,,! ,,book ,,( ,,! ,,bayeux ,,tape/ry ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,transcrib]'s ,notes3 ,additional in=mation ab\t ! ,bayeux ,tape/ry c be f\nd "h3 https3_/_/en4wikip$ia4org_/wiki_/,bayeux ,tape/ry ,mu* nic] images ( ! tape/ry itself c be f\nd "h3 https3_/_/www4bayeuxmuseum4com_/en_/!-ba yeux-tape/ry ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,illu/ration ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,! ,,book ,,( ,,! ,,bayeux ,,tape/ry ,,pres5t+ ,,! ,,complete ,,"w ,,9 ,a ,,s]ies ,,( ,,col\r ,,facsimiles3 ,,! ,,introduction ,,n>rative ,,by ,,hilaire ,,belloc ,,london ,,*atto ,,w9dus #aiad ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,all rights res]v$ ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,introduction ,at ,bayeux 9 ,norm&y1 a little t[n z old p]haps z our race & old] c]ta9ly ?an our records & our religion1 !re is to be se5 9 ! ma9 room ( :at 0 once ! ,bi%op's ,palace a docum5t unique 9 ,europe4 ,!re is no o!r example1 ,i ?9k1 ( a record1 contempor>y or ne>ly contempor>y1 ( an ev5t s remote 9 ! /ory ( ,*ri/5dom1 detail$ ^u s consid]able a scale & relat+ to a matt] ( su* mom5t4 ,x is ^! ?ree *>act]s comb9$ :i* give to ! ,bayeux ,tape/ry its value4 ,we h1 inde$1 pictorial repres5tation m accurate & m detail$ 9 "s few cases1 b relat+ to ! p]iods :5 mat]ial civilisation 0 high--be=e ! ,d>k ,ages4 ,we h aga9 an ample /ore ( evid5ce pictorial & writt51 relat+ to ! vivid life ( ! e>li] ,middle ,ages1 & ( c\rse1 an ov]:elm+ mass ( matt] deal+ ) ev]y?+ t accompani$ or has succe$$ ! ,r5aissance4 ,ev5 ( ! ,d>k ,ages & ( t viol5t & happy transition f ! ,d>k ,ages to ,m$ival civilisation1 we h "h & !re %>p pictures--mo/ly pictures ( ! p5 & n ( ! p5cil4 ,b ^! pictures relate--almo/ always--episodes :i* 7 n ! capital episodes ( _! "t4 ,! ,bayeux ,tape/ry /&s q ap>t 9 ?is3 t x repres5ts s fai?fully & s ?or\ghly "o ( ! half-doz5 acts ess5tial to ! remak+ ( ,europe1 & t x s repres5ts an act :i*1 on ! analogy ( e o!r ( t e>ly "t1 we %\ld expect to receive only f a %ort & d\btful lit]>y acc\nt4 ,x is ! "o picture we h ( any magnitude %[+ u ! ?+s ( ! ,crusad+ turn+-po9t4 ,= ,we/]n ,*ri/5dom1 z we "k1 awoke f its sleep & fl[]$ into ! ,middle ,ages ?r\gh ?ree great ef=ts3 ,! ,norman ,adv5tures1 ! ,re=m ( ! ,*ur* "u ,/4 ,gregory ,,vii1 & ! ,crusad+ ,m>*4 ,all ^! 7 ! product ( a sort ( spr+ :i* came ^u our ance/ry m ?an eight hundr$ ye>s ago1 & :i* re/or$ 9 a r5ew$ =m ! civilisation ( ! ,we/4 ,( t spr+ ! ,bayeux ,tape/ry rema9s ! "o piece ( ocul> description :i* has surviv$4 ,un=tunately1 !re mu/ be add$ to ?is /atem5t 7:i* w\ld be f9al if we c\ld be c]ta9 ( our dates7 a critical w>n+4 ,! date ( ! "w is n c]ta94 ,i w set =? 9 a mom5t ! argum5ts :i* h be5 put =w>d = fix+ ! "w to ?is or to t mom5t4 ,we c happily be c]ta9 beyond reasonable d\bt t x 0 produc$ )9 ! lifetime ( m5 :o c\ld rememb] ! ,invad]s ( ,engl&4 ,x is n lat] ?an t4 ,x has ev5 be5 believ$ to be actually contempor>y ) ! ,invasion itself1 & produc$ "u ! direction ( ^? :o took "p 9 ! exp$ition4 ,b ?\gh x is virtually a contempor>y docum5t1 ev5 if we f9d ourselves compell$ to accept ! l[] ( ^! limits1 yet we un=tunately h n a def9ite pro( ( ! ye> or ye>s 9 :i* ! "w 0 f9i%$4 ,?is is ! "o po9t :i* m>s our satisfaction 9 our possession ( ?is ?+4 ,x is "h wor?y ( curi\s rem>k t ! hi/ory ( ! ,engli% is s+ul>ly =tunate 9 ! weal? ( record :i* x has at call4 ,no o!r nation has su* an accumulation ( anci5t te/imony to h&4 ,no o!r nation has su* a docum5t z ! ,anglo-,saxon ,*ronicle or z ! ,doomsday ,survey1 &1 by an accid5t bo? ( civil & ( religi\s hi/ory1 no o!r nation has pres]v$ ?r\gh ! revolutions ( a ?\s& ye>s s mu* mat]ial record unde/roy$4 ,:5 a man fir/ sees ! ,tape/ry at ,bayeux 8 imm$iate impression & 8 mo/ vivid "o is ! impression occasionally1 b r>ely1 produc$ by "s p]fect ar*itectural relic--an impression ( livel9ess z ?\gh "t _h be5 telescop$ up = 8 advantage4 ,i say t ?is impression is r>e1 b :5 we d get x1 x is viol5t4 ,y feel x 9 ! 8immortal m>ble undecay$0 ( a portrait bu/ ( ! ,m$it]ranean2 9 ! %>p col\r+ ( ! fun]eal inscriptions ( ,con/ant9e2 9 ! flag/ones & ! columns ( ! ,=um at ,timgad4 ,x is exce$+ly difficult to convey 9 language ?is %ock :i* ! eye receives :5 c5turies seem to drop out & ! action ( m5 to be br\ght up f ! remote pa/ to ! pres5t z an object is br\ght up f ! remote di/ance to ! =egr\nd ?r\gh ! action ( a l5s4 ,i c be/ comp>e x to ! %ock :i* ! m9d receives ^u he>+ aft] _m ye>s1 & long aft] x has be5 ?\ght =gott51 a famili> voice2 or to t simil> arre/ t our :ole be+ suff]s :5 we smell "s smell :i* w5t ) a :ole exp]i5ce ( y\?4 ,i say x is v r>ely t a surviv+ monum5t ( ! remote pa/ w give ?is %ock4 ,mo/ antique mat]ial ?+s c>ry deeply bitt5 into !m ! evid5ces ( decay4 ,b n[ & !n 7! ,gospel ( ,/4 ,*ad at ,li*field occurs to me z ,i write7 y get fre%ness &1 z x 71 companion%ip f some?+ :i* belongs to ! dead1 :o h be5 dead s long t ! v /yle ( _! lives has vani%$4 ,all ?is y get :5 y fir/ see ! canvas at ,bayeux4 ,x mu/ next be cle>ly und]/ood 9 :at conv5tion & ) :at purpose ^? :o made ?is embroid]y work$4 ,! object ( all ?is k9d ( "w 9 e age :]e x has fl\ri%$ 7& su* ages cov] ne>ly ! :ole ( human hi/ory7 is to e/abli% a record4 ,! motive is 8le/ ! de$s ( ^? great m51 our fa!rs1 %\ld p]i%40 ,n[1 !re are a hundr$ ways ( satisfy+ t motive m or less4 ,! "o t fir/ occurs to u to-day is ( c\rse ,inscription4 ,b ,inscription suff]s f two faults3 fir/1 x is n univ]sal2 secondly1 x is jejune4 ,x is n univ]sal1 because ! writt5 *>act]s & ! language :i* !y express _c be univ]sal4 ,!y may be lo/1 or !y may become prov9cial & neglect$4 ,x is jejune because full exp]i5ce is n to be cr[d$ into ev5 an excess ( words4 ,y w f9d 9 ,norm&y 7n a day's walk f ,bayeux1 by ! way7 a v long inscription to a local p]sonage ( ! ?ird c5tury4 ,x is 9 ,lat9--t is1 9 ! mo/ univ]sal ( lit]>y m$iums--& yet x has s]v$ pr9cipally = ! qu>rels ( ar*ologi/s4 ,!re is no prime t]m 9 any e>ly inscription t w n s]ve = su* a qu>rel1 simply because language is an imp]fect symbol4 ,y are pleas$ to und]/& to-day ! inscription ^u a bronze tablet let into ! wall ( a public build+ & ?us inscrib$3 8,?is ,f\ndation ,/one 0 laid by ! ,rev4 ,*>les ,woodle1 ,m4,a41 on ! occasion ( ! ,second ,jubilee ( ,h] ,graci\s ,maje/y ,que5 ,victoria40 ,y und]/& :at x means4 ,a few c5turies h5ce 7if ! language has surviv$71 "o det]m9+ symbol aft] ano!r w be a matt] ( dispute4 ,m5 w be argu+ :at 8,rev40 means1 :at 8,m4,a402 p]haps :at 8,jubilee10 :at 8,graci\s0--& all ! re/ ( x4 ,! ^w 8,f\ndation0 w give !m a good deal ( tr\ble4 ,:at is ! alt]native8 ,if record by v]bal symbol is s imp]fect & if all symbol mu/ be s5sual1 :at o!r s5se c we approa*8 ,humanity has nev] made any?+ ( ! symbolism ( music1 & nev] w4 ,x is n fix$4 ,!re rema9 only ! eye & ! picture meant = ! eye4 ,n[ 9 a picture1 h[ev] rude or h[ev] p]fect1 :e!r 9 ! flat or ! r\nd1 y get ! mo/ p]man5t record4 ,all humanity except our "t has und]/ood t4 ,! appeal to ! eye is at once ! mo/ univ]sal1 & c be ) ! lea/ exp5se ( ef=t ! mo/ detail$4 ,our own "t w probably suff] m ?r\gh ! neglect ( ?is ?an ?r\gh any o!r ( our neglects1 & po/]ity w ignore u mo/ ?r\gh our lack ( pictorial symbol4 ,x does n tell a future age any?+ to pa9t a picture ( c[s at a =d4 ,x tells a future age v little to pa9t a picture ( ! ,coronation1 b to make a bas-relief ( "o policeman hold+ up "o motor-bus1 "o man sell+ newspap]s to "o o!r man1 & s on1 all along a frieze1 w\ld be to leave a record ( ,london1 & a record :i* w\ld be indep5d5t ( ! vitality ( alphabets & idioms4 ,n[1 ?is k9d ( record dem&s a ,conv5tion2 9 o!r words1 x mu/ be symbolic mu* m ?an x is mimetic1 & t is ! note y get 9 ! "w pres]v$ at ,bayeux4 ,n ! reproduction ( ?+s se51 b ! p]petuation ( _! ideas3 a few figures /&+ = a ho/3 an emblem def9+ a man3 an episode notic$ to its simple/ t]ms4 ,n[ z to ! au!nticity (1 or to be m accurate ! date (1 ?is fam\s docum5t4 ,! m slip%od1 e>li]1 & picturesque hi/orians1 ) _! t\* ( *>latanism & _! eye ^u ! public 7notably ,freeman71 naturally desir$ to believe1 & ev5 m naturally said1 t ! embroid]y n[ pres]v$ at ,bayeux 0 exactly contempor>y ) ! ,conque/4 ,we mu/ n include 9 our criticism or our blame su* m5 z ,napoleon1 :o1 aft] all1 did n pron\nce himself1 b took :at he 0 told2 nor m5 n pr(ess$ly hi/orians :o c>ri$ on ! tradition t ! "w came f ! ne$le ( ,william ! ,conqu]or's wife & h] ladies4 ,an unhi/orical /atem5t proce$+ f "o :o does n pr(ess acqua9tance ) ! bases ( hi/ory _c be s]i\sly criticis$4 ,b1 z ! leg5d t ! ,bayeux embroid]y is actually contempor>y ) ! ,invasion ( ,engl& has be5 erect$ into a sort ( ,univ]sity dogma & propagat$ ?r\gh ,engli% s*ools & text-books1 x is z well to po9t out to my read]s ! nature ( ?is simple error4 ,! ,battle ( ,ha/+s 0 f\ght on ! #ad? ( ,octob] #ajff4 ,! ,bayeux ,tape/ry is lat] ?an ! ,fir/ ,crusade1 ! climax ( :i* campaign 0 ! capture ( ,j]usalem on ,july #ae1 #ajii4 ,x is z c]ta9ly lat] ?an ! ,fir/ ,crusade z a picture ( a man 9 tr\s]s & a top-hat is lat] ?an ! ,fr5* ,revolution4 ,h[ mu* lat] x is ?an ! ,fir/ ,crusade we _c yet say1 & p]haps w nev] be able to say4 ,we c say 7j z we c say ab\t ! g5tleman 9 ! tr\s]s & ! top-hat7 t x is q appreciably lat] ?an ! turn+-po9t 9 hi/ory *os5 = our fix$ date ( *ange4 ,x 0 ! ,fr5* ,revolution :i* di/urb$1 woke up1 re>rang$ society4 ,atta*+ to t big bus9ess any numb] ( ext]nal expressions may be discov]$--quasi-democratic p>liam5ts1 ! mod]n po/-(fice1 conscript armies1 c4 c41 b ! hi/orical date is #aghi-agie4 ,"o ( ! products or m>ks ( ! *ange is ! *ange 9 co/ume4 ,ev5 an exp]t 9 ! di/ant future might be puzzl$ to tell y :e!r ! engrav+ ( a man 9 tr\s]s & a top-hat 0 tw5ty or ?irty or =ty or fifty ye>s lat] ?an #agie4 ,b he c\ld be absolutely c]ta9 if a prop] k ( ! pa/ _h surviv$ t x 0 "s few ye>s1 say t5 or fifte5 ye>s1 or1 ev5 bett]1 tw5ty ye>s lat] ?an ! conclusion ( ! ,revolution>y upheaval4 ,n[1 s x is ) ! ,bayeux ,tape/ry & ! ,fir/ ,crusade4 ,! dates ( ! ,fir/ ,crusade are #ajif-ii4 ,x 0 accompli%$ f ?irty to ?irty-?ree ye>s aft] ! ,battle ( ,ha/+s4 ,william 0 dead "s "t2 m5 :o1 z boys1 _h deploy$ ^u ,telham ,hill1 & *>g$ up ! slope ( battle 7 grizzl$1 7 betwe5 fifty & sixty1 :5 t squire f ,s\rdeval fir/ leapt ^u ! wall ( ,j]usalem4 ,b ! effect ( a great *ange1 its ext]nal effect 9 habilim5t & ! re/1 takes "s few ye>s to "w1 & e>ly z we may put ! ,bayeux ,tape/ry1 we _c put x e>li] ?an a date 9 :i* m5 :o may 9 y\? h se5 ! fight at ,ha/+s 7 c]ta9ly old1 ev5 if !y surviv$ to give _! te/imony4 ,9 r\gh figures1 !re mu/ be an int]val ( at lea/ fifty ye>s4 ,x is m probable t ! int]val 0 ( great] l5g? ?an t--b fifty ye>s is ! m9imum4 ,let me briefly lay be=e ! read] ! evid5ce ^u :i* ?is decision mu/ be accept$4 ,i w ent] into no "o ( ! _m--,i _h almo/ said innum]able--d\btful details4 ,i w n ev5 l+] ^u "o "p ( ! evid5ce1 :i* is v /rik+--! fact t ! l5g? ( ! ,tape/ry exactly co9cides ) ! cont\r ( ! nave ( ,bayeux ,ca!dral1 ^u :i* x 0 annually hung4 ,& my reason = n press+ ?is po9t is t we h no def9ite evid5ce ^u ! date ( ! nave ( ,bayeux4 ,let me make myself cle>4 ,we "k1 ( c\rse1 t ! ,go?ic is r\ghly ! product ( ! ,crusades4 ,we "k t ! ,romanesque is r\ghly ! pre-,crusade ar*itecture4 ,a man has b to see ! int]ior ( ,bayeux ,ca!dral 7z ,i did at ,mass ?ree or f\r mon?s ago dur+ my inspection ( ?is docum5t7 to see t t nave is a product ( ! ,transition4 ,b %ort ( docum5ts tell+ u exactly :5 ! gr\nd plan ( ! nave 0 drawn up1 we _c e/abli% a date )9 fifty ye>s4 ,:at adds to our ignorance is ! fact t y\r lat] "w 0 ne>ly always & ?r\gh\t ,europe modell$ ^u y\r e>li] "w4 ,consid]1 = in/ance1 all ! discussion ) reg>d to ! ext5sion ( ! we/]n end ( ,*>tres2 or consid] ! massive ,romanesque f\ndation & pill>s ( ,notre ,dame 9 ,p>is1 ) its ,go?ic sup]/ructure2 consid] ! accid5t by :i* we owe ! ,go?ic unity ( t monum5t to ! fire :i* happ5$ to de/roy 9 #abah ! orig9al ,romanesque apse4 ,_h evid5ce ( dates n surviv$ 9 ! case ( ,notre ,dame we might be out by any?+ betwe5 fifty & sev5ty ye>s4 ,s ) ,bayeux4 ,! correspond5ce ( ! l5g? ( ! ,tape/ry to ! l5g? ( ! nave proves t ! ,tape/ry 0 at lea/ n e>li] ?an ! nave1 b we d n "k t ! nave may n h be5 ( j t l5g? be=e "s process ( rebuild+4 ,no2 ! evid5ce t ! ,bayeux ,tape/ry is lat] ?an ! ,battle ( ,ha/+s & ! reign ( ,william ! ,conqu]or is ( a simpl] & m conclusive k9d1 & resides 9 ! idea ! arti/ _h ( m5's acc\trem5ts--dress & arms4 ,let me detail ^!4 ,fir/1 ,edw>d ! ,confessor be>s a cr[n m>k$ by ! fleur-de-lis4 ,n[ ! fleur-de-lis ?us m>k$ ^u ! cr[n is a matt] ( ! twelf? c5tury1 n ( ! elev5?--j z is ! oriflamme4 ,! sceptre1 if we may judge by ! seals & manuscripts 7:i* ) v r>e sculptural examples are our sole evid5ce71 is a twelf?-c5tury & n an elev5?-c5tury sceptre4 ,?is note on co/ume is true ev5 d[n to ! details ( ! %oes ^u ! feet2 !y are ! %oes ( ! middle ( ! twelf?1 n ( ! end ( ! elev5? c5tury4 ,n[ turn to some?+ ^u a l>g] l9e1 ?\gh n m conclusive3 ! adornm5t ( ! %ield4 ,i am "h ^u v vague gr\nd1 & ,i "k x4 ,b ,i ?9k t gr\nd1 ?\gh vague1 has limits inf]ior & sup]ior4 ,! cu/om ( adorn+ ! %ield ) di/9ctive m>ks :i* might be recognis$ 9 battle1 is ( c\rse z old z ! _w--or at lea/ z old z ! pr(ession ( arms4 ,b some?+ ritual & regul> atta*+ to ?is habit1 some?+ :i* made x "p ( society & a :eel )9 ! ma*9]y almo/ ( law & c]ta9ly ( social habit1 is ! creation ( ! ,crusades4 ,a mod]n p>allel w make my po9t cle>4 ,a *eque is some?+ belong+ to ! n9ete5? c5tury1 especially ! latt] "p ( ! n9ete5? c5tury4 ,ord]s = paym5ts sign$ 9 v>i\s ways are v mu* old]4 ,b a *eque is a *eque4 ,x is some?+ cry/allis$ & develop$ 9 :at is n[ a fix$ & a f9al =m4 ,s ) armorial be>+s4 ,br+ me "s new docum5t :i* %[s t ,*>lemagne himself _h ! sun or ! moon pa9t$ ^u 8 %ield1 & ,i %all n be surpris$2 b ,i d "k t ! regul> portraiture ( su* & su* emblems to repres5t su* & su* p1 & ! common habit among great families ( always hav+ su*1 is po/]ior to & n prior to ! ,crusad+ m>*3 x 0 inde$1 9 ! ma91 a product ( ! ,crusad+ m>*4 ,n[1 ! ,bayeux ,tape/ry1 ?\gh x %[s u mo/ ( ! %ields )\t su* signs 7= mo/ ( !m 7 ! %ields ( common knights71 yet %[s ! %ields ( lead]s regul>ly adorn$ ) di/9ctive be>+s2 note1 = in/ance1 ! f\r lords :o come f ,guy ( ,pon?ieu to take ,h>old prison]4 ,ea* ( ^! %ields c>ries an armorial be>+4 ,! two h]alds or mess5g]s1 m5 presumably ( position1 :o ride to tell ,william ! ov]lord t ,guy has captur$ ,h>old1 are simil>ly di/+ui%$4 ,^? 9 ! imm$iate suite ( ! sov]eigns or quasi-sov]eigns %[ ! m>k1 z :5 ,h>old is int]view$ by ,william4 ,"o pr9cipal %ield is hung ^u ! fir/ two %ips ( ^? :i* sail = ,engl& = ! ,conque/1 & ea* has armorial be>+s4 ,nor ne$ ! read] be surpris$ at ! numb] ( %ields :i* h none1 if he w consid] h[ l>ge a proportion are se5 9 rev]se--t is1 f ! inside--! side :]e ! %ield 0 held by ! arm1 ! side :i* 0 turn$ t[>ds ! body4 ,= :]e ! arti/ describ+ a fight %[s u ! "r arm ) its weapon1 & !re=e ! left arm hold+ ! %ield f )91 he _c let u "k :e!r ! %ield 0 ornam5t$ or no4 ,b turn to ! sc5es :]e ! fight is ^u ! def5sive1 z1 = in/ance1 t %[+ ,h>old's resi/ance to ! ,norman *>ge1 !re y at once get ! lead]s ) _! pictur$ %ields m>k+ ! di/9ction ( rank2 or aga91 :]e ! ,norman *>ge 9 ! next panel is %[n gett+ home into ! ,saxon axes--!re y h two %ields out ( five di/9ctively ornam5t$4 ,9 ! episode ( ! dea? ( ! bro!rs ( ,h>old1 all ! ?ree %ields t appe> h "s m>k4 ,!re is no ne$ to lab\r ! po9t1 nor ev5 to po9t out ! elaborate design ^u "o ( ! %ields portray$ 9 ! pursuit ( ! defeat$ army4 ,x is evid5t t we are deal+ ) a "w produc$ at a "t :5 x 0 ?\ght normal t any man ( di/9ction %\ld c>ry 8 m>k ^u 8 %ield1 &1 ,i repeat1 to ?9k t normal 0 ! /ate ( m9d ( ! middle twelf? c5tury at e>lie/ & n ( ! mid-elev5? c5tury at all4 ,!re is j "o good argum5t & only "o = ! contempor>y "* ( ! docum5t2 t argum5t is ! argum5t f tradition4 ,x is an argum5t to :i* ,i %all always (f] ! greate/ rev]5ce1 p>ticul>ly z x has be5 p>ticul>ly despis$ by ! sup]ficial b popul> ,univ]sity hi/orians ( ! la/ c5tury4 ,tradition is c]ta9ly ! b9d+ elem5t 9 social memory1 & if "o c\ld discov] an active tradition t ! embroid]y ( ,bayeux _h be5 made by ! wives ( ^? :o f\ght at ,ha/+s1 ?\gh exi/+ evid5ce n traditional w\ld compel u to reject t tradition 9 its absolute =m1 yet x w\ld be our duty to consid] closely h[ ! tradition arose & :at x might mean--= in/ance1 x might mean t ! exi/+ "w 0 ! adaptation ( an e>li] "w4 ,b1 z a fact1 ! tradition is n old4 ,x 0 n ( popul> b ( academic1 & !re=e ( wor?less1 orig94 ,! lat] ,middle ,ages seem to h kn[n no?+ ( x2 ! ,*apt] ( ! ,ca!dral1 :i* 0 ! cons]vator ( ! docum5t1 be>s no te/imony ( ! sort4 ,to call ! ,bayeux ,tape/ry 8,que5 ,matilda's ,tape/ry0 seems to h be5 no?+ b ! guesswork ( an antiqu>ian don4 ,let u leave x at t4 ,ano!r evid5ce ( date is ! fact 7to :i* ,i %all make cont9ual allusion 9 ! text7 t ! ,bayeux ,tape/ry foll[s fairly closely ! ,roman de ,r\1 ,wace's poem describ+ ! ,conque/2 & t poem _c be e>li] ?an ! middle ( ! twelf? c5tury--x is usually put z late z ! la/ ?ird ( ! twelf?4 ,n only is ,wace foll[$1 b c]ta9 o!r au?orities :i* help to date ! production4 ,n[ ?is w\ld be q conclusive b = "o rebutt+ argum5t1 ! value ( :i* ,i leave to ! judgm5t ( ! read]4 ,! writt5 s\rces :i* ! ,tape/ry appe>s to foll[ w\ld repose ^u c]ta9 common traditions1 memories1 & e>li] docum5ts1 & ! ,tape/ry might be imag9$ to repose ^u ! same4 ,b ! g5]al rule 9 trac+ ! s\rces ( human "w ( ?is sort is t ! writt5 acc\nt prec$es ! pictorial & s]ves z a basis = x1 :ile ! conv]g5ce ( ?is evid5ce ) ! evid5ce ( acc\trem5ts & dress leaves little d\bt4 ,we h 9 ! ,bayeux ,tape/ry some?+ c]ta9ly lat] ?an #aadj1a almo/ c]ta9ly lat] ?an #aaej1 probably z late z #aafj1 b1 on ! o!r h&1 c]ta9ly prior to ! date #abjj4 ,footnote #a3 ,! bi] ( ,edw>d ! ,confessor is design$ 9 ! twelf? c5tury fa%ion1 n 9 ! elev5?--! long ve/m5t ( ! royal p]sonages ?r\gh\t is a twelf?-c5tury n an elev5?-c5tury type4 ,! description ( ! coat ( mail 9 ,wace 7v]ses #febb & ! foll[+7 is t ( ! ,tape/ry2 & mo/ important ( all ! coat ( mail ( ! ,tape/ry is no long] ! m]e brea/plate1 b ! full coat ( ! ,crusad+ p]iod4 ,x is true t we h v little in=mation ^u ! elev5? c5tury arm\r1 b ) ! ,crusades we d get a full description1 & we h a "r to judge by :at we "k r ?an by :at we d n "k4 ,?us ,ord]icus ,vitalis rem>ks ! full coat z a novelty4 ,! helmet ) a nasal is n n[ 9 any docum5t be=e ! seal ( ,baldw91 ! late #aaae1 b aft] t date x is common1 z "o may see 9 ! seal ( ,*>les ( ,fl&]s or ( ,mat!w ( ,montmor5cy4 ,inde$1 ! seal ( ,william ! ,conqu]or himself gives no sign ( ! nasal1 & ! same is true ( ! seals ( ! ,fir/ ,crusade4 ,?is k9d ( helmet is :olly twelf? c5tury2 b rem>k t ,william1 9 ! ,*ronicles1 lift$ 8 helmet to %[ 8 face4 ,s !re is "h d\bt4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,notes ,! correspond+ ref]5ce-numb]s w be f\nd 9 ! foll[+ text4 ,footnote #b3 ,_m ( our hi/orians c>elessly talk ( ,h>old be+ br\ght to ,r\54 ,we h no pro( ( ?is4 ,!re is j "o allusion 9 ! ,*ronicles to ! place :]e deliv]y ( ,h>old's body 0 made f ,guy to ,william1 & ! place m5tion$ is :at we %\ld expect1 a fronti] t[n1 ,eu4 ,! ,palatium does n only mean a place1 x also means an in/itution2 & ?\gh ,r\5 0 ,william's *ief city1 :5ev] he mov$1 8 cl]ks & /aff ( gov]nm5t--t is1 8 8,palatium0--mov$ ) him4 ,footnote #c3 ,mr4 ,oman 9 8 v]sion ( ! affair makes ,bonneville ! sc5e ( ! oa?4 ,i h n se5 ! pro( ( ?is4 ,! two fundam5tal pieces ( evid5ce--,wace & ! ,tape/ry--bo? say ,bayeux4 ,william _h a ca/le above ! riv] ,t\ques at ,bonneville1 & ru9s ( x1 or ( a lat] con/ruction ^u its site1 c be se5 to-day2 b x is a good two days' m>* f ,bayeux4 ,! ,fr5* ^w 8p>liam5t0 meant1 ( c\rse1 any g5]al assembly = discussion1 & 0 "h us$ ( some?+ e>li] ?an any repres5tative assembly1 ?\gh ^! 7 already spr++ up 9 ! ,spani% ,m>* ( ! ,pyr5ees1 to :i* di/rict we owe ! orig9 ( repres5tative in/itutions4 ,footnote #d3 ,i h nev] und]/ood :y ?is ?ird mess5g] %\ld h be5 confus$ ) ,h>old himself4 ,! ,lat9 inscription is q cle>3 8,"h !y gave to ,h>old ! ,cr[n ( ,k+40 ,! p hold+ ! axes are n ,h>old1 nei!r is ! man (f]+ ! cr[n1 t ,i c see4 ,footnote #e3 ,! ,tape/ry1 ( c\rse1 does n %[ ,freeman's fam\s 8,palisade10 & t = an excell5t reason4 ,! ,palisade nev] exi/$ outside ! imag9ation ( ,ox=d4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,illu/ration3 #a ,illu/ration3 #b ,illu/ration3 #c ,illu/ration3 #d ,! fir/ ?ree sections ( ! ,bayeux ,tape/ry mu/ be tak5 toge!r1 = !y describe "o incid5t1 :i* is ! dep>ture ( ,h>old f ,bo%am ! port ( ,*i*e/]1 & a manor ( 8 own4 ,( /rictly contempor>y evid5ce to t j\rney we h none4 ,we c only guess t ! ye> 9 :i* x 0 tak5 0 ! ye> #ajfd4 ,z to its motive ! ,bayeux ,tape/ry gives ( c\rse ! curr5t ,norman v]sion1 or r h9ts at x4 ,edw>d ! ,confessor is 9 8 palace at ,we/m9/]4 ,x is important to note ! conv5tional signs ( 8 rank1 ! sceptre & ! cr[n4 ,x is ! reappe>ance ( ! same symbols 9 ! cr[n+ ( ,h>old--:i* 0 9 ! ,norman v]sion 8 supreme act ( treason--t is p>ticul>ly insi/$ ^u4 ,edw>d1 ?us (ficially pres5t$ z x 71 is giv+ a message3 t is c]ta9ly ! symbolism ( ! attitude1 & x is exce$+ly likely1 ?\gh n equally c]ta91 t ! p]son to :om ! message is be+ giv5 is int5d$ = ,h>old4 ,b x is rem>kable t ! inscription "h says no?+ ( ! nature ( t message1 & t ! po9t ( capital importance--,william ( ,malmesbury's ass]tion t ,h>old 0 s5t by ,edw>d to assure ,william ( 8 succession to ! ,engli% ?rone--is n set out4 ,tak+ ,wace z ! basis ( ! ,tape/ry--& ?is is ! be/ hypo!sis--,h>old sail$ to release f ,william's cu/ody 8 bro!r ,wulfno?1 :o _h be5 kept z a ho/age 9 ,norm&y = ,k+ ,edw>d to gu>antee ,k+ ,edw>d ! fidelity ( ,godw94 ,b we mu/ rememb] t ! ,roman de ,r\ does m5tion ,edw>d's s5d+ ,h>old to assure ,william ( ! succession4 ,& on ! :ole x is mo/ likely t ! int5tion ( ! ,tape/ry is to sugge/ ?is4 ,h>old & 8 knights ride to ,bo%am4 ,h>old himself is conv5tionally di/+ui%$ by ! hawk on ! wri/4 ,! ,*ur* ( ,bo%am is introduc$ into ! /ory probably or c]ta9ly ) ! object ( emphasiz+ 7z ! ,tape/ry p]petually does7 ! religi\s enormity ( ,h>old's lat] action1 & bo? ?is visit to ! ,*ur* & ! ,fea/ 9 ! ,upp] ,room be=e emb>k+1 :i* =ms ! f\r? episode1 are cle>ly int5d$ to ref] to incid5ts :i* 7 traditional 9 ! ,norman /ory4 ,b we h1 ,i ?9k1 no rema9+ text giv+ ei!r ! visit to ! ,*ur* or ! ,fea/4 ,illu/ration3 #e ,illu/ration3 #f ,illu/ration3 #g ,illu/ration3 #h ,9 ! fif? division ,h>old & 8 suite emb>k1 & x %\ld be not$ h[ l>ge a company ! ,conv5tion ( ! ,tape/ry supposes4 ,! int5tion ( ! exp$ition 0 almo/ c]ta9ly to make a ,norman port4 ,once 9 ! ,*annel ! squ>e-rigg$ %ips c\ld n beat into a w9d t 0 too we/]ly = !m or too mu* s\? ( we/1 & _! l&-fall 0 at "s po9t ^u ! coa/ ( ,pon?ieu1 ( :i* di/rict ,c\nt ,guy 0 ! "l4 ,! po9t ^u ! coa/ ( ,pon?ieu :]e ! %ips bea*$1 or r ca/ an*or 9 ! %oal wat]1 we may presume to h be5 ! "r bank ( ! e/u>y ( ! ,somme1 = x is ! mo/ conv5i5t entry & has "s %elt] f a s\!rly w9d2 b all t flat s&y coa/ gave good opportunity = l&+ f su* vessels1 & ! fleet may h made ! ,bay ( ,au?ie or ev5 ! m\? ( ! ,can*e4 ,b ! *oice is n a wide "o1 = ! coa/ ( ,pon?ieu did n ext5d beyond ! ,can*e4 ,if ! ,somme 7 ! po9t ( entry1 x has ?is hi/orical int]e/3 t ,h>old w\ld !n h f\nd himself fat$ to l& at ! v po9t f :i* ,william two ye>s lat] 0 to sail = ! invasion ( ,engl&4 ,c\nt ,guy seiz$ ,h>old = ransom1 some?+ ( a =mality1 ?\gh a =mality :i* 0 to be ( =midable consequ5ce4 ,he takes ,h>old & 8 suite to 8,belrem0--! place to-day call$ ,beaura94 ,"h ! ,tape/ry foll[s ,wace v closely1 = x is ,wace :o tells u t ,h>old 0 recognis$ by a fi%]man1 :o s5t = ,c\nt ,guy4 ,! capital ( ,pon?ieu 0 ,montreuil1 & ?is ca/le ( ,beaura91 ( :i* ru9s /ill /&1 0 six or sev5 miles up ! riv] f ,montreuil--"o passes "r b5ea? x 9 ! railway to-day on "o's way to ,hesd94 ,illu/ration3 #i ,illu/ration3 #aj ,illu/ration3 #aa ,illu/ration3 #ab ,! la/ sc5e 9 ?is episode 7:i* ends ! fir/ "p ( ! /ory7 is a sc5e by night 9 ! hall ( ! ca/le ( ,beaura91 :]e by ! light ( tor*es ,c\nt ,guy & ,h>old 7:o h ridd5 to ,beaura9 toge!r z m5 ( equal rank ?\gh "o is be+ held to ransom7 are b>ga9+--= ! ^w 8,p>obolant0 mu/ ref] to ! discussion ( ! ransom4 ,to ?is fir/ s]ies ( episodes 9 ! /ory succe$s ! arrival ( ! ,duke ( ,norm&y's h]alds insi/+ ^u ! release ( ,h>old because ,guy 0 vassal to ,william4 ,! adv5t ( ^! mess5g]s =ms ! #ab? & #ac? sections ( ! design4 ,x is p]haps a guide to ! "t ( ye> 9 :i* all ?is took place1 t on ! bord] bel[ we h ! pl\gh+ & ! s[+ ( ! spr+4 ,!re has aris5 9 connection ) ^! mess5g]s ( ,william's a consid]able & r futile debate z to ! mean+ ( ! little figure :o is hold+ ! horses4 ,i take 8 small size to be m]ely a piece ( p]spective1 & ! ^w 8,turold0 to ref] to ! tall] figure on ! left1 to :i* x is atta*$4 ,?is "n ,turold w be famili> to ! /ud5ts ( ,norm&y 9 ano!r fam\s connection1 = x 0 a ,turold 7mu* at ?is "t7 :o put at ! end ( 8,! ,song ( ,rol&0 8 inscription3 8,?is is ! end ( :at ,turoldus wrote40 ,illu/ration3 #ac ,illu/ration3 #ad ,illu/ration3 #ae ,illu/ration3 #af ,aft] ! arrival ( ! mess5g]s ! next ?ree panels deal ) ,guy's reluctant submission to 8 ov]lord2 !n comes ! h&+ ov] ( ,h>old to ,william4 ,! ,tape/ry "h closely foll[s ,wace1 save 9 "o odd p>ticul>--t x rev]ses ! ord] ( ! sc5es & does n make q cle> ! insi/5ce ( ,william2 at lea/1 t insi/5ce & ! importance ( ! urg5t ord]s :i* ,william s5t are n evid5t to a mod]n man look+ at ! docum5t4 ,b !re is an elem5t :i* might h made x cle>] to a contempor>y1 & ?is is ! acc\trem5t ( ! mess5g]s4 ,i h spok5 ab\t ?is 9 ano!r aspect 9 ! ,preface4 ,!y are presumably m5 ( high position 9 ,william's c\rt1 = !y be> fully develop$ h]aldic signs ^u _! %ield4 ,x %\ld be rem>k$1 h[ev]1 t save = %ield & lance !y are n arm\r$1 & :e!r to indicate ha/e or ! pacific "* :i* ,william design$ to reta9 z long z possible 9 _! mission1 !y are n ev5 helmet$4 ,!re is ano!r po9t 9 ^! panels well wor? ! att5tion ( ! mod]n read] int]e/$ 9 ! date ( ! docum5t4 ,we h 9 ! bord] b5ea? an episode ( a man fight+ a be>1 & some:at to ! "r an episode :i* may be ! introduction ( tropical animals--! l>g] ,felid1 pan!rs p]haps4 ,! fir/ subject is c]ta91 ! second probable4 ,n[1 "h 7) _m o!r examples 9 ! long bord] above & bel[7 y h ! influ5ce ( ! be/i>ies 7t is1 ! twelf?-c5tury books describ+ bea/s =eign & imag9>y71 & ^!1 9 turn1 are ! product ( ! ,crusad+ m>*4 ,9 o!r words1 ^! details fit 9 ) all ! re/ ( ! conv]g+ evid5ce :i* =bids u to d\bt t ! docum5t is ( a lat] date ?an ! ,conque/ itself4 ,! la/ ( ?is gr\p ( panels1 ! #af?1 repres5ts ! br++ ( ,h>old to ,william by ,guy1 & !re foll[s a mo/ int]e/+ gr\p ( n less ?an t5 panels1 :i* =m a sep>ate episode 9 ! /ory1 & "o :i* is = _m reasons ( high hi/oric int]e/4 ,?is episode is t ( ! ,breton ,w>1 & x is curi\s to note t ! rude ?\gh vigor\s "w ( ! ,bayeux ,tape/ry tells u m ab\t x ?an any o!r au?ority4 ,! importance ( ?is contra/ betwe5 ! ,tape/ry & ! *ronicl]s w be at once app>5t4 ,x means t "s tradition or "s lo/ docum5t ascrib$ to ?is some:at inconclusive exp$ition into ,brittany holds a great place 9 ! /ory ( ,h>old & 8 relations ) ! ,conqu]or4 ,no "o :o looks at ! ,tape/ry c d\bt = a mom5t :at ! po9t ( ?is episode is4 ,! po9t is t ,h>old1 jo9+ ) ,william 9 ! exp$ition1 prov+ ( great s]vice1 rew>d$ by ,william1 & 9 g5]al mu* m closely b\nd to ! ,norman c\rt ?r\gh ?is accid5t ?an he o!rwise might h be51 0 9 all t foll[$ a trea*]\s fri5d4 ,! implication is cle>4 ,:oev] design$ ! ,tape/ry1 or furni%$ ! mat]ials f tradition1 believ$ & want$ o!rs to believe t ,h>old 0 n only =mally a traitor accord+ to ! m]e rules ( feudal society1 b also morally & fundam5tally "o1 z hav+ =gott5 & abus$ a close p]sonal tie1 ! product ( arm$ s]vice4 ,x is evid5t t 9 ! imag9ation ( contempor>ies1 & !re=e 9 ! tradition :i* !y built up1 ?is m>* ( ,h>old side by side ) ,william into ,brittany col\rs ! :ole /ory4 ,wace has b a few vague l9es j tell+ u t !re 0 su* a ?+ z a fight ) ,brittany at ?is mom5t4 ,if ,i am n mi/ak51 ,william ( ,poiti]s is ! only *ronicl] :o gives u any?+ l an acc\nt1 & ev5 s 8 acc\nt is absurdly %ort & undetail$1 ?\gh x tallies1 bo? z to ! places m5tion$ & z to ! episodes ) ! ,tape/ry4 ,! ,breton ,*ronicle1 ,i believe1 says no?+ ab\t x4 ,illu/ration3 #ag ,illu/ration3 #ah ,illu/ration3 #ai ,illu/ration3 #bj ,turn+ to ! details ( ^! t5 panels 7#ag to #bf inclusive71 "o notes aga9 ! fully develop$ armorial be>+s ^u ! ret9ue ( ,william1 & 9 ! next panel ! conv5tion ( ! ,palatium1#b t capital in/itution ( ,europe1 ! seat ( gov]nm5t 9 e l&2 9 "o aspect a build+1 9 ano!r a body ( m51 & ?r\gh\t ! ,we/ = a ?\s& ye>s ! cont9uator ( ,rome4 ,x is also int]e/+ to note ! attempt at portraiture 9 ! case ( ,william4 ,! r\nd bullet head & squ>e %\ld]s ( ! ,gaul 7! slight & di/ant /ra9 ( ,sc&9avian blood seems to h influ5c$ nei!r 8 s\l nor 8 body7 are emphasiz$ 9 ?is fir/ introduction ( him1 & x is possible s to emphasize ! portrait because he is s repres5t$ 9 ?is e>ly "p ( ! s]ies nei!r helmet$ nor cr[n$4 ,! episode ( ! prie/ & ( ! woman :o is giv5 ! "n ( 8,aelfgyva0 has1 if ,i am n mi/ak51 rema9$ q inexplicable4 ,i w n foll[ my pr$ecessors 9 ! criticism ( ?is1 = ,i c sugge/ no?+ new ) reg>d to x4 ,all :o h writt5 on ! ,tape/ry ) any c>e = hi/orical accuracy & = ! _s ( rese>* h admitt$ _! incompet5ce to expla9 ! ?+4 ,!re foll[s ^u x ! rid+ out ( ! army across ! neck ( ! ,cot5t9 t[>ds ! ,mont ,/4 ,mi*ael1 :i* 01 z x 71 ! b\nd>y /one betwe5 ,brittany & ,norm&y2 & "h we h ! fir/ appe>ance ( ^? knights 9 full arm\r1 :i* are s *>act]i/ic ( ! *ief episodes 9 ! ,tape/ry & ^: co/ume is ( su* value to u 9 e/imat+ its date4 ,!re 0 "s incid5t at ! cross+ ( ! ,c\esnon 7! b\nd>y riv] betwe5 ,norm&y & ,brittany7 :i* evid5tly vividly impress$ contempor>ies & :i* fur!r emphasiz$ ! n[ intimate & p]sonal bond betwe5 ,h>old & ! ,norman c\rt4 ,illu/ration3 #ba ,illu/ration3 #bb ,illu/ration3 #bc ,illu/ration3 #bd ,! riv] 0 =d$4 ,m5 & horses got caught 9 ! quicks&s1 & 9 "s fa%ion x 0 ,h>old & 8 m5 :o sav$ ^? :o 7 9 p]il4 ,x is wor? po9t+ out 9 ?is connection t !re 0 a bridge at ,pontorson1 )9 a few miles ( ! m\?2 :y t bridge 0 n us$ sugge/s an int]e/+ conjecture4 ,p]haps ! enemy held x1 & ,william took 8 =ce r\nd by ! sea%ore to ! nor? 9 ord] to outflank ! position4 ,conan ( ,brittany fell back on ,dol1 & !n back aga9 f ,dol to ,r5nes4 ,9 ! repres5tation ( ! retreat f ,dol y h a man slid+ d[n a rope f ! walls1 :i* may be ! memory ( "s incid5t1 or m probably a conv5tional m>k ( ha/e4 ,i presume a retreat ^u ,r5nes1 ?\gh ! only pro( ( x is ! s+le ^w 8,r$nes0 & ! conv5tional draw+ to repres5t ! t[n4 ,at any rate1 ! 8hub ( ! campaign0 0 at ,d9ant2 ! ma9 fight 0 r\nd ! walls ( t t[n1 & ,conan is repres5t$ 9 ! ,tape/ry z surr5d]+ x4 ,he 8(f]s ! keys to ,william0 9 ! inscription ^u ?is panel4 ,illu/ration3 #be ,illu/ration3 #bf ,illu/ration3 #bg ,illu/ration3 #bh ,n[ ! v little docum5t>y evid5ce we h goes to %[ t ?is is leg5d r ?an hi/ory1 & fur!r sugge/s ! comp>ative lat5ess ( ! ,tape/ry1 = ,william ( ,poiti]s tells u t ! exp$ition 0 on ! :ole unsuccessful4 ,^! t5 panels ( ! ,breton ,exp$ition 7:i* ,i desire once m to po9t out z capital 9 ! :ole /ory--z told 9 ! ,bayeux ,tape/ry7 end ) a %ort & simple b critical incid5t1 & t is ! giv+ ( arms to ,h>old by ,william4 ,! ?+ 0 already a ritual & ! m5tion ( no?+ c\ld h m /ruck ! m5 ( ! twelf? c5tury ) ! clos5ess ( ! p]sonal tie betwe5 ,william & ,h>old1 :i* all ?is "p ( ! ,tape/ry is design$ to br+ into relief4 ,x is symbolis$ 9 ! #bf? panel4 ,! next two panels 7#bg & #bh7 repres5t :at is 9 popul> hi/ory ! pivot ( ! :ole /ory1 ,h>old's oa?4 ,x is1 ( c\rse1 ! *ief s+le ev5t 9 ! /ory ( :at ! ,norman writ]s reg>d z 8 treason4 ,note fir/ t ! sc5e is ,bayeux4 ,t is important1 bo? because x expla9s :y ?is fav\rite t[n ( ,william's %\ld also be ! cu/odian ( ! docum5t be=e u1 & because x aga9 ref]s u to ,wace & ! ,roman de ,r\4 ,wace is ! only au?or1 ,i believe1 :o puts d[n ,bayeux z ! sc5e ( ,h>old's oa?4 ,i w give ! words f ! ,roman de ,r\ t ! read] may judge3 8,t he 7,h>old7 w\ld give up to him 7,william7 ,engl& :5 ! ,k+ ,edw>d %\ld die1 & t he 7,h>old7 %\ld take to wife1 if he will$1 a daught] t he 7,william7 _h4 ,?is1 if he w\ld1 he %\ld swe>4 ,william 444 summon$ a ,p>liam5t#c at ,bayeux z p say10 c4 c4 ,william is clo!d 9 all ! ritual g>m5ts ( 8 au?ority1 g>m5ts :i* 7 = ! rul]s ( t day almo/ hi]>*ic & prie/ly2 he is seat$ ^u a ?rone1 & ev]y?+ is done by ! arti/ to br+ out ! solemnity ( ! occasion4 ,h>old swe>s ) a h& ^u ei!r reliqu>y set ^u two neighb\r+ alt>s = ! purpose ( ! oa?4 ,x is true t ! inscription ^u ! ,tape/ry tells u no?+ ( :at he is promis+ ^u oa?1 b we are q safe 9 presum+ t ! /ory foll[s ,wace & t he is promis+ ! cr[n ( ,engl&4 ,x is1 ( c\rse1 ! *ief matt] ( hi/orical dispute 9 ! :ole bus9ess :e!r ,h>old did make t promise or no4 ,illu/ration3 #bi ,illu/ration3 #cj ,9 ! next two panels 7#bi1 #cj7 ,h>old crosses ! sea1 t\*es ,engli% l&1 & comes aga9 into ! pres5ce ( 8 k+1 ,edw>d4 ,! episodes are n v /rik+4 ,p]haps ! mo/ rem>kable is ! conv5tional build+ ) a sort ( pi] ?ru/ out into ! sea1 f :i* a look-out man wat*es = ! fleet & f ! w9d[s ( :i* its arrival is also wat*$4 ,?is build+ makes ! division betwe5 ! fir/ & second ( ! panels4 ,x is rem>kable t we h no writt5 evid5ce ( ?is int]view betwe5 ,h>old & ,edw>d imm$iately foll[+ 8 l&+2 b x mu/ h tak5 place1 & evid5tly contempor>ies took x = grant$4 ,illu/ration3 #ca ,illu/ration3 #cb ,! next two panels 7#ca & #cb7 are a v curi\s in/ance ( t rev]s+ ( ! hi/orical ord] by ! ,tape/ry1 ( :i* we h already se5 a m9or example 9 ! case ( ! mess5g]s s5t by ,william to ,guy ( ,pon?ieu4 ,:at ! arti/ desir$ to d 0 to tell1 z a sep>ate little /ory1 ! dea? & burial ( ,edw>d2 b he conceiv$ ( x z an episode runn+ f "r to left1 & ! result is t1 9 ! ord] ( ! ,tape/ry1 we h ! burial actually com+ be=e ! dea?4 ,take ! two panels sep>ately1 read !m f "r to left1 & y get a consecutive /ory2 ,edw>d ^u 8 dea?-b$1 9 ! upp] "p ( ! canvas1 is speak+ 8 la/ words to 8 lieges ) ! wom5 & ! tonsur$ prie/s ab\t him4 ,9 ! l[] "p he is repres5t$ dead4 ,!n1 9 ! second "p1 to ! left1 y h ! body c>ri$ to ,we/m9/] ,abbey1 ) acolytes r++ bells & a ret9ue ( tonsur$ prie/s4 ,p]haps ! h& appe>+ f heav5 above ,we/m9/] ,abbey is design$ to indicate ! sanctity ( ! k+4 ,n[h]e does ! ,tape/ry foll[ ,wace m closely ?an 9 ^! episodes1 & ev5 if we _h no o!r evid5ce to guide u ?is portion ( ! ,tape/ry alone w\ld be almo/ suffici5t to e/abli% ! connection betwe5 ! poem & ! embroid]y4 ,illu/ration3 #cc ,illu/ration3 #cd ,!n comes ! turn+-po9t 9 ! /ory1 z 9 ! s]ies ( pictures1 & x has be5 design$ to come n q half way 9 t s]ies 7! #cd? out ( #gf panels74 ,h>old is (f]$ ! cr[n ( ,engl&3 accepts x1 & appe>s en?ron$ & 9 full regalia4 ,to ! left y h two mess5g]s hold+ ! typical battle-axe ( ! ,saxon army1 & a ?ird mess5g] po9t+ t[>ds ! dea?-b$ ( ,edw>d#d ) 8 "r h&1 & ) 8 left hold+ =? ! cr[n4 ,next y h ! same symbolism complet$ ) ! picture ( ,h>old en?ron$ z a k+4 ,! e>ly ,middle ,ages 7 c>eful to an extreme ( _! conv5tions1 :i* 7 c5turies old & :i* l9k$ !m ) ,rome4 ,to di/+ui% by conv5tional signs betwe5 a k+ & a man :o might be an actual rul] b n k+1 to di/+ui% ! v>i\s rituals ( v>i\s decisive c]emonies1 ! v>i\s acc\trem5ts & ! re/1 0 ) !m z /rict a matt] z spell+ is ) u--,i c\ld n put x m /rongly4 ,:51 !re=e1 ,h>old is repres5t$ ) ! orb & cross1 ! sceptre & ! cr[n1 & ! long ve/ure ( royalty1 seat$ on ! high ?rone1 & pres5t$ ) ! temporal sword1 t picture is equival5t to :at "s long emphatic /atem5t w\ld be 9 mod]n times t su* & su* a man _h committ$ himself to su* & su* a political action4 ,x means 8,see "h6 ,h>old did really seize ! ?rone60 ,s*ol>s h made "s play ov] ! pres5ce ( ,/ig&1 ! ,ar*bi%op ( ,cant]bury1 9 ?is panel4 ,i may briefly put be=e ! read] :at ,i make ( ?is figure4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 x is a div]g5ce f ,wace1 :o does n m5tion ,/ig&4 ,9 ! second place1 x %[s ,/ig&'s rle z ! ,ecclesia/ic responsible = ! cr[n+ ( ,h>old4 ,9 ! ?ird place1 we mu/ note t he is call$ 8,! ,ar*bi%op40 ,n[ ,i put all ?is toge!r & ,i presume t :5 ! ,tape/ry 0 produc$1 ab\t a g5]ation lat] ?an ! ,conque/1 x 0 desir$ to make prom95t ! fact t a man held to be s*ismatic 0 responsible = ! ,coronation1 & t ! same motives :i* caus$ ! mak+ ( ,h>old ! villa9 ( ! piece ?r\gh\t caus$ ! au?or to br+ ,/ig& well =w>d4 ,"o or two critics h sugge/$ t ,/ig&'s irregul> position w\ld h prev5t$ a =eign1 or a lat]1 arti/ f call+ him 8,ar*bi%op40 ,t seems to me unhi/orical4 ,true1 ,william ( ,malmesbury & e or?odox writ] ?\ght ,/ig& no true ,ar*bi%op ( ,cant]bury4 ,he 0 a 8false ,ar*bi%op0 9 _! language1 b = all purposes ( g5]al description he 0 ! ,ar*bi%op all ! same4 ,:e!r ,/ig& did1 z a fact1 cr[n ,h>old or n is a matt] = hi/orical discussion2 b x is c]ta9 t ^? :o design$ ! ,bayeux ,tape/ry want$ x to be ?\ght t ,h>old1 a p]jur] & a traitor1 _h be5 cr[n$ by a man :o1 9 ! heat ( ,/4 ,gregory ! ,sev5?'s re=mation ( ! ,*ur*1 w\ld be odi\s to public op9ion4 ,illu/ration3 #ce ,illu/ration3 #cf ,betwe5 ?is panel & ! next are a gr\p ( figures repres5t+ 8! populace10 :o d homage to ! new k+4 ,!n come two panels1 sep>at$ "o f ! o!r & divid+1 z x 71 ! fir/ half ( ! ,epic f ! second4 ,^! two panels 7#ce & #cf7 give ! comet1 a figure ( ,h>old1 & ! arrival ( an ,engli% %ip ^u ,norman l&4 ,x 0 j aft] ,l[ ,sunday ( ! ye> #ajff1 on ! ,tuesday1 ,i ?9k1 t a great comet 0 se5 9 ,france & ,engl&4 ,mod]n sci5ce has affect$ to reg>d x z ,halley's ,comet1 :i* x may possibly h be5--b mod]n sci5ce %\ld rememb] t ! v>iation ( ^! bodies1 & ! confusion ( our evid5ce ^u _! movem5ts 9 ! remote pa/1 gives no "o a "r to c]titude 9 su* a matt]4 ,nor is x ( ! lea/ importance4 ,s f> z we c fix a date1 #be? ,april #ajff seems to h be5 ! mom5t :5 ?is /> 0 fir/ se54 ,at any rate1 x 0 an app>ition :i* va/ly mov$ ! op9ion ( ,europe at ! "t4 ,:at ! arti/ meant by ! episode ) ! s+le ^w 8,h>old0 does n seem to me d\btful4 ,y h !re ! conv5tional m>ks ( ! palace1 ! k+ 9 ! full g>b ( 8 k+%ip b p>tially arm$2 a mess5g]1 & b5ea? him ! hull ( %ips4 ,he is await+ ! adv5t ( ! invad]s4 ,he kn[s t !y w come4 ,! second panel ( ?is gr\p repres5ts ! com+ ( an ,engli% %ip to ,norm&y1 & beyond t we are told no?+4 ,b we d get "s light ^u ?is panel f ,wace1 :o tells u t a %ip came f ,engl& ) a special message to ! duke--x mu/ be presum$ a private message s5t to him at 8 own ord]s in=m+ him ( ! dea? ( ,edw>d & ( ! usurpation 7z ,william w\ld reg>d x7 ( ,h>old4 ,we h all ! conv5tional symbols ( ! l&+ ( a %ip1 b 9 ^! x mu/ be specially notic$ t few m5 are repres5t$1 & t !re are no arms4 ,aft] ?is beg9s ! action :i* completes ! :ole bus9ess3 ,i mean ! build+ & arm+ ( ! invad+ fleet1 ! l&+ ( ! invad]s1 & ! victory t foll[$4 ,illu/ration3 #cg ,illu/ration3 #ch ,illu/ration3 #ci ,illu/ration3 #dj ,( ?is latt] "p ! fir/ ?ree panels 7#ch1 #ci1 #dj7 are conc]n$ ) ! build+ & laun*+ ( ! %ips4 ,9 ! fir/ ,william ord]s ! fleet to be built4 ,he is seat$ ^u 8 ?rone1 & is deliv]+ 8 comm&s4 ,illu/ration3 #da ,illu/ration3 #db ,illu/ration3 #dc ,illu/ration3 #dd ,illu/ration3 #de ,illu/ration3 #df ,next y h conv5tional repres5tations ( m5 cutt+ d[n trees1 r9d+ (f ! b>k1 & mak+ planks4 ,!n y h ! con/ruction ( ! vessels & ! dragg+ ( !m to ! sea f ! slips4 ,x is rem>kable h[ little ! arti/ has attempt$ to symbolise ! implem5ts ( ?is indu/ry2 ! adze & ! axe are all t he gives u4 ,! hamm] is n recognisable1 nor ! nail1 nor any o!r ?+ 9 ! con/ruction ( ! boats4 ,foll[+ ^! ?ree y get ! provision+ ( ! fleet1 & 9 ?is long panel1 or r two panels undivid$ 7#da & #db7 we mu/ closely wat* ! details1 = !y are ( great hi/orical int]e/4 ,!re y w see ! s]vants br++ on bo>d ! swords 9 _! scabb>ds1 ! lances ti$ on to wagons1 :i* also be> b>rels ( w9e2 ov] "o man's %\ld] a w9e sk91 ov] ano!r's a small b>rel1 &1 borne ^u poles1 :i* be> _! weight & /ret* !m out1 ! heavy coats ( mail = ! knights4 ,^! panels end$1 y h ! sail+ ( ! fleet1 monoton\s & undivid$1 cov]+ :at may be call$ f\r panels 7#dc1 #dd1 #de1 & #df71 ?\gh all are cont9u\s4 ,9 ^! ! draughtsman has conc]n$ himself to insi/ ^u ! numb] ( horses t 7 c>ri$1 & ^u little m4 ,b at ! end ( ! inscription y h t piece ( hi/orical docum5t>y evid5ce1 8,& he came to ,pev5sey0 7x is writt5 j above ! la/ ( ! f\r =emo/ %ips proce$+ to disemb>kation3 ! %ip ) ! cross ^u its ma/74 ,! size ( ! transport1 ! great numb] ( ! %ips1 has evid5tly impress$ ! arti/1 & he has tri$ to symbolise x4 ,y get exactly ! same ?+ 9 ,wace3 8,i h he>d x told to my fa!r t !re 7 #gjj %ips less f\r40 ,!n1 aga91 ! ^w ,pev5sey comes into ! ,roman de ,r\1 ?\gh spelt 8,p5evesal0 9 t docum5t4 ,illu/ration3 #dg ,illu/ration3 #dh ,illu/ration3 #di ,illu/ration3 #ej ,illu/ration3 #ea ,illu/ration3 #eb ,9 ! next panel 7#dg71 :i* is ! disemb>kation1 ! horses are aga9 insi/$ ^u1 & "o curi\s po9t :i* ,i w\ld rem>k1 ! un-/epp+ ( ! ma/4 ,!re are n a few descriptions 9 ! lat] ,d>k ,ages & ! e>ly ,middle ,ages :i* lead u to believe t ! ma/ ( _! small craft 0 n fix$3 = in/ance1 ! ,danes go+ up riv] above ,london ,bridge4 ,let me repeat aga91 at ! risk ( t$ium1 t ! episode ( ! disemb>kation ( horses1 :i* ! m5 ( ! "t seem to h be5 p>ticul>ly /ruck by1 makes ! ,tape/ry foll[ ,wace4 ,once l&$1 ! army 9 ! next panel 7#dh7 fully acc\tr$--or r patrols ( x--rides out to =age1 & y get z a sequel 79 #di7 ! raid+ ( h\ses1 ! slaught]+ ( cattle & ( %eep1 ! comm&e]+ ( horses2 & next aga9 79 #ej7 y h ! prep>+ ( a meal1 & x is to be rem>k$ h[ m9ute are ! details "h comp>$ ) ! vagu5ess ( detail 9 ! build+ ( ! %ips4 ,look1 = in/ance1 at ! little /ove ( *>coal on :i* "o ( ! cooks is prep>+ ! meat1 & ! spits ) _! roa/$ pieces1 & see h[ ! draughtsman--:oev] he 0--knew m ( c\rts ?an ( artisans4 ,& ! fea/ itself1 :i* foll[s1 is int]e/+ z %[+ a table laid out 9 cont9uity ) classic cu/om1 s]v$ f ! inside ( its horse-%oe or oblong4 ,9 ! inscription1 ?\gh h>dly to be disc]n$ ^u ! ,tape/ry1 we h ! b5$iction ( ! meats by ! bi%op--& ! bi%op %\ld mean ,odo4 ,b we h1 ,i believe1 no ,,mss4 au?ority = t little incid5t at all4 ,! bi%op is probably br\ght 9 "h = ! purpose ( ! next sc5e1 :]e he sits ) 8 bro!r1 ,duke ,william1 & ) 8 o!r bro!r1 ,rob]t1 mak+ c\ncil4 ,! symbolism ( ! ?ree figures is obvi\s2 ! portraiture ( ,william reappe>s1 ! un>m$ prie/ ^u ! left1 ! vassal bro!r ^u ! "r mak+ ready to draw ! sword4 ,9 ! next panel 7#eb7 !re is giv5 ! ?r[+ up ( e>?works = a =tifi$ camp at ,ha/+s 7! spade is half w>f>e71 & "h notice ! figure ( ,rob]t ( ,eu1 = x exactly foll[s ! acc\nt ( ,wace4 ,! figure holds ! lance1 & 9 comm& ( ! build+ ( ! camp is ! man :om ! ,roman de ,r\ speaks ( z comm&+ ! same "w4 ,) ?is panel ! prelim9>ies ( ! action may be said to end1 & ! advance t[>ds ! battle itself to beg94 ,!re are two incid5ts 9 ! next panel introduc+ t advance3 "o 9 :i* a mess5g] f ,h>old rea*es ,william 7^: portrait is aga9 cle>ly m>k$71 ano!r 9 :i* ! act ( w> beg9s ) ! burn+ ( a h\se4 ,illu/ration3 #ec ,wace gives u ! /ory ( a fri5dly b>on1 ^: "n he did n "k1 b :o came & w>n$ ,william ( ,h>old's movem5ts4 ,z to ! burn+ ( ! h\se1 !re has be5 a great deal ( guesswork ab\t x4 ,i believe x means no m ?an a bit ( conv5tional symbolism t ! w> has begun 9 e>ne/4 ,to ^! two incid5ts 9 panel #ec succe$ ! feats ( arms :i* take up ! rema9+ "p ( ! ,tape/ry1 & :i* ,i w treat z a :ole4 ,illu/ration3 #ed ,?is la/ portion ( ! docum5t consi/s 9 tw5ty-two panels1 f ! #ed? to ! #ge? inclusive4 ,9 ! fir/ y h ! conv5tional repres5tation ( a knight fully arm$ repres5t+ ! :ole body z x 71 & rid+ out f ,ha/+s on ! morn+ ( t ,octob] day :i* by sunset _h det]m9$ ! fate ( ,engl&4 ,x has be5 said by m ?an "o mod]n ,engli% writ] t ! soldi] ?us pictur$ is ,william himself1 & consequ5tly t ! horse is t ,spani% horse :i* ,alphonso _h giv5 ,william1 & t its lead] is ,william's old liegeman1 ,walt] ,giff>d1 :o _h br\ght x back ) him f ,spa94 ,n[ ?is--l su* masses ( ,freeman6--is n only conjecture1 x is also false conjecture4 ,:]ev] ,william appe>s he is call$ ,william1 & x is un?9kable "u ! conditions ( ! "t t 8 figure %\ld be giv5 "u ! g5]al "n 8knights40 ,nor is ! conv5tional figure lead+ =w>d ! /allion an old man2 he is1 if any?+1 on ! "y side4 ,i w n "h repeat :at ,i h said else:]e ) reg>d to ! acc\trem5t ( ! knight1 ?\gh x be>s out 9 ?is p>ticul> panel v /rongly ! conclusions ( ! ,introduction z to ! age ( ! docum5t4 ,illu/ration3 #ee ,illu/ration3 #ef ,! next two panels 7#ee & #ef7 are v int]e/+ because !y %[ by :at conv5tions ! arti/ expresses ! act ( deploym5t4 ,z long z ! cavalry are m>*+ 9 column ( r\te he puts ea* figure only slightly ov]lapp+ ! next1 & sugge/s a walk+ space = ! m\nts2 to express deploym5t or =mation into a broad column ( attack1 z he has n ! ma/]y ( p]spective1 he puts ! horses at ! gallop & sep>ates !m mu* fur!r "o f ! o!r4 ,illu/ration3 #eg ,illu/ration3 #eh ,illu/ration3 #ei ,illu/ration3 #fj ,! next po9t ( int]e/ 9 ^! panels is ! p]sonality ( ,william be>+ n a sword or lance1 b a /aff ( au?ority or mace2 :ile beh9d him is a figure be>+ a sceptre1 & x is only beh9d him aga9 t y h any?+ resembl+ ! consecrat$ bann] ( ! *ronicl]s4 ,"h !re is a conflict betwe5 ! ,tape/ry & ,wace1 z well z a div]g5ce betwe5 !m1 :i* %[s 7l ! episode ( ! ,breton ,w>7 t ?\gh our docum5t is l>gely bas$ ^u ,wace1 x mu/ also h o!r s\rces4 ,= 9 ! poem ! consecrat$ bann] is s5t on be=e ! ho/ by ,william1 & t inde$ is :at "o w\ld expect2 :ile ! int]rogation ( "o ,vital by ,william z to ! results ( 8 sc\t+1 ?\gh x seems to h be5 an incid5t t /ruck "s contempor>y or o!r vividly1 is n f\nd 9 any ( ! *ronicles4 ,:o ,vital 0 !re is no sort ( evid5ce to tell u4 ,x 0 a "n kn[n 9 ,norm&y4 ,x occurs on a *>t] ( ,william's bro!r 9 ! li/ ( witnesses1 & aga9 9 ,doomsday "u ! same "l4 ,?is ,vital ( ! ,tape/ry po9ts 9 ! direction ( ! sc\ts 7:o appe> z conv5tional figures 9 ! #eh? panel71 & !re is "h a little piece ( realism :i* is ( great int]e/ to ^? :o h /udi$ ! field4 ,x w be obs]v$ t ^! sc\ts are repres5t$ z /&+ ^u ! summit & ! hi!r slopes ( a hill :ile on ! f>!r slope y h trees conv5tionally repres5t$4 ,?is hill1 f :i* ! sc\ts caught sight ( ,h>old's army 7:i* _h m>*$ up ! day be=e & tak5 position aft] t spl5did advance f ,london--"o ( ! mo/ rapid 9 hi/ory7 0 ! hill n[ kn[n z ,telham ,hill4 ,! ridge on :i* ,telham f>m /&s 0 ! summit beyond :i* ! sc\ts did n advance1 & ! wood on ! slope imm$iately bel[ is ! wood repres5t$ 9 ?is panel4 ,9 ! next panel 7#ei71 z ! inscription tells u1 ! conv]se is go+ on 9 ,h>old's case1 & 8 sc\ts 7repres5t$ z be+ on foot7 come to tell ,h>old1 :o is m\nt$1 t !y h e/abli%$ contact ) ! enemy4 ,! #fj? panel /&s = ! spee* ,william made to 8 troops be=e ! battle4 ,mo/ ( ! *ronicles m5tion ?is episode1 & ,wace 9 p>ticul>4 ,y get aga91 9 ! next panel1 ! deploym5t sugge/$ z be=e1 & !n a gr\p ( f\r panels 7#fb-fe inclusive7 be>+ no inscription 7! words above !m be+ no m ?an ! cont9uation ( ! leg5d above ,william's spee*3 8,t !y %\ld prep>e !mselves = battle aga9/ ! ,engli% army bo? c\rage\sly & ) art074 ,& ^! f\r panels are ! ef=t ( ! arti/1 ) su* means z he _h at 8 disposal1 to give "s conception ( ! ord] ( battle4 ,illu/ration3 #fa ,illu/ration3 #fb ,illu/ration3 #fc ,illu/ration3 #fd ,illu/ration3 #fe ,n[ we "k :at t ord] 04 ,!re 7 ?ree columns ( attack1 consi/+ ( ! fully arm$ & m\nt$ knights4 ,t on ! left 0 compos$ ( ! ,bretons 9 ! ma91 & _h ! duty ( *>g+ ov] ! space n[ occupi$ by1 or neighb\r+ to1 ! pond 9 ,battle ,abbey p>k4 ,t on ! left1 :i* 0 to *>ge ! /eepe/ "p ( ! hill1 0 to cross ! gr\nd on :i* ! /ation has be5 built 9 mod]n times2 x 0 a column ma9ly ,fr5* & l$ by ,rog] ( ,montmor5cy4 ,! c5tral column1 :i* 0 to take ! %>p hill betwe5 ! two o!rs1 0 compos$ ma9ly ( ,normans & 0 l$ by ,william himself4 ,^u ! jutt+ promontory ( ! height :i* ^! ?ree columns 7 to attack1 /ood ! ,saxons on foot1 dep5d+ l>gely ^u ! axe z a def5sive weapon1 b also ^u ! ?r[+-spe> or javel91 & to "s ext5t ^u ! sword4 ,9 front ( ! attack+ army 0 scatt]$ 9 op5 ord] a l9e ( ar*]s1 ^: function 0 ! p]man5t s]vice ( ! missile weapon1 to wit1 to %ake ! enemy's infantry1 ^u :i*1 s %ak51 ! cavalry %\ld *>ge4#e ,n[ all ?is ! arti/ has attempt$ to repres5t4 ,y h ! attack repres5t$ bo? to ! "r & to ! left & fall+ ^u a body :i* faces two fronts2 ?is is to symbolise ! conv]g5ce ( ! ?ree columns ^u ! semicircul> front ( ! ,saxon position ^u ,battle ,hill4 ,no p>ticul> figures are giv52 n ev5 ,h>old is to be di/+ui%$4 ,"s critics too +5i\s h discov]$ 9 ! head ( ! ,norman *>ge ! p]son ( ,taillef]1 8,iron-%e>10 :o c]ta9ly rode out be=e ! army s++ 8 song ( ,roncesvalles & toss+ 8 sword 7or by ano!r acc\nt1 8 lance7 into ! air4 ,!re is no?+ ( ?is 9 ! ,tape/ry4 ,illu/ration3 #ff ,illu/ration3 #fg ,illu/ration3 #fh ,! next two panels 7#ff & #fg7 give ! dea? ( ! two bro!rs ( ,h>old4 ,ap>t f ! introduction ( ! figures ( ^! two pr9ces1 ,lew9e & ,gyr?1 ! int]e/ ( ^! panels also lies 9 ! acc\trem5ts4 ,?us on f\r ( ! *>g+ ,fr5* knights y see ! cross$ g>t]s :i* b\nd ! leg bel[ ! suit ( mail1 & 9 ! h&s ( "o ( ! ,engli% y see ! r\nd %ield ) a boss1 :i* w reappe> 9 ! sc5e ( ! dea? ( ,h>old4 ,i w\ld say t5tatively & subject to correction1 t ?is symbolis$ some?+ old-fa%ion$ 9 ! ,saxon acc\trem5t4 ,9 ! bord] bel[1 ! same type ( acc\trem5t1 ! r\nd %ield ) ! boss1 reappe>s twice among ! dead bodies4 ,gyr? & ,lew9e 7 /&+ ne> ,h>old1 & "o *ronicle makes ,william himself fell ,gyr? ) a bl[ ( 8 mace1 b !re is no?+ ( ?is 9 ! embroid]y4 ,!re is no figure arm$ ) a mace & no m5tion ( ,william4 ,! #fh? panel is ! livelie/ attempt ! arti/ makes any:]e to repres5t ! heat ( ! attack4 ,x speaks = itself 9 ! exagg]at$ cata/rophes ( ! m\nts & ( _! rid]s2 b :at %\ld be p>ticul>ly not$ is ! repres5tation ( ! ,hill ( ,battle1 ! horse /umbl+ at ! approa* ( x & ! def5ce by ! ,saxon footm5 ^u ! summit4 ,illu/ration3 #fi ,) ! #fi? panel we approa* ! attempts 9 ! latt] "p ( ! ,tape/ry to introduce p]sons4 ,?is attempt has l$ to a consid]able hi/orical controv]sy1 = :ile "s po9ts 9 ! portraiture are obvi\s1 o!rs1 z w be se5 9 a mom5t1 l5d !mselves to discussion4 ,illu/ration3 #gj ,illu/ration3 #ga ,fir/ we h1 9 ! #fi? panel itself1 ,odo ( ,bayeux1 ! ,bi%op1 ,william's bro!r1 ) ! *>act]i/ically ,fr5* inscription1 8,pu]os suos10 by way ( say+ 88 m540 8,"h ,odo1 ! ,bi%op1 hold+ a /ick1 he>t5s 8 m510 or lit]ally1 88 *ildr540 ,s ! mod]n ,fr5* army t]m1 8mes enfants0 = 8m540 ,all ?is is q cle>2 b ! next panel 7,no4 #gj7 has l$ to ! controv]sy ( :i* ,i speak4 ,note "h ?ree m5 at ! *>ge4 ,! fir/ br&i%es a sword1 ! second has a mace or sceptre 9 8 h&1 & is lift+ ! nasal ( 8 helm1 & ! ?ird holds a lance & p5non or1 z ! ,fr5* !n call$ x1 a ,gonfanon4 ,above ! gr\p is writt51 8,"h is ,duke ,william40 ,x is fairly e/abli%$ t ,wace's poem 7:i* ! panels ( ?is "p ( ! ,tape/ry foll[ ) great fidelity7 is "h ab&on$ by ! arti/ & ! acc\nt ( ,b5oit de ,sa9t ,m is foll[$4 ,! incid5t is1 ( c\rse1 t ( ,william %[+ 8 face to 8 foll[]s :5 x 0 fe>$ he _h fall54 ,fur!r1 ! fir/ figure c>ry+ ! p5non is c]ta9ly int5d$ = ,eu/ace ( ,b\logne4 ,above 8 head1 9 "o ( ! few fragm5ts t h suff]$ mutilation1 is ! beg9n+ & end+ ( ! ^w ,eu/atius 7,e----,,tius72 :ile ! cle> writ+ ( ! inscription r\nd ! c5tral figure & ! obvi\s ref]5ce to ! passage 9 ,b5oit de ,sa9t ,m1 c\pl$ ) ! fact t ! c5tral figure be>s a mace or sceptre1 n a sword1 leave no d\bt t x is ,william t is int5d$4 ,x is wor? rememb]+ 9 connection ) ! date ( ! ,tape/ry t ! emphasiz+ ( ! "p :i* ,eu/ace ( ,b\logne play$ 9 ! battle is peculi> to ! twelf?-c5tury *ronicl]s4 ,illu/ration3 #gb ,illu/ration3 #gc ,illu/ration3 #gd ,! next ?ree panels are br++ ! battle to an end4 8,"h10 says ! inscription1 8! ,fr5* fight & slay ^? :o 7 ) ,h>old40 ,! numb] ( armorial %ields1 & _! pres5ce ev51 on ! ,saxon side is notewor?y1 & ! reappe>ance ( ! r\nd %ield ) ! boss 9 ! bord]2 fur!r1 t ! ar*]s h at la/ got home1 is indicat$ 9 ! arr[s t h /ruck ! %ields1 & 9 ! full quiv]s ( ! bord]4 ,! /ripp+ ( ! bodies ( ! sla9 by ! camp foll[]s is equally indicative ( ! /age ! fight has rea*$2 & 9 ! next panel 7! #gd?7 y h "o ( ! la/ episodes1 ! dea? ( ,h>old himself4 ,h>old is introduc$ twice3 fir/1 /&+ ne> 8 /&>d pull+ f 8 face ! arr[ t has /ruck x2 next1 cut d[n by a m\nt$ horseman1 :o /rikes him on ! ?igh ) 8 sword4 ,t exactly foll[s ,wace po9t = po9t1 = 8 poem tells u fir/ t ,h>old 0 /ruck 9 ! eye by an arr[ & t he pull$ x out1 & t !n "o came1 a knight1 :o /ruck him on ! ?igh ) a sword1 w\nd+ him to ! bone2 t at ! same mom5t ! /&>d fell to e>?1 & t ! m5 8!n kill$ ,h>old40 ,illu/ration3 #ge ,illu/ration3 #gf ,! la/ two panels 7#ge & #gf7 are ! break+ ( ! ranks & ! flight4 ,!y ne$ no comm5t save p]haps "o note3 ! conv5tional tree 9 ! la/ panel may well en\gh /& = ! wood ( ! ,weald :i* lay beh9d ! ,saxon position1 & into :i* ! r\t press$ z d>kness fell4 ,x has be5 sugge/$ t ! ,tape/ry cont9u$ fur!r ?an ! po9t at :i* x n[ ends1 bo? because x is some:at fray$ at t end & because 9 ! description ( ano!r ,tape/ry 7lo/7 ! acc\nt ( ! day foll[+ ! battle is giv54 ,:at seems to me to prove def9itely t ! ,tape/ry did end almo/ exactly :]e its fray$ edge t]m9ates x to-day1 is ! fact t x 0 exactly ( a l5g? to g r\nd ! nave ( ,bayeux ,ca!dral1 & t ! measurem5ts ( ! exi/+ /uff correspond ) t l5g?4 ,pr9t$ 9 ,france4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,transcrib]'s ,notes3 ,miss+ or obscur$ punctuation 0 sil5tly correct$4 ,typographical errors 7 sil5tly correct$4 ,inconsi/5t spell+ & hyph5ation 7 made consi/5t only :5 a pr$om9ant =m 0 f\nd 9 ?is book4 ,text t 0 9 italics is enclos$ by und]scores 7italics74