,,! ,,code ,,( ,,honor2 or ,,rules ,,= ,,! ,,gov]nm5t ( ,,pr9cipals ,,& ,,seconds 9 ,,duell+ by ,john ,lyde ,wilson ,summ>y3 ,orig9ally ?is 0 publi%$ by ! au?or 7#aghd-ahdi71 a =m] gov]nor ( ,s\? ,c>ol9a1 z a #bb-page booklet1 9 #ahch4 ,be=e 8 dea? he add$ an app5dix ( ! #aggg ,iri% duell+ code1 b ?is second edition 0 n pr9t$ until #aheh1 z a #df-page small book1 /ill siz$ to fit 9 ! case ) "o's duell+ pi/ols4 ,?is code is f> less blood-?ir/y ?an _m might suppose1 b built on a clos$ social ca/e & /&>ds ( behavior q ali5 to today4 ,transcrib]'s ,note3 ,9 ! app5dix ! t]m r5contre is us$4 ,9 ,briti% law 7!n cov]+ ,irel&7 ?is ref]s to an imm$iate fight 9 ! heat ( (f5se4 ,a duel w\ld be und]tak5 9 cold blood if n cool temp]4 ,kill+ a man 9 a r5contre c\nt$ z manslaught]2 9 a duel1 z murd]4 ,on m ?an "o occasion1 ! au?or ref]s to po/+ an (f5d]4 ,?is ref]s to po/+ to ! public a notice z to 8 behavior 9 "s c5tral club or bus9ess spot frequ5t$ by all m5 ( t level ( society2 exactly :]e v>i$ f t[n to t[n4 ,x 0 ! ultimate sanction1 mak+ ! *all5gee's refusal to ei!r apologize or fight a public /a9 ^u 8 "*4 ,,to ,,! ,,public ,! man :o adds 9 any way to ! sum ( human happ9ess is /rictly 9 ! dis*>ge ( a moral duty4 ,:5 ,h[>d visit$ ! victims ( crime & lic5ti\sness1 to re=m _! habits & ameliorate _! condition1 ! "q 0 nev] ask$ :e!r he _h be5 guilty ( l excesses or n8 ,! only "q ! philan?ropi/ w\ld prop\nd1 %\ld be1 has ! de$ be5 done 9 ! true _s ( ,*ri/ian b5evol5ce8 ,^? :o "k me1 c well atte/ ! motive :i* has caus$ ! publication ( ! foll[+ %eets1 to :i* !y = a long "t urg$ me 9 va94 ,^? :o d n "k me1 h no "r to impute a wrong motive2 & if !y d1 ,i _h r be ! object1 ?an ! au?ors ( condemnation4 ,to publi% a ,,code ,,( ,,honor1 to gov]n 9 cases ( individual combat1 might seem to imply1 t ! publi%] 0 an advocate ( duell+1 & wi%$ to introduce x z ! prop] mode ( decid+ all p]sonal difficulties & misund]/&+s4 ,su* implication w\ld d me great inju/ice4 ,b if ! "q be directly put to me1 :e!r !re are n cases :]e duels are "r & prop]1 ,i w\ld unhesitat+ly answ]1 !re are4 ,if an oppress$ nation has a "r to appeal to arms 9 def5ce ( its lib]ty & ! happ9ess ( its p1 !re c be no argum5t us$ 9 support ( su* appeal1 :i* w n apply ) equal =ce to individuals4 ,h[ _m cases are !re1 t might be enum]at$1 :]e !re is no tribunal to d ju/ice to an oppress$ & deeply wrong$ individual8 ,if he be subject$ to a tame submission to insult & disgrace1 :]e no p[] c %ield him f its effects1 !n inde$ x w\ld seem1 t ! fir/ law ( nature1 self-pres]vation1 po9ts out ! only rem$y = 8 wrongs4 ,! hi/ory ( all animat$ nature exhibits a det]m9$ resi/ance to encroa*m5ts ^u natural rights1--nay1 ,i might add1 inanimate nature1 = x also exhibits a cont9ual w>f>e = supremacy4 ,plants ( ! same k9d1 z well z trees1 d n /op _! vigor\s gr[? because !y ov]%ad[ _! k9d2 b1 on ! contr>y1 fl\ri% ) great] vigor z ! m weak & delicate decl9e & die4 ,^? ( diff]5t species are at p]petual w>f>e4 ,! sweete/ rose tree w sick5 & wa/e on ! ne> approa* ( ! noxi\s bramble1 & ! mo/ promis+ fields ( :eat yield a mis]able h>ve/ if *ok$ up ) t>es & ?i/les4 ,! elem5ts !mselves w> toge!r1 & ! angels ( heav5 h met 9 fi]ce enc\nt]4 ,! pr9ciple ( self-pres]vation is co-ext5sive ) creation2 & :5 by education we make "* & moral wor? a "p ( ourselves1 we gu>d ^! possessions ) m wat*ful zeal ?an life itself1 & w\ld g f>!r = _! protection4 ,:5 "o f9ds himself avoid$ 9 society1 8 fri5ds %unn+ 8 approa*1 8 sub/ance wa/+1 8 wife & *ildr5 9 want ar\nd him1 & traces all 8 mis=tunes & mis]y to ! sl&]\s tongue ( ! calumniator1 :o1 by secret :isp] or artful innu5do1 has sapp$ & und]m9$ 8 reputation1 he mu/ be m or less ?an man to submit 9 sil5ce4 ,! indiscrim9ate & frequ5t appeal to arms1 to settle trivial disputes & misund]/&+s1 _c be too sev]ely c5sur$ & deprecat$4 ,i am no advocate ( su* duell+4 ,b 9 cases :]e ! laws ( ! c\ntry give no r$ress = injuries receiv$1 :]e public op9ion n only au?orizes1 b enjo9s resi/ance1 x is ne$less & a wa/e ( "t to d5\nce ! practice4 ,x w be p]si/$ 9 z long z a manly indep5d5ce1 & a l(ty p]sonal pride 9 all t dignifies & ennobles ! human "*1 %all cont9ue to exi/4 ,if a man be smote on "o *eek 9 public1 & he turns ! o!r1 :i* is also smitt51 & he (f]s no resi/ance1 b blesses him t s despitefully us$ him1 ,i am aw>e t he is 9 ! ex]cise ( great ,*ri/ian =be>ance1 highly recomm5d$ & enjo9$ by _m v good m51 b utt]ly repugnant to ^? feel+s :i* nature & education h implant$ 9 ! human "*4 ,if x 0 possible to enact laws s sev]e & impossible to be evad$1 z to en=ce su* rule ( behavior1 all t is honorable 9 ! community w\ld quit ! c\ntry & inhabit ! wild]ness ) ! ,indians4 ,if su* a c\rse ( conduct 0 infus$ by education into ! m9ds ( our y\?1 & x became praisewor?y & honorable to a man to submit to insult & indignity1 !n inde$ ! =be>ance might be borne )\t disgrace4 ,^?1 !re=e1 :o condemn all :o d n d5\nce duell+ 9 e case1 %\ld e/abli% s*ools :]e a passive submission to =ce w\ld be ! ex]cise ( a comm5dable virtue4 ,i h n ! lea/ d\bt1 t if ,i _h be5 educat$ 9 su* a s*ool1 & liv$ 9 su* a society1 ,i w\ld h prov$ a v good memb] ( x4 ,b ,i mu* d\bt1 if a sem9>y ( le>n+ 0 e/abli%$1 :]e ?is ,*ri/ian =be>ance 0 inculcat$ & en=c$1 :e!r !re w\ld be _m s*ol>s4 ,i w\ld n wi% to be und]/ood to say1 t ,i d n desire to see duell+ to cease to exi/ entirely1 9 society4 ,b my plan = do+ x away1 is ess5tially diff]5t f ! "o :i* tea*es a passive =be>ance to insult & indignity4 ,i w\ld inculcate 9 ! ris+ g5]ation a _s ( l(ty indep5d5ce2 ,i w\ld h !m taught t no?+ 0 m d]ogatory to ! honor ( a g5tleman1 ?an to w\nd ! feel+s ( any "o1 h[ev] humble4 ,t if wrong be done to ano!r1 x 0 m an act ( h]oism & brav]y to repair ! injury1 ?an to p]si/ 9 error1 & ent] into mortal combat ) ! injur$ p>ty4 ,?is w\ld be an aggravation ( t :i* 0 already odi\s1 & w\ld put him )\t ! pale ( all dec5t society & honorable m54 ,i w\ld /rongly inculcate ! propriety ( be+ t5d] ( ! feel+s1 z well z ! fail+s1 ( ^? ar\nd him4 ,i w\ld tea* immutable integrity1 & uni=m urbanity ( mann]s4 ,scrupul\sly to gu>d individual honor1 by a high p]sonal self respect1 & ! practice ( e comm5dable virtue4 ,once let su* a sy/em ( education be univ]sal1 & we %\ld seldom he>1 if ev]1 ( any m duell+4 ,! sev]e/ p5al enactm5ts _c re/ra9 ! practice ( duell+1 & _! extreme sev]ity 9 ?is ,/ate1 ! m effectually %ields ! (f5d]s4 ,! tea*+ & prea*+ ( our eloqu5t ,cl]gy1 may d "s s]vice1 b is :olly inadequate to suppress x4 ,"u ^! circum/ances1 ! foll[+ rules are giv5 to ! public1 & if ,i c save ! life ( "o useful memb] ( society1 ,i w be comp5sat$4 ,i h re/or$ to ! bosoms ( _m1 _! sons1 by my timely int]f]5ce1 :o are ignorant ( ! mis]y ,i h av]t$ f !m4 ,i believe t n9e duels out ( t51 if n n9ety-n9e out ( a hundr$1 orig9ate 9 ! want ( exp]i5ce 9 ! seconds4 ,a book ( au?ority1 to :i* !y c ref] 9 matt]s :]e !y are un9=m$1 w !re=e be a desid]atum4 ,h[ f> ?is code w be t book1 ! public w decide4 ,,! ,,au?or ,,rules ,,= ,,pr9cipals ,,& ,,seconds ,,9 ,,duell+4 ,,*apt] ,i4 ,! ,p]son ,insult$1 ,be=e ,*all5ge ,s5t #a4 ,:5ev] y believe t y are insult$1 if ! insult be 9 public & by words or behavior1 nev] res5t x !re1 if y h self-comm& en\gh to avoid notic+ x4 ,if res5t$ !re1 y (f] an indignity to ! company1 :i* y %\ld n4 #b4 ,if ! insult be by bl[s or any p]sonal indignity1 x may be res5t$ at ! mom5t1 = ! insult to ! company did n orig9ate ) y4 ,b al?\gh res5t$ at ! mom5t1 y are b\nd /ill to h satisfaction1 & mu/ !re=e make ! dem&4 #c4 ,:5 y believe y\rself aggriev$1 be sil5t on ! subject1 speak to no "o ab\t ! matt]1 & see y\r fri5d1 :o is to act = y1 z soon z possible4 #d4 ,nev] s5d a *all5ge 9 ! fir/ in/ance1 = t precludes all negotiation4 ,let y\r note be 9 ! language ( a g5tleman1 & let ! subject matt] ( compla9t be truly & fairly set =?1 cauti\sly avoid+ attribut+ to ! adv]se p>ty any improp] motive4 #e4 ,:5 y\r second is 9 full possession ( ! facts1 leave ! :ole matt] to 8 judgm5t1 & avoid any consultation ) him unless he seeks x4 ,he has ! cu/ody ( y\r honor1 & by obey+ him y _c be compromitt$4 #f4 ,let ! "t ( dem& ^u y\r adv]s>y aft] ! insult1 be z %ort z possible1 = he has ! "r to d\ble t "t 9 reply+ to y1 unless y give him "s good reason = y\r delay4 ,ea* p>ty is entitl$ to reasonable "t1 to make ! necess>y dome/ic arrangem5ts1 by w or o!rwise1 be=e fight+4 #g4 ,to a writt5 communication y are entitl$ to a writt5 reply1 & x is ! bus9ess ( y\r fri5d to require x4 ,,second',s ,,duty ,,be=e ,,*all5ge ,,s5t4 #a4 ,:5ev] y are appli$ to by a fri5d to act z 8 second1 be=e y agree to d s1 /ate di/9ctly to y\r pr9cipal t y w be gov]n$ only by y\r own judgm5t1--t he w n be consult$ aft] y are 9 full possession ( ! facts1 unless x becomes necess>y to make or accept ! am5de honorable1 or s5d a *all5ge4 ,y are suppos$ to be cool & collect$1 & y\r fri5d's feel+s are m or less irritat$4 #b4 ,use e ef=t to soo! & tranquilize y\r pr9cipal2 d n see ?+s 9 ! same aggravat$ light 9 :i* he views !m2 ext5uate ! conduct ( 8 adv]s>y :5ev] y see cle>ly an opportunity to d s1 )\t do+ viol5ce to y\r fri5d's irritat$ m9d4 ,endeavor to p]suade him t !re mu/ h be5 "s misund]/&+ 9 ! matt]4 ,*eck him if he uses opprobri\s epi!t t[>ds 8 adv]s>y1 & nev] p]mit improp] or insult+ words 9 ! note y c>ry4 #c4 ,to ! note y c>ry 9 writ+ to ! p>ty compla9$ (1 y are entitl$ to a writt5 answ]1 :i* w be direct$ to y\r pr9cipal & w be deliv]$ to y by 8 adv]s>y's fri5d4 ,if ?is be n writt5 9 ! /yle ( a g5tleman1 refuse to receive x1 & assign y\r reason = su* refusal4 ,if !re be a "q made z to ! "* ( ! note1 require ! second pres5t+ x to y1 :o consid]s x respectful1 to endorse ^u x ^! words3 ,i consid] ! note ( my fri5d respectful1 & w\ld n h be5 ! be>] ( x1 if ,i believ$ o!rwise4 #d4 ,if ! p>ty call$ on1 refuses to receive ! note y be>1 y are entitl$ to dem& a reason = su* refusal4 ,if he refuses to give y any reason1 & p]si/s 9 su* refusal1 he treats1 n only y\r fri5d1 b y\rself1 ) indignity1 & y mu/ !n make y\rself ! actor1 by s5d+ a respectful note1 requir+ a prop] explanation ( ! c\rse he has pursu$ t[>ds y & y\r fri5d2 & if he /ill adh]es to 8 det]m9ation1 y are to *all5ge or po/ him4 #e4 ,if ! p]son to :om y deliv] ! note ( y\r fri5d1 decl9es meet+ him on ! gr\nd ( inequality1 y are b\nd to t5d] y\rself 9 8 /ead1 by a note direct$ to him f y\rself2 & if he refuses to meet y1 y are to po/ him4 #f4 ,9 all cases ( ! sub/itution ( ! second = ! pr9cipal1 ! seconds %\ld int]pose & adju/ ! matt]1 if ! p>ty sub/itut+ av[s he does n make ! qu>rel ( 8 pr9cipal 8 own4 ,! true reason = sub/itution1 is ! suppos$ insult ( imput+ to y ! l inequality :i* if *>g$ ^u y\r fri5d1 & :5 ! contr>y is decl>$1 !re %\ld be no fight1 = individuals may well diff] 9 _! e/imate ( an individual's "* & /&+ 9 society4 ,9 case ( sub/itution & a satisfactory arrangem5t1 y are !n to in=m y\r fri5d ( all ! facts1 ^: duty x w be to po/ 9 p]son4 #g4 ,if ! p>ty1 to :om y pres5t a note1 employ a son1 fa!r or bro!r1 z a second1 y may decl9e act+ ) ei!r on ! gr\nd ( consangu9ity4 #h4 ,if a m9or wi%es y to take a note to an adult1 decl9e do+ s1 on ! gr\nd ( 8 m9ority4 ,b if ! adult compla9$ (1 _h made a companion ( ! m9or 9 society1 y may be> ! note4 #i4 ,:5 an accommodation is t5d]$1 nev] require too mu*2 & if ! p>ty (f]+ ! am5de honorable1 wi%es to give a reason = 8 conduct 9 ! matt]1 d n1 unless (f5sive to y\r fri5d1 refuse to receive x2 by s do+ y may heal ! brea* m effectually4 #aj4 ,if a /rang] wi%es y to be> a note = him1 be well satisfi$ be=e y d s1 t he is on an equality ) y2 & 9 pres5t+ ! note /ate to ! p>ty ! relation%ip y /& t[>ds him1 & :at y "k & believe ab\t him2 = /rang]s are entitl$ to r$ress = wrongs1 z well z o!rs1 & ! rules ( honor & hospitality %\ld protect him4 ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,! ,p>ty ,receiv+ a ,note ,be=e ,*all5ge4 #a4 ,:5 a note is pres5t$ to y by an equal1 receive x1 & read x1 al?\gh y may suppose x to be f "o y d n int5d to meet1 because its requisites may be ( a "* :i* may readily be compli$ )4 ,b if ! requirem5ts ( a note _c be acc$$ to1 return x1 ?r\gh ! m$ium ( y\r fri5d1 to ! p]son :o h&$ x to y1 ) y\r reason = return+ x4 #b4 ,if ! note receiv$ be 9 abusive t]ms1 object to its reception1 & return x = t reason2 b if x be respectful1 return an answ] ( ! same "*1 9 :i* respond correctly & op5ly to all int]rogatories fairly prop\nd$1 & h& x to y\r fri5d1 :o1 x is presum$1 y h consult$1 & :o has advis$ ! answ]2 direct x to ! opposite p>ty1 & let x be deliv]$ to 8 fri5d4 #c4 ,y may refuse to receive a note1 f a m9or1 7if y h n made an associate ( him72 "o t has be5 po/$2 "o t has be5 publicly disgrac$ )\t res5t+ x2 "o ^: occupation is unlawful2 a man 9 8 dotage & a lunatic4 ,!re may be o!r cases1 b ! "* ( ^? enum]at$ w lead to a correct decision ^u ^? omitt$4 ,if y receive a note f a /rang]1 y h a "r to a reasonable "t to asc]ta9 8 /&+ 9 society1 unless he is fully v\*$ = by 8 fri5d4 #d4 ,if a p>ty delays call+ on y = a week or m1 aft] ! suppos$ insult1 & assigns no cause = ! delay1 if y require x1 y may d\ble ! "t be=e y respond to him2 = ! wrong _c be consid]$ aggravat$2 if borne pati5tly = "s days1 & ! "t may h be5 us$ 9 prep>ation & practice4 ,second's ,duty ( ! ,p>ty ,receiv+ a ,note ,be=e ,*all5ge ,s5t4 #a4 ,:5 consult$ by y\r fri5d1 :o has receiv$ a note requir+ explanation1 in=m him di/9ctly t he mu/ be gov]n$ :olly by y 9 ! progress ( ! dispute4 ,if he refuses1 decl9e to act on t gr\nd4 #b4 ,use y\r utmo/ ef=ts to allay all excitem5t :i* y\r pr9cipal may labor "u2 se>* dilig5tly into ! orig9 ( ! misund]/&+2 = g5tlem5 seldom insult ea* o!r1 unless !y labor "u "s misappreh5sion or mi/ake2 & :5 y h discov]$ ! orig9al gr\nd or error1 foll[ ea* movem5t to ! "t ( s5d+ ! note1 & h>mony w be re/or$4 #c4 ,:5 y\r pr9cipal refuses to d :at y require ( hi1 decl9e fur!r act+ on t gr\nd1 & in=m ! oppos+ second ( y\r )drawal f ! negotiation4 ,,*apt] ,,iii4 ,duty ( ,*all5g] & ,8 ,second ,be=e ,fight+4 #a4 ,aft] all ef=ts = a reconciliation are ov]1 ! p>ty aggriev$ s5ds a *all5ge to 8 adv]s>y1 :i* is deliv]$ to 8 second4 #b4 ,^u ! acceptance ( ! *all5ge1 ! seconds make ! necess>y arrangem5ts = ! meet+1 9 :i* ea* p>ty is entitl$ to a p]fect equality4 ,! old notion t ! p>ty *all5g$1 0 au?oriz$ to "n ! "t1 place1 di/ance & weapon1 has be5 long s9ce explod$2 nor w\ld a man ( *ivalric honor use su* a "r1 if he possess$ x4 ,! "t mu/ e z soon z practicable1 ! place su* z _h ord9>ily be5 us$ :]e ! p>ties are1 ! di/ance usual1 & ! weapons t :i* is mo/ g5]ally us$1 :i*1 9 ?is ,/ate1 is ! pi/ol4 #c4 ,if ! *all5gee insi/ ^u :at is n usual 9 "t1 place1 di/ance & weapon1 d n yield ! po9t1 & t5d] 9 writ+ :at is usual 9 ea*1 & if he refuses to give satisfaction1 !n y\r fri5d may po/ him4 #d4 ,if y\r fri5d be det]m9$ to fight & n po/1 y h ! "r to )draw4 ,b if y cont9ue to act1 & h ! "r to t5d] a /ill m deadly di/ance & weapon1 & he mu/ accept4 #e4 ,! usual di/ance is f t5 to tw5ty paces1 z may be agre$ on2 & ! seconds 9 measur+ ! gr\nd1 usually /ep ?ree feet4 #f4 ,aft] all ! arrangem5ts are made1 ! seconds det]m9e ! giv+ ( ! ^w & position1 by lot2 & he :o ga9s has ! *oice ( ! "o or ! o!r1 selects :e!r x be ! ^w or ! position1 b he _c h bo?4 ,,*apt] ,,iv4 ,duty ( ,*all5gee & ,second ,aft] ,*all5ge ,s5t4 #a4 ,! *all5gee has no option :5 negotiation has ceas$1 b to accept ! *all5ge4 #b4 ,! second makes ! necess>y arrangem5ts ) ! second ( ! p]son *all5g+4 ,! arrangem5ts are detail$ 9 ! prec$+ *apt]4 ,,*apt] ,v4 ,duty ( ,pr9cipals & ,seconds on ! ,gr\nd4 #a4 ,! pr9cipals are to be respectful 9 meet+1 & nei!r by look or expression irritate ea* o!r4 ,!y are to be :olly passive1 be+ entirely "u ! guidance ( _! seconds4 #b4 ,:5 once po/$1 !y are n to quit _! positions "u any circum/ances1 )\t leave or direction ( _! seconds4 #c4 ,:5 ! pr9cipals are po/$1 ! second giv+ ! ^w1 mu/ tell !m to /& firm until he repeats ! giv+ ( ! ^w1 9 ! mann] x w be giv5 :5 ! p>ties are at lib]ty to fire4 #d4 ,ea* second has a load$ pi/ol1 9 ord] to en=ce a fair combat accord+ to ! rules agre$ on2 & if a pr9cipal fires be=e ! ^w or "t agre$ on1 he is at lib]ty to fire at him1 & if su* second's pr9cipal fall1 x is 8 duty to d s4 #e4 ,if aft] a fire1 ei!r p>ty be t\*$1 ! duel is to end2 & no second is excusable :o p]mits a w\nd$ fri5d to fight2 & no second :o kn[s 8 duty1 w p]mit 8 fri5d to fight a man already hit4 ,i am aw>e !re h be5 _m in/ances :]e a conte/ has cont9u$1 n only aft] slight1 b sev]e w\nds1 _h be5 receiv$4 ,9 all su* cases1 ,i ?9k ! seconds are blamable4 #f4 ,if aft] an ex*ange ( %ots1 nei!r p>ty be hit1 x is ! duty ( ! second ( ! *all5gee1 to approa* ! second ( ! *all5g] & say3 ,our fri5ds h ex*ang$ %ots1 are y satisfi$1 or is !re any cause :y ! conte/ %\ld be cont9u$8 ,if ! meet+ be ( no s]i\s cause ( compla9t1 :]e ! p>ty compla9+ _h 9 no way be5 deeply injur$1 or grossly insult$1 ! second ( ! p>ty *all5g+ %\ld reply3 ,! po9t ( honor be+ settl$1 !re c1 ,i conceive1 be no objection to a reconciliation1 & ,i propose t our pr9cipals meet on middle gr\nd1 %ake h&s1 & be fri5ds4 ,if ?is be acc$$ to by ! second ( ! *all5gee1 ! second ( ! p>ty *all5g+1 says3 ,we h agre$ t ! pres5t duel %all cease1 ! honor ( ea* ( y is pres]v$1 & y w meet on middle gr\nd1 %ake h&s & be reconcil$4 #g4 ,if ! insult be ( a s]i\s "*1 x w be ! duty ( ! second ( ! *all5g]1 to say1 9 reply to ! second ( ! *all5gee3 ,we h be5 deeply wrong$1 & if y are n dispos$ to repair ! injury1 ! conte/ mu/ cont9ue4 ,& if ! *all5gee (f]s no?+ by way ( rep>ation1 ! fight cont9ues until "o or ! o!r ( ! pr9cipals is hit4 #h4 ,if 9 cases :]e ! conte/ is end$ by ! seconds1 z m5tion$ 9 ! six? rule ( ?is *apt]1 ! p>ties refuse to meet & be reconcil$1 x is ! duty ( ! seconds to )draw f ! field1 in=m+ _! pr9cipals1 t ! conte/ mu/ be cont9u$ "u ! sup]9t5d5ce ( o!r fri5ds4 ,b if "o agrees to ?is arrangem5t ( ! seconds1 & ! o!r does n1 ! second ( ! disagree+ pr9cipal only )draws4 #i4 ,if ei!r pr9cipal on ! gr\nd refuses to fight or cont9ue ! fight :5 requir$1 x is ! duty ( 8 second to say to ! o!r second3 ,i h come ^u ! gr\nd ) a c[>d1 & d t5d] y my apology = an ignorance ( 8 "*2 y are at lib]ty to po/ him4 ,! second1 by su* conduct1 /&s excus$ to ! opposite p>ty4 #aj4 ,:5 ! duel is end$ by a p>ty be+ hit1 x is ! duty ( ! second to ! p>ty s hit1 to ann\nce ! fact to ! second ( ! p>ty hitt+1 :o w =?) t5d] any assi/ance he c comm& to ! disabl$ pr9cipal4 ,if ! p>ty *all5g+1 hit ! *all5gee1 x is 8 duty to say he is satisfi$1 & w leave ! gr\nd4 ,if ! *all5g] be hit1 ^u ! *all5gee be+ in=m$ ( x1 he %\ld ask ?r\gh 8 second1 :e!r he is at lib]ty to leave ! gr\nd :i* %\ld be ass5t$ to4 ,,*apt] ,,vi4 ,:o ,%\ld ,be on ! ,gr\nd4 #a4 ,! pr9cipals1 seconds1 "o surgeon & "o assi/ant surgeon to ea* pr9cipal2 b ! assi/ant surgeon may be disp5s$ )4 #b4 ,any numb] ( fri5ds t ! seconds agree on1 may be pres5t1 provid$ !y d n come )9 ! degrees ( consangu9ity m5tion$ 9 ! sev5? rule ( ,*apt] ,i4 #c4 ,p]sons admitt$ on ! gr\nd1 are c>efully to ab/a9 by ^w or behavior1 f any act t might be ! lea/ exceptionable2 nor %\ld !y /& ne> ! pr9cipals or seconds1 or hold conv]sations ) !m4 ,,*apt] ,,vii4 ,arms1 & ,mann] ( ,load+ & ,pres5t+ ,!m4 #a4 ,! arms us$ %\ld be smoo?-bore pi/ols1 n exce$+ n9e in*es 9 l5g?1 ) fl9t & /eel4 ,p]cussion pi/ols may be mutually us$ if agre$ on1 b to object on t acc\nt is lawful4 #b4 ,ea* second in=ms ! o!r :5 he is ab\t to load1 & invites 8 pres5ce1 b ! seconds r>ely att5d on su* invitation1 z g5tlem5 may be safely tru/$ 9 ! matt]4 #c4 ,! second1 9 pres5t+ ! pi/ol to 8 fri5d1 %\ld nev] put x 9 8 pi/ol h&1 b %\ld place x 9 ! o!r1 :i* is grasp$ midway ! b>rel1 ) muzzle po9t+ 9 ! contr>y way to t :i* he is to fire1 in=m+ him t 8 pi/ol is load$ & ready = use4 ,be=e ! ^w is giv51 ! pr9cipal grasps ! butt firmly 9 8 pi/ol h&1 & br+s x r\nd1 ) ! muzzle d[nw>d1 to ! fight+ position4 #d4 ,! fight+ position1 is ) ! muzzle d[n & ! b>rel f y2 = al?\gh x may be agre$ t y may hold y\r pi/ol ) ! muzzle up1 x may be object$ to1 z y c fire soon] f t position1 & consequ5tly h a decid$ advantage1 :i* ought n to be claim$1 & %\ld n be grant$4 ,,*apt] ,,viii4 ,! ,degrees ( ,insult1 & ,h[ ,compromis$ #a4 ,! prevail+ rule is1 t words us$ 9 retort1 al?\gh m viol5t & disrespectful ?an ^? fir/ us$1 w n satisfy1--words be+ no satisfaction = words4 #b4 ,:5 words are us$1 & a bl[ giv5 9 return1 ! insult is av5g$2 & if r$ress be s\ght1 x mu/ be f ! p]son receiv+ ! bl[4 #c4 ,:5 bl[s are giv5 9 ! fir/ in/ance & n return$1 & ! p]son fir/ /rik+1 be badly beat5 or o!rwise1 ! p>ty fir/ /ruck is to make ! dem&1 = bl[s d n satisfy a bl[4 #d4 ,insults at a w9e table1 :5 ! company are ov]-excit$1 mu/ be answ]$ =2 & if ! p>ty insult+ h no recollection ( ! insult1 x is 8 duty to say s 9 writ+1 & negative ! insult4 ,= in/ance1 if ! man say3 y are a li> & no g5tleman1 he mu/1 9 addition to ! plea ( ! want ( recollection1 say3 ,i believe ! p>ty insult$ to be a man ( ! /ricte/ v]acity & a g5tleman4 #e4 ,intoxication is n a full excuse = insult1 b x w greatly palliate4 ,if x 0 a full excuse1 x might be well c\nt]feit$ to w\nd feel+s1 or de/roy "*4 #f4 ,9 all cases ( intoxication1 ! seconds mu/ use a s\nd discretion "u ! above g5]al rules4 #g4 ,c e insult be compromis$8 is a moot$ & vex$ "q4 ,on ?is subject1 no rules c be giv5 t w be satisfactory4 ,! old op9ion1 t a bl[ mu/ require blood1 is n ( =ce4 ,bl[s may be compromis$ 9 _m cases4 ,:at ^? are1 mu* dep5d on ! seconds4 ,,app5dix4 ,s9ce ! above ,code 0 9 press1 a fri5d has favor$ me ) ! ,,iri% ,,code ,,( ,,honor1 :i* ,i _h nev] se52 & x is publi%$ z an ,app5dix to x4 ,"o ?+ mu/ be app>5t to e read]1 viz41 ! m>k$ amelioration ( ! rules t gov]n 9 duell+ at ! pres5t "t4 ,i am unable to say :at code exi/s n[ 9 ,irel&1 b ,i v mu* d\bt :e!r x be ( ! same "* :i* x bore 9 #aggg4 ,! ,am]ican ,qu>t]ly ,review = ,septemb]1 #ahbd1 9 a notice ( ,sir ,jonah ,b>r+ton's hi/ory ( 8 own times1 has publi%$ ?is code2 & foll[$ x up ) "s rem>ks1 :i* ,i h ?\ght prop] to ins]t also4 ,! grave review] has spok5 ( c]ta9 ,/ates 9 t]ms s unlike a g5tleman1 t ,i w\ld advise him to look at home1 & say :e!r he does n ?9k t ! mann]s ( 8 own c\ntrym51 d n require great am5dm5t8 ,i am v sure1 t ! citiz5s ( ! ,/ates s disrespectfully spok5 (1 w\ld feel a deep humiliation1 to be compell$ to ex*ange _! urbanity ( deportm5t1 = ! unc\? incivility ( ! p ( ,massa*usetts4 ,look at _! public j\rnals1 & y w f9d !m1 v g5]ally1 teem+ ) abuse ( private "*1 :i* w\ld n be c\nt5anc$ "h4 ,! idea ( ,new ,engl& becom+ a s*ool = mann]s1 is ab\t z fanciful z ,bol9broke's idea ( a patriot k+4 ,i l _! =tit] 9 re1 b utt]ly es*ew _! suavit] 9 modo4 ,! practice ( duell+ & po9ts ( honor settl$ at ,clonmell summ] assizes1 #aggg1 by ! g5tleman delegates ( ,tipp]>y1 ,galway1 ,mayo1 ,sligo & ,roscommon1 & prescrib$ = g5]al adoption ?r\gh\t ,irel&4 ,rule #a4--,! fir/ (f5ce requires ! apology1 al?\gh ! retort may h be5 m (f5sive ?an ! insult4--,example3 ,a4 tells ,b4 he is imp]t95t1 ,c42 ,b4 retorts1 t he lies2 yet ,a4 mu/ make ! fir/ apology1 because he gave ! fir/ (f5ce1 & !n1 7aft] "o fire17 ,b4 may expla9 away ! retort by subsequ5t apology4 ,rule #b4--;,b if ! p>ties w\ld r fight on3 !n1 aft] two %ots ea*1 7b 9 no case be=e17 ,b4 may expla9 fir/1 & ,a4 apologize aft]w>d4 ,rule #c4--;,if a d\bt exi/ :o gave ! fir/ (f5ce1 ! decision re/s ) ! seconds2 if !y won't decide or c't agree1 ! matt] mu/ proce$ to two %ots1 or a hit1 if ! *all5g] requires x4 ,rule #d4--,:5 ! lie direct is ! fir/ (f5ce1 ! aggressor mu/ ei!r beg p>don 9 express t]ms2 ex*ange t[ %ots previ\s to apology2 or ?ree %ots foll[$ up by explanation2 or fire on till a sev]e hit be receiv$ by "o p>ty or ! o!r4 ,rule #e4--;,z a bl[ is /rictly prohibit$ "u any circum/ances among g5tlem51 no v]bal apology c be receiv$ = su* an insult2 ! alt]natives !re=e are3 ! (f5d] h&+ a c to ! injur$ p>ty1 to be us$ on 8 own back1 at ! same "t begg+ p>don2 fir+ on until "o or bo? is disabl$2 or ex*ang+ ?ree %ots1 & !n ask+ p>don )\t ! pr(f] ( ! cane4 ,if swords are us$1 ! p>ties engage till "o is well-blood$1 disabl$ or dis>m$2 or until1 aft] receiv+ a w\nd1 & blood be+ drawn1 ! aggressor begs p>don4 ,n4,b4 ,a dis>m is consid]$ ! same z a disable2 ! dis>m] may 7/rictly7 break 8 adv]s>y's sword2 b if x be ! *all5g] :o is dis>m$1 x is consid]$ ung5]\s to d s4 ,9 case ! *all5g$ be dis>m$ & refuses to ask p>don or atone1 he mu/ n be kill$ z =m]ly2 b ! *all5g] may lay 8 sword on ! aggressor's %\ld]1 ?an break ! aggressor's sword1 & say1 ',i sp>e y\r life6' ,! *all5g$ c nev] revive ! qu>rel1 ! *all5g] may4 ,rule #f4--;,if ,a4 give ,b4 ! lie1 & ,b4 retorts by a bl[1 7be+ ! two greate/ (f5ces17 no reconciliation c take place till aft] two dis*>ges ea*1 or a sev]e hit2 aft] :i*1 ,b4 may beg ,a4's p>don = ! bl[1 & !n ,a4 may expla9 simply = ! lie2 because a bl[ is nev] all[able1 & ! (f5ce ( ! lie !re=e m]ges 9 x4 7,see prec$+ rule47 ,n4,b4 ,*all5ges = individual causes1 may be reconcil$ on ! gr\nd1 aft] "o %ot4 ,an explanation1 or ! slighte/ hit %\ld be suffici5t 9 su* cases1 because no p]sonal (f5ce transpir$4 ,rule #g4--;,b no apology c be receiv$1 9 any case1 aft] ! p>ties h actually tak5 _! gr\nd1 )\t ex*ange ( fires4 ,rule #h4--;,9 ! above case1 no *all5g] is oblig$ to divulge ! cause ( 8 *all5ge1 7if private17 unless requir$ by ! *all5g$ to d s be=e _! meet+4 ,rule #i4--;,all imputations ( *eat+ at play1 races1 c1 to be consid]$ equival5t to a bl[2 b may be reconcil$ aft] "o %ot1 on admitt+ _! falsehood1 & begg+ p>don publicly4 ,rule #aj4--;,any insult to a lady "u a g5tleman's c>e or protection1 to be consid]$ z1 by "o degree1 a great] (f5ce ?an if giv5 to ! g5tleman p]sonally1 & to be regulat$ accord+ly4 ,rule #aa4--,(f5ces orig9at+ or accru+ f ! support ( a lady's reputation1 to be consid]$ z less unju/ifiable ?an any o!r ( ! same class1 & z admitt+ ( light] apologies by ! aggressor2 ?is to be det]m9$ by ! circum/ances ( ! case1 b always favorably to ! lady4 ,rule #ab4--;,9 simple unprem$itat$ r5contres ) ! small sword or c\teau-de-*asse1 ! rule is1 fir/ draw1 fir/ %ea!2 unless blood be drawn3 !n bo? %ea!1 & proce$ to inve/igation4 ,rule #ac4--,no dumb-%oot+1 or fir+ 9 ! air1 admissible 9 any case4 ,! *all5g] ought n to h *all5g$ )\t receiv+ (f5ce2 & ! *all5g$ ought1 if he gave (f5ce1 to h made an apology be=e he came on ! gr\nd3 !re=e1 *ildr5's play mu/ be di%onorable on "o side or ! o!r1 & is accord+ly prohibit$4 ,rule #ad4--,seconds to be ( equal rank 9 society ) ! pr9cipals !y att5d1 inasmu* z a second may *oose or *ance to become a pr9cipal1 & equality is indisp5sable4 ,rule #ae4--;,*all5ges are nev] to be deliv]$ at night1 unless ! p>ty to be *all5g$ int5d leav+ ! place ( (f5ce be=e morn+2 = x is desirable to avoid all hot-head$ proce$+s4 ,rule #af4--,! *all5g$ has ! "r to *oose 8 own weapon1 unless ! *all5g] gives 8 honor he is no swordsman2 aft] :i*1 h[ev]1 he _c decl9e any second species ( weapon propos$ by ! *all5g$4 ,rule #ag4--,! *all5g$ *ooses 8 gr\nd2 ! *all5g] *ooses 8 di/ance2 ! seconds fix ! "t & t]ms ( fir+4 ,rule #ah4--,! seconds load 9 pres5ce ( ea* o!r1 unless !y give _! mutual honors t !y h *>g$ smoo? & s+le1 :i* %\ld be held suffici5t4 ,rule #ai4--;,fir+ may be regulat$1 fir/ by signal2 secondly1 by ^w ( comm&2 or1 ?irdly1 at pleasure1 z may be agreeable to ! p>ties4 ,9 ! latt] case1 ! p>ties may fire at _! reasonable leisure1 b second pres5ts & re/s are /rictly prohibit$4 ,rule #bj4--;,9 all cases a miss-fire is equival5t to a %ot1 & a snap or a non-cock is to be consid]$ z a miss-fire4 ,rule #ba4--,seconds are b\nd to attempt a reconciliation be=e ! meet+ takes place1 or aft] suffici5t fir+ or hits1 z specifi$4 ,rule #bb4--;,any w\nd suffici5t to agitate ! n]ves & necess>ily make ! h&s %ake1 mu/ end ! bus9ess = t day4 ,rule #bc4--;,if ! cause ( meet+ be ( su* a nature t no apology or explanation c or w be receiv$1 ! *all5g$ takes 8 gr\nd1 & calls on ! *all5g] to proce$ z he *ooses3 9 su* cases fir+ at pleasure is ! usual practice1 b may be v>i$ by agreem5t4 ,rule #bd4--;,9 slight cases1 ! second h&s 8 pr9cipal b "o pi/ol2 b 9 gross cases1 two1 hold+ ano!r case ready *>g$ 9 res]ve4 ,rule #be4--,:5 seconds disagree1 & resolve to ex*ange %ots !mselves1 x mu/ be at ! same "t & at "r angles ) _! pr9cipals4 ,if ) swords1 side by side1 at five paces int]val4 ,n4,b4 ,all matt]s & d\bts n h]e9 m5tion$1 w be expla9$ & cle>$ up by application to ! committee1 :o meet alt]nately at ,clonmell & ,galway1 at _! qu>t] sessions1 = ! purpose4 ,,cr[ ,,ryan1 ,presid5t4 ,,james ,,keog1 ,,amby ,,bodk91 ,secret>ies4 ,,additional ,,galway ,,articles ,rule #a4--,no p>ty c be all[$ to b5d 8 knee or cov] 8 side ) 8 left h&2 b may pres5t at any level f ! hip to ! eye4 ,rule #b4--,"o c nei!r advance nor retreat1 if ! gr\nd be measur$4 ,if ! gr\nd be unmeasur$1 ei!r p>ty may advance at pleasure1 ev5 to t\* muzzle2 b nei!r c advance on 8 adv]s>y aft] ! fire1 unless 8 adv]s>y /ep =w>d on him4 ,! seconds /& responsible = ?is la/ rule be+ /rictly obs]v$2 bad cases h accru$ f neglect+ x4 ,?is precise & enlight5$ dige/ 0 r5d]$ necess>y by ! multitude ( qu>rels t ar\se )\t suffici5t dignifi$ provocation3 ! po9t ( honor m5 requir$ a uni=m gov]nm5t2 & ! code ?us =m$ 0 dissem9at$ ?r\gh\t ! isl&1 ) directions t x %\ld be /rictly obs]v$ by all g5tlem51 & kept 9 _! pi/ol cases4 ,! rules1 ) "s o!rs1 7 commonly /yl$ ! ?irty-six comm&m5ts1 &1 accord+ to ! au?or1 h be5 mu* act$ ^u d[n to ! pres5t day4 ,tipp]>y & ,galway 7 ! *ief s*ools ( duell+4 ,we rememb] to h he>d1 9 travell+ to ! t[n ( ! =m] "n 9 a /age coa*1 a dispute betwe5 two ,iri% companions1 on ! po9t1 :i* 0 ! mo/ g5tlemanly c\ntry 9 all ,irel&--,tipp]>y or ,galway8 & bo? laid great /ress ^u ! relative duell+ m]its ( ^? c\nties4 ,by ! same crit]ion1 ,t5nessee1 ,k5tucky1 ,georgia & ,s\? ,c>ol9a1 w\ld be> away ! palm ( g5tility among ! ,/ates ( ! ,union4