,illu/ration3 #a4 ,,esquimaux ,,dog-,,team4 ,,! ,,pol> ,,_w3 ,a ,,popul> ,,description ,,( ,,man ,,& ,,nature ,,9 ,,! ,,arctic ,,& ,,ant>ctic ,,regions ,,( ,,! ,,globe4 ,,by ,,dr4 ,g4 ,,h>twig1 ,,au?or ,,( 8,,! ,,sea ,,& ,,its ,,liv+ ,,wond]s10 8,,! ,,h>monies ,,( ,,nature10 ,,& 8,,! ,,tropical ,,_w40 ,,) ,,additional ,,*apt]s ,,& ,,"o ,,hundr$ ,,& ,,sixty-,,?ree ,,illu/rations4 ,,new ,,york3 ,,h>p] ,,bro!rs1 ,,publi%]s1 ,,frankl9 ,,squ>e4 #ahfi4 ,ent]$1 accord+ to ,act ( ,congress1 9 ! ye> #ahfi1 by ,,h>p] ,,bro!rs1 ,9 ! ,cl]k's ,(fice ( ! ,di/rict ,c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates = ! ,s\!rn ,di/rict ( ,new ,york4 ,,preface4 ,! object ( ! foll[+ pages is to describe ! ,pol> ,_w 9 its pr9cipal natural features1 to po9t out ! influ5ce ( its long w9t]-night & fleet+ summ] on ! developm5t ( vegetable & animal exi/5ce1 & f9ally to picture man wag+ ! battle ( life aga9/ ! dreadful climate ( ! high latitudes ( our globe ei!r z ! inhabitant ( _! gloomy solitudes1 or z ! bold inve/igator ( _! my/]ies4 ,! table ( cont5ts %[s ! great v>iety ( int]e/+ subjects embrac$ )9 a comp>atively n>r[ compass2 & z my con/ant aim has be5 to convey solid in/ruction "u an ent]ta9+ =m1 ,i v5ture to hope t ! public w grant ?is new "w ! favorable reception giv5 to my previ\s writ+s4 ,g4 ,,h>twig4 ,,note ,,by ,,! ,,am]ican ,,editor4 ,i h made no alt]ations 9 ! text ( ,dr4 ,h>twig's book beyond *ang+ ! or?ography ( a few geographical & e?nological t]ms s t !y %all con=m to ! mode ( repres5tation usual 9 our maps & books ( travel4 ,= example1 ,i sub/itute ,nova ,zembla = 8,novaya ,zemla01 & ,samoedes = 8,samoj$es40 ,"h & !re ?r\gh\t ! "w ,i h add$ a s5t5ce or a p>agraph4 ,! two *apt]s on 8,alaska0 & 8,! ,innuits0 h be5 suppli$ by me2 & = !m ,dr4 ,h>twig is 9 no way responsible4 ,! ,illu/rations h be5 :olly select$ & arrang$ by me4 ,i f\nd at my disposal an imm5se numb] ( illu/rations :i* seem$ to me bett] to elucidate ! text ?an ^? introduc$ by ,dr4 ,h>twig4 ,9 ! ,li/ ( ,illu/rations ! names ( ! au?ors to :om ,i am indebt$ are suppli$4 ,! foll[+ gives ! names ( ! au?ors1 & ! titles ( ! works f :i* ! illu/rations h be5 tak53 ,,atk9son1 ,,?omas ,,witlam3 8,travels 9 ! ,regions ( ! ,upp] ,amoor20 & 8,ori5tal & ,we/]n ,sib]ia40 ,,br[ne1 ,j4 ,,ross3 8,! ,l& ( ,?or40 ,,duff]91 ,,"l3 8,lett]s f ,high ,latitudes40 ,,hall1 ,,*>les ,,francis3 8,arctic ,rese>*es1 & ,life among ! ,esquimaux40 ,,h>p]',s ,,magaz9e3 ,! ,illu/rations cr$it$ to ?is p]iodical h be5 furni%$ dur+ _m ye>s by m ?an a score ( travell]s & voyag]s4 ,!y are 9 e case au!ntic4 ,,lamont1 ,,james3 8,seasons ) ! ,sea-,horses2 or1 ,sport+ ,adv5tures 9 ! ,nor!rn ,seas40 ,,milton1 ,,visc\nt3 8,nor?-we/ ,passage by ,l&40 ,,:ymp]1 ,,fr$]ick3 8,alaska1 & ,briti% ,am]ica40 ,,wood1 ,,rev4 ,j4 ,g43 8,natural ,hi/ory20 & 8,homes )\t ,h&s40 ,i tru/ t ,i h ?r\gh\t wr\ght 9 ! _s ( ! au?or2 & t my labors w enhance ! value ( 8 admirable book4 ,a4 ,h4 ,g4 ,,cont5ts4 ,page ,,*apt] ,i4 ,,! ,,arctic ,,l&s4 ,! b>r5 ,gr\nds or ,tundri4--,abundance ( animal ,life on ! ,tundri 9 ,summ]4--,_! ,sil5ce & ,desolation 9 ,w9t]4-- ,protection af=d$ to ,vegetation by ! ,sn[4--,fl[]-gr[? 9 ! highe/ ,latitudes4--,"* ( ,tundra ,vegetation4-- ,s\!rn ,b\nd>y-l9e ( ! b>r5 ,gr\nds4--,_! ,ext5t4-- ,! =e/ ,zone4--,arctic ,trees4--,sl[ness ( _! ,gr[?4-- ,monotony ( ! ,nor!rn ,=e/s4--,mosquitoes4--,! v>i\s ,causes :i* det]m9e ! ,sev]ity ( an ,arctic ,climate4-- ,insul> & ,cont95tal ,position4--,curr5ts4--,w9ds4-- ,extremes ( ,cold obs]v$ by ,sir ,e4 ,bel*] & ,dr4 ,kane4-- ,h[ is ,man able to support ! ,rigors ( an ,arctic ,w9t]8-- ,pro(s ( a mild] ,climate hav+ once reign$ 9 ! ,arctic ,regions4--,its ,cause accord+ to ,dr4 ,oswald ,he]4--,peculi> ,beauties ( ! ,arctic ,regions4--,sunset4--,long lun> ,nights4--,! ,aurora4 #ag ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,,arctic ,,l& ,,quadrup$s ,,& ,,birds4 ,! ,re9de]4--,/ructure ( its ,foot4--,clatt]+ ,noise :5 walk+4--,antl]s4--,extraord9>y olfactory ,p[]s4--,! ,icel&ic ,moss4--,pres5t & ,=m] ,range ( ! ,re9de]4-- ,its invaluable ,qualities z an ,arctic dome/ic ,animal4-- ,revolts aga9/ ,oppression4--,enemies ( ! ,re9de]4--,! ,wolf4--,! ,glutton or ,wolv]9e4--,gad-flies4--,! ,elk or ,moose-de]4--,! ,musk-ox4--,! ,wild ,%eep ( ! ,rocky ,m\nta9s4--,! ,sib]ian ,argali4--,! ,arctic ,fox4--,its ,burr[s4--,! ,lemm+s4--,_! ,migrations & ,enemies4-- ,arctic ,anatid4--,! ,sn[-bunt+4--,! ,lapl& ,bunt+4-- ,! ,sea-eagle4--,dr[n$ by a ,dolph94 #cd ,,*apt] ,,iii4 ,,! ,,arctic ,,seas4 ,dang]s peculi> to ! ,arctic ,sea4--,ice-fields4--,hummocks4-- ,collision ( ,ice-fields4--,iceb]gs4--,_! ,orig94--,_! ,size4--,! ,glaci]s :i* give !m ,bir?4--,_! ,beauty4-- ,sometimes useful ,auxili>ies to ! ,m>9]4--,dang]s ( an*or+ to a ,b]g4--,a crumbl+ ,b]g4--,! ,ice-bl9k4-- ,fogs4--,transp>5cy ( ! ,atmosph]e4--,ph5om5a ( ,reflection & ,refraction4--,causes :i* prev5t ! ,accumulation ( ,pol> ,ice4--,tides4--,curr5ts4--,ice a bad ,conductor ( ,heat4--,wise ,provisions ( ,nature4 #de ,,*apt] ,,iv4 ,,arctic ,,m>9e ,,animals4 ,popul\sness ( ! ,arctic ,seas4--,! ,gre5l& ,:ale4--,! ,f9 ,:ales4--,! ,n>:al4--,! ,beluga1 or ,:ite ,dolph94-- ,! ,black ,dolph94--,8 :olesale ,massacre on ! ,fa]oe ,isl&s4--,! ,orc1 or ,grampus4--,! ,seals4--,! ,walrus4-- ,its acute ,smell4--,hi/ory ( a "y ,walrus4--,p>5tal ,affection4--,! ,pol> ,be>4--,8 ,sagacity4--,hib]nation ( ! ,%e-be>4--,sea-birds4 #ei ,,*apt] ,v4 ,,icel&4 ,volcanic ,orig9 ( ! ,isl&4--,! ,kl(a ,jkul4-- ,lava-/reams4--,! ,burn+ ,m\nta9s ( ,krisuvik4--,! ,mud-caldrons ( ,reykjahlid4--,! ,tungo-hv] at ,reykholt4-- ,! ,great ,geysir4--,! ,/rokkr4--,cry/al ,pools4--,! ,almanuagja4--,! ,surts-hellir4--,beautiful ,ice-cave4--,! ,go?a ,foss4--,! ,detti ,foss4--,climate4--,vegetation4-- ,cattle4--,b>b>\s ,mode ( ,%eep-%e]+4--,re9de]4-- ,pol> ,be>s4--,birds4--,! ,eid]-duck4--,videy4--,vigr4-- ,! ,wild ,swan4--,! ,rav54--,! ,j]falcon4--,! ,giant auk1 or ,geirfugl4--,fi%4--,fi%+ ,season4--,! ,:ite ,%>k4-- ,m9]al ,k+dom4--,sulphur4--,peat4--,drift-wood4 #fh ,,*apt] ,,vi4 ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,icel&4 ,discov]y ( ! ,isl& by ,naddodr 9 #hfa4--;,g>d>4--,floki ( ! ,rav5s4--,+olfr & ,leif4--,ulfliot ! ,lawgiv]4--,! ,al?+4--,?+valla4--,introduction ( ,*ri/ianity into ! ,isl&4--,fr$]ick ! ,saxon & ,?orwold ! ,travell]4-- ,?angbr&4--,gold5 ,age ( ,icel&ic ,lit]ature4--,snorri ,/urleson4--,! ,isl& submits to ,hakon1 ,k+ ( ,norway1 9 #abed4--,long ,s]ies ( ,calamities4--,great ,eruption ( ! ,skapta ,jkul 9 #aghc4--;,comm]cial ,monopoly4--,bett] ,times 9 ,prospect4 #hi ,,*apt] ,,vii4 ,,! ,,icel&]s4 ,skalholt4--,reykjavik4--,! ,fair4--,! ,peasant & ! ,m]*ant4--,a ,cl]gyman 9 8 ,cups4--,hay-mak+4--,! ,icel&]'s ,hut4--,*ur*es4--,pov]ty ( ! ,cl]gy4--,jon ,?orlaks54--,! ,sem9>y ( ,reykjavik4--,b5eficial ,influ5ce ( ! ,cl]gy4--,home ,education4--,! ,icel&]'s ,w9t]'s ,ev5+4--,ta/e = ,lit]ature4--,! ,language4--,! ,public ,libr>y at ,reykjavik4--,! ,icel&ic ,lit]>y ,society4-- ,icel&ic ,newspap]s4--,longevity4--,leprosy4--,tr avell+ 9 ,icel&4--,=d+ ! ,riv]s4--,cross+ ( ! ,skeid>a by ,mr4 ,holl&4--,a ,night's ,biv\ac4 #ih ,,*apt] ,,viii4 ,,! ,,we/man ,,isl&s4 ,! ,we/mans4--,_! extreme ,difficulty ( ,access4--,h[ !y became peopl$4--,heimaey4--,kauf/a?ir & ,(anleyte4-- ,%eep-hoi/+4--,egg-ga!r+4--,dreadful ,mortality among ! ,*ildr54--,! ,g9kl(i4--,g5tleman ,john4--,! ,alg]9e ,pirates4--,dreadful ,suff]+s ( ! ,isl&]s4 #aad ,,*apt] ,,ix4 ,,f ,,dron!im ,,to ,,! ,,nor? ,,cape4 ,mild ,climate ( ! ,norwegian ,coa/4--,its ,causes4--,! ,norwegian ,peasant4--,norwegian ,con/itution4--,romantic coa/ ,sc5]y4--,dron!im4--,greiff5feld ,holme & ,vre4--,! ,sea-eagle4--,! ,h]r+-fi%]ies4--,! ,l(ot5 ,isl&s4-- ,! ,cod-fi%]ies4--,wret*$ ,condition ( ! ,fi%]m54-- ,troms4--,alt5fiord4--,! ,copp] ,m9es4--,hamm]fe/ ! mo/ nor!rn ,t[n 9 ! ,_w4--,! ,nor? ,cape4 #abj ,,*apt] ,x4 ,,spitzb]g5--,,be> ,,isl&--,,jan ,,mey54 ,! we/ ,coa/ ( ,spitzb]g54--,asc5sion ( a ,m\nta9 by ,dr4 ,scoresby4--,8 ,excursion along ! ,coa/4--,a /r&$ ,:ale4--,magdal5a ,bay4--,multitudes ( ,sea-birds4-- ,animal ,life4--,midnight ,sil5ce4--,glaci]s4--,a dang]\s ,neighborhood4--,int]ior ,plateau4--,flora ( ,spitzb]g54-- ,its ,simil>ity ) t ( ! ,alps above ! ,sn[-l9e4-- ,re9de]4--,! hyp]borean ,pt>migan4--,fi%es4--,coal4-- ,drift-wood4--,discov]y ( ,spitzb]g5 by ,b>5tz1 ,heemsk]k1 & ,ryp4--,brilliant ,p]iod ( ! ,:ale-fi%]y4--,c(f9s4-- ,eight ,engli% ,sailors w9t] 9 ,spitzb]g51 #afcj4--,melan*oly ,dea? ( "s ,dut* ,volunte]s4--,russian ,hunt]s4--,_! ,mode ( w9t]+ 9 ,spitzb]g54--,s*>o/94--,walrus-%ips f ,hamm]fe/ & ,troms4--,be> or ,*]ie ,isl&4--,b5net4-- ,enorm\s ,slaught] ( ,walruses4--,mildness ( its ,climate4-- ,m\nt ,mis]y4--,adv5tur\s ,boat-voyage ( "s ,norwegian ,sailors4--,jan ,mey54--,be]5b]g4 #aca ,,*apt] ,,xi4 ,,nova ,,zembla4 ,! ,sea ( ,k>a4--,los*k94--,rosmyssl[4--,ltke4--,k rot[4-- ,pa*tuss[4--,sails along ! ea/]n ,coa/ ( ! ,s\!rn ,isl& to ,matos*k9 ,s*>4--,8 second ,voyage & ,dea?4-- ,meteorological ,obs]vations ( ,ziwolka4--,! cold ,summ] ( ,nova ,zembla4--,von ,ba]'s sci5tific ,voyage to ,nova ,zembla4-- ,8 ,adv5tures 9 ,matos*k9 ,s*>4--,/orm 9 ,ko/9 ,s*>4-- ,sea ,ba? & votive ,cross4--,botanical ,obs]vations4--,a natural ,g>d54--,solitude & ,sil5ce4--,a ,bird ,baz>4-- ,hunt+ ,exp$itions ( ! ,russians to ,nova ,zembla4 #adg ,,*apt] ,,xii4 ,,! ,,lapps4 ,_! anci5t ,hi/ory & ,conv]sion to ,*ri/ianity4-- ,self-d5ial & ,pov]ty ( ! ,lapl& ,cl]gy4--,_! s+ul> ,mode ( ,prea*+4--,gross ,sup]/ition ( ! ,lapps4--,! ,evil ,_s ( ! ,woods4--,! ,lapl& ,wit*es4--,physical ,con/itution ( ! ,lapps4--,_! ,dress4--,! ,fjlllapp>s4-- ,_! ,dwell+s4--,/ore-h\ses4--,re9de] ,p5s4--,milk+ ! ,re9de]4--,migration4--,! ,lapl& ,dog4--,skid]s1 or ,skates4--,! ,sl$ge1 or ,pulka4--,natural ,beauties ( ,lapl&4--,atta*m5t ( ! ,lapps to _! ,c\ntry4-- ,be>-hunt+4--,wolf-hunt+4--,mode ( ,liv+ ( ! weal?y ,lapps4--,h[ !y kill ! ,re9de]4--,visit+ ! ,fair4-- ,mammon ,wor%ip4--,treasure-hid+4--8,tabak1 or ,bra5de40-- ,affectionate ,disposition ( ! ,lapps4--,! ,skogslapp4--,! ,fi%]lapp4 #aef ,,*apt] ,,xiii4 ,,mat?ias ,,alex&] ,,ca/r,n4 ,8 ,bir?place & fir/ ,/udies4--,j\rney 9 ,lapl&1 #ahch4-- ,! ,iwalojoki4--,! ,lake ( ,en>a4--,! ,pa/or ( ,utzjoki4-- ,f ,r[animi to ,kemi4--,second ,voyage1 #ahda-dd4--,/orm on ! ,:ite ,sea4--,return to ,ar*angel4--,! ,tundras ( ! ,european ,samoedes4--,mes54--,univ]sal ,drunk5ness4--,sl$ge ,j\rney to ,pu/os]sk4--,a ,samoede ,tea*]4--,tundra ,/orms4-- ,ab&on$ & alone 9 ! ,wild]ness4--,pu/os]sk4--,our ,travell]'s ,p]secutions at ,u/sylmsk & ,i%emsk4--,! ,uusa4--,cross+ ! ,ural4--,obdorsk4--,second ,sib]ian ,j\rney1 #ahde-dh4--,ov]fl[+ ( ! ,obi4--,surgut4-- ,krasnoj>sk4--,agreeable ,surprise4--,turu*ansk4--,voyage d[n ! ,j5issei4--,ca/rn's ,/udy at ,pla*9a4--,f ,dud9ka to ,tol/oi ,noss4--,froz5 ,feet4--,return ,voyage to ! ,s\?4-- ,froz5 fa/ on ! ,j5issei4--,wond]ful ,pres]vation4-- ,j\rney across ! ,*9ese ,fronti]s1 & to ,transbaikalia4-- ,return to ,f9l&4--,pr(essor%ip at ,hels+=s4--,dea? ( ,ca/rn1 #ahee4 #afh ,,*apt] ,,xiv4 ,,! ,,samo,,edes4 ,_! ,b>b>ism4--,num1 or ,jilibeamba]tje4--,%amanism4-- ,samoede ,idols4--,sjadi4--,hahe4--,! ,tadebtsios1 or ,spirits4--,! ,tadibes1 or ,sorc]]s4--,_! ,dress4--,_! ,invocations4--,_! conjur+ ,tricks4--,rev]5ce paid to ! ,dead4--,a ,samoede ,oa?4--,appe>ance ( ! ,samoedes4--,_! ,dress4--,a ,samoede ,belle4--,"* ( ! ,samoedes4-- ,_! decreas+ ,numb]s4--,traditions ( anci5t ,h]oes4 #agi ,,*apt] ,,xv4 ,,! ,,o/iaks4 ,:at is ! ,obi8--,inundations4--,an ,o/iak summ] ,y\rt4-- ,pov]ty ( ! ,o/iak ,fi%]m54--,a w9t] ,y\rt4--,atta*m5t ( ! ,o/iaks to _! anci5t ,cu/oms4--,an ,o/iak ,pr9ce4-- ,ar*]y4--,appe>ance & ,"* ( ! ,o/iaks4--,! ,fair ( ,obdorsk4 #ahe ,,*apt] ,,xvi4 ,,conque/ ,,( ,,sib]ia ,,by ,,! ,,russians--,,_! ,,voyages ,,( ,,discov]y ,,along ,,! ,,%ores ,,( ,,! ,,pol> ,,sea4 ,ivan ! ,t]rible4--,/rogon(f4--,y]mak1 ! ,robb] & ,conqu]or4--,8 ,exp$itions to ,sib]ia4--,battle ( ,tobolsk4-- ,y]mak's ,dea?4--,progress ( ! ,russians to ,o*otsk4--,sem5 ,de%new4--,condition ( ! ,sib]ian ,natives "u ! ,russian ,yoke4--,voyages ( ,discov]y 9 ! ,reign ( ! ,empress ,anna4--,pronts*is*ts*ew4--,*>iton & ,demetrius ,laptew4-- ,an ,arctic ,h]o9e4--,s*alaur[4--,discov]ies 9 ! ,sea ( ,b]+ & 9 ! ,pacific ,ocean4--,! ,l*[ ,isl&s4--,fossil ,ivory4--,new ,sib]ia4--,! wood5 ,m\nta9s4--,! pa/ ,ages ( ,sib]ia4 #aia ,,*apt] ,,xvii4 ,,sib]ia--,,fur-,,trade ,,& ,,gold-,,digg+s4 ,sib]ia4--,its imm5se ,ext5t & ,capabilities4--,! ,exiles4-- ,m5ts*ik(f4--,dolgor\ky4--,mni*4--,! ,crim9als4-- ,! free ,sib]ian ,peasant4--,extremes ( ,heat & ,cold4-- ,fur-be>+ ,animals4--,! ,sable4--,! ,erm9e4--,! ,sib]ian ,weasel4--,! ,sea-ott]4--,! black ,fox4--,! ,lynx4--,! ,squirrel4--,! v>y+ ,h>e4--,! ,suslik4--,importance ( ! ,fur-trade = ! ,nor!rn ,prov9ces ( ! ,russian ,empire4-- ,! ,gold-digg+s ( ,ea/]n ,sib]ia4--,! ,taiga4--,exp5ses & ,difficulties ( se>*+ ,exp$itions4--,co/s ( ,produce1 & enorm\s ,pr(its ( successful ,speculators4--,_! s5seless ,extravagance4--,fir/ ,discov]y ( ,gold 9 ! ,ural ,m\nta9s4--,jak[lew & ,demid[4--,ni%ne-,tagilsk4 #bjd ,,*apt] ,,xviii4 ,,midd5dorff',s ,,adv5tures ,,9 ,,taimurl&4 ,= :at ,purpose 0 ,midd5dorff's ,voyage to ,taimurl& und]tak58--,difficulties & ,ob/acles4--,exp$ition d[n ! ,taimur ,riv] to ! ,pol> ,sea4--,/orm on ,taimur ,lake4--,loss ( ! ,boat4--,midd5dorff ill & alone 9 #ge ,n4 ,lat4--,sav$ by a grateful ,samoede4--,climate & ,vegetation ( ,taimurl&4 #bbj ,,*apt] ,,xix4 ,,! ,,jakuts4 ,_! en]getic ,nationality4--,_! ,desc5t4--,_! gloomy ,"*4--,summ] & ,w9t] ,dwell+s4--,! ,jakut ,horse4-- ,incr$ible ,p[]s ( ,endurance ( ! ,jakuts4--,_! ,%>pness ( ,vision4--,surpris+ local ,memory4--,_! manual ,dext]ity4--,lea!r1 ,poni>ds1 ,c>pets4--,jakut ,gluttons4-- ,sup]/iti\s ,fe> ( ! ,m\nta9-_s ,ljes*ei4--,(f]+s ( ,horse-hair4--,improvis$ ,songs4--,! ,riv] ,jakut4 #bbh ,,*apt] ,,xx4 ,,wrangell4 ,8 di/+ui%$ ,s]vices z an ,arctic ,explor]4--,f ,pet]sburg to ,jakutsk 9 #ahbj4--,trade ( ,jakutsk4--,f ,jakutsk to ,ni%ne-,kolymsk4--,! ,bad>any4--,dreadful ,climate ( ,ni%ne-,kolymsk4--,summ] ,plagues4--,vegetation4--,animal ,life4--,re9de]-hunt+4--,fam9e4--,inunda tions4--,! ,sib]ian ,dog4--,fir/ ,j\rneys ov] ! ,ice ( ! ,pol> ,sea1 & ,exploration ( ! ,coa/ beyond ,cape ,%elagskoi 9 #ahba4-- ,dreadful ,dang]s & ,h>d%ips4--,matius*k9's ,sl$ge-j\rney ov] ! ,pol> ,sea 9 #ahbb4--,la/ ,adv5tures on ! ,pol> ,sea4--,a ,run = ,life4--,return to ,/4 ,pet]sburg4 #bcc ,,*apt] ,,xxi4 ,,! ,,tungusi4 ,_! ,relation%ip to ! ,mant*\4--,dreadful ,condition ( ! outca/ ,nomads4--,"* ( ! ,tungusi4--,_! ,outfit = ! ,*ase4--,be>-hunt+4--,dwell+s4--,diet4-- ,a ,night's ,halt ) ,tungusi 9 ! ,=e/4--,o*otsk4 #bdd ,,*apt] ,,xxii4 ,,george ,,william ,,/ell]4 ,8 ,bir?4--,ent]s ! ,russian ,s]vice4--,sci5tific ,j\rney to ,kam*atka4--,accompanies ,b]+ on 8 second ,voyage ( ,discov]y4--,l&s on ! ,isl& ( ,kaiak4--,%ameful ,conduct ( ,b]+4--,%ipwreck on ,b]+ ,isl&4--,b]+'s ,dea?4-- ,return to ,kam*atka4--,loss ( ,prop]ty4--,p]secutions ( ! ,sib]ian ,au?orities4--,froz5 to ,dea? at ,tjum54 #bdh ,,*apt] ,,xxiii4 ,,kam*atka4 ,climate4--,f]tility4--,luxuriant ,vegetation4--,fi%4-- ,sea-birds4--,kam*atkan ,bird-cat*]s4--,! ,bay ( ,avats*a4-- ,petropavlosk4--,! ,kam*atkans4--,_! physical & moral ,qualities4--,! ,fritill>ia ,s>rana4--,! ,mu*amor4-- ,be>s4--,dogs4 #bed ,,*apt] ,,xxiv4 ,,! ,,t*ukt*i4 ,! ,l& ( ! ,t*ukt*i4--,_! indep5d5t ,_s & comm]cial ,ent]prise4--,p]petual ,migrations4--,! ,fair ( ,o/r[noje4--,visit 9 a ,t*ukt* ,polog4--,races4--,t*ukt* ,bayad]es4--,! ,t5nygk1 or ,re9de] ,t*ukt*i4--,! ,onkilon1 or ,s$5t>y ,t*ukt*i4--,_! ,mode ( ,life4 #bfb ,,*apt] ,,xxv4 ,,b]+ ,,sea--,,! ,,russian ,,fur ,,company--,,! ,,aleuts4 ,b]+ ,sea4--,unalaska4--,! ,pribil[ ,isl&s4--,/4 ,mat!w4-- ,/4 ,laur5ce4--,b]+'s ,/raits4--,! ,russian ,fur ,company4-- ,! ,aleuts4--,_! ,"*4--,_! ,skill & ,intrepidity 9 hunt+ ! ,sea-ott]4--,! ,sea-be>4--,:ale-*as+4-- ,walrus-slaught]4--,! ,sea-lion4 #bfh ,,*apt] ,,xxvi4 ,,alaska4 ,pur*ase ( ,alaska by ! ,unit$ ,/ates4--,! ,russian ,am]ican ,telegraph ,s*eme4--,:ymp]'s ,trip up ! ,yukon4--,dogs4-- ,! ,/>t4--,extempore ,wat]-filt]4--,sn[-%oes4--,! ,froz5 ,yukon4--,"u-gr\nd ,h\ses4--,life at ,nulato4-- ,cold ,wea!r4--,auroras4--,approa* ( ,summ]4--,break+-up ( ! ,ice4--,=t ,yukon4--,furs4--,desc5t ( ! ,yukon4-- ,value ( ,goods4--,arctic & ,tropical ,life4--,moose-hunt+4-- ,de]-corrals4--,lip ,ornam5ts4--,canoes4--,f\r-po/ ,c(f94-- ,! ,k5aian ,indians4--,! ,aleuts4--,value ( ,alaska4 #bgg ,,*apt] ,,xxvii4 ,,! ,,esquimaux4 ,_! wide ,ext5sion4--,climate ( ! ,regions !y inhabit4-- ,_! physical ,appe>ance4--,_! ,dress4--,sn[ ,huts4--,! ,kayak1 or ! ,baid>4--,hunt+ ,app>atus & ,weapons4-- ,enmity betwe5 ! ,esquimaux & ! ,r$ ,indian4--,! 8,bloody ,falls40--,*ase ( ! ,re9de]4--,bird-cat*+4-- ,:ale-hunt+4--,v>i\s ,/ratagems employ$ to cat* ! ,seal4--,! 8,keep-kuttuk40--,be>-hunt+4--,walrus-hu nt+4-- ,awaklok & ,my\k4--,! ,esquimaux ,dog4--,games & ,sports4-- ,angekoks4--,moral ,"*4--,self-reliance4--,intellig5ce4-- ,iligliuk4--,comm]cial ,eag]ness ( ! ,esquimaux4--,_! ,voracity4--,seasons ( ,di/ress4 #bij ,,*apt] ,,xxviii4 ,,! ,,fur-,,trade ,,( ,,! ,,hudson',s ,,bay ,,t]ritories4 ,! ,c\reur des ,bois4--,! ,voyageur4--,! ,bir*-b>k ,canoe4-- ,! ,canadian ,fur-trade 9 ! la/ ,c5tury4--,! ,hudson's ,bay ,company4--,bloody ,feuds betwe5 ! ,nor?-we/ ,company ( ,canada & ! ,hudson's ,bay ,company4--,_! ,amalgamation into a new ,company 9 #ahba4--,recon/ruction ( ! ,hudson's ,bay ,company 9 #ahfc4--;,=ts or ,h\ses4--,! ,attihawmeg4-- ,influ5ce ( ! ,company on its savage ,dep5d5ts4--,! ,black ,be>1 or ,b>ibal4--,! ,br[n ,be>4--,! ,grizzly ,be>4--,! ,raccoon4--,! ,am]ican ,glutton4--,! ,p9e ,m>t54--,! ,pekan1 or ,wood-%ock4--,! ,*+a4--,! ,m9k4--,! ,canadian ,fi%-ott]4--,! ,cross$ ,fox4--,! ,black or ,silv]y ,fox4-- ,! ,canadian ,lynx1 or ,pi%u4--,! ,ice-h>e4--,! ,beav]4-- ,! ,musqua%4 #cjd ,,*apt] ,,xxix4 ,,! ,,cree ,,indians1 ,,or ,,ey?9yuwuk4 ,! v>i\s ,tribes ( ! ,crees4--,_! ,conque/s & subsequ5t ,defeat4--,_! ,w>s ) ! ,blackfeet4--,_! ,"*4-- ,tattoo+4--,_! ,dress4--,fondness = _! ,*ildr54--,! ,cree ,cradle4--,vapor ,ba?s4--,games4--,_! religi\s ,ideas4-- ,! ,cree ,t>t>us & ,elysium4 #cai ,,*apt] ,,xxx4 ,,! ,,t9n ,,indians4 ,! v>i\s ,tribes ( ! ,t9n ,indians4--,! ,dog-ribs4-- ,clo?+4--,! ,h>e ,indians4--,degrad$ ,/ate ( ! ,wom54-- ,practical ,sociali/s4--,"*4--,cruelty to ! ,ag$ & ,infirm4 #cbg ,,*apt] ,,xxxi4 ,,! ,,l\*eux1 ,,or ,,kut*9 ,,indians4 ,! ,c\ntries !y inhabit4--,_! ,appe>ance & ,dress4--,_! ,love ( ,f9]y4--,condition ( ! ,wom54--,/range ,cu/oms4-- ,"*4--,feuds ) ! ,esquimaux4--,_! suspici\s & timor\s ,lives4--,p\nds = cat*+ ,re9de]4--,_! ,lodges4 #cca ,,*apt] ,,xxxii4 ,,arctic ,,voyages ,,( ,,discov]y1 ,,f ,,! ,,cabots ,,to ,,baff94 ,fir/ ,sc&9avian ,discov]] ( ,am]ica4--,! ,cabots4-- ,will\ghby & ,*ancellor 7#aeec-aeed74--,/eph5 ,burr\gh 7#aeef74--;,frobi%] 7#aegf-aegh74--;,davis 7#aehe-aehg74-- ,b>5tz1 ,cornelis1 & ,brant 7#aeid74--,w9t]+ ( ! ,dut* ,navigators 9 ,nova ,zembla 7#aeif-aeig74--;,john ,knight 7#afjf74-- ,murd]$ by ! ,esquimaux4--,h5ry ,hudson 7#afjg-afji74--;,baff9 7#afaf74 #cce ,,*apt] ,,xxxiii4 ,,arctic ,,voyages ,,( ,,discov]y1 ,,f ,,baff9 ,,to ,m',,cl9tock4 ,bu*an & ,frankl94--,ross & ,p>ry 7#ahah74--;,discov]y ( ,melville ,isl&4--,w9t] ,h>bor 7#ahai-ahbj74--;,frankl9's fir/ l& ,j\rney4--,dreadful ,suff]+s4--,p>ry's second ,voyage 7#ahba-ahbc74--;,iligliuk4--,lyon 7#ahbd74--,p>ry's ?ird ,voyage 7#ahbd74--;,frankl9's second l& ,j\rney to ! ,%ores ( ! ,pol> ,sea4--,bee*ey4--,p>ry's sl$ge ,j\rney t[>ds ! ,pole4--,sir ,john ,ross's second ,j\rney4--,five ,ye>s 9 ! ,arctic ,ocean4--,back's ,discov]y ( ,great ,fi% ,riv]4--,dease & ,simpson 7#ahcg-ahci74--;,frankl9 & ,crozi]'s la/ ,voyage 7#ahde74--,se>*+ ,exp$itions4--,ri*>dson & ,rae4--,sir ,james ,ross4--,au/94--,p5ny4--,de ,hav54--,frankl9's fir/ ,w9t]-qu>t]s discov]$ by ,ommaney4--,k5n$y & ,bellot4-- ,+lefield4--,sir ,e4 ,bel*]4--,kellett4--,m',clure's ,discov]y ( ! ,nor?-we/ ,passage4--,coll9son4--,bellot's ,dea?4-- ,dr4 ,rae le>ns ! ,dea? ( ! ,crews ( ! 8,erebus0 & 8,t]ror40--,sir ,leopold ,m',cl9tock4 #cdd ,,*apt] ,,xxxiv4 ,,kane ,,& ,,hayes4 ,kane sails up ,smi?'s ,s\nd 9 ! 8,advance0 7#ahec74-- ,w9t]s 9 ,r5ssela] ,bay4--,sl$ge ,j\rney along ! ,coa/ ( ,gre5l&4--,! ,?ree-bro!r ,turrets4--,t5nyson's ,monum5t4--,! ,great ,humboldt ,glaci]4--,dr4 ,hayes crosses ,k5n$y ,*annel4--,morton's ,discov]y ( ,wa%+ton ,l&4-- ,m\nt ,p>ry4--,kane resolves ^u a second ,w9t]+ 9 ,r5ssela] ,bay4--,dep>ture & ,return ( ,"p ( ! ,crew4-- ,suff]+s ( ! ,w9t]4--,! ,%ip ab&on$4--,boat ,j\rney to ,up]navik4--,kane's ,dea? 9 ! ,havana 7#aheg74--;,dr4 ,hayes's ,voyage 9 #ahfj4--;,he w9t]s at ,port ,f\lke4--,crosses ,k5n$y ,*annel4--,rea*es ,cape ,union1 ! mo/ nor!rn kn[n ,l& ^u ! ,globe4--,koldewey4--,plans = future ,voyages to ! ,nor? ,pole4 #cfe ,,*apt] ,,xxxv4 ,,newf\ndl&4 ,its desolate ,aspect4--,=e/s4--,m>%es4--,b>r5s4-- ,ponds4--,fur-be>+ ,animals4--,sev]ity ( ,climate4--,/4 ,john's4--,discov]y ( ,newf\ndl& by ! ,sc&9avians4-- ,sir ,humphrey ,gilb]t4--,rivalry ( ! ,engli% & ,fr5*4-- ,importance ( ! ,fi%]ies4--,! ,banks ( ,newf\ndl&4-- ,mode ( ,fi%+4--,?roat]s1 ,head]s1 ,splitt]s1 ,salt]s1 & ,pack]s4--,fogs & ,/orms4--,seal-cat*+4 #cgf ,,*apt] ,,xxxvi4 ,,gre5l&4 ,a my/]i\s ,region4--,anci5t ,sc&9avian ,coloni/s4--,_! ,decl9e & ,fall4--,hans ,eg$e4--,8 ,trials & ,success4-- ,f\ndation ( ,god?aab4--,h]r5hu? ,mission>ies4-- ,l9d5[4--,! ,scoresbys4--,clav]+4--,! ,dani% ,settlem5ts 9 ,gre5l&4--,! ,gre5l& ,esquimaux4-- ,seal-cat*+4--,! ,:ite ,dolph94--,! ,n>:al4-- ,%>k-fi%]y4--,fisk]nasset4--,birds4--,re 9de]-hunt+4-- ,indig5\s ,plants4--,drift-wood4--,m9]al ,k+dom4--,mode ( ,life ( ! ,gre5l& ,esquimaux4--,! ,danes 9 ,gre5l&4-- ,beautiful ,sc5]y4--,ice ,caves4 #chb ,,*apt] ,,xxxvii4 ,,! ,,ant>ctic ,,ocean4 ,comp>ative ,view ( ! ,ant>ctic & ,arctic ,regions4-- ,inf]iority ( ,climate ( ! =m]4--,its ,causes4--,! ,new ,%etl& ,isl&s4--,s\? ,georgia4--,! ,p]uvian ,/ream4--,sea-birds4--,! ,giant ,petrel4--,! ,albatross4-- ,! ,p5gu94--,! ,au/ral ,:ale4--,! ,hun*back4--,! ,f9-back4--,! ,grampus4--,battle ) a ,:ale4--,! ,sea-elephant4--,! ,s\!rn ,sea-be>4--,! ,sea-leop>d4-- ,ant>ctic ,fi%es4 #cia ,,*apt] ,,xxxviii4 ,,ant>ctic ,,voyages ,,( ,,discov]y4 ,cook's ,discov]ies 9 ! ,ant>ctic ,ocean4--,bell+haus54-- ,w$dell4--,biscoe4--,ball5y4--,dumont d',urville4--,wilkes4-- ,sir ,james ,ross crosses ! ,ant>ctic ,circle on ,new ,ye>'s ,day1 #ahda4--;,discov]s ,victoria ,l&4--,dang]\s ,l&+ on ,frankl9 ,isl&4--,an ,eruption ( ,m\nt ,erebus4--,! ,great ,ice ,b>ri]4--,provid5tial ,escape4--,dreadful ,gale4--,collision4-- ,haz>d\s ,passage betwe5 two ,iceb]gs4--,t]m9ation ( ! ,voyage4 #dja ,,*apt] ,,xxxix4 ,,! ,,/rait ,,( ,,magellan4 ,description ( ! ,/rait4--,we/]n ,entrance4--,po9t ,dung5ess4--,! ,n>r[s4--,sa9t ,philip's ,bay4--,cape ,fr[>d4--,gr& ,sc5]y4--,port ,fam9e4--,! ,s$g] ,riv]4-- ,d>w9's ,asc5t ( ,m\nt ,t>n4--,! ,ba*elor ,riv]4--,engli% ,rea*4--,sea ,rea*4--,s\? ,desolation4--,h>bor ( ,m]cy4-- ,williwaws4--,discov]y ( ! ,/rait by ,magellan 7,octob] #bj1 #aeba74--;,drake4--,s>mi5to4--,cav5di%4- -,s*\t5 & ,le ,maire4--,byron4--,b\ga9ville4--,wallis & ,c>t]et4--,k+ & ,fitzroy4--,settlem5t at ,punta ,ar5as4--,increas+ ,passage ?r\gh ! ,/rait4--,a future ,highway ( ,comm]ce4 #djh ,,*apt] ,,xl4 ,,patagonia ,,& ,,! ,,patagonians4 ,diff]5ce ( ,climate betwe5 ,ea/ & ,we/ ,patagonia4-- ,extraord9>y ,aridity ( ,ea/ ,patagonia4--,zoology4--,! ,guanaco4--,! ,tucutuco4--,! ,patagonian ,ag\ti4--,vultures4-- ,! ,turkey-buzz>d4--,! ,c>ran*a4--,! ,*imango4-- ,d>w9's ,o/ri*4--,! ,patagonians4--,exagg]at$ ,acc\nts ( _! ,/ature4--,_! ,physiognomy & ,dress4--,religi\s ,ideas4--,sup]/itions4--,a/ronomical ,k4--,division into ,tribes4--,! ,t5t1 or ,toldo4--,trad+ ,r\tes4--,! great ,cacique4--,introduction ( ! ,horse4--,indu/ry4-- ,amusem5ts4--,"*4 #dag ,,*apt] ,,xli4 ,,! ,,fuegians4 ,_! mis]able ,condition4--,degradation ( ,body & ,m9d4-- ,p[]s ( ,mimicry4--,notions ( ,b>t]4--,causes ( _! l[ ,/ate ( ,cultivation4--,_! ,food4--,limpets4--,cytt>ia ,d>w9i4--,con/ant ,migrations4--,! ,fuegian ,wigwam4-- ,weapons4--,_! probable ,orig94--,_! ,numb]1 & v>i\s ,tribes4--,con/ant ,feuds4--,cannibalism4--,language4-- ,adv5tures ( ,fuegia ,basket1 ,jemmy ,button1 & ,york ,m9/]4-- ,mission>y ,labors4--,capta9 ,g>d9]4--,8 lam5table ,end4 #dbe ,,*apt] ,,xlii4 ,,*>les ,,francis ,,hall ,,& ,,! ,,innuits4 ,hall's ,exp$ition4--,8 e>ly ,life4--,8 read+ ( ,arctic ,adv5ture4--,8 ,resolve4--,8 ,arctic ,outfit4--,sets sail on ! 8,george ,h5ry40--,! ,voyage4--,kudlago4--,hol/e9borg1 ,gre5l&4--,population ( ,gre5l&4--,sails = ,davis's ,/rait4--,"* ( ! ,innuits4--,wreck ( ! 8,rescue40-- ,ebi]b+ & ,tookoolito4--,_! ,visit to ,engl&4--,hall's fir/ ,exploration4--,european & ,innuit ,life 9 ! ,arctic ,regions4--,build+ an ,igloo4--,almo/ ,/>v$4--,fight = ,food ) ,dogs4--,ebi]b+ arrives ) a ,seal4--,h[ he caught x4--,a ,seal-fea/4--,! ,innuits & ,seals4--,! ,pol> ,be>4--,h[ he tea*es ! ,innuits to cat* ,seals4-- ,at a ,seal-hole4--,dogs z ,seal-hunt]s4--,dogs & ,be>s4-- ,dogs & ,re9de]s4--,innuits & ,walruses4--,m ab\t ,igloos4--,innuit ,implem5ts4--,uses ( ! ,re9de]4-- ,innuit ,improvid5ce4--,a ,de]-fea/4--,a froz5 ,delicacy4-- ,:ale-sk9 z ,food4--,:ale-gum4--,h[ to eat ,:ale ,ligam5t4-- ,raw ,meat4--,! ,dress ( ! ,innuits4--,a pretty ,/yle4-- ,religi\s ,ideas ( ! ,innuits4--,_! k9dly ,"*4-- ,treatm5t ( ! ,ag$ & ,infirm4--,a ,woman ab&on$ to die4-- ,hall's ,attempt to rescue h]4--,! ,innuit ,nomads1 )\t any =m ( ,gov]nm5t4--,_! ,numb]s dim9i%+4--,a ,sailor w&]s away4--,hall's ,se>* = him4--,f9ds him froz5 to dea?4--,! ,%ip free f ,ice4--,prep>ations to return4-- ,reset 9 ! ,ice-pack4--,ano!r ,arctic ,w9t]4--,break+ up ( ! ,ice4--,dep>ture = ,home4--,tookoolito & h] ,*ild 8,butt]fly40--,dea? ( 8,butt]fly40--,arrival at ,home4-- ,results ( ,hall's ,exp$ition4--,innuit ,traditions4--,discov]y ( ,frobi%] ,relics4--,hall und]takes a second ,exp$ition4-- ,8 ,/atem5t ( its ,object & ,prospects4--,la/ ,tid+s ( ,hall4 #dcc ,,li/ ,,( ,,illu/rations4 ,,page #a4 ,esquimaux ,dog-team4 ,,hall4 #a #b4 ,! ,tundra ( ,sib]ia4 ,,atk9son4 #ag #c4 ,indian ,summ] ,encampm5t1 ,alaska4 ,,:ymp]4 #ah #d4 ,rocks & ,ice4 ,,hall4 #bj #e4 ,coa/ ( ,labrador4 ,,h>p]',s ,,mag4 #ba #f4 ,coa/ ( ,norway4 ,,br[ne4 #bb #g4 ,arctic ,=e/4 ,,lamont4 #bc #h4 ,v]ge ( ,=e/ ,region4 ,,h>p]',s ,,mag4 #bd #i4 ,=e/ ,conflagration4 ,,:ymp]4 #bf #aj4 ,arctic ,clo?+4 ,,h>p]',s ,,mag4 #bi #aa4 ,arctic ,moonlight4 ,,hall4 #cj #ab4 ,aurora se5 9 ,norway4 ,,h>p]',s ,,mag4 #ca #ac4 ,aurora se5 9 ,gre5l&4 ,,hall4 #cb #ad4 ,gr\p ( ,re9de]4 ,,lamont4 #ce #ae4 ,elks4 ,,wood4 #ci #af4 ,! ,musk-ox4 ,,wood4 #dj #ag4 ,argali4 ,,atk9son4 #da #ah4 ,! ,sn[y ,owl4 ,,wood4 #dc #ai4 ,b]nide ,goose4 ,,wood4 #dd #bj4 ,! ,sea-eagle4 ,,wood4 #dd #ba4 ,arctic ,navigation4 ,,h>p]',s ,,mag4 #de #bb4 ,among ,hummocks4 ,,h>p]',s ,,mag4 #df #bc4 ,drift+ on ! ,ice4 ,,h>p]',s ,,mag4 #dg #bd4 ,=ms ( ,iceb]gs4 ,,hall4 #dg #be4 ,go?ic ,iceb]gs4 ,,hall4 #dh #bf4 ,p9nacle ,iceb]gs4 ,,hall4 #dh #bg4 ,iceb]gs agr\nd4 ,,hall4 #di #bh4 ,iceb]gs & ,glaci]1 ,frobi%] ,bay4 ,,hall4 #ea #bi4 ,glaci]1 ,bute ,inlet4 ,,:ymp]4 #eb #cj4 ,scal+ an ,iceb]g4 ,,hall4 #ec #ca4 ,an ,arctic ,*annel4 ,,hall4 #ef #cb4 ,op5 ,wat]4 ,,hall4 #eg #cc4 ,glaci] ,dis*>g+4 ,,hall4 #eh #cd4 ,! ,:ale4 ,,wood4 #fj #ce4 ,! ,n>:al4 ,,wood4 #fa #cf4 ,walruses on ! ,ice4 ,,lamont4 #fc #cg4 ,home ( ! ,pol> ,be>4 ,,wood4 #ff #ch4 ,! ,gull4 ,,wood4 #fg #ci4 ,lava-fields4 ,,br[ne4 #fh #dj4 ,effigy 9 ,lava4 ,,br[ne4 #gj #da4 ,! ,/rokkr4 ,,br[ne4 #gb #db4 ,entrance to ! ,almannagja4 ,,br[ne4 #gc #dc4 ,! ,almannagja4 ,,br[ne4 #gd #dd4 ,! ,hrafnagja4 ,,br[ne4 #ge #de4 ,! ,t9tron ,rock4 ,,br[ne4 #ge #df4 ,fall ( ! ,ox]aa4 ,,br[ne4 #gf #dg4 ,icel&ic ,horses4 ,,br[ne4 #ha #dh4 ,%oot+ ,re9de]4 ,,lamont4 #hb #di4 ,! ,eid]-duck4 ,,wood4 #hc #ej4 ,! ,jyrfalcon4 ,,wood4 #he #ea4 ,! ,giant ,auk4 ,,wood4 #hf #eb4 ,ca!dral at ,reykjavik4 ,,br[ne4 #hi #ec4 ,?+valla1 ,lgb]g & ,almannagja4 ,,br[ne4 #ib #ed4 ,reykjavik1 ! ,capital ( ,icel&4 ,,br[ne4 #ih #ee4 ,gov]nor's ,resid5ce1 ,reykjavik4 ,,br[ne4 #ii #ef4 ,icel&ic ,h\ses4 ,,br[ne4 #ajc #eg4 ,*ur* at ,?+valla4 ,,br[ne4 #aje #eh4 ,! ,pa/or's ,h\se1 ,?+valla4 ,,br[ne4 #ajf #ei4 ,! ,pa/or ( ,?+valla4 ,,br[ne4 #ajg #fj4 ,bridge ,riv]1 ,icel&4 ,,br[ne4 #aaa #fa4 ,icel&ic ,bog4 ,,br[ne4 #aac #fb4 ,coa/ ( ,icel&4 ,,br[ne4 #aad #fc4 ,we/man ,isles4 ,,br[ne4 #aae #fd4 ,home ( ,sea-birds4 ,,br[ne4 #aag #fe4 ,fi%+ 9 ,norway4 ,,br[ne4 #abj #ff4 ,norwegian ,f>m4 ,,br[ne4 #abb #fg4 ,/eam+ along ! ,coa/4 ,,br[ne4 #abc #fh4 ,! ,puff94 ,,wood4 #abd #fi4 ,! ,dovrefjeld4 ,,br[ne4 #abg #gj4 ,midnight ,sun (f ,spitzb]g54 ,,duff]94 #aca #ga4 ,magdal5a ,bay1 ,spitzb]g54 ,,duff]94 #acd #gb4 ,burial 9 ,spitzb]g54 ,,duff]94 #aci #gc4 ,arctic ,fox4 ,,duff]94 #adj #gd4 ,*ase ( ! ,walrus4 ,,lamont4 #adc #ge4 ,a glimpse ( ,jan ,mey5's ,isl&4 ,,duff]94 #ade #gf4 ,a ,samoede ,prie/4 ,,atk9son4 #agi #gg4 ,banks ( ! ,irtys*4 ,,atk9son4 #ahe #gh4 ,gr\p ( ,kirghis4 ,,atk9son4 #ahh #gi4 ,view ( ,tagilsk4 ,,atk9son4 #aia #hj4 ,! ,bea* at ,nicolayevsk4 ,,h>p]',s ,,mag4 #aif #ha4 ,on ! ,amoor4 ,,h>p]',s ,,mag4 #aig #hb4 ,village on ! ,amoor4 ,,h>p]',s ,,mag4 #aih #hc4 ,koriak ,y\rt4 ,,h>p]',s ,,mag4 #aii #hd4 ,kam*atka ,sables4 ,,h>p]',s ,,mag4 #bja #he4 ,t>t> ,encampm5t4 ,,atk9son4 #bjd #hf4 ,sib]ian ,peasant4 ,,atk9son4 #bjg #hg4 ,view ( ,irkutsk4 ,,h>p]',s ,,mag4 #bji #hh4 ,a ,jakut ,village4 ,,h>p]',s ,,mag4 #bbi #hi4 ,b]+'s ,monum5t at ,petropavlosk4 ,,:ymp]4 #bdh #ij4 ,*ur* at ,petropavlosk4 ,,:ymp]4 #bed #ia4 ,view ( ,petropavlosk4 ,,h>p]',s ,,mag4 #beg #ib4 ,dogs ,fi%+4 ,,h>p]',s ,,mag4 #bei #ic4 ,dog-team4 ,,:ymp]4 #bei #id4 ,dogs ,t[+ ,boat4 ,,h>p]',s ,,mag4 #bfj #ie4 ,frame-"w ( ,t*ukt*i ,h\se4 ,,:ymp]4 #bfb #if4 ,t*ukt*i ,canoe4 ,,h>p]',s ,,mag4 #bfc #ig4 ,t*ukt*i ,pipe4 ,,:ymp]4 #bfd #ih4 ,an ,aleut4 ,,:ymp]4 #bfh #ii4 ,view ( ,sitka4 ,,:ymp]4 #bgj #ajj4 ,a ,baid>4 ,,h>p]',s ,,mag4 #bgb #aja4 ,=t ,/4 ,mi*ael4 ,,:ymp]4 #bgg #ajb4 ,! ,froz5 ,yukon4 ,,:ymp]4 #bgi #ajc4 ,"u-gr\nd ,h\se4 ,,:ymp]4 #bhj #ajd4 ,fi%-traps on ! ,yukon4 ,,:ymp]4 #bha #aje4 ,aurora at ,nulato4 ,,:ymp]4 #bhb #ajf4 ,break+ up ( ! ,ice4 ,,:ymp]4 #bhc #ajg4 ,=t ,yukon4 ,,:ymp]4 #bhe #ajh4 ,a ,de] ,corral4 ,,:ymp]4 #bhf #aji4 ,lip ,ornam5ts4 ,,h>p]',s ,,mag4 #bhg #aaj4 ,a ,baid>4 ,,h>p]',s ,,mag4 #bhh #aaa4 ,f\r-po/ ,c(f94 ,,:ymp]4 #bhh #aab4 ,tauana ,indian4 ,,:ymp]4 #bhi #aac4 ,w9t] ,hut ( ,hunt]s4 ,,milton4 #cji #aad4 ,=t ,edmonton1 ,nor? ,saskat*ewan4 ,,milton4 #caa #aae4 ,trad]'s ,camp4 ,,h>p]',s ,,mag4 #cab #aaf4 ,swamp =m$ by des]t$ ,beav] ,dam4 ,,milton4 #cad #aag4 ,hunt+ ,bison 9 ! ,sn[4 ,,h>p]',s ,,mag4 #cai #aah4 ,h]d ( ,bison4 ,,h>p]',s ,,mag4 #cbj #aai4 ,driv+ ,bison ov] a ,precipice4 ,,h>p]',s ,,mag4 #cba #abj4 ,wat*+ = ,crees4 ,,milton4 #cbb #aba4 ,a ,cree ,village4 ,,h>p]',s ,,mag4 #cbd #abb4 ,! ,albatross4 ,,wood4 #cif #abc4 ,/rait ( ,magellan4 ,,h>p]',s ,,mag4 #dje #abd4 ,a ,highway ( ,comm]ce4 ,,h>p]',s ,,mag4 #daf #abe4 ,patagonians4 ,,h>p]',s ,,mag4 #dag #abf4 ,coa/ ( ,fuegia4 ,,h>p]',s ,,mag4 #dbe #abg4 ,fuegian ,trad]s4 ,,h>p]',s ,,mag4 #dbg #abh4 ,a ,fuegian & 8 ,food4 ,,h>p]',s ,,mag4 #dbi #abi4 ,/>vation ,bea*4 ,,h>p]',s ,,mag4 #dcb #acj4 ,survey+ 9 ,gre5l&4 ,,hall4 #dcc #aca4 ,hall & ,companions1 9 ,innuit ,co/ume4 ,,hall4 #dcd #acb4 ,kudlago4 ,,hall4 #dcf #acc4 ,gre5l& ,curr5cy4 ,,hall4 #dcg #acd4 ,woman & ,*ild4 7,drawn & ,engrav$ by an ,,hall4 #dch ,innuit47 #ace4 ,fe/ival ( ! ,bir?day ( ! ,k+ ( ,,hall4 #dci ,d5m>k4 #acf4 ,prep>+ ,boot-soles4 ,,hall4 #ddj #acg4 ,wreck ( ! ,rescue4 ,,hall4 #dda #ach4 ,! ,george ,h5ry laid up = ! ,w9t]4 ,,hall4 #ddb #aci4 ,/orm-b\nd4 ,,hall4 #ddc #adj4 ,innuit ,/one ,lamp4 ,,hall4 #ddd #ada4 ,fight+ = ,food4 ,,hall4 #dde #adb4 ,?r\gh ! ,sn[4 ,,hall4 #ddf #adc4 ,wait+ by a ,seal-hole4 ,,hall4 #ddg #add4 ,look+ = ,seals4 ,,hall4 #ddh #ade4 ,innuit ,/rategy to ,capture a ,seal4 ,,hall4 #ddi #adf4 ,seal-hole & ,igloo4 ,,hall4 #dej #adg4 ,wait+ = a ,bl[4 ,,hall4 #dej #adh4 ,dog & ,seal4 ,,hall4 #dea #adi4 ,spe>+ ?r\gh ! ,sn[4 ,,hall4 #deb #aej4 ,dogs & ,be>4 ,,hall4 #dec #aea4 ,b>bek>k & ! ,re9de]4 ,,hall4 #ded #aeb4 ,head ( ,re9de]4 ,,hall4 #ded #aec4 ,spe>+ ! ,walrus4 ,,hall4 #dee #aed4 ,innuit ,igloos4 ,,hall4 #def #aee4 ,walrus ,skull & ,tusks4 ,,hall4 #deg #aef4 ,! ,woman's ,knife4 ,,hall4 #deg #aeg4 ,innuit ,implem5ts4 ,,hall4 #deh #aeh4 ,f9d+ ! ,dead4 ,,hall4 #dfa #aei4 ,innuit ,summ] ,village4 ,,hall4 #dfb #afj4 ,return+ to ! ,%ip4 ,,hall4 #dfc #afa4 ,ov] ! ,ice4 ,,hall4 #dfd #afb4 ,! ,froz5 ,sailor4 ,,hall4 #dfe #afc4 ,f>ewell ( ! ,innuits4 ,,hall4 #dfg ,,! ,,pol> ,,_w4 ,illu/ration3 #b4 ,,! ,,tundra ,,( ,,sib]ia4 ,,*apt] ,i4 ,,! ,,arctic ,,l&s4 ,! b>r5 ,gr\nds or ,tundri4--,abundance ( animal ,life on ! ,tundri 9 ,summ]4--,_! ,sil5ce & ,desolation 9 ,w9t]4-- ,protection af=d$ to ,vegetation by ! ,sn[4--,fl[]-gr[? 9 ! highe/ ,latitudes4--,"* ( ,tundra ,vegetation4-- ,s\!rn ,b\nd>y-l9e ( ! b>r5 ,gr\nds4--,_! ,ext5t4-- ,! =e/ ,zone4--,arctic ,trees4--,sl[ness ( _! ,gr[?4-- ,monotony ( ! ,nor!rn ,=e/s4--,mosquitoes4--,! v>i\s ,causes :i* det]m9e ! ,sev]ity ( an ,arctic ,climate4--,insul> & ,cont95tal ,position4--,curr5ts4--,w9ds4--,extremes ( ,cold obs]v$ by ,sir ,e4 ,bel*] & ,dr4 ,kane4--,h[ is ,man able to support ! ,rigors ( an ,arctic ,w9t]8--,pro(s ( a mild] ,climate hav+ once reign$ 9 ! ,arctic ,regions4--,its ,cause accord+ to ,dr4 ,oswald ,he]4--,peculi> ,beauties ( ! ,arctic ,regions4--,sunset4--,long lun> ,nights4--,! ,aurora4 ,a glance at a map ( ! ,arctic regions %[s u t _m ( ! riv]s belong+ to ! ?ree cont95ts--,europe1 ,asia1 ,am]ica-- dis*>ge _! wat]s into ! ,pol> ,ocean or its tribut>y bays4 ,! t]ritories dra9$ by ^! /reams1 "s ( :i* 7su* z ! ,mack5zie1 ! ,yukon1 ! ,l5a1 ! ,y5isei1 & ! ,obi7 rank among ! giant riv]s ( ! e>?1 =m1 along ) ! isl&s )9 or ne> ! ,arctic circle1 ! va/ region ov] :i* ! fro/-k+ reigns supreme4 ,man /yles himself ! "l ( ! e>?1 & may ) "s ju/ice lay claim to ! title 9 m g5ial l&s :]e1 arm$ ) ! pl\gh1 he compels ! soil to yield him a v>iety ( fruits2 b 9 ^? desolate tracts :i* are w9t]-b\nd dur+ ! great] "p ( ! ye>1 he is g5]ally a m]e w&]] ov] its surface--a hunt]1 a fi%]man1 or a h]dsman--& b few small settlem5ts1 sep>at$ f ea* o!r by imm5se des]ts1 give pro( ( 8 hav+ made "s weak attempts to e/abli% a foot+4 ,x is difficult to det]m9e ) precision ! limits ( ! ,arctic l&s1 s9ce _m c\ntries situat$ z l[ z latitude #fj or ev5 #ej1 su* z ,s\? ,gre5l&1 ,labrador1 ,alaska1 ,kam*atka1 or ! c\ntry ab\t ,lake ,baikal1 h 9 _! climate & productions a decid$ly ,arctic "*1 :ile o!rs ( a f> m nor!rn position1 su* z ! coa/ ( ,norway1 enjoy ev5 9 w9t] a rem>kably mild temp]ature4 ,b !y are naturally divid$ into two pr9cipal & well-m>k$ zones--t ( ! =e/s1 & t ( ! treeless wa/es4 ,illu/ration3 #c4 ,,indian ,,summ] ,,encampm5t1 ,,alaska4 ,! latt]1 compris+ ! isl&s )9 ! ,arctic ,circle1 =m a belt1 m or less broad1 b\nd$ by ! cont95tal %ores ( ! ,nor? ,pol> seas1 & gradually m]g+ t[>d ! s\? into ! =e/-region1 :i* encircles !m ) a g>l& ( ev]gre5 conif]4 ,?is treeless zone be>s ! "n ( ! 8b>r5 gr\nds10 or ! 8b>r5s10 9 ,nor? ,am]ica1 & ( 8tundri0 9 ,sib]ia & ,european ,russia4 ,its want ( trees is caus$ n s mu* by its high nor!rn latitude z by ! cold sea-w9ds :i* sweep un*eck$ ov] ! isl&s or ! flat coa/-l&s ( ! ,pol> ,ocean1 & = miles & miles compel ev5 ! h>die/ plant to cr\* be=e ! bla/ & creep along ! gr\nd4 ,no?+ c be m melan*oly ?an ! aspect ( ! b\ndless morasses or arid wa/es ( ! tundri4 ,d+y mosses & gray li*5s =m ! *ief vegetation1 & a few scanty grasses or dw>fi% fl[]s t may h f\nd a refuge 9 "s m %elt]$ spot are unable to relieve ! dull monotony ( ! sc5e4 ,9 w9t]1 :5 animal life has mo/ly retreat$ to ! s\? or s\ght a refuge 9 burr[s or 9 caves1 an awful sil5ce1 int]rupt$ only by ! hoot+ ( a sn[-owl or ! yelp+ ( a fox1 reigns ov] _! va/ expanse2 b 9 spr+1 :5 ! br[n e>? reappe>s f "u ! melt$ sn[ & ! swamps beg9 to ?aw1 enorm\s flights ( wild birds appe> ^u ! sc5e & enliv5 x = a few mon?s4 ,an admirable in/9ct leads _! w+$ legions f di/ant climes to ! ,arctic wild]nesses1 :]e 9 ! morasses or lakes1 on ! banks ( ! riv]s1 on ! flat /r&s1 or along ! fi%-teem+ coa/s1 !y f9d an abundance ( food1 & :]e at ! same "t !y c ) great] security build _! ne/s & re> _! "y4 ,"s rema9 on ! skirts ( ! =e/-region2 o!rs1 fly+ f>!r nor?w>d1 lay _! eggs ^u ! nak$ tundra4 ,eagles & hawks foll[ ! traces ( ! natatorial & /r& birds2 troops ( pt>migans roam among ! /unt$ bu%es2 & :5 ! sun %9es1 ! f9* or ! sn[-bunt+ w>bles 8 m]ry note4 ,:ile ?us ! w>m? ( summ] attracts ho/s ( migratory birds to ! ,arctic wild]nesses1 %oals ( salmon & /urgeons ent] ! riv]s 9 ob$i5ce to ! in/9ct t =ces !m to quit ! seas & to swim /ream upw>d1 = ! purpose ( deposit+ _! spawn 9 ! tranquil sweet wat]s ( ! /ream or lake4 ,ab\t ?is "t also ! re9de] leaves ! =e/s to fe$ on ! h]bs & li*5s ( ! tundra1 & to seek along ! %ores fann$ by ! cool$ sea-breeze "s protection aga9/ ! attacks ( ! /++ flies t rise 9 myriads f ! swamps4 ,?us dur+ sev]al mon?s ! tundra pres5ts an animat$ sc5e1 9 :i* man also plays 8 "p4 ,! birds ( ! air1 ! fi%es ( ! wat]1 ! bea/s ( ! e>?1 are all oblig$ to pay _! tribute to 8 v>i\s wants1 to appease 8 hung]1 to clo! 8 body1 or to gratify 8 gre$ ( ga94 ,b z soon z ! fir/ fro/s ( ,septemb] ann\nce ! approa* ( w9t]1 all animals1 ) b few exceptions1 ha/5 to leave a region :]e ! s\rces ( life mu/ soon fail4 ,! geese1 ducks1 & swans return 9 d5se flocks to ! s\?2 ! /r&-birds seek 9 "s l[] latitude a s(t] soil :i* all[s _! %>p beak to seize a burr[+ prey2 ! wat]-f[l =sake ! bays & *annels t w soon be block$ up ) ice2 ! re9de] once m return to ! =e/1 & 9 a %ort "t no?+ is left t c induce man to prolong 8 /ay 9 ! treeless pla94 ,soon a ?ick mantle ( sn[ cov]s ! h>d5$ e>?1 ! froz5 lake1 ! ice-b\nd riv]1 & conceals !m all--sev51 eight1 n9e mon?s long--"u its monoton\s pall1 except :]e ! furi\s nor?-ea/ w9d sweeps x away & lays b>e ! nak$ rock4 ,?is sn[1 :i* aft] x has once fall5 p]si/s until ! long summ]'s day has effectually ?aw$ x1 protects 9 an admirable mann] ! vegetation ( ! high] latitudes aga9/ ! cold ( ! long w9t] season4 ,= sn[ is s bad a conductor ( heat1 t 9 mid-w9t] 9 ! high latitude ( #gh #ej 7,r5ssela] ,bay71 :ile ! surface temp]ature 0 z l[ z -#cj1 ,kane f\nd at two feet deep a temp]ature ( -#h1 at f\r feet #b1 & at eight feet #bf1 or no m ?an six degrees bel[ ! freez+-po9t ( wat]4 ,?us cov]$ by a w>m cry/al sn[-mantle1 ! nor!rn plants pass ! long w9t] 9 a comp>atively mild temp]ature1 high en\gh to ma9ta9 _! life1 :ile1 )\t1 icy bla/s--capable ( conv]t+ m]cury into a solid body--h[l ov] ! nak$ wild]ness2 & z ! fir/ sn[-falls are m cellul> & less cond5s$ ?an ! ne>ly impalpable p[d] ( w9t]1 ,kane ju/ly obs]ves t no 8eid]-d[n 9 ! cradle ( an infant is tuck$ 9 m k9dly ?an ! sleep+-dress ( w9t] ab\t ! feeble plant-life ( ! ,arctic zone40 ,?anks to ?is protection1 & to ! influ5ce ( a sun :i* = mon?s circles above ! horizon1 & 9 favorable localities calls =? ! p[]s ( vegetation 9 an incr$ibly %ort "t1 ev5 ,wa%+ton1 ,gr9nell ,l&1 & ,spitzb]g5 are able to boa/ ( fl[]s4 ,morton pluck$ a crucif] at ,cape ,con/itution 7#hj #de' ,n4 lat471 &1 on ! banks ( ,m>y ,m9turn ,riv] 7#gh #eb'71 ,kane came across a fl[]-gr[? :i*1 ?\gh dre>ily ,arctic 9 its type1 0 ri* 9 v>iety & color+4 ,amid fe/uca & o!r tuft$ grasses tw9kl$ ! purple ly*nis & ! :ite /> ( ! *ickwe$2 &1 n )\t its pleas+ associations1 he recogniz$ a solit>y hesp]is--! ,arctic repres5tative ( ! wall-fl[]s ( home4 ,illu/ration3 #d4 ,,rocks ,,& ,,ice4 ,next to ! li*5s & mosses1 :i* =m ! *ief vegetation ( ! treeless zone1 ! crucif]1 ! grasses1 ! saxifragas1 ! c>yophyll1 & ! composit are ! families ( plants mo/ l>gely repres5t$1 9 ! b>r5 gr\nds or tundri4 ,?\gh vegetation becomes m & m uni=m on advanc+ to ! nor?1 yet ! numb] ( individual plants does n decrease4 ,:5 ! soil is mod]ately dry1 ! surface is cov]$ by a d5se c>pet ( li*5s 7,cornicul>i71 mix$ 9 damp] spots ) ,icel&ic moss4 ,9 m t5aci\s soils1 o!r plants fl\ri%1 n h[ev] to ! exclusion ( li*5s1 except 9 tracts ( mead[ gr\nd1 :i* occur 9 %elt]$ situations1 or 9 ! alluvial inundat$ flats :]e tall re$-grasses or dw>f will[s frequ5tly gr[ z closely z !y c /&4 ,illu/ration3 #e4 ,,coa/ ,,( ,,labrador4 ,x may easily be suppos$ t ! b\nd>y-l9e :i* sep>ates ! tundri f ! =e/ zone is bo? indi/9ct & irregul>4 ,9 "s p>ts :]e ! cold sea-w9ds h a wid] range1 ! b>r5 gr\nds encroa* consid]ably ^u ! limits ( ! =e/s2 9 o!rs1 :]e ! configuration ( ! l& prev5ts _! action1 ! woods advance f>!r to ! nor?4 ,illu/ration3 #f4 ,,coa/ ,,( ,,norway4 ,?us ! b>r5 gr\nds atta9 _! mo/ s\!rly limit 9 ,labrador1 :]e !y desc5d to latitude #eg1 & ?is is suffici5tly expla9$ by ! position ( t bleak p59sula1 b\nd$ on ?ree sides by icy seas1 & wa%$ by cold curr5ts f ! nor?4 ,on ! opposite coa/s ( ,hudson's ,bay !y beg9 ab\t #fj1 & !nce gradually rise t[>d ! m\? ( ! ,mack5zie1 :]e ! =e/s advance z high z #fh1 or ev5 /ill f>!r to ! nor? along ! l[ banks ( t riv]4 ,f ! ,mack5zie ! b>r5s aga9 desc5d until !y rea* ,b]+'s ,sea 9 #fe ,n4 ,on ! opposite or ,asiatic %ore1 9 ! l& ( ! ,t*ukt*i1 !y beg9 aga9 m to ! s\?1 9 #fc1 !nce cont9ually rise z f> z ! ,l5a1 :]e ,anj\ f\nd trees 9 #ga ,n41 & !n fall aga9 t[>d ! ,obi1 :]e ! =e/s d n ev5 rea* ! ,arctic circle4 ,f ! ,obi ! tundri retreat f>!r & f>!r to ! nor?1 until f9ally1 on ! coa/s ( ,norway1 9 latitude #gj1 !y t]m9ate ) ! l& itself4 ,h5ce we see t ! treeless zone ( ,europe1 ,asia1 & ,am]ica occupies a space l>g] ?an ! :ole ( ,europe4 ,ev5 ! ,african ,sah>a1 or ! ,pampas ( ,s\? ,am]ica1 are inf]ior 9 ext5t to ! ,sib]ian tundri4 ,b ! possession ( a few hundr$ squ>e miles ( fruitful t]ritory on ! s\?-we/]n fronti]s ( 8 va/ empire w\ld be ( great] value to ! ,cz> ?an t ( ^? b\ndless wa/es1 :i* are t5ant$ only by a few wret*$ pa/oral tribes1 or "s equally wret*$ fi%]m54 ,illu/ration3 #g4 ,,arctic ,,=e/4 ,! ,arctic =e/-regions are ( a /ill great] ext5t ?an ! va/ treeless pla9s :i* !y encircle4 ,:5 we consid] t !y =m an almo/ cont9u\s belt1 /ret*+ ?r\gh ?ree p>ts ( ! _w1 9 a bread? ( f #ae to #bj1 ev5 ! woods ( ! ,amazon1 :i* cov] a surface fifte5 times great] ?an t ( ! ,unit$ ,k+dom1 %r9k into comp>ative insignificance4 ,unlike ! tropical =e/s1 :i* are *>act]iz$ by an imm5se v>iety ( trees1 ^! nor!rn woods are almo/ entirely compos$ ( conif]1 & "o s+le k9d ( fir or p9e (t5 cov]s an imm5se ext5t ( gr\nd4 ,! ,european & ,asiatic species diff]1 h[ev]1 f ^? :i* gr[ 9 ,am]ica4 ,illu/ration3 #h4 ,,v]ge ,,( ,,=e/ ,,region4 ,?us 9 ! ,russian empire & ,sc&9avia we f9d ! ,scot* fir 7,p9us sylve/ris71 ! ,sib]ian fir & l>* 7,abies sibirica1 ,l>ix sibirica71 ! ,picea obovata1 & ! ,p9us cembra2 :ile 9 ! ,hudson's ,bay t]ritories ! woods pr9cipally consi/ ( ! :ite & black spruce 7,abies alba & nigra71 ! ,canadian l>* 7,l>ix canad5sis71 & ! gray p9e 7,p9us banksiana74 ,9 bo? cont95ts bir*-trees gr[ f>!r to ! nor? ?an ! conif]1 & ! dw>f will[s =m d5se ?ickets on ! %ores ( e riv] & lake4 ,v>i\s species ( ! s]vice-tree1 ! a%1 & ! eld] are also met ) 9 ! ,arctic =e/s2 & bo? "u ! %elt] ( ! woods & beyond _! limits1 nature1 z if to comp5sate = ! want ( fruit-trees1 produces 9 favorable localities an abundance ( bilb]ries1 bogb]ries1 cranb]ries1 etc4 7,empetrum1 ,vacc9ium71 ^: fruit is a great boon to man & bea/4 ,:5 congeal$ by ! autumnal fro/s1 ! b]ries frequ5tly rema9 hang+ on ! bu%es until ! sn[ melts 9 ! foll[+ ,june1 & are !n a consid]able res\rce to ! flocks ( wat]-f[l migrat+ to _! nor!rn bre$+-places1 or to ! be> awak5+ f 8 w9t] sleep4 ,ano!r di/9ctive "* ( ! =e/s ( ! high latitudes is _! app>5t y\?1 s t g5]ally ! travell] w\ld h>dly suppose !m to be m ?an fifty ye>s1 or at mo/ a c5tury old4 ,_! juv5ile appe>ance increases on advanc+ nor?w>d1 until sudd5ly _! decrepit age is reveal$ by ! ?ick bu%es ( li*5s :i* clo! or hang d[n f _! %rivell$ b\ghs4 ,f>!r to ! s\?1 l>ge trees are f\nd scatt]$ "h & !re1 b n s num]\s z to modify ! g5]al appe>ance ( ! =e/1 & ev5 ^! are m]e dw>fs :5 comp>$ ) ! gigantic firs ( m temp]ate climates4 ,?is ph5om5on is suffici5tly expla9$ by ! %ortness ( ! summ]1 :i*1 ?\gh able to br+ =? new %oots1 does n la/ long en\gh = ! =mation ( wood4 ,h5ce ! gr[? ( trees becomes sl[] & sl[] on advanc+ to ! nor?2 s t on ! banks ( ! ,great ,be> ,lake1 = in/ance1 #djj ye>s are necess>y = ! =mation ( a trunk n ?ick] ?an a man's wai/4 ,t[>d ! conf9es ( ! tundra1 ! woods are r$uc$ to /unt$ /ems1 cov]$ ) blight$ buds t h be5 unable to develop !mselves into bran*es1 & :i* prove by _! numb]s h[ frequ5tly & h[ va9ly !y h /riv5 aga9/ ! w9d1 until f9ally ! la/ remnants ( arboreal vegetation1 vanqui%$ by ! bla/s ( w9t]1 seek refuge "u a c>pet ( li*5s & mosses1 f :i* _! annual %oots h>dly v5ture to peep =?4 ,a ?ird peculi>ity :i* di/+ui%es ! =e/s ( ! nor? f ^? ( ! tropical _w is :at may be call$ _! h>mless "*4 ,!re ! travell] f9ds none ( ^? noxi\s plants ^: juices conta9 a deadly poison1 & ev5 ?orns & prickles are ( r>e occurr5ce4 ,no v5om\s snake glides ?r\gh ! ?icket2 no crocodile lurks 9 ! swamp2 & ! nor!rn bea/s ( prey--! be>1 ! lynx1 ! wolf--are f> less dang]\s & blood-?ir/y ?an ! l>ge felid ( ! torrid zone4 ,! comp>atively small numb] ( animals liv+ 9 ! ,arctic =e/s corresponds ) ! monotony ( _! vegetation4 ,"h we %\ld seek 9 va9 = t imm5se v>iety ( insects1 or ^? troops ( gaudy birds :i* 9 ! ,brazilian woods excite ! admiration1 & n unfrequ5tly cause ! despair ( ! w&]]2 "h we %\ld 9 va9 expect to he> ! clamor\s voices t res\nd 9 ! tropical ?ickets4 ,no noisy monkeys or qu>relsome p>rots settle on ! bran*es ( ! trees2 no %rill cicad or melan*oly goat-suck]s int]rupt ! solemn /illness ( ! night2 ! h[l ( ! hungry wolf1 or ! ho>se scree* ( "s solit>y bird ( prey1 are almo/ ! only s\nds t ev] di/urb ! repose ( ^! awful solitudes4 ,:5 ! tropical hurricane sweeps ov] ! virg9 =e/s1 x awak5s a ?\s& voices ( al>m2 b ! ,arctic /orm1 h[ev] furi\sly x may bl[1 sc>cely calls =? an e*o f ! dismal %ades ( ! p9e-woods ( ! nor?4 ,9 "o respect only ! =e/s & swamps ( ! nor!rn regions vie 9 abundance ( animal life ) ^? ( ! equatorial zone1 = ! legions ( gnats :i* ! %ort pol> summ] calls =? f ! ,arctic morasses are a no less intol]able plague ?an ! mosquitoes ( ! tropical m>%es4 ,illu/ration3 #i4 ,,=e/ ,,conflagration4 ,?\gh agriculture encroa*es b little ^u ! ,arctic woods1 yet ! ag5cy ( man is gradually work+ a *ange 9 _! aspect4 ,l>ge tracts ( =e/ are cont9ually wa/$ by ext5sive fires1 k9dl$ accid5tally or int5tionally1 :i* spread ) rapidity ov] a wide ext5t ( c\ntry1 & cont9ue to burn until !y are ext+ui%$ by a heavy ra94 ,soon] or lat] a new gr[? ( timb] spr+s up1 b ! soil1 be+ g5]ally enri*$ & saturat$ ) alkali1 n[ no long] br+s =? its aborig9al firs1 b gives bir? to a ?icket ( bee*es 7,betula alba7 9 ,asia1 or ( asp5s 9 ,am]ica4 ,! l9e ( p]petual sn[ may naturally be expect$ to desc5d l[] & l[] on advanc+ to ! pole1 & h5ce _m m\nta9\s regions or elevat$ plateaux1 su* z ! int]ior ( ,spitzb]g51 ( ,gre5l&1 ( ,nova ,zembla1 etc41 :i* 9 a m temp]ate clime w\ld be v]dant ) woods or mead[s1 are "h cov]$ ) va/ fields ( ice1 f :i* frequ5tly glaci]s desc5d d[n to ! v]ge ( ! sea4 ,b ev5 9 ! highe/ nor!rn latitudes1 no l& has yet be5 f\nd cov]$ z f> z ! wat]'s edge ) et]nal sn[1 or :]e w9t] has entirely subdu$ ! p[]s ( vegetation4 ,! re9de] ( ,spitzb]g5 f9d ne> #hj ,n4 li*5s or grasses to fe$ ^u2 9 favorable seasons ! sn[ melts by ! end ( ,june on ! pla9s ( ,melville ,isl&1 & num]\s lemm+s1 requir+ vegetable food = _! subsi/5ce1 inhabit ! des]ts ( ,new ,sib]ia4 ,z f> z man has rea*$ to ! nor?1 vegetation1 :5 fo/]$ by a %elt]$ situation & ! refraction ( sol> heat f ! rocks1 has ev]y:]e be5 f\nd to rise to a consid]able altitude above ! level ( ! sea2 & %\ld !re be l& at ! ,nor? ,pole1 !re is e reason to believe t x is de/itute nei!r ( animal nor vegetable life4 ,x w\ld be equally errone\s to suppose t ! cold ( w9t] inv>iably increases z we ne> ! pole1 z ! temp]ature ( a l& is influ5c$ by _m o!r causes besides its latitude4 ,ev5 9 ! mo/ nor!rn regions hi!rto visit$ by man1 ! influ5ce ( ! sea1 p>ticul>ly :5 favor$ by w>m curr5ts1 is f\nd to mitigate ! sev]ity ( ! w9t]1 :ile at ! same "t x dim9i%es ! w>m? ( summ]4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ! l>ge cont95tal tracts ( ,asia or ,am]ica t %elve t[>d ! pole h a m int5se w9t] cold & a f> great] summ]'s heat ?an _m coa/-l&s or isl&s situat$ f> ne>] to ! pole4 ,?us1 to cite b a few examples1 ! we/]n %ores ( ,nova ,zembla1 front+ a wide expanse ( sea1 h an av]age w9t] temp]ature ( only -#d1 & a mean summ] temp]ature b little above ! freez+-po9t ( wat] 7#cf71 :ile ,jakutsk1 situat$ 9 ! he>t ( ,sib]ia1 & #bj ne>] to ! ,equator1 has a w9t] ( -#cf #f'1 & a summ] ( #ff #f'4 ,! influ5ce ( ! w9ds is likewise ( consid]able importance 9 det]m9+ ! great] or less] sev]ity ( an ,arctic climate4 ,?us ! nor!rly w9ds :i* prevail 9 ,baff9's ,bay & ,davis's ,/raits dur+ ! summ] mon?s1 & fill ! /raits ( ! ,am]ican nor?-ea/]n ,ar*ipelago ) ice1 are probably ! ma9 cause ( ! abnormal depression ( temp]ature 9 t qu>t]2 :ile1 on ! contr>y1 ! s\!rly w9ds t prevail dur+ summ] 9 ! valley ( ! ,mack5zie t5d greatly to ext5d ! =e/ ( t favor$ region ne>ly d[n to ! %ores ( ! ,arctic ,sea4 ,ev5 9 ! dep? ( a ,sib]ian w9t]1 a sudd5 *ange ( w9d is able to raise ! !rmomet] f a m]cury-congeal+ cold to a temp]ature above ! freez+-po9t ( wat]1 & a w>m w9d has be5 kn[n to cause ra9 to fall 9 ,spitzb]g5 9 ! mon? ( ,janu>y4 ,! voyages ( ,kane & ,bel*] h made u acqua9t$ ) ! l[e/ temp]atures ev] felt by man4 ,on ,feb4 #e1 #ahed1 :ile ! =m] 0 w9t]+ 9 ,smi?'s ,s\nd 7#gh #cg' ,n4 lat471 ! mean ( 8 be/ _s-!rmomet] %[$ ! unexampl$ temp]ature ( -#fh or #ajj bel[ ! freez+-po9t ( wat]4 ,!n *loric e!r became solid1 & c>efully prep>$ *lor(orm exhibit$ a granul> pellicle on its surface4 ,! exhalations f ! sk9 inve/$ ! expos$ or p>tially clad p>ts ) a wrea? ( vapor4 ,! air _h a p]ceptible pung5cy ^u inspiration1 & e "o1 z x 7 involunt>ily1 brea!d gu>d$ly ) compress$ lips4 ,ab\t ! same "t 7,febru>y #i & #aj1 #ahed71 ,sir ,e4 ,bel*] exp]i5c$ a cold ( -#ee 9 ,well+ton ,*annel 7#ge #ca' ,n471 & ! /ill l[] temp]ature ( -#fb on ,janu>y #ac1 #ahec1 9 ,nor?umb]l& ,s\nd 7#gf #eb' ,n474 ,:ymp]1 on ,decemb] #f1 #ahff1 exp]i5c$ -#eh at ,nulatto1 ,alaska 7#fd #db' ,n474 ,:e!r ! temp]ature ( ! air desc5ds /ill l[] on advanc+ t[>d ! pole1 or :e!r ^! extreme degrees ( cold are n sometimes surpass$ 9 ^? m\nta9\s regions ( ! nor? :i*1 ?\gh se51 h nev] yet be5 explor$1 is ( c\rse an undecid$ "q3 s mu* is c]ta91 t ! obs]vations hi!rto made dur+ ! w9t] ( ! ,arctic regions h be5 limit$ to too %ort a "t1 & are too few 9 numb]1 to enable u to det]m9e ) any degree ( c]ta9ty ^? po9ts :]e ! greate/ cold prevails4 ,all we "k is1 t beyond ! ,arctic ,circle1 & eight or t5 degrees f>!r to ! s\? 9 ! int]ior ( ! cont95ts ( ,asia & ,am]ica1 ! av]age temp]ature ( ! w9t] g5]ally ranges f -#bj to -#cj1 or ev5 l[]1 & = a great "p ( ! ye> is able to conv]t m]cury into a solid body4 ,x may well be ask$ h[ man is able to be> ! excessively l[ temp]ature ( an ,arctic w9t]1 :i* mu/ appe> truly appall+ to an inhabitant ( ! temp]ate zone4 ,a ?ick fur clo?+2 a hut small & l[1 :]e ! w>m? ( a fire1 or simply ( a tra9-oil lamp1 is husb&$ 9 a n>r[ space1 &1 above all1 ! wond]ful p[] ( ! human con/itution to accommodate itself to e *ange ( climate1 g f> to c\nt]act ! rigor ( ! cold4 ,aft] a v few days ! body develops an increas+ w>m? z ! !rmomet] desc5ds2 = ! air be+ cond5s$ by ! cold1 ! lungs inhale at e brea? a great] quantity ( oxyg51 :i* ( c\rse accel]ates ! int]nal process ( combu/ion1 :ile at ! same "t an increas+ appetite1 gratifi$ ) a copi\s supply ( animal food1 ( fle% & fat1 enri*es ! blood & enables x to circulate m vigor\sly4 ,?us n only ! h>dy native ( ! nor?1 b ev5 ! heal?y travell] soon gets accu/om$ to be> )\t injury ! rigors ( an ,arctic w9t]4 8,! my/]i\s comp5sations10 says ,kane1 8by :i* we adapt ourselves to climate are m /rik+ "h ?an 9 ! tropics4 ,9 ! ,pol> zone ! assault is imm$iate & sudd51 &1 unlike ! insidi\s fatality ( hot c\ntries1 produces its results rapidly4 ,x requires h>dly a s+le w9t] to tell :o are to be ! heat-mak+ & acclimatiz$ m54 ,pet]s51 = in/ance1 :o has resid$ = two ye>s at ,up]navik1 seldom ent]s a room ) a fire4 ,ano!r ( our p>ty1 ,george ,riley1 ) a vigor\s con/itution1 e/abli%$ habits ( free exposure1 & active *e]ful temp]am5t1 has s inur$ himself to ! cold1 t he sleeps on our sl$ge j\rneys )\t a blanket or any o!r cov]+ ?an 8 walk+ suit1 :ile ! outside temp]ature is -#cj40 ,illu/ration3 #aj4 ,,arctic ,,clo?+4 ,!re are _m pro(s t a mild] climate once reign$ 9 ! nor!rn regions ( ! globe4 ,fossil pieces ( wood1 petrifi$ acorns & fir-cones h be5 f\nd 9 ! int]ior ( ,banks's ,l& by ,m',clure's sl$g+-p>ties4 ,at ,anak]dluk1 9 ,nor? ,gre5l& 7#gj ,n471 a l>ge =e/ lies buri$ on a m\nta9 surr\nd$ by glaci]s1 #ajhj feet above ! level ( ! sea4 ,n only ! trunks & bran*es1 b ev5 ! leaves1 fruit-cones1 & se$s h be5 pres]v$ 9 ! soil1 & enable ! botani/ to det]m9e ! species ( ! plants to :i* !y belong4 ,!y %[ t1 besides firs & sequoias1 oaks1 planta9s1 elms1 magnolias1 & ev5 laurels1 indicat+ a climate su* z t ( ,lausanne or ,g5eva1 fl\ri%$ dur+ ! mioc5e p]iod 9 a c\ntry :]e n[ ev5 ! will[ is compell$ to creep along ! gr\nd4 ,dur+ ! same epo* ( ! e>?'s hi/ory ,spitzb]g5 0 likewise cov]$ ) /ately =e/s4 ,! same popl>s & ! same swamp-cypress 7,taxodium dubium7 :i* !n fl\ri%$ 9 ,nor? ,gre5l& h be5 f\nd 9 a fossiliz$ /ate at ,bell ,s\nd 7#gf ,n47 by ! ,sw$i% naturali/s1 :o also discov]$ a planta9 & a l9d5 z high z #gh & #gi 9 ,k+'s ,bay--a pro( t 9 ^? times ! climate ( ,spitzb]g5 c n h be5 cold] ?an t :i* n[ reigns 9 ,s\!rn ,sw$5 & ,norway1 eighte5 degrees ne>] to ! l9e4 ,we "k t at pres5t ! fir1 ! popl>1 & ! bee* gr[ fifte5 degrees f>!r to ! nor? ?an ! planta9--& ! mioc5e p]iod no d\bt exhibit$ ! same proportion4 ,?us ! popl>s & firs :i* !n grew 9 ,spitzb]g5 along ) planta9s & l9d5s mu/ h rang$ z f> z ! pole itself1 suppos+ t po9t to be dry l&4 ,9 ! mioc5e times ! ,arctic zone evid5tly pres5t$ a v diff]5t aspect f t :i* x we>s at pres5t4 ,n[1 dur+ ! great] "p ( ! ye>1 an imm5se glacial des]t1 :i* ?r\gh its float+ b]gs & drift-ice depresses ! temp]ature ( c\ntries situat$ f> to ! s\?1 x !n consi/$ ( v]dant l&s cov]$ ) luxuriant =e/s & ba!d by an op5 sea4 ,:at may h be5 ! cause ( ^! amaz+ *anges ( climate8 ,! readie/ answ] seems to be--a diff]5t di/ribution ( sea & l&2 b !re is no reason to believe t 9 ! mioc5e times !re 0 less l& 9 ! ,arctic zone ?an at pres5t1 nor c any possible comb9ation ( wat] & dry l& be imag9$ suffici5t to acc\nt = ! gr[? ( laurels 9 ,gre5l& or ( planta9s 9 ,spitzb]g54 ,dr4 ,oswald ,he] is incl9$ to seek = an explanation ( ! ph5om5on1 n 9 m]e local t]re/rial *anges1 b 9 a diff]5ce ( ! e>?'s position 9 ! heav5s4 ,illu/ration3 #aa4 ,,arctic ,,moonlight4 ,we n[ "k t our sun1 ) 8 att5dant planets & satellites1 p]=ms a va/ circle1 embrac+ p]haps hundr$s ( ?\s&s ( ye>s1 r\nd ano!r />1 & t we are con/antly ent]+ new regions ( space untravell$ by our e>? be=e4 ,we come f ! unkn[n1 & plunge into ! unkn[n2 b s mu* is c]ta91 t our sol> sy/em rolls at pres5t ?r\gh a space b ?9ly peopl$ ) />s1 & !re is no reason to d\bt t x may once h w&]$ ?r\gh "o ( ^? cele/ial prov9ces :]e1 z ! telescope %[s u1 con/ellations are f> m d5sely clu/]$4 ,b1 z e /> is a blaz+ sun1 ! great] or less] numb] ( ^! heav5ly bodies mu/ evid5tly h a proportionate influ5ce ^u ! temp]ature ( space2 & ?us we may suppose t dur+ ! mioc5e p]iod our e>?1 be+ at t "t 9 a popul\s sid]eal region1 enjoy$ ! b5efit ( a high] temp]ature1 :i* clo!d ev5 its poles ) v]dure4 ,9 ! c\rse ( ages ! sun conduct$ 8 h]d ( planets into m solit>y & cold] regions1 :i* caus$ ! w>m mioc5e times to be foll[$ by ! glacial p]iod1 dur+ :i* ! ,swiss flat l&s bore an ,arctic "*1 & f9ally ! sun em]g$ into a space ( an int]m$iate "*1 :i* det]m9es ! pres5t condition ( ! climates ( our globe4 ,illu/ration3 #ab4 ,,aurora ,,se5 ,,9 ,,norway4 ,?\gh ,nature g5]ally we>s a m /]n & =bidd+ aspect on advanc+ t[>d ! pole1 yet ! high latitudes h _m beauties ( _! own4 ,no?+ c exce$ ! magnific5ce ( an ,arctic sunset1 clo?+ ! sn[-clad m\nta9s & ! skies ) all ! glories ( color1 or be m s]5ely beautiful ?an ! cle> />-light night1 illum9$ by ! brilliant moon1 :i* = days cont9ually circles ar\nd ! horizon1 nev] sett+ until %e has run h] long c\rse ( brightness4 ,! uni=m :it5ess ( ! l&scape & ! g5]al transp>5cy ( ! atmosph]e add to ! lu/re ( h] beams1 :i* s]ve ! natives to guide _! nomadic life1 & to lead !m to _! hunt+-gr\nds4 ,illu/ration3 #ac4 ,,aurora ,,se5 ,,9 ,,gre5l&4 ,b ( all ! magnific5t spectacles t relieve ! monoton\s gloom ( ! ,arctic w9t]1 !re is none to equal ! magical beauty ( ! ,aurora4 ,night cov]s ! sn[-clad e>?2 ! />s glimm] feebly ?r\gh ! haze :i* s frequ5tly dims _! brilliancy 9 ! high latitudes1 :5 sudd5ly a broad & cle> b[ ( light spans ! horizon 9 ! direction :]e x is trav]s$ by ! magnetic m]idian4 ,?is b[ sometimes rema9s = sev]al h\rs1 heav+ or wav+ to & fro1 be=e x s5ds =? /reams ( light asc5d+ to ! z5i?4 ,sometimes ^! fla%es proce$ f ! b[ ( light alone2 at o!rs !y simultane\sly %oot =? f _m opposite p>ts ( ! horizon1 & =m a va/ sea ( fire ^: brilliant waves are cont9ually *ang+ _! position4 ,f9ally !y all unite 9 a magnific5t cr[n or copula ( light1 ) ! appe>ance ( :i* ! ph5om5on atta9s its highe/ degree ( spl5dor4 ,! brilliancy ( ! /reams1 :i* are commonly r$ at _! base1 gre5 9 ! middle1 & light yell[ t[>d ! z5i?1 increases1 :ile at ! same "t !y d>t ) great] vivacity ?r\gh ! skies4 ,! colors are wond]fully transp>5t1 ! r$ approa*+ to a cle> blood-r$1 ! gre5 to a pale em]ald t9t4 ,on turn+ f ! flam+ firmam5t to ! e>?1 ?is also is se5 to gl[ ) a magical light4 ,! d>k sea1 black z jet1 =ms a /rik+ contra/ to ! :ite sn[-pla9 or ! di/ant ice-m\nta92 all ! outl9es tremble z if !y belong$ to ! unreal _w ( dreams4 ,! impos+ sil5ce ( ! night height5s ! *>ms ( ! magnific5t spectacle4 ,b gradually ! cr[n fades1 ! b[ ( light dissolves1 ! /reams become %ort]1 less frequ5t1 & less vivid2 & f9ally ! gloom ( w9t] once m desc5ds ^u ! nor!rn des]t4 ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,,arctic ,,l& ,,quadrup$s ,,& ,,birds4 ,! ,re9de]4--,/ructure ( its ,foot4--,clatt]+ ,noise :5 walk+4--,antl]s4--,extraord9>y olfactory ,p[]s4--,! ,icel&ic ,moss4--,pres5t & ,=m] ,range ( ! ,re9de]4-- ,its invaluable ,qualities z an ,arctic dome/ic ,animal4--,revolts aga9/ ,oppression4--,enemies ( ! ,re9de]4--,! ,wolf4--,! ,glutton or ,wolv]9e4--,gad-flies4--,! ,elk or ,moose-de]4--,! ,musk-ox4--,! ,wild ,%eep ( ! ,rocky ,m\nta9s4--,! ,sib]ian ,argali4--,! ,arctic ,fox4--,its ,burr[s4--,! ,lemm+s4--,_! ,migrations & ,enemies4--,arctic ,anatid4--,! ,sn[-bunt+4--,! ,lapl& ,bunt+4--,! ,sea-eagle4--,dr[n$ by a ,dolph94 ,! re9de] may well be call$ ! camel ( ! nor!rn wa/es1 = x is a no less valuable companion to ! ,lapl&] or to ! ,samoj$e ?an ! 8%ip ( ! des]t0 to ! w&]+ ,b$\94 ,x is ! only memb] ( ! num]\s de] family t has be5 dome/icat$ by man2 b ?\gh und\bt$ly ! mo/ useful1 x is by no means ! mo/ comely ( its race4 ,its cle>1 d>k eye has1 inde$1 a beautiful expression1 b x has nei!r ! noble proportions ( ! /ag nor ! grace ( ! roebuck1 & its ?ick squ>e-=m$ body is f> f be+ a model ( elegance4 ,its legs are %ort & ?ick1 its feet broad1 b extremely well adapt$ = walk+ ov] ! sn[ or on a swampy gr\nd4 ,! front ho(s1 :i* are capable ( great lat]al expansion1 curve upw>d1 :ile ! two second>y ones beh9d 7:i* are b slightly develop$ 9 ! fall[ de] & o!r memb]s ( ! family7 are consid]ably prolong$3 a /ructure :i*1 by giv+ ! animal a broad] base to /& ^u1 prev5ts x f s9k+ too deeply into ! sn[ or ! morass4 ,_h ! foot ( ! re9de] be5 =m$ l t ( our /ag1 x w\ld h be5 z unable to drag ! ,lapl&]'s sl$ge ) su* velocity ov] ! yield+ sn[-fields z ! camel w\ld be to p]=m 8 long m>*es ?r\gh ! des]t )\t ! broad ela/ic sole-pad on :i* he firmly paces ! un/able s&s4 ,! %ort legs & broad feet ( ! re9de] likewise enable x to swim ) great] ease--a p[] ( no small importance 9 c\ntries ab\nd+ 9 riv]s & lakes1 & :]e ! sc>city ( food r5d]s p]petual migrations necess>y4 ,:5 ! re9de] walks or m]ely moves1 a rem>kable clatt]+ s\nd is he>d to "s di/ance1 ab\t ! cause ( :i* naturali/s & travell]s by no means agree4 ,mo/ probably x results f ! great l5g? ( ! two digits ( ! clov5 ho(1 :i* :5 ! animal sets its foot ^u ! gr\nd sep>ate widely1 & :5 x aga9 raises its ho( sudd5ly clap aga9/ ea* o!r4 ,a long mane ( a dirty :ite color hangs f ! neck ( ! re9de]4 ,9 summ] ! body is br[n above & :ite b5ea?2 9 w9t]1 long-hair$ & :ite4 ,its antl]s are v diff]5t f ^? ( ! /ag1 hav+ broad palmat$ summits1 & bran*+ back to ! l5g? ( ?ree or f\r feet4 ,_! weight is frequ5tly v consid]able--tw5ty or tw5ty-five p\nds2 & x is rem>kable t bo? sexes h horns1 :ile 9 all o!r memb]s ( ! de] race ! males alone are 9 possession ( ?is ornam5t or weapon4 ,illu/ration3 #ad4 ,,gr\p ,,( ,,re9de]4 ,! female br+s =? 9 ,may a s+le calf1 r>ely two4 ,?is is small & weak1 b aft] a few days x foll[s ! "m1 :o suckles h] "y b a %ort "t1 z x is soon able to seek & to f9d its food4 ,! re9de] gives v little milk--at ! v utmo/1 aft] ! "y has be5 wean$1 a bottleful daily2 b ! quality is excell5t1 = x is uncommonly ?ick & nutriti\s4 ,x consi/s almo/ entirely ( cream1 s t a great deal ( wat] c be add$ be=e x becomes inf]ior to ! be/ c[-milk4 ,its ta/e is excell5t1 b ! butt] made f x is rancid1 & h>dly to be eat51 :ile ! *eese is v good4 ,! only food ( ! re9de] dur+ w9t] consi/s ( moss1 & ! mo/ surpris+ circum/ance 9 8 hi/ory is ! in/9ct1 or ! extraord9>y olfactory p[]s1 :]eby he is enabl$ to discov] x :5 hidd5 b5ea? ! sn[4 ,h[ev] deep ! ,li*5 rangif]9us may be buri$1 ! animal is aw>e ( its pres5ce ! mom5t he comes to ! spot1 & ?is k9d ( food is nev] s agreeable to him z :5 he digs = x himself4 ,9 8 mann] ( do+ ?is he is rem>kably adroit4 ,hav+ fir/ asc]ta9$1 by ?ru/+ 8 muzzle into ! sn[1 :e!r ! moss lies bel[ or n1 he beg9s mak+ a hole ) 8 =e feet1 & cont9ues work+ until at l5g? he uncov]s ! li*54 ,no in/ance has ev] occurr$ ( a re9de] mak+ su* a cavity )\t discov]+ ! moss he seeks4 ,9 summ] _! food is ( a diff]5t nature2 !y are !n pa/ur$ ^u gre5 h]bs or ! leaves ( trees4 ,judg+ f ! li*5's appe>ance 9 ! hot mon?s1 :5 x is dry & brittle1 "o might easily wond] t s l>ge a quadrup$ z ! re9de] %\ld make x 8 favorite food & fatt5 ^u x2 b t[>d ! mon? ( ,septemb] ! li*5 becomes s(t1 t5d]1 & damp1 ) a ta/e l :eat-bran4 ,9 ?is /ate its luxuriant & fl[]y ramifications some:at resemble ! leaves ( endive1 & are z :ite z sn[4 ,?\gh dome/icat$ s9ce "t immemorial1 ! re9de] has only p>tly be5 br\ght "u ! yoke ( man1 & w&]s 9 l>ge wild h]ds bo? 9 ! ,nor? ,am]ican wa/es1 :]e x has nev] yet be5 r$uc$ to s]vitude1 & 9 ! =e/s & tundras ( ! ,old ,_w4 ,9 ,am]ica1 :]e x is call$ 8c>ib\10 x ext5ds f ,labrador to ,melville ,isl& & ,wa%+ton ,l&2 9 ,europe & ,asia x is f\nd f ,lapl& & ,norway1 & f ! m\nta9s ( ,mongolia & ! banks ( ! ,ufa1 z f> z ,nova ,zembla & ,spitzb]g54 ,_m c5turies ago--probably dur+ ! glacial p]iod--its range 0 /ill m ext5sive1 z re9de] bones are frequ5tly f\nd 9 ,fr5* & ,g]man caves1 & be> te/imony to ! sev]ity ( ! climate :i* at t "t reign$ 9 ,c5tral ,europe2 = ! re9de] is a cold-lov+ animal1 & w n ?rive "u a mild] sky4 ,all attempts to prolong its life 9 our zoological g>d5s h fail$1 & ev5 9 ! royal p>k at ,/ockholm ,hoggu] saw "s ( ^! animals1 :i* 7 q languid & emaciat$ dur+ ! summ]1 al?\gh c>e _h be5 tak5 to provide !m ) a cool grotto to :i* !y c\ld retire dur+ ! w>m] h\rs ( ! day4 ,9 summ] ! re9de] c enjoy heal? only 9 ! fre% m\nta9 air or along ! brac+ sea-%ore1 & has z great a long+ = a l[ temp]ature z man = ! g5ial w>m? ( 8 fireside 9 w9t]4 ,! re9de] is easily tam$1 & soon gets accu/om$ to its ma/]1 ^: society x loves1 attract$ z x 7 by a k9d ( innate sympa?y2 =1 unlike all o!r dome/ic animals1 x is by no means dep5d5t on man = its subsi/5ce1 b f9ds its n\ri%m5t alone1 & w&]s ab\t freely 9 summ] & 9 w9t] )\t ev] be+ inclos$ 9 a /able4 ,^! qualities are ine/imable 9 c\ntries :]e x w\ld be utt]ly impossible to keep any dome/ic animal requir+ %elt] & /ores ( provisions dur+ ! long w9t] mon?s1 & make ! re9de] ! fit companion ( ! nor!rn nomad1 ^: simple wants x almo/ :olly supplies4 ,dur+ 8 w&]+s1 x c>ries 8 t5t & scanty h\sehold furniture1 or drags 8 sl$ge ov] ! sn[4 ,on acc\nt ( ! weakness ( its back-bone1 x is less fit = rid+1 & requires to be m\nt$ ) c>e1 z a viol5t %ock easily dislocates its v]tebral column2 ! saddle is plac$ on ! haun*es4 ,y w\ld h>dly suppose ! re9de] to be ! same animal :5 languidly creep+ along "u a rid]'s weight1 z :51 un5cumb]$ by a load1 x vaults ) ! lightness ( a bird ov] ! ob/acles 9 its way to obey ! call ( its ma/]4 ,! re9de] c be easily tra9$ to drag a sl$ge1 b great c>e mu/ be tak5 n to beat or o!rwise ill-treat x1 z x !n becomes ob/9ate1 & q unmanageable4 ,:5 =c$ to drag too heavy a load1 or tax$ 9 any way above its /r5g?1 x n seldom turns r\nd ^u its tyrant1 & attacks him ) its horns & =e feet4 ,to save himself f its fury1 he is !n oblig$ to ov]turn 8 sl$ge1 & to seek a refuge "u its bottom until ! rage ( ! animal has abat$4 ,aft] ! dea? ( ! re9de]1 x may truly be said t e "p ( its body is put to "s use4 ,! fle% is v good1 & ! tongue & m>r[ are consid]$ a great delicacy4 ,! blood1 ( :i* n a drop is all[$ to be lo/1 is ei!r drunk w>m or made up into a k9d ( black pudd+4 ,! sk9 furni%es n only clo?+ imp]vi\s to ! cold1 b t5ts & b$d+2 & spoons1 knife-h&les1 & o!r h\sehold ut5sils are made out ( ! bones & horns2 ! latt] s]ve also1 l ! claws1 = ! prep>ation ( an excell5t glue1 :i* ! ,*9ese1 :o buy !m = ?is purpose ( ! ,russians1 use z a nutriti\s jelly4 ,9 ,tornea ! sk9s ( new-born re9de] are prep>$ & s5t to ,/4 ,pet]sburg to be manufactur$ into gloves1 :i* are extremely s(t1 b v de>4 ,?us ! cocoa-nut palm1 ! tree ( a hundr$ uses1 h>dly r5d]s a great] v>iety ( s]vices to ! isl&]s ( ! ,indian ,ocean ?an ! re9de] to ! ,lapl&] or ! ,samoj$e2 &1 to ! honor ( ^! b>b>ians be x m5tion$1 !y treat _! invaluable fri5d & companion ) a grateful affection :i* might s]ve z an example to f> m civiliz$ nations4 ,! re9de] atta9s an age ( f tw5ty to tw5ty-five ye>s1 b 9 its dome/icat$ /ate x is g5]ally kill$ :5 f six to t5 ye>s old4 ,its mo/ dang]\s enemies are ! wolf1 & ! glutton or wolv]9e 7,gulo borealis or arcticus71 :i* belongs to ! blood?ir/y m>t5 & weasel family1 & is said to be ( uncommon fi]c5ess & /r5g?4 ,x is ab\t ! size ( a l>ge badg]1 betwe5 :i* animal & ! pole-cat x seems to be int]m$iate1 ne>ly resembl+ ! =m] 9 its g5]al figure & aspect1 & agree+ ) ! latt] z to its d5tition4 ,no dog is capable ( ma/]+ a glutton1 & ev5 ! wolf is h>dly able to sc>e x f its prey4 ,its feet are v %ort1 s t x c n run swiftly1 b x climbs ) great facility ^u trees1 or asc5ds ev5 almo/ p]p5dicul> rock-walls1 :]e x also seeks a refuge :5 pursu$4 ,:5 x p]ceives a h]d ( re9de] br[s+ ne> a wood or a precipice1 x g5]ally lies 9 wait ^u a bran* or "s high cliff1 & spr+s d[n ^u ! fir/ animal t comes )9 its rea*4 ,sometimes also x /eals unaw>es ^u its prey1 & sudd5ly b\nd+ ^u its back1 kills x by a s+le bite 9 ! neck4 ,_m fables wor?y ( ,mn*aus5 h be5 told ab\t its voracity2 = in/ance1 t x is able to dev\r two re9de] at "o meal1 & t1 :5 its /oma* is exorbitantly di/5d$ ) food1 x w press itself betwe5 two trees or /ones to make room = a new repa/4 ,x w1 inde$1 kill 9 "o night six or eight re9de]1 b x cont5ts itself ) suck+ _! blood1 z ! weasel does ) f[ls1 & eats no m at "o meal ?an any o!r c>nivor\s animal ( its own size4 ,besides ! attacks ( its mighti] enemies1 ! re9de] is subject to ! p]secutions ( two species ( gad-fly1 :i* torm5t x exce$+ly4 ,! "o 7/rus t>&i71 call$ ,hurbma by ! ,lapl&]s1 deposits its glut9\s eggs ^u ! animal's back4 ,! l>v1 on creep+ out1 imm$iately bore !mselves into ! sk91 :]e by _! motion & suction !y cause s _m small swell+s or boils1 :i* gradually gr[ to ! size ( an in* or m 9 diamet]1 ) an op5+ at ! top ( ea*1 ?r\gh :i* ! l>v may be se5 imb$d$ 9 a purul5t fluid4 ,frequ5tly ! :ole back ( ! animal is cov]$ ) ^! boils1 :i*1 by dra9+ its fluids1 produce emaciation & disease4 ,z if aw>e ( ?is dang]1 ! re9de] runs wild & furi\s z soon z x he>s ! buzz+ ( ! 'fly1 & seeks a refuge 9 ! ne>e/ wat]4 ,! o!r species ( gad-fly 7/rus nasalis7 lays its eggs 9 ! no/rils ( ! re9de]2 & ! l>v1 bor+ !mselves into ! fauces & b5ea? ! tongue ( ! poor animal1 are a great s\rce ( annoyance1 z is %[n by its frequ5t sniffl+ & %ak+ ( ! head4 ,a pe/il5tial disord] l ! r9d]pe/ w sometimes sweep away :ole h]ds4 ,?us 9 a few weeks a ri* ,lapl&] or ,samoj$e may be r$uc$ to pov]ty1 & ! pr\d possessor ( sev]al ?\s&s ( re9de] be compell$ to seek ! prec>i\s livelihood ( ! nor!rn fi%]man4 ,! elk or moose-de] 7,c]vus alces7 is ano!r memb] ( ! c]v9e race peculi> to ! =e/s ( ! nor?4 ,9 size x is f> sup]ior to ! /ag1 b x c n boa/ ( an elegant %ape1 ! head be+ disproportionately l>ge1 ! neck %ort & ?ick1 & its imm5se horns1 :i* sometimes weigh ne> fifty p\nds1 ea* dilat+ almo/ imm$iately f ! base into a broad palmat$ =m2 :ile its long legs1 high %\ld]s1 & heavy upp] lip hang+ v mu* ov] ! l[]1 give x an unc\? appe>ance4 ,! color ( ! elk is a d>k grayi%-br[n1 b mu* pal] on ! legs & b5ea? ! tail4 ,illu/ration3 #ae4 ,,elks ,we owe ! fir/ description ( ?is gigantic de] to ,julius ,cs>1 9 ^: "t x 0 /ill a common inhabitant ( ! ,g]man =e/s4 ,b ! conqu]or ( ,gaul c h>dly h se5 x himself1 or he w\ld n h ascrib$ to x a s+le horn1 plac$ 9 ! middle ( ! =ehead1 or said t bo? sexes are p]fectly alike1 = ! female is small] & has no antl]s4 ,at pres5t ! elk is /ill f\nd 9 ! swampy =e/s ( ,ea/ ,prussia1 ,li?uania1 & ,pol&1 b x *iefly resides 9 ! m nor!rn woods ( ,russia1 ,sib]ia1 & ,am]ica4 ,x is a mild & h>mless animal1 pr9cipally support+ itself by br[s+ ! b\ghs ( will[s1 asps1 s]vice-trees1 & o!r s(t species ( wood4 ,x does n1 l ! re9de]1 seek a refuge aga9/ ! attacks ( ! gad-flies1 by w&]+ to ! coa/s ( ! sea1 or retreat+ to ! b>e m\nta9s1 :]e x w\ld soon p]i% = ! want ( adequate food1 b plunges up to ! nose into ! next riv]1 :]e x f9ds1 moreov]1 a species ( wat]-grass 7,fe/uca fluitans7 :i* x likes to fe$ ^u4 ,?\gh naturally mild & h>mless1 x displays a high degree ( c\rage1 & ev5 f]ocity :5 sudd5ly attack$2 def5d+ itself ) great vigor1 n only ) its horns1 b also by /rik+ viol5tly ) its =e feet1 9 ! use ( :i* x is p>ticul>ly dext]\s4 ,x is g5]ally caught 9 traps1 z x is extremely %y & wat*ful1 & f9ds an easy retreat 9 ! swamp or ! =e/4 ,! only "t ( ! ye> :5 x c be easily *as$ is 9 ! spr+1 :5 ! s(t5$ sn[ gets cov]$ dur+ ! night ) a ?9 cru/ ( ice :i* is too weak to be> ! animal's weight4 ,?\gh n rang+ s f> nor? z ! re9de] or ! elk1 we f9d 9 ! ,old ,_w ! r$-de] 7,c]vus elaphus71 9 ! vic9ity ( ,dron!im1 9 ,norway1 & along ) ! roebuck beyond ,lake ,baikal1 9 ,sib]ia1 :ile 9 ,am]ica ! l>ge-e>$ de] 7,c]vus macrotis71 & ! ,wapiti1 or ,canada /ag 7,c]vus /rongylo-c]as71 ext5d _! excursions beyond #ee ( nor!rn latitude4 ,! latt] is mu* l>g] & ( a /rong] make ?an ! ,european r$-de]1 frequ5tly gr[+ to ! height ( our talle/ ox51 & possess+ great activity z well z /r5g?4 ,! fle% is little priz$1 b ! hide1 :5 made into lea!r aft] ! ,indian fa%ion1 is said n to turn h>d 9 dry+ aft] be+ wet--a quality :i* ju/ly entitles x to a pref]5ce ov] almo/ e o!r k9d ( lea!r4 ,illu/ration3 #af4 ,,! ,,musk-,,ox4 ,"o ( ! mo/ rem>kable quadrup$s ( ! high nor!rn regions is ! musk-ox 7,ovibos mos*atus71 :i* by "s naturali/s has be5 consid]$ z int]m$iate betwe5 ! %eep & ! ox4 ,x is ab\t ! height ( a de]1 b ( mu* /\t] proportions4 ,! horns are v broad at ! base1 almo/ meet+ on ! =ehead1 & curv+ d[nw>d betwe5 ! eye & e>s until ab\t ! level ( ! m\?1 :5 !y turn upw>d4 ,its long ?ick br[n or black hair hang+ d[n bel[ ! middle ( ! leg1 & cov]+ on all p>ts ( ! animal a f9e k9d ( s(t a%-color$ wool1 :i* is ( ! f9e/ description1 & capable ( =m+ ! mo/ beautiful fabrics manufactur$1 enables x to rema9 ev5 dur+ ! w9t] beyond #gj ( nor!rn latitude4 ,9 spr+ x w&]s ov] ! ice z f> z ,melville ,isl&1 or ev5 ,smi?'s ,s\nd1 :]e a numb] ( its bones 7 f\nd by ,dr4 ,kane4 ,9 ,septemb] x )draws m to ! s\?1 & sp5ds ! colde/ mon?s on ! v]ge ( ! =e/ region4 ,l ! re9de]1 x subsi/s *iefly on li*5s & grasses4 ,x runs nimbly1 & climbs hills & rocks ) great ease4 ,its fossil rema9s1 or ^? ( a v analog\s species1 h be5 discov]$ 9 ,sib]ia3 at pres5t x is exclusively conf9$ to ! ,new ,_w4 ,9 ! ,rocky ,m\nta9s1 f ! ,mexican ,cordill]a plateaux z f> z #fh ,n4 lat41 dwells ! wild %eep 7,ovis montana71 di/+ui%$ by ! almo/ circul> b5d ( its l>ge1 triangul>1 transv]sely /rip$ horns1 f its relative ! ,sib]ian argali 7,ovis argali71 :i* is suppos$ to be ! p>5t ( our dome/ic %eep1 & f> surpasses x 9 size & delicacy ( fle%4 ,bo? ! ,am]ican & ! ,asiatic wild %eep are 9 ! highe/ degree active & vigor\s1 asc5d+ abrupt precipices ) great agility1 &1 l ! wild goat1 go+ ov] ! n>r[e/ & mo/ dang]\s passes ) p]fect safety4 ,among ! c>nivor\s quadrup$s ( ! nor!rn regions1 _m1 l ! lynx1 ! wolf1 ! be>1 ! glutton1 & o!r memb]s ( ! weasel tribe1 h _! head-qu>t]s 9 ! =e/s1 & only occasionally roam ov] ! tundras2 b ! ,arctic fox 7,canis lagopus7 almo/ exclusively inhabits ! treeless wa/es t fr+e ! ,pol> ,ocean1 & is f\nd on almo/ all ! isl&s t lie buri$ 9 its bosom4 ,?is pretty little creature1 :i* 9 w9t] gr[s p]fectly :ite1 kn[s h[ to protect itself aga9/ ! mo/ int5se cold1 ei!r by seek+ a refuge 9 ! clefts ( rocks1 or by burr[+ to a consid]able dep? 9 a s&y soil4 ,x pr9cipally preys ^u lemm+s1 /oats1 pol> h>es1 z well z ^u all k9ds ( wat]-f[l & _! eggs2 b :5 p9*$ by hung]1 x does n disda9 ! c>casses ( fi%1 or ! molluscs & cru/aceans x may *ance to pick up on ! %ore4 ,its enemies are ! glutton1 ! sn[y owl1 & man1 :o1 f ! ,equator to ! poles1 leaves no creature unmole/$ t c 9 any way satisfy 8 wants4 ,illu/ration3 #ag4 ,,argali4 ,! lemm+s1 ( :i* !re are _m species1 are small rod5ts1 peculi> to ! ,arctic regions1 bo? 9 ! ,new & 9 ! ,old ,_w1 :]e !y are f\nd z f> to ! nor? z vegetation ext5ds4 ,!y live on grass1 roots1 ! %oots ( ! will[1 & ! dw>f bir*1 b *iefly on li*5s4 ,!y d n ga!r ho>ds ( provisions = ! w9t]1 b live ^u :at !y f9d b5ea? ! sn[4 ,!y seldom prove injuri\s to man1 z ! regions !y inhabit are g5]ally situat$ beyond ! limits ( agriculture4 ,f ! voles1 to :om !y are closely alli$1 !y are di/+ui%$ by hav+ ! foot-sole cov]$ ) /iff hairs1 & by ! /rong crook$ claws ) :i* _! =e feet are arm$4 ,! be/ kn[n species is ! ,norwegian lemm+ 7,lemmus norwegicus71 :i* is f\nd on ! high m\nta9s ( ! ,dovrefjeld1 & f>!r to ! nor? on ! dry p>ts ( ! tundra1 :]e x inhabits small burr[s "u /ones or 9 ! moss4 ,its long & ?ick hair is ( a tawny color1 & prettily m>k$ ) black spots4 ,! migrations ( ! lemm+ h be5 grossly exagg]at$ by ,olaus ,magnus & ,pontoppidan1 to :om ! natural hi/ory ( ! ,nor? owes s _m fables4 ,z !y bre$ sev]al times 9 ! ye>1 produc+ five or six at a bir?1 !y ( c\rse multiply v fa/ "u favorable circum/ances1 & are !n =c$ to leave ! di/rict :i* is no long] able to af=d !m food4 ,b ?is takes place v seldom1 = :5 ,mr4 ,brehm visit$ ,sc&9avia1 ! p on ! ,dovrefjeld knew no?+ ab\t ! migrations ( ! lemm+1 & 8 inquiries on ! subject prov$ equally fruitless 9 ,lapl& & 9 ,f9l&4 ,at all ev5ts1 x is a =tunate circum/ance t ! lemm+s h s _m enemies1 z _! rapid multiplication might else endang] ! balance ( exi/5ce 9 ! nor!rn regions4 ,! inclem5cies ( ! climate are a *ief means = keep+ !m 9 *eck4 ,a wet summ]1 an e>ly cold & sn[less autumn de/roy !m by millions1 & !n ( c\rse ye>s are necess>y to recruit _! numb]s4 ,) ! exception ( ! be> & ! h$gehog1 !y are pursu$ by all ! nor!rn c>nivora4 ,! wolf1 ! fox1 ! glutton1 ! m>t51 ! erm9e dev\r !m ) avidity1 & a good lemm+ season is a "t ( unusual pl5ty = ! hungry ,lapl&]'s dog4 ,! sn[y owl1 ^: d5se plumage enables x to be a con/ant resid5t on ! tundra1 almo/ exclusively frequ5ts ^? places :]e lemm+s1 its favorite food1 are to be f\nd2 ! buzz>ds are con/antly active 9 _! de/ruction2 ! cr[ fe$s its "y ) lemm+s2 & ev5 ! poor ,lap1 :5 press$ by hung]1 seizes a /ick1 &1 = want ( bett] game1 goes out lemm+-hunt+1 & rejoices :5 he c kill a suffici5t numb] = 8 d9n]4 ,illu/ration3 #ah4 ,,! ,,sn[y ,,owl4 ,sev]al birds1 su* z ! sn[y owl & ! pt>migan 7,lagopus albus71 :i* c easily procure its food "u ! sn[1 w9t] 9 ! highe/ latitudes2 b by f> ! great] numb] are m]ely summ] visitants ( ! ,arctic regions4 ,aft] ! little bunt+1 ! fir/ arrivals 9 spr+ are ! sn[-geese1 :o likewise are ! fir/ to leave ! dre>y regions ( ! nor? on _! s\!rly migration4 ,! common & k+ eid]-duck1 ! ,br5t geese1 ! great nor!rn black & r$ ?roat$ div]s1 are ! next to make _! appe>ance1 foll[$ by ! p9tail & longtail ducks 7,anas caudacuta & glacialis71 ! late/ visitors ( ! season4 ,^! birds g5]ally take _! dep>ture 9 ! same ord] z !y arrive4 ,! p]iod ( _! /ay is b %ort1 b _! pres5ce imp>ts a wond]fully *e]ful aspect to regions at o!r times s des]t$ & dre>y4 ,z soon z ! "y are suffici5tly fl$g$1 !y aga9 betake !mselves to ! s\?w>d2 ! "* ( ! season mu* influ5c+ ! p]iod ( _! dep>ture4 ,z f> z man has p5etrat$1 on ! mo/ nor!rn islets ( ,spitzb]g51 or on ! ice-block$ %ores ( ,k5n$y ,*annel1 ! eid]-duck & o!rs ( ! ,arctic anatid build _! ne/s2 & !re is no reason to d\bt t if ! pole has bre$+-places = !m1 x re-e*oes ) _! cries4 ,nor ne$ !y fe> to plunge into ! v he>t ( ! ,arctic zone1 = ! flight ( a goose be+ =ty or fifty miles an h\r1 ^! birds may bre$ 9 ! remote/ nor!rn solitude1 & 9 a few h\rs1 on a fall ( deep autumn sn[1 convey !mselves by _! swiftness ( w+ to bett] fe$+-gr\nds4 ,"o ( ! mo/ int]e/+ ( ! ,arctic birds is ! sn[-bunt+ 7,plectrophanes nivalis71 :i* may prop]ly be call$ ! pol> s++-bird1 z x bre$s 9 ! mo/ nor!rn isles1 su* z ,spitzb]g5 & ,novaja ,zemlya1 or on ! highe/ m\nta9s ( ! ,dovrefjeld1 9 ,sc&9avia1 :]e x enliv5s ! fugitive summ] ) its %ort b agreeable notes1 s\nd+ d\bly sweet f ! treeless wa/es 9 :i* !y are he>d4 ,x inv>iably builds its ne/1 :i* x l9es ) fea!rs & d[n1 9 ! fissures ( m\nta9 rocks or "u l>ge /ones1 & ! entrance is g5]ally s n>r[ z m]ely to all[ ! p>5t birds to pass4 ,! rem>kably d5se w9t] plumage ( ! sn[-bunt+ especially qualifies x = a nor!rn resid5ce1 & :5 9 captivity x w r be> ! sev]e/ cold ?an ev5 a mod]ate degree ( w>m?4 ,9 its bre$+-places x lives almo/ exclusively on insects1 p>ticul>ly gnats3 dur+ ! w9t] x fe$s on all sorts ( se$s1 & !n fam9e frequ5tly compels x to w&] to a less rigor\s climate4 ,illu/ration3 #ai4 ,,b]nide ,,goose4 ,! ,lapl& bunt+ 7,c5trophanes lapponicus71 ^: :ite & black plumage is agreeably div]sifi$ ) r$1 is likewise an inhabitant ( ! high] latitudes1 :]e x is frequ5tly se5 9 ! b>r5 gr\nds & tundras4 ,bo? ^! birds are di/+ui%$ by ! v long claw ( _! h9d toe1 a /ructure :i* enables !m to run ab\t ) ease ^u ! sn[4 ,illu/ration3 #bj4 ,,! ,,sea-,,eagle4 ,among ! raptorial birds ( ! ,arctic regions1 ! sea-eagle 7,haliatus albicilla7 holds a conspicu\s rank4 ,at 8 approa* ! gull & ! auk conceal !mselves 9 ! fissures ( ! rocks1 b are frequ5tly dragg$ =? by _! rel5tless enemy4 ,! div]s are1 accord+ to ,wahl5gr51 m imp]ill$ f 8 attacks ?an ^? sea-birds :i* d n plunge1 = ! latt] rise into ! air z soon z _! pi]c+ eye espies ! univ]sally dread$ tyrant1 & ?us escape2 :ile ! =m]1 bl9dly tru/+ to ! elem5t 9 :i* !y are capable ( f9d+ a tempor>y refuge1 all[ him to approa*1 & !n sudd5ly div+1 fancy !mselves 9 safety1 :ile ! eagle is only wait+ = ! mom5t ( _! re-appe>ance to repeat 8 attack4 ,twice or ?rice !y may possibly escape 8 claws by a rapid plunge1 b :5 = ! f\r? "t !y dive out ( ! wat]1 & rema9 b "o in/ant above ! surface1 t in/ant seals _! doom4 ,! sea-eagle is equally =midable to ! d5iz5s ( ! ocean1 b sometimes too great a confid5ce 9 8 /r5g? leads to 8 de/ruction1 = ,kittlitz 0 in=m$ by ! inhabitants ( ,kams*atka t1 p\nc+ ^u a dolph91 he is n seldom dragg$ d[n into ! wat] by ! div+ cetacean 9 ^: sk9 8 talons rema9 fix$4 ,illu/ration3 #ba4 ,,arctic ,,navigation4 ,,*apt] ,,iii4 ,,! ,,arctic ,,seas4 ,dang]s peculi> to ! ,arctic ,sea4--,ice-fields4--,hummocks4-- ,collision ( ,ice-fields4--,iceb]gs4--,_! ,orig94--,_! ,size4--,! ,glaci]s :i* give !m ,bir?4--,_! ,beauty4-- ,sometimes useful ,auxili>ies to ! ,m>9]4--,dang]s ( an*or+ to a ,b]g4--,a crumbl+ ,b]g4--,! ,ice-bl9k4--,fogs4-- ,transp>5cy ( ! ,atmosph]e4--,ph5om5a ( ,reflection & ,refraction4--,causes :i* prev5t ! ,accumulation ( ,pol> ,ice4-- ,tides4--,curr5ts4--,ice a bad ,conductor ( ,heat4--,wise ,provisions ( ,nature4 ,! he>t ( ! fir/ navigator1 says ,horace1 mu/ h be5 %ield$ ) ?reefold brass--& yet ! poet knew b ! sunny ,m$it]ranean1 ) its tepid floods & smil+ %ores3 h[1 !n1 w\ld he h f\nd words to express 8 a/oni%m5t at ! intrepid seam5 :o1 to op5 new vi/as to sci5ce or new roads to comm]ce1 fir/ v5tur$ to face ! unkn[n t]rors ( ! ,arctic ma98 ,9 e "p ( ! ocean ! m>9] has to gu>d aga9/ ! p]ils ( hidd5 %oals & sunk5 cliffs1 b ! high nor!rn wat]s are d\bly & trebly dang]\s2 = "h1 besides ^? rocks :i* are firmly root$ to ! gr\nd1 !re are o!rs :i*1 freely float+ ab\t1 ?reat5 to cru% 8 vessel to pieces1 or to =ce x along ) !m 9 helpless bondage4 ,! ,arctic navigators h giv5 v>i\s names to ^! movable %oals1 :i* are ! cause ( s mu* delay & dang]4 ,!y are iceb]gs :5 !y t[] to a consid]able height above ! wat]s1 & ice-fields :5 !y h a va/ horizontal ext5sion4 ,a floe is a deta*$ portion ( a field2 pack-ice1 a l>ge area ( floes or small] fragm5ts closely driv5 toge!r s z to oppose a firm b>ri] to ! progress ( a %ip2 & drift-ice1 loose ice 9 motion1 b n s firmly pack$ z to prev5t a vessel f mak+ h] way ?r\gh its yield+ masses4 ,illu/ration3 #bb4 ,,among ,,hummocks4 ,! l>ge ice-fields :i* ! :al] enc\nt]s 9 ,baff9's ,bay1 or on ! seas betwe5 ,spitzb]g5 & ,gre5l&1 con/itute "o ( ! m>vels ( ! deep4 ,!re is a solemn gr&eur 9 ! sl[ maje/ic motion ) :i* !y are drift$ by ! curr5ts to ! s\?2 & _! enorm\s masses1 z mile aft] mile comes float+ by1 impress ! spectator ) ! idea ( a b\ndless ext5t & an irresi/ible p[]4 ,b1 va/ & mighty z !y are1 !y are unable to )/& ! elem5ts comb9$ = _! de/ruction1 & _! app>5tly triumphal m>* leads !m only to _! ru94 ,illu/ration3 #bc4 ,,drift+ ,,9 ,,! ,,ice4 ,:5 !y fir/ desc5d f _! nor!rn /rongholds1 ! ice ( :i* !y are compos$ is ( ! av]age ?ickness ( f t5 to fifte5 feet1 & _! surface is sometimes tol]ably smoo? & ev51 b 9 g5]al x is cov]$ ) numb]less ice-blocks or hummocks pil$ ^u ea* o!r 9 wild confusion to a height ( =ty or fifty feet1 ! result ( repeat$ collisions be=e flakes & floes 7 sold]$ into fields4 ,be=e ! end ( ,june !y are cov]$ ) sn[1 sometimes six feet deep1 :i* melt+ dur+ ! summ] =ms small ponds or lakes ^u _! surface4 ,illu/ration3 #bd4 ,,=ms ,,( ,,iceb]gs4 ,n seldom ice-fields are :irl$ ab\t 9 rotatory motion1 :i* causes _! circumf]5ce to gyrate ) a velocity ( sev]al miles p] h\r4 ,:5 a field ?us sweep+ ?r\gh ! wat]s comes into collision ) ano!r :i* may possibly be revolv+ ) equal rapidity 9 an opposite direction--:5 masses n seldom tw5ty or ?irty miles 9 diamet]1 & ea* weigh+ _m millions ( tons1 cla% toge!r1 imag9ation c h>dly conceive a m appall+ sc5e4 ,! :al]s at all times require unremitt+ vigilance to secure _! safety1 b sc>cely 9 any situation s mu* z :5 navigat+ amid/ ^! fields1 :i* are m p>ticul>ly dang]\s 9 foggy wea!r1 z _! motions c n !n be di/9ctly obs]v$4 ,no wond] t s9ce ! e/abli%m5t ( ! fi%]y numb]s ( vessels h be5 cru%$ to pieces betwe5 two fields 9 motion1 = ! /ronge/ %ip ev] built mu/ ne$s be utt]ly unable to resi/ _! p[]4 ,"s h be5 uplift$ & ?r[n ^u ! ice2 "s h _h _! hulls completely torn op52 & o!rs h be5 ov]run by ! ice1 & buri$ b5ea? ! fragm5ts pil$ ^u _! wreck4 ,illu/ration3 #be4 ,,=ms ,,( ,,iceb]gs4 ,illu/ration3 #bf4 ,,=ms ,,( ,,iceb]gs4 ,! iceb]gs1 :i*1 z _! "n indicates1 rise above ! wat] to a mu* m consid]able height ?an ! ice-fields1 h a v diff]5t orig91 z !y are n =m$ 9 ! sea itself1 b by ! glaci]s ( ! nor!rn highl&s4 ,z our riv]s are cont9ually p\r+ _! /reams into ! ocean1 s _m ( ! glaci]s or ice-riv]s ( ! ,arctic zone1 desc5d+ to ! wat]-edge1 are sl[ly b con/antly =c+ !mselves f>!r & f>!r into ! sea4 ,9 ! summ] season1 :5 ! ice is p>ticul>ly fragile1 ! =ce ( cohesion is (t5 ov]come by ! weight ( ! prodigi\s masses t ov]hang ! sea or h be5 und]m9$ by its wat]s2 & 9 ! w9t]1 :5 ! air is probably #dj or #ej bel[ z]o & ! sea f #bh to #cj above1 ! unequal expansion ( ^? p>ts ( ! mass expos$ to s great a diff]5ce ( temp]ature c n fail to produce ! sep>ation ( l>ge portions4 ,mo/ ( ^! swimm+ glaci]-fragm5ts1 or iceb]gs1 :i* are met ) by ! :al] 9 ! ,nor!rn ,atlantic1 are =m$ on ! m\nta9\s we/ coa/ ( ,gre5l& by ! l>ge glaci]s :i* dis*>ge !mselves into ! fiords f ,smi?'s ,s\nd to ,disco ,bay1 z "h ! sea is suffici5tly deep to float !m away1 9 spite ( ! enorm\s magnitude !y frequ5tly atta94 ,z !y drift along d[n ,baff9's ,bay & ,davis's ,/rait1 !y n seldom run agr\nd on "s %all[ %ore1 :]e1 bidd+ defiance to ! %ort summ]1 !y frequ5tly rema9 = _m a ye>4 ,illu/ration3 #bg4 ,,iceb]gs ,,agr\nd4 ,dr4 ,hayes measur$ an imm5se iceb]g :i* _h /r&$ (f ! little h>bor ( ,tessuissak1 to ! nor? ( ,melville ,bay4 ,! squ>e wall :i* fac$ t[>d 8 base ( measurem5t 0 #cae feet high1 & a fraction ov] ?ree-qu>t]s ( a mile long4 ,be+ almo/ squ>e-sid$ above ! sea1 ! same %ape mu/ h ext5d$ b5ea? x2 & s9ce1 by measurem5ts made two days be=e1 ,hayes _h discov]$ t fre%-wat] ice float+ 9 salt wat] has above ! surface to bel[ x ! proportion ( "o to sev51 ?is cry/alliz$ m\nta9 mu/ h gone agr\nd 9 a dep? ( ne>ly half a mile4 ,a rude e/imate ( its size1 made on ! spot1 gave 9 cubical cont5ts ab\t #bg1jjj millions ( feet1 & 9 weight some?+ l #bjjj millions ( tons6 ,capta9 ,ross 9 8 fir/ voyage m5tions ano!r ( ^! wreck$ b]gs1 :i* 0 f\nd to be #dafi y>ds long1 #cfhi y>ds broad1 & #ea feet high above ! level ( ! sea4 ,x 0 agr\nd 9 #fa fa?oms1 & its weight 0 e/imat$ by an (fic] ( ! 8,alex&]0 at #a1bib1cig1fgc tons4 ,on asc5d+ ! flat top ( ?is iceb]g1 x 0 f\nd occupi$ by a huge :ite be>1 :o ju/ly deem+ 8discretion ! be/ "p ( valor10 sprang into ! sea be=e he c\ld be fir$ at4 ,! va/ dim5sions ( ! iceb]gs appe> less a/oni%+ :5 we consid] t _m ( ! glaci]s or ice-riv]s f :i* !y are dislodg$ are equal 9 size or volume to ! l>ge/ /reams ( cont95tal ,europe4 ,?us "o ( ! eight glaci]s exi/+ 9 ! di/rict ( ,om5ak1 9 ,gre5l&1 is no less ?an an ,engli% mile broad1 & =ms an ice-wall ris+ #afj feet above ! sea4 ,fur!r to ! nor?1 ,melville ,bay & ,:ale ,s\nd are ! seat ( va/ ice-riv]s4 ,"h ,tyndall glaci] =ms a coa/-l9e ( ice ov] two miles long1 almo/ bury+ its face 9 ! sea1 & c>ry+ ! eye along a broad & w9d+ valley1 up /eps ( ice ( giant height1 until at l5g? ! slope loses itself 9 ! unkn[n ice-des]t beyond4 ,b gr& above all is ! magnific5t ,humboldt glaci]1 :i*1 connect+ ,gre5l& & ,wa%+ton ,l&1 =ms a solid glassy wall #cjj feet above ! wat]-level1 ) an unkn[n dep? bel[ x1 :ile its curv$ face ext5ds full sixty miles 9 l5g? f ,cape ,agassiz to ,cape ,=bes4 ,9 ! temp]ate zone x w\ld be "o ( ! mightie/ riv]s ( ! e>?2 "h1 9 ! froz5 solitudes ( ! ,nor?1 x sl[ly drops its va/ fragm5ts into ! wat]s1 mak+ ! solitudes ar\nd re-e*o ) _! fall4 ,z ! ,pol> %ores ( cont95tal ,am]ica & ,sib]ia are g5]ally flat1 & bel[ ! sn[-l9e1 !y are consequ5tly depriv$ bo? ( glaci]s & ( ! huge float+ masses to :i* ^! give bir?4 ,9 a high sea ! waves beat aga9/ an iceb]g z aga9/ a rock2 & 9 calm wea!r :]e !re is a swell1 ! noise made by _! ris+ & fall+ is trem5d\s4 ,_! usual =m is t ( a high v]tical wall1 gradually slop+ d[n to ! opposite side1 :i* is v l[2 b frequ5tly !y exhibit ! mo/ fanta/ic %apes1 p>ticul>ly aft] !y h be5 a long "t expos$ to ! corrod+ p[] ( ! waves1 or ( w>m ra9s pelt+ !m f above4 ,a numb] ( iceb]gs float+ 9 ! sea is "o ( ! mo/ magnific5t spectacles ( nature1 b ! wond]ful beauty ( ^! cry/al cliffs nev] appe>s to great] advantage ?an :5 clo!d by ! midnight sun ) all ! spl5did colors ( twilight4 ,illu/ration3 #bh4 ,,iceb]gs ,,& ,,glaci]1 ,,frobi%] ,,bay4 8,! b]gs10 says ,dr4 ,hayes1 describ+ "o ( ^! en*ant+ nights1 8_h :olly lo/ _! *illy aspect1 & glitt]+ 9 ! blaze ( ! brilliant heav5s1 seem$ 9 ! di/ance l masses ( burni%$ metal or solid flame4 ,ne>] at h& !y 7 huge blocks ( ,p>ian m>ble inlaid ) mammo? gems ( pe>l & opal4 ,"o 9 p>ticul> exhibit$ ! p]fection ( ! gr&4 ,its =m 0 n unlike t ( ! ,colosseum1 & x lay s f> away t half its height 0 buri$ b5ea? ! l9e ( blood-r$ wat]s4 ,! sun1 sl[ly roll+ along ! horizon1 pass$ beh9d x1 & x seem$ z if ! old ,roman ru9s _h sudd5ly tak5 fire4 ,9 ! %ad[ ( ! b]gs ! wat] 0 a ri* gre51 & no?+ c\ld be m s(t & t5d] ?an ! gradations ( color made by ! sea %oal+ on ! slop+ tongue ( a b]g close beside u4 ,! t9t increas$ 9 int5sity :]e ! ice ov]hung ! wat]1 & a deep cav]n ne> by exhibit$ ! solid color ( ! mala*ite m+l$ ) ! transp>5cy ( ! em]ald1 :ile 9 /range contra/ a broad /reak ( cobalt blue ran diagonally ?r\gh its body4 ,! bewit*+ "* ( ! sc5e 0 height5$ by a ?\s& little cascades :i* leap$ into ! sea f ^! float+ masses1 ! wat] be+ dis*>g$ f lakes ( melt$ sn[ & ice :i* repos$ 9 quietude f> up 9 ! valleys sep>at+ ! high icy hills ( _! upp] surface4 ,f o!r b]gs l>ge pieces 7 n[ & !n deta*$1 plung+ d[n into ! wat] ) deaf5+ noise1 :ile ! sl[ mov+ swell ( ! ocean res\nd$ ?r\gh _! brok5 ar*ways40 ,illu/ration3 #bi4 ,,glaci]1 ,,bute ,,inlet4 ,a simil> gorge\s spectacle 0 witness$ by ,dr4 ,kane 9 ,melville ,bay4 ,! midnight sun came out ov] a great b]g1 k9dl+ v>i\sly-color$ fires on e "p ( its surface1 & mak+ ! ice ar\nd ! %ip "o great respl5d5cy ( gemwork1 blaz+ c>buncles & rubies1 & molt5 gold4 ,9 ! night ! iceb]gs are readily di/+ui%$ ev5 at a di/ance by _! natural effulg5ce1 & 9 foggy wea!r by a peculi> blackness 9 ! atmosph]e4 ,z !y are n unfrequ5tly drift$ by ! ,gre5l& /ream consid]ably to ! s\? ( ,newf\ndl&1 sometimes ev5 z f> z ! =tie? or ?irty-n9? degree ( latitude 7,may1 #ahda1 ,june1 #ahdb71 %ips sail+ ?r\gh ! nor?-we/]n ,atlantic require to be always on _! gu>d aga9/ !m4 ,! ill-fat$ 8,presid5t10 "o ( our fir/ ocean-/eam]s1 :i* 0 lo/ on its way to ,new ,york1 )\t leav+ a trace beh9d1 is suppos$ to h be5 sunk by a collision ) an iceb]g1 & no d\bt _m a gallant b>k has ei!r f\nd]$ 9 ! night1 or be5 hurl$ by ! /orm aga9/ ^! float+ rocks4 ,b ?\gh (t5 dang]\s neighbors1 ! b]gs occasionally prove useful auxili>ies to ! m>9]4 ,f _! great] bulk ly+ bel[ ! wat]-l9e1 !y are ei!r drift$ along by ! "u-curr5t aga9/ ! w9d1 or1 f _! va/ dim5sions1 are n p]ceptibly influ5c$ ev5 by ! /ronge/ gale1 b1 on ! contr>y1 h ! appe>ance ( mov+ to w9dw>d1 because e o!r k9d ( ice is drift$ rapidly pa/ !m4 ,?us 9 /rong adv]se w9ds1 _! broad masses1 front+ ! /orm l bulw>ks1 n seldom af=d protection to %ips moor+ "u _! lee4 ,an*or+ to a b]g is1 h[ev]1 n always unatt5d$ ) dang]1 p>ticul>ly :5 ! summ] is f> advanc$1 or 9 a l[] latitude1 z all ice becomes exce$+ly fragile :5 act$ on by ! sun or by a temp]ate atmosph]e4 ,! bl[ ( an axe !n sometimes suffices to r5d an iceb]g asund]1 & to bury ! c>eless seaman b5ea? its ru9s1 or to hurl him into ! yawn+ *asm4 ,illu/ration3 #cj4 ,,scal+ ,,an ,,iceb]g4 ,?us ,scoresby relates ! adv5ture ( two sailors :o 7 attempt+ to fix an an*or to a b]g4 ,!y began to hew a hole into ! ice1 b sc>cely _h ! fir/ bl[ be5 /ruck1 :5 sudd5ly ! imm5se mass split f top to bottom & fell asund]1 ! two halves fall+ 9 contr>y directions ) a prodigi\s cra%4 ,"o ( ! sailors1 :o 0 possess$ ( great pres5ce ( m9d1 imm$iately scal$ ! huge fragm5t on :i* he 0 /&+1 & rema9$ rock+ to & fro on its summit until its equilibrium 0 re/or$2 b 8 companion1 fall+ betwe5 ! masses1 w\ld mo/ likely h be5 cru%$ to pieces if ! curr5t caus$ by _! motion _h n swept him )9 rea* ( ! boat t 0 wait+ = !m4 ,frequ5tly l>ge pieces deta* !mselves spontane\sly f an iceb]g & fall into ! sea ) a trem5d\s noise4 ,:5 ?is circum/ance1 call$ 8calv+10 takes place1 ! iceb]g loses its equilibrium1 sometimes turns on "o side1 & is occasionally inv]t$4 ,dr4 ,hayes witness$ ! crumbl+ ( an imm5se b]g1 resembl+ 9 its g5]al appe>ance ! ,briti% ,h\se ( ,p>liam5t4 ,fir/ "o l(ty t[] came tumbl+ into ! wat]1 />t+ f its surface an imm5se flock ( gulls2 !n ano!r foll[$2 & at l5g?1 aft] five h\rs ( roll+ & cra%+1 !re rema9$ ( ?is spl5did mass ( congelation n a fragm5t t rose fifty feet above ! wat]4 ,"o ( ! mo/ rem>kable ph5om5a ( ! ,pol> ,sea is ! ice-bl9k1 or reflection ( ! ice aga9/ ! sky4 ,a /ripe ( light1 simil> to ! e>ly dawn ( morn+1 b )\t its r$ness1 appe>s above ! horizon1 & traces a complete arial map ( ! ice to a di/ance ( _m miles beyond ! ord9>y rea* ( vision4 ,to ! exp]i5c$ navigator ! 8bl9k0 is frequ5tly ( ! greate/ use1 z x n only po9ts out ! vic9ity ( ! drift-ice1 b indicates its nature1 :e!r compact or loose1 cont9u\s or op54 ,?us ,scoresby relates t on ! #g? ( ,june1 #ahba1 he saw s di/9ct an ice-bl9k1 t z f> z tw5ty or ?irty miles all r\nd ! horizon he 0 able to asc]ta9 ! figure & probable ext5t ( ea* ice-field4 ,! pack$ ice 0 di/+ui%$ f ! l>g] fields by a m obscure & yell[ color2 :ile ea* wat]-lane or op5 passage 0 indicat$ by a deep blue /ripe or pat*4 ,by ?is means he 0 enabl$ to f9d 8 way out ( ! va/ masses ( ice 9 :i* he _h be5 deta9$ = sev]al days1 & to em]ge into ! op5 sea4 ,! t5d5cy ( ! pack-ice to sep>ate 9 calm wea!r1 s t "o might almo/ be tempt$ to believe 9 a mutual repulsive p[] ( ! individual blocks1 is likewise favorable to ! ,arctic navigator4 ,! p]petual daylight ( summ] is ano!r advantage1 b un=tunately ! sun is too (t5 veil$ by d5se mi/s1 :i* frequ5tly obscure ! air = weeks toge!r1 p>ticul>ly 9 ,july4 ,^! fogs1 :i* are a great imp$im5t to ! :al]'s op]ations1 h a v depress+ influ5ce ^u ! spirits2 & z !y are att5d$ ) a l[ temp]ature1 :i* ev5 at noon does n rise mu* above freez+-po9t1 ! damp cold is also physically extremely unpleasant4 ,at o!r times ! sun sweeps two or ?ree times r\nd ! pole )\t be+ = a mom5t obscur$ by a cl\d1 & !n ! transp>5cy ( ! air is su* t objects ! mo/ remote may be se5 p]fectly di/9ct & cle>4 ,a %ip's top-gallant ma/1 at ! di/ance ( five or six leagues1 may be disc]n$ :5 j appe>+ above ! horizon ) a common p]spective-glass1 & ! summits ( m\nta9s are visible at ! di/ance ( f sixty to a hundr$ miles4 ,on su* sunny days1 ! /rong contra/s ( light & %ade betwe5 ! gli/5+ sn[ & ! d>k protrud+ rocks produce a rem>kable deception 9 ! app>5t di/ance ( ! l&1 along a /eep m\nta9\s coa/4 ,:5 at ! di/ance ( tw5ty miles f ,spitzb]g51 = in/ance1 x w\ld be easy to induce ev5 a judici\s /rang] to und]take a passage 9 a boat to ! %ore1 f a belief t he 0 )9 a league ( ! l&4 ,at ?is di/ance ! portions ( rock & pat*es ( sn[1 z well z ! cont\r ( ! diff]5t hills1 are z di/9ctly m>k$ z simil> objects 9 _m o!r c\ntries1 n hav+ sn[ ab\t !m1 w\ld be at a f\r? or a fif? "p ( ! di/ance4 ,no?+ c be m wond]ful ?an ! ph5om5a ( ! atmosph]e dep5d5t on reflection & refraction1 :i* are frequ5tly obs]v$ 9 ! ,arctic seas1 p>ticul>ly at ! comm5cem5t or approa* ( ea/]ly w9ds4 ,!y are probably occasion$ by ! commixture1 ne> ! surface ( ! l& or sea1 ( two /reams ( air ( diff]5t temp]atures1 s z to occasion an irregul> deposition ( imp]fectly cond5s$ vapor1 :i* :5 pass+ ! v]ge ( ! horizon app>5tly raises ! objects !re situat$ to a consid]able di/ance above x1 or ext5ds _! height beyond _! natural dim5sions4 ,ice1 l&1 %ips1 boats1 & o!r objects1 :5 ?us enl>g$ & elevat$1 are said to loom4 ,! l[] "p ( loom+ objects are sometimes connect$ ) ! horizon by an app>5t fibr\s or column> ext5sion ( _! p>ts2 at o!r times !y appe> to be q lift$ into ! air1 a void space be+ se5 betwe5 !m & ! horizon4 ,a mo/ rem>kable delusion ( ?is k9d 0 obs]v$ by ,scoresby :ile sail+ ?r\gh ! op5 ice1 f> f l&4 ,sudd5ly an imm5se amphi!atre inclos$ by high walls ( basaltic ice1 s l natural rock z to deceive "o ( 8 mo/ exp]i5c$ (fic]s1 rose ar\nd ! %ip4 ,sometimes ! refraction produc$ on all sides a simil> effect1 b /ill m frequ5tly rem>kable contra/s4 ,s+le ice-blocks exp&$ into ar*itectural figures ( an extraord9>y height1 & sometimes ! di/ant1 deeply ind5t$ ice-bord] look$ l a numb] ( t[]s or m9>ets1 or l a d5se =e/ ( nak$ trees4 ,sc>cely _h an object acquir$ a di/9ct =m1 :5 x began to dissolve into ano!r4 ,x is well kn[n t simil> causes produce simil> effects 9 ! w>m] regions ( ! e>?4 ,9 ! mid/ ( ! tropical ocean1 ! m>9] sees v]dant isl&s rise f ! wat]s1 & 9 ! treeless des]t fanta/ic palm-groves wave _! fronds1 z if 9 mock]y ( ! ?ir/y c>avan4 ,:5 we consid] ! int5se cold :i* reigns dur+ ! greate/ "p ( ! ye> 9 ! ,arctic regions1 we might naturally1 expect to f9d ! :ole ( ! ,pol> ,sea cov]$1 dur+ ! w9t] at lea/1 ) "o solid unbrok5 %eet ( ice4 ,b exp]i5ce tea*es u t ?is is by no means ! case2 = ! curr5ts1 ! tides1 ! w9ds1 & ! swell ( a turbul5t ocean are mighty causes ( disruption1 or /rong imp$im5ts to congelation4 ,bo? ,lieut5ant de ,hav5 & ,sir ,francis ,m',cl9tock#a 7 helplessly c>ri$ along1 9 ! dep? ( w9t]1 by ! pack-ice 9 ,lanca/] ,s\nd & ,baff9's ,bay4 ,a b]g impell$ by a /rong "u-curr5t rips op5 an ice-field z if x 7 a ?9 %eet ( glass2 & 9 *annels1 or on coa/s :]e ! tides rise to a consid]able height1 _! flux & reflux is cont9ually op5+ crevices & lanes 9 ! ice :i* cov]s ! wat]s4 ,t ev5 9 ! highe/ latitudes ! sea does n close except :5 at re/1 0 fully exp]i5c$ by ,dr4 ,hayes dur+ 8 w9t]+ at ,port ,f\lke2 = at all times1 ev5 :5 ! temp]ature ( ! air 0 bel[ ! freez+-po9t ( m]cury1 he c\ld he> f ! deck ( 8 s*oon] ! ro> ( ! beat+ waves4 ,f all ^! causes !re has at no po9t )9 ! ,arctic ,circle be5 f\nd a firm ice-belt ext5d+1 ei!r 9 w9t] or 9 summ]1 m ?an f fifty to a hundr$ miles f l&4 ,& ev5 9 ! n>r[ *annels sep>at+ ! isl&s ( ! ,p>ry ,ar*ipelago1 or at ! m\? ( ,smi? ,s\nd1 ! wat]s w n freeze ov]1 except :5 %elt]$ by ! l&1 or :5 an ice-pack1 accumulat$ by long cont9uance ( w9ds f "o qu>t]1 af=ds ! same protection4 ,illu/ration3 #ca4 ,,an ,,arctic ,,*annel4 ,b ! con/ant motion ( ! ,pol> ,sea1 :]ev] x exp&s to a consid]able bread?1 w\ld be insuffici5t to prev5t its total congelation1 if x 7 n assi/$ by o!r physical causes4 ,a magnific5t sy/em ( curr5ts is cont9ually displac+ ! wat]s ( ! ocean1 & =c+ ! w>m floods ( ! tropical regions to w&] to ! pole1 :ile ! cold /reams ( ! frigid zone are z con/antly migrat+ t[>d ! ,equator4 ,?us we see ! ,gulf ,/ream fl[+ ?r\gh ! broad gateway ea/ ( ,spitzb]g51 & =c+ out a return curr5t ( cold wat] to ! we/ ( ,spitzb]g51 & ?r\gh ,davis's ,/rait4 ,illu/ration3 #cb4 ,,op5 ,,wat]4 ,! comp>atively w>m floods :i*1 9 consequ5ce ( ?is great law ( circulation1 come p\r+ into ! ,arctic seas1 naturally require "s "t be=e !y are suffici5tly *ill$ to be conv]t$ into ice2 & z sea-wat] has its maximum ( d5sity1 or1 9 o!r words1 is heavie/ a few degrees above ! freez+-po9t ( wat]1 & !n necess>ily s9ks1 ! :ole dep? ( ! sea mu/ ( c\rse be cool$ d[n to t temp]ature be=e freez+ c take place4 ,ice be+ a bad conductor ( heat1 likewise limits ! process ( congelation2 = aft] atta9+ a ?ickness ( t5 or fifte5 feet1 its gr[? is v sl[1 & probably ev5 ceases altoge!r2 = :5 float+ fields1 or floes1 are f\nd ( a great] ?ickness1 ?is increase is due to ! sn[ t falls ^u _! surface1 or to ! accumulation ( hummocks caus$ by _! collision4 ,?us1 by ! comb9$ influ5ce ( ^! v>i\s physical ag5cies1 b\nds h be5 set to ! congelation ( ! ,pol> wat]s4 ,7 x o!rwise1 ! ,arctic l&s w\ld h be5 m]e un9habitable wa/es2 = ! exi/5ce ( ! seals1 ! walrus1 & ! :ale dep5ds ^u _! f9d+ "s op5 wat] at e season ( ! ye>2 & depriv$ ( ?is res\rce1 all ! ,esquimaux1 ^: v>i\s tribes fr+e ! coa/s 9 ! highe/ latitudes hi!rto discov]$1 w\ld p]i% 9 a s+le w9t]4 ,if ! ,arctic glaci]s did n dis*>ge _! b]gs into ! sea1 or if no curr5ts convey$ ! ice-floes ( ! nor? into l[] latitudes1 ice w\ld be con/antly accumulat+ 9 ! ,pol> _w1 &1 de/roy+ ! balance ( nature1 w\ld ultimately endang] ! exi/5ce ( man ov] ! :ole surface ( ! globe4 ,illu/ration3 #cc4 ,,glaci] ,,dis*>g+4 ,,*apt] ,,iv4 ,,arctic ,,m>9e ,,animals ,popul\sness ( ! ,arctic ,seas4--,! ,gre5l& ,:ale4--,! ,f9 ,:ales4--,! ,n>:al4--,! ,beluga1 or ,:ite ,dolph94--,! ,black ,dolph94--,8 :olesale ,massacre on ! ,fa]oe ,isl&s4--,! ,orc1 or ,grampus4--,! ,seals4--,! ,walrus4--,its acute ,smell4--,hi/ory ( a "y ,walrus4--,p>5tal ,affection4--,! ,pol> ,be>4--,8 ,sagacity4--,hib]nation ( ! ,%e-be>4--,sea-birds4 ,! va/ multitudes ( animat$ be+s :i* p ! ,pol> ,seas =m a rem>kable contra/ to ! nak$ness ( _! bleak & desolate %ores4 ,! cold] surface-wat]s almo/ p]petually expos$ to a *illy air1 & frequ5tly cov]$1 ev5 9 summ]1 ) float+ ice1 are inde$ unfavorable to ! developm5t ( organic life2 b ?is adv]se influ5ce is modifi$ by ! high] temp]ature :i* con/antly prevails at a great] dep?2 =1 contr>y to :at takes place 9 ! equatorial seas1 we f9d 9 ! ,pol> ,ocean an increase ( temp]ature f ! surface d[nw>d1 9 consequ5ce ( ! w>m] "u-curr5ts1 fl[+ f ! s\? nor?w>d1 & pass+ b5ea? ! cold wat]s ( ! sup]ficial ,arctic curr5t4 ,?us ! sev]ity ( ! ,pol> w9t] rema9s unfelt at a great] dep? ( ! sea1 :]e myriads ( creatures f9d a secure retreat aga9/ ! fro/1 & :5ce !y em]ge dur+ ! long summ]'s day1 ei!r to l9e ! %ores or to asc5d ! broad riv]s ( ! ,arctic _w4 ,betwe5 ! p>allels ( #gd & #hj ,scoresby obs]v$ t ! color ( ! ,gre5l& sea v>ies f ! pure/ ultram>9e to olive gre51 & f cry/all9e transp>5cy to /rik+ opacity--appe>ances :i* are n transitory1 b p]man5t4 ,?is gre5 semi-opaque wat]1 ^: position v>ies ) ! curr5ts1 (t5 =m+ isolat$ /ripes1 & sometimes spread+ ov] two or ?ree degrees ( latitude1 ma9ly owes its s+ul> aspect to small m$us & nudibran*iate molluscs4 ,x is calculat$ to =m "o-f\r? "p ( ! surface ( ! sea betwe5 ! above-m5tion$ p>allels1 s t _m ?\s&s ( squ>e miles are absolutely teem+ ) life4 ,on ! coa/ ( ,gre5l&1 :]e ! wat]s are s exce$+ly cle> t ! bottom & e object ^u x are pla9ly visible ev5 at a dep? ( eighty fa?oms1 ! gr\nd is se5 cov]$ ) gigantic tangles1 :i*1 toge!r ) ! animal _w circulat+ among _! fronds1 rem9d ! spectator ( ! coral-reefs ( ! tropical ocean4 ,nullipores1 mussels1 alcyonians1 s]tul>ians1 ascidians1 & a v>iety ( o!r sessile animals1 incru/ e /one or fill e holl[ or crevice ( ! rocky gr\nd4 ,a dead seal or fi% ?r[n into ! sea is soon conv]t$ into a skeleton by ! myriads ( small cru/aceans :i* infe/ ^! nor!rn wat]s1 &1 l ! ants 9 ! equatorial =e/s1 p]=m ! "p ( scav5g]s ( ! deep4 ,?us we f9d an exub]ance ( life1 9 its small] & smalle/ =ms1 peopl+ ! ,arctic wat]s1 & af=d+ n\ri%m5t to a v>iety ( /range & bulky creatures--cetaceans1 walruses1 & seals--:i* annually attract ?\s&s ( adv5tur\s seam5 to ! icy ocean4 ,( ^! sea-mammalians1 ! mo/ important to civiliz$ man is und\bt$ly ! ,gre5l& :ale 7,balna my/icetus71 or smoo?-back1 ?us call$ f its hav+ no dorsal f94 ,=m]ly ^! :ales 7 h>poon$ 9 consid]able numb]s 9 ! ,icel&ic wat]s1 or 9 ! fiords ( ,spitzb]g5 & ,dani% ,gre5l&2 !n ,davis's ,/raits became ! favorite fi%+-gr\nds2 & m rec5tly ! inlets & v>i\s *annels to ! ea/ ( ,baff9's ,bay h be5 invad$2 :ile1 on ! opposite side ( ,am]ica1 sev]al hundr$s ( :al]s p5etrate e ye> ?r\gh ,b]+'s ,/raits into ! icy sea beyond1 :]e previ\sly !y liv$ & multipli$1 unmole/$ except by ! ,esquimaux4 ,illu/ration3 #cd4 ,,! ,,:ale4 ,m =tunate ?an ! smoo?-back1 ! rorquals1 or f9-:ales 7,balnopt]a boops1 musculus1 physalis1 & ro/ratus71 /ill rema9 9 _! anci5t seats1 f :i* !y are n likely to be dislodg$1 z ! agility ( _! movem5ts makes _! capture m difficult & dang]\s2 :ile at ! same "t ! small quantity ( _! fat & ! %ortness ( _! bale5 r5d] x f> less remun]ative4 ,!y are ( a m sl5d] =m ( body1 & ) a m po9t$ muzzle ?an ! ,gre5l& :ale2 & :ile ! latt] atta9s a l5g? ( only sixty feet1 ! ,balnopt]a boops gr[s to ! va/ l5g? ( #ajj feet & m4 ,!re is also a diff]5ce 9 _! food1 = ! ,gre5l& :ale *iefly fe$s ^u ! m9ute animals t cr[d ! olive-color$ wat]s above describ$1 or on ! ho/s ( little pt]opods t are f\nd 9 _m p>ts ( ! ,arctic seas1 :ile ! rorquals frequ5tly accompany ! h]r+-%oals1 & c>ry dea? & de/ruction into _! ranks4 ,! seas ( ,novaja ,zemlya1 ,spitzb]g51 & ,gre5l& are ! doma9 ( ! n>:al1 or sea-unicorn1 a cetacean q z /range1 b n s fabul\s z ! t]re/rial animal :i* figures 9 ! arms ( ,engl&4 ,! use ( ! enorm\s spirally w\nd tusk project+ f its upp] jaw1 & f :i* x d]ives its popul> "n1 has n yet be5 cle>ly asc]ta9$1 "s hold+ x to be an in/rum5t ( def5se1 :ile o!rs suppose x to be only an ornam5t or m>k ( ! sup]ior dignity ( ! sex to :i* x has be5 aw>d$4 ,illu/ration3 #ce4 ,,! ,,n>:al4 ,among ! num]\s dolph9s :i* p ! ,arctic & ,sub>ctic seas1 ! beluga 7,delph9us leucas71 improp]ly call$ ! :ite :ale1 is "o ( ! mo/ int]e/+4 ,:5 "y x has a br[n color1 :i* gradually *anges into a p]fect :ite4 ,x atta9s a l5g? ( f twelve to tw5ty feet1 has no dorsal f91 a /rong tail ?ree feet broad1 & a r\nd head ) a broad truncat$ sn\t4 ,beyond #ef ( latitude x is frequ5tly se5 9 l>ge %oals1 p>ticul>ly ne> ! e/u>ies ( ! l>ge ,sib]ian & ,nor? ,am]ican riv]s1 :i* x (t5 asc5ds to a consid]able di/ance 9 pursuit ( ! salmon4 ,a troop ( belugas div+ out ( ! d>k waves ( ! ,arctic ,sea is said to af=d a magnific5t spectacle4 ,_! :ite color appe>s dazzl+1 f ! contra/ ( ! sombre backgr\nd1 z !y d>t ab\t ) arr[-l velocity4 ,! black dolph9 7,globicephalus globiceps7 is likewise v common 9 ! ,arctic seas1 bo? beyond ,b]+'s ,/raits & betwe5 ,gre5l& & ,spitzb]g51 :5ce x frequ5tly makes excursions to ! s\?4 ,x gr[s to ! l5g? ( tw5ty-f\r feet1 & is ab\t t5 feet 9 circumf]5ce4 ,! sk91 l t ( ! dolph9 tribe 9 g5]al1 is smoo?1 resembl+ oil$ silk2 ! color a blui%-black on ! back1 & g5]ally :iti% on ! belly2 ! blubb] is ?ree or f\r in*es ?ick4 ,! full-gr[n h g5]ally tw5ty-two or tw5ty-f\r tee? 9 ea* jaw2 & :5 ! m\? is %ut1 ! tee? lock betwe5 "o ano!r1 l ! tee? ( a trap4 ,! dorsal f9 is ab\t fifte5 in*es high1 ! tail five feet broad2 ! pectoral f9s are z _m1 long & comp>atively n>r[2 s t1 arm$ ) su* excell5t paddles1 ! black dolph9 is inf]ior to none ( 8 relatives 9 swiftness4 ,( an em95tly social disposition1 ^! dolph9s sometimes congregate 9 h]ds ( _m hundr$s1 "u ! guidance ( sev]al old exp]i5c$ males1 :om ! re/ foll[ l a flock ( %eep--a prop]ty f :i* ! animal is call$ 9 ,%etl& ! 8ca'+ :ale40 ,no cetacean /r&s m frequ5tly ?an ! black dolph91 & occasionally l>ge h]ds h be5 driv5 on ! %ores ( ,icel&1 ,norway1 & ! ,orkney1 ,%etl& & ,fa]oe isl&s1 :]e _! capture is hail$ z a gods5d4 ,! intellig5ce t a %oal ( ca'+ :ales or gr9ds has be5 se5 approa*+ ! coa/1 creates great excitem5t among ! o!rwise phlegmatic inhabitants ( ! ,fa]oe ,isl&s4 ,! :ole neighborhood1 old & "y1 is in/antly 9 motion1 & soon num]\s boats %oot (f f %ore to int]cept ! retreat ( ! dolph9s4 ,sl[ly & /eadily !y are driv5 t[>d ! coa/2 ! phalanx ( _! enemies draws clos] & clos] toge!r2 t]rifi$ by /ones & bl[s1 !y run a%ore1 & lie gasp+ z ! flood rec$es4 ,!n beg9s ! "w ( dea?1 amid ! l\d %\ts ( ! execution]s & ! furi\s spla%+s ( ! victims4 ,9 ?is mann] m ?an #hjj gr9ds 7 massacr$ on ,augu/ #af1 #aggf2 & dur+ ! f\r summ] mon?s t ,langbye soj\rn$ on ! isl& 9 #ahag1 #fbc 7 driv5 on %ore1 & s]v$ to pay "o-half ( ! import$ corn4 ,b1 on ! o!r h&1 _m ye>s frequ5tly pass )\t yield+ "o s+le black :ale to ! t5d] m]cies ( ! isl&]s4 ,! f]oci\s orc1 or grampus 7,delph9us orca71 is ! tig] ( ! ,arctic seas4 ,black above1 :ite b5ea?1 x is di/+ui%$ by its l>ge dorsal f91 :i* curves backw>d t[>d ! tail1 & rises to ! height ( two feet or m4 ,measur+ no less ?an tw5ty-five feet 9 l5g? & twelve or ?irte5 9 gir?1 ( a c\rage equal to its /r5g?1 & arm$ ) =midable tee?1 ?irty 9 ea* jaw1 ! grampus is ! dread ( ! seals1 :om x ov]takes 9 spite ( _! rapid flight2 & ! :ale himself w\ld consid] x z 8 mo/ =midable enemy1 7 x n = ! p]secutions ( man4 ,! grampus g5]ally pl\ghs ! seas 9 small troops ( f\r or five1 foll[+ ea* o!r 9 close s+le file1 & alt]nately disappe>+ & ris+ s z to resemble ! undulatory motions ( "o l>ge s]p5ti=m animal4 ,! family ( ! seals has also num]\s & mighty repres5tatives 9 ! ,arctic wat]s4 ,9 ! sea ( ,b]+ we meet ) ! =midable sea-lion & ! valuable sea-be>1 :ile ! h>p-seal1 ! be>d$ seal1 & ! hispid seals 7,phoca grnl&ica1 b>bata1 hispida71 spread+ f ! ,p>ry ,isl&s to ,novaja ,zemlya1 yield ! tribute ( _! fle% to num]\s wild tribes1 & t ( _! sk9s to ! ,european hunt]4 ,few ,arctic animals are m valuable to man1 or m frequ5tly m5tion$ 9 ,pol> voyages ?an ! walrus or morse 7,tri*e*us rosm>us71 :i*1 ?\gh alli$ to ! seals1 diff]s greatly f !m by ! developm5t ( ! can9es ( ! upp] jaw1 :i* =m two enorm\s tusks project+ d[nw>d to ! l5g? ( two feet4 ,! morse is "o ( ! l>ge/ quadrup$s exi/+1 z x atta9s a l5g? ( tw5ty feet1 & a weight ( f fifte5 hundr$ to two ?\s& p\nds4 ,9 unc\?ness ( =m x surpasses ev5 ! unga9ly hippopotamus4 ,x has a small head ) a rem>kably ?ick upp] lip1 cov]$ ) l>ge pellucid :isk]s or bri/les2 ! neck is ?ick & %ort2 ! nak$ gray or r$-br[n sk9 hangs loosely on ! pond]\s & elongat$ trunk2 & ! %ort feet t]m9ate 9 broad f9-l paddles1 resembl+ l>ge ill-fa%ion$ flaps ( lea!r4 ,its movem5ts on l& are extremely sl[ & awkw>d1 resembl+ ^? ( a huge cat]pill>1 b 9 ! wat] x has all ! activity ( ! seals1 or ev5 surpasses !m 9 spe$4 ,illu/ration3 #cf4 ,,walruses ,,on ,,! ,,ice4 ,greg>i\s1 l ! seals & _m ( ! dolph9s1 ! walruses love to lie on ! ice or on ! s&-banks1 closely huddl$ toge!r4 ,on ! spot :]e a walrus l&s1 o!rs are sure to foll[2 & :5 ! fir/ com]s block ! %ore1 ^? :i* arrive lat]1 in/ead ( l&+ on a free spot f>!r on1 pref] giv+ _! fri5ds :o are 9 ! way a g5tle pu% ) _! tusks s z to induce !m to make room4 ,timor\s & almo/ helpless on l&1 :]e1 9 spite ( its =midable tusks1 x falls an easy prey to ! attacks ( man1 ! walrus ev9ces a great] degree ( c\rage 9 ! wat]1 :]e x is able to make a bett] use ( ! /r5g? & weapons be/[$ ^u x by nature4 ,_m in/ances are kn[n :]e walruses1 :i* nev] attack b :5 provok$1 h turn$ ^u _! assailants1 or h ev5 assembl$ f a di/ance to assi/ a w\nd$ comrade4 ,l ! seals1 ! walrus is easily tam$1 & ( a mo/ affectionate temp]4 ,?is 0 %[n 9 a rem>kable mann] by a "y walrus br\ght alive f ,ar*angel to ,/4 ,pet]sburg 9 #ahbi4 ,its keep]1 ,madame ,d5nebecq1 hav+ t5d$ x ) ! greate/ c>e1 ! grateful animal express$ its pleasure :5ev] %e came ne> x by an affectionate grunt4 ,x n only foll[$ h] ) its eyes1 b 0 nev] happi] ?an :5 all[$ to lay its head 9 h] lap4 ,! t5d]ness 0 reciprocal1 & ,madame ,d5nebecq us$ to talk ( h] walrus ) ! same w>m? ( affection z if x _h be5 a pet lapdog4 ,t p>5tal love %\ld be highly develop$ 9 animals ?us susceptible ( fri5d%ip may easily be imag9$4 ,mr4 ,lamont1 an ,engli% g5tleman :om ! love ( sport l$ a few ye>s s9ce to ,spitzb]g51 relates ! case ( a w\nd$ walrus :o held a v "y calf "u h] "r arm4 ,:5ev] ! h>poon 0 rais$ aga9/ x1 ! "m c>efully %ield$ x ) h] own body4 ,! c\nt5ance ( ?is poor animal 0 nev] to be =gott53 t ( ! calf expressive ( abject t]ror1 & yet ( su* a b\ndless confid5ce 9 its "m's p[] ( protect+ x1 z x swam along "u h] w+1 & ! old c['s face %[+ su* reckless defiance = all t c\ld be done to h]self1 & yet su* t]rible anxiety z to ! safety ( h] calf4 ,?is p>5tal affection is %amefully misus$ by man1 = x is a common artifice ( ! walrus-hunt]s to cat* a "y animal & make x grunt1 9 ord] to attract a h]d4 ,! walrus is conf9$ to ! coa/s ( ! ,arctic regions1 unless :5 drift-ice1 or "s o!r accid5t1 c>ries x away into ! op5 sea4 ,its *ief resorts are ,spitzb]g51 ,nova ,zembla1 ,nor? ,gre5l&1 ! %ores ( ,hudson's & ,baff9's bays2 & on ! opposite side ( ! ,pol> ,ocean1 ! coa/s ( ,b]+'s ,sea1 & to ! nor? ( ,b]+'s ,/raits1 ! ,am]ican & ,asiatic %ores f ,po9t ,b>r[ to ,cape ,nor?4 ,x has n[h]e be5 f\nd on ! coa/s ( ,sib]ia f ! m\? ( ! ,j5isei to ! la/-m5tion$ promontory1 & on ^? ( ,am]ica f ,po9t ,b>r[ to ,lanca/] ,s\nd2 s t x inhabits two di/9ct regions1 sep>at$ f ea* o!r by va/ ext5ts ( coa/4 ,its food seems to consi/ pr9cipally ( m>9e plants & %ell-fi%1 ?\gh ,scoresby relates t he f\nd ! rema9s ( fi%es1 or ev5 ( seals1 9 its /oma*4 ,z ! ,pol> be> is frequ5tly f\nd above a hundr$ miles f ! ne>e/ l&1 ^u loose ice /eadily drift+ into ! sea1 x seems b fair to assign him a place among ! m>9e animals ( ! ,arctic zone4 ,he hunts by sc5t1 & is con/antly runn+ across & aga9/ ! w9d1 :i* prevails f ! nor?w>d1 s t ! same in/9ct :i* directs 8 se>* = prey also s]ves ! important purpose ( guid+ him 9 ! direction ( ! l& & m solid ice4 ,8 favorite food is ! seal1 :i* he surprises cr\*+ d[n ) 8 =e paws d\bl$ und]nea?1 & pu%+ himself noiselessly =w>d ) 8 h9d] legs until )9 a few y>ds1 :5 he spr+s ^u 8 victim1 :e!r 9 ! wat] or ^u ! ice4 ,he c swim at ! rate ( ?ree miles an h\r1 & c dive to a consid]able di/ance4 ,?\gh he attacks man :5 hungry1 w\nd$1 or provok$1 he w n injure him :5 food m to 8 lik+ is at h&4 ,sir ,francis ,m',cl9tock relates an anecdote ( a native ( ,up]navik :o 0 out "o d>k w9t]'s day visit+ 8 seal-nets4 ,he f\nd a seal entangl$1 & :il/ kneel+ d[n ov] x ^u ! ice to get x cle>1 he receiv$ a slap on ! back--f 8 companion z he suppos$2 b a second & heavi] bl[ made him look sm>tly r\nd4 ,he 0 horror-/rick5 to see a peculi>ly grim old be> in/ead ( 8 comrade4 ,)\t tak+ fur!r notice ( ! man1 ,bru9 tore ! seal out ( ! net1 & began 8 supp]4 ,he 0 n int]rupt$1 nor did ! man wait to see ! meal f9i%$1 fe>+1 no d\bt1 t 8 un9vit$ & unc]emoni\s gue/ might keep a corn] = him4 ,_m in/ances h be5 obs]v$ ( ! peculi> sagacity ( ! ,pol> be>4 ,scoresby relates t ! capta9 ( a :al]1 be+ anxi\s to procure a be> )\t w\nd+ ! sk91 made trial ( ! /ratagem ( lay+ ! noose ( a rope 9 ! sn[1 & plac+ a piece ( kr5g1 or :ale's c>cass1 )9 x4 ,a be>1 rang+ ! neighbor+ ice1 0 soon entic$ to ! spot4 ,approa*+ ! bait1 he seiz$ x 9 8 m\?2 b 8 foot1 at ! same mom5t1 by a j]k ( ! rope1 be+ entangl$ 9 ! noose1 he pu%$ x (f ) ! adjo9+ paw1 & delib]ately retir$4 ,aft] hav+ eat5 ! piece he c>ri$ away ) him1 he return$4 ,! noose1 ) ano!r piece ( kr5g1 be+ !n replac$1 he pu%$ ! rope aside1 & aga9 walk$ triumphantly (f ) ! kr5g4 ,a ?ird "t ! noose 0 laid1 & ?is "t ! rope 0 buri$ 9 ! sn[1 & ! bait laid 9 a deep hole dug 9 ! c5tre4 ,b ,bru91 aft] snuff+ ab\t ! place = a few m9utes1 scrap$ ! sn[ away ) 8 paw1 ?rew ! rope aside1 & escap$ unhurt ) 8 prize4 ,! %e-be> is taught by a wond]ful in/9ct to %elt] h] "y "u ! sn[4 ,t[>ds ! mon? ( ,decemb] %e retreats to ! side ( a rock1 :]e1 by d9t ( scrap+ & all[+ ! sn[ to fall ^u h]1 %e =ms a cell 9 :i* to reside dur+ ! w9t]4 ,!re is no fe> t %e %\ld be /ifl$ = want ( air1 = ! w>m? ( h] brea? always keeps a small passage op51 & ! sn[1 in/ead ( =m+ a ?ick uni=m %eet1 is brok5 by a little hole1 r\nd :i* is collect$ a mass ( glitt]+ ho>-fro/1 caus$ by ! congelation ( ! brea?4 ,)9 ?is /range nurs]y %e produces h] "y1 & rema9s ) !m b5ea? ! sn[ until ! mon? ( ,m>*1 :5 %e em]ges into ! op5 air ) h] baby be>s4 ,z ! "t passes on1 ! brea? ( ! family1 toge!r ) ! w>m? exhal$ f _! bodies1 s]ves to enl>ge ! cell1 s t ) _! increas+ dim5sions ! accommodation is increas$ to suit !m4 ,z ! only use ( ! sn[-burr[ is to %elt] ! "y1 ! male be>s d n hib]nate l ! females1 b roam freely ab\t dur+ ! w9t] mon?s4 ,be=e retir+ "u ! sn[1 ! be> eats enorm\sly1 &1 driv5 by an unfail+ in/9ct1 resorts to ! mo/ nutriti\s diet1 s t %e becomes prodigi\sly fat1 ?us lay+ 9 an int]nal /ore ( alim5t>y matt] :i* enables h] n only to support h] own life1 b to suckle h] "y dur+ h] long seclusion1 )\t tak+ a morsel ( food4 ,by an admirable provision ( nature1 ! "y are ( wond]fully small dim5sions :5 comp>$ ) ! p>5t2 & z _! gr[?1 z long z !y rema9 conf9$ 9 _! cry/al nurs]y1 is rem>kably sl[1 !y consequ5tly ne$ b little food & space4 ,illu/ration3 #cg4 ,,home ,,( ,,! ,,pol> ,,be>4 ,! ,pol> be> is arm$ ) =midable weapons1 & a proportionate p[] to use !m4 ,8 claws are two in*es 9 l5g?1 & 8 can9e tee?1 exclusive ( ! "p 9 ! jaw1 ab\t an in* & a half4 ,?us ! ho>ds ( provisions :i* are frequ5tly deposit$ by ,arctic voyag]s to provide = "s future want1 h no great] enemy ?an ! ,pol> be>4 8,! f9al ca*e10 says ,kane1 8:i* ,i reli$ s mu* ^u1 0 entirely de/roy$4 ,x _h be5 built ) extreme c>e1 ( rocks :i* _h be5 assembl$ by v heavy labor1 & adju/$ ) mu* aid1 (t51 f cap/an-b>s z lev]s4 ,! entire con/ruction 01 s f> z our means p]mitt$1 mo/ effective & resi/+4 ,yet ^! tig]s ( ! ice seem$ h>dly to h enc\nt]$ an ob/acle4 ,n a morsel ( pemmican rema9$1 except 9 ! iron cases1 :i* be+ r\nd1 ) conical ends1 defi$ bo? claws & tee?4 ,!y _h roll$ & paw$ !m 9 e direction1 toss+ !m ab\t l footballs1 al?\gh ov] eighty p\nds 9 weight4 ,an alcohol c1 /rongly iron-b\nd1 0 da%$ into small fragm5ts1 & a t9 c ( liquor sma%$ & twi/$ almo/ into a ball4 ,! claws ( ! bea/ _h p]=at$ ! metal & torn x up z ) a *isel4 ,!y 7 too da9ty = salt meats2 gr\nd c(fee !y _h an evid5t reli% =2 old canvas 0 a favorite1 = "s reason or o!r2 ev5 our flag1 :i* _h be5 re>$ #8to take possession' ( ! wa/e1 0 gnaw$ d[n to ! v /aff4 ,!y _h made a regul> frolic ( x2 roll+ our bread-b>rels ov] ! ice2 &1 unable to ma/icate our heavy ,india-rubb] clo?1 !y _h ti$ x up 9 unimag9able h>d knots40 ,illu/ration3 #ch4 ,,! ,,gull4 ,numb]s ( sea-birds are f\nd bre$+ along ! ,arctic %ores z f> z man has hi!rto p5etrat$2 "s ev5 keep ! sea 9 ! high latitudes all ! w9t]1 :]ev] op5 wat] exi/s4 ,on ! mo/ nor!rn rocks ! razorbill re>s its "y1 & ! fulm> & ,ross's gull h be5 se5 9 lanes ( wat] beyond #hb lat4 ,z ! sun ga9s 9 p[]1 enorm\s troops ( puff9s1 looms1 dovekies1 rotges1 skuas1 burg]ma/]s1 ,sab9e's gulls1 kittiwakes1 ivory gulls1 & ,arctic t]ns1 return to ! nor?4 ,!re !y enjoy ! long summ] day1 & revel 9 ! abundance ( ! fi%-teem+ wat]s1 br++ life & animation into solitudes seldom or p]haps nev] di/urb$ by ! pres5ce ( man1 & m+l+ _! wild screams ) ! ho>se-res\nd+ surge or ! h[l+ ( ! /orm4 ,9 _m localities !y bre$ 9 su* abundance1 t x may be said1 almo/ )\t exagg]ation1 t !y d>k5 ! sun :5 !y fly1 & hide ! wat]s :5 !y swim4 ,illu/ration3 #ci4 ,,lava-,,fields4 ,,*apt] ,v4 ,,icel&4 ,volcanic ,orig9 ( ! ,isl&4--,! ,kl(a ,jkul4--,lava-/reams4-- ,! ,burn+ ,m\nta9s ( ,krisuvik4--,! ,mud-caldrons ( ,reykjahlid4--,! ,tungo-hv] at ,reykholt4--,! ,great ,geysir4-- ,! ,/rokkr4--,cry/al ,pools4--,! ,almannagja4--,! ,surts-hellir4--,beautiful ,ice-cave4--,! ,go?a ,foss4--,! ,detti ,foss4--,climate4--,vegetation4--,cattle 4--,b>b>\s ,mode ( ,%eep-%e>+4--,re9de]4--,pol> ,be>s4--,birds4--,! ,eid]-duck4--,videy4--,vigr4--,! ,wild ,swan4--,! ,rav54-- ,! ,j]falcon4--,! ,giant auk1 or ,geirfugl4--,fi%4--,fi%+ ,season4--,! ,:ite ,%>k4--,m9]al ,k+dom4--,sulphur4--,peat4-- ,drift-wood4 ,icel& might z well be call$ ,firel&1 = all its #dj1jjj squ>e miles h orig9ally be5 upheav$ f ! dep?s ( ! wat]s by volcanic p[]4 ,fir/1 at "s immeasurably di/ant p]iod ( ! _w's hi/ory1 ! small nucleus ( ! future isl& began to /ruggle into exi/5ce aga9/ ! sup]9cumb5t weight ( ! ocean2 !n1 9 ! c\rse ( ages1 cone rose aft] cone1 crat] 0 =m$ aft] crat]1 eruption foll[$ on eruption1 & lava-/ream on lava-/ream1 until f9ally ! ,icel& ( ! pres5t day 0 pil$ up ) h] gigantic 8jkuls10 or ice-m\nta9s1 & h] va/ promontories1 /ret*+ l huge buttresses f> out into ! sea4 ,9 w9t]1 :5 an almo/ p]petual night cov]s ! wa/es ( ?is fire-born l&1 & ! waves ( a /ormy ocean ?und] aga9/ its %ores1 imag9ation c h>dly picture a m desolate sc5e2 b 9 summ] ! rugg$ nature ( ,icel& inve/s itself ) _m a *>m4 ,!n ! eye reposes ) delight on gre5 valleys & cry/al lakes1 on ! purple hills or sn[-capp$ m\nta9s ris+ 9 ,alp9e gr&eur above ! di/ant horizon1 & ! /rang] might almo/ be tempt$ to exclaim ) h] patriotic sons1 8,icel& is ! be/ l& "u ! sun40 ,t x is "o ( ! mo/ int]e/+--?r\gh its hi/ory1 its inhabitants1 &1 above all1 its natural curiosities--no "o c d\bt4 ,x has all t c please & fasc9ate ! poet1 ! arti/1 ! geologi/1 or ! hi/orian2 ! prosaic utilit>ian alone1 accu/om$ to value a c\ntry m]ely by its productions1 might turn ) "s contempt f a l& )\t corn1 )\t =e/s1 )\t m9]al ri*es1 & cov]$ = ab\t two-?irds ( its surface ) bogs1 lava-wa/es1 & glaci]s4 ,! curse ( /]ility re/s *iefly on ! s\?-ea/]n & c5tral p>ts ( ! isl&4 ,"h no?+ is to be se5 b des]ts ( volcanic /one or imm5se ice-fields1 ! l>ge/ ( :i*--! ,kl(a ,jkul--alone ext5ds ov] m ?an #djjj squ>e miles4 ,! int]ior ( ?is va/ region ( nv & glaci] is totally unkn[n4 ,! highe/ peaks1 ! mo/ dreadful volcanoes ( ! isl&1 rise on ! s\!rn & s\?-we/]n bord]s ( ?is hi!rto inaccessible wa/e2 ! ,oraefa look+ d[n f a height ( #fjjj feet ^u all its rivals--! ,skapt>1 a "n ( dreadful significance 9 ! annals ( ,icel&1 & f>!r on1 l ! advanc$ gu>ds ( ?is ho/ ( slumb]+ fires1 ! ,katla1 ! ,myrdal1 ! ,eyjafjalla1 & ! ,hecla1 ! mo/ r5[n$1 ?\gh n ! mo/ t]rible1 ( all ! volcanoes ( ,icel&4 ,z ! ice-fields ( ?is nor!rn isl& f> surpass 9 magnitude ^? ( ! ,alps1 s also ! lava-/reams ( tna or ,vesuvius are insignificant :5 comp>$ ) ! enorm\s masses ( molt5 /one :i* at v>i\s p]iods h issu$ f ! crat]s ( ,icel&4 ,f ,m\nt ,skjaldebrei?1 on bo? sides ( ! lake ( ,?+valla z f> z ,cape ,reykjanes1 ! travell] sees an un9t]rupt$ lava-field m ?an sixty miles long1 & frequ5tly f twelve to fifte5 broad2 & lava-/reams ( /ill m gigantic proportions exi/ 9 _m o!r p>ts ( ! isl&1 p>ticul>ly 9 ! int]ior4 ,9 g5]al1 ^! lava-/reams h cool$ d[n into ! mo/ fanta/ic =ms imag9able4 8,x is h>dly possible10 says ,mr4 ,holl&1 8to give any idea ( ! g5]al appe>ance ( ^! once molt5 masses4 ,"h a great crag has toppl$ ov] into "s deep crevasse1 !re a huge mass has be5 upheav$ above ! fi]y /ream :i* has see!d & boil$ ar\nd its base4 ,"h is e %ape & figure t sculpture c\ld design or imag9ation picture1 jumbl$ toge!r 9 grotesque confusion1 :il/ ev]y:]e myriads ( horrid spikes & %>p %apeless irregul>ities bri/le amid/ !m40 ,by ! eruptions ( ! ,icel&ic volcanoes _m a fair mead[-l& has be5 conv]t$ into a /ony wild]ness2 b if ! subt]ranean fires h frequ5tly br\ght ru9 & desolation ov] ! isl&1 !y h also end[$ x ) _m natural wond]s4 ,9 ! 8burn+ m\nta9s0 ( ,krisuvik1 on ! s\?-we/]n coa/1 a :ole hill-slope1 ) a deep n>r[ gorge at its foot1 is cov]$ ) innum]able boil+ spr+s & fum>oles1 ^: d5se exhalations1 spread+ an intol]able /5*1 issue out ( ! e>? ) a hiss+ noise1 & completely hide ! view4 ,illu/ration3 #dj4 ,,effigy ,,9 ,,lava4 ,! ,nm>1 or boil+ mud-caldrons ( ,reykjahlid1 situat$ among a range ( m\nta9s ne> ! ,myvatn 7,gnat-,lake71 9 "o ( ! mo/ solit>y spots 9 ! nor? ( ! isl&1 on ! bord] ( enorm\s lava-fields & ( a va/ unkn[n wild]ness1 exhibit volcanic p[] on a /ill m gigantic scale4 ,!re are no less ?an twelve ( ^! see?+ pits1 all fill$ ) a disgu/+ ?ick slimy gray or black liquid1 boil+ or simm]+ ) great] or less vehem5ce1 & emitt+ d5se volumes ( /eam /rongly impregnat$ ) sulphur\s gases4 ,"s sputt] furi\sly1 scatt]+ _! cont5ts on e side1 :ile 9 o!rs ! muddy s\p appe>s too ?ick to boil1 & aft] rema9+ quiesc5t = ab\t half a m9ute1 rises up a few in*es 9 ! c5tre ( ! bas91 emits a puff ( /eam1 & !n subsides into its =m] /ate4 ,! diamet] ( ! l>ge/ ( all ! pits c n be less ?an fifte5 feet2 & x is a sort ( mud ,geysir1 = at int]vals a column ( its black liquid cont5ts1 accompani$ ) a viol5t ru% ( /eam1 is ?r[n up to ! height ( six or eight feet4 ,pr(essor ,s>torius von ,walt]%aus51 "o ( ! few travell]s :o h visit$ ?is rem>kable spot1 says t ! wit*es 9 ,macbe? c\ld n possibly h desir$ a m fitt+ place = ! prep>ation ( _! inf]nal gruel ?an ! mud-caldrons ( ,reykjahlid4 ,among ! hot or boil+ spr+s ( ,icel&1 :i* 9 hundr$s ( places gu% =? at ! foot ( ! m\nta9s1 "s are ( a g5tle & ev5 fl[1 & c be us$ = ba?+1 wa%+1 or boil+1 :ile o!rs ( an int]mitt5t nature are m]e objects ( curiosity or wond]4 ,"o ( ! mo/ rem>kable ( ! latt] is ! ,tungo-hv]1 at ,reykholt1 9 ! 8valley ( smoke10 ?us nam$ f ! columns ( vapor emitt$ by ! !rmal spr+s :i* are "h scatt]$ ab\t ) a lavi% h&4 ,x consi/s ( two f\nta9s )9 a y>d ( ea* o!r--! l>g] "o vomit+ a column ( boil+ wat] t5 feet high = ! space ( ab\t f\r m9utes1 :5 x entirely subsides1 & !n ! small] "o op]ates = ab\t ?ree m9utes1 eject+ a column ( ab\t five feet4 ,! alt]nation is p]fectly regul> 9 "t & =ce1 & !re are au!ntic acc\nts ( its unfail+ exactitude = ! la/ hundr$ ye>s4 ,b ( all ! spr+s & f\nta9s ( ,icel& !re is none to equal1 ei!r 9 gr&eur or r5[n1 ! ,great ,geysir1 :i* is n m]ely "o ( ! curiosities ( ! c\ntry1 b "o ( ! wond]s ( ! e>?1 z !re is no?+ to comp>e to x 9 any o!r "p ( ! _w4 ,at ! foot ( ! ,laugafjall hill1 9 a gre5 pla91 ?r\gh :i* sev]al riv]s me&] l ?reads ( silv]1 & :]e *a9s ( d>k-color$ m\nta9s1 ov]topp$ "h & !re by di/ant sn[-peaks1 =m a gr& b melan*oly panorama1 d5se volumes ( /eam indicate f af> ! site ( a :ole sy/em ( !rmal spr+s congregat$ on a small piece ( gr\nd :i* does n exce$ twelve acres4 ,9 any o!r spot1 ! smalle/ ( ^! boil+ f\nta9s w\ld arre/ ! travell]'s att5tion1 b "h 8 :ole m9d is absorb$ by ! ,great ,geysir4 ,9 ! c\rse ( c\ntless ages ?is mon>* ( spr+s has =m$1 out ( ! silica x deposits1 a m\nd :i* rises to ab\t ?irty feet above ! g5]al surface ( ! pla91 & slopes on all sides to ! di/ance ( a hundr$ feet or !reab\ts f ! bord] ( a l>ge circul> bas9 situat$ 9 its c5tre1 & measur+ ab\t fifty-six feet 9 ! greate/ diamet] & fifty-two feet 9 ! n>r[e/4 ,9 ! middle ( ?is bas91 =m+ z x 7 a gigantic funnel1 !re is a pipe or tube1 :i* at its op5+ 9 ! bas9 is eighte5 or sixte5 feet 9 diamet]1 b n>r[s consid]ably at a little di/ance f ! m\?1 & !n appe>s to be n m ?an t5 or twelve feet 9 diamet]4 ,x has be5 prob$ to a dep? ( sev5ty feet1 b x is m ?an probable t hidd5 *annels ramify f>!r into ! b[els ( ! e>?4 ,! sides ( ! tube are smoo?ly poli%$1 & s h>d t x is n possible to /rike (f a piece ( x ) a hamm]4 ,g5]ally ! :ole bas9 is f\nd fill$ up to ! brim ) sea-gre5 wat] z pure z cry/al1 & ( a temp]ature ( f #ahj to #aij4 ,a/oni%$ at ! placid tranquillity ( ! pool1 ! travell] c h>dly believe t he is really /&+ on ! br9k ( ! f>-fam$ ,geysir2 b sudd5ly a subt]ranean ?und] is he>d1 ! gr\nd trembles "u 8 feet1 ! wat] 9 ! bas9 beg9s to simm]1 & l>ge bubbles ( /eam rise f ! tube & bur/ on rea*+ ! surface1 ?r[+ up small jets ( spray to ! height ( sev]al feet4 ,e in/ant he expects to witness ! gr& spectacle :i* has *iefly induc$ him to visit ?is nor!rn l&1 b soon ! bas9 becomes tranquil z be=e1 & ! d5se vapors produc$ by ! ebullition are waft$ away by ! breeze4 ,^! small] eruptions are regul>ly repeat$ e eighty or n9ety m9utes1 b frequ5tly ! travell] is oblig$ to wait a :ole day1 or ev5 long]1 be=e he sees ! :ole p[] ( ! ,geysir4 ,a detonation l\d] ?an usual prec$es "o ( ^! gr& eruptions2 ! wat] 9 ! bas9 is viol5tly agitat$2 ! tube boils vehem5tly2 & sudd5ly a magnific5t column ( wat]1 clo!d 9 vapor ( a dazzl+ :it5ess1 %oots up into ! air ) imm5se impetuosity & noise to ! height ( sev5ty or eighty feet1 &1 radiat+ at its apex1 %[]s wat] & /eam 9 e direction4 ,a second eruption & a ?ird rapidly foll[1 & aft] a few m9utes ! fairy spectacle has pass$ away l a fanta/ic vision4 ,! bas9 is n[ completely dri$ up1 & on look+ d[n into ! %aft1 "o is a/oni%$ to see ! wat] ab\t six feet f ! rim1 & z tranquil z 9 an ord9>y well4 ,aft] ab\t ?irty or =ty m9utes x aga9 beg9s to rise1 & aft] a few h\rs rea*es ! brim ( ! bas91 :5ce x fl[s d[n ! slope ( ! m\nd into ! ,hvita1 or ,:ite ,riv]4 ,soon ! subt]rane\s ?und]1 ! %ak+ ( ! gr\nd1 ! simm]+ above ! tube1 & ! o!r ph5om5a :i* att5d ea* m9or eruption1 beg9 aga91 to be foll[$ by a new p]iod ( re/1 & ?us ?is wond]ful play ( nature goes on day aft] day1 ye> aft] ye>1 & c5tury aft] c5tury4 ,! m\nd ( ! ,geysir be>s witness to its imm5se antiquity1 z its wat] conta9s b a m9ute portion ( silica4 ,illu/ration3 #da4 ,,! ,,/rokkr4 ,aft] ! ,geysir1 ! mo/ rem>kable f\nta9 ( ^! ,phlegran fields is ! great ,/rokkr1 situat$ ab\t f\r hundr$ feet f ! =m]4 ,its tube1 ! m>g9 ( :i* is almo/ ev5 ) ! g5]al surface1 ! small m\nd & bas9 be+ h>dly disc]nible1 is funnel-%ap$1 or resembl+ ! fl[] ( a convolvulus1 hav+ a dep? ( =ty-eight feet1 & a diamet] ( six feet at ! m\?1 b contract+1 at tw5ty-two feet f ! bottom1 to only elev5 in*es4 ,! wat] /&s f n9e to twelve feet "u ! brim1 & is g5]ally 9 viol5t ebullition4 ,a %ort "t be=e ! beg9n+ ( ! eruptions1 :i* are m frequ5t ?an ^? ( ! ,great ,geysir1 an enorm\s mass ( /eam ru%es f ! tube1 & is foll[$ by a rapid succession ( jets1 sometimes ris+ to ! height ( #abj or #aej feet1 & dissolv+ into silv]y mi/4 ,a peculi>ity ( ! ,/rokkr is t x c at any "t be provok$ to an eruption by ?r[+ into ! orifice l>ge masses ( peat or turf2 ?us *ok+ ! %aft1 & prev5t+ ! free escape ( ! /eam4 ,aft] ! lapse ( ab\t t5 m9utes1 ! boil+ fluid1 z if indignant at ?is attempt ^u its lib]ty1 heaves up a column ( mud & wat]1 ) fragm5ts ( peat1 z black z ink4 ,ab\t #aej paces f ! ,great ,geysir are sev]al pools ( ! mo/ beautifully cle> wat]1 t9t+ ) e %ade ( ! pure/ gre5 & blue ! fanta/ical =ms ( ! silici\s trav]t9 :i* clo!s _! sides4 ,! slighte/ motion communicat$ to ! surface quiv]s d[n to ! bottom ( ^! cry/al grottoes1 & imp>ts :at might be call$ a sympa!tic tremor ( ! wat] to e delicate incru/ation & plant-l effloresc5ce4 8,aladd9's ,cave c\ld n be m beautiful10 says ,prey]2 & ,mr4 ,holl& rem>ks t nei!r description nor draw+ is capable ( giv+ a suffici5t idea ( ! s+ul>ity & lovel9ess ( ?is spot4 ,9 _m places x is dang]\s to approa* )9 sev]al feet ( ! m>g91 z ! e>? ov]hangs ! wat]1 & is holl[ und]nea?1 support$ only by incru/ations sc>cely a foot ?ick4 ,a plunge into wat]s ( ab\t #bjj w\ld be pay+ r too de>ly = ! contemplation ( _! fairy-l beauty4 ,illu/ration3 #db4 ,,entrance ,,to ,,! ,,almannagja4 ,! gigantic *asm ( ! ,almannagja is ano!r ( ! volcanic wond]s ( ,icel&4 ,aft] a long & t$i\s ride ov] ! va/ lava-pla9 :i* ext5ds betwe5 ! ,skalafell & ! lake ( ,?+valla1 ! travell] sudd5ly f9ds himself arre/$ 9 8 pa? by an app>5tly insurm\ntable ob/acle1 = ! enorm\s ,almannagja1 or ,allman's ,rift1 sudd5ly gapes b5ea? 8 feet--a colossal r5t ext5d+ above a mile 9 l5g?1 & inclos$ on bo? sides by abrupt walls ( black lava1 frequ5tly upw>d ( a hundr$ feet high1 & sep>at$ f ab\t fifty to sev5ty feet f ea* o!r4 ,illu/ration3 #dc4 ,,! ,,almannagja4 ,a correspond+ *asm1 b ( inf]ior dim5sions1 ! ,hrafnagja1 or ,rav5's ,rift1 op5s its black ramp>t to ! ea/1 ab\t eight miles f>!r on2 & bo? =m ! b\nd>ies ( ! v]dant pla9 ( ,?+valla1 :i* by a gr& convulsion ( nature has itself be5 %att]$ into innum]able small p>allel crevices & fissures fifty or sixty feet deep4 ,illu/ration3 #dd4 ,,! ,,hrafnagja4 ,( ! ,hrafnagja ,mr4 ,ross ,br[ne says3 8,a toilsome ride ( eight miles br\ght u to ! edge ( ! ,pass1 :i* 9 po9t ( rugg$ gr&eur f> surpasses ! ,almannagja1 ?\gh x lacks ! ext5t & symmetry :i* give ! latt] su* a rem>kable effect4 ,"h 0 a trem5d\s gap 9 ! e>?1 ov] a hundr$ feet deep1 hack$ & %iv]$ into a ?\s& fanta/ic %apes2 ! sides a succession ( ! wilde/ accid5ts2 ! bottom a *aos ( brok5 lava1 all toss$ ab\t 9 ! mo/ t]rific confusion4 ,x is n1 h[ev]1 ! extraord9>y desolation ( ! sc5e t con/itutes its pr9cipal int]e/4 ,! resi/less p[] :i* _h r5t ! great lava-b$ asund]1 z if t\*$ ) pity at ! ru91 _h also flung f ! tott]+ cliffs a causeway across ! gap1 :i* n[ =ms ! only means ( pass+ ov] ! great ,hrafnagja4 ,no human h&s c\ld h creat$ su* a colossal "w z ?is2 ! imag9ation is lo/ 9 its massive gr&eur2 & :5 we reflect t miles ( an almo/ impassable c\ntry w\ld o!rwise h to be trav]s$ 9 ord] to rea* ! opposite side ( ! gap1 ! conclusion is irresi/ible t 9 ! battle ( ! elem5ts ,nature /ill _h a k9dly remembrance ( man4 ,illu/ration3 #de4 ,,! ,,t9tron ,,rock4 8,five or six miles beyond ! ,hrafnagja1 ne> ! summit ( a divid+ ridge1 we came ^u a v s+ul> volcanic =mation1 call$ ! ,t9tron4 ,x /&s1 a little to ! "r ( ! trail1 on a rise ( scoria & burnt e>?1 f :i* x juts up 9 rugg$ relief to ! height ( tw5ty or ?irty feet4 ,?is is1 /rictly speak+1 a huge cl9k]1 n unlike :at comes out ( a grate--h>d1 glassy 9 spots1 & scraggy all ov]4 ,! top "p is %ap$ l a %ell2 9 ! c5tre is a hole ab\t ?ree feet 9 diamet]1 :i* op5s into a va/ subt]ranean cavity ( unkn[n dep?4 ,:e!r ! ,t9tron is an ext9ct crat]1 ?r\gh :i* fires %ot out ( ! e>? 9 by-gone times1 or an isolat$ mass ( lava1 :irl$ ?r\gh ! air out ( "s di/ant volcano1 is a "q t geologi/s mu/ det]m9e4 ,! probability is t x is "o ( ^? natural curiosities s common 9 ,icel& :i* defy rese>*4 ,! :ole c\ntry is full ( anomalies--bogs :]e "o w\ld expect to f9d dry l&1 & p>*$ des]ts :]e x w\ld n seem /range to see bogs2 fire :]e wat] ought to be1 & wat] 9 ! place ( fire40 ,illu/ration3 #df4 ,,fall ,,( ,,! ,,ox]aa4 8,ages ago10 says ,"l ,duff]91 8"s va/ commotion %ook ! f\ndations ( ! isl&2 & bubbl+ up f s\rces f> away amid ! inl& hills1 a fi]y deluge mu/ h ru%$ d[n betwe5 _! ridges1 until1 escap+ f ! n>r[] gorges1 x f\nd space to spread itself into "o broad %eet ( molt5 /one ov] an entire di/rict ( c\ntry1 r$uc+ its v>i$ surface to "o va/ black5$ level4 ,"o ( two ?+s !n occurr$3 ei!r1 ! vitrifi$ mass contract+ z x cool$1 ! c5tre area ( fifty squ>e miles 7! pres5t pla9 ( ,?+valla7 bur/ asund] at ei!r side f ! adjo9+ plateau1 & s9k+ d[n to its pres5t level1 left two p>allel gjas1 or *asms1 :i* =m its lat]al b\nd>ies1 to m>k ! limits ( ! disruption2 or else1 :ile ! pi? or m>r[ ( ! lava 0 /ill 9 a fluid /ate1 its upp] surface became solid1 & =m$ a ro(1 b5ea? :i* ! molt5 /ream fl[$ on to l[] levels1 leav+ a va/ cav]n into :i* ! upp] cru/ subsequ5tly plump$ d[n40 ,9 ! lapse ( ye>s1 ! bottom ( ! ,almannagja has become gradually fill$ up to an ev5 surface1 cov]$ ) ! mo/ beautiful turf1 except :]e ! riv] ,ox]aa1 b\nd+ 9 a magnific5t cat>act f ! high] plateau ov] ! precipice1 fl[s = a c]ta9 di/ance betwe5 its walls4 ,at ! foot ( ! fall ! wat]s l+] = a mom5t 9 a d>k1 deep1 brimm+ pool1 hemm$ 9 by a circle ( ru9$ rocks1 9 :i* anci5tly all wom5 convict$ ( capital crimes 7 imm$iately dr[n$4 ,_m a poor crone1 accus$ ( wit*craft1 has ?us end$ h] days 9 ! ,almannagja4 ,z may easily be imag9$1 x is r a n]ve-try+ task to desc5d into ! *asm ov] a rugg$ lava-slope1 :]e ! lea/ false /ep may prove fatal2 b ! ,icel&ic horses are s sure-foot$ t !y c safely be tru/$4 ,f ! bottom x is easy to di/+ui% on ! "o face m>ks & =mations exactly correspond+1 ?\gh at a diff]5t level1 ) ^? on ! face opposite1 & evid5tly %[+ t !y once _h dovetail$ into ea* o!r1 be=e ! igne\s mass 0 r5t asund]4 ,two leagues f ,kalman/unga1 9 an imm5se lava-field1 :i* probably orig9at$ 9 ! ,bald ,jkul1 are situat$ ! r5[n$ ,surts-hellir1 or caves ( ,surtur1 ! pr9ce ( d>kness & fire ( ! anci5t ,sc&9avian my?ology4 ,! pr9cipal entrance to ! caves is an ext5sive *asm =m$ by ! fall+ 9 ( a "p ( ! lava-ro(2 s t1 on desc5d+ into x1 ! visitor f9ds himself "r 9 ! m\? ( ! ma9 cav]n1 :i* runs 9 an almo/ /raight l9e1 & is ne>ly a mile 9 l5g?4 ,its av]age height is ab\t =ty1 & its bread? fifty feet4 ,! lava-cru/ :i* =ms its ro( is ab\t twelve feet ?ick1 & has ! appe>ance ( be+ /ratifi$ & column>1 l basaltic pill>s1 9 its =mation4 ,_m ( ! blocks ( lava ?us =m$ h become deta*$ & fall5 into ! cav]n1 :]e !y lie pil$ up 9 great heaps1 & heavily tax ! pati5ce ( ! travell]1 :o has to scramble ov] ! rugg$ /ones1 & c h>dly avoid slipp+ & /umbl+ into ! holes betwe5 !m1 v>i$ by pools ( wat] & masses ( sn[4 ,b aft] hav+ toil$ & plodd$ to ! extremity ( ?is dismal cav]n1 8 p]sev]ance is amply rew>d$ by ! sight ( an ice-grotto1 ^: fairy beauty appe>s /ill m *>m+1 9 contra/ ) its gloomy ve/ibule4 ,f ! cry/al floor rises gr\p aft] gr\p ( transp>5t pill>s tap]+ to a po9t1 :ile f ! ro( brilliant icy p5dants hang d[n to meet !m4 ,columns & ar*es ( ice are rang$ along ! cry/all9e walls1 & ! light ( ! c&les is reflect$ back a hundr$-fold f e side1 till ! :ole cav]n %9es ) a/oni%+ lu/re4 ,mr4 ,holl&1 ! late/ visitor ( ! ,surts-hellir1 decl>es he nev] saw a m brilliant spectacle2 & ! ,g]man naturali/1 ,prey]1 pron\nces x "o ( ! mo/ magnific5t sights 9 nature1 rem9d+ him ( ! fairy grottoes ( ! ,arabian ,nights' ,tales4 ,f ! m\nta9s & ! va/ plateau :i* occupies ! c5tre ( ! isl&1 num]\s riv]s desc5d on all sides1 :i*1 f$ 9 summ] by ! melt+ glaci]s1 p\r enorm\s quantities ( turbid wat] into ! sea1 or conv]t l>ge alluvial flats into morasses4 ,?\gh ( a consid]able bread?1 _! c\rse is frequ5tly v %ort1 p>ticul>ly along ! s\!rn coa/1 :]e ! jokuls f :i* !y d]ive _! bir? are only sep>at$ f ! sea by a n>r[ =el&4 ,9 _! impetu\s fl[1 !y n seldom be> huge blocks ( /one along ) !m1 & cut (f all communication betwe5 ! inhabitants ( _! opposite banks4 ,! *ief riv]s ( ,icel& are1 9 ! s\?1 ! ,?iorsa & ! ,hvita1 :i* are n inf]ior 9 wid? to ! ,rh9e 9 ! middle "p ( its c\rse2 9 ! nor?1 ! ,skjalf&afljot & ! ,jkulsa & ! ,jkulsa i ,ax>firdi1 l>ge & rapid /reams above a hundr$ miles long2 & 9 ! ea/ ! ,lag>fliot4 ,z may be expect$ 9 a m\nta9\s c\ntry1 conta9+ _m glaci]-f$ riv]s1 ,icel& has num]\s cascades1 _m ( !m rivall+ or surpass+ 9 beauty ! f>-fam$ falls ( ,switz]l&4 ,"o ( ! mo/ celebrat$ ( ^! gems ( nature is ! ,goda-foss1 9 ! nor!rn "p ( ! isl&1 =m$ by ! deep & rapid ,skjalf&afljot1 z x ru%es ) a deaf5+ ro> ov] rocks fifty feet high into ! caldron bel[2 b x is f> surpass$ 9 magnific5ce by ! ,dettifoss1 a fall ( ! ,jkulsa i ,ax>firdi4 8,9 "s ( old e>?'s convulsions10 says its discov]]1 ,mr4 ,g\ld1--= f its remote situation1 deep 9 ! nor!rn wilds ( ,icel&1 x _h escap$ ! curi\s eye ( previ\s travell]s--8! cru/ ( rock has be5 r5t1 & a frightful fissure =m$ 9 ! basalt1 ab\t #bjj feet deep1 ) ! sides column> & p]p5dicul>4 ,! ga% t]m9ates abruptly at an acute angle1 & at ?is spot ! great riv] rolls 94 ,! wrea?s ( wat] sweep+ d[n2 ! fr5zy ( ! conf9$ /reams :]e !y meet1 %oot+ into ea* o!r f ei!r side at ! apex ( an angle2 ! wild reb\nd :5 !y /rike a head ( rock1 lur*+ out half way d[n2 ! fitful gleam ( battl+ torr5ts1 obta9$ ?r\gh a veil ( eddy+ vapor2 ! ,geysir-sp\ts :i* bl[ up ab\t sev5ty feet f holes :5ce basaltic columns h be5 %ot by ! =ce ( ! desc5d+ wat]2 ! bla/s ( spray :i* ru% upw>d & bur/ into fi]ce %[]s on ! br9k1 fe$+ rills :i* plunge ov] ! edge z soon z !y are born2 ! :ite wri?+ vortex bel[1 ) n[ & !n an ice-gre5 wave te>+ ?r\gh ! foam to la% aga9/ ! walls2 ! ?und] & bell[+ ( ! wat]1 :i* make ! rock %udd] "u foot1 are all /amp$ on my m9d ) a vividness :i* x w take ye>s to efface4 ,! ,almannagja is no?+ to ?is *asm1 & ,s*affhaus5 is dw>f$ by ,dettifoss40 ,! ocean-curr5ts :i* wa% ! coa/s ( ,icel& f opposite directions h a consid]able influ5ce on its climate4 ,! s\? & we/ coa/s1 front+ ! ,atlantic1 & expos$ to ! ,gulf ,/ream1 rema9 ice-free ev5 9 w9t]1 & enjoy a comp>atively mild temp]ature1 :ile ! cold ,pol> curr5t1 fl[+ 9 a s\?-we/]n direction f ,spitzb]g5 to ,jan ,may5 & ,icel&1 conveys almo/ e ye> to ! ea/]n & nor!rn %ores ( ! isl& l>ge masses ( drift-ice1 :i* sometimes d n disappe> be=e ,july or ev5 ,augu/4 ,accord+ to ,dr4 ,?or/5s51 ! mean annual temp]ature ( ! air at ,reykjavik is #dj1 & t ( ! sea #db1 :ile accord+ to ,h]r von ,s*eele ! mean annual temp]ature at ,akureyre1 on ! nor? coa/1 is only #cc1 ?\gh ev5 ?is %[s a comp>atively mild climate 9 s high a latitude4 ,b if ,icel&1 ?anks to its insul> position & to ! influ5ce ( ! ,gulf ,/ream1 rema9s free f ! excessive w9t] cold ( ! ,arctic cont95ts1 its summ]1 on ! o!r h&1 is inf]ior 9 w>m? to t :i* reigns 9 ! int]ior ( ,sib]ia1 or ( ! ,hudson's ,bay t]ritories4 ,! mean summ] temp]ature at ,reykjavik is n above #ed2 dur+ _m ye>s ! !rmomet] nev] rises a s+le "t above #hj2 sometimes ev5 its maximum is n high] ?an #ei2 &1 on ! nor!rn coa/1 sn[ n seldom falls ev5 9 ! middle ( summ]4 ,"u su* circum/ances1 ! cultivation ( ! c]eals is ( c\rse impossible2 & :5 ! drift-ice rema9s long] ?an usual on ! nor!rn coa/s1 x prev5ts ev5 ! gr[? ( ! grass1 & want & fam9e are ! consequ5ce4 ,! ,icel&ic summ] is *>act]iz$ by con/ant *anges 9 ! wea!r1 ra9 cont9ually alt]nat+ ) sun%9e1 z ) u 9 ,april4 ,! air is b seldom tranquil1 & /orms ( t]rific viol5ce are ( frequ5t occurr5ce4 ,t[>ds ! end ( ,septemb] w9t] beg9s1 prec$$ by mi/s1 :i* f9ally desc5d 9 ?ick masses ( sn[4 ,travell+ ov] ! m\nta9-tracks is at ?is "t p>ticul>ly dang]\s1 al?\gh cairns or piles ( /one s]ve to po9t out ! way1 & "h & !re1 z ov] ! passes ( ! ,alps1 small huts h be5 erect$ to s]ve z a refuge = ! travell]4 ,9 =m] times ,icel& c\ld boa/ ( =e/s1 s t h\ses & ev5 %ips us$ to be built ( indig5\s timb]2 at pres5t x is almo/ entirely de/itute ( trees1 = ! dw>f %rubb]ies "h & !re met )1 :]e ! bir* h>dly atta9s ! height ( tw5ty feet1 are n to be dignifi$ ) ! "n ( woods4 ,a s]vice-tree 7,sorbus ancup>ia7 f\rte5 feet high1 & measur+ ?ree in*es 9 diamet] at ! foot1 is ! boa/ ( ! gov]nor's g>d5 at ,reykjavik2 x is1 h[ev]1 surpass$ by ano!r at ,akureyre1 :i* spreads a full cr[n tw5ty feet f ! gr\nd1 b nev] sees its clu/]s ( b]ries rip5 into sc>let4 ,! damp & cool ,icel&ic summ]1 ?\gh x prev5ts ! successful cultivation ( corn1 is favorable to ! gr[? ( grasses1 s t 9 "s ( ! bett] f>ms ! pa/ure-gr\nds are h>dly inf]ior to ! f9e/ mead[s 9 ,engl&4 ,ab\t "o-?ird ( ! surface ( ! c\ntry is cov]$ ) vegetation ( "s sort or o!r fit = ! n\ri%m5t ( cattle2 b1 z yet1 art has done little = its improvem5t--pl\gh+1 s[+1 dra9age1 & levell+ be+ ?+s undreamt (4 ,) ! exception ( ! grasses1 :i* are ( p>am\nt importance1 & ! trees1 :i*1 9 spite ( _! /unt$ proportions1 are ( great value1 z !y supply ! isl&]s ) ! *>coal ne$$ = %oe+ _! horses1 few ( ! indig5\s plants ( ,icel& are ( any use to man4 ,! ,angelica ar*angelica is eat5 raw ) butt]2 ! matt$ roots or /ems ( ! ,m5yan!s trifoliata s]ve to protect ! backs ( ! horses aga9/ ! rubb+ ( ! saddle2 & ! ,icel&ic moss1 :i* is frequ5tly boil$ 9 milk1 is likewise an article ( exportation4 ,! want ( bett] gra9 frequ5tly compels ! poor isl&]s to bake a k9d ( bread f ! se$s ( ! s&-re$ 7,elymus ar5>ius71 :i* on our dunes are m]ely pick$ by ! birds ( passage2 & ! o>we$ or tangle 7,lam9>ia sac*>9a7 is priz$ z a vegetable 9 a l& :]e potatoes & turnips are b r>ely cultivat$4 ,:5 ! fir/ settl]s came to ,icel&1 !y f\nd b two indig5\s l&-quadrup$s3 a species ( field-vole 7,arvicola conomus7 & ! ,arctic fox2 b ! seas & %ores 7 no d\bt t5ant$ by a l>g] numb] ( :ales1 dolph9s1 & seals ?an at ! pres5t day4 ,! ox1 ! %eep1 & ! horse :i* accompani$ ! ,norse coloni/s to _! new home1 =m ! /aple weal? ( _! desc5dants2 = ! numb] ( ^? :o live by bre$+ cattle is z ?ree to "o1 comp>$ ) ^? :o *iefly dep5d on ! sea = _! subsi/5ce4 ,milk & :ey are almo/ ! only bev]ages ( ! ,icel&]s4 ,)\t butt] !y w eat no fi%2 & curdl$ milk1 :i* !y eat fre% 9 summ] & pres]ve 9 a s\r /ate dur+ ! w9t]1 is _! favorite repa/4 ,?us !y set ! highe/ value on _! cattle1 & t5d !m ) ! greate/ c>e4 ,9 ! pres]vation ( _! %eep1 !y are mu* hamp]$ by ! badness ( ! climate1 by ! scant9ess ( w9t] food1 & by ! attacks ( ! eagles1 ! rav5s1 & ! foxes1 m p>ticul>ly at ! lamb+ season1 :5 va/ numb]s ( ! "y animals are c>ri$ (f by all ( !m4 ,! wool is n %e>$ (f1 b torn f ! animal's back1 & wov5 by ! peasantry1 dur+ ! long w9t] ev5+s1 into a k9d ( co>se clo?1 or knit into gloves & /ock+s1 :i* =m "o ( ! *ief articles ( export4 8,:ile at breakfa/10 says ,mr4 ,%eph]d1 8we witness$ ! ,icel&ic me?od ( %eep-%e>+4 ,?ree or f\r p[]ful "y wom5 seiz$1 & easily ?rew on _! backs ! /ruggl+ victims4 ,! legs 7 !n ti$1 & ! wool pull$ (f by ma9 =ce4 ,x seem$1 f ! contortions ( "s ( ! wret*$ animals1 to be a cruel me?od2 b we 7 told t !re is a p]iod 9 ! ye> :5 ! "y wool1 beg9n+ to gr[1 pu%es ! old out be=e x1 s t ! old coat is easily pull$ out40 ,! numb] ( heads ( cattle 9 ! isl& is ab\t #dj1jjj1 t ( ! %eep #ejj1jjj4 ,! horses1 :i* numb] f #ej1jjj to #fj1jjj1 ?\gh small1 are v robu/ & h>dy4 ,!re be+ no :eel c>riages on ! isl&1 !y are m]ely us$ = rid+ & z bea/s ( burd54 ,_! s]vices are indisp5sable1 z )\t !m ! ,icel&]s w\ld n h ! means ( travell+ & c>ry+ _! produce to ! fi%+ villages or ports at :i* ! annual supplies arrive f ,cop5hag54 ,9 w9t] ! poor animals mu/ f9d _! own food1 & are consequ5tly m]e skeletons 9 spr+2 !y1 h[ev]1 soon recov] 9 summ]1 ?\gh ev5 !n !y h no?+ :atev] b ! grass & small plants :i* !y c pick up on ! hills4 ,! dogs are v simil> to ^? ( ,lapl& & ,gre5l&4 ,l !m1 !y h long hair1 =m+ a k9d ( coll> r\nd ! neck1 a po9t$ nose1 po9t$ e>s1 & an elevat$ curl$ tail1 ) a temp] :i* may be *>act]iz$ z re/less & irritable4 ,_! g5]al color is :ite4 ,9 ! ye> #aggj ?irte5 re9de] 7 br\ght f ,norway4 ,t5 ( !m di$ dur+ ! passage1 b ! ?ree t surviv$ h multipli$ s fa/ t l>ge h]ds n[ roam ov] ! un9habit$ wa/es4 ,dur+ ! w9t]1 :5 hung] drives !m into ! l[] di/ricts1 !y are frequ5tly %ot2 b no attempts h be5 made to tame !m3 =1 ?\gh indisp5sable to ! ,lapl&]1 !y are q sup]flu\s 9 ,icel&1 :i* is too rugg$ & too mu* int]sect$ by /reams to admit ( sl$g+4 ,!y are1 9 fact1 g5]ally consid]$ z a nuisance1 z !y eat away ! ,icel&ic moss1 :i* ! isl&]s w\ld will+ly keep = _! own use4 ,illu/ration3 #dg4 ,,icel&ic ,,horses4 ,! ,pol> be> is b a casual visitor 9 ,icel&4 ,ab\t a doz5 come drift+ e ye> ) ! ice f ,jan ,may51 or ,spitzb]g51 to ! nor!rn %ores4 ,rav5\s ) hung]1 !y imm$iately attack ! fir/ h]ds !y meet )2 b _! ravages d n la/ long1 = ! neighborhood1 aris+ 9 arms1 soon puts an end to _! exi/5ce4 ,9 ,icel& ! orni?ologi/ f9ds a ri* field = 8 favorite /udy1 z !re are no less ?an eighty-two diff]5t species ( indig5\s birds1 besides tw5ty-"o t are only casual visitors1 & six t h be5 introduc$ by man4 ,! swampy gr\nds 9 ! int]ior ( ! c\ntry are peopl$ ) legions ( gold5 & k+ plov]s1 ( snipes & r$-%anks2 ! lakes ab\nd ) swans1 ducks1 & geese ( v>i\s k9ds2 ! sn[-bunt+ enliv5s ! solitude ( ! rocky wild]ness ) 8 lively note1 &1 :]ev] grass gr[s1 ! common pipit 7,an?us prat5sis7 builds its neat little ne/1 well l9$ ) horsehair4 ,l ! l>k1 he rises s++ f ! gr\nd1 & frequ5tly surprises ! travell] ) 8 melodi\s w>bl+1 :i* s\nds d\bly sweet 9 ! lifeless wa/e4 ,illu/ration3 #dh4 ,,%oot+ ,,re9de]4 ,! eid]-duck holds ! fir/ rank among ! useful birds ( ,icel&4 ,its *ief bre$+-places are small flat isl&s on v>i\s p>ts ( ! coa/1 :]e x is safe f ! attacks ( ! ,arctic fox1 su* z ,akurey1 ,flatey1 & ,videy1 :i*1 f its vic9ity to ,reykjavik1 is frequ5tly visit$ by travell]s4 ,all ^! bre$+-places are private prop]ty1 & sev]al h be5 = c5turies 9 ! possession ( ! same families1 :i*1 ?anks to ! birds1 are among ! weal?ie/ ( ! l&4 ,x may easily be imag9$ t ! eid]-ducks are gu>d$ ) ! mo/ s$ul\s c>e4 ,:oev] kills "o is oblig$ to pay a f9e ( ?irty doll>s2 & ! secret+ ( an egg1 or ! pocket+ ( a few d[ns1 is puni%$ ) all ! rigor ( ! law4 ,! *ief occupation ( ,mr4 ,/eph5son1 ! ag$ proprietor ( ,videy1 :o dwells alone on ! islet1 is to exam9e ?r\gh 8 telescope all ! boats t approa*1 s z to be sure t !re are no guns on bo>d4 ,dur+ ! bre$+ season no "o is all[$ to l& )\t 8 special p]mission1 & all noise1 %\t+1 or l\d speak+ is /rictly prohibit$4 ,b1 9 spite ( ^! precautions1 we are in=m$ by rec5t travell]s t latt]ly ! great] "p ( ! ducks ( ,videy h be5 tempt$ to leave _! old qu>t]s = ! neighbor+ ,engey1 ^: proprietor hit ^u ! plan ( lay+ hay ^u ! /r&1 s z to af=d !m great] facilities = ne/-build+4 ,! eid]-d[n is easily collect$1 z ! birds are q tame4 ,! female hav+ laid five or six pale gre5i%-olive eggs1 9 a ne/ ?ickly l9$ ) h] beautiful d[n1 ! collectors1 aft] c>efully remov+ ! bird1 rob ! ne/ ( its cont5ts1 aft] :i* !y replace h]4 ,%e !n beg9s to lay afre%1 ?\gh ?is "t only ?ree or f\r eggs1 & aga9 has rec\rse to ! d[n on h] body4 ,b h] gre$y p]secutors once m rifle h] ne/1 & oblige h] to l9e x = ! ?ird "t4 ,n[1 h[ev]1 h] own /ock ( d[n is exhau/$1 & ) a pla9tive voice %e calls h] mate to h] assi/ance1 :o will+ly plucks ! s(t fea!rs f 8 brea/ to supply ! defici5cy4 ,if ! cruel robb]y be aga9 repeat$1 :i* 9 =m] times 0 frequ5tly ! case1 ! poor eid]-duck ab&ons ! spot1 nev] to return1 & seeks = a new home :]e %e may indulge h] mat]nal in/9ct undi/urb$4 ,illu/ration3 #di4 ,,eid]-,,duck4 ,mr4 ,%eph]d ?us describes 8 visit to ,vigr1 9 ! ,isafj>d>djup1 "o ( ! head-qu>t]s ( ! eid]-duck 9 ! nor? ( ,icel&3 8,z ! isl& 0 approa*$1 we c\ld see flocks ^u flocks ( ! sacr$ birds1 & c\ld he> _! coo+s at a great di/ance4 ,we l&$ on a rocky wave-worn %ore1 aga9/ :i* ! wat]s sc>cely rippl$1 & set (f to inve/igate ! isl&4 ,! %ore 0 ! mo/ wond]ful orni?ological sight conceivable4 ,! ducks & _! ne/s 7 ev]y:]e 9 a mann] t 0 q al>m+4 ,great br[n ducks sat ^u _! ne/s 9 masses1 & at e /ep />t$ up f "u our feet4 ,x 0 ) difficulty t we avoid$ tread+ on "s ( ! ne/s4 ,! isl& be+ b ?ree-qu>t]s ( a mile 9 wid?1 ! opposite %ore 0 soon rea*$4 ,on ! coa/ 0 a wall built ( l>ge /ones1 j above ! high-wat] level1 ab\t ?ree feet 9 height1 & ( consid]able ?ickness4 ,at ! bottom1 on bo? sides ( x1 alt]nate /ones _h be5 left out1 s z to =m a s]ies ( squ>e comp>tm5ts = ! ducks to make _! ne/s 94 ,almo/ e comp>tm5t 0 occupi$2 &1 z we walk$ along ! %ore1 a long l9e ( ducks flew out "o aft] ano!r4 ,! surface ( ! wat] also 0 p]fectly :ite ) drakes1 :o welcom$ _! br[n wives ) l\d & clamor\s coo+4 ,:5 we arriv$ at ! f>mh\se we 7 cordially welcom$ by its mi/ress4 ,! h\se itself 0 a great m>vel4 ,! e>!rn wall t surr\nd$ x & ! w9d[ embrasures 7 occupi$ by ducks4 ,on ! gr\nd1 ! h\se 0 fr+$ ) ducks4 ,on ! turf slopes ( ! ro( we c\ld see ducks2 & a duck sat 9 ! scrap]4 8,a grassy bank close by _h be5 cut into squ>e pat*es l a *essbo>d 7a squ>e ( turf ( ab\t eighte5 in*es be+ remov$1 & a holl[ made71 & all 7 fill$ ) ducks4 ,a w9dmill 0 infe/$1 & s 7 all ! ou?\ses1 m\nds1 rocks1 & crevices4 ,! ducks 7 ev]y:]e4 ,_m ( !m 7 s tame t we c\ld /roke !m on _! ne/s2 & ! good lady told u t !re 0 sc>cely a duck on ! isl& :i* w\ld n all[ h] to take its eggs )\t flight or fe>4 ,:5 %e fir/ became possessor ( ! isl&1 ! produce ( d[n f ! ducks 0 n m ?an fifte5 p\nds' weight 9 ! ye>1 b1 "u h] c>eful nurture ( tw5ty ye>s1 x _h ris5 to ne>ly "o hundr$ p\nds annually4 ,x requires ab\t "o p\nd & a half to make a cov]let = a s+le b$1 & ! d[n is wor? f twelve to fifte5 %ill+s p] p\nd4 ,mo/ ( ! eggs are tak5 & pickl$ = w9t] consumption1 "o or two only be+ left to hat*40 ,?\gh n s important z ! eid]1 ! o!r memb]s ( ! duck family :i* dur+ ! summ] season enliv5 ! lakes & swamps ( ,icel& are v s]viceable4 ,on ! ,myvatn1 or ,gnat ,lake1 "o ( _! *ief places ( resort1 ! eggs ( ! long-tail$ duck1 ! wild duck1 ! scot]1 ! common goos&]1 ! r$-brea/$ m]gans]1 ! scaup-duck1 etc41 & o!r ans]9es are c>efully ga!r$ & pres]v$ 9 enorm\s quantities = ! w9t]1 closely pack$ 9 a f9e gray volcanic s&4 ,! wild swan is frequ5tly %ot or caught = 8 fea!rs1 :i* br+ 9 _m a doll> to ! =tunate huntsman4 ,?is noble bird frequ5ts bo? ! salt & bracki% wat]s along ! coa/ & ! inl& lakes & riv]s1 :]e x is se5 ei!r 9 s+le pairs or congregat$ 9 l>ge flocks4 ,to build its ne/1 :i* is said to resemble closely t ( ! flam+o1 be+ a l>ge m\nd1 compos$ ( mud1 ru%es1 grass1 & /ones1 ) a cavity at top l9$ ) s(t d[n1 x retires to "s solit>y1 un9habit$ spot4 ,mu* has be5 said 9 anci5t times ( ! s++ ( ! swan1 & ! beauty ( its dy+ notes2 b1 9 tru?1 ! voice ( ! swan is v l\d1 %rill1 & h>%1 ?\gh :5 high 9 ! air1 & modulat$ by ! w9ds1 ! note or :oop ( an assemblage ( !m is n unpleasant to ! e>4 ,x has a peculi> *>m 9 ! unfrequ5t$ wa/es ( ,icel&1 :]e x agreeably int]rupts ! pr(\nd sil5ce t reigns ar\nd4 ,! rav51 "o ( ! commone/ l&-birds 9 ,icel&1 is an object ( av]sion to ! isl&]s1 z x n only seizes on _! "y lambs & eid]-ducks1 b also commits great depr$ations among ! fi%es laid out to dry ^u ! %ore4 ,poles to :i* dead rav5s are atta*$1 to s]ve z a w>n+ to ! liv+1 are frequ5tly se5 9 ! mead[s2 & ! ,icel&] is nev] s happy z :5 he has succe$$ 9 %oot+ a rav54 ,?is1 h[ev]1 is no easy task1 z no bird is m cauti\s1 & its eyes are z %>p z ^? ( ! eagle4 ,( all ,icel&ic birds1 ! rav5 bre$s ! e>lie/1 lay+ ab\t ! middle ( ,m>* its five or six pale-gre5 eggs1 spott$ ) br[n1 9 ! inaccessible crevices ( rocks4 ,t[>ds ! end ( ,june1 ,prey] saw _m "y rav5s gr[n to a good size1 & b little inf]ior to ! old ones 9 cunn+4 ,9 ! gloomy ,sc&9avian my?ology ! rav5 occupies a rank equal to t ( ! eagle 9 ! m *e]ful fables ( anci5t ,greece4 ,x 0 d$icat$ to ,od91 :o1 z ! traditional hi/ory ( ,icel& in=ms u1 _h two rav5s1 :i* 7 let loose e morn+ to ga!r tid+s ( :at 0 go+ on 9 ! _w1 & :i* on return+ 9 ! ev5+ p]*$ ^u ,od9's %\ld]s to :isp] ! news 9 8 e>2 ! "n ( "o 0 ,hug91 or _s2 ( ! o!r1 ,mum91 or memory4 ,ev5 n[ _m sup]/iti\s notions rema9 atta*$ to ! rav52 = ! ,icel&]s believe ?is bird to be n only acqua9t$ ) :at is go+ on at a di/ance1 b also ) :at is to happ5 9 future1 & are conv9c$ t x =etells :5 any ( ! family is ab\t to die1 by p]*+ on ! ro( ( ! h\se1 or :eel+ r\nd 9 ! air ) a cont9ual cry1 v>y+ its voice 9 a s+ul> & melodi\s mann]4 ,! :ite-tail$ sea-eagle is n uncommon 9 ,icel&1 :]e he /&s 9 evil repute z a kidnapp] ( lambs & eid]-ducks4 ,he is sometimes f\nd dead 9 ! nets ( ! fi%]m52 =1 p\nc+ ^u a haddock or salmon1 he gets entangl$ 9 ! me%es1 & is unable to extricate himself4 ,! sk9s ( ! bird1 :i* seems to atta9 a l>g] size ?an 9 ,great ,brita91 mo/ likely f be+ less di/urb$ by man1 are sold at ,reykjavik & ,akureyre = f ?ree to six rix-doll>s4 ,illu/ration3 #ej4 ,,! ,,jyrfalcon4 ,! jyrfalcon 7,falco gyrfalco71 g5]ally consid]$ z ! bolde/ & mo/ beautiful ( ! falcon tribe1 has its head-qu>t]s 9 ,icel&4 ,z long z ! noble sport ( falconry 0 9 fa%ion1 = :i* x 0 highly e/eem$1 ! trade 9 falcons 0 wor? f #bjjj to #cjjj rix-doll>s annually to ! isl&]s1 & ev5 n[ high prices are paid = x by ,engli% amateurs4 ,! r>e/ bird ( ,icel&1 if n entirely ext9ct1 is ! ,giant-auk1 or ,geirfugl4 ,! la/ pair 0 caught ab\t sev5te5 ye>s ago ne> ! ,geirfuglask]s1 a gr\p ( solit>y rocks to ! s\? ( ! ,we/man ,isles1 its only kn[n habitat besides "s simil> cliffs on ! nor?-ea/]n coa/4 ,s9ce t "t x is said to h be5 se5 by "s fi%]m52 b ?is te/imony is extremely d\btful1 & ! "q ( its exi/5ce c only be solv$ by a visit to ! ,geirfuglask]s !mselves--an und]tak+ :i*1 if practicable at all1 is att5d$ ) extreme difficulty & dang]1 z ^! rocks are completely isolat$ 9 ! sea1 :i* ev5 9 calm wea!r breaks ) su* viol5ce aga9/ _! abrupt declivities t = ye>s x mu/ be absolutely impossible to approa* !m4 ,9 #aheh two ,engli% naturali/s det]m9$ at lea/ to make ! attempt1 & settl$ = a season 9 a small hamlet on ! neighbor+ coa/1 eag] to seize ! fir/ opportunity = /orm+ ! ,geirfugl's /ronghold4 ,!y wait$ = sev]al mon?s1 b 9 va91 ! /ormy summ] be+ m ?an usually unfavorable = _! und]tak+2 & !y 7 equally unsuccessful 9 ! nor?1 :i!r !y _h s5t an ,icel&ic /ud5t specially in/ruct$ = ! purpose4 ,! giant-auk is ?ree feet high1 & has a black bill f\r in*es & a qu>t] long1 bo? m&ibles be+ cross$ obliquely ) sev]al ridges & furr[s4 ,its w+s are m]e /umps1 l ^? ( ! ,ant>ctic p5gu9s4 ,?irty p\nds h be5 paid = its egg1 :i* is l>g] ?an t ( any o!r ,european bird2 & !re is no kn[+ ! price ! ,zoological ,society w\ld pay = a live bird1 if ?is truly 8r>a avis0 c\ld /ill be f\nd4 ,illu/ration3 #ea4 ,,! ,,giant-,,auk4 ,! wat]s ( ,icel& ab\nd ) excell5t fi%1 :i* n only supply ! isl&]s ) a great "p ( _! food & furni% !m ) "o ( _! *ief articles ( exportation1 b also attract a numb] ( =eign seam54 ,?us ab\t #cjj ,fr5*1 ,dut*1 & ,belgian fi%+-sloops1 mann$ ) crews am\nt+ 9 all to #gjjj m51 annually make _! appe>ance on ! s\!rn & we/]n coa/s ( ,icel&1 p>ticul>ly ^? ( ! ,guldbr+e ,syssel1 or gold-br++ c\ntry3 ?us nam$1 n f any evid5ce ( ! preci\s metal1 b f ! gold5 cod-h>ve/s reap$ on its %ores4 ,betwe5 ?irty & =ty ,engli% fi%+-smacks ye>ly visit ! nor!rn coa/4 ,:5 !y h obta9$ a good c>go !y run to ,%etl& to dis*>ge x1 & return aga9 = m4 ,! ,icel&ic fi%+-season1 :i* beg9s 9 ,febru>y & ends 9 ,june1 occupies "o-half ( ! male inhabitants ( ! isl&1 :o come flock+ to ! we/1 ev5 f ! remote/ di/ricts ( ! nor? & ea/1 to p>take ( ! ri* h>ve/ ( ! seas4 ,_m ?us travel = m ?an #bjj miles 9 ! mid/ ( w9t]1 :ile ! /orm h[ls ov] ! nak$ wa/e1 & ! pale sun sc>cely dispels = a few h\rs ! d>kness ( ! night4 ,9 e hut :]e !y t>ry on ! road !y are welcome1 & h b r>ely to pay = _! ent]ta9m5t1 = hospitality is /ill reckon$ a duty 9 ,icel&4 ,on rea*+ ! fi%+-/ation1 an agreem5t is soon made ) ! proprietor ( a boat4 ,!y usually engage to assi/ 9 fi%+ f ,febru>y #ab to ,may #ab1 & receive 9 return a %>e ( ! fi% :i* !y help to cat*1 besides =ty p\nds ( fl\r & a daily all[ance ( s\r curds1 or 8ski]40 ,all ! m5 belong+ to a boat g5]ally live 9 ! same damp & n>r[ hut4 ,at daybreak !y laun* =?1 to brave = _m h\rs ! inclem5cies ( ! wea!r & ! sea1 & :ile engag$ 9 _! h>d day's "w _! sole refre%m5t is ! *ew+ ( tobacco or a m\?ful ( ski]4 ,on return+ to _! com=tless hut1 _! supp] consi/s ( ! fi%es ( inf]ior quality !y may h caught1 or ( ! heads ( ! cod or l+1 :i* are too valuable = _! own consumption4 ,^! are split op5 & hung ^u l9es1 or expos$ on ! %ore to ! cold w9d & ! hot sun2 ?is r5d]s !m p]fectly h>d1 & !y keep good = ye>s4 ,9 ?is dri$ /ate ! cod is call$ /ockfi%4 ,ab\t ! middle ( ,may ! migratory fi%]m5 return to _! homes1 leav+ _! fi% :i* are n yet q dry to ! c>e ( ! fi%]m5 dwell+ on ! spot4 ,t[>ds ! middle ( ,june1 :5 ! horses h s f> recov]$ f _! long w9t]'s fa/ z to be able to be> a load1 !y come back to fet* _! /ockfi%1 :i* !y convey ei!r to _! own homes = ! consumption ( _! own families1 or to ! ne>e/ port = ! purpose ( b>t]+ x aga9/ o!r articles4 ,haddocks1 flatfi%1 & h]r+s are also v abundant 9 ! ,icel&ic seas2 & along ! nor!rn & nor?-we/]n coa/s ! bask+ %>k is l>gely fi%$ = all ! summ]4 ,/rong hooks bait$ ) mussels or pieces ( fi%1 & atta*$ to *a9s an*or$ at a %ort di/ance f ! %ore1 s]ve = ! capture ( ?is mon/]1 :i* is sc>cely1 if at all1 inf]ior 9 size to ! :ite %>k1 ?\gh n ne>ly s =midable1 z x r>ely attacks man4 ,! sk9 s]ves = mak+ s&als2 ! co>se fle% is eat5 by ! isl&]s1 :om necessity has taught n to be ov]-nice 9 _! food2 & ! liv]1 ! mo/ valuable "p1 is /ew$ = ! sake ( its oil4 8,we _h obs]v$10 says ,mr4 ,%eph]d1 8t ! horrible smell :i* infe/$ ,jsa-fjordr v>i$ 9 int5sity z we approa*$ or rec$$ f a c]ta9 black-look+ build+ at ! nor!rn end ( ! t[n4 ,on inve/igat+ ?is build+1 we discov]$ t ! seat ( ! smell 0 to be f\nd 9 a mass ( putrid %>ks' liv]s1 "p ( :i* 7 und]go+ a process ( /ew+ 9 a huge copp]4 ,x 0 a noisome gre5 mass1 fe>ful to contemplate4 ,! place 0 endurable only = a few seconds2 yet dirty-look+ m5 /irr$ up ! mass ) long poles1 & seem$ to enjoy ! reek+ vapors40 ,! salmon ( ,icel&1 :i* =m]ly rema9$ undi/urb$ by ! phlegmatic inhabitants1 are n[ caught 9 l>ge numb]s = ! ,briti% m>ket4 ,a small riv] be>+ ! significant "n ( ,laxaa1 or ,salmon ,riv]1 has be5 r5t$ = ! trifl+ sum ( #ajj a ye> by an ,engli% company1 :i* s5ds e spr+ its ag5ts to ! spot well provid$ ) ! be/ fi%+ app>atus4 ,! captur$ fi% are imm$iately boil$1 & h]metically pack$ 9 t9 boxes1 s t !y c be eat5 9 ,london almo/ z fre% z if !y _h j be5 caught4 ,! m9]al k+dom contributes b little to ! prosp]ity ( ,icel&4 ,x af=ds nei!r metals1 nor preci\s /ones1 nor rock-salt1 nor coal2 = ! seams ( 8surturbr&01 or 8lignite01 f\nd "h & !re1 are too unimportant to be work$4 ,! solfat>as ( ,krisuvik & ,husavik1 ?\gh extremely int]e/+ to ! geologi/1 likewise furni% sulphur 9 too impure a condition or too ?9ly scatt]$ to af=d any prospect ( be+ work$ ) success1 n to m5tion ! va/ exp5se ( transport ov] ! almo/ impassable lava-tracks t sep>ate !m f ! ne>e/ ports4 ,9 #ahci-dj1 :51 9 consequ5ce ( ! monopoly grant$ by ! ,neapolitan ,gov]nm5t to a ,fr5* company1 sulphur _h ris5 to m ?an ?ree times its usual price1 ,mr4 ,knuds51 an ent]pris+ ,dani% m]*ant1 und]took to "w ! m9es ( ,krisuvik1 b ev5 !n x w\ld n answ]4 ,9 #ahei1 a ,london company1 f\nd$ by ,mr4 ,bu%by1--:o hav+ explor$ ! sulphur di/ricts1 _h rais$ great expectations on :at he consid]$ _! dormant weal?1--r5ew$ ! attempt1 b aft] a ye>'s trial x 0 ab&on$ z p]fectly hopeless4 ,! 8solfat>as ( ,icel&01 says ,pr(essor ,s>torius ( ,walt]%aus51 8c n compete ) ^? ( ,sicily1 :]e m sulphur is wantonly wa/$ & trodd5 "u foot ?an all ,icel& possesses4 ,:ile ! 8,nam>s0 ( ! nor?1 :i* are f> ri*] ?an ^? ( ,krisuvik1 annually furni% sc>cely m ?an t5 tons1 ! sulphur m9es ( ,sicily produce at lea/ #ej1jjj1 &1 if necess>y1 c\ld easily export d\ble ! quantity40 ,z coal is too exp5sive a fuel = any b ! ri* 9 ! small sea-port t[ns1 & peat1 ?\gh no d\bt abundantly scatt]$ ov] ! isl&1 is dug only 9 a few places1 ! majority ( ! p make use ( s+ul> sub/itutes4 ,! commone/ is dri$ c['s & %eep's dung2 b _m a poor fi%]man lacks ev5 ?is 8spicy0 mat]ial1 & is fa9 to use ! bones ( animals1 ! skeletons ( fi%es or dri$ sea-birds1 :i*1 ) a /oical contempt = 8 olfactory organs1 he burns1 fea!rs & all4 ,!re is1 h[ev]1 no want ( fuel 9 ^? privileg$ spots :]e drift-wood is f\nd1 & "h ! lava he>? ( ! isl&] *e]fully blazes ei!r ) ! p9e convey$ to him by ! k9dly ,pol> curr5ts f ! ,sib]ian =e/s1 or ) "s tropical trunk1 waft$ by ! ,gulf ,/ream ov] ! ,atlantic to 8 nor!rn home4 ,illu/ration3 #eb4 ,,ca!dral ,,at ,,reykjavik4 ,,*apt] ,,vi4 ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,icel&4 ,discov]y ( ! ,isl& by ,naddodr 9 #hfa4--;,g>d>4--,floki ( ! ,rav5s4--,+olfr & ,leif4--,ulfliot ! ,lawgiv]4--,! ,al?+4--,?+valla4--,introduction ( ,*ri/ianity into ! ,isl&4--,fr$]ick ! ,saxon & ,?orwold ! ,travell]4-- ,?angbr&4--,gold5 ,age ( ,icel&ic ,lit]ature4--,snorri ,/urleson4--,! ,isl& submits to ,hakon1 ,k+ ( ,norway1 9 #abed4--,long ,s]ies ( ,calamities4--,great ,eruption ( ! ,skapta ,jkul 9 #aghc4--;,comm]cial ,monopoly4--,bett] ,times 9 ,prospect4 ,! ,norse vik+s 71 z is well kn[n1 ! bolde/ ( navigators4 ,!y possess$ nei!r ! sextant nor ! compass2 !y _h nei!r *>ts nor *ronomet]s to guide !m2 b tru/+ solely to =tune1 & to _! own indomitable c\rage1 !y fe>lessly laun*$ =? into ! va/ ocean4 ,_m ( ^! intrepid corsairs 7 no d\bt lo/ on _! adv5tur\s exp$itions1 b frequ5tly a favorable *ance rew>d$ _! tem]ity1 ei!r ) "s ri* booty or "s m glori\s discov]y4 ,?us 9 ! ye> #hfa1 ,naddodr1 a ,norwegian pirate1 :ile sail+ f 8 native coa/ to ! ,fa]oe ,isl&s1 0 drift$ by contr>y w9ds f> to ! nor?4 ,= sev]al days no l& 0 visible--no?+ b an int]m9able wa/e ( wat]s2 :5 sudd5ly ! sn[-clad m\nta9s ( ,icel& 7 se5 to rise above ! mi/s ( ! ocean4 ,soon aft] ,naddodr l&$ ) "p ( 8 crew1 b discov]$ no traces ( man 9 ! des]t c\ntry4 ,! vik+ t>ri$ b a %ort "t on ?is unpromis+ coa/1 on :i* he be/[$ ! appropriate "n ( ,sn[l&4 ,?ree ye>s lat]1 ,g>d>1 ano!r nor!rn freeboot]1 :ile sail+ to ! ,hebrides1 0 likewise driv5 by /ormy wea!r to ,icel&4 ,he 0 ! fir/ circumnavigator ( ! isl&1 :i* he call$1 aft] himself1 ,g>d>'s holm1 or ! isl& ( ,g>d>4 ,on 8 return to 8 native port1 he gave 8 c\ntrym5 s flatt]+ an acc\nt ( ! newly-discov]$ l&1 t ,floki1 a fam\s vik+1 resolv$ to settle !re4 ,tru/+ to ! augury ( birds1 ,floki took ) him ?ree rav5s to direct him on 8 way4 ,hav+ sail$ a c]ta9 di/ance beyond ! ,fa]oe ,isl&s1 he gave lib]ty to "o ( !m1 :i* imm$iately return$ to ! l&4 ,proce$+ onw>d1 he loos$ ! second1 :i*1 aft] circl+ = a few m9utes r\nd ! %ip1 aga9 settl$ on its cage1 z if t]rifi$ by ! b\ndless expanse ( ! sea4 ,! ?ird bird1 on obta9+ 8 lib]ty a few days lat]1 prov$ at l5g? a fai?ful pilot1 & fly+ direct to ! nor?1 conduct$ ,floki to ,icel&4 ,z ! sea-k+ ent]$ ! broad bay :i* is b\nd$ on ! left by ! huge ,snfells ,jkul1 & on ! "r by ! bold promontory ( ! ,guldbr+e ,syssel1 ,faxa1 "o ( 8 companions1 rem>k$ t a l& ) su* noble features mu/ ne$s be ( consid]able ext5t4 ,to rew>d him = ?is rem>k1 :i* flatt]$ ! vanity or ! ambition ( 8 lead]1 ! bay 0 imm$iately nam$ ,faxa ,fiord1 z x is /ill call$ to ! pres5t day4 ,! new coloni/s1 attract$ by ! abundance ( fi% !y f\nd 9 ! bay1 built _! huts on ! bord]s ( a small outlet1 /ill be>+ ! "n ( ,rafna ,fiord1 or ! ,rav5's ,fri?2 b z !y neglect$ to make hay = ! w9t]1 ! horses & cattle !y _h br\ght ) !m di$ ( want4 ,disappo9t$ 9 8 expectations1 ,floki return$ home 9 ! second ye>1 &1 z might naturally h be5 expect$ f an unsuccessful settl]1 gave 8 c\ntrym5 b a dismal acc\nt ( ,icel&1 z he def9itely nam$ x4 ,yet1 9 spite ( 8 =bidd+ description1 ! political di/urbances :i* took place ab\t ?is "t 9 ,norway l$ to ! f9al colonization ( ! isl&4 ,h>old ,ha>fag]1 or ! ,fair-hair$1 a ,sc&9avian y>l1 hav+ by viol5ce & a successful policy r$uc$ all 8 bro!r-y>ls to subjection1 fir/ consolidat$ _! indep5d5t doma9s into "o realm1 & made himself absolute ma/] ( ! :ole c\ntry4 ,_m ( 8 =m] equals submitt$ to 8 yoke2 b o!rs1 animat$ by t unconqu]able love ( lib]ty innate 9 m5 :o = _m g5]ations h kn[n no sup]ior1 pref]r$ seek+ a new home across ! ocean to an ignom9i\s vassalage "u ! dete/$ ,h>old4 ,+olfr & 8 c\s9 ,leif 7 ! fir/ ( ^! high-m9d$ nobles t emigrat$ 7#hfi-hgj7 to ,icel&4 ,on approa*+ ! s\!rn coa/1 ,+olfr ca/ ! sacr$ pill>s belong+ to 8 =m] dwell+ into ! wat]1 & v[$ to e/abli% himself on ! spot to :i* !y %\ld be waft$ by ! waves4 ,8 pi\s int5tions 7 = ! "t fru/rat$1 z a sudd5 squall sep>at$ him f 8 p5ates1 & =c$ him to locate himself on a neighbor+ promontory1 :i* to ?is day be>s ! "n ( ,+olfr%(de4 ,"h he soj\rn$ ?ree ye>s1 until ! foll[]s he _h s5t out 9 que/ ( ! miss+ pill>s at l5g? br\ght him ! joyful news t !y _h be5 f\nd on ! bea* ( ! pres5t site ( ,reykjavik1 :i!r1 9 ob$i5ce to :at he suppos$ to be ! div9e summons1 he in/antly remov$4 ,+olfr's fri5d & relative ,leif 0 %ortly aft] assass9at$ by "s ,iri% slaves :om he _h captur$ 9 a pr$atory desc5t on ! ,hib]nian coa/4 ,! surviv+ *iefta9 deplor$ ! loss ( 8 k9sman1 lam5t+ 8t s valiant a man %\ld fall by su* villa9s10 b f\nd consolation by kill+ ! murd]]s & annex+ ! l&s ( _! victim4 ,:51 9 c\rse ( "t1 he himself felt 8 end approa*+1 he reque/$ to be buri$ on a hill ov]look+ ! fiord1 t f t elevat$ site 8 _s might h a bett] view ( ! l& ( :i* he 0 ! fir/ inhabitant4 ,su* are ! *ronicles relat$ 9 ! 8,l&nama ,bok10 or 8,book ( ,occupation10 "o ( ! e>lie/ records ( ,icel&ic hi/ory4 ,+olfr & 8 companions 7 soon foll[$ by o!r emigrants desir\s ( escap+ f ! tyranny ( ,h>old ,ha>fag]1 :o at fir/ favor$ a movem5t t remov$ f> beyond ! sea s _m ( 8 turbul5t oppon5ts1 b subsequ5tly1 al>m$ at ! dra9 ( population1 or desir\s ( pr(it+ by ! exodus1 levi$ a f9e ( f\r ounces ( silv] on all :o left 8 dom9ions to settle 9 ,icel&4 ,yet su* 7 ! attractions :i* ! isl& at t "t pres5t$1 t1 9 spite ( all ob/acles1 n half a c5tury elaps$ be=e all its inhabitable p>ts 7 occupi$1 n only by ,norwegians1 b also by settl]s f ,d5m>k & ,sw$51 ,scotl& & ,irel&4 ,! ,norwegians br\ght ) !m _! language & idolatry1 _! cu/oms & hi/orical records1 :i* ! o!r coloni/s1 b few 9 numb]s1 7 compell$ to adopt4 ,at fir/ ! udal1 or free l&-hold sy/em ( _! own c\ntry1 0 9 vigor1 b e lead] ( a b& ( emigrants be+ *os51 by =ce ( circum/ances1 z ! ackn[l$g$ *ief ( ! di/rict occupi$ by himself & companions1 spe$ily pav$ ! way = a demi-feudal sy/em ( vassalage & subs]vi5ce4 ,z ! arrival ( new settl]s r5d]$ ! possession ( ! l& m valuable1 endless conte/s betwe5 ^! petty *iefs arose = ! bett] pa/ures & fi%]ies4 ,to put an end to ?is /ate ( an>*y1 s injuri\s to ! common weal1 ,ulfliot ! ,wise 0 commission$ to frame a code ( laws1 :i* ! ,icel&]s1 by a s+le simultane\s & peaceful ef=t1 accept$ z _! future con/itution4 ,! isl& 0 n[ divid$ into f\r prov9ces & twelve di/ricts4 ,ea* di/rict _h its own judge1 & its own popul> 8,?+10 or assembly2 b ! national w 0 embodi$ & repres5t$ by ! 8,al?+10 or supreme p>liam5t ( ,icel&1 :i* annually met at ,?+valla1 "u an elective presid5t1 or 8,logma?urman10 ! *ief magi/rate ( ?is nor!rn republic4 ,on ! banks ( ! riv] ,ox]aa1 :]e ! rapid /ream1 aft] =m+ a magnific5t cascade1 ru%es into ! lake ( ,?+valla1 lies ! spot :]e1 = _m a c5tury1 freem5 met to debate1 :ile despotic b>b>ians /ill reign$ ov] ! mild] regions ( ,europe4 ,isolat$ on all sides by deep volcanic *asms1 :i* "s great revolution ( nature has r5t 9 ! va/ lava-field ar\nd1 & embosom$ 9 a wide circle ( black precipit\s hills1 ! situation ( ,?+valla is extremely romantic1 b ! nak$ d>k-color$ rocks1 & ! traces ( subt]ranean fire visible on e side1 imp>t a /]n melan*oly to ! sc5e4 ,! lake1 ! l>ge/ %eet ( wat] 9 ! isl&1 is ab\t ?irty miles 9 circumf]5ce2 its b\nd>ies h und]gone _m *anges1 especially dur+ ! e>?quakes ( ! pa/ c5tury1 :5 its nor!rn m>g9 collaps$1 :ile ! opposite "o 0 rais$4 ,! dep? ( its cry/al wat]s is v great1 & 9 its c5tre rise two small crat]-isl&s1 ! result ( "s unkn[n eruption4 ,! m\nta9s on its s\? bank h a picturesque appe>ance1 & l>ge volumes ( /eam issu+ f sev]al hot s\rces on _! sides prove t1 ?\gh all be tranquil n[1 ! volcanic fires are n ext9ct4 ,only a few traces ( ! anci5t ,al?+ are left--?ree small m\nds1 :]e sat 9 /ate ! *iefs & judges ( ! l&--= z ! assembly us$ to pit* _! t5ts on ! bord]s ( ! /ream1 & ! delib]ations 7 held 9 ! op5 air1 !re are no impos+ ru9s to be> witness to a glori\s pa/4 ,b ?\gh all ar*itectural pomp be abs5t1 ! sc5e hall[$ by ! recollections ( a ?\s& ye>s is "o ( deep int]e/ to ! travell]4 ,! great features ( nature are ! same z :5 ! freem5 ( ,icel& assembl$ to settle ! affairs ( _! little _w2 b ! rav5 n[ croaks :]e ! orator appeal$ to ! reason or ! passions ( 8 audi5ce1 & ! %eep ( ! neighbor+ pa/or crop undi/urb$ ! grass ( desecrat$ ,?+valla4 ,illu/ration3 #ec4 ,,?+valla1 ,l,,gb]g1 ,,& ,,almannagja4 ,mr4 ,ross ,br[ne ?us describes ! sc5e3 8,aft] a slight repa/ ,i walk$ out to take a look at ! ,lgb]g1 or ,rock ( ,laws1 :i* is situat$ ab\t half a mile f ! *ur*4 ,?is is1 p]haps1 ( all ! objects ( hi/orical association 9 ,icel&1 ! mo/ int]e/+4 ,x 0 "h ! judges tri$ crim9als1 pron\nc$ judgm5ts1 & execut$ _! /]n decrees4 ,on a small plateau ( lava1 sep>at$ f ! g5]al mass by a pr(\nd abyss on e side1 save a n>r[ neck b>ely wide en\gh = a foo?old1 ! fam\s 8,?+0 assembl$ once a ye>1 &1 secur$ f intrusion 9 _! delib]ations by ! t]rible *asm ar\nd1 pass$ laws = ! weal or woe ( ! p4 ,x 0 only necess>y to gu>d ! causeway by :i* !y ent]$2 all o!r sides 7 well protect$ by ! encircl+ moat1 :i* v>ies f ?irty to =ty feet 9 wid?1 & is half fill$ ) wat]4 ,! total dep? to ! bottom1 :i* is di/9ctly visible ?r\gh ! cry/al pool1 mu/ be sixty or sev5ty feet4 ,into ?is yawn+ abyss ! unhappy crim9als 7 ca/1 ) /ones ar\nd _! necks1 & _m a long day did !y lie b5ea? ! wat]1 a gha/ly spectacle = ! cr[d t pe]$ at !m ov] ! precipice4 ,all 0 n[ z sil5t z ! grave4 ,eight c5turies _h pass$1 & yet ! /range sc5es t _h tak5 place "h 7 vividly be=e me4 ,i c\ld imag9e ! ga!r+ cr[ds1 ! ris+ hum ( voices2 ! pause1 ! %riek1 & plunge2 ! l[ murmur ( horror1 & !n ! /]n w>n+ ( ! lawgiv]s & ! gradual disp]s+ ( ! multitude4 ,! dim5sions ( ! plateau are f\r or five hundr$ feet 9 l5g? by an av]age ( sixty or eighty 9 wid?4 ,! surface is n[ cov]$ ) a f9e coat+ ( sod & grass1 & furni%es good pa/urage = ! %eep belong+ to ! pa/or40 ,*ri/ianity 0 fir/ prea*$ 9 ,icel& ab\t ! ye> #iha1 by ,fri$ri*1 a ,saxon bi%op1 to :om ,?orwald ! travell]1 an ,icel&]1 act$ z int]pret]4 ,?orwald hav+ be5 treat$ ) great sev]ity by 8 fa!r1 ,kodran1 _h fl$ to ,d5m>k1 :]e he _h be5 conv]t$ by ,fri$ri*4 ,he return$ ) ! pi\s bi%op to 8 pat]nal home1 :]e ! solemn s]vice ( ! ,*ri/ians made "s impression on ,kodran1 b /ill ! ob/9ate pagan c\ld n be prevail$ ^u to r5\nce 8 anci5t gods4 8,he mu/ believe10 said he1 8! ^w ( 8 own prie/1 :o 0 wont to give him excell5t advice40 8,well1 !n10 repli$ ,?orwald1 8?is v5]able man :om ,i h br\ght to ?y dwell+ is weak & infirm1 :ile ?y well-f$ prie/ is full ( vigor4 ,wilt ?\ believe 9 ! p[] ( our ,god if ! bi%op drives him h5ce80 ,fri$ri* n[ ca/ a few drops ( holy wat] on ! prie/1 :i* imm$iately burnt deep holes into 8 sk91 s t he fl$1 utt]+ dreadful curses4 ,aft] ?is conv9c+ pro(1 ,kodran adopt$ ! ,*ri/ian fai?4 ,b p]suasion & miracles act$ too sl[ly = ! fi]y ,?orwald1 :o w\ld will+ly h conv]t$ all ,icel& at once ) fire & sword4 ,8 s]mons 7 imprecations1 & ! lea/ contradiction r\s$ him to fury4 ,unable to be> s irascible an associate1 ! good bi%op ,fri$ri*1 giv+ up 8 mission>y labors1 return$ to ,saxony4 ,z to ,?orwald1 8 re/less disposition l$ him to f>-di/ant l&s4 ,he visit$ ,greece & ,syria1 ,j]usalem & ,con/ant9ople1 & ultimately f\nd$ a conv5t 9 ,russia1 :]e he di$ 9 ! odor ( sanctity4 ,soon aft] ,?angbr& 0 s5t by ! ,norwegian k+1 ,olaf ,truggeson1 z mission>y to ,icel&4 ,8 me?od ( conv]sion appe>s to h be5 v l t ( 8 erratic pr$ecessor2 = :ile he held ! cross 9 "o h&1 he grasp$ ! sword ) ! o!r4 8,?angbr&10 says an anci5t *ronicl]1 80 a passionate1 ungov]nable p]son1 & a great manslay]1 b a good s*ol> & clev]4 ,he 0 two ye>s 9 ,icel&1 & 0 ! dea? ( ?ree m5 be=e he left x40 ,o!r mission>ies ( a m evangelical "* took 8 place1 & prov$ by _! success t mild reason+ is frequ5tly a f> m effectual means ( p]suasion ?an brutal viol5ce4 ,!y made a great numb] ( proselytes1 & ! :ole isl& 0 n[ divid$ into two factions ready to appeal to ! sword = ! triumph ( ,*ri/ or ( ,od94 ,b be=e com+ to ?is dreadful extremity1 ! voice ( reason 0 he>d1 & ! cont5d+ p>ties agre$ to submit ! "q to ! decision ( ! ,al?+4 ,! assembly met1 & ! mom5t\s debate 0 proce$+1 :5 sudd5ly a l\d cra% ( subt]ranean ?und] 0 he>d1 & ! e>? %ook "u _! feet4 8,li/560 exclaim$ a foll[] ( ,od91 8& bew>e ( ! ang] ( our gods3 !y w consume u ) _! fires1 if we v5ture to "q _! au?ority40 ,! ,*ri/ian p>ty hesitat$2 b _! confid5ce 0 soon re/or$ by ! pres5ce ( m9d ( _! *ief orator1 ,?orgeir1 :o1 po9t+ to ! lava-fields ar\nd1 ask$ ) :om ! gods 7 angry :5 ^! rocks 7 melt$3 a bur/ ( eloqu5ce :i* at once decid$ ! "q 9 favor ( ! ,cross4 ,! new fai? br\ght ) x a new _s ( intellectual developm5t1 :i* atta9$ its highe/ spl5dor 9 ! twelf? c5tury4 ,classical /udies 7 pursu$ ) ! utmo/ zeal1 & le>n$ ,icel&]s travell$ to ,g]many & ,france to ext5d _! k 9 ! s*ools ( ,p>is or ,cologne4 ,! ,icel&ic b>ds1 or scalds1 7 r5[n$ ?r\gh\t all ,sc&9avia2 !y frequ5t$ ! c\rts ( ,sw$51 ,d5m>k1 & ,norway1 & 7 ev]y:]e receiv$ ) ! highe/ honors4 ,! hi/orians1 or sagam51 ( ,icel& 7 no less r5[n$ ?an its scalds4 ,!y became ! annali/s ( ! :ole ,sc&9avian _w1 & ! simplicity & tru? by :i* _! works are di/+ui%$ fully ju/ify _! high reputation4 ,among ! _m rem>kable m5 :o at t "t grac$ ! lit]ature ( ! ,arctic isle1 ,smund ,frode1 ! le>n$ au?or ( ! 8,voluspa0 7a "w on ! anci5t ,icel&ic my?ology7 & ! 8,havamal0 7a g5]al *ronicle ( ev5ts f ! beg9n+ ( ! _w72 ,are ,?orgilson1 ^: 8,l&nama ,bok0 relates ) ! utmo/ accuracy ! annals ( 8 native l&2 & ,gissur1 :o ab\t ! ye> #aahj describ$ 8 voyages to ! di/ant ,ori5t1 des]ve to be p>ticul>ly m5tion$2 b great above all 9 g5ius & fame 0 ,snorri ,/urleson1 ! ,h]odotus ( ! ,nor?1 ^: ev5tful life & tragic end w\ld well des]ve to be rec\nt$ at great] l5g?4 ,gift$ ) ! r>e/ tal5ts1 & *ief ( ! mo/ p[]ful family ( ! isl&1 ,snorri 0 elect$ 9 #abae to ! high (fice ( ,logma?urman2 b disgu/+ 8 /urdy c\ntrym5 by 8 excessive haught9ess1 he 0 oblig$ to retire to ! c\rt ( ,hakon1 k+ ( ,norway4 ,dur+ ?is exile he collect$ ! mat]ials = 8 ju/ly celebrat$ 8,heimskr+la10 or ,*ronicle ( ! ,k+s ( ,norway4 ,return+ home 9 #abba1 he 0 aga9 nam$ ,logma?urman2 b z he endeavor$ to pave ! way = ! annexation ( 8 native c\ntry to ! ,norwegian realm1 8 =eign intrigues caus$ a ris+ aga9/ 8 au?ority1 & he 0 once m compell$ to take refuge 9 ,norway4 ,"h he rema9$ sev]al ye>s1 until ! triumph ( 8 own faction all[$ him to return to 8 family e/ate at ,reikholt1 :]e he 0 murd]$ on a d>k ,septemb] night 9 ! ye> #abda4 ,?us p]i%$ ! mo/ rem>kable man ,icel& ev] has produc$4 ,! republic itself did n long survive 8 fall2 =1 we>y ( ! int]m9able feuds ( _! *iefs1 ! p volunt>ily submitt$ to ,hakon 9 #abed1 & ! middle ( ! ?irte5? c5tury 0 signaliz$ by ! transf] ( ! isl& to ! ,norwegian cr[n1 aft] ?ree hundr$ & =ty ye>s ( a turbul5t b glori\s indep5d5ce4 ,f t "t ! political hi/ory ( ! ,icel&]s (f]s b little int]e/4 ,) _! annexation to a ,european mon>*y p]i%$ ! vigor1 re/lessness1 & activity :i* _h *>act]iz$ _! =efa!rs2 & ?\gh ! ,al?+ /ill met at ,?+valla1 ! national _s _h fl$4 ,x 0 /ill fur!r subdu$ by a long *a9 ( calamities--plagues1 fam9es1 volcanic eruptions1 & piratical invasions--:i*1 foll[+ ea* o!r 9 rapid succession1 deva/at$ ! l& & decimat$ its un=tunate inhabitants4 ,9 #adjb t t]rible plague1 ! memory ( :i* is /ill pres]v$ "u ! "n ( ! 8,black ,dea?10 c>ri$ (f ne>ly two-?irds ( ! :ole population1 & 0 foll[$ by su* an inclem5t w9t] t n9e-t5?s ( ! cattle 9 ! isl& di$4 ,! mis]ies ( a p suff]+ f pe/il5ce & fam9e 7 aggravat$ by ! ,engli% fi%]m51 :o1 9 spite ( ! remon/rances ( ! ,dani% gov]nm5t1 frequ5t$ ! def5seless coa/ 9 consid]able numb]s1 & 7 9 fact little bett] ?an ! old sea-robb]s :o fir/ coloniz$ ! isl&1 plund]+ & burn+ on ! ma91 & hold+ ! weal?y inhabitants to ransom4 ,_! pr$atory incursions 7 frequ5tly repeat$ dur+ ! sev5te5? c5tury1 & ev5 ! di/ant ,m$it]ranean s5t its ,alg]9e pirates to add to ! calamities ( ,icel&4 ,! eighte5? c5tury 0 u%]$ 9 by ! small-pox1 :i* c>ri$ (f sixte5 ?\s& ( ! inhabitants4 ,9 ! middle ( ! c5tury--sev]e w9t]s foll[+ 9 rapid succession--va/ numb]s ( cattle di$1 induc+ a fam9e t aga9 swept away t5 ?\s& inhabitants4 ,s9ce ! fir/ colonization ( ,icel&1 its num]\s volcanoes _h frequ5tly br\ght ru9 ^u :ole di/ricts--tw5ty-five times _h ,hecla1 elev5 times ,ktlugi1 six times ,trlladyngja1 five times ,oraefa1 vomit$ =? _! torr5ts ( molt5 /one1 )\t c\nt+ a numb] ( subm>9e volcanic explosions1 or :]e ! pla9 0 sudd5ly r5t & flames & a%es bur/ out ( ! e>?2 b ! eruption ( ,skapt> ,jkul 9 #aghc 0 ! mo/ frightful visitation ev] kn[n to h desolat$ ! isl&4 ,! prec$+ w9t] & spr+ _h be5 unusually mild1 & ! isl&]s look$ =w>d to a prosp]\s summ]2 b 9 ! beg9n+ ( ,june repeat$ trembl+s ( ! e>?1 increas+ 9 viol5ce f day to day1 ann\nc$ t ! subt]ranean p[]s t _h long be5 slumb]+ "u ! icy mantle ( ! ,skapt> 7 ready to awake4 ,all ! neighbor+ peasants ab&on$ _! huts & erect$ t5ts 9 ! op5 field1 anxi\sly await+ ! result ( ^! t]rific w>n+s4 ,on ! #i?1 imm5se pill>s ( smoke collect$ ov] ! hill c\ntry t[>d ! nor?1 &1 roll+ d[n 9 a s\!rly direction1 cov]$ ! :ole di/rict ( ,si?a ) d>kness4 ,l\d subt]ranean ?und]s foll[$ 9 rapid succession1 & innum]able fire-sp\ts 7 se5 leap+ & fl>+ ?r\gh ! d5se canopy ( smoke & a%es t envelop$ ! l&4 ,! heat rag+ 9 ! int]ior ( ! volcano melt$ enorm\s masses ( ice & sn[1 :i* caus$ ! riv] ,skapta to rise to a prodigi\s height2 b on ! #aa? torr5ts ( fire usurp$ ! place ( wat]1 = a va/ lava-/ream break+ =? f ! m\nta9s1 fl[$ d[n 9 a s\!rly direction1 until rea*+ ! riv]1 a trem5d\s conflict arose betwe5 ! two ho/ile elem5ts4 ,?\gh ! *annel 0 six hundr$ feet deep & two hundr$ feet wide1 ! lava-flood p\r+ d[n "o fi]y wave aft] ano!r into ! yawn+ abyss1 ultimately ga9$ ! victory1 &1 block+ up ! /ream1 ov]fl[$ its banks4 ,cross+ ! l[ c\ntry ( ,m$all&1 x p\r$ into a great lake1 :i* aft] a few days 0 likewise completely fill$ up1 & hav+ divid$ into two /reams1 ! unexhau/$ torr5t aga9 p\r$ on1 ov]fl[+ 9 "o direction "s anci5t lava-fields1 & 9 ano!r re-ent]+ ! *annel ( ! ,skapta & leap+ d[n ! l(ty cat>act ( ,/apafoss4 ,b ?is 0 n all1 = :ile "o lava-flood _h *os5 ! ,skapta = its b$1 ano!r1 desc5d+ 9 a diff]5t direction1 0 work+ simil> ru9 along ! banks ( ! ,hv]fisfliot4 ,:e!r ! same crat] gave bir? to bo?1 x is impossible to say1 z ev5 ! ext5t ( ! lava-fl[ c only be measur$ f ! spot :]e x ent]$ ! inhabit$ di/ricts4 ,! /ream :i* foll[$ ! direction ( ,skapta is calculat$ to h be5 ab\t fifty miles 9 l5g? by twelve or fifte5 at its greate/ bread?2 t :i* roll$ d[n ! ,hv]fisfliot1 at =ty miles 9 l5g? by sev5 9 bread?4 ,:]e x 0 inclos$ betwe5 ! precipit\s banks ( ! ,skapta1 ! lava is five or six hundr$ feet ?ick1 b z soon z x spread out into ! pla9 its dep? nev] exce$$ "o hundr$ feet4 ,! eruption ( s&1 a%es1 pumice1 & lava cont9u$ till ! end ( ,augu/1 :5 at l5g? ! va/ subt]ranean tumult subsid$4 ,b its direful effects 7 felt = a long "t aft]1 n only 9 its imm$iate vic9ity1 b ov] ! :ole ( ,icel&1 & add$ _m a m\rnful page to h] long annals ( sorr[4 ,= a :ole ye> a dun canopy ( c9d]-lad5 cl\ds hung ov] ! unhappy isl&4 ,s& & a%es1 c>ri$ to an enorm\s height into ! atmosph]e1 spread f> & wide1 & ov]:elm$ ?\s&s ( acres ( f]tile pa/urage4 ,! ,fa]oes1 ! ,%etl&s1 & ! ,orkneys 7 delug$ ) volcanic du/ :i* p]ceptibly contam9at$ ev5 ! skies ( ,engl& & ,holl&4 ,mephitic vapors obscur$ ! rays ( ! sun1 & ! sulphur\s exhalations ta9t$ bo? ! grass ( ! field & ! wat]s ( ! lake1 ! riv]1 & ! sea1 s t n only ! cattle di$ by ?\s&s1 b ! fi% also p]i%$ 9 _! poison$ elem5t4 ,! unheal?y air1 & ! want ( food--= hung] at la/ drove !m to h rec\rse to untann$ hides & old lea!r--gave rise to a disease resembl+ scurvy among ! un=tunate ,icel&]s4 ,! head & limbs began to swell1 ! bones seem$ to be di/5d+4 ,dreadful cramps =c$ ! pati5t to /range contortions4 ,! gums loos5$1 ! decompos$ blood ooz$ f ! m\? & ! ulc]\s sk91 & a few days ( torm5t & pro/ration 7 foll[$ by dea?4 ,9 _m a seclud$ vale :ole families 7 swept away1 & ^? t escap$ ! sc\rge _h h>dly /r5g? suffici5t to bury ! dead4 ,s great 0 ! ru9 caus$ by ?is "o eruption t 9 ! %ort space ( two ye>s no less ?an #iccf m51 #bh1jjj horses1 #aa1dfa cattle1 & #aij1jjj %eep--a l>ge proportion ( ! weal? & population ( ! isl&--7 swept away4 ,aft] ?is dreadful cata/rophe foll[$ a long p]iod ( volcanic re/1 = ! next eruption ( ! ,eyjafialla did n take place be=e #ahba4 ,a twelf? eruption ( ,ktlugja occurr$ 9 #ahbc1 ! tw5ty-six? ( ,hecla 9 #ahde-df2 & ultimately ! ?irte5? ( ,ktlugja 9 #ahfj4 ,s9ce !n !re has be5 repose2 b :o kn[s :at future disa/]s may be prep>+ b5ea? ^? icy ridges & fields ( sn[ ( ,skapta & 8 fr[n+ compe]s1 :]e no human foot has ev] w&]$1 or h[ soon !y may awak5 _! dormant ?und]s8 ,besides ! suff]+s caus$ by ! elem5ts1 ! curse ( monopoly weigh$ = _m a long ye> ^u ! mis]able ,icel&]s4 ,! ,dani% k+s1 to :om on ! amalgamation ( ! ?ree ,sc&9avian mon>*ies ! allegiance ( ! p ( ,icel& 0 passively transf]r$1 consid]$ _! poor dep5d5cy z a private doma91 to be f>m$ out to ! highe/ bidd]4 ,9 ! #af? c5tury ! ,hanseatic ,t[ns pur*as$ ! exclusive privilege ( trad+ ) ,icel&2 & 9 #aeid a ,dani% company 0 favor$ ) ! monopoly1 = :i* x _h to pay ! paltry sum ( #af rix-doll>s = ea* ( ! ports ( ! isl&4 ,9 ! ye> #ahfb a new company paid #djjj doll>s = ! ,icel&ic monopoly2 b at ! expiration ( ! contract1 ea* ( ! ports 7 f>m$ out to ! highe/ bidd]--a f9ancial improvem5t :i* rais$ ! rev5ue to #af1jjj doll>s a ye>1 & ultimately to #bb1jjj4 ,! incalculable mis]y produc$ by ! eruption ( ! ,skapta _h at lea/ ! b5eficial consequ5ce t x some:at loos5$ ! bonds ( monopoly1 z x n[ became free to e ,dani% m]*ant to trade ) ! isl&2 b x is only s9ce ,april1 #ahee1 t ! la/ re/rictions h fall5 & ! ports ( ,icel& be5 op5$ to ! m]*ants ( all nations4 ,x is to be hop$ t ! b5eficial effects ( free trade w gradually heal ! w\nds caus$ by c5turies ( neglect & mis=tune2 b great progress mu/ be made be=e ,icel& c atta9 ! degree ( prosp]ity :i* %e enjoy$ 9 ! times ( h] indep5d5ce4 ,!n %e _h above a hundr$ ?\s& inhabitants1 n[ %e has sc>cely half t numb]2 !n %e _h _m ri* & p[]ful families1 n[ m$iocrity or pov]ty is ! univ]sal lot2 !n %e 0 r5[n$ all ov] ! ,nor? z ! seat ( le>n+ & ! cradle ( lit]ature1 n[1 7 x n = h] rem>kable physical features1 no travell] w\ld ev] ?9k ( l&+ on h] rugg$ %ores4 ,illu/ration3 #ed4 ,,reykjavik1 ,,! ,,capital ,,( ,,icel&4 ,,*apt] ,,vii4 ,,! ,,icel&]s4 ,skalholt4--,reykjavik4--,! ,fair4--,! ,peasant & ! ,m]*ant4-- ,a ,cl]gyman 9 8 ,cups4--,hay-mak+4--,! ,icel&]'s ,hut4-- ,*ur*es4--,pov]ty ( ! ,cl]gy4--,jon ,?orlaks54--,! ,sem9>y ( ,reykjavik4--,b5eficial ,influ5ce ( ! ,cl]gy4-- ,home ,education4--,! ,icel&]'s ,w9t]'s ,ev5+4--,ta/e = ,lit]ature4--,! ,language4--,! ,public ,libr>y at ,reykjavik4-- ,! ,icel&ic ,lit]>y ,society4--,icel&ic ,newspap]s4-- ,longevity4--,leprosy4--,travell+ 9 ,icel&4--,=d+ ! ,riv]s4--,cross+ ( ! ,skeid>a by ,mr4 ,holl&4--,a ,night's ,biv\ac4 ,next to ,?+valla1 !re is no place 9 ,icel& s replete ) hi/orical int]e/ z ,skalholt1 its anci5t capital4 ,"h 9 ! elev5? c5tury 0 f\nd$ ! fir/ s*ool 9 ! isl&2 "h 0 ! seat ( its fir/ bi%ops2 "h fl\ri%$ a succession ( great orators1 hi/orians1 & poets2 ,isleif1 ! olde/ *ronicl] ( ! ,nor?2 ,gissur1 :o 9 ! beg9n+ ( ! twelf? c5tury _h visit$ all ! c\ntries ( ,europe & spoke all _! languages2 ! philologian ,?orlak1 & ,f9nur ,johnson1 ! le>n$ au?or ( ! 8,ecclesia/ical ,hi/ory ( ,icel&40 ,! ,ca!dral ( ,skalholt 0 r5[n$ f> & wide = its size1 & 9 ! ye> #aajj1 ,lat91 poetry1 music1 & rhetoric1 ! f\r lib]al arts1 7 taught 9 its s*ool1 m ?an !y 7 at t "t 9 _m ( ! l>ge ,european cities4 ,z a pro( h[ e>ly ! /udy ( ! anci5ts fl\ri%$ 9 ,skalholt1 we f9d x record$ t 9 ! twelf? c5tury a bi%op once caught a s*ol> read+ ,ovid's 8,art ( ,love20 & z ! /ory relates t ! v5]able pa/or flew into a viol5t passion at ! sight ( ! unholy book1 we may )\t inju/ice conclude t he mu/ h read x himself 9 "s ( 8 leisure h\rs1 to "k its "* s well4 ,( all its pa/ glories1 ,skalholt has reta9$ no?+ b its "n4 ,! s*ool & ! bi%opric h be5 remov$1 ! old *ur* has disappe>$1 & be5 replac$ by a small wood5 build+1 9 :i* div9e s]vice is held once a mon?2 ?ree cottages conta9 all ! inhabitants ( ! once celebrat$ city1 & ! ext5sive *ur*y>d is ! only memorial ( its =m] importance4 ,close by are ! ru9s ( ! old s*ool-h\se1 & on ! spot :]e ! bi%op resid$ a peasant has erect$ 8 mis]able hovel4 ,b ! ev]-*ang+ tide ( human affairs has n b]eft ! n[ lonely place ( its natural *>ms1 = ! mead[-l&s ( ,skalholt are beautifully imb$d$ 9 an undulat+ range ( hills1 ov]look+ ! junction ( ! ,bru>a & ,huita1 & back$ by a magnific5t !atre ( m\nta9s1 among :i* ,hecla & ! ,eyjafialla are ! mo/ prom95t4 ,reykjavik1 ! pres5t capital ( ! isl&1 has ris5 into importance at ! exp5se bo? ( ,skalholt & ,?+valla4 ,at ! beg9n+ ( ! pres5t c5tury ! c\rts ( ju/ice 7 transf]r$ f ! anci5t seat ( legislature to ! new metropolis1 & 9 #agig ! bi%oprics ( ,hoolum & ,skalholt1 unit$ into "o1 _h _! seats likewise transf]r$ to ,reykjavik4 ,! anci5t s*ool ( ,skalholt1 aft] hav+ fir/ migrat$ to ,besse/adt1 has also be5 oblig$ to foll[ ! c5traliz+ t5d5cy1 s p[]ful 9 our times1 & n[ contributes to ! ris+ =tunes ( ! small sea-port t[n4 ,b 9 spite ( all ^! accessions1 ! fir/ aspect ( ,reykjavik by no means corresponds to our ideas ( a capital4 8,! t[n10 says ,"l ,duff]91 8consi/s ( a collection ( wood5 %$s1 "o /ory high--ris+ "h & !re into a gable end ( great] pret5sions--built along ! lava-track1 & flank$ at ei!r end by a suburb ( turf huts4 ,on e side ( x ext5ds a desolate pla9 ( lava t once mu/ h boil$ up r$-hot f "s di/ant gateway ( hell1 & fall5 hiss+ into ! sea4 ,no tree or bu% relieves ! dre>9ess ( ! l&scape1 & ! m\nta9s are too di/ant to s]ve z a backgr\nd to ! build+s2 b be=e ! door ( ea* m]*ant's h\se fac+ ! sea !re flies a gay little p5non2 & z y walk along ! sil5t /reets1 ^: du/ no c>riage-:eel has ev] desecrat$1 ! r[s ( fl[]-pots t peep out ( ! w9d[s1 betwe5 curta9s ( :ite musl91 at once conv9ce y t1 not)/&+ _! unpret5d+ appe>ance1 )9 ea* dwell+ reign ! elegance & com=t ( a woman-t5d$ home40 ,illu/ration3 #ee4 ,,gov]nor',s ,,resid5ce1 ,,reykjavik4 ,tw5ty ye>s s9ce1 ,reykjavik 0 no bett] ?an a wret*$ fi%+-village1 n[ x already numb]s #adjj inhabitants1 & free-trade promises x a /ill great] increase = ! future4 ,x owes its prosp]ity *iefly to its excell5t port1 & to ! abundance ( fi%-banks 9 its neighborhood1 :i* h induc$ ! ,dani% m]*ants to make x _! pr9cipal settlem5t4 ,mo/ ( !m1 h[ev]1 m]ely visit x 9 summ] l birds ( passage1 arriv+ 9 ,may ) small c>goes ( =eign goods1 & leav+ x aga9 9 ,augu/1 aft] hav+ dispos$ ( _! w>es4 ,?us ,reykjavik mu/ be lonely & dre>y en\gh 9 w9t]1 :5 no trade animates its port1 & no travell] /ays at its solit>y inn2 b ! joy ( ! inhabitants is all ! great] :5 ! return ( spr+ re-op5s _! int]c\rse ) ! re/ ( ! _w1 & ! delight may be imag9$ ) :i* !y hail ! fir/ %ip t br+s !m ! long-expect$ news f ,europe1 & p]haps "s weal?y t\ri/1 eag] to admire ! wond]s ( ! ,geysirs4 ,! mo/ busy "t ( ! t[n is1 h[ev]1 ! beg9n+ ( ,july1 :5 ! annual fair attracts a great numb] ( fi%]m5 & peasants )9 its walls4 ,f a di/ance ( =ty & fifty leagues ar\nd1 !y come ) long tra9s ( pack-horses2 _! /ock-fi% slung freely across ! animals' backs1 _! m damageable articles close press$ & pack$ 9 boxes or sk9 bags4 ,! great] "p ( ! trade 9 ?is & o!r small sea-ports--su* z ,akreyri1 ,hafnafjord1 ,eyr>backi1 ,b]ufjord1 ,vapnafjord1 ,isafjord1 ,graf>os1 ,bud5/adt1 :i*1 tak5 all toge!r1 d n equal ,reykjavik 9 traffic & population--is c>ri$ on by b>t]4#b ,sometimes ! ,icel&] desires to be paid 9 specie = "p ( 8 produce1 b !n he is oblig$ to b>ga9 = a long "t ) ! m]*ant1 :o ( c\rse d]ives a d\ble pr(it by an ex*ange ( goods1 & is lo? to "p ) 8 h>d ca%4 ,! doll>s ?us acquir$ are ei!r melt$ d[n1 & work$ into silv] massive girdles1 :i* 9 po9t ( execution z well z design are said1 on good au?ority1#c to be equal to any ?+ ( ! k9d fa%ion$ by ,engli% jewell]s1 or else deposit$ 9 a /rong-box1 z taxes & wages are all paid 9 produce1 & no ,icel&] ev] ?9ks ( inve/+ 8 money 9 /ocks1 %>es1 or deb5tures4 ,he is1 h[ev]1 by no means s ignorant ( m]cantile affairs z to /rike at once a b>ga9 ) ! ,dani% trad]s4 ,pit*+ 8 t5t be=e ! t[n1 he fir/ pays a visit to all ! m]*ants ( ! place4 ,aft] c>efully not+ _! sev]al (f]s 7= z ea* ( !m inv>iably treats him to a dram1 he ) "s ju/ice mi/ru/s 8 memory71 he returns to 8 c>avan & makes 8 calculations z well z 8 some:at confus$ bra9 all[s him4 ,if he is accompani$ by 8 wife1 h] op9ion ( c\rse is decisive1 & ! foll[+ morn+ he repairs ) all 8 goods to ! m]*ant :o has succe$$ 9 ga9+ 8 confid5ce4 ,aft] ! bus9ess has be5 conclud$1 ! peasant empties "o glass to ! m]*ant's heal?1 ano!r to a happy meet+ next ye>1 a ?ird to ! k+1 a f\r? because ?ree h be5 drunk already4 ,at l5g?1 aft] _m embraces & prote/ations ( et]nal fri5d%ip1 he takes 8 leave ( ! m]*ant4 ,=tunately !re is no ?ief to be f\nd 9 all ,icel&2 b 9 consequ5ce ( ^! repeat$ libations1 "o p>cel has n be5 well pack$1 ano!r neglig5tly atta*$ to ! horse1 & ?us x happ5s t ! poor peasant's track is n unfrequ5tly m>k$ ) sug>1 c(fee-beans1 salt1 or fl\r1 & t :5 he rea*es home1 he f9ds "s valuable article or o!r miss+4 ,x w\ld1 h[ev]1 be do+ ! ,icel&]s an inju/ice to reg>d !m z g5]ally intemp]ate2 = ?\gh )9 ! la/ twelve ye>s ! population has increas$ only t5 p] c5t41 & ! importation ( br&y ?irty1 yet ! :ole quantity ( spirits consum$ 9 ! isl& am\nts to less ?an ?ree bottles p] annum = ea* individual1 &1 ( ?is all[ance1 ! p ( ,reykjavik & ( ! o!r small sea-ports h m ?an _! %>e1 :ile _m ( ! cl]gy & peasantry 9 ! remot] di/ricts h>dly ev] ta/e spiritu\s liquors4 ,dr4 ,hook] m5tions ! extraord9>y effect :i* a small portion ( rum produc$ on ! good old incumb5t ( ,middalr1 ^: /oma* _h be5 accu/om$ only to a milk-diet & a little c(fee4 8,he begg$ me10 says ! doctor1#d 8to give him "s rum to ba! 8 wife's brea/2 b hav+ appli$ a portion ( x to t purpose1 he drank ! re/ )\t be+ at all aw>e ( its /r5g?1 :i*1 h[ev]1 _h no o!r effect ?an 9 caus+ ?is cl]ical blacksmi?1#e ) 8 lame hip1 to dance 9 ! mo/ ridicul\s mann] 9 front ( ! h\se4 ,! sc5e af=d$ a great s\rce ( m]rim5t to all 8 family except 8 old wife1 :o 0 v desir\s ( gett+ him to b$1 :ile he 0 no less anxi\s t %e %\ld jo9 him 9 ! dance40 ,dr4 ,hook] ju/ly rem>ks t ?is v circum/ance is a conv9c+ pro( h[ unaccu/om$ ?is prie/ 0 to spiritu\s liquors1 z ! quantity tak5 c\ld n h exce$$ a w9e-glass full4 ,aft] 8 visit to ! fair1 ! peasant sets ab\t hay-mak+1 :i* is to him ! great bus9ess ( ! ye>1 = he is mo/ anxi\s to secure w9t] fodd] = 8 cattle1 on :i* 8 :ole prosp]ity dep5ds4 ,! few potatoes & turnips ab\t ! size ( m>bles1 or ! cabbage & p>sley1 :i* he may *ance to cultivate1 are n wor? m5tion+2 grass is ! *ief1 nay1 ! only produce ( 8 f>m1 & t ,heav5 may grant cle> sun%9y days = hay-mak+ is n[ 8 daily pray]4 ,e p]son capable ( wield+ a scy! or rake is press$ into ! "w4 ,! be/ hay is cut f ! 8tn10 a sort ( paddock compris+ ! l&s adjo9+ ! f>m-h\se1 & ! only "p ( 8 gr\nds on :i* ! peasant be/[s any att5tion1 =1 9 spite ( ! p>am\nt importance ( 8 pa/ure-l&1 he does b little = its improvem5t1 & a mead[ is r>ely se51 :]e ! useless or less nutriti\s h]bs are n at lea/ z abundant z ^? ( a bett] quality4 ,! 8tn0 is encircl$ by a turf or /one wall1 & is seldom m ?an t5 acres 9 ext5t1 & g5]ally n m ?an two or ?ree4 ,its surface is usually a s]ies ( closely-pack$ m\nds1 l graves1 mo/ unpleasant to walk ov]1 ! gutt]1 9 "s places1 be+ two feet 9 dep? betwe5 ! m\nds4 ,aft] hav+ f9i%$ ) ! 8tn10 ! f>m] subjects to a process ( cutt+ all ! brok5 hillsides & boggy undra9$ swamps t lie ne> 8 dwell+4 ,! blades ( ! scy!s are v %ort4 ,x w\ld be impossible to use a long-blad$ scy!1 ow+ to ! unev5ness ( ! gr\nd4 ,! cutt+ & mak+ ( hay is c>ri$ on1 :5 ! wea!r w p]mit1 ?r\gh all ! tw5ty-f\r h\rs ( ! day4 ,:5 ! hay is made x is ti$ 9 bundles by cords & ?ongs1 & c>ri$ away by ponies to ! e>!n h\ses prep>$ = x1 :i* are simil> to & adjo9 ^? 9 :i* ! cattle are /all$4 8,x is a v curi\s sight10 says ,mr4 ,%eph]d1 8to see a /r+ ( hay-lad5 ponies return+ home4 ,ea* pony's halt] is made fa/ to ! tail ( ! prec$+ "o1 & ! little animals are s envelop$ 9 _! burd5s t no?+ b _! ho(s & ! connect+ ropes are visible1 & !y look z ?\gh a doz5 huge haycocks1 feel+ !mselves suffici5tly made1 7 crawl+ (f to _! re/+-places40 ,:5 ! h>ve/ is f9i%$ ! f>m] treats 8 family & labor]s to a sub/antial supp]1 consi/+ ( mutton1 & a s\p ( milk & fl\r2 & al?\gh ! s]i\s & taciturn ,icel&] has p]haps ( all m5 ! lea/ ta/e = music & danc+1 yet ^! simple fea/s are di/+ui%$ by a placid s]5ity1 no less pleas+ ?an ! m boi/]\s mir? display$ at a s\!rn v9tage4 ,almo/ all labor out-(-doors n[ ceases = ! re/ ( ! ye>4 ,a ?ick mantle ( sn[ soon cov]s m\nta9 & vale1 mead[ & moor2 ) e return+ day1 ! sun pays ! cold e>? a decreas+ visit1 until1 f9ally1 he h>dly appe>s above ! horizon at noon2 ! w9try /orm h[ls ov] ! wa/e1 & = mon?s ! life ( ! ,icel&] is conf9$ to 8 hut1 :i* frequ5tly is b a few degrees bett] ?an t ( ! fil?y ,lap4 ,its l[] "p is built ( rude /ones to ab\t ! height ( f\r feet1 & betwe5 ea* r[ lay]s ( turf are plac$ ) great regul>ity1 to s]ve in/ead ( mort>1 & keep out ! w9d4 ,a ro( ( su* wood z c be procur$ re/s ^u ^! walls1 & is cov]$ ) turf & sods4 ,on "o side 7g5]ally fac+ ! s\?7 are sev]al gable ends & doors1 ea* surm\nt$ ) a wea!r-cock4 ,^! are ! entrances to ! dwell+-h\se prop]1 to ! smi?y1 /ore-room1 c[-%$1 etc4 ,a long n>r[ passage1 d>k z pit*1 & r$ol5t ( unsavory odors1 leads to ! sev]al ap>tm5ts1 :i* are sep>at$ f ea* o!r by ?ick walls ( turf1 ea* hav+ also its own ro(1 s t ! peasant's dwell+ is 9 fact a conglom]ation ( l[ huts1 :i* sometimes receive _! light ?r\gh small w9d[s 9 ! front1 b m frequ5tly ?r\gh holes 9 ! ro(1 cov]$ ) a piece ( glass or sk94 ,! floors are ( /amp$ e>?2 ! he>? is made ( a few /ones clumsily pil$ toge!r2 a cask or b>rel1 ) ! two ends knock$ out1 answ]s ! purpose ( a *imney1 or else ! smoke is all[$ to escape ?r\gh a m]e hole 9 ! ro(4 ,illu/ration3 #ef4 ,,icel&ic ,,h\ses4 ,! ?ick turf walls1 ! dirty floor1 ! p]sonal uncleanl9ess ( ! inhabitants1 all contribute to ! pollution ( ! atmosph]e4 ,no piece ( furniture seems ev] to h be5 clean$ s9ce x 0 fir/ put into use2 all is disord] & confusion4 ,v5tilation is utt]ly impossible1 & ! :ole family1 frequ5tly consi/+ ( tw5ty p]sons or m1 sleep 9 ! same dormitory1 z well z any /rang]s :o may happ5 to drop 94 ,on ei!r side ( ?is ap>tm5t are bunks ?ree or f\r feet 9 wid?1 on :i* ! sleep]s range !mselves4 ,su* are 9 g5]al ! dwell+s ( ! f>m]s & cl]gy1 = b v few ( ! m weal?y inhabitants live 9 any way accord+ to our notions ( com=t1 :ile ! cots ( ! poor fi%]man are s wret*$ t "o c h>dly believe !m to be t5ant$ by human be+s4 ,! f>m-h\ses are frequ5tly isolat$1 &1 on acc\nt ( _! grass-cov]$ ro(s & _! l[ con/ruction1 are n easily di/+ui%$ f ! neighbor+ pa/ure-gr\nds2 :]e f\r or five ( !m are congregat$ 9 a grassy pla91 !y are dignifi$ ) ! "n ( a village1 & become ! resid5ce ( a ,hrep/ior1 or p>i% con/able4 ,!n also a *ur* is seldom want+1 :i* h[ev] is di/+ui%$ f ! l[ huts ar\nd m]ely by ! cross plant$ on its ro(4 ,an ,icel&ic h\se ( pray] is g5]ally f eight to t5 feet wide1 & f eighte5 to tw5ty-f\r long2 b ( ?is ab\t eight feet are devot$ to ! alt>1 :i* is divid$ (f by a p>tition /ret*+ across ! *ur*1 & aga9/ :i* /&s ! pulpit4 ,a small wood5 *e/ or cupbo>d1 plac$ at ! end ( ! build+1 betwe5 two v small squ>e w9d[s n l>g] ?an a common-siz$ pane ( glass1 con/itutes ! communion-table1 ov] :i* is g5]ally a mis]able repres5tation ( ! ,"l's ,supp] pa9t$ on wood4 ,! height ( ! walls1 :i* are wa9scot$1 is ab\t six feet1 & f !m l>ge wood5 beams /ret* across f side to side4 ,on ^! beams are plac$ 9 great disord] a quantity ( old ,bibles1 psalt]s1 & fragm5ts ( dirty manuscripts4 ,! int]ior ( ! ro(1 ! raft]s ( :i* re/ on ! walls1 is also l9$ ) wood4 ,on ! "r ( ! door1 "u :i* "o is oblig$ to /oop consid]ably on ent]+1 is susp5d$ a bell1 l>ge en\gh to make an intol]able noise 9 s small a space4 ,a few b5*es on ea* side ! aisle1 s cr[d$ toge!r z almo/ to t\* "o ano!r1 & af=d+ accommodation to ?irty or =ty p]sons :5 squeez$ v tight1 leave room = a n>r[ passage4 ,^! *ur*es1 besides _! prop] use1 are also made to answ] ! purpose ( ! c>avans]as ( ! ,ea/1 by af=d+ a night's lodg+ to =eign t\ri/s4 ,!y are inde$ nei!r free f dirt1 nor f bad smells2 b ! /rang] is /ill f> bett] (f ?an 9 ! intol]able atmosph]e ( a peasant's hut4 ,mr4 ,ross ,br[ne ?us describes ! *ur* & p>sonage at ,?+valla2 8,! *ur* is ( mod]n con/ruction1 &1 l all ,i saw 9 ! int]ior1 is made ( wood1 pa9t$ a d>k color1 & ro($ ) bo>ds cov]$ ) %eets ( t>r$ canvas4 ,x is a v primitive little affair1 only "o /ory high1 & n m ?an fifte5 by tw5ty feet 9 dim5sions4 ,f ! date on ! wea!r-cock x appe>s to h be5 built 9 #aheh4 ,! congregation is suppli$ by ! few %eep-ran*es 9 ! neighborhood1 consi/+ at mo/ ( half a doz5 families4 ,^! unpret5d+ little *ur*es are to be se5 9 ! vic9ity ( e settlem5t ?r\gh\t ! :ole isl&4 ,simple & homely z !y are1 !y speak well = ! pi\s "* ( ! p4 8,! pa/or ( ,?+valla & 8 family reside 9 a gr\p ( sod-cov]$ huts close by ! *ur*4 ,^! *e]less little hovels are really a curiosity1 none ( !m be+ ov] t5 or fifte5 feet high1 & all huddl$ toge!r )\t ! slighte/ reg>d to latitude or longitude1 l a p>cel ( %eep 9 a /orm4 ,"s h w9d[s 9 ! ro(1 & "s h *imneys2 grass & we$s gr[ all ov] !m1 & crook$ by-ways & d>k alleys run among !m & ?r\gh !m4 ,at ! base !y are wall$ up ) big lumps ( lava1 & two ( !m h bo>d fronts1 pa9t$ black1 :ile ! rema9d] are pat*$ up ) turf & rubbi% ( all sorts1 v mu* 9 ! /yle ( a /ork's ne/4 ,a l[ /one wall encircles ! premises1 b seems to be ( little use z a b>ri] aga9/ ! encroa*m5ts ( live-/ock1 be+ brok5 up 9 gaps e few y>ds4 ,9 front ( ! gr\p "s attempt has be5 made at a pavem5t1 :i*1 h[ev]1 mu/ h be5 ab&on$ soon aft] ! "w 0 comm5c$4 ,x is n[ litt]$ all ov] ) old tubs1 pots1 di%-clo?s1 & o!r articles ( dome/ic use4 ,illu/ration3 #eg4 ,,*ur* ,,at ,,?+valla4 8,! int]ior ( ?is /range abode is ev5 m complicat$ ?an "o w\ld be l$ to expect f ! ext]ior4 ,pass+ ?r\gh a dilapidat$ doorway 9 "o ( ! small] cab9s1 :i* y w\ld h>dly suppose to be ! ma9 entrance1 y f9d y\rself 9 a long d>k passage-way1 built ( r\gh /one1 & ro($ ) wood5 raft]s & bru%wood cov]$ ) sod4 ,! sides are ornam5t$ ) pegs /uck 9 ! crevices betwe5 ! /ones1 ^u :i* hang saddles1 bridles1 horse-%oes1 bun*es ( h]bs1 dri$ fi%1 & v>i\s articles ( ca/-(f clo?+1 includ+ old %oes & %eepsk9s4 ,wide or n>r[1 /raight or crook$1 to suit ! s9uosities ( ! diff]5t cab9s into :i* x =ms ! entrance1 x seems to h be5 orig9ally locat$ ^u ! track ( a bl9d boa-con/rictor4 ,! be/ room1 or r h\se--= e room is a h\se--is set ap>t = ! accommodation ( travell]s4 ,ano!r cab9 is occupi$ by "s memb]s ( ! pa/or's family1 :o bundle ab\t l a lot ( rabbits4 ,! kit*5 is also ! dog-k5nel1 & occasionally ! %eep-h\se4 ,a pile ( /ones 9 "o corn] ( x1 ^u :i* a few twigs or scraps ( %eep-manure s]ve to make ! fire1 con/itute ! cook+ ap>tm5t4 ,! floor consi/s ( ! orig9al lava-b$1 & artificial puddles compos$ ( slops & (fal ( div]se unctu\s k9ds4 ,smoke fills all ! cavities 9 ! air n already occupi$ by f\l odors1 & ! beams1 & po/s1 & rickety old bits ( furniture are dy$ to ! core ) ! d5se & v>iegat$ atmosph]e ar\nd !m4 ,?is is a fair specim5 ( ! :ole e/abli%m5t1 ) ! exception ( ! travell]s' room4 ,! b$s 9 ^! cab9s are ! *ief articles ( luxury40 ,! pov]ty ( ! cl]gy corresponds ) ! meanness ( _! *ur*es4 ,! be/ liv+ 9 ! isl& is t ( ,breide'-,bol/adr1 :]e ! nom9al /ip5d am\nts to #ahj specie doll>s1 or ab\t #dj a ye>2 & ,mr4 ,holl& /ates t ! av]age liv+s d n am\nt to m ?an #aj = ea* p>i% 9 ! isl&4 ,! cl]gym5 mu/ !re=e dep5d almo/ entirely = subsi/5ce on _! glebe l&1 & a small pittance to :i* !y are entitl$ = ! few baptisms1 m>riages1 & fun]als t occur among _! p>i%ion]s4 ,! bi%op himself has only #bjjj rix-doll>s1 or #bjj1 a ye>1 a mis]able pittance to make a dec5t appe>ance1 & to ex]cise hospitality to ! cl]gy :o visit ,reykjavik f di/ant p>ts4 ,illu/ration3 #eh4 ,,! ,,pa/or',s ,,h\se1 ,,?+valla4 ,x c n be wond]$ at t pa/ors ?us mis]ably paid are g5]ally oblig$ to p]=m ! h>de/ "w ( day labor]s to pres]ve _! families f />v+1 & t _! ext]nal appe>ance corresponds less ) ! dignity ( _! (fice ?an ) _! p5ury4 ,besides hay-mak+ & t5d+ ! cattle1 !y may be frequ5tly se5 lead+ a tra9 ( pack-horses f a fi%+-/ation to _! di/ant hut4 ,!y are all blacksmi?s also f necessity1 & ! be/ %o]s ( horses on ! isl&4 ,! feet ( an ,icel& horse w\ld be cut to pieces ov] ! %>p rock & lava1 if n well %od4 ,! great resort ( ! peasantry is ! *ur*2 & %\ld any ( ! num]\s horses h lo/ a %oe1 or be likely to d s1 ! prie/ puts on 8 apron1 lights 8 little *>coal fire 9 8 smi?y 7"o ( :i* is always atta*$ to e p>sonage71 & sets ! animal on 8 legs aga94 ,! task ( gett+ ! necess>y *>coal is n ! lea/ ( 8 labors1 = :atev] ! di/ance may be to ! ne>e/ ?icket ( dw>f-bir*1 he mu/ g ?i!r to burn ! wood1 & to br+ x home :5 *>r$ across 8 horse's back4 ,8 hut is sc>cely bett] ?an t ( ! meane/ fi%]man2 a b$1 a rickety table1 a few *airs1 & a *e/ or two1 are all 8 furniture4 ,?is is1 z long z he lives1 ! condition ( ! ,icel&ic cl]gyman1 & le>n+1 virtue1 & ev5 g5ius are b too frequ5tly buri$ "u ?is squalid pov]ty4 ,b few ( my read]s h probably ev] he>d ( ! poet ,jon ,?orlakson1 b :o c )hold ! tribute ( 8 admiration f ! poor prie/ ( ,backa1 :o ) a fix$ income ( less ?an #f a ye>1 & condemn$ to all ! drudg]y :i* ,i h describ$1 f9i%$ at sev5ty ye>s ( age a translation ( ,milton's 8,p>adise ,lo/10 hav+ previ\sly translat$ ,pope's 8,essay on ,man40 ,illu/ration3 #ei4 ,,! ,,pa/or ,,( ,,?+valla4 ,?ree ( ! fir/ books only ( ! 8,p>adise ,lo/0 7 pr9t$ by ! ,icel&ic ,lit]>y ,society1 :5 x 0 dissolv$ 9 #agif1 & to pr9t ! re/ at 8 own exp5se 0 ( c\rse impossible4 ,9 a few ,icel&ic v]ses1 ,?orlakson t\*+ly alludes to 8 p5ury3--8,ev] s9ce ,i came into ?is _w ,i h be5 w$d$ to ,pov]ty1 :o has n[ hugg$ me to h] bosom ^! sev5ty w9t]s1 all b two2 & :e!r we %all ev] be sep>at$ "h bel[ is only kn[n to ,him :o jo9$ u toge!r40 ,z if ,provid5ce _h int5d$ to tea* ! old man t we mu/ hope to ! la/1 he soon aft] receiv$ ! unexpect$ visit ( ,mr4 ,h5d]son1 an ag5t ( ! ,briti% & ,=eign ,bible ,society1 :o ?us relates 8 int]view3 8,l mo/ ( 8 bre?r5 at ?is season ( ! ye>1 we f\nd him 9 ! mead[ assi/+ 8 p 9 hay-mak+4 ,on he>+ ( our arrival1 he made all ! ha/e home :i* 8 age & infirmity w\ld all[1 & bidd+ u welcome to 8 l[ly abode1 u%]$ u into ! humble ap>tm5t :]e he translat$ my c\ntrym5 into ,icel&ic4 ,! door is n q f\r feet 9 height1 & ! room may be ab\t eight feet 9 l5g? by six 9 bread?4 ,at ! inn] end is ! poet's b$1 & close to ! door1 ov] aga9/ a small w9d[1 n exce$+ two feet squ>e1 is a table :]e he commits to pap] ! effusions ( 8 ,muse4 ,on my tell+ him t my c\ntrym5 w\ld n h =giv5 me1 nor c\ld ,i h =giv5 myself1 _h ,i pass$ ?r\gh ?is "p ( ! isl& )\t pay+ him a visit1 he repli$ t ! translation ( ,milton _h yield$ him _m a pleasant h\r1 & (t5 giv5 him occasion to ?9k ( ,engl&40 ,?is visit 0 foll[$ by agreeable consequ5ces = ! v5]able b>d4 ,! ,lit]>y ,fund soon aft]w>ds s5t him a pres5t ( #cj1 a mode/ sum accord+ to our ideas1 b a m9e ( weal? 9 ! eyes ( ! poor ,icel&ic prie/4 ,8 life1 h[ev]1 0 n[ ne> its close1 z x is /at$ 9 a %ort view 8,( ! ,orig91 ,progress1 & ,op]ations ( ! ,society10 dat$ ,m>* #c;d1 #ahba1 t 8! poet ( ,icel& is n[ 9 8 grave2 b x is satisfactory to "k t ! att5tion1 9 ?is in/ance1 ( a =eign & remote society to 8 ga9s & 8 =tunes 0 highly gratify+ to 8 feel+s1 & contribut$ n immat]ially to ! com=t ( 8 conclud+ days40 ,he wrote a lett] 9 v elegant ,lat91 express+ 8 he>tfelt gratitude = ! k9dness & g5]osity ( ! ,society1 s accordant ) ! "* ( ! ,briti% nation1 & accompani$ x ) a ,,ms4 copy ( 8 translation4 ,! latt] 0 fir/ pr9t$ 9 ,icel& 9 #ahbh1 b 8 own orig9al poems did n appe> be=e #ahdb4 ,! s*ool :]e mo/ ( ! ,icel&ic cl]gym51 s poor & yet g5]ally s respectable 9 _! pov]ty1 are educat$1 is t ( ,reykjavik1 z few only enjoy /ip5ds :i* enable !m to /udy at ,cop5hag54 ,!re !y live sev]al ye>s "u a mild] sky1 !y become acqua9t$ ) ! spl5dor ( a l>ge capital1 & ?us x might be suppos$ t ! idea ( return+ to ! dre>y wa/es ( _! own l& mu/ be intol]able4 ,yet ?is is _! ard5t desire1 &1 l bani%$ exiles1 !y long = _! belov$ ,icel&1 :]e privation & p5ury await !m4 ,9 no ,*ri/ian c\ntry1 p]haps ) ! sole exception ( ,lapl&1 are ! cl]gy s poor z 9 ,icel&1 b 9 none d !y ex]t a m b5eficial influ5ce4 ,?\gh ! isl& has b ! "o public s*ool at ,reykjavik1 yet p]haps 9 no c\ntry is elem5t>y education m g5]ally diffus$4 ,e "m tea*es h] *ildr5 to read & write1 & a peasant1 aft] provid+ = ! wants ( 8 family by ! labor ( 8 h&s1 loses no opportunity1 9 8 leisure h\rs1 ( inculcat+ a s\nd morality4 ,9 ^! praisewor?y ef=ts ! p>5ts are support$ by ! pa/or4 ,he :o1 judg+ f ! sordid condition ( an ,icel&ic hut1 might imag9e its inhabitants to be no bett] ?an savages1 w\ld soon *ange 8 op9ion 7 he introduc$ on a w9t] ev5+ into ! l[1 ill-v5tilat$ room :]e ! family ( a peasant or a small l&hold] is assembl$4 ,va9ly w\ld he seek a s+le idl] 9 ! :ole company4 ,! wom5 & girls sp9 or knit2 ! m5 & boys are all busy m5d+ _! agricultural implem5ts & h\sehold ut5sils1 or else *isell+ or cutt+ ) admirable skill ornam5ts or snuff-boxes 9 silv]1 ivory1 or wood4 ,by ! dubi\s light ( a tall[ lamp1 j mak+ obscurity visible1 sits "o ( ! family1 :o reads ) a l\d voice an old 8saga0 or *ronicle1 or maybe ! newe/ numb] ( ! 8,nor?urf>i10 an ,icel& lit]>y almanac1 publi%$ dur+ ! la/ few ye>s by ,mr4 ,gisle ,br9julfsson4 ,sometimes poems or :ole sagas are repeat$ f memory1 & !re are ev5 it9]ant /ory-tell]s1 :o1 l ! tr\bad\rs & tr\vres ( ! ,middle ,ages1 w&] f "o f>m to ano!r1 & ?us ga9 a scanty livelihood4 ,9 ?is mann] ! de$s ( ! anci5t ,icel&]s rema9 fix$ 9 ! memory ( _! desc5dants1 & ,snorre ,/urleson1 ,smund1 ,frodi1 & ,eric ,rauda are un=gott54 ,n9e c5turies h elaps$2 b e ,icel&] /ill kn[s ! names ( ! pr\d y>ls :o fir/ peopl$ ! fiords ( ! isl&2 & ! exploits ( ! brave vik+s :o spread t]ror & desolation along all ! coa/s ( ,europe /ill fill ! he>ts ( ! peaceful isl&]s ( our days ) a gl[ ( patriotic pride4 ,:]e education is s g5]al1 "o may naturally expect to f9d a high degree ( intellectual cultivation among ! cl]gy1 ! public function>ies1 & ! weal?i] "p ( ! population4 ,_! classical k is "o ( ! fir/ ?+s t /rike ! /rang] ) a/oni%m5t4 ,he sees m5 ^: appe>ance too frequ5tly d5otes an abject pov]ty conv]sant ) ! great au?ors ( antiquity1 & ke5ly alive to _! beauties4 ,travell+ to ! ,geysirs1 he is n seldom acco/$ 9 ,lat9 by 8 guide1 & /opp+ at a f>m1 8 ho/ greets him 9 ! same language4 ,i h specially nam$ ,jon ,?orlakson1 b ,icel& has produc$ & /ill produces _m o!r m5 :o1 )\t ! hope ( any o!r rew>d b t :i* proce$s f ! pure love ( lit]ature1 devote _! days & nights to labori\s /udies1 & live ) ,virgil & ,hom] "u ! sunny skies ( ,italy & ,greece4 ,9 ! /udy ( ! mod]n languages1 ! ,icel&]s are z f> advanc$ z c be expect$ f _! limit$ int]c\rse ) ! re/ ( ! _w4 ,! ,engli% language1 9 :i* !y f9d s _m words ( _! own & s _m borr[$ f ! ,lat91 is cultivat$ by _m ( ! cl]gy4 ,! ,g]man !y f9d /ill m easy2 & z all ! ,sc&9avian languages proce$ f ! same root1 !y h no difficulty 9 und]/&+ ! ,dani% & ! ,norwegian tongues4 ,( all ! mod]n languages or dialects :i* h sprung f ! anci5t ,norse1 spok5 a ?\s& ye>s ago all ov] ,d5m>k1 ,sw$51 & ,norway1 none has und]gone few] *anges ?an ! ,icel&ic4 ,9 ! sea-ports x is mix$ up ) _m ,dani% words & phrases1 b 9 ! int]ior ( ! isl& x is /ill spok5 z x 0 9 ! times ( ,+olfr & ,eric ! ,r$1 & 9 ! :ole isl& !re is no fi%]man or day labor] :o does n p]fectly und]/& ! olde/ writ+s4 ,x may easily be imag9$ t among a p s fond ( lit]ature1 books mu/ be 9 great reque/4 ,too poor to be con/antly increas+ _! small collections ( mod]n publications1 or ( old 8sagas0 or *ronicles1 by new acquisitions1 "o assi/s ! o!r4 ,:5 ! peasant goes on ,sundays to *ur*1 he takes a few volumes ) him1 ready to l5d 8 treasures to 8 neighbors1 &1 on 8 "p1 selects f among ^? :i* !y h br\ght = ! same purpose4 ,:5 he is p>ticul>ly pleas$ ) a "w1 he has x copi$ at home1 & x may be "h rem>k$ t ! ,icel&]s are frequ5tly mo/ excell5t calligraphi/s4 ,! f\ndation ( a public libr>y at ,reykjavik 9 #ahba1 at ! in/igation ( ! le>n$ ,pr(essor ,rafn ( ,cop5hag51 0 a great boon to ! p4 ,x is said to conta9 ab\t #ab1jjj volumes1 :i* are kept "u ! ro( ( ! ca!dral4 ,books are freely l5t = mon?s1 or ev5 = a :ole ye>1 to ! inhabitants ( remote di/ricts4 ,?is lib]ality is1 ( c\rse1 att5d$ ) "s inconv5i5ce1 b x has ! ine/imable advantage ( r5d]+ a numb] ( good works accessible to num]\s families too poor to pur*ase !m4 ,ano!r excell5t in/itution is ! ,new ,icel&ic ,lit]>y ,society1 f\nd$ 9 #ahaf4 ,x has two seats1 "o 9 ,cop5hag51 ! o!r 9 ,reykjavik1 & its *ief object is ! publication ( useful works 9 ! language ( ! c\ntry4 ,besides an annual grant ( #ajj specie doll>s 7#bd7 aw>d$ to x by ! ,dani% ,gov]nm5t1 its income is conf9$ to ! ye>ly contributions ( its memb]s1#f & ) ?is scanty means x has already publi%$ _m excell5t works4 ,?\gh remote f ! busy sc5es ( ! _w1 ,icel& has ?ree newspap]s1 ! ,?yod?olfr & ! ,isl5d+ur1 :i* appe> at ,reykjavik1 & ! ,nor?ri1 :i* is publi%$ at ,akreyri1 on ! bord]s ( ! ,pol> ,ocean4 ,! ,isl5d+ur is said to conta9 _m excell5t articles1 b x w\ld sorely task ! pati5ce ( ^? :o are accu/om$ to ! regul> enjoym5t ( ! 8,times0 at breakfa/2 z x sometimes appe>s b once 9 ?ree weeks1 & !n aga91 z if to make up = lo/ "t1 twice 9 eight days4 ,9 spite ( _! ill-v5tilat$ dwell+s & ! h>d%ips entail$ ^u !m by ! sev]ity ( ! climate1 ! ,icel&]s frequ5tly atta9 a good old age4 ,( ! #bjai p]sons :o di$ 9 #aheh1 #be _h pass$ ! age ( n9ety1 & ( ^! #bj belong$ to ! fair sex4 ,! mortality among ! *ildr5 is1 h[ev]1 v consid]able2 #iic1 or ne>ly "o-half ( ! entire numb] hav+ di$ be=e ! age ( five 9 ! ye> above-m5tion$4 ,cutane\s affections are v common among ,icel&]s1 z may easily be suppos$ f _! sordid wooll5 app>el & ! uncleanl9ess ( _! huts2 & ! nor!rn leprosy1 or 8lik?ra10 is con/antly seek+ out its victims among !m4 ,?is dreadful disease1 :i* is also f\nd among ! fi%]m5 9 ,norway1 9 ,gre5l&1 9 ! ,fa]oes1 9 ,lapl&1 &1 9 %ort1 :]ev] ! same mode ( life exi/s1 beg9s ) a swell+ ( ! h&s & feet4 ,! hair falls (f2 ! s5ses become obtuse4 ,tumors appe> on ! arms & legs1 & on ! face1 :i* soon loses ! semblance ( humanity4 ,sev]e pa9s %oot ?r\gh ! jo9ts1 an eruption cov]s ! :ole body1 & f9ally *anges into op5 sores1 end+ ) dea?4 ,he :om ! leprosy has once attack$ is doom$1 = x mocks all ! ef=ts ( m$ical art4 ,=tunately ! victims ( ?is %ock+ compla9t are r objects ( pity ?an ( disgu/1 & z x is n suppos$ to be contagi\s1 !y are n s cruelly =sak5 by _! relations z _! fell[-suff]]s 9 ! ,ea/4 ,9 ! hut ( ! prie/ ( ,?+valla1 ,m>mi] saw a lep] busy gr9d+ corn4 ,"s ( ! poore/ & mo/ helpless ( ^! un=tunate creatures f9d a refuge 9 f\r small hospitals1 :]e !y are provid$ = at ! public exp5se4 ,s9ce a regul> /eam-boat communication has be5 op5$ betwe5 ,icel&1 ,d5m>k1 & ,scotl&1 ! numb] ( t\ri/s desir\s ( view+ ! mat*less natural wond]s ( ! isl& has consid]ably increas$4 ,b travell+ 9 ! isl& itself is /ill att5d$ ) consid]able difficulties & no trifl+ exp5se1 to say no?+ ( ! want ( all com=ts2 s t mo/ ( its visitors are cont5t ) a trip to ,?+valla & ! ,geysir1 :i* are b a c\ple ( days' j\rney f ,reykjavik1 & v few1 l ,mr4 ,holl&1 make ! entire circuit ( ! isl&1 or1 l ,mr4 ,%eph]d1 plunge into ! t]ra incognita ( its nor?-we/]n p59sula4 ,! only mode ( travell+ is on horseback1 z !re are no roads1 & !re=e no c>riages 9 ,icel&4 ,! di/ances betwe5 ! places are too great1 ! riv]s are too furi\s1 & ! bogs too ext5sive to all[ ( a walk+ t\r be+ made4 ,ev5 ! t\ri/ ) ! mo/ mode/ pret5sions requires at lea/ two rid+ horses = himself1 two = 8 guide1 & two packhorses2 & :5 a l>g] company travels1 x always =ms a cavalcade ( f tw5ty to ?irty horses1 ti$ head to tail1 ! *ief guide m\nt$ on ! fir/ & lead+ ! /r+1 ! o!r accel]at+ its motions by ge/iculation1 sundry oa?s1 & ! timely application ( ! :ip4 ,! way1 or ! pa?1 lies ei!r ov] b$s ( lava1 s rugg$ t ! horses are all[$ to pick _! way1 or ov] boggy gr\nd1 :]e x is equally necess>y to avoid ^? places into :i* ! animals might s9k up to _! belly1 b :i*1 :5 left to !mselves1 !y are rem>kably skillful 9 detect+4 ,) ! solit>y exception ( a few planks ?r[n across ! ,bru]a1 & a k9d ( sw+ bridge1 or klfr1 contriv$ = pass+ ! rapid ,jkulsa1 !re are no bridges ov] ! riv]s1 s t ! only way to get across is to ride ?r\gh !m--a feat :i*1 consid]+ ! usual velocity ( _! curr5t1 is n seldom att5d$ ) consid]able dang]1 z w be se5 by ! foll[+ acc\nt ( ! cross+ ( ! ,skeid>a by ,mr4 ,holl&4 ,illu/ration3 #fj4 ,,bridge ,,riv]1 ,,icel&4 8,our guide10 says ?is intrepid travell]1 8urg$ on 8 horse ?r\gh ! /ream1 & l$ ! way t[>ds ! mid-*annel4 ,we foll[$ 9 8 wake1 & soon 7 all /emm+ ! impetu\s & swoll5 torr5t4 ,9 ! c\rse ( our j\rney we _h be=e ?is cross$ a good _m riv]s m or less deep1 b all ( !m _h be5 m]e *ild's play comp>$ to t :i* we 7 n[ =d+4 ,! angry wat] rose high aga9/ our horses' sides1 at times almo/ com+ ov] ! tops ( _! %\ld]s4 ,! spray f _! brok5 cre/s 0 da%$ up into our faces4 ,! /ream 0 s swift t x 0 impossible to foll[ ! individual waves z !y ru%$ pa/ u1 & x almo/ made u dizzy to look d[n at x4 ,n[1 if ev]1 is ! "t = firm h& or re91 sure seat1 & /eady eye2 n only is ! /ream s /rong1 b ! bottom is full ( l>ge /ones1 t ! horse c n see ?r\gh ! murky wat]s2 if he %\ld fall1 ! torr5t w sweep y d[n to ! sea--its :ite break]s are pla9ly visible z !y run along ! %ore at sc>cely a mile's di/ance1 & !y lap ! bea* z if !y wait$ = _! prey4 ,happily1 !y w be disappo9t$4 ,swimm+ w\ld be ( no use1 b an ,icel&ic wat]-horse seldom makes a blund] or a false /ep4 ,n ! lea/ ( ! risks we ran 9 cross+ ! ,skeid>a 0 f ! masses ( ice c>ri$ d[n by ! /ream f ! ,jkul1 _m ( !m be+ l>ge en\gh to knock a horse ov]4 8,=tunately we f\nd mu* less ice 9 ! c5tre & swifte/ "p ( ! riv]1 :]e we :]e able to see & avoid x1 ?an 9 ! side *annels4 ,h[ ! horses 7 able to /& aga9/ su* a /ream 0 m>vell\s2 !y c\ld n d s unless !y 7 con/antly 9 ! habit ( cross+ swift riv]s4 ,! ,icel&]s :o live 9 ?is "p ( ! isl& keep horses kn[n = _! qualities 9 =d+ difficult riv]s1 & !y nev] v5ture to cross a dang]\s /ream unless m\nt$ on a tri$ wat]-horse4 ,! action ( ! ,icel&ic horses :5 cross+ a swift riv] is v peculi>4 ,!y lean all _! weight aga9/ ! /ream1 s z to resi/ x z mu* z possible1 & move onw>d ) a peculi> side-/ep4 ,?is motion is n agreeable4 ,x feels z if y\r horse 7 m>k+ "t )\t ga9+ gr\nd1 & ! progress made be+ really v sl[1 ! %ore f :i* y />t$ seems to rec$e f y1 :il/ t = :i* y are mak+ appe>s z f> z ev]4 8,:5 we rea*$ ! middle ( ! /ream1 ! ro> ( ! wat]s 0 s great t we c\ld sc>cely make our voices audible to "o ano!r2 !y 7 ov]p[]$ by ! crun*+ s\nd ( ! ice1 & ! bump+ ( l>ge /ones aga9/ ! bottom4 ,up to ?is po9t a diagonal l9e1 r d[n /ream1 _h be5 cauti\sly foll[$2 b :5 we came to ! middle1 we turn$ our horses' heads a little aga9/ ! /ream4 ,z we ?us alt]$ our c\rse1 ! long l9e ( baggage-horses appe>$ to be swung r\nd altoge!r1 z if swept (f _! legs4 ,none ( !m1 h[ev]1 broke away1 & !y cont9u$ _! advance )\t accid5t1 & at l5g? we all rea*$ ! %ore 9 safety40 ,illu/ration3 #fa4 ,,icel&ic ,,bog4 ,aft] a day's j\rney 9 ,icel&1 re/1 z may well be suppos$1 is highly acceptable4 ,in/ead ( pass+ ! night 9 ! peasant's hut1 ! travell]1 :5 no *ur* is at h&1 g5]ally pref]s pit*+ 8 t5t ne> a runn+ /ream on a grassy pla92 b sometimes1 9 consequ5ce ( ! great di/ance f "o habitable place to ano!r1 he is oblig$ to encamp 9 ! mid/ ( a bog :]e ! poor horses f9d ei!r bad h]bs1 sc>cely fit to satisfy _! hung]1 or no food at all4 ,aft] !y h be5 unload$1 _! =e legs are b\nd toge!r above _! ho(s1 s z to prev5t !m /ray+ too f>1 :ile _! ma/]s arrange !mselves 9 ! t5t z com=tably z !y c4 ,illu/ration3 #fb4 ,,coa/ ,,( ,,icel&4 ,,*apt] ,,viii4 ,,! ,,we/man ,,isl&s4 ,! ,we/mans4--,_! extreme ,difficulty ( ,access4--,h[ !y became peopl$4--,heimaey4--,kauf/a?ir & ,(anleyte4-- ,%eep-hoi/+4--,egg-ga!r+4--,dreadful ,mortality among ! ,*ildr54--,! ,g9kl(i4--,g5tleman ,john4--,! ,alg]9e ,pirates4--,dreadful ,suff]+s ( ! ,isl&]s4 ,ris+ abruptly f ! sea to a height ( #iaf feet1 ! small ,we/man ,isl&s are no less picturesque ?an difficult ( access4 ,_m a travell] :ile sail+ along ! s\? coa/ ( ,icel& has admir$ _! t[]+ rock-walls1 b no mod]n t\ri/ has ev] l&$ !re4 ,= s /ormy a sea rolls betwe5 !m & ! ma9l&1 & s viol5t are ! curr5ts1 :i* ! slighte/ w9d br+s =? 9 ! n>r[ *annels ( ! ar*ipelago1 t a l&+ c be effect$ only :5 ! wea!r is p]fectly calm4 ,! ,drif&a foss1 a cascade on ! opposite ma9l&1 ru%+ f ! br[ ( ! ,eyafyalla range 9 a column ( "s #hjj or #ijj feet 9 height1 is a sort ( b>omet]1 :i* decides :e!r a boat c put (f ) a prospect ( ga9+ ! ,we/mans4 ,9 /ormy wea!r ! w9d eddy+ among ! cliffs conv]ts ! fall1 ?\gh consid]able1 into a cl\d ( spray1 :i* is dissipat$ 9 ! atmosph]e1 s t no cascade is visible f ! bea*4 ,9 calm wea!r ! column is intact1 & if x rema9s s two days 9 succession1 !n ! sea is usually calm en\gh to all[ boats to l&1 & !y v5ture out4 ,z ! ,icel&]s1 ?r\gh /ormy wea!r1 are frequ5tly cut (f f ,europe1 s ! inhabitants ( ! ,we/mans are /ill m frequ5tly cut (f f ,icel&1 & x is seldom m ?an once a ye> t ! mails are l&$ direct4 ,! few lett]s f ,d5m>k 7= ! correspond5ce is 9 all probability n v active7 are l&$ 9 ,icel& at ,reykjavik1 & !nce =w>d$ to ! isl&s by boat1 z *ance may (f]1 =1 dur+ ! :ole w9t] & ! great] "p ( ! summ]1 communication is impossible4 ,x w n[ be und]/ood :y t\ri/s are s little incl9$ to visit ! ,we/mans1 despite ! magnific5ce ( _! coa/ sc5]y1 = :o has ! pati5ce to t>ry 9 a mis]able hut on ! opposite ma9l& till ! cascade in=ms him t !y are accessible1 or is incl9$ to run ! risk ( be+ deta9$ by a sudd5 *ange ( ! wea!r = weeks or ev5 mon?s on ^! solit>y rocks8 ,mr4 ,ross ,br[ne ?us describes ! g5]al aspect ( ! coa/ ( ,icel&3 8,no?+ c\ld surpass ! desolate gr&eur ( ! coa/ z we approa*$ ! po9t ( ,reykjaness4 ,x 0 ( an almo/ inf]nal blackness4 ,! :ole c\ntry seem$ uptorn1 rift$1 %att]$1 & scatt]$ ab\t 9 a va/ *aos ( ru94 ,huge cliffs ( lava split d[n to _! bases toppl$ ov] ! surf4 ,rocks ( e conceivable %ape1 scor*$ & bla/$ ) fire1 wre/$ f ! ma9 & hurl$ into ! sea1 battl$ ) ! waves1 _! black scraggy po9ts pi]c+ ! mi/ l giant h&s up?r[n to smite or s9k 9 a fi]ce dea?-/ruggle4 ,! wild havoc wr\ght 9 ! conflict ( elem5ts 0 appall+4 ,birds scream$ ov] ! fe>ful wreck ( matt]4 ,! surf f ! inroll+ waves broke aga9/ ! *>r$ & %att]$ des]t ( ru9 ) a t]rific ro>4 ,columns ( spray %ot up ov] ! black5$ fragm5ts ( lava1 :ile 9 e op5+ ! la%$ wat]s1 discolor$ by ! collision1 see!d & surg$ z 9 a huge caldron40 ,illu/ration3 #fc4 ,,we/man ,,isles4 ,( ! ,we/man ,isl&s1 he says3 8,t[>ds noon we made ! ,we/man ,isles1 a small rocky gr\p "s t5 miles di/ant f ! ma9 isl&4 ,a fi%+ & trad+ e/abli%m5t1 own$ by a company ( ,danes1 is locat$ on "o ( ^! isl&s4 ,! ,arcturus t\*es twice a ye> to deliv] & receive a mail4 ,on ! occasion ( our visit1 a boat came out ) a h>dy-look+ crew ( ,danes to receive ! mail-bag4 ,x 0 d\btless a matt] ( great rejoic+ to !m to obta9 news f home4 ,i _h b>ely "t to make a r\gh outl9e ( ! isl&s z we lay (f ! settlem5t4 ,! *ief int]e/ atta*$ to ! ,we/man gr\p is1 t x is suppos$ to h be5 visit$ by ,columbus 9 #adgg1 fifte5 ye>s prior to 8 voyage ( discov]y to ! %ores ( ,am]ica40 ,! puff91 or ! scree*+ sea-mew1 seem ! only inhabitants = :i* nature has fitt$ ! ,we/mans1 & yet !y h a hi/ory :i* leads u back to ! times :5 ,icel& itself fir/ became kn[n to man4 ,ab\t #hge1 a few ye>s aft] ,+olfr foll[$ 8 h\sehold gods to ,reykjavik1 a ,norwegian pirate1 p]*ance "o ( ! associates ( t hi/orical p]sonage1 l&$ on ! coa/ ( ,irel&1 attack$ ) fire & sword ! def5seless population1 captur$ =ty or fifty p]sons1 m51 wom51 & *ildr51 & c>ri$ !m (f z slaves4 ,! passage mu/ h be5 any ?+ b pleasant1 = x gave ! ,hib]nians su* a =eta/e ( ! wret*$ness t await$ !m 9 ,icel&1 _! future abode1 t1 tak+ c\rage f despair1 !y rose on _! captors1 ?rew !m ov]bo>d1 & w5t a%ore on ! fir/ l& !y met )4 ,a day ( r>e s]5ity mu/ h witness$ _! arrival on ! ,we/mans1 a spot :i* ( all o!rs seem$ mo/ unlikely to become _! home4 ,:y !y rema9$ !re1 is a secret ( ! pa/2 mo/ likely !y _h no o!r alt]native1 & fre$om on a rock 01 at all ev5ts1 bett] ?an slav]y "u a cruel vik+4 ,?us ^! wea!r-beat5 islets 7 fir/ peopl$ by m5 f ! we/1 :5ce !y d]ive _! "n1 & x is suppos$ t ! pres5t inhabitants are ! desc5dants ( ^? *ildr5 ( ,er94 ,no "o w be incl9$ to envy !m ! h]itage bequea!d to !m by _! fa!rs4 ,! ,we/mans are f\rte5 9 numb]2 b ( ^! only "o1 call$ ,heimaey1 or ,home ,isl&1 is inhabit$4 ,x is fifte5 miles f ! coa/ ( ,icel&1 & =ty-five f ,hecla4 ,?\gh l>g] ?an all ! o!rs put toge!r1 its entire surface is n m ?an t5 squ>e miles4 ,x is almo/ surr\nd$ ) high basaltic cliffs1 & an o!rwise iron-b\nd %ore2 its int]ior is cov]$ ) black a%y-look+ cones1 be>+ und\bt$ evid5ce ( volcanic action2 9 fact1 ! h>bor1 :i* lies on its nor?-ea/ side1 & is only accessible to small craft1 is =m$ out ( an old crat]1 into :i* ! sea has worn an entrance4 ,! inhabitants are locat$ 9 two villages2 ,kauf/a?ir1 on a little grassy knoll ne> ! l&+-place1 & ,(anleyte1 on ! grassy plat=m ( ! isl&4 ,only ?ree ( ! o!r islets produce any vegetation or pa/urage1 & x is said t on "o ( ^! ! %eep are hoi/$ ) a rope out ( ! boats by an isl&]1 :o1 at ! risk ( 8 neck1 has climb$ to ! top ( ! precipit\s rock4 ,! o!rs are m]e nak$ cliffs or basaltic pill>s1 ! abode ( innum]able sea-birds1 :i*1 :5 accessible1 are a preci\s res\rce to ! isl&]s4 ,=1 z may well be suppos$1 ! scanty grass l&s af=d n\ri%m5t b to a few c[s & %eep2 & z ! unruly wat]s too (t5 prev5t _! fi%+-boats f putt+ to sea1 !y dep5d 9 a great measure = _! subsi/5ce ^u ! sea-birds1 9 ^: capture !y exhibit wond]ful c\rage & skill4 ,9 ! egg-season !y g to ! top ( ! cliff1 &1 putt+ a rope r\nd a man's wai/1 let him d[n ! side ( ! p]p5dicul> rock1 "o1 two1 or ?ree hundr$ feet2 on arriv+ at ! long1 n>r[1 horizontal %elves1 he proce$s to fill a l>ge bag ) ! brittle treasures deposit$ by ! birds4 ,:5 8 bag is full1 he & 8 eggs are drawn to ! top by 8 companions4 ,if ! rope breaks1 or is cut (f by ! %>p corn]s ( ! rock1 :i*1 h[ev]1 happ5s b seldom1 no?+ c save ! luckless f[l]1 :o is ei!r precipitat$ into ! sea1 or da%$ to pieces on ! rocks bel[4 ,illu/ration3 #fd4 ,,home ,,( ,,sea-,,birds4 ,at a lat] p]iod 9 ! season !y g & get ! "y birds1 & !n !y h (t5 desp]ate battles ) ! old ones1 :o w n give up fight+ = _! (fspr+ till _! necks are brok51 or _! bra9s knock$ out ) a club4 ,:]e ! cliffs are n accessible f ! top1 !y g r\nd ! bottom 9 boats1 & %[ a wond]ful agility & d>+ 9 scal+ ! mo/ t]rible precipices4 ,9 summ] !y get ! eggs & ! fre% meat ( ! "y birds1 :i* !y also salt = ! w9t]4 ,! fea!rs =m _! *ief article ( export1 besides dri$ & salt$ codfi%1 & ) ^! !y procure _! few necess>ies & luxuries1 consi/+ pr9cipally ( clo?+1 tobacco & snuff1 spirits1 fi%-hooks & l9es1 & salt4 ,z !re is no peat on ^! isl&s1 nor dri$ fi%-bones 9 suffici5t quantity1 !y also make use ( ! t\gh old sea-birds z fuel4 ,= ?is purpose !y split !m op51 & dry !m on ! rocks4 ,! ,we/mans =m a sep>ate ,syssel1 or c\nty1 & !y h a *ur*1 & usually two cl]gym54 ,_! *ur* 0 rebuilt ( /one1 at ! exp5se ( ! ,dani% ,gov]nm5t1 9 #aggd1 & is said to be "o ( ! be/ 9 ,icel&4 ,un=tunately ! two cl]gym5 to :om ! spiritual c>e ( ! isl&]s is confid$ seem to h b a v indiff]5t flock1 = _! neighbors on ! ma9l& give r a bad "* to ! inhabitants ( ,heimaey1 describ+ !m z great slugg>ds & drunk>ds4 ,! population1 :i* 0 =m]ly m consid]able1 am\nts to ab\t #bjj s\ls1 b ev5 ?is is m ?an might be expect$ f ! dreadful mortality :i* reigns among ! *ildr54 ,! eggs & ! oily fle% ( sea-birds furni% a mis]able food = infants1 p>ticul>ly :5 wean$1 z is "h cu/om>y1 at a v e>ly age2 b ! poor isl&]s h no?+ else to give !m1 except "s fi%1 & a v insuffici5t quantity ( c['s or %eep's milk4 ,?is unheal?y diet1 along ) ! boi/]\s air1 gives rise to an incurable infantile disease1 call$ ,g9kl(i 7tetanus74 ,its fir/ symptoms are squ9t+ & roll+ ( ! eyes1 ! muscles ( ! back are seiz$ ) incipi5t cramps & become /iff4 ,aft] a day or two lock-jaw takes place1 ! back is b5t l a b[1 ei!r backw>d or =w>d4 ,! lock-jaw prev5ts swall[+1 & ! cramps become m frequ5t & prolong$ until dea? closes ! sc5e4 ,! same disease is said to decimate ! *ildr5 on ,/4 ,kilda 9 consequ5ce ( a simil> mode ( life4 ,! only means ( pres]v+ ! infants ( ,heimaey f ! ,g9kl(i1 is to s5d !m z soon z possible to ! ma9l& to be re>$1 & ?us a long cont9uance ( bad wea!r is a dea?-w>rant to _m4 ,:o w\ld suppose t ! ,we/man ,isl&]s1 d\bly gu>d$ by _! pov]ty & almo/ inaccessible cliffs1 c\ld ev] h become ! prey ( freeboot]s8 & yet !y h be5 twice attack$ & pillag$1 & well-nigh ext]m9at$ by sea-rov]s4 ,i h already m5tion$1 9 a previ\s *apt]1 t be=e ! discov]y ( ! banks ( ,newf\ndl&1 ! ,engli% cod-fi%]s us$ to resort 9 great numb]s to ! coa/s ( ,icel&1 :]e "s ( !m--n[ & !n--appe>$ also 9 ! m que/ionable "* ( corsairs4 ,"o ( ^! wor?ies1 :o1 l ,paul ,clif=d1 or ,capta9 ,ma*ea?1 s effectually unit$ ! suavit] 9 modo ) ! =tit] 9 re1 z to h m]it$ ! "n ( 8,g5tleman ,john10 came to ! ,we/mans 9 #afad & set ! *ur* on fire1 aft] hav+ previ\sly remov$ ! little t 0 wor? tak+4 ,aft] ?is exploit he return$ to ,great ,brita91 b ,k+ ,james ,i4 _h him hung1 & ord]$ ! *ur* ornam5ts :i* he _h robb$ to be re/or$ to ! poor isl&]s4 ,x 01 h[ev]1 writt5 9 ! book ( fate t !y 7 n to enjoy !m long1 = 9 #afbg1 a vessel ( ,alg]9e pirates1 aft] plund]+ sev]al places on ! ea/]n & s\!rn coa/s ( ,icel&1 fell l a ?und]bolt on ,heimaey4 ,^! miscreants1 comp>$ ) :om ,john 0 a 8g5tleman0 inde$1 cut d[n e man :o v5tur$ to oppose !m1 plund]$ & burnt ! new-built *ur*1 & e hovel ( ! place1 & c>ri$ away ab\t #djj prison]s--m51 wom51 & *ildr54 ,"o ( ! two cl]gym5 ( ! isl&1 ,jon ,tor/e9son1 0 murd]$ at ! "t4 ,?is le>n$ & pi\s man _h translat$ ! ,psalms ( ,david & ! ,book ( ,g5esis into ,icel&ic v]se1 & is spok5 ( z ! 8m>tyr0 9 ! hi/ory ( ! l&4 ,! o!r cl]gyman1 ,olaf ,egilson1 ) 8 wife & *ildr51 & ! re/ ( ! prison]s1 0 sold into slav]y 9 ,algi]s4 ,! acc\nt ( 8 suff]+s & privations1 :i* he wrote 9 ! ,icel&ic language1 0 aft]w>ds translat$ & publi%$ 9 ,dani%4 ,x 0 n until #afcf1 n9e ye>s aft] _! capture1 t ! un=tunate ,heimaey]s 7 releas$1 & !n only by be+ ransom$ by ! ,k+ ( ,d5m>k4 ,su* 0 ! mis]y !y _h endur$ f _! b>b>\s taskma/]s1 t only ?irty-sev5 ( ! :ole numb] surviv$1 & ( ^! b ?irte5 liv$ to return to _! native isl&4 ,illu/ration3 #fe4 ,,fi%+ ,,9 ,,norway4 ,,*apt] ,,ix4 ,,f ,,dron!im ,,to ,,! ,,nor? ,,cape4 ,mild ,climate ( ! ,norwegian ,coa/4--,its ,causes4--,! ,norwegian ,peasant4--,norwegian ,con/itution4--,romantic coa/ ,sc5]y4-- ,dron!im4--,greiff5feld ,holme & ,vre4--,! ,sea-eagle4--,! ,h]r+-fi%]ies4--,! ,l(ot5 ,isl&s4--,! ,cod-fi%]ies4-- ,wret*$ ,condition ( ! ,fi%]m54--,troms--,alt5fiord4--,! ,copp] ,m9es4--,hamm]fe/ ! mo/ nor!rn ,t[n 9 ! ,_w4-- ,! ,nor? ,cape4 ,( all ! l&s situat$ ei!r )9 or ne> ! ,arctic ,circle none enjoys a m temp]ate climate ?an ! ,norwegian coa/4 ,"h1 & n[h]e else ?r\gh\t ! nor!rn _w1 ! bir* & ! fir-tree climb ! m\nta9-slopes to a height ( #gjj or #hjj feet above ! level ( ! sea1 z f> z ! #gj? degree ( latitude2 "h we /ill f9d a fl\ri%+ agriculture 9 ! int]ior ( ! ,malang] ,fjord 9 #fi4 ,on ! opposite side ( ! ,pol> ,ocean ext5ds ! inaccessible ice belt ( ,ea/ ,gre5l&2 ,spitzb]g5 & ,nova ,zembla are n #djj miles di/ant f ,talvig & ,hamm]fe/1 & yet ^! ports are nev] block$ ) ice1 & ev5 9 ! dep? ( w9t] rema9 con/antly op5 to navigation4 ,:at are ! causes :i* 9 ?is favor$ region bani% ! usual rigors ( ! ,arctic zone8 ,h[ comes x t ! w9t] ev5 at ! ,nor? ,cape 7mean temp]ature #bb7 is mu* less sev]e ?an at ,quebec 7mean temp]ature #ad71 :i* is situat$ #be ( latitude ne>] to ! equator8 ,! high m\nta9 *a9s :i* sep>ate ,norway f ,sw$5 & ,f9l&1 & keep (f ! ea/]n gales issu+ f ! ,sib]ian wa/es1 :ile its coa/s lie op5 to ! mild s\?-we/]ly w9ds ( ! ,atlantic1 no d\bt acc\nt 9 "s measure = ! comp>ative mildness ( its climate2 b ! ma9 cause ( ?is ph5om5on mu/ no d\bt be s\ght = 9 ! sea4 ,fl[+ into ! ,atlantic ,ocean betwe5 ,florida & ,cuba1 ! w>m ,gulf ,/ream trav]ses ! sea f we/ to ea/1 & al?\gh ab\t ! middle ( its c\rse x p>tly turns to ! s\?1 yet a consid]able portion ( its wat]s fl[s onw>d to ! nor?-ea/1 & /ream+ ?r\gh ! wide portal betwe5 ,icel& & ,great ,brita91 ev5tually rea*es ! coa/s ( ,norway4 ,( c\rse its w>m? dim9i%es z x advances to ! nor?1 b ?is is imp>t$ to ! w9ds t sweep ov] x1 & ?us x n m]ely br+s ! se$s ( tropical plants f ,equatorial ,am]ica to ! coa/s ( ,norway1 b also ! f> m important advantages ( a mild] temp]ature4 ,! soil ( ,norway is g5]ally rocky & /]ile1 b ! sea amply makes up = ! defici5cies ( ! l&1 & ) ! produce ( _! fi%]ies1 ( _! =e/s1 & _! m9es1 ! inhabitants are able to pur*ase ! few =eign articles :i* !y require4 ,?\gh poor1 & n seldom oblig$ to reap ! gifts ( nature amid/ a ?\s& h>d%ips & dang]s1 !y envy no o!r nation ^u e>?4 ,! ,norwegian peasant is a free man on ! scanty bit ( gr\nd :i* he has inh]it$ f 8 fa!rs1 & he has all ! virtues ( a freeman--an op5 "*1 a m9d cle> ( e falsehood1 a hospitable he>t = ! /rang]4 ,8 religi\s feel+s are deep & s9c]e1 & ! ,bible is to be f\nd 9 e hut4 ,he is said to be indol5t & phlegmatic1 b :5 necessity urges he sets vigor\sly to "w1 & nev] ceases till 8 task is done4 ,8 c\rage & 8 patriotism are abundantly prov$ by a hi/ory ( a ?\s& ye>s4 ,norway owes h] pres5t prosp]ity *iefly to h] lib]al con/itution4 ,! press is completely free1 & ! p[] ( ! k+ extremely limit$4 ,all privileges & h]$it>y titles are aboli%$4 ,! ,p>liam5t1 or ! 8,/or?+10 :i* assembles e ?ree ye>s1 consi/s ( ! 8,odel?+10 or ,upp] ,h\se1 & ( ! 8,log?+10 or ,legislative ,assembly4 ,e new law requires ! royal sanction2 b if ! ,/or?+ has vot$ x 9 ?ree successive sitt+s1 x is def9itively adopt$ 9 spite ( ! royal veto4 ,public education is admirably c>$ =4 ,!re is an elem5t>y s*ool 9 e village1 & :]e ! population is too ?9ly scatt]$1 ! s*oolma/] may truly be said to be abroad1 z he w&]s f f>m to f>m1 s t ! mo/ di/ant families h ! b5efit ( 8 in/ruction4 ,e t[n has its public libr>y1 & 9 _m di/ricts ! peasants annually contribute a doll> t[>ds a collection ( books1 :i*1 "u ! c>e ( ! prie/1 is l5t out to all subscrib]s4 ,no ,norwegian is confirm$ :o does n "k h[ to read1 & no ,norwegian is all[$ to m>ry :o has n be5 confirm$4 ,he :o atta9s 8 tw5tie? ye> )\t hav+ be5 confirm$ has to fe> ! ,h\se ( ,correction4 ,?us ignorance is puni%$ z a crime 9 ,norway1 an excell5t example = f> ri*] & m p[]ful nations4 ,! population ( ,norway am\nts to ab\t #a1cej1jjj1 b ^! are v unequally di/ribut$2 = :ile ! s\!rn prov9ce ( ,agg]huus has #eac1jjj inhabitants on a surface ( #ce1bjj squ>e miles1 ,nordl& has only #ei1jjj on #af1cbe1 & ,f9m>k1 ! mo/ nor!rn prov9ce ( ! l&1 b #ch1jjj on #bi1ibe1 or h>dly m ?an "o inhabitant to e squ>e mile4 ,b ev5 ?is scanty population is imm5se :5 comp>$ ) t ( ,ea/]n ,sib]ia or ( ! ,hudson's ,bay t]ritories1 & entirely owes its exi/5ce to ! mildness ( ! climate & ! op5 sea1 :i* at all seasons af=ds its produce to ! fi%]man4 ,illu/ration3 #ff4 ,,norwegian ,,f>m4 ,x is difficult to imag9e a m seclud$1 solit>y life ?an t ( ! 8bond]s10 or peasant proprietors1 along ! nor!rn coa/s ( ,norway4 ,! f>ms1 conf9$ to ! small pat*es ( m fruitful gr\nd scatt]$ along ! fjords1 at ! foot or on ! sides ( ! nak$ m\nta9s1 are frequ5tly _m miles di/ant f _! neighbors1 & ! /ormy w9t] cuts (f all communication betwe5 !m4 ,?us e family1 r$uc$ to its own res\rces1 =ms z x 7 a small commonweal?1 :i* has b little to d ) ! ext]nal _w1 & is oblig$ to rely = its happ9ess on int]nal h>mony1 & a mod]ate compet5cy4 ,/rang]s seldom invade _! solitude1 = !y are f> f ! ord9>y tracks ( ! t\ri/1 & yet a j\rney f ,dron!im to ,hamm]fe/ & ! ,nor? ,cape af=ds _m objects ( int]e/ well wor?y ( a visit4 ,! only mode ( communication is by sea1 = ! l& is ev]y:]e int]sect$ by deep fjords1 b\nd$ by "o cont9u\s *a9 ( precipit\s cliffs & rocks1 v>y+ f "o ?\s& to f\r ?\s& feet 9 height4 ,=m]ly1 ev5 ! sea-voyage 0 att5d$ ) consid]able difficulties1 = ! mis]able 8yoegt10 or ,sc&9avian sloop1 ! only means ( conveyance at ! disposal ( ! travell]1 requir$ at ! be/ ( times at lea/ a mon? to p]=m ! voyage f ,dron!im to ,hamm]fe/1 & 9 case ( /ormy wea!r1 or contr>y w9d1 _h (t5 to wait = weeks 9 "s int]m$iate port4 ,n[1 h[ev]1 a /eam] leaves ! port ( ,dron!im e week1 & conveys ! travell] 9 five or six days to ! remote nor!rn t]m9us ( 8 j\rney4 ,illu/ration3 #fg4 ,,/eam+ ,,along ,,! ,,coa/4 ,innum]able isles ( e size1 f a few y>ds 9 diamet] to z _m miles1 /ud ! l9e ( coa/1 & betwe5 ^! & ! ma9l& ! /eam] pl\ghs its way4 ,sometimes ! *annel is z n>r[ z ! b$ ( a riv]1 at o!rs x exp&s into a mighty lake1 & ! ev]-v>y+ =ms ( ! isles1 ( ! fjords1 & ( ! m\nta9s1 con/antly op5 new & magnific5t prospects to ! view4 ,"o gr& colossal picture foll[s ^u ano!r1 b un=tunately few or none %[ ! pres5ce ( man4 ,f "t to "t only "s fi%+-boat makes its appe>ance on ! sea1 or "s wood5 f>m-h\se rises on ! solit>y bea*4 ,on advanc+ f>!r to ! nor?1 ! aspect ( nature becomes m & m /]n1 vegetation dim9i%es1 man is m r>ely se51 & ! travell] feels z if he 7 on ! po9t ( ent]+ ! gloomy regions ( p]petual dea?4 ,) ! sole exception ( ,ar*angel1 ,dron!im is ! mo/ popul\s & important t[n situat$ 9 s high a latitude z #fc #bd4 ,al?\gh ! cradle ( anci5t ,sc&9avian hi/ory1 & ! resid5ce ( a long l9e ( k+s1 x looks z if x _h be5 built b ye/]day1 z its wood5 h\ses h frequ5tly be5 de/roy$ by fire4 ,! *oir ( its magnific5t ca!dral1 built 9 ! elev5? c5tury1 & once ! resort ( innum]able pilgrims :o came flock+ to ! %r9e ( ,/4 ,olave f all ,sc&9avia1 is ! only rema9+ memorial ( ! old ,tronyem ( ! ,norse annali/s & scalds4 ,! mod]n t[n has a mo/ pleas+ & agreeable appe>ance1 & ! lively colors ) :i* ! h\ses are pa9t$ h>monize ) ! prosp]ity ( its inhabitants1 :i* is due 9 a great measure to its ?riv+ fi%]ies1 & to ! ri* iron & copp] m9es 9 its neighborhood4 ,! tall *imneys ( _m smelt+-huts1 iron f\ndries1 & o!r manufactories1 be> evid5ce t mod]n indu/ry has f\nd its way to ! anci5t capital ( ,norway4 ,9 po9t ( picturesque beauty1 ! bay1 on a p59sula ( :i* ! t[n is situat$1 does n yield to t ( ,naples4 ,up & d[n1 9 e direction1 appe> ! villas ( ! m]*ant1 & %ips ( all burd5 rid+ at an*or 9 ! bay1 & boats pass+ & repass+4 ,9 a small isl& ( ! bay1 front+ ! t[n1 is ! celebrat$ ca/le ( ,munkholm1 :]e 9 =m] times _m a prison] ( /ate has bewail$ ! loss ( 8 lib]ty4 ,"h1 among o!rs1 ,greiff5feld1 :o _h ris5 f obscurity to ! rank ( an all-p[]ful m9i/]1 0 inc>c]at$ = eighte5 ye>s 7#afhj-ih74 ,illu/ration3 #fh4 ,,! ,,puff94 ,at ,hildr+51 :]e ! potato is /ill cultivat$ ) success1 & b>ley rip5s e f\r or five ye>s1 beg9s ! prov9ce ( ,nordl&1 :i* ext5ds f #fe to #fi #cj ,n4 lat4 ,! mo/ly un9habit$ isles along ! coa/ are call$ 8,holme10 :5 ris+ l /eep rocks out ( ! wat]1 & 8,vre0 :5 flat & b little elevat$ above ! level ( ! sea4 ,! latt] are ! bre$+-places ( numb]less sea-f[ls1 ^: eggs yield a welcome h>ve/ to ! inhabitants ( ! neighbor+ ma9l& or ( ! l>g] isl&s4 ,a well-/ock$ egg-vr is a valuable addition to a f>m1 & desc5ds f fa!r to son1 along ) ! pa/ure-gr\nds & ! h]ds ( ! pat]nal l&4 ,:5 ! proprietor comes to plund] ! ne/s1 ! birds rema9 quiet1 = !y "k by exp]i5ce t only ! sup]flu\s eggs are to be remov$4 ,b n unfrequ5tly /rang]s l&1 & leave n a s+le egg beh9d4 ,!n all ! birds1 sev]al ?\s&s at once1 rise f _! ne/s & fill ! air ) _! doleful cries4 ,if su* disa/]s occur repeat$ly !y lose c\rage1 &1 ab&on+ ! sc5e ( _! mis=tunes1 retire to ano!r vr4 ,mo/ ( ^! birds are sea-gulls 7,maasfugl1 or ,maage71 _! eggs are l>ge1 & ( a n disagreeable ta/e4 ,! isl& ( ,lovunn5 is ! favorite bre$+-place ( ! puff91 :i* is highly e/eem$ on acc\nt ( its fea!rs4 ,?is silly bird is v easily caught4 ,! f[l] lets d[n an iron hook1 or s5ds a dog tra9$ on purpose into ! n>r[ clefts or holes ( ! rock1 :]e ! puff9s sit cr[d$ toge!r4 ,! fir/ bird be+ pull$ out1 ! next "o bites & lays hold ( 8 tail1 & ?us 9 succession1 till ! :ole family1 cl++ toge!r l a *a91 is dragg$ to light4 ,?is rocky coa/ is also mu* frequ5t$ by ! sea-eagle1 :o is v mu* fe>$ ov] ! :ole prov9ce1 z he n only c>ries away lambs & o!r small animals1 b ev5 assails & n seldom ov]p[]s ! ,norwegian ox54 ,8 mode ( attack is s s+ul> t if ,von ,bu* _h n he>d x s positively & s circum/antially relat$ 9 v>i\s places1 situat$ at great di/ances f ea* o!r1 he w\ld will+ly h d\bt$ its tru?4 ,! eagle d>ts d[n into ! waves1 & !n rolls ab\t ) 8 wet plumage on ! bea* until 8 w+s are q cov]$ ) s&4 ,!n he once m rises into ! air & hov]s ov] 8 int5d$ victim4 ,swoop+ d[n close to him1 he claps 8 w+s1 fl+s ! s& into ! eyes ( ! un=tunate brute1 & ?or\ghly sc>es x by repeat$ bl[s ( 8 p9ions4 ,! bl9d$ ox ru%es away to avoid ! eagle's attacks1 until he is completely exhau/$ or tumbles d[n "s precipit\s cliff4 ,! sea-coa/ f ,al/5 to ,rodo1 :i* is cross$ by ! ,arctic ,circle1 is p>ticul>ly ri* 9 h]r+s1 z x furni%es m ?an "o-half ( ! fi% export$ to ,b]g54 ,9 respect ( ! capital inve/$1 ! cod-fi%]y mu/ be reg>d$ z ! mo/ important ( ! ,norwegian deep-sea fi%]ies1 b 9 ! numb] ( h&s employ$1 ! h]r+-fi%]y takes prec$5ce4 ,! numb] ( m5 actually engag$ 9 ! latt] is n less ?an #fj1jjj1 & consid]ably m ?an d\ble t numb] are directly or indirectly int]e/$ 9 ! result ( _! op]ations4 ,! h]r+s tak5 9 #ahff fill$ #gej1jjj b>rels1 ea* weigh+ #bbd lbs41 ! l>ge/ cat* ev] tak5 on ! ,norwegian coa/1 at lea/ 9 rec5t ye>s4 ,z ! movem5ts ( ! fi% are extremely erratic1 l>ge %oals be+ f\nd "o ye> 9 a "p ( ! coa/ :]e none w be se5 ! ye> foll[+1 ! fi%]m5 are =c$ to move f place to place1 & =m]ly ! h]r+s frequ5tly escap$ altoge!r = want ( h&s to capture !m4 ,n[ ?is difficulty is 9 a great measure remov$4 ,telegraph /ations are erect$ at diff]5t places on ! coa/1 f :i* ! movem5ts ( ! %oals are c>efully wat*$2 & field telegraphs are kept 9 read9ess to be jo9$ on to ! ma9 l9e1 s z to summon ! fi%]m5 f e "p ( ! c\ntry on ! fir/ appe>ance ( ! fi% at any new po9t4 ,! be/ "t = ! h]r+-fi%]y is f ,janu>y to ,m>*1 & 9 #ahff1 #bjj1jjj b>rels1 or m ?an "o-f\r? ( ! total cat*1 7 caught betwe5 ,febru>y #aa? & #ad?4 ,at ! nor!rn extremity ( ! prov9ce ( ,nordl&1 betwe5 #fh & #fi ,n4 lat41 are situat$ ! ,l(ot5 ,isl&s1 or ,ve/]aal5 ,o]ne1 :i* are sep>at$ f ! ma9l& by ! ,ve/fjord4 ,?is broad arm ( ! sea is rem>kable bo? = its viol5t curr5ts & :irlpools1 among :i* ! ,mael/rom has atta9$ a _w-wide celebrity1 & also f its be+ ! mo/ nor!rly limit :]e ! oy/] has be5 f\nd4 ,b x is *iefly z ! resort ( ! cod t ! ,ve/fjord is ( ! highe/ importance1 n only to ,nordl&1 b to ! :ole ( ,norway4 ,no less ?an #fjjj boats f all p>ts ( ! coa/1 mann$ probably by m ?an half ( ! :ole adult male population ( ,nordl&1 annually assemble at ,vaage1 on ! isl& ( ,o/ ,vaagoe1 & besides ^!1 m ?an #cjj yoegts1 or l>g] fi%+-sloops1 f ,b]g51 ,*ri/ians&1 & ,molde1 appe> ^u ! sc5e4 ,! banks ( ,newf\ndl& h>dly occupy m h&s ?an ! fi%+-gr\nds ( ! ,ve/fjord1 :i*1 aft] ! lapse ( a ?\s& ye>s1 cont9ue z prolific z ev]2#g nor is !re an in/ance kn[n ( its hav+ ev] disappo9t$ ! fi%]man's hopes4 ,9 ,h>old ,ha>fagr's times1 ,vaage 0 already r5[n$ = its fi%]ies1 & sev]al y>ls _h settl$ 9 ?is nor!rn di/rict1 to reap ! ri* h>ve/ ( ! seas4 ,at a lat] p]iod1 "u ! reign ( ,sa9t ,olave 7#ajbj71 ! annual ,p>liam5t ( ,nordl& 0 held at ,vaage1 &1 9 #aabj1 ! b5evol5t ,k+ ,ey/e91 bro!r ( ,sigurd ! ,crusad]1 caus$ a *ur* to be erect$ "h 9 honor ( 8 sa9tly pr$ecessor1 along ) a numb] ( huts1 to s]ve z a %elt] to ! poor fi%]m51 a de$ :i* he himself priz$ m highly ?an all 8 *ivalr\s bro!r's w>like exploits 9 ! ,ea/1 = 8^! m510 said he1 8w /ill rememb] 9 di/ant times t a ,k+ ,ey/e9 once liv$ 9 ,norway40 ,! reason :y ! fi% nev] cease visit+ ?is "p ( ! coa/ is t ! ,l(ot5 ,isles inclose1 z x 71 an inl& or m$it]ranean sea1 :i* only communicates ) ! ocean by sev]al n>r[ *annels betwe5 ! isl&s1 & :]e ! fi% f9d ! necess>y protection aga9/ /ormy wea!r4 ,!y assemble on ?ree or f\r banks well kn[n to ! fi%]m51 seldom arriv+ be=e ! middle ( ,janu>y1 & r>ely lat] ?an t[>ds ! end ( ,febru>y4 ,!y rema9 9 ! %elt]$ fjord no long] ?an is necess>y = spawn+1 & 9 ,april h all retir$ to ! deep] wat]s1 s t ! :ole ( ! fi%+ season does n la/ long] ?an a c\ple ( mon?s4 ,! fi% are ei!r caught by hooks & l9es1 or m frequ5tly 9 l>ge nets ab\t tw5ty fa?oms long & sev5 or eight feet broad1 buoy$ ) pieces ( light wood1 & le/$ ) /ones1 s z to ma9ta9 a v]tical position :5 let d[n 9 ! wat]4 ,! fi%1 swimm+ ) impetu\s spe$1 d>ts into ! me%es1 :i* effectually b> 8 retreat4 ,! nets are always spread 9 ! ev5+1 & haul$ up 9 ! morn+2 = z long z x is daylight1 ! fi% sees & avoids !m1 ev5 at a dep? ( sixty or eighty fa?oms4 ,a s+le haul ( ! net frequ5tly fills half ! boat1 & ! heavy fi% w\ld und\bt$ly te> ! me%es if !y 7 n imm$iately /ruck ) iron hooks1 & flung into ! boat z soon z !y are dragg$ to ! surface4 ,claus ,niels ,sl9+51 a m]*ant ( ,borgund1 fir/ introduc$ ! use ( ^! nets 9 ! ye> #afhe1 an innovation :i* m ?an d\bl$ ! total produce ( ! fi%]ies4 ,b 7z ) all useful inv5tions7 l\d compla9ts 7 rais$ aga9/ him 9 ,norway1 & z late z #agfb no nets 7 all[$ at ,dron!im1 8to prev5t ! ru9 ( ! poor p :o _h n ! capital to provide !mselves ) !m40 ,illu/ration3 #fi4 ,,! ,,dovrefjeld4 ,! life ( a fi%]man is ev]y:]e full ( privations & dang]s1 b n[h]e m s ?an at ! ,l(ot5 ,isl&s4 ,"h1 aft] toil+ on ! /ormy sea = _m h\rs1 he has no?+ b ! mis]able %elt] ( a damp1 fil?y1 ov]-cr[d$ hut1 :i* af=ds him nei!r ! re/ nor ! w>m? ne$$ aft] 8 fatigu+ day's "w4 ,ev5 ! iron-fram$ sons ( ! ,nor? are frequ5tly unable to resi/ su* cont9u\s h>d%ips1 & br+ home ) !m ! se$s ( contagion & dea?4 ,malignant fev]s h frequ5tly decimat$ ! population ( ,norway1 & _! orig9 may g5]ally be trac$ to ! fi%+-gr\nds4 8,! ,arab & ! ,p]sian10 says ,leopold von ,bu*1 8build c>avans]as = ! wayf>]s ?r\gh ! des]t2 ! inhabitants ( ! ,alps h f\nd$ #8hospices' on ! summits ( ! m\nta9 passes2 & ! ,norwegian has erect$ h\ses ( refuge on ,dovrefjeld1 b none = ! fi%]m5 ( ,l(ot54 ,ne> ,rodo !re is a l>ge hospital = ! sick ( ,nordl&2 w\ld x n be z well to build h\ses 9 ,l(ot51 s z n to cr[d ! hospitals & *ur*y>ds80 ,?is 0 writt5 at ! beg9n+ ( ! pres5t c5tury1 b ! poor fi%]m5 are /ill z neglect$ z ev]1 = a m rec5t travell]1 ,m>mi]1 beheld ) pity ! wret*$ huts 9 :i* !y sp5d ?ree w9t] mon?s f> f _! families4 ,9 ! *annel betwe5 ,hval & ! ma9l& lies1 9 #fi #de ,n4 lat41 ! small isl& ( ,troms1 :]e ab\t fifty ye>s s9ce only a few fi%]m5 resid$1 ^: huts h gradually exp&$ into a ?riv+ little t[n ( ab\t #cjjj inhabitants1 along ! %ore opposite ! ma9l&4 ,its /aple exports are dri$ & salt$ cod1 & tra9-oil4 ,! liv]s ( ! cod are put 9 op5 b>rels & plac$ 9 ! sun1 & ! melt$ portion :i* rises to ! surface is skimm$ (f1 be+ ! pure/ oil4 ,! co>se refuse is boil$ 9 great iron pots by ! side ( ! sea1 & yields ! common 8tra9-oil40 ,! muscul> matt] :i* rema9s is collect$ into b>rels & export$ z a p[]ful manure2 "s ( x is s5t to ,engl&4 ,! t[n consi/s ma9ly ( "o long /raggl+ /reet1 foll[+ ! w9d+s ( ! %ore1 & has a picturesque appe>ance f ! h>bor4 ,! h\ses are all ( wood pa9t$ ) lively colors1 & ! ro(s1 mo/ly cov]$ ) grass1 div]sifi$ ) bright clu/]s ( yell[ & :ite fl[]s1 look pretty 9 summ]4 ,troms has a ,lat9 s*ool1 & ev5 boa/s ( a newspap]1 ! ,troms ,tid5de et ,blan = ,nordl& og ,f9m>k5 78,! ,troms ,gazette1 a pap] = ,nordl& & ,f9m>k074 ,?is pap] is publi%$ twice a week2 & z only "o mail arrives at ,troms e ?ree weeks1 ! =eign news is giv5 by in/alm5ts1 spread+ ov] six successive numb]s1 until a fre% dispat* arrives4 ,! isl& ( ,troms is beautifully situat$1 be+ on all sides environ$ by m\nta9s1 s t x seems to lie 9 ! mid/ ( a huge salt lake4 ,its surface rises 9 g5tle slopes to a tol]able elevation1 & no o!r ,arctic isle conta9s ri*] pa/urage1 or dw>f plantations ( great] luxuriance4 ,_m mead[s are yell[ ) butt]cups & picturesque und]wood1 & ! hea?y hills are cov]$ ) %rubs1 be>+ bright b]ries ( _m hues4 ,! pride ( ! ,tromsites 9 _! isl& & t[n1 & _! pr(\nd atta*m5t to x1 are rem>kable4 ,no ,swiss c be m en?usia/ically b\nd to 8 m\nta9s & vales1 ?an !y are to _! circumscrib$ doma94 ,to ! nor? ( ,troms lies ! broad & deep ,alt5fjord1 ^: bord]s are /udd$ ) num]\s dwell+s1 & :]e ! botani/ meets ) a vegetation t may well raise 8 a/oni%m5t 9 s high a latitude4 ,"h ! common bir*-tree gr[s #adej feet1 & ! ,vacc9ium myrtillus #bjcj feet above ! level ( ! sea2 ! dw>f bir* 7,betula nana7 /ill vegetates at a height ( #bgdj feet1 & ! ,arctic will[ is ev5 f\nd z high z #cejj feet1 up to ! limits ( p]5nial sn[4 ,alt5 is moreov] celebrat$ ?r\gh its copp]-m9es4 ,a piece ( ore hav+ be5 f\nd by a ,lap-woman 9 ! ye> #ahbe1 accid5tally fell into ! h&s ( ,mr4 ,cr[e1 an ,engli% m]*ant 9 ,hamm]fe/4 ,?is g5tleman imm$iately took measures = obta9+ a privilege f ,gov]nm5t = ! work+ ( ! m9es1 & all prelim9>ies be+ arrang$1 set (f = ,london1 :]e he f\nd$ a company1 ) a capital ( #ge1jjj4 ,:5 ,m>mi] visit$ ! ,alt5fjord 9 #ahdb1 m ?an #aajj workm5 7 employ$ 9 ^! mo/ nor!rly m9+-works ( ! _w1 & n seldom m ?an t5 ,engli% vessels at a "t 7 busy unload+ coals at ,kaafjord = ! smelt+ ( ! ores4 ,new copp]-works _h rec5tly be5 op5$ on ! opposite side ( ! bay at ,raipass1 & s9ce !n ! e/abli%m5t has consid]ably increas$4 ,hamm]fe/1 ! capital ( ,f9m>k1 situat$ on ! we/ side ( ! isl& ( ,hval1 9 #gj #ci #ae1 is ! mo/ nor!rn t[n 9 ! _w4 ,half a c5tury s9ce1 x _h b #dd inhabitants2 at pres5t its population am\nts to #abjj4 ,z at ,troms1 v _m ( ! h\ses1 =m+ "o long /reet w9d+ r\nd ! %ore1 h grass s[n on _! ro(s1 :i* gives ! latt] ! appe>ance ( little plots ( mead[s4 ,) u ! expression1 8he sleeps ) grass above 8 head10 is equival5t to say+ 8he is 9 8 grave20 b "h x may only mean t he sleeps b5ea? ! v]dant ro( ( 8 daily home4 ,_m l>ge w>eh\ses are built on piles project+ into ! wat]1 ) l&+-quays be=e !m2 & num]\s ranges ( op5 %$s are fill$ ) re9de] sk9s1 wolf & be> sk9s1 walrus tusks1 re9de] horns1 tra9-oil1 & dri$ fi%1 ready = exportation4 ,! *ief home traffic ( ,hamm]fe/ consi/s 9 b>t] ) ! ,laps1 :o ex*ange _! re9de] sk9s = br&y1 tobacco1 h>dw>e1 & clo?4 ,"s ent]pris+ m]*ants annually fit out vessels = walrus & seal hunt+ at ,spitzb]g5 & ,be> ,isl&1 b ! pr9cipal trade is ) ,ar*angel1 & is c>ri$ on entirely 9 8lodjes10 or ,:ite ,sea %ips1 ) ?ree s+le upright ma/s1 ea* hoi/+ a huge try-sail4 ,^! vessels supply ,hamm]fe/ ) ,russian rye1 meal1 c&les1 etc41 & receive /ock-fi% & tra9-oil 9 ex*ange4 ,sometimes1 also1 an ,engli% %ip arrives ) a supply ( coals4 ,! fi%+-gr\nds (f ! coa/ ( ,f9m>k1 ^: produce =ms ! /aple article ( ! m]*ants ( ,hamm]fe/1 are sc>cely inf]ior 9 importance to ^? ( ,l(ot51 ! numb] ( cod tak5 "h 9 #ahff am\nt+ to #ae1jjj1jjj4 ,a great "p ( ! fi% is pur*as$ by ! ,russians z x comes out ( ! wat]4 ,( ! prep>$ cod1 ,spa9 takes ! l>ge/ quantity1 z 9 #ahfe upw>ds ( #dd1jjj1jjj lbs4 ( clip-fi% 7ne>ly ! :ole yield = ! ye>7 0 consign$ to t c\ntry4 ,( ! dri$ v>iety1 #aj1jjj1jjj lbs4 7 export$ to ! ,m$it]ranean1 & upw>ds ( #d1jjj1jjj lbs4 m to ,italy4 ,sw$5 & ,holl& come next 9 ord]1 ! supply 9 ea* case be+ ov] #e1jjj1jjj lbs4 ,great ,brita9 takes sc>cely any /ock-fi%1 b #a1ejj1jjj lbs4 ( clip-fi%1 & ! l>ge export to ! ,we/ ,indies is almo/ entirely compos$ ( ! latt] article4 ,! w9t]1 ?\gh long & d>k1 has no t]rors = ! jolly ,hamm]fe/]s1 = all ! trad]s & %opkeep]s =m a unit$ ari/ocracy1 & r>ely a night passes )\t a fea/1 a dance1 & a dr9k+-b\t4 ,! day :5 ! sun re-appe>s is "o ( g5]al rejoic+2 ! fir/ :o sees ! great lum9>y proclaims x ) a l\d voice1 & e body ru%es into ! /reet to ex*ange congratulations ) 8 neighbors4 ,! isl& ( ,hval has a mo/ dre>y1 /]ile aspect1 & consid]able masses ( sn[ fill ! rav9es ev5 9 summ]4 ,! bir*1 h[ev]1 is /ill f\nd gr[+ #fbj feet above ! sea1 b ! fir has disappe>$4 ,x may well be suppos$ t no /rang] has ev] soj\rn$ 9 ?is int]e/+ place1 ! f>!/ outpo/ ( civilization t[>ds ! ,pole1 )\t visit+1 or at lea/ attempt+ to visit1 ! f>-fam$ ,nor? ,cape1 situat$ ab\t sixty miles f ,hamm]fe/1 on ! isl& ( ,mag]1 :]e a few ,norwegians live 9 e>!n huts1 & /ill manage to re> a few heads ( cattle4 ,! voyage to ?is magnific5t headl&1 :i* fronts ! sea ) a /eep rock-wall ne>ly a ?\s& feet high1 is frequ5tly difficult & prec>i\s1 nor c x be scal$ )\t consid]able fatigue2 b ! view f ! summit amply rew>ds ! tr\ble1 & x is no small satisfaction to /& on ! br9k ( ! mo/ nor!rn promontory ( ,europe4 8,x is impossible10 says ,mr4 ,w4 ,hurton1 8adequately to describe ! emotion exp]i5c$ by me z ,i /epp$ up to ! dizzy v]ge4 ,i only "k t ,i dev\tly return$ ?anks to ! ,almighty = ?us p]mitt+ me to realize "o d>l+ dream ( my boyhood4 ,despite ! w9d1 :i* "h blew viol5tly & bitt]ly cold1 ,i sat d[n1 & wrapp+ my cloak ar\nd me1 long contemplat$ ! spectacle ( ,nature 9 "o ( h] sublime/ aspects4 ,i 0 truly alone4 ,n a liv+ object 0 9 sight2 b5ea? my feet 0 ! b\ndless expanse ( ocean1 ) a sail or two on its bosom at an imm5se di/ance2 above me 0 ! canopy ( heav51 fleck$ ) fleecy cl\dlets2 ! sun 0 luridly gleam+ ov] a broad belt ( blood-r$ mi/2 ! only s\nds 7 ! :i/l+ ( ! w&]+ w9ds & ! occasional pla9tive scream ( ! hov]+ sea-f[l4 ,! only liv+ creature :i* came ne> me 0 a bee1 :i* humm$ m]rily by4 ,:at did ! busy insect seek !re8 ,n a blade ( grass grew1 & ! only vegetable matt] on ?is po9t 0 a clu/] ( )]$ moss at ! v edge ( ! awful precipice1 & ?is ,i ga!r$1 at consid]able risk1 z a memorial ( ! visit40 ,illu/ration3 #gj4 ,,midnight ,,sun ,,(f ,,spitzb]g54 ,,*apt] ,x4 ,,spitzb]g5--,,be> ,,isl&--,,jan ,,mey54 ,! we/ ,coa/ ( ,spitzb]g54--,asc5sion ( a ,m\nta9 by ,dr4 ,scoresby4--,8 ,excursion along ! ,coa/4--,a /r&$ ,:ale4-- ,magdal5a ,bay4--,multitudes ( ,sea-birds4--,animal ,life4--,midnight ,sil5ce4--,glaci]s4--,a dang]\s ,neighborhood4--,int]ior ,plateau4--,flora ( ,spitzb]g54--,its ,simil>ity ) t ( ! ,alps above ! ,sn[-l9e4--,re9de]4--,! hyp]borean ,pt>migan4--,fi%es4--,coal4--,drift-wood 4--,discov]y ( ,spitzb]g5 by ,b>5tz1 ,heemsk]k1 & ,ryp4--,brilliant ,p]iod ( ! ,:ale-fi%]y4--,c(f9s4--,eight ,engli% ,sailors w9t] 9 ,spitzb]g51 #afcj4--,melan*oly ,dea? ( "s ,dut* ,volunte]s4-- ,russian ,hunt]s4--,_! ,mode ( w9t]+ 9 ,spitzb]g54-- ,s*>o/94--,walrus-%ips f ,hamm]fe/ & ,troms4--,be> or ,*]ie ,isl&4--,b5net4--,enorm\s ,slaught] ( ,walruses4-- ,mildness ( its ,climate4--,m\nt ,mis]y4--,adv5tur\s ,boat-voyage ( "s ,norwegian ,sailors4--,jan ,mey54--,be]5b]g4 ,! ar*ipelago ( ,spitzb]g5 consi/s ( five l>ge isl&s3 ,we/ ,spitzb]g51 ,nor?-ea/ ,l&1 ,/ans ,=el&1 ,b>5tz ,l&1 ,pr9ce ,*>les ,=el&2 & ( a va/ numb] ( small] ones1 scatt]$ ar\nd _! coa/s4 ,its surface is ab\t equal to t ( two-?irds ( ,scotl&2 its mo/ s\!rn po9t 7#gf #cj ,n4 lat47 lies ne>] to ! ,pole ?an ,melville ,isl&2 & ,ross ,islet1 at its nor!rn extremity 7#hj #di ,n4 lat471 looks out ^u ! unkn[n ocean1 :i* p]haps ext5ds )\t int]ruption z f> z ! ,/raits ( ,b]+4 ,( all ! ,arctic c\ntries t h hi!rto be5 discov]$1 ,gr9nell ,l& & ,wa%+ton alone lie ne>] to ! ,pole2 b :ile ^! ice-block$ regions c only be rea*$ ) ! utmo/ difficulty1 ! we/]n & nor?-we/]n coa/s ( ,spitzb]g51 expos$ to ! mild s\?-we/]ly w9ds1 & to ! influ5ce ( ! ,gulf ,/ream1 are frequ5tly visit$1 n only by walrus-hunt]s & ,arctic explor]s1 b by amateur travell]s & sportsm54 ,! ea/]n coa/s are f> less accessible1 & 9 p>ts h nev] yet be5 accurately explor$4 ,z f> z !y are kn[n1 !y are n s bold & ind5t$ z ! we/]n & nor?-we/]n coa/s1 :i*1 project+ 9 mighty capes or op5+ a passage to deep fjords1 h be5 gnaw$ into e v>iety ( fanta/ic =m by ! corrod+ p[] ( an et]nal w9t]1 & ju/ify1 by _! endless succession ( jagg$ spikes & break-neck acclivities1 ! "n ( ,spitzb]g51 :i* its fir/ ,dut* discov]]s gave to ?is l& ( 8s]rat$ peaks40 ,! m\nta9s on ! we/ coa/ are v /eep1 _m ( !m inaccessible1 & mo/ ( !m dang]\s to climb1 ei!r f ! smoo? h>d sn[ ) :i* !y are encru/$ ev5 9 summ]1 or f ! loos5ess ( ! dis9tegrat$ /ones :i* cov] ! p>ts d5ud$ by ! sun1 & give way "u ! slighte/ pressure ( ! foot4 ,m ?an "o d>+ seaman has paid de>ly = 8 tem]ity 9 v5tur+ to scale ^! trea*]\s heights4 ,! sup]c>go1 or own]1 ( ! v fir/ ,dut* :al] t visit$ ,spitzb]g5 7#afab7 broke 8 neck 9 attempt+ to climb a /eep m\nta9 9 ,pr9ce ,*>les ,=el&1 & ,b>5tz v ne>ly lo/ sev]al ( 8 m5 "u simil> circum/ances4 ,dr4 ,scoresby1 :o 9 ! c\rse ( 8 :al+ exp$itions t\*$ at ,spitzb]g5 no less ?an sev5te5 times1 0 m successful 9 scal+ a m\nta9 #cjjj feet high1 ne> ,mitre ,cape1 ?\gh ! approa* to ! summit 0 by a ridge s n>r[ t he c\ld only advance by sitt+ a/ride ^u its edge4 ,b ! panorama :i* he beheld1 aft] hav+ atta9$ 8 object1 amply repaid him = ! dang] & fatigue ( clamb]+ = sev]al h\rs ov] loose /ones1 :i* at e /ep roll$ ) fe>ful rapidity into ! abyss b5ea?4 8,! prospect10 says ! di/+ui%$ naturali/1 80 mo/ ext5sive & gr&4 ,a f9e %elt]$ bay 0 se5 to ! ea/ ( u2 an arm ( ! same on ! nor?-ea/2 & ! sea1 ^: glassy surface 0 unruffl$ by a breeze1 =m$ an imm5se expanse on ! we/2 ! iceb]gs1 re>+ _! pr\d cre/s almo/ to ! tops ( ! m\nta9s betwe5 :i* !y 7 lodg$1 & defy+ ! p[] ( ! sol> beams1 7 scatt]$ 9 v>i\s directions ab\t ! sea-coa/ & 9 ! adjo9+ bays4 ,b$s ( sn[ & ice1 fill+ ext5sive holl[s & giv+ an enamell$ coat to adjo9+ valleys1 "o ( :i*1 comm5c+ at ! foot ( ! m\nta9 :]e we /ood1 ext5d$ 9 a cont9u$ l9e t[>ds ! nor? z f> z ! eye c\ld rea*2 m\nta9 ris+ above m\nta91 until by di/ance !y dw9dl$ into insignificance2 ! :ole contra/$ by a cl\dless canopy ( deepe/ azure1 & enlight5$ by ! rays ( a blaz+ sun1 & ! effect aid$ by a feel+ ( dang]--seat$1 z we 71 on ! p9nacle ( a rock1 almo/ surr\nd$ by trem5d\s precipices2 all unit$ to con/itute a picture s+ul>ly sublime4 8,our desc5t we f\nd really a v haz>d\s1 & 9 "s in/ances a pa9ful und]tak+4 ,e movem5t 0 a "w ( delib]ation4 ,hav+1 by mu* c>e & ) "s anxiety1 made good our desc5t to ! top ( ! second>y hills1 we took our way d[n "o ( ! /eepe/ banks1 & slid =w>d ) great facility 9 a sitt+ po/ure4 ,t[>ds ! foot ( ! hill an expanse ( sn[ /ret*$ across ! l9e ( desc5t4 ,?is be+ loose & s(t1 we ent]$ ^u x )\t fe>1 b on rea*+ ! middle ( x1 we came to a surface ( solid ice1 p]haps a hundr$ y>ds across1 ov] :i* we laun*$ ) a/oni%+ velocity1 b happily escap$ )\t injury4 ,! m51 :om we left bel[1 view$ ?is latt] movem5t ) a/oni%m5t & fe>40 ,aft] ?is p]il\s desc5t1 ,scoresby cont9u$ 8 excursion on ! flat l& next ! sea1 :]e he f\nd scatt]$ "h & !re _m skulls & o!r bones ( sea-horses1 :ales1 n>:als1 foxes1 & seals4 ,two ,russian lodges1 =m$ ( logs ( p9e1 ) a ?ird 9 ru9s1 7 also se52 ! =m]1 f a quantity ( fre% *ips ab\t !m & o!r appe>ances1 gave evid5ce ( hav+ be5 rec5tly inhabit$4 ,^! huts 7 built ^u a ridge ( %+le adjo9+ ! sea4 ,among ! b\ld]s heap$ ^u ! %ore1 num]\s sea-birds _h built _! ne/s or laid _! eggs1 :i* !y def5d$ ) l\d cries & det]m9$ c\rage aga9/ ! attacks ( gulls4 ,! only insect he p]ceiv$ 0 a small gre5 fly1 b ! wat] along ! coa/ 0 fill$ ) m$us & %rimps4 ,! /rong nor?-we/ w9ds _h cov]$ ! /r& ) l>ge heaps ( ,fucus vesiculosus & ,lam9>ia sac*>9a1 ! same :i* ! /orms also ca/ out ^u our %ores4 ,! view ( ?is high nor!rn life 0 extremely int]e/+1 b ,dr4 ,scoresby 0 /ill fur!r rew>d$ by ! discov]y ( a dead :ale1 f\nd /r&$ on ! bea*1 :i*1 ?\gh mu* swoll5 & n a little putrid1 prov$ a prize wor? at lea/ #djj4 ,by a h>poon f\nd 9 its body1 x appe>$ to h be5 /ruck by "s ( ! fi%]s on ! ,elbe1 & hav+ escap$ f !m1 x _h probably /r&$ itself on ! spot :]e x 0 f\nd4 ,:5 ! fir/ incision 0 made1 ! oil gu%$ =? l a f\nta94 ,x 0 a sl[ & labori\s "w to transport ! blubb] to ! %ip1 :i* on acc\nt ( ! dang]\s nature ( ! coa/ 0 oblig$ to rema9 two miles (f at sea4 ,aft] five boat-loads _h safely be5 br\ght on bo>d1 ! w9d sudd5ly *ang$1 s t ! %ip 0 driv5 f> out to sea1 & ! boat rea*$ h] ) great difficulty4 ,( ! num]\s fjords ( ,spitzb]g51 once ! busy resort ( :ole fleets ( :al]s1 & n[ b r>ely visit$ by man1 none has be5 m accurately describ$ by mod]n ,arctic voyag]s ?an ! magnific5t h>bor ( ,magdal5a ,bay4 ,"h ! ,doro!a & ! ,tr5t an*or$ 9 #ahah1 on _! way to ! ,nor? ,pole2 "h also ! ,fr5* naturali/s1 :o _h be5 s5t out 9 ! corvette ,la ,re*]*e 7#ahce-cf7 to explore ! high nor!rn latitudes1 soj\rn$ = sev]al weeks4 ,! numb] ( ! sea-birds is truly a/oni%+4 ,on ! l$ges ( a high rock at ! head ( ! bay ,bee*ey saw ! little auks 7,arctica alle7 ext5d 9 an un9t]rupt$ l9e full ?ree miles 9 l5g?1 & s closely congregat$ t ab\t ?irty fell at a s+le %ot4 ,he e/imat$ _! numb]s at ab\t #d1jjj1jjj4 ,:5 !y took flight !y d>k5$ ! air2 & at ! di/ance ( f\r miles _! *orus c\ld di/9ctly be he>d4 ,illu/ration3 #ga4 ,,magdal5a ,,bay1 ,,spitzb]g54 ,on a f9e summ]'s day1 ! bell[+ ( ! walruses & ! ho>se b>k ( ! seals are m+l$ ) ! %rill notes ( ! auks1 div]s1 & gulls4 ,al?\gh all ^! tones produce a by no means h>moni\s conc]t1 yet !y h a pleas+ effect1 z d5ot+ ! happy feel+s ( s _m creatures4 ,:5 ! sun v]ges to ! pole1 e animal becomes mute1 & a sil5ce brok5 only by ! bur/+ ( a glaci] reigns ov] ! :ole bay--a rem>kable contra/ to ! tropical regions1 :]e ,nature enjoys h] repose dur+ ! noonday heat1 & x is only aft] sunset t life awak5s 9 ! =e/ & ! field4 ,f\r glaci]s rea* d[n ?is noble inlet3 "o1 call$ ! ,wagon ,way1 is #gjjj feet across at its t]m9al cliff1 :i* is #cjj feet high1 pres5t+ a magnific5t wall ( ice4 ,b ! :ole sc5e is con/ruct$ on s colossal a scale t x is only on a ne> approa* t ! glaci]s ( ,magdal5a ,bay appe> 9 all _! impos+ gr&eur4 ,9 cle> wea!r ! jo9t effect ( ! ice "u ! wat]1 & ! reflection ( ! glaci]-wall above1 causes a rem>kable optical delusion4 ,! wat] assumes a milk-:ite color1 ! seals appe> to gambol 9 a ?ick cream-l liquid1 & ! error only becomes app>5t :51 on lean+ ov] ! side ( ! boat1 ! spectator looks d[n into ! transp>5t dep? bel[4 ,x is extremely dang]\s to approa* ^! cliffs ( ice1 z e n[ & !n l>ge blocks deta* !mselves f ! mass1 & frequ5tly ev5 a concussion ( ! air is en\gh to make !m fall4 ,dur+ ! busy p]iod ( ,spitzb]g5 hi/ory1 :5 its bay us$ to be frequ5t$ by :al]s :o an*or$ "u ! glaci]-walls1 ^! ice-avalan*es (t5 _h disa/r\s consequ5ces4 ,?us1 9 ! ye> #afai1 an ,engli% %ip 0 driv5 by a /orm into ,bell ,s\nd4 ,:ile x 0 pass+ "u a precipice ( ice1 a prodigi\s mass came ?und]+ d[n ^u x1 broke ! ma/s1 & ?rew ! %ip s viol5tly ^u "o side t ! capta9 & "p ( ! crew 7 swept into ! sea4 ,! capta9 escap$ unhurt1 b two sailors 7 kill$ & sev]al o!rs w\nd$4 ,"o day a gun 0 fir$ f a boat ( ! ,tr5t :5 ab\t half a mile f "o ( ! glaci]s ( ,magdal5a ,bay4 ,imm$iately aft] ! report ( ! musket1 a noise resembl+ ?und] 0 he>d 9 ! direction ( ! ice-/ream1 & 9 a few seconds m an enorm\s mass deta*$ itself f its front1 & fell into ! sea4 ,! m5 9 ! boat1 suppos+ !mselves to be beyond ! rea* ( its influ5ce1 7 tranquilly contemplat+ ! magnific5t sight1 :5 sudd5ly a l>ge wave came sweep+ ov] ! bay1 & ca/ _! little %allop to a di/ance ( n9ety-six feet ^u ! bea*4 ,ano!r "t1 :5 ,frankl9 & ,bee*ey _h approa*$ "o ( ^! ice-walls1 a huge fragm5t sudd5ly slid f its side1 & fell ) a cra% into ! sea4 ,at fir/ ! deta*$ mass entirely disappe>$ "u ! wat]s1 ca/+ up cl\ds ( spray1 b soon aft] x %ot up aga9 at lea/ #ajj feet above ! surface1 & !n kept rock+ sev]al m9utes to & fro4 ,:5 at l5g? ! tumult subsid$1 ! block 0 f\nd to measure no less ?an #aejj feet 9 circumf]5ce2 x project$ #fj feet above ! wat]1 & its weight 0 calculat$ at m ?an #djj1jjj tons4 ,besides ! glaci]s ( ,magdal5a ,bay1 ,spitzb]g5 has _m o!rs t protrude _! cry/al walls d[n to ! wat]'s edge2 & yet b few iceb]gs1 & ! l>ge/ n to be comp>$ ) ! productions ( ,baff9's ,bay1 are drift$ f ! %ores ( ,spitzb]g5 into ! op5 sea4 ,! reason is t ! glaci]s usually t]m9ate :]e ! sea is %all[1 s t no v l>ge mass if dislodg$ c float away1 & !y are at ! same "t s frequ5tly dismemb]$ by heavy swells t !y c n atta9 any great size4 ,! int]ior ( ,spitzb]g5 has nev] be5 explor$4 ,accord+ to ! ,sw$i% naturali/s1#h :o climb$ _m ( ! highe/ m\nta9s 9 v>i\s p>ts ( ! coa/1 all ! c5tral regions ( ! ar*ipelago =m a level ice-plateau1 int]rupt$ only "h & !re by d5ud$ rocks1 project+ l isl&s f ! cry/al sea 9 :i* !y are imb$d$4 ,! height ( ?is plateau above ! level ( ! ocean is 9 g5]al f #aejj to #bjjj feet1 & f its froz5 solitudes desc5d ! v>i\s glaci]s above describ$4 ,dur+ ! summ] mon?s1 ! radiation ( ! sun at ,spitzb]g5 is always v int5se1 ! !rmomet] 9 "s %elt]$ situations n seldom ris+ at noon to #fb1 #fg1 or ev5 #gc4 ,ev5 at midnight1 at ! v peak ( ! high m\nta9 asc5d$ by ,scoresby1 ! p[] ( ! sun produc$ a temp]ature sev]al degrees above ! freez+-po9t1 & occasion$ ! dis*>ge ( /reams ( wat] f ! sn[-capp$ summit4 ,h5ce1 ?\gh ev5 9 ! ?ree w>me/ mon?s ! temp]ature ( ,spitzb]g5 does n av]age m t #cd1 yet 9 ! m s\!rn aspects1 & p>ticul>ly :]e ! w>m? ( ! sun is absorb$ & radiat$ by black rock-walls1 ! m\nta9s are n seldom b>$ at an elevation ne>ly equal to t ( ! sn[-l9e ( ,norway1 & v>i\s ,alp9e plants & grasses frequ5tly fl\ri%1 n only 9 %elt]$ situations at ! foot ( ! hills1 b ev5 to a consid]able height1 :]ev] ! dis9tegrat$ rocks lodge & =m a tol]ably good soil4 ,! ,flora ( ,spitzb]g5 consi/s ( ab\t n9ety-?ree species ( fl[]+ or ph5ogam\s plants1 :i* g5]ally gr[ 9 isolat$ tufts or pat*es2 b ! mosses :i* c>pet ! moi/ l[l&s1 & ! /ill m h>dy li*5s1 :i* inve/ ! rocks ) _! ?9 cru/s or scurfs z f> z ! la/ limits ( vegetation1 are mu* m num]\s4 ,"s ( ! plants ( ,spitzb]g5 are also f\nd on ! ,alps beyond ! sn[-l9e1 at elevations ( f #ijjj to #aj1jjj feet above ! level ( ! sea4 ,accord+ to ,mr4 ,m>t9s1 no?+ c give a bett] idea ( ,spitzb]g5 ?an ! va/ circus ( nv1 9 ! c5tre ( :i* rises ! triangul> rock kn[n to ! visitors ( ,*amonny z ! ,j>d9 or ! ,c\rtil4 ,let ! t\ri/1 plac$ on ?is spot at a "t :5 ! sun rises b little above ! horizon1 or bett] /ill1 :5 wrea?s ( mi/ hang ov] ! neighbor+ m\nta9s1 fancy ! sea ba?+ ! foot ( ! amphi!atre ( :i* he occupies ! c5tre1 & he has a complete ,spitzb]g5 prospect be=e him4 ,suppos+ him to be a botani/1 ! sight ( ! ,ranunculus glacialis1 ,c]a/ium alp9um1 ,ar5>ia biflora1 & ,erig]on uniflorus w /ill fur!r increase ! illusion4 ,! only escul5t plant ( ,spitzb]g5 is ! ,co*le>ia f5e/rata1 :i* "h loses its acrid pr9ciples1 & c be eat5 z a salad4 ,! grasses :i* ,keilhau f\nd gr[+ ne> "s ,russian huts 9 ,/ans ,=el& are dur+ ! summ] a preci\s res\rce = ! re9de]1 :i*1 ?\gh extremely %y1 make _! appe>ance f "t to "t 9 e "p ( ! l& f ! ,sev5 ,isl&s to ,s\? ,cape1 & are m abundant ?an c\ld h be5 expect$4 ,! ,pol> be>s are probably _! only native enemies on ^! isl&s1 & _! fleetness furni%es !m ) ample means ( escape f a pursu] s clumsy on l&4 ,"l ,mulgrave's crew kill$ fifty de] on ,vogelsang1 a not$ hunt+-place1 & on ,sir ,edw>d ,p>ry's pol> exp$ition ab\t sev5ty de] 7 %ot 9 ,treur5b]g ,bay by inexp]i5c$ de]-/alk]s1 & )\t ! aid ( dogs4 ,dur+ ! w9t] ^! l>ge h]bivora live on ! ,icel&ic moss :i* !y sc5t "u ! sn[1 b x may well be ask$ :]e !y f9d %elt] 9 a nak$ wild]ness )\t a s+le tree4 ,9 ,may & ,june !y are s ?9 z sc>cely to be eatable1 b 9 ,july !y beg9 to get fat1 & !n _! fle% w\ld ev]y:]e be reckon$ a delicacy4 ,besides ! re9de]1 ! only l&-quadrup$s ( ,spitzb]g5 are ! ,pol> be>1 ! ,arctic fox1 & a small field-m\se1 :i* 9 summ] has a mottl$1 & 9 w9t] a :ite fur4 ,( ! birds1 ! hyp]borean pt>migan 7,lagopus hyp]borea71 :i* easily procures its food "u ! sn[1 und\bt$ly w9t]s 9 ,spitzb]g51 & probably also ! less] r$-pole1 :i* p]haps f9ds grass se$s en\gh = its subsi/5ce dur+ ! long pol> nights1 :ile ! sn[-bunt+ 7,plectrophanes nivalis71 & ! tw5ty species ( wat]-f[l & wad]s t frequ5t ! %ores ( ! high nor!rn ar*ipelago dur+ ! summ]1 all migrate s\?w>d :5 ! long summ]'s day v]ges to its end4 ,until v lately ! ,spitzb]g5 wat]s 7 suppos$ to be poor 9 fi%es1 ?\gh ! num]\s f9backs1 :i* t[>ds ! end ( summ] frequ5t ! s\!rn & s\?-we/]n coa/s1 &1 unlike ! l>ge smoo?-back :ales1 *iefly live on h]r+s1 z well z ! troops ( salmon-lov+ :ite dolph9 se5 ab\t ! e/u>ies ( ! riv]s1 suffici5tly prov$ ! contr>y1 n to m5tion ! h]ds ( seals1 & ! ho/s ( i*?yophag\s sea-birds t bre$ on e rocky l$ge ( ! ar*ipelago4 ,phipps & ,scoresby m5tion only ?ree or f\r species ( fi%es occurr+ 9 ! seas ( ,spitzb]g51 :ile ! ,sw$i% naturali/ ,malmgr51 ! fir/ :o seems to h paid real att5tion to ?is int]e/+ bran* ( zoology1 collect$ no less ?an tw5ty-?ree species 9 #ahfa & #ahfd4 ,! nor!rn %>k 7,scymnus microcephalus7 is s abundant t ( late its fi%]y has prov$ highly remun]ative4 ,! fir/ %ip :i* 0 fitt$ out = ?is purpose 9 #ahfc by ,hilb]t ,pett]s51 ( ,troms1 return$ f ,bell & ,ice ,s\nds ) a full c>go ( %>ks' liv]s1 & 9 #ahfe ! same ent]pris+ m]*ant s5t out no less ?an five %>k-%ips to ,spitzb]g54 ,! cod1 ! common h]r+1 ! %ell-fi%1 ! halibut h likewise be5 caught 9 ! wat]s ( ! ar*ipelago1 & !re is e reason to believe t _! fi%]y1 :i* has hi!rto be5 entirely neglect$1 might be pursu$ ) great success4 ,! m9]al ri*es ( ,spitzb]g5 are1 ( c\rse1 b little kn[n4 ,coal ( an excell5t quality1 :i* might easily be work$1 z x ne>ly crops out on ! surface at a %ort di/ance f ! sea1 has1 h[ev]1 be5 discov]$ lately by ,mr4 ,blom/r& 9 ,k+'s ,bay1 & simil> /rata exi/ 9 v>i\s p>ts ( ,bell ,s\nd & ,ice ,s\nd4 ,l>ge quantities ( drift-wood1 probably f ! l>ge ,sib]ian riv]s1 are deposit$ by ! curr5ts1 p>ticul>ly on ! nor? coa/s ( ,nor?-ea/ ,l&1 & on ! s\!rn coa/s ( ,/ans ,=el&4 ,9 ,engli% ,bay ,"l ,duff]9 saw innum]able logs ( unhewn timb]1 m+l$ ) :i* lay pieces ( brok5 sp>s1 an o>1 a boat's flag/aff1 & a few %att]$ fragm5ts ( "s long-lo/ vessel's plank+4 ,mo/ probably ! ,norwegians _h _! att5tion direct$ at a v e>ly p]iod to ! exi/5ce ( a l& ly+ to ! nor? ( ,f9m>k5 by ! troops ( migratory birds :i* !y saw fly+ nor?w>d 9 spr+1 & by ! casual visits ( sea-be>s1 :i* ! drift-ice c>ri$ to ! s\?4 ,!re c be no d\bt t !y 7 ! fir/ discov]]s ( ,spitzb]g51 b _! hi/ory conta9s no positive records ( ! fact1 & x 0 n be=e ! sixte5? c5tury t ,europe fir/ became acqua9t$ ) t desolate ar*ipelago4 ,sir ,hugh ,will\ghby may possibly h se5 x 9 #aeei1 b x is c]ta9 t on ,june #ai1 #aeif1 ,b>5tz1 ,heemsk]ke1 & ,ryp1 :o _h sail$ 9 two %ips f ,am/]dam to discov] ! nor?-ea/]n passage to ,india1 l&$ on its we/]n coa/1 & gave x ! "n x be>s to ! pres5t day4 ,9 ! ye> #afjg x 0 visit$ by ! un=tunate ,h5ry ,hudson1 & f\r ye>s lat] ! fir/ ,engli% :al]s 7 fitt$ out by ! ,russia ,company 9 ,london to fi% 9 ! bays ( ,spitzb]g51 or ,ea/ ,gre5l&1 z x 0 at t "t call$1 be+ suppos$ to be ! ea/]n prolongation ( t va/ isl&4 ,"h our c\ntrym5 met ) ,dut*m51 ,norwegians1 & ,biscayans f ,bayonne & ! ports ( ,nor!rn ,spa91 & comm]cial rivalry soon l$ to ! usual qu>rels4 ,9 ! ye> #afac ,james ,i4 grant$ ! ,russia ,company a pat5t1 giv+ !m ! exclusive "r to fi% 9 ! ,spitzb]g5 wat]s1 & sev5 %ips ( w> 7 s5t out to en=ce _! pret5sions4 ,! ,dut*1 ! ,norwegians1 & ! ,biscayans 7 driv5 away2 a cross ) ! "n ( ! ,k+ ( ,engl& 0 erect$ on ! %ore1 & ,spitzb]g5 receiv$ ! "n ( 8,k+ ,james 8 ,newl&40 ,?is triumph1 h[ev]1 0 b ( %ort duration1 & aft] a /ruggle1 9 :i* none ( ! combatants ga9$ any decisive advantage1 all p>ties came at la/ to an amicable agreem5t4 ,! ,engli% receiv$ = _! %>e ! be/ /ations on ! s\?-we/]n coa/1 along ) ,engli% ,bay & ,magdal5a ,bay4 ,! ,dut* 7 oblig$ to retreat to ! nor?1 & *ose ,am/]dam ,isl&1 ) ,sme]5b]g ,bay1 z ! seat ( _! op]ations4 ,! ,danes or ,norwegians e/abli%$ _! head-qu>t]s on ,dane's ,isl&2 ! ,hamburg]s1 :o also came 9 = _! %>e1 9 ,hamburg ,bay2 & ! ,fr5* or ,biscayans on ! nor? coa/1 9 ,r$ ,bay4 ,at pres5t a "r or smoo?-back$ :ale r>ely %[s itself 9 ! ,spitzb]g5 wat]s1 b at t "t x 0 s abundant t frequ5tly no less ?an =ty :al]s us$ to an*or 9 a s+le bay1 & s5d out _! boats to kill ^! cetaceans1 :o came !re = ! purpose ( ca/+ _! "y 9 ! %elt]$ fri?s & *annels4 ,! fat ( ! captur$ :ales 0 imm$iately boil$ 9 l>ge kettles on ! %ore1 & ! bays ( ,spitzb]g5 pres5t$ a mo/ animat$ spectacle dur+ ! summ] season4 ,num]\s c(f9s--an und]gr\nd burial be+ impossible 9 ?is fro/-h>d5$ e>?--/ill be> witness to ^? busy times1 & also to ! great mortality among ! fi%]m51 caus$ d\btless by _! intemp]ate habits4 ,!y are p>ticul>ly abundant at ,sme]5b]g1 :]e ,admiral ,bee*ey saw upw>ds ( "o ?\s& ( !m2 bo>ds ) ,engli% inscriptions 7 erect$ ov] a few1 b ! great] numb] 7 ,dut*1 & _h be5 deposit$ 9 ! eighte5? c5tury4 ,"s c(f9s hav+ be5 op5$1 ! corpses 7 f\nd 9 a /ate ( p]fect pres]vation1 & ev5 ! wooll5 caps & /ock+s ( ! m>9]s1 :o might p]haps h re/$ = m ?an a c5tury on ?is cold e>?1 7 /ill app>5tly z new z if !y _h be5 b rec5tly put on4 ,illu/ration3 #gb4 ,,burial ,,9 ,,spitzb]g54 ,9 ! sev5te5? c5tury ! ,engli% & ! ,dut* made sev]al attempts to e/abli% p]man5t settlem5ts 9 ,spitzb]g54 ,! ,russia ,company tri$ to engage volunte]s by ! promise ( a lib]al pay1 & z none came =w>d1 a free p>don 0 (f]$ to crim9als :o w\ld und]take to w9t] 9 ,bell ,s\nd4 ,a few wret*es1 tir$ ( conf9em5t1 accept$ ! proposal1 b :5 ! fleet 0 ab\t to dep>t1 & !y saw ! gloomy hills1 & felt ! h[l+ nor?-ea/]n gales1 _! he>ts fail$ !m1 & !y entreat$ ! capta9 :o _h *>ge ( !m to take !m back to ,london & let !m be hang$4 ,_! reque/ to be tak5 back 0 compli$ )1 b ! company g5]\sly int]c$$ = !m1 & obta9$ _! p>don4 ,"s "t aft]1 9 ! ye> #afcj1 an ,engli% :al] l&$ eight m5 9 ,bell ,s\nd to hunt re9de]4 ,!y rema9$ on %ore dur+ ! night1 b mean:ile a /orm _h aris51 & on ! foll[+ morn+ _! %ip _h vani%$ out ( sight4 ,x 0 t[>ds ! end ( ,augu/1 & !y _h no hope ( rescue at ?is advanc$ p]iod ( ! ye>4 ,_! despair may be imag9$1 b !y soon recov]$ _! c\rage1 & wisely det]m9$ to make prep>ations = ! imp5d+ w9t]1 in/ead ( los+ "t 9 useless lam5tations4 ,_! fir/ c>e 0 to lay 9 a /ock ( food1 & 9 a %ort "t !y _h kill$ n9ete5 re9de] & f\r be>s4 ,=tunately !y f\nd 9 ,bell ,s\nd ! necess>y mat]ials = ! erection ( a hut4 ,a l>ge %$ fifty feet long & ?irty-eight broad _h be5 built z a work%op = ! m5 ( ! ,russia ,company1 & !y v judici\sly con/ruct$ _! small hut ( /ones & ?ick planks )9 ?is inclos$ space4 ,!y ?us ga9$ a bett] protection aga9/ ! icy w9d & room = ex]cise dur+ /ormy wea!r1 "o ( ! be/ pres]vatives aga9/ ! scurvy4 ,!y made _! b$s & w9t] dresses ( ! sk9s ( ! animals !y _h kill$1 sew+ !m toge!r ) ne$les made ( bone spl9t]s1 & us+ dis5tangl$ rope-ends z ?read4 ,illu/ration3 #gc4 ,,arctic ,,fox4 ,_! hut 0 ready by ,septemb] #ab1 & to pres]ve _! supply ( meat z long z possible1 !y liv$ f\r days ( ! week on ! (fal ( :ales' fat :i* lay scatt]$ ab\t 9 great pl5ty4 ,f ,octob] #bf to ,febru>y #ae !y saw no sun1 & f ! #ac? to ! #ca/ ( ,decemb] no twilight4 ,! new ye> began ) excessive cold3 e piece ( metal !y t\*$ /uck to _! f+]s l glue1 & _! sk9 became bli/]$ :5 expos$ to ! air4 ,! re-appe>ance ( ! sun 0 z a resurrection f dea?4 ,to increase _! joy1 !y saw two be>s on ! ice1 "o ( :i* !y kill$1 b !y f\nd1 :at has s9ce be5 frequ5tly exp]i5c$ by o!rs1 t ! liv] ( ! animal has poison\s qualities1 or is at lea/ v un:olesome1 =1 aft] eat+ x1 !y 7 all attack$ ) a k9d ( eruptive fev]1 & _! sk9 peel$ (f4 ,t[>ds ! middle ( ,m>* _! provisions 7 well-nigh exhau/$1 b ! ,pol> be>s appe>+ m frequ5tly1 repl5i%$ _! /ock4 ,soon also ! migratory birds arriv$ f ! s\?1 ! foxes crept out ( _! burr[s1 & _m 7 caught 9 traps4 ,on ,june #e ! ice began to break up1 & on ! foll[+ morn+ "o-half ( ! bay 0 op54 ,a gale =c$ !m to seek ! %elt] ( _! hut4 ,!re1 seat$ r\nd ! fire1 !y spoke ( _! approa*+ deliv]y1 :5 sudd5ly a l\d halloo 0 he>d4 ,!y imm$iately ru%$ out into ! op5 air1 & h>dly believ$ _! eyesight1 = !y 7 greet$ by _! comrades ( ! previ\s summ]1 & saw _! own well-kn[n %ip at an*or 9 ! bay4 ,?us 7 ^! brave-he>t$ m5 rescu$ aft] a t5 mon?s' exile 9 ! latitude ( #gg4 ,! possibility ( w9t]+ 9 ,spitzb]g5 hav+ ?us be5 prov$1 "s volunte]s belong+ to ! ,dut* fleet 7 induc$ by c]ta9 emolum5ts to attempt ! same ent]prise on ,am/]dam ,isl&2 b1 less =tunate ?an _! pr$ecessors1 !y all fell victims to ! scurvy4 ,a di>y :i* !y left beh9d record$ ! t\*+ hi/ory ( _! suff]+s4 8,f\r ( u10 ^! 7 its la/ words1 8are /ill alive1 /ret*$ out flat ^u ! floor1 & might /ill be able to eat if "o ( u _h b ! /r5g? to rise & fet* "s food & fuel1 b we are all s weak1 & e movem5t is s pa9ful1 t we are incapable ( /irr+4 ,we con/antly pray to ,god soon to release u f our suff]+s1 & truly we c n live mu* long] )\t food & w>m?4 ,none ( u is able to help ! o!rs1 & ea* mu/ be> 8 burd5 z well z he c40 ,s9ce t "t bo? ! ,engli% & ! ,dut* h giv5 up ! idea ( =m+ p]man5t settlem5ts 9 ,spitzb]g51 b sc>cely a ye> passes t "s ,russians & ,norwegians d n w9t] 9 t high nor!rn l&4 ,z f> back z ! sev5te5? c5tury1 ! =m] us$ to s5d out _! clumsy b /rongly-built 8lodjes0 ( f #fj to #afj tons f ! ports ( ,ar*angel1 ,mes51 ,onega1 ,kola1 & o!r places bord]+ ! ,:ite ,sea1 to *ase ! v>i\s animals ( ,spitzb]g51 ! re9de]1 ! seal1 ! beluga1 b *iefly ! walrus1 ! mo/ valuable ( all4 ,^! vessels leave home 9 ,july1 or z soon z ! navigation ( ! ,:ite ,sea op5s1 & z ! %ortness ( ! season h>dly all[s !m to return 9 ! same ye>1 !y pass ! w9t] 9 "s %elt]$ bay4 ,_! fir/ c>e on l&+ is to erect a l>ge cross on ! %ore1 a c]emony !y repeat on leav+1 & su* is _! religi\s fai? t "u ! protection ( t holy symbol !y mock all ! t]rors ( ! ,arctic w9t]4 ,ne> ! place :]e _! vessels are laid up1 !y build a l>ge hut f tw5ty to tw5ty-five feet squ>e1 :i* is us$ z a /ation & magaz9e2 b ! huts us$ by ! m5 :o g 9 que/ ( sk9s1 & :i* are erect$ at di/ances ( f t5 to fifty v]/s along ! %ore1 are only sev5 or eight feet squ>e4 ,! small] huts are usually occupi$ by two or ?ree m51 :o take c>e to provide !mselves f ! /ore-h\se ) ! necess>y provisions = ! w9t]4 ,scoresby visit$ sev]al ( ^! huts1 "s con/ruct$ ( logs1 o!rs ( deal two in*es 9 ?ickness4 ,!y are ( ! same k9d z ^? us$ by ! peasants 9 ,russia1 &1 be+ tak5 out 9 pieces1 are erect$ ) b little tr\ble 9 ! mo/ conv5i5t situation4 ,! /oves are built ) bricks1 or ) clay f\nd 9 ! c\ntry4 ,dur+ ! /ay ( ! hunt]s1 !y employ !mselves 9 kill+ seals or walruses 9 ! wat]1 & be>s1 foxes1 de]1 or :atev] else !y meet ) on l&4 ,ea* %ip is furni%$ ) provisions = eighte5 mon?s1 consi/+ ( rye fl\r = bread1 oatmeal1 b>ley-meal1 peas1 salt beef1 salt cod1 & salt halibut1 toge!r ) curdl$ milk1 honey1 & l9se$ oil2 besides :i*1 !y enjoy ! fle% ( ! animals :i* !y kill4 ,_! dr9k consi/s *iefly ( quas1 a national bev]age made f rye fl\r & wat]2 malt or spiritu\s liquors be+ entirely =bidd51 to prev5t drunk5ness1 z1 :5 !y 7 all[$ x1 !y drank s immod]ately t _! "w 0 (t5 altoge!r neglect$4 ,_! fuel = ! mo/ "p is br\ght ) !m f ,russia1 & drift-wood is us$ = ! same purpose4 ,! hunt]s1 seldom travell+ f> 9 w9t]1 make _! %ort excursions on foot on sn[-skates1 & draw _! food aft] !m on h&-sl$ges4 ,n seldom !y are ov]tak5 by t]rific sn[/orms1 :i* =ce !m to ?r[ !mselves flat ^u ! gr\nd1 & sometimes ev5 co/ !m _! lives4 ,_! be/ pres]vation aga9/ ! scurvy is bodily ex]cise2 !y also use ! ,co*le>ia f5e/rata1 :i* gr[s wild 9 ! c\ntry1 ei!r eat+ x )\t any prep>ation1 or dr9k+ ! liquor prep>$ f x by infusion 9 wat]4 ,yet1 9 spite ( all _! precautions1 !y (t5 fall a prey to ?is t]rible sc\rge4 ,9 ! ye> #agga1 ,mr4 ,/ew>d1 ( ,:itby1 l&$ 9 ,k+'s ,bay to ga!r drift-wood1 & f\nd a ,russian hut4 ,aft] hav+ va9ly call$ = admittance1 !y op5$ x1 & f\nd a corpse /ret*$ out on ! gr\nd1 its face cov]$ ) gre5 m\ld4 ,mo/ likely ! un=tunate man1 hav+ buri$ all 8 comrades1 _h1 z ! la/ survivor1 f\nd no "o to p]=m ! same k9d (fice = himself4 ,g5]ally ! ,russian hunt]s1 aft] sp5d+ ! w9t] 9 ,spitzb]g51 return home 9 ! foll[+ ,augu/ or ,septemb]2 b _! /op is (t5 prolong$ dur+ sev]al ye>s2 & ,s*>o/91 a v5]able ,russian1 :o di$ 9 #ahbf 9 ,ice ,s\nd1 is des]v$ly rem>kable = hav+ sp5t no less ?an ?irty-two w9t]s ( 8 long life 9 t high nor!rn l&1 :]e he once rema9$ dur+ fifte5 consecutive ye>s4 ,surely ?is man ought to h be5 cr[n$ k+ ( ,spitzb]g5-- ,on a ?rone ( rocks1 9 a robe ( cl\ds1 ,) a diadem ( sn[6 ,e ye>1 at ! beg9n+ ( summ]1 ab\t a doz5 vessels leave ! ports ( ,hamm]fe/ & ,troms = ,spitzb]g54 ,=m]ly x 0 a v common ?+ = !m to procure ?ree c>goes ( walrus & seals 9 a season1 & less ?an two full c>goes 0 consid]$ v bad luck inde$2 n[1 h[ev]1 x is a r>e ?+ to get m ?an "o c>go 9 a season1 & _m vessels return home aft] f\r mon?s' abs5ce only half full4 ,yet1 9 spite ( ?is dim9ution1 ! numb]s ( walruses /ill exi/+ 9 t c\ntry are v consid]able1 p>ticul>ly on ! nor!rn banks & sk]ries1 :i* are only accessible 9 op5 seasons1 or p]haps once 9 e ?ree or f\r summ]s1 :5 ! p]secut$ animals get a little "t to bre$ & repl5i% _! numb]s4 ,illu/ration3 #gd4 ,,*ase ,,( ,,! ,,walrus4 ,ab\t midway betwe5 ,hamm]fe/ & ,spitzb]g5 lies ,be> ,isl&1 orig9ally discov]$ by ,b>5tz on ,june #i1 #aeif4 ,sev5 ye>s lat]1 ,/eph5 ,b5net1 a %ipma/] 9 ! s]vice ( ! ,muscovy ,company1 :ile on a voyage ( discov]y 9 a nor?-ea/]ly direction1 likewise saw ,be> ,isl& on ,augu/ #af4 ,ignorant ( its previ\s discov]y by ,b>5tz1 he call$ x ,*]ie ,isl&1 aft] ,sir ,francis ,*]ie1 a memb] ( ! company1 & to ?is day bo? names are us$4 ,b5net f\nd "s walruses on its des]t %ores1 & return$ 9 ! foll[+ ye> ) a vessel fitt$ out by a m]*ant ( ! "n ( ,weld51 to wage w> ) ^! sea-mon/]s4 ,8 fir/ op]ations 7 n v successful4 ,( a h]d ( at lea/ a ?\s& walruses1 he kill$ no m ?an fifte51 & a lat] attack ^u an equally enorm\s troop rais$ ! entire numb] ( 8 victims to no m ?an fifty4 ,_! tusks alone 7 br\ght away1 & along ) "s loose ones collect$ on ! bea* =m$ ! *ief produce ( ! exp$ition4 ,at fir/ ! unwieldy creatures 7 fir$ at1 b z ! bullets made no great impression on _! ?ick hides1 grape%ot 0 n[ dis*>g$ into _! eyes1 & ! bl9d$ animals 7 f9ally kill$ ) axes4 ,9 ! foll[+ ye> ,weld5 himself proce$$ to ,be> ,isl&1 & ! art ( walrus-kill+ gradually improv+ by practice1 ?is second exp$ition prov$ f> m pr(itable ?an ! fir/4 ,c>e _h also be5 tak5 to provide l>ge kettles & ! necess>y fuel to boil _! fat on ! spot1 s t besides ! tusks a quantity ( oil 0 ga9$4 ,9 #afjf ,b5net aga9 appe>$ on ! field ( action1 & ! dext]ity ( ! walrus-hunt]s _h n[ become s great t 9 less ?an six h\rs !y kill$ m ?an #gjj1 :i* yield$ tw5ty-two tons ( oil4 ,dur+ ! foll[+ voyage1 ,weld51 :o seems to h act$ 9 p>tn]%ip ) ,b5net1 ea* tak+ 8 turn1 kill$ no less ?an #ajjj walruses 9 sev5 h\rs4 ,?us ,be> ,isl& prov$ a m9e ( weal? to ^! ent]pris+ m51 & ?\gh ! walruses are n n[ s abundant z 9 ! good old times1 yet !y are /ill suffici5tly num]\s to attract ! att5tion ( speculators4 ,e ye> sev]al exp$itions proce$ to its %ores f ! ,russian & ,norwegian ports1 & g5]ally "s m5 pass ! w9t] 9 huts erect$ on its nor!rn & s\?-ea/]n coa/s4 ,consid]+ its high nor!rn latitude ( #ge1 ! climate ( ,be> ,isl& is uncommonly mild4 ,accord+ to ! reports ( "s ,norwegian walrus-hunt]s1 :o rema9$ !re f #ahbd to #ahbf1 ! cold 0 s mod]ate dur+ ! fir/ w9t] t1 until ! middle ( ,novemb]1 ! sn[ :i* fell 9 ! night melt$ dur+ ! daytime4 ,x ra9$ at ,*ri/mas1 & sev5ty walruses 7 kill$ dur+ ,*ri/mas week by ! light ( ! moon & t ( ! ,aurora4 ,ev5 9 ,febru>y ! wea!r 0 s mild t ! m5 7 able to "w 9 ! op5 air "u ! same latitude z ,melville ,isl&1 :]e m]cury is a solid body dur+ five mon?s ( ! ye>4 ,! cold did n become int5se be=e ,m>*1 & atta9$ its maximum 9 ,april1 :5 ! sea froze fa/ r\nd ! isl&1 & ! :ite be>s appe>$ :i* _h be5 abs5t dur+ ! :ole w9t]4 ,! second w9t] 0 m sev]e ?an ! fir/1 b ev5 !n ! sea rema9$ op5 until ! middle ( ,novemb]--evid5tly 9 consequ5ce ( ! prevail+ s\?-we/]ly w9ds4 ,! great] "p ( ,be> ,isl& is a desolate plateau rais$ ab\t #ajj or #bjj feet above ! sea4 ,along its we/]n %ores rises a gr\p ( ?ree m\nta9s1 suppos$ to be ab\t #bjj feet high1 & t[>ds ! s\? x t]m9ates 9 a solit>y hill to :i* ! fir/ discov]]s gave ! appropriate "n ( ,m\nt ,mis]y4 ,at ! nor!rn foot ( ?is t]race-%ap$ elevation ! plateau is consid]ably depress$1 & =ms a k9d ( oasis1 :]e grass 7,poa prat5sis71 enliv5$ ) violet c>dam9es & :ite polygonums & saxifragas1 gr[s to half a y>d 9 height4 ,! g5]al "* ( ! small isl& is1 h[ev]1 a monotony ( /one & morass1 ) "h & !re a pat* ( sn[1 :ile ! coa/s h be5 worn by ! action ( ! waves into a v>iety ( fanta/ic %apes1 bord]$ 9 "s p>ts by a flat n>r[ /r&1 ! favorite resort ( ! walrus1 & 9 o!rs af=d+ conv5i5t bre$+-places to ho/s ( sea-birds4 ,9 ,coal ,bay1 f\r p>allel seams ( coal1 ab\t equidi/ant f ea* o!r1 are visible on ! v]tical rock-walls1 b !y are too ?9 to be ( any practical use4 ,illu/ration3 #ge4 ,a ,,glimpse ,,( ,,jan ,,mey5',s ,,isl&4 ,be> ,isl& has no h>bors1 & is consequ5tly a r dang]\s place to visit4 ,dur+ ! fir/ exp$ition s5t out f ,hamm]fe/1 x happ5$ t "s ( ! m5 :o _h be5 l&$ 7 ab&on$ by _! %ip1 :i* 0 to h cruis$ along ! coa/ :ile !y 7 hunt+ on %ore4 ,b ! curr5t1 ! w9d1 & a d5se fog s confus$ ! ignorant capta9 t1 leav+ !m to _! fate1 he at once return$ to ,hamm]fe/4 ,:5 ! m5 became aw>e ( _! dreadful situation1 !y det]m9$ to leave ! isl& 9 _! boat1 & tak+ ) !m a quantity ( "y walrus fle%1 !y luckily rea*$ ,nor?kyn aft] a voyage ( eight days4 ,x seems almo/ incr$ible t ^! same p imm$iately aft] revisit$ ,be> ,isl& 9 ! same %ip1 & 7 aga9 oblig$ to return to ,norway 9 ! same boat4 ,! %ip _h an*or$ 9 ! op5 bay ( ,nor? ,hav51 & hav+ tak5 9 its c>go1 consi/+ ( #ahj walruses1 :i* _h all be5 kill$ 9 a few days1 0 ab\t to leave1 :5 a /orm arose1 :i* ca/ h] a%ore & broke h] to pieces4 ,! ,russians _h built "s huts 9 ! neighborhood1 & ! provisions might probably h be5 sav$1 b r ?an w9t] 9 ! isl& ! crew resolv$ to v5ture home aga9 9 ! boat4 ,?is 0 s small t "o-half ( !m 7 oblig$ to lie d[n on ! bottom :ile ! o!rs r[$2 ! autumn 0 already f> advanc$1 & !y enc\nt]$ s savage a /orm t an ,engli% %ip !y fell 9 ) at ! ,nor? ,cape va9ly endeavor$ to take !m on bo>d4 ,aft] a t5 days' voyage1 h[ev]1 !y safely arriv$ at ,mag]1 ?us prov+ ! tru? ( ! old say+ t 8,=tune favors ! bold40 ,! di/ance f ,be> ,isl& to ,nor? ,cape is ab\t sixty nautical miles4 99 99 99 99 99 ,9 a /raight l9e betwe5 ,spitzb]g5 & ,icel& lies ,jan ,mey51 :i*1 expos$ to ! cold ,gre5l& curr5t1 almo/ p]petually veil$ ) mi/s1 & surr\nd$ by drift ice1 w\ld sc>cely ev] be di/urb$ 9 its dre>y solitude b = ! num]\s walrus & seal h]ds t frequ5t its %ores4 ,! ice-be>s & ! wild sea-birds are its only inhabitants2 once "s ,dut*m5 attempt$ to w9t] !re1 b ! scurvy swept !m all away4 ,its mo/ rem>kable features are ! volcano ,esk & ! huge m\nta9 ,be]5b]g1 t[]+ to ! height ( #fhgj feet1 ) sev5 enorm\s glaci]s sweep+ d[n its sides into ! sea4 ,,*apt] ,,xi4 ,,nova ,,zembla4 ,! ,sea ( ,k>a4--,los*k94--,rosmyssl[4--,ltke4--,k rot[4-- ,pa*tuss[4--,sails along ! ea/]n ,coa/ ( ! ,s\!rn ,isl& to ,matos*k9 ,s*>4--,8 second ,voyage & ,dea?4-- ,meteorological ,obs]vations ( ,ziwolka4--,! cold ,summ] ( ,nova ,zembla4--,von ,ba]'s sci5tific ,voyage to ,nova ,zembla4--,8 ,adv5tures 9 ,matos*k9 ,s*>4--,/orm 9 ,ko/9 ,s*>4--,sea ,ba? & votive ,cross4--,botanical ,obs]vations4--,a natural ,g>d54-- ,solitude & ,sil5ce4--,a ,bird ,baz>4--,hunt+ ,exp$itions ( ! ,russians to ,nova ,zembla4 ,! sea ( ,k>a1 b\nd$ on ! we/ by ,nova ,zembla1 & on ! ea/ by ! va/ p59sula ( ,tajmurl&1 is "o ( ! mo/ inhospitable p>ts ( ! inhospitable ,pol> ,ocean4 ,= all ! ice :i* ! ea/-we/]ly m>9e curr5ts drift dur+ ! summ] along ! ,sib]ian coa/s accumulates 9 t imm5se l&-lock$ bay1 & almo/ con/antly blocks ! gate ( ,k>a1 z ! /raits h be5 nam$ t sep>ate ,nova ,zembla f ! isl& ( ,waigatz4 ,! riv]s ,j5issei & ,obi1 :i* rema9 froz5 ov] until late 9 ,june1 likewise dis*>ge _! va/ masses ( ice into ! gulf ( ,k>a1 s t we c n wond] t ! ea/]n coa/ ( ,nova ,zembla1 front+ a sea :i* opposes almo/ insup]able ob/acles to ! ,arctic navigator1 has rema9$ almo/ totally unkn[n until #ahcc1 :ile ! we/]n coa/1 expos$ to ! ,gulf ,/ream1 & ba!d1 9 summ] at lea/1 by a va/ op5 ocean1 has long be5 trac$ 9 all its *ief outl9es on ! map4 ,! walrus-hunt] ,los*k9 is inde$ said to h sail$ along ! :ole ea/]n coa/ ( ,nova ,zembla 9 ! la/ c5tury1 b we h no au!ntic records ( 8 voyage1 & at a lat] p]iod ,rosmyssl[1 :o1 p5etrat+ ?r\gh ,ma!w's ,/raits1 or ,matos*k9 ,s*>1 f\nd ,nova ,zembla to consi/ ( two l>ge isl&s1 inve/igat$ b a small "p ( ^? unkn[n %ores4 ,f #ahai to #ahbd ! ,russian ,gov]nm5t s5t out no less ?an five exp$itions to ! sea ( ,k>a2 ! fam\s circumnavigator ,admiral ,ltke endeavor$ no less ?an f\r times to advance along ! ea/]n coa/ ( ,nova ,zembla1 b all ^! ef=ts prov$ fruitless aga9/ ! sup]ior p[] ( a /ormy & ice-block$ sea4 ,yet 9 spite ( ^! repeat$ failures1 two ent]pris+ m5--,klok[1 a *ief inspector ( =e/s1 & ,br&t1 a ri* m]*ant ( ,ar*angel--fitt$ out ?ree %ips 9 #ahcb = ! purpose ( solv+ ! my/]ies ( ! sea ( ,k>a4 ,"o ( ^! vessels1 comm&$ by ,lieut5ant ,krot[1 0 to p5etrate ?r\gh ,ma!w's ,/raits1 &1 hav+ rea*$ _! ea/]n outlet1 to sail !nce across ! sea to ! m\? ( ! ,obi & ! ,j5issei2 b no?+ m 0 he>d ( ! ill-fat$ %ip aft] h] fir/ sep>ation f h] companions at ,kan9 ,nos4 ,! second %ip1 :i* 0 to sail along ! we/]n coa/ ( ,nova ,zembla1 &1 if possible1 to r\nd its nor!rn extremity1 0 m =tunate1 = ?\gh x nev] rea*$ t po9t1 x return$ home ) a ri* c>go ( walrus-tee?4 ,! ?ird %ip1 f9ally1 "u ,pa*tuss['s comm&1 0 to p5etrate ?r\gh ! gate ( ,k>a1 & f !nce to proce$ along ! ea/]n coa/4 ,:5 ,pa*tuss[1 accord+ to 8 in/ructions1 _h rea*$ ! /raits1 all 8 ef=ts to effect a passage prov$ ineffectual4 ,x 0 9 va9 he m ?an once /e]$ to ! ea/2 ! /ormy wea!r & l>ge masses ( drift ice con/antly ?rew him back1 ! %ort summ] approa*$ its end1 & ?us he 0 oblig$ to put (f all fur!r attempts to ! next ye>1 & to settle = ! w9t] 9 ,rocky ,bay )9 ! gate ( ,k>a4 ,a small hut 0 built out ( ! drift-wood f\nd on ! spot1 & jo9$ by means ( a gall]y ( sail-clo? to a ba?+-room1 t indisp5sable com=t ( a ,russian4 ,! lay+ ( traps1 9 :i* _m ,arctic foxes 7 caught1 & ! c>ry+ ( ! wood1 :i* _h sometimes to be fet*$ f a di/ance ( t5 v]/s1 occupi$ ! crew dur+ fair wea!r4 ,9 ,april a p>ty "u ,pa*tuss['s comm& set out = ! purpose ( explor+ ! we/]n coa/4 ,on ?is exp$ition !y 7 ov]tak5 on ! tw5ty-f\r? day ( ! mon? by a t]rible sn[/orm1 :i* oblig$ !m to ?r[ !mselves flat ^u ! gr\nd to avoid be+ swept away by ! w9d4 ,!y rema9$ ?ree days )\t food "u ! sn[1 z x 0 impossible = !m to rea* ! dpt ( provisions buri$ a few v]/s (f4 ,on ,june #bd ! gate ( ,k>a 0 at l5g? op51 & ,pa*tuss[ w\ld gladly h sail$ ?r\gh ! passage1 b 8 %ip 0 fa/ 9 ! ice4 ,he !re=e resolv$1 9 ord] to make ! be/ use ( 8 "t1 to exam9e ! ea/]n coa/ 9 a boat1 & rea*$ 9 ?is mann] ! small ,saw9a ,riv]1 :]e he f\nd a wood5 cross ) ! date ( #agdb4 ,mo/ likely x _h be5 plac$ !re by ,los*k91 8 pr$ecessor on ! pa? ( discov]y4 ,he n[ return$ ) 8 boat to ! %ip1 :i*1 aft] an imprisonm5t ( #big days1 0 at l5g?1 ,july #aa1 able to leave ! bay4 ,on ,/adolski ,isl&1 ne> ,cape ,m5s*ik(f1 !y f\nd a wret*$ hut1 :i* prov$ t !y 7 n ! fir/ to p5etrate into ^! des]ts4 ,b ! hut 0 t5antless1 & a numb] ( human bones 7 /rewn ov] ! gr\nd4 ,"o ( ,pa*tuss['s companions n[ relat$ t 9 #ahbb a ,samoj$e1 nam$ ,mawei1 _h gone ) 8 wife & *ildr5 to ,nova ,zembla1 & _h nev] return$4 ,on ga!r+ ! bones1 !y 7 f\nd to compose ! skeletons ( two *ildr5 & ( a woman1 b no rema9s c\ld be discov]$ ( ! man4 ,mo/ likely ! un=tunate savage _h be5 surpris$ by a sn[/orm1 or _h fall5 a prey to a hungry ice-be>1 on "o ( 8 excursions1 & 8 family1 depriv$ ( _! support1 _h di$ ( hung] 9 ! hut4 ,on ,july #ai !y rea*$ ! riv] ,/aw951 & on ! #ba/ ,ltke's ,bay1 :]e a numb] ( :ite dolph9s & seals ( an unkn[n species 7 f\nd4 ,"h contr>y w9ds arre/$ ! progress ( ! navigators dur+ eighte5 days4 ,on ,augu/ #ac ,pa*tuss[ ent]$ ,matos*k9 ,s*>1 & rea*$ its we/]n m\? on ! #ai?4 ,?us he succe$$ at lea/ 9 circumnavigat+ ! s\!rn isl&1 :i* no "o _h a*iev$ be=e him1 & z 8 exhau/$ provisions did n all[ him to sp5d a second w9t] 9 ,nova ,zembla1 he resolv$ to return at once to ,ar*angel4 ,b contr>y w9ds drove him to ! isl& ( ,kolgujew1 & !nce to ! m\? ( ! ,pets*ora1 :]e1 on ,septemb] #c1 a dreadful /orm at l5g? %att]$ 8 crazy vessel4 ,! crew f\nd refuge 9 a hut1 b ?is also 0 fill$ by ! wat]2 s t !y _h to wade sev]al v]/s be=e !y c\ld rea* ! dry l&4 ,pa*tuss[ n[ travell$ by way ( ,ar*angel & ,onega to ,/4 ,pet]sburg1 :]e he communicat$ ! results ( 8 j\rney to ! ,m9i/] ( ,m>9e1 :o gave him a mo/ flatt]+ reception1 well m]it$ by 8 ability & c\rage4 ,! success he _h already obta9$ enc\rag$ ! hope t a second exp$ition w\ld be able to complete ! und]tak+1 & consequ5tly1 by an imp]ial ord]1 ! s*oon] ,krot[ & a transport 7 fitt$ out1 ) :i* ,pa*tuss[ once m sail$ f ! port ( ,ar*angel on ,augu/ #e4 ,8 in/ructions 7 to w9t] 9 ,ma!w's ,/raits1 & !nce to attempt 9 ! foll[+ summ] ! exploration ( ! ea/]n coa/ ( ! nor!rn isl&4 ,! w9t] hut he built at ! we/]n entrance ( ! /raits 0 ready = 8 reception by ,octob] #bj4 ,x 0 ( /ately dim5sions1 = a ,nova ,zembla resid5ce--#be feet long1 #ba broad1 #h feet high 9 ! c5tre1 #e at ! sides1 & consi/$ ( two comp>tm5ts1 "o = ! (fic]s & ! o!r = ! crew4 ,!y f\nd ! cold v endurable1 b 7 r incommod$ by ! smoke1 :i* did n always f9d a ready passage ?r\gh ! op5+ 9 ! ro(4 ,sometimes ! sn[ accumulat$ 9 su* masses1 or ! /orm rag$ s furi\sly r\nd ! hut1 t !y c\ld n leave x = eight days runn+1 & frequ5tly ! hole 9 ! ro( _h to s]ve !m = a door4 ,elev5 :ite be>s 7 kill$ ab\t ! hut dur+ ! w9t]2 "o on ! ro(1 ano!r 9 ! passage4 ,pa*tuss[1 well aw>e t occupation is ! be/ rem$y aga9/ melan*oly1 kept 8 crew 9 con/ant activity4 ,!y 7 oblig$ to fet* wood f di/ances ( t5 or elev5 v]/s1 n seldom dur+ a cold ( -#cf1 :i*1 ?anks to _! ?ick fur dresses1 !y bore rem>kably well1 p>ticul>ly z a temp]ature l[] ?an -#be nev] occurr$1 unless dur+ p]fectly calm wea!r4 ,he also made !m lay fox-traps at consid]able di/ances f ! hut1 & amus$ !m ) %oot+ at a m>k & gymna/ic ex]cises4 ,by ?is means he succe$$ 9 pres]v+ _! heal?1 & w>d+ (f ! attacks ( ! scurvy4 ,z e>ly z ,april ! indefatigable ,pa*tuss[ fitt$ out two sl$ge-p>ties1 = ! exploration ( ! ea/]n coa/4 ,! "o1 consi/+ ( sev5 m51 he comm&$ 9 p]son2 ! o!r 0 l$ by ! /e]sman ,ziwolka4 ,bo? p>ties travell$ 9 company z f> z ! ea/]n entrance ( ! /raits1 :]e "o ( ! huts 9 :i* ,rosmyssl[ _h w9t]$ sev5ty ye>s be=e 0 /ill f\nd 9 a good condition4 ,pa*tuss[ n[ return$ = ! purpose ( accurately survey+ ! /raits1 :ile ,ziwolka proce$$ along ! ea/ coa/1 ) a small t5t & provisions = a mon?4 ,all 8 m5 _h ,samoj$e dresses1 b !y 7 already s h>d5$ t !y did n we> ! upp] coat ) ! hood ev5 dur+ ! night1 al?\gh sn[-/orms n seldom occurr$4 ,once _! boots 7 froz5 s h>d t !y c\ld n pull !m (f be=e !y _h be5 previ\sly ?aw$1 & z drift-wood 0 n[h]e to be f\nd1 !y 7 oblig$ to burn ! poles ( _! t5t1 & to keep _! feet ov] ! fire until ! lea!r became s(t4 ,on ,may #ah1 ! ?irty-f\r? day ( 8 j\rney1 ,ziwolka return$ to 8 comm&]1 aft] hav+ explor$ ! ea/ coa/ nor?w>d to a di/ance ( #aej v]/s4 ,mean:ile ,pa*tuss[ _h be5 busy build+ a boat eighte5 feet long1 ) :i* he int5d$ to proce$ along ! we/]n coa/ to ! nor!rn extremity ( ! isl&1 &1 ! elem5ts p]mitt+1 to return to ! /raits along its ea/]n %ores4 ,ab\t ! beg9n+ ( ,june ! migratory birds made _! appe>ance1 & introduc$ a v agreeable *ange 9 ! monoton\s f>e ( ! navigators1 :o1 a few weeks lat]1 enjoy$ ! sight ( bloom+ fl[]s1 & ga!r$ antiscorbutic h]bs 9 l>ge quantities4 ,?us ! high nor!rn l& _h assum$ its mo/ fri5dly aspect1 & look$ z *e]fully z x possibly c\ld1 :51 on ,july #aa1 ,pa*tuss[ & ,ziwolka set out = ! nor? ) ! boat & ! transport1 ! s*oon] be+ left beh9d 9 ! /raits ) ! surgeon & a few invalids4 ,at fir/ ! w9d & wea!r favor$ _! c\rse1 b on ,july #ba ! boat 0 sma%$ betwe5 two pieces ( ice1 s t !y _h h>dly "t to escape ^u ! l& ) ! nautical in/rum5ts1 a sack ( fl\r1 & "s butt]4 ,9 ?is unpleasant situation !y 7 oblig$ to rema9 = ?irte5 days1 until at la/ a walrus-hunt] appe>$1 :o took ! %ipwreck$ explor]s on bo>d1 & br\ght !m safely back to _! w9t]-qu>t]s on ,augu/ #bb4 ,?us ?is fir/ attempt end$ 9 complete disappo9tm5t1 & ! season 0 already too f> advanc$ to p]mit ( its r5ewal4 ,yet ,pa*tuss[1 resolv+ ) praisewor?y zeal to make ! mo/ ( ! la/ days ( ! %ort summ]1 set out aga9 on ,augu/ #bf = ! ea/]n entrance ( ! /raits1 & proce$$ along ! coa/1 until he 0 /opp$ by ! ice at "s di/ance beyond ! small isl&s :i* be> 8 "n4 ,conv9c$ ( ! fruitlessness ( all fur!r ef=ts1 ,pa*tuss[ bade adieu ) a sorr[ful he>t to ! coa/1 :i* /ill /ret*$ out be=e him 9 undiscov]$ my/]y1 & sail$ back aga9 to ,ar*angel on ,septemb] #bj4 ,soon aft] 8 return he fell ill1 & f\r weeks lat] 8 m\rn+ fri5ds c>ri$ him to 8 grave4 ,! ,arctic ,ocean is s caprici\s t 9 ! foll[+ ye> ! walrus-hunt] ,issak[1 ( ,kem1 :o _h no discov]ies 9 view1 0 able to r\nd )\t difficulty ! nor?-ea/]n extremity ( ,nova ,zembla1 b1 fe>ful ( enc\nt]+ ! dang]s ( t dreadful coa/1 he almo/ imm$iately return$4 ,dur+ ! two w9t]s he sp5t 9 ,nova ,zembla1 ! /e]sman ,ziwolka _h daily consult$ ! !rmomet]1 & ! result ( 8 obs]vations gave to ! we/]n entrance ( ,ma!w's ,/raits a mean annual temp]ature ( #ag4 ,?us ,nova ,zembla is cold] ?an ! we/ coa/ ( ,spitzb]g51 :i*1 al?\gh /ill f>!r to ! nor?1 is m favorably situat$ ) reg>d to ! w9ds & curr5ts1 & f five to t5 degrees w>m] ?an ! high nor!rn p>ts ( ,sib]ia & cont95tal ,am]ica1 :i* su/a9 a comp>atively num]\s population1 :ile ,nova ,zembla is un9habit$4 ,h5ce ?is want1 & ! circum/ance t ! vegetation ( ^! isl&s sc>cely rises a span above ! gr\nd1 :ile ! =e/ region /ill p5etrates f> )9 ! conf9es ( ! cold] cont95tal regions above m5tion$1 are to be ascrib$ n to ! l[ mean annual temp]ature ( ,nova ,zembla1 b to ! unfavorable di/ribution ( w>m? ov] ! v>i\s seasons ( ! ye>4 ,= al?\gh high ,nor!rn ,sib]ia & ,am]ica h a f> cold] w9t]1 !y enjoy a consid]ably w>m] summ]1 & ?is x is :i* 9 ! high] latitudes det]m9es ! exi/5ce or ! developm5t ( life on ! dry l&4 ,dur+ ! w9t] ! organic _w is p>tly %elt]$ "u ! sn[1 or else x migrates1 or x produces )9 itself suffici5t w>m? to defy ! cold--& ?us a few degrees m or less at t "t ( ! ye> are ( no mat]ial consequ5ce1 :ile ! w>m? ( summ] is absolutely indisp5sable to awak5 life & det]m9e its developm5t4 ,! comp>atively mild w9t] ( ,nova ,zembla 7no less ?an ?irty-?ree degrees w>m] ?an t ( ,jakutsk7 is !re=e ( b little b5efit to vegetable life1 :i* on ! o!r h& suff]s consid]ably f a summ] inf]ior ev5 to t ( ,melville ,isl& & ,boo?ia ,felix4 ,a coa/ :]e ! sun1 9 spite ( a day ( sev]al mon?s' cont9uance1 g5]ates s small a quantity ( heat1 & :]e yet "s vegetation is able to fl\ri%1 mu/ necess>ily be well wor?y ! att5tion ( botani/s1 or r ( all ^? :o take an int]e/ 9 ! geographical di/ribution ( plants4 ,= if 9 ! primitive =e/s ( ,brazil ! naturali/ admires ! effects ( a tropical sun & an excessive humidity 9 produc+ ! utmo/ exub]ance ( vegetation1 x is no less int]e/+ = him to obs]ve h[ ,flora "u ! mo/ adv]se circum/ances /ill wages a successful w> aga9/ dea? & de/ruction4 ,?us a few ye>s aft] ,pa*tuss['s exp$ition1 ! desire to explore a l& s rem>kable 9 a botanical po9t ( view1 & to ga!r new fruits = sci5ce 9 ! wild]ness1 induc$ ,h]r von ,ba]1 ?\gh already advanc$ 9 ye>s1 to und]take ! j\rney to ,nova ,zembla4 ,accompani$ by two y\ng] naturali/s1 ,mr4 ,lehmann & ,mr4 ,rd]1 ! celebrat$ ,pet]sburg academician arriv$ on ,july #bi1 #ahcg1 at ! we/]n entrance ( ,ma!w's ,/raits1 sail$ ?r\gh !m ! next day 9 a boat1 & rea*$ ! sea ( ,k>a1 :]e he admir$ a prodigi\s numb] ( jelly-fi%es 7,pleurobra*ia pileus7 swimm+ ab\t 9 ! ice-cold wat]s1 & display+ a m>vell\s beauty ( color+ 9 _! ciliat$ ribs4 ,?is excursion might1 h[ev]1 h _h v disagreeable consequ5ces1 = a dreadful /orm1 bl[+ f ! we/1 prev5t$ _! boat f return+1 & =c$ !m to pass ! night ) "s walrus-hunt]s1 :om !y _h ! good-=tune to meet )4 ,on ! foll[+ day ! /orm abat$1 s t ! return c\ld be attempt$2 !y 71 h[ev]1 oblig$ to l& on a small isl& 9 ! ,beluga ,bay1 :]e1 wet to ! sk91 & _! limbs %ak+ ) cold1 !y =tunately f\nd a refuge 9 ! ru9s ( a hut 9 :i* ,rosmyssl[ _h w9t]$ 9 #agfg4 ,mean:ile ! w9d _h ve]$ to ! ea/1 accompani$ by a v disagreeable cold ra91 :i* on ! m\nta9s took ! =m ( sn[2 !y 7 n[1 h[ev]1 able to make use ( _! sail1 & arriv$ late at night at ! spot :]e _! %ip lay at an*or1 completely wet1 b 9 good heal? & spirits4 8,we c\ld e/eem ourselves happy10 says ,von ,ba]1 89 hav+ paid s slight a p5alty = neglect+ ! precaution1 s necess>y to all travell]s 9 ,nova ,zembla1 ( provid+ = a week :5 y set out = a day's excursion40 ,on ,augu/ #d1 aft] a ?or\gh botanical exam9ation ( ! /raits1 ! p>ty proce$$ along ! we/ coa/4 ,! w9d1 bl[+ f ! nor?1 br\ght !m to ! ,ko/9 ,s*>1 a maze ( passages betwe5 num]\s islets1 :]e ! walrus-hunt]s 9 ,nova ,zembla *iefly assemble4 ,on ,augu/ #i an excursion 0 made up ! riv] ,ne*wat[a1 :]e !y re/$ 9 a hut :i* _h be5 erect$ by "s fi%]man employ$ 9 cat*+ 8golzi10 or ,arctic salmon4 ,on return+ to ! %ip1 a dreadful /orm arose f ! nor?-ea/1 :i* la/$ n9e days1 &1 v =tunately = ! botani/s1 caught !m 9 ! ,ko/9 ,s*>1 & n on ! high sea4 ,al?\gh !y 7 an*or$ 9 a %elt]$ bay1 ! waves frequ5tly swept ov] ! deck ( _! vessel1 & compell$ !m to rema9 all ! "t 9 _! small1 l[ cab94 ,only once !y made an attempt to l&1 b ! w9d 0 s /rong t !y c\ld h>dly /&4 ,_! situation 0 r5d]$ /ill m t]rible & anxi\s1 z "p ( ! crew :i* _h be5 s5t out hunt+ be=e ! /orm began _h n yet return$4 ,:5 at la/ ! /orm ceas$1 w9t] seem$ ab\t to beg9 9 good e>ne/4 ,e night ice =m$ 9 ! riv]1 & ! l& 0 cov]$ ) sn[1 :i* _h surpris$ ! scanty vegetation 9 its full bloom4 ,at l5g? ! hunt]s return$1 aft] hav+ endur$ t]rible h>d%ips1 & n[ prep>ations 7 made = a def9itive dep>ture4 ,a g5]al ba? 0 tak51 )\t :i* no an*orage 9 ,nova ,zembla is ev] left1 &1 accord+ to anci5t cu/om1 a votive cross 0 likewise erect$ on ! /r&1 z a memorial ( ! exp$ition4 ,on ,augu/ #bh ! an*ors 7 weigh$1 b !y 7 soon dropp$ aga9 9 ! ,s*>1 to exam9e on a small isl& ! vegetable & animal products ( ! l& & ( ! %ore4 ,! =m] (f]$ b few objects ( int]e/1 b !y 7 a/oni%$ at ! exub]ance ( m>9e life4 ,aft] hav+ be5 deta9$ by a ?ick fog 9 ?is place = sev]al days1 !y at l5g? sail$ t[>ds ! ,:ite ,sea1 :]e !y 7 oblig$ by contr>y w9ds to run into ,tri ,o/r[a4 ,dre>y & desolate z ! tundras at ?is extreme po9t ( ,lapl& _h appe>$ to !m on _! j\rney outw>d1 !y 7 n[ *>m$ ) _! gre5 slopes1 a sight ( :i* !y _h be5 depriv$ 9 ,nova ,zembla4 ,on ,septemb] #aa !y at l5g? rea*$ ! port ( ,ar*angel1 ) ! agreeable prospect ( pass+ ! w9t] 9 a com=table /udy at ,/4 ,pet]sburg in/ead ( sp5d+ x1 l ,b>5tz & 8 associates1 z might easily h happ5$1 9 a wret*$ hut beyond ! #gj? degree ( nor!rn latitude4 ,hav+ ?us briefly sket*$ ,von ,ba]'s adv5tures1 ,i w n[ notice "s ( ! mo/ int]e/+ sci5tific results ( 8 j\rney4 ,! rocky we/ coa/ ( ,nova ,zembla has ab\t ! same appe>ance z ! analog\s "p ( ,spitzb]g51 = "h also ! m\nta9s1 p>ticul>ly 9 ! nor!rn isl&1 rise abruptly to a height ( ?ree or f\r ?\s& feet f ! sea1 :ile ! ea/]n coa/ is g5]ally flat4 ,9 bo? c\ntries1 angul> blocks ( /one1 precipitat$ f ! summits1 cov] ! sides ( ! hills1 & frequ5tly make x impossible to asc5d !m4 ,9 fact1 no rock1 h[ev] h>d or f9ely gra9$1 is able to )/& ! effects ( a climate :]e ! summ] is s wet & ! w9t] s sev]e4 ,n[h]e 9 ,nova ,zembla is a grass-cov]$ spot to be f\nd des]v+ ! "n ( a mead[4 ,ev5 ! foliace\s li*5s1 :i* gr[ s luxuriantly 9 ,lapl&1 h "h a /unt$ appe>ance2 b1 z ,von ,ba] rem>ks1 ?is is ow+ less to ! climate ?an to ! nature ( ! soil1 z plants ( ?is description ?rive be/ on *alky gr\nd4 ,! cru/ace\s li*5s1 h[ev]1 cov] ! blocks ( augite & porphyry ) a motley ve/ure1 & ! d+y c>pet ) :i* ,dryas octopetala inve/s "h & !re ! dry slopes1 =m$ ( rocky detritus1 rem9ds "o ( ! tundras ( ,lapl&4 ,! scanty vegetable cov]+ :i* ?is only true social plant ( ,nova ,zembla af=ds is1 h[ev]1 b an in* ?ick1 & c easily be deta*$ l a cap f ! rock b5ea?4 ,on a clayey gr\nd 9 moi/ & l[ situations1 ! mosses af=d a protection to ! pol> will[ 7,salix pol>is71 :i* raises b two leaves & a catk9 ov] ! surface ( its cov]+4 ,ev5 ! mo/ sp>+ %eet ( humus has great difficulty to =m 9 ,nova ,zembla1 z 9 a great numb] ( ! plants :i* gr[ !re ! discolor$ leaf dries on ! /alk1 & is !n swept away by ! w9ds1 s t ! l& w\ld appe> /ill m nak$ if _m plants1 su* z ! sn[ ranunculus 7,ranunculus nivalis71 7 n s extremely ab/emi\s z to require no humus at all1 b m]ely a rocky crevice or "s loose gravel capable ( reta9+ moi/ure 9 its int]/ices4 ,b ev5 9 ,nova ,zembla !re are "s m favor$ spots4 ,?us :5 ,von ,ba] l&$ at ! foot ( a high slate m\nta9 front+ ! s\?-we/1 & reflect+ ! rays ( ! sun1 he 0 a/oni%$ & delight$ to see a gay mixture ( purple sil5es1 gold5 ranunculuses1 pea*-color$ p>ryas1 :ite c]a/ias1 & blue palemones1 & 0 p>ticul>ly pleas$ at f9d+ ! well-kn[n =get-me-n among ! ornam5ts ( ?is ,arctic pa/ure4 ,betwe5 ^! v>i\s fl[]s ! soil 0 ev]y:]e visible1 = ! dicotyl$on\s plants ( ! high latitudes produce no m foliage ?an is necess>y to set (f ! colors ( ! blossoms1 & h g5]ally m fl[]s ?an leaves4 ,! entire vegetation ( ! isl& is conf9$ to ! sup]ficial lay] ( ! soil & to ! l[] /ratum ( ! air4 ,ev5 ^? plants :i* 9 w>m climates h a desc5d+ or v]tical root h "h a horizontal "o1 & none1 :e!r grasses or %rubs1 gr[ high] ?an a span above ! gr\nd4 ,9 ! pol> will[1 a s+le pair ( leaves sits on a /em ab\t z ?ick z a /raw1 al?\gh ! :ole plant =ms an ext5sive %rub ) num]\s ramifications4 ,ano!r species ( will[ 7,salix lanata7 atta9s ! consid]able height ( a span1 & is a p]fect giant among ! ,nova ,zembla plants1 = ! ?ick subt]ranean trunk sometimes measures two in*es 9 diamet]1 & c be laid b>e = a l5g? ( t5 or twelve feet )\t f9d+ ! end4 ,?us 9 ?is c\ntry ! =e/s are m 9 ?an above ! e>?4 ,?is horizontal developm5t ( vegetation is caus$ by ! sun pr9cipally heat+ ! sup]ficial %eet ( e>?1 :i* imp>ts its w>m? to ! /ratum ( air imm$iately above x1 & ?us conf9es ! plants )9 ! n>r[ limits :i* be/ suit _! gr[?4 ,h5ce also ! influ5ce ( position on vegetation is s great t1 :ile a pla9 op5 to ! w9ds is a complete des]t1 a g5tle m\nta9 slope n seldom resembles a g>d54 ,! abs5ce ( all trees or %rubs1 or ev5 ( all vigor\s h]bage1 imp>ts a "* ( ! deepe/ solitude to ! ,nova ,zembla l&scape1 & inspires ev5 ! r\gh sailor ) a k9d ( religi\s awe4 8,x is10 says ,von ,ba]1 8z if ! dawn ( creation _h b j begun1 & life 7 /ill to be call$ into exi/5ce40 ,! univ]sal sil5ce is b r>ely brok5 by ! noise ( an animal4 ,b nei!r ! cry ( ! sea-mew1 :eel+ 9 ! air1 nor ! ru/l+ ( ! lemm+ 9 ! /unt$ h]bage are able to animate ! sc5e4 ,no voice is he>d 9 calm wea!r4 ,! r>e l&-birds are sil5t z well z ! insects1 :i* are comp>atively /ill few] 9 numb]4 ,?is tranquillity ( nature1 p>ticul>ly dur+ s]5e days1 rem9ds ! spectator ( ! quiet ( ! grave2 & ! lemm+s seem l phantoms z !y glide noiselessly f burr[ to burr[4 ,9 our fields ev5 a slight motion ( ! air becomes visible 9 ! foliage ( ! trees or 9 ! wav+ ( ! corn2 "h ! l[ plants are s /iff & immovable t "o might suppose !m to be pa9t$4 ,! r>e s&-bee 7,&r5a71 :i* on sunny days & 9 w>m places flies ab\t ) languid w+s1 has sc>cely ! _s to hum1 & ! flies & gnats1 ?\gh m frequ5t1 are equally feeble & in(f5sive4 ,z a pro( ( ! r>ity ( insects 9 ,nova ,zembla1 ,von ,ba] m5tions t n a s+le l>va 0 to be f\nd 9 a dead walrus :i* _h be5 ly+ at lea/ f\rte5 days on ! %ore4 ,! hackney$ phrase ( our fun]al s]mons c n !re=e be appli$ to ^! high latitudes1 :]e ev5 above ! e>? ! decay ( bodies is extremely sl[4 ,h[ev] poor ! vegetation ( ,nova ,zembla may be1 x /ill suffices to n\ri% a numb] ( lemm+s1 :i* live on leaves1 /ems1 & buds1 b n on roots4 ,! slopes ( ! m\nta9s are (t5 und]m9$ 9 all directions by _! burr[s4 ,next to ^! lemm+s1 ! ,arctic foxes are ! mo/ num]\s quadrup$s1 z !y f9d pl5ty ( food 9 ! above-m5tion$ little rod5ts1 z well z 9 ! "y birds1 & 9 ! bodies ( ! m>9e animals :i* are ca/ a%ore by ! tides4 ,:ite be>s are sc>cely ev] se5 dur+ ! summ]1 & ! re9de] seems to h decreas$ 9 numb]s1 at lea/ on ! we/ coa/1 :]e !y are frequ5tly %ot by ! ,russian morse-hunt]s4 ,! ho/s ( sea-birds 9 "s p>ts ( ! coa/ prove t ! wat]s are f> m prolific ?an ! l&4 ,! fooli% guillemots 7,uria troile71 closely congregat$ 9 r[s1 "o above ! o!r1 on ! n>r[ l$ges ( v]tical rock-walls1 make ! black /one appe> /rip$ ) :ite4 ,su* a bre$+-place is call$ by ! ,russians a baz>4 ,on ! summit ( isolat$ cliffs1 & suff]+ no o!r bird 9 8 vic9ity1 ne/les ! l>ge gray sea-mew 7,l>us glaucus71 to :om ! ,dut* :ale-cat*]s h giv5 ! "n ( 8burgh]ma/]40 ,:ile ! ice-be> is mon>* ( ! l& animals1 ?is gull appe>s z ! sov]eign "l ( all ! sea-birds ar\nd1 & no guillemot w\ld v5ture to dispute ! possession ( a da9ty morsel claim$ by ! imp]i\s burgh]ma/]4 ,?is abundance ( ! sea has also attract$ man to ! des]t %ores ( ,nova ,zembla4 ,long be=e ,b>5tz made ,we/]n ,europe acqua9t$ ) ! exi/5ce ( ,nova ,zembla 7#aeid-if71 ! l& 0 kn[n to ! ,russians z a valuable hunt+ or fi%+ gr\nd2 = ! ,dut* discov]] met ) a l>ge numb] ( _! vessels on its coa/4 ,burr\gh1 :o visit$ ! port ( ,kola 9 #aeef1 9 se>* ( ! un=tunate ,will\ghby1 & !nce sail$ z f> z ! m\? ( ! ,pets*ora1 likewise saw 9 ! gulf ( ,kola no less ?an ?irty lodjes1 all de/9$ = walrus-hunt+ 9 ,nova ,zembla4 ,:e!r1 be=e ! ,russians1 ! adv5tur\s ,norsem5 ev] visit$ ^! desolate isl&s1 is unkn[n1 b s mu* is c]ta91 t ev] s9ce ! times ( ,b>5tz ! exp$itions ( ! ,muscovites to its we/]n coa/ h be5 un9t]rupt$ly cont9u$4 ,z is ! case ) all fi%+ speculations1 _! success v mu* dep5ds ^u *ance4 ,! ye> #ahcd 0 v lucrative1 s t 9 ! foll[+ season ab\t eighty %ips1 ) at lea/ #ajjj m5 on bo>d1 sail$ = ,nova ,zembla f ! ports ( ! ,:ite ,sea1 b ?is "t ! results 7 s unsatisfactory t 9 #ahcf sc>ce half ! numb] 7 fitt$ out4 ,9 #ahcg no m ?an tw5ty vessels 7 employ$1 & ,von ,ba] relates t b "o ( !m :i* p5etrat$ into ! sea ( ,k>a made a consid]able pr(it1 :ile all ! re/1 ) b few exceptions1 did n pay "o-half ( _! exp5ses4 ,! mo/ valuable animals are ! walrus & ! :ite dolph91 or beluga4 ,among ! seals1 ! ,phoca albig5a ( ,pallas di/+ui%es itself by its size1 ! ?ickness ( its sk91 & its quantity ( fat2 ,phoca grnl&ica & ,phoca hispida rank next 9 e/imation4 ,! ,gre5l& :ale nev] ext5ds 8 excursions to ! wat]s ( ,nova ,zembla1 b ! f9-back & ! grampus are frequ5tly se54 ,! ,alp9e salmon 7,salmo alp9us71 :i* t[>ds autumn asc5ds into ! m\nta9-lakes1 is caught 9 incr$ible numb]s2 &1 f9ally1 ! bean-goose 7,ans] segetum7 bre$s s frequ5tly1 at lea/ ^u ! s\!rn isl&1 t ! ga!r+ ( its quill-fea!rs is an object ( "s importance4 ,,*apt] ,,xii4 ,,! ,,lapps4 ,_! anci5t ,hi/ory & ,conv]sion to ,*ri/ianity4--,self-d5ial & ,pov]ty ( ! ,lapl& ,cl]gy4--,_! s+ul> ,mode ( ,prea*+4--,gross ,sup]/ition ( ! ,lapps4--,! ,evil ,_s ( ! ,woods4--,! ,lapl& ,wit*es4--,physical ,con/itution ( ! ,lapps4--,_! ,dress4--,! ,fjlllapp>s4--,_! ,dwell+s4-- ,/ore-h\ses4--,re9de] ,p5s4--,milk+ ! ,re9de]4-- ,migration4--,! ,lapl& ,dog4--,skid]s1 or ,skates4--,! ,sl$ge1 or ,pulka4--,natural ,beauties ( ,lapl&4--,atta*m5t ( ! ,lapps to _! ,c\ntry4--,be>-hunt+4--,wolf-hunt+4--,mo de ( ,liv+ ( ! weal?y ,lapps4--,h[ !y kill ! ,re9de]4--,visit+ ! ,fair4--,mammon ,wor%ip4--,treasure-hid+4--8,tabak1 or ,bra5de40-- ,affectionate ,disposition ( ! ,lapps4--,! ,skogslapp4--,! ,fi%]lapp4 ,! nation ( ! ,lapps spreads ov] ! nor!rn p>ts ( ,sc&9avia & ,f9l& f ab\t ! #fc;d degree ( latitude to ! conf9es ( ! ,pol> ,ocean2 b _! numb]1 h>dly am\nt+ to m ?an tw5ty ?\s&1 be>s no proportion to ! ext5t ( ! va/ regions 9 :i* !y are f\nd4 ,al?\gh n[ subject to ! cr[ns ( ,russia1 ,sw$51 & ,norway1 !y anci5tly possess$ ! :ole ,sc&9avian p59sula1 until ! sons ( ,od9 drove !m f>!r & f>!r to ! nor?1 &1 tak+ possession ( ! coa/s & valleys1 left !m no?+ b ! bleak m\nta9 & ! desolate tundra4 ,9 ! ?irte5? c5tury1 "u ! reign ( ,magnus ,ladislas1 ,k+ ( ,sw$51 _! subjugation 0 complet$ by ! ,birk>ls1 a race dwell+ on ! bord]s ( ! ,bo?nian ,gulf4 ,^! ,birk>ls _h to pay ! cr[n a slight tribute1 :i* !y wrung m ?an a hundr$-fold f ! ,lapps1 until at l5g? ,gu/avus ,i4 grant$ ! p]secut$ savages ! protection ( m equitable laws1 & s5t mission>ies among !m to relieve !m at ! same "t f ! yoke ( _! anci5t sup]/itions4 ,9 #afjj ,*>les ,,ix4 ord]$ *ur*es to be built 9 _! c\ntry1 &1 "s ye>s aft]1 8 son & successor1 ! celebrat$ ,gu/avus ,adolphus1 f\nd$ a s*ool = ! ,lapps at ,pitea1 & ord]$ sev]al elem5t>y works to be translat$ into _! language4 ,9 ! ye> #afjb1 ,*ri/ian ,,iv41 ,k+ ( ,d5m>k & ,norway1 :ile on a visit to ! prov9ce ( ,f9m>k1 0 s inc5s$ at ! gross idolatry ( ! ,lapps t he ord]$ _! prie/s or sorc]]s to be p]secut$ ) bloody sev]ity4 ,a wor?y cl]gyman1 ,eric ,br$al1 ( ,dron!im1 us$ means m consonant ) ! _s ( ! ,gospel1 &1 hav+ in/ruct$ sev]al "y ,lapps1 s5t !m back aga9 z mission>ies to _! families4 ,^! int]pret]s ( a pur] fai? 71 h[ev]1 receiv$ z apo/ates & traitors by _! suspici\s c\ntrym51 & cruelly murd]$1 mo/ likely at ! in/igation ( ! sorc]]s4 ,9 #agjg ,fr$]ic ,,iv4 f\nd$ ! ,f9m>k mission1 & 9 #agaf ,?omas ,we/51 a man ( r>e zeal & p]sev]ance1 prea*$ ! ,gospel 9 ! wilde/ di/ricts ( ! prov9ce4 ,o!r mission>ies & tea*]s foll[$ 8 example1 & at l5g? succe$$ 9 conv]t+ ! ,lapps1 & 9 "s measure conqu]+ _! anci5t b>b>ism4 ,no?+ c be m admirable ?an ! self-d5ial & h]oic =titude ( ^! m9i/]s ( ,*ri/1 = to r5\nce all t is preci\s 9 ! eyes ( ! _w to foll[ nomads little bett] ?an savages ?r\gh ! wilds ( an ,arctic c\ntry surely requires a c\rage n inf]ior to t ( ! soldi] ,:o seeks pref]m5t at ! cannon's m\?4 ,! ,lapl& s*oolma/] enjoys an annual sal>y ( tw5ty-five doll>s1 & receives besides half a doll> = e *ild in/ruct$4 ,b ! prie/ is n mu* bett] (f1 z 8 /ip5d am\nts to no m ?an ?irty doll>s 9 money1 & to ab\t #aej doll>s 9 produce4 ,among ?is mis]ably paid cl]gy !re are1 z 9 ,icel&1 m5 wor?y ( a bett] lot4 ,! fam\s ,l/adius 0 prie/ at ,k>esu&o1 sev5ty-five leagues f ,troms1 ! ne>e/ t[n1 & a hundr$ leagues f ,tornea4 ,8 family liv$ ^u rye bread & fi%es1 & b r>ely ta/$ re9de] fle%4 ,*amisso m5tions ano!r ,lapl& prie/ :o _h sp5t sev5 ye>s 9 8 p>i%1 :i* lay beyond ! limits ( ! =e/ region4 ,9 ! summ] he 0 completely isolat$1 z !n ! ,lapps w&]$ ) _! h]ds to ! cool %ores ( ! icy sea2 & 9 ! w9t]1 :5 ! moon af=d$ light1 he travell$ ab\t 9 8 sl$ge1 frequ5tly biv\ack+ at ! temp]ature ( freez+ m]cury1 to visit 8 ,lapps4 ,dur+ all t "t 8 solitude _h be5 b twice brok5 by civiliz$ man2 a bro!r _h come to see him1 & a botani/ _h /ray$ to 8 dwell+4 ,he well knew h[ to appreciate ! pleasure ( su* meet+s1 b nei!r ?is pleasure nor any o!r1 he said1 0 equal to t ( see+ ! sun rise aga9 above ! horizon aft] ! long w9t]'s night4 ,x is a s+ul> cu/om t ! pa/ors prea*+ to ! ,lapps deliv] _! h>angues 9 a tone ( voice z elevat$ z if _! audi5ce1 in/ead ( be+ assembl$ 9 a small *apel1 7 /ation$ ^u ! top ( a di/ant m\nta91 & labor z if !y 7 go+ to bur/ a bloodvessel4 ,dr4 ,cl>ke1 :o li/5$ to "o ( ^! s]mons1 :i* la/$ "o h\r & tw5ty m9utes1 v5tur$ to ask ! reason ( ! v l\d tone ( voice us$ 9 prea*+4 ,! m9i/] said he 0 aw>e t x mu/ appe> extraord9>y to a /rang]1 b t1 if he 7 to address ! ,lapl&]s 9 a l[] key1 !y w\ld consid] him z a feeble & impot5t mission>y1 :olly unfit = 8 (fice1 & w\ld nev] come to *ur*2 t ! m]it & abilities ( ! prea*]1 l t ( _m a popul> politician1 are always e/imat$ by ! /r5g? & p[] ( 8 lungs4 ,?\gh ! ,lapps 7?anks to ! ef=ts ( _! spiritual guides7 h>dly ev5 rememb] by "n ! gods ( _! fa!rs--,aija1 ,akka1 ,tuona--!y /ill pay a secret homage to ! ,saidas1 or idols ( wood or /one1 to :om !y 7 accu/om$ to sacrifice ! bones & horns ( ! re9de]4 ,!y are 9 fact an extremely sup]/iti\s race1 fai?fully believ+ 9 gho/s1 wit*craft1 & above all 9 ,/allo1 or ,troll]1 ! evil _s ( ! woods4 ,_m ( !m1 :5 ab\t to g hunt+1 ?r[ a /ick into ! air1 & !n take _! way 9 ! direction to :i* x po9ts4 ,! appe>ance ( ! ,aurora borealis fills !m ) t]ror1 z !y believe x to be a sign ( div9e wra?1 & g5]ally %\t & h[l dur+ ! :ole duration ( ! gr& ph5om5on1 :i* _! ignorance connects ) _! own petty exi/5ce4 ,! pret5d$ gift ( be+ able to pr$ict future ev5ts is common among ! ,lapl&]s4 ,! sorc]]s fall into a magic sleep1 dur+ :i* _! s\l w&]s4 ,9 ?is /ate1 l ! somnambules ( m poli%$ nations1 !y reveal ?+s to come or see :at passes at a di/ance4 ,m5 & wom5 affect ! p[] ( =tune-tell+ by ! common trick ( palmi/ry1 or by ! inspection ( a cup ( liquor2 & ?is1 to insure ! greate/ possible c]ta9ty1 mu/ be a cup ( br&y1 :i* at once expla9s ! :ole bus9ess ( ! prophecy4 ,! ,lapl& wit*es pret5d$1 or p]haps /ill pret5d1 to ! p[] ( /ill+ ! w9d or caus+ ! ra9 to cease1 & su* 0 _! reputation t ,engli% seam5 trad+ to ,ar*angel made x a po9t to l& & buy a w9d f ^! poor creatures4 ,! ,lapps are a dw>fi% race4 ,on an av]age1 ! m5 d n exce$ five feet 9 height1 _m n ev5 rea*+ f\r1 & ! wom5 are consid]ably less4 ,mo/ ( !m are1 h[ev]1 v robu/1 ! circumf]5ce ( _! *e/ ne>ly equall+ _! height4 ,_! complexion is m or less tawny & copp]-color$1 _! hair d>k1 /raight1 & lank1 its dangl+ masses add+ mu* to ! wildness ( _! aspect4 ,!y h v little be>d1 & z its want is consid]$ a beauty1 ! "y m5 c>efully eradicate ! scanty supply giv5 !m by nature4 ,_! d>k pi]c+ eyes are g5]ally deep sunk 9 _! heads1 widely sep>at$ f ea* o!r1 &1 l ^? ( ! ,t>t>s or ,*9ese1 obliquely slit t[>ds ! temples4 ,! *eek-bones are high1 ! m\? p9*$ close1 b wide1 ! nose flat4 ,! eyes are g5]ally sore1 ei!r 9 consequ5ce ( ! bit+ smoke ( _! huts or ( ! refraction f ! sn[1 s t a ,lapp seldom atta9s a high age )\t becom+ bl9d4 ,_! c\nt5ances g5]ally pres5t a repulsive comb9ation ( /olidity1 l[ cunn+1 & ob/9acy4 ,hoggu]1 :o dwelt sev]al mon?s among !m1 & saw dur+ ?is "t at lea/ #hjj ,lapps1 f\nd n tw5ty :o 7 n decid$ly ugly2 & ,dr4 ,cl>ke says t _m ( !m1 :5 m advanc$ 9 ye>s1 might1 if exhibit$ 9 a m5ag]ie ( wild bea/s1 be consid]$ z ! long-lo/ l9k betwe5 man & ape4 ,_! legs are extremely ?ick & clumsy1 b _! h&s are z small & f9ely %ap$ z ^? ( any ari/ocrat4 ,! reason = ?is is t f g5]ation to g5]ation !y nev] p]=m any manual labor1 & ! v trifl+ "w :i* !y d is necess>ily ( ! lighte/ k9d4 ,_! limbs are s+ul>ly flexible1 easily fall+ into any po/ure1 l all ! ,ori5tal nations1 & _! h&s are con/antly occupi$ 9 ! beg9n+ ( conv]sation ) fill+ a %ort tobacco-pipe1 ! head be+ turn$ ov] "o %\ld] to ! p]son address$4 ,su* are ! traits by :i* ! :ole tribe is di/+ui%$ f ! o!r inhabitants ( ,europe1 & 9 :i* !y diff] f ! o!r natives ( ! l& 9 :i* !y live4 ,! summ] g>b ( ! m5 consi/s ( ! 8poesk10 a sort ( tunic1 g5]ally made ( a v co>se light-color$ wooll5 clo?1 rea*+ to ! knees1 & fa/5$ r\nd ! wai/ ) a belt or girdle4 ,_! wooll5 caps are %ap$ precisely l a night-cap1 or a ,turki% fez1 ) a r$ tassel & r$ wor/$ b& r\nd ! rim1 = !y are fond ( lively hues /rongly contra/$4 ,_! boots or %oes are made ( ! raw sk9 ( ! re9de]1 ) ! hair outw>d1 & h a peak$ %ape4 ,?\gh ^! %oes are v ?91 & ! ,lapp we>s no /ock+s1 yet he is nev] annoy$ by ! cold or by /rik+ aga9/ /ones1 z he /uffs !m ) ! broad leaves ( ! ,c>ex vesic>ia1 or cyp]us grass1 :i* he cuts 9 summ] & dries4 ,?is he fir/ combs & rubs 9 8 h&s1 & !n places x 9 su* a mann] t x cov]s n only 8 feet b 8 legs also1 &1 be+ ?us gu>d$1 he is q secure aga9/ ! int5se cold4 ,) ?is grass1 :i* is an admirable non-conductor ( heat1 he likewise /uffs 8 gloves 9 ord] to pres]ve 8 h&s4 ,b z x w>ds (f ! cold 9 w9t]1 s 9 summ] x keeps ! feet cool1 & is consequ5tly us$ at all seasons4 ,! wom5's app>el diff]s v little f t ( ! o!r sex1 b _! girdles are m ornam5t$ ) r+s & *a9s4 ,9 w9t] bo? sexes are s pack$ up 9 sk9s z to look m l be>s ?an human be+s1 &1 :5 squatt+ accord+ to ! fa%ion ( _! c\ntry1 exhibit a m\nd ( furs1 ) ! head re/+ ^u ! top ( x4 ,accord+ to _! diff]5t mode ( life1 ! ,lapps may be aptly subdivid$ into ,fjlllapp>s1 or ,m\nta9 ,lapps2 ,skogslapp>s1 or ,wood ,lapps2 & ,fi%]lapps4 ,! ,fjlllapp>s1 :o =m ! great] & mo/ *>act]i/ic "p ( ! nation1 lead an exclusively pa/oral life1 & are con/antly w&]+ ) _! h]ds ( re9de] f place to place1 = ! li*5 :i* =ms ! *ief food ( ^! animals dur+ ! great] "p ( ! ye> is soon cropp$ f ! nigg>d soil1 & requires ye>s = its reproduction4 ,= ?is reason1 also1 ?is p d n h]d toge!r1 & nev] m ?an ?ree or f\r families pit* _! huts1 or tuguria1 ^u ! same spot4 ,( c\rse ! dwell+ ( ! nomad ,lapp h>monizes ) 8 vagrant habits2 a rude t5t1 :i* c easily be tak5 to pieces1 & z easily erect$1 is all he requires to %elt] 8 family & *attels4 ,x consi/s ( flexible /ems ( trees1 plac$ toge!r 9 a conical =m1 l a /ack ( poles = hops1 & cov]$ 9 ! summ] ) a co>se clo?1 9 w9t] ) additional sk9s1 to be bett] f5c$ aga9/ ! inclem5cies ( ! climate4 ,to =m ! entrance1 a "p ( ! hang+1 ab\t eighte5 in*es wide at ! bottom1 & t]m9at+ upw>d 9 a po9t1 is made to turn back z ^u h+es4 ,! he>?1 consi/+ ( sev]al l>ge /ones1 is 9 ! c5tre1 & 9 ! ro( imm$iately above x is a squ>e op5+ = ! escape ( smoke & ! admission ( ra91 sn[1 & air4 ,all ! light :i* ! d5 receives :5 ! door is clos$ comes f ?is hole4 ,! diamet] ( "o ( ^! conical huts g5]ally measures at its base no m ?an six feet2 its :ole circumf]5ce1 ( c\rse1 does n exce$ eighte5 feet1 & its extreme height may be ab\t t5 feet4 ,! floor is v ne>ly cov]$ ) re9de] sk9s1 on :i* ! inmates squat dur+ ! day & sleep at nights1 contract+ _! limbs toge!r & huddl+ r\nd _! he>?1 s t ea* individual ( ?is pigmy race occupies sc>cely m space ?an a dog4 ,on ! side ( ! t5t are susp5d$ a numb] ( pots1 wood5 b[ls1 & o!r h\sehold ut5sils2 & a small *e/ conta9s ! holiday app>el ( ! family4 ,su* are ! dwell+s ( ^? among ! ,lapl&]s :o are call$ weal?y1 & :o sometimes possess v consid]able prop]ty4 ,ne> ! t5t is ! dairy or /ore-h\se ( ! e/abli%m5t4 ,x consi/s ( no?+ m ?an a %elf or plat=m1 rais$ betwe5 two trees1 s z to be out ( ! rea* ( ! dogs or wolves4 ,! means ( asc5t to ?is treasury ( curds1 *eese1 & dri$ re9de] fle%1 is simply a tree /ripp$ ( its bran*es1 b pres5t+ at e foot or s knobs1 :i* s]ve ! same purpose z /aves on a ladd]1 ! tree be+ obliquely re>$ aga9/ ! plat=m4 ,ano!r *>act]i/ic feature ( a ,lapp encampm5t is f\nd 9 ! inclosures 9 :i* ! re9de] are p5n$ dur+ ! night or = ! purpose ( milk+4 ,^! are circus-l op5 places1 ea* ( a diamet] ( ab\t "o hundr$ & fifty feet1 & are =m$ by /umps ( trees & poles set upright on ! gr\nd1 & l9k$ toge!r by horizontal poles4 ,aga9/ ! latt] are re>$ bir* poles & bran*es ( trees1 v>y+ f six to t5 feet 9 height1 )\t ! slighte/ attempt at neatness1 ! :ole be+ z rude z well c be--a suffici5t security aga9/ ! wolves be+ all t its build]s desire4 ,! milk+ ( a h]d ( re9de] pres5ts a mo/ animat$ sc5e4 ,:5 !y h be5 driv5 )9 ! inclosure1 & all outlets are secur$1 a ,lapp1 select+ a long ?ong or cord1 takes a turn ( bo? ends r\nd 8 left h&1 & !n ga!rs :at sailors call ! bight 9 loose folds1 held 9 8 "r4 ,he n[ s+les out a re9de]1 & ?r[s ! bight ) un]r+ aim ov] ! antl]s ( ! victim4 ,sometimes ! latt] makes no resi/ance1 b 9 g5]al ! mom5t x feels ! t\* ( ! ?ong x breaks away f ! spot1 & is only secur$ by ! mo/ /r5u\s ex]tions4 ,e m9ute may be se5 an unusually p[]ful de] furi\sly dragg+ a ,lapp r\nd & r\nd ! inclosure1 & sometimes x fairly ov]comes ! re/ra9t ( ! ?ong1 & leaves its antagoni/ pro/rate on ! sod4 ,?is "p ( ! sc5e is highly excit+1 & x is impossible n to admire ! tra9$ skill ev9c$ by all ! ,lapps1 wom5 z well z m54 ,! resi/ance ( ! de] be+ ov]come1 ! ,lapp takes a dext]\s hit* ( ! ?ong r\nd 8 muzzle & head1 & !n fa/5s him to ! trunk ( a pro/rate tree1 _m ( :i* h be5 br\ght )9 ! level inclosure = t especial purpose4 ,m5 & wom5 are indiscrim9ately engag$ bo? 9 s+l+ out mil* re9s & 9 milk+ !m4 ,e "o is fully occupi$1 = ev5 ! little *ildr5 are practis+ ! ?r[+ ( ! lasso1 9 :i* !y ev9ce great dext]ity1 al?\gh _! /r5g? is insuffici5t to hold ! smalle/ doe4 ,:5 ! pa/ure 9 ! neighborhood is fully exhau/$1 :i* g5]ally takes place 9 ab\t a =tnight1 ! encampm5t is brok5 up1 to be erect$ aga9 on "s o!r spot4 ,9 less ?an half an h\r ! t5t is tak5 to pieces1 & pack$ ) all ! h\sehold furniture ^u ! backs ( re9de]1 :o by long tra9+ acquire ! capacity ( s]v+ z bea/s ( burd54 ,on ! j\rney !y are b\nd toge!r1 five & five1 ) ?ongs ( lea!r1 & l$ by ! wom5 ov] ! m\nta9s1 :ile ! fa!r ( ! family prec$es ! m>* to select a prop] place = ! new encampm5t1 & 8 sons or s]vants foll[ ) ! rema9d] ( ! h]d4 ,t[>ds ! end ( spr+ ! ,lapps desc5d f ! m\nta9s to ! sea4 ,:5 !y approa* its bord]s1 ! re9de]1 sniff+ ! sea air f a di/ance1 ru% tumultu\sly to ! fjord1 :]e !y take long draughts ( ! salt$ wat]4 ,?is1 z ! ,lapps believe1 is ess5tial to _! heal?4 ,z ! summ] advances1 & ! sn[ melts1 !y asc5d high] & high] into ! m\nta9s4 ,at ! approa* ( w9t] !y retreat into ! woods1 :]e1 ) ! assi/ance ( _! dogs & s]vants1 !y h en\gh to d to keep (f ! attacks ( ! wolves4 ,! re9de] dog is ab\t ! size ( a ,scot* t]ri]1 b 8 head be>s a wond]ful resemblance to t ( ! lynx4 ,8 color v>ies consid]ably1 b ! hair is always long & %aggy4 ,invaluable z are 8 s]vices1 he is nev]!less treat$ ) great cruelty4 ,= _! w9t] j\rneys ! ,lapps use sl$ges or skates4 ,"o ( _! skates1 or 8skid]s10 is usually z long z ! p]son :o we>s x2 ! o!r is ab\t a foot %ort]4 ,! feet /& 9 ! middle1 & to !m ! skates are fa/5$ by ?ongs or )es4 ,! skid]s are made ( fir-wood1 & cov]$ ) ! sk9s ( "y re9de]1 :i* ob/ruct a retrograde movem5t by act+ l bri/les aga9/ ! sn[--! roots po9t+ t[>ds ! =e "p ( ! skate1 & ?us prev5t+ _! slipp+ back4 ,) ^! skid]s1 ! ,lapp flies l a bird ov] ! sn[1 n[ scal+ ! m\nta9s by a tortu\s asc5t1 & n[ d>t+ d[n into ! valley3 ,ocior c]vis et ag5te nimbos ,ocior ,euro4 ,su* is ! rapidity ( 8 c\rse t he w ov]take ! swifte/ wild bea/s2 & s viol5t ! ex]cise t1 dur+ ! mo/ rigor\s season ( ! ye>1 :5 e>ne/ly engag$ 9 ! *ase1 he w dive/ himself ( 8 furs4 ,a long pole ) a r\nd ball ( wood ne> ! end1 to prev5t its pi]c+ too deep 9 ! sn[1 s]ves to /op ! skat]'s c\rse :5 he wi%es to re/4 ,! ,lapl&] is no less exp]t 9 ! use ( ! sl$ge1 or 8pulka10 :i* is made 9 ! =m ( a small boat ) a convex bottom1 t x may slide all ! m easily ov] ! sn[2 ! pr[ is %>p & po9t$1 b ! sl$ge is flat beh9d4 ,! travell] is swa!d 9 ?is c>riage l an infant 9 a cradle1 ) a /ick 9 8 h& to /e] ! vessel1 & dis5gage x f ! /ones or /umps ( trees :i* x may *ance to enc\nt] 9 ! r\te4 ,he mu/ also balance ! sl$ge ) 8 body1 to avoid ! dang] ( be+ ov]turn$4 ,! traces by :i* ?is c>riage is fa/5$ to ! re9de] are fix$ to a coll> ab\t ! animal's neck1 & run d[n ov] ! brea/ betwe5 ! =e & h9d legs1 to be connect$ ) ! pr[ ( ! sl$ge2 ! re9s manag$ by ! travell] are ti$ to ! horns1 & ! trapp+s are furni%$ ) little bells1 ! s\nd ( :i* ! animal likes4 ,) ?is draught at 8 tail1 ! re9de] w travel sixty or sev5ty ,engli% miles 9 a day2 (t5 p]sev]+ fifty miles )\t int]mission1 & )\t tak+ any refre%m5t1 except occasionally moi/5+ 8 m\? ) ! sn[4 ,8 ,lapl& driv] kn[s h[ to f9d 8 way ?r\gh ! wild]ness ) a surpris+ c]ta9ty2 "h a rock1 !re a fir-tree1 is impress$ z a l&m>k on 8 fai?ful memory1 & ?us1 l ! be/ pilot1 he /e]s 8 sl$ge to ! di/ant end ( 8 j\rney4 ,frequ5tly ! ,aurora lights him on 8 way1 illum9+ ! sn[-cov]$ l&scape ) a magic brilliancy1 & inve/+ e object ) a dream-l1 sup]natural beauty4 ,b ev5 )\t ! aid ( ?is my/]i\s coruscation1 ,lapl& is ri* 9 gr& & picturesque features1 & has all ! romance ( ! m\nta9 & ! =e/4 ,9 summ] c\ntless rivulets me&] ?r\gh valleys ( alp9e v]dure1 & broad pellucid riv]s ru% d[n ! slopes 9 ?und]+ cat>acts1 embrac+ isl&s clo!d ) p9e-trees ( incomp>able dignity & grace4 ,:oev] has gr[n up 9 sc5es l ^!1 & be5 accu/om$ f infancy to ! uncontroll$ fre$om ( ! nomad /ate1 receives impressions nev] to be eras$2 & ?us we c n wond] t ! wild ,lapl&] believes 8 c\ntry to be a t]re/rial p>adise1 & feels n[h]e happy b at home4 ,9 ! ye> #ahai a ,scot* g5tleman attempt$ to acclimatize ! re9de] 9 ,scotl&1 & induc$ two "y ,lapl&]s to accompany ! h]d :i* he _h b\ght = t purpose4 ,! re9de] soon p]i%$1 & ! ,lapl&]s w\ld h di$ ( no/algia if !y _h n be5 s5t home by ! fir/ opportunity4 ,pr9ce ,jablon[sky1 a ,poli% nobleman1 :o travell$ ab\t ?irty ye>s s9ce ?r\gh a "p ( ,russian ,lapl&1 took a ,lapp girl ) him to ,/4 ,pet]sburg4 ,he gave h] a sup]ior education1 & %e 0 well treat$ 9 e respect4 ,%e made rapid progress1 & seem$ to be p]fectly reconcil$ to h] new home4 ,ab\t two ye>s aft] h] arrival1 x happ5$ t a ,russian g5tleman1 :o possess$ ext5sive e/ates ne> ! capital1 b\ght a small h]d ( re9de]1 :i* arriv$ "u ! guidance ( a ,lapp family4 ,z x 0 w9t]-"t1 & ^! p _h br\ght ) !m _! t5ts1 _! sl$ges1 & _! sn[-%oes1 !y soon became objects ( curiosity1 & cr[ds ( fa%ionable visitors flock$ to _! encampm5t2 among o!rs1 ! good-natur$ pr9ce1 :o imprud5tly conduct$ 8 pupil1 ! "y ,lapl& girl1 to see h] c\ntrym51 an int]view :i* he suppos$ w\ld give h] great pleasure4 ,b f t mom5t %e became an alt]$ be+2 %e lo/ h] spirits & h] appetite1 &1 9 spite ( e c>e & att5tion1 h] heal? decl9$ f day to day4 ,"o morn+ %e disappe>$1 & x 0 f\nd on inquiry t %e _h return$ to h] family1 :]e %e rema9$ ev] aft]4 ,ano!r v rem>kable in/ance ( ! ,lapl&]s' love ( _! c\ntry is relat$ by ,hog/rm4 ,dur+ ! w> ( ,gu/avus ,,iii4 ) ,russia1 a "y ,lapl&] enli/$ 9 a regim5t :i* 0 pass+ ?r\gh ,tornea4 ,he s]v$ 9 sev]al campaigns z a common soldi]1 0 made a s]geant 9 consequ5ce ( 8 good conduct & c\rage2 & hav+ giv5 himself ! greate/ tr\ble to improve 8 education & acquire milit>y k1 at l5g?1 aft] tw5ty ye>s ( s]vice1 atta9$ ! rank ( capta9 9 ! ,sw$i% army4 ,aft] ?is long "t sp5t 9 ! civiliz$ _w1 & hav+ become accu/om$ to all its enjoym5ts & com=ts1 he felt a /rong desire to revisit 8 family & 8 c\ntry4 ,sc>cely _h he se5 8 native m\nta9s1 & sp5t a few days among 8 c\ntrym5 & ! re9de]1 ?an he at once quitt$ ! s]vice1 & resum$ ! nomad life ( 8 y\?4 ,! ,lapl&]'s *ief desire is = peace & tranquillity4 ,expos$ to all ! privations ( a vagrant life1 & to e inclem5cy ( wea!r1 he endures ! greate/ h>d%ips ) equanimity1 desir+ only n to be di/urb$ 9 ! enjoym5t ( ! little t is 8--n to be int]f]$ ) 9 8 old cu/oms & habits4 ,yet ?is same peaceful ,lapl&]1 :o has s easily submitt$ to a =eign yoke1 is "o ( ! bolde/ hunt]s1 & n only pursues ! elk or ! wild re9de]1 b engages 9 s+le combat ) ! be>4 ,l all ! o!r ,arctic nations ( ,russia & ,sib]ia1 he has /range notions ab\t ?is animal1 :i* 9 8 op9ion is ! mo/ cunn+ & gift$ ( all creat$ be+s4 ,?us he supposes t ! be> kn[s & he>s all t is said ab\t him1 & = ?is reason he takes good c>e nev] to speak ( him disrespectfully4 ,x may seem /range t he %\ld v5ture to slay an animal :i* ranks s high 9 8 e/eem2 b ! temptation is too /rong1 z its fle% has an excell5t flavor1 & its fur1 ?\gh n ne> s valuable z t ( ! ,am]ican black be>1 is /ill wor? f fifte5 to tw5ty doll>s4 ,at ! beg9n+ ( w9t]1 ! be>1 z is well kn[n1 retires ei!r into a rocky cave1 or "u a cov] ( bran*es1 leaves1 & moss1 & rema9s !re )\t food1 & plung$ 9 sleep until ! next spr+ recalls him to a m active exi/5ce4 ,aft] ! fir/ fall ( sn[1 ! ,lapp hunt]s g into ! =e/ & look out = traces ( ! be>4 ,hav+ f\nd !m1 !y c>efully m>k ! spot1 & return+ aft] a few weeks di/urb ! slumb]+ brute1 & excite him to an attack4 ,x is n consid]$ honorable to %oot him :ile sleep+2 & 9 _m p>ts ( ,lapl& ! hunt] :o w\ld kill a be> ) any o!r weapon b a lance w\ld be univ]sally despis$4 ,hoggu] accompani$ two ,lapps1 well-arm$ ) axes & /\t lances ) b>b$ po9ts1 on "o ( ^! be>-hunts4 ,:5 ab\t a hundr$ paces f ! lair ! company halt$1 :ile "o ( ! ,lapps advanc$ %\t+1 tell+ 8 comrades to make z mu* noise z !y c\ld4 ,:5 ab\t tw5ty paces f ! cav]n1 he /ood /ill & flung sev]al /ones into x4 ,= "s "t all 0 quiet1 s t ,hoggu] began to fe> t ! lair 0 des]t$1 :5 sudd5ly an angry gr[l 0 he>d4 ,! hunt]s n[ r$\bl$ _! clamor1 until sl[ly1 l an hone/ citiz5 di/urb$ 9 8 noonday slumb]s1 ! be> came out ( 8 cav]n4 ,b ?is tranquillity did n la/ long1 = ! brute1 z soon z he p]ceiv$ 8 ne>e/ enemy1 utt]$ a %ort ro> & ru%$ ^u him4 ,! ,lapp coolly await$ ! onset ) 8 lance 9 re/1 until ! be>1 com+ q ne>1 rais$ himself on 8 haun*es & began to /rike at him ) 8 =e paws4 ,! hunt] b5t d[n to avoid ! /rokes1 & !n sudd5ly ris+1 ) a sure eye & ) all 8 might1 plung$ 8 lance into ! he>t ( ! be>4 ,dur+ ?is %ort conflict ! ,lapp _h receiv$ a slight w\nd on ! h&1 b ! m>ks ( ! be>'s tee? 7 f\nd deeply impress$ ^u ! iron ( ! lance4 ,accord+ to an anci5t cu/om1 ! wives ( ! hunt]s assemble 9 ! hut ( "o ( !m2 & z soon z !y he> ! return+ sportsm51 beg9 *ant+ or h[l+ a song 9 praise ( ! be>4 ,:5 ! m51 lad5 ) ! sk9 & fle% ( ! animal1 approa*1 !y are receiv$ by ! wom5 ) opprobri\s epi!ts1 & =bidd5 +ress ?r\gh ! door2 s t !y are oblig$ to make a hole 9 ! wall1 ?r\gh :i* !y ent] ) _! spoils4 ,?is com$y1 :i* is meant to pacify ! manes ( ! victim1 is /ill act$1 ?\gh n s frequ5tly z =m]ly2 b ! cu/om ( begg+ ! be>'s p>don ) _m te>s is completely out ( date4 ,! animal's int]m5t1 h[ev]1 /ill takes place ) all ! anci5t honors & c]emonies4 ,aft] hav+ be5 sk9n$1 & its fle% cut (f1 ! body is buri$ 9 anatomical ord]--! head fir/1 !n ! neck1 ! =e paw1 etc4 ,?is is done f a belief 9 ! resurrection ( ! be>1 :o hav+ be5 dec5tly buri$1 w1 x is hop$1 all[ himself to be kill$ a second "t by ! same ,lapp2 :ile a neglect ( ! honors due to him w\ld exasp]ate ! :ole race ( be>s1 & cause !m to wreak a bloody v5geance on ! disrespectful hunt]4 ,! wolf is treat$ ) mu* less c]emony4 ,_m a weal?y ,lapp1 ! own] ( a ?\s& re9de]1 has be5 r$uc$ to pov]ty by ! ravages ( ?is savage bea/1 :i* is con/antly pr[l+ ab\t ! h]ds4 ,h5ce "o ( ! fir/ que/ions !y put to ea* o!r :5 !y meet is1 8,lekor rauhe80 8,is x peace80--:i* means no?+ m ?an1 8,h ! wolves mole/$ y80 ,su* is _! dete/ation ( ^! animals t !y believe !m to be creatures ( ! devil1 contam9at+ all t t\*es !m :ile alive4 ,?us !y w nev] %oot a wolf1 z ! gun t kill$ him w\ld ev] aft] be accurs$4 ,at ! fir/ al>m t wolves h appe>$1 ! neighbors assemble1 & ! *ase beg9s4 ,= miles !y pursue him ov] hills & valleys on _! 8skid]s10 & kill him ) clubs1 :i* !y aft]w>ds burn4 ,!y w n ev5 defile !mselves ) sk9n+ him1 b leave 8 hide to ! ,f9ni% or ,russian coloni/s1 :o1 be+ less scrupul\s or sup]/iti\s1 make a w>m cloak ( x1 or sell x = a few doll>s at ! fair4 ,among ! ,fjall ,lapps !re are _m ri* own]s ( #ajjj or #aejj re9de]1 #cjj ( :i* fully suffice = ! ma9t5ance ( a family4 ,9 ?is case ! own] is able to kill z _m z are necess>y = provid+ 8 h\sehold ) food & raim5t1 :ile ! sale ( ! sup]flu\s sk9s & horns enables him to pur*ase clo?1 fl\r1 h>dw>e1 & o!r necess>y articles--n to =get ! tobacco or ! br&y 9 :i* he delights4 ,! price ( ! entire c>cass ( a re9de]1 sk9 & all1 v>ies f "o to ?ree doll>s ,norsk 7f\r %ill+s & sixp5ce to ?irte5 %ill+s & sixp5ce74 ,a f9e sk9 w always sell = "o doll> 9 any "p ( ! ,nor?4 ,x w ?us be se5 t a ,lapp possess+ a h]d ( #ejj or #ajjj de] is virtually a capitali/ 9 e s5se ( ! ^w1 f> ri*] ?an ! va/ majority ( 8 ,norwegian1 ,sw$i%1 or ,russian fell[-subjects1 al?\gh !y all affect to look ^u him ) supreme contempt4 ,! daily food ( ! m\nta9 ,lapl&]s consi/s ( ! fatte/ re9de] v5ison1 :i* !y boil1 & eat ) ! bro? 9 :i* x has be5 cook$4 ,_! summ] diet consi/s ( *eese & re9de]-milk4 ,! ri* also eat bread bak$ ^u hot iron plates4 ,_! mode ( kill+ ! re9de] is ! me?od us$ by ! but*]s 9 ! ,s\? ( ,italy--! mo/ anci5t & be/ me?od ( slay+ cattle1 because x is att5d$ ) ! lea/ pa9 to ! animal1 & ! greate/ pr(it to its possessor4 ,!y ?ru/ a %>p-po9t$ knife into ! back "p ( ! head betwe5 ! horns1 s z to divide ! sp9al m>r[ f ! bra94 ,! bea/ in/antly drops1 & dies )\t a groan or /ruggle4 ,z soon z x falls1 & appe>s to be dead1 ! ,lapl&] plunges ! knife dext]\sly beh9d ! (f-%\ld] into ! he>t2 !n op5+ ! animal1 its blood is f\nd 9 ! /oma*1 & ladl$ out into a pot4 ,boil$ ) fat & fl\r1 x is a favorite di%4 ,an important epo* 9 ! life ( ! ,fjall ,lapp is 8 annual visit to "o ( ! w9t] fairs held 9 ! *ief t[ns or villages :i* ! m indu/ri\s ,sw$es1 ,norwegians1 or ,f9s h f\nd$ on ! coa/s "h & !re1 or 9 ! well-wat]$ valleys ( 8 fa!rl&1 & :i* he att5ds frequ5tly f an imm5se di/ance4 ,aft] a slight duty to ,gov]nm5t has be5 paid1 bus9ess beg9s2 b z e b>ga9 is ratifi$ ) a full glass ( br&y1 8 ?\ghts get confus$ be=e ! day is half ov]--a circum/ance :i* ! cunn+ m]*ant does n fail to turn to acc\nt4 ,on awak+ ! next morn+1 ! vexation ( ! nomad at 8 bad b>ga9s is s mu* ! great]1 z no p are m av[$ mammon-wor%ipp]s ?an ! ,lapps1 or m incl9$ to s+1 ) our ,burns3-- ,o wae on ! sill]1 x is sae prevail9'6 ,_! sole object seems to be ! amass+ ( treasure = ! sole purpose ( ho>d+ x4 ,! av>ice ( a ,lapp is gratifi$ 9 collect+ a numb] ( silv] vessels or pieces ( silv] co92 & be+ unable to c>ry ?is treasure ) him on 8 j\rneys1 he buries ! :ole1 n ev5 mak+ 8 wife acqua9t$ ) ! secret ( its deposit1 s t :5 he dies ! memb]s ( 8 family are (t5 unable to discov] :]e he has hidd5 x4 ,"s ( ! ,lapps possess a hundr$-weight ( silv]1 & ^? :o own #aejj or #ajjj re9de] h mu* m2 9 %ort1 an a/oni%+ quantity ( specie is disp]s$ among !m4 ,silv] plate1 :5 (f]$ to !m = sale1 mu/ be 9 a poli%$ /ate1 or !y w n buy x2 = su* is _! ignorance1 t :5 ! metal1 by be+ kept buri$1 becomes t>ni%$1 !y conceive t its value is impair$1 & ex*ange x = o!r silv]1 :i* be+ repoli%$1 !y believe to be new4 ,! m]*ants d]ive great b5efit f ?is traffic4 ,br&y & tobacco are ! *ief luxuries ( ! ,lapps4 ,! tobacco-pipe is nev] laid aside except dur+ meals2 x is ev5 us$ by ! wom51 :o also swall[ spirits z gre$ily z ! m52 9 fact1 bo? sexes w almo/ "p ) life itself = ! gratification ( dram-dr9k+4 ,if y walk up to a ,lapp1 unc\?ly squatt$ be=e 8 t5t1 8 v fir/ salutation is made by /ret*+ =? a tawny h& & dem&+1 9 a :9+ tone1 8,tabak0 or 8,bra5di40 ,dr4 ,cl>ke relates an amus+ in/ance ( _! prop5sity = spiritu\s liquors4 ,on 8 v fir/ visit to "o ( _! t5ts1 he gave ! fa!r ( ! family ab\t a p9t ( br&y1 ?9k+ he w\ld husb& x ) great c>e1 z he _h se5 him place x beh9d him ^u 8 b$ ne> ! skirt+ ( ! t5t4 ,! daught] n[ ent]$1 & begg$ = a ta/e ( ! br&y1 z %e _h lo/ h] %>e by be+ abs5t4 ,! old man made no answ]1 b :5 ! reque/ 0 repeat$1 he slyly crept r\nd ! outside ( ! t5t until he came to ! spot :]e ! br&y 01 :51 ?ru/+ 8 arm b5ea? ! skirt+1 he drew x out1 & swall[$ ! :ole cont5ts ( ! bottle at a draught4 ,! practice ( dram-dr9k+ is s g5]al t mo!rs p\r ! horrid dose d[n ! ?roats ( _! infants4 ,_! *ri/5+s & fun]als become m]e pretexts = indulg+ 9 br&y4 ,b _! mild & pacific disposition %[s itself 9 _! drunk5ness1 :i* is manife/$ only 9 h[l+1 jump+1 & laugh+1 & 9 a crav+ = m drams ) hy/]ic screams until !y fall s5seless on ! gr\nd--:ile at ! same "t !y w suff] kicks1 cuffs1 bl[s1 & provocations ( any k9d )\t ! smalle/ irascibility4 ,:5 sob] !y are z g5tle z lambs1 & ! s(tness ( _! language1 add$ to _! effem9ate %rill tone ( voice1 rem>kably corresponds ) _! placable disposition4 ,an amiable trait 9 ! "* ( ! ,lapp is ! w>m? ( 8 affection t[>ds 8 wife1 8 *ildr51 & 8 dep5d5ts4 ,no?+ c exce$ ! cordiality ( _! mutual greet+s aft] sep>ations1 & x is to be fe>$ t b few m>ri$ m5 9 ,engl& c\ld mat* ! ,lapp husb& :o assur$ ,ca/rn t dur+ ?irty ye>s ( w$lock no worse ^w _h pass$ betwe5 himself & 8 wife ?an 8,loddad-%am10 or 8,my little bird40 ,9 spite ( 8 fatigu+ life1 & ! insuffici5t %elt] af=d$ him by 8 hut1 ! ,fjall ,lapp is g5]ally vigor\s & heal?y1 & n seldom lives to a hundr$ ye>s age4 ,cont9ual ex]cise 9 ! op5 air braces 8 con/itution1 8 w>m clo?+ protects him aga9/ ! cold ( w9t]1 & 8 g5]\s meat diet ma9ta9s 8 /r5g?4 ,to prev5t ! scurvy1 he eats ! b]ries ( ! ,empetrum nigrum or ,rubus *ammorus1 & mixes ! /ems ( ! ,angelica among 8 food4 ,b 8 *ief rem$y aga9/ ?is & e o!r bodily evil is w>m re9de]-blood1 :i* he dr9ks ) delight z a univ]sal panacea4 ,! ,skogs ,lapp1 or ,=e/ ,lapp1 occupies an int]m$iate grade betwe5 ! ,fjall ,lapp & ! ,fi%] ,lapp1 z fi%+ is 8 summ] occupation1 & hunt+ & ! t5d+ ( 8 re9de] t ( ! w9t] mon?s4 ,8 h]ds n be+ s num]\s z ^? ( ! ,fjall ,lapp1 he is n driv5 to con/ant migration to procure !m food2 b !y require m c>e ?an 8 divid$ pursuits all[ him to be/[ ^u !m1 & h5ce he inevitably desc5ds to ! condition ( ! ,fi%] ,lapp4 ,l/adius describes 8 life z "o ( ! happie/ on e>?--z a con/ant *ange betwe5 ! agreeable pa/ime ( fi%+ & ! noble amusem5t ( ! *ase4 ,he is n1 l ! ,m\nta9 ,lapp1 expos$ to all ! sev]ity ( ! ,arctic w9t]1 nor s poor z ! ,fi%] ,lapp4 ,he is (t5 he>d to s+ "u ! gre5 canopy ( ! firs4 ,! villages ( ! ,fi%] ,lapps--z !y are f\nd1 = in/ance1 on ! banks ( ,lake ,en>a--af=d a by no means pleas+ spectacle4 ,ab\t ! mis]able huts1 :i* are %apeless masses ( m+l$ e>?1 /ones1 & bran*es ( trees1 & sc>cely equal to ! dwell+s ( ! wret*$ ,fuegians1 heaps ( /9k+ fi% & o!r (fal ta9t ! air ) _! pe/il5tial odors4 ,:5 a /rang] approa*es1 ! inmates come p\r+ out ( _! n>r[ doorway s cov]$ ) dirt & v]m9 z to make him recoil ) disgu/4 ,n 9 ! lea/ a%am$1 h[ev]1 ( _! appe>ance1 !y approa* ! /rang] & %ake 8 h& accord+ to ! code ( ,lapp polit5ess4 ,aft] ?is prelim9>y1 he may expect ! foll[+ que/ions3 8,is peace 9 ! l&8 ,h[ is ! emp]or1 ! bi%op1 & ! capta9 ( ! di/rict80 ,! m inquisitive ( ! fil?y troop !n ask aft] ! home ( ! /rang]1 & be+ told t x is beyond ! m\nta9s1 !y fur!r inquire if he comes f ! l& :]e tobacco gr[s4 ,= z our imag9ation loves to w&] to ! sunny regions1 ,:]e ! citron & olive are faire/ ( fruit1 ,& ! voice ( ! night+ale nev] is mute2 s ! fancy ( ! ,lapp conceives no great] p>adise ?an t :i* produces ! we$ t1 along ) ! br&y-bottle1 af=ds him 8 highe/ luxury4 ,,*apt] ,,xiii4 ,,mat?ias ,,alex&] ,,ca/r,n4 ,8 ,bir?place & fir/ ,/udies4--,j\rney 9 ,lapl&1 #ahch4-- ,! ,iwalojoki4--,! ,lake ( ,en>a4--,! ,pa/or ( ,utzjoki4-- ,f ,r[animi to ,kemi4--,second ,voyage1 #ahda-dd4--,/orm on ! ,:ite ,sea4--,return to ,ar*angel4--,! ,tundras ( ! ,european ,samoj$es4--,mes54--,univ]sal ,drunk5ness4--,sl$ge ,j\rney to ,pu/os]sk4--,a ,samoj$e ,tea*]4--,tundra ,/orms4--,ab&on$ & alone 9 ! ,wild]ness4--,pu/os]sk4--,our ,travell]'s ,p]secutions at ,u/sylmsk & ,i%emsk4--,! ,uusa4--,cross+ ! ,ural4--,obdorsk4--,second ,sib]ian ,j\rney1 #ahde-dh4-- ,ov]fl[+ ( ! ,obi4--,surgut4--,krasnoj>sk4--,agreeabl e ,surprise4--,turu*ansk4--,voyage d[n ! ,j5issei4--,ca/rn's ,/udy at ,pla*9a4--,f ,dud9ka to ,tol/oi ,noss4--,froz5 ,feet4-- ,return ,voyage to ! ,s\?4--,froz5 fa/ on ! ,j5issei4-- ,wond]ful ,pres]vation4--,j\rney across ! ,*9ese ,fronti]s1 & to ,transbaikalia4--,return to ,f9l&4--,pr(essor%ip at ,hels+=s4--,dea? ( ,ca/rn1 #ahee4 ,mat?ias ,alex&] ,ca/rn1 ^: int]e/+ j\rneys =m ! subject ( ! pres5t *apt]1 0 born 9 ! ye> #ahac1 at ,r[animi1 a ,f9l& village situat$ ab\t =ty miles f ! head ( ! ,gulf ( ,bo?nia1 imm$iately "u ! ,arctic ,circle2 s t1 ( all m5 :o h atta9$ celebrity1 probably none c boa/ ( a m nor!rn bir?place4 ,:ile /ill a s*ol> at ! ,alex&]'s ,college ( ,hels+=s1 he resolv$ to devote 8 life to ! /udy ( ! nations ( ,f9ni% orig9 7,f9s1 ,lapl&]s1 ,samoj$es1 ,o/jaks1 etc472 & z books gave b an insuffici5t acc\nt ( !m1 ea* pass+ ye> /r5g!n$ 8 desire to visit ^! tribes 9 _! own haunts1 & to le>n f !mselves _! languages1 _! habits1 & _! hi/ory4 ,we may imag9e1 !re=e1 ! joy ( ! en?usia/ic /ud5t1 :om pov]ty alone _h hi!rto prev5t$ f c>ry+ out ! s*emes ( 8 y\?1 :5 ,dr4 ,ehr/rm1 a fri5d & m$ical fell[-/ud5t1 propos$ to take him z a companion1 free ( exp5se1 on a t\r 9 ,lapl&4 ,no arti/ t ev] cross$ ! ,alps on 8 way to sunny ,italy c\ld feel happi] ?an ,ca/rn at ! prospect ( plung+ into ! wild]nesses ( ! ,arctic zone4 ,on ,june #be1 #ahch1 ! fri5ds set out1 & arriv$ on ! #cj? at ! small t[n ( ,muonioniska1 :]e !y rema9$ six weeks--a delay :i* ,ca/rn put to good acc\nt 9 le>n+ ! ,lapp language f a native cate*i/4 ,at l5g? ! decreas+ sun w>n$ ! travell]s t x 0 high "t to cont9ue _! j\rney1 if !y wi%$ to see m ( ,lapl& be=e ! w9t] set 92 & aft] hav+1 ) great difficulty1 cross$ ! m\nta9 ridge :i* =ms ! wat]-%$ betwe5 ! ,gulf ( ,bo?nia & ! ,pol> ,sea1 !y emb>k$ on ! romantic ,iwalojoki1 :]e = ?ree days & nights ! ru%+ wat]s ro>$ ar\nd !m4 ,9 spite ( ^! dang]\s rapids1 !y 7 oblig$ to tru/ !mselves to ! /ream1 :i* e n[ & !n ?reat5$ to da% _! frail boat to pieces aga9/ ! rocks4 ,arm$ ) long o>s1 !y 7 cont9ually at "w dur+ ! daytime to gu>d aga9/ ?is p]il2 ! nights 7 sp5t ne> a l>ge fire k9dl$ 9 ! op5 air1 )\t any %elt] aga9/ ! ra9 & w9d4 ,! ,iwalo ,riv] is1 dur+ ! great] "p ( its c\rse1 encas$ betwe5 high rocks2 b a few miles be=e x dis*>ges itself into ! l>ge ,lake ( ,en>a1 its valley improves into a f9e grassy pla94 ,small isl&s cov]$ ) trees divide ! wat]s1 :i* n[ fl[ m tranquilly2 soon also traces ( culture appe>1 & ! a/oni%$ travell] f9ds 9 ! village ( ,kyr1 n wret*$ ,lapl& huts1 b well-built h\ses ( ,f9ni% settl]s1 ) gre5 mead[s & cornfields4 ,! beautiful ,lake ( ,en>a1 sixty miles long & =ty miles broad1 is s ?ickly /udd$ ) isl&s t !y h nev] yet be5 c\nt$4 ,aft] ! travell]s _h sp5t a few days among ! ,fi%] ,lapps :o soj\rn on its bord]s1 !y proce$$ nor?w>d to ,utzjoki1 ! limit ( _! exp$ition1 & "o ( ! c5tres ( ,lapl& civilization1 z x boa/s ( a *ur*1 :i* is s]v$ by a man ( high "* & ( no little ability4 ,on accept+ 8 *>ge1 ?is self-d5y+ prie/ _h p]=m$ ! j\rney f ,tornea 9 ! dep? ( w9t]1 accompani$ by a "y wife & a female relation ( ! latt]1 fifte5 ye>s ( age4 ,he _h f\nd ! p>sonage1 vacat$ by 8 pr$ecessor1 a wret*$ build+1 di/ant "s fifte5 miles f ! ne>e/ ,lapp habitation4 ,aft] e/abli%+ himself & 8 family 9 ?is dre>y t5em5t1 he _h return$ f a pa/oral excursion to f9d 8 home de/roy$ by a fire1 f :i* its inmates _h escap$ ) ! loss ( all t !y possess$4 ,a mis]able hut1 built = ! tempor>y %elt] ( ! ,lapps :o resort$ ?i!r = div9e s]vice1 af=d$ ! family a refuge = ! w9t]4 ,he _h s9ce contriv$ to build himself ano!r dwell+1 9 :i* our p>ty f\nd him1 aft] five ye>s' resid5ce1 ! fa!r ( a family1 & ! *ief ( a happy h\sehold4 ,gladly w\ld ! travell]s h rema9$ "s "t long] "u 8 hospitable ro(1 b ! birds ( passage 7 mov+ to ! s\?1 w>n+ !m to foll[ _! example4 ,?us !y set out1 on ,augu/ #ae1 = _! homew>d voyage1 :i* prov$ no less difficult & labori\s ?an ! =m]4 ,at l5g?1 aft] w&]+ ?r\gh des]ts & swamps--frequ5tly wet to ! sk91 & (t5 )\t food = _m h\rs--!y arriv$ at ,r[animi1 :]e !y emb>k$ on ! ,kemi ,riv]4 8,) conflict+ feel+s10 says ,ca/rn1 8,i desc5d$ its /ream2 = e cat>act 0 n only well-kn[n to me f ! days ( my e>lie/ *ildhood1 b ! cat>acts 7 ev5 ! only acqua9tances :i* dea? _h left me 9 ! place ( my bir?4 ,along ) ! m\rnful impressions :i* ! loss ( belov$ relations made ^u my m9d1 x 0 delightful to r5ew my int]c\rse ) ! rapid /ream & its wat]falls--^? boi/]\s playfell[s1 :i* _h (t5 br\ght me into p]il :5 a boy4 ,n[1 z be=e1 x 0 a pleasant sport to me to be hurri$ along by _! tumultu\s wat]s1 & to be wett$ by _! spray4 ,! boatm5 (t5 tri$ to p]suade me to l& be=e pass+ ! mo/ dang]\s wat]falls1 & decl>$ t !y c\ld n be answ]able = my safety4 ,b1 9 spite ( all _! remon/rances1 ,i rema9$ 9 ! boat1 nor _h ,i reason to rep5t ( my boldness1 = ,he :o is ! /e]sman ( all boats grant$ u a safe arrival at ,kemi1 :]e our ,lapl& j\rney t]m9at$40#i ,9 #ahda ,ca/rn publi%$ a metrical translation1 into ! ,sw$i% language1 ( ! 8,kalewala10 a cycle ( ! olde/ poems ( ! ,f9s2 & at ! end ( ! same ye> proce$$ on 8 fir/ great j\rney to ! l& ( ! ,european ,samoedes1 & f !nce across ! nor!rn ,ural ,m\nta9s to ,sib]ia4 ,9 ! fam\s conv5t ( ,solovetskoi1 situat$ on a small isl& 9 ! ,:ite ,sea1 he hop$ to f9d a fri5dly tea*] ( ! ,samoede language 9 ! ,ar*im&rite ,w5jam91 :o _h labor$ z a mission>y among t savage p1 b ! *urli% dignit>y jeal\sly refus$ him all assi/ance2 & z ! tundras ( ! ,samoedes are only accessible dur+ ! w9t]1 he resolv$ to turn ! int]val to acc\nt by a j\rney among ! ,t]ski ,lapps1 :o inhabit ! we/]n %ores ( ! ,:ite ,sea4 ,) ?is view1 9 an evil h\r ( ! #bg? ,june1 #ahdb1 ?\gh suff]+ at ?is "t f illness sev]e en\gh to h deta9$ any less p]sev]+ travell]1 he emb>k$ at ,ar*angel 9 a l>ge corn-lad5 vessel1 ) a reasonable prospect ( be+ l&$ at ,tri ,o/r[a 9 "s tw5ty-f\r h\rs2 b a dead calm deta9$ him eight days1 dur+ :i* he _h no *oice b to endure ! horrible /5* ( ,russian sea-/ores 9 ! cab9 or ! scor*+ sun on deck4 ,at l5g? a favorable w9d arose1 & aft] a few h\rs' sail+ no?+ 0 to be se5 b wat] & sky4 ,soon ! ,t]ski coa/ came 9 view1 ) its :ite ice-capp$ %ore1 & ,ca/rn hop$ soon to be releas$ f 8 float+ prison1 :5 sudd5ly ! w9d *ang$1 &1 increas+ to a /orm1 ?reat5$ to da% !m on ! cliffs ( ! ,solovetskoi ,isl&s4 8,bo? ! capta9 & ! %ip's company began to despair ( _! lives2 & pray]s hav+ be5 resort$ to 9 va91 to conjure ! dang]1 g5]al drunk5ness 0 ! next res\rce4 ,! capta91 f9d+ 8 own br&y too weak to procure ! /upefaction he desir$1 left me no peace till ,i _h giv5 him a bottle ( rum4 ,aft] hav+ by degrees empti$ its cont5ts1 he at l5g? obta9$ 8 end1 & fell asleep 9 ! cab94 ,! crew1 foll[+ 8 example1 dropp$ d[n "o by "o into _! cribs1 & ! %ip 0 left )\t guidance to ! m]cy ( ! w9ds & waves4 ,i alone rema9$ on deck1 & gloomily await$ ! decisive mom5t4 ,b ,i soon discov]$ t ! w9d 0 ve]+ to ! ea/1 &1 awak+ ! capta9 f 8 drunk5 le?>gy1 s5t him on deck1 & took possession ( 8 b$4 ,exhau/$ by ! dreadful sc5es ( ! day1 ,i soon fell into a deep slumb]2 & :5 ,i awoke ! foll[+ morn+1 ,i f\nd myself aga9 on ! ea/]n coa/ ( ! ,:ite ,sea1 at ! foot ( a high %elt]+ rock-wall40 ,cont9u$ bad wea!r & increas+ illness n[ =c$ ,ca/rn to give up 8 project$ visit to ! ,lapps1 & :5 he return$ to ,ar*angel1 bo? 8 heal? & 8 purse 7 9 a sad condition4 ,he _h b fifte5 r\bles 9 8 pocket1 b =tunately f\nd "s ,samoede begg>s /ill poor] ?an himself1 "o ( :om1 = ! rew>d ( an occasional glass ( br&y1 cons5t$ to become at once 8 ho/1 8 s]vant1 & 8 private tutor 9 ! ,samoede language4 ,9 ! hut & society ( ?is savage he pass$ ! rema9d] ( ! summ]1 8 heal? improv$1 & soon also 8 f9ances *ang$ wond]fully = ! bett]--! ,gov]nm5t ( ,f9l& hav+ grant$ him a ?\s& silv] r\bles = ! prosecution ( 8 travels4 ,) a light he>t he cont9u$ 8 l+ui/ic /udies until ! end ( ,novemb]1 :5 he />t$ ) r5ew$ en?usiasm = ! l& ( ! ,european ,samoedes4 ,^! imm5se tundras ext5d f ! ,:ite ,sea to ! ,ural ,m\nta9s1 & are b\nd$ on ! nor? by ! ,pol> ,sea1 & on ! s\? by ! region ( =e/s1 :i* "h rea*es z high z ! latitudes ( #ff & #fg4 ,! l>ge riv] ,pets*ora divides ^! dre>y wa/es into two unequal halves1 ^: scanty population1 z may easily be imag9$1 is sunk 9 ! deepe/ b>b>ism4 ,x consi/s ( nomadic ,samoedes1 & ( a few ,russians1 :o inhabit "s mis]able settlem5ts along ! great /ream & its tribut>y riv]s4 ,to bury himself = a :ole ye> 9 ^! melan*oly des]ts1 ,ca/rn left ,ar*angel 9 ,novemb]1 #ahdb4 ,z f> z ,mes51 #cde v]/s nor? ( ,ar*angel1 ! scanty population is ,russ & ,*ri/ian4 ,at ,mes5 civilization ceases1 & f>!r nor? ! ,samoede reta9s = ! mo/ "p1 ) 8 primitive habits & language1 8 hea!n fai?--hav+1 9 fact1 borr[$ no?+ f occasional int]c\rse ) civiliz$ man b ! means & practice ( drunk5ness4 ,ca/rn's fir/ c>e1 on 8 arrival at ,mes51 0 to look = a ,samoede int]pret] & tea*]2 b he 0 z unsuccessful "h z at ,som%a1 a village "s =ty v]/s f>!r on1 :]e drunk5ness 0 ! ord] ( ! day4 ,he took ! mo/ temp]ate p]son he c\ld f9d 9 all ,som%a into 8 s]vice1 b ev5 ?is mod]ate man w\ld1 accord+ to our ideas1 h be5 acc\nt$ a p]fect drunk>d4 ,he n[ resolv$ to try ! fair sex1 & engag$ a female tea*]1 b %e also c\ld n rema9 sob]4 ,at l5g? a man 0 introduc$ to him z ! mo/ le>n$ p]son ( ! tundra1 & at fir/ x seem$ z if he _h at l5g? f\nd :at he want$2 b aft] a few h\rs ! ,samoede began to get tir$ ( 8 num]\s que/ions1 & decl>$ himself ill4 ,he ?rew himself ^u ! floor1 wail$ & lam5t$1 & begg$ ,ca/rn to h pity on him1 until at l5g? ! inc5s$ philologi/ turn$ him out-(-doors4 ,soon aft] he f\nd him ly+ dead drunk 9 ! sn[ be=e ! 8,elephant & ,ca/le0 ( ! place4 ,?us oblig$ to look = in/ruction else:]e1 ,ca/rn resolv$ to travel1 9 ! middle ( w9t]1 to ! ,russian village ( ,pu/os]sk1 at ! m\? ( ! ,pets*ora1 :]e ! fair annually attracts a numb] ( ,samoedes4 ,dur+ ?is sl$ge-j\rney ( #gjj v]/s1 he _h to re/ sometimes 9 ! op5 air on ! /orm-beat5 tundra1 & sometimes 9 ! rickety t5t ( ! ,samoede1 or 9 ! sc>cely less wret*$ hut ( ! ,russian coloni/--:]e ! sn[ p5etrat$ ?r\gh ! crevices ( ! wall1 :]e ! flame ( ! light flick]$ 9 ! w9d1 & a ?ick cloak ( wolf-sk9 af=d$ ! only protection aga9/ ! pi]c+ cold ( ! ,arctic w9t]4 ,= ?is ardu\s t\r1 two sl$ges1 ) f\r re9de] atta*$ to ea*1 7 employ$--! travell]'s sl$ge1 :i* 0 cov]$1 be+ atta*$ to an uncov]$ "o occupi$ by ! guide4 ,! ,kan9 ,tundra /ret*$ out be=e !m1 z !y flew along1 almo/ z nak$ z ! sea1 ( :i* !y saw ! m>g9 9 ! ea/2 & _h n ! w9d "h & !re driv5 away ! sn[ :i* ,heav5 9 its m]cy /rews ov] ?is gloomy l&1 !y might h be5 9 d\bt on :i* elem5t !y 7 travell+4 ,daily1 f "t to "t1 "s dw>f firs made _! appe>ance1 or clumps ( l[ will[s1 :i* g5]ally d5ote ! pres5ce ( "s little brook sl[ly w9d+ ?r\gh ! flat tundra4 ,! village ( ,ness1 on ! nor? coa/1 0 ! fir/ halt+-place1 & "h ,ca/rn flatt]$ himself he _h at l5g? f\nd :at 8 he>t desir$1 9 ! p]son ( a ,samoede tea*] :o knew ,russian1 & 0 gift$ ) a cle>] head ?an is usually possess$ by 8 race4 8,! man 0 consci\s ( 8 sup]iority1 & :ile act+ z a pr(essor look$ d[n ) contempt ^u 8 weak] bre?r54 ,once1 "s o!r ,samoedes v5tur+ to correct "o ( 8 translations1 he comm&$ !m to be sil5t1 tell+ !m !y 7 n le>n$4 ,i tri$ by all possible means to secure ! s]vices ( ?is ,samoede ph5om5on4 ,i spoke k9dly ) him1 ,i paid him well1 gave him e day 8 all[ance ( br&y1 & nev] once =bade him to get drunk :5 he felt incl9$ to d s4 ,yet1 9 spite ( all my endeavors to please1 he felt unhappy1 & sigh$ = ! lib]ty ( ! tundra4 #8,?\ art k9d1 & ,i love !e1' said he "o day to me1 #8b ,i c n endure conf9em5t4 ,be !re=e m]ciful1 & give me my fre$om4' 8,i n[ increas$ 8 daily pay & 8 rations ( br&y1 s5t = 8 wife & *ild1 treat$ 8 wife also ) br&y1 & did all ,i c\ld to dispel ! melan*oly ( ! ,samoede4 ,by ^! means ,i induc$ him to rema9 a few days long] ) me4 8,:ile ,i 0 con/antly occupy+ him1 ! wife 0 busy sew+ ,samoede dresses1 & sometimes assi/$ h] husb& 9 8 translations4 ,i (t5 he>d h] sigh+ deeply1 & hav+ ask$ = ! reason1 %e bur/ into te>s1 & answ]$ t %e griev$ = h] husb&1 :o 0 ?us imprison$ 9 a room4 #8,?y husb&1' 0 my reply1 #8is n worse (f ?an ?yself4 ,tell me1 :at d y ?9k ( y\r own position8' #8,i d n ?9k ( myself--,i am sorr[ful = my husb&1' 0 h] +5u\s reply4 ,at l5g? bo? ! husb& & ! wife begg$ me s e>ne/ly to set !m at lib]ty t ,i all[$ !m to dep>t40 ,on ! way f ,pjos*a to ,pu/os]sk1 aft] ,ca/rn _h once m va9ly endeavor$ to discov] t r>a avis1 a ,samoede tea*]1 he became ?or\ghly acqua9t$ ) ! ,janu>y sn[-/orms ( ! tundra3 8,! w9d arose ab\t noon1 & blew s viol5tly t we c\ld n see ! re9de] be=e our sl$ges4 ,! ro( ( my vehicle1 :i* at fir/ _h af=d$ me "s protection1 0 soon c>ri$ away by ! gale4 ,anxi\s ab\t my fate1 ,i que/ion$ my guides1 :5ev] !y /opp$ to bru% (f ! sn[ :i* _h accumulat$ ^u me1 & receiv$ ! inv>iable answ]1 #8,we d n "k :]e we are1 & see no?+4' ,we proce$$ /ep by /ep1 n[ foll[+ "o direction1 n[ ano!r1 until at l5g? we rea*$ a riv] well kn[n to ! guides4 ,! lead] ( ! fir/ sl$ge hurri$ 8 re9de] d[n ! precipit\s bank1 & drove away ^u ! ice to seek a m conv5i5t desc5t2 b z he did n return1 ! o!r guide likewise left me to look aft] 8 companion1 & ?us ,i 0 kept wait+ = sev]al h\rs on ! tundra1 )\t kn[+ :]e my guides _h gone to4 8,at fir/ ,i did n ev5 "k t !y _h left me1 & :5 ,i became aw>e ( ! fact1 ,i ?\ght t !y _h ab&on$ me to my fate4 ,i w n attempt to describe my s5sations2 b my bodily condition 0 su*1 t :5 ! cold increas$ ) ! approa* ( night1 ,i 0 seiz$ ) a viol5t fev]4 ,i ?\ght my la/ h\r 0 come1 & prep>$ = my j\rney to ano!r _w40 ,! re-appe>ance ( ! guides reliev$ ,ca/rn ( 8 anxiety1 & :5 ! little p>ty rea*$ "s ,samoede huts1 ! elde/ ( ! guides knelt d[n at ! side ( our travell]'s sl$ge & express$ 8 joy 9 a pray] to ,god1 begg+ ,ca/rn to jo9 him 9 8 ?anksgiv+s1 8= ,he1 & n ,i1 has ?is night sav$ !e40 ,! next morn+1 z ! wea!r seem$ to improve1 & ! road 7along ! ,indiga ,riv]7 to ! next ,russian settlem5t 0 easy to f9d1 ,ca/rn resolv$ to pursue 8 j\rney4 8,b ! /orm once m arose1 & became s dreadfully viol5t t ,i c\ld nei!r brea! nor keep my eyes op5 aga9/ ! w9d4 ,! ro>+ ( ! gale /upefi$ my s5ses4 ,! moi/ sn[ wett$ me dur+ ! day1 & ! night conv]t$ x into ice4 ,half froz51 ,i arriv$ aft] midnight at ! settlem5t4 ,! fatigues ( ! j\rney _h be5 su* t ,i c\ld sc>cely /&2 ,i _h almo/ lo/ my consci\sness1 & my sight _h suff]$ s mu* f ! w9d t ,i repeat$ly ran ) my =ehead aga9/ ! wall4 ,! ro>+ ( ! /orm cont9ually res\nd$ 9 my e>s = _m h\rs aft]40 ,a few days lat] ,ca/rn arriv$ at ,pu/os]sk1 und\bt$ly "o ( ! dre>ie/ places 9 ! _w4 ,) sc>cely a trace ( arboreal vegetation1 ! eye1 dur+ ! great] "p ( ! ye>1 re/s on an int]m9able wa/e ( sn[1 :]e ! cold w9ds are almo/ p]petually rag+4 ,! /orms are s viol5t z n seldom to c>ry away ! ro(s ( ! huts1 & to prev5t ! wret*$ inhabitants f fet*+ wat] & fuel4 ,9 ?is ,nor!rn ,ed5 our indefatigable e?nologi/ t>ri$ sev]al mon?s1 z x af=d$ him an excell5t opportunity = cont9u+ 8 /udies ( ! language1 mann]s1 & religion ( ! ,samoedes1 :o come to ! fair ( ,pu/os]sk dur+ ! w9t]1 to b>t] _! re9de] sk9s = fl\r & o!r commodities1 & at ! same "t to indulge 9 _! favorite bev]age--br&y4 ,at l5g? ! ,samoedes retir$1 ! busy season ( ! place 0 evid5tly at an end1 & ,ca/rn1 hav+ no fur!r inducem5t to rema9 at ,pu/os]sk1 left x = ! village ( ,u/sylmsk1 situat$ #aej v]/s high] up ! ,pets*ora1 :]e he hop$ /ill to f9d "s /raggl+ ,samoedes4 ,! road to ,u/sylmsk leads ?r\gh s desolate a region1 t1 accord+ to ! prie/s ( ! neighborhood1 x c n h be5 orig9ally creat$ by ,god ) ! re/ ( ! _w1 b mu/ h be5 =m$ aft] ! ,deluge4 ,ne> ,u/sylmsk 7#fe #cj ,n4 lat47 ! c\ntry improves1 z mo/ ( ! nor!rn trees gr[ ab\t ! place2 b1 un=tunately1 a simil> praise c n be aw>d$ to its inhabitants1 :om ,ca/rn f\nd to be ! mo/ brutal & ob/9ate ,raskolniks 7or sect>ians7 he _h ev] se54 ,)\t 9 ! lea/ c>+ = ! ,t5 ,comm&m5ts1 & indulg+ 9 e vice1 ^! absurd fanatics fanci$ !mselves bett] ?an ! re/ ( mank9d1 because !y made ! sign ( ! cross ) ! ?umb & ! two la/ f+]s1 & /ood = h\rs toge!r be=e an image 9 /upid contemplation4 ,our homeless travell] soon became ! object ( _! p]secutions2 !y call$ him 8wiz>d10 8a poison] ( riv]s & wells10 & insult$ him dur+ 8 walks4 ,at l5g? !y ev5 attempt$ to take 8 life1 s t he ?\ght be/ to retreat to ,i%emsk1 on ! ,i%ma1 a hundr$ v]/s f>!r to ! s\?4 ,b1 un=tunately1 8 bad reputation _h prec$$ him1 & al?\gh ! ,isprawnik 7or p>i% (ficial7 & 8 wife w>mly took 8 "p1 ! p cont9u$ to reg>d him ) suspicion4 ,t[>ds ! end ( ,june ,ca/rn asc5d$ ! ,pets*ora & its *ief tribut>y1 ! ,uusa1 z f> z ! village ( ,kolwa1 :]e he sp5t ! rema9d] ( ! summ]1 deeply buri$ z usual 9 ,samoede /udies4 ,beyond ,kolwa1 :i* he left on ,septemb] #af = ,obdorsk1 !re is n a s+le settlem5t along ! ,uusa & its tribut>ies4 ,z he asc5d$ ! riv]1 ! mead[s on its l[ banks appe>$ color$ ) ! gray t9ts ( autumn4 ,sometimes a wild animal />t$ f its lair1 b no ve/ige ( man 0 to be se54 ,c\ntless flocks ( wild ducks & geese pass$ ov] ! travell]'s head1 on _! way s\?w>d4 ,aft] _m a t$i\s delay1 caus$ by /orms & contr>y w9ds1 ,ca/rn rea*$ 7on ,septemb] #bg7 a wret*$ hut1 ab\t =ty v]/s f ! ,ural1 :]e he 0 oblig$ to wait a :ole mon?1 ) f\rte5 o!r p]sons1 until ! sn[-track ov] ! m\nta9s became practicable = sl$ges4 ,! total want ( e com=t1 ! bad company1 ! p]petual ra91 & ! dre>y aspect ( ! c\ntry1 made 8 prolong$ /ay 9 ?is mis]able t5em5t almo/ unbe>able4 ,at l5g?1 on ,octob] #be1 he 0 able to dep>t1 & on ,novemb] #c he saw ! ,ural ,m\nta9s rais+ _! sn[-capp$ summits to ! skies4 8,! wea!r is mild10 said 8 ,samoede driv]1 8& ?\ art =tunate1 b ! ,ural c be v diff]5t40 ,he !n describ$ ! dreadful /orms t rage ov] ! b\nd>y-*a9 :i* sep>ates ,europe f ,asia1 & h[ !y precipitate /ones & rocks f ! m\nta9-tops4 ,?is "t ! dread$ pass 0 cross$ 9 safety1 & on ,novemb] #i1 #ahdc1 ,ca/rn arriv$ at ,obdorsk1 on ! ,obi1 exhau/$ 9 /r5g? & %att]$ 9 heal?1 b yet delight$ to f9d himself 9 ,asia1 ! l& ( 8 e>ly dreams4 ,obdorsk--! mo/ nor!rly colony 9 ,we/]n ,sib]ia1 &1 z may easily be imag9$1 utt]ly defici5t 9 all t c be int]e/+ to an ord9>y travell]--0 z mu* z a univ]sity to ! zeal\s /ud5t1 = sev]al ?\s&s ( ,samoedes & ,o/iaks congregate to its fair f hundr$s ( v]/s ar\nd4 ,no bett] place c\ld possibly be f\nd = ! prosecution ( 8 rese>*es2 b ! deplorable condition ( 8 heal? did n all[ him to rema9 z long z he w\ld h desir$ at ?is f\nta9-head ( k4 ,he 0 ?us oblig$ to leave = ,tobolsk1 & to return 9 ,m>*1 #ahdd1 by ! %orte/ road to ,f9l&4 ,9 ! foll[+ summ] 7#ahde7 we aga9 f9d him on ! banks ( ! ,irtys* & ! ,obi1 plung$ 9 ,o/iak /udies ) r5ew$ en]gy & en?usiasm4 ,aft] hav+ soj\rn$ = sev]al weeks at ,toropk[a1 a small isl& at ! conflu5ce ( ^! two mighty /reams1 he asc5d$ ! ,obi 9 ,july z f> z ,surgut1 :]e he arriv$ 9 ! beg9n+ ( ,augu/4 ,9 consequ5ce ( ! ov]fl[+ ( its wat]s1 ! riv] _h spread into a b\ndless lake1 ^: monotony 0 only reliev$1 f "t to "t1 by "s small wood$ isl& or "s inundat$ village4 ,! ris+ ( ! /ream _h spread mis]y f> & wide1 = _m ,o/iak families _h be5 oblig$ to ab&on _! huts1 & to seek a refuge 9 ! =e/s4 ,^? :o _h horses & c[s _h ! greate/ difficulty to keep !m alive2 & z all ! mead[s 7 "u wat]1 & ! autumn1 ) its night-fro/s1 0 already approa*+1 !re 0 sc>cely any hope ( mak+ hay = ! w9t]4 ,z ,ca/rn proce$$ on 8 j\rney1 ! l[ banks ( ! riv] rose above ! wat]s1 & appe>$ 9 all _! wild & gloomy desolation4 ,! numb] ( inhabitants along ! ,obi is utt]ly insignificant :5 comp>$ ) ! wide ext5t ( ! c\ntry2 & z hunt+ & fi%+ are _! *ief occupations1 no?+ is done to subdue ! wild]ness4 ,! we>y eye sees b a dull succession ( moors1 will[ bu%es1 dry hea?s1 & firs on ! high] gr\nds4 ,ne> e fl\ri%+ tree /&s ano!r be>+ ! m>ks ( decay4 ,! "y grass is hemm$ 9 its gr[? by t ( ! previ\s ye>1 :i* ev5 9 ,july gives ! mead[ a dull a%-gray color4 ,cranes1 wild ducks1 & geese are almo/ ! only liv+ creatures to be se54 ,f ,silj>ski to ,surgut1 a di/ance ( #bjj v]/s1 !re are b ?ree ,russian villages2 & ! ,o/iaks1 :o =m ! ma9 "p ( ! population1 g5]ally live along ! tribut>y riv]s1 or erect _! summ] huts on ! small] arms ( ! ,obi1 :]e !y c make a bett] use ( _! v imp]fect fi%+ implem5ts ?an on ! pr9cipal /ream4 ,surgut1 once a =tress1 & ! *ief t[n ( ! ,cossack conqu]ors ( ,sib]ia1 is n[ r$uc$ to a few mis]able huts1 scatt]$ among ! ru9s ( repeat$ conflagrations4 ,"h ,ca/rn rema9$ till ,septemb] #bd1 occupi$ ) ! /udy ( ! v>i\s dialects ( ! neighbor+ ,o/iak tribes1 & !n asc5d$ ! ,obi z f> z ,n>ym1 a di/ance ( #hjj v]/s4 ,mo/ ( ! fi%]m5 _h already retir$ f ! banks ( ! riv]1 & a dea?-l /illness1 r>ely int]rupt$ by an ,o/iak boat rapidly %oot+ ?r\gh ! /ream1 reign$ ov] its wat]s4 ,=tunately ! wea!r 0 f9e1 at lea/ dur+ ! fir/ days ( ! j\rney2 & ! gre5 riv]-banks1 ! birds s++ 9 ! trees1 & ! sunbeams glanc+ ov] ! wide mirror ( ! ,obi1 some:at enliv5$ ! monotony ( ! sc5e4 ,aft] hav+ enjoy$ at ,n>ym a rem>kably mild ,sib]ian w9t]1 z no cr[s _h be5 froz5 to dea?1 & hav+ increas$ 8 k ( ! ,o/iak dialects1 ,ca/rn proce$$ 9 ! foll[+ spr+1 by way ( ,tomsk1 to ,krasnoj>sk1 on ! ,j5issei1 :]e he arriv$ 9 ,april1 #ahdf1 & 0 welcom$ 9 a mo/ agreeable & unexpect$ mann]4 ,x w be rememb]$ t dur+ 8 /ay at ,i%emsk1 9 ! tundra ( ! ,samoedes1 he f\nd w>m-he>t$ fri5ds & protectors aga9/ ! insane bigotry ( ! ,raskolniks 9 ! ,isprawnik & 8 "y & amiable wife4 ,( ! latt] x might truly be said t %e 0 l a fl[] born to blu% unse5 9 ! des]t4 ,rem>kably eloqu5t1 %e 0 no less tal5t$ 9 express+ h] ?\ghts by writ+2 & yet %e 0 only ! daught] ( a s]f :o _h be5 exil$ to ,krasnoj>sk1 & _h sp5t a great "p ( a small prop]ty1 acquir$ by indu/ry & economy1 9 ! education ( 8 gift$ daught]4 ,! ,isprawnik1 a "y ,pole ( ins9uat+ mann]s1 hav+ ga9$ h] affections1 %e _h accompani$ him to ,i%emsk z 8 wife4 ,f :at ,ca/rn _h told h] ?ree ye>s s9ce ab\t 8 future plans1 %e knew t he w\ld probably arrive ab\t ?is "t at ,krasnoj>sk1 & _h writt5 a lett]1 :i* rea*$ its de/9ation only a few h\rs be=e him4 ,x 0 to h] fa!r1 e>ne/ly begg+ him to pay e att5tion to ! homeless /rang]4 ,! feel+s ( ,ca/rn may easily be imag9$ :5 ! old man knock$ at 8 door1 & br\ght him ^! fri5dly greet+s f a di/ance ( #fjjj v]/s4#aj ,b 8 /ay at ,krasnoj>sk 0 n ( long duration1 = he 0 impati5t to proce$ nor?w>d1 = ! purpose ( becom+ acqua9t$ ) ! tribes dwell+ along ! ,j5issei1 aft] hav+ /udi$ _! bre?r5 ( ! ,obi4 ,f ,june till ! end ( ,july1 8 lit]>y pursuits deta9$ him at ,turu*ansk1 :]e1 9 ! vic9ity ( ! ,arctic ,circle1 he _h mu* to suff] f ! heat & ! mosquitoes4 ,9 ! beg9n+ ( ,augu/ ! signs ( approa*+ w9t] made _! appe>ance1 ! cold nor? w9d swept away ! leaves f ! trees1 ! fi%]m5 retir$ to ! woods1 & ! ducks & geese prep>$ to migrate to ! s\?4 ,& n[ ,ca/rn also took leave ( ,turu*ansk--n h[ev]1 l ! birds1 = a m sunny region1 b to bury himself /ill deep] 9 ! nor!rn wilds ( ! ,j5issei4 ,bel[ ,turu*ansk ! riv] beg9s to fl[ s languidly1 t :5 ! w9d is contr>y1 ! boat mu/ be dragg$ along by dogs1 & advances no m ?an f five to t5 v]/s dur+ a :ole day4 ,?us ! travell] has full "t to notice ! will[s on ! left bank1 & ! firs on ! "r2 ! ice-blocks1 surviv+ memorials ( ! la/ w9t]1 :i* ! spr+ inundations h left "h & !re on ! banks ( ! va/ /ream2 & ! c\ntless troops ( wild birds t fly ) l\d clamor ov] 8 head4 ,ab\t #cfe v]/s bel[ ,turu*ansk is situat$ ,pla*9a1 ! fi%+-/ation ( a small tribe ( ,samoedes1 among :om ,ca/rn t>ri$ ?ree weeks4 ,he _h tak5 possession ( ! be/ ( ! ?ree huts ( :i* ! place consi/$1 b ev5 ?is w\ld h be5 p]fectly intol]able to any "o b our zeal\s e?nologi/4 ,into 8 /udy ! daylight p5etrat$ s sp>+ly ?r\gh a small hole 9 ! wall1 t he 0 (t5 oblig$ to write by ! light ( a res9\s tor* 9 ! middle ( ! day4 ,! flame flick]+ 9 ! w9d1 :i* blew ?r\gh a ?\s& crevices1 affect$ 8 eyes no less sev]ely ?an ! smoke1 :i* at ! same "t r5d]$ respiration difficult4 ,al?\gh ! ro( _h be5 repair$1 yet dur+ e /rong ra9--& x ra9$ almo/ p]petually--he 0 oblig$ to pack up 8 pap]s1 & to protect himself f ! wet z if he _h be5 9 ! op5 air4 ,f ?is delightful resid5ce1 ,ca/rn1 /ill pursu+ 8 /udy ( ! ,samoede dialects1 proce$$ d[n ! riv] to ,dud9ka1 & f9ally1 9 ,novemb]1 to ,tol/oi ,noss1 ^: pleasant climate may be judg$ ( by ! fact t x is situat$ 9 ! latitude ( #ga4 ,?is la/ voyage 0 p]=m$ 9 a 8balok10 or close sl$ge1 cov]$ ) re9de] sk9s4 ,! t$i\sness ( be+ convey$ l a corpse 9 a d>k & n>r[ box1 induc$ him to ex*ange ! 8balok0 = an op5 sl$ge2 b ! freez+ ( 8 feet1 ( 8 f+]s1 & ( "p ( 8 face1 soon caus$ him to rep5t ( 8 tem]ity4 ,z soon z ?is accid5t 0 discov]$ at ! next /ation1 ,ca/rn crept back aga9 into 8 prison1 & 0 he>tily glad :51 aft] a n9e days' conf9em5t1 he at l5g? arriv$ at ,tol/oi ,noss1 :i* he f\nd to consi/ ( f\r wret*$ huts4 ,"h aga9 he sp5t sev]al weeks /udy+ by tor*light1 = ! sun _h made 8 la/ appe>ance 9 ,novemb]1 & ! day 0 r$uc$ to a fa9t glimm]+ at noon4 ,9 ,janu>y we f9d him on 8 return-voyage to ,turu*ansk1 a place :i*1 ?\gh n v *>m+ 9 itself1 appe>$ delightful to ,ca/rn aft] a six mon?s' resid5ce 9 ! tundras beyond ! ,arctic ,circle4 ,turu*ansk c boa/ at lea/ ( see+ "s daylight at all seasons ( ! ye>1 & ?is may be enjoy$ ev5 )9-doors1 = ,turu*ansk possesses no less ?an f\r h\ses ) glass w9d[s4 ,long+ to rea* ?is comp>atively sunny place1 ,ca/rn1 aga9/ 8 usual cu/om1 resolv$ to travel day & night )\t /opp+1 b 8 impati5ce well-nigh prov$ fatal to him4 ,8 ,samoede guide _h n p]ceiv$ 9 ! d>k t ! wat]s ( ! ,j5issei1 ov] :i* !y 7 travell+1 _h ooz$ ?r\gh fissures 9 ! ice1 & inundat$ ! surface ( ! riv] f> & wide4 ,?us he drove into ! wat]1 :i* ( c\rse 0 rapidly congeal+2 ! re9de] 7 unable to drag ! sl$ge back aga9 ^u ! l&1 & ,ca/rn /uck fa/ on ! riv]1 ) ! agreeable prospect ( be+ froz5 to dea?4 ,f ?is imm95t dang] he 0 rescu$ by a wond]ful circum/ance4 ,lett]s hav+ arriv$ f ! ,imp]ial ,academy ( ,/4 ,pet]sburg1 a c\ri] _h be5 dispat*$ f ,turu*ansk to convey !m to ,ca/rn4 ,?is c\ri] =tunately rea*$ him :ile he 0 9 ?is p]il\s situation1 help$ him on l&1 & conduct$ him to a ,samoede hut1 :]e he 0 able to w>m 8 /iff5$ limbs4 ,aft] su* a j\rney1 we c n wond] t1 on arriv+ at ,turu*ansk1 he 0 s torm5t$ ) rheumatism & too?a*e z to be oblig$ to re/ !re sev]al days4 ,) sore jo9ts & an a*+ body1 he sl[ly proce$$ to ,j5iseisk1 :]e he arriv$ on ,april #c1 #ahdg1 9 a wret*$ /ate ( heal?1 :i* h[ev] _h n int]rupt$ 8 ,o/iak /udies on ! way4 ,i rapidly glance ov] 8 subsequ5t travels1 z !y are b a repetition ( ! same privations & ! same h>d%ips1 all *e]fully su/a9$ = ! love ( k4 ,hav+ some:at recruit$ 8 /r5g? at ,j5iseisk1 he cross$ ! ,sajan ,m\nta9s to visit "s ,samoedes beyond ! ,russian fronti]--a j\rney :i*1 besides ! usual fatigues1 involv$ ! additional risk ( be+ arre/$ z a spy by ! ,*9ese au?orities2 & ! ye> aft] he visit$ ,transbaikalia1 to make inquiries among ! ,buriat prie/s ab\t ! anci5t hi/ory ( ,sib]ia4 ,hav+ ?us accompli%$ 8 task1 & ?or\ghly inve/igat$ ! wild nations ( ! ,f9ni% race f ! conf9es ( ! ,arctic ,sea to ! ,altai--a task :i* co/ him 8 heal?1 & ! be/ "p ( 8 en]gies--he long$ to brea! ! air ( 8 native c\ntry4 ,b nei!r ! pleasures ( home1 nor a pr(essor%ip at ! ,univ]sity ( ,hels+=s1 ri*ly e>n$ by almo/ sup]-human ex]tions1 7 able to arre/ ! g]ms ( disease1 :i* j\rneys su* z ^! c\ld sc>cely fail to plant ev5 9 8 orig9ally robu/ con/itution4 ,aft] l+]+ "s ye>s1 he di$ 9 #ahee1 univ]sally lam5t$ by 8 c\ntrym51 :o ju/ly m\rn$ 8 e>ly dea? z a national loss4 ,illu/ration3 #gf4 ,a ,,samo,,ede ,,prie/4 ,,*apt] ,,xiv4 ,,! ,,samo,,edes4 ,_! ,b>b>ism4--,num1 or ,jilibeamba]tje4--,%amanism4--,samoede ,idols4--,sjadi4--,hahe4--,! ,tadebtsios1 or ,spirits4--,! ,tadibes1 or ,sorc]]s4--,_! ,dress4--,_! ,invocations4--,_! conjur+ ,tricks4--,rev]5ce paid to ! ,dead4--,a ,samoede ,oa?4--,appe>ance ( ! ,samoedes4--,_! ,dress4--,a ,samoede ,belle4--,"* ( ! ,samoedes4--,_! decreas+ ,numb]s4-- ,traditions ( anci5t ,h]oes4 ,! ,samoedes1 ! neighbors ( ! ,lapl&]s1 are /ill f>!r remov$ f civiliz$ society1 & plung$ 9 ev5 deep] b>b>ism4 ,! wilde/ tundras & woods ( ,nor!rn ,russia & ,we/]n ,sib]ia are ! home ( ! ,samoede4 ,) 8 re9de] h]ds he w&]s ov] ! nak$ wa/es1 f ! ea/]n coa/ ( ! ,:ite ,sea to ! banks ( ! ,*atanga1 or hunts 9 ! b\ndless =e/s betwe5 ! ,obi & ! ,j5issei4 ,8 int]c\rse ) ! ,russians is conf9$ to 8 annual visit at ! fairs ( su* mis]able settlem5ts z ,obdorsk & ,pu/os]sk1 :]e1 f> f improv+ by _! company1 he b too (t5 becomes ! prey ( _! av>ice1 & le>ns to "k !m m]ely z *eats & oppressors4 ,prote/ant mission>ies h long s9ce br\ght in/ruction to ! ,lapl&]'s hut1 b ! majority ( ! less =tunate ,samoedes /ill adh]e to ! gross sup]/itions ( _! fa!rs4 ,!y believe 9 a ,supreme ,be+--,num1 or ,jilibeamba]tje--:o resides 9 ! air1 &1 l ! ,jupit] ( old1 s5ds d[n ?und] & lightn+1 ra9 & sn[2 & z a pro( t some?+ ( a poetic fancy is to be f\nd ev5 among ! mo/ savage nations1 !y call ! ra9b[ 8! hem ( 8 g>m5t40 ,z ?is deity1 h[ev]1 is too f> remov$ f !m to leave !m any hope ( ga9+ 8 favor1 !y nev] ?9k ( (f]+ him ei!r pray] or sacrifice4 ,b1 besides ,num1 !re are a great _m inf]ior spirits1 or idols1 :o directly int]f]e 9 human conc]ns--caprici\s be+s1 :o all[ !mselves to be influ5c$ by (f]+s1 or yield to magical incantations2 & to ^!1 !re=e1 ! ,samoede has rec\rse :5 he feels ! necessity ( invok+ ! aid or av]t+ ! wra? ( a high] ,p[]4 ,! *ief ( all ,samoede idols is 9 ! isl& ( ,waygatz--a cold & melan*oly ,delos--:]e x 0 already f\nd by old ,b>5tz4 ,?is idol is a m]e block ( /one1 ) its head tap]+ to a po9t4 ,x has ?us be5 fa%ion$1 n by a mortal arti/1 b by a play ( nature4 ,aft] ?is orig9al ! ,samoedes h =m$ _m idols ( /one or wood ( v>i\s sizes1 :i* !y call 8,sjadi10 f _! possess+ a human physiognomy 7sja74 ,^! idols !y dress 9 re9de] sk9s1 & ornam5t !m ) all sorts ( color$ rags4 ,b a resemblance to ! human =m is n ! necess>y attribute ( a ,samoede idol2 any irregul>ly-%ap$ /one or tree may be ?us di/+ui%$4 ,if ! object is small1 ! savage c>ries x e :]e ab\t ) him1 c>efully wrapp$ up2 if too cumb]some to be transport$1 x is res]v$ z a k9d ( national deity4 ,z ) ! ,o/iaks1 ea* ,samoede tribe has 9 its tra9 a peculi> sl$ge--! ,hah5gan--9 :i* ! h\sehold idols 7or ,hahe7 are plac$4 ,"o ( ^! ,p5ates protects ! re9de]1 ano!r wat*es ov] ! heal? ( 8 wor%ipp]s1 a ?ird is ! gu>dian ( _! connubial happ9ess1 a f\r? takes c>e to fill _! nets ) fi%4 ,:5ev] 8 s]vices are requir$1 ! ,hahe is tak5 f 8 repository1 & erect$ 9 ! t5t or on ! pa/ure-gr\nd1 9 ! wood or on ! riv]'s bank4 ,8 m\? is !n sme>$ ) oil or blood1 & a di% ) fi% or fle% is set be=e him1 9 ! full expectation t 8 good (fices w amply repay ! savory repa/4 ,:5 8 aid is no long] necess>y1 he is put aside )\t any fur!r c]emony1 & z little notic$ z ! ,madonna ( ! ,neapolitan fi%]man aft] ! /orm has ceas$4 ,! ,hahe1 or idols1 are v conv5i5t objects ( rev]5ce to ! ,samoede1 z he c consult !m1 or ask _! assi/ance1 )\t be+ initiat$ 9 ! secrets ( magic2 :ile ! ,tadebtsios1 or invisible spirits1 :i* ev]y:]e hov] ab\t 9 ! air1 & are m incl9$ to injure ?an to b5efit man1 c only be invok$ by a ,tadibe1 or sorc]]1 :o1 l ! ,cuman ,sibyl1 works himself into a /ate ( ec/atic fr5zy4 ,:5 8 s]vices are requir$1 ! fir/ c>e ( ! ,tadibe is to inve/ himself ) 8 magical mantle--a k9d ( %irt made ( re9de] lea!r1 & hemm$ ) r$ clo?4 ,! seams are cov]$ 9 a simil> mann]1 & ! %\ld]s are decorat$ ) epaulettes ( ! same gaudy mat]ial4 ,a piece ( r$ clo? veils ! eyes & face--= ! ,tadibe requires no ext]nal organs ( sight to p5etrate into ! _w ( spirits--& a plate ( poli%$ metal %9es ^u 8 brea/4 ,?us acc\tr$1 ! ,tadibe seizes 8 magical drum1 ^: s\nds summon ! spirits to 8 w4 ,its =m is r\nd1 x has b "o bottom1 made ( re9de] sk91 & is m or less decorat$ ) brass r+s & o!r ornam5ts1 accord+ to ! weal? or pov]ty ( its possessor4 ,dur+ ! c]emony ( invocation1 ! ,tadibe is g5]ally assi/$ by a disciple1 m or less initiat$ 9 ! magic art4 ,!y ei!r sit d[n1 or walk ab\t 9 a circle4 ,! *ief sorc]] beats ! drum1 at fir/ sl[ly1 !n ) increas+ viol5ce1 s++ at ! same "t a few words to a my/ic melody4 ,! disciple imm$iately falls 91 & bo? repeat ! same monoton\s *ant4 ,at l5g? ! spirits appe>1 & ! consultation is suppos$ to beg92 ! ,tadibe f "t to "t rema9+ sil5t1 z if li/5+ to _! answ]s1 & b g5tly beat+ 8 drum1 :ile ! assi/ant cont9ues to s+4 ,f9ally1 ?is mute conv]sation ceases1 ! song *anges into a wild h[l+1 ! drum is viol5tly /ruck1 ! eye ( ! ,tadibe gl[s ) a /range fire1 foam issues f 8 lips--:5 sudd5ly ! upro> ceases1 & ! oracul> s5t5ce is pron\nc$4 ,! ,tadibes are consult$ n only = ! purpose ( recov]+ a /range re9de]1 or to pres]ve ! h]d f a contagi\s disord]1 or to obta9 success 9 fi%+2 ! ,samoede1 :5 a prey to illness1 seeks no o!r m$ical advice2 & ! sorc]]'s drum ei!r sc>es away ! malevol5t spirits t cause ! malady1 or summons o!rs to ! assi/ance ( 8 pati5t4 ,! (fice ( ,tadibe is g5]ally h]$it>y1 b individuals gift$ by nature ) excitable n]ves & an ard5t imag9ation n seldom desire to be initiat$ 9 ^! sup]natural communications4 ,no "o c tea* ! c&idate4 ,8 morbid fancy is work$ ^u by solitude1 ! contemplation ( ! gloomy aspect ( nature1 long vigils1 fa/s1 ! use ( n>cotics & /imulants1 until he becomes p]suad$ t he too has se5 ! app>itions :i* he has he>d ( f 8 boyhood4 ,he is !n receiv$ z a ,tadibe ) _m c]emonies1 :i* are held 9 ! sil5ce ( ! night1 & inve/$ ) ! magic drum4 ,?us ! ,tadibe p>tly believes 9 ! visions & fancies ( 8 own ov]heat$ bra94 ,besides deal+ ) ! invisible _w1 he does n neglect ! usual arts ( an exp]t conjuror1 & kn[s by ?is means to increase 8 influ5ce ov] 8 simple-m9d$ c\ntrym54 ,"o ( 8 commone/ tricks is simil> to t :i* has be5 practis$ ) s mu* success by ! ,bro!rs ,dav5port4 ,he sits d[n1 ) 8 h&s & feet b\nd1 on a re9de] sk9 /ret*$ out ^u ! floor1 &1 ! light be+ remov$1 beg9s to summon ! m9i/]+ spirits to 8 aid4 ,/range une>?ly noises n[ beg9 to be he>d--be>s gr[l1 snakes hiss1 squirrels ru/le ab\t ! hut4 ,at l5g? ! tumult ceases1 ! audi5ce anxi\sly awaits ! end ( ! spectacle1 :5 sudd5ly ! ,tadibe1 fre$ f 8 bonds1 /eps into ! hut--no "o d\bt+ t ! spirits h set him free4 ,z b>b>\s z ! poor wret*es :o submit to 8 guidance1 ! ,tadibe is incapable ( improv+ _! moral condition1 & has no wi% to d s4 ,"u v>i\s names--,s*amans among ! ,tungusi1 ,angekoks among ! ,esquimaux1 m$ic9e-m5 among ! ,crees & ,*epewyans1 etc4--we f9d simil> magicians or impo/ors assum+ a spiritual dictator%ip ov] all ! ,arctic nations ( ! ,old & ! ,new ,_w1 :]ev] _! au?ority has n be5 brok5 by ,*ri/ianity or ,buddhism2 & ?is dre>y fai? /ill ext5ds its influ5ce ov] at lea/ half a million ( s\ls1 f ! ,:ite ,sea to ! extremity ( ,asia1 & f ! ,pacific to ,hudson's ,bay4 ,l ! ,o/iaks & o!r ,sib]ian tribes1 ! ,samoedes honor ! memory ( ! dead by sacrifices & o!r c]emonies4 ,!y believe t _! deceas$ fri5ds h /ill ! same wants1 & pursue ! same occupations1 z :5 9 ! l& ( ! liv+2 & ?us !y place 9 or ab\t _! graves a sl$ge1 a spe>1 a cook+-pot1 a knife1 an axe1 etc41 to assi/ !m 9 procur+ & prep>+ _! food4 ,at ! fun]al1 & = sev]al ye>s aft]w>ds1 ! relations sacrifice re9de] ov] ! grave4 ,:5 a p]son ( note1 a pr9ce1 a ,/>s*9a1 ! proprietor ( num]\s h]ds ( re9de]1 dies 7= ev5 among ! mis]able ,samoedes we f9d ! social di/9ctions ( ri* & poor71 ! ne>e/ relations make an image1 :i* is plac$ 9 ! t5t ( ! deceas$1 & enjoys ! respect paid to him dur+ 8 lifetime4 ,at e meal ! image is plac$ 9 8 =m] seat1 & e ev5+ x is undress$ & laid d[n 9 8 b$4 ,dur+ ?ree ye>s ! image is ?us honor$1 & !n buri$2 = by ?is "t ! body is suppos$ to be decay$1 & to h lo/ all s5sation ( ! pa/4 ,! s\ls ( ! ,tadibes1 & ( ^? :o h di$ a viol5t dea?1 alone enjoy ! privilege ( immortality1 & aft] _! t]re/rial life hov] ab\t 9 ! air z unsub/antial spirits4 ,yet 9 spite ( ?is privilege1 & ( ! savory morsels t fall to _! %>e at e sacrificial fea/1 or ( ! pres5ts receiv$ = _! s]vices1 ! ,tadibes are v unhappy be+s4 ,! ec/atic condition into :i* !y s frequ5tly "w !mselves %att]s _! n]ves & d>k5s _! m9d4 ,wild looks1 blood%ot eyes1 an unc]ta9 gait1 & a %y mann]1 are among ! effects ( ?is p]iodical excitem5t4 ,l ! ,o/iaks1 ! ,samoedes consid] ! tak+ ( an oa? z an action ( ! highe/ religi\s importance4 ,:5 a crime has be5 secretly committ$ aga9/ a ,samoede1 he has ! "r to dem& an oa? f ! suspect$ p]son4 ,if no wood5 or /one ,hahe is at h&1 he manufactures "o ( e>? or sn[1 leads 8 oppon5t to ! image1 sacrifices a dog1 breaks ! image1 & !n addresses him ) ! foll[+ words3--8,if ?\ ha/ committ$ ?is crime1 !n mu/ ?\ p]i% l ?is dog40 ,! ill consequ5ces ( p]jury are s mu* dread$ by ! ,samoedes--:o1 ?\gh !y h b v fa9t ideas ( a future /ate1 firmly believe t crime w be puni%$ 9 ?is life1 murd] ) viol5t dea?1 or robb]y by losses ( re9de]--t ! true crim9al1 :5 call$ ^u to swe>1 h>dly ev] submits to ! c]emony1 b r at once confesses 8 guilt & pays ! p5alty4 ,! mo/ effectual security = an oa? is t x %\ld be solemniz$ ov] ! sn\t ( a be>--an animal :i* is highly rev]$ by all ! ,sib]ian tribes1 f ! ,kam*atkans to ! ,samoedes1 z well z by ! ,lapl&]s4 ,l ! ,lapl&]s1 !y believe t ! be> conceals "u 8 %aggy coat a human %ape ) m ?an human wisdom1 & speak ( him 9 t]ms ( ! highe/ rev]5ce4 ,l ! ,lapps also1 :5 occasion (f]s1 !y w drive an arr[ or a bullet ?r\gh 8 sk92 b !y preface ! attack ) s _m complim5ts t !y feel sure ( dis>m+ 8 ang]4 ,! appe>ance ( ! ,samoedes is z wild z ! c\ntry :i* !y inhabit4 ,! dw>fi% /ature ( ! ,o/iak1 or ! ,lapp1 ?ick lips1 small eyes1 a l[ =ehead1 a broad nose s mu* flatt5$ t ! end is ne>ly ^u a level ) ! bone ( ! upp] jaw 7:i* is /rong & greatly elevat$71 rav5-black %aggy hair1 a ?9 be>d1 & a yell[-br[n complexion1 are _! *>act]i/ic features1 & 9 g5]al !y d no?+ to improve a =m :i* has b little natural beauty to boa/ (4 ,! ,samoede is satisfi$ if 8 heavy re9de] dress af=ds him protection aga9/ ! cold & ra91 & c>es little if x be dirty or ill-cut2 "s d&ies1 h[ev]1 we> furs trimm$ ) clo? ( a gaudy color4 ,! wom51 z long z !y are unm>ri$1 take "s pa9s ) _! p]sons2 & :5 a ,samoede girl1 ) h] small & lively black eyes1 appe>s 9 h] re9de] jacket tightly fitt+ r\nd ! wai/1 & trimm$ ) dog-sk91 9 h] sc>let moccas9s1 & h] long black tresses ornam5t$ ) pieces ( brass or t91 %e may well tempt "s ri* admir] to (f] a :ole h]d ( re9de] = h] h&4 ,= among ! ,samoedes no fa!r ev] ?9ks ( be/[+ a portion on 8 daught]3 on ! contr>y1 he expects f ! bridegroom an equival5t = ! s]vices :i* he is ab\t to lose by h] m>riage4 ,! consequ5ce ( ?is degrad+ cu/om is t ! husb& treats 8 consort l a slave1 or z an inf]ior be+4 ,a ,samoede1 :o _h murd]$ 8 wife1 0 q surpris$ at be+ summon$ be=e a c\rt ( ju/ice = :at he consid]$ a trifl+ (f5se2 8he _h hone/ly paid = h]10 he said1 8& c\ld surely d :at he lik$ ) 8 own40 ,! s5ses & faculties ( ! ,samoedes correspond to _! mode ( life z nomads & hunt]s4 ,!y h a pi]c+ eye1 delicate he>+1 & a /eady h&3 !y %oot an arr[ ) great accuracy1 & are swift runn]s4 ,on ! o!r h&1 !y h a gross ta/e1 g5]ally consum+ _! fi% or _! re9de] fle% raw2 & _! smell is s weak t !y appe> q ins5sible to ! putrefy+ odors aris+ f ! scrap+s ( sk9s1 /9k+ fi%1 & o!r (fal :i* is all[$ to accumulate 9 & ab\t _! huts4 ,! ,samoede is good-natur$1 melan*oly1 & phlegmatic4 ,he has1 inde$1 b indi/9ct notions ( "r & wrong1 ( good & evil2 b he possesses a grateful he>t1 & is ready to divide 8 la/ morsel ) 8 fri5d4 ,cruelty1 rev5ge1 ! d>k] crimes t pollute s _m ( ! savage tribes ( ! tropical zone1 are =eign to 8 "*4 ,con/antly at w> ) a dreadful climate1 a prey to ignorance & pov]ty1 he reg>ds mo/ ( ! ?+s ( ?is life ) supreme indiff]5ce4 ,a good meal is ( c\rse a matt] ( importance 9 8 eyes2 b ev5 ! want ( a meal he w be> ) /oical apa?y1 :5 x c only be ga9$ by ex]tion1 = he sets a /ill high] value on repose & sleep4 ,a common trait 9 ! "* ( all ,samoedes is ! gloomy view :i* !y take ( life & its conc]ns2 _! int]nal _w is z *e]less z t :i* surr\nds !m4 ,true m5 ( ice & sn[1 !y rel9qui%1 )\t a murmur1 a life :i* !y c h>dly love1 z x imposes ^u !m _m privations1 & af=ds !m b few pleasures 9 return4 ,!y are suspici\s1 l all oppress$ nations t h mu* to suff] f _! m crafty or en]getic neighbors4 ,ob/9ately atta*$ to _! old cu/oms1 !y are oppos$ to all innovations2 & !y h be5 s (t5 deceiv$ by ! ,russians1 t !y may well be p>don$ if !y look ) a mi/ru/ful eye ^u all b5efits com+ f t s\rce4 ,! weal? ( ! ,samoedes consi/s 9 ! possession ( h]ds ( re9de]1 & ,p4 von ,krus5/]n1 9 #ahde1 calculat$ ! numb] own$ by ! ,samoedes ( ! ,l[] ,pets*ora1 ne> ,pu/os]sk1 at #dj1jjj head--a mu* small] numb] ?an :at !y =m]ly _h1 ow+ to a succession ( mis=tunes4 ,! ,russian settl]s along t imm5se /ream & its tribut>ies gradually obta9 possession ( _! be/ pa/ure-gr\nds1 & =ce !m to rec$e )9 n>r[] & n>r[] limits4 ,?us _m h be5 r$uc$ to ! wret*$ condition ( ! ,arctic fi%]man1 or h be5 compell$ to ex*ange _! anci5t indep5d5ce = a life ( submission to ! w ( an imp]i\s ma/]4 ,! entire numb] ( ! ,european & ,asiatic ,samoedes is e/imat$ at no m ?an ab\t #aj1jjj1 & ?is numb]1 small z x is :5 comp>$ to ! va/ t]ritory ov] :i* !y roam1 is /ill decreas+ f ye> to ye>4 ,be=e _! subjugation by ! ,russians1 ! ,samoedes 7 frequ5tly at w> ) _! neighbors1 ! ,o/iaks1 ! ,woguls1 & ! ,t>t>s1 & ! rude poems :i* celebrate ! de$s ( ! h]oes ( old are /ill sung 9 ! t5ts ( _! peaceful desc5dants4 ,! m9/rel1 or tr\bad\r--if ,i may be all[$ to use ^! names :ile speak+ ( ! rude/ ( mank9d--is seat$ 9 ! c5tre ( ! hut1 :ile ! audi5ce squat ar\nd4 ,8 ge/iculations endeavor to express 8 sympa?y ) 8 h]o4 ,8 body trembles1 8 voice quiv]s1 & dur+ ! m pa!tic p>ts ( 8 /ory1 te>s />t to 8 eyes1 & he cov]s 8 face ) 8 left h&1 :ile ! "r1 hold+ an arr[1 directs its po9t to ! gr\nd4 ,! audi5ce g5]ally keep sil5ce1 b _! groans accompany ! h]o's dea?2 or :5 he so>s ^u an eagle to ! cl\ds1 & ?us escapes ! malice ( 8 enemies1 !y express _! delight by a triumphant %\t4 ,illu/ration3 #gg4 ,,banks ,,( ,,! ,,irtys*4 ,,*apt] ,,xv4 ,,! ,,o/iaks4 ,:at is ! ,obi8--,inundations4--,an ,o/iak summ] ,y\rt4--,pov]ty ( ! ,o/iak ,fi%]m54--,a w9t] ,y\rt4--,atta*m5t ( ! ,o/iaks to _! anci5t ,cu/oms4--,an ,o/iak ,pr9ce4--,ar*]y4-- ,appe>ance & ,"* ( ! ,o/iaks4--,! ,fair ( ,obdorsk4 ,:at is ! ,obi8--8,"o ( ! mo/ melan*oly riv]s on e>?10 say ! few ,european travell]s :o h ev] se5 x roll its turbid wat]s ?r\gh ! wild]ness1 8its monoton\s banks a dre>y succession ( swamps & dismal p9e-=e/s1 & h>dly a liv+ creature to be se51 b cranes1 wild ducks1 & geese40 ,if y address ! same "q to "o ( ! few ,russians :o h settl$ on its banks1 he answ]s1 ) a dev\t mi51 8,obi is our "m20 b if y ask ! ,o/iak1 he bur/s =?1 9 a laconic b en]getic phrase1 8,obi is ! god :om we honor above all our o!r gods40 ,to him ! ,obi is a s\rce ( life4 ,) its salmon & /urgeon he pays 8 taxes & debts1 & buys 8 few luxuries2 :ile ! fi%es ( inf]ior quality :i* get entangl$ 9 8 net he keeps = 8 own consumption & t ( 8 fai?ful dog1 eat+ !m mo/ly raw1 s t ! p]* n seldom feels 8 tee? z soon z x is pull$ out ( ! wat]4 ,9 spr+1 :5 ! ,obi & its tribut>ies bur/ _! bonds ( ice1 & ! floods sweep ov] ! pla9s1 ! ,o/iak is frequ5tly driv5 into ! woods1 :]e he f9ds b little to appease 8 hung]2 at l5g?1 h[ev]1 ! wat]s subside1 ! flat banks ( ! riv] appe> above _! surface1 & ! savage erects 8 summ] hut close to its /ream4 ,?is hovel has g5]ally a quadrangul> =m1 l[ walls1 & a high po9t$ ro(1 made ( will[-bran*es cov]$ ) l>ge pieces ( b>k4 ,^!1 hav+ fir/ be5 s(t5$ by boil+1 are sewn toge!r1 s z to =m l>ge mats or c>pets1 easily roll$ up & transport$4 ,! he>?1 a m]e hole inclos$ by a few /ones1 is 9 ! c5tre1 & ! smoke escapes ?r\gh an ap]ture at ! top4 ,close to ! hut !re is also1 g5]ally1 a small /ore-h\se erect$ on high poles1 z 9 ,lapl&2 = ! provisions mu/ be secur$ aga9/ ! attacks ( ! glutton1 ! wolf1 or ! own]'s dogs4 ,al?\gh ! ,obi & its tribut>ies--! ,irtys*1 ! ,wa*1 ! ,wasjugan--abundantly provide = ! wants ( ! ,o/iaks1 yet ^? :o are exclusively fi%]m5 vegetate 9 a /ate ( ! greate/ pov]ty1 9 indol5ce1 drunk5ness1 & vice4 ,! wily ,russian settl]s h got !m completely 9 _! p[]1 by advanc+ !m goods on cr$it1 & ?us secur+ ! produce ( _! fi%]ies f ye> to ye>4 ,dur+ ! :ole summ] ,russian speculators f ,obdorsk1 ,b]es[1 & ,tobolsk sail ab\t on ! ,obi1 to receive f _! ,o/iak debtors ! salmon & /urgeon :i* !y h caught1 or to fi% on _! own acc\nt1 :i*1 z hav+ bett] nets & m assi/ance1 !y d ) mu* great] success ?an ! poor savages4 ,! ,russian ,gov]nm5t has1 inde$1 confirm$ ! ,o/iaks 9 ! possession ( almo/ all ! l& & wat] 9 ! t]ritories ( ! ,l[] ,obi & ,irtys*1 b ! ,russian trad]s f9d means to monopolize ! be/ "p ( ! fi%]ies2 = ignorance & /upidity1 9 spite ( all laws 9 _! favor1 are n[h]e a mat* = m]cantile cunn+4 ,at ! beg9n+ ( w9t] ! ,o/iaks retire into ! woods1 :]e !y f9d at lea/ "s protection aga9/ ! ,arctic bla/s1 & are busy hunt+ ! sable or ! squirrel2 b z fi%+ af=ds !m at all times _! *ief food1 !y take c>e to e/abli% _! w9t] huts on "s em95ce above ! rea* ( ! spr+ inundations1 ne> "s small riv]1 :i*1 ?r\gh holes made 9 ! ice1 af=ds _! nets & angl]s a prec>i\s supply4 ,_! w9t] y\rt is some:at m solidly con/ruct$ ?an _! summ] resid5ce1 z x is n remov$ e ye>4 ,x is l[ & small1 & its walls are pla/]$ ) clay4 ,light is admitt$ ?r\gh a piece ( ice ins]t$ 9 ! wall or on ! ro(4 ,9 ! bett] sort ( huts1 ! space along "o or sev]al ( ! walls is hung ) mats made ( s$ges1 & "h ! family sits or sleeps4 ,sometimes a small ante*amb] s]ves to hang up ! clo!s1 or is us$ z a repository = h\sehold ut5sils4 ,besides ^? :o live solely ^u fi%es & birds ( passage1 !re are o!r ,o/iaks :o possess re9de] h]ds1 & w&] 9 summ] to ! bord] ( ! ,pol> sea1 :]e !y also cat* seals & fi%4 ,:5 w9t] approa*es1 !y sl[ly return to ! woods4 ,f9ally1 9 ! m s\!rly di/ricts1 !re are "s ,o/iaks :o1 hav+ entirely adopt$ ! ,russian mode ( life1 cultivate ! soil1 keep cattle1 or e>n _! livelihood z c>ri]s4 ,9 g5]al1 h[ev]1 ! ,o/iak1 l ! ,samoede1 ob/9ately )/&s all innovations1 & rema9s true to ! cu/oms ( 8 =efa!rs4 ,he has be5 s (t5 deceiv$ by ! ,russians t he is lo? to receive ! gifts ( civilization f _! h&s4 ,he fe>s t if 8 *ildr5 le>n to read & write1 !y w no long] be satisfi$ to live l _! p>5ts1 & t ! s*ool w deprive him ( ! support ( 8 age4 ,he is no less ob/9ately atta*$ to ! religion ( 8 fa!rs1 :i* 9 all ess5tial po9ts is id5tical ) t ( ! ,samoedes4 ,9 "s ( ! s\!rn di/ricts1 along ! ,irtys*1 at ,surgut1 he has inde$ be5 baptiz$1 & hangs up ! image ( a sa9t 9 8 hut1 z 8 ,russian pope or prie/ has in/ruct$ him to d2 b 8 ,*ri/ianity ext5ds no f>!r4 ,along ! tribut>ies ( ! ,obi1 & bel[ ,obdorsk1 he is /ill plung$ 9 ,s*amanism4 ,l ! ,samoedes1 ! ,o/iaks1 ^: entire numb] am\nts to ab\t #be1jjj1 are subdivid$ into tribes1 rem9d+ "o ( ! ,highl& clans4 ,ea* tribe consi/s ( a numb] ( families1 ( a common desc5t1 & sometimes compris+ _m hundr$ individuals1 :o1 h[ev] di/antly relat$1 consid] x a duty to assi/ ea* o!r 9 di/ress4 ,! =tunate fi%]man divides ! spoils ( ! day ) 8 less =tunate clansman1 :o h>dly ?anks him = a gift :i* he consid]s z 8 due4 ,9 cases ( dispute ! ,/>s*9a1 or eld]1 acts z a judge2 if1 h[ev]1 ! p>ties are n satisfi$ ) 8 v]dict1 !y appeal to ! high] au?ority ( ! h]$it>y *iefta9 or pr9ce--a title :i* has be5 conf]r$ by ! ,empress ,ca!r9e ,,ii4 on ! ,o/iak magnates1 :o1 f "t immemorial1 h be5 consid]$ z ! heads ( _! tribes4 ,^! pr9ces are1 ( c\rse1 subord9ate to ! ,russian (ficials1 & b\nd to appe>1 ) ! ,/>s*9as1 at ! fairs ( ,b]es[ or ,obdorsk1 z !y are answ]able = ! quantity & quality ( ! v>i\s sorts ( furs :i* ! ,o/iaks are oblig$ to pay z a tribute to ,gov]nm5t4 ,_! dignity is h]$it>y1 &1 9 default ( male desc5dants1 passes to ! ne>e/ male relation4 ,x mu/1 h[ev]1 n be suppos$ t ^! pr9ces are di/+ui%$ f ! o!r ,o/iaks by _! ri*es or a m spl5did appe>ance2 = _! mode ( life diff]s 9 no way f t ( _! inf]iors 9 rank1 &1 l !m1 !y are oblig$ to fi% or to hunt = _! daily subsi/5ce4 ,on ent]+ ! hut ( "o ( ^! dignit>ies1 ,ca/rn f\nd him 9 a ragg$ jacket1 :ile ! pr9cess _h no o!r robe ( /ate b a %irt4 ,! pr9ce1 hav+ lib]ally help$ himself f ! br&y-bottle :i* ! travell] (f]$ him1 became v communicative1 & compla9$ ( ! suff]+s & c>es ( ! pa/ w9t]4 ,he _h ex]t$ himself to ! utmo/1 b )\t success4 ,f> f giv+ way to indol5ce 9 8 turf-hut1 he _h be5 out hunt+ 9 ! =e/1 aft] ! fir/ sn[-fall1 b r>ely pit*+ 8 b>k-t5t1 & frequ5tly sleep+ 9 ! op5 air4 ,yet1 9 spite ( all 8 ex]tions1 he _h (t5 n be5 able to %oot a s+le pt>migan4 ,8 /ores ( meal & froz5 fi%es 7 soon exhau/$1 & sometimes ! pr9cely family _h be5 r$uc$ to eat ! fle% ( wolves4 ,! ,o/iaks are excell5t ar*]s1 &1 l all ! o!r hunt+ tribes ( ,sib]ia1 use v>i\sly con/ruct$ arr[s = ! diff]5t objects ( _! *ase4 ,small] %afts1 ) a knob ( wood at ! end1 are de/9$ = ! squirrels & o!r small animals ^: fur x is desirable n to injure2 :ile l>ge arr[s1 ) /rong triangul> iron po9ts1 br+ d[n ! wolf1 ! be>1 & sometimes ! fugitive exile4 ,=1 to prev5t ! escape ( crim9als s5t5c$ to bani%m5t 9 ,sib]ia1 ! ,russian ,gov]nm5t all[s ! ,o/iaks to %oot any unkn[n p]son1 n belong+ to _! race1 :om !y may meet ) on _! t]ritory4 ,al?\gh well aw>e ( ?is dang]1 sev]al exiles h attempt$ to escape to ,ar*angel along ! bord] ( ! ,arctic sea2 b !y ei!r di$ ( hung]1 or 7 dev\r$ by wild bea/s1 or %ot by ! ,o/iaks4 ,!re is b "o in/ance kn[n ( an exile :o1 aft] sp5d+ a :ole ye> on ! j\rney1 at l5g? rea*$ ! abodes ( civiliz$ man1 & he 0 p>don$ 9 consid]ation ( ! dreadful suff]+s he _h und]gone4 ,! ,o/iaks are g5]ally ( a small /ature1 & mo/ ( !m are d>k-complexion$1 ) rav5-black hair l ! ,samoedes2 "s ( !m1 h[ev]1 h a fair] sk9 & light-color$ hair4 ,!y h nei!r ! oblique eyes nor ! broad project+ *eek-bones ( ! ,mongols & ,tungus1 b be> a great] resemblance to ! ,f9ni%1 ,samoede1 & ,turki% ca/ ( c\nt5ance4 ,!y are a good-natur$1 indol5t1 hone/ race2 & ?\gh !y are extremely dirty1 yet _! smoky huts are n m fil?y ?an ^? ( ! ,norwegian or ,icel&ic fi%]man4 ,z among ! ,samoedes1 ! wom5 are 9 a v degrad$ condition1 ! fa!r always giv+ 8 daught] 9 m>riage to ! highe/ bidd]4 ,! price is v diff]5t1 & rises or falls accord+ to ! circum/ances ( ! p>5t2 = :ile ! ri* man asks fifty re9de] = 8 *ild1 ! poor fi%]man is glad to "p ) 8 daught] = a few squirrel-sk9s & dri$ /urgeon4 ,illu/ration3 #gh4 ,,gr\p ,,( ,,kirghis4 ,be=e tak+ leave ( ! ,o/iaks1 we w /ill t>ry a mom5t at ! small t[n ( ,obdorsk1 :i* may be consid]$ z ! capital ( _! c\ntry1 & entirely owes its exi/5ce to ! trade c>ri$ on betwe5 !m & ! ,russians4 ,=m]ly ! m]*ants f ,b]es[ & ,tobolsk us$ m]ely to visit ! spot1 b ! difficulties ( ! j\rney soon compell$ !m to e/abli% p]man5t dwell+s 9 t dre>y region4 ,a c]ta9 numb] ( exiles s]ves to increase ! scanty population1 :i* consi/s ( a /range m$ley ( v>i\s nations1 among :om ,ca/rn f\nd a ,calmuck1 a ,kirghis1 & a ,poli% cook1 :o bitt]ly compla9$ t he _h b few opportunities ( %[+ 8 skill 9 a t[n :]e p liv$ la ,o/iak4 ,9 fact1 mo/ ( ! ,russian inhabitants ( ! place h 9 s f> adopt$ ! ,o/iak mode ( life1 z to deem ! cook+ ( _! victuals sup]flu\s4 ,:5 ,ca/rn1 on 8 arrival at ,obdorsk1 paid a visit to a ,tobolsk m]*ant1 :o _h be5 = "s "t settl$ 9 ! place1 he f\nd ! :ole family ly+ on ! floor1 regal+ on raw fi%1 & ! mo/ civiliz$ p]son he met ) told him t he _h ta/$ nei!r boil$ nor roa/ fle% or fi% = half a ye>4 ,yet f9e %awls & dresses1 & n[ no d\bt ! cr9ol9e & ! *ignon1 are f\nd amid/ all ?is b>b>ism4 ,edifices ) ! lea/ pret5sions to ar*itectural beauty x w\ld ( c\rse be va9 to look = 9 ,obdorsk4 ,! h\ses ( ! bett] sort ( ,russian settl]s are two-/ori$1 or consi/+ ( a gr\nd-floor & g>rets2 b z !y are built ( wood1 & are by no means w9d-tight1 ! half-fami%$ ,o/iaks1 :o h settl$ 9 ! t[n1 are probably m com=tably h\s$ 9 _! l[ turf-huts ?an ! prosp]\s ,russian inhabitants ( ! place4 ,! latt] make x _! *ief occupation to *eat ! ,o/iaks 9 e possible way2 "s ( !m1 h[ev]1 add to ?is pr(itable1 if n praisewor?y occupation1 ! keep+ ( re9de] h]ds1 or ev5 ( c[s & %eep4 ,! fair la/s f ! beg9n+ ( w9t] to ,febru>y1 & dur+ ?is "t ! ,o/iaks :o assemble at ,obdorsk pit* _! b>k-t5ts ab\t ! t[n4 ,) _! arrival a new life beg9s to /ir 9 ! wret*$ place4 ,gr\ps ( ! wild sons & daught]s ( ! tundra1 clo!d 9 heavy sk9s1 make _! appe>ance1 & /roll sl[ly ?r\gh ! /reets1 admir+ ! high wood5 h\ses1 :i* to !m seem palaces4 ,b no?+ is to be se5 ( ! animation & activity :i* usually *>act]ize a fair4 ,conceal+ "s co/ly fur "u 8 wide sk9 mantle1 ! savage pays 8 cauti\s visit to ! trad]1 & makes 8 b>ga9 amid/ copi\s libations ( br&y4 ,he is well aw>e t ?is und]h& way ( deal+ is detrim5tal to 8 int]e/s2 t 8 timor\s disposition %r9ks f public sales1 & frequ5tly he is n ev5 9 ! situation to pr(it by competition2 = among ! ?\s&s t flock to ! fair1 !re are b v few :o d n owe to ! trad]s ( ,obdorsk mu* m ?an !y possess1 or c ev] hope to repay4 ,woe to ! poor ,o/iak ^: cr$itor %\ld f9d him deal+ ) "s o!r trad]6--= ! seizure ( all 8 movable prop]ty1 ( 8 t5t & h\sehold ut5sils1 w\ld be ! lea/ puni%m5t :i* ! wret* turn$ adrift into ! nak$ des]t w\ld h to expect4 ,! fair is n op5$ be=e ,gov]nm5t has receiv$ ! furs :i* are due to x1 or at lea/ a gu>antee = ! am\nt f ! m]*ants ( ! place4 ,!n ! magaz9es ( ! trad]s gradually fill ) furs--) clo!s ( re9de] sk9 ready made1 ) fea!rs1 re9de] fle%1 froz5 /urgeon1 mammo? tusks1 etc4 ,= ^! goods ! ,o/iaks receive fl\r1 bak$ bread1 tobacco1 pots1 kettles1 knives1 ne$les1 brass buttons & r+s1 glass pe>ls1 & o!r trifl+ articles4 ,an op5 trade 9 spirits is n all[$2 b br&y may be sold z a m$ic9e1 & ?us _m an ,o/iak takes advantage ( ! fair = und]go+ a cure ! rev]se ( t :i* is recomm5d$ by hydropa?ic doctors4 ,t[>ds ! end ( ,febru>y1 :5 ! ,o/iaks h retir$ into ! woods--:]e !y hunt or t5d _! re9de] h]ds until ! op5+ ( ! fi%+-season recalls !m to ! ,obi--! trad] prep>es = 8 j\rney to ,irbit1 :]e he hopes to dispose ( 8 furs at an enorm\s pr(it1 & ,obdorsk is once m left until ! foll[+ w9t] to its dea?-l solitude4 ,illu/ration3 #gi4 ,,tagilsk4 ,,*apt] ,,xvi4 ,,conque/ ,,( ,,sib]ia ,,by ,,! ,,russians--,,_! ,,voyages ,,( ,,discov]y ,,along ,,! ,,%ores ,,( ,,! ,,pol> ,,sea4 ,ivan ! ,t]rible4--,/rogon(f4--,y]mak1 ! ,robb] & ,conqu]or4--,8 ,exp$itions to ,sib]ia4--,battle ( ,tobolsk4-- ,y]mak's ,dea?4--,progress ( ! ,russians to ,o*otsk4--,sem5 ,de%new4--,condition ( ! ,sib]ian ,natives "u ! ,russian ,yoke4--,voyages ( ,discov]y 9 ! ,reign ( ! ,empress ,anna4-- ,pronts*is*ts*ew4--,*>iton & ,demetrius ,laptew4--,an ,arctic ,h]o9e4--,s*alaur[4--,discov]ies 9 ! ,sea ( ,b]+ & 9 ! ,pacific ,ocean4--,! ,l*[ ,isl&s4--,fossil ,ivory4--,new ,sib]ia4--,! wood5 ,m\nta9s4--,! pa/ ,ages ( ,sib]ia4 ,9 ! beg9n+ ( ! ?irte5? c5tury1 ! n[ huge ,empire ( ,russia 0 conf9$ to "p ( h] pres5t ,european possessions1 & divid$ into sev]al indep5d5t pr9cipalities1 ! sc5e ( disunion & almo/ p]petual w>f>e4 ,?us :5 ! c\ntry 0 invad$1 9 #abcf1 by ! ,t>t>s1 "u ,baaty ,khan1 a gr&son ( ! fam\s ,g5gis ,khan1 x fell an easy prey to its conqu]ors4 ,! mis]ies ( a =eign yoke1 aggravat$ by inte/9e discord1 la/$ ab\t #bej ye>s1 until ,ivan ,wasiljewits* ,i4 7#adfb-aeje7 became ! deliv]] ( 8 c\ntry1 & laid ! f\ndations ( h] future greatness4 ,?is able pr9ce subdu$1 9 #adgj1 ! ,great ,novgorod1 a city until !n s p[]ful z to h ma9ta9$ its indep5d5ce1 bo? aga9/ ! ,russian gr& pr9ces & ! ,t>t> khans2 &1 t5 ye>s lat]1 he n only ?rew (f ! yoke ( ! ,khans ( ,khipsack1 b de/roy$ _! empire4 ,! conque/ ( ,con/ant9ople by ! ,turks plac$ ! spiritual diadem ( ! anci5t ,cs>s on 8 head1 & caus$ him1 z *ief ( ! ,greek or?odox ,*ur*1 to ex*ange 8 old title ( ,gr& ,pr9ce = ! m significant & impos+ "o ( ,cz>4 ,8 gr&son1 ,ivan ,wasiljewits* ,,ii41 a cruel b en]getic mon>*1 conqu]$ ,kasan 9 #aeeb1 & ?us completely & p]man5tly ov]?rew ! dom9ion ( ! ,t>t>s4 ,two ye>s lat] he subdu$ ,a/rakhan1 & plant$ ! ,greek cross on ! bord]s ( ! ,caspian ,sea1 :]e until !n only ! ,cresc5t _h be5 se54 ,9 spite ( ! inhuman cruelty t disgrac$ 8 "*1 & e>n$ = him ! "n ( ,t]rible1 ,ivan s\ght1 l 8 illu/ri\s successor1 ,pet] ! ,great1 to introduce ! arts & sci5ces ( ,we/]n ,europe into 8 b>b>\s realm1 & to improve ! ,russian manufactures by enc\rag+ ,g]man arti/s & me*anics to settle 9 ! c\ntry4 ,x 0 9 8 reign t ,*ancellor discov]$ ! passage f ,engl& to ! ,:ite ,sea1 & ,ivan gladly seiz$ ! opportunity ?us af=d$4 ,soon aft] ?is ! port ( ,ar*angel 0 built1 & ?us a new seat 0 op5$ to civilization at ! nor!rn extremity ( ,europe4 ,aft] ! conque/ ( ,kasan1 sev]al ,russians settl$ 9 t prov9ce2 among o!rs1 a m]*ant ( ! "n ( ,/rogon(f1 :o e/abli%$ "s salt-works on ! banks ( ! ,kama1 & op5$ a trade ) ! natives4 ,among ^! he notic$ "s /rang]s1 & hav+ he>d t !y came f a c\ntry rul$ by a ,t>t> ,khan1 :o resid$ 9 a capital call$ ,sibir1 he s5t "s ( 8 p into _! l&4 ,^! ag5ts return$ ) ! f9e/ sable sk9s1 :i* !y _h pur*as$ = a trifl+ sum2 & ,/rogon(f1 n s covet\s z to wi% to keep all ! advantage ( 8 discov]y to himself1 imm$iately in=m$ ! ,gov]nm5t ( ! new trade he _h op5$4 ,he 0 rew>d$ ) ! gift ( consid]able e/ates at ! conflu5ce ( ! ,kama & ,ts*9sova1 & 8 desc5dants1 ! ,c\nts ,/rogon(f1 are1 z is well kn[n1 reckon$ among ! ri*e/ ( ! ,russian nobility4 ,soon aft] ,ivan s5t "s troops to ,sib]ia1 ^: pr9ce1 ,j$ig]1 ackn[l$g$ 8 supremacy1 & promis$ to pay him an annual tribute ( a ?\s& sable sk9s4 ,b ?is connection 0 n ( long duration1 = a few ye>s aft] ,j$ig] 0 defeat$ by ano!r ,t>t> pr9ce1 nam$ ,kut*um ,khan2 & ?us1 aft] ,russian influ5ce _h tak5 ! fir/ /ep to e/abli% itself beyond ! ,ural1 x once m became d\btful :e!r ,nor!rn ,asia 0 to be ,*ri/ian or ,mohamm$an4 ,! "q 0 soon aft] decid$ by a fugitive robb]4 ,! conque/s ( ,ivan on ! ,caspian ,sea _h call$ into life a consid]able trade ) ,bokh>a & ,p]sia1 :i*1 h[ev]1 0 greatly di/urb$ by ! depr$ations ( ! ,don ,cossacks1 :o made x _! practice to plund] ! c>avans4 ,b ,ivan1 n ! man to be trifl$ ) by a horde ( freeboot]s1 imm$iately s5t out a body ( troops aga9/ ! ,don ,cossacks1 :o1 n v5tur+ to meet !m1 s\ght _! safety 9 flight4 ,at ! head ( ! fugitives1 ^: numb] am\nt$ to no less ?an #fjjj m51 0 ,y]mak ,timodajeff1 a man :o1 l ,cortez or ,piz>ro1 0 de/9$ to lay a new empire at ! feet ( 8 ma/]4 ,b :ile ! troops ( ! ,cz> 7 foll[+ 8 track1 ,y]mak 0 n yet dream+ ( future conque/s2 8 only aim 0 to escape ! execution]2 & he consid]$ himself extremely =tunate :51 leav+ 8 pursu]s f> beh9d1 he at l5g? arriv$ on ! e/ates ( ,/rogon(f4 ,"h he 0 well receiv$--bett]1 no d\bt1 ?an if he _h come s+le-h&$ & def5seless2 & ,/rogon(f hav+ made him acqua9t$ ) ,sib]ian affairs1 he at once resolv$ to try 8 =tunes on ?is new sc5e ( action4 ,z ! tyranny ( ,kut*um ,khan _h r5d]$ him odi\s to 8 subjects1 he hop$ x w\ld be an easy task to ov]?r[ 8 p[]2 ! prospect ( a ri* booty ( sable sk9s 0 also extremely attractive2 &1 f9ally1 !re c\ld be no d\bt t ! greate/ dang]s 7 9 8 re>1 & t any *oice 0 bett] ?an to fall into ! h&s ( ,ivan ! ,t]rible4 ,/rogon(f1 on 8 "p1 _h excell5t reasons = enc\rag+ ! adv5ture4 ,if x succe$$1 a consid]able "p ( ! pr(its 0 likely to fall to 8 %>e2 if n1 he at lea/ 0 rid ( 8 unbidd5 gue/4 ,?us ,y]mak1 9 ! summ] ( #aegh1 advanc$ ) 8 ,cossacks along ! banks ( ! ,ts*9sova into ,sib]ia4 ,b1 ei!r f a want ( k ( ! c\ntry1 or f n hav+ tak5 ! necess>y precautions1 he 0 ov]tak5 by w9t] be=e he c\ld make any progress2 & :5 spr+ appe>$1 fam9e compell$ him to return to 8 old qu>t]s1 :]e1 z may easily be imag9$1 8 reception 0 none ( ! mo/ cordial4 ,b1 f> f los+ c\rage f ?is fir/ disappo9tm5t1 ,y]mak 0 firmly resolv$ to p]sev]e4 ,he _h ga9$ exp]i5ce--8 self-confid5ce 0 /eel$ by adv]sity2 & :5 ,/rogon(f attempt$ to refuse him fur!r assi/ance1 he po9t$ to 8 ,cossacks ) ! air ( a man :o has ! means ( en=c+ ob$i5ce to 8 ord]s4 ,?is "t ,y]mak took bett] measures = insur+ success2 he compell$ ,/rogon(f to furni% him ) an ample supply ( provisions & ammunition1 & 9 ! ,june ( ! foll[+ ye> we aga9 f9d him1 ) 8 fai?ful ,cossacks1 on ! m>* to ,sib]ia4 ,b su* 7 ! imp$im5ts :i* ! pa?less swamps & =e/s1 ! sev]ity ( ! climate1 & ! ho/ility ( ! natives oppos$ to 8 progress1 t t[>ds ! end ( #aehj 8 =ce 7n[ r$uc$ to #aejj m57 _h rea*$ no f>!r ?an ! banks ( ! ,t>a4 ,! subsequ5t advance ( ?is little b& 0 a con/ant succession ( h>d%ips & skirmi%es1 :i* caus$ x to melt away l sn[ 9 ! sun%9e2 s t sc>cely #ejj rema9$ :51 at ! conflu5ce ( ! ,tobol & ! ,irtys*1 !y at l5g? rea*$ ! camp ( ,kut*um ,khan1 ^: ov]:elm+ numb]s seem$ to mock _! audacity4 ,b ,y]mak felt z little fe> at sight ( ! innum]able t5ts ( ! ,t>t> ho/1 z ! wolf :5 meet+ a h]d ( %eep4 ,he knew t 8 ,cossacks1 arm$ ) _! mat*locks1 _h long s9ce disda9$ to c\nt _! enemies1 &1 fully det]m9$ to conqu] or to die1 he gave ! ord] to attack4 ,a dreadful battle ensu$1 = ?\gh ! ,t>t>s only f\ght ) _! b[s & arr[s1 yet !y 7 no less brave ?an _! adv]s>ies1 & _! va/ sup]iority ( numb]s made up = ! inf]ior quality ( _! weapons4 ,! /ruggle 0 long d\btful--! ,t>t>s repeat+ attack ^u attack l ! waves ( a /orm-tide1 & ! ,cossacks receiv+ _! assaults z firmly & immovably z rocks2 until1 f9ally1 ! hordes ( ,kut*um ,khan gave way to _! /ubborn ob/9acy1 & 8 camp & all its treasures fell into ! h&s ( ! conqu]ors4 ,! subsequ5t conduct ( ,y]mak prov$ t he _h all ! qualities ( a g5]al & a /atesman1 & t 8 tal5ts 7 n unequal to 8 =tunes4 ,)\t los+ a s+le mom5t1 he1 imm$iately aft] ?is decisive battle1 s5t "p ( 8 small b& to occupy ! capital ( ! vanqui%$ ,kut*um1 = he well knew t a victory is b half ga9$ if "o delays to reap its fruits4 ,! ,cossacks f\nd ! place evacuat$1 & soon aft] ,y]mak made 8 triumphal entry into ,sibir4 ,8 weakness n[ became a s\rce ( /r5g?1 =1 daunt$ by ! wond]ful success ( ?is h&ful ( /rang]s1 ! p f> & wide came to r5d] him homage4 ,! ,o/iaks ( ! ,soswa freely cons5t$ to yield an annual tribute ( #bhj sable sk9s1 & o!r tribes ( ! same nation1 :o 7 m backw>d 9 _! submission1 7 compell$ by 8 m5aces to pay him a tax1 or jassak1 ( elev5 sk9s = e ar*]4 ,x 0 n )\t reason t ,y]mak ?us s\ght to collect z _m ( ^! valuable furs z he possibly c\ld1 = 8 aim 0 to obta9 f ,ivan a p>don ( 8 =m] del9qu5cies1 by pres5t+ him ) ! ri*e/ spoils ( 8 victories1 & he well knew t x w\ld be impossible = him to ma9ta9 8 conque/s )\t fur!r assi/ance f ! ,cz>4 ,great 0 ,ivan's a/oni%m5t :5 an envoy ( ! fugitive robb] br\ght him ! welcome gift ( #bdjj sable sk9s1 & in=m$ him t ,y]mak _h add$ a new prov9ce to 8 realm4 ,he at once compreh5d$ t ! h]o :o ) small means _h a*iev$ su* great successes1 0 ! fitte/ man to consolidate or enl>ge 8 acquisitions2 he consequ5tly n only p>don$ all 8 =m] (f5ses1 b confirm$ him 9 ! dignity ( gov]nor & comm&]-9-*ief 9 ! c\ntries :i* he _h subdu$4 ,?us ,y]mak's envoy1 hav+ be5 receiv$ ) ! greate/ di/9ction at ,mosc[1 return$ to 8 =tunate ma/] ) a robe ( honor :i* _h be5 worn by ! ,cz> himself1 & ! /ill m welcome intellig5ce t re-en=cem5ts 7 on ! m>* to jo9 him4 ,mean:ile ,y]mak _h cont9u$ to advance into ! valley ( ! ,obi beyond its conflu5ce ) ! ,irtys*2 & :5 at l5g? 8 =ce 0 augm5t$ by ! arrival ( #ejj ,russians1 he pursu$ 8 exp$itions ) increas+ audacity4 ,on 8 return f "o ( ^! =ays1 he encamp$ on a small isl& 9 ! ,irtys*4 ,! night 0 d>k & ra9y1 & ! ,russians1 fatigu$ by _! m>*1 reli$ too mu* ^u ! badness ( ! wea!r or ! t]ror ( _! "n4 ,b ,kut*um ,khan1 hav+ be5 in=m$ by 8 spies ( _! want ( vigilance1 cross$ a =d 9 ! riv]1 & fall+ ^u ! unsuspect+ ,russians1 kill$ !m all except "o s+le soldi]1 :o br\ght ! fatal intellig5ce to ,sibir4 ,y]mak1 :5 he saw 8 w>riors fall ar\nd him l grass be=e ! scy!1 )\t los+ 8 pres5ce ( m9d = a mom5t1 cut 8 way ?r\gh ! ,t>t>s1 & endeavor$ to save himself 9 a boat4 ,b 9 ! m$ley he fell into ! wat] & 0 dr[n$4 ,by ! ord]s ( ,kut*um1 ! body ( ! h]o 0 expos$ to e indignity :i* ! rage ( a b>b>ian c ?9k (2 b aft] ?is fir/ explosion ( impot5t fury1 8 foll[]s1 feel+ a%am$ ( ! ignoble conduct ( _! *ief1 buri$ 8 rema9s ) pr9cely pomp1 & ascrib$ miracul\s p[]s to ! grave 9 :i* !y 7 deposit$4 ,! ,russians h also erect$ a monum5t to ,y]mak 9 ! t[n ( ,tobolsk1 :i* 0 built on ! v spot :]e he ga9$ 8 fir/ decisive victory ov] ,kut*um4 ,x is inscrib$ ) ! dates ( t memorable ev5t1 & ( ! un=tunate day :5 he f\nd 8 dea? 9 ! floods ( ! ,irtys*4 ,8 real monum5t1 h[ev]1 is all ,sib]ia f ! ,ural to ! ,pacific2 = z long z ! ,russian nation cont9ues to exi/1 x w rememb] ! "n ( ,y]mak ,timodajeff4 ,! value ( ! man became at once app>5t aft] 8 dea?1 = sc>cely _h ! news ( ! disa/] arriv$1 :5 ! ,russians imm$iately evacuat$ ,sibir1 & left ! c\ntry4 ,b !y well knew t ?is retreat 0 to be b tempor>y1 & t ! pres5t ebb ( _! =tunes w\ld soon be foll[$ by a fre% tide ( success4 ,aft] a few ye>s !y once m return$1 z ! def9itive ma/]s ( ! c\ntry4 ,_! fir/ settlem5t 0 ,tjum51 on ! ,t>a1 & be=e ! end ( #aehg ,tobolsk 0 f\nd$4 ,!y _h1 inde$1 /ill _m a conflict ) ! ,woguls & ,t>t>s1 b e ef=t ( ! natives to %ake (f ! yoke prov$ fruitless4 ,z gold _h be5 ! all-p[]ful magnet :i* l$ ! ,spani>ds f ,hispaniola to ,mexico & ,p]u1 s a small fur-be>+ animal 7! sable7 attract$ ! ,cossacks f>!r & f>!r to ! ea/2 & al?\gh ! possession ( fire-arms gave !m an imm5se advantage ov] ! wild inhabitants ( ,sib]ia1 yet x is z a/oni%+ ) :at trifl+ means !y subdu$ :ole nations1 & p]haps hi/ory af=ds no o!r example ( su* a va/ ext5t ( t]ritory hav+ be5 conqu]$ by s small a numb] ( adv5tur]s4 ,z !y advanc$1 small wood5 =ts 7or o/rogs7 7 built 9 suitable places1 & became 9 _! turn ! />t+-po/s = new exp$itions4 ,! foll[+ dates give ! be/ pro( ( ! uncommon rapidity ) :i* ! tide ( conque/ roll$ onw>d to ! ea/4 ,tomsk 0 f\nd$ 9 #afjd2 & ! o/rog ,j5iseisk1 :]e ! neighbor+ nomads br\ght _! sable sk9s to m>ket1 9 #afba4 ,! sn[-%oes ( ! ,tunguse1 :i* !y sometimes saw ornam5t$ ) ?is co/ly fur1 induc$ ! ,cossacks to foll[ _! hordes1 ( :i* _m _h come f ! middle & inf]ior ,tunguska1 & ?us1 9 #afcj1 ,wassiljew rea*$ ! banks ( ! ,l5a4 ,9 #afcf ,jelissei ,busa 0 commission$ to asc5d t mighty riv]1 & to impose jassak on all ! natives ( ^? qu>t]s4 ,he rea*$ ! we/]n m\? ( ! ,l5a1 & aft] navigat+ ! sea = tw5ty-f\r h\rs came to ! ,olekma1 :i* he asc5d$4 ,9 #afch he discov]$ ! ,tana1 on ^: banks he sp5t ano!r w9t]2 & 9 #afci1 resum+ 8 voyage ea/w>d by sea1 he rea*$ ! ,t*5doma1 & w9t]+ = two ye>s among ! ,jukahirs1 made !m also tribut>y to ,russia4 ,9 t same ye> ano!r p>ty ( ,cossacks cross$ ! ,altai ,m\nta9s1 &1 trav]s+ =e/s & swamps1 arriv$ at ! coa/s ( ! inhospitable ,sea ( ,o*otsk2 :ile a ?ird exp$ition discov]$ ! ,amoor1 & built a /rong o/rog1 call$ ,albas91 on its left bank4 ,! report soon spread t ! riv] roll$ ov] gold-s&1 & coloni/s came flock+ to ! spot1 bo? to collect ^! treasures1 & to enjoy ! fruits ( a mild] climate & ( a m fruitful soil4 ,b ! ,*9ese de/roy$ ! =t 9 #afhj1 & c>ri$ ! g>rison prison]s to ,pek+4 ,albas9 0 soon aft] rebuilt2 b z ,russia at t "t _h no incl9ation to engage 9 con/ant qu>rels ) ! ,cele/ial ,empire ab\t ! possession ( a remote des]t1 all its pret5sions to ! ,amoor 7 giv5 up by ! treaty ( ,n]ts*9sk 7#afhi74 ,?is agreem5t1 h[ev]1 l s _m o!rs1 0 doom$ to la/ no long] ?an x pleas$ ! m p[]ful ( ! contract+ p>ties to keep x1 & came to no?+ z soon z ! possession ( ! ,amoor t]ritory became an object ( importance1 & ! increas+ weakness ( ,*9a 0 no long] able to dispute its possession4 ,?us1 :5 ,c\nt ,ni*olas ,m\rawieff 0 appo9t$ ,gov]nor-g5]al ( ,ea/]n ,sib]ia 9 #ahdg1 "o ( 8 fir/ c>es 0 to appropriate or annex ! ,amoor4 ,he imm$iately s5t a survey+ exp$ition to ! m\? ( ! riv]1 :]e1 9 #ahea1 reg>dless ( ! remon/rances ( ! ,*9ese ,gov]nm5t1 he ord]$ ! /ations ( ,nicolayevsk & ,m>i9sk to be built2 & 9 #ahed he himself sail$ d[n ! ,amoor1 ) a num]\s flotilla ( boats & rafts1 = ! purpose ( p]sonally op5+ ?is new *annel ( int]c\rse ) ! ,pacific4 ,o!r exp$itions soon foll[$1 & ! ,*9ese1 f9d+ resi/ance hopeless1 c$$ to ,russia 9 ! ye> #aheh1 by ! treaty ( ,aigun1 ! left bank ( ! ,amoor z f> z ! influx ( ! ,ussuri1 & bo? its banks bel[ ! latt] riv]4 ,?us ! ,cz> f\nd "s consolation = ! losses ( ! ,crimean campaign 9 ! acquisition ( a va/ t]ritory 9 ! di/ant ,ea/1 :i*1 ?\gh at pres5t a m]e wild]ness1 may 9 "t become a fl\ri%+ colony4 ,illu/ration3 #hj4 ,,! ,,bea* ,,at ,,nicolayevsk4 ,9 #afdd1 a few ye>s aft] ! discov]y ( ! ,amoor1 ! ,cossack ,mi*ael ,/adu*9 =m$ a w9t] e/abli%m5t on ! delta ( ! ,kolyma1 :i* has exp&$ into ! t[n ( ,ni%nei-,kolymsk1 & aft]w>ds navigat$ ! sea ea/w>d to ,cape ,s*elagskoi1 :i* may be consid]$ z ! nor?-ea/]n cape ( ,sib]ia4 ,illu/ration3 #ha4 ,,on ,,! ,,amoor4 ,9 #afdh ,sem5 ,des*new sail$ f ! ,kolyma ) ! int5tion ( rea*+ ! ,anadyr by sea1 & by ?is rem>kable voyage--:i* no "o else1 ei!r be=e or aft] him1 has ev] p]=m$--discov]$ & pass$ ?r\gh ! /rait1 :i* prop]ly %\ld be> 8 "n1 in/ead ( ,b]+'s1 :o1 sail+ f ,kam*atka nor?w>d 9 #agbh1 did n g beyond ,ea/ ,cape1 be+ satisfi$ ) ! we/]ly tr5d+ ( ! cape beyond ! promontory4 ,"s ( ,des*new's companions subsequ5tly rea*$ ,kam*atka1 & 7 put to dea? by ! p ( t p59sula1 :i* 0 conqu]$1 9 #afii1 by ,atlass(f1 a ,cossack (fic] :o came f ,jakutsk4 ,aft] hav+ ?us rapidly glanc$ at ! progress ( ! ,russian dom9ion f ! ,ural to ! ,sea ( ,o*otsk1 x may n be un9t]e/+ to inquire :e!r ! natives _h reason to bless ! arrival ( _! new ma/]s1 or to curse ! day :5 !y 7 fir/ made to und]/& ! mean+ ( ! ^w jassak1 or tribute4 ,un=tunately1 hi/ory tells u t1 :ile ! conqu]ors ( ,sib]ia 7 fully z bold & p]sev]+ z ! companions ( ,cortez & ,piz>ro1 !y also equall$ !m 9 av>ice & cruelty4 ,"u _! iron yoke :ole nations1 su* z ! ,s*elagi1 ,aniujili1 & ,omoki1 melt$ away2 o!rs1 z ! ,woguls1 ,jukahires1 ,koriaks1 & ,xlm5es1 7 r$uc$ to a scanty remnant4 ,! hi/ory ( ! subjugation ( ! ,xlm5es1 or natives ( ,kam*atka1 z describ$ by ,/ell]1 may suffice to %[ h[ ! ,cossacks made & h[ !y abus$ _! conque/s4 ,illu/ration3 #hb4 ,,village ,,on ,,! ,,amoor4 ,:5 ,atlass(f1 ) only sixte5 m51 came to ! riv] ( ,kam*atka1 ! ,xlm5e *iefta9 inquir$1 ?r\gh a ,koriak int]pret]1 :at !y want$1 & :5ce !y came2 & receiv$ = answ] t ! p[]ful sov]eign1 to :om ! :ole l& belong$1 _h s5t !m to levy ! tribute :i* !y ow$ him z 8 subjects4 ,! *iefta9 0 naturally a/oni%$ at ?is in=mation1 & (f]+ ! /rang]s a pres5t ( co/ly furs1 he reque/$ !m to leave ! c\ntry1 & n to repeat _! visit4 ,b ! ,cossacks ?\ght prop] to rema91 & built a small wood5 =t1 ,v]*nei ,o/rog1 :5ce !y fell on ! neighbor+ villages1 robb+ or de/roy+ all !y c\ld lay h&s ^u4 ,exasp]at$ by ^! acts1 ! ,xlm5es resolv$ to attack ! =t2 b z ! w>y ,cossacks _h kept up a fri5dly int]c\rse ) "s ( !m1 & _h moreov] +ratiat$ !mselves ) ! wom51 ! plans ( _! enemies 7 always reveal$ to !m 9 prop] "t1 & l$ to a /ill great] tyranny4 ,at l5g? ! savages appe>$ be=e ! o/rog 9 su* ov]:elm+ numb]s t ! ,cossacks began to lose c\rage2 yet by _! sup]ior tactics !y f9ally manag$ to ga9 a complete victory1 & ^? :o escap$ _! bullets 7 ei!r dr[n$ or tak5 prison]s1 & !n put to dea? 9 ! mo/ cruel mann]4 ,illu/ration3 #hc4 ,,koriak ,,y\rt4 ,conv9c$ t a la/+ security 0 impossible z long z ! natives reta9$ _! numb]s1 ! ,cossacks lo/ no opportunity ( goad+ !m to revolt1 & !n but*]+ z _m ( !m z !y c\ld4 ,?us1 9 less ?an =ty ye>s1 ! ,kam*atkans 7 r$uc$ to a twelf? "p ( _! orig9al numb]s2 & ! ,cossacks1 hav+ made a solitude1 call$ x peace4 ,9 =m] times ! nomads ( ! ,nor? us$ freely to w&] ) _! re9de] h]ds ov] ! tundra1 b aft] ! conque/ !y 7 load$ ) taxes1 & conf9$ to c]ta9 di/ricts4 ,! consequ5ce 0 t _! re9de] gradually p]i%$1 & t a great numb] ( w&]+ h]dsm5 7 n[ compell$ to adopt a fi%]man's life--a *ange fatal to _m4 ,x w\ld1 h[ev]1 be unju/ to accuse ! ,russian ,gov]nm5t ( hav+ willfully s\ght ! ru9 ( ! aborig9al tribes2 on ! contr>y1 x has con/antly endeavor$ to protect !m aga9/ ! exactions ( ! ,cossacks1 & 9 ord] to secure _! exi/5ce1 has ev5 grant$ !m ! exclusive possession ( ! di/ricts assign$ to !m4 ,?us ! ,o/iaks & ,samoedes1 ! ,koriaks & ! ,jakuts1 h _! own l&1 _! own riv]s1 =e/s1 & tundri4 ,b if x is a common say+ 9 ,european ,russia 8t heav5 is high1 & ! ,cz> di/ant10 x may easily be imag9$ t beyond ! ,ural ! weak indig5\s tribes f\nd ! law b a v ineffici5t b>ri] aga9/ ! rapacity ( _! conqu]ors4 ,?us1 9 spite ( ! ,gov]nm5t1 ! jassak 0 n unfrequ5tly rais$1 "u v>i\s pret5ses1 to six or t5 times its orig9al am\nt2 & ! natives 71 besides1 oblig$ to br+ ! be/ ( _! produce1 f consid]able di/ances1 to ! o/rog4 ,nor c\ld ! ,gov]nm5t prev5t ! accumulation ( usuri\s debts1 nor ! leas+ ( ! be/ pa/urages or fi%+-/ations = a trifl+ sum q out ( proportion to _! value2 s t ! natives no long] _h ! means ( fe$+ _! h]ds1 & sank deep] & deep] into pov]ty4 ,& if we consid]1 f9ally1 ( :at elem5ts ,y]mak's b& 0 orig9ally compos$1 we c easily conceive t1 "u su* ma/]s1 ! lot ( ! ,sib]ian natives 0 by no means to be envi$4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! ye> #agcd op5s a new epo* 9 ! hi/ory ( ,sib]ian discov]ies4 ,until !n !y _h be5 m]ely und]tak5 = purposes ( traffic2 bold ,cossacks & ,promys*l5niki 7or fur-hunt]s7 _h gradually ext5d$ _! excursions to ! ,sea ( ,b]+2 b n[1 = ! fir/ "t1 sci5tific exp$itions 7 s5t out1 = ! m accurate inve/igation ( ! nor!rn coa/s ( ,sib]ia4 ,pronts*is*ts*ew1 :o sail$ we/w>d f ! ,l5a to circumnavigate ! icy capes ( ,taimurl&1 0 accompani$ by 8 y\?ful wife1 :o w9t]$ ) him at ! ,ol5ek1 9 #gb #ed ( latitude1 & 9 ! foll[+ summ] took "p 9 8 fruitless endeavors to d\ble ^? mo/ nor!rly po9ts ( ,asia4 ,he di$ 9 consequ5ce ( ! fatigues he _h to und]go1 & a few days aft] %e foll[$ him to ! grave4 ,a simil> example ( female devotion is n to be met ) 9 ! annals ( ,arctic discov]y4 ,aft] ,pronts*is*ts*ew's dea?1 ,lieut5ant ,*>iton ,laptew 0 appo9t$ to c>ry out ! project 9 :i* ! =m] _h fail$4 ,hav+ be5 repuls$ by ! drift-ice1 he 0 oblig$ to w9t] on ! ,*atanga 7#agci-dj72 b r5ew$ ! attempt 9 ! foll[+ summ]1 :i* h[ev] expos$ him to /ill sev]] trials4 ,! vessel 0 wreck$ 9 ! ice2 ! crew rea*$ ! %ore ) difficulty1 & _m ( !m p]i%$ f fatigue & fam9e be=e ! riv]s 7 suffici5tly froz5 to enable ! feeble survivors to return to _! =m] w9t]-/ation at ,*atanga4 ,not)/&+ ! h>d%ips :i* he & 8 p>ty _h endur$1 ,laptew prosecut$ ! survey ( ! promontory 9 ! foll[+ spr+4 ,sett+ out ) a sl$ge-p>ty across ! ,tundra on ,april #bd1 #agda1 he rea*$ ,taimur ,lake on ! #cj?2 & foll[+ ! ,taimur ,riv]1 z x fl[s f ! lake1 asc]ta9$ its m\? to be situat$ 9 lat4 #ge #cf ,n4 ,on ,augu/ #bi he safely return$ to ,j5iseisk1 aft] "o ( ! mo/ difficult voyages ev] p]=m$ by man4 ,! resolution ) :i* he ov]came difficulties1 & 8 p]sev]ance amid ! sev]e/ di/resses1 entitle him to a high rank among ,arctic discov]]s4 ,:ile ,*>iton ,laptew 0 ?us ga9+ di/9ction 9 ! wilds ( ,taimurl&1 8 bro!r1 ,dimitri ,laptew1 0 busy ext5d+ geographical k to ! ea/ ( ! ,l5a4 ,he d\bl$ ! ,sviatoi-noss1 w9t]$ on ! banks ( ! ,indigirka1 survey$ ! ,be> ,isl&s1 pass$ a second w9t] on ! bord]s ( ! ,kolyma1 & 9 a f\r? season ext5d$ 8 survey ( ! coa/ to ! ,b>an[ ,rock1 :i* he va9ly endeavor$ to d\ble dur+ two successive summ]s4 ,aft] hav+ pass$ sev5 ye>s on ! coa/s ( ! ,pol> ,ocean1 he return$ to ,jakutsk 9 #agdc4 ,f\rte5 ye>s lat]1 ,s*alaur[1 a m]*ant ( ,jakutsk1 :o sail$ f ! ,jana 9 a vessel built at 8 own exp5se1 at l5g? succe$$ 9 d\bl+ ! ,b>an[ ,rock1 & proce$$ ea/w>d z f> z ,cape ,s*elagskoi1 :i* prev5t$ 8 f>!r progress4 ,aft] twice w9t]+ on ! dre>y ,kolyma1 he resolv$1 ) admirable p]sev]ance1 to make a ?ird attempt1 b 8 crew w\ld no long] foll[ him4 ,f a second sea-j\rney1 :i* he und]took 9 #agfd to t cape1 he did n return4 8,8 un=tunate dea? is ! m to be lam5t$10 says ,wrangell1 8z he sacrific$ 8 prop]ty & life to a dis9t]e/$ aim1 & unit$ intellig5ce & en]gy 9 a rem>kable degree40 ,on 8 map1 ! :ole coa/ f ! ,jana to ,cape ,s*elagskoi is m>k$1 ) an accuracy :i* does him ! greate/ honor4 ,9 #aghe ,bill+s & ,s>yt*ew 7 equally unsuccessful 9 ! endeavor to sail r\nd ! cape :i* _h defeat$ all ,s*alaur['s endeavors2 nor has ! voyage be5 accompli%$ to ! pres5t day4 ,illu/ration3 #hd4 ,,kam*atka ,,sables ,z ! sable _h gradually l$ ! ,russian fur-hunt]s to ,kam*atka1 s ! /ill m valuable sea-ott] gave ! *ief impulse to ! discov]y ( ! ,aleutic *a9 & ! opposite cont95t ( ,am]ica4 ,:5 ,atlass[ & 8 b& arriv$ at ,kam*atka by ! end ( ! sev5te5? c5tury1 !y f\nd ! sea-ott] ab\nd+ on its coa/s2 b ! fur-hunt]s *as$ x s eag]ly t1 be=e ! middle ( ! eighte5? c5tury1 !y _h entirely extirpat$ x 9 t c\ntry4 ,on ,b]+'s second voyage ( discov]y 7#agda-db71 x 0 aga9 f\nd 9 consid]able numb]s4 ,ts*irig[ is said to h br\ght back #ijj sk9s1 & on ,b]+'s ,isl& #gjj sea-ott]s--^: sk9s1 accord+ to pres5t prices1 w\ld be wor? ab\t #bj1jjj--7 kill$ almo/ )\t tr\ble4 ,^! facts1 ( c\rse1 enc\rag$ ! m]*ants ( ,jakutsk & ,irkutsk to und]take new exp$itions4 ,g5]ally1 sev]al ( !m =m$ an association1 :i* fitt$ out "s h>dly seawor?y vessel at ,o*otsk1 :]e also ! capta9 & ! crew1 consi/+ ( fur-hunt]s & o!r adv5tur]s1 7 hir$4 ,! exp5ses ( su* an exp$ition am\nt$ to ! consid]able sum ( ab\t #cj1jjj r\bles1 z pack-horses _h to transport a great "p ( ! necess>y outfit all ! di/ance f ,jakutsk1 & ! vessel g5]ally rema9$ f\r or five ye>s on ! voyage4 ,pass+ ?r\gh "o ( ! ,kurile ,/raits1 ^! exp$itions sail$ at fir/ along ! ea/ coa/ ( ,kam*atka1 b>t]+ sables & sea-ott]s = re9de] sk9s & o!r articles2 & z ! preci\s furs became m r>e1 v5tur$ out f>!r into ! ,ea/]n ,ocean4 ,?us ,mi*ael ,n[odsik(f discov]$ ! ,we/]n ,aleuts 9 #agde2 ,paik(f ! ,fox ,isl&s 9 #agei2 ,adrian ,tol/y* almo/ all ! isl&s ( ! c5tral gr\p1 :i* /ill be> 8 "n1 9 #agfj2 ,/eph5 ,glott(f ! isl& ( ,kadiak 9 #agfc1 & ,kr5itz9 ! p59sula ( ,aljaska 9 #agfh4 ,:5 we consid] ! scanty res\rces ( ^! ,russian navigators1 ! bad condition ( _! mis]able b>ks1 _! own imp]fect nautical k1 & ! inhospitable nature ( ! seas :i* !y trav]s$1 we c n b admire _! intrepidity4 ,9 ! ,pol> ,sea !re are nei!r sables nor ott]s1 & ?us ! isl&s ly+ to ! nor? ( ,sib]ia might h rema9$ unkn[n till ! pres5t day1 if ! se>* aft] mammo?-tee? _h n1 9 a simil> mann]1 l$ to _! discov]y4 ,9 ,m>*1 #aggj1 :ile a m]*ant ( ! "n ( ,l*[ 0 busy collect+ fossil ivory ab\t ,cape ,sviato9oss1 he saw a l>ge h]d ( de] com+ ov] ! ice f ! nor?4 ,resolute & c\rage\s1 he at once resolv$ to foll[ _! tracks1 & aft] a sl$ge-j\rney ( sev5ty v]/s1 he came to an isl&1 & tw5ty v]/s f>!r rea*$ a second isl&1 at :i*1 ow+ to ! r\ghness ( ! ice1 8 excursion t]m9at$4 ,he saw en\gh1 h[ev]1 ( ! ri*ness ( ! two isl&s 9 mammo?-tee?1 to %[ him t ano!r visit w\ld be a valuable speculation2 & on mak+ 8 report to ! ,russian ,gov]nm5t1 he obta9$ an exclusive privilege to dig = mammo?-bones on ! isl&s :i* he _h discov]$1 & to :i* 8 "n _h be5 giv54 ,9 ! summ] ( #aggc he consequ5tly return$1 & asc]ta9$ ! exi/5ce ( a ?ird isl&1 mu* l>g] ?an ! o!rs1 m\nta9\s1 & hav+ its coa/s cov]$ ) drift-wood4 ,he !n w5t back to ! fir/ isl&1 w9t]$ !re1 & return$ to ,u/jansk 9 spr+ ) a valuable c>go ( mammo?-tusks4 ,!re h>dly exi/s a m rem>kable article ( comm]ce ?an ^! rema9s ( an ext9ct animal4 ,9 ,nor? ,sib]ia1 along ! ,obi1 ! ,j5issei1 ! ,l5a1 & _! tribut>ies1 f lat4 #eh to #gj1 or along ! %ores ( ! ,pol> ,ocean z f> z ! ,am]ican side ( ,b]+ ,/rait1 ! rema9s ( a species ( elephant are f\nd imb$d$ 9 ! froz5 soil1 or become expos$1 by ! annual ?aw+ & crumbl+ ( ! riv]-banks4 ,doz5s ( tusks are frequ5tly f\nd toge!r1 b ! mo/ a/oni%+ deposit ( mammo?-bones occurs 9 ! ,l*[ ,isl&s1 :]e1 9 "s localities1 !y are accumulat$ 9 su* quantities z to =m ! *ief sub/ance ( ! soil4 ,ye> aft] ye> ! tusk-hunt]s "w e summ] at ! cliffs1 )\t produc+ any s5sible dim9ution ( ! /ock4 ,! solidly-froz5 matrix 9 :i* ! bones lie ?aws to a c]ta9 ext5t annually1 all[+ ! tusks to drop out or to be qu>ri$4 ,9 #ahba1 #bj1jjj lbs4 ( ! fossil ivory 7 procur$ f ! isl& ( ,new ,sib]ia4 ,! ice 9 :i* ! mammo? rema9s are imb$d$ sometimes pres]ves _! entire bodies1 9 spite ( ! c\ntless ages :i* mu/ h elaps$ s9ce !y walk$ on e>?4 ,9 #agii ! c>cass ( a mammo? 0 discov]$ s fre% t ! dogs ate ! fle% = two summ]s4 ,! skeleton is pres]v$ at ,/4 ,pet]sburg1 & specim5s ( ! woolly hair--prov+ t ! climate ( ,sib]ia1 ?\gh !n no d\bt mu* mild] ?an at pres5t1 /ill requir$ ! protection ( a w>m & %aggy coat--7 pres5t$ to ! *ief museums ( ,europe4 ,! rema9s ( a rh9oc]os1 v simil> to ! ,indian species1 are likewise f\nd 9 great numb]s along ! %ores1 or on ! /eep & s&y riv]-banks ( ,nor!rn ,sib]ia1 along ) ^? ( fossil species ( ! horse1 ! musk-ox1 & ! bison1 :i* h n[ totally =sak5 ! ,arctic wilds4 ,! ,ar*ipelago ( ,new ,sib]ia1 situat$ to ! nor? ( ! ,l*[ ,isl&s1 0 discov]$ by ,sir[atsky 9 #ahjf1 & s9ce !n sci5tifically explor$ by ,h$5/rm 9 #ahjh1 & ,anj\ 9 #ahbc4 ,^! isl&s are rem>kable no less = ! num]\s bones ( horses1 buffaloes1 ox51 & %eep scatt]$ ov] _! desolate %ores1 ?an = ! va/ quantities ( fossil-wood imb$d$ 9 _! soil4 ,! hills1 :i* rise to a consid]able altitude1 consi/ ( horizontal b$s ( s&/one1 alt]nat+ ) bitum9\s beams or trunks ( trees4 ,on asc5d+ !m1 fossiliz$ *>coal is ev]y:]e met )1 incru/$ ) an a%-color$ matt]1 :i* is s h>d t x c sc>cely be scrap$ (f ) a knife4 ,on ! summit !re is a long r[ ( beams resembl+ ! =m]1 b fix$ p]p5dicul>ly 9 ! s&/one4 ,! ends1 :i* project f sev5 to t5 in*es1 are = ! mo/ "p brok51 & ! :ole has ! appe>ance ( a ru9\s dike4 ,?us a robu/ =e/ vegetation once fl\ri%$ :]e n[ only h>dy li*5s c be se52 & _m h]bivor\s animals fea/$ on grasses :]e n[ ! re9de] f9ds b a scanty supply ( moss1 & ! pol> be> is ! sole "l ( ! dre>y wa/e4 ,illu/ration3 #he4 ,,t>t> ,,encampm5t4 ,,*apt] ,,xvii4 ,,sib]ia--,,fur-,,trade ,,& ,,gold-,,digg+s4 ,sib]ia4--,its imm5se ,ext5t & ,capabilities4--,! ,exiles4-- ,m5ts*ik(f4--,dolgor\ky4--,mni*4--,! ,crim9als4--,! free ,sib]ian ,peasant4--,extremes ( ,heat & ,cold4--,fur-be>+ ,animals4--,! ,sable4--,! ,erm9e4--,! ,sib]ian ,weasel4--,! ,sea-ott]4--,! black ,fox4--,! ,lynx4--,! ,squirrel4--,! v>y+ ,h>e4--,! ,suslik4--,importance ( ! ,fur-trade = ! ,nor!rn ,prov9ces ( ! ,russian ,empire4--,! ,gold-digg+s ( ,ea/]n ,sib]ia4--,! ,taiga4--,exp5ses & ,difficulties ( se>*+ ,exp$itions4--,co/s ( ,produce1 & enorm\s ,pr(its ( successful ,speculators4--,_! s5seless ,extravagance4--,fir/ ,discov]y ( ,gold 9 ! ,ural ,m\nta9s4--,jak[lew & ,demid[4-- ,ni%ne-,tagilsk4 ,sib]ia is at lea/ ?irty times m ext5sive ?an ,great ,brita9 & ,irel&1 b its scanty population =ms a mis]able contra/ to its enorm\s size4 ,conta9+ sc>cely ?ree millions ( inhabitants1 x is comp>atively ?ree hundr$ times less peopl$ ?an ! ,briti% ,isl&s4 ,?is small population is1 moreov]1 v unequally di/ribut$1 consi/+ *iefly ( ,russians & ,t>t>s1 :o h settl$ 9 ! s\? or 9 ! mild] we/1 along ! riv]s & ! pr9cipal ?or\ghf>es :i* lead f ! t]ritory ( "o l>ge /ream to ! o!r4 ,9 ! nor!rn & ea/]n di/ricts1 z f> z !y are occupi$1 ! settlem5ts are likewise almo/ entirely conf9$ to ! riv]-banks2 & ?us ! great] "p ( ! enorm\s =e/-l&s1 & ( ! int]m9able tundras1 are ei!r entirely un9habit$ by man1 or visit$ only by ! huntsman1 ! gold-digg]1 or ! migratory savage4 ,& yet ,sib]ia has n be5 s nigg>dly treat$ by ,nature z n to be able to su/a9 a f> m consid]able population4 ,9 ! s\? !re are ?\s&s ( squ>e miles fit = cultivation2 ! numb]s ( ! h]ds & flocks might be increas$ a hundr$-fold1 & ev5 ! climate w\ld become mild] aft] ! labor ( man _h subdu$ ! *ill+ influ5ces ( ! =e/ & ! swamp4 ,b x is easi] to express ?an to realize ! wi% to see ,sib]ia m popul\s1 = its reputation is h>dly su* z to tempt ! free coloni/s to settle )9 its limits2 & ?us ! ,russian ,gov]nm5t1 :i* w\ld will+ly see its m temp]ate regions cov]$ ) fl\ri%+ t[ns & villages1 c only expect an increase ( population f ! sl[ gr[? ( "t1 aid$ by ! annual influx ( ! involunt>y emigrants :i* x s5ds across ! ,ural to ! ,ea/4 ,_m a celebrat$ p]sonage has already be5 doom$ to trace ?is melan*oly pa?1 p>ticul>ly dur+ ! la/ c5tury1 :5 ! all-p[]ful favorite ( "o p]iod 0 n seldom doom$ to exile by ! next palace revolution4 ,?is fate befell1 among o!rs1 ! fam\s ,pr9ce ,m5ts*ik(f4 ,9 a cov]$ c>t1 & 9 ! dress ( a peasant1 ! confid5tial m9i/] ( ,pet] ! ,great1 ! man :o = ye>s _h rul$ ! va/ ,russian ,empire1 0 convey$ into p]petual bani%m5t4 ,8 dwell+ 0 n[ a simple hut1 & ! spade ( ! labor] replac$ ! p5 ( ! /atesman4 ,dome/ic mis=tunes aggravat$ 8 cruel lot4 ,8 wife di$ f ! fatigues ( ! j\rney2 "o ( 8 daught]s soon aft] fell a victim to ! smallpox2 8 two o!r *ildr51 :o 7 attack$ by ! same malady1 recov]$4 ,he himself di$ 9 ! ye> #agbi1 & 0 buri$ ne> 8 daught] at ,b]es[1 ! seat ( 8 exile4 ,l ,c>d9al ,wolsey1 aft] 8 fall he rememb]$ ,god1 :om he _h =gott5 dur+ ! swell+ tide ( 8 prosp]ity4 ,he consid]$ 8 puni%m5t z a bless+1 :i* %[$ him ! way to ev]la/+ happ9ess4 ,he built a *apel1 assi/+ 9 its erection ) 8 own h&s1 & aft] ! s]vices gave in/ruction to ! congregation4 ,! inhabitants ( ,b]es[ /ill honor 8 memory1 & rev]e him z a sa9t4 ,!y 7 confirm$ 9 ?is belief by ! circum/ance t 8 body1 hav+ be5 dis9t]r$ 9 #ahba1 0 f\nd 9 a /ate ( p]fect pres]vation1 aft] a lapse ( n9ety-two ye>s4 ,"o day1 z 8 daught] walk$ ?r\gh ! village1 %e 0 acco/$ by a peasant f ! w9d[ ( a hut4 ,?is peasant 0 ,pr9ce ,dolgor\ky1 h] fa!r's enemy--! man :o _h caus$ 8 bani%m5t1 & 0 n[1 9 8 turn1 doom$ to ta/e ! bitt]ness ( exile4 ,soon aft] ! pr9cess & h] bro!r 7 p>don$ by ! ,empress ,anna1 & ,dolgor\ky took possession ( _! hut4 ,"y ,m5ts*ik(f 0 f9ally re9/at$ 9 all ! honors & ri*es ( 8 fa!r1 & f him desc5ds1 9 a direct l9e1 ! fam\s def5d] ( ,seba/opol4 ,m>%al ,mni*1 ! favorite ( ! ,empress ,anna1 0 doom$1 9 8 sixtie? ye>1 to a ,sib]ian exile1 :5 ,elizabe? asc5d$ ! ?rone4 ,8 prison consi/$ ( ?ree rooms--"o = 8 gu>ds or jail]s1 ! second = _! kit*51 ! ?ird = 8 own use4 ,a wall tw5ty feet high prev5t$ him f enjoy+ ! view ev5 ( ! sky4 ,! man :o _h once gov]n$ ,russia _h b half a r\ble daily to sp5d2 b ! love ( 8 wife--:o1 al?\gh fifty-five ye>s old1 _h ! c\rage & ! self-d5ial to accompany him 9 8 bani%m5t--alleviat$ ! sorr[s ( 8 exile4 ,! v5]able c\ple sp5t tw5ty-"o ye>s 9 ,sib]ia1 & on _! return f exile1 fifty-two *ildr51 gr&*ildr51 & great-gr&*ildr51 7 assembl$ to meet !m at ,mosc[4 ,! revolution :i* plac$ ,ca!r9e ! ,second on ! ?rone _h ne>ly once m doom$ ! octog5>ian /atesman to bani%m5t1 b he =tunately wea!r$ ! /orm1 & di$ z gov]nor ( ,/4 ,pet]sburg4 ,9 ?is c5tury1 also1 _m an un=tunate exile1 guiltless at lea/ ( ignoble crimes1 has be5 doom$ to w&] to ,sib]ia4 ,!re _m a soldi] ( ! gr&e arme has end$ 8 life2 !re /ill lives _m a patriotic ,pole1 bani%$ = hav+ lov$ 8 c\ntry 8n wisely b too well20 !re also ! conspirators :o m>k$ ) s bloody an episode ! accession ( ,ni*olas1 h _h "t to reflect on ! dang]s ( plott+ aga9/ ! ,cz>4 ,mo/ ( ! ,sib]ian exiles are1 h[ev]1 common crim9als--su* z 9 our c\ntry w\ld be hung or transport$1 or s5t5c$ to ! treadmill3 ! assass91 ! robb]--to ,sib]ia2 ! smuggl] on ! fronti]1 ^: free-trade pr9ciples injure ! imp]ial ex*equ]--to ,sib]ia2 ev5 ! vagabond :o is caught roam+1 & c give no satisfactory acc\nt ( 8 do+s & int5tions1 receives a fre% passport--to ,sib]ia4 ,?us ! annual numb] ( ! exiles am\nts to ab\t #ab1jjj1 :o1 accord+ to ! gravity ( _! (f5ses1 are s5t f>!r & f>!r ea/w>d4 ,on an av]age1 e week sees a transport ( ab\t #cjj ( ^! 8un=tunates10 z !y are t]m$ by popul> compassion1 pass ?r\gh ,tobolsk4 ,ab\t "o-six? are imm$iately p>don$1 & ! o!rs sort$4 ,murd]]s & burgl>s are s5t to ! m9es ( ,n]ts*9sk1 aft] hav+ be5 treat$ 9 ,russia1 be=e !y set out on _! travels1 ) fifty la%es ( ! kn\t4 ,9 =m] times _! no/rils us$ to be torn (f1 a b>b>ity :i* is n[ no long] practis$4 ,accord+ to ,sir ,george ,simpson's 8,n>rative ( a ,j\rney ,r\nd ! ,_w0 7#ahdg71 ,sib]ia is ! be/ p5it5ti>y 9 ! _w4 ,e exile :o is n consid]$ bad en\gh = ! m9es--^? black abysses1 at ^: entrance1 z at t ( ,dante's hell1 all hope mu/ be left beh9d--receives a piece ( l&1 a hut1 a horse1 two c[s1 ! necess>y agricultural implem5ts1 & provisions = a ye>4 ,! fir/ ?ree ye>s he has no taxes to pay1 &1 dur+ ! foll[+ t51 only ! half ( ! usual assessm5t4 ,?us1 if he *oose to ex]t himself1 he has e reason to hope = an improvem5t 9 8 condition1 & at ! same "t fe> contributes to keep him 9 ! "r pa?2 = he well kn[s t 8 fir/ trespass w\ld infallibly conduct him to ! m9es1 a by no means agreeable prospect4 ,"u ! influ5ce ( ^! /imulants1 _m an exile atta9s a degree ( prosp]ity :i* w\ld h be5 q beyond 8 rea* _h he rema9$ 9 ,european ,russia4 ,h(mann gives a less favorable acc\nt ( ! ,sib]ian exiles4 ,9 8 op9ion1 ! prosp]ity & civilization ( ! c\ntry has no great] ob/acle ?an ! mass ( crim9als s5t to swell its population4 ,9 ! prov9ce ( ,tomsk1 :i* seems to be ri*ly /ock$ ) culprits ( ! wor/ description1 all ! wagon]s belong to ?is class4 ,!y endeavor$ to excite 8 compassion by hypocrisy4 8,x 0 ! w ( ,god60 is _! /&+ phrase1 to :i* !y tri$ to give a great] emphasis by turn+ up ! :ites ( _! eyes4 ,b1 9 spite ( ?is pi\s resignation to ! ,div9e w1 ,h(mann nev] met ) a worse set ( drunk>ds1 li>s1 & ?ieves4 ,illu/ration3 #hf4 ,,sib]ian ,,peasant4 ,z to ! free ,sib]ian peasant1 :o is g5]ally ( exile extraction1 all travell]s are agre$ 9 8 praise4 8,z soon z "o crosses ! ,ural10 says ,wrangell1 8"o is surpris$ by ! extreme fri5dl9ess & good-nature ( ! inhabitants1 z mu* z by ! ri* vegetation1 ! well-cultivat$ fields1 & ! excell5t /ate ( ! roads 9 ! s\!rn "p ( ! gov]nm5t ( ,tobolsk4 ,our luggage c\ld be left )\t a gu>d 9 ! op5 air4 #8,ne-boss6' #8,fe> n6' 0 ! answ] :5 we express$ "s appreh5sion2 #8!re are no ?ieves among u4' ,?is may appe> /range1 b x mu/ be rememb]$ t ! ,tomsk wagon]s1 describ$ above1 are locat$ f> m to ! ea/1 & t e exil$ crim9al has 8 prescrib$ circuit1 ! b\nds ( :i* he may n pass )\t incurr+ ! p5alty ( be+ s5t to ! m9es4 ,accord+ to ,pr(essor ,han/e51 ! ,sib]ian peasants are ! f9e/ m5 ( all ,russia1 ) con/itutions ( iron4 ,) a %eepsk9 ov] _! %irt1 & _! ?9 l95 tr[s]s1 !y bid defiance to a cold ( #cj & m4 ,!y h no?+ ( ! dirty av>ice ( ! ,european ,russian boor2 !y h z mu* l& z !y *oose = cultivation1 & ! soil furni%es all !y require = _! n\ri%m5t & clo?+4 ,_! cleanl9ess is exempl>y4 ,)9 ! la/ ?irty ye>s ! gold-digg+s h some:at spoilt ?is /ate ( primitive simplicity1 yet ev5 ,h(mann all[s t ! ,we/-,sib]ian peasant has reta9$ mu* ( ! hone/y & hospitality = :i* he 0 ju/ly celebrat$4 ,besides agriculture1 m9+1 fi%+1 & hunt+1 ! c>riage ( m]*&ise is "o ( ! *ief occupations ( ! ,sib]ians1 & probably1 9 proportion to ! population1 no o!r c\ntry employs s l>ge a numb] ( wagon]s & c>ri]s4 ,! enorm\s masses ( copp]1 lead1 iron1 & silv] produc$ by ! ,altai & ! ,n]ts*9sk m\nta9s1 h to be convey$ f an imm5se di/ance to ! ,russian m>kets4 ,! gold f ! ,ea/-,sib]ian digg+s is inde$ easi] to transport1 b ! provisions requir$ by ! ?\s&s ( workm5 employ$ dur+ ! summ] 9 work+ ! aurif]\s s&s1 h to be br\ght to !m1 frequ5tly f a di/ance ( _m hundr$ v]/s4 ,! millions ( furs1 f ! squirrel to ! be>1 likewise require consid]able means ( transport2 &1 f9ally1 ! highly important c>avan-trade ) ,*9a conveys ?\s&s ( bales ( tea f ,kia*ta to ,irbit4 ,sib]ia has inde$ _m navigable riv]s1 b a glance at ! map %[s u at once t !y are s situat$ z to af=d f> less facilities to comm]ce ?an w\ld be ! case 9 a m temp]ate climate4 ,!y all fl[ nor?w>d into an inhospitable sea1 :i* is =ev] clos$ to navigation1 & are !mselves ice-b\nd dur+ ! great] "p ( ! ye>4 ,enorm\s di/ances sep>ate !m f ea* o!r1 & !re are no navigable canals to unite !m4 ,on "s ( ! l>g] riv]s /eam-boats h inde$ be5 introduc$1 & railroads are talk$ (2 b !re c be no d\bt t1 = _m a ye> to come1 ! c>t & ! sl$ge w cont9ue to be ! *ief means ( transport 9 a c\ntry :i*1 9 consequ5ce ( its peculi> geographical position1 is ev5 9 its m s\!rn p>ts expos$ to all ! rigors ( an ,arctic w9t]4 ,?us at ,jakutsk 7#fb ,n4 lat471 :i* is situat$ b six degrees f>!r to ! nor? ?an ,ed9burgh 7#ee #eh71 ! mean temp]ature ( ! colde/ mon? is -#dj1 & m]cury a solid body dur+ "o-six? "p ( ! ye>2 :ile at ,irkutsk 7#eb #af ,n4 lat471 situat$ b little f>!r to ! nor? ?an ,ox=d 7#ea #df71 ! !rmomet] frequ5tly falls to -#cj1 or ev5 -#dj2 temp]atures :i* are ( c\rse q unhe>d ( on ! banks ( ! ,isis4 ,= ^! dreadful w9t]s 9 ! he>t ( ,sib]ia1 & "u comp>atively l[ degrees ( latitude1 !re are v>i\s causes4 ,! l& is1 9 ! fir/ place1 an imm5se pla9 slant+ to ! nor?2 moreov]1 x is situat$ at su* a di/ance f ! ,atlantic1 t beyond ! ,ural ! we/]n sea-w9ds1 :i* br+ w>m? to our w9t]s1 assume ! "* ( cold l&-w9ds2 &1 f9ally1 x m]ges 9 ! s\? into ! high ,mongolian plateau1 :i*1 situat$ #djjj feet above ! level ( ! sea1 has ( c\rse b little w>m? to imp>t to x 9 w9t]2 s t1 f :atev] side ! w9d may bl[ at t season1 x con/antly conveys cold4 ,b 9 summ] ! sc5e und]goes a total *ange4 ,"u ! influ5ce ( ! sun circl+ = mon?s r\nd ! ,nor? ,pole1 floods ( w>m? are p\r$ into ,c5tral ,sib]ia1 & rapidly cause ! !rmomet] to rise2 no neighbor+ sea refre%es ! air ) a cool+ breeze2 :e!r ! w9d come f ! heat$ ,mongolian des]ts1 or sweep ov] ! ,sib]ian pla9s1 x imbibes w>m? on e side4 ,?us ! t]rible w9t] ( ,jakutsk is foll[$ by an equally immod]ate summ] 7#eh #c71 s t rye & b>ley are able to rip5 on a soil :i* a few feet bel[ ! surface is p]petually froz54 ,illu/ration3 #hg4 ,,irkutsk4 ,! b\ndless woods ( ,sib]ia h>bor a numb] ( fur-be>+ animals ^: sk9s =m "o ( ! *ief products ( ! c\ntry4 ,among ^! p]secut$ d5iz5s ( ! =e/1 ! sable 7,m>tes zibell9a71 :i* closely resembles ! p9e-m>t5 7,m>tes abietum7 9 %ape & size1 des]ves to be p>ticul>ly notic$1 bo? = ! beauty ( its pelt1 & its importance 9 ! fur-trade4 ,sleep+ by day1 ! sable hunts 8 prey by night2 b ?\gh he *iefly reli%es animal food1 su* z h>es1 "y birds1 mice1 & eggs1 he also fe$s on b]ries1 & ! ta/eful se$s ( ! ,p9us cembra4 ,8 favorite abode is ne> ! banks ( "s riv]1 9 holes ( ! e>?1 or b5ea? ! roots ( trees4 ,incessant p]secution has gradually driv5 him into ! mo/ inaccessible =e/s2 ! days are no m :5 ! ,tunguse hunt] will+ly gave = a copp] kettle z _m sable sk9s z x w\ld hold1 or :5 ! ,kam*atkan trapp]1 c\ld easily cat* sev5ty or eighty sables 9 "o w9t]2 b ,von ,ba] /ill e/imates ! annual produce ( all ,sib]ia at #de1jjj sk9s4 ,! f9e/ are caught 9 ! =e/s betwe5 ! ,l5a & ! ,ea/]n ,sea1 b ,kam*atka furni%es ! great] numb]4 ,a sk9 ( ! f9e/ quality is wor? ab\t =ty r\bles on ! spot1 & at lea/ twice z mu* 9 ,/4 ,pet]sburg or ,mosc[1 p>ticul>ly :5 ! hair is long1 close1 & ( a deep blacki%-br[n1 ) a ?ick br[n und]wool4 ,sk9s ) long d>k hair tipp$ ) :ite are highly e/eem$1 b /ill m s ^? :i* are entirely black--a color to :i* ! ,russians give ! pref]5ce1 :ile ! ,*9ese h no objection to r$di% t9ts4 ,9 consequ5ce ( ?is diff]5ce ( ta/e1 ! sables f ! ,obi1 :i* are g5]ally l>g] b ( a light] color1 are s5t to ,kia*ta1 :ile ! d>k] sk9s1 f ,ea/]n ,sib]ia1 are direct$ to ,/4 ,pet]sburg & ,leipsic4 ,! *ase ( ! sable is att5d$ ) _m h>d%ips & dang]s4 ,! sk9s are 9 ! highe/ p]fection at ! comm5cem5t ( ! w9t]2 accord+ly1 t[>ds ! end ( ,octob]1 ! hunt]s assemble 9 small companies1 & proce$ along ! riv]s 9 boats1 or travel 9 sl$ges to ! place ( r5dezv\s--tak+ ) !m provisions = ?ree or f\r mon?s4 ,9 ! deep & solit>y =e/ !y erect _! huts1 made ( bran*es ( trees1 & bank up ! sn[ r\nd !m1 z a fur!r protection aga9/ ! pi]c+ w9d4 ,!y n[ roam & seek ev]y:]e = ! traces ( ! sable1 & lay traps or sn>es = 8 de/ruction4 ,^! are g5]ally pitfalls1 ) loose bo>ds plac$ ov] !m1 bait$ ) fi% or fle%2 fire-arms or cross-b[s are m r>ely us$1 z !y damage ! sk9s4 ,! traps mu/ be frequ5tly visit$1 & ev5 !n ! hunt] (t5 f9ds t a fox has prec$$ him1 & left b a few wor?less remnants ( ! sable 9 ! sn>e4 ,or sometimes a sn[-/orm ov]takes him1 & !n 8 c>e mu/ be to save 8 own life4 ,?us sable-hunt+ is a cont9ual *a9 ( disappo9tm5ts & p]ils1 & at ! end ( ! season x is frequ5tly f\nd t ! exp5ses are h>dly paid4 ,until n[ ! sable has be5 b r>ely tam$4 ,"o kept 9 ! palace ( ! ,ar*-bi%op ( ,tobolsk 0 s p]fectly dome/icat$1 t x 0 all[$ to /roll ab\t ! t[n z x lik$4 ,x 0 an ar*-enemy ( cats1 rais+ itself furi\sly on its h9d-legs z soon z x saw "o1 & %[+ ! greate/ desire to fight x4 ,9 =m] times ! erm9e 7,mu/ela erm9ea7 rank$ next to ! sable z ! mo/ valuable fur-be>+ animal ( ! ,sib]ian woods2 at pres5t ! sk9 is wor? no m ?an f five to eight silv] kopeks at ,tobolsk1 s t ! :ole produce ( its *ase h>dly am\nts to #bjj1jjj r\bles4 ,?is little animal resembles 9 its g5]al appe>ance ! weasel1 b is consid]ably l>g]1 z x atta9s a l5g? ( f twelve to f\rte5 in*es4 ,its color1 :i* is r$di%-br[n 9 summ]1 becomes milk-:ite dur+ ! w9t] 9 ! nor!rn regions1 ) ! exception ( ! tip ( ! tail1 :i* always rema9s black4 ,its habits likewise greatly resemble ^? ( ! weasel2 x is equally al]t 9 all its movem5ts1 & equally c\rage\s 9 def5d+ itself :5 attack$4 ,x lives on birds1 p\ltry1 rats1 rabbits1 lev]ets1 & all k9ds ( small] animals1 & w n hesitate to attack a prey ( mu* great] size ?an itself4 ,al?\gh v>i\s species ( erm9e are di/ribut$ ov] ! :ole =e/ region ( ! nor?1 yet ,sib]ia produces ! f9e/ sk9s4 ,! l>ge/ come f ! ,kolyma1 or are br\ght to ! fair ( ,o/r[noje by ! ,t*ut*i1 :o obta9 !m f ! colde/ regions ( ,am]ica4 ,! ,sib]ian weasel 7,viv]ra sib]ica71 :i* is mu* small] ?an ! erm9e1 is likewise hunt$ = its s(t & p]fectly sn[-:ite w9t] dress--! tip ( ! tail n be+ black1 z 9 ! latt]4 ,! sea-ott]1 or kalan 7,enhydris lutris71 ! mo/ valuable ( all ! ,russian fur-be>+ animals1 z #aaj silv] r\bles is ! av]age price ( a s+le sk91 is ne>ly relat$ to ! weasel tribe4 ,! enorm\s value set ^u ! glossy1 jet-black1 s(t1 & ?ick fur ( ! kalan suffici5tly expla9s h[ ! ,russian hunt]s h foll[$ 8 traces f ,kam*atka to ,am]ica1 & almo/ entirely extirpat$ him on _m ( ! coa/s & isl&s ( ,b]+'s ,sea & ! ,nor!rn ,pacific1 :]e he =m]ly ab\nd$4 ,8 habits v mu* resemble ^? ( ! seal2 he haunts sea-wa%$ rocks1 lives mo/ly 9 ! wat]1 & loves to bask 9 ! sun4 ,8 h9d feet h a membrane skirt+ ! outside ( ! ext]ior toe1 l t ( a goose1 & ! elongat$ =m ( 8 flexible body enables him to swim ) ! greate/ cel]ity4 ,! love ( ! sea-ott]s = _! "y is s great t !y reckon _! own lives z no?+ to protect !m f dang]2 & ,/ell]1 :o _h m opportunities ?an any o!r naturali/ = obs]v+ _! habits1 affirms t1 :5 depriv$ ( _! (fspr+1 _! grief is s /rong t 9 less ?an a =tnight !y wa/e away to skeletons4 ,on _! flight !y c>ry _! "y 9 _! m\?s1 or drive !m along be=e !m4 ,if !y succe$ 9 rea*+ ! sea1 !y beg9 to mock _! baffl$ pursu]1 & express _! joy by a v>iety ( antics4 ,sometimes !y raise !mselves upright 9 ! wat]1 ris+ & fall+ ) ! waves1 or hold+ a =e paw ov] _! eyes1 z if to look %>ply at him2 or !y ?r[ !mselves on _! back1 rubb+ _! brea/ ) _! =e paws2 or ca/ _! "y into ! wat]1 & cat* !m aga91 l a "m play+ ) h] infant4 ,! sea-ott] n only surpasses ! fi%-ott] by ! beauty ( 8 fur1 b also 9 size1 z he atta9s a l5g? ( f ?ree to f\r feet1 exclusive ( ! tail4 ,8 food consi/s ( small fi%es1 molluscs1 & cru/ace\s animals1 ^: h>d calc>e\s cov]+ 8 broad gr9d]s are well adapt$ to cru%4 ,next to ! sea-ott]1 ! black fox1 ^: sk9 is ( a ri* & %9+ black or deep br[n color1 ) ! long] or ext]ior hairs ( a silv]y-:ite1 furni%es ! mo/ co/ly ( all ! ,sib]ian furs4 ,! av]age price ( a s+le sk9 am\nts to #fj or #gj silv] r\bles1 & ri* amateurs w will+ly pay #cjj r\bles1 or ev5 m1 = ^? ( fir/-rate quality4 ,! sk9 ( ! ,sib]ian r$ fox1 :i* ranks next 9 value1 is wor? no m ?an #bj r\bles2 ! /eel-gray w9t] dress ( ! ,sib]ian cross$ fox 7?us nam$ f ! black cross on 8 %\ld]s71 f #aj to #ab r\bles2 & t ( ! ,arctic fox1 ?\gh v w>m & close1 no m ?an #f or #h4 ,! be> family likewise furni%es _m sk9s to ! ,sib]ian furri]4 ,t ( ! "y br[n be> 7,ursus arctos7 is highly e/eem$ = ! trimm+ ( pelisses2 b t ( ! old] animal has little value1 & is us$1 l t ( ! pol> be>1 z a rug or a foot-clo? 9 sl$ges4 ,! lynx is highly priz$ = its v ?ick1 s(t1 ru/-color$ w9t] dress1 /rip$ ) d>k] br[n4 ,x atta9s ! size ( ! wolf1 & is di/+ui%$ f all o!r memb]s ( ! cat tribe1 by ! p5cils ( long black hair :i* tip its erect & po9t$ e>s4 ,x loves to lie 9 ambu% = ! pass+ re9de] or elk1 on "s ?ick bran* at a consid]able di/ance f ! gr\nd4 ,) "o prodigi\s b\nd x leaps ^u ! back ( its victim1 /rikes its talons into its fle%1 & op5s ) its %>p tee? ! art]ies ( its neck4 ,?\gh s+ly ( b little value1 z a ?\s& ( its sk9s are wor? no m ?an "o sea-ott]1 ! squirrel plays 9 reality a f> m important "p 9 ! ,sib]ian fur-trade ?an any ( ! be=e-m5tion$ animals1 z ! total value ( ! gray peltry :i* x furni%es to trade is at lea/ sev5 times great] ?an t ( ! sable4 ,f\r millions ( gray squirrel sk9s are1 on an av]age1 annually export$ to ,*9a1 f two to ?ree millions to ,europe1 & ! home consumption ( ! ,russian ,empire is beyond all d\bt /ill m consid]able1 z x is ! fur mo/ commonly us$ by ! middle classes4 ,! ,european squirrels are ( inf]ior value1 z ! hair ( _! w9t] dress is /ill a mixture ( r$ & gray2 9 ! t]ritory ( ! ,pets*ora1 ! gray fir/ becomes pr$om9ant1 & increases 9 beauty on advanc+ t[>ds ! ea/4 ,! squirrels are caught 9 sn>es or traps1 or %ot ) blunt$ arr[s4 ,among ! fur-be>+ animals ( ,sib]ia1 we h fur!r to notice ! v>y+ h>e1 ^: w9t] dress is entirely :ite1 except ! tips ( ! e>s1 :i* are black2 ! ,baikal h>e2 ! gr\nd-squirrel1 ^: fur has f9e longitud9al d>k-br[n /ripes1 alt]nat+ ) f\r light-yell[ ones2 & ! suslik1 a species ( m>mot1 ^: br[n fur1 ) :ite spots & /ripes1 fet*es a high price 9 ,*9a4 ,x occurs ov] all ,sib]ia z f> z ,kam*atka4 ,its burr[s are frequ5tly n9e feet deep2 ?is1 h[ev]1 does n prev5t its be+ dug out by ! hunt]s1 :o likewise entrap x 9 spr+ :5 x awakes f its w9t] sleep4 ,summ+ toge!r ! total am\nt ( ! ,russian fur-trade1 ,von ,ba] e/imates ! value ( ! sk9s annually br\ght to ! m>ket by ! ,russian ,am]ican ,fur ,company at half a million ( silv] r\bles1 ! produce ( ,european ,russia at a million & a half1 & t ( ,sib]ia at ?ree millions4 ,z agriculture decreases on advanc+ to ! nor?1 ! *ase ( ! fur-be>+ animals increases 9 importance4 ,?us1 9 ! mo/ nor!rn gov]nm5ts ( ,european ,russia--,wjatka1 ,wologda1 ,olonez1 & ,ar*angel--x is "o ( ! *ief occupations ( ! inhabitants4 ,9 ,olonez ab\t f\r hundr$ be>s are kill$ e ye>1 & ! imm5se =e/s ( ,wologda furni% f "o hundr$ to two hundr$ black foxes1 ?ree hundr$ be>s1 & ?ree millions ( squirrels4 ,al?\gh ! sable & ! sea-ott] are n s num]\s z 9 =m] times1 yet1 ^u ! :ole1 ! ,russian fur-trade is 9 a v fl\ri%+ condition2 nor is !re any fe> ( its decreas+1 z ! less valuable sk9s--su* z ^? ( ! squirrels & h>es1 :i* f _! numb]s weigh mo/ heavily 9 ! balance ( trade--are furni%$ by rod5ts1 :i* multiply v rapidly1 & f9d an inexhau/ible supply ( food 9 ! =e/s & pa/ure-gr\nds ( ,sib]ia4 ,! *ase ( ! fur-be>+ animals af=ds ! ,nor?-,sib]ian nomads--su* z ! ,o/iaks1 ,jakuts1 ,tungusi1 & ,samoedes--! only means ( procur+ ! =eign articles !y require2 h5ce x taxes all _! +5uity1 & takes up a great deal ( _! "t4 ,on ! riv]-banks & 9 ! =e/s !y lay innum]able sn>es & traps1 all s nicely adapt$ to ! size1 /r5g?1 & peculi> habits ( ! v>i\s creatures !y are int5d$ to capture1 t x w\ld be almo/ impossible to improve !m4 ,an indu/ri\s ,jakut w lay ab\t five hundr$ v>i\s traps z soon z ! fir/ sn[ has fall52 ^! he visits ab\t five or six times 9 ! c\rse ( ! w9t]1 & g5]ally f9ds "s animal or o!r 9 e eigh? or t5? sn>e4 ,! produce ( 8 *ase he br+s to ! ne>e/ fair1 :]e ! tax-ga!r] is wait+ = ! jassak1 :i* is n[ g5]ally paid 9 money 7five pap] r\bles f\r %ill+s74 ,) ! rema9d] ( 8 ga9s he pur*ases iron kettles1 r$ clo? = hemm+ 8 g>m5ts1 p[d] & %ot1 rye-meal1 glass pe>ls1 tobacco1 & br&y--:i*1 ?\gh =bidd5 to be sold publicly1 is ri*ly suppli$ to him 9 private--& !n retires to 8 native wilds4 ,f ! small] fairs1 ! furs are s5t by ! ,russian m]*ants to ! l>g] /aple places1 su* z ,jakutsk1 ,n]ts*9sk1 ,tobolsk1 ,kia*ta1 ,irbit1 ,ni%ne-,novgorod1 & f9ally ,/4 ,pet]sburg & ,mosc[2 = by repeat$ly sort+ & mat*+ ! size & color ( ! sk9s1 _! value is increas$4 ,ab\t ?irty ye>s ago firs 7 /ill ! *ief export article ( ,sib]ia--to ,*9a1 ,european ,russia1 & ,we/]n ,europe--b s9ce !n ! discov]y ( its ri* aurif]\s deposits has made gold its mo/ important produce4 ,! preci\s metal is f\nd on ! we/]n slopes ( ! ,ural *a9 & 9 ,we/ ,sib]ia2 b ! mo/ productive digg+s are situat$ 9 ,ea/ ,sib]ia1 :]e !y give occupation to _m ?\s&s ( workm51 & ri*es to a few successful speculators4 ,! va/ t]ritory dra9$ by ! ,upp] ,j5issei & its tribut>ies1 ! ,sup]ior & ! ,middle ,tunguska1 consi/s = ! great] "p ( a dismal & swampy primeval =e/1 :i* sc>cely ?irty ye>s s9ce 0 almo/ totally unkn[n4 ,a few wret*$ nomads & fur-hunt]s 7 ! only inhabitants ( ! ,taiga--z ^? sylvan des]ts are call$--& squirrel sk9s seem$ all !y 7 ev] likely to produce4 ,a j\rney ?r\gh ! ,taiga is said to be "o ( ! mo/ fatigu+ & t$i\s t\rs :i* x is possible to make4 ,up-hill & d[n-hill1 a n>r[ pa? leads ov] a swampy gr\nd1 into :i* ! horses s9k up to _! knees4 ,! rid] is sc>cely less h>ass$ ?an ! pati5t animal :i* c>ries him ov] ?is un/able soil4 ,no bird enliv5s ! solit>y =e/ ) its song2 ! moan+ ( ! w9d 9 ! cr[ns ( ! trees alone int]rupts ! gloomy sil5ce4 ,! et]nal sam5ess ( ! sc5e--day aft] day "o con/ant succession ( ev]la/+ l>*es & fir-trees--is z we>y+ to ! m9d z ! almo/ impassable road to ! body4 ,b sudd5ly ! s\nd ( ! axe or ! creak+ ( ! wat]-:eel is he>d2 ! =e/ op5s1 a long r[ ( huts ext5ds along ! banks ( a rivulet1 & hundr$s ( workm5 are se5 mov+ ab\t z indu/ri\s z a hive ( bees4 ,:at is ! cause ( all ?is activity--( ?is sudd5 *ange f a dea?-l quiet to a fev]i% life8 ,^! are ! gold-fields2 ! s&s ( ^! swampy gr\nds are mix$1 l ^? ( ! ,pactolus1 ) gold1 & _! =tunate possessors w\ld n ex*ange !m = ! f9e/ mead[s1 cornfields1 or v9ey>ds4 ,f$or ,pop[1 a hunt] ( ! prov9ce ( ,tomsk1 is said to h be5 ! fir/ discov]] ( gold 9 ,sib]ia2 & ,gov]nm5t hav+ grant$ p]mission to private p]sons to se>* = ! preci\s metal1 a few ent]pris+ m5 direct$ _! att5tion to ! wild spurs ( ! ,sajan ,m\nta9s4 ,a brilliant success rew>d$ _! endeavors4 ,9 ! ye> #ahcf an explor+-p>ty1 s5t out by a m]*ant nam$ ,jak9 ,resan[1 discov]$ a ri* deposit ( aurif]\s s& ne> ! banks ( ! ,great ,birussa2 & 9 #ahci-dj1 simil> deposits 7 f\nd along sev]al ( ! tribut>ies ( ! ,upp] ,tunguska1 & /ill f>!r to ! nor?1 on ! ,oktolyk1 a rivulet t fl[s into ! ,pit4 ,! exp5ses ( a se>*+-p>ty am\nt1 on an av]age1 to #cjjj silv] r\bles 7#fjj72 & z v (t5 no gold :atev] is f\nd1 ^! haz>d\s explorations n seldom put bo? ! purse & ! p]sev]ance ( _! und]tak]s to a sev]e trial4 ,?us ,nikita ,maesnik[ _h sp5t no less ?an #bfj1jjj silv] r\bles 7#eb1jjj7 9 fruitless rese>*es1 :5 he at l5g? discov]$ ! ri* gold-field on ! ,pesk91 :i*1 z we %all pres5tly see1 amply remun]at$ him = 8 previ\s losses4 ,( ! difficulties :i* await ! gold-se>*]s1 a fa9t idea may be =m$1 on consid]+ t ! :ole ( ! aurif]\s region1 :i* f> surpasses 9 size mo/ ( ! ,european k+doms1 consi/s ( "o va/ =e/ l t above describ$4 ,pat*es ( grass-l& on :i* horses c fe$ are ( v r>e occurr5ce1 & damp moss is ! only b$ ! ,taiga af=ds4 ,z ! gold-se>*]s are v (t5 at "w "s hundr$s ( v]/s f ! ne>e/ village1 !y are oblig$ to c>ry all _! provisions along ) !m4 ,_! clo!s are almo/ con/antly wet1 f _! sleep+ 9 ! damp =e/1 f ! frequ5t ra9s to :i* !y are expos$1 & f _! toil+ 9 ! swampy gr\nd4 ,sc>cely h !y dug a few feet deep :5 ! pit fills ) wat]1 :i* !y are oblig$ to pump out z fa/ z x ga!rs1 & ?us /&+ up to _! knees 9 ! mud1 !y "w on until !y rea* ! solid rock1 = !n only c !y be c]ta9 t no aurif]\s lay] has be5 neglect$ 9 _! se>*4 ,:5 we consid]1 moreov]1 t all ?is labor is v (t5 totally useless1 _! p]sev]ance c n b be admir$2 nor is x to be wond]$ at t explor+-p>ties h sometimes encamp$ on ! site ( ri* gold-deposits )\t exam9+ ! spot1 _! pati5ce hav+ be5 exhau/$ by repeat$ failures 9 ! vic9ity4 ,:5 ! w9t]1 ) its deep sn[falls1 sudd5ly breaks 9 ^u ! se>*]s1 _! h>d%ips become dreadful4 ,! fro/ & want ( food kill _! horses1 _! ut5sils h to be left beh9d2 & dragg+ _! mo/ indisp5sable provisions along ) !m on small sl$ges1 !y are n seldom oblig$ to wade = weeks ?r\gh ! deep sn[ be=e !y rea* "s inhabit$ place4 ,b ev5 ! sev]ity ( a ,sib]ian w9t] does n prev5t ! s5d+ out ( explor+-p>ties4 ,su* w9t] explorations are only fitt$ out = ! m accurate exam9ation ( v swampy aurif]\s gr\nds t h be5 discov]$ 9 ! previ\s ye>1 & :]e x is less difficult to "w 9 ! froz5 soil ?an to cont5d ) ! wat] 9 summ]4 ,a w9t]-p>ty travels )\t horses1 ! workm5 !mselves transport+ all t !y require on light sl$ges4 ,!y are oblig$ to break up ! obdurate soil ) pickaxes1 & ! s& ?us loos5$ has to be ?aw$ & wa%$ 9 w>m wat]4 ,aft] _! day's "w1 !y sp5d ! night 9 huts made ( ! bran*es ( trees1 :]e !y sleep on ! h>d gr\nd4 ,x requires ! iron con/itution ( a ,sib]ian to be> su* h>d%ips1 to :i* _m fall a prey1 9 spite ( _! vigor\s heal?4 ,a gold-deposit hav+ be5 f\nd1 ! =tunate discov]] obta9s ! grant ( a lot ( gr\nd1 #ajj sa%5s 7#fjj feet7 broad1 & #bejj sa%5s 7or #e v]/s7 long4 ,two adjo9+ lots are nev] grant$ to ! same p]son1 b a subsequ5t pur*ase or amalgamation is p]mitt$4 ,at fir/ ,gov]nm5t 0 satisfi$ ) a mod]ate tax ( #ae p] c5t4 ( ! produce2 subsequ5tly1 h[ev]1 ?is 0 d\bl$1 until )9 ! la/ few ye>s1 :51 ! gold production hav+ be5 f\nd to decrease1 ! primitive impo/ 0 return$ to1 or ev5 r$uc$ to #e p] c5t4 = ! less productive m9es4 ,besides ?is tax1 f f\r to eight gold r\bles p] p\nd ( gold1 accord+ to ! ri*ness ( ! digg+s1 h to be paid = police exp5ses4 ,only a twelve ye>s' lease is grant$1 aft] :i* ! digg+ rev]ts to ! cr[n1 & a new lease has to be pur*as$4 ,z ! sev]e climate ( ! ,taiga limits ! work+-"t to f\r mon?s 7f ,may to ,septemb]71 ! p]iod ( ! concession is ?us 9 reality n m ?an f\r ye>s4 ,! fir/ c>e ( ! lessee is1 ( c\rse1 to collect ! necess>y provisions & work+ app>atus4 ,! di/ant /eppe ( ! ,kirghese furni%es him ) dri$ or salt$ meat2 8 iron ut5sils he pur*ases 9 ! factories ( ! ,ural2 ! fairs ( ,irbit & ,ni%ne-,novgorod supply him ) e o!r article2 & rye-meal & fi%es he easily obta9s f ! ,sib]ian peasants or trad]s4 ,by wat] & by l&1 all ^! v>i\s /ores h to be transport$ 9 summ] to ! resid5ce or e/abli%m5t ( ! gold-digg] on ! bord] ( ! ,taiga4 ,! transport ?r\gh ! ,taiga itself takes place dur+ ! w9t]1 on sl$ges1 at a v great co/2 & ! exp5se is /ill m increas$ if "t has be5 lo/ ?r\gh inatt5tion1 z !n all t may /ill be want+ has to be convey$ to ! spot on ! backs ( horses4 ,mo/ ( ! m5 t are hir$ = work+ 9 ! digg+s are exiles--! rema9d] g5]ally free peasants1 :o h be5 r$uc$ 9 _! circum/ances by mis=tunes or misconduct4 ,! procur+ ( ! necess>y workm5 is an affair ( no small tr\ble & exp5se4 ,be=e e summ] campaign ! ag5ts ( ! gold-digg]s travel ab\t ! c\ntry l recruit+-s]geants1 & aft] giv+ _m fair words & "s h&-money1 !y take ! passport ( ! man engag$ z a security = 8 appe>ance4 ,b al?\gh a passport is an indisp5sable docum5t 9 ,sib]ia1 yet x n seldom happ5s t ! workman f9ds means to obta9 a new "o "u "s o!r "n1 &1 engag+ himself to a new ma/]1 defrauds ! fir/ ( 8 h&-money4 ,x may be easily imag9$ t1 z ! workm5 only consi/ ( ! refuse ( society1 ! greate/ discipl9e is necess>y to keep !m 9 ord]4 ,! sy/em ( a secret police1 s *]i%$ by all arbitr>y gov]nm5ts1 is "h ext5d$ to its utmo/ limits2 sc>cely has a suspici\s ^w fall5 among ! workm51 :5 ! director is imm$iately in=m$ ( x1 & takes 8 measures accord+ly4 ,e man kn[s t he is wat*$1 & is himself a spy ^u 8 companions4 ,h(mann relates an in/ance ( a plot s+ul>ly nipp$ 9 ! bud4 ,9 "o ( ! gold-digg+s on ! ,noiba1 ! workm51 at ! in/igation ( an "u-ov]se]1 _h refus$ to p]=m a task assign$ to !m4 ,x 0 to be fe>$ t ! _s ( insubord9ation w\ld ga9 gr\nd1 & ext5d ov] all ! neighbor+ digg+s4 ,! director1 consequ5tly1 s5t at once = milit>y assi/ance2 ?is1 h[ev]1 prov$ to be unnecess>y1 = :5 ! ,cossacks arriv$ at ! ,noiba1 a ?und]-/orm arose1 & at ! v mom5t !y came rid+ up to ! digg+ a fla% ( lightn+ kill$ ! r+lead] 9 ! mid/ ( ! mut9e]s4 ,z soon z ! m5 recov]$ f ! fir/ %ock ( _! surprise & t]ror1 !y all exclaim$1 8,?is is ! judgm5t ( ,god60 &1 )\t any fur!r hesitation1 at once return$ to _! duty4 ,besides free rations1 ! ord9>y wages ( a common workman are #ae r\bles banco1 or #ab %ill+s a mon?1 b m exp]i5c$ h&s receive #ej or ev5 #fj r\bles4 ,! pay dates f ! day :5 ! workman makes 8 appe>ance at ! resid5ce1 & !nce=w>d1 also1 8 rations are s]v$ out to him4 ,!y consi/ ( a p\nd ( fre% or salt meat1 or an equival5t portion ( fi% on fa/+-days1 cabbage & groats = s\p1 besides fre% rye-bread & quas 7! favorite national bev]age7 ad libitum4 ,! :ole numb] ( workm5 employ$ 9 a gold-digg+ subdivide !mselves into sep>ate societies1 or artells4 ,ea* ( ^! elects a *ief1 or head-man1 to :om ! provisions = 8 artell are weigh$ out1 & to :om all ! o!r common int]e/s are intru/$4 ,! sale ( spiritu\s liquor is /rictly =bidd51 = its use w\ld r5d] x impossible to ma9ta9 ord]2 &1 accord+ to law1 no g9-%op is all[$ to be op5$ )9 #fj v]/s ( a digg+4 ,! pay & ! lib]al rations receiv$ w\ld alone be insuffici5t to allure workm5 to ! digg+s1 =1 z we h se51 ! voyage !re & back is extremely irksome1 & ! labor v fatigu+4 ,an excell5t plan has consequ5tly be5 devis$ = _! enc\ragem5t4 ,! contract ( ea* workman di/9ctly specifies ! quantity ( 8 daily "w1 consi/+ ( a c]ta9 numb] ( :eelb>r[s ( s&--f #ajj to #abj1 accord+ to ! di/ance f ! spot :]e x is dug to ! place :]e x is wa%$ out--ea* reckon$ at ?ree p\ds1#aa :i* "o p>ty has to fill1 ano!r to convey to ! wa%-/&s1 & a ?ird to wa%4 ,! task is g5]ally complet$ by noon1 or e>ly 9 ! aft]noon4 ,= ! labor !y p]=m dur+ ! re/ ( ! day1 or on ,sundays & holidays1 !y receive an extra pay ( two or ?ree r\bles = e solotnik ( gold !y wa%4 ,e ev5+ ! workm5 come ) ! produce ( _! free labor to ! (fice1 ! gold is weigh$ 9 _! pres5ce1 & ! artell cr$it$ = ! am\nt ( its %>e4 ,?is free-"w is z advantage\s = ! ma/]s z ! labor]s4 ,! =m] enjoy a net pr(it ( eight or t5 r\bles p] solotnik1 & all ! work+ exp5ses are ( c\rse put to ! *>ge ( ! contract labor2 & ! latt] e>n a great deal ( money1 accord+ to _! indu/ry or good-luck1 = :5 =tune favors an artell1 its %>e may am\nt to a consid]able sum4 ,dur+ ,h(mann's /ay at ! ,birussa1 ea* workman ( a c]ta9 artell e>n$ 9 "o aft]noon #gb r\bles1 & ! ,sunday's "w ( ano!r ( ^! associations gave to ea* ( its memb]s #aje r\bles1 or #d4 ,! artisans--:o1 ?\gh employ$ 9 a gold-m9e1 are n engag$ 9 digg+ or wa%+ ! aurif]\s s&--are also rew>d$ f "t to "t by a day's free-labor 9 places :i* are kn[n to be ri*4 ,on "o ( ^! occasions a ,cossack on ! ,oktolyk receiv$ #cjj r\bles = 8 %>e ( ! gold t 0 wa%$ out ( #di :eelb>r[s ( s&4 ,^! ( c\rse are extraord9>y cases1 b !y %[ h[ mu* a workman may ga92 & be+ ( c\rse exagg]at$ by report1 are ! *ief inducem5ts :i* attract ! workm51 & keep !m to _! duty4 ,if ! free-labor is unproductive1 _m ( ! workm5 des]t or give up free-labor altoge!r1 & 9 bo? cases ! ma/] is a los]4 ,to prev5t ?is1 x is cu/om>y1 9 _m ( ! digg+s1 to pay ! workm5 a fix$ sum = _! extra "w4 ,at ! end ( ! season ! workm5 are paid (f1 & receive provisions = _! home-j\rney4 ,g5]ally1 ! produce ( _! summ]'s labor is sp5t1 9 ! fir/ villages !y rea*1 9 dr9k+ & gambl+2 s t1 to be able to return to _! families1 !y are oblig$ to b9d !mselves anew = ! next season1 & to receive h&-money f ! ag5t1 :o1 kn[+ _! weakness1 is g5]ally on ! spot to take advantage ( x4 ,aft] sp5d+ a long w9t] full ( want & privations1 !y return to ! ,taiga 9 spr+1 & ?us1 ?r\gh _! own folly1 _! life is sp5t 9 con/ant mis]y & h>d labor4 ,dur+ ! w9t] ! digg+ is des]t$1 except by an "u-ov]se] & a few workm51 :o make ! necess>y prep>ations = ! next campaign1 receive & w>eh\se ! provisions z !y arrive1 & gu>d ! prop]ty aga9/ ?ieves or wanton de/ruction4 ,! upp]-ov]se] or director1 mean:ile1 is fully occupi$ at ! resid5ce 9 =w>d+ ! provisions & /ores t h arriv$ !re dur+ ! summ] to ! m9e1 9 mak+ ! necess>y pur*ases = ! next ye>1 9 s5d+ 8 ag5ts ab\t ! c\ntry to engage new workm52 & ?us ! w9t] is1 9 fact1 8 busie/ "t4 ,) ! la/ sl$ge transport he returns to ! digg+1 to receive ! workm5 z !y arrive1 & to see t all is ready = ! summ]4 ,z 8 situation is "o ( great tru/ & responsibility1 he enjoys a consid]able sal>y4 ,maesnik[1 = in/ance1 paid 8 *ief director #dj1jjj r\bles a ye>2 & #fjjj or #hjjj r\bles1 besides free /ation1 & a p]c5tage ( ! gold produc$1 is ! ord9>y emolum5t4 ,x is ?us evid5t t ! exp5ses ( a ,sib]ian gold-m9e are enorm\s1 b :5 =tune favors ! und]tak] he is amply rew>d$ = 8 outlay2 an annual produce ( #aj1 #ae1 or #bj p\ds ( gold is by no means uncommon4 ,9 ! ye> #ahde1 #deh workm5 employ$ 9 ! gold-m9e ( ,m>i9sk1 belong+ to ,messrs4 ,golubd[ & ,kusnez[1 produc$ #ha p\ds #ai lbs4 ( ! mu*-covet$ metal2 9 ! ye> #ahdc ! m9e ( ,olg9sk1 belong+ to ,lieut5ant ,malew9sky1 yield$ #hb p\ds #cg lbs42 & 9 #ahdd1 ! labor ( #ajad workm51 employ$ 9 ! m9e ( ,kresd[osdwi%5sk1 belong+ to ,messrs4 ,kusnez[ & ,s*ts*egol[1 produc$ no less ?an #hg p\ds #ad lbs4 ( gold4 ,b ev5 ,kresd[osdwi%5sk has be5 di/anc$ by ! m9e ( ,spasky1 situat$ ne> ! s\rces ( ! ,pesk91 :i*1 9 ! ye> #ahdb1 yield$ its =tunate possessor1 ! above-m5tion$ ,c\nsellor ,nikita ,maesnik[ 7"o ( ! few m5 :o 7 already extremely ri* be=e ! ,sib]ian aurif]\s deposits 7 discov]$71 ! enorm\s quantity ( #ajj p\ds ( gold6 ,f #ahdj to #ahde1 ,maesnik[ extract$ f ?is m9e no less ?an #cdh p\ds #f lbs4 ( gold1 wor? #d1ace1agd silv] r\bles1 or ab\t #fdj1jjj4 ,/ill m rec5tly1 9 #ahfj1 ! ,gawril[ m9e1 belong+ to ! h\se ( ,rjasan[1 produc$ #ajb p\ds ( pure gold4 ,b 9 ,sib]ia1 z else:]e1 m9+ op]ations are frequ5tly doom$ to end 9 disappo9tm5t1 p>ticul>ly if ! space de/9$ to be work$ 9 ! foll[+ summ] has n be5 c>efully exam9$ be=eh&1 z ! ore is (t5 v unequally di/ribut$4 ,a speculator1 hav+ discov]$ a gold-m9e1 exam9$ f\r or five samples ( ! s&1 :i* gave a highly satisfactory result4 ,delight$ ) 8 good-=tune1 he made 8 arrangem5ts on a gr& scale1 & collect$ provisions = #ejj workm52 b :5 op]ations began1 x 0 f\nd t he _h1 un=tunately1 hit ^u a small pat* ( aurif]\s s&1 ! vic9ity ( :i* 0 totally void ( gold1 s t 8 #ejj workm5 produc$ no m ?an a few p\nds ( ore1 & he lo/ at lea/ #aj1jjj by 8 adv5ture4 ,! entire gold produce ( ,ea/ ,sib]ia am\nt$1 9 #ahde1 to #hdh p\ds #cf lbs41 & 9 #ahef to ab\t #aajj p\ds2 b latt]ly1 9 consequ5ce ( ! increas+ wages & de>ness ( provisions1 :i* has caus$ _m ( ! less productive m9es to be ab&on$1 x has some:at dim9i%$4 ,9 #ahfj1 #ca1gif m51 #iai wom51 & #hgea horses & ox51 7 employ$ 9 ! ,sib]ian gold-m9es4 ,z may easily be imag9$1 ! discov]y ( ^! s\rces ( weal? 9 ! des]t has caus$ a great revolution 9 ! social /ate ( ,sib]ia4 ,! ri*es s sudd5ly acquir$ by a few favorites ( =tune1 h rais$ luxury to an unexampl$ height1 & enc\rag$ a s5seless prodigality4 ,"s /]lets#ab hav+ be5 (f]$ = #cjj r\bles to a m9] sudd5ly rais$ f p5ury to weal?1 8,fool60 said ! up/>t1 ) ! sup]b mi5 ( a conqu]+ h]o1 to ! fi%-deal]1 8wilt ?\ sell me ^! excell5t /]lets s *eap8 ,"h are a ?\s& r\bles2 g1 & say t ?\ ha/ dealt ) me60 ,! small t[n ( ,krasnoj>sk1 romantically situat$ on ! ,j5issei1 is ! *ief seat ( ! ri* m9]s4 ,"h may be se5 ! *oice/ toilettes1 ! mo/ %[y equipages1 & *ampagne 7:i* 9 ,sib]ia co/s at lea/ #a a bottle7 is ! daily bev]age ( ! gold ari/ocracy4 ,un=tunately1 ,krasnoj>sk _h1 until v rec5tly1 n a s+le booksell]'s %op to boa/ (2 & :ile ?\s&s 7 lavi%$ on vanity & s5sual enjoym5ts1 n a r\ble 0 devot$ to ! improvem5t ( ! m9d4 ,less ri* 9 gold ?an ! prov9ce ( ,j5iseisk1 b ri*] 9 copp] & iron1 & above all 9 plat9a1 is ! ,ural1 :]e m9+ indu/ry 0 fir/ introduc$ by ,pet] ! ,great1 9 ! la/ ye>s ( ! sev5te5? c5tury1 & has s9ce acquir$ a colossal developm5t4 ,?\gh gold 0 discov]$ 9 ! ,uralian prov9ce ( ,p]mia z e>ly z #agde1 yet its production on a l>ge scale is ( m mod]n date4 ,9 ! ye> #ahaf ! :ole quantity ( gold furni%$ by ! ,ural am\nt$ only to #e p\ds #ce lbs41 :ile 9 #ahcd x _h increas$ to #dje p\ds4 ,! discov]y ( ! preci\s metals on ! e/ates ( ! l>ge m9e-proprietors ( ! ,ural1 :o already be=e t "t 7 among ! weal?ie/ m5 ( ! empire1 has increas$ _! ri*es to an enorm\s ext5t1 & giv5 a ,european celebrity to ! names ( ,jak[lew & ,demid(f4 ,w]* ,issetsk & ,w]*ne ,tagilsk1 9 ! prov9ce ( ,p]mia1 belong+ to ! ,jak[lew family1 h an ext5t ( m ?an ?ree millions ( acres1 ) a population ( #aa1jjj s\ls4 ,besides iron & copp]1 _! *ief produce1 ^! e/ates yield$1 9 #ahcd1 #eh p\ds ( gold4 ,ni%ne-,tagilsk1 belong+1 s9ce #agbe1 to ! ,demid(fs1 is a /ill m magnific5t possession2 = x may truly be said1 t p]haps n[h]e 9 ! _w are great] m9]al ri*es congregat$ 9 "o spot ?an "h1 :]e1 besides va/ quantities ( iron & copp]1 ! wa%+ ( ! s&s produc$1 9 #ahcd no less ?an #bi p\ds ( gold1 & #aac p\ds #c lbs4 ( plat9a4 ,! e/ate ext5ds ov] f\r millions ( acres1 & its population1 9 #ahcd1 am\nt$ to #bj1jjj s\ls4 ,! t[n ( ,ni%ne-,tagilsk has ab\t #ae1jjj inhabitants1 & ,helm]s5 78,travels 9 ! ,ural07 praises ! ,demid(fs = _! zeal 9 c>ry+ ! civilization ( ,europe to ! wilds ( ! ,ural4 ,9 an excell5t elem5t>y s*ool1 #aej boys are clo!d1 f$1 & educat$ at _! exp5se4 ,^? pupils :o di/+ui% !mselves by _! abilities are !n s5t to a high] s*ool1 su* z ! ,demid(f ,lyceum 9 ,j>oslaw1 or ! ,univ]sity ( ,mosc[1 & aft] ! t]m9ation ( _! /udies obta9 a situation on ! e/ates ( ! family4 ,! palace ( ! ,demid(fs has a f9e collection ( pa9t+s by ! fir/ ,italian ma/]s2 b x is seldom if ev] inhabit$ by ! proprietors1 :o pref] ,flor5ce & ,p>is to ! ,ural4 ,! f\nd] ( ! family 0 an em95t gunsmi? ( ! t[n ( ,tula1 ^: abilities ga9$ him ! favor ( ,pet] ! ,great1 & ! gift ( ! m9es on :i* ! colossal =tune ( 8 desc5dants has be5 rais$4 ,,*apt] ,,xviii4 ,,midd5dorff',s ,,adv5tures ,,9 ,,taimurl&4 ,= :at ,purpose 0 ,midd5dorff's ,voyage to ,taimurl& und]tak58-- ,difficulties & ,ob/acles4--,exp$ition d[n ! ,taimur ,riv] to ! ,pol> ,sea4--,/orm on ,taimur ,lake4--,loss ( ! ,boat4-- ,midd5dorff ill & alone 9 #ge ,n4 ,lat4--,sav$ by a grateful ,samoede4--,climate & ,vegetation ( ,taimurl&4 ,on foll[+ ! cont\rs ( ! ,sib]ian coa/1 we f9d to ! ea/ ( ,nova ,zembla a va/ tract ( t]ritory project+ t[>ds ! ,pole1 & ext5d+ its promontories f> into ! icy sea4 ,?is c\ntry-- :i*1 f its pr9cipal riv]1 may be call$ ,taimurl&--is ! mo/ nor!rn1 &1 ,i ne$ h>dly add1 ! mo/ inhospitable "p ( ! ,old ,_w4 ,! la/ huts ( ! ,russian fi%]m5 are situat$ ab\t ! m\? ( ! ,j5issei1 b ! :ole t]ritory ( ! ,taimur ,riv]1 & ! regions trav]s$ by ! l[] c\rse ( ! ,*atanga & ! ,ps9a1 are completely un9habit$4 ,ev5 along ! upp] c\rse ( ^! two la/-nam$ riv]s1 ! population is exce$+ly scanty & scatt]$2 & ! few ,samoedes :o migrate dur+ ! summ] to ! banks ( ! ,taimur1 gladly leave !m at ! approa* ( w9t]1 ! cold ( :i* no !rmomet] has ev] measur$4 ,z may easily be imag9$1 ,taimurl& has b few attractions = ! trad] or ! fur-hunt]1 b = ! naturali/ x is by no means )\t int]e/4 ,we h se5 9 a =m] *apt] h[ ,von ,ba]1 prompt$ by ! dis9t]e/$ love ( sci5ce1 travell$ to ,nova ,zembla to exam9e ! productions ( a cold insul> summ] beyond ! #gj? degree ( latitude4 ,! in/ructive results ( 8 j\rney r5d]$ x d\bly desirable to obta9 in=mation ab\t ! effects ( summ] 9 a cont95tal climate1 situat$ if possible /ill f>!r to ! nor?2 & z no region c\ld be bett] suit$ to ?is purpose ?an ! int]ior ( ! broad mass ( ,taimurl&1 ! ,academy ( ,sci5ces ( ,/4 ,pet]sburg resolv$ to s5d ?i!r a sci5tific exp$ition4 ,=tunately = ! success ( ! und]tak+1 ,von ,midd5dorff1 ! em95t naturali/1 ^: (f] ( s]vice 0 gladly accept$1 0 9 e respect ! "r man 9 ! "r place2 = to ! mo/ untir+ sci5tific zeal1 & an unwav]+ det]m9ation1 he jo9$ a physical /r5g? & a manual dext]ity r>ely f\nd unit$ ) le>n+4 ,9 ! ,lapl& moors he _h le>n$ to biv\ac = nights toge!r1 :ile *as+ ! wat]f[l1 & on foot he 0 able to tire ! be/-tra9$ walrus-hunt]4 ,he und]/ood h[ to con/ruct a boat1 & to /e] x ) 8 own h&1 & e bea/ or bird 0 doom$ t came )9 rea* ( 8 un]r+ ball4 ,9 "o ^w1 no travell] ev] plung$ into ! ,arctic wilds m indep5d5t ( baggage1 foll[]s1 or ! means ( transport4 ,on ,april #d we f9d ,midd5dorff1 accompani$ by ,mr4 ,br&t1 a ,dani% =e/]1 & a s+le s]vant1 on ! ice ( ! ,j5issei betwe5 ,turu*ansk & ,dud9o4 ,"h 8 companions 7 attack$ by measles2 b z x 0 high "t to rea* ! ,*atanga be=e ! melt+ ( ! sn[1 ! pati5ts 7 c>efully pack$ up 9 boxes l9$ ) sk9s1 & ! :ole p>ty--^: numb]s1 mean:ile1 _h be5 increas$ by ! addition ( a topograph] & ( ?ree ,cossacks-- em]g$ f ! region ( =e/s on ,april #ac1 hav+ to face a cold ( -#cf1 & a /orm t almo/ ov]turn$ _! sl$ges4 ,) ,tunguse guides !y trav]s$ ! tundra 9 a nor?-ea/]ly direction z f> z ! ,ps9a1 & !nce pass+ on f "o ,samoede horde to ano!r1 at l5g? rea*$ ,koronnoie ,filipp[skoi 7#ga #e lat47 on ! ,boganida1 an afflu5t ( ! ,*eta1 :i* is itself a tribut>y ( ! ,*atanga4 ,"h a halt 0 made1 p>tly because all ! p>ty except ,midd5dorff 7 by ?is "t attack$ ) ! reign+ epidemic1 & p>tly to wait = ! ,samoedes1 :om !y int5d$ to jo9 on _! summ] migration to ! nor?4 ,dur+ ?is int]val ,midd5dorff made an excursion to ! ,*atanga1 = ! purpose ( ga!r+ in=mation ab\t ! voyage d[n t riv]1 & to make ! necess>y prep>ations4 ,9 ! village ( ,*atangsk1 h[ev]1 he f\nd ne>ly all ! inhabitants suff]+ f ! measles2 & z no assi/ance 0 to be expect$ f !m1 he resolv$ to alt] 8 r\te1 & to proce$ z soon z possible to ! ,riv] ,taimur1 :i* w\ld 9 all probability af=d him ! be/ means = p5etrat+ to ! extreme conf9es ( cont95tal ,asia4 ,z ?is mo/ nor!rly riv] ( ! ,old ,_w lies f> beyond ! b\nd>ies ( arboreal gr[?1 a boat-frame ( twelve feet on ! keel _h to be made at ,koronnoie be=e sett+ out4 ,br&t 0 left beh9d ) "p ( ! company1 to make a prolong$ s]ies ( meteorological obs]vations1 & to ga!r z complete a collection z possible ( ! animals & plants ( ! c\ntry1 :ile ,midd5dorff />t$ on 8 adv5tur\s t\r 7,may #ai7 ) sixty-eight re9de]1 "u ! guidance ( a few ,samoedes on _! progress to ! nor?1 & accompani$ only by ! topograph]1 an int]pret]1 & two ,cossacks4 ,! difficulties ( ?is j\rney1 s9ce a boat-frame1 fuel1 provisions1 physical in/rum5ts1 app>atuses = ! pres]vation ( objects ( natural hi/ory1 =m+ altoge!r a load = _m sl$ges1 _h to be transport$ along ) ! travell]s1 w\ld h be5 great at all times1 b 7 n[ consid]ably increas$ by ! epidemic hav+ also seiz$ ! tribe ( ,samoedes :i* ,midd5dorff expect$ to f9d ne> ! small ,riv] ,n[aia1 & :i* 0 to guide him f>!r on to ! ,taimur4 ,at l5g?1 aft] a se>* ( ?ree days1 he f\nd ! remnant ( ! horde1 :i* _h be5 decimat$ & r$uc$ to a deplorable condition by ! epidemic4 ,9 va9 he s\ght = ! well-kn[n faces ( ! *ief p]sonages ( ! horde1 ) :om he _h negotiat$ on ! ,boganida--8!y 7 all dead40 ,( ?irty-five p]sons1 "o only 0 completely heal?y2 a second c\ld h>dly crawl ab\t2 b ! o!rs lay pro/rate 9 _! t5ts1 c\gh+ & groan+ "u _! sk9 cov]+s4 ,leav+ sev5 corpses on ! road1 !y _h advanc$ by sl[ j\rneys to jo9 ,midd5dorff1 until !y broke d[n1 s t in/ead ( receiv+ aid at _! h&s1 he 0 n[ oblig$ to help !m 9 _! di/ress--an assi/ance :i* !y amply repaid1 z we %all see 9 ! sequel4 ,un=tunately ! illness _h prev5t$ ! ,samoede wom5 f sew+ toge!r1 z !y _h promis$1 ! sk9s t 7 necess>y to complete ! cov]+ ( ! travell]s' t5t1 s t !y _h mu* to suff] dur+ a viol5t sn[-/orm1 :i* rag$ f ,may #bg to #cj4 ,?us aft] ano!r long delay & an irrep>able loss ( "t1 consid]+ ! extreme %ortness ( ! summ]1 ,midd5dorff 0 n able to />t f ! ,n[aia be=e ,may #ca4 ,! s(t5+ ( ! sn[ r5d]$ ! advance ( ! sl$ges extremely difficult1 s t x 0 n be=e ,june #ad t he rea*$ ! ,taimur at a consid]able di/ance above ! po9t :]e ! riv] dis*>ges its wat]s into ! lake4 ,encamp+ on a /eep declivity ( its bank1 ,midd5dorff n[ set ab\t build+ 8 boat4 ,on ,june #cj ! ice on ! riv] began to break up1 & on ,july #e ! navigation ( ! /ream 0 free4 ,by ! light ( ! midnight sun ! boat 0 laun*$1 & *ri/5$ 8,! ,tundra10 to commemorate ! difficulties ( its con/ruction 9 ! des]ts ( #gd ,n4 lat4 ,con/ant nor? w9ds ret>d$ ! voyage d[n ! riv] & ov] ! lake1 beyond :i* ! ,taimur1 trav]s+ a hilly c\ntry1 is inclos$ )9 /eep & picturesque rocks4 ,! increas+ rapidity ( ! /ream n[ favor$ ! travell]s1 & ! /orms 7 less tr\blesome betwe5 ! mighty rock-walls2 b un=tunately ,midd5dorff1 in/ead ( be+ able1 z he _h expect$1 to fill 8 nets ) fi% z he advanc$1 & to e/abli% dpts = 8 return j\rney1 f\nd himself oblig$ to consume ! provisions he _h tak5 ) him 9 ! boat4 ,on ,augu/ #f ! fir/ night-fro/ took place1 & f t "t 0 regul>ly repeat$4 ,yet 9 spite ( ^! w>n+s1 ,midd5dorff cont9u$ 8 j\rney d[n ! riv]1 & rea*$ ! sea on ,augu/ #bd1 9 #gf ,n4 lat4 ,b n[ x 0 high "t to return4 8,! fe> ( leav+ my und]tak+ half unf9i%$10 says ,midd5dorff1 8_h hi!rto enc\rag$ me to p]sev]e4 ,! great di/ance f any human habitation1 ! rapid /ream1 aga9/ :i* we _h n[ to cont5d1 & ! advanc$ season1 ) its approa*+ d>k nights & fro/s1 made our return an imp]ative necessity1 & ,i c\ld h b little reliance on our rema9+ /r5g?4 ,! insuffici5t food & ! fatigues ( our j\rney1 (t5 prolong$ to extreme exhau/ion1 _h r$uc$ our vigor1 & we all began to feel ! effects ( our frequ5t wad+ ?r\gh cold wat]1 :51 z (t5 happ5$1 our boat _h gr\nd$ ^u a %all[1 or :5 ! flat mud-banks ( ! riv] gave u no o!r alt]native = rea*+ ! dry l&4 ,x 0 n[ also ! second mon? s9ce we _h n slept "u a t5t1 hav+ all ! "t pass$ ! nights beh9d a scre5 erect$ on ! o>s ( ! boat1 z a %elt] aga9/ ! w9d4 ,provid$ ) a good load ( drift-wood1 collect$ on ! %ore ( ! ,pol> ,ocean1 we began our return voyage on ,augu/ #bf4 ,! bord]s ( ! riv] 7 already incru/$ ) ice4 ,wad+ became extremely irksome1 ! riv] hav+ mean:ile fall5 above six feet1 & ! %all[s frequ5tly =c+ u to /ep into ! wat] & pull ! boat along4 8,=tunately ! w9d rema9$ favorable1 & ?us by r[+ to ! utmo/ ( our /r5g?1 & ) ! assi/ance ( ! broad sails ( our #8,tundra1' we surm\nt$ two rapids :i*1 encas$ betwe5 abrupt rocks1 seem$ to defy our utmo/ ef=ts4 8,on ! #ca/1 a malici\s gu/ ( w9d1 bur/+ out ( a n>r[ gorge1 ?rew our boat aga9/ ! rocks & broke ! rudd]4 ,! fro/ & wet1 toge!r ) ! %ortness ( our provisions1 tri$ u sorely4 ,n a day pass$ )\t sleet & sn[4 8,on ,septemb] #e1 :ile endeavor+ to d\ble dur+ a viol5t /orm a rocky isl& at ! nor!rn extremity ( ,lake ,taimur1 "o wave aft] ano!r da%$ into ! boat1 :i* ,i c\ld only save by lett+ h] run ^u a s&-bank4 ,! viol5t w9d1 ) a temp]ature ( only #bg at noon1 cov]$ our clo!s ) solid ice-cru/s4 ,we 7 oblig$ to halt f\r days till ! /orm ceas$2 our nets & my d\ble-b>rell$ gun prov$ daily m & m unsuccessful1 s t hung] comb9$ ) cold to r5d] our situation almo/ intol]able4 ,on ! #h?1 :ile on ! look\t = pt>migan1 ,i saw ?r\gh my telescope a long /ripe ( silv] /ret*+ ov] ! lake1 &1 return+ to my comrades1 in=m$ !m t we mu/ absolutely set (f aga9 ! next morn+1 reg>dless ( w9d & wea!r4 8,on ! foll[+ day ! om9\s indications ( ! telescope r5d]$ x necess>y to approa* ! m op5 we/ side ( ! lake2 :i* ,i foll[$ until /opp$ by ! ice1 along ^: bord]s ,i !n sail$ 9 ord] to rea* ! riv]1 :i* mu/ /ill be op54 ,mean:ile ! w9d _h completely fall51 &1 to our a/oni%m5t1 we saw ! wat] 9 our wake cov] itself ) a ?9 cru/ ( ice z soon z we pass$4 ,! dang] ( freez+ fa/ 9 ! middle ( ! lake 0 evid5t40 ,un=tunately1 :ile endeavor+ to rea* ! riv]1 ! boat 0 cru%$ betwe5 two ice floes1 & 0 ) great difficulty dragg$ on %ore4 ,! only *ance ( rescue n[ 0 to meet ) "s ,samoedes on ! upp] c\rse ( ! riv]1 = ^! nomads nev] w&] nor?w>d beyond ! s\!rn extremity ( ! lake1 & f ?is our travell]s 7 /ill at a great di/ance4 8,we made a l>ge h&-sl$ge10 cont9ues ,midd5dorff1 8& set (f )\t loss ( "t on ! #aj?1 9 spite ( ! ra9y wea!r1 :i* _h completely dissolv$ ! sp>+ sn[ ^u ! hills4 ,! %>p /ones cut into our sl$ge-runn]s l knives1 & aft] hav+ sc>cely made ?ree v]/s1 ! vehicle fell to pieces4 ,! bad wea!r =c$ u to /op = ! night4 ,! fatigues ( our boat-j\rney1 ! want ( prop] food1 & m5tal anxiety1 _h = sev]al weeks be5 und]m9+ my heal?3 a total want ( sleep de/roy$ ! rema9d] ( my /r5g?1 s t1 e>ly on ! #aa?1 ,i felt myself q unable to proce$40 ,9 ?is extremity ,midd5dorff adopt$ ) h]oic self-d5ial ! be/ & only means = 8 own pres]vation & t ( 8 comrades4 ,if1 by dep>t+ )\t loss ( "t1 !y 7 =tunate en\gh to rea* ! ,samoedes be=e ^! nomads _h left ! ,taimur c\ntry = ! s\?1 he also might be rescu$2 if !y f\nd !m v late1 !y at lea/ might expect to save _! lives2 if ! ,samoedes c\ld n be f\nd1 !n ( c\rse ! :ole p>ty 0 doom$4 ,?us ,midd5dorff resolv$ to sep>ate at once f 8 comrades4 ,a remnant ( fle% extract1 res]v$ = extreme cases1 0 divid$ into five equal portions2 ! naturali/'s dog1 ! fai?ful companion ( all 8 previ\s j\rneys1 0 kill$1 ?\gh r$uc$ to a m]e skeleton1 & 8 scanty fle% simil>ly di/ribut$ among ! p>ty4 ,! blood & a s\p made ( ! bones s]v$ = ! p>t+ repa/4 ,?us ( 8 own free-w1 ! w9t] hav+ already set 91 ,midd5dorff1 ill & exhau/$1 rema9$ q alone 9 ! icy des]t1 beh9d a %elt]+ rock1 9 #ge ,n4 lat41 sev]al hundr$ v]/s f all human dwell+s1 almo/ )\t fuel1 & ) a mis]able supply ( food4 ,! ?ree fir/ days he 0 /ill able to move4 ,he saw ! lake cov] itself completely ) ice1 & ! la/ birds dep>t = ! s\?4 ,!n 8 /r5g? utt]ly fail$ him1 & = ! next ?ree days he 0 unable to /ir4 ,:5 he 0 aga9 able to move1 he felt an excessive ?ir/4 ,he crawl$ to ! lake1 broke ! ice1 & ! wat] refre%$ him4 ,b he 0 n yet free f disease1 & ?is 0 =tunate1 z want ( appetite did n make him feel ! necessity ( food4 ,n[ foll[$ a succession ( t]rible sn[-/orms1 :i* completely imprison$ ! solit>y travell]1 b at ! same "t af=d$ him a bett] %elt] aga9/ ! w9d4 8,my companions10 he writes 9 a lett] to a relation1 8_h n[ left me twelve days2 human assi/ance c\ld no long] be expect$2 ,i 0 conv9c$ t ,i _h only myself to rely ^u1 t ,i 0 doom$1 & z good z numb]$ )1 ! dead4 ,& yet my c\rage did n =sake me4 ,l our squirrels1 ,i turn$ myself accord+ to ! *anges ( ! w9d4 ,dur+ ! long sleepless nights fancy op5$ h] doma9s1 & ,i =got ev5 hung] & ?ir/4 ,!n ,boreas broke ro>+ out ( ! gullies z if he int5d$ to sweep me away into ! skies1 & 9 a %ort "t ,i 0 cov]$ ) a com=table sn[-mantle4 ,?us ,i lay ?ree days1 ?9k+ ( wret*es :o _h be5 immur$ alive1 & gr[n mad 9 _! dreadful prison4 ,an ov]:elm+ fe> ( insanity befell me--x oppress$ my he>t--x became insupportable4 ,9 va9 ,i attempt$ to ca/ x (f--my weak5$ bra9 c\ld grasp no o!r idea4 ,& n[ sudd5ly--l a ray ( light f heav5--! sav+ ?\ght fla%$ ^u me4 8,my la/ pieces ( wood 7 quickly light$--"s wat] 0 ?aw$ & w>m$--,i p\r$ into x ! spirits f a flask conta9+ a specim5 ( natural hi/ory1 & drank4 ,a new life seem$ to awak5 9 me2 my ?\ghts return$ aga9 to my family1 to ! happy days ,i _h sp5t ) ! fri5ds ( my y\?4 ,soon ,i fell into a pr(\nd sleep--h[ long x la/$ ,i "k n--b on awak5+ ,i felt l ano!r man1 & my brea/ 0 fill$ ) gratitude4 ,appetite return$ ) recov]y1 & ,i 0 r$uc$ to eat lea!r & bir*-b>k1 :5 a pt>migan =tunately came )9 rea* ( my gun4 ,hav+ ?us obta9$ "s food = ! j\rney1 ,i resolv$1 al?\gh /ill v feeble1 to set out & seek ! provisions we _h buri$4 ,pack+ "s articles ( dress1 my gun & ammunition1 my j\rnal1 etc41 on my small h&-sl$ge1 ,i proce$$ sl[ly1 & frequ5tly re/+4 ,at noon ,i saw1 on a well-kn[n declivity ( ! hills1 ?ree black spots :i* ,i _h n previ\sly notic$1 & z !y *ang$ _! position1 ,i at once alt]$ my r\te to jo9 !m4 ,we approa*$ ea* o!r--&1 judge ( my delight1 x 0 ,tris*un1 ! ,samoede *iefta91 :om ,i _h previ\sly assi/$ 9 ! prevail+ epidemic1 & :o n[1 guid$ by "o ( my companions1 _h set out ) ?ree sl$ges to seek me4 ,eag] to s]ve 8 b5efactor1 ! grateful savage _h made 8 re9de] w&] )\t food ov] a space ( #aej v]/s :]e no moss grew4 8,i n[ he>d t my companions _h =tunately rea*$ ! ,samoedes f\r days aft] our sep>ation2 b ! dreadful sn[-/orms _h prev5t$ ! nomads f com+ soon] to my assi/ance1 & _h ev5 =c$ !m twice to retrace _! /eps4 8,on ,septemb] #cj ! ,samoedes br\ght me to my t5t1 & on ,octob] #i we bade ! ,taimur an et]nal f>ewell4 ,aft] five mon?s we hail$ ) delight1 on ,octob] #bj1 ! v]ge ( ! =e/1 & on ! foll[+ day we rea*$ ! smoky hut on ! ,boganida1 :]e we _h left our fri5ds40 ,hav+ ?us accompani$ ,midd5dorff on 8 adv5tur\s w&]+s ?r\gh ,taimuria1 ,i w n[ give a brief acc\nt ( 8 obs]vations on ! climate & natural productions ( ?is nor!rn l&4 ,! rem>k ( ,saussure t ! diff]5ce ( temp]ature betwe5 light & %ade is greate/ 9 summ]1 & 9 ! high latitudes1 0 fully confirm$ by ,midd5dorff4 ,:ile ! !rmomet] m>k$ -#cg 9 ! %ade1 ! hillsides expos$ to ! sun 7 dripp+ ) wet1 & t[>ds ! end ( ,june1 ?\gh ! mean temp]ature ( ! air 0 /ill bel[ ! freez+-po9t ( wat]1 ! sn[ _h already entirely disappe>$ on ! sunny side ( ! ,taimur ,riv]4 ,torr5ts came brawl+ d[n ! hills2 ! swoll5 riv]s rose =ty or sixty feet above _! w9t] level1 & c>ri$ _! icy cov]+ along ) !m to ! sea4 ,on ,augu/ #c1 9 ! v middle ( ! %ort ,taimurian summ]1 9 #gd #ae ( latitude1 ,midd5dorff hunt$ butt]flies "u ! %elt] ( a hill1 b>e-foot$ & 9 light "u-clo!s4 ,! !rmomet] rose 9 ! sun to #fh1 & close to ! gr\nd to #hf1 :ile at a %ort di/ance on a spot expos$ to ! nor?-ea/]n air-curr5t x fell at once to #bg4 ,! moi/ure ( ! air 0 v rem>kable4 ,9 ,may ?ick sn[-fogs almo/ p]petually obscur$ ! atmosph]e1 s t x 0 impossible to asc]ta9 ! position ( ! sun4 ,x appe>$ only 9 ! ev5+1 or ab\t midnight1 & !n regul>ly a p]p5dicul> column ( lum9\s :it5ess desc5d$ f its orb to ! e>?1 &1 wid5+ z x approa*$ ! horizon1 took ! =m & ! appe>ance ( a colossal lamp-flame1 su* z ! latt] appe>s :5 se5 ?r\gh ! mi/s ( a vapor ba?4 ,f ! same cause p>helia & halos 7 v frequ5t4 ,dur+ ! daytime ! sn[-fogs1 9 p]petual motion1 ei!r entirely veil$ ! ne>e/ objects1 or magnifi$ _! size1 or exhibit$ !m 9 a danc+ motion4 ,9 ,june ! sn[-fog became a vapor-fog1 :i* daily f "t to "t precipitat$ its surplus ( moi/ure 9 =m ( a light ra91 b ev5 !n ! nights1 p>ticul>ly aft] elev5 o'clock1 7 mo/ly s]5e4 ,exp]i5ce prov$1 contr>y to ,arago's op9ion1 t ?und]-/orms take place )9 ! ,arctic zone4 ,! p]petual motion ( ! air 0 v rem>kable4 ,! sun _h m]ely to disappe> beh9d a cl\d to produce at once a gu/ ( w9d4 ,t[>ds ! end ( ,augu/1 ! s\!rn & ! nor!rn air-curr5ts1 l two cont5d+ giants1 began to /rive = ! ma/]y1 until f9ally ! /orms rag$ ) extreme viol5ce4 ,b 9 ^! treeless des]ts _! fury f9ds no?+ to de/roy4 ,x is impossible to =m any ?+ l a correct e/imate ( ! quantity ( sn[ :i* annually falls 9 ! highe/ latitudes4 ,s mu* is c]ta9 t x c n be small1 to judge by ! viol5ce & swell+ ( ! riv]s 9 spr+4 ,! summits ( ! hills1 & ! declivities expos$ to ! reign+ w9ds1 are con/antly depriv$ ( sn[1 :i*1 h[ev]1 fills up ! bottom ( ! valleys to a consid]able height4 ,great 0 ,midd5dorff's a/oni%m5t1 :ile travell+ ov] ! tundra at ! end ( w9t]1 to f9d x cov]$ ) no m ?an two in*es1 or at ! v utmo/ half a foot1 ( sn[2 ! dri$ /ems ( ! ,arctic plants ev]y:]e peep+ =? above its surface4 ,?is 0 ! natural consequ5ce ( ! nor?-ea/]ly /orms1 :i*1 sweep+ ov] ! nak$ pla91 c>ry ! sn[ along ) !m1 & =m ! sn[-waves1 ! compass ( ! nor!rn nomads4 ,x is extremely probable t1 on advanc+ t[>ds ! pole1 ! fall ( sn[ gradually dim9i%es1 z 9 ! ,alps1 :]e its quantity likewise decreases on asc5d+ above a c]ta9 height4 ,on measur+ ! ?ickness ( ! ice1 ,midd5dorff 0 v mu* surpris$ to f9d x n[h]e1 bo? 9 ! lakes & on ! riv]1 ?ick] ?an eight feet1 & sometimes only f\r & a half2 its ?ickness be+ con/antly proportionate to ! quantity ( sn[ ) :i* x 0 cov]$4 ,at fir/ he c\ld h>dly believe t ?is simple cov]+ c\ld af=d s efficaci\s a protection aga9/ ! extreme cold ( w9t] 9 ! #gd? degree ( latitude1 b ! fact is well kn[n to ! ,samoedes1 :o1 :5ev] !y require wat]1 always make ! hole :]e ! sn[ lies deepe/4 ,! tundras ( ,taimuria 7 f\nd to consi/ pr9cipally ( arid plateaux & undulat+ heights1 :]e ! vegetation c n conceal ! b\ld]s & ! s& ( :i* ! cru/ ( ! e>? is =m$4 ,! )]$ tips ( ! grasses sc>cely diff] 9 color f ! dirty yell[-br[n moss1 & ! gre5 ( ! l[] "p ( ! /alks appe>s z ?r\gh a veil4 ,no?+ c be ( a m dre>y monotony ?an ?is vegetation :5 spread ov] a wide surface2 b 9 ! h>dly p]ceptible depressions ( ! pla9s :]e ! spr+ wat] is able to collect1 a fre%] gre5 ga9s ! upp] h&1 ! /alks are n only long]1 b /& clos] toge!r1 & ! grass1 gr[+ to a height ( ?ree or ev5 f\r in*es1 usurps ! place ( ! moss4 ,"h & !re small pat*es ( ,dryas octopetala1 or ,cassiope tetragona1 & mu* m r>ely a dw>f ranunculus1 div]sify ! d+y c>pet1 yet )\t be+ able to relieve its we>isome "*4 ,b v diff]5t1 & inde$ truly surpris+1 is ! aspect ( ! slopes :i*1 fac+ ! ,taimur lake or riv]1 are protect$ aga9/ ! late & e>ly fro/s4 ,"h consid]able pat*es ( gr\nd are cov]$ ) a lively gre51 int]m+l$ ) gayly-color$ fl[]s1 su* z ! brilliant yell[ ,siev]sia1 ! elegant ,oxytropis1 ! blue & :ite ,saxifragas1 ! r$ ,arm]ia alp9a1 & a beautiful new species ( ,delph9ium4 ,all ^! v>i\s fl[]s are n dw>fs ( /unt$ gr[?1 = ,polemones1 ,sisymbrias1 ,polygonums1 & ,papav]s above a foot high decorate ! slopes1 & ,midd5dorff f\nd an islet 9 ! ,taimur cov]$ l a field ) a ,s5ecio1 ( :i* "s ( ! mo/ conspicu\s specim5s 7 m ?an a foot & a half high1 & bore no less ?an =ty fl[]s above an in* 9 diamet]4 ,! progress ( vegetation is uncommonly rapid1 s t1 z ,midd5dorff rem>ks1 if any "o wi%es to see ! grass gr[1 he mu/ travel to ! ,taimur4 ,sc>cely d ! fir/ leaves peep =? :5 ! blossoms also appe>1 z if1 consci\s ( ! e>ly approa* ( autumn1 !y felt ! necessity ( br++ _! se$s to a rapid maturity "u ?is w9try sky4 ,) reg>d to ! animal creation1 ! g5]al law ( pol> uni=mity 0 fully confirm$ 9 ,taimurl&4 ,! same lemm+s 7 f\nd :i* p ! :ole nor? ( ,asia & ,am]ica1 & z high z #ge ,n4 lat4 !y f\nd ! traces ( ! sn[-h>e1 :i* inhabits ! complete circle ( ! ,arctic regions ( ! globe4 ,! ,arctic fox1 ev]y:]e at home 9 ! treeless wa/es1 is "h also pursu$ by ! nor!rn glutton2 & foll[+ ! h]ds ( ! re9de]1 ! wolves1 & ! ,samoedes1 roams up & d[n ! tundra4 ,! pt>migan1 :i* 9 ,sc&9avia & on ,melville ,isl& fe$s on b]ries & buds1 appe>s also z a summ] visitor at ! m\? ( ! ,taimur 9 #ge #d ,n4 lat41 & ! ivory gull ( ! nor!rn ,european seas likewise builds its ne/ on ! rocks ( t di/ant %ore4 ,! m vigor\s vegetation on ! %elt]$ declivities ( ! ,taimur provides food = a comp>atively great] numb] ( insects ?an is f\nd on ! coa/s ( ,nova ,zembla4 ,bees1 hornets1 & ?ree diff]5t species ( butt]flies1 buzz$ or hov]$ r\nd ! fl[]s1 & cat]pill>s c\ld be ga!r$ by doz5s on ! tundra1 b _! mortal enemies _h pursu$ !m ev5 "h2 & i*neumon flies crept out ( mo/ ( !m4 ,two spid]s1 sev]al flies1 gnats1 & tipul1 a curculio1 & half a doz5 c>abi complet$ ,midd5dorff's entomological li/1 to :i*1 no d\bt1 fur!r rese>*es w\ld h consid]ably add$4 ,?us1 at ! nor!rn extremity ( ,asia1 z 9 e o!r "p ( ! _w1 ! naturali/ f9ds ! confirmation ( ! g5]al law t1 :]e ! means ( life are giv51 life is sure to come =?4 ,,*apt] ,,xix4 ,,! ,,jakuts4 ,_! en]getic ,nationality4--,_! ,desc5t4--,_! gloomy ,"*4--,summ] & ,w9t] ,dwell+s4--,! ,jakut ,horse4-- ,incr$ible ,p[]s ( ,endurance ( ! ,jakuts4--,_! ,%>pness ( ,vision4--,surpris+ local ,memory4--,_! manual ,dext]ity4-- ,lea!r1 ,poni>ds1 ,c>pets4--,jakut ,gluttons4--,sup]/iti\s ,fe> ( ! ,m\nta9-_s ,ljes*ei4--,(f]+s ( ,horse-hair4-- ,improvis$ ,songs4--,! ,riv] ,jakut4 ,! ,jakuts are a rem>kably en]getic race1 = ?\gh subject to ! ,muscovite yoke1 !y n only successfully ma9ta9 _! language & mann]s1 b ev5 impose _! own tongue & cu/oms ^u ! ,russians :o h settl$ 9 _! c\ntry4 ,?us 9 ,jakutsk1 or ! 8capital ( ! ,jakuts10 z ) n a little ( national pride & self-complac5cy !y /yle t dre>y city1 _! language is mu* m frequ5tly spok5 ?an ! ,russian1 = almo/ all ! artisans are ,jakuts1 & ev5 ! ri* fur-m]*ant has n seldom a ,jakut wife1 z no ,russian n[ disda9s an alliance ) "o ( t nation4 ,at ,amg9skoie1 an orig9ally ,russian settlem5t1 ,midd5dorff f\nd ! greate/ difficulty 9 procur+ a guide able to speak ! ,russian language1 & all ! ,tunguse :om he met ) betwe5 ,jakutsk & ,o*otsk und]/ood & spoke ,jakut1 :i* is ?us ! dom9ant language f ! bas9 ( ! ,l5a to ! extreme ea/]n conf9es ( ,sib]ia4 ,9 tru?1 no ,russian workman c compete ) ! ,jakuts1 ^: cunn+ & effront]y w\ld make x difficult ev5 = a ,jew to prosp] among !m4 ,?\gh ( a ,mongolian physiognomy1 _! language1 :i* is said to be intelligible at ,con/ant9ople1 di/9ctly po9ts to a ,turk extraction1 & _! traditions speak ( _! orig9al seats z situat$ on ! ,baikal & ,angora1 :5ce1 retreat+ be=e m p[]ful hordes1 !y advanc$ to ! ,l5a1 :]e 9 _! turn !y dispossess$ ! weak] tribes :i* !y f\nd 9 possession ( ! c\ntry4 ,at pres5t _! *ief abode is along ! banks ( t imm5se riv]1 :i* !y occupy at lea/ z f> s\?w>d z ! ,aldan4 ,ea/w>d !y are f\nd on ! ,kolyma1 & we/w>d z f> z ! ,j5issei4 ,_! total numb] am\nts to ab\t #bjj1jjj1 & !y =m ! *ief "p ( ! population ( ! va/ b almo/ des]t prov9ce ( ,jakutsk4 ,!y are ess5tially a pa/oral p1 & _! *ief weal? consi/s 9 horses & cattle1 ?\gh ! nor!rn portion ( _! nation is r$uc$ to ! re9de] & ! dog4 ,besides ! bre$+ ( horses1 ! ,russian fur-trade has develop$ an indu/rial =m ( ! hunt]'s /ate1 s t among ! ,jakuts prop]ty accumulates1 & we h a high] civilization ?an w be f\nd else:]e 9 ! same latitude1 ,icel&1 ,f9l&1 & ,norway alone except$4 ,( an unsocial & res]v$ disposition1 !y pref] a solit>y settlem5t1 b at ! same "t !y are v hospitable1 & give ! /rang] :o claims _! assi/ance a fri5dly welcome4 ,villages consi/+ ( sev]al huts1 or y\rts1 are r>e1 & f\nd only betwe5 ,jakutsk & ! ,aldan1 :]e ! population is some:at d5s]4 ,beyond ! ,w]*ojansk ridge ! solit>y huts are frequ5tly sev]al hundr$ v]/s ap>t1 s t ! ne>e/ neighbors sometimes d n see ea* o!r = ye>s4 ,9 summ] ! ,jakut h]dsm5 live 9 urossy1 light conical t5ts fix$ on poles & cov]$ ) bir* r9d1 & dur+ ! :ole season !y are p]petually employ$ 9 mak+ hay = ! long w9t]4 ,9 #fb ,n4 lat41 & 9 a climate ( an almo/ unp>allel$ sev]ity1 ! re>+ ( _! cattle causes !m f> m tr\ble ?an is ! case ) any o!r pa/oral p4 ,_! supply ( hay is frequ5tly exhau/$ be=e ! end ( ! w9t]1 & f ,m>* to ,may _! ox5 mu/ g5]ally be cont5t ) will[ & bir* twigs or sapl+s4 ,illu/ration3 #hh4 ,a ,,jakut ,,village4 ,at ! beg9n+ ( ! cold season ! ,jackut ex*anges 8 summ] t5t = 8 w>m w9t] resid5ce1 or y\rt1 a hut built ( beams or logs1 9 ! =m ( a truncat$ pyramid1 & ?ickly cov]$ ) turf & clay4 ,plates ( ice s]ve z w9d[s1 & are replac$ by fi%-bladd]s or pap] /eep$ 9 oil1 z soon z ! ?aw beg9s4 ,! e>!n floor1 = x is b r>ely bo>d$1 is g5]ally sunk two or ?ree feet bel[ ! surface ( ! gr\nd4 ,! seats & sleep+ b]?s are rang$ along ! sides1 & ! c5tre is occupi$ by ! ts*uwal1 or he>?1 ! smoke ( :i* f9ds its exit ?r\gh an ap]ture 9 ! ro(4 ,clo!s & arms are susp5d$ f ! walls1 & ! :ole premises exhibit a sad picture ( disord] & fil?4 ,ne> ! y\rt are /ables = ! c[s1 b :5 ! cold is v sev]e1 ^! useful animals are receiv$ into ! family room4 ,z = ! horses1 !y rema9 night & day )\t a %elt]1 at a temp]ature :5 m]cury freezes1 & are oblig$ to fe$ on ! )]$ autumnal grass :i* !y f9d "u ! sn[4 ,^! creatures1 ^: p[]s ( endurance are almo/ incr$ible1 *ange _! hair 9 summ] l ! o!r quadrup$s ( ! ,arctic regions4 ,!y keep _! /r5g?1 ?\gh travell+ p]haps = mon?s ?r\gh ! wild]ness )\t any o!r food ?an ! p>*$1 half-rott5 grass met ) on ! way4 ,!y reta9 _! tee? to old age1 & rema9 "y mu* long] ?an our horses4 8,he :o ?9ks ( improv+ ! ,jakut horse10 says ,von ,midd5dorff1 8aims at some?+ l p]fection4 ,fancy ! wor/ conceivable roads1 & = n\ri%m5t ! b>k ( ! l>* & will[1 ) h>d grass-/alks in/ead ( oats2 or m]ely travel on ! po/-road to ,jakutsk1 & see ! horses t h j run =ty v]/s )\t /opp+1 & are cov]$ ) p]spiration & foam1 eat+ _! hay 9 ! op5 air )\t ! slighte/ cov]+1 at a temp]ature ( -#dj40 ,b ! ,jakut himself is no less h>d5$ aga9/ ! cold ?an 8 fai?ful horse4 8,on ,decemb] #i10 says ,wrangell1 8we biv\ack$ r\nd a fire1 at a temp]ature ( -#bh1 on an op5 pa/ure-gr\nd1 :i* af=d$ no %elt] aga9/ ! nor!rn bla/4 ,"h ,i _h an excell5t opportunity = admir+ ! unp>allel$ p[]s ( endurance ( our ,jakut att5dants4 ,on ! longe/ w9t] j\rney !y take nei!r t5ts nor extra cov]+ along ) !m1 n ev5 "o ( ! l>g] fur-dresses4 ,:ile travell+1 ! ,jakut cont5ts himself ) 8 usual dress2 9 ?is he g5]ally sleeps 9 ! op5 air2 a horse rug /ret*$ out ^u ! sn[ is 8 b$1 a wood5 saddle 8 pill[4 ,) ! same fur jacket1 :i* s]ves him by daytime z a dress1 & :i* he pulls (f :5 he lies d[n = ! night1 he decks 8 back & %\ld]s1 :ile ! front "p ( 8 body is turn$ t[>ds ! fire almo/ )\t any cov]+4 ,he !n /ops 8 nose & e>s ) small pieces ( sk91 & cov]s 8 face s z to leave b a small op5+ = brea?+--^! are all ! precautions he takes aga9/ ! sev]e/ cold4 ,ev5 9 ,sib]ia ! ,jakuts are call$ #8m5 ( iron4' ,(t5 h ,i se5 !m sleep+ at a temp]ature ( -#d 9 ! op5 air1 ne> an ext+ui%$ biv\ac fire1 & ) a ?ick ice-r9d cov]+ _! almo/ unprotect$ body40 ,mo/ ( ! ,jakuts h an incr$ible %>pness ( vision4 ,"o ( !m told ,lieut5ant ,anj\1 po9t+ to ! planet ,jupit]1 t he _h (t5 se5 yond] blue /> dev\r a small] "o1 & !n aft] a "t ca/ x out aga94#ac ,_! local memory is no less a/oni%+2 a pool ( wat]1 a l>ge /one1 a solit>y bu% impr9ts itself deeply into _! remembrance1 & guides !m aft] a lapse ( ye>s ?r\gh ! b\ndless wild]ness4 ,9 manual dext]ity !y surpass all o!r ,sib]ian nations1 & "s ( _! articles1 su* z _! poni>ds & _! lea!r1 might figure ) cr$it 9 any ,european exhibition4 ,long be=e ! ,russian conque/ !y made use ( ! iron ore on ! ,wilui to manufacture _! own knives & axes1 :i*1 ei!r f ! excell5ce ( ! mat]ial or ( ! workman%ip1 r>ely break1 ev5 9 ! sev]e/ cold--a p]fection :i* ! be/ ,%effield w>e does n atta94 ,s9ce "t immemorial !y h be5 acqua9t$ ) ! art ( /rik+ fire ) fl9t & /eel1 an inv5tion unkn[n ev5 to ! anci5t ,greeks & ,romans4 ,_! lea!r is p]fectly wat]-tight1 & ! wom5 make c>pets ( :ite & color$ sk9s1 :i* are ev5 export$ to ,europe4 ,x is almo/ sup]flu\s to m5tion t a p s capable ( be>+ h>d%ips1 s %>p-witt$1 & s eag] = ga9 z ! ,jakuts mu/ ne$s pursue ! fur-be>+ animals ) :i* _! =e/s ab\nd ) untir+ zeal & a wond]ful dext]ity4 ,! horse r5d]s ! ,jakut s]vices n less important ?an ^? ( ! re9de] to ! ,samoede or ! ,lapp4 ,besides us+ x = c>ry+ or rid+1 ! ,jakut makes articles ( dress out ( its sk91 & fi%+-nets ( its hair2 boil$ horse-meat is 8 favorite food1 & s\r m>e's milk1 or kumyss1 8 *ief bev]age4 ,( ! latt] he also makes a ?ick porridge1 or salamat1 by mix+ x ) rye-fl\r1 or ! inn] r9d ( ! l>* or fir tree1 to :i* he frequ5tly adds dri$ fi% & b]ries1 &1 to r5d] x p]fect1 a quantity ( rancid fat1 ( :i* he is immod]ately fond4 ,he is 9 fact a gross fe$]1 & "s pr(essional gluttons are capable ( consum+ su* a/oni%+ masses z to %ame ! appetite ev5 ( an ,esquimaux4 ,dur+ 8 /ay at ,jakutsk1 ,sir ,george ,simpson put ! abilities ( two di/+ui%$ arti/s to ! te/1 by sett+ two p\ds ( boil$ beef & a p\d ( melt$ butt] be=e !m4 ,ea* ( !m got a p\d ( meat = 8 %>e2 ! butt] !y 7 all[$ to ladle out & dr9k ad libitum4 ,! "o 0 old & exp]i5c$1 ! o!r "y & full ( zeal4 ,at fir/ ! latt] _h ! advantage4 8,8 tee? are good10 said ! eld] *ampion1 8b ) ! assi/ance ( my sa9t 7cross+ himself71 ,i w soon come up to him40 ,:5 ab\t half ( _! task 0 f9i%$1 ,sir ,george left 8 noble gue/s to ! c>e & inspection ( 8 secret>y1 b :5 he return$ a few h\rs aft]1 he 0 in=m$ t all 0 consum$1 :ile ! *ampions1 /ret*$ out on ! floor1 confirm$ ! secret>y's report1 & express$ _! ?anks = ! exorbitant meal !y _h enjoy$ by respectfully kiss+ ! gr\nd4 ,aft] "o ( ^! disgu/+ feats1 ! gorg$ gluttons g5]ally rema9 = ?ree or f\r days plung$ 9 a torpid /ate l boa snakes1 )\t eat+ or dr9k+1 & are frequ5tly roll$ ab\t on ! gr\nd to promote dige/ion4 ,x may also be notic$1 z a pro( ( ! l[ /ate ( intellectual culture among ! ,jakuts1 t at e w$d+ among ! ri*] class two pr(ess$ virtuosi 9 ! art ( gorm&iz+ are regul>ly invit$ = ! ent]ta9m5t ( ! gue/s4 ,"o ( !m is treat$ at ! bridegroom's exp5se1 ! o!r at t ( ! bride1 & ! p>ty ^: *ampion ga9s ! victory consid]s x z a good om5 = ! future4 ,! ,jakuts1 besides be+ a pre-em95tly pa/oral p1 are also ! univ]sal c>ri]s to ! ea/ ( ! ,l5a4 ,= beyond ,jakutsk1 ! only roads are n>r[ pa?s lead+ ?r\gh swamps1 d5se =e/s1 or tangl$ bu%es1 s t ! horse af=ds ! only means ( rea*+ ! m ev5 & l[] c\ntries :]e re9de] or dogs c be atta*$ to sl$ges4 ,)\t ! ,jakut & 8 horse1 ! ,russian w\ld nev] h be5 able to p5etrate to ! ,sea ( ,o*otsk1 & f !nce to ! ,aleutian *a92 b = him1 !y nev] w\ld h settl$ on ! ,kolyma1 nor h op5$ a comm]cial int]c\rse ) ! ,t*ukt*i & ! we/]n ,esquimaux4 ,be=e ! possession ( ! ,amoor _h op5$ a new road to comm]ce1 ?\s&s ( pack-horses us$ annually to cross ! ,/an[oi hills on ! way to ,o*otsk2 & :5 we consid] ! dreadful h>d%ips ( ! j\rney1 we c n wond] t ! road 0 m ?ickly /rewn ) ! skeletons ( fall5 horses ?an ! c>avan r\tes ?r\gh ! des]t ) ! bones ( fami%$ camels4 ,b ! ,jakut fe>s nei!r ! icy cold ( ! biv\ac nor ! pangs ( hung]1 :i*1 9 spite ( 8 wolfi% voracity1 he is able to support ) /oical =titude4 ,he fe>s nei!r ! /orm on ! nak$ hill1 nor ! gloom ( ! =e/1 nor ! dep? ( ! morass2 &1 bidd+ defiance to e ?+ else1 fe>s only ! invisible p[] ( 8,ljes*ei10 ! _s ( ! m\nta9 & ! wood4 ,! travell] wond]s :5 he sees on an em95ce cr[n$ ) firs an old tree f ^: bran*es hang bun*es ( horse-hair4 ,! ,jakut :o leads ! c>avan soon expla9s ! my/]y4 ,he dism\nts1 & pluck+ a few hairs f ! mane ( 8 horse1 atta*es !m ) a great %[ ( respect to a bran*1 z an (f]+ to propitiate ! favor ( ,ljes*ei on ! j\rney4 ,ev5 ^? ,jakuts :o pass = ,*ri/ians /ill pay ?is m>k ( respect to ! de?ron$ div9ity ( _! fa!rs2 & !re c be no d\bt t !y /ill reta9 ! old belief 9 ,s*amanism1 & an abject fe> ( all sorts ( evil spirits4 ,:ile travell+ !y s+ almo/ p]petually melan*oly tunes1 correspond+ ) ! habitual gloom ( _! national "*4 ,! text has m v>iety & poetry1 & g5]ally celebrates ! beauties ( nature1 ! /ately gr[? ( ! p9e1 ! murmur+ ( ! brook1 or ! gr&eur ( ! m\nta94 ,! s+]s are mo/ly improvisatores1 & to conciliate ! favor ( ,ljes*ei1 !y praise ! des]t ?r\gh :i* !y pass z if x 7 a p>adise4 ,l ! impov]i%$ ,samoede or ,lapp1 ! indig5t ,jakut1 :o possesses nei!r cattle nor horses1 settles ne> "s /ream4 ,8 only dome/ic animal is 8 dog1 :o c>ries ! fi% on a light sl$ge f ! riv]-bank to 8 hut1 or foll[s him into ! woods on 8 hunt+ exp$itions4 ,) ! sk9s ( fur-be>+ animals he pays 8 jassak1 & is glad if ! surplus all[s him to indulge f "t to "t 9 ! luxury ( a pipe ( ,circassian tobacco4 ,,*apt] ,,xx4 ,,wrangell4 ,8 di/+ui%$ ,s]vices z an ,arctic ,explor]4--,f ,pet]sburg to ,jakutsk 9 #ahbj4--,trade ( ,jakutsk4--,f ,jakutsk to ,ni%ne-,kolymsk4--,! ,bad>any4--,dreadful ,climate ( ,ni%ne-,kolymsk4--,summ] ,plagues4--,vegetation4--,animal ,life4-- ,re9de]-hunt+4--,fam9e4--,inundations4-- ,! ,sib]ian ,dog4-- ,fir/ ,j\rneys ov] ! ,ice ( ! ,pol> ,sea1 & ,exploration ( ! ,coa/ beyond ,cape ,%elagskoi 9 #ahba4--;,dreadful ,dang]s & ,h>d%ips4--,matius*k9's ,sl$ge-j\rney ov] ! ,pol> ,sea 9 #ahbb4--,la/ ,adv5tures on ! ,pol> ,sea4--,a ,run = ,life4-- ,return to ,/4 ,pet]sburg4 ,! exp$itions :i* _h be5 s5t out dur+ ! reign ( ! ,empress ,anna = ! exploration ( ! ,arctic %ores ( ,ea/]n ,sib]ia1 _h p]=m$ _! task s badly z to leave !m /ill almo/ totally unkn[n4 ,to fill up ?is blank 9 geography1 ! ,emp]or ,alex&] ord]$ two new exp$itions to be fitt$ out 9 #ahbj = ! purpose ( accurately asc]ta9+ ! limits ( ^! extreme fronti]s ( 8 imm5se empire4 ,( ! "o :i*1 "u ,lieut5ant ,anj\1 comm5c$ its op]ations f ! m\? ( ! ,jana1 & compris$ )9 its range ,new ,sib]ia & ! o!r isl&s ( ! ,l*[ gr\p1 b little has be5 communicat$ to ! public1 all 8 pap]s hav+ be5 accid5tally burn$2 b ! travels ( ,lieut5ant von ,wrangell1 ! comm&] ( ! second exp$ition1 h obta9$ a _w-wide celebrity4 ,/>t+ f ! m\?s ( ! ,kolyma1 he n only rectifi$ ! errors ( ! coa/-l9e ( ,sib]ia1 f ! ,indigirka 9 ! we/ to ,koliuts*9 ,isl& 9 ! ea/1 b m ?an once v5tur$ 9 a sl$ge ^u ! ,pol> ,ocean1 9 ! hopes ( discov]+ a l>ge c\ntry suppos$ to be situat$ to ! nor?w>d ( ,kotelnoi & ,new ,sib]ia4 ,wrangell left ,/4 ,pet]sburg on ,m>* #bc1 #ahbj1 & exp]i5c+ 9 8 j\rney ( #cejj miles repeat$ alt]nations ( spr+ & w9t]1 arriv$ at ,irkutsk1 :]e ! g>d5s 7 9 full fl[]1 on ,may #bj4 ,aft] a mon?'s re/1 a %ort j\rney br\ght him to ! banks ( ! ,l5a1 on :i* he emb>k$ on ,june #bg1 to desc5d to ,jakutsk1 :i* he rea*$ on ,july #bg4 ,?is small t[n ( #djjj inhabitants be>s ! gloomy /amp ( ! frigid nor?1 = ?\gh x has a few good h\ses1 its dwell+s *iefly consi/ ( ! w9t] y\rts ( ! ,jakuts1 ) turf-cov]$ ro(s1 doors ( sk9s1 & w9d[s ( talc or ice4 ,! only 8sight0 ( ?is dre>y place is ! old ru9\s o/rog or wood5 =t built by ! ,cossacks1 ! conqu]ors ( ! c\ntry1 9 #afdg4 ,jakutsk is ! c5tre ( ! int]ior trade ( ,sib]ia4 ,to ?is place are br\ght1 9 enorm\s quantities1 furs ( all k9ds1 walrus-tee?1 & mammo?-tusks1 f di/ances ( _m ?\s& v]/s1 to an am\nt ( half a million p\nds4 ,! comm]cial sph]e ( ! ,jakutsk m]*ants is ( an imm5se ext5t4 ,dur+ a cold ( t5 & tw5ty degrees !y set out = ! ,l*[ ,isles1 = ! fair ( ,o/r[noje1 = ,o*otsk1 or ,kja*ta4 ,jakutsk m]*ants 7 ! fir/ :o v5tur$ 9 crazy %ips across ! ,sea ( ,kam*atka1 & discov]$ ! isl& ( ,kadjiak1 eighty degrees ( longitude f _! home4 ,on ,septemb] #ab ,wrangell left ,jakutsk1 :]e regul> travell+ ends1 z f !nce to ,kolymsk1 & g5]ally ?r\gh\t ,nor!rn ,sib]ia1 !re are no beat5 roads4 ,! utmo/ t c be look$ = are foot or horse tracks lead+ ?r\gh morasses or tangl$ =e/s1 & ov] rocks & m\nta9s4 ,travell]s proce$ on horseback ?r\gh ! hilly c\ntry1 &1 on rea*+ ! pla9s1 use sl$ges drawn ei!r by re9de] or dogs4 ,9 ?is mann] ,wrangell cross$ f ! bas9 ( ! ,l5a to t ( ! ,yana1 nev] exp]i5c+ a high] temp]ature ?an #b1 & frequ5tly endur+ a cold ( m ?an -#ab1 dur+ ! j\rney ov] ! int]v5+ hills1 & !n turn+ ea/w>d1 trav]s$ ! ,bad>any1 a completely un9habit$ des]t1 *iefly consi/+ ( swamps4 ,^! ,bad>any nev] entirely dry up1 ev5 aft] ! longe/ summ]-dr\ght4 ,at t "t a solid cru/ is =m$1 ?r\gh :i* ! horses frequ5tly break1 b !y are pres]v$ f totally s9k+ 9 ! mire by ! p]petually froz5 und]gr\nd4 ,no?+ c be m dismal & dre>y ?an ! ,bad>any4 ,z f> z ! eye rea*es1 no?+ is to be se5 b a cov]+ ( d+y moss1 reliev$ "h & !re on "s m elevat$ spots by wret*$ specim5s ( dw>f-l>*es4 ,! w9t] is ! only season = trav]s+ ?is trea*]\s wa/e1 b woe to ! travell] %\ld he be ov]tak5 by a sn[-/orm1 z = miles & miles !re is no %elt] to be f\nd b t ( "s ru9\s p[>ni1 or po/-/ation4 ,at l5g?1 fifty-two days aft] leav+ ,jakutsk1 ,wrangell arriv$ on ,novemb] #b at ,ni%ne-,kolymsk1 ! appo9t$ head-qu>t]s ( ! exp$ition1 :]e he 0 welcom$ ) a cold ( -#dj1 or #gb bel[ ! freez+-po9t ( wat]4 ,ev5 9 ,sib]ia ! climate ( ?is place is ill-reput$ = its sev]ity1 :i* is z mu* due to its unfavorable position z to its high latitude 7#fh ,n474 ,! t[n /&s on a l[ swampy isl& ( ! ,kolyma1 hav+ on ! we/ ! b>r5 tundra1 & on ! nor? ! ,arctic ,ocean1 s t ! almo/ con/ant nor?-we/ w9ds h full scope = _! viol5ce1 & cause frequ5t sn[-/orms ev5 9 summ]4 ,! mean temp]ature ( ! :ole ye> is only #ad4 ,! riv] at ,ni%ne-,kolymsk freezes e>ly 9 ,septemb]1 b l[] d[n1 :]e ! curr5t is less rapid1 load$ horses c sometimes cross on ! ice z e>ly z ,augu/ #bj1 nor does ! ice ev] melt be=e ,june4 ,al?\gh ! sun rema9s fifty-two days above ! horizon1 ! light1 obscur$ by almo/ p]petual mi/s1 is accompani$ ) little heat1 & ! sol> disc1 compress$ by refraction into an elliptical =m1 may be look$ at ) ! nak$ eye )\t inconv5i5ce4 ,9 spite ( ! con/ant light1 ! common ord] ( ! p>ts ( ! day is pla9ly disc]nible4 ,:5 ! sun s9ks d[n to ! horizon1 all nature is mute2 b :51 aft] a few h\rs1 x rises 9 ! skies1 e ?+ awak5s1 ! few little birds break out 9 feeble twitt]1 & ! %rivell$ fl[]s v5ture to op5 _! petals4 ,al?\gh w9t] & summ] are 9 reality ! only seasons1 yet ! inhabitants fancy !y h spr+ :5 ab\t noon ! rays ( ! sun beg9 to make !mselves felt1 :i* g5]ally takes place ab\t ! middle ( ,m>*1 b ?is s-call$ spr+ has frequ5t night-fro/s ( tw5ty degrees4 ,_! autumn is reckon$ f ! "t :5 ! riv]s beg9 to freeze ov]1 t is1 f ! fir/ days ( ,septemb]1 :5 a cold ( ?irty degrees is already by no means uncommon4 ,z may easily be suppos$ 9 a climate l ?is1 ! vegetation ( summ] is sc>cely m ?an a /ruggle = exi/5ce4 ,9 ! latt] end ( ,may ! /unt$ will[-bu%es put out little wr9kl$ leaves1 & ^? banks :i* slope t[>ds ! s\? become clo!d ) a semi-v]dant hue2 9 ,june ! temp]ature at noon atta9s #gb2 ! fl[]s %[ !mselves1 & ! b]ry-be>+ plants blossom1 :5 sometimes an icy bla/ f ! sea de/roys ! bloom4 ,! air is cle>e/ 9 ,july1 & ! temp]ature is usually mild1 b !n a new plague arises = ! torm5t ( man4 ,millions & millions ( mosquitoes issue f ! swamps ( ! tundra1 & compel ! inhabitants to seek refuge 9 ! d5se & pung5t smoke ( ! 8dymokury10 or l>ge heaps ( fall5 leaves & damp wood1 :i* are k9dl$ ne> ! dwell+s & on ! pa/ure-gr\nds1 z ! only means ( keep+ (f ^? abom9able insects4 ,^! torm5tors1 h[ev]1 are n )\t use1 = !y compel ! re9de] to migrate f ! =e/s to ! sea-%ore & ! ice1 ?us expos+ !m to ! attack ( ! hunt]s1 & !y also prev5t ! horses f /ray+ 9 ! pla9s1 & w&]+ beyond ! protection ( ! smoke4 ,sc>cely is ! mosquito plague at an end1 :5 ! d5se autumn fogs ris+ f ! sea spoil ! enjoym5t ( ! la/ mild h\rs :i* prec$e ! n9e mon?s' w9t]4 ,9 ,janu>y ! cold increases to -#de2 brea?+ !n becomes difficult2 ! wild re9de]1 ! indig5\s inhabitant ( ! ,pol> region1 )draws to ! ?icke/ "p ( ! =e/1 & /&s !re motionless1 z if depriv$ ( life4 ,) ! #bb;d ,novemb] beg9s a night ( ?irty-eight days1 reliev$ 9 "s degree by ! /rong refraction & ! :ite ( ! sn[1 z well z by ! moon & ! aurora4 ,on ! #bh? ,decemb] ! fir/ pale glimm]+ ( dawn appe>s1 :i* ev5 at noon does n obscure ! />s4 ,) ! re-appe>ance ( ! sun ! cold increases1 & is mo/ int5se 9 ,febru>y & ,m>* at ! ris+ ( ! sun4 ,ev5 9 w9t] completely cle> days are v r>e1 z ! cold sea-w9d cov]s ! l& ) mi/s & fogs4 ,! "* ( ! vegetation corresponds ) t ( ! climate4 ,moss1 /unt$ grass1 dw>fi% will[-%rubs1 are all t ! place produces4 ,! neighbor+ valleys ( ! ,aniuj1 protect$ by m\nta9s aga9/ ! sea-w9d1 h a some:at ri*] flora1 = "h gr[ b]ry-be>+ plants1 ! bir*1 ! popl>1 abs9!1 ?yme1 & ! l[-creep+ c$>4 ,?is pov]ty1 h[ev]1 ( ! vegetable _w is /rongly contra/$ ) ! pr(usion ( animal life ov] ^! %ores & on ! ,pol> ,sea4 ,re9de]1 elks1 be>s1 foxes1 sables1 & gray squirrels fill ! upl& =e/s1 :ile /one-foxes burr[ 9 ! l[ gr\nds4 ,enorm\s flights ( swans1 geese1 & ducks arrive 9 spr+1 & seek des]ts :]e !y may m\lt & build _! ne/s 9 safety4 ,eagles1 owls1 & gulls pursue _! prey along ! sea-coa/2 pt>migan run 9 troops among ! bu%es2 little snipes are busy among ! brooks4 ,9 ! morasses ! cr[s ga!r r\nd ! huts ( ! natives2 & :5 ! sun %9es 9 spr+1 ! travell] may ev5 sometimes he> ! note ( ! f9*1 & 9 autumn t ( ! ?ru%4 ,b ! l&scape rema9s dre>y & dead2 all d5otes t "h ! limits ( ! habitable e>? are pass$1 & "o asks ) a/oni%m5t :at c\ld induce human be+s to take up _! abode 9 s com=tless a region8 ,9 ! di/rict ( ,kolymsk1 :i* surpasses 9 size _m a ,european k+dom1 ! population1 at ! "t ( ,wrangell's visit1 consi/$ ( #cbe ,russians1 #ajcd ,jakuts1 & #aaci ,jukahires ( ! male sex1 ( :om #bagc _h to pay ! jassak1 consi/+ ( #hjc fox & #bh sable sk9s1 wor? #fgjd r\bles1 besides :i* !y 7 tax$ to ! am\nt ( #aj1hdg r\bles 9 money4 ,?us ! ,russian d\ble-eagle made1 & no d\bt /ill makes1 ! poor p ( ,kolymsk pay r de> = ! honor ( liv+ "u ! protection ( its talons4 ,! ,cossacks1 9 virtue ( _! desc5t f ! orig9al conqu]ors ( ! c\ntry1 enjoy ! enviable privilege ( be+ tax free2 !y are1 h[ev]1 oblig$ to r5d] milit>y s]vice :5 requir$4 ,!y =m ! small g>rison ( ,ni%ne-,kolymsk1 & e ye> tw5ty-five ( !m repair to ! fair ( ,o/r[noje1 to keep ! wild ,t*ukt*i 9 *eck4 ,! ,russians are *iefly ! desc5dants ( fur-hunt]s or ( exiles2 & ?\gh !y h adopt$ ! native clo?+ & mode ( life1 !y are /ill di/+ui%able by _! m muscul> frame4 ,! wom51 :o are some:at bett]-look+ ?an ! female ,jakuts & ,jukahires1 are fond ( music1 & _! traditional songs dwell on ! beauties ( nature--! ru/l+ brook1 ! fl[]y mead1 ! night+ale's note--all ?+s belong+ to a _w ( :i* !y h no idea4 ,! dwell+s ( ! ,russians are h>dly to be di/+ui%$ f ! y\rts ( ! native tribes4 ,!y are made ( drift-wood1 &1 z may easily be imag9$1 are v small & l[4 ,! int]/ices are c>efully /opp$ up ) moss1 & ! outside is cov]$ ) a ?ick lay] ( clay4 ,an ext]nal mud wall rises to ! height ( ! ro( to keep (f ! w9d4 ,9 a hut l ?is ,wrangell sp5t _m a w9t] mon?1 b :5 ! cold 0 v int5se1 he 0 n able to lay aside any "p ( 8 fur clo?+1 ?\gh sitt+ close to a l>ge fire4 ,:5 he want$ to write he _h to keep ! ink/& 9 hot wat]2 & at night1 :5 ! fire 0 all[$ to g out = a %ort "t1 8 b$clo!s 7 always cov]$ ) a ?ick sn[-l rime4 ,! exi/5ce ( ! p ( ,kolymsk dep5ds ^u fi%+ & hunt+1 9 :i* !y are assi/$ by _! dogs4 ,^! fai?ful1 b cruelly-treat$ animals1 are said to resemble ! wolf1 hav+ long1 po9t$1 project+ noses1 %>p & upright e>s1 & long bu%y tails4 ,_! color is black1 br[n1 r$di%-br[n1 :ite1 & spott$1 _! h[l+ t ( a wolf4 ,9 summ] !y dig holes 9 ! gr\nd = coolness1 or lie 9 ! wat] to escape ! mosquitoes2 9 w9t] !y burr[ 9 ! sn[1 & lie curl$ up1 ) _! noses cov]$ ) _! bu%y tails4 ,! prep>ation ( ^! animals = a j\rney mu/ be c>efully att5d$ to2 = a =tnight at lea/ !y %\ld be put on a small all[ance ( h>d food1 to conv]t _! sup]flu\s fat into firm fle%2 !y mu/ also be driv5 f t5 to tw5ty miles daily1 aft] :i* !y h be5 kn[n to travel a hundr$ miles a day )\t be+ injur$ by x4 ,a team consi/s commonly ( twelve dogs1 & x is ( importance t !y %\ld be accu/om$ to draw toge!r4 ,! quick & /eady go+ ( ! team1 z well z ! safety ( ! travell]1 ma9ly dep5ds on ! docility & sagacity ( ! =emo/ dog or lead]4 ,no pa9s are !re=e sp>$ 9 8 education1 s t he may und]/& & obey 8 ma/]'s ord]s1 & prev5t ! re/ f />t+ (f 9 pursuit ( ! /one-foxes or o!r animals t may *ance to cross _! pa?4 ,_! usual food is froz5 fi%1 & t5 good h]r+s are said to be a prop] daily all[ance = ea* dog :ile on duty4 ,:5 n actively employ$1 !y are oblig$ to cont5t !mselves ) (fal1 & t[>ds spr+1 :5 ! w9t]'s provisions are g5]ally exhau/$1 !y suff] ! ke5e/ hung]4 ,?is season is also a h>d "t = ! w&]+ tribes ( ! neighborhood4 ,!n !y flock to ,ni%ne-,kolymsk1 & to ! o!r ,russian settlem5ts on ! ,kolyma1 b "h also fam9e />es !m 9 ! face4 ,!re is1 inde$1 a public corn magaz9e1 b ! price ( fl\r is rais$ by ! co/ ( transport to su* an exorbitant height1 z to be completely beyond ! rea* ( ! majority ( ! p4 ,?ree su* dreadful spr+s did ,wrangell pass at ,kolymsk1 witness+ sc5es ( mis]y nev] to be =gott54 ,b :5 ! di/ress ( ! p has rea*$ its highe/ po9t1 relief is g5]ally at h&4 ,troops ( migratory birds come f ! s\?1 & furni% "s food = ! despair+ population4 ,! supply is increas$ 9 ,june1 :5 ! ice breaks on ! ,kolyma1 = 9 spite ( ! fault9ess ( ! nets & ! want ( skill ( ! fi%]m51 ! riv] is ! pr9cipal s\rce ( pl5ty dur+ ! summ]1 & supplies1 moreov]1 ! *ief provisions = ! foll[+ w9t]4 ,b ) ^! gifts ! ,kolyma br+s ! plague ( inundations1 s t dur+ ! summ] ( #ahbb ,wrangell 0 oblig$ to sp5d a :ole week on ! flat ro( ( 8 hut4 ,! *ief res\rce ( ! ,jukahires ( ! ,riv] ,aniuj is ! re9de] *ase1 ! success ( :i* ma9ly decides :e!r fam9e or "s degree ( com=t is to be _! lot dur+ ! com+ w9t]4 ,! passage ( ! re9de] takes place twice a ye>2 9 spr+1 :5 ! mosquitoes compel !m to seek ! sea-%ore1 :]e !y fe$ on ! moss ( ! tundra1 & 9 autumn1 :5 ! increas+ cold =ces !m to retire f ! coa/4 ,! spr+ migration1 :i* beg9s ab\t ! middle ( ,may1 is n v pr(itable1 p>tly because ! animals are meagre1 & _! furs 9 bad condition1 & p>tly because x is m difficult to kill !m z !y pass ! froz5 riv]s4 ,! *ief hunt+ is 9 ,augu/ & ,septemb]1 :5 ! h]ds1 consi/+ ea* ( sev]al ?\s& de]1 return to ! =e/s4 ,!y inv>iably cross ! riv] at a p>ticul> spot1 :]e a flat s&y bank makes _! l&+ easi]2 & "h !y press m closely toge!r1 "u ! guidance ( ! /ronge/ animals ( ! h]d4 ,! passage takes place aft] "s hesitation1 & 9 a few m9utes ! riv] is cov]$ ) swimm+ re9de]4 ,! hunt]s1 hidd5 9 creeks or beh9d /ones & bu%es1 n[ %oot =? 9 _! small boats & w\nd z _m z !y c4 ,:ile !y are ?us busy1 !y run "s risk ( be+ ov]turn$ 9 ! turmoil1 = ! bucks def5d !mselves ) _! horns1 _! tee?1 & _! h9d legs1 :ile ! roes g5]ally attempt to spr+ ) _! =e feet ^u ! edge ( ! boat4 ,:5 ! hunt] is ?us ov]set1 8 only *ance ( safety is to cl+ to a /rong animal1 :i* safely br+s him to ! %ore4 ,b ! dext]ity ( ! hunt]s r5d]s su* accid5ts r>e4 ,a good hunt] w kill a hundr$ re9de] & m 9 half an h\r4 ,9 ! mean "t ! o!r boats seize ! kill$ animals1 :i* become _! prop]ty1 :ile ^? t are m]ely w\nd$ & swim a%ore belong to ! hunt]s1 :o1 9 ! mid/ ( ! tumult1 :]e all _! en]gies are tax$ to ! utmo/1 direct _! /rokes 9 su* a mann] z only sev]ely to w\nd ! l>g] animals4 ,! noise ( ! horns /rik+ aga9/ ea* o!r1 ! wat]s t+$ ) blood1 ! cries ( ! hunt]s1 ! snort+ ( ! affright$ animals1 =m a sc5e n to be describ$4 ,! p ( ! ,aniuj 7 already suff]+ great di/ress :51 on ,septemb] #ab1 #ahba1 ! eag]ly-expect$ re9de] h]ds made _! appe>ance on ! "r bank ( ! riv]4 ,nev] _h su* a multitude be5 se52 !y cov]$ ! hills1 & _! horns might h be5 mi/ak5 at a di/ance = a mov+ =e/4 ,9 a %ort "t numb]s ( ! ,sib]ian tribes _h assembl$1 ready to de/roy !m4 ,b ! w>y animals1 al>m$ by "s circum/ance or o!r1 took ano!r road1 &1 leav+ ! banks ( ! riv]1 vani%$ on ! m\nta9s4 ,! despair ( ! p may be imag9$2 "s lam5t$ al\d & wrung _! h&s1 o!rs ?rew !mselves ^u ! gr\nd & scrat*$ up ! sn[1 o!rs /ood motionless l /atues--a dreadful image ( ! univ]sal mis]y4 ,! lat] fi%+-season likewise fail$ 9 ?is deplorable ye>1 & _m hundr$s di$ 9 ! foll[+ w9t]4 ,:ile ! m5 ( ,kolymsk are busily employ$ dur+ ! %ort summ] 9 hunt+1 fi%+1 & hay-mak+1 ! wom5 w&] ov] ! c\ntry1 p>ticul>ly 9 ! m\nta9s1 to ga!r edible roots1 aromatic h]bs1 & b]ries ( v>i\s k9ds1 :i* latt]1 h[ev]1 d n e ye> arrive at maturity4 ,! b]ry-ga!r+ "h1 l ! v9tage else:]e1 is a "t ( m]rim5t4 ,! y\ng] wom5 & girls g toge!r 9 l>ge p>ties1 pass+ :ole days & nights 9 ! op5 air4 ,:5 ! b]ries are collect$1 cold wat] is p\r$ ov] !m1 & !y are pres]v$ 9 a froz5 /ate = a w9t] treat4 ,social p>ties are n unkn[n at ,kolymsk1 & are p]haps n less ent]ta9+ ?an 9 m ref9$ communities4 ,floods ( weak tea 7= ! aromatic leaves 8:i* *e]1 b n inebriate10 are v de> at ,kolymsk7 =m ! /aple ( ! ent]ta9m5t2 & z sug> is also an exp5sive article1 e gue/ takes a lump ( c&y 9 8 m\?1 lets ! tea :i* he sips fl[ by1 & !n replaces x ^u ! sauc]4 ,x w\ld be consid]$ v unmann]ly 7 he to consume ! :ole piece1 :i* ?us is able to d duty at m ?an "o soire4 ,next to tea1 br&y is a *ief requisite ( a ,kolymsk p>ty4 ,! busie/ "t at ,kolymsk is 9 ,febru>y1 :5 ! c>avan f ,jakutsk arrives on its way to ! fair ( ,o/r[noje4 ,x consi/s ( ab\t tw5ty m]*ants1 ea* ( :om leads f t5 to =ty sumpt] horses4 ,?is is ! "t n only = sale & pur*ase1 b also = he>+ ! la/ news f ! prov9cial capital ,jakutsk1 & receiv+ intellig5ce six mon?s old f ,mosc[ & ,/4 ,pet]sburg4 ,f ?is %ort acc\nt ( ,kolymsk life x may well be imag9$ :at a s5sation x mu/ h made 9 s seclud$ a place :5 ,wrangell arriv$ !re 9 ,novemb]1 & in=m$ ! p t he 0 come to sp5d ! bett] "p ( ! next ?ree ye>s among !m4 ,! w9t] 0 pass$ 9 prep>ation = ! next spr+ exp$itions1 = dur+ ! long ,arctic night ! d>kness prev5ts travell+1 & ! sn[ acquires a peculi> h>dness or %>pness f ! extreme cold1 s t !n f\r times ! numb] ( dogs w\ld be ne$$4 ,b z 9 summ] ! ?aw+ is likewise a h9drance1 ,wrangell _h 9 reality only ab\t t5 weeks e ye>1 f ,m>* till ! end ( ,may1 = ! accompli%m5t ( 8 task4 ,z may easily be suppos$1 x 0 no easy matt] to make ! necess>y arrangem5ts = an exp$ition requir+ "s hundr$s ( dogs1 & provisions = sev]al weeks2 b su* 0 ! en]gy display$ by ,wrangell & 8 colleagues1 t on ,febru>y #ai1 #ahba1 !y 7 able to />t on _! fir/ j\rney ov] ! ice ( ! ,pol> ,sea1 :i* !y rea*$ on ! #be?4 ,n9e sl$ges1 ) ! usual team ( twelve dogs to ea*1 7 provid$ = ! pres5t excursion1 six ( :i* 7 to c>ry provisions & /ores1 to be di/ribut$ 9 diff]5t dpts1 & !n to return4 ,! provisions = ! dogs consi/$ ( #bdjj fre% h]r+s1 & z mu* 8jukola0 z 0 equival5t to #haej dri$ h]r+s4 ,! increas+ cold & ! viol5ce ( ! w9d made travell+ v difficult4 ,to gu>d ! dogs f be+ froz51 ! driv]s 7 oblig$ to put clo?+ on _! bodies1 & a k9d ( boots on _! feet1 :i* greatly imp$$ _! runn+4 ,at times ! fro/ 0 s int5se t ! m]cury congeal$ :ile ,wrangell 0 mak+ 8 obs]vations4 ,he ?us describes ! mann] 9 :i* he pass$ ! nights on ! ,pol> ,sea 9 8 t5t3-- 8,betwe5 tea & supp] ! sl$ge-driv]s w5t out to att5d & fe$ _! dogs1 :i* 7 always ti$ up = ! night1 le/ !y %\ld be tempt$ away by ! sc5t ( "s wild animal4 ,mean:ile1 we 7 engag$ 9 comp>+ our obs]vations1 & 9 lay+ d[n on ! map ! gr\nd :i* we _h gone ov] 9 ! c\rse ( ! day2 ! sev]e cold1 & ! smoke :i* usually fill$ ! t5t1 sometimes made ?is no easy task4 ,supp] always consi/$ ( a s+le di% ( fi% or meat s\p1 :i* 0 boil$ = u all 9 ! same kettle1 out ( :i* x 0 eat54 ,soon aft] we _h f9i%$ our meal1 ! :ole p>ty lay d[n to sleep4 ,on acc\nt ( ! cold we c\ld n lay aside any "p ( our travell+-dress1 b we regul>ly *ang$ our boots & /ock+s e ev5+1 & hung ^? we _h tak5 (f1 ) our fur caps & gloves1 on ! t5t-poles to dry4 ,?is is an ess5tial precaution1 p>ticul>ly 9 respect to /ock+s1 = ) damp clo?+ !re is ! greate/ risk ( ! "p be+ froz54 ,we always spread ! be>-sk9s betwe5 ! froz5 gr\nd & ourselves1 & ! fur cov]+s ov] u1 &1 be+ well tir$1 we usually slept v s\ndly4 ,z long z all ! sl$ge-driv]s cont9u$ ) u1 we 7 s cr[d$ t we _h to place ourselves l ! spokes ( a :eel1 ) our feet t[>ds ! fire & our heads aga9/ ! t5t wall4 ,9 ! morn+ we g5]ally rose at six1 lit ! fire1 & wa%$ ourselves be=e x ) fre% sn[2 we !n took tea1 & imm$iately aft]w>ds d9n] 7:i* 0 simil> to ! supp] ( ! night be=e74 ,! t5t 0 !n /ruck1 & e ?+ pack$ & /[$ on ! sl$ges1 & at n9e we usually took our dep>ture40 ,! *ief imp$im5ts to j\rney+ on ! ice 7 f\nd to be ! hummocks1 (t5 eighty feet high1 :i* lie 9 ridges at c]ta9 di/ances1 p>allel p]haps to ! %ore4 ,along ! l9e or l9es :]e ! ice is p]iodically brok51 x is =c$ by pressure & ! toss+ ( a tempe/u\s sea into ^? irregul> ridges ?r\gh :i* ,wrangell _h sometimes to make a way ) cr[b>s = half a mile4 ,! 8pol9yas10 or spaces ( op5 wat] 9 ! mid/ ( ! ice1 (f]$ less h9drance1 z !y might be avoid$2 b 9 ?is neighborhood1 & sometimes ev5 :]e no hole 9 ! ice 0 visible1 lay]s ( salt 7 met )1 :i* cut ! dogs' feet1 & at ! same "t increas$ ! labor ( ! draft1 ! sl$ges mov+ ov] ! salt ) z mu* difficulty z !y w\ld ov] gravel4 ,9 spite ( all ^! h9drances1 ,wrangell ext5d$ 8 exploration ( ! coa/ fifty v]/s beyond ,cape ,%elagskoi1 :]e ! want ( fuel & provisions compell$ him to return4 ,! dpts :i* he _h made z he advanc$1 7 f\nd p>tly dev\r$ by ! /one-foxes & gluttons1 s t ! p>ty 0 compell$ to fa/ dur+ ! two la/ days ( ! j\rney4 ,aft] an abs5ce ( ?ree weeks ,ni%ne-,kolymsk appe>$ l a second ,capua to ,wrangell1 b "t be+ preci\s he all[$ himself b a few days' re/1 & />t$ afre%1 on ,m>* #bf1 = ,cape ,%elagskoi1 ) ! int5tion ( p5etrat+ z f> z possible to ! nor? on ! ice ( ! ,pol> ,sea4 ,! c>avan consi/$ ( tw5ty-two sl$ges1 lad5 ) fuel & provisions = ?irty days1 includ+ food = #bdj dogs4 ,s impos+ a tra9 _h c]ta9ly nev] be5 se5 be=e 9 ^! desolate regions1 = ! "p ( ! coa/ betwe5 ! ,kolyma & ,cape ,%elagskoi is :olly un9habit$2 on "o side ! occasional excursions ( ! ,russians t]m9ate at ! ,b>an[ rocks1 & on ! o!r ! ,t*ukt*i d n cross ! l>g] ,b>an[ ,riv]4 ,! int]v5+ eighty v]/s ( coa/ are nev] visit$ by ei!r p>ty1 b consid]$ z neutral gr\nd4 ,on ,april #a ,wrangell rea*$ ! bord]s ( ! ,pol> ,sea1 & proce$+ nor?w>d to #ga #ca1 f\nd ! ?ickness ( ! ice1 :i* he measur$ by means ( a hole1 to be ab\t a foot1 v rott51 & full ( salt2 ! s\nd+s1 twelve fa?oms1 ) a bottom ( s(t gre5 mud4 ,! w9d increas+ 9 viol5ce1 he he>d ! s\nd ( ! wat] b5ea?1 & felt ! undulatory motion ( ! ?9 cru/ ( ice4 8,our position10 says ! bold explor]1 80 at lea/ an anxi\s "o2 ! m s z we c\ld take no /ep to avoid ! imp5d+ dang]4 ,i believe few ( our p>ty slept1 except ! dogs1 :o alone 7 unconsci\s ( ! great probability ( ! ice be+ brok5 up by ! =ce ( ! waves4 ,next day1 ! w9d hav+ fall51 ,i _h two ( ! be/ sl$ges empti$1 & plac$ 9 !m provisions = tw5ty-f\r h\rs1 ) ! boat & o>s1 "s poles & bo>ds1 & proce$$ nor?w>d to exam9e ! /ate ( ! ice2 direct+ ,m4 von ,matius*k91 9 case ( dang]1 to retire ) ! :ole p>ty z f> z might be ne$ful1 )\t await+ my return4 ,aft] driv+ ?r\gh ! ?ick br9e ) mu* difficulty = sev5 v]/s1 we came to a numb] ( l>ge fissures1 :i* we pass$ ) "s tr\ble by ! aid ( ! bo>ds :i* we _h br\ght ) u4 ,at la/ ! fissures became s num]\s & s wide t x 0 h>d to say :e!r ! sea b5ea? u 0 really /ill cov]$ by a connect$ coat ( ice1 or only by a numb] ( deta*$ float+ fragm5ts1 hav+ ev]y:]e two or m feet ( wat] betwe5 !m4 ,a s+le gu/ ( w9d w\ld h be5 suffici5t to drive ^! fragm5ts aga9/ ea* o!r1 & be+ already ?or\ghly saturat$ ) wat]1 !y w\ld h sunk 9 a few m9utes1 leav+ no?+ b sea on ! spot :]e we 7 /&+4 ,x 0 manife/ly useless to attempt go+ f>!r2 we ha/5$ to rejo9 our companions1 & to seek ) !m a place ( great] security4 ,our mo/ nor!rn latitude 0 #ga #dc at a di/ance ( #bae v]/s 9 a /raight l9e f ! less] ,b>an[ rock40 ,aft] rejo9+ 8 companions1 & :ile /ill on ! froz5 sea1 s ?ick a sn[-/orm came on t ^? 9 ! h9dmo/ sl$ge c\ld n see ! lead+ ones4 ,unable ei!r to pit* _! t5t or to light a fire1 !y 7 expos$ dur+ ! night to ! :ole fury ( ! /orm1 ) a temp]ature ( #g1 )\t tea or s\p1 & ) no?+ to qu5* _! ?ir/ or satisfy _! hung] b a few m\?fuls ( sn[1 a little rye biscuit1 & a half-spoilt fi%4 ,on ,april #bh !y arriv$ at ,ni%ne-,kolymsk1 aft] an abs5ce ( ?irty-six days1 dur+ :i* !y _h travell$ above #hjj miles ) ! same dogs1 m5 & animals hav+ equally suff]$ f cold1 hung]1 & fatigue4 ,nei!r discom=t1 h[ev]1 nor dang] prev5t$ ,wrangell f und]tak+ a ?ird excursion 9 ! foll[+ spr+4 ,he _h great difficulty 9 procur+ ! necess>y dogs1 a disease :i* rag$ among !m dur+ ! w9t] hav+ c>ri$ (f m ?an f\r-fif?s ( ^! useful animals4 ,at l5g? 8 wants 7 suppli$ by ! p ( ! ,indigirka1 :]e ! sickness _h n ext5d$1 & on ,m>* #ad1 #ahbb1 he aga9 set out = ! bord]s ( ! ,pol> ,sea4 ,dur+ ?is exp$ition a l>ge ext5t ( coa/ 0 accurately survey$ by ,wrangell1 :o s5t out 8 wor?y assi/ant ,matius*k91 ) two companions1 9 an unload$ sl$ge1 to see if any f>!r advance c\ld be made to ! nor?4 ,hav+ accompli%$ t5 v]/s1 ,matius*k9 0 /opp$ by ! break+ up ( ! ice4 ,enorm\s masses1 rais$ by ! waves into an almo/ v]tical position1 7 driv5 aga9/ ea* o!r ) a dreadful cra%1 & press$ d[nw>d by ! =ce ( ! bill[s to re-appe> aga9 on ! surface cov]$ ) ! torn-up gre5 mud :i* "h =ms ! bottom ( ! sea4 ,x w\ld tire ! read] 7 ,i to relate all ! mis]ies ( _! return voyage2 suffice x to say t1 worn out ) hung] & fatigue1 !y rea*$ ,ni%ne-,kolymsk on ,may #e1 aft] an abs5ce ( fifty-sev5 days4 ,su* suff]+s & p]ils might h excus$ all fur!r attempts to discov] ! suppos$ l& 9 ! ,pol> ,sea1 b no?+ daunt$ by 8 repeat$ failures1 ,wrangell det]m9$ on a f\r? exp$ition 9 #ahbc1 on :i* he resolv$ to />t f a m ea/]ly po9t4 ,on rea*+ ! coa/1 ! ob/acles 7 f\nd /ill great] ?an on 8 previ\s visits to t fe>ful sea4 ,! wea!r 0 tempe/u\s1 ! ice ?9 & brok54 ,x 0 necess>y at times to cross wide lanes ( wat] on pieces ( ice2 at times ! ?9 ice b5t b5ea? ! weight ( ! sl$ges1 :i* 7 !n sav$ only by ! sagacity ( ! dogs1 :o1 aw>e ( ! dang]1 ran at _! greate/ spe$ until !y f\nd a solid foot+4 ,at l5g?1 ab\t sixty miles f %ore1 !y arriv$ at ! edge ( an imm5se break 9 ! ice1 ext5d+ ea/ & we/ f>!r ?an ! eye c\ld rea*4 8,we climb$ "o ( ! l(tie/ hummocks10 says ,wrangell1 8:5ce we obta9$ an ext5sive view t[>ds ! nor?1 & :5ce we beheld ! wide ocean spread be=e our gaze4 ,x 0 a fe>ful & magnific5t1 b to u a melan*oly spectacle6 ,fragm5ts ( ice ( enorm\s size float$ on ! surface ( ! wat]1 & 7 ?r[n by ! waves ) awful viol5ce aga9/ ! edge ( ! ice-field on ! f>!r side ( ! *annel be=e u4 ,! collisions 7 s trem5d\s t l>ge masses 7 e in/ant brok5 away1 & x 0 evid5t t ! portion ( ice :i* /ill divid$ ! *annel f ! op5 ocean w\ld soon be completely de/roy$4 ,_h we attempt$ to f]ry ourselves across ^u "o ( ! float+ pieces ( ice1 we %\ld n h f\nd firm foot+ ^u our arrival4 ,ev5 on our own side fre% l9es ( wat] 7 cont9ually =m+1 & ext5d+ 9 e direction 9 ! field ( ice beh9d u4 ,we c\ld g no f>!r4 ,) a pa9ful feel+ ( ! impossibility ( ov]com+ ! ob/acles :i* nature oppos$ to u1 our la/ hope vani%$ ( discov]+ ! l&1 :i* we yet believ$ to exi/4 ,we saw ourselves compell$ to r5\nce ! object = :i* we _h /riv5 ?r\gh ?ree ye>s ( h>d%ips1 toil1 & dang]4 ,we _h done :at honor & duty dem&$2 fur!r attempts w\ld h be5 absolutely hopeless1 & ,i decid$ to return40 ,!y turn$1 b already ! track ( _! advance 0 sc>cely disc]nible1 z new lanes ( wat] _h be5 =m$1 & fre% hummocks rais$ by ! sea4 ,to add to _! di/ress1 a /orm arose1 :i* ?reat5$ e mom5t to swall[ up ! ice isl&1 on :i* !y hop$ to cross a wide space ( wat] :i* sep>at$ !m f a firm] gr\nd4 8,we _h be5 ?ree long h\rs 9 ?is position1 & /ill ! mass ( ice b5ea? u held toge!r1 :5 sudd5ly x 0 caught by ! /orm1 & hurl$ aga9/ a l>ge field ( ice2 ! cra% 0 t]rific1 & ! mass b5ea? u 0 %att]$ into fragm5ts4 ,at t dreadful mom5t1 :5 escape seem$ impossible1 ! impulse ( self-pres]vation1 implant$ 9 e liv+ be+1 sav$ u4 ,in/9ctively we all sprang at once on ! sl$ges1 & urg$ ! dogs to _! full spe$4 ,!y flew across ! yield+ fragm5ts to ! field on :i* we _h be5 /r&$1 & safely rea*$ a "p ( x ( firm] "*1 on :i* 7 sev]al hummocks1 :]e ! dogs imm$iately ceas$ runn+1 consci\s1 app>5tly1 t ! dang] 0 pa/4 ,we 7 sav$6 ,we joyfully embrac$ ea* o!r1 & unit$ 9 ?anks to ,god = our pres]vation f su* imm95t p]il40 ,b _! mis=tunes did n end "h2 !y 7 cut (f f ! deposit ( _! provisions2 !y 7 #cfj v]/s f _! ne>e/ magaz9es1 & ! food = ! dogs 0 n[ b>ely suffici5t = ?ree days4 ,_! joy may be imag9$ :51 aft] a few v]/s' travell+1 !y fell 9 ) ,matius*k9 & 8 p>ty1 br++ ) !m an abundant supply ( provisions ( all k9ds4 ,to leave no?+ undone :i* c\ld possibly be effect$1 ,wrangell advanc$ to ! ea/w>d along ! coa/1 pa/ ,cape ,nor?1 se5 9 ,cook's la/ voyage1 & proce$$ z f> z ,koliuts*9 ,isl&1 :]e he f\nd "s ,t*ukt*i1 :o _h come ov] f ,b]+'s ,/raits to trade4 ,) ?is j\rney t]m9at$ ,wrangell's labors on ! coa/s1 or on ! surface ( ! ,pol> ,sea1 &1 at ! beg9n+ ( ! foll[+ w9t]1 we f9d him tak+ a f9al leave ( ,ni%ne-,kolymsk4 ,on ,janu>y #aj1 #ahbd1 he arriv$ at ,jakutsk1 & a few mon?s lat] at ,pet]sburg4 ,if we consid] ! difficulties he _h to enc\nt]1 & 8 untir+ zeal & c\rage 9 ! mid/ ( privations & dang]s1 x is only fair to admit t 8 "n des]ves to be rank$ among ! mo/ di/+ui%$ explor]s ( ! ,arctic _w4 ,,*apt] ,,xxi4 ,,! ,,tungusi4 ,_! ,relation%ip to ! ,mant*\4--,dreadful ,condition ( ! outca/ ,nomads4--,"* ( ! ,tungusi4--,_! ,outfit = ! ,*ase4--,be>-hunt+4--,dwell+s4--,diet4-- ,a ,night's ,halt ) ,tungusi 9 ! ,=e/4--,o*otsk4 ,?\gh bo? belong+ to ! same /ock1 ! fate ( ! ,tungusi & ,mant*\ has be5 v diff]5t2 = at ! same "t :5 ! latt] conqu]$ ! va/ ,*9ese ,empire1 ! =m]1 aft] hav+ spread ov] ! greate/ "p ( ,ea/ ,sib]ia1 & driv5 be=e !m ! ,jakuts1 ! ,jukahiri1 ! ,t*ukt*i1 & _m o!r aborig9al tribes1 7 9 _! turn subjugat$ by ! mighti] ,russians4 ,9 ! ye> #afdj ! ,cossacks fir/ enc\nt]$ ! ,tungusi1 & 9 #afdd ! fir/ ,mant*\ emp]or m\nt$ ! ,*9ese ?rone4 ,! same race :i* "h imposes its yoke ^u millions ( subjects1 !re falls a prey to a small numb] ( adv5tur]s4 ,h[ev] /range ! fact1 x is1 h[ev]1 easily expla9$1 = ! ,*9ese 7 worse arm$ & less discipl9$ ?an ! ,mant*\1 :ile ! ,tungusi _h no?+ b b[s & arr[s to oppose to ! ,cossack fire-arms2 & hi/ory 7f ,alex&] ! ,great to ,sad[a7 tea*es u t victory con/antly sides ) ! be/ weapons4 ,9 _! intellectual developm5t we f9d ! same diff]5ce z 9 _! =tunes betwe5 ! ,mant*\ & ! ,sib]ian ,tungusi4 ,two hundr$ & fifty ye>s ago ! =m] 7 /ill nomads1 l _! nor!rn k9sfolk1 & c\ld nei!r read nor write1 & already !y h a ri* lit]ature1 & _! language is spok5 at ! c\rt ( ,pek+2 :ile ! ,tungusi1 oppress$ & sunk 9 pov]ty1 are /ill z ignorant z :5 !y fir/ enc\nt]$ ! ,cossacks4 ,accord+ to _! occupations1 & ! v>i\s dome/ic animals employ$ by !m1 !y are di/+ui%$ by ! names ( ,re9de]1 ,horse1 ,dog1 ,=e/1 & ,riv] ,tungusi2 b al?\gh !y are f\nd f ! bas9s ( ! ,upp]1 ,middle1 & ,l[] ,tunguska to ! we/]n %ores ( ! ,sea ( ,o*otsk1 & f ! ,*9ese fronti]s & ! ,baikal to ! ,pol> ,ocean1 _! :ole numb] does n am\nt to m ?an #cj1jjj1 & dim9i%es f ye> to ye>1 9 consequ5ce ( ! ravages ( ! small-pox & o!r epidemic disord]s transmitt$ to !m by ! ,russians4 ,only a few re> horses & cattle1 ! re9de] be+ g5]ally _! dome/ic animal2 & ! impov]i%$ ,tunguse1 :o has be5 depriv$ ( 8 h]d by "s contagi\s disord] or ! ravages ( ! wolves1 lives z a fi%]man on ! bord]s ( a riv]1 assi/$ by 8 dog1 or retires into ! =e/s z a promys*l5ik1 or hunt]4 ,( ! mis]ies :i* "h await him1 ,wrangell relates a melan*oly in/ance4 ,9 a solit>y hut 9 "o ( ! dre>ie/ wild]nesses imag9able1 he f\nd a ,tunguse & 8 daught]4 ,:ile ! fa!r1 ) 8 long sn[-%oes1 0 pursu+ a re9de] = sev]al days toge!r1 ?is un=tunate girl rema9$ alone & helpless 9 ! hut--:i* ev5 9 summ] af=d$ b an imp]fect %elt] aga9/ ! ra9 & w9d--expos$ to ! cold1 & frequ5tly to hung]1 & )\t ! lea/ occupation4 ,no wond] t ! impov]i%$ ,tungusi n seldom s9k into cannibalism4 ,nei!r ! re9de] nor ! dogs1 nor ! wives & *ildr5 ( _! m =tunate c\ntrym51 are secure f ! attacks & voracity ( ^! outca/s1 :o1 9 _! turn1 are treat$ l wild bea/s1 & de/roy$ )\t m]cy4 ,a b>t]+ trade is1 h[ev]1 c>ri$ on ) !m1 b only at a di/ance1 & by signs2 ea* p>ty deposit+ its goods1 & foll[+ e motion ( ! o!r ) a suspici\s eye4 ,! ,russian ,gov]nm5t1 anxi\s to relieve ! mis]y ( ! impov]i%$ nomads1 has giv5 ord]s to settle !m along ! riv]-banks1 & to provide !m ) ! necess>y fi%+ implem5ts2 b only extreme wret*$ness c induce ! ,tunguse to rel9qui% ! free life ( ! =e/4 ,8 c>eless temp]1 8 ready wit1 & sprightly mann]1 di/+ui% him f ! o!r ,sib]ian tribes--! gloomy ,samoede1 ! unc\? ,o/iak1 ! res]v$ ,jakut--b he is said to be full ( deceit & malice4 ,8 vanity %[s itself 9 ! quantity ( glass beads ) :i* he decorates 8 dress ( re9de] lea!r1 f 8 small ,t>t> cap to ! tips ( 8 %oes4 ,:5 *as+ or travell+ on 8 re9de] ?r\gh ! woods1 he ( c\rse lays aside mo/ ( 8 f9]y1 & puts on l>ge wat]-tight boots1 or s>i1 well greas$ ) fat1 to keep (f ! wet ( ! morass4 ,8 hunt+ app>atus is extremely simple4 ,a small axe1 a kettle1 a lea!rn bag conta9+ "s dri$ fi%1 a dog1 a %ort gun1 or m]ely a b[ & a sl+1 is all he requires = 8 exp$itions into ! =e/4 ,) ! assi/ance ( 8 long & n>r[ sn[-%oes1 he flies ov] ! dazzl+ pla91 & protects 8 eyes1 l ! ,jakut1 ) a net made ( black horse-hair4 ,he nev] hesitates to attack ! be> s+le-h&$1 & g5]ally ma/]s him4 ,! nomad ,tunguse naturally requires a movable dwell+4 ,8 t5t is cov]$ ) lea!r1 or l>ge pieces ( pliable b>k1 :i* are easily roll$ up & transport$ f place to place4 ,! y\rt ( ! s$5t>y ,tunguse resembles t ( ! ,jakut1 & is s small t x c be v quickly & ?or\ghly w>m$ by a fire k9dl$ on ! /one he>? 9 ! c5tre4 ,9 8 food ! ,tunguse is by no means da9ty4 ,"o ( 8 favorite di%es consi/s ( ! cont5ts ( a re9de]'s /oma* mix$ ) wild b]ries1 & spread out 9 ?9 cakes on ! r9d ( trees1 to be dri$ 9 ! air or 9 ! sun4 ,^? :o h settl$ on ! ,wiluj & 9 ! neighborhood ( ,n]ts*9sk1 likewise consume l>ge quantities ( brick tea1 :i* !y boil ) fat & b]ries into a ?ick porridge1 & ?is un:olesome food adds no d\bt to ! yell[ness ( _! complexion4 ,b few ( ! ,tungusi h be5 conv]t$ to ,*ri/ianity1 ! majority be+ /ill addict$ to ,%amanism4 ,!y d n l to bury _! dead1 b place !m1 9 _! holiday dresses1 9 l>ge *e/s1 :i* !y hang up betwe5 two trees4 ,! hunt+ app>atus ( ! deceas$ is buri$ b5ea? ! *e/4 ,no c]emonies are us$ on ! occasion1 except :5 a ,%aman happ5s to be 9 ! neighborhood1 :5 a re9de] is sacrific$1 on ^: fle% ! sorc]] & ! relations regale !mselves1 :ile ! spirits to :om ! animal is suppos$ to be (f]$ are oblig$ to cont5t !mselves ) ! smell ( ! burnt fat4 ,z among ! ,samoedes or ! ,o/iaks1 woman is a m>ketable w>e among ! ,tungusi4 ,! fa!r gives 8 daught] 9 m>riage = tw5ty or a hundr$ re9de]1 or ! bridegroom is oblig$ to e>n h] h& by a long p]iod ( s]vice4 ,9 ,ea/ ,sib]ia ! ,tungusi divide ) ! ,jakuts ! task ( convey+ goods or travell]s ?r\gh ! =e/s1 & af=d ! /rang] frequ5t opportunities = admir+ _! agility & good-humor4 ,on halt+ aft] a day's j\rney1 ! re9de] are unpack$ 9 an in/ant1 ! saddles & ! goods rang$ ord]ly on ! gr\nd1 & ! bridles collect$ & hung on bran*es ( trees4 ,! hungry animals soon disappe> 9 ! ?icket1 :]e !y are left to provide = !mselves4 ,! m51 :o mean:ile h be5 busy ) _! axes1 drag a l>*-tree or two to ! place ( encampm5t4 ,! small] bran*es are lopp$ (f & collect$ to s]ve z b$s or seats ^u ! sn[1 :ile ! res9\s wood ( ! l>g] trunks is soon k9dl$ into a lively fire4 ,! kettle1 fill$ ) sn[1 is susp5d$ f a /rong =k$ bran* plac$ obliquely 9 ! gr\nd ov] ! fire1 & 9 a few m9utes ! tea is ready--= ! ,tungusi proce$ e ev5+ accord+ to ! same me?od1 & are consequ5tly z exp]t z long & inv>iable practice c make !m4 ,com=tably seat$ on 8 re9de] saddle1 ! travell] may n[ amuse himself ) ! dances1 :i* ! ,tungusi accompany ) an agreeable song2 or if he *oose to witness _! agility 9 a?letic ex]cises1 x only co/s him a ^w ( enc\ragem5t1 & a small donation ( br&y4 ,two ( ! ,tungusi hold a rope1 & sw+ x ) all _! might1 s t x does n t\* ! gr\nd4 ,mean:ile a ?ird ,tunguse skips ov] ! rope1 picks up a b[ & arr[1 spans ! b[ & %oots ! arr[1 )\t once t\*+ ! rope4 ,"s p>ticul>ly bold & exp]t ,tungusi w dance ov] a sword :i* a p]son ly+ on 8 back on ! gr\nd is sw++ ab\t ) ! greate/ rapidity4 ,%\ld our travell] be a fri5d ( *ess1 ! ,tungusi are equally at 8 s]vice1 z !y are passionately fond ( ?is noble/ ( games1 especially 9 ! ,kolymsk di/rict4 ,l all o!r ,sib]ian nomads1 !y visit at lea/ once a ye> ! v>i\s fairs :i* are held 9 ! small t[ns scatt]$ "h & !re ov] _! imm5se t]ritory--su* z ,kir5sk1 ,olekm9sk1 ,b>gus91 ,ts*ita1 & ,o*otsk1 :i*1 be=e ! op5+ ( ! ,amoor to trade1 0 ! *ief port ( ,ea/ ,sib]ia4 ,o*otsk is "o ( ! dre>ie/ places imag9able2 at lea/ no travell] :o ev] visit$ x has a ^w to say 9 its favor4 ,n a s+le tree gr[s = miles & miles ar\nd1 & ! wret*$ huts ( :i* ! t[n is compos$ lie 9 ! mid/ ( a swamp1 :i* 9 summ] is a fruitful s\rce ( mal>ia & pe/il5ce4 ,! ,riv] ,o*ota1 at ^: m\? ,o*otsk is situat$1 does n break up be=e ! end ( ,may1 & ! ice-masses cont9ue to pass ! t[n till ! #ae? or #bj? ( ,june4 ,soon aft] beg9s ! mo/ unpleasant "t ( all ! ye>1 or 8buss0 ( ! ,sib]ians1 *>act]iz$ by ?ick fog & a p]petual drizzl+ ra94 ,! wea!r cle>s up 9 ,july1 b z e>ly z ,augu/ ! night-fro/s cov] ! e>? ) rime4 ,salmon1 ( :i* no less ?an f\rte5 diff]5t species live 9 ! ,sea ( ,o*otsk1 are ! only food :i* ! neighborhood af=ds2 all o!r necess>ies ( life come f ,jakutsk1 & are ( c\rse enorm\sly de>4 ,meat appe>s only f "t to "t on ! tables ( ! weal?i] m]*ants1 & bread is an article ( luxury4 ,no wond] t ! scurvy ravages e w9t] a place s ill-provision$1 & t at ! "t :5 ! fir/ c>avan ( pack-horses is expect$ to cross ! ,aldan ,m\nta9s1 ! p ( ,o*otsk1 unable to re/ra9 _! impati5ce1 g out a long way to meet x4 ,z ! =m] trade ( ! place has n[ no d\bt be5 transf]r$ to ! settlem5ts on ! ,amoor1 x may well be suppos$ t ,o*otsk has lo/ mo/ ( its =m] inhabitants1 :o c only be congratulat$ on _! *ange ( resid5ce4 ,illu/ration3 #hi4 ,,b]+',s ,,monum5t ,,at ,,petropaulovsk4 ,,*apt] ,,xxii4 ,,george ,,william ,,/ell]4 ,8 ,bir?4--,ent]s ! ,russian ,s]vice4--,sci5tific ,j\rney to ,kam*atka4--,accompanies ,b]+ on 8 second ,voyage ( ,discov]y4--,l&s on ! ,isl& ( ,kaiak4--,%ameful ,conduct ( ,b]+4--,%ipwreck on ,b]+ ,isl&4--,b]+'s ,dea?4--,return to ,kam*atka4--,loss ( ,prop]ty4--,p]secutions ( ! ,sib]ian ,au?orities4--,froz5 to ,dea? at ,tjum54 ,george ,william ,/ell]1 "o ( ! mo/ di/+ui%$ naturali/s ( ! pa/ c5tury1 0 born at ,w9%eim1 a small t[n 9 ,franconia1 9 ! ye> #agji4 ,aft] complet+ 8 /udies at ! univ]sities ( ,witt5b]g & ,halle1 he turn$ 8 ?\ghts to ,russia1 :i*1 s9ce ! re=ms ( ,cz> ,pet] ! ,great1 & ! protection :i* t mon>* & 8 successors af=d$ to ,g]man le>n+1 _h become ! l& ( promise = all adv5tur\s spirits4 ,hav+ be5 appo9t$ surgeon 9 ! ,russian army1 :i* at t "t 0 besieg+ ,danzig1 he w5t ) a transport ( w\nd$ soldi]s1 aft] ! surr5d] ( t t[n1 to ,/4 ,pet]sburg1 :]e he arriv$ 9 #agcd4 ,"h 8 tal5ts 7 soon appreciat$2 aft] a few ye>s he 0 nam$ a memb] ( ! ,imp]ial ,academy ( ,sci5ces1 & s5t by ,gov]nm5t1 9 #agch1 to exam9e ! natural productions ( ,kam*atka4 ,! ability & zeal ) :i* he fulfill$ ?is mission is prov$ by ! valuable collections :i* he s5t to ! ,academy1 & by 8 num]\s memoirs1 :i* are /ill read ) int]e/ 9 ! pres5t day4 ,9 #agda he accompani$ ,b]+ on 8 second voyage ( discov]y1 ! object ( :i* 0 to det]m9e ! di/ance ( ,am]ica f ,kam*atka1 & to asc]ta9 ! sep>ation or ! junction ( bo? cont95ts 9 a high] latitude--a "q :i* 8 fir/ voyage _h left undecid$4 ,no?+ c\ld be m agreeable to a man l ,/ell]1 ?an ! prospects held out to him by an exp$ition to unkn[n regions2 & we c easily imag9e ! delight ) :i* ! naturali/ emb>k$ on bo>d ( ! 8,sa9t ,pet]10 comm&$ by ,b]+ 9 p]son4 ,accompani$ by ! 8,sa9t ,paul10 "u ,ts*irig[1 !y sail$ on ,june #d f ! ,bay ( ,avats*a4 ,! exp$ition _h co/ t5 ye>s ( prep>ation1 & br\ght mis]y & ru9 ^u _m ( ! wild ,sib]ian tribes1 = all t 0 necess>y = ! outfit _h to be convey$ by compulsory labor f ! int]ior ( ! cont95t ov] m\nta9s & riv]s1 ?r\gh d5se =e/s & pa?less wilds1 & x seem$ f ! v beg9n+ ( ! voyage z if ! curses ( ! un=tunate natives clung to x4 ,mu* valuable "t _h be5 lo/1 = ! %ips ought to h sail$ at lea/ a mon? e>li]1 & ,b]+1 :o f illness con/antly kept to 8 cab91 0 by no means a fit comm&] = a sci5tific exp$ition4 ,aft] a few days a d5se fog sep>at$ ! vessels1 :i* 7 nev] to meet aga92 & z ! 8,/4 ,pet]0 held h] c\rse too mu* to ! s\?1 ! ,aleutic *a9 rema9$ undiscov]$1 & ! fir/ l& 0 only sight$ aft] f\r weeks 9 ! neighborhood ( ,b]+'s ,bay4 ,dur+ ! :ole ( ?is passage ,/ell] _h to endure all ! vexations :i* arrogant /upidity c\ld inflict ^u a man anxi\s to d 8 duty4 ,x 0 9 va9 t he repeat$ly po9t$ out ! signs :i* indicat$ ! pres5ce ( l& n f> to ! nor?1 9 va9 t he entreat$ ! comm&] to /e] b "o day 9 t direction4 ,at la/1 on ,july #ae1 ! high m\nta9s ( ,am]ica 7 se5 to rise above ! horizon1 & ! vessel an*or$ on ! #ai? ne> to ! small isl& ( ,kaiak4 ,on ! foll[+ day a boat 0 s5t out to fet* "s fre% wat]1 b x 0 ) ! utmo/ difficulty t ,/ell] c\ld obta9 p]mission to jo9 ! p>ty4 ,all assi/ance 0 ob/9ately d5i$ him1 & accompani$ by 8 only s]vant1 a ,cossack1 he l&$ on ! unkn[n %ore1 eag] to make ! mo/ ( ! %ort "t allott$ him = 8 rese>*es4 ,he imm$iately direct$ 8 /eps t[>ds ! int]ior1 & _h sc>cely walk$ a mile :5 he discov]$ ! holl[$ trunk ( a tree1 9 :i*1 a few h\rs be=e1 ! savages _h boil$ _! meat ) r$-hot /ones4 ,he also f\nd sev]al pots fill$ ) escul5t h]bs1 & a wood5 in/rum5t = mak+ fire1 l ^? :i* are us$ by ! inhabitants ( ,kam*atka4 ,h5ce he conjectur$ t ! aborig9es ( ?is "p ( ! ,am]ican coa/ mu/ be ( ! same orig9 z ! ,kam*atkans1 & t bo? c\ntries mu/ necess>ily approa* ea* o!r t[>ds ! nor?1 z ! inhabitants c\ld n possibly trav]se su* va/ ext5ts ( ocean 9 _! rudely-con/ruct$ boats4 ,pursu+ 8 way1 ,/ell] n[ came to a pa? :i* l$ into a d5se & %ady =e/4 ,be=e ent]+1 he /rictly =bade 8 ,cossack to act )\t comm&s1 9 case ( a ho/ile enc\nt]4 ,! ,cossack _h a gun1 ) a knife & hat*et2 ,/ell] himself only a ,jakut poni>d1 :i* he _h tak5 ) him to dig out plants or /ones4 ,aft] half an h\r's walk+1 !y came to a place /rewn ) grass4 ,?is 0 imm$iately remov$1 & a ro( or plat=m discov]$1 consi/+ ( /rips ( b>k laid ^u poles & cov]$ ) /ones4 ,?is plat=m op5$ into a cell> conta9+ a l>ge quantity ( smok$ fi%es1 & a few bundles ( ! inn] b>k ( ! l>* or fir tree1 :i*1 9 case ( necessity1 s]ves z food ?r\gh\t all ,sib]ia4 ,!re 7 also "s arr[s1 dy$ black & smoo!d1 ( a size f> sup]ior to ^? us$ 9 ,kam*atka4 ,aft] ,/ell]1 9 spite ( ! dang] ( be+ surpris$ by ! savages1 _h accurately exam9$ ! cont5ts ( ! cell>1 he s5t 8 ,cossack back aga9 to ! place :]e ! boatm5 7 wat]+4 ,he gave him specim5s ( ! v>i\s articles :i* he _h f\nd1 ord]+ him to take !m to ,capta9 ,b]+1 & to reque/ t two or ?ree m5 might be s5t to him = fur!r assi/ance4 ,9 ! mean "t1 ?\gh q alone1 he cont9u$ 8 inve/igations ( ! /range l&1 & hav+ rea*$ ! summit ( a hill1 he saw smoke ris+ f a =e/ at "s di/ance4 ,ov]joy$ at ! sight1 = he n[ c\ld hope to meet ) ! natives & to complete 8 k ( ! isl&1 he in/antly return$ to ! l&+-place ) all ! eag]ness ( a man :o has some?+ important to communicate2 & z ! boat 0 j ab\t to leave1 told ! sailors to in=m ! capta9 ( 8 discov]y1 & to beg t ! small p9nace1 ) a deta*m5t ( arm$ m51 might be s5t out to him4 ,mean:ile1 exhau/$ ) fatigue1 he sat d[n on ! bea*1 :]e he describ$ 9 8 pocket-book "s ( ! m delicate plants he _h collect$1 :i* he fe>$ might spe$ily )]1 & regal$ himself ) ! excell5t wat]4 ,aft] wait+ = ab\t an h\r1 he at l5g? receiv$ an answ] f ,b]+1 tell+ him to return imm$iately on bo>d1 unless he *ose to be left beh9d2 & we c easily imag9e ! indignation ( ! disappo9t$ naturali/ at ?is %ameful comm&4 ,on ! morn+ ( ,july #ba1 ,b]+1 contr>y to 8 cu/om1 appe>$ on deck1 ord]$ ! an*ors to be weigh$1 & gave directions to sail back aga9 on ! same c\rse4 ,! cont95t he _h discov]$ 0 n ev5 honor$ ) a s+le visit1 s t ,/ell] c\ld n help tell+ ! ,russians !y _h m]ely come ?us f> = ! purpose ( c>ry+ ,am]ican wat] to ,asia4 ,any consci5ti\s comm&] w\ld h cont9u$ to sail along ! unkn[n %ore1 or1 consid]+ t ! season 0 already f> advanc$1 w\ld h det]m9$ to w9t] !re1 & to pursue 8 discov]ies next spr+2 b1 un=tunately = ,b]+ & 8 companions1 ! c\rse he adopt$ prov$ z disa/r\s z x 0 di%onorable4 ,?ree mon?s long ! %ip 0 toss$ ab\t by contr>y w9ds & /orms2 ! isl&s ( ! ,aleutic *a91 ?\gh frequ5tly se5 ?r\gh ! mi/s1 7 b seldom visit$2 ! scurvy broke out among ! dispirit$1 ill-f$ crew1 _! mis]y increas$ f day to day1 & _! joy may be imag9$ :5 at l5g?1 on ,novemb] #e1 a l& 0 se5 :i* !y firmly believ$ to be ,kam*atka--?\gh 9 reality x 0 m]ely ! des]t ( ,b]+'s ,isl&1 situat$ a hundr$ miles f t p59sula4 ,ev5 ^? :o 7 ne>ly half dead crept ^u deck to enjoy ! welcome sight2 e "o ?ank$ ,god1 & ! ignorant (fic]1 conv9c$ t !y 7 at ! entrance ( ! ,bay ( ,avats*a1 ev5 nam$ ! sev]al m\nta9s2 b _! mi/ake soon became app>5t :51 on r\nd+ a small promontory1 "s well-kn[n islets 7 miss$4 ,z !y _h no d\bt1 h[ev]1 t ! l& 0 really ,kam*atka1 & ! bad wea!r & ! small numb] ( h&s fit to d duty r5d]+ x difficult to rea* ! ,gulf ( ,avats*a1 x 0 resolv$ to run into ! bay t lay be=e !m1 & to s5d notice f !nce to ,ni%ne-,kam*atsk ( _! safe arrival4 ,/ell] 0 among ! fir/ to l&1 & probably ! v fir/ ( ! p>ty :o discov]$ ! mi/ake ( ! excell5t navigators to :om ! exp$ition _h be5 intru/$4 ,sea-ott]s came swimm+ to him f ! l&1 & he well knew t ^! mu*-p]secut$ animals _h long s9ce disappe>$ f ! coa/ ( ,kam*atka4 ,! numb] ( ,arctic foxes1 too1 :o %[$ no fe> at 8 approa*1 & ! sea-c[s gamboll+ 9 ! wat]1 7 sure signs t ! foot ( man _h n (t5 trodd5 ?is %ore4 ,/ell] 0 also ! fir/ to set ! good example ( mak+ ! be/ ( a bad situation1 in/ead ( uselessly bewail+ 8 mis=tunes4 ,he began to erect a hut = ! foll[+ w9t]1 & =m$ an association ) sev]al ( ! crew1 :o1 :atev] might await !m1 promis$ to /& by ea* o!r4 ,dur+ ! foll[+ days ! sick 7 gradually convey$ on %ore4 ,"s ( !m di$ on bo>d z soon z !y 7 br\ght into ! op5 air1 o!rs 9 ! boat1 o!rs z soon z !y 7 l&$4 8,on all sides10 says ,/ell]1 9 8 int]e/+ acc\nt ( ?is ill-fat$ voyage1 8no?+ 0 to be se5 b mis]y4 ,be=e ! dead c\ld be buri$1 !y 7 mangl$ by ! foxes1 :o ev5 v5tur$ to approa* ! helpless invalids :o 7 ly+ )\t cov] on ! bea*4 ,"s ( ^! wret*$ suff]]s bitt]ly compla9$ ( ! cold1 o!rs ( hung] & ?ir/--= _m _h _! gums s swoll5 & ulc]at$ ) ! scurvy z to be unable to eat40 8,on ,novemb] #ac10 cont9ues ! naturali/1 8,i w5t out hunt+ = ! fir/ "t ) ,messieurs ,pl5isn] & ,betge2 we kill$ f\r sea-ott]s1 & did n return be=e night4 ,we ate _! fle% ?ankfully1 & pray$ to ,god t ,he might cont9ue to provide u ) ?is excell5t food4 ,! co/ly sk9s1 on ! o!r h&1 7 ( no value 9 our eyes2 ! only objects :i* we n[ e/eem$ 7 knives1 ne$les1 ?read1 ropes1 etc41 on :i* be=e we _h n be/[$ a ?\ght4 ,we all saw t rank1 sci5ce1 & o!r social di/9ctions 7 n[ ( no avail1 & c\ld n 9 any way contribute to our pres]vation3 we !re=e resolv$1 be=e we 7 =c$ to d s by necessity1 to set to "w at once4 ,we introduc$ among u five a community ( goods1 & regulat$ our h\sekeep+ 9 su* a mann] z n to be 9 want be=e ! w9t] 0 ov]4 ,our ?ree ,cossacks 7 oblig$ to obey our ord]s1 :5 we _h decid$ ^u some?+ 9 common2 b we began to treat !m ) great] polit5ess1 call+ !m by _! names & surnames1 & we soon f\nd t ,pet] ,maxim[its* s]v$ u ) m alacrity ?an =m]ly ,petru*a 7a dim9utive ( ,pet]74 8,nov4 #ad4--,! :ole %ip's company 0 =m$ into ?ree p>ties4 ,! "o _h to convey ! sick & provisions f ! %ip2 ! second br\ght wood2 ! ?ird1 consi/+ ( a lame sailor & myself1 rema9$ at home--! =m] busy mak+ a sl$ge1 :ile ,i act$ z cook4 ,z our p>ty 0 ! fir/ to organize a h\sehold1 ,i also p]=m$ ! duty ( br++ w>m s\p to "s ( our sick1 until !y _h s f> recov]$ z to be able to help !mselves4 8,! b>racks be+ ?is day ready to receive ! sick1 _m ( !m 7 transport$ "u ro(2 b = want ( room1 !y lay ev]y:]e on ! gr\nd1 cov]$ ) rags & clo!s4 ,no "o c\ld assi/ ! o!r1 & no?+ 0 he>d b lam5tations & curses--! :ole af=d+ s wret*$ a sight1 z to make ev5 ! /\te/ he>t lose c\rage4 ,on ,novemb] #ae all ! sick 7 at l5g? l&$4 ,we took "o ( !m1 nam$ ,boris ,snd1 into our hut1 & by ,god's help he recov]$ )9 ?ree mon?s4 8,! foll[+ days add$ to our mis]y1 z ! mess5g]s we _h s5t out br\ght u ! intellig5ce t we 7 on a des]t isl&1 )\t any communication ) ,kam*atka4 ,we 7 also 9 con/ant fe> t ! /ormy wea!r might drive our %ip out to sea1 & along ) x all our provisions1 & e hope ( ev] return+ to our homes4 ,sometimes x 0 impossible to get to ! vessel = sev]al days toge!r1 s boi/]\s 0 ! surge2 & ab\t t5 or twelve m51 :o _h hi!rto be5 able to "w1 n[ also fell ill4 ,want1 nak$ness1 fro/1 ra91 illness1 impati5ce1 & despair1 7 our daily companions40 ,=tunately ! /ormy sea drove ! %ip ^u ! /r&1 bett] ?an x c\ld probably h be5 done by human ef=ts4 ,successively _m ( ! scorbutic pati5ts di$1 & on ,decemb] #h ! un=tunate comm&] ( ! exp$ition paid 8 debt to nature4 ,titus ,b]+1 by bir? a ,dane1 _h s]v$ ?irty-six ye>s ) di/9ction 9 ! ,russian navy1 b age & infirmities _h completely damp$ 8 en]gies1 & 8 dea? is a w>n+ to all :o ent] ^u und]tak+s above _! /r5g?4 ,9 ! mean "t ! :ole %ip's company _h e/abli%$ itself = ! w9t] 9 five subt]ranean dwell+s2 ! g5]al heal? 0 visibly improv+1 m]ely by means ( ! excell5t wat]1 & by ! fre% meat furni%$ by sea-ott]s1 seals1 & manatees2 & ! only c>e n[ 0 to ga9 suffici5t /r5g? to be able to und]take ! "w ( deliv]ance 9 spr+4 ,9 ,april ! %ipwreck$ m>9]s began to build a small] %ip out ( ! timb]s ( ! 8,/4 ,pet]10 &1 su* 0 ! alacrity ) :i* all h&s set to "w1 t on ,augu/ #ac !y 7 able to set out4 8,:5 we 7 all emb>k$10 says ,/ell]1 8we fir/ p]ceiv$ h[ mu* we %\ld be inconv5i5c$ = want ( room2 ! wat]-casks1 provisions1 & baggage tak+ up s mu* space1 t our =ty-two m5 7! ?ree %ip's (fic]s & myself 7 some:at bett] (f 9 ! cab97 c\ld h>dly creep betwe5 !m & ! deck4 ,a great quantity ( ! b$d+ & clo?+ _h to be ?r[n ov]bo>d4 ,mean:ile we saw ! foxes sport+ ab\t our des]t$ huts1 & gre$ily dev\r+ remnants ( fat & meat4 8,on ! #ad?1 9 ! morn+1 we weigh$ an*or1 & /e]$ out ( ! bay4 ,! wea!r be+ beautiful1 & ! w9d favorable1 we 7 all 9 good spirits1 &1 z we sail$ along ! isl&1 po9t$ out to ea* o!r ! well-kn[n m\nta9s & valleys :i* we _h frequ5tly visit$ 9 que/ ( game or = ! purpose ( reconnoitr+4 ,t[>ds ev5+ we 7 opposite ! f>!/ po9t ( ! isl&1 & on ! #ae?1 ! w9d cont9u+ favorable1 we /e]$ direct t[>ds ! ,bay ( ,avats*a4 ,ab\t midnight1 h[ev]1 we p]ceiv$1 to our great dismay1 t ! vessel began to fill ) wat] f an unkn[n leak1 :i*1 9 consequ5ce ( ! cr[d$ & ov]load$ /ate ( ! vessel1 x 0 extremely difficult to f9d out4 ,! pumps 7 soon *ok$ by ! %av+s left 9 ! hold1 & ! dang] rapidly increas$1 z ! w9d 0 /rong & ! vessel badly built4 ,! sails 7 imm$iately tak5 92 "s ( ! m5 remov$ ! baggage to look = ! leak1 o!rs kept cont9ually p\r+ out ! wat] ) kettles1 :ile o!rs aga9 ca/ all sup]flu\s articles ov]bo>d4 ,at l5g?1 aft] ! light5+ ( ! %ip1 ! c>p5t] succe$$ 9 /opp+ ! leak1 & ?us we 7 once m sav$ f imm95t dang]4444 ,on ! #ag? we sight$ ,kam*atka1 b z ! w9d 0 contr>y1 we did n ent] ! h>bor be=e ! ev5+ ( ! #bg?4 8,9 spite ( ! joy we all felt at our deliv]ance1 yet ! news we he>d on our arrival awak5$ 9 u a ho/ ( conflict+ emotions4 ,we _h be5 giv5 up = lo/1 & all our prop]ty _h pass$ into o!r h&s1 & be5 mo/ly c>ri$ away beyond hope ( recov]y4 ,h5ce joy & sorr[ alt]nat$ )9 a few mom5ts 9 our m9ds1 ?\gh we 7 all s accu/om$ to privation & mis]y1 z h>dly to feel ! ext5t ( our losses40 ,9 ! ye> #agdd ,/ell] 0 ord]$ to return to ,/4 ,pet]sburg2 b 8 c&or _h made him p[]ful enemies4 ,hav+ rea*$ ,novgorod1 & rejoic+ 9 ! idea ( once m mix+ ) ! civiliz$ _w1 he 0 sudd5ly ord]$ to appe> be=e ! imp]ial c\rt ( ju/ice at ,irkutsk1 on ! *>ge ( hav+ trea*]\sly sold p[d] to ! enemies ( ,russia4 ,?us oblig$ to return once m into ! dep?s ( ,sib]ia1 he 0 at l5g? dismiss$ by 8 judges1 aft] wait+ a :ole ye> = _! v]dict4 ,once m on 8 way to ,/4 ,pet]sburg1 he _h already rea*$ ,mosc[1 :5 he 0 aga9 summon$ to appe> )\t delay be=e ! c\rt ( ,irkutsk4 ,a j\rney to ,sib]ia is1 "u all circum/ances1 an ardu\s und]tak+2 :at1 !n1 mu/ h be5 ,/ell]'s feel+s :51 in/ead ( enjoy+ ! repose he _h s well m]it$1 he saw himself oblig$ to retrace 8 /eps = ! f\r? "t1 = ! purpose ( v9dicat+ 8 conduct be=e a rascally tribunal8 ,on a v cold day 8 ,cossack gu>ds /opp$ to refre% !mselves ) "s br&y at an inn by ! road-side1 & ,/ell]1 :o rema9$ 9 ! sl$ge wait+ = _! return1 fell asleep1 & 0 froz5 to dea?4 ,he lies buri$ ne> ! t[n ( ,tjum51 & no monum5t apprises ! naturali/1 :om ! love ( k may lead into ! ,sib]ian wilds1 t 8 un=tunate pr$ecessor 0 ?us basely requit$ aft] ye>s ( ex]tion 9 ! int]e/s ( sci5ce4 ,illu/ration3 #ij4 ,,*ur* ,,at ,,petropavlosk4 ,,*apt] ,,xxiii4 ,,kam*atka4 ,climate4--,f]tility4--,luxuriant ,vegetation4--,fi%4--,sea-birds4-- ,kam*atkan ,bird-cat*]s4--,! ,bay ( ,avats*a4--,petropavlosk4-- ,! ,kam*atkans4--,_! physical & moral ,qualities4--,! ,fritill>ia ,s>rana4--,! ,mu*amor4--,be>s4--,dogs4 ,! p59sula ( ,kam*atka1 ?\gh numb]+ no m ?an #fjjj or #gjjj inhabitants1 on a surface equall+ ,great ,brita9 9 ext5t1 has s _m natural res\rces t x c\ld easily ma9ta9 a f> great] numb]4 ,! climate is mu* m temp]ate & uni=m ?an t ( ! int]ior ( ,sib]ia1 be+ nei!r s excessively cold 9 w9t]1 nor s int5sely hot 9 summ]2 & ?\gh ! late & e>ly night-fro/s1 ) ! frequ5t fogs & ra9s1 prev5t ! cultivation ( corn1 ! humid air produces a v luxuriant h]bace\s vegetation4 ,n only along ! banks ( ! riv]s & lakes1 b 9 ! =e/ glades1 ! grass gr[s to a height ( m ?an twelve feet1 & _m ( ! ,composit & ,umbellif] atta9 a size s colossal t ! ,h]aclium dulce & ! ,s5ecio cannabifolius n seldom ov]top ! rid] on horseback4 ,! pa/ure-gr\nds are s excell5t t ! grass c g5]ally be cut ?rice dur+ ! %ort summ]1 & ?us a comp>atively small ext5t ( l& af=ds ! w9t] supply = all ! cattle ( a hamlet4 ,?\gh ! cold w9ds prev5t ! gr[? ( trees along ! coa/1 ! m inl& m\nta9 slopes & valleys are clo!d ) woods ri*ly /ock$ ) sables & squirrels4 ,no c\ntry 9 ! _w has a great] abundance ( excell5t fi%]ies4 ,9 spr+ ! salmon asc5d ! riv]s 9 su* amaz+ numb]s1 t on plung+ a d>t into ! /ream "o is almo/ sure to /rike a fi%2 & ,/ell] affirms t ! be>s & dogs ( ,kam*atka cat* on ! banks m fi% ) _! paws & m\?s ?an man 9 o!r c\ntries1 ) all 8 cunn+ devices ( net or angle4 ,z ! v>i\s birds ( passage d n all w&] at ! same "t to ! nor?1 s also ! v>i\s k9ds ( fi%es migrate1 "s soon]1 o!rs lat]1 & consequ5tly pr(usion reigns dur+ ! :ole ( ! summ]4 ,ermann 0 a/oni%$ at ?is incalculable abundance ( ! ,kam*atkan riv]s1 = 9 "o ( !m1 :5 ! wat] 0 only six in*es deep1 he saw multitudes ( ,*aekos 7,slagocephalus7 z long z 8 arm p>tly /r&$ on ! banks1 p>tly /ill endeavor+ to asc5d ! %all[ /ream4 ,z ! wat]s conta9 su* an incr$ible multitude ( fi%es1 we c n wond] t ! rocky coa/s ( ! p59sula sw>m ) sea-f[l1 ^: bre$+ & roo/+ places are z d5sely peopl$ z any o!rs 9 ! _w4 ,at ! entrance ( ! ,avats*a ,bay lies a rem>kable labyr9? ( rocks1 sep>at$ f ea* o!r by n>r[ *annels ( wat]1 l ! intricate /reets ( an old-fa%ion$ city4 ,! flood has ev]y:]e scoop$ out picturesque cavities & passages 9 ^! /up5d\s masses ( /one1 & ! slighte/ w9d causes ! waves to beat ) t]rific viol5ce aga9/ _! feet4 ,e l$ge1 plat=m1 & projection1 e ni*e1 holl[1 & crevice is peopl$ ) sea-birds ( /range & v>i\s =ms4 ,9 ! capture ( ^! birds ! ,kam*atkans display an intrepidity equal to t ( ! isl&]s ( ,/4 ,kilda or ,f]oe1 & tru/ solely to _! a/oni%+ agility 9 climb+4 ,b>efoot$1 )\t ropes or any o!r assi/ance1 !y v5ture d[n ! /eepe/ declivities1 :i* are frequ5tly only accessible f ! top1 z ! foam+ break]s cut (f all access f bel[4 ,! left arm clasps a basket1 :i* !y fill ) eggs z !y advance1 :ile ! "r h& grasps a %ort /ick ) an iron hook to drag ! birds f ! crevices ( ! rock4 ,:5 a bird is caught1 a dext]\s grip wr+s its neck1 & x is !n atta*$ to ! girdle ( ! f[l]4 ,9 ?is mann] an exp]t climb] w kill 9 "o day f sev5ty to eighty birds1 & ga!r above a hundr$ eggs4 ,?us ! population ( ,kam*atka is q out ( proportion to ! ri*es ( its pa/ures & wat]s4 ,its scanty inhabitants are moreov] conc5trat$ on a few spots along ! *ief riv]s & bays1 s t almo/ ! :ole p59sula is no?+ b an un9habit$ wild]ness4 ,be=e ! conque/ ( ! c\ntry by ! ,russians x _h at lea/ tw5ty times its pres5t population1 b ! cruelty ( ! ,cossacks & ! ravages ( ! small-pox caus$ x to melt away almo/ z rapidly z t ( ,cuba or ,hayti aft] ! arrival ( ! ,spani>ds4 ,at t "t ! sable & ! sea-ott] 7 consid]$ ( f> great] importance ?an man2 & un=tunately ,russia has too _m des]ts to p1 be=e %e c ?9k ( repair+ pa/ errors & sp>+ inhabitants = ?is remote/ corn] ( h] va/ ,asiatic empire4 ,z ! p59sula is too di/ant f ! highways ( ! _w to attract ! tide ( emigration1 x is also seldom visit$ by travell]s4 ,! few /rang]s1 h[ev]1 :o h sail$ along ! coa/s1 or made excursions into ! int]ior ( ! c\ntry1 speak ) en?usiasm ( ! boldness ( its rocky promontories1 ! magnific5ce ( its bays & m\nta9s1 & only regret t dur+ ! great] "p ( ! ye> an ,arctic w9t] veils ! beauties ( ! l&scape "u mi/s & sn[4 ,?r\gh\t its :ole l5g? ,kam*atka is trav]s$ by an ,alp9e *a9 ris+ 9 "s ( its peaks to a height ( #ad1jjj or #af1ejj feet1 & numb]+ no less ?an #bh active volcanoes along ) _m o!rs ^: fires are ext9ct4 ,a l& ?us und]m9$ ) subt]ranean fires mu/ be possess$ ( _m m9]al ri*es1 b z yet no "o has ev] ?\ght ( seek+ = !m or putt+ !m to use4 ,ow+ to ! great humidity ( ! climate & ! quantities ( ra9 attract$ by ! m\nta9s1 ,kam*atka ab\nds 9 spr+s4 ,9 ! l[l&s !y gu% =? 9 su* numb]s z to r5d] x v difficult to travel any di/ance on foot or horseback1 ev5 9 w9t]1 z !y prev5t ! riv]s f freez+4 ,no d\bt _m a m9]al spr+-- cold1 tepid1 or w>m--t w\ld make ! =tune ( a ,g]man spa1 "h fl[s unnotic$ into ! sea4 ,kam*atka has _m excell5t h>bors1 & ! magnific5t ,bay ( ,avats*a w\ld alone be able to af=d room to all ! navies ( ! _w4 ,its /eep rocky %ores are almo/ ev]y:]e clo!d ) a species ( bee* 7,betula ,ermanni71 int]m+l$ ) luxuriant grasses & h]bs1 & ! high] slopes are g5]ally cov]$ ) a d5se und]wood ( ev]gre5s & %rubs ( decidu\s foliage1 ^: *anges ( color 9 autumn t+e ! l&scape ) yell[1 r$1 & br[n t9ts4 ,b ! *ief beauty ( ! ,bay ( ,avats*a is ! prospect ( ! di/ant m\nta9s1 =m+ a spl5did panorama ( fanta/ic peaks & volcanic cones1 among :i* ! ,/relo%naja ,sopka t[]s pre-em95t to ! height ( #ad1jjj feet4 ,close to ?is giant1 b some:at ne>] to ! coa/1 rises ! active volcano ( ,avats*a1 :i* frequ5tly cov]s ! :ole c\ntry ) a%es4 ,! va/ ,bay ( ,avats*a =ms sev]al m9or creeks3 among o!rs ! hav5 ( ,/4 ,pet] & ,paul1 "o ( ! f9e/ natural h>bors 9 ! _w1 :]e ! ,russians h e/abli%$ ! seat ( _! gov]nm5t 9 ! small t[n ( ,petropavlosk1 :i* h>dly numb]s #ejj inhabitants1 b has acquir$ "s celebrity f ! unsuccessful attack ( ! ,engli% & ,fr5* =ces 9 #ahed4 ,mr4 ,knox ?us describes ,petropavlosk3 8,to make a c\nt]feit ,petropavlosk1 take a log village 9 ! backwoods ( a we/]n /ate 9 ,am]ica1 & place x ne> a little h>bor1 :]e ! gr\nd slopes g5tly to ! wat]4 ,arrange mo/ ( ! h\ses along a s+le unpav$ /reet1 & drop ! re/ 9 a higgl$y-piggl$y fa%ion on ! slop+ hillside4 ,all build+s mu/ be b "o /ory high1 & ^? ( ! poor] sort ?at*$ ) grass4 ,! bett] class may h iron or bo>d ro(s pa9t$ = pres]vation4 ,! h\ses ( ! (ficials & ! =eign m]*ants may be commodi\s1 & built ( hewn timb]1 b ! doors ( all mu/ be l[1 & heavily con/ruct$1 to exclude ! w9t] cold4 ,e dwell+ mu/ conta9 a brick /ove t pres5ts a side to ea* ( two or ?ree rooms4 ,9 w9t] ?is /ove w ma9ta9 a temp]ature ( ab\t #fh degrees 9 all ! rooms x is int5d$ to w>m40 ,illu/ration3 #ia4 ,,petropavlosk4 ,besides "s ,jakut immigrants1 ! *ief /ock ( ! scanty population ( ! c\ntry consi/s ( ! desc5dants ( ! primitive ,kam*atkans1 :o1 9 spite ( frequ5t int]m>riages ) _! conqu]ors ! ,cossacks1 h /ill reta9$ _m ( _! anci5t mann]s4 ,!y are ( a small /ature1 b broad-%\ld]$1 _! *eek-bones are prom95t1 _! jaws uncommonly broad & project+1 _! noses small1 _! lips v full1 _! hair black4 ,! color ( ! m5 is d>k br[n1 or sometimes yell[2 ! wom5 h fair] complexions1 :i* !y endeavor to pres]ve by means ( be>s' guts1 /uck ^u _! faces 9 spr+ ) fre% lime1 s z n to be burn$ by ! sun4 ,!y also pa9t _! *eeks ) a sea-we$1 :i*1 :5 rubb$ ^u !m ) fat1 gives !m a beautiful r$ color4 ,! ,kam*atkans are a rem>kably heal?y race4 ,_m ( !m atta9 an age ( sev5ty or eighty ye>s1 & are able to walk & to "w until _! dea?4 ,_! hair seldom turns gray be=e _! sixtie? ye>1 & ev5 ! olde/ m5 h a firm & ela/ic /ep4 ,! weight ( _! body is great] ?an t ( ! ,jakuts1 ?\gh ! latt] live on milk & fle%1 :ile fi% is ! almo/ exclusive food ( ! ,kam*atkans4 ,! r\nd tub]cles ( ! ,fritill>ia s>rana1 a species ( lily ) a d>k purple fl[]1 likewise play an important "p 9 _! diet1 & s]ve !m in/ead ( bread & meal4 8,if ! fruits ( ! bread-fruit tree10 says ,kittlitz--:o has se5 bo? plants 9 ! places ( _! gr[?--8are pre-em95t among all o!rs1 z af=d+ man a p]fect sub/itute = bread1 ! roots ( ! ,s>rana1 :i* are v simil> 9 ta/e1 rank p]haps imm$iately aft] !m4 ,! collect+ ( ^! tub]s 9 ! mead[s is an important summ] occupation ( ! wom51 & "o :i* is r tr\blesome1 z ! plant nev] gr[s greg>i\sly1 s t ea* root has to be s\ght & dug out sep>ately ) a knife4 ,=tunately ! wond]ful activity ( ! ,sib]ian field-vole facilitates ! labor ( ga!r+ ! tub]s4 ,^! rem>kable animals burr[ ext5sive w9t] ne/s1 ) five or six /ore-h\ses1 :i* !y fill ) v>i\s roots1 b *iefly ) ^? ( ! ,s>rana4 ,to f9d ^! subt]ranean treasures1 ! ,kam*atkans use /icks ) iron po9ts1 :i* !y /rike into ! e>?4 ,! cont5ts ( ?ree ( ^! ne/s are z mu* z a man c c>ry on 8 back4 ,a species ( fungus1 call$ mu*amor1 af=ds a favorite /imulant4 ,x is dri$ & eat5 raw4 ,besides its exhil>at+ effects1 x is said to produce1 l ! ,p]uvian ,coca1 a rem>kable increase ( /r5g?1 :i* la/s = a consid]able "t4 ,fi%+ & hunt+ supply all ! wants ( ! ,kam*atkans1 = !y h n yet le>n$ to pr(it 9 any degree wor? m5tion+ by ! luxuriance ( _! mead[-l&s4 ,!y pay _! taxes & pur*ase _! =eign luxuries--meal & tea1 tobacco & br&y--) furs4 ,! *ase ( ! co/ly sea-ott] 7:i* f excessive p]secution _h at "o "t almo/ become ext9ct7 has latt]ly improv$4 ,besides ! fur animals1 !y also hunt ! re9de]1 ! argali1 ! wolf1 & ! be>1 ^: sk9s supply !m ) clo?+4 ,be>s ab\nd 9 ,kam*atka1 z !y f9d a nev]-fail+ supply ( fi%es & b]ries1 & ,ermann assures u t !y w\ld long s9ce h extirpat$ ! inhabitants1 if 7mo/ probably on acc\nt ( ! pl5ty 9 :i* !y live7 !y 7 n ( a m g5tle disposition ?an any o!rs 9 ! _w4 ,9 spr+ !y desc5d f ! m\nta9s to ! m\?s ( ! riv]s1 to levy _! tribute on ! migratory troops ( ! fi%es1 frequ5tly eat+ only ! heads4 ,t[>d autumn !y foll[ ! fi%es into ! int]ior ( ! c\ntry z !y asc5d ! /reams4 ,illu/ration3 #ib4 ,,dogs ,,fi%+4 ,! mo/ valuable dome/ic animal 9 ,kam*atka is ! dog1 :o has ! usual *>act]s ( ! ,esquimaux race4 ,he lives exclusively on fi%1 :i* he cat*es v dext]\sly4 ,f spr+ to autumn he is all[$ to roam at lib]ty1 no "o tr\bl+ himself ab\t him2 b 9 ,octob]1 e proprietor collects 8 dogs1 b9ds !m to a po/1 & lets !m fa/ = a "t1 s z to deprive !m ( _! sup]flu\s fat1 & to r5d] !m m fit = runn+4 ,dur+ ! w9t] !y are f$ ) dri$ fi% e morn+ & ev5+1 b :ile travell+ !y get no?+ to eat1 ev5 ?\gh !y run = h\rs4 ,_! /r5g? is wond]ful4 ,g5]ally no m ?an five ( !m are h>ness$ to a sl$ge1 & w drag ) ease ?ree full-gr[n p]sons1 & sixty p\nds' weight ( luggage4 ,:5 lightly lad51 su* a sl$ge w travel f #cj to #dj v]/s 9 a day ov] bad roads & ?r\gh ! deep sn[2 on ev5 roads1 f #hj to #adj4 ,! horse c nev] be us$ = sl$g+1 on acc\nt ( ! deep sn[1 into :i* x w\ld s9k1 & ( ! num]\s riv]s & s\rces1 :i* are ei!r nev] froz51 or m]ely cov]$ ) a ?9 %eet ( ice1 unable to be> ! weight ( s l>ge an animal4 ,illu/ration3 #ic4 ,,dog-,,team4 ,travell+ ) dogs is1 h[ev]1 bo? dang]\s & difficult4 ,in/ead ( ! :ip1 ! ,kam*atkans use a crook$ /ick ) iron r+s1 :i*1 by _! j+l+1 give ! lead] ( ! team ! necess>y signals4 ,:5 ! dogs d n suffici5tly ex]t !mselves1 ! /ick is ca/ among !m to r\se !m to great] spe$2 b !n ! travell] mu/ be dext]\s en\gh to pick x up aga9 :ile ! sl$ge %oots along4 ,dur+ a sn[-/orm ! dogs keep _! ma/] w>m1 & w lie quietly ne> him = h\rs1 s t he has m]ely to prev5t ! sn[ f cov]+ him too deeply & suffocat+ him4 ,! dogs are also excell5t wea!r prophets1 = :51 :ile re/+1 !y dig holes 9 ! sn[1 a /orm may ) c]ta9ty be expect$4 ,illu/ration3 #id4 ,,dogs ,,t[+ ,,boats4 ,! sl$ge-dogs are tra9$ to _! future s]vice at a v e>ly p]iod4 ,soon aft] bir? !y are plac$ ) _! "m 9 a deep pit1 s z to see nei!r man nor bea/1 &1 aft] hav+ be5 wean$1 !y are aga9 condemn$ to solit>y conf9em5t 9 a pit4 ,aft] six mon?s !y are atta*$ to a sl$ge ) o!r old] dogs1 &1 be+ extremely %y1 !y run z fa/ z !y c4 ,on return+ home1 !y are aga9 conf9$ 9 _! pit1 :]e !y rema9 until !y are p]fectly tra9$1 & able to p]=m a long j\rney4 ,!n1 b n be=e1 !y are all[$ _! summ] lib]ty4 ,?is sev]e education completely s\rs _! temp]1 & !y con/antly rema9 gloomy1 %y1 qu>relsome1 & suspici\s4 ,to return to ! ,kam*atkans3 travell]s praise _! good-nature1 _! hospitality1 & _! natural wit4 ,( a sangu9e disposition1 !y are happy & cont5t 9 _! pov]ty1 & h no c>es = ! morr[4 ,be+ extremely indol5t1 !y nev] "w unless :5 compell$4 ,!y readily adopt /range mann]s1 & no d\bt education might produce valuable results 9 s pliable & %>p-witt$ a race4 ,un=tunately ! ,russians & ,cossacks :o h settl$ among !m d n af=d !m ! be/ examples4 ,!y h long s9ce be5 conv]t$ to ! ,greek ,*ur*1 b x is suppos$ t baptism has n fully effac$ all traces ( ,%amanism4 ,=m]ly !y _h _m gods1 ! *ief ( :om 0 ,kutka1 ! creator ( heav5 & e>?4 ,b f> f honor+ ,kutka1 !y cont9ually ridicul$ him1 & made him ! con/ant butt ( _! satire4 ,kutka1 h[ev]1 _h a wife1 ,*a*y1 :o 0 end[$ ) all ! intellig5ce 9 :i* h] sp\se 0 suppos$ to be defici5t1 & :o1 z is ! case 9 _m mortal h\sekeep+s1 0 con/antly ex]t+ h] +5uity 9 repair+ ! blund]s ( h] "l & ma/]4 ,illu/ration3 #ie4 ,,frame-,,"w ,,( ,,t*ukt*i ,,h\se4 ,,*apt] ,,xxiv4 ,,! ,,t*ukt*i4 ,! ,l& ( ! ,t*ukt*i4--,_! indep5d5t ,_s & comm]cial ,ent]prise4--,p]petual ,migrations4--,! ,fair ( ,o/r[noje4-- ,visit 9 a ,t*ukt* ,polog4--,races4--,t*ukt* ,bayad]es4--,! ,t5nygk1 or ,re9de] ,t*ukt*i4--,! ,onkilon1 or ,s$5t>y ,t*ukt*i4--,_! ,mode ( ,life4 ,at ! extreme nor?-ea/]n po9t ( ,asia1 b\nd$ by ! ,pol> ,ocean on "o side & ! ,sea ( ,b]+ on ! o!r1 lies ! l& ( ! ,t*ukt*i4 ,! few travell]s :o h ev] visit$ t bleak promontory describe x z "o ( ! dre>ie/ regions ( ! e>?4 ,! climate is dreadfully cold1 z may be expect$ 9 a c\ntry conf9$ betwe5 icy seas4 ,be=e ,july #bj? !re is no appe>ance ( summ]1 & w9t] already sets 9 ab\t ,augu/ #bj?4 ,! l[] gr\nds %elv+ to ! nor? are int]sect$ ) num]\s /reams1 :i*1 h[ev]1 enjoy _! lib]ty b a %ort "t ( ! ye>2 ! valleys are mo/ly swampy & fill$ ) small lakes or ponds2 :ile on ! bleak hill-slopes ! ,vacc9ium & ! dw>f bir* or will[ sp>+ly vegetate "u a c>pet ( mosses & li*5s4 ,! ea/]n1 nor?-ea/]n1 & p>tly also ! s\!rn coa/s ab\nd ) walruses1 sea-lions1 & seals1 :ile ! re9de]1 ! argali1 ! wolf1 & ! ,arctic fox occupy ! l&4 ,dur+ ! %ort summ]1 geese1 swans1 ducks1 & wad+-birds frequ5t ! m>%y gr\nds2 b 9 w9t] ! sn[-owl & ! rav5 alone rema91 & con/antly foll[ ! pa? ( ! nomadic inhabitants4 ,9 ?is desolate nook ( ! ,old ,_w lives ! only aborig9al p ( ,nor? ,asia :i* has kn[n h[ to ma9ta9 its lib]ty to ! pres5t day1 & :i*1 pr\d ( its indep5d5ce1 looks d[n ) sov]eign contempt ^u its relations1 ! ,korjaks1 :o1 )\t (f]+ any resi/ance1 h yield$ to ! au?ority ( ,russia4 ,! rul]s ( ,sib]ia h inde$ conf9$ ! ,t*ukt*i )9 n>r[ limits1 b "h at lea/ !y obey no =eign rul]1 & w&]1 unmole/$ by ! /rang]1 ) _! num]\s re9de] h]ds1 ov] ! nak$ tundras4 ,a natural di/ru/ ( _! p[]ful neighbors has r5d]$ !m long unwill+ to ent] into any comm]cial int]c\rse ) ! ,russians1 & to meet !m at ! fair ( ,o/r[noje1 a small t[n1 situat$ n f> f _! fronti]s1 on a small isl& ( ! ,aniuj1 9 #fh ,n4 lat4 ,illu/ration3 #if4 ,,t*ukt*i ,,canoe4 ,?is remote/ trad+-place ( ! ,old ,_w is n s unimportant z might be suppos$1 f ! /]ile nature ( ! c\ntry1 = ! ,t*ukt*i are n satisfi$1 l ! indol5t ,lapps or ,samoedes1 ) ! produce ( _! re9de] h]ds1 b /rive to increase _! enjoym5ts or _! prop]ty by an active trade4 ,f ! ,ea/ ,cape ( ,asia1 :]e1 cross+ ,b]+'s ,/raits 9 boats cov]$ ) sk9s1 !y b>t] furs & walrus-tee? f ! natives ( ,am]ica1 ! ,t*ukt*i come ) _! goods & t5ts drawn on sl$ges to ! fair ( ,o/r[noje4 ,o!r sl$ges lad5 ) li*5s1 ! food ( ! re9de]1 foll[ 9 _! tra91 z 9 _! w&]+s1 h[ev] circuit\s1 !y n seldom pass ?r\gh regions s /ony & des]t z n ev5 to af=d ^! frugal animals ! slighte/ repa/4 ,?us regulat+ _! movem5ts by ! wants ( _! h]ds1 !y require five or six mon?s = a j\rney :i*1 9 a direct l9e1 w\ld n be mu* long] ?an a ?\s& v]/s1 & are almo/ con/antly w&]+ f place to place1 ?\gh1 z !y always c>ry _! dwell+s along ) !m1 !y at ! same "t nev] leave home4 ,"o ( ^! snail-l c>avans g5]ally consi/s ( fifty or sixty families1 & "o fair is sc>cely at an end :5 !y set (f to make _! arrangem5ts = ! next4 ,tobacco is ! primum mobile ( ! trade :i* c5tres 9 ,o/r[noje4 ,_! pipes are ( a peculi> "*1 l>g] at ! /em ?an ! b[l1 :i* holds a v small quantity ( tobacco4 ,9 smok+1 !y swall[ ! fumes ( ! tobacco1 & (t51 aft] six or eight :iffs1 fall back completely intoxicat$ = ! "t4 ,! desire to procure a few ( its n>cotic leaves induces ! ,am]ican ,esquimaux1 f ! ,icy ,cape to ,bri/ol ,bay1 to s5d _! produce f h& to h& z f> z ! ,gwosdew ,isl&s 9 ,b]+'s ,/raits1 :]e x is b>t]$ = ! tobacco ( ! ,t*ukt*i1 & ^! aga9 pr9cipally resort to ! fair ( ,o/r[noje to pur*ase tobacco f ! ,russians4 ,g5]ally ! ,t*ukt*i receive f ! ,am]icans z _m sk9s = half a p\d1 or eighte5 p\nds1 ( tobacco-leaves z !y aft]w>ds sell to ! ,russians = two p\ds ( tobacco ( ! same quality4 ,^! co/ ! ,russian m]*ant ab\t #afj r\bles at ! v utmo/1 :ile ! sk9s :i* he obta9s 9 b>t] are wor? at lea/ #bfj at ,jakutsk1 & are m ?an d\ble t sum at ,/4 ,pet]sburg4 ,illu/ration3 #ig4 ,,t*ukt*i ,,pipe4 ,! furs ( ! ,t*ukt*i pr9cipally consi/ ( black & silv]-gray foxes1 /one-foxes1 gluttons1 lynxes1 ott]s1 beav]s1 & a f9e species ( m>t5 :i* does n occur 9 ,sib]ia1 & approa*es ! sable 9 value4 ,!y also br+ to ! fair be>-sk9s1 walrus-?ongs & tee?1 sl$ge-runn]s ( :ale-ribs1 & ready-made clo!s ( re9de] sk94 ,! ,am]ican furs are g5]ally pack$ 9 sacks ( seal sk91 :i* are made 9 an +5i\s mann] by extract+ ! bones & fle% ?r\gh a small op5+ made 9 ! abdom54 ,! ,russian trad]s on _! "p br+ to ! fair1 besides tobacco1 ironw>e--p>ticul>ly kettles & knives--= ! ,t*ukt*i1 & tea1 sug>1 & v>i\s /uffs = _! c\ntrym5 :o h settl$ along ! ,kolyma4 ,b ,o/r[noje attracts n only ,t*ukt*i & ,russians2 a great numb] ( ! ,sib]ian tribes f a va/ circuit ( #ajjj or #aejj v]/s--,jukahires1 ,lamutes1 ,tungusi1 ,ts*uwanzi1 ,koriaks--also come flock+ 9 _! sl$ges1 drawn p>tly by dogs1 p>tly by horses1 = ! purpose ( b>t]+ _! commodities aga9/ ! goods ( ! ,t*ukt*i4 ,fancy ?is b>b>\s assembly meet+ e ye> dur+ ! int5se cold & %ort days ( ! beg9n+ ( ,m>*4 ,picture to y\rself ! fanta/ic illum9ation ( _! r$ wat*-fires blaz+ "u ! />ry firmam5t1 or m+l+ _! ruddy gl>e ) ! ,aurora flick]+ ?r\gh ! skies1 & add to ! /range sight ! holl[ s\nd ( ! ,%aman's drum1 & ! h[l+ ( sev]al hundr$s ( hungry dogs1 & y w surely confess t no fair has a m orig9al "* ?an t ( ,o/r[noje4 ,a gov]nm5t commiss>y1 assi/$ by "s ,cossacks1 sup]9t5ds ! fair1 & receives ! inconsid]able m>ket-tax :i* ! ,t*ukt*i pay to ! ,emp]or4 ,all prelim9>ies hav+ be5 arrang$1 ! or?odox ,russians repair to ! *apel = ! purpose ( he>+ a solemn mass1 aft] :i*1 ! hoi/+ ( a flag on ! t[] ( ! o/rog ann\nces ! op5+ ( ! m>ket4 ,at ?is welcome sign1 ! ,t*ukt*i1 completely arm$ ) spe>s1 b[s1 & arr[s1 advance ) _! sl$ges1 & =m a wide semicircle r\nd ! =t1 :ile ! ,russians1 & ! o!r visitors ( ! fair1 rang$ opposite to !m1 await 9 brea?less sil5ce ! toll+ ( ! bell1 :i* is to beg9 ! active bus9ess ( ! day4 ,at ! v fir/ s\nd1 ea* trad]1 grotesquely lad5 ) packages ( tobacco1 kettles1 knives1 or :atev] else he supposes be/ able to supply "s want1 or to /rike "s fancy ( ! ,t*ukt*i1 ru%es z fa/ z he c t[>ds ! sl$ges1 & 9 ! jumble n seldom knocks d[n a competitor1 or is himself /ret*$ at full l5g? on ! sn[4 ,b1 unm9dful ( ! loss ( cap & gloves1 :i* he does n give himself "t to pick up1 he />ts afre%1 to make up = ! delay by r$\bl$ activity4 ,be=e he rea*es ! fir/ ,t*ukt*1 8 eloqu5ce breaks =? 9 an int]m9able fl[1 & 9 a /range j>gon ( ,russian1 ,t*ukt*1 & ,jakute1 he praises ! excell5ce ( 8 tobacco or ! solidity ( 8 kettles4 ,! imp]turbable gravity ( ! ,t*ukt* =ms a rem>kable contra/ ) ! gre$y eag]ness ( ! ,russian trad]2 )\t reply+ to 8 h>angue1 he m]ely %akes 8 head if ! o!r (f]s him too little = 8 goods1 & nev] = an in/ant loses 8 self-possession3 :ile ! ,russian1 9 8 hurry1 n seldom h&s ov] two p\ds ( tobacco = "o1 or pockets a r$ fox in/ead ( a black "o4 ,al?\gh ! ,t*ukt* h no scales ) !m1 x is n easy to deceive !m 9 ! weight1 = !y "k exactly by ! feel+ ( ! h& :e!r a qu>t] ( a p\nd is want+ to ! p\d4 ,! :ole fair seldom la/s long] ?an ?ree days1 & ,o/r[noje1 :i* mu/ h b v few /ation>y inhabitants inde$ 7z x is n ev5 m5tion$ 9 /ati/ical acc\nts1 :i* cite t[ns ( sev5te5 s\ls71 is soon aft] ab&on$ = _m mon?s to its ultra-,sib]ian solitude4 ,b be=e we all[ ! ,t*ukt*i to retire to _! des]ts1 we may le>n some?+ m ( _! habits by accompany+ ,mr4 ,matius*k9-- ,wrangell's companion--on a visit to ! ladies ( "o ( _! fir/ *iefs4 8,we ent] ! out] t5t1 or #8namet1' consi/+ ( tann$ re9de] sk9s support$ on a sl5d] frame-"w4 ,an op5+ at ! top to let out ! smoke1 & a kettle 9 ! c5tre1 ann\nce t ante*amb] & kit*5 are "h h>moni\sly bl5d$ into "o4 ,b :]e are ! inmates8 ,mo/ probably 9 t l>ge sack made ( ! f9e/ sk9s ( re9de] calves1 :i* occupies1 ne> ! kettle1 ! c5tre ( ! #8namet4' ,to p5etrate into ?is #8sanctum sanctorum' ( ! ,t*ukt* h\sehold1 we raise ! loose flap :i* s]ves z a door1 creep on all f\rs ?r\gh ! op5+1 cauti\sly re-fa/5 ! flap by tuck+ x "u ! floor-sk91 & f9d ourselves 9 ! reception or )draw+ room--! #8polog4' ,a snug box no d\bt = a cold climate1 b r l[1 z we c n /& upright 9 x1 & n q s well v5tilat$ z a sanit>y commission] w\ld approve (1 z x has positively no op5+ = light or air4 ,a suffocat+ smoke meets u on ent]+1 we rub our eyes1 & :5 !y h at l5g? got accu/om$ to ! bit+ atmosph]e1 we p]ceive1 by ! gloomy light ( a tra9-oil lamp1 ! wor?y family squatt+ on ! floor 9 a /ate ( almo/ complete nudity4 ,)\t be+ 9 ! lea/ emb>rass$1 ,madame ,lett & h] daught] receive u 9 _! primitive co/ume3 b to %[ u t ! ,t*ukt*i "k h[ to receive company1 & to d honor to _! gue/s1 !y imm$iately ins]t /r+s ( glass beads 9 _! greasy hair4 ,_! hospitality equals _! polit5ess2 =1 in/ead ( a cold reception1 a hot di% ( boil$ re9de]-fle%1 copi\sly irrigat$ ) rancid tra9-oil by ! exp]i5c$ h& ( ! mi/ress ( ! h\sehold1 is soon aft] smok+ be=e u4 ,un=tunately our effem9ate ta/e is n up to ! haut gt ( h] cul9>y art1 & :ile ,mr4 ,lett does ample ju/ice to ! arti/ic tal5t ( 8 sp\se1 by rapidly bolt+ d[n pieces z l>ge z a fi/1 we are h>dly able to swall[ a morsel40 ,dur+ 8 visit at ,o/r[noje1 ,matius*k9 _h a favorable opportunity ( becom+ acqua9t$ ) ! sports ( ! ,t*ukt*i1 ! *iefta91 ,makomol1 hav+ set out prizes = a race4 ,^! consi/$ ( a valuable silv] fox1 a fir/-rate beav] sk91 & two f9e walrus-tee?4 ,no?+ c be m admirable ?an ! fleetness ( ! re9de] or ! dext]ity ( _! driv]s2 & ! agility display$ 9 ! foot-race by ! ,t*ukt*i1 runn+ at full spe$1 9 _! heavy w9t] dresses1 ov] a di/ance ( fifte5 v]/s1 gives a high idea ( _! muscul> p[]s4 ,aft] ! races1 ! spectators are treat$ to a gr& *oregraphic display4 ,! ,arctic bayad]es1 muffl$ f head to foot 9 _! /iff sk9 g>m5ts1 =m a n>r[ circle1 sl[ly mov+ _! feet backw>d & =w>d1 & fi]cely ge/iculat+ ) _! h&s1 :il/ _! faces are di/ort$ into a ?\s& horrible grimaces4 ,! s++ t accompanies ! ballet has no d\bt its *>m = native e>s1 b to /rang]s x seems no bett] ?an a k9d ( grunt4 ,! repres5tation is clos$ by ?ree fir/-rate arti/es execut+ a p>ticul>ly favorite dance4 ,! faces ( _! c\ntrym5 express ! same int5se admiration ) :i* a ,european dilettante foll[s ! graceful pir\ettes ( a ,taglioni1 :ile ! ,russian gue/s see only ?ree greasy mon/]s alt]nately ru%+ t[>ds ea* o!r & />t+ back1 until at l5g? !y /op f %e] exhau/ion4 ,z a tok5 ( _! satisfaction1 ! ,russians regale ! fair p]=m]s ) a cup ( br&y & a roll ( tobacco1 & bo? p>ties take leave ( ea* o!r ) mutual prote/ations ( satisfaction & fri5d%ip4 ,?\gh mo/ ( ! ,re9de] or nomadic ,t*ukt*i h be5 baptiz$1 yet ,wrangell supposes ! c]emony to h be5 a m]e f9ancial speculation on _! "p1 & is conv9c$ t ! p[] ( ! ,%amans is /ill z great z ev]4 ,an epidemic _h c>ri$ (f a great numb] ( p]sons1 & also :ole h]ds ( re9de]4 ,9 va9 ! ,%amans _h rec\rse to _! usual conjurations1 ! plague cont9u$4 ,!y consult$ toge!r1 & direct$ t "o ( _! mo/ respect$ *iefs1 nam$ ,kots*51 mu/ be sacrific$1 to appease ! irritat$ spirits4 ,kots*5 0 will+ to submit to ! s5t5ce1 b none c\ld be f\nd to execute x1 until 8 own son1 prevail$ on by 8 fa!r's exhortations1 & t]rifi$ by 8 ?reat5$ curse1 plung$ a knife into 8 he>t1 & gave 8 body to ! ,%amans4 ,polygamy is g5]al among ! ,t*ukt*i1 & !y *ange _! wives z (t5 z !y please4 ,/ill1 ?\gh ! wom5 are c]ta9ly slaves1 !y are all[$ m influ5ce1 & are subject$ to less labor ?an among _m savages4 ,among o!r hea!ni% & dete/able cu/oms1 is t ( kill+ all de=m$ *ildr51 & all old p z soon z !y become unfit = ! h>d%ips & fatigues ( a nomad life4 ,two ye>s be=e ,wrangell's arrival at ,kolyma !re 0 an in/ance ( ?is 9 ! case ( "o ( _! ri*e/ *iefs4 ,waletka's fa!r became infirm & tir$ ( life1 & 0 put to dea? at 8 own express desire by "s ( 8 ne>e/ relations4 ,besides ! w&]+1 or ,re9de] ,t*ukt*i1 :o call !mselves ,t5nygk1 !re are o!rs1 dwell+ 9 fix$ habitations along ! bord]s ( ! sea at ,b]+'s ,/raits & ! ,gulf ( ,anadyr1 :o diff] consid]ably f ! =m] 9 appe>ance & language4 ,^! ,onkilon1 or /ation>y ,t*ukt*i1 belong to ! wide-spread ,esquimaux family1 &1 l mo/ ( _! race1 subsi/ by hunt+ ! :ale1 ! walrus1 & ! seal4 ,!y live 9 a /ate ( abject dep5d5ce on ! nomad ,t*ukt*i1 & are poor1 l all fi%]m51 :ile "s ( ! ,t5nygk *iefta9s possess sev]al ?\s&s ( re9de]1 & are cont9ually add+ to _! weal? by trade4 ,( c\rse !re is an active ex*ange ( commodities betwe5 ! two2 ! ,onkilon furni%+ ?ongs ( walrus hide1 walrus-tee?1 tra9-oil1 etc41 & receiv+ re9de] sk9s1 or ready-made clo!s ( ! same mat]ial1 9 return4 ,!y live 9 small settlem5ts or villages spread along ! coa/2 _! huts1 rais$ on frame-works ( :ale-rib & cov]$ ) sk9s1 resemble a l>ge irregul> cone repos+ on its side1 ) ! apex direct$ to ! nor?1 & ! base %elv+ abruptly to ! s\?4 ,"h is ! small op5+1 clos$ by a flap ( loose sk91 :i* s]ves z a door1 :ile ! smoke escapes & ! light ent]s ?r\gh a r\nd hole 9 ! ro(4 ,at ! f>!r or nor!rn end ( ?is /ructure is a second l[ squ>e t5t1 cov]$ ) d\ble re9de] sk9s1 ! polog1 :i* 9 w9t] s]ves bo? z ! d9+ & b$ room ( ! family4 ,! ,onkilon cat* seals 9 a k9d ( net made ( lea!r /raps1 :i* !y spread out "u ! ice1 & 9 :i* ! animal entangles itself ) ! head or flipp]s4 ,:5 ! walrus1 :i* is p>ticul>ly abundant ab\t ,koliuts*9 ,isl&1 creeps on %ore1 !y /eal ^u x unaw>es1 cut (f its retreat1 & kill x ) _! spe>s4 ,l ! ,esquimaux1 !y use dogs to drag _! sl$ges4 ,! numb] ( ! ,t*ukt*i is great] ?an "o might expect to f9d 9 s /]ile a c\ntry4 ,accord+ to ! ,russian mission>ies1 !re 71 "s ye>s back1 #eb ulusses or villages ( ! ,onkilon1 ) #aefh t5ts1 & #aj1jjj inhabitants2 & ,wrangell tells u t ! ,t5nygk are at lea/ twice z num]\s1 s t ! entire population ( ! l& ( ! ,t*ukt*i may possibly am\nt to #cj1jjj4 ,illu/ration3 #ih4 ,,an ,,aleut4 ,,*apt] ,,xxv4 ,,b]+ ,,sea--,,! ,,russian ,,fur ,,company--,,! ,,aleuts4 ,b]+ ,sea4--,unalaska4--,! ,pribil[ ,isl&s4--,/4 ,mat!w4-- ,/4 ,laur5ce4--,b]+'s ,/raits4--,! ,russian ,fur ,company4-- ,! ,aleuts4--,_! ,"*4--,_! ,skill & ,intrepidity 9 hunt+ ! ,sea-ott]4--,! ,sea-be>4--,:ale-*as+4-- ,walrus-slaught]4--,! ,sea-lion4 ,b]+ ,sea is extremely int]e/+ 9 a geographical po9t ( view1 z ! temp]ature ( its coa/s & isl&s exhibits s /rik+ a contra/ ) t "p ( ! ,arctic ,ocean :i* ext5ds betwe5 ,gre5l&1 ,icel&1 ,norway1 & ,spitzb]g51 & af=ds u ! mo/ conv9c+ pro( ( ! b5efits we owe to ! ,gulf ,/ream1 & to ! mild s\?-we/]ly w9ds :i* sweep across ! ,atlantic4 ,:ile ?r\gh ! sea betwe5 ,icel& & ,scotl&1 a "p ( ! w>m? g5]at$ 9 ! tropical zone p5etrates by means ( m>9e & arial curr5ts z f> z ,spitzb]g5 & ! we/]n coa/ ( ,nova ,zembla1 ! ,sea ( ,b]+ is completely depriv$ ( ?is advantage4 ,! long *a9 ( m\nta9\s isl&s :i* b\nds x on ! s\? s]ves z a b>ri] aga9/ ! mild influ5ce ( ! ,pacific1 & in/ead ( w>m /reams mix+ ) its wat]s1 _m consid]able riv]s & deep bays ye>ly dis*>ge into x enorm\s masses ( ice4 ,?us z soon z ! navigator ent]s ,b]+ ,sea he p]ceives at once a consid]able fall 9 ! temp]ature1 & f9ds himself sudd5ly transf]r$ f a temp]ate oceanic region to "o ( a decid$ly ,arctic "*4 ,9 spite1 !re=e1 ( _! comp>atively s\!rly position 7= ! ,/raits ( ,b]+ d n ev5 rea* ! ,arctic ,circle1 & ! ,&rian[ ,isl&s are t5 degrees f>!r to ! s\? ?an ! ,f]os71 ^? frigid wat]s are1 ) reg>d to climate1 f> less favorably situat$ ?an ! seas ( ,spitzb]g54 ,! same gradual diff]5ces ( temp]ature & vegetation :i* we f9d 9 ,unalaska1 ! ,pribil[ ,isl&s1 ,/4 ,laur5ce1 & ! ,/raits ( ,b]+1 )9 #aj ( latitude1 occur 9 ! ,%etl& ,isl&s1 ,icel&1 ,be> ,isl&1 & ,spitzb]g5 at di/ances ( almo/ #bj2 s t 9 ! ,sea ( ,b]+ ! increase ( cold on advanc+ to ! nor? is ab\t twice z rapid z 9 ! wat]s betwe5 ,nor? ,europe & ,nor? ,am]ica4 ,! long & n>r[ p59sula ( ,aliaska1 :i* =ms ! s\?-ea/]n b\nd>y ( ?is inhospitable sea1 %[s u its influ5ce 9 a v m>k$ degree1 = :ile ! climate ( ! nor!rn side ( t f>-project+ l&-tongue has a decid$ly ,arctic "*1 its s\!rn coa/s front+ ! ,pacific enjoy a temp]ate climate4 ,! m\nta9-*a9 :i*1 ris+ to a height ( five or six ?\s& feet1 =ms ! backbone ( ! p59sula1 s]ves z ! b\nd>y ( two di/9ct worlds1 = :ile ! nor!rn slopes are bleak & treeless l ,icel&1 ! s\!rn %ores are cov]$ f ! wat]'s edge ) magnific5t =e/s4 ,:ile on ! nor!rn side ! walrus ext5ds 8 excursions d[n to #ef #cj ,n4 lat41 on ! s\!rn exposure ! humm+bird is se5 to flit f fl[] to fl[] z high z #fa1 ! mo/ nor!rly po9t x is kn[n to atta94 ,! ,f]o ,isl&s 7#fd ,n4 lat47 h und\bt$ly a no v agreeable climate to boa/ (1 b !y may almo/ be said to enjoy ,italian skies :5 comp>$ ) ,unalaska 7#ed ,n4 lat471 ! be/ kn[n ( ! ,aleutian *a94 ,! ,sc&9avian ar*ipelago is frequ5tly obscur$ ) fogs1 b "h !y are p]petual f ,april to ! middle ( ,july4 ,f ?is "t till ! end ( ,septemb] ! wea!r improves1 z !n ! s\!rly w9ds drive ! foggy region m to ! nor?1 & enable ! sun to %9e dur+ a few s]5e days ^u ! bleak %ores ( ,unalaska4 ,b soon ! ,pol> air-/reams rega9 ! supremacy1 & a dismal veil once m %r\ds ! melan*oly isl&4 ,( ,sitka1 ! *ief t[n ( ,aliaska1 ,mr4 ,:ymp] says3 8,x enjoys ! un5viable position ( be+ ab\t ! mo/ ra9y place 9 ! _w4 ,ra9 ceases only :5 !re is a good prospect ( sn[40 ,sn[ g5]ally beg9s to fall e>ly 9 ,octob]1 & sn[-/orms occur to ! v end ( ,may4 ,!re are ye>s 9 :i* x ra9s cont9ually dur+ ! :ole w9t]4 ,9 ! ,f]os "s s]vice-trees are to be se5 twelve feet high or m1 :ile no?+ l a tree ev] grew 9 ,unalaska4 ,! diff]5ce betwe5 ! temp]atures ( ! summ] & w9t]1 :i* 9 ! ,f]os is conf9$ to v n>r[ limits1 is mu* m consid]able 9 ,unalaska1 ?\gh "h also ! mod]at+ influ5ce ( ! sea makes itself felt4 ,?us 9 summ] ! !rmomet] r>ely rises above #ff1 b on ! o!r h& 9 w9t] x /ill m r>ely falls bel[ -#b4 ,( c\rse no corn ( any k9d c possibly rip5 9 a climate l ?is1 b ! damp & cool temp]ature favors ! gr[? ( h]bs4 ,9 ! moi/ l[l&s ! /unt$ will[-bu%es are /ifl$ by ! luxuriant grasses2 & ev5 on ! hills1 ! vegetation1 :i* is ( a decid$ly ,alp9e "*1 cov]s ! e>? up to ! l9e ( p]petual sn[2 :ile sev]al social plants1 su* z ! ,lup9us nootkeanus & ! ,rhodod5dron kamts*adalicum1 decorate ^! dismal regions ) _! brilliant color4 ,! lively gre5 ( ! mead[s rem9ds "o ( ! valley ( ,urs]51 s well kn[n to all ,alp9e t\ri/s4 ,! mosses & li*5s beg9 already at ,unalaska to assume t pr$om9ance 9 ! ,flora :i* *>act]izes ! frigid zone4 ,illu/ration3 #ii4 ,,sitka4 ,a few degrees to ! nor? ( ! ,aleutian *a91 :i* ext5ds 9 a long l9e f ! promontory ( ,aliaska to ,kam*atka1 are situat$ ! ,pribil[ ,isl&s1 ,/4 ,george & ,/4 ,paul1 :i* are celebrat$ 9 ! hi/ory ( ! fur-trade1 ! =m] z ! *ief bre$+-place ( ! sea-be>1 ! latt] z t ( ! sea-lion4 ,*amisso 0 /ruck ) _! w9try aspect1 = "h no %elt]$ valleys & l[l&s promote1 z at ,unalaska1 a m vigor\s vegetation4 ,! r\nd$ backs ( ! hills & ! scatt]$ rocks are cov]$ ) black & gray li*5s2 & :]e ! melt+ sn[s af=d a suffici5t moi/ure1 sphagnum1 mosses1 & a few we$s occupy ! m>%y gr\nd4 ,! froz5 e>? has no spr+s1 & yet ^! desolate isl&s h a m s\!rly situation ?an ! ,orkneys1 :]e b>ley gr[s to rip5ess4 ,be=e ^! isl&s 7 discov]$ by ! ,russians !y _h be5 = ages ! undi/urb$ home ( ! sea-birds & ! l>ge cetacean seals4 ,"u ,russian sup]9t5d5ce1 "s ,aleuts h n[ be5 settl$ on bo? ( !m4 ,! innum]able h]ds ( sea-lions1 :i* cov] ! nak$ %ores ( ,/4 ,george z f> z ! eye c rea*1 pres5t a /range sight4 ,! guillemots h tak5 possession ( ! places unoccupi$ by _! families & fly fe>lessly among !m1 or ne/le 9 ! crevices ( ! wave-worn rock-walls1 or betwe5 ! l>ge b\ld]s :i* =m a bank along ! /r&4 ,/ill f>!r to ! nor? lies ! un9habit$ isl& ( ,/4 ,mat!w 7#fb ,n4 lat474 ,a settlem5t 0 once attempt$2 b z ! animals :i* _h be5 reckon$ ^u = ! w9t] supply ( food dep>t$1 ! un=tunate coloni/s all di$ ( hung]4 ,fogs are s frequ5t ab\t ! isl& ( ,/4 ,laur5ce t navigators h (t5 pass$ close by x 7#fe ,n4 lat47 )\t see+ x4 ,*amisso 0 surpris$ at ! beauty & ! numb]s ( its dw>fi% fl[]+ h]bs1 :i* rem9d$ him ( ! highl&s ( ,switz]l&1 :ile ! neighbor+ ,/4 ,laur5ce ,bay1 9 ! l& ( ! ,t*ukt*i1 0 ! image ( w9try desolation4 ,9 ,july ! l[l&s 7 cov]$ ) sn[-fields1 & ! few plants bore ! ,alp9e "* 9 ! mo/ m>k$ degree4 ,"u ?is inclem5t sky1 ! m\nta9s1 unprotect$ by vegetation1 rapidly fall into decay4 ,e w9t] splits ! rocks1 & ! summ] torr5ts c>ry ! fragm5ts d[n to _! feet4 ,! gr\nd is ev]y:]e cov]$ ) blocks ( /one1 unless :]e ! sphagnum1 by ! accumulation ( its decompos$ rema9s1 has =m$ masses ( peat 9 ! swampy l[l&s4 ,on sail+ ?r\gh ,b]+'s ,/raits1 ! travell] may see1 9 cle> wea!r1 bo? ! ,old & ! ,new ,_w4 ,on bo? sides rise high m\nta9s1 precipit\sly f ! wat]'s edge 9 ,asia1 b sep>at$ f ! sea by a broad alluvial belt on ! ,am]ican side4 ,! sea is deepe/ on ! ,asiatic bord]1 :]e ! curr5t1 fl[+ f ! s\? ) consid]able rapidity1 has also ! greate/ =ce4 ,"h also :ales may be (t5 se51 & l>ge h]ds ( walruses4 ,9 =m] times ! baid> ( ! ,esquimaux 0 ! only boat ev] se5 9 ! /raits1 & s9ce ,sem5 ,de%new1 :o fir/ sail$ r\nd ! ea/]n po9t ( ,asia1 ,european navigators _h b r>ely pass$ !m to explore ! seas beyond2 b rec5tly ?is remote/ "p ( ! _w has become ! sc5e ( an active :ale-fi%]y4 ,illu/ration3 #ajj4 ,a ,,baid>4 ,! %ores ( ,b]+ ,sea are nak$ & bleak1 & ! num]\s volcanoes ( ! ,aleutian *a9 p\r out _! lava-/reams ov] unkn[n wild]nesses4 ,b ! wat]s ( ! sea are teem+ ) life4 ,gigantic alg1 su* z are nev] se5 9 ! torrid zone1 =m1 r\nd ! rocky coa/s1 va/ subm>9e =e/s4 ,a ho/ ( fi%es1 :ales1 walruses1 & seals1 fill ! sea & its %ores1 & innum]able sea-birds occupy ! cliffs4 ,b ^! treasures ( ! ocean1 :i* = ages furni%$ ! ,aleuts & o!r wild tribes ) ! means ( exi/5ce1 h also be5 ! cause ( _! s]vitude4 ,_h ! sea-ott] n exi/$1 ! wild *ildr5 ( ! soil might possibly /ill be 9 possession ( _! anci5t fre$om2 & b = ! sea-be> & ! walrus1 ! :ale & ! seal1 ! bann]s ( ! ,cz> w\ld sc>cely h met ! flag ( ,engl& on ! cont95t ( ,am]ica4 ,z ! :ole fur-trade ( ! ,hudson's ,bay ,t]ritory is conc5trat$ 9 ! h&s ( "o mighty company1 ?us also "o p[]ful association enjoys ! exclusive comm]ce ( ! ea/]n possession ( ,russia4 ,! regions "u ! au?ority ( ! ,russian ,fur ,company#ad occupy an imm5se space1 z !y comprise n only all ! isl&s ( ,b]+ ,sea1 b also ! ,am]ican coa/s d[n to #ee ,n4 lat4 ,! extreme po9ts ( ?is va/ t]ritory are situat$ at a great] di/ance f ea* o!r ?an ,london f ,tobolsk1 b ! importance ( its trade be>s no proportion to its ext5t4 ,! company1 :i* 0 f\nd$ 9 ! ye> #agii1 "u ! ,emp]or ,paul1 _h1 9 #ahci1 ?irty-six hunt+ settlem5ts on its own t]ritory 7! ,kurile ,isl&s1 ! ,aleutic *a91 ,aliaska1 ,bri/ol ,bay1 ,cook's ,inlet1 ,norton ,s\nd1 etc471 besides a *a9 ( ag5cies f ,o*otsk to ,/4 ,pet]sburg4 ,its *ief seat is ,new ,ar*angel1 on ,sitka1 "o ( ! _m isl&s ( ,k+ ,george ,,iii4's ,ar*ipelago1 fir/ accurately explor$ by ,vanc\v]4 ,! magnific5t ,bay ( ,norfolk1 at ! head ( :i* ! small t[n is situat$1 greatly resembles a ,norwegian fjord1 z we "h f9d ! same /eep rock-walls ba?+ _! precipit\s sides 9 ! em]ald wat]s1 & clo!d ) d5se p9e =e/s :]ev] a tree c gr[4 ,a numb] ( islets scatt]$ ov] ! surface ( ! bay add to ! beauty ( ! sc5e4 ,! furs collect$ by ! company are *iefly ^? ( sea-be>s1 sea-ott]s1 foxes1 beav]s1 be>s1 lynxes1 ,am]ican m>t5s1 etc41 & are p>tly furni%$ by ! subjects ( its own t]ritory 7,aleuts1 ,kadjacks1 ,k5azes1 ,t*ugat*i1 ,aliaskans71 :o are compell$ to hunt on its acc\nt1 & p>tly obta9$ by b>t] f ! indep5d5t tribes ( ! ma9l&1 or f ! ,hudson's ,bay ,company4 ,! great] "p is s5t to ,o*otsk or ! ,amoor1 & f !nce ?r\gh ,sib]ia to ,/4 ,pet]sburg2 ! re/ to ! ,*9ese ports1 :]e ! sk9s ( ! "y sea-be> always f9d a ready m>ket4 ,( all ! aborig9al tribes :i* inhabit ! va/ t]ritory ( ,russian ,am]ica1 ! mo/ wor?y ( notice is t ( ! ,aleuts4 ,less =tunate ?an _! indep5d5t relatives1 ! ,esquimaux ( ! nor?--:o 9 ! mid/ ( privations ma9ta9 an imp]turbable gayety ( temp]--^! isl&]s h be5 effectually _s-brok5 "u a =eign yoke4 ,9 #ahag ! cruel treatm5t ( _! ma/]s _h r$uc$ !m to ab\t a ?\s&2 s9ce t "t _! numb] has some:at increas$1 ! company hav+ at l5g? discov]$ t man is1 aft] all1 ! mo/ valuable production ( a l&1 & t if depopulation increas$ /ill fur!r1 !y w\ld soon h no m hunt]s to supply !m ) furs4 ,e ,aleut is b\nd1 aft] 8 eighte5? ye>1 to s]ve ! company ?ree ye>s2 & ?is =c$ labor-tax does n seem at fir/ sight immod]ate1 b if we consid] t ! isl&]s1 to :om e =eign article is suppli$ f ! w>eh\ses ( ! company1 are inv>iably its debtors1 we c n d\bt t z long z ! ,aleut is able to hunt1 he is oblig$ to d s = ! wages ( a slave4 ,! ,bi%op ,ivan ,w5iam9[1 :o resid$ t5 ye>s at ,unalaska1 draws a picture ( ?is p :i* exhibits evid5t m>ks ( a long s]vitude4 ,!y nev] qu>rel among ea* o!r1 & _! pati5ce is exempl>y4 ,no?+ c surpass ! =titude ) :i* !y endure pa94 ,on ! o!r h&1 !y nev] %[ excessive joy2 x seems impossible to raise _! feel+s to ! pit* ( delight4 ,ev5 aft] a long fa/1 a *ild nev] grasps ) eag]ness ! pr(f]$ morsel1 nor does x on any occasion exhibit ! mir? s natural to its age4 ,9 hunt+ ! m>9e animals1 ! ,aleuts exhibit a wond]ful skill & intrepidity4 ,to cat* ! sea-ott]1 !y assemble 9 ,april or ,may at an appo9t$ spot1 9 _! light sk9 boats1 or baid>s1 & *oose "o ( _! mo/ respect$ *iefs = ! lead] ( ! exp$ition1 :i* g5]ally numb]s f fifty to a hundr$ boats4 ,su* hunt+-p>ties are annually organiz$ f ! ,kurile ,isl&s to ,kadjack1 & consequ5tly ext5d _! op]ations ov] a l9e ( #cjjj miles4 ,on ! fir/ f9e day ! exp$ition sets out & proce$s to a di/ance ( ab\t =ty v]/s f ! coa/1 :5 ! baid>s =m into a long l9e1 leav+ an int]val ( ab\t #bej fa?oms f boat to boat1 z f> z a sea-ott] div+ out ( ! wat] c be se51 s t a r[ ( ?irty baid>s occupies a space ( f t5 to twelve v]/s4 ,:5 ! numb] ( ! boats is great]1 ! int]vals are r$uc$4 ,e man n[ looks ^u ! sea ) great att5tion4 ,no?+ escapes ! eye ( ! ,aleut2 9 ! smalle/ black spot appe>+ b "o mom5t ov] ! surface ( ! wat]s1 he at once recognizes a sea-ott]4 ,! baid> :i* fir/ sees ! animal r[s rapidly t[>ds ! spot :]e ! creature div$1 & n[ ! ,aleut1 hold+ 8 o> /raight up 9 ! air1 rema9s motionless on ! spot4 ,imm$iately ! :ole squadron is on ! move1 & ! long1 /raight l9e *anges into a wide circle1 ! c5tre ( :i* is occupi$ by ! baid> ) ! rais$ o>4 ,! ott]1 n be+ able to rema9 long "u wat]1 reappe>s1 & ! ne>e/ ,aleut imm$iately greets him ) an arr[4 ,?is fir/ attack is seldom mortal2 v (t5 ! missile does n ev5 rea* its m>k1 & ! sea-ott] in/antly disappe>s4 ,aga9 ! o> rises f ! next baid>2 aga9 ! circle =ms1 b ?is "t n>r[] ?an at fir/2 ! fatigu$ ott] is oblig$ to come (t5] to ! surface1 arr[s fly f all sides1 & f9ally ! animal1 kill$ by a mortal %ot1 or exhau/$ by repeat$ w\nds1 falls to ! %>e ( ! ar*] :o has hit x ne>e/ to ! head4 ,if sev]al ott]s appe> at ! same "t1 ! boats =m z _m r+s1 provid$ _! numb] be suffici5tly great4 ,! bolde/ ( all hunt]s1 ! ,aleuts ( ! ,fox ,isl&s1 pursue ! sea-ott] also 9 w9t]4 ,if1 dur+ ! summ] *ase1 ! rapidity & regul>ity ) :i* all ! movem5ts are p]=m$1 & ! sure eye & aim ( ! ar*]s comm& ! spectator's admiration1 ?is w9t] *ase gives him occasion to wond] at _! c\rage4 ,dur+ ! sev]e/ w9t]-/orms ! ott] %elt]s himself on ! %ore ( "s small un9habit$ isl& or on a solit>y rock1 & aft] hav+ c>efully asc]ta9$ t no enemy is ne>1 coils himself up & falls asleep4 ,:ile ! /orm /ill rages1 two ,aleuts approa* ! rock 9 two s+le baid>s f ! leew>d4 ,! hunt] 9 ! =emo/ baid> /&s upright1 a gun or a club 9 8 h&1 & waits 9 ?is position till a wave br+s him ne> to ! summit ( ! rock4 ,he n[ spr+s on l&1 & :ile 8 companion takes c>e ( ! baid>1 approa*es ! sleep+ ott] & %oots x or kills x ) 8 club4 ,) ! assi/ance ( 8 companion :o has rema9$ on ! wat]1 he spr+s back into 8 baid> z soon z ! cre/ ( a wave br+s x )9 8 rea*4 ,! sea-be> is ne>ly z valuable z ! sea-ott] to ! fur company1 z ! woolly sk9 ( ! "y animal is ! only "o ( ! :ole seal tribe :i* is reckon$ among ! f9] peltry4 ,! sea-be>s are *iefly kill$ on ! ,commodore & ,pribil[ isl&s1 p>ticul>ly on ,/4 ,paul1 :]e !y are hunt$ by a c]ta9 numb] ( ,aleuts locat$ !re "u ,russian sup]9t5d5ce4 ,! *ase beg9s 9 ! latt] "p ( ,septemb]1 on a cold1 foggy day1 :5 ! w9d bl[s f ! side :]e ! animals are assembl$ on ! rocky %ore4 ,! bolde/ huntsm5 op5 ! way1 !n foll[ ! old] p & ! *ildr51 & ! *ief p]sonage ( ! b& comes la/1 to be ! bett] able to direct & survey ! movem5ts ( 8 m51 :o are all arm$ ) clubs4 ,! ma9 object is to cut (f ! h]d z quickly z possible f ! sea4 ,all ! gr[n-up males & females are sp>$ & all[$ to escape1 b mo/ ( ! "y animals are s5t5c$ to dea?4 ,^? :i* are only f\r mon?s old 7_! furs be+ mo/ highly priz$7 are doom$ )\t exception2 :ile ( ! o!rs t h atta9$ an age ( "o1 two1 or ?ree ye>s1 only ! males are kill$4 ,= sev]al days aft] ! massacre1 ! mo!rs swim ab\t ! isl&1 seek+ & l\dly wail+ = _! "y4 ,f ,octob] #e ,/4 ,paul is gradually des]t$ by ! sea-be>s1 :o !n migrate to ! s\? & re-appe> t[>ds ! end ( ,april1 ! males arriv+ fir/4 ,ea* seeks ! same spot on ! %ore :i* he occupi$ dur+ ! prec$+ ye>1 & lies d[n among ! l>ge /one blocks ) :i* ! flat bea* is cov]$4 ,ab\t ! middle ( ,may ! f> m num]\s females beg9 to make _! appe>ance1 & ! sea-be> families take full possession ( ! /r&4 ,ea* male is ! sultan ( a h]d ( females1 v>y+ 9 numb] accord+ to 8 size & /r5g?2 ! weak] bre?r5 cont5t+ !mselves ) half a doz51 :ile "s ( ! /urdi] & fi]c] fell[s preside ov] h>ems #bjj /rong4 ,jeal\sy & intrusion frequ5tly give rise to t]rible battles4 ,! full-gr[n male sea-be>1 :o is ab\t f\r or five times l>g] ?an ! female1 gr[s to ! l5g? ( eight feet1 & owes 8 "n to 8 %aggy blacki% fur1 & n to 8 disposition1 :i* is f> f be+ cruel or savage4 ,arm$ ) a %ort spe>1 a s+le ,aleut does n hesitate to attack ! colossal :ale4 ,approa*+ cauti\sly f beh9d 9 8 baid> until he rea*es ! head1 he plunges 8 weapon into ! animal's flank "u ! =e f91 & !n retreats z fa/ z 8 o> c c>ry him4 ,if ! spe> has p5etrat$ into ! fle%1 ! :ale is doom$2 x dies )9 ! next two or ?ree days1 & ! curr5ts & ! waves drift ! c>cass to ! next %ore4 ,ea* spe> has its peculi> m>k by :i* ! own] is recogniz$4 ,sometimes ! baid> does n escape 9 "t1 & ! :ale1 madd5$ by pa91 furi\sly la%es ! wat] ) 8 tail1 & ?r[s ! baid> high up into ! air1 or s9ks x deep into ! sea4 ,! :ale-fi%]s are highly e/eem$ among ! ,aleuts1 & _! intrepidity & skill well des]ve ! g5]al admiration4 ,( c\rse _m ( ! :ales are lo/4 ,9 ! summ] ( #ahca1 #aah :ales 7 w\nd$ ne> ,kadjack1 ( :i* only =ty-?ree 7 f\nd4 ,! o!rs may h be5 waft$ f> out into ! sea to regale ! %>ks & sea-birds1 or driv5 to m di/ant %ores1 ^: inhabitants no d\bt gladly welcom$ _! l&+4 ,wrangell in=ms u t s9ce #ahcc ! ,russians h introduc$ ! use ( ! h>poon1 & engag$ "s ,engli% h>poon]s to tea* ! ,aleuts a m pr(itable me?od ( :ale-cat*+1 b we are n told h[ ! exp]im5t has succe$$4 ,! company1 besides pur*as+ a great quantity ( walrus-tee? f ! ,t*ukt*i ( ! ,b]+'s ,/raits & ,bri/ol ,bay1 s5d e ye> a deta*m5t ( ,aleuts to ! nor? coa/ ( ,aliaska1 :]e g5]ally a l>ge numb] ( "y walruses1 probably driv5 away by ! old] ones1 :o pref] ! vic9ity ( ! pol> ice1 sp5d ! summ] mon?s4 ,! walruses h]d on ! l[e/ edge ( ! coa/ :i* is )9 rea* ( ! spr+ tides4 ,:5 ! ,aleuts prep>e to attack ! animals1 !y take leave ( ea* o!r z if !y 7 go+ to face dea?1 be+ no less afraid ( ! tusks ( ! walruses ?an ( ! awkw>dness ( _! own companions4 ,arm$ ) lances & heavy axes1 !y /eal?ily approa* ! walruses1 & hav+ dispos$ _! ranks1 sudd5ly fall ^u !m ) l\d %\ts1 & endeavor to drive !m f ! sea1 tak+ c>e t none ( !m escape into ! wat]1 z 9 t case ! re/ w\ld irresi/ibly foll[ & precipitate ! huntsm5 along ) !m4 ,z soon z ! walruses h be5 driv5 f> en\gh up ! /r&1 ! ,aleuts attack !m ) _! lances1 /rik+ at !m 9 places :]e ! hide is n s ?ick1 & !n press+ ) all _! might aga9/ ! spe>1 to r5d] ! w\nd deep & deadly4 ,! slaught]$ animals tumble "o ov] ! o!r & =m l>ge heaps1 :il/ ! huntsm51 utt]+ furi\s %\ts & intoxicat$ ) c>nage1 wade ?r\gh ! bloody mire4 ,!y !n cleave ! jaws & extract ! tusks1 :i* are ! *ief objects ( ! slaught] ( sev]al ?\s& walruses1 s9ce nei!r _! fle% nor _! fat is made use ( 9 ! colony4 ,! c>casses are left on ! %ore to be wa%$ away by ! spr+ tides1 :i* soon efface ! m>k ( ! massacre1 & 9 ! foll[+ ye> ! inexhau/ible nor? s5ds new victims to ! coa/4 ,sir ,george ,simpson1 9 8 8,ov]l& ,j\rney r\nd ! ,_w10 relates t ! bales ( fur s5t to ,kia*ta are cov]$ ) walrus hide2 x is !n made to protect ! tea-*e/s :i* f9d _! way to ,mosc[1 & aft] all ^! w&]+s1 ! f>-travell$ sk9 returns aga9 to ,new ,ar*angel1 :]e1 cut into small pieces & /amp$ ) ! company's m>k1 x s]ves z a m$ium ( ex*ange4 ,! sk9 ( ! sea-lion 7,ot>ia ,/ell]i7 has b little value 9 ! fur-trade1 z its hair is %ort & co>se1 b 9 _m o!r respects ! unwieldy animal is ( consid]able use to ! ,aleut4 ,its hide s]ves to cov] 8 baid>2 ) ! entrails he makes 8 wat]-tight kamleika1 a wide1 long %irt :i* he puts on ov] 8 dress to protect himself aga9/ ! ra9 or ! spray2 ! ?ick webs ( its flipp]s furni% excell5t soles = 8 boots1 & ! bri/les ( its lip figure z ornam5ts 9 8 head-dress4 ,illu/ration3 #aja4 ,,=t ,,/4 ,,mi*ael4 ,,*apt] ,,xxvi4 ,,alaska4 ,pur*ase ( ,alaska by ! ,unit$ ,/ates4--,! ,russian ,am]ican ,telegraph ,s*eme4--,:ymp]'s ,trip up ! ,yukon4--,dogs4--,! ,/>t4--,extempore ,wat]-filt]4--,sn[-%oes4--,! ,froz5 ,yukon4--,"u-gr\nd ,h\ses4--,life at ,nulato4--,cold ,wea!r4-- ,auroras4--,approa* ( ,summ]4--,break+-up ( ! ,ice4--,=t ,yukon4--,furs4--,desc5t ( ! ,yukon4--,value ( ,goods4-- ,arctic & ,tropical ,life4--,moose-hunt+4--,de]-corrals4--,l ip ,ornam5ts4--,canoes4--,f\r-po/ ,c(f94--,! ,k5aian ,indians4-- ,! ,aleuts4--,value ( ,alaska4 ,9 #ahfg ! ,russian ,gov]nm5t sold to ! ,unit$ ,/ates all ( its possessions 9 ,am]ica1 compris+ an area ( m ?an #ejj1jjj squ>e miles1 equal 9 ext5t to ,france1 ,g]many1 & ,great ,brita91 /ret*+ f #ed #dj nor? latitude to ! ,arctic ,ocean4 ,! sum paid 0 ab\t sev5 & a qu>t] millions ( doll>s4 ,9 ?is pur*ase is includ$ ,m\nt ,/4 ,elias1 ! highe/ peak 9 ,nor? ,am]ica1 ris+ to a height ( m ?an #ah1jjj feet1 & "o ( ! l(tie/ s+le peaks on ! globe4 ,! real value ( ?is new acquisition 0 q unkn[n to bo? buy] & sell]4 ,9 ! s\!rn "p1 & on ! isl&s1 !re is consid]able vegetation & =e/s ( l>ge trees2 & x is said t !re is "s m9]al weal?4 ,b ! great] "p ( ! t]ritory is ess5tially ,arctic4 ,x n[ be>s ! designation ( ! ,t]ritory ( ,alaska1 an abbreviation ( ,aliaska1 ! "n ( ! p59sula /ret*+ into ! ,nor? ,pacific ,ocean4 ,little in=mation has z yet be5 ga9$ ( ?is region4 ,! mo/ important is ! result ( a j\rney up ! ,riv] ,yukon1 p]=m$ 9 #ahff by ,mr4 ,fr$]ick ,:ymp]1 an arti/ connect$ ) ! ,telegraph ,exp$ition4 ,?is telegraph ent]prise 0 und]tak5 9 ! confid5t expectation t ! cables laid directly across ! ,atlantic w\ld fail1 & t telegraphic communications betwe5 ,london & ,new ,york mu/ be ma9ly by l&4 ,! propos$ l9e1 />t+ f ! m\? ( ! ,amoor1 to :i* po9t x 0 already con/ruct$1 %\ld b5d ar\nd ! head ( ! ,sea ( ,okots*1 !nce run ea/w>d & nor?w>d ?r\gh ,kam*atka to ! #fc;d degree ( nor? latitude1 !n cross ! n>r[ ,/rait ( ,b]+1 & run s\?w>d ?r\gh :at 0 !n ,russian ,am]ica1 ,briti% ,columbia1 ,wa%+ton ,t]ritory1 & ,oregon1 to ,san ,francisco2 !nce across ! ,am]ican cont95t to ,new ,york4 ,a dispat* f ,london to ,new ,york by ?is r\te w\ld travel some?+ m ?an #be1jjj miles1 :ile ! di/ance 9 a /raight l9e across ! ,atlantic 0 ab\t #cjjj miles4 ,! company und]tak+ ?is ent]prise _h survey$ a consid]able "p ( ! di/ance1 & exp5d$ "s millions ( doll>s1 :5 x 0 ann\nc$ t ! ,atlantic cable 0 a success1 & ! "w 0 ab&on$4 ,9 ! mean :ile ,mr4 ,:ymp] und]took a trip up ! great ,riv] ,yukon4 ,?is is ess5tially an ,arctic riv]1 ?\gh its m\? is f> s\?w>d ( ! ,arctic ,circle4 ,x is probably ! greate/ ( ! ,arctic riv]s1 & 9 l5g? & volume ( wat] is exce$$ by n m ?an six riv]s ( ! globe4 ,! p>ty ( :i* ,mr4 ,:ymp] 0 "o consi/$ ( six ,europeans & ?ree ,indians4 ,9 ,octob]1 #ahfe1 !y />t$ f ,unala*leet1 on ,norton ,s\nd4 ,a trip ( #bjj miles w\ld br+ !m to ,nulato1 a ,russian trad+-po/ #gjj miles f ! m\? ( ! riv]1 :i* "h runs almo/ p>allel ) ! coa/4 ,!y 7 to travel on foot ov] froz5 riv]s & ?r\gh deep sn[4 ,to convey _! supplies !y _h f\r sl$ges1 ea* drawn by five dogs4 ,su* a team w draw ab\t #cej p\nds4 ,! dogs ( ?is region are n ( a good class4 ,mr4 ,:ymp] ?9ks !y h 9 !m q z mu* ( ! wolf z ( ! dog4 ,_! usual food is fi%2 _! regul> daily all[ance 9 w9t] is a dri$ salmon a day3 9 summ] !y are expect$ to fi% = !mselves4 ,!y w1 h[ev]1 eat almo/ any ?+1 &1 if !y c get en\gh1 w gr[ fat ^u x4 ,!y ev5 took k9dly to beans1 provid$ !y 7 boil$ s(t--a ?+ :i* ,kane c\ld nev] induce 8 ,esquimaux dogs to und]take4 ,!y set out on ! #bg? ( ,octob] at #aa o'clock--t is1 j aft] sunrise--! !rmomet] /&+ at #cj bel[ freez+-po9t4 ,_! trip 0 begun a little too e>ly1 = ! deep sn[ _h n become pack$ h>d1 & a bit ( ?aw w\ld trans=m x into slu%2 & ! /reams :i* !y _h to cross 7 n all froz5 ov]4 ,=tunately1 !y _h a light sk9 boat1 :i* n only /ood !m 9 good /ead n[1 b s]v$ !m aft]w>ds = m ?an a ?\s& miles ( w9t] travel4 ,:5ev] !y came to a froz5 /ream1 ! ,indians w\ld break a hole ?r\gh ! ice to get a draught ( wat]4 ,!y always fill$ up ! hole ) loose sn[1 ?r\gh :i* !y suck$ ! wat]4 ,?is !y said 0 to filt] out ! little r$ worms ) :i* !y said ! wat] 0 infe/$4 ,! travell]s wore sn[-%oes2 ! use ( :i*1 al?\gh indisp5sable 9 go+ ov] ! s(t sn[1 is v fatigu+1 oblig+ ! we>]s to lift a doz5 p\nds ( sn[ at e /ep4 ,sometimes !y _h to break a pa? = ! sl$ges4 ,! m5 w\ld g on ahead = a space1 !n return & />t on aga91 ?us trav]s+ ! di/ance ?ree times4 ,(t5 !y c\ld n accompli% m ?an t5 miles a day4 ,illu/ration3 #ajb4 ,,! ,,froz5 ,,yukon4 ,at noon on ! #aa? ( ,novemb]1 a =tnight aft] />t+1 !y caught 9 ! di/ance a glimpse ( a fa9t blui% /reak1 v>y+ ! :ite monotony ( ! sc5e4 ,?is !y knew m>k$ ! c\rse ( ! great riv] t[>ds :i* !y 7 t5d+4 ,pu%+ eag]ly on1 at sunset !y broke out ( ! woods1 %ot d[n a /eep bank1 & /ood on an imm5se pla9 ( sn[-cov]$ ice4 ,x 0 ! ,yukon1 froz5 solidly ov] z f> z ! eye c\ld rea*1 except t "h & !re 0 a fa9t /reak ( op5 wat]4 ,f bank to bank ! di/ance 0 m ?an a mile1 & ?is !y aft]w>ds f\nd 0 ! normal bread? ( ! riv] = sev5 hundr$ miles bel[1 & a ?\s& miles above4 ,n unfrequ5tly x spread out into broad lagoons f\r or five miles wide4 ,! ,yukon is "o ( ! great riv]s ( ! globe4 ,9 l5g? & volume ( wat] x is exce$$ only by ! ,amazon1 ! ,mississippi1 & p]haps ! ,plata4 ,x exce$s ! ,nile1 ! ,ganges1 ! ,volga1 ! ,amoor1 & has afflu5ts to :i* ! ,rh9e & ,rhone are b brooks4 ,x rises f> )9 ! ,briti% ,possessions1 & its head-wat]s almo/ int]lock ) ^? ( ! ,mack5zie1 :i* empties into ! ,arctic ,ocean4 ,a portage ( only eighty miles int]v5es betwe5 ^! riv]s at po9ts :]e ea* is navigable = boats =ty feet long1 & draw+ two feet ( wat]4 ,ov] ?is portage ! ,hudson's ,bay ,company transport ^u m5's backs ! goods = trad+ ) ! ,indians on ! ,upp] ,yukon4 ,mr4 ,:ymp] ?9ks t a flat-bottom$ /]n-:eel /eam]1 l ^? us$ on ! ,upp] ,mississippi1 c\ld asc5d ! ,yukon = eighte5 hundr$ miles1 & tap ! :ole fur-be>+ region4 ,b z ! riv] is froz5 solid = eight mon?s out ( ! twelve1 ! /eam] c\ld h>dly make m ?an "o trip a ye>4 ,illu/ration3 #ajc4 ,,"u-,,gr\nd ,,h\se4 ,! travell]s /opp$ two days at ! ,indian w9t] village ( ,coltog4 ,! h\ses 7 built ma9ly "u-gr\nd4 ,fir/1 a little %anty is put up1 "u :i* a hole l a well is dug2 !nce a bran* l a sew] runs "s y>ds1 along :i* "o mu/ crawl on h&s & knees to rea* ! prop] dwell+1 :i* is a squ>e hole 9 ! e>?1 ov] :i* is rais$ a l[ dome-%ap$ ro(1 ) a hole 9 ! top to let out ! smoke ( ! fire1 :i* is built directly und]nea?4 ,:5 ! fire gets l[ ! smoke-hole is cov]$ ) a sk91 :i* keeps 9 n only ! heat b ! manifold sc5ts eng5d]$ by ! cr[d$ occupancy4 ,! slight heat f bel[ makes ! ro( a favorite try/+-place = ! dogs1 & e n[ & !n "o comes tumbl+ d[n ?r\gh ! smoke-hole ^u ! fire bel[1 add+ ! odor ( s+$ hair to ^? aris+ f /ale fi%1 old sk9 g>m5ts1 & o!r unnamable abom9ations4 ,coltog is a r favorable sample ( an ,indian w9t] village 9 ,alaska4 ,f ,coltog ! travell]s proce$$ up ! riv] two days' j\rney to ,nulato1 ! mo/ nor!rn & mo/ inl& ( ! ,russian ,company's fur-po/s4 ,x /&s 9 latitude #fe1 & longitude #aeh1 ^u a level slip ( l& b\nd$ on two sides by ! great riv] & "o ( its ma9 bran*es4 ,not)/&+ ! high latitude1 trees ( consid]able size gr[ !re1 & dur+ ! brief summ] ! grass is luxuriant1 & b]ries ab\nd4 ,! po/ is a little =tress1 surr\nd$ by a picket1 :i* is clos$ at night to exclude ! ,indians1 :o camp ar\nd 9 l>ge numb]s4 ,! h\se appropriat$ to ! travell]s 0 built ( logs1 =m+ "o side ( ! little squ>e4 ,! w9d[s 7 ( seal-gut in/ead ( glass2 & z !re is dur+ ! w9t] only two or ?ree h\rs ( daylight1 ! light 0 nev] any ( ! be/4 ,by caulk+ ! floor ) moss1 & c>pet+ x ) sk9s1 ! ma9 room 0 kept com=tably w>m1 except ne> ! floor4 ,if "o hung a damp g>m5t f ! raft]s x w\ld /eam at ! top1 :ile froz5 /iff at ! bottom4 ,! temp]ature at ! ro( 0 sometimes #fe1 :ile ne> ! floor x 0 #d4 ,wat] = daily use 0 haul$ on a sl$ge f ! riv]4 ,to get at x1 !y 7 oblig$ to break ?r\gh solid ice f\r feet ?ick4 ,nev]!less1 ! ,indians contrive to cat* imm5se quantities ( fi% by con/ruct+ a weir ( wicket-"w1 & keep+ holes op5 9 ! ice4 ,illu/ration3 #ajd4 ,,fi%-,,traps ,,on ,,! ,,yukon4 ,w9t] fairly set 9 soon aft] ! p>ty _h tak5 up _! abode at ,nulato4 ,on ! #b;d ( ,novemb] ! !rmomet] indicat$ ! mod]ate temp]ature ( #b above z]o4 ,x sudd5ly fell to #bj bel[ z]o1 & kept on /eadily fall+ until ! #e? ( ,decemb]1 :5 x sunk to #eh bel[ z]o1 t is1 n9ety degrees bel[ ! freez+-po9t ( wat]4 ,?is 0 ! colde/ day1 b !re 7 dur+ ,decemb] & ,janu>y elev5 days :5 ! !rmomet] sunk bel[ ! freez+-po9t ( m]cury4 ,x is to be not$ t aft] a c]ta9 po9t ! human sy/em seems to take little additional note ( ! temp]ature z indicat$ by ! !rmomet]4 ,:5 ! m]cury froze1 #gb bel[ ! freez+-po9t ( wat]1 x did n seem v cold1 provid$ !re 0 no w9d2 :ile "o day :5 ! !rmomet] 0 #dd high]1 we f9d ?is note3 8,a nor? w9d blew1 & made u feel ! cold v decid$ly4 ,x is wond]ful h[ se>*+ ! w9d is 9 ?is nor!rn climate2 ea* little seam1 slit1 or te> 9 y\r fur or wooll5 clo?+ makes y aw>e ( its exi/5ce1 & "o's nose1 e>s1 & angles g5]ally are ! special suff]]s40 ,"o day :5 ! !rmomet] /ood at #aj1 an exp$ition />t$ (f = ! coa/3 & once :5 x 0 at #cb1 a half-clad ,indian came to ! po/ ) 8 *ild1 no bett] clad1 br++ "s game2 he did n seem to ?9k ! day rem>kably cold4 ,! %orte/ day ( ! w9t] 0 ,decemb] #ba1 :5 ! sun 0 an h\r & fifty m9utes above ! horizon4 ,illu/ration3 #aje4 ,,aurora ,,at ,,nulato4 ,dur+ ! w9t] ,mr4 ,:ymp] made _m capital sket*es out-(-doors1 :ile ! temp]ature 0 sixty degrees bel[ freez+-po9t4 ,among ^! is a rem>kable aurora borealis on ! #ba/ ( ,decemb]4 ,x 0 n ! conv5tional ar*1 b a graceful1 undulat+1 ev]-*ang+ snake ( pale electric light2 evanesc5t colors1 pale z ^? ( a lun> ra9b[1 ev] & aga9 flitt+ ?r\gh x1 & long /ream]s & sc9tillations mov+ upw>d to ! bright />s1 :i* %one di/9ctly ?r\gh its hazy e!real =m4 ,! night 0 beautifully calm & cle>2 cold1 b n int5sely s1 ! !rmomet] /&+ at #af4 ,s pass$ ! long w9t] mon?s4 ,e>ly 9 ,april !re came signs ( summ]--= 9 ! ,arctic regions !re is prop]ly no spr+ or autumn4 ,on ! #i? flies made _! appe>ance4 ,next day ! will[s 7 se5 budd+4 ,b = ano!r =tnight ! wea!r 0 v>iable4 ,on ! #bh? ! fir/ goose put 9 8 appe>ance4 ,b = ano!r =tnight ! ice 9 ! riv] rema9$ unbrok54 ,! fir/ sign ( break+ up 0 on ! #ab? ( ,may4 ,t day mosquitoes %[$ !mselves4 ,next day came swall[s & wild geese 9 abundance4 ,/ill ano!r =tnight1 dur+ :i* a /eady /ream ( brok5 ice came d[n1 be>+ ) x :ole trees torn up f ! banks4 ,on ! #bd? ( ,may ! riv] 0 tol]ably cle> ( ice4 ,illu/ration3 #ajf4 ,,break+ ,,up ,,( ,,! ,,ice4 ,! ,russians _h already got ready = a trad+-excursion up ! ,yukon to an ,indian trad+-place #bdj miles above1 ! f>!/ po9t ev] visit$ by !m4 ,!y _h a huge sk9 boat1 fitt$ ) ma/ & sail1 mann$ by eight m51 c>ry+1 besides m5 & provisions1 two tons ( goods4 ,! ,am]icans w5t ) !m1 ?\gh mean+ to g f> beyond4 ,!y _h _! own little boat1 lad5 ) six or sev5 hundr$ p\nds ( /ores ( all k9ds4 ,! riv] 0 /ill full ( ice & drift-wood4 ,a l>ge tree w\ld sometimes pass "u ! b[ ( ! ,russian boat1 & fairly lift x out ( ! wat]4 ,^! sk9 boats seem to be ! be/ ( all = ?is k9d ( navigation4 ,!y give way )\t h>m to a bl[ :i* w\ld break ?r\gh a b>k canoe4 ,"o c sc>cely conceive ! rapidity ) :i* summ] comes on 9 ^! regions4 ,on ! #bg? ( ,may ! riv] 0 yet full ( ice4 ,t5 days aft] !y _h to lie by dur+ ! noontide heat1 ! !rmomet] /&+ at #hj 9 ! %ade4 ,! ,am]icans rea*$ ,=t ,yukon on ! #i? ( ,june1 hav+1 9 tw5ty-n9e days1 r[$ & track$ six hundr$ miles4 ,a few weeks lat]1 ) ! curr5t 9 _! favor1 !y desc5d$ ! same space 9 sev5 days4 ,=t ,yukon lies a little )9 :at 0 =m]ly ,russian ,am]ica1 & ! ,hudson's ,bay ,company paid a small sum = ! privilege ( its occupancy4 ,"h ! ,am]icans rema9$ a mon?1 be+ hospitably ent]ta9$4 ,! =t _h q a civiliz$ look4 ,!re 7 fre%ly-pla/]$ walls1 glaz$ w9d[s1 op5 fireplaces1 magaz9es1 /ore-h\ses1 & a great fur-room4 ,camp$ ar\nd 7 ,indians ( _m tribes1 locally designat$ z 8,fooli% ,folks10 8,wood ,folks10 8,bir*-b>k ,folks10 8,rat ,folks10 8,hill ,folks10 & ! l4 ,"s wore _! native co/umes2 o!rs 7 trick$ out 9 ! odds & ends ( civiliz$ attire4 ,! fur-room 0 a r>e sight4 ,f ! beams hung m>t5-sk9s by ! ?\s&1 :ile ! *eap] sorts 7 ly+ 9 huge heaps on ! floor4 ,sk9s are "h ! regul> curr5cy4 ,! beav] is ! unit1 e/imat$ at ab\t half a doll>4 ,two m>t5s c\nt z "o beav]1 & s on by a recogniz$ scale4 ,fox-sk9s are num]\s4 ,! mo/ valuable is t ( ! black fox1 wor? tw5ty times m ?an any o!r4 ,!re is a /ory t an unlucky employ ( ! company once b\ght ! sk9 ( a :ite fox1 :i* ! ,indian sell] _h cunn+ly dy$ black1 pay+ = x m p\nds ?an he %\ld h paid %ill+s4 ,! ov]plus 0 d$uct$ f 8 sal>y4 ,illu/ration3 #ajg4 ,,=t ,,yukon4 ,on ! #h? ( ,july ! travell]s />t$ on _! return j\rney1 "u a salute f _! hospitable ho/s4 ,!y cano$ d[n ! riv] day & night1 only /opp+ two or ?ree times a day to prep>e _! tea & cook _! fi%4 ,x 0 a holiday excursion1 ! curr5t sweep+ !m along at ! rate ( f\r miles an h\r4 ,once1 by aid ( r[+1 !y made =ty-five miles 9 sev5 h\rs4 ,!y foll[$ ! riv] cle> to its m\?4 ,= ! sev5 hundr$ miles bel[ ,nulato1 ne> :]e !y _h /ruck ! riv] on _! upw>d j\rney1 ! region is comp>atively poor4 ,x lies out ( ! way ( trad]s2 fi% are pl5ty & *eap en\gh4 ,five ne$les 7 consid]$ a fair price = a ?irty-p\nd salmon2 &1 says ,mr4 ,:ymp]1 8tobacco w5t f>!r ?an we _h ev] kn[n x to d be=e40 ,on ! #bc;d ( ,july !y rea*$ ! m\? ( ! riv]1 :5ce two days' sail+ up ! coa/ br\ght !m to ,/4 ,mi*ael's4 ,! :ole voyage ( #acjj miles betwe5 ,=t ,yukon & ,/4 ,mi*ael's _h tak5 fifte5 & a half days4 ,at ,/4 ,mi*ael's !y 7 told t ! telegraphic ent]prise _h be5 ab&on$1 & t all employ$ 9 x 7 to return to ,cali=nia4 ,illu/ration3 #ajh4 ,a ,,de] ,,corral4 ,! result ( ?is exp$ition adds consid]ably to our k ( ! ,arctic regions4 ,x confirms :at has be5 told u by ,ri*>dson1 ,kane1 ,hall1 & all o!r ,arctic explor]s z to ! sup]abundance ( animal life exi/+ 9 c]ta9 seasons 9 ! nor!rn regions4 ,/range z x may seem1 tropical & semi-tropical c\ntries are almo/ b>e ( liv+ creatures4 ,/ra9 & 8 p>ty w&]$ = weeks ?r\gh ! ?ick =e/s ( ,c5tral ,am]ica1 nev] see+ an animal1 & r>ely a bird1 & ! riv] appe>$ to be almo/ de/itute ( fi%4 ,b life ab\nds 9 ! ,arctic regions4 ,! riv]s sw>m ) fi% almo/ begg+ to be caught4 ,! ,kam*atdales h re9de] by ! ?\s&4 ,:ymp] & 8 fri5ds1 dur+ _! brief /ay at ,nulato1 b\ght ! sk9s ( eight hundr$ :ite h>es ) :i* to cov] _! blankets2 ! ,indians _h us$ ! fle% = food4 ,moose-meat1 v>i$ by beav]1 is ! /&+ food ( ^? :o h got tir$ ( salmon4 ,! delicacies are a moose's nose & a beav]'s tail4 ,s abundant are ! moose on ! ,yukon t ! natives ?9k x h>dly wor? :ile to wa/e p[d] & %ot 9 kill+ !m4 ,:5 an ,indian 9 8 canoe comes ^u a moose swimm+ 9 ! wat]1 he gives *ase until ! creature is fatigu$1 & !n /abs x to ! he>t ) 8 knife4 ,!y h also an +5i\s way ( corrall+ de]4 ,!y build a long elliptical inclosure ( /akes ^u a trail made by ! de]4 ,betwe5 ea* pair ( /akes is a slip-noose4 ,a h]d ( de] is driv5 into ?is inclosure2 !y try to run out betwe5 ! /akes1 get caught by ! nooses1 & s fall a ready prey to ! guns ( ! hunt]s4 ,illu/ration3 #aji4 ,,lip ,,ornam5ts4 ,! native population ( ,alaska is e/imat$ at ab\t #fj1jjj4 ,f ! s\!rn b\nd>y up to ,m\nt ,/4 ,elias & on ! isl&s live ! ,kolos*ians1 e/imat$ at #bj1jjj4 ,!y are ( middl+ /ature1 ( copp]-color$ complexion1 ) r\nd faces1 ?ick lips1 & black hair4 ,! m5 we> v>i\s ornam5ts 9 _! e>s & noses2 ! wom51 :5 "y1 ins]t a piece ( ivory 9 a slit made 9 ! "u lip1 increas+ x 9 size f ye> to ye>1 until at la/ ! ornam5t gets to be f\r in*es wide1 project+ six in*es f ! side ( ! face4 ,! baid>s or canoes ( ! ,kolos*ians are dug out ( a s+le tree1 & w c>ry f twelve to fifty p]sons4 ,!y are usually propell$ by paddles1 ?\gh ^u long voyages !y are rigg$ ) two or m ma/s & sails ( matt+ or canvas4 ,!y1 & inde$ all ( ! tribes1 d n bury _! dead1 b deposit _! rema9s 9 an oblong box rais$ ^u po/s1 ) ! canoe & o!r possessions ( ! deceas$ ov] ! box4 ,illu/ration3 #aaj4 ,a ,,baid>4 ,next nor?w>d ( ! ,kolos*ians come ! ,k5aians1 :o /ret* almo/ across ! cont95t to ,hudson's ,bay4 ,^? liv+ ^u ! ,yukon call !m ,co-yukons1 t is1 ,p ( ! ,great ,riv]1 8,yukon0 9 _! language signify+ riv]4 ,!y are mu* fe>$ by ! surr\nd+ tribes1 & h (t5 giv5 no little tr\ble to _! ,russian ma/]s4 ,_m ( ^! we> a bone ornam5t /uck ?r\gh ! septum ( ! nose4 ,illu/ration3 #aaa4 ,,f\r-,,po/ ,,c(f94 ,! ,aleuts1 :o inhabit ! ,aleutian ,isl&s are1 to a consid]able ext5t1 ( mix$ blood1 ,russian & ,kolos*ian4 ,!y h advanc$ 9 civilization f> beyond any o!r ( ! ,esquimaux race4 ,n a few ( !m h receiv$ a fair education1 & among ! prie/s ( ! ,greek ,*ur* !re are n a few :o g ?r\gh ! s]vice ( ! *ur* 9 ! ,greek language1 ) a full und]/&+ ( ! words ( ! s]vice4 ,illu/ration3 #aab4 ,,tanana ,,indian4 ,q n9e-t5?s ( ! :ole t]ritory ( ,alaska is purely ,arctic1 & is n only un9habit$ b un9habitable4 ,! o!r t5? is n[ sp>sely inhabit$1 & !re is little reason to suppose t ! population w ev] be greatly beyond its pres5t numb]4 ,except 9 special cases1 ! possible population ( a c\ntry is measur$ by its agricultural capacity4 ,leav+ out ( view ! extreme nor!rn p>ts ( ,alaska1 ! be/ acc\nts z yet accessible %[ t at ,/4 ,mi*ael's lettuce1 p>snips1 & turnips c be rais$ by s[+ !m 9 b$s4 ,at ,=t ,yukon potatoes n mu* l>g] ?an *]ries c be rais$4 ,at ,sitka potatoes w gr[ a little l>g]4 ,on "s ( ! isl&s ! inhabitants c ev5 v5ture ^u b>ley4 ,! =e/-trees1 :i* fl\ri% 9 isolat$ p>ts1 w soon be exhau/$1 z f> z any pr(itable use ( !m is conc]n$4 ,fi% & furs con/itute almo/ ! sole value ( ,alaska4 ,! fi%]ies are among ! mo/ valuable 9 ! _w4 ,! furs w soon be exhau/$1 unless prompt measures are tak5 to prev5t ! capture ( fur-be>+ animals 9 ! bre$+ season4 ,,*apt] ,,xxvii4 ,,! ,,esquimaux4 ,_! wide ,ext5sion4--,climate ( ! ,regions !y inhabit4--,_! physical ,appe>ance4--,_! ,dress4--,sn[ ,huts4--,! ,kayak1 or ! ,baid>4--,hunt+ ,app>atus & ,weapons4--,enmity betwe5 ! ,esquimaux & ! ,r$ ,indian4--,! 8,bloody ,falls40--,*ase ( ! ,re9de]4--,bird-cat*+4--,:ale-hunt+4--,v >i\s ,/ratagems employ$ to cat* ! ,seal4--,! 8,keep-kuttuk40--,be>-hunt+4-- ,walrus-hunt+4--,awaklok & ,my\k4--,! ,esquimaux ,dog4--,games & ,sports4--,angekoks4--,moral ,"*4--,self-reliance4-- ,intellig5ce4--,iligliuk4--,comm]cial ,eag]ness ( ! ,esquimaux4--,_! ,voracity4--,seasons ( ,di/ress4 ,( all ! unciviliz$ nations ( ! globe none range ov] a wid] space ?an ! ,esquimaux1 ^: v>i\s tribes ext5d f ,gre5l& & ,labrador1 ov] all ! coa/s ( ,arctic ,am]ica1 to ! ,aleutic *a9 & ! extreme nor?-ea/]n po9t ( ,asia4 ,_m are indep5d5t1 o!rs subject to ! ,russian1 ,dani%1 or ,briti% rule4 ,9 ,baff9's ,bay & ,lanca/] ,s\nd !y acco/ ! :ale-fi%]2 !y meet him 9 ! ,icy ,sea beyond ,b]+'s ,/raits2 & :ile _! mo/ s\!rly tribes dwell z l[ z ! latitude ( ,vi5na1 o!rs soj\rn z high z ! #hj? degree ( nor!rn latitude1 & probably roam ev5 /ill high] on ! /ill undiscov]$ coa/s beyond--a ne>ness to ! pole no o!r race is kn[n to rea*4 ,! old ,sc&9avian settl]s 9 ,gre5l& express$ _! dislike = !m 9 ! contemptu\s "n ( ,skrael+]s 7scream]s or wret*es72 ! seam5 ( ! ,hudson's ,bay %ips1 :o trade annually ) ! natives ( ,nor!rn ,labrador & ! ,savage ,isl&s1 h long call$ !m 8,seymos0 or 8,suckemos10 names evid5tly d]iv$ f ! cries ( 8,seymo10 or 8,teymo10 ) :i* !y greet ! arrival ( ! %ips2 !y speak ( !mselves simply z 8,inuit10 or m54 ,) few exceptions ! :ole ( ! va/ region !y inhabit lies beyond ! extreme/ limits ( =e/ gr[?1 9 ! mo/ desolate & inhospitable c\ntries ( ! globe4 ,! r\gh w9ds ( ! ,pol> ,sea almo/ p]petually bl[ ov] _! bleak doma9s1 & ?us only a few plants ( ! h>de/ nature--li*5s & mosses1 grasses1 saxifragas1 & will[s--are able to subsi/ !re1 & to af=d a scanty supply ( food to a few l& animals & birds4 ,ill inde$ w\ld x f>e ) ! ,esquimaux1 if !y 7 r$uc$ to live ^u ! nigg>dly produce ( ! soil2 b ! sea1 ) its cetaceans & fi%es1 amply provides = _! wants4 ,?us !y are nev] f\nd at any consid]able di/ance f ! ocean1 & !y l9e a consid]able "p ( ! coa/s ( ! ,arctic seas )\t ev] visit+ ! int]ior4 ,x may easily be suppos$ t a race ^: ea/]n bran*es h = sev]al c5turies be5 "u ! influ5ce ( ! ,danes & ,engli%1 :ile 9 ! extreme we/ x has long be5 =c$ to submit to ,russian tyranny1 & ^: c5tral & nor!rn tribes r>ely come into contact ) ,europeans1 mu/ %[ "s v>iety 9 its mann]s & mode ( life1 & t ! same description is n applicable 9 all po9ts to ! disciples ( ! ,moravian bro!rs 9 ,labrador or ,gre5l&1 to ! ,greek-,ca?olic ,aleuts1 & to ! f> m num]\s hea!n ,esquimaux ( cont95tal ,am]ica1 or ( ! va/ ar*ipelago beyond its nor!rn %ores4 ,^u ! :ole1 h[ev]1 x is curi\s to obs]ve h[ exactly1 amid/ all div]sity ( "t & place1 ^! p h pres]v$ unalt]$ _! habits & mann]s4 ,! broad1 flat face1 wide/ j bel[ ! eyes1 ! =ehead g5]ally n>r[ & tap]+ upw>d2 ! eyes n>r[ & m or less oblique2 all indicate a ,mongol or ,t>t> type1 diff]+ greatly f ! features ( ! cont]m9\s ,r$ ,indian tribes4 ,_! complexion1 :5 reliev$ f smoke & dirt1 also approa*es m ne>ly to :ite ?an t ( _! copp]-color$ neighbors4 ,mo/ ( ! m5 are r "u ! m$ium ,engli% size1 b !y c n be said to be a dw>fi% race4 ,?us ,simpson saw 9 ,camd5 ,bay ?ree ,esquimaux :o measur$ f five feet t5 in*es to six feet2 & among ! natives ( ,smi? ,/rait1 ,kane1 a r %ort man1 met ) "o a foot tall] ?an himself4 ,! females1 h[ev]1 are all comp>atively %ort4 ,! ,esquimaux are all rem>kably broad-%\ld]$1 & ?\gh _! muscles are n s firm z ^? ( ! ,european seam51 yet !y surpass 9 bodily /r5g? all ! o!r natives ( ,am]ica4 ,9 bo? sexes ! h&s & feet are rem>kably small & well-=m$4 ,f ex]cise 9 hunt+ ! seal & walrus1 ! muscles ( ! arms & back are mu* develop$ 9 ! m51 :o are moreov] p[]ful wre/l]s4 ,:5 "y1 ! ,esquimaux looks *e]ful & good-humor$1 & ! females exhibit1 :5 laugh+1 a set ( v :ite tee?4 ,c\ld !y be induc$ to wa% _! faces1 _m ( ^! savage beauties w\ld be f\nd to possess a complexion sc>cely a %ade d>k] ?an t ( a deep brunette2 b ?\gh dis9cl9$ to ablutions1 = :i* ! sev]ity ( _! climate may s]ve z an excuse1 !y are f> f neglect+ ! arts ( ! toilette4 ,unlike ! ,h>e ,indian & ,dog-,rib females1 9 :om ! h>d rule ( _! lords & ma/]s has oblit]at$ e trace ( female vanity1 ! ,esquimaux wom5 ta/efully plait _! /raight1 black1 & glossy hair2 & h5ce we may inf] t great] def]5ce is paid to !m by ! m54 ,!y also g5]ally tattoo _! *91 =ehead1 & *eeks1 n1 h[ev]1 z 9 ! ,s\? ,sea ,isl&s1 ) elaborate patt]ns1 b ) a few simple l9es1 :i* h a n unpleas+ effect4 ,f ,b]+'s ,/raits ea/w>d z f> z ! ,mack5zie1 ! males pi]ce ! l[] lip ne> ea* angle ( ! m\?1 & fill ! ap]tures ) labrets ( blue or gre5 qu>tz1 or ( ivory resembl+ buttons4 ,_m also pi]ce ! septum ( ! nose1 & ins]t a d5talium %ell or ivory ne$le4 ,l ! ,r$ ,indians1 !y are fond ( beads1 b _! mo/ common ornam5t consi/s 9 /r+s ( tee? ( ! fox1 wolf1 or musk-ox--sometimes _m hundr$s 9 numb]--:i* are ei!r atta*$ to ! l[] "p ( ! jacket1 or fa/5$ z a belt r\nd ! wai/4 ,_! dress is admirably adapt$ to ! sev]ity ( _! climate4 ,) _! two pair ( bree*es made ( re9de] or seal sk91 ! out] "o hav+ ! hair outside & ! inn] "o next ! body1 & _! two jackets--( :i* ! upp] "o is provid$ ) a great hood--) _! wat]-tight seal-sk9 boots1 l9$ ) ! d[ny sk9s ( birds1 & _! enorm\s gloves1 !y bid defiance to ! sev]e/ cold1 & ev5 9 ! h>de/ wea!r pursue _! occupations 9 ! op5 air :5ev] ! moon is 9 ! sky1 or dur+ ! d\btful m]idian twilight4 ,! wom5 are p]fect 9 ! art ( mak+ wat]-tight %irts1 or 8kamleikas10 ( ! entrails ( ! seal or walrus1 :i* 9 summ] s]ve to replace _! heavy sk9 jackets4 ,!y also sew _! boots s tight t n ! slighte/ wet c p5etrate1 & ) a neatness ( :i* ! be/ %oemak] 9 ,europe might be pr\d4 ,! dress ( ! two sexes is mu* alike1 ! out] jacket hav+ a po9t$ skirt be=e & beh9d1 b t ( ! females is a little long]4 ,! wom5 also we> l>g] hoods1 9 :i* !y c>ry _! *ildr52 & sometimes 7z 9 ,labrador7 ! inn] boot has 9 front a long1 po9t$ flap1 to answ] ! same purpose4 ,! ,esquimaux are equally exp]t 9 ! con/ruction ( _! huts4 ,z soon z ! l5g!n+ days induce ! tribes ab\t ,cape ,ba?ur/ & ! m\? ( ! ,mack5zie to move seaw>d on ! ice to ! seal-hunt1 a m>vell\s sy/em ( ar*itecture comes into use1 unkn[n among any o!r ,am]ican nations4 ,! f9e pure sn[ has by t "t acquir$1 "u ! action ( ! w9ds & fro/s1 suffici5t coh]5ce to =m an admirable light build+ mat]ial1 :i* ! ,esquimaux skillfully employ = ! erection ( mo/ com=table dome-%ap$ h\ses4 ,a circle is fir/ trac$ on ! smoo? surface ( ! sn[1 & slabs = rais+ ! walls cut f )91 s z to cle> a space d[n to ! ice1 :i* is to =m ! floor ( ! dwell+1 & ^: ev5ness 0 previ\sly asc]ta9$ by prob+4 ,! slabs = ! dome are cut f "s neighbor+ spot4 ,! crevices betwe5 ! slabs are plugg$ up1 & ! seams clos$1 by ?r[+ a few %ovelfuls ( loose sn[ ov] ! fabric4 ,two m5 g5]ally "w toge!r1 & :5 ! dome is complet$ ! "o )9 cuts a l[ door & creeps out4 ,! walls be+ only ?ree or f\r in*es ?ick1 admit a v agreeable light1 :i* s]ves = ord9>y purposes2 if m is requir$1 a w9d[ ( transp>5t ice is introduc$4 ,! prop] ?ickness ( ! walls is ( "s importance2 "o ( a few in*es excludes ! w9d1 yet keeps d[n ! damp s z to prev5t dripp+ f ! int]ior4 ,! furniture ( ?is cry/al hut is also =m$ ( sn[ 7! seats1 ! table1 ! sleep+-places71 &1 :5 cov]$ ) sk9s1 is v com=table4 ,by means ( ante*amb]s & por*es1 ) ! op5+ turn$ to leew>d1 w>m? is insur$1 & social int]c\rse facilitat$ by contigu\s build+1 doors ( communication1 & cov]$ passages4 ,by con/ant practice ! ,esquimaux c raise su* huts almo/ z quickly z we c\ld pit* a t5t4 ,:5 ,m',cl9tock = a few nails hir$ f\r ,esquimaux to build a hut = 8 p>ty1 !y complet$ x 9 an h\r1 ?\gh x 0 eight feet 9 diamet] & five & a half feet high4 ,9 spite ( its fragile mat]ials1 ?is sn[-h\se is durable1 = ! w9d has little effect on its dome-l =m1 & x resi/s ! ?aw until ! sun acquires a v consid]able p[]4 ,( c\rse a /rong fire c\ld n possibly be made )91 b su* is n ne$$ by ! ,esquimaux4 ,! tra9-oil lamp suffices to dry 8 wet clo!s & boots :5 he returns f hunt+2 & ! cr[d+ ( ! inmates eng5d]s a suffici5tly high temp]ature to keep him w>m4 ,hav+ also a decid$ pr$ilection = raw fle% & fat1 he requires no great exp5diture ( fuel to cook 8 d9n]4 ,! l[] "p ( 8 dwell+ be+ "u ! surface ( ! sn[1 likewise promotes its w>m?4 ,b ( :atev] mat]ials ! hut ( ! ,esquimaux may be con/ruct$-- ( sn[1 z ,i h j describ$1 or1 z is frequ5tly ! case1 ( /ones1 or e>?1 or drift-wood--ev]y:]e1 f ,b]+'s ,/raits to ,smi? ,s\nd1 x is equally well adapt$ to ! climate & to circum/ances4 ,?us :5 ,dr4 ,scoresby l&$ 9 #ahbb on ! ea/]n coa/ ( ,gre5l&1 he discov]$ "s des]t$ ,esquimaux huts1 :i* gave pro( bo? ( ! sev]ity ( ! climate1 & ( ! +5uity ev9c$ 9 c\nt]act+ its rigors4 ,a horizontal tunnel ab\t fifte5 feet long1 & s l[ z to r5d] x necess>y to creep ?r\gh on h&s & feet1 op5s ) "o end to ! s\?1 & leads ?r\gh ! o!r into ! int]ior ( ! hut4 ,?is rises b little above ! surface ( ! e>?1 &1 z x is g5]ally ov]gr[n ) moss or grass1 is sc>cely to be di/+ui%$ f ! neighbor+ soil4 ,! floor ( ! tunnel is frequ5tly on a level ) t ( ! hut1 b (t5 also x is made to slant d[nw>d & upw>d1 s t ! cold]1 & consequ5tly heavi]1 air )\t is /ill m effectually kept (f f ! w>m] air )92 & ?us ! ,esquimaux1 )\t ev] hav+ /udi$ physics1 make a practical use ( "o ( its fundam5tal laws4 ,b _! mo/ +5i\s inv5tion is unque/ionably t ( ! "o-seat$ boat1 ! 8kayak10 or ! 8baid>40 ,a light1 long1 & n>r[ frame ( wood1 or seal or walrus bone1 is cov]$ wat]-tight ) seal-sk91 leav+ b "o circul> hole 9 ! middle4 ,9 ?is ! ,esquimaux sits ) out/ret*$ legs1 & b9ds a sack 7:i* is =m$ ( ! inte/9es ( ! :ale1 or ( ! sk9s ( "y seals1 & fits 9 ! op5+7 s tightly r\nd 8 middle1 t ev5 9 a heavy sea n a drop ( wat] c p5etrate into ! boat4 ,/rik+ ) 8 light o> 7:i* is paddl$ at ea* extremity7 alt]nately to ! "r & to ! left1 8 spe> or h>poon be=e him1 & ma9ta9+ 8 equilibrium ) all ! dext]ity ( a rope-danc]1 he flies l an arr[ ov] ! wat]2 & %\ld a wave upset him1 he kn[s h[ to "r himself by ! action ( ! paddle4 ,! 8oomiak10 or wom5's boat1 likewise consi/s ( a frame-"w cov]$ ) seal-sk9s1 & is roomy en\gh to hold t5 or twelve p1 ) b5*es = ! wom5 :o r[ or paddle4 ,! ma/ supports a triangul> sail made ( ! entrails ( seals1 & easily di/5d$ by ! w9d4 ,! m5 w\ld consid] x b5ea? _! dignity to r[ 9 "o ( ^! omnibus boats2 !y leave ?is labor entirely to ! wom51 :o1 to ! tact ( a monoton\s song1 sl[ly propel ! oomiak ?r\gh ! wat]4 ,judg+ ( =eign cu/oms by _! own1 ! ,esquimaux betwe5 ! ,mack5zie & ,copp]m9e riv]s made ! /range mi/ake1 z ,sir ,john ,ri*>dson relates1 ( suppos+ t ! ,engli% sailors :om !y saw r[+ 9 company 7 wom54 ,"o ( !m ev5 ask$ :e!r all :ite females _h be>ds4 ,! weapons ( ! ,esquimaux1 & _! v>i\s fi%+ & hunt+ implem5ts1 likewise %[ great +5uity & skill4 ,_! o>s are ta/efully inlaid ) walrus-tee?2 !y h sev]al k9ds ( spe>s or d>ts1 adapt$ to ! size ( ! v>i\s animals :i* !y hunt2 & _! ela/ic b[s1 /rongly b\nd ) /r+s ( seal-gut1 drive a six-foot arr[ ) un]r+ c]ta9ty to a di/ant m>k4 ,to br+ d[n a l>g] animal1 ! %aft is arm$ ) a %>p fl9t or a po9t$ bone2 if int5d$ to /rike a bird1 x is small]1 & blunt$4 ,! h>poons & lances us$ 9 kill+ :ales or seals h long %afts ( wood or ( ! n>:al's too?1 & ! b>b$ po9t is s con/ruct$ t1 :5 ! bl[ takes effect1 x is left /ick+ 9 ! body ( ! animal1 :ile ! %aft atta*$ to x by a /r+ is dis5gag$ f ! socket1 & becomes a buoy ( wood4 ,seal-sk9s1 bl[n up l bladd]s1 are likewise us$ z buoys = ! :ale-spe>s1 be+ adroitly /ripp$ f ! animal s t all ! natural ap]tures are easily made air-tight4 ,) equal indu/ry & skill ! ,esquimaux put to use almo/ e "p ( ! l& & m>9e animals :i* !y *ase4 ,knives1 spe>-po9ts1 & fi%-hooks are made ( ! horns & bones ( ! de]4 ,! ribs ( ! :ale are us$ 9 ro(+ huts or 9 ! con/ruction ( sl$ges1 :]e drift-timb] is sc>ce4 ,/rong cord is made f /rips ( seal-sk9 hide1 & ! s9ews ( musk-ox5 & de] furni% b[-/r+s1 or cord to make nets or sn>es4 ,9 default ( drift-wood1 ! bones ( ! :ale are employ$ = ! con/ruction ( _! sl$ges1 9 pieces fitt$ to ea* o!r ) neatness1 & firmly sew$ toge!r4 ,dur+ ! long conf9em5t to _! huts or 8igloos0 9 ! d>k w9t] mon?s1 ! m5 execute "s v fair figures 9 bone1 & 9 walrus or fossil ivory1 besides mak+ fi%-hooks1 knife-h&les1 & o!r in/rum5ts neatly ( ^! mat]ials1 or ( metal or wood4 ,?us 9 all ^! respects ! ,esquimaux are z sup]ior to ! ,r$ ,indians z !y are 9 /r5g? & p]sonal c\rage2 & yet no ,norwegian c m utt]ly despise ! fil?y ,lapp1 & no or?odox ,mussulman look d[n ) great] contempt ^u a 8gia\r10 ?an ! ,l\*eux or ,*eppewayan ^u ! ,esquimaux1 :o 9 8 eyes is no bett] ?an a brute1 & :om he approa*es only to kill4 ,9 8 8,voyage to ! ,copp]m9e ,riv]0 ,he>ne relates a dreadful in/ance ( ?is blood?ir/y hatr$4 ,! ,indians :o accompani$ him hav+ he>d t "s ,esquimaux _h erect$ _! summ] huts ne> ! m\? ( t riv]1 7 at once seiz$ ) a tig]-l fury4 ,he>ne1 ! only ,european ( ! p>ty1 _h n ! p[] to re/ra9 !m1 & he might z well h attempt$ to t\* ! he>t ( an ice-be> z to move ! murd]\s b& to pity4 ,z craftily & noiselessly z s]p5ts !y drew nigh1 &1 :5 ! midnight sun v]g$ on ! horizon1 ) a dreadful yell !y bur/ on ! huts ( _! unsuspect+ victims4 ,n "o ( !m escap$1 & ! mon/]s delight$ to prolong ! mis]y ( _! dea?-/ruggle by repeat$ w\nds4 ,an old woman _h bo? h] eyes torn out be=e %e receiv$ ! mortal bl[4 ,a "y girl fl$ to ,he>ne = protection1 :o us$ e ef=t to save h]1 b 9 va94 ,9 #ahba "s human skulls ly+ on ! spot /ill bore te/imony to ?is cruel slaught]1 & ! "n ( ! 8,bloody ,falls10 giv5 by ,he>ne to ! sc5e ( ! massacre1 w convey its memory to di/ant ages4 ,no wond] t ! hate ( ! ,esquimaux is no less int5se1 & t !y also pursue ! ,indians1 :]ev] !y c1 ) _! spe>s & arr[s1 l wild bea/s4 8,ye> aft] ye>10 says ,sir ,john ,ri*>dson1 8sees ! ,esquimaux on ! ,pol> coa/ ( ,am]ica occupi$ 9 a uni=m circle ( pursuits4 ,:5 ! riv]s op5 9 spr+1 !y proce$ to ! rapids & falls to spe> ! salmon1 :i* at t season come swimm+ /ream upw>d4 ,at ! same "t1 or e>li] 9 m s\!rn localities1 !y hunt ! re9de]1 :i* drop _! "y on ! coa/s & isl&s :ile ! sn[ is only p>tially melt$4 ,:]e ! op5 c\ntry af=ds ! huntsman no opportunity ( approa*+ 8 game unp]ceiv$1 deep pits are dug 9 ! sn[y rav9es1 & sup]ficially cov]$ ) sn[-tablets4 ,! w9d soon effaces ! traces ( ! human h&1 & ?us _m re9de] are sn>$40 ,9 summ] ! re9de] are kill$ p>tly by driv+ !m f isl&s or n>r[ necks ( l& into ! sea1 & !n spe>+ !m f _! kayaks1 & p>tly by %oot+ !m f beh9d heaps ( /ones rais$ = ! purpose ( wat*+ !m1 & imitat+ _! peculi> bell[ or grunt4 ,among ! v>i\s artifices :i* !y employ = ?is purpose1 "o ( ! mo/ +5i\s consi/s 9 two m5 walk+ directly f ! de] !y wi% to kill1 :5 ! animal almo/ always foll[s !m4 ,z soon z !y arrive at a l>ge /one1 "o ( ! m5 hides beh9d x ) 8 b[1 :ile ! o!r1 cont9u+ to walk on1 soon leads ! de] )9 range ( 8 companion's arr[s4 ,! multitudes ( swans1 ducks1 & geese resort+ to ! morasses ( ! nor!rn coa/s to bre$1 likewise aid 9 supply+ ! ,esquimaux ) food dur+ _! %ort b busy summ] ( two mon?s4 ,= _! de/ruction a v +5i\s in/rum5t has be5 inv5t$4 ,six or eight small balls made ( walrus-too? & pi]c$ 9 ! middle are sep>ately atta*$ to z _m ?ongs ( animal s9ew1 :i* are ti$ toge!r at ! opposite end4 ,:5 ca/ into ! air ! div]g+ balls describe circles--l ! spokes ( a :eel--& woe to ! un=tunate bird t comes )9 _! rea*4 ,on ! coa/s frequ5t$ by :ales1 ! mon? ( ,augu/ is devot$ to ! pursuit ( ^! animals2 a successful *ase insur+ a com=table w9t] to a :ole community4 ,_! capture requires an association ( labor2 h5ce along ! coa/s ( ! ,pol> ,sea ! ,esquimaux unite _! huts into villages1 = ^: site a bold po9t ( coa/ is g5]ally *os51 :]e ! wat] is deep en\gh to float a :ale4 ,:5 "o ( ^! huge creatures is se5 ly+ on ! wat]1 a doz5 kayaks or m cauti\sly paddle up a/]n ( him1 till a s+le canoe1 prec$+ ! re/1 comes close to him on "o qu>t]1 s z to enable ! m5 to drive ! spe> into ! animal ) all ! =ce ( bo? arms4 ,?is spe> has a long l9e ( ?ong & an inflat$ seal-sk9 atta*$ to x4 ,! /rick5 :ale imm$iately dives2 b :5 he re-appe>s aft] "s "t1 all ! canoes aga9 paddle t[>ds him1 "s w>n+ be+ giv5 by ! seal-sk9 buoy float+ on ! surface4 ,ea* man be+ furni%$ l ! fir/1 !y repeat ! bl[ z (t5 z !y f9d an opportunity1 till p]haps e l9e has be5 ?us employ$4 ,aft] *as+ him 9 ?is mann] sometimes = half a day1 he is at l5g? s we>i$ by ! resi/ance ( ! buoys & exhau/$ by loss ( blood z to be oblig$ to rise m & m (t5 to ! surface1 & is f9ally kill$ & t[$ a%ore4 ,?\gh 9 _m p>ts seals are caught at e season ( ! ye>1 yet ! great hunt takes place 9 spr+1 :5 !y play 9 ! op5 lanes ne> ! coa/s1 or come out on ! ice to bask 9 ! sun4 ,9 spite ( _! w>9ess1 !y are no mat* = ! ,esquimaux1 :o h c>efully /udi$ all _! habits f infancy4 ,sometimes ! hunt] approa*es !m by imitat+ _! =ms & motions s p]fectly t ! poor animals are n undeceiv$ until "o ( !m is /ruck ) 8 lance2 or else1 by means ( a :ite scre5 pu%$ =w>d on a sl$ge1 ! hunt] comes )9 range & picks out ! be/-condition$ ( ! b&4 ,z ! season draws ne> midsumm]1 ! seals are m approa*able2 _! eyes be+ s conge/$ by ! gl>e ( ! sun t !y are sometimes ne>ly bl9d4 ,9 w9t] !y are assault$ :ile work+ at _! brea?+-holes or :5 com+ up = respiration4 ,if an ,esquimaux has any reason to suppose t a seal is busy gnaw+ b5ea? ! ice1 he imm$iately atta*es himself to ! place1 & seldom leaves x1 ev5 9 ! sev]e/ fro/1 till he has succe$$ 9 kill+ ! animal4 ,= ?is purpose he fir/ builds a sn[-wall ab\t f\r feet 9 height1 to %elt] him f ! w9d1 & seat+ himself "u ! lee ( x1 deposits 8 spe>s1 l9es1 & o!r implem5ts ^u sev]al little =k$ /icks ins]t$ into ! sn[1 9 ord] to prev5t ! smalle/ noise be+ made 9 mov+ !m :5 want$4 ,b ! mo/ curi\s precaution consi/s 9 ty+ 8 own knees toge!r ) a ?ong s securely z to prev5t any ru/l+ ( 8 clo!s1 :i* might o!rwise al>m ! animal4 ,9 ?is situation a man w sit quietly sometimes = h\rs toge!r1 att5tively li/5+ to any noise made by ! seal1 & sometimes us+ ! 8keep-kuttuk0 9 ord] to asc]ta9 :e!r ! animal is /ill at "w bel[4 ,?is simple little in/rum5t--:i* af=ds ano!r /rik+ pro( ( ,esquimaux +5uity--is m]ely a sl5d] rod ( bone 7z delicate z a f9e wire1 t ! seal may n see x71 nicely r\nd$1 & hav+ a po9t at "o end & a knob at ! o!r4 ,x is ins]t$ into ! ice1 & ! knob rema9+ above ! surface1 in=ms ! fi%]man by its motion :e!r ! seal is employ$ 9 mak+ 8 hole2 if n1 x rema9s undi/urb$1 & ! attempt is giv5 up 9 t place4 ,:5 ! hunt] supposes ! hole to be ne>ly complet$1 he cauti\sly lifts 8 spe> 7to :i* ! l9e has be5 previ\sly atta*$71 & z soon z ! bl[+ ( ! seal is di/9ctly he>d--& ! ice consequ5tly v ?9--he drives x into him ) ! =ce ( bo? arms1 & !n cuts away ) 8 8panna10 or well-%>p5$ knife1 ! rema9+ cru/ ( ice1 to enable him to repeat ! w\nds & get him out4 ,! 8neituk0 7,phoca hispida71 be+ ! smalle/ seal1 is held1 :ile /ruggl+1 ei!r simply by h&1 or by putt+ ! l9e r\nd a spe> ) ! po9t /uck into ! ice4 ,= ! 8oguke0 7,phoca b>bata71 ! l9e is pass$ r\nd ! man's leg or arm2 & = a walrus1 r\nd 8 body1 8 feet be+ at ! same "t firmly set aga9/ a hummock ( ice1 9 :i* position ^! p c1 f habit1 hold aga9/ a v heavy /ra94 ,a boy ( fifte5 is equal to ! kill+ ( a 8neituk10 b x requires a full-gr[n p]son to ma/] ei!r ( ! l>g] animals4 ,?is sport is n )\t ! dang] :i* adds to ! excitem5t ( success1 p>ticul>ly if ! creature /ruck by ! hunt] be a l>ge seal or walrus2 = woe betide him if he does n in/antly plant 8 feet firmly 9 ! ice1 & ?r[ himself 9 su* a position t ! /ra9 on ! l9e is z ne>ly z possible br\ght into ! direction ( ! l5g? ( ! sp9e ( 8 back & axis ( 8 l[] limbs4 ,a transv]se pull f "o ( ^! p[]ful animals w\ld d\ble him up across ! air-hole1 & p]haps break 8 back2 or if ! op5+ be l>ge1 z x (t5 is :5 ! spr+ is advanc$1 he w\ld be dragg$ "u wat] & dr[n$4 ,z ! ,pol> be> is z great a seal-hunt] z ! ,esquimaux1 "o ( ! usual me?ods employ$ by ! latt] to cat* ^! be>s is to imitate ! motions ( ! seal by ly+ flat on ! ice until ! be> approa*es suffici5tly ne> to insure a good aim2 b a gun is necess>y to practise ?is /ratagem ) success4 ,seeman 78,voyage ( ! ,h]ald07 m5tions ano!r +5i\s mode ( captur+ ! be> by tak+ advantage ( ! well-kn[n voracity ( ! animal1 :i* g5]ally swall[s its food )\t mu* ma/ication4 ,a ?ick & /rong piece ( :alebone1 ab\t f\r in*es broad & two feet long1 is roll$ up into a small compass1 & c>efully envelop$ 9 blubb]1 =m+ a r\nd ball4 ,x is !n plac$ 9 ! op5 air at a l[ temp]ature1 :]e x soon becomes h>d & froz54 ,! natives1 arm$ ) _! knives1 b[s1 & arr[s1 toge!r ) ?is froz5 bait1 proce$ 9 que/ ( ! be>4 ,z soon z ! animal is se51 "o ( ! natives dis*>ges an arr[ at x2 ! mon/]1 sm>t+ f ?is assault1 *ases ! p>ty1 !n 9 full retreat1 until1 meet+ ) ! froz5 blubb] dropp$ 9 8 pa?1 he gre$ily swall[s x1 & cont9ues ! pursuit--d\btless fancy+ t !re mu/ be m :]e t came f4 ,! natural heat ( ! body soon causes ! blubb] to ?aw1 :5 ! :alebone1 ?us fre$1 spr+s back1 & frightfully lac]ates ! /oma*4 ,! wri?+ brute falls d[n 9 helpless agony1 & ! ,esquimaux1 hurry+ to ! spot1 soon put an end to 8 suff]+s4 ,! ,esquimaux ( ,smi? ,s\nd hunt ! be> ) ! assi/ance ( _! dogs1 :i* are c>efully tra9$ n to engage 9 conte/ ) ! be>1 b to ret>d 8 flight4 ,:ile "o engrosses 8 att5tion ahead1 a second attacks him 9 ! re>1 always al]t1 & ea* protect+ ! o!r2 & ?us x r>ely happ5s t !y are s]i\sly injur$1 or t !y fail to delay ! animal until _! ma/]s come up4 ,if !re be two hunt]s1 ! be> is kill$ easily2 = "o makes a fe9t ( ?ru/+ a spe> at ! "r side1 & z ! animal turns ) 8 arms t[>ds ! ?reat5$ attack1 ! left is unprotect$1 & receives ! dea?-w\nd4 ,b if ! hunt] is alone1 he grasps ! lance firmly 9 8 h&s1 & provokes ! animal to pursue him by mov+ rapidly across its pa?1 & !n runn+ z if to escape4 ,b h>dly is its long1 unwieldy body ext5d$ = ! *ase1 ?an1 ) a rapid jump1 ! hunt] d\bles on 8 track1 & runs back t[>ds 8 fir/ position4 ,! be> is 9 ! act ( turn+ aft] him aga91 :5 ! lance is plung$ into ! left side bel[ ! %\ld]4 ,s dext]\sly has ?is ?ru/ to be made1 t an unpractis$ hunt] has (t5 to leave 8 spe> 9 ! side ( 8 prey & run = 8 life2 b ev5 !n1 if well-aid$ by ! dogs1 a cool1 skillful man seldom fails to kill 8 adv]s>y4 ,:ile ! seal1 n>:al1 & :ite :ale furni% ! /aple food ( ! m s\!rn ,gre5l&]1 ! walrus is ! *ief res\rce ( ! ,smi? ,s\nd ,esquimaux4 ,! mann] ( hunt+ ?is animal dep5ds mu* on ! season ( ! ye>4 ,9 spr+1 or ! bre$+-season1 :5 ! walrus is 9 8 glory1 he is tak5 9 two ways4 ,sometimes he has ris5 by ! side ( an iceb]g1 :]e ! curr5ts h worn away ! floe1 or ?r\gh a tide crack1 &1 enjoy+ ! sun%9e too long1 f9ds 8 retreat cut (f by ! freez+ up ( ! op5+2 = l ! seal1 ! walrus c only "w f bel[ at 8 brea?+-hole4 ,:5 ?us caught1 ! ,esquimaux1 :o ) ke5 hunt]-craft are sc\r+ ! floes1 sc5t him out by _! dogs & spe> him4 ,frequ5tly ! female & h] calf1 accompani$ by ! grim-visag$ fa!r1 are se5 surg+1 9 lov+ trios1 f crack to crack1 & sport+ 9 ! op5+s4 ,:ile ?us on _! t\r1 !y invite _! vigilant enemies to ! second me?od ( capture4 ,?is also is by ! lance & h>poon2 b x (t5 becomes a regul> battle1 ! male gallantly front+ ! assault1 & *>g+ ! hunt]s ) furi\s brav]y4 ,9 ! fall1 :5 ! pack is b p>tially clos$1 ! walrus are f\nd 9 numb]s1 hang+ ar\nd ! neutral region ( mix$ ice & wat]1 &1 z ?is becomes solid ) ! advance ( w9t]1 foll[+ x m & m to ! s\?4 ,! ,esquimaux at ?is season approa* !m ov] ! "y ice1 & assail !m 9 cracks & holes ) h>poon & l9e4 ,?is fi%]y1 z ! season gr[s cold]1 d>k]1 & m tempe/u\s1 is fe>fully haz>d\s4 ,kane relates h[1 dur+ a "t ( fam9e1 two ( 8 ,esquimaux fri5ds1 ,awaklok & ,my\k1 det]m9$ to seek ! walrus on ! op5 ice4 ,!y succe$$ 9 kill+ a l>ge male1 & 7 return+ to _! village1 :5 a nor? w9d broke up ! ice1 & !y f\nd !mselves afloat4 ,! impulse ( a ,european w\ld h be5 to seek ! l&2 b !y knew t ! drift 0 always mo/ dang]\s on ! coa/1 & urg$ _! dogs t[>ds ! ne>e/ iceb]g4 ,!y rea*$ x aft] a /ruggle1 &1 by great ef=ts1 made good _! l&+1 ) _! dogs & ! half-but*]$ c>cass ( ! walrus4 ,x 0 at ! close ( ! la/ moonlight ( ,decemb]1 & a complete d>kness settl$ ar\nd !m4 ,!y ti$ ! dogs d[n to knobs ( ice1 to prev5t _! los+ _! foo?old1 & pro/rat$ !mselves1 to escape be+ bl[n (f by ! viol5ce ( ! w9d4 ,at fir/ ! sea broke ov] !m1 b !y ga9$ a high] level1 & built a sort ( scre5 ( ice4 ,on ! fif? night aft]w>ds1 s f> z !y c\ld judge1 "o ( ,my\k's feet 0 froz51 & ,awaklok lo/ 8 great toe by fro/ bite4 ,b !y did n lose c\rage1 & ate _! walrus-meat z !y float$ sl[ly to ! s\?4 ,x 0 t[>ds ! close ( ! second moonlight1 aft] a mon?'s imprisonm5t1 su* z only ^! iron m5 c\ld endure1 t !y f\nd ! b]g _h gr\nd$4 ,!y lib]at$ _! dogs z soon z ! "y ice c\ld be> _! weight1 & atta*+ long l9es to !m1 :i* !y cut f ! hide ( ! dead walrus1 !y succe$$ 9 haul+ !mselves ?r\gh ! wat]-space :i* always surr\nds an iceb]g1 & rea*+ safe ice4 ,!y return$ to _! village l m5 rais$ f ! dead1 to meet a welcome1 b to meet fam9e along ) x4 ,9 ! =m ( _! bodies1 _! %ort prick$ e>s1 ?ick furry coat1 & bu%y tail1 ! dogs ( ! ,esquimaux s ne>ly resemble ! wolf ( ^! regions1 t :5 ( a light or br9dl$ color1 !y may easily at a little di/ance be mi/ak5 = t animal2 b an eye accu/om$ to bo?1 p]ceives t ! wolf always keeps 8 head d[n & 8 tail betwe5 8 legs 9 runn+1 :]eas ! dogs almo/ always c>ry _! tails h&somely curl$ ov] ! back4 ,_! hair 9 ! w9t] is f ?ree to f\r in*es long2 b besides ?is nature furni%es !m dur+ ?is rigor\s season ) a ?ick "u-coat+ ( close1 s(t wool1 :i* enables !m to brave ! mo/ inclem5t wea!r4 ,!y d n b>k1 b h a long melan*oly h[l1 l t ( ! wolf4 ,:5 draw+ a sl$ge1 !y h a simple h>ness ( de] or seal sk9 go+ r\nd ! neck by "o bight1 & ano!r = ea* ( ! =e legs1 ) a s+le ?ong lead+ ov] ! back1 & atta*$ to ! sl$ge z a trace4 ,?\gh !y appe> at fir/ sight to be huddl$ toge!r )\t reg>d to regul>ity1 consid]able att5tion is really paid to _! arrangem5t1 p>ticul>ly 9 ! selection ( a dog ( peculi> _s & sagacity1 :o is all[$ by a long] trace to prec$e ! re/ z lead]1 & to :om1 9 turn+ to ! "r or left1 ! driv] usually addresses himself1 us+ c]ta9 words z ! c>t]s d ) u4 ,to ^! a good lead] att5ds ) admirable precision 7especially if 8 own "n be repeat$ at ! same "t71 look+ beh9d ov] 8 %\ld] ) great e>ne/ness1 z if li/5+ to ! directions ( ! driv]1 :o sits q l[ on ! =e "p ( ! sl$ge1 8 :ip 9 h&1 & 8 feet ov]hang+ ! sn[ on "o side4 ,on r\gh gr\nd1 z among hummocks ( ice1 ! sl$ge w\ld be frequ5tly ov]turn$ if ! driv] did n repeat$ly get (f1 &1 by lift+ or draw+ x to "o side1 /e] x cle> ( ^? ob/acles4 ,at all times1 inde$1 except on a smoo? & well-made road1 he is pretty con/antly employ$ ?us ) 8 feet1 & ?is1 toge!r ) 8 nev]-ceas+ vocif]ations & frequ5t use ( ! :ip1 r5d]s ! driv+ ( "o ( ^! vehicles by no means a pleasant or easy task4 8,! :ip10 says ,kane1 :o f assidu\s practice at l5g? atta9$ a consid]able pr(ici5cy 9 its use1 8is six y>ds long1 & ! h&le b sixte5 in*es--a %ort lev] to ?r[ out su* a l5g? ( seal-hide4 ,le>n to d x1 h[ev]1 ) a ma/]ly sweep1 or else make up y\r m9d to =ego driv+ sl$ges2 = ! dogs are guid$ solely by ! la%1 & y mu/ be able to hit n only any p>ticul> dog ( a team ( twelve1 b to accompany ! feat also ) a res\nd+ crack4 ,aft] ?is y f9d t1 to get y\r la% back1 involves ano!r difficulty2 = x is apt to entangle itself among ! dogs & l9es1 or to fa/5 itself cunn+ly r\nd bits ( ice1 s z to drag y head ov] heels into ! sn[4 ,! secret by :i* ?is complicat$ set ( requirem5ts is fulfill$ consi/s 9 prop]ly describ+ an arc f ! %\ld] ) a /iff elb[1 giv+ ! j]k to ! :ip-h&le f ! h& & wri/ alone4 ,! la% trails beh9d z y travel1 & :5 ?r[n =w>d is all[$ to ext5d itself )\t an ef=t to br+ x back4 ,y wait pati5tly1 aft] giv+ ! projectile impulse1 until x unw9ds its sl[ l5g?1 rea*es ! end ( its te!r1 & cracks to tell y t x is at its j\rney's end4 ,su* a crack on ! e> or =e foot ( an un=tunate dog is signaliz$ by a h[l q unmi/akable 9 its import40 ,! m]e labor ( us+ ?is :ip is su* t ! ,esquimaux travel 9 c\ples1 "o sl$ge aft] ! o!r4 ,! h9d] dogs foll[ me*anically1 & ?us require no :ip2 & ! driv]s *ange ab\t s z to re/ ea* o!r4 ,9 ! summ]1 :5 ! abs5ce ( sn[ prev5ts ! use ( sl$ges1 ! dogs are /ill made useful1 on j\rneys & hunt+ excursions1 by be+ employ$ to c>ry burd5s 9 a k9d ( saddle-bags laid across _! %\ld]s4 ,a /\t dog ?us acc\tr$ w accompany 8 ma/] lad5 ) a weight ( ab\t tw5ty or tw5ty-five p\nds4 ,! sc5t ( ! ,esquimaux dog is excell5t1 & ?is prop]ty is turn$ to acc\nt 9 f9d+ ! seal-holes1 :i* !y w discov] entirely by ! smell at a v great di/ance4 ,! track ( a s+le de] ^u ! sn[ w 9 l mann] set !m (f at full gallop at lea/ a qu>t] ( a mile be=e !y arrive at x1 & ) ! same alacrity !y pursue ! be> or ! musk-ox4 ,inde$1 ! only animal :i* !y are n eag] to *ase is ! wolf1 ( :i* !y seem to h an in/9ctive dread1 giv+ notice at night ( _! approa* to ! huts by a l\d & cont9u$ h[l4 ,9 spite ( _! invaluable s]vices1 !y are treat$ ) great sev]ity by _! ma/]s1 :o nev] c>ess !m1 &1 inde$1 sc>cely ev] take any notice ( !m except to puni% !m4 ,b not)/&+ ?is r\gh treatm5t1 ! atta*m5t ( ! dogs to _! ma/]s is v great1 & ?is !y display1 aft] a %ort abs5ce1 by jump+ up & lick+ _! faces all ov] ) extreme delight4 ,x may be suppos$ t among s *e]ful a p z ! ,esquimaux !re are _m games or sports practis$4 ,"o ( _! exhibitions consi/s 9 mak+ hide\s faces by draw+ bo? lips into ! m\?1 pok+ =w>d ! *91 squ9t+ frightfully1 occasionally %utt+ "o eye1 & mov+ ! head f side to side z if ! neck _h be5 dislocat$4 ,ano!r p]=mance consi/s 9 repeat+ c]ta9 words ) a guttural tone resembl+ v5triloquism1 />+ at ! same "t 9 su* a mann] z to make _! eyes appe> ready to bur/ out ( _! sockets ) ! ex]tion4 ,two or m w sometimes /& up face to face1 &1 ) great quickness & regul>ity1 respond to ea* o!r1 keep+ su* exact "t t ! s\nd appe>s to come f "o ?roat in/ead ( sev]al4 ,!y are fond ( music1 bo? vocal & in/rum5tal1 b _! s++ is n mu* bett] ?an a h[l4 ,! ,esquimaux h nei!r magi/rates nor laws1 yet !y are ord]ly 9 _! conduct t[>ds ea* o!r4 ,! con/itution ( _! society is patri>*al1 b !re is no recognition ( ma/]%ip except su* z may be claim$ by sup]ior pr[ess4 ,! rule ( ! head ( a family la/s only z long z he has vigor en\gh to secure success 9 hunt+4 ,:5 8 p[]s ( m9d & body are impair$ by age1 he at once s9ks 9 ! social scale1 associates ) ! wom51 & takes 8 seat 9 ! oomiak4 ,!y r>ely qu>rel among !mselves1 & settle _! disputes ei!r by box+1 ! p>ties sitt+ d[n & /rik+ bl[s alt]nately until "o ( !m gives 91 or be=e a c\rt ( honor1 :]e1 aft] ! accus] & ! accus$ h ri*ly abus$ & ridicul$ ea* o!r1 ! case is decid$ by ! prie/s or 8angekoks40 ,^! wond]-work]s1 :o enjoy a great reputation z sorc]]s1 soo?say]s1 or m$ic9e-m51 employ v5triloquism1 swall[ knives1 extract /ones f v>i\s p>ts ( _! bodies1 & use o!r deceptions to impress _! dupes ) a high op9ion ( _! sup]natural p[]s4 ,l ! memb]s ( ! le>n$ pr(essions else:]e1 !y h a c]ta9 language or j>gon ( _! own1 9 :i* !y communicate ) ea* o!r4 ,! hea!n ,esquimaux d n appe> to h any idea ( ! exi/5ce ( "o ,supreme ,be+1 b believe 9 a numb] ( spirits1 ) :om on c]ta9 occasions ! angekoks pret5d to hold my/]i\s int]c\rse4 ,ev5 9 ,old ,gre5l& ! influ5ce & tea*+s ( ! mission>ies h n entirely oblit]at$ ! old sup]/itions1 & ! my/]ies ( ! angekok1 ?\gh n op5ly recogniz$ ne> ! ,dani% settlem5ts1 /ill hold _! secret p[] ov] _m a native :o is pr(ess$ly a ,*ri/ian4 ,capta9 ,hall highly praises ! good-nature ( ! ,esquimaux2 b 9 _! behavior to ! old & infirm !y betray ! ins5sibility1 or r inhumanity1 commonly f\nd among savage nations1 frequ5tly ab&on+ !m to _! fate on _! j\rneys1 & all[+ !m to p]i% 9 ! wild]ness4 ,among !mselves 8,tiglikpok0 7he is a ?ief7 is a t]m ( reproa*1 b !y /eal )\t scruple f /rang]s1 & are n a%am$ :5 detect$1 nor d !y blu% :5 reprov$4 ,p>ry taxes !m ) want ( gratitude2 & ?\gh !y h no d\bt r5d]$ good s]vices to _m ( our ,arctic navigators1 yet sometimes1 :5 !y fanci$ !mselves ! /rong] p>ty1 !y h n hesitat$ to attack or to murd] ! /rang]s1 & _! good behavior c only be reli$ ^u z long z !re is ! p[] ( en=c+ x4 ,"o ( ! mo/ amiable traits ( _! "* is ! k9dness ) :i* !y treat _! *ildr51 ^: g5tl5ess & docility are su* z to occasion _! p>5ts little tr\ble1 & to r5d] sev]ity t[>ds !m q unnecess>y4 ,ev5 f _! e>lie/ infancy !y possess t quiet disposition1 g5tl5ess ( demeanor1 & uncommon ev5ness ( temp] = :i*1 9 mature age1 !y are = ! mo/ "p di/+ui%$4 8,!y are j z fond ( play10 says ,p>ry1 8z any o!r "y p1 & ( ! same k9d1 only t :ile an ,engli% *ild draws a c>t ( wood1 an ,esquimaux ( ! same age has a sl$ge ( :alebone2 & = ! sup]b baby-h\se ( ! =m]1 ! latt] builds a m9iature hut ( sn[1 & begs a light$ wick f h] "m's lamp to illum9ate ! little dwell+40 ,:5 n m ?an eight ye>s old1 ! boys are tak5 by _! fa!rs on _! seal+ excursions1 :]e !y beg9 to le>n _! future bus9ess2 & ev5 at t e>ly age !y are occasionally intru/$ to br+ home a sl$ge & dogs f a di/ance ( sev]al miles ov] ! ice4 ,at ! age ( elev5 we see a boy ) 8 wat]-tight boots1 a spe> 9 8 h&1 & a small coil ( l9e at 8 back1 accompany+ ! m5 to ! fi%]y "u e circum/ance2 & f ?is "t 8 s]vices daily increase 9 value to ! :ole tribe4 ,9 intellig5ce & susceptibility ( civilization ! ,esquimaux are f> sup]ior to ! neighbor+ ,indians4 ,!y h su* a good idea ( ! hydrography & be>+s ( ! sea-coa/s :i* !y frequ5t z to draw accurate *>ts ( !m4 ,?us ,p>ry1 9 8 second voyage1 0 guid$ 9 8 op]ations by ! sket*es ( ! tal5t$ ,iligliuk2 & :ile ,bee*ey 0 at ,kotzebue ,s\nd1 ! natives con/ruct$ a *>t ( ! coa/ ^u ! s&1 fir/ m>k+ out ! coa/-l9e ) a /ick1 & regulat+ ! di/ance by ! day's j\rney4 ,! hills & ranges ( m\nta9s 7 next %[n by elevations ( s& or /one1 & ! isl&s repres5t$ by heaps ( pebbles1 _! proportions be+ duly att5d$ to4 ,:5 ! m\nta9s & isl&s 7 erect$1 ! villages & fi%+-/ations 7 m>k$ by a numb] ( /icks plac$ upright1 9 imitation ( ^? :i* are put up on ! coa/ :]ev] ^! p fix _! abode4 ,9 ?is mann] a complete hydrographical plan 0 drawn f ,cape ,d]by to ,cape ,krus5/]n4 ,! ,esquimaux h a decid$ pr$ilection = comm]cial pursuits1 & und]take long voyages = ! purposes ( trade4 ,?us on ! cont95tal l9e ( coa/ we/ ( ! ,mack5zie1 ! ,po9t ,b>r[ ,esquimaux proce$ e summ]1 ) sl$ges lad5 ) :ale or seal oil1 :alebone1 walrus-tusks1 ?ongs ( walrus hide1 & seal-sk9s1 to ! ,colville ,riv]1 :]e !y meet ! ,esquimaux f ,kotzebue ,s\nd1 :o (f] !m 9 ex*ange articles procur$ f ! ,t*ukt*i 9 ! previ\s summ]1 su* z iron & copp] kettles1 knives1 tobacco1 beads1 & t9 = mak+ pipes4 ,ab\t t5 days are sp5t 9 b>t]+1 danc+1 & revelry1 on ! flat gr\nd betwe5 ! t5ts ( ea* p>ty1 pit*$ a b[-%ot ap>t4 ,! "t is "o ( pleasant excitem5t1 & is pass$ ne>ly )\t sleep4 ,ab\t ,july #bj ?is fri5dly meet+ is at an end3 ! ,kotzebue ,s\nd ,esquimaux asc5d ! ,colville on _! way homew>d1 :ile ^? f ,po9t ,b>r[ desc5d to ! sea1 to pursue _! voyage ea/w>d to ,b>t] ,reef1 :]e !y obta9 9 traffic f ! ea/]n ,esquimaux v>i\s sk9s1 /one lamps1 ,engli% knives1 small :ite beads1 &1 lately1 guns & ammunition1 :i* 9 ! ye> foll[+ !y ex*ange = ! ,kotzebue ,s\nd articles at ! ,colville1 along ) ! produce ( _! own sea-hunts4 ,9 ?is mann]1 articles ( ,russian manufacture1 orig9ally pur*as$ at ! fair ( ,o/r[noje by ! ,t*ukt*i1 or f ! factors ( ! ,russian ,fur ,company on ,sl$ge ,isl&1 9 ,b]+'s ,/raits1 f9d _! way f tribe to tribe along ! ,am]ican coa/ z f> z ,repulse ,bay1 & compete among ! tribes ( ! ,mack5zie ) articles f ,%effield or ,birm+ham4 ,a hunt]'s life is always prec>i\s--a con/ant alt]nation betwe5 abundance & want2 & ?\gh ! ,esquimaux /rikes _m a seal1 :ite-fi%1 or walrus 9 ! c\rse ( ! ye>1 yet ^! animals d n ab\nd at all seasons1 & !re are o!r causes1 besides improvid5ce1 :i* soon exhau/ ! /ores laid by 9 times ( abundance4 ,active ex]cise & con/ant exposure to cold are rem>kable promot]s ( atomic *ange 9 ! human body1 & a v l>ge supply ( food is absolutely necess>y to c\nt]balance ! effects ( a rapid organic combu/ion4 ,z a matt] ( curiosity1 ,p>ry once tri$ h[ mu* an ,esquimaux lad w\ld1 if freely suppli$1 consume 9 ! c\rse ( a day4 ,! foll[+ articles 7 weigh$ be=e be+ giv5 to him3 he 0 tw5ty h\rs 9 gett+ ?r\gh !m1 & c]ta9ly did n consid] ! quantity extraord9>y4 lbs4 oz4 ,sea-horse fle%1 h>d froz5 #d #d 0 0 boil$ #d #d ,bread & bread-du/ #a #ab ------- ,total ( solids #aj #d ,! fluids 7 9 fair proportion1 viz41 ri* gravy s\p1 #a p9t2 raw spirits1 #c w9e-glasses2 /rong grog1 #a tumbl]2 wat]1 #a gallon #a p9t4#ae ,kane av]ages ! ,esquimaux ration 9 a season ( pl5ty at eight or t5 p\nds a day1 ) s\p & wat] to ! ext5t ( half a gallon1 & f9ds 9 ?is excessive consumption--:i* is r a necessity ( _! peculi> life & organization ?an ! result ( gluttony-- ! true explanation ( ! sc>city f :i* !y frequ5tly suff]4 ,9 times ( abundance !y hunt indomitably )\t ! loss ( a day1 & /[ away l>ge quantities ( meat4 ,an excavation is made ei!r on ! ma9l&--or1 :at is pref]r$1 on an isl& inaccessible to foxes--& ! fle% is /ack$ inside & cov]$ ) heavy /ones4 ,"o su* ca*e :i* ,kane met on a small isl& conta9$ ! fle% ( t5 walruses1 & he knew ( o!rs equally l>ge4 ,b by _! anci5t cu/om1 all %>e ) all2 & z !y migrate 9 numb]s z _! necessities prompt1 ! tax on ea* p>ticul> settlem5t is n seldom s excessive t ev5 consid]able /ores are unable to )/& ! dra91 & soon make way = p9*+ hung]1 & ev5 fam9e4 ,,*apt] ,,xxviii4 ,,! ,,fur-,,trade ,,( ,,! ,,hudson',s ,,bay ,,t]ritories4 ,! ,c\reur des ,bois4--,! ,voyageur4--,! ,bir*-b>k ,canoe4-- ,! ,canadian ,fur-trade 9 ! la/ ,c5tury4--,! ,hudson's ,bay ,company4--,bloody ,feuds betwe5 ! ,nor?-we/ ,company ( ,canada & ! ,hudson's ,bay ,company4--,_! ,amalgamation into a new ,company 9 #ahba4--,recon/ruction ( ! ,hudson's ,bay ,company 9 #ahfc4--;,=ts or ,h\ses4--,! ,attihawmeg4--,influ5ce ( ! ,company on its savage ,dep5d5ts4--,! ,black ,be>1 or ,b>ibal4-- ,! ,br[n ,be>4--,! ,grizzly ,be>4--,! ,raccoon4--,! ,am]ican ,glutton4--,! ,p9e ,m>t54--,! ,pekan1 or ,wood%ock4--,! ,*+a4--,! ,m9k4--,! ,canadian ,fi%-ott]4--,! ,cross$ ,fox4-- ,! ,black or ,silv]y ,fox4--,! ,canadian ,lynx1 or ,pi%u4--,! ,ice-h>e4--,! ,beav]4--,! ,musqua%4 ,z ! desire to rea* ,india by ! %orte/ road fir/ made ! civiliz$ _w acqua9t$ ) ! ea/]n coa/ ( ,nor? ,am]ica1 s ! ext5sion ( ! fur-trade has be5 ! *ief1 or r ! only1 motive :i* orig9ally l$ ! foot/eps ( ! :ite man f ! ,canadian ,lakes & ! bord]s ( ,hudson's ,bay into ! remote int]ior ( t va/ cont95t4 ,! fir/ ,european fur-trad]s 9 ,nor? ,am]ica 7 ,fr5* ,canadians-- c\reurs des bois--a fitt+ surname = m5 habituat$ to an ,indian =e/-life4 ,?ree or f\r ( ^! 8irregul> spirits0 agree+ to make an exp$ition into ! backwoods w\ld set out 9 _! bir*-b>k canoe1 lad5 ) goods receiv$ on tru/ f a m]*ant1 = a voyage ( great dang] & h>d%ip1 x might be ( sev]al ye>s1 into ! wild]ness4 ,on _! return ! m]*ant :o _h giv5 !m cr$it ( c\rse receiv$ ! lion's %>e ( ! sk9s ga!r$ among ! ,hurons or ! ,iroquois2 ! small portion left z a recomp5se = _! own labor 0 soon sp5t1 z sailors sp5d _! h>d-e>n$ wages on _! arrival 9 port2 & !n !y />t$ on "s new adv5ture1 until f9ally old age1 infirmities1 or dea? prev5t$ _! revisit+ ! =e/4 ,! mod]n 8voyageur10 :o has usurp$ ! place ( ! old 8c\reurs10 is s l !m 9 mann]s & mode ( life1 t to "k ! "o is to become acqua9t$ ) ! o!r4 ,9 %ort1 ! voyageur is m]ely a c\reur subject to /rict law & s]v+ = a fix$ pay2 :ile ! c\reur 0 a voyageur trad+ at 8 own risk & p]il1 & ackn[l$g+ no control :5 once beyond ! pale ( ,european colonization4 ,! camel is frequ5tly call$ ! 8%ip ( ! des]t10 & ) equal ju/ice ! bir*-b>k canoe might be nam$ ! 8camel ( ! ,nor? ,am]ican wilds40 ,= if we consid] ! riv]s :i*1 cov]+ ! l& l a net-"w1 are ! only art]ies ( communication2 ! frequ5t rapids & cat>acts2 ! %all[ wat]s fl[+ ov] a /ony gr\nd ^: %>p angles w\ld infallibly cut to pieces any boat made ( wood2 & f9ally ! surr\nd+ des]ts1 :]e1 9 case ( an accid5t1 ! travell] is left to 8 own res\rces1 we mu/ come to ! conclusion t 9 su* a c\ntry no int]c\rse c\ld possibly be c>ri$ on )\t a boat made ( mat]ials at once flexible & t\gh1 & capable moreov] ( be+ easily repair$ )\t ! aid ( hamm] & nails1 ( saw & plane4 ,?is invaluable mat]ial is suppli$ by ! r9d ( ! pap]-bir*1 a tree ^: uses 9 ! ,hudson's ,bay t]ritories are almo/ z manifold z ^? ( ! palm-trees ( ! tropical zone4 ,:]e ! sk9s ( animals are r>e1 ! pliant b>k1 peel$ (f 9 l>ge pieces1 s]ves to cov] ! ,indian's t5t4 ,c>efully sewn toge!r1 & ornam5t$ ) ! quills ( ! porcup9e1 x is made into baskets1 sacks1 di%es1 plates1 & dr9k+-cups1 & 9 fact is1 9 "o ^w1 ! *ief mat]ial ( :i* ! h\sehold articles ( ! ,crees are =m$4 ,! wood s]ves = ! manufacture ( o>s1 sn[-%oes1 & sl$ges2 & 9 spr+ ! sap ( ! tree furni%es an agreeable bev]age1 :i*1 by boil+1 may be inspissat$ into a sweet syrup4 ,beyond ! ,arctic ,circle ! pap]-bir* is a r>e & crook$ tree1 b x is met ) z a %rub z f> z #fi ,n4 lat4 ,x gr[s to p]fection on ! nor!rn %ores ( ,lake ,sup]ior1 ne> ,=t ,william1 :]e ! canoes ( ! ,hudson's ,bay ,company are *iefly manufactur$4 ,a bir*-b>k canoe is betwe5 ?irty & =ty feet long1 & ! r9ds ( :i* x is built are sewn toge!r ) filam5ts ( ! root ( ! ,canadian fir4 ,9 case ( a hole be+ knock$ into x dur+ ! j\rney1 x c be pat*$ l an old coat1 & is !n z good z new4 ,z x has a flat bottom1 x does n s9k deep into ! wat]2 & ! riv] mu/ be almo/ dri$ up :i* c\ld n c>ry su* a boat4 ,! c>go is divid$ into bales or p>cels ( f #ij to #ajj p\nds2 & al?\gh x frequ5tly am\nts to m ?an f\r tons1 yet ! canoe itself is s light t ! crew c easily transport x ^u _! %\ld]s4 ,?is crew g5]ally consi/s ( eight or t5 m51 two ( :om mu/ be exp]i5c$ boatm51 :o receive d\ble pay1 & are plac$ "o at ! helm1 ! o!r at ! poop4 ,:5 ! w9d is fair1 a sail is unfurl$1 & s]ves to light5 ! toil4 ,! ,canadian voyageur comb9es ! light-he>t$ness ( ! ,fr5*man ) ! apa?y ( ! ,indian1 & 8 dress is also a mixture ( t ( ! ,r$-sk9s & ( ! ,european coloni/s4 ,frequ5tly he is himself a mixture ( ,gallic & ,indian blood--a s-call$ 8bois-brl10 & 9 ?is case d\bly light-he>t$ & unruly4 ,) 8 wooll5 blanket z a surcoat1 8 %irt ( /rip$ cotton1 8 pantaloons ( clo?1 or 8 ,indian /ock+s ( lea!r1 8 moccas9s ( de]-sk91 & 8 sa% ( gaudily-dy$ wool1 9 :i* 8 knife1 8 tobacco-bag1 & v>i\s o!r ut5sils are /uck1 he /&s high 9 8 own e/eem4 ,8 language is a ,fr5* j>gon1 ri*ly int]l>d$ ) ,indian & ,engli% words--a jumble fit to drive a gramm>ian mad1 b :i* he ?9ks s euphoni\s t 8 tongue is sc>cely ev] at re/4 ,8 supply ( songs & anecdotes is inexhau/ible1 & he is always ready = a dance4 ,8 polit5ess is exempl>y3 he nev] calls 8 comrades o!rwise ?an 8mon frre10 & 8mon c\s940 ,x is h>dly necess>y to rem>k t he is able to h&le 8 boat ) ! same ease z an exp]t rid] manages 8 horse4 ,:5 aft] a h>d day's "w !y re/ = ! night1 ! axe is imm$iately at "w 9 ! ne>e/ =e/1 & 9 less ?an t5 m9utes ! t5t is erect$ & ! kettle simm]+ on ! fire4 8,:ile ! pass5g]s--p]haps "s *ief trad] on a voyage to "s di/ant =t1 or a ,back or a ,ri*>dson on 8 way to ! ,pol> ,ocean--are w>m+ or dry+ !mselves1 ! indefatigable 8voyageurs0 drag ! unload$ canoe a%ore1 turn x ov]1 & exam9e x c>efully1 ei!r to fa/5 aga9 "s loose /it*es1 or to pa9t ov] "s damag$ "p ) fre% res94 ,"u ! cov] ( _! boat1 :i* !y turn aga9/ ! w9d1 & ) a flam+ fire 9 ! =egr\nd1 !y !n bid defiance to ! wea!r4 ,at "o o'clock 9 ! morn+ 8,lve6 lve6 lve60 is call$2 9 half an h\r ! encampm5t is brok5 up1 & ! boat relad5 & laun*$4 ,at eight 9 ! morn+ a halt is made = breakfa/1 = :i* ?ree-qu>t]s ( an h\r are all[$4 ,ab\t two 9 ! aft]noon half an h\r's re/ suffices = a cold d9n]4 ,eighte5 h\rs' "w & six h\rs' re/ make out ! day4 ,! labor is incr$ible2 yet ! 8voyageur0 n only supports x )\t a murmur1 b ) ! utmo/ *e]fulness4 ,su* a life requires1 ( c\rse1 an iron con/itution4 ,9 r[+1 ! arms & brea/ ( ! 8voyageur0 are ex]t$ to ! utmo/2 & 9 %all[ places he drags ! boat aft] him1 wad+ up to ! knees & ?ighs 9 ! wat]4 ,:]e he is oblig$ to =ce 8 way aga9/ a rapid1 ! drag-rope mu/ be pull$ ov] rocks & /umps ( trees1 ?r\gh swamps & ?ickets2 & at ! portages ! c>go & ! boat h to be c>ri$ ov] execrable roads to ! next navigable wat]4 ,!n ! 8voyageur0 takes ^u 8 back two packages1 ea* weigh+ #ij p\nds1 & atta*$ by a lea!rn belt runn+ ov] ! =ehead1 t 8 h&s may be free to cle> ! way2 & su* portages sometimes occur t5 or elev5 times 9 "o day4 ,= ^! toils ( 8 w&]+ life he has _m comp5sations1 9 ! ke5 appetite1 ! g5ial s5sation ( muscul> /r5g?1 & ! fl[ ( spirits eng5d]$ by labor 9 ! pure & brac+ air4 ,surely _m w\ld r brea! ) ! 8voyageur0 ! fragrance ( ! p9e =e/1 or %>e 8 re/ ^u ! bord]s ( ! /ream1 ?an lead ! monoton\s life ( an artisan1 p5t up 9 ! impure atmosph]e ( a city4 ,dur+ ! fir/ p]iod ( ! ,am]ican fur-trade ! 8c\reurs des bois0 us$ to set out on _! adv5tur\s exp$itions f ! village 8,la ,*9e10 "o ( ! olde/ & mo/ fam\s settlem5ts 9 ,canada1 ^: "n po9ts to a "t :5 ! ,/4 ,lawr5ce 0 /ill suppos$ to be ! ne>e/ way to ,*9a4 ,h[ f> "s ( !m may h p5etrat$ into ! int]ior ( ! cont95t is unkn[n2 b s mu* is c]ta91 t _! regul> exp$itions ext5d$ z f> z ! ,saskat*ewan1 #bejj miles beyond ! remote/ ,european settlem5ts4 ,sev]al factories or =ts protect$ _! int]e/s on ! banks ( t noble riv]2 & ! ,fr5* w\ld no d\bt h ext5d$ _! dom9ion to ! ,rocky ,m\nta9s or to ! ,pacific if ! conque/ ( ,canada by ,engl&1 9 #agfa1 _h n completely revolutioniz$ ! fur-trade4 ,! *ange ( dom9ion laid x pro/rate = sev]al ye>s1 b our ent]pris+ c\ntrym5 soon op5$ a pr(itable int]c\rse ) ! ,indian tribes ( ! we/1 z _! pr$ecessors _h done be=e !m4 ,n[1 h[ev]1 ! adv5tur\s 8c\reur des bois10 :o _h ent]$ ! wilds z a semi-indep5d5t trad]1 0 oblig$ to s]ve 9 ! pay ( ! ,briti% m]*ant1 & to foll[ him1 z 8 8voyageur10 deep] & deep] into ! wild]ness1 until f9ally !y rea*$ on ! ,a?abasca & ! ,*ur*ill ,riv] ! ,indian hunt]s :o us$ to sell _! sk9s 9 ! settlem5ts ( ! ,hudson's ,bay ,company4 ,?is company 0 f\nd$ 9 ! ye> #afgj by a body ( adv5tur]s & m]*ants "u ! patronage ( ,pr9ce ,rup]t1 second c\s9 ( ,*>les ,,ii4 ,! *>t] obta9$ f ! ,cr[n 0 wond]fully lib]al1 compris+ n only ! grant ( ! exclusive trade1 b also ( full t]ritorial possession to all p]petuity ( ! va/ l&s )9 ! wat]%$ ( ,hudson's ,bay4 ,! ,company at once e/abli%$ "s =ts along ! %ores ( ! great inl& sea f :i* x d]iv$ its "n1 & op5$ a v lucrative trade ) ! ,indians1 s t x nev] ceas$ pay+ ri* divid5ds to ! =tunate %>ehold]s until t[>ds ! close ( ! la/ c5tury1 :51 z ,i h already m5tion$1 its prosp]ity began to be s]i\sly affect$ by ! en]getic competition ( ! ,canadian fur-trad]s4 ,9 spite ( ! fl\ri%+ /ate ( its affairs1 or r because ! monopoly :i* x enjoy$ all[$ x to prosp] )\t ex]tion1 ! ,company1 z long z ,canada rema9$ 9 ,fr5* h&s1 _h conduct$ its affairs 9 a v indol5t mann]1 wait+ = ! ,indians to br+ ! produce ( _! *ase to ! ,hudson's ,bay settlem5ts1 in/ead ( foll[+ !m into ! int]ior & /imulat+ !m by (f]+ great] facilities = ex*ange4 ,= eighty ye>s aft] its f\ndation ! ,company possess$ no m ?an f\r small =ts on ! %ores ( ,hudson's ,bay2 & only :5 ! encroa*m5ts ( ! ,canadians at l5g? r\s$ x f its torpor1 did x resolve likewise to advance into ! int]ior1 & to e/abli% a =t on ! ea/]n %ore ( ,/urgeon ,lake1 9 ! ye> #aggd4 ,up to ?is "t1 ) ! exception ( ! voyage ( discov]y :i* ,he>ne 7#aggj-ga7 made "u its auspices to ! m\? ( ! ,copp]m9e ,riv]1 x _h done b little = ! promotion ( geographical discov]y 9 its va/ t]ritory4 ,mean:ile ! ,canadian fur-trad]s _h become s hateful to ! ,indians t ^! savages =m$ a conspiracy = _! total extirpation4 ,=tunately = ! :ite m51 ! small-pox broke out ab\t ?is "t among ! ,r$sk9s1 & swept !m away z ! fire consumes ! p>*$ grass ( ! prairies4 ,_! unburi$ corpses 7 torn by ! wolves & wild dogs1 & ! survivors 7 too weak & dispirit$ to be able to und]take any ?+ aga9/ ! =eign intrud]s4 ,! ,canadian fur-trad]s n[ also saw ! necessity ( comb9+ _! ef=ts = _! mutual b5efit1 in/ead ( ru9+ ea* o!r by an insane competition2 & consequ5tly =m$1 9 #aghc1 a society :i*1 "u ! "n ( ! ,nor?-we/ ,company ( ,canada1 at fir/ consi/$ ( sixte51 lat] ( tw5ty p>tn]s or %>ehold]s1 "s ( :om liv$ 9 ,canada1 :ile ! o!rs 7 scatt]$ among ! v>i\s /ations 9 ! int]ior4 ,! :ole ,canadian fur-trade 0 n[ greatly develop$2 = :ile previ\sly ea* ( ! associates _h bl9dly /riv5 to d z mu* h>m z possible to 8 pres5t p>tn]s1 & ?us indirectly damag$ 8 own int]e/s1 !y n[ all vigor\sly unit$ to beat ! rival ,hudson's ,bay ,company out ( ! field4 ,! ag5ts ( ?is ,nor?-we/ ,company1 9 defiance ( _! *>t]1 7 indefatigable 9 explor+ ! lakes & woods1 ! pla9s & ! m\nta9s1 = ! purpose ( e/abli%+ new trad+-/ations at all conv5i5t po9ts4 ,! mo/ celebrat$ ( ^! pione]s ( comm]ce1 ,alex&] ,mack5zie1 rea*$1 9 ! ye> #aghi1 ! m\? ( ! great riv] :i* be>s 8 "n1 & saw ! :ite dolph9s gambol ab\t 9 ! ,arctic ,sea4 ,9 a second voyage he cross$ ! ,rocky ,m\nta9s1 & foll[$ ! c\rse ( ! ,fras] ,riv] until x dis*>ges its wat]s into ! ,georgian ,gulf opposite to ,vanc\v]'s ,isl&4 ,"h he wrote ) p]i%able v]milion ! foll[+ inscription on a rock-wall front+ ! gulf3-- ,a4 ,mack5zie arriv$ f ,canada by l&1 #bb ,july1 #agib4 ,! words 7 soon effac$ by w9d & wea!r1 b ! fame ( ! explor] w la/ z long z ! ,engli% language is spok5 9 ,am]ica4 ,! en]getic ,nor?-we/ ,company ?us rul$ ov] ! :ole cont95t f ! ,canadian ,lakes to ! ,rocky ,m\nta9s1 & 9 #ahjf x ev5 cross$ t b>ri] & e/abli%$ its =ts on ! nor!rn tribut>ies ( ! ,columbia ,riv]4 ,to ! nor? x likewise ext5d$ its op]ations1 encroa*+ m & m ^u ! privileges ( ! ,hudson's ,bay ,company1 :i*1 r\s$ to en]gy1 n[ also pu%$ on its po/s f>!r & f>!r into ! int]ior1 & e/abli%$ 9 #ahab a colony on ! ,r$ ,riv] to ! s\? ( ,w9ipeg ,lake1 ?us driv+1 z x 71 a %>p ?orn into ! side ( its rival4 ,b a p[] l ! ,nor?-we/ ,company1 :i* _h no less ?an #ej ag5ts1 #gj int]pret]s1 & #aabj voyageurs 9 its pay1 & ^: *ief manag]s us$ to appe> at _! annual meet+s at ,=t ,william1 on ! banks ( ,lake ,sup]ior1 ) all ! pomp & pride ( feudal b>ons1 0 n incl9$ to tol]ate ?is encroa*m5t2 & ?us1 aft] _m qu>rels1 a regul> w> broke out betwe5 ! two p>ties1 :i*1 aft] two ye>s' duration1 l$ to ! expulsion ( ! ,r$ ,riv] coloni/s & ! murd] ( _! gov]nor1 ,semple4 ,?is ev5t took place 9 ! ye> #ahaf1 & is b "o episode ( ! bloody feuds :i* cont9u$ to reign betwe5 ! two rival companies until #ahba4 ,at fir/ sight x may seem /range t su* acts ( viol5ce %\ld take place betwe5 ,briti% subjects & on ,briti% soil1 b !n we mu/ consid] t at t "t ,european law _h little p[] 9 ! ,am]ican wild]ness4 ,! diss5sions ( ! fur-trad]s _h mo/ deplorable consequ5ces = ! ,r$sk9s2 = bo? companies1 to swell ! numb] ( _! adh]5ts1 lavi%ly di/ribut$ spiritu\s liquors--a temptation :i* no ,indian c resi/4 ,! :ole ( ! hunt+-gr\nds ( ! ,saskat*ewan & ,a?abasca 7 b "o sc5e ( revelry & blood%$4 ,already decimat$ by ! small-pox1 ! ,indians n[ became ! victims ( drunk5ness & discord1 & x 0 to be fe>$ t if ! w> & its consequ5t demoralization cont9u$1 ! mo/ important tribes w\ld soon be utt]ly swept away4 ,illu/ration3 #aac4 ,,w9t] ,,hut ,,( ,,hunt]s4 ,! f9ances ( ! bellig]5t companies 7 9 an equally deplorable /ate2 ! produce ( ! *ase dim9i%$ f ye> to ye> ) ! increase ( _! exp5diture2 & ?us ! ,hudson's ,bay ,company1 :i* us$ to gratify its %>ehold]s ) divid5ds ( #ej & #be p] c5t41 0 unable1 f #ahjh to #ahad1 to di/ribute a s+le %ill+ among !m4 ,at l5g? wisdom prevail$ ov] passion1 & ! enemies came to a resolution :i*1 if tak5 f ! v beg9n+1 w\ld h sav$ !m bo? a great deal ( treasure & _m crimes4 ,in/ead ( cont9u+ to sw+ ! tomahawk1 !y n[ smok$ ! calumet1 & amalgamat$ 9 #ahba1 "u ! "n ( ! 8,hudson's ,bay ,company10 & "u ! w+ ( ! *>t]4 ,! ,briti% ,gov]nm5t1 z a d[ry to ! impov]i%$ c\ple1 pres5t$ !m ) a lic5se ( exclusive trade ?r\gh\t ! :ole ( t t]ritory :i*1 "u ! "n ( ! ,hudson's ,bay & ,nor?-we/ t]ritories1 ext5ds f ,labrador to ! ,pacific1 & f ! ,r$ ,riv] to ! ,pol> ,ocean4 ,?is lic5se 0 t]m9able 9 #ba ye>s1 b 9 #ahch x 0 r5ew$ aga9 = ! same p]iod4 ,! good effects ( peace & union soon became app>5t1 = aft] a few ye>s ! ,company 0 enabl$ to pay half-ye>ly divid5ds ( five p] c5t41 & ! ,indians1 to :om br&y 0 n[ no long] suppli$ unless z a m$ic9e1 enjoy$ ! advantages ( a m sob] life4 ,ab\t #ahdh ! ,imp]ial ,gov]nm5t1 fe>+ t ,vanc\v]'s ,isl& might be annex$ by ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 resolv$ to place x "u ! managem5t ( ! ,hudson's ,bay ,company4 ,?is 0 accord+ly done 9 #ahdi4 ,a lic5se ( exclusive trade & managem5t 0 grant$ = t5 ye>s1 t]m9able !re=e 9 #ahei 7! "t ( expiration ( ! simil> lic5se ov] ! ,indian t]ritory74 ,^! 7 ! palmy days ( ! ,hudson's ,bay ,company4 ,!y held ,rup]t's ,l& by ! royal *>t]1 :i* 0 p]petual2 !y held ,vanc\v]'s ,isl& & ! :ole ,indian t]ritory to ! ,pacific by exclusive lic5ses1 t]m9able 9 #ahei2 & ?us ma9ta9$ "u _! sole sway ab\t #d1jjj1jjj squ>e miles--a realm l>g] ?an ! :ole ( ,europe4 ,= ! t5 ye>s end+ ,may #ca1 #ahfb1 ! av]age net annual pr(its ( ! ,company am\nt$ to #ha1jjj on a paid-up capital ( #djj1jjj1 b a portion only ( ?is income 0 di/ribut$ z divid5d4 ,9 #ahfc ! ,company 0 recon/ruct$1 ) a capital ( #b1jjj1jjj1 = ! purpose ( enl>g+ its op]ations--su* z op5+ ! s\!rn & m fruitful di/ricts ( ! ,saskat*ewan or ! ,w9ipeg to ,european colonization2 b ! nor!rn1 & by f> ! l>g] portion ( ! va/ doma9s ov] :i*1 aft] ! dismemb]m5t ( ,briti% ,columbia & ! ,/ik9e t]ritory1 x /ill holds sway1 h too sev]e a climate ev] to be cultivat$1 &1 unless _! m9]al weal? be made available1 mu/ ev] be :at !y are n[--a fur-be>+ region ( gloomy p9e-=e/s1 nak$ b>r5-gr\nds1 lakes1 & morasses4 ,ov] ?is va/ ext5t ( des]t ! ,company has e/abli%$ ab\t #aej trad+-po/s1 call$ 8h\ses10 or 8=ts10 :i*1 h[ev]1 consi/ m]ely ( a few magaz9es & dwell+-h\ses1 protect$ by a simple wall1 /ockade1 or palisade suffici5tly /rong to resi/ any sudd5 attack ( ! ,indians4 ,among ! tribes1 ) :om a fri5dly int]c\rse has long subsi/$1 & ^: fidelity may implicitly be tru/$1 no gu>d is ev] kept1 & x is only 9 =ts m rec5tly built 9 remote p>ts t precautions are tak54 ,illu/ration3 #aad4 ,,=t ,,edmonton1 ,,nor? ,,saskat*ewan4 ,^! =ts are always situat$ on ! bord]s ( a lake or riv]1 bo? = facility ( transport & = ! purpose ( cat*+ fi%1 p>ticul>ly ! species ( ,coregonus1 or :ite-fi%1 :i*1 f its importance to all ! natives ( ,rup]t's ,l& betwe5 ! great ,canada lakes & ! ,arctic ,sea1 ! ,crees call ,attihawmeg1 or ! 8re9de] ( ! wat]s40 ,9 _m ( ! trad+-po/s x =ms ! *ief food ( ! :ite resid5ts2 & x is ass]t$ t ?\gh depriv$ ( bread & vegetables1 a man may live ^u x = mon?s or ev5 ye>s )\t tir+4 ,accord+ to ,sir ,john ,ri*>dson1 no fi% 9 any c\ntry or sea excels ! :ite-fi% 9 flavor & :olesom5ess1 & x is ! mo/ b5eficial article ( diet to ! ,r$ ,indians ne> ! ,arctic ,circle1 be+ obta9$ ) m c]ta9ty ?an ! re9de]1 & ) less *ange ( abode 9 summ] & w9t]4 ,ea* ( ! pr9cipal =ts is ! seat ( a *ief factor1 or g5]al adm9i/rator ( a di/rict1 & ( a *ief trad]1 :o transacts ! bus9ess ) ! ,indians4 ,besides ^! pr9cipal function>ies--out ( :om ! gov]nor is *os5--! ,company employ$1 9 #ahfj1 #e surgeons1 #hg cl]ks1 #fg po/ma/]s1 #abjj p]man5t s]vants1 & #ejj voyageurs1 besides tempor>y employs ( diff]5t ranks1 s t ! total numb] ( p]sons 9 its pay 0 at lea/ #cjjj4 ,besides ?is little army ( imm$iate dep5d5ts1 ! :ole male ,indian population ( its va/ t]ritory1 am\nt+ to ab\t #ajj1jjj hunt]s & trapp]s1 may be consid]$ z actively employ$ 9 ! s]vice ( ! ,company4 ,arm$ vessels1 bo? sail+ & /eam1 are employ$ on ! nor?-we/ coa/ to c>ry on ! fur-trade ) ! w>like natives ( t di/ant region4 ,m ?an tw5ty ye>s ago ?is trade alone gave employm5t to ab\t #ajjj m51 occupy+ #ba p]man5t e/abli%m5ts1 or engag$ 9 navigat+ five arm$ sail+ vessels & "o arm$ /eam]1 v>y+ f #ajj to #cjj tons 9 burd54 ,illu/ration3 #aae4 ,,trad]',s ,,camp4 ,! influ5ce ( ! ,company ov] its savage dep5d5ts may ju/ly be call$ b5eficial4 ,bo? f motives ( humanity & self-int]e/1 e ef=t is made to civilize !m4 ,no exp5se is sp>$ to pres]ve !m f ! want into :i* _! improvid5ce too (t5 plunges !m2 & ! example ( an inflexible /raight=w>dness s]ves to ga9 _! confid5ce4 ,?is moral prepond]ance1 & ! admiration ( ! ,indian = ! sup]ior k & arts ( ! ,europeans1 expla9 h[ a m]e h&ful ( :ite m51 scatt]$ ov] an enorm\s t]ritory1 n only lead a life ( p]fect security1 b ex]cise an almo/ absolute p[] ov] a native population outnumb]+ !m at lea/ sev]al hundr$ times4 ,! ,indians h 9 c\rse ( "t acquir$ _m new wants1 & h ?us become m & m dep5d5t on ! :ite trad]s4 ,! savage hunt] is no long] ! free1 self-dep5d5t man1 :o1 )\t any =eign assi/ance1 0 able to make & manufacture1 ) 8 own h&s1 all ! weapons & articles ne$$ = 8 ma9t5ance4 ,)\t ,engli% fire>ms & fi%+-ge>1 )\t iron-w>e & wooll5 blankets1 he c\ld no long] exi/1 & ! un=tunate tribe on :i* ! ,company %\ld close its /ores w\ld soon p]i% = want4 8,hi/ory10 says ,pr(essor ,h9d1 8does n furni% ano!r example ( an association ( private individuals ex]t+ a p[]ful influ5ce ov] s l>ge an ext5t ( ! e>?'s surface1 & adm9i/]+ _! affairs ) su* consummate skill & unwav]+ devotion to ! orig9al objects ( _! incorporation40 ,! /&>d ( ex*ange 9 all m]cantile transactions ) ! natives is a beav] sk91 ! relative value ( :i*1 z orig9ally e/abli%$ by ! trad]s1 diff]s consid]ably f ! pres5t wor? ( ! articles repres5t$ by x2 b ! ,indians are av]se to *ange4 ,!y receive _! pr9cipal outfit ( clo?+ & ammunition on cr$it 9 ! autumn1 to be repaid by _! w9t] hunts2 ! am\nt intru/$ to ea* ( ! hunt]s v>y+ ) _! reputations = indu/ry & skill4 ,! furs :i*1 9 ! c\rse ( ! ye>1 are accumulat$ 9 ! v>i\s =ts or trad+-/ations1 are transport$ 9 ! %ort "t dur+ :i* ! riv]s & lakes are navigable1 & 9 ! mann] describ$ at ! beg9n+ ( ! *apt]1 to ,york ,factory1 or ,moose ,factory1 on ,hudson's ,bay1 to ,montreal or ,vanc\v]1 & %ipp$ f !nce mo/ly to ,london4 ,f ! m di/ant po/s 9 ! int]ior1 ! transport (t5 requires sev]al seasons2 = travell+ is necess>ily v sl[ :5 rapids & portages cont9ually int]rupt navigation1 & ! long w9t] puts a /op to all int]c\rse :atev]4 ,! goods f ,europe1 consi/+ 7besides ^? m5tion$ above7 ( pr9t$ cotton or silk h&k]*iefs1 or neck-clo?s1 ( beads1 & ! univ]sal favorite tobacco1 require at lea/ z mu* "t to f9d _! way into ! di/ant int]ior2 & ?us ! ,company is n seldom oblig$ to wait = f\r1 five1 or six ye>s be=e x receives its returns = ! articles s5t f ,london4 ,x mu/1 h[ev]1 be confess$1 t x amply repays itself = ! t$i\sness ( delay1 = ,dr4 ,arm/rong 0 told by ! ,esquimaux ( ,cape ,ba?ur/--a tribe 9 ! habit ( trad+ ) ! ,indians f ! ,mack5zie1 :o are 9 direct communication ) ! ,hudson's ,bay ,company's ag5ts--t = ?ree silv]-fox sk9s--:i* sometimes fet* z high a price z tw5ty-five or ?irty gu9eas apiece at ! annual sale ( ! ,company--!y _h got f ! trad]s cook+ ut5sils :i* might be wor? eight %ill+s & sixp5ce6 ,! value ( ! sk9s annually import$ into ,engl& by ! ,company am\nts to ab\t #aej1jjj or #bjj1jjj4 ,besides1 _m ( its furs are b>t]$ = ,russian-,am]ican peltry1 & a l>ge quantity is export$ direct to ,*9a4 ,illu/ration3 #aaf4 ,,swamp ,,=m$ ,,by ,,des]t$ ,,beav]-,,dam4 ,aft] ?is brief acc\nt ( "o ( ! mo/ rem>kable m]cantile associations ( any age1 "s rem>k on ! *ief fur-be>+ animals ( ! ,hudson's ,bay t]ritory may n be )\t int]e/4 ,among ^!1 ! black be>1 muskwa1 or b>ibal 7,ursus am]icanus71 is "o ( ! mo/ valuable1 z 8 long hair--unlike t ( ! br[n or ! :ite be>--is beautifully smoo? & glossy4 ,he inhabits ! =e/ regions ( ,nor? ,am]ica1 b migrates accord+ to ! seasons4 ,9 spr+ he seeks 8 food 9 ! ?ickets along ! banks ( ! riv]s or lakes2 9 summ] he retreats into ! =e/s2 9 w9t] he ei!r w&]s f>!r to ! s\?1 or holl[s out a k9d ( lair b5ea? ! root ( an ov]?r[n tree1 :]e1 z ! cold is m or less sev]e1 he ei!r f9ds a retreat aft] 8 excursions1 or hib]nates buri$ 9 ! sn[4 ,he fe$s *iefly on b]ries1 gra91 acorns1 roots1 eggs1 & honey2 ?\gh1 :5 press$ by hung]1 he w attack o!r quadrup$s4 ,he climbs ^u trees or rocks ) great agility1 &1 be+ v wat*ful1 is n easily got at 9 summ]4 ,sometimes1 h[ev]1 8 caution br+s ab\t 8 de/ruction2 =1 f fe> ( "s possible dang]1 or at ! slighte/ noise1 he rises on 8 h9d legs to look ov] ! bu%es "u :i* he lies conceal$1 & ?us (f]s a m>k to ! bullet ( ! hunt]4 ,9 ! w9t]1 :5 ! sn[ betrays 8 traces1 he is m easily %ot1 & 8 sk9 & fle% are !n also 9 ! be/ condition4 ,9 spite ( 8 app>5t clums9ess & /olidity1 ! muskwa is m al]t ?an ! br[n be>1 :om he ne>ly approa*es 9 size2 he runs s fa/ t no man c ov]take him1 & is an excell5t swimm] & climb]4 ,:5 attack$1 he g5]ally retreats z fa/ z possible into ! =e/2 b if escape is impossible1 he turns furi\sly ^u 8 pursu]s1 & becomes exce$+ly dang]\s4 ,dogs alone are incapable ( ma/]+ him1 z he is always ready to receive !m ) a /roke ( 8 =e paw2 b !y are v useful 9 driv+ him up a tree1 & ?us giv+ ! hunt] an opportunity ( hitt+ him 9 ! "r spot4 ,:5 9 a /ate ( captivity1 ! b>ibal1 9 8 mild & good-humor$ disposition1 is di/+ui%$1 f ! br[n & :ite be>4 ,8 fur is also mu* m valuable ?an t ( ! br[n be>4 ,x is n yet fully asc]ta9$ :e!r ! ,am]ican br[n be> is id5tical ) t ( ,europe2 ! resemblance1 h[ev]1 is close4 ,9 summ] he w&]s to ! %ores ( ! ,pol> ,sea1 & indulges m frequ5tly 9 animal food ?an ! b>ibal4 ,he is ev5 said to attack man :5 press$ by hung]2 b all ^? :om ,sir ,john ,ri*>dson met ) ran away z soon z !y saw him4 ,z ! grizzly be> 7,ursus f]ox7 is f\nd on ! ,rocky ,m\nta9s up to ! latitude ( #fa1 he und\bt$ly des]ves a place among ! sub-arctic animals4 ,! sk9 ( ?is mo/ =midable ( ! urs9e race1 :o is ab\t n9e feet long1 & is said to atta9 ! weight ( eight hundr$ p\nds1 is b little priz$ 9 ! fur-trade4 ,he is ! und\bt$ mon>* ( 8 native wilds1 = ev5 ! savage bison flies at 8 approa*4 ,al?\gh ! raccoon 7,procyon lotor7 is m commonly f\nd 9 ,canada & ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 yet he is also an inhabitant ( ! ,hudson's ,bay t]ritories1 :]e he is met ) up to #ef ,n4 lat4 ,?is int]e/+ little animal1 :i*1 l ! be>s1 applies ! sole ( its foot to ! gr\nd 9 walk+1 has an av]age l5g? ( two feet f ! nose to ! tail1 :i* is ab\t t5 in*es long4 ,its color is grayi%-br[n1 ) a dusky l9e runn+ f ! top ( ! head d[n ! middle ( ! face1 & end+ bel[ ! eyes4 ,! tail is v ?ickly cov]$ ) hair1 & is annulat$ ) sev]al black b>s on a yell[i%-:ite gr\nd4 ,its face is v l t ( ! fox1 :om x equals 9 cunn+1 :ile its active & playful habits resemble ^? ( ! monkey4 ,its favorite haunts are ! woods1 ne> /reams or lakes1 = "o ( its mo/ m>k$ peculi>ities1 f :i* x has receiv$ its specific "n ( lotor1 or ! wa%]1 is its habit ( plung+ its dry food into wat] be=e eat+ x4 ,! raccoon dev\rs almo/ any ?+ t comes 9 8 way--fruits & gra9 ( all sorts1 birds' ne/s1 mice1 gras%opp]s1 beetles3 :ile ! wat]s yield him fi%es1 crabs1 & oy/]s1 :i* he is v exp]t 9 op5+4 ,8 fur =ms no inconsid]able article ( comm]ce1 & is v fa%ionable 9 ,russia4 ,9 #ahda1 #aaa1caf raccoon sk9s 7 import$ into ,/4 ,pet]sburg1 & m ?an half a million 7 /apl$ 9 ,leipzig1 int5d$1 no d\bt1 = smuggl+ across ! fronti]4 ,! fur ( ! ,am]ican glutton1 or wolv]9e1 is mu* us$ = muffs & l9+s2 yet1 f its be+ a notori\s robb] ( _! traps1 ! animal is z mu* hat$ by ! ,indian hunt]s z ! dog-fi% by ! nor!rn fi%]m54 ,! ,hudson's ,bay t]ritories c n boa/ ( ! sable1 b ! ,am]ican p9e m>t5 7,m>tes abietum7 is n mu* inf]ior 9 value1 z its d>k-br[n fur is rem>kably f9e1 ?ick1 & glossy4 ,x frequ5ts ! woody di/ricts1 :]e x preys on birds1 & all ! small] quadrup$s f ! h>e to ! m\se4 ,ev5 ! squirrel is incapable ( escap+ ! p9e m>t51 & aft] hav+ vault$ & climb$ f tree to tree1 s9ks at la/ exhau/$ into its gripe4 ,! pekan1 or wood%ock 7,m>tes canad5sis71 ! l>ge/ ( ! m>t5 family1 is also ! "o :i* mo/ ri*ly supplies ! fur-m>ket4 ,x is f\nd ov] ! :ole ( ,nor? ,am]ica1 & g5]ally lives 9 burr[s ne> ! banks ( riv]s1 z x pr9cipally fe$s on ! small quadrup$s t frequ5t ! wat]4 ,sev]al species ( erm9e inhabit ! ,hudson's ,bay t]ritories1 b _! sk9s are ( no great importance 9 ! fur-trade4 ,l _m o!r species ( ! m>t5 family1 !y eject1 :5 irritat$ or al>m$1 a fluid ( a fetid odor2 b 9 ?is respect !y are f> surpass$ by ! *+a 7,mephitis *+a71 ^: secretion has s intol]able a smell t ! lea/ quantity suffices to produce nausea & a s5se ( suffocation4 ,?is animal is frequ5tly f\nd ne> ,hudson's ,bay1 :5ce x ext5ds f>!r to ! nor?4 ,9 spite ( ! =midable means ( def5se ) :i* x has be5 arm$ by nature1 x is ( use to man1 = its black & :ite /rip$ fur 7:i*1 z may easily be suppos$1 nev] appe>s 9 ! ,european m>ket7 provides ! ,indians ) cov]+s or tobacco-p\*es4 ,be=e seiz+ ! *+a1 !y irritate x ) a long swit* until x has repeat$ly empti$ ! gl&s f :i* ! noxi\s vapor issues2 !n sudd5ly spr++ ^u x1 !y hold x up by ! tail & dispat* x4 ,! m9k 7,vison am]icanus71 ano!r memb] ( ! weasel family1 is "o ( ! mo/ important fur-be>+ animals ( ! ,hudson's ,bay t]ritories4 ,x resembles ! small ,european fi%-ott] 7,vison lutreola71 b its sk9 is f> m valuable--! br[n hair ) :i* x is cov]$ be+ mu* s(t] & ?ick]4 ,z its toes are connect$ by a small web1 x is an excell5t swimm]1 & z =midable to ! salmon or tr\t 9 ! wat] z to ! h>e on l&4 ,! ,canadian fi%-ott] 7,lutra canad5sis7 f> surpasses ! ,european species1 bo? 9 size & 9 ! beauty ( its glossy br[n sk94 ,x occurs z f> nor?w>d z #ff or #fg lat41 & is g5]ally tak5 by s9k+ a /eel trap ne> ! m\? ( its burr[4 ,x has ! habit ( slid+ or climb+ to ! top ( a ridge ( sn[ 9 w9t]1 or ( a slop+ moi/ bank 9 summ]1 :]e1 ly+ on ! belly1 ) ! =e feet b5t backw>d1 x gives itself ) ! h9d legs an impulse :i* s5ds x swiftly d[n ! em95ce4 ,?is s*oolboy sport x cont9ues = a long "t4 ,! r$ fox 7,vulpes fulvus71 :i* is f\nd ?r\gh\t ! ,hudson's ,bay t]ritories1 has likewise a mu* f9] fur ?an our common fox4 ,x is ( a bright f]rug9\s r$ on ! head1 back1 & sides2 b5ea? ! *9 x is :ite1 :ile ! ?roat & neck are ( a d>k gray1 & ! "u p>ts ( ! body1 t[>d ! tail1 are ( a v pale r$4 ,! cross$ fox 7,canis decussatus71 ?us nam$ f ! black cross on its %\ld]s1 is /ill m valuable2 its sk9--! color ( :i* is a sort ( gray1 result+ f ! mixture ( black & :ite hair-- be+ wor? f\r or five gu9eas4 ,peltry /ill m co/ly is furni%$ by ! black or silv]y fox 7,canis arg5tatus71 ^: copi\s & beautiful fur is ( a ri* & %9+ black or deep br[n color1 ) ! long] or ext]ior hairs ( a silv]y :ite4 ,un=tunately x is ( su* r>e occurr5ce t n m ?an f\r or five are annually br\ght to a trad+-po/4 ,! ,canada lynx1 or pi%u 7,lynx canad5sis71 is small] ?an ! ,european species1 b has a f9] fur1 ^? sk9s be+ mo/ valu$ :i* approa* to a pale or :iti% color1 & on :i* ! spots are mo/ di/9ct4 ,x *iefly fe$s on ! h>e 7,lepus am]icanus71 :i* is n mu* l>g] ?an a rabbit1 & is f\nd on ! banks ( ! ,mack5zie z f> nor? z #fh or #fi4 ,/ill ne>] to ! ,pole1 ! ice-h>e 7,lepus glacialis7 ranges z f> z ! ,p>ry ,isl&s 7#ge ,n4 lat471 :]e x fe$s on ! arctic will[1 & o!r high nor!rn plants4 ,its favorite resorts are ! /ony di/ricts1 :]e x easily f9ds a refuge2 9 w9t] x burr[s 9 ! sn[4 ,9 summ] its back is grayi% :ite1 b z ! cold increases1 x becomes :ite1 ) ! exception ( ! tips ( ! e>s1 :i* rema9 con/antly black4 ,=m]ly ! beav] 7,ca/or fib]7 0 ! mo/ important ( ! fur-be>+ animals ( ! ,hudson's ,bay t]ritories4 ,9 ! ye> #agdc1 #abg1jjj beav] sk9s 7 export$ f ,montreal to ,la ,ro*elle1 & #bf1gjj by ! ,hudson's ,bay ,company to ,london4 ,at pres5t1 ! exportation h>dly am\nts to "o-?ird ( ?is quantity4 ,z ! beav] *iefly lives on ! b>ks ( ! will[1 ! bee*1 & ! popl>1 x is n f\nd beyond ! =e/ region2 b along ! banks ( ! ,mack5zie x rea*es a v high latitude4 ,! musk-rat1 ondatra or musqua% 7,fib] zibe?icus7--:i* is ab\t ! size ( a small rabbit1 & ( a r$di%-br[n color--is call$ by ! ,indians ! y\ng] bro!r ( ! beav]1 z x has simil> in/9cts4 ,ess5tially a bank-haunt+ animal1 x is nev] to be se5 at any great di/ance f ! wat]1 :]e x swims & dives ) consummate ease1 aid$ greatly by ! webs :i* connect ! h9d] toes4 ,x drives a l>ge s]ies ( tunnels into ! bank1 bran*+ out 9 v>i\s directions1 & hav+ sev]al entrances1 all ( :i* op5 "u ! surface ( ! wat]4 ,if ! animal happ5s to live ^u a m>%y & uni=mly wet soil1 x becomes a build]1 & lives 9 curi\sly-con/ruct$ huts1 f ?ree to f\r feet 9 height1 pla/]$ ) great neatness 9 ! inside1 & /r5g!n$ ext]nally ) a k9d ( basket-"w ( ru%es1 c>efully int]lac$ toge!r4 ,! judgm5t ( ! animal %[s itself 9 ! selection ( ! site1 inv>iably *oos+ "s gr\nd above ! rea* ( inundation1 or else rais+ its hut on an artificial f\ndation2 =1 ?\gh oblig$ to reside ne> flat1 subm]g$ banks1 :]e ! s(t soil is full ( n\ri%+ roots1 x requires a dry home to re/ 94 ,9 w9t] ! musqua% villages--= ! huts are sometimes built 9 su* numb]s toge!r z to des]ve t "n--are g5]ally cov]$ ) ?ick sn[1 "u :i* ?is rod5t is able to procure wat]1 or to rea* ! provisions laid up 9 its /oreh\se4 ,?us x lives 9 ease & pl5ty1 = ! m>t5 is too av]se to ! wat]1 & ! ott] too bulky to p5etrate into its tunnels4 ,b :5 ! sn[ melts1 & ! huts ( ! musqua% appe> above ! gr\nd1 ! ,indian1 tak+ 9 8 h& a l>ge f\r-b>b$ spe>1 /eals up to ! h\se1 & driv+ 8 weapon ?r\gh ! walls1 is sure to pi]ce ! animals inside4 ,hold+ ! spe> firmly ) "o h&1 he takes 8 tomahawk f 8 belt1 da%es ! h\se to pieces1 & secures ! inmates4 ,ano!r me?od employ$ by ! ,indians to capture ! musqua% is to block up ! diff]5t entrances to _! tunnels1 & !n to int]cept ! animals z !y try to escape4 ,sometimes ! gun is us$1 b n v frequ5tly1 z ! musqua% is s w>y t x dives at ! lea/ al>m1 & d>ts into "o ( its holes4 ,! trap1 h[ev]1 is ! ord9>y means ( de/ruction4 ,! s(t & glossy fur ( ! musqua%1 ?\gh wor? no m ?an f #f;d4 to #i;d41 is /ill a n inconsid]able article ( trade1 z no less ?an half a million sk9s are annually import$ into ,engl& = hat-mak+2 nor is !re any fe> ( ! musqua% be+ extirpat$1 9 spite ( its _m enemies1 z x multiplies v fa/1 & is f\nd ne> e swamp or lake ) grassy banks z f> z ! conf9es ( ! ,pol> ,sea4 ,illu/ration3 #aag4 ,,hunt+ ,,bison ,,9 ,,! ,,sn[4 ,,*apt] ,,xxix4 ,,! ,,cree ,,indians1 ,,or ,,ey?9yuwuk4 ,! v>i\s ,tribes ( ! ,crees4--,_! ,conque/s & subsequ5t ,defeat4--,_! ,w>s ) ! ,blackfeet4--,_! ,"*4-- ,tattoo+4--,_! ,dress4--,fondness = _! ,*ildr54--,! ,cree ,cradle4--,vapor ,ba?s4--,games4--,_! religi\s ,ideas4--,! ,cree ,t>t>us & ,elysium4 ,! v>i\s tribes ( ! ,crees1 or ,ey?9yuwuk1 range f ! ,rocky ,m\nta9s & ! pla9s ( ! ,saskat*ewan to ! swampy %ores ( ,hudson's ,bay4 ,t[>ds ! we/ & nor? !y bord] on ! ,t9n1 t[>ds ! ea/ & s\?1 on ! ,ojibbeway or ,sauteurs1 :o belong l !m to ! great family ( ! ,l5ni-l5ape ,indians1 & inhabit ! l&s betwe5 ,lake ,w9ipeg & ,lake ,sup]ior4 ,ab\t sixty ye>s s9ce1 at ! "t :5 ,napoleon 0 delug+ ,europe ) blood1 ! ,crees likewise play$ ! "p ( conqu]ors1 & subdu$ ev5 m ext5sive1 ?\gh less valuable doma9s4 ,provid$ ) fire-arms1 :i* at t "t 7 unkn[n to _! nor!rn & we/]n neighbors1 !y advanc$ z f> z ! ,arctic ,circle1 impos+ tribute on ! v>i\s tribes ( ! ,t9n4 ,b _! triumphs 7 n m durable ?an ^? ( ! great ,european conqu]or4 ,! small-pox broke out among !m & swept !m away by ?\s&s4 ,mean:ile ! ,t9n tribes _h rema9$ unt\*$ by ?is t]rible sc\rge2 & z ! ag5ts ( ! ,hudson's ,bay ,company1 advanc+ f>!r & f>!r to ! we/ & nor?1 _h likewise made !m acqua9t$ ) ! use ( fire-arms1 !y 9 _! turn became ! aggressors1 & drove ! ,crees be=e !m4 ,_! =m] conqu]ors n[ p>tly migrat$ to ! s\?1 & leav+ ! =e/ region1 :]e !y _h hunt$ ! re9de] & ! elk1 spread ov] ! prairies ( ! ,saskat*ewan1 :]e !y n[ pursu$ ! h]ds ( bison1 sometimes driv+ !m ov] a precipice1 or *as+ !m on foot ?r\gh ! sn[4 ,b 9 _! new abodes !y became engag$ 9 con/ant feuds ) _! new neighbors ! ,ass9ibo9s & ,blackfeet1 :o ( c\rse res5t$ _! intrusion4 ,! romance 9 :i* ! mann]s & "* ( ! ,indians are portray$ might lead u to attribute to ^! p a l(t9ess ( s\l = :i* x w\ld be va9 to look 9 ! pres5t day1 & :i* )\t mu* skepticism we may ass]t !y nev] really possess$4 ,actions prompt$ only by ! caprice ( a b>b>\s p h be5 consid]$ z ! results ( ref9$ s5tim5t2 & savage cunn+1 se5 ?r\gh ! false m$ium ( prejudice1 assum$ ! nobl] proportions ( a f>-sight$ policy4 ,b ?\gh ! hi/ory ( ! w>s ( ! ,indians among !mselves & ) ! ,europeans af=ds b few in/ances ( h]oism1 x ab\nds 9 traits ( revolt+ cruelty1 & 9 pictures ( indescribable wret*$ness4 ,illu/ration3 #aah4 ,a ,,h]d ,,( ,,bison4 ,a l>ge p>ty ( ,blackfeet once made a successful =ay 9 ! t]ritory ( ! ,crees4 ,b mean:ile ! latt] surpris$ ! camp :]e ! aggressors _h left _! wives & *ildr52 & ?us1 :5 ! ,blackfeet return$ to _! t5ts1 !y f\nd desolation & dea? :]e !y look$ = a joyful welcome4 ,9 _! despair !y ca/ away _! arms & _! booty1 & retir$ to ! m\nta9s1 :]e = ?ree days & nights !y wail$ & m\rn$4 ,illu/ration3 #aai4 ,,driv+ ,,bison ,,ov] ,a ,,precipice4 ,9 ! ye> #ahdj a bloody w> broke out betwe5 ! ,crees & ! ,blackfeet1 aris+ z 9 g5]al f a v trifl+ cause4 ,peace 0 at l5g? conclud$1 b :ile ! two nations 7 celebrat+ ?is =tunate ev5t ) games & races1 a ,cree /ole a ragg$ blanket1 & a new fight imm$iately began4 ,return+ home1 ! ,blackfeet met a ,cree *iefta91 ) two ( 8 w>riors1 & kill$ !m aft] a %ort alt]cation4 ,soon aft] ! ,crees surpris$ & murd]$ "s ( ! ,blackfeet1 & ?us ! w> rag$ m furi\sly ?an ev]4 ,sir ,george ,simpson1 :o 0 travell+ ?r\gh ! c\ntry at ! "t1 visit$ ! hut ( a ,cree :o _h be5 w\nd$ 9 ! conflict at ! peace meet+4 ,z 9 8 flight he b5t ov] 8 horse's neck1 a ball _h /ruck him on ! "r side1 & rema9$ /ick+ ne> ! articulation ( ! left %\ld]4 ,9 ?is condition he _h already la9 = ?ree-&-?irty days1 8 left arm frightfully swoll51 & ! re/ ( 8 body emaciat$ to a skeleton4 ,ne> ! dy+ savage1 ^: glassy eye & contract$ features spoke ( ! dreadful pa9 ( :i* he disda9$ to speak1 lay 8 *ild1 r$uc$ to sk9 & bones1 & express+ by a p]petual moan+ ! pangs ( illness & hung]1 :ile mo/ to be piti$ p]haps ( ?is wret*$ family 0 ! wife & "m1 :o seem$ to be s9k+ "u ! d\ble load ( c>e & fatigue4 ,dur+ ! night ! 8m$ic9e-man0 0 busy beat+ 8 magic drum & driv+ away ! evil spirits f ! hut4 ,al?\gh ! ,crees %[ great =titude 9 endur+ hung] & ! o!r evils incid5t to a hunt]'s life1 yet any unusual accid5t dispirits !m at once1 & !y seldom v5ture to meet _! enemies 9 op5 w>f>e1 or ev5 to surprise !m1 unless !y h a great advantage 9 po9t ( numb]s4 ,in/ances ( p]sonal brav]y l t ( ! ,esquimaux are r>e inde$ among !m4 ,sup]ior 9 p]sonal appe>ance to ! ,t9n1 !y are less hone/1 & ?\gh p]haps n s mu* giv5 to falsehood z ! ,t9n1 are m turbul5t & m prompt to invade ! rights ( _! c\ntrym51 z well z ( neighbor+ nations4 ,tattoo+ is almo/ univ]sal among !m4 ,! wom5 are 9 g5]al cont5t ) hav+ "o or two l9es drawn f ! corn]s ( ! m\? t[>ds ! angles ( ! l[] jaw1 b "s ( ! m5 h _! bodies cov]$ ) l9es & figures4 ,x seems to be consid]$ by mo/ r z a pro( ( c\rage ?an an ornam5t1 z ! op]ation is bo? pa9ful & t$i\s4 ,! l9es on ! face are =m$ by dext]\sly runn+ an awl "u ! cuticle1 & !n draw+ a cord1 dipp$ 9 *>coal & wat]1 ?r\gh ! canal ?us =m$4 ,! punctures on ! body are made by ne$les ( v>i\s sizes1 set 9 a frame4 ,a numb] ( hawk-bells atta*$ to ?is frame s]ve1 by _! noise1 to cov] ! groans ( ! suff]]1 & probably = ! same reason ! process is accompani$ ) s++4 ,an indelible /a9 is produc$ by rubb+ a little f9ely-p[d]$ will[-*>coal into ! puncture4 ,a half-bre$1 ^: arm 0 amputat$ by ,sir ,john ,ri*>dson1 decl>$ t tatoo+ 0 n only ! m pa9ful op]ation ( ! two1 b r5d]$ inf9itely m difficult to be> by its t$i\sness1 hav+ la/$1 9 8 case1 ?ree days4 ,! ,crees are also fond ( pa9t+ _! faces ) v]milion & *>coal4 ,9 g5]al ! dress ( ! male consi/s ( a blanket ?r[n ov] ! %\ld]s1 a lea!rn %irt or jacket1 & a piece ( clo? ti$ r\nd ! middle4 ,! wom5 h 9 addition a long petticoat1 & bo? sexes we> a k9d ( wide hose1 :i*1 rea*+ f ! ankle to ! middle ( ! ?igh1 are susp5d$ by /r+s to ! girdle4 ,^! hose1 or 8,indian /ock+s10 are commonly ornam5t$ ) beads or rib&s1 & f _! conv5i5ce h be5 univ]sally adopt$ by ! :ite resid5ts1 z an ess5tial "p ( _! w9t]-clo?+4 ,_! %oes1 or r s(t boots 7= !y tie r\nd ! ankle71 are made ( dress$ moose-sk9s2 & dur+ ! w9t] !y wrap sev]al pieces ( blanket r\nd _! feet4 ,!y are fond ( ,european articles ( dress1 su* z great-coats1 %awls1 & calicoes1 :i*1 h[ev] %[y !y may be at fir/1 are soon r$uc$ to a v fil?y condition by _! cu/om ( greas+ ! face & hair ) s(t fat or m>r[4 ,?is practice !y say pres]ves ! sk9 s(t1 & protects x f cold 9 ! w9t] & ! mosquitoes 9 summ]2 b x r5d]s _! pres5ce disagreeable to ,europeans :o may *ance to be seat$ ne> !m 9 a close t5t & ne> a hot fire4 ,illu/ration3 #abj4 ,,wat*+ ,,= ,,crees4 ,! ,cree wom5 are n 9 g5]al treat$ h>%ly by _! husb&s3 a great "p ( ! labor1 h[ev]1 falls to ! lot ( ! wife4 ,%e makes ! hut1 cooks1 dresses ! sk9s1 & = ! mo/ "p c>ries ! heavie/ load2 b :5 %e is unable to p]=m h] task1 ! husb& does n consid] x b5ea? 8 dignity to assi/ h]4 ,! ,crees are extremely indulg5t to _! *ildr54 ,! fa!r nev] *a/ises !m2 & ! "m1 ?\gh m ha/y 9 h] temp]1 seldom be/[s a bl[ on a tr\blesome *ild4 ,! cradle 9 use among !m is well adapt$ to _! mode ( life1 & is "o ( _! neate/ articles ( furniture1 be+ g5]ally ornam5t$ ) beads & bits ( sc>let clo?1 b x be>s a v /rong resemblance 9 its =m to a mummy-case4 ,! infant is plac$ 9 ?is bag1 hav+ its l[] extremities wrapp$ up 9 s(t sphagnum1 or bog-moss1 & may be hung up 9 ! t5t or to ! bran* ( a tree1 )\t ! lea/ dang] ( tumbl+ out2 or1 9 a j\rney may be susp5d$ on ! "m's back by a b& :i* crosses ! =ehead s z to leave h] h&s free4 ,! sphagnum =ms a s(t ela/ic b$1 :i* absorbs moi/ure v readily1 & af=ds su* a protection f ! w9t] cold t its place w\ld be ill suppli$ by any o!r mat]ial4 ,illu/ration3 #aba4 ,a ,,cree ,,village4 ,! ord9>y wigwams1 sk9 t5ts1 or 8lodges0 ( ! ,t9n & ,crees are exactly alike 9 =m1 be+ ext5d$ on poles set up 9 a conical mann]2 b z a g5]al rule ! t5ts ( ! latt] are m commodi\s & m frequ5tly suppli$ ) a fre% l9+ ( ! spray ( ! balsam-fir4 ,!y also occasionally erect a l>g] dwell+ ( lattice-"w1 cov]$ ) bir*-b>k1 9 :i* =ty m5 or m c assemble = fea/+1 debat+1 or p]=m+ "s ( _! religi\s c]emonies4 ,! entire nation ( ! ,ey?9yuwuk cultivate oratory m ?an _! nor!rn neighbors1 :o express !mselves m simply & f> less flu5tly4 ,vapor ba?s are 9 common use ) ! ,crees1 & =m "o ( ! *ief rem$ies ( _! m$ic9e-m54 ,! op]ator %uts himself up ) 8 pati5t 9 ! small sweat+-h\se--9 :i* r$-hot /ones bespr9kl$ ) wat]1 & hav+ a few leaves ( a species ( prunus /rew$ ar\nd !m1 produce a damp atmosph]e ( a /ifl+ heat--& %ampoos him1 s++ all ! "t a k9d ( hymn4 ,z long z ! m$ic9e-man c hold out1 s long mu/ ! pati5t endure ! int5se heat ( ! ba?1 & !n1 if ! invalid be able to move1 !y bo? plunge into ! riv]4 ,if ! pati5t does n recov]1 he is at lea/ m spe$ily releas$ f 8 suff]+s by ?is p[]ful rem$y4 ,! ,crees are a va91 fickle1 improvid5t1 indol5t1 & ludicr\sly boa/ful race4 ,!y are also great gambl]s1 b1 in/ead ( c>ds or dice1 !y play ) ! /ones ( a species ( prunus4 ,! difficulty lies 9 guess+ ! numb] ( /ones :i* are toss$ out ( a small wood5 di%1 & ! hunt]s w sp5d :ole nights at ?is de/ructive sport1 /ak+ _! mo/ valuable articles4 ,!y h1 h[ev]1 a mu* m manly amusem5t1 t]m$ ! 8cross10 al?\gh !y d n engage ev5 9 x )\t deposit+ consid]able /akes4 ,an ext5sive mead[ is *os5 = ?is sport1 & ! articles /ak$ are ti$ to a po/1 or deposit$ 9 ! cu/ody ( two old m54 ,! combatants be+ /ripp$ & pa9t$1 & ea* provid$ ) a k9d ( racket1 9 %ape resembl+ ! lett] ,p1 ) a h&le ab\t two feet long1 & a head loosely wr\ght ) net-"w1 s z to =m a %all[ bag1 range !mselves on diff]5t sides4 ,a ball be+ n[ toss$ up 9 ! middle1 ea* p>ty endeavors to drive x to _! respective goals1 & mu* dext]ity & agility is display$ 9 ! conte/4 ,:5 a nimble runn] gets ! ball 9 8 cross1 he sets (f t[>ds ! goal ) ! utmo/ spe$1 & is foll[$ by ! re/1 :o endeavor to jo/le him & %ake x out1 b1 if h>d press$1 he dis*>ges x ) a j]k1 to be =w>d$ by 8 own p>ty or b&i$ back by _! oppon5ts until ! victory is decid$ by its pass+ ! goal4 ,nei!r ! ,esquimaux nor ! ,t9n h any visible objects ( wor%ip1 b ! ,crees c>ry ) !m small wood5 figures rudely c>v$1 or m]ely ! tops ( a few will[-bu%es ti$ toge!r1 z ! repres5tatives ( a malici\s1 or at lea/ caprici\s be+1 call$ ,kepoo*ikann4 ,_! mo/ common petition to ?is be+ is = pl5ty ( food1 b z !y d n tru/ entirely to 8 favor1 !y endeavor at ! same "t to propitiate ! animal1 an imag9>y repres5tative ( ! :ole race ( l>g] quadrup$s t are objects ( ! *ase4 ,?\gh (t5 ref]r+ to ! ,kit*e-manito1 ! 8,great ,_s10 or 8,ma/] ( ,life10 !y d n believe t he c>es = 8 creatures1 & consequ5tly nev] ?9k ( pray+ to him4 ,!y h no leg5d ab\t ! creation1 b !y speak ( a deluge caus$ by an attempt ( ! fi% to dr[n ,woesack-oot*a*t1 a k9d ( demi-god1 ) :om !y _h qu>rell$4 ,hav+ con/ruct$ a raft1 ?is be+ emb>k$ ) 8 family & all k9ds ( birds & bea/s4 ,aft] ! flood _h cont9u$ = "s "t1 he ord]$ sev]al wat]f[l to dive to ! bottom4 ,!y 7 all dr[n$2 b a musk-rat1 dispat*$ on ! same err&1 return$ ) a m\?ful ( mud1 out ( :i* ,woesack-oot*a*t1 imitat+ ! mode 9 :i* ! rats con/ruct _! h\ses1 =m$ a new e>?4 ,fir/ a small conical hill ( mud appe>$ above ! wat]2 by-&-by1 its base gradually spread+ out1 x became an ext5sive bank1 :i* ! rays ( ! sun at l5g? h>d5$ into firm l&4 ,not)/&+ ! p[] t ,woesack-oot*a*t "h display$1 8 p]son is held 9 v little rev]5ce by ! ,indians1 :o d n ?9k x wor? :ile to make any ef=t to av]t 8 wra?4 ,l ! ,t9n1 ! ,crees also h a ,t>t>us & an ,elysium4 ,! s\ls ( ! dep>t$ are oblig$ to scramble ) great labor up ! sides ( a /eep m\nta91 ^u atta9+ ! summit ( :i* !y are rew>d$ ) ! prospect ( an ext5sive pla9 ab\nd+ 9 all sorts ( game1 & int]sp]s$ "h & !re ) new t5ts pit*$ 9 pleasant situations4 ,:ile !y are absorb$ 9 ! contemplation ( ?is delightful sc5e1 !y are descri$ by ! inhabitants ( ! happy l&1 :o1 clo!d 9 new sk9 dresses1 approa* & welcome1 ) e demon/ration ( k9dness1 ^? ,indians :o h l$ good lives1 b ! bad ,indians are told to return f :5ce !y came1 & )\t m c]emony are hurl$ d[n ! precipice4 ,z yet ,*ri/ianity has made b little progress among ! ,indians ( ,briti% ,nor? ,am]ica1 its b5efits be+ hi!rto conf9$ to ! ,ojibbeways ( ,lake ,huron1 & to a small numb] ( ! ,crees ( ! ,hudson's ,bay t]ritory4 ,! well-f$ ,sauteurs ( ! ,w9ipeg are z dis9cl9$ to be conv]t$ z ! buffalo-hunt]s ( ! prairies4 ,,*apt] ,,xxx4 ,,! ,,t9n ,,indians4 ,! v>i\s ,tribes ( ! ,t9n ,indians4--,! ,dog-ribs4-- ,clo?+4--,! ,h>e ,indians4--,degrad$ ,/ate ( ! ,wom54-- ,practical ,sociali/s4--,"*4--,cruelty to ! ,ag$ & ,infirm4 ,! ,t9n ,indians1 ^: v>i\s tribes range f ! ,l[] ,mack5zie to ! ,upp] ,saskat*ewan1 & f ,new ,cal$onia to ! head ( ,*e/]field ,inlet1 occupy a consid]able "p ( ! t]ritories ( ! ,hudson's ,bay ,company4 ,to _! race belong ! ,/rongb[s ( ! ,rocky ,m\nta9s2 ! ,beav] ,indians1 betwe5 ,peace ,riv] & ! we/ bran* ( ! ,mack5zie2 ! ,r$-knives1 ?us nam$ f ! copp] knives ( :i* _! native ores furni% ! mat]ials1 & :o roam betwe5 ! ,great ,fi% ,riv] & ! ,copp]m9e2 ! ,h>e ,indians1 :o inhabit ! ?ickly wood$ di/rict ( ! ,mack5zie f ,slave ,lake d[nw>d2 ! ,dog-ribs1 :o occupy ! inl& c\ntry on ! ea/ f ,m>t9 ,lake to ! ,copp]m9e2 ! ,a?abascans1 :o frequ5t ! ,elk & ,slave ,riv]s1 & _m o!r tribes ( inf]ior note4 ,! ,t9n1 9 g5]al1 h m regul> features ?an ! ,esquimaux1 &1 tak5 on ! :ole1 exhibit all ! *>act]i/ics ( ! r$ races dwell+ f>!r s\?2 b _! utt] disreg>d ( cleanl9ess & _! abject behavior 7= :5 9 ! company ( :ite p !y exhibit ! :9e & air ( invet]ate m5dicants7 give !m a wret*$ appe>ance4 ,mack5zie1 ! fir/ ,european :o became acqua9t$ ) ! ,dog-ribs1 describes !m z an ugly emaciat$ tribe1 cov]$ ) dirt & besme>$ ) grease f head to foot4 ,m ?an sixty ye>s h pass$ s9ce ,mack5zie's j\rney1 b 8 acc\nt ( !m is true to ! pres5t day4 ,! wom5 are ev5 ugli] & m fil?y ?an ! m51 = ! latt] at lea/ pa9t _! unwa%$ faces & we> tr9kets on fe/ive occasions1 :ile ! females leave ev5 _! hair )\t any o!r dress+ ?an wip+ _! greasy h&s on ! matt$ locks1 :5 !y h be5 rubb+ _! bodies ) m>r[4 ,! clo?+ ( ! m5 9 summ] consi/s ( re9de] lea!r dress$ l %ammy1 :i*1 :5 newly made1 is beautifully :ite & s(t4 8,a %irt ( ?is mat]ial10 says ,sir ,john ,ri*>dson1 to :om we are indebt$ = ! be/ acc\nt ( ! v>i\s nations inhabit+ ! ,hudson's ,bay t]ritory1 8cut ev5ly bel[1 rea*es to ! middle2 ! ends ( a piece ( clo? secur$ to a wai/-b& hang d[n be=e & beh9d2 ! hose1 or ,indian /ock+s1 desc5d f ! top ( ! ?igh to ! ankle1 & a pair ( moccas9s or %oes ( ! same s(t lea!r ) tops :i* fold r\nd ! ankle1 complete ! co/ume4 ,:5 ! hunt] is equipp$ = ! *ase he we>s1 9 addition1 a /ripe ( :ite h>e-sk91 or ( ! belly "p ( a de]-sk91 9 a b&ana r\nd ! head1 ) 8 lank1 black elf-locks /ream+ f b5ea?2 a %ot-p\* susp5d$ by an embroid]$ belt1 a fire-bag or tobacco-p\* tuck$ into ! girdle1 & a long f[l+-piece ?r[n c>elessly across ! arm1 or balanc$ on ! back ( ! neck4 ,! sev]al articles "h enum]at$ are ornam5t$ at ! seams & hems ) lea!r ?ongs w\nd r\nd ) porcup9e quills1 or m or less embroid]$ ) bead-"w1 accord+ to ! indu/ry ( ! wife or wives4 ,"o ( ! "y m51 ev5 ( ! slov5ly ,dog-ribs1 :5 newly equipp$1 & tripp+ jauntily ov] ! mossy gr\nd ) an ela/ic /ep1 displays 8 slim & n ungraceful figure to advantage4 ,b ?is f9e dress once donn$ is nei!r laid aside nor clean$ :ile x la/s1 & soon acquires a d+y look1 & an odor :i* betrays its own] at "s di/ance4 ,9 ! camp a greasy blanket ( ,engli% manufacture is worn ov] ! %\ld]s by day1 & =ms ) ! clo!s ! b$d+ by night40 ,9 w9t] !y clo! !mselves ) moose or re9de] sk9s1 reta9+ ! hair1 :ile a l>ge robe ( ! same mat]ial is ?r[n ov] ! %\ld]s1 & hangs d[n to ! feet 9 place ( ! blanket4 ,! wom5's dress resembles ! m5's1 b ! skirt is some:at long]1 & g5]ally accompani$ by a petticoat :i* rea*es ne>ly to ! knee4 ,! =m ( dress "h describ$ is common to ! :ole ,t9n nation1 & also to ! ,crees1 b ! mat]ial v>ies ) ! di/rict4 ,?us moose-de]1 r$-de]1 & bison lea!r are 9 use among ! m s\!rn & we/]n tribes1 & ! ,h>e ,indians make _! skirts ( ! sk9s ( ! animal f :i* !y d]ive _! surname4 ,z ?is1 h[ev]1 is too t5d] to be us$ 9 ! ord9>y way1 x is torn into n>r[ /rips1 twi/$ slightly1 & plait$ or work$ into ! requir$ %ape4 ,su* is ! clos5ess & f95ess ( ! fur t ^! h>e-sk9 dresses are exce$+ly w>m1 not)/&+ ! clos5ess ( _! texture4 ,! ,h>e ,indian & ,dog-rib wom5 are c]ta9ly at ! bottom ( ! scale ( humanity 9 ,nor? ,am]ica4 ,n t !y are treat$ ) cruelty1 b t !y are look$ ^u z inf]ior be+s1 & 9 ?is belief !y !mselves acquiesce4 ,9 e>ly infancy ! boy discov]s t he may %[ any am\nt ( arrogance t[>ds 8 si/]s1 :o1 z soon z !y c walk1 are h>ness$ to a sl$ge1 :ile ! t9y hunt] /ruts 9 8 sn[-%oes aft] ! m5 & apes _! contempt ( ! wom54 ,all ! "w1 except hunt+ & fi%+1 falls to _! %>e2 yet !y are 9 g5]al n discont5t$ ) _! lot4 ,x w\ld be va9 to look among ! ,dog-ribs = ! /oicism popul>ly attribut$ to ! ,indians1 = !y %r9k f pa91 %$ te>s readily1 & are v timor\s2 b all1 "y & old1 enjoy a joke he>tily1 & :5 "y are lively & *e]ful4 ,:5 b&s ( _! nation meet ea* o!r aft] a long abs5ce1 !y p]=m a k9d ( dance4 ,a piece ( gr\nd is cle>$ = ! purpose1 & ! dance frequ5tly la/s = two or ?ree days1 ! p>ties reliev+ ea* o!r z !y get tir$4 ,! two b&s comm5ce ! dance ) _! backs turn$ to ea* o!r1 ! individuals foll[+ "o ano!r 9 ,indian file1 & hold+ ! b[ 9 ! left h& & an arr[ 9 ! "r4 ,!y approa* obliquely aft] _m turns1 & :5 ! two b&s are closely back to back1 !y feign to see ea* o!r = ! fir/ "t1 & ! b[ is in/antly transf]r$ to ! "r h& & ! arr[ to ! left1 signify+ t x is n _! int5tion to use !m aga9/ _! fri5ds4 ,_! danc+1 :i* !y accompany by a *orus ( groans1 comp>$ by ,sir ,john ,ri*>dson to ! deep sigh ( a pavior z he br+s 8 ramm] d[n ^u ! pavem5t1 has n ! lea/ pret5sions to grace2 _! knees & body are half b5t1 &1 f _! heavy /amp+1 !y appe> z if desir\s ( s9k+ into ! gr\nd4 ,! ,dog-ribs are practical sociali/s1 & _! wret*$ condition results 9 a great measure f ?is cause4 ,all may avail !mselves ( ! produce ( a hunt]'s en]gy or skill1 & d n ev5 leave him ! di/ribution ( 8 own game4 ,:5 x becomes kn[n 9 a camp t de] h be5 kill$1 ! old m5 & wom5 ( ea* family sally =? ) _! sl$ges & divide ! qu>ry1 leav+ ! own] no?+ b ! ribs & tongue--all he c claim ( "r4 ,unable to re/ra9 _! appetite1 all ! community fea/ 9 times ( abundance1 h[ev] little _m ( ! m5 7& !re are n a few idle ones7 may h contribut$ to ! common good4 ,taught by frequ5t suff]+s1 ! m active hunt]s frequ5tly )draw f ! wor?less drones1 leav+ !m at "s fi%+-/ation1 :]e1 ) prop] indu/ry1 !y may subsi/ com=tably4 ,fi%-diet is1 h[ev]1 n agreeable to _! ta/e1 & z soon z reports ( a successful *ase arrive1 a g5]al movem5t to ! hunt+-gr\nd ensues4 ,if on _! m>* ! crav+ multitude discov] a ho>d ( meat1 x is dev\r$ on ! spot2 b !y are n always s =tunate4 ,! de] & ! hunt]s may h gone (f1 & !n !y are oblig$ to retrace _! /eps1 _m p]i%+ by ! way4 ,! ,dog-ribs are n conspicu\s = hospitality4 ,:5 a /rang] ent]s a t5t he receives no welcome & pr(f] ( food1 ?\gh he may help himself f a piece ( meat hang+ on ! wall or jo9 ! repa/4 ,?\gh great li>s1 !y d n /eal ! :ite man's prop]ty l ! ,esquimaux & ,crees1 & :5 visit+ a =t1 !y may be tru/$ 9 any ( ! rooms4 ,z to _! religi\s belief1 ! majority ( ! nation recognize a ,great ,_s1 :ile o!rs d\bt 8 exi/5ce1 assign+ z a reason _! mis]able condition4 ,!y are 9 great fe> ( evil spirits1 :i*1 z !y imag9e1 assume ! =ms ( ! be>1 wolf1 & wolv]9e1 & 9 ! woods1 wat]s1 & des]t places !y fancy !y he> !m h[l+ 9 ! w9ds or moan+ by ! graves ( ! dead4 ,!y nev] make (f]+s to ! ,great ,_s1 b deprecate ! wra? ( an evil be+ by ! promise ( a sacrifice1 or by scatt]+ a h&ful ( de]-hair or a few fea!rs4 ,!y believe 9 a /ate ( future happ9ess or torm5t4 ,! s\l1 aft] dea?1 crosses a broad riv] 9 a boat1 & ?us endeavors to rea* ! opposite %ore1 :i* is adorn$ ) all ! beauties ( p>adise4 ,if lad5 ) crime1 ! boat s9ks "u ! weight1 & ! un=tunate s\l1 imm]s$ 9 wat]1 /rives 9 va9 to rea* ! blissful abode f :i* x is =ev] bani%$4 ,=m]ly :5 a ,t9n w>rior di$1 x 0 cu/om>y = ! family to ab&on e article !y possess$1 & betake !mselves1 9 a p]fectly de/itute condition1 to ! ne>e/ body ( _! own p or trad+-po/4 ,! advice ( trad]s is gradually break+ d[n ?is absurd practice1 :i* w\ld alone suffice to keep ?is p 9 a /ate ( p]petual pov]ty4 ,9 o!r respects also1 ,european influ5ce beg9s to make itself felt4 ,s9ce #ahdf ,roman ,ca?olic mission>ies are at "w among ! ,*epewyans1 & h taught _m ( _! conv]ts to read & write4 ,! ,a?abascans _h =m]ly b a small bre$ ( dogs1 n[ a /\t] race has1 9 "s respects1 ameliorat$ ! condition ( ! females1 & ! introduction ( ! horse1 :i* has m rec5tly tak5 place1 holds out prospects ( a /ill great] improvem5t4 ,! ,t9n are z giddy & ?\ghtless z *ildr54 ,:5 accompani$ by a :ite man !y w p]=m a long j\rney c>efully1 b c n be dep5d$ ^u to c>ry lett]s1 h[ev] high ! rew>d may be t has be5 promis$ !m on rea*+ _! de/9ation1 z ! lea/ :im suffices to make !m =get _! commission4 ,!y are g5]ally cont5t ) "o wife at a "t1 & none b ! *iefs h m ?an two4 ,! successful wre/l] takes ! wife ( 8 weak] c\ntryman1 :o consoles himself = 8 loss by endeavor+ to f9d "o weak] ?an himself4 ,t5d] & affectionate p>5ts1 ! ,t9n are totally indiff]5t to ! sorr[s ( helpless age4 ,dur+ ! /ay ( ,sir ,george ,back at ,=t ,reliance1 an old woman arriv$ !re on ,ea/] ,sunday1 clo!d 9 ragg$ re9de] sk9s1 worn d[n to a skeleton1 & grasp+ ) bo? h] h&s a /ick to support h] body1 b5t d\ble by age & want4 ,! /ory ( ! poor creature 0 soon told4 ,%e _h become a burd5 to h] family2 h] =m] s]vices _h all be5 =gott51 & %e _h be5 told 8t ?\gh %e /ill seem$ to live1 %e 0 9 reality dead1 & mu/ be ab&on$ to h] fate4 ,9 ! new =t %e might f9d assi/ance1 = ! :ite /rang]s 7 p[]ful m$ic9e-m540 ,?is _h happ5$ a mon? be=e1 & all ?is "t %e _h sl[ly crept along1 appeas+ h] hung] ) ! b]ries %e f\nd "h & !re on ! way4 ,:5 %e rea*$ ! =t x 0 too late2 %e di$ a few days aft] h] arrival4 ,,*apt] ,,xxxi4 ,,! ,,l\*eux1 ,,or ,,kut*9 ,,indians4 ,! ,c\ntries !y inhabit4--,_! ,appe>ance & ,dress4--,_! ,love ( ,f9]y4--,condition ( ! ,wom54--,/range ,cu/oms4-- ,"*4--,feuds ) ! ,esquimaux4--,_! suspici\s & timor\s ,lives4--,p\nds = cat*+ ,re9de]4--,_! ,lodges4 ,on ! banks ( ! ,l[] ,mack5zie1 to ! we/ ( ,great ,be> ,lake1 9 ! t]ritories dra9$ by ! ,peel ,riv] & by ! ,upp] ,yukon1 dwell ! ,l\*eux1 or ,kut*9 ,indians1 ^: language is totally diff]5t f t ( ! o!r ,nor? ,am]ican tribes1 & ^: cu/oms & mann]s also v>y consid]ably f ^? ( all _! neighbors1 bo? ,r$-sk9s & ,esquimaux4 ,!y are an a?letic & f9e-look+ p1 ) regul> features & a complexion ( a light] copp] color ?an t ( ! o!r ,r$ ,indians1 s t _m ( _! wom5 w\ld be reckon$ h&some 9 any c\ntry4 ,! females tattoo _! *9s & use a black pigm5t :5 !y pa9t _! faces1 :ile ! m5 employ bo? r$ & black on all occasions ( c]emony1 & always to be ready1 ea* c>ries a small bag ) r$ clay & black lead susp5d$ to 8 neck4 ,mo/ commonly ! eyes are encircl$ ) black1 a /ripe ( ! same runs d[n ! middle ( ! nose1 & a blot* is daub$ on ! upp] "p ( ea* *eek4 ,! =ehead is cross$ by _m n>r[ r$ /ripes1 & ! sk9 is /reak$ alt]nately ) r$ & black4 ,! out] %irt ( ! ,kut*9 is made ( ! sk9s ( fawn re9de]1 dress$ ) ! hair on aft] ! mann] ( ! ,h>e1 ,dog-rib1 & o!r ,*epewyan tribes1 b resembles 9 =m ! analog\s g>m5t ( ! ,esquimaux1 be+ furni%$ ) peak$ skirts1 ?\gh ( small] size4 ,! m5 we> ^! skirts be=e & beh9d2 ! wom5 h l>g] back skirts1 b none 9 front4 ,9 w9t] %irts ( h>e-sk9 are worn1 & ! pantaloons ( de]-sk9 h ! fur next ! sk94 ,none ( ! neighbor+ nations pay s mu* att5tion to p]sonal cleanl9ess1 or are s /udi\s 9 adorn+ _! p]sons4 ,a broad b& ( beads is worn across ! %\ld]s & brea/ ( ! %irt1 & ! h9d] "p ( ! dress is fr+$ ) tassels w\nd r\nd ) dy$ porcup9e quills & /rung ) ! silv]y fruit ( ! olea/] 7,elagnus arg5tea72 a /ripe ( beads1 /rung 9 alt]nate r$ & :ite squ>es1 ornam5t ! seams ( ! tr[s]s1 & b&s ( beads encircle ! ankles4 ,! poor] sort1 or ! less =tunate hunt]s1 :o are unable to procure ^! co/ly tr9kets 9 ! same enviable abundance z ! ri*1 /rive to we> at lea/ a /r+ ( beads1 & look d[n ) contemptu\s pity ^u ! /ill m ne$y class1 :i* is r$uc$ to adorn itself ) porcup9e quills only4 ,9 consequ5ce ( ?is passionate fondness = beads1 ^! ornam5ts s]ve z a m$ium ( ex*ange among ! ,kut*91 & ,sir ,john ,ri*>dson rem>ks t no su* ne> approa* to money has be5 inv5t$ by ! nations to ! ea/w>d ( ! ,rocky ,m\nta9s4 ,! /&>d bead1 & "o ( ! mo/ value1 is a l>ge "o ( :ite enamel1 manufactur$ 9 ,italy only1 & is ) difficulty procur$ 9 suffici5t quantity to satisfy ! dem&1 z beads are m priz$ ?an ,engli% clo? & blankets4 ,ano!r article v mu* 9 reque/ among ! ,kut*9 is ! l>ge ribb$ d5talium %ell :i* is collect$ 9 ! ar*ipelago betwe5 ,oregon & ,cape ,fairwea!r1 & passes by trade f tribe to tribe until x f9ds its way at l5g? to ! ,yukon4 ,) ?is %ell !y adorn _! mitt5s1 & ev5 atta* x to _! guns1 :i* h be5 lately introduc$1 & are 9 great dem&4 ,all m5 c>ry p[d] & ball1 :e!r !y own a gun or n1 & obta9 = x a %>e ( ! game4 ,! tribes on ! ,yukon tie _! hair beh9d 9 a cue1 or 8*ignon10 & daub x ) grease1 & ! d[n ( geese & ducks1 until1 by ! repetition ( ! process cont9u$ f infancy1 x swells to an enorm\s ?ickness1 s t ! weight ( ! accumulat$ load ( hair1 dirt1 & ornam5ts causes ! we>] to /oop =w>d habitually4 ,! tail-fea!rs ( ! eagle & fi%+-hawk are /uck into ! hair on ! back ( ! head1 & are remov$ only :5 ! own] retires to sleep1 or :5 he wi%es to wave !m to & fro 9 a dance4 ,! pr9cipal m5 h two or ?ree wives ea*1 :ile ! bad hunt]s are oblig$ to rema9 ba*elors4 ,a good wre/l]1 h[ev]1 ev5 ?\gh poor1 c always obta9 a wife4 ,! wom5 d all ! drudg]y 9 w9t] except cook+1 & d n eat till ! husb& is satisfi$4 ,9 summ] !y labor little1 except 9 dry+ meat or fi% = its pres]vation4 ,! m5 alone paddle :ile ! wom5 sit z pass5g]s1 & husb&s ev5 c>ry _! wives to ! %ore on _! arms1 t !y may n wet _! feet--an in/ance ( gallantry almo/ unp>allel$ 9 savage life4 ,! ,esquimaux wom5 r[ _! own 8oomiaks10 & ! ,*epewyan wom5 assi/ ! m5 9 paddl+ _! canoes4 ,on ! :ole1 ! social condition ( ! ,kut*9 wom5 is f> sup]ior to t ( ! ,t9n wom51 b sc>cely equal to t ( ! ,esquimaux dames4 ,!y d n c>ry _! *ildr5 9 _! hoods or boots l ! ,esquimaux1 nor d !y /uff !m into a bag ) moss l ! ,t9n & ,crees1 b !y place !m 9 a seat ( bir*-b>k1 ) a back & sides l ^? ( an arm*air1 & a pommel 9 front resembl+ ! peak ( a ,spani% saddle1 by :i* !y hang x f _! back4 ,! *ild's feet are b&ag$ to prev5t !m gr[+1 small feet be+ ?\ght h&some1 & consequ5tly %ort un%apely feet are *>act]i/ic ( ! p ( bo? sexes4 ,a m ridicul\s or insane cu/om c h>dly be imag9$ among a nation ( hunt]s4 ,! ,kut*9 are a lively1 *e]ful p1 fond ( danc+ & s++1 9 :i* !y excel all o!r ,indians2 leap+1 wre/l+1 & o!r a?letic ex]cises are likewise favorite amusem5ts4 ,!y are invet]ate talk]s4 ,e new-com] arriv+ at a trad+-po/ makes a long spee*1 :i* mu/ n be int]rupt$4 ,! belief 9 ,%amanism is /ill 9 full vigor among !m4 ,?\gh a trea*]\s p1 !y h nev] yet imbru$ _! h&s 9 ,european blood1 b !re are frequ5t feuds among _! v>i\s tribes1 by :i* "o-half ( ! population ( ! banks ( ! ,yukon has be5 cut (f )9 ! la/ tw5ty ye>s4 ,f a con/ant dread ( ambuscade1 !y d n travel except 9 l>ge p>ties2 & ?us a p]petual feel+ ( insecurity embitt]s _! lives1 :i* are already r5d]$ suffici5tly h>d by ! sev]ity ( an ,arctic climate4 ,! ag5ts ( ! ,hudson's ,bay ,company h endeavor$ by good advice1 & ! di/ribution ( l>ge pres5ts1 to e/abli% peace1 b h only met ) p>tial success4 ,l ! ,t9n1 ! ,kut*9 are 9 a /ate ( p]petual w>f>e ) ! ,esquimaux2 & ?\gh !y always *>ge ! latt] ) trea*]y1 yet !re c be no d\bt t ! accusation might1 ) full ju/ice1 be retort$ ^u !mselves4 ,"o ( ! ho/ile enc\nt]s1 m5tion$ by ,sir ,j4 ,ri*>dson1 des]ves notice1 on acc\nt ( its resemblance 9 "s p>ticul>s to ! meet+ ( ,joab & ,abn]1 record$ 9 ! ,second ,book ( ,samuel4 ,a p>ty ( ea* ( ! two nations hav+ met on ! banks ( a riv]1 ! "y m5 ( bo? p>ties rose up z if = a fri5dly dance4 ,! /ream glides peacefully along1 ! sett+ sun gilds ! p9e =e/ & sp>kles 9 ! wat]s2 all nature brea!s peace4 ,b ! ,esquimaux hav+1 accord+ to _! cu/om1 conceal$ _! long knives 9 ! sleeves ( _! de]-sk9 %irts1 sudd5ly draw !m 9 "o ( ! evolutions ( ! dance & plunge !m into _! oppon5ts4 ,a g5]al conflict ensues1 9 :i* ! ,kut*91 ?anks to _! guns1 ultimately prove victori\s4 8,ano!r incid5t10 says ,sir ,john ,ri*>dson1 8:i* occurr$ on ! banks ( ! ,yukon 9 #ahde1 gives u a f>!r insight into ! suspici\s & timor\s lives ( ^! p4 ,"o night f\r /rang]s f ! l[] "p ( ! riv] arriv$ at ! t5t ( an old man :o 0 sick1 & :o _h ) him only two sons1 "o ( !m a m]e boy4 ,! newcom]s ent]$ 9 a fri5dly mann]1 & :5 ! h\r ( repose came1 lay d[n2 b z !y did n sleep1 ! sons1 suspect+ f _! conduct t !y m$itat$ evil1 feign$ a desire ( visit+ _! moose-de] sn>es4 ,!y intimat$ _! purpose al\d to _! fa!r & w5t out1 tak+ ) !m _! b[s & arr[s4 ,in/ead1 h[ev]1 ( cont9u+ _! way into ! wood1 !y /ole back quietly to ! t5t1 & li/5+ on ! outside1 discov]$1 z !y fanci$1 f ! conv]sation ( ! /rang]s1 t _! fa!r's life 0 9 dang]4 ,kn[+ ! exact position ( ! inmates1 !y !reupon %ot _! arr[s ?r\gh ! sk9 cov]+ ( ! t5t & kill$ two ( ! /range ,indians2 & ! o!r two1 9 endeavor+ to make _! escape by ! door1 %>$ ! fate ( _! companions4 ,?is is spok5 ( 9 ! tribe z an exce$+ly brave action40 ,dur+ ! summ] ! ,yukon ,kut*9 dry1 = _! w9t] use1 ! :ite-fi% 7,coregonus albus71 :i* !y cat* by plant+ /akes across ! small] riv]s & n>r[ p>ts ( ! lakes & clos+ ! op5+s ) wick]-baskets4 ,!y take ! moose-de] 9 sn>es1 & t[>ds spr+ mo/ly resort to ! m\nta9s to hunt re9de] & lay 9 a /ock ( dri$ v5ison4 ,on ! op5 pa/ure-gr\nds frequ5t$ by ?is animal !y con/ruct l>ge p\nds4 ,two r[s ( po/s firmly plant$ 9 ! gr\nd1 & unit$ by ! addition ( /rong horizontal b>s into a regul> f5ce1 ext5d _! arms = ne>ly ! l5g? ( a mile 9 ! =m ( a ,roman ,v4 ,! extremity ( ! av5ue is clos$ by /akes ) %>p po9ts slop+ t[>ds ! entrance1 on :i* ! re9de]1 driv5 toge!r & hotly pursu$ by ! ,indians1 may impale !mselves 9 _! desp]ate flight4 ,! /ructure is erect$ ) great labor1 z ! timb] has to be transport$ into ! op5 c\ntry f a consid]able di/ance4 ,"s ( ^! may be a c5tury old1 & !y are ! h]$it>y possession ( ! families or tribes by :om !y 7 orig9ally con/ruct$4 ,b 9 spite ( all _! contrivances & ! use ( fire-arms1 ! ,kut*91 ^: numb]s on ! banks ( ! ,yukon are e/imat$ at ab\t a ?\s& m5 & boys able to hunt1 are frequ5tly r$uc$ to great di/ress4 ,h5ce ! old & infirm are m]cilessly left to _! fate :5 game is sc>ce1 & fam9e makes itself felt4 ,attempts h be5 va9ly made to bett] ! condition ( ! nor!rn ,indians by induc+ !m to tame ! re9de]4 ,_! sup]/ition is "o ( ! ob/acles aga9/ ?is useful innovation1 = !y fe> t 7 !y to make "s ( ! re9de] _! captives1 ! rema9d] w\ld imm$iately leave ! c\ntry4 8,& :y10 !y add1 8%\ld we foll[ l slaves a h]d ( tame animals1 :5 ! =e/ & ! b>r5 gr\nd provide u ) ! elk1 ! wild re9de]1 & ! musk-ox1 & our riv]s & lakes are fill$ ) fi%es t co/ u no?+ b ! tr\ble ( cat*+ !m80 ,ea* family possesses a de]-sk9 t5t or lodge1 :i* 9 summ]1 :5 9 que/ ( game1 is r>ely erect$4 ,! w9t] encampm5t is usually 9 a grove ( spruce-firs2 ! gr\nd be+ cle>$ ( sn[1 ! sk9s1 :i* are prep>$ ) ! hair1 are ext5d$ ov] flexible will[ poles :i* take a semicircul> =m4 ,?is hemisph]ical %ape ( lodges is n altoge!r unkn[n among ! ,*epewyans & ,crees1 be+ t g5]ally adapt$ = _! vapor ba?s1 fram$ ( will[ poles1 b _! dwell+-places are conical1 z /iff poles are us$ = _! con/ruction4 ,:5 ! t5t is erect$ ! sn[ is pack$ on outside to half its height1 & x is l9$ equally high )9 ) ! "y spray ( ! spruce-fir1 t ! bodies ( ! inmates may n re/ aga9/ ! cold wall4 ,! doorway is fill$ up by a d\ble fold ( sk91 & ! ap>tm5t has ! clos5ess & w>m? b n ! elegance ( ! ,esquimaux sn[ hut1 :i* x resembles 9 %ape4 ,?\gh only a v small fire is kept 9 ! c5tre ( ! lodge1 yet ! w>m? is z great z 9 a log-h\se4 ,! provisions are /or$ on ! outside "u fir bran*es & sn[1 & fur!r protect$ f ! dogs by sl$ges be+ plac$ on top4 ,,*apt] ,,xxxii4 ,,arctic ,,voyages ,,( ,,discov]y1 ,,f ,,! ,,cabots ,,to ,,baff94 ,fir/ ,sc&9avian ,discov]] ( ,am]ica4--,! ,cabots4--,will\ghby & ,*ancellor 7#aeec-aeed74--,/eph5 ,burr\gh 7#aeef74--;,frobi%] 7#aegf-aegh74--;,davis 7#aehe-aehg74--;,b>5tz1 ,cornelis1 & ,brant 7#aeid74--,w9t]+ ( ! ,dut* ,navigators 9 ,nova ,zembla 7#aeif-aeig74--;,john ,knight 7#afjf74--,murd]$ by ! ,esquimaux4-- ,h5ry ,hudson 7#afjg-afji74--;,baff9 7#afaf74 ,long be=e ,columbus sail$ f ! port ( ,palos 7#adib7 on t ev]-memorable voyage :i* *ang$ ! geography ( ! _w1 ! ,sc&9avians _h already f\nd ! way to ,nor? ,am]ica4 ,f ,gre5l&1 :i* 0 kn[n to !m z e>ly z ! n9? c5tury1 & :i* !y began to colonize 9 ! ye> #ihe1 !y sail$ f>!r to ! we/1 & gradually ext5d$ _! discov]ies f ! coa/s ( ,labrador1 ,nova ,scotia1 & ,newf\ndl&1 to ^? ( ! pres5t ,/ate ( ,rhode ,isl&1 :i*1 f ! wild v9es !y !re f\nd gr[+ 9 abundance1 !y call$ ! 8good ,v9l&40 ,b a long s]ies ( disa/]s de/roy$ _! ,gre5l& colonies ab\t ! end ( ! f\rte5? c5tury1 & z ,sc&9avia itself _h at t "t b v little int]c\rse ) ! m civiliz$ nations ( ,s\!rn ,europe1 x is n to be wond]$ at t1 despite ! discov]ies ( ,gnnbjorn & ,eric ! ,r$1 ! great we/]n cont95t rema9$ unkn[n to ! _w 9 g5]al4 ,"o ( ! fir/ consequ5ces ( ! a*ievem5ts ( ,columbus 0 ! r$iscov]y ( ! nor!rn "p ( ,am]ica1 = ! ,engli% m]*ants long$ to h a %>e ( ! comm]ce ( ,india2 & z ! ,pope _h assign$ ! ea/]n r\te to ! ,portuguese & ! we/]n "o to ! ,spani>ds1 !y resolv$ to asc]ta9 :e!r a ?ird & %ort] way to ! ,spice ,isl&s1 or to ! fabul\s gold5 regions ( ! ea/1 might n be f\nd by /e]+ to ! nor?-we/4 ,9 pursuance ( ^! views ,john & ,seba/ian ,cabot sail$ 9 #adig f ,bri/ol1 at t "t our fir/ comm]cial port1 & discov]$ ! :ole ,am]ican coa/ f ,labrador to ,virg9ia4 ,!y fail$ inde$ 9 ! object ( _! mission1 b !y laid ! fir/ f\ndations ( ! future colonial greatness ( ,engl&4 ,a second voyage1 9 #adih1 by ,seba/ian ,cabot alone1 )\t ! companion%ip ( 8 fa!r1 _h no important results1 b 9 a ?ird voyage :i* he und]took 9 se>* ( a nor?-we/ passage1 at ,h5ry ,,viii4's exp5se1 9 #aeaf or #aeag1 x is tol]ably c]ta9 t t great navigator discov]$ ! two /raits :i* n[ be> ! names ( ,davis & ,hudson4 ,! ,fr5* exp$itions ( ,v]azzani 7#aebc7 & ,jacques ,c>ti] 7#aebd71 h[ev] memorable 9 o!r respects1 hav+ be5 z unsuccessful z ^? ( ,cort]eal 7#aejj7 or ,gomez 7#aebd7 9 discov]+ ! desir$ nor?-we/]n passage1 ,seba/ian ,cabot1 :o 9 #aedi 0 creat$ ,gr& ,pilot ( ,engl&1 />t$ 9 8 old age ano!r idea1 :i* has become almo/ equally mom5t\s 9 ! hi/ory ( ,arctic discov]y--! se>* = a nor?-ea/]n r\te to ,*9a4 ,accord+ly1 9 ! ye> #aeec1 a squadron ( ?ree small vessels1 "u ! comm& ( ,sir ,hugh ,will\ghby1 ,*ancellor1 & ,durfoor?1 set sail f ,ratcliffe1 ) ! va9 hope ( rea*+ ,india by sail+ r\nd ,nor? ,asia1 ! =mation & va/ ext5t ( :i* 7 at t "t totally unkn[n4 ,(f ,s5jan1 an isl& on ! ,norwegian coa/ 9 lat4 #fi1 ! %ips p>t$ company 9 a /ormy night1 nev] to meet aga94 ,will\ghby & ,durfoor? rea*$ ! coa/ ( ,nova ,zembla1 & ultimately s\ght a h>bor 9 ,lapl& on ! we/ side ( ! entrance into ! ,:ite ,sea1 :]e ! capta9-g5]al1 (fic]s1 & crews ( bo? %ips 7 mis]ably froz5 to dea?1 z "s ,russian fi%]m5 asc]ta9$ 9 ! foll[+ spr+4 ,h[ long !y su/a9$ ! sev]ity ( ! wea!r is n kn[n1 b ! j\rnals & a w f\nd on bo>d ! 8,admiral0 prov$ t ,sir ,hugh ,will\ghby & mo/ ( t %ip's company 7 alive 9 ,janu>y1 #aeed4 ,!y di$ ! victims ( inexp]i5ce2 = _h !y1 z ,sir ,john ,ri*>dson rem>ks1 be5 skill$ 9 hunt+ & clo?+ !mselves1 & tak5 ! precaution moreov] ( lay+ 9 at ! beg9n+ ( ! w9t] a /ock ( mossy turf su* z ! c\ntry produces = fuel1 & above all _h !y secur$ a few ( ! v _m seals & belug :i* ab\nd$ 9 ! sea ar\nd !m1 !y might h pres]v$ _! lives & pass$ an endurable w9t]4 ,*ancellor 0 ei!r m =tunate or m skillful1 = aft] hav+ long be5 buffet$ ab\t by /ormy wea!r1 he ev5tually rea*$ ,/4 ,ni*olas1 9 ! ,:ite ,sea4 ,f !nce he proce$$ ov]l& to ,mosc[1 & deliv]$ 8 cr$5tials to ! ,cz>1 ,ivan ,vasilovit*1 f :om he obta9$ _m privileges = ! company ( m]*ants :o _h fitt$ out ! exp$ition4 ,9 #aeed he return$ to ,engl&1 & %ortly aft]w>ds 0 s5t back to ,russia by ,que5 ,m>y = ! purpose ( negotiat+ a treaty ( comm]ce betwe5 ! two nations4 ,hav+ satisfactorily accompli%$ 8 mission1 he once m set sail f ! ,:ite ,sea1 accompani$ by a ,muscovite ambassador4 ,b ?is "t ! return voyage 0 extremely un=tunate1 = ,*ancellor1 aft] los+ two ( 8 vessels (f ! coa/ ( ,norway1 0 c>ri$ by a viol5t tempe/ into ! ,bay ( ,pitsligo1 9 ,scotl&1 :]e 8 %ip 0 wreck$4 ,he endeavor$ to save ! ambassador & himself 9 a boat1 b ! small p9nace 0 upset2 & al?\gh ! ,russian safely rea*$ ! /r&1 ! ,engli%man1 aft] hav+ escap$ s _m dang]s 9 ! ,arctic ,ocean1 0 dr[n$ )9 sight ( 8 native %ores4 ,9 #aeef ! ,muscovy ,company fitt$ out ! ,s]*?rift p9nace1 "u ! comm& ( ,/eph5 ,burr\gh1 = discov]y t[>ds ! ,riv] ,obi & f>!r se>* = a nor?-ea/ passage4 ,?is small vessel rea*$ ! /rait betwe5 ,nova ,zembla & ,vaigats1 call$ by ! ,russians ! ,k>a ,gate1 b ! enorm\s masses ( ice t came float+ ?r\gh ! *annel compell$ x to return4 ,9 spite ( ^! repeat$ disappo9tm5ts1 ! desire to discov] a nor!rn r\te to ,india 0 too great to all[ an ent]pris+ nation l ! ,engli% to ab&on ! s*eme z hopeless4 ,?us 9 ! days ( ,elizabe? ! "q ( ! nor?-we/ passage 0 aga9 reviv$1 & ,m>t9 ,frobi%]1 :o _h solicit$ m]*ants & nobles dur+ fifte5 ye>s = means to und]take 8! only great ?+ left undone 9 ! _w10 sail$ 9 ! ye> #aegf ) ?ree small vessels ( #ce1 #cj1 & #aj tons1 on no less an err& ?an ! circumnavigation ( ,nor!rn ,am]ica4 ,! read] may smile at ! ignorance :i* enc\rag$ su* ef=ts1 b he c n fail to admire ! iron-he>t$ man :o v5tur$ 9 su* wret*$ nut%ells to face ! ,arctic seas4 ,! exp$ition safely rea*$ ! coa/s ( ,gre5l& & ,labrador1 & br\ght home "s glitt]+ /ones1 ! lu/re ( :i* 0 errone\sly attribut$ to gold4 ,?is belief s inflam$ ! zeal = new exp$itions to 8,meta ,incognita10 z ,frobi%] _h nam$ ! coa/s he _h discov]$1 t he f\nd no difficulty 9 equipp+ ?ree %ips ( a mu* l>g] size1 t !y might be able to hold m ( ! anticipat$ treasure4 ,at ! entrance ( ! /raits :i* /ill be> 8 "n1 he 0 prev5t$ by ! gales & drift-ice f =c+ a passage to ! sea beyond1 b hav+ secur$ ab\t #bjj tons ( ! suppos$ gold5 ore1 ! exp$ition 0 consid]$ em95tly successful4 ,a l>ge squadron ( fifte5 vessels 0 consequ5tly fitt$ out 9 #aegh = a ?ird voyage1 & commission$ n only to br+ back an untold am\nt ( treasure1 b also to take out mat]ials & m5 to e/abli% a colony on ^? desolate %ores4 ,b ?is gr& exp$ition1 :i* sail$ ) su* extravagant hopes1 0 to end 9 disappo9tm5t4 ,"o ( ! l>ge/ vessels 0 cru%$ by an iceb]g at ! entrance ( ! /rait1 & ! o!rs 7 s beat5 ab\t by /orms & ob/ruct$ by fogs t !y 7 at l5g? glad to return to ,engl& )\t hav+ done any ?+ = ! advancem5t ( geographical k4 ,! utt] wor?lessness ( ! glitt]+ /ones hav+ mean:ile be5 discov]$1 ,frobi%] rel9qui%$ all fur!r attempts to pu% 8 =tunes 9 ! nor!rn regions1 & s\ght new laurels 9 a sunni] clime4 ,he accompani$ ,drake to ! ,we/ ,indies1 comm&$ subsequ5tly "o ( ! l>ge/ vessels oppos$ to ! ,spani% ,armada1 & end$ 8 h]oic life :ile attack+ a small ,fr5* =t 9 behalf ( ,h5ry ,,iv4 dur+ ! w> ) ! ,league4 ,! discov]y ( ! ,nor?-we/]n ,passage 01 h[ev]1 /ill ! great ent]prise ( ! day1 & ?us sundry ,london m]*ants aga9 8ca/ 9 _! adv5ture10 & s5t out ,john ,davis1 9 #aehe1 ) 8 two %ips1 8,sun%9e0 & 8,moon%9e10 c>ry+1 besides _! m necess>y equipm5ts1 a b& ( music 8to *e] & recreate ! spirits ( ! natives40 ,davis arriv$ 9 sight ( ! s\?-we/]n coa/ ( ,gre5l&1 :]e he saw a high m\nta9 7,sukk]topp57 t[]+ l a cone ( silv] ov] ! fog :i* veil$ ! dismal %ore4 ,! voyag]s 7 glad to turn f ! gloomy sc5e1 & to /e] ?r\gh ! op5 wat] to ! nor?-we/1 :]e1 on ,augu/ #f1 !y discov]$ l& 9 latitude #ff #dj altoge!r free f 8! pe/]s ( ice1 & ank]$ 9 a v fair rode40 ,a fri5dly und]/&+ 0 e/abli%$ ) ! ,esquimaux1 & a lively traffic op5$1 ! natives eag]ly giv+ _! sk9s & furs = beads & knives1 until a brisk w9d sep>at$ ! /range visitants f _! simple-m9d$ fri5ds4 ,! rema9d] ( ! season 0 sp5t 9 explor+ ,cumb]l& ,s\nd & ! entrance to ,frobi%]'s & ,hudson's ,/raits4 ,9 ! foll[+ ye> ,davis und]took a second voyage to ! nor?-we/1 = :i* ! 8,sun%9e0 & 8,moon%9e0 7 aga9 engag$1 ) two o!r vessels4 ,on ,june #bi1 #aehf1 he l&$ on ! coa/ ( ,gre5l&1 9 latitude #fd1 & soon aft] /e]$ to ! we/4 ,! enorm\s ice-floes :i*1 z is well kn[n1 come drift+ f ,baff9's ,bay until ! season is f> advanc$1 oppos$ 8 progress4 ,= "s days he coa/$ ^! float+ isl&s1 :5 a fog came on1 dur+ :i* ropes1 sails1 & cordage 7 alike fa/ froz51 & ! seam51 hopeless ( accompli%+ ! passage1 w>n$ _! comm&] t 8by 8 ov]-boldness he might cause _! wid[s & fa!rless *ildr5 to give him bitt] curses40 ,t\*$ by ?is appeal1 ,davis ord]$ two ( 8 %ips to return home1 & pu%+ on 9 ! 8,moon%9e0 ) ! bolde/ ( 8 foll[]s1 he rea*$ ! ,am]ican %ore1 :i* he coa/$ f #fg to #eg ( latitude4 ,(f ! coa/ ( ,labrador two ( 8 sailors 7 kill$ by ! natives1 & ,septemb] be+ u%]$ 9 by viol5t gales1 he gave up fur!r attempts = ! ye>1 & return$ to ,engl&4 ,on ,june #af1 #aehg1 we once m f9d him on ! coa/ ( ,gre5l&1 9 8 old tri$ b>k ! 8,sun%9e10 9 company ) ! 8,elizabe?0 & a p9nace4 ,! supplies = ?is ?ird voyage be+ furni%$ "u ! express condition t ! exp5ses %\ld be light5$ z mu* z possible by fi%+ at all suitable times1 ! two l>g] %ips 7 /ation$ = ! purpose ne> ! "p ( ! coa/ :i* !y _h =m]ly visit$1 :ile ,davis /e]$ =w>d 9 ! small & ill-condition$ vessel :i* alone rema9$ at 8 disposal4 ,he fir/ sail$ along ! ,gre5l& coa/ z f> z #gb lat41 :]e1 hav+ fairly ent]$ ,baff9's ,bay1 he nam$ ! po9t at :i* he t\*$ ,s&]son's ,hope1 9 honor ( 8 *ief patron1 & !n /e]$ to ! we/1 until he once m fell 9 ) ! ice-b>ri] :i* _h prev5t$ 8 progress ! ye> be=e4 ,"t & p]sev]ance1 h[ev]1 ov]came all ob/acles1 & by ,july #ai he _h cross$ to ! opposite side ( ! /rait :i* be>s 8 "n4 ,he !n sail$ = two days up ,cumb]l& ,/rait--:i*1 x w be rememb]$1 he discov]$ on 8 fir/ exp$ition--b believ+ ?is passage to be an inclos$ gulf1 he return$1 & aga9 pass+ ! entrance to ,hudson's ,bay )\t an ef=t to inve/igate x1 repair$ to ! r5dezv\s appo9t$ = ! two :al+-vessels to meet him on _! way to ,engl&4 ,b :o c pa9t 8 a/oni%m5t & con/]nation :5 he f\nd t 8 companions _h sail$ away1 leav+ him to f9d 8 way home 9 8 mis]able p9nace1 :i*1 h[ev]1 l&$ him safely on 8 native %ores8 ,?is 0 ! la/ ( ! ,arctic voyages ( t great navigator1 = ! _s ( ! nation 0 *ill$ by 8 ?ree successive disappo9tm5ts2 & all ! zeal ) :i* he plead$ = a f\r? exp$ition prov$ fruitless4 ,he subsequ5tly made five voyages to ! ,ea/ ,indies1 & 0 kill$ on ,decemb] #bg1 #afje1 on ! coa/ ( ,malacca1 9 a fight ) ! ,malays4 ,sev5 ye>s aft] ,davis's la/ ,arctic voyage ! ,dut* made _! fir/ appe>ance on ! sc5e ( nor!rn discov]y4 ,?is p]sev]+ p _h j !n succe$$ 9 ca/+ (f ! ,spani% yoke1 & 0 n[ /riv+ to ga91 by ! developm5t ( 8 m>itime trade1 a position among ! neighbor+ /ates1 :i* ! smallness ( its t]ritory seem$ to d5y to x4 ,all ! kn[n av5ues to ! treasures ( ! s\? 7 at t "t too well gu>d$ by ! fleets ( ,portugal & ,spa9 to admit ( any rivalry2 b if =tune favor$ !m 9 f9d+ ! yet unexplor$ nor!rn passage to ,india1 !y might /ill hope to secure a lion's %>e 9 t mo/ lucrative ( trades4 ,animat$ by ?is laudable _s ( ent]prise1 ! m]*ants ( ,am/]dam1 ,enkhuiz51 & ,middelburg fitt$ out 9 #aeid an exp$ition 9 que/ ( ! nor?-ea/]n passage1 :i* !y intru/$ to ! comm& ( ,cornelius ,corneliszoon1 ,brant ,ysbrantzoon1 & ,william ,b>5tz1 "o ( ! mo/ exp]i5c$ seam5 ( ! day4 ,! ?ree vessels sail$ f ! ,texel on ,june #f1 & hav+ rea*$ ! coa/ ( ,lapl&1 sep>at$ into two divisions2 ,b>5tz *oos+ ! bold] c\rse ( coa/+ ! we/ side ( ,nova ,zembla z f> z ! isl&s ( ,orange1 ! mo/ nor!rly po9ts ( ! ar*ipelago2 :ile 8 less adv5tur\s comrades 7 cont5t$ to sail along ! ,russian coa/ until !y rea*$ a /rait1 to :i* !y gave ! v appropriate "n ( ,vaigats1 or 8,w9d-hole40 ,=c+ _! way ?r\gh ! ice1 :i* almo/ con/antly blocks up ! entrance to ! ,k>a ,sea1 !y saw1 on r\nd+ a promontory at ! o!r end ( ! /rait1 a cle> expanse ( blue op5 sea1 /ret*+ onw>d z f> z ! eye c\ld rea*1 :ile ! cont95t tr5d$ away rapidly t[>ds ! s\?-ea/4 ,!y n[ no long] d\bt$ t !y _h sail$ r\nd ! fam\s ,cape ,tab9--a fabul\s headl&1 :i*1 accord+ to ,pl9y 7an indisputable au?ority 9 ^? times ( geographical ignorance71 =m$ ! nor!rn extremity ( ,asia1 f :5ce ! voyage 0 suppos$ to be easy to its ea/]n & s\!rn %ores4 ,little did ,brant & ,cornelius dream t )9 ! ,arctic ,circle ! ,asiatic coa/ /ill /ret*$ #abj to ! ea/2 & fully tru/+ _! errone\s impressions1 !y />t$ 9 full sail = ,holl&1 eag] to br+ to _! c\ntrym5 ! news ( _! imag9>y success4 ,(f ,russian ,lapl& !y fell 9 ) ,b>5tz1 :o1 hav+ arriv$ at ! nor!rn extremity ( ,nova ,zembla--a high] latitude ?an any navigator is record$ to h rea*$ be=e--_h turn$ back be=e /rong oppos+ w9ds & float+ ice1 & ! ?ree vessels return$ toge!r to ,texel4 ,su* 7 ! hopes rais$ by ! discov]y ( ! imag9>y ,cape ,tab9 t1 los+ sight ( _! habitual caution1 ! m]*ants ( ,middelburg1 ,enkhuiz51 ,rott]dam1 & ,am/]dam imm$iately fitt$ out a fleet ( six %ips1 lad5 ) all sorts ( m]*&ise fit = ! ,indian m>ket4 ,a little ya*t 0 add$1 :i* 0 to accompany ! fleet z f> z t promontory1 & !nce to return ) ! good news t ! squadron _h be5 left /e]+ ) a favorable w9d "r (f to ,india4 ,b1 z may well be suppos$1 ^! sangu9e hopes1 built on ! unsub/antial fabric ( a vision1 7 doom$ to a w(ul disappo9tm5t1 = ! 8,w9d-hole ,/rait10 do+ full ju/ice to its "n1 did n all[ ! vessels to pass2 & aft] fruitless ef=ts to =ce _! way ?r\gh ! ice-blocks :i* ob/ruct$ t inhospitable *annel1 !y return$ cre/fall5 to ! port :5ce !y _h sail$ a few mon?s be=e ) su* brilliant expectations4 ,al?\gh great disappo9tm5t 0 felt at ?is failure1 ! s*eme ( sail+ r\nd ,cape ,tab9 to ,india 01 h[ev]1 n ab&on$ by ! p]sev]+ ,am/]dam]s2 &1 on ,may #af1 #aeif1 ,heemsk]k1 ,b>5tz1 & ,cornelis ,ryp once m />t$ = ! nor?-ea/4 ,be> ,isl& & ,spitzb]g5 7 discov]$1 :]eupon ! %ips sep>at$1 ,cornelis & ,heemsk]k return+ to ,holl&1 :ile ,b>5tz1 sl[ly mak+ 8 way ?r\gh ! fog & ice1 advanc$ to ! mo/ nor!rn po9t ( ,nova ,zembla1 ! crew be+ enc\rag$ by ! tid+s t f ! high cliffs ( ,orange ,isl& cle> op5 wat] _h be5 se5 to ! s\?-ea/4 ,! ef=t to rea* ?is invit+ *annel 0 fru/rat$ by ! ice1 :i* ga!r$ ab\t ! %ip z x lay ne> %ore1 & gradually collect+ "u & ar\nd x1 rais$ x f> above ! level ( ! sea4 ,all hope ( return be=e ! next summ] n[ vani%$1 b ^! brave sailors submitt$ ) resignation to _! fate1 8?\gh mu* griev$10 says ,g]rit de ,ve]1 :o 0 himself an eye-witness ( all ! incid5ts he relates1 8to live !re all t cold w9t]1 :i* we knew w\ld fall out to be extremely bitt]40 ,=tunately a quantity ( drift-wood 0 f\nd on ! /r&1 :i* s]v$ ! ,dut*m5 bo? = ! con/ruction ( a small hut & = fuel4 ,z e>ly z ,septemb] ! gr\nd 0 froz5 s h>d t !y tri$ 9 va9 to dig a grave = a dead comrade1 & _! cramp$ f+]s c\ld h>dly build ! hut1 :i* 0 ! m necess>y1 z ! vessel1 crack+ "u ! pressure ( ! ice1 gave signs ( spe$ily break+ up altoge!r4 ,by ! middle ( ,octob] ! rude dwell+ 0 complet$1 & ?\gh its accommodation 0 scanty1 !y 7 glad to take up _! abode 9 x at once4 ,! be/ place by ! c5tral fire 0 assign$ to a sick comrade1 :ile all ! re/ arrang$ _! b$s z be/ !y c\ld on %elves :i* _h be5 built r\nd ! walls4 ,an exam9ation into ! /ate ( _! provisions %[$ ! necessity ( r$uc+ _! daily rations ( bread1 *eese1 & w9e1 b by sett+ traps !y caught a good _m ,arctic foxes1 :i* gave !m an occasional supply ( fre% food4 ,! sun _h n[ entirely tak5 8 dep>ture1 & ! long w9t] night ( ! #ge #dc ( latitude set 91 dur+ :i* sn[drifts & impetu\s w9ds conf9$ !m to _! mis]able hut4 8,we look$ pitifully "o ^u ! o!r10 says ,de ,ve]1 8be+ 9 great fe> t if ! extremity ( ! cold grew to be m & m1 we %\ld all die !re ( cold1 = t :at fire soev] we made w\ld n w>m u40 ,! ice 0 n[ two in*es ?ick ^u ! walls1 & ev5 on ! sides ( _! sleep+ cots & ! v clo!s !y wore 7 :it5$ ) fro/4 ,yet 9 ! mid/ ( all _! suff]+s ^! brave m5 ma9ta9$ *e]ful he>ts2 & s great 0 _! ela/icity ( _s t1 rememb]+ ,janu>y #e 0 ,twelf? ,eve1 !y resolv$ to celebrate x z be/ !y might4 8,& !n10 says ! old *ronicl]1 8we pray$ our ,mai/] t we might be m]ry t night1 & said t we 7 cont5t to sp5d "s ( ! w9e t night :i* we _h sp>$1 & :i* 0 our %>e 7"o glass7 e second day1 & :]e( = c]ta9e days we _h n dranke1 & s t night we made m]ry & drew = k+4 ,& !re) we _h two p\nds ( meal1 :]e( we made pancakes ) oyle1 & e man _h a :ite biscuit :i* we sopt 9 ! w9e4 ,& s suppos+ t we 7 9 our owne c\ntry & among/ our fri5ds1 x com=t$ u well z if we _h made a great banquet 9 our owne h\se4 ,& we also made tr9kets1 & our gunn] 0 k+ ( ,novaya ,zemlya1 :i* is at lea/ #hjj miles long & lye? betwe5 two seas40 ,on ,janu>y #bd ! edge ( ! sun appe>$ above ! horizon1 & ! sight 0 a joyful "o inde$4 ,n[ also ! furi\s sn[-/orm ceas$1 & ?\gh ! sev]ity ( ! cold cont9u$ unabat$1 !y 7 bett] able to brave ! out] air & to recruit _! /r5g? by ex]cise4 ,) ! return ( daylight ! be>s came aga9 ab\t ! h\se1 & "s be+ %ot1 af=d$ a v seasonable supply ( grease1 s t !y 7 able to burn lamps & pass ! "t 9 read+4 ,:5 summ] return$ x 0 f\nd impossible to dis5gage ! ice-b\nd vessel1 & ! only hopes ( escap+ f ?is dre>y prison n[ re/$ on two small boats1 9 :i* !y f9ally quitt$ ! sc5e ( s mu* suff]+ on ,june #ad1 #aeif4 ,on ! f\r? day ( _! voyage _! b>ks became surr\nd$ by enorm\s masses ( float+ ice1 :i* s cru%$ & injur$ !m t ! crews1 giv+ up all hope1 took a solemn leave ( ea* o!r4 ,b 9 ?is desp]ate crisis !y ow$ _! pres]vation to ! pres5ce ( m9d & agility ( ,de ,ve]1 :o1 ) a well-secur$ rope1 leap$ f "o ice-block to ano!r till he rea*$ a l>g] floe1 on :i* fir/ ! sick1 !n ! /ores1 ! crews1 & f9ally ! boats !mselves 7 fairly l&$4 ,"h !y 7 oblig$ to rema9 :ile ! boats und]w5t ! necess>y repairs1 & dur+ ?is det5tion ^u a float+ ice raft ! gallant ,b>5tz clos$ ! ev5tful voyage ( 8 life4 ,he di$ z he _h liv$1 calmly & bravely1 ?9k+ less ( himself ?an ( ! welf>e ( 8 fell[-suff]]s1 = 8 la/ words 7 directions z to ! c\rse 9 :i* !y 7 to /e]4 ,8 dea? 0 bitt]ly m\rn$ by ! r\gh m5 "u 8 comm&1 & ev5 ! prospect ( a return to _! homes c\ld n console !m = ! loss ( _! belov$ lead]4 ,aft] a mo/ t$i\s passage 7= by ,july #bh !y _h only rea*$ ! s\!rn extremity ( ,nova ,zembla7 !y at l5g?1 at ! end ( ,augu/1 arriv$ at ,kola1 9 ,russian ,lapl&1 :]e1 to _! glad surprise1 !y f\nd _! old comrade1 ,john ,cornelison ,ryp1 ) :om !y return$ to ,am/]dam4 ,mean:ile ! _s ( discov]y _h once m recov]$ 9 ,engl& f ! *ill ?r[n ^u x by s _m previ\s disappo9tm5ts4 ,9 #afjb1 ,weym\?1 :ile attempt+ to sail up ! promis+ inlet1 n[ s well-kn[n z ! entrance to ,hudson's ,bay1 0 repuls$ by a viol5t /orm1 & 9 #afjf a melan*oly issue await$ ! next exp$ition to ! nor?-we/1 :i* sail$ "u ! comm& ( ,john ,knight1 a brave & exp]i5c$ sailor4 ,driv5 by /ormy wea!r among ! drift-ice on ! coa/ ( ,labrador1 ,knight 0 fa9 to take %elt] 9 ! fir/ cove t pres5t$ itself1 & lo/ no "t 9 ord]+ 8 damag$ %ip ( =ty tons to be drawn high up on ! dry s& beyond ! tide m>k1 :]e %e might und]go ! necess>y repairs4 ,?is position1 h[ev]1 n prov+ satisfactory1 he mann$ 8 boat next day1 & :ile ! re/ ( ! crew 7 busy at "w1 sail$ across to ! o!r side ( ! inlet to seek = "s m conv5i5t an*orage4 ,leav+ two m5 9 *>ge ( ! boat1 he l&$ ) 8 mate & ?ree ( 8 m5 to explore ! /range coa/4 ,!y climb$ ! /eep acclivity ( ! %ore1 l+]$ = a mom5t on ! summit ( ! cliffs1 & be=e disappe>+ on ! o!r side ex*ang$ greet+s ( f>ewell ) _! messmates 9 ! boat1 :o little imag9$ t x 0 a p>t+ =ev]4 ,ev5+ came on1 & !n d>k5$ into night2 muskets 7 fir$ & trumpets s\nd$1 b no answ] 0 made1 & elev5 o'clock arriv+ )\t any sign or signal ( ! miss+ p>ty1 ! m5 :o _h t>ri$ on %ore m\rnfully return$ to ! %ip ) ! dismal tid+s ( ! loss ( _! brave comm&] & 8 comrades4 ,dur+ ?is melan*oly night1 pass$ 9 alt]nate lam5tations & plans = se>* & rescue1 ! ice _h s accumulat$ 9 ! *annel :i* ! un=tunate ,knight cross$ ! day be=e1 t ?\gh ! boat 0 spe$ily rigg$ = ! exp$ition1 & ! p>ty :o occupi$ x 7 "o & all uncontrollably eag] to />t1 ! morn+ light conv9c$ ! mo/ sangu9e ( ! utt] impossibility ( =c+ _! way across ! gulf4 ,?us pass$ two wret*$ days ( unc]ta9ty1 r5d]$ d\bly mis]able by ! inactivity to :i* !y 7 condemn$1 :5 on ! night ( ! second day ! little encampm5t 0 attack$ by a l>ge p>ty ( natives1 ^: ho/ility left no d\bt ab\t ! fate :i* _h befall5 _! miss+ fri5ds4 ,a volley ( musketry soon disp]s$ ! savages1 b fe>+ future attacks1 ! crew1 n[ only eight 9 numb]1 at once resolv$ to put to sea 9 _! crazy b>k1 :i*1 ?\gh depriv$ ( its rudd]1 & s leaky t ! pumps 7 oblig$ to be con/antly at "w1 safely c>ri$ !m to ,newf\ndl&4 ,9 ! ye> #afjg ,h5ry ,hudson made ! fir/ attempt to sail across ! ,nor? ,pole1 a plan />t$ 9 #aebg by ,rob]t ,?orne1 b n yet act$ ^u by any "o dur+ ! eighty ye>s t _h s9ce pass$4 ,he rea*$ ! ea/ coa/ ( ,gre5l& 9 #gc ( latitude1 & !n proce$$ to ! nor!rn extremity ( ,spitzb]g51 b all 8 ef=ts to laun* =? into ! unkn[n ocean beyond 7 baffl$ by ! ice-fields t oppos$ 8 progress4 ,9 8 next voyage 7#afjh7 he va9ly tri$ = ! nor?-ea/ passage1 b 8 ?ird voyage 7#afji71 :i* he p]=m$ 9 ! s]vice ( ! ,dut*1 l$ to ! discov]y ( ! magnific5t riv] :i* /ill be>s 8 "n1 & at ^: m\? ! 8,empire ,city0 ( ! great ,am]ican republic has aris54 ,9 ,april1 #afaj1 we f9d him sett+ sail on ! la/ & mo/ celebrat$ ( 8 voyages4 ,9 all b its comm&]1 ?is exp$ition 0 mis]ably inadequate to ! object ( its mission1 = x consi/$ only ( "o vessel ( fifty-five tons provision$ = six mon?s1 & mann$ by a crew :o spe$ily prov$ !mselves to be utt]ly unwor?y ( _! lead]4 ,on ent]+ ,hudson's ,/raits1 ! l>ge masses ( ice :i* encumb]$ ! surface ( ! wat] & ! ?ickness ( ! con/ant fogs made !m lose all c\rage1 & !y e>ne/ly begg$ _! comm&] to return at once to ,engl&4 ,b ,hudson press$ on until at la/ 8 little b>k em]g$ into a va/ op5 wat] rippl+ & sp>kl+ 9 ! morn+ sun%9e4 ,hudson's ,bay exp&$ be=e him1 & ! enraptur$ discov]] 0 fully conv9c$ t ! nor?-we/]n r\te to ,india n[ lay op5 to ! m>9]s ( ,engl&4 ,x 0 ! beg9n+ ( ,augu/1 & ! da/>dly crew consid]+ ! passage effect$1 urg$ an imm$iate return2 b ,hudson 0 det]m9$ on complet+ ! adv5ture1 & w9t]+1 if possible1 on ! sunny %ores ( ,india4 ,= ?ree mon?s he cont9u$ track+ ! s\? coa/s ( t va/ nor!rn ,m$it]ranean1 b all 8 hopes ( f9d+ a new *annel op5+ to ! s\? prov$ va91 until at l5g? ! %ip 0 froz5 9 on ,novemb] #aj 9 ! s\?-ea/ corn] ( ,james's ,bay4 ,a dre>y w9t] await$ ! ice-b\nd seam51 ) almo/ exhau/$ provisions1 & un=tunately )\t t h]oic pati5ce & concord :i* _h su/a9$ ! c\rage ( ,b>5tz & 8 companions "u trials f> m sev]e4 ,b spr+ came at la/1 & reviv$ ! spirits ( _! lead]4 ,8 %ip 0 once m afloat1 once m 8 fancy indulg$ 9 visions ( ! sunny ,ea/1 :51 z he /epp$ on deck on ! morn+ ( ,june #ba1 8 arms 7 sudd5ly p9ion$1 & he f\nd himself 9 ! p[] ( ?ree ( 8 m54 ,inquiry1 remon/rance1 entreaty1 comm&1 all fail$ to draw a ^w f ! /ubborn mut9e]s1 & ,hudson resign$ himself bravely to 8 fate1 &1 ) ! quiet dignity ( a noble nature1 look$ on calmly at ! om9\s prep>ations go+ =w>d4 ,a small op5 boat 0 9 wait+1 & into ?is ,hudson--8 h&s be+ previ\sly ti$ beh9d 8 back--0 l[]$2 "s p[d] & %ot & ! c>p5t]'s box came next1 foll[$ by ! c>p5t] himself1 ,john ,k+1 ^: "n ought to be held 9 honorable remembrance1 z he alone among ! crew rema9$ true to 8 ma/]4 ,six invalids 7 also =c$ into ! boat1 :i* 0 !n cut adrift1 & ! vessel sail$ onw>d on its homew>d c\rse4 ,no?+ m 0 ev] he>d ( ,hudson2 b ! r+lead]s ( t d>k conspiracy soon paid a t]rible p5alty4 ,"s fell 9 a fight ) ! ,esquimaux1 & o!rs di$ on ! homew>d voyage1 dur+ :i* !y suff]$ f ! extreme/ fam9e4 ,! acc\nt ( ! great expanse ( sea :i* _h be5 rea*$ gave new vigor to ! _s ( discov]y1 & new exp$itions salli$ =? 7,sir ,?omas ,button1 #afab1 ,gibbons1 #afad1 ,bylot1 #afae71 to seek along ! we/]n %ores ( ,hudson's ,bay ! passage :i* 0 to op5 ! way to ,india4 ,all ef=ts 9 ?is direction 7 ( c\rse doom$ to disappo9tm5t1 b ,baff91 :o sail$ 9 #afaf1 ) directions to try 8 =tune beyond ,davis's ,/raits1 enri*$ geography ) a new & important conque/ by sail+ r\nd ! enorm\s bay :i* /ill be>s 8 "n4 ,dur+ ?is voyage he discov]$ ! entrances ( ,smi?'s1 ,jones's1 & ,lanca/] ,s\nds1 )\t attempt+ to inve/igate ^! broad highways to fields ( lat] exploration4 ,he believ$ !m to be m]e inclos$ gulfs1 & ?is belief became s firmly gr\nd$ 9 ! public m9d t two full c5turies elaps$ be=e any new attempt 0 made to seek = a we/]n passage 9 ?is direction1 :ile ,j5s ,munk1 a ,dane1 s5t out 9 #afai ) two good vessels1 "u ! patronage ( 8 k+1 ,*ri/ian ,,iv42 ,fox & ,james 7#afca-afcb71 ,knight & ,b>l[ 7#agai71 ,middleton 7#agda71 ,moor & ,smi? 7#agdf71 conf9$ _! ef=ts to ,hudson's ,bay1 &1 by _! repeat$ disappo9tm5ts1 made all exp$itions 9 que/ ( a nor?-we/]n passage appe> well-nigh z *im]ical z ^? ( ! knight-errants ( romance4 ,,*apt] ,,xxxiii4 ,,arctic ,,voyages ,,( ,,discov]y1 ,,f ,,baff9 ,,to ,m',,cl9tock4 ,bu*an & ,frankl94--,ross & ,p>ry 7#ahah74--;,discov]y ( ,melville ,isl&4--,w9t] ,h>bor 7#ahai-ahbj74--;,frankl9's fir/ l& ,j\rney4--,dreadful ,suff]+s4--,p>ry's second ,voyage 7#ahba-ahbc74--;,higliuk4--,lyon 7#ahbd74--,p>ry's ?ird ,voyage 7#ahbd74--;,frankl9's second l& ,j\rney to ! ,%ores ( ! ,pol> ,sea4--,bee*ey4--,p>ry's sl$ge ,j\rney t[>ds ! ,pole4--,sir ,john ,ross's second ,j\rney4--,five ,ye>s 9 ! ,arctic ,ocean4--,back's ,discov]y ( ,great ,fi% ,riv]4--,dease & ,simpson 7#ahcg-ahci74--;,frankl9 & ,crozi]'s la/ ,voyage 7#ahde74-- ,se>*+ ,exp$itions4--,ri*>dson & ,rae4--,sir ,james ,ross4-- ,au/94--,p5ny4--,de ,hav54--,frankl9's fir/ ,w9t]-qu>t]s discov]$ by ,ommaney4--,k5n$y & ,bellot4--,+lefield4--,sir ,e4 ,bel*]4--,kellett4--,m',clure's ,discov]y ( ! ,nor?-we/ ,passage4--,coll9son4--,bellot's ,dea?4--,dr4 ,rae le>ns ! ,dea? ( ! ,crews ( ! 8,erebus0 & 8,t]ror40--,sir ,leopold ,m',cl9tock4 ,! failure ( ,capta9 ,phipps 7aft]w>ds ,"l ,mulgrave7 9 ! ,spitzb]g5 seas 7#aggc71 & t ( ! illu/ri\s ,cook 7#aggf71 9 8 attempt to circumnavigate ! nor!rn %ores ( ,am]ica or ,asia by way ( ! ,/raits ( ,b]+1 entirely damp$1 = ! next =ty ye>s1 ! _s ( ,arctic discov]y2 b hope reviv$ :5 x became kn[n t ,capta9 ,scoresby1 on a :al+ exp$ition 9 ! ,gre5l& seas 7#ahjf71 _h atta9$ #ha #cj ,n4 lat41 & ?us approa*$ ! pole to )9 #edj miles4 ,no previ\s navigator _h ev] rea*$ s f> to ! nor?2 an op5 sea lay tempt+ly be=e him1 & ! abs5ce ( ! ice-bl9k prov$ t = miles beyond ! visible horizon no ice-field or sn[-cov]$ l& oppos$ 8 onw>d c\rse2 b z ! object ( ,scoresby's voyage 0 /rictly comm]cial1 & he himself answ]able to ! own]s ( 8 vessel1 he felt oblig$ to sacrifice 8 incl9ations to 8 duty1 & to /e] aga9 to ! s\?4 ,dur+ ! ,cont95tal w>1 inde$1 ,engl& _h b little leisure to prosecute discov]ies 9 ! ,arctic ,ocean2 b n long aft] ! conclusion ( peace1 f\r /\t vessels 7#ahah7 7 s5t out on t mission by ,gov]nm5t4 ,two ( ^!1 ! 8,doro!a10 ,capta9 ,bu*an1 & ! 8,tr5t10 ,comm&] ,lieut5ant ,john ,frankl91 7 de/9$ to proce$ nor?w>d by way ( ,spitzb]g51 & to endeavor to cross ! ,pol> ,sea4 ,aft] unnumb]$ difficulties1 ! exp$ition 0 battl+ ) ! ice to ! nor?-we/ ( t w9try ar*ipelago1 :51 on ,july #cj1 a sudd5 gale compell$ ! comm&]1 z ! only *ance ( safety1 to 8take ! ice0--t is1 to ?ru/ ! %ips into an op5+ among ! mov+ masses t c\ld be p]ceiv$4 ,9 ?is v haz>d\s op]ation1 ! 8,doro!a0--hav+ receiv$ s mu* injury t %e 0 9 dang] ( s9k+--0 !re=e turn$ homew>d z soon z ! /orm subsid$1 & ! 8,tr5t0 ( necessity accompani$ h]4 ,! o!r two %ips1 :i* sail$ 9 ! same ye>1 ! 8,isabella10 comm&$ by ,capta9 ,john ,ross1 & ! 8,alex&]10 by ,lieut5ant ,william ,edw>d ,p>ry1 _h be5 ord]$ to proce$ up ! middle ( ,davis's ,/rait to a high nor!rn latitude1 & !n to /ret* across to ! we/w>d1 9 ! hope ( be+ able to pass ! nor!rn extremity ( ,am]ica1 & rea* ,b]+'s ,/rait by t r\te4 ,z respects ! purposes = :i* x 0 s5t out1 ?is exp$ition likewise end$ 9 disappo9tm5t2 = ?\gh ,ross def9$ m cle>ly ! ,gre5l& coa/ to ! nor? ( ! ,dani% possessions betwe5 ,cape ,melville & ,smi?'s ,s\nd1 he 0 satisfi$ ) mak+ a v cursory exam9ation ( all ! great *annels lead+ f ,baff9's ,bay into ! ,pol> ,sea4 ,aft] sail+ = "s little di/ance up ,lanca/] ,s\nd1 he 0 arre/$ by ! atmosph]ic deception ( a range ( m\nta9s1 ext5d+ "r across ! passage1 & conclud+ x useless to p]sev]e1 he at once--to ! great a/oni%m5t & mortification ( 8 (fic]s--ab&on$ a c\rse :i* 0 to r5d] 8 successor illu/ri\s4 ,z may easily be imag9$1 ! mann] 9 :i* ,ross _h conduct$ ?is exp$ition fail$ to satisfy ! au?orities at home2 & ?us1 9 ! foll[+ ye>1 ! 8,hecla0 & 8,grip]0 7 commission$ = ! purpose ( explor+ ! s\nd1 ^: entrance only _h be5 se5 by ,baff9 & ,ross4 ,! =m] %ip 0 plac$ "u ! ,comm& ( ,p>ry1 & ! latt] "u t ( ,lieut5ant ,mat!w ,liddon4 ,) ?is brilliant voyage1 ! epo* ( mod]n discov]ies 9 ! ,arctic ,ocean may prop]ly be said to beg94 ,sail+ "r ?r\gh ,lanca/] ,s\nd1 ov] ! site ( ,ross's imag9>y ,crok] ,m\nta9s1 ,p>ry pass$ ,b>r['s ,/rait1 & aft] explor+ ,pr9ce ,reg5t ,inlet1 :5ce ! ice compell$ him to return to ! ma9 *annel1 he discov]$ ,well+ton ,*annel 7,augu/ #bb71 & soon aft] _h ! satisfaction ( ann\nc+ to 8 m5 t1 hav+ rea*$ #aaj ,w4 long41 !y 7 entitl$ to ! k+'s b\nty ( #ejjj1 secur$ by ord] ( c\ncil to 8su* ( ,8 ,maje/y's subjects z might succe$ 9 p5etrat+ ?us f> to ! we/ )9 ! ,arctic ,circle40 ,aft] pass+ & nam+ ,melville ,isl&1 a little progress 0 /ill made we/w>d2 b ! ice 0 n[ rapidly ga!r+1 ! vessels 7 soon beset1 &1 aft] gett+ free ) great difficulty1 ,p>ry 0 only too glad to turn back & settle d[n 9 ,w9t] ,h>bor4 ,x 0 no easy task to atta9 ?is dre>y port1 z a canal1 two miles & a ?ird 9 l5g?1 _h fir/ to be cut ?r\gh solid ice ( sev5 in*es av]age ?ickness2 yet su* 0 ! en]gy ( ! m5 t ! h]culean labor 0 execut$ 9 ?ree days4 ,! two vessels 7 imm$iately unrigg$1 ! decks h\s$ ov]1 a heat+ app>atus arrang$1 & e ?+ made z com=table z possible4 ,to relieve ! monotony ( ! long w9t]'s night1 plays 7 act$ e =tnight1 a s*ool e/abli%$1 & a newspap] set on foot--c]ta9ly ! fir/ p]iodical ev] issu$ 9 s high a latitude4 ,dur+ ! day ! m5 7 employ$ = ex]cise 9 bank+ up ! %ips ) sn[ or mak+ excursions )9 a c]ta9 di/ance2 & :5 ! wea!r =bade _! leav+ %elt]1 !y 7 oblig$ to run r\nd ! decks to ! tune ( a b>rel-organ4 ,9 ,janu>y ! cold became m & m int5se4 ,on ! #ab? x 0 #ea bel[ z]o 9 ! op5 air1 & on ! #ad? ! !rmomet] fell to #ed4 ,on ,febru>y #bd a fire broke out 9 a small h\se :i* _h be5 built ne> ! %ips1 to s]ve z an obs]vatory = ,capta9 ,sab9e1 :o accompani$ ! exp$ition z a/ronom]4 ,all h&s ru%$ to ! spot to endeavor to subdue ! flames1 b hav+ only sn[ to ?r[ on x1 x 0 f\nd impossible to ext+ui% x4 ,! sn[1 h[ev]1 cov]$ ! a/ronomical in/rum5ts1 & secur$ !m f ! fire4 ,! !rmomet] 0 at ! "t #dd bel[ z]o1 & ! faces ( ne>ly ! :ole p>ty grew :ite & fro/-bitt5 aft] five m9utes' exposure1 s t ! surgeon & two or ?ree assi/ants 7 busily employ$ 9 rubb+ ! faces ( _! comrades ) sn[1 :ile ! latt] 7 work+ might & ma9 to ext+ui% ! flames4 ,"o poor fell[1 9 8 anxiety to save ! dipp+-ne$le1 c>ri$ x out )\t putt+ on 8 gloves2 8 h&s 7 s b5umb$ 9 consequ5ce1 t :5 plung$ into a bas9 ( cold wat] x in/antly froze1 f ! int5se coldness imp>t$ to x1 & x 0 f\nd necess>y to resort1 "s "t aft]1 to ! amputation ( a "p ( f\r f+]s on "o h& & ?ree on ! o!r4 ,febru>y #c 0 a memorable day--! sun be+ visible f ! ma9top ( ! 8,hecla10 f :5ce x 0 la/ se5 on ,novemb] #aa4 ,! wea!r got consid]ably mild] 9 ,m>*2 on ! #f? ! !rmomet] rose to z]o1 = ! fir/ "t s9ce ,decemb] #ag1 & on ,april #cj x /ood at ! freez+-po9t1 :i* x _h n done s9ce ,septemb] #ab4 ,at l5g? ,may appe>$1 br++ ! long summ]'s day ( ! high nor!rn latitudes2 b z _m a week mu/ /ill pass be=e ! vessels c\ld move out ( _! ice-b\nd h>bor1 ,p>ry />t$ on ,june #a to explore ! int]ior ( ! isl&1 :i* at ?is e>ly p]iod ( ! season /ill wore a v dre>y aspect4 ,b su* 0 ! rapidity ( vegetation1 t by ! end ( ! mon? ! l&1 n[ completely cle> ( sn[1 0 cov]$ ) ! purple-color$ saxifrage 9 blossom1 ) mosses1 & ) sorrel1 & ! grass 0 f two to ?ree in*es long4 ,! pa/urage appe>$ to be excell5t 9 ! valleys1 &1 to judge by ! num]\s tracks ( musk-ox5 & re9de]1 !re 0 no lack ( animals to enjoy its abundance4 ,x 0 n be=e ,augu/ #a t ! %ips 7 releas$ f _! t5 mon?s' blockade 9 ,w9t] ,h>bor1 :5 ,p>ry once m /ood boldly = ! we/2 b no am\nt ( skill or pati5ce c\ld p5etrate ! ob/9ate masses ( ice t block$ ! passage1 or insure ! safety ( ! vessels "u ! repeat$ %ocks su/a9$ f !m4 ,f9d+ ! b>ri]s insup]able1 he gave way1 & /e]+ homew>d1 rea*$ ,london on ,novemb] #c1 #ahbj1 :]e1 z may well be imag9$1 8 reception 0 mo/ en?usia/ic4 ,:ile ,p>ry 0 engag$ on ?is wond]ful voyage1 ,lieut5ant ,frankl9 & ,dr4 ,ri*>dson1 accompani$ by two mid%ipm51 ,george ,back & ,rob]t ,hood1 & a sailor1 ,john ,hepburn1 to :om 7 add$ dur+ ! c\rse ( ! j\rney a troop ( ,canadians & ,indians1 7 p5etrat+ by l& to ! m\? ( ! ,copp]m9e ,riv] = ! purpose ( exam9+ ! unexplor$ %ores ( ! ,pol> ,sea to ! ea/4 ,an idea ( ! difficulties ( ?is und]tak+ may be =m$1 :5 ,i m5tion t ! travell]s />t$ f ,=t ,york1 ,hudson's ,bay1 on ,augu/ #cj1 #ahai1 & aft] a boat voyage ( #gjj miles up ! ,saskat*ewan arriv$ be=e w9t] at ,=t ,cumb]l&4 ,! next w9t] f\nd !m #gjj miles f>!r on _! j\rney1 e/abli%$ dur+ ! extreme cold at ,=t ,ent]prise1 z !y call$ a log-h\se built by !m on ,w9t] ,lake1 :]e !y sp5t t5 mon?s1 dep5d+ ^u fi%+ & ! success ( _! ,indian hunt]s4 ,dur+ ! summ] ( #ahba !y accompli%$ ! rema9+ #ccd miles to ! m\? ( ! ,copp]m9e1 & on ,july #ba ,frankl9 & 8 p>ty emb>k$ 9 two bir*-b>k canoes on _! voyage ( exploration4 ,9 ^! frail %allops !y skirt$ ! desolate coa/ ( ! ,am]ican cont95t #eee miles to ! ea/ ( ! ,copp]m9e z f> z ,po9t ,turnaga91 :5 ! rapid decrease ( _! provisions & ! %att]$ /ate ( ! canoes imp]atively compell$ _! return 7,augu/ #bb74 ,& n[ began a dreadful l&-j\rney ( two mon?s1 accompani$ by all ! horrors ( cold1 fam9e1 & fatigue4 ,an escul5t li*5 7tripe de ro*e71 ) an occasional pt>migan1 =m$ _! scanty food1 b on v _m days ev5 ?is poor supply c\ld n be obta9$1 & _! appetites became rav5\s4 ,sometimes !y _h ! good-=tune to pick up pieces ( sk91 & a few bones ( de] :i* _h be5 dev\r$ by ! wolves 9 ! previ\s spr+4 ,! bones 7 r5d]$ friable by burn+1 & n[ & !n _! old %oes 7 add$ to ! repa/4 ,on rea*+ ! ,copp]m9e1 a raft _h to be fram$1 a task accompli%$ ) ! utmo/ difficulty by ! exhau/$ p>ty4 ,"o or two ( ! ,canadians _h already fall5 beh9d1 & nev] rejo9$ _! comrades1 & n[ ,hood & ?ree or f\r m ( ! p>ty broke d[n & c\ld proce$ no f>!r1 ,dr4 ,ri*>dson k9dly volunte]+ to rema9 ) !m1 :ile ,back1 ) ! mo/ vigor\s ( ! m51 pu%$ on to s5d succor f ,=t ,ent]prise1 & ,frankl9 foll[$ m sl[ly ) ! o!rs4 ,on rea*+ ! log h\se ?is la/ p>ty f\nd t wret*$ t5em5t desolate1 ) no deposit ( provisions & no trace ( ! ,indians :om !y _h expect$ to meet !re4 8,x w\ld be impossible10 says ,frankl91 8to describe our s5sations aft] ent]+ ?is mis]able abode & discov]+ h[ we _h be5 neglect$2 ! :ole p>ty %$ te>s1 n s mu* = our own fate z = t ( our fri5ds 9 ! re>1 ^: lives dep5d$ entirely on our s5d+ imm$iate relief f ?is place40 ,_! only consolation 0 a gleam ( hope af=d$ !m by a note f ,back1 /at+ t he _h rea*$ ! des]t$ hut two days be=e1 & 0 go+ 9 se>* ( ! ,indians4 ,! =tunate discov]y ( "s ca/-(f de]-sk9s & ( a heap ( acrid bones1 a provision wor?y ( ! place1 su/a9$ _! flick]+ life-flame1 & aft] eighte5 mis]able days !y 7 jo9$ by ,dr4 ,ri*>dson & ,hepburn1 ! sole survivors ( _! p>ty1 ,lieut5ant ,hood1 a "y (fic] ( great promise1 hav+ be5 murd]$ by a trea*]\s ,canadian1 :om ,ri*>dson 0 aft]w>ds oblig$ to %oot ?r\gh ! head 9 self-def5se4 8,^u ent]+ ! desolate dwell+10 says ,ri*>dson1 8we _h ! satisfaction ( embrac+ ,capta9 ,frankl91 b no words c convey an idea ( ! fil? & wret*$ness t met our eyes on look+ ar\nd4 ,our own mis]y _h /ol5 ^u u by degrees1 & we 7 accu/om$ to ! contemplation ( ea* o!r's emaciat$ figures2 b ! gha/ly c\nt5ances1 dilat$ eyeballs1 & sepul*ral voices ( ,capta9 ,frankl9 & ^? ) him 7 m ?an we c\ld at fir/ be>40 ,at l5g?1 on ,novemb] #g1 :5 ! few survivors ( ! ill-fat$ exp$ition 7= mo/ ( ! voyag]s di$ f %e] exhau/ion7 7 on ! po9t ( s9k+ "u _! suff]+s1 ?ree ,indians s5t by ,back1 ^: ex]tions to procure !m relief _h be5 beyond all praise1 br\ght !m ! succor !y _h s long be5 wait+ =4 ,! eag]ness ) :i* !y fea/$ on dri$ meat & excell5t tongues may well be imag9$2 b sev]e pa9s 9 ! /oma* soon w>n$ !m t aft] s long an ab/95ce !y mu/ be exce$+ly c>eful 9 ! quantity ( food tak54 ,9 a =tnight's "t !y _h suffici5tly recruit$ _! /r5g? to be able to jo9 ,back at ,moose ,de] ,isl&1 & 9 ! foll[+ ye> !y return$ to ,engl&4 ,p>ry's second voyage ( discov]y 7#ahba-ahbc7 0 und]tak5 = ! purpose ( asc]ta9+ :e!r a communication might be f\nd betwe5 ,reg5t's ,inlet & ,r[e's ,welcome1 or ?r\gh ,repulse ,bay & !nce to ! nor?-we/]n %ores ( ,am]ica4 ,! fir/ summ] 7#ahba7 0 sp5t 9 ! va9 attempt ( =c+ a way ?r\gh ,froz5 ,/rait1 ,repulse ,bay1 ! l>ge masses ( ice 9 ^! wat]s hold+ ! %ips helplessly 9 _! grasp1 & (t5 c>ry+ !m back 9 a few days to ! v spot :i* !y _h left a mon? be=e4 ,ow+ to ^! rebuffs1 ! season came to an end :ile _! ent]prise 0 yet sc>cely begun1 & ! %ips took up _! qu>t]s 9 an op5 road/ead at ,w9t] ,isl& to ! s\? ( ,melville ,p59sula4 ,besides ! w9t] amusem5ts & occupations ( ! fir/ voyage1 ! monotony ( ! w9t] 0 pleasantly brok5 dur+ ,febru>y by fri5dly visits f a p>ty ( ,esquimaux4 ,among ^! a "y woman1 ,higliuk1 di/+ui%$ h]self by h] tal5ts4 ,h] love = music am\nt$ to a passion1 & h] quickness ( compreh5sion 0 su* t %e soon became an e/abli%$ int]pret] betwe5 h] own p & ! ,engli%4 ,! nature ( a map hav+ be5 expla9$ to h]1 %e readily sket*$ ) *alk ^u ! deck ! outl9es ( ! adjo9+ coa/1 & cont9u+ x f>!r1 del9eat$ ! :ole ea/]n %ore ( ,melville ,p59sula1 r\nd+ its nor!rn extremity by a l>ge isl& & a /rait ( suffici5t magnitude to af=d a safe passage = ! %ips4 ,?is in=mation greatly enc\rag$ ! :ole p>ty1 ^: sangu9e anticipations already fanci$ ! wor/ "p ( _! voyage ov]come1 & its tru? 0 eag]ly te/$ z soon z ! %ips c\ld once m be set afloat1 :i* 0 n till ,july #b4 ,aft] runn+ ! greate/ dang]s f ! ice1 !y at l5g? rea*$ ! small isl& ( ,igloolik1 ne> ! entrance ( ! *annel1 ! situation ( :i* _h be5 accurately laid d[n by ! ,esquimaux woman4 ,b all _! ef=ts to =ce a passage ?r\gh ! n>r[ /rait prov$ va91 = aft] /ruggl+ sixty-five days to get =w>d1 !y _h only 9 t "t rea*$ =ty miles to ! we/w>d ( ,igloolik4 ,! vessels 7 !re=e aga9 plac$ 9 w9t]-qu>t]s 9 a *annel betwe5 ,igloolik & ! l&2 b hav+ asc]ta9$ by boat excursions ! t]m9ation ( ! /rait1 ,p>ry ?\ght x s promis+ = ! ensu+ summ] t he at once nam$ x ! 8,hecla & ,fury ,/rait40 ,b 8 hopes 7 once m doom$ to disappo9tm5t by ! ice-ob/ruct$ *annel1 & he f\nd x utt]ly impossible to pass ?r\gh x ) 8 %ips4 ,8 return to ,engl& ) 8 crews 9 heal?1 aft] two w9t]s 9 ! high latitudes1 0 ano!r triumph ( judgm5t & discipl9e4 ,9 ! foll[+ ye> two new exp$itions set sail = ,pol> ,am]ica4 ,capta9 ,lyon 0 s5t out 9 ! 8,grip]10 ) ord]s to l& at ,wag] ,riv] (f ,repulse ,bay1 & !nce to cross ,melville ,p59sula1 & proce$ ov]l& to ,po9t ,turnaga91 :]e ,frankl9's j\rney end$4 ,b a succession ( dreadful /orms s crippl$ ! 8,grip]10 :ile endeavor+ to proce$ onw>d up ,r[e's ,welcome1 t x became necess>y to return at once to ,engl&4 ,su* 0 ! e/eem & affection ,p>ry _h acquir$ among ! companions ( 8 two =m] voyages1 t :5 he took ! comm& ( a ?ird exp$ition1 ) ! int5tion ( seek+ a passage ?r\gh ,pr9ce ,reg5t's ,inlet1 !y all volunte]$ to accompany him4 ,f ! middle ( ,july till ne>ly ! middle ( ,septemb] 7#ahbd71 ! 8,hecla0 & ! 8,fury0 _h to cont5d ) ! enorm\s ice-masses ( ,baff9's ,bay1 :i* w\ld infallibly h cru%$ vessels less /\tly ribb$2 & ?us x 0 n be=e ,septemb] #aj t !y ent]$ ,lanca/] ,s\nd1 :i* !y f\nd cle> ( ice1 except "h & !re a solit>y b]g4 ,b new ice n[ began to =m1 :i*1 increas+ daily 9 ?ickness1 beset ! %ip1 & c>ri$ !m once m back aga9 into ,baff9's ,bay4 ,by p]sev]ance1 h[ev]1 & ! aid ( a /rong ea/]ly breeze1 ,p>ry rega9$ ! lo/ gr\nd1 & on ,septemb] #bg rea*$ ! entrance ( ,port ,b[51 on ! ea/]n %ore ( ,pr9ce ,reg5t's ,inlet1 :]e he pass$ ! w9t]4 ,by ,july #ai ! vessels 7 aga9 free1 & ,p>ry n[ sail$ across ! inlet to exam9e ! coa/ ( ,nor? ,som]set2 b ! float+ ice s injur$ ! 8,fury0 t x 0 f\nd necess>y to ab&on h]4 ,h] crew & valuables 7 !re=e receiv$ on bo>d ! 8,hecla20 ! provisions1 /ores1 & boats 7 l&$1 & safely h\s$ on ,fury ,po9t1 (f ,nor? ,som]set1 = ! relief ( any w&]+ ,esquimaux1 or future ,arctic explor]s :o might *ance to visit ! spot1 & ! crippl$ %ip 0 giv5 up to ! m]cy ( ! rel5tless ice1 :ile h] companion made ! be/ ( h] way to ,engl&4 ,9 spite ( ! dreadful suff]+s ( ,frankl91 ,ri*>dson1 & ,back dur+ _! fir/ l& j\rney1 we f9d ^! h]oes once m sett+ =? 9 #ahbe1 det]m9$ to resume ! survey ( ! ,arctic coa/s ( ! ,am]ican cont95t4 ,a f> m adequate prep>ation 0 made = ! necessities ( _! j\rney ?an be=e2 & be=e !y settl$ d[n = ! w9t] at 8,=t ,frankl910 on ! %ores ( ,great ,be> ,lake1 a j\rney ( inve/igation d[n ! ,mack5zie ,riv] to ! sea _h be5 br\ght to a successful end4 ,z soon z ! ice broke 9 ! foll[+ summ]1 !y set out 9 f\r boats1 & sep>at$ at ! po9t :]e ! riv] divides into two ma9 bran*es1 ,frankl9 & ,back propos+ to survey ! coa/-l9e to ! we/w>d1 :ile ,ri*>dson set out 9 an ea/]ly direction to ! m\? ( ! ,copp]m9e ,riv]4 ,frankl9 arriv$ at ! m\? ( ! ,mack5zie on ,july #g1 :]e a l>ge tribe ( ,esquimaux pillag$ 8 boats1 & x 0 only by great prud5ce & =be>ance t ! :ole p>ty 7 n massacr$4 ,a full mon? 0 n[ sp5t 9 ! t$i\s survey ( #cgd miles ( coa/1 z f> z ,return ,reef1 m ?an #ajjj miles di/ant f _! w9t]-qu>t]s on ,great ,be> ,lake4 ,! return j\rney to ,=t ,frankl9 0 safely accompli%$1 & !y arriv$ at _! h\se on ,septemb] #ba1 :]e !y _h ! pleasure ( f9d+ ,dr4 ,ri*>dson & ,lieut5ant ,k5dall1 :o1 on _! "p1 _h rea*$ ! ,copp]m9e1 ?us connect+ ,sir ,john ,frankl9's =m] discov]ies to ! ea/w>d 9 ,coronation ,gulf ) ^? made by him on ?is occasion to ! we/w>d ( ! ,mack5zie4 ,! cold dur+ ! second w9t] at ,=t ,frankl9 0 int5se1 ! !rmomet] /&+ at "o "t at #eh bel[ z]o2 b ! com=t !y n[ enjoy$ =m$ a mo/ pleas+ contra/ to ! squalid mis]y ( ,=t ,ent]prise4 ,:5 ,frankl9 left ,engl& to proce$ on ?is exp$ition1 8 fir/ wife 0 !n ly+ at ! po9t ( dea?1 & inde$ expir$ ! day aft] 8 dep>ture4 ,b ) h]oic =titude %e urg$ him to set out on ! v day appo9t$1 entreat+ him1 z he valu$ h] peace & 8 own glory1 n to delay a mom5t on h] acc\nt4 ,8 feel+s may be imag9$ :5 he rais$ on ,g>ry ,isl& a silk flag :i* %e _h made & giv5 him z a p>t+ gift1 ) ! in/ruction t he 0 only to hoi/ x on rea*+ ! ,pol> ,sea4 ,:ile ,p>ry & ,frankl9 7 ?us sev]ally employ$ 9 se>*+ = a we/]n passage1 a sea exp$ition "u ! comm& ( ,capta9 ,bee*ey _h be5 s5t to ,b]+'s ,/raits to co-op]ate ) !m1 s z to furni% provisions to ! =m] & a conveyance home to ! latt]--a task m easily plann$ ?an execut$2 & ?us we c n wond] t :5 ! 8,blossom0 rea*$ ! appo9t$ place ( r5dezv\s at ,*amisso ,isl&1 9 ,kotzebue ,s\nd 7,july #be1 #ahbf71 %e f\nd nei!r ,p>ry 7:o _h long s9ce return$ to ,engl&7 nor ,frankl94 ,yet ! b>ge ( ! 8,blossom0--:i* 0 dispat*$ to ! ea/w>d "u *>ge ( ,mr4 ,elson--n>r[ly miss$ meet+ ! latt]2 = :5 %e 0 /opp$ by ! ice at ,po9t ,b>r[1 %e 0 only ab\t #aej miles f ,return ,reef1 ! limit ( 8 discov]ies to ! we/w>d ( ! ,mack5zie4 ,9 ! ye> #ahbg ! indefatigable ,p>ry und]took "o ( ! mo/ extraord9>y voyages ev] p]=m$ by man2 be+ no less ?an an attempt to rea* ! ,nor? ,pole by boat & sl$ge travell+ ov] ! ice4 ,8 hopes ( success 7 f\nd$ on ,crosby's au?ority1 :o reports hav+ se5 ice-fields s free f ei!r fissure or hummock1 t _h !y n be5 cov]$ ) sn[1 a coa* might h be5 driv5 _m leagues ov] !m 9 a direct l9e2 b :5 ,p>ry rea*$ ! ice-fields to ! nor? ( ,spitzb]g51 he f\nd !m ( a v diff]5t nature1 compos$ ( loose1 rugg$ masses1 int]mix$ ) pools ( wat]1 :i* r5d]$ travell+ ov] !m extremely ardu\s & sl[4 ,! /rong flat-bottom$ boats1 specially prep>$ = an amphibi\s j\rney1 ) a runn] atta*$ to ea* side ( ! keel1 s z to adapt !m = sl$g+1 _h ?us frequ5tly to be lad5 & unlad51 9 ord] to be rais$ ov] ! hummocks1 & repeat$ j\rneys backw>d & =w>d ov] ! same gr\nd 7 ! necess>y consequ5ce4 ,frequ5tly ! crew _h to g on h&s & knees to secure a foot+4 ,heavy %[]s ( ra9 (t5 r5d]$ ! surface ( ! ice a mass ( slu%1 & 9 "s places ! ice took ! =m ( %>p-po9t$ cry/als1 :i* cut ! boots l p5knives4 ,b 9 spite ( all ^! ob/acles1 !y toil$ *e]fully on1 until at l5g?1 aft] ?irty-five days ( incessant drudg]y1 ! discov]y 0 made t1 :ile !y 7 app>5tly advanc+ t[>ds ! pole1 ! ice-field on :i* !y 7 travell+ 0 drift+ to ! s\?1 & ?us r5d]+ all _! ex]tions fruitless4 ,yet1 ?\gh disappo9t$ 9 8 hope ( plant+ 8 c\ntry's /&>d on ! nor!rn axis ( ! globe1 ,p>ry _h ! glory ( rea*+ ! highe/ au!nticat$ latitude ev] yet atta9$ 7#hb #dj #cj74 ,on _! return to ! 8,hecla10 :i* await$ !m "u ,capta9 ,=e/] 9 ,treur5b]g ,bay1 on ! nor!rn coa/ ( ,spitzb]g51 ! boats enc\nt]$ a dreadful /orm on ! op5 sea1 :i* oblig$ !m to be> up = ,wald5 ,isl&--"o ( ! mo/ nor!rly rocks ( ! ar*ipelago--:]e1 =tunately1 a res]ve supply ( provisions _h be5 deposit$4 8,e ?+ belong+ to u10 says ,sir ,edw>d ,p>ry1 80 n[ completely dr5*$ by ! spray & sn[2 we _h be5 fifty-six h\rs )\t re/1 & =ty-eight at "w 9 ! boats1 s t by ! "t !y 7 unload$ we _h b>ely /r5g? to haul !m up on ! rocks4 ,h[ev]1 by d9t ( great ex]tion1 we manag$ to get ! boats above ! surf1 aft] :i*1 a hot supp]1 a blaz+ fire ( drift-wood1 & a few h\rs' quiet re/ re/or$ u40 ,he :o lam5ts ov] ! deg5]acy ( ! human race1 & supposes x to h be5 m vigor\s or end[$ ) great] p[]s ( endurance 9 anci5t times1 may p]haps come to a diff]5t op9ion :5 read+ ( ,p>ry & 8 companions4 ,?us end$ ! la/ ( ?is great navigator's ,arctic voyages4 ,born 9 ! ye> #agij1 ( a family ( seam51 ,p>ry at an e>ly age devot$ himself1 he>t & s\l1 to ! pr(ession 9 :i* 8 fa!r _h gr[n old4 ,9 8 tw5ty-eigh? ye> he discov]$ ,melville ,isl&1 & 8 subsequ5t exp$ition confirm$ ! excell5t reputation he _h acquir$ by 8 fir/ brilliant success4 ,f ! ye>s #ahbi to #ahcd we f9d him 9 ,new ,s\? ,wales1 z ,resid5t ,commission] ( ! ,au/ralian ,agricultural ,company4 ,9 ! ye> #ahcg he 0 appo9t$ to organize ! mail-packet s]vice1 !n transf]r$ to ! ,admiralty1 & aft] fill+ ! po/ ( ,capta9 ,sup]9t5d5t ( ! ,royal ,naval ,hospital at ,hasl>1 0 f9ally appo9t$ ,gov]nor ( ,gre5wi* ,hospital4 ,he di$ 9 ! summ] ( #ahee at ,ems4 ,t5 ye>s _h elaps$ s9ce ,capta9 ,john ,ross's fir/ unsuccessful voyage1 :5 ! vet]an seaman1 anxi\s to oblit]ate ! reproa* ( =m] failure by "s wor?y a*ievem5t1 0 enabl$1 ?r\gh ! munific5ce ( ,sir ,felix ,boo?1 to accompli% 8 wi%es4 ,a small ,liv]pool /eam]1 be>+ ! r presumptu\s "n ( ! 8,victory10 0 pur*as$ = ! voyage1 a r un=tunate selection1 = surely no?+ c be m unpractical ?an paddle-boxes among ice-blocks2 b to make am5ds = ?is error1 ! comm&] ( ! exp$ition 0 =tunate 9 be+ accompani$ by 8 nephew1 ,comm&] ,james ,ross1 :o1 ) e quality ( ! seaman1 unit$ ! zeal ( an able naturali/4 ,he x 0 :o1 by 8 well-execut$ sl$ge j\rneys1 made ! *ief discov]ies ( ! exp$ition2 b ! voyage ( ! 8,victory0 is f> less rem>kable = successes a*iev$ ?an = its unexampl$ protraction dur+ a p]iod ( five ye>s4 ,! fir/ season end$ well4 ,on ,augu/ #aj1 #ahbi1 ! 8,victory0 ent]$ ,pr9ce ,reg5t's ,inlet1 & rea*$ on ! #ac? ! spot :]e ,p>ry1 on 8 ?ird voyage1 _h be5 oblig$ to ab&on ! 8,fury40 ,! %ip itself _h be5 swept away2 b all h] sails1 /ores1 & provisions on l& 7 f\nd unt\*$4 ,! h]metically seal$ t9 cani/]s 9 :i* ! fl\r1 meat1 bread1 w9e1 spirits1 sug>1 etc41 7 pack$ _h pres]v$ !m f ! attacks ( ! :ite be>s1 & !y 7 f\nd z good aft] f\r ye>s z !y _h be5 on ! day :5 ! 8,fury0 />t$ on h] voyage4 ,x 0 to ?is discov]y t ! crew ( ! 8,victory0 ow$ _! subsequ5t pres]vation1 = h[ else c\ld !y h pass$ f\r w9t]s 9 ! ,arctic wa/es8 ,on ,augu/ #ae ,cape ,g>ry 0 atta9$1 ! mo/ s\!rn po9t ( ! inlet :i* ,p>ry _h rea*$ on 8 ?ird voyage4 ,fogs & drift-ice greatly ret>d$ ! progress ( ! exp$ition1 b ,ross mov$ on1 ?\gh sl[ly1 s t ab\t ! middle ( ,septemb] ! map ( ! nor!rn regions 0 enri*$ by "s #ejj miles ( newly-discov]$ coa/4 ,b n[1 at ! beg9n+ ( w9t]1 ! 8,victory0 0 oblig$ to take refuge 9 ,felix ,h>bor1 :]e ! useless /eam-eng9e 0 ?r[n ov]bo>d z a nuisance1 & ! usual prep>ations made = sp5d+ ! cold season z pleasantly z possible4 ,! foll[+ spr+ 7f ,may #ag to ,june #ac7 0 employ$ by ,james ,ross on a sl$ge j\rney1 :i* l$ to ! discov]y ( ,k+ ,william's ,s\nd & ,k+ ,william's ,l&1 & dur+ :i* t c\rage\s m>9] p5etrat$ s f> to ! we/ t he _h only t5 days' provisions-- scantily measur$ out--= a return voyage ( #bjj miles ?r\gh an empty wild]ness4 ,aft] twelve mon?s' imprisonm5t1 ! 8,victory0 0 releas$ f ! ice on ,septemb] #ag1 & proce$$ once m on h] discov]ies4 ,b ! p]iod ( h] lib]ty 0 %ort1 =1 aft] advanc+ ?ree miles 9 "o cont9ual battle aga9/ ! curr5ts & ! drift-ice1 %e aga9 froze fa/ on ! #bg? ( ! same mon?4 ,9 ! foll[+ spr+ we aga9 see ! indefatigable ,james ,ross ext5d+ ! circle ( 8 sl$ge excursions1 & plant+ ! ,briti% flag on ! site ( ! ,nor!rn ,magnetic ,pole--:i*1 h[ev]1 is n inv>iably fix$ to "o spot1 z 0 !n believ$1 b moves f place to place )9 ! glacial zone4 ,on ,augu/ #bh1 #ahca1 ! 8,victory0--aft] a second imprisonm5t ( elev5 mon?s--0 w>p$ into op5 wat]2 b aft] sp5d+ a :ole mon? to advance f\r miles1 %e 0 encompass$ by ! ice on ,septemb] #bg1 & once m fett]$ 9 ! dre>y wild]ness4 ,z !re seem$ no prospect ( extricat+ h] next summ]1 !y resolv$ to ab&on h] & travel ov] ! ice to ,fury ,bea*1 !re to avail !mselves ( ! boats1 provisions1 & /ores1 :i* w\ld assi/ !m 9 rea*+ ,davis's ,/raits4 ,accord+ly1 on ,may #bi1 #ahcb1 ! colors ( ! 8,victory0 7 hoi/$ & nail$ to ! ma/1 & aft] dr9k+ a p>t+ glass to ! %ip ) ! crew1 & hav+ se5 e man out 9 ! ev5+1 ! capta9 took 8 own leave ( h]4 8,x 0 ! fir/ vessel10 says ,ross1 8t ,i _h ev] be5 oblig$ to ab&on1 aft] hav+ s]v$ 9 ?irty-six1 dur+ a p]iod ( =ty-two ye>s4 ,x 0 l ! la/ p>t+ ) an old fri5d1 & ,i did n pass ! po9t :]e %e ceas$ to be visible )\t /opp+ to take a sket* ( ?is melan*oly des]t1 r5d]$ m melan*oly by ! solit>y1 ab&on$1 helpless home ( our pa/ ye>s1 fix$ 9 immovable ice1 till "t %\ld p]=m on h] 8 usual "w40 ,aft] hav+1 ) incr$ible difficulty1 rea*$ ,fury ,bea*1 :]e1 ?anks to ! =e?\ght ( ,sir ,edw>d ,p>ry1 !y =tunately f\nd a suffici5t numb] ( boats left = _! purpose1 & all ! provisions 9 good condition1 !y set out on ,augu/ #a--;a consid]able ext5t ( op5 sea be+ visible--& aft] mu* buffet+ among ! ice1 rea*$ ! nor? ( ! inlet by ! end ( ! mon?4 ,b "h !y 7 doom$ to disappo9tm5t1 =1 aft] sev]al fruitless attempts to run along ,b>r['s ,/rait1 ! ice oblig$ !m to haul _! boats on %ore & pit* _! t5ts4 ,day aft] day !y l+]$ till ! ?ird week 9 ,septemb]1 b ! /rait cont9u+ "o imp5etrable mass ( ice1 x 0 unanim\sly agre$ t _! only res\rce 0 to fall back aga9 on ! /ores at ,fury ,bea*1 & !re sp5d a f\r? long w9t] )9 ! ,arctic ,circle4 ,!y 7 only able to get half ! di/ance 9 ! boats1 :i* 7 haul$ on %ore 9 ,batty ,bay on ,septemb] #bd1 & p]=m$ ! re/ ( _! j\rney on foot1 ! provisions be+ dragg$ 9 sl$ges4 ,on ,octob] #g !y once m rea*$ ! canvas hut1 dignifi$ ) ! "n ( 8,som]set ,h\se10 :i* !y _h erect$ 9 ,july on ! sc5e ( ! 8,fury's0 wreck1 & :i* !y _h va9ly hop$ nev] to see aga94 ,!y n[ set ab\t build+ a sn[-wall f\r feet ?ick r\nd _! dwell+1 & /r5g!n+ ! ro( ) sp>s1 = ! purpose ( cov]+ x ) sn[1 & by means ( ?is %elt]1 & an additional /ove1 made !mselves tol]ably com=table1 until ! increas+ sev]ity ( ! cold & ! furi\s gales conf9$ !m )9-doors1 & sorely tri$ _! pati5ce4 ,scurvy n[ began to appe>1 & sev]al ( ! m5 fell victims to ! sc\rge4 ,at ! same "t1 c>es = ! future d>k5$ ! gloom ( _! situation2 =1 %\ld !y be disappo9t$ 9 _! hopes ( escap+ 9 ! ensu+ summ]1 _! fail+ /r5g? & dim9i%+ /ores gave !m b little hope ( surviv+ ano!r ye>4 ,x may easily be imag9$ h[ anxi\sly ! movem5ts ( ! ice 7 wat*$ :5 ! next season op5$1 & ) :at beat+ he>ts !y emb>k$ at ,batty ,bay on ,augu/ #ae4 ,mak+ _! way sl[ly among ! masses ( ice ) :i* ! inlet 0 encumb]$1 !y to _! great joy f\nd1 on ! #ag?1 ! wide expanse ( ,b>r['s ,/rait op5 to navigation4 ,pu%+ on ) r5ew$ spirits1 ,cape ,york soon lay beh9d !m1 &1 alt]nately r[+ & sail+1 on ! night ( ! #be? !y re/$ 9 a good h>bor on ! ea/]n %ore ( ,navy ,bo>d ,inlet4 ,at #d o'clock on ! foll[+ morn+ !y 7 r\s$ f _! slumb] by ! joyful intellig5ce ( a %ip be+ 9 sight1 & nev] did m5 m hurri$ly & en]getically set out2 b ! elem5ts 7 aga9/ !m1 & ! %ip disappe>$ 9 ! di/ant haze4 ,aft] a few h\rs' susp5se1 ! sight ( ano!r vessel ly+ to 9 a calm reliev$ _! despair4 ,?is "t _! ex]tions 7 successful1 &1 /range to say1 ! %ip :i* took !m on bo>d 0 ! same 8,isabella0--n[ r$uc$ to ! rank ( a private :al]--9 :i* ,ross _h made 8 fir/ voyage to ! ,arctic ,seas4 ,! seam5 ( ! 8,isabella0 told him ( 8 own dea?--( :i* all ,engl& 0 p]suad$--& c\ld h>dly believe t x 0 really he & 8 p>ty :o n[ /ood be=e !m4 ,b :5 all d\bts 7 cle>$ away1 ! rigg+ 0 in/antly mann$ to d !m honor1 & ?und]+ *e]s welcom$ ,ross & 8 gallant b& on bo>d6 ,! sc5e t n[ foll[$ c n be bett] told ?an 9 ,ross's own words4 8,?\gh we _h n be5 support$ by our names & *>act]s1 we %\ld n ! less h claim$ f *>ity ! att5tions t we receiv$2 = nev] 0 se5 a m mis]able set ( wret*es4 ,un%av5 s9ce ,i "k n :51 dirty1 dress$ 9 rags ( wild bea/s1 & />v$ to ! v bones1 our gaunt & grim looks1 :5 contra/$ ) ^? ( ! well-dress$ & well-f$ m5 ar\nd u1 made u all feel 7,i believe = ! fir/ "t7 :at we really 71 z well z :at we seem$ to o!rs4 ,b ! ludicr\s soon took ! place ( all o!r feel+s2 9 su* a cr[d & su* confusion1 all s]i\s ?\ght 0 impossible1 :ile ! new buoyancy ( our spirits made u abundantly will+ to be amus$ by ! sc5e :i* n[ op5$4 ,e man 0 hungry1 & 0 to be f$2 all 7 ragg$1 & 7 to be clo!d2 !re 0 n "o to :om wa%+ 0 n indisp5sable1 nor "o :om 8 be>d did n deprive ( all human semblance4 ,all1 e ?+ too1 0 to be done at once3 x 0 wa%+1 dress+1 %av+1 eat+1 all int]m+l$3 x 0 all ! mat]ials ( ea* jumbl$ toge!r1 :ile 9 ! mid/ ( all !re 7 int]m9able que/ions to be ask$ & answ]$ on bo? sides2 ! adv5tures ( ! #8,victory1' our own escapes1 ! politics ( ,engl&1 & ! news1 :i* 0 n[ f\r ye>s old4 ,b all subsid$ into peace at la/4 ,! sick 7 accommodat$1 ! seam5 dispos$ (1 & all 0 done = u :i* c>e & k9dness c\ld p]=m4 ,night at l5g? br\ght quiet & s]i\s ?\ghts1 & ,i tru/ !re 0 n a man among u :o did n !n express :]e x 0 due 8 gratitude = t int]position :i* _h rais$ u all f a despair :i* none c\ld n[ =get1 & _h br\ght u f ! bord]s ( a mo/ di/ant grave to life1 & fri5ds1 & civilization4 ,long accu/om$1 h[ev]1 to a cold b$ on ! h>d sn[ or ! b>e rocks1 few c\ld sleep amid/ ! com=t ( our new accommodations4 ,i 0 myself compell$ to leave ! b$ :i* _h be5 k9dly assign$ me1 & take my abode 9 a *air = ! night2 nor did x f>e mu* bett] ) ! re/4 ,x 0 = "t to reconcile u to ?is sudd5 & viol5t *ange1 to break ?r\gh :at _h become habit1 & to inure u once m to ! usages ( our =m] days40 ,! 8,isabella0 rema9$ "s "t long] 9 ,baff9's ,bay to prosecute ! fi%]y1 & ?us our ,arctic voyag]s did n return to ,engl& be=e ,octob] #ae1 #ahcc1 :5 !y 7 receiv$ z m5 ris5 f ! grave4 ,:]ev] ,ross appe>$1 he 0 met & escort$ by a cr[d ( sympa?iz]s2 ord]s1 m$als1 & diplomas f =eign /ates & le>n$ societies ra9$ d[n ^u him4 ,london1 ,liv]pool1 ,bri/ol1 & ,hull pres5t$ him ) ! fre$om ( _! respective cities2 he receiv$ ! honor ( knigh?ood2 &1 ?\gh la/1 n lea/1 ,p>liam5t grant$ him #ejjj z a remun]ation = 8 pecuni>y outlay & privations4 ,x may easily be imag9$ t 8 long-protract$ abs5ce _h n be5 all[$ to pass )\t awak5+ a /rong desire to br+ him aid & assi/ance4 ,?us1 :5 ,capta9 7aft]w>ds ,re>-admiral ,sir ,george7 ,back1 t noble ,palad9 ( ,arctic rese>*1 volunte]$ to lead a l& exp$ition 9 que/ ( ,ross to ! nor!rn %ore ( ,am]ica1 #djjj 7 imm$iately rais$ by public subscription to defray exp5ses4 ,:ile deep 9 ! ,am]ican wilds1 ,back 0 gratifi$ ) ! intellig5ce t ! object ( 8 se>* _h safely arriv$ 9 ,engl&2 b1 in/ead ( return+ home1 ! indefatigable explor] resolv$ to trace ! unkn[n c\rse ( ! ,?lu-x-s*o1 or ,great ,fi% ,riv]1 d[n to ! di/ant outlet :]e x p\rs its wat]s into ! ,pol> ,seas4 ,x w\ld take a volume to relate 8 adv5tures 9 ?is exp$ition1 ! numb]less falls1 cascades1 & rapids t ob/ruct$ 8 progress2 ! /orms & sn[-drifts1 ! horrors ( ! des]ts ?r\gh :i* he =c$ 8 way1 until he f9ally 7,july #bh7 rea*$ ! m\? ( ! ,?lu-x-s*o1 or1 r1 ! broad e/u>y ?r\gh :i* x disembogues itself into ! ,pol> ,sea4 ,8 int5tion 0 to proce$ to ,po9t ,turnaga91 b ! ob/acles 7 insurm\ntable1 ev5 by him4 ,= t5 days ! explor+ p>ty _h a cont9uation ( wet1 *illy1 foggy wea!r1 & ! only vegetation 7f]n & moss7 0 s damp t x w\ld n burn2 be+ ?us )\t fuel1 !y _h only dur+ ?is "t "o hot meal4 ,almo/ )\t wat]1 )\t any means ( w>m?1 & s9k+ knee-deep z !y proce$$ on l&1 9 ! s(t slu% & sn[1 no wond] t "s ( ! be/ m51 b5umb$ 9 _! limbs1 & dispirit$ by ! prospect be=e !m1 broke out = a mom5t 9 murmur+ at ! h>dness ( _! duty4 ,on ,augu/ #ae1 see+ ! impossibility ( proce$+ ev5 a s+le mile f>!r1 ,back assembl$ ! m5 ar\nd him1 & unfurl+ ! ,briti% flag1 :i* 0 salut$ ) ?ree *e]s1 he ann\nc$ to !m 8 det]m9ation to return4 ,! difficulties ( ! riv] 7 ( c\rse d\bl$ 9 ! asc5t1 f hav+ to g aga9/ ! /ream4 ,all ! ob/acles ( rocks1 rapids1 s&-banks1 & long portages _h to be fac$4 ,!y f\nd1 z !y w5t on1 t _m ( ! deposits ( provisions1 on :i* !y reli$1 _h be5 de/roy$ by wolves4 ,aft] ?us toil+ on = six weeks1 !y 7 ultimately /opp$ by "o mo/ =midable p]p5dicul> fall1 :i* oblig$ !m to ab&on _! boat2 & proce$+ on foot--ea* lad5 ) a pack ( ab\t #ge lbs4 weight--!y ultimately arriv$ at _! old habitation1 ,=t ,reliance1 aft] an abs5ce ( ne>ly f\r mon?s1 exhau/$ & worn out1 b ju/ly pr\d ( hav+ accompli%$ s difficult & dang]\s a voyage4 ,! ,fi% ,riv] has s9ce be5 nam$ ,back's ,riv]1 9 honor ( its discov]]2 & surely no geographical di/9ction has ev] be5 m ju/ly m]it$4 ,?is indefatigable explor] _h sc>cely return$ to ,engl& 7,sept4 #h1 #ahce71 :5 he once m set out on 8 way to ! ,arctic regions2 b 8 %ip1 ! 8,t]ror10 0 s disabl$ by ! ice t %e 0 sc>cely able to accompli% ! return voyage across ! ,atlantic1 )\t all[+ h] to make any new discov]ies4 ,! l& exp$ition s5t out by ! ,hudson's ,bay ,company 7#ahcg-ci71 "u ! direction ( ,pet] ,w>r5 ,dease1 "o ( _! *ief factors1 & ,mr4 ,?omas ,simpson1 prov$ f> m successful4 ,desc5d+ ! ,mack5zie to ! sea1 !y survey$1 9 ,july1 #ahcg1 t "p ( ! nor!rn coa/ ( ,am]ica :i* _h be5 left unexam9$ by ,frankl9 & ,elson 9 #ahbe1 f ,return ,reef to ,cape ,b>r[4 ,al?\gh x 0 ! height ( summ]1 ! gr\nd 0 f\nd froz5 sev]al in*es bel[ ! surface1 & ! spray froze on ! o>s & rigg+ ( _! boats1 :i* ! drift-ice along ! %ore ultimately oblig$ !m to leave beh9d4 ,z !y w5t onw>d on foot1 heavily lad51 ! frequ5t necessity ( wad+ up to ! middle 9 ! ice-cold wat] ( ! inlets1 toge!r ) ! con/ant fogs & ! %>p nor? w9d1 tri$ _! p[]s ( endurance to ! utmo/2 b ,simpson1 ! h]o ( ! exp$ition1 0 n to be det]r$ by any ?+ %ort ( absolute impossibility2 nor did he /op till he _h rea*$ ,po9t ,b>r[4 ,inde$1 no man c\ld be m fit ?an he to lead an exp$ition l ?is1 = he _h once be=e travell$ #bjjj miles on foot 9 ! middle ( w9t] f ,york ,factory to ,a?abasca1 walk+ sometimes n less ?an fifty miles 9 "o day1 & )\t any protection aga9/ ! cold b an ord9>y clo? mantle4 ,aft] w9t]+ at ,=t ,confid5ce1 on ,great ,be> ,lake1 ! next season 0 pr(itably employ$ 9 desc5d+ ! ,copp]m9e ,riv]1 & trac+ ne>ly #adj miles ( new coa/ beyond ,cape ,turnaga91 ! limit ( ,frankl9's survey 9 #ahba4 ,! ?ird season 7#ahci7 0 /ill m favor$ by =tune1 = ,simpson succe$$ 9 discov]+ ! :ole coa/ beyond ,cape ,turnaga9 z f> z ,ca/or & ,pollux ,riv] 7,augu/ #bj1 #ahci71 on ! ea/]n side ( ! va/ arm ( ! sea :i* receives ! wat]s ( ! ,great ,fi% ,riv]4 ,on 8 return voyage1 he trac$ sixty miles ( ! s\? coa/ ( ,k+ ,william's ,isl&1 & a consid]able "p ( ! high1 bold %ores ( ,victoria ,l&1 & rea*$ ,=t ,confid5ce on ,septemb] #bd1 aft] "o ( ! longe/ & mo/ successful boat voyages ev] p]=m$ 9 ! ,pol> wat]s1 hav+ trav]s$ m ?an #afjj miles ( sea4 ,un=tunately he 0 n de/9$ to reap ! rew>ds ( 8 labor1 = 9 ! foll[+ ye>1 :ile travell+ f ! ,r$ ,riv] to ! ,mississippi1 :]e he int5d$ to emb>k = ,engl&1 he 0 assass9at$ by 8 ,indian guides2 & ?us di$1 9 ! ?irty-six? ye> ( 8 age1 "o ( ! be/ m5 t h ev] s]v$ ! cause ( sci5ce 9 ! froz5 nor?4 ,on ,may #bf1 #ahde1 ,sir ,john ,frankl91 n[ 9 ! sixtie? ye> ( 8 age1 & ,capta9 ,crozi]1 sail$ f ,engl&1 to make a new attempt at ! nor?-we/ passage4 ,nev] did /\t] vessels ?an ! 8,erebus0 & 8,t]ror10 well-tri$ 9 ! ,ant>ctic ,seas1 c>ry a f9] or m ably comm&$ crew2 nev] be=e _h human =esight s /ra9$ all h] res\rces to insure success2 & ?us1 :5 ! comm&]'s la/ dispat*es f ! ,:alefi% ,isl&s1 ,baff9's ,bay 7,july #ab71 previ\s to 8 sail+ to ,lanca/] ,s\nd1 arriv$ 9 ,engl& no "o d\bt$ b t he 0 ab\t to add a new & brilliant *apt] to ! hi/ory ( ,arctic discov]y4 ,8 return 0 confid5tly expect$ t[>ds ! end ( #ahdg2 b :5 ! w9t] pass$ & /ill no tid+s came1 ! anxiety at 8 prolong$ abs5ce became g5]al1 & ! e>ly "p ( #ahdh witness$ ! beg9n+ ( a s]ies ( se>*+ exp$itions fitt$ out at ! public co/ or by private munific5ce1 on a scale exce$+ all =m] examples4 ,! 8,plov]0 & ! 8,h]ald0 7#ahdh7 7 s5t to ,b]+'s ,/raits to meet ,frankl9 ) supplies1 %\ld he succe$ 9 gett+ ?i!r4 ,9 spr+ ,sir ,john ,ri*>dson hurri$ to ! %ores ( ! ,pol> ,sea1 anxi\s to f9d ! traces ( 8 lo/ fri5d4 ,he 0 accompani$ by ,dr4 ,rae1 :o _h j return$ f ! memorable l& exp$ition 7#ahdf-dg71 dur+ :i*1 aft] cross+ ! i/hmus :i* jo9s ,melville ,p59sula to ! ma9l&1 he trac$ ! %ores ( ,committee ,bay & ! ea/ coa/ ( ,boo?ia z f> z ! ,"l ,mayor's ,bay ( ,sir ,john ,ross1 ?us prov+ t desolate l& to be likewise a va/ p59sula4 ,b 9 va9 did ,rae & ,ri*>dson explore all ! coa/s betwe5 ! ,mack5zie & ! ,copp]m9e4 ,! des]t rema9$ mute2 & ,sir ,james ,ross 78,ent]prise07 & ,capta9 ,bird 78,inve/igator071 :o set sail 9 ,june1 #ahdh1 ?ree mon?s aft] ,dr4 ,ri*>dson's dep>ture1 & m9utely exam9$ all ! %ores ne> ,b>r[ ,/rait1 prov$ equally unsuccessful4 ,?ree ye>s _h n[ pass$ s9ce ,frankl9 _h be5 expect$ home1 & ev5 ! mo/ sangu9e began to despair2 b to remove all d\bts1 x 0 resolv$ to explore once m all ! gulfs & *annels ( ! ,pol> ,sea4 ,?us 9 ! ye> #ahej no less ?an twelve %ips sail$ =?1 "s to ,b]+'s ,/raits1 "s to ! s\nds lead+ f ,baff9's ,bay4#af ,o!r exp$itions foll[$ 9 #aheb & #ahec1 & ?\gh none ( !m succe$$ 9 ! object ( _! se>*1 yet !y enri*$ ! geography ( ! ,arctic ,_w ) _m int]e/+ discov]ies1 ! mo/ important ( :i* ,i w n[ briefly m5tion4 ,ov]com+ ! ice ( ,baff9's ,bay by ! aid ( _! p[]ful /eam-tugs1 ,au/91 ,ommaney1 & ,p5ny rea*$ ! entrance ( ,lanca/] ,s\nd4 ,"h !y sep>at$1 & :ile ! 8,resolute0 rema9$ beh9d to exam9e ! neighborhood ( ,pond's ,bay1 ,ommaney f\nd at ,cape ,riley 7,nor? ,devon7 ! fir/ traces ( ! lo/ exp$ition4 ,he 0 soon jo9$ by ,ross1 ,au/91 ,p5ny1 & ! ,am]icans1 & a m9ute inve/igation soon prov$ t ,cape ,sp5c] & ,bee*ey ,isl&1 at ! entrance ( ,well+ton ,*annel1 _h be5 ! site ( ,frankl9's fir/ w9t]-qu>t]s1 di/9ctly m>k$ by ! rema9s ( a l>ge /oreh\se1 /aves ( casks1 empty pemmican-t9s1 &1 mo/ t\*+ relic ( all1 a little g>d5 %ap$ into a neat oval by "s fl[]-lov+ sailor1 & fill$ ) ! few h>dy plants :i* t bleak clime c n\ri%4 ,mean:ile w9t] approa*$1 & little m c\ld be done t season2 s all ! vessels :i* _h ent]$ ,b>r['s ,/rait n[ took up _! w9t]-qu>t]s at ! s\!rn extremity ( ,cornwallis ,l&2 ) ! exception ( ! 8,pr9ce ,alb]t10 :i* set sail = ,engl& be=e w9t] set 91 & ( ! ,am]icans1 :o1 p]ceiv+ ! impolicy ( s _m %ips press+ to ! we/w>d on "o p>allel1 turn$ back1 b 7 soon %ut up 9 ! pack-ice1 :i* = eight long mon?s kept !m prison]s4 ,! 8,rescue0 & 8,advance0 7 drift$ backw>d & =w>d 9 ,well+ton ,*annel until 9 ,decemb] a t]rific /orm drove !m into ,b>r['s ,/rait1 & /ill f>!r on into ,lanca/] ,s\nd4 ,sev]al times dur+ ?is dreadful passage !y 7 9 dang] f ! ice op5+ r\nd !m & clos+ sudd5ly aga91 & only escap$ be+ 8nipp$0 by _! small size & /rong build1 :i* enabl$ !m to rise above ! oppos+ edges in/ead ( be+ cru%$ betwe5 !m4 ,ev5 on _! arrival 9 ,baff9's ,bay ! ice did n release !m f its hold1 & x 0 n till ,june #i1 #ahea1 t !y rea*$ ! ,dani% settlem5t at ,disco4 ,aft] recruit+ 8 exhau/$ crew1 ! gallant ,de ,hav5 det]m9$ to return & prosecute ! se>* dur+ ! rema9d] ( ! season2 b ! disc\rag+ reports ( ! :al]s induc$ him to *ange 8 purpose1 & ! %ips & crews rea*$ ,new ,york at ! beg9n+ ( ,octob]1 hav+ pass$ ?r\gh p]ils su* z few h endur$ & /ill few] h liv$ to rec\nt4 ,mean:ile ! ,engli% se>*+ exp$itions _h n rema9$ inactive4 ,z soon z spr+ came1 well-organiz$ sl$ge exp$itions 7 dispat*$ 9 all directions1 b !y all return$ ) ! same inv>iable tale ( disappo9tm5t4 ,z soon z ,well+ton ,*annel op5$1 ,p5ny boldly ent]$ ! ice-lanes ) a boat1 &1 aft] a s]ies ( adv5tures & difficulties1 p5etrat$ up ,que5's ,*annel z f> z ,b>+ ,isl& & ,cape ,bee*]1 :]e1 mo/ reluctantly1 he 0 compell$ to turn back4 ,a f9e op5 sea /ret*$ invit+ly away to ! nor?1 b 8 fragile boat 0 ill-equipp$ = a voyage ( discov]y4 ,fully p]suad$ t ,frankl9 mu/ h foll[$ ?is r\te1 he fail$1 h[ev]1 9 conv9c+ ,capta9 ,au/9 ( ! tru? ( 8 !ory1 & z1 )\t t (fic]'s co-op]ation1 no?+ c\ld be effect$1 he 0 compell$ to foll[ ! c\rse po9t$ out by ! ,admiralty squadron1 :i*1 aft] two ineffectual attempts to ent] ,smi?'s & ,jones's ,s\nds1 return$ to ,engl&4 ,! 8,pr9ce ,alb]t0 hav+ br\ght home 9 #ahej ! intellig5ce ( ! discov]ies at ,bee*ey ,isl&1 x 0 resolv$ to prosecute ! se>* dur+ ! next season1 & no "t 0 lo/ to refit ! little vessel & s5d h] once m on h] noble err&1 "u ! comm& ( ,william ,k5n$y 7#ahea-eb71 to exam9e ,pr9ce ,reg5t's ,inlet1 on ! coa/ ( ,nor? ,som]set4 ,f9d+ ! passage ob/ruct$ by a b>ri] ( ice1 ,k5n$y 0 oblig$ to take a tempor>y refuge 9 ,port ,b[51 on ! ea/]n %ore ( ! inlet4 ,z x 0 v undesirable1 h[ev]1 to w9t] on ! opposite coa/ to t along :i* lay _! l9e ( se>*1 ,k5n$y1 ) f\r ( 8 m51 cross$ to ,port ,leopold1 amid masses ( ice1 to asc]ta9 :e!r any docum5ts _h be5 left at ?is po9t by previ\s se>*+ p>ties4 ,none hav+ be5 f\nd1 !y prep>$ to return2 b to _! dismay !y n[ f\nd ! inlet s block$ ) ice z to r5d] x absolutely impossible to rea* ! vessel ei!r by boat or on foot4 ,d>kness 0 fa/ clos+ r\nd !m1 ! ice-floe on :i* !y /ood ?reat5$ e in/ant to be %iv]$ 9 fragm5ts by ! cont5d+ ice-blocks :i* cra%$ furi\sly aga9/ x3 unless !y in/antly return$ to %ore1 any mom5t might prove _! la/4 ,a bitt] cold night 7,septemb] #aj1 #ahea71 ) no %elt] b _! boat1 "u :i* ea* man 9 turn took an h\r's re/--! o!rs1 fatigu$ z !y 71 seek+ safety 9 brisk ex]cise--0 sp5t on ?is inhospitable %ore1 & on ! foll[+ morn+ !y discov]$ t ! %ip _h disappe>$4 ,! drift-ice _h c>ri$ h] away1 leav+ ,k5n$y & 8 companions to brave ! w9t] z well z !y c\ld1 & to endeavor 9 ! spr+ to rejo9 _! vessel1 :i* mu/ h drift$ d[n ! inlet1 & 0 mo/ likely by ?is "t imprison$ by ! ice4 ,=tunately a dpt ( provisions1 left by ,sir ,james ,ross at ,:al] ,po9t1 0 tol]ably ne>1 & f9d+ all 9 good pres]vation1 !y began to fit up a laun*1 :i* _h be5 left at ! same place z ! /ores1 = a tempor>y abode4 ,"h !y sat1 on ,octob] #ag1 r\nd a *e]ful fire1 manufactur+ w9t] g>m5ts & completely resign$ to _! lot1 :5 sudd5ly1 to _! inexpressible joy1 !y he>d ! s\nd ( well-kn[n voices1 & ,lieut5ant ,bellot1 ! second 9 comm& ( ! 8,pr9ce ,alb]t10 appe>$ ) a p>ty ( sev5 m54 ,twice be=e _h ?is gallant ,fr5* volunte] made unavail+ attempts to rea* ! des]t$ p>ty1 :o soon =got _! pa/ mis]y z !y accompani$ _! fri5ds back to ! %ip4 ,9 ! foll[+ spr+ ,k5n$y & ,bellot explor$ ,nor? ,som]set & ,pr9ce ( ,wales' ,l&1 trav]s+ ) _! sl$ge #aajj miles ( des]t1 b )\t discov]+ ! lea/ traces ( ,frankl9 or 8 comrades4 ,yet 9 spite ( ^! frequ5t disappo9tm5ts ! se>*+ exp$itions 7 n giv5 ov]1 & z ,well+ton ,*annel & ! s\nds to ! nor? ( ,baff9's ,bay appe>$ to (f] ! be/ *ances1 ! spr+ ( #aheb witness$ ! dep>ture ( ,sir ,edw>d ,bel*] & ,capta9 ,+lefield#ag = ^? /ill unkn[n regions4 ,! voyage ( ! latt] prov$ "o ( ! mo/ successful 9 ! annals ( ,arctic navigation4 ,boldly pu%+ up ,smi?'s ,s\nd1 :i* _h hi!rto baffl$ e rese>*1 ,+lefield exam9$ ?is noble *annel z f> z #gh #cj2 ,n4 lat41 :5 /ormy wea!r drove him back4 ,he next attempt$ ,jones's ,s\nd1 & ent]$ x suffici5tly to see x exp& into a wide *annel to ! nor?w>d4 ,! squadron :i* sail$ "u ! comm& ( ,sir ,edw>d ,bel*] 0 *>g$ ) ! d\ble mission ( prosecut+ ! discov]ies 9 ,well+ton ,*annel1 & ( af=d+ assi/ance to ,coll9son & ,m',clure1 :o1 x w be rememb]$1 _h sail$ 9 #ahej to ,b]+'s ,/raits4 ,at ,bee*ey ,isl&1 :]e ! 8,nor? ,/>0 0 /ation$ z dpt-%ip1 ! squadron sep>at$1 ,bel*] proce$+ ) ! 8,assi/ance0 & ! 8,pione]0 up ,well+ton ,*annel1 :ile ,kellett1 ) ! 8,resolute0 & 8,intrepid10 /e]$ to ! we/4 ,sc>cely _h ! latt] rea*$ 8 w9t]-qu>t]s 7,septemb] #g1 #aheb7 at ,dealy ,isl&1 on ! s\? coa/ ( ,melville ,isl&1 :5 p>ties 7 s5t out to deposit provisions at v>i\s po9ts ( ! coa/1 = ! sl$ge p>ties 9 ! ensu+ spr+4 ,! difficulties ( transport ov] ! brok5 surface ( ! des]t :5 d5ud$ ( sn[ may be e/imat$ f ! fact1 t ?\gh ! di/ance f ! nor? to ! s\? coa/ ( ,melville ,isl& is no m ?an ?irty-six miles 9 a direct l9e1 ,lieut5ant ,m',cl9tock requir$ no less ?an n9ete5 days to rea* ! ,hecla & ,grip] ,gulf4 ,simil> difficulties await$ ,lieut5ant ,me*am on 8 way to ,liddon ,gulf1 b he 0 amply rew>d$ by f9d+ at ,w9t] ,h>bor dispat*es f ,m',clure1 %[+ t1 9 ,april1 #ahea1 ! 8,inve/igator0 0 ly+ 9 ,m]cy ,bay1 on ! opposite side ( ,banks's ,/rait1 & t consequ5tly ! nor?-we/ passage1 ! object ( s _m h]oic ef=ts1 0 at la/ discov]$4 ,on ,m>* #i1 #ahec1 ! 8,resolute0 op5$ h] spr+ campaign ) ,lieut5ant ,pym's sl$ge j\rney to ,m]cy ,bay1 to br+ assi/ance to ,m',clure1 or to foll[ 8 traces 9 case he %\ld no long] be !re4 ,a mon? lat] ?ree o!r sl$ge exp$itions left ! %ip4 ,! "o "u ,m',cl9tock proce$$ f ! ,hecla & ,grip] ,gulf to ! we/1 & return$ aft] "o hundr$ & six days1 hav+ explor$ #abjj miles ( coa/--a sl$ge j\rney )\t a p>allel 9 ! hi/ory ( ,arctic rese>*1 ?\gh ne>ly equall$ by ! second p>ty "u ,lieut5ant ,me*am1 :i* likewise />t$ to ! we/ f ,liddon ,gulf1 & travell$ ov] a ?\s& miles 9 n9ety-?ree days4 ,! ?ird p>ty1 "u ,lieut5ant ,hamilton1 :i* proce$$ to ! nor?-ea/ t[>ds ! r5dezv\s appo9t$ by ,sir ,edw>d ,bel*] ! prec$+ summ]1 0 ! fir/ t return$ to ! %ip1 b be=e its arrival ano!r p>ty _h f\nd its way to ! 8,resolute0--pale1 worn1 emaciat$ figures1 sl[ly creep+ along ov] ! unev5 ice4 ,a /rang] might h be5 surpris$ at ! ?und]+ hurrahs :i* hail$ ! ragg$ troop f a di/ance1 or at ! w>m & cordial greet+s :i* welcom$ !m on deck1 b no wond] t ,m',clure & 8 h]oic crew 7 ?us receiv$ by _! fell[-seam5 aft] a ?ree ye>s' imprisonm5t 9 ! ice ( ! ,pol> ,sea4 ,on ,augu/ #a1 #ahej1 ! 8,inve/igator10 long s9ce sep>at$ f h] consort1 ! 8,ent]prise10 _h met ! 8,h]ald0 & 8,plov]0#ah at ,cape ,lisburne1 beyond ,b]+'s ,/raits1 & n[ plung$ alone into ! unkn[n wild]nesses ( ! ,arctic ,ocean4 ,%e rea*$ ! coa/ ( ,banks's ,l& on ,septemb] #f1 discov]$ ,pr9ce ,alb]t ,l& on ! #i?1 & !n sail$ up ,pr9ce ( ,wales' ,/rait1 :]e1 on ,octob] #i1 %e froze 9 = ! w9t]4 ,9 ! same mon?1 h[ev]1 a sl$ge exp$ition 0 s5t to ! nor!rn extremity ( ! /rait1 :i* e/abli%$ ! fact ( its communication ) ,p>ry ,s\nd & ,b>r['s ,/rait4 ,9 ! foll[+ ,july ! 8,inve/igator10 ?\gh set free1 0 prev5t$ f p5etrat+ into ! s\nd by impassable b>ri]s ( ice4 ,no?+ n[ rema9$ b to return to ! s\!rn extremity ( ! /rait1 & !n to advance along ! we/ coa/ ( ,banks's ,l& to ! nor?4 ,?is c\rse 0 foll[$ ) tol]able ease till ,augu/ #bj1 :5 ! %ip 0 driv5 betwe5 ! ice & ! bea* a little nor? ( ,pr9ce ,alb]t ,cape4 ,"h %e lay 9 comp>ative safety till ! #bi?1 :5 ! imm5se floe to :i* %e 0 atta*$ 0 rais$ edgeways out ( ! wat]1 f ! pressure ( surr\nd+ ice1 & lift$ p]p5dicul>ly "s tw5ty-five feet4 ,! slighte/ additional pressure w\ld h ?r[n ! delicately-pois$ vessel entirely ov]1 b =tunately a l>ge piece f und]nea? 0 r5t away1 & aft] "o or two frightful oscillations ! floe right$ itself & drift$ onw>d1 be>+ ! %ip unh>m$ ^u its c\rse4 ,dur+ ! succe$+ mon?1 e day br\ght its p]ils4 ,n[ =c$ a%ore by ! pressure ( ! ice1 n[ hurri$ along amid/ its inclos+ masses1 ! adv5tur]s1 sl[ly work+ _! way along ! nor? coa/ ( ,banks's ,l&1 at l5g? f\nd refuge 9 a h>bor to :i* ! appropriate "n ( ,m]cy ,bay 0 ?ankfully giv54 ,"h !y sp5t two w9t]s--! int]v5+ summ] hav+ fail$ to release ! %ip4 ,9 ! spr+ ( #ahec ,lieut5ant ,pym br\ght !m ! joyful news t ! 8,resolute0 0 n f> (f4 ,su* _h be5 ! adv5tures ( ,m',clure up to ! mom5t :5 ,kellett welcom$ him on bo>d4 ,mean:ile nei!r ! sl$ge p>ties ( ! 8,resolute10 nor ^? :i* ,sir ,edw>d ,bel*] _h s5t out 9 all directions f 8 fir/ w9t]-qu>t]s 9 ,nor?umb]l& ,s\nd 7#gf #eb ,n4 lat471 on ! we/ side ( ,gr9nell ,p59sula1 _h be5 able to discov] ! lea/ traces ( ,frankl94 ,! w9t] 7#ahec-ed7 pass$1 & 9 ! foll[+ ,april ,lieut5ant ,me*am f\nd 9 ,pr9ce ( ,wales' ,/rait1 & lat] on ,ramsay ,isl&1 at its s\!rn outlet1 docum5ts f ,coll9son1 be>+ date ,augu/ #bg1 #aheb1 & giv+ full intellig5ce ( 8 proce$+s s9ce 8 sep>ation f ! 8,inve/igator40 ,:ile ,m',clure 0 a*iev+ 9 #ahej ! discov]y ( ! nor?-we/ passage1 ,coll9son1 hav+ arriv$ 9 ,b]+'s ,/raits lat] 9 ! season1 0 unable to d\ble ,po9t ,b>r[4 ,9 #ahea1 h[ev]1 he succe$$ 9 gett+ r\nd t projection1 & pursu+ ! cont95tal *annel z easily z 8 precursor _h done1 foll[$ him ?r\gh ,pr9ce ( ,wales' ,/rait2 b1 ?\gh he p5etrat$ a few miles f>!r into ,melville ,s\nd1 he f\nd no passage1 & return+ to ! s\? end ( ! /rait pass$ ! w9t] ( #ahea-eb 9 ,walk] ,bay4 ,next summ] he c>ri$ 8 %ip ?r\gh ,dolph9 & ,union ,/raits & ,dease ,/rait to ,cambridge ,bay1 :]e he sp5t 8 second w9t] 7#aheb-ec74 ,8 sl$ge p>ties explor$ ! we/ side ( ,victoria ,/rait1 b a defici5cy ( coals compell$ him to return ! way he came1 in/ead ( attempt+ to =ce a passage ?r\gh ! *annel4 ,he did n1 h[ev]1 get r\nd ,b>r[ ,po9t on 8 return )\t pass+ a ?ird w9t] on ! nor!rn coa/ ( ,am]ica4 ,on return+ to ! 8,resolute10 ,lieut5ant ,me*am f\nd all h&s busy prep>+ to leave ! %ip1 ,sir ,e4 ,bel*] hav+ giv5 ord]s to ab&on h]1 z well z ! 8,assi/ance10 8,pione]10 & 8,intrepid10 :i* _h n[ be5 block$ up above a ye> 9 ! ice1 & _h no *ance ( escap+4 ,?us ! summ] ( #ahed witness$ ! return to ,engl& ( ! 8,nor? ,/>10 ) all ^? brave crews :i* _h sp5t s _m unavail+ ef=ts1 & 9 num]\s boat & sl$ge excursions _h explor$ s _m kn[n & unkn[n coa/s 9 se>* ( ,frankl92 & ?us also ,m',clure & 8 comrades1 ab&on+ ! 8,inve/igator0 9 ,m]cy ,bay1 return$ home ?r\gh ,davis's ,/raits1 aft] hav+ ent]$ ! ,pol> ,ocean at ! ,/rait ( ,b]+4 ,he _h1 h[ev]1 be5 prec$$ by ,lieut5ant ,cresswell & ,mr4 ,wynniat1 :o1 on an excursion to ,bee*ey ,isl& 9 ! summ] ( #aheh1 _h !re met ) & jo9$ ! 8,phnix10 ,capta9 ,+lefield1 :o1 accompani$ by 8 fri5d ,lieut5ant ,bellot1 _h convey$ provisions to ,sir ,e4 ,bel*]'s squadron1 & 0 ab\t to return to ,engl&4 ,dur+ ?is exp$ition ,bellot1 ^: _m excell5t qualities _h made him a univ]sal favorite1 0 un=tunately dr[n$ by a fall into an ice-crevice dur+ a sl$ge excursion4 ,a /one monum5t erect$ be=e ,gre5wi* ,hospital rem9ds ,engl& ( ! gallant volunte] ^: "n is glori\sly l9k$ ) t ( ,frankl9 9 ,arctic hi/ory4 ,ye>s _h ?us pass$ )\t br++ any tid+s ( ! 8,erebus0 & 8,t]ror0 s9ce ! discov]y ( _! fir/ w9t]-qu>t]s1 until at la/1 9 ! spr+ ( #ahed1 ,dr4 ,rae1 ( ! ,hudson's ,bay ,company1 :ile engag$ 9 ! survey ( ! ,boo?ian i/hmus1 fell 9 ) a p>ty ( ,esquimaux1 :o in=m$ him t 9 ! spr+ ( #ahej "s ( _! c\ntrym5 on ,k+ ,william's ,isl& _h se5 a p>ty ( :ite m5 mak+ _! way to ! ma9l&4 ,none ( !m c\ld speak ! ,esquimaux language intelligibly1 b by signs !y gave !m to und]/& t _! %ips _h be5 cru%$ by ice1 & t !y 7 n[ go+ to :]e !y expect$ to f9d de] to %oot4 ,at a lat] date ( ! same season1 b be=e ! break+ up ( ! ice1 ! bodies ( "s ?irty m5 7 discov]$ on ! cont95t a day's j\rney f ,back's ,great ,fi% ,riv]1 & five on an isl& ne> x4 ,"s ( ! bodies _h be5 buri$ 7probably ^? ( ! fir/ victims ( fam9e71 "s 7 9 a t5t1 o!rs "u ! boat :i* _h be5 turn$ ov] to =m a %elt]1 & sev]al lay scatt]$ ab\t 9 diff]5t directions4 ,( ^? f\nd on ! isl&1 "o 0 suppos$ to h be5 an (fic]1 z he _h a telescope /rapp$ ov] 8 %\ld]1 & 8 d\ble-b>rell$ gun lay und]nea? him4 ,! mutilat$ condition ( sev]al ( ! corpses & ! cont5ts ( ! kettles left no d\bt t our wret*$ c\ntrym5 _h be5 driv5 to ! la/ res\rce ( cannibalism1 z a means ( prolong+ exi/5ce4 ,"s silv] spoons & =ks1 a r\nd silv] plate1 engrav$ 8,sir ,john ,frankl91 ,k4,c4,b410 a /> or ord]1 ) ! motto1 8,nec asp]a t]r5t10 :i* ,dr4 ,rae pur*as$ ( ! ,esquimaux1 corroborat$ ! tru? ( _! n>rative4 ,?us x 0 n[ kn[n h[ "p ( ! un=tunate m>9]s _h p]i%$1 b ! fate ( ! exp$ition 0 /ill envelop$ 9 my/]y4 ,:at _h become ( ! %ips & ( ! great] "p ( _! crews8 ,& 0 ,frankl9 "o ( ! p>ty se5 by ! ,esquimaux1 or _h an e>li] dea? %ort5$ 8 suff]+s8 ,to solve at lea/ ?is m\rnful secret--= e hope t he might /ill be alive _h long s9ce vani%$--8 noble wid[ resolv$ to sp5d all h] available means--s9ce ,gov]nm5t w\ld no long] prosecute ! se>*--& ) ! assi/ance ( h] fri5ds1 b mo/ly at h] own exp5se1 fitt$ out a small screw /eam]1 ! 8,fox10 :i* ! gallant ,m',cl9tock1 already di/+ui%$ 9 p]il\s ,pol> voyages1 volunte]$ to comm&4 ,ano!r ,arctic (fic]1 ,lieut5ant ,hobson1 likewise came =w>d to s]ve )\t pay4 ,at fir/ x seem$ z if all ! elem5ts _h conspir$ aga9/ ! success ( ?is "w ( piety1 = 9 ! summ] ( #aheg ! float+ ice (f ,melville ,bay1 on ! coa/ ( ,gre5l&1 seiz$ ! 8,fox10 & aft] a dre>y w9t]1 v>i\s n>r[ escapes1 & eight mon?s ( imprisonm5t1 c>ri$ h] back ne>ly #abjj geographical miles1 ev5 to #fc ,n4 lat4 9 ! ,atlantic4 ,at l5g?1 on ,april #be1 #aheh1 ! 8,fox0 got free1 &1 hav+ avail$ h]self ( ! scanty /ores & provisions :i* ! small ,dani% settlem5t ( ,hol/5burg af=d$1 sail$ into ,b>r[ ,/rait4 ,f9d+ ,frankl9 ,*annel ob/ruct$ ) ice1 %e !n turn$ back1 & /eam+ up ,pr9ce ,reg5t's ,inlet1 arriv$ at ! ea/]n op5+ ( ,bellot's ,/rait4 ,"h ! passage to ! we/ 0 aga9 f\nd block$ ) ice1 & aft] five ineffectual attempts to pass1 ! 8,fox0 at l5g? took up h] w9t]-qu>t]s 9 ,port ,k5n$y1 on ! nor!rn side ( ! /rait4 ,on 8 fir/ sl$ge excursion 9 ! foll[+ spr+1 ,m',cl9tock met at ,cape ,victoria1 on ! s\?-we/ coa/ ( ,boo?ia1 ) a p>ty ( ,esquimaux1 :o in=m$ him t "s ye>s back a l>ge %ip _h be5 cru%$ by ! ice out 9 ! sea to ! we/ ( ,k+ ,william's ,isl&1 b t all ! p l&$ safely4 ,meet+ ) ! same ,esquimaux on ,april #bj1 he le>n$1 aft] mu* anxi\s inquiry1 t besides ! %ip :i* _h be5 se5 to s9k 9 deep wat]1 a second "o _h be5 =c$ on %ore by ! ice1 :]e !y suppos$ x /ill rema9$1 b mu* brok54 ,!y add$ t x 0 9 ! fall ( ! ye>--t is1 ,augu/ or ,septemb]--:5 ! %ips 7 de/roy$2 t all ! :ite p w5t away to ! ,great ,fi% ,riv]1 tak+ a boat or boats ) !m1 & t 9 ! foll[+ w9t] _! bones 7 f\nd !re4 ,^! fir/ indications ( ! fate ( ,frankl9's exp$ition 7 soon foll[$ by o!rs4 ,on ,may #g ,m',cl9tock he>d f an old ,esquimaux woman on ,k+ ,william's ,isl& t _m ( ! :ite m5 dropp$ by ! way z !y w5t to ! ,great ,riv]2 t "s 7 buri$1 & "s 7 n4 ,!y did n !mselves witness ?is1 b discov]$ _! bodies dur+ ! w9t] foll[+4 ,visit+ ! %ore along :i* ! retreat+ crews mu/ h m>*$1 he came1 %ortly aft] midnight ( ,may #be1 :5 sl[ly walk+ along a gravel ridge ne> ! bea*1 :i* ! w9ds kept p>tially b>e ( sn[1 ^u a human skeleton1 p>tly expos$1 ) "h & !re a few fragm5ts ( clo?+ appe>+ ?r\gh ! sn[4 8,a mo/ c>eful exam9ation ( ! spot10 says ,m',cl9tock1 80 ( c\rse made1 ! sn[ remov$1 & e scrap ( clo?+ ga!r$ up4 ,a pocket-book1 :i* be+ froz5 h>d c\ld n be exam9$ on ! spot1 af=d$ /rong gr\nds = hope t "s in=mation might be subsequ5tly obta9$ respect+ ! own]1 & ! m>* ( ! lo/ crews4 ,! victim 0 a "y man1 slightly built1 & p]haps above ! common height2 ! dress appe>$ to be t ( a /ew>d4 ,! poor man seems to h select$ ! b>e ridge top1 z af=d+ ! lea/ tiresome walk+1 & to h fall5 ^u 8 face 9 ! position 9 :i* we f\nd him4 ,x 0 a melan*oly tru? t ! old woman spake :5 %e said1 #8,!y fell d[n & di$ z !y walk$ along4'0 ,mean:ile ,lieut5ant ,hobson1 :o 0 explor+ ) ano!r sl$ge p>ty ! nor?-we/]n coa/ ( ,k+ ,william's ,l&1 _h made ! /ill m important discov]y ( a record giv+ a laconic acc\nt ( ! ,frankl9 exp$ition up to ! "t :5 ! %ips 7 lo/ & ab&on$4 ,x 0 f\nd on ,may #f 9 a l>ge cairn at ,po9t ,victory4 ,x /at$ briefly t 9 #ahde ! 8,erebus0 & 8,t]ror0 _h asc5d$ ,well+ton ,*annel to lat4 #gg1 & return$ by ! we/ side ( ,cornwallis ,isl& to ,bee*ey ,isl&1 :]e !y sp5t ! fir/ w9t]4 ,9 #ahdf !y proce$$ to ! s\?-we/1 ?r\gh ,peel ,s\nd & ,frankl9 ,s\nd1 & ev5tually rea*$ )9 twelve miles ( ! nor? extremity ( ,k+ ,william's ,l&1 :5 _! progress 0 arre/$ by ! ice4 ,sir ,john ,frankl9 di$ on ,june #aa1 #ahdg1 hav+ complet$--two mon?s be=e 8 dea?--! sixty-fir/ ye> ( an active1 ev5tful1 & honorable life4 ,on ,april #bb1 #ahdh1 ! %ips 7 des]t$1 hav+ be5 beset s9ce ,septemb] #ab1 #ahdf4 ,! (fic]s & crew1 consi/+ ( #aje s\ls1 "u ! comm& ( ,capta9 ,crozi]1 l&$ ) ! int5tion ( />t+ = ,back's ,fi% ,riv]1 :i*1 z we h se51 !y 7 nev] de/9$ to rea*4 ,quantities ( clo?+ & articles ( all k9ds 7 f\nd ly+ ab\t ! cairn1 z if ^! m51 aw>e t !y 7 retreat+ = _! lives1 _h !n ab&on$ e ?+ :i* !y consid]$ sup]flu\s4 ,?us all d\bts ab\t ,sir ,john ,frankl9's fate 7 at l5g? remov$4 ,he at lea/ _h di$ on bo>d 8 %ip1 & be5 sp>$ ! mis]able end ( 8 comrades z !y fell "o by "o 9 ! dre>y wild]ness4 ,! two wrecks h disappe>$ )\t leav+ a trace beh9d4 ,a s+le docum5t1 "s co9s & pieces ( plate--?is is all t rema9s ( ! gallant %ips :i* s hopefully sail$ =? "u "o ( ! noble/ seam5 t ev] s]v$ 9 ! navy ( ,great ,brita94 ,x is a curi\s circum/ance t ,frankl9's %ips p]i%$ )9 sight ( ! headl&s nam$ ,cape ,frankl9 & ,cape ,jane ,frankl9 by _! discov]]1 ,sir ,james ,ross1 eighte5 ye>s be=e4 ,,*apt] ,,xxxiv4 ,,kane ,,& ,,hayes4 ,kane sails up ,smi?'s ,s\nd 9 ! 8,advance0 7#ahec74--,w9t]s 9 ,r5ssela] ,bay4--,sl$ge ,j\rney along ! ,coa/ ( ,gre5l&4-- ,! ,?ree-bro!r ,turrets4--,t5nyson's ,monum5t4--,! ,great ,humboldt ,glaci]4--,dr4 ,hayes crosses ,k5n$y ,*annel4--,morton's ,discov]y ( ,wa%+ton ,l&4--,m\nt ,p>ry4--,kane resolves ^u a second ,w9t]+ 9 ,r5ssela] ,bay4--,dep>ture & ,return ( ,"p ( ! ,crew4--,suff]+s ( ! ,w9t]4--,! ,%ip ab&on$4-- ,boat ,j\rney to ,up]navik4--,kane's ,dea? 9 ! ,havana 7#aheg74-- ,dr4 ,hayes's ,voyage 9 #ahfj4--;,he w9t]s at ,port ,f\lke4--,crosses ,k5n$y ,*annel4--,rea*es ,cape ,union1 ! mo/ nor!rn kn[n ,l& ^u ! ,globe4--,koldewey4--,plans = future ,voyages to ! ,nor? ,pole4 ,9 po9t ( dramatic int]e/1 few ( ! ,arctic exp$itions c rival ! second & la/ voyage ( ,dr4 ,kane1 :i*1 to avoid int]rupt+ ! n>rative ( ! discov]y ( ,frankl9's fate by ,dr4 ,rae & ,sir ,james ,m',cl9tock1 ,i h refra9$ f m5tion+ 9 *ronological ord]4 ,weak 9 body1 b great 9 m9d1 ?is rem>kable man1 :o _h accompani$ ! fir/ ,gr9nell exp$ition 9 ! capacity ( surgeon1 sail$ f ,bo/on 9 #ahec1 z comm&] ( ! 8,advance10 ) a crew ( #ag (fic]s & m51 to :i* two ,gre5l&]s 7 subsequ5tly add$4 ,8 plan 0 to pass up ,baff9's ,bay to its mo/ nor!rn atta9able po9t1 & !nce press+ on t[>ds ! pole z f> z boats or sl$ges c\ld rea*1 to exam9e ! coa/-l9es = ve/iges ( ,frankl94 ,battl+ ) /orms & iceb]gs1 he pass$1 on ,augu/ #g1 #ahec1 ! rocky portals ( ,smi?'s ,s\nd1 ,cape ,isabella & ,cape ,alex&]1 :i* _h be5 discov]$ ! ye> be=e by ,+lefield2 left ,cape ,ha!rton--! extreme po9t atta9$ by t navigator--beh9d1 & aft] _m n>r[ escapes f %ipwreck1 secur$ ! 8,advance0 9 ,r5ssela] ,bay1 f :i* %e ,avas de/9$ nev] to em]ge4 ,8 di>y gives u a vivid acc\nt ( ! fir/ w9t] he sp5t 9 ?is hav51 9 lat4 #gh #ch1 almo/ z f> to ! nor? z ! mo/ nor!rn extremity ( ,spitzb]g51 & 9 a f> m rigor\s climate4 8,sept4 #aj1 #ad ,f4--,! birds h left4 ,! sea-swall[s1 :i* ab\nd$ :5 we fir/ rea*$ "h1 & ev5 ! "y burgoma/]s t l+]$ aft] !m1 h all tak5 _! dep>ture = ! s\?4 ,! long 8night 9 :i* no man c "w0 is close at h&2 9 ano!r mon? we %all lose ! sun4 ,a/ronomically1 he %\ld disappe> on ,octob] #bd1 if our horizon 7 free2 b x is ob/ruct$ by a m\nta9 ridge2 &1 mak+ all all[ance = refraction1 we c n c\nt on see+ him aft] ! #aj?4 8,sept4 #aa4--,! long />+ day1 :i* has clung to u = m ?an two mon?s1 to ! exclusion ( ! />s1 has begun to int]mit its brightness4 ,ev5 ,aldeb>an1 ! r$ eye ( ! bull1 fl>$ out into famili> recollection z e>ly z t5 o'clock2 & ! heav5s1 ?\gh /ill some:at r$d5$ by ! gaudy t9ts ( midnight1 gave u ,capella & ,arcturus1 & ev5 t less] light ( home memories1 ! pol> />4 ,/ret*+ my neck to look uncom=tably at ! indication ( our extreme nor!rnness1 x 0 h>d to realize t he 0 n directly ov]head2 & x made me sigh z ,i measur$ ! few degrees ( di/ance t sep>at$ our z5i? f ! pole ov] :i* he hung4 8,oct4 #bh4--,! moon has rea*$ h] greate/ nor!rn decl9ation ( ab\t #be #ce4 ,%e is a glori\s object2 sweep+ ar\nd ! heav5s1 at ! l[e/ "p ( h] curve1 %e is /ill #ad above ! horizon4 ,= eight days %e has be5 mak+ h] circuit ) ne>ly unv>y+ brightness4 ,x is "o ( ^? sp>kl+ nights t br+ back ! memory ( sleigh-bells & songs1 & glad commun+s ( he>ts 9 l&s t are f> away4 8,nov4 #g4--,! d>kness is com+ on ) insidi\s /ead9ess1 & its advances c only be p]ceiv$ by comp>+ "o day ) its fell[ ( "s "t back4 ,we /ill read ! !rmomet] at noonday )\t a light1 & ! black masses ( ! hills are pla9 = ab\t five h\rs1 ) _! gl>+ pat*es ( sn[2 b all ! re/ is d>kness4 ,! />s ( ! six? magnitude %9e out at noonday4 ,except ^u ! isl& ( ,spitzb]g51 :i* has ! advantages ( an insul> climate1 & temp]$ by ocean curr5ts1 no ,*ri/ians h w9t]$ 9 s high a latitude z ?is4#ai ,!y are ,russian sailors :o made ! enc\nt] !re--m5 inur$ to h>d%ips & cold4 ,our d>kness has n9ety days to run be=e we %all get back aga9 ev5 to ! conte/$ twilight ( to-day4 ,altoge!r our w9t] w h be5 sunless = "o hundr$ & =ty days4 8,nov4 #i4--,wi%+ to get ! altitude ( ! cliffs on ! s\?-we/ cape ( our bay be=e ! d>kness set 9 ?or\ghly1 ,i />t$ 9 "t to rea* !m ) my ,newf\ndl&]s at noonday1 ! !rmomet] indicat+ #bc bel[ z]o4 ,fireside a/ronom]s c h>dly realize ! difficulties 9 ! way ( obs]vations at su* l[ temp]atures4 ,! brea?1 & ev5 ! w>m? ( ! face & body1 cl\d ! sextant-arc & glasses ) a f9e ho>-fro/4 ,x is1 moreov]1 an unusual feat to measure a base-l9e 9 ! sn[ at #ee bel[ freez+4 8,nov4 #ba4--,we h s*emes innum]able to *eat ! monoton\s solitude ( our w9t]--a fancy ball2 a newspap]1',! ,ice ,bl9k2' a fox-*ase r\nd ! decks4 8,dec4 #ae4--,we h lo/ ! la/ ve/ige ( our midday twilight4 ,we c n see pr9t1 & h>dly pap]2 ! f+]s c n be c\nt$ a foot f ! eyes4 ,noonday & midnight are alike2 &1 except a vague glimm] 9 ! sky t seems to def9e ! hill outl9es to ! s\?1 we h no?+ to tell u t ?is ,arctic _w ( ours has a sun4 ,9 ! d>kness1 & consequ5t inaction1 x is almo/ 9 va9 t we seek to create topics ( ?\ght1 &1 by a =c$ excitem5t1 to w>d (f ! encroa*m5ts ( disease4 8,jan4 #ba4--;,fir/ traces ( return+ light1 ! s\!rn horizon hav+ = a %ort "t a di/9ct orange t+e4 8,feb4 #ba4--,we h _h ! sun = "s days silv]+ ! ice betwe5 ! headl&s ( ! bay1 & to-day1 t[>ds noon1 ,i />t$ out to be ! fir/ ( my p>ty to welcome him back4 ,x 0 ! longe/ walk & t\ghe/ climb t ,i h _h s9ce our imprisonm5t1 & scurvy & g5]al debility h made me #8%ort o' w9d4' ,b ,i manag$ to atta9 my object4 ,i saw him once m1 & ^u a project+ crag ne/l$ 9 ! sun%9e4 ,x 0 l ba?+ 9 p]fum$ wat]40 ,?us ?is t]rible w9t] night drew to its end1 & ! "t came = und]tak+ ! sl$ge j\rneys1 on :i* ! success ( ! exp$ition ma9ly dep5d$4 ,un=tunately1 ( ! n9e magnific5t ,newf\ndl&]s & ! ?irty-five ,esquimaux dogs orig9ally possess$ by ,kane1 only six _h surviv$ an epizootic malady :i* rag$ among !m dur+ ! w9t]3 _! numb] 01 h[ev]1 increas$ by "s new pur*ases f ! ,esquimaux :o visit$ ! %ip at ! beg9n+ ( ,april4 ,?us scantily provid$ ) ! means ( transport1 ,kane1 ?\gh 9 a v weak condition1 set out on ,april #be1 #ahed1 to =ce 8 way to ! nor?4 ,he f\nd ! ,gre5l& coa/ beyond ,r5ssela] ,bay extremely picturesque1 ! cliffs ris+ boldly f ! %ore-l9e to a height ( sometimes m ?an a ?\s& feet1 & exhibit+ e freak & caprice ( ar*itectural ru94 ,9 "o spot ! slop+ rubbi% at ! foot ( ! coa/-wall l$ up1 l an artificial causeway1 to a gorge t 0 /ream+ at noonday ) ! s\!rn sun1 :ile ev]y:]e else ! rock /ood out 9 ! blacke/ %ad[4 ,j at ! edge ( ?is bright op5+ rose ! dreamy semblance ( a ca/le1 flank$ ) triple t[]s1 completely isolat$ & def9$4 ,^! 7 call$ ! 8,?ree-bro!r ,turrets40 8,f>!r on1 to ! nor? ( latitude #gi1 a s+le cliff ( gre5/one re>s itself f a crumbl$ base ( s&/one1 l ! boldly-*isell$ ramp>t ( an anci5t city4 ,at its nor!rn extremity1 at ! br9k ( a deep rav9e :i* has worn its way among ! ru9s1 !re /&s a solit>y column or m9>et t[]1 z %>ply f9i%$ z if x _h be5 ca/ = ! ,place ,v5dme4 ,yet ! l5g? ( ! %aft alone is #dhj feet1 & x rises on a p$e/al1 itself #bhj feet high4 ,i rememb] well ! emotions ( my p>ty1 z x fir/ broke ^u our view4 ,cold & sick z ,i 01 ,i br\ght back a sket* ( x :i* may h int]e/ = ! read]1 ?\gh x sc>cely sugge/s ! impos+ dignity ( ?is magnific5t l&m>k4 ,^? :o are happily famili> ) ! writ+s ( ,t5nyson1 & h commun$ ) 8 _s 9 ! solitudes ( a wild]ness1 w appreh5d ! impulse t inscrib$ ! sc5e ) 8 "n40 ,b no rock =mation1 h[ev] /rik+ or impressive1 equall$ 9 gr&eur ! magnific5t glaci] to :i* ,kane has giv5 ! "n ( ,humboldt4 ,its solid glassy wall1 dim9i%+ to a well-po9t$ w$ge 9 ! p]spective1 rises #cjj feet above ! wat]-level1 ) an unkn[n1 unfa?omable dep? bel[ x & its curv$ face sixty miles 9 l5g?-- f ,cape ,agassiz to ,cape ,=bes--vani%es into unkn[n space at n m ?an a s+le day's railroad travel f ! pole4 ,9 spite ( ! sn[1 :i* _h s accumulat$ 9 drifts t ! travell]s 7 =c$ to unload _! sl$ges & c>ry =w>d ! c>go on _! backs1 beat+ a pa? = ! dogs to foll[ 91 ,kane came 9 sight ( ! ,great ,glaci] on ,may #d2 b ?is progress 0 de>ly e>n$1 z x co/ him ! la/ remnant ( 8 /r5g?4 8,i 0 seiz$ ) a sudd5 pa910 says ! intrepid explor]1 8& fa9t$4 ,my limbs became rigid1 & c]ta9 obscure tetanoid symptoms ( our w9t] enemy1 ! scurvy1 disclos$ !mselves4 ,i 0 /rapp$ ^u ! sl$ge1 & ! m>* cont9u$ z usual1 b my p[]s dim9i%$ s rapidly t ,i c\ld n resi/ ! o!rwise com=table temp]ature ( #e bel[ z]o4 ,my left foot becom+ froz5 caus$ a vexati\s delay1 & ! same night x became evid5t t ! immovability ( my limbs 0 due to dropsical effusion4 ,on ! #e?1 becom+ deliri\s & fa9t+ e "t t ,i 0 tak5 f ! t5t to ! sl$ge1 ,i succumb$ entirely4 ,my comrades w\ld k9dly p]suade me t1 ev5 _h ,i cont9u$ s\nd1 we c\ld n h proce$$ on our j\rney4 ,! sn[s 7 v heavy1 & increas+ z we w5t2 "s ( ! drifts p]fectly impassable1 & ! level floes (t5 f\r feet deep 9 yield+ sn[4 8,! scurvy _h already brok5 out among ! m51 ) symptoms l my own1 & ,morton1 our /ronge/ man1 0 beg9n+ to give way4 ,x is ! rev]se ( com=t to me t !y %>$ my weakness4 ,all t ,i %\ld rememb] ) pleasurable feel+ is t to my brave companions1 !mselves sc>cely able to travel1 ,i owe my pres]vation4 8,!y c>ri$ me back by =c$ m>*es4 ,i 0 tak5 into ! brig on ! #ad?1 :]e = a week ,i lay fluctuat+ betwe5 life & dea?4 ,dr4 ,hayes reg>ds my attack z "o ( scurvy1 complicat$ by typhoid fev]40 ,=tunately summ] 0 n[ fa/ approa*+1 ) 8 *e]+ sunbeams & 8 g5ial w>m?4 ,! seals began to appe> on ! coa/ 9 l>ge numb]s1 & !re 0 n[ no want ( fre% meat1 ! *ief panacea aga9/ ! scurvy4 ,! sn[-bunt+s return$ to ! ice-cru/$ rocks1 & ! gulls & eid]-ducks came w++ _! way to _! nor!rn bre$+-places4 ,vegetation likewise sprang into life ) m>vell\s rapidity1 & ! gre5 slop+ banks n only refre%$ ! eye1 b yield$ juicy1 anti-scorbutic h]bs4 ,kane's heal? sl[ly b /eadily improv$4 ,he 01 h[ev]1 oblig$ to give up all fur!r sl$ge excursions = ! season1 & to leave ! execution ( 8 plans to 8 m able-bodi$ companions4 ,?us ,dr4 ,hayes1 cross+ ! s\nd 9 a nor?-ea/]ly direction1 rea*$ ! opposite coa/ ( ,gr9nell ,l&1 :i* he survey$ z f> z ,cape ,fraz] 9 lat4 #gj #de4 ,?is j\rney 0 r5d]$ uncommonly sl[ & t$i\s by ! excessively brok5 & rugg$ "* ( ! ice4 ,deep cavities fill$ ) sn[ int]v5$ betwe5 l9es ( hummocks frequ5tly exce$+ tw5ty or ?irty feet 9 height4 ,ov] ^! ! sl$ge _h to be lift$ by ma9 /r5g?1 & x requir$ ! mo/ pa9ful ef=ts ( ! :ole p>ty to lib]ate x f ! sn[ betwe5 !m4 ,dr4 ,hayes return$ on ,june #a1 & a few days lat] ,morton left ! brig1 to survey ! ,gre5l& coa/ beyond ! ,great ,glaci]4 ,! difficulties 7 great1 =1 besides ! usual imp$im5ts ( hummocks1 ! lat5ess ( ! season _h 9 _m places r5d]$ ! ice extremely unsafe1 or ev5 entirely de/roy$ ! ice-l$ge along ! %ore4 ,?us = ! la/ days ( 8 onw>d j\rney he 0 oblig$ to toil ov] ! rocks & along ! bea* ( a sea :i*1 l ! famili> wat]s ( ! s\?1 da%$ 9 waves at 8 feet4 ,morton & 8 companion ,hans1 ! ,esquimaux1 rea*$ on ,june #bf1 #ahed1 ,cape ,con/itution1 a bold headl&1 :]e ! surf roll$ furi\sly aga9/ high ov]hang+ cliffs1 :i* x 0 f\nd impossible to pass4 ,climb+ f rock to rock1 9 hopes ( d\bl+ ! promontory1 ,morton /ood at ?is t]m9ation ( 8 j\rney1 & f a height ( #cjj feet look$ out ^u a great wa/e ( wat]s1 /ret*+ to ! unkn[n nor?4 ,num]\s birds--sea-swall[s1 kittiwakes1 br5t-geese--mix$ _! discordant notes ) ! novel music ( da%+ waves2 & among ! fl[]+ plants gr[+ on ! rocks 0 f\nd a crucif] 7,hesp]is pygma71 ! dri$ pods ( :i*1 /ill conta9+ se$1 _h surviv$ ! we> & te> ( w9t]4 ,f ,cape ,con/itution ! coa/ ( ,wa%+ton ,l& tr5d$ to ! ea/1 b f> to ! nor?-we/1 beyond ! op5 wat]s ( ! *annel1 a peak1 t]m9at+ a range ( m\nta9s simil> 9 _! features to ^? ( ,spitzb]g51 0 se5 t[]+ to a height ( f #bejj to #cjjj feet4 ,?is peak1 ! mo/ remote nor!rn l& at t "t kn[n ^u our globe1 receiv$ ! "n ( ,m\nt ,p>ry4 ,mean:ile ! %ort summ] 0 we>+ on1 &1 z f> z ! eye c\ld rea*1 ! ice rema9$ inflexibly solid4 ,x 0 evid5t t _m days mu/ /ill elapse be=e ! vessel c\ld possibly be lib]at$--b !n mo/ likely w9t] w\ld almo/ h return$--a dismal prospect = m5 :o knew by exp]i5ce ! long fe>ful night ( ! #gi ( latitude1 & :o1 brok5 9 heal? & ) v insuffici5t supplies ( provisions & fuel1 7 b ill arm$ = a second enc\nt]4 ,no wond] t _m ( ,kane's companions ?\ght x bett] to ab&on ! vessel ?an to t>ry any long] 9 ^? froz5 solitudes4 ,b ?\gh x 0 horrible to look ano!r w9t] 9 ! face1 ! resolution ( ,kane c\ld n be %ak54 ,on ,augu/ #bd1 :5 ! la/ hope ( see+ ! vessel once m afloat _h vani%$1 he call$ ! (fic]s & crew toge!r1 & expla9$ to !m frankly ! consid]ations :i* det]m9$ him to rema94 ,to ab&on ! vessel e>li] w\ld h be5 unseemly1 & to rea* ,up]navik s late 9 ! season 0 next to impossible4 ,to su* ( !m1 h[ev]1 z 7 desir\s ( mak+ ! attempt1 he freely gave 8 p]mission s to d1 assur+ !m ( a bro!r's welcome %\ld !y be driv5 back4 ,he !n direct$ ! roll to be call$1 & ea* man to answ] = himself4 ,9 result1 eight out ( ! sev5te5 survivors ( ! p>ty resolv$ to /& by ! brig4 ,! o!rs left on ! #bh?1 ) e appliance :i* ! n>r[ circum/ances ( ! brig c\ld furni% to spe$ & gu>d !m4 ,:5 !y disappe>$ among ! hummocks1 ! /]n realities ( _! condition press$ !mselves ) d\ble =ce on ^? :om !y left beh9d4 ,! r$uc$ numb]s ( ! p>ty1 ! helplessness ( _m1 ! wan+ effici5cy ( all1 ! imp5d+ w9t]1 ) its cold1 d>k nights1 ! p5ury ( _! res\rces1 ! dre>y s5se ( increas$ isolation--all comb9$ to depress !m4 ,b _! en]getic lead]1 leav+ !m no "t = ^! gloomy ?\ghts1 set !m actively to "w to make ! be/ possible prep>ations !y c\ld = ! long cold night to come4 ,he _h c>efully /udi$ ! ,esquimaux1 & det]m9$ t _! =m ( habitations & _! mode ( diet1 )\t _! un?rift & fil?1 7 ! safe/ & be/ t c\ld be adopt$4 ,! deck 0 well padd$ ) moss & turf1 s z to =m a ne>ly cold-pro( cov]+1 &1 d[n bel[1 a space "s eighte5 feet squ>e--! ap>tm5t ( all uses--0 inclos$ & pack$ f floor to ceil+ ) inn] walls ( ! same non-conduct+ mat]ial4 ,! floor itself1 aft] hav+ be5 c>efully caulk$1 0 cov]$ ) ,manilla oakum a c\ple ( in*es deep & a canvas c>pet4 ,! entrance 0 f ! hold1 by a l[ moss-l9$ tunnel1 ) z _m doors & curta9s to close x up z +5uity c\ld devise4 ,l>ge banks ( sn[ 7 also ?r[n up along ! brig's sides to keep (f ! cold w9d4 ,all ^! labors 9 ! op5 air wond]fully improv$ ! heal? ( ! exiles1 & _! /r5g? increas$ f day to day4 ,a fri5dly int]c\rse 0 op5$ ) ! ,esquimaux ( ! w9t] settlem5ts ( ,etah & ,anoatok1 di/ant "s ?irty & sev5ty miles f ! %ip1 :o1 = pres5ts ( ne$les1 p9s1 & knives1 engag$ to furni% walrus & fre% seal meat1 & to %[ ! :ite m5 :]e to f9d ! game4 ,common hunt+-p>ties 7 organiz$1 visits ( c\rtesy & necessity paid1 & ev5 "s p]sonal atta*m5ts e/abli%$ des]v+ ( ! "n4 ,z long z ! ,am]icans rema9$ prison]s ( ! ice1 !y 7 indebt$ to _! savage fri5ds = invaluable c\nsel 9 relation to _! hunt+ exp$itions1 & 9 ! jo9t hunt !y %>$ alike4 ,! ,esquimaux gave !m supplies ( meat at critical p]iods1 & !y 7 able to d z mu* = !m4 ,9 "o ^w1 )\t ! natives1 ,kane & 8 companions w\ld mo/ likely h succumb$ to ! w9t]1 & ! ,esquimaux on _! "p le>n$ to look on ! /rang]s z b5efactors1 & m\rn$ _! dep>ture bitt]ly4 ,on ,decemb] #ab ! p>ty :i* _h ab&on$ ! %ip return$1 hav+ be5 unable to p5etrate to ! s\?1 & 0 receiv$1 z _h be5 promis$1 ) a bro!rly welcome4 ,!y _h suff]$ bitt]ly f ! cold1 want ( food1 & ! fatigues ( _! m>* among ! hummocks4 8,! !rmomet]10 says ,kane1 80 at -#ej2 !y 7 cov]$ ) rime & sn[1 & 7 fa9t+ ) hung]4 ,x 0 necess>y to use caution 9 tak+ !m bel[2 =1 aft] an exposure ( su* fe>ful int5sity & duration z !y _h gone ?r\gh1 ! w>m? ( ! cab9 w\ld h pro/rat$ !m completely4 ,!y _h j\rney$ ?ree hundr$ & fifty miles2 & _! la/ run f ! bay ne> ,etah1 "s sev5ty miles 9 a "r l9e1 0 ?r\gh ! hummocks at ?is appall+ temp]ature4 ,"o by "o !y all came 9 & 7 h\s$4 ,poor fell[s6 z !y ?rew op5 _! ,esquimaux g>m5ts by ! /ove1 h[ !y reli%$ ! scanty luxuries :i* we _h to (f] !m6 ,! c(fee1 & ! meat-biscuit s\p1 & ! molasses1 & ! :eat bread1 ev5 ! salt pork1 :i* our scurvy =bade ! re/ ( u to t\*--h[ !y reli%$ x all6 ,= m ?an two mon?s !y _h liv$ on froz5 seal & walrus meat40 ,?us ,kane1 by 8 det]m9ation n to ab&on ! %ip1 prov$ ! savi\r ( all 8 comrades2 = :at w\ld h become ( !m _h he be5 less firm 9 8 resolution1 or if 8 c\rage _h fail$ him dur+ ! trials ( t dreadful w9t]8 8,febru>y closes10 says ! h]oic explor]2 8?ank ,god = ! lapse ( its tw5ty-eight days6 ,%\ld ! ?irty-"o ( ! com+ ,m>* n drag u f>!r d[nw>d1 we may hope = a successful close to ?is dre>y drama4 ,by ,april #aj we %\ld h seals2 & :5 !y come1 if we rema9 to welcome !m1 we c call ourselves sav$4 ,b a fair review ( our prospects tells me t ,i mu/ look ! lion 9 ! face4 ,! scurvy is /eadily ga9+ on u4 ,i d my be/ to su/a9 ! m desp]ate cases1 b z fa/ z ,i p>tially build up "o1 ano!r is /rick5 d[n4 ,( ! six work]s ( our p>ty1 z ,i c\nt$ !m a mon? ago1 two are unable to d out-door "w1 & ! rema9+ f\r divide ! duty ( ! %ip among !m4 ,hans mu/]s 8 rema9+ en]gies to conduct ! hunt4 ,pet]s5 is 8 di%e>t5$1 mop+ assi/ant4 ,! o!r two1 ,bonsall & myself1 h all ! daily (fices ( h\sehold & hospital4 ,we *op five l>ge sacks ( ice1 cut six fa?oms ( eight-in* haws] into junks ( a foot ea*1 s]ve out ! meat :5 we h x1 hack at ! molasses1 & hew out ) cr[b> & axe ! pork & dri$ apples2 pass up ! f\l slop & cleans+s ( our dormitory1 &1 9 a ^w1 cook1 scullionize1 & att5d ! sick4 ,add$ to ?is1 = five nights runn+ ,i h kept wat* f #h ,p4,m4 to #d ,a4,m41 cat*+ su* naps z ,i c\ld 9 ! day )\t *ang+ my clo!s1 b c>efully wak+ e h\r to note !rmomet]s40 ,) ,m>* came an increase ( suff]+s4 ,e man on bo>d 0 ta9t$ ) scurvy1 & !re 7 seldom m ?an ?ree :o c\ld assi/ 9 c>+ = ! re/4 ,! great] numb] 7 9 _! bunks1 absolutely unable to /ir4 ,_h ,kane's heal? giv5 way1 ! :ole p>ty1 depriv$ ( its lead+ _s1 mu/ inevitably h p]i%$4 ,to ab&on ! %ip 0 n[ an absolute necessity1 = a ?ird w9t] 9 ,r5ssela] ,bay w\ld h be5 c]ta9 dea? to all2 b be=e ! boats c\ld be transport$ to ! op5 wat]1 _m prep>ations _h to be made1 & mo/ ( ! p>ty 7 /ill too weak to move4 ,! int]val 0 employ$ by ,kane 9 an excursion ) 8 fai?ful ,esquimaux to ! ,great ,glaci]4 ,at l5g? on ,may #bj1 #ahee1 ! entire %ip's company bade f>ewell to ! 8,advance10 & set out sl[ly on _! homew>d j\rney4 ,x 0 9 ! s(t1 subdu$ light ( a ,sunday ev5+1 ,june #ag1 t aft] haul+ _! boats ) mu* h>d labor ?r\gh ! hummocks1 !y /ood beside ! op5 sea-way4 ,b fifty-six days _h /ill to pass be=e !y c\ld rea* ! port ( ,up]navik4 ,nei!r /orms nor drift-ice r5d]$ ?is long boat-j\rney dang]\s1 b !y _h to cont5d ) fam9e1 :5 !y at l5g? rea*$ ! op5 bay1 & f\nd !mselves 9 ! full l9e ( ! great ice-drift to ! ,atlantic1 9 boats s unseawor?y z to require con/ant bail+ to keep !m afloat4 ,_! /r5g? _h decreas$ to an al>m+ degree2 !y brea!d heavily2 _! feet 7 s swoll5 t !y 7 oblig$ to cut op5 _! canvas boots2 !y 7 utt]ly unable to sleep1 & ! r[+ & bail+ became h\rly m difficult4 ,x 0 at ?is crisis ( _! =tunes t !y saw a l>ge seal float+--z is ! cu/om ( ^! animals--on a small pat* ( ice1 & seem+ly asleep4 8,trembl+ ) anxiety10 says ,kane1 8we prep>$ to crawl d[n ^u him4 ,pet]s51 ) a l>ge ,engli% rifle1 0 /ation$ 9 ! b[1 & /ock+s 7 drawn ov] ! o>s z muffl]s4 ,z we ne>$ ! animal1 our excitem5t became s int5se t ! m5 c\ld h>dly keep /roke4 ,he 0 n asleep1 = he re>$ 8 head :5 we 7 almo/ )9 rifle-%ot2 & to ?is day ,i c rememb] ! h>d1 c>eworn1 almo/ despair+ expression ( ! m5's ?9 faces z !y saw him move2 _! lives dep5d$ on 8 capture4 ,i depress$ my h& n]v\sly1 z a signal = ,pet]s5 to fire4 ,m',g>y hung ^u 8 o>1 & ! boat sl[ly1 b noiselessly surg+ ahead1 seem$ to me )9 c]ta9 range4 ,look+ at ,pet]s51 ,i saw t ! poor fell[ 0 p>alyz$ by 8 anxiety1 try+ va9ly to obta9 a re/ = 8 gun aga9/ ! cut-wat] ( ! boat4 ,! seal rose on 8 =e flipp]s1 gaz$ at u = a mom5t ) fright5$ curiosity1 & coil$ himself = a plunge4 ,at t in/ant1 simultane\sly ) ! crack ( our rifle1 he relax$ 8 long l5g? on ! ice1 &1 at ! v br9k ( ! wat]1 8 head fell helpless to "o side4 ,i w\ld h ord]$ ano!r %ot1 b no discipl9e c\ld h controll$ ! m54 ,) a wild yell1 ea* vocif]at+ accord+ to 8 own impulse1 !y urg$ _! boats ^u ! floes4 ,a cr[d ( h&s seiz$ ! seal & bore him up to saf] ice4 ,! m5 seem$ half crazy4 ,i _h n realiz$ h[ mu* we 7 r$uc$ by absolute fam9e4 ,!y ran ov] ! floe1 cry+ & laugh+1 & br&i%+ _! knives4 ,x 0 n five m9utes be=e e man 0 suck+ 8 bloody f+]s1 or m\?+ long /rips ( raw blubb]4 ,n an ounce ( ?is seal 0 lo/40 ,)9 a day or two ano!r seal 0 %ot1 & f t "t =w>d !y _h a full supply ( food4 ,:5 ,kane1 aft] an abs5ce ( ?irty mon?s1 return$ on ,octob] #aa1 #ahee1 to ,new ,york1 he 0 en?usia/ically receiv$4 ,well-des]v$ honors ( all sorts await$ him on bo? sides ( ! ,atlantic2 b 8 heal?1 orig9ally weak1 0 completely brok5 by ! trials ( 8 j\rney1 & on ,febru>y #af1 #aheg1 he di$ at ! ,havana1 9 ! ?irty-sev5? ye> ( 8 age4 ,9 him ! ,unit$ ,/ates lo/ "o ( h] noble/ sons1 a true h]o1 ^: "n w ev] %9e among ! mo/ fam\s navigators ( all times & ( all nations4 ,9 #ahfj1 ,dr4 ,hayes1 :o _h accompani$ ,kane on 8 j\rney1 once m sail$ f ,am]ica = ! purpose ( complet+ ! survey ( ,k5n$y's ,*annel1 &1 if possible1 ( pu%+ on to ! pole itself4 ,aft] sev]al n>r[ escapes f ice-fields & iceb]gs1 8 s*oon]1 ! 8,unit$ ,/ates10 0 at l5g? compell$ to take up h] w9t]-qu>t]s at ,port ,f\lke1 on ! ,gre5l& coa/1 ab\t tw5ty miles 9 latitude to ! s\? ( ,r5ssela] ,h>bor4 ,?anks to an abundant supply ( fre% meat 7= ! neighborhood ab\nd$ ) re9de]71 & also no d\bt to ! inexhau/ible fund ( good-humor :i* prevail$ 9 ! %ip's company1 !y pass$ ! w9t] )\t suff]+ f ! scurvy2 b mo/ ( ! dogs on :i* ,dr4 ,hayes reli$ = 8 sl$ge exp$itions 9 ! ensu+ spr+ 7 de/roy$ by ! same epidemic :i* _h be5 s fatal to ! teams ( ,dr4 ,kane4 ,=tunately "s fre% dogs c\ld be pur*as$ & borr[$ ( ! fri5dly ,esquimaux1 & ?us1 e>ly 9 ,april1 #ahfa1 ,dr4 ,hayes left ! s*oon]1 to plunge into ! icy wild]ness4 ,hav+ previ\sly asc]ta9$ t an advance along ! ,gre5l& %ore 0 utt]ly impossible1 he resolv$ to cross ! s\nd1 & to try 8 =tunes along ! coa/ ( ,gr9nell ,l&4 ,( ! difficulties :i* he _h to enc\nt] 8 own words w give ! be/ idea4 8,by w9d+ to ! "r & left1 & by occasionally retrac+ our /eps :5 we _h select$ an impracticable r\te1 we manag$ to get ov] ! fir/ few miles )\t mu* emb>rassm5t1 b f>!r on ! tract 0 r\gh pa/ description4 ,i c comp>e x to no?+ b a promiscu\s accumulation ( rocks closely pack$ toge!r & pil$ up ov] a va/ pla9 9 great heaps & endless ridges1 leav+ sc>cely a foot ( level surface4 ,! int]/ices betwe5 ^! closely accumulat$ ice-masses are fill$ up1 to "s ext5t1 ) drift$ sn[4 ,! read] w readily imag9e ! re/4 ,he w see ! sl$ges w9d+ ?r\gh ! tangl$ wild]ness ( brok5 ice-tables1 ! m5 & dogs pull+ & pu%+ up _! respective loads4 ,he w see !m clamb]+ ov] ! v summit ( l(ty ridges1 ?r\gh :i* !re is no op5+1 & aga9 desc5d+ on ! o!r side1 ! sl$ge (t5 plung+ ov] a precipice1 sometimes capsiz+ & frequ5tly break+4 ,aga9 he w see ! p>ty baffl$ 9 _! attempt to cross or f9d a pass1 break+ a track ) %ovel & h&spike1 or aga91 unable ev5 ) ^! appliances to accompli% _! end1 !y retreat to seek a bett] track2 & !y may be lucky en\gh to f9d a sort ( gap or gateway1 ^u ! w9d+ & unev5 surface ( :i* !y w make a mile or s ) comp>ative ease4 ,! sn[-drifts are sometimes a help1 & sometimes a h9d]ance4 ,_! surface is uni=mly h>d1 b n always firm to ! foot4 ,! cru/ frequ5tly gives way1 & 9 a mo/ tiresome & provok+ mann]4 ,x w n q be> ! weight1 & ! foot s9ks at ! v mom5t :5 ! o!r is lift$4 ,b1 worse ?an ?is1 ! *asms betwe5 ! hummocks are frequ5tly bridg$ ov] ) sn[ 9 su* a mann] z to leave a consid]able space at ! bottom q unfill$2 & at ! v mom5t :5 all looks promis+1 d[n s9ks "o man to 8 middle1 ano!r to ! neck1 ano!r is buri$ out ( sight2 ! sl$ge gives way1 & to extricate ! :ole f ?is unhappy pr$icam5t is probably ! labor ( h\rs4 ,x w\ld be difficult to imag9e any k9d ( labor m di%e>t5+1 or :i* w\ld soon] sap ! en]gies ( bo? m5 & animals4 ,! /r5g? gave way gradually2 & :51 z (t5 happ5$ aft] a long & h>d day's "w1 we c\ld look back f our em95ce & almo/ fire a rifle-ball into our la/ sn[-hut1 x 0 truly disc\rag+40 ,no wond] t aft] ?us toil+ on = tw5ty-five days !y _h n yet rea*$ half-way across ! s\nd1 & t !y 7 all brok5 d[n4 ,b _! bold lead] 0 fully det]m9$ n to ab&on 8 ent]prise :ile /ill ! fa9te/ hope ( success rema9$1 &1 s5d+ ! ma9 p>ty back to ! s*oon]1 he cont9u$ to plunge into ! hummocks ) ?ree pick$ companions--,j5s51 ,m',donald1 ,knorr--& f\rte5 dogs4 ,aft] f\rte5 days ( almo/ sup]human ex]tion ! s\nd 0 at l5g? cross$1 & n[ began a sc>cely less h>ass+ j\rney along ! coa/4 ,on ! fif? day ,j5s51 ! /ronge/ man ( ! p>ty1 completely broke d[n1 & leav+ him to ! *>ge ( ,m',donald1 ,dr4 ,hayes n[ pu%$ on ) ,knorr alone1 until1 on ,may #ah1 he rea*$ ! bord] ( a deep bay1 :]e f>!r progress to ! nor? 0 /opp$ by rott5 ice & cracks4 ,"r be=e him1 on ! opposite side ( ! fri?1 rose ,m\nt ,p>ry1 ! l(ty peak fir/ se5 by ,morton 9 #ahed f ! %ores ( ,wa%+ton ,l&2 & f>!r on1 a noble headl&1 ,cape ,union--! mo/ nor!rn kn[n l& ^u ! globe--/ood 9 fa9t outl9e aga9/ ! d>k sky ( ! op5 sea4 ,?us ,dr4 ,hayes divides ! honor ( extreme nor!rn travel ) ,p>ry4 ,on ,july #ab ! 8,unit$ ,/ates0 0 releas$ f h] icy trammels1 & ,dr4 ,hayes once m attempt$ to rea* ! opposite coa/ & cont9ue 8 discov]ies 9 ,gr9nell ,l&1 b ! s*oon] 0 9 too crippl$ a /ate to =ce h] way ?r\gh ! pack-ice :i* lay 9 h] c\rse1 & compell$ h] comm&] to return to ,bo/on4 ,?us end$ ?is rem>kable voyage2 b hav+ done s mu*1 ,dr4 ,hayes is eag]1 & resolv$1 to d /ill m4 ,fully conv9c$ by 8 own exp]i5ce t m5 may subsi/ 9 ,smi?'s ,s\nd indep5d5t ( support f home1 he proposes to e/abli% a self-su/a9+ colony at ,port ,f\lke1 :i* may be made ! basis ( an ext5d$ exploration4 ,)\t any second p>ty 9 ! field to co-op]ate ) him1 & "u ! mo/ adv]se circum/ances1 he1 by d9t ( indomitable p]sev]ance1 pu%$ 8 discov]ies a hundr$ miles f>!r to ! nor? & we/ ?an 8 pr$ecessors2 & x is surely n ov]-sangu9e to expect t a p>ty bett] provid$ ) ! means ( travel may be able to trav]se ! #dhj miles at lea/ :i* int]v5e betwe5 ,m\nt ,p>ry & ! pole4 ,! op5 sea :i* bo? ,morton & himself f\nd beyond ,k5n$y ,*annel gives fair promise ( success to a /rong vessel t may rea* x aft] hav+ =c$ ! ice-block$ passage ( ,smi?'s ,s\nd1 or1 %\ld ?is be impracticable1 to a boat transport$ across ! s\nd & !n laun*$ ^u its wat]s4 ,capta9 ,%]>d ,osborne1 :o is likewise a w>m p>tisan ( ?is r\te1 has be5 endeavor+ to int]e/ ,gov]nm5t 9 its favor2 b 9 ! op9ion ( o!r sci5tific au?orities an easi] passage seems op5 to ! navigator :o may attempt to rea* ! pole by way ( ,spitzb]g54 ,to ! ea/ ( ?is ar*ipelago ! ,gulf ,/ream rolls its volume ( comp>atively w>m wat] f> on to ! nor?-ea/1 & possibly sweeps r\nd ! pole itself4 ,x 0 to ! nor? ( ,spitzb]g5 t ,p>ry rea*$ ! latitude ( #hb #de2 & 9 #ahcg ! 8,truelove10 ( ,hull1#bj sail$ ?r\gh a p]fectly op5 sea 9 #hb #cj ,n41 #ae ,e41 &1 _h %e cont9u$ h] c\rse1 might possibly h rea*$ ! pole z easily z ! high latitude :i* %e _h already atta9$4 ,! di/+ui%$ geograph]1 ,dr4 ,augu/us ,pet]mann1 :o w>mly advocates ! r\te betwe5 ,spitzb]g5 & ,gre5l&1 has1 by d9t ( p]sev]ance1 succe$$ 9 collect+ among 8 c\ntrym5 ! necess>y funds = a reconnoitr+ voyage 9 ?is direction4 ,?anks to 8 ex]tions1 ,may #bd1 #ahfh1 witness$ ! dep>ture ( a small %ip ( eighty tons1 ! 8,g]mania10 ,capta9 ,koldewey1 f ! port ( ,b]g51 = ,%annon ,isl& 7#ge #ad ,n4 lat471 ! highe/ po9t on ! ea/ coa/ ( ,gre5l& atta9$ by ,sab9e 9 #ahbc4 ,"h ! attempt to explore ! unkn[n ,arctic seas beyond 0 to beg92 b1 meet+ ) enorm\s masses ( drift-ice on h] repeat$ endeavors to p5etrate to ! nor?-ea/1 ! 8,g]mania0 has be5 oblig$ to return1 aft] rea*+ ! high latitude ( #ha #e1 & accurately survey+ a small "p ( ! ,gre5l& coa/ hi!rto b imp]fectly explor$4 ,an exp$ition on a m ext5sive scale is to r5ew ! attempt 9 #ahfi4 ,a ?ird r\te to ! pole is no less /r5u\sly recomm5d$ by ,m4 ,gu/ave ,lamb]t1 a ,fr5* hydrograph]1 :o1 hav+ sail$ ?r\gh ,b]+'s ,/rait 9 a :al] 9 #ahfe1 is p]suad$ t ?is is ! "r way to rea* ! problematical op5 ,nor? ,sea1 :i*1 once atta9$1 promises a free passage to ! navigator4 ,lib]al subscriptions h be5 rais$ 9 ,p>is = ! accompli%m5t ( 8 plan1 & an exp$ition "u 8 comm& w mo/ probably set out 9 #ahfi4 ,?us1 aft] s _m illu/ri\s navigators h va9ly endeavor$ to rea* ! pole1 sangu9e projectors are /ill z eag] z ev] to atta9 ! goal2 nor is x probable t man w ev] re/ 9 8 ef=ts until e atta9able region ( ! ,arctic ,ocean %all h be5 fully explor$4 ,,*apt] ,,xxxv4 ,,newf\ndl&4 ,its desolate ,aspect4--,=e/s4--,m>%es4--,b>r5s4--,pon ds4-- ,fur-be>+ ,animals4--,sev]ity ( ,climate4--,/4 ,john's4-- ,discov]y ( ,newf\ndl& by ! ,sc&9avians4--,sir ,humphrey ,gilb]t4--,rivalry ( ! ,engli% & ,fr5*4--,importance ( ! ,fi%]ies4--,! ,banks ( ,newf\ndl&4--,mode ( ,fi%+4-- ,?roat]s1 ,head]s1 ,splitt]s1 ,salt]s1 & ,pack]s4--,fogs & ,/orms4--,seal-cat*+4 ,g5]ally veil$ ) mi/s1 ,newf\ndl& appe>s at fir/ sight gloomy & repulsive4 ,abrupt cliffs1 %[+ "h & !re traces ( a scanty vegetation1 rise /eep & b>e f ! sea1 & = miles & miles ! eye sees no?+ b br[n hills or high] m\nta9s1 desolate & wild z !y appe>$ 9 ! elev5? c5tury to ! bold ,norwegian navigators :o fir/ l&$ on its des]t %ore4 ,! waves ( ! ocean h ev]y:]e corrod$ ! rocky coa/ into fanta/ic p9nacles or excavat$ deep grottoes 9 its flanks4 ,9 "o ( ^! cavities ! action ( ! surge has produc$ a rem>kable ph5om5on1 kn[n "u ! "n ( 8,! ,sp\t40 ,9 /ormy wea!r ! waves p5etrate into ! holl[ & =ce _! way ) a dreadful noise f an ap]ture 9 ! rock z a gigantic f\nta9 visible at a di/ance ( sev]al miles4#ba ,! int]ior ( ! c\ntry corresponds ) ! =bidd+ appe>ance ( ! coa/s1 & (f]s no?+ b a succession ( =e/s1 m>%es1 & b>r5s4 ,! =e/s1 if !y may ?us be call$1 g5]ally gr[ on ! declivities ( ! hills or on ! sides ( ! valleys1 :]e ! sup]flu\s wat]s f9d a natural dra94 ,! trees consi/ = ! mo/ "p ( fir1 spruce1 bir*1 p9e1 & junip] or l>*2 & 9 c]ta9 di/ricts ! wy*-hazel1 ! m\nta9-a%1 ! eld]1 ! asp51 & "s o!rs are f\nd4 ,! "* ( ! timb] v>ies greatly accord+ to ! nature ( ! subsoil & ! situation4 ,9 "s p>ts1 m especially :]e ! woods h be5 undi/urb$ by ! axe1 trees ( fair height & gir? may be f\nd2 b mo/ ( ! wood is ( /unt$ gr[?1 consi/+ *iefly ( fir-trees ab\t tw5ty or ?irty feet high1 & n m ?an ?ree or f\r in*es 9 diamet]4 ,^! commonly gr[ s closely toge!r t _! twigs & bran*es int]lace f top to bottom1 :ile among !m may be se5 innum]able old & rott5 /umps & bran*es1 or newly-fall5 trees1 :i*1 ) ! "y %oots & bru%wood1 =m a tangl$ & (t5 imp5etrable ?icket4 ,! trees are (t5 cov]$ ) li*5s1 & tufts ( :ite dry moss are entangl$ ab\t ! bran*es4 ,o!r gre5 & s(t] mosses spread ov] ! gr\nd1 conceal+ alike ! twi/$ roots ( ! /&+ trees & ! po9t$ /umps ( ^? :i* h fall51 ! %>p edges or slipp]y surface ( ! num]\s rocks & b\ld]s1 & ! holes & pitfalls betwe5 !m4 ,e /ep ?r\gh ^! woods is consequ5tly a matt] ( great toil & anxiety4 ,9 ! heat ( summ]1 :ile ! woods are s ?ick z to %ut out e brea? ( air1 !y are at ! same "t too l[ & too ?9ly leav$ at top to exclude ! rays ( ! sun1 ! atmosph]e be+ fur!r r5d]$ close & /ifl+ by ! smell ( ! turp5t9e :i* exudes f ! trees4 ,inclos$ 9 ^! gloomy woods1 l>ge op5 tracts1 call$ m>%es1 are f\nd cov]+ ! valleys & l[] l&s1 & frequ5tly also at a consid]able height above ! sea on ! undulat+ backs ( ! m\nta9s4 ,^! tracts are cov]$ to a dep? sometimes ( sev]al feet ) a gre51 s(t1 & spongy moss1 b\nd toge!r by /raggl+ grass & v>i\s m>%-plants4 ,! surface ab\nds 9 hillocks & holes1 ! tops ( ! hillocks hav+ (t5 dry crisp moss l t on ! trees4 ,a b\ld] or small crag ( rock occasionally protrudes1 cov]$ ) r$ or :ite li*5s1 & "h & !re is a bank on :i* ! moss has become dry & yell[4 ,! contra/ ( ^! colors ) ! d>k velvety gre5 ( ! wet moss frequ5tly gives a peculi>ly ri* appe>ance to ! m>%es1 s t :5 se5 f a little di/ance !y might easily be mi/ak5 = luxuriant mead[-gr\nds1 b a clos] inspection soon de/roys ! illusion1 & %[s1 in/ead ( nutriti\s grass & aromatic fl[]s1 no?+ b a c>pet ( useless cryptogamic plants4 ,except 9 long-cont9u$ dr\ghts or h>d fro/s1 ^! m>%es are s wet z to be unable to be> ! weight ( a p]son walk+ ov] !m4 ,a m>* ( ?ree miles1 s9k+ at e /ep into ! moss1 sometimes knee-deep1 & always z f> z ! ankle1 is1 x may well be suppos$1 toilsome & fatigu+1 especially :51 z mu/ always be ! case 9 attempt+ to p5etrate ! c\ntry1 a heavy load is c>ri$ on ! %\ld]s4 ,?is ?ick coat+ ( moss is precisely l a great sponge spread ov] ! c\ntry1 & becomes at ! melt+ ( ! sn[ 9 ! spr+ ?or\ghly saturat$ ) wat]1 :i* x long reta9s1 & :i* e %[] ( ra9 cont9ually r5ews4 ,! 8b>r5s0 ( ,newf\ndl& are ^? di/ricts :i* occupy ! summits ( ! hills & ridges1 & o!r elevat$ & expos$ tracts4 ,!y are cov]$ ) a ?9 & scrubby vegetation1 consi/+ ( b]ry-be>+ plants & dw>f bu%es ( v>i\s species1 resembl+ ! moorl&s ( ! nor? ( ,engl&1 & diff]+ only 9 ! k9d ( vegetation & its scanti] quantity4 ,b>e pat*es ( gravel & b\ld]s & crumbl+ fragm5ts ( rock are frequ5tly met ) ^u ! b>r5s1 & !y are g5]ally altoge!r de/itute ( vegetable soil4 ,b only on ! b>r5s is x possible to explore ! int]ior ( ! c\ntry ) any k9d ( ease or exp$ition4 ,^! diff]5t tracts are none ( !m ( any great ext5t2 woods1 m>%es1 & b>r5s frequ5tly alt]nat+ ) ea* o!r 9 ! c\rse ( a day's j\rney4 ,ano!r rem>kable feature ( ,newf\ndl& is ! almo/ incr$ible numb] ( lakes ( all sizes1 all ( :i* are indiscrim9ately call$ ponds4 ,!y are scatt]$ ov] ! :ole c\ntry1 n only 9 ! valleys b on ! high] l&s2 & ev5 9 ! holl[s ( ! summits ( ! ridges & ! v tops ( ! hills4 ,!y v>y 9 size f pools ( fifty y>ds 9 diamet] to lakes upw>d ( ?irty miles long & f\r or five miles across4 ,! numb] ( ^? :i* exce$ a c\ple ( miles 9 ext5t mu/ on ! :ole am\nt to sev]al hundr$s1 :ile ^? ( a small] size are absolutely c\ntless4 ,x is suppos$ t a full ?ird ( ! surface ( ! isl& is cov]$ by fre% wat]1 & ?is reckon+ is r bel[ ?an above ! m>k4 ,9 a c\ntry s abundantly provid$ ) lakes or ponds1 x seems /range to f9d no navigable riv]s4 ,! undulat+ surface ( ! l&1 ) its abrupt hills & deep gullies1 is1 )\t all d\bt1 "o cause ( ?is abs5ce ( l>g] /reams4 ,ea* pond or small set ( ponds communicates ) a valley ( its own1 d[n :i* x s5ds an insignificant brook1 :i* takes ! ne>e/ c\rse to ! sea4 ,! *ief cause1 h[ev]1 bo? ( ! va/ abundance ( ponds & ! comp>ative scant9ess ( ! brooks1 is to be f\nd 9 ! great coat+ ( moss :i* spreads ov] ! c\ntry1 & reta9s ! wat] l a sponge1 all[+ x to dra9 (f b sl[ly & gradually4 ,! wilds ( ,newf\ndl& are t5ant$ by num]\s fur-be>+ animals1 af=d+ a great s\rce ( ga9 to "s ( ! fi%]m51 :o 9 w9t] turn furri]s4 ,arctic foxes are "h 9 all _! v>iety4 ,beav]s1 once ne>ly extirpat$1 b n[ unmole/$ ow+ to ! l[ value ( _! fur1 are increas+ 9 numb]s4 ,br[n be>s are pretty num]\s1 & ,pol> be>s sometimes f9d _! way to ! nor!rn promontory ( ! isl& ^u ! ice :i* comes drift+ d[n 9 spr+ f ,davis's ,/raits4 ,by way ( contra/1 9 hot summ]s ! tropical humm+-bird has be5 kn[n to visit ! s\!rn %ores ( ,newf\ndl&4 ,re9de] are abundant1 b un=tunately _! enemies ! wolves h likewise increas$ 9 numb]1 s9ce ! rew>d giv5 by ! ,colonial ,gov]nm5t = _! de/ruction has ceas$ to be paid4 ,al?\gh 9 ! same latitude z ,c5tral ,france & ! s\? ( ,g]many1 ,newf\ndl& has a long & sev]e w9t]1 ow+ to ! two va/ /reams ( ,arctic wat]1 ! ,davis's ,/raits & ,ea/ ,gre5l& curr5ts1 :i* comb9e & run by its %ores2 & ! summ]1 ?\gh sometimes int5sely hot1 is s %ort & s frequ5tly obscur$ by fogs t1 ev5 7 ! soil less /]ile1 agriculture mu/ necess>ily be conf9$ to n>r[ limits4 ,! little :eat & b>ley1 cultivat$ on ! inside l&s f> above ! sea-%ore1 is (t5 cut gre51 & c>rots1 turnips1 potatoes1 & cabbages are ne>ly all ! escul5t vegetables :i* ! l& has be5 prov$ capable ( produc+4 ,h5ce we c n wond] t ! :ole isl&1 :i* is consid]ably l>g] ?an ,scotl&1 has only ab\t #ij1jjj inhabitants1 & ev5 ^! w\ld h _h no inducem5t to settle on s unpromis+ a soil if ! ri*es ( ! sea did n amply comp5sate = ! defici5cies ( ! l&4 ,fi% is ! /aple produce ( ,newf\ndl&1 & ! bulk ( its population consi/s ( poor fi%]m51 :o h e/abli%$ !mselves along ! deep bays by :i* ! coa/ is ind5t$1 & cat* ne> ! coa/ va/ quantities ( cod1 :i* !y br+ 9 & cure at _! leisure1 9 ord] to h x ready = ! %ips :5 !y arrive4 ,) ! out] _w !y h little communication1 & a visit to ,/4 ,john's1 ! capital ( ! isl&1 =ms an epo* 9 _! solit>y lives4 ,?is t[n lies at ! head ( a wide & secure bay1 & consi/s ( a ma9 /reet front+ ! wat]1 f :i* n>r[1 dirty lanes & alleys bran* out t[>ds ! l&4 ,! d+y1 unpa9t$ h\ses are built ( wood1 ! ,gov]nm5t edifices only be+ con/ruct$ ( brick or /one4 ,! long r[s ( fi%-/ages along ! %ore attract ! /rang]'s att5tion1 b he is /ill m a/oni%$ at ! c\ntless g9 & be] %ops1 :i* at once tell him he is 9 a place :]e ?ir/y sailors & fi%]m5 =m ! mass ( ! population4 ,9 ! w9t] ,/4 ,john's is comp>atively des]t$1 z x !n has no m ?an ab\t #aj1jjj inhabitants1 b _! numb] is d\bl$ or trebl$ dur+ ! fi%+-season4 ,! isl& ( ,newf\ndl&1 fir/ se5 & visit$ 9 ! elev5? c5tury by ! ,norse coloni/s ( ,gre5l&1 & !n utt]ly =gott51 0 r$iscov]$ 9 #adig or #adih by ,john & ,seba/ian ,cabot4 ,! ri*ness ( its cod-fi%]ies soon attract$ att5tion1 & fi%]m5 f ,spa91 ,france1 ,portugal1 & ,engl& annually visit$ its banks4 ,! be/ h>bors along ! coa/ 7 occupi$ by ! fir/ com]s 9 spr+--a circum/ance :i* gave rise to frequ5t qu>rels4 ,to obviate ?is lawless /ate ( affairs1 ,sir ,humphrey ,gilb]t 0 s5t out by ,que5 ,elizabe? 9 #aehc to take possession ( ! l&4 ,he divid$ ! coa/ ab\t ,/4 ,john's into di/ricts1 & ! ,briti% settl]s will+ly agre$ to pay a tax to ,gov]nm5t 9 ! expectation ( see+ _! int]e/s bett] protect$4 ,! new arrangem5t _h a b5eficial effect on ! trade ( ,newf\ndl&1 = 9 #afae m ?an #bej ,engli% vessels visit$ ,/4 ,john's1 & gradually ! :ole ( ! ea/]n coa/ ( ! isl& 0 occupi$ by ,engli% fi%]m54 ,! ,fr5* on _! "p coloniz$ ! nor? & s\? sides ( ! isl&1 & f\nd$ ! t[n ( ,plac5tia1 once a v consid]able place1 b n[ r$uc$ to insignificance4 ,! rivalry ( ! ,fr5* 0 naturally a great s\rce ( jeal\sy to a nation ill-accu/om$ to brook any =eign intrusion into its comm]cial int]e/s4 ,?us1 aft] ! w> ( ! ,spani% succession1 ,great ,brita9 dem&$ & obta9$ by ! ,treaty ( ,utre*t ! sole possession ( ,newf\ndl&2 & ,l\is ,,xiv41 anxi\s = peace on any t]ms1 will+ly acc$$ to ?is sacrifice1 m]ely res]v+ = 8 subjects ! "r to dry on ! %ores ( ! isl& ! fi% !y _h caught on ! banks4 ,by ! subsequ5t treaties ( ,p>is ! ,fr5* 7 re/rict$ to ! small isl&s ( ,/4 ,pi]re & ,miquelon1 b n all[$ to erect =tifications ( any k9d4 ,besides ! ,engli% & ! ,fr5*1 ! ,am]icans also h ! "r to fi% on ! banks ( ,newf\ndl&2 = :5 ,engl& ackn[l$g$ ! indep5d5ce ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 a =mal article ( ! treaty ( peace secur$ to ! latt] ! fi%+ privileges :i* !y _h previ\sly enjoy$ z colonies4 ,! value ( ! dry codfi% alone export$ e ye> f ,newf\ndl& is on an av]age ab\t #djj1jjj1 :ile ! total value ( ! export$ productions 9 fi%1 oil1 & sk9s is upw>d ( #gjj1jjj4 ,?is1 f a population ( #hj1jjj or #ij1jjj1 proves t ! p ( ! isl& ought to be happy & prosp]\s2 b un=tunately a sy/em ( cr$it r5d]s ! bulk ( ! fi%]m5 entirely dep5d5t on ! m]*ants1 & want ( education is a fur!r s\rce ( evil4 ,?\gh va/ quantities ( cod are tak5 along ! %ores ( ,newf\ndl&1 yet ! mo/ important fi%]y is c>ri$ on on ! banks at "s di/ance f ! isl&4 ,! ,great ,bank lies tw5ty leagues f ! ne>e/ po9t ( l& f latitude #da to #di1 & ext5ds #cjj miles 9 l5g? & #ge 9 bread?4 ,to ! ea/ ( ?is lies ! ,false ,bank2 ! next is /yl$ ! ,gre5 ,bank1 ab\t #bdj miles long & #abj broad2 !n ,banqu]o1 ab\t ! same size1 ) sev]al o!r %oals ( less note1 all ab\nd+ ) fi%1 b *iefly ) cod1 ! great magnet :i* sets :ole fleets 9 motion4 ,9 w9t] ! cod retire to ! deep] wat]s1 b !y re-appe> 9 ,m>* & ,april1 :5 _! pursu]s ha/5 to ! spot1 n only f ! bays & coves ( ,newf\ndl&1 b f ,great ,brita91 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 & ,france4 ,:ile fi%+1 ea* man has a space ?ree feet & a half wide allott$ to him on deck1 s z n to int]f]e ) 8 neighbor4 ,! l9es are f ?irty to =ty fa?oms long--= ! cod g5]ally swims at t dep?4 ,! *ief baits us$ are ! squid1 a species ( cuttle-fi%1 & ! capel91 a small salmon ab\nd+ on ! ,nor? ,am]ican coa/s4 ,! h]r+ & ! launce1 & a %ell-fi% call$ clam1 :i* is f\nd 9 ! belly ( ! cod1 are likewise us$4 ,9 spr+ p>ticul>ly ! cod ru%es s eag]ly ^u ! bait1 t 9 ! c\rse ( a s+le day a good fi%]man is able to haul up f\r hundr$1 "o aft] ano!r4 ,?is is no easy task1 consid]+ ! size ( ! fi%1 :i* on an av]age weighs f\rte5 p\nds1 b has be5 tak5 f\r feet ?ree in*es long1 & =ty-six p\nds 9 weight4 ,:5 a l>ge fi%1 too heavy = ! l9e1 has be5 caught1 ! fi%]man calls on 8 neighbor1 :o /rikes a hook atta*$ to a long pole into ! fi%1 & !n safely hauls x on bo>d4 ,m9dful ( ! prov]b :i* recomm5ds u all to /rike :ile ! iron is hot1 ! fi%]m5 cont9ue to cat* cod = h\rs1 until s _m are heap$ on ! deck t to make room x becomes necess>y to 8dress !m d[n40 ,?is is done on long planks made to re/ ) bo? ends on two casks1 & ?us =m+ a n>r[ table4 ,fir/1 ea* man cuts out ! tongues ( ! fi% he has caught1 z 8 wages are reckon$ by _! numb]1 & !n ! :ole crew divide !mselves into ?roat]s1 head]s1 splitt]s1 salt]s1 & pack]s4 ,! ?roat] beg9s ! op]ation ( 8dress+0 by draw+ 8 knife across ! ?roat ( ! cod to ! bone & ripp+ op5 ! b[els4 ,he !n passes x to ! head]1 :o ) a /rong wr5* pulls (f ! head & te>s out ! entrails1 :i* he ca/s ov]bo>d1 pass+ ! fi% at ! same "t to ! splitt]1 :o ) "o cut lays x op5 f head to tail1 & almo/ 9 ! tw9kl+ ( an eye ) ano!r cut takes out ! backbone4 ,aft] sep>at+ ! s\nds1 :i* are plac$ ) ! tongues & pack$ 9 b>rels z a delicacy1 ! backbone foll[s ! entrails ov]bo>d1 :ile ! fi% at ! same mom5t is pass$ ) ! o!r h& to ! salt]4 ,su* is ! amaz+ quickness ( ! op]ations ( head+ & splitt+1 t a good workman w (t5 decapitate & take out ! entrails & backbone ( six fi% 9 a m9ute4 ,e fi%]man is suppos$ to "k some?+ ( ea* ( ^! op]ations1 & no rivals at cricket ev] ent]$ ) m ardor into _! "w ?an d "s a?letic *ampions = ! palm ( 8dress+ d[n0 aft] a 8day's cat*40 ,g5]ally ! fog is s d5se t "o %ip does n see ! o!r1 al?\gh bo? may be s ne> t ! crews di/9ctly he> ea* o!r's voices4 ,frequ5tly "o is h>dly able to see to ! di/ance ( a few feet1 & ! l>ge drops ( ! cond5s$ mi/ fall l ra9 f ! y>ds4 ,dur+ calm wea!r ! aspect ( ! sea is s dismal t x requires all ! buoyant spirits ( a seaman to resi/ its depress+ influ5ce4 ,= days ! calm rema9s unbrok51 & no s\nd is he>d b t ( a fi% d>t+ out ( ! wat]1 or ! scree* ( a sea-bird flitt+ ov] ! sea4 ,b sometimes a /orm breaks ?is awful sil5ce ( nature4 ,at su* times ! fi%+-%ips1 hidd5 9 mi/s1 run ! greate/ dang] ( /rik+ aga9/ ea* o!r1 al?\gh signal-lant]ns & al>m-trumpets are us$ to give w>n+4 ,a trem5d\s wave bur/+ on ! deck (t5 /rikes !m ) su* =ce z to s9k !m or da% !m to pieces aga9/ ! rocky coa/4 ,?us _m a wid[ & orphan has a m\rnful tale to relate ( ! dang]s ( ! cod-fi%]y on ! banks ( ,newf\ndl&4 ,9 "s p>ts ( ! coa/ :]e ! wat] is suffici5tly %all[ ! codfi% are n[ caught 9 sieves or nets4 ,?is op]ation requires m capital to comm5ce ) ?an ! m]e boat & hooks & l9es ( ! common fi%]m51 &1 l all improvem5ts1 met at fir/ ) mu* opposition1 on ! plea t x mu/ int]f]e ) ! int]e/s ( ! poor] class4 ,x is obvi\s1 h[ev]1 t ! use ( ! net is advantage\s to ! trade at l>ge1 = %oals1 or1 z !y are t]m$1 8s*ools10 ( fi% may sometimes be se5 sweep+ along %ore1 :i* b = ! net w\ld escape altoge!r4 ,besides1 !re seems su* an incalculable abundance ( ! fi% t !re w always be en\gh to hook1 en\gh to jig1 en\gh to net1 & m ?an en\gh to g away4 8,"o calm ,july ev5+10 says ,mr4 ,jukes1#bb 8,i 0 9 a boat j outside ,/4 ,john's h>bor1 :5 ! sea 0 pretty /ill1 & ! fi% 7 #8brea*+1' z x is t]m$4 ,= sev]al miles ar\nd u ! calm sea 0 alive ) fi%4 ,!y 7 sport+ on ! surface ( ! wat]1 flirt+ _! tails occasionally into ! air1 & z f> z c\ld be se5 ! wat] 0 rippl$ & brok5 by _! movem5ts4 ,look+ d[n into its cle> dep?s1 codfi% "u codfi% ( all sizes appe>$ swimm+ ab\t z if 9 sport4 ,"s boats 7 fi%+1 b n a bite c\ld !y get1 ! fi% be+ already gorg$ ) food4 ,_h ! gr\nd be5 %all[ en\gh to use nets1 ! h>bor might h be5 fill$ ) fi%40 ,besides ! cod-fi%]y1 seal-cat*+ is also c>ri$ on ) consid]able success on ! ea/]n coa/1 :i* int]cepts _m imm5se fields & isl&s ( ice z !y move s\?w>d 9 ! spr+ f ! ,arctic ,sea4 ,! int]ior p>ts ( ^! drift+ %oals1 ) ! lakes or op5+s int]sp]s$1 rema9 unbrok51 & on !m myriads ( seals maybe f\nd4 ,9 ! mon? ( ,m>* or ,april1 z soon z ! ice-fields desc5d ) ! curr5ts f ,davis's ,/raits1 _m small %ips1 n only f ! h>bors ( ! ea/ coa/ ( ,newf\ndl&1 b ev5 f ! di/ant ,scot* ports1 p>ticul>ly ,ab]de51 put out to sea1 & boldly plunge into all ! op5+s ( ! ice-fields to make w> ^u ! seals4 ,arm$ ) firelocks & heavy bludgeons1 ! crews surprise ! animals on ! ice4 ,9 ?is way ?\s&s are kill$ ye>ly f ! nor?1 b _! numb]s h latt]ly decreas$1 & ! seal-cat*]s pay ! p5alty ( _! he$less & indiscrim9ate slaught]4 ,,*apt] ,,xxxvi4 ,,gre5l&4 ,a my/]i\s ,region4--,anci5t ,sc&9avian ,coloni/s4--,_! ,decl9e & ,fall4--,hans ,eg$e4--,8 ,trials & ,success4-- ,f\ndation ( ,god?aab4--,h]r5hu? ,mission>ies4--,l9d5[4-- ,! ,scoresbys4--,clav]+4--,! ,dani% ,settlem5ts 9 ,gre5l&4--,! ,gre5l& ,esquimaux4--,seal-cat*+4--,! ,:ite ,dolph94--,! ,n>:al4--,%>k-fi%]y4--,fisk]nasset4--,bi rds4-- ,re9de]-hunt+4--,indig5\s ,plants4--,drift-wood4--,m9]al ,k+dom4--,mode ( ,life ( ! ,gre5l& ,esquimaux4--,! ,danes 9 ,gre5l&4--,beautiful ,sc5]y4--,ice ,caves4 ,9 _m respects ,gre5l& is "o ( ! mo/ rem>kable c\ntries ( ! ,arctic zone4 ,! :ole ( ! nor!rn coa/ ( cont95tal ,am]ica f ,cape ,lisburne to ,belle ,isle ,/raits is kn[n2 ! bord]s ( ,sib]ia front+ ! icy ocean h be5 ?or\ghly explor$ by wat] & by l&2 ! di/ance ( ,spitzb]g5 & ,nova ,zembla f ! pole has long s9ce be5 det]m9$2 b h[ f> ,gre5l& may rea* to ! nor? we "k n--?\gh ne>ly a ?\s& ye>s h pass$ s9ce ! ,icel&] ,gnnbjorn 7#igj ,a4,d47 fir/ saw its high m\nta9 coa/1 & 9 spite ( all ! attempts made s9ce t "t to circumnavigate x4 ,! int]ior ( ! isl&--or cont95t z x may p]haps m ju/ly be call$1 = x has a surface ( at lea/ #gej1jjj squ>e miles1 & is probably l>g] ?an ,au/ralia--is also unkn[n2 = ( ?is va/ ext5t ( t]ritory only ! n>r[ %ores ( ! coa/-l9e seem$ to be inhabitable1 or ev5 accessible to man4 ,on p5etrat+ into ! deep] fjords1 all ! valleys are f\nd block$ ) glaci]s1 :i*1 on climb+ ! heights1 are se5 to pass into a monoton\s plateau ( ice1 or nv1 :i* seems to cov] & conceal ! :ole int]ior4 ,?us1 f its physical configuration1 ,gre5l& may well be call$ a my/]i\s region2 &1 /range to say1 ! hi/ory ( ! decl9e & fall ( its fir/ coloni/s is z little kn[n z its geography4 ,we h se5 9 a previ\s *apt] t ,icel&1 s peaceful 9 ! pres5t day1 0 peopl$ 9 ! n9? c5tury ) a highly turbul5t race ( j>ls & vik+s4 ,"o ( ^! wor?ies1 call$ ,erik ,rauda1 or ! ,r$1 hav+ twice dy$ 8 h&s ) blood1 0 bani%$ by ! ,al?+ 7#ihb7 = a t]m ( ye>s1 & resolv$ to pass ! "t ( 8 compulsory abs5ce 9 explor+ ! l& discov]$ by ,gnnbjorn4 ,aft] sp5d+ ?ree ye>s on its we/]n coa/s1 he return$ to ,icel&1 & made s favorable a report ( ! new c\ntry1 :i*--kn[+ ! advantages ( a good "n--he call$ ,gre5l&1 t 9 #ihf he induc$ a l>ge body ( coloni/s to sail ) him & settle !re4 ,o!r emigrants foll[$1 & 9 a few ye>s all ! habitable places ( ,s\!rn ,gre5l& 7 occupi$4 ,! colony1 :i* soon aft] its f\ndation adopt$ ! ,*ri/ian religion1 0 divid$ into two di/ricts1 or 8bygds0 7f ! ,icel&ic 8byggia10 to inhabit71 by an int]v5+ tract ( l& nam$ ,ubygd1 ! 8un9habitable0 or 8un9habit$40 ,! ,we/ ,bygd rea*$ f lat4 #ff d[n to #fb1 & conta9$1 9 its be/ days1 n9ety f>ms & f\r *ur*es4 ,s\? ( x lay ! des]t1 8,ubygd10 ( sev5ty geographical miles1 t]m9at$ by ! ,ea/ ,bygd1 consi/+ ( #aij f>ms1 & hav+ two t[ns1 ,g>d> & ,alba1 "o ca!dral1 & elev5 *ur*es4 ,! :ole population may probably h am\nt$ to #fjjj s\ls4 ,! c\ntry 0 gov]n$ by ,icel&ic laws1 & ! fir/ ( its eighte5 bi%ops1 ,arnold1 0 elect$ 9 #aaba1 ! la/ be+ ,endride ,&reason1 :o 0 consecrat$ 9 #adjf4 ,9 spite ( its pov]ty & di/ance1 ,gre5l& 0 oblig$ to contribute its mite to ! rev5ues ( ! ,papal *air1 = we read 9 ! anci5t annali/s t 9 #acbf its tribute1 consi/+ ( walrus-tee?1 0 sold by ! ,pope's ag5t1 ,b]tram ( ,ortolis1 to a m]*ant ( ,fl&]s = ! sum ( twelve livres & f\rte5 s\s4 ,! "t1 h[ev]1 0 n[ fa/ approa*+ :5 ! ,gre5l& colony 0 n only to cease pay+ ti!s & ,pet]'s p5ce1 b to be swept away4 ,dur+ ! c\rse ( ! f\rte5? c5tury x 0 visit$ by "o mis=tune aft] ano!r4 ,! black dea?1 :i* c>ri$ (f tw5ty-five millions ( ,europeans1 did n sp>e its di/ant fjords 7#acdh-i72 ! ,esquimaux h>ass$ ! survivors ) repeat$ attacks1 kill+ "s1 & c>ry+ away o!rs captive4 ,a ho/ile fleet1 suspect$ to be ,engli%1 laid wa/e ! c\ntry 9 #adah2 &1 f9ally1 ! revolutions & w>s :i* broke out 9 ,sc&9avia aft] ! dea? ( ,que5 ,m>g>et ( ,waldem> caus$ ,gre5l& to be entirely neglect$ & =gott54 ,! la/ coloni/s ei!r retreat$ to ,icel&1 or 7 de/roy$ by ! ,esquimaux1 & _m ye>s elaps$ be=e ,gre5l& 0 aga9 ?\ght ( z a place :]e ,sc&9avians _h once be5 liv+4 ,at l5g? ,k+ ,fr$]ick ,,ii4 ( ,d5m>k s5t out ,mog5s ,he9eson1 a fam\s 8sea-cock10 z ! *ronicl]s /yle him1 to ! s\?-ea/]n coa/ ( ,gre5l& 7#aeha71 to see if m5 ( a ,norse orig9 /ill dwelt along ^? ice-b\nd fjords4 ,he9eson rea*$ ! coa/1 b ! great transp>5cy ( ! air1 :i* 9 ! ,pol> regions frequ5tly causes /range optical delusions1 l$ him into a s+ul> error4 ,aft] hav+ sail$ = _m h\rs 9 ! same direction1 & /ill see+ ! m\nta9s :i* seem$ q ne> rec$e z he advanc$1 he fanci$ himself fett]$ by an invisible p[]1 & ?us ! fam\s 8sea-cock0 return$ home ) ! report t1 deta9$ by a magnetic rock1 he _h n be5 able to rea* ! l&4 ,9 #afje ,k+ ,*ri/ian ,,iv4 ( ,d5m>k s5t out a new ,gre5l& exp$ition1 consi/+ ( ?ree %ips1 "u ! comm& ( ,godske ,l9d5[1 & ! guidance ( ,james ,hall1 an ,engli% pilot4 ,?is "t no magnetic rocks int]v5$2 b ! %ips hav+ sep>at$1 ,hall l&$ on ! we/ coa/1 :i* _h already be5 r$iscov]$ & visit$ by ,davis1 ,hudson1 ,baff91 & o!r ,arctic navigators2 :ile ,l9d5[1 an*or+ (f ,cape ,f>ewell1 kidnapp$ two ,esquimaux1 :o aft]w>ds di$ ( no/algia 9 ,d5m>k4 ,b nei!r ,l9d5[1 :o ! ye> aft] aga9 made 8 appe>ance on ! we/]n coa/ ( ,gre5l&1 nor two lat] exp$itions "u ,c>/5 ,ri*>dson & ,dannell1 7 able to effect a l&+ on any "p ( ! ea/]n coa/4 ,x 0 9 sight1 b ! drift-ice made x inaccessible4 ,!y 7 equally unsuccessful 9 f9d+ any traces ( ! lo/ colony1 :i* came at l5g? to be reg>d$ z a m]e ,sc&9avian my?4 ,b :ile no "o else c>$ ab\t its exi/5ce1 ! ard5t ,hans ,eg$e 7born 9 ,norway1 ,janu>y #ca1 #afhf71 pa/or ( ,vaage1 9 ! ,l(ot5 ,isl&s1 /ill cont9u$ to *]i% its memory4 ,he _h read 9 ! anci5t *ronicles ab\t ! old ,*ri/ian communities 9 ,gre5l&1 & c\ld n believe 9 _! total ext9ction4 ,he felt ! deepe/ conc]n 9 ! fate ( _! desc5dants1 & ! ?\ght t aft] s long a sep>ation f ! "m-c\ntry !y mu/ ne$s be plung$ 9 b>b>ism & hea!n d>kness1 left him no re/ by night or day4 ,at l5g? he resolv$ to devote 8 life to _! spiritual welf>e1 & to become ! apo/le ( r$iscov]$ or reg5]at$ ,gre5l&4 ,8 zeal & p]sev]ance ov]came a ?\s& difficulties4 ,nei!r ! public ridicule1 nor ! coldness ( ! au?orities to :om he va9ly appli$ = assi/ance1 nor ! exhortations ( 8 fri5ds1 c\ld damp 8 ardor4 ,at l5g?1 aft] ye>s ( fruitless endeavors1 aft] hav+ giv5 up 8 liv+ & sacrific$ 8 little =tune 9 ! prosecution ( 8 plans1 he succe$$ 9 =m+ a ,gre5l& ,company1 ) a capital ( #ijjj doll>s1 & 9 obta9+ an annual /ip5d f ! ,dani% ,mission>y ,fund ( #cjj doll>s1 to :i* ,k+ ,fr$]ic ,,iv4 add$ a gift ( #bjj doll>s4 ,) ?ree %ips1 ! l>ge/ ( :i* 8,! ,hope10 _h =ty coloni/s on bo>d1 ,eg$e1 accompani$ by 8 wife & f\r *ildr51 set sail f ! port ( ,b]g5 on ,may #ab1 #agba1 & rea*$ ,gre5l& on ,july #c1 aft] a long & t$i\s passage4 ,! w9ds _h driv5 him to ! we/]n coa/1 9 latitude #fd1 & "h he resolv$ at once to beg9 8 evangelical labors ) ! ,esquimaux4 ,a wood5 *apel 0 spe$ily erect$1 :i* =m$ ! fir/ nucleus ( ! /ill exi/+ settlem5t ( ,god?aab4 ,b if ! life ( wor?y ,eg$e _h = _m a ye> be5 full ( tr\ble be=e he w5t to ,gre5l&1 trials /ill m sev]e await$ him dur+ 8 apo/olical c>e]4 ,he _h n m]ely ! suspicions ( ! ,esquimaux1 ! enmity ( _! m$ic9e-m51 ! sev]ity ( ! climate1 & n seldom ev5 fam9e to cont5d )4 ,8 own c\ntrym51 disappo9t$ 9 _! hopes ( c>ry+ on a lucrative trade ) ! ,gre5l&]s1 resolv$ to ab&on x altoge!r1 &1 aft] t5 labori\s ye>s1 ! ,gov]nm5t n only )drew all fur!r assi/ance f ! mission1 b ev5 ord]$ ! colony to be brok5 up4 ,all 8 companions1 ) ! exception ( a few volunte]s :o engag$ to %>e 8 =tunes1 n[ return$ to ,d5m>k2 b ,eg$e1 ?\gh 8 heal? _h be5 s %att]$ by almo/ sup]human ex]tions t he _h long s9ce be5 oblig$ to leave all active duties to 8 son1 resolv$1 l a fai?ful soldi]1 to die at 8 po/4 ,9 #agcc 8 p]sev]ance 0 at l5g? rew>d$ by ! grateful news t ! k+1 at ! entreaty ( ,c\nt ,z9z5dorf1 ! f\nd] ( ,h]r5hu?1 _h cons5t$ to be/[ an annual grant ( #bjjj doll>s on ! ,gre5l& mission1 & t ?ree ,moravian bro!rs _h arriv$ to assi/ him 9 8 "w4 ,?us he c\ld at l5g? 7#agce7 return ) a quiet he>t to 8 native c\ntry1 :]e he di$1 univ]sally regrett$1 9 #ageh1 at ! age ( sev5ty-two4 ,x may easily be suppos$ t1 dur+ 8 long /ay 9 ,gre5l&1 he anxi\sly s\ght ! traces ( 8 lo/ c\ntrym51 = ! desire to help !m _h fir/ l$ him to t ,arctic c\ntry4 ,no?+ 9 ! physiognomy ( ! ,esquimaux or 9 _! language po9t$ 9 any way to a ,european orig91 & ev5 _! traditions said n a ^w ( ! old ,norse settl]s :o _h once inhabit$ ! l&4 ,! ru9s ( "s *ur*es1 & o!r build+s scatt]$ "h & !re along ! we/ coa/1 alone atte/$ _! exi/5ce1 & =m$ a l9k betwe5 ! pa/ & ! pres5t4 ,?us if ,gre5l& /ill _h inhabitants ( ,sc&9avian orig91 !y mu/ necess>ily be conf9$ to ! ea/]n coa/ beyond ,cape ,f>ewell4 ,b ,eg$e 0 z little able z 8 pr$ecessors to p5etrate ?r\gh ! ice-belt :i*1 bo? by l& & sea1 completely sep>at$ x f ! re/ ( ! _w4 ,= _m ye>s aft] 8 dea? x rema9$ unkn[n & inaccessible2 & ,lw5orn1 :o 0 s5t out 9 #aghf-hg to r5ew ! attempts ( ,he9eson & ,l9d5[1 _h no bett] success4 ,no d\bt _m a :al] may h admir$ its di/ant m\nta9 peaks gl[+ 9 ! ev5+ sun1 or may h be5 driv5 by ! /orm aga9/ its %ores1 b ! ,scoresbys 7 ! fir/ to det]m9e accurately ! position ( "p ( its well-f5c$ coa/4 ,9 ! ye> #ahag1 ,capta9 ,scoresby ! eld]1 deviat+ f ! usual c\rse ( ! :al]s1 /e]$ ?r\gh ! we/]n ice1 & rea*$ ! ea/ coa/ ( ,gre5l& beyond #gj4 ,he c\ld easily h l&$2 ! coa/ :i* _h s frequ5tly baffl$ ! attempts ( previ\s navigators lay invit+ly be=e him1 b he c\ld n sacrifice 8 duty z ! comm&] ( a :al] to curiosity or r5[n4 ,& ?us1 )\t hav+ set 8 foot on %ore1 he sail$ back into ! op5 sea4 ,on a lat] visit1 h[ev]1 he l&$ 9 ! s\nd :i* be>s 8 "n4 ,9 ! ye> #ahbb ,scoresby ! y\ng] succe$$ 9 m closely exam9+ ! l&4 ,leav+ ! usual track ( ! :al]s1 he _h /e]$ to ! we/1 & ?read$ 8 way ?r\gh ! drift-ice until1 betwe5 #gj #cc & #ga #ab ,n4 lat41 ! coa/ ( ,gre5l& lay be=e him4 ,no coa/ t he _h ev] se5 be=e _h s maje/ic a "*4 ,! m\nta9s1 on :i* he be/[$ ! "n ( ,roscoe1 consi/$ ( numb]less jagg$ /ones or pyramids1 ris+ 9 individual peaks to a height ( #cjjj feet1 & a *aos ( %>p ne$les cov]$ _! r\gh declivities4 ,on ,july #bd he l&$ on a rocky promontory1 :i* he nam$ ,cape ,li/] 7#gj #cj71 &1 climb+ its summit1 cont9u$ 8 excursion along its back1 :i* 0 betwe5 ?ree & f\r hundr$ feet high4 ,"h & !re betwe5 ! /ones1 :i* 7 ei!r nak$ or ?9ly clo!d ) li*5s1 bloom$ ,&rom$a tetragona1 a ,saxifraga oppositifolia1 a ,papav] nudicanle1 or a ,ranunculus nivalis4 ,at ,cape ,swa9son he aga9 desc5d$ to ! %ore1 :i* "h =m$ a flat /r& ab\t #fjj feet broad4 ,"s des]t$ ,esquimaux huts soon arre/$ 8 att5tion4 ,*>r$ drift-wood & a quantity ( a%es lay scatt]$ ab\t ! he>?s1 & prov$ t ^! dwell+s _h n be5 long =sak54 ,sc>cely a bird 0 to be se5 on l&1 b c\ntless auks & div]s animat$ ! wat]s4 ,a great numb] ( w+$ insects--butt]flies1 bees1 mosquitoes--flew or buzz$ ab\t1 p>ticul>ly on ! hillocks betwe5 ! /ones4 ,on ,july #be he once m l&$ on ,cape ,hope1 :]e he aga9 f\nd traces ( inhabitants4 ,bones ( h>es & fragm5ts ( re9de] horns lay scatt]$ ab\t on ! gr\nd4 ,! skull ( a dog 0 plant$ on a small m\nd ( e>?1 = x is a belief ( ! ,gre5l& ,esquimaux t ! dog1 :o f9ds 8 way ev]y:]e1 mu/ necess>ily be ! be/ guide ( ! innoc5t *ildr5 to ! l& ( s\ls4 ,! heat1 :i* soon put an end to ?is excursion1 0 s great t _m ( ! plants _h %$ _! se$s1 & "s 7 already completely dri$ up & %rivell$4 ,! "p ( ! coa/ ( ,ea/ ,gre5l& discov]$ by ,scoresby1 & t :i* 0 visit$ ! ye> aft] by ,clav]+1 lay1 h[ev]1 too f> to ! nor? to af=d any clue ab\t ! ext9ct ,sc&9avian settlem5ts1 ev5 suppos+ !m1 z 0 !n /ill believ$1 to h be5 p>tly situat$ to ! ea/ ( ,cape ,f>ewell4 ,at l5g? 9 ! ye> #ahbi1 ,capta9 ,graah1 :o _h be5 s5t out by ,k+ ,fr$]ick ,,vi4 ( ,d5m>k1 succe$$ 9 explor+ ! s\?-ea/]n coa/ ( ,gre5l&1 f its s\!rn extremity to ! latitude ( #fe #ah1 beyond :i* no colony c\ld ev] h exi/$2 & z he n[h]e f\nd ei!r ! mo/ insignificant ru9s or ! lea/ traces ( an anci5t ,*ri/ian settlem5t 9 ! language & cu/oms ( ! natives1 x 0 n[ fully prov$ t ! ea/ bygd ( ! old *ronicl]s 01 9 reality1 situat$ on ! s\?-we/]n coa/ ( ,gre5l&1 9 ! pres5t di/ricts ( ,julian%aab & ,li*t5au1 a coa/ :i*1 9 comp>ison ) ! m nor!rn colonies ( ,fr$]ik%aab & ,fisk]ns1 di/9ctly tr5ds to ! ea/4 ,! pres5t ,dani% settlem5ts1 :i* are conf9$ to ! m %elt]$ fjords ( its we/]n coa/1 are divid$ into a nor? & s\? inspectorate1 ! =m] ext5d+ f lat4 #fg to #gb1 & compris+ ! di/ricts ( ,up]navik1 ,om5ak1 ,jakob%avn1 ,*ri/ian%aab1 ,eg$esm9de1 & ,godhavn1 on ,disco ,isl&2 :ile ! latt] conta9s ! di/ricts ( ,hol/e5sborg1 ,sukk]topp51 ,god?aab1 ,fisk]nasset1 ,fr$]ik%aab1 & ,julian%aab4 ,9 ! ye> #ahee ! population ( ! ,s\? ,inspectorate consi/$ ( #fabh aborig9al ,gre5l&]s1 or ,esquimaux1 & #abj ,europeans2 t ( ! ,nor? ,inspectorate1 ( #ceaf ( ! =m]1 & #abh ( ! latt]2 a v small numb] if we consid] t x is scatt]$ ov] a space ( #ab ( latitude4 ,9 a c\ntry l ?is1 su* t[ns z ,godhavn1 ) #aej inhabitants1 or ,god?aab1 ! mo/ popul\s ( all1 ) #ccj1 pass = consid]able cities4 ,b1 9 spite ( its scanty population1 ,gre5l& is a valuable possession ( ! ,dani% cr[n1 or r ( ! ,dani% company1 :i* entirely monopolizes ! trade1 & manages its affairs s well t ! ,gre5l&] receives = 8 produce only ab\t ! six? "p ( its price at ,cop5hag54 ,accord+ to ! av]age ( six ye>s 7#ahej-ahee71 ! total value ( ! exports f ,gre5l& am\nt$ to #cgh1ehh rix-doll>s2 t ( ! importations f ,d5m>k1 to #afd1bae2 b 9 ! latt] sum 0 includ$ n only ! price paid to ! ,gre5l&]s = _! goods1 b all ! /ores & provisions necess>y = ! ag5ts & s]vants ( ! company1 ! mission>ies1 & ! adm9i/ration ( ! colony4 ,! trifl+ am\nt :i*1 aft] all d$uctions & *>ges1 ! poor ,gre5l&] receives = 8 seal-sk9s or 8 blubb]1 he g5]ally sp5ds 9 tobacco1 c&y-sug>1 c(fee1 & sea-biscuits1 = 8 real wants are amply suppli$ by 8 own c\ntry1 & he has n yet le>n$ to inve/ 8 ga9s m pr(itably4 ,l all o!r ,esquimaux1 he dep5ds *iefly ^u ! sea = 8 subsi/5ce4 ,( ! v>i\s species ( ,phoc f\nd 9 ! ,gre5l& wat]s ! mo/ valuable is ! hispid seal 7,phoca hispida71 bo? f its numb]s & f its frequ5t+ ! fjords dur+ ! :ole ye>2 :ile ! l>g] ,gre5l& seal 7,phoca grnl&ica7 is n /ation>y l ! =m]1 b leaves ! coa/ f ,m>* to ,may1 & f ,july to ,septemb]4 ,! ,cy/ophora cri/ata1 or hood$ seal1 rem>kable = a globul> sac1 capable ( inflation1 on ! head ( ! male1 appe>s 9 ! fjords only f ,april till ,june4 ,x is ! mo/ pugnaci\s ( all ! seals4 ,9 ! s\!rn di/ricts1 :]e ! seal-hunt+ mu/ be *iefly c>ri$ on 9 op5 wat]1 ! ,gre5l&] relies ^u 8 boat1 ! kayak4 ,:5 ! animal is /ruck1 ! b>b$ po9t ( ! h>poon deta*es itself1 by an +5i\s me*anism1 f ! %aft1 :i* o!rwise w\ld be brok5 by its viol5t contortions2 & z ! l9e is atta*$ to a bladd]1 x c easily be recov]$4 ,among ! cetaceans1 ! :ite dolph9 7,delph9opt]us leucas7 & ! n>:al 7,monodon monoc]os7 are ! mo/ valuable to ! ,gre5l&]s ( ! ,nor? ,inspectorate1 f #ejj to #fjj ( ^! huge animals be+ annually caught4 ,! =m] makes its appe>ance a %ort "t aft] ! break+ up ( ! ice1 & aga9 9 autumn2 9 summ] x seeks ! op5 sea4 ,sometimes l>ge h]ds ( ! :ite dolph9s are cut (f f ! sea by ! clos+ 9 ( ! ice 9 ! neighborhood ( ! l&1 s t sev]al hundr$ may be kill$ 9 ! c\rse ( a few days4 ,! n>:al is caught only 9 ! ,om5ak fjord1 :i* x visits regul>ly 9 ,novemb]4 ,z its *ase is bo? difficult & dang]\s1 ! ,gre5l&]s g5]ally hunt x 9 company1 s t aft] a n>:al has be5 /ruck ) ! fir/ h>poon or lance1 o!rs are ready to foll[ up ! advantage4 ,! l>g] :ales are n[ seldom caught1 b ! dead body ( a f9-back is n seldom ca/ a%ore1 & af=ds a ri* h>ve/ to ! neighborhood4 ,sometimes masses ( oil1 evid5tly proce$+ f dead :ales1 are f\nd float+ 9 ! fjords4 ,9 #ahed n9ety-five tons ( ?is matt] 7 collect$ ne> ,hol/e9burg4 ,! fi%es likewise amply contribute to supply ! ,gre5l&]'s wants4 ,! %>k-fi%]y 7,scymnus microcephalus7 is ( consid]able importance4 ,! entrails ( seals & o!r (fal are plac$ 9 ! op5+s ( ! ice to attract ^! %>ks to ! spot1 :]e !y are caught 9 v>i\s ways1 p>ticul>ly by tor*-light1 :i* br+s !m to ! surface4 ,! fi%]m51 wat*+ ! mom5t1 /rike !m ) a %>p hook1 & !n drag !m ^u ! ice4 ,!y are also caught ) /rong iron angles atta*$ to *a9s4 ,!y are captur$ = ! sake ( _! liv]s1 :i* yield a good deal ( oil4 ,x has v rec5tly be5 asc]ta9$ t a valuable sub/ance resembl+ sp]maceti may be express$ f ! c>cass :i* 0 =m]ly wa/$1 & = ?is purpose p[]ful screw presses are n[ employ$4 ,ab\t #cj1jjj ( ^! glutton\s animals are caught e ye>1 & ! fi%]y may be greatly ext5d$1 z ! bottom ( ! ice-fjords absolutely sw>ms ) !m4 ,_! capture is att5d$ ) f> less tr\ble & dang] ?an 9 ,icel&1 :]e !y are pursu$ 9 boats1 & 9 a caprici\s & tempe/u\s sea4 ,improv+ ^u ! old ,esquimaux me?ods ( fi%+ or hunt+1 ! ,dani% resid5ts set nets = ! :ite :ale or ! seal2 = ! =m]1 !y are atta*$ to ! %ore1 & ext5d (f at "r angles1 s z to int]cept !m 9 _! autumnal s\!rn migration1 :5 !y swim close along ! rocks to avoid ! grampus4 ,:5 ! :ite :ale is /opp$ by ! net1 x (t5 appe>s at fir/ to be unconsci\s ( ! fact1 & cont9ues to swim aga9/ x1 & !n all[s ! boat to approa* x f beh9d4 ,if entangl$ 9 ! net1 x is soon dr[n$1 z1 l all ! :ale tribe1 x is oblig$ to come to ! surface to brea!4 ,a l>ge quantity ( cod are caught 9 v>i\s p>ts ( ! ,s\? ,inspectorate1 p>ticul>ly at ,fisk]nasset1 :i*1 be+ less subject to fogs & m expos$ to ! sea-w9d1 (f]s peculi> advantages = ! dry+ ( ! fi%4 ,! capel9 7,mallotus villosus71 :i* 9 ,may & ,june visits ! coa/s ( ,gre5l& 9 great numb]s1 is eat5 bo? fre% or laid ^u ! rocks to dry = ! w9t]4 ,! sea-wolf1 ! lump-fi%1 ! bull-head1 ! ,norway haddock1 ! salmon-tr\t1 are likewise important articles ( food4 ,! halibut gr[s to a huge size1 & a small] species 7,hippoglossus p+uis7 is fi%$ = at ! dep? ( #ahj or ev5 #chj fa?oms4 ,! banks frequ5t$ by ?is fi% are mo/ valuable to ! neighbor+ ,gre5l&]s4 ,_m are no d\bt /ill undiscov]$1 o!rs may be kn[n by ! dead fi% float+ on ! surface1 or by ! seals div+ out ( ! wat] ) a flat fi% 9 _! m\?4 ,long-tail$ crabs are easily caught 9 _m p>ts1 & ! common mussel may be ga!r$ almo/ ev]y:]e at ebb tide4 ,cr[ds ( birds ne/le dur+ ! summ] on ! rocky %ores1 p>ticul>ly at ,up]navik1 :]e ! l>ge/ bre$+-places are f\nd4 ,!y are g5]ally kill$ ) small blunt$ arr[s4 ,9 ! ice-fjord ( ,jacob%avn ! gulls are caught +5i\sly by float+ traps on :i* some?+ brilliant or resembl+ a fi% is fix$4 ,! eggs ( ! sea-birds are ga!r$ 9 va/ numb]s1 & ! fea!rs & sk9s ( ! eid]-duck & auk are bo? export$ & us$ = ! l9+ ( boots4 ,comp>$ ) ! weal? ( ! seas1 ! l& is v poor4 ,! *ase ( ! re9de] is1 h[ev]1 important1 z its sk9 af=ds bo? a w>m] & a s(t] clo?+ ?an t ( ! seal1 & s]ves moreov] z a b$-cov] or a sl$ge-c>pet4 ,re9de]-hunt+ is a favorite summ] occupation ( ! ,gre5l&]s1 :o annually kill f #aj1jjj to #bj1jjj1 & export ab\t "o-half ( ! sk9s4 ,only a few c[s1 %eep1 & goats are kept at ,julian%aab4 ,= want ( hay !y are f$ ) fi% dur+ ! w9t]4 ,9 ,s\? ,gre5l& ! potato is cultivat$ by ! ,european resid5ts z a luxury4 ,! plant nev] fl[]s1 & ev5 buds are r>e4 ,turnips1 cabbages1 salad1 & sp9a* likewise gr[ 9 ,s\? ,gre5l&1 b b>ley s[n 9 ! g>d5s sc>cely ev] comes to e>4 ,9 summ] ! w9d[s ( ! h\ses are gay ) g]aniums & fu*sias & o!r fl[]s ( a m temp]ate zone4 ,among ! indig5\s plants1 ! b]ries ( ! ,empetrum nigrum1 ,vacc9ium ulig9osum1 & ,vacc9ium vitis ida furni% ! ,gre5l&]s ) _! only vegetable food4 ,:ile ! coa/s expos$ to ! bleak sea-w9ds af=d scanty traces ( vegetation1 ! valleys & hill slopes ( ! m %elt]$ fjords are gre5 dur+ ! summ]1 & ju/ify ! "n be/[$ by ,erick on ! l& ( 8 adoption4 ,=e/s are ( c\rse out ( ! "q 9 ,gre5l&1 ?\gh 9 "s places ! bir* atta9s a n inconsid]able size4 ,?us 9 a dell at ! upp] end ( ,li*t5au ,fjord a ?icket ( ^! trees1 fifte5 feet high1 surr\nds a little lake f$ by a wat]fall1 ! l>ge/ hi!rto kn[n 9 ,gre5l&4 ,m g5]ally1 h[ev]1 ! trees1 su* z ! bee*1 ! will[1 ! eld]1 etc41 m]ely creep along ! gr\nd1 :]e ! d5se matt+ ( _! roots & bran*es1 m+l$ ) bu%es ( ! empetrum1 or ) mosses1 li*5s1 & fall5 leaves1 =ms a k9d ( turf :i* is us$ z fuel by ! ,danes4 ,9 "s measure ! sea makes up = ! want ( timb] by ca/+ on ! %ore a quantity ( drift-wood1 ! orig9 ( :i* is /ill a matt] ( d\bt1 "s trac+ x to ! ,nor? ,am]ican riv]s1 o!rs to ^? ( ,sib]ia4 ,x consi/s mo/ly ( ! uproot$ trunks ( conif]\s trees4 ,sometimes also l>ge pieces ( b>k1 su* z ^? ( :i* ! ,indians make _! canoes1 & sewn toge!r ) ?reads ( hair1 & drift$ into ! fjords4 ,! m9]al k+dom1 ?\gh x has )9 ! la/ few ye>s attract$ ! att5tion ( speculators1 w h>dly ev] realize _! hopes4 ,sev]al attempts to "w ! lead & copp] ores at ,nanursoak & 9 ! ,arksak fjord h mis]ably fail$4 ,! co/ ( transport is imm5se1 & ! difficulty ( obta9+ ! necess>y workm5 pres5ts an insup]able ob/acle to all m9+ op]ations 9 ,gre5l&4 ,?\gh ! ,gre5l&]s h n[ be5 = m ?an a c5tury "u ! influ5ce ( ,*ri/ian tea*]s1 yet _! mode ( life is /ill mu* ! same z t ( _! relatives ! wild ,esquimaux on ! opposite cont95t ( ,nor? ,am]ica4 ,l !m1 !y use ! 8kayak10 ! 8oomiak10 & ! sl$ge2 l !m1 !y live 9 small w9t] huts ( /one 7! sn[-h\se is unkn[n to !m7 or 9 summ] t5ts hung ) sk9s1 & !y are equally improvid5t 9 times ( abundance4 ,_! con/ant int]c\rse ) ,europeans has1 h[ev]1 taught !m ! use ( _m luxuries unkn[n to ! wild ,esquimaux1 & !y are n[ great consum]s ( c(fee4 ,!y are fond ( in/ruction1 b ! imm5se space ov] :i* ! population is scatt]$1 & _! vagrant life dur+ a great "p ( ! ye>1 are great h9d]ances to _! improvem5t4 ,!y are also v good-natur$1 & live on ! be/ t]ms ) ! ,danes :o reside among !m4 ,! latt]1 :o1 ) ! exception ( ! ,moravian mission>ies1 are all 9 ! s]vice ( ! ,company1 soon get atta*$ to ! c\ntry1 & leave x ) regret2 sometimes ev5 return+ to close _! days 9 ,gre5l&4 ,! climate1 ?\gh sev]e1 is v heal?y1 & ! lov] ( sport f9ds ample opportunities = gratify+ 8 favorite passion4 ,9 ,septemb]1 or at ! beg9n+ ( ,octob]1 ! la/ %ips leave = ,europe2 & !n1 till ! next ,april or ,may--:5 ! fir/ ,engli% :al]s appe> 9 ! ports ( ,godhavn or ,up]navik--all communication ) ! civiliz$ _w is totally cut (f4 ,t[>ds ! end ( ,janu>y or ! beg9n+ ( ,febru>y1 :5 ! days beg9 rapidly to l5g!n1 frequ5t sl$ge-p>ties keep up a con/ant int]*ange ( visits betwe5 ! v>i\s settlem5ts4 ,?is mode ( travell+ ov] ! lakes & inclos$ fjords is v agreeable 9 ,may1 z !n ! sun is pleasantly w>m at noon2 & ?\gh he h>dly disappe>s bel[ ! horizon1 ! nights are suffici5tly cold to conv]t ! melt$ sn[ into ice h>d en\gh to be> ! weight ( a sl$ge4 ,?is is ! be/ "t = visit+ _m int]e/+ spots inaccessible at o!r seasons ( ! ye>1 & = enjoy+ _m a sc5e unsurpass$ 9 ,switz]l& itself4 ,"h1 z on ! ,alps1 ! glaci] & ! sn[-clad peak appe> 9 all _! gr&eur2 "h also1 9 ! valleys1 ! summ] brooks fl[ betwe5 well-clo!d banks1 & ! ,helvetian lakes are wor?ily rivall$ by ! magnific5t fjords ( ,gre5l&4 ,9 _m p>ts1 ! waves1 beat+ aga9/ ! /eep coa/s ( ! isl&s & fjords1 r5d] access difficult1 if n impossible dur+ ! summ]1 b 9 w9t] or spr+ !y may easily be visit$ across ! ice4 ,! surf has worn _m caves 9 ^! precipit\s rock-walls1 :i* are no less rem>kable = _! picturesque basaltic =ms ?an = ! huge masses ( ice on _! sides1 :i*1 9 _! t9ts & gr\p+1 f> surpass ! /alactites ( ! mo/ r5[n$ ,european grottoes4 ,,*apt] ,,xxxvii4 ,,! ,,ant>ctic ,,ocean4 ,comp>ative ,view ( ! ,ant>ctic & ,arctic ,regions4--,inf]iority ( ,climate ( ! =m]4--,its ,causes4--,! ,new ,%etl& ,isl&s4--,s\? ,georgia4--,! ,p]uvian ,/ream4--,sea-birds4-- ,! ,giant ,petrel4--,! ,albatross4--,! ,p5gu94--,! ,au/ral ,:ale4--,! ,hun*back4--,! ,f9-back4--,! ,grampus4--,battle ) a ,:ale4--,! ,sea-elephant4--,! ,s\!rn ,sea-be>4--,! ,sea-leop>d4--,ant>ctic ,fi%es4 ,! ,ant>ctic regions are f> m desolate & b>r5 ?an ! ,arctic4 ,"h we h no en]getic hunt]s1 l ! ,esquimaux1 *as+ ! seal or ! walrus2 no h]dsm5 foll[+1 l ! ,samoedes or ! ,lapps1 _! re9de] to ! br9k ( ! icy ocean2 b all is "o dre>y1 un9habitable wa/e4 ,:ile )9 ! ,arctic ,circle ! musk-ox enjoys an abundance ( food1 & ! lemm+ is /ill f\nd ?riv+ on ! bleake/ isl&s1 n a s+le l& quadrup$ exi/s beyond #ef ( s\!rn latitude4 ,summ] fl[]s gladd5 ! sight ( ! ,arctic navigator 9 ! mo/ nor!rn l&s yet rea*$2 b no plant ( any description--n ev5 a moss or a li*5--has be5 obs]v$ beyond ,cockburn ,isl& 9 #fd #ab ,s4 lat42 & :ile ev5 9 ,spitzb]g5 vegetation asc5ds ! m\nta9 slopes to a height ( #cjjj feet ! sn[-l9e desc5ds to ! wat]'s edge 9 e l& )9 or ne> ! ,ant>ctic ,circle4 ,an op5 sea1 ext5d+ t[>ds ! nor!rn pole z f> z ! eye c rea*1 po9ts out ! pa? to future discov]y2 b ! ,ant>ctic navigators1 ) "o s+le exception1 h inv>iably se5 _! progress arre/$ by b>ri]s ( ice1 & none h ev] p5etrat$ beyond ! comp>atively l[ latitude ( #gh #aj4 ,ev5 9 ,spitzb]g5 & ,ea/ ,gre5l&1 ,scoresby sometimes f\nd ! heat ( summ] v great2 b ! annals ( ,ant>ctic navigation inv>iably speak ( a frigid temp]ature4 ,9 #aggc1 :5 ,capta9 ,phipps visit$ ,spitzb]g51 ! !rmomet] once rose to #eh2 & on ,july #ae1 #ahbj1 :5 ! 8,hecla0 left h] w9t]-qu>t]s 9 ,melville ,isl& 7#gd #dg ,n471 %e enjoy$ a w>m? ( #ef4 ,b dur+ ! summ] mon?s sp5t by ,sir ,james ,ross 9 ! ,ant>ctic ,pol> area1 ! temp]ature ( ! air nev] once exce$$ #da #e4 ,9 ,nor?umb]l& ,s\nd 7#gf #db ,n471 probably ! colde/ spot hi!rto visit$ 9 ! nor?1 ! mean ( ! ?ree summ] mon?s 0 f\nd to be #cj #h1 :ile )9 ! ,ant>ctic ,circle x only am\nt$ to #bg #c4 ,! read] may possibly wond] :y ! climate ( ! s\!rn pol> regions is s mu* m sev]e ?an t ( ! high nor!rn latitudes2 or :y coa/s & valleys1 at equal di/ances f ! equator1 %\ld 9 "o case be f\nd gre5 ) vegetation1 & 9 ano!r m]e wa/es ( sn[ & ice2 b ! pr$om9ance ( l& 9 ! nor?1 & ( sea 9 ! s\?1 fully answ]s ! "q4 ,)9 ! ,arctic ,circle we see va/ cont95tal masses project+ f> to ! nor?1 s z to =m an almo/ cont9u\s belt r\nd ! icy sea2 :ile 9 ! s\!rn hemisph]e1 ! cont95ts tap] d[n 9 a va/ ext5t ( op5 ocean4 ,9 ! nor?1 ! pla9s ( ,sib]ia & ( ! ,hudson's ,bay t]ritories1 w>m$ by ! sunbeams ( summ]1 become at t season c5tres ( radiat+ heat1 s t 9 _m p>ts ! gr[? ( =e/s1 or ev5 ! culture ( ! c]eals1 advances z high z #gj ( latitude2 :ile ! ,ant>ctic l&s are ( a comp>atively small ext5t1 & isolat$ 9 ! mid/ ( frigid wat]s1 ^: temp]ature sc>cely v>ies f #bi #b ev5 9 ! height ( summ]4 ,mo/ly situat$ )9 ! ,ant>ctic ,circle1 & con/antly *ill$ by cold sea-w9ds1 !y act at e season z refrig]ators ( ! atmosph]e4 ,9 ! nor?1 ! =mation ( iceb]gs is conf9$ to a few m\nta9\s c\ntries1 su* z ! we/ coa/ ( ,gre5l& or ,spitzb]g52 b ! ,ant>ctic coa/-l&s g5]ally t[] to a consid]able height above ! level ( ! sea1 & ! va/ fragm5ts :i* are con/antly deta*+ !mselves f _! glaci]s keep up ! l[ temp]ature ( ! seas4 ,9 ! nor?1 ! cold curr5ts ( ! ,pol> ,ocean1 ) _! drift-ice & b]gs1 h b ! two wide gates ( ! ,gre5l& ,sea & ,davis's ,/rait ?r\gh :i* !y c em]ge to ! s\?1 s t _! influ5ce is conf9$ )9 comp>atively n>r[ limits1 :ile ! gelid /reams ( ! ,ant>ctic seas bran* out freely on all sides1 & convey _! float+ ice-masses f> & wide )9 ! temp]ate seas4 ,x is only to ! we/ ( ,newf\ndl& t s+le iceb]gs h ev] be5 kn[n to desc5d z l[ z #ci ( latitude2 b 9 ! s\!rn hemisph]e !y h be5 met ) 9 ! vic9ity ( ! ,cape ( ,good ,hope 7#ce ,s4 lat471 ne> ,tri/an d',acunha1 opposite to ! m\? ( ! ,rio de la ,plata1 & )9 a hundr$ leagues ( ,tasmania4 ,9 ! nor?1 f9ally1 we f9d ! ,gulf ,/ream convey+ w>m? ev5 to ! %ores ( ,spitzb]g5 & ,nova ,zembla2 :ile 9 ! opposite regions ( ! globe1 no traces ( w>m curr5ts h be5 obs]v$ beyond #ee ( latitude4 ,?us ! pr$om9ance ( va/ tracts ( flat l& 9 ! boreal hemisph]e1 & ( an imm5se expanse ( ocean 9 ! ,ant>ctic regions1 suffici5tly acc\nts = ! /ival w>m? ( ! =m]1 & ! comp>atively l[ summ] temp]ature ( ! latt]4 ,x is unnecess>y to describe 9 detail ea* ( ! desolate l&s :i* mod]n navigators h discov]$ among ! ,ant>ctic ice-fields1 b x may n be un9t]e/+ to comp>e "o or two ( ^! dre>y wa/es ) ! l&s ( ! nor?1 situat$ 9 analog\s latitudes4 ,! ,new ,%etl& ,isl&s1 situat$ betwe5 #fa & #fc ( ,s\!rn latitude1 7 orig9ally discov]$ by ,dirck ,gh]itz1 a ,dut* navigator1 :o1 9 attempt+ to r\nd ,cape ,horn1 0 c>ri$ by tempe/u\s wea!r )9 sight ( _! m\nta9\s coa/s4 ,long =gott51 !y 7 re-discov]$ 9 #ahai by ,mr4 ,smi?1 a ma/] 9 ! royal navy--:om a /orm _h likewise c>ri$ ?i!r--& 9 ! foll[+ ye> m accurately exam9$ by ,edw>d ,bransfield1 ^: "n survives 9 ! /rait :i* sep>ates !m f ,d',urville's ,l\is ,philippe ,l&4 ,9 #ahbi1 ! 8,*anticle]10 ,capta9 ,=/]1 0 s5t to ,new ,%etl& = ! purpose ( mak+ magnetic & o!r physical obs]vations1 & rema9$ = sev]al mon?s at ,deception ,isl&1 :i* 0 select$ z a /ation f its af=d+ ! be/ h>bor 9 ,s\? ,%etl&4 ,?\gh ^! isl&s are situat$ at ab\t ! same di/ance f ! pole z ! ,f>oe ,isl&s :i* boa/ ( num]\s flocks ( %eep1 & :]e ! sea nev] freezes1 yet1 :5 ! 8,*anticle]0 approa*$ ,deception ,isl&1 on ,janu>y #e 7a mon? correspond+ to our ,july71 s _m iceb]gs 7 scatt]$ ab\t1 t ,=/] c\nt$ at "o "t no few] ?an eighty-"o4 ,a gale hav+ aris51 accompani$ by a ?ick fog1 great c>e 0 ne$$ to avoid runn+ f\l ( ^! float+ cliffs4 ,aft] ent]+ ! h>bor--a "w ( no slight difficulty1 f ! viol5ce ( ! w9d--! fogs 7 s frequ5t t1 = ! fir/ t5 days1 nei!r sun nor />s 7 se52 & x 0 )al s raw & cold1 t ,lieut5ant ,k5dal1 to :om we owe a %ort n>rative ( ! exp$ition1 did n recollect hav+ suff]$ m at any "t 9 ! ,arctic regions1 ev5 at ! l[e/ range ( ! !rmomet]4 ,9 ?is desolate l&1 froz5 wat] becomes an integral portion ( ! soil2 = ?is volcanic isl& is compos$ *iefly ( alt]nate lay]s ( a%es & ice1 z if ! sn[ ( ea* w9t]1 dur+ a s]ies ( ye>s1 _h be5 prev5t$ f melt+ 9 ! foll[+ summ]1 by ! ejection ( c9d]s & a%es f "s "p :]e volcanic action /ill goes on4 ,e>ly 9 ,m>* 7! ,septemb] ( ! nor?7 ! freez+ ov] ( ! cove 9 :i* ! %ip 0 secur$ gave w>n+ t x 0 high "t = h] to quit ?is desolate port4 ,) mu* difficulty & sev]e labor1 f ! fury ( ! gales1 !y manag$ to get away1 & we may fully cr$it ,lieut5ant ,k5dal's ass]tion1 t x 0 a day ( rejoic+ to all on bo>d :5 ! %ores ( ,deception fad$ f _! view4 ,9 #agge ,cook1 on 8 second voyage1 discov]$ ! l>ge isl& ( ,s\? ,georgia1 situat$ 9 latitude #ed & #ee1 a situation correspond+ to t ( ,sc>bor\gh or ,durham4 ,b :at a diff]5ce 9 ! climate1 = 8we saw n a riv] or /ream ( wat]10 says ! great navigator1 8on all ! coa/ ( ,georgia4 ,! head ( ! bay1 z well z two places on ea* side1 0 t]m9at$ by p]p5dicul> iceb]gs ( consid]able height4 ,pieces 7 cont9ually break+ (f & float+ out to sea1 & a great fall happ5$ :ile we 7 9 ! bay1 :i* made a noise l a cannon4 ,! inn] p>ts ( ! c\ntry 7 n less savage & horrible4 ,! wild rocks rais$ _! l(ty summits till !y 7 lo/ 9 ! cl\ds1 & ! valley lay cov]$ ) ev]la/+ sn[4 ,n a tree 0 to be se51 n a %rub ev5 big en\gh to make a too?pick4 ,! only vegetation 0 a co>se /rong-blad$ grass gr[+ 9 tufts1 wild burnet1 & a plant l moss1 :i* sprang f ! rocks4 ,! l&s1 or r rocks1 bord]+ on ! sea-coa/ 7 n cov]$ ) sn[ l ! inl& p>ts1 b all ! vegetation we c\ld see on ! cle> places 0 ! grass above m5tion$40 ,to f9d sc5es ( a simil> w9try desolation1 we mu/ travel 9 ! nor? z f> z ,nova ,zembla or ,spitzb]g51 :i* are #bj or #bd ne>] to ! pole6 ,?us ! influ5ce ( ! cold ,ant>ctic wat]s ext5ds f> )9 ! temp]ate zone4 ,we c trace _! *ill+ effects 9 ,k]guel5 ,l& 7#ej ,s4 lat471 :i* :5 visit$ by ,cook 9 ! height ( summ] 0 f\nd cov]$ ) sn[1 & :]e only five plants 9 fl[] 7 collect$2 9 ,ti]ra del ,fuego 7#ec ,s4 lat471 :]e ! mean summ] temp]ature is fully #i l[] ?an t ( ,dubl9 7#ec #ba ,n4 lat472 9 ! ,falkl& ,isl&s 7#ea #cj71 :i*1 ?\gh flat & l[ & ne> ,patagonia1 h1 accord+ to ,mr4 ,d>w91 a climate simil> to t :i* is exp]i5c$ at ! height ( betwe5 "o & two ?\s& feet on ! m\nta9s ( ,nor? ,wales1 ) less sun%9e & less fro/1 b m w9d & ra92 & f9ally along ! s\?-we/ coa/ ( ,am]ica1 :]e ! ,p]uvian curr5t & ! cold sea-w9ds s consid]ably depress ! sn[-l9e1 t :ile 9 ,europe ! mo/ s\!rn glaci] :i* comes d[n to ! sea is met )1 accord+ to ,von ,bu*1 on ! coa/ ( ,norway 9 lat4 #fg2 ! 8,beagle0 f\nd a glaci] fifte5 miles long & 9 "o "p sev5 miles broad desc5d+ to ! sea-coa/ 9 ! gulf ( ,p5as1 9 a latitude 7#df #ej7 ne>ly correspond+ ) t ( ! ,lake ( ,g5eva4 8,! position ( ?is glaci]10 says ,mr4 ,d>w91 8may be put ev5 9 a m /rik+ po9t ( view1 = x desc5ds to ! sea-coa/ )9 less ?an #i f :]e palms gr[2 )9 #d ( a region :]e ! jagu> & puma range ov] ! pla9s1 less ?an #b f arboresc5t grasses1 & 7look+ to ! we/w>d 9 ! same hemisph]e7 less ?an #b f or*ide\s p>asites1 & )9 a s+le degree ( tree-f]ns60 ,z ! influ5ce ( ! tropical gulf /ream rea*es z f> z ,spitzb]g51 s t ( ! cold ,p]uvian /ream1 :i* issues f ! ,ant>ctic ,seas1 ext5ds ev5 to ! equator1 & n seldom r$uces ! temp]ature ( ! wat]s ab\t ! ,galapagos to less ?an #eh1 s t reef-build+ corals1 :i* require a m9imum w>m? ( #fj1 are unable to gr[ ne> isl&s situat$ directly "u ! l9e4 ,?\gh ! ,ant>ctic l&s are s bleak & inclem5t t n a s+le quadrup$ is to be f\nd )9 #fj ( latitude1 yet !y are ! resort ( innum]able sea-birds :i*1 belong+ to ! same families z ^? ( ! nor?1 g5]ally =m di/9ct g5]a or species1 = ) r>e exceptions no bird is f\nd to inhabit bo? ! ,arctic & ! ,ant>ctic regions4 ,?us 9 ! petrel family we f9d ! fulm> 7,procell>ia glacialis7 & ! glacial petrel 7,p4 gelida7 ( ! high nor? repres5t$ 9 ! ,ant>ctic ,seas by ! giant petrel 7,procell>ia gigantea71 :i* ext5ds its flight f ,patagonia to ! ice-banks ( ! s\?1 :]e ! ,ant>ctic & ! sn[y petrels 7,p4 ant>ctica et nivea7 fir/ appe>1 cold-lov+ birds :i* nev] leave ^? dre>y wat]s1 & are (t5 se5 9 va/ flocks float+ ^u ! drift-ice4 ,! giant petrel1 :i* has receiv$ f ! ,spani>ds ! significant appellation ( 8quebranta huesos10 or 8break-bones10 is a m p[]ful bird ?an ! fulm>4 ,x is l>g] ?an a goose1 ) a /rong beak #d in*es long4 ,its color is a dirty black1 :ite bel[1 & ) :ite spots on ! neck & back4 ,9 its habits & mann] ( flight x closely resembles ! albatross1 &1 z ) ! albatross1 a spectator may wat* x = h\rs toge!r )\t see+ on :at x fe$s4 ,l ! fulm> x fea/s ^u fi%es1 or ! c>casses ( seals & cetaceans1 b x also *ases o!r birds4 ,at ,port ,sa9t ,antonio x 0 se5 by "s ( ! (fic]s ( ! 8,beagle0 pursu+ a div]1 :i* tri$ to escape by div+ & fly+1 b 0 cont9ually /ruck d[n1 & at la/ kill$ by a bl[ on its head4 ,su* is its voracity t x does n ev5 sp>e its own k9d1 = a gigantic petrel hav+ be5 badly w\nd$ by a %ot f ! 8,t]ror10 & fall+ at too great a di/ance = a boat to be s5t aft] x1 0 imm$iately attack$ by two o!rs ( ! same k9d & torn to pieces4 ,x is a common bird bo? 9 ! op5 sea & 9 ! inl& *annels ( ,ti]ra del ,fuego1 & ! s\?-we/ coa/ ( ,am]ica4 ,! w&]+ albatross 7,diom$ea exulans71 closely alli$ to ! petrels1 & rivall+ ! condor 9 size & /r5g? ( w+1 may truly be rank$ among ! ,ant>ctic birds1 z x is seldom se5 9 a l[] latitude ?an #cf1 & increases 9 numb]s t[>ds ! s\?4 ,freyss9et saw x mo/ frequ5tly betwe5 #ee & #ei ,s4 lat41 & x probably kn[s no o!r limits ?an ^? ( ! ,pol> ice4 ,x is f\nd 9 e m]idian ( ?is enorm\s zone1 b ! regions ( /orms-- ! ,cape ( ,good ,hope & ,cape ,horn--are its favorite resorts4 ,"h x may frequ5tly be se5 9 ! full maje/y ( its flight4 ,! auks ( ! nor!rn hemisph]e are repres5t$1 9 ! au/ral regions1 by ! p5gu9s1 :o1 z ,buffon rem>ks1 are ! lea/ bird-l ( all birds4 ,_! small w+-/umps1 cov]$ ) %ort rigid scale-l fea!rs1 are altoge!r incapable ( rais+ ! body 9 ! air1 b s]ve z admirable paddles 9 ! wat]1 & on l& z =e feet1 ) ^: help !y s al]tly scale ! grassy cliffs t !y might easily be mi/ak5 = quadrup$s4 ,_! feet1 l ^? ( ! auks1 are plac$ s f> back t ! body is q upright :5 ! bird is /&+ on ! gr\nd1 a position :i* r5d]s _! gait uncommonly sl[ & awkw>d1 b greatly facilitates _! movem5ts 9 ! wat]4 ,:5 at sea & fi%+1 ! p5gu9 comes to ! surface = ! purpose ( brea?+ ) su* a spr+1 & dives aga9 s in/antane\sly1 t at fir/ sight no "o c be sure t x is n a fi% leap+ = sport4 ,o!r sea-birds g5]ally keep a consid]able "p ( _! body out ( ! wat] :ile swimm+1 b ?is is n ! case ) ! p5gu91 ^: head alone appe>s above ! surface1 & ?us r[+ at ! same "t ) its w+s & feet1 x swims s quickly t _m fi%es w\ld fail to keep up ) x4 ,sir ,james ,ross once saw two p5gu9s paddl+ away a ?\s& miles f ! ne>e/ l&4 ,protect$ aga9/ ! cold by a ?ick lay] ( fat & a w>m great-coat ( fea!rs1 x rema9s = mon?s on ! high seas1 & seeks l& only 9 ! summ] = ! purpose ( bre$+4 ,at ?is "t x is f\nd 9 va/ numb]s on ! ,falkl& ,isl&s1 ,k]guel5's ,l&1 ,new ,%etl&1 or :]ev] 9 ! ,ant>ctic ,seas1 p]haps ev5 to ! pole itself1 a conv5i5t coa/ invites its /ay4 ,on ,possession ,isl&1 = in/ance1 a desolate rock1 discov]$ by ,sir ,james ,ross 9 lat4 #ga #ef1 myriads ( p5gu9s cov]$ ! :ole surface ( ! l&1 along ! l$ges ( ! precipices1 & ev5 to ! summit ( ! hills4 ,undaunt$ by ! pres5ce ( be+s :om !y _h nev] se5 be=e1 ! birds vigor\sly attack$ ! ,briti% seam5 z !y wad$ ?r\gh _! ranks1 & peck$ at !m ) _! %>p beaks1 a reception :i*1 toge!r ) _! l\d co>se notes1 & ! insupportable /5* ( _! guano1 made our c\ntrym5 b too happy to dep>t1 aft] hav+ load$ _! boat ) geological specim5s & p5gu9s4 ,!re are sev]al species ( ?is s+ul> bird4 ,! l>ge/ & r>e/ 7,apt5odytes ,=/]i7 is g5]ally f\nd s+ly1 :ile ! small] species always associate 9 va/ numb]s4 ,sev]al 7 caught 9 lat4 #gg by ,sir ,james ,ross & br\ght on bo>d alive2 inde$ x 0 a v difficult & a cruel op]ation to kill !m1 until hydrocyanic acid 0 resort$ to1 ( :i* a tablespoonful effectually accompli%$ ! purpose 9 less ?an a m9ute4 ,^! enorm\s birds v>i$ 9 weight f sixty to sev5ty-five p\nds4 ,!y are rem>kably /upid1 & all[ a man to approa* !m s ne> z to /rike !m on ! head ) a bludgeon1 & sometimes1 if knock$ (f ! ice into ! wat]1 !y w almo/ imm$iately leap ^u x aga9 z if eag] = a fight1 ?\gh )\t ! smalle/ means ei!r ( (f5se or def5se4 ,!y 7 fir/ discov]$ dur+ ,capta9 ,cook's voyage to ! ,ant>ctic regions1 b ,sir ,james ,ross 0 =tunate 9 br++ ! fir/ p]fect specim5s to ,engl&1 "s ( :i* 7 pres]v$ entire 9 casks ( /rong pickle1 t ! physiologi/ & comp>ative anatomi/ might h an opportunity ( ?or\ghly exam9+ _! /ructure4 ,! pr9cipal food ( ! great p5gu9 consi/s ( v>i\s species ( cru/ace\s animals1 & 9 its /oma* are frequ5tly f\nd f two to t5 p\nds' weight ( pebbles1 swall[$ no d\bt to promote dige/ion4 8,its capture10 says ,sir ,james ,ross1 8af=d$ great amusem5t to our p1 = :5 al>m$ & endeavor+ to escape1 x makes its way ov] deep sn[ fa/] ?an !y c\ld foll[ x3 by ly+ d[n on its belly & impell+ itself by its p[]ful feet1 x slides along ^u ! surface ( ! sn[ at a great pace1 /eady+ itself by ext5d+ its f9-l w+s1 :i* alt]nately t\* ! gr\nd on ! side opposite to ! propell+ leg40 ,illu/ration3 #abb4 ,,! ,,albatross4 ,?\gh ! ,ant>ctic ,seas possess nei!r ! n>:al nor ! morse1 !y ab\nd1 p]haps ev5 m ?an ! ,arctic wat]s1 9 :ales1 dolph9s1 & seals1 at lea/ 9 ! high] latitudes4 ,! au/ral smoo?-back$ :ale 7,balna au/ralis7 diff]s f 8 ,gre5l& relative 9 _m respects3 ! head is comp>atively small]1 be+ only ab\t "o-f\r? ( ! total l5g?1 ! m\? is broad]1 ! bale5 %ort]1 ! pectoral f9s are l>g] & po9t$1 & ! color is almo/ totally black1 ! :ite on ! l[] surface be+ conf9$ to a small "p ( ! abdom54 ,! skull is also diff]5tly =m$2 & :ile ! ,gre5l& :ale has only ?irte5 pairs ( ribs1 ! au/ral smoo?-back has fifte54 ,accord+ to ,mr4 ,b5nett1 ! au/ral smoo?-back seldom atta9s a great] l5g? ?an fifty feet2 b z x yields on an av]age f eighty to n9ety b>rels ( oil1 its capture amply rew>ds ! :al]'s tr\ble4 ,?\gh met ) 9 ! highe/ latitudes1 & roam+ ov] ! :ole ext5t ( ! ,ant>ctic ,seas1 x resorts 9 spr+ to ! %elt]$ bays ( ,new ,zeal&1 ,au/ralia1 ,k]guel5's ,l&1 ,*ili1 ! ,falkl& ,isl&s1 ,algoa ,bay1 etc41 = ! purpose ( br++ =? its "y4 ,?is ( c\rse makes its capture easi]1 b mu/ at ! same "t lead to its extirpation1 or drive x to ! mo/ inaccessible regions ( ! ,pol> ,ocean4 ,ev5 n[ ! :ale-fi%]y ( ! s\!rn seas1 :i* tw5ty or ?irty ye>s ago employ$ hundr$s ( vessels1 has mu* dim9i%$ 9 importance3 x is *iefly c>ri$ on by ! ,am]icans1 ! ,fr5*1 & our ,au/ralian colonies1 :i* h ! advantage ( be+ m conv5i5tly situat$ ?an ! "m-c\ntry4 ,9 ! high] latitudes ( ! ,ant>ctic zone ! hun*-back & f9-back :ales ab\nd2 b z ! =m] is meagre & h>dly wor? ! boil+1 & ! latt]1 l ! rorquals ( ! nor?1 dives ) su* rapidity t he snaps ! h>poon-l9e or drags ! boat along ) him into ! wat]1 !y are seldom hunt$4 ,h5ce !y w mo/ likely cont9ue to prosp] 9 _! native seas1 unless ! improv$ missiles rec5tly introduc$ 9 ! :ale-fi%]y c be made to conqu] !m4 ,! hun*-back is di/+ui%$ by ! great l5g? ( 8 pectoral f9s1 :i* ext5d to full eighte5 feet1 :ile ^! organs are comp>atively small 9 ! f9-back4 ,a k9d ( broad-nos$ :ale likewise makes its appe>ance 9 ! ,ant>ctic ,seas1 b x is n yet det]m9$ :e!r all ^! f9-back$ :ales ( ! s\? are di/9ct species f ^? ( ! ,arctic wat]s4 ,a circum/ance :i* seems to speak = _! id5tity is t f9-backs are met ) 9 ! int]v5+ temp]ate & tropical seas1 s t no limits appe> to h be5 set to _! excursions4 ,! sp]m :ale1 or ca*alot1 ?\gh p>tial to ! equ9octial ocean1 is also f\nd 9 ! cold ,ant>ctic wat]s4 ,x 0 met ) by ,sir ,james ,ross among ! iceb]gs 9 #fc #bj ,s4 lat42 & ne> ,possession ,isl& 7#ga #ej ,s4 lat471 :]e ! hun*-backs 7 s abundant t ?irty 7 c\nt$ at "o "t 9 v>i\s directions1 & dur+ ! :ole day :]ev] ! eyes turn$ _! bla/s 7 to be se54 ,a few sp]m :ales 7 also di/+ui%$ among !m by _! peculi> mann] ( bl[+ or sp\t+4 ,among ! dolph9s ( ! ,ant>ctic ,ocean we f9d a species ( grampus no less =midable & voraci\s ?an t ( ! nor!rn seas4 ,on ,janu>y #bj1 #ahdj1 ! ,am]ican %ip 8,peacock10 :ile cruis+ 9 ! ,ant>ctic wat]s1 witness$ a conflict betwe5 "o ( !m & a :ale4 ,! sea 0 p]fectly smoo?1 s t ! :ole combat c\ld be di/9ctly se54 ,at fir/ ! :ale 0 p]ceiv$ at "s di/ance f ! %ip la%+ ! wat] into foam1 & app>5tly mak+ desp]ate ef=ts to %ake (f "s invisible enemy4 ,on approa*+1 !y f\nd t an enorm\s grampus _h seiz$ x ) its jaws4 ,! :ale va9ly turn$ & twi/$ itself 9 e direction1 & its blood t+$ ! wat] f> ar\nd4 ,! grampus _h evid5tly ! advantage1 & ! o!r :ales1 ( :i* !re 7 _m 9 sight1 in/ead ( assi/+ _! comrade1 seem$ only int5t on _! own safety4 ,! grampus _h a br[n back1 a :ite abdom51 & a l>ge f9 on its back4 ,! spe$ at :i* ! mon/r\s animals %ot ?r\gh ! wat] prev5t$ ! ,am]icans f witness+ ! issue ( ! fight4 ,! classical dolph9 ( ! anci5ts has be5 se5 ne> ! ,cape ( ,good ,hope1 & mo/ likely w&]s f> to ! s\?1 z he is prov]bial = 8 arr[-l rapidity1 & c easily trav]se a c\ple ( hundr$ miles 9 a s+le day4 ,9 ! ,/rait ( ,magellan & ab\t ,cape ,horn are frequ5tly se5 ! ,delph9us sup]ciliosus1 ^: turn$-up m\?-corn]s give 8 c\nt5ance a peculi>ly b5evol5t & fri5dly expression1 beli$ by 8 rav5\s prop5sities1 & ! ,delph9us leucoramphus1 :o1 l ! bjeluga ( ! nor?1 has no dorsal f91 & by ! livel9ess ( 8 movem5ts emulates ! classical dolph9 ( ! ,m$it]ranean4 ,! seal family plays a no less important "p 9 ! zoology ( ! ,ant>ctic ,seas ?an 9 t ( ! nor!rn wat]s4 ,"h we f9d ! mon/r\s sea-elephant 7,macrorh9us elephant9us71 s call$ n only f 8 size atta9+ a l5g? ( tw5ty-five feet1 & a gir? at ! l>ge/ "p ( ! body ( f fifte5 to eighte51 b also f ! s+ul> /ructure ( 8 elongat$ no/rils1 :i* hang d[n :5 he is 9 a /ate ( repose1 b swell out to a proboscis a foot long :5 he is enrag$4 ,?is gives ! animal a v =midable appe>ance1 :i*1 along ) 8 bell[+ & 8 widely-gap+ jaws arm$ ) tusk-l can9es1 might /rike t]ror into ! bolde/ he>t4 ,b 9 reality ! sea-elephant is a mo/ def5seless creature1 = on l& x moves its unwieldy c>cass ) ! utmo/ difficulty1 & a s+le bl[ ^u ! sn\t ) a club suffices to /ret* x lifeless on ! gr\nd4 ,x us$ to be met ) 9 consid]able numb]s on all ! flat %ores or isl&s betwe5 #ce & #fb ,s4 lat41 b z x yields a l>ge quantity ( excell5t oil1 & z its sk91 ?\gh m]ely cov]$ ) ?ick %ort bri/les1 is ( "s value f its great /r5g? & ?ickness1 incessant p]secution has greatly ?9n$ its ranks1 & 9 "s p>ts extirpat$ x4 ,?us ,sir ,james ,ross relates t ! sea-elephant & sev]al o!r species ( seals1 :i* 7 =m]ly 9 great abundance at ,k]guel5's ,l&1 annually drew a numb] ( fi%+-vessels to its %ores4 ,b at ! "t ( 8 visit 7#ahdj71 aft] s _m ye>s ( slaught]1 !y _h q des]t$ ! place4 ,! fle% ( ! sea-elephant is black1 & ( an oily ta/e1 b ,anson & 8 companions1 aft] hav+ be5 toss$ ab\t = sev]al mon?s on a tempe/u\s sea & r$uc$ to great di/ress by scurvy1 reli%$ x at ,juan ,f]n&ez4 ,! tongue is said to be a great delicacy4 ,z ! s(t jet-black fur ( ! "y s\!rn sea-be> 7,arctocephalus falcl&icus7 is no less valuable ?an t ( its nor!rn relative1 ! eag]ness ) :i* x is pursu$ may easily be imag9$4 ,=m]ly va/ h]ds ( sea-be>s us$ to resort e summ] to ! ,new ,%etl& ,isl&s1 b soon aft] ! r$iscov]y ( ! gr\p ! ,am]ican & ,engli% seal]s made _! appe>ance on its desolate %ores1 & 9 ! %ort "t ( f\r ye>s extirpat$ ! urs9e seals1 ?us de/roy+ by wa/eful de/ruction :at might h be5 a p]man5t s\rce ( pr(it4 ,! s\!rn sea-lion 7,ot>ia jubata7 is a l>g] animal ?an 8 nor!rn namesake2 & :ile ! latt] is furni%$ only ) an erect & curly hair-tuft at ! neck1 a complete mane fl[s r\nd 8 brea/4 ,! rema9d] ( ! tawny body is cov]$ ) %ort smoo? hairs or bri/les4 ,! sea-lioness1 :o is mu* small] ?an h] mate1 has no mane2 & z %e is ( a d>k] color & has a diff]5tly %ap$ head1 is frequ5tly mi/ak5 = ano!r species1 & call$ wolf1 or lobo1 by ! inhabitants ( ! s\?-we/]n coa/ ( ,am]ica4 ,! =e flipp]s ( ! sea-lion h ! appe>ance ( l>ge pieces ( black t\gh lea!r1 %[+1 in/ead ( nails1 slight horny elevations2 ! h9d f9s1 :i* are likewise black1 h a clos] resemblance to feet1 & ! five toes are furni%$ ) small nails4 ,x is a =midable-look+ bea/1 p>ticul>ly :5 full gr[n to a l5g? ( t5 feet & m4 ,! sea-leop>d 7,leptonyx ,w$delli71 :i* owes its "n to its spott$ sk91 is peculi> to ! s\!rn seas4 ,?is l>ge seal is f eight to n9e feet long2 ! h9d feet h no nails1 & greatly resemble ! tail ( a fi%4 ,! ,ant>ctic seals1 dolph9s1 & petrels *iefly prey ^u a g5us ( fi% discov]$ at ,k]guel5's ,l&1 & nam$ ,noto!nia by ,dr4 ,ri*>dson4 ,^! fi%1 :i* are ( an elongat$ eel-l %ape1 conceal !mselves f ! p]secutions ( _! enemies 9 ! small cracks & cavities ( ! pack-ice1 & 7 frequ5tly notic$ by ,sir ,james ,ross :5 driv5 f %elt] by ! %ip z x /ruck & pass$ ov] _! protect+ pieces ( ice4 ,!y 9 _! turn live ^u ! small] cancri & limac91 & ^! aga9 ^u creatures ( a /ill m dim9utive size1 until f9ally ! *a9 ( creat$ be+s t]m9ates 9 ! diatoms1#bc :i* are f\nd fill+ ^! seas ) ! m9ute/ =ms ( organic life4 ,,*apt] ,,xxxviii4 ,,ant>ctic ,,voyages ,,( ,,discov]y4 ,cook's ,discov]ies 9 ! ,ant>ctic ,ocean4--,bell+haus54-- ,w$dell4--,biscoe4--,ball5y4--,dumont d',urville4--,wilkes4-- ,sir ,james ,ross crosses ! ,ant>ctic ,circle on ,new ,ye>'s ,day1 #ahda4--;,discov]s ,victoria ,l&4--,dang]\s ,l&+ on ,frankl9 ,isl&4--,an ,eruption ( ,m\nt ,erebus4--,! ,great ,ice ,b>ri]4-- ,provid5tial ,escape4--,dreadful ,gale4--,collision4--,haz>d\s ,passage betwe5 two ,iceb]gs4--,t]m9ation ( ! ,voyage4 ,be=e ,cook1 no navigator _h left ,europe ) ! cle> design ( p5etrat+ into ! ,ant>ctic regions4 ,dirk ,gh]itz inde$ _h be5 driv5 by a furi\s /orm f> to ! s\? ( ,cape ,horn1 & became ! involunt>y discov]] ( ! ,new ,%etl& ,isl&s 9 #afjj2 b 8 voyage 0 soon =gott51 & 9 an age :5 ! love ( gold or ! desire ( conque/ 7 ! sole promot]s ( m>itime ent]prise1 no m>9] felt incl9$ to foll[ on 8 track1 & to plunge into a sea :]e mo/ probably he w\ld f9d no?+ b ice-fields & iceb]gs to rew>d 8 ef=ts4 ,ne>ly two c5turies lat] a m sci5tific age direct$ its att5tion to ! unkn[n regions ( ! di/ant s\?1 & ,cook sail$ =? to probe ! secrets ( ! ,ant>ctic ,seas4 ,?is dang]\s task he execut$ ) an intrepidity unp>allel$ 9 ! annals ( navigation4 ,beyond #fj ( s\!rn latitude1 he cruis$ ov] a space ( m ?an #ajj ( longitude1 & on ,janu>y #cj1 #aggd1 p5etrat$ z f> z #ga ( s\!rn latitude1 :]e he 0 /opp$ by imp5etrable masses ( ice4 ,su* 7 ! difficulties enc\nt]$ f d5se fogs1 sn[-/orms1 int5se cold1 & e ?+ t c r5d] navigation dang]\s1 t 9 8 op9ion ! l&s situat$ to ! s\?w>d ( 8 discov]ies mu/ =ev] rema9 unkn[n4 ,aga9 = _m a ye> no "o attempt$ to ent] a field :]e ! mo/ celebrat$ ( mod]n m>9]s _h f\nd b a few des]t isl&s 7,s\? ,georgia1 ,s&wi*'s ,l&1 ,s\!rn ,?ule7 until ,smi?'s casual r$iscov]y ( ,new ,s\? ,%etl& 9 #ahai once m turn$ ! curr5t ( m>itime exploration to ! ,ant>ctic ,seas4 ,soon aft]w>ds a ,russian exp$ition "u ,laz>eff & ,bell+haus5 discov]$ 7,janu>y1 #ahba71 9 #fi #c ,s4 lat41 ! isl&s ,paul ! ,fir/ & ,alex&]1 ! mo/ s\!rn l&s t _h ev] be5 visit$ by man4 ,! ye> aft] ,capta9 ,w$dell1 a seal]1 p5etrat$ into ! icy ocean z f> z #gd #ae ,s4 lat41 #c ne>] to ! pole ?an _h be5 atta9$ by ,cook4 ,! sea lay invit+ly op51 b z ! season 0 f> advanc$1 & ,w$dell appreh5d$ ! dang]s ( ! return voyage1 he /e]$ aga9 to ! nor?4 ,9 #ahca ,biscoe discov]$ ,end]by ,l&1 & soon aft]w>ds ,graham's ,l&1 to :i* ! gratitude ( geograph]s has s9ce giv5 ! discov]]'s "n4 ,9 #ahci ,ball5y reveal$ ! exi/5ce ( ! gr\p ( isl&s call$ aft] him1 & ( ,sabr9a ,l& 7#fi ,s4 lat474 ,ab\t ! same "t ?ree consid]able exp$itions1 fitt$ out by ! gov]nm5ts ( ,france1 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 & ,engl&1 made _! appe>ance 9 ! ,ant>ctic ,seas4 ,dumont d',urville discov]$ ,t]re ,l\is ,philippe 7#fc #ca ,s4 lat47 9 ,febru>y1 #ahch1 & ,t]re ,adlie 7#ff #fg ,s4 lat47 on ,janu>y #ba1 #ahdj4 ,almo/ on ! same day1 ,wilkes1 ! comm&] ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,explor+ ,exp$ition1 rea*$ an ice-b\nd coa/1 :i* he foll[$ = a l5g? ( #aejj miles1 & :i* has be5 call$ ,wilkes's ,l&1 to commemorate ! discov]]'s "n4 ,b ( all ! explor]s ( ! s\!rn froz5 ocean1 ! palm unque/ionably belongs to ,sir ,james ,ross :o p5etrat$ f>!r t[>ds ! pole ?an any o!r navigator be=e or aft]1 & made ! only discov]ies ( ext5sive l& )9 ! area b\nd$ by ! ,ant>ctic ,circle4 ,on ,new ,ye>'s ,day1 #ahda1 ! 8,erebus10 ,capta9 ,james ,cl>k ,ross1 & ! 8,t]ror10 comm&$ by ,francis ,crozi]1 :o di$ ) ,frankl9 9 ! ,arctic ,sea1 cross$ ! ,ant>ctic ,circle1 & aft] su/a9+ _m sev]e %ocks 9 break+ ?r\gh ! pack-ice1 em]g$ on ,janu>y #i into a cle> sea ( great ext5t2 b ! fog & sn[-%[]s 7 s ?ick t ! navigators c\ld seldom see m ?an half a mile be=e !m4 ,on ! foll[+ day ! fog began to disp]se1 & on ! #aa?1 ,victoria ,l&1 ris+ 9 l(ty peaks entirely cov]$ ) p]5nial sn[1 0 se5 at a di/ance ( m ?an "o hundr$ miles4 ,on /e]+ t[>ds ,m\nt ,sab9e1 ! highe/ m\nta9 ( ! range1 new *a9s ( hills 7 se5 ext5d+ to ! "r & left4 ,aft] sail+ = a few days to ! s\? along ! ice-b\nd coa/1 a gale =c$ ! %ips to /& out to sea2 b on ! morn+ ( ,janu>y #ae1 ! wea!r becom+ beautifully cle>1 all[$ a full view ( a magnific5t *a9 ( m\nta9s /ret*+ f> away to ! s\?w>d4 ,ross 0 mo/ anxi\s to f9d a h>bor 9 :i* to secure ! %ips1 b e ind5tation ( ! coa/ 0 f\nd fill$ ) sn[ drift$ f ! m\nta9s1 & =m+ a mass ( ice sev]al hundr$ feet ?ick4 ,x 0 ?us impossible to ent] any ( ! valleys or breaks 9 ! coa/ :]e h>bors 9 o!r l&s usually occur4 ,yet ^! inhospitable %ores 7#gb #gc ,s4 lat47 are situat$ b "o or two degrees ne>] to ! pole ?an ,hamm]fe/1 ! seat ( an active comm]ce on ! ,norwegian coa/4 ,favor$ by nor!rly w9ds & an op5 sea1 ! %ips rea*$ on ,janu>y #bb a high] s\!rn latitude 7#gd #bj ,s47 ?an t :i* _h be5 atta9$ by ,w$dell4 ,pursu+ _! way to ! s\?w>d along ! edge ( ! pack-ice1 :i* n[ compell$ !m to keep at a consid]able di/ance f ! coa/1 !y came on ! #bg? )9 two or ?ree miles ( a small isl& connect$ by a va/ ice-field ) ! extreme po9t ( ! ma9l&4 ,eag] to set 8 foot on ! mo/ s\!rly soil 7#gf #h ,s47 he _h z yet discov]$1 ,ross left ! 8,erebus10 accompani$ by sev]al (fic]s1 &1 foll[$ by ,crozi] & a p>ty f ! 8,t]ror10 pull$ t[>ds ! %ore4 ,a high s\!rly swell broke s heavily aga9/ ! cliffs & on ! only piece ( bea* :i* !y c\ld see z !y r[$ f "o end ( ! isl& to ! o!r1 z almo/ to =bid _! l&+4 ,by great skill & managem5t ,ross succe$$ 9 jump+ on to ! rocks4 ,by means ( a rope "s ( ! (fic]s l&$ some:at m easily1 b n )\t gett+ ?or\ghly wett$1 & "o ( !m ne>ly lo/ 8 life 9 ?is difficult affair4 ,! !rmomet] be+ at #bb1 e "p ( ! rocks wa%$ by ! waves 0 cov]$ ) a coat+ ( ice1 s t 9 jump+ f ! boat he slipp$ f !m into ! wat] betwe5 h] /]n & ! almo/ p]p5dicul> rock on :i* 8 companions _h l&$4 ,b = ! promptitude ( ! m5 9 ! boat 9 in/antly pull+ (f1 he mu/ h be5 cru%$ betwe5 x & ! rock4 ,he 0 tak5 into ! boat )\t hav+ suff]$ any o!r injury ?an be+ b5umb$ by ! cold4 ,! isl&1 :i* receiv$ ! "n ( ,frankl91 bore n ! smalle/ trace ( vegetation1 n ev5 a li*5 or piece ( sea-we$ gr[+ on ! rocks2 b ! :ite petrel & ! skua-gull _h _! ne/s on ! l$ges ( ! cliffs1 & seals 7 se5 sport+ 9 ! wat]4 ,! foll[+ day 0 memorable = ! discov]y ( ! s\!rnmo/ kn[n l& ( ! globe1 a magnific5t m\nta9 *a91 to :i* ! "n ( ,p>ry 0 giv51 9 grateful remembrance ( ! honor :i* t illu/ri\s navigator _h conf]r$ on ,ross1 by call+ ! mo/ nor!rn l& at t "t kn[n by 8 "n4 ,x is n (t5 t m5 are able to reciprocate su* complim5ts z ^!6 ,! mo/ conspicu\s object ( ! *a9 0 ,m\nt ,erebus 7#gg #e ,s471 an active volcano1 ( :i* ,ross _h ! good-=tune to witness a magnific5t eruption4 ,! enorm\s columns ( flame & smoke ris+ two ?\s& feet above ! m\? ( ! crat]1 :i* is elevat$ #ab1djj feet above ! level ( ! sea1 comb9$ ) ! sn[-:ite m\nta9 *a9 & ! deep-blue ocean to =m a magnific5t sc5e4 ,an ext9ct volcano to ! ea/w>d ( ,m\nt ,erebus1 & a little inf]ior 9 height1 be+ by measurem5t #aj1ijj feet high1 0 call$ 8,m\nt ,t]ror40 ,a brilliant mantle ( sn[ swept d[n ! sides ( bo? ^! giants ( ! s\?1 & project$ a p]p5dicul> icy cliff sev]al miles into ! sea4 ,gladly w\ld ,ross h p5etrat$ /ill f>!r to ! s\?1 b all 8 ef=ts 7 baffl$ by a va/ b>ri] ( ice1 =m+ an un9t]rupt$ wall1 #dej miles 9 l5g?1 & ris+ 9 "s p>ts to a height ( #ahj feet above ! sea-level4 ,:ile sail+ along ?is b>ri]1 ! %ips 7 frequ5tly oblig$ by ! w9d & ! closely-pack$ ice to keep at a consid]able di/ance2 b on ,febru>y #i1 hav+ ent]$ ! only ind5tation :i* !y _h p]ceiv$ ?r\gh\t its :ole ext5t1 !y _h an excell5t opportunity ( gett+ q close to x1 ?\gh at no little haz>d4 ,?is bay 0 =m$ by a project+ p59sula ( ice1 t]m9at$ by a cape #agj feet high2 b at ! n>r[ i/hmus :i* connect$ x ) ! great b>ri] x 0 n m ?an fifty feet high1 af=d+ ,ross ! only opportunity he _h ( see+ its upp] surface f ! ma/-head4 ,x appe>$ to be q smoo?1 & convey$ to ! m9d ! idea ( an imm5se pla9 ( fro/$ silv]4 ,gigantic icicles dep5d$ f e project+ po9t ( its p]p5dicul> cliffs1 prov+ t x sometimes ?aw$1 :i* o!rwise c\ld n h be5 believ$2 = at a season ( ! ye> equival5t to ,augu/ 9 ,engl&1 ! !rmomet] at noon did n rise above #ad1 & ! "y ice =m$ s quickly 9 ! %elt]$ bay z to w>n !m ( ! necessity ( a spe$y retreat4 ,favor$ by ! breeze1 & by d9t ( great ex]tion1 !y ultimately em]g$ f _! dang]\s position1 b sc>cely _h !y escap$ :5 ! w9d came directly aga9/ !m1 s t _h !y l+]$ b half an h\r long] ne> ! b>ri] !y w\ld c]ta9ly h be5 froz5 up4 ,on ,febru>y #ac ! approa* ( w9t] conv9c$ ,ross t x 0 high "t to rel9qui% ! fur!r exam9ation ( ! b>ri] to ! ea/w>d2 & z no place ( security :]e x 0 possible to w9t] c\ld be f\nd ^u any "p ( ! l& hi!rto discov]$1 he reluctantly resolv$ to recross ! ,ant>ctic ,circle1 & po/pone all attempts to rea* ! pole to ! next season4 ,! return voyage 0 difficult & dang]\s4 ,on ,m>* #g1 ! %ips1 :ile endeavor+ to f9d a way ?r\gh ! pack-ice 9 lat4 #fe1 _h a n>r[ escape f imm95t de/ruction4 ,! w9d hav+ ceas$1 !y f\nd !mselves at ! m]cy ( a heavy ea/]ly swell1 :i* 0 driv+ !m d[n ^u ! pack1 9 :i* 7 c\nt$ f ! ma/-head eighty-f\r l>ge b]gs1 & "s hundr$s ( small] size4 ,z !y rapidly approa*$ ?is =midable *a91 no op5+ c\ld be discov]$ ?r\gh :i* ! %ips c\ld pass2 ! waves 7 beat+ viol5tly aga9/ ! b]gs1 & da%+ huge masses ( pack-ice aga9/ _! precipit\s faces1 n[ lift+ !m ne>ly to _! summit1 !n =c+ !m aga9 f> b5ea? _! wat]-l9e1 & sometimes r5d+ !m 9 a multitude ( brilliant fragm5ts aga9/ _! project+ po9ts4 8,sublime & magnific5t10 says ,ross1 8z su* a sc5e mu/ h appe>$ "u diff]5t circum/ances1 to u x 0 awful1 if n appall+4 ,= eight h\rs we _h be5 gradually drift+ t[>ds :at to human eyes appe>$ inevitable de/ruction2 ! high waves & deep roll+ ( our %ips r5d]$ t[+ ) ! boats impossible1 & our situation ! m pa9ful & emb>rass+ f our inability to make any ef=t to avoid ! dreadful calamity t seem$ to await u4444 ,we 7 n[ )9 half a mile ( ! range ( b]gs4 ,! ro> ( ! surf1 :i* ext5d$ ea* way z f> z we c\ld see1 & ! cra%+ ( ! ice1 fell ^u ! e> ) fe>ful di/9ctness1 :il/ ! frequ5tly av]t$ eye z imm$iately return$ to contemplate ! awful de/ruction t ?reat5$ 9 "o %ort h\r to close ! _w1 & all its hopes1 & joys1 & sorr[s ^u u =ev]4 ,9 ?is our deep di/ress #8we call$ ^u ! ,"l1 & ,he he>d our voices out ( ,8 temple1 & our cry came be=e ,him4' ,a g5tle air ( w9d fill$ our sails2 hope aga9 reviv$1 & ! greate/ activity prevail$ to make ! be/ use ( ! feeble breeze2 z x gradually fre%5$1 our heavy %ips began to feel its influ5ce1 sl[ly at fir/1 b m rapidly aft]w>ds1 & be=e d>k we f\nd ourselves f> remov$ f e dang]40 ,aft] pass+ ! w9t] at ,hob>ton1 ! capital ( ,tasmania1 ,sir ,james ,ross1 9 ! foll[+ ye>1 once m cross$ ! ,ant>ctic ,circle to exam9e ! icy b>ri] :i* 9 8 previ\s voyage _h block$ 8 progress to ! s\?1 & to r5ew 8 attempts to pass r\nd or ?r\gh x4 ,b !re 7 new dang]s to be enc\nt]$4 ,on ,janu>y #ag1 #ahdb1 a fe>ful /orm came on z ! 8,erebus0 & 8,t]ror0 7 mak+ _! way ?r\gh ! pack-ice1 :i* 0 ?is "t met ) 9 a m nor!rn latitude ?an ! ye> be=e4 ,! sea broke all ! haws]s :i* held !m to a l>ge piece ( floe1 & drove !m helplessly along into ! heavy pack4 ,!y 7 n[ involv$ 9 an ocean ( roll+ fragm5ts ( ice1 :i* 7 da%$ aga9/ !m by ! waves ) s mu* viol5ce t _! ma/s quiv]$ z if !y w\ld fall at e successive bl[4 ,! l\d cra%+ noise ( ! /ra9+ & work+ ( ! timb]s & decks1 z !y 7 driv5 aga9/ "s ( ! heavi] pieces1 might well appall ! /\te/ he>t1 & ?us h\r pass$ away aft] h\r4 ,dur+ ?is t]rible sc5e ! %ips 7 at "o "t s close toge!r t :5 ! 8,t]ror0 rose to ! top ( "o wave1 ! 8,erebus0 0 on ! top ( ! wave next to leew>d ( h]1 ! deep *asm betwe5 !m be+ fill$ ) heavy roll+ masses2 & z ! %ips desc5d$ into ! holl[ betwe5 ! waves1 ! ma9topsail-y>d ( ea* c\ld be se51 j level ) ! cre/ ( ! int]v5+ wave1 f ! deck ( ! o!r4 ,! night1 :i* n[ began to draw 91 r5d]$ _! condition1 if possible1 m hopeless & helpless ?an be=e2 b at midnight ! sn[1 :i* _h be5 fall+ ?ickly = sev]al h\rs1 cle>$ away1 z ! w9d sudd5ly %ift$ to ! we/w>d2 ! swell began to subside1 & ! %ocks :i* ! %ips /ill su/a9$1 ?\gh /rong en\gh to %att] any vessel less /rongly ribb$1 7 feeble comp>$ ) ^? to :i* !y _h be5 expos$4 ,on ! foll[+ day1 ! w9d hav+ mod]at$ to a fre% breeze1 ! crippl$ %ips1 ^: rudd]s _h be5 sorely %att]$1 7 securely moor$ to a l>ge floe-piece 9 ! n[ almo/ motionless pack1 :]e1 by d9t ( unceas+ labor1 ! damages 7 repair$ 9 ! c\rse ( a week1 & ! vessels once m fitt$ to fight _! way to ! s\?4 ,on ,febru>y #bb ! great b>ri] 0 se5 f ! ma/-head1 j be=e midnight1 & ! foll[+ day1 ! w9d bl[+ directly on to its cliffs1 !y approa*$ x )9 a mile & a half1 9 lat4 #gh #aa1 ! highe/ ev] atta9$ 9 ! s\!rn hemisph]e4 ,f ?is po9t1 situat$ ab\t #e ( longitude f>!r to ! ea/ ?an ! ind5tation :]e ! %ips _h s n>r[ly escap$ be+ froz5 fa/ 9 ! prec$+ ye>1 ! b>ri] tr5d$ consid]ably to ! nor?w>d ( ea/1 s t ,ross 0 oblig$ to give up all hope ( r\nd+ x1 & ext5d+ 8 explorations t[>ds ! pole1 z ! season 0 already consid]ably advanc$4 ,on 8 return voyage to ! ,falkl&s1 :]e he int5d$ to pass ! w9t]1 he _h already rea*$ ! latitude ( #fj1 & ?\ght himself out ( dang] ( meet+ ) b]gs1 :51 9 ! aft]noon ( ,m>* #ab1 ! s\!rly w9d *ang$ to a /rong nor?-we/]ly breeze4 ,9 ! ev5+ ! w9d increas$ s mu*1 & ! sn[-%[]s became s incessant1 t he 0 oblig$ to proce$ "u m mod]ate sail4 ,small pieces ( ice 7 also met )1 w>n+ him ( ! pres5ce ( b]gs1 conceal$ by ! ?ickly-fall+ sn[1 s t be=e midnight he direct$ ! topsails ( ! 8,erebus0 to be close-reef$1 & e arrangem5t made = r\nd+ to until daylight1 deem+ x too haz>d\s to run any long]4 8,our p10 says ! gallant explor]1 8_h h>dly complet$ ^! op]ations1 :5 a l>ge b]g 0 se5 ahead & q close2 ! %ip 0 imm$iately haul$ to ! w9d on ! port tack1 ) ! expectation ( be+ able to wea!r x2 b j at ?is mom5t ! #8,t]ror' 0 obs]v$ runn+ d[n ^u u1 "u h] topsail & =esail2 & z x 0 impossible = h] to cle> bo? ! b]g & ! #8,erebus1' collision 0 inevitable4 ,we in/antly hove all aback to dim9i% ! viol5ce ( ! %ock2 b ! concussion :5 %e /ruck u 0 su* z to ?r[ almo/ e "o (f 8 feet2 our b[sprit1 =etopma/1 & o!r small] sp>s1 7 c>ri$ away1 & ! %ips hang+ toge!r entangl$ by _! rigg+1 & da%+ aga9/ ea* o!r ) fe>ful viol5ce1 7 fall+ d[n ^u ! wea!r face ( ! l(ty b]g "u our lee1 aga9/ :i* ! waves 7 break+ & foam+ to ne> ! summit ( its p]p5dicul> cliffs4 ,sometimes ! #8,t]ror' rose high above u1 almo/ expos+ h] keel to view1 & aga9 desc5d$1 z we 9 our turn rose to ! top ( ! wave1 ?reat5+ to bury h] b5ea? u1 :il/ ! cra%+ ( ! break+ upp]-works & boats increas$ ! horror ( ! sc5e4 ,provid5tially ! %ips gradually sep>at$ be=e we drift$ d[n among/ ! foam+ break]s1 & we _h ! gratification ( see+ ! #8,t]ror' cle> ! end ( ! b]g1 & ( feel+ t %e 0 safe4 ,b %e left u completely disabl$2 ! wreck ( ! sp>s s encumb]$ ! l[] y>d t we 7 unable to make sail s z to get headway on ! %ip2 nor _h we room to we> r\nd1 be+ by ?is "t s close to ! b]g t ! waves1 :5 !y /ruck aga9/ x1 ?rew back _! spray into ! %ip4 ,! only way left to u to extricate ourselves f ?is awful & appall+ situation 0 by resort+ to ! haz>d\s exp$i5t ( a /]n bo>d1 :i* no?+ c\ld ju/ify dur+ su* a gale b to av]t ! dang] :i* e mom5t ?reat5$ u ( be+ da%$ to pieces4 ,! heavy roll+ ( ! vessel1 & ! probability ( ! ma/s giv+ away ea* "t ! l[] y>d-arms /ruck aga9/ ! cliffs1 :i* 7 t[]+ high above our ma/-heads1 r5d]$ x a s]vice ( extreme dang] to loose ! ma9sail2 b no soon] 0 ! ord] giv51 ?an ! d>+ _s ( ! ,briti% seaman manife/$ itself--! m5 ran up ! rigg+ ) z mu* alacrity z on any ord9>y occasion2 &1 al?\gh m ?an once driv5 (f ! y>d1 !y aft] a %ort "t succe$$ 9 loos+ ! sail4 ,amid/ ! ro> ( ! w9d & sea1 x 0 difficult bo? to he> & to execute ! ord]s t 7 giv51 s t x 0 ?ree-qu>t]s ( an h\r be=e we c\ld get ! y>ds brac$ by2 & ! ma9 tack haul$ on bo>d %>p aback--an exp$i5t t p]haps _h nev] be=e be5 resort$ to by seam5 9 su* wea!r2 b x _h ! desir$ effect2 ! %ip ga!r$ /]nway1 plung+ h] /]n into ! sea1 & ) h] l[] y>d-arms scrap+ ! rugg$ face ( ! b]g1 we 9 a few m9utes rea*$ its we/]n t]m9ation2 ! #8"u-t[1' z x is call$1 or ! reaction ( ! wat] f its v]tical cliffs1 alone prev5t+ u be+ driv5 to atoms aga9/ x4 ,no soon] _h we cle>$ x ?an ano!r 0 se5 directly a/]n ( u1 aga9/ :i* we 7 runn+2 & ! difficulty n[ 0 to get ! %ip's head turn$ r\nd & po9t$ fairly ?r\gh betwe5 ! two b]gs1 ! bread? ( ! int]v5+ space n exce$+ ?ree times h] own bread?4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 we happily accompli%$2 & 9 a few m9utes1 aft] gett+ be=e ! w9d1 %e da%$ ?r\gh ! n>r[ *annel betwe5 two p]p5dicul> walls ( ice1 & ! foam+ break]s :i* /ret*$ across x1 & ! next mom5t we 7 9 smoo? wat] "u its lee4 ,! #8,t]ror's' light 0 imm$iately se5 & answ]$2 %e _h r\nd$ to1 wait+ = u4441 &1 z soon z day broke1 we _h ! gratification ( le>n+ t %e _h n suff]$ any s]i\s damage40 ,on ,decemb] #ag ,sir ,james ,ross sail$ f ! ,falkl& ,isl&s1 ) ! int5tion ( foll[+ ! track ( ,w$dell1 z1 f ! acc\nt ( t d>+ navigator1 he _h e reason to expect to f9d a cle> sea1 :i* w\ld enable him consid]ably to ext5d ! limits ( geographical k t[>ds ! pole4 ,he 0 disappo9t$1 = ?\gh he discov]$ "s new l& 7#fc-fd #cj ,s4 lat41 #ee-eg ,w4 long47 to ! s\? ( ,d',urville's ,t]re ,l\is ,philippe1 yet ! pack-ice s block$ 8 progress t ! f>!/ po9t he c\ld atta9 0 9 lat4 #ga #cj ,s41 long4 #ad #ea ,w4 ,on ,m>* #a he recross$ ! ,ant>ctic ,circle1 & on ! #bh? ( ! same mon? dropp$ 8 an*ors at ! ,cape4 ,?us end$ ?is mo/ rem>kable voyage1 s honorable to all engag$ 9 x1 =1 z ,sir ,john ,ri*>dson ju/ly rem>ks1 8! p]sev]ance1 d>+1 & coolness ( ! comm&+ (fic]1 ( ! o!r (fic]s1 & ( ! crews ( ! #8,erebus' & #8,t]ror1' 0 nev] surpass$1 & h be5 r>ely1 if ev]1 equall$ by seam5 ( any nation40 ,s9ce !n ! 8,pagoda10 :i* _h be5 s5t out by ! ,admiralty = ! purpose ( obs]v+ magnetic ph5om5a 9 a qu>t] ( ! ,ant>ctic ,seas t _h n be5 visit$ by ,sir ,james ,ross1 atta9$ ! #gc;d p>allel1 b no m rec5t exp$ition has be5 fitt$ out to prosecute 8 discov]ies1 & no man aft] him has se5 ,m\nt ,erebus vomit+ =? its torr5ts ( flame1 or trac$ ! /up5d\s b>ri] :i* /opp$ 8 progress to ! pole4 ,illu/ration3 #abc4 ,,/rait ,,( ,,magellan4 ,,*apt] ,,xxxix4 ,,! ,,/rait ,,( ,,magellan4 ,description ( ! ,/rait4--,we/]n ,entrance4--,po9t ,dung5ess4-- ,! ,n>r[s4--,sa9t ,philip's ,bay4--,cape ,fr[>d4--,gr& ,sc5]y4--,port ,fam9e4--,! ,s$g] ,riv]4--,d>w9's ,asc5t ( ,m\nt ,t>n4--,! ,ba*elor ,riv]4--,engli% ,rea*4--,sea ,rea*4-- ,s\? ,desolation4--,h>bor ( ,m]cy4--,williwaws4--,discov]y ( ! ,/rait by ,magellan 7,octob] #bj1 #aeba74--;,drake4--,s>mi5to4-- ,cav5di%4--,s*\t5 & ,le ,maire4--,byron4--,b\ga9ville4-- ,wallis & ,c>t]et4--,k+ & ,fitzroy4--,settlem5t at ,punta ,ar5as4--,increas+ ,passage ?r\gh ! ,/rait4--,a future ,highway ( ,comm]ce4 ,! celebrat$ /rait :i* be>s ! "n ( ,magellan is g5]ally pictur$ z ! sc5e ( a wild & dre>y desolation2 b ?\gh its climate is f> f be+ g5ial1 & its skies are (t5 veil$ ) mi/s & ra91 yet nature c smile ev5 "h4 ,a glance at ! map %[s u ! extreme irregul>ity ( its =mation1 z x is con/antly *ang+ 9 wid? & direction2 n[ swell+ almo/ to ! magnitude ( a ,m$it]ranean ,sea1 & !n aga9 contract+ to a n>r[ passage2 sometimes tak+ a rapid turn to ! nor?1 & at o!rs z sudd5ly deviat+ to ! s\?4 ,isl&s & islets ( e =m--"s m]e nak$ rocks1 o!rs clo!d ) umbrage\s woods--are scatt]$ ov] its surface2 promontories )\t numb]1 f ! ,patagonian ma9l& or ! ,fuegian ar*ipelago1 protrude _! bold fronts into its bosom1 z if ) ! int5tion ( clos+ x altoge!r2 & c\ntless bays & hav5s are scoop$ into its rocky %ores1 z if ! sea 9 a ?\s& diff]5t places _h /riv5 to op5 a new passage to h] wat]s4 ,! we/]n entrance ( ?is rem>kable /rait is =m$ by ,que5 ,ca!r9e's ,=el& 7,cape ,virg9s7 & ,po9t ,dung5ess1 ! latt] hav+ be5 ?us nam$ f its resemblance to ! well-kn[n ,k5ti% promontory at ! ea/]n m\? ( ! *annel4 ,al?\gh x rises at mo/ n9e feet above l[-wat] m>k1 ! sn[-:ite break]s :i* ! tides are con/antly da%+ ov] its sides r5d] x visible f a great di/ance4 ,x is g5]ally ! resort ( a numb] ( sea-lions4 ,:5 ! w9d comes bl[+ f ! nor?-ea/1 ! pass+ m>9]-- :o1 f ! %all[ nature ( ! %ore1 is oblig$ to keep at "s di/ance f ! ,ness--he>s _! ho>se bell[+1 :i* h>monizes well ) ! wild & desolate "* ( ! sc5e4 ,albatrosses & petrels hov] ab\t !m1 :ile r[s ( grave-look+ p5gu9s seem to contemplate _! do+s ) philosophic indiff]5ce4 ,beyond ^! promontories ! /rait wid5s into ,possession ,bay1 :i* at ,punta ,delgada & ,cape ,orange contracts to a n>r[ passage4 ,?is leads into a wide bas91 to :i* ! ,spani>ds h giv5 ! "n ( ,sa9t ,philip's ,bay1 & :i* aga9 t]m9ates 9 a second n>r[ passage or *annel1 a =mation resembl+ on a small scale ! ,sea ( ,m>mora1 :i*1 z we all "k1 has likewise ! semblance ( a lake1 receiv+ & dis*>g+ its wat]s ?r\gh ! ,d>danelles & ! ,/rait ( ,con/ant9ople4 ,dur+ ! ris+ ( ! flood1 a /rong curr5t fl[s ?r\gh all ^! bays & n>r[s f ! we/1 s z to all[ %ips an easy passage1 ev5 aga9/ ! w9d2 b dur+ ebb tide ! curr5t turns to ! ea/1 s t at ?is "t a vessel1 ev5 :5 favor$ by ! w9d1 makes b little progress1 or is ev5 oblig$ to an*or to avoid los+ gr\nd4 ,:5 ,magellan1 aft] sail+ r\nd ,cape ,virg9s1 p5etrat$ into ! /rait1 ?is circum/ance at once conv9c$ t great navigator t he 0 n 9 an inclos$ bay1 b 9 an op5 *annel1 :i* w\ld lead him into ano!r ocean4 ,?us f> ! c\ntry on bo? sides ( ! /rait consi/s ( ne>ly level pla9s1 l ^? ( ,patagonia2 b beyond ! second ,n>r[s ! l& beg9s to assume ! m bold & picturesque appe>ance :i* is *>act]i/ic ( ,ti]ra del ,fuego4 ,m\nta9s rise above m\nta9s ) deep int]v5+ valleys1 all cov]$ by "o ?ick1 dusky mass ( =e/2 :ile f>!r to ! ea/ sc>cely a bu% clo!s ! nak$ soil4 ,! trees rea* to an elevation ( betwe5 #ajjj & #aejj feet1 & are succe$$ by a b& ( peat1 ) m9ute ,alp9e plants1 & ?is aga9 is succe$$ by ! l9e ( p]petual sn[1 :i*1 accord+ to ,capta9 ,k+1 desc5ds to betwe5 #cjjj & #djjj feet4 ,! f9e/ sc5]y ab\t ! ,/rait ( ,magellan is und\bt$ly to ! ea/ ( ,cape ,fr[>d1 ! mo/ s\!rly po9t ( ! ma9l& ( ,s\? ,am]ica4 ,?is promontory1 :i* consi/s ( a /eep mass ( rock ab\t #hjj feet high1 abutt+ f a m\nta9 *a9 ( ab\t #bjjj or #cjjj feet 9 height1 =ms ! b\nd>y betwe5 two v diff]5t climates1 = to ! ea/ ! wea!r is f9] & m agreeable ?an to ! we/1 :]e w9d & ra9 are almo/ p]petual4 ,on ! ,patagonian pla9s1 ! dr\ght & ! want ( protection aga9/ ! pi]c+ w9ds almo/ entirely imp$e vegetation2 b ! c\ntry betwe5 ,cape ,negro--a little )9 ! second ,n>r[s--& ,cape ,fr[>d1 or ! ea/]n %ore ( ,brunswick ,p59sula1 is %ield$ by its situation aga9/ ! almo/ p]petual /orms f ! we/1 & enjoys1 moreov]1 a suffici5cy ( ra91 & n[ & !n s]5e wea!r4 ,z1 moreov]1 ! soil 9 ?is c5tral "p ( ! /rait consi/s ( dis9tegrat$ clay-slate1 :i* is mo/ favorable to ! gr[? ( trees1 ! =e/s1 f all ^! causes1 are f9] "h ?an any:]e else4 ,! c\ntry ab\t ,port ,fam9e is p>ticul>ly di/+ui%$ = ! ri*ness ( its vegetation2 & bo? = ?is reason1 & f its c5tral situation1 ?is h>bor has become a k9d ( *ief /ation = ! %ips t pass ?r\gh ! /rait4 ,sev]al un=tunate attempts at colonization h be5 made at ,port ,fam9e2 "h _m a naturali/ has t>ri$1 & ?us no "p ( ! /rait has be5 (t5] describ$ or m accurately obs]v$4 8,! an*orage10 says ,dumont d',urville1 :o1 9 ,decemb]1 #ahcg1 sp5t sev]al days at ,port ,fam9e1 8is excell5t1 & l&+ ev]y:]e easy4 ,a f9e rivulet gives u excell5t wat]1 & ! neighbor+ =e/s might furni% :ole fleets ) ! necess>y fuel4 ,! cliffs along ! %ore are lit]ally cov]$ ) mussels1 limpets1 & :elks1 :i* af=d a delici\s v>iety ( f>e to a crew tir$ ( salt beef & peas4 ,among ! plants ,i notic$ ) pleasure a species ( cel]y1 :i*1 ) ano!r h]b resembl+ our corn fl[] 9 =m & ta/e1 gives promise ( an excell5t salad4 8,i made use ( my fir/ leisure to visit ! romantic banks ( ! ,s$g] ,riv]1 :i* dis*>ges its wat]s on ! we/]n side ( ! port4 ,at its m\? ! swampy /r& is completely cov]$ ) enorm\s trees heap$ ^u ! gr\nd4 ,^! nak$ giants1 /ripp$ ( _! bran*es1 af=d a rem>kable spectacle3 !y might be tak5 = huge bones blea*$ by "t4 ,no d\bt !y are transport$ f ! neighbor+ =e/ by ! wat]s ( ! riv]1 :i*1 :5 x ov]fl[s its banks1 aft] a deluge ( ra91 te>s along ) x ! trees x meets ) 9 its c\rse4 ,arre/$ by ! b> at ! m\? ( ! /ream1 !y are ca/ out ^u its banks1 :]e !y rema9 :5 ! wat]s s9k to _! usual level4 8,hav+ cross$ ! riv]1 ,i ent]$ ! l>ge & f9e =e/ ) :i* x is bord]$4 ,! *ief tree is ! ,ant>ctic bee* 7,fagus betuloides71 :i* is (t5 f sixty to n9ety feet high1 & ab\t ?ree feet 9 diamet]4 ,along ) ?is are two o!r trees1 ! w9t]'s b>k 7,w9t]ia aromatica71 & a species ( b]b]is1 ) a v solid wood2 b !y are mu* less abundant1 & ( a mu* small] size4 ,) ! exception ( mosses1 li*5s1 & o!r plants ( ?is ord]1 ^! =e/s af=d b little t is int]e/+ to ! naturali/--no quadrup$s1 no reptiles1 no l&-snails2 a few insects & "s birds are ! only specim5s to be ga9$ aft] a long se>*4 ,aft] collect+ a good supply ( mosses & li*5s1 ,i return$ to ! boat = ! purpose ( r[+ up ! riv]4 ,al?\gh ! curr5t 0 tol]ably rapid1 we advanc$ ab\t two miles1 admir+ ! beauty ( its umbrage\s banks4 ,on my return ,i %ot two geese t 7 cross+ ! riv] ov] our heads1 & ^: excell5t meat amply suppli$ my table = sev]al days4 ,?is1 toge!r ) ! little gobies :i* 7 abundantly caught ) h&-l9es1 ! l>ge mussels we deta*$ f ! rocks1 & ! cel]y-salad1 gave me d9n]s fit = an ald]man4 ,h[ (t5 s9ce h ,i regrett$ ! pl5ty ( ,port ,fam9e60 ,9 ! mon? ( ,febru>y 7#ahcd71 9 ! height ( ! ,ant>ctic summ]1 ,mr4 ,d>w9 asc5d$ ,m\nt ,t>n1 :i* is #bfjj feet high1 & ! mo/ elevat$ po9t 9 ! vic9ity ( ,port ,fam9e4 8,! =e/10 says our great naturali/1 8comm5ces at ! l9e ( high-wat] m>k1 & dur+ ! fir/ two h\rs ,i gave ov] all hopes ( rea*+ ! summit4 ,s ?ick 0 ! wood t x 0 necess>y to h con/ant rec\rse to ! compass1 = e l&m>k1 ?\gh 9 a m\nta9\s c\ntry1 0 completely %ut out4 ,9 ! deep rav9es ! dea?-l sc5e ( desolation exce$$ all description2 outside x 0 bl[+ a gale1 b 9 ^! holl[s n ev5 a brea? ( w9d /irr$ ! leaves ( ! talle/ trees4 ,s gloomy1 cold1 & wet 0 e "p1 t n ev5 ! fungi1 mosses1 or f]ns c\ld fl\ri%4 ,9 ! valleys x 0 sc>cely possible to crawl along1 !y 7 s completely b>ricad$ by great m\ld]+ trunks1 :i* _h fall5 d[n 9 e direction4 ,:5 pass+ ov] ^! natural bridges1 "o's c\rse 0 (t5 arre/$ by s9k+ knee-deep into ! rott5 wood2 at o!r times1 :5 attempt+ to lean aga9/ a tree1 "o 0 />tl$ by f9d+ a mass ( decay$ matt]1 ready to fall at ! slighte/ t\*4 ,we at la/ f\nd ourselves among ! /unt$ trees1 & !n soon rea*$ ! b>e ridge1 :i* conduct$ u to ! summit4 ,"h 0 a view *>act]i/ic ( ,ti]ra del ,fuego2 irregul> *a9s ( hills1 mottl$ ) pat*es ( sn[1 deep yell[i%-gre5 valleys1 & arms ( ! sea int]sect+ ! l& 9 _m directions4 ,! /rong w9d 0 pi]c+ly cold1 & ! atmosph]e r hazy1 s t we did n /ay long on ! top ( ! m\nta94 ,our desc5t 0 n q s labori\s z our asc5t2 = ! weight ( ! body =c$ a passage1 & all ! slips & falls 7 9 ! "r direction40 ,to ! we/ ( ,cape ,fr[>d ! /rait ext5ds 9 a nor?-we/]ly1 almo/ rectil9e> direction1 until x f9ally op5s into ! ,pacific1 betwe5 ,cape ,pill> & ,cape ,victory4 ,"h a day r>ely passes )\t ra91 hail1 or sn[4 ,:]e ! dreadful p[] ( ! prevail+ w9ds has free play1 ! m\nta9 sides are nak$ & b>e1 b 9 e %elt]$ nook ! damp climate produces a luxuriant vegetation4 ,! trees1 h[ev]1 d n atta9 any great height1 & at ,port ,gallant ! bee* is already decid$ly /unt$ 9 its gr[?4 ,?is is no d\bt caus$ by ! excessive humidity ( ! soil1 :i* 9 all l[] situations is conv]t$ by ! cont9ual ra9s into a deep morass4 ,! trunks & ! bran*es are cov]$ ) a ?ick lay] ( moss1 & ! tree becomes rott5 9 its y\?4 ,b _m %rubs1 h]bs1 & mosses ?rive "u ! p]petual deluge2 ! latt] p>ticul>ly1 cov]+ l>ge pat*es ( gr\nd ) a spongy c>pet4 ,x may easily be imag9$ h[ difficult1 or r impossible x mu/ be to p5etrate into ! int]ior ( su* a c\ntry4 ,yet ev5 ^! wild inhospitable regions c boa/ ( _m a romantic sc5e4 ,?us ! ,engli% ,rea*1 :i* ext5ds f ,cape ,fr[>d to ,c>los ,isl&1 is b\nd$ on bo? sides by l(ty m\nta9s1 _! cones or jagg$ peaks cov]$ ) et]nal sn[4 ,its s\!rn bank1 =m$ by ,cl>5ce ,isl&1 is int]sect$ ) bays & *annels1 two ( :i*1 ,magdal5a ,s\nd & ,b>b>a ,*annel1 lead ?r\gh a maze ( isl&s into ! op5 sea4 ,sev]al glaci]s desc5d 9 a w9d+ c\rse f ! upp] great expanse ( sn[ to ! sea-coa/1 & _m a cascade comes da%+ d[n f rock to rock4 ,skogman#bd draws an en?usia/ic picture ( ! beauty ( ,york ,roads ne> ! m\? ( ! small ,ba*elor ,riv]4 ,to ! s\?1 beh9d ,c>los ,isl&1 m\nta9s rise above m\nta9s1 & sn[-fields above sn[-fields2 to ! nor? lies ! jagg$ colossus1 :i* f its solit>y gr&eur has be5 call$ ,ba*elor ,peak1 & at ^: foot ! cry/al riv] n[ hides itself b5ea? a %ady wood1 & n[ rolls its cry/al wat]s ?r\gh a gre5 lawn1 decorat$ ) clumps ( fu*sias4 ,b 9 spite ( its romantic beauty1 ! want ( life gives a melan*oly "* to ?is solit>y vale4 ,beyond ,c>los ,isl& 9 ,long ,rea*1 ! banks ( ! /rait become yet m b>e & desolate4 ,vegetation desc5ds l[] & l[] into ! valleys1 & ev5 "h ! trees are mis%ap5 & dw>fi%4 ,b ! m\nta9 sc5]y has /ill all ! maje/y :i* sn[-fields & glaci]s ( a b]yl-l blue imp>t to an ,alp9e l&scape4 ,z ,sea ,rea* %[s itself1 vegetation is almo/ totally ext9ct1 & on approa*+ ! m\? ( ! /rait1 ! m\nta9s become l[]1 _! =ms are less picturesque1 & in/ead ( ! /]n gr&eur :i* m>ks ! middle "p ( ! /rait1 l[1 r\nd$1 b>r5 hills make _! appe>ance1 :i* completely ju/ify ! "n ( ,s\? ,desolation1 :i* ,sir ,james ,n>bor\gh gave to ?is coa/1 8because x 0 s desolate a l& to behold40 ,x may easily be imag9$ t ! prevail+ w9ds beyond ,cape ,fr[>d are extremely tr\blesome to %ips sail+ to ! we/]n m\? ( ! /rait1 & t if n entirely beat5 back1 !y c frequ5tly only =ce ! passage aft] _m ef=ts4 ,=tunately1 ! deeply ind5t$ coa/s possess a numb] ( small hav5s :i* may s]ve ! m>9] z /ations dur+ 8 gradual advance4 ,?us1 close to ! m\? ( ! /rait1 :]e1 betwe5 ,cape ,victory & ,cape ,pill>1 ! sea dur+ & aft] /orms is s boi/]\s t ev5 /eam]s require _! utmo/ /r5g? n to be da%$ aga9/ ! rocks1 a secure port1 appropriately call$ 8,h>bor ( ,m]cy10 all[s ! vessels to wat* = m tranquil wea!r1 & to seize ! fir/ favorable opportunity = em]g+ into ! op5 sea4 ,b ev5 ^! h>bors & bays are subject to peculi> dang]s f sudd5 gu/s ( w9d t come sweep+ d[n f ! m\nta9s1 & are kn[n among ! seal-cat*]s :o frequ5t ^! dang]\s wat]s "u ! "n ( williwaws1 or hurricane squalls4 ,= :5 ! wild s\?-we/ /orms come ru%+ aga9/ ! m\nta9-masses ( ,ti]ra del ,fuego1 ! compress$ air precipitates itself ) r$\bl$ viol5ce ov] ! rock-walls1 & !n sudd5ly exp&+1 fl[s d[n ! valleys or gullies1 te>+ up trees by ! roots1 & hurl+ rocks into ! abyss4 ,:]e su* a gu/ ( w9d t\*es ! surface ( ! wat]1 ! sea surges 9 mighty waves1 & volumes ( spray are :irl$ away to a va/ di/ance4 ,if a %ip comes "u its influ5ce1 its safety dep5ds ma9ly ^u ! /r5g? ( its an*or ropes4 ,"s situations are p>ticul>ly subject to williwaws1 & !n ! total want ( vegetation & ! evid5t m>ks ( ru9 along ! m\nta9 slopes w>n ! m>9] to avoid ! neighborhood4 ,9 ,gabriel ,*annel ,capta9 ,k+ saw a spot :]e ! williwaws1 bur/+ ov] ! m\nta9s on ! s\? side1 _h swept d[n ! declivities1 & !n ru%+ aga9/ ! foot ( ! opposite hills1 _h aga9 da%$ upw>d ) su* fury z to c>ry away ) !m e ?+ t c\ld possibly be atta*$ f ! b>e rock4 ,x 0 a memorable day 9 ! annals ( m>itime discov]y 7,octob] #bj1 #aeba7 :5 ,magellan rea*$ ! ea/]n entrance ( ! /rait t 0 to lead him1 fir/ ( all ,european navigators1 f ! broad bas9 ( ! ,atlantic into ! /ill wid] expanse ( ! ,pacific ,ocean4 ,x 0 ! day d$icat$ 9 ! ,ca?olic cal5d> to ,/4 ,ursula & h] elev5 ?\s& virg9s1 & he consequ5tly nam$ ! promontory :i* fir/ /ruck 8 view 8,cabo de las ,virg9es40 ,! flood tide1 /ream+ viol5tly to ! we/1 conv9c$ him t he 0 at ! m\? ( an op5 *annel1 b he _h sc>cely provisions = ?ree mon?s--a %ort all[ance = v5tur+ into an unkn[n _w1 & ?us be=e he attempt$ ! passage he convok$ a c\ncil ( all 8 (fic]s4 ,"s 7 = an imm$iate return to ,europe1 b ! majority vot$ = ! cont9uation ( ! voyage1 & ,magellan decl>$ t %\ld !y ev5 be r$uc$ to eat ! lea!r ( _! %oes he w\ld p]sev]e to ! la/1 & ) ,god's assi/ance execute ! comm&s ( 8 imp]ial ma/] ,*>les ,v4 ,he !n at once gave ord]s to ent] ! /rait full sail1 & on pa9 ( dea? =bade any "o to say a ^w m ab\t a return or ! want ( provisions4 ,=tunately ! w9ds 7 9 8 favor1 = _h ! usual inclem5cies ( ?is /ormy region oppos$ him1 !re is no d\bt t ) su* crazy vessels1 & su* discont5t$ crews1 all 8 h]oism w\ld h fail$ to insure success4 ,x 0 ! spr+ ( ! s\!rn hemisph]e1 & ! /rait %[$ itself 9 "o ( its r>e aspects ( calm4 ,_m fi% 7 caught1 &1 z ,pigafetti1 ! hi/orian ( ! voyage1 relates1 ! aromatic w9t]'s b>k :i* s]v$ !m = fuel 8wond]fully refre%$ & invigorat$ _! spirits40 ,! fires k9dl$ by ! savages on ! s\!rn side dur+ ! night induc$ ,magellan to give t "p ( ! c\ntry ! "n ( ,ti]ra del ,fuego1 or ,firel&2 :ile f _! high /ature & bulky frames1 he call$ ! inhabitants ( ! opposite ma9l& ,patagonians 7patagon be+ ! ,spani% augm5tative ( pata1 foot74 ,al?\gh sev]al days 7 lo/ 9 explor+ "s ( ! num]\s passages & bays ( ! /raits1 its ea/]n m\? 0 rea*$ on ,novemb] #bh1 & ,magellan saw ! wide ,pacific exp& be=e him4 ,9 #aebe ,*>les ,v4 s5t out a new exp$ition ( six vessels1 "u ,g>cia de ,loaisa1 to circumnavigate ! globe4 ,! vice-admiral ( ! squadron 0 ,seba/ian el ,cano1 :o1 aft] ! dea? ( ,magellan1 _h br\ght ! illu/ri\s navigator's %ip safely back to ,europe1 & z a rew>d _h be5 ennobl$ ) ! globe 9 8 coat ( arms1 & ! motto18,primus circumd$i/i me40 ,loaisa ent]$ ! /rait on ,janu>y #bf1 #aebf1 b he 0 beat5 back by /orms z f> z ! ,riv] ,santa ,cruz4 ,on ,april #h he once m attempt$ ! passage1 & em]g$ into ! ,pacific on ,may #be4 ,simon de ,alcazaba1 :o 9 #aecd attempt$ to pass ! ,magellans ) a numb] ( emigrants = ,p]u1 0 less successful1 b 9 #aeci1 ,alfonso de ,cam>go1 hav+ lo/ two vessels 9 ! /rait1 pass$ x ) ! ?ird1 & rea*$ ! port ( ,callao4 ,until n[ ! ,spani% flag _h alone be5 se5 9 ^! remote & solit>y wat]s1 b ! "t 0 come :5 !y 7 to op5 a passage to its mo/ invet]ate foes4 ,on ,augu/ #bj1 #aegi1 ,francis ,drake1 commission$ by ,que5 ,elizabe? to plund] & de/roy ! ,spani% settlem5ts on ! we/ coa/ ( ,am]ica1 ran into ! /rait1 & on ,decemb] #f salli$ =? into ! ,pacific4 ,to meet ?is =midable enemy1 ! ,vic]oy ( ,p]u s5t out 9 ! same ye> two %ips "u ,p$ro ,s>mi5to de ,gamboa4 ,8 ord]s 7 to int]cept ,drake's passage ?r\gh ! /rait & !n to sail on to ,spa94 ,?\gh he fail$ 9 ! object ( 8 mission1 yet ,s>mi5to display$ 9 ! navigation ( ! intricate & dang]\s passages along ! s\?-we/ coa/ ( ,am]ica1 ! c\rage & skill ( a consummate seaman1 & he gave ! fir/ exact & detail$ acc\nt ( ! l& & wat]s ( ,fuegia4 ,8 voyage1 accord+ to ! weighty te/imony ( ,capta9 ,k+1 des]ves to be not$ z "o ( ! mo/ useful ( ! age 9 :i* x 0 p]=m$4 ,on 8 arrival 9 ,spa91 ,s>mi5to /rongly po9t$ out ! necessity ( e/abli%+ a colony & erect+ a =t 9 ! /rait 7at t "t ! only kn[n passage to ! ,pacific71 s z effectually to prev5t ! recurr5ce ( a future ho/ile exp$ition l t ( ,drake4 ,commission$ by ,philip ,,ii4 to c>ry 8 plans into execution1 he f\nd$ a colony1 to :i* he gave ! "n ( ,ciudad de ,san ,felipe1 b a s]ies ( disa/]s entirely de/roy$ x2 & :51 a few ye>s lat]1 ,cav5di%1 :o _h fitt$ out ?ree %ips at 8 own exp5se to imitate ! example ( ,drake1 appe>$ 9 ! /rait1 he f\nd b ?ree survivors ( _m hundr$s1 & gave ! sc5e ( _! mis]y ! appropriate "n ( ,port ,fam9e1 :i* x has reta9$ to ! pres5t day4 ,aft] ,cav5di% & ,hawk9s 7#aeid71 ! ,dut* navigators ,de ,cordes 7#aeii71 ,oliv] ,van ,noort 7#aeii71 & ,spilb]g 7#afae71 attempt$1 ) m or less success1 to sail ?r\gh ! /rait ) ! int5tion ( h>ass+ & plund]+ ! ,spani>ds on ! coa/ ( ! ,pacific4 ,/range to say1 no attempt _h be5 made s9ce ,magellan to discov] a passage f>!r to ! s\?1 s univ]sal & firmly e/abli%$ 0 ! belief t ,fuegia ext5d$ )\t int]ruption to ! regions ( et]nal ice1 until at l5g?1 9 #afaf1 ! ,dut*m5 ,s*\t5 & ,le ,maire discov]$ ! passage r\nd ,cape ,horn4 ,two ye>s lat] ,g>cia de ,nodales sail$ ?r\gh ! ,/rait ( ,le ,maire1 &1 return+ ?r\gh ! ,magellans into ! ,atlantic1 0 ?us ! fir/ circumnavigator ( ,fuegia4 ,9 #affi1 ,sir ,john ,n>bor\gh hav+ be5 s5t out by ,k+ ,*>les ,,ii4 to explore ! ,magellanic regions1 furni%$ a good g5]al *>t ( ! /rait1 & _m plans ( ! an*orage )9 x4 ,m ?an sixty ye>s n[ elaps$ be=e any exp$ition ( hi/orical r5[n made its appe>ance 9 ! /rait4 ,! dang]s & h>d%ips :i* _h assail$ ! previ\s navigators disc\rag$ _! successors1 :o all pref]r$ ! circuit\s way r\nd ,cape ,horn to ! %ort] b1 z x 0 at t "t consid]$1 m p]il\s r\te ?r\gh ! /rait4 ,aft] ?is long pause1 ,byron 7,decemb]1 #agfd7 & ,b\ga9ville 7,febru>y1 #agfe7 once m attempt$ ! ,magellans4 ,! difficulties enc\nt]$ by !m 7 surpass$ by ^? ( ,wallis & ,c>t]et4 ,! =m] sp5t ne>ly f\r mon?s 7f ,decemb] #ag1 #agff1 to ,april #aa1 #agfg7 9 a p]petual conflict ) /ormy wea!r :ile sl[ly creep+ ?r\gh ! /rait2 & ! latt] requir$ eighty-f\r days = 8 passage f ,port ,fam9e to ,cape ,pill>4 ,no wond] t ! next circumnavigators1 ,ltke1 ,krus5/]n1 ,kotzebue1 pref]r$ sail+ r\nd ,cape ,horn1 & t adv5tur\s seal-hunt]s became = a long "t ! sole visitors ( ^! ill-fam$ wat]s4 ,at l5g? ! ,briti% ,gov]nm5t came to a resolution wor?y ( ,engl&1 & resolv$ to h ! ,magellanic regions c>efully survey$1 & to conqu] !m1 z x 71 anew = geographical sci5ce4 ,"u ! comm& ( ,capta9 ,k+1 ! 8,adv5ture0 & ! 8,beagle0 7 engag$ 9 ?is ardu\s task f #ahbf to #ahcj3 b su* 7 ! dang]s !y _h to enc\nt]1 t ,capta9 ,/okes1 ! second 9 comm&1 aft] cont5d+ = f\r mon?s ) ! /orms & curr5ts :i* frequ5tly ?reat5$ to da% 8 vessel aga9/ ! cliffs1 became s %att]$ 9 m9d & body1 t aft] 8 return to ,port ,fam9e he committ$ suicide 9 a fit ( melan*oly4 ,f #ahca to #ahcd ,capta9 ,fitzroy 0 engag$ 9 complet+ ! survey ( ,patagonia & ,ti]ra del ,fuego1 & ! result ( all ^! labors 0 a collection ( *>ts & plans :i* h r5d]$ navigation 9 ^? p>ts z safe z c be expect$ 9 ! mo/ tempe/u\s region ( ! globe4 ,:ile =m]ly ! passage r\nd ,cape ,horn 0 univ]sally pref]r$1 ! m accurate k ( ! ,/rait ( ,magellan1 = :i* navigation is indebt$ to ! labors ( ,k+ & ,fitzroy1 has s9ce !n turn$ ! scale 9 favor ( ! latt]4 ,= a trad+-vessel1 ) only ! ord9>y numb] ( h&s on bo>d1 ! passage ?r\gh ! /rait f ea/ to we/ is inde$ v difficult1 & ev5 dang]\s2 b 9 ! opposite direction1 ! almo/ con/ant we/]ly w9ds r5d] x commodi\s & easy p>ticul>ly dur+ ! summ] mon?s1 9 :i* !y are mo/ preval5t4 ,= small vessels--clipp]s1 s*oon]s1 cutt]s--! passage 9 bo? directions is1 accord+ to ! excell5t au?ority ( ,capta9 ,k+1 mu* to be pref]r$4 ,su* vessels h f> m reason = fe>+ ! heavy seas ab\t ,cape ,horn2 !y c m easily cross aga9/ ! we/ w9ds1 z _! manuvres are g5]ally v skillful1 & !y f9d 9 ! ,s\nd itself a great numb] ( an*or+-places1 :i* are inaccessible to l>g] vessels4 ,= /eam]s ! advantage is entirely on ! side ( ! ,/rait1 & !y consequ5tly n[ inv>iably pref] ?is r\te4 ,"h !y f9d pl5ty ( wood1 :i* enables !m to save _! coals2 & moreov]1 f ,cape ,tam> z f> z ! ,gulf ( ,p5as1 an easy navigation = ab\t #cfj sea miles ?r\gh ! *annels along ! we/ coa/ ( ,am]ica4 ,z ! trade ( ! ,pacific is cont9ually increas+1 & ! ,/rait ( ,magellan m frequ5t$ f ye> to ye>1 we c n wond] t ! old project ( settl+ a colony on its %ores %\ld h be5 reviv$ 9 our days4 ,ab\t ! ye> #ahdj ! ,gov]nm5t ( ,*ili e/abli%$ a p5al colony at ,punta ,ar5as & ,port ,fam9e1 :i* mis]ably fail$ 9 consequ5ce ( a mut9y2 b 9 #ahec ab\t "o hundr$ & fifty ,g]man emigrants 7 settl$ at ,punta ,ar5as1 & :5 ! 8,nov>a0 visit$ ! /rait 9 #aheh1 !y 7 f\nd 9 a ?riv+ condition4 ,%\ld ! project ( /ation+ /eam-tugs 9 ! /rait1 & ( erect+ ligh?\ses at ,cape ,virg9s & at ! entrance ( ,smy? ,*annel be execut$1 ! ,magellans w\ld become "o ( ! high-roads ( comm]ce1 & ! dang]s :i* prov$ s dreadful to ! navigators ( =m] days a m]e tale ( ! pa/4 ,illu/ration3 #abd4 ,a ,,highway ,,( ,,comm]ce4 ,illu/ration3 #abe4 ,,patagonians4 ,,*apt] ,,xl4 ,,patagonia ,,& ,,! ,,patagonians4 ,diff]5ce ( ,climate betwe5 ,ea/ & ,we/ ,patagonia4-- ,extraord9>y ,aridity ( ,ea/ ,patagonia4--,zoology4--,! ,guanaco4--,! ,tucutuco4--,! ,patagonian ,ag\ti4--,vultures4-- ,! ,turkey-buzz>d4--,! ,c>ran*a4--,! ,*imango4--,d>w9's ,o/ri*4--,! ,patagonians4--,exagg]at$ ,acc\nts ( _! ,/ature4--,_! ,physiognomy & ,dress4--,religi\s ,ideas4-- ,sup]/itions4--,a/ronomical ,k4--,division into ,tribes4-- ,! ,t5t1 or ,toldo4--,trad+ ,r\tes4--,! great ,cacique4-- ,introduction ( ! ,horse4--,indu/ry4--,amusem5ts4--,"*4 ,patagonia1 ! s\!rn extremity ( ! ,am]ican cont95t1 is divid$ by ! ridge ( ! ,&es into two p>ts ( a totally diff]5t "*4 ,its we/]n coa/-l&s1 wa%$ by ! cold ,ant>ctic curr5t & expos$ to ! humid gales ( a re/less ocean1 are almo/ con/antly obscur$ ) cl\ds & dr5*$ ) ra94 ,d5se =e/s1 dripp+ ) moi/ure1 clo! ! /eep hill-sides2 &1 f ! coldness ( ! summ]1 ! sn[-l9e is s l[ t = #fej miles nor?w>d ( ,ti]ra del ,fuego almo/ e arm ( ! sea :i* p5etrates to ! int]ior high] *a9 is t]m9at$ by huge glaci]s desc5d+ to ! wat]'s edge4 ,ea/ ,patagonia1 on ! contr>y1 a va/ pla9 ris+ 9 successive t]races f ! ,atlantic to ! foot ( ! ,cordill]a1 is "o ( ! mo/ arid regions ( ! globe4 ,! extreme dryness ( ! prevail+ we/]ly w9ds1 :i* h be5 totally depriv$ ( _! humidity be=e cross+ ! ,&es1 & ! well-r\nd$ %+les :i* compose ! soil1 h entail$ ! curse ( /]ility on ! l&4 ,monoton\s w>m t9ts ( br[n1 yell[1 or light r$ ev]y:]e fatigue ! eye1 :i* va9ly seeks = re/ 9 ! d>k blue sky1 & f9ds refre%+ gre5 only on "s riv]-banks4 ,_m broad flat vales transsect ! pla9s1 & 9 ^! ! vegetation is some:at bett]4 ,! /reams ( =m] ages h no d\bt holl[$ !m out1 = ! riv]s ( ! pres5t day are utt]ly inadequate to ! task4 ,on acc\nt ( ! dryness ( ! atmosph]e1 ! travell] may j\rney = days 9 ^! ,patagonian pla9s )\t f9d+ a drop ( wat]4 ,spr+s are r>e1 & ev5 :5 f\nd are g5]ally bracki% & unrefre%+4 ,:ile ! 8,beagle0 0 an*or+ 9 ! spaci\s h>bor ( ,port ,/4 ,julian1 a p>ty "o day accompani$ ,capta9 ,fitzroy on a long walk r\nd ! head ( ! h>bor4 ,!y 7 elev5 h\rs )\t ta/+ any wat]1 & "s ( ! p>ty 7 q exhau/$4 ,f ! summit ( a hill1 to :i* ! appropriate "n ( 8,?ir/y ,hill0 0 giv51 a f9e lake 0 spi$1 & two ( ! p>ty proce$$1 ) conc]t$ signals1 to %[ :e!r x 0 fre% wat]4 ,! disappo9tm5t may be imag9$ :5 ! suppos$ lake 0 f\nd to be a sn[-:ite expanse ( salt1 cry/alliz$ 9 great cubes4 ,! extreme dryness ( ! air1 :i* imp>ts s /]ile a "* to ! c\ntry1 favors ! =mation ( guano deposits on ! nak$ isl&s along ! coa/1 :i* are frequ5t$ by sea-birds4 ,protract$ dr\ghts are ess5tial to ! accumulation ( ?is manure1 = repeat$ %[]s ( ra9 w\ld wa% x into ! sea1 & = ?is reason no guano deposits are f\nd on ! popul\s bird-m\nta9s ( ! nor?4 ,a simil> dryness ( ! atmosph]e favors ! deposit at ,i*aboe on ! ,african coa/1 at ! ,kooria ,nooria ,isl&s 9 ! ,indian ,ocean1 & at ! ,*9*a ,isl&s on ! ,p]uvian coa/2 & ?is k9d ( climate appe>s also to be p>ticul>ly agreeable to ! sea-birds4 ,consid]+ ! excessive aridity ( ,patagonia1 x seems surpris+ t ! c\ntry %\ld be trav]s$ f we/ to ea/ by su* consid]able riv]s z ! ,rio ,negro1 ! ,gallegos1 & ! ,santa ,cruz2 b all ^! h _! s\rces 9 ! ,&es1 & are f$ by m\nta9 torr5ts1 :i* no d\bt d]ive _! wat]s f ! atmosph]ical precipitations ( ! ,pacific4 ,! zoology ( ,patagonia is z limit$ z its flora1 & greatly resembles 9 its "* t ( ! m\nta9 regions ( ,*ili1 or ( ! ,puna or high table-l& ( ! tropical ,&es ( ,p]u & ,bolivia1 ! height ( :i* v>ies f #aj1jjj to #ad1jjj feet above ! level ( ! sea4 ,9 all ^! c\ntries1 situat$ 9 su* diff]5t latitudes1 ! explor] is a/oni%$ to f9d n only ! same g5]a1 b ev5 animals ( ! same species4 ,! =e/-lov+ race ( monkeys is n[h]e to be f\nd 9 treeless ,patagonia4 ,none ( ! quadrumana v5tures f>!r s\? ?an #bi lat41 b on ! bord]s ( ! ,rio ,negro1 ! nor!rn b\nd>y ( ,patagonia1 "s small bats are se5 flutt]+ ab\t 9 ! twilight4 ,! d>k-br[n yell[-head$ ,galictis vittata1 an animal alli$ to ! ,civets & ,g5ets1 is likewise f\nd !re1 b mu* m frequ5tly its relation ! ,zorilla1 :i* ranges f #cj lat4 to ! ,/rait ( ,magellan1 &1 l ! skunk ( ! nor?1 has ! p[] ( dis*>g+ a fluid ( an intol]ably fetid odor4 ,! guanaco is ! *>act]i/ic quadrup$ ( ! pla9s ( ,patagonia1 :]e x is no less useful to man ?an ! wild re9de] to ! savage hunt]s ( ! nor?4 ,x ranges f ! ,cordill]a ( ,p]u z f> s\? z ! isl&s ne> ,cape ,horn1 b x appe>s to be m frequ5t on ! pla9s ( ,s\? ,patagonia ?an any:]e else4 ,x is ( great] size ?an ! llama1 & resembles x s mu* t x 0 suppos$ to be ! wild v>iety1 until ,ts*udi1 9 8 8,fauna ,p]uana10 po9t$ out ! specific diff]5ce betwe5 bo?4 ,! guanaco is a m elegant animal1 ) a long1 sl5d] neck & f9e legs2 its fleece is %ort] & less f9e2 its color is br[n1 ! "u p>ts be+ :iti%4 ,x g5]ally lives 9 small h]ds ( f half a doz5 to ?irty 9 ea*2 b on ! banks ( ! ,santa ,cruz ,mr4 ,d>w9 saw "o h]d :i* conta9$ at lea/ five hundr$4 ,?\gh extremely %y & w>y1 x is no mat* = ! cunn+ ( ! savage2 &1 be=e ! horse 0 introduc$ into ,patagonia1 man mo/ probably c\ld n h exi/$ 9 ^? arid pla9s )\t ! guanaco4 ,x easily takes to ! wat]1 & ?is acc\nts = its pres5ce on ! ea/]n isl&s ( ,fuegia1 :]e x has be5 foll[$ by ! puma1 or ,am]ican lion1 :o likewise pursues x on ! plateaus ( ! ,cordill]a1 #ab1jjj feet above ! level ( ! sea4 ,! ,brazilian fox 7,canis ,az>7 is also met ) z f> z ! /rait4 ,x is some:at small] ?an our fox1 b m robu/ly built4 ,9 ,patagonia x preys *iefly ^u ! small rod5ts1 ) :i* ! l&1 9 spite ( its /]ility1 is p]haps m ri*ly /ock$ ?an any o!r c\ntry 9 ! _w4 ,among ^! ! tucutuco 7,ct5omys magellanica71 :i* may briefly be describ$ z a gnaw] ) ! habits ( a mole1 is "o ( ! mo/ rem>kable4 ,x ab\nds ne> ! /rait1 :]e ! s&y pla9 is "o va/ burr[ ( ^! creatures4 ,?is curi\s animal makes1 :5 b5ea? ! gr\nd1 a v peculi> noise1 consi/+ ( a %ort nasal grunt1 monoton\sly repeat$ ab\t f\r times 9 quick succession1 ! "n tucutuco be+ giv5 9 imitation ( ! s\nd4 ,:]e ! animal is abundant1 x may be he>d at all times ( ! day1 & sometimes directly b5ea? "o's feet4 ,! tucutuco is nocturnal 9 its habits2 its food consi/s *iefly ( roots1 ! se>* aft] :i* seems to be ! cause ( its burr[+4 ,among ! indig5\s quadrup$s ( ,patagonia we f9d1 moreov]1 a species ( ag\ti 7,dasyprocta patagonica71 :i* 9 "s measure repres5ts our h>e1 b is ab\t twice ! size1 & has only ?ree toes on its h9d feet2 ! elegant long-e>$ m>a 7,doli*otis patagonicus71 :i*1 unlike mo/ burr[+ animals1 w&]s1 commonly two or ?ree toge!r1 = miles f its home2 ! ,didelphis ,az>1 a species ( opossum2 & ! pi*y 7,dasypus m9utus71 a small armadillo1 :i* ext5ds z f> s\? z #ej lat4 ,x w\ld be va9 to seek among ! ,patagonian birds = ! spl5did plumage ( ! tropical fea!r$ tribes2 _! colors are simple & monoton\s1 z ^? ( ! nak$ pla9s :i* are _! home4 ,_m birds ( prey ( ! w>m] regions ( ,am]ica likewise frequ5t ! arid wa/es ( ,patagonia4 ,:5 a horse *ances to p]i% f fatigue or ?ir/1 ! turkey-buzz>d 7,vultur aura87 beg9s to fea/ ^u its c>cass1 & !n ! c>ran*a 7,polyborus brasili5sis7 & ! *imango 7,polyborus *imango7 pick its bones clean4 ,?\gh ^! birds1 :i* well supply ! place ( our c>rion-cr[s1 magpies1 & rav5s1 g5]ally fe$ 9 common1 !y are by no means on a fri5dly foot+4 ,:5 ! c>ran*a is quietly seat$ on ! bran* ( a tree or on ! gr\nd1 ! *imango (t5 cont9ues = a long "t fly+ backw>d & =w>d1 up & d[n1 9 a semicircle1 try+ ea* "t1 at ! bottom ( ! curve1 to /rike its l>g] relative1 :i* takes little notice except by bobb+ its head4 ,! c>ran*a1 :i* is common 9 ! dry & op5 c\ntries1 & likewise on ! arid %ores ( ! ,pacific1 is also f\nd inhabit+ ! =e/s ( ,we/ ,patagonia & ,ti]ra del ,fuego4 ,! *imango is mu* small] ?an ! c>ran*a4 ,( all ! c>rion fe$]s1 x is g5]ally ! la/ :i* leaves ! skeleton ( a dead animal1 & may frequ5tly be se5 )9 ! ribs ( a horse1 l a prison] beh9d a grat+4 ,x is frequ5tly f\nd on ! sea-coa/1 :]e x lives on small fi%es4 ,! condor may likewise be reckon$ among ! ,patagonian birds1 z x foll[s its prey1 ! guanaco1 across ! ,/rait ( ,magellan z f> z ! ea/]n l[l&s ( ,ti]ra del ,fuego4 ,9 ! w9t] especially1 :5 ! cold =ces va/ numb]s ( geese & ducks to quit ! ,ant>ctic isl&s 9 ! high] latitudes1 all ^! birds ( prey1 to :i* ! cr[n$ falcon 7,circtes coronatus71 ! ?ree-color$ buzz>d 7,buteo tricolor71 ! ,aguia eagle 7,haliatus aguia71 & sev]al o!rs mu/ be add$1 live 9 luxury4 ,mo/ ( !m are likewise migratory birds1 & disappe> 9 summ]1 ) ! def5seless tribes on :i* !y prey4 ,! ,magellanic ?ru% 7,turdus magellanicus7 leaves 9 w9t] ! /ormy banks ( ! /rait1 & retires to ! mild] skies ( ! ,rio ,negro1 :]e x meets ! tuneful ,patagonian w>bl] 7,orpheus patagonicus71 ! nimble troglodyte 7,troglodytes pallida71 & ! incon/ant fly-cat*] 7,muscicape p>vulus74 ,a peculi> species ( o/ri*1 ! n&u 7,rhea ,d>w9i71 roams ov] ! pla9s ( ,s\!rn ,patagonia z f> z ! ,/rait ( ,magellan4 ,x is small] ?an ! ,s\? ,am]ican o/ri* 7,rhea am]icana71 :i* inhabits ! c\ntry ( ,la ,plata z f> z a little s\? ( ! ,rio ,negro2 b x is m beautiful1 z its :ite fea!rs are tipp$ ) black at ! extremity1 & its black ones 9 l mann] t]m9ate 9 :ite4 ,9 ! same high latitude "o is surpris$ to meet ) a memb] ( ! p>rot tribe 7,psittacus patagonicus7 fe$+ on ! se$s ( ! w9t]'s b>k1 & to see humm+-birds 7,tro*ilus =ficatus7 flitt+ ab\t dur+ ! sn[/orms 9 ! =e/s ( ,ti]ra del ,fuego4 ,! pla9s ( ,patagonia are inhabit$ by a race ( ,indians suppos$ to be gigantic1 b ! descriptions ( mod]n travell]s h dispell$ ! idea4 ,?us ,pigafetti1 ! companion ( ,magellan1 relates t ! ,europeans only rea* to ! wai/ ( ! ,patagonians2 ,simon de ,we]t tells u t !y are f t5 to elev5 feet high2 ,byron1 :o visit$ !m 9 ! la/ c5tury1 r$uces !m to sev5 feet1 & ,capta9 ,k+ f9ally1 :o accurately measur$ !m1 f\nd ! m$ium height ( ! males ab\t five feet elev5 in*es4 ,z ! ,patagonians h mo/ likely n deg5]at$ )9 ! la/ few c5turies1 we may inf] f ^! v>i\s acc\nts t ! travell]s ( ! pres5t day are less prone to exagg]ation ?an ^? ( m anci5t times4 ,s mu* is c]ta91 t ! ,patagonians are a f9e a?letic race ( m51 ) rem>kably broad %\ld]s & ?ick muscul> limbs4 ,! head is long1 broad1 & flat1 & ! =ehead l[1 ) ! hair gr[+ )9 an in* ( ! eyebr[s1 :i* are b>e2 ! eyes are (t5 plac$ obliquely1 & h b little expression2 ! =ehead & ! l>ge lips are prom95t1 s t if a p]p5dicul> l9e 7 drawn betwe5 ! two1 ! ?ick flat nose w\ld h>dly rea* x1 & b seldom project beyond x4 ,9 spite ( ^! co>se features ! physiognomy ( ! "y girls is by no means unpleasant1 z x has an amiable1 lively expression4 ,all ( !m h small h&s & feet1 & ,d',orbigny says t !y h ! f9e/ %apes ( all ! savages he saw4 ,?\gh !y h a wide m\? & ?ick lips1 ?is fault is r$eem$ by _! beautiful :ite tee?1 :i* nev] fall out ev5 9 old age4 ,! color ( ! ,patagonians is mu* d>k] ?an t ( ! ,pampas ,indians & o!rs f>!r to ! nor?1 & mo/ closely resembles t ( ! mulatto2 a fact totally at v>iance ) ! common belief t ! d>kness ( ! human sk9 increases on approa*+ ! equator4 ,! *ief g>m5t is ! manuh1 a wide1 squ>e mantle--eight feet long & ne>ly z broad--:i* !y we> aft] ! fa%ion ( ! anci5t ,greeks & ,romans1 ) "o end hang+ d[n to ! e>?4 ,x g5]ally consi/s ( guanaco sk9s neatly sewn toge!r ) o/ri* s9ews4 ,9 cold wea!r ! manuh1 :i* s]ves also z a blanket1 is worn ) ! hair inside2 ! ev5 surface is !re=e ornam5t$ ) r$ draw+s4 ,sometimes !y we> boots ( horse-lea!r1 l ! ,gau*os1 f :om !y h le>n$ to make !m2 =m]ly s&als ( guanaco sk9 7 alone 9 use4 ,_! long black hair is ti$ beh9d ) a ?ong ( lea!r or a piece ( ribbon2 ! wom5 plait & adorn x ) a numb] ( ornam5ts ( glass & copp]4 ,! face is g5]ally pa9t$ r$1 :ite1 & black1 & a ,patagonian is nev] se5 )\t ! little p\* 9 :i* he c>ries ! necess>y colors4 ,a rem>kable cu/om1 common to all ! ,indian tribes z f> z ,bolivia1 is t ( eradicat+ ! hairs ( ! be>d1 & ! m5 may frequ5tly be se5 pluck+ !m out ) a pair ( p9c]s4 ,! religi\s ideas ( ! ,patagonians greatly resemble ^? ( _! neighbors ! ,aucas & ! ,puel*es4 ,! div9e ,a*ek5at ,kanet is rev]5c$ z ! g5ius ( bo? good & evil2 b beside ?is *ief deity !y h a numb] ( inf]ior spirits1 g5]ally ( a malignant nature1 :i* c be held 9 *eck only by ! arts ( _! magicians4 ,l ! %amans1 or m$ic9e-m5 ( ! nor?1 ^! impo/ors "w !mselves into an ec/atic /ate1 9 :i* !y pr$ict ?+s to come1 or ann\nce ! w ( ! unse5 gods2 b _! trade does n seem to be v lucrative if we may judge f ! bad condition ( _! mantles4 ,!y also act z physicians1 = all diseases are inv>iably ascrib$ to ! ag5cy ( evil spirits4 ,! ,patagonians are q z sup]/iti\s z ! ,indians ( ! high nor!rn latitudes4 ,!y seldom cut _! hair1 b :5 !y d1 !y ca/ x into ! riv] or c>efully burn x1 s t x may n fall into ! h&s ( "s malignant magician1 :o might use x to ! hurt ( its quondam own]4 ,:51 on j\rney+ along a riv]1 !y see "s trunks ( trees desc5d+ ) ! curr5t1 !y take !m = evil spirits1 & address !m ) a l\d voice4 ,if by *ance ! trees are swept by less rapidly or are driv5 r\nd 9 a :irlpool1 !y believe t ?is takes place = ! purpose ( he>+ !m4 ,!y !n make !m lib]al promises1 :i* !y fai?fully keep4 ,!y ca/ _! weapons1 _! ornam5ts1 sometimes ev5 _! horses ) b\nd feet1 into ! wat]1 fully p]suad$ t by ?is sacrifice !y h av]t$ ! mis=tunes t o!rwise w\ld h befall5 !m4 ,l _m o!r savage nations1 !y believe 9 a future p>adise1 :]e !y expect to f9d aga9 all t !y priz$ on e>?4 ,= ?is reason !y immolate ov] ! graves ( _! fri5ds all ! animals t belong$ to !m1 & int] ) !m all !y possess$4 ,! a/ronomical k ( ! ,patagonians is surpris+ 9 a p rank+ s l[ 9 ! scale ( civilization4 ,cont9ually migrat+ ov] _! arid l&1 !y soon felt ! necessity ( direct+ _! movem5ts dur+ ! day by ! position ( ! sun1 dur+ ! night by ! />s2 & ?us !y gradually le>n$ to obs]ve ! m>* ( ! con/ellations1 & to note ! times ( _! appe>ance & disappe>ance1 giv+ !m names1 s z to be able to communicate _! obs]vations to ea* o!r4 ,_! lively fancy traces 9 ! />ry firmam5t ! picture ( ! ,indian's hunt+ exp$ition4 ,! ,milky ,way is ! pa? on :i* he foll[s ! o/ri*2 ! 8,?ree ,k+s0 are ! bolas1 or balls1 ) :i* he /rikes ! bird ^: feet =m ! ,s\!rn ,cross2 & ! ,magellanic cl\ds are heaps ( its fea!rs t h be5 collect$ by its pursu]4 ,:5 ! ,patagonians speak ( ! direction !y int5d to foll[1 f nor? to s\? or f ea/ to we/1 !y always indicate ! con/ellations2 s t 9 ^! ,s\? ,am]ican pla9s1 z 9 ^? ( ,*aldea1 a simil> necessity has l$ man to lay ! fir/ f\ndations ( a/ronomical k4 ,! ,patagonians are divid$ into a numb] ( small migratory tribes1 ea* consi/+ (1 at ! utmo/1 ?irty or =ty families4 ,z !y live exclusively by ! *ase1 x is evid5t t a few days w\ld suffice to de/roy or to drive away ! game ( a great ext5t ( t]ritory 7 !y to assemble 9 l>g] numb]s4 ,n to p]i% ( want1 !y are ?us compell$ to w&] f place to place 9 small companies1 & to c>ry along ) !m _! lea!rn toldos1 or t5ts4 ,! toldo reposes on a frame ( poles /uck into ! e>?1 & is sc>cely high] ?an six feet 9 its c5tre1 s t "o c h>dly imag9e h[ a family ( tall ,patagonians c live 9 s small a space4 ,! door is inv>iably to ! ea/1 s t e>ly 9 ! morn+ ! *ief ( ! family may spr9kle be=e x a few drops ( wat] z an (f]+ to ! ris+ sun1 = 7 ?is sacrifice to be neglect$1 ! evil spirits w\ld infallibly wreak _! v5geance ^u ! inmates ( ! t5t4 ,horse-hides1 or guanaco sk9s co>sely sewn toge!r1 cov] ! frame1 & af=d b a scanty protection aga9/ ! ra9 & ! mu* m frequ5t w9d4 ,at ! top1 z 9 ! ,lapl&]'s hut1 an op5+ is left to let out ! smoke4 ,! he>? is 9 ! middle1 & close by lie "s e>!n vases1 & l>ge volute %ells :i* s]ve z dr9k+-horns4 ,! inmates lie on sk9s1 or sit 9 a corn] cross-legg$1 aft] ! ,ori5tal fa%ion4 ,! excessive fil? ( ^! wret*$ t5em5ts makes _! pov]ty appe> /ill m squalid ?an x really is4 ,?irty or =ty toldos =m a migratory village1 or told]ia4 ,?\gh ! dreadful small-pox epidemic f #ahji to #ahab de/roy$ :ole tribes ( ,patagonians1 _! pres5t numb] may /ill be e/imat$ at f eight to t5 ?\s&2 a small "o1 :5 comp>$ ) ! size ( ! c\ntry1 yet l>ge en\gh :5 we consid] ! /]ile nature ( its soil & ! va/ space ( des]t ne$$ to fe$ a suffici5t numb] ( guanacos & horses = ! wants ( ev5 a scanty population4 ,ea* told]ia appe>s to h its t]ritory limit$ by ! hunt+-gr\nds ( its neighbors1 b comm]cial transactions take place betwe5 ! v>i\s tribes1 & occasion long] j\rneys4 ,"o ( ! *ief trad+ r\tes runs along ! ea/]n foot ( ! ,&es f ! ,/rait ( ,magellan to ! ,rio ,negro1 z wat] is "h ev]y:]e f\nd2 ano!r1 lead+ p>allel ) ! coa/ f ! ,rio ,negro to ,port ,/4 ,julian & ,port ,desire1 is only frequ5t$ 9 ! ra9y season1 & ev5 !n !re are wide spaces )\t any sweet wat]1 & :]e x is necess>y to travel night & day s z to avoid ! dang] ( dy+ ( ?ir/4 ,e ye> ! v>i\s ,patagonian tribes w&] to ! s\rces ( ! ,rio ,negro1 :]e !y provide !mselves ) arauc>ia se$s1 :i* s]ve !m z food1 or ) apples1 :i* h multipli$ on ! ea/]n spurs ( ! ,&es 9 ! same a/oni%+ mann] z ! pea*-trees ne> ! m\?s ( ! ,la ,plata4 ,! apple-tree 0 introduc$ by ! fir/ ,spani>ds :o inhabit$ ! ,*ilian ,&es soon aft] ! conque/2 & :5 lat] ! intrud]s 7 expell$ by ! victori\s ,araucanians1 ! natives f\nd _! c\ntry enri*$ by ?is valuable acquisition4 ,"o ( ! *ief b>t]+ r5dezv\s is ! isl& ,*ole*el1 :i* is =m$ by two arms ( ! ,rio ,negro1 ab\t eighty leagues f ! m\? ( ! riv]4 ,"h ! ,patagonian ex*anges 8 guanaco sk9s = ! articles :i* ! ,puel*es1 8 nor!rn neighbors1 ei!r fabricate !mselves or procure 9 a m easy mann] by /eal+ !m f ! :ite settl]s 9 _! neighborhood4 ,?is b>t]+ trade is v anci5t1 & has always exi/$ except+ 9 times ( w>4 ,9 ?is mann] ! ,patagonians 7 provid$ ) horses soon aft] ! introduction ( ?is valuable animal into ! ,new ,_w1 & ?us also articles ( ,spani% manufacture soon f\nd _! way z f> z ! ,/rait ( ,magellan4 ,at pres5t !re seems to be peace among all ! ,patagonian tribes1 :i* consid] !mselves z bro!rs1 ?\gh frequ5tly sep>at$ sev]al hundr$ leagues f ea* o!r4 ,_! sy/em ( gov]nm5t is v simple4 ,! :ole nation has a *ief1 or great cacique1 :om !y call c>ask51 & ^: au?ority is v limit$4 ,9 w> he presides 9 ! assembly ( ! m9or *iefs1 & has ! supreme comm& 9 battle4 ,9 peace 8 sway is conf9$ to 8 own tribe4 ,he is z poor z 8 subjects1 &1 f> f enjoy+ a copi\s civil li/1 is oblig$ to hunt = 8 subsi/5ce l e o!r ,patagonian2 ! only advantage he owes to 8 exalt$ /ation be+ a some:at l>g] %>e ( ! products ( ! *ase2 & ?is he is oblig$ to di/ribute among ! m ne$y ( 8 foll[]s1 to ma9ta9 8 influ5ce4 ,! dignity ( c>ask5 is n always h]$it>y4 ,to succe$ 8 fa!r1 ! son mu/ fir/ prove by 8 eloqu5ce1 8 c\rage1 & 8 lib]ality t he is wor?y to succe$ him2 & if he is f\nd want+1 ! ,indian mo/ di/+ui%$ by 8 moral & intellectual qualities is elect$ 9 8 place4 ,! ,patagonians are v awkw>d fi%]m52 !y m]ely cat* :at *ance ?r[s into _! h&s1 & are unacqua9t$ ) nets or any o!r piscatorial artifice4 ,9 ?is respect !y are totally diff]5t f ! ,fuegians1 :o d]ive _! *ief subsi/5ce f ! sea4 ,!y h ev] be5 a nation ( hunt]s1 & be=e ! introduction ( ! horse1 !y pursu$ _! game on foot1 us+ _! bolas ) great dext]ity = ! de/ruction ( ! guanaco & ! o/ri*4 ,_! dogs af=d$ !m a valuable assi/ance1 & s9ce !y h become accompli%$ horsem51 _! fleet c\rs]s enable !m to ov]take ) ease all ! animals ( ! wild]ness4 ,9 times ( sc>city !y dig = a small root1 :i* is ei!r eat5 fre% or pres]v$ dry4 ,horse-fle% is _! favorite food4 ,! ,patagonian toldos & _! weapons are v rudely made1 b _! sk9 mantles are n unta/efully ornam5t$ ) rectil9e> figures4 ,9 _! w>-dress !y h a v hide\s appe>ance1 & x w\ld be difficult to imag9e a m diabolical figure ?an t ( a tall ,patagonian ready = a fight1 8 broad face pa9t$ sc>let1 ) black or blue /ripes "u ! eyes1 & 8 co>se features di/ort$ ) fury4 ,_! arms are b[s & arr[s1 ) po9ts ( fl9t loosely atta*$ ) s9ews1 s z to rema9 /ick+ 9 ! w\nd4 ,!y are excell5t ar*]s1 & use ) skill ! sl+1 ! javel91 & above all _! =midable bolas1 :i* s]ve !m bo? = br++ ! guanaco to ! gr\nd or = break+ ! skull ( an enemy4 ,:5 n engag$ 9 w> or 9 ! *ase1 ! m51 l mo/ savages1 pass _! "t 9 absolute idl5ess1 leav+ all ! h\sehold "w to ! wom54 ,amusem5ts !y h b few4 ,! use ( dice !y h le>n$ f ! ,spani>ds4 ,!y are said to be a false & deceitful p1 b _! hospitality & good-nature h be5 frequ5tly extoll$ by travell]s4 ,illu/ration3 #abf4 ,,coa/ ,,( ,,fuegia4 ,,*apt] ,,xli4 ,,! ,,fuegians4 ,_! mis]able ,condition4--,degradation ( ,body & ,m9d4--,p[]s ( ,mimicry4--,notions ( ,b>t]4--,causes ( _! l[ ,/ate ( ,cultivation4--,_! ,food4--,limpets4--,cytt>ia ,d>w9i4-- ,con/ant ,migrations4--,! ,fuegian ,wigwam4--,weapons4--,_! probable ,orig94--,_! ,numb]1 & v>i\s ,tribes4--,con/ant ,feuds4--,cannibalism4--,language4--,adv 5tures ( ,fuegia ,basket1 ,jemmy ,button1 & ,york ,m9/]4--,mission>y ,labors4--,capta9 ,g>d9]4--,8 lam5table ,end4 ,! wilds ( ,ti]ra del ,fuego are inhabit$ by a race ( m5 g5]ally suppos$ to occupy ! l[e/ grade 9 ! scale ( humanity4 ,9 a f> m rigor\s climate1 ! ,esquimaux1 _! nor!rn antipodes1 exhibit skill 9 _! sn[ huts1 _! kayaks1 _! weapons1 & _! dress2 b ! wret*$ ,fuegians are ignorant ( e useful art t c\ld bett] _! condition1 & contrive sc>cely any def5se aga9/ ei!r ra9 or w9d4 ,b ev5 among ! ,fuegians !re are v>i\s grades ( civilization-- or r b>b>ism4 ,! ea/]n tribes1 :i* inhabit ! ext5sive pla9s ( ,k+ ,*>les's ,s\? ,l&1 seem closely alli$ to ! ,patagonians1 & are a v diff]5t race f ! und]siz$ wret*es f>!r we/w>d4 ,a mantle ( guanaco sk91 ) ! wool outside-- ! usual ,patagonian g>m5t--loosely ?r[n ov] _! %\ld]s1 & leav+ _! p]sons z (t5 expos$ z cov]$1 af=ds !m "s protection aga9/ ! pi]c+ w9d4 ,! condition ( ! c5tral tribes inhabit+ ! s\?-we/]n bays & inlets ( ?is dre>y c\ntry is mu* m mis]able4 ,^? f>!r to ! we/ possess seal-sk9s1 b "h ! m5 are satisfi$ ) an ott] sk9 or "s o!r cov]+ sc>cely l>g] ?an a pocket-h&k]*ief4 ,x is lac$ across ! brea/ by /r+s1 & accord+ z ! w9d bl[s x is %ift$ f side to side4 ,b all h n ev5 ?is wret*$ g>m5t1 = ne> ,wolla/on ,isl& ,mr4 ,d>w9 saw a canoe ) six ,fuegians1 "o ( :om 0 a woman1 nak$4 ,x 0 ra9+ heavily1 & ! fre% wat]1 toge!r ) ! spray1 trickl$ d[n _! bodies4 ,9 ano!r h>bor n f> di/ant1 a woman1 :o 0 suckl+ a rec5tly-born *ild1 came "o day alongside ! vessel1 & rema9$ !re out ( m]e curiosity1 :il/ ! sleet fell & ?aw$ on h] nak$ bosom & on ! sk9 ( h] nak$ baby6 ,^! poor wret*es 7 /unt$ 9 _! gr[?1 _! faces b$aub$ ) :ite pa9t1 _! sk9s fil?y1 _! hair entangl$1 _! voices discordant1 & _! ge/ures viol5t4 ,! ,fuegians :om ,cook met ) 9 ,*ri/mas ,s\nd 7 equally wret*$4 ,_! canoes 7 made ( ! b>k ( trees /ret*$ ov] a framework ( /icks1 & ! paddles :i* s]v$ to propel ^! mis]able boats 7 small1 & ( an equally mis]able workman%ip4 ,9 ea* canoe sat f five to eight p]sons2 b in/ead ( greet+ ! /rang]s ) ! joyful %\ts ( ! ,s\? ,sea ,isl&]s1 !y r[$ along 9 p]fect sil5ce2 & ev5 :5 q close to ! vessel1 !y only utt]$ f "t to "t ! ^w 8,pes*]h60 ,aft] repeat$ invitations "s ( ^! savages came on bo>d1 b )\t exhibit+ ! lea/ sign ( a/oni%m5t or curiosity4 ,none 7 above five feet f\r in*es high2 !y _h l>ge heads1 broad faces1 ) prom95t *eek-bones1 flat noses1 small & lack-lu/re eyes2 & _! black hair1 sme>$ ) fat1 hung 9 matt$ locks ov] _! %\ld]s4 ,in/ead ( a be>d1 _! *9 exhibit$ a few /raggl+ bri/les1 & _! :ole appe>ance af=d$ a /rik+ picture ( abject mis]y4 ,_! %\ld]s & brea/ 7 broad & /rongly built1 b ! extremities ( ! body s meagre & %rivell$ t "o c\ld h>dly realize ! fact t !y belong$ to ! upp] "p4 ,! legs 7 crook$1 ! knees disproportionately ?ick4 ,_! sole g>m5t consi/$ ( a small piece ( seal-sk91 atta*$ to ! neck by means ( a cord1 o!rwise !y 7 q nak$2 b ev5 ^! mis]able creatures _h made an attempt to decorate _! olive-br[n sk9 ) "s /ripes ( o*re4 ,! wom5 7 z ugly z ! m54 ,_! food consi/$ ( raw1 half-putrid seal's fle%1 :i* made !m smell s horribly1 t x 0 impossible to rema9 long ne> !m4 ,_! intellig5ce 0 on a p> ) ! fil? ( _! bodies4 ,! mo/ expressive signs 7 "h ( no avail4 ,ge/ures :i* ! mo/ dull-head$ native ( any ,s\? ,sea isl& imm$iately und]/ood1 ^! savages ei!r did n1 or w\ld n give !mselves ! tr\ble to compreh5d4 ,( ! sup]iority ( ! ,europeans !y appe>$ to h no idea1 nev] express+ by ! slighte/ sign any a/oni%m5t at ! sight ( ! %ip & ! v>i\s objects on bo>d4 ,x w\ld h[ev] be do+ ! ,fuegians inju/ice to suppose !m all on a level ) ^! wret*es4 ,accord+ to ,=/]1 !y 7 mo/ likely outca/s f ! neighbor+ tribes4 ,mr4 ,d>w91 z well z ,sir ,james ,ross1 describes ! ,fuegians :om !y met ) 9 ! ,bay ( ,good ,success & on ,h]mit ,isl& z excell5t mimics4 8,z (t5 z we c\gh$ or yawn$10 says ! =m]1 8or made any odd motion1 !y imm$iately imitat$ u4 ,"s ( our p>ty began to squ9t & look awry1 b "o ( ! "y ,fuegians 7^: :ole face 0 pa9t$ black1 except+ a :ite b& across 8 eyes7 succe$$ 9 mak+ f> m hide\s grimaces4 ,!y c\ld repeat ) p]fect correctness ea* ^w 9 any s5t5ce we address$ !m1 & !y rememb]$ su* words = "s "t4 ,yet we all "k h[ difficult x is to di/+ui% ap>t ! s\nds 9 a =eign language40 ,close to ! junction ( ,ponsonby ,s\nd ) ! ,beagle ,*annel1 :]e ,mr4 ,d>w9 & 8 p>ty sp5t ! night1 a small family ( ,fuegians soon jo9$ ! /rang]s r\nd a blaz+ fire4 ,!y seem$ well pleas$1 & all jo9$ 9 ! *orus ( ! seam5's songs4 ,dur+ ! night ! news _h spread1 & e>ly 9 ! morn+ o!r ,fuegians arriv$4 ,sev]al ( ^! _h run s fa/ t _! noses 7 ble$+1 & _! m\?s fro!d f ! rapidity ) :i* !y talk$2 & ) _! nak$ bodies all b$aub$ ) black1 :ite1 & r$1 !y look$ l s _m demons4 ,illu/ration3 #abg4 ,,fuegian ,,trad]s4 ,^! p pla9ly %[$ t !y _h a fair notion ( b>t]4 ,mr4 ,d>w9 gave "o man a l>ge nail 7a mo/ valuable pres5t7 )\t mak+ any signs = a return2 b he imm$iately pick$ out two fi%1 & h&$ !m up on ! po9t ( 8 spe>4 ,"h at lea/ we see signs ( a m5tal activity favorably contra/+ ) ! /olid indiff]5ce ( ! ,fuegians se5 by ,=/] at ,*ri/mas ,h>bor2 & ,mr4 ,d>w9 is ev5 ( op9ion t 9 g5]al ^! p rise above ! ,au/ralians 9 m5tal p[]1 al?\gh _! actual acquirem5ts may be less4 ,! reason :y ! ,fuegians are s little advanc$ 9 ! arts ( life1 are p>tly to be s\ght = 9 ! nature ( ! l&1 & p>tly 9 _! political /ate4 ,! p]fect equality among ! individuals 9 ea* tribe mu/ ret>d _! civilization2 & until "s *ief %all arise ) p[] suffici5t to secure any acquir$ advantage1 su* z ! dome/icat$ animals1 x seems sc>cely possible t _! condition c improve4 ,b ! *ief causes ( _! wret*$ness are d\btless ! b>r5ness ( _! c\ntry & _! con/ant =c$ migrations4 ,) ! exception ( ! ea/]n "p1 ! habitable l& is r$uc$ to ! /ones on ! bea*4 ,9 se>* ( food !y are compell$ to w&] f spot to spot2 & s /eep is ! coa/ t !y c only move ab\t 9 _! canoes4 ,:5ev] x is l[ wat]1 w9t] or summ]1 night or day1 !y mu/ rise to pick limpets f ! rock2 & ! wom5 ei!r dive to collect sea-eggs1 or sit pati5tly 9 _! boats1 & ) a bait$ hair-l9e1 )\t any hook1 j]k out little fi%4 ,if a seal is kill$1 or ! float+ c>cass ( a putrid :ale discov]$1 x is a fea/2 & su* mis]able food is assi/$ by a few ta/eless b]ries1 *iefly ( a dw>f arbutus1 or by a globul> bright yell[ fungus 7,cytt>ia ,d>w9i71 :i* gr[s 9 va/ numb]s on ! bee*-trees4 ,:5 "y1 x is ela/ic1 ) a smoo? surface2 b1 :5 mature1 x %r9ks1 becomes t\gh]1 & has its entire surface deeply pitt$ or honey-comb$4 ,9 ?is mature /ate x is collect$ 9 l>ge quantities by ! wom5 & *ildr51 & is eat5 uncook$4 ,x has a mucilag9\s1 slightly sweet ta/e1 ) a fa9t smell l t ( a mu%room4 ,! necessity ( protect+ !mselves aga9/ ! extremity ( cold1 & ( obta9+ _! food f ! sea1 or by ! *ase ( ! re9de] or ! :ite be>1 =ces ! ,esquimaux to ex]t all _! faculties1 & ?us !y h rais$ !mselves consid]ably high] 9 ! scale ( civilization ?an ! ,fuegians1 ^: mode ( life requires f> less ex]tion ( ! m9d4 ,to knock a limpet f ! rock or to collect a fungus does n ev5 call cunn+ into ex]cise4 ,liv+ *iefly ^u %ell-fi%1 !y are oblig$ con/antly to *ange _! abode1 & ?us !y h>dly be/[ any ?\ght on _! dwell+s1 :i* are m l ! d5s ( wild bea/s ?an ! habitations ( human be+s4 ,! ,fuegian wigwam consi/s ( a few bran*es /uck 9 ! gr\nd1 & v imp]fectly ?at*$ on "o side ) a few tufts ( grass & ru%es4 ,! :ole c n be ! "w ( an h\r1 & x is only us$ = a few days4 ,at int]vals1 h[ev]1 ! inhabitants ( ^! wret*$ huts return to ! same spot1 z is evid5t f ! piles ( old %ells1 (t5 am\nt+ to sev]al tons 9 weight4 ,^! heaps c be di/+ui%$ at a di/ance by ! bright gre5 color ( c]ta9 plants1 su* z ! wild cel]y & scurvy grass1 :i* inv>iably gr[ on !m4 ,! only articles 9 ! manufacture ( :i* ! ,fuegians %[ "s signs ( ability are a few ornam5ts & _! weapons1 :i* aga9 are f> inf]ior to ^? ( ! ,esquimaux4 ,_! b[s are small & badly %ap$1 _! arr[s1 :i* are betwe5 two & ?ree feet long1 fea!r$ at "o end & blunt$ at ! o!r4 ,! po9ts are only atta*$ :5 ! arr[ is ab\t to be us$1 & = ?is purpose ! ar*] c>ries !m ab\t ) him 9 a lea!rn p\*4 ,! %aft ( _! l>g] spe>s is ab\t t5 feet long1 & equally ?ick at bo? ends4 ,at "o ( ! extremities is a fissure1 into :i* a po9t$ bone ) a b>b$ hook is ins]t$ & tightly b\nd ) a ?read4 ,) ?is weapon !y mo/ probably attack ! seals2 !y also use x to deta* ! %ell-fi% f ! rocks bel[ ! surface ( ! wat]4 ,a second spe>1 long] & light] ?an ! fir/1 ) a b>b$ po9t1 s]ves mo/ likely z a weapon ( w>2 & a ?ird "o1 mu* %ort] & comp>atively ?91 may p]haps be de/9$ = ! birds4 ,! females "k h[ to make pretty necklaces ( color$ %ells & baskets ( grass /alks4 ,"h1 z ) all o!r races ( mank9d1 we f9d ! g]ms ( improvem5t1 :i* only require = _! developm5t ! ext]nal impulse ( m favorable circum/ances4 ,illu/ration3 #abh4 ,a ,,fuegian ,,& ,,8 ,,food4 ,if x be ask$ :e!r !y feel !mselves z mis]able z _! wret*$ appe>ance w\ld lead u to believe !m1 x mu/ be repli$ t mo/ travell]s describe !m z a *e]ful1 good-humor$1 cont5t$ p2 & z ,mr4 ,d>w9 f9ely rem>ks1 8,nature1 by mak+ habit omnipot5t & its effects h]$it>y1 has fitt$ ! ,fuegian to ! climate & ! productions ( 8 c\ntry40 ,! numb] ( ^! savages is no d\bt v small1 z seldom m ?an ?irty or =ty individuals are se5 toge!r4 ,! int]ior ( ! m\nta9\s isl&s1 :i* is z little kn[n z ! int]ior ( ,spitzb]g51 is no d\bt completely un9habit$2 z ! coa/s alone1 ) ! exception ( ! ea/]n & m level "p ( ! c\ntry1 :]e ! guanaco f9ds pa/ure1 are able to furni% ! means ( subsi/5ce4 ,! v>i\s tribes1 sep>at$ f ea* o!r by a des]t$ neutral t]ritory1 are nev]!less engag$ 9 con/ant feuds1 z qu>rels are p]petually aris+ ab\t ! possession ( "s limpet-bank or fi%+-/ation4 ,:5 at w> !y are cannibals2 & x is equally c]ta9 t :5 press$ 9 w9t] by hung] !y kill & dev\r _! old wom5 be=e !y kill _! dogs1 alleg+ z an excuse t _! dogs cat* ott]s1 & old wom5 d n4 ,x has n be5 asc]ta9$ :e!r !y h any di/9ct belief 9 a future life4 ,!y sometimes bury _! dead 9 caves1 & sometimes 9 ! m\nta9 =e/s4 ,ea* family or tribe has a wiz>d1 or conjur+ doctor4 ,_! language1 ( :i* !re are sev]al di/9ct dialects1 is likewise little kn[n2 x is1 h[ev]1 f> inf]ior to ! copi\s & expressive vocabul>y ( ! ,esquimaux4 ,9 #ahcj1 :ile ,capta9 ,fitzroy 0 survey+ ! coa/s ( ,fuegia1 he seiz$ on a p>ty ( natives z ho/ages = ! loss ( a boat :i* _h be5 /ol51 & "s ( ^! natives1 z well z a *ild belong+ to ano!r tribe1 :om he b\ght = a pe>l button1 he took ) him to ,engl&1 det]m9+ to educate !m at 8 own exp5se4 ,"o ( !m aft]w>ds di$ ( ! smallpox2 b a "y girl1 ,fuegia ,basket1 & two boys1 ,jemmy ,button 7?us nam$ f 8 pur*ase-money7 & ,york ,m9/] 7s call$ f ! great rugg$ m\nta9 ( ,york ,m9/]1 ne> ,*ri/mas ,s\nd71 7 plac$ 9 a s*ool at ,wal?am/[1 & moreov] _h ! honor ( be+ pres5t$ to ,k+ ,william & ,que5 ,adelaide4 ,?ree ye>s ,jemmy & 8 companions rema9$ 9 ,engl&1 at ! end ( :i* "t ,capta9 ,fitzroy 0 aga9 s5t out to cont9ue ! survey1 & took ) him ^! ?ree ,fuegians1 int5d+ to return !m to ! place :5ce !y _h come4 ,9 ?is1 h[ev]1 he 0 disappo9t$2 b at _! own reque/ ,york & ,fuegia 71 ) ,jemmy1 deposit$ at ,woollya1 a pleasant look+ spot 9 ,ponsonby ,s\nd1 belong+ to ,jemmy's tribe4 ,8 family1 consi/+ ( 8 "m & ?ree bro!rs1 0 abs5t at ! "t1 b !y arriv$ ! foll[+ morn+4 ,jemmy recogniz$ ! /5torian voice ( "o ( 8 bro!rs at a prodigi\s di/ance1 b ! meet+1 z ,mr4 ,d>w91 :o witness$ ! sc5e1 relates1 0 less int]e/+ ?an t betwe5 a horse turn$ out into a field & an old companion4 ,!re 0 no demon/ration ( affection2 !y simply />$ = a %ort "t at ea* o!r4 ,?ree l>ge wigwams 7 built = !m1 g>d5s plant$1 & an abundant supply ( e ?+ l&$ = _! use4 ,jemmy1 :o _h become q a favorite on bo>d1 0 %ort & fat1 b va9 ( 8 p]sonal appe>ance2 he us$ always to we> gloves1 8 hair 0 neatly cut1 & he 0 di/ress$ if 8 well-poli%$ %oes 7 dirti$4 ,york 0 some:at co>se & less intellig5t1 ?\gh 9 "s ?+s he c\ld be quick4 ,he became atta*$ to ,fuegia1 & z bo? 7 ( ! same tribe1 !y became man & wife aft] _! return to ,ti]ra del ,fuego4 ,%e 0 ! mo/ intellig5t ( ! ?ree1 & quick 9 le>n+ any ?+1 especially languages4 ,?us ^! semi-civiliz$ savages 7 left among _! b>b>\s c\ntrym51 ) ! hope t !y might become ! means ( improv+ _! :ole tribe2 b :5 ,capta9 ,fitzroy return$ to ! spot twelve mon?s aft]1 he f\nd ! wigwams des]t$ & ! g>d5s trampl$ "u foot4 ,jemmy came paddl+ up 9 8 canoe1 b ! d&y :o _h be5 left plump1 clean1 & well-dress$1 0 n[ turn$ into a ?91 hagg>d savage1 ) long1 disord]$ hair1 & nak$1 except a bit ( a blanket r\nd 8 wai/4 ,he c\ld /ill speak ,engli%1 & said t he _h en\gh to eat1 t he 0 n cold1 & t 8 relations 7 v good p4 ,he _h a wife besides1 :o 0 decid$ly ! be/-look+ female 9 ! company4 ,) 8 usual good feel+1 he br\ght two beautiful ott] sk9s = two ( 8 be/ fri5ds1 & "s spe>heads & arr[s made ) 8 own h&s = ! capta94 ,he _h lo/ all 8 prop]ty4 ,york ,m9/] _h built a l>ge canoe1 & ) 8 wife ,fuegia _h1 sev]al mon?s s9ce1 gone to 8 own c\ntry1 & _h tak5 f>ewell by an act ( consummate villa9y4 ,he p]suad$ ,jemmy & 8 "m to come ) him1 & !n on ! way des]t$ !m by night1 /eal+ e article ( _! prop]ty4 ,x 0 ! op9ion ( all on bo>d t ! cunn+ rogue _h plann$ all ?is long be=e1 & t ) ?is end 9 view he _h desir$ s e>ne/ly to rema9 ) ,jemmy's tribe r ?an be l&$ on 8 own c\ntry4 ,eight ye>s aft] an ,engli% vessel put into a bay 9 ! ,magellans = wat]1 & !re 0 f\nd a woman1 )\t d\bt ,fuegia ,basket1 :o said1 8,h[ d8 ,i h be5 to ,plym\? & ,london40 ,york ,m9/] 0 also se5 9 #ahea4 ,f ,capta9 ,sn[1 comm&] ( ! mission ya*t 8,all5 ,g>d9]10 we h ! la/ acc\nts ( ,jemmy ,button 9 #ahee4 ,tw5ty-?ree ye>s _h n oblit]at$ 8 k ( ! ,engli% language1 b he 0 z wild & %aggy z 8 untaught c\ntrym54 ,9 spite ( 8 sup]ior k1 he 0 treat$ z a v inf]ior p]sonage by ! memb]s ( 8 tribe2 yet he decl>$ t ?\gh he lov$ ,engl&1 he lov$ 8 c\ntry /ill bett]2 t no?+ %\ld induce him to leave x1 & t he w\ld nev] all[ any ( 8 *ildr5 to quit _! native soil4 ,o!r ef=ts h be5 made to civilize ! ,fuegians4 ,a ,spani% vessel hav+ be5 %ipwreck$ on ! ea/]n coa/ 9 #agfg1 its crew 0 hospitably treat$ by ! natives1 :o ev5 assi/$ 9 sav+ ! c>go4 ,out ( gratitude1 ! ,gov]nor ( ,bu5os ,ayres s5t out "s mission>ies1 :o1 h[ev]1 totally fail$ to make any impression on ! savages4 ,a no less unsuccessful attempt 0 made ab\t ! ye> #ahce by ,engli% mission>ies2 & ! exp$ition ( ,capta9 ,g>d9]1 :o1 accompani$ by a surgeon1 a cate*i/1 & f\r ,corni% fi%]m51 sail$ to ,fuegia 9 #ahea1 ) ! int5tion ( conv]t+ ! natives1 prov$ equally fruitless1 & _h a f> m tragic end4 ,8 measures = secur+ ! necess>y supplies ( food 7 s ill calculat$ t ! :ole p>ty di$ ( hung] 9 ,spani>ds' ,h>bor1 on ! s\!rn coa/4 ,capta9 ,mor%ead1 ( ! 8,dido10 _h receiv$ ord]s on 8 way to ,valp>aiso to visit ! sc5e ( ! mission1 & af=d ,capta9 ,g>d9] any aid he might require1 b1 on arriv+ at ! cove1 he f\nd x des]t$4 ,aft] a few days' se>* ! bodies 7 discov]$1 & fragm5ts ( a j\rnal writt5 by ,capta9 ,g>d9] gave pro( ( ! suff]+s :i* !y _h endur$ be=e dea? reliev$ !m f _! mis]y4 ,! spot has receiv$ ! "n ( ,/>vation ,bea*4 ,illu/ration3 #abi4 ,,/>vation ,,bea*4 ,illu/ration3 #acj4 ,,survey+ ,,9 ,,gre5l&4 ,,*apt] ,,xlii4 ,,*>les ,,francis ,,hall ,,& ,,! ,,innuits4 ,hall's ,exp$ition4--,8 e>ly ,life4--,8 read+ ( ,arctic ,adv5ture4--,8 ,resolve4--,8 ,arctic ,outfit4--,sets ,sail on ! 8,george ,h5ry40--,! ,voyage4--,kudlago4--,hol/e9borg1 ,gre5l&4--,population ( ,gre5l&4--,sails = ,davis's ,/rait4-- ,"* ( ! ,innuits4--,wreck ( ! 8,rescue40--,ebi]b+ & ,tookoolito4--,_! ,visit to ,engl&4--,hall's fir/ ,exploration4-- ,european & ,innuit ,life 9 ! ,arctic ,regions4--,build+ an ,igloo4--,almo/ ,/>v$4--,fight = ,food ) ,dogs4--,ebi]b+ arrives ) a ,seal4--,h[ he caught x4--,a ,seal-fea/4--,! ,innuits & ,seals4--,! ,pol> ,be>4--,h[ he tea*es ! ,innuits to cat* ,seals4--,at a ,seal-hole4--,dogs z ,seal-hunt]s4--,dogs & ,be>s4--,dogs & ,re9de]s4--,innuits & ,walruses4--,m ab\t ,igloos4--,innuit ,implem5ts4--,uses ( ! ,re9de]4--,innuit ,improvid5ce4--,a ,de]-fea/4--,a froz5 ,delicacy4--,:ale-sk9 z ,food4--,:ale-gum4--,h[ to eat ,:ale ,ligam5t4--,raw ,meat4-- ,! ,dress ( ! ,innuits4--,a pretty ,/yle4--,religi\s ,ideas ( ! ,innuits4--,_! k9dly ,"*4--,treatm5t ( ! ,ag$ & ,infirm4--,a ,woman ab&on$ to die4--,hall's ,attempt to rescue h]4--,! ,innuit ,nomads1 )\t any =m ( ,gov]nm5t4-- ,_! ,numb]s dim9i%+4--,a ,sailor w&]s away4--,hall's ,se>* = him4--,f9ds him froz5 to dea?4--,! ,%ip free f ,ice4--,prep>ations to return4--,reset 9 ! ,ice-pack4--,ano!r ,arctic ,w9t]4--,break+ up ( ! ,ice4--,dep>ture = ,home4-- ,tookoolito & h] ,*ild 8,butt]fly40--,dea? ( 8,butt]fly40-- ,arrival at ,home4--,results ( ,hall's ,exp$ition4--,innuit ,traditions4--,discov]y ( ,frobi%] ,relics4--,hall und]takes a second ,exp$ition4--,8 ,/atem5t ( its ,object & ,prospects4-- ,la/ ,tid+s ( ,hall4 ,among ! mo/ rem>kable exp$itions ev] und]tak5 9 ! ,pol> _w is t ( ,*>les ,francis ,hall1 p]=m$ dur+ ! ye>s #ahfj1 #ahfa1 & #ahfb4 ,its prim>y object 0 to discov] ! survivors ( ,sir ,john ,frankl9's p>ty2 = at ?is "t !re 0 good reason to believe t out ( ! #aje :o 7 kn[n to be liv+ on ! #be? ( ,april1 #ahdh1 "s 7 /ill surviv+4 ,t[>ds ! ma9 purpose ( ! und]tak+ no?+ 0 inde$ accompli%$4 ,hall came ^u no traces ( ,frankl9 & 8 m52 b he acquir$ a m accurate k ( ! ,esquimaux--or r z !y call !mselves1 & z we %all call !m1 ! ,innuits--a ^w mean+ simply 8m50 or 8p0--& _! mode ( life ?an 0 ev] be=e1 or is likely to be h]eaft]1 ga9$ by any o!r :ite man capable ( tell+ :at he saw1 & a "p ( :i* he 04 ,! rem>kable book 9 :i* ,mr4 ,hall describes 8 exp$ition#be seems n to h come "u ! notice ( ,dr4 ,h>tweg4 ,x is propos$ 9 ?is *apt] to supplem5t ! acc\nt ( ! ,innuits f ?is "w ( ,mr4 ,hall4 ,illu/ration3 #aca4 ,,hall ,,& ,,companions1 ,,9 ,,innuit ,,co/ume4 ,up to middle life ,hall _h resid$ 9 ! inl& city ( ,c9c9nati4 ,he _h eag]ly read e ?+ t he c\ld f9d on record ( ! se>*es made = ,frankl94 ,l>ge %ips & small %ips _h be5 s5t out4 ,brave he>ts & /\t h&s _h be5 enli/$ 9 ! se>*1 b ) no tangible result beyond asc]ta9+ ! spot :]e ! surviv+ #aje 7 :5 !y ab&on$ _! %ips & took to ! %ore1 hop+ to make _! way to _! homes4 ,only two ( ^! m5 7 prov5 to h di$2 & x 0 m ?an probable t ( ! #aje kn[n to h be5 liv+ 9 #ahdh1 "s w\ld yet be alive 9 #ahfj1 = n a few ( ^! m51 if liv+1 w\ld be /ill ( middle age4 ,hall _h read ! /ory ( ! suff]+s ( ,kane's p>ty dur+ ! long mon?s ( ! ,arctic w9t]1 b he _h come to ! conclusion t mo/ ( ^! result$ f ! mode ( life adopt$ by !m4 ,! ,innuits1 he knew1 liv$ to a good old age ?r\gh a succession ( su* w9t]s1 & he believ$ t a civiliz$ man c\ld live :]e a savage c\ld4 ,?is conviction 0 confirm$ by "o ( ,kane's companions1 :o told him1 8,:5 we liv$ l ! ,esquimaux1 we imm$iately recov]$1 & enjoy$ our usual heal?4 ,if ,provid5ce _h s ord]$ x t we %\ld ca/ our lot ) ! ,esquimaux1 ,i h no d\bt t we w\ld h liv$ q z long1 & 9 q z good heal? z 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates or ,engl&4 ,:ite m5 c live :]e ,esquimaux c1 & frequ5tly :5 & :]e !y c n40 ,s ,hall grew into ! conviction t "s ( ^! lo/ ones c\ld yet be f\nd2 & he writes1 8,x seem$ to me z if ,i _h be5 call$1 if ,i may s speak1 to try & d ! "w4 ,my he>t felt sore at ! ?\ght ( s great a my/]y 9 connection ) any ( our fell[-creatures1 especially ak9 to ourselves1 yet rema9+ unsolv$40 ,h[ %\ld he obey ?is call8 ,8 own means1 beyond a /\t frame & /rong w1 7 ( ! smalle/4 ,he broa*$ ! project at ! ,we/1 :]e x 0 receiv$ ) favor4 ,!n he came ,ea/1 & 0 met ) l consid]ation4 ,funds 7 rais$1 & ! exp$ition :i* ,hall contemplat$ 0 fitt$ out4 ,?is exp$ition consi/$ simply ( ,hall himself4 ,! ca% contribut$ = ! outfit 0 j #ihj1 ( :i* m ?an a ?ird 0 contribut$ by ,h5ry ,gr9nell1 ( ,new ,york4 ,9 addition to ?is 0 ab\t a qu>t] z mu* 9 ! way ( pres5ts4 8,^!10 says ,hall1 8con/itut$ all ! means & mat]ial ,i _h to c>ry out ! great und]tak+ my m9d _h l$ me to emb>k 940 ,hall's li/ ( ! articles on 8 outfit = a ?ree ye>s' resid5ce & exploration is wor?y ( record4 ,x %[s 9 :at way 8 #ihj 9 ca% 0 exp5d$4 8,my outfit10 he writes1 8= ! voyage & ! :ole ( my exp$ition1 consi/$ (3--a boat1 l5g? tw5ty-eight feet1 beam sev5 feet1 dep? tw5ty-n9e & "o-half in*es1 draw+ eight in*es ( wat] :5 load$ ) /ores & a crew ( six p]sons2 "o sl$ge2 "o half-ton ( pemmican2 two hundr$ p\nds ( ,bord5's meat biscuit2 tw5ty p\nds pork scrap2 "o p\nd pres]v$ qu9ce2 "o p\nd pres]v$ pea*es2 two hundr$ & fifty p\nds p[d]2 a quantity ( ball1 %ot1 & p]cussion caps2 "o rifle1 six d\ble-b>rell$ guns2 "o ,colt's revolv]2 beads1 ne$les1 etc41 = pres5ts2 two doz5 pocket-knives2 "s t9 w>e2 "o axe1 two picks1 files1 etc42 tobacco & pipes2 we>+ app>el = self1 & r$ %irts = natives2 /ation]y & j\rnal-books2 wat*1 op]a-glass1 spy-glass2 sextant1 pocket sextant1 artificial horizon1 azimu? compass1 common compass1 two pocket compasses2 ?ree ord9>y & two self-regi/]+ !rmomet]s4 ,"s navigation-books & sev]al ,arctic works1 ) my ,bible & a few o!r volumes1 =m$ my libr>y40 ,! boat & fixtures co/ "o hundr$ & tw5ty-five doll>s2 meat1 biscuit1 pemmican1 etc41 ab\t two hundr$ & fifty doll>s2 a/ronomical in/rum5ts1 ab\t "o hundr$ doll>s2 guns & acc\trem5ts1 ab\t two hundr$ & tw5ty-five doll>s2 clo?+1 fifty doll>s2 pipes & tobacco1 tw5ty doll>s2 travell+ exp5ses & express paym5ts1 sev5ty-five doll>s2 dog-team1 b\ght 9 ,gre5l&1 fifty doll>s4 ,! o!r items mak+ up ! n9e hundr$ & eighty doll>s are all duly giv54 ,x w be se5 t ! balance left = m9or1 b necess>y1 exp5ditures 0 v small4 ,new ,london1 ,connecticut1 is ! port f :i* vessels ma9ly sail = ! ,arctic :ale-fi%]y4 ,"h 0 ! place ( bus9ess4 ,williams & ,hav5 l>gely engag$ 9 t ent]prise4 ,!y reliev$ ,hall ( a great load ( anxiety by a brief note1 9 :i* !y said3 8,z a te/imony ( our p]sonal reg>d1 & ! int]e/ we feel 9 ! propos$ exp$ition1 we w convey x & its requir$ outfit1 boats1 sl$ges1 provisions1 in/rum5ts1 etc41 free ( *>ge1 on ! b>que #8,george ,h5ry1' to ,nor?umb]l& ,inlet2 &1 :5ev] desir$1 we w give ! same free passage home 9 any ( our vessels40 ,on ! #bi? ( ,may1 #ahfj1 ! 8,george ,h5ry0 set sail1 ) a crew1 (fic]s & m51 ( tw5ty-n9e s\ls4 ,accompany+ z t5d] 0 a s*oon]1 :i* _h a hi/ory4 ,%e 0 n[ kn[n z ! 8,am>et20 b "u ! "n ( ! 8,rescue0 %e _h won fame 9 ,arctic rese>*1 = 9 h] ,kane _h made 8 fir/ ,arctic voyage4 ,hall always calls h] by h] old "n1 & ! acc\nt ( h] loss =ms a /rik+ episode 9 8 n>rative4 ,illu/ration3 #acb4 ,,kudlago4 ,we h said t ,hall's exp$ition consi/$ ( himself alone4 ,b :5 he />t$ he _h ) him a companion1 :o he hop$ w\ld greatly aid him4 ,?is 0 ,kudlago1 an ,innuit1 :o _h acquir$ "s k ( our language 9 ,gre5l& f :al]s1 _h come to ! ,unit$ ,/ates on a :al+-vessel1 & 0 n[ anxi\s to return to ,gre5l&4 ,b he fell sick on ! voyage1 & di$ on ! #a/ ( ,july4 ,8 la/ words 71 8,d y see ! ice80 = he knew t ! appe>ance ( ice at ?is season w\ld %[ t he 0 ne> 8 home4 ,he di$ ?ree hundr$ miles at sea1 & 0 committ$ to ! ocean1 ,hall read+ ! fun]al s]vice4 ,a great iceb]g--! sl5d] "o repres5t$ on page #dh ( ?is volume--0 drift+ close by1 & ,hall nam$ x 8,kudlago's ,monum5t40 ,on ! #g? ( ,july !y rea*$ ,hol/e9borg1 ! capital ( ! ,dani% colony ( ,gre5l&1 a t[n consi/+ ( tw5ty-f\r h\ses4 ,! entire population ( ,gre5l& is e/imat$ at ab\t #bdej1 ( :om #bcjj are ,innuits1 & ! rema9d] ,europeans4 ,( ! ,innuits1 #agjj live by seal+1 & #djj by fi%+2 ! o!rs be+ ma9ly me*anics & sailors1 besides tw5ty native cate*i/s4 ,( ! ,europeans1 ?irty-"o are 8,fir/ & ,second ,gov]nors20 tw5ty-f\r mission>ies & prie/s2 ?irty-six cl]ks2 ! o!rs me*anics & sailors4 ,! =ty-f\r native & ,european mission>ies receive1 9 all1 #ac1fjj ,dani% pap] doll>s1 equal to ab\t #hejj 9 specie4 ,! head-s*oolma/] has "o hundr$ & tw5ty-five pap] doll>s2 ?ree o!rs receive "o hundr$ doll>s ea*2 ?ree1 tw5ty-five doll>s2 two1 six doll>s4 ,( ^! la/1 "o tea*es 8 own two *ildr51 :o are ! only ones 9 8 di/rict4 ,!re are also f\r wom51 :o get a doll> a ye> ea* = tea*+ *ildr5 _! lett]s4 ,! sixte5 ,gov]nm5t employs get f =ty to n9ety doll>s a ye>1 besides provisions = !mselves & _! families4 ,bread is bak$ = !m e =tnight4 ,! curr5cy ( ! colony is pap]1 ! 8six-skill+0 note be+ wor? ab\t ?ree c5ts4 ,illu/ration3 #acc4 ,,gre5l& ,,curr5cy4 ,! native ,gre5l&]s are by no means defici5t 9 intellig5ce4 ,mr4 ,hall gives a fac-simile ( a wood-cut repres5t+ a woman & *ild drawn & engrav$ by "o ( !m :o _h receiv$ no in/ruction 9 art1 & no education ( any sort beyond t ( ! majority ( 8 c\ntrym54 ,! great fe/ival ( ,gre5l& is ! bir?day ( ! ,k+ ( ,d5m>k1 9 :i* all ! population1 native & ,european1 :o c be assembl$1 take "p1 8 ,maje/y furni%+ ! *e]4 ,hall gives a view ( ?is celebration1 tak5 f a draw+ made by a native4 ,! orig9al draw+ 0 full ( "*4 ,! 8,rescue0 hav+ rejo9$ h] consort1 ! 8,george ,h5ry10 f :om %e _h be5 sep>at$ on ! voyage1 ! capta9 propos$ to set sail = 8 propos$ :al+-gr\nd on ! we/ side ( ,davis's ,/rait4 ,!y sail$ on ! #bd? ( ,july1 ,hall accompany+4 ,?ree days aft]1 !y enc\nt]$ a viol5t sn[-/orm1 & 7 beset by iceb]gs4 ,on ! #h? ( ,augu/ !y an*or$ 9 a bay 9 latitude #fc #bj1 call$ by ! natives ,ookoole>1 b by ,hall nam$ ,cornelius ,gr9nell ,bay4 ,"h & h]eab\ts ! :al]s w5t to "w1 & ,hall began 8 acqua9tance ) ! ,esquimaux at home4 ,illu/ration3 #acd4 ,,woman ,,& ,,*ild4 7,drawn & ,engrav$ by ,,an ,,innuit47 ,illu/ration3 #ace4 ,,fe/ival ,,( ,,! ,,bir?day ,,( ,,! ,,k+ ,,( ,,d5m>k4 ,among ^! 0 ,kook]jab91 ! wid[ ( ,kudlago1 & ( ?ree o!rs4 8,! ,innuits10 writes ,hall1 8are a happy p4 ,z !y cr[d$ our decks1 ,i "o day notic$ ab\t a doz5 wom5 seat$1 & busily engag$ at _! "w4 ,two 7 m5d+ "o ( ! boat's sails1 "s 7 *ew+ seal-sk9s = boot-soles1 o!rs 7 sew+1 :ile "o 0 t5d+ a cross baby4 ,x is r>e to f9d an ,innuit *ild :o is n v quiet1 b ?is little fell[ _h eat5 a piece ( raw blubb]1 :i* _h disord]$ him4 ,"s ( ! amus+ tricks play$ by ^! ,esquimaux wom5 are especially des]v+ ( notice4 ,! v>iety ( games p]=m$ by a /r+ ti$ at ! ends1 simil> to a #8cat's cradle1' completely ?r[s into ! %ade our adepts at home4 ,i nev] be=e witness$ su* a numb] ( intricate ways 9 :i* a simple /r+ c\ld be us$4 ,"o arrangem5t repres5t$ a de]2 ano!r1 a :ale2 a ?ird1 ! walrus2 a f\r?1 ! seal2 & s on )\t end40 ,illu/ration3 #acf4 ,,prep>+ ,,boot-,,soles4 ,! %ort ,arctic summ] soon came to a close4 ,on ! morn+ ( ! #bf? ( ,septemb] came light w9ds f ! nor?-we/2 by noon x began to sn[1 ! w9d increas+ to a gale4 ,! :al+-boats all came 91 & prep>ations 7 made = bad wea!r4 ,dur+ ! night ! /orm grew h\rly fi]c]4 ,! 8,rescue0 dragg$ h] an*or1 & 0 da%$ ^u ! rocks an utt] wreck4 ,hall's little boat1 ^u :i* he _h s mu* reli$1 0 torn f its moor+s & lo/1 8doom+ me10 says ,hall1 8to a wreck ( disappo9tm5t 9 ! hopes ,i _h *]i%$ conc]n+ h]4 ,! #8,george ,h5ry' 0 also 9 imm95t p]il1 b outrode ! tempe/2 b on h] next voyage1 eighte5 mon?s lat]1 0 lo/ at a po9t h>dly a hundr$ miles di/ant40 ,! 8,george ,h5ry0 0 soon aft] laid up 9 w9t]-qu>t]s1 fairly block$ 9 by ice4 ,hall 9 ! mean "t _h made himself acqua9t$ ) ! ,esquimaux ( ! region4 ,prom95t among ^! 7 a c\ple--husb& & wife--^: hi/ory is wor?y ( record4 ,illu/ration3 #acg4 ,,wreck ,,( ,,! ,,rescue4 ,"o day--x 0 ,novemb] #b--:ile ,hall 0 writ+ 9 8 cab91 he he>d a l[1 sweet voice say+1 8,good-morn+1 ,sir40 ,look+ up1 he saw a comely woman1 dress$ 9 v good imitation ( civiliz$ co/ume4 ,he _h he>d ( h] be=e4 ,h] "n 0 ,tookoolito4 ,%e 0 ! wife ( ,ebi]b+1 a r fam\s seal-hunt] & pilot4 ,sev5 ye>s be=e a ,briti% :al] _h tak5 !m to ,engl&1 :]e !y 7 receiv$ z ! lions ( ! day4 ,!y d9$ ) ,pr9ce ,alb]t1 & 7 introduc$ to ! ,que54 ,ebi]b+ ?\ght t ! ,que5 0 8v pretty20 inde$ %e bore no v di/ant lik5ess to 8 own wife4 ,tookoolito ?\ght ,pr9ce ,alb]t 0 a 8v k9d1 good man40 ,bo? agre$ t ! ,que5 _h 8a v f9e place40 ,tookoolito1 z _m ?\s&s 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates aft]w>ds _h occasion to "k1 spoke ,engli% almo/ p]fectly4 ,h] husb& 0 less flu5t1 b /ill q intelligible4 ,?is pair became ,hall's con/ant companions 9 ! ,arctic regions2 came ) him ^u 8 return to ! ,/ates1 rema9$ !re ) him = two ye>s1 & w5t back ) him ^u 8 second exp$ition1 :i* n[ 7,septemb]1 #ahfi7 is n complet$4 ,illu/ration3 #ach4 ,,! ,,george ,,h5ry ,,laid ,,up ,,= ,,! ,,w9t]4 ,e>ly 9 ,janu>y ,hall resolv$ to make an explor+ exp$ition ) ! dog-team :i* he _h b\ght at ,hol/e9borg4 ,! p>ty consi/$ ( himself1 ,ebi]b+1 ,tookoolito1 & ano!r ,esquimaux1 nam$ ,koodloo4 ,! sl$ge 0 drawn by t5 dogs--five ( :i* belong$ to ,hall1 & five to ,ebi]b+4 ,!y reli$ = food ma9ly ^u ! proce$s ( _! hunt+1 tak+ ) !m only a p\nd & a half ( pres]v$ mutton1 ?ree p\nds ( salt pork1 fifte5 p\nds ( sea-bread1 ?ree p\nds ( pork scraps = s\p1 & a little c(fee1 pepp]1 & molasses4 ,! trip la/$ ne>ly a mon? & a half1 dur+ :i* "t ,hall le>n$ to live l ! ,esquimaux 9 _! sn[ cab9s1 & subsi/$ ma9ly ^u raw seal fle%4 ,:5 he return$ to ! %ip x 0 h>d = him to accu/om himself to ! *ange f ! pure atmosph]e ( a sn[-h\se to ! conf9$ air ( a small cab94 ,illu/ration3 #aci4 ,,/orm-,,b\nd4 ,_h ,kane b kn[n h[ to pass an ,arctic w9t]1 ! _w w\ld nev] h _h occasion to read "o ( ! mo/ pa!tic acc\nts ev] writt5 ( suff]+4 ,budd+ton1 ! capta9 ( ! 8,george ,h5ry10 _h le>n$ ! lesson by de> exp]i5ce4 ,five ye>s be=e1 :5 9 comm& ( ano!r vessel1 he _h lo/ ?irte5 ( 8 m5 by scurvy4 8,b10 said he1 8,i am n n[ afraid ( los+ any m m5 by scurvy :ile ,i h comm& ov] !m4 ,:5ev] !re are appe>ances ( x on bo>d1 ,i w h e pork & beef b>rel--salt provisions ( e k9d--head$ up at once1 & e man %all live ^u bread & fre% provision1 su* z :ale1 walrus1 seal1 de]1 be>1 pt>migan1 duck1 & ! l4 ,x is n a little rem>kable t p]sons afflict$ ) scurvy seem madly incl9$ to salt provisions1 :i* !y "k to be 9 _! case absolute poisons4 ,!y w g any l5g? to obta9 salt pork1 ev5 :5 !y h fre% food 9 abundance40 ,hall's fir/ night 9 an igloo may /& z a sample ( _m m4 ,we cite1 ) mu* abridgm5t1 f 8 j\rnal3 8,we encamp$ at #e ,p4,m41 hav+ f\nd good mat]ial = build+ a sn[-h\se4 ,ebi]b+ & ,koodloo at once comm5c$ saw+ out sn[-blocks1 :ile ,i c>ri$ !m to a suitable spot = erect+ ! igloo1 :i* took u "o h\r to make4 ,z soon z x 0 complet$ ,tookoolito ent]$1 & comm5c$ plac+ ! /one lamp 9 its prop] position4 ,x 0 trimm$1 & soon a kettle ( sn[ 0 ov] x1 mak+ wat] = c(fee & s\p4 ,%e !n plac$ sev]al pieces ( bo>d1 :i* we _h br\ght ) u1 on ! sn[ plat=m :]e our b$s 7 to be made4 ,^u ^! 7 plac$ canvas & de]-sk9s1 & our sleep+ accommodations 7 complete4 ,! dry+ ( any ?+ t has become wet dur+ ! day falls to ! lot ( ! woman4 ,%e places !m 9 a net hung ov] ! lamp & att5ds to !m ?r\gh ! night1 mean:ile m5d+ all articles ( clo?+ t ne$ repairs4 ,pres5tly our ev5+ meal 0 ready4 ,x consi/$ ( ,c9c9nati #8crackl+' s\p1 a bit ( raw salt pork1 half a biscuit = ea*1 & c(fee40 ,illu/ration3 #adj4 ,,innuit ,,/one ,,lamp4 ,a sn[-h\se1 built 9 an h\r1 is ab&on$ :5 ! use = x is ov]4 ,! dogs are suff]$ to ent]1 & appropriate any ?+ t is left :i* suits _! ta/e4 ,no?+ comes amiss to !m4 ,on ! ?ird night ,hall _h 8 hair cut by ,tookoolito1 & ! clipp+s 7 left on ! floor4 ,! dogs swall[$ ^!1 among o!r ?+s4 ,/ormy wea!r soon came on4 ,!re 0 no hunt+ or seal+1 & ! p>ty _h no?+ to eat except "s bits ( raw1 froz5 :ale's-sk9 :i* !y f\nd 9 a ca*e1 :i* a p>ty f ! %ip _h made a few weeks be=e4 ,n f> (f 0 an igloo belong+ to an ,innuit nam$ ,ug>ng1 :om !y knew4 ,hall w5t to x hop+ to f9d some?+ to eat4 ,ug>ng _h j come 91 hav+ sp5t two :ole days & a night 9 wat*+ ov] a seal-hole )\t success4 ,he _h he>d ! seal bl[1 & t 0 all4 ,he bore 8 disappo9tm5t coolly4 8,away ,i g tomorr[ aga910 he said4 ,he w5t next day1 rema9$ all night ov] ! seal-hole1 & came back ) no?+4 8,?is 0 v bad = ! :ole ( u10 says ,hall4 ,h[ bad x 0 = ! poor wife ( ,ug>ng & h] *ildr5 may be inf]r$ f h] own words4 ,!y 7 )\t food or light2 h] infant 0 re/less f hung]4 ,%e said simply1 8,me got no milk1 meat all gone1 blubb] too2 no?+ to eat1 no heat2 mu/ wait till get seal40 ,hall 0 ab\t z ne> />vation z 7 ! ,innuits4 ,all he _h to eat 0 a bit ( ! 8black sk90 ( a :ale1 & ?is he reli%$2 he c\ld h eat5 any ?+ :i* w\ld h gone to keep up int]nal heat1 & make bone & fle%4 ,ebi]b+ 0 away hunt+4 ,at l5g? ,tookoolito manag$ to extemporize a w>m d9n]4 ,f ! black sk9 %e tri$ out en\gh oil to fill ! lamp & heat "s sn[-wat]4 ,?is 0 ?ick5$ ) a c\ple ( ounces left ( a qu>t ( meal :i* =m$ a "p ( ! /ores ) :i* !y set out4 ,! pair %>$ ! 8pudd+10 & ?\ght x excell5t4 ,! cold 0 sev]e4 ,)9 ! d>k igloo ! !rmomet] /ood at ab\t z]o2 outside1 #be to #eb bel[ z]o4 ,"u ^! circum/ances ,hall kept at 8 j\rnal1 sitt+ wrapp$ 9 furs to keep f freez+4 ,s pass$ t5 days4 ,ebi]b+ _h gone back to ! vessel 9 ord] to br+ back "s food4 ,day by day ,hall w5t to ! top ( a hill1 /ra9+ 8 eyes ov] ! sn[y wa/e 9 hope ( see+ ! approa* ( ! mess5g]4 ,on ! ev5+ ( ! #bd? ( ,janu>y1 f\rte5 days aft] _! />t+ ^u ! exp$ition1 !y 7 r$uc$ to _! la/ ration ( food1 :i* 0 a piece ( black sk9 two in*es long1 an in* & a half wide1 & ?ree-qu>t]s ( an in* ?ick4 ,at midnight foot/eps 7 he>d approa*+2 ,hall sprang f 8 b$ & op5$ ! sn[-block door4 ,!re 0 8,jack10 an ,innuit1 :o _h gone out on a hunt1 ) 8 spe> /rung ) /rips ( seal-blubb]4 ,hall's favorite dog _h be5 all[$ to sleep 9 ! igloo4 ,! half-/>v$ creature sc5t$ ! blubb]1 gave a desp]ate leap1 & grasp$ a portion ( ! food1 & 9 spite ( all ! ef=ts ( ,hall & ! o!rs swall[$ x4 ,be=e ! door c\ld be clos$ all ! o!r dogs outside 7 ar\s$1 & fight+ = a %>e4 ,among !m !y got ne>ly ! :ole4 ,next morn+ ,hall w5t out1 & gaz+ 9 ! direction f :i* ! approa* ( ,ebi]b+ 0 hop$ =1 saw some?+ black mov+ ov] ! sn[4 ,x 0 ,ebi]b+ ) dogs & a sl$ge1 load$ ) provisions f ! %ip1 & also ) a seal :i* he _h caught t morn+4 ,a great seal-fea/ took place at once1 :i* ,hall ?us describes3 ,illu/ration3 #ada4 ,,fight+ ,,= ,,food4 8,accord+ to ,innuit cu/om1 an imm$iate invitation 0 giv5 by ! successful hunt]'s family = e "o to att5d a seal-fea/4 ,our igloo 0 soon cr[d$4 ,my /ation 0 on ! dais1 or b$-place1 s t ,i c\ld wat* :at 0 go+ on4 ,! fir/ ?+ done 0 to consecrate ! blubb] by spr9kl+ wat] ov] x4 ,!n our ho/ proce$$ to sep>ate ! blubb] & sk9 f ! meat & skeleton ( ! seal4 ,! body 0 !n op5$1 & ! blood scoop$ out4 ,! blood is consid]$ v preci\s4 ,! liv] came next1 cut into pieces & eat5 raw1 ,i gett+ a %>e4 ,!n foll[$ di/ribut+ ! ribs1 = social pick+1 also eat5 raw1 ,i do+ my duty1 & becom+ q an ,innuit 9 all except 9 ! quantity eat54 ,?is ,i might *all5ge any :ite man to d4 ,no human /oma* b an ,innuit's c\ld possibly hold :at ,i saw ^! m5 & wom5 dev\r4 ,:5 ! fea/ 0 end$1 ! company disp]s$4 ,tookoolito !n s5t ar\nd b\ntiful gifts ( seal-blubb] = fire-lamps1 also "s seal-meat & blood4 ,?is is ! usual cu/om among ! ,innuits4 ,!y %>e ea* o!r's success1 & be> ea* o!r's wants4 ,g5]ally if x is f\nd t "o is %ort ( provisions1 x may be kn[n t all are s40 ,illu/ration3 #adb4 ,,?r\gh ,,! ,,sn[4 ,! mann] 9 :i* ,ebi]b+ secur$ t preci\s seal is a /rik+ example ( ,innuit pati5ce4 ,on 8 way to ! %ip ! dogs discov]$ a seal-hole4 ,he m>k$ ! spot by mak+ a small pile ( sn[ close by1 & squirt+ a m\?ful ( tobacco-juice ^u x by way ( m>k4 ,on 8 return he f\nd ! hole1 & det]m9$ to try to secure ! animal4 ,s wrapp+ 8 feet & legs 9 furs tak5 f ! sl$ge1 he took 8 position1 spe> 9 h&1 ov] ! seal-hole4 ,x 0 buri$ two feet deep "u ! sn[4 ,he ?ru/ 8 spe> ?r\gh ! sn[ aga9 & aga9 until he f\nd ! little ap]ture lead+ ?r\gh ! ice2 !n 9 ! d>k night he seat$ himself close by1 wait+ to he> ! bl[+ ( ! seal4 ,t[>ds morn+ ! welcome s\nd 0 he>d4 ,"o well-aim$ ?ru/ ( ! spe> secur$ ! prize4 ,ebi]b+ 0 ne>ly froz51 8 nose be+ fro/bitt52 b he suff]$ m f ?ir/ ?an f cold4 ,!re 0 inde$ sn[ all ar\nd1 b 9 t int5se cold ! m\? does n reta9 suffici5t caloric to melt a piece ( sn[ plac$ 9 x4 ,8 fir/ call :5 he rea*$ ! igloo 0 = wat]4 ,to wat* all night at a seal-hole w\ld seem to be a suffici5t trial ( pati5ce & endurance2 b ,hall notes ano!r "t :5 ,ebi]b+ pass$ two :ole days & nights )\t food by a hole1 & !n fail$ to secure ! seal4 ,to ! ,innuit ! seal is1 9 ! broade/ s5se1 ! /aff ( life4 ,x is to !m all t flocks & h]ds1 gra9-fields1 =e/s1 coal m9es1 & petroleum wells are to dwell]s 9 m favor$ l&s4 ,x furni%es to !m food1 fuel1 & clo?+4 ,! seal is ! mo/ w>y & suspici\s ( creatures2 to capture him dem&s a pati5ce & dext]ity :i* ?r[s into ! %ade all ! exploits ( de]-/alk]s & lion-hunt]s4 8,nut*ook10 = s ! ,innuits "n ! seal1 has good reason = w>9ess1 = 8 *ief enemy1 8,n9oo10 ! be>1 aga9/ :om he has to keep con/ant wat*1 is a ke5 hunt]4 ,! ,innuits ackn[l$ge t 8,n9oo0 has taught !m h[ to cat* 8,nut*ook10 ! common seal1 & 8 big c\s9 8,oookgook10 ! great seal4 ,hall1 no contemptible sportsman1 ackn[l$ges t he 0 nev] able to get )9 rifle-%ot ( a seal :5 bask+ ^u ! ice2 yet ,n9oo cat*es !m ) 8 own paws2 & ! ,innuits1 taught by him1 come )9 ! di/ance ( a spe>'s ca/4 ,illu/ration3 #adc4 ,,wait+ ,,by ,a ,,seal-,,hole4 ,! way ,n9oo goes to "w at seal-hunt+ ^u ! ice1 accord+ to ,innuit acc\nts1 is ?is3 ,he sees f> away ^u ! ice a black spot1 :i* he kn[s to be a seal re/+ at ! edge ( 8 hole1 & tak+ a succession ( 8cat naps10 h>dly t5 seconds long1 lift+ up 8 head betwe5 times1 & n>r[ly survey+ ! :ole horizon4 ,n9oo fl+s himself ^u 8 side1 & creeps along :5 ! seal's head is d[n4 ,! mom5t ! seal's head is rais$ ! be> /ops %ort1 & beg9s 8talk+0 to ! seal4 ,! s\nd :i* he utt]s is q di/9ct f 8 ord9>y voice4 ,! seal is *>m$1 suspects no h>m1 & d[n goes 8 head = ano!r nap4 ,=w>d goes ,n9oo1 & s on = a long "t1 until he gets )9 leap+ di/ance2 !n "o spr+1 & x is all ov] ) ,nut*ook4 ,! ,innuits say t if !y c\ld only talk to ,nut*ook z clev]ly z ,n9oo does1 !y w\ld cat* m seals4 ,! ,innuit imitates ,n9oo4 ,illu/ration3 #add4 ,,look+ ,,= ,,seals4 ,hall describes "o ( ^! hunts1 ! ma9 actor be+ an ,innuit nam$ ,koojesse3 8,koojesse _h #8talk' ) seals1 & x 0 ) great int]e/ t ,i wat*$ him4 ,he lay d[n on "o side1 & crawl$ by hit*es or j]ks t[>ds 8 victim2 !n z ! seal rais$ its head ,koojesse w\ld /op1 & comm5c$ paw+ ) 8 "r h& & foot1 :ile he utt]$ 8 #8seal-talk4' ,on ?is ! seal w\ld feel a *>m1 raise & %ake its flipp]s bo? =e & aft1 & roll ov] on its side & back z if p]fectly delight$2 aft] ?is x w\ld drop its head to sleep4 ,!n ,koojesse w\ld hit* along till ! seal's head w\ld pop up aga91 :i* usually occurr$ e few mom5ts40 ,9 ?is p>ticul> case ! seal escap$1 = ! ,innuit _h approa*$ too ne>1 & _h ?us brok5 ! *>m4 ,illu/ration3 #ade4 ,,innuit ,,/rategy ,,to ,,capture ,a ,,seal4 ,9 ! w9t]1 :5 ! seal lives "u ! ice1 its capture requires great skill & p]sev]ance4 ,%e1 = someh[ ! male seal seems n[ n to be notic$1 has a brea?+-hole ?r\gh ! ice1 to :i* %e mu/ come n[ & !n = air4 ,^u ! surface ( ! solid ice1 :i* is cov]$ ) sn[1 ! prospective "m con/ructs an igloo = h] prog5y4 ,%e scrapes (f ! sn[ until %e has =m$ a dome1 c>ry+ away ! sn[ d[n ?r\gh ! hole 9 ! ice4 ,^u ! %elf ( ice surr\nd+ ! hole ! "y "o is born1 & !re x is regul>ly visit$ by ! "m4 ,none b v ke5-sc5t$ animals1 su* z ! be>1 fox1 & dog1 c discov] su* an igloo4 ,! dog sometimes captures a seal4 ,hall describes su* an ev5t3 8,ebi]b+ _h "o day be5 out ) dogs & sl$ge :]e ! ice 0 /ill firm1 :5 sudd5ly a seal 0 notic$ ahead4 ,9 an in/ant ! dogs 7 (f t[>ds ! prey1 draw+ ! sl$ge aft] !m at a m>vell\s rate4 ,! seal = a mom5t act$ z if fright5$1 & kept on ! ice a second or two too long1 = j z he plung$1 ,smile1 ! be/ seal & be> dog ,i ev] saw1 caught him by ! tail & flipp]s4 ,! seal /ruggl$ viol5tly1 & s did ,smile2 b 9 a mom5t m ! o!r dogs laid hold1 & aid$ 9 dragg+ ! seal out ( 8 hole1 :5 ,smile took x 9 *>ge4 ,! prize 0 secur$ :olly by ! dogs40 ,illu/ration3 #adf4 ,,seal-,,hole ,,& ,,igloo4 ,illu/ration3 #adg4 ,,wait+ ,,= ,a ,,bl[4 ,dogs seem to hunt ! seal only ^u _! ma/]'s acc\nt2 b ! fox & ! be> capture him = !mselves4 ,h[ ! fox contrives to get into a seal igloo we are n told2 b z !y manage to break op5 ! be/ pack$ provision-cases1 we may assume t !y "k h[ to commit burgl>y ^u ! igloo ( a poor seal4 ,if ! ,innuits are to be believ$1 ! way ! be> goes to "w is ?is3 ,:5 he has sc5t$ out ! precise position ( an igloo he goes back a little di/ance1 s z to get a good run2 & !n1 giv+ a high leap1 comes d[n ) all 8 weight ^u ! ro( ( ! dome1 cru%es x 91 & ) 8 paw seizes ! "y seal1 :o 0 quietly asleep ^u ! ice-%elf4 ,! cunn+ be> is n always satisfi$ ) ! little infant seal1 b uses x z a bait to cat* its "m4 ,hav+ caught ! "y "o1 & hold+ x fa/ by ! h9d flipp]s1 ! be> scrapes away all ! sn[1 & lets ! "y seal paddle ab\t 9 ! wat]2 its cries draw ! "m to ! hole1 & )9 rea* ( ! be>'s paw1 :5 "o grab is giv51 & ! anxi\s "m is secur$4 ,at all ev5ts ! ,innuits practise ?is sort ( /rategy ) ! seal1 & !y decl>e t !y h le>n$ x f ! be>4 ,! be> is to ! ,innuits ! embodim5t ( all wisdom4 ,!y tell /ories ( 8 sagacity :i* are h>d to believe4 ,?us !y say t :5 he sees a walrus bask+ ^u ! ice at ! foot ( a high cliff1 he m\nts to ! summit ( ! cliff1 & pick+ up a big /one fl+s x d[n ) p]fect aim ^u ! head ( ! walrus & cru%es its ?ick skull4 ,if x %\ld happ5 t ! walrus is only /unn$1 ! be> crawls d[n ! cliff1 picks up a /one1 & ) x hamm]s away at ! head ( ! walrus until ! skull is brok54 ,?is /ory ( ! ,innuits ne$s confirmation1 ?\gh ,hall seems to cr$it x4 ,illu/ration3 #adh4 ,,dog ,,& ,,seal4 ,! dog is ess5tial to ! exi/5ce ( ! ,innuits4 ,z !y h nev] dome/icat$ ! re9de]1 )\t ! dog !y c\ld n travel f place to place1 :i* !y are oblig$ to d 9 ord] to foll[ ! migrations ( ! seal & walrus1 ^u :i* !y ma9ly subsi/4 ,)\t him !y c\ld nev] f9d out ! holes 9 ! ice ?r\gh :i* ! seal comes up to brea! 9 ! w9t]4 ,_! dogs seem to be mu* m intellig5t & docile ?an ^? ( any o!r ( ! ,pol> tribes4 ,:5 "o is f\nd to be m ?an usually intellig5t he is c>efully tra9$ z a seal-dog4 ,:5 ! dog sc5ts a seal-hole1 :i* he does ?\gh x is cov]$ deep "u ! sn[1 he un]r+ly foll[s ! sc5t to ! v spot4 ,illu/ration3 #adi4 ,,spe>+ ,,?r\gh ,,! ,,sn[4 ,! ,innuit proce$s to 8prospect0 by driv+ ! sl5d] spe> ?r\gh ! sn[ until he f9ds ! small op5+ 9 ! ice :i* leads to ! ma9 hole4 ,he !n )draws ! spe>1 tak+ ! utmo/ c>e n to di/urb ! sn[1 & seats himself close by to await ! com+ ( ! seal4 ,he wat*es = h\rs1 & sometimes = days1 be=e he he>s ! welcome 8bl[40 ,at ! second or ?ird puff1 he kn[s t ! nose ( ! seal is at ! bottom ( ! brea?+-hole1 p]haps two y>ds bel[ ! spot :]e he is /&+4 ,! spe> mu/ be ?ru/ ) p]fect accuracy2 = an error ( a qu>t] ( an in* on ei!r side w\ld miss ! hole1 & ! spe>-po9t w\ld /rike ! solid ice1 & ! seal w\ld be away 9 an in/ant4 ,if ! bl[ is well-aim$ & at ! "r in/ant1 x pi]ces ! head ( ! unse5 seal1 :o in/antly dives1 & runs out ! eight or t5 fa?oms ( l9e :i*1 fa/5$ to ! h>poon1 is ti$ ar\nd ! wai/ ( ! ,innuit4 ,! sn[ is !n dug away1 ! brea?+-hole enl>g$1 s z to p]mit ! seal to be drawn ?r\gh4 ,illu/ration3 #aej4 ,,dogs ,,& ,,be>4 ,! dogs also take special delight 9 hunt+ ! be>4 ,:5 a team sc5t a be> x is impossible to re/ra9 !m4 ,once :5 ,hall 0 on a j\rney a be> ) h] cub 0 se5 on ! ice at ! foot ( a high m\nta94 ,:5 )9 two hundr$ y>ds1 ! lead+ dog 0 cut loose1 & he made /raight = ! be>2 "o by "o ! o!rs 7 set free f ! sl$ge1 & all 7 9 hot pursuit4 ,"o dog set ^u ! cub1 & f9ally sep>at$ x f its "m2 ano!r caught ! dam2 & bo? roll$ d[n a precipice1 up :i* ! be> scrambl$ aga9 & escap$1 = x 0 s /eep t ! dogs c\ld n foll[4 ,all ! dogs1 elev5 9 numb]1 n[ set ^u ! cub4 ,hall com+ up1 ! "y brute made at him2 he ran x ?r\gh ) 8 spe>4 ,he expect$ t ! ,innuits w\ld applaud 8 c\rage & dext]ity2 b !y %ook _! heads & said no?+ at ! "t4 ,!y soon %[$ ! utmo/ det]m9ation to leave ! neighborhood1 & expla9$ by say+ t ! old be> w\ld come back at night1 smell ! blood ( ! cub1 & become enrag$1 & kill !m all4 ,! ,innuits avoid kill+ a "y be> until !y h dispat*$ ! old "o1 = !y say t kn[+ ! dea? ( h] "y makes h] a hundr$ times m t]rible4 ,al?\gh ! liv] ( ! seal is held to be a great delicacy1 ! ,innuits nev] eat t or ! head ( ! be>2 nor1 if !y c prev5t x1 w !y suff] _! dogs to d s4 ,illu/ration3 #aea4 ,,b>bek>k ,,& ,,! ,,re9de]4 ,! ,innuit dogs also sometimes hunt ! re9de]4 ,hall's dogs "o day gave *ase to a de]1 & "o ( !m1 ,b>bek>k1 sprung at its ?roat1 & bit ?r\gh sk91 w9dpipe1 jugul>1 & tongue1 tak+ out ! piece z cle>ly z ?\gh x _h be5 cut ) a knife4 ,b>bek>k 0 br\ght to ! ,unit$ ,/ates by ,mr4 ,hall1 & di$ !re4 ,8 /uff$ sk9 %[$ him to be a noble bea/ ( unusual size4 ,illu/ration3 #aeb4 ,,head ,,( ,,re9de]4 ,! walrus ent]s l>gely into ! supplies ( ! ,innuits4 ,!y manife/ mu* c\rage & skill 9 h>poon+ ^! unga9ly bea/s4 ,! hunt] goes out arm$ ) a lance & a peculi> h>poon made = t purpose4 ,a long hide-rope is atta*$ to ! head ( ! h>poon1 & coil$ ar\nd ! neck ( ! hunt]1 :o crawls along until he comes )9 /rik+ di/ance ( ! walrus1 :o lies bask+ ^u ! ice4 ,! walrus dives at once2 ! hunt] slips ! coil (f f 8 neck1 & fa/5s ! end ( x to a spe> driv5 into ! ice2 ?us te!r+ ! animal4 ,z soon z ! walrus comes up he is dispat*$ ) a long lance4 ,%\ld ! ,innuit fail to slip (f ! coil 9 "t1 he w\ld infallibly be drawn into ! wat]1 & almo/ c]ta9ly lose 8 life2 b z ,hall records no in/ance ( su* a cata/rophe1 we inf] t ^! r>ely happ54 ,illu/ration3 #aec4 ,,spe>+ ,,! ,,walrus4 ,! ,innuits %[ rem>kable +5uity 9 avail+ !mselves ( e facility af=d$ by _! inhospitable c\ntry4 ,( _! igloos or sn[-h\ses we h already spok54 ,9 half an h\r a c\ple ( m5 w build "o ( ^!1 :i* answ]s v well = a tempor>y %elt]4 ,:5 "o is to be built = a long] resid5ce1 m c>e is tak5 9 ! con/ruction4 ,a site is *os5 :]e ! sn[ is h>d-- if possible1 ov] a runn+ /ream1 s t !y c obta9 wat] )\t ! labor ( melt+ ! ice4 ,a circle is m>k$ out = ! gr\nd plan4 ,blocks ( sn[ are cut ) a l>ge knife or saw4 ,^! blocks are ?ree feet long1 eighte5 in*es wide1 & six in*es ?ick1 %ap$ r\nd+1 s t ea* block =ms ! segm5t ( a circle ( ! propos$ diamet] ( ! igloo4 ,! blocks are slightly tap]$ (f on ! inn] side1 & are laid spirally1 "o man build+ f )91 :ile ! o!r br+s ! blocks f )\t4 ,! c\rses gr[ small] & small] z ! dome rises1 until !re is only a n>r[ op5 circle1 into :i* a block ( sn[ is dropp$ by way ( key/one1 b9d+ ! :ole dome firmly toge!r4 ,! man )9 n[ c>efully exam9es e "p1 & if !re are any op5+s left !y are /opp$ up ) sn[4 ,a hole = a door is !n cut2 & ?r\gh ?is are pass$ ! sn[-blocks to build ! divan1 :i* =ms ! seats & b$4 ,a tunnel-l passage is !n dug & cov]$ ov]4 ,?is is s l[ & n>r[ t "o mu/ crawl on all f\rs to pass ?r\gh x4 ,! out] door ( ! passage consi/s ( a block ( ice or h>d sn[ fitt+ closely to ! op5+ & turn+ ^u a sort ( pivot4 ,! usual diamet] ( a family igloo is twelve or sixte5 feet1 & its height ab\t eight4 ,x w accommodate t5 or a doz5 p4 ,illu/ration3 #aed4 ,,innuit ,,igloos4 ,:5 newly built1 an igloo is "o ( ! mo/ beautiful /ructures conceivable4 ,! blocks are m transp>5t ?an ! cle>e/ alaba/] & :it] ?an ! pure/ m>ble1 b !y soon become defac$ by ! smoke & ! fil? ( all k9ds :i* rapidly accumulates4 ,ap>t f ! divan1 almo/ ! only article ( furniture is ! /one lamp1 :i* s]ves ! purpose bo? ( lamp & furnace4 ,x rem9ds "o ( an implem5t common among civiliz$ p1 & kn[n z an 8,etna40 ,illu/ration3 #aee4 ,,walrus ,,skull ,,& ,,tusks4 ,! ,innuits %[ great dext]ity 9 ! con/ruction ( _! implem5ts & 9 ! fabrication ( _! clo?+4 ,_! canoes h be5 ! admiration ( e voyag] 9 ! ,arctic regions1 & !y are wond]fully dext]\s 9 ! managem5t ( !m4 ,_! sl$ges h ! runn]s made ( bits ( bone +5i\sly ti$ toge!r ) ! s9ews ( ! de]4 ,:5 !y wi% !m to run v smoo?ly !y %oe !m ) ice1 by simply squirt+ f _! m\?s a ?9 /ream ( wat] ^u ! runn]1 :]e x congeals 9 an in/ant4 ,! 8oodloo10 or woman's knife1 is %ap$ l our common meat-*opp]4 ,x is made ( bone1 m]ely edg$ ) iron2 b 9 ! h&s ( an ,innuit woman x takes ! place ( ! knife1 hat*et1 scrap]1 & %e>s ( h] civiliz$ si/]s4 ,! diff]5t k9ds ( spe>s & h>poons us$ 9 captur+ ! seal1 walrus1 & :ale are admirably adapt$ = _! purpose4 ,we d\bt :e!r we c\ld improve ^u ! design1 &1 ) all our facilities 9 ! way ( mat]ial1 v mu* 9 ! way ( execution4 ,! ,innuits h cle>ly giv5 _! :ole m9ds to ! fabrication ( ^! weapons4 ,!y h ! b[ & arr[1 & are q clev] 9 its employm5t2 b = !m x is ( little use except 9 ! %oot+ ( birds1 = a seal or walrus w\ld n ev5 feel an arr[ %ot f ! /ronge/ b[4 ,illu/ration3 #aef4 ,,! ,,woman',s ,,knife4 ,al?\gh ! ,innuits h nev] dome/icat$ ! re9de]1 x yet plays a great "p 9 _! economy4 ,_! clo?+ & b$d+ is compos$ almo/ :olly ( de]-sk91 :i* is "o ( ! be/ non-conductors ( heat kn[n4 ,ev5 :5 ! !rmomet] m>ks #gj degrees bel[ ! freez+-po9t1 !y nev] use b "o = b$d+2 & ,mr4 ,hall says t he has slept "u a doz5 ( ! be/ wooll5 blankets & be5 almo/ froz51 :ile a s+le sl5d] sk9 kept him abundantly w>m4 ,dur+ ! summ] ! de] furni%es a great "p ( ! food ( ! p4 ,! grass & mosses ^u :i* ! de] live are v abundant4 ,n[h]e1 except on ! prairies ( ! ,we/1 _h ,hall ev] se5 su* luxuriant pa/urage1 & ! de] 9 ,augu/ 7 s pl5tiful t !y 7 kill$ m]ely = ! sake ( _! hides & tall[1 :i* is a great luxury1 fully equal1 9 ,hall's op9ion1 to ! f9e/ butt]4 ,if ! ,innuits w\ld only /ore up _! provisions 9 ! season ( pl5ty1 !y ne$ nev] suff] f fam9e2 b !y nev] d ?is1 & ! consequ5ce is t f ,novemb] till ,may !y are almo/ always on ! v]ge ( />vation1 :ile dur+ ! re/ ( ! ye> !y revel 9 pl5ty4 ,illu/ration3 #aeg4 ,,innuit ,,implem5ts4 ,z a p5dant to ,mr4 ,hall's acc\nt ( a seal-fea/1 we give 8 description ( a re9de]-fea/4 ,! date is ,decemb]1 ! season ( sc>city4 8,f\r mon?s be=e1 !y _h m de]-meat ?an !y c\ld eat--& ! quantity t an ,innuit & 8 dog c consume is some?+ almo/ incr$ible4 ,b "o day a man came 9 f a hunt+ excursion be>+ ) him a portion ( ! c>casses ( two de]1 froz5 z h>d z a rock4 ,a g5]al invitation = a fea/ 0 ( c\rse giv5 out2 & ! entire population1 ab\t ?irty 9 all1 ru%$ 94 ,sampson1 ! giv] ( ! fea/1 act$ z ma/] ( c]emonies4 ,he fir/ made ! ladies on ! b$ give away1 s z to cle> a space :]eon he might d ! c>v+4 ,!n he plac$ a huge seal-sk9 on ?is spot1 by way ( tableclo?1 ^u :i* ! froz5 c>cass 0 laid4 ,?is he began to c>ve ) a hat*et4 ,slabs ( its side 7 *opp$ & peel$ (f2 *ips ( ice flew "h & !re into ! faces ( ! gue/s at ea* /roke ( ! axe4 ,z fa/ z ! fragm5ts ( v5ison roll$ (f1 o!r m5 took ! pieces1 & by means ( a saw & seal-knives r$uc$ !m to a size adapt$ = h&l+4 ,!n ,sampson di/ribut$ ^! bits1 "o to ea*1 till e mill _h its gri/ to gr9d4 ,?us = half an h\r ,sampson c>v$2 !n 8 hat*et-h&le broke (f close up to ! head4 ,ano!r axe 0 s5t =1 & mean:ile1 ) ! half ( a saw1 ! two saddles 7 divid$ into ! prop] numb] ( pieces1 ready = di/ribution4 ,! c>cass 0 !n once m attack$1 & ! %ell 0 brok51 split1 & saw$ to pieces4 ,9 x 0 ! #8k]nel1' to :i* all look$ ) anxi\s eyes2 ?is 0 at la/ divid$ into z _m pieces z !re 7 pieces ( saddle1 & !n "o ( ea* 0 giv5 to e gue/4 ,i receiv$ my %>e ) gratitude1 &1 ) a piece 9 ea* h&1 began eat+4 ,i bit (f a m\?ful ( ! saddle-piece2 x 0 good4 ,i took a morsel ( ! o!r2 x 0 delightful3 its flavor 0 a k9d ( sorrel acid2 x _h an ambrosial ta/e2 x fairly melt$ 9 my m\?4 ,:5 ne>ly ?r\gh1 ,i _h ! curiosity to cr[d my way to a light to see :at ?is delici\s froz5 food 01 = :]e ,i sat ,i 0 %ad$ by l>ge =ms betwe5 me & ! firelight4 ,i look$ at x1 roll$ x ov]1 & look$ aga94 ,behold1 x 0 ! cont5ts ( a re9de]'s paun*6 ,on ?is discov]y ,i /opp$ fea/+ = t night40 ,mr4 ,hall passes judgm5t ^u v>i\s o!r articles ( ,innuit food4 ,seal's blood1 smok+ hot1 is excell5t4 ,! sk9 ( ! :ale1 ?ree-qu>t]s ( an in* ?ick1 look+ l ,india-rubb]1 ev5 :5 raw1 is good eat+2 b :5 boil$ & s\s$ 9 v9eg>1 is mo/ excell5t4 ,! 8gum0 ( ! :ale1 t is1 ! sub/ance 9 :i* :alebone is set1 is a special ,innuit delicacy2 x looks l cocoa-nut meat1 & ta/es l unripe *e/nuts4 ,hall c\ld n fully appreciate ?is2 b he adds sav+ly1 8,if ! /ruggle 0 = life1 & its pres]vation dep5d$ ^u ! act1 ,i w\ld und\bt$ly eat :ale's gum until ,i got some?+ bett] to my lik+40 ,once a sub/ance :i* look$ l a *oice bit f a turkey's brea/ 0 h&$ to him4 ,he ?\ght he _h /umbl$ ^u a delicacy1 b aft] va9ly try+ to ma/icate x = half an h\r1 he f\nd x z solid z :5 he began4 ,?is sub/ance 0 ! ligam5t ly+ betwe5 ! v]tebr ( ! :ale4 ,he _h made a mi/ake 9 ! way ( dispos+ ( x4 ,! ,innuit mode is to take a huge piece into ! m\?1 lubricate x ?or\ghly1 & !n bolt x :ole1 z ! boa-con/rictor swall[s a de]4 ,hall ?9ks well ( ! ,innuit practice ( eat+ _! meat raw1 9 a sanit>y po9t ( view2 b he nev] q lik$ x4 ,he nev] fully came up to ! op9ion ( ,mansfield ,p>kyns1 ! ,abyss9ian travell]1 :o assures u t no man kn[s :at a good beef-/eak is until he has eat5 x raw1 be=e x has _h "t to get cold4 ,! co/ume ( ! ,innuits is admirably adapt$ to ! climate4 ,! w9t] dress1 comm5c+ ) ! feet1 is ?us compos$3 ,long /ock+s ( re9de] sk91 ) ! hairy side next to ! p]son2 socks ( eid]-duck sk91 ) ! fea!rs on bo? sides1 & ( seal-sk9 ) ! hair outside2 boots1 ! legs ( re9de] sk9 ) ! hair outside1 ! soles ( seal-sk94 ,! jacket is ( re9de] sk91 fitt+ r loosely2 ^? ( ! wom5 h long tails rea*+ almo/ to ! gr\nd4 ,! ornam5tation ( ! female dress dep5ds on ! means & ta/e ( ! we>]4 ,"o 8v pretty /yle10 m5tion$ by ,mr4 ,hall1 _h a fr+e ( color$ beads across ! neck1 b[ls ( ,britannic-metal tea-spoons d[n ! front flap1 & a d\ble r[ ( copp] c5ts1 surm\nt$ by a small bell1 d[n ! tail1 :i* 0 bord]$ by a bead+ ( lead5 %ot4 ,! jacket has no op5+ be=e or beh9d1 b is slipp$ on ov] ! head4 ,! wom5's jacket has a hood :i* s]ves a v>iety ( purposes1 among o!rs1 t ( c>ry+ ! *ildr54 ,! bree*es rea* bel[ ! knee1 & are fa/5$ by a /r+ drawn ab\t ! wai/4 ,f+]-r+s & a head-b& ( bright brass1 complete ! fa%ionable co/ume4 ,! religi\s ideas ( ! ,innuits are v vague4 ,!y believe t !re is "o ,supreme ,be+ :o creat$ ! e>?1 sea1 & />s2 & also a second>y div9ity1 8 daught]1 :o creat$ all ?+s hav+ life1 :e!r animal or vegetable4 ,%e is ! tutel>y deity ( ! ,innuits4 ,!y believe 9 a heav5 & a hell1 b h no v well def9$ ideas ab\t !m4 ,accord+ to ,tookoolito1 heav5 0 upw>d2 x is light !re all ! "t1 & !re are no ice or /orms4 ,hell is d[nw>d2 no sun !re1 b /orms & sn[s all ! :ile2 x is cold1 & !re is a great deal ( ice !re4 ,any "o :o has be5 kill$ by accid5t goes /raight to heav54 ,!y h a k9d ( prie/s1 or r conjur]s1 call$ ,angekos1 ^: bus9ess is to *>m away sickness1 & secure good hunt+-seasons1 ) an abundance ( seals1 walrus1 & de]1 & an e>ly disappe>ance ( ! ice4 ,:5 8 s]vices are call$ =1 he is always1 l a wise man1 c>eful to get 8 pay 9 advance1 & x is g5]ally und]/ood t ! success ( 8 incantations dep5ds greatly ^u ! am\nt ( 8 fee4 ,illu/ration3 #aeh4 ,,f9d+ ,,! ,,dead4 ,^u ! :ole1 ! ,innuits mu/ be reg>d$ z an amiable & k9dly p4 ,!y are exce$+ly t5d] p>5ts1 & n unaffectionate husb&s & wives4 ,! ma9 exception to _! g5]al k9dness is _! treatm5t ( ! ag$ & infirm4 ,:5 "o1 especially a woman1 is hopelessly sick or infirm1 %e is n unfrequ5tly ab&on$4 ,mr4 ,hall relates sev]al incid5ts ( ?is k9d :i* came )9 8 own k4 ,9 "o case ! husb&1 :5 he f\nd t 8 wife 0 hopelessly sick ( consumption1 ab&on$ h]1 & took ano!r :ile ! poor creature 0 /ill alive4 ,! des]t$ woman l+]$ sev]al weeks1 suppli$ ) food by ! neighbors4 ,9 ano!r case a sick woman1 9 ! dep? ( w9t]1 0 left beh9d 9 an igloo1 ) a small quantity ( provisions4 ,hall1 le>n+ ( ?is1 made an attempt to g to h] rescue4 ,b 9 ! mean "t a heavy sn[-/orm _h come on1 & ! igloo 0 entirely buri$1 s t no traces ( x c\ld be f\nd4 ,a few days aft]1 ,hall1 accompani$ by ,ebi]b+1 made ano!r attempt4 ,! spot 0 f9ally f\nd1 ?\gh ! sn[ lay level above ! ice-hut1 ! position ( :i* c\ld be asc]ta9$ only by explor+ ) _! spe>s4 ,!y broke ?r\gh ! ro(1 &1 look+ d[n1 saw ! woman froz5 z solid z a m>ble /atue4 ,%e _h be5 dead = days1 & ! indications %[$ t %e _h p]i%$ f cold v soon aft] be+ ab&on$4 ,!re 7 supplies ( :ale-sk9 = food1 & blubb] to keep up ! fire1 b %e 0 too feeble to rise f ! b$ & repl5i% ! lamp4 ,illu/ration3 #aei4 ,,innuit ,,summ] ,,village4 ,! ,innuits ( ! pres5t day are a purely nomadic race1 roam+ f place to place1 foll[+ ! seal1 walrus1 & de]4 ,b _! w&]+s appe> to be conf9$ to ! region ( ! coa/1 nev] ext5d+ f> into ! int]ior4 ,_! dwell+s are !re=e con/ruct$ = m]e tempor>y occupation1 be+ sn[-huts 7igloos7 = w9t]1 & t5ts 7tupics7 = summ]4 ,b !re are indications 9 ! =m ( tr5*es & excavations :i* %[ t !y =m]ly l$ a m settl$ life1 & con/ruct$ m p]man5t habitations4 ,_! numb]s h be5 gradually dim9i%+ ev] s9ce !y h come into contact ) ! :ites4 ,h[ ?is comes to pass is a my/]y4 ,!re is no?+ to %[ t ! climate has become m rigor\s1 or t ! animals :i* con/itute _! food h gr[n sc>c] or less easy ( capture4 ,! ,indians ( ,am]ica h be5 de/roy$ by ! occupation ( _! hunt+-gr\nds1 by :isky1 & ! small-pox1 introduc$ by ! :ites4 ,! natives ( ! ,s\? ,sea ,isl&s h be5 eat5 up by nameless diseases1 contract$ f _! lic5ti\s :ite visitors4 ,!re is sc>cely a trace ( ei!r drunk5ness or lic5ti\sness among ! ,innuits4 ,consumption is ! great de/roy] among !m2 b we c see no reason :y ?is %\ld be m preval5t n[ ?an x 0 g5]ations ago4 ,illu/ration3 #afj4 ,,return+ ,,to ,,! ,,%ip4 ,x seems t 9 =m] times !re 7 *iefs among ! ,innuits1 b at ! pres5t "t !re is no trace ( any ?+ l gov]nm5t among !m4 ,9 ea* community !re is usually "s "o :o1 f age1 p]sonal pr[ess z a hunt]1 or native %rewdness1 is look$ up to ) respect1 & 8 op9ions are reg>d$ ) def]5ce2 b he has no sort ( au?ority except t :i* ea* p]son volunt>ily conc$es to him4 ,illu/ration3 #afa4 ,,ov] ,,! ,,ice4 ,we left ,mr4 ,hall ne> ! close ( ,janu>y1 #ahfa1 :5 he 0 j return+ to ! %ip aft] 8 fir/ ov]l& exp$ition4 ,we d n propose to foll[ him ?r\gh ! c\rse ( 8 p]sonal n>rative1 al?\gh x ab\nds ) /rik+ incid5ts & details ( h>d%ip & p]il4 ,?us1 "o day 9 ,m>*1 ,john ,br[n1 "o ( ! %ip's crew1 9 company ) two ,innuits1 />t$ (f f an igloo a few miles di/ant to rejo9 ! %ip4 ,someh[ he got sep>at$ f 8 companions1 b ! next morn+ he _h n arriv$4 ,! night _h be5 int5sely cold1 ! !rmomet] m>k+ #eg degrees bel[ freez+-po9t4 ,a p>ty ( a doz5 set (f 9 ! attempt to f9d him4 ,9 two h\rs !y came ^u ! tracks ( ! w&]]1 b only ,hall & f\r o!rs c\ld hold out2 ! o!rs1 "o by "o1 fell back4 ,!y kept on1 foll[+ ! tracks1 :i* n[ began to gr[ fa9t1 be+ p>tly fill$ up ) sn[4 ,= a "t ! tracks w5t /raight = ! %ip2 !n !y began to wav]1 n[ 9 "o direction1 & !n 9 ano!r1 %[+ t ! man _h lo/ 8 way4 ,!y foll[$ ! tracks1 9 ! int5se cold1 #fj degrees bel[ freez+-po9t4 ,!y 7 torm5t$ by ?ir/1 :i* !y attempt$ to allay by ! use ( ice4 ,! fir/ fragm5t :i* ,hall put into 8 m\? froze x fa/4 ,he manag$ to r$uce ! temp]ature ( ! ice by hold+ ! fragm5ts 9 8 mitt5$ h&1 s t he c\ld place !m 9 8 m\?4 ,aft] six h\rs1 ,hall's companions said !y c\ld g no f>!r & mu/ return2 = !y _h br\ght along no sn[-knife1 ) :i* !y c\ld build an igloo = ! night2 & if a /orm %\ld spr+ up1 !y mu/ all be inevitably lo/4 ,hall w5t on alone4 ,"o ( ! crew nam$ ,john/on soon ov]took him1 say+1 8,br[n 0 my %ipmate1 & ,i lov$ him4 ,i w g on ) y4 ,if ,i 7 to g back n[1 ,i %all always regret x40 ,!y foll[$ ! tracks1 :i* n[ began to run 9 circles1 int]lock+ "o ano!r4 ,!re 7 twelve ( ^! )9 less ?an two miles4 ,e little :ile !y came ^u places :]e ! w&]] _h la9 d[n to re/4 ,at five o'clock1 n9e h\rs aft] sett+ out1 !y 7 ov]tak5 by ,capta9 ,budd+ton1 ) two sailors & two ,innuits1 accompani$ by a dog-team4 ,!y all press$ on ) r5ew$ vigor1 & 9 a few m9utes came ^u poor ,br[n1 froz5 dead4 ,!y c\ld n convey ! corpse to ! %ip1 fully t5 miles away1 & s buri$ him 9 ! sn[ ^u ! spot :]e he 0 f\nd4 ,illu/ration3 #afb4 ,,! ,,froz5 ,,sailor4 ,x 0 ! middle ( ,july be=e ! %ip 0 releas$ f h] icy prison4 ,! :al]s w5t to "w1 & ,hall made sev]al important exp$itions by l& & wat]1 liv+ ne>ly all ! :ile ) ! ,innuits4 ,t[>ds ! middle ( ,octob] ! capta9 began to prep>e = return+ home4 ,b he 0 a few days too late4 ,! %ip 0 beset 9 ! ice-pack1 ) no hope ( escape4 ,!re 0 no?+ left b to make up _! m9ds to sp5d ano!r w9t] 9 ! ice4 ,we mu/ pass :olly ov] ! incid5ts & adv5tures ( ?is second w9t]4 ,x is ! old tale ( suff]+ & privation4 ,on ! #ab? ( ,janu>y ! !rmomet] fell to #gb degrees bel[ ! freez+ po9t4 ,"o ( ! m5 :o _h left to visit an ,innuit encampm5t came back1 say+ t he ?\ght he _h froz5 8 toe4 ,^u pull+ (f 8 boots bo? feet 7 f\nd to be froz5 /iff1 & z h>d z ice4 ,! usual attempts to save ! memb]s 7 made 9 va92 mortification began1 &1 to save ! man's life1 ! capta9 0 oblig$ to amputate portions ( bo? 8 feet4 ,?is ye>1 #ahfb1 ! ice held on unusually late2 b on ! #h? ( ,augu/ x 0 f\nd t ! pack _h brok5 up4 ,! way home 0 app>5tly op52 & all h&s 7 summon$ on bo>d4 ,! vessel spread h] canvas & sail$ (f1 ! ,innuits surr\nd+ h] 9 _! canoes1 & %\t+ f>ewell4 ,tookoolito & ,ebi]b+ resolv$ to accompany ,hall to ! ,/ates1 tak+ ) !m ,tukeliketa 78,butt]fly071 _! infant1 a ye> old4 ,! *ild di$ a few mon?s aft] _! arrival 9 ! ,/ates1 & lies buri$ 9 ! gravey>d at ,groton1 ,connecticut4 8,i nev] saw10 says ,hall1 8a m animat$1 sweet-temp]$1 & engag+ *ild40 ,= days ! "m 0 deliri\s2 !n %e long$ to die1 t %e might be ) h] lo/ ,butt]fly4 ,^u 8 grave 7 laid1 accord+ to ! cu/om ( 8 p1 all 8 *ildi% play?+s4 ,!y 7 sacr$ to ! dead4 ,! "m w5t to ! grave "o day1 & f\nd t "o article1 a gayly-pa9t$ little t9 pail1 _h be5 tak5 away4 ,%e 0 inconsolable4 8,poor little ,butt]fly10 %e said1 8h[ he w miss 8 beautiful pail60 ,! homew>d voyage 0 spe$y & prosp]\s4 ,on ! #ac? ( ,septemb] ! 8,george ,h5ry0 dropp$ an*or at ,new ,london1 :5ce %e _h sail$ two ye>s & ?ree & a half mon?s be=e4 ,! net results ( ,hall's exp$ition 7 ^!3 ,_m new discov]ies 7 made 9 ,arctic geography2 mu* in=mation 0 ga!r$ 9 relation to ! inhabitants2 & exp]i5ce acquir$ ( imm5se value to all future ,arctic explor]s4 ,mr4 ,hall also made a v int]e/+ discov]y 9 reg>d to ! fate ( ! exp$ition ( ,m>t9 ,frobi%]1 und]tak5 almo/ ?ree c5turies ago4 ,he f\nd a tradition among ! natives t _m ye>s ago :ite m5 9 %ips _h visit$ a place /ill call$ 8,:ite ,man's ,isl&40 ,hall comp>$ ^! traditions ) ! acc\nts extant 9 books respect+ ?is voyage1 & 0 /ruck ) _! rem>kable co9cid5ce4 ,he visit$ ! place designat$ z ! :ite man's encampm5t1 & f\nd _m ?+s :i* _h evid5tly be5 left by ,europeans4 ,among ^! 0 a heap ( coal am\nt+ to sev]al tons1 a l>ge fragm5t ( iron1 & "s bricks4 ,e ?+ 0 cov]$ ov] ) moss ^: ?ick gr[? %[$ t !y mu/ h rema9$ !re undi/urb$ = ages4 ,! be>+ ( ?is ^u ! possibility ( reveal+ ! :ole my/]y ( ! fate ( ,frankl9 is evid5t4 ,if ! ,innuits h pres]v$ tol]ably accurate traditions ( :at took place ?ree c5turies ago1 x is n to be d\bt$ t !y /ill h in=mation ( :at took place )9 a s+le g5]ation4 ,x is n[ pa/ hop+ t any memb]s ( ,frankl9's exp$ition are yet liv+2 b !re mu/ be ,innuits :o c tell h[ & :]e !y di$4 ,to fur!r ?is inve/igation ,hall resolv$ ^u a second exp$ition4 ,he sp5t ne>ly two ye>s 9 prep>+ 8 book = publication1 & 9 mak+ prep>ations = ?is ent]prise4 ,abundant facilities 7 n[ plac$ at 8 disposal2 & on ! #cj? ( ,july1 #ahfd1 he aga9 set sail4 ,9 ! preface to 8 book1 writt5 on bo>d ! vessel1 he says3 8,i am p]suad$ t among ! ,innuits may be s\ght1 by "o compet5t1 ) e *ance ( complete success1 ! sad hi/ory ( ,sir ,john ,frankl9's m54 ,to make myself compet5t = ?is m int]e/+ & important rese>*1 ,i pati5tly acquir$ ! language & famili>iz$ myself ) ! habits ( ! ,esquimaux4 ,i n[ return to _! c\ntry able to speak ) !m1 to live among !m1 to support my life 9 ! same mann] t !y d !irs2 to migrate ) !m f place to place1 & to trav]se & pati5tly explore all ! region 9 :i* x is reasonable to suppose ,frankl9's crew travell$ & p]i%$4 ,i %all be accompani$ by ! two intellig5t ,esquimaux1 ,ebi]b+ & ,tookoolito1 :o1 hav+ accompani$ me on my return f my fir/ exp$ition1 & aft] rema9+ ) me = two ye>s1 n[ g back ) me on ?is second voyage4 ,i ent] ^u ?is und]tak+ ) ! livelie/ hope ( success4 ,i %all n1 l previ\s explor]s1 set my foot on %ore = a few days or weeks1 or1 l o!rs1 j\rney among m5 ^: language to me is un9telligible4 ,i %all live = two or ?ree ye>s among ! ,esquimaux1 & ga9 _! confid5ce2 & ,i h ! advantage ( und]/&+ _! language1 & ( mak+ all my wi%es kn[n to !m40 ,illu/ration3 #afc4 ,,f>ewell ,,( ,,! ,,innuits4 ,x is n[ 7,septemb]1 #ahfi7 m ?an five ye>s s9ce ,hall set out on ?is second exp$ition4 ,up to #ahfg he wrote1 z occasional opportunity (f]$1 to 8 fa/ fri5d & w>m support]1 ,h5ry ,gr9nell2 b 8 lett]s gave only fa9t indications ( :at he _h be5 able to accompli%4 ,9 #ahfh1 :5 he _h hop$ to return1 no :al+-vessels came back to ! ,/ates f ! ,arctic seas4 ,a trace or two ( him has be5 report$ by ,engli% vessels1 suffici5t1 h[ev]1 to af=d reason to believe t he /ill lives4 ,an ,am]ican :al] expect$ to pass ! w9t] ( #ahfh-i 9 ! region :]e ,hall1 if liv+ w\ld probably be1 & x is hop$ t 9 ,octob] ( ?is ye>1 #ahfi1 be=e ^! pages w be be=e ! read]1 ?is vessel1 be>+ ! brave explor]1 w h rea*$ ! ,am]ican %ores4 ,,footnotes #a ,see ,*apt] ,,xxxii4 #b ,9 #ahee1 ,icel& import$1 among o!rs1 #fe1gab pieces ( timb]1 #adh1jch lbs4 ( iron1 #cg1gjj lbs4 hemp1 #ae1agi fi%+-l9es1 #bj1cdb lbs4 salt1 #feci tons ( coal4 ,! *ief exportations ( ! same ye> 71 tall[1 #icb1ijf lbs41 wool1 #a1efi1cbc lbs41 #fi1cje pairs ( /ock+s1 #bg1aji pairs ( gloves1 #ab1gab salt$ %eepsk9s1 #daaf lbs4 eid]-d[ns1 #be1jjj lbs4 o!r fea!rs1 #bdd horses1 & #bd1jgi %ip's p\nds 7! %ip's p\nd #cbj lbs47 salt fi%4 #c ,b>r[1 8,visit to ,icel&10 #ahcd4 #d 8,j\rnal ( a ,t\r 9 ,icel&10 p4 #aaj4 #e ,all ! cl]gym5 are blacksmi?s1 = a reason t w be /at$ h]eaft]4 #f ,_! numb] 9 #ahfj 0 #iia4 ,dur+ 8 voyage to ,icel& 9 #ahej ,pr9ce ,napoleon 0 nam$ honor>y presid5t1 a di/9ction he %>es ) ! ,bi%op ( ,reykjavik4 ,among ! #df honor>y memb]s ,i f9d ! "n ( ,"l ,duff]94 #g ,9 #ahff ! total cat* ( cod 0 #ba1jjj1jjj1 ab\t #ab1jjj1jjj ( :i* 7 salt$ 7clip fi%71 & ! rema9d] dri$ 7/ock-fi%72 ea* fi% mak+ on an av]age #b lbs4 ( clip-fi%1 & "o-f\r? less ( /ock-fi%4 #h ,)9 ! la/ few ye>s1 no less ?an ?ree sci5tific exp$itions h be5 s5t out to ,spitzb]g5 at ! exp5se ( ! ,sw$i% ,gov]nm5t4 ,dur+ ! summ] ( #aheh1 ,messrs4 ,otto ,torell1 ,gu5n]/$t1 & ,nord5skjold visit$ ! we/]n p>ts ( ! ar*ipelago4 ,9 #ahfa ! :ole coa/1 f ,ice ,s\nd to ,dove ,bay 9 ,nor?-ea/ ,l& 0 accurately inve/igat$ by ,messrs4 ,torell1 ,malmgr51 ,*yd5ius1 etc41 & 9 #ahfd ,messrs4 ,nord5skjold1 ,dun]1 & ,malmgr5 visit$ ! s\!rn %ores & ,wjde ,jan's ,wat]4 ,a f\r? exp$ition has j left ! port ( ,go!nburg 7,june1 #ahfh74 #i ,reis5 9 ,lappl&1 etc4 #aj ,! v]/ is ab\t ?ree-fif?s ( a mile4 #aa ,! p\d is equal to #dj p\nds4 ,! p\d is divid$ into #if solotniks4 #ab ,a species ( /urgeon highly e/eem$ by epicures4 #ac ,humboldt likewise m5tions an artisan ( ,breslau ^: sight 0 s %>p z to enable him to po9t out ! position ( ,jupit]'s satellites4 #ad ,s9ce la/ ye> #ahfg ! ,russian ,gov]nm5t has sold h] ,am]ican possessions to ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 b z x is n yet kn[n h[ f> ! int]e/s ( ! ,russian ,fur ,company h be5 affect$ by ! *ange1 ,i may be all[$ to speak ( h] 9 ! pres5t t5se4 #ae ,capta9 ,hall1 :o 9 8 se>* aft] ! rema9s ( ! ,frankl9 exp$ition has n[ sp5t sev]al ye>s among ! ,esquimaux1 has s f> acquir$ _! appetite t he is able to consume #i lbs4 ( meat a day )\t any inconv5i5ce4 #af #ahej-ahed4 8,inve/igator10 ,capta9 ,m',clure1 ,b]+'s ,/raits4 #ahej-ahee4 8,ent]prise10 ,capta9 ,coll9son1 #ahej1 #ahea4 8,resolute10 ,capta9 ,au/91 ,lanca/] ,/rait & #ahej1 #ahea4 8,assi/ance10 ,capta9 ,ommaney1 ,cornwallis ,isl&4 ,accompani$ by two /eam t5d]s1 (fic]$ by ,lieut5ant ,%]>d ,osborne & ,lieut5ant ,f4 ,l4 ,m',cl9tock4 #ahej1 #ahea4 8,lady ,frankl910 ,ma/] ,p5ny1 accompani$ by ! 8,sophia10 ,ma/] ,a4 ,/ew>t1 "u ,admiralty ,ord]s1 to ,lanca/] ,/rait & ,well+ton ,*annel4 #ahej4 8,pr9ce ,alb]t10 ,capta9 ,=sy?1 belong+ to ,lady ,frankl91 to ,reg5t's ,inlet & ,bee*ey ,isl&4 #ahej1 #ahea4 8,advance10 ,lieut5ant ,de ,hav51 ,u4,s4,n4 #ahej1 #ahea4 8,rescue10 ,s4 ,p4 ,griff91 ,esq41 ,u4,s4,n4 ,fitt$ at ! exp5se ( ,h4 ,gr9nell1 ,esq41 ( ,new ,york1 to ,lanca/] ,/rait & ,well+ton ,*annel4 #ag #aheb4 8,isabel10 ,capta9 ,e4 ,+lefield4 ,lady ,frankl9's vessel4 #aheb-ahed4 8,assi/ance10 ,sir ,edw>d ,bel*]1 to ,lanca/] ,s\nd1 ,well+ton ,*annel4 #aheb-ahed4 8,resolute10 ,capta9 ,kellett1 ,lanca/] ,/rait1 ,melville1 & ,banks's ,isl&4 #aheb-ahed4 8,pione]10 ,lieut5ant ,%]>d ,osborne4 #aheb-ahed4 8,intrepid10 ,capta9 ,m',cl9tock4 #aheb-ahed4 8,nor? ,/>10 ,capta9 ,pull54 #ah ,^! two vessels _h be5 s5t 9 ! ye> #ahdg to ! ,pol> ,sea beyond ,b]+'s ,/raits1 :5 !y discov]$ ! 8,h]ald0 & 8,plov]0 ,isl&s4 #ai ,r5ssela] ,h>bor is situat$ #a #df high] ?an ,sir ,e4 ,bel*]'s w9t]-qu>t]s 9 ,nor?umb]l& ,s\nd1 #gf #eb4 #bj 8,a!num10 ,dec4 #c1 #ahec4 #ba ,= an acc\nt ( ! simil> ph5om5a ( ! 8,buffad]o10 on ! ,mexican coa/1 & ( ! 8,s\ffleur10 ,mauritius1 see 8,! ,sea & its ,liv+ ,wond]s10 #c;d ed4 p4 #eb4 #bb 8,excursions 9 ,newf\ndl&40 #bc 8,! ,sea & its ,liv+ ,wond]s10 p4 #djc4 #bd ,voyage ( ! ,sw$i% %ip 8,eugnie40 #be ,arctic ,rese>*es1 & ,life among ! ,esquimaux4 ,by ,,*>les ,,francis ,,hall4 ,new ,york1 #ahff4 ,,index4 ,a4 ,adlie1 ,t]re1 discov]y (1 #djb4 ,ag\ti1 !1 ( ,patagonia1 #dai4 ,agriculture1 /ate (1 9 ,icel&1 #gi4 ,aigun1 treaty (1 #aif4 ,air1 rem>kable moi/ure ( !1 9 ,taimurl&1 #bbe4 ----1 its p]petual motion 9 ! ,arctic zones1 #bbe4 ,akurig1 eid]-ducks (1 #ha4 ,alaska1 discov]y (1 #bjb4 ----1 climate ( !1 #bfi4 ----1 m\nta9s & =e/s (1 #bfi4 ----1 pur*ase (1 by ! ,am]icans1 #bgg4 ----1 telegraph ?r\gh1 #bgh4 ----1 travell+ 91 #bgh-bhi4 ----1 natives (1 #bgh-bhi4 ----1 climate (1 #bhd4 ----1 food 91 #bhg4 ,albas91 ! ,russian =t (1 built1 #aie4 ----1 de/roy$ by ! ,*9ese1 b rebuilt1 #aif4 ,albatross1 w&]+1 ( ! ,ant>ctic seas1 #cie4 ,alcyonians on ! coa/s ( ,gre5l&1 #ei4 ,aleutian ,isl&s1 causes :i* l$ to ! discov]y ( !1 #bja4 ----1 ext5t ( !1 #bgj4 ,aleuts1 _! wret*$ condition "u _! ma/]s1 #bgc4 ----1 _! skill & intrepidity 9 hunt+1 #bgc-bgf4 ,alex&]1 ,cape1 discov]y (1 #cfe4 ---- ,isl&1 discov]y (1 #dja4 ,alg]9e pirates1 ravages (1 9 ,icel&1 #ie2 & 9 ! ,we/man ,isl&s1 #aai4 ,almannagja1 description ( !1 #gc4 ,altai ,m\nta9s1 cross$ by ! ,cossacks1 #aie4 ,alt51 copp] m9es (1 #abh4 ,alt5fjord1 vegetation ( ! bord]s ( !1 #abh4 ,am]ica1 ,nor?1 treeless zone (1 #ah-bb4 ----1 "* ( ! ,conif] (1 #bc1 #bd4 ----1 range ( ! c>ib\1 or re9de]1 (1 #cf-ci4 ----1 ! musk-ox (1 #da4 ----1 ! :ite dolph9 9 ! riv]s (1 #fa4 ----1 ! black dolph9 (1 #fa4 ----1 walruses ( ! %ores (1 #fd4 ----1 hi/ory ( ! fur-trade (1 #cjg et seq4 ----1 fir/ discov]]s & settl]s (1 #cce4 ,am]ica1 ,nor?1 de/ruction ( ! ,gre5l& colonies1 #cce4 ----1 subsequ5t discov]ies1 #cce et seq4 ----1 attempts to discov] ! nor?-we/]n passage to ,india1 #cdb et seq4 ,am]ica1 ,russian1 its transf] to ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 #bgb1 note4 ,amoor1 riv]1 discov]y ( !1 by ! ,russians1 :o rel9qui% x to ! ,*9ese1 #aie1 #aif4 ----1 ! c\ntry annex$ by ,russia1 #aif4 ,anak]dluk1 9 ,nor? ,gre5l&1 buri$ =e/ (1 #bi4 ,angekoks1 or prie/s ( ! ,esquimaux1 #cja4 ,animals1 comp>atively small numb] (1 9 ! ,arctic regions1 #be4 ----1 ! =e/s ! head-qu>t]s ( _m1 #da4 ---- ( ! ,arctic ,seas1 #ei4 ---- ( ! coa/s ( ,spitzb]g51 #acd4 ----1 fur-be>+1 ( ,sib]ia1 #bji4 ----1 !1 ( ,taimurl&1 #bbg4 ---- ( ,ni%ne-,kolymsk1 #bce4 ---- ( ,newf\ndl&1 #cgh4 ----1 no l&1 9 ! ,ant>ctic region1 #cid4 ---- ( ,patagonia1 #dah4 ,aniuj1 vegetation ( ! valley ( !1 #bce4 ----1 *ief res\rce ( ! p ( !1 #bcg4 ,anj\1 ,lieut41 8 ,arctic explorations1 #bcc4 ,ar*angel1 f\ndation (1 #aib4 ----1 ,new1 site ( ! t[n (1 #bgb4 ----1 fur-trade (1 #bgc4 ----1 m$ium ( ex*ange at1 #bgf4 ,ar*]s1 ! ,o/iaks z1 #ahg4 ,arctic regions1 riv]s ( !1 #ag4 ----1 limits ( !1 #ah4 ----1 ! =e/s ( !1 #ah-bc4 ----1 _! treeless wa/es1 or ,tundra1 #ah4 ----1 9 summ] & w9t]1 #ai4 ----1 _! ext5t & b\nd>ies1 #ba4 ----1 animal life 9 !1 #be4 ----1 influ5ce ( ! sea & w9ds on ! sev]ity ( ! w9t] ( !1 #bg4 ----1 ! l[e/ temp]atures felt by man1 #bg1 #bh4 ----1 h[ man becomes accu/om$ to ! rigors ( ! w9t] ( !1 #bh4 ----1 pro(s ( a =m] mild] climate 9 ! nor!rn regions ( ! globe1 #bi4 ----1 beauties ( ,nature 9 !1 #ca-cc4 ----1 l& quadrup$s & birds ( !1 #cd4 ----1 ! seas ( !1 #di4 ---- comp>$ ) ! ,ant>ctic regions1 #cia4 ,arctic voyages ( discov]y1 hi/ory (1 #cce et seq4 ,are ,?orgilson1 8 ,icel&ic works1 #id4 ,argali 7,ovis argali7 ( ,sib]ia1 #da4 ,arr[s ( ! ,o/iaks1 #ahg1 #ahh4 ,ascidians on ! coa/s ( ,gre5l&1 #ei4 ,a%1 !1 9 ! ,arctic regions1 #bd4 ,asia1 treeless zone (1 #ah-bb4 ,a?abascan ,indians1 hunt+-gr\nds ( !1 #cbg4 ,atlass(f1 ! ,cossack1 8 treatm5t ( ! natives ( ,kam*atka1 #aih4 ,atmosph]e1 transp>5cy ( !1 9 ! ,pol> regions1 #ed1 #ee4 ----1 ph5om5a (1 reflection & refraction1 & _! probable causes1 #ee4 ,auk1 ! giant1 its r>ity at pres5t 9 ,icel&4 #he4 ,aurora borealis1 #cc4 ----1 spl5dor ( !1 9 ! ,arctic regions1 #cc4 ,aurora borealis1 t]ror ( ! ,lapps at !1 #aeg4 ----1 at ,nulato1 #bha4 ,au/91 ,capta91 8 se>* = ,frankl91 #ceg4 ,avalan*es ( ice 9 ,spitzb]g51 #ace4 ,awaklok & ,my\k1 _! imprisonm5t on an iceb]g1 #bih4 ,awats*a ,bay1 sea-birds (1 #bee4 ----1 its magnific5ce & ext5t1 #bef4 ,b4 ,baaty ,khan1 8 subjection ( ,russia1 #aia4 ,ba*elor riv]1 !1 #dab4 ,back 7,mr41 aft]w>ds ,sir ,george71 8 ,arctic voyages1 #cdf1 #cdg1 #cdi4 ----1 8 se>* = ,capta9 ,ross1 #ced4 ----1 8 discov]y ( ,great ,fi% ,riv]1 #cee4 ----1 voyage 9 #ahce1 #cee4 ,back's riv]1 discov]y (1 #cee4 ,bad>any1 des]t ( swamps1 !1 #bcd4 ,ba]1 ,h]r von1 8 sci5tific j\rney to ,nova ,zembla1 #aea4 ,baff91 8 voyages ( discov]y1 #cdc4 ,baff9's ,bay1 probable influ5ce ( ! nor!rly w9ds on ! depression ( ! temp]ature (1 #bg4 ,baff9's ,bay1 walruses ( ! coa/s (1 #fd4 ----1 discov]y (1 #cdc4 ,ball5y1 8 discov]ies 9 ! ,ant>ctic ocean1 #dja4 ---- ,isl&s1 discov]y (1 #dja4 ,banks's ,l&1 pro(s ( a =m] mild] temp]ature 91 #bi4 ,b>ds1 or ,scalds1 ( ,icel&1 #id4 ,b>5tz1 ,william1 visit (1 to ,spitzb]g51 #ach4 ----1 8 voyages ( discov]y1 #cci4 ----1 8 w9t] 9 ,nova ,zembla1 #cdj4 ----1 8 dea?1 #cdb4 ,b>ley1 cultivation (1 9 ,norway1 #abd4 ,b>r5 gr\nds1 b>r5s1 or tundri1 ,arctic belt ( !1 #ah4 ----1 causes ( _! b>r5ness1 #ah4 ----1 _! appe>ance 9 w9t] & 9 summ]1 #ai4 ----1 indi/9ct & irregul> b\nd>ies ( !1 #ba4 ----1 ^? ( ,newf\ndl&1 #cgg4 ,b>r[ ,po9t1 traffic (1 #cjb4 ,b>t] ,reef1 traffic (1 #cjb4 ,be>1 black1 muskwa 7,ursus am]icanus71 value ( ! fur ( !1 #cae4 ----1 description ( him1 #cae1 #cah4 ----1 br[n1 ( ,nor? ,am]ica1 #cae4 ----1 value ( ! sk9s ( ! "y br[n be>1 #baa4 ----1 grizzly1 ( ! ,rocky ,m\nta9s 7,ursus f]ox71 #cae4 ----1 8 sk91 #cae4 ----1 ! pol>1 8 mode ( hunt+1 #fe1 #ddf1 #ddh4 ----1 8 favorite food & mode ( seiz+ x1 #fe1 #ddg1 #dej1 #dea4 ----1 anecdote ( "o1 #fe4 ----1 in/ances ( 8 sagacity1 #fe4 ----1 p>5tal c>e ( ! %e-be>1 #fe4 ----1 h] w9t] nurs]y1 #fe1 #ff4 ----1 h] int]nal /ore ( food = h] hib]nation1 #ff4 ----1 imm5se /r5g? ( claws & tee?1 #ff1 #fg4 ----1 8 unwelcome visits to ,icel&1 #ha4 ----1 ( ,spitzb]g51 #acg4 ----1 ( ,nova ,zembla1 #adi4 ----1 ,lapp mode ( hunt+ !1 #afd-aff4 ----1 ,esquimaux me?ods ( hunt+ !1 #afc4 ,be> ( ,newf\ndl&1 #cgh4 ----1 abundance (1 9 ,kam*atka1 #beh4 ----1 sea-1 value ( ! sk9s ( !1 9 ,*9a1 #cgd4 ----1 *ase ( !1 9 ! ,pribil[ ,isl&s1 #bgd4 ---- families & battles1 #bgd1 #bge4 ----1 ! ,au/ral sea-1 #cii4 ----1 hunt$ by dogs1 #dec4 ,be> ,isl&1 or ,*]ie ,isl&1 acc\nt (1 #adc4 ----1 climate (1 #add4 ----1 walruses (1 #add4 ----1 boat-voyages ( ,norwegian sailors f1 #ade4 ----1 discov]y (1 #cdj4 ----1 survey$ by ! ,russians1 #bjj4 ,beav] 7,ca/or fib]71 its sk9 ! /&>d ( ex*ange ) ! ,canadian ,indians1 #cac4 ----1 =m] enorm\s trade 9 ! fur ( !1 #cag4 ---- ( ,newf\ndl&1 #cgh4 ,beav] ,indians1 _! hunt+-gr\nds1 #cbg4 ,bee1 s& 7,&r5a71 ( ,nova ,zembla1 #aed4 ,bee*1 ,ant>ctic 7,fagus betuloides71 #daj4 ,bee*ey1 ,capta91 8 voyage to ,b]+'s ,/raits1 #cej4 ,be]5b]g m\nta91 #adf4 ,b]+1 ,titus1 nev] pass$ ?r\gh ! /raits be>+ 8 "n1 #aig4 ----1 8 second voyage1 #bja4 ----1 8 second voyage ( discov]y1 #bdh1 #bdi4 ----1 8 bad conduct1 #bej4 ----1 8 dea?1 #beb4 ,b]+ ,isl&1 ,b]+ & ,/ell] on1 #bea4 ---- ,sea1 description ( !1 #bfh4 ----1 b>r5 l&s at1 #bb4 ----1 seals & walruses (1 #fc1 #fd4 ----1 its climate1 #bfi4 ----1 "* ( ! %ores ( !1 #bgj4 ----1 animals ( !1 #bga4 ,b]+'s ,/raits1 view ( ! ,old & ,new worlds 9 !1 #bga4 ----1 ,capta9 ,bee*ey's voyage to1 #cej4 ,bel*]1 ,sir ,edw>d1 8 se>* = ,frankl91 #cei4 ,bell+haus51 8 discov]y ( ! isl&s ,paul ! ,fir/ & ,alex&]1 #dja4 ,bellot1 ,lieut41 8 gallant se>* = ,frankl91 #cei4 ----1 8 dea? & monum5t1 #cfb4 ,beluga1 or :ite dolph9 7,delph9us leucas71 description ( !1 #fa4 ----1 doma9 ( !1 #fa4 ,beluga ,bay1 visit ( ,von ,ba]'s p>ty to1 #aea4 ,b5net1 ,/eph51 8 visit to ,be> ,isl&1 #adc1 #add4 ,b]ry-ga!r+ 9 ,ni%ne-,kolymsk1 #bch4 ,bilb]ries ( ! ,arctic regions1 #bd4 ,bill+s1 voyage (1 on ! coa/ ( ,sib]ia1 #bja4 ,bir*1 pap]1 value ( !1 9 ,nor? ,am]ica1 #cjd4 ,bir*-trees 9 ! ,arctic regions1 #bd4 ,birds1 flights ( wild1 9 summ] mon?s1 9 ! ,tundra1 #ai4 ----1 _! migrations to & f high latitudes1 #dc1 #dd1 #fg4 ----1 ! pol> s++-bird1 ! sn[-bunt+1 #dc4 ----1 raptorial1 ( ! ,arctic regions1 #dc4 ----1 enorm\s numb]s (1 along ! ,arctic %ores1 #fg4 ----1 ,icel&ic1 #ha4 ---- ( ! coa/ ( ,norway1 #abd4 ---- ( ,spitzb]g51 #acc1 #acd1 #acg4 ---- ( ,nova ,zembla1 #aed4 ----1 a bird baz>1 #aed4 ----1 abundance ( sea-f[l on ! coa/ ( ,kam*atka1 #bee4 ----1 ,esquimaux mode ( bird-cat*+1 #bie4 ----1 abundance (1 on ! coa/ ( ,gre5l&1 #chh4 ,birds ( ! coa/s ( ! ,ant>ctic sea1 #cid4 ---- ( ,patagonia1 #dai4 ,birk>ls1 _! f9al subjugation ( ! ,lapps1 #aef4 ,biscoe1 8 discov]y ( ,end]by ,l&1 & ( ,graham ,l&1 #dja4 ,black dea?1 ravages ( !1 9 ! ,nor?1 #chc4 ,blackfeet ,indians1 _! w>s ) ! ,t9n & ,crees1 #cai1 #cbj4 ,bloody ,falls1 on ! ,copp]m9e riv]1 #bid4 ,boats ( ! ,esquimaux1 #bic4 ----1 ! bir*-b>k canoes ( ,nor? ,am]ica1 #cjd4 ,bogb]ries ( ! ,arctic regions1 #bd4 ,boo?1 ,sir ,felix1 8 ,arctic exp$ition1 #bea4 ,b\ga9ville1 8 voyage ?r\gh ! ,/rait ( ,magellan1 #dad4 ,br&t1 ! ,dani% =e/]1 8 j\rney ) ,von ,midd5dorff1 #bbj4 ,br&y1 fondness ( ! ,samoedes =1 #aga-agc4 ---- drunk at ,kolymsk1 #bch4 ,brant ,ysbrantzoon1 8 voyages ( discov]y1 #cci4 ,bread ( ! poor ,icel&]s1 #gi4 ,br$al1 ,eric1 8 education ( ,lapps 9 ,*ri/ianity1 #aef4 ,bridges1 sw+1 ( ,icel&1 #aaa4 ,br[ne1 ,t4 ,ross1 #gd1 #ie1 #ajd1 #aae4 ,bu*an1 ,capta91 8 ,arctic voyage1 #cdd4 ,bunt+1 its migrations to & f ! nor?1 #dc4 ----1 ! ,lapl& 7,c5trophanes ,lapponicus71 latitudes inhabit$ by !1 #dc1 #dd4 ,bunt+1 ! sn[1 ! pol> s++-bird1 #dd4 ,bunt+1 its ne/ & food1 #dd4 ---- ( ,icel&1 #ha4 ---- ( ,spitzb]g51 #acg4 ,burgl>s1 treatm5t (1 9 ,russia1 #bjf4 ,burr\gh1 ,/eph51 8 voyage to discov] ! nor?-ea/]n passage1 #ccf4 ,busa1 ,jelissei1 8 asc5t ( ! riv]s ,l5a & ,olekma1 #aie4 ----1 8 discov]y ( ! ,tana1 #aie4 ----1 8 resid5ce among ! ,jukahirs1 #aie4 ,butt] made f ! re9de] milk1 #cf4 ,butt]flies 9 ,taimurl&1 #bbg4 ,byron1 ,commodore1 8 voyage ?r\gh ! ,/rait ( ,magellan1 #dad4 ,c4 ,cabot1 ,john & ,seba/ian1 _! re-discov]y ( p>ts ( ,nor? ,am]ica1 #cce4 ----1 _! re-discov]y ( ,newf\ndl&1 #cgi4 ,canada1 ent]prise ( ! ,fr5* settl]s 91 #cjf4 ----1 results ( ! ,engli% conque/ (1 #cjf4 ----1 hi/ory ( ! fur-trade (1 #cjg4 ,cano1 ,seba/ian el1 8 voyage r\nd ! globe1 #dac4 ,canoes1 bir*-b>k1 ( ,nor? ,am]ica1 #cjd1 #cje4 ,cape1 ,nor?1 description ( !1 #abi1 #acj4 ,c>ib\1 or re9de] ( ,nor? ,am]ica1 range ( !1 #cf4 ,c>ran*a1 !1 ( ,patagonia1 #dai1 #dbj4 ,c>ti]1 ,jacques1 8 voyages1 #cce4 ,c>yophyll1 !1 ( ! treeless zone1 #ba4 ,cascades ( ,icel&1 #gh4 ,ca/or & ,pollux riv]1 discov]y (1 #cef4 ,ca/rn1 ,mat?ias ,alex&]1 acc\nt ( him & ( 8 j\rneys1 #afh-agh4 ,ca!r9e's ,=el&1 ,que51 #dji4 ,cattle1 value (1 to ! ,icel&s1 #hj4 ,cav5di%1 8 voyages1 #dad4 ,*ancellor1 8 discov]y ( ! passage f ,engl& to ! ,:ite ,sea1 #aib4 ,*ancellor1 8 voyage to discov] ! nor?-ea/]n r\te to ,*9a1 #ccf4 ----1 8 visit to ,mosc[1 & subsequ5t fate1 #ccf4 ,*>les ,,ix41 ,k+ ( ,sw$51 8 k9dness to ! ,lapps1 #aef4 ,*atanga riv]1 scanty population ( !1 #bbj4 ----1 ,midd5dorff's j\rney to !1 #bbj1 #bba4 ,*atangsk1 ,midd5dorff's j\rney to1 #bba ,*eese made f re9de] milk1 #cf4 ,*]ie ,isl&1 acc\nt (1 #add4 ,*ess-play]s ( ! ,tungusi1 #bdf4 ,*ickwe$1 !1 on ! ,m>y ,m9turn riv]1 #bj4 ,*im5go1 !1 ( ,patagonia1 #dai4 ,*9a1 ,ca/rn's j\rney ov] ! m\nta9s into1 #agg4 ,*9ese take ! ,russian =t ( ,albas91 #aie2 & make ! treaty ( ,n]ts*9sk ) ! ,russians1 #aif4 ----1 ! treaty brok5 by ! ,russians1 :o compel ! ,*9ese to give !m ! ,amoor1 #aif4 ,*+a 7,mephitis *+a71 its ftid secretion1 #caf4 ,*ri/ian ,,iv41 ,k+ ( ,d5m>k1 8 treatm5t ( ! ,lapp prie/s & sorc]]s1 #aef4 ----1 8 exp$ition to ,gre5l&1 #chc4 ,*ri/ianity1 introduction (1 into ,icel&1 #ib4 ,*ur*es ( ! ,icel&]s1 #ajd4 ,clav]+1 8 voyage to ,gre5l&1 #chf4 ,cl]gy ( ! ,lapps1 _! pov]ty & self-d5ial1 #aeg4 ----1 _! s]mons1 #aeg4 ----1 ^? ( ,icel& all blacksmi?s1 #aja1 note1 #ajf4 ----1 _! pov]ty1 #ajf4 ,coal1 does n exi/ 9 ,icel&1 #hh4 ---- ( ,spitzb]g51 #acg4 ---- 9 ,coal ,bay1 #ade4 ,coal ,bay1 #ade4 ,co*le>ia f5e/rata1 ! only escul5t plant 9 ,spitzb]g51 #acf1 #adb4 ,cod & cod-fi%+ ( ! coa/ ( ,icel&1 #hf1 #hg4 ----1 !1 call$ /ockfi%1 #hg4 ----1 ! cod-fi%]y ( ,norway1 #abe-acj4 ----1 wret*$ /ate ( ! fi%]m51 #abg4 ----1 exports (1 to v>i\s c\ntries1 #abi4 ----1 cod-fi%]y ( ,gre5l&1 #chh4 ----1 value ( ! cod-fi%]y ( ,newf\ndl&1 #cgi1 #chj4 ----1 mode ( fi%+ & cur+ ! cod1 #chj4 ----1 dang]s ( ! fi%]y1 #cha4 ----1 imm5se numb]s (1 #cha4 ,cod-liv] oil ( ,troms1 #abh4 ,coll9son1 ,capta91 8 se>* = ,frankl91 #cei1 #cfa4 ,commodore ,isl&s1 *ase ( ! sea-be> on !1 #bgd4 ,condor1 !1 ( ,patagonia1 #dbj4 ,conif]1 ,arctic =e/s almo/ conf9$ to !1 #bd4 ----1 diff]5ce betwe5 ! ,european & ,asiatic & ,am]ican species1 #bd4 ,con/itution1 ,cape1 discov]y (1 #cfi4 ,cook1 8 attempt to discov] ! nor?we/ passage1 #cdd4 ,cook1 ,capta91 8 discov]y ( ,s\? ,georgia1 #cic4 ----1 8 ,ant>ctic voyages1 #dja4 ,copp] m9es ne> ,dron!im1 #abd4 ---- ( ,alt51 #abh4 ---- ( ,raipass1 #abh4 ,copp]m9e riv]1 ,dr4 ,ri*>dson's voyage to !1 #cdi4 ,cornelius ,ryp1 8 voyages ( discov]y1 #cdj1 #cda4 ,cornelius ,corneliszoon1 8 voyages ( discov]y1 #cci4 ,cornicul>i1 c>pets (1 & ! treeless zone1 #ba4 ,cort]eal1 8 voyages ( discov]y1 #cbe4 ,cossacks1 ,don1 _! depr$ations1 #aib4 ----1 _! conque/ ( ,sib]ia = ! ,cz>1 #aic4 ----1 _! privileges & duties 9 ,ni%ne-,kolymsk1 #bcf4 ,c\reur des bois1 !1 ( ,nor? ,am]ica1 #cjd4 ,cranb]ries ( ! ,arctic regions1 #bd4 ,cree ,indians1 uses ( ! pap]-bir*-tree to !1 #cje4 ----1 range ( ! v>i\s tribes (1 #cai4 ----1 _! conque/s ( ! ,t9n1 b subsequ5t defeat1 #cai1 #cbj4 ----1 _! w>s ) ! ,blackfeet1 #cbj1 #cba ----1 _! "*1 #cba4 ----1 _! cu/oms1 habits1 & dress1 #cba1 #cbb1 #cbc4 ----1 _! wives & families1 #cbc4 ----1 _! cradles1 #cbc4 ----1 _! wigwams1 or t5ts1 #cbd4 ----1 _! m$ic9e-m5 & vapor-ba?s1 #cbd4 ----1 _! games & sports1 #cbd1 #cbe4 ----1 _! wood5 figures = wor%ip1 #cbe4 ----1 _! malici\s or caprici\s _s1 call$ ,kepoo*ican1 #cbe4 ----1 _! notion ( ! ,great ,_s & ( ! ,deluge1 #cbe4 ----1 _! ,t>t>us & ,elysium1 #cbe4 ----1 prospects ( ,*ri/ianity among/ !m1 #cbf4 ,cross1 ! game (1 ( ! ,cree ,indians1 #cbe4 ,cr[e1 ,mr41 8 copp] m9es at ,alt51 #abh4 ,crozi]1 ,capta91 8 la/ voyage1 #cef4 ----1 ! la/ he>d ( him1 #cfd4 ----1 8 ,ant>ctic voyages1 #djb4 ,crucif]1 !1 ( ! treeless zone1 #bj4 ,cru/aceans1 imm5se numb]s (1 on ! coa/ ( ,gre5l&1 #ei4 ,cumb]l& ,/rait1 ,davis's discov]y (1 #ccg1 #cch4 ,curr5ts1 magnific5t sy/em (1 & _! effects on ! accumulation ( ice1 #ef1 #eg4 ,d4 ,dances ( ! ,t*ukt*i1 #bff4 ,d>w91 ,mr41 8 asc5t ( ,m\nt ,t>n1 #daa4 ,davis1 ,john1 8 voyages to discov] an ,arctic passage to ,india1 #ccg4 ----1 8 visit to ,labrador1 #cch4 ----1 8 subsequ5t life1 #cch4 ,davis's ,/raits1 probable influ5ce ( ! nor!rly w9ds on ! depression ( ! temp]ature (1 #bg4 ----1 ,seba/ian ,cabot's discov]y (1 #cce4 ,dead1 rev]5ce paid to !1 by ! ,samoedes1 #aha4 ,dease1 ,pet] ,w>r51 8 l& ,arctic exp$ition1 #cee4 ,dea?1 black1 its ravages 9 ,icel&1 #ie4 ,deception ,isl&1 acc\nt (1 #cic4 ,de]1 r$ 7,c]vus elaphus71 its habitat & uses to man1 #dj4 ,de] ( ,vogelsang & ,treur5b]g ,bay1 #acg4 ,deluge1 ,cree leg5d ( !1 #cbe4 ,demid(f1 f\ndation ( ! family (1 #bai4 ----1 _! enorm\s weal?1 #bai4 ,des*new1 ,sem51 8 ! fir/ & la/ voyage ?r\gh ,b]+'s ,/rait1 #aig4 ,desolation1 ,s\?1 #dab4 ,detti-foss1 an ,icel&ic cascade1 ,mr4 ,g\ld's description ( !1 #gh4 ,disco bay1 iceb]gs =m$ 91 #di4 ,div]s1 _! migrations to & f ! nor?1 #db4 ,dog-rib ,indians1 hunt+-gr\nds ( !1 #cbg4 ----1 _! "*1 dress1 & cu/oms1 #cbg1 #cbi4 ----1 _! want ( hospitality1 #cbi4 ----1 _! hone/y1 #cbi4 ----1 _! notions ( a future life1 #cbi4 ,dog1 ! re9de] ( ! ,lapps1 #afa4 ----1 ,wrangell's dog-sl$ges on ! ,pol> sea1 #bci4 ----1 ,icel&ic1 #hj4 ----1 !1 ( ! p ( ,kolymsk1 #bcf4 ----1 ! ,kam*atkan1 & dog-sl$ges1 #beh1 #bei4 ----1 _! mode ( =etell+ /orms1 #bei4 ----1 mode ( tra9+ sl$ge-dogs1 #bei4 ----1 tra9$ by ,esquimaux to attack ! be>1 #big4 ----1 description ( !1 & dog-sl$ges ( ! ,esquimaux1 #bii4 ----1 ,dr4 ,kane's ,newf\ndl& & ,esquimaux1 #cfg4 ----1 epidemic among/ ! ,esquimaux1 #cgb4 ,dolgor\ky1 ,pr9ce1 8 exile to ,sib]ia1 #bje4 ,dolph91 :ite1 or beluga1 ( ,nova ,zembla1 #aee4 ----1 ,gre5l& fi%]y ( !1 #chg4 ,dolph9s ( ! ,pol> seas1 #fa1 #cih4 ----1 ! beluga1 or :ite dolph91 #fa4 ----1 ! black dolph91 8ca'+0 :ale1 or gr9d1 #fa4 ----1 ! orc1 or grampus1 #fb4 ---- ( ,spitzb]g51 #acg4 ,drake1 ,sir ,francis1 8 voyage ?r\gh ! ,/rait ( ,magellan1 #dad4 ,drif&a ,foss1 an icel&ic cascade1 #aad4 ,dron!im1 ! r$ de] ne>1 #dj4 ----1 description (1 #abd4 ,ducks1 wild1 ( ! ,arctic regions1 #ai4 ----1 _! migrations to & f ! nor?1 #db4 ---- ( ,icel&1 #ha1 #hd4 ,dud9ka1 ,ca/rn's visit to1 #agf4 ,dung5ess1 ,po9t1 #dji4 ,durfoor?1 8 voyage & dea?1 #ccf4 ,d',urville1 ,dumont1 8 discov]ies 9 ! ,ant>ctic ocean1 #djb4 ,dut*1 _! exp$itions to discov] an ,arctic passage to ,india1 #cci4 ,e4 ,eagle1 ! sea- 7,halitus albicilla71 ( ! nor?1 #dd4 ----1 8 food1 #dd4 ----1 :ite-tail$1 ( ,icel&1 #he4 ----1 value ( ! sk9s ( !1 #he4 ----1 !1 on ! coa/ ( ,norway1 #abe4 ----1 9 ! ,tundra 9 summ]1 #ai4 ,ebi]b+1 #dda1 #dff4 ,eg$e1 ,hans1 8 voyage to ,gre5l&1 #chd4 ,egg-vre ( ! coa/ ( ,norway1 #abd4 ,egilson1 ,olaf1 ! ,we/man cl]gyman1 8 slav]y 9 ,algi]s1 #aah4 ,eid]-duck1 its migrations to & f ! nor?1 #dc4 ---- ( ,icel&1 #ha4 ----1 bre$+ (1 #hc4 ----1 ,mr4 ,%eph]d's visit to "o ( its head-qu>t]s1 #hc4 ,eld]1 !1 9 ! ,arctic regions1 #bd4 ,elephant1 sea-1 ( ! ,ant>ctic ocean1 #cii4 ,elk1 or moose de]1 ( ! =e/s ( ! nor?1 #ch4 ----1 ,cs>'s acc\nt ( x1 #ci4 ----1 its food & pres5t habitat1 #dj4 ,elk1 its mode ( def5d+ itself1 #dj4 ,en>a1 ,lake (1 ! ,fi%] ,lapps (1 #aff4 ----1 description ( !1 #afi4 ,end]by ,l&1 discov]y (1 #dja4 ,engli% pirates1 ravages (1 9 ,icel&1 #ie4 ,erebus1 m\nt1 eruption (1 #djc4 ,eric ! ,r$1 8 visit to ,gre5l&1 #chb4 ,erm9e 7,mu/ela erm9ea7 beauty & importance ( ! fur ( !1 #baj4 ----1 ^? ( ! ,hudson's ,bay ,t]ritory1 #caf4 ,esk1 volcano1 #adf4 ,esquimaux 7see also ,innuits71 _! wide ext5sion1 #bij4 ----1 _! own "n ( ,innuit1 #bij4 ----1 "* ( ! regions !y inhabit1 #bij4 ----1 _! physical "*1 habits1 & mann]s1 #bij1 #bia4 ---- wom51 #bia4 ----1 _! dress & sn[-huts1 #bia1 #bib4 ----1 _! boat1 ! kayak or baid>1 #bic4 ----1 _! weapons1 & fi%+ & hunt+ implem5ts1 #bic1 #bid4 ----1 enmity betwe5 !m & ! ,r$ ,indians1 #bid4 ----1 _! *ase ( ! re9de]1 & bird-cat*+1 #bie4 ----1 _! :ale & seal hunts1 #bie1 #bif4 ----1 _! 8keep kuttuk10 #bif4 ----1 _! be> & walrus hunts1 #bif1 #bih4 ----1 _! dogs & dog-sl$ges1 #bii4 ----1 _! games & sports1 #cjj4 ----1 con/itution ( _! society1 #cjj4 ----1 _! angekoks1 or prie/s1 #cjj1 #cja4 ----1 _! moral "*1 self-reliance1 & intellig5ce1 #cja1 #cjb4 ----1 _! maps1 & pr$ilection = comm]cial pursuits1 #cjb4 ----1 _! voracity1 & seasons ( abundance & di/ress1 #cjb1 #cjc4 ----1 _! dpts ( food1 #cjb1 #cjc4 ----1 _! w>s ) ! ,kut*9 ,indians1 #ccc4 ----1 _! attack ( ,frankl9's boats1 #cdi4 ----1 _! hunt+ exp$itions ) ,dr4 ,kane's p>ty1 #cgj4 ----1 _! ravages on ! ,gre5l& coa/1 #chc4 ,europe1 treeless zone (1 #ah-bd4 ,evil ,_s ( ! woods ( ! ,lapl&]s1 #aeg4 ,exiles1 ,sib]ian1 #bjd1 #bje4 ----1 annual numb] (1 #bjf4 ,eyjafialla1 eruption (1 9 #ahba1 #if4 ,ey/e91 ,k+1 8 b5evol5ce1 #abf4 ,f4 ,fa]oe ,isl&s1 *ase ( ! black dolph91 or 8ca'+0 :ale1 9 !1 #fa4 ,falkl& ,isl&s1 climate (1 #cid4 ,fam9e1 ,port1 ri* vegetation (1 #daj1 #dad4 ,fe/uca ( ! ,arctic regions1 #bj4 ,f9back :ales ( ,spitzb]g51 #acg4 ,f9*es 9 ! ,tundra 9 summ]1 #ai4 ,f9m>k1 trade & fi%]ies ( ! coa/ (1 #abi4 ,f9nur ,johnson1 ! ,icel&]1 8 8,ecclesia/ical ,hi/ory ( ,icel&10 #ih4 ,fir1 diff]5t species (1 9 ,europe1 ,asia1 & ,am]ica1 #bd4 ,fi%1 & fi%+ season ( ,icel&1 #hf4 ----1 abundance (1 9 ,kam*atka1 #bee4 ---- ( ,newf\ndl&1 #cgi4 ---- ( ,gre5l&1 #chg4 ,fi% riv]1 ,great1 ,back's discov]y (1 #cee4 ,fi%] ,lapps1 acc\nt ( !1 #aff4 ,fisk]nasset1 cod-fi%]y (1 #chh4 ,fitzroy1 ,capta91 8 surveys ( ,patagonia & ,ti]ra del ,fuego1 #dae4 ,fjall ,lapp>s1 or ,m\nta9 ,lapps1 acc\nt ( !1 #aei4 ,flatey1 eid]-ducks (1 #ha1 #hb4 ,flat-fi%1 abundance (1 on ! coa/s ( ,icel&1 #hg4 ,floki1 ! ,vik+1 8 visit to ,icel&1 #ij4 ,flora ( ,spitzb]g51 #acf4 ,fl[]s ( ! ,arctic regions1 #bj4 ---- ( ! isl& ( ,/4 ,lawr5ce1 #bga4 ---- ( ,taimurl&1 #bbf4 ---- ( ,unalas*ka1 #bfi4 ,fogs ( ! ,arctic seas 9 summ]1 #ed4 ---- ne> ! isl& ( ,/4 ,lawr5ce1 #bgj4 ---- (f ,newf\ndl&1 #chj4 ,food1 am\nt (1 requir$ by man 9 ! ,arctic regions1 #bh4 ,=e/ regions1 ,arctic1 #ah4 ----1 ext5t ( !1 #bb4 ----1 "* ( ! trees ( !1 #bd4 ----1 di/9ctive "* ( ! =e/s1 #be4 ----1 *>act]s ( ! ,arctic =e/s ( ! ,mioc5e p]iod1 #bh1 #bi4 ----1 legions ( gnats 9 !1 #be4 ----1 *anges be+ effect$ by ! ag5cy ( man1 #be4 ,=e/s1 !1 head-qu>t]s ( _m ( ! ,arctic fauna1 #da4 ----1 m 9 ?an above ! e>? 9 ,nova ,zembla1 #aec4 ----1 ( ,newf\ndl&1 #cgf4 ,=get-me-n f\nd 9 ,nova ,zembla1 #aec4 ,=/]1 ,capta91 8 exp$ition to ! ,ant>ctic sea1 #cic4 ,fossils1 ,arctic1 9 ,new ,sib]ia1 #bjc4 ,f\lke1 ,port1 ,dr4 ,hayes's w9t] at1 #cgb4 ,fox1 ! ,arctic 7,canis lagopus71 its mode ( protect+ itself f ! mo/ int5se cold1 #db4 ,fox1 ! ,arctic1 its food & enemies1 #db4 ---- ( ,spitzb]g51 #acg4 ---- 9 ,nova ,zembla1 #aed4 ---- f\nd 9 ,taimurl&1 #bbg4 ---- ( ,newf\ndl&1 #cgh4 ----1 black1 ( ,sib]ia1 value ( ! fur ( !1 #baa4 ----1 ! ,brazilian 7,canis ,az>71 ( ,patagonia1 #dai4 ---- r$ 7,vulpes fulvus71 !1 #baa1 #cag4 ---- value ( ! fur ( !1 #cag4 ,fox ,isl&s1 discov]y ( !1 #bja4 ,france1 "r ( ! p (1 to fi% on ! banks ( ,newf\ndl&1 #cgi4 ,frankl91 ,lieut4 7aft]w>ds ,sir ,john71 8 fir/ ,arctic voyage1 #cdd4 ----1 8 fir/ l& j\rney1 #cdf4 ----1 8 second l& j\rney to ! %ores ( ! ,pol> sea1 #cdi4 ----1 loss ( 8 fir/ wife1 #cej4 ----1 8 la/ voyage1 #cef4 ----1 se>*+ exp$itions s5t = him1 #cef4 ----1 8 fate & t ( 8 companions1 #cfb-cfd4 ,frankl9 ,isl&1 discov]y (1 #djc4 ,fras] riv]1 voyage ( ,mack5zie d[n !1 #cjh4 ,fr$]ick ,,ii41 ,k+ ( ,d5m>k1 8 exp$ition to ,gre5l&1 #chc4 ,fr$]ick ,,iv41 8 f\ndation ( ! ,f9m>k mission1 #aef4 ,fri$ri*1 ! ,saxon bi%op1 introduces ,*ri/ianity into ,icel&1 #ib4 ,fritill>ia ,s>rana1 us$ z food 9 ,kam*atka1 #beh4 ,frobi%]1 ,m>t91 8 endeavors to discov] an ,arctic passage to ,india1 #ccg4 ----1 discov]y ( relics (1 #dff4 ----1 8 subsequ5t c>e]1 #ccg4 ,fr[>d1 ,cape1 sc5]y (1 #daj4 ,froz5 sailor1 #dfd4 ,fruits ( ! ,arctic regions1 #ba4 ,fuego1 ,ti]ra del1 climate (1 #cic4 ----1 orig9 ( ! "n1 #dac4 ----1 ,capta9 ,fitzroy's survey (1 #dae4 ----1 acc\nt ( ! ,fuegians1 #dbe4 ----1 degradation ( ! ,fuegians1 #dbe1 #dbf4 ----1 _! p[]s z mimics1 #dbf4 ----1 _! notions ( trade1 #dbg4 ----1 causes ( _! l[ /ate ( civilization1 #dbg4 ----1 _! food1 #dbh4 ----1 _! dress1 huts1 arms1 & ornam5ts1 #dbh1 #dbi4 ----1 _! cannibalism1 #dcj4 ----1 _! language1 #dcj4 ----1 ,capta9 ,fitzroy's ?ree ,fuegians1 #dcj1 #dca4 ----1 mission>y labors1 #dca4 ----1 ,capta9 ,g>d9]1 #dca4 ,fuel1 k9ds (1 us$ 9 ,icel&1 #hi4 ,fur1 acc\nt ( ! ,russian ,fur ,company1 & its op]ations1 #bgb4 ----1 acc\nt ( ! fur-trade ( ! ,hudson's ,bay ,company1 #cjd et seq4 ----1 trade 91 at ! fair ( ,obdorsk1 #ahi4 ---- ( ,sib]ia1 #bjh4 ----1 importance ( ! trade 91 #bab4 ---- ( ! ,t*ukt*i1 #bfd4 ,g4 ,gabriel ,*annel1 williwaws (1 #dab4 ,gadflies :i* attack ! re9de]1 #ch4 ,galictis vittata1 !1 ( ,patagonia1 #dah4 ,gambl+ ( ! ,cree ,indians1 #cbd4 ,g>d>1 ! nor!rn pirate1 8 ! fir/ circumnavigation ( ,icel&1 #ij4 ,g>d>'s ,holm1 or ,gad>'s ,isl&1 ,icel& s call$1 #ij4 ,g>d9]1 ,capta91 8 mission to ,fuegia1 & melan*oly end1 #dca4 ,gawril[1 produce ( ! gold m9e (1 #bah4 ,geese1 wild1 ( ! ,arctic regions1 #ai4 ----1 sn[1 _! migrations to & f ! nor?1 #dc4 ---- ( ,icel&1 #ha4 8,george ,h5ry10 ! %ip1 #dcf4 ,george1 ,/41 climate ( ! isl& (1 #bgj4 ----1 sea-lions & guillemots (1 #bga4 ,georgia1 ,s\?1 discov]y (1 #cic4 ,g]many1 ! elk or moose-de] (1 9 ! "t ( ,cs>1 #ci4 ,geysir1 ! ,great1 description ( !1 #ga4 ,gh]itz1 ,dirck1 8 discov]y ( ! ,new ,%etl& ,isl&s1 #cib4 ,gilb]t1 ,sir ,humphrey1 takes possession ( ,newf\ndl&1 #cgi4 ,g9kloti1 or *ildr5's disease1 9 ! ,we/man ,isl&s1 #aah4 ,gissur1 8 "w on 8 voyages to ! ,ea/1 #id4 ----1 ! ,icel&]1 8 le>n+ & travels1 #ih4 ,gjas1 or *asms1 9 ,icel&1 #gf1 #gg4 ,glaci]1 ! great1 9 ! ,gulf ( ,p5as1 #cid4 ,glaci]s1 enorm\s dim5sions ( !1 ( ! pol> regions1 #ej4 ,glaci]s ( ,magdal5a ,bay1 #ace2 ice cliffs & avalan*es (1 #ace4 ---- ( ! ,be]5b]g m\nta91 #adf4 ,glott(f1 ,/eph51 8 discov]y ( ,kadiak1 #bjb4 ,gloves1 re9de]1 ( ,tornea1 #cg4 ,glutton1 or wolv]9e1 /r5g? & fi]c5ess ( !1 #cg4 ,glutton1 its attack ( ! re9de]1 #cg1 #ch4 ----1 its voracity1 #ch4 ----1 f\nd 9 ,taimurl&1 #bbg4 ----1 ^? ( ,nor? ,am]ica1 #caf4 ----1 value & uses ( ! fur ( !1 #caf4 ,gnats1 legions (1 9 ! =e/s & swamps1 #bf4 ,goda-foss1 !1 an ,icel&ic cascade1 #gh4 ,gold digg+s ( ,ea/]n ,sib]ia1 #bjh4 ----1 description ( ! gold-fields1 #bad4 ,gomez1 8 voyages ( discov]y1 #cce4 ,goose1 bean 7,ans] segetum71 ( ,nova ,zembla1 #aee4 ,goose1 ,br5t1 its migrations to & f ! nor?1 #dc4 ----1 its rapid flight1 #dc4 ,graah1 ,capta91 8 explorations ( ! coa/ ( ,gre5l&1 #chf4 ,graham ,l&1 discov]y (1 #dja4 ,grampus1 or orc 7,delph9us orca71 description ( !1 #fb4 ----1 8 f]ocity & mode ( pl\gh+ ! seas1 #fb4 ---- ( ,nova ,zembla1 #aee4 ---- ( ! ,ant>ctic ,ocean1 #cih4 ----1 conflict ( "o ) a :ale1 #cih4 ,grasses1 tuft$1 ( ! ,arctic regions1 #bj4 ---- ( ! treeless zone1 #ba4 ----1 p>am\nt importance ( ! grasses 9 ,icel&1 #gi4 ---- ( ,taimurl&1 #bbf4 ,gre5l&1 va/ ice-fields (1 #bg4 ----1 pro(s ( a =m] mild] climate 91 #bi4 ----1 enorm\s dim5sions ( ! glaci]s (1 #ej4 ----1 !1 :ale1 #fj4 ----1 transp>5cy ( ! wat] on ! coa/ (1 #ei4 ----1 abundance ( animal life 9 ! seas (1 #fj4 ----1 walruses ( ! coa/s ( ! nor? (1 #fd4 ----1 ,kane's sl$ge j\rney along ! coa/ (1 #cfg4 ----1 unkn[n ext5t (1 #chb4 ----1 anci5t ,sc&9avian coloni/s (1 #chb4 ----1 ! "n (1 giv5 to x1 #chb4 ----1 introduction ( ,*ri/ianity 91 #chb4 ----1 decl9e & fall ( ! c\ntry1 #chc4 ----1 subsequ5t explorations (1 #chc4 ----1 ,hans ,eg$e1 ! pa/or1 8 voyage to1 #chd4 ----1 f\ndation ( ,god?aab 91 #chd4 ----1 arrival ( ,h]r5hu? mission>ies 91 #chd4 ----1 explorations ( ! coa/ (1 #che4 ----1 pres5t ,dani% settlem5ts (1 #chf4 ----1 scanty population (1 #chf4 ----1 mode ( life ( ! p (1 #chf1 #chg1 #chi4 ----1 fi%]ies (1 #chh4 ----1 poorness ( ! l& 91 #chh4 ----1 quantities ( drift-wood at1 #chh4 ----1 m9]als (1 #chi4 ----1 ,*ri/ianity 91 #chi4 ----1 climate1 m\nta9s1 & fjords (1 #chi4 ----1 ice-caves ( ! coa/ (1 #cij4 ----1 ! capital (1 #dcg4 ,gre5l&]s1 _! discov]y (1 & colonies 9 ,am]ica1 #cce4 ----1 de/ruction ( _! colonies1 #cce4 ----1 _! habits1 #dcg4 ,greiff5feld1 8 imprisonm5t 9 ,munkholm1 #abd4 ,gr9ds4 ,see ,dolph9s1 black4 ,gr9nell ,l&1 vegetation (1 #bj4 ----1 ,dr4 ,hayes's discov]ies 91 #cgb-cgd4 ,guanaco1 !1 ( ,patagonia1 #dai4 ,guano1 circum/ances :i* favor ! deposit (1 #dah4 ,guillemot1 on ! ,pribil[ ,isl&s1 #bga4 ,gulf ,/ream1 influ5ce (1 on ! s\? & we/ coa/s ( ,icel&1 #gi2 & on ! climate ( ,norway1 #aba4 ,gull1 ,ross's1 di/ance nor? at :i* x has be5 se51 #fg4 ,gull1 ivory1 9 ,taimurl&1 #bbg4 ,gu/avus ,i41 ,k+ ( ,sw$51 8 k9d treatm5t ( ! ,lapps1 #aef4 ,gu/avus ,adolphus1 8 f\ndation ( a s*ool = ! ,lapps1 #aef4 ,h4 ,haddocks1 abundance (1 on ! coa/ ( ,icel&1 #hg4 ,hakon1 ,k+ ( ,norway1 8 annexation ( ,icel&1 #ie4 ,hall1 ,*>les ,francis1 8 ,arctic exp$ition1 #dcc-dfg4 ----1 ,james1 8 voyage to ,gre5l&1 #chc4 ,hamm]fe/1 description ( ! t[n (1 #abi4 ----1 traffic (1 #abi4 ----1 ! p (1 #abi4 ----1 c>goes ( walruses & seals br\ght f ,spitzb]g51 #adc4 ,h>e1 ! fur ( !1 ( ,sib]ia1 #bab4 ----1 ice 7,lepus glacialis71 #cag4 ----f\nd 9 ,taimurl&1 #bbg4 ,h>e ,indians1 hunt+-gr\nds ( !1 #cbg4 ----1 _! wom51 #cbh4 ,h>old ,haafag]1 or ! ,fair-hair$1 8 e/abli%m5t ( an absolute mon>*y 9 ,norway1 #ij4 ----1 exodus caus$ by 8 tyranny1 #ia4 ,h>p-seal ( ! ,pol> seas1 #fb4 ,ha!rton1 ,cape1 discov]y (1 #cfe4 ,hav51 ,lieut1 de1 8 se>* = ,frankl91 #ceg1 #ceh4 ,hawks 9 ! ,tundra1 9 summ]1 #ai4 ,hayes1 ,dr41 8 sl$ge j\rney ov] ,k5n$y ,*annel1 #cfh4 ----1 8 ,arctic voyage 9 #ahfj1 #cgb-cgd4 ----1 8 op9ion z to :at may be done 9 ! ,arctic regions1 #cgd4 ,hecla1 eruptions (1 s9ce ! colonization ( ,icel&1 #ie-ig4 8,hecla0 & 8,fury0 ,/raits1 discov]y (1 #cdh4 ,heemsk]k1 8 voyages ( discov]y1 #cdj4 ,he9eson1 ,mog5s1 ! 8sea-cock10 8 voyage t[>ds ,gre5l&1 #chc4 ,hepburn1 ,john1 ! sailor1 8 ov]l& j\rney1 #cdf4 ,h]ald ,isl&1 discov]y (1 #cfj4 ,heimaey1 or ,home ,isl&1 description (1 #aaf4 ,h]r+1 ! fi%]y ( ! coa/ ( ,norway1 #abe4 ----1 food = ! rorqual1 or f9-:ales1 #fa4 ----1 abundance ( !1 on ! coa/s ( ,icel&1 #hg4 ,hesp]is1 !1 on ! ,m>y ,m9turn riv]1 #bj4 ,hildr+51 agriculture (1 #abd4 ,hobson1 ,lieut41 8 se>* = ,frankl91 #cfb1 #cfd4 ,holme1 !1 ( ,norway1 #abd4 ,hood1 ,rob]t1 8 ,arctic j\rney1 #cdf4 ----1 murd]$1 #cdg4 ,horn1 ,cape1 discov]y ( ! passage r\nd1 #dad4 ,horse1 !1 9 ,icel&1 #hj4 ---- ( ! ,jakuts1 #bcj-bcb4 ,hrafnagja1 #ge4 ,hudson1 ,h5ry1 visit (1 to ,spitzb]g51 #ach4 ----1 8 ! fir/ attempt to sail across ! ,nor? ,pole1 #cdb4 ----1 8 subsequ5t voyages & discov]ies1 #cdb4 ----1 8 melan*oly end1 #cdc4 ,hudson's ,bay1 b>r5 l&s (1 #bb4 ----1 *>act]s ( ! ,conif] (1 #bd4 ----1 walruses ( ! coa/s (1 #fd4 ----1 discov]y (1 #cab4 ,hudson's ,bay ,company1 acc\nt ( ! fur-trade ( !1 #cjd4 ----1 ! old c\reur des bois & ! mod]n voyageur (1 #cjd1 #cje4 ----1 hi/ory ( !1 #cjg4 ----1 =mation ( a rival company1 & subsequ5t amalgamation ( ! two1 #cjg-caj4 ----1 palmy days ( !1 #caj4 ----1 its recon/ruction 9 #ahfc1 #caj4 ----1 its trad+-po/s1 & _! managem5t1 #caj1 #caa4 ----1 its ef=ts to civilize ! native tribes1 #cab4 ----1 ! /&>d ( ex*ange1 ! beav]-sk91 #cac4 ----1 ext5t ( ! fur-trade (1 #cac4 ----1 acc\nt ( ! fur-be>+ animals ( ! ,t]ritory1 #cac1 #cad4 ,hudson riv]1 discov]y ( !1 #cdb4 ,hudson's ,/raits1 ,seba/ian ,cabot's discov]y (1 #cce4 ,humboldt ,glaci]1 ! ,great1 #ej4 ----1 ,kane's description ( !1 #cfg4 ,humm+-bird on ! p59sula ( ,aliaska1 #bfi4 ---- 9 ,newf\ndl&1 #cgh4 ---- ( ,patagonia1 #dbj4 ,huts ( ! ,esquimaux1 #bic4 ---- ( ! ,icel&]s1 #ajb4 ,hval1 isl& (1 #abi4 ,hvita riv]1 9 ,icel&1 #gh4 ,i4 ,ice1 va/ fields (1 9 ! plateaus ( ,spitzb]g51 ,gre5l&1 & ,nova ,zembla1 #bg4 ----1 float+ masses (1 9 ! ,pol> seas1 #de4 ----1 enorm\s ext5t ( ! ,pol> glaci]s1 #di1 #ej4 ----1 causes :i* prev5t ! accumulation ( ,pol> ice1 #ee1 #ef4 ----1 a bad conductor ( heat1 #eg4 ----1 ice-fields ( ,icel&1 #fi4 ----1 glaci]s1 ice-cliffs1 & avalan*es ( ,spitzb]g51 #ace1 #acf4 ----1 imp$im5ts (f]$ by ! hummocks to travell]s on ! ,pol> sea1 #bdj4 ----1 iceb]gs ( ! ,ant>ctic sea1 #cib4 ----1 ice-caves ( ,gre5l&1 #cij4 ----1 ! great ice-b>ri] ( ! ,ant>ctic ,ocean1 #djc4 ----1 pack-ice ( ! ,ant>ctic ,ocean1 #djd1 #dje4 ,iceb]gs1 #df4 ----1 =ms & size (1 #dh4 ----1 orig9 (1 #dh4 ----1 localities 9 :i* mo/ ( ! iceb]gs ( ! ,nor? ,atlantic are =m$1 #di4 ----1 ,dr4 ,hayes's description (1 9 a midnight sun1 #ej4 ----1 h[ di/+ui%$ at night & 9 fogs1 #eb4 ----1 dang]s ( collisions )1 #eb4 ----1 protection to %ips af=d$ by1 #ec4 ----1 dang]s ( an*or+ to1 #ec4 ,iceb]gs1 8calv+0 (1 #ed4 ----1 crumbl+ (1 #ed4 ,ice-bl9k1 description ( ! ph5om5on (1 #ed4 ----1 its advantages to ! ,arctic navigator1 #ed4 ,ice-fields1 #df4 ----1 hummocks on1 #df4 ----1 collision (1 #dh4 ----1 dang]s caus$ by1 to %ips1 #dh4 ,ice-grotto ( ,surts-hellir1 #gg4 ,icel&1 volcanic orig9 (1 #fh4 ----1 ! c\ntry 9 w9t] & 9 summ]1 #fh1 #gi4 ----1 /]ile portions ( ! isl&1 #fi4 ----1 its imm5se ice-fields1 #fi4 ----1 its lava-/reams1 #fi1 #gg4 ----1 ! burn+ m\nta9s ( ,krisuvik1 #fi4 ----1 ! mud-caldrons & hot spr+s1 #gj4 ----1 ! ,great ,geysir1 #ga4 ----1 ! ,/rokkr1 #gb4 ----1 cry/al pools1 #gc4 ----1 ! ,almannagja1 #gc1 #gd4 ----1 ! ,surts-hellir1 or caves ( ,surtur1 #gg4 ----1 riv]s & cascades (1 #gh4 ----1 influ5ce ( ! ocean curr5ts on ! climate1 #gh4 ----1 mean annual temp]ature1 #gi4 ----1 abs5ce ( trees 91 #gi4 ----1 vegetation & condition ( agriculture1 #gi4 ----1 indig5\s l& quadrup$s1 #hj4 ----1 cattle ( ! ,icel&]s1 #hj4 ----1 bev]ages1 #hj4 ----1 mode ( %e>+ %eep1 #hj4 ----1 *>act]i/ics & numb] ( horses1 #hj4 ----1 ! re9de]1 #hj1 #ha4 ----1 ! pol> be>1 #ha4 ----1 ! eid]-duck1 #ha1 #hh4 ----1 ! giant auk1 #he1 #hf4 ----1 ,icel&ic fi% & fi%+ season1 #hf1 #hg4 ----1 hospitality ( ! p1 #hg4 ----1 m9]als ( ! c\ntry1 #hh4 ----1 fuel us$ by ! ,icel&]s1 #hh4 ----1 hi/ory (1 #hi4 ----1 ,naddodr's discov]y ( ! ,ice ,l&1 #hi2 :i* he nam$ ,sn[l&1 #ii4 ----1 circumnavigat$ by ! pirate ,gad>1 & call$ by him ,g>d>'s holm1 #ij4 ----1 visit$ by ! vik+ ,floki1 & call$ by him ,icel&1 #ij4 ----1 f\ndation ( ,reykjavik by ,+olfr & ,leif1 #ij4 ----1 exodus f ,norway to1 #ia4 ----1 introduction ( ! ,norwegian language & cu/oms1 #ia4 ----1 code ( laws ( ,uffliot ! ,wise1 #ia4 ----1 ! anci5t ,al?+ at ,?+valla1 #ia1 #ib4 ----1 introduction ( ,*ri/ianity into ! isl&1 #ib4 ----1 ! gold5 age ( ,icel&ic lit]ature1 #id4 ----1 hi/ory (1 annexation ( ! isl& to ,norway1 #ie4 ----1 its subsequ5t mis=tunes1 #ie4 ----1 volcanic eruptions1 #ie4 ----1 mis]y caus$ by ! curse ( monopoly1 #ig4 ----1 hope = ! future ( ! isl&]s1 #ig4 ----1 acc\nt ( ! ,icel&]s ( ! pres5t day1 #ih4 ----1 ,skalkott1 ! =m] capital ( ! isl&1 #ih4 ----1 ! pres5t capital1 ,reykjavik1 #ajj4 ----1 /ate ( trade 91 #ajj4 ----1 ! m]*ant & ! peasant1 #aja4 ----1 temp]ate habits ( ! p1 #aja4 ----1 condition ( agriculture1 #ajb4 ,icel&1 a h>ve/ home1 #ajb4 ----1 w9t] life1 #ajb1 #ajh1 #aji4 ----1 huts ( ! ,icel&]s1 #ajb1 #ajc4 ----1 *ur*es1 #ajd4 ----1 cl]gym5 all blacksmi?s1 #aja1 note1 #ajf2 _! pov]ty1 #ajf-ajh4 ----1 ! ,icel& poet1 ,john ,?orlakson1 #ajg4 ----1 education ( ! cl]gy & *ildr51 #ajh1 #aji4 ----1 indu/ry & ?ir/ = k ( ! p1 #aji2 _! language1 #aji4 ----1 ! libr>y ( ,reykjavik1 #aji4 ----1 ! ,icel&ic ,lit]>y ,society1 #aaj4 ----1 ,icel&ic newspap]s1 #aaj4 ----1 heal? ( ! p1 #aaj4 ----1 difficulties & exp5se ( travell+1 #aaj-aac4 ---- moss1 eat5 & export$ by ! ,icel&]s1 #gi4 ---- moss1 food = ! de] ( ,spitzb]g51 #acg4 ----1 9 ! treeless zone1 #ba4 ,idols ( ! ,samoedes1 #ahj4 ,igloolik1 isl& (1 #cdh4 ,iligliuk1 ! ,esquimaux1 h] intellig5ce & passion = music1 #cdh4 ,indians1 ,r$1 _! enmity ) ! ,esquimaux1 #bid4 ----1 _! decimation by smallpox & drunk5ness1 #cjh4 ----1 ef=ts ( ! ,hudson's ,bay ,company to civilize !m1 #cab1 #cac4 ----1 ! beav] sk9 _! /&>d ( ex*ange ) ! ,company1 #cac4 ,+lefield1 ,capta91 8 se>* = ,frankl91 #cei4 ----1 8 discov]ies1 #cfe4 ,+olfr1 ! ,norwegian y>l1 8 visit to ,icel&1 & f\ndation ( ,reykjavik1 #ij4 ,innuits1 !1 see also ,esquimaux1 #dcc1 #dfg4 ----1 _! "*1 #dci1 #dfa4 ----1 amusem5t (1 #ddj4 ----1 _! dwell+s1 #ddc1 #deg1 #dfb4 ----1 di/ress 9 w9t]1 #ddd4 ----1 seal1 fea/s (1 #dde4 ----1 mode ( captur+ seals1 #ddf1 #ddh1 #deb4 ----1 _! dogs1 #dde1 #dej1 #ded4 ----1 _! op9ion ( ! be>1 #dea4 ----1 mode ( hunt+ ! walrus1 #ded4 ----1 _! implem5ts1 #def4 ----1 mode ( con/ruct+ an igloo1 #deg4 ----1 _! use ( ! re9de]1 #deh4 ----1 _! clo?+1 #dfj4 ----1 re9de] fea/s1 #dei4 ----1 food & mode ( eat+1 #dfj4 ----1 _! religi\s ideas1 #dfj4 ----1 treatm5t ( ! sick1 #dfa4 ----1 gradual ext9ction1 #dfb4 ,insects ( ,taimurl&1 #bbg4 ,iri% coloni/s on ! ,we/man ,isl&s1 #aae4 ,irkutsk1 extreme cold (1 #bjh4 ----1 ,wrangell's visit to1 #bcc4 ----1 summ] fl[]s (1 #bcc4 ,iron m9es ne> ,dron!im1 #abd4 ,isabella1 ,cape1 discov]y (1 #cfe4 ,i%emsk1 ,ca/rn's visit to1 #agd4 ----1 ! ,isprawnik (1 & 8 wife1 #agd1 #agf4 ,isl&s )9 ! ,arctic ,circle1 b>r5 gr\nds ( !1 #ah4 ,isleif1 ! olde/ *ronicl] ( ! ,nor?1 #ih4 ,issak[1 ( ,kem1 r\nds ! nor?-ea/]n extremity ( ,nova ,zembla1 #aej4 ,xlm5es1 cruelty ( _! conqu]ors1 ! ,russians1 #aih4 ,ivan ,wasiljewits* ,i41 fir/ ,cz> ( ,russia1 8 defeat ( ! ,t>t>s1 #aia4 ,ivan ,wasiljewits* ,i41 subdues ! ,great ,novgorod1 #aia4 ----1 becomes head ( ! ,greek or?odox ,*ur* & ! fir/ ,cz>1 #aib4 ----1 ,*ancellor's visit to him at ,mosc[1 #ccf4 ,ivan ,wasiljewits* ,,ii41 8 conque/ ( ,kasan1 #aib4 ----1 8 surname ( ! ,t]rible1 #aib4 ,ivory1 fossil1 9 ! isl&s ( ,new ,sib]ia1 #bjb4 ,iwalo riv]1 9 ,lapl&1 ,ca/rn's j\rney on !1 #afi4 ,j4 ,jak[lew family1 #bai4 ----1 _! enorm\s weal? 9 gold m9es1 #bai4 ,jakuts1 !1 confirm$ by ! ,cz> 9 _! possessions1 #aii4 ----1 _! sn>es & traps1 #bac4 ----1 _! en]gy & cunn+1 #bbh4 ----1 _! language1 orig91 "*1 & p]sonal appe>ance1 #bbh4 ----1 _! summ] & w9t] huts1 #bbi4 ----1 _! horses1 #bcj4 ----1 _! p[]s ( endurance & %>pness ( vision1 #bcj4 ----1 _! manufactures & articles ( dress1 #bca4 ----1 _! gluttony1 #bca4 ----1 ! univ]sal c>ri]s to ! ea/ ( ! ,l5a1 #bca4 ----1 _! sup]/itions1 #bcb4 ----1 _! (f]+s ( horsehair to ! _s ( ! m\nta9s1 #bcb4 ----1 _! songs1 #bcb4 ----1 wret*$ condition ( ! riv]1 #beb4 ,jakutsk1 mean temp]ature (1 9 summ] & w9t]1 #bg4 ----1 extreme cold (1 #bjh4 ----1 gloomy appe>ance ( ! t[n1 #bcc4 ----1 trade (1 #bcc4 ,jan ,mey51 description (1 #adf4 ,jelly1 made f ! horns & claws ( ! re9de]1 #cg4 ,jelly-fi% 7,pleurobra*ia pileus7 9 ! sea ( ,k>a1 #aea4 ,j5issei riv]1 ,ca/rn's j\rney to !1 #agf4 ,j5iseisk1 ,ca/rn's visit to1 #agg4 ----1 ! o/rog (1 f\nd$1 #aie4 ,jyrfalcon 7,falco gyrfalco71 its head-qu>t]s 9 ,icel&1 #he4 ----1 =m] trade 9 !1 #he4 ,jilibeamba]tje1 or ,num1 ! ,supreme ,be+ ( ! ,samoedes1 #agi4 8,john1 ,g5tleman10 ! ,engli% pirate1 #aah4 ,john's1 ,/41 capital ( ,newf\ndl&1 #cgh4 ,jkuls1 or ice-m\nta9s ( ,icel&1 #fh4 ,jkulsa i ,ax>firdi riv]1 9 ,icel&1 #gh4 ,jkulsa riv]1 9 ,icel&1 #gh4 ,jones's ,s\nd1 discov]y ( ! entrance to1 #cdc4 ,jukahires1 *ief res\rce ( ^? ( ! ,aniuj1 #bcg4 ----1 ,jelissei ,busa's resid5ce among !1 #aie4 ,k4 ,kadiak1 isl& (1 discov]y ( !1 #bjb4 ,kaiak1 isl& (1 l&+ ( ,/ella on !1 #bdi4 8,kalewala10 ,ca/rn's ,sw$i% translation ( !1 #agj4 ,kam*atka1 subjugation (1 by ! ,russians1 #aih4 ----1 cruelty ( ! conqu]ors1 #aih4 ,kam*atka1 ,/ell]'s sci5tific j\rney to1 #bdh4 ----1 its climate & f]tility1 #bed4 ----1 abundance ( fi% 9 ! riv]s1 #bee4 ----1 bird-cat*]s (1 #bee4 ----1 population1 #bee4 ----1 m\nta9 *a9 & volcanoes1 #bef4 ----1 climate & m9]al spr+s1 #bef4 ----1 h>bors & population1 #bef4 ----1 heal?9ess ( ! p1 #beg4 ----1 _! food1 #beh4 ----1 _! animals1 #beh1 #bfj4 ----1 "* ( ! p1 #bfj1 #bfa4 ,kane1 ,dr41 8 ,arctic voyages1 #cfe4 ----1 8 acc\nt ( 8 fir/ w9t] 9 ,r5ssela] ,bay1 #cfe4 ----1 8 description ( ! ,pol> night1 #cff4 ----1 8 sl$ge j\rney along ! coa/ ( ,gre5l&1 #cfg4 ----1 8 illness on ! voyage & recov]y1 #cfh4 ----1 resolves to w9t] a second "t 9 ,r5ssela] ,bay1 #cfi4 ----1 dep>ture & return ( "p ( 8 crew1 #cfi1 #cgj4 ----1 suff]+s ( 8 p>ty1 #cga4 ----1 ab&onm5t ( 8 %ip1 & boat j\rney to ,up]navik1 #cga4 ----1 8 return to ,new ,york1 & dea?1 #cgb4 ,k>a ,gate1 rea*$ by ,/eph5 ,burr\gh1 #ccf4 ,k>a1 ,sea (1 #adg4 ----1 exp$itions to !1 #adg4 ,kasan1 ,russian conque/ (1 #aib4 ,kellett1 ,capta91 8 se>* = ,frankl91 #cei4 ,k5dall1 ,lieut41 8 voyage to ! ,copp]m9e riv]1 #cdi4 ----1 8 acc\nt ( ,deception ,isl&1 #cic4 ,k5n$y1 ,william1 8 se>* = ,frankl91 #ceh4 ----1 8 sl$ge j\rney ) ,bellot1 #cei4 ,k5n$y ,*annel1 ,dr4 ,hayes's sl$ge j\rney across1 #cfh4 ----1 8 voyage across1 #cgc4 ,k]guel5 ,l&1 climate (1 #cic4 ,khipsack1 de/ruction ( ! empire ( ! ,khans (1 #aia4 ,k+1 ,capta91 8 survey ( ! ,magellan ,/rait1 #dae4 ,k+ ,william's ,isl&1 coa/ (1 trac$ by ,mr4 ,?omas ,simpson1 #cef4 ,kl(a jkul1 ext5t ( !1 #fi4 ,knight1 ,john1 8 melan*oly ,arctic voyage1 #cda4 ----1 murd]$ by ! ,esquimaux1 #cdb4 ,koldewey1 ,capta91 8 j\rney t[>ds ! ,nor? ,pole1 #cgd4 ,kolwa1 ,ca/rn's visit to1 #agd4 ,kolyma riv]1 inundations ( !1 #bcg4 ,kolymsk1 ,ni%nei1 f\ndation ( ! t[n (1 #aig4 ----1 ,wrangell's visit to1 #bcd4 ----1 situation & climate (1 #bcd4 ----1 vegetable & animal life1 #bce4 ----1 population ( ! di/rict1 #bcf4 ----1 dwell+s ( ! ,russian resid5ts1 #bcf4 ----1 mode ( life ( ! natives1 #bcf1 #bcg4 ----1 _! dogs1 #bcf1 #bcg4 ----1 b]ry-ga!r+ 9 ! di/rict1 #bch4 ----1 fam9e ( ! p1 #bch4 ----1 social p>ties at1 #bch4 ,koriaks1 !1 confirm$ by ! ,cz> 9 _! possessions1 #aii4 ,koronnoie ,filipp[skoi1 ,von ,midd5dorff's j\rney to1 #bba4 ,ko/9 ,s*>1 visit ( ,von ,ba] to1 #aeb4 ----1 /orm 91 #aeb4 ,ktlugja1 eruptions (1 s9ce ! colonization ( ,icel&1 #ie1 #ig4 ,krasnoj>sk1 ,ca/rn's visit to1 #age1 #agf4 ----1 extravagance ( ! gold ari/ocracy (1 #bah4 ,kr5itz91 8 discov]y ( ! p59sula ( ,aljaska1 #bjb4 ,kresd[osdwi%5sk1 produce ( ! gold m9e (1 #bah4 ,krisuvik1 burn+ m\nta9s (1 #fi4 ,krot[1 ,lieut5ant1 lo/ (f ,nova ,zembla1 #adg4 ,kut*9 ,indians1 _! dwell+-place1 #cca4 ----1 _! p]sonal appe>ance & dress1 #cca4 ----1 _! m$ium ( ex*ange1 #cca4 ----1 _! wom5 & *ildr51 #ccb4 ----1 _! amusem5ts1 #ccb4 ----1 _! w>s ) ! ,esquimaux1 #ccc4 ----1 _! suspici\s & timor\s lives1 #ccc4 ----1 _! mode ( p\nd+ ! moose-de]1 #ccc4 ----1 _! frequ5t di/ress1 #ccd4 ----1 _! huts1 #ccd4 ,kut*um ,khan1 8 conque/ ( ,sib]ia1 #aib4 ----1 defeat$ by ,y]mak ! robb]1 at ,tobolsk1 #aic1 #aid4 ----1 8 rev5ge1 #aid4 ,l4 ,labrador1 b>r5 l&s (1 #bb4 ----1 effect ( ! icy seas & cold curr5ts on ! climate (1 #bb4 ----1 discov]$ & coloniz$ by ,gre5l&]s1 #cce4 ,l*[ ,isl&s1 discov]y ( !1 #bjb4 ,lag>fliot riv]1 9 ,icel&1 #gh4 ,lakes ( ,newf\ndl&1 #cgg4 ,lamb]t1 ,m4 ,gu/ave1 8 op9ion z to ! r\te to ! ,pole1 #cge4 ,lanca/] ,s\nd1 discov]y ( ! entrance to1 #cdc4 ,lapps1 _! hi/ory & conv]sion to ,*ri/ianity1 #aef4 ----1 pov]ty & self-d5ial ( _! cl]gy1 #aeg4 ----1 _! anci5t gods & pres5t sup]/itions1 #aef1 #aeg4 ----1 ,evil ,_s ( ! woods1 #aeg4 ----1 sorc]y & wit*craft1 #aeh4 ----1 _! p]sonal appe>ance1 #aeh4 ,lapp>s1 ! ,fjall1 or ,m\nta9 ,lapps1 #aei4 ----1 _! dwell+s1 #aei4 ----1 _! re9de] p5s1 #afj4 ----1 _! summ] & w9t] encampm5ts1 #afa4 ----1 _! sl$ges & skates1 #afa4 ----1 natural beauties ( _! c\ntry1 #afb4 ----1 _! love ( home1 #afb4 ----1 _! mode ( hunt+ ! be> & ! wolf1 #afc1 #afd4 ----1 ! weal?y1 & _! mode ( liv+1 #afd4 ----1 _! annual visits to ! fairs1 #afe4 ----1 _! drunk5ness1 #afe4 ----1 _! wor%ip ( mammon1 treasure ho>d+1 #afe4 ----1 _! fondness = br&y & tobacco1 #afe4 ----1 _! affectionate disposition1 #aff4 ----1 ! ,skogslapp>s1 or ,=e/ ,lapps1 #aff4 ----1 ! ,fi%]1 #aff4 ,laptew1 ,lieut4 ,*]iton1 8 explorations ( ! coa/s ( ,taimurl&1 #bjj4 ----1 8 explorations to ! ea/ ( ! ,l5a1 #bjj4 ,l>*1 !1 ( ,sib]ia1 #bd4 ----1 ( ! ,hudson's ,bay ,t]ritory1 #bd4 ,lawr5ce1 ,/41 climate & vegetation ( ! isl& (1 #bga4 ,lava /reams ( ,icel&1 #fi1 #gg4 ----1 /reams (1 ?r[n out by ! great eruption ( ,skapt> ,jkul1 #ie-ig4 ,laxaa1 or ,salmon riv]1 abundance ( fi% caught 9 !1 #hg4 ,leif1 ! ,norwegian j>l1 8 visit to ,icel&1 #ij4 ----1 murd]$ by 8 ,iri% slaves1 #ia4 ,lemm+1 its habitat & food4 #db4 ----1 exagg]ations ( ,olaus ,magnus & ,pontoppidan respect+ !1 #db4 ----1 its enemies1 & accid5ts to :i* x is liable1 #db4 ----( ,new ,sib]ia1 #bg4 ----( ,nova ,zembla1 #aed4 ,l5a riv]1 asc5d$ by ! ,cossacks1 #aie4 ----1 importance ( !1 #ag4 ----1 b>r5 gr\nds ne> !1 #bb4 ----1 ,wrangell's j\rney d[n !1 #bcc4 ,leprosy1 or 8lik?ra10 ( ,icel&1 #aaj4 ,li*5s1 gray1 ( ! 8b>r5 gr\nds10 #ah4 ----1 food = ! re9de]1 #bg4 ----1 ! ,li*5 rangif]9us1 ! food ( ! re9de]1 #cf4 ----( ,nova ,zembla1 #aec4 ----( ! ,pribil[ ,isl&s1 #bga4 ,liddon1 ,lieut4 ,m41 8 ,arctic voyages1 #cde4 ,l9d5[1 ,godske1 8 voyage to ,gre5l&1 #chc4 ,lion1 sea- 7,ot>ia ,/ell]i71 value ( ! sk9 ( !1 #bgf4 ----1 ! sea-1 ( ! ,ant>ctic ,ocean1 #cii4 ,li/]1 ,cape1 discov]y (1 #che4 ,li?uania1 ! elk (1 #ci4 ,loaisa1 ,g>cia de1 8 voyage r\nd ! globe1 #dac4 ,l(ot5 ,isl&s1 !1 #abe4 ----1 cod-fi%]y ( !1 #abe1 #abf4 ,loom+ objects 9 ! ,arctic regions1 #ee4 ,los*k91 ! walrus-hunt]1 8 voyage on ! coa/ ( ,nova ,zembla1 #adg4 ,l/adius1 ! ,lapp prie/1 8 self-d5ial & pov]ty1 #aeg4 ,l\*eux4 ,see ,kut*9 ,indians4 ,l\is-,philippe ,t]re1 discov]y (1 #djb4 ,lovunn51 puff9s (1 #abe4 ,lw5orn1 8 voyage to ,gre5l&1 #che4 ,ltke1 ,admiral1 8 endeavors to p5etrate along ! coa/ ( ,nova ,zembla1 #adg4 ,ly*nis1 purple1 ( ! ,arctic regions1 #bj4 ,lynx1 ,canada1 or pi%u 7,lynx ,canad5sis71 #cag4 ----1 value ( ! fur ( !1 #bab1 #cag4 ,lyon1 ,capta91 8 unsuccessful voyage1 #cdh4 ,m4 ,mack5zie1 ,alex&]1 8 voyages ( discov]y 9 ,nor? ,am]ica1 #cjh4 ,mack5zie riv]1 importance ( !1 #ag4 ----1 =e/s & b>r5 l&s ne> !1 #bb4 ----1 influ5ce ( ! s\!rly w9ds on ! temp]ature ( ! valley ( !1 #bg4 ----1 discov]y ( !1 #cjh4 ,maesnik[1 ,nikita1 8 gold-fields 9 ,ea/]n ,sib]ia1 #bad1 #bag1 #bah4 ,magdal5a ,bay1 description (1 #acc4 ,magellan1 ,/rait (1 #djh4 ----1 description ( !1 #djh4 ----1 entrances to1 #dji4 ----1 op5+ into ! ,pacific1 #daa4 ----1 discov]y ( !1 by ,magellan1 #dac4 ----1 ,sir ,j4 ,n>bor\gh's *>t1 #dad4 ----1 ,capta9s ,k+ & ,fitzroy's surveys (1 #dae4 ,mag]1 isl& (1 #abi4 ,magicians ( ! ,samoedes1 #ahj1 #aha4 ,malew9sky1 ,lieut5ant1 8 gold m9e ( ,olg9sk1 #bah4 ,mael/rom1 !1 #abf4 ,mammo?1 fossil rema9s ( !1 9 ,new ,sib]ia1 #bjb4 ,man1 8 difficulty 9 e/abli%+ a foot+ 9 ! ,arctic regions1 #ag4 ----1 h[ he is able to /& ! rigors ( an ,arctic w9t]1 #bh4 ,maps ( ! ,esquimaux1 #cjb4 ,m>i9sk1 /ation (1 built by ! ,russians1 #aif4 ----1 gold m9e (1 #bag4 ,m>%es ( ,newf\ndl&1 #cgg4 ,m>t51 p9e 7,m>tes abietum71 !1 #caf4 ----1 value ( ! fur ( !1 #caf4 ,m>y ,m9turn riv]1 fl[]s (1 #bj4 ,matius*k91 8 sl$ge j\rney ov] ! ,pol> ,sea1 #bda4 ,matos*k9 ,s*>1 visits to1 #adg-aeb4 ,mat!w1 ,/41 isl& (1 inhospitable "* ( !1 #bga4 ,mat!w's ,/raits1 visit$ by ,rosmyssl[1 ,pa*tuss[1 & ,h]r von ,ba]1 #adg-aeb4 ,mc,clintock1 ,lieut4 7n[ ,sir ,leopold71 8 se>* = ,frankl91 #cfj4 ----1 8 voyage 9 ! 8,fox10 & discov]y ( ! fate ( ,frankl9 & 8 companions1 #cfb-cfd4 ,mc,clure1 ,capta91 8 se>* = ,frankl91 #cei-cfa4 ----1 8 discov]y ( ! nor?-we/ passage1 #cfj4 ,me*am1 ,lieut41 8 se>* = ,frankl91 #cfj4 ,m$it]ranean1 dri$ codfi% s5t to !1 #abi4 ,m$us1 enorm\s numb]s (1 9 ! ,pol> _w1 #ei4 ----1 9 ! seas (f ,spitzb]g51 #acc4 ,melville ,bay1 enorm\s glaci]s (1 #di1 #ej4 ,melville ,isl&1 discov]y (1 #cde4 ,m5ts*ik(f1 ,pr9ce1 8 exile & dea? 9 ,sib]ia1 #bje4 ----1 8 son re/or$ to ! honors ( 8 h\se1 #bje4 ,m]cy ,bay1 discov]y (1 #cfa4 ,m]cy1 h>bor (1 #dab4 ,midd5dorff1 ,von1 8 adv5tures 9 ,taimurl&1 #bbj4 ----1 8 visit to ! ,*atanga riv]1 #bba4 ----1 8 j\rney d[n ! ,taimur riv] to ! ,pol> ,sea1 #bba-bbc4 ----1 8 return j\rney & illness1 #bbc-bbe4 ----1 gratitude ( ! ,samoedes1 #bbd4 ----1 8 obs]vations on ! climate & natural productions ( ,taimurl&1 #bbe4 ,midnight1 sil5ce (1 9 ,spitzb]g51 #ace4 ,milk ( ! re9de]1 #cf4 ,m9]als ( ,icel&1 #hh4 ,m9k 7,vison ,am]icanus71 value ( ! fur ( !1 #caf4 ,mis]y1 ,m\nt1 #ade4 ,mollusca1 small1 ( ! ,pol> ,seas1 #ei4 ,moonlight nights 9 ! ,arctic regions1 #cb1 #cc4 ,morse4 ,see ,walrus4 ,morton1 "o ( ,dr4 ,kane's crew1 8 illness1 #cfh4 ----1 8 discov]y ( ,wa%+ton ,l&1 #cfi4 ,mosquitoes ( ,ni%ne-,kolymsk1 #bce4 ,mosses1 d+y1 ( ! 8b>r5 gr\nds10 #ah4 ---- ( ,nova ,zembla1 #aec4 ---- ( ! ,pribil[ ,isl&s1 #bgj1 #bga4 ,m\rawieff1 ,c\nt ,ni*olas1 8 annexation ( ! ,amoor1 #aif4 ,m\se1 field1 ( ,spitzb]g51 #acg4 ,mu*amor1 ! fungus1 us$ z food by ! ,kam*atkans1 #beh4 ,mud-spr+s1 boil+1 ( ,icel&1 #gj4 ,mni*1 ,m>%al1 8 exile to ,sib]ia1 #bje4 ----1 8 return & subsequ5t life1 #bjf4 ,munk1 ,j5s1 8 voyages1 #cdc4 ,munkholm1 ca/le (1 #abd4 ,murd]]s1 treatm5t (1 9 ,russia1 #bjf4 ,muscovy ,company1 its endeavors to discov] a nor?-ea/ passage to ,india1 #ccf4 ,musk-ox 7,ovibos mos*atus71 description ( !1 #dj4 ----1 its =m] & pres5t habitat1 #dj1 #da4 ,musqua%1 musk-rat1 or ondatra 7,fib] zibe?icus71 #cag4 ----1 villages1 #cah4 ----1 modes ( cat*+ ! animal1 #cah4 ----1 value ( ! fur ( !1 #cah4 ,mussels on ! coa/ ( ,gre5l&1 #ei4 ,myvatn1 ducks ( !1 #hd4 ,n4 ,naddodr1 ! ,norwegian pirate1 8 discov]y ( ,icel&1 #hi4 ,nm>1 or boil+ mud-spr+s ( ,icel&1 #gj4 ,n>bor\gh1 ,sir ,john1 8 *>t ( ! ,/rait ( ,magellan1 #dad4 ,n>:al1 or sea-unicorn1 doma9 ( !1 #fj4 ----1 its tusk1 #fa4 ----1 ,gre5l& fi%]y ( !1 #chg4 ,n>ym1 ,ca/rn's visit to1 #age4 ,necromancy ( ! ,samoedes1 #ahj4 ,n]ts*9sk1 treaty (1 #aif4 ----1 crim9als at ! m9es (1 #bjf4 ,ness1 ,ca/rn's visit to ! ,samoede village (1 #agb4 ,newf\ndl&1 discov]$ & coloniz$ by ,gre5l&]s1 #cce4 ----1 its desolate appe>ance1 #cgf4 ----1 its =e/s1 m>%es1 & b>r5s1 #cgf1 #cgg4 ----1 its lakes & ponds1 #cgg1 #cgh4 ----1 its fur-be>+ animals1 #cgh4 ----1 its re9de] & wolves1 #cgh4 ----1 its climate & inhabitants1 #cgh4 ----1 its capital1 ,/4 ,john's1 #cgh1 #cgi4 ----1 hi/ory ( ! isl&1 #cgi4 ----1 tak5 possession ( by ! ,engli%1 #cgi4 ----1 "r ( ! ,fr5* & ,am]icans to fi% on ! banks (1 #cgi4 ----1 ! ,fr5* t[n ( ,plac5tia1 #cgi4 ----1 ! :ole isl& c$$ to ,engl&1 #cgi4 ----1 importance ( ! cod-fi%]ies1 #cgi4 ----1 ! great banks (1 #chj4 ----1 acc\nt ( ! mode ( fi%+1 #chj4 ----1 fogs & /orms1 #chj1 #cha4 ----1 seal-cat*+1 #cha4 ,newspap]s ( ,icel&1 #aaj4 ,night ( a ,pol> w9t]1 ,kane's description (1 #cff4 ,nicolayevsk1 /ation (1 built by ! ,russians1 #aif4 ,noiba1 gold-digg+s on !1 #baf4 ,norfolk ,bay1 position & fur-trade (1 #bgb4 ,nor?-ea/]n r\te to ,india & ,*9a1 ,seba/ian ,cabot's idea (1 #cce4 ----1 attempts to discov] x1 #cce-ccg4 ,nor? ,pole1 ! fir/ attempt to sail across !1 #cdb4 ----1 ! plan fir/ sugge/$ by ,?orne1 #cdb4 ----1 ,scoresby's ne> approa* to !1 #cdd4 ----1 ,p>ry's boat & sl$ge j\rney t[>ds !1 #cej4 ----1 ,dr4 ,hayes's op9ion z to ! practicability ( rea*+ !1 across ,k5n$y ,*annel1 #cgd4 ,nor? ,pole1 op9ions ( o!r sci5tific au?orities z to ! be/ way to rea*1 #cgd4 ,nor?-we/ passage to ,india1 attempts to discov] !1 #cdb1 #cdc4 ----1 ,m',clure's discov]y ( !1 #cfj4 ---- ,company ( ,canada1 =mation & trade ( !1 #cjg4 ----1 its w>s ) ! ,hudson's ,bay ,company1 & f9al amalgamation1 #cjh-caj4 ,nor?umb]l& ,s\nd1 temp]ature (1 #bh4 ,noto!nia1 !1 ( ! ,ant>ctic seas1 #djj4 ,norway1 ! lemm+ ( ! ,dovrefjeld1 91 #db4 ----1 an absolute mon>*y e/abli%$ by ,h>old ,ha>fag] 91 #ij4 ----1 causes ( ! mild climate ( ! coa/ (1 #aba4 ----1 condition ( ! soil1 & ( ! cultivators ( x1 #aba-abc4 ----1 con/itution (1 & education ( ! p1 #aba4 ----1 population (1 #aba4 ----1 coa/ sc5]y (1 #abc4 ----1 ,dron!im & its indu/ry1 #abd4 ----1 birds ( ! coa/ (1 #abd1 #abe4 ----1 ! h]r+ & cod fi%]ies (1 #abe-abh4 ,nova ,zembla1 inve/igations ( ! %ores (1 #adg4 ----1 circumnavigat$ by ,pa*tuss[1 #adg1 #adh4 ----1 meteorological obs]vations ( ,ziwolka1 #aej4 ----1 ! climate (1 #aea4 ----1 ,von ,ba]'s sci5tific j\rney1 #aea4 ----1 sci5tific results ( 8 j\rney1 #aeb1 #aec4 ----1 vegetation (1 #aec4 ----1 solitude & sil5ce (1 #aed4 ----1 r>ity ( insects 91 #aed4 ----1 lemm+s & foxes (1 #aed4 ----1 birds (1 #aed4 ----1 o!r animals (1 #aed1 #aee4 ----1 w9t]+ ( ! ,dut* "u ,b>5tz at1 #cdj4 ,novgorod1 ! ,great1 subdu$ by ! ,cz> ,ivan ,i41 #aia4 ,n[odsik(f1 ,mi*ael1 8 discov]ies1 #bja4 ,nudibran*iata1 enorm\s numb]s (1 9 ! ,pol> seas1 #ei4 ,nullipores on ! coa/ ( ,gre5l&1 #ei4 ,nun1 or ,jilibeamba]tje1 ! ,supreme ,be+ ( ! ,samoedes1 #agi4 ,o4 ,obdorsk1 ,ca/rn's visit to1 #agd4 ----1 description ( ! t[n1 #ahh4 ----1 ! fair at1 #ahi4 ,obi riv]1 importance (1 #ag4 ----1 b>r5 gr\nds ne> !1 #bb4 ----1 its importance to ! ,o/iaks1 #ahe4 ----1 ,ca/rn's j\rney to !1 #agd4 ----1 mis]y caus$ by ! ov]fl[ ( !1 #age4 ----1 inhabitants ( ! banks ( !1 #age4 ,o*ota riv]1 !1 #bdf4 ,o*otsk1 sea (1 rea*$ by a p>ty ( ,cossacks1 #aie4 ----1 description ( ! t[n1 #bdf4 ,olaf ,truggeson1 ,k+ ( ,norway1 s5ds a mission>y to ,icel&1 #ic1 #id4 ,olg9sk1 gold m9e (1 #bah4 ,olonez1 numb] ( be>s kill$ = _! sk9s e ye> 91 #bab4 ,ommaney1 ,capta91 8 se>* = ,frankl91 #ceg4 ----1 8 discov]y ( ,frankl9's fir/ w9t]-qu>t]s1 #ceg4 ,onkilon1 or s$5t>y ,t*ukt*i1 #bfg4 ----1 _! mode ( life1 #bfg4 ,oraefa ,jkul1 height (1 #fi4 ----1 eruptions (1 s9ce ! colonization ( ,icel&1 #ie4 ,orange ,isl&1 visit$ by ,b>5tz1 #cci4 ,orc4 ,see ,grampus4 ,osborne1 ,capta9 ,%]>d1 8 op9ion z to ! me?od ( rea*+ ! ,nor? ,pole1 #cgd4 ,o/iaks1 _! fi%+-gr\nds on ! ,obi1 #age4 ----1 _! summ] huts & mode ( life1 #ahe1 #ahf4 ----1 _! pov]ty1 #ahf4 ----1 _! w9t] huts1 #ahf4 ----1 _! atta*m5t to _! anci5t cu/oms1 #ahf1 #ahg4 ----1 _! clans1 & pr9ces1 or *iefta9s1 #ahg4 ----1 _! excell5ce z ar*]s1 #ahg4 ----1 _! p]sonal appe>ance1 & cu/oms1 #ahh4 ----1 annual tribute levi$ by ,y]mak1 ! robb]1 on !m1 #aid4 ----1 confirm$ by ! ,cz> 9 ! possession ( _! l&s1 #aii4 ,o/ri*1 ,d>w9's1 ( ,patagonia1 #dbj4 ,o/r[noje1 t[n & fair (1 #bfc-bfe4 ,ott]1 ! sea-1 or kalan 7,enhydris lutris71 value ( ! fur ( !1 #baa1 #bab4 ----1 description (1 #baa4 ----1 *ase ( !1 9 ,kam*atka1 #beh4 ---- hunt+ ( ! ,aleuts1 #bgc4 ,ott]1 ! fi%- 7,lutra ,canad5sis71 #cag4 ----1 fur ( !1 #cag4 ,owl1 its favorite food1 #dc4 ----1 its w9t] 9 ! highe/ latitudes1 #dc4 ,ox1 !1 9 ,icel&1 #hj4 ,oy/]1 mo/ nor!rly limit :]e f\nd1 #abf4 ,p4 ,pa*tuss[1 8 circumnavigation ( ! s\!rn isl& ( ,nova ,zembla1 #adh4 ----1 8 second voyage & dea?1 #adi1 #aej4 ,pack-ice1 #df4 ----1 its t5d5cy to sep>ate 9 calm wea!r1 #ed4 ,paik(f1 8 discov]y ( ! ,fox ,isl&s1 #bja4 ,p>rots ( ,patagonia1 #dbj4 ,p>ry1 ,lieut4 ,w4 ,e4 7aft]w>ds ,admiral ,sir71 8 ,arctic voyages1 #cdd4 ----1 8 second voyage1 #cdh4 ----1 8 ?ird voyage1 #cdi4 ----1 ab&onm5t ( ! 8,fury10 #cdi4 ----1 8 boat & sl$ge j\rney t[>ds ! ,pole1 #cej4 ----1 8 subsequ5t c>e]1 #cea4 ,p>ry1 ,m\nt1 discov]y (1 #cfi4 ----1 ,dr4 ,hayes's j\rney to1 #cgc1 #cgd4 ----1 ,m\nta9s1 discov]y ( !1 #djc4 ,ps9a riv]1 scanty population ( !1 #bbj4 ,patagonia1 ,capta9 ,fitzroy's survey (1 #dae4 ----1 ! p (1 #dag1 #dbj4 ----1 diff]5ce ( climate betwe5 ! ea/ & we/1 #dag4 ----1 aridity ( ! ea/ (1 #dag1 #dah4 ----1 l>ge riv]s (1 #dah4 ----1 animals (1 #dah1 #dai4 ----1 introduction ( ! horse1 #dbd4 ----1 fa%ions ( ! ,patagonians1 #dba4 ----1 _! religi\s ideas1 #dba4 ----1 _! sup]/itions & a/ronomical k1 #dbb4 ----1 _! division into tribes1 #dbb4 ----1 _! huts1 #dbb4 ----1 _! trad+ r\tes1 #dbc4 ,patagonians1 _! sy/em ( gov]nm5t1 & great cacique1 #dbc4 ----1 _! arms1 amusem5ts1 & "*1 #dbd4 ,paul1 ,/41 climate ( ! isl&1 #bga4 ----1 *ase ( ! sea-be> on !1 #cac4 ,paul ! ,fir/1 discov]y ( ! ,isl& (1 #bgd4 ,pekan1 or wood%ock 7,m>tes ,canad5sis71 fur ( !1 #caf4 ,p5as1 gulf (1 glaci] at !1 #cid4 ,p5gu91 !1 ( ! ,ant>ctic seas1 #cie4 ----1 its food1 #cig4 ,p5ny1 ,ma/]1 8 se>* = ,frankl91 #ceg1 #ceh4 ,p]uvian curr5t1 influ5ce ( !1 #cid4 ,pet]mann1 ,dr4 ,augu/us1 8 view ( ! r\te to ! ,pole1 #cgd4 ,petrel1 ! giant 7,procell>ia gigantea71 ( ! ,ant>ctic seas1 #cid4 ,petropavlosk1 its population1 #beg4 ----1 unsuccessful attack ( ! ,engli% & ,fr5* on1 #bef4 ,pets*ora riv]1 #adi4 ,philip's bay1 #dji4 ,phipps1 ,capta9 7aft]w>ds ,"l ,mulgrave71 8 voyage to discov] ! nor?-we/ passage1 #cdd4 ,pipit 7,an?us prat5sis71 !1 ( ,icel&1 #ha4 ,pla*9a1 ,ca/rn's resid5ce & /udy at1 #agf4 ,plov] isl&1 discov]y (1 #cfj4 ,plov]s ( ,icel&1 #ha4 ,pol&1 ! elk (1 #ci1 #dj4 ,pole1 ,nor?1 probable condition ( ! l& 7if any7 at !1 #bg4 ,pop[1 ,f$or1 8 discov]y ( ! gold fields ( ,ea/]n ,sib]ia1 #bad4 ,population ( ,norway1 #abb4 ,potato1 cultivation (1 9 ,norway1 #abd4 ,pribil[ ,isl&s1 climate (1 #bga4 ----1 sea-lions & guillemots (1 #bga4 ----1 *ase ( ! sea-be>1 #bgd4 ,pronts*is*ts*ew1 8 fruitless endeavors to d\ble ! capes ( ,taimurl&1 #bjj4 ----1 dea? ( him & 8 wife1 #bj4 ,prussia1 ,ea/1 ! elk (1 #ci1 #dj4 ,pt>migan 7,lagopus albus71 its resid5ce 9 ! highe/ latitudes 9 w9t]1 #dc4 ---- ( ,spitzb]g51 #acg4 ----1 its summ] visits to ,taimurl&1 #bbg4 ---- 9 ! ,tundra 9 summ]1 #ai4 ,pt]opods1 food = ! ,gre5l& :ale1 #fj4 ,puff9s ( ,lovunn5 isl&1 #abe4 ----1 mode ( cat*+ !m1 #abe4 ,punta ,ar5as1 colony ( ,g]mans at1 #daf4 ,pu/os]sk1 visit ( ,ca/rn to1 #aga1 #agc4 ,pym1 ,lieut41 8 sl$ge j\rney ( se>* = ,frankl91 #cfj4 ,r4 ,racoon 7,procyon lotor71 #cae1 #cgh4 ----1 value & trade 9 ! sk9s ( !1 #caf4 ,rae1 ,dr41 8 se>* = ,sir ,john ,ri*>dson1 #ceg4 ----1 8 discov]ies 9 ! ,arctic seas1 #ceg4 ----1 8 discov]y ( ! fate ( ,frankl9 & 8 crew1 #cfb4 ,raipass1 copp] m9es at1 #abh4 ,ranunculus1 sn[ 7,ranunculus nivalis71 ( ,nova ,zembla1 #aec4 ,rat1 musk-4 ,see ,musqua%4 ,rav5s ( ,icel&1 #hd4 ----1 9 ,sc&9avian my?ology1 #hd1 #he4 ----1 sup]/itions ( ! ,icel&]s respect+ !1 #he4 ,razor-bill1 its ne/s on ! mo/ nor!rn rocks1 #fg4 ,r$-knife ,indians1 _! hunt+-gr\nds1 #cbg4 ,r$-pole1 !1 ( ,spitzb]g51 #acg4 ,r$ riv] colony1 de/ruction ( !1 #cjh4 ,r$ %>ks ( ,icel&1 #ha4 ,re9de]1 its summ] & w9t] qu>t]s 9 ! ,arctic regions1 #ai4 ----1 food f\nd by !1 9 ,spitzb]g51 #bg4 ----1 its importance to man 9 ! nor!rn regions1 #cd4 ----1 its =mation & adaptation to ! circum/ances 9 :i* x is plac$1 #cd4 ----1 clatt]+ s\nd ( its feet1 #cd4 ----1 its antl]s1 #cd4 ----1 its "y1 #ce4 ----1 its milk1 #cf4 ----1 its food & olfactory p[]s1 #cf4 ----1 ! c>ib\ ( ,nor? ,am]ica1 #cf4 ----1 its geographical range 9 ! ,old & ,new ,_w1 #cf4 ----1 its love ( a cold climate1 #cf4 ----1 its s]vices to man1 #cg4 ----1 its enemies1 & disord]s to :i* x is liable1 #cg1 #ch4 ----1 a nuisance 9 ,icel&1 #ha4 ---- ( ,spitzb]g51 #acg4 ----1 !1 p5s ( ! ,lapps1 #afj4 ----1 milk+ !1 #afj4 ----1 !1 sl$ges ( ! ,lapps1 #afa4 ----1 attempt made to acclimatize !1 9 ,scotl&1 #afb4 ----1 ravages ( wolves 9 h]ds (1 #afd4 ----1 ri* ,lapp own]s ( h]ds (1 #afd4 ----1 ,lapp mode ( kill+ !1 #afd4 ----1 its two annual migrations1 #bcg4 ---- hunts ( ! ,jukahires ( ! ,aniuj1 #bcg1 #bch4 ---- races ( ! ,t*ukt*i1 #bff4 ---- hunt+ ( ! ,esquimaux1 #bie4 ----1 ! ,kut*9 ,indian mode ( p\nd+ !1 #ccc4 ----1 *ase ( !1 9 ,gre5l&1 #chh4 ,r5ssela] bay1 temp]ature (1 9 mid-w9t]1 #ai1 #bj4 ----1 ,kane's w9t]s at1 #cfe1 #cfi4 ,resan[1 ,jak91 8 gold-fields1 #bad4 8,rescue10 wreck ( !1 #ddj4 ,reykjahlid1 boil+ mud-caldrons (1 #gj4 ,reykjavik1 mean annual temp]ature (1 #gh4 ----1 ! pres5t capital ( ,icel&1 #ia4 ----1 acc\nt (1 #ii1 #ajj4 ----1 ! annual fair (1 #ajj4 ----1 sal>y ( ! bi%op (1 #ajf4 ----1 s*ools & libr>y (1 #ajh1 #aji4 ----1 ! ,icel&ic ,lit]>y ,society1 #aaj4 ,rh9oc]os rema9s f\nd on ! coa/ ( ,nor!rn ,sib]ia1 #bjc4 ,ri*>dson1 ,dr4 7aft]w>ds ,sir ,john71 8 ,arctic l& voyages1 #cdf1 #cdi4 ----1 dreadful suff]+s ( ! p>ty1 #cdf1 #cdg4 ----1 8 se>* = ,sir ,john ,frankl91 #cef4 ,riv]s dis*>g+ _! wat]s into ! ,pol> ocean1 #ag4 ---- ( ,icel&1 #gh4 ,rocky ,m\nta9s1 ! wild %eep ( !1 #da4 ,roebuck1 ne> ,lake ,baikal1 #dj4 ,rorquals1 or f9-:ales1 habitat & size ( !1 #fj4 ----1 _! food1 #fj4 ,rosmyssl[1 8 inve/igations ( ! %ores ( ,nova ,zembla1 #adg4 ,ross1 ,capt4 7aft]w>ds ,sir ,john71 ,arctic voyages (1 #cdd4 ,ross1 ,sir ,john1 8 second j\rney1 #cea4 ----1 8 five ye>s 9 ! ,arctic ,ocean1 #cea-ced4 ----1 8 return home & honors1 #ced4 ----1 ,sir ,james1 8 ,arctic voyages1 #cea4 ----1 8 se>* = ,frankl91 #ceg4 ----1 8 discov]ies 9 ! ,ant>ctic ,ocean1 #djb4 ----1 collision betwe5 8 %ips1 ! 8,erebus0 & 8,t]ror10 #dje1 #djf4 ----1 8 dang] betwe5 two iceb]gs1 #djf4 ,rum1 effects (1 on an ,icel& cl]gyman1 #aja4 ,rup]t's ,l&1 held by ! ,hudson's ,bay ,company1 #caj4 ,russia1 "* ( ! conif] (1 #bc1 #bd4 ----1 ! elk ( ! woods ( ! nor!rn p>ts (1 #dj4 ----1 conque/ (1 by ! ,t>t>s "u ,baaty ,khan1 #aia4 ----1 lib]at$ f ! ,t>t> yoke by ,ivan ,i41 #aia4 ----1 advances (1 9 ,sib]ia1 #aie4 ----1 annexes ! c\ntry ( ! ,amoor1 #aif4 ----1 condition ( ! natives "u ! yoke (1 #aig1 #aih4 ----1 exiles f1 to ,sib]ia1 #bjd-bjf4 ----1 value ( ! sk9s annually import$ by1 #bab1 #bac4 ----1 life & dwell+s 9 ,ni%ne-,kolymsk1 #bcf4 ----1 fir/ treaty ( comm]ce betwe5 ,engl& &1 #ccf4 ----1 ,company1 pat5t grant$ to !1 to fi% (f ,gre5l&1 #ach4 ,russian ,fur ,company1 acc\nt ( !1 & its trade1 #bgb4 ,s4 ,sab9e1 ,m\nt1 discov]y (1 #djb4 ,sable1 value ( !1 to ! ,cossack conqu]ors ( ,sib]ia1 #aie4 ----1 importance & beauty ( ! fur ( !1 #bji4 ----1 hunt+1 #baj4 ,sabr9a ,l&1 discov]y (1 #dja1 #djb4 ,sagam51 or hi/orians1 ( ,icel&1 #id4 ,sajan ,m\nta9s1 ,ca/rn's j\rney ov] !1 #agg4 ,salmon1 ,alp9e 7,salmo alp9us71 imm5se numb]s (1 9 ,nova ,zembla1 #aee4 ,salmon1 %oals (1 9 ! riv]s ( ! ,arctic regions1 #ai4 ----1 abundance (1 9 ,icel&1 #hg4 ----1 ( ! ,sea ( ,o*otsk1 #bdf1 #bdg4 ----1 abundance (1 9 ,kam*atka1 #bee4 ,samoedes1 ,european1 ,ca/rn's j\rney among !1 #agj4 ----1 _! drunk5ness1 #aga4 ----1 _! impati5ce ( conf9em5t1 #aga-agc4 ----1 _! b>b>ism1 #agi4 ----1 _! ,supreme ,be+1 ,num1 or ,jilibeamba]tje1 #agi4 ----1 _! rec\rse to incantations1 #ahj4 ----1 _! idols1 #ahj1 #aha4 ----1 _! rev]5ce paid to ! dead1 #aha4 ----1 _! mode ( tak+ an oa?1 #ahb4 ----1 _! p]sonal appe>ance & habits1 #ahb4 ----1 _! weal? 9 re9de]1 #ahc1 #ahd4 ----1 _! entire numb] 9 ,europe & ,asia1 #ahd4 ----1 _! traditions ( anci5t h]oes1 #ahd4 ----1 confirm$ by ! ,cz> 9 _! possessions1 #aii4 ----1 ! companions ( ,von ,midd5dorff on 8 j\rney1 #bba1 #bbe4 ,smund ,frode1 8 ,icel&ic works1 #id4 ,s&-bee 7,&r5a7 ( ,nova ,zembla1 #aed4 ,s&-re$ bread us$ 9 ,icel&1 #gi4 ,s>mi5to1 ,p$ro1 8 voyage1 #dad4 ,saw9a riv]1 #adh4 ,saxifragas1 !1 ( ! treeless zone1 #bj4 ,scalds1 or b>ds1 ( ,icel&1 #id4 ,sc&9avia1 "* ( ! conif] (1 #bb4 ,s*alaur[1 8 j\rneys on ! coa/ ( ,sib]ia1 #bja4 ,s*>o/91 8 resid5ce at ,spitzb]g51 #adb4 ,s*elagskoi1 ,cape1 r\nd$ by ,c\nt ,mi*ael ,/adu*91 #aig4 ----1 rea*$ by ,s*alaur[1 #bja4 ,scoresby1 ,dr41 8 visit to ,spitzb]g51 #acb4 ----1 ,capta91 8 ne> approa* to ! ,nor? ,pole1 #cdd4 ----1 8 voyage to ,gre5l&1 #che1 #chf4 ,scotia1 ,nova1 discov]$ & coloniz$ by ,gre5l&]s1 #cce4 ,scurvy 9 ,spitzb]g51 #adj-adb4 ----1 pres]vative aga9/1 #ada4 ----1 ,lapp mode ( prev5t+ !1 #aff4 ,sea1 influ5ce ( !1 on ! sev]ity ( ! ,arctic w9t]1 #bg4 ,sea1 ,ant>ctic1 comp>$ ) ! ,arctic regions1 #cia4 ----1 abs5ce ( vegetation 9 !1 #cia4 ----1 causes ( ! inf]iority ( ! ,ant>ctic climate1 #cia1 #cib4 ----1 imm5sity ( ! iceb]gs ( !1 #cib4 ----1 ! ,p]uvian curr5t1 #cid4 ----1 birds ( ! coa/s1 #cid4 ----1 cetaceans1 #cig-cii4 ----1 ,au/ral fi%es1 #djj4 ----1 voyages ( discov]y1 #dja4 ----1 /orms & pack-ice1 #djd et seq4 ,seas1 ,arctic1 dang]s peculi> to !1 #de4 ----1 float+ masses ( ice1 #de1 #df4 ----1 ice-bl9k1 #ed4 ----1 summ] fogs1 #ed4 ----1 cle>ness ( ! atmosph]e & app>5t ne>ness ( objects1 #ee4 ----1 ph5om5a ( reflection & refraction ( ! atmosph]e1 #ee4 ----1 causes :i* prev5t ! accumulation ( ,pol> ice1 #ee-eg4 ----1 ! animals ( !1 #dj1 #dc1 #dd1 #ei4 ----1 ,russian discov]ies (f ! ,sib]ian coa/1 #bja et seq4 ----1 ,von ,midd5dorff's j\rney d[n ! ,taimur riv] to ! ,pol> sea1 #bba4 ----1 ,wrangell's nights on ! ,pol> sea1 #bci4 ----1 8 obs]vations on ! ,pol> sea1 #bdj4 ----1 ,matius*k9's sl$ge j\rney1 #bda4 ----1 voyages ( ! ,engli% & ,dut*1 #cce et seq4 ,sea-be> ( ,b]+'s sea1 #fb4 ,sea-eagles ( ! coa/ ( ,norway1 #abe4 ,sea-elephant ( ! ,ant>ctic ,ocean4 #cih1 #cii4 ,sea-gulls ( ! coa/ ( ,norway1 #abd1 #abe4 ,sea-lion ( ,b]+ sea1 #fb4 ---- ( ! ,pribil[ ,isl&s1 #bga4 ,seal-fi%+ at ,spitzb]g51 #adb4 ---- ( ,nova ,zembla1 #aee4 ---- hunts ( ! ,esquimaux1 #bie1 #bif4 ---- cat*+ at ,newf\ndl&1 #cha4 ---- hunt+ on ! coa/s ( ,gre5l&1 #chd1 #ddf4 ,seals1 !1 ( ! ,pol> seas1 #fb4 ----1 _! uses to man1 #fb1 #ddf4 ----1 ! ,ant>ctic1 #cii1 #djj4 ----1 _! igloos1 #ddi4 ,sea-ott]1 value ( ! sk9 & =m] numb]s ( !1 #bja1 #bjb4 ,s$g] riv]1 romantic sc5]y ( !1 #daj4 ,semple1 ,gov]nor1 murd] (1 #cjh4 ,s]tul>ians on ! coa/s ( ,gre5l&1 #ei4 ,s]vice-trees 9 ! ,arctic regions1 #bd4 ,%>k1 bask+1 on ! nor!rn coa/s ( ,icel&1 #hg4 ----1 its uses to ! isl&]s1 #hg4 ----1 oil manufactur$ f its liv]1 #hg4 ----1 ! nor!rn 7,scymnus microcephalus71 abundance (1 (f ,spitzb]g51 #acg4 ----1 fi%]y (1 on ! coa/ ( ,gre5l&1 #chg4 ,%eep1 wild 7,ovis montana71 ( ! ,rocky ,m\nta9s1 description ( !1 #da4 ----1 !1 ( ,icel&1 & _! enemies1 #hj4 ----1 mode ( %eep-%e>+1 #hj4 ,%etl& ,isl&s1 ,new1 acc\nt ( !1 #cib1 #cic4 ,%rimps (f ,spitzb]g51 #acc4 ,sib]ia1 ext5t ( ! treeless zone (1 #bb4 ----1 "* ( ! conif] (1 #bc1 #bd4 ----1 ! elk (1 #ci4 ----1 ! roebuck & r$ de] (1 #dj4 ----1 ! argali1 or wild %eep (1 #da4 ----1 ! :ite dolph9 9 ! riv]s (1 #fa4 ----1 conque/ (1 by ! ,cossacks1 = ! ,russians1 #aic1 #aid4 ----1 f9al conque/ (1 by ! ,russians1 & f\ndation ( ,tobolsk1 #aie et seq4 ----1 condition ( ! natives (1 "u ! dom9ion ( ,russia1 #aig1 #aih4 ----1 sci5tific exp$itions s5t to1 #bjj et seq4 ----1 its pa/ ages1 #bjc4 ----1 its ext5t & capabilities1 #bjd4 ----1 ! exiles s5t !re1 #bjd-bjf4 ----1 _! condition !re1 #bjf4 ----1 condition ( ! ,we/ ,sib]ian peasants1 #bjg1 #bjh4 ----1 res\rces ( ! c\ntry1 #bjh4 ----1 extremes ( heat & cold1 #bjh4 ----1 fur-be>+ animals1 #bji et seq4 ----1 ! gold-fields ( ,ea/]n1 & ! m9]s1 #bad-baf4 ----1 value ( ! produce ( "s ( ! m9es1 #bag1 #bah4 ----1 entire value ( ! produce ( gold 9 #ahef & #ahfj1 #bah4 ----1 luxury & extravagance caus$ by ! weal?y gold speculators1 #bah1 #bai4 ----1 ! gold ( ! ,ural1 #bai4 ----1 ,new1 lemm+s (1 #bg4 ----1 discov]y ( ! isl&s (1 #bja1 #bjb4 ----1 fossil ivory (1 #bjb4 ,sibir1 ! capital ( ! ,t>t>s 9 ,sib]ia1 #aib4 ----1 tak5 by ,y]mak1 ! robb]1 = ! ,cz>1 #aid4 ,simpson1 ,mr4 ,?omas1 8 ,arctic l& voyage1 #cee4 ----1 8 discov]ies1 #cef4 ----1 assass9at$1 #cef4 ,sir[atsky1 8 discov]y ( ! ,ar*ipelago ( ,new ,sib]ia1 #bjc4 ,skalholt1 ! anci5t capital ( ,icel&1 acc\nt (1 #ih4 ----1 its pres5t condition1 #ii4 ----1 its mead[ l&s & sc5]y1 #ii4 ,skapt> jkul1 #fi4 ----1 ! great eruption (1 9 #aghc1 #ie4 ,skates ( ,lapps1 #afa4 ,skeid>a1 ,mr4 ,holl&'s j\rney across !1 #aaa1 #aab4 ,skjalf&afljot riv] 9 ,icel&1 #gh4 ,skogslapp>1 or ,=e/ ,lapps1 acc\nt ( !1 #aff4 ,sl$ges ( ! ,lapps1 #afa4 ----1 ! sacr$ sl$ge1 ,hah5gau1 ( ! ,samoedes1 #ahj4 ,smi?'s ,s\nd1 temp]ature (1 #bg4 ----1 iceb]gs =m$ 91 #dh4 ----1 discov]y ( ! entrance to1 #cdc1 #cfe4 8,smoke1 valley (10 9 ,icel&1 #gj4 ,snorri ,/urleson1 ! ,h]odotus ( ! ,nor?1 acc\nt ( him & 8 8,heimskr+la10 #id1 #ie4 ,sn[-bunt+s ( ! 8b>r5 gr\nds10 #ah4 ,sn[1 its protection ( ! vegetation ( ! ,arctic regions1 #ai4 ----1 w>m? caus$ by1 #ai4 ----1 no l& yet f\nd cov]$ to ! wat]'s edge ) et]nal sn[1 #bg4 ----1 am\nt ( ! fall (1 9 ,taimurl&1 #bbe1 #bbf4 ----1 probable dim9ution ( ! fall (1 advanc+ t[>ds ! pole1 #bbf4 ----1 its protection aga9/ cold1 #bbf4 ,socialism among ! ,dog-rib ,indians1 #cbi4 ,solfat>as ( ,icel& & ,sicily comp>$1 #hh4 ,solovetskoi1 conv5t (1 #ahj4 ,sorc]y ( ! ,lapl&]s1 #aeh4 ----1 ( ! ,samoedes1 #ahj4 ,spa91 salt$ cod-fi% import$ into1 #abi4 ,spasy1 produce ( ! gold m9e (1 #bah4 ,spirits1 invisible1 ( ! ,samoedes1 #ahj1 #aha4 ,spitzb]g51 fl[]s (1 #bj4 ----1 va/ fields ( ice 9 ! plateau (1 #bg4 ----1 food ( ! re9de] (1 #bg4 ----1 pro(s ( a =m] mild] climate 91 #bi1 #cj4 ----1 birds (1 #dc1 #dd4 ----1 app>5t ne>ness ( objects at1 9 cle> wea!r1 #ed4 ----1 ! walrus ( ! coa/ (1 #fd4 ----1 description ( ! ar*ipelago (1 #aca1 #acb4 ----1 ! we/ coa/1 #acb4 ----1 ,scoresby's asc5t ( a m\nta91 & excursion along ! coa/1 #acb1 #acc4 ----1 ,magdal5a bay1 #acc-acf4 ----1 ice-cliffs & avalan*es ( ice1 #ace4 ----1 sci5tific explor+ exp$itions s5t to1 #acf4 ----1 flora & fauna (1 #acf1 #acg4 ----1 fi%]ies (1 #aci4 ----1 coal & drift-wood (1 #acg1 #ach4 ----1 hi/ory (1 #ach4 ----1 attempts made to colonize x1 #aci-ada4 ----1 ,russian hunt]s' mode ( w9t]+ at1 #adb4 ----1 walrus & seal-fi%+ at1 #adb4 ----1 discov]y (1 #cdj4 ,sp\t1 !1 ( ,newf\ndl&1 #cgf4 ,spr+s1 hot1 ( ,icel&1 #gj4 ----1 ! ,geysir1 #ga4 ----1 ! ,/rokkr1 #gb4 ,spruce fir ( ! ,hudson's ,bay t]ritory1 #bd4 ,squirrel1 value ( ! fur ( !1 #bab4 ,/adolski ,isl&1 visit ( ,pa*tuss[ to1 #adh4 ,/adu*91 ,c\nt ,mi*ael1 8 f\ndation ( ! t[n ( ,ni%nei-,kolymsk1 #aif1 #aig4 ---- navigates ! sea ea/w>d ( ,cape ,s*elagskoi1 #aig4 ,/aw95 riv]1 #adh4 ,/ell]1 ,g4 ,w41 notice ( him1 #bdh4 ----1 8 sci5tific j\rney to ,kam*atka1 #bdh4 ----1 ill-treat$ by ,b]+1 #bej4 ----1 8 suff]+s on ,b]+'s ,isl&1 #bea4 ----1 dea? ( 8 comm&]1 ,b]+1 #beb4 ----1 8 return to ,kam*atka1 #beb4 ----1 p]secut$ by ! ,sib]ian au?orities1 #bec4 ----1 8 dea?1 #bec4 ,/ockfi% ( ,icel&1 #hg4 ,/orms on ! ,:ite ,sea1 #afi4 ---- ( ! ,tundras1 #agb1 #agc4 ---- ( ! ,arctic zone1 #bbe1 #bbf4 ---- (f ,newf\ndl&1 #cha4 ---- 9 ! ,ant>ctic ocean1 #djd1 #dje4 ----1 ! williwaws1 or hurricane squalls1 ( ! ,/rait ( ,magellan1 #dab4 ,/rogon(f1 f\ndation ( ! ,russian family (1 #aib1 #aic4 ,/rokkr1 description ( !1 #gb4 ,/rongb[ ,indians ( ! ,rocky ,m\nta9s1 !1 #cbg4 ,sukk]topp51 se5 by ,davis1 #ccg4 ,sulphur ( ,icel&1 #hh4 ----1 comp>$ ) t ( ,sicily1 #hh4 ,summ]1 ! p]petual daylight (1 #cf4 ----1 fogs (1 #ed4 ---- 9 ,taimurl&1 #bbe4 ,sun1 ! midnight1 effect (1 on iceb]gs1 #ej-eb4 ,sunset1 magnific5ce ( a1 #cb4 ,surgut1 ,ca/rn's visit to1 #age4 ,surts-hellir1 or caves ( ,surtur1 description (1 #gg4 ,suslik1 !1 ( ,sib]ia1 #bab4 ----1 value ( its fur1 #bab4 ,sviato9oss1 ,cape1 fossil ivory at1 #bjb4 ,sviatoi-noss1 d\bl$ by ! ,russians1 #bjj4 ,swans ( ,icel&1 #ha1 #hd4 ,t4 ,tab91 ! imag9>y ,cape1 ( ! ,dut* navigators1 #cci4 ,tadibes1 or sorc]]s ( ! ,samoedes1 #ahj4 ----1 _! dress & incantations1 #ahj4 ,tagilsk1 ,ni%ne1 ! gold-produc+ t[n (1 #bai4 ,taiga1 melan*oly "* ( !1 #bcj4 ----1 gold-fields ( !1 #bac4 ,taimur ,lake1 visit$ by ,lieut4 ,laptew1 #bjj4 ----1 /orm on !1 #bbc4 ,taimur riv]1 visit$ by ,lieut4 ,laptew1 #bjj4 ----1 ,von ,midd5dorff's j\rney to !1 #bba-bbc4 ,taimurl&1 endeavors ( ,pronts*is*ts*ew to d\ble ! capes (1 #bjj4 ----1 ,midd5dorff's adv5tures 91 #bbj1 #bba4 ----1 8 obs]vations on ! climate & natural productions (1 #bbe4 ----1 am\nt ( ! fall ( sn[ 91 #bbe1 #bbf4 ,tana riv]1 discov]y ( !1 by ,jelissei ,busa1 #aie4 ,t>n ,m\nt1 ,d>w9's asc5t (1 #daa4 ,t>t>s1 _! subjection ( ! ,russians1 #aia4 ---- driv5 out by ,ivan ,i41 #aia4 ---- p]man5tly ov]?r[n by ,ivan ,,ii41 #aib4 ,tattoo+1 ,cree ,indian mode (1 #cbc4 ,t*5doma1 !1 visit$ by ,jelissei ,busa1 #aie4 ,t*ukt*i1 b>r5 gr\nds 9 ! l& ( !1 #ba1 #bb4 ----1 ! l& ( !1 #bfb4 ----1 pipes (1 #bfd4 ----1 _! %ort summ]1 #bfb4 ----1 _! indep5d5ce & comm]cial ent]prise1 #bfc4 ---- ladies1 ,matius*k9's visit to "s1 #bfe4 ----1 amusem5ts ( ! p1 #bff4 ----1 ! w&]+ & s$5t>y1 #bfg4 ----1 _! mode ( life1 #bfg4 ----1 population ( ! l& ( !1 #bfg4 ,tea-p>ties at ,ni%ne-,kolymsk1 #bch4 ,temp]ature ( ,r5ssela] bay 9 mid-w9t]1 #ai1 #bj4 ----1 effect ( ! sea on1 ( ! ,arctic regions1 #bg4 ,temp]ature1 influ5ce ( ! w9ds on1 #bg4 ----1 =m] mild]1 ( ! ,arctic regions1 #bi4 ----1 probable causes ( ! *anges 9 ! ,arctic climate1 #bi4 ----1 ! l[e/ ev] felt by man1 #bh4 ----1 h[ man is enabl$ to be> extraord9>y l[1 #bh4 ---- ( ,icel& at diff]5t places1 #gh4 ,t5nyson's ,monum5t1 ,dr4 ,kane's description (1 #cfg4 ,t]ror1 ,m\nt1 #djc4 ,t]ski ,lapps1 ,ca/rn's attempt$ j\rney to !1 #agj4 ,?angbr&1 ,*ri/ian mission>y to ,icel&1 #ic1 #id4 ,?+valla1 pla9 (1 #gf4 ----1 site ( ! anci5t ,icel&ic ,al?+ at1 #ia1 #ib4 ----1 pa/or (1 #ajd4 ----1 *ur* (1 #aje4 ,?+valla ,lake1 9 ,icel&1 #ib4 ,?iorsa riv]1 9 ,icel&1 #gh4 ,?orlakson1 ,jon1 ! poet ( ,icel&1 acc\nt ( him & 8 works1 #ajg4 ,?orne1 ,rob]t1 8 sugge/ion = sail+ across ! ,nor? ,pole1 #cdb4 ,?orwald ! travell]1 ! fir/ ,*ri/ian ,icel&]1 8 c>e]1 #ib1 #ic4 ,tides1 effect ( !1 9 prev5t+ ! accumulation ( ,pol> ice1 #eg4 ,t9n ,indians1 defeat$ by ! ,crees1 #cai4 ----1 _! retaliation1 #cbj4 ----1 _! w>s ) ! ,blackfeet1 #cbj4 ----1 _! wigwams1 or t5ts1 #cbd4 ----1 v>i\s tribes ( !1 & _! range1 #cbg4 ----1 _! appe>ance1 mann]s1 & cu/oms1 #cbg-cbi4 ----1 improvem5ts 9 _! condition1 #cbi1 #ccj4 ----1 _! wives & *ildr51 #ccj4 ----1 _! cruelty to ! ag$1 #ccj4 ,tjum51 ! fir/ settlem5t ( ,russians 9 ,sib]ia1 #aie4 ----1 ,/ell]'s grave at1 #bec4 ,tobacco1 fondness ( ! ,lapps =1 #afe1 #afg4 ----1 eag]ness ( ! wild tribes ( ! ,nor? =1 #bfd4 ,tobolsk1 battle (1 #aic1 #aie4 ----1 f\ndation ( ! city (1 #aie4 ----1 condition ( ! s\!rn "p1 #bjg1 #bjh4 ,tol/oi ,ness1 ,ca/rn's visit to1 #agg4 ,tol/y*1 ,adrian1 8 discov]ies1 #bja4 ,tomsk1 crim9als (1 #bjf1 #bjg4 ,tornea1 re9de] gloves (1 #cg4 ,tor/e9son ,jon1 ! m>tyr ( ! ,we/man ,isl&s1 #aah4 ,tookoolito1 #ddb1 #dff4 ,tra9-oil ( ,troms1 #abh4 ,transbaikalia1 ,ca/rn's visit to1 #agg4 ,travell+ 9 ,icel&1 #aaj1 #aaa4 ,treeless zone ( ,europe1 ,asia1 & ,am]ica1 #ah-bb4 ,treur5b]g bay1 de] (1 #acg4 ,trlladyngja1 eruptions (1 s9ce ! colonization ( ,icel&1 #ie4 ,troms1 cod-fi%]y & cod-liv] oil (1 #abh4 ----1 description ( ! t[n & isl&1 #abh4 ,ts*irig[1 8 voyages1 #bja4 ,tucutuco 7,ct5omys ,magellanica71 !1 ( ,patagonia1 #dai4 ,tundri1 or b>r5 gr\nds ( ! ,arctic regions1 #ah1 #ai4 ---- ( ! ,european ,samoedes1 #aga4 ,tundri1 /orms ( ! ,tundras1 #agb4 ,tung-ow]1 or hot spr+ at ,reikholt1 9 ,icel&1 #gj4 ,tungusi1 !1 _! relation%ip to ! ,mant*\1 #bdd4 ----1 _! conque/s & f9al subjugation by ! ,russians1 #bdd4 ----1 _! intellectual developm5t1 #bdd4 ----1 _! tribes & population1 #bdd4 ----1 _! wret*$ness1 #bdd4 ----1 _! mann]s & cu/oms1 #bde4 ,tunguska riv]1 gold-fields ( ! ,upp]1 #bad4 ,turkey-buzz>d1 !1 ( ,patagonia1 #dai4 ,turu*ansk1 ,ca/rn's visits to1 #agf1 #agg4 ,tyndall glaci]1 enorm\s size (1 #ej4 ,u4 ,uffliot ! ,wise1 8 fir/ code ( laws 9 ,icel&1 #ia4 ,unalas*ka1 climate (1 #bfi4 ----1 vegetation (1 #bfi1 #bgj4 ----1 p (1 #bgc4 ,union1 ,cape1 ,dr4 ,hayes's sl$ge voyage to1 #cgc1 #cgd4 ,unit$ ,/ates1 "r (1 to fi% on ! banks ( ,newf\ndl&1 #cgi4 ,ural ,m\nta9s1 ,ca/rn's passage ( !1 #agd4 ----1 fir/ discov]y ( gold 9 !1 #bad4 ----1 quantity ( gold f\nd 9 !1 #bai4 ,u/sylmsk1 ,ca/rn's visit to1 & ill-treatm5t at1 #agc1 #agd4 ,utzjoki1 ! pa/or (1 #afi4 ,uusa riv]1 ,ca/rn's j\rney up !1 #agd4 ,v4 ,vaage1 cod-fi%]y (1 #abf4 ----1 anci5t importance (1 #abf4 ,vanc\v]'s ,isl&1 plac$ "u ! managem5t ( ! ,hudson's ,bay ,company1 #caj4 ,vapor ba?s ( ! ,cree ,indians1 #cbd4 ,vre1 !1 ( ,norway1 #abd4 ,vegetation1 protection af=d$ by sn[ to1 #ai4 ----1 di/9ctive *>act]s ( ! ,arctic =e/s1 #bb-bd4 ---- ( ! 8b>r5 gr\nds10 #ah1 #ba1 #bb4 ----1 l5g? ( "t necess>y = ! =mation ( ev5 small /ems ( trees 9 ! ,arctic regions1 #be4 ----1 h>mless "* ( ! ,arctic plants1 #be4 ----1 no l& yet discov]$ 9 :i* x is entirely subdu$ by w9t]1 #bg4 ----1 =m]1 ( ! nor!rn regions ( ! globe1 #bi4 ---- ( ,spitzb]g51 #acf4 ---- ( ,nova ,zembla1 #aeb4 ---- ( ,taimurl&1 #bbf4 ---- ( ,kam*atka1 #bed4 ---- ( ! ,bay ( ,awats*a1 #bef4 ---- ( ! ,pribil[ ,isl&s1 #bga4 ---- ( ,newf\ndl&1 #cgf4 ---- ( ,gre5l&1 #chh4 ----1 abs5ce (1 9 ! ,ant>ctic regions1 #cia4 ---- ( ,port ,fam9e1 #daj4 ,v]*nei ,o/rog1 9 ,kam*atka1 built1 #aih4 ,v]azzani1 8 voyages1 #cce4 ,ve/fjord1 cod-fi%]y ( !1 #abf4 ,victoria ,l&1 discov]y (1 #djb4 ,videy1 eid]-ducks (1 #ha1 #hb4 ,vigr1 eid]-ducks (1 #hc4 ----1 ,mr4 ,%eph]d's visit to1 #hc1 #hd4 ,vik+s1 _! c\rage & discov]ies1 #hi4 ,virg9s1 ,cape1 #dji4 ,vogelsang1 de] (1 #acg4 ,volcanic eruptions 9 ,icel& s9ce its colonization1 #ie4 ,volcanoes giv+ bir? to ,icel&1 #fh4 ----1 ^? n[ exi/+ !re1 #fi4 ----1 ! ,esk1 on ,jan ,mey51 #adf4 ----1 ( ,kam*atka1 #bef4 ----1 eruption ( ,m\nt ,erebus1 #djc4 ,vole1 field 7,arvicola conomus71 indig5\s to ,icel&1 #hj4 ,voyageur1 !1 ( ,nor? ,am]ica1 #cjd4 ----1 8 life & "*1 #cjd1 #cje4 ,w4 ,walrus1 or morse 7,tri*e*us rosm>us71 description ( !1 #fb-fd4 ----1 its affectionate temp]1 #fd4 ----1 its p>5tal love1 #fd4 ----1 its *ief resorts & food1 #fd4 ---- fi%+ at ,spitzb]g51 #add4 ---- hunt$ on ,be> ,isl&1 #add4 ---- ( ,nova ,zembla1 #aee4 ---- hunt+ on ! coa/ ( ,aliaska1 #bge4 ----1 pieces ( sk9 (1 a m$ium ( ex*ange1 #bgf4 ----1 ,esquimaux mode ( hunt+ x1 #bih4 ,wa%+ton ,l&1 discov]y (1 #cfi4 ----1 ,dr4 ,hayes's j\rney to1 #cgc4 ,wassiljew1 8 visit to ! ,l5a1 #aie4 ,waygatz1 isl& (1 ! sacr$ isl& ( ! ,samoedes #ahj4 ,weasel1 ! ,sib]ian 7,viv]ra ,sib]ica71 ! fur (1 #baa4 ,w$dell1 ,capta91 8 ,ant>ctic voyages1 #dja4 ,weld51 8 visit to ,be> ,isl&1 #add4 ,well+ton ,*annel1 temp]ature (1 #bh4 ----1 discov]y (1 #cde4 ,w5jam91 ! ,ar*im&rite1 #agj4 ,we/]n1 ,?omas1 prea*es ,*ri/ianity to ! ,lapps1 #aef4 ,we/man ,isl&s1 description ( !1 #aad4 ----1 difficulty ( access ( !1 #aad4 ----1 h[ !y became coloniz$1 #aae4 ----1 ,heimaey1 or ,home ,isl&1 #aaf4 ----1 food & trade ( ! p1 #aag4 ----1 population & mortality ( ! *ildr51 #aah4 ----1 _! suff]+s f pirates1 #aah1 #aai4 ,weym\?1 8 voyage to ,hudson's ,bay1 #cda4 ,:ale1 ! ,gre5l& 7,balna my/icetus71 or smoo?-back1 #fj4 ---- (f ,nova ,zembla1 #aee4 ----1 ! :ite1 or beluga1 #fa4 ----1 ! 8ca'+10 #fb4 ----1 a /r&$1 at ,spitzb]g51 #acc4 ----1 ! f9-back1 #ei1 #fj4 ---- ( ,spitzb]g51 #acg4 ---- (f ,nova ,zembla1 #aee4 ----1 smoo?-back$1 ( ! ,ant>ctic seas1 #cig4 ----1 sp]m1 ( ! ,ant>ctic ,ocean1 #cih4 ,:al]s1 _! dang]s1 9 ! ,arctic seas1 #dh4 ----1 depress+ effect ( ! summ] fogs1 #ed4 ----1 _! op]ations 9 ! ,pol> seas1 #ei4 ----1 :ale *ases ( ! ,aleuts1 #bge4 ----1 :ale-hunts ( ! ,esquimaux1 #bie4 ----1 abundance ( :ales 9 ! ,ant>ctic seas1 #cig4 ----1 battle betwe5 a :ale & a grampus1 #cih4 ,:ale ,s\nd1 enorm\s glaci]s (1 #ej4 ,:ite-fi%1 or ,coregonus1 ( ,nor? ,am]ica1 #caj1 #caa4 ,:ite ,sea1 ,ca/rn's j\rney to !1 #agj4 ----1 ,*ancellor's discov]y ( ! passage f ,engl& to !1 #aib4 ----1 an ,engli% exp$ition 9 !1 #ccf4 ,:ymp]1 ,fr$]ick1 travels 9 ,alaska1 #bgg-bhi4 ,wilkes1 ,capta91 8 discov]ies 9 ! ,ant>ctic ,ocean1 #djb4 ,wilkes's ,l&1 discov]y (1 #djb4 ,williwaws ( ! ,/rait ( ,magellan1 #dab4 ,will\ghby1 ,sir ,hugh1 8 voyage & dea?1 #ccf4 ,will[1 pol> 7,salix pol>is71 ( ,nova ,zembla1 #aec4 ----1 dw>f1 ( ! treeless zone1 #ba4 ----1 dw>f1 on ! %ores ( ! riv]s & lakes1 #bd4 ,w9d-hole ,/rait ( ! ,dut* navigators1 #cci4 ,w9ds1 effects ( ! cold sea-w9ds on vegetation1 #bb4 ----1 influ5ce ( !1 on an ,arctic climate1 #bg4 ,w9t] ,h>bor1 ,p>ry's w9t] 91 #cde4 ,w9t]ia aromatica1 !1 #daj4 ,wit*craft & wit*es ( ! ,lapl&]s1 #aeh4 ,wolf1 its attack ( ! re9de]1 #cg1 #ch4 ----1 ,lapp mode ( hunt+ !1 #afd4 ---- 9 ,newf\ndl&1 #cgh4 ,wolv]9e4 ,see ,glutton4 ----1 fur ( !1 #caf4 ,wood1 l5g? ( "t necess>y = ! =mation (1 9 ! ,arctic regions1 #be4 ,woman1 dy+1 ab&on$1 #dfb4 ,wrangell1 ,lieut4 von1 8 s]vices z an ,arctic explor]1 #bcc4 ,wrangell1 8 j\rney to ! %ores ( ! ,pol> sea1 #bcd4 ----1 8 w9t]s at ,kolymsk1 #bch4 ----1 8 night on ! ,pol> sea1 #bci4 ----1 8 dang]1 & return to ,/4 ,pet]sburg1 #bda-bdc4 ,wre/l+ = a wife among ! ,t9n ,indians1 #ccj2 & among ! ,kut*9 ,indians1 #ccb4 ,y4 ,y5isei riv]1 importance (1 #ag4 ,y]mak ,timodajeff1 ! ,cossack robb]1 #aib4 ----1 8 conque/ ( ,sib]ia & dea?1 #aid4 ----1 8 monum5t 9 ,tobolsk1 #aid1 #aie4 ,york roads1 beauty (1 #dab4 ,yukon riv]1 #bgh-bhi4 ----1 ice 91 #bhc4 ,yukon1 =t1 #bhd4 ,z4 ,zembla1 ,nova1 va/ ice-fields (1 #bg4 ----1 mean temp]ature (1 9 summ] & w9t]1 #bg4 ----1 ! n>:al ( ! seas (1 #fj4 ----1 ! walruses ( ! coa/s (1 #fd4 ,z9z5dorf1 ,c\nt1 8 int]e/ 9 ,gre5l&1 #chd4 ,ziwolka1 ! ,russian /e]sman1 8 voyages1 #adi1 #aej4 ----1 8 meteorological obs]vations1 #aej4 ,,! ,,end4 ,,h>p] ,,bro!rs' ,,li/ ,,( ,,new ,,books4 ,,h>p] ,,bro!rs w s5d any ( ! foll[+ books by mail1 po/age prepaid1 to any "p ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 on receipt ( ! price4 ,,h>p]',s ,,catalogue1 ) ,,classifi$ ,,index ,,( ,,cont5ts1 s5t by mail on receipt ( ,five ,c5ts1 or x may be obta9$ gratuit\sly on application to ! ,publi%]s p]sonally4 ,,loss+',s ,,w> ,,( #ahab4 ,! ,pictorial ,field-,book ( ! ,w> ( #ahab2 or1 ,illu/rations1 by ,p5 & ,p5cil1 ( ! ,hi/ory1 ,biography1 ,sc5]y1 ,relics1 & ,traditions ( ! ,la/ ,w> = ,am]ican ,indep5d5ce4 ,by ,,b5son ,j4 ,,loss+1 ,au?or ( 8,! ,pictorial ,field-,book ( ! ,revolution40 ,) #hhb ,illu/rations1 engrav$ on ,wood by ,loss+ ,b>ritt1 *iefly f ,orig9al ,sket*es by ! ,au?or4 ,complete 9 ,"o ,volume1 #ajhd pages1 l>ge #hvo4 ,price1 9 ,clo?1 #g #jj2 ,%eep1 #h #ej2 ,full ,roan1 #i #jj2 ,half ,calf or ,half ,morocco extra1 #aj #jj4 ,mr4 ,loss+ n only writes excell5t hi/ory1 b he collects ! mat]ials f :i* t hi/ory is made2 & we are rem9d$ ( ,h]odotus1 :o travel$ into _m l&s to obta9 ! mat]ials f :i* 8 immortal "w 0 compos$1 & ^: skillfulness 9 acquir+ k1 & sagacity & tru?fulness 9 us+ 8 acquisitions1 mod]n rese>* & criticism are putt+ beyond all "q1 ?us refut+ t ignorance :i* w\ld h x t ! ,fa!r ( ,hi/ory 0 ! ,fa!r ( ,lies4 ,mr4 ,loss+'s indu/ry is equal$ only by 8 consci5ti\sness1 :i* leads him to treat all p>ties to ! ,w> ( #ahab ) ! utmo/ imp>tiality1 & to give all ! facts t ?r[ light ^u ! conte/1 :i* is a novelty 9 writ+ ab\t x1 = nev] 0 ! hi/ory ( an important w> told 9 a m p>tisan mann] ?an t ( our second conflict ) ,engl&4 99 99 99 ,! "t has come :5 x is possible to write ( x ) c&or z well z ) _s1 z ,mr4 ,loss+ writes its hi/ory2 & ! "t has come1 too1 :5 we are beg9n+ to und]/& its real effect on ! c\ntry1 & :5 x is possible to discuss its "* & its consequ5ces 9 a philosophical mann]1 z ,mr4 ,loss+ discusses !m4 99 99 99 ,x is prop] t ! hi/ory ( su* a conte/ %\ld be giv5 9 a s\nd mann]2 & su* is ! "w t ,mr4 ,loss+ has plac$ be=e 8 c\ntrym51 aft] imm5se ex]tions to make x wor?y ( _! approbation4 ,t !y w well appreciate :at he has done s ?or\ghly is a ?+ ( c\rse4 ,= "y p]sons :o w\ld h correct views ( _! c\ntry's hi/ory1 no bett] book c be nam$4 ,its m9ut5ess1 its livel9ess1 its accuracy1 its high tone1 & its exhau/ive "*1 r5d] x a f9e op5+ "w = y\?ful read]s1 ^: m9ds are always injur$ by ! p]usal ( sup]ficial hi/ories4 99 99 99 ,! volume is p]fectly pr9t$1 no ,european or ,am]ican book ev] hav+ come f ! press 9 a m elegant /ate4 ,! pap] & ! b9d+ are faultless4 ,9 fact1 ! book pleases ! eye z mu* z x af=ds food = ! m9d4 ,x %\ld be 9 e libr>y1 public & private1 & 9 ! h&s ( all p]sons :o w\ld und]/& ,am]ican hi/ory1 & :o w\ld acquire k !re( f ! highe/ available s\rces4--,bo/on ,travell]4 ,wor?y ( ! highe/ praise = its full & vivid recital ( ! /irr+ ev5ts on l& & sea t end$ ) ! ,battle ( ,new ,orleans1 & = its valuable summ>y ( political affairs f ! close ( ! ,revolution to ! ,peace ( ,gh5t4--,ev5+ ,po/4 ,,h>twig',s ,,pol> ,,_w4 ,! ,pol> ,_w3 a ,popul> ,description ( ,man & ,nature 9 ! ,arctic & ,ant>ctic ,regions ( ! ,globe4 ,by ,dr4 ,g4 ,,h>twig1 ,au?or ( 8,! ,sea & its ,liv+ ,wond]s10 8,! ,h>monies ( ,nature10 & 8,! ,tropical ,_w40 ,) ,additional ,*apt]s & #afj ,illu/rations by ! ,am]ican ,editor4 #hvo1 ,clo?4 ,^? ( our read]s :o are acqua9t$ ) ,dr4 ,h>twig's =m] books on ,physical ,geography1 especially 8 8,tropical ,_w10 w n be disappo9t$ by 8 description ( man & nature 9 ! ,arctic & ,ant>ctic regions ( ! globe4 ,:]eas )9 ! tropics ! v>iety & abundance ( nature ?r[ man & 8 works into ! %ade1 9 ! 8,pol> ,_w0 man becomes ! mo/ important & int]e/+ animal4 ,a great "p ( ,dr4 ,h>twig's book is tak5 up ) ! adv5tures & hair-bread? escapes ( discov]]s by l& & sea--,norsem51 ,f9ns1 ,cossacks1 ,russians1 ,dut*1 ,engli%1 & ,am]icans4 ,among ^!1 ! ,f9n philologi/ ,ca/rn is p]haps ! mo/ int]e/+4 ,he wore out 8 life travel+ across ! froz5 des]ts ( ,nor!rn ,europe & ,asia1 f ,lapl& to ,lake ,baikal1 /udy+ ! languages ( ! mo/ remote tribes1 & di$ soon aft] 8 return to ! ,univ]sity ( ,hels+=s4 ,equally int]e/+ is ! acc\nt ( ! ,cossack conque/ ( ,sib]ia by ! adv5tur\s robb] ,y]mak ,timodajeff4 ,! book conta9s sev]al lively sket*es ( ! natives ( ^! inclem5t regions1 includ+ n only ! ,lapps1 ,samoy$es1 ,jakuts1 etc41 ( ,europe & ,asia1 b also ! ,esquimaux & ,indians ( ,arctic ,am]ica4--,pall ,mall ,gazette4 ,,scott',s ,,fi%+-,,book4 ,fi%+ 9 ,am]ican ,wat]s4 ,by ,,g5io ,c4 ,,scott4 #agj ,illu/rations4 ,cr[n #hvo1 ,clo?1 #c #ej4 ,conta9s a va/ am\nt ( in=mation conc]n+ ! sea & fre%-wat] fi%es ( our ,am]ican wat]s1 ! v>i\s me?ods ( captur+ !m1 ! tackle to be employ$1 etc4 ,important 9 respect ( fi%-culture4 ,?is book1 l ! au?or ( x1 is em95tly practical1 & e angl] ought to h x4 ,we d\bt :e!r !re is ano!r man 9 ,am]ica capable ( writ+ & illu/rat+1 z ,mr4 ,scott has done1 su* a book z ?is4--,_s ( ! ,times4 ,! au?or is a skillful vot>y ( ! fasc9at+ art1 to :i* he has giv5 _m ye>s ( successful practice1 n only ) an unusual k ( ! subject1 b ) a ke5 s5se ( its manifold enjoym5ts4 99 99 99 ,describes ! pr9cipal v>ieties ( ! ,am]ican salt & fre% wat] fi%es1 (f]s m9ute directions = ! mo/ feasible me?ods ( capture1 & enliv5s 8 /atem5ts by relations ( p]sonal adv5tures 9 _m wat]s1 & picturesque descriptions ( nature4--,n4 ,y4 ,tribune4 ,! book has c]ta9ly be5 got up ) pa9/ak+ c>e & a devot$ love ( ! subject1 & x unque/ionably conta9s a va/ mass ( valuable in=mation & innum]able useful directions4--,n4 ,y4 ,citiz54 ,,upham',s ,,m5tal ,,philosophy4 ,m5tal ,philosophy2 embrac+ ! ,?ree ,dep>tm5ts ( ! ,intellect1 ,s5sibilities1 & ,w4 ,by ,,?omas ,c4 ,,upham1 ,d4,d41 ,pr(essor ( ,m5tal & ,moral ,philosophy 9 ,b[do9 ,college4 ,9 ,two ,volumes4 ,vol4 ,i43 ,intellect1 ,language2 ,vol4 ,,ii43 ,s5sibilities1 ,w4 #abmo1 ,clo?1 #a #ge p] volume4 ,,h>p]',s ,,h&-,,book ,,( ,,=eign ,,travel4 ,h>p]'s ,h&-,book = ,travell]s 9 ,europe & ! ,ea/4 ,be+ a ,guide ?r\gh ,france1 ,belgium1 ,holl&1 ,g]many1 ,au/ria1 ,italy1 ,egypt1 ,syria1 ,turkey1 ,greece1 ,switz]l&1 ,tyrol1 ,russia1 ,d5m>k1 ,sw$51 ,spa91 & ,great ,brita9 & ,irel&4 ,) a ,railroad ,map correct$ up to #ahfi4 ,by ,w4 ,,pembroke ,,fetridge4 ,revis$ ,edition3 ,eigh? ,ye>4 ,l>ge #abmo1 ,lea!r1 ,pocket-,book ,=m1 #g #ej4 ,,h>p]',s ,,phrase-,,book2 or ,h&-,book ( ,travel ,talk = ,travell]s & ,s*ools4 ,be+ a ,guide to ,conv]sations 9 ,engli%1 ,fr5*1 ,g]man1 & ,italian1 on a ,new & ,improv$ ,me?od4 ,int5d$ to accompany 8,h>p]'s ,h&-,book = ,travell]s40 ,by ,w4 ,,pembroke ,,fetridge4 ,assi/$ by ,pr(essors ( ,heidelb]g ,univ]sity4 ,) concise & explicit ,rules = ! ,pronunciation ( ! diff]5t ,languages4 ,squ>e #afmo1 ,flexible ,clo?1 #a #ej4 ,,wallace',s ,,malay ,,ar*ipelago4 ,! ,malay ,ar*ipelago3 ,! ,l& ( ! ,orang-,utan & ! ,bird ( ,p>adise4 ,a ,n>rative ( ,travel4 #ahed-ahfb4 ,) ,/udies ( ,man & ,nature4 ,by ,,alfr$ ,,russel ,,wallace4 ,) ,t5 ,maps & ,fifty-"o ,elegant ,illu/rations4 ,cr[n #hvo1 ,clo?1 #c #ej4 ,mr4 ,wallace's /yle is z *>m+ z ,d>w9's1 & great] praise x c\ld n h4 ,8 sci5tific obs]vations are z int]e/+ z o!r p's adv5tures3 he is a truly intellig5t writ]--"o :o has ! p[] to int]e/ o!rs 9 8 pursuits1 inve/igations1 & speculations4 ,^? :o h read ,mr4 ,d>w9's 8,voyage ( a ,naturali/10 a book too little kn[n1 w f9d 9 ?is a companion volume z absorb+ly int]e/+ & z cle> & in/ructive z t4--,n4 ,y4 ,ev5+ ,po/4 ,9 %ort1 no book ( travels1 adv5ture1 & obs]vations ( our "t c be pron\nc$ sup]ior to ?is1 9 :i* ,mr4 ,wallace gives an accurate acc\nt ( t ri* & wond]ful "p ( ! globe1 ! great & lavi%ly-end[$ ,malay ,ar*ipelago1 & :i* ! ,am]ican publi%]s h reproduc$ 9 admirable /yle4--,bo/on ,travell]4 ,a vivid picture ( tropical life1 :i* may be read ) unflagg+ int]e/1 & a suffici5t acc\nt ( 8 sci5tific conclusions to /imulate our appetite )\t we>y+ u by detail4 ,9 %ort1 we may safely say t we h seldom read a m agreeable book ( its k9d4--,saturday ,review4 ,,abbott',s ,,new ,,te/am5t ,,tru?s4 ,old ,te/am5t ,%ad[s ( ,new ,te/am5t ,tru?s4 ,by ,,lyman ,,abbott1 ,au?or ( 8,jesus ( ,naz>e?1 8 ,life & ,tea*+s10 c4 ,elegantly ,illu/rat$4 #hvo1 ,clo?4 7,ne>ly ,ready47 ,,abbott',s ,,joseph ,,bonap>te4 ,! ,hi/ory ( ,joseph ,bonap>te1 ,k+ ( ,naples & ( ,italy4 ,by ,,john ,s4 ,c4 ,,abbott1 ,au?or ( 8,! ,hi/ory ( ,napoleon ,bonap>te10 8,! ,fr5* ,revolution10 c4 #afmo1 ,clo?1 #a #bj4 ,uni=m ) ,,abbotts' ,,illu/rat$ ,,hi/ories4 ,by ,,jacob ,,abbott & ,,john ,s4 ,c4 ,,abbott4 #afmo1 ,clo?1 #a #bj p] ,volume4 ,cyrus ! ,great1 ,d>ius ! ,great1 ,x]xes1 ,alex&] ! ,great1 ,romulus1 ,hannibal1 ,pyrrhus1 ,julius ,cs>1 ,cleopatra1 ,n]o1 ,alfr$ ! ,great1 ,william ! ,conqu]or1 ,ri*>d ,i41 ,ri*>d ,,ii41 ,ri*>d ,,iii41 ,m>y ,que5 ( ,scots1 ,que5 ,elizabe?1 ,*>les ,i41 ,*>les ,,ii41 ,joseph9e1 ,m>ia ,anto9ette1 ,madame ,rol&1 ,h5ry ,,iv41 ,pet] ! ,great1 ,g5ghis ,khan1 ,k+ ,philip1 ,h]n&o ,cortez1 ,m>g>et ( ,anj\4 ,,loomis',s ,,a/ronomy4 ,elem5ts ( ,a/ronomy4 ,design$ = ,academies & ,high ,s*ools4 ,by ,,elias ,,loomis1 ,,ll4,d41 ,pr(essor ( ,natural ,philosophy & ,a/ronomy 9 ,yale ,college1 & ,au?or ( a 8,c\rse ( ,ma!matics40 #abmo1 ,%eep1 #a #ej4 ,we took up ,pr(4 ,loomis's ,elem5ts ( ,a/ronomy1 confid5t t we %\ld "h f9d1 br\ght )9 ! compreh5sion ( unsci5tific m9ds1 ! high] tru?s ( a sci5ce ^: gr&eur is lo/ to ! common p by ! te*nicalities 9 :i* x is en%r9$4 ,we h n be5 disappo9t$4 ,we "k ( no treatise on ,a/ronomy to :i* we %\ld turn = an explanation ( any ( its elem5t>y pr9ciples ) su* confid5t assurance ( receiv+ real satisfaction1 & none :i* we %\ld s soon place 9 ! h&s ( a "y p]son :o desir$ an introduction to ?is /udy4--,new ,mon?ly ,magaz9e4 ,,nevius',s ,,*9a4 ,*9a & ! ,*9ese3 a ,g5]al ,description ( ! ,c\ntry & its ,inhabitants2 its ,civilization & ,=m ( ,gov]nm5t2 its ,religi\s & ,social ,in/itutions2 its ,int]c\rse ) o!r ,nations2 & its ,pres5t ,condition & ,prospects4 ,by ! ,rev4 ,,john ,l4 ,,nevius1 ,t5 ,ye>s a ,mission>y 9 ,*9a4 ,) a ,map & ,illu/rations4 l#bmo1 ,clo?1 #a #ge4 ,! great m]it ( ! book seems to be t x und]takes to tell1 9 a pla9 & practical mann]1 ^? ma9 ?+s :i* intellig5t p desire to le>n ab\t ,*9a1 its p1 life1 cu/oms1 religions1 etc41 & does x )\t encumb]+ itself ) ov]mu* ( detail or pr(undity4 ,read+ x is mu* l hav+ a s]ies ( talks ) a ,*9aman :o is able freely to answ] all ^? que/ions :i* a curi\s ,yankee is prompt$ to ask ab\t 8 nation1 & :o does s4 ,we incl9e to ?9k x ! be/ book yet publi%$ 9 our language = giv+ a g5]al description ( ,*9a & its p1 )\t be+ ov]burd5$ 9 any direction ) details4--,congregationali/4 ,:5 ,mr4 ,nevius tells u ab\t ! fa%ions1 ! ways ( talk+1 %opp+1 tea*+1 trad+1 pray+1 eat+1 m>ry+1 bury+1 gambl+1 read+1 writ+1 :i* he saw among !m1 he makes ! sc5es life-life2 ! int]e/s treat$ he makes altoge!r human3 & s he leads u on 9 a pa? almo/ z ent]ta9+ z a j\rney ( our own4--,n4 ,y4 ,ev5+ ,po/4 ,,roosevelt',s ,,five ,,acres ,,too ,,mu*4 ,five ,acres ,too ,mu*4 ,a ,tru?ful ,elucidation ( ! ,attractions ( ! ,c\ntry1 & a ,c>eful ,consid]ation ( ! ,"q ( ,pr(it & ,loss z involv$ 9 ,amateur ,f>m+1 ) mu* ,valuable ,advice & ,in/ruction to ^? ab\t ,pur*as+ ,l>ge or ,small ,places 9 ! ,rural ,di/ricts4 ,by ,,rob]t ,b4 ,,roosevelt1 ,au?or ( 8,game ,fi% ( ,nor? ,am]ica10 8,sup]ior ,fi%+10 8,game ,birds10 c4 ,) ,*>act]i/ic ,illu/rations4 #abmo1 ,clo?1 #a #ej4 ,"o ( ! pleasante/ bits ( satire we h read = "s "t4 ,! au?or has writt5 ! book = ! purpose ( hav+ a good-humor$ fl+ at ! writ]s ( works :i* pr(ess to %[ h[1 out ( half a doz5 acres ( l& any :]e1 ! v]ie/ novice c make spl5did pr(it & good "t z a practical f>m]4 ,s ,mr4 ,roosevelt tells u h[1 fir$ ) ! noble inspiration ^! books sugge/1 he got 8 five acres1 built 8 h\se1 b\ght 8 horse1 c[s1 pigs1 & p\ltry1 & w5t to "w to conv]t himself into a successful agriculturi/4 ,8 exp]i5ces are v droll1 & ! f9ancial results he arrives at highly +5i\s & satisfactory4 ,!re is n too mu* extravagance 9 ! book--j en\gh to make "o laugh1 n en\gh to conv]t ! mir? into broad f>ce & grotesqu]ie4--,indep5d5t4 ,an injunction %\ld be put ^u ! sale ( ?is book1 = we consid] x a dang]\s ?+ to be let loose ^u ! community4 ,?is op9ion is =m$ f its effect ^u ourselves4 ,?\gh progressive 9 mo/ matt]s1 we h "s old fogy notions ab\t books1 & "o ( ^! is to read !m be=e notic+ !m4 ,we read 8,five ,acres ,too ,mu*10 & :5 we laid x d[n felt z lame & sore z if we _h done a h>d day's "w at m[+ or r[+4 ,is a book :i* makes "o laugh until he cries1 laugh until he is tir$ & c n laugh any m1 a safe ?+8 ,we call ! att5tion ( ! ,bo>d ( ,heal? to ! ,h>p]s1 & give ours to ! book4 ,x is ! /ory ( a city lawy] :o w5t to ! c\ntry to f>m x on five acres1 & conta9s an acc\nt ( ! blund]s ( a novice4 ,!re is a p]fect breeze ( fun ?r\gh ! :ole1 n boi/]\s fun1 b *>m+ & irresi/ible1 & x is m>k$ by a g5ial appreciation ( ! ludicr\s4 ,we h n = a long "t be5 s ?or\gly amus$ z 9 read+ ?is book1 & laugh$ none ! less at ! g5tle digs he gives u z editors 9 g5]al1 & ( ! ,agriculturi/ 9 p>ticul>4--,am]ican ,agriculturi/4 ,,b\rne',s ,,london ,,m]*ants4 ,fam\s ,london ,m]*ants4 ,a ,book = ,boys4 ,by ,h4 ,r4 ,,fox ,,b\rne4 ,) ,portrait ( ,george ,peabody & #bd ,illu/rations1 #afmo1 ,clo?1 #a #jj4 ,tells pleasantly1 & ) mu* casual in=mation ab\t comm]ce & =eign c\ntries1 ! /ory ( ! lives ( ?irte5 ,london m]*ants1 f fam\s ,dick ,:itt+ton to our honor$ c\ntryman1 ,george ,peabody4 ,mo/ ( !m 7 self-made m51 & surely no bett] inc5tives to a prop] ambition c be plac$ be=e boys ?an ^! simple /ories ( real & honor$ lives4 ,x is a book1 too1 :i* boys w seize ^u gladly1 s9ce x all[s ! subjects to speak = !mselves1 & attempts no moraliz+4 ,we "k ( no book :i* a fa!r c\ld bett] buy = 8 boys4--,n4 ,y4 ,ev5+ ,mail4 ,,guiccioli',s ,,recollections ,,( ,,"l ,,byron4 ,my ,recollections ( ,"l ,byron3 & ^? ( ,eye-,witnesses ( 8 ,life4 ,by ! ,,c\ntess ,,guiccioli4 ,translat$ by ,,hub]t ,e4 ,h4 ,,j]n+ham4 ,portrait1 #abmo1 ,clo?1 #a #ge4 ,?is book is ( great value2 = x collects ! v>i\s op9ions ( ,"l ,byron's biograph]s1 pres5ts !m at "o glance1 illu/rates !m by ! lett]s & j\rnal ( ! poet himself1 & subjects !m to a f9al criticism4--,pall ,mall ,gazette4 ,,flagg',s ,,european ,,v9ey>ds4 ,?ree ,seasons 9 ,european ,v9ey>ds4 ,treat+ ( ,v9e-,culture2 ,v9e ,disease & its ,cure2 ,w9e-,mak+ & ,w9es1 ,r$ & ,:ite2 ,w9e-,dr9k+1 z affect+ ,heal? & ,morals4 ,by ,,william ,j4 ,,flagg4 #abmo1 ,clo?1 #a #ej4 ,a pleasant1 gossipy book ( travels ?r\gh ^? portions ( ,france r>ely visit$ by t\ri/s1 ) fre% pictures1 t\*es ( hi/orical lore1 glimpses ( anci5t *ateaux buri$ 9 trees1 ( ! que] *>act]s "o meets ) 9 a dilig5ce1 ( rural amusem5ts1 ( firesides 9 ! inn kit*5s1 ( qua9t cu/oms & odd say+s1 & all relat$ 9 a simple & natural way1 ) "h & !re a t\* ( humor1 mu/ always be acceptable to ! g5]al read]4 ,he holds ! book lightly 9 8 h&1 z if he c\ld lay x d[n at any mom5t2 b he does n lay x d[n--a smile l+]s on 8 lips1 & he enjoys x to ! la/ page4 99 99 99 ,su* a book is ! "o n[ be=e u1 & if ?is 7 its only m]it1 we %\ld say no m4 ,b int]wov5 ) ! n>rative ( travel are "s sugge/ions1 h9ts1 & ?\ghts drawn f acute obs]vation1 :i* enhance ! value ( ! book t5--or r t5 times t5--fold4 ,8 !me is1 ,v9e-,culture 9 ,europe4 ,8 object is to use ! long exp]i5ce ( ! old _w 9 ?is bran* ( sci5ce = ! promotion ( ,v9e-,culture 9 ,am]ica4 ,?us1 l a true ma/]1 he makes 8 n>rative pleasant to attract read]s1 8 description ( ,v9e-,culture 9 ,europe m9ute1 accurate1 & valuable2 & ! application ( 8 sugge/ions to our own me?ods ( ?is gr[+ bran* ( home indu/ry he leaves to ! sagacity ( ! read] to use or to improve ^u4 99 99 99 ,!re is probably no p]son bett] qualifi$ 9 ?is c\ntry to write ^u ?is subject4--,ev5+ ,po/4 ,besides be+ a summ>y ( useful in=mation conc]n+ ! produce ( ! grape1 ! pres5t book conta9s an extremely pleasant sket* ( travel1 int]sp]s$ ) reflections ( mu* int]e/ & obs]vations ( consid]able orig9ality1 af=d+ a picture ( a c]ta9 phase ( ,fr5* life unkn[n & unse5 by ord9>y t\ri/s4 ,x is full ( t k9d ( ent]ta9+ read+ :i* ,sir ,philip ,sidney /yles 8trifles trifl+ly h&l$20 & cong5ial fancy k9dles ov] descriptions ( ! beautiful sc5]y1 ! oddities ( local cu/oms1 ! luxuri\s v9ey>ds1 ! g5ial atmosph]e1 8! inc5se ( fruitful summ]1 ! inc5se ( fruit-"t10 ! village fea/s & pa/imes1 &1 r>e/ ( all1 ! happy peasantry1 n yet r5d]$ unhappy by demagogues & vision>ies4--,r\nd ,table4 ,a liveli]1 raci]1 m ent]ta9+ volume on a practical subject has n yet be5 writt54 ,mr4 ,flagg %[s su* a he>ty delight 9 8 subject t ! mo/ indiff]5t read] c n escape ! infection2 :ile all 8 willful1 irrepressible play ( humor1 8 fla%es ( p]sonal ta/es & prejudices1 8 occasional misconceptions ( "* & cu/oms1 leave unt\*$ ! %>p1 cle> p]ception1 & %rewd common-s5se :i* =m ! /aple ( ! book4--,n4 ,y4 ,tribune4 ,,:ymp]',s ,,alaska4 ,travel & ,adv5ture 9 ! ,t]ritory ( ,alaska1 =m]ly ,russian ,am]ica1 n[ ,c$$ to ! ,unit$ ,/ates--& 9 v>i\s o!r ,p>ts ( ! ,nor? ,pacific4 ,by ,,fr$]ick ,,:ymp]4 ,map & ,illu/rations4 ,cr[n #hvo1 ,clo?1 #b #ej4 ,?is agreeable book ( travel & adv5ture4 99 99 99 ,! pur*ase ( ,alaska by ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,gov]nm5t has awak5$ a lively int]e/ 9 t region2 & :atev] relates to its natural features1 its inhabitants1 its exi/+ /ate1 & its possible res\rces1 comes to u ) ! two-fold *>m ( novelty & mat]ial int]e/4 ,mr4 ,:ymp] 0 able to take ) him ! requisite qualifications = break+ gr\nd 9 t new &1 9 _m respects1 r\gh & unciviliz$ qu>t]1 z ! results ( 8 exploration 9 ! cle>ly-writt5 & clev]ly-illu/rat$ volume be=e u te/ify4 99 99 99 ,all t is mo/ orig9al & /rik+ 9 8 n>rative c5tres 9 8 exp]i5ces ( life 9 ! lately-c$$ t]ritory1 & 9 ! e/imate :i* 8 graphic pictures ( its physical aspects & ( its p enc\rage u to draw = ! future4--,saturday ,review4 ,,! ,,/ud5ts ,,old ,,te/am5t ,,hi/ory4 ,! ,old ,te/am5t ,hi/ory4 ,f ! ,creation to ! ,return ( ! ,jews f ,captivity4 ,edit$ by ,,wm4 ,,smi?1 ,,ll4,d4 ,) ,maps & ,woodcuts4 ,l>ge #abmo1 ,clo?1 #b #jj4 7,uni=m ) ! ,/ud5t's ,new ,te/am5t ,hi/ory47 ,! hi/ory ( ! ,jews is "h told 9 a bett] mann] ?an 9 any o!r "w ( ! same size1 & all ! results ( ! deep & accurate inquiries into t hi/ory are incorporat$ ) ! n>rative4 ,x is1 inde$1 a popul>1 ?\gh grave & le>n$ comm5t>y on ! ,old ,te/am5t1 a comm5t>y tak+ ! =m ( regul> hi/orical writ+1 & writt5 ) =ce & cle>ness4--,bo/on ,travell]4 ,9 ! prep>ation ( ! text x is evid5t t great c>e has be5 tak5 to r5d] ! "w "o t1 :ile rev]5t & recogniz+ ! sanctity & claims ( ,revelation1 %\ld be suitable = ! *>act]i/ic criticism & exegesis ( ! age4 ,x is an excell5t cond5sation ( ne>ly all ! valuable matt] t criticism1 hi/orical1 e?nographical1 topographical1 & *ronological inve/igations h accumulat$ r\nd ! ,old ,te/am5t ,^w ( ,god4--,presbyt]ian 7,*icago74 ,,! ,,/ud5t',s ,,new ,,te/am5t ,,hi/ory4 ,! ,new ,te/am5t ,hi/ory4 ,) an ,introduction1 connect+ ! ,hi/ory ( ! ,old & ,new ,te/am5ts4 ,edit$ by ,,william ,,smi?1 ,,ll4,d41 ,classical ,exam9] 9 ! ,univ]sity ( ,london4 ,) ,maps & ,woodcuts4 ,l>ge #abmo1 #ghj pages1 ,clo?1 #b #jj4 ,a valuable & *eap comp5dium ( accurate in=mation drawn f ! mo/ rec5t results ( s*ol>%ip4--,advance4 ,^? :o h read ! ,new ,te/am5t only 9 a desultory fa%ion1 or 9 ! disord]ly me?od 9 :i* x is arrang$ 9 our v]sion1 w f9d a new light ca/ ^u x by ! /udy ( ! ,book 9 its *ronological ord]1 & ) su* helps z ,dr4 ,smi? has "h pres5t$4--,am]ican ,presbyt]ian 7,philadelphia74 ,sabba?-s*ool tea*]s1 & ! m advanc$ pupils ( ,sabba?-s*ools1 z well z intellig5t private /ud5ts ( ! ,scriptures1 w f9d ?is a helpful & remun]ative volume4--,congregationali/4 ,,halp9e',s ,,poems4 7,,miles ,o',,reilly47 ,! ,poetical ,works ( ,,*>les ,g4 ,,halp9e 7,miles ,o',reilly74 ,consi/+ ( ,odes1 ,poems1 ,sonnets1 ,epics1 & ,lyrical ,effusions :i* h n h]et(ore be5 collect$ toge!r4 ,) a ,biographical ,sket* & ,explanatory ,notes4 ,edit$ by ,,rob]t ,b4 ,,roosevelt4 ,portrait on ,/eel4 ,cr[n #hvo1 ,clo?1 #b #ej4 ,8 poetry w n be soon neglect$ or =gott54 ,!re is a *>m ab\t 8 v]ses :i* mu/ make !m ev] welcome4 ,t5d]ness1 s5tim5t1 & humor ab\nd 9 !m2 ! abs5ce ( malice or bitt]ness is *>act]i/ic ( ! writ]'s :ole-s\l$ nature4 99 99 99 ,few c read ! poems )\t pleasure--none c read !m )\t int]e/4--,n4 ,y4 ,h]ald4 ,,mrs4 ,,hale',s ,,woman',s ,,record2 or1 ,biographical ,sket*es ( all ,di/+ui%$ ,wom51 f ! ,creation to ! ,pres5t ,"t4 ,arrang$ 9 ,f\r ,eras1 ) ,selections f ,female ,writ]s ( ea* ,era4 ,by ,mrs4 ,s4 ,j4 ,,hale4 ,illu/rat$ ) m ?an #bjj ,portraits1 engrav$ by ,b5son ,j4 ,loss+4 ,a ,new ,edition1 ) ,additions4 #hvo1 ,clo?4 7,ne>ly ,ready47 ,,haydn',s ,,diction>y ,,( ,,dates1 relat+ to all ,ages & ,nations4 ,= ,univ]sal ,ref]5ce4 ,edit$ by ,,b5jam9 ,,v9c5t1 ,assi/ant ,secret>y & ,keep] ( ! ,libr>y ( ! ,royal ,in/itution ( ,great ,brita92 & ,revis$ = ! ,use ( ,am]ican ,read]s4 #hvo1 ,clo?4 7,ne>ly ,ready47 ,,hav5',s ,,rhetoric4 ,rhetoric3 a ,text-,book1 design$ = ,use 9 ,s*ools & ,colleges1 & = ,private ,/udy4 ,by ,rev4 ,e4 ,o4 ,,hav51 ,d4,d41 ,,ll4,d41 ,presid5t ( ! ,nor?we/]n ,univ]sity1 ,evan/on1 & late ,presid5t ( ,mi*igan ,univ]sity1 #abmo1 ,clo?1 #a #ej4 ,i welcome ! book he>tily1 & %all adopt x 9 my classes "h4 ,dr4 ,hav5 seems to me to h aim$ to produce a useful book r ?an a %[y "o4 ,too _m :o deal ) ! subject are only !oretical rhetoricians3 on e page ( ,dr4 ,hav5's book ,i f9d ! good effects ( 8 be+ also a practical rhetorician4 ,hitt+ ! happy mean betwe5 ! excess & ! total rejection ( ! old te*nical phraseology1 he has giv5 to u a s]ies ( j su* s5sible1 sugge/ive1 & helpful talks ab\t writ+ & speak+ ! ,engli% language z "o w\ld expect f a man ( 8 great exp]i5ce z a speak]1 writ]1 & tea*]4 ,?is1 aft] all1 is precisely :at ,am]ican /ud5ts ne$4 ,^u ! :ole1 ! book has ^! great m]its3 x is a gr[?1 & n a manufacture2 x is fre%1 s9c]e1 lively1 cle>1 practical2 f9ally1 in/ead ( be+1 l s _m text-books on ?is subject1 dry & dead5+1 x w prove ?r\gh\t positively int]e/+ to ! /ud5t--x w /imulate1 *e]1 & guide him4--,,moses ,,coit ,,taylor1 ,m4,a41 ,pr(essor ( ,rhetoric & ,engli% ,lit]ature1 ,univ]sity ( ,mi*igan4 ,concise1 direct1 lucid1 & arrang$ 9 a natural ord] ( topics4--,advance4 ,?is book1 by ,presid5t ,hav51 _h its gr[? 9 a class-room4 ,?is acc\nts = its "*1 :i* is decid$ly practical4 ,x is no high-fly+ treatise or deeply-pr(\nd discussion on ?is subject ( rhetoric4 ,x is pla9 & concise1 & e way a good /atem5t ( ^? pr9ciples & rules :i* mu/ be obs]v$ 9 ord] to a correct & happy expression ( "o's ?\ghts & feel+s4--,wat*man & ,reflector4 ,i h c>efully read 8,hav5's ,rhetoric40 ,x is a good elem5t>y book1 & has ! m]it ( pres5t+ _m new illu/rations in/ead ( ! hackney$ quotations usually f\nd 9 compilations4--,,wm4 ,,pre/on ,,john/on1 ,pr(essor ( ,hi/ory & ,engli% ,lit]ature1 ,wa%+ton ,college1 ,va4 ,,wood',s ,,w$d+ ,,day ,,9 ,,all ,,ages4 ,! ,w$d+ ,day 9 all ,ages & ,c\ntries4 ,by ,,edw>d ,j4 ,,wood1 ,au?or ( 8,! ,curiosities ( ,clocks & ,wat*es f ! ,e>lie/ ,times10 & 8,giants & ,dw>fs40 l#bmo1 ,clo?1 #a #be4 ,"o ( ! mo/ curi\s books we h se5 = a long "t4 ,x is pack$ full ( facts4 ,beg9n+ ) ! in/itution ( m>riage1 ! au?or successively treats ( all ! /range & picturesque cu/oms by :i* diff]5t peoples h giv5 "* & int]e/ to ! m>riage c]emony4 ,! pa/ has be5 ransack$1 & ! pres5t inve/igat$4 ,hi/ory1 poetry1 philosophy1 ar*ology1 h all be5 drawn ^u1 & ! result is "o ( ! mo/ ent]ta9+ books we h se5 = a long "t4--,n4 ,y4 ,comm]cial ,adv]tis]4 ,a compilation ( hi/orical facts relat+ to ! m>riage c]emony z x has be5 conduct$ 9 anci5t & mod]n times among all ! peoples ( ! e>?4 ,a great deal ( antiqu>ian rese>* has be5 exp5d$ ^u x1 & ! curi\s read] w f9d ! topics ( ! w$d+ r+1 ! m>riage bells1 ! bridal cake1 fl++ ! old %oe1 etc41 etc41 fully treat$ by ! au?or4--,n4 ,y4 ,ev5+ ,po/4 ,,m>*',s ,,p>s] ,,& ,,analyz]4 ,a ,p>s] & ,analyz] = ,beg9n]s1 ) ,diagrams & ,sugge/ive ,pictures4 ,by ,,francis ,a4 ,,m>*1 ,pr(essor ( ! ,engli% ,language & ,comp>ative ,philology 9 ,lafayette ,college1 ,au?or ( 8,me?od ( ,philological ,/udy ( ! ,engli% ,language10 8,comp>ative ,gramm> ( ! ,anglo-,saxon ,language10 c4 #afmo1 ,flexible ,clo?1 #dj c5ts4 ,! volume is small1 b compact & s]viceable4 ,its design is to introduce beg9n]s to ! laws ( ! ,engli% ,language by appeal+ directly to _! rational p[]s1 & z little z possible to memory4 ,x aboli%es m]e recitation1 & makes ! "w ( le>n+ m ne>ly recreative ?an any attempt yet br\ght to our notice4 ,! tea*] c easily p]ceive its scope & purpose4 ,x w n relieve him ( c>e1 b w s *ange 8 duty t1 in/ead ( sitt+ & he>+ tasks1 he w be call$ ^u to /imulate & guide developm5t4 ,! "w unites ! pupil & tea*] 9 _! !me1 & ! processes ( tea*+ & le>n+ take an id5tity :i* does away ) e/rangem5t & begets naturalness4 ,x comb9es all ! b5efits ( object-tea*+1 by fullness ( illu/ration1 ) t active inquiry common to y\? :5 matt]s t\*+ hi/ory1 biography1 geography1 or e-day occurr5ces are sugge/$4 ,x is m & m se5 t ! duty ( education is to br+ ! pupil into direct relation ) ?+s1 t he may reflect or ex]cise judgm5t ^u !m4 ,! lessons or sugge/ions 9 ?is "w are s arrang$ z to keep z ne>ly z possible an ev5 pace ) heal?ful developm5t4 99 99 99 ,a look into x w prove almo/ z pr(itable z a glance at nature4 ,!y c le>n )\t memoriz+ to a h>mful ext5t1 & :at !y le>n w n be =gott54 ,we comm5d ! "w to g5]al att5tion ^u its m]its4 ,its au?or is "o ( ! fir/ philologi/s 9 ! l&1 & no man has a ke5] appreciation ( our language1 or und]/&s bett] ! true me?ods ( introduc+ ! "y m9d to its beauties4--,philadelphia ,press4 ,beg9n+ ) ! def9itions ( simple n\ns1 ! lessons asc5d by easy /ages to ! highe/ =m ( grammatical con/ruction4 ,! diagram analysis & illu/rations are admirable aids to ! /ud5t 9 ! lessons1 impress+ !m ^u ! m9d4--,n4 ,y4 ,h]ald4 ,,b>nes',s ,,notes ,,on ,,! ,,psalms4 ,notes1 ,critical1 ,explanatory1 & ,practical1 on ! ,book ( ,psalms4 ,by ,,alb]t ,,b>nes1 ,au?or ( 8,notes on ! ,new ,te/am5t10 8,lectures on ! ,evid5ces ( ,*ri/ianity10 c4 ,?ree ,volumes4 #abmo1 ,clo?1 #a #ej p] volume4 99 99 99 ,!re is ! same bl5d+ ( ! critical & ! practical1 ) con/ant expression ( dev\t feel+s & s5tim5ts1 :i*1 9 a "w on ! ,psalms1 is peculi>ly congru\s ) ! book :i* ,mr4 ,b>nes is int]pret+4--,presbyt]ian 7,philadelphia74 ,^! ,notes on ! ,psalms are *>act]iz$ by ! excell5ces :i* made ,mr4 ,b>nes's e>li] expository works s em95tly successful4--,am]ican ,presbyt]ian4 ,,baldw9',s ,,pre-,,hi/oric ,,nations4 ,pre-,hi/oric ,nations2 or1 ,inquiries conc]n+ "s ( ! ,great ,peoples & ,civilizations ( ,antiquity1 & _! ,probable ,relation to a /ill ,old] ,civilization ( ! ,e?iopians or ,cu%ites ( ,arabia4 ,by ,,john ,d4 ,,baldw91 ,memb] ( ! ,am]ican ,ori5tal ,society4 #abmo1 ,clo?1 #a #ge4 ,mr4 ,baldw9 has treat$ an int]e/+ subject ) great lucidity & bread?1 :ile 8 read+ & rese>* are app>5t on e page4--,exam9] & ,london ,review4 ,bo? in/ructive & sugge/ive4--,nation4 ,,sights ,,& ,,s5sations 9 ,france1 ,g]many1 & ,switz]l&2 or1 ,exp]i5ces ( an ,am]ican ,j\rnali/ 9 ,europe4 ,by ,,edw>d ,,g\ld ,,buffum1 ,au?or ( 8,six ,mon?s 9 ! ,gold ,m9es10 c4 #abmo1 ,clo?1 #a #ej4 99 99 99 ,a book at once ent]ta9+ & in/ructive4 99 99 99 ,fa%ionable t\ri/s :o are leav+ ?is port = a trip to ,europe w f9d ,mr4 ,buffum's 8,sights & ,s5sations 9 ,france1 ,g]many1 & ,switz]l&0 a delightful & s]viceable travel+ companion4 ,at ! same "t ! ?\s&s :o are to sp5d ! summ] at home1 ei!r 9 t[n1 9 ! c\ntry1 or on ! sea-%ore1 may1 by ! help ( ?is little book1 enjoy _m ( ! pleasures ( =eign travel :ile !y escape its annoyances4 99 99 99 ,x w d\btless be m he>tily welcom$ by ! public ?an any simil> "w :i* has appe>$4--,n4 ,y4 ,h]ald4 ,a refre%+ & ent]ta9+ book1 :i* w int]e/ e body4--,n4 ,y4 ,ev5+ ,mail4 ,mr4 ,buffum's /yle is rem>kably good & graphic1 & 8 descriptions ( ! sc5es he has witness$ are among ! be/ we h se5--s simple1 animat$1 & to ! po9t4 ,he seems to h _h a g5ius = obs]vation & ! happy managem5t ( facts1 & e ?+ he sees is di/9ctly se5 by ! read] z well4--,n4 ,y4 ,times4 ,x diff]s f ! common run ( books ( mod]n travel by look+ at life f a m practical--x might be said1 lit]al--side1 & by describ+ ?+s n (t5 t\*$ 9 a sp>kl+ & in/ructive way4--,conpregationali/4 ,x is "o's self walk+ ab\t1 z x 71 & say+ ^! ?+s 9 8 own e>s ) unexpect$ & mo/ admir$ clev]ness4 ,! /ory ( ! ,mont ,c5is ,tunnel is q ! be/ description ( t incr$ible miracle :i* has fall5 "u our obs]vation4 ,bad5-,bad5 & ,homburg seem z famili> to u1 on ?is bright travel]'s introduction1 z ,long ,bran* or ,rockaway1 & mu* m int]e/+4--,n4 ,y4 ,tribune4 ,,motley',s ,,dut* ,,republic4 ,! ,rise ( ! ,dut* ,republic4 ,a ,hi/ory4 ,by ,,john ,,lo?rop ,,motley1 ,,ll4,d41 ,d4,c4,l4 ,) a ,portrait ( ,william ( ,orange4 ,new ,edition4 #c vols41 #hvo1 ,clo?1 #aj #ej4 ,,motley',s ,,unit$ ,,ne!rl&s4 ,hi/ory ( ! ,unit$ ,ne!rl&s3 f ! ,dea? ( ,william ! ,sil5t to ! ,twelve ,ye>s' ,truce--#afji4 ,) a full ,view ( ! ,engli%-,dut* ,/ruggle aga9/ ,spa91 & ( ! ,orig9 & ,de/ruction ( ! ,spani% ,armada4 ,by ,,john ,,lo?rop ,,motley1 ,,ll4,d41 ,d4,c4,l4 ,new ,edition4 #d vols41 #hvo1 ,clo?1 #ad #jj4 ,,gre5wood',s ,,sev5 ,,curses ,,( ,,london4 ,! ,sev5 ,curses ( ,london4 ,by ,,james ,,gre5wood1 ! 8,amateur ,casual10 ,au?or ( 8,! ,true ,hi/ory ( a ,little ,ragamuff910 8,reub5 ,davidg]10 8,wild ,sports ( ! ,_w10 c4 #hvo1 ,pap]1 #be c5ts4 ,james ,gre5wood1 ! 8,amateur ,casual10 ^: revelations ( 8,a ,night 9 a ,workh\se0 creat$ s mu* excitem5t 9 ,engl& two or ?ree ye>s s9ce1 9 8,! ,sev5 ,curses ( ,london0 discloses _m />tl+ facts conc]n+ ! social life ( ! l[] classes4 ,! sev5 curses treat$ ( by ! au?or are3 ,i4 ,neglect$ ,*ildr52 ,,ii4 ,pr(essional ,?ieves2 ,,iii4 ,pr(essional ,begg>s2 ,,iv4 ,fall5 ,wom52 ,v4 ,! ,curse ( ,drunk5ness2 ,,vi4 ,bett+ ,gambl]s2 ,,vii4 ,wa/e ( ,*>ity4 ,,abbott',s ,,life ,,( ,,*ri/4 ,jesus ( ,naz>e?3 8 ,life & ,tea*+s2 f\nd$ on ! ,f\r ,gospels1 & ,illu/rat$ by ,ref]5ce to ! ,mann]s1 ,cu/oms1 ,religi\s ,beliefs1 & ,political ,in/itutions ( 8 ,times4 ,by ,,lyman ,,abbott4 ,) ,designs by ,dor1 ,de ,l>o*e1 ,f5n1 & o!rs4 ,cr[n #hvo1 ,clo?1 ,bevel$ ,edges1 #c #ej4 ,?is is rem>kable = its valuable endeavors1 fir/ to prep>e ! way = ! intellig5t compreh5sion ( ! life ( ! ,r$eem]1 by f\r prelim9>y *apt]s1 :i* discuss3 7#a7 ! peculi>ities1 physical & o!rwise1 ( ! ,holy ,l& itself2 7#b7 ! ,jewi% ,commonweal?1 its religi\s sanctions & moral precepts1 its judicial peculi>ities1 its measure ( popul> education1 its political economy1 its national ,*ur*1 & its ,scriptures2 7#c7 ! decay ( t ,commonweal?1 ! captivity1 & ! ,roman subjugation2 7#d7 ! civilization ( ! ,jews1 & ! :ole mann] ( _! dress1 food1 mann]s1 pursuits1 & daily life4 ,! way ?us be+ prep>$1 & ! backgr\nd pa9t$ 91 ! ,*ri/ is outl9$ & !n color$ ^u x1 f ,be?lehem to ,calv>y4 ,second1 = ! extremely fre% & int]e/+ way 9 :i* ! ev5ts ( ,*ri/'s life are told4 ,& ?ird1 = ! temp] ( ! book1 :i* is unaffect$ly writt5 f ! ,*ri/ian /&-po9t1 z ,r5an's 0 f t ( rationalism4--,congregationali/4 ,! simplicity ( ! plan specially pleases me4 ,yet y really accompli%1 9 its execution1 m ?an ,i f9d 9 "s o!r lives ( ,*ri/ :i* make a good deal m pret5sion4 ,y h hit ^u a v valuable comb9ation ( ,biblical res\rces ) rese>*es 9 relat$ fields4 ,x is a real pleasure to be able to turn to a life ( ,*ri/ :i* /imulates ?\ght & refre%es ! he>t4--,pr(4 ,,au/9 ,,phelps1 ( ,&ov]4 ,,bee*]',s 7,,h5ry ,,w>d7 ,,s]mons4 ,s]mons by ,,h5ry ,,w>d ,,bee*]1 ,plym\? ,*ur*1 ,brooklyn4 ,select$ f ,publi%$ & ,unpubli%$ ,disc\rses1 & ,revis$ by _! ,au?or4 ,9 two ,volumes1 ) ,/eel ,portrait by ,halp94 #hvo1 ,clo?1 #e #jj4 ,! publi%$ s]mons ( ! ,plym\? pa/or1 l w9d-waft$ se$1 h c>ri$ ! g]ms ( a new life to all qu>t]s ( ! _w1 & h awak5$ ! immortal long+s ( ! hunt] 9 8 prairie cab91 & ! sailor on ! di/ant sea4 ,no "o ne$s t we %\ld speak ( ! exub]ance ( illu/ration & ! felicity ( expression t make ^! books z fasc9at+ z ! pages ( old ,?omas ,full] or ! essays ( 8,elia40 ,e body has come "u ! glam\r ( ,mr4 ,bee*]'s /yle1 & e "o ( ^! pages ab\nds 9 8 peculi> beauties4 ,"h is no g>d51 b 7accord+ to ! au?or's own lavi% idea ( ! desirable7 a :ole prairie ( fl[]s4--,n4 ,y4 ,times4 ,judg$ z ! free utt]ance ( a great & lov+ he>t1 z ! spontane\s appeals ( a p[]ful1 emotional man1 /riv+ ) all 8 /r5g? to lift 8 he>]s f ! dom9ion ( s9 & sorr[ to ! highe/ & noble/ plane ( human feel+ & action1 _! wisdom & heal?ful influ5ce w be appreciat$3 :ile _! usefulness w be increas$ by ! fact t to s _m read]s ! writt5 ^w w be vivifi$ by ! recollection ( ! r++ voice1 ! vehem5t action1 & ! va/ am\nt ( magnetic en]gy :i* lies en*a9$ & inspir$ )9 ! auditorium ( ,plym\? ,*ur*4--,n4 ,y4 ,ev5+ ,po/4 ,,yonge',s ,,engli%-,,greek ,,lexicon3 ,conta9+ all ! ,greek ,words us$ by ,writ]s ( good ,au?ority1 9 ,*ronological ,ord]1 = e ,^w us$2 expla9+ ! ,con/ruction1 & giv+ ! ,decl5sion or ,conjugation ( ea* ,^w :5 ,irregul>1 & m>k+ ! ,quantities ( all ,d\btful ,syllables4 ,edit$1 ) l>ge ,additions1 by ,,h5ry ,,drisl]1 ,,ll4,d41 ,pr(essor ( ,lat9 9 ,columbia ,college1 ,n4 ,y4 ,royal #hvo1 ,%eep extra4 7,9 ,press47 ,,romance ,,( ,,spani% ,,hi/ory4 ,by ,,john ,s4 ,c4 ,,abbott1 ,au?or ( 8,! ,fr5* ,revolution10 8,! ,hi/ory ( ,napoleon ,bonap>te10 c4 ,) ,illu/rations4 #abmo1 ,clo?4 7,9 ,press47 ,,s&s',s ,,philosophy ,,( ,,tea*+4 ,! ,tea*]1 ! ,pupil1 ! ,s*ool4 ,by ,,na?aniel ,,s&s4 #hvo1 ,clo?1 #a #jj4 ,a ?\ghtful book on a subject ( ! highe/ importance4-- ,worce/] ,spy4 ,!re are _m excell5t sugge/ions 9 ?is little treatise ( ,mr4 ,s&s1 :o has evid5tly giv5 mu* ?\ght to ! philosophy & ! process ( education4 ,he w\ld h a radical *ange 9 ! sy/em ( tea*+1 by :i* !re %all be less /uff+ & m fe$+2 few] books1 & m ( ! liv+ in/ructor's ef=t4 ,x is a small volume1 b compact ) ?\ght4--,new ,b$=d ,m]cury4 99 99 99 ,conta9s _m valuable sugge/ions des]v+ ( e>ne/ consid]ation by p>5ts & tea*]s4 ,! "w ( ! tea*] is a high1 honorable1 & important "o4 ,education is ess5tial to ! /ability ( our in/itutions & ! success ( our indu/ries4 ,mr4 ,s&s w\ld develop1 n cram ! intellect2 he w\ld furni% ! nutrim5t necess>y to ! natural gr[? ( ! m9d1 n ret>d x by a =c+ process4 ,he w\ld place be=e ! s*ol> ! alim5t ( ev]yday life4 ,he w\ld tea* him practical sci5ce & useful art4 ,he w\ld op5 be=e him ! beauties ( ! _w1 & %[ him ! laws ( gr[? e :]e4 ,we are told n[ t dead languages are necess>y to ! discipl9e ( ! m9d1 & s we g back among ! catacombs & /udy ! laws ( spee* ( ! anci5t dep>t$4 ,^! laws are necess>y4 ,l+ui/ic sci5ce is "o ( ! mo/ valuable 9 ! _w4 ,b :y %\ld x be made ! basis ( educational sy/ems8 ,x is "t t sci5tific tra9+ %\ld be aw>d$ ! high place :i* ( "r belongs to x 9 m5tal culture1 & t l+ui/ic lore %\ld be left to its prop] sph]e1 z ! f\ndation simply ( ! k ( language & ! relations ( nations4--,albany ,ev5+ ,j\rnal4 ,,dixon',s ,,h] ,,maje/y',s ,,t[]4 ,h] ,maje/y's ,t[]4 ,hi/oric ,/udies 9 ! ,t[] ( ,london4 ,) ,frontispiece ,plan ( ! ,t[]4 ,by ,,wm4 ,,hepwor? ,,dixon4 l#bmo1 ,clo?1 #fj c5ts4 ,a valuable & attractive addition to our hi/orical lit]ature3 "o :i*1 f ! nature ( its mat]ials & its bright & vivid me?od ( treatm5t1 is c]ta9 to int]e/ z well z to in/ruct ! read]4--,london ,review4 ,f fir/ to la/1 ?is volume ov]fl[s ) new in=mation & orig9al ?\ght1 ) poetry & picture4 ,9 ^! fasc9at+ pages ,mr4 ,dixon dis*>ges alt]nately ! functions ( ! hi/orian & ! hi/oric biograph]1 ) ! insight1 art1 humor1 & accurate k :i* nev] fail him4--,morn+ ,po/4 ,,?omson',s 7,w4 ,m47 ,,l& ,,& ,,book4 ,! ,l& & ! ,book2 or1 ,biblical ,illu/rations drawn f ! ,mann]s & ,cu/oms1 ! ,sc5es & ! ,sc5]y ( ! ,holy ,l&4 ,by ,w4 ,m4 ,,?omson1 ,d4,d41 ,tw5ty-five ,ye>s a ,mission>y ( ! ,a4,b4,c4,f4,m4 9 ,syria & ,pale/9e4 ,) two elaborate ,maps ( ,pale/9e1 an accurate ,plan ( ,j]usalem1 & sev]al ,hundr$ ,engrav+s1 repres5t+ ! ,sc5]y1 ,topography1 & ,productions ( ! ,holy ,l&1 & ! ,co/umes1 ,mann]s1 & ,habits ( ! ,p4 ,two elegant ,l>ge l#bmo ,volumes1 ,clo?1 #e #jj4 7,new ,edition1 j ,ready47 ,,valuable ,,/&>d ,,works ,,= ,,public ,,& ,,private ,,libr>ies1 ,,publi%$ ,,by ,,h>p] ,,bro!rs1 ,,new ,,york4 ,= a full ,li/ ( ,books suitable = ,libr>ies1 see ,,h>p] ,,bro!rs' ,,trade-,,li/ & ,,catalogue1 :i* may be _h gratuit\sly on application to ! ,publi%]s p]sonally1 or by lett] enclos+ ,five ,c5ts4 ,,h>p] ,,bro!rs w s5d any ( ! foll[+ works by mail1 po/age prepaid1 to any "p ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 on receipt ( ! price4 ,,motley',s ,,dut* ,,republic4 ,! ,rise ( ! ,dut* ,republic4 ,a ,hi/ory4 ,by ,,john ,,lo?rop ,,motley1 ,,ll4,d41 ,d4,c4,l4 ,) a ,portrait ( ,william ( ,orange4 #c vols41 #hvo1 ,clo?1 #aj #ej4 ,,motley',s ,,unit$ ,,ne!rl&s4 ,hi/ory ( ! ,unit$ ,ne!rl&s3 f ! ,dea? ( ,william ! ,sil5t to ! ,twelve ,ye>s' ,truce--#afji4 ,) a full ,view ( ! ,engli%-,dut* ,/ruggle aga9/ ,spa91 & ( ! ,orig9 & ,de/ruction ( ! ,spani% ,armada4 ,by ,,john ,,lo?rop ,,motley1 ,,ll4,d41 ,d4,c4,l41 ,au?or ( 8,! ,rise ( ! ,dut* ,republic40 ,portraits4 #d vols41 #hvo1 ,clo?1 #ad #jj4 ,,abbott',s ,,life ,,( ,,*ri/4 ,jesus ( ,naz>e?3 8 ,life & ,tea*+s2 ,f\nd$ on ! ,f\r ,gospels1 & ,illu/rat$ by ,ref]5ce to ! ,mann]s1 ,cu/oms1 ,religi\s ,beliefs1 & ,political ,in/itutions ( 8 ,times4 ,by ,,lyman ,,abbott4 ,) ,designs by ,dor1 ,de ,l>o*e1 ,f5n1 & o!rs4 ,cr[n #hvo1 ,clo?1 ,bevel$ ,edges1 #c #ej4 ,,napoleon',s ,,life ,,( ,c,,s>4 ,! ,hi/ory ( ,julius ,cs>4 ,by ,8 ,imp]ial ,maje/y ,,napoleon ,,iii4 ,volumes ,i4 & ,,ii4 n[ ready4 ,libr>y ,edition1 #hvo1 ,clo?1 #c #ej p] vol4 ,maps to ,vols4 ,i4 & ,,ii4 sold sep>ately4 ,price #a #ej ea*1 ,,net4 ,,h5ry ,,w>d ,,bee*]',s ,,s]mons4 ,s]mons by ,,h5ry ,,w>d ,,bee*]1 ,plym\? ,*ur*1 ,brooklyn4 ,select$ f ,publi%$ & ,unpubli%$ ,disc\rses1 & ,revis$ by _! ,au?or4 ,) ,/eel ,portrait by ,halp94 ,complete 9 ,two ,vols41 #hvo1 ,clo?1 #e #jj4 ,,lyman ,,bee*]',s ,,autobiography1 c4 ,autobiography1 ,correspond5ce1 c41 ( ,lyman ,bee*]1 ,d4,d4 ,edit$ by 8 ,son1 ,,*>les ,,bee*]4 ,) ,?ree ,/eel ,portraits1 & ,engrav+s on ,wood4 ,9 ,two ,vols41 #abmo1 ,clo?1 #e #jj4 ,,baldw9',s ,,pre-,,hi/oric ,,nations4 ,pre-,hi/oric ,nations2 or1 ,inquiries conc]n+ "s ( ! ,great ,peoples & ,civilizations ( ,antiquity1 & _! ,probable ,relation to a /ill ,old] ,civilization ( ! ,e?iopians or ,cu%ites ( ,arabia4 ,by ,,john ,d4 ,,baldw91 ,memb] ( ! ,am]ican ,ori5tal ,society4 #abmo1 ,clo?1 #a #ge4 ,,:ymp]',s ,,alaska4 ,travel & ,adv5ture 9 ! ,t]ritory ( ,alaska1 =m]ly ,russian ,am]ica--n[ ,c$$ to ! ,unit$ ,/ates--& 9 v>i\s o!r p>ts ( ! ,nor? ,pacific4 ,by ,,fr$]ick ,,:ymp]4 ,) ,map & ,illu/rations4 ,cr[n #hvo1 ,clo?1 #b #ej4 ,,dilke',s ,,great] ,,brita94 ,great] ,brita93 a ,record ( ,travel 9 ,engli%-speak+ ,c\ntries dur+ #ahff & #ahfg4 ,by ,,*>les ,,w5twor? ,,dilke4 ,) ,maps & ,illu/rations4 #abmo1 ,clo?1 #a #jj4 ,,al=d',s ,,greek ,,te/am5t4 ,! ,greek ,te/am5t3 ) a critically-revis$ ,text2 a ,dige/ ( ,v>i\s ,read+s2 ,m>g9al ,ref]5ces to ,v]bal & ,idiomatic ,usage2 ,prolegom5a2 & a ,critical & ,exegetical ,comm5t>y4 ,= ! ,use ( ,!ological ,/ud5ts & ,m9i/]s4 ,by ,,h5ry ,,al=d1 ,d4,d41 ,dean ( ,cant]bury4 ,vol4 ,i41 conta9+ ! ,f\r ,gospels4 #idd pages1 #hvo1 ,clo?1 #f #jj2 ,%eep1 #f #ej4 ,,loss+',s ,,field-,,book ,,( ,,! ,,w> ,,( #ahab4 ,pictorial ,field-,book ( ! ,w> ( #ahab2 or1 ,illu/rations1 by ,p5 & ,p5cil1 ( ! ,hi/ory1 ,biography1 ,sc5]y1 ,relics1 & ,traditions ( ! ,la/ ,w> = ,am]ican ,indep5d5ce4 ,by ,,b5son ,j4 ,,loss+4 ,) sev]al hundr$ ,engrav+s on ,wood1 by ,loss+ & ,b>ritt1 *iefly f ,orig9al ,sket*es by ! ,au?or4 #ajhh pages1 #hvo1 ,clo?1 #g #jj4 ,,loss+',s ,,field-,,book ,,( ,,! ,,revolution4 ,pictorial ,field-,book ( ! ,revolution2 or1 ,illu/rations1 by ,p5 & ,p5cil1 ( ! ,hi/ory1 ,biography1 ,sc5]y1 ,relics1 & ,traditions ( ! ,w> = ,indep5d5ce4 ,by ,,b5son ,j4 ,,loss+4 #b vols41 #hvo1 ,clo?1 #ad #jj2 ,%eep1 #ae #jj2 ,half ,calf1 #ah #jj2 ,full ,turkey ,morocco1 #bb #jj4 ,,:ite',s ,,massacre ,,( ,,/4 ,,b>?olomew4 ,! ,massacre ( ,/4 ,b>?olomew3 ,prec$$ by a ,hi/ory ( ! ,religi\s ,w>s 9 ! ,reign ( ,*>les ,,ix4 ,by ,,h5ry ,,:ite1 ,m4,a4 ,) ,illu/rations4 #hvo1 ,clo?1 #a #ge4 ,,smiles',s ,,self-,,help4 ,self-,help2 ) ,illu/rations ( ,"* & ,conduct4 ,by ,,samuel ,,smiles4 #abmo1 ,clo?1 #a #be4 ,,smiles',s ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,! ,,hugu5ots4 ,! ,hugu5ots3 _! ,settlem5ts1 ,*ur*es1 & ,indu/ries 9 ,engl& & ,irel&4 ,by ,,samuel ,,smiles1 ,au?or ( 8,self-,help10 c4 ,) an ,app5dix relat+ to ! ,hugu5ots 9 ,am]ica4 ,cr[n #hvo1 ,clo?1 ,bevel$1 #a #ge4 ,,abbott',s ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,! ,,fr5* ,,revolution4 ,! ,fr5* ,revolution ( #aghi1 z view$ 9 ! ,light ( ,republican ,in/itutions4 ,by ,,john ,s4 ,c4 ,,abbott4 ,) #ajj ,engrav+s4 #hvo1 ,clo?1 #e #jj4 ,,abbott',s ,,napoleon ,,bonap>te4 ,! ,hi/ory ( ,napoleon ,bonap>te4 ,by ,,john ,s4 ,c4 ,,abbott4 ,) ,maps1 ,woodcuts1 & ,portraits on ,/eel4 #b vols41 #hvo1 ,clo?1 #aj #jj4 ,,abbott',s ,,napoleon ,,at ,,/4 ,,hel5a2 or1 ,int]e/+ ,anecdotes & ,rem>kable ,conv]sations ( ! ,emp]or dur+ ! ,five & a ,half ,ye>s ( 8 ,captivity4 ,collect$ f ! ,memorials ( ,las ,casas1 ,o',me>a1 ,mon?olon1 ,antomm>*i1 & o!rs4 ,by ,,john ,s4 ,c4 ,,abbott4 ,) ,illu/rations4 #hvo1 ,clo?1 #e #jj4 ,,addison',s ,,complete ,,works4 ,! ,works ( ,joseph ,addison1 embrac+ ! :ole ( ! 8,spectator40 ,complete 9 #c vols41 #hvo1 ,clo?1 #f #jj4 ,,alcock',s ,,japan4 ,! ,capital ( ! ,tycoon3 a ,n>rative ( a ,?ree ,ye>s' ,resid5ce 9 ,japan4 ,by ,sir ,,ru!r=d ,,alcock1 ,k4,c4,b41 ,h] ,maje/y's ,envoy ,extraord9>y & ,m9i/] ,pl5ipot5ti>y 9 ,japan4 ,) ,maps & ,engrav+s4 #b vols41 #abmo1 ,clo?1 #c #ej4 ,,alison',s ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,europe4 ,,fir/ ,,s]ies3 ,f ! ,comm5cem5t ( ! ,fr5* ,revolution1 9 #aghi1 to ! ,re/oration ( ! ,b\rbons1 9 #ahae4 ,9 addition to ! ,notes on ,*apt] ,,lxxvi41 :i* correct ! errors ( ! orig9al "w conc]n+ ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 a copi\s ,analytical ,index has be5 app5d$ to ?is ,am]ican edition4 ,,second ,,s]ies3 ,f ! ,fall ( ,napoleon1 9 #ahae1 to ! ,accession ( ,l\is ,napoleon1 9 #aheb4 #h vols41 #hvo1 ,clo?1 #af #jj4 ,,drap]',s ,,civil ,,w>4 ,hi/ory ( ! ,am]ican ,civil ,w>4 ,by ,,john ,w4 ,,drap]1 ,m4,d41 ,,ll4,d41 ,pr(essor ( ,*emi/ry & ,physiology 9 ! ,univ]sity ( ,new ,york4 ,9 ,?ree ,vols4 ,vol4 ,,ii4 j publi%$4 #hvo1 ,clo?1 #c #ej p] vol4 ,,drap]',s ,,intellectual ,,developm5t ,,( ,,europe4 ,a ,hi/ory ( ! ,intellectual ,developm5t ( ,europe4 ,by ,,john ,w4 ,,drap]1 ,m4,d41 ,,ll4,d41 ,pr(essor ( ,*emi/ry & ,physiology 9 ! ,univ]sity ( ,new ,york4 #hvo1 ,clo?1 #e #jj4 ,,drap]',s ,,am]ican ,,civil ,,policy4 ,?\ghts on ! ,future ,civil ,policy ( ,am]ica4 ,by ,,john ,w4 ,,drap]1 ,m4,d41 ,,ll4,d4 ,pr(essor ( ,*emi/ry & ,physiology 9 ! ,univ]sity ( ,new ,york1 ,au?or ( a 8,treatise on ,human ,physiology10 8,a ,hi/ory ( ! ,intellectual ,developm5t ( ,europe10 c4 ,cr[n #hvo1 ,clo?1 #b #ej4 ,,bancr(t',s ,,miscellanies4 ,lit]>y & ,hi/orical ,miscellanies4 ,by ,,george ,,bancr(t4 #hvo1 ,clo?1 #c #jj4 ,,b>?',s ,,nor? ,,& ,,c5tral ,,africa4 ,travels & ,discov]ies 9 ,nor? & ,c5tral ,africa3 be+ a ,j\rnal ( an ,exp$ition und]tak5 "u ! ,auspices ( ,h4,b4,m4's ,gov]nm5t1 9 ! ,ye>s #ahdi-ahee4 ,by ,,h5ry ,,b>?1 ,ph4,d41 ,d4,c4,l4 ,illu/rat$4 ,complete 9 ,?ree ,vols41 #hvo1 ,clo?1 #ab #jj4 ,,bell[s',s ,,old ,,_w4 ,! ,old ,_w 9 its ,new ,face3 ,impressions ( ,europe 9 #ahfg-ahfh4 ,by ,,h5ry ,w4 ,,bell[s4 #b vols41 #abmo1 ,clo?1 #c #ej4 ,,boswell',s ,,johnson4 ,! ,life ( ,samuel ,johnson4 ,,ll4,d4 ,includ+ a ,j\rney to ! ,hebrides4 ,by ,,james ,,boswell1 ,esq4 ,a ,new ,edition1 ) num]\s ,additions & ,notes4 ,by ,,john ,,wilson ,,crok]1 ,,ll4,d41 ,f4,r4,s4 ,portrait ( ,boswell4 #b vols41 #hvo1 ,clo?1 #d #jj4 ,,brodhead',s ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,new ,,york4 ,hi/ory ( ! ,/ate ( ,new ,york4 ,by ,,john ,,romeyn ,,brodhead4 ,fir/ ,p]iod1 #afji-affd4 #hvo1 ,clo?1 #c #jj4 ,,bulw]',s ,,prose ,,works4 ,miscellane\s ,prose ,works ( ,edw>d ,bulw]1 ,"l ,lytton4 ,9 ,two ,vols4 #abmo1 ,clo?1 #c #ej4 ,,burns',s ,,life ,,& ,,works4 ,! ,life & ,works ( ,rob]t ,burns4 ,edit$ by ,,rob]t ,,*amb]s4 #d vols41 #abmo1 ,clo?1 #f #jj4 ,,c>lyle',s ,,fr$]ick ,,! ,,great4 ,hi/ory ( ,fri$ri* ,,ii41 call$ ,fr$]ick ! ,great4 ,by ,,?omas ,,c>lyle4 ,portraits1 ,maps1 ,plans1 c4 #f vols41 #abmo1 ,clo?1 #ab #jj4 ,,c>lyle',s ,,fr5* ,,revolution4 ,hi/ory ( ! ,fr5* ,revolution4 ,newly ,revis$ by ! ,au?or1 ) ,index1 c4 #b vols41 #abmo1 ,clo?1 #c #ej4 ,,c>lyle',s ,,oliv] ,,cromwell4 ,lett]s & ,spee*es ( ,oliv] ,cromwell4 ,) ,elucidations & ,connect+ ,n>rative4 #b vols41 #abmo1 ,clo?1 #c #ej4 ,,*alm]s',s ,,po/hum\s ,,works4 ,! ,po/hum\s ,works ( ,dr4 ,*alm]s4 ,edit$ by 8 ,son-9-,law1 ,rev4 ,,william ,,hanna1 ,,ll4,d4 ,complete 9 ,n9e ,vols41 #abmo1 ,clo?1 #ac #ej4 ,,clayton',s ,,que5s ,,( ,,song4 ,que5s ( ,song3 be+ ,memoirs ( "s ( ! mo/ celebrat$ ,female ,vocali/s :o h p]=m$ on ! ,lyric ,/age f ! ,e>lie/ ,days ( ,op]a to ! ,pres5t ,"t4 ,to :i* is add$ a ,*ronological ,li/ ( all ! ,op]as t h be5 p]=m$ 9 ,europe4 ,by ,,ell5 ,,crea?orne ,,clayton4 ,) ,portraits4 #hvo1 ,clo?1 #c #jj4 ,,col]idge',s ,,complete ,,works4 ,! ,complete ,works ( ,samuel ,taylor ,col]idge4 ,) an ,introductory ,essay ^u 8 ,philosophical & ,!ological ,op9ions4 ,edit$ by ,pr(essor ,,%$d4 ,complete 9 ,sev5 ,vols4 ,) a f9e ,portrait4 ,small #hvo1 ,clo?1 #aj #ej4 ,,curtis',s ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,! ,,con/itution4 ,hi/ory ( ! ,orig91 ,=mation1 & ,adoption ( ! ,con/itution ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,by ,,george ,,ticknor ,,curtis4 ,complete 9 ,two l>ge & h&some ,octavo ,volumes1 ,clo?1 #f #jj4 ,,du ,,*aillu',s ,,africa4 ,explorations & ,adv5tures 9 ,equatorial ,africa3 ) ,acc\nts ( ! ,mann]s & ,cu/oms ( ! ,p1 & ( ! ,*ase ( ! ,gorilla1 ! ,crocodile1 ,leop>d1 ,elephant1 ,hippopotamus1 & o!r ,animals4 ,by ,,paul ,b4 ,,du ,,*aillu1 ,correspond+ ,memb] ( ! ,am]ican ,e?nological ,society2 ( ! ,geographical & ,/ati/ical ,society ( ,new ,york2 & ( ! ,bo/on ,society ( ,natural ,hi/ory4 ,) num]\s ,illu/rations4 #hvo1 ,clo?1 #e #jj4 ,,du ,,*aillu',s ,,a%ango ,,l&4 ,a ,j\rney to ,a%ango ,l&3 & ,fur!r ,p5etration into ,equatorial ,africa4 ,by ,,paul ,b4 ,,du ,,*aillu1 ,au?or ( 8,discov]ies 9 ,equatorial ,africa10 c4 ,new ,edition4 ,h&somely ,illu/rat$4 #hvo1 ,clo?1 #e #jj4 ,,davis',s ,,c>?age4 ,c>?age & h] ,rema9s3 be+ an ,acc\nt ( ! ,excavations & ,rese>*es on ! ,site ( ! ,phnician ,metropolis 9 ,africa & o!r adjac5t ,places4 ,conduct$ "u ! ,auspices ( ,h] ,maje/y's ,gov]nm5t4 ,by ,dr4 ,,davis1 ,f4,r4,g4,s4 ,pr(usely ,illu/rat$ ) ,maps1 ,woodcuts1 ,*romo-,li?ographs1 c4 #hvo1 ,clo?1 #d #jj4 ,,doolittle',s ,,*9a4 ,social ,life ( ! ,*9ese3 ) "s ,acc\nt ( _! ,religi\s1 ,gov]nm5tal1 ,educational1 & ,bus9ess ,cu/oms & ,op9ions4 ,) special b n exclusive ,ref]5ce to ,fuh*au4 ,by ,rev4 ,,ju/us ,,doolittle1 ,f\rte5 ,ye>s ,memb] ( ! ,fuh*au ,mission ( ! ,am]ican ,bo>d4 ,illu/rat$ ) m ?an #aej *>act]i/ic ,engrav+s on ,wood4 #b vols41 #abmo1 ,clo?1 #e #jj4 ,,edgewor?',s 7,,miss7 ,,novels4 ,) ,engrav+s4 #aj vols41 #abmo1 ,clo?1 #ae #jj4 ,,gibbon',s ,,rome4 ,hi/ory ( ! ,decl9e & ,fall ( ! ,roman ,empire4 ,by ,,edw>d ,,gibbon4 ,) ,notes by ,rev4 ,h4 ,h4 ,,milman & ,m4 ,,guizot4 ,a new *eap ,edition4 ,to :i* is add$ a complete ,index ( ! :ole ,"w1 & a ,portrait ( ! ,au?or4 #f vols41 #abmo 7uni=m ) ,hume71 ,clo?1 #i #jj4 ,,grote',s ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,greece4 #ab vols41 #abmo1 ,clo?1 #ah #jj4 ,,hale',s 7,,mrs47 ,,woman',s ,,record4 ,woman's ,record2 or1 ,biographical ,sket*es ( all ,di/+ui%$ ,wom51 f ! ,creation to ! ,pres5t ,"t4 ,arrang$ 9 ,f\r ,eras1 ) ,selections f ,female ,writ]s ( ea* ,era4 ,by ,mrs4 ,,s>ah ,,josepha ,,hale4 ,illu/rat$ ) m ?an #bjj ,portraits4 #hvo1 ,clo?1 #e #jj4 ,,hall',s ,,arctic ,,rese>*es4 ,arctic ,rese>*es & ,life among ! ,esquimaux3 be+ ! ,n>rative ( an ,exp$ition 9 ,se>* ( ,sir ,john ,frankl91 9 ! ,ye>s #ahfj1 #ahfa1 & #ahfb4 ,by ,,*>les ,,francis ,,hall4 ,) ,maps & #ajj ,illu/rations4 ,! ,illu/rations are f ,orig9al ,draw+s by ,*>les ,p>sons1 ,h5ry ,l4 ,/eph5s1 ,solomon ,eyt+e1 ,w4 ,s4 ,l4 ,jewett1 & ,granville ,p]k9s1 aft] ,sket*es by ,capta9 ,hall4 ,a ,new ,edition4 #hvo1 ,clo?1 ,bevel$ ,edges1 #e #jj4 ,,hallam',s ,,con/itutional ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,engl&1 f ! ,accession ( ,h5ry ,,vii4 to ! ,dea? ( ,george ,,ii4 #hvo1 ,clo?1 #b #jj4 ,,hallam',s ,,lit]ature4 ,introduction to ! ,lit]ature ( ,europe dur+ ! ,fifte5?1 ,sixte5?1 & ,sev5te5? ,c5turies4 ,by ,,h5ry ,,hallam4 #b vols41 #hvo1 ,clo?1 #d #jj4 ,,hallam',s ,,middle ,,ages4 ,/ate ( ,europe dur+ ! ,middle ,ages4 ,by ,,h5ry ,,hallam4 #hvo1 ,clo?1 #b #jj4 ,,hildre?',s ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,! ,,unit$ ,,/ates4 ,,fir/ ,,s]ies3 ,f ! ,fir/ ,settlem5t ( ! ,c\ntry to ! ,adoption ( ! ,f$]al ,con/itution4 ,,second ,,s]ies3 ,f ! ,adoption ( ! ,f$]al ,con/itution to ! ,end ( ! ,sixte5? ,congress4 #f vols41 #hvo1 ,clo?1 #ah #jj4 ,,hume',s ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,engl&4 ,hi/ory ( ,engl&1 f ! ,invasion ( ,julius ,cs> to ! ,abdication ( ,james ,,ii41 #afhh4 ,by ,,david ,,hume4 ,a new ,edition1 ) ! ,au?or's la/ ,corrections & ,improvem5ts4 ,to :i* is ,prefix$ a %ort ,acc\nt ( 8 ,life1 writt5 by ,himself4 ,) a ,portrait ( ! ,au?or4 #f vols41 #abmo1 ,clo?1 #i #jj4 ,,h>p]',s ,,pictorial ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,! ,,rebellion4 ,h>p]'s ,pictorial ,hi/ory ( ! ,great ,rebellion 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,) ne>ly #ajjj ,illu/rations4 ,9 ,two ,vols41 #dto4 ,price #f #jj p] vol4 ,,h>p]',s ,,new ,,classical ,,libr>y4 ,lit]al ,translations4 ,! foll[+ ,volumes are n[ ready4 ,portraits4 l#bmo1 ,clo?1 #a #ej ea*4 ,c,,s>4 ,,virgil4 ,,sallu/4 ,,horace4 ,,cic]o',s ,,orations4 ,,cic]o',s ,,(fices1 c4 ,,cic]o ,,on ,,oratory ,,& ,,orators4 ,,tacitus4 #b vols4 ,,t]5ce4 ,,sophocles4 ,,juv5al4 ,,x5ophon4 ,,hom]',s ,,iliad4 ,,hom]',s ,,odyssey4 ,,h]odotus4 ,,demo/h5es4 ,,?ucydides4 ,,s*ylus4 ,,euripides4 #b vols4 ,,helps',s ,,spani% ,,conque/4 ,! ,spani% ,conque/ 9 ,am]ica1 & its ,relation to ! ,hi/ory ( ,slav]y & to ! ,gov]nm5t ( ,colonies4 ,by ,,ar?ur ,,helps4 ,complete 9 ,f\r ,volumes4 #abmo1 ,clo?1 #f #jj4 ,,jay',s ,,works4 ,complete ,works ( ,rev4 ,william ,jay3 compris+ 8 ,s]mons1 ,family ,disc\rses1 ,morn+ & ,ev5+ ,ex]cises = e ,day 9 ! ,ye>1 ,family ,pray]s1 c4 ,au?or's enl>g$ ,edition1 revis$4 #c vols41 #hvo1 ,clo?1 #f #jj4 ,,johnson',s ,,complete ,,works4 ,! ,works ( ,samuel ,johnson1 ,,ll4,d4 ,) an ,essay on 8 ,life & ,g5ius1 by ,,ar?ur ,,murphy1 ,esq4 ,portrait ( ,johnson4 #b vols41 #hvo1 ,clo?1 #d #jj4 ,,k+lake',s ,,crimean ,,w>4 ,! ,invasion ( ! ,crimea1 & an ,acc\nt ( its ,progress d[n to ! ,dea? ( ,"l ,raglan4 ,by ,,alex&] ,,william ,,k+lake4 ,) ,maps & ,plans4 ,two ,vols4 ready4 l#bmo1 ,clo?1 #b #jj p] vol4 ,,krumma*]',s ,,david1 ,,k+ ,,( ,,israel4 ,david1 ! ,k+ ( ,israel3 a ,portrait drawn f ,bible ,hi/ory & ! ,book ( ,psalms4 ,by ,,fr$]ick ,,william ,,krumma*]1 ,d4,d41 ,au?or ( 8,elijah ! ,ti%bite10 c4 ,translat$ "u ! express ,sanction ( ! ,au?or by ! ,rev4 ,m4 ,g4 ,,ea/on1 ,m4,a4 ,) a ,lett] f ,dr4 ,krumma*] to 8 ,am]ican ,read]s1 & a ,portrait4 #abmo1 ,clo?1 #a #ge4 ,,lamb',s ,,complete ,,works4 ,! ,works ( ,*>les ,lamb4 ,compris+ 8 ,lett]s1 ,poems1 ,essays ( ,elia1 ,essays ^u ,%akspe>e1 ,hog>?1 c41 & a ,sket* ( 8 ,life1 ) ! ,f9al ,memorials1 by ,t4 ,,noon ,,talf\rd4 ,portrait4 #b vols41 l#bmo1 ,clo?1 #c #jj4 ,,m>cy',s ,,army ,,life ,,on ,,! ,,bord]4 ,?irty ,ye>s ( ,army ,life on ! ,bord]4 ,compris+ ,descriptions ( ! ,indian ,nomads ( ! ,pla9s2 ,explorations ( ,new ,t]ritory2 a ,trip across ! ,rocky ,m\nta9s 9 ! ,w9t]2 ,descriptions ( ! ,habits ( ,diff]5t ,animals f\nd 9 ! ,we/1 & ! ,me?ods ( ,hunt+ !m2 ) ,incid5ts 9 ! ,life ( ,diff]5t ,fronti] ,m51 c41 c4 ,by ,brevet ,brigadi]-,g5]al ,r4 ,b4 ,,m>cy1 ,u4,s4,a41 ,au?or ( 8,! ,prairie ,travell]40 ,) num]\s ,illu/rations4 #hvo1 ,clo?1 ,bevel$ ,edges1 #c #jj4 ,,loomis',s ,,meteorology4 ,a ,treatise on ,meteorology4 ,) a ,collection ( ,meteorological ,tables4 ,by ,,elias ,,loomis1 ,,ll4,d41 ,pr(essor ( ,natural ,philosophy & ,a/ronomy 9 ,yale ,college1 & ,au?or ( a 8,c\rse ( ,ma!matics40 #hvo1 ,%eep extra1 #b #jj4 ,m',,cl9tock ,,/rong',s ,,cyclop,,dia4 ,cyclopdia ( ,biblical1 ,!ological1 & ,ecclesia/ical ,lit]ature4 ,prep>$ by ! ,rev4 ,,john ,m',,cl9tock1 ,d4,d41 & ,,james ,,/rong1 ,s4,t4,d4 ,vol4 ,,ii4 n[ ready4 ,royal #hvo4 ,price p] vol41 ,clo?1 #e #jj2 ,%eep1 #f #jj2 ,half ,morocco1 #h #jj4 ,,macaulay',s ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,engl&4 ,! ,hi/ory ( ,engl& f ! ,accession ( ,james ,,ii4 ,by ,,?omas ,,bab+ton ,,macaulay4 ,) an ,orig9al ,portrait ( ! ,au?or4 #e vols41 #hvo1 ,clo?1 #aj #jj2 #abmo1 ,clo?1 #g #ej4 ,,liv+/one',s ,,s\? ,,africa4 ,mission>y ,travels & ,rese>*es 9 ,s\? ,africa2 includ+ a ,sket* ( ,sixte5 ,ye>s' ,resid5ce 9 ! ,int]ior ( ,africa1 & a ,j\rney f ! ,cape ( ,good ,hope to ,lo&o on ! ,we/ ,coa/2 !nce across ! ,cont95t1 d[n ! ,riv] ,zambesi1 to ! ,ea/]n ,ocean4 ,by ,,david ,,liv+/one1 ,,ll4,d41 ,d4,c4,l4 ,) ,portrait1 ,maps by ,arr[smi?1 & num]\s ,illu/rations4 #hvo1 ,clo?1 #d #ej4 ,,liv+/one',s ,,zambesi4 ,n>rative ( an ,exp$ition to ! ,zambesi & its ,tribut>ies1 & ( ! ,discov]y ( ! ,lakes ,%irwa & ,nyassa4 #aheh-ahfd4 ,by ,,david & ,,*>les ,,liv+/one4 ,) ,map & ,illu/rations4 #hvo1 ,clo?1 #e #jj4 ,,mo%elm',s ,,ecclesia/ical ,,hi/ory1 ,anci5t & ,mod]n2 9 :i* ! ,rise1 ,progress1 & ,v>iation ( ,*ur* ,p[] are consid]$ 9 _! ,connection ) ! ,/ate ( ,le>n+ & ,philosophy1 & ! ,political ,hi/ory ( ,europe dur+ t ,p]iod4 ,translat$1 ) ,notes1 c41 by ,a4 ,,macla9e1 ,d4,d4 ,a new ,edition1 cont9u$ to #ahbf1 by ,c4 ,,coote1 ,,ll4,d4 #b vols41 #hvo1 ,clo?1 #d #jj4 ,,nevius',s ,,*9a4 ,*9a & ! ,*9ese3 a ,g5]al ,description ( ! ,c\ntry & its ,inhabitants2 its ,civilization & ,=m ( ,gov]nm5t2 its ,religi\s & ,social ,in/itutions2 its ,int]c\rse ) o!r ,nations2 & its ,pres5t ,condition & ,prospects4 ,by ! ,rev4 ,,john ,l4 ,,nevius1 ,t5 ,ye>s a ,mission>y 9 ,*9a4 ,) a ,map & ,illu/rations4 #abmo1 ,clo?1 #a #ge4 ,,ol9',s 7,,dr47 ,,life ,,& ,,lett]s4 #b vols41 #abmo1 ,clo?1 #c #jj4 ,,ol9',s 7,,dr47 ,,travels4 ,travels 9 ,egypt1 ,arabia ,petra1 & ! ,holy ,l&4 ,engrav+s4 #b vols41 #hvo1 ,clo?1 #c #jj4 ,,ol9',s 7,,dr47 ,,works4 ,! ,works ( ,/eph5 ,ol91 ,d4,d41 late ,presid5t ( ! ,wesleyan ,univ]sity4 #b vols41 #abmo1 ,clo?1 #c #jj4 ,,oliphant',s ,,*9a ,,& ,,japan4 ,n>rative ( ! ,e>l ( ,elg9's ,mission to ,*9a & ,japan1 9 ! ,ye>s #aheg1 '#eh1 '#ei4 ,by ,,laur5ce ,,oliphant1 ,private ,secret>y to ,"l ,elg94 ,illu/rations4 #hvo1 ,clo?1 #c #ej4 ,,oliphant',s 7,,mrs47 ,,life ,,( ,,edw>d ,,irv+4 ,! ,life ( ,edw>d ,irv+1 ,m9i/] ( ! ,national ,scot* ,*ur*1 ,london4 ,illu/rat$ by 8 ,j\rnals & ,correspond5ce4 ,by ,mrs4 ,,oliphant4 ,portrait4 #hvo1 ,clo?1 #c #ej4 ,,page',s ,,la ,,plata4 ,la ,plata3 ! ,arg5t9e ,conf$]ation & ,p>aguay4 ,be+ a ,n>rative ( ! ,exploration ( ! ,tribut>ies ( ! ,riv] ,la ,plata & ,adjac5t ,c\ntries1 dur+ ! ,ye>s #ahec1 '#ed1 '#ee1 & '#ef1 "u ! ord]s ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,gov]nm5t4 ,by ,,?omas ,j4 ,,page1 ,u4,s4,n41 ,comm&] ( ! ,exp$ition4 ,) ,map & num]\s ,engrav+s4 #hvo1 ,clo?1 #e #jj4 ,,poets ,,( ,,! ,,n9ete5? ,,c5tury4 ,! ,poets ( ! ,n9ete5? ,c5tury4 ,select$ & ,edit$ by ! ,rev4 ,,rob]t ,,aris ,,willmott4 ,) ,engli% & ,am]ican ,additions1 arrang$ by ,,ev]t ,a4 ,,duyck9ck1 ,editor ( 8,cyclopdia ( ,am]ican ,lit]ature40 ,compris+ ,selections f ! greate/ ,au?ors ( ! ,age4 ,sup]bly ,illu/rat$ ) #acb ,engrav+s f ,designs by ! mo/ ,em95t ,arti/s4 ,9 elegant ,small #dto =m1 pr9t$ on ,sup]f9e ,t9t$ ,pap]1 ri*ly b\nd 9 extra ,clo?1 ,bevel$1 ,gilt ,edges1 #f #jj2 ,half ,calf1 #f #jj2 ,full ,turkey ,morocco1 #aj #jj4 ,,prime',s ,,co9s1 ,,m$als1 ,,& ,,seals4 ,co9s1 ,m$als1 & ,seals1 ,anci5t & ,mod]n4 ,illu/rat$ & ,describ$4 ,) a ,sket* ( ! ,hi/ory ( ,co9s & ,co9age1 ,in/ructions = ,"y ,collectors1 ,tables ( ,comp>ative ,r>ity1 ,price-,li/s ( ,engli% & ,am]ican ,co9s1 ,m$als1 & ,tok5s1 c41 c4 ,edit$ by ,w4 ,c4 ,,prime1 ,au?or ( 8,boat ,life 9 ,egypt & ,nubia10 8,t5t ,life 9 ! ,holy ,l&10 c41 c4 #hvo1 ,clo?1 #c #ej4 ,,russell',s ,,mod]n ,,europe4 ,hi/ory ( ,mod]n ,europe1 ) a ,view ( ! ,progress ( ,society1 f ! ,rise ( ,mod]n ,k+doms to ! ,peace ( ,p>is 9 #agfc4 ,by ,w4 ,,russell4 ,) a ,cont9uance ( ! ,hi/ory1 by ,,william ,,jones4 ,engrav+s4 #c vols41 #hvo1 ,clo?1 #f #jj4 ,,smiles',s ,,life ,,( ,,! ,,/eph5son',s4 ,! ,life ( ,george ,/eph5son1 & ( 8 ,son1 ,rob]t ,/eph5son2 compris+1 also1 a ,hi/ory ( ! ,inv5tion & ,introduction ( ! ,railway ,locomotive4 ,by ,,samuel ,,smiles1 ,au?or ( 8,self-,help10 c4 ,) ,/eel ,portraits & num]\s ,illu/rations4 #hvo1 ,clo?1 #c #jj4 ,,speke',s ,,africa4 ,j\rnal ( ! ,discov]y ( ! ,s\rce ( ! ,nile4 ,by ,capta9 ,,john ,,hann+ ,,speke1 ,capta9 ,h4 ,m4 ,indian ,army1 ,fell[ & ,gold ,m$ali/ ( ! ,royal ,geographical ,society1 ,hon4 ,correspond+ ,memb] & ,gold ,m$ali/ ( ! ,fr5* ,geographical ,society1 c4 ,) ,maps & ,portraits & num]\s ,illu/rations1 *iefly f ,draw+s by ,capta9 ,,grant4 #hvo1 ,clo?1 uni=m ) ,liv+/one1 ,b>?1 ,burton1 c41 #d #jj4 ,,%akspe>e4 ,! ,dramatic ,works ( ,william ,%akspe>e1 ) ! ,corrections & ,illu/rations ( ,dr4 ,,johnson1 ,g4 ,,/eev5s1 & o!rs4 ,revis$ by ,,isaac ,,re$4 ,engrav+s4 #f vols41 ,royal #abmo1 ,clo?1 #i #jj4 ,,spr+',s ,,s]mons4 ,pulpit ,m9i/rations2 or1 ,sabba? ,read+s4 ,a ,s]ies ( ,disc\rses on ,*ri/ian ,doctr9e & ,duty4 ,by ,rev4 ,,g>d9] ,,spr+1 ,d4,d41 ,pa/or ( ! ,brick ,presbyt]ian ,*ur* 9 ! ,city ( ,new ,york4 ,portrait on ,/eel4 #b vols41 #hvo1 ,clo?1 #f #jj4 ,,/rickl&',s 7,,miss7 ,,que5s ,,( ,,scotl&4 ,lives ( ! ,que5s ( ,scotl& & ,engli% ,pr9cesses connect$ ) ! ,regal ,succession ( ,great ,brita94 ,by ,,agnes ,,/rickl&4 #h vols41 #abmo1 ,clo?1 #ab #jj4 ,,! ,,/ud5t',s ,,hi/ories4 ,france4 ,engrav+s4 #abmo1 ,clo?1 #b #jj4 ,gibbon4 ,engrav+s4 #abmo1 ,clo?1 #b #jj4 ,greece4 ,engrav+s4 #abmo1 ,clo?1 #b #jj4 ,! same1 abridg$4 ,engrav+s4 #afmo1 ,clo?1 #a #jj4 ,hume4 ,engrav+s4 #abmo1 ,clo?1 #b #jj4 ,rome4 ,by ,liddell4 ,engrav+s4 #abmo1 ,clo?1 #b #jj4 ,small] ,hi/ory ( ,rome4 ,engrav+s4 #afmo1 ,clo?1 #a #jj4 ,old ,te/am5t ,hi/ory4 ,engrav+s4 #abmo1 ,clo?1 #b #jj4 ,new ,te/am5t ,hi/ory4 ,engrav+s4 #abmo1 ,clo?1 #b #jj4 ,/rickl&'s ,que5s ( ,engl&4 ,abridg$4 ,engrav+s4 #abmo1 ,clo?1 #b #jj4 ,,?omson',s ,,l& ,,& ,,! ,,book4 ,! ,l& & ! ,book2 or1 ,biblical ,illu/rations drawn f ! ,mann]s & ,cu/oms1 ! ,sc5es & ! ,sc5]y ( ! ,holy ,l&4 ,by ,w4 ,m4 ,,?omson1 ,d4,d41 ,tw5ty-five ,ye>s a ,mission>y ( ! ,a4,b4,c4,f4,m4 9 ,syria & ,pale/9e4 ,) two elaborate ,maps ( ,pale/9e1 an accurate ,plan ( ,j]usalem1 & sev]al hundr$ ,engrav+s1 repres5t+ ! ,sc5]y1 ,topography1 & ,productions ( ! ,holy ,l&1 & ! ,co/umes1 ,mann]s1 & ,habits ( ! ,p4 ,two elegant ,l>ge #abmo ,vols41 ,clo?1 #e #jj4 ,,ticknor',s ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,spani% ,,lit]ature4 ,) ,criticisms on ! p>ticul> ,works1 & ,biographical ,notices ( prom95t ,writ]s4 #c vols41 #hvo1 ,clo?1 #e #jj4 ,,wilk9son',s ,,anci5t ,,egyptians4 ,a ,popul> ,acc\nt ( _! ,mann]s & ,cu/oms1 cond5s$ f 8 l>g] ,"w1 ) "s ,new ,matt]4 ,illu/rat$ ) #ejj ,woodcuts4 #b vols41 #abmo1 ,clo?1 #c #ej4 ,v,,mr,,ry',s ,,c5tral ,,asia4 ,travels 9 ,c5tral ,asia4 ,be+ ! ,acc\nt ( a ,j\rney f ,teh]an across ! ,turkoman ,des]t1 on ! ,ea/]n ,%ore ( ! ,caspian1 to ,khiva1 ,bokh>a1 & ,sam>c&1 p]=m$ 9 ! ,ye> #ahfc4 ,by ,,arm9ius ,v,,mr,,ry1 ,memb] ( ! ,hung>ian ,academy ( ,pe/h1 by :om he 0 s5t on ?is ,sci5tific ,mission4 ,) ,map & ,woodcuts4 #hvo1 ,clo?1 #d #ej4 ,,maury',s 7,m4 ,f47 ,,physical ,,geography ,,( ,,! ,,sea4 ,! ,physical ,geography ( ! ,sea1 & its ,meteorology4 ,by ,m4 ,f4 ,,maury1 ,,ll4,d41 late ,u4,s4,n4 ,! ,eigh? ,edition1 ,revis$ & greatly ,enl>g$4 #hvo1 ,clo?1 #d #jj4 ,,wood',s ,,homes ,,)\t ,,h&s4 ,homes ,)\t ,h&s3 be+ a ,description ( ! ,habitations ( ,animals1 class$ accord+ to _! ,pr9ciple ( ,con/ruction4 ,by ,j4 ,g4 ,,wood1 ,m4,a41 ,f4,l4,s41 ,au?or ( 8,illu/rat$ ,natural ,hi/ory40 ,) ab\t #adj ,illu/rations1 engrav$ by ,g4 ,pe>son1 f ,orig9al ,designs made by ,f4 ,w4 ,keyl & ,e4 ,a4 ,smi?1 "u ! ,au?or's ,sup]9t5d5ce4 #hvo1 ,clo?1 ,bevel$ ,edges1 #d #ej4 ,,an?on',s ,,smi?',s ,,diction>y ,,( ,,antiquities4 ,a ,diction>y ( ,greek & ,roman ,antiquities4 ,edit$ by ,,william ,,smi?1 ,,ll4,d41 & ,illu/rat$ by num]\s ,engrav+s on ,wood4 ,?ird ,am]ican ,edition1 c>efully ,revis$1 & conta9+1 also1 num]\s additional ,articles relative to ! ,botany1 ,m9]alogy1 & ,zoology ( ! ,anci5ts4 ,by ,,*>les ,,an?on1 ,,ll4,d4 ,royal #hvo1 ,%eep extra1 #f #jj4 ,,an?on',s ,,classical ,,diction>y4 ,conta9+ an ,acc\nt ( ! pr9cipal ,prop] ,names m5tion$ 9 ,anci5t ,au?ors1 & int5d$ to elucidate all ! important ,po9ts connect$ ) ! ,geography1 ,hi/ory1 ,biography1 ,my?ology1 & ,f9e ,arts ( ! ,greeks & ,romans1 toge!r ) an ,acc\nt ( ! ,co9s1 ,weights1 & ,measures ( ! ,anci5ts1 ) ,tabul> ,values ( ! same4 ,royal #hvo1 ,%eep extra1 #f #jj4 ,,dwight',s 7,,rev4 ,,dr47 ,,!ology4 ,!ology ,expla9$ & ,def5d$1 9 a ,s]ies ( ,s]mons4 ,by ,,timo?y ,,dwight1 ,s4,t4,d41 ,,ll4,d4 ,) a ,memoir ( ! ,life ( ! ,au?or4 ,portrait4 #d vols41 #hvo1 ,clo?1 #h #jj4 ,,engli%man',s ,,greek ,,concordance4 ,! ,engli%man's ,greek ,concordance ( ! ,new ,te/am5t3 be+ an ,attempt at a ,v]bal ,connection betwe5 ! ,greek & ! ,engli% ,texts2 includ+ a ,concordance to ! ,prop] ,names1 ) ,indexes1 ,greek-,engli% & ,engli%-,greek4 #hvo1 ,clo?1 #e #jj4 ,,giesel]',s ,,ecclesia/ical ,,hi/ory4 ,a ,text-,book ( ,*ur* ,hi/ory4 ,by ,dr4 ,,john ,c4 ,l4 ,,giesel]4 ,translat$ f ! ,f\r? ,revis$ ,g]man ,edition by ,,samuel ,,davidson1 ,,ll4,d41 & ,rev4 ,,john ,,w9/anley ,,hull1 ,m4,a4 ,a ,new ,am]ican ,edition1 ,revis$ & ,edit$ by ,rev4 ,,h5ry ,b4 ,,smi?1 ,d4,d41 ,pr(essor 9 ! ,union ,!ological ,sem9>y1 ,new ,york4 ,f\r ,volumes ready4 7,vol4 ,v4 9 ,press47 #hvo1 ,clo?1 #b #be p] vol4 ,,godw9',s 7,,p>ke7 ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,france4 ,! ,hi/ory ( ,france4 ,f ! ,e>lie/ ,times to ! ,fr5* ,revolution ( #aghi4 ,by ,,p>ke ,,godw94 ,vol4 ,i4 7,anci5t ,gaul74 #hvo1 ,clo?1 #c #jj4 ,,hall',s 7,,rob]t7 ,,works4 ,! ,complete ,works ( ,rob]t ,hall2 ) a brief ,memoir ( 8 ,life1 by ,dr4 ,,gregory1 & ,obs]vations on 8 ,"* z a ,prea*]1 by ,rev4 ,,john ,,fo/]4 ,edit$ by ,,ol9?us ,,gregory1 ,,ll4,d41 & ,rev4 ,,joseph ,,bel*]4 ,portrait4 #d vols41 #hvo1 ,%eep extra1 #i #jj4 ,,hamilton',s 7,,sir ,,william7 ,,works4 ,discussions on ,philosophy & ,lit]ature1 ,education & ,univ]sity ,re=m4 ,*iefly f ! ,ed9burgh ,review4 ,correct$1 ,v9dicat$1 & ,enl>g$1 9 ,notes & ,app5dices4 ,by ,sir ,,william ,,hamilton1 ,b>t4 ,) an ,introductory ,essay1 by ,rev4 ,,rob]t ,,turnbull1 ,d4,d4 #hvo1 ,clo?1 #c #jj4 ,,rob9son',s ,,greek ,,lexicon ,,( ,,! ,,te/am5t4 ,a ,greek & ,engli% ,lexicon ( ! ,new ,te/am5t4 ,by ,,edw>d ,,rob9son1 ,d4,d41 ,,ll4,d41 late ,pr(essor ( ,biblical ,lit]ature 9 ! ,union ,!ological ,sem9>y1 ,new ,york4 ,a ,new ,edition1 ,revis$1 & 9 great "p ,rewritt54 ,royal #hvo1 ,clo?1 #f #jj4 ,,humboldt',s ,,cosmos4 ,cosmos3 a ,sket* ( a ,physical ,description ( ! ,univ]se4 ,by ,,alex&] ,,von ,,humboldt4 ,translat$ f ! ,g]man1 by ,e4 ,c4 ,,ott4 #e vols41 #abmo1 ,clo?1 #f #be4 ,,f[l]',s ,,engli% ,,language4 ,! ,engli% ,language 9 its ,elem5ts & ,=ms4 ,) a ,hi/ory ( its ,orig9 & ,developm5t1 & a full ,gramm>4 ,design$ = ,use 9 ,colleges & ,s*ools4 ,revis$ & ,enl>g$4 ,by ,,william ,c4 ,,f[l]1 ,,ll4,d41 late ,pr(essor 9 ,amh]/ ,college4 #hvo1 ,clo?1 #b #ej4 ,transcrib]'s ,notes ,punctuation & spell+ 7 made consi/5t :5 a pr$om9ant pref]5ce 0 f\nd 9 ! orig9al book2 o!rwise !y 7 n *ang$4 ,inconsi/5t hyph5ation 0 n *ang$4 ,simple typographical errors 7 correct$2 unbalanc$ quotation m>ks 7 rem$i$ :5 ! *ange 0 obvi\s1 & o!rwise left unbalanc$4 ,illu/rations 9 ?is e,book h be5 position$ betwe5 p>agraphs & outside quotations4 ,9 v]sions ( ?is e,book t support hyp]l9ks1 ! page ref]5ces 9 ! ,li/ ( ,illu/rations lead to ! correspond+ illu/rations4 ,numb]s correspond+ to ^? 9 ! ,li/ ( ,illu/ration h be5 add$ to ! captions z an aid :5 read+ v]sions ( ?is e,book t d n support hyp]l9ks4 ,footnotes1 orig9ally at ! bottoms ( pages1 h be5 r5umb]$1 collect$1 & plac$ j be=e ! ,index4 ,! index 0 n sy/ematically *eck$ = prop] alphabetization or correct page ref]5ces4 ,! entry & sub-entries = 8,alaska0 7 out-(-sequ5ce1 & 7 mov$ by ,transcrib]4