---------------------------------------- ---------- ,note3 ar\nd ^w indicat$ italics ,erebus ar\nd ^w indicat$ bold ,,dick ,,fitzg]ald ---------------------------------------- ---------- ,,! ,,magician',s ,,own ,,book1 ,,or ,,! ,,:ole ,,art ,,( ,,conjur+4 ,,be+ ,a ,,complete ,,h&-,,book ,,( ,,p>lor ,,magic1 ,,& ,,conta9+ ,,ov] ,,"o ,,?\s& ,,optical1 ,,*emical1 ,,me*anical1 ,,magnetical1 ,,& ,,magical ,,exp]im5ts1 ,,amus+ ,,transmutations1 ,,a/oni%+ ,,sleights ,,& ,,subtleties1 ,,celebrat$ ,,c>d ,,deceptions1 ,,+5i\s ,,tricks ,,) ,,numb]s1 ,,curi\s ,,& ,,ent]ta9+ ,,puzzles1 ,,toge!r ,,) ,,all ,,! ,,mo/ ,,not$ ,,tricks ,,( ,,mod]n ,,p]=m]s4 ,,! ,,:ole ,,illu/rat$ ,,) ,,ov] #ejj ,,wood ,,cuts1 ,,& ,,int5d$ ,,z ,a ,,s\rce ,,( ,,amusem5t ,,= ,,"o ,,?\s& ,,& ,,"o ,,ev5+s4 ,,new ,,york3 ,,dick ,,fitzg]ald1 #ah ,,ann ,,/reet4 #ahfb4 ,ent]$ accord+ to ,act ( ,congress1 9 ! ye> #aheg1 by ,,dick ,,fitzg]ald1 9 ! ,cl]k's ,(fice ( ! ,di/rict ,c\rt = ! ,s\!rn ,di/rict ( ,new ,york4 ,,preface4 ,! publi%]s ( ?is int]e/+ volume d n conceive t x requires an elaborate introduction to ! read+ public4 ,"s brief rem>ks1 h[ev]1 may n be inappropriate z a preface to ,,! ,,magician',s ,,own ,,book1 s9ce ! black art1 z 9 less5 light5$ ages ! practice ( all ^! innoc5t & int]e/+ feats 0 t]m$1 is n yet z popul>ly und]/ood 9 ?is c\ntry z x is abroad4 ,!re is a *>m 9 leg]dema91 or sleight ( h&1 t all1 :e!r "y or old1 c readily appreciate4 ,!re is a my/]y 9 x t piques ! und]/&+ z well z provokes ! curiosity ( ! spectator4 ,if ! trick be execut$ ) address1 x excites our admiration2 & ! simpl] x appe>s1 ! m x engages our fancy & fasc9ates our att5tion4 ,& x is n only :5 we are my/ifi$ 9 public1 cajol$ 9 great saloons1 & 9 ! pres5ce ( cr[ds1 t ^! effects are develop$4 ,!y are call$ =? by ! p]=mances ev5 ( "s humble arti/ 9 ! family circle1 ^: +5uity ( m9d has enabl$ him to ga!r up ! m available ( ^! practical puzzles4 ,x w\ld seem1 !re=e1 a useful ?+ to place ?is s\rce ( h>mless amusem5t )9 ! rea* ( all :o c reli% its ecc5tricities1 & in/ead ( leav+ x 9 ! h&s ( pr(essors1 z a pecuni>y speculation1 to enable ! dome/ic gr\p to ma/] & enjoy x 9 all its ev]-v>y+ phases ( novelty & gratification4 ,to d ?is is :at ! publi%]s propose 9 ! issue ( ?is volume2 & !y flatt] !mselves1 t if c>efully /udi$1 x w prep>e ! ,"y ,conjuror to conv]t ! p>lor1 at any desirable mom5t1 into a place ( g5u9e ent]ta9m5t = himself & 8 companions1 & ample repay him = ! little "t & ?\ght he may devote to ! acquisition ( ! necess>y skill & dext]ity4 ,sleight ( h&1 magic1 necromancy1 c41 are all t]ms ( art applicable to ! same s]ies ( p]=mances4 ,! p>lor /ud5t1 !re=e1 once famili> ) ! g5]al pr9ciples ^u :i* ^! exp]im5ts are effect$1 w f9d little difficulty 9 compreh5d+ at a glance1 not)/&+ all ! %[ ( gorge\s p>aph]nalia & auxili>y ma*9]y employ$1 ! modus op]&i ( e "o ( !m he may witness 9 public4 ,?is w be a new s\rce ( pleasure to him1 indep5d5t ( 8 ability to turn ,conjuror on 8 own acc\nt at home4 ,nor c we well conceive ( any rational objection likely to be urg$ aga9/ a k9d ( k1 s unimpea*able 9 its nature1 & s mir? provok+ 9 its results4 ,act+ ,*>ades are common1 ev5 among ! mo/ fa/idi\s families4 ,enigmas & puzzles1 9 pantomime & spee*1 af=d innoxi\s amusem5t to ?\s&s4 ,! publi%]s only consid] ,,! ,,magician',s ,,own ,,book a new addition to ! curr5t li/ ( ent]ta9m5ts ( t "*2 = :at is a sleight ( h& feat b an enigma plac$ be=e ! spectator = solution8 ,:at is a trick 9 natural magic b a puzzle repeat$ to ^? :o behold x1 ea* "o ( :om is tacitly expect$ to guess h[ x is accompli%$1 :ile ! little practition] only holds ! key to ! my/]y8 ,9 tru?1 ! p>lor ne$s "s increase 9 its means ( social amusem5t4 ,! numb] x embraces is extremely limit$4 ,!y soon we>y4 ,?is we>9ess creates an appetite = outside attractions1 n always :olesome1 & too (t5 insidi\sly p]nici\s4 ,,! ,,magician',s ,,own ,,book nicely fills up1 !re=e1 ! void 9 ! category ( p>lor recreations4 ,x may be made to pres5t an ev]-*ang+1 always tempt+1 /ay-at-home inducem5t1 & 9 ?is %ape becomes a moral assi/ant ( no unimportant description1 z well z ! piquant s\rce ( good humor$ bamboozlem5t4 ,9 conclusion we w\ld say1 t ! ,,magician',s ,,own ,,book conta9s a great v>iety ( curi\s tricks & deceptions1 _m ( :i* h nev] be=e appe>$ 9 pr9t1 & = _m ( :i* ! publi%]s beg to ackn[l$ge _! indebt$ness to ,mr4 ,john ,wyman1 ,junior1 ! celebrat$ magician1 t g5tleman hav+ k9dly furni%$ cle> & simple explanations to _m ( 8 mo/ surpris+ p>lor feats & fancies4 ,,index4 ,sleight ( ,h& ,tricks4 ,,page ,! ,fly+ ,dime1 #c ,! ,fly+ ,dime1 7ano!r me?od17 #d ,! ,beads & ,/r+s1 #e ,to get a ,r+ out ( a ,h&k]*ief1 #e ,to tie a ,knot 9 a ,h&k]*ief :i* ,_c be drawn ,tight1 #f ,! ,?ree ,cups1 #g ,to tie a ,h&k]*ief r\nd y\r ,leg1 & get x (f ,)\t ,unty+ ! ,knot1 #h ,! ,magic ,bond1 #h ,! ,old ,man & 8 ,*air1 #h ,to tie a ,knot on ! ,left ,wri/1 )\t lett+ ! "r h& approa* x1 #aj ,! ,magic ,h&cuffs1 #aa ,to pull a ,/r+ ?r\gh y\r ,button-hole1 #aa ,! ,cut ,/r+ ,re/or$1 #ab ,! ,gordian ,knot1 #ab ,! ,knot ,loos5$1 #ac ,to ,conjure ,nuts 9 y\r ,e>1 #ac ,to ,crack ,walnuts 9 y\r ,elb[1 #ad ,to ,take ,fea!rs out ( an ,empty ,h&k]*ief1 #ad ,! ,knott$ ,h&k]*ief1 #ad ,h\d9's ,nut ,trick1 #af ,conjur+ a ,r+1 #ag ,! ,erratic ,egg1 #ah ,! ,ob$i5t ,dime1 #ai ,! ,prison] ,releas$1 #ai ,advantage\s ,wag]1 #ai ,! ,d\ble ,mean+1 #bj ,! ,?ree ,spoons1 #bj ,! ,juggl]'s ,joke1 #bj ,to ,cause ,wat] & ,w9e to ,*ange ,places1 #ba ,! ,wiz>d's ,wit1 or ,is x ,possible1 #ba ,! ,top]'s ,/ratagem1 #ba ,! ,impossible ,omelet1 #ba ,new ,p]petual ,rot>y ,motion1 #bb ,! ,miracul\s ,apple1 #bb ,an ,omelet ,cook$ 9 a ,hat1 #bc ,! ,infallible ,prophet1 #bc ,philosophy ,*eat$1 #bd ,! ,disappe>+ ,dime1 #bf ,! ,hat & ,die ,trick1 #bg ,! ,p5etrative ,c5ts1 #bg ,! ,doll ,trick1 #bi ,! ,fly+ ,co9s1 #cj ,! ,vani%$ ,half ,dime1 #cj ,! ,re/or$ ,docum5t1 #cj ,! ,magic ,r+s1 #ca ,! ,fi% & ,ink ,trick1 #cb ,! ,hat & ,cannon ,ball ,trick1 #cb ,! ,dime 9 ! ,ball ( ,cotton1 #cc ,! ,egg & ,bag ,trick1 #cc ,! ,danc+ ,egg1 #cd ,! ,bell & ,%ot ,trick1 #cd ,! ,burn$ ,h&k]*ief ,re/or$1 #ce ,! ,fire ,eat]1 #ce ,! ,egg ,box ,trick1 #cf ,! ,globe ,box ,trick1 #cf ,! ,c(fee ,trick1 #cg ,! ,h&k]*ief ,trick1 #ch ,! ,magic ,funnel1 #da ,! ,magic ,bottle1 #da ,! ,bottle ,trick1 #db ,! ,magic ,qu>t]1 #dd ,to *ange a ,dime to a ,qu>t]1 #dd ,wyman's ,gun ,trick1 #df ,! ,hat*$ ,bird1 #df ,! ,apple & ,orange ,trick1 #dg ,a ,magician's ,box ,expla9$1 #dg ,! ,en*ant$ ,co91 #dh ,! ,my/]i\s ,co91 or ,h[ to ,make ,doll>s pass ?r\gh a ,w9e ,glass1 a ,*9a ,plate1 a ,table1 & fall into ! ,h&1 #di ,! ,egyptian ,fluids1 or ,impossibilities ,accompli%$1 #ej ,! ,magician's ,sn[ ,ball1 #ea ,! ,magnetiz$ ,cane1 #eb ,wyman's ,mode ( p]=m+ ! ,egg ,bag ,trick1 #eb ,! ,danc+ ,automaton1 #ced ,! ,invisible ,spr+s1 #cee ,! ,flight ( ! ,r+1 #cef ,! ,magic ,book1 #cfj ,! ,tape ,trick1 #cfj ,! ,knott$ ,?read1 #cfa ,! ,transposable ,pieces1 #cfb ,tricks & ,deceptions ) ,c>ds4 ,to ,make ! ,pass1 #ee ,to ,tell a ,c>d by its ,back1 #ee ,! ,c>d nam$ )\t be+ se51 #ef ,! ,c>d told by an ,op]a ,glass1 #ef ,! ,f\r ,k+s1 #eh ,! ,f\r ,accomplices1 #eh ,to ,tell ! ,c>d ?\ght (1 9 a ,circle ( ,t51 #ei ,to guess ! ,c>d ?\ght (1 #ei ,to tell ! numb] ( ,c>ds by ,weight1 #fj ,audacity1 #fa ,! ,c>d f\nd at ! second guess1 #fa ,! ,c>d f\nd "u ! ,hat1 #fa ,to call ! ,c>ds out ( ! ,pack1 #fa ,heads & ,tails1 #fb ,! ,surprise1 #fb ,! ,revolution1 #fc ,! ,slipp$ ,c>d1 #fc ,! ,nail$ ,c>d1 #fc ,to asc]ta9 ! numb] ( ,po9ts on ?ree unse5 ,c>ds1 #fd ,to tell ! numb]s on two unse5 ,c>ds1 #fd ,! ,knaves & ! ,con/able1 #fd ,! ,pairs ,re-pair$1 #fe ,! ,que5s ,digg+ = ,diamonds1 #ff ,! ,triple ,deal1 #fg ,! ,quadruple ,deal1 #fg ,! ,c>d ,discov]$ by ! ,t\* or ,smell1 #fg ,! ,+5i\s ,conf$]acy1 #fg ,hold x ,fa/1 #fi ,! ,*>m$ ,twelve1 #fi ,! ,trick ( ,?irty-"o1 #gj ,to tell ! ,names ( ! ,c>ds by _! ,weight1 #ga ,! ,c>ds 9 ! ,vase1 #gc ,! ,metamorphosis1 #gd ,to hold ,f\r ,k+s1 or ,f\r ,knaves 9 y\r ,h&1 & to ,*ange !m sudd5ly into ,blank ,c>ds1 & !n to ,f\r ,aces1 #gf ,to ,*ange a ,c>d 9 a ,p]son's ,h&1 #gf ,! ,c>d 9 ! ,egg1 #gg ,! ,fifte5 ,?\s& ,livres1 #gh ,h9ts to ,amateurs1 #gi ,cure = ,tr\blesome ,spectators1 #hj ,to make a ,c>d jump out ( ! ,pack1 #ceg ,! ,tell-,tale ,c>ds1 #ceg ,! ,d\ble ,doz51 #ceh ,! ,h\sebreak]s1 #cei ,! ,magic ( ,*emi/ry4 ,sympa!tic or ,invisible ,inks1 #hd ,! ,silv] ,tree1 #he ,cleopatra's ,pe>ls1 #hf ,wond]ful ,exp]im5ts 9 ,combu/ion1 #hf ,mimic ,ra91 #hf ,m>9e ,illum9ation1 #hg ,! ,mimic ,explosion1 #hh ,! ,%[] ( ,fire1 #hh ,! ,magical ,heat1 #hh ,! ,magic ,lamp1 #hi ,surpris+ ,exp]im5ts ) ,potassium1 #hi ,! ,wat] ,demon1 #hi ,a ,flame produc$ ) ,ice1 #hi ,! ,*emical ,*imney ,sweep1 #ij ,! ,magical ,illum9ation1 #ij ,! ,*emical ,*ameleon1 #ia ,cry/allizations ( ,metals1 #ib ,beauties ( ,cry/allization1 #ic ,to ,cry/allize ,camphor1 #ic ,to d4 ,t91 #id ,cry/als 9 ,h>d ,wat]1 #id ,v>ieties ( ,cry/als1 #id ,a ,liquid ,*ang$ to a ,solid1 & ,heat f ,cry/allization1 #id ,beautiful ,exp]im5t1 #ie ,a ,solid ,*ang$ to a ,liquid1 & int5se ,cold f ! ,liquefaction1 #ie ,magic ( ,heat1 #ie ,sublimation by ,heat1 #if ,heat ,pass+ ?r\gh ,glass1 #if ,metals unequally ,influ5c$ by ,heat1 #ig ,spontane\s ,combu/ion1 #ig ,inequality ( ,heat 9 ,fire ,irons1 #ig ,expansion ( ,metal by ,heat1 #ig ,evaporation ( a ,metal1 #ih ,a ,float+ ,metal on ,fire1 #ih ,ice ,melt$ by ,air1 #ih ,spl5did ,sublimation1 #ih ,magic ,inks1 #ih ,*ameleon ,liquids1 #ii ,! ,magic ,dyes1 #ii ,w9e ,*ang$ into ,wat]1 #ii ,two colorless ,transp>5t ,liquids become ,black & ,opaque1 #ajj ,two colorless ,fluids1 ,make a color$ "o1 #ajj ,*ange ( ,color1 by colorless ,fluids1 #ajj ,to ,*ange ,blue ,liquid to ,:ite1 #ajj ,v]itable ,black ,tea1 #ajj ,re/oration ( ,color by ,wat]1 #aja ,two ,liquids ,make a ,solid1 #aja ,two ,solids ,make a ,liquid1 #aja ,a ,solid1 ,opaque ,mass1 ,makes a ,transp>5t ,liquid1 #aja ,two cold ,liquids ,make a ,hot "o1 #aja ,qu9tuple ,transmutation1 #ajb ,! ,same ,ag5t may ,produce & ,de/roy ,color1 #ajb ,union ( two ,metals )\t ,heat1 #ajb ,magic ,brea?1 #ajb ,two ,bitt]s ,make a ,sweet1 #ajc ,visible & ,invisible1 #ajc ,to ,=m a ,liquid ( two ,solids1 #ajc ,! ,spectral ,lamp1 #ajd ,curi\s ,*ange ( ,colors1 #aje ,! ,protean ,light1 #aje ,! ,*ameleon ,fl[]s1 #aje ,to ,*ange ! ,colors ( ,fl[]s1 #aje ,*anges ( ! ,poppy1 #ajf ,*anges ( ! ,rose1 #ajf ,light *ang+ ,:ite into ,black1 #ajf ,! ,visibly ,gr[+ ,acorn1 #ajf ,color$ ,flames1 #ajg ,orange color$ ,flame1 #ajg ,em]ald ,gre5 ,flame1 #ajg ,in/antane\s ,flame1 #ajg ,to ,cool ,flame by ,metal1 #ajh ,pro( t ,flame is ,holl[1 #ajh ,to ,hold a ,hot ,tea ,kettle on ! ,h&1 #ajh ,incombu/ible ,l951 #ajh ,! ,burn+ ,circle1 #ajh ,wat] ( diff]5t ,temp]atures 9 ! same ,vessel1 #aji ,w>m? ( ,diff]5t ,colors1 #aji ,sub/itute = ,fire1 #aji ,laugh+ ,gas1 #aji ,flame f ,cold ,metals1 #aaj ,phosphorus 9 ,*lor9e1 #aaj ,magic ,vapor1 #aaa ,gas f ! ,union ( ,metals1 #aaa ,camphor ,sublimat$ by ,flame1 #aaa ,gre5 ,fire1 #aaa ,brilliant ,r$ ,fire1 #aab ,purple ,fire1 #aab ,silv] ,fire1 #aab ,fi]y ,f\nta91 #aab ,combu/ion )\t ,flame1 #aab ,combu/ion ( ,?ree ,metals1 #aac ,to ,make ,pap] ,app>5tly ,incombu/ible1 #aac ,heat n to be e/imat$ by ,t\*1 #aac ,flame ^u ,wat]1 #aac ,rose ,color$ ,flame ^u ,wat]1 #aac ,to ,set a ,mixture on ,fire by ,wat]1 #aad ,waves ( ,fire on ,wat]1 #aad ,wat] f ! ,flame ( a ,c&le1 #aad ,=mation ( ,wat] by ,fire1 #aad ,boil+ ^u ,cold ,wat]1 #aad ,curr5ts 9 ,boil+ ,wat]1 #aad ,hot ,wat] ,light] ?an ,cold1 #aae ,expansion ( ,wat] by ,cold1 #aae ,! ,cup ( ,tantalus1 #aae ,! ,magic ,:irlpool1 #aaf ,artificial ,fire ,balls1 #aag ,to ,melt ,/eel z ,easily z ,lead1 #aah ,to ,tell a ,lady if ,%e is 9 ,love1 #aah ,to put an ,egg 9 a ,phial1 #aah ,to ,a/oni% a ,l>ge ,p>ty1 #aah ,magical ,te/ ,pap]s1 #aai ,inf9ite ,divisibility1 #aai ,*emi/ry an ,ag5t 9 ,secret ,writ+1 #cbg ,to ,melt a ,piece ( ,money 9 a ,walnut ,%ell1 )\t ,injur+ ! ,%ell1 #cee ,! ,pyramid ( ,alum1 #ced ,exp]im5ts 9 ,electricity4 ,! ,rot>y ,tobacco ,pipe1 #abc ,! ,erratic ,fea!r1 #abc ,! ,attractive ,seal+ ,wax1 #abd ,! ,unneighborly ,balls1 #abd ,! ,electrifi$ ,pap]1 #abd ,! ,sociable ,fea!r1 #abd ,! ,ecc5tric ,fea!r1 #abd ,! ,discont5t$ ,pi? ,ball1 #abd ,! ,danc+ ,bran1 #abd ,! ,electrical ,cat1 #abd ,electrical ,%ock f a ,%eet ( ,pap]1 #abe ,light "u ,wat]1 #abf ,simple means ( ,produc+ ,electricity1 #abf ,attraction & ,repulsion ,exhibit$1 #abg ,h[ to ,make an ,electrical ,ma*9e1 #abg ,conductor1 #abh ,! ,plate ,electrical ,ma*9e1 #abi ,h[ to ,draw ,sp>ks f ! ,tip ( ! ,nose1 #abi ,h[ to ,get a ,j> full ( ,electricity1 #abi ,! ,electrical ,batt]y1 #acj ,danc+ ,balls & ,dolls1 #aca ,! ,electrical ,kiss1 #aca ,r++ ,bells1 #aca ,work+ ,p[] ( ,electricity1 #acb ,! ,electrifi$ ,wig1 #acb ,imitation ,?und] ,cl\ds1 #acc ,! ,lightn+ ,/roke ,imitat$1 #acc ,! ,sportsman1 #acd ,exp]im5ts 9 ,galvanism4 ,s+ul> ,galvanic ,%ock1 #ace ,! ,fla% ( ,light1 #ace ,! ,magical ,cup1 #ace ,! ,prison] ,lee*1 #acf ,! ,metamorphos$ ,knife1 #acf ,) ,plates 9 ,wat]1 #acf ,to ,make a ,magnet by ,galvanism1 #acg ,effects ( ,galvanism on a ,magnet1 #acg ,*ange ( ,color by ,galvanism1 #acg ,! ,galvanic ,%ock1 #ach ,a ,galvanic ,tongue1 #ach ,influ5ce ( ,galvanism on ,port] & ,ale1 #ahh ,! ,galvaniz$ ,fl\nd]1 #ahh ,exp]im5ts 9 ,magnetism4 ,! ,impromptu ,magnet1 #aci ,! ,m]ry ,iron ,fil+s1 #adj ,te/ ( ,magnetic ,p[]1 #adj ,to ,make ,artificial ,magnets1 #adj ,h[ to ,magnetize a ,pok]1 #adj ,to ,%[ ,magnetic ,attraction & ,repulsion1 #ada ,v>iation ( ! ,ne$le1 #ada ,dip ( ! ,ne$le1 #ada ,to ,susp5d a ,ne$le 9 ! ,air1 by ,magnetism1 #ada ,magnetism by ,hamm]+1 #adb ,p[] ( ! ,electro-,magnet1 #adb ,! ,m>9]'s ,compass1 #adb ,to ,make ,artificial ,magnets )\t ! ,aid ( ei!r ,natural ,load/one1 or ,artificial ,magnets1 #adc ,! ,wat* ,magnetiz$1 #add ,nor? & ,s\? ,poles ( ! ,magnet1 #add ,pol>ity ( ! ,magnet1 #add ,magnetic ,action & ,reaction1 #ade ,to ,pass ,magnetism ?r\gh a ,table1 #ade ,! ,magnetic ,table1 #ade ,int]e/+ ,p>ticul>s ,conc]n+ ! ,magnet1 #ade ,exagg]at$ ,magnetism1 #adf ,! ,magic ( ,pneumatics & ,a]o/atics4 ,weight ( ! ,air ,prov$ by a ,pair ( ,bell[s1 #adh ,! ,pressure ( ,air ,%[n by a ,w9e ,glass1 #adh ,! ,pressure ( ,air ,%[n by a ,glass ,j>1 #adh ,ela/icity ( ! ,air1 #adi ,! ,air ,pump1 #adi ,to ,prove t ,air has ,weight1 #aej ,to ,prove ,air ,ela/ic1 #aej ,air 9 ! ,egg1 #aej ,! ,desc5d+ ,smoke1 #aea ,half ,eagle & ,fea!r1 #aea ,! ,s\ndless ,bell1 #aeb ,! ,float+ ,fi%1 #aeb ,! ,my/]i\s ,circles1 #aeb ,! ,div+ ,bell1 #aed ,! ,air ,balloon1 #aed ,h[ to ,make an ,air ,balloon1 #aee ,h[ to ,fill a ,balloon1 #aef ,to ,make ,fire ,balloons1 #aef ,! ,my/]i\s ,bottle1 #aeg ,h[ to ,make a ,p>a*ute1 #aeg ,ca\t*\c ,balloons1 #aeg ,! ,bac*us ,exp]im5t1 #cfb ,! ,magic ( ,optics4 ,light z an ,effect1 #aei ,refraction1 #aei ,! ,invisible ,co9 ,made ,visible1 #aei ,! ,multiply+ ,glass1 #afj ,transp>5t ,bodies1 #afj ,! ,prism1 #afj ,to ,make a ,prism1 #afa ,composition ( ,light1 #afa ,a ,natural ,cam]a ,obscura1 #afb ,bullock's ,eyes ,exp]im5t1 #afb ,! ,cam]a ,obscura1 #afb ,! ,magic ,lant]n1 #afc ,! ,cam]a ,lucida1 #afd ,pa9t+ ! ,slides1 #afd ,to ,exhibit ! ,magic ,lant]n1 #afd ,effects ( ! ,magic ,lant]n1 #afe ,tempe/ at ,sea1 #afe ,! ,phantasmagoria1 #aff ,dissolv+ ,views1 #afg ,h[ to ,raise a ,gho/1 #afg ,! ,?aumatrope1 #afh ,! ,bird 9 ! ,cage1 #afh ,con/ruction ( ! ,phantasmascope1 #afh ,curi\s ,optical ,illusion1 #afi ,ano!r1 #agj ,ano!r1 #agj ,! ,picture 9 ! ,air1 #aga ,brea?+ ,light & ,d>kness1 #aga ,to ,%[ :at ,rays ( ,light d n ,ob/ruct ea* o!r1 #agb ,to ,see ?r\gh a ,philadelphia ,brick1 #agb ,! ,/]eoscope1 #agc ,ocul> ,spectra1 #age ,brilliant ,wat] ,mirror1 #age ,optics ( a ,soap ,bubble1 #agf ,! ,kaleidoscope1 #agf ,simple ,sol> ,microscope1 #agg ,anamorphoses1 #agh ,! ,cosmorama1 #ahj ,di/ort$ ,l&scapes1 #ahj ,! ,magic ,co91 #aha ,! ,magician's ,mirror1 #cdd ,! ,p]spective ,mirror1 #cde ,! ,artificial ,l&scape1 #cdh ,! ,b\ndless ,prospect1 #cej ,! ,en*ant$ ,palace1 #ceb ,tricks 9 ,me*anics4 ,importance ( ,me*anics1 #ahb ,! ,laws ( ,motion1 #ahb ,exp]im5t ( ! ,law ( ,motion1 #ahb ,balanc+1 #ahc ,! ,pranc+ ,horse1 #ahc ,to ,con/ruct a ,figure1 :i*1 be+ ,plac$ on a ,curv$ ,surface1 & ,incl9$ 9 any ,position1 %all1 :5 left to itself1 ,return to its ,=m] ,position1 #ahc ,to ,make a ,c>riage ,run 9 an ,inv]t$ ,position1 )\t ,fall+1 #ahc ,to ,cause a ,cyl9d] to ,roll ( its own ,weight1 up ,hill1 #ahd ,! ,balanc$ ,/ick1 #ahd ,! ,*9ese ,m&>91 #ahd ,to ,make a ,qu>t] ,doll> ,turn on its ,edge on ! ,po9t ( a ,ne$le1 #ahd ,! ,self-,balanc$ ,pail1 #ahe ,to ,lift a ,bottle ) a ,/raw1 #ahe ,! ,danc+ ,pea1 #ahf ,! ,top]'s ,tripod1 #ahf ,! ,magical ,snake1 or ! ,obliquity ( ,motion1 #ahg ,! ,bridge ( ,knives1 #ahg ,s& 9 ! ,h\r ,glass1 #ahh ,resi/ance ( ,s&1 #ahh ,! ,magical ,gyroscope1 #cdf ,tricks 9 ,hydraulics & ,hydro/atics4 ,! ,sci5ce ( ,hydraulics1 #ahi ,! ,f\nta9 & ,pump1 #ahi ,! ,hydraulic ,danc]1 #aij ,! ,syphon1 #aia ,! ,wat] ,snail1 or ,ar*im$ean ,screw1 #aia ,! ,bottle ,ejectm5t1 #aib ,! ,magic ( ,hydro/atics ) ! ,anci5ts1 #aib ,to ,empty a ,glass "u ,wat]1 #aib ,! ,my/]i\s ,bottle1 #aeg ,boil+ ^u ,cold ,wat]1 #aad ,curr5ts 9 ,boil+ ,wat]1 #aad ,hot ,wat] ,light] ?an ,cold1 #aae ,expansion ( ,wat] by ,cold1 #aae ,! ,magic ,:irlpool1 #aaf ,! ,cup ( ,tantalus1 #aae ,to ,weigh ,wat] )\t ,scales1 #cec ,m ?an ,full1 #cfa ,tricks 9 ,ac\/ics4 ,! ,sci5ce ( ,ac\/ics1 #aic ,diff]5ce betwe5 ,s\nd & ,noise1 #aic ,visible ,vibration1 #aic ,transmitt$ ,vibration1 #aid ,d\ble ,vibration1 #aid ,*ampagne & ,s\nd1 #aid ,music ( ! ,snail1 #aie ,! ,tun+ ,=k a ,flute ,play]1 #aie ,musical ,bottles1 #aie ,!ory ( ,:isp]+1 #aie ,!ory ( ! ,voice1 #aif ,to ,tune a ,guit> )\t ! ,assi/ance ( ! ,e>1 #aif ,progress ( ,s\nd1 #aif ,to ,make an olian ,h>p1 #aif ,! ,invisible ,girl1 #aig ,magic ( ,ac\/ics ) ! ,anci5ts1 #aih ,! ,secret ( ,v5triloquism1 #ha ,to ,%[ h[ ,s\nd ,travels ?r\gh a ,solid1 #aih ,to ,%[ t ,s\nd dep5ds ^u ,vibration1 #aih ,musical ,figures ,result+ f ,s\nd1 #ceg ,! ,magic ( ,numb]s1 or ,curi\s ,tricks 9 ,ari?metic4 ,aphorisms ( ,numb]1 #aii ,palpable ,ari?metic1 #bjj ,! ,abacus1 #bja ,napi]'s ,rods1 #bjb ,! ,ari?metical ,boom]ang1 #bjc ,to ,f9d a ,numb] ,?\ght (1 #bjc ,second ,me?od1 #bjd ,?ird ,me?od1 #bje ,f\r? d41 #bje ,fif? d41 #bjf ,six? d41 #bjf ,to ,discov] two or m ,numb]s t a ,p]son has ,?\ght (1 #bjf ,h[ _m ,c\nt]s h ,i 9 my ,h&s8 #bjg ,! ,my/]i\s ,halv+s1 to tell a ,numb] a ,p]son has ,?\ght (1 #bjh ,second ,me?od1 #bji ,:o ,we>s ! ,r+8 #baa ,:at is ,probable8 #bab ,v>iations1 #bac ,amus+ ,comb9ations1 #bad ,! ,visitors to ! ,cry/al ,palace1 #bag ,h[ _m ,*anges c be ,giv5 to ,sev5 ,notes ( a ,piano8 #bag ,! ,ari?metical ,triangle1 #bag ,h[ _m ,diff]5t ,deals c be made ) ,?irte5 ,c>ds out ( ,fifty-two1 #bah ,! ,?ree ,graces1 #bah ,second ,me?od1 #bai ,?ird ,me?od1 #bbj ,! ,=tunate ,n9?1 #bba ,! ,t5 ,t5's1 #bbb ,divid+ ! ,be]1 #bbc ,! ,difficult ,case ( ,w9e1 #bbd ,decimation ( ,fruit1 #bbd ,! ,w9e & ! ,tables1 #bbe ,! ,?ree ,travel]s1 #bbe ,:at ,c\nt] has be5 ,?\ght ( out ( ,sixte51 #bbf ,magic ,squ>es1 #bbg ,odd ,magic ,squ>es1 #bbg ,! ,squ>e ( ,go?am1 #bbi ,! ,ma!matical ,blacksmi?1 #bcj ,curi\s ,prop]ties ( "s ,figures1 #bcj ,! ,indu/ri\s ,frog1 #bcd ,! ,c\ncil ( ,t51 #bce ,! ,two ,travel]s1 #bce ,ari?metical ,trick1 #bcg ,! ,money ,trick1 #bcg ,! ,philosoph]'s ,pupils1 #bcg ,to ,discov] a ,squ>e ,numb]1 #bch ,! ,%eep1 & ! ,%eep ,fold1 #bch ,! ,c\ntrywoman & ! ,eggs1 #bch ,to ,rub out ,tw5ty ,*alks at ,five ,times1 ,rubb+ out e ,"t an ,odd "o1 #bci ,! ,impossible ,triangle1 #bci ,odd or ,ev51 #bci ,! ,figures1 up to #ajj1 arrang$ z to make #eje 9 ea* ,column1 :5 ,c\nt$ 9 ,t5 ,columns ,p]p5dicul>ly1 & ! ,same :5 ,c\nt$ 9 ,t5 ,files ,horizontally1 #bdj ,! ,old ,woman & ,h] ,eggs1 #bdj ,! ,ma!matical ,=tune ,tell]1 #bda ,! ,dice ,guess$ ,unse51 #bdb ,! ,sov]eign & ! ,sage1 #bdb ,! ,kn[+ ,%eph]d1 #bdc ,! ,c]ta9 ,game1 #bdc ,! ,a/oni%$ ,f>m]1 #bdd ,! ,magical ,c5tury1 #bdd ,! ,hatt] ,*eat$1 #bde ,! ,basket ( ,nuts1 #bde ,! ,unit$ ,digits1 #bdf ,decemb] & ,may1 #bdf ,! ,two ,drov]s1 #bdf ,! ,basket & ,/ones1 #bdf ,! ,fam\s ,=ty-,five1 #bdg ,trick 9 ,subtraction1 #bdg ,! ,expung$ ,figure1 #bdg ,! ,my/]i\s ,addition1 #bdh ,to tell at :at ,h\r a ,p]son ,int5ds to rise1 #bdi ,to f9d ! ,diff]5ce betwe5 ,two ,numb]s1 ! ,great] ( :i* is ,unkn[n1 #bdi ,! ,magic ,rema9d]1 #bej ,a ,p]son hav+ an equal ,numb] ( ,c\nt]s1 or ,pieces ( ,money1 9 ea* ,h&1 to f9d h[ _m he has altoge!r1 #bej ,! ,?ree ,jeal\s ,husb&s1 #bea ,! ,false ,scales1 #bea ,! ,apple ,woman1 #beb ,! ,graces & ,muses1 #beb ,! ,jesuitical ,tea*]1 #beb ,n9e ,qua9t ,que/ions1 #bec ,! ,fox1 ,goose & ,corn1 #bec ,multiply+ ,money by ,money1 #bec ,! ,unfair ,division1 #bee ,a ,popul> ,fallacy1 #bee ,curi\s ,tricks 9 ,geometry4 ,! ,inv5tor ( ,geometry1 #bef ,geometrical ,def9itions1 #bef ,! ,five ,geometrical ,solids1 #beg ,h[ to ,make ,five ,squ>es into a l>ge "o )\t any ,wa/e ( ,/uff1 #beh ,deceptive ,vision1 #beh ,! ,c>p5t] ,puzzl$1 #bei ,! ,bricklay] ,puzzl$1 #bfj ,triangul> ,problem1 #bfj ,to ,=m a ,squ>e1 #bfa ,squ>+ ! ,circle1 #bfb ,! ,p]plex$ ,cab9et ,mak]1 #bgg ,curi\s & ,amus+ ,puzzles4 ,alex&] ! ,great's ,puzzle1 #bff ,! ,*9ese ,cross1 #bff ,! ,p>allelogram1 #bfg ,! ,divid$ ,g>d51 #bfg ,! ,endless ,/r+1 #bfg ,*9ese ,maze1 ! ,will[ ,patt]n ,plate1 #bfh ,! ,v]tical ,l9e ,puzzle1 #bfh ,! ,?ree ,rabbits1 #bfi ,! ,accommodat+ ,squ>e1 #bfi ,! ,circle ,puzzle1 #bfi ,! ,c>dbo>d ,puzzle1 #bfi ,! ,button ,puzzle1 #bfi ,! ,qu>to ,puzzle1 #bfi ,! ,puzzle ( ,f\rte51 #bgj ,! ,squ>e & ,circle ,puzzle1 #bgj ,! ,scale & ,r+ ,puzzle1 #bgj ,! ,he>t ,puzzle1 #bga ,! ,cross ,puzzle1 #bgb ,! ,yankee ,squ>e1 #bgb ,! ,c>d ,puzzle1 #bgb ,! ,?ree ,squ>e ,puzzle1 #bgc ,! ,cyl9d] ,puzzle1 #bgc ,! ,f\r ,t5ants1 #bgc ,! ,puzzle ,wall1 #bgd ,! ,tw5ty-,f\r ,nuns1 #bgd ,! ,horse ,%oe ,puzzle1 #bgd ,! ,c>d ,squ>e1 #bge ,! ,dog ,puzzle1 #bge ,puzzle ( ! ,two ,fa!rs1 #bge ,! ,triangul> ,puzzle1 #bgf ,cutt+ out a ,cross1 #bgf ,ano!r ,cross ,puzzle1 #bgf ,! ,f\nta9 ,puzzle1 #bgf ,! ,puzzle ( ! ,/>s1 #bgg ,! ,c\nt] ,puzzle1 #bgg ,japan ,squ>e ,puzzle1 #bgg ,! ,cab9et ,mak]'s ,puzzle1 #bgg ,/r+ & ,balls ,puzzle1 #bgg ,d\ble ,head$ ,puzzle1 #bgh ,ari?metical ,puzzle1 #bgh ,grammatical ,puzzle1 #bgh ,! ,tree ,puzzle1 #bgi ,puzzl+ ,epitaph1 #bgi ,curi\s ,lett]1 #bgi ,a ,puzzl+ ,inscription1 #bgi ,puzzl+ ,k+s1 #bgi ,! ,knight's ,puzzle1 #bhc ,ano!r ,me?od1 #bhd ,ano!r ,me?od1 #bhg ,rosamond's ,b[]1 #bhg ,! ,labyr9?1 #bhh ,! ,*9ese ,puzzle1 #bhi ,tr\ble-,wit1 #bij ,answ]s to ,puzzles4 ,! ,*9ese ,cross1 #bia ,! ,p>allelogram1 #bia ,! ,divid$ ,g>d51 #bib ,! ,endless ,/r+1 #bib ,*9ese ,maze1 #bib ,! ,v]tical ,l9e ,puzzle1 #bic ,! ,?ree ,rabbits1 #bic ,! ,accommodat+ ,squ>e1 #bic ,! ,circle ,puzzle1 #bic ,! ,cut ,c>d ,puzzle1 #bid ,! ,button ,puzzle1 #bid ,! ,qu>to ,puzzle1 #bid ,! ,puzzle ( ,f\rte51 #bid ,! ,squ>e & ,circle ,puzzle1 #bie ,! ,scale & ,r+ ,puzzle1 #bie ,! ,he>t ,puzzle1 #bie ,! ,cross ,puzzle1 #bie ,! ,yankee ,squ>e1 #bie ,! ,c>d ,puzzle1 #bif ,! ,?ree ,squ>e ,puzzle1 #bif ,! ,cyl9d] ,puzzle1 #bif ,! ,f\r ,t5ants1 #bif ,! ,puzzle ,wall1 #big ,! ,tw5ty-,f\r ,nuns1 #big ,! ,horse ,%oe ,puzzle1 #big ,! ,c>d ,squ>e1 #big ,! ,dog ,puzzle1 #bih ,! ,two ,fa!rs1 #bih ,! ,triangul> ,puzzle1 #bih ,cutt+ out a ,cross1 #bii ,ano!r ,cross ,puzzle1 #bii ,! ,f\nta9 ,puzzle1 #bii ,! ,/> ,puzzle1 #cjj ,! ,c\nt] ,puzzle1 #cjj ,japan ,squ>e ,puzzle1 #cjj ,cab9et ,mak]'s ,puzzle1 #cjj ,/r+ & ,balls ,puzzle1 #cja ,d\ble ,head$ ,puzzle1 #cja ,ari?metical ,puzzle1 #cja ,grammatical ,puzzle1 #cja ,! ,tree ,puzzle1 #cja ,puzzl+ ,epitaph1 #cjb ,a ,curi\s ,lett]1 #cjb ,a ,puzzl+ ,inscription1 #cjb ,! ,magic ( ,art4 ,to ,trace an ,oval1 #cjc ,an ,endless ,s\rce ( ,amusem5t1 #cjc ,! ,magic ( ! ,oval1 #cjc ,v>iations ( ! ,oval1 #cjd ,:at may be done ) a ,squ>e1 #cje ,h[ to make a ,circle1 #cjf ,importance ( ! ,circle 9 ,draw+1 #cjg ,v>iation ( ! ,squ>e & ,circle1 #cjg ,importance ( ! ,triangle1 #cjh ,h[ to ,con/ruct a ,triangle1 #cji ,! ,triangle ,works ,wond]s 9 ,p]spective1 #caj ,exagg]at$ ,draw+1 #caa ,! ,p>allelogram & ,triangle 9 ,comb9ation1 #cab ,two ,p>allelograms 9 ,comb9ation1 #cab ,magic ( ! ,p>allelogram1 #cac ,! ,secret ( ,comic ,draw+1 #cac ,c>icature ,sket*+1 #cad ,simple ,elem5ts ( ! ,pr(ile1 #cae ,comic ,pr(iles1 #caf ,pun*1 & ,"m ,hubb>d1 #caf ,comical ,be>ds1 #caf ,! ,human ,figure1 #cag ,proportions ( ! ,human ,figure1 #cah ,/&>d ,height ( ! ,body1 #cah ,comical ,draw+ ( ! ,human ,figure1 #cai ,! ,c5tre ( ,gravity1 #cbj ,a ,c5tral ,l9e ?r\gh ,ev]y?+1 #cbj ,! ,curv$ ,l9e ,p]vades all ,nature1 #cba ,! ,droll ,l&scape1 #cbc ,attitude ,=m$ ^u ! ,curv$ ,l9e1 #cbd ,h[ to ,draw ^u ,glass1 = ,magic ,lant]n ,slides1 #cbe ,! ,magic ( ,secret ,writ+4 ,! ,art ( ,secret ,writ+ v ,anci5t1 #cbf ,v>i\s ,modes ( ,communicat+ ,secret ,intellig5ce1 #cbg ,*emi/ry an ,ag5t 9 ,secret ,writ+1 #cbg ,+5i\s ,mode ( ,secret ,writ+1 #cbh ,! ,*iffre ,ind*iffrable1 #cbh ,a ,lock = ,mr4 ,hobbs to ,pick1 #ccj ,! ,circul> ,cyph]1 #cca ,ano!r ,me?od1 #ccb ,! ,musical ,cyph]1 #ccc ,! ,magic ( ,/r5g?4 ,me*anical ,inv5tions ( ! ,anci5ts few 9 ,numb]1 #ccd ,anci5t & ,mod]n ,feats ( ,/r5g?1 #ccd ,feats ( ,eckeb]g p>ticul>ly describ$1 #cce ,"o ,man ,draw+ aga9/ ,two ,horses1 #cce ,break+ ! ,rope1 #ccf ,! ,anvil ,feat1 #ccf ,break+ ,/ones1 #ccg ,! ,*air ,feat1 #ccg ,! ,knee ,feat1 #cch ,! ,cannon ,feat1 #cch ,twi/+ ,iron ,b>s1 #cci ,g5]al ,explanation on all ! ,above ,feats1 #cci ,real ,feats ( ,/r5g? ,p]=m$ by ,?omas ,topham1 #cdj ,rem>kable ,p[] ( ,lift+ ,heavy ,p]sons :5 ! ,lungs are ,inflat$1 #cda ,pyramids ( ,m51 #cdb ,miscellane\s ,curi\s ,tricks & ,fancies4 ,an ,artificial ,memory1 #cdc ,! ,magician's ,mirror1 #cdd ,! ,p]spective ,mirror1 #cde ,! ,magical ,gyroscope1 #cdf ,artificial ,l&scape1 #cdh ,easy & ,curi\s ,me?od ( ,=etell+ ,ra9y or ,f9e ,wea!r1 #cdi ,! ,magical ,measure1 #cej ,! ,b\ndless ,prospect1 #cej ,! ,magical ,wat* ,lamp1 #ceb ,! ,h\r ( ! ,day or ,night told by a ,susp5d$ ,%ill+1 #cea ,! ,en*ant$ ,palace1 #ceb ,to ,"k :i* ( ,two ,diff]5t ,wat]s is ! ,lighte/1 )\t any ,scales1 #cec ,to ,"k if a ,suspici\s ,piece ( ,money is ,good or ,bad1 #cec ,! ,pyramid ( ,alum1 #ced ,! ,danc+ ,automaton1 #ced ,to ,melt a ,piece ( ,money 9 a ,walnut ,%ell )\t ,injur+ ! ,%ell1 #cee ,! ,invisible ,spr+s1 #cee ,! ,flight ( ! ,r+1 #cef ,musical ,figures result+ f ,s\nd1 #ceg ,to ,make a ,c>d ,jump out ( ! ,pack1 #ceg ,! ,tell-,tale ,c>ds1 #ceg ,! ,d\ble ,doz51 #ceh ,! ,h\sebreak]s1 #cei ,! ,magic ,book1 #cfj ,! ,tape ,trick1 #cfj ,m ?an ,full1 #cfa ,float+ ,ne$les1 #cfa ,! ,knott$ ,?read1 #cfa ,! ,bac*us ,exp]im5t1 #cfb ,curi\s ,me?od ( ,measur+ ! ,height ( a ,tree1 #cfb ,! ,transposable ,pieces1 #cfb ,,! ,,"y ,,conjuror4 ,illu/ration ,,includ+ ,,sleight ,,( ,,h&1 ,,) ,,objects ,,or ,,c>ds1 ,,) ,,& ,,)\t ,,app>atus4 ,t !re has be5 ,juggl]y 9 all ages ( ! _w1 ! pages ( hi/ory abundantly prove4 ,! anci5t religions ( ! hea!n 7 mix$ up ) an ext5sive sy/em ( leg]dema91 & 71 m or less1 tissues ( trick]y4 ,sleight ( h&1 tricks ( ! tongue by :i* ! ^w 0 kept to ! e>1 b brok5 to ! hope1 & v>i\s miracul\s deceptions1 7 ! means by :i* ! prie/s ( ,egypt1 ,greece1 & ,rome us$ to subjugate mank9d4 ,happy ought we to be1 9 liv+ 9 an age :5 humbug ( e k9d is sure to meet exposure by ! daylight beams ( tru?4 ,! ,ea/]n nations1 f ! e>lie/ times1 possess$1 besides ^! religi\s juggl]s1 o!rs :o made a livelihood by go+ f place to place1 & p]=m+ v>i\s tricks & feats by :i* ! judgem5t 0 bewild]$ & ! reason bamboozl$2 & ev5 n[ ! p]=m]s ( ! ,ea/ inf9itely exce$ ^? ( ! ,we/4 ,9 ! ,norman times ! juggl] 0 t]m$ jongleur1 or joculator1 & unit$ 9 "o ! m9/rel1 a/rolog]1 & m]ry-&rew4 ,9 ! f\rte5? c5tury1 he seems to h become m entirely a p]=m] ( tricks & feats1 & bore ! "n ( ,treget\r4 ,! treget\rs 7 adepts at e k9d ( sleight ( h&1 & by ! assi/ance ( ma*9]y ( v>i\s k9ds1 deceiv$ ! eyes ( ! spectators1 & produc$ su* illusions z 7 usually suppos$ to be ! effect ( en*antm5t1 = :i* reason !y 7 frequ5tly rank$ ) sorc]]s1 magicians1 & wit*es4 ,*auc]1 :o no d\bt _h frequ5tly an opportunity ( see+ ! tricks exhibit$ by ! treget\rs ( 8 "t1 says1 ,!re ,i sawe play5ge jogel\rs1 magyci5s1 tragete\rs1 phetonysses1 *>m]esses1 old wit*es1 & sorc]esses2 & ! old poet goes on to say to !m1 ,sometimes !y w br+ on ! similitude ( a grim lion1 or make fl[]s spr+ up z 9 a mead[2 sometimes !y cause a v9e to fl\ri%1 be>+ :ite & r$ grapes1 or %[ a ca/le built ) /one1 & :5 !y please1 !y cause ! :ole to disappe>3 & 9 ano!r "p ( 8 "w1 he says3 ,!re saw ,i ,coll ,treget\r1 ,^u a table ( sycam\r1 ,play an unc\! ?ynge to tell2 ,i sawe hym c>y a wyndemell1 ,"u a walnot %ale4--,h\se ( ,fame1 book iii4 ,! le>n$ mon>*1 ,james ,i1 0 p]fectly conv9c$ t ^! & o!r inf]ior feats exhibit$ by ! treget\rs ( 8 day1 c\ld only be p]=m$ by ! ag5cy ( ! old g5tleman1 :om x is n polite to "n4 ,! pr(ession _h already fall5 v l[1 & at ! close ( ! reign ( ,que5 ,elizabe?1 ! p]=m]s 7 rank$ by ! moral writ]s ( t "t1 n only ) ruffians1 blasphem]s1 ?ieves1 & vagabonds1 b also ) ,jews1 ,turks1 h]etics1 pagans1 & sorc]]s2 & 9 m mod]n times1 by way ( d]ision1 ! juggl] 0 call$ a mocus-pocus1 or hocus-pocus1 a t]m applicable to a pick-pocket1 or a common *eat4 ,! foll[+ pages are n int5d$ to make ! "y read] ei!r a *eat or a trick/]2 !re is no?+1 p]haps1 s utt]ly contemptible 9 e-day life1 z trick]y & deception1 & we w\ld caution our "y ma/] n to obta9 by ^! amusem5ts a love ( deception1 :i* is only all[able 9 su* feats ( amusem5t1 & :i* is 9 no way culpable1 :5 e "o kn[s he is deceiv$4 ,b we w\ld advise him /rongly to cultivate 9 8 own m9d ! virtues ( s9c]ity1 /raight=w>dness1 c&or1 op5ness1 & tru?2 to %un subt]fuge & deception z he w\ld a v5om\s reptile2 & to hate a lie z he w\ld hate t same old g5tleman :om we 7 too polite to "n1 & :o is ! fa!r ( x4 ,) ?is sage advice1 we %all pres5t a collection ( amus+ conjur+ tricks4 ,,sleight ,,( ,,h&4 ,x is my int5tion1 9 ! foll[+ pages1 to lay m /ress ^u ^? tricks :i* require no app>atus1 ?an ^u ^? = :i* special app>atus1 or ! assi/ance ( a conf$]ate1 is requir$4 ,no "o is ne>ly s well pleas$ by a trick ^: ess5ce evid5tly lies 9 ! ma*9]y1 :ile e "o feels pleasure at see+ a sleight ( h& trick neatly execut$4 ,= my own "p1 ,i despise all ! num]\s boxes1 bottles1 v>iegat$ cov]s1 & o!r gimcracks :i* are g5]ally se5 on a conjuror's table2 & ,i h nev] be5 s pleas$ ) any p]=m] z ) "o :o did n ev5 require a table1 b press$ into 8 s]vice articles borr[$ f 8 audi5ce1 z he /ood be=e !m1 or walk$ among !m4 ,! spectators %\ld nev] be able to say1 ,ah6 ! trick lies 9 ! box2 he d>es n %[ x to u6 ,! foll[+ tricks h almo/ all be5 successfully p]=m$ by myself1 & h caus$ me "s reputation 9 ! magic art4 ,"s are my own inv5tion3 #a4 ,,! ,,fly+ ,,dime4 ,?is trick mu/ be frequ5tly practic$ be=e x is produc$ 9 public4 ,borr[ two color$ silk h&k]*iefs f ! company1 & h ?ree dimes 9 y\r h&1 b only %[ two1 keep+ ! o!r "o firmly fix$ aga9/ ! fir/ jo9t ( ! second & ?ird f+]s4 ,y mu/ also h a f9e ne$le & ?read /uck inside ! cuff ( y\r coat4 ,!n take "o ( ! h&k]*iefs1 & put 9 bo? dimes1 b pret5d t only "o is 9 ! h&k]*ief2 !n put ! h&k]*ief into a hat1 leav+ "o corn] hang+ out4 ,n[ hold up ! ?ird dime 7:i* ! spectators imag9e is ! second71 & ask "o ( ! company to lay ! second h&k]*ief ov] x4 ,y !n ask him to hold ! dime tight betwe5 8 f+] & ?umb1 :ile y twi/ up ! h&k]*ief4 ,:ile do+ s1 ) bo? h&s conceal$ "u ! h&k]*ief1 y pass a few /it*es "u ! dime1 & replace ! ne$le4 ,?is be+ done1 spread "o corn] ( ! h&k]*ief ov] ! h& ( ! p]son :o is /ill hold+ ! dime1 &1 tak+ hold ( ano!r corn]1 tell him to drop ! dime :5 y h c\nt$ ?ree4 ,at ! ^w ?ree1 he lets g ! dime1 & y :isk ! h&k]*ief into ! air1 :5 ! dime appe>s to h vani%$1 b is really held 9 ! h&k]*ief4 ,y !n tell ! a/oni%$ individual to draw ! o!r h&k]*ief out ( ! hat by ! corn] t is hang+ out4 ,! two dimes are he>d to fall into ! hat1 & e "o is p]suad$ t y h conjur$ "o ( ! dimes out ( a p]son's h&1 & s5t x into ! hat4 #b4 ,,ano!r ,,me?od4 ,p]haps ! spectators may ask to see x aga91 or dem& to m>k ! dime4 ,9 ?is case1 v>y x z foll[s4 ,ask "s "o 7always *oose ! mo/ incr$ul\s ( ! p>ty7 to m>k a dime ( 8 own1 & give x y4 ,take ! same h&k]*ief1 & give him ! dime to hold t is already enclos$ 9 x1 z 9 ! la/ trick1 dropp+ ! m>k$ dime into ! palm ( y\r h&4 ,twi/ x up z be=e1 & !n leave x entirely 9 8 h&s4 ,direct him to place x on a table1 & cov] x ) a bas9 or sauc]4 ,ask him to give y a cup or tumbl]1 & hold x "u ! table1 b5ea? ! place :]e ! sauc] is4 ,!n tell him to knock ?ree times on ! sauc]1 & at ! ?ird knock let ! m>k$ dime fall into ! tumbl]4 ,h& him ! tumbl]1 & :ile he is exam9+ ! dime to see if x is ! same "o t he m>k$1 take up ! sauc]1 & %ake out ! h&k]*ief t is ly+ "u x1 z 9 ! la/ trick4 ,y mu/ !n return ! h&k]*ief1 & :ile y pret5d to be se>*+ = ! m>ks1 draw out ! ?read t held ! dime1 & drop ! co9 into ! palm ( y\r h&1 tak+ c>e to rub betwe5 y\r f+] & ?umb ! spot :]e ! ?reads _h be51 9 ord] to eradicate ! m>ks4 ,?is v>iation seldom fails to confuse ! company4 ,y mu/ rememb] to keep talk+ ! :ole "t1 & always try to make a joke1 or o!rwise to di/ract ! att5tion ( ! audi5ce1 :ile y are execut+ ! necess>y *anges4 #c4 ,,! ,,beads ,,& ,,/r+s4 ,illu/ration ,ask "s lady to l5d y ! beads (f h] bracelet1 or h by y five or six beads1 :i* y may h& r\nd = exam9ation4 ,!n get "s "o to cut two pieces ( ?9 /r+ ( equal l5g?1 & twi/ !m ab\t y\r f+]s1 appe>+ to lay !m side by side1 b 9 reality plac+ !m z 9 ! figure1 & !n1 by twi/+ !m toge!r ) app>5t c>elessness1 ! mann] 9 :i* !y are arrang$ w n be se51 p>ticul>ly if y keep ! po9t ( junction hidd5 ei!r by a f+]1 or by ?r[+ ! %ade ( y\r h& ^u x4 ,:5 ! beads are return$1 ?read !m all1 tak+ c>e to pass ! c5t] bead ov] ! po9t ( juncture4 ,y !n br+ ! ends ( ! /r+ #a & #b toge!r1 & tie !m s1 do+ ! same ) #c & #d4 ,n[ give ! ti$ ends to two p]sons1 direct+ !m to hold !m tight4 ,y ne$ n fe> t ! beads w come (f1 ev5 if !y pull h>d4 ,!n grasp ! beads ) bo? h&s1 direct+ ! hold]s to slack5 ! /r+s4 ,y !n1 "u cov] ( ! left h&1 :i* is plac$ above ! beads1 slip ! c5t] bead to "o side1 & draw out ! two loops :i* h be5 hidd5 9 x4 ,! beads w !n easily come (f into y\r "r h&4 ,tell ! hold]s to pull h>d1 :i* !y w d1 & ! same mom5t remove y\r h&s1 %[+ ! empty /r+s1 & all ! beads 9 y\r "r h&4 ,!n h& r\nd ! beads & /r+s z be=e4 ,rememb] to rub out ! m>ks 9 ! /r+s caus$ by ! loops1 be=e y remove y\r h&s4 #d4 ,,to ,,get ,a ,,r+ ,,out ,,( ,a ,,h&k]*ief4 ,b5d a piece ( gold wire into ! =m ( a r+1 hav+ previ\sly %>p5$ bo? ends4 ,y h a real r+ made ( ! same piece ( wire1 & conceal+ ! false r+ 9 ! palm ( y\r h&1 (f] ! real "o to be inspect$4 ,:5 x is return$1 borr[ a h&k]*ief1 & :ile tak+ x f ! l5d]1 slip ! real r+ into y\r left h&1 & take ! false "o at its po9t ( junction4 ,?r[ ! h&k]*ief ov] ! r+1 & give x to "s "o to hold betwe5 8 f+] & ?umb4 ,let ! h&k]*ief fall ov] x1 & give a piece ( /r+ to a second spectator1 direct+ him to tie x r\nd ! h&k]*ief1 ab\t two in*es bel[ ! r+1 s z to enclose x 9 a bag1 & tell him to d s z tightly z he c4 ,:ile he is do+ ?is1 take up y\r conjur+ w&1 a rod ( "s h>d wood1 ab\t eighte5 in*es long1 & :5 ! knot is ti$1 /ep =w>d1 pass+ ! rod into y\r left h&1 tak+ c>e to slip ov] x ! real r+1 :i* has la9 conceal$ !re4 ,slip y\r left h& to ! c5t] ( ! rod1 & direct ea* ( ! two p]sons to hold "o end ( x 9 8 "r h&4 ,!n tell ! "o :o has ! r+ & h&k]*ief1 to lay !m on y\r left h&1 :i* y imm$iately cov] ) y\r "r4 ,!n tell !m to spread ano!r h&k]*ief ov] y\r h&s1 & to say aft] y any nons5se t y l to inv5t4 ,:ile !y are s do+1 unb5d ! false r+1 & draw x ?r\gh ! h&k]*iefs by "o ( its po9ts1 c>efully rubb+ betwe5 ! ?umb & f+] ! place :]e x came ?r\gh4 ,hang ! empty h&k]*ief ov] ! r+ :i* is on ! rod1 & take away y\r h&s1 :i* y exhibit empty1 z y h /uck ! false r+ inside y\r cuff4 ,take away ! upp] h&k]*ief1 & let a ?ird p]son come to exam9e1 :5 he w f9d ! r+ gone out ( ! h&k]*ief1 & hung ^u ! rod4 #e4 ,,to ,,tie ,a ,,knot ,,9 ,a ,,h&k]*ief ,,:i* ,,_c ,,be ,,drawn ,,tight4 ,illu/ration ,ca/ an ord9>y knot on a h&k]*ief1 & give ! end out ( y\r "r h& to "s spectator1 & tell him to pull h>d & %>p :5 y c\nt ?ree4 ,j z he pulls1 slip y\r left ?umb "u ! h&k]*ief1 z drawn 9 ! cut1 & x w be pull$ out q /raight1 )\t any knot at all4 ,y mu/ let g ! end t hangs ov] ! left h&1 & grasp ! h&k]*ief betwe5 ! ?umb & =e f+]4 #f4 ,,! ,,?ree ,,cups4 ,illu/ration ,?is is an admirable delusion1 b requires v c>eful managem5t1 & %\ld be practic$ repeat$ly be=e x is exhibit$ publicly4 ,y get ?ree t9 cups1 ( ! %ape %[n 9 ! cut4 ,!y %\ld h two or ?ree ridges runn+ r\nd !m at ! m\?1 9 ord] to give a bett] hold4 ,f\r balls %\ld n[ be made ( cork1 & c>efully black5$4 ,"o ( ! balls is held conceal$ betwe5 ! roots ( ! ?ird & f\r? f+]s1 :ile ! o!r ?ree are h&$ r\nd = exam9ation1 toge!r ) ! cups4 ,:5 !y are return$1 ! "y conjuror beg9s by plac+ ea* ball "u a cup1 or1 if he *ooses1 ask+ "o ( ! spectators to d s = him4 ,:ile ?is is be+ done1 he slips ! f\r? ball to ! tips ( ! second & ?ird f+]s4 ,he !n lifts up cup ,no4 #a1 replaces x on ! table a few in*es f its fir/ position1 & at ! same "t slips ! f\r? ball "u x4 ,he takes up ball ,no4 #a1 & pret5ds to ?r[ x away1 b 9 reality he slips x into ! place :i* ! f\r? ball _h occupi$4 ,he does ! same ) ! ?ree cups1 & !n comm5ces a %am se>* aft] ! lo/ ball1 9 :i* he accid5tally 767 knocks ov] "o ( ! cups1 &1 to 8 pret5d$ a/oni%m5t1 f9ds a ball "u x4 ,he !n knocks ov] bo? ! o!r cups1 & f9ds 9 !m ! two miss+ balls4 ,he aga9 places ! balls "u ! cups1 tak+ c>e to slip ! f\r? ball "u cup ,no4 #c4 ,he !n takes up cup ,no4 #a1 & pret5ds to ?r[ ! ball into ,no4 #c1 b hides x z be=e4 ,z !re are already two balls 9 ,no4 #c1 ! spectators imag9e t he really has ?r[n ! ball into x4 ,he replaces cup ,no4 #c ov] bo? balls1 & slips among !m ball ,no4 #a4 ,he !n takes up cup ,no4 #b1 & goes ?r\gh ! same process1 & on knock+ ov] cup ,no4 #c1 all ?ree balls are f\nd toge!r "u x1 & :ile ! spectators are be+ a/oni%$1 ball ,no #b c be quickly got rid (4 ,a r />tl+ t]m9ation to ?is trick c be manag$ by tak+ up "o ( ! cups1 ) its m\? upw>ds hold+ ! f+] & ?umb close to its m\?4 ,!n by ?r[+ ano!r cup into x1 lett+ g ! fir/ & cat*+ ! second1 y appe> to h ?r[n ! second cup ?r\gh ! fir/4 #g4 ,,to ,,tie ,a ,,h&k]*ief ,,r\nd ,,y\r ,,leg1 ,,& ,,get ,,x ,,(f ,,)\t ,,unty+ ,,! ,,knot4 ,illu/ration ,hold ! h&k]*ief by bo? ends1 lay ! c5t] ( ! h&k]*ief on y\r knee1 & pass ! two ends bel[1 appe>+ to cross !m1 b 9 reality hit*+ !m )9 ea* o!r1 z repres5t$ 9 ! engrav+1 :i* %[s ! mann] 9 :i* ?is is manag$4 ,draw ?is loop tight1 & br+ back ! ends to ! same side on :i* !y 7 orig9ally1 & tie !m above4 ,if ! loop is prop]ly made1 x w /& a good pull4 ,!n1 aft] %[+ ! spectators h[ firmly x is ti$1 put y\r h& "u ! knot1 & by giv+ x a %>p pull1 x w come (f4 ,! engrav+ repres5ts ! mann] 9 :i* ! loop is made1 b x mu/ be made consid]ably small] ?an x is %[n1 or x w be se54 ,9 fact1 x ought n to be a loop at all1 z x %\ld be almo/ conceal$ "u ! fold ( ! h&k]*ief4 ,d n %[ ?is 9 public until y c tie x ) rapidity & precision4 #h4 ,,! ,,magic ,,bond4 ,illu/ration ,take a piece ( /r+1 & tie ! two ends toge!r ) a weav]'s knot1 z t holds ! be/1 & arrange x ov] ! f+]s1 z repres5t$ 9 ! engrav+4 ,hav+ done s1 let ! long loop hang loose1 lift bo? loops (f ! ?umb1 draw !m =w>d until ! /r+ is q tight1 & !n put !m beh9d ! h&1 by pass+ !m betwe5 ! second & ?ird f+]s4 ,!n pull ! "p ( ! /r+ t lies across ! roots ( ! f+]s1 & ! :ole affair w come (f4 #i4 ,,! ,,old ,,man ,,& ,,8 ,,*air4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #a ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #b ,fig4 #c #a4 ,"r =e f+] #b4 ,"r middle f+] ,take ! same piece ( /r+ z 9 ! la/ trick1 hold y\r left h& ) ! palm upp]mo/1 & hang ! /r+ ov] ! palm4 ,spread all ! f+]s1 & ) ! "r h& br+ =w>d ! loops t hang beh9d1 by pass+ x ov] ! second & ?ird f+]s4 ,loose ! loop1 take hold ( ! "p ( ! /r+ t crosses ! h&1 & pull x =w>ds4 ,:5 tight1 pass x to ! back ( ! h&1 ! rev]sal ( ! movem5t t br\ght x =w>ds4 ,loose ! loop1 ins]t ! =e-f+] & little f+] ( ! "r h& "u ! /r+ t encircles ! left =e-f+] & little f+]1 & pass ! two loops to ! back ( ! h&1 z %[n 9 ! cut1 ,fig4 #a4 ,tuck bo? loops "u ! cross-/r+s at ! back1 & y\r prelim9>ies are complet$4 ,!n beg9 y\r /ory3 ,!re 0 once ^u a "t1 an old man1 :o /ole a p\nd ( c&les4 ,"h !y are4 ,y !n hold y\r left h& z at ! comm5cem5t1 hook ! "r =e-f+] "u ! cross-piece at ! back1 & draw x d[nw>d until x is long en\gh to be pass$ ov] ! second & ?ird f+]s to ! front4 ,pass x ov]1 & draw x sl[ly upw>ds1 :5 ! similitude ( a p\nd ( c&les hang+ by _! /r+s w be se54 7,see ,fig4 #b47 ,! old man be+ tir$ hung up 8 c&les1 y !n hang ! long loop ov] y\r ?umb1 & sat d[n 9 8 high-back$ *air1 :i* y see "h4 ,y !n hit* ! "r =e f+] & middle f+] "u ! two loops t w be f\nd hang+ beh9d ! left h&1 br+ !m to ! front1 raise !m p]p5dicul>ly1 & ! *air w be se5 z 9 ,fig4 #c4 ,! ?umb mu/ be rais$ p]p5dicul>ly1 & br\ght z mu* z possible into ! c5t] ( ! h&1 or ! *air w be all aside4 ,:5 ! old man 0 re/$1 x began to become d>k1 & he took a pair ( scissors to cut d[n a c&le = himself4 ,"h are ! scissors4 ,:ile y are say+ ?is1 y slip ! loop (f ! ?umb1 & y get ,fig4 #d4 ,move ! blades & h&les ( ! scissors1 z if cutt+ some?+ ) !m4 ,j z he _h light$ x1 9 came a policeman1 & produc$ 8 /aff1 ) ! ,que5's cr[n at ! top4 ,n[ let g ! little f+] ( ! left h& & ! loop w run up ! /r+ t[>ds ! "r h&1 produc+ ,fig4 #e4 ,! old man 9 va9 tri$ to resi/1 = ! policeman call$ a comrade to 8 assi/ance1 & !y ti$ a cord r\nd ! old man's arms 9 a tight knot1 l ?is--slip ! "r middle f+] out ( its loop1 & y w obta9 ,fig4 #f--;& c>ri$ him (f to prison4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #d #a4 ,=e f+] ( left h&1 #b4 ,little f+] ( left h&4 #c4 ,=e f+] ( "r h&4 #d4 ,middle f+] ( "r h&4 _/ ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #e #a4 ,"r middle f+]4 #b4 ,"r =e f+]4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #f #a4 ,"r =e #a4 f+]4 #b4 ,left h&4 #aj4 ,,to ,,tie ,a ,,knot ,,on ,,! ,,left ,,wri/1 ,,)\t ,,lett+ ,,! ,,"r ,,h& ,,approa* ,,x4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #a ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #b ,take a piece ( ?ick pliant /r+ by ea* end1 & ) a quick j]k ( ! "r h& ca/ a loop on x z 9 ,fig4 #a4 ,! j]k mu/ be giv5 upw>ds & t[>ds ! left h&1 & its impetus w cause ! loop to run up ! /r+ until x falls ov] ! left wri/1 z 9 ,fig4 #b4 ,! mom5t t ! =w>d j]k is giv5 ! "r h& %\ld be drawn back1 s t ! loop is drawn tight directly x has settl$ on ! wri/4 ,bo? ends %\ld be let fall :5 ! knot is firm4 ,?is is a v nice little sleight ( h& trick to practice 9 ! int]vals betwe5 m %[y ones1 &1 al?\gh r difficult to le>n1 is soon acquir$4 #aa4 ,,! ,,h&cuffs4 ,illu/ration ,let two p]sons1 ,a & ,b1 h _! h&s ti$ toge!r ) /r+1 s t ! /r+s cross1 z repres5t$ 9 ! engrav+4 ,! object is1 to free !mselves f ea* o!r )\t unty+ ! knot4 ,x is execut$ 9 ! foll[+ mann]3 ,let ,b ga!r up ! /r+ t jo9s 8 h&s1 pass ! loop "u ! /r+ t b9ds ei!r ( ,a's wri/s1 slip x ov] ,a's h&1 & bo? w be free4 ,by a rev]sal ( ! same process1 ! /r+ may be replac$4 #ab4 ,,to ,,pull ,a ,,/r+ ,,?r\gh ,,y\r ,,button-,,hole4 ,take a piece ( /r+ ab\t two feet 9 l5g?1 & tie ! ends toge!r4 ,pass x ?r\gh a button-hole ( y\r coat2 hit* "o ?umb at ea* end1 hook ! little f+]s into ! upp] /r+s ( ! opposite h&4 ,!n draw ! h&s well outw>d1 & ! /r+ w look v complicat$1 z 9 ! engrav+4 ,illu/ration ,to get out ! /r+1 loose ! hold ( ! "r ?umb & left little f+]1 & sep>ate ! h&s sm>tly1 :5 ! /r+ w appe> to h be5 pull$ out ?r\gh ! sub/ance ( y\r coat4 ,x is an improvem5t ( ! trick1 if1 imm$iately on loos+ ! hold ( ! "r ?umb1 y *ange ! /r+ f ! "r little f+] on to ! ?umb4 #ac4 ,,! ,,cut ,,/r+ ,,re/or$4 ,tie toge!r ! ends ( a piece ( /r+1 pass "o h& ?r\gh ea* end1 twi/ x once r\nd1 & put bo? ends into ! left h&4 ,draw ! "r h& rapidly along ! d\ble /r+s until y come to ! place :]e ! /r+s h cross$ ea* o!r1 z se5 9 ! engrav+4 ,conceal ! junction ) ! ?umb & f+] ( ! "r h&2 hold ! /r+s 9 a simil> mann] ) ! left h&1 & tell "s "o to cut ! /r+ betwe5 !m4 ,y %[ t ! /r+ has be5 divid$ into two pieces1 & say t y w jo9 !m ) y\r tee?4 ,put all f\r ends into y\r m\?1 & remove ) y\r tongue ! little loop t has be5 cut (f4 ,:5 y take ! /r+ out ( y\r m\?1 ! spectators w n notice ! abs5ce ( s small a portion ( its l5g?1 & w fancy t y really h jo9$ !m4 ,illu/ration3 #a4 ,! twi/$ /r+4 #b4 ,! mann] ( hold+ x4 #ad4 ,,! ,,gordian ,,knot4 ,illu/ration3 #a ,illu/ration3 #b ,take a silk h&k]*ief1 & lay x on a table4 ,take ea* ( ! corn]s1 & lay !m across ea* o!r 9 ! middle ( ! h&k]*ief1 :i* w !n be squ>e1 z 9 ! cut1 ,fig4 #a4 ,d ! same ) ! new corn]s1 & g on until ! h&k]*ief is r$uc$ to ! size ( y\r h&4 ,!n ) y\r left f+] & ?umb take hold ( ! c5t]1 tak+ c>e to grasp all ! f\r corn]s t lie !re1 & ) ! "r f+] & ?umb take hold ( ! out] lay] ( silk1 & pull x t[>ds y z f> z x w come4 ,!n turn x a little on y\r left h&1 & repeat ! op]ation until x is all screw$ up into a tight ball1 z is repres5t$ 9 ! engrav+1 ,fig4 #b4 ,no ends w be !n p]ceptible1 & a p]son :o is unacqua9t$ ) ! mode w nev] be able to untie x4 ,( c\rse y mu/ prep>e x previ\sly4 ,:5 ! p]son to :om y give x has fail$ to untie x1 y take ! ball 9 y\r h&1 & hold+ x beh9d y\r back1 y rev]se ! me?od by :i* x 0 ti$1 & :5 x is loose a good %ake w release x4 #ae4 ,,! ,,knot ,,loos5$4 ,?is is a v amus+ deception4 ,y ask any "o = a h&k]*ief1 & tie ! ends firmly toge!r 9 a d\ble knot1 all[+ him to feel x1 or pull ! ends z tight z he pleases4 ,y !n ?r[ ! c5t] ( ! h&k]*ief ov] ! knot1 ask ! p]son to hold x tight betwe5 8 f+] & ?umb4 ,y ask him if ! knot is /ill !re1 to :i* he w answ] 9 ! affirmative4 ,y !n take hold ( any "p ( ! h&k]*ief1 & direct ! hold] to drop ! h&k]*ief at ! ^w ?ree4 ,y c\nt1 "o1 two1 ?ree1 at :i* ^w he looses 8 hold ( ! h&k]*ief1 & !re is no ve/ige left ( ! knot4 ,illu/ration ,! me?od ( manag+ ?is trick is z foll[s3 ,take ! h&k]*ief & tie ! ends 9 a simple knot1 keep+ "o end tight1 & ! o!r end loose4 ,we w call ! tight end ,a1 & ! loose "o ,b4 ,keep ,a always 9 ! "r h&1 & on ! /ret* horizontally1 & ! h&k]*ief w look z 9 ! cut4 ,d ?is :5 y tie x ! second "t1 & draw ,b tight1 :i* w !n =m a d\ble tie r\nd ,a1 b w n hold x firm4 ,:5 y ?r[ ! h&k]*ief ov] ! knot1 y draw out ,a ) ! f+] & ?umb ( ! left h&1 & ! knot w app>5tly rema9 firm1 al?\gh 9 reality x is no?+ b a d\ble twi/ ( silk1 :i* ( c\rse falls loose :5 ! h&k]*ief is dropp$4 #af4 ,,to ,,put ,,nuts ,,into ,,y\r ,,e>4 ,take ?ree nuts 9 ! left h&1 %[ !m1 & take out "o ( !m betwe5 y\r "r f+] & ?umb1 & ano!r betwe5 ! fir/ & ?ird f+]4 ,?is latt] is n se5 by ! company4 ,y !n put "o ( !m 9 y\r m\? & reta9 x !re1 unkn[n to ! spectators1 :ile y exhibit ! second z ! "o t y put into y\r m\?4 ,?is second "o y c>ry to y\r e>1 z if y meant to ins]t x !re1 & on replac+ x 9 y\r left h&1 only two nuts w be left in/ead ( ?ree1 ! ?ird ( :i* appe>s to h gone into y\r e>4 #ag4 ,,to ,,crack ,,walnuts ,,9 ,,y\r ,,elb[4 ,conceal a v /rong walnut 9 y\r "r h&1 & take two o!r walnuts out ( ! di%4 ,place "o ( !m on ! jo9t ( y\r arm1 & say t y are go+ to break x by ! p[] ( y\r muscles4 ,y w n[ h "o walnut 9 y\r arm & two 9 y\r "r h&4 ,close y\r left arm1 & /rike x an app>5tly viol5t bl[ ) ! "r h&1 at ! same "t cl5*+ ! "r h& viol5tly1 :i* w sma% ! second walnut 9 x1 & ! spectators he>+ ! cra% w be sure to fancy t x is caus$ by ! demolition ( ! walnut 9 y\r arm4 ,!n op5 y\r arm v g5tly 7= fe> ( dropp+ any ( ! fragm5ts1 y mu/ say71 &1 :5 pret5d+ to take out ! walnut :i* y _h plac$ !re1 y sub/itute = x ! brok5 "o f y\r "r h&4 #ah4 ,,to ,,take ,,fea!rs ,,out ,,( ,,an ,,empty ,,h&k]*ief4 ,procure at ! milit>y clo?i]'s f\r or five l>ge plumes1 su* z are worn by (fic]s4 ,take (f y\r coat1 & lay ! plumes along y\r arms1 ! /em be+ t[>d y\r h&4 ,n[ put on y\r coat aga91 & ! fea!rs w lie q smoo?ly & unsuspect$4 ,borr[ a h&k]*ief f "o ( ! spectators1 & wave x ab\t to %[ t x is empty4 ,?r[ x ov] y\r left h&1 & ) ! "r draw out "o ( ! plumes f up ! coat-sleeve1 at ! same "t giv+ x a fl\ri% 9 ! air1 :i* w loos5 all ! fib]s ( ! fea!r1 & make x appe> mu* too l>ge to h be5 conceal$ ab\t ! p]son4 ,wave ! h&k]*ief aga91 & repeat ! op]ation until all ! plumes are gone4 ,y c c>ry en\gh plumes "u ! sleeve to cov] a table )1 & if y prep>e a bo>d or an ornam5tal vase full ( holes1 y c place ! plumes upright z y take !m out4 #ai4 ,,! ,,knott$ ,,h&k]*ief4 ,?is feat consi/s 9 ty+ a numb] ( h>d knots 9 a pocket-h&k]*ief borr[$ f "o ( ! company1 !n lett+ any p]son hold ! knots1 & by ! op]ator m]ely %ak+ ! h&k]*ief1 all ! knots become unloos5$1 & ! h&k]*ief is re/or$ to its orig9al /ate4 ,to p]=m ?is excell5t trick1 get z s(t a h&k]*ief z possible1 & tak+ ! opposite ends1 "o 9 ea* h&1 ?r[ ! "r h& ov] ! left1 & draw x ?r\gh1 z if y 7 go+ to tie a knot 9 ! usual way4 ,aga9 ?r[ ! "r-h& end ov] ! left1 & give ! left-h& end to "s p]son to pull1 y at ! same "t pull+ ! "r-h& end ) y\r "r h&1 :ile y\r left h& holds ! h&k]*ief j beh9d ! knot4 ,press ! ?umb ( y\r left h& aga9/ ! knot to prev5t its slipp+1 always tak+ c>e to let ! p]son to :om y gave "o end pull fir/3 s t1 9 fact1 he is only pull+ aga9/ y\r left h&4 ,y n[ tie ano!r knot exactly 9 ! same way z ! fir/1 tak+ c>e always to ?r[ ! "r-h& end ov] ! left4 ,z y g on ty+ ! knots1 y w f9d ! "r-h& end ( ! h&k]*ief decreas+ consid]ably 9 l5g?1 :ile ! left-h& "o rema9s ne>ly z long z at fir/2 because1 9 fact1 y are m]ely ty+ ! "r-h& end r\nd ! left4 ,to prev5t ?is f be+ notic$1 y %\ld /oop d[n a little aft] ea* knot1 & pret5d to pull ! knots tight]2 :ile1 at ! same "t1 y press ! ?umb ( ! "r h& aga9/ ! knot1 & ) ! f+]s & palm ( ! same h&1 draw ! h&k]*ief1 s z to make ! left-h& end %ort]1 keep+ x at ea* knot z ne>ly ! l5g? ( ! "r-h& end z possible4 ,:5 y h ti$ z _m knots z ! h&k]*ief w admit (1 h& !m r\nd = ! company to feel t !y are firm knots2 !n hold ! h&k]*ief 9 y\r "r h&1 j bel[ ! knots1 & ) ! left h& turn ! loose "p ( ! c5t] ( ! h&k]*ief ov] !m1 desir+ "s p]son to hold !m4 ,be=e !y take ! h&k]*ief 9 h&1 y draw out ! "r-h& end ( ! h&k]*ief1 :i* y h 9 ! "r h&1 & :i* y may easily d1 & ! knots be+ /ill held toge!r by ! loose "p ( ! h&k]*ief1 ! p]son :o holds ! h&k]*ief w decl>e he feels !m3 y !n take hold ( "o ( ! ends ( ! h&k]*ief :i* hangs d[n1 & desire him to repeat aft] y1 "o1 two1 ?ree2 !n tell him to let g1 :51 by giv+ ! h&k]*ief a sm>t %ake1 ! :ole ( ! knots w become unloos$4 ,%\ld y1 by accid5t1 :il/ ty+ ! knots1 give ! wrong end to be pull$1 a h>d knot w be ! consequ5ce1 & y w "k :5 ?is has happ5$ ! in/ant y try to draw ! left-h& end ( ! h&k]*ief %ort]4 ,y mu/1 !re=e1 turn ?is mi/ake to ! be/ advantage1 by ask+ any "o ( ! company to see h[ long x w take him to untie "o knot1 y c\nt+ ! seconds4 ,:5 he has unti$ ! knot1 y\r o!r knots w rema9 "r z !y 7 be=e4 ,hav+ f9i%$ ty+ ! knots1 let ! same p]son hold !m1 & tell him t1 z he took two m9utes to untie "o knot1 he ought to all[ y f\rte5 m9utes to untie ! sev52 b z y d n wi% to take any advantage1 y w be satisfi$ ) f\rte5 seconds4 ,y may excite "s laught] dur+ ! p]=mance ( ?is trick1 by desir+ ^? :o pull ! knots along ) y1 to pull z h>d z !y please1 & n to be afraid1 z ! h&k]*ief is n y\rs2 y may likewise g to ! own] ( ! h&k]*ief1 & desire him to assi/ y 9 pull+ a knot1 say+1 t if ! h&k]*ief is to be torn1 x is only "r t he %\ld h a %>e ( x2 y may likewise say t he does n pull v h>d1 :i* w cause a laugh aga9/ him4 #bj4 ,,h\d9',s ,,nut ,,trick4 ,to p]=m a clev] trick ) dext]ity be=e a small p>ty is at once to become ! h]o ( ! ev5+4 ,if y _c s+1 y mu/ solve conundrums1 or dance a horn-pipe2 if nei!r ( ^! be y\r =te1 a good trick or two w give equal pleasure to ! bright blue eyes pe]+ at y4 ,! nut trick is exhibit$ ?us3 ,! pr(essor h&s ! audi5ce a dess]t plate & a cambric h&k]*ief = exam9ation2 ^! be+ return$1 he places ! plate ^u a table ne> to him2 ! h&k]*ief is !n spread out q flat ov] ! plate4 ,at comm&1 sug>$ almonds1 nuts1 & comfits p\r into ! dess]t plate ! in/ant ! k]*ief is lift$ up1 produc+ an effect t w\ld h a/oni%$ ! magi ( old4 ,! way 9 :i* x is done is ?is3 ,make a calico bag l>ge en\gh to hold ! nuts & sweetmeats y int5d to di/ribute1 exactly to ! patt]n ( a nightcap1 or ! lett] ,a3 a small selvage is turn$ up at ! bottom ( ! bag2 procure two pieces ( wat* spr+1 & b5d !m q flat1 ea* spr+ to be exactly half ! diamet] ( ! bag4 ,^! are put into ! selvage1 & sewn up firm4 ,:5 ! bag is op5$1 x w close itself 9 consequ5ce ( ! spr+s4 ,a long p9 is pass$ ?r\gh ! top ( ! bag & b5t r\nd hook-%ape4 ,if ! bag be n[ fill$ ) nuts1 c41 x may be susp5d$ by ! hook1 )\t any dang] ( ! nuts or any?+ else fall+ out2 because1 al?\gh ! m\? ( ! bag is d[nw>ds1 ! spr+s keep x %ut4 ,:5 ?is trick is to be %[n1 ! prep>$ bag is hung on ! side ( ! table t is away f ! audi5ce4 ,! plate is also plac$ on t side2 & :5 ! h&k]*ief is laid ov] ! plate a portion is left to fall ov] ! side ( ! table4 ,n[ ! k]*ief is pick$ up ) ! "r h& 9 ! c5t] 7j z a lady does :5 %e wi%es to exhibit ! lace edge71 & ) x ! bag ( nuts2 ! folds ( ! cambric hide ! bag4 ,! left h& is n[ us$ to draw ov] ! h&k]*ief & to press ! bag2 ?is causes ! spr+s to op51 & out fall ! good ?+s ^u ! plate4 ,?is causes suffici5t div]sion = ! m]e/ tyro ( a conjuror to drop ! bag beh9d ! table unse51 :ile he advances to ! audi5ce1 politely inquir+1 ,w y take a few nuts or sweetmeats8 #ba4 ,,conjur+ ,a ,,r+4 ,sev]al v m>vel\s tricks c be %[n ) an ord9>y f+] r+1 su* z pass+ x ?r\gh ! table1 ?r\gh a bas91 an ale-glass or a plate1 !n into a box or ne/ ( boxes1 & o!r feats ( leg]dema9 ( a simil> k9d4 ,^! tricks are s good t !y are always %[n by ! pr(essors ( magic at ev5+ p>ties1 b are nev] expla9$2 h[ev]1 we w attempt x4 ,procure a s(t clean silk h&k]*ief & a %am gold r+2 n[ a ne$leful ( black silk1 d\ble2 sew ! silk to ! middle ( ! h&k]*ief1 & let ! r+ hang f x1 susp5d$ by ! end ( ! silk1 say at ab\t ?ree or f\r in*es f ! k]*ief4 ,:5 ! h&k]*ief is held up by two corn]s1 ! susp5d$ r+ mu/ always hang on ! side fac+ ! magician2 ! h&k]*ief c !n be %ak51 fold$1 & crumpl$ up 9 ! h&s1 s z to make x appe> all fair4 ,n[1 to pass a r+ ?r\gh a dr9k+-glass & plate1 & ?r\gh ! table on :i* x is plac$4 ,if any lady or g5tleman w k9dly l5d me a r+1 ,i %all be happy to exhibit ! electric & magnetic action ( metallic sub/ances on diaphan\s bodies & c]amic manufactures1 by %[+ _! imp]vi\sness1 & ! porosity ( ligne\s products ( ! ,honduras4 ,hem6 says ,aunt ,c>ol9e1 :at an extraord9>y y\?6 ,d n1 h[ev]1 all[ y\rself to be c>ri$ away by any flatt]y ( ?is k9d1 b det]m9e to d ! trick well1 & des]ve praise4 ,take ! borr[$ r+ 9 ! ,,left h&1 & keep x !re2 pret5d to pass x to ! "r h&1 & say1 ,i w place x 9 ! h&k]*ief4 ,:o w k9dly hold x = me :ile ,i put ! glass on ! plate 9 ! c5t] ( ! table8 ,:ile y ?us freely ask :o w hold ! k]*ief1 y w secure ! mo/ ba%ful lady or g5tleman 9 ! company to hold ! 7y\r7 r+ 9 ! h&k]*ief4 ,y w p]ceive1 ladies & g5tlem51 t ! glass & ! plate are n[ q empty4 ,i %all n[ place ! glass 9 ! plate on to ! c5t] ( ! table1 & reque/ ! lady 7or g5t7 to place ! r+ & ! h&k]*ief ov] ! glass4 ,i p>ticul>ly draw y\r att5tion to ! fact t y w he> ! r+ fall into ! glass :5 ,i reque/ x to be releas$4 ,y w !n be c]ta9 t x is 9 ! glass2 b at my comm& x %all pass into ?is box 7%[ ! box r\nd71 :i* ,i %all place "u ! table4 ,n[1 miss 7or sir7 be good en\gh to let ! r+ fall into ! glass4 ,sil5ce6 ,t+6 ,y he>d x fall8 ,yes1 all mu/ reply1 except ! deaf4 ,pre/o6 ,x is n[ 9 ! box4 ,y lift ! h&k]*ief1 smoo? d[n y\r br[ ) x1 & put x into y\r pocket4 ,! audi5ce are n[ left to !mselves4 ,!y ru% to ! plate & glass1 x is n !re2 n[ ! box1 behold6 x is z s\nd z ev]3 h[ x got !re ,aunt ,c>ry c\ld nev] tell1 b y c\ld1 = y put x !re out ( y\r left h& :5 y plac$ ! box "u ! table4 #bb4 ,,! ,,erratic ,,egg4 ,illu/ration ,transf] ! egg f "o w9e-glass to ! o!r1 & back aga9 to its orig9al position1 )\t t\*+ ! egg or glasses1 or all[+ any p]son or any ?+ to t\* !m4 ,to p]=m ?is trick1 all t y h to d1 is to bl[ sm>tly on "o side ( ! egg1 & x w hop into ! next glass2 repeat ?is & x w hop back aga94 #bc4 ,,! ,,ob$i5t ,,dime4 ,a ,,capital ,,trick ,,at ,,! ,,d9n] ,,table4 ,illu/ration ,lay a dime betwe5 two half-doll>s1 & place ^u ! l>g] co9s a glass1 z 9 ! diagram4 ,remove ! dime )\t displac+ ei!r ( ! half-doll>s or ! glass4 ,aft] hav+ plac$ ! glass & co9s z indicat$1 simply scrat* ! tableclo? ) ! nail ( ! =e f+] 9 ! direction y w\ld h ! dime to move1 & x w answ] imm$iately4 ,! table clo? is necess>y2 = ?is reason ! trick is be/ suit$ to ! breakfa/ or d9n] table4 ,! amusem5t w be height5$ by recit+ ! foll[+ words prior to mov+ ! f+]3 ,little dime1 d n /ay ,9 a place s out-(-!-way2 ,b :5 my f+] mov$ %all be1 ,l a good fell[ come to me4 #bd4 ,,! ,,prison] ,,releas$4 ,illu/ration ,place a dime 9 ! bottom ( a glass1 & ov] ! latt] put a qu>t]1 z 9 ! diagram4 ,! puzzle is to remove ! small co9 f b5ea? ! l>g] "o1 )\t t\*+ ei!r ( ! co9s1 or t\*+ or upsett+ ! glass4 ,to d ?is capital trick y mu/ bl[ ) consid]able =ce d[n "o side ( ! glass ^u ! edge ( ! qu>t]4 ,! dime w be expell$ by ! =ce ( ! air1 & w fall ei!r ^u ! upp] surface ( ! qu>t] or ^u ! table4 ,a little practice w r5d] ! p]=mance ( ?is feat v easy4 #be4 ,,advantage\s ,,wag]4 ,reque/ a lady to l5d y a wat*4 ,exam9e x1 & give a guess z to its value2 !n (f] to lay ! own] a wag]1 consid]ably bel[ ! real value ( ! wat*1 t %e w n answ] to ?ree que/ions :i* y w put to h] consecutively1 ,my wat*4 ,%[ h] ! wat*1 & say1 ,:at is ?is :i* ,i hold 9 my h&8 %e1 ( c\rse1 w n fail to reply1 ,my wat*4 ,next pres5t to h] notice "s o!r object1 repeat+ ! same "q4 ,if %e "n ! object y pres5t1 %e loses ! wag]2 b if %e be on h] gu>d1 & rememb]+ h] /ake1 %e says1 ,my wat*1 %e mu/1 ( c\rse1 w92 & y1 !re=e1 to div]t h] att5tion1 %\ld obs]ve to h]1 ,y are c]ta9 to w9 ! /ake1 b suppos+ ,i lose1 :at w y give me8 & if1 confid5t ( success1 %e replies = ! ?ird "t1 ,my wat*1 !n take x & leave h] ! wag] agre$ on4 #bf4 ,,! ,,d\ble ,,mean+4 ,place a glass ( any liquor ^u ! table1 put a hat ov] x1 & say1 ,i w engage to dr9k ! liquor "u t hat1 & yet ,i'll n t\* ! hat4 ,y !n get "u ! table1 & aft] giv+ ?ree knocks1 y make a noise ) y\r m\? z if y 7 swall[+ ! liquor4 ,!n gett+ f "u ! table1 y say1 ,n[1 g5tlem51 be pleas$ to look4 ,"s "o1 eag] to see if y drank ! liquor1 w raise up ! hat1 :5 y in/antly take ! glass1 & dr9k ! cont5ts1 say+1 ,g5tlem51 ,i h fulfill$ my promise4 ,y are all witnesses t ,i did n t\* ! hat4 #bg4 ,,! ,,?ree ,,spoons4 ,?is is a mo/ capital trick1 b x requires a conf$]ate's aid4 ,place ?ree silv] spoons crosswise on a table1 reque/ any p]son to t\* "o1 & assure him y w f9d out ! "o he t\*es by a s+le inspection2 al?\gh y w leave ! room :ile he does s1 & ev5 if he t\*es x s g5tly z n to dis>range ! ord] 9 :i* !y are once put 9 ! slighte/ degree4 ,y retire2 & :5 he gives y notice to ent]1 walk up to ! table & inspect ! spoons1 z if try+ to asc]ta9 :e!r !re are any f+]-m>ks ^u !m1 & !n decide4 ,y\r conf$]ate1 ( c\rse1 makes "s sign1 previ\sly agre$ ^u1 to give y notice :i* is ! id5tical spoon2 ! actions may be1 t\*+ a button ( 8 jacket = ! top spoon1 t\*+ 8 *9 = ! second1 & putt+ 8 f+] to 8 lips may signify ! l[e/2 b ! precise actions are immat]ial1 s t ! spoon !y indicate be und]/ood4 #bh4 ,,! ,,juggl]',s ,,joke4 ,take a little ball 9 ea* h&1 & /ret* y\r h&s z f> ap>t z y possibly c1 "o f ! o!r2 !n tell ! company t y w make bo? ! balls come into :i*ev] h& !y please1 )\t br++ ! h&s into contact ) ea* o!r4 ,if any ( ! look]s-on *all5ge y\r ability ( a*iev+ ?is feat1 all y h to d is to lay "o ( ! balls d[n ^u a table1 turn y\rself r\nd1 & take x up ) y\r o!r h&4 ,bo? ! balls w ?us be 9 "o ( y\r h&s1 )\t ! latt] approa*+ ! o!r1 agreeably to y\r promise4 #bi4 ,,to ,,cause ,,w9e ,,& ,,wat] ,,to ,,*ange ,,places4 ,fill a small n>r[-neck$ bulb ) port w9e1 or ) wat] & color$ _s ( w9e1 & put ! bulb into a tall1 n>r[ glass j>1 :i* is !n to be fill$ up ) cold wat]3 imm$iately1 ! color$ fluid w issue f ! bulb1 & accumulate on ! surface ( ! wat] 9 ! j>1 :ile colorless wat] w be se5 accumulat+ at ! bottom ( ! bulb4 ,by close inspection1 ! desc5d+ curr5t ( ! wat] may also be obs]v$1 & ! color$ & ! colorless liquids be se5 to pass ea* o!r 9 ! n>r[ neck ( ! bulb )\t mix+4 ,! :ole ( ! color$ fluid w %ortly h asc5d$1 & ! bulb w be entirely fill$ ) cle> wat]4 #cj4 ,,is ,,x ,,possible8 ,side by side place ?ree pieces ( any?+1 7money is mo/ conv5i5t17 !n take away ! middle piece )\t t\*+ x4 ,by remov+ ! "r h& piece to ! side ( ! left1 y ?us take away ! c5t] )\t t\*+ x4 #ca4 ,,! ,,top]',s ,,/ratagem4 ,get a bottle full ( wat]1 ) ! cork driv5 tightly 91 & ! top ( x level ) ! neck ( ! bottle4 ,y mu/ remove ! cork f ! bottle )\t t\*+ ! cork ) any?+1 & )\t injur+ ! bottle4 ,wrap a t[el r\nd ! bottom ( ! bottle1 & /rike x ev5ly & repeat$ly1 b n too h>d1 aga9/ a wall1 po/1 or tree1 & aft] "s "t ! cork w be driv5 out ( ! bottle4 #cb4 ,,! ,,impossible ,,omelet4 ,produce "s butt]1 eggs1 & o!r +r$i5ts = mak+ an omelet1 toge!r ) a fry+-pan1 9 a room :]e !re is a fire1 & (f] to bet a wag]1 t ! clev]e/ cook w n be able to make an omelet ) !m4 ,! wag] is won by hav+ previ\sly caus$ ! eggs to be boil$ v h>d4 #cc4 ,,new ,,p]petual ,,rot>y ,,motion4 ,by an accid5tal occurr5ce1 x has rec5tly be5 discov]$ t a piece ( rock-cry/al1 or qu>tz1 cut 9 a peculi> =m1 produces1 ^u an incl9$ plane1 & )\t any app>5t impetus1 an extraord9>y rot>y motion1 :i* maybe kept up = an indef9ite p]iod ( "t4 ,! curiosity ( ?is philosophical toy hav+ excit$ g5]al int]e/ 9 ! sci5tific _w1 ,pr(essor ,leslie1 9 8 lecture1 ?us expla9s ! ph5om5on3 ,! cry/al has six sides1 & be+ cut accurately f ! faces to a p]fect convex surface1 if plac$ ^u a wett$ smoo? surface1 & held p>allel1 no motion w take place1 because ! c5t] ( gravity ( ea* face is balanc$ & support$ 9 ?is position ( ! plane surface2 b if a slight incl9ation is giv5 to ! plane1 a rot>y motion comm5ces1 9 consequ5ce ( ! support be+ remov$ f ! c5t] ( gravity4 ,! impetus once giv51 ! c5trifugal =ce increases ! rot>y motion to su* a degree1 z = an obs]v] to be unable to di/+ui% ! =m ( ! cry/al4 ,to produce ! effect4--,place ! cry/al on a piece ( plate or common w9d[ glass1 a *9a or glaz$ plate1 or any smoo? surface1 p]fectly clean1 z grease or a p>ticle ( du/ w\ld imp$e its motion4 ,wet ! surface1 & give ! plane a slight incl9ation1 :51 if prop]ly manag$1 a rotatory motion w comm5ce1 :i* may be kept up = any l5g? ( "t by giv+ alt]nate incl9ations to ! plane surface1 accord+ to ! movem5ts ( ! cry/al2 to height5 ! pleas+ effect ( :i*1 a v>iety ( pap] figures1 h>lequ9s1 waltz]s1 c41 may be atta*$4 ,! fir/ trial ( ! exp]im5t _h bett] be made by giv+ a slight rotatory motion to ! cry/al4 #cd4 ,,! ,,miracul\s ,,apple4 ,to divide an apple into sev]al p>ts1 )\t break+ ! r9d4 ,pass a ne$le & ?read "u ! r9d ( ! apple1 :i* is easily done by putt+ ! ne$le 9 aga9 at ! same hole x came out (2 & s pass+ on till y h gone r\nd ! apple4 ,!n take bo? ends ( ! ?read 9 y\r h&s & draw x out1 by :i* means ! apple w be divid$ into two p>ts4 ,9 ! same mann]1 y may divide x into z _m p>ts z y please1 & yet ! r9d w rema9 entire4 ,pres5t ! apple to any "o to peel1 & x w imm$iately fall to pieces4 #ce4 ,,an ,,omelet ,,cook$ ,,9 ,a ,,hat1 ,,ov] ,,! ,,flame ,,( ,a ,,c&le4 ,/ate t y are ab\t to cook an omelet2 !n y break f\r eggs 9 a hat1 place ! hat = a %ort "t ov] ! flame ( a c&le1 & %ortly aft] produce an omelet1 completely cook$1 & q hot4 ,"s p]sons w be cr$ul\s en\gh to believe t by ! help ( c]ta9 +r$i5ts y h be5 enabl$ to cook ! omelet )\t fire2 b ! secret ( ! trick is1 t ! omelet _h be5 previ\sly cook$ & plac$ 9 ! hat1 b c\ld n be se51 because ! op]ator1 :5 break+ ! eggs1 plac$ x too high = ! spectators to obs]ve ! cont5ts4 ,! eggs 7 empty ones1 ! cont5ts hav+ be5 previ\sly extract$1 by be+ suck$ ?r\gh a small ap]ture2 b to prev5t ! company f suspect+ ?is1 ! op]ator %\ld1 z if by accid5t1 let a full egg fall on ! table1 :i* break+1 induces a belief t ! o!rs are also full4 #cf4 ,,! ,,infallible ,,prophet4 ,9 ?is trick "o ( ?ree articles be+ tak5 by ea* ( ?ree p]sons1 y propose to tell ! article ea* p]son has tak54 ,we w suppose ! articles to be a r+1 dime or %ill+1 & a key4 ,! p]=m] mu/ 9 8 own m9d1 t]m ! r+ a1 ! %ill+ or dime e1 & key i3 7?is be+ ! alphabetical ord] ( ! v[els1 c be easily recollect$7 & he mu/ also m5tally di/+ui% ! p]sons z fir/1 second & ?ird4 ,!n tak+ tw5ty-f\r c\nt]s or c>ds1 he gives "o to ! fir/ p]son1 two to ! second & ?ree to ! ?ird2 & plac+ ! rema9d] ( ! c\nt]s on ! table1 he turns 8 back or leaves ! room1 tell+ ! p]sons ea* to take an article1 & t :oev] takes ! r+ is to take also z _m c\nt]s z he already has2 he :o takes ! %ill+1 twice z _m2 & he :o takes ! key1 f\r times z _m4 ,?is be+ done1 ! p]=m] advances1 & reckons ! rema9+ c\nt]s1 & accord+ to _! numb] & ! und]nea? l9e1 :i* he mu/ h previ\sly acquir$1 he tells :o has tak5 ea* ( ! diff]5t articles4 #a4 #b4 #c4 #e4 #f4 #g4 ,salve c]ta anim semita vita quies4 ,?us1 if !re _h be5 a rema9d] ( six c\nt]s1 ! position ( ! v[els 9 ! correspond+ ^w vita1 %[s t ! fir/ p]son took i1 ! key2 & ! second p]son took a1 ! r+2 &1 consequ5tly1 ! ?ird p]son mu/ h tak5 ! %ill+4 ,x mu/ be obs]v$1 t 9 no in/ance c !re be a rema9d] ( f\r c\nt]s2 & t ! fir/ syllable ( ea* ^w repres5ts ! fir/ p]son1 & ! second syllable ! second p]son4 ,?is +5i\s feat is f\nd$ on ! p]mutation ( ! ?ree articles1 or _! repres5tative v[els1 :i* c only be plac$ 9 six diff]5t positions1 & ! correspond+ num]ical arrangem5t ( ! c\nt]s1 ?us3 #a4 a e i salve4 #b4 e a i c]ta4 #c4 a i e anim4 #e4 e i a semita4 #f4 i a e vita4 #g4 i e a quies4 ,! ?ree v[els1 9 _! diff]5t positions1 are made easy ( recollection1 by be+ unit$ ) consonants & =m$ 9 _! regul> succession into ! above ,lat9 l9e1 or into ?is simil>ly con/ruct$ ,fr5* "o3 #a4 #b4 #c4 #e4 #f4 #g4 ,p> f] ,ces> jadis dev9t si gr& pr9ce4 #cg4 ,,philosophy ,,*eat$4 ,?is feat is really an excell5t "o1 & has a/oni%$ cr[ds ( spectators 9 diff]5t p>ts ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,x 0 "o ( ! favorites ( a late pr(essor1 by :om x 0 promulgat$4 ,be=e y p]=m x 9 public1 y mu/ practice x until y are q p]fect1 9 private1 = x w\ld be a pity to spoil its effect by mak+ a blund] 9 x4 ,beg9 by /at+ t y are ab\t p]=m+ :at y h no d\bt w be reg>d$ z a v extraord9>y maneuv]1 & y w leave ! company to decide ^u :at pr9ciple ( natural philosophy x is accompli%$4 ,! mode ( p]=mance is z foll[s3 ,lay ! piece ( wood across ! palm ( y\r left h&1 :i* keep wide op51 ) ! ?umb & all ! f+]s f> ap>t1 le/ y be suspect$ ( support+ ! wood ) !m4 ,next1 take y\r left wri/ 9 y\r "r h&1 & grasp x tightly1 = ! purpose1 z y /ate1 ( giv+ ! h& m /ead9ess4 ,n[1 sudd5ly turn ! back ( y\r left h& upp]mo/1 & z y\r wri/ moves 9 y\r "r h&1 /ret* out ! =ef+] ( y\r "r h&1 & z soon z ! wood comes und]mo/1 support x ) su* =ef+]4 ,y may n[ %ake ! h&1 &1 aft] a mom5t or two1 suff] ! wood to drop4 ,x is two to "o b ! spectators w suppose x to be produc$ by ! action ( ! air1 & try to d x !mselves2 b1 ( c\rse1 !y mu/1 unless y h p]=m$ ! feat s awkw>dly z to be discov]$1 fail 9 its p]=mance4 ,if y h no objection to reveal ! secret1 y c d x aga91 & :ile !y are gravely philosophiz+ ^u x1 sudd5ly lift up y\r h& 7vide ,cut71 & expose ! trick4 ,?is w1 d\btless1 create mu* amusem5t4 ,obs]ve t1 9 do+ ?is feat1 y mu/ keep y\r f+]s s l[ t no "o c see ! palm ( y\r left h&2 & move y\r f+] s c>efully1 t its action may n be detect$2 & if x be n1 y may re/ satisfi$ t its abs5ce f r\nd ! wri/ ( ! left h& w n be discov]$1 "s ( ! f+]s be+ naturally suppos$ to be "u ! coat2 s t1 if ! spectators only see two or ev5 "o1 !y w imag9e ! o!rs are b5ea? ! cuff4 ,:5 y h turn$ y\r h& ov]1 d n keep ! /ick too long upheld1 le/ ! spectators %\ld take hold ( y\r h&s1 & discov] ! trick2 be=e _! surprise is ov]1 remove y\r =ef+]1 & suff] ! /ick to fall4 ,illu/ration ,illu/ration #ch4 ,,! ,,disappe>+ ,,dime4 ,provide y\rself ) a piece ( ,india rubb] cord ab\t twelve in*es long1 & a dime ) a hole on ! edge2 atta* ! dime to ! cord ) a piece ( :ite sew+ silk1 & aft] hav+ done ?is1 sew ! cord to y\r coat sleeve l9+1 b be v c>eful & asc]ta9 t ! end ^u :i* ! dime is atta*$ does n ext5d l[] ?an )9 two in*es ( ! extreme end ( ! sleeve :5 ! coat is on4 ,x is bett] to h ! dime 9 ! left arm sleeve4 ,hav+ done ?is1 br+ d[n ! dime ) ! "r h&1 & place x betwe5 ! ?umb & index f+] ( ! left h&1 &1 %[+ x to ! company1 tell !m t y w give ! co9 to any "o pres5t :o w n let x slip away4 ,y mu/ !n select "o ( ! audi5ce to :om y pr(f] ! dime1 & j z he is ab\t to receive x y mu/ let x slip f betwe5 y\r f+]s1 & ! contraction ( ! ela/ic cord w make ! co9 disappe> up y\r sleeve1 mu* to ! a/oni%m5t ( ! p]son :o ?9ks he is ab\t to receive x4 ,?is feat c be v>i$ by pret5d+ to wrap ! co9 9 a piece ( pap]1 or a h&k]*ief4 ,great c>e %\ld be tak5 n to let any "p ( ! cord be se51 z ?is w\ld1 ( c\rse1 discov] ! trick4 ,?is is "o ( ! mo/ surpris+ feats ( leg]dema91 & its *ief beauty consi/s 9 its extreme simplicity4 ,! writ] has frequ5tly a/oni%$ a :ole room full ( company by ! p]=mance ( ?is trick4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,tricks ,,requir+ ,,special ,,app>atus4 ,i admit no tricks t are :olly manag$ by ! app>atus1 z ,i ?9k !y are unwor?y ( notice4 ,!re=e1 e trick m5tion$ 9 ! foll[+ pages mu/ be c>efully practic$ 9 private be=e x is produc$ 9 public4 ,! app>atus1 ( c\rse1 _c be inspect$ by ! audi5ce1 & = t reason x is bett] to mix !m ) ^? tricks t h be5 already m5tion$1 9 ord] t suspici\s p]sons may be quiet$ by an occasional p]mission to inspect ! objects us$ 9 ! p]=mances4 ,! "y conjuror %\ld always v>y ! mode ( p]=mance 9 ! non-ess5tials1 & %\ld /udy comb9ations ( "o trick ) ano!r1 by :i* means he w produce m a/oni%+ results ?an if he re/rict$ himself to ! me?ods m5tion$ 9 ?is "w4 ,he %\ld also inv>iably make a little spee*1 ackn[l$g+ t he is only deceiv+ ! eye & n ! m9d1 & %\ld !re=e reque/ ! company n to ask any que/ions1 or to dem& inspection ( any ( 8 app>atus4 #ci4 ,,! ,,die ,,trick4 ,get a wood5 die ab\t two in*es & a half squ>e 7#a71 & a holl[ t9 die exactly ! size ( ! wood5 "o1 b )\t "o ( ! sides 7#b74 ,!n pa9t !m bo? exactly alike1 z 9 ! engrav+4 ,x w be bett] to let an accid5tal flaw appe> on ! same side ( ea*4 ,!n get a t9 cov] 7#d7 t exactly fits ! dice4 ,n[ = ! trick itself4 ,illu/ration ,borr[ two hats1 & :ile y turn y\r back ^u ! audi5ce z y g to y\r table1 slip into "o ( !m ! false die4 ,place bo? hats on ! table1 & s5d r\nd ! real die & cov] = inspection4 ,:5 !y are return$1 say1 ,n[1 ladies & g5tlem51 x is my int5tion to place ^! hats "o above ano!r1 ?us4 ,y !n place ! two hats z 9 ,no4 #c1 ! holl[ die be+ 9 ! bottom hat4 ,i %all !n cov] ! die ?us1 :i* y d1 & aft] ,i h knock$ on ! cov]1 ,i %all take x (f1 & y w f9d t ! die is n "u ! cov]1 z x is n[1 tak+ x (f1 b inside ! hat1 l ?is4 ,y !n put ! real die into ! hat4 ,y d n believe me1 ladies & g5tlem51 b ,i w soon conv9ce y4 ,y !n take out ! false die1 & replac+ ! upp] hat1 put ! die on ! upp] hat 7( c\rse1 ) ! op5 side d[nw>d17 & place ! cov] ov] x4 ,pick up y\r conjur+ w&1 give x a few fl\ri%es1 & br+ x d[n on ! cov]4 ,grasp ! cov] tightly ne> ! bottom1 :5 bo? cov] & false die w come up toge!r2 put ! end ( y\r w& into !m1 & give !m a good rattle4 ,!n knock (f ! upp] hat ) a bl[ ( ! w&1 & pu% ! l[] "o (f ! table1 s t ! die tumbles out ( x4 ,always use pl5ty ( ge/ure ab\t y\r tricks4 #dj4 ,,! ,,p5etrative ,,c5ts4 ,get a brazi] to cut out all ! int]ior ( five c5ts1 only leav+ ! rims4 ,he mu/ !n bore out ne>ly all ! int]ior ( a six? c5t1 m]ely leav+ a %ell ( copp] at ! top4 ,a long rivet mu/ !n be let into ! rim1 z %[n 9 ,fig4 #a1 ,no4 #b1 & a hole mu/ be drill$ 9 ea* ( ! five r+s1 z 9 ,no4 #c4 ,! rivet is to be pass$ ?r\gh ! holes 9 ! r+s1 & fa/5$ bel[1 s t all ! r+s c play easily ^u x4 ,fig4 #a1 ,no4 #a1 is a section ( ! entire app>atus1 ! dott$ l9es repres5t+ ! rivet4 ,!y c !n be plac$ z %[n 9 ,fig4 #b1 ,no4 #a1 & no "o w imag9e t !y are only %ams1 z y c rattle !m or move !m ab\t ^u ea* o!r4 ,a lea!rn cov]1 ,fig4 #b1 ,no4 #b1 is !n made1 :i* passes easily ov] ! heap ( c5ts1 b be+ pliable1 is capable ( pick+ up ! holl[ c5ts ) x1 :5 x is held firmly4 ,to ! "u surface ( ! table y fa/5 a little %elf1 ,fig4 #b1 ,no4 #c1 :i* moves on a h+e1 & is let fall by plac+ ! foot on ! p$al1 ,fig4 #b1 ,no4 #d1 :i* draws ! cat*4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #a ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #b ,to p]=m ! trick1 place six real c5ts on ! little %elf1 & h ! %am c5ts on ! table4 ,take !m up & rattle !m1 & put !m d[n z 9 ,fig4 #b1 ,no4 #a4 ,keep a sixp5ce 9 ! palm ( y\r h&1 pick up ! %am c5ts1 & z y put !m d[n1 slip ! sixp5ce "u !m1 z y d ! ball 9 trick #f4 ,take ! cov]1 & put x ov] ! %am c5ts1 make a %ort spee*1 & knock ! cov] ) y\r w&1 at ! same "t press+ ! p$al ) y\r foot1 :i* w cause all ! six real c5ts to tumble d[n ) a great cra%4 ,take up ! cov] & false c5ts toge!r1 put ! end ( y\r w& into !m & hold !m up triumphantly1 %[+ ! spectators t ! six c5ts h be5 replac$ by a silv] sixp5ce4 ,:ile y are pick+ up ! c5ts1 slip ! %am ones out ( ! cov] into y\r left h&1 & take "s opportunity ( lett+ ! empty cov] roll t[>ds ! audi5ce1 "o ( :om y ask to pick x up & br+ x to y4 ,?is maneuv] g5]ally dis>ms all suspicion1 = ! pick]-up is sure to exam9e x v closely4 ,i h only giv5 m]e outl9es ( ?is really excell5t trick1 :i* may be v>i$ 9 a hundr$ ways1 & is capable ( comb9ation ) o!r tricks to a l>ge ext5t4 ,= ! p$al may be sub/itut$ a lev] runn+ imm$iately "u ! surface ( ! table1 if ! p]=m] pref]s to h a %ort clo? on x4 ,!re %\ld be always two clo?s on ! table2 ! l[] "o ?ick & s(t1 to prev5t j+l+ ( objects1 & ! upp] "o :ite1 z x displays ev]y?+ bett] ?an a color$ "o4 ,! +5uity ( ! "y conjuror w easily f9d me?ods ( v>y+ ?is trick4 ,see ,trick #fg1 page #dh4 #da4 ,,! ,,doll ,,trick4 ,get a comical look+ doll1 & cut (f 8 head diagonally1 tak+ c>e to d x v neatly4 ,drive a peg into ! neck1 & bore a hole 9 ! body1 into :i* ! peg fits1 z 9 ! cut4 ,pa9t 8 body & head c>efully1 & if y put a gold *a9 or two r\nd 8 neck1 x w conceal ! l9e ( junction4 ,make also a coat ( silk1 & sew a pocket inside ! edge ( ! skirt4 ,illu/ration ,take up ! doll1 & say1 ,n[1 ladies & g5tlem51 "h is a v le>n$ man4 ,obs]ve ! developm5t ( 8 =ehead1 ! sagacity ( 8 nose1 ! eloqu5ce ( 8 lips1 ! dignity ( 8 spectacles1 & ! philosophy ( 8 pigtail4 ,he is pr(essor ( a/ronomy at ,timbuctoo1 & "h is 8 g[n ( (fice4 ,see h[ h&some he looks 9 x4 ,he is go+ to ,am/]dam to see ! eclipse ( ! la/ new comet4 ,he has ! honor to wi% y all f>ewell be=e />t+ on 8 j\rney4 ,n[1 pr(essor1 we are wait+ to see y g4 ,oh6 y want funds1 d y8 ,i beg y\r p>don2 "h is a qu>t] = y4 ,s say+1 y take y\r "r h& f "u ! g[n1 tak+ ) x ! body1 & put ! body into y\r pocket1 :ile y j+le "s silv]4 ,! head is n[ support$ by y\r left h&4 ,pret5d to give him "s money1 & !n say1 ,:at6 y won't g unless y h m6 ,get along6 ,hit ! head a h>d rap ) y\r "r h&1 :i* drives x into ! pocket1 :i* y hold op5 = x ) y\r left ?umb & little f+]4 ,o de>6 ! doctor is dead1 & _c be f\nd4 ,say+ ?is1 y grasp ! g[n by ! place :]e ! head is1 & %ake x ab\t to %[ t x is empty4 ,if y l y c make ano!r oration & hold a dialogue1 mak+ ! doctor resuscitate himself1 :i* is ( c\rse done by tak+ ! head out ( ! pocket ) ! left h&1 & work+ x ab\t by ! peg4 #db4 ,,! ,,fly+ ,,co9s4 ,take two eagles1 or r brass imitations1 & gr9d !m d[n until !y are r$uc$ to half _! ?ickness4 ,d ! same ) two qu>t] doll>s1 & fa/5 !m accurately toge!r1 s t y w h two co9s1 ea* hav+ "o silv] face1 & "o brass face4 ,take "o ( !m 9 ea* h&1 %[+ ! silv] side ( "o & ! brass side ( ano!r1 & (f] to *ange !m )\t mov+ y\r arms4 ,%ut y\r h&s & ! co9s w turn ov]4 ,!n1 on op5+ !m aga91 !y w appe> to h *ang$ f "o h& into ! o!r4 #dc4 ,,! ,,vani%$ ,,half-,,dime4 ,put a little wax on ! nail ( ! middle f+] ( ! "r h&1 & take a half-dime into ! palm ( ! same h&4 ,close ! h&1 press+ ! wax on ! co94 ,!n rapidly op5 x1 & ! silv] piece w adh]e to ! wax1 & be q conceal$ beh9d ! f+] :5 y hold y\r h& up4 #dd4 ,,! ,,re/or$ ,,docum5t4 ,make a memor&um book1 & l9e ! cov] ) pap] :i* has be5 previ\sly rubb$ ) a mixture ( lamp-black & oil4 ,! pap] mu/ be loosely affix$1 s t x c be rais$ up1 & a leaf f ! memor&um book plac$ "u x4 ,y mu/ also make a flat box1 hav+ a d\ble op5+4 ,y n[ take a leaf out ( ! memor&um book1 & ask "s "o to write a s5t5ce1 at ! same "t (f]+ him ! book to write ^u4 ,! p5cil ) :i* y furni% him is v h>d1 & he is =c$ to press ^u ! pap] 9 ord] to m>k4 ,9 s do+1 ! black is transf]r$ by ! pressure ( ! p5cil f ! black5$ pap] to ! :ite leaf t has be5 plac$ "u x1 & ( c\rse makes an exact copy ( ! writ+4 ,y !n give ! man 8 docum5t1 put ! memor&um book 9 y\r pocket1 & g out ( ! room to fet* y\r box1 :i* y h =gott54 ,:ile y are out ( ! room1 y take out ! leaf f "u ! black pap]1 & put x into "o side ( ! flat box1 & %ut d[n ! cov] t hides x4 ,y br+ 9 ! box1 apologis+ = y\r abs5ce1 & give ! box1 op5 at ! o!r side1 into ! writ]'s h&s4 ,tell him to burn 8 writ+ 9 a c&le1 & to place ! a%es 9 ! box4 ,he does s1 & clos+ ! box1 returns x to y4 ,y !n fl\ri% ab\t a little ) ! box1 wave x 9 ! air1 br+ x d[n ) a bang on ! table1 /rike x ) y\r w&1 & !n1 op5+ x z at fir/1 y produce ! duplicate leaf1 :i* ! writ] ackn[l$ges to be 9 8 own h&-writ+4 ,if ! lamp-black %\ld h come (f & sme>$ ! pap]1 y c acc\nt = x by obs]v+ t x is v difficult to get rid ( all traces ( ! burn+4 #de4 ,,! ,,magic ,,r+s4 ,get a blacksmi? to make a numb] ( r+s1 ab\t six or sev5 in*es 9 diamet]1 z 9 ! cut4 ,a is made ) a spr+ op5+ on "o side1 ,b is a set ( two r+s =g$ p]man5tly )9 ea* o!r1 ,c is a set ( ?ree r+s =m$ 9 ! same mann]1 & ,d ,d are two simple r+s4 ,! r+s %\ld be ab\t ! ?ickness ( a r l>ge black-lead p5cil4 ,illu/ration ,lay ! r+s on "o ano!r1 & !y w all appe> to be sep>ate & di/9ct3 ,d ,d %\ld be ! upp]mo/ r+s1 !n ,b1 !n ,a1 & !n ,c4 ,h& r\nd ,d = inspection & if any m are desir$1 h& r\nd ! o!r ,d4 ,:5 return$1 hang !m ov] y\r left arm1 or grasp !m 9 y\r h&1 & tell ! company t y are go+ to weave all ! r+s toge!r4 ,y cla% !m toge!r1 & aft] go+ ?r\gh "s complicat$ movem5ts1 br+ out ,b1 :i* ! spectators w ?9k y h j fa/5$ toge!r4 ,h& !m r\nd4 ,:5 !y are return$ mix !m all up1 & br+ out ,c4 ,!n take ,a 9 y\r h&1 & pass+ "o ( ! out] r+s ( ,c ?r\gh ! op5+1 y h f\r r+s toge!r4 ,!n add ,d & y h five4 ,take (f ,d & sub/itute ,b :i* w give y six4 ,s y g on weav+ !m into all k9ds ( fanta/ic %apes4 ,y mu/ always conceal ! jo9t 9 ,a ) y\r ?umb1 & contrive z (t5 z y c to h "o at lea/ ( ! r+s ,d at lib]ty ,?is is a capital trick1 & may be div]sifi$ to any ext5t1 especially if ! numb] ( r+s is increas$4 #df4 ,,! ,,fi% ,,& ,,ink ,,trick4 ,?is is really a fir/-rate delusion4 ,y br+ be=e ! spectators a glass vase1 full ( ink4 ,y dip a ladle into x1 & p\r out "s ( ! ink ^u a plate1 9 ord] to conv9ce ! audi5ce t ! sub/ance 9 ! vase is really ink4 ,y !n ?r[ a h&k]*ief ov] ! vase & in/antly )draw x1 :5 ! vase is f\nd to be fill$ ) pure wat]1 9 :i* a c\ple ( gold fi% are swimm+4 ,?is app>5t impossibility is p]=m$ z foll[s4 ,to ! int]ior ( ! vessel is fitt$ a black silk l9+1 :i* adh]es closely to ! sides :5 press$ by ! wat]1 & :i* is )drawn inside ! h&k]*ief dur+ ! p]=mance ( ! trick4 ,! ladle has a holl[ h&le ) an op5+ into ! b[l4 ,9 ! h&le is a spoonful or s ( ink1 :i* runs into ! b[l :5 x is held d[nw>d1 dur+ ! act ( dipp+ x into ! vase4 #dg4 ,,! ,,cannon ,,balls4 ,! p]=m] ( ?is trick borr[s a numb] ( hats1 & places !m on ! table4 ,he !n returns ea* p]son 8 hat1 & on turn+ x ov]1 a ?irty-two p\nd] cannon ball rolls out4 ,illu/ration ,! me?od ( p]=m+ ?is delusion is z foll[s4 ,get a turn] to make a numb] ( wood5 balls1 ea* ! size ( a ?irty-two p\nd] cannon ball1 & let a hole be bor$ 9 ea* :i* w admit ! middle f+]4 ,! balls are arrang$ hole upw>ds on a %elf on y\r table on ! side opposite to y\r audi5ce1 s t ! balls are ne>ly level ) ! top ( ! table4 ,:5 y take a hat (f ! table1 y slip y\r =e or middle f+] into ! ball j z y w\ld into a ?imble1 & by b5d+ ! f+]1 br+ ! ball into ! hat4 ,any object may be br\ght into a hat 9 ?is mann]1 a great cabbage1 = in/ance1 hav+ a hole cut 9 ! /alk4 #dh4 ,,! ,,dime ,,9 ,,! ,,ball ,,( ,,cotton4 ,get a t9man to make a flat t9 tube1 :i* w j all[ a dime to pass ?r\gh x4 ,w9d a quantity ( wor/$ r\nd x1 s z to make x into a ball4 ,^! prelim9>ies hav+ be5 accompli%$1 p]=m any trick t w get a dime out ( sight1 su* z numb] #a or #b4 ,!n tell ! spectators t y w br+ ! m>k$ dime into ! middle ( a ball ( wor/$4 ,take d[n ! ball f ! place :]e x is ly+1 drop ! dime into ! tube1 & )draw ! tube1 leav+ ! dime 9 ! ball4 ,a good squeeze or two w hold x tight1 & oblit]ate e m>k ( ! tube4 ,place ! ball 9 a tumbl]1 take ! end ( ! wor/$1 & give x to "s "o to unw9d4 ,?is be+ done1 ! dime w be f\nd 9 ! v c5t] ( ! ball1 ) ! end ( ! wor/$ wrapp$ tightly r\nd x4 #di4 ,,! ,,egg ,,& ,,bag ,,trick4 ,get a *9tz or clo? bag made d\ble1#a & betwe5 ! two bags make six or sev5 pockets1 ea* ( :i* w hold an egg1 & h an op5+ into ! bag4 ,fill ! pockets ) eggs1 & y are ready = ! p]=mance4 ,hold ! bag by ! place :]e ! eggs are1 %ake x1 turn x inside out1 & %[ t !re is no?+ 9 x4 ,!n tell ! spectators1 t y are sure !re is a h5 9 ! bag4 ,put y\r head ne> ! m\? ( ! bag1 & make a cluck+ l a h54 ,y !n say ,i knew ,i 0 "r1 & %e has laid an egg4 ,s say+1 y put y\r h& into ! bag & take out "o ( ! eggs1 tak+ c>e to pret5d to grope 9 "o ( ! corn]s = x4 ,?is is repeat$ until all ! eggs b "o are gone4 ,y !n1 aft] tak+ out ! la/ egg1 say t "s p ?9k ! eggs are n real1 b y w conv9ce !m by ocul> inspection4 ,say+ ?is1 y break ! egg 9 a sauc] ) y\r "r h&1 & :ile ! p are occupi$ ) x1 y drop ! bag beh9d y\r table1 or hang x on a hook out ( sight1 & take up ano!r exactly l x1 into :i* y h put a h54 ,^! are real eggs1 y !n say1 & if any "o d\bts _! reality1 !y _c d\bt t ?is is a real h54 ,y !n turn ! bag upside d[n1 & %ake out ! h54 ,if any "o wi%es to inspect t bag1 he c d s )\t be+ mu* wis] = x4 #ej4 ,,! ,,danc+ ,,egg4 ,s5d = "s eggs1 & take c>e to place among !m "o :i* has be5 empti$ ( its cont5ts1 & to :i* is fa/5$ a long hair1 at ! o!r end ( :i* is ti$ a crook$ p94 ,borr[ a small /ick f "o ( ! spectators1 & z y g beh9d y\r table contrive to hook ! b5t p9 into y\r coat1 pass+ x ov] ! /ick4 ,!n place ! egg on an inv]t$ hat1 & ask = "s music1 & directly x beg9s to s\nd1 a slight & imp]ceptible depression or elevation ( ! /ick w cause ! egg to twi/ & roll ab\t ^u x z if x _h life4 ,y mu/ be c>eful to turn g5tly r\nd n[ & !n1 s z app>5tly to v>y ! di/ance ( ! egg f ! body4 #ea4 ,,bell ,,& ,,%ot4 ,get a wood5 bell made1 s ?ick t !re is a consid]able space betwe5 ! out] & inn] surfaces1 especially on ! upp] "p ( ! bell4 ,a holl[ mu/ be cut 9 ?is1 & ! h&le s made1 t :5 x is at re/1 x is =c$ upw>ds by a spr+1 & draws up ! r\nd piece ( wood to :i* ! clapp] *a9 is atta*$1 & closes ! ap]ture1 z %[n 9 ! engrav+4 ,illu/ration ,y h a c>dbo>d measure1 :i* is ( precisely ! same capacity z ! cavity 9 ! bell1 & j wide en\gh to hold a c5t4 ,into ?is y privately put a c5t1 & !n fill up ! measure ) %ot1 heap+ x a little1 to comp5sate = ! c5t4 ,y make up a tale ab\t a man go+ out %oot+1 & r++ ! bell ( ! gunmak]'s %op4 7,y !n r+ y\r wood5 bell47 ,h[ ! man b\ght a measure full ( %ot = a c5t1 7y p\r ! %ot into ! bell & back aga9 two or ?ree times17 b 0 s long haggl+ ov] ?ree %ots1 t ! gunmak] took away ! %ot1 7"h y aga9 p\r ! %ot into ! bell1 & by press+ on ! h&le1 all[ !m all to run into ! holl[17 & kept ! c5t = 8 tr\ble4 ,! man w5t out ( ! %op1 b soon came 9 aga91 & rang furi\sly4 7,"h y aga9 r+ ! bell :i* is n[ app>5tly empty1 & inv]t ! measure on ! table4 ,! c5t n be+ held by ! f+] & ?umb1 w n[ fall on ! tableclo?47 ,!n f9i% ! /ory ) an acc\nt ( ! mann] 9 :i* ! man got back 8 c5t4 ,:5 y h f9i%$1 inv]t ! bell ov] ! empty measure1 & on press+ ! h&le1 ! %ots w refill x4 ,d n t\* x until y h done ano!r trick or two1 & !n1 :5 y put ! bell aside1 r+ x aga91 & rem>k t ! pur*as] 0 a silly fell[ (t] all1 = "h are 8 %ots 9 8 measure4 #eb4 ,,! ,,burn$ ,,h&k]*ief ,,re/or$4 ,get a t9man to make a d\ble cani/]1 su* z is %[n 9 ! cut1 ) an op5+ at ea* end4 ,?is mu/ s slide )9 a t9 tube1 t ei!r end c be conceal$ )9 x alt]nately1 z se5 9 ! engrav+1 :]e ! end ,a is %[n1 & ,b is conceal$4 ,9 ?is position x looks l an ord9>y cani/]4 ,! int]ior is divid$ into two p>ts4 ,into ,b put a piece ( cambric made to look l a h&k]*ief4 ,illu/ration ,borr[ a cambric h&k]*ief1 & say1 ,n[ ladies & g5tlem51 ,i %all burn ?is h&k]*ief to a%es1 place !m 9 ?is cani/]1 7s say+ y put x into ,a17 & :5 ,i h utt]$ a spell1 x w be re/or$ p]fectly :ole4 ,w ! own] say :at m>k x has8 ,:ile ! audi5ce are look+ t[>ds ! own]1 y turn ! cani/] ov]1 & pu% up ! cani/] until ! %\ld] ( ,b is on a level ) ! top ( ! tube4 ,:5 ! m>k has be5 decl>$1 y op5 ,b1 take out ! cambric1 & pret5d to v]ify ! m>k4 ,y !n put x into a c&le flame1 & :5 x has burn$ entirely to a%es1 put ! a%es into ,b1 %ut x up1 & rapidly rev]se x z y turn r\nd to y\r audi5ce1 s t ,a is upp]mo/ aga94 ,!n utt] any nons5se y l1 op5 ,a1 & take out ! h&k]*ief un9jur$4 ,x r adds to ! trick if y drop a little eau de cologne into ,a be=e comm5c+4 #ec4 ,,! ,,fire ,,eat]4 ,if ! "y conjuror is desir\s ( appe>+ 9 ! "* ( a fire-eat]1 x is v easily manag$4 ,he mu/ prep>e a piece ( ?ick /r+1 by soak+ x 9 a solution ( nit]1 & !n dry+ x4 ,he cuts (f a piece ab\t an in* 9 l5g?1 lights "o end1 & wraps x up 9 a piece ( t[ :i* he holds 9 8 left h&4 ,! trifl+ smoke w be conceal$ by a huge bundle ( loose t[ also c>ri$ 9 ! left h&4 ,he takes a h&ful ( t[ 9 8 "r h&1 puts x into 8 m\?1 *ews x up1 & appe>s to swall[ x4 ,he !n takes ano!r h&ful1 & ) x ! piece 9 :i* is ! /r+4 ,z he puts ?is into 8 m\?1 he takes out ! piece :i* he has already *ew$4 ,by tak+ brea? ?r\gh ! no/rils1 & brea?+ x out ?r\gh ! m\?1 smoke beg9s to issue =?1 & ! :ole int]ior ( ! m\? is soon light$ up ) a gl[4 ,:5 ! m\? is %ut1 & ! t[ press$ toge!r1 ! fire goes out1 except ! piece ( prep>$ /r+4 ,m t[ is !n tak5 into ! m\?1 & treat$ 9 ! same mann]4 #fd4 ,,! ,,egg-,,box4 ,illu/ration ,a1 ! egg-box2 ,b1 ! upp] %ell2 ,c1 ! inn] %ell1 cov]$ ov] ) ! %ell ( an egg2 ,d1 ! l[] "p ( ! box4 ,to d ! trick1 call = an egg1 !n bid all ! by-/&]s look at x1 & see t x is a real egg1 set ! box on ! table1 take (f ! upp] "p1 ) y\r =e f+] & ?umb1 !n plac+ ! egg 9 ! box1 say1 ,y see x fairly 91 & uncov]+ x aga91 likewise say1 ,y %all see me take x out1 & put x 9 my pocket 9 y\r sight2 op5 y\r box aga9 & say1 ,!re is no?+1 close y\r h& ab\t ! middle ( y\r box1 & tak+ ,b by ! bottom1 say1 ,!re is ! egg aga91 :i* x appe>s to ! spectators to be1 s clapp+ t 9 aga91 & tak+ ! lid ( ,c 9 y\r f+] & ?umb1 say1 ,!re x is gone aga94 #ee4 ,,! ,,globe-,,box4 ,?is trick is n inf]ior to ! be/ t is %[n ) boxes4 ,x is done ) a box made ( f\r pieces1 & a ball z big z may be conv5i5tly conta9$ !re92 ! ball s]ves z ! egg does 9 ! egg-box1 to deceive ! h& & eyes ( spectators4 ,?is ball1 made ( wood or ivory1 is ?r[n out ( ! box ^u ! table1 = e "o to see t x is sub/antial2 !n put ! ball into ! box1 :i* close up ) all ! pieces "o )9 ano!r2 remove ! upp] %ell ) y\r =e f+] & ?umb1 & !re w appe> ano!r ( a diff]5t color1 r$1 blue1 yell[1 or any o!r color y may fancy2 ?is w seem to be ano!r ball1 ?\gh1 9 fact1 x is no m ?an a %ell ( wood1 +5i\sly turn$ & fitt$ to ! box1 z y may p]ceive by ! cuts4 ,l is ! out] %ell ( ! globe1 tak5 (f ! figure ,m1 ! top ( :i* repres5ts ! ball2 ,n is an inn] %ell2 ,o1 ! cov] ( ! same2 ,p ano!r inn] %ell2 ,q1 ! cov] ( ! same2 ,r1 a ?ird %ell2 ,s1 t :i* cov]s x4 ,^! globes may be made ) m or less v>ieties1 accord+ to ! desire ( ! practition]4 ,illu/ration #ef4 ,,! ,,c(fee ,,& ,,h&k]*ief ,,tricks4 ,"o ( ! greate/ means ( wond]-work+ is t ( +5i\s contrivance4 ,we w illu/rate ?is by two popul> feats4 ,a numb] ( h&k]*iefs tak5 f ! audi5ce by m ?an "o popul> p]=m]1 7 plac$ 9 a small wa%+ tub1 into :i* wat] 0 p\r$1 & !y 7 wa%$ = a few m9utes4 ,!y 7 !n plac$ 9 a vessel l ! figure 7997 on ! next page1 & imm$iately aft]w>ds ! p]=m] said to ! p]sons 9 front3 ,i w give y ^!2 & tak+ (f ! top1 :5 he 0 expect$ to ?r[ out ! wet h&k]*iefs1 all t fell 0 a numb] ( fl[]s4 ,he n[ br\ght out a box1 :i* he op5$1 & %[$ x to be empty2 !n %utt+ x1 & utt]+ a few cabali/ic words1 he op5$ x aga91 & !re 7 ! h&k]*iefs1 all dry1 fold$1 & sc5t$1 :i* he di/ribut$ to _! respective claimants4 ,ano!r exp]im5t ( a popul> p]=m] 0 call$ c(fee = ! million4 ,produc+ a vessel l ! diagram ,a1 ! p]=m] fill$ x ) ungr\nd c(fee1 & plac+ x "u a cov] ,b1 he said1 ,!re1 :5 y h done t1 let x simm] = ?ree qu>t]s ( an h\r2 b1 p]haps1 y w n l to wait s long2 "h !n x is2 & on remov+ ! cov]1 ! vessel appe>$ full ( hot liquid c(fee4 ,9 ano!r vessel ( ! same k9d he obta9$ lump-sug> f rape-se$2 & 9 a ?ird1 w>m milk f horse-beans2 & p\r+ out ! c(fee into cups1 s5t !m r\nd to regale 8 auditory1 amid/ _! l\d & approv+ %\ts at s great a trans=mation4 ,illu/ration ,illu/ration ,^! feats are ! result ( consid]able +5uity4 ,x is probable t ! devices employ$ w\ld n readily occur to spectators 9 g5]al1 :ile !y w\ld utt]ly escape ^? ^: object is m]ely amusem5t1 & :o1 if !y ?\ght at all1 w\ld be likely to describe ! result z sup]natural4 ,we proce$1 !n1 to ! unravel+ ( ! my/]y4 ,let x be obs]v$1 9 ref]5ce to ! fir/ exp]im5t1 t a numb] ( h&k]*iefs are collect$ 9 ! e>ly "p ( ! ev5+ = v>i\s illusions1 & t _m ( !m appe> = a "t on ! p]=m]'s table4 ,provid$ ) a collection ( ^! articles1 f ! h&some silk h&k]*ief to "o trimm$ ) lace1 us$ by a fa%ionable lady1 he c\ld easily sub/itute 8 own ( ! same k9d = ^? ( 8 auditory1 z ! curta9 falls1 accord+ to ! arrangem5ts ( ! ev5+1 betwe5 ! collection ( ! h&k]*iefs & ! subsequ5t processes4 ,8 own h&k]*iefs1 !re=e1 are wa%$ & plac$ 9 ! vase already describ$2 & ! s-call$ *ange into fl[]s is no?+ m ?an ! ret5tion ( ! h&k]*iefs 9 ! l[] "p ( ! app>atus1 :i* ! figure illu/rates1 :ile ! upp] "p holds ! fl[]s till !y are scatt]$ among ! spectators4 ,mean:ile1 all t is requir$ is done to _! h&k]*iefs4 ,x is n absolutely necess>y t !y %\ld be wa%$2 = fold+1 press+1 & a little eau-de-,cologne1 w\ld complete ! prep>ation2 b grant+ t !y are wa%$1 !re is /ill no difficulty1 ?\gh ?is my/ifies ! spectators1 :o h ! idea t dry+ is a long affair2 = x may be effect$ 9 a m9ute or two by a ma*9e t is readily obta9$4 ,! box br\ght out has !m deposit$ 9 x1 b z x is d\ble1 "o int]ior is fir/ %[n1 :i*1 ( c\rse1 conta9s no?+1 = ! inn] draw] hold+ ! h&k]*iefs rema9s 9 ! case2 b :5 a few s\nds are utt]$1 & ! pr(essor t\*es a secret spr+ beh9d1 :i* dis5gages ! inn] box1 he draws x out ) ! out] "o1 & pres5ts ! h&k]*iefs to ! audi5ce4 ,9 ! diagram ,a1 ! box is %[n z empty4 ,at ,b1 we h a repres5tation ( ! box conta9+ ! h&k]*iefs4 ,x is only necess>y to add t ! box is v nicely made2 ! "p )9 ! o!r drawn out to ! end1 defies detection4 ,see ,trick ,no4 #fe4 ,! prep>ation ( c(fee1 milk1 & sug>1 may be easily expla9$2 = if ! vessels conta9+ respectively ! ungr\nd c(fee1 ! rape-se$1 & ! horse-beans1 always plac$ "u a cov]1 be put on a "p ( ! table hav+ a circul> trap-door--& = ?is !re is full provision 9 ! cov] ( ! table ext5d+ to ! floor--a conf$]ate may readily sub/itute "o = ! o!r4 ,illu/ration ,illu/ration #eg4 ,,! ,,magic ,,funnel4 ,?is favorite & simple trick is c>ri$ out by ! assi/ance ( a d\ble funnel1 t is to say1 "o funnel sold]$ into ! o!r s z to leave a space betwe5 !m = wat]1 & communicat+ ) ! holl[ ( ! funnel by a hole 9 ! tube4 ,our draw+ w assi/ ! explanation4 ,illu/ration3 ,s ,s1 space = wat] betwe5 ! funnels1 :i* is fill$ by /opp+ end ( tube ,t ) ! f+]3 ! wat] fl[s 9 & out at ,k4 ,n1 a p9-hole at ! top1 :i* is cov]$ ) ! f+]4 ,:5 ! funnel is prep>$ = use1 e "t ! f+] is )drawn wat] fl[s out f tube ,t4 ,! funnel is always prep>$ be=e ! audi5ce by p\r+ 9 wat]1 occasionally /opp+ ! end ( ! pipe ,t ) ! f+]1 s t ! inn] space may be fill$2 :il/ ?is is be+ effect$ ! conjuror mu/ fill up ! "t ) a philosophical disquisition on funnels1 all end+1 h[ev]1 9 ! fact1 t if !re is a hole 9 a vessel ! wat] w fl[ out4 ,"o ( ! audi5ce is n[ reque/$ to /ep up to ! table1 & y proce$ to draw wat] f 8 hair1 e>s1 eyes1 c41 z e "t ! f+] is )drawn f ! hole ,n ! pressure ( ! air is admitt$1 & ! wat] fl[s out4 #eh4 ,,! ,,magic ,,bottle4 ,?is trick1 if well manag$1 is "o ( ! mo/ wond]ful t c be p]=m$ 9 a draw+-room )\t app>atus2 b x requires dext]ity at ! conclusion4 ,! p]son p]=m+ ! trick (f]s to p\r f a common w9e bottle1 port w9e1 %]ry1 milk1 & *ampagne 9 succession1 & 9 any ord]4 ,to accompli% ! trick1 y mu/ make solutions ( ! foll[+ *emicals1 & label ! bottles ) numb]s1 ?us3 #a4 ,a saturat$ solution ( ! sulphocyanate ( pota%4 #b4 ,a dilut$ solution ( ! above--"o "p ( ! solution to f\r ( wat]4 #c4 ,a saturat$ solution ( nitrate ( lead4 #d4 ,a saturat$ solution ( p]*loride ( iron4 #e4 ,a saturat$ solution ( bic>bonate ( pota%4 #f4 ,sulphuric acid4 #g4 ,a cle> solution ( gum-arabic4 ,procure a *ampagne bottle1 & wa% x out well1 !n p\r ?ree teaspoonfuls ( ,no4 #d into x4 ,z ! quantity is v small1 x w n be obs]v$1 especially if y are quick 9 y\r movem5ts4 ,p\r "s di/ill$ or ra9 wat] into a common wat]-bottle or jug1 & add a tablespoonful ( ,no4 #g to x2 !n set x aside ready = use4 ,provide "s w9e glasses ( f\r diff]5t patt]ns1 & into "o patt]n p\r ! solution m>k$ ,no4 #a1 into ano!r t m>k$ ,no4 #b1 & s on = ,nos4 #c & #e4 ,return ! solutions to _! respective bottles1 & arrange ! glasses on a small tray1 rememb]+ ! solutions t 7 p\r$ into ea* patt]n4 ,ev]y?+ be+ ready1 take ! *ampagne bottle t y h prep>$1 f two or ?ree o!rs1 & hold+ x up to %[ ! company t x is cle> & empty1 y mu/ desire "s p]son to h& y ! wat] bottle or jug1 & !n fill up ! bottle ) ! wat]4 ,p\r "s ( ! cont5ts ( ! bottle into an unprep>$ glass1 9 ord] to %[ t x is wat]2 !n say1 *ange to *ampagne1 & p\r ! liquid f ! bottle into "o ( ! glasses r9s$ ) ,no4 #e2 !n p\r into a glass r9s$ ) ,no4 #a1 & x w *ange to port w9e2 b if p\r$ into ,no4 #c1 x w *ange to milk1 & if into ,no4 #b1 x w produce %]ry4 ,be c>eful 9 p\r+ ! fluid f ! bottle1 n to hold x high above ! glasses1 b to keep ! m\? ( x close to ! edges ( ! glasses1 o!rwise p]sons w obs]ve t x und]goes *ange ( color aft] x is p\r$ into ! w9e glasses1 & on ?is acc\nt ! glasses %\ld be held r high4 ,z ! solutions us$ 9 ! above trick are delet]i\s1 !y mu/ n be left ab\t 9 ! way ( *ildr51 & ( c\rse ! fluid 9 ! w9e glasses mu/ n ev5 be ta/$2 b if any ( ! company wi% to dr9k ! w9es y h made1 !n ! tray mu/ be adroitly ex*ang$ = ano!r ) ! prop] w9es plac$ on x4 ,?is is an excell5t p>lor trick if well manag$1 & is n difficult to compreh5d4 #ei4 ,,! ,,bottle ,,trick4 ,! *emical me?od ( p]=m+ ?is delusion has be5 already expla9$1 ! me*anical "o w be easily und]/ood f ! ,magic ,funnel ,trick4 ,x is usually c>ri$ out ) a bottle1 ! body ( :i* is con/ruct$ ( t91 ! neck ( glass2 ! body is divid$ into sundry comp>tm5ts1 ?ree ( :i* are suffici5t1 ) a c5t] "o1 = ord9>y use3 by cutt+ ! bottle 9 two1 ! arrangem5t w be und]/ood z %[n b5ea?4 ,illu/ration3 ,o1 c5t] ( bottle1 f :i* milk may be p\r$4 #a1 #b1 #c1 comp>tm5ts hold+ port1 %]ry1 & alcohol4 ,x mu/ be und]/ood t little tubes f ea* comp>tm5t t]m9ate 9 ! neck1 & !y are fill$ ) _! respective liquids by ! pe>-%ap$ vessel already expla9$4 ,ea* comp>tm5t is p]=at$ ) a little hole at ! top1 s t :5 ! f+]s are plac$ ov] !m 7z on ! holes ( a flute7 ! liquid _c run out on inv]t+ ! bottle4 ,on %[+ ! trick1 ! p]=m] alludes to 8 wond]ful bottle full ( ! milk ( human k9dness1 :i* he p\rs out c>efully f ! c5t] comp>tm5t1 keep+ ! ?ree holes tight ) 8 f+]s1 ! c5t] be+ fill$ & empti$ 9 ! ord9>y mann]2 aft] p\r+ out & h&+ r\nd a few glasses ( milk1 he may p\r ! re/ into a jug1 9 ! bottom ( :i* "s milk has be5 already plac$1 s t ! company may believe ! bottle 0 orig9ally fill$ ) x2 he may n[ wa% out ! bottle 7t is to say1 ! c5t] comp>tm5t71 /ill keep+ 8 f+]s ov] ! holes1 & = ! sake ( a little my/ification put ! bottle upright "u a hat1 comm&+ ! bottle to *ange its temp]ance habits4 ,he may n[ ask ! company to call = port1 %]ry1 g91 br&y1 noyeau1 c4 ,! %]ry & port are p\r$ f _! comp>tm5ts1 ! _s supplies ! o!rs1 z a numb] ( w9e-glasses c be prep>$ ) drops ( burnt sug> = br&y1 syrup & junip] = g94 ,a small drop ( oil ( almonds or o!r flavor+ mat]ials may be us$ = ! diff]5t liquors4 ,a ?ick w9e-glass mu/ be employ$1 hold+ a v small quantity ( fluid4 ,a magic c(fee-pot may be arrang$ 9 a simil> mann]1 ) ?ree comp>tm5ts to hold hot tea1 c(fee1 & pun*2 ! middle comp>tm5t may hold ! tea & c(fee b]ries1 into :i* ! assi/ant may p\r by mi/ake ! cont5ts ( ! bottle label$ ,ink4 ,! p]=m]1 aft] scrat*+ 8 head1 z if 9 deep ?\ght1 w take a lump ( :it+ & p[d] up1 plac+ x 9 ! c5t] comp>tm5t1 :i* c be fa/5$ up ) a cork or prop] lid4 ,!n1 if ! holes f ! comp>tm5ts t]m9ate 9 ! h&le & ! pipes 9 ! sp\t1 :5 ! f+]s are remov$ ! ?ree liquids p\r out sep>ately1 z 9 ! ,bottle ,trick4 ,?is mode ( %[+ ! trick is good1 because1 h[ev] l>ge y\r audi5ce1 y c provide ev]ybody ) some?+ to dr9k1 & x is display$ ) great effect by ,signor ,blitz1 & ,wyman4 #fj4 ,,! ,,magic ,,qu>t]4 ,procure a small r\nd box1 ab\t "o in* deep1 to :i* fit accurately a qu>t] or c5t3 l9e ! box ) any d>k pap] 7crimson1 = in/ance71 & pa/e "s ( x on "o side ( ! co91 s t :5 x lies 9 ! l[] "p ( ! box x %all appe> l ! real box4 ,?is qu>t] or c5t is conceal$ 9 ! h&1 & be=e p]=m+ ! trick1 x w height5 ! effect if a numb] ( s+le qu>t]s or c5ts are hidd5 ab\t ! room1 9 places kn[n to y\rself4 ,hav+ borr[$ a co91 y dext]\sly place ?is on "o side1 & sub/itute ! prep>$ "o2 & putt+ x gravely into ! box1 ask all to be sure !y h se5 x ent]3 :5 ! lid is on1 %ake up & d[n--! noise betrays ! metal2 n[ comm& x to disappe>1 & %ake lat]ally f side to side2 z ! qu>t] is made to fit accurately1 no noise is app>5t--! co9 seems to be gone2 9 pro( ( :i* y op5 ! box1 & display ! int]ior2 ! pap] on ! co9 conceals x1 :il/ y direct ! audi5ce to look into a book1 or a pair ( slipp]s1 = ! miss+ qu>t]2 ! prep>$ co9 c be slipp$ out1 & ! box h&$ r\nd = exam9ation1 9 :i*1 ( c\rse1 no?+ w be f\nd4 ,?is trick may be repeat$ two or ?ree times ) ! greate/ success1 & is s simple t nobody guesses ! mann] ( p]=mance4 #fa4 ,,to ,,*ange ,a ,,dime ,,to ,a ,,qu>t]4 ,?is is q a simple p>lor trick1 b :5 p]=m$ ) dext]ity is calculat$ to produce mu* a/oni%m5t at an ev5+ p>ty4 ,9 fact1 x surprises on acc\nt ( its v simplicity4 ,procure two pieces ( m>bl$ pap] ab\t sev5 in*es squ>e1 & hav+ put ! m>ble backs ( ! pap] toge!r1 cut !m ! %ape ( diagram ,fig4 #a4 ,be v c>eful to h !m exactly ! same size1 z ! success ( ! trick dep5ds 9 a great measure ^u ! regul>ity ( ! pap]4 ,aft] cutt+ ! pap] 9 ! mann] describ$1 place a dime 9 ! c5t] ( "o ( ! pieces at ! place m>k$ ,a1 !n fold x c>efully ov] at ! crease on ! side m>k$ ,b1 & also aga9 at ! side m>k$ ,c4 ,:5 y h done ?is turn d[n ! end m>k$ ,d ^u ! c5t] ,a1 & aga9 fold ov] on ,e4 ,:5 ?is is accompli%$1 y w discov] t y h =m$ a small p>cel ! same %ape z ,fig4 #b1 ) a dime 9 ! c5t]4 ,y mu/ !n place a qu>t] ( a doll> 9 ! c5t] ( ! o!r piece ( pap]1 & fold x up exactly ! same size & %ape z ! fir/ piece4 ,:5 y h done ?is1 gum ! two p>cels toge!r at ! back ( ! ends m>k$ ,f1 9 ,fig4 #b1 & ! sides w be s ev5 t bo? p>cels w appe> z "o4 ,y c !n op5 ! side ( ! pap] conta9+ ! dime & %[ x to y\r audi5ce1 at ! same "t in=m+ !m t y are go+ to op5 a m9t on a small plan1 & co9 a qu>t] f a dime4 ,hav+ done ?is1 mutt] "s cabali/ic words & dext]\sly turn ov] ! side conta9+ ! qu>t]1 & ^u op5+ ! pap]1 to ! a/oni%m5t ( ! company1 in/ead ( a dime !y w behold a g5u9e qu>t]4 ,i h se5 mu* m]rim5t creat$ by ?is excell5t feat4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #a ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #b #fb4 ,,description ,,( ,,! ,,magician',s ,,table4 ,:5 a secret conf$]ate is requir$1 h a table f\r & a half feet long1 two feet eight in*es high1 two feet n9e in*es wide1 ) a curta9 r\nd x1 tw5ty-two in*es deep4 ,9 ! top ( ?is table are sev]al secret squ>e holes1 ( diff]5t sizes1 f ?ree to five in*es across2 ^! hav+ cov]s :i* exactly fit1 & hung ^u conceal$ h+es1 s t !y may be let d[n2 b :5 ly+ flat1 ! top ( ! table appe>s to pres5t a p]fect surface4 ,"u ?is surface are buttons1 :i* prev5t ^? lids f fall+ d[n :5 n made use (4 ,"u ! top ( ! table is fa/5$ a box1 or draw]1 op5 at ! top1 & at ! side :i* is f>!/ f ! spectators4 ,?is box is ab\t tw5ty in*es deep1 & conceal$ by ! curta92 & 9 ?is box is plac$ ! secret ag5t :o assi/s ! p]=m]4 #fc4 ,,wyman',s ,,gun ,,trick4 ,hav+ provid$ y\rself ) a f[l+-piece1 p]mit any p]son to load x1 reta9+ = y\rself ! privilege ( putt+ 9 ! ball1 to ! evid5t satisfaction ( ! company1 b in/ead ( :i* y mu/ provide y\rself ) an artificial "o made ( black lead1 :i* may be easily conceal$ betwe5 y\r f+]s1 & reta9 ! real ball 9 y\r possession1 produc+ x aft] ! gun has be5 dis*>g$2 & a m>k hav+ be5 previ\sly put ^u x1 x w in/antly be ackn[l$g$4 ,?is trick is q simple1 z ! artificial ball is easily r$uc$ to a p[d] on ! application ( ! ramrod2 besides ! smallness ( ! balls preclude all discov]y ( ! deception4 #fd4 ,,! ,,hat*$ ,,bird4 ,sep>ate an egg 9 ! middle z ne>ly z possible1 empty x1 & !n1 ) a f9e piece ( pap] & a little glue1 jo9 ! two halves toge!r1 hav+ fir/ put a live can>y bird inside x1 :i* w cont9ue unhurt 9 x = "s "t1 provid$ y make a small p9hole 9 ! %ell to supply ! bird ) air2 h1 also1 a :ole egg 9 read9ess4 ,pres5t ! two eggs = "o to be *os52 put ! egg1 :i* conta9s ! bird1 next to ! p]son :o is to *oose1 & = ?is purpose be sure to select a lady2 %e naturally *ooses ! ne>e/ to h]1 because1 hav+ no idea ( ! trick to be p]=m$1 !re1 is no app>5t reason to take ! fur!r "o2 at any rate1 if ! wrong "o be tak51 y d n fail 9 ! trick1 = y break ! egg1 & say1 ,y see t ?is egg is fair & fre% madam2 s y w\ld h f\nd ! o!r1 if y _h *os5 x4 ,n[1 d y *oose to f9d 9 x a m\se1 or a can>y bird8 ,%e naturally decl>es = ! bird2 nev]!less1 if %e ask = ! m\se1 !re are means to escape2 y ask ! same "q ( sev]al ladies1 & ga!r ! majority ( votes1 :i*1 9 all probability1 w be 9 fav\r ( ! bird :i* y !n produce4 #fe4 ,,! ,,apple ,,& ,,orange ,,trick4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #a4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #b4 ,h a box made ) a draw] fitt$ to x z 9 ! figure ,no4 #b1 m>k$ ,a4 ,! back "p ( ! draw] ,b1 :i* slides into ! box ,a1 has no end piece2 !n h ano!r draw] made1 m>k$ ,c1 op5 at ! top1 t w fit ! draw] ,b r easy1 :5 put into x ! sides & ends ( ! draw] ,c1 made ( r ?9 wood1 ) _! end & sides slop+ t[>ds ! sides ( ! draw] ,b1 s t :5 x is 9 ! draw] ,b1 x _c be discov]$ )\t m9ute exam9ation2 !n pu% !m bo? into ! box ,a1 & h a small hole bor$ ?r\gh ! top ( ! box ,a1 9 :i* y put a small p9 ) a flat top1 z m>k$ ,d 9 ! plate2 ?is p9 is s long t x w j cat* draw] ,c1 inside ( ! box ,a1 to prev5t x f com+ out ) ! draw] ,b1 :5 n necess>y to be expos$4 ,x is n[ ready to p]=m exp]im5ts )4 ,y are aw>e1 z has already be5 describ$1 t ! draw] ,b is op5 at ! inn] end1 consequ5tly1 :5 t ) ! loose draw] ,c is pu%$ into ! box ,a1 & y put ! p9 ,d 9 its place1 ! draw] ,b may be pull$ out1 or pu%$ back1 )\t int]ruption2 b if y remove ! p9 out ( ! box1 ,c w come out inside ( ! draw] ,b )\t ! trick be+ discov]$2 x be+ und]/ood t ! false draw] ,c is inv>iably conceal$ f ! spectator4 ,:5 ! draw] ,c is 9 ! box ,a1 & ! draw] ,b has be5 drawn out1 ! end ( ! draw] ,c w !n appe> z if x 0 ! end ( ! draw] ,b z repres5t$ 9 ! plate4 ,y c !n %[ x to ! company1 & y may also measure ! inside ( ! draw] ,b1 & ! outside ( ! box ,a1 & conv9ce !m t1 app>5tly1 no?+ is conceal$4 ,c>e mu/ be tak5 9 pull+ ! draw] ,c out alone1 t ! draw] ,c w n slip f ! bottom ( ! draw] ,b1 :i* o!rwise w\ld prev5t x f be+ pu%$ back4 ,a little cat* may be affix$ 9 ! bottom ( ! draw] ,c1 s z to prev5t ! same f slipp+ out ( its place4 ,to ,p]=m ! ,exp]im5t4--,fill1 privately1 ! draw] ,c ) fruit1 close ! draw] ,b1 & exhibit x2 !n pull ! draw] ,b out1 alone1 z repres5t$ 9 ! plate1 figure #b1 :i* w conv9ce ! spectators t x is empty4 ,:5 y h satisfi$ !m on t po9t1 slide back ! draw] ,b1 !n place ! left h& on ! secret p9 ,d1 & take x out2 !n ) ! "r h& pull out ! draw] ,b1 ) ! secret draw] ,c1 :i* is full ( fruit1 to ! great a/oni%m5t ( ! company2 take ! fruit out & pres5t x to ! spectators4 ,?is concludes ! p]=mance4 #ff4 ,,en*ant$ ,,co91 ,,z ,,p]=m$ ,,by ,,pr(essor ,,wyman4 ,put fifte5 pieces ( money into a hat1 take out five & my/]i\sly pass !m back into ! hat & x cov]$4 ,to d ?is trick y mu/ h 9 y\r left h& a plate1 & "u ! plate & 9 y\r left h& h previ\sly plac$ five pieces ( co9 su* z y w h plac$ 9 ! hat2 aft] y h c\nt$ ! fifte5 pieces into ! hat1 y !n ask ! p]son :om y h select$ f ! audi5ce to assi/ y 9 p]=m+ ! tricks1 to c\nt ! money out ( ! hat into ! plate1 to see t !re is no mi/ake1 aft] :i* y turn ! money out ( ! plate into ! hat1 & at ! same "t let fall ! five pieces y h secret$ 9 y\r h& "u ! plate2 y !n ask him to draw out five pieces1 :i* w /ill leave fifte51 y take ! five t is drawn out & place !m 9 a draw] 7see ! orange & apple trick71 !n y g ?r\gh ! magic words1 ,pre/o1 ,pacillo1 ,pass2 y !n op5 ! draw]1 7aft] plac+ y\r f+] on ! spr+ to hold ! inside draw] 9 :i* ! five pieces 7 plac$17 & %[ ! audi5ce t ! five pieces are gone2 y !n tell him to get ! hat & see h[ _m pieces are 9 x2 he gets ! hat1 & to ! surprise ( all1 he c\nts ! orig9al numb]1 fifte54 #fg4 ,,my/]i\s ,,co91 ,,or ,,h[ ,,to ,,make ,,doll>s ,,pass ,,?r\gh ,a ,,w9e ,,glass1 ,a ,,*9a ,,plate1 ,a ,,table1 ,,& ,,fall ,,into ,,! ,,h&4 ,aft] p]=m+ trick #dj1 7p4 #bg17 y may address ! company aga91 & say3 ,i w %[ y ! nature ( ?is trick1 if y w only look %>p en\gh to see h[ x is done4 ,!re=e1 wat* closely1 & if y h v p5etrat+ eyes1 y may see ! money g ?r\gh ?is glass & fall ^u ! plate1 & f t ?r\gh ! table into my h&4 ,i w d x delib]ately1 s t y may h e opportunity ( detect+ ! deception1 :i* w make y z wise z myself4 ,n[ y take a plate & place x on ! table1 place ^u t a w9e glass upside d[n1 & take ! empty lea!rn case & hold x be=e ! audi5ce1 to conv9ce !m t no?+ is inside4 ,place x1 9 a c>eless mann]1 ov] ! rivet$ money1 :i* y _h be=e put a little aside f ! view ( ! spectators4 ,place a small ball on ! bottom ( ! glass1 !n take ! case ) ! conceal$ co9s !re91 & place !m ov] ! ball1 :i* w be secret$ !re94 ,n[ tell ! company to keep a %>p look out1 & !y may discov] ! :ole process4 ,take ! loose co9s & ?r[ !m on ! table2 br+ !m aga9 "u ! table1 & ex*ange !m = a ball previ\sly deposit$ on ! %elf1 & lay ! same ^u ! table4 ,remove ! case alone1 :i*1 ( c\rse1 w leave ! money expos$ on ! top ( ! glass4 ,n[1 says ! p]=m]1 ,i presume t y h discov]$ ! :ole my/]y2 b if n1 ,i w give y ano!r opportunity1 & w return ! money :5ce x came4 ,cov] ! money ) ! case1 & br+ ! ball :i* y previ\sly expos$ to ! spectator "u ! table1 & ex*ange x = ! money on ! %elf1 :i* y aga9 toss ^u ! table4 ,remove ! case ) ! co9s conceal$ !re91 & ! ball w appe> on ! top ( ! glass1 z at fir/4 ,our p]=m] makes ! foll[+ conclud+ spee*3 ,n[1 z y h1 ,i suppose1 discov]$ ! :ole my/]y1 ,i hope1 ladies1 t y w n set up an opposition l9e aga9/ me2 s9ce1 if y d1 y w v s]i\sly injure my pockets1 &1 ( c\rse1 attract all ! company1 & leave me 9 an empty h\se ) empty pockets4 #fh4 ,,pr(essor ,,wyman',s ,,great ,,trick ,,( ,,! ,,egyptian ,,fluids1 ,,or ,,impossibilities ,,accompli%$4 ,mix w9e & wat] toge!r1 !n sep>ate !m by means ( a r$ & :ite tape4 ,to p]=m ?is trick y mu/ h ?ree cov]s 7t97 made1 ( an obeliatic =m1 t]m9at+ at ab\t "o in* & a half on top1 ^u ! top ( two ( ^! cov]s is sold]$ a piece ( ?ick brass1 copp]1 or lead1 say ab\t a qu>t] ( an in* 9 ?ickness1 9 ! c5t] make a hole ab\t ! same 9 diamet]1 ab\t two in*es f ! top1 & on ! inside w be a p>tition or floor1 ?r\gh ! c5t] ( :i* make a small a hole1 7?is p>tition mu/ be wat] tight47 ,previ\s to p]=m+ ! trick fill ! two cov]s 7! tops ( !m7 "o ) wat]1 ! o!r ) w9e1 !n cork !m well :i* excludes ! air1 consequ5tly keeps ! liquid f com+ out at ! small hole made 9 ! c5t] ( ! p>tition1 !n take two s\nd tumbl]s & put ab\t z mu* wat] 9 "o z !re is wat] 9 "o ( ! cov]s1 place ! cov] ov] t1 ! tumbl] t has ! wat]1 !n put ab\t ! same quantity ( w9e 9 ! o!r tumbl]1 z !re is 9 ! o!r cov]1 & place t cov] ov] x2 n[ h a tumbl] ) a hole ?r\gh ! c5t] ( ! bottom 7made ) a drill71 h ?is hole clos$ ) a long peg f ! "u side1 !n ?r\gh y\r trick table h a small aug] hole made to admit ! peg1 ?is tumbl] mu/ also be cov]$ ) a simil> cov] 9 ext]nal appe>ance2 y !n take ! cov]s (f ! tumbl]s conta9+ wat] & w9e1 & 9 pres5ce ( ! audi5ce mix ! two liquids1 !n p\r bo? into ! tumbl] t has ! hole ?r\gh ! bottom1 place ! tumbl]s back & cov] !m ov]1 n[ lift ! tumbl] up conta9+ ! mixture t ! audi5ce may see x1 7keep+ y\r h& 9 front ( ! peg17 place x back ) peg ?r\gh ! hole1 cov] x ov]1 !n take a r$ & :ite tape /r+ t has previ\sly be5 fa/5$ to a small /ick1 & place x 9 ! top ( ! cov] t is ov] ! false tumbl]1 !n take ! end ( ! r$ tape1 :i* has a small wire to x1 & aft] remov+ ! cork f ! cov] ov] ! w9e1 drop ! end ( ! wire into ! :ole2 ! air is !n let into ! w9e1 :i* lets x run d[n into ! tumbl]s und]nea?1 d likewise ) ! :ite tape1 !n rea* y\r h& "u ! table & draw ! peg out ( ! tumbl] & let ! mixture run d[n into a tumbl] or cup secret$ !re = t purpose2 n[ remove ! cov]s & %[ ! audi5ce t ! tumbl] y p\r$ ! mixture into is empty1 & ! "o y p\r$ x out ( conta9s x aga91 :i* w greatly a/oni% !m4 ,t accompli%$ magician1 ,pr(essor ,wyman1 has a/oni%$ applaud+ & delight$ ?\s&s 9 e city 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates & ,canada1 by ! p]=mance ( ?is wond]ful exp]im5t4 #fi4 ,,! ,,magician',s ,,sn[ ,,ball4 ,,"o ,,( ,,! ,,fak] ,,( ,,ava',s ,,feats4 ,take a cup & fill x ) rice1 !n *ange x into a h&k]*ief4 ,to d ?is trick y h two cups 7t97 made to fit "o )9 ! o!r1 b let ! outside cup be ab\t two in*es deep] ?an ! inside "o1 let ! rims be turn$ squ>e d[n all r\nd1 b let t ( ! inside cup be a trifle l>g] ?an ! outside "o1 s t :5 ! t9 cov] 7:i* y mu/ also h7 is put ov] !m x w fit suffici5tly tight to lift out ! inside cup :5 x is tak5 (f4 ,previ\s to p]=m+ ?is trick y mu/ place 9 ! bottom ( ! deep cup a :ite pocket h&k]*ief1 !n place ! o!r cup 9 x1 aft] :i* br+ x out 9 pres5ce ( ! audi5ce1 !n fill ! inside cup 7:i* to ! audi5ce appe>s to be ! only cup7 ) rice1 place ! cov] ov] x1 aft] :i* repeat ! my/ic words ,pre/o1 ,pacillo1 ,pass1 !n remove ! cov] & ! inside cup w h /uck to x & be conceal$ f view1 n[ take out ! h&k]*ief1 & x w greatly a/oni% ^? :o see x4 #gj4 ,,! ,,magnetiz$ ,,cane4 ,illu/ration ,is a v surpris+ little fancy1 & is calculat$ to create mu* a/oni%m5t 9 ! p>lor or draw+ room4 ,to p]=m ?is trick1 take a piece ( black silk ?read or horse hair1 ab\t two feet long1 & fa/5 to ea* end ( ! same b5t hooks ( a simil> color4 ,:5 unobs]v$1 fa/5 ! hooks 9 ! back "p ( y\r pantaloon-legs1 ab\t two in*es bel[ ! b5d ( ! knees4 ,!n place ! cane 7x %\ld be a d>k "o & n too heavy71 )9 ! inn] "p ( ! ?read1 z repres5t$ 9 ! engrav+1 & by a simple movem5t ( ! legs1 y c make ! cane dance ab\t1 & p]=m a great v>iety ( fanta/ic movem5ts4 ,at night y\r audi5ce _c p]ceive ! ?read1 & app>5tly ! cane w h no support :atev]4 ,! p]=m] %\ld in=m ! company be=e comm5c+ ?is trick1 t he int5ds to magnetize ! cane1 & by mov+ 8 h&s z pr(essors ( magnetism d1 ! motion ( ! legs w n be notic$4 #ga4 ,,pr(essor ,,wyman',s ,,mode ,,( ,,p]=m+ ,,! ,,egg ,,bag ,,trick4 ,take a bag & exhibit x to ! audi5ce1 turn ! bag inside out1 !n back aga91 aft] :i* take sev]al eggs out ( x4 ,to p]=m ?is trick1 h y a bag ab\t a half y>d wide1 & ab\t five eigh?s deep1 made ( black cambric1 !n take /rips ( ! same clo? ab\t ?ree in*es wide & sew !m on ea* side ( ! /rip l5g?wise ( ! bag1 ^! are call$ cells1 x is 9 ^! t ! eggs are plac$2 let ! end ( ! cells be clos$ at ! m\? ( ! l>ge bag1 s t ! m\? ( ! cells w be ! rev]se ( t ( ! l>ge bag1 ^! are fill$ ) eggs made ( wood1 ) ! exception ( "o or two natural eggs1 :i* y take out fir/1 & break1 to conv9ce ! audi5ce t !y are g5u9e4 ,:5 y turn ! bag y keep ^! cells next to y1 & z ! l>ge bag is turn$ upside d[n1 ! eggs are 9 ! bottom ( ! cells at ! m\? ( ! l>ge bag4 ,! p]=m] w !n cat* ! bag j above ! eggs1 & give x a few wraps across ! o!r h&1 to conv9ce ! audi5ce t !re is no?+ 9 x1 aft] :i* he turns ! bag aga9 & takes out sev]al eggs1 :i* to ! audi5ce is a great my/]y4 99 99 99 99 99 ,9 ?is acc\nt ( conjur+1 ,i h purposely avoid$ su* tricks z require exp5sive app>atus4 ,su* app>atus is ei!r entirely beyond a boy's rea*1 or at all ev5ts he ought n to be enc\rag$ 9 ! notion ( sp5d+ mu* money on objects ( no real use4 ,a boy ( any +5uity w make ! great] "p ( ! app>atus himself1 or at lea/ he c d ! pa9t+ & poli%+ ( 8 ma*9]y4 ,i h m5tion$ no ma*9]y t ne$ co/ m ?an a doll> at ! outside1 & n t1 if a boy is acqua9t$ ) ! use ( tools4 ,x has also be5 my especial c>e to introduce only su* exp]im5ts z are adapt$ = p]=mance at ! p>lor or draw+-room table or fireside1 & by imp>t+ int]e/+ facts1 to /imulate ! "y exp]im5tali/ to inquire into ! laws t regulate !m2 by aid+ him to acquire dext]ity ( practice1 to smoo! ! road to ! developm5t ( pr9ciples2 &1 above all1 to enable him to escape an imputation :i* e boy ( _s w\ld consid] ! dep? ( disgrace--t ( be+ ,no ,conjuror6 ,,footnotes3 ,footnote #a3 ,t is1 make two bags & sew ! edges toge!r1 s t actually !re w be a ?ird bag betwe5 ! two4 ,,tricks ,,) ,,c>ds4 ,al?\gh pr(ici5cy 9 games ) c>ds1 is1 9 our op9ion1 a mo/ p]nici\s accompli%m5t = y\?1 & "o :i* _c be too sev]ely reprobat$1 we d n consid] ,,sleight-,,(-,,h& ,,tricks ) a pack ( c>ds1 at all objectionable1 b r a s\rce ( mu* h>mless amusem5t2 &1 "u ?is impression1 we d n hesitate to ins]t ! foll[+ s]ies ( excell5t deceptions & sleight-(-h& tricks4 ,play+ c>ds are believ$ to h be5 inv5t$ 9 ,spa9 z e>ly z ! f\rte5? c5tury2 =1 9 #acgh1 ,john ! ,fir/1 k+ ( ,ca/ile1 =bade c>d-play+ 9 8 dom9ions1 9 an edict :i* is ant]ior to any simil> legislative measure 9 o!r p>ts ( ,europe4 ,! figures ^u ! c>ds !mselves1 add to ! /r5g? ( ! supposition2 = ! suits answ]+ to ^? ( spades & clubs h n ! same inv]t$ he>t & trefoil %ape :i* ours ( ! pres5t day display1 b espadas1 or swords1 & ba/os1 or cudgels1 or clubs2 s t 9 fact we reta9 _! names1 ?\gh we h alt]$ ! figures4 ,at ! pres5t "t1 too1 c>ds are a favorite div]sion ( ! ,spani>ds1 & ! monopoly ( sell+ !m is ve/$ 9 ! h&s ( ! sov]eign4 ,9 ! reign ( ,h5ry ! ,sev5?1 c>d-play+ 0 a v fa%ionable c\rt amusem5t 9 ,engl&4 ,! c>ds !n us$1 diff]$ mat]ially 9 _! figures f ^? n[ 9 vogue1 z in/ead ( clubs1 spades1 diamonds1 & he>ts1 !y _h rabbits1 p9ks1 roses1 & ! fl[]s call$ columb9es1 ^u !m2 z also bells1 he>ts1 leaves1 acorns1 de]1 c4 ,let u n[ turn to ! tricks t c be play$ ) c>ds4 ,9 accordance ) my rule1 ,i %all lay ! pr9cipal /ress on c>d tricks t require no app>atus1 & may be p]=m$ ) ord9>y c>ds4 #a4 ,,to ,,make ,,! ,,pass4 ,?is is a necess>y beg9n+ = c>d tricks4 ,mak+ ! pass1 is ! te*nical t]m = %ift+ ei!r ! top or ! bottom c>d to any place 9 ! pack t y l4 ,x is almo/ impossible to describe x1 & ,i c only say t x w be le>n$ bett] 9 five m9utes f a fri5d1 ?an 9 z _m h\rs f a book4 ,z1 h[ev]1 a fri5d is n always to be f\nd :o c p]=m ! pass1 ,i w endeavor to describe x4 ,illu/ration ,! c>ds are held 9 bo? h&s1 "r h& und]nea? & left above1 z 9 ! engrav+1 :]e1 z ! bottom c>d is to be rais$ to ! top1 ! little f+] is se5 betwe5 t c>d & ^? above x4 ,by a quick movem5t ( ! "r h&1 ! bottom c>d is slipp$ away t[>ds ! left1 & is plac$ ^u ! top c>d1 "u %ad[ ( ! left h&1 :i* is rais$ = ! mom5t to all[ ( its passage4 ,?is movem5t mu/ be assidu\sly practic$ be=e x is exhibit$ 9 public1 z no?+ looks m awkw>d ?an to see x clumsily p]=m$1 9 :i* case two or ?ree c>ds g5]ally tumble on ! floor4 #b4 ,,to ,,tell ,a ,,c>d ,,by ,,its ,,back4 ,:ile %uffl+ ! pack1 ca/ a glance at ! bottom c>d1 make ! pass1 & br+ x to ! top4 ,cont9ue to %uffle1 & lay ^u x by degrees z _m c>ds z y l1 say six4 ,!n lay ! pack on ! table1 face d[nw>ds1 & divide x into sev5 heaps1 beg9n+ at ! bottom1 & leave ! sev5? heap l>g] ?an any ( ! o!rs4 ,:5 y h done ?is1 take "o c>d f ! top ( ! sev5? heap1 appe> to calculate1 & lay x1 face upw>ds1 on "o ( ! o!r heaps4 ,d s ) five m c>ds1 ?us leav+ y\r slipp$ c>d at ! top ( ! sev5? heap4 ,y !n ann\nce t by ! aid ( ! six c>ds y w "n ! sev5?4 ,y "n x accord+ly1 aft] c>efully /udy+ ! o!r c>ds1 & on ask+ a spectator to take x up1 x w be se5 t y are "r4 ,if y place five c>ds above ! slipp$ c>d1 y w lay out six heaps1 & if eight c>ds1 !re w ( c\rse be n9e heaps4 #c4 ,,! ,,c>d ,,nam$ ,,)\t ,,be+ ,,se54 ,z 9 ! la/ trick1 ca/ a glance at ! bottom c>d1 say ! ace ( spades4 ,lay out ! pack 9 z _m heaps z y l1 not+ :]e t "o is laid :i* conta9s t bottom c>d4 ,ask any "o to take up ! top c>d ( any heap1 look at x1 & replace x4 ,y !n ga!r up ! heaps app>5tly by *ance1 b y take c>e to put ! heap conta9+ ! bottom c>d ^u ! c>d :i* has be5 *os54 ,y !n give any "o ! c>ds to cut1 & on c\nt+ !m ov]1 ! c>d t imm$iately foll[s ! ace ( spades is ! c>d *os54 ,if by any accid5t ! two c>ds %\ld be sep>at$ :5 cut1 ! upp] c>d ( ! pack is ! *os5 "o1 & c be pick$ out ) seem+ c>e4 #d4 ,,! ,,c>d ,,told ,,by ,,! ,,op]a ,,glass4 ,make out a table1 su* z is giv5 9 ,fig4 #a1 & place x 9 an op]a-glass1 s t ! figures w be visible :5 y look ?r\gh x4 ,= conv5i5ce1 ,i h made m9e z se5 9 ,fig4 #b1 ! numb]s #a1 #b1 #c 9 ea* s]ies be+ und]/ood4 ,! be/ plan is to write ! numb]s1 or cut !m out ( a book1 & pa/e !m on a circul> piece ( c>dbo>d1 :i* mu/ !n be soak$ 9 oil1 s z to make x semi-transp>5t4 ,! light w !n easily pi]ce ?r\gh x1 & ! figures w be bett] visible ?an if x 7 opaque4 ,x w be se5 t ,fig4 #b conta9s z mu* matt] z ,fig4 #a1 & t two ?irds ( ! figures are sav$ by x4 ,illu/ration3 ---------------------------- #a4 #aca #aj4 #acb #ai4 #acc #b4 #bca #aa4 #bcb #bj4 #bcc #c4 #cca #ab4 #ccb #ba4 #ccc ---------------------------- #d4 #aba #ac4 #abb #bb4 #abc #e4 #bba #ad4 #bbb #bc4 #bbc #f4 #cba #ae4 #cbb #bd4 #cbc ---------------------------- #g4 #aaa #af4 #aab #be4 #aac #h4 #baa #ag4 #bab #bf4 #bac #i4 #caa #ah4 #cab #bg4 #cac ---------------------------- ,fig4 #a4 ,illu/ration3 ------------------ #a4 #ca4 #aj4 #cb4 #d4 #ba4 #ac4 #bb4 #g4 #aa4 #af4 #ab4 ---------------- #ai4 #cc4 #bb4 #bc4 #be4 #ac4 ----------- ,fig4 #b4 ,^! prelim9>ies be+ arrang$1 tell any "o to take any tw5ty-sev5 c>ds out ( a pack1 & to ?9k ( any "o ( !m4 ,deal !m into ?ree heaps1 & ask him 9 :i* heap x is1 & :at numb] f ! top he w\ld l x to come aft] ! ?ird deal4 ,suppose he *ooses x to be ! tw5ty-six? c>d1 y take up y\r op]a-glass & look = ! numb] #bf4 ,?is y w f9d la/ b "o1 arrang$ ?us--#bf #bac ,! mean+ is1 t if ! *os5 c>d is to be ! tw5ty-six?1 ! heap 9 :i* x 0 f\nd mu/ be = ! fir/ "t plac$ second1 ! second "t fir/1 & ! la/ "t ?ird4 ,s y pick up ! c>ds1 tak+ c>e to keep t heap numb] two4 ,y aga9 deal !m 9 ?ree heaps1 & ?is "t y place ! heap 9 :i* is ! *os5 c>d at ! top1 be+ numb] "o4 ,deal !m a ?ird "t1 & on ga!r+ up ! heaps1 place x at ! bottom4 ,!n1 on c\nt+ f ! top1 ! *os5 c>d w be f\nd to be ! tw5ty-six?4 #e4 ,,! ,,f\r ,,k+s4 ,take ! f\r k+s out ( a pack ( c>ds1 & also two o!r c\rt c>ds1 :i* are n to be %[n4 ,spread out ! k+s be=e ! spectators1 b conceal ! two c\rt c>ds betwe5 ! ?ird & f\r? k+s4 ,lay ! c>ds face d[nw>ds on ! table4 ,take (f ! bottom c>d1 :i* is1 ( c\rse "o ( ! k+s2 %[ x z if by accid5t1 & place x on ! top4 ,take ! next c>d1 7:i* is "o ( ! c\rt c>ds17 & place t 9 ! middle ( ! pack4 ,take ! ?ird c>d1 7i4 e41 ! second c\rt c>d17 & place t also ne> ! middle ( ! pack4 ,!re w !n be "o k+ at ! top & ?ree at ! bottom4 ,ask any "o to cut ! c>ds1 & to exam9e !m1 :5 he w f9d all f\r k+s toge!r 9 ! middle ( ! pack4 ,x is bett] to use c\rt c>ds to place betwe5 ! ?ird & f\r? k+s1 because if ! c>ds %\ld slip aside1 !y w\ld n be s readily di/+ui%$ z common c>ds4 #f4 ,,! ,,f\r ,,accomplices4 ,let a p]son draw f\r c>ds f ! pack1 & tell him to ?9k ( "o ( !m4 ,:5 he returns y ! f\r c>ds1 dext]\sly place two ( !m "u ! pack1 & two on ! top4 ,"u ^? at ! bottom y place f\r c>ds ( any sort1 & !n1 tak+ eight or t5 f ! bottom c>ds1 y spread !m on ! table1 & ask ! p]son if ! c>d he fix$ on be among !m4 ,if he say no1 y are sure x is "o ( ! two c>ds on ! top4 ,y !n pass two c>ds to ! bottom1 & draw+ (f ! l[e/ ( !m1 y ask if t be n 8 c>d4 ,if he aga9 say no1 y take t c>d up1 & bid him draw 8 c>d f ! bottom ( ! pack4 ,if ! p]son say 8 c>d is among ^? y fir/ drew f ! bottom1 y mu/ dext]\sly take up ! f\r c>ds t y put "u !m1 & plac+ ^? on ! top1 let ! o!r two be ! bottom c>ds ( ! pack1 :i* draw 9 ! mann] be=e describ$4 #g4 ,,to ,,tell ,,! ,,c>d ,,?\ght ,,( ,,9 ,a ,,circle ,,( ,,t54 ,illu/ration ,place ! fir/ t5 c>ds ( any suit 9 a circul> =m1 z 9 ! annex$ figure2 ! ace be+ c\nt$ z "o4 ,reque/ a p]son to ?9k ( a numb] or c>d1 & to t\* also any o!r numb] or c>d2 desire him to add to ! numb] ( ! c>d he t\*$ ! numb] ( ! c>ds laid out1 t is1 t52 !n bid him c\nt t sum backw>d1 beg9n+ at ! c>d he t\*$1 & reckon+ t c>d at ! numb] he ?\ght (2 :5 he w ?us end x at ! c>d or numb] he fir/ ?\ght (1 & !reby enable y to asc]ta9 :at t 04 ,= example1 suppose he ?\ght ( ! numb] ?ree1 & t\*$ ! six? c>d1 if t5 be add$ to six1 x w ( c\rse make sixte52 & if he c\nt t numb] f ! six? c>d1 ! "o t\*$1 9 a retrograde ord]1 reckon+ ?ree on ! six?1 f\r on ! fif?1 five on ! f\r?1 six on ! ?ird c>ds1 & s on2 x w be f\nd to t]m9ate on ! ?ird c>d1 :i* w !re=e %[ y ! numb] ! p]son ?\ght (4 ,:5 ! p]son is c\nt+ ! numb]s1 he %\ld n1 ( c\rse1 call !m out al\d4 #h4 ,,to ,,guess ,,! ,,c>d ,,?\ght ,,(4 ,to p]=m ?is trick1 ! numb] ( c>ds mu/ be divisible by #c1 & x is m conv5i5t t ! numb] %\ld be odd4 ,desire a p]son to ?9k ( a c>d2 place ! c>ds on ! table ) _! faces d[nw>d1 &1 tak+ !m up 9 ord]1 arrange !m 9 ?ree heaps1 ) _! faces upw>d1 & 9 su* a mann] t ! fir/ c>d ( ! pack %all be fir/ 9 ! fir/ heap1 ! second ! fir/ 9 ! second heap1 & ! ?ird ! fir/ ( ! ?ird2 ! f\r? ! second ( ! fir/1 & s on4 ,:5 ! heaps are complet$1 ask ! p]son 9 :i* heap ! c>d he ?\ght ( is1 & :5 he tells y1 place t heap 9 ! middle2 !n turn+ up ! packet1 =m ?ree heaps1 z be=e1 & aga9 inquire 9 :i* heap ! c>d ?\ght ( is2 =m ! ?ree heaps afre%1 place ! heap conta9+ ! c>d ?\ght ( aga9 9 ! c5t]1 & ask :i* ( !m conta9s ! c>d4 ,:5 ?is is kn[n1 place x z be=e1 betwe5 ! o!r two1 & aga9 =m ?ree heaps1 ask+ ! same "q4 ,!n take up ! heaps = ! la/ "t1 put t conta9+ ! c>d ?\ght ( 9 ! middle1 & place ! packet on ! table ) ! faces d[nw>d1 turn up ! c>ds till y c\nt half ! numb] ( ^? conta9$ 9 ! packet2 twelve1 = example1 if !re be tw5ty-f\r1 9 :i* case ! twelf? c>d w be ! "o ! p]son ?\ght (4 ,if ! numb] ( ! c>ds be at ! same "t odd1 & divisible by ?ree1 su* z fifte51 tw5ty-"o1 tw5ty-sev51 c41 ! trick w be mu* easi]1 = ! c>d ?\ght ( w always be t 9 ! middle ( ! heap 9 :i* x is f\nd ! ?ird "t1 s t x may be easily di/+ui%$ )\t c\nt+ ! c>ds2 9 reality1 no?+ is necess>y b to rememb]1 :ile y are arrang+ ! heap = ! ?ird "t1 ! c>d :i* is ! middle "o ( ea*4 ,suppose1 = example1 t ! middle c>d ( ! fir/ heap be ! ace ( spades2 t ! second be ! k+ ( he>ts2 & t ! ?ird be ! knave ( he>ts3 if y are told t ! heap conta9+ ! requir$ c>d is ! ?ird1 t c>d mu/ be ! knave ( he>ts4 ,y may !re=e h ! c>ds %uffl$1 )\t tr\bl+ !m any m2 & !n1 look+ !m ov] = =m's sake1 may "n ! knave ( he>ts :5 x occurs4 #i4 ,,to ,,tell ,,! ,,numb] ,,( ,,c>ds ,,by ,,! ,,weight4 ,take a pack ( c>ds1 say =ty1 & privately ins]t among !m two c>ds r l>g] ?an ! o!rs2 let ! fir/ be ! fifte5?1 & ! o!r ! tw5ty-six?1 f ! top4 ,seem to %uffle ! c>ds1 & cut !m at ! fir/ long c>d2 poise ^? y h tak5 (f 9 y\r h&1 & say1 ,!re mu/ be fifte5 c>ds "h2 !n cut !m at ! second long c>d1 & say1 ,!re are b elev5 "h2 & pois+ ! rema9d]1 exclaim1 ,& "h are f\rte5 c>ds4 ,on c\nt+ !m1 ! spectators w f9d y\r calculations correct4 ,,audacity4 ,sev]al tricks may be successfully play$ by %e] audacity4 ,i once a/oni%$ a :ole p>ty by hold+ a pack ( c>ds ov] my head1 & nam+ ea*4 ,! fact 01 t ,i 0 /&+ exactly opposite a l>ge mirror1 9 :i* ! c>ds 7 reflect$1 :ile ! spectators1 hav+ _! backs to ! mirror1 suspect$ no?+4 ,i w give "o or two tricks t dep5d on audacity = success4 #aj4 ,,! ,,c>d ,,f\nd ,,at ,,! ,,second ,,guess4 ,(f] ! c>ds to any "o1 & let him draw "o4 ,y !n hold ! c>ds beh9d y\r back1 & tell him to place 8 c>d on ! top4 ,pret5d to make a great %uffl+1 b only turn t c>d ) its back to ! o!rs1 /ill keep+ x at ! top4 ,!n hold up ! c>ds ) _! faces t[>ds ! spectator1 & ask him if ! bottom c>d is 84 ,:ile do+ s1 y inspect 8 c>d at y\r leisure4 ,he ( c\rse d5ies x1 & y beg9 %uffl+ aga9 furi\sly4 ,let me d t1 he w probably say2 s1 z y are p]fectly acqua9t$ ) 8 c>d1 y let him %uffle z mu* z he likes1 & !n1 :5 y get ! c>ds back aga91 %uffle until 8 c>d is at ! bottom4 ,!n pass !m beh9d y\r back1 make a ruffl+ noise ) !m1 & %[ him 8 own c>d at ! bottom4 #aa4 ,,! ,,c>d ,,f\nd ,,"u ,,! ,,hat4 ,h a ne$le /uck j inside y\r sleeve4 ,h& ! c>ds1 c41 j z 9 ! prec$+ trick1 & tell ! tak] to put ! c>d on ! top4 ,take out ! ne$le1 & prick a hole ne>ly ?r\gh ! top left-h& corn]4 ,replace ! ne$le1 %uffle ! c>ds1 or let any "o %uffle !m4 ,place ! pack on ! table1 cov] !m ) a hat1 & ! m>k$ c>d w be kn[n by a little rais$ knob on ! "r-h& top corn]4 ,draw out c>d by c>d1 say+ :e!r x is t c>d or n1 until y come to ! m>k$ "o1 :i* y ?r[ on ! table c>elessly1 & :5 y are ab\t tak+ out ano!r c>d1 /op sudd5ly1 & pret5d to f9d1 by "s magic process1 t x is ! *os5 c>d4 #ab4 ,,to ,,call ,,! ,,c>ds ,,out ,,( ,,! ,,pack4 ,tell ! spectators t y w call six c>ds out ( ! pack4 ,secure a c>d1 say ! ace ( spades1 9 ! palm ( y\r h&4 ,?r[ ! pack on ! table1 face d[nw>ds1 spread out ! c>ds1 give "o ( ! spectators y\r conjur+ w&1 & tell him1 :5 y "n a c>d to t\* "o1 :i* y w take up4 ,fir/ "n ! ace ( spades4 ,he t\*es a c>d1 :i* y take up )\t %[+ ! face ( x4 ,?is c>d may be1 say ! eight ( diamonds4 ,put x into y\r left h&1 & place x ^u ! ace ( spades1 :i* is already !re1 s t ! two look l "o c>d4 ,!n call = ! eight ( diamonds4 ,ano!r c>d is t\*$1 say ! que5 ( clubs4 ,?is y put ) ! o!rs1 &1 aft] pret5d+ to calculate1 call = ! que5 ( clubs4 ,proce$ 9 ?is mann] until six c>ds h be5 drawn4 ,!n sub/itute ! la/ c>d drawn 7:i* is ( c\rse a wrong "o7 = ! ace ( spades1 & conceal x 9 ! palm ( y\r h&4 ,!n /rew ! o!rs on ! table1 & :ile ! eyes ( ! spectators are fix$ ^u !m1 get rid ( ! c>d 9 y\r left h&4 ,x is a good plan to ask "s "o to write d[n ! names ( ! c>ds z !y are call$1 & !n to h ! li/ call$ ov]1 9 ord] t e "o may see t !re has be5 no mi/ake4 #ac4 ,,heads ,,& ,,tails4 ,:ile y are %uffl+ ! c>ds1 contrive to arrange quietly all _! heads "o way1 or z _m z possible1 reject+ all ! diamonds except ! k+1 que51 knave1 & sev51 & pass+ !m to ! bottom4 ,put ! pack ^u ! table1 take (f a numb] ( ! upp] c>ds1 & (f] !m = "s "o to *oose a c>d f4 ,:ile he is look+ at x1 turn ! c>ds r\nd1 & (f] !m to him1 9 ord] t he may replace x4 ,%uffle ! c>ds1 & on look+ !m ov]1 ! *os5 c>d w be /&+ ) its head "o way1 :ile ! o!rs are rev]s$4 #ad4 ,,! ,,surprise4 ,:5 y h discov]$ a c>d1 ! foll[+ plan w make a /rik+ t]m9ation to ! trick4 ,get ! c>d to ! bottom ( ! pack1 & tell "o ( ! spectators to hold ! c>ds by "o corn] z tightly z he c4 ,give !m a %>p rap ) y\r f+]1 n ) y\r h&1 & all ! c>ds w be /ruck out ( 8 hold1 & fall on ! floor1 except ! bottom c>d1 :i* w rema9 betwe5 8 f+] & ?umb4 ,x has a r m da%+ effect1 if y put ! *os5 c>d at ! top1 & /rike !m upw>ds1 :5 ! :ole pack w fly ab\t ! room1 l a flock ( butt]flies1 only leav+ ! top c>d 9 ! p]son's grasp4 #ae4 ,,! ,,revolution4 ,ano!r neat way ( f9i%+ a trick is z foll[s4 ,get ! c>d to ! top ( ! pack2 & tak+ c>e t all ! c>ds are ev51 drop ! pack on ! floor1 tak+ c>e j z y let g1 to slip ! top c>d a little (f ! re/ ( ! pack4 ,9 fall+1 ! resi/ance ( ! air w turn ! c>d ov]1 & x w re/ ) its face upw>ds on ! top ( ! pack4 #af4 ,,! ,,slipp$ ,,c>d4 ,asc]ta9 ! bottom c>d ( ! pack2 hold ! c>ds 9 y\r left h&1 ) _! faces d[nw>ds4 ,place y\r "r h& ^u !m1 & ) y\r "r =e f+] slide !m sl[ly ov] ea* o!r1 ask+ "s "o to /op any c>d he *ooses1 by putt+ 8 f+] ^u x4 ,:5 he has done s1 op5 ! pack at t c>d1 b :ile op5+ x1 make ! pass1 & br+ ! bottom c>d "u ! "o t\*$4 ,hold up ! c>ds1 & ask ! *oos] to be sure ( 8 c>d2 h& all ! c>ds to him1 & let him %uffle z mu* z he *ooses4 ,aft]w>ds discov] ! c>d 9 any mann] t y pref]4 ,! foll[+ is a good plan4 #ag4 ,,! ,,nail$ ,,c>d4 ,take a flat-head$ nail1 & file x d[n until its po9t is z %>p z a ne$le1 & ! head q flat4 ,! nail %\ld be ab\t half an in* long1 or ev5 %ort] if any?+4 ,pass ! nail ?r\gh ! c5t] ( any c>d1 say ! ace ( spades1 & conceal x 9 y\r left h&4 ,take ano!r pack ( c>ds1 get ! ace ( spades to ! bottom1 & p]=m ! prec$+ trick4 ,:5 ! c>ds are return$1 %uffle !m ab\t1 & ex*ange ! pi]c$ c>d = ! o!r4 ,put ! pi]c$ c>d at ! bottom ( ! pack1 & ?r[ ! c>ds viol5tly aga9/ a door1 :5 ! nail w be driv5 9 by ! pressure ( ! o!r c>ds aga9/ its head1 & ! *os5 c>d w be se5 nail$ to ! door4 ,! nail %\ld be put ?r\gh ! face ( ! c>d1 s t :5 ! o!rs fall on ! floor1 x rema9s fac+ ! spectators4 #ah4 ,,to ,,asc]ta9 ,,! ,,numb] ,,( ,,po9ts ,,on ,,?ree ,,unse5 ,,c>ds4 ,9 ?is amusem5t ! ace c\nts elev51 ! c\rt c>ds t5 ea*1 & ! o!rs accord+ to ! numb] ( _! spots4 ,ask any "o to *oose any ?ree c>ds1 & lay !m on ! table1 ) _! faces d[nw>ds4 ,on ea* ( ^! he mu/ place z _m z ) ! numb] ( ! c>d w make fifte54 ,he gives y ! rema9+ c>ds1 & :5 y h !m 9 y\r h&1 y c\nt !m ov] on ! pret5ce ( %uffl+ !m1 & by d$uct+ f\r1 y w h ! numb] ( po9ts on ! ?ree c>ds4 ,= example1 ! spectator *ooses a f\r1 an eight1 & a k+4 ,on ! f\r he places elev5 c>ds1 on ! eight sev51 & on ! k+ five4 ,!re w !n be tw5ty-six c>ds left4 ,d$uct f ?is tw5ty-six f\r1 & ! result w be tw5ty-two1 :i* is ! numb] ( po9ts on ! ?ree c>ds1 ! k+ c\nt+ t51 add$ to ! eight & ! f\r4 #ai4 ,,to ,,tell ,,! ,,numb]s ,,on ,,two ,,unse5 ,,c>ds4 ,z 9 ! prec$+ trick1 ! ace c\nts elev51 & ! c\rt c>ds t5 ea*4 ,let ! p]son :o *ooses ! two c>ds lay !m on ! table ) _! faces d[nw>d1 & place on ea* z _m z w make _! numb] tw5ty-five4 ,take ! rema9+ c>ds & c\nt !m1 :5 !y w be f\nd to be j z _m z ! po9ts 9 ! two c>ds4 ,= example1 take an ace & a que51 i4 e4 elev5 & t51 & lay !m on ! table4 ,on ! ace y mu/ put f\rte5 c>ds1 & on ! que5 fifte54 ,!re w be !n fifte5 c>ds 9 "o heap1 & sixte5 9 ! o!r3 ^! add$ toge!r make ?irty-"o c>ds3 ^! subtract$ f ! numb] ( c>ds 9 ! pack1 i4 e4 fifty-two1 leave tw5ty-"o1 ! jo9t numb] ( ! ace & que54 #bj4 ,,! ,,knaves ,,& ,,! ,,con/able4 ,select ! f\r knaves f a pack ( c>ds1 & "o ( ! k+s to p]=m ! (fice ( con/able4 ,secretly place "o ( ! knaves at ! bottom ( ! pack1 & lay ! o!r ?ree1 ) ! con/able1 d[n ^u ! table4 ,proce$ ) a tale to ! effect t ?ree knaves once 7 to rob a h\se2 "o got 9 at ! p>lor w9d[ 7putt+ a knave at ! bottom ( ! pack1 tak+ c>e n to lift ! pack s high t ! "o already at ! bottom c be se572 "o effect$ 8 entrance at ! fir/ floor w9d[ 7putt+ ano!r knave 9 ! middle ( ! pack72 & ! o!r1 by gett+ on ! p>apet f a neighbor+ h\se1 contriv$ to scramble 9 at ! g>ret w9d[ 7plac+ ! ?ird knave at ! top ( ! pack72 ! con/able v[$ he w\ld capture !m1 & closely foll[$ ! la/ knave 7putt+ ! k+ likewise ^u ! top ( ! pack74 ,!n reque/ z _m ( ! company to cut ! c>ds z please2 & tell !m t y h no d\bt ! con/able has succe$$ 9 8 object1 :i* w be q evid5t1 :5 y spread out ! pack 9 y\r h&s2 z ! k+ & ?ree knaves w1 if ! trick is neatly p]=m$1 be f\nd toge!r4 ,a v little practice only is requir$ to enable y to convey a knave or any o!r c>d secretly to ! bottom ( ! pack4 #ba4 ,,! ,,pairs ,,re-,,pair$4 ,tell out tw5ty c>ds 9 pairs1 & ask t5 p to take a pair ea*1 & rememb] !m4 ,take up ! pairs 9 _! ord]1 & lay !m on ! table 9 ord]1 accord+ to ! accompany+ table1 :i* =ms a memoria te*nica1 & may be con/ru$1 ,mutus gave a "n to ! ,coci1 7a p :o h yet to be discov]$47 ,m ,u ,t ,u ,s#b #a #b #c #b #d ,d ,e ,d ,i ,t #e #f #e #g #c ,n ,o ,m ,e ,n #h #i #a #f #h ,c ,o ,c ,i ,s #aj #i #aj #g #d ,arrang+ ^! words 9 y\r m9d on ! table1 take ! fir/ c>d ( ! fir/ pair1 lay x on ,m 9 ,mutus1 & ! second on ! ,m 9 ,nom54 ,! next pair goes entirely 9 ,mutus1 be+ two ,u's4 ,! fir/ c>d ( ! second pair goes on ,t 9 ,mutus1 & ! second on ,t 9 ,d$it2 & s on until all ! c>ds are laid 9 _! places4 ,ask ea* p]son 9 succession 9 :i* r[s 8 c>ds are1 & y c imm$iately po9t !m out4 ,= example1 if he says ! second & ?ird r[1 y po9t out ! second & f\r? c>ds 9 ^? r[s1 because !y bo? repres5t ! lett] ,e4 ,if ano!r says ! fir/ & la/ r[s1 y po9t out ! la/ c>ds 9 ea*1 because ! c>ds repres5t ,s 9 ,mutus & ,s 9 ,cocis4 ,x w be se5 t ! :ole table consi/s ( t5 lett]s1 ea* repeat$1 :i* w always po9t out ! positions ( ! pairs if !y are put 9 ! places ( ^? lett]s4 ,any numb] ( by/&]s may *oose pairs1 & to make ! trick m my/]i\s1 ! pairs may be plac$ on ! table back upw>ds4 #bc4 ,,! ,,que5s ,,digg+ ,,= ,,diamonds4 ,select f a pack ! aces1 k+s1 que5s1 & knaves1 toge!r ) f\r common c>ds ( ea* suit4 ,lay d[n ! f\r que5s 9 a r[1 & say1 ,"h are f\r que5s go+ to dig = diamonds4 7,lay a common diamond ov] ea* que547 ,!y ea* took a spade ) !m 7place a common spade on ea* diamond7 & dug until !y 7 ne>ly tir$4 ,_! f\r k+s1 ?9k+ t !y might be attack$ by robb]s1 s5t f\r soldi]s to keep gu>d4 7,lay an ace on ea* spade47 ,ev5+ came1 & ! que5s _h n return$1 s ! k+s1 fe>+ t !y might h come to h>m1 became uneasy & set (f !mselves4 7,place a k+ on ea* ace47 ,!y 7 only j 9 "t1 = z !y came along1 !y met _! que5s be+ c>ri$ (f by f\r villa9s 7lay a knave on ea* k+71 :o1 al?\gh only arm$ ) clubs 7place a common club on ea* knave71 _h ov]p[]$ ! gu>ds & driv5 !m (f4 ,b ! f\r k+s1 be+ possess$ ( bold he>ts 7lay a common he>t ov] ea* k+71 soon vanqui%$ ! villa9s1 & b\nd !m4 ,ga!r up ! c>ds1 place ! heaps ^u ea* o!r & direct "s "o to cut !m4 ,h !m cut f\r or five times1 & cont9ue to d s until a common he>t appe>s at ! bottom4 ,!n cont9ue ! tale1 & say1 ,! p>ty !n return$ home 9 ! foll[+ ord]4 ,fir/ ! que51 7lay d[n ! top c>d7 ) ! diamonds :i* %e _h f\nd 7lay d[n ! second c>d1 :i* w be a diamond7 9 "o h&1 & h] spade 7! ?ird c>d w be a spade7 9 ! o!r1 c41 c4 ,y cont9ue deal+ out ! c>ds 9 t mann]1 & x w be f\nd t !y w be 9 precisely ! same ord] z :5 !y 7 tak5 up4 #bd4 ,,! ,,triple ,,deal4 ,take any tw5ty-"o c>ds1 & ask "s p]son to *oose "o f !m4 ,lay !m out 9 ?ree heaps1 & ask ! p]son :o took ! c>d 9 :i* heap x is4 ,y may turn y\r back :ile he se>*es4 ,ga!r !m up & put t heap betwe5 ! o!r two4 ,d ?is twice m1 & ! *os5 c>d w always be ! elev5? f ! top4 #be4 ,,! ,,quadruple ,,deal4 ,?is is a v>iation ( ! prec$+4 ,take tw5ty-f\r c>ds1 & lay !m 9 f\r heaps4 ,act z 9 ,no4 #bd1 putt+ ! heap 9 :i* is ! *os5 c>d second4 ,! t5? c>d w be ! "o ?\ght (4 #bf4 ,,! ,,c>d ,,discov]$ ,,by ,,! ,,t\* ,,or ,,smell4 ,(f] ! long c>d1 or any o!r t y ?or\ghly well "k2 &1 z ! p]son :o has drawn x holds x 9 8 h&1 pret5d to feel ! pips or figures on ! "u side ) y\r =e f+]1 or smell x1 & !n sagaci\sly decl>e :at c>d x is4 ,if x be ! long c>d1 y may give ! pack to ! p]son :o drew x1 & all[ him ei!r to replace x or n4 ,!n take ! pack1 & feel :e!r x be !re or n2 %uffle ! c>ds 9 a c>eless mann]1 & )\t look+ at x1 decide accord+ly4 #bg4 ,,! ,,+5i\s ,,conf$]acy4 ,lay sixte5 c>ds on ! table1 9 f\r divisions1 f\r c>ds 9 ea*1 ) _! faces upw>ds4 ,y !n /ate t y w leave ! room1 &1 on y\r return1 w "n any "o c>d :i* may h be5 t\*$ 9 y\r abs5ce1 on "o ( ! company 7y\r conf$]ate7 po9t+ out a passage f any au?or to be read to y1 on y\r return1 by any p]son pres5t4 ,to p]=m ?is trick1 ! c>ds %\ld be plac$ 9 ! ord] 9 :i* !y appe> 9 ! cut ins]t$ on ! next page1 y previ\sly mak+ y\r conf$]ate acqua9t$ ) y\r mode ( proce$+1 :i* is ?us3 ,! c>ds are suppos$ to be divid$ into f\r classes1 z ,a1 ,b1 ,c1 ,d2 y likewise agree to class ev]y?+ 9 ! _w "u ! f\r d5om9ations ( bip$1 quadrup$1 vegetable1 & m9]al3 class ,a /&s = bip$s1 ,b = quadrup$s1 ,c = vegetables1 & ,d = m9]als4 ,ea* class mu/ n[ be subdivid$ 9 ! same mann]3 9 class ,a1 ,no4 #a is ! bip$1 #b ! quadrup$1 #c ! vegetable1 & #d ! m9]al2 & s ) ! o!r classes4 ,:5 p]=m+ ! trick1 y\r conf$]ate mu/ take c>e to select an appropriate passage4 ,= example1 we w suppose ! c>d ,no4 #d to h be5 t\*$1 & t a volume ( ,moore hav+ be5 pres5t$ to y\r conf$]ate to select f1 he gives ! foll[+ l9es to be read3 ,brea!s !re ! slave s l[ly1 ,condemn$ to *a9s unholy1 ,:o1 c\ld he bur/ 8 bonds at fir/1 ,w\ld p9e b5ea? !m sl[ly8 c4 ,! fir/ ^w :i* c be class$ z above is slave1 y may ?us be c]ta9 t ! c>d t\*$ is 9 class ,a1 a slave be+ a bip$4 ,! next ^w y c fix ^u is *a9s1 :i* be+ commonly made ( "s metal1 y rank 9 ! m9]al class1 & "k t c>d ,no4 #d 0 ! "o t\*$1 x be+ ! m9]al ( ! bip$ class4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,b #a #b #e #f -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- #c #d #g #h #i #aj #ac #ad -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- #aa #ab #ae #af ,c ,d ,suppos+ ! trick to be repeat$1 z is v likely1 & t a volume ( ,byron is giv5 to y\r conf$]ate1 :o selects ! passage comm5c+-- ,"k ye ! l&1 :]e ! cypress & myrtle ,are emblems ( de$s t are done 9 _! clime8 c4 y "k1 cypress be+ ! fir/ ^w t c be class$1 ! c>d t\*$ mu/ be 9 class ,c 7vegetable71 & ! next ^w myrtle be+ also a vegetable1 ! c>d t\*$ mu/ h be5 ,no4 #aa1 :i* is ! vegetable ( ! vegetable class4 ,_m appropriate passages may be easily select$1 & y\r conf$]ate %\ld select a long passage to be read1 z x gives great] scope1 & helps to mislead ! re/ ( ! company2 = %\ld !y imag9e t ! c>d is discov]$ by ! numb] ( l9es read1 & !y t\* ! same c>d aga91 he c select ano!r passage1 desir+ !m to read only z _m l9es z !y *oose4 #bi4 ,,hold ,,x ,,fa/4 ,y comm5ce by ask+ ! mo/ a?letic p]son 9 company :e!r he is n]v\s2 he w mo/ probably answ] 9 ! negative2 y !n ask :e!r he ?9ks he c hold a c>d tightly4 ,if he answ]s1 ,no1 ask ! "q ( "s "o else1 till y obta9 an answ] 9 ! affirmative4 ,y !n desire ! p>ty to /& 9 ! middle ( ! room1 & hold+ up ! pack ( c>ds1 y %[ him ! bottom c>d1 & reque/ him to proclaim :at c>d x is2 he w say x is ! knave ( he>ts2 y !n tell him to hold ! c>d tightly at ! bottom1 & look to ! ceil+4 ,:ile he is look+ up1 y ask him if he recollects 8 c>d2 if he says1 ,yes1 desire him to draw x away1 & ask him :at x is2 he w1 ( c\rse1 answ]1 ! knave ( he>ts2 tell him he has made a mi/ake1 = if he look at 8 c>d1 he w f9d x to be ! knave ( spades1 :i* w be ! case4 ,y !n give him ! rema9d] ( ! pack1 tell+ him t if he looks ov] x1 he w f9d ! knave ( he>ts 9 q a diff]5t situation4 ,?is feat1 ?\gh x excites mu* admiration1 is v simple4 ,y procure an extra knave ( he>ts1 & cut x 9 half1 keep+ ! upp] "p1 & ?r[+ away ! l[]4 ,:5 comm5c+ y\r feat1 get ! knave ( spades to ! bottom ( ! pack1 & lay ov] ! upp] "p ( x1 unp]ceiv$1 y\r half knave ( he>ts2 &1 "u pret5ce ( hold+ ! pack v tight1 ?r[ y\r ?umb across ! middle ( ! knave1 s t ! jo9+ may n be p]ceiv$1 = ! legs ( ^? two knaves are s mu* alike t !re is no dang] ( detection4 ,y1 ( c\rse1 give him ! legs ( ! knave ( spades to hold1 & :5 he has drawn ! c>d away1 hold y\r h& s t ! faces ( ! c>ds w be turn$ t[>ds ! floor1 & take an opportunity ( remov+ ! half-knave3 y may v>y ! feat by hav+ a half-knave ( spades4 #cj4 ,,! ,,*>m$ ,,twelve4 ,let any "o take a pack ( c>ds1 %uffle1 take (f ! upp] c>d1 &1 hav+ notic$ x1 lay x on ! table1 ) its face d[nw>d1 & put s _m c>ds ^u x z w make up twelve ) ! numb] ( spots on ! not$ c>d4 ,= in/ance3 if ! c>d :i* ! p]son drew 0 k+1 que5 knave1 or t51 bid him lay t c>d1 ) its face d[nw>d1 call+ x t52 ^u t c>d let him lay ano!r1 call+ x elev51 & ^u t c>d1 ano!r1 call+ x twelve2 !n bid him take (f ! next upp]mo/ c>d3 suppose x to be n9e1 let him lay x d[n on ano!r "p ( ! table1 call+ x n9e1 ^u x let him lay ano!r1 call+ x t51 ^u ! latt] ano!r1 call+ x elev51 & ^u t ano!r1 call+ x twelve2 !n let him g to ! next upp]mo/ c>d1 & s proce$ to lay out 9 heaps1 z be=e1 until he has gone ?r\gh ) ! :ole pack4 ,if !re be any c>ds at ! la/1 t is1 if !re be n en\gh to make up ! la/ not$ c>d1 ! numb] twelve1 bid him give !m to y2 !n1 9 ord] to tell all ! numb] ( spots conta9$ 9 all ! bottom c>ds ( ! heaps1 d ?us3 f ! numb] ( heaps subtract f\r1 multiply ! rema9d] by ?irte51 &1 to ! product1 add ! numb] ( rema9+ c>ds1 :i* he gave y2 b if !re 7 b f\r heaps1 !n ^? rema9+ c>ds alone w %[ ! numb] ( spots on ! f\r bottom c>ds4 ,y ne$ n see ! c>ds laid out1 nor "k ! numb] ( c>ds 9 ea* heap1 x be+ suffici5t to "k ! numb] ( heaps1 & ! numb] ( rema9+ c>ds1 if !re be any1 & !re=e y may p]=m ?is feat z well /&+ 9 ano!r room1 z if y 7 pres5t4 #ca4 ,,! ,,trick ,,( ,,?irty-,,"o4 ,a trick (t5 introduc$ by sport+ m51 = ! purpose ( deceiv+ & mak+ money by x4 ,x is call$ ?irty-"o4 ,i caution all n to play or bet ) a man :o introduces x3 =1 mo/ probably1 if he does n propose bett+ on x at fir/1 he w aft] he gets y int]e/$1 & pret5d to tea* y all ! secrets ( x1 s t y c play x ) him2 & p]haps he w let y beat him if y %\ld play 9 fun2 b if y bet1 he w surely beat y4 ,x is play$ ) ! fir/ six ( ea* suit--! aces 9 "o r[1 ! deuces 9 ano!r1 ! ?rees 9 ano!r2 !n ! f\rs1 fives & sixes--all laid 9 r[s4 ,! object n[ w be to turn d[n c>ds alt]nately1 & endeavor to make ?irty-"o po9ts by s turn+1 or z ne> to x z possible1 )\t ov]runn+ x2 & ! man :o turns d[n a c>d1 ! spots ( :i* make him ?irty-"o1 or s ne> x t ! o!r _c turn d[n "o )\t ov]runn+ x1 w9s4 ,?is trick is v deceiv+1 z all o!r tricks are1 & requires mu* practice to be well und]/ood4 ,! p]sons us+ x ,i h kn[n to atta* great importance to x1 & say t ,mr4 ,fox1 ( ,engl&1 0 ! fir/ to introduce x2 & t x 0 a favorite amusem5t ( 84 ,! *ief po9t ( ?is celebrat$ trick is to c\nt s z to end ) ! foll[+ numb]s1 viz41 #c1 #aj1 #ag or #bd4 ,= example1 we w suppose x y\r privilege to comm5ce ! c\nt3 y w\ld comm5ce ) #c1 & y\r adv]s>y w\ld add #f1 :i* w\ld make #i2 x w\ld !n be y\r policy to add #a1 & make #aj2 !n1 no matt] :at numb] he adds1 he _c prev5t y c\nt+ #ag1 :i* numb] gives y ! comm& ( ! trick4 ,we w suppose he add #f1 & make #af2 !n1 y add #a1 & make #ag1 !n he to add #f1 & make #bc1 y add #a1 & make #bd1 !n he _c possibly add any numb] to c\nt #ca3 z ! highe/ numb] he c add is #f1 :i* w\ld only c\nt #cj1 s t y c easily add ! rema9+ #a1 or ace1 & make #ca4 ,!re are1 h[ev]1 _m v>iations to ! trick4 #cb4 ,,to ,,tell ,,! ,,names ,,( ,,! ,,c>d ,,by ,,! ,,weight4 ,y desire any p]son to cut a pack ( c>ds z (t5 z he pleases1 & und]take1 by weigh+ ea* c>d = a mom5t on y\r f+]1 n only to tell ! color1 b ! suit & numb] ( spots1 &1 if a c\rt-c>d1 :e!r x be k+1 que51 or knave4 ,y mu/ h two packs ( c>ds exactly alike3 "o pack to be con/antly 9 use dur+ ! ev5+ 9 p]=m+ y\r o!r tricks2 ! second1 or prep>$ pack1 9 y\r pocket1 :i* take an opportunity ( ex*ang+1 s t x may be believ$ t ! pack ( c>ds ( :i* y tell ! names is ! same z t y h be5 us+ ) y\r o!r tricks1 & :i* !y mu/ "k h be5 well %uffl$4 ,! mann] ( prep>+ y\r pack 7:i* mu/ be done previ\sly7 is by ! foll[+ l9e1 :i* y commit to memory1 ! words 9 italics =m+ ! key3 ,eight ,k+s ?rea-t5$ to save n9e fair ,ladies = "o sick ,knave4 ,eight ,k+ ?ree t5 two sev5 n9e five ,que5 f\r ace six ,knave1 ,y w p]ceive t ?is is a k9d ( artificial memory1 =m$ by ! circum/ances ( ! initial lett] ( ! words 9 ! l9e & ! names ( ! c>ds be+ id5tical1 z well z ! ne> resemblance ( "s ( ! words4 ,! ^w ?reat5$ is divid$ into two words1 9 ord] t x may answ] = ! ?ree & t52 y %\ld pay att5tion to ?is1 or y w be v likely to =get ! t5 altoge!r1 :i* w\ld set y entirely wrong2 y %\ld likewise commit to memory ! ord] 9 :i* ! suits come viz43 he>ts--spades--diamonds--clubs4 ,y %\ld n[ sep>ate ! diff]5t suits1 & lay !m on ! table1 face upw>ds1 plac+ he>t fir/1 spades next1 diamonds next1 & clubs la/4 ,hav+ done s1 beg9 to sort 7to y\rself71 accord+ to y\r key3 take up ! eight ( he>ts1 plac+ x 9 ! left h& ) its back to ! palm2 !n ! k+ ( spades1 :i* y lay ov] x1 next ! ?ree ( diamonds1 next ! t5 ( clubs1 !n ! two ( he>ts1 & s on1 until y f9i% y\r l9e1 :i* w t]m9ate ) ! knave ( he>ts4 ,y !n take up ! eight ( spades1 & g on 9 ! same way till y come to ! knave ( spades1 :5 y beg9 aga9 ) ! eight ( diamonds1 & g on until y come to ! knave ( diamonds1 & beg9n+ aga9 ) ! eight ( clubs1 y g on until y come to ! knave ( clubs1 :i* f9i%es ! pack1 & :i* is n[ ready = use2 :5 y h made y\r ex*ange1 & br\ght =w>d y\r prep>$ pack1 h& x r\nd to be cut4 ,y n[ want to "k ! fir/ c>d1 z a clue to ! re/2 & !re=e take (f ! top c>d1 & hold+ x up betwe5 y & ! light1 y see :at ! c>d is1 say+ at ! same "t1 t ! old way ( p]=m+ ! trick 0 by do+ s1 b t ?is 0 v easily detect$4 ,hav+ ?us obta9$ a k ( ! fir/ c>d1 :i* we w suppose to be ! t5 ( diamonds1 y !n take ! next c>d on y\r f+]1 & :ile pret5d+ to weigh x1 y h "t to recollect :at is ! next ^w 9 y\r key1 to t5'd1 :i* is to--y consequ5tly "k t ?is c>d is a two2 y mu/ !n recollect :at suit comes aft] diamonds1 :i* is clubs2 y1 !re=e1 decl>e ! c>d y are n[ weigh+ on y\r f+] to be ! two ( clubs2 ! next w ( c\rse be ! sev5 ( he>ts1 ! next to t ! n9e ( spades1 & s on z long z y please4 ,,tricks ,,) ,,c>ds1 ,,t ,,require ,,app>atus4 ,i %all only give "o or two ( ^! tricks1 because1 9 g5]al1 ! app>atus requir$ = c>ds is exce$+ly exp5sive4 ,^? t ,i %all give require b little app>atus1 & any boy ) ! use ( 8 h&s c make x4 #cc4 ,,! ,,c>ds ,,9 ,,! ,,vase4 ,make a vase ) five divisions1 two ( :i* hold an entire pack ( c>ds1 & ! rema9+ ?ree are only l>ge en\gh j to admit "o c>d ea*1 z 9 ! figure4 ,a /rong silk ?read is fa/5$ at ,a1 passes ov] ! ?ree little comp>tm5ts1 ?r\gh ! bottom ( ! vase1 & runn+ ov] two pulleys1 t]m9ates 9 ! weight at ,b4 ,illu/ration ,take ?ree c>ds1 say ! ace ( spades1 ! t5 ( diamonds1 & ! k+ ( he>ts1 out ( a pack ( c>ds1 & put "o into ea* ( ! little divisions press+ ! ?read d[n into ! bottom ( ea* division4 ,if ! c>ds are left1 ! weight w desc5d1 & ! /r+ be+ tight5$1 w pu% ! c>ds upw>ds4 ,s a k9d ( trigg] %elf is made1 on :i* ! weight re/s4 ,! rema9d] ( ! pack y put into division #b4 ,:5 y %[ ! trick1 y take ano!r pack ( c>ds exactly l t :i* is already 9 ! vase1 & h&+ x to ?ree p]sons successively1 compel !m to *oose ! ace ( spades1 ! t5 ( diamonds1 & ! k+ ( he>ts4#c ,let "s "o %uffle ! c>ds1 & :5 ?is is done1 put ! pack into division #a4 ,tell ! spectators t :5 y h /ruck ?ree times on ! table1 ! c>ds w come out ( ! vase4 ,at ! ?ird /roke1 loos5 ! cat* on :i* ! weight /&s1 by means ( ! /r+ t communicates ) y\r table1 & ! ?ree c>ds w rise sl[ly up4 ,9 ord] to %[ t ! c>ds h really vani%$ f ! pack1 take ! pack out ( division #b & let any "o exam9e x4 ,if y pref]1 y c draw ! ?read y\rself1 by hav+ a k9d ( a p$al "u y\r table1 to :i* ! o!r end ( ! /r+ is atta*$1 in/ead ( be+ fa/5$ to ! weight ,b4 ,if y pref] ! weight1 y mu/ h a small %elf = ! weight to re/ ^u1 :5 x has desc5d$ suffici5tly l[1 or ! c>ds w be =c$ entirely out by ! ?read4 ,c is a repres5tation ( "o ( ! divisions1 %[+ ! semi-circul> cut t is made 9 !m = ! conv5i5ce ( tak+ out ! c>ds4 #cd4 ,,! ,,metamorphosis4 ,9 ?is mo/ excell5t trick y *oose f ! pack ! f\r eights & ! two ( diamonds2 y put ! f\r eights 9 y\r left h& & ! two on ! table2 y take 9 ! two1 plac+ an eight on ! table1 & !y are all twos4 ,y ex*ange ! two = ! eight1 & !y all become black c>ds2 y aga9 ex*ange ! eight = ! two1 & !y all turn r$2 & aft] aga9 ex*ang+1 y h1 z be=e1 ! f\r eights & ! two ( diamonds4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #a ,! me?od ( accompli%+ ?is trick is z foll[s3 ,get ?ree pla9 :ite c>ds1 exactly l play+ c>ds1 & pa9t !m z 9 ! engrav+4 ,mix !m ) an ord9>y pack1 & :5 y are se>*+ = ! f\r eights1 ) :i* y say y are go+ to p]=m a trick1 take !m f ! pack1 & ) !m an ord9>y eight ( clubs & a two ( diamonds4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #b ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #c ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #d ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #e ,%[ ! c>ds z 9 fig4 #b1 mak+ ! spectators obs]ve t !re are ! f\r eights4 ,put ! two ( diamonds beh9d ! eight ( clubs1 & lay ! eight on ! table4 ,! two mu/ be ins]t$ be=e ! eight is remov$1 or ! my/]y ( ! m>k+ w be app>5t4 ,close ! c>ds1 turn !m ov]1 & spread !m out1 :5 !y w appe> z 9 ,fig4 #c4 ,take 9 ! eight & lay ! two on ! table2 close ! c>ds1 & :ile %uffl+ !m1 turn c>d ,no4 #b ! o!r way upw>ds4 ,! c>ds w !n all appe> black1 z 9 ,fig4 #d4 ,take 9 ! two & remove ! eight1 turn !m ov]1 & spread !m out1 :5 !y w appe> all r$1 z 9 ,fig4 #e4 ,f9ally1 take ! eight1 replac+ ! two on ! table1 rev]se ,no4 #b1 & y w h ! f\r eights & ! two ( diamonds1 j z !y 7 at fir/4 ,y mu/ inv5t pl5ty ( talk dur+ y\r *anges4 ,if ! spectators say t ! c>ds are d\ble1 spread !m out1 & hold !m up to ! light1 7= ! light _c p5etrate ?r\gh ! places :]e ! c>ds are plac$ ov] ea* o!r17 & if !y are /ill skeptical1 h& !m ! two ( diamonds to look at1 & 9 a mom5t or two h& !m ! eight ( clubs1 ask+ !m :e!r !y w\ld l to exam9e a black c>d also4 ,?is w effectually dis>m suspicion4 #ce4 ,,to ,,hold ,,f\r ,,k+s ,,or ,,f\r ,,knaves ,,9 ,,y\r ,,h&1 ,,& ,,to ,,*ange ,,!m ,,sudd5ly ,,into ,,blank ,,c>ds1 ,,& ,,!n ,,to ,,f\r ,,aces4 ,x is necess>y to h c>ds made on purpose = ?is trick2 half c>ds1 z !y may be prop]ly t]m$1 t is1 "o half k+s or knaves1 & ! o!r half aces4 ,:5 y lay ! aces "o ov] ! o!r1 ( c\rse no?+ b ! k+s or knaves c be se52 & on turn+ ! k+s or knaves d[nw>d1 ! f\r aces w make _! appe>ance4 ,y mu/ h two p]fect c>ds1 "o a k+ or knave1 to put ov] "o ( ! aces1 else x w be se52 & ! o!r an ace1 to lay ov] ! k+s or knaves4 ,:5 y wi% to make !m all appe> blank1 lay ! c>ds a little l[]1 & by hid+ ! aces1 !y w appe> :ite on bo? sides2 y may !n ask :i* !y wi% to h1 & may %[ k+s1 aces1 or knaves1 z !y are call$ =4 #cf4 ,,to ,,*ange ,a ,,c>d ,,9 ,a ,,p]son',s ,,h&4 ,cut v neatly ! spots f a ?ree ( spades4 ,lay ! pi]c$ c>d on an ace ( diamonds1 & rub pomatum on ! ace ( diamonds ?r\gh ! places :i* ! spades occupi$4 ,remove ! pi]c$ c>d1 & spr9kle ! ace ( diamonds ) jet p[d]1 :i* adh]+ to ! pomatum1 w trans=m ! c>d into a ?ree ( spades4 ,place ! trans=m$ c>d at ! bottom ( ! pack1 & %[ a p]son :at c>d x is4 ,make him decl>e x t e "o may he>1 !n place x on ! table1 face d[nw>ds1 & pu% x ov] ! clo? to ! spectator1 :i* action w rub (f all ! jet p[d]4 ,tell him to place 8 h& on ! c>d4 ,let a ?ree ( spades be at ! top ( ! pack1 & an ace ( diamonds ! second f ! bottom4 ,%[ ano!r p]son ! ace ( diamonds1 & ask him to tell ! "n ( ! c>d op5ly4 ,put ! pack d[n1 face d[nw>ds1 & 9 s do+ make ! pass1 & br+ ! ?ree ( spades to ! bottom4 ,tap ! h& ( ! p]son :o is gu>d+ ! c>d1 & !n tell him to take up ! c>d & %[ x to ! spectators1 :5 x w be se5 to be ! ace ( diamonds4 ,simultane\sly1 y take up ! pack1 & %[ ! ?ree ( spades at ! bottom4 #cg4 ,,! ,,c>d ,,9 ,,! ,,egg4 ,to p]=m ?is feat1 provide a r\nd holl[ /ick1 ab\t t5 in*es long & ?ree qu>t]s ( an in* 9 diamet]1 ! holl[ be+ ?ree eigh?s ( an in* 9 diamet]4 ,also1 h ano!r r\nd /ick to fit ?is holl[1 & slide 9 x easily1 ) a knob to prev5t its com+ ?r\gh4 ,our "y read]s w cle>ly und]/& our mean+1 :5 we say1 t 9 all respects x mu/ resemble a pop-gun1 ) ! s+le exception t ! /ick :i* fits ! tube1 mu/ be ( ! full l5g? ( ! tube exclusively ( ! knob4 ,next /eep a c>d 9 wat] = a qu>t] ( an h\r1 peel (f ! face ( x1 & d\ble x twice across1 till x becomes "o f\r? ( ! l5g? ( a c>d1 !n roll x up tightly1 & ?ru/ x up ! tube till x becomes ev5 ) ! bottom4 ,y !n ?ru/ 9 ! /ick at ! o!r end ( ! tube till x j t\*es ! c>d4 ,hav+ ?us provid$ y\r magic w&1 let x lie on ! table until y h occasion to make use ( x1 b be c>eful n to all[ any p]son h&le x4 ,n[ take a pack ( c>ds1 & let any p]son draw "o2 b be sure to let x be a simil> c>d to ! "o :i* y h 9 ! holl[ /ick4 ,?is mu/ be done by =c+4 ,! p]son :o has *os5 x w put x into ! pack aga91 &1 :ile y are %uffl+1 y let x fall into y\r lap4 ,!n1 call+ = "s eggs1 desire ! p]son :o drew ! c>d1 or any o!r p]son 9 ! company1 to *oose any "o ( ! eggs4 ,:5 he has done s1 ask if !re be any?+ 9 x8 ,he w answ] !re is n4 ,place ! egg 9 a sauc]2 break x ) ! w&1 & press+ ! knob ) ! palm ( y\r "r h&1 ! c>d w be driv5 into ! egg4 ,!n %[ x to ! spectators4 ,a great improvem5t may be made 9 ?is feat1 by pres5t+ ! p]son :o draws ! c>d ) a sauc] & a pair ( =ceps1 & in/ead ( 8 return+ ! c>d to ! pack1 desire him to take x by ! corn] ) ! =ceps & burn x1 b to take c>e & pres]ve ! a%es2 = ?is purpose y pres5t him ) a piece ( pap] 7prep>$ z h]eaft] describ$71 :i* he lights at ! c&le2 b a few seconds aft]1 & be=e he c set ! c>d on fire1 x w sudd5ly divide 9 ! middle & spr+ back1 burn+ 8 f+]s if he d n drop x quickly4 ,h ano!r pap] ready & desire him to try t2 :5 he w mo/ likely beg to be excus$1 & w pref] light+ x ) ! c&le4 ,:5 ! c>d is consum$1 say t y d n wi% to fix ^u any p>ticul> p]son 9 company to *oose an egg1 le/ x might be suspect$ he 0 a conf$]ate2 !re=e1 reque/ any two ladies 9 company to *oose ea* an egg1 & hav+ done s1 to decide betwe5 !mselves :i* %all conta9 ! c>d2 :5 ?is is done1 take a second sauc]1 & 9 x receive ! reject$ egg1 break x ) y\r w&1 & %[ ! egg r\nd to ! company2 at ! same "t draw+ _! att5tion to ! fact ( ^? two eggs hav+ be5 *os5 f among a numb] ( o!rs1 & ( its n be+ possible = y to h told :i* ( !m w\ld be ! *os5 "o4 ,y n[ receive ! *os5 egg 9 ! sauc] conta9+ ! a%es1 & hav+ roll$ x ab\t until y h black$ x a little1 bl[ ! a%es f ar\nd x into ! grate2 y !n break ! egg ) ! same w&1 :51 on t\*+ ! spr+1 ! c>d w be f\nd 9 ! egg4 ,! me?od ( prep>+ ! pap] m5tion$ 9 ! above feat is z foll[s3 ,take a piece ( lett] pap]1 ab\t six in*es 9 l5g? & ?ree qu>t]s ( an in* 9 bread?1 fold x longitud9ally1 & ) a knife cut x 9 ! crease ab\t five in*es d[n2 !n take "o ( ! sides :i* are /ill connect$ at ! bottom1 & ) ! back ( ! knife "u x1 & ! ?umb ( ! "r h& ov] x1 curl x outw>ds z a boy w\ld ! tassels ( 8 kite2 repeat ! same process ) ! o!r side1 & lay !m by = use4 ,:5 ab\t us+ !m1 7b n till !n1 z ! pap]s w soon lose _! curl if /ret*$17 draw !m up s z to make !m _! orig9al l5g?1 & turn ! ends ov] a little1 9 ord] t !y may rema9 s2 :5 set on fire1 !y w burn = a m9ute or two1 until ! turn-ov] is burnt out1 :5 ! light$ ends w turn ov] quickly1 burn+ ! f+]s ( ! hold]3 ?is "p ( ! trick nev] fails to excite ! greate/ m]rim5t4 #ch4 ,,! ,,fifte5 ,,?\s& ,,livres4 ,illu/ration ,= ?is trick1 prep>e two c>ds l ! accompany+ engrav+2 & h a common ace & five ( diamonds4 ,hold d[n ! five ( diamonds & ! two prep>$ c>ds1 z %[n 9 ! next engrav+2 & say1 ,a c]ta9 ,fr5*man left fifte5 ?\s& livres1 :i* are repres5t$ by ^! ?ree c>ds1 to 8 ?ree sons2 ! two y\nge/ agre$ to leave _! five ?\s&1 ea* ( !m1 9 ! h&s ( ! eld]1 t he might improve x4 ,:ile y are tell+ ?is /ory lay ! five on ! table1 & put ! ace 9 its place2 at ! same "t artfully *ange ! position ( ! o!r two c>ds1 s t ! ?ree c>ds appe> z 9 ?is engrav+4 ,!n1 resum+ ! tale1 relate t ,! elde/ bro!r1 in/ead ( improv+ ! money1 lo/ x all by gam+1 except ?ree ?\s& livres1 z y "h see 7lay+ ! ace on ! table1 & tak+ up ! five74 ,sorry = hav+ lo/ ! money1 he w5t to ! ,ea/ ,indies ) ^! ?ree ?\s&1 & br\ght back fifte5 ?\s&4 ,!n %[ ! c>ds 9 ! same position z at fir/4 ,to r5d] ?is deception agreeable1 x mu/ be p]=m$ ) dext]ity1 & %\ld n be repeat$1 b ! c>ds imm$iately put 9 ! packet2 & y %\ld h five common c>ds ready to %[1 if any "o desire to see !m4 ,,h9ts ,,to ,,amateurs4 ,! foll[+ h9ts are ( consid]able importance to ! amateur exhibitor4 #a4 ,nev] acqua9t ! company be=eh& ) ! p>ticul>s ( ! feat y are ab\t to p]=m1 z x w give !m "t to discov] y\r mode ( op]ation4 #b4 ,endeavor1 z mu* z possible1 to acquire v>i\s me?ods ( p]=m+ ! same feat1 9 ord] t if y %\ld be likely to fail 9 "o1 or h reason to believe t y\r op]ations are suspect$1 y may be prep>$ ) ano!r4 #c4 ,nev] yield to ! reque/ ( any "o to repeat ! same feat1 z y !reby haz>d ! detection ( y\r mode ( op]ation2 b d n absolutely refuse1 z t w\ld appe> ungraci\s4 ,promise to p]=m x 9 a diff]5t way1 & !n exhibit ano!r :i* some:at resembles x4 ,?is maneuv] seldom fails to answ] ! purpose4 #d4 ,nev] v5ture on a feat requir+ manual dext]ity1 till y h previ\sly practic$ x s (t51 z to acquire ! necess>y exp]tness4 #e4 ,z div]t+ ! att5tion ( ! company f too closely inspect+ y\r maneuv]s is a mo/ important object1 y %\ld manage to talk to !m dur+ ! :ole c\rse ( y\r proce$+s4 ,x is ! plan ( vulg> op]ators to gabble un9telligible j>gon1 & attribute _! feats to "s extraord9>y & my/]i\s influ5ce4 ,!re are few p]sons at ! pres5t day cr$ul\s en\gh to believe su* tra%1 ev5 among ! ru/ic & mo/ ignorant2 b1 z ! y\? ( matur] ye>s might inadv]t5tly be tempt$ to pursue ?is me?od1 :ile exhibit+ 8 skill be=e 8 y\ng] companions1 x may n be deem$ sup]flu\s to caution him aga9/ su* a proc$ure4 ,he may /ate1 & truly1 t ev]y?+ he exhibits c be acc\nt$ = on rational pr9ciples1 & is only 9 ob$i5ce to ! un]r+ laws ( ,nature2 & al?\gh we h j caution$ him aga9/ enabl+ ! company !mselves to detect 8 op]ations1 !re c be no objection 7p>ticul>ly :5 ! p>ty comprises _m y\ng] ?an himself7 to occasionally %[ by :at simple means ! mo/ app>5tly m>vel\s feats are accompli%$4 ,,cure ,,= ,,tr\blesome ,,spectators4 ,x w sometimes happ5 at an e>ly /age ( ! p]=mance1 t ! ultimate success ( ! :ole is likely to be endang]$ by a tr\blesome p]son1 7g5]ally a naughty boy17 :o w p]si/ 9 cry+ out1 ,i "k h[ x is done6--at ! same "t cont9ually advanc+ to ! table1 f :i* x is1 ( c\rse1 ! bus9ess ( ! conjur] to keep 8 y\?ful admir]s4 ,%\ld ?is be ! case1 ! magic :i/les may be produc$1 & ! rem>k made1 t n[ ! tr\blesome boy %all %[ ! company a trick4 ,hav+ tak5 up "o ( ! :i/les1 :i* has previ\sly be5 fill$ ) fl\r or magnesia1 du/ or soot1 proce$ to give a few directions1 p>ticul>ly impress+ on him ! necessity ( bl[+ h>d1 because ! :i/le y place 9 8 h& is p]=at$ ) a numb] ( holes4 ,! w\ld-be magician is1 !re=e1 excessively mortifi$1 on apply+ 8 m\? & bl[+ h>d1 to receive ! p[d] 9 8 face4 ,any turn] w make su* a :i/le1 x be+ no?+ m ?an ! usual %ap$ toy p]=at$ at ! top ) a numb] ( holes4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,! ,,secret ,,( ,,v5triloquism4 ,! ma9 secret ( ?is surpris+ art simply consi/s 9 fir/ mak+ a /rong1 deep inspiration1 by :i* a consid]able quantity ( air is introduc$ into ! lungs1 to be aft]w>ds act$ ^u by ! flexible p[]s ( ! l>ynx1 or cavity situat$ beh9d ! tongue1 & ! tra*ea1 or w9dpipe2 ?us prep>$1 ! expiration %\ld be sl[ & gradual4 ,any p]son1 by practice1 c1 !re=e1 obta9 m or less exp]tness 9 ?is ex]cise2 9 :i*1 ?\gh n app>5tly1 ! voice is /ill modifi$ by ! m\? & tongue2 & x is 9 ! concealm5t ( ?is aid1 t mu* ( ! p]fection ( v5triloquism lies4 ,b ! di/9ctive "* ( v5triloquism consi/s 9 its imitations be+ p]=m$ by ! voice seem+ to come f ! /oma*3 h5ce its "n1 f v5t]1 ! /oma*1 & loquor1 to speak4 ,al?\gh ! voice does n actually come f t region1 9 ord] to enable ! v5triloqui/ to utt] s\nds f ! l>ynx )\t mov+ ! muscles ( 8 face1 he /r5g!ns !m by a p[]ful action ( ! abdom9al muscles4 ,h5ce1 he speaks by means ( 8 /oma*2 al?\gh ! ?roat is ! real s\rce f :5ce ! s\nd proce$s4 ,x %\ld1 h[ev]1 be add$1 t ?is speak+ di/9ctly1 )\t any movem5t ( ! lips at all1 is ! highe/ p]fection ( v5triloquism1 & has b r>ely be5 obta9$4 ,?us1 ,,mm4 ,/4 ,gille & ,l\is ,brabant1 two celebrat$ ,fr5* v5triloqui/s1 appe>$ to be absolutely mute :ile ex]cis+ _! art1 & no *ange 9 _! c\nt5ances c\ld be discov]$4 ,x has lately be5 %[n1 t "s v5triloqui/s h acquir$ by practice ! p[] ( ex]cis+ ! veil ( ! palate 9 su* a mann]1 t1 by rais+ or depress+ x1 !y dilate or contract ! inn] no/rils4 ,if !y are closely contract$1 ! s\nd produc$ is weak1 dull1 & seems to be m or less di/ant2 if1 on ! contr>y1 ^! cavities are widely dilat$1 ! s\nd w be /r5g!n$1 ! voice become l\d1 & app>5tly close to u4 ,ano!r ( ! secrets ( v5triloquism1 is ! unc]ta9ty ) respect to ! direction ( s\nds4 ,?us1 if we place a man & a *ild 9 ! same angle ( unc]ta9ty1 & ! man speaks ) ! acc5t ( a *ild1 )\t any correspond+ motion 9 8 m\? or face1 we %all necess>ily believe t ! voice comes f ! *ild4 ,9 ?is case1 ! belief is /r5g!n$ by ! imag9ation2 = if we 7 direct$ to a /atue1 z ! s\rce f :i* we 7 to expect s\nds to issue1 we %\ld /ill be deceiv$1 & ref] ! s\nds to ! lifeless /one or m>ble4 ,?is illusion w be greatly assi/$ by ! voice be+ totally diff]5t 9 tone & "* f t ( ! man f :om x really comes4 ,?us1 we see h[ easy is ! deception :5 ! s\nds are requir$ to proce$ f any giv5 objects1 & are su* z !y actually yield4 ,! v5triloqui/s ( our "t h c>ri$ _! art /ill fur!r4 ,!y h n only spok5 by ! muscles ( ! ?roat & ! abdom51 )\t mov+ ^? ( ! face1 b h s f> ov]come ! unc]ta9ty ( s\nd1 z to become acqua9t$ ) modifications ( di/ance1 ob/ruction1 & o!r causes1 s z to imitate !m ) ! greate/ accuracy4 ,?us1 ea* ( ^! arti/s has succe$$ 9 c>ry+ on a dialogue2 & ea*1 9 8 own s+le p]son & ) 8 own s+le voice1 has repres5t$ a sc5e app>5tly ) sev]al actors4 ,^! v5triloqui/s h likewise possess$ su* p[] ov] _! faces & figures t1 aid$ by rapid *anges ( dress1 _! p]sonal id5tity has sc>cely be5 recogniz$ among ! range ( p]sonations4 ,vocal imitations are mu* less /rik+ & +5i\s ?an ! feats ( v5triloquism4 ,extraord9>y v>ieties ( voice may be produc$1 by speak+ ) a m acute or grave pit* ?an usual1 & by diff]5t contractions ( ! m\?4 ,?us may be imitat$ ! gr9d+ ( cutl]y on a :eel1 ! saw+ ( wood1 ! fry+ ( a pancake1 ! uncork+ ( a bottle1 & ! gurgl+ noise 9 empty+ its cont5ts4 ,,footnotes3 ,footnote #b3 ,! figures repres5t ! pairs1 i4 e41 ! #a "u ,m signifies t ,m belongs to ! fir/ pair4 ,footnote #c3 ,?is may be done by mak+ ! pass4 ,,! ,,magic ,,( ,,*emi/ry4 ,illu/ration ,*emi/ry is "o ( ! mo/ attractive sci5ces4 ,f ! beg9n+ to ! end1 ! /ud5t is surpris$ & delight$ ) ! developm5ts ( ! exact discrim9ation1 z well z ! p[] & capacity1 :i* are display$ 9 v>i\s =ms ( *emical action4 ,dissolve two sub/ances 9 ! same fluid1 & !n by evaporation1 or o!rwise1 cause !m to reassume a solid =m1 & ea* p>ticle w unite ) its own k9d1 to ! entire exclusion ( all o!rs4 ,?us1 if sulphate ( copp] & c>bonate ( soda are dissolv$ 9 boil+ wat]1 & !n ! wat] is evaporat$1 ea* salt w be re-=m$ z be=e4 ,?is ph5om5on is ! result ( "o ( ! fir/ pr9ciples ( ! sci5ce1 & z su* is pass$ ov] )\t ?\ght2 b x is a wond]ful ph5om5on1 & made ( no acc\nt only by ! fact t x is s common & s famili>4 ,x is by ! action ( ?is same pr9ciple1 *emical aff9ity1 t we produce ! curi\s exp]im5ts ) ,,sympa!tic ,,inks4 ,by means ( ^!1 we may c>ry on a correspond5ce :i* is beyond ! discov]y ( all n 9 ! secret4 ,) "o class ( ^! inks1 ! writ+ becomes visible only :5 moi/5$ ) a p>ticul> solution4 ,?us1 if we write to y ) a solution ( sulphate ( iron1 ! lett]s are invisible4 ,on ! receipt ( our lett]1 y rub ov] ! %eet a fea!r or sponge1 wet ) a solution ( nut-galls1 & ! lett]s bur/ =? into s5sible be+ at once1 & are p]man5t4 #b4 ,if we write ) a solution ( sug> ( lead1 & y moi/5 ) a sponge or p5cil dipp$ 9 wat] impregnat$ ) sulphurett$ hydrog51 ! lett]s w appe> ) metallic brilliancy4 #c4 ,if we write ) a weak solution ( sulphate ( copp]1 & y apply ammonia1 ! lett]s assume a beautiful blue4 ,:5 ! ammonia evaporates1 z x does on exposure to ! sun or fire1 ! writ+ disappe>s1 b may be reviv$ aga9 z be=e4 #d4 ,if y write ) oil ( vitriol v mu* dilut$1 s z to prev5t its de/roy+ ! pap]1 ! manuscript w be invisible except :5 held to ! fire1 :5 ! lett]s w appe> black4 #e4 ,write ) cobalt dissolv$ 9 dilut$ muriatic acid2 ! lett]s w be invisible :5 cold1 b :5 w>m$ !y w appe> a blui% gre54 ,we are almo/ sure t our secrets ?us writt5 w n be br\ght to ! k ( a /rang]1 because he does n "k ! solution :i* 0 us$ 9 writ+1 & !re=e kn[s n :at to apply to br+ out ! lett]s4 ,o!r =ms ( elective aff9ity produce equally novel results4 ,?us1 two invisible gases1 :5 comb9$1 =m sometimes a visible solid4 ,muriatic acid & ammonia are examples1 also ammonia & c>bonic acid4 ,on ! o!r h&1 if a solution ( sulphate ( soda be mix$ ) a solution ( muriate ( lime1 ! :ole becomes solid4 ,"s gases :5 unit$ =m liquids1 z oxyg5 & hydrog51 :i* unite & =m wat]4 ,"s solids1 :5 comb9$1 =m liquids4 ,*emical aff9ity is sometimes call$ elective1 or ! effect ( *oice1 z if "o sub/ance ex]t$ a k9d ( pref]5ce = ano!r1 & *ose to be unit$ to x r ?an to t ) :i* x 0 previ\sly comb9$2 ?us1 if y p\r "s v9eg>1 :i* is a weak acetic acid1 ^u "s pe>la%1 7a comb9ation ( potassa & c>bonic acid17 or "s c>bonate ( soda1 7a comb9ation ( ! same acid ) soda17 a viol5t eff]vesc5ce w take place1 occasion$ by ! escape ( ! c>bonic acid1 displac$ 9 consequ5ce ( ! pota% or soda pref]r+ ! acetic acid1 & =m+ a comp\nd call$ an acetate4 ,!n1 if "s sulphuric acid be p\r$ on ?is new comp\nd1 ! acetic acid w 9 its turn be displac$ by ! great] atta*m5t ( ei!r ( ! bases1 z !y are t]m$1 = ! sulphuric acid4 ,aga91 if into a solution ( blue vitriol1 7a comb9ation ( sulphuric acid ) oxide ( copp]17 ! bright blade ( a knife be introduc$1 ! knife w spe$ily be cov]$ ) a coat ( copp]1 deposit$ 9 consequ5ce ( ! acid pref]r+ ! iron ( :i* ! knife is made1 a quantity ( x be+ dissolv$ 9 exact proportion to ! quantity ( copp] deposit$4 ,illu/ration ,x is on ! same pr9ciple t a v beautiful prep>ation1 call$ a silv]-tree1 or a lead-tree1 may be =m$1 ?us3 ,fill a wide bottle1 capable ( hold+ f half a p9t to a p9t1 ) a tol]ably /rong solution ( nitrate ( silv]1 7lun> cau/ic17 or acetate ( lead1 9 pure di/ill$ wat]2 !n atta* a small piece ( z9c by a /r+ to ! cork or /opp] ( ! bottle1 s t ! z9c %all hang ab\t ! middle ( ! bottle1 & set x by :]e x may be q undi/urb$2 9 a %ort "t1 brilliant plates ( silv] or lead1 z ! case may be1 w be se5 to collect ar\nd ! piece ( z9c1 assum+ m or less ( ! cry/all9e =m4 ,?is is a case ( elective aff9ity2 ! acid ) :i* ! silv] or lead 0 unit$ pref]s ! z9c to ei!r ( ^? metals1 & 9 consequ5ce disc>ds !m 9 ord] to atta* ! z9c to itself2 & ?is process w cont9ue until ! :ole ( ! z9c is tak5 up1 or ! :ole ( ! silv] or lead deposit$4 ,aga91 _m animal & vegetable sub/ances consi/ = ! mo/ "p ( c>bon or *>coal1 unit$ ) oxyg5 & hydrog5 9 ! proportion :i* =ms wat]4 ,n[ oil ( vitriol 7/rong sulphuric acid7 has s p[]ful an aff9ity1 or s great a ?ir/ = wat]1 t x w ab/ract x f almo/ any body 9 :i* x exi/s2 if y !n p\r "s ( ?is acid on a lump ( sug>1 or place a *ip ( wood 9 x1 ! sug> or wood w spe$ily become q black1 or be *>r$1 z x is call$1 9 consequ5ce ( ! oxyg5 & hydrog5 be+ remov$ by ! sulphuric acid1 & only ! c>bon1 or *>coal1 left4 ,:5 ,cleopatra dissolv$ pe>ls ( wondr\s value 9 v9eg>1 %e 0 exhibit+ unwitt+ly an in/ance ( *emical elective aff9ity2 ! pe>l be+ simply c>bonate ( lime1 :i* 0 decompos$ by ! great] aff9ity or fondness ( lime = its new acqua9tance1 7! acetic acid ( ! v9eg>17 ?an = ! c>bonic acid1 ) :i* x _h be5 unit$ all its life2 an example ( incon/ancy 9 /rong contra/ ) ! conduct ( its own]1 :o *ose dea? r ?an become ! mi/ress ( h] lov]'s conqu]or4 ,,exp]im5ts ,,on ,,combu/ion4 ,into an ord9>y w9e bottle put "s pieces ( granulat$ z9c1 & p\r on !m a mixture ( sulphuric acid & wat]1 9 ! proportion ( ab\t "o "p ( acid to f\r ( wat]1 !n close ! bottle ) a cork hav+ a hole bor$ ?r\gh ! middle1 9 :i* a piece ( glass tube is ins]t$2 wait "s m9utes t ! atmosph]ic air 9 ! bottle may be expell$ by ! hydrog5 gas set free by ! decomposition ( ! wat]1 !n apply a light$ tap] to ! end ( ! tube1 :5 ! gas w inflame1 giv+ out s little light z to be b>ely visible by daylight1 b produc+ s int5se a heat t a piece ( plat9um wire in/antly becomes :ite hot :5 held 9 ! flame4 ,if y hold a glass tumbl] inv]t$ ov] ! flame1 x becomes cov]$ ) m9ute drops ( wat]1 ! result ( ! union ( ! hydrog5 ) ! oxyg5 ( ! air1 & 9 ?is case wat] is ! only product4 ,if a piece ( *>coal1 :i* is pure c>bon or ne>ly s1 be ignit$1 & introduc$ into a j>1 conta9+ oxyg5 or common atmosph]ic air1 ! product w be c>bonic acid gas only4 ,z mo/ combu/ible bodies conta9 bo? c>bon & hydrog51 ! result ( _! comb9ation is c>bonic acid & wat]4 ,?is is ! case ) ! gas us$ = illum9ation2 & 9 ord] to prev5t ! wat] s produc$ f spoil+ goods 9 %ops1 v>i\s plans h be5 devis$ = c>ry+ (f ! wat] :5 9 ! /ate ( /eam4 ,?is is g5]ally accompli%$ by susp5d+ ov] ! burn]s glass bells1 communicat+ ) tubes op5+ into ! *imney1 or pass+ outside ! h\se4 ,to %[ t oxyg51 or "s equival5t1 is necess>y = ! support ( combu/ion1 fix two or ?ree pieces ( wax tap] on flat pieces ( cork1 & set !m float+ on wat] 9 a s\p-plate1 light !m1 & inv]t ov] !m a glass j>2 z !y burn1 ! heat produc$ may p]haps at fir/ exp& ! air s z to =ce a small quantity out ( ! j>1 b ! wat] w soon rise 9 ! j>1 & cont9ue to d s until ! tap]s expire1 :5 y w f9d t a consid]able portion ( ! air has disappe>$1 & :at rema9s w no long] support flame2 t is1 ! oxyg5 has be5 conv]t$ p>tly into wat]1 & p>tly into c>bonic acid gas1 by unit+ ) ! c>bon & hydrog5 ( :i* ! tap] consi/s1 & ! rema9+ air is pr9cipally nitrog51 ) "s c>bonic acid3 ! pres5ce ( ! latt] may be prov$ by decant+ "s ( ! rema9+ air into a bottle1 & !n %ak+ "s lime-wat] ) x1 :i* w absorb ! c>bonic acid & =m *alk4 ,into an ale-glass1 two ?irds full ( wat] at ab\t #adj1 drop "o or two pieces ( phosphorus ab\t ! size ( peas1 & !y w rema9 unalt]$4 ,!n take a bladd] conta9+ oxyg5 gas1 to :i* is atta*$ a /op-cock & a long f9e tube2 pass ! end ( ! tube to ! bottom ( ! wat]1 turn ! /op-cock1 & press ! bladd] g5tly2 z ! gas rea*es ! phosphorus x w take fire1 & burn "u ! wat] ) a brilliant flame1 fill+ ! glass ) brilliant fla%es ( light da%+ ?r\gh ! wat]4 ,illu/ration ,into ano!r glass put "s cold wat]2 introduce c>efully "s ( ! salt call$ *lorate ( potassa1 ^u t drop a piece ( phosphorus2 !n let "s /rong sulphuric acid 7oil ( vitriol7 trickle sl[ly d[n ! side ( ! glass1 or introduce x by means ( a dropp+ bottle4 ,z soon z x t\*es ! salt x decomposes x1 & lib]ates a gas :i* ignites ! phosphorus1 produc+ mu* ! same appe>ance z 9 ! la/ exp]im5t4 ,into ! half ( a brok5 phial put "s *lorate ( potassa1 & p\r 9 "s oil ( vitriol4 ,! phial w soon be fill$ ) a heavy gas ( a deep yell[ color4 ,tie a small te/ tube at "r angles to ! end ( a /ick n less ?an a y>d long1 put a little e!r into ! tube1 & p\r x g5tly into ! phial ( gas1 :5 an in/antane\s explosion w take place1 & ! e!r w be set on fire4 ,?is exp]im5t %\ld be p]=m$ 9 a place :]e !re are no articles ( furniture to be damag$1 z ! +r$i5ts are (t5 scatt]$ by ! explosion1 & ! oil ( vitriol de/roys all animal & vegetable sub/ances4 ,into a j> conta9+ oxyg5 gas1 introduce a coil ( s(t iron wire1 susp5d$ to a cork t fits ! neck ( ! j>1 & hav+ atta*$ a small piece ( *>coal to ! l[] "p ( ! wire1 ignite ! *>coal4 ,! iron w take fire & burn ) a brilliant light1 ?r[+ out bright sc9tillations1 :i* are oxide ( iron1 =m$ by ! union ( ! gas ) ! iron2 & !y are s int5sely hot1 t "s ( !m w probably melt _! way into ! sides ( ! j>1 if n ?r\gh !m4 ,illu/ration ,b by f> ! mo/ int5se heat1 & mo/ brilliant light1 may be produc$ by introduc+ a piece ( phosphorus into a j> ( oxyg54 ,! phosphorus may be plac$ 9 a small copp] cup1 ) a long h&le ( ?ick wire pass+ ?r\gh a hole 9 a cork t fits ! j>4 ,! phosphorus mu/ fir/ be ignit$2 & z soon z x is introduc$ into ! oxyg51 x gives out a light s brilliant t no eye c be> x1 & ! :ole j> appe>s fill$ ) an int5sely lum9\s atmosph]e4 ,x is well to dilute ! oxyg5 ) ab\t "o f\r? "p ( common air1 to mod]ate ! int5se heat1 :i* is ne>ly c]ta9 to break ! j>1 if pure oxyg5 is us$4 ,! foll[+ exp]im5t %[s ! production ( heat by *emical action alone4 ,bruise "s fre% prep>$ cry/als ( nitrate ( copp]1 spread !m ov] a piece ( t9 foil1 spr9kle !m ) a little wat]2 !n fold up ! foil tightly1 z rapidly z possible1 & 9 a m9ute or two x w become r$ hot1 ! t9 app>5tly burn+ away4 ,?is heat is produc$ by ! en]getic action ( ! t9 on ! nitrate ( copp]1 tak+ away its oxyg5 9 ord] to unite ) ! nitric acid1 = :i*1 z well z = ! oxyg51 ! t9 has a mu* great] aff9ity ?an ! copp] has4 ,illu/ration ,combu/ion )\t flame may be %[n 9 a v elegant & agreeable mann]1 by mak+ a coil ( plat9um wire by twi/+ x r\nd ! /em ( a tobacco pipe1 or any cyl9drical body1 = a doz5 times or s1 leav+ ab\t an in* /raight1 :i* %\ld be ins]t$ into ! wick ( a _s lamp2 light ! lamp1 & aft] x has burn$ = a m9ute or two1 ext+ui% ! flame quickly2 ! wire w soon become r$ hot1 &1 if kept f draughts ( air1 w cont9ue to burn until all ! _s is consum$4 ,spongy plat9um1 z x is call$1 answ]s r bett] ?an wire1 & has be5 employ$ 9 ! =mation ( fumigators = ! draw+-room1 9 :i*1 in/ead ( pure _s1 "s p]fume1 su* z lav5d] wat]1 is us$2 by its combu/ion an agreeable odor is diffus$ ?r\gh ! ap>tm5t4 ,^! little lamps 7 mu* 9 vogue a few ye>s ago1 b are n[ ne>ly out ( fa%ion4 ,exp]im5ts on combu/ion might be multipli$1 almo/ to any am\nt1 b ! above w be suffici5t = our purpose4 ,,potassium4 ,potassium 0 discov]$ by ,sir ,h4 ,davy1 9 ! beg9n+ ( ! pres5t c5tury1 :ile act+ ^u pota% ) ! enorm\s galvanic batt]y ( ! ,royal ,in/itution1 consi/+ ( two ?\s& pairs ( f\r in* plates4 ,x is a brilliant :ite metal1 s s(t z to be easily cut ) a p5knife1 & s light z to swim ^u wat]1 on :i* x acts ) great en]gy1 unit+ ) ! oxyg51 & lib]at+ ! hydrog51 :i* takes fire z x escapes4 ,,exp]im5t4 ,trace "s cont9u\s l9es on pap] ) a camel's-hair bru%1 dipp$ 9 wat]1 & place a piece ( potassium ab\t ! size ( a pea1 on "o ( ! l9es1 & x w foll[ ! c\rse ( ! p5cil1 tak+ fire z x runs1 & burn+ ) a purpli% light4 ,! pap] w be f\nd cov]$ ) a solution ( ord9>y pota%4 ,if turm]ic pap] be us$1 ! c\rse ( ! potassium w be m>k$ ) a deep br[n color4 ,coroll>y3 h5ce1 if y t\* potassium ) wet f+]s1 y w burn !m6 ,if a small piece ( ! metal be plac$ on a piece ( ice1 x w in/antly take fire1 & =m a deep hole1 :i* w be f\nd to conta9 a solution ( pota%4 ,9 consequ5ce ( its great aff9ity = oxyg51 potassium mu/ be kept 9 "s fluid de/itute ( x1 su* z naph?a4 ,saltpet]1 or nit]1 is a comp\nd ( ?is metal 7or r its oxide7 ) nitric acid4 ,x is "o ( ! +r$i5ts ( gunp[d]1 & has ! prop]ty ( quick5+ ! combu/ion ( all combu/ible bodies4 ,,exp]im5t4 ,rub toge!r 9 a w>m mort>1 ?ree p>ts ( p[d]$ nit]1 two ( dry c>bonate ( pota%1 & "o ( fl\r ( brim/one2 place a small quantity ( ! mixture 9 an iron ladle1 & heat x ov] ! fire1 :5 x w spe$ily melt1 & !n explode ) a v l\d noise2 & if held "u a f\l *imney1 w save ! exp5se ( a *imney sweep3 b avoid cook+ "t4 ,ano!r salt ( pota% rem>kable = ! same prop]ty1 9 ev5 a great] degree1 is ! *lorate ( pota%4 ,,exp]im5ts4 #a4 ,triturate toge!r 9 a dry mort> a few gra9s ( fl[]s ( sulphur1 ) a small quantity ( ! *lorate ( pota%1 & a succession ( %>p explosions1 l ! crack ( a :ip1 w be produc$4 #b4 ,sub/itute half a gra9 ( phosphorus = ! sulphur1 & ! action w be mu* m viol5t4 ,! h& %\ld be def5d$ by a ?ick glove1 & ! eyes c>efully gu>d$1 9 mak+ ?is exp]im5t4 #c4 ,mix v c>efully a little ( ?is salt1 r$uc$ to p[d]1 ) a little lump sug>1 also p[d]$1 & drop on ! mixture a little /rong sulphuric acid1 & x w in/antly bur/ into a flame4 ,?is exp]im5t also requires caution4 ,want ( space precludes u f consid]+ ! individual metals & _! comp\nds 9 detail2 x mu/ suffice to describe "s exp]im5ts1 %[+ "s ( _! prop]ties4 ,! diff]5t aff9ities ( ! metals = oxyg51 may be exhibit$ 9 v>i\s ways4 ,! silv] or z9c tree has already be5 describ$4 ,,exp]im5ts4 #a4 ,into a solution ( nitrate ( silv]1 9 di/ill$ wat]1 imm]se a clean plate or slip ( copp]4 ,! solution1 :i* 0 colorless1 w soon beg9 to assume a gre5i% t9t1 & ! piece ( copp] w be cov]$ ) a coat+ ( a light gray color1 :i* is ! silv] =m]ly unit$ to ! nitric acid1 :i* has be5 displac$ by ! great] aff9ity or lik+ ( ! oxyg5 & acid = ! copp]4 #b4 ,:5 ! copp] is no long] coat$1 b rema9s clean & bright :5 imm]s$ 9 ! fluid1 all ! silv] has be5 deposit$1 & ! glass n[ conta9s a solution ( copp]4 ,place a piece ( clean iron 9 ! solution1 & x w almo/ in/antly be coat$ ) a film ( copp]1 & ?is w cont9ue until ! :ole ( t metal is remov$1 & its place fill$ by an equival5t quantity ( iron1 s t nitrate ( iron is f\nd 9 ! liquid4 ,! oxyg5 & nitric acid rema9 unalt]$ 9 quantity or quality dur+ ^! *anges1 be+ m]ely transf]r$ f "o metal to ano!r4 ,a piece ( z9c w displace ! iron 9 l mann]1 leav+ a solution ( nitrate ( z9c4 ,ne>ly all ! colors us$ 9 ! arts1 are produc$ by metals & _! comb9ations2 inde$1 "o is nam$ *romium1 f a ,greek ^w signify+ color1 on acc\nt ( ! beautiful t9ts obta9$ f its v>i\s comb9ations ) oxyg5 & ! o!r metals4 ,all ! v>i\s t9ts ( gre51 orange1 yell[1 & r$1 are obta9$ f ?is metal4 ,solutions ( mo/ ( ! metallic salts give precipitates ) solutions ( alkalies & _! salts1 z well z ) _m o!r sub/ances1 su* z :at are usually call$ prussiate ( pota%1 hydro-sulphuret ( ammonia1 c42 & ! colors diff] accord+ to ! metal employ$2 & s small a quantity is requir$ to produce ! color1 t ! solutions be=e mix+ may be ne>ly colorless4 ,,exp]im5ts4 #a4 ,to a solution ( sulphate ( iron1 add a drop or two ( a solution ( prussiate ( pota%1 & a blue color w be produc$4 #b4 ,sub/itute sulphate ( copp] = iron1 & ! color w be a ri* br[n4 #c4 ,ano!r blue1 ( q a diff]5t t9t1 may be produc$ by lett+ a few drops ( a solution ( ammonia fall into "o ( sulphate ( copp]1 :5 a precipitate ( a light blue falls d[n1 :i* is dissolv$ by an additional quantity ( ! ammonia1 & =ms a transp>5t solution ( ! mo/ spl5did ri* blue color4 #d4 ,into a solution ( sulphate ( iron1 drop a few drops ( a /rong infusion ( galls1 & ! color w become a blui%-black--9 fact1 ink4 ,a little tea w answ] z well z ! infusion ( galls4 ,?is is ! reason :y c]ta9 /uffs =m]ly 9 g5]al use = dress+ g[ns = g5tlem5 7 s objectionable2 = z !y 7 indebt$ to a salt ( iron = _! color1 buff1 z x 0 call$1 a drop ( tea accid5tally spill$1 produc$ all ! effect ( a drop ( ink4 #e4 ,put into a l>gi% te/ tube1 two or ?ree small pieces ( granulat$ z9c1 fill x ab\t "o ?ird full ( wat]1 put 9 a few gra9s ( iod9e1 & boil ! wat]1 :i* w at fir/ acquire a d>k purple color1 gradually fad+ z ! iod9e comb9es ) ! z9c4 ,add a little m iod9e f "t to "t1 until ! z9c is ne>ly all dissolv$4 ,if a few drops ( ?is solution be add$ to an equally colorless solution ( corrosive sublimate 7a salt ( m]cury71 a precipitate w take place ( a spl5did sc>let color1 bright]1 if possible1 ?an v]milion1 :i* is also a prep>ation ( m]cury4 ,,cry/allization ,,( ,,metals4 ,"s ( ! metals assume c]ta9 def9ite =ms 9 return f ! fluid to ! solid /ate4 ,bismu? %[s ?is prop]ty m readily ?an mo/ o!rs4 ,,exp]im5t4 ,melt a p\nd or two ( bismu? 9 an iron ladle ov] ! fire2 remove x z soon z ! :ole is fluid2 & :5 ! surface has become solid break a hole 9 x1 & p\r out ! /ill fluid metal f ! int]ior2 :at rema9s w exhibit beautifully-=m$ cry/als ( a cubic %ape4 ,sulphur may be cry/alliz$ 9 ! same mann]1 b its fumes1 :5 heat$1 are s v unpleasant1 t few w\ld wi% to enc\nt] !m4 ,"o ( ! mo/ rem>kable facts 9 *emi/ry--a sci5ce ab\nd+ 9 wond]s--is ! circum/ance t ! m]e contact ( hydrog51 ! lighte/ body kn[n1 ) ! metal plat9um1 ! heavie/1 :5 9 a /ate ( m9ute division1 call$ spongy plat9um1 produces an int5se heat1 suffici5t to inflame ! hydrog53 ( c\rse ?is exp]im5t mu/ be made 9 ! pres5ce ( atmosph]ic air or oxyg54 ,if a small piece ( ! metal 9 ! /ate above nam$ be introduc$ into a mixture ( oxyg5 & hydrog51 x w cause !m to explode4 ,a v small quantity ( gas %\ld be employ$1 & plac$ 9 a j> lightly cov]$ ) a c>d1 or ! explosion w\ld be dang]\s4 ,,beauties ,,( ,,cry/allization4 ,dissolve alum 9 hot wat] until no m c be dissolv$ 9 x2 place 9 x a smoo? glass rod & a /ick ( ! same size2 next day1 ! /ick w be f\nd cov]$ ) cry/als1 b ! glass rod w be free f !m3 9 ?is case1 ! cry/als cl+ to ! r\gh surface ( ! /ick1 b h no hold ^u ! smoo? surface ( ! glass rod4 ,b if ! rod be r\gh5$ ) a file at c]ta9 int]vals1 & !n plac$ 9 ! alum & wat]1 ! cry/als w adh]e to ! r\gh surfaces1 & leave !m smoo? bright & cle>4 ,tie "s ?reads ( lamp-cotton irregul>ly ar\nd a copp] wire or glass rod2 place x 9 a hot solution ( blue vitriol1 /rong z above1 & ! ?reads w be cov]$ ) beautiful blue cry/als1 :ile ! glass rod w be b>e4 ,bore a hole ?r\gh a piece ( coke1 & susp5d x by a /r+ f a /ick1 plac$ across a hot solution ( alum2 x w float2 b1 z x becomes load$ ) cry/als1 x w s9k 9 ! solution accord+ to ! l5g? ( ! /r+4 ,gas-coke has mo/ly a smoo?1 %9+1 & almo/ metallic surface1 :i* ! cry/als w avoid1 :ile !y w cl+ only to ! mo/ irregul> & por\s p>ts4 ,if p[d]$ turm]ic be add$ to ! hot solution ( alum1 ! cry/als w be ( a bright yell[2 litmus w cause !m to be ( a bright r$2 logwood w yield purple2 & common writ+ ink1 black2 & ! m muddy ! solution1 ! f9] w be ! cry/als4 ,to keep color$ alum cry/als f break+ or los+ _! color1 place !m "u a glass %ade ) a sauc] ( wat]2 ?is w pres]ve ! atmosph]e moi/1 & prev5t ! cry/als gett+ too dry4 ,if cry/als be =m$ on wire1 !y w be liable to break (f1 f ! expansion & contraction ( ! wire by *anges ( temp]ature4 ,,to ,,cry/allize ,,camphor4 ,dissolve camphor 9 _s ( w9e1 mod]ately heat$1 until ! _s w n dissolve any m2 p\r "s ( ! solution into a cold glass1 & ! camphor w in/antly cry/allize 9 beautiful tree-l =ms1 su* z we see 9 ! %[-glasses ( camphor 9 druggi/s' w9d[s4 ,,cry/alliz$ ,,t94 ,mix half an ounce ( nitric acid1 six drams ( muriatic acid1 & two ounces ( wat]2 p\r ! mixture ^u a piece ( t9 plate previ\sly made hot1 & aft] wa%+ x 9 ! mixture x w be> a beautiful cry/all9e surface1 9 fea!ry =ms4 ,?is is ! celebrat$ moire mtallique1 &1 :5 v>ni%$1 is made into ornam5tal boxes1 c4 ,! figures w v>y accord+ to ! degree ( heat previ\sly giv5 to ! metal4 ,,cry/als ,,9 ,,h>d ,,wat]4 ,hold 9 a w9e-glass ( h>d wat] a cry/al ( oxalic acid1 & :ite ?reads1 i4 e4 oxalate ( lime1 w in/antly desc5d ?r\gh ! liquid susp5d$ f ! cry/al4 ,,v>ieties ,,( ,,cry/als4 ,make di/9ct solutions ( common salt1 nit]1 & alum2 set !m 9 ?ree sauc]s 9 any w>m place1 & let "p ( ! wat] dry away or evaporate2 !n remove !m to a w>m room4 ,! p>ticles ( ! salts 9 ea* sauc] w beg9 to attract ea* o!r1 & =m cry/als1 b n all ( ! same figure3 ! common salt w yield cry/als ) six squ>e & equal faces1 or sides2 ! nit] six-sid$ cry/als2 & ! alum1 eight-sid$ cry/als2 & if ^! cry/als be dissolv$ ov] & ov] aga91 !y w always appe> 9 ! same =ms4 ,a ,,liquid ,,*ang$ ,,to ,a ,,solid1 ,,& ,,heat ,,f ,,cry/allization4 ,a /rong sal9e solution exclud$ f ! air w frequ5tly cry/allize ! in/ant t air is admitt$4 ,= ?is purpose make a solution ( ,glaub]'s salt 7sulphate ( soda7 9 boil+ wat] 7#c lbs4 ( ! salt to #b lbs4 ( wat]72 bottle & cork quickly2 also tie ov] ! neck a piece ( wet bladd]4 ,:5 p]fectly cold1 or ev5 a few days aft]w>ds1 remove ! cork1 & ! salt w imm$iately cry/allize1 %oot+ out ! mo/ beautiful cry/als1 at la/ becom+ ne>ly solid3 at ! same "t ! :ole becomes w>m1 9 consequ5ce ( ! lat5t heat g5]at$ by ! *ange ( ! liquid to ! solid /ate4 ,if ! liquid w n cry/allize quickly on remov+ ! cork1 tie a cry/al ( ,glaub]'s salt to a bit ( wire1 t\* ! surface ( ! liquid1 & ! cry/allization w !n g5]ally occur4 ,,ano!r ,,exp]im5t4 ,heat "s blue vitriol 7sulphate ( copp]7 9 an iron ladle till all ! wat] conta9$ 9 ! cry/als is driv5 (f1 & ! color *anges to a gray4 ,take ! lumps out )\t break+ !m1 & lay ! dri$ blue vitriol on a plate2 if ?is be moi/5$ ) wat]1 /eam is produc$2 & if a slice ( phosphorus is !n laid on ! sulphate ( copp]1 x ignites1 demon/rat+ aga9 t ! cond5sation ( a liquid produces heat4 ,! addition ( ! wat] re/ores ! blue color1 ?us prov+ t wat] 0 necess>y to ! composition ( blue vitriol4 ,a ,,solid ,,*ang$ ,,to ,a ,,liquid1 ,,& ,,int5se ,,cold ,,f ,,! ,,liquefaction4 ,mix five p>ts by weight ( p[d]$ muriate ( ammonia1 commonly t]m$ sal ammoniac1 five p>ts ( nit] 9 p[d]1 & sixte5 p>ts ( wat]4 ,a temp]ature ( tw5ty-two degrees bel[ ! freez+ po9t ( wat] is produc$2 & if a phial ( wat]1 or any conv5i5t metallic cyl9d] conta9+ wat]1 be surr\nd$ ) a suffici5t quantity ( ! freez+ mixture1 ice is obta9$4 ,! ice cl+s to ! int]ior ( ! tube1 b may easily be remov$ by dipp+ x 9 tepid wat]4 ,?is exp]im5t is ! rev]se ( ! la/1 & proves t a sudd5 r$uction ( a solid to ! liquid condition always af=ds cold4 ,an amus+ comb9ation ( two exp]im5ts may be made by putt+ "s fre%-burn$ lime into "o tea-pot & ?is freez+ mixture into ano!r4 ,:5 wat] is p\r$ on ! "o conta9+ lime1 x gives out /eam f ! sp\t2 :ile ! addition ( wat] to ! o!r produces s mu* cold1 t x c h>dly be kept 9 ! h&4 ,?us heat & cold are af=d$ by ! same m$ium1 wat]4 ,,magic ,,( ,,heat4 ,melt a small quantity ( ! sulphate ( potassa & copp] 9 a spoon ov] a _s lamp2 x w be fus$ at a heat j bel[ r$ness1 & produce a liquid ( a d>k gre5 color4 ,remove ! spoon f ! flame1 :5 ! liquid w become a solid ( a brilliant em]ald gre5 color1 & s rema9 till its heat s9ks ne>ly to t ( boil+ wat]2 :5 sudd5ly a commotion w take place ?r\gh\t ! mass1 beg9n+ f ! surface1 & ea* atom1 z if animat$1 w />t up & sep>ate itself f ! re/1 till1 9 a few mom5ts1 ! :ole w become a heap ( p[d]4 ,,sublimation ,,by ,,heat4 ,provide two small pieces ( glass2 spr9kle a m9ute portion ( sulphur ^u "o piece1 lay ?9 slips ( wood ar\nd x1 & place ^u x ! o!r piece ( glass4 ,move !m sl[ly ov] ! flame ( a lamp or c&le1 & ! sulphur w become sublim$1 & =m gray nebul\s pat*es1 :i* are v curi\s microscopic objects4 ,ea* clu/] consi/s ( ?\s&s ( transp>5t globules1 imitat+ 9 m9iature ! nebul :i* we see figur$ 9 treatises on a/ronomy4 ,by obs]v+ ! l>ge/ p>ticles1 we %all f9d !m to be flatt5$ on "o side4 ,be+ v transp>5t1 ea* ( !m acts ! "p ( a little l5s1 & =ms 9 its focus ! image ( a di/ant light1 :i* c be p]ceiv$ ev5 9 ! small] globules1 until x vani%es f m9ut5ess4 ,if !y are exam9$ aga9 aft] a c]ta9 numb] ( h\rs1 ! small] globules w g5]ally be f\nd to h reta9$ _! transp>5cy1 :ile ! l>g] ones w h become opaque1 9 consequ5ce ( ! sulphur hav+ und]gone "s int]nal spontane\s *ange4 ,b ! mo/ rem>kable circum/ance att5d+ ?is exp]im5t is1 t ! globules are f\nd adh]+ to ! upp] glass only2 ! reason ( :i* is1 t ! upp] glass is some:at cool] ?an ! l[] "o3 by :i* means we see t ! vapor ( sulphur is v p[]fully repell$ by heat$ glass4 ,! flatt5$ =m ( ! p>ticles is ow+ to ! =ce ) :i* !y endeavor to rec$e f ! l[] glass1 & _! consequ5t pressure aga9/ ! surface ( ! upp] "o4 ,?is exp]im5t is consid]$ by its orig9ator1 ,mr4 ,h4 ,f4 ,talbot1 ,f4,r4,s41 ,engl&1 to be a satisfactory argum5t 9 favor ( ! repulsive p[] ( heat4 ,,heat ,,pass+ ,,?r\gh ,,glass4 ,! foll[+ exp]im5t is also by ,mr4 ,talbot3 ,heat a pok] bright r$ hot1 & hav+ op5$ a w9d[1 apply ! pok] quickly v ne> to ! outside ( a pane1 & ! h& to ! inside2 a /rong heat w be felt at ! in/ant1 :i* w cease z soon z ! pok] is )drawn1 & may be aga9 r5ew$1 & made to cease z quickly z be=e4 ,n[1 x is well kn[n t if a piece ( glass be s mu* w>m$ z to convey ! impression ( heat to ! h&1 x w reta9 "s "p ( t heat = a m9ute or m2 b 9 ?is exp]im5t ! heat w vani% 9 a mom5t4 ,x w n1 !re=e1 be ! heat$ pane ( glass t we %all feel1 b heat :i* has come ?r\gh ! glass1 9 a free or radiant /ate4 ,,metals ,,unequally ,,influ5c$ ,,by ,,heat4 ,all metals d n conduct heat at ! same rate1 z may be prov$ by hold+ 9 ! flame ( a c&le at ! same "t1 a piece ( silv] wire & a piece ( plat9a wire1 :5 ! silv] wire w become too hot to hold1 mu* soon] ?an ! plat9a4 ,or1 cut a cone ( ea* wire1 tip x ) wax1 & place x ^u a heat$ plate1 7z a fire-%ovel17 :5 ! wax w melt at diff]5t p]iods4 ,,spontane\s ,,combu/ion4 ,mix a small quantity ( *lorate ( potassa ) _s ( w9e 9 a /rong sauc]2 add a little sulphuric acid1 & an orange vapor w arise & bur/ into flame ) a l\d crackl+ s\nd4 ,,inequality ,,( ,,heat ,,9 ,,fire-,,irons4 ,place be=e a brisk fire a set ( poli%$ fire-irons1 & beside !m a r\gh unpoli%$ pok]1 su* z is us$ 9 a kit*51 in/ead ( a bright pok]4 ,! poli%$ irons w rema9 = a long "t )\t becom+ w>m] ?an ! temp]ature ( ! room1 because ! heat radiat$ f ! fire is all reflect$1 or ?r[n (f1 by ! poli%$ surface ( ! irons1 & none ( x is absorb$4 ,! r\gh pok] w1 h[ev]1 become spe$ily hot1 s z n to be us$ )\t inconv5i5ce4 ,h5ce1 ! poli% ( fire-irons is n m]ely ornam5tal1 b useful4 ,,expansion ,,( ,,metal ,,by ,,heat4 ,provide an iron rod1 & fit x exactly into a metal r+3 heat ! rod r$ hot1 & x w no long] ent] ! r+4 ,obs]ve an iron gate on a w>m day1 :5 x w %ut ) difficulty2 :]eas x w %ut loosely & easily on a cold day4 ,,evaporation ,,( ,a ,,metal4 ,rub a globule ( m]cury ^u a silv] spoon1 & ! two metals w comb9e ) a :ite appe>ance2 heat ! spoon c>efully 9 ! flame ( a _s lamp1 :5 ! m]cury w volatilize & disappe>1 & ! spoon may !n be poli%$ until x recov]s its usual lu/]3 if1 h[ev]1 ! m]cury be left = "s "t on ! spoon1 ! solid texture ( ! silv] w be de/roy$ ?r\gh\t1 & !n ! silv] c only be recov]$ by heat+ x 9 a ladle4 ,c>e mu/ be tak5 to avoid ! fumes ( m]cury1 :i* are v poison\s4 ,a ,,float+ ,,metal ,,on ,,fire4 ,?r[ a small piece ( t m>vel\s sub/ance1 potassium1 into a bas9 ( wat]1 & x w swim ^u ! surface & burn ) a beautiful light1 ( a r$ color mix$ ) violet4 ,:5 mod]ately heat$ 9 ! air1 potassium takes fire1 & burns ) a r$ light4 ,,ice ,,melt$ ,,by ,,air4 ,if two pieces ( ice be plac$ 9 a w>m room1 "o ( !m may be made to melt mu* soon] ?an ! o!r1 by bl[+ on x ) a pair ( bell[s4 ,,spl5did ,,sublimation4 ,put into a flask a small portion ( iod9e2 hold ! flask ov] ! flame ( a _s-lamp1 & f ! /ate ( blui%-black cry/als1 ! iod9e1 on be+ heat$1 w become a violet-color$ transp>5t gas2 b1 9 cool+1 w resume its cry/all9e =m4 ,,magic ,,inks4 ,dissolve oxide ( cobalt 9 acetic acid1 to :i* add a little nit]3 write ) ?is solution2 hold ! writ+ to ! fire1 & x w be ( pale rose color1 :i* w disappe> on cool+4 ,dissolve equal p>ts ( sulphate ( copp] & muriate ( ammonia 9 wat]2 write ) ! solution1 & x w give a yell[ color :5 heat$1 :i* w disappe> :5 cold4 ,dissolve nitrate ( bismu? 9 wat]2 write ) ! solution1 & ! *>act]s w be invisible :5 dry1 b w become legible on imm]sion 9 wat]4 ,dissolve1 9 wat]1 muriate ( cobalt1 :i* is ( a blui%-gre5 col\r1 & ! solution w be p9k2 write ) x1 & ! *>act]s w be sc>cely visible3 b1 if g5tly heat$1 !y w appe> 9 brilliant gre51 :i* w disappe> z ! pap] cools4 ,dissolve 9 wat] a few gra9s ( prussiate ( pota%2 write ) ?is liquid1 :i* is invisible :5 dry2 wa% ov] ) a dilute solution ( iron1 made by dissolv+ a nail 9 a little aqua =tis2 a blue & legible writ+ is imm$iately app>5t4#d ,,*ameleon ,,liquids4 ,put a small portion ( ! comp\nd call$ m9]al *ameleon into sev]al glasses1 p\r ^u ea* wat] at diff]5t temp]atures1 & ! cont5ts ( ea* glass w exhibit a diff]5t %ade ( color4 ,a v hot solution w be ( a beautiful gre5 color2 a cold "o1 a deep purple4 ,make a colorless solution ( sulphate ( copp]2 add to x a little ammonia1 equally colorless1 & ! mixture w be ( an int5se blue color2 add to x a little sulphuric acid1 & ! blue color w disappe>2 p\r 9 a little solution ( cau/ic ammonia1 & ! blue color w be re/or$4 ,?us may ! liquor be *ang$ at pleasure4 ,,! ,,magic ,,dyes4 ,dissolve indigo 9 dilut$ sulphuric acid1 & add to x an equal quantity ( solution ( c>bonate ( potassa4 ,if a piece ( :ite clo? be dipp$ 9 ! mixture1 x w be *ang$ to blue2 yell[ clo?1 9 ! same mixture1 may be *ang$ to gre52 r$ to purple2 & blue litmus pap] to r$4 ,ne>ly fill a w9e-glass ) ! juice ( beet-root1 :i* is ( a deep r$ color2 add a little lime-wat]1 & ! mixture w be colorless2 dip into x a piece ( :ite clo?1 dry x rapidly1 & 9 a few h\rs ! clo? w become r$4 ,,w9e ,,*ang$ ,,into ,,wat]4 ,mix a little solution ( subacetate ( lead ) port w9e2 filt] ! mixture ?r\gh blott+-pap]1 & a colorless liquid w pass ?r\gh2 to ?is add a small quantity ( dry salt ( t>t>2 di/il 9 a retort1 :5 a _s w arise1 :i* may be inflam$4 ,,two ,,colorless ,,transp>5t ,,liquids ,,become ,,black ,,& ,,opaque4 ,h 9 "o vessel "s dilute hydrosulphate ( ammonia1 & 9 ano!r a solution ( acetate ( lead2 !y are bo? colorless & transp>5t2 mix !m1 & !y w become black & opaque4 ,,two ,,colorless ,,fluids ,,make ,a ,,color$ ,,"o4 ,put into a w9e-glass ( wat] a few drops ( prussiate ( pota%1 & into a second glass ( wat] a little weak solution ( sulphate ( iron 9 wat]2 p\r ! colorless mixtures toge!r into a tumbl]1 & !y w be imm$iately *ang$ to a bright deep blue4 ,or1 mix ! solution ( prussiate ( pota% ) t ( nitrate ( bismu?1 & a yell[ w be ! product4 ,or1 mix ! solution ( prussiate ( pota% ) t ( sulphate ( copp]1 & ! mixture w be ( a r$di%-br[n color4 ,,*ange ,,( ,,color ,,by ,,colorless ,,fluids4 ,?ree diff]5t colors may be produc$ f ! same infusion1 m]ely by ! addition ( ?ree colorless fluids4 ,slice a little r$ cabbage1 p\r boil+ wat] ^u x1 & :5 cold decant ! cle> infusion1 :i* divide into ?ree w9e-glasses3 to "o1 add a small quantity ( solution ( alum 9 wat]2 to ! second1 a little solution ( pota% 9 wat]2 & to ! ?ird1 a few drops ( muriatic acid4 ,! liquor 9 ! fir/ glass w assume a purple color1 ! second a bright gre51 & ! ?ird a ri* crimson4 ,,to ,,*ange ,a ,,blue ,,liquid ,,to ,,:ite4 ,dissolve a small lump ( indigo 9 sulphuric acid by ! aid ( mod]ate heat1 & y w obta9 an int5se blue color2 add a drop ( ?is to half a p9t ( wat]1 s z to dilute ! blue2 !n p\r "s ( x into /rong *loride ( lime1 & ! blue w be blea*$ ) almo/ magical velocity4 ,,v]itable ,,black ,,tea4 ,make a cup ( /rong gre5 tea2 dissolve a little gre5 copp]as 9 wat]1 :i* add to ! tea1 & its color w be black4 ,,re/oration ,,( ,,color ,,by ,,wat]4 ,wat] be+ a colorless fluid1 ought1 "o w\ld imag9e1 :5 mix$ ) o!r sub/ances ( no decid$ color1 to produce a colorless comp\nd4 ,nev]!less1 x is to wat] only t blue vitriol1 or sulphate ( copp]1 owes its vivid blu5ess1 z w be pla9ly ev9c$ by ! foll[+ simple exp]im5t4 ,heat a few cry/als ( ! vitriol 9 a fire-%ovel1 pulv]ize !m1 & ! p[d] w be ( a dull & dirty :ite appe>ance4 ,p\r a little wat] ^u ?is1 :5 a slight hiss+ noise w be he>d1 & at ! same mom5t ! blue color w in/antly reappe>4 ,"u ! microscope ! beauty ( ?is exp]im5t w be increas$1 = ! in/ant t a drop ( wat] is plac$ 9 contact ) ! vitriol1 ! p[d] may be se5 to %oot into blue prisms4 ,if a cry/al ( prussiate ( pota% be simil>ly heat$1 its yell[ color w vani%1 b reappe> on be+ dropp$ into wat]4 #e ,,two ,,liquids ,,make ,a ,,solid4 ,dissolve muriate ( lime 9 wat] until x w dissolve no m2 measure out an equal quantity ( oil ( vitriol2 bo? w be transp>5t fluids2 b if equal quantities ( ea* be sl[ly mix$ & /irr$ toge!r1 !y w become a solid mass1 ) ! evolution ( smoke or fumes ( muriatic acid4 ,,two ,,solids ,,make ,a ,,liquid4 ,rub toge!r 9 a mort>1 equal quantities ( ! cry/als ( ,glaub] salts & nitrate ( ammonia1 & ! two salts w sl[ly become a liquid4 ,a ,,solid ,,opaque ,,mass ,,makes ,a ,,transp>5t ,,liquid4 ,take ! solid mixture ( ! solutions ( muriate ( lime & c>bonate ( pota%1 p\r ^u x a v little nitric acid1 & ! solid opaque mass w be *ang$ to a transp>5t liquid4 ,,two ,,cold ,,liquids ,,make ,a ,,hot ,,"o4 ,mix f\r drams ( sulphuric acid 7oil ( vitriol7 ) "o dram ( cold wat]1 sudd5ly1 9 a cup1 & ! mixture w be ne>ly half z hot aga9 z boil+ wat]4 ,,qu9tuple ,,transmutation4 ,take five ale-glasses3 place into ! fir/ a solution ( iodide ( potassium2 into ! second1 a solution ( corrosive sublimate1 suffici5tly /rong to yield a sc>let precipitate ) ! iodide 9 ! fir/ glass1 )\t r$issolv+1 z ! effect ( ! exp]im5t dep5ds on ! adju/m5t ( ?is be=eh&2 into ! ?ird1 a /rong solution ( iodide ( potassium ) "s oxalate ( ammonia2 into ! f\r?1 a solution ( muriate ( lime2 into ! fif?1 a solution ( hydrosulphate ( ammonia4 ,! foll[+ *anges occur4 ,no4 #a add$ to ,no4 #b produces a yell[1 quickly *ang+ to a sc>let2 ,no4 #b1 p\r$ into ,no4 #c1 becomes cle> & transp>5t aga92 ,no4 #c1 into ,no4 #d1 *anges a milky :ite2 ,no4 #d1 p\r$ into ,no4 #e1 produces a black precipitate4 ,?us1 a cle> & colorless liquid is *ang$ to sc>let2 ! sc>let aga9 becomes colorless2 ! colorless liquid1 milky :ite2 & ! :ite1 black4 ,,! ,,same ,,ag5t ,,may ,,produce ,,& ,,de/roy ,,color4 ,procure a bottle ( *lor9e1 & arrange two tall cyl9drical glasses3 fill "o half full ) a dilute solution ( iodide ( potassium & />*1 & ! o!r ) a v dilute solution ( sulphate ( indigo2 provide ea* vessel ) a plate glass or c>dbo>d valve1 laid on ! top2 c>efully op5 ! bottle ( *lor9e1 inv]t x sl[ly ov] "o cyl9drical vessel1 s z to p\r out half ! gas1 :i* is v heavy2 add ! rema9d] to ! o!r1 & %ake up bo? vessels4 ,! *lor9e w blea* ! indigo1 & af=d a magnific5t purple 9 ! iodide ( potassium & />*1 because x sets free iod9e1 :i* comb9es ) ! />*1 produc+ a purple comp\nd4 ,,union ,,( ,,two ,,metals ,,)\t ,,heat4 ,cut a circul> piece ( gold leaf1 call$ d5ti/s' gold1 ab\t half an in* 9 diamet]2 drop ^u x a globule ( m]cury1 ab\t ! size ( a small pea1 & if !y be left = a %ort "t1 ! gold w lose its solidity & yell[ color1 & ! m]cury its liquid =m1 mak+ a s(t mass ( ! color ( m]cury4 ,,magic ,,brea?4 ,half fill a glass tumbl] ) lime-wat]2 brea! into x frequ5tly1 at ! same "t /irr+ x ) a piece ( glass4 ,! fluid1 :i* be=e 0 p]fectly transp>5t1 w pres5tly become q :ite1 & if all[$ to rema9 at re/1 real *alk w be deposit$4 ,,two ,,bitt]s ,,make ,a ,,sweet4 ,x has be5 discov]$1 t a mixture ( nitrate ( silv] ) hyposulphate ( soda1 bo? ( :i* are rem>kably bitt]1 w produce ! sweete/ kn[n sub/ance4 ,,visible ,,& ,,invisible4 ,write ) ,fr5* *alk on a look+-glass2 wipe x ) a h&k]*ief1 & ! l9es w disappe>2 brea! on x1 & !y w reappe>4 ,?is alt]nation w take place = a great numb] ( times1 & aft] ! lapse ( a consid]able p]iod4 ,,to ,,=m ,a ,,liquid ,,f ,,two ,,solids4 ,rub toge!r 9 a ,w$gewood mort> a small quantity ( sulphate ( soda & acetate ( lead1 & z !y mix !y w become liquid4 ,c>bonate ( ammonia & sulphate ( copp]1 previ\sly r$uc$ to p[d] sep>ately1 w also1 :5 mix$1 become liquid1 & acquire a mo/ spl5did blue color4 ,! great] numb] ( salts h a t5d5cy to assume regul> =ms1 or become cry/alliz$1 :5 pass+ f ! fluid to ! solid /ate2 & ! size & regul>ity ( ! cry/als dep5ds 9 a great measure on ! sl[ or rapid escape ( ! fluid 9 :i* !y 7 dissolv$4 ,sug> is a capital example ( ?is prop]ty2 ! ord9>y loaf-sug> be+ rapidly boil$ d[n1 z x is call$3 :ile to make rock-c&y1 :i* is no?+ b sug> 9 a cry/alliz$ =m1 ! solution is all[$ to evaporate sl[ly1 & z x cools x =ms into ^? beautiful cry/als t]m$ rock-c&y4 ,! ?reads f\nd 9 ! c5t] ( "s ( ! cry/als are m]ely plac$ = ! purpose ( ha/5+ ! =mation ( ! cry/als4 ,,exp]im5t ,,no4 #a4--,make a /rong solution ( alum1 or ( sulphate ( copp]1 or blue vitriol1 & place 9 !m r\gh & irregul> pieces ( cl9k] f /oves1 or wire baskets1 & set !m by 9 a cool place1 :]e !y w be free f du/1 & 9 a few days cry/als ( ! sev]al salts w deposit !mselves on ! baskets1 c4 ,!y %\ld !n be tak5 out ( ! solutions1 & dri$ 9 an ov5 n too hot1 :5 !y =m v pretty ornam5ts = a room4 ,,exp]im5t ,,no4 #b4--;,fill a ,flor5ce flask up to ! neck ) a /rong solution ( sulphate ( soda1 or ,glaub] salt1 boil x1 & tie ! m\? ov] ) a piece ( moi/5$ bladd] :ile boil+1 & set x by 9 a place :]e x _c be di/urb$4 ,aft] tw5ty-f\r h\rs x w probably /ill rema9 fluid4 ,pi]ce ! bladd] cov]+ ) a p5knife1 & ! p]cussion ( ! air w cause ! :ole mass in/antly to cry/allize1 & ! flask w become q w>m f ! lat5t caloric1 ( :i* we h spok5 be=e1 giv5 out by ! salt 9 pass+ f ! fluid to ! solid /ate4 ,x is bett] to prep>e two or ?ree flasks at ! same "t1 to provide aga9/ accid5ts1 = ! lea/ %ake w (t5 cause ! cry/allization to take place be=e ! prop] "t4 ,,! ,,spectral ,,lamp4 ,mix "s common salt ) _s ( w9e 9 a plat9um or metallic cup2 set ! cup ^u a wire frame ov] a _s-lamp1 :i* %\ld be inclos$ on ea* side1 or 9 a d>k-lant]n3 :5 ! cup becomes heat$1 & ! _s ignit$1 x w burn ) a /rong yell[ flame3 if1 h[ev]1 x %\ld n be p]fectly yell[1 ?r[ m salt into ! cup4 ,! lamp be+ ?us prep>$1 all o!r lights %\ld be ext+ui%$1 & ! yell[ lamp introduc$1 :5 an appall+ *ange w be exhibit$2 all ! objects 9 ! room b ( "o color1 & ! complexions ( ! sev]al p]sons1 :e!r old or "y1 fair or brunette1 w be metamorphos$ to a gha/ly1 dea?-l yell[2 :il/ ! gaye/ dresses1 z ! brighte/ crimson1 ! *oice/ lilac1 ! mo/ vivid blue or gre5--all w be *ang$ into "o monoton\s yell[3 ea* p]son w be incl9$ to laugh at 8 neighbor1 himself ins5sible ( be+ "o ( ! spectral company4 ,_! a/oni%m5t may be height5$ by remov+ ! yell[ light to "o end ( ! room1 & re/or+ ! usual or :ite light at ! o!r2 :5 "o side ( ea* p]son's dress w resume its orig9al color1 :ile ! o!r w rema9 yell[2 "o *eek may be> ! bloom ( heal?1 & ! o!r1 ! yell[ ( jaundice4 ,or if1 :5 ! yell[ light only is burn+1 ! :ite light be introduc$ )9 a wire sieve1 ! company & ! objects 9 ! ap>tm5t w appe> yell[1 mottl$ ) :ite4 ,r$ light may be produc$ by mix+ ) ! _s 9 ! cup ov] ! lamp1 salt ( /rontium in/ead ( common salt2 & ! effect ( ! :ite or yell[ lights1 if introduc$ ?r\gh a sieve ^u ! r$ light1 w be ev5 m /rik+ ?an ! :ite ^u ! yell[ light4 ,,curi\s ,,*ange ,,( ,,colors4 ,let !re be no o!r light ?an a tap] 9 ! room2 !n put on a pair ( d>k gre5 spectacles1 & hav+ clos$ "o eye1 view ! tap] ) ! o!r4 ,sudd5ly remove ! spectacles1 & ! tap] w assume a bright r$ appe>ance2 b if ! spectacles be in/antly replac$1 ! eye w be unable to di/+ui% any?+ = a second or two4 ,! ord] ( colors w1 !re=e1 be z foll[s3 gre51 r$1 gre51 black4 ,,! ,,protean ,,light4 ,soak a cotton wick 9 a /rong solution ( salt & wat]1 dry x1 place x 9 a _s lamp1 & :5 lit x w give a bright yell[ light = a long "t4 ,if y look ?r\gh a piece ( blue glass at ! flame1 x w lose all its yell[ light1 & y w only p]ceive feeble violet rays4 ,if1 be=e ! blue glass1 y place a pale yell[ glass1 ! lamp w be absolutely invisible1 ?\gh a c&le may be di/9ctly se5 ?r\gh ! same glasses4 ,,! ,,*ameleon ,,fl[]s4 ,trim a _s lamp1 add a little salt to ! wick1 & light x4 ,set ne> x a sc>let g]anium1 & ! fl[] w appe> yell[4 ,purple colors1 9 ! same light1 appe> blue4 ,,to ,,*ange ,,! ,,colors ,,( ,,fl[]s4 ,hold ov] a light$ mat* a purple columb9e1 or a blue l>kspur1 & x w *ange fir/ to p9k1 & !n to black4 ,! yell[ ( o!r fl[]s1 held z above1 w cont9ue un*ang$4 ,?us1 ! purple t9t w in/antly disappe> f a he>t's-ease1 b ! yell[ w rema92 & ! yell[ ( a wall-fl[] w cont9ue ! same1 ?\gh ! br[n /reak w be dis*>g$4 ,if a sc>let1 crimson1 or m>oon dahlia be tri$1 ! color w *ange to yell[2 a fact kn[n to g>d5]s1 :o by ?is mode v>iegate _! gr[+ dahlias4 ,,*anges ,,( ,,! ,,poppy4 ,"s fl[]s1 :i* are r$1 become blue by m]ely bruis+ !m4 ,?us1 if ! petals ( ! common corn-poppy be rubb$ ^u :ite pap]1 !y w /a9 x purple1 :i* may be made gre5 by wa%+ x ov] ) a /rong solution ( pota% 9 wat]4 ,put poppy petals into v dilute muriatic acid1 & ! infusion w be ( a florid r$ color2 by add+ a little *alk1 x w become ( ! color ( port w9e2 & ?is t9t1 by ! addition ( pota%1 may be *ang$ to gre5 or yell[4 ,,to ,,*ange ,,! ,,color ,,( ,a ,,rose4 ,hold a r$ rose ov] ! blue flame ( a common mat*1 & ! color w be dis*>g$ :]ev] ! fume t\*es ! leaves ( ! fl[]1 s z to r5d] x beautifully v>iegat$1 or entirely :ite4 ,if x be !n dipp$ into wat]1 ! r$ness1 aft] a "t1 w be re/or$4 ,,light ,,*ang+ ,,:ite ,,into ,,black4 ,write ^u l95 ) p]man5t ink 7:i* is a /rong solution ( nitrate ( silv]71 & ! *>act]s w be sc>cely visible2 remove ! l95 into a d>k room1 & !y w n *ange2 b expose !m to a /rong light1 & !y w be ( an indelible black4 ,,! ,,visibly ,,gr[+ ,,acorn4 ,illu/ration ,cut a circul> piece ( c>d to fit ! top ( a hyac9?-glass1 s z to re/ ^u ! l$ge1 & exclude ! air4 ,pi]ce a hole ?r\gh ! c5t] ( ! c>d1 & pass ?r\gh x a /rong ?read1 hav+ a small piece ( wood ti$ to "o end1 :i*1 re/+ transv]sely on ! c>d1 prev5ts its be+ drawn ?r\gh4 ,to ! o!r end ( ! ?read atta* an acorn2 & hav+ half fill$ ! glass ) wat]1 susp5d ! acorn at a %ort di/ance f ! surface4 ,! glass mu/ be kept 9 a w>m room2 &1 9 a few days1 ! /eam :i* has g5]at$ 9 ! glass w hang f ! acorn 9 a l>ge drop4 ,%ortly aft]w>ds ! acorn w bur/1 ! root w protrude & ?ru/ itself into ! wat]2 & 9 a few days m a /em w %oot out at ! o!r end1 & ris+ upw>ds1 w press aga9/ ! c>d1 9 :i* an orifice mu/ be made to all[ x to pass ?r\gh4 ,f ?is /em1 small leaves w soon be obs]v$ to spr\t2 & 9 ! c\rse ( a few weeks y w h a h&some oak plant1 sev]al in*es 9 height4 ,,color$ ,,flames4 ,a v>iety ( rays ( light are exhibit$ by color$ flames1 :i* are n to be se5 9 :ite light4 ,?us1 pure hydrog5 gas w burn ) a blue flame1 9 :i* _m ( ! rays ( light are want+4 ,! flame ( an oil lamp conta9s mo/ ( ! rays :i* are want+ 9 ! sunlight4 ,alcohol1 mix$ ) wat]1 :5 heat$ or burn$1 af=ds a flame ) no o!r rays b yell[4 ,! foll[+ salts1 if f9ely p[d]$1 & introduc$ into ! ext]ior flame ( a c&le1 or into ! wick ( a _s lamp1 w communicate to ! flame _! peculi> colors3 ,muriate ( ,soda 7common salt7 ,yell[4 ,muriate ( ,pota% ,pale violet4 ,muriate ( ,lime ,brick r$4 ,muriate ( ,/rontia ,bright crimson4 ,muriate ( ,li?ia ,r$4 ,muriate ( ,b>yta ,pale apple-gre54 ,muriate ( ,copp] ,blui% gre54 ,borax ,gre54 ,or1 ei!r ( ! above salts may be mix$ ) _s ( w9e1 z direct$ = ,r$ ,fire4 ,,orange ,,color$ ,,flame4 ,burn _s ( w9e on *loride ( calcium1 a sub/ance obta9$ by evaporat+ muriate ( lime to dryness4 ,,em]ald ,,gre5 ,,flame4 ,burn _s ( w9e on a little p[d]$ nitrate ( copp]4 ,,in/antane\s ,,flame4 ,heat toge!r potassium & sulphur1 & !y w in/antly burn v vividly4 ,heat a little nit] on a fire-%ovel1 spr9kle on x fl\r ( sulphur1 & x w in/antly burn4 ,if iron fil+s be ?r[n ^u r$-hot nit]1 !y w detonate & burn4 ,p\nd1 sep>ately1 equal p>ts ( *lorate ( pota% & lump sug>2 mix !m1 & put ^u a plate a small quantity2 dip a glass rod into sulphuric acid1 t\* ! p[d] ) x1 & x w bur/ into a brilliant flame4 ,or1 put a few gra9s ( *lorate ( pota% into a tablespoonful ( _s ( w9e2 add "o or two drops ( sulphuric acid1 & ! :ole w bur/ into a beautiful flame4 ,,to ,,cool ,,flame ,,by ,,metal4 ,encircle ! v small flame ( a float+ night light1 ) a cold iron wire1 :i* w in/antly cause its ext9ction4 ,,pro( ,,t ,,flame ,,is ,,holl[4 ,p\r "s _s ( w9e into a wat*-glass1 & inflame x2 place a /raw across ?is flame1 & x w only be ignit$ & *>r$ at ! out] edge2 ! middle ( ! /raw w be un9jur$1 = !re is no ignit$ matt] 9 ! c5t] ( ! flame4 ,,to ,,hold ,a ,,hot ,,tea ,,kettle ,,on ,,! ,,h&4 ,be sure t ! bottom ( ! kettle is well cov]$ ) soot2 :5 ! wat] 9 x boils1 remove x f ! fire1 & place x ^u ! palm ( ! h&2 no inconv5i5ce w be felt1 z ! soot w prev5t ! heat be+ transmitt$ f ! wat] )9 & ! heat$ metal1 to ! h&4 ,,incombu/ible ,,l954 ,make a /rong solution ( borax 9 wat]1 & /eep 9 x l951 musl91 or any article ( clo?+2 :5 dry1 !y _c easily be inflam$4 ,a solution ( phosphate ( ammonia ) sal ammoniac answ]s mu* bett]4 ,,! ,,burn+ ,,circle4 ,light a /ick1 & :irl x r\nd ) a rapid motion1 :5 its burn+ end w produce a complete circle ( light1 al?\gh t end c only be 9 "o "p ( ! circle at ! same in/ant4 ,?is is caus$ by ! duration ( ! impression ( light ^u ! ret9a4 ,ano!r example is1 t dur+ ! w9k+ ( ! eye we nev] lose sight ( ! object we are view+4 ,,wat] ,,( ,,diff]5t ,,temp]atures ,,9 ,,! ,,same ,,vessel4 ,( heat & cold1 z ( wit & madness1 x may be said t ?9 p>titions d _! b\nds divide4 ,?us1 pa9t "o half ( ! surface ( a t9 pot ) a mixture ( lamp-black & size1 & leave ! o!r half1 or side1 bright2 fill ! vessel ) boil+ wat]1 & by dipp+ a !rmomet]1 or ev5 ! f+]1 into x %ortly aft]1 x w be f\nd to cool mu* m rapidly ^u ! black5$ ?an ^u ! bright side ( ! pot4 ,,w>m? ,,( ,,diff]5t ,,colors4 ,place ^u ! surface ( sn[1 z ^u ! w9d[ sill1 9 bright daylight or sun%9e1 pieces ( clo? ( ! same size & quality1 b ( diff]5t colors1 black1 blue1 gre51 yell[1 & :ite3 ! black clo? w soon melt ! sn[ b5ea? x1 & s9k d[nw>ds2 next ! blue1 & !n ! gre52 ! yell[ b slightly2 b ! sn[ b5ea? ! :ite clo? w be z firm z at fir/4 ,,sub/itute ,,= ,,fire4 ,put into a cup a lump ( quicklime1 fre% f ! kiln1 p\r wat] ^u x1 & ! heat w be v great4 ,a pailful ( quicklime1 if dipp$ 9 wat]1 & %ut closely into a box con/ruct$ = ! purpose1 w give out suffici5t heat to w>m a room1 ev5 9 v cold wea!r4 ,?is is ! s\rce ( /eam vapor 9 !atrical repres5tations4 ,,laugh+ ,,gas4 ,! above fanciful appellation has be5 giv5 to nitr\s oxide1 f ! v agreeable s5sations excit$ by inhal+ x4 ,9 its pure /ate x de/roys animal life1 b loses ?is noxi\s quality :5 inhal$1 because x becomes bl5d$ ) ! atmosph]ic air :i* x meets 9 ! lungs4 ,?is gas is made by putt+ ?ree or f\r drams ( nitrate ( ammonia1 9 cry/als1 into a small glass retort1 :i* be+ held ov] a _s lamp1 ! cry/als w melt1 & ! gas be evolv$4 ,hav+ ?us produc$ ! gas1 x is to be pass$ into a l>ge bladd]1 hav+ a /op-cock2 & :5 y are desir\s ( exhibit+ its effects1 y cause ! p]son :o wi%es to exp]i5ce !m1 to fir/ exhale ! atmosph]ic air f ! lungs1 & !n quickly plac+ ! cock 9 8 m\?1 y turn x1 & bid him inhale ! gas4 ,imm$iately1 a s5se ( extraord9>y *e]fulness1 fanciful flights ( imag9ation1 an uncontrollable prop5sity to laught]1 & a consci\sness ( be+ capable ( great muscul> ex]tion1 sup]v5e4 ,x does n op]ate 9 exactly ! same mann] on all p]sons2 b 9 mo/ cases ! s5sations are agreeable1 & h ?is important diff]5ce f ^? produc$ by w9e or spiritu\s liquors1 t !y are n succe$$ by any depression ( m9d4 ,,flame ,,f ,,cold ,,metals4 ,provide a bottle ( ! gas *lor9e1 :i* may be pur*as$ ( any op]ative *emi/1 & ) x y may exhibit "s brilliant exp]im5ts4 ,= example1 r$uce a small piece ( ! metal antimony to a v f9e p[d] 9 a mort>2 place "s ( ?is on a b5t c>d1 !n loos5 ! /opp] ( ! bottle ( *lor9e1 & ?r[ 9 ! antimony2 x w take fire spontane\sly1 & burn ) mu* spl5dor1 ?us exhibit+ a cold metal spontane\sly bur/+ into flame4 ,if1 h[ev]1 a lump ( antimony be dropp$ into ! *lor9e1 !re w be no spontane\s combu/ion1 nor imm$iate *ange2 b1 9 ! c\rse ( "t1 ! antimony w become incru/$ ) a :ite p[d]1 & no *lor9e w be f\nd 9 ! bottle4 ,or1 provide copp] 9 f9e leaves1 kn[n z ,dut* metal2 slightly brea! on "o end ( a glass rod1 ab\t t5 in*es long1 & cause "o or two leaves ( ! metal to adh]e to ! damp end2 !n op5 a bottle ( *lor9e1 quickly plunge 9 ! leaves1 :5 !y w in/antly take fire1 & burn ) a f9e r$ light1 leav+ 9 ! bottle a gre5i%-yell[ solid sub/ance4 ,a small lump ( copp]1 or ,dut* metal1 w n burn z above1 b w be sl[ly act$ ^u1 l ! antimony4 ,imm]se gold leaf 9 a j> ( *lor9e gas1 & combu/ion ) a beautiful gre5 flame w take place4 ,,phosphorus ,,9 ,,*lor9e4 ,put into a deflagrat+ spoon ab\t f\r gra9s ( phosphorus1 & let x d[n into a bottle ( *lor9e1 :5 ! phosphorus w ignite in/antane\sly4 ,or1 fold a slip ( blott+-pap] into a mat* five in*es long2 dip x into oil ( turp5t9e1 dra9 x an in/ant1 drop x into ano!r bottle ( *lor9e1 :5 x w bur/ into a flame1 & deposit mu* c>bon4 ,,magic ,,vapor4 ,provide a glass tube1 ab\t ?ree feet long & half an in* 9 diamet]2 ne>ly fill x ) wat]1 ^u ! surface ( :i* p\r a little color$ e!r2 !n close ! op5 end ( ! tube c>efully ) ! palm ( ! h&1 inv]t x 9 a bas9 ( wat]1 & re/ ! tube aga9/ ! wall3 ! e!r w rise ?r\gh ! wat] to ! upp] end ( ! tube2 p\r a little hot wat] ov] ! tube1 & x w soon cause ! e!r to boil )91 & its vapor may ?us be made to drive ne>ly all ! wat] out ( ! tube into ! bas92 if1 h[ev]1 y !n cool ! tube by p\r+ cold wat] ov] x1 ! vaporiz$ e!r w aga9 become a liquid1 & float ^u ! wat] z be=e4 ,,gas ,,f ,,! ,,union ,,( ,,metal4 ,ne>ly fill a w9e-glass ) dilut$ sulphuric acid1 & place 9 x a wire ( silv] & ano!r ( z9c1 tak+ c>e t !y d n t\* ea* o!r2 :5 ! z9c w be *ang$ by ! acid1 b ! silv] w rema9 in]t4 ,b cause ! upp] ends ( ! wires to t\* ea* o!r1 & a /ream ( gas w issue f !m4 ,,camphor ,,sublim$ ,,by ,,flame4 ,set a metallic plate ov] ! flame ( a _s lamp2 place ^u x a small portion ( camphor "u a glass funnel2 & ! camphor w be beautifully sublim$ by ! heat ( ! lamp1 9 an effloresc5t cru/ on ! sides ( ! funnel4 ,,gre5 ,,fire4 ,a beautiful gre5 fire may be ?us made4 ,take ( fl\r ( sulphur ?irte5 p>ts1 nitrate ( b>yta sev5ty-sev51 oxymuriate ( potassa five1 metallic ars5ic two1 & *>coal ?ree4 ,let ! nitrate ( b>yta be well dri$ & p[d]$2 !n add to x ! o!r +r$i5ts1 all f9ely pulv]iz$1 & exce$+ly well mix$ & rubb$ toge!r4 ,place a portion ( ! composition 9 a small t9 pan1 hav+ a poli%$ reflector fitt$ to "o side1 & set light to x2 :5 a spl5did gre5 illum9ation w be ! result4 ,by add+ a little calam9e1 x w burn m sl[ly4 ,,brilliant ,,r$ ,,fire4 ,weigh five ounces ( dry nitrate ( /rontia1 "o ounce & a half ( f9ely p[d]$ sulphur1 five drams ( *lorate ( pota%1 & f\r drams ( sulphuret ( antimony4 ,p[d] ! *lorate ( pota% & ! sulphuret ( antimony sep>ately 9 a mort>1 & mix !m on pap]2 aft] :i* add !m to ! o!r +r$i5ts1 previ\sly p[d]$ & mix$4 ,no o!r k9d ( mixture ?an rubb+ toge!r on pap] is requir$4 ,= use1 mix ) a portion ( ! p[d] a small quantity ( spirits ( w9e1 9 a t9 pan resembl+ a *eese toa/]1 light ! mixture1 & x w %$ a ri* crimson hue4 ,:5 ! fire burns dim & badly1 a v small quantity ( f9ely p[d]$ *>coal or lamp black w revive x4 ,,purple ,,fire4 ,dissolve *loride ( li?ium 9 _s ( w9e1 & :5 light$1 x w burn ) a purpli% flame4 ,,silv] ,,fire4 ,place ^u a piece ( burn+ *>coal a morsel ( ! dri$ cry/als ( nitrate ( silv] 7n ! lun> cau/ic71 & x w imm$iately ?r[ out ! mo/ beautiful sp>ks t c be imag9$1 :il/ ! surface ( ! *>coal w be coat$ ) silv]4 ,,! ,,fi]y ,,f\nta94 ,put into a glass tumbl] fifte5 gra9s ( f9ely granulat$ z9c1 & six gra9s ( phosphorus1 cut into v small pieces b5ea? wat]4 ,mix 9 ano!r glass1 gradually1 a dram ( sulphuric acid1 ) two drams ( wat]4 ,remove bo? glasses into a d>k room1 & !re p\r ! dilut$ acid ov] ! z9c & phosphorus 9 ! glass2 9 a %ort "t beautiful jets ( blui% flame w d>t f all p>ts ( ! surface ( ! mixture2 x w become q lum9\s1 & beautiful lum9\s smoke w rise 9 a column f ! glass1 ?us repres5t+ a f\nta9 ( fire4 ,,combu/ion ,,)\t ,,flame4 ,light a small gre5 wax tap]2 9 a m9ute or two1 bl[ out ! flame1 & ! wick w cont9ue r$ hot = _m h\rs2 & if ! tap] 7 regul>ly & c>efully uncoil$1 & ! room kept free f ! curr5t ( air1 ! wick w\ld burn on 9 ?is mann] until ! :ole 0 consum$4 ,! same effect is n produc$ :5 ! color ( ! wax is r$1 on :i* acc\nt r$ wax tap]s are saf] ?an gre51 = ! latt]1 if left imp]fectly ext+ui%$1 may set fire to any object ) :i* !y are 9 contact4 ,,combu/ion ,,( ,,?ree ,,metals4 ,mix a gra9 or two ( potassium ) an equal quantity ( sodium2 add a globule ( quicksilv]1 & ! ?ree metals1 :5 %ak51 w take fire1 & burn vividly4 ,,to ,,make ,,pap] ,,app>5tly ,,incombu/ible4 ,take a smoo? cyl9drical piece ( metal1 ab\t "o in* & a half 9 diamet]1 & eight in*es long2 wrap v closely r\nd x a piece ( clean writ+ pap]1 !n hold ! pap] 9 ! flame ( a _s lamp1 & x w n take fire2 b x may be held !re = a consid]able "t1 )\t be+ 9 ! lea/ affect$ by ! flame4 ,if ! pap] be /ra9$ ov] a cyl9d] ( wood1 x is quickly scor*$4 ,,heat ,,n ,,to ,,be ,,e/imat$ ,,by ,,t\*4 ,hold bo? h&s 9 wat] :i* causes ! !rmomet] to rise to n9ety degrees1 & :5 ! liquid has become /ill1 y w be ins5sible to ! heat1 & t ! h& is t\*+ any?+4 ,!n remove "o h& to wat] t causes ! !rmomet] to rise to two hundr$ degrees1 & ! o!r 9 wat] at ?irty-two degrees4 ,aft] hold+ ! h&s ?us = "s "t1 remove !m1 & aga9 imm]se !m 9 ! wat] at n9ety degrees2 :5 y w f9d w>m? 9 "o h& & cold 9 ! o!r4 ,to ! h& :i* _h be5 imm]s$ 9 ! wat] at ?irty-two degrees1 ! wat] at n9ety degrees w feel hot2 & to ! h& :i* _h be5 imm]s$ 9 ! wat] at two hundr$ degrees1 ! wat] at n9ety degrees w feel cool4 ,if1 !re=e1 ! t\* 9 ?is case be tru/$1 ! same wat] w be judg$ to be hot & cold at ! same "t4 ,,flame ,,^u ,,wat]4 ,fill a w9e glass ) cold wat]1 p\r lightly ^u its surface a little e!r2 light x by a slip ( pap]1 & x w burn = "s "t4 ,,rose-,,color$ ,,flame ,,^u ,,wat]4 ,drop a globule ( potassium1 ab\t ! size ( a l>ge pea1 into z small cup1 ne>ly full ( wat]1 conta9+ a drop or two ( /rong nitric acid2 ! mom5t t ! metal t\*es ! liquid1 x w float ^u its surface1 envelop$ ) a beautiful rose-color$ flame1 & entirely dissolve4 ,,to ,,set ,a ,,mixture ,,on ,,fire ,,) ,,wat]4 ,p\r into a sauc] a little sulphuric acid1 & place ^u x a *ip ( sodium1 :i* w float & rema9 un9flam$2 b ! addition ( a drop ( wat] w set x on fire4 ,,waves ,,( ,,fire ,,on ,,wat]4 ,on a lump ( ref9$ sug> let fall a few drops ( phosphurett$ e!r1 & put ! sug> into a glass ( w>m wat]1 :i* w in/antly appe> on fire at ! surface1 & 9 waves1 if g5tly bl[n ) ! brea?4 ,?is exp]im5t %\ld be exhibit$ 9 ! d>k4 ,,wat] ,,f ,,! ,,flame ,,( ,a ,,c&le4 ,hold a cold & dry bell glass ov] a light$ c&le1 & wat]y vapor w be directly cond5s$ on ! cold surface2 !n close ! m\? ( ! glass ) a c>d or plate1 & turn ! m\? upp]mo/2 remove ! c>d1 quickly p\r 9 a little lime-wat]1 a p]fectly cle> liquid1 & x w in/antly become turbid & milky1 ^u meet+ ) ! cont5ts ( ! glass1 j z lime-wat] *anges :5 dropp$ into a glass full ( wat]4 ,,=mation ,,( ,,wat] ,,by ,,fire4 ,put into a tea cup a little _s ( w9e1 set x on fire1 & inv]t a l>ge bell-glass ov] x4 ,9 a %ort "t1 a ?ick wat]y vapor w be se5 ^u ! inside ( ! bell1 :i* may be collect$ by a dry sponge4 ,,boil+ ,,^u ,,cold ,,wat]4 ,provide a tall glass j>1 fill$ ) cold wat]1 & place 9 x an air !rmomet]1 :i* w ne>ly rea* ! surface2 ^u ! surface place a small copp] bas91 into :i* put a little live *>coal3 ! surface ( ! wat] w soon be made to boil1 :ile ! !rmomet] w %[ t ! wat] b5ea? is sc>cely w>m] ?an x 0 at fir/4 ,,curr5ts ,,9 ,,boil+ ,,wat]4 ,fill a l>ge glass tube ) wat]1 & ?r[ into x a few p>ticles ( bruis$ amb]1 !n hold ! tube by a h&le = ! purpose1 upright 9 ! flame ( a lamp1 & z ! wat] becomes w>m1 x w be se5 t curr5ts1 c>ry+ ) !m ! pieces ( amb]1 w beg9 to asc5d 9 ! c5t]1 & to desc5d t[>ds ! circumf]5ce ( ! tube4 ,^! curr5ts w soon become rapid 9 _! motions1 & cont9ue till ! wat] boils4 ,,hot ,,wat] ,,light] ,,?an ,,cold4 ,p\r into a glass tube1 ab\t t5 in*es long1 & "o in* 9 diamet]1 a little wat] color$ ) p9k or o!r dye2 !n fill x up gradually & c>efully ) colorless wat]1 s z n to mix !m2 apply heat at ! bottom ( ! tube1 & ! color$ wat] w asc5d & be diffus$ ?r\gh\t ! :ole4 ,! circulation ( w>m wat] may be v pleas+ly %[n1 by heat+ wat] 9 a tube simil> to ! =ego+2 ! wat] hav+ diffus$ 9 x "s p>ticles ( any light sub/ance n soluble 9 wat]4 ,,expansion ,,( ,,wat] ,,by ,,cold4 ,all fluids1 except wat]1 dim9i% 9 bulk till !y freeze4 ,?us1 fill a l>ge !rmomet] tube ) wat]1 say ( ! temp]ature ( eighty degrees1 & !n plunge ! bulb into p\nd$ ice & salt1 or any o!r freez+ mixture3 ! wat] w g on %r9k+ 9 ! tube till x has atta9$ ! temp]ature ( ab\t =ty degrees2 & !n1 in/ead ( cont9u+ to contract till x freezes1 7z 9 ! case ) all o!r liquids71 x w be se5 sl[ly to exp&1 & consequ5tly to rise 9 ! tube1 until x congeals4 ,9 ?is case1 ! expansion bel[ =ty degrees1 & above =ty degrees1 seem to be equal2 s t ! wat] w be ( ! same bulk at ?irty-two degrees z at =ty-eight degrees1 t is1 at eight degrees above or bel[ =ty degrees4 ,,! ,,cup ,,( ,,tantalus4 ,?is pretty toy may be pur*as$ at any optician's = two or ?ree %ill+s4 ,x consi/s ( a cup1 9 :i* is plac$ a /&+ human figure1 conceal+ a syphon1 or b5t tube ) "o end long] ?an ! o!r4 ,?is rises 9 "o leg ( ! figure to rea* ! *91 & desc5ds ?r\gh ! o!r leg1 ?r\gh ! bottom ( ! cup to a res]voir b5ea?4 ,if y p\r wat] 9 ! cup1 x w rise 9 ! %ort] leg by its upw>d pressure1 driv+ out ! air be=e x ?r\gh ! long] leg2 & :5 ! cup is fill$ above ! b5d ( ! syphon1 7t is1 level ) ! *9 ( ! figure17 ! pressure ( ! wat] w =ce x ov] into ! long] leg ( ! syphon1 & ! cup w be empti$3 ! toy ?us imitat+ ,tantalus ( my?ology1 :o is repres5t$ by ! poets z puni%$ 9 ,erebus ) an insatiable ?ir/1 & plac$ up to ! *9 9 a pool ( wat]1 :i*1 h[ev]1 fl[$ away z soon z he attempt$ to ta/e x4 ,,! ,,magic ,,:irlpool4 ,fill a glass tumbl] ) wat]1 ?r[ ^u its surface a few fragm5ts or ?9 %av+s ( camphor1 & !y w in/antly beg9 to move1 & acquire a motion bo? progressive & rot>y1 :i* w cont9ue = a consid]able "t4 ,dur+ ^! rotations1 if ! wat] be t\*$ by any sub/ance :i* is at all greasy1 ! float+ p>ticles w quickly d>t back1 & z if by a /roke ( magic1 be in/antly depriv$ ( _! motion & vivacity4 ,9 l mann]1 if ?9 slices ( cork be /eep$ 9 sulphuric e!r 9 a clos$ bottle = two or ?ree days1 & !n plac$ ^u ! wat]1 !y w rotate = sev]al m9utes1 l ! camphor2 until ! slices ( cork hav+ dis*>g$ all _! e!r1 & become soak$ ) wat]1 !y w keep at re/4 ,if ! wat] be made hot1 ! motion ( ! camphor w be m rapid ?an 9 cold wat]1 b x w cease 9 proportionately less "t4 ,?us1 provide two glasses1 "o conta9+ wat] at fifty-eight degrees1 & ! o!r at two hundr$ & t5 degrees2 place rasp+s ( camphor ^u ea* at ! same "t2 ! camphor 9 ! fir/ glass w rotate = ab\t five h\rs1 until all b a v m9ute portion has evaporat$1 :ile ! rotation ( ! camphor 9 ! hot wat] w la/ only n9ete5 m9utes3 ab\t half ! camphor w pass (f1 & ! rema9+ pieces1 in/ead ( be+ dull1 :ite1 & opaque1 w be vitre\s & transp>5t1 & evid5tly soak$ ) wat]4 ,! gyrations1 too1 :i* at fir/ w be v rapid1 w gradually decl9e 9 velocity1 until !y become q sluggi%4 ,! /ill+ influ5ce ( oil ^u waves has become prov]bial3 ! extraord9>y mann] 9 :i* a small quantity ( oil in/antly spreads ov] a v l>ge surface ( tr\bl$ wat]1 & ! /eal?y mann] 9 :i* ev5 a r\gh w9d glides ov] x1 mu/ h excit$ ! admiration ( all :o h witness$ x4 ,by ! same pr9ciple a drop ( oil may be made to /op ! motion ( ! camphor1 z foll[s3 ,?r[ "s camphor1 bo? 9 slices & 9 small p>ticles1 ^u ! surface ( wat]1 & :ile !y are rotat+1 dip a glass rod into oil ( turp5t9e1 & all[ a s+le drop !re( to trickle d[n ! inn] side ( ! glass to ! surface ( ! wat]2 ! camphor w in/antly d>t to ! opposite po9t ( ! liquid surface1 & cease to rotate4 ,if a piece ( h>d tall[ or l>d be employ$1 ! motion ( ! camphor w be m sl[ly /opp$ ?an by oil or fluid grease1 z ! latt] spreads ov] ! surface ( ! wat] ) great] rapidity4 ,if a few drops ( sulphuric or muriatic acid be let fall into ! wat]1 !y w gradually /op ! motion ( ! camphor2 b if camphor be dropp$ into nitric acid dilut$ ) its own bulk ( wat]1 x w rotate rapidly = a few seconds1 & !n /op4 ,if a piece ( ! rotat+ camphor be att5tively exam9$ ) a l5s1 ! curr5ts ( ! wat] c be well di/+ui%$1 jett+ out1 *iefly f ! corn]s ( ! camphor1 & be>+ x r\nd ) irregul> =ce4 ,! curr5ts1 z giv5 out by ! camphor1 may also be se5 by means ( ! microscope2 a drop or two ( pure wat] be+ plac$ ^u a slip ( glass1 ) a p>ticle ( camphor float+ ^u x4 ,by ?is means ! curr5t may be detect$1 & x w be se5 t !y cause ! rotations4 ,or a flat wat*-glass1 call$ a lun>1 may be employ$1 rais$ a few in*es1 & support$ on a wire r+1 kept /eady by ?ru/+ "o end into an upright piece ( wood1 l a retort /&4 ,!n put ! camphor & wat] 9 ! wat*-glass1 & place "u ! frame a %eet ( :ite pap]1 s t x may receive ! %ad[ ( ! glass1 camphor1 c41 to be ca/ by a /eady light1 plac$ above1 & some:at on "o side ( ! wat* glass4 ,on obs]v+ ! %ad[1 :i* may be consid]$ a magnifi$ repres5tation ( ! object itself1 ! rotations & curr5ts c be di/+ui%$4 ,,artificial ,,fire ,,balls4 ,put ?irty gra9s ( phosphorus into a bottle1 :i* conta9s ?ree or f\r ounces ( wat]4 ,place ! vessel ov] a lamp1 & give x a boil+ heat4 ,balls ( fire w soon be se5 to issue f ! wat]1 aft] ! mann] ( an artificial fire-"w1 att5d$ ) ! mo/ beautiful coruscations4 ,,to ,,melt ,,/eel ,,z ,,easily ,,z ,,lead4 ,make a piece ( /eel r$ 9 ! fire1 !n hold x ) a pair ( p9c]s or tongs2 take 9 ! o!r h& a /ick ( brim/one1 & t\* ! piece ( /eel ) x4 ,imm$iately aft] _! contact1 y w see ! /eel melt & drop l a liquid4 ,,to ,,tell ,a ,,lady ,,if ,,%e ,,is ,,9 ,,love4 ,put into a phial "s sulphuric e!r1 color x r$ ) or*anet1 !n saturate ! t9cture ) sp]maceti4 ,?is prep>ation is solid t5 degrees above freez+ po9t1 & melts & boils at tw5ty degrees4 ,place ! phial :i* conta9s x 9 a lady's h&1 & tell h] t if 9 love1 ! solid mass w dissolve4 ,9 a few m9utes ! sub/ance w become fluid4 ,,an ,,egg ,,put ,,into ,a ,,phial4 ,to accompli% ?is seem+ly incr$ible act1 requires ! foll[+ prep>ation3 ,y mu/ take an egg & soak x 9 /rong v9eg>2 & 9 process ( "t its %ell w become q s(t1 s t x may be ext5d$ l5g?ways )\t break+2 !n ins]t x into ! neck ( a small bottle1 & by p\r+ cold wat] ^u x1 x w reassume its =m] figure & h>dness4 ,?is is really a complete curiosity1 & baffles ^? :o are n 9 ! secret to f9d out h[ x is accompli%$4 ,if ! v9eg> us$ to saturate ! egg is n suffici5tly /rong to produce ! requir$ s(tness ( %ell1 add "o teaspoonful ( /rong acetic acid to e two tablespoonfuls ( v9eg>4 ,?is w r5d] ! egg p]fectly flexible1 & ( easy ins]tion into ! bottle1 :i* mu/ !n be fill$ ) cold wat]4 ,,to ,,a/oni% ,a ,,l>ge ,,p>ty4 ,) "s lycopodium1 p[d] ! surface ( a l>ge or small vessel ( wat]2 y may !n *all5ge any "o to drop a piece ( money into ! wat]1 & t y w get x ) ! h& )\t wett+ y\r sk94 ,! lycopodium adh]es to ! h&1 & prev5ts its contact ) ! wat]4 ,a little %ake ( ! h&1 aft] ! feat is ov]1 w dislodge ! p[d]4 ,,te/ ,,pap]s4 ,on ! o!rwise b>r5 rocks :i* fr+e ! %ore ( ! ,cape de ,v]d ,isl&s1 gr[s ! ar*il--a fam\s seawe$ or li*51 r5[n$ among dy]s4 ,by a p>ticul> process ( manufacture1 ?is ar*il yields a beautiful blue pigm5t1 kn[n 9 ! *emical laboratory by ! "n ( litmus4 ,few colors are m fugitive ?an litmus4 ,be+ a f9e violet-blue1 x is *ang$ to r$ by s m9ute a portion ( any acid1 t x becomes1 :5 prop]ly appli$1 a te/ ( ! pres5ce ( ! latt] sub/ance4 ,z x is s frequ5tly desirable to "k :e!r a fluid be acid or alkal9e1 "o ( ! fir/ practical lessons to a /ud5t 9 *emi/ry1 is to prep>e litmus te/ pap]1 ?us3 ,put into a flask half an ounce ( litmus1 & ?ree ounces ( wat]2 let !m rema9 toge!r 9 a w>m place = a few h\rs1 !n filt] ! d>k blue liquid f its impurities1 divide ! solution obta9$ into two p>ts1 p\r "o portion into a sauc]1 & soak /rips ( :ite writ+ pap] 9 x until x has acquir$ a di/9ct blue color4 ,if n color$ en\gh by once dipp+ & dry+1 repeat ! op]ation4 ,:5 dry1 pres]ve ^! /rips 9 a box1 label$ ,blue litmus te/ pap]s4 ,^! s]ve to te/ any fluid1 to asc]ta9 if x has an acid reaction4 ,x is in/ructive to le>n h[ v small a portion ( any acid 9 wat] w be indicat$ by ! r$d5+ ( ! litmus4 ,) ! second portion ( ! fluid1 mix1 cauti\sly1 a few drops ( lemon juice1 until x is r$2 !n color pap] z be=e4 ,:5 dry1 ?is r$ litmus te/ pap] s]ves to indicate ! pres5ce ( alkalies1 a class ( bodies oppos$ to acids4 ,r$ litmus te/ pap]1 on be+ put into any fluid t is alkal9e1 su* z lime-wat]1 is imm$iately re/or$ to its orig9al blue color4 ,put ! a%es ( a cig> into wat]1 ! liquid1 :5 te/$1 w indicate ! pres5ce ( an alkali4 ,te/ "s /ale milk4 ,if y\r blue pap] becomes r$1 ! milk is s\r2 x is acid4 ,,inf9ite ,,divisibility ,,( ,,matt]4 ,dissolve a s+le gra9 ( copp] 9 ab\t "o dram ( nitric acid1 & dilute ! solution ) ab\t "o ounce ( wat]1 :5 x w be evid5t t a s+le drop ( ! mixture mu/ conta9 an almo/ immeasurably small portion ( copp]4 ,yet1 if ! blade ( a knife be dipp$ into x1 x w become cov]$ ) a coat ( copp]2 ?us %[+ t ! copp] c be inf9itely divid$ )\t any alt]ation 9 its prop]ties4 ,,footnotes3 ,footnote #d3 ,see also page #hd4 ,footnote #e3 ,all exp]im5ts m>k$ ?us1 991 %\ld be p]=m$ on ! hob ( ! grate1 to p]mit ! fumes to escape up ! *imney4 ,,amusem5ts ,,9 ,,electricity1 ,,galvanism ,,& ,,magnetism4 ,illu/ration ,,! ,,orig9 ,,( ,,galvanism4 ,electricity is "o ( ! mo/ active pr9ciples 9 nature4 ,x exi/s 9 all bodies1 & is exhibit$ by v>i\s means1 "o ( :i*1 & ! mo/ g5]ally employ$1 is friction2 b ! bodies rubb$ toge!r mu/ consi/ ( diff]5t sub/ances2 =1 if !y are alike1 electricity w n be evolv$4 ,"s sub/ances1 su* z soot1 *>coal1 iron1 gold1 silv]1 copp]1 & o!r metals1 wat]1 c41 are call$ good conductors1 because !y transf] ) great facility to o!r bodies ! electric fluid1 :i* glides ov] ! surface ) ! velocity ( light2 :ile o!rs1 su* z silk1 wool1 hair1 fea!rs1 dry pap]1 lea!r1 glass1 wax1 c41 are call$ non-conductors1 because !y resi/ ! progress ( ! fluid1 :i* accumulates all ! "t ! friction cont9ues4 ,x is f ^! m$ia t are obta9$ ! usual ph5om5a ( electricity1 z exhibit$ 9 ! exp]im5ts :i* we %all h]eaft] describe4 ,its effects are felt 9 almo/ e "p ( nature2 ! awful lightn+ is ! exhibition ( ! electric fluid1 :i* accumulates 9 ! cl\ds1 & :i* is dis*>g$ :5 ! heavy lurid masses come 9 contact ) ea* o!r2 ! my/]i\s sweep+ :irlw9d1 ! t]rific ris+ & roll+ ( ! s& 9 ! des]t wilds ( ,africa1 & ! beautiful yet evanesc5t ,aurora ,borealis ( ! nor!rn climes1 are among/ a few ( its effects4 ,! next bran* ( ! sci5ce ( ,electricity is ,,galvanism1 or1 z x is sometimes call$1 ,voltaic ,electricity2 x is obta9$ ?r\gh ! simple contact ( diff]5t conduct+ bodies ) ea* o!r4 ,x 0 fir/ discov]$ at ,bologna1 9 ! ye> #agia1 by ! lady ( ,l\is ,galvani1 an ,italian philosoph] ( great m]it1 & pr(essor ( anatomy2 f :om1 inde$1 ! sci5ce receiv$ its "n4 ,8 wife be+ possess$ ( a p5etrat+ und]/&+1 & passionately lov+ him1 took a lively int]e/ 9 ! sci5ce :i* s mu* occupi$ 8 att5tion4 ,at ! "t ! incid5t we are ab\t to n>rate took place1 %e 0 9 a decl9+ /ate ( heal?1 & tak+ s\p made ( frogs1 by way ( re/orative4 ,"s ( ^! animals1 sk9n$ = ! purpose1 happ5$ to be ly+ on ! table ( ,galvani's laboratory1 :]e also /ood an electrical ma*9e1 :5 ! po9t ( a knife 0 un9t5tionally br\ght into contact ) ! n]ves ( "o ( ! frog's legs1 :i* lay close to ! conductor ( ! ma*9e1 & imm$iately ! muscles ( ! limb 7 viol5tly agitat$4 ,madame ,galvani hav+ obs]v$ ! ph5om5on1 in/antly in=m$ h] husb& ( x1 & ?is incid5t l$ to ! exp]im5ts & int]e/+ discov]ies :i* w transmit 8 "n to ! late/ po/]ity4 ,! uses ( ,galvanic ,electricity = sci5tific purposes are incalculable2 & its ph5om5a are s v>i\s & extraord9>y1 z to r5d] ! /udy ( ?is sci5ce exce$+ly int]e/+4 ,?r\gh means ( a galvanic batt]y1 sub/ances are decompos$1 colors *ang$1 wat] is made inflammable1 & motion is giv5 to lifeless bodies4 ,! exp]im5ts we give on ,galvanism %[ ! effect ( ! comb9ation :i* =ms :at is call$ a simple galvanic circle1 by means ( two metals1 z9c & silv]1 or z9c & copp]1 & wat]4 ,galvanic action is always accompani$ by *emical action1 & all t is necess>y to di/urb ! galvanic fluid is to unite two metals toge!r1 & subject !m to ! action ( a fluid1 :i* w act *emically ^u "o ( !m1 diff]5tly to :at x does ^u ! o!r4 ,a galvanic circle may also be =m$ ( "o metal1 & two diff]5t fluids1 :i* h a diff]5t action ^u ! metal4 ,magnetism is a modification ( electricity3 at lea/1 !re is suffici5t evid5ce t ^! causes are intimately connect$1 if n id5tical2 b philosoph]s are z yet ignorant ( its nature4 ,! prop]ty designat$ by ! ^w magnetism is f\nd 9 an iron ore ( a c]ta9 composition1 & ( a d>k gray color & peculi> lu/]4 ,?is ore alone is ! local habitation ( magnetism1 :il/ all o!rs are subject to its influ5ce1 or to be attract$ by x4 ,/ill1 s little diff]5ce is !re betwe5 ! magnetic ore1 or load/one1 & ^? :i* d n possess ! prop]ty1 t only practic$ m9]alogi/s c disc]n "o f ! o!r2 & an exp]i5c$ eye may see two ores jo9 ea* o!r by ! pr9ciple ( attraction1 )\t kn[+ 9 :i* resides ! p[]1 until ano!r ore1 non-magnetic1 is br\ght )9 ! sph]e ( attraction1 :5 x w adh]e only to t :i* conta9s ! pr9ciple4 ,?is s+ul> prop]ty ( ! load/one is imp>t$ to o!r metallic sub/ances1 by rubb+ & keep+ !m close toge!r = "s l5g? ( "t3 if a metal be ( a h>d texture l /eel1 x reta9s ! magnetic pr9ciple p]man5tly2 b if s(t1 x loses ! p[] z soon z sep>at$ f ! magnet4 ,! metals ?us prep>$1 acquire ! same directive & attractive p[] z ! load/one or natural magnet1 & are employ$ = purposes ( ! utmo/ importance4 ,we proce$ to give ! y\?ful amateur ! opportunity ( exemplify+ ! pr9ciples ( electricity1 galvanism1 & magnetism1 by sev]al simple exp]im5ts4 ,illu/ration ,,exp]im5ts ,,9 ,,electricity4 ,illu/ration #a4--,lay a wat* d[n ^u a table1 & on its face balance a tobacco-pipe v c>efully4 ,next take a w9e-glass1 rub x quickly ) a silk h&k]*ief1 & hold x = half a m9ute be=e ! fire2 !n apply x ne> to ! end ( ! pipe1 & ! latt]1 attract$ by ! electricity evolv$ by ! friction & w>m? 9 ! =m]1 w imm$iately foll[ x2 & by c>ry+ ! glass ar\nd1 always 9 front ( ! pipe1 ! latt] w cont9ue its rotatory motion2 ! wat*-glass be+ ! c5t] or pivot on :i* x acts4 #b4--,w>m a glass tube1 rub x ) a w>m flannel1 & !n br+ a d[ny fea!r ne> x4 ,on ! fir/ mom5t ( contact1 ! fea!r w adh]e to ! glass1 b soon aft] w fly rapidly f x1 & y may drive x ab\t ! room by hold+ ! glass betwe5 x & ! surr\nd+ objects2 %\ld x1 h[ev]1 come 9 contact ) any?+ n "u ! influ5ce ( electricity1 x w in/antly fly back to ! glass4 #c4--;,a /ick ( seal+-wax rubb$ aga9/ a w>m piece ( flannel or clo?1 acquires ! prop]ty ( attract+ light sub/ances1 su* z small pieces ( pap]1 l9t1 c41 if in/antly appli$ at ! di/ance ( ab\t an in*4 #d4--,susp5d two small pi? balls1 by f9e silk5 ?reads ( ab\t six in*es 9 l5g?1 9 su* a mann]1 t :5 at re/ !y may hang 9 contact ) ea* o!r2 on apply+ a piece ( seal+ wax1 excit$ z 9 ! =m] exp]im5t1 !y w repel ea* o!r4 #e4--,take a piece ( common br[n pap]1 ab\t ! size ( an octavo book1 hold x be=e ! fire till q dry & hot1 !n draw x briskly "u ! arm sev]al times1 s z to rub x on bo? sides at once by ! coat4 ,! pap] w be f\nd s p[]fully electrical1 t if plac$ aga9/ a wa9scot$ or pap]$ wall ( a room1 x w rema9 !re = "s m9utes )\t fall+4 #f4--;,& if1 :ile ! pap] adh]es to ! wall1 a light fleecy fea!r be plac$ aga9/ x1 x w be attract$ to ! pap]1 9 ! same way z ! pap] is attract$ to ! wall4 #g4--;,if ! pap] be aga9 w>m$1 & drawn "u ! arm z be=e1 & hung up by a ?read atta*$ to "o corn] ( x1 x w hold up sev]al fea!rs on ea* side2 %\ld ^! fall (f f diff]5t sides at ! same "t1 !y w cl+ toge!r v /rongly2 & if aft] a m9ute !y be all %ak5 (f1 !y w fly to "o ano!r 9 a v s+ul> mann]4 #h4--,w>m & excite ! pap] z be=e1 lay x on a table1 & place ^u x a ball made ( eld] pi?1 ab\t ! size ( a pea2 ! ball w imm$iately run across ! pap]1 & if a ne$le be po9t$ t[>ds x1 x w aga9 run to ano!r "p1 & s on = a consid]able "t4 #i4--,support a pane ( glass1 previ\sly w>m$1 ^u two books1 "o at ea* end1 & place "s bran und]nea?2 !n rub ! upp] side ( ! glass ) a black silk h&k]*ief1 or a piece ( flannel1 & ! bran w dance up & d[n "u x ) mu* rapidity4 #aj4--,place y\r left h& ^u ! ?roat ( a cat1 & ) ! middle f+] & ! ?umb1 press slightly ! bones ( ! animal's %\ld]s2 !n1 if ! "r h& be g5tly pass$ along ! back1 p]ceptible %ocks ( electricity w be felt 9 ! left h&4 ,%ocks may also be obta9$ by t\*+ ! tips ( ! e>s aft] rubb+ ! back4 ,if ! color ( ! cat be black1 & ! exp]im5t be made 9 a d>k room1 ! electric sp>ks may be v pla9ly se54 ,v di/9ct *>ges ( electricity may also be obta9$ by t\*+ ! tips ( ! e>s aft] apply+ friction to ! back1 & ! same may be obta9$ f ! foot4 ,plac+ ! cat on y\r knees1 apply ! "r h& to ! back2 ! left =e paw re/+ on ! palm ( y\r left h&1 apply ! ?umb to ! upp] side ( ! paw1 s z to ext5d ! claws1 & by ?is means1 br+ y\r =e f+] into contact ) "o ( ! bones ( ! leg1 :]e x jo9s ! paw2 :51 f ! knob or end ( ?is bone1 ! f+] slightly press+ on x1 y may feel di/9ctly successive %ocks1 simil> to ^? obta9$ f ! e>s4 ,x is1 p]haps1 unnecess>y to add1 t1 9 ord] to ?is exp]im5t be+ conv5i5tly p]=m$1 ! exp]im5t] mu/ be on good t]ms ) ! cat4 ,,electrical ,,%ock ,,f ,a ,,%eet ,,( ,,pap]4 ,place an iron japann$ tea tray on a dry1 clean1 beak] glass2 !n take a %eet ( foolscap writ+ pap]1 & hold x close to ! fire until all its hygrometric moi/ure is dissipat$1 b n s z to scor* x2 9 ?is /ate x is "o ( ! f9e/ electrics we h4 ,hold "o end d[n on a table ) ! f+] & ?umb1 & give x ab\t a doz5 /rokes ) a l>ge piece ( ,india rubb] f ! left to ! "r1 beg9n+ at ! top4 ,n[ take x up by two ( ! corn]s & br+ x ov] ! tray1 & x w fall d[n on x l a /one2 if "o f+] be n[ br\ght "u ! tray1 a s5sible %ock w be felt4 ,n[ lay a ne$le on ! tray ) its po9t project+ outw>ds1 remove ! pap]1 & a /> sign ( ! negative electricity w be se53 return ! pap]1 & ! positive bru% w appe>4 ,9 fact1 x =ms a v extemporane\s electrophorus1 :i* w give a sp>k an in* long1 & /rong en\gh to set fire to "s combu/ible bodies1 & to exhibit all ! electric ph5om5a n requir+ coat$ surfaces4 ,if f\r beak] glasses are plac$ on ! floor1 & a book laid on !m1 a p]son may /& on !m insulat$2 if he !n holds ! tray v]tically1 ! pap] w adh]e /rongly to x1 & sp>ks may be drawn f any "p ( 8 body2 or he may draw sp>ks f any o!r p]son1 z ! case may be2 or he may set fire to "s inflammable bodies1 by t\*+ !m ) a piece ( ice4 ,,light ,,"u ,,wat]4 ,rub two pieces ( f9e lump sug> toge!r 9 ! d>k1 & a bright electric light w be produc$4 ,! same effect1 b 9 a m int5se degree1 may be produc$ ) two pieces ( silex or qu>tz1 ! :ite qu>tz be+ be/ = ?is purpose4 ,! same effect may also be witness$ by rubb+ ! pieces ( qu>tz toge!r1 "u wat]4 ,,simple ,,means ,,( ,,produc+ ,,electricity4 ,illu/ration ,to %[ ! nature ( electrical action1 rub a piece ( seal+-wax or amb] ^u ! coat sleeve1 & x w be f\nd t :ile w>m by ! friction1 x attracts light bodies1 su* z /raws or small pieces ( pap]4 ,9 our exp]im5ts we h %[n t if a clean glass tube be rubb$ sev]al times ?r\gh a silk5 or lea!r clo?1 & pres5t$ to any sub/ance1 x w imm$iately attract or repel !m2 & if a pok] susp5d$ by a dry silk /r+ be pres5t$ to its upp] end1 !n ! l[] end ( ! pok] w exhibit ! same ph5om5a z ! tube itself1 :i* %[s t ! electrical fluid passes ?r\gh ! metal4 ,b if = a metallic body a /ick ( glass or seal+ wax be sub/itut$1 ^! ph5om5a w n occur1 :i* proves t ! electrical fluid does n pass ?r\gh ^! sub/ances4 ,by ?is x w be p]ceiv$ t besides ! class ( bodies call$ electrics1 !re is ano!r :i* we call conductors4 ,^! bodies _c be excit$ !mselves1 b h ! p[] ( transmitt+ ! electric fluid ?r\gh !m4 ,^! bodies comprise all ! metals1 "s metal & metallic ores2 ! fluids ( animal bodies2 wat]1 & o!r fluids1 except oil2 ice1 sn[1 e>?y sub/ances1 smoke1 /eam1 & ev5 a vacuum4 ,illu/ration ,:5 any electrifi$ conductor is :olly surr\nd$ by non-conductors1 s t ! electric fluid _c pass f ! conductor along conductors to ! e>?1 x is said to be insulat$4 ,?us ! human body is a conductor ( electricity2 b if a p]son /&+ on a glass /ool 7z repres5t$ 9 ! draw+7 be *>g$ ) electricity1 ! electric fluid _c pass f him to ! e>?1 & he is said to be positively electrifi$1 because he has m ?an 8 natural %>e2 he is also insulat$1 & if he be t\*$ by ano!r p]son /&+ on ! gr\nd1 sp>ks w be exhibit$ at ! po9t ( contact1 :]e also ! p]son t\*+ w feel a prick+ s5sation4 ,,attraction ,,& ,,repulsion ,,exhibit$4 ,illu/ration ,9 ord] to illu/rate c]ta9 rem>kable facts 9 ?is sci5ce ( an amus+ "*1 att5tion mu/ be direct$ to ! figure ,a ,b1 :i* is a metal /&2 ,c is a small piece ( cork or pi?1 :i* is susp5d$ f ! hook by a dry silk5 ?read4 ,hav+ rubb$ an electron1 z a dry rod ( glass1 & pres5t$ x to ,c1 ! ball w be in/antane\sly attract$ to ! glass1 & w adh]e to x4 ,aft] !y rema9 9 contact = a few seconds1 if ! glass be )drawn )\t be+ t\*$ by ! f+]s1 & aga9 pres5t$ to ! ball1 ! latt] w be repell$ in/ead ( attract$1 z 9 ! fir/ in/ance4 ,by be+ t\*$ ) ! f+]1 ! ball c be depriv$ ( its electricity1 & if1 aft] ?is has be5 done1 we pres5t a piece ( seal+-wax 9 place ( ! glass =m]ly employ$1 ! v same ph5om5a w take place4 ,on ! fir/ application ! ball w be attract$1 & on ! second repell$4 ,be=e ! "y read] c p]=m any v important exp]im5ts ) electricity1 he mu/ become possess$ ( an ,,electrical ,,ma*9e1 :i* is an in/rum5t contriv$ = ! purpose ( rubb+ toge!r ! surfaces ( electrics & non-electrics4 ,!y g5]ally consi/ ( a cyl9d]1 or plate ( glass1 & a piece ( silk = x to rub aga9/1 cov]$ ) an amalgam1 ! me?od ( prep>+ :i* we %all h]eaft] describe4 ,,h[ ,,to ,,make ,,an ,,electrical ,,ma*9e4 ,illu/ration ,x is v easy to make a glass ma*9e ( ! cyl9drical =m1 if ! mak] _c af=d to buy "o4 ,fir/ procure a common w9e bottle ( good dim5sions1 & ?icki% glass ,drill a hole ?r\gh its bottom1 by ignit+ a piece ( wor/$ ti$ r\nd r\nd x1 dipp$ 9 turp5t9e1 :i* w d ?is4 ,?r\gh ?is hole & ! m\? pass a sp9dle1 z repres5t$ 9 ! cut4 ,! end ( ,b %\ld be squ>$ to fix a h&le on1 & ! sp9dle %\ld be fix$ firmly 9 ! bottle4 ,! bottle is !n to be fix$ 9 a frame1 9 ! foll[+ mann]3 ,! end ( ! sp9dle ,c passes ?r\gh a hole at ,b2 & ! o!r end at ,c has ! h&le = turn+ ! ma*9e4 ,illu/ration ,illu/ration3 ,,cu%ion4 ,next make a cu%ion ( wa%-lea!r1 /uff$ ) wool1 & fa/5$ to ! top ( a frame ( ! foll[+ figure4 ,?is frame is to be ( su* a height t ! cu%ion %all press aga9/ ! sides ( ! bottle1 & a piece ( black silk is sewn on to ! top ( ! cu%ion1 & hangs ov] ! bottle ,d4 ,! cu%ion %\ld be sme>$ ) an amalgam1 =m$ by melt+ toge!r 9 ! b[l ( a tobacco pipe1 "o "p ( t9 ) two ( z9c2 to :i*1 :ile fluid1 %\ld be add$ six p>ts ( m]cury4 ,^! %\ld be /irr$ ab\t till q cold1 & !n r$uc$ to a f9e p[d] 9 a mort>1 & mix$ ) a suffici5t quantity ( l>d to =m a ?icki% pa/e4 ,:5 all is done1 ! ma*9e is complete4 ,,conductor4 ,! electricity be+ g5]at$ by ! friction produc$ betwe5 ! rubb] & ! bottle f ! motion imp>t$ by ! h&le1 x is necess>y to draw x (f = use4 ,?is is p]=m$ by :at is call$ a conductor4 ,?is is made 9 ! foll[+ mann]3 ,at "r angles to "o end ( a cyl9d] ( wood1 ab\t two in*es & a half 9 diamet]1 & six in*es long1 fix a small wood5 cyl9d] ab\t ?ree qu>t]s ( an in* 9 diamet]1 & ?ree in*es long1 r\nd$ at bo? ends--! o!r end ( ! l>g] cyl9d] is also to be r\nd$4 ,cov] ! :ole ) t9foil1 & m\nt x on a /& on a glass rod4 ,:5 us$1 x is to be plac$ ) ! ev5 piece 9 a l9e ev5 )1 & ab\t half an in* f ! bottle1 & x %\ld be ( su* a height z to come j bel[ ! silk apron4 ,:5 x is wi%$ to *>ge a ,leyd5 j>1 x is to be plac$ at ! r\nd end ( ! conductor4 ,by ^! simple means a great v>iety ( pleas+ exp]im5ts may be p]=m$2 b to %[ ! v>i\s ph5om5a connect$ ) ?is int]e/+ /udy1 we %all n[ describe an electrical ma*9e ( ! newe/ con/ruction1 & p]=m our exp]im5ts ) x4 ,,! ,,plate ,,electrical ,,ma*9e4 ,illu/ration ,=m]ly ! electrical ma*9e 0 made 9 ! =m ( a cyl9d]1 b n[ x consi/s ( a plate ,a1 z se5 9 ! engrav+4 ,! plate is turn$ by ! h&le ,f1 ?r\gh ! rubb] ,b ,b1 :i* diffuses ! excitem5t ov] ! glass4 ,! po9ts or balls at ea* side ( ! plate c>ry (f a con/ant /ream ( positive electricity to ! prime conductor ,c4 ,negative electricity is g5]at$ by insulat+ ! conductor to :i* ! cu%ion is atta*$1 & cont9u+ ! prime conductor ) ! gr\nd1 s z to c>ry (f ! fluid collect$ f ! plate4 ,,h[ ,,to ,,draw ,,sp>ks ,,f ,,! ,,tip ,,( ,,! ,,nose4 ,if ! p]son :o works ! ma*9e be support$ on a /ool hav+ glass legs1 & connect$ ) ! conductor by means ( a glass rod1 ! electricity w pass f ! conductor to him1 & z x _c get away1 ow+ to ! glass on :i* he /&s be+ a non-conductor1 any p]son on t\*+ him c draw ! electricity f him1 :i* w exhibit itself 9 small sp>ks z x passes to ! p]son :o t\*es him4 ,if t\*$ on ! nose1 sp>ks ( fire w issue f x4 ,,h[ ,,to ,,get ,a ,,j> ,,full ,,( ,,electricity4 ,illu/ration ,a mo/ useful piece ( electrical app>atus is call$ ! ,leyd5 j>1 "h repres5t$4 ,x is employ$ = ! purpose ( obta9+ a quantity ( electricity1 :i* may be appli$ to any sub/ance4 ,x consi/s ( a glass j>1 coat$ bo? inside & )\t1 f\r fif?s ( ! way up1 ) t9foil4 ,a knob rises ?r\gh a wood5 top1 communicat+ ) ! inside ( ! j>4 ,:5 x is wi%$ to *>ge ! j>1 ?is knob is appli$ to ! prime conductor ( ! electrical ma*9e :5 9 action1 & a quantity ( electricity be+ giv5 (f1 ! j> w rema9 *>g$ ) x till a connection is made1 by "s good conductor ( electricity1 betwe5 ! knob & ! outside t9foil4 ,a piece ( brass *a9 mu/ hang f ! /em t c>ries ! knob1 & connect x ) ! int]ior ( ! j>4 ,,! ,,electrical ,,batt]y4 ,illu/ration ,if sev]al ( ^! j>s be unit$1 an enorm\s quantity ( electricity c be collect$2 b 9 arrang+ !m1 all ! int]ior coat+s mu/ be made to communicate by metallic rods1 & a simil> union mu/ be effect$ among ! ext]ior coat+s4 ,:5 ?us arrang$1 ! :ole s]ies may be *>g$ z if !y =m$ b "o j>4 ,illu/ration ,= ! purpose ( mak+ a direct communication betwe5 ! inn] or out] coat+s ( a j> or batt]y1 by :i* a dis*>ge is effect$1 an in/rum5t call$ a dis*>g+ rod is employ$4 ,x consi/s ( two b5t metallic rods1 t]m9at+ at "o end by brass balls1 & connect$ at ano!r by a jo9t :i* is fix$ to ! end ( a glass h&le1 & :i*1 act+ l a pair ( compasses1 all[s ( ! balls be+ sep>at$ at c]ta9 di/ances4 ,:5 op5$ to ! prop] degree1 "o ( ! balls is made to t\* ! ext]ior coat+1 & ! o!r ball is !n br\ght into contact ) ! knob ( ! j>1 :5 a dis*>ge is effect$2 :ile ! glass h&le secures ! p]son hold+ x f ! effects ( ! %ock4 ,,danc+ ,,balls ,,& ,,dolls4 ,illu/ration ,illu/ration ,get two r\nd pieces ( wood1 ,a ,b1 & coat !m ) t9 foil1 or two pieces ( metal plate2 atta* "o ( !m to ! prime conductor by a *a91 & let x hang ab\t two or ?ree in*es f ! knob4 ,place "s pi? balls ^u ! bottom piece ( wood ,b1 & br+ x "u ! o!r4 ,imm$iately ?is is done1 & ! upp] piece is *>g$ by electricity f ! ma*9e1 ! pi? balls w jump up & d[n1 & f "o to ! o!r ) great rapidity4 ,if "s ( ! pi? be =m$ into little figures1 !y w also dance & leap ab\t 9 ! mo/ grotesque mann]4 ,! same may be made to dance by m]ely hold+ ! inside ( a dry glass tumbl] to ! prime conductor = a few m9utes1 :ile ! ma*9e is 9 action1 & !n :elm+ x ov] !m1 :5 !y w jump ab\t to ! no small a/oni%m5t ( ! spectators1 z ! cause ( _! motion is n q s app>5t4 ,,! ,,electrical ,,kiss4 ,?is amus+ exp]im5t is p]=m$ by means ( ! electrical /ool4 ,let any lady *all5ge a g5tleman n acqua9t$ ) ! exp]im5t1 to favor h] ) a salute4 ,! lady !reupon m\nts ! glass /ool1 & takes hold ( a *a9 connect$ ) ! prime conductor4 ,! ma*9e be+ !n put 9 motion1 ! g5tleman approa*es ! lady1 & imm$iately he attempts to impr9t ! seal ( s(t affection ^u h] coral lips1 a sp>k w fly 9 8 face1 :i* g5]ally det]s him f 8 ra% & wick$ int5tion4 ,,r++ ,,bells4 ,illu/ration ,bells may be made to r+ by electricity 9 ! foll[+ mann]4 ,let ?ree small bells be susp5d$ f a brass wire ,d ,d1 & support$ by a glass pill> ,a1 pass+ ?r\gh bell ,b to ! bell ,e4 ,! electrical app>atus be+ atta*$ to ! knob ,f ! electricity passes d[n ! wires ,d ,d to ! bells1 :i* are !n positively electrifi$1 & attract ! clapp]s ,c ,c1 t are negatively s1 9 consequ5ce ( be+ insulat$ by ! silk5 /r+s1 :i* are n conductors4 ,! bells !re=e attract ! clapp]s till !y are *>g$1 :5 !y /rike aga9/ ! c5t] bell to dis*>ge !mselves1 & ?us a peal is rung on ! bells until ! electricity is driv5 (f4 ,,work+ ,,p[] ,,( ,,electricity4 ,illu/ration ,?is may be %[n 9 a v>iety ( ways4 ,! subjo9$ ma*9e w exhibit ! pr9ciple ^u :i* _m +5i\s toys may be made by ! "y philosoph]4 ,9 ! figure ,a is a wood5 bo>d or /&1 ,b ,b ,b ,b1 f\r pill>s hav+ f9e wires1 ,c ,c1 /ret*$ above4 ,on ^! re/ ! rotatory wire or :eel ,f1 hav+ its po9ts turn$ ! rev]se way4 ,by means ( a *a9 atta*$ to ! conductor1 & to ! in/rum5t at ,b1 ! electricity passes ov] ! pill> ,b1 up ! wire ,c into ! :eel1 & (f at ! po9ts1 :i* causes x to be turn$ r\nd on an incl9$ plane till x rea*es ! top4 ,,! ,,electrifi$ ,,wig4 ,:ile a p]son is on ! electrical /ool1 if he be *>g$ ) mu* electricity1 ,ea* hair w /& on end1 ,l quills ^u ! fretful porcup9e4 ,illu/ration ,a wood5 head1 n y\r own1 b a real wood5 head1 ) a wig ( /ream+ hair1 & a h&some face to correspond1 may be made 9 ! foll[+ =m1 ) a wire 9 ! neck to support x by1 & fix$ 9 ! conductor ( an electrical ma*9e4 ,:5 ?is is put 9 motion1 ! hair w rise up z 9 figure #b1 to a/oni% ev5 ,:igs1 :o are seldom a/oni%$ by1 or det]r$ f any?+4 ,,imitation ,,?und]cl\ds4 ,to %[ ! mann] 9 :i* ?und]cl\ds p]=m _! op]ations 9 ! air4 ,a ,a is a wood5 /&1 on :i* are erect$ two uprights1 ,b ,b2 ,c ,c are two small pulleys1 ov] :i* a silk5 cord c pull easily2 ,e is ano!r silk5 l9e /ret*$ across f "o upright to ano!r2 on ^! silk5 cords two pieces ( ?9 c>dbo>d1 cov]$ ) t9 foil1 & cut s z to repres5t cl\ds1 are to be fix$ horizontally1 & made to communicate by means ( ?9 wires1 ,f & ,g1 "o ) ! inside1 & ! o!r ) ! outside ( a *>g$ j>1 ,d4 ,n[1 by pull+ ! loop ( ! silk l9e ,e1 ! cl\d #a w be br\ght ne> ! cl\d #b2 cont9ue ?is sl[ly until ! cl\ds 7:i* are furni%$ ) two small brass balls7 are )9 an in* ( ea* o!r1 :5 a beautiful fla%1 /rongly resembl+ lightn+ 9 m9iature1 w pass f "o cl\d to ! o!r1 re/or+ electrical equilibrium4 ,illu/ration ,,! ,,lightn+-,,/roke ,,imitat$4 ,if ! j> ,d be put beh9d ! /&1 & ! cl\d #b remov$1 a vessel communicat+ by means ( a wire ) ! outside ( ! j>1 may be swum 9 wat] "u ! rema9+ cl\d2 ! ma/ be+ made ( sep>ate pieces1 & b slightly jo9$ toge!r4 ,:5 ! cl\d is pass$ ov] ! vessel1 ! ma/ w be /ruck & %att]$ to pieces4 ,illu/ration ,,! ,,sportsman4 ,?is app>atus is capable ( af=d+ mu* amusem5t3 ,a is a /& ( wood1 ,b is a common ,leyd5 j>1 out ( :i* proce$ ! wires ,h ,h1 "o t]m9at+ 9 ball ,f1 ! o!r 9 ! ball ,d1 to :i* are atta*$ a numb] ( pi? birds1 by silk5 /r+s2 ,e is a %elf = ! birds to re/ ^u2 ,c is ! sportsman2 ,g 8 gun4 ,to put ?is op]ation 9 motion1 ! ,leyd5 j> is to be *>g$ ) electricity1 by affix+ a *a9 to ! bottom "p ( x1 & connect+ x ) an electrical ma*9e 9 ! usual mann]1 or by apply+ x to a prime conductor1 :5 ! birds w fly (f ! knob to :i* !y are fix$1 9 consequ5ce ( _! be+ repell$4 ,if ! sportsman & gun be !n turn$1 s t ! end ( 8 gun %all t\* ! knob ,f1 an electric sp>k w pass f "o to ! o!r1 a report w be he>d1 & ! birds w fall d[n z if %ot1 9 consequ5ce ( ! electricity hav+ be5 tak5 f ! ,leyd5 j>4 ,!re %\ld be a communication betwe5 ! sportsman & ! j>1 =m$ ( t9foil1 or "s metal1 z %[n by ! dott$ l9e on ! /&4 ,illu/ration ,su* are a few ( _m exp]im5ts :i* may be made by ! "y exp]im5t]1 :o is fond ( sci5ce & has any +5uity2 b %\ld he possess little love ( rese>*1 no +5uity1 & w\ld l to amuse himself ) an electrify+ ma*9e ( little co/1 he may sit himself d[n to a ,,black ,,tom ,,cat1 & be a ,katt]felto at once4 ,illu/ration ,,exp]im5ts ,,9 ,,galvanism4 #a4 ,place a ?9 plate ( z9c ^u ! upp] surface ( ! tongue1 & a half doll> or a piece ( silv] on ! "u surface4 ,all[ ! metals to rema9 = a little "t 9 contact ) ! tongue be=e !y are made to t\* ea* o!r1 t ! ta/e ( ! metals !mselves may n be conf\nd$ ) ! s5sation produc$ by _! contact4 ,:5 ! edges ( ! metals1 :i* project beyond ! tongue1 are !n suff]$ to t\*1 a galvanic s5sation is produc$1 :i* x is difficult accurately to describe4 #b4 ,place a silv] teaspoon z high z possible betwe5 ! gums & ! upp] lip1 & a piece ( z9c betwe5 ! gums & ! "u lip4 ,on br++ ! extremities ( ! metals into contact1 a v vivid s5sation1 & an effect l a fla% ( light across ! eyes1 w be p]ceiv$4 ,x is s+ul> t ?is light is equally vivid 9 ! d>k & 9 ! /ronge/ light1 & :e!r ! eyes be %ut or op54 #c4 ,put a silv] cup or mug1 fill$ ) wat]1 ^u a plate ( z9c on a table1 & j t\* ! wat] ) ! tip ( ! tongue2 x w be ta/eless s long z ! z9c plate is n h&l$1 = ! body does n =m a voltaic circle ) ! metals4 ,moi/5 y\r h& well1 take hold ( ! plate ( z9c1 & t\* ! wat] ) y\r tongue1 :5 a v peculi> s5sation1 & an acid ta/e1 w be exp]i5c$4 #d4 ,take a piece ( copp] ( ab\t six in*es 9 wid?1 & put ^u x a piece ( z9c ( r small] dim5sions1 ins]t+ a piece ( clo?1 ( ! same size z ! z9c1 betwe5 !m2 place a lee* ^u ! piece ( z9c1 & ?\gh !re appe> no?+ to h9d] x f crawl+ away1 yet x w n pass f ! z9c to ! copp]1 because its damp body act+ z a conductor to ! fluid di/urb$1 z soon z x t\*es ! copp] x receives a galvanic %ock1 & ( c\rse retires to its re/+-place4 #e4 ,plunge an iron knife into a solution ( sulphate ( copp] 7blue-/one72 by *emical action1 only1 x w become cov]$ ) metallic copp]4 ,imm]se 9 ! same solution a piece ( plat9um1 tak+ c>e n to let x t\* ! iron1 & no deposition ( copp] w take place ^u x2 b if ! upp] ends ( ! metals be br\ght into contact ) ea* o!r1 a copi\s deposition ( copp] w soon settle ^u ! plat9um likewise4 ,,) ,,metal ,,plates ,,9 ,,wat]4 ,illu/ration ,if we take two plates ( diff]5t k9ds ( metal1 plat9um or copp]1 & z9c1 = example1 & imm]se !m 9 pure wat]1 hav+ wires atta*$ to !m above1 !n if ! wire ( ea* is br\ght into contact 9 ano!r vessel ( wat]1 a galvanic circle w be =m$1 ! wat] w be sl[ly decompos$1 its oxyg5 w be fix$ on ! z9c wire1 & at ! same "t a curr5t ( electricity w be transmitt$ ?r\gh ! liquid to ! plat9um or copp] wire1 on ! end ( :i* ! o!r elem5t ( wat]1 namely1 ! hydrog51 w make its appe>ance 9 ! =m ( m9ute gas bubbles4 ,! electrical curr5t passes back aga9 into ! z9c at ! po9ts ( its contact ) ! plat9um1 & ?us a cont9u$ curr5t is kept up1 & h5ce x is call$ a galvanic circle4 ,! mom5t ! circuit is brok5 by sep>at+ ! wires1 ! curr5t ceases1 b is aga9 r5ew$ by mak+ !m t\* ei!r 9 or out ( ! wat]4 ,if a small quantity ( sulphuric acid be add$ to ! wat]1 ! ph5om5on w be m app>5t4 ,! end ( ! wire atta*$ to ! piece ( plat9um or copp] is call$ ! positive pole ( ! batt]y1 & t ( ! wire atta*$ to ! z9c is ! negative pole4 ,illu/ration ,! curr5t ( electricity "h g5]at$ w be extremely feeble1 b ?is c be easily increas$ by multiply+ ! glasses & ! numb] ( ! pieces ( metal4 ,if we take six su* glasses in/ead ( "o1 p>tially fill !m ) dilute sulphuric acid1 & put a piece ( z9c & copp] into ea*1 connect+ !m by means ( copp] wire f glass to glass ?r\gh ! :ole s]ies1 a /rong] curr5t ( electricity w be ! result4 ,! exp]im5t] mu/ be c>eful n to let ! wire & z9c t\* ea* o!r at ! bottom ( ! tumbl]s1 & mu/ also rememb] t ! copp] ( glass #a is connect$ ) ! z9c ( glass #b1 & s on4 ,,to ,,make ,a ,,magnet ,,by ,,galvanism4 ,to effect ?is1 make a connection betwe5 ! poles ( ! above or any excit$ batt]y ) ! two ends ( a wire =m$ into a spiral coil1 by b5d+ common bonnet wire closely r\nd a cyl9d]1 or tube1 ( ab\t an in* 9 diamet]2 into ?is coil introduce a ne$le1 or piece ( /eel wire1 lay+ x l5g?ways d[n ! circles ( ! coil4 ,9 a few m9utes aft] ! electric fluid has pass$ ?r\gh ! spiral wire1 & consequ5tly r\nd ! ne$le or wire1 ! latt] w be f\nd to be /rongly magnetiz$1 & to possess all ! prop]ties ( a magnet4 ,,effects ,,( ,,galvanism ,,on ,a ,,magnet4 ,if a galvanic curr5t1 or any electric curr5t1 be made to pass along a wire1 "u :i* & 9 a l9e ) x a compass is plac$1 x w be f\nd t ! ne$le w no long] po9t nor? & s\?1 b w take a direction ne>ly across ! curr5t1 & po9t almo/ ea/ & we/4 ,,*ange ,,( ,,color ,,by ,,galvanism4 ,put a teaspoonful ( sulphate ( soda into a cup1 & dissolve x 9 hot wat]2 p\r a little cabbage blue into ! solution1 & put a portion into two glasses1 connect+ !m by a piece ( l95 or cotton clo? previ\sly moi/5$ 9 ! same solution4 ,on putt+ "o ( ! wires ( ! galvanic pole into ea* glass1 ! acid accumulates 9 ! "o1 turn+ ! blue to a r$1 & ! alkali 9 ! o!r1 r5d]+ x gre54 ,if ! wires be n[ rev]s$1 ! acid accumulates ev5tually 9 ! glass :]e ! alkali appe>$1 :ile ! alkali passes to ! glass :]e ! acid 04 ,,! ,,galvanic ,,%ock4 ,if ! ends ( ! wires ( a galvanic batt]y be plac$ 9 sep>ate bas9s ( wat]1 !n1 on dipp+ ! f+]s ( ea* h& 9 ! bas91 a sm>t %ock w be felt1 ) a p>ticul> a*+ accompani$ ) trembl+4 ,) a /rong batt]y ?is effect is felt z high z ! %\ld]s4 ,! %ock w also be felt by simply hold+ ! galvanic wires1 "o 9 ea* h&1 provid$ ! h&s be moi/5$ ) salt & wat]4 ,sev]al p]sons may receive ! %ock toge!r by jo9+ h&s4 ,,famili> ,,galvanic ,,effects4 ,coat ! po9t ( y\r tongue ) t9-foil1 & its middle "p ) gold or silv] leaf1 s t ! two metals t\*1 :5 a s\ri% ta/e w be produc$4 ,?is simple effect is t]m$ ,a ,galvanic ,tongue4 ,ale & port] dr9k bett] out ( a pewt] or t9 pot1 ?an f glass or e>!nw>e2 because ( ! galvanic influ5ce ( ! gre5 copp] z us$ to give ! be] a fro?y head4 ,galvanic exp]im5ts may be made ) ! legs ( a frog4 ,a live fl\nd] w answ] ne>ly ! same purpose4 ,lay ! fi% 9 a plate1 ^u a slip ( z9c1 to :i* is atta*$ a piece ( wire1 & put a qu>t] doll> ^u ! fl\nd]'s back2 !n t\* ! qu>t] doll> ) ! wire1 & at ea* contact /rong muscul> contractions w be produc$4 ,illu/ration ,,exp]im5ts ,,9 ,,magnetism4 #a4 ,we h said t ! ag5cy ( ! magnet c be imp>t$ to h>d metallic bodies2 ?is may be done 9 a v easy way4 ,if y pass a magnet 7:i* may be ei!r natural or artificial7 ov] a sew+-ne$le sev]al times f ! eye to ! po9t1 ! ne$le w acquire ! pr9ciple1 & attract iron fil+s 9 ! same mann] z a natural magnet w\ld d4 ,b ! "p ( ! magnet :i* y apply to ! ne$le mu/ be ! nor? pole2 & y mu/ n pass x ov] ! ne$le backw>d & =w>d1 b lift x always f ! po9t & aga9 beg9 f ! eye4 ,suppose y wi% to imp>t ! pr9ciple to a small b> ( temp]$ /eel1 tie ! piece to be magnetiz$ to a pok] ) a piece ( silk1 & hold ! "p ( ! pok] to :i* x is atta*$ 9 ! left h&2 take hold ( ! tongs1 a little bel[ ! middle1 ) ! "r h&1 & rub ! /eel b> ) !m1 mov+ ! tongs f ! bottom to ! top1 & keep+ !m /eadily 9 a v]tical position all ! "t4 ,ab\t a doz5 /rokes on ea* side w imp>t suffici5t magnetic p[] to ! b> to enable ! op]ator to lift up small pieces ( iron & /eel ) x4 ,! l[] end ( ! b> %\ld be m>k$ be=e x is fa/5$ to ! pok]1 s t ! poles may be readily di/+ui%$ f ea* o!r :5 x is tak5 (f2 ! upp] end be+ ! s\? pole1 & ! l[] ! nor?4 ,illu/ration #b4 ,scatt] "s iron fil+s ^u a piece ( pap]1 & hold a magnet und]nea? x4 ,! in/ant ! contact takes place1 ! fil+s w raise !mselves upright1 & fall d[n z soon z ! magnet is )drawn4 ,! effect is s+ul>1 & inde$ v amus+2 ! dim9utive iron p>ticles ris+ & fall+1 z if by sup]natural ag5cy4 ,,te/ ,,( ,,magnetic ,,p[]4 ,to asc]ta9 :e!r a piece ( metal1 or m9]al1 is magnetic1 pres5t x to "o ( ! poles ( a pois$ magnet4 ,if x be attract$ at bo? poles1 y may !n conclude t ! sub/ance s te/$ is n magnetic4 ,dip a magnet into boil+ wat]1 & x w lose half ( its magnetism2 b z ! magnet cools1 its full p[] w return4 ,,to ,,make ,,artificial ,,magnets4 ,?is may be done by /rok+ a piece ( h>d /eel ) a natural or artificial magnet4 ,take a common sew+-ne$le1 & pass ! nor? pole ( a magnet f ! eye to ! po9t1 press+ x g5tly 9 s do+4 ,aft] rea*+ ! end ( ! ne$le1 ! magnet mu/ n be pass$ back aga9 t[>ds ! eye1 b mu/ be lift$ up & appli$ aga9 to t end1 ! friction be+ always 9 ! same direction4 ,aft] repeat+ ?is = a few times1 ! ne$le w become magnetiz$1 & attract iron fil+s1 c4 ,,h[ ,,to ,,magnetize ,a ,,pok]4 ,hold x 9 ! left h& 9 a position slightly incl9$ f ! p]p5dicul>1 ! l[] end po9t+ to ! nor?1 & !n /rike x sm>tly sev]al times ) a l>ge iron hamm]1 & x w be f\nd to possess ! p[]s ( a magnet1 al?\gh b slightly4 ,,to ,,%[ ,,magnetic ,,repulsion ,,& ,,attraction4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #a4 ,fig4 #b4 ,susp5d two %ort pieces ( iron wire1 ,n ,s1 ,n ,s1 s t !y w hang 9 contact 9 a v]tical position4 ,if ! nor? pole ( a magnet ,n be n[ br\ght to a mod]ate di/ance betwe5 ! wires1 !y w rec$e f ea* o!r z 9 figure #a4 ,! ends ,s ,s be+ made s\? poles by induction f ! nor? pole ,n1 w repel ea* o!r1 & s w ! nor? poles ,n ,n4 ,?is sep>ation ( ! wires w increase z ! magnet approa*es !m1 b !re w be a p>ticul> di/ance at :i* ! attractive =ce ( ,n ov]comes ! repulsive =ce ( ! poles ,s ,s1 & causes ! wires to conv]ge z 9 figure #b2 ! nor? poles ,n ,n /ill exhibit+ _! mutual repulsion4 ,,v>iation ,,( ,,! ,,ne$le4 ,! magnetic ne$le does n po9t exactly nor? & s\?1 b ! nor? pole ( ! ne$le takes a direction consid]ably to ! we/ ( ! true nor?4 ,x is con/antly *ang+1 & v>ies at diff]5t p>ts ( ! e>?1 & at diff]5t times ( ! day4 ,,dip ,,( ,,! ,,ne$le4 ,ano!r rem>kable & evid5t manife/ation ( ! influ5ce ( ! magnetism ( ! e>? ^u ! ne$le is ! incl9ation or dip ( ! latt]1 :i* is a deviation f its horizontal place 9 a d[nw>d direction 9 nor!rn regions ( its nor?1 & 9 s\!rn regions ( its s\? pole4 ,! causes ( ! dipp+ ( ! ne$le are yet unexpla9$4 ,9 balanc+ ! ne$le on ! crd1 on acc\nt ( ?is dipp+1 a small weight or moveable piece ( brass is plac$ on "o end ( ! ne$le1 by ! %ift+ ( :i* ei!r ne>] to or fur!r f ! c5t]1 ! ne$le w always be balanc$4 ,,to ,,susp5d ,a ,,ne$le ,,9 ,,! ,,air ,,by ,,magnetism4 ,place a magnet on a /& to raise x a little above ! table2 !n br+ a small sew+-ne$le conta9+ a ?read1 )9 a little di/ance ( ! magnet1 keep+ hold ( ! ?read to prev5t ! ne$le f atta*+ itself to ! magnet4 ,! ne$le 9 endeavor+ to fly to ! magnet1 & be+ prev5t$ by ! ?read1 w rema9 curi\sly susp5d$ 9 ! air1 l ,mahomm$'s c(f94 ,,magnetism ,,by ,,hamm]+4 ,place a b> ( iron 9 a v]tical position1 & give x a s]ies ( slight bl[s ) a hamm] or pok]1 :5 x w acquire a feeble degree ( magnetism2 h5ce x happ5s1 t ! anvils & o!r tools employ$ 9 smi?ies are end[$ ) magnetism4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 a rem>kable circum/ance1 t if y /rike a magnet its magnetiz+ =ce w be ei!r v mu* impair$1 or altoge!r de/roy$4 ,p]cussion & friction 9 ! requir$ position w\ld seem1 f ?is & prec$+ exp]im5ts1 to be ! *ief means ( magnetiz+ iron & /eel4 ,^! op]ations1 z x 71 wak5 up ! in]t p>ticles ( ! metal to admit new magnetism1 or to develop t :i* already resides 9 x1 orig9ally d]iv$ f ! e>?4 ,,p[] ,,( ,,! ,,electro ,,magnet4 ,illu/ration ,! same influ5ce :i* affects ! magnetic ne$le already describ$1 w also communicate magnetism to s(t iron4 ,if a b> ( t metal1 b5t z 9 ! draw+1 be surr\nd$ ) a common bonnet wire1 or a copp] wire prev5t$ f t\*+ ! iron by a w9d+ ( cotton or ?read1 & !n if a curr5t ( voltaic electricity be s5t ?r\gh ! wire1 ! b> becomes a p[]ful magnet1 & w cont9ue s z long z ! connection ) ! batt]y is pres]v$4 ,on break+ ! contact1 ! magnetism disappe>s4 ,?is exp]im5t may be easily made by ! "y read] ) a horse-%oe magnet1 surr\nd$ by sev]al coils ( wire4 ,p is ! positive & ,n ! negative pole4 ,,! ,,m>9]',s ,,compass4 ,! m>9]'s compass is an artificial magnet fitt$ 9 a prop] box1 & consi/s ( ?ree p>ts--#a1 ! box2 #b1 ! c>d or fly2 & #c1 ! ne$le4 ,! box is susp5d$ 9 a squ>e wood5 case1 by means ( two conc5tric brass circles call$ gimbals1 s fix$ by braz5 axes to ! two boxes1 t ! inn] "o1 or compass-box1 reta9s a horizontal position 9 all motions ( ! %ip4 ,! c>d is a circul> piece ( pap] :i* is fa/5$ ^u ! ne$le1 & moves ) x4 ,! out] edge ( ! c>d is divid$ into ?irty-two po9ts1 z %[n 9 ! engrav+1 call$ po9ts ( ! compass4 ,! ne$le is a sl5d] b> ( h>d5$ /eel1 hav+ a holl[ agate cup 9 ! c5t]1 :i* moves ^u ! po9t ( a pivot made ( brass4 ,illu/ration ,,to ,,make ,,artificial ,,magnets ,,)\t ,,! ,,aid ,,ei!r ,,( ,,natural ,,load/ones ,,or ,,artificial ,,magnets4 ,illu/ration ,take an iron pok] & tongs1 or two b>s ( iron1 ! l>g] & ! old] ! bett]1 & fix+ ! pok] upright1 hold to x ) ! left h& ne> ! top ,p by a silk ?read1 a b> ( s(t /eel ab\t ?ree in*es long1 "o f\r? ( an in* broad1 & "o tw5tie? ?ick2 m>k "o end1 & let ?is end be d[nw>ds4 ,!n grasp+ ! tongs ,t ) ! "r h& a little bel[ ! middle1 & keep+ !m ne>ly 9 a v]tical l9e1 let ! b> ,b be rubb$ ) ! l[] end ,l ( ! tongs1 f ! m>k$ end ( ! b> to its upp] end1 ab\t t5 times on ea* side ( x4 ,by ?is means ! b> ,b w receive z mu* magnetism z w enable x to lift a small key at ! m>k$ end2 & ?is end1 ! b> be+ susp5d$ by its middle or made to re/ on a jo9t1 w turn to ! nor?1 & is call$ its nor? pole1 ! unm>k$ end be+ ! s\? pole4 ,?is is ! me?od recomm5d$ by ,mr4 ,caxton1 9 8 process1 :i* he reg>d$ sup]ior to ^? 9 =m] use1 & ( :i* a m detail$ acc\nt w be f\nd 9 8 int]e/+ volume4 ,,! ,,wat* ,,magnetiz$4 ,borr[ a wat* f ! company1 & inquire if x w g :5 laid on ! table4 ,!n place x j ov] ! po9t at :i* a magnet is fix$ und]nea? ! top ( ! table1 & ! magnet w attract ! balance-:eel ( ! wat*1 & cause x to /op4 ,,nor? ,,& ,,s\? ,,poles ,,( ,,! ,,magnet4 ,illu/ration ,ea* magnet has its poles1 nor? & s\?1 ! nor? or s\? poles ( "o magnet1 repel ! nor? & s\? pole ( ano!r4 ,if a magnet1 z 9 ! foll[+ figure1 be dipp$ 9 "s iron fil+s1 !y w be imm$iately attract$ to "o end4 ,suppos+ ?is to be ! nor? pole1 ea* ( ! ends ( ! fil+s1 n 9 contact ) ! magnet1 w become nor? poles1 :ile ! ends 9 contact w by induction become s\? poles4 ,bo? w h a t5d5cy to repel ea* o!r1 & ! fil+s w /& on ! magnet z 9 ! figure4 ,,pol>ity ,,( ,,! ,,magnet4 ,! be/ me?od ( prov+ ?is is to take a magnet or a piece ( /eel r5d]$ magnetic1 & to place x on a piece ( cork by lay+ x 9 a groove cut to receive x4 ,if ! cork be plac$ 9 ! c5t] ( a bas9 ( wat]1 & all[$ to swim freely on its surface1 s t x is n attract$ by ! sides ( ! bas91 x w be f\nd to turn its nor? pole to ! nor?1 & its s\? pole to ! s\?1 ! same z ! m>9]'s compass4 ,if y fix two magnets 9 two pieces ( cork1 & place !m also 9 a bas9 ( wat]1 & !y are 9 a p>allel position ) ! same poles toge!r1 t is1 nor? to nor?1 & s\? to s\?1 !y w mutually repel ea* o!r2 b if ! contr>y poles po9t to "o ano!r1 z nor? to s\?1 !y w be attract$4 ,illu/ration ,,magnetic ,,action ,,& ,,reaction4 ,a magnet & a piece ( iron attract ea* o!r equally1 :atev] disproportion !re is betwe5 _! sizes4 ,if ei!r be balanc$ 9 a scale1 & ! o!r be br\ght )9 a c]ta9 di/ance b5ea? x1 ! v same c\nt]poise w be requir$ to prev5t _! approa*1 :i*ev] be 9 ! scale4 ,if ! two 7 hang+ ne> ea* o!r1 z p5dulums1 !y w\ld approa* & meet1 b ! little "o w\ld p]=m m ( ! j\rney 9 proportion to its littl5ess4 ,,to ,,pass ,,magnetism ,,?r\gh ,a ,,bo>d4 ,place a common sew+-ne$le on a smoo? horizontal bo>d1 & move a /rong magnet und]nea? ! bo>d1 :5 ! ne$le w revolve along ! bo>d1 accord+ to ! peculi> motion giv5 to ! magnet4 ,,! ,,magnetic ,,table4 ,"u ! top ( a common table1 place a magnet t turns on a pivot1 & fix a bo>d "u x t no?+ may appe>4 ,!re may also be a draw] "u ! table1 :i* y pull out1 to %[ t !re is no?+ conceal$4 ,at "o end ( ! table !re mu/ be a p9 t communicates ) a magnet1 & by :i* x may be plac$ 9 diff]5t positions2 ?is p9 mu/ be s plac$ z n to be visible to ! spectators4 ,/rew "s /eel fil+s1 or v small nails1 ov] t "p ( ! table :]e ! magnet is4 ,!n ask any "o to l5d a knife1 or a key1 :i* w !n attract "p ( ! nails or fil+s4 ,!n plac+ y\r h&1 9 a c>eless mann]1 on ! p9 at ! end ( ! table1 y alt] ! position ( ! magnet2 & giv+ ! key to any p]son1 y desire him to make ! exp]im5t1 :i* he w !n n be able to p]=m4 ,y !n give ! key to ano!r p]son1 at ! same "t plac+ ! magnet1 by means ( ! p91 9 ! fir/ position1 :5 t p]son w imm$iately p]=m ! exp]im5t4 ,,int]e/+ ,,p>ticul>s ,,conc]n+ ,,! ,,magnet4 ,fire-irons :i* h re/$ 9 "o position 9 a room dur+ ! summ] mon?s are (t5 highly magnetic4 ,iron b>s /&+ erect1 su* z ! grat+s ( a prison cell1 or ! iron rail+s be=e h\ses1 are (t5 magnetic4 ,! upp]mo/ ( ! iron tires r\nd a c>riage :eel attracts ! nor? end ( a magnet1 & has h5ce s\? pol>ity1 :ile ! l[] end attract+ ! s\? end ( ! same1 has nor? pol>ity4 ,,conclusion4 ,! prec$+ exp]im5ts 9 ,electricity1 ,galvanism1 & ,magnetism1 we h select$ = ! simple yet cle> expositions :i* !y (f] ( ! fundam5tal pr9ciples ( ^? bran*es ( philosophy2 m elaborate exp]im5ts we h refra9$ f ins]t+1 z al?\gh1 p]haps1 m a/oni%+ & impressive 9 _! effects1 ! co/ly & cumbr\s app>atus :i* !y require1 raise !m f> above ! means ( mo/ boys1 = ^: in/ruction & amusem5t we cat]4 ,,exagg]at$ ,,magnetism4 ,our read]s w1 d\btless1 recollect sev]al /ories1 9 :i* ! p[]s ( ! magnet are greatly exagg]at$4 ,o!r acc\nts ( its virtues1 ?\gh true 9 fact1 yet really appe>1 )\t "s consid]ation1 to be fictiti\s4 ,9 a ,g]man collection ( fairy tales1 9 :i* ! anci5t *ivalry ( ! c\rt ( ! fam\s ,*>lemagne1 ! fai?ful squires :o att5d$ on 8 h]oic knights1 ! damsels 9 di/ress :om !y reliev$1 ! dw>fs :o 7 _! fri5ds1 & ! giants & magicians :o work$ _! e>?ly woe1 are ! pr9cipal *>act]s1 we rememb] a passage to ! effect foll[+3 ,! knight1 :o volunte]$ to adv5ture =w>d f ! body ( cavalry t 7 b5t on ?is exploit1 to reconnoitre ! position ( ?is gigantic en*ant]'s ca/le1 _h sc>cely approa*$ )9 sight ( x1 :5 he beheld ! enorm\s bulk ( ! giant himself lean+ aga9/ ! outw>d wall4 ,pursuant to ! in/ructions he _h receiv$1 ! knight1 =?)1 turn$ 8 gallant /e$'s head t[>ds 8 companions 9 arms1 &1 at a swift pace1 came prick+ o'er ! pla94 ,he n[ he>d ! giant 9 pursuit1 & /ruck 8 spurs into 8 good /e$'s flank2 b1 alas6 he _h sc>cely approa*$ )9 view ( ! *ivalric troop1 :5 ! mighty h& ( ! giant magician 0 /ret*$ =?1 arm$ only ) "o ( 8 horse's %oes1 :i* 0 made ( load/one1 &1 by its attractive p[]s on 8 /eel armor1 8 griev$ associates _h ! mortification ( see+ ! knight unhors$4 ,,! ,,magic ,,( ,,pneumatics ,,& ,a,,ro/atics4 ,illu/ration ,!re is a tricksey _s 9 ! air ,t plays sad gambols4--,,b5 ,,jonson4 ,! bran* ( ! physical sci5ces :i* relates to ! air & its v>i\s ph5om5a is call$ ,pneumatics4 ,by x we le>n _m curi\s p>ticul>s4 ,by x we f9d t ! air has weight & pressure1 color1 d5sity1 ela/icity1 compressibility1 & "s o!r prop]ties ) :i* we %all endeavor to make ! "y read] acqua9t$ by _m pleas+ exp]im5ts1 e>ne/ly impress+ ^u him to lose no opportunity ( mak+ physical sci5ce 8 /udy4 ,to %[ t ! air has weight & pressure1 ! common lea!r suck] by :i* boys raise /ones w %[ ! pressure ( ! atmosph]e4 ,x consi/s ( a piece ( s(t b firm lea!r1 hav+ a piece ( /r+ drawn ?r\gh its c5t]4 ,! lea!r is made q wet & pliable1 & !n its "u "p is plac$ on ! /one & /amp$ d[n by ! foot4 ,?is press+ ( ! lea!r excludes ! air f betwe5 ! lea!r & ! /one1 & by pull+ ! /r+ a vacuum is left und]nea? its c5t]2 consequ5tly ! weight ( ! air ab\t ! edges ( ! lea!r1 n be+ c\nt]balanc$ by any air betwe5 x & ! /one1 enables ! boy to lift x4 ,,weight ,,( ,,! ,,air ,,prov$ ,,by ,a ,,pair ,,( ,,bell[s4 ,%ut ! nozzle & valve-hole ( a pair ( bell[s1 & aft] hav+ squeez$ ! air out ( !m1 if !y are p]fectly air-tight1 we %all f9d t a v great =ce1 ev5 "s hundr$s ( p\nds1 is necess>y = sep>at+ ! bo>ds4 ,!y are kept toge!r by ! weight ( ! heavy air :i* surr\nds !m 9 ! same mann] z if !y 7 surr\nd$ by wat]4 ,,! ,,pressure ,,( ,,! ,,air ,,%[n ,,by ,a ,,w9e-,,glass4 ,place a c>d on a w9e-glass fill$ ) wat]1 !n inv]t ! glass1 ! wat] w n escape1 ! pressure ( ! atmosph]e on ! outside ( ! c>d be+ suffici5t to support ! wat]4 ,illu/ration ,,ano!r4 ,illu/ration ,inv]t a tall glass j> 9 a di% ( wat]1 & place a light$ tap] "u x2 z ! tap] consumes ! air 9 ! j>1 ! wat] f ! pressure )\t rises up to supply ! place ( ! air remov$ by ! combu/ion4 ,9 ! op]ation ( cupp+1 ! op]ator holds ! flame ( a lamp "u a bell-%ap$ glass4 ,! air )9 ?is be+ r>efi$ & exp&$1 a consid]able portion is giv5 (f4 ,9 ?is /ate ! glass is plac$ ^u ! fle%1 & z ! air )9 x cools1 x contracts1 & ! glass adh]es to ! fle% by ! diff]5ce ( ! pressure ( ! int]nal & ext]nal air4 ,,ela/icity ,,( ,,! ,,air4 ,illu/ration ,?is c be %[n by a beautiful philosophical toy :i* may easily be con/ruct$4 ,procure a glass j>1 su* z is "h repres5t$4 ,!n m\ld ?ree or f\r little figures 9 wax1 & make !m holl[ )91 & hav+ ea* a m9ute op5+ at ! heel1 by :i* wat] may pass 9 & out4 ,place !m 9 ! j>1 z se5 9 ! figure1 & adju/ !m by ! quantity ( wat] admitt$ to !m1 s t 9 specific gravity !y diff] a little f ea* o!r4 ,! m\? ( ! j> %\ld n[ be cov]$ ) a piece ( sk9 or ,india-rubb]1 & !n1 if ! h& be press$ ^u ! top or m\? ( ! j>1 ! figures w be se5 to rise or desc5d z ! pressure is g5tle or heavy1 ris+ & fall+1 or /&+ /ill1 accord+ to ! pressure made4 ,,reason ,,= ,,?is4 ,! reason ( ?is is1 t ! pressure on ! top ( ! j> cond5ses ! air betwe5 ! cov] & ! wat] surface2 ?is cond5sation !n presses on ! wat] bel[1 & influ5ces x ?r\gh its :ole ext5t1 compress+ also ! air 9 ! figures1 =c+ z mu* m wat] into !m z to r5d] !m heavi] ?an wat]1 & !re=e heavy en\gh to s9k4 ,,! ,,air-,,pump4 ,illu/ration ,! "t 01 & t n v long ago1 :5 ! air-pump 0 only obta9able by ! philosophical pr(essor1 or by p]sons ( enl>g$ means4 ,b n[1 ow+ to our *eap way ( do+ ?+s1 a small air-pump may be obta9$ = ab\t five or six doll>s1 & we w\ld /rongly advise our "y fri5d to procure "o1 z x w be a s\rce ( endless amusem5t to him2 &1 suppos+ t he takes our advice1 we give him ! foll[+ exp]im5ts4 ,! air-pump consi/s ( a bell glass1 call$ ! receiv]1 ,a1 & a /&1 ^u :i* is a p]=at$ plate ,b4 ,! hole 9 ?is plate is connect$ ) two pi/ons1 ! rods ( :i* are mov$ by a :eel h&le backw>ds & =w>ds1 & ?us pump ! air out ( ! receiv]4 ,:5 ! air is tak5 out1 a /op-cock is turn$1 & !n ! exp]im5ts may be p]=m$4 ,"u ! receiv] ( an air-pump1 :5 ! air has be5 ?or\ghly exhau/$1 light & heavy bodies fall ) ! same swiftness4 ,animals quickly die = want ( air1 combu/ion ceases1 gunp[d] w n explode1 a bell s\nds fa9t1 magnets are p[]less1 & wat]s & o!r fluids turn to vapor4 ,,to ,,prove ,,t ,,air ,,has ,,weight4 ,take a flor5ce flask1 fitt$ up ) a screw & f9e oil$ silk valve4 ,screw ! flask on ! plate ( ! air-pump1 exhau/ ! air1 take x (f ! plate & weigh x4 ,!n let 9 ! air1 & aga9 weigh ! :ole1 & x w be f\nd to h increas$ by sev]al gra9s4 ,illu/ration ,,to ,,prove ,,air ,,ela/ic4 ,place a bladd]1 out ( :i* all ! air has app>5tly be5 squeez$1 "u ! receiv]1 ^u x lay a weight1 exhau/ ! air1 & x w be se5 t ! small quantity ( air left )9 ! bladd] w s exp& itself z to lift ! weight4 ,put a cork$ bottle into ! receiv]1 exhau/ ! air1 & ! cork w fly out4 ,,air ,,9 ,,! ,,egg4 ,take a fre% egg & cut (f a little ( ! %ell & film f its small] end1 !n put ! egg "u a receiv] & pump out ! air1 ^u :i* all ! cont5ts ( ! egg w be =c$ out by ! expansion ( ! small bubble ( air conta9$ 9 ! great end betwe5 ! %ell & ! film4 ,illu/ration3 ,,air ,,9 ,,! ,,egg4 ,illu/ration3 ,,desc5d+ ,,smoke4 ,,! ,,desc5d+ ,,smoke4 ,set a light$ c&le on a plate1 & cov] x ) a tall receiv]4 ,! c&le w cont9ue to burn :ile ! air rema9s1 b :5 exhau/$1 w g out1 & ! smoke f ! wick1 in/ead ( ris+1 w desc5d 9 d5se cl\ds t[>ds ! bottom ( ! glass1 because ! air :i* w\ld h support$ x has be5 )drawn4 ,,half ,,eagle ,,& ,,fea!r4 ,illu/ration ,place a nicely-adju/$ pair ( =ceps at ! top ( ! receiv]1 communicat+ ) ! top at ! outside ?r\gh a hole1 s t !y may be op5$ by ! f+]s4 ,!n place on ea* ( ! little plates a half-eagle & a fea!r4 ,exhau/ ! air f ! receiv]1 & hav+ done s1 deta* ! objects1 s t !y may fall4 ,9 ! op5 air ! half-eagle w fall long be=e ! fea!r1 b 9 vacuo1 z 9 ! receiv] n[ exhau/$ ( its air1 !y w fall bo? toge!r1 & rea* ! bottom ( ! glass at same in/ant4 ,,! ,,s\ndless ,,bell4 ,set a bell on ! pump-plate1 hav+ a contrivance s z to r+ x at pleasure1 & cov] x ) a receiv]1 !n make ! clapp] s\nd aga9/ ! bell1 & x w be he>d to s\nd v well2 n[ exhau/ ! receiv] ( air1 & !n1 :5 ! clapp] /rikes aga9/ ! sides ( ! bell1 ! s\nd c be sc>cely he>d4 ,illu/ration3 ,,s\ndless ,,bell4 ,illu/ration3 ,,float+ ,,fi%4 ,,! ,,float+ ,,fi%4 ,if a glass vessel1 conta9+ wat]1 9 :i* a c\ple ( fi% are put be plac$ "u ! receiv]1 ^u exhau/+ ! air1 ! fi% w be unable to keep at ! bottom ( ! glass1 ow+ to ! expansion ( ! air )9 _! bodies1 conta9$ 9 ! air bladd]4 ,!y w consequ5tly rise & float1 belly upw>ds1 ^u ! surface ( ! wat]4 ,,! ,,my/]i\s ,,circles4 ,cut f a c>d two discs or circul> pieces1 ab\t two in*es 9 diamet]4 ,9 ! c5t] ( "o ( !m make a hole1 into :i* put ! tube ( a common quill1 "o end be+ ev5 ) ! surface ( ! c>d4 ,make ! o!r piece a little convex1 & lay its c5t] ov] ! end ( ! quill1 ) ! concave side ( ! c>d d[nw>ds1 ! c5t] ( ! upp] c>d be+ f "o eigh? to "o f\r? ( an in* above ! end ( ! quill--attempt to bl[ (f ! upp] c>d by bl[+ ?r\gh ! quill1 & x w be f\nd impossible4 ,if1 h[ev]1 ! edges ( ! two c>ds be made to fit ea* o!r v accurately1 ! upp] c>d w move1 & sometimes x w be ?r[n (f2 b :5 ! edges ( ! c>ds are1 on two sides1 suffici5tly f> ap>t to p]mit ! air to escape1 ! loose c>d w reta9 its position1 ev5 :5 ! curr5t ( air s5t aga9/ x be /rong4 ,! exp]im5t w succe$ equally well1 :e!r ! curr5t ( air be made f ! m\? or f a pair ( bell[s4 ,:5 ! quill fits ! c>d r loosely1 a comp>atively light puff w ?r[ bo? c>ds ?ree or f\r feet 9 height4 ,:51 f ! humidity ( ! brea?1 ! upp] surface ( ! p]=at$ c>d has a little exp&$1 & ! two opposite sides are some:at depress$1 ^? depress$ sides may be se5 di/9ctly to rise & approa* ! upp] c>d1 directly 9 proportion to ! =ce ( ! curr5t ( air4 ,ano!r fact to be %[n ) ?is simple app>atus appe>s equally inexplicable ) ! =m]4 ,lay ! loose c>d ^u ! h& ) ! concave side up2 bl[ =cibly ?r\gh ! tube1 &1 at ! same "t1 br+ ! two c>ds t[>ds ea* o!r2 :5 )9 ?ree eigh?s ( an in*1 if ! curr5t ( air be /rong1 ! loose c>d w sudd5ly rise1 & adh]e to ! p]=at$ c>d4 ,if ! c>d ?r\gh :i* ! quill passes has sev]al holes made 9 x1 ! loose c>d may be in/antly ?r[n (f ) ! lea/ puff ( air4 ,= ! explanation ( ! above ph5om5on1 a gold m$al & "o hundr$ gu9eas 7 (f]$1 "s ye>s s9ce1 by ! ,royal ,society4 ,su* explanation has be5 giv5 by ,dr4 ,rob]t ,h>e1 late ( ! ,univ]sity ( ,p5nsylvania1 & is z foll[s3 ,suppos+ ! diamet]s ( ! discs ( c>d to be to t ( ! hole z #h to #a1 ! area ( ! =m] to ! latt] mu/ be z #fd to #a4 ,h5ce1 if ! discs 7 to be sep>at$ 7_! surfaces rema9+ p>allel7 ) a velocity z great z t ( ! air bla/1 a column ( air mu/1 meantime1 be int]pos$1 #fd times great] ?an t :i* w\ld escape f ! tube dur+ ! int]im2 consequ5tly1 if all ! air necess>y to pres]ve ! balance be suppli$ f ! tube1 ! discs mu/ be sep>at$ ) a velocity z mu* less ?an t ( ! bla/1 z ! column requir$ betwe5 !m is great] ?an t yield$ by ! tube2 & yet ! air _c be suppli$ f any o!r s\rce1 unless a deficit ( pressure be creat$ betwe5 ! discs1 unfavorable to _! sep>ation4 ,x foll[s1 !n1 t1 "u ! circum/ances 9 "q1 ! discs _c be made to move asund] ) a velocity great] ?an "o sixty-f\r? ( t ( ! bla/4 ,( c\rse all ! =ce ( ! curr5t ( air ?r\gh ! tube w be exp5d$ on ! moveable disc1 & ! ?9 r+ ( air1 :i* exi/s r\nd ! orifice betwe5 ! discs2 & s9ce ! moveable discs c only move ) "o sixty-f\r? ! velocity ( ! bla/1 ! r+ ( air 9 ! int]/ice mu/ exp]i5ce ne>ly all ! =ce ( ! jet1 & mu/ be driv5 outw>ds1 ! bla/ foll[+ x1 9 v>i\s curr5ts radiat+ f ! common c5t] ( ! tube & discs4 ,,! ,,div+ ,,bell4 ,illu/ration ,illu/ration ,! div+-bell is a pneumatic eng9e1 by means ( :i* p]sons c desc5d to great dep?s 9 ! sea1 & recov] f x valuable portions ( wrecks & o!r matt]s4 ,its pr9ciple may be well illu/rat$ by ! foll[+ exp]im5t4 ,take a glass tumbl]1 & plunge x into ! wat] ) ! m\? d[nw>ds1 & x w be f\nd t ! wat] w n rise mu* m ?an half way 9 ! tumbl]4 ,?is may be made v evid5t if a piece ( cork be suff]$ to float inside ( ! glass on ! surface ( ! wat]4 ,! air )9 ! tumbl] does n entirely exclude ! wat]1 because air is ela/ic1 & consequ5tly compressible1 & h5ce ! air 9 ! tumbl] is :at is call$ cond5s$4 ,! div+-bell is =m$ ^u ! above pr9ciple1 b in/ead ( be+ ( glass1 x is a wood5 or metal vessel1 ( v l>ge dim5sions1 s z to hold ?ree or f\r p]sons1 :o are suppli$ ) air f above by means ( a tube1 hav+ a correspond+ tube to let (f ! brea!d air1 ! circulation ( :i* is kept up by pumps1 :i* pump ! air 9 & draw x out ( ! bell4 ,,! ,,air ,,balloon4 ,! art ( sail+ or navigat+ a body ?r\gh ! air is call$ aronautics4 ,9 remote ages1 ,ic>us is said to h ris5 s high 9 ! air t ! sun melt$ 8 w+s1 & he fell into ! gean sea1 & 0 dr[n$2 & !re is reason to believe1 f "s figures t h rec5tly be5 discov]$ on ,egyptian & ,assyrian monum5ts1 t ! anci5ts possess$ means ( ris+ 9 ! air ) :i* we are n n[ acqua9t$4 ,! air-balloon1 z n[ con/ruct$1 is a bag ( silk ( l>ge dim5sions1 usually cut 9 gores1 & is1 :5 exp&$ by gas1 ( a pe> %ape4 ,x asc5ds 9 ! atmosph]e because its :ole bulk is mu* light] ?an ! air w\ld be 9 ! space x occupies4 ,x is1 9 fact1 a vessel fill$ ) a fluid :i* w float on ano!r fluid light] ?an itself4 ,,h[ ,,to ,,make ,,an ,,air-,,balloon4 ,illu/ration ,! be/ %ape = an air-balloon1 or r a gas-balloon1 is t ( a peg-top4 ,& 9 prep>+ ! gores proce$ z foll[s3 ,get "s close texture silk1 & cut x into a =m resembl+ a n>r[ pe> ) a v ?9 /alk4 ,f\rte5 ( ^! pieces w be f\nd to be ! be/ numb]2 &1 ( c\rse1 ! bread?s ( ea* piece mu/ be measur$ accord+ly4 ,:5 sew+ !m toge!r1 x w be ( advantage to coat ! p>ts t ov]lap ) a lay] ( v>ni%1 z ?is w save mu* tr\ble aft]w>ds1 & hold ! silk firm] 9 its place dur+ ! /it*+4 ,! ?reads mu/ be plac$ v regul>ly1 or ! balloon w be drawn out ( %ape1 & x w be f\nd useful if ! gores are cov]$ ) an int]ior coat+ ( v>ni% be=e !y are f9ally sewn toge!r4 ,take c>e n to h ! v>ni% too ?ick4 ,to ! upp] "p ( ! balloon !re %\ld be a valve op5+ inw>ds1 to :i* a /r+ %\ld be fa/5$1 pass+ ?r\gh a hole made 9 a small piece ( wood fix$ 9 ! l[] "p ( ! balloon1 s t ! aronaut may op5 ! valve :5 he wi%es to desc5d2 & ?is %\ld be imitat$ on a small scale1 s t ! "y aronaut may be p]fectly famili> ) ! con/ruction ( a balloon4 ,! gores are to be cov]$ ) a v>ni% ( ,india rubb] dissolv$ 9 a mixture ( turp5t9e & naph?a4 ,ov] ! :ole ( ! upp] "p %\ld be a net-"w1 :i* %\ld come d[n to ! middle1 ) v>i\s cords1 proce$+ f x to ! circumf]5ce ( a circle ab\t two feet bel[ ! balloon4 ,! circle may be made ( wood1 or ( sev]al pieces ( sl5d] cane b\nd toge!r4 ,! me%es %\ld be small at ! top1 aga9/ :i* "p ( ! balloon ! inflammable air ex]ts ! greate/ =ce1 & increase 9 size z !y rec$e f ! top4 ,! c> is made ( wick] "w2 x is usually cov]$ ) lea!r1 & is well v>ni%$ or pa9t$4 ,x is susp5d$ by ropes proce$+ f ! net :i* goes ov] ! balloon4 ,balloons ( ?is k9d _c be made small] ?an six feet 9 diamet]1 ( oil$ silk1 z ! weight ( ! mat]ial is too great = ! air to buoy x up4 ,!y may be made small] ( ?9 slips ( bladd]1 or o!r membrane glu$ toge!r1 or ( ?9 gutta-p]*a clo?1 :i* is n[ ext5sively us$ = ?is purpose2 ) ?is !y may be made a foot 9 diamet]1 & w rise beautifully4 ,,h[ ,,to ,,fill ,a ,,balloon4 ,procure a l>ge /one bottle :i* w hold a gallon ( wat]1 into ?is put a p\nd ( iron fil+s1 or granulat$ z9c1 ) two qu>ts ( wat]1 & add to ?is by degrees "o p9t ( sulphuric acid4 ,!n take a tube1 ei!r ( glass or metal1 & introduce "o end ( x ?r\gh a cork1 :i* place 9 ! bottle1 !n put ! o!r end into ! neck ( ! balloon1 & ! gas w rise into ! body ( x4 ,:5 q full )draw ! tube1 & tie ! neck ( ! balloon ) /rong cord v tightly4 ,if fre$ x w n[ rise 9 ! air4 ,,to ,,make ,,fire-,,balloons4 ,illu/ration ,cut ! gores1 accord+ to ! =m already giv51 f well wov5 tissue pap]1 pa/e ! gores nicely toge!r1 & look well ov] ! surface ( ! pap] = any small hole or slit1 ov] :i* pa/e a piece ( pap]1 & let x dry4 ,pass a wire r\nd ! neck ( ! balloon1 & h two cross pieces at its diamet] a little b5t1 s t a piece ( s(t cotton dipp$ 9 spirits ( w9e may be laid on !m4 ,:5 all is prep>$ let "s "o hold ! balloon f its top by means ( a /ick1 :ile y dip ! cotton 9 spirits ( w9e till x is ?or\ghly saturat$1 place x "u ! balloon & set fire to x1 b be v c>eful y d n set fire to ! balloon4 ,:5 ! air is suffici5tly heat$ )91 ! balloon w indicate a desire to rise1 & :5 x pulls v h>d1 let x g1 & x w asc5d to a great height 9 ! air1 & at night pres5t a v beautiful appe>ance4 ,,p>a*utes4 ,^! are easily made by cutt+ a piece ( pap] 9 a circul> =m1 & plac+ ?reads r\nd ! edges1 :i* may be made to conv]ge to a po9t1 at :i* a cork may be plac$ z a balance4 ,!y asc5d by ! air gett+ "u !m1 & are frequ5tly bl[n to a great di/ance4 ,illu/ration ,,! ,,my/]i\s ,,bottle4 ,pi]ce a few holes ) a glazi]'s diamond 9 a common black bottle2 place x 9 a vase or jug ( wat]1 s t ! neck only is above ! surface4 ,!n1 ) a funnel1 fill ! bottle & cork x well1 & :ile x is 9 ! jug or vase4 ,take x out1 not)/&+ ! holes 9 ! bottom1 x w n leak2 wipe x dry1 & give x to "s p]son to uncork4 ,! mom5t ! cork is drawn1 to ! p>ty's a/oni%m5t1 ! wat] w beg9 to run out ( ! bottom ( ! bottle4 ,,ca\t*\c ,,balloons4 ,put a little e!r into a bottle ( ca\t*\c1 close x tightly1 soak x 9 hot wat]1 & x w become inflat$ to a consid]able size4 ,^! globes may be made s ?9 z to be transp>5t4 ,a piece ( ca\t*\c1 ! size ( a walnut1 has ?us be5 ext5d$ to a ball fifte5 in*es 9 diamet]2 & a few ye>s s9ce a ca\t*\c balloon1 ?us made1 escap$ f ,philadelphia1 & 0 f\nd "o hundr$ & ?irty miles f t city4 ,,! ,,magic ,,( ,,optics ,,& ,,optical ,,amusem5ts4 ,illu/ration3 ',see+ is believ+1' s ! sages say1 ,to prove ?is false1 he> me1 my fri5ds1 ,i pray1 ,& v soon y all w be agree+1 ,t n\ght is s deceptive z our see+4--,,m>t94 ,optics is ! sci5ce ( light & vision4 ,conc]n+ ! nature ( light1 two !ories are at pres5t v ably ma9ta9$ by _! respective advocates4 ,"o is t]m$ ! ,newtonian !ory1 & ! o!r ! ,huyg5ean4 ,! ,newtonian !ory consid]s light to consi/ ( inconceivably small bodies emanat+ f ! sun1 or any o!r lum9\s body4 ,! ,huyg5ean conceives x to consi/ 9 ! undulations ( a highly ela/ic & subtle fluid1 propagat$ r\nd lum9\s c5t]s 9 sph]ical waves1 l ^? aris+ 9 a placid lake :5 a /one is dropp$ into ! wat]4 ,,light ,,z ,,an ,,effect4 ,light foll[s ! same laws z gravity1 & its int5sity or degree decreases z ! squ>e ( ! di/ance f ! lum9\s body increases4 ,?us1 at ! di/ance ( two y>ds f a c&le we %all h f\r times less light ?an we %\ld h1 7 we only "o y>d f x1 & s on 9 ! same proportion4 ,illu/ration ,,refraction4 ,illu/ration ,bodies :i* suff] ! rays ( light to pass ?r\gh !m1 su* z wat] or glass1 are call$ refract+ m$ia4 ,:5 rays ( light ent] ^!1 !y d n proce$ 9 /raight l9es1 b are said to be refract$1 or b5t out ( _! c\rse1 z se5 9 ! draw+4 ,! ray ( light proce$+ f ,b ?r\gh ! glass ,l ,g is b5t f ! po9t ,c1 in/ead ( pass+ 9 ! direction ( ! dott$ l9e4 ,b if ! ray ,f ,c falls p]p5dicul>ly on ! glass1 !re is no refraction1 & x proce$s 9 a direct l9e to ,k2 h5ce refraction only takes place :5 rays fall obliquely or aslant on ! m$ia4 ,,! ,,invisible ,,co9 ,,made ,,visible4 ,illu/ration ,if a co9 be plac$ 9 a bas91 s t on /&+ at a c]ta9 di/ance x be j hid f ! eye ( an obs]v] by ! rim or edge ( ! bas91 & !n wat] be p\r$ 9 by a second p]son1 ! fir/ keep+ 8 position2 z ! wat] rises ! co9 w become visible1 & w appe> to h mov$ f ! side to ! middle ( ! bas94 ,,! ,,multiply+ ,,glass4 ,illu/ration ,! multiply+ glass is a semi-circul> piece ( glass cut into facets or di/9ct surfaces2 & 9 look+ ?r\gh x we h an illu/ration ( ! laws ( refraction1 = if a small object1 su* z a fly1 be plac$ at ,d1 an eye at ,e w see z _m flies z !re are surfaces or facets on ! glass4 ,,transp>5t ,,bodies4 ,illu/ration ,transp>5t bodies1 su* z glass1 may be made ( su* =m z to cause all ! rays :i* pass ?r\gh !m f any giv5 po9t to meet 9 any o!r giv5 po9t beyond !m1 or :i* w disp]se !m f ! giv5 po9t4 ,^! are call$ l5ses1 & h diff]5t names accord+ to _! =m4 #a is call$ ! plano-convex l5s2 #b1 plano-concave2 #c1 d\ble convex2 #d1 d\ble concave2 #e1 a m5iscus1 s call$ f its resembl+ ! cresc5t moon4 ,,! ,,prism4 ,illu/ration3 ,p4 ,! prism is a triangul> solid ( glass1 & by x ! "y optician may decompose a ray ( light into its primitive & supplem5t>y colors1 = a ray ( light is ( a comp\nd nature4 ,by ! prism ! ray ,a is divid$ into its ?ree primitive colors1 blue1 r$1 & yell[2 & _! f\r supplem5t>y ones1 violet1 indigo1 gre51 & orange4 ,! be/ way to p]=m ?is exp]im5t is to cut a small slit 9 a w9d[-%utt]1 on :i* ! sun %9es at "s p]iod ( ! day1 & directly opposite ! hole place a prism ,p2 a beam ( light 9 pass+ ?r\gh x w !n be decompos$1 & if let fall ^u a %eet ( :ite pap]1 or aga9/ a :ite wall1 ! sev5 colors ( ! ra9b[ w be obs]v$4 ,,to ,,make ,a ,,prism4 ,provide two small pieces ( w9d[-glass & a lump ( wax2 s(t5 & m\ld ! wax1 /ick ! two pieces ( glass ^u x1 s t !y meet1 z 9 ! cut1 :]e w is ! wax1 g & g ! glasses /uck to x 7,fig4 #a74 ,! end view 7,fig4 #b7 w %[ ! angle1 a1 at :i* ! pieces ( glass meet2 into :i* angle put a drop ( wat]4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #a4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #b4 ,to use ! in/rum5t ?us made1 make a small hole1 or a n>r[ horizontal slit1 s t y c see ! sky ?r\gh x1 :5 y /& at "s di/ance f x 9 ! room2 or a piece ( pa/ebo>d plac$ 9 ! upp] "p ( ! w9d[-sa%1 ) a slit cut 9 x1 w s]ve ! purpose ( ! hole 9 ! %utt]4 ,! slit %\ld be ab\t "o t5? ( an in* wide1 & an in* or two long1 ) ev5 edges4 ,!n hold ! prism 9 y\r h&1 place x close to y\r eye1 & look ?r\gh ! drop ( wat]1 :5 y w see a beautiful tra9 ( colors1 call$ a spectrum2 at "o end r$1 at ! o!r violet1 & 9 ! middle yell[i% gre54 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #c4 ,! annex$ ,figure #c w bett] expla9 ! direction 9 :i* we look3 "h1 e is ! eye ( ! spectator1 p is ! prism1 h ! hole 9 ! %utt] or pa/ebo>d1 s ! spectrum4 ,by a little practice1 y w soon become accu/om$ to look 9 ! "r direction1 & w see ! colors v bright & di/9ct4 ,by means ( ?is simple contrivance :ite light may be analyz$1 & prov$ to consi/ ( color$ rays1 & sev]al ( its prop]ties be beautifully illu/rat$4 ,,composition ,,( ,,light4 ,! beam ( light pass+ ?r\gh ! prism is decompos$1 & ! spaces occupi$ by ! colors are 9 ! foll[+ proportions3 r$1 #f2 orange1 #d2 yell[1 #g2 gre51 #h2 blue1 #h2 indigo1 #f2 violet1 #aa4 ,n[1 if y pa/e a %eet ( :ite pap] on a circul> piece ( bo>d ab\t six in*es 9 diamet]1 & divide x ) a p5cil into fifty p>ts1 & pa9t colors 9 !m 9 ! proportions giv5 above1 pa9t+ !m d>k 9 ! c5t] p>ts1 & gradually fa9t] at ! edges1 till !y bl5d ) ! "o adjo9+2 & if ! bo>d be !n fix$ to an axle1 & made to revolve quickly1 ! colors w no long] appe> sep>ate & di/9ct1 b becom+ gradually less visible1 !y w ultimately appe> :ite1 giv+ ?is appe>ance to ! :ole surface ( ! pap]4 ,illu/ration ,a ,,natural ,,cam]a ,,obscura4 ,! human eye is a cam]a obscura1 = on ! back ( x1 on ! ret9a1 e object 9 a l&scape is beautifully depict$ 9 m9iature4 ,?is may be prov$ by ! ,,bullock',s ,,eye ,,exp]im5t4 ,procure a fre% bullock's eye f ! but*]1 & c>efully ?9 ! out] coat ( x beh9d2 take c>e n to cut x1 = if ?is %\ld be done ! vitre\s humor w escape1 & ! exp]im5t _c be p]=m$4 ,hav+ s prep>$ ! eye1 if ! pupil ( x be direct$ to any bright objects1 !y w appe> di/9ctly del9eat$ on ! back "p precisely z objects appe> 9 ! in/rum5t we are ab\t to describe4 ,! effect w be height5$ if ! eye is view$ 9 a d>k room ) a small hole 9 ! %utt]1 b 9 e case ! appe>ance w be v /rik+4 ,,! ,,cam]a ,,obscura4 ,illu/ration ,?is is a v pleas+ & in/ructive optical app>atus1 & may be pur*as$ = f\r or five %ill+s4 ,b x may be easily made by ! "y optician4 ,procure an oblong box1 ab\t two feet long1 twelve in*es wide1 & eight high4 ,9 "o end ( ?is a tube mu/ be fitt$ conta9+ a l5s1 & be made to slide backw>ds & =w>ds s z to suit ! focus4 ,)9 ! box %\ld be a plane mirror1 recl9+ backw>ds f ! tube at an angle ( =ty-five degrees4 ,at ! top ( ! box is a squ>e ( unpoli%$ glass1 ^u :i* f b5ea? ! picture w be ?r[n1 & may be se5 by rais+ ! lid ,a4 ,to use ! cam]a1 place ! tube ) ! l5s on x opposite to ! object1 & hav+ adju/$ ! focus1 ! image w be ?r[n ^u ! gr\nd-glass z above /at$1 :]e x may be easily copi$ by a p5cil or 9 colors4 ,illu/ration ,! =m ( a cam]a obscura us$ 9 a public exhibition is z foll[s3 ,d ,d is a l>ge wood5 box /a9$ black 9 ! inside1 & capable ( conta9+ f "o to eight p]sons4 ,a ,b is a slid+ piece1 hav+ a slop+ mirror ,c1 & a d\ble convex l5s ,f1 :i* may1 ) ! mirror ,c1 be slid up or d[n s z to accommodate ! l5s to ne> & di/ant objects4 ,:5 ! rays proce$+ f an object )\t fall ^u ! mirror1 !y are reflect$ ^u ! l5s ,f1 & br\ght to fall on ! bottom ( ! box1 or ^u a table plac$ horizontally to receive !m1 :i* may be se5 by ! spectator ^: eye is at ,e4 ,,! ,,magic ,,lant]n4 ,illu/ration ,?is is "o ( ! mo/ pleas+ ( all optical in/rum5ts1 & x is us$ to produce enl>g$ pictures ( objects1 :i* be+ pa9t$ on a glass 9 v>i\s colors are ?r[n ^u a scre5 or :ite %eet plac$ aga9/ ! wall ( a l>ge room4 ,x consi/s ( a sort ( t9 box1 )9 :i* is a lamp1 ! light ( :i* 7/rongly reflect$ by ! reflector ,t17 passes ?r\gh a great plano-convex l5s ,e fix$ 9 ! front4 ,?is /rongly illum9ates ! objects :i* are pa9t$ on ! slides or slips ( glass1 & plac$ be=e ! l5s 9 an inv]t$ position1 & ! rays pass+ ?r\gh !m & ! l5s ,f1 fall on a %eet1 or o!r :ite surface1 plac$ to receive ! image4 ,! glasses on :i* ! figures are drawn are inv]t$1 9 ord] t ! images ( !m may be erect4 ,,! ,,cam]a ,,lucida4 ,illu/ration ,?is in/rum5t consi/s ( a glass prism1 ,c1 ,d1 ,d1 ,e1 hav+ f\r sides cov]$4 ,! sides ,c1 ,d1 be+ expos$ to ! object to be del9eat$1 rays pass ?r\gh ! glass & fall on ! slop+ side ,d1 ,e2 f ?is !y are reflect$ to ! top1 & f9ally pass out ( ! prism to ! eye2#f n[ f ! direction at :i* ! rays ent] ! eye1 x receives !m z if com+ f an image at ,a1 ,b1 & if a %eet ( pap] be plac$ bel[ ! in/rum5t1 a p]fect del9eation ( ! object may be trac$ ) a p5cil4 ,?is is a v useful in/rum5t to "y draughtsm54 ,,pa9t+ ,,! ,,slides4 ,! slides conta9+ ! objects usually %[n 9 a magic lant]n1 are to be b\ght ( opticians ) ! lant]n1 & c be procur$ *eap] & bett] 9 ?is way ?an by any attempt at manufactur+ !m4 ,%\ld1 h[ev]1 ! "y optician wi% to make a few slides ( objects ( p>ticul> int]e/ to himself1 he may proce$ z foll[s3 ,draw fir/ on pap] ! figures y wi% to pa9t1 lay x on ! table1 & cov] x ov] ) a piece ( glass ( ?is %ape2 n[ draw ! outl9es ) a f9e camel's hair p5cil 9 black pa9t mix$ ) v>ni%1 & :5 ?is is dry1 fill up ! o!r p>ts ) ! prop] colors1 %ad+ ) bi/re also mix$ ) v>ni%4 ,! transp>5t colors are alone to be us$ 9 ?is k9d ( pa9t+4 ,illu/ration ,,to ,,exhibit ,,! ,,magic ,,lant]n4 ,! room = ! exhibition ought to be l>ge1 & ( an oblong %ape4 ,at "o end ( x susp5d a l>ge %eet s z to cov] ! :ole ( ! wall4 ,! company be+ all seat$1 d>k5 ! room1 & plac+ ! lant]n ) its tube 9 ! direction ( ! %eet1 introduce "o ( ! slides into ! slit1 tak+ c>e to inv]t ! figures2 !n adju/ ! focus ( ! glasses 9 ! tube by draw+ x 9 or out z requir$1 & a p]fect repres5tation ( ! object w appe>4 ,,effects ,,( ,,! ,,magic ,,lant]n4 ,mo/ extraord9>y effects may be produc$ by means ( ! magic lant]n2 "o ( ! mo/ effective ( :i* is a ,,tempe/ ,,at ,,sea4 ,illu/ration ,illu/ration ,?is is effect$ by hav+ two slides pa9t$1 "o ) ! tempe/ z approa*+ on "o side1 & cont9u+ 9 int5sity till x rea*es ! o!r4 ,ano!r slide has %ips pa9t$ on x1 & :ile ! lant]n is 9 use1 t conta9+ ! %ips is dext]\sly drawn be=e ! o!r1 & repres5ts %ips 9 ! /orm4 ,! effects ( sunrise1 moonlight1 />light1 c41 may be imitat$1 also by means ( d\ble slid]s2 & figures may be introduc$ sometimes ( fe>ful proportions4 ,illu/ration ,heads may be made to nod1 faces to laugh2 eyes may be made to roll1 tee? to gna%2 crocodiles may be made to swall[ tig]s2 combats may be repres5t$2 b "o ( ! mo/ in/ructive uses ( ! slides is to make !m illu/rative ( a/ronomy1 & to %[ ! rotation ( ! seasons1 ! cause ( eclipses1 ! m\nta9s 9 ! moon1 spots on ! sun1 & ! v>i\s motions ( ! planet>y bodies1 & _! satellites4 ,,! ,,phantasmagoria4 ,betwe5 ! phantasmagoria & ! magic lant]n !re is ?is diff]5ce2 9 common magic lant]ns ! figures are pa9t$ on transp>5t glass1 consequ5tly ! image on ! scre5 is a circle ( light hav+ figures ^u x2 b 9 ! phantasmagoria all ! glass is made opaque1 except ! figures1 :i*1 be+ pa9t$ 9 transp>5t colors1 ! light %9es ?r\gh !m1 & no light c come ^u ! scre5 except t :i* passes ?r\gh ! figure1 z is "h repres5t$4 ,illu/ration ,!re is no %eet to receive ! picture1 b ! repres5tation is ?r[n on a ?9 scre5 ( silk or musl9 plac$ betwe5 ! spectators & ! lant]n4 ,! images are made to appe> approa*+ & rec$+ by remov+ ! lant]n fur!r f ! scre51 or br++ x ne>] to x4 ,?is is a great advantage ov] ! arrangem5ts ( ! magic lant]n1 & by x ! mo/ a/oni%+ effects are (t5 produc$4 ,,dissolv+ ,,views4 ,! dissolv+ views1 by :i* "o l&scape or sc5e appe>s to pass into ! o!r :ile ! sc5e is *ang+1 are produc$ by us+ two magic lant]ns plac$ side by side1 & t c be a little incl9$ t[>ds ea* o!r :5 necess>y1 s z to mix ! rays ( light proce$+ f ! l5ses ( ea* toge!r1 :i* produces t confusion ( images1 9 :i* "o view melts z x 7 into ! o!r1 :i* gradually becomes cle> & di/9ct4 ,,h[ ,,to ,,raise ,a ,,gho/4 ,illu/ration ,! magic lant]n or phantasmagoria1 may be us$ 9 a numb] ( m>vel\s ways1 b 9 none m /rik+ ?an 9 rais+ an app>5t spect]4 ,let an op5 box1 ,a ,b1 ab\t ?ree feet long1 a foot & half broad1 & two feet high1 be prep>$4 ,at "o end ( ?is place a small sw+ dress+ glass1 & at ! o!r let a magic lant]n be fix$ ) its l5ses 9 a direction t[>ds ! glass4 ,a glass %\ld n[ be made to slide up & d[n 9 ! groove ,c ,d1 to :i* a cord & pulley %\ld be atta*$1 ! end ( ! cord com+ to ! "p ( ! box m>k$ ,a4 ,on ?is glass ! mo/ hide\s spect] t c be imag9$ may be pa9t$1 b 9 a squat or contract$ position1 & :5 all is done1 ! lid ( ! box mu/ be prep>$ by rais+ a k9d ( gable at ! end ( ! box ,b1 & 9 its l[] "p at ,e1 an oval hole %\ld be cut suffici5tly l>ge to suff] ! rays reflect$ f ! glass to pass ?r\gh !m4 ,on ! top ( ! box ,f place a *af+ di%1 ^u :i* put "s burn+ *>coal4 ,n[ light ! lamp ,g 9 ! lant]n1 spr9kle "s p[d]$ camphor or :ite inc5se on ! *>coal1 adju/ ! slide on :i* ! spect] is pa9t$1 & ! image w be ?r[n ^u ! smoke4 ,9 p]=m+ ?is feat ! room mu/ be d>k5$1 & ! box %\ld be plac$ on a high table1 t ! hole ?r\gh :i* ! light comes may n be notic$4 ,,! ,,?aumatrope4 ,?is ^w is d]iv$ f two ,greek words1 "o ( :i* signifies wond]1 & ! o!r to turn4 ,x is a v pretty philosophical toy1 & is f\nd$ ^u ! pr9ciple 9 optics1 t an impression made ^u ! ret9a ( ! eye la/s = a %ort int]val aft] ! object :i* produc$ x has be5 )drawn4 ,! impression :i* ! m9d receives la/s = ab\t ! eigh? "p ( a second1 z may be easily %[n by :irl+ r\nd a light$ /ick1 :i* if made to complete ! circle )9 t p]iod1 w exhibit n a fi]y po9t1 b a fi]y circle 9 ! air4 ,,! ,,bird ,,9 ,,! ,,cage4 ,cut a piece ( c>dbo>d ( ! size ( a p5ny piece1 & pa9t on "o side a bird1 & on ! o!r a cage2 fa/5 two pieces ( ?read1 "o on ea* side1 at opposite po9ts ( ! c>d1 s t ! c>d c be made to revolve by twirl+ ! ?reads ) ! f+] & ?umb2 :ile ! toy is 9 its revolution1 ! bird w be se5 )9 ! cage4 ,a bat may 9 ! same mann] be pa9t$ on "o side ( ! c>d1 & a cricket] ^u ! o!r1 :i* w exhibit ! same ph5om5on1 aris+ f ! same pr9ciple4 ,illu/ration ,,con/ruction ,,( ,,! ,,phantasmascope4 ,! above-nam$ figure is a ,?aumatrope1 z mu* z ! "o we are ab\t to describe1 al?\gh ! t]m ,phantasmascope is g5]ally appli$ to ! latt] in/rum5t2 :i* consi/s ( a disc ( d>k5$ t9-plate1 ) a slit or n>r[ op5+ 9 x1 ab\t two in*es 9 l5g?4 ,x is fix$ ^u a /&1 & ! slit plac$ upw>ds1 s t x may easily be look$ ?r\gh4 ,ano!r disc ( pa/ebo>d1 ab\t a foot 9 diamet]1 is n[ prep>$ & fix$ on a simil> /&1 b ) ?is diff]5ce1 t x is made to revolve r\nd an axis 9 ! c5t]4 ,on ?is pa/ebo>d disc1 pa9t 9 colors a numb] ( frogs 9 relative & progressive positions ( leap+2 make betwe5 ea* figure a slit ( ab\t a qu>t] ( an in* deep2 & :5 ?is second disc is made to revolve at a foot di/ance beh9d ! fir/1 & ! eye is plac$ ne> ! slit1 ! :ole ( ! figures1 in/ead ( appe>+ to revolve ) ! disc1 w all appe> 9 ! attitudes ( leap+ up & d[n1 increas+ 9 agility z ! velocity ( ! motion is increas$4 ,x is necess>y1 :5 try+ ! effect ( ?is in/rum5t1 to /& be=e a look+-glass1 & to pres5t ! pa9t$ face ( ! ma*9e t[>ds ! glass4 ,a v great numb] ( figures may be prep>$ to produce simil> effects--horses ) rid]s 9 v>i\s attitudes ( leap+1 toads crawl+1 snakes twi/+ & wri?+1 faces laugh+ & cry+1 m5 danc+1 juggl]s ?r[+ up balls1 c42 all ( :i*1 by ! peculi> arrangem5t above detail$1 w seem to be 9 motion4 ,a little +5uity display$ 9 ! con/ruction & pa9t+ ( ! figures ^u ! pa/ebo>d disc w af=d a great fund ( amusem5t4 ,,curi\s ,,optical ,,illusion4 ,"o ( ! mo/ curi\s facts relat+ to ! sci5ce ( vision is ! absolute ins5sibility ( a c]ta9 portion ( ! ret9a to ! impression ( light1 s t ! image ( any object fall+ on t po9t w\ld be invisible4 ,:5 we look ) ! "r eye1 ?is po9t w be ab\t fifte5 degrees to ! "r ( ! object obs]v$1 or to ! "r ( ! axis ( ! eye1 or ! po9t ( mo/ di/9ct vision4 ,:5 look+ ) ! left eye1 ! po9t w be z f> to ! left4 ,! po9t 9 "q is ! basis ( ! optic n]ve1 & its ins5sibility to light 0 fir/ obs]v$ by ! ,fr5* philosoph]1 ,m>iotte4 ,?is rem>kable ph5om5on may be exp]im5tally prov$ 9 ! foll[+ mann]3 ,place on a %eet ( writ+-pap]1 at ! di/ance ( ab\t ?ree in*es ap>t1 two color$ waf]s2 !n1 on look+ at ! left-h& waf] ) ! "r eye1 at ! di/ance ( ab\t a foot1 keep+ ! eye /raight above ! waf]1 & bo? eyes p>allel ) ! l9e :i* =ms ! waf]s1 ! left eye be+ clos$1 ! "r-h& waf] w become invisible2 & a simil> effect w take place if we close ! "r eye1 & look ) ! left4 ,,ano!r4 ,cut a circul> piece ( :ite pap]1 ab\t two in*es 9 diamet]1 :i* affix to a d>k wall4 ,at ! di/ance ( two feet on ea* side1 b a little l[]1 make two m>ks2 !n place y\rself directly opposite ! pap]1 & hold ! end ( y\r f+] be=e y\r face1 s t :5 ! "r eye is op5 x %all conceal ! m>k on y\r left1 & :5 ! left eye is op5 ! m>k on y\r "r4 ,if y !n look ) bo? eyes at ! end ( y\r f+]1 ! pap] disc w be invisible4 ,,ano!r4 ,fix a simil> disc ( pap]1 two in*es 9 diamet]1 at ! height ( y\r eye on a d>k wall2 a little l[] ?an ?is1 at ! di/ance ( two feet on ! "r h&1 fix ano!r ( ab\t ?ree in*es 9 diamet]2 n[ place y\rself opposite ! fir/ %eet ( pap]1 &1 %utt+ ! left eye1 keep ! "r eye /ill fix$ on ! fir/ object1 & :5 at ! di/ance ( ab\t t5 feet1 ! second piece ( pap] w be invisible4 ,or1 fix ?ree pieces ( pap] aga9/ ! wall ( a room1 at equal di/ances1 at ! height ( ! eye4 ,place y\rself directly be=e !m1 at a few y>ds di/ance1 close y\r "r eye1 & look at !m ) y\r left1 :5 y w see only two ( !m1 suppose ! fir/ & second2 alt] y\r position a second "t1 & y w see ! second & ?ird1 b nev] ! :ole ?ree pieces toge!r4 ,on a %eet ( black pap]1 or o!r d>k gr\nd1 place two :ite waf]s1 hav+ _! c5t]s ?ree in*es di/ant4 ,v]tically above ! pap]1 & to ! left1 look ) ! "r eye1 at twelve in*es f x1 & s1 t :5 look+ d[n on x1 ! l9e jo9+ ! two eyes %all be p>allel to t jo9+ ! c5t] ( ! waf]s4 ,9 ?is situation close ! left eye1 & look full ) ! "r p]p5dicul>ly at ! waf] bel[ x1 :5 ?is waf] only w be se51 ! o!r be+ completely invisible4 ,b if x be remov$ ev] s little f its place1 ei!r to ! "r or left1 above or bel[1 x w become imm$iately visible1 & />t1 z x 71 into exi/5ce4 ,x w cease to be ?\ght s+ul>1 says ,sir ,john ,h]s*el1 t ?is fact ( ! absolute invisibility ( objects 9 a c]ta9 po9t ( ! field ( view ( ea* eye %\ld be "o ( :i* n "o p]son 9 t5 ?\s& is appriz$1 :5 we le>n t x is n extremely uncommon to f9d p]sons :o h = "s "t be5 totally bl9d ) "o eye )\t be+ aw>e ( ! fact4 ,,! ,,picture ,,9 ,,! ,,air4 ,"o ( ! num]\s optical illusions :i* h1 f "t to "t1 be5 evolv$ by sci5tific m9ds1 is t ( mak+ an image or picture appe> 9 ! air4 ,?is is produc$ by means ( a mirror1 & an object 9 relief1 ^u :i* a /rong light is ?r[n--! mirror be+ set at su* an angle z to ?r[ up ! reflection ( ! image to a c]ta9 po9t1 9 ! view ( ! spectator4 ,?is illusion is produc$ z foll[s3 ,let a scre5 be con/ruct$ 9 :i* is an ar*$ ap]ture1 ! c5t] ( :i* may be five feet f ! floor2 beh9d ! scre5 is plac$ a l>ge mirror ( an elliptical =m4 ,an object is n[ plac$ beh9d ! scre51 ^u :i* ! light ( a /rong lamp is ?r[n f a po9t above ! mirror1 & is receiv$ by ! mirror & reflect$ to ! c5t] ( ! ar*$ cavity 9 ! scre51 :]e x w appe> to ! spectator4 ,c>e %\ld be tak5 to place ! image 9 an inv]t$ position1 & ! light %\ld be s plac$ t none ( x may rea* ! op5+3 ! light mu/ also be v p[]ful4 ,,brea?+ ,,light ,,& ,,d>kness4 ,illu/ration ,! foll[+ exp]im5t1 if p]=m$ ) c>e1 is exce$+ly /rik+4 ,let ,s be a c&le1 ^: light falls at an angle ( #ef #de ^u two plate glasses1 ,a ,b1 plac$ close to ea* o!r2 & let ! reflect$ rays1 ,a ,c1 ,b ,d1 fall at ! same angle ^u two simil> plates1 ,c ,d1 b s plac$ t ! plane ( reflection f ! latt] is at "r angles to ! plane ( reflection f ! =m]4 ,an eye plac$ at ,e1 & look+ at ! same "t on ! two plates1 ,c & ,d1 w see v fa9t images ( ! c&le ,s2 :i* by a slight adju/m5t ( ! plates1 may be made to disappe> almo/ :olly1 all[+ ! plate ,c to rema9 :]e x is4 ,*ange ! position ( ,d till its incl9ation to ! ray ,b ,d is dim9i%$ ab\t #c1 or made ne>ly #ec #aa4 ,! di/ance may be easily f\nd by a little practice4 ,:5 ?is is done1 ! image t _h disappe>$ on look+ into ,d1 w be re/or$1 s t ! spectator at ,e1 ^u look+ into ! two mirrors1 ,c ,d1 w see no light 9 ,c1 because ! c&le has ne>ly disappe>$1 :ile ! c&le is di/9ctly se5 9 ,d4 ,if1 :ile ! spectator is look+ into ^! two mirrors1 ei!r he or ano!r p]son brea!s ^u !m g5tly & quickly1 ! brea? w revive ! ext+ui%$ image 9 ,c1 & w ext+ui% ! visible image 9 ,d4 ,,explanation4--,! light ,a1 ,c1 ,b1 ,d is pol>iz$ by reflection f ! plates ,a ,b1 because x is incid5t at ! pol>iz+ angle #ef #de = glass4 ,:5 we brea! ^u ! plates ,c ,d1 we =m ^u _! surface a ?9 film ( wat]1 ^: pol>iz+ angle is #ec #aa1 s t if ! pol>iz$ rays ,a ,c1 ,b ,d1 fall ^u ! plates ,c ,d1 at an angle ( #ec #aa1 ! c&le f :i* !y proce$ w\ld n be visible1 or !y w\ld n suff] reflection f ! plates ,c ,d4 ,at all ! o!r angles ! light w\ld be reflect$1 & ! c&le visible4 ,n[ ! plate ,d is plac$ at an angle ( #ec #aa1 & ,c at an angle ( #ef #de1 s t :5 a film ( wat] is brea!d ^u !m1 ! light w be reflect$ f ! latt]1 & none f ! =m]2 t is1 ! act ( brea?+ ^u ! glass plates w re/ore ! invisible1 & ext+ui% ! visible image4 ,,to ,,%[ ,,:at ,,rays ,,( ,,light ,,d ,,n ,,ob/ruct ,,ea* ,,o!r4 ,illu/ration ,make a small hole 9 a %eet ( pa/ebo>d ,a1 & plac+ x upright be=e ?ree c&les ,b1 plac$ closely toge!r1 x w be f\nd t ! images ( all ! c&le flames w be =m$ sep>ately on a piece ( pap] ,c1 laid on ! table to receive !m4 ,?is proves t ! rays ( light d n ob/ruct ea* o!r 9 _! progress1 al?\gh all cross 9 pass+ ?r\gh ! hole4 ,,h[ ,,to ,,see ,,?r\gh ,a ,,philadelphia ,,brick4 ,con/ruct a holl[ box or case1 l ! figure 9 ! m>g94 ,"o side is purposely remov$ 9 ! engrav+1 to enable y to see ! arrangem5t ( ! int]ior1 ,a1 ,b1 ,c1 & ,d1 are f\r small pieces ( look+-glass1 all plac$ at an angle ( #de1 ) respect to ^? sides ( ! box on :i* !y are fix$2 at ,e & ,g1 two flat pieces ( glass are ins]t$1 z 9 ! eye-glass ( a telescope4 ,suppos+ y look ?r\gh ! op5+ ,e1 9 ! direction ( an object plac$ at ,o1 y w\ld see x 9 ! same mann] z if !re 0 an un9t]rupt$ view betwe5 ,e & ,g1 :i* is evid5tly n ! case4 ,! cause ( ?is is readily expla9$4 ,! image ( ! object at ,o is receiv$ on ! look+-glass ,a1 by :i* x is reflect$ to ,b1 z x is aga9 f ,b to ,c1 & aft]w>ds to ,d2 & ?is la/ image 9 ,d is se5 by ! eye ( ! spectator plac$ at ,e1 9 ! same direction z if 9 reality he 0 look+ at ! real object itself1 9 ! direction ( ! dott$ l9e f ,o to ,e4 ,f ?is x is evid5t t ! plac+ an opaque body at ,f1 _c prev5t ! object at ,o be+ se54 ,( c\rse all ?is arrangem5t ( ! in/rum5t is conceal$1 & y place x 9 ! h&s ( a companion1 t he may look ?r\gh ,e or ,g1 x matt]s n :i*1 at any object plac$ beyond4 ,y may !n safely lay a wag] t y\r in/rum5t is ( s magical a nature t x w enable y to see ?r\gh a brick wall2 b z a s+le brick w be m conv5i5t1 & equally wond]ful1 y are will+ to satisfy 8 d\bts at once4 ,( c\rse1 ! h& or ! hat1 or any o!r opaque object1 w answ] ! same purpose4 ,illu/ration ,,! ,,/]eoscope4 ,?is is "o ( ! newe/ & mo/ int]e/+ optical surprises inv5t$1 b1 l _m o!r in/rum5ts1 x is indulg$ ) a v h>d "n1 :i* means1 ,solids ,i see4 ,= m]e amusem5t1 ! in/rum5t suppli$ ) ! necess>y pictures may suffice1 & !y are n[ sold l ! kaleidoscope at all optical in/rum5t mak]s1 toy%ops1 c4 ,! effect consi/s 9 obta9+ ! p]fect solidity ( a geometric object f two ord9>y draw+s1 pictures ( columns1 /atu>y1 figures1 fl[]s1 c41 c41 hav+ a r\nd$ appe>ance1 bread?1 & keep+1 :i* induce ! spectator to believe he is gaz+ at ! natural figure4 ,our limits preclude a l5g!n$ description ( ! philosophy ( ?is in/rum5t1 ! inv5tion ( ,pr(essor ,:eat/one4 ,we may1 h[ev]1 fir/ recomm5d our read]s to /udy ! /ructure ( ! eye1 9 ,brew/]'s ,treatise on ,optics1 :i* may be ?or\ghly impress$ on ! m9d by dissect+ c>efully ! eye ( a %eep or bullock4 ,n[1 if we cut op5 a portion ( ! eye ( a rec5tly kill$ animal1 & look 9 ^u ! ret9a1 :i* is a delicate network ( n]ves1 & is consid]$ ! m9d ( ! eye1 we %all behold all images inv]t$4 ,h[ !n1 d we see !m upright8 ,aga91 z we h two eyes at a di/ance f ea* o!r1 ! images =m$ on ! two ret9 _c be precisely alike3 h[ is x t confusion is n ! result1 in/ead ( p]fect images1 9 :i* we c appreciate ! geometric niceties ( l5g?1 bread?1 & ?ickness8 ,n[ ! /]eoscope assi/s u 9 und]/&+ ^! difficult que/ions2 &1 quot+ ,pr(essor ,:eat/one1 we f9d he /ates t ! !ory :i* has obta9$ ! greate/ curr5cy is t :i* assumes t an object is se5 s+le because its pictures fall on correspond+ po9ts ( ! two ret92 t is1 on po9ts :i* are simil>ly situat$ ) respect to ! two c5t]s1 bo? 9 di/ance & position4 ,?is !ory supposes t ! pictures project$ on ! ret91 are exactly simil> to ea* o!r correspond+ po9ts ( ! two pictures fall+ on correspond+ po9ts ( ! two ret94 ,n[1 ! fact is1 t an object pres5ts an entirely diff]5t appe>ance to ea* eye4 ,sir ,d4 ,brew/] rem>ks1 ,t 7 a pa9t] call$ ^u to take draw+s ( a /atue1 z se5 by ea* eye1 he w\ld fix at ! height ( 8 eyes a metallic plate1 ) two small holes 9 x1 & he w\ld !n draw ! /atue z se5 ?r\gh ! holes by ea* eye4 ,) ! utmo/ c>e1 h[ev]1 he c\ld n reproduce ! /atue by _! union4 ,9 ord] to d ?is1 a cam]a ) two l5ses ( ! same ap]ture & focal l5g?1 plac$ at ! same di/ance z ! two eyes1 mu/ be con/ruct$ & us$4 ,! /]eoscope is1 consequ5tly1 an imitation ( ! p[]s ( ! eyes1 giv+ solidity & a p]fect relievo appe>ance to any two pictures :i* might be drawn sep>ately f ! two l5ses 9 ! cam]a obscura m5tion$4 ,t is to say1 if x 7 possible to be beh9d ! ret9a ( ea* eye1 & draw ! two pictures ( any object se5 by our eyes1 ^? pictures put into ! /]eoscope1 w\ld reproduce ! solidity f :i* !y 7 drawn4 ,two in/rum5ts are sold1 & may be obta9$ ) ! photographic pictures1 almo/ at any optician's1 viz43 ! reflect+ & ! refract+ /]eoscope1 ( :i* we give draw+s4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #a ,,! ,,reflect+ ,,/]eoscope4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #b ,,refract+ ,,/]eoscope4 a a1 ! two pictures1 ,b ,b1 ! two mirrors1 s adju/$ t _! backs =m an angle ( n9ety degrees ) ea* o!r1 i4 e41 ! qu>t] ( a circle4 ,,ocul> ,,spectra4 ,"o ( ! mo/ curi\s affections ( ! eye is t 9 virtue ( :i* x sees :at are call$ ocul> spectra1 or accid5tal colors4 ,if we place a r$ waf] on a %eet ( :ite pap]1 &1 clos+ "o eye1 keep ! o!r direct$ = "s "t to ! c5t] ( ! waf]1 !n1 if we turn ! same eye to ano!r "p ( ! pap]1 we %all see a gre5 waf]1 ! color ( :i* w cont9ue to gr[ fa9t] & fa9t]1 z we cont9ue to look at x4 ,by us+ diff]5tly-color$ waf]s1 we obta9 ! foll[+ results3 ,,waf]4 ,,specim54 ,black1 ,:ite4 ,:ite1 ,black4 ,r$1 ,blui% ,gre54 ,orange1 ,blue4 ,yell[1 ,indigo4 ,gre51 ,violet1 ) a little ,r$4 ,blue1 ,orange ,r$4 ,indigo1 ,orange ,yell[4 ,violet1 ,blui% ,gre54 ,,brilliant ,,wat] ,,mirror4 ,ne>ly fill a glass tumbl] ) wat]1 & hold x1 ) y\r back to ! w9d[1 above ! level ( ! eye1 z 9 ! engrav+4 ,!n look obliquely1 z 9 ! direction ,e1 a1 c1 & y w see ! :ole surface %9+ l burni%$ silv]1 ) a /rong metallic reflection2 & any object1 z a spoon1 ,a1 ,c1 ,b1 imm]s$ 9 ! wat]1 w h its imm]s$ "p1 ,c ,b1 reflect$ on ! surface1 z 9 a mirror1 b ) a brilliancy f> surpass+ t :i* c be obta9$ f quicksilv]1 or f ! mo/ highly-poli%$ metals1 by any means :atev]4 ,illu/ration ,,optics ,,( ,a ,,soap ,,bubble4 ,illu/ration ,if a soap-bubble be bl[n up1 & set "u a glass1 s t ! motion ( air may n affect x1 z ! wat] glides d[n ! sides & ! top gr[s ?9n]1 sev]al colors w successively appe> at ! top1 & spread !mselves f !nce d[n ! sides ( ! bubble1 till !y vani% 9 ! same ord] 9 :i* !y appe>4 ,at l5g?1 a black spot appe>s at ! top1 & spreads till ! bubble bur/s4#g ,,! ,,kaleidoscope4 ,illu/ration ,if any object be plac$ betwe5 two plane mirrors1 incl9$ t[>ds ea* o!r at an angle ( ?irty degrees1 ?ree sev]al images w be p]ceiv$ 9 ! circumf]5ce ( a circle4 ,on ?is pr9ciple is =m$ ! kaleidoscope1 inv5t$ by ,sir ,david ,brew/]1 & by means ( :i* ! reflect$ images view$ f a p>ticul> po9t exhibit symmetrical figures1 "u an inf9ite arrangem5t ( beautiful =ms & colors4 ,! kaleidoscope may be b\ght at any toy-%op1 b x is requisite t e "y p]son %\ld be able to con/ruct "o = himself4 ,he mu/1 !re=e1 procure a tube ( t9 or pap]1 ( ab\t t5 in*es 9 l5g?1 & two & a half or ?ree in*es 9 diamet]4 ,"o end ( ?is %\ld be /opp$ up ) t9 or pap]1 securely fa/5$1 9 :i* is to be made a hole1 ab\t ! size ( a small pea1 = ! eye to look ?r\gh4 ,two pieces ( well-silv]$ look+-glass1 ,b ,b1 are n[ to be procur$2 !y mu/ be n q s long z ! tube1 & !y %\ld be plac$ 9 ! tube l5g?wise1 at an angle ( #fj degrees1 meet+ toge!r 9 a po9t at ,a1 & sep>at+ to ! po9ts ,c ,c1 ! poli%$ surfaces look+ inw>ds4 ,a circul> piece ( glass is n[ to be laid on ! top ( ! edges ( ! reflectors1 ,b ,b2 :i*1 by _! n be+ q s long z ! tube1 w all[ room = its fall+ 91 & x w be support$ by ! edges ( ! tube1 :i* may be slightly b5t ov]1 to prev5t ! glass f fall+ out4 ,?is hav+ be5 done1 n[ proce$ to make ! cap ( ! in/rum5t4 ,a rim ( t9 or pa/ebo>d mu/ be cut1 s z to fit ov] ! glass end ( ! tube2 & 9 ?is1 on ! out] side1 a piece ( gr\nd glass mu/ be fa/5$1 s t ! :ole may fit on ! tube l ! lid ( a pill-box4 ,!n1 be=e putt+ x on1 obta9 "s small pieces ( brok5 glass ( v>i\s colors1 beads1 little /rips ( wire1 or any o!r object1 & place !m 9 ! cap2 & by pass+ x ov] ! end1 s t ! brok5 glass1 c4 has free motion1 ! in/rum5t is complete4 ,to use x1 apply ! eye to ! small hole1 &1 on turn+ x1 ! mo/ beautiful =ms w appe>1 9 ! mo/ wond]ful comb9ations4 ,illu/ration ,! foll[+ curi\s calculation has be5 made ( ! numb] ( *anges ?is in/rum5t w admit (4 ,suppos+ x to conta9 #bj small pieces ( glass1 & t y make #aj *anges 9 a m9ute1 x w take an inconceivable space ( "t1 i4 e4 #dfb1hhj1hii1egf ye>s1 & #cfj days1 to g ?r\gh ! imm5se numb] ( *anges ( :i* x is capable4 ,,simple ,,sol> ,,microscope4 ,hav+ made a circul> hole 9 a w9d[-%utt]1 ab\t ?ree in*es 9 diamet]1 place 9 x a glass l5s ( ab\t twelve in*es focal di/ance4 ,to ! inside ( ! hole adapt a tube1 hav+ at a small di/ance f ! l5s a slit1 capable ( receiv+ "o or two v ?9 plates ( glass1 to :i* ! object to be view$ mu/ be affix$ by means ( a little gum wat] exce$+ly transp>5t4 ,into ?is tube fit ano!r1 furni%$ at its extremity ) a l5s ( half an in* focal di/ance4 ,place a mirror be=e ! hole ( ! w9d[-%utt] on ! outside1 9 su* a mann] z to ?r[ ! light ( ! sun into ! tube1 & y w h a sol> magic lant]n4 ,! me?od ( employ+ ?is arrangem5t ( l5ses = microscopic purposes is z foll[s3 ,hav+ d>k5$ ! room1 & by means ( ! mirror reflect$ ! sun's rays on ! glasses 9 a direction p>allel to ! axis1 place "s small object betwe5 ! two moveable plates ( glass1 or affix x to "o ( !m ) v transp>5t gum wat]1 & br+ x exactly into ! axis ( ! tube2 if ! moveable tube be !n pu%$ out or drawn 91 till ! object be a little beyond ! focus1 x w be se5 pa9t$ v di/9ctly on a c>d1 or piece ( :ite pap]1 held at a prop] di/ance1 & w appe> to be greatly magnifi$4 ,a small insect w appe> z a l>ge animal1 a hair z big z a walk+-/ick1 & ! almo/ invisible eels 9 pa/e or v9eg> z l>ge z common eels4 ,,anamorphoses4 ,?is is a v curi\s optical effect1 produc+ a di/ort$ & grotesque figure f a regul> "o4 ,! t]m is d]iv$ f two ,greek words1 signify+ a di/ortion ( figure1 & by its means _m optical puzzles may be produc$ geometrically4 ,take any subject1 su* z ! portrait ( a head2 divide x v]tically & horizontally ) p>allel l9es1 ( :i* ! out] sides %all =m ! b\nd>y1 ,a1 ,b1 ,c1 ,d1 & ! :ole %all be equi-di/ant4 ,!n1 on a sep>ate piece ( pap]1 or c>dbo>d1 prep>e a draw+ simil> to ,fig4 #b by ! foll[+ means3 #a4 ,draw a horizontal l9e1 a b1 equal to ,a ,b1 & divide x into z _m equal p>ts z ! latt] is divid$4 #b4 ,let fall a p]p5dicul> l9e1 e v1 f ! middle ( a b1 & !n draw s v p>allel to a b4 #c4 ,bo? e v & s v may be any l5g? at pleasure1 b ! long] ! fir/ is1 & ! %ort] ! o!r1 s w ! anamorphoses be m & m de=m$4 ,! proportions 9 our figures are suffici5tly diff]5t4 #d4 ,aft] hav+ drawn f ! po9t v "r l9es1 v #a1 v #b1 v #c1 v #d1 to ! divisions ( a b1 draw ! l9e s b1 & ?r\gh ea* po9t :]e s b int]sects ! div]g5t l9es1 draw o!r horizontal l9es p>allel to a b4 ,we n[ h a trapezium1 a b c d1 divid$ into z _m cells z ! squ>e 9 ,fig4 #a4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #a4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #b4 ,! next /ep is to fill up all ! cells ( ,fig4 #b ) portions ( ! device1 proportionate to _! position 9 ,fig4 #a4 ,= in/ance1 9 ,fig4 #a ! nose is 9 ! second v]tical division f ! left1 & 9 ! ?ird & f\r? horizontal divisions f ! top1 & t portion ( ! face mu/ accord+ly be plac$ 9 a correspond+ "p ( ,fig4 #b4 ,by ^! means we procure ! anamorphosis se5 9 ,fig4 #b1 :i*1 :5 view$ f a p>ticul> position1 w lose all its di/ortion1 & assume an appe>ance resembl+ t 9 ,fig4 #a4 ,?is position lies imm$iately ov] ! po9t v1 & at a height above x equal to ! l5g? ( ! l9e s v2 & ! means ( det]m9+ x are z foll[3 ,place ! draw+ horizontally be=e a w9d[2 take a slip ( c>d1 & re/ its l[] edge on ! l9e s v1 ! c>d be+ accurately v]tical2 pi]ce a small hole 9 ! c>d v]tically ov] ! po9t v1 & at a height f x equal to ! l5g? ( ! l9e s v1 !n1 ) ! eye plac$ imm$iately beh9d ! c>d1 look ?r\gh ! orifice at ! anamorphosis1 & x w be f\nd t z soon z ! eye has become accu/om$ to ! novelty ( ! exp]im5t ! anamorphosis w lose its di/ortion1 & appe> almo/ exactly l ! symmetrical figure4 ,x w\ld be v difficult1 & w\ld require geometrical reason+ ( a l5g!n$ k9d1 to %[ :y ?is p>ticul> =m ( con/ruction %\ld lead to su* results4 ,,! ,,cosmorama4 ,! pr9ciple ^u :i* ! cosmorama is =m$ is s simple1 t any p]son may easily fit up "o 9 a small summ] h\se1 c4 ,no?+ m is necess>y ?an to fix 9 a hole a d\ble convex l5s ( ab\t ?ree feet focus1 ,a1 & at r less ?an ?is di/ance a picture1 ,b1 is to be hung4 ,to absorb all ! rays ( light b ^? necess>y = see+ ! picture1 a squ>$ frame ( wood black5$ on ! inside is plac$ betwe5 ! l5s & ! picture4 ,! picture may be hung 9 a l>ge box hav+ a light com+ 9 ^u x f above1 or 9 a small closet illum9at$ 9 ! same mann]4 ,%\ld x be wi%$ to %[ ! picture by c&le-light1 a lamp1 c1 may be plac$ on ! top ( ! wood5 frame1 & if ! light ( ?is be conv]g$ by a l5s to a mod]ate radius1 x w be m effective4 ,illu/ration ,,di/ort$ ,,l&scapes4 ,illu/ration ,l&scapes or o!r matt]s may be drawn s z to produce curi\s optical illusions by ! foll[+ me?od4 ,take a piece ( smoo? :ite pa/ebo>d1 & sket* ! design ^u x4 ,prick ! outl9es 9 e "p ) a f9e p9 or ne$le1 !n place ! prick$ draw+ 9 a p]p5dicul> position1 & put a light$ c&le beh9d x4 ,place be=e x ano!r piece ( pa/ebo>d1 & foll[ ) a p5cil ! l9es giv5 by ! light1 & y h produc$ a di/ort$ l&scape4 ,n[ take away ! c&le & ! prick$ draw+1 & place y\r eye :]e ! light 01 & ! draw+ w assume ! regul> =m4 ,to get y\r eye 9 ! prop] position1 x w be advisable to cut out a piece ( c>d accord+ to ! prec$+ patt]n1 & rais+ x on its base1 ,b1 look ?r\gh ! hole at ,a1 :5 ! object w appe> 9 its prop] proportions4 ,illu/ration ,,! ,,magic ,,co94 ,among ! num]\s exp]im5ts ) :i* sci5ce a/oni%es & sometimes ev5 /rikes t]ror into ! ignorant1 !re is none m calculat$ to produce ?is effect ?an t ( display+ to ! eye 9 absolute d>kness ! leg5d or inscription ^u a co94 ,to d ?is1 take a silv] co9 7,i h always us$ an old "o71 & aft] poli%+ ! surface z mu* z possible1 make ! p>ts ( x :i* are rais$ r\gh by ! action ( an acid1 ! p>ts n rais$1 or ^? :i* are to be r5d]$ d>ke/1 reta9+ _! poli%4 ,if ! co9 ?us prep>$ is plac$ ^u a mass ( r$-hot iron1 & remov$ into a d>k room1 ! inscription ^u x w become less lum9\s ?an ! re/1 s t x may be di/9ctly read by ! spectator4 ,! mass ( r$-hot iron %\ld be conceal$ f ! obs]v]'s eye1 bo? = ! purpose ( r5d]+ ! eye fitt] = obs]v+ ! effect1 & ( remov+ all d\bt t ! inscription is really read 9 ! d>k1 t is1 )\t receiv+ any light1 direct or reflect$1 f any o!r body4 ,if1 9 place ( poli%+ ! depress$ p>ts1 & r\gh5+ its rais$ p>ts1 we make ! rais$ p>ts poli%$1 & r\gh5 ! depress$ p>ts1 ! inscription w n[ be less lum9\s ?an ! depress$ p>ts4 ,,footnotes3 ,footnote #f3 ,! eye is to be appli$ to ! little circul> hole se5 on ! upp] surface4 ,footnote #g3 ,! ?9ne/ sub/ance ev] obs]v$ is ! aque\s film ( ! soap-bubble previ\s to bur/+2 yet x is capable ( reflect+ ! fa9t image ( a c&le1 or ! sun4 ,h5ce its ?ickness mu/ correspond ) :at ,sir ,isaac ,newton calls ! beg9n+ ( black1 :i* appe>s 9 wat] at ! ?ickness ( ! sev5 hundr$ & fifty ?\s&? "p ( an in*4 ,,tricks ,,9 ,,me*anics4 ,illu/ration3 ,^! are ma*9ations comical4--,,=d4 ,!re is no subject ( su* importance z ,me*anics1 z its pr9ciples are f\nd$ ^u ! prop]ties ( matt] & ! laws ( motion2 & 9 kn[+ some?+ ( ^!1 ! tyro w lay ! f\ndation ( all sub/antial k4 ,! prop]ties ( matt] are ! foll[+3 ,solidity 7or ,imp5etrability71 ,divisibility1 ,mobility1 ,ela/icity1 ,brittl5ess1 ,malleability1 ,ductility1 & ,t5acity4 ,! laws ( motion are z foll[3 #a4 ,e body cont9ues 9 a /ate ( re/ or ( uni=m rectil9eal motion1 unless affect$ by "s extrane\s =ce4 #b4 ,! *ange ( motion is always proportionate to ! impell+ =ce4 #c4 ,action & reaction are always equal & contr>y4 ,,exp]im5t ,,( ,,! ,,law ,,( ,,motion4 ,9 %oot+ at taw1 if ! m>ble be /ruck plump1 z x is call$1 x moves =w>d exactly 9 ! same l9e ( direction2 b if /ruck sideways1 x w move 9 an oblique direction1 & its c\rse w be 9 a l9e situat$ betwe5 ! direction ( its =m] motion & t ( ! =ce impress$4 ,?is is call$ ! resolution ( =ces4 ,,balanc+4 ,! c5t] ( gravity 9 a body is t "p ab\t :i* all ! o!r p>ts equally balance ea* o!r4 ,9 balanc+ a /ick ^u ! f+]1 or ^u ! *91 x is necess>y only to keep ! *9 or f+] exactly "u ! po9t :i* is call$ ! c5t] ( gravity4 ,,! ,,pranc+ ,,horse4 ,illu/ration ,cut out ! figure ( a horse1 & hav+ fix$ a curv$ iron wire to ! "u "p ( its body1 place a small ball ( lead ^u x4 ,place ! h9d legs ( ! horse on ! table1 & x w rock to & fro4 ,if ! ball be remov$1 ! horse w\ld imm$iately tumble1 because unsupport$1 ! c5t] ( gravity be+ 9 ! front ( ! prop2 b ^u ! ball be+ replac$1 ! c5t] ( gravity imm$iately *anges its position1 & is br\ght "u ! prop1 & ! horse is aga9 9 equilibrio4 ,,to ,,con/ruct ,a ,,figure1 ,,:i*1 ,,be+ ,,plac$ ,,^u ,a ,,curv$ ,,surface1 ,,& ,,incl9$ ,,9 ,,any ,,position1 ,,%all1 ,,:5 ,,left ,,to ,,itself1 ,,return ,,to ,,its ,,=m] ,,position4 ,! feet ( ! figure re/ on a curv$ pivot1 :i* is su/a9$ by two load$ balls bel[2 = ! weight ( ^! balls be+ mu* great] ?an t ( ! figure1 _! effect is to br+ ! c5t] ( gravity ( ! :ole b5ea? ! po9t on :i* x re/s2 consequ5tly ! equilibrium w resi/ any slight =ce to di/urb x4 ,,to ,,make ,a ,,c>riage ,,run ,,9 ,,an ,,inv]t$ ,,position ,,)\t ,,fall+4 ,illu/ration ,x is pretty well kn[n to mo/ boys1 t if a tumbl] ( wat] be plac$ )9 a broad wood5 hoop1 ! :ole may be :irl$ r\nd )\t fall+1 ow+ to ! c5trifugal =ce4 ,on ! same pr9ciple1 if a small c>riage be plac$ on an iron b& or rail1 x w asc5d ! curve1 become inv]t$1 & desc5d aga91 )\t fall+4 ,,to ,,cause ,a ,,cyl9d] ,,to ,,roll ,,by ,,its ,,own ,,weight ,,up ,,hill4 ,procure a c(fee cani/]1 & load+ x at ,f ) a piece ( lead1 :i* may be fix$ 9 ) sold]1 ! position ( ! c5t] ( gravity is ?us alt]$4 ,if a cyl9d] s con/ruct$ be plac$ on an incl9$ plane1 & ! load$ "p above1 x w roll up hill )\t assi/ance4 ,illu/ration ,,! ,,balanc$ ,,/ick4 ,procure a piece ( wood1 ab\t n9e in*es 9 l5g? & ab\t half an in* 9 ?ickness1 & ?ru/ into its upp] end ! blades ( two p5knives1 on ei!r side "o4 ,place ! o!r end ^u ! tip ( ! =e-f+]1 & x w keep its place )\t fall+4 ,illu/ration ,,! ,,*9ese ,,m&>94 ,con/ruct out ( ! pi? ( eld] a little m&>92 !n provide a base = x to sit 91 l a kettle-drum4 ,into ?is put "s heavy sub/ance1 su* z half a lead5 bullet2 fa/5 ! figure to ?is1 & 9 :atev] position x may be plac$1 x w1 :5 left to itself1 imm$iately return to its upright position4 ,,to ,,make ,a ,,qu>t] ,,doll> ,,turn ,,on ,,its ,,edge ,,on ,,! ,,po9t ,,( ,a ,,ne$le4 ,illu/ration ,take a bottle1 ) a cork 9 its neck1 & 9 x1 9 a p]p5dicul> position1 a middle-siz$ ne$le4 ,fix a qu>t] doll> into ano!r cork1 by cutt+ a nick 9 x2 & /ick into ! same cork two small table-=ks1 opposite ea* o!r1 ) ! h&les incl9+ d[nw>ds4 ,if ! rim ( ! qu>t] doll> be n[ pois$ on ! po9t ( ! ne$le1 x may easily be made to sp9 r\nd )\t fall+1 z ! c5t] ( gravity is bel[ ! ! c5t] ( susp5sion4 ,,! ,,self-,,balanc$ ,,pail4 ,y lay a /ick across ! table1 lett+ "o ?ird ( x project ov] ! edge2 & y und]take to hang a pail ( wat] on x1 )\t ei!r fa/5+ ! /ick on ! table1 or lett+ ! pail re/ on any support2 & ?is feat ! laws ( gravitation w enable y lit]ally to accompli%4 ,illu/ration ,y take ! pail ( wat]1 & hang x by ! h&le ^u ! project+ end ( ! /ick1 9 su* a mann] t ! h&le may re/ on x 9 an incl9$ position1 ) ! middle ( ! pail )9 ! edge ( ! table4 ,t x may be fix$ 9 ?is situation1 place ano!r /ick ) "o ( its ends re/+ aga9/ ! side at ! bottom ( ! pail1 & its o!r end aga9/ ! fir/ /ick1 :]e !re %\ld be a not* to reta9 x4 ,by ^! means1 ! pail w rema9 fix$ 9 t situation1 )\t be+ able to incl9e to ei!r side2 nor c ! /ick slide along ! table1 or move along its edge1 )\t rais+ ! c5t] ( gravity ( ! pail1 & ! wat] x conta9s4 ,,to ,,lift ,a ,,bottle ,,) ,a ,,/raw4 ,take a /raw1 & hav+ b5t ! ?ick] end ( x 9 a %>p angle1 z 9 figure subjo9$1 put ?is hook$ end into ! bottle1 s t ! b5t "p may re/ aga9/ its side2 y may !n take ! o!r end1 & lift up ! bottle by x1 )\t break+ ! /raw1 & ?is w be ! m readily accompli%$ z ! angul> "p ( ! /raw approa*es ne>] to t :i* comes out ( ! bottle4 ,x is necess>y1 9 ord] to succe$ 9 ?is feat1 to be p>ticul>ly c>eful 9 *oos+ a /\t /raw1 :i* is nei!r brok5 nor bruis$2 if x h be5 previ\sly b5t or damag$1 x is unfit = ! purpose ( p]=m+ ?is trick1 z x w be too weak 9 ! "p s b5t1 or damag$1 to support ! bottle4 ,illu/ration ,,! ,,danc+ ,,pea4 ,illu/ration ,if y /ick ?r\gh a pea1 or small ball ( pi?1 two p9s#h at "r angles1 & def5d ! po9ts ) pieces ( seal+ wax1 x may be kept 9 equilibrio at a %ort di/ance f ! end ( a /raight tube by means ( a curr5t ( brea? f ! m\?1 :i* imp>ts a rot>y motion to ! pea4 ,,! ,,top]',s ,,tripod4 ,illu/ration ,place ?ree tobacco pipes 9 ! position %[n 9 ! engrav+1 ! m\? ( ! b[ls d[nw>ds1 & ! l[] end ( ! /ems ^u ! /em j by ! b[ls4 ,?is tripod1 if c>efully put toge!r1 w support consid]ably m ?an a pot ( ale4 ,,obliquity ,,( ,,motion4 ,illu/ration ,illu/ration ,cut a piece ( pa/ebo>d into ! foll[+ %ape1 & describe on x a spiral l9e2 cut ?is out ) a p5knife1 & !n susp5d x on a l>ge skew] or p91 z se5 9 ! engrav+4 ,if ! :ole be n[ plac$ on a w>m /ove1 or ov] ! flame ( a c&le or lamp1 x w revolve ) consid]able velocity4 ,! c>d1 aft] be+ cut into ! spiral1 may be made to repres5t a snake or dragon1 & :5 9 motion w produce a v pleas+ effect4 ,,! ,,bridge ,,( ,,knives4 ,illu/ration ,place ?ree glasses1 ,a ,a ,a1 9 ! =m ( a triangle1 & arrange ?ree knives ^u !m1 z %[n 9 ! figure1 ! blade ( ,no4 #a ov] t ( ,no4 #b1 & t ov] ,no4 #c1 :i* re/s on ,no4 #a4 ,! bridge s made w be self-support$4 ,,s& ,,9 ,,! ,,h\r-,,glass4 ,x is a rem>kable fact1 t ! fl[ ( s& 9 ! h\r-glass is p]fectly equable1 :atev] may be ! quantity 9 ! glass2 t is1 ! s& runs no fa/] :5 ! upp] half ( ! glass is q full ?an :5 x is ne>ly empty4 ,x w\ld1 h[ev]1 be natural en\gh to conclude t1 :5 full ( s&1 x w\ld be m swiftly urg$ ?r\gh ! ap]ture1 ?an :5 ! glass 0 only a qu>t] full1 & ne> ! close ( ! h\r4 ,! fact ( ! ev5 fl[ ( s& may be prov$ by a v simple exp]im5t4 ,provide "s silv] s&1 dry x ov] or be=e ! fire1 & pass x ?r\gh a tol]ably f9e sieve4 ,!n take a tube1 ( any l5g? or diamet]1 clos$ at "o end1 9 :i* make a small hole1 say ! eigh? ( an in*2 /op ?is ) a peg1 & fill up ! tube ) ! sift$ s&4 ,hold ! tube /eadily1 or fix x to a wall1 or frame1 at any height f a table2 remove ! peg1 & p]mit ! s& to fl[ 9 any measure = any giv5 "t1 & note ! quantity4 ,!n1 let ! tube be empti$1 & only half or a qu>t] fill$ ) ! s&2 measure aga91 = a l "t1 & ! same quantity ( s& w fl[3 ev5 if y press ! s& 9 ! tube ) a rul] or /ick1 ! fl[ ( ! s& ?r\gh ! hole w n be increas$4 ,! above is expla9$ by ! fact1 t :5 ! s& is p\r$ into ! tube1 x fills x ) a succession ( conical heaps1 & t all ! weight :i* ! bottom ( ! tube su/a9s is only t ( ! heap :i* fir/ falls ^u x2 z ! succe$+ heaps d n press d[nw>ds1 b only aga9/ ! sides or walls ( ! tube4 ,,resi/ance ,,( ,,s&4 ,f ! above exp]im5t x may be conclud$1 t x is extremely difficult to ?ru/ s& out ( a tube by means ( a fitt+ plug or pi/on2 & ?is1 ^u trial1 is f\nd to be ! case4 ,fit a pi/on to a tube 7exactly l a boy's pop-gun17 p\r "s s& 91 & try ) ! utmo/ /r5g? ( ! arm to pu% out ! s&4 ,x w be f\nd impossible to d ?is3 r ?an ! s& %\ld be %ot out1 ! tube w bur/ at ! sides4 ,,footnotes3 ,footnote #h3 ,! p9s are only us$ to hold ! pea /eady be=e x is bl[n f ! pipe1 z ! pea alone w dance q z well4 ,,tricks ,,9 ,,hydraulics4 ,! sci5ce ( ,hydraulics compreh5ds ! laws :i* regulate non-ela/ic fluids 9 motion1 & especially wat]1 c4 ,illu/ration ,wat] c only be set 9 motion by two causes--! pressure ( ! atmosph]e1 or its own gravity4 ,! pr9cipal law conc]n+ fluids is1 t !y always pres]ve _! own level4 ,h5ce wat] c be di/ribut$ ov] a t[n f any res]voir t is high] ?an ! h\ses to be suppli$2 & ! same pr9ciple w enable u to =m f\nta9s 9 a g>d51 or o!r place4 ,%\ld any ( our "y fri5ds wi% to =m a f\nta91 or jet-d'-eau1 !y may1 by br++ a pipe f ,t1 a wat]-tank1 :i* %\ld be at ! upp] "p ( ! h\se1 convey ! wat] d[n to ! g>d54 ,!n by lead+ x ?r\gh ! e>?1 und]nea? ! pa? or grass plot1 & turn+ x to a p]p5dicul> position1 ! wat] w spr+ out1 & rise ne>ly z high z ! level ( t 9 ! tank4 ,! "p ( ! pipe at ,b %\ld h a turnkey1 s t ! wat] may be let on or %ut (f at pleasure4 ,,! ,,pump4 ,! action ( ! common pump is z foll[s3 ,:5 ! h&le ,a is rais$1 ! pi/on-rod ,b desc5ds1 & br+s ! pi/on-valve1 call$ ! suck]1 or bucket1 to ano!r valve1 ,c1 :i* is fix$1 & op5s inw>ds t[>ds ! pi/on4 ,:5 ! h&le is drawn d[n1 ! pi/on is rais$1 &1 z x is air-tight1 a vacuum is produc$ betwe5 ! two valves2 ! air 9 ! valve ( ! pump1 betwixt ! l[] valve & ! wat]1 !n =ces op5 ! l[] valve1 & ru%es ?r\gh to fill up ?is vacuum2 & ! air 9 ! pump be+ less d5se ?an ! ext]nal atmosph]e1 ! wat] is =c$ a %ort way up ! b>rel4 ,:5 ! pi/on aga9 desc5ds to ! l[] valve1 ! air betwe5 !m is aga9 =c$ out by =c+ op5 ! upp] valve2 & :5 ! pi/on is rais$1 a vacuum is aga9 produc$1 & ! air bel[ ! l[] valve ru%es up1 & ! wat] 9 consequ5ce is aga9 rais$ a little fur!r4 ,?is op]ation cont9ues until ! wat] rises above ! l[] valve2 at e /roke aft]w>ds1 ! wat] passes ?r\gh ! valve ( ! desc5d+ pi/on1 & is rais$ by x1 on its asc5t1 until x issues out ( ! sp\t4 ,illu/ration ,,! ,,hydraulic ,,danc]4 ,illu/ration ,make a little figure ( cork1 9 ! %ape ( a danc+ m\ntebank1 sailor1 c4 ,9 ?is figure place a small holl[ cone1 made ( ?9 leaf brass4 ,:5 ?is figure is plac$ ^u any jet-d'-eau1 su* z t ( ! f\nta9 recomm5d$ to be con/ruct$1 x w be susp5d$ on ! top ( ! wat]1 & p]=m a great v>iety ( amus+ motions4 ,if a holl[ ball ( v ?9 copp]1 ab\t an in* 9 diamet]1 be plac$ on a simil> cone1 x w rema9 susp5d$1 turn+ r\nd & spread+ ! wat] all ab\t x4 ,,! ,,syphon4 ,illu/ration ,! syphon is a b5t tube1 hav+ "o leg %ort] ?an ! o!r4 ,x acts by ! pressure ( ! atmosph]e be+ remov$ f ! surface ( a fluid1 :i* makes x to rise above its common level at ,b4 ,9 ord] to make a syphon act1 x is necess>y fir/ to fill bo? legs q full ( ! fluid2 & !n ! %ort] leg mu/ be plac$ 9 ! vessel to be empti$4 ,imm$iately ^u )draw+ ! f+] f ! long] leg1 ! liquor w fl[4 ,any "y p]son may =m a syphon by a small piece ( lead5 pipe1 b5t into ! =m above4 ,,! ,,wat] ,,snail1 ,,or ,,ar*im$ian ,,screw may easily be con/ruct$4 ,pur*ase a y>d ( small lead5 pipe1 & twi/ x r\nd a pole1 z 9 ! foll[+ figure1 ,a2 place a h&le at its upp] end1 ,b1 & let its l[] end re/ 9 ! wat]4 ,betwe5 ! la/ turn ( ! pipe & ! orifice place a paddle-:eel1 ,c4 ,n[1 %\ld ! wat] be t ( a runn+ /ream1 ! =ce ( ! /ream w turn ! pipe1 & ! wat] w rise 9 x till x empties itself into ! tr\gh at ,d4 ,%\ld ! wat] h no motion1 ! turn+ ( ! h&le at ,b w elevate ! wat] f ! l[] to ! high] level4 ,illu/ration ,,! ,,bottle ,,ejectm5t4 ,fill a small :ite glass bottle1 ) a v n>r[ neck1 full ( w9e2 place x 9 a glass vase1 :i* mu/ previ\sly h suffici5t wat] 9 x to rise above ! m\? ( ! bottle4 ,imm$iately y w p]ceive ! w9e rise1 9 ! =m ( a little column1 t[>d ! surface ( ! wat]1 & ! wat] w1 9 ! mean "t1 beg9 to take ! place ( ! w9e at ! bottom ( ! bottle4 ,! cause ( ?is is1 t ! wat] is heavi] ?an ! w9e1 :i* x displaces1 & =ces x to rise t[>d ! surface4 ,,! ,,magic ,,( ,,hydro/atics ,,) ,,! ,,anci5ts4 ,! pr9ciples ( ,hydro/atics 7 available 9 ! "w ( magical deception4 ,! m>vel\s f\nta9 :i* ,pl9y describes 9 ! isl& ( ,&ros z dis*>g+ w9e = sev5 days1 & wat] dur+ ! re/ ( ! ye>1--! spr+ ( oil :i* broke out 9 ,rome to welcome ! return ( ,augu/us f ! ,sicilian w>1--! ?ree empty urns :i* fill$ !mselves ) w9e at ! annual fea/ ( ,bac*us 9 ! city ( ,elis1--! glass tomb ( ,belus1 :i* 0 full ( oil1 & :i*1 :5 once empti$ by ,x]xes1 c\ld n aga9 be fill$1--! weep+ /atues1 & ! p]petual lamps ( ! anci5ts1--7 all ! obvi\s effect ( ! equilibrium & pressure ( fluids4 ,,to ,,empty ,a ,,glass ,,"u ,,wat]4 ,fill a w9e-glass ) wat]1 place ov] its m\? a c>d1 s z to prev5t ! wat] f escap+1 & put ! glass1 m\? d[nw>ds1 into a bas9 ( wat]4 ,next1 remove ! c>d1 & raise ! glass p>tly above ! surface1 b keep its m\? bel[ ! surface1 s t ! glass /ill rema9s completely fill$ ) wat]4 ,!n ins]t "o end ( a quill or re$ 9 ! wat] bel[ ! m\? ( ! glass1 & bl[ g5tly at ! o!r end1 :5 air w asc5d 9 bubbles to ! highe/ "p ( ! glass1 & expel ! wat] f x2 &1 if y cont9ue to bl[ ?r\gh ! quill1 all ! wat] w be empti$ f ! glass1 :i* w be fill$ ) air4 ,,tricks ,,9 ,,ac\/ics4 ,ac\/ics is ! sci5ce relat+ to s\nd & he>+4 ,s\nd is he>d :5 any %ock or impulse is giv5 to ! air1 or to any o!r body :i* is 9 contact directly or indirectly ) ! e>4 ,,diff]5ce ,,betwe5 ,,s\nd ,,& ,,noise4 ,noises are made by ! cracks ( :ips1 ! beat+ ( hamm]s1 ! creak ( a file or saw1 or ! hubbub ( a multitude4 ,b :5 a bell is /ruck1 ! b[ ( a viol9 drawn across ! /r+s1 or ! wett$ f+] turn$ r\nd a musical glass1 we h :at are prop]ly call$ s\nds4 ,,s\nds1 ,,h[ ,,propagat$4 ,s\nds are propagat$ on all bodies mu* aft] ! mann] t waves are 9 wat]1 ) a velocity ( #a1adb feet 9 a second4 ,s\nds 9 liquids & 9 solids are m rapid ?an 9 air4 ,two /ones rubb$ toge!r may be he>d 9 wat] at half a mile2 solid bodies convey s\nds to great di/ances1 & pipes may be made to convey ! voice ov] e "p ( ! h\se4 ,,visible ,,vibration4 ,provide a glass goblet ab\t two ?irds fill$ ) color$ wat]1 draw a fiddle b[ aga9/ its edge1 & ! surface ( ! wat] w exhibit a pleas+ figure1 compos$ ( fans1 f\r1 six1 or eight 9 numb]1 dep5d5t on ! dim5sions ( ! vessel1 b *iefly on ! pit* ( ! note produc$4 ,illu/ration ,or1 ne>ly fill a glass ) wat]1 draw ! b[ /rongly aga9/ its edge1 ! wat] w be elevat$ & depress$2 & :5 ! vibration has ceas$1 & ! surface ( ! wat] has become tranquil1 ^! elevations w be exhibit$ 9 ! =m ( a curv$ l9e1 pass+ r\nd ! int]ior surface ( ! glass1 & above ! surface ( ! wat]4 ,if ! action ( ! b[ be /rong1 ! wat] w be spr9kl$ on ! inside ( ! glass1 above ! liquid surface1 & ?is spr9kl+ w %[ ! curv$ l9e v p]fectly1 z 9 ! engrav+4 ,! wat] %\ld be c>efully p\r$1 s t ! glass above ! liquid be pres]v$ dry2 ! portion ( ! glass betwe5 ! edge & curv$ l9e w !n be se5 p>tially spr9kl$2 b1 betwe5 ! level ( ! wat] & ! curv$ l9e1 x w h become :olly wett$1 !reby indicat+ ! height to :i* ! fluid has be5 ?r[n4 ,,transmitt$ ,,vibration4 ,illu/ration ,provide a long1 flat glass rul] or rod1 z 9 ! engrav+1 & cem5t x ) ma/ic to ! edge ( a dr9k+ glass1 fix$ into a wood5 /&2 support ! o!r end ( ! rod v lightly on a piece ( cork1 & /rew its upp] surface ) s&2 set ! glass 9 vibration by a b[1 at a po9t opposite :]e ! rod meets x1 & ! motions w be communicat$ to ! rod )\t any *ange 9 _! direction4 ,if ! app>atus be inv]t$1 & s& be /rew$ on ! "u side ( ! rod1 ! figures w be se5 to correspond ) ^? produc$ on ! upp] surface4 ,,d\ble ,,vibration4 ,illu/ration ,provide two disks ( metal or glass1 precisely ( ! same dim5sions1 & a glass or metal rod2 cem5t ! two disks at _! c5t]s to ! ends ( ! rod1 z 9 ! engrav+1 & /rew _! upp] surfaces ) s&4 ,cause "o ( ! disks1 viz41 ! upp] "o1 to vibrate by a b[1 & its vibration w be exactly imitat$ by ! l[] disk1 & ! s& /rew$ ov] bo? w arrange itself 9 precisely ! same =ms on bo? disks4 ,,*ampagne ,,& ,,s\nd4 ,p\r sp>kl+ *ampagne into a glass1 until x is half full1 :5 ! glass w lose its p[] ( r++ by a /roke ^u its edge1 & w emit only a disagreeable & puffy s\nd4 ,nor w a glass r+ :ile ! w9e is brisk1 & fill$ ) air-bubbles2 b z ! eff]vesc5ce subsides1 ! s\nd w become cle>] & cle>]1 & :5 ! air-bubbles h entirely disappe>$1 ! glass w r+ z usual4 ,if a crumb ( bread be ?r[n into ! *ampagne1 & eff]vesc5ce be reproduc$1 ! glass w aga9 cease to r+4 ,! same exp]im5t w also succe$ ) soda wat]1 g+] w9e1 or any o!r eff]vesc+ liquid4 ,,music ,,( ,,! ,,snail4 ,place a g>d5 snail ^u a pane ( glass1 & 9 draw+ itself along1 x w frequ5tly produce s\nds simil> to ^? ( musical glasses4 ,,! ,,tun+-,,=k ,a ,,flute ,,play]4 ,illu/ration ,take a common tun+-=k1 & on "o ( its bran*es fa/5 ) seal+-wax a circul> piece ( c>d1 ( ! size ( a small waf]1 or suffici5t ne>ly to cov] ! ap]ture ( a pipe1 z ! slid+ ( ! upp] end ( a flute ) ! m\? /opp$3 x may be tun$ 9 unison ) ! load$ tun+-=k 7a ,c =k71 by means ( ! moveable /opp] or c>d1 or ! =k may be load$ till ! unison is p]fect4 ,!n set ! =k 9 vibration by a bl[ on ! unload$ bran*1 & hold ! c>d closely ov] ! m\? ( ! pipe1 z 9 ! engrav+1 :5 a note ( surpris+ cle>ness & /r5g? w be he>d4 ,inde$1 a flute may be made to speak p]fectly well1 by hold+ close to ! op5+ a vibrat+ tun+-=k1 :ile ! f+]+ prop] to ! note ( ! =k is at ! same "t p]=m$4 ,,musical ,,bottles4 ,provide two glass bottles1 & tune !m by p\r+ wat] into !m1 s t ea* corresponds to ! s\nd ( a diff]5t tun+-=k4 ,!n apply bo? tun+-=ks to ! m\? ( ea* bottle alt]nately1 :5 t s\nd only w be he>d1 9 ea* case1 :i* is reciprocat$ by ! unisonant bottle2 or1 9 o!r words1 by t bottle :i* conta9s a column ( air1 susceptible ( vibrat+ 9 unison ) ! =k4 ,,!ory ,,( ,,:isp]+4 ,ap>tm5ts ( a circul> or elliptical =m are be/ calculat$ = ! exhibition ( ?is ph5om5on4 ,if a p]son /& ne> ! wall1 ) 8 face turn$ to x1 & :isp] a few words1 !y may be m di/9ctly he>d at ne>ly ! opposite side ( ! ap>tm5t1 ?an if ! li/5] 0 situat$ ne> to ! speak]4 ,,!ory ,,( ,,! ,,voice4 ,provide a species ( :i/le1 common z a *ild's toy or a sportsman's call1 9 ! =m ( a holl[ cyl9d]1 ab\t ?ree f\r?s ( an in* 9 diamet]1 clos$ at bo? ends by flat circul> plates1 ) holes 9 _! c5t]s4 ,hold ?is toy betwe5 ! tee? & lips2 bl[ ?r\gh x1 & y may produce s\nds v>y+ 9 pit* ) ! =ce ) :i* y bl[4 ,if ! air be cauti\sly graduat$1 all ! s\nds )9 ! compass ( a d\ble octave may be produc$ f x2 &1 if great precaution be tak5 9 ! managem5t ( ! w9d1 tones ev5 yet grav] may be br\ght out4 ,?is simple in/rum5t1 or toy1 has inde$ ! greate/ resemblance to ! l>ynx1 :i* is ! organ ( voice4 ,,to ,,tune ,a ,,guit> ,,)\t ,,! ,,assi/ance ,,( ,,! ,,e>4 ,make "o /r+ to s\nd1 & its vibrations w1 ) mu* =ce1 be transf]r$ to ! next /r+3 ?is transf]5ce may be se51 by plac+ a saddle ( pap] 7l an inv]t$ 7 ^u ! /r+1 at fir/ 9 a /ate ( re/4 ,:5 ?is /r+ he>s ! o!r1 ! saddle w be %ak51 or fall (f2 :5 bo? /r+s are 9 h>mony1 ! pap] w be v little1 or n at all %ak54 ,,progress ,,( ,,s\nd4 ,:5 a b[ is drawn across ! /r+s ( a viol91 ! impulses produc$ may be r5d]$ evid5t by fix+ a small /eel bead ^u ! b[2 :5 look$ at by light1 or 9 sun%9e1 ! bead w seem to =m a s]ies ( dots dur+ ! passage ( ! b[4 ,,to ,,make ,,an ,,olian ,,h>p4 ,?is in/rum5t consi/s ( a long n>r[ box ( v ?9 p9e1 ab\t six in*es deep1 ) a circle 9 ! middle ( ! upp] side1 ( an in* & half 9 diamet]1 9 :i* are to be drill$ small holes4 ,on ?is side sev51 t51 or m /r+s ( v f9e catgut are /ret*$ ov] bridges at ea* end l ! bridge ( a fiddle1 & screw$ up or relax$ ) screw p9s4 ,! /r+s mu/ all be tun$ to "o & ! same note1#i & ! in/rum5t %\ld be plac$ 9 a w9d[ p>tly op51 9 :i* ! wid? is exactly equal to ! l5g? ( ! h>p1 ) ! sa% j rais$ to give ! air admission4 ,:5 ! air bl[s ^u ^! /r+s ) diff]5t degrees ( =ce x w excite diff]5t tones ( s\nd4 ,sometimes ! bla/ br+s out all ! tones 9 full conc]t1 & sometimes x s9ks !m to ! s(te/ murmurs4 ,a colossal imitation ( ! in/rum5t j describ$ 0 inv5t$ at ,milan 9 #aghf1 by ! ,abbate ,gattoni4 ,he /ret*$ sev5 /rong iron wires1 tun$ to ! notes ( ! gamut1 f ! top ( a t[] sixty feet high1 to ! h\se ( a ,signor ,moscate1 :o 0 int]e/$ 9 ! success ( ! exp]im5t1 & ?is app>atus1 call$ ! giant's h>p1 9 bl[+ wea!r yield$ l5g!n$ peals ( h>moni\s music4 ,9 a /orm ?is music 0 sometimes he>d at ! di/ance ( sev]al miles4 ,,! ,,invisible ,,girl4 ,illu/ration ,! facility ) :i* ! voice circulates ?r\gh tubes 0 kn[n to ! anci5ts1 & no d\bt has af=d$ ! prie/s ( all religions means ( deception to ! ignorant & cr$ul\s4 ,b ( late days ! light ( sci5ce dispels all su* wick$ deceptions4 ,a v clev] ma*9e 0 produc$ at ,p>is sev]al ye>s ago1 & aft]w>ds exhibit$ 9 ,new ,york & o!r cities 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 "u ! "n ( ! ,invisible ,girl1 s9ce ! app>atus 0 s con/ruct$ t ! voice ( a female at a di/ance 0 he>d z if x orig9at$ f a holl[ globe1 n m ?an a foot 9 diamet]4 ,x consi/$ ( a wood5 frame some?+ l a t5t b$/ead1 =m$ by f\r pill>s a a a a1 connect$ by upp] cross rails b b1 & simil> rails bel[1 :ile x t]m9at$ above 9 f\r b5t wires c c1 proce$+ at "r angles ( ! frame1 & meet+ 9 a c5tral po9t4 ,! holl[ copp] ball d1 ) f\r trumpets1 t t1 cross+ f x at "r angles1 hung 9 ! c5t] ( ! frame1 be+ connect$ ) ! wires alone by f\r n>r[ ribbons r r4 ,! que/ions 7 propos$ close to ! op5 m\? ( "o ( ^! trumpets1 & ! reply 0 return$ f ! same orifice4 ,! means us$ 9 ! deception 7 z foll[s3 a pipe or tube 0 atta*$ to "o ( ! holl[ pill>s1 & c>ri$ into ano!r ap>tm5t1 9 :i* a female 0 plac$2 & ?is tube hav+ be5 c>ri$ up ! leg or pill> ( ! in/rum5t to ! cross-rails1 _h ap]tures exactly opposite two ( ! trumpet m\?s2 s t :at 0 spok5 0 imm$iately answ]$ ?r\gh a v simple mode ( communication4 ,,! ,,magic ,,( ,,ac\/ics4 ,! sci5ce ( ,ac\/ics furni%$ ! anci5t sorc]]s ) "s ( _! be/ deceptions4 ,! imitation ( ?und] 9 _! subt]ranean temples c\ld n fail to indicate ! pres5ce ( a sup]natural ag5t4 ,! gold5 virg9s ^: ravi%+ voices res\nd$ ?r\gh ! temple ( ,delphos1--! /one f ! riv] ,pactolus1 ^: trumpet notes sc>$ ! robb] f ! treasure :i* x gu>d$1--! speak+ head :i* utt]$ its oracul> responses at ,lesbos1--& ! vocal /atue ( ,memnon1 :i* began at ! break ( day to acco/ ! ris+ sun1--7 all deceptions d]iv$ f sci5ce1 & f a dilig5t obs]vation ( ! ph5om5a ( nature4 ,,to ,,%[ ,,h[ ,,s\nd ,,travels ,,?r\gh ,a ,,solid4 ,take a long piece ( wood1 su* z ! h&le ( a hair broom1 & plac+ a wat* at "o end1 apply y\r e> to ! o!r1 & ! tick+s w be di/9ctly he>d4 ,,to ,,%[ ,,t ,,s\nd ,,dep5ds ,,on ,,vibration4 ,t\* a bell :5 x is s\nd+1 & ! noise ceases2 ! same may be done to a musical /r+ ) ! same results4 ,hold a musical pit*=k to ! lips1 :5 x is made to s\nd1 & a quiv]+ motion w be felt f its vibrations4 ,^! exp]im5ts %[ t s\nd is produc$ by ! quick motions & vibrations ( diff]5t bodies4 ,,footnotes3 ,footnote #i3 ,d is a good note = x4 ,! upp] /r+ may be tun$ to ! upp] ,d1 & ! two l[] to ! l[] ,d1 & ,d ,d4 ,! h>monics1 are ! s\nds produc$4 ,,! ,,magic ,,( ,,numb]s ,,or1 ,,curi\s ,,problems ,,9 ,,ari?metic4 ,illu/ration ,z ! pr9cipal object ( ?is volume is to enable ! "y read] to le>n some?+ 9 8 sports1 & to und]/& :at he is do+1 we %all1 be=e proce$+ to ! curi\s tricks & feats connect$ ) ! sci5ce ( numb]s1 pres5t him ) "s ari?metical aphorisms1 ^u :i* mo/ ( ! foll[+ examples are f\nd$4 ,,aphorisms ,,( ,,numb]4 #a4 ,if two ev5 numb]s be add$ toge!r1 or subtract$ f ea* o!r1 _! sum or diff]5ce w be an ev5 numb]4 #b4 ,if two unev5 numb]s be add$ or subtract$1 _! sum or diff]5ce w be an ev5 numb]4 #c4 ,! sum or diff]5ce ( an ev5 & an unev5 numb] add$ or subtract$1 w be an unev5 numb]4 #d4 ,! product ( two ev5 numb]s w be an ev5 numb]1 & ! product ( two unev5 numb]s w be an unev5 numb]4 #e4 ,! product ( an ev5 & unev5 numb] w be an ev5 numb]4 #f4 ,if two diff]5t numb]s be divisible by any "o numb]1 _! sum & _! diff]5ce w also be divisible by t numb]4 #g4 ,if sev]al diff]5t numb]s1 divid$ by #c1 be add$ or multipli$ toge!r1 _! sum & _! product w also be divisible by #c4 #h4 ,if two numb]s1 divisible by #i1 be add$ toge!r1 ! sum ( ! figures 9 ! am\nt w be ei!r #i1 or a numb] divisible by #i4 #i4 ,if any numb] be multipli$ by #i1 or by any o!r numb] divisible by #i1 ! am\nt ( ! figures ( ! product w be ei!r #i1 or a numb] divisible by #i4 #aj4 ,9 e ari?metical progression1 if ! fir/ & la/ t]m be ea* multipli$ by ! numb] ( t]ms1 & ! sum ( ! two products be divid$ by #b1 ! quoti5t w be ! sum ( ! s]ies4 #aa4 ,9 e geometric progression1 if any two t]ms be multipli$ toge!r1 _! product w be equal to t t]m1 :i* answ]s to ! sum ( ^! two indices4 ,?us1 9 ! s]ies-- #a #b #c #d #e #b #d #h #af #cb ,if ! ?ird & f\r? t]ms #h & #af be multipli$ toge!r1 ! product #abh w be ! sev5? t]m ( ! s]ies4 ,9 l mann]1 if ! fif? t]m be multipli$ into itself1 ! product w be ! t5? t]m1 & if t sum be multipli$ into itself1 ! product w be ! tw5tie? t]m4 ,!re=e1 to f9d ! la/1 or any o!r t]m ( a geometric s]ies1 x is n necess>y to cont9ue ! s]ies beyond a few ( ! fir/ t]ms4 ,previ\s to ! num]ical recreations1 we %all "h describe c]ta9 me*anical me?ods ( p]=m+ ari?metical calculations1 su* z are n only 9 !mselves ent]ta9+1 b w be f\nd m or less useful to ! "y read]4 ,,palpable ,,ari?metic4 ,! bl9d ma!matician1 ,dr4 ,saund]son1 adopt$ a v +5i\s device = p]=m+ ari?metical op]ations by ! s5se ( t\*4 ,small cubes ( wood 7 provid$1 & 9 "o face ( ea*1 n9e holes 7 pi]c$1 ?us3 #a #b #c o o o #d #e #f o o o #g #h #i o o o ,^! holes repres5t$ ! n9e digits1 z 9 ! figure1 & to d5ote any figure1 a small peg 0 ins]t$ into ! hole correspond+ to x4 ,if ! numb] consi/$ ( sev]al figures1 m cubes 7 us$1 "o = ea*4 ,a ciph] 0 repres5t$ by a peg ( diff]5t %ape f t ( ! o!rs1 & ins]t$ 9 ! c5tral hole4 ,to p]=m any ari?metical process1 a squ>e bo>d 0 provid$1 divid$ by ridges into recesses ( ! same wid? z ! cubes1 & by ?is ! cubes 7 reta9$ 9 ! requir$ horizontal & p]p5dicul> l9es4 ,suppose x 0 necess>y to add toge!r ! numb]s #gfc1 #abd1 #hei1 ! cubes & pegs w\ld be arrang$ ?us3 o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o ,,! ,,abacus4 ,?is in/rum5t is us$ = tea*+ num]ation1 & ! fir/ pr9ciples ( ari?metic4 ,illu/ration ,^u a frame are plac$ wires1 p>allel to "o ano!r1 & at equal di/ances4 ,t5 small balls are /rung ^u ea* wire1 be+ plac$ z 9 ! m>g94 ,! "r wire d5otes units1 ! next t5s1 & s on1 ! #g? wire be+ ! place ( millions4 ,9 us+ ! abacus1 all ! balls are fir/ rang$ at "o end1 & a numb] ( !m are !n mov$ to ! o!r end ( ea* wire1 to correspond to ! figures requir$4 ,! example giv5 9 ! m>g9 is #ae1gha1 ! height ( ,m\nt ,blanc4 ,,napi]',s ,,rods4 ,! object ( ?is contrivance is to r5d] ari?metical multiplication m easy1 & to secure its correctness2 x 0 mu* us$ by a/ronom]s be=e ! inv5tion ( log>i?ms4 ,to appreciate ! m]its ( ?is inv5tion1 we mu/ consid] ! process ( multiplication z usually p]=m$4 ,suppose we _h to multiply #h1fgi by #h3 #h1fgi #h ------ #fi1dcb ,we fir/ multiply #i by #h #gb1 & putt+ d[n #b z ! fir/ figure 9 ! product1 c>ry ! #g to add to ! next product ( #g by #h #ef2 ?is gives u #fc1 ! #c be+ put d[n z ! second figure2 #f is c>ri$ to add to ! product ( #f by #h1 & s on4 ,a blund] may be made 9 ea* "p ( ?is process2 = #a/1 we might reckon #h times #i z "s o!r numb] ?an #gb2 #b;d1 aft] multiply+ ! #g by ! #h1 we might add to ! result+ #ef "s o!r figure ?an ! #g1 :i* we c>ri$2 #c;d1 we may add #ef to #g inaccurately1 mak+ "s o!r sum ( x ?an ! "r "o1 #fc4 ,errors 9 a long multiplication problem are usually made 9 "o ( ^! ?ree ways1 & to prev5t su* errors1 ,"l ,napi]#aj introduc$ ?is useful contrivance4 ,?9 /rips ( c>d1 wood1 or bone1 #i times z long z !y are broad1 are ea* divid$ into #i equal squ>es1 a figure is pr9t$ or writt5 on ! top squ>e1 & 9 ea* ( ! squ>es und]nea? is ! product ( multiply+ t figure by #b1 #c1 #d1 c41 up to #i4 ,illu/ration3 ------------------------- #a #h #f #g #i ------------------------- #b #a_/f #a_/b #a_/d #a_/h ------------------------- #c #b_/d #a_/h #b_/a #b_/g ------------------------- #d #c_/b #b_/d #b_/h #c_/f ------------------------- #e #d_/j #c_/j #c_/e #d_/e ------------------------- #f #d_/h #c_/f #d_/b #e_/d ------------------------- #g #e_/f #d_/b #d_/i #f_/c ------------------------- #h #f_/d #d_/h #e_/f #g_/b ------------------------- #i #g_/b #e_/d #f_/c #h_/a ------------------------- ,to use ^! 9 multiplication1 select ! /rips1 ! top figures ( :i* make ! numb] to be multipli$4 ,= example3 ,to multiply #h1fgi by #h1 look at ! eigh? l9e ( squ>es f ! top1 & on t l9e w be f\nd ! product ( ea* ( ! integ]s #h1 #f1 #g1 #i1 :5 multipli$ by #h4 ,we h !n to write d[n ! #b z ! fir/ figure ( ! product1 add #g & #f toge!r #ac2 write #c z ! next figure1 c>ry #a to add to ! sum ( #h & #e1 & s on4 ,! reason = divid+ ! figures 9 ea* squ>e by a diagonal l9e1 & = plac+ ! left-h& figure high] ?an ! "r is1 t ! eye may be ?us assi/$ 9 add+ ! c>ri$ figure ( "o slip to ! unit ( ! next4 ,to provide = ! occurr5ce ( m ?an "o ( ! same figures 9 ! multiplic&1 !re %\ld be sev]al slips or rods = ea* ( ! digits4 ,9 practice ! rods are plac$ on a flat piece ( wood1 ) two ridges at "r angles1 by :i* !y are pres]v$ 9 a prop] position4 ,?is in/rum5t c be made useful 9 divisions1 by mak+ by means ( x a table ( ! product ( ! divisor1 multipli$ by ea* ( ! numb]s #a to #i4 ,,! ,,ari?metical ,,boom]ang4 ,! boom]ang is an in/rum5t ( peculi> =m1 us$ by ! natives ( ,new ,s\? ,wales1 = ! purpose ( kill+ wild f[l & o!r small animals4 ,if project$ =w>ds1 x at fir/ proce$s 9 a /raight l9e1 b aft]w>ds rises 9 ! air1 & aft] p]=m+ sundry peculi> gyrations1 returns 9 ! direction ( ! place :]e x 0 ?r[n4 ,! t]m is appli$ to ^? ari?metical processes by :i* y c div9e a numb] ?\ght ( by ano!r4 ,y ?r[ =w>ds ! numb] by means ( addition & multiplication1 & !n1 by means ( subtraction & division1 y br+ x back to ! orig9al />t+ po9t1 mak+ x proce$ 9 a track s circuit\s z to evade ! sup]ficial notice ( ! tyro4 ,,to ,,f9d ,a ,,numb] ,,?\ght ,,(4 ,fir/ ,me?od4 ,?is is an ari?metical trick :i*1 to ^? :o are unacqua9t$ ) x1 seems v surpris+2 b1 :5 expla9$1 x is v simple4 ,= in/ance1 ask a p]son to ?9k ( any numb] "u #aj4 ,:5 he says he has done s1 desire him to treble t numb]4 ,!n ask him :e!r ! sum ( ! numb] he has ?\ght ( 7n[ multipli$ by #c7 be odd or ev52 if odd1 tell him to add #a to make ! sum ev54 ,he is next to halve ! sum1 & !n treble t half4 ,aga9 ask :e!r ! am\nt be odd or ev54 ,if odd1 add #a 7z be=e7 to make x ev51 & !n halve x4 ,n[ ask h[ _m n9es are conta9$ 9 ! rema9d]4 ,! secret is1 to be> 9 m9d :e!r ! fir/ sum be odd or ev52 if odd1 reta9 #a 9 ! memory2 if odd a second "t1 reta9 #b m 7mak+ 9 all #c to be reta9$ 9 ! memory27 to :i* add #d = e n9e conta9$ 9 ! rema9d]4 ,= example1 ,no4 #g is odd ! fir/ & also ! second "t2 & ! rema9d] 7#ag7 conta9s "o n9e2 s t #a1 add$ to #b1 make #c1 & #c1 add$ to #d1 make #g1 ! numb] ?\ght (4 ,no4 #a is odd ! fir/ "t 7reta9 #a71 & ev5 ! second 7( :i* no notice is tak571 b ! rema9d] is n equal to n9e4 ,no4 #b is ev5 ! fir/ & odd ! second "t 7reta9 #b71 b ! rema9d] conta9s no n9e4 ,no4 #c is odd ! fir/ & ! second "t1 /ill !re is no n9e 9 ! rema9d]4 ,no4 #d is ev5 bo? times1 & conta9s "o n9e4 ,no4 #e is odd ! fir/ "t & ! rema9d] conta9s "o n9e4 ,no4 #f is odd ! second "t1 & conta9s "o n9e 9 ! rema9d]4 ,no4 #h is ev5 bo? times1 & ! rema9d] conta9s two n9es4 ,no notice ne$ be tak5 ( any ov]plus ( a rema9d]1 aft] be+ divid$ by n9e4 ,! foll[+ are illu/rations ( ! result ) ea* numb]3 #a #b #c #d #e #f #g #h #i #c #c #c #c #c #c #c #c #c -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- #c #b7f #i #b7ab #ae #b7ah #ba #b7bd #bg ,add #a -- ,add #a -- ,add #a -- ,add #a -- ,add #a -- #c -- #f -- #i -- #ab -- #b7d #c #b7aj #c #b7af #c #b7bb #c #b7bh -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- #b #i #e #b7ah #h #bg #aa #b7cf #ad #c ,add #a #c -- #c ,add #a #c -- #c -- -- -- #i7i -- -- -- #i7ah -- #b7f #b7aj #ae -- #b7bd #b7bh #cc -- #b7db -- -- ,add #a #a -- -- ,add #a #b -- #c #e -- #i7ab #i7ad -- #i7ba #b7af -- -- #b7cd -- -- #a #a -- #b #h #i7ag -- #a ,second ,me?od4 ,,example4 ,let a p]son ?9k ( a numb]1 say #f #a4 ,let him multiply x by #c #ah #b4 ,add #a #ai #c4 ,multiply by #c #eg #d4 ,add to ?is ! numb] ?\ght ( #fc ,let him in=m y :at is ! numb] produc$2 x w always end ) #c4 ,/rike (f ! #c1 & in=m him t he ?\ght ( #f4 ,?ird ,me?od4 ,,example4 ,suppose ! numb] ?\ght ( to be #f #a4 ,let him d\ble x #ab #b4 ,add #d #af #c4 ,multiply by #f #hj #d4 ,add #ab #ib #e4 ,multiply by #aj #ibj ,let him in=m y :at is ! numb] produc$4 ,y mu/ 9 e case subtract #cbj2 ! rema9d] is1 9 ?is example1 #fjj2 /rike (f ! two ciph]s1 & ann\nce #f z ! numb] ?\ght (4 ,f\r? ,me?od4 ,desire a p]son to ?9k ( a numb]1 say #f4 ,he mu/ !n proce$-- ,,example4 #a4 ,to multiply ?is numb] by itself #cf #b4 ,s take #a f ! numb] ?\ght ( #e #c4 ,to multiply ?is by itself #be #d4 ,to tell y ! diff]5ce betwe5 ?is product & ! =m] #aa ,y mu/ !n add #a to x #ab ,& halve ?is numb] #f ,:i* w be ! numb] ?\ght (4 ,fif? ,me?od4 ,desire a p]son to ?9k ( a numb]1 say #f4 ,he mu/ !n proce$ z foll[s3 ,,example4 #a4 ,add #a to x #g #b4 ,multiply by #c #ba #c4 ,add #a aga9 #bb #d4 ,add ! numb] ?\ght ( #bh ,let him tell y ! figures produc$ 7#bh73 #e4 ,y !n subtract #d f x #bd #f4 ,& divide by #d #f ,:i* y c say is ! numb] ?\ght (4 ,six? ,me?od4 ,,example4 ,suppose ! numb] ?\ght ( #f #a4 ,let him d\ble x #ab #b4 ,desire him to add to ?is any numb] y tell him1 say #d #af #c4 ,to halve x #h ,y c !n tell him t if he w subtract f ?is ! numb] he ?\ght (1 ! rema9d] w be1 9 ! case suppos$1 #b4 ,note4--,! rema9d] is always half ( ! numb] y tell him to add4 ,,to ,,discov] ,,two ,,or ,,m ,,numb]s ,,t ,a ,,p]son ,,has ,,?\ght ,,(4 #a/ ,case4--,:]e ea* ( ! numb]s is less ?an #aj4 ,suppose ! numb]s ?\ght ( 7 #b1 #c1 #e4 ,,example4 #a4 ,desire him to d\ble ! fir/ numb] mak+ #d #b4 ,to add #a to x #e #c4 ,to multiply by #e #be #d4 ,to add ! second numb] #bh ,!re be+ a ?ird numb]1 repeat ?is process-- #e4 ,to d\ble x #ef #f4 ,to add #a to x #eg #g4 ,to multiply by #e #bhe #h4 ,to add ! ?ird numb] #bij ,& to proce$ 9 ! same mann] = z _m numb]s z 7 ?\ght (4 ,let him tell y ! la/ sum produc$ 79 ?is case #bij74 ,!n1 if !re 7 two numb]s ?\ght (1 y mu/ subtract #e2 if ?ree1 #ee2 if f\r1 #eee4 ,y mu/ "h subtract #ee1 leav+ a rema9d] ( #bce1 :i* are ! numb]s ?\ght (1 #b1 #c & #e4 #b;d ,case4--,:]e "o or m ( ! numb]s are #aj1 or m ?an #aj1 & :]e !re is an odd numb] ( numb]s ?\ght (4 ,suppose he fixes ^u five numb]s1 viz4 #d1 #f1 #i1 #ae1 #af4 ,he mu/ add toge!r ! numb]s z foll[s1 & tell y ! v>i\s sums3 #a4 ,! sum ( ! #a/ & #b;d #aj #b4 ,! sum ( ! #b;d & #c;d #ae #c4 ,! sum ( ! #c;d & #d? #bd #d4 ,! sum ( ! #d? & #e? #ca #e4 ,! sum ( ! #a/ & la/ #bj ,y mu/ !n add toge!r ! #a/1 #c;d & #e? sums1 viz4 #aj #bd #bj #ed1 & ! #b;d & #d?1 #ae #ca #df2 take "o f ! o!r1 leav+ #h4 ,! half ( ?is is ! #a/ numb]1 #d2 if y take ?is f ! sum ( ! #a/ & #b;d y w h ! #b;d numb]1 #f2 ?is tak5 f ! sum ( ! #b;d & #c;d w give y ! #c;d1 #i2 & s on = ! o!r numb]s4 #c;d ,case4--,:]e "o or m ( ! numb]s are #aj1 or m ?an #aj1 & :]e an ev5 numb] ( numb]s has be5 ?\ght (4 ,suppose he fixes on six numb]s1 viz4 #b1 #f1 #g1 #ae1 #af1 #ah4 ,he mu/ add toge!r ! numb]s z foll[s1 & tell y ! sum 9 ea* case3-- #a4 ,! sum ( ! #a/ & #b;d #h #b4 ,! sum ( ! #b;d & #c;d #ac #c4 ,! sum ( ! #c;d & #d? #bb #d4 ,! sum ( ! #d? & #e? #ca #e4 ,! sum ( ! #e? & #f? #cd #f4 ,! sum ( ! #b;d & la/ #bd ,y mu/ !n add toge!r ! #b;d1 #d? & #f? sums1 #ac #ca #bd #fh1 & ! #c;d & #e? sums1 #bb #cd #ef4 ,subtract "o f ! o!r1 leav+ #ab2 ! #b;d numb] w be #f1 ! half ( ?is2 take ! #b;d f ! sum ( ! #a/ & #b;d y w get ! #a/2 take ! #bnd f ! sum ( ! #b;d & #c;d1 & y w h ! #c;d1 & s on4 ,,h[ ,,_m ,,c\nt]s ,,h ,i ,,9 ,,my ,,h&s8 ,a p]son hav+ an equal numb] ( c\nt]s 9 ea* h&1 x is requir$ to f9d h[ _m he has altoge!r4 ,suppose he has #af c\nt]s1 or #h 9 ea* h&4 ,desire him to transf] f "o h& to ! o!r a c]ta9 numb] ( !m1 & to tell y ! numb] s transf]r$4 ,suppose x be #d1 ! h&s n[ conta9 #d & #ab4 ,ask him h[ _m times ! small] numb] is conta9$ 9 ! l>g]2 9 ?is case x is #c times4 ,y mu/ !n multiply ! numb] transf]r$1 #d1 by ! #c1 mak+ #ab1 & add ! #d1 mak+ #af2 !n divide #af by ! #c m9us #a2 ?is w br+ #h1 ! numb] 9 ea* h&4 ,9 mo/ cases fractions w occur 9 ! process3 :5 #aj c\nt]s are 9 ea* h&1 & if #d be transf]r$1 ! h&s w conta9 #f & #ad4 ,he w divide #ad by #f & in=m y t ! quoti5t is #b #c_/f or #b4 ,y multiply #d by #b1 :i* is #i4 ,add #d to ?is1 mak+ #ac1 equal to #dj_/c4 ,subtract #a f #b1 leav+ #a or #d_/c4 ,divide #dj_/c by #d_/c giv+ #aj1 ! numb] 9 ea* h&4 ,,! ,,my/]i\s ,,halv+s4 ,to tell ! numb] a p]son has ?\ght (4 ,"o ( ! company mu/ fix ^u any "o ( ! numb]s f #a to #ae2 ?is he keeps secret1 z well z ! numb]s produc$ by ! succe$+ op]ations3 ,suppose he fixes on #h ,he mu/ add #a to x1 mak+ #i ,triple x #bg ,halve x#aa--a/ halv+--7l>g] half7 #ad ,triple x #db ,halve x--#b;d halv+ #ba ,triple x #fc ,halve x--#c;d halv+--7l>g] half7 #cb ,triple x #if ,halve x--#d? halv+4 #dh ,he ne$ n in=m y t #dh is ! figure produc$1 b he mu/ let y "k 9 :i* ( ! f\r halv+s he 0 oblig$ to take a l>g] half2 hav+ asc]ta9$ ?is po9t1 y discov] ! numb] fix$ ^u 9 ! foll[+ mann]4 ,c>ry 9 y\r m9d1 or on a slip ( pap]1 ! foll[+ li/ ( names 9 :i* ! lett] a occurs 9 "o or m ( ! ?ree syllables ( all except ! la/4 ,! ?ree syllables are int5d$ to repres5t ! #a/1 #b;d1 & #c;d halv+s1 & ! occurr5ce ( ! lett] ,a corresponds to ! occurr5ce ( a l>g] half 9 "o or m ( ^! ?ree halv+s4 ,hav+ be5 in=m$ :]e ! l>g] half 0 tak51 ref] to ! ^w :i* has ,a 9 ! correspond+ syllable1 & aga9/ x /& two numb]s1 "o ( :i* 0 ! numb] ?\ght (2 & ( ^! two1 ! "r h& numb] is ! correct "o if a l>g] half 0 tak5 9 ! #d? /age1 & ! left h& "o if !1 #d? halv+ 0 exact4 ,9 ! example giv51 a l>g] half occurr$ 9 ! #a/ & #c;d /age2 ?is po9ts u to ,c>-ro-way1 & ! halv+ 9 ! #d? /age be+ exact1 %[s u t #h 0 ! numb] fix$ ^u4 ,if ! #d? halv+ ,if a l>g] half occurs is exact4 9 ! #d? halv+4 ,w,ash-+-ton #d #ab ,,la-f,ay-ette #b #aj ,c,ar-r[-w,ay #h #j ,m,an-h,at-t,an #f #ad ,g]-m,a-ny #ac #e ,tel-e-gr,aph #c #aa ,bo-n,a-p,arte #a #i ,long-fel-l[ #ae #g ,x w be obs]v$ t !re is always a diff]5ce ( #h betwe5 ! numb]s ( ! columns1 s t x is necess>y to recollect only "o ( !m4 ,p]haps "s ( our read]s :o wi% to be adepts 9 ?is game1 w\ld pref] recollect+ ! above table if put 9 ?is =m3 #b-c #a-b #c #a-b-c #a-c #b none -------------------------------- #a #b #c #d #h #ac #ae :]e ! upp] l9e d5otes ! cases 9 :i* ! l>g] half 0 tak51 & ! l[] l9e ! numb]s ( ! left h& column above giv54 ,ano!r ,me?od4 ,! p]son hav+ *os5 any numb] f "o to fifte51 he is to add tw5ty-"o to t numb]1 & triple ! am\nt4 ,!n1 #a/4 ,he is to take half ( t triple1 & triple t half4 #bnd4 ,to take ! half ( ! la/ triple1 & triple t half4 #crd4 ,to take ! half ( ! la/ triple4 #d?4 ,to take ! half ( ! la/ half4 ,9 ?is op]ation !re are f\r di/9ct cases or /ages :]e ! half is to be tak54 ,! ?ree fir/ are d5ot$ by "o ( ! eight foll[+ ,lat9 words1 ea* ^w be+ compos$ ( ?ree syllables1 & ! syllables conta9+ ! lett] i correspond+ 9 num]ical ord] ) ! cases :]e ! half _c be tak5 )\t a fraction2 consequ5tly1 9 ^? cases ! p]son :o makes ! d$uction is to add "o to ! numb] to be divid$4 ,! f\r? case %[s :i* ( ! two numb]s correspond+ to ea* ^w has be5 *os54 ,= if ! f\r? half c be tak5 )\t add+ "o1 ! numb] *os5 is 9 ! fir/1 or left-h& column2 b if n1 x is 9 ! second column to ! "r4 ,! words4 ,! numb]s d5ot$4 ,mi-s]-is #h #j ,ob-t9-git #a #i ,ni-mi-um #b #aj ,no-t>-i #c #aa ,9-f]-nos #d #ab ,or-di-nes #ac #e ,ti-mi-di #f #ad ,te-ne-ant #ae #g ,example4--,suppose ! numb] *os5 to be n9e1 to :i* is to be add$ "o1 mak+ t51 & :i* la/1 be+ tripl$1 gives ?irty4 ,!n3 #a/ case4 ,! half ( ! triple is #ae :i* tripl$1 makes #de #bnd case4 ,! half ( t triple1 #a be+ add$ to make an ev5 numb]1 is #bc & t tripl$1 makes #fi #crd case4 ,! half ( ! la/ triple1 #a be+ add$1 is #ce #d? case4 ,! half ( ! la/ half1 #a be+ aga9 add$1 is #ah ,"h we see1 t 9 ! second & ?ird case1 "o _h to be add$1 &1 look+ at ! table1 we f9d t ! only correspond+ ^w hav+ an i 9 its second & ?ird syllables is ,ob-t9-git1 :i* repres5ts ! figures "o & n9e4 ,!n1 z "o _h to be add$ 9 ! f\r? case1 we "k by ! rule1 t ! figure 9 ! second column1 #i1 is ! "o requir$4 ,obs]ve1 t if no addition be requir$ at any ( ! f\r /ages1 ! numb] ?\ght ( w be fifte52 & if "o addition only be requir$ at ! f\r? /age1 ! numb] w be sev54 ,,:o ,,we>s ,,! ,,r+8 ,?is is an elegant application ( ! pr9ciples involv$ 9 discov]+ a numb] fix$ ^u4 ,! numb] ( p]sons p>ticipat+ 9 ! game %\ld n exce$ n9e4 ,"o ( !m puts a r+ on "o ( 8 f+]s1 & x is y\r object to discov]--#a/4 ,! we>] ( ! r+4 #b;d4 ,! h&4 #c;d4 ,! f+]4 #d?4 ,! jo9t4 ,! company be+ seat$ 9 ord] ! p]sons mu/ be numb]$ #a1 #b1 #c1 c42 ! ?umb mu/ be t]m$ ! fir/ f+]1 ! =e f+] be+ ! second2 ! jo9t ne>e/ ! extremity mu/ be call$ ! fir/ jo9t2 ! "r h& is "o1 & ! left h& two4 ,^! prelim9>ies hav+ be5 arrang$1 leave ! room 9 ord] t ! r+ may be plac$ unobs]v$ by y4 ,we w suppose t ! ?ird p]son has ! r+ on ! "r h&1 ?ird f+]1 & fir/ jo9t2 y\r object is to discov] ! figures #caca4 ,desire "o ( ! company to p]=m secretly ! foll[+ ari?metical op]ations3 #a4 ,d\ble ! numb] ( ! p]son :o has ! r+2 9 ! case suppos$1 ?is w produce #f #b4 ,add #e #aa #c4 ,multiply by #e #ee #d4 ,add #aj #fe #e4 ,add ! numb] d5ot+ ! h& #ff #f4 ,multiply by #aj #ffj #g4 ,add ! numb] ( ! f+] #ffc #h4 ,multiply by #aj #ffcj #i4 ,add ! numb] ( ! jo9t #ffca #aj4 ,add #ce #ffff ,he mu/ apprise y ( ! figures n[ produc$1 #ffff2 y w !n 9 all cases subtract f x #cece2 9 ! pres5t in/ance !re w rema9 #caca1 d5ot+ ! p]son ,no4 #c1 ! h& ,no4 #a1 ! f+] ,no4 #c1 & ! jo9t ,no4 #a4 ,,probabilities4#ab ,:5 we look ar\nd u at results happ5+ daily1 ( ! causes ( :i* we are ignorant1 we are l$ to reg>d !m z isolat$ incid5ts subject to no law or rule2 b c\ld we see & und]/& ! secret work+s & connection exi/+ betwe5 cause & effect1 we might frequ5tly discov] t all works by rule4 ,z x is1 we may readily m>k ! b\nd>ies1 )9 :i* ev5ts mu/ happ5 9 v _m in/ances2 & d mu* to e/imate _! probability4 ,we speak ( ,*ance1 z some?+ )\t plan or design1 b tak+ 9 a l>ge range1 our calculations w approximate closely to ! tru?4 ,:5 we ?r[ a copp] into ! air1 ! *ances ( heads or tails1 z ! boys say1 are equal1 & ?\gh "o or ! o!r may occur mo/ frequ5tly = a few ?r[s1 9 a l>ge numb]1 say a ?\s&1 ! results w be ab\t equally divid$4 ,9 ?is case ! sides ( ! co9 mu/ be equal 9 weight1 else x w be l ! grumbl]'s bread & butt]3 ,i nev] _h a piece ( bread1 ,p>ticul>ly good & wide1 ,b fell ^u ! s&$ floor1 ,& always on ! butt]$ side4 ,_h he put on less butt]1 p]haps ! sides w\ld h be5 m equal 9 weight1 & ! probability ( ! butt]$ side be+ upp]mo/ w\ld h be5 increas$4 ,di/urb+ causes unkn[n to u1 may (t5 %ape ! result2 b 9 ! abs5ce ( ^!1 we may pretty accurately e/imate our *ances4 ,we see accid5ts f fire & flood1 happ5+ at times & po9ts lea/ expect$2 b ! insur] has le>n$ by obs]vation to e/imate probabilities1 & by tak+ a wide range ( c\ntry & a p]iod ( ye>s1 he does a comp>atively safe bus9ess4 ,dea? takes ! "y & ! old2 b ! life insur] has conn$ ! bills ( mortality & /udi$ ! ages ( ^? :o h di$1 until he c e/imate at once ! probability ( duration ( life1 & det]m9e :at he c af=d to pay = an annuity cont+5t on life1 or engage = a pres5t sum1 or an annual sum paid = life1 to pay ! heirs at ! dea? ( ! insur$4 ,9 "o in/ance 8 e/imate may fall %ort1 & 9 ano!r exce$1 b ! av]age w be ab\t "r4 ,s1 too1 ! man :o deals 9 lott]ies & games ( *ance1 kn[s ! data & calculates c>efully ! probabilities1 & ?\gh luck may sometimes be aga9/ him1 8 e/imates ( probabilities are bas$ on ma!matical pr9ciples1 & he is secure 9 be+ ultimately ! ga9+ p>ty4 ,h[ ^! *ances are calculat$1 dep5ds on ! data 9 ea* case1 & x is n )9 ! range ( our pres5t plan to attempt m ?an giv+ a g5]al idea ( ! subject2 & ?is ) any "o ( ord9>y prud5ce1 w be suffici5t to prev5t all int]m$dl+ ) lott]ies & e o!r species ( gambl+4 ,! probabilities are always aga9/ ! casual op]ator1 ev5 if all be conduct$ fairly2 :at !n mu/ !y be :5 fraud & di%one/y are sup]add$8 ,x is d[nright sw9dl+6 ,9 lott]y s*emes g5]ally1 fifte5 p] c5t4 is res]v$ z pr(it1 b ?is is a small "p ( :at may be secur$2 yet ev5 ?is am\nts to a great deal4 ,if a man 7 to draw a prize nom9ally ( #ajj1jjj1 fifte5 ?\s& w\ld be d$uct$ at once1 & he w\ld be entitl$ to only #he1jjj4 ,x is true t 9 8 good =tune he w\ld n probably reg>d ! abatem5t1 b t does n *ange ! pr9ciple4 ,,v>iations4 ,x is obvi\s t if we h a numb] ( s+le ?+s arrang$ 9 any ord]1 we may *ange ! arrangem5t into a v>iety ( =ms1 & 9 do+ s1 we may take all toge!r1 or we may take only "p at once4 ,= in/ance1 we may arrange ! six v[els1 a e1 i1 o1 u1 y1 9 a great numb] ( ways1 z a e i o u y1 a i e o u y1 e a i o u y1 c41 c42 or we may =m !m into gr\ps1 z ae1 io1 uy1 ai1 eu1 oy1 c42 or1 we may take ?ree1 f\r1 five1 or1 z above1 all at a "t2 & x is reasonable to suppose t ! numb] ( possible *anges may1 9 all cases1 be calculat$4 ,:5 all are tak5 toge!r1 ! op]ation is call$ ,p]mutation2 b if a "p only be tak51 x is call$ ei!r a ,v>iation or a ,comb9ation2 a e1 i o1 u y1 are di/9ct comb9ations1 & are also consid]$ "o ( ! v>iations ( two ( :i* ^? six lett]s are susceptible2 e a1 o i1 y u1 are ?ree o!r v>iations1 b !y are ! same comb9ations2 = a *ange ( ord] w con/itute a new v>iation b n a new comb9ation2 h5ce ! numb] ( v>iations w always exce$ ! numb] ( comb9ations4 ,! doctr9e ( v>iations & comb9ations =ms ! basis ( _m =ms ( lott]ies1 & ( o!r calculations us$ 9 practical life4 ,,comb9ations ,,& ,,p]mutations4 ,comb9ations are ! diff]5t ways 9 :i* a c]ta9 numb] ( ?+s c be select$ out ( a l>g] numb]1 :5 tak5 #a at a "t1 #b at a "t1 or any o!r numb] ea* "t1 b )\t reg>d to ! ord] 9 :i* ! select$ numb]s c be arrang$ among !mselves4 ,! latt] is ! prov9ce ( ,p]mutation1 :i* ref]s to ! diff]5t ways 9 :i* a numb] c be select$ out ( "o t is l>g]1 &1 9 addition to ?is1 to ! diff]5t ways ( gr\p+ ^! select$ numb]s4 ,?us #d ?+s c be tak5 #b at a "t 9 #f diff]5t ways2 = in/ance1 ! lett]s a1 b1 c1 d1 c be tak5 #b at a "t ?us1 a & b1 a & c1 a & d1 b & c1 b & d1 c & d2 if we reg>d ! ord] ( ! select$ lett]s we %all f9d t ^! #d lett]s are capable ( #ab diff]5t p]mutations1 z ab1 ba1 ac1 ca1 ad1 da1 bc1 cb1 bd1 db1 cd1 dc4 ,if we select$ #c lett]s at a "t we c\ld make #d diff]5t selections1 & #bd diff]5t *anges ( gr\p+4 ,! rule to compute ! numb] ( ^! diff]5t ways is v simple1 b sometimes involves a multitude ( figures4 ,to det]m9e ! numb] ( p]mutations1 comm5ce ) unity1 & multiply by ! successive t]ms ( ! natural s]ies #a1 #b1 #c1 c41 until ! highe/ multipli] %all express ! numb] ( individual ?+s4 ,! la/ product w indicate ! numb] ( possible *anges4 ,example #a4 ,h[ _m *anges c be made 9 ! arrangem5t ( #e gra9s ( corn1 all ( diff]5t colors1 laid 9 a r[8 ,solution4 #a #b #c #d #e #abj1 ,ans4 ,?is may seem improbable1 ! numb] be+ s great1 b if !re 7 b a s+le gra9 m1 ! possible *anges w\ld be #gbj2 & ano!r w\ld ext5d ! limit to #ejdj2 & s onw>d 9 a con/antly increas+ ratio4 ,! reason1 h[ev]1 w be obvi\s on a little scrut9y4 ,if !re 7 b "o ?+1 z a1 x w\ld admit ( b "o position2 b if two1 z a b1 x w\ld admit ( two positions1 ab1 ba4 ,if ?ree ?+s1 z a b c1 !n !y w admit ( #a #b #c #f *anges1 = ! la/ two w admit ( two v>iations1 z a b c1 a c b1 & ea* ( ! ?ree may successively be plac$ fir/1 & two *anges made to ea* ( ! o!rs1 s t #c #b #f1 ! numb] ( possible *anges4 ,9 ! same way we may %[ t if !re be f\r individual ?+s1 ea* "o w be fir/ 9 ea* ( ! six *anges :i* ! o!r ?ree w und]go1 & consequ5tly1 !re w be #bd *anges 9 all4 ,9 ?is way we might %[ t :5 !re are #e individual ?+s1 !re w be #e times z _m *anges z :5 !re 7 b #d2 & :5 #f1 !re w be #f times z _m *anges z :5 !re are only #e2 & s on ad inf9itum1 accord+ to ! same law4 ,example #b4 ,9 h[ _m ways may a family ( #aj p]sons seat !mselves diff]5tly at d9n]8 ,ans4 #c1fbh1hjj4 ,:5 we consid] t ?is w\ld require a p]iod ( #iice-ee_/dhg ye>s1 ! m9d is lo/ 9 a/oni%m5t4 ,! /ory ( ! man :o b\ght a horse at a f>?+ = ! fir/ nail 9 8 %oe1 a p5ny = ! second1 c41 is ?r[n into ! %ade2 & we incl9e to d\bt :e!r !re is n "s mi/ake2 & yet on j su* *ances z "o to all ^!1 d gambl]s con/antly risk _! money6 ,example #c4 ,i h writt5 ! lett]s conta9$ 9 ! ^w ,n ,i ,m ,r ,o ,d on #f c>ds2 be+ "o lett] on ea*1 & hav+ ?r[n !m confus$ly into a hat1 ,i am (f]$ #aj to draw ! c>ds successively1 s z to spell ! "n correctly4 ,:at is my *ance ( success wor?8 ,ans4 #a-g_/ah c5ts4 ,example #d4 ,9 ord] to =m a lott]y s*eme1 ,i h put into ! :eel z _m c>ds z ,i c put #d lett]s ( ! ^w ,*>le/on on1 )\t hav+ ! same lett]s 9 ! same ord] ^u any two c>ds4 ,i (f] #ajj to him :o draws ! c>d hav+ on x ! fir/ f\r lett]s ( ! said ^w 9 _! natural ord] 7,*>74 ,:at is ! *ance ( draw+ a prize wor?8 ,!re are #aj lett]s 9 ! ^w1 & ! comb9ation is ( ! #d? class2 &1 accord+ to ! mode ( det]m9+ comb9ations ) repetitions1 we f9d ! :ole numb] ( comb9ations ( ! #d? class :i* ! ^w admits ( is #baj4 ,!n he has "o *ance 9 #baj ( draw+ ! lett]s ,*>1 9 "s ord]4 ,! numb] ( p]mutations ( f\r individual ?+s is #a #b #c #d #bd1 & #baj #bd #ejdj 8 *ance ( draw+ !m 9 ! "r ord]1 & #ajj divid$ by #ejdj gives ,ans4 #a #eb_/fc c5ts4 ,suppose t ! numb]s f #a to #gh1 inclusive1 be plac$ ^u #gh c>ds1 & ! c>ds plac$ 9 a :eel by :i* !y are ?or\ghly mix$2 & !n #ac c>ds be successively drawn out1 by a p]son :o has no means ( *oos+1 & ! numb]s on !m regi/]$4 ,suppose also t tickets h be5 issu$1 conta9+ ea* ?ree ( ! #gh numb]s1 b no two hav+ all ! same numb]s1 & t he :o holds ! ticket hav+ on x ! fir/ ?ree drawn numb]s 9 _! regul> ord]1 %all be entitl$ to #ajj1jjj2 :at w\ld ! probability ( draw+ su* a ticket be wor?8 ,ans4 #ba #eahc_/eheh c5ts4 ,note4--,x is usual also1 to give small] prizes to ! hold]s ( tickets hav+ ! numb]s 9 any ord]1 or hav+ any two or "o ( ! drawn numb]s4 ,lott]ies may be arrang$ on a great div]sity ( plans1 & 9 ea* ! probability ( draw+ prizes w v>y4 ,a speaks ! tru? #c times 9 #d2 ,b #d times 9 #e1 & ,c #f times 9 #g4 ,:at is ! probability ( an ev5t :i* ,a & ,b ass]t1 & ,c d5ies8 ,ans4 #adj_/adc ,suppose a co9 be ?r[n up1 hav+ two faces2 :at is ! probability t ! obv]se 7heads7 side w fall upw>d1 & :at ! rev]se8 ,"h !re are only two possible cases1 & "o favors ea* ( ! cont+5cies ! probability ( ea* w be #a_/7a #a7 #a_/b2 !re be+ no reason :y "o side %\ld fall upp]mo/ r ?an ! o!r4 ,:at w\ld be ! probability ( ei!r side pres5t+ upw>ds twice 9 two ?r[s8 ,"h we h #d possible cases1 viz43 ,obv]se & rev]se2 ,obv]se bo? times2 ,rev]se & obv]se2 ,rev]se bo? times4 ,( ! #d possibilities !re is only "o :i* favors ! turn+ up ( ! obv]se twice 9 succession1 & ! same is true ( ! rev]se1 h5ce ! probability ( ei!r is only #a_/d4 ,9 l mann] we might %[ t ! probability ( ! obv]se pres5t+ upw>ds ?ree times 9 succession w be #a_/h1 or #a_/b #a_/b #a_/b2 ! g5]al pr9ciple be+ to multiply successively toge!r ! indep5d5t probabilities ( an ev5t = ! fraction express+ ! *ance ( all ! ev5ts happ5+4 ,,! ,,visitors ,,to ,,! ,,cry/al ,,palace4 ,9 a family consi/+ ( #h "y p1 x 0 agre$ t #c at a "t %\ld visit ! ,cry/al ,palace1 & t ! visit %\ld be repeat$ ea* day z long z a diff]5t trio c\ld be select$4 ,9 h[ _m days 7 ! possible comb9ations ( #c out ( #h complet$8 ,we mu/ multiply #h #g #f1 & also #c #b #a1 & divide ! product ( ! =m]1 #ccf1 by ! product ( ! latt]1 #f2 ! result is #ef1 ! numb] ( visits1 a diff]5t ?ree go+ ea* "t4 ,s mu* gratifi$ 7 !y ) ! results ( _! agreem5t1 t !y wi%$ to be all[$ ano!r s]ies ( visits1 to be cont9u$ z _m days z !y c\ld gr\p #c toge!r 9 diff]5t ord] :5 />t+4 ,if ,pat]familias _h grant$ su* p]mission he w\ld h _h to wait #ef multipli$ by #c #b #a1 or #ccf days1 be=e ?is new s]ies ( visits w\ld h come to a f9is4 ,,h[ ,,_m ,,*anges ,,c ,,be ,,giv5 ,,to #g ,,notes ,,( ,a ,,piano8 ,t is to say1 9 h[ _m ways c #g keys be /ruck 9 succession1 s t !re %all be "s diff]5ce 9 ! ord] ( ! notes ea* "t8 ,! result ( multiply+ #g #f #e #d #c #b #a is #e1jdj1 ! numb] ( *anges4 ,,! ,,ari?metical ,,triangle4 ,?is "n has be5 giv5 to a contrivance said to h orig9at$ ) ! fam\s ,pascal1 or to h be5 p]fect$ by him4 #a #b #a #c #c #a #d #f #d #a #e #aj #aj #e #a #f #ae #bj #ae #f #a #g #ba #ce #ce #ba #g #a #h #bh #ef #gj #ef #bh #h #a c4 c4 ,?is peculi> s]ies ( numb]s is ?us =m$3 ,write d[n ! numb]s #a1 #b1 #c1 c41 z f> z y please1 9 a v]tical r[4 ,on ! "r h& ( #b place #a1 add !m toge!r1 & place #c "u ! #a2 !n #c add$ to #c #f1 :i* place "u ! #c2 #d & #f are #aj1 :i* place "u ! #f1 & s on z f> z y wi%4 ,?is is ! second v]tical r[1 & ! ?ird is =m$ f ! second 9 a simil> way4 ,?is triangle has ! prop]ty ( in=m+ u1 )\t ! tr\ble ( calculation1 h[ _m comb9ations c be made1 tak+ any numb] at a "t out ( a l>g] numb]4 ,suppose ! "q 7 t j giv52 h[ _m selections c be made ( #c at a "t out ( #h8 ,on ! horizontal r[ comm5c+ ) #h1 look = ! ?ird numb]2 ?is is #ef1 :i* is ! answ]4 ,,h[ ,,_m ,,diff]5t ,,deals ,,c ,,be ,,made ,,) #ac ,,c>ds ,,out ,,( #eb8 ,to discov] ?is we mu/ make a cont9u$ multiplication ( #eb #ea #ej #di #dh #dg #df #de #dd #dc #db #da #dj1 be+ #ac t]ms = ! #ac c>ds1 also a cont9u$ multiplication ( #ac #ab #aa #aj #i #h #g #f #e #d #c #b #a1 & hav+ f\nd ! two products1 we mu/ divide "o by ! o!r1 & ! quoti5t is ! numb] ( diff]5t deals out ( #eb c>ds4 ,?is sum1 t looks s =midable ) natural figures1 is a v %ort "o by log>i?ms4 ,,! ,,?ree ,,graces4 ,?ree articles1 or ?ree names inscrib$ on c>ds1 hav+ be5 di/ribut$ betwe5 ?ree p]sons1 y are to tell :i* article or c>d ea* p]son has4 ,designate ! ?ree p]sons 9 y\r own m9d1 z #a/1 #b;d1 & #c;d1 & ! ?ree articles1 ,a1 ,e1 ,i4 ,provide #bd c\nt]s1 & give #a to ! fir/ p]son1 #b to ! #b;d1 #c to ! #c;d4 ,place ! rema9+ #ah on ! table4 ,reque/ t ! ?ree p]sons w di/ribute among !mselves ! ?ree articles1 & t1 hav+ done s1 ! p]son :o has ! "o :i* y h secretly d5ot$ by ,a1 w take z _m c\nt]s z he may h already2 ! hold] ( ,e mu/ take twice z _m z he may h2 & ! hold] ( ,i mu/ take f\r times z _m4 ,!n leave ! room1 9 ord] t ! di/ribution ( articles & ( c\nt]s may be made unobs]v$ by y4 ,we w suppose t ! ?ree articles are ?ree c>ds1 on :i* are ! words ,cl>a1 ,rosa1 ,emily1 :i* y w y\rself secretly d5ote by ! lett]s ,a1 ,e1 ,i4 ,suppose also t 9 ! division ! fir/ p]son has ,emily 7,i71 ! second has ,cl>a 7,a71 & ! ?ird has ,rosa 7,e71 !n ! #a/ w take f\r times z _m c\nt]s z he has 7#a71 & w !re=e take #d2 ! #b;d w take z _m z he has 7#b71 & w !re=e take #b2 ! #c;d w take #f1 be+ twice z _m z he has 7#c74 ,on ! table w be left #f c\nt]s4 ,! di/ribution hav+ be5 made1 y w return & obs]ve ! numb] ( c\nt]s on ! table1 f :i* y c f9d :o is ! hold] ( ea* c>d by ! foll[+ me?od4 ,x is pla9 t if ! c>ds held by ! #a/ & #b;d c be told1 t held by ! #c;d w be kn[n4 ,x w be f\nd t only six numb]s c rema91 viz4 #a1 #b1 #c1 #e1 #f1 #g2 nev] #d1 & nev] m ?an #g4 ,n[ ! #f comb9ations ( a1 e1 & i1 "h giv51 repres5t ! articles held by ! #a/ & #b;d p]sons4 #a #b #c #d #e #f #g ae ea ai -- ei ia ie ,9 ! case suppos$1 #f c\nt]s be+ on ! table1 ! comb9ation ia indicates t ! fir/ p]son has ! c>d y h call$ ,i 7,emily71 ! #b;d has ,a 7,cl>a71 s t ! #c;d has ,e 7,rosa74 ,9 ord] to recollect ! comb9ations ( ,a1 ,e1 & ,i1 x w be be/ to keep 9 memory "s #g words :i* =m a s5t5ce1 & :i* conta9 ^! v[els 9 ! ord] j giv54 ,our "y fri5ds c amuse !mselves 9 =m+ a s5t5ce = !mselves1 b z examples we supply ?ree4 #a #b #c #d #e #f #g ae ea ai -- ei ia ie ,james easy admires n[ reign+ ) a bride4 ,ang]1 fe>1 pa9 may be hid ) a smile4 ,graceful ,emma1 *>m+ %e reigns 9 all circles4 ,or1 if !y pref] ,lat91 !y c use ! p5tamet] made up by ! inv5tor ( ?is beautiful pa/ime3 #a #b #c #e #f #g ,salve c]ta anim semita vita quies4 ,,ano!r ,,me?od4 ,! p]=m] mu/ m5tally di/+ui% ! articles by ! lett]s ,a1 ,b1 ,c1 & ! p]sons z #a/1 #b;d1 & #c;d4 ,! p]sons hav+ made _! *oice1 give #ab c\nt]s to ! #a/1 #bd to ! #b;d1 & #cf to ! #c;d4 ,!n reque/ ! #a/ p]son to add toge!r ! half ( ! c\nt]s ( ! p]son :o has *os5 ,a1 ! #c;d ( ! p]son :o has *os5 ,b1 & ! #d? ( ^? ( ! p]son :o has *os5 ,c1 & !n ask ! sum1 :i* mu/ be ei!r #bc1 #bd1 #be1 #bg1 #bh1 or #bi1 z 9 ! foll[+ table3 ,fir/4 ,second4 ,?ird4 #ab #bd #cf ,a ,b ,c #bc ,a ,c ,b #bd ,b ,a ,c #be ,c ,a ,b #bg ,b ,c ,a #bh ,c ,b ,a #bi ,?is table %[s t if ! sum be #be1 = example1 ! #a/ p]son mu/ h *os5 ,b1 ! #b;d ,a1 & ! #c;d ,c2 or if x be #bh1 ! #a/ mu/ h *os5 ,b1 ! #b;d ,c1 & ! #c;d ,a4 ,,ano!r ,,me?od4 ,?ree ?+s hav+ be5 divid$ betwe5 ?ree p]sons1 y are to det]m9e ! hold] ( ea*4 ,call ! p]sons 9 y\r own m9d #a/1 #b;d1 #c;d4 ,give to ! #a/ a c>d on :i* y h writt5 ! numb] #ab2 to ! #b;d ! numb] #bd2 to ! #c;d #cf4 ,! ?ree ?+s y mu/ d5ote z ,a1 ,e1 ,i4 ,to simplify x y may h ?ree c>ds ) a "n ^u ea*1 ( :i* ! initial lett]s are ,a1 ,e1 ,i1 z ,anna1 ,emma1 ,isabel4 ,reque/ y\r fri5ds to divide betwe5 !m ! ?ree articles1 & !n to add toge!r c]ta9 p>ts ( ! numb]s on _! c>ds1 z foll[s3 ,:oev] has ,a mu/ supply "o half ( ! numb] on 8 c>d2 ,:oev] has ,e mu/ supply "o ?ird2 ,:oev] has ,i mu/ supply "o f\r?2 ,?is half1 ?ird & f\r? hav+ be5 add$ toge!r1 ! sum mu/ be ann\nc$ to y on y\r return2 & f ?is numb] y c tell :o has ,a1 :o has ,e1 & :o has ,i4 ,if ! ,no4 is ! #a/ has ! #b;d has ! #c;d has #bc ,a ,e ,i #bd ,a ,i ,e #be ,e ,a ,i #bg ,i ,a ,e #bh ,e ,i ,a #bi ,i ,e ,a ,! sum :i* w be giv5 to y c be "o ( six only4 ,!re are only six ways 9 :i* ! articles c be divid$1 & !re is a def9ite numb] = ea* ( !m4 ,! numb] #bf c nev] occur1 & to recollect ! six :i* d occur1 & :i* y p]ceive are consecutive1 y ne$ take note only ( :at ! #a/ & #b;d p]sons h4 #bc #bd #be #bf #bg #bh #bi ae ai ea -- ia ei ie ,if y make up a l9e ( good 7or bad7 ,engli%1 hav+ ! v[els 9 ! ord] "h giv51 y w f9d x w aid y 9 _! recollection4 ,we give "o z a specim53 ae ai ea -- ia ei ie ,brave da%+ sea1 l a giant revives itself4 ,,! ,,=tunate ,,n9?4 ,a %>p y\?1 fre% f s*ool1 hav+ gone to visit a good-natur$ uncle1 ! latt] plac$ on a table fifte5 f9e oranges & fifte5 apples1 & desir$ 8 "y fri5d to take half4 ,he1 n lik+ ! apples1 0 ab\t to take ! fifte5 oranges2 b ?is monopoly ( ! be/ fruit be+ object$ to1 ! old g5tleman told him to range all ! fruit 9 a circle1 & to take e n9?4 ,! clev] fell[ rang$ !m 9 su* a way z t1 by tak+ away e n9?1 all ! apples 7 left on ! table1 & all ! oranges 7 transf]r$ to 8 capaci\s pockets4 ,h[ did he arrange !m8 ,he plac$ !m z 9 ! m>g91 ,a repres5t+ apples1 & ,o oranges2 & x w be f\nd t1 by comm5c+ at ! f\r apples1 & go+ r\nd & r\nd ! circle1 tak+ away e n9?1 all ! oranges w be remov$1 & all ! apples w rema94 ,illu/ration ,if we let ! v[els a e i o u d5ote ! figures #a #b #c #d #e1 ! arrangem5t ( ! figures #d1 #e1 #b1 #a1 c41 c be easily recollect$ by ! foll[+ l9e3 ,our e>?'s f9al fate--enigma ev] d>k #de #ba #c #a #a #b #b #c #a #b #b #a or1 ,our de> ,ri*>d's tale beg9s at ! sea4 #de #ba #c #a #a #b #b #c #a #b #ba ,our "y fri5ds may f9d amusem5t 9 =m+ l9es = !mselves z mu* sup]ior to ^! z possible4 ,,! ,,t5 ,,t5s4 ,take t5 pieces ( c>d1 & ^u ea* write any t5 words2 !re is no re/riction z to ! initial lett] ( n9e ( ! words1 b ! la/ ^w on ea* c>d mu/ comm5ce ) c]ta9 lett]s :i* y mu/ 9 y\r own m9d associate ) ! numb]s #a to #aj1 s t by kn[+ ! initial lett] ( ! la/ ^w on ea* c>d1 y c det]m9e its numb]4 ,"h are t5 c>ds1 7call ^! ! ,select+ ,c>ds17 :i* we give by way ( example1 ?\gh our read]s w p]haps pref] hav+ words ( _! own selection4 ,jane4 ,ell54 ,george4 ,james4 ,newton4 ,m>y4 ,fanny4 ,william4 ,clem5t4 ,davy4 ,matilda4 ,c>ol9e4 ,fr$]ick4 ,edw>d4 ,morse4 ,s>ah4 ,isabel4 ,rob]t4 ,ralph4 ,fulton4 ,rosa4 ,flora4 ,edmund4 ,francis4 ,frankl94 ,elizabe?4 ,laura4 ,john4 ,edw94 ,arago4 ,h>riet4 ,m>ia4 ,alfr$4 ,walt]4 ,spurzheim4 ,ann4 ,frances4 ,alb]t4 ,*>les4 ,laplace4 ,emily4 ,edi?4 ,h5ry4 ,samuel4 ,/e]s4 ,emma4 ,doro!a4 ,isaac4 ,theodore4 ,hers*el4 ,si/]4 ,rose4 ,fri5d%ip4 ,putnam4 ,clay4 ,bro!r4 ,violet4 ,happ9ess4 ,lafayette4 ,web/]4 ,uncle4 ,lup94 ,indu/ry4 ,/eub54 ,calh\n4 ,aunt4 ,daisy4 ,ambition4 ,scott4 ,b5ton4 ,gr&mo!r4 ,tulip4 ,en]gy4 ,taylor4 ,jeff]son4 ,gr&fa!r4 ,peony4 ,fidelity4 ,gre54 ,adams4 ,nephew4 ,hyac9?4 ,affection4 ,h>rison4 ,madison4 ,niece4 ,p9k4 ,hope4 ,hamilton4 ,jackson4 ,c\s94 ,sn[drop4 ,ju/ice4 ,wayne4 ,monroe4 ,fa!r4 ,lily4 ,ord]4 ,wa%+ton4 ,napoleon4 ,= ^! ! key words are1 ,edi? ,fl[n1 s t ! lett]s ,e ,d ,i ,t ,h ,f ,l ,o ,w ,n ,/& = #a #b #c #d #e #f #g #h #i #aj ,= ! success ( ! game1 ! key words & ! numb]s d5ot$ by _! lett]s1 mu/ be c>efully conceal$4 ,take t5 o!r c>ds1 :i* call ! gr\p$ c>ds1 & ^u "o write d[n ! fir/ ^w f ea* ( ! select+ c>ds1 be+ c>eful to write !m 9 ! same ord]4 ,let ano!r c>d conta9 all ! words :i* are second f ! top1 & s on till all ! words h be5 gr\p$ toge!r4 ,z an example1 we give ! #a/ & #d? gr\p$ c>ds4 #a/4 #d?4 ,jane4 ,s>ah4 ,ell54 ,isabel4 ,george4 ,rob]t4 ,james4 ,ralph4 ,newton4 ,fulton4 ,si/]4 ,aunt4 ,rose4 ,daisy4 ,fri5d%ip4 ,ambition4 ,putnam4 ,scott4 ,clay4 ,b5ton4 ,! object ( ! game is to guess :i* ( ! words f any ( ! select+ c>ds any p]son may h fix$ ^u4 ,let any "o *oose a c>d out ( ! select+ c>ds1 & aft] he has fix$ ^u a ^w1 give x back to y2 :5 receiv+ x1 c>efully note ! la/ ^w ^u x1 :i* w give y1 by ! aid ( ! key ^w1 ! numb] ( ! c>d2 ?is y mu/ keep secret1 & y !n give him all ! gr\p$ c>ds1 & reque/ him to %[ y ! c>ds :i* conta9 ! words he fix$ ^u4 ,y c !n ann\nce ! ^w2 = ! numb] ( ! ^w f ! top on ! gr\p$ c>d is ! same z ! numb] ( ! select+ c>d1 f :i* he made 8 *oice4 ,suppose he made 8 *oice f ! c>d :i* has ,!odore = its la/ ^w--?is is ,no4 #d2 :5 he %[s y ! gr\p$ c>d1 :i* he says conta9s ! select$ ^w1 y w "k t ,ralph1 ! f\r? f ! top1 is ! "n he fix$ ^u4 ,,divid+ ,,! ,,be]4 ,dur+ ! siege ( ,seba/opol1 :5 ! troops 7 on %ort all[ance1 a c ( eight p9ts ( port] 0 ord]$ to be equally divid$ betwe5 two messes2 b hav+ only a five p9t c1 & "o :i* held ?ree p9ts1 x 0 f\nd impossible to make ?is division1 till "o ( ! clev] sapp]s sugge/$ ! foll[+ me?od2 &1 to und]/& x1 we w put d[n ! cont5ts ( ea* ( ! ?ree cans at ea* /age ( ! process2 comm5c+ ) #h-pt4 #e-pt4 #c-pt4 ,! #h-p9t c full1 & ! o!rs empty1 #h #j #j #a4 ,fill$ ! #e-p9t c #c #e #j #b4 ,fill$ ! #c-p9t c f ! #e-p9t #c #b #c #c4 ,p\r ! cont5ts ( ! #c-p9t into ! #h-p9t #f #b #j #d4 ,transf] ! #b p9ts f ! #e-p9t to ! #c-p9t #f #j #b #e4 ,fill$ ! #e-p9t f ! #h-p9t #a #e #b #f4 ,fill up ! #c-p9t f ! #e-p9t #a #d #c #g4 ,p\r$ ! #c p9ts into ! #h-p9t2 complet+ ! feat #d #d #j ,?is 0 a dext]\s exp$i5t ( ! wor?y sapp]1 ! only objections to x be+ ! "t ! ?irty m5 _h to wait1 & ! result+ flat condition ( ! be]4 ,,! ,,difficult ,,case ,,( ,,w9e4 ,a g5tleman _h a bottle conta9+ #ab p9ts ( w9e1 #f ( :i* he 0 desir\s ( giv+ to a fri5d2 b he _h no?+ to measure x1 except two o!r bottles1 "o ( #g p9ts1 & ! o!r ( #e4 ,h[ did he contrive to put #f p9ts into ! #g-p9t bottle8 #ab-pt4 #g-pt4 #f-pt4 ,be=e he comm5c$1 ! cont5ts ( ! bottles 7 #ab #j #j #a4 ,he fill$ ! #e-p9t #g #j #e #b4 ,empti$ ! #e-p9t into ! #g-p9t #g #e #j #c4 ,fill$ aga9 ! #e-p9t f ! #ab-p9t #b #e #e #d4 ,fill$ up ! #g-p9t f ! #e #b #g #c #e4 ,empti$ ! #g-p9t into ! #ab-p9t #i #j #c #f4 ,p\r$ ! #c p9ts f ! #e into ! #g #i #c #j #g4 ,fill$ ! #e-p9t f ! #ab-p9t #d #c #e #h4 ,fill$ up ! #g-p9t f ! #e-p9t #d #g #a #i4 ,empti$ ! #g-p9t into ! #ab-p9t #aa #j #a #aj4 ,p\r$ #a p9t f ! #e-p9t into ! #g-p9t #aa #a #j #aa4 ,fill$ ! #e-p9t f ! #ab-p9t #f #a #e #ab4 ,p\r$ ! cont5ts ( ! #e-p9t into ! #g-p9t #f #f #j ,,ano!r ,,decimation ,,( ,,fruit4 ,on ! next visit ( ! y\? to 8 uncle1 ! latt] produc$ ?irty apples & t5 oranges1 & (f]$ him ! favorite oranges1 if 8 nephew c\ld arrange !m 9 an oval1 s t by tak+ e twelf? ! apples %\ld rema94 ,b ?is he c\ld n accompli%1 & ! old g5tleman1 be+ well v]s$ 9 ! ,recreations 9 ,sci5ce1 proce$$ to arrange !m ?us3 ,illu/ration ,! places :i* ! oranges "h occupy c be easily rememb]$1 be+ ,nos4 #g1 #h1 #aa1 #ab1 #ba1 #bb1 #bd1 #cd1 #cf1 #cg4 ,,! ,,w9e ,,& ,,! ,,tables4 ,a c]ta9 hotel-keep] 0 dext]\s 9 contrivances to produce a l>ge appe>ance ) small means4 ,9 ! d9+-room 7 ?ree tables1 betwe5 :i* he c\ld divide #ba bottles1 ( :i* #g only 7 full1 #g half full1 & #g app>5tly j empti$1 & 9 su* a mann] t ea* table _h ! same numb] ( bottles1 & ! same quantity ( w9e4 ,he did ?is 9 two ways3 ,table4 ,full ,hf4 full4 ,empty4 ,table4 ,full ,hf4 full4 ,empty4 #a #b #c #b #a #c #a #c #b #b #c #b #b #c #a #c #c #c #a #c #c #a #e #a ,he also p]=m$ a simil> exploit ) #bd bottles1 #h full1 #h half-full1 & #h empty3 ,table4 ,full ,hf4 full4 ,empty4 ,table4 ,full ,hf4 full4 ,empty4 #a #c #b #c #a #b #d #b #b #c #b #b #b #b #d #b #c #b #d #b #c #d #j #d ,also ) #bg bottles1 #i full1 #i half-full1 & #i empty3 ,table4 ,full ,hf4 full4 ,empty4 ,table4 ,full ,hf4 full4 ,empty4 #a #b #e #b #a #a #g #a #b #c #c #c #b #d #a #d #c #d #a #d #c #d #a #d ,,! ,,?ree ,,travel]s4 ,?ree m5 met at a c>avans>y or inn1 9 ,p]sia2 & two ( !m br\ght _! provision along ) !m1 accord+ to ! cu/om ( ! c\ntry2 b ! ?ird n hav+ provid$ any1 propos$ to ! o!rs t !y %\ld eat toge!r1 & he w\ld pay ! value ( 8 proportion4 ,?is be+ agre$ to1 ,a produc$ #e loaves1 & ,b #c loaves1 all ( :i* ! travel]s ate toge!r1 & ,c paid #h pieces ( money z ! value ( 8 %>e1 ) :i* ! o!rs 7 satisfi$1 b qu>rel$ ab\t ! division ( x4 ,^u ?is ! matt] 0 ref]r$ to ! judge1 :o decid$ imp>tially4 ,:at 0 8 decision8 ,at fir/ sight x w\ld seem t ! money %\ld be divid$ accord+ to ! bread furni%$2 b we mu/ consid] t1 z ! #c ate #h loaves1 ea* "o ate #b loaves ( ! bread he furni%$4 ,?is f #e w\ld leave #b loaves furni%$ ! /rang] by ,a2 & #c - #b furni%$ by ,b1 h5ce #b to #g to #a1 is ! ratio 9 :i* ! money is to be divid$4 ,if y imag9e ,a & ,b to furni%1 & ,c to consume all1 !n ! division w be accord+ to am\nts furni%$4 ,,:i* ,,c\nt] ,,has ,,be5 ,,?\ght ,,( ,,out ,,( ,,sixte58 ,take sixte5 pieces ( c>d1 & numb] !m #a to #af4 ,arrange !m 9 two r[s1 z at ,a ,b4 ,a ,b ,c ,b ,d ,m ,e ,b ,f ,n ,g ,b ,h #a #i #a #i #b #b #b #i #d #b #b #i #f #b #aj #c #aj #d #d #f #aj #h #f #a #aj #e #c #aa #e #aa #f #f #a #aa #c #a #d #aa #h #d #ab #g #ab #h #h #e #ab #g #e #c #ab #g #e #ac #ac #a #ac #d #ac #f #ad #ad #c #ad #h #ad #g #ae #ae #e #ae #c #ae #h #af #af #g #af #g #af ,desire a p]son to ?9k ( "o ( ! numb]s1 & to tell y 9 :i* r[ x is4 ,suppose he fixes on #f2 he w tell y t ! r[ ,a conta9s ! numb] he ?\ght (4 ,take up ! r[ ,a1 & arrange ! numb]s on ea* side ( ! r[ ,b1 z %[n at ,c ,d1 s t ! fir/ numb] ( ! r[ ,a may be ! fir/ ( ! r[ ,c1 ! second ( ,a be ! fir/ ( ,d1 ! ?ird ( ,a be ! second ( ,c1 & s on4 ,ask 9 :i* ( ! r[s1 ,c or ,d1 is ! numb] ?\ght (3 9 ! case suppos$ x is 9 ,d4 ,take up ! r[s ,c ,d1 & put "o und]nea? ! o!r1 z at ,m1 tak+ c>e t ! half-r[ 9 :i* is ! numb] ?\ght (1 %all be above ! o!r4 ,divide x aga9 into two r[s1 z at ,e ,f1 on ea* side ( ,b1 9 ! same way z be=e4 ,ask aga9 9 :i* r[ x is3 x is n[ 9 ,e4 ,place "o r[ "u ! o!r1 z at ,n1 & divide aga9 into two r[s1 :i* w n[ be z ,g ,h4 ,y w be in=m$ t ! numb] is 9 r[ ,h1 & y may !n ann\nce x to be ! top numb] ( t r[4 ,! numb] ?\ght ( w always be at ! top ( "o ( ! r[s aft] ?ree transpositions4 ,if !re 7 #cb c\nt]s x w\ld be at ! top aft] f\r transpositions4 ,,magic ,,squ>es4 ,! "n ,magic ,squ>e is giv5 to a squ>e divid$ into sev]al small] squ>es1 9 :i* numb]s are plac$ 9 su* a mann] t e column ( numb]s1 :e!r v]tical1 horizontal1 or f corn] to corn]1 %all am\nt to ! same sum4 ,!y are divid$ into ?ree pr9cipal classes3 #a/1 ,^? :i* h an odd numb] ( squ>es 9 ea* b&2 #b;d1 ,^? :i* h an ev5 numb] ( squ>es 9 ea* b&1 ?is ev5 numb] be+ divisible exactly by #d2 #c;d1 ,:]e ! ev5 numb] ( squ>es 9 ea* b& _c be divid$ by #d )\t a fraction4 ,,odd ,,magic ,,squ>es4 ,squ>es ( ?is k9d are =m$ ?us4 ,imag9e an ext]ior l9e ( squ>es above ! magic squ>e y wi% to =m1 & ano!r ext]ior l9e on ! "r h& ( x ,^! two imag9>y l9es are %[n 9 ! figure4 ,!n att5d to ! two foll[+ rules3 #a/4 ,9 plac+ ! numb]s 9 ! squ>es we mu/ g 9 an asc5d+ oblique direction f left to "r2 any numb] :i*1 by pursu+ ?is direction1 w\ld fall into ! ext]ior l9e1 mu/ be c>ri$ along t l9e ( squ>es1 :e!r v]tical or horizontal1 to ! la/ squ>e4 ,?us1 #a hav+ be5 plac$ 9 ! c5t] ( ! top l9e1 7see ! fir/ table on p4 #bbh17 #b w\ld fall into ! ext]ior squ>e above ! f\r? v]tical l9e2 x mu/ be !re=e c>ri$ d[n to ! l[e/ squ>e ( t l9e2 !n1 asc5d+ obliquely #c falls into ! squ>e1 b f\r falls out ( x1 to ! end ( a horizontal l9e1 & x mu/ be c>ri$ along t l9e to ! extreme left1 & !re plac$4 ,resum+ our oblique asc5sion to ! "r1 we place #e1 :]e ! read] sees x1 & w\ld place #f 9 ! middle ( ! top b&1 b f9d+ x occupi$ by #a1 we look = direction to ! #b;d ,rule1 :i* prescribes t1 :5 9 asc5d+ obliquely1 we come to a squ>e already occupi$1 we mu/ place ! numb]1 :i* accord+ to ! fir/ rule %\ld g into t occupi$ squ>e1 directly "u ! la/ numb] plac$4 ,?us1 9 asc5d+ ) #d1 #e1 #f1 ! #f mu/ be plac$ directly "u ! #e1 because ! squ>e next to #e 9 an oblique direction is engag$4 ,illu/ration3 4444444444444444444444444444444444444444 444 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 #ah 4 #be 4 #b 4 #i 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 ----------------------------------444444 4 4 4 #ag #bd #a #h #ae #ag 4 4 ------------------------------4444444 4 4 #bc #e #g #ad #af #bc 4 4 ------------------------------4444444 4 4 #d #f #ac #bj #bb #d 4 4 ------------------------------4444444 4 4 #aj #ab #ai #ba #c #aj 4 4 ------------------------------4444444 4 4 #aa #ah #be #b #i 4 4 ------------------------------4444444 ,illu/ration3 ---------------------------------------- -- #cj #ci #dh #a #aj #ai #bh ---------------------------------------- -- #ch #dg #g #i #ah #bg #bi ---------------------------------------- -- #df #f #h #ag #bf #ce #cg ---------------------------------------- -- #e #ad #af #be #cd #cf #de ---------------------------------------- -- #ac #ae #bd #cc #db #dd #d ---------------------------------------- -- #ba #bc #cb #da #dc #c #ab ---------------------------------------- -- #bb #ca #dj #di #b #aa #bj ---------------------------------------- -- ,magic squ>es ( ?is class1 h[ev] l>ge 9 ! numb] ( comp>tm5ts1 c be easily fill$ up by att5d+ to ^! two rules4 ,we give opposite1 a sev5-plac$ squ>e4 ,!re are v>i\s o!r k9ds ( magic squ>es2 b explanations ( !m w\ld be too l5g?y = our "w4 ,! inv5tion ( ^! contrivances has be5 trac$ back to ! e>ly ages ( sci5ce1 & talismanic prop]ties 7 attribut$ to !m4 ,mod]n philosoph]s h amus$ !mselves 9 br++ !m to p]fection1 & none has contribut$ s mu* z ! model ( practical wisdom1 ,dr4 ,frankl94 ,,! ,,squ>e ,,( ,,go?am4 ,! wise m5 ( ,go?am1 fam\s = _! ecc5tric blund]s1 once und]took ! managem5t ( a s*ool2 !y arrang$ _! e/abli%m5t 9 ! =m ( a squ>e divid$ into #i rooms4 ,! playgr\nd occupi$ ! c5t]1 & #bd s*ol>s ! rooms ar\nd x1 #c be+ 9 ea*4 ,9 spite ( ! /rictness ( discipl9e1 x 0 suspect$ t ! boys 7 9 ! habit ( play+ truant1 & x 0 det]m9$ to set a /rict wat*4 ,to assure !mselves t all ! boys 7 on ! premises1 !y visit$ ! rooms1 & f\nd ?ree 9 ea*1 or #i 9 ea* r[4 ,f\r boys !n w5t out1 & ! wise m5 soon aft] visit$ ! rooms1 & f9d+ #i 9 ea* r[1 ?\ght all 0 "r4 ,! f\r boys !n came back1 accompani$ by f\r /rang]s2 & ! ,go?amites1 on _! ?ird r\nd1 f9d+ /ill #i 9 ea* r[1 ent]ta9$ no suspicion ( :at _h tak5 place4 ,!n #d m *ums 7 admitt$2 b ! clev] m51 on exam9+ ! e/abli%m5t a f\r? "t1 /ill f\nd #i 9 ea* r[1 & s came to an op9ion t _! previ\s suspicions _h be5 unf\nd$4 ,h[ 0 all ?is possible8 ,! foll[+ figures repres5t ! cont5ts ( ea* room at ! f\r diff]5t visits2 ! fir/1 at ! comm5cem5t ( ! wat*2 ! second1 :5 f\r _h gone out2 ! ?ird1 :5 ^! #d1 accompani$ by ano!r #d1 _h return$2 & ! f\r?1 :5 #d m _h jo9$ !m4 ,i4 ,,ii4 ,,iii4 ,,iv4 #c #c #c #d #a #d #b #e #b #a #g #a #c #c #a #a #e #e #g #g #c #b #c #d #a #d #b #e #b #a #g #a ,on ea* *ange ! boys arrang$ !mselves 9 ! rooms 9 su* a mann] t1 :5 ! corn] rooms 7 c\nt$ z a "p ( two r[s1 ea* entire r[ ( ?ree rooms conta9$ ! same numb] ( boys4 ,! illusion ( ! wise m5 0 due to _! mi/ake 9 c\nt+ ea* corn] room twice4 ,,! ,,ma!matical ,,blacksmi?4 ,a blacksmi? _h a /one weigh+ #dj lbs4 ,a mason com+ into ! %op1 hamm] 9 h&1 /ruck x & broke x into f\r pieces4 ,!re1 says ! smi?1 y h ru9$ my weight4 ,no1 says ! mason1 ,i h made x bett]1 = :]eas y c\ld be=e weigh b #dj lbs4 ) x1 n[ y c weigh e p\nd f #a to #dj4 ,requir$ size ( ! pieces8 ,ans4 #a1 #c1 #i1 #bg2 = 9 any geometrical s]ies proce$+ 9 a triple ratio1 ea* t]m is #a m ?an twice ! sum ( all ! prec$+1 & ! above s]ies might proce$ to any ext5t4 ,9 us+ ! weights1 !y mu/ be put 9 "o or bo? scales z may be necess>y3 z to weigh #b1 put #a 9 "o scale1 & #c 9 ! o!r4 ,,curi\s ,,prop]ties ,,( ,,"s ,,figures4 ,select any two numb]s y please1 & y w f9d t "o ( ! two1 _! am\nt :5 add$ toge!r1 or _! diff]5ce1 is always #c1 or a numb] divisible by #c4 ,?us1 if ! numb]s are #c & #h1 ! fir/ numb] is #c2 let ! numb]s be #a & #b1 _! sum is #c2 let !m be #d & #g1 ! diff]5ce is #c4 ,aga91 #ae & #bb1 ! fir/ numb] is divisible by #c3 #ag & #bf1 _! diff]5ce is divisible by #c1 c4 ,all ! odd numb]s above #c1 t c only be divid$ by #a1 c be divid$ by #f1 by ! addition or subtraction ( a unit4 ,= in/ance1 #ac c only be divid$ by #a2 b aft] d$uct+ #a1 ! rema9d] c be divid$ by #f2 = example1 #e #a #f 2 #g - #a #f2 #ag #a #ah2 #ai - #a #ah2 #be - #a #bd1 & s on4 ,if y multiply #e by itself1 & ! quoti5t aga9 by itself1 & ! second quoti5t by itself1 ! la/ figure ( ea* quoti5t w always be #e4 ,?us #e #e #be2 #be #be #abe2 #abe #abe #fbe1 c4 ,aga91 if y proce$ 9 ! same mann] ) ! figure #f1 ! la/ figure w con/antly be #f2 ?us1 #f #f #cf2 #cf #cf #baf2 #baf #baf #a1bif1 & s on4 ,to multiply by #b is ! same z to multiply by #aj & divide by #e4 ,any numb] ( figures y may wi% to multiply by #e1 w give ! same result if divid$ by #b--;a mu* quick] op]ation ?an ! =m]2 b y mu/ rememb] to annex a ciph] to ! answ] :]e !re is no rema9d]1 & :]e !re is a rema9d]1 annex a #e to ! answ]4 ,?us1 multiply #dfd by #e1 ! answ] w be #bcbj2 divide ! same numb] by #b1 & y h #bcb1 & z !re is no rema9d] y add a ciph]4 ,n[1 take #ceg1 & multiply by #e--! answ] is #aghe4 ,on divid+ #ceg by #b1 !re is #agh1 & a rema9d]2 y !re=e place #e at ! "r ( ! l9e1 & ! result is aga9 #aghe4 ,!re is some?+ m curi\s 9 ! prop]ties ( ! numb] #i4 ,any numb] multipli$ by #i produces a sum ( figures :i*1 add$ toge!r1 cont9ually makes #i4 ,= example1 all ! fir/ multiples ( #i1 z #ah1 #bg1 #cf1 #de1 #ed1 #fc1 #gb1 #ha1 sum up #i ea*4 ,ea* ( !m multipli$ by any numb] :atev] produces a simil> result2 z #h times #ha are #fdh1 ^! add$ toge!r make #ah1 #a & #h are #i4 ,multiply #fdh by itself1 ! product is #dai1ijd--! sum ( ^! digits is #bg1 #b & #g are #i4 ,! rule is inv>iable4 ,take any numb] :atev] & multiply x by #i2 or any multiple ( #i1 & ! sum w consi/ ( figures :i*1 add$ toge!r1 cont9ually numb] #i4 ,z #ag #ah #cjf1 #f & #c are #i2 #aag #bg #c1aei1 ! figures sum up #ah1 #h & #a are #i2 #deia #gb #ccj1eeb1 ! figures sum up #ah1 #h & #a are #i4 ,aga91 #hg1cfc #ed #d1gag1dbb2 add$ toge!r ! product is #bg1 or #b & #g are #i1 & s always4 ,if any r[ ( two or m figures be rev]s$ & subtract$ f itself1 ! figures compos+ ! rema9d]1 w1 :5 add$ horizontally1 be a multiple ( n9e3 #db #hhf #cbf #bd #fhh #afbc -- --- ---- #ah - #i #b4 #aih - #i #b4 #afch - #i #b4 ,if a multiplic& be =m$ ( ! digits 9 _! regul> ord]1 omitt+ ! #h1 a multipli] may be f\nd by a rule1 :i* w give a product1 ea* figure ( :i* %all be ! same4 ,?us if #abcdefgi be giv51 & x be requir$ to f9d a multipli] :i* %all give ! product all 9 #b1 t multipli] w be #ah3 if 9 #c1 ! multipli] w be #bg3 if all #d1 x w be #cf--;& s =?4 #abcdefgi #abcdefgi #abcdefgi #ah #bg #cf -------- -------- ------- #ihgfedcb #hfdaigec #gdjgdjgd #abcdefgi #bdfiaceh #cgjcgjcg --------- --------- --------- #bbbbbbbbb #ccccccccc #ddddddddd ,! rule by :i* ! multipli] is discov]$ 7b :i* we d n attempt to expla97 is ?is3 ,multiply ! la/ figure 7! #i7 ( ! multiplic& by ! figure ( :i* y wi% ! product to be compos$1 & t numb] w be ! requir$ multipli]4 ,?us1 :5 x 0 requir$ to h ! product compos$ ( #b1 ! #b multipli$ by #i gives #ah1 ! multipli]3 #c multipli$ by #i gives #bg1 ! multipli] to give ! product 9 #c2 c4 ,if a figure1 ) a numb] ( ciph]s atta*$ to x1 be divid$ by #i1 ! quoti5t w be compos$ ( "o figure only1 namely1 ! fir/ figure ( ! divid5d1 z-- #i7fjj1jjj #i7dj1jjj ---------- --------- #ff1fff-f #d1ddd-d #i7edi ,if any sum ( figures c be divid$ by #i z1 ------ #fa ! am\nt ( ^! figures1 :5 add$ toge!r1 c be divid$ by #i3--?us1 #e1 #d1 #i1 add$ toge!r1 make #ah1 :i* is divisible by #i4 ,if ! sum #edi is multipli$ by any figure1 ! product c also be divid$ by #i1 z-- #c #edi #b #f #i ------ ,& ! am\nt ( ! figures ( #d #i7cbid ! product c also be divid$ by ---- ----- #i1 ?us1 #b7ah #cff --- #i ,to multiply by #i1 add a ciph]1 & d$uct ! sum t is to be multipli$3 ?us1 #dc1bfj #d1cbf #d1cbf ,produces ! same result z #i ----- ---- #ch1icd #ch1icd ,9 ! same mann]1 to multiply by #ii1 add two ciph]s2 by #iii1 ?ree ciph]s1 c4 ,^! prop]ties ( ! figure #i w enable ! "y ari?metician to p]=m an amus+ trick1 q suffici5t to excite ! wond] ( ! un9itiat$4 ,any s]ies ( numb]s t c be divid$ by #i1 z #cfe1 #dgb1hba1ged1 c41 be+ %[n1 a p]son may be reque/$ to multiply secretly ei!r ( ^! s]ies by any figure he pleases1 to /rike out "o numb] ( ! quoti5t1 & to let y "k ! figures :i* rema91 9 any ord] he likes2 y w !n1 by ! assi/ance ( ! k ( ! above prop]ties ( #i1 easily decl>e ! numb] :i* has be5 eras$4 ,?us1 suppose #cfe1dgb are ! numb]s *os51 & ! multipli] is six2 if !n1 #h is /uck out1 ! numb]s return$ to y w be #b #a #i #cfedgb #b #f #c ------ #b #baibcb -- #ai ,! am\nt ( ^! numb]s is #ai2 b #ai1 divid$ by #i1 leaves a rema9d] ( #a2 y1 !re=e1 want #h to complete ano!r #i3 #h1 !n1 is ! numb] eras$4 ,! compon5t figures ( ! product made by ! multiplication ( e digit into ! numb] #i1 :5 add$ toge!r1 make ,,n9e4 ,! ord] ( ^! compon5t figures is rev]s$ aft] ! said numb] has be5 multipli$ by #e4 ,! compon5t figures ( ! am\nt ( ! multipli]s 7viz4 #de17 :5 add$ toge!r1 make ,,n9e4 ,! am\nt by ! sev]al products1 or multiples ( #i 7viz4 #dje17 :5 divid$ by #i1 gives = a quoti5t1 #de2 t is1 #d #e ,,n9e4 ,! am\nt ( ! fir/ product 7viz4 #i17 :5 add$ to ! o!r product1 ^: respective compon5t figures make #i1 is #ha2 :i* is ! squ>e ( ,,n9e4 ,! said numb] #ha1 :5 add$ to ! above m5tion$ am\nt ( ! sev]al products1 or multiples ( #i 7viz4 #dje7 makes #dhf1 :i*1 if divid$ by #i1 gives = a quoti5t #ed3 t is1 #e #d ,,n9e4 ,x is also obs]vable1 t ! numb] ( *anges t may be rung on n9e bells is #cfb1hhj2 :i* figures1 add$ toge!r1 make #bg2 t is1 #b #g ,,n9e4 ,& ! quoti5t ( #cfb1hhj1 divid$ by #i1 w be #dj1cbj2 t is #d #j #c #b #j ,,n9e4 ,if numb] #cg be multipli$ by any ( ! progressive numb]s aris+ f ! multiplication ( #c ) any ( ! units1 ! figures 9 ! quoti5t w be simil>1 & ! result may be kn[n be=eh& by m]ely inspect+ ! progressive numb]s1 ?us1 #c1 #f1 #i1 #ab1 #ae1 #ah1 #ba1 #bd1 #bg1 c41 are ! progressive numb]s =m$ by #c multipli$ by ! units #a to #i2 & ! result ( ! multiplication ( any ( ^! numb]s ) #cg may be se5 9 ! foll[+ examples3--#cg #c #aaa2 #cg #f #bbb2 #cg #ab #ddd2 #cg #bd #hhh2 by :i* x appe>s t ! numb]s ( :i* ! quoti5t is =m$ are ! same z ! units by :i* numb] #c 0 multipli$ to obta9 ! respective progressive numb]s4 ,?us--#c multipli$ by #b is equal to #f1 & #cg multipli$ by #i is equal to #bbb2 s1 aga91 #d multipli$ by #c produces #ab1 & #cg multipli$ by #ab is equal to #ddd1 & s on4 ,,! ,,indu/ri\s ,,frog4 ,!re 0 a well #cj feet deep1 & at ! bottom a frog anxi\s to get out4 ,he got up #c feet p] day1 b regul>ly fell back #b feet at night4 ,requir$ ! numb] ( days necess>y to enable him to get out8 ,! frog appe>s to h cle>$ "o foot p] day1 & at ! end ( #bg days1 he w\ld be #bg feet up1 or )9 #c feet ( ! top1 & ! next day he w\ld get out4 ,he w\ld !re=e be #bh days gett+ out4 ,,! ,,c\ncil ,,( ,,t54 ,t5 c>ds or c\nt]s1 numb]$ f "o to t51 or ! fir/ t5 play+ c>ds ( any suit dispos$ 9 a circul> =m may be employ$ ) great conv5i5ce = p]=m+ ?is feat4 ,! accompany+ figure %[s ! c>ds ?us arrang$1 numb] "o1 or ! ace1 designat$ by ,a1 & ! t5 by ,k4 #c ,c #b ,b ,d #d #a ,a ,e #e #aj ,k ,f #f #i ,i ,g #g ,h #h ,hav+ plac$ ! c>ds 9 ! above ord]1 desire a by/&] to ?9k ( a c>d or numb]1 & :5 he has done s1 to t\* any o!r c>d or numb]4 ,reque/ him !n to add to ! numb] ( ! c>d t\*$ ! numb] ( ! c>ds employ$1 :i* 9 ?is case is t54 ,!n desire him to c\nt ! sum 9 an ord] contr>y to t ( ! natural numb]s1 beg9n+ at ! c>d he t\*$1 & assign+ x ! numb] ( ! c>d he ?\ght (4 ,by c\nt+ 9 ?is mann]1 he w end at ! numb] or c>d he ?\ght (1 & consequ5tly y w imm$iately "k x4 ,?us1 = example1 suppose ! p]son _h ?\ght ( #c ,c1 & t\*$ #f ,f2 !n1 if #aj be add$ to #f1 ! sum w be #af2 & if t numb] be c\nt$ f ,f1 ! numb] t\*$1 t[>ds ,e ,d ,b ,c ,a1 & s on1 9 ! retrograde ord]1 c\nt+ ,f ?ree1 ! numb] ?\ght (1 ,e five1 ,d six1 & s r\nd to sixte51 t numb] w t]m9ate at ,c1 %[+ t ! p]son ?\ght ( #c1 ! numb] :i* corresponds to ,c4 ,a great] or less numb] ( c>ds or c\nt]s may be employ$ at pleasure2 b 9 e in/ance ! :ole numb] ( c>ds mu/ be add$ to ! numb] ( ! c>d t\*$4 ,,! ,,two ,,travel]s4 ,two travel]s trudg$ along ! road toge!r1 ,talk+1 z ,yankees d1 ab\t ! wea!r2 ,:51 lo6 beside _! pa? ! =emo/ spies ,?ree casks1 & l\d exclaims ,a prize1 a prize6 ,"o l>ge1 two small1 b all ( v>i\s size4 ,?is way & t !y gaz$1 & all ar\nd1 ,ea* wond]+ if an own] might be f\nd3 ,b n a s\l 0 !re--! coa/ 0 cle>1 ,s to ! b>rels !y at once drew ne>1 ,& bo? agree :atev] may be !re ,9 fri5dly p>tn]%ip !y'll fairly %>e4 ,two !y f9d empty1 b ! o!r full1 ,& /raightway f 8 pocket "o do? pull ,a l>ge clasp-knife4 ,a heavy /one lay h&y1 ,& ?us 9 "t !y f\nd _! prize 0 br&y4 ',tis ta/$ & approv$3 _! lips !y smack1 ,& ea* pron\nces 'tis ! fam$ ,cognac4 ,won't we h _m a jolly night1 my boy6 ,may no ill luck our pres5t hopes de/roy6 ',twas =tunate "o knew ! ma!matics1 ,& _h a smatt]+ ( hydro/atics2 ,!n measur$ he ! casks1 & said1 ,i see ,?is is eight gallons1 ^? are five & ?ree4 ,! "q !n 0 h[ !y might divide ,! br&y1 s t ea* %\ld be suppli$ ,) j f\r gallons1 nei!r less nor m4 ,) eight1 & five1 & ?ree !y puzzle sore1 ,fill$ up ! five--fill$ up ! ?ree1 9 va92 ,at l5g? a happy ?\ght came o'er ! bra9 ,( "o3 'twas done1 & ea* w5t home cont5t1 ,& _! good dames decl>$ 'twas excell5t4 ,) ^? ?ree casks !y made division true2 ,i f\nd ! puzzle out1 say1 fri5d1 c y8 ,! five-gallon b>rel 0 fill$ fir/1 & f t ! ?ree-gallon b>rel1 ?us leav+ two gallons 9 ! five-gallon b>rel2 ! ?ree-gallon b>rel 0 !n empti$ into ! eight-gallon b>rel1 & ! two gallons p\r$ f ! five-gallon b>rel into ! empty ?ree-gallon b>rel2 ! five-gallon b>rel 0 !n fill$1 & "o gallon p\r$ into ! ?ree-gallon b>rel1 !re=e leav+ f\r gallons 9 ! five-gallon b>rel1 "o gallon 9 ! eight-gallon b>rel1 & ?ree gallons 9 ! ?ree-gallon b>rel1 :i* 0 !n empti$ into ! eight-gallon b>rel4 ,?us ea* p]son _h f\r gallons ( br&y 9 ! eight & five-gallon b>rels respectively4 ,,ari?metical ,,puzzle4 ,if f #f y take #i1 & f #i y take #aj2 & if #ej f #dj be tak51 !re w j half a doz5 rema94 ,,answ]4 ,f ,,six ,f ,,ix ,f ,,xl ,take ,,ix ,take ,x ,take ,l --- -- -- ,s ,i ,x ,rema9s4 ,,! ,,money ,,game4 ,a p]son hav+ 9 "o h& a piece ( gold1 & 9 ! o!r a piece ( silv]1 y may tell 9 :i* h& he has ! gold1 & 9 :i* ! silv]1 by ! foll[+ me?od3 ,"s value1 repres5t$ by an ev5 numb]1 su* z #h1 mu/ be assign$ to ! gold2 & a value repres5t$ by an odd numb]1 su* z ?ree1 mu/ be assign$ to ! silv]2 aft] :i*1 desire ! p]son to multiply ! numb] 9 ! "r h& by any ev5 numb] :atev]1 su* z #b1 & t 9 ! left by an odd numb]1 z #c2 !n bid him add toge!r ! two products1 & if ! :ole sum be odd1 ! gold w be 9 ! "r h&1 & ! silv] 9 ! left2 if ! sum be ev51 ! contr>y w be ! case4 ,to conceal ! artifice bett]1 x w be suffici5t to ask :e!r ! sum ( ! two products c be halv$ )\t a rema9d]2 = 9 t case ! total w be ev51 & 9 ! contr>y case odd4 ,x may be readily se51 t ! pieces1 in/ead ( be+ 9 ! two h&s ( ! same p]son1 may be suppos$ to be 9 ! h&s ( two p]sons1 "o ( :om has ! ev5 numb]1 or piece ( gold1 & ! o!r ! odd numb]1 or piece ( silv]4 ,! same op]ations may !n be p]=m$ 9 reg>d to ^! two p]sons1 z are p]=m$ 9 reg>d to ! two h&s ( ! same p]son1 call+ ! "o privately ! "r1 & ! o!r ! left4 ,,! ,,philosoph]',s ,,pupils4 ,to f9d a numb] ( :i* ! half1 f\r?1 & sev5? add$ to ?ree %all be equal to itself4 ,?is 0 a favorite problem among ! anci5t ,grecian ari?meticians1 :o /at$ ! "q 9 ! foll[+ mann]3 ,tell u1 illu/ri\s ,py?agoras1 h[ _m pupils frequ5t ?y s*ool8 ,"o half1 repli$ ! philosoph]1 /udy ma!matics1 "o f\r? natural philosophy1 "o sev5? obs]ve sil5ce1 & !re are ?ree females besides4 ,! answ] is1 #bh3 #ad #g #d #c #bh4 ,,to ,,discov] ,a ,,squ>e ,,numb]4 ,a squ>e numb] is a numb] produc$ by ! multiplication ( any numb] into itself2 ?us1 #d multipli$ by #d is equal to #af1 & #af is consequ5tly a squ>e numb]1 #d be+ ! squ>e root f :i* x spr+s4 ,! extraction ( ! squ>e root ( any numb] takes "s "t2 & aft] all y\r labor y may p]haps f9d t ! numb] is n a squ>e numb]4 ,to save ?is tr\ble1 x is wor? kn[+ t e squ>e numb] ends ei!r ) a #a1 #d1 #e1 #f1 or #i1 or ) two cyph]s1 prec$$ by "o ( ^! numb]s4 ,ano!r prop]ty ( a squ>e numb] is1 t if x be divid$ by #d1 ! rema9d]1 if any1 w be #a--?us1 ! squ>e ( #e is #be1 & #be divid$ by #d leaves a rema9d] ( #a2 & aga91 #af1 be+ a squ>e numb]1 c be divid$ by #d )\t leav+ a rema9d]4 ,,! ,,%eep-,,fold4 ,a f>m] _h a p5 made ( #ej hurdles1 capable ( hold+ #ajj %eep only2 suppos+ he want$ to make x suffici5tly l>ge to hold d\ble t numb]1 h[ _m additional hurdles w\ld he h occasion =8 ,answ]4--,two4 ,!re 7 #bd hurdles on ea* side ( ! p52 a hurdle at ! top1 & ano!r at ! bottom2 s t1 by mov+ "o ( ! sides a little back1 & plac+ an additional hurdle at ! top & bottom1 ! size ( ! p5 w\ld be exactly d\bl$4 ,,c\ntrywoman ,,& ,,eggs4 ,a c\ntrywoman c>ri$ eggs to a g>rison1 :]e %e _h ?ree gu>ds to pass1 sold to ! fir/ gu>d half ! numb] %e _h1 & half an egg m2 to ! second1 ! half ( :at rema9$1 & half an egg besides2 & to ! ?ird gu>d %e sold ! half ( ! rema9d]1 & half ano!r egg4 ,:5 %e arriv$ at ! m>ket-place1 %e _h ?ree doz5 /ill to sell2 h[ 0 ?is possible1 )\t break+ any ( ! eggs8 ,x w\ld seem at ! fir/ view t ?is is impossible1 = h[ c half an egg be sold )\t break+ any ( ! eggs8 ,! possibility ( ?is seem+ impossibility w be evid5t1 :5 x is consid]$1 t by tak+ ! great] half ( an odd numb]1 we take ! exact half #a_/b4 ,:5 ! c\ntrywoman pass$ ! fir/ gu>d1 %e _h #bie eggs2 by sell+ to t gu>d #adh1 :i* is ! half #a_/b1 %e _h #adg rema9+2 to ! second gu>d %e dispos$ ( #gd1 :i* is ! major half ( #adg2 &1 ( ( c\rse1 aft] sell+ #cg out ( #gd to ! la/ gu>d1 %e _h /ill ?ree doz5 rema9+4 ,,h[ ,,to ,,rub ,,out ,,tw5ty ,,*alks ,,at ,,five ,,times1 ,,rubb+ ,,out ,,e ,,"t ,,an ,,odd ,,"o4 ,to d ?is trick1 y mu/ make tw5ty *alks1 or long /rokes1 ^u a bo>d1 z 9 ! m>g93 #a ---- #b ---- #c ---- #d ---- #e ---- #f ---- #g ---- #h ---- #i ---- #aj ---- #aa ---- #ab ---- #ac ---- #ad ---- #ae ---- #af ---- #ag ---- #ah ---- #ai ---- #bj ---- ,!n beg9 & c\nt backw>ds1 z #bj1 #ai1 #ah1 #ag1 rub out ^! f\r2 !n proce$ say+1 #af1 #ae1 #ad1 #ac1 rub out ^! f\r2 & beg9 aga91 #ab1 #aa1 #aj1 #i1 & rub out ^!2 & proce$ aga91 #h1 #g1 #f1 #e1 !n rub out ^!2 & la/ly say1 #d1 #c1 #b1 #a1 :5 ^! f\r are rubb$ out4 ,! :ole tw5ty are rubb$ out at five times1 & e "t an odd "o1 t is1 #ag?1 #ac?1 #i?1 #e?1 & #a/4 ,?is is a trick :i*1 if once se51 may be easily reta9$2 & ! puzzle at fir/ is1 x n occurr+ imm$iately to ! m9d to beg9 to rub !m out backw>ds4 ,x is z simple z any ?+ possibly c be4 ,,! ,,impossible ,,triangle4 ,! longe/ side ( a triangle is #ajj rods2 & ea* ( ! o!r sides #ej4 ,requir$ ! value ( ! grass at #e p] acre4 ,?is is a cat* "q1 z a triangle _c be =m$ unless any two ( ! l9es are long] ?an ! ?ird4 ,,odd ,,or ,,ev54 ,e odd numb] multipli$ by an odd numb] produces an odd numb]2 e odd numb] multipli$ by an ev5 numb] produces an ev5 numb]2 & e ev5 numb] multipli$ by an ev5 numb] also produces an ev5 numb]4 ,s1 aga91 an ev5 numb] add$ to an ev5 numb]1 & an odd numb] add$ to an odd numb]1 produce an ev5 numb]2 :ile an odd & ev5 numb] add$ toge!r produce an odd numb]4 ,if any "o holds an odd numb] ( c\nt]s 9 "o h&1 & an ev5 numb] 9 ! o!r1 x is n difficult to discov] 9 :i* h& ! odd or ev5 numb] is4 ,desire ! p>ty to multiply ! numb] 9 ! "r h& by an ev5 numb]1 & t 9 ! left h& by an odd numb]1 !n to add ! two sums toge!r1 & tell y ! la/ figure ( ! product2 if x is ev51 ! odd numb] w be 9 ! "r h&2 & if odd1 9 ! left h&2 ?us1 suppos+ !re are #e c\nt]s 9 ! "r h&1 & #d 9 ! left h&1 multiply #e by #b1 & #d by #c1 ?us3 #e #b #aj1 #d #c #ab1 & !n add+ #aj to #ab1 y h #aj #ab #bb1 ! la/ figure ( :i*1 #b1 is ev51 & ! odd numb] w consequ5tly be 9 ! "r h&4 ,,! ,,figures1 ,,up ,,to #ajj1 ,,arrang$ ,,s ,,z ,,to ,,make #eje ,,9 ,,ea* ,,column1 ,,:5 ,,c\nt$ ,,9 ,,t5 ,,columns ,,p]p5dicul>ly1 ,,& ,,! ,,same ,,:5 ,,c\nt$ ,,9 ,,t5 ,,files ,,horizontally4 ---------------------------------------- - #aj #ib #ic #g #e #if #d #ih #ii #a #aa #ai #ah #hd #he #hf #hg #ac #ab #ij #ga #bi #bh #gg #gf #ge #bd #bc #bb #hj #gj #fb #fc #cg #cf #ce #cd #fh #fi #ca #da #eb #ec #dd #df #de #dg #eh #ei #fj #ea #db #dc #ed #ef #ee #eg #dh #di #ej #dj #cb #cc #fg #fe #ff #fd #ch #ci #fa #cj #gi #gh #bg #bf #be #gd #gc #gb #ba #ha #hi #hh #ad #ae #af #ag #hc #hb #bj #ajj #i #h #id #ie #f #ig #c #b #ia ---------------------------------------- - ,sid5ote3 ,ea* ( ^! files1 :5 add$ up1 makes #eje4 ,ea* ( ^! t5 columns1 :5 add$ up1 makes #eje4 ,,! ,,old ,,woman ,,& ,,h] ,,eggs4 ,at a "t :5 eggs 7 sc>ce1 an old woman :o possess$ "s rem>kably good-lay+ h5s1 wi%+ to oblige h] neighbors1 s5t h] daught] r\nd ) a basket ( eggs to ?ree ( !m2 at ! fir/ h\se1 :i* 0 ! squire's1 %e left half ! numb] ( eggs %e _h & half a "o ov]2 at ! second %e left half ( :at rema9$ & half an egg ov]2 & at ! ?ird %e aga9 left half ( ! rema9d]1 & half a "o ov]2 %e return$ ) "o egg 9 h] basket1 n hav+ brok5 any4 ,requir$--! numb] %e set out )4 ,ans4 #ae eggs4 ,,! ,,ma!matical ,,=tune ,,tell]4 ,procure six c>ds1 & hav+ rul$ !m ! same z ! foll[+ diagrams1 write 9 ! figures neatly & legibly4 ,x is requir$ to tell ! numb] ?\ght by any p]son1 ! numb]s be+ conta9$ 9 ! c>ds1 & su* numb]s n to exce$ #fj4 ,h[ is ?is done8 ------------------------ ------------------------ #c #e #g #i #aa #a #e #f #g #ac #ab #d ------------------------ ------------------------ #ac #ae #ag #ai #ba #bc #ad #ae #bj #ba #bb #bc ------------------------ ------------------------ #be #bg #bi #ca #cc #ce #bh #bi #cj #ca #cf #cg ------------------------ ------------------------ #cg #ci #da #dc #de #dg #eb #ch #ci #dd #de #df ------------------------ ------------------------ #di #ea #ec #ee #eg #ei #dg #ec #ed #ee #fj #ac ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ #i #aj #aa #ab #ac #h #c #f #g #aj #aa #b ------------------------ ------------------------ #ad #ae #bd #be #bf #bg #ad #ae #ah #ai #bb #bc ------------------------ ------------------------ #bh #bi #cj #ca #dj #da #bf #bg #cj #ca #cd #ce ------------------------ ------------------------ #db #dc #dd #de #df #dg #ch #ci #db #dc #df #dg ------------------------ ------------------------ #ef #eg #eh #ei #fj #ac #ej #ea #ed #ee #eh #ei ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------ #ag #ah #ai #bj #ba #af #cc #cd #ce #cf #cg #cb ------------------------ ------------------------ #bb #bc #bd #be #bf #bg #ch #ci #dj #da #db #dc ------------------------ ------------------------ #bh #bi #cj #ca #dh #di #dd #de #df #dg #dh #di ------------------------ ------------------------ #ej #ea #eb #ec #ed #ee #ej #ea #eb #ec #ed #ee ------------------------ ------------------------ #ef #eg #eh #ei #cj #fj #ef #eg #eh #ei #fj #da ------------------------ ------------------------ ,reque/ ! p]son to give y ! c>ds conta9+ ! numb]1 & !n add ! "r h& upp] corn] figures toge!r1 :i* w give ! correct answ]4 ,= example3 suppose #aj is ! numb] ?\ght (1 ! c>ds ) #b & #h 9 ! corn]s w be giv51 :i* makes ! answ] #aj1 & s on ) ! o!rs4 ,,! ,,dice ,,guess$ ,,unse54 ,a pair ( dice be+ ?r[n1 to f9d ! numb] ( po9ts on ea* die )\t see+ !m4 ,tell ! p]son :o ca/ ! dice to d\ble ! numb] ( po9ts ^u "o ( !m1 & add #e to x2 !n to multiply ! sum produc$ by #e1 & to add to ! product ! numb] ( po9ts ^u ! o!r die4 ,?is be+ done1 desire him to tell y ! am\nt1 &1 hav+ ?r[n out #be1 ! rema9d] w be a numb] consi/+ ( two figures1 ! fir/ ( :i*1 to ! left1 is ! numb] ( po9ts on ! fir/ die1 & ! second figure1 to ! "r1 ! numb] on ! o!r4 ,?us3 ,suppose ! numb] ( po9ts ( ! fir/ die :i* comes up to be #b1 & t ( ! o!r #c2 !n1 if to f\r1 ! d\ble ( ! po9ts ( ! fir/1 !re be add$ #e1 & ! sum produc$1 #i1 be multipli$ by #e1 ! product w be #de2 to :i*1 if #c1 ! numb] ( po9ts on ! o!r die1 be add$1 #dh w be produc$1 f :i*1 if #be be subtract$1 #bc w rema92 ! fir/ figure ( :i* is #b1 ! numb] ( po9ts on ! fir/ die1 & ! second figure #c1 ! numb] on ! o!r4 ,,! ,,sov]eign ,,& ,,! ,,sage4 ,a sov]eign be+ desir\s to conf] a lib]al rew>d on "o ( 8 c\rti]s1 :o _h p]=m$ "s v important s]vice1 desir$ him to ask :atev] he ?\ght prop]1 assur+ him x %\ld be grant$4 ,! c\rti]1 :o 0 well acqua9t$ ) ! sci5ce ( numb]s1 only reque/$ t ! mon>* w\ld give him a quantity ( :eat equal to t :i* w\ld arise f "o gra9 d\bl$ sixty-?ree times successively4 ,! value ( ! rew>d 0 imm5se2 = x w be f\nd by calculation t ! sixty-f\r? t]m ( ! d\ble progression divid$ by #a1 #b1 #d1 #h1 #af1 #cb1 c41 is #ibbccgbjcfhedggehjh4 ,b ! sum ( all ! t]ms ( a d\ble progression1 beg9n+ ) #a1 may be obta9$ by d\bl+ ! la/ t]m1 & subtract+ f x #a4 ,! numb] ( ! gra9s ( :eat1 !re=e1 9 ! pres5t case1 w be #ahddfgddjgcgjieeafae4 ,n[1 if a p9t conta9 #ibaf gra9s ( :eat1 a gallon w conta9 #gcgbh2 &1 z eight gallons make "o bu%el1 if we divide ! above result by eight times #gcgbh we %all h #cabgdiigdaabie = ! numb] ( ! bu%els ( :eat equal to ! above numb] ( gra9s1 a quantity great] ?an :at ! :ole surface ( ! e>? c\ld produce 9 sev]al ye>s1 & :i* 9 value w\ld exce$ all ! ri*es1 p]haps1 on ! globe4 ,,! ,,kn[+ ,,%eph]d4 ,a %eph]d 0 go+ to m>ket ) "s %eep1 :5 he met a man :o said to him1 ,good morn+1 fri5d1 ) y\r score4 ,no1 said ! %eph]d1 ,i h n a score2 b if ,i _h z _m m1 half z _m m1 & two %eep & a half1 ,i %\ld h j a score4 ,h[ _m %eep _h he8 ,he _h #g %eep3 z _m m #g2 half z _m m1 #c2 & #b2 mak+ 9 all #bj4 ,,! ,,c]ta9 ,,game4 ,two p]sons agree to take1 alt]nately1 numb]s less ?an a giv5 numb]1 = example1 #aa1 & to add !m toge!r till "o ( !m has rea*$ a c]ta9 sum1 su* z #ajj4 ,by :at means c "o ( !m infallibly atta9 to t numb] be=e ! o!r8 ,! :ole artifice 9 ?is consi/s 9 imm$iately mak+ *oice ( ! numb]s #a1 #ab1 #bc1 #cd1 & s on1 or ( a s]ies :i* cont9ually increases by #aa1 up to #ajj4 ,let u suppose t ! fir/ p]son1 :o kn[s ! game1 makes *oice ( #a2 x is evid5t t 8 adv]s>y1 z he mu/ c\nt less ?an #aa1 c at mo/ rea* #aa1 by add+ #aj to x4 ,! fir/ w !n take #a1 :i* w make #ab2 & :atev] numb] ! second may add ! fir/ w c]ta9ly w91 provid$ he cont9ually add ! numb] :i* =ms ! complem5t ( t ( 8 adv]s>y to #aa2 t is to say1 if ! latt] take #h1 he mu/ take #c2 if #i1 he mu/ take #b2 & s on4 ,by foll[+ ?is me?od he w infallibly atta9 to #hi1 & x w !n be impossible = ! second to prev5t him f gett+ fir/ to #ajj2 = :atev] numb] ! second takes he c atta9 only to #ii2 aft] :i* ! fir/ may say--& #a makes #ajj4 ,if ! second take #a aft] #hi1 x w\ld make #ij1 & 8 adv]s>y w\ld f9i% by say+--& #aj make #ajj4 ,betwe5 two p]sons :o are equally acqua9t$ ) ! game1 he :o beg9s mu/ necess>ily w94 ,,! ,,a/oni%$ ,,f>m]4 ,a & ,b took ea* #cj pigs to m>ket1 ,a sold 8 at #c = a doll>1 ,b at #b = a doll>1 & toge!r !y receiv$ #be4 ,a aft]w>ds took #fj alone1 :i* he sold z be=e1 at #e = #b1 & receiv$1 b #bd2 :at became ( ! o!r doll>8 ,?is is r a cat* "q1 ! ins9uation t ! fir/ lot 7 sold at ! rate ( five = #b1 be+ only true 9 "p4 ,!y comm5ce sell+ at t rate1 b aft] mak+ t5 sales1 ,a's pigs are exhau/$1 & !y h receiv$ #bj3 ,b /ill has #aj :i* he sells at #b = a doll> & ( c\rse receives #e2 :]eas _h he sold !m at ! rate ( #e = #b1 he w\ld h receiv$ b #d4 ,h5ce ! difficulty is easily settl$4 ,,magical ,,c5tury4 ,if ! numb] #aa be multipli$ by any "o ( ! n9e digits1 ! two figures ( ! product w always be alike1 z appe>s 9 ! foll[+ example3-- #aa #aa #aa #aa #aa #aa #aa #aa #aa #a #b #c #d #e #f #g #h #i -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- #aa #bb #cc #dd #ee #ff #gg #hh #ii -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ,n[1 if ano!r p]son & y\rself h fifty c\nt]s a-piece1 & agree nev] to /ake m ?an t5 at a "t1 y may tell him t if he p]mit y to /ake fir/1 y always complete ! ev5 c5tury be=e him4 ,9 ord] to succe$1 y mu/ fir/ /ake #a1 & rememb]+ ! ord] ( ! above s]ies1 con/antly add to :at he /akes z _m z w make "o m ?an ! numb]s #aa1 #bb1 #cc1 c41 ( :i* x is compos$1 till y come to #hi1 aft] :i* y\r oppon5t _c possibly rea* ! ev5 c5tury himself1 or prev5t y f rea*+ x4 ,if y\r oppon5t has no k ( numb]s1 y may /ake any o!r numb] fir/1 "u #aj1 provid$ y subsequ5tly take c>e to secure "o ( ! la/ t]ms1 #ef1 #fg1 #gh1 c42 or y may ev5 let him /ake fir/1 if y take c>e aft]w>d to secure "o ( ^! numb]s4 ,?is ex]cise may be p]=m$ ) o!r numb]s2 b1 9 ord] to succe$1 y mu/ divide ! numb] to be atta9$ by a numb] :i* is a unit great] ?an :at y c /ake ea* "t1 & ! rema9d] w !n be ! numb] y mu/ fir/ /ake4 ,suppose1 = example1 ! numb] to be atta9$ be #eb 7mak+ use ( a pack ( c>ds in/ead ( c\nt]s71 & t y are nev] to add m ?an #f2 !n1 divid+ #eb by #g1 ! rema9d]1 :i* is #c1 w be ! numb] :i* y mu/ fir/ /ake2 & :atev] y\r oppon5t /akes1 y mu/ add z mu* to x z w make x equal to #g1 ! numb] by :i* y divid$1 & s 9 cont9uation4 ,,! ,,unlucky ,,hatt]4 ,a blackleg pass+ ?r\gh a t[n 9 ,ohio1 b\ght a hat = #h & gave 9 paym5t a #ej bill4 ,! hatt] call$ on a m]*ant ne> by1 :o *ang$ ! note = him1 & ! blackleg hav+ receiv$ 8 #db *ange w5t 8 way4 ,! next day ! m]*ant discov]$ ! note to be a c\nt]feit1 & call$ ^u ! hatt]1 :o 0 compell$ =?) to borr[ #ej ( ano!r fri5d to r$eem x )2 b on turn+ to se>* = ! blackleg he _h left t[n1 s t ! note 0 useless on ! hatt]'s h&s4 ,! "q is1 :at did he lose--0 x #ej besides ! hat1 or 0 x #ej includ+ ! hat8 ,?is "q is g5]ally giv5 ) names & circum/ances z a real transaction1 & if ! company kn[s su* p]sons s mu* ! bett]1 z x s]ves to )draw att5tion f ! "q2 & 9 almo/ e case ! fir/ impression is1 t ! hatt] lo/ #ej besides ! hat1 ?\gh x is evid5t he 0 paid = ! hat1 & _h he kept ! #h he ne$$ only to h borr[$ #db additional to r$eem ! note4 ,,! ,,basket ,,( ,,nuts4 ,a p]son rem>k$ t :5 he c\nt$ ov] 8 basket ( nuts1 two by two1 ?ree by ?ree1 f\r by f\r1 five by five1 or six by six1 !re 0 "o rema9+2 b :5 he c\nt$ !m by sev5s1 !re 0 no rema9d]4 ,h[ _m _h he8 ,! lea/ common multiple ( #b1 #c1 #d1 #e1 & #f be+ #fj1 x is evid5t1 t if #fa 7 divisible by #g1 x w\ld answ] ! conditions ( ! "q4 ,?is n be+ ! case1 h[ev]1 let #fj #b #a1 #fj #c #a1 #fj #d #a1 c41 be tri$ successively1 & x w be f\nd t #cja #fj #e #a1 is divisible by #g2 & consequ5tly ?is numb] answ]s ! conditions ( ! "q4 ,if to ?is we add #dbj1 ! lea/ common multiple ( #b1 #c1 #d1 #e1 #f & #g1 ! sum #gba w be ano!r answ]2 & by add+ p]petually #dbj1 we may f9d z _m answ]s z we please4 ,,! ,,unit$ ,,digits4 ,arrange ! figures #a to #i 9 su* ord] t1 by add+ !m toge!r1 !y am\nt to #ajj4 #ae #cf #dg -- #ih #b --- #ajj ,,decemb] ,,& ,,may4 ,an old man m>ri$ a "y woman2 _! unit$ ages am\nt$ to ,c4 ,! man's age multipli$ by #d & divid$ by #i1 gives ! woman's age4 ,:at 7 _! respective ages8 ,,answ]4--,! man's age1 #fj ye>s #ab weeks2 ! woman's age1 #cj ye>s #dj weeks4 ,,! ,,two ,,drov]s4 ,two drov]s1 ,a & ,b1 meet+ on ! road1 began disc\rs+ ab\t ! numb] ( %eep !y ea* _h4 ,says ,b to ,a1 ,pray give me "o ( y\r %eep & ,i w h z _m z y4 ,nay1 repli$ ,a1 b give me "o ( y\r %eep & ,i w h z _m aga9 z y4 ,requir$ to "k ! numb] ( %eep !y ea* _h8 ,a _h sev5 & ,b _h five %eep4 ,,! ,,basket ,,& ,,/ones4 ,if a hundr$ /ones be plac$ 9 a /raight l9e1 at ! di/ance ( a y>d f ea* o!r1 ! fir/ be+ at ! same di/ance f a basket1 h[ _m y>ds mu/ ! p]son walk :o engages to pick !m up1 "o by "o1 & put !m into ! basket8 ,x is evid5t t1 to pick up ! fir/ /one1 & put x into ! basket1 ! p]son mu/ walk two y>ds2 = ! second1 he mu/ walk f\r2 = ! ?ird1 six3 & s on increas+ by two1 to ! hundr$?4 ,! numb] ( y>ds1 !re=e1 :i* ! p]son mu/ walk w be equal to ! sum ( ! progression1 #b1 #d1 #f1 c41 ! la/ t]m ( :i* is #bjj 7#bb74 ,b ! sum ( ! progression is equal to #bjb1 ! sum ( ! two extremes1 multipli$ by #ej1 or half ! numb] ( t]ms3 t is to say1 #aj1ajj y>ds1 :i* makes m ?an #e miles4 ,,! ,,fam\s ,,=ty-,,five4 ,h[ c numb] #de be divid$ into f\r su* p>ts t1 if to ! fir/ "p y add #b1 f ! second "p y subtract #b1 ! ?ird "p y multiply by #b1 & ! f\r? "p y divide by #b1 ! sum ( ! addition1 ! rema9d] ( ! subtraction1 ! product ( ! multiplication1 & ! quoti5t ( ! division be all equal8 ,! #a/ is #h2 to :i* add #b1 ! sum is #aj ,! #bnd is #ab2 subtract #b1 ! rema9d] is #aj ,! #crd is #e2 multipli$ by #b1 ! product is #aj ,! #d? is #bj2 divid$ by #b1 ! quoti5t is #aj -- #de ,requir$ to subtract #de f #de1 & leave #de z a rema9d]8 ,solution4--#i #h #g #f #e #d #c #b #a #de #a #b #c #d #e #f #g #h #i #de -------------------------------------- #h #f #d #a #i #g #e #c #b #de ,,subtraction4 ,f #a mile subtract #g furlongs1 #ci rods1 #e y>ds1 #a foot1 #e in*es4 miles1 furlongs1 rods1 y>ds1 feet1 in*es4 ,f #a #j #j #j #j #j ,take #j #g #ci #e #a #e -------------------------------------- #j #j #j #j #j #a ,9 ?is problem1 in/ead ( borr[+ #a foot1 we borr[ a foot #f in*es1 f :i* we take #e in*es1 & #a rema9s2 we !n c>ry to #a1 & borr[+ a y>d #a feet1 we h #a f #a #j1 & aft]w>ds proce$ z usual4 ,,! ,,expung$ ,,figure4 ,9 ! fir/ place desire a p]son to write d[n secretly1 9 a l9e1 any numb] ( figures he may *oose1 & add !m toge!r z units2 hav+ done ?is1 tell him to subtract t sum f ! l9e ( figures orig9ally set d[n2 !n desire him to /rike out any figure he pleases1 & add ! rema9+ figures 9 ! l9e toge!r z units1 7z 9 ! fir/ in/ance17 & in=m y ( ! result1 :5 y w tell him ! figure he has /ruck out4 #gfedb-bd #bd ------ #gfeah ,suppose1 = example1 ! figures put d[n are #gfedb2 ^!1 add$ toge!r1 z units1 make a total ( #bd3 d$uct #bd f ! fir/ l9e1 & #gfeah rema92 if #e1 ! c5t] figure be /ruck out1 ! total w be #bb4 ,if #h1 ! fir/ figure be /ruck out1 #ai w be ! total4 ,9 ord] to asc]ta9 :i* figure has be5 /ruck out1 y make a m5tal sum "o multiple ( #i high] ?an ! total giv54 ,if #bb be giv5 z ! total1 !n #c times #i are #bg1 & #bb f #bg %[ t #e 0 /ruck out4 ,if #ai be giv51 t sum d$uct$ f #bg %[s #h4 ,%\ld ! total be equal multiplies ( #i1 z #ah1 #bg1 #cf1 !n #i has be5 expung$4 ,) v little practice any p]son may p]=m ?is ) rapidity1 x is !re=e ne$less to give any fur!r examples4 ,! only way 9 :i* a p]son c fail 9 solv+ ?is riddle is1 :5 ei!r ! numb] #i or a ciph] is /ruck out1 z x !n becomes impossible to tell :i* ( ! two x is1 ! sum ( ! figure 9 ! l9e be+ an ev5 numb] ( n9es 9 bo? cases4 ,,! ,,my/]i\s ,,addition4 ,x is requir$ to "n ! quoti5t ( five or ?ree l9es ( figures--ea* l9e consi/+ ( five or m figures--only see+ ! fir/ l9e be=e ! o!r l9es are ev5 put d[n4 ,any p]son may write d[n ! fir/ l9e ( figures = y4 ,h[ d y f9d ! quoti5t8 ,,example4--,:5 ! fir/ l9e ( figures is set d[n1 subtract #b f ! la/ "r-h& figure1 & place x be=e ! fir/ figure ( ! l9e1 & t is ! quoti5t = five l9es4 ,= example1 suppose ! figures giv5 are #hf1bad1 ! quoti5t w be #bhf1bab4 ,y may all[ any p]son to put d[n ! two fir/ & ! f\r? l9es1 b y mu/ always set d[n ! ?ird & fif? l9es1 & 9 do+ s1 always make up #i ) ! l9e above1 z 9 ! foll[+ example3 ,!re=e 9 ! annex$ diagram y w see t y h made #i 9 ! ?ird & fif? l9es ) ! l9es above !m4 ,if ! p]son desire to put d[n ! figures %\ld set d[n a #a or #j = ! la/ figure1 y mu/ say we w h ano!r figure1 & ano!r1 & s on until he sets d[n some?+ above #a or #b4 #hf1bad #db1fhj #eg1cai #fb1hed #cg1ade ------ ,qt4 #bfh1bab #fg1hef #dg1bah #eb1gha ------ ,qt4 #afg1hee ,9 solv+ ! puzzle ) ?ree l9es1 y subtract #a f ! la/ figure1 & place x be=e ! fir/ figure1 & make up ! ?ird l9e y\rself to #i4 ,= example3 #fg1hef is giv51 & ! quoti5t w be #afg1hee1 z %[n 9 ! above diagram4 ,,to ,,tell ,,at ,,:at ,,h\r ,a ,,p]son ,,int5ds ,,to ,,rise4 ,let ! p]son set ! h& ( ! dial ( a wat* at any h\r he pleases1 & tell y :at h\r t is2 & to ! numb] ( t h\r y add 9 y\r m9d #ab2 !n tell him to c\nt privately ! numb] ( t am\nt ^u ! dial1 beg9n+ ) ! next h\r to t on :i* he proposes to rise1 & c\nt+ backw>ds1 fir/ reckon+ ! numb] ( ! h\r at :i* he has plac$ ! h&4 ,= example3 ,suppose ! h\r at :i* he int5ds to rise be #h1 & t he has plac$ ! h& at #e2 y w add #ab to #e1 & tell him to c\nt #ag on ! dial1 fir/ reckon+ #e1 ! h\r at :i* ! index /&s1 & c\nt+ backw>ds f ! h\r at :i* he int5ds to rise2 & ! numb] #ag w necess>ily end at #h1 :i* %[s t to be ! h\r he *ose4 ,,to ,,f9d ,,! ,,diff]5ce ,,betwe5 ,,two ,,numb]s1 ,,! ,,greate/ ,,( ,,:i* ,,is ,,unkn[n4 ,take z _m n9es z !re are figures 9 ! smalle/ numb]1 & subtract t sum f ! numb] ( n9es4 ,let ano!r p]son add ! diff]5ce to ! l>ge/ numb]1 & talk+ away ! fir/ figure ( ! am\nt add x to ! la/ figure1 & t sum w be ! diff]5ce ( ! two numb]s4 ,= example3 ,john1 :o is #bb1 tells ,?omas1 :o is old]1 t he c discov] ! diff]5ce ( _! ages2 he !re=e privately d$ucts #bb f #ii 78 age consi/+ ( two figures1 he ( c\rse takes two n9es72 ! diff]5ce1 :i* is #gg1 he tells ,?omas to add to 8 age1 & to take away ! fir/ figure f ! am\nt1 & add x to ! la/ figure & t w be ! diff]5ce ( _! ages2 ?us1 ,! diff]5ce betwe5 ,john's age & #ii is #gg ,to :i* ,?omas add+ 8 age #ce --- ,! sum is #aab ,!n by tak+ away ! fir/ figure #a1 & add+ x to ! figure #b1 ! sum is #ac ,:i* add to ,john's age #bb --- ,gives ! age ( ,?omas #ce ,,! ,,rema9d]4 ,a v pleas+ way to arrive at an ari?metical sum1 )\t ! use ( ei!r slate or p5cil1 is to ask a p]son to ?9k ( a figure1 !n to d\ble x1 !n add a c]ta9 figure to x1 n[ halve ! :ole sum1 & f9ally to subtract f t ! figure fir/ ?\ght (4 ,y are !n to tell ! ?9k] :at is ! rema9d]4 ,! key to ?is lock ( figures is1 t ,,half ( :atev] sum y reque/ to be add$ dur+ ! work+ ( ! sum is ,,! ,,rema9d]4 ,9 ! example giv51 five is ! half ( t51 ! numb] reque/$ to be add$4 ,any am\nt may be add$1 b ! op]ation is simplifi$ by giv+ only ev5 numb]s1 z !y w divide )\t fractions4 ,example4 ,?9k ( #g ,d\ble x #ad ,add #aj to x #aj --- ,halve x #b7bd --- ,:i* w leave #ab ,subtract ! numb] ?\ght ( #g --- ,,! ,,rema9d] w be #e ,a ,,p]son ,,hav+ ,,an ,,equal ,,numb] ,,( ,,c\nt]s1 ,,or ,,pieces ,,( ,,money1 ,,9 ,,ea* ,,h&1 ,,to ,,f9d ,,h[ ,,_m ,,he ,,has ,,altoge!r4 ,reque/ ! p]son to convey any numb]1 z #d1 = example1 f ! "o h& to ! o!r1 & !n ask h[ _m times ! less numb] is conta9$ 9 ! great]4 ,let u suppose t he says ! "o is ! triple ( ! o!r2 &1 9 ?is case1 multiply #d1 ! numb] ( ! c\nt]s convey$1 by #c1 & add to ! product ! same numb]1 :i* w make #af4 ,la/ly1 take #a f #c1 & if #af be divid$ by ! rema9d] #b1 ! quoti5t w be ! numb] conta9$ 9 ea* h&1 & consequ5tly ! :ole numb] is #af4 ,?is curi\s problem des]ves ano!r example4 ,let u aga9 suppose t #d c\nt]s are pass$ f "o h& to ! o!r1 & ! less numb] is conta9$ 9 ! great] #b times4 ,9 ?is case1 we mu/1 z be=e1 multiply #d by #b1 :i* w give #i2 to :i*1 if #d be add$1 we %all h #ac1 or #dj_/c2 if #a1 !n1 be tak5 f #b1 ! rema9d] w be #a1 or #d_/c1 by :i*1 if #dj_/c be divid$1 ! quoti5t #aj w be ! numb] ( c\nt]s 9 ea* h&4 ,,! ,,?ree ,,jeal\s ,,husb&s4 ,?ree jeal\s husb&s1 ,a1 ,b1 & ,c1 ) _! wives1 be+ ready to pass by night ov] a riv]1 f9d at ! wat] side a boat :i* c c>ry b two at a "t1 & = want ( a wat]man !y are compell$ to r[ !mselves ov] ! riv] at sev]al times4 ,! "q is h[ ^? six p]sons %all pass1 two at a "t1 s t none ( ! ?ree wives may be f\nd 9 ! company ( "o or two m51 unless h] husb& be pres5t8 ,?is may be effect$ 9 two or ?ree ways2 ! foll[+ may be z good z any3 ,let ,a & wife g ov]--let ,a return--let ,b's & ,c's wives g ov]--,a's wife returns--,b & ,c g ov]--,b & wife return1 ,a & ,b g ov]--,c's wife returns1 & ,a's & ,b's wives g ov]--!n ,c comes back = 8 wife4 ,simple z ?is "q may appe>1 x is f\nd 9 ! works ( ,alcu91 :o fl\ri%$ a ?\s& ye>s ago1 hundr$s ( ye>s be=e ! art ( pr9t+ 0 inv5t$4 ,,! ,,false ,,scales4 ,a *eese be+ put into "o ( ! scales ( a false balance1 0 f\nd to weigh #af lbs41 & :5 put into ! o!r only #i lbs4 ,:at is ! true weight8 ,! true weight is a mean proportional betwe5 ! two false ones1 & is f\nd by extract+ ! squ>e root ( _! product4 ,?us #af #i #add2 & squ>e root #add #ab lbs41 ! weight requir$4 ,,! ,,apple ,,woman4 ,a poor woman1 c>ry+ a basket ( apples1 0 met by ?ree boys1 ! fir/ ( :om b\ght half ( :at %e _h1 & !n gave h] back #aj2 ! second boy b\ght a ?ird ( :at rema9$1 & gave h] back #b2 & ! ?ird b\ght half ( :at %e _h n[ left1 & return$ h] #a2 aft] :i* %e f\nd %e _h #ab apples rema9+4 ,:at numb] _h %e at fir/8 ,f ! #ab rema9+1 d$uct #a1 & #aa is ! numb] %e sold ! la/ boy1 :i* 0 half %e _h2 h] numb] at t "t1 !re=e1 0 #bb4 ,f #bb d$uct two1 & ! rema9+ #bj 0 #b_/c ( h] prior /ock1 :i* 0 !re=e #cj4 ,f #cj d$uct #aj1 & ! rema9d] #bj is half h] orig9al /ock2 consequ5tly %e _h at fir/ #dj apples4 ,,! ,,graces ,,& ,,muses4 ,! ?ree ,graces1 c>ry+ ea* an equal numb] ( oranges1 7 met by ! n9e ,muses1 :o ask$ = "s ( !m2 & ea* ,grace hav+ giv5 to ea* ,muse ! same numb]1 x 0 !n f\nd t !y _h all equal %>es4 ,h[ _m _h ! ,graces at fir/8 ,! lea/ numb] t w answ] ?is "q is twelve2 = if we suppose t ea* ,grace gave "o to ea* ,muse1 ! latt] w\ld ea* h ?ree1 & !re w\ld rema9 ?ree = ea* ,grace4 7,any multiple ( #ab w answ] ! conditions ( ! "q47 ,,! ,,jesuitical ,,tea*]4 ,a tea*]1 hav+ fifte5 "y ladies "u h] c>e1 wi%$ !m to take a walk ea* day ( ! week4 ,!y 7 to walk 9 five divisions ( ?ree ladies ea*1 b no two ladies 7 to be all[$ to walk toge!r twice dur+ ! week4 ,h[ c\ld !y be arrang$ to suit ! above conditions8 ,,sun4 ,,mon4 ,,tues4 ,,w$n4 ,,?urs4 ,,frid4 ,,sat4 a b ca d ga k na e la h oa f pa i m d e fb e hb l ob f mb i pb d nb g k g h ic m pc f ic g nc d kc h lc e o k l mf k od h md i oe m ne i kd l p n o pi l ne g ph k pf g lg m oh f n ,,qua9t ,,que/ions4 ,:at is ! diff]5ce betwe5 tw5ty f\r qu>t bottles1 & f\r & tw5ty qu>t bottles8 ,ans4--#ef qu>ts diff]5ce4 ,:at ?ree figures1 multipli$ by #d1 w make precisely #e8 ,ans4--#a1 or #abe4 ,:at is ! diff]5ce betwe5 six doz5 doz51 & half-a-doz5 doz58 ,ans4--#gib3 ,six doz5 doz5 be+ #hfd1 & half-a-doz5 doz51 #gb4 ,place ?ree sixes toge!r1 s z to make sev54 ,ans4--#f_/4 ,add "o to n9e & make x tw5ty4 ,ans4 ,,ix--cross ! #a1 x makes ,,xx4 ,place f\r fives s z to make six & a half4 ,ans4--#e_/ #e4 ,a room ) eight corn]s _h a cat 9 ea* corn]1 sev5 cats be=e ea* cat1 & a cat on e cat's tail4 ,:at 0 ! total numb] ( cats8 ,ans4--,eight cats4 ,prove t sev5 is ! half ( twelve4 ,ans4--,place ! ,roman figures on a piece ( pap]1 & draw a l9e ?r\gh ! middle ( x1 ! upp] w be ,,vii4 ,,! ,,fox1 ,,goose ,,& ,,corn4 ,a c\ntryman hav+ a ,fox1 a ,goose1 & a peck ( ,corn1 came to a riv]1 :]e x s happ5$ t he c\ld c>ry b "o ov] at a "t4 ,n[ z no two 7 to be left toge!r t might de/roy ea* o!r1 he 0 at 8 wit's end1 = says he ,?\gh ! corn c't eat ! goose1 nor ! goose eat ! fox2 yet ! fox c eat ! goose1 & ! goose eat ! corn4 ,h[ %all he c>ry !m ov]1 t !y %all n de/roy ea* o!r8 ,let him fir/ take ov] ! ,goose1 leav+ ! ,fox & ,corn2 !n let him take ov] ! ,fox & br+ ! ,goose back2 !n take ov] ! ,corn2 & la/ly take ov] ! ,goose aga94 ,,multiply+ ,,money ,,by ,,money4 ,among/ ! v>i\s que/ions t are giv5 = ! purpose ( puzzl+ ! unw>y ari?metician1 ! multiplication ( money by money is "o ( ! mo/ curi\s3 take = in/ance ! foll[+ problems3 ,multiply #ii #ais4 #aa-c_/d;d4 by #ii #ais4 #aa-c_/d;d4 ,multiply #aa #aas4 #aa;d4 by #aa #aas4 #aa;d4 ,to ! un9itiat$ !y usually appe> easy ( solution b ! v>i\s modes ( work+ !m out1 & ! diff]5t results obta9$1 prove t !re is some?+ absurd & wrong 9 ! que/ions !mselves4 ,"s r$uce all to f>?+s1 & aft] multiply+ "o t]m by ! o!r1 return ! product into p\nds1 %ill+s1 & p5ce4 ,o!rs conv]t !m into decimals2 :il/ "s "w ! problem 9 ! /yle ( duodecimals4 ,hav+ suffici5tly puzzl$ ! tyros1 ! qu]i/ rem>ks3 ,! problem itself is absurd1 x is incapable ( solution2 = :at is ! nature ( ! product ( p\nds1 %ill+s1 & p5ce multipli$ by p\nds1 %ill+s & p5ce8 ,we "k t a y>d multipli$ by a y>d is a squ>e y>d1 b :o c tell :at is a p5ny multipli$ by a p5ny1 or a p5ny by a p\nd8 ,n[ all ?is is q correct1 provid$ ! "q is limit$1 z above to ! product ( p\nds1 %ill+s1 & p5ce1 into p\nds1 %ill+s1 & p5ce2 b suppose ! problem 7 put 9 ?is =m--,if a capital ( #a produces by comp\nd int]e/1 9 a c]ta9 "t1 #ii #ais4 #aa;d41 h[ mu* w\ld be produc$ by a capital ( #ii #ais4 #aa;d48 ,x is evid5t t1 to answ] ?is1 we mu/ multiply #ii #ais4 #aa;d4 by #ii #ais4 #aa;d43 ^! are 9 fact ! second &1 ?ird t]ms ( an ord9>y rule ( ?ree2 & ?\gh "o ( ! t]ms is a concrete quantity ( p\nds1 %ill+s1 & p5ce1 ! o!r mu/ be reg>d$ z an ab/ract ma!matical quantity1 be+ #ii & a fraction1 ( :i* ! numb] ( f>?+s 9 a p\nd is ! d5om9ator #ifj1 & ! numb] ( f>?+s 9 ! ?ird t]m is ! num]ator1 #iei2 or1 in/ead ( ?is1 ! %ill+s & p5ce might be conv]t$ into decimals ( a p\nd1 or into aliquot p>ts4 ,! product ( multiply+ #ii #ais4 #aa;d4 by #ii-iei_/ifj is #i1iii #aes4 #aj #a_/chdj;d42 ! quicke/ way ( do+ ?is1 is to multiply by #ajj1 & to subtract f ! product ! #ifj? "p ( ! multiplic&4 ,9 ! o!r "q propos$1 ! product ( #aa #aas4 #aa;d4 into #aa #aas4 #aa;d41 or #aa #adc_/bdj1 is #acd #is4 #c #di_/bdj;d4 ,numb] & value are di/9ct ab/ract ideas1 & _c1 )\t committ+ a logical absurdity1 be confus$4 ,to multiply is to repeat a c]ta9 numb] ( times1 & x is obvi\sly impossible to br+ value into ! "q4 ,value is arbitr>y2 numb] is fix$4 ,put x 9 ?is way1 & ! absurdity is evid5t3 ,"o p\nd is equival5t to #bj %ill+s1 or #bdj p5ce1 or #ifj f>?+s4 ,9 value !re is no diff]5ce :atev]2 b :at an enorm\s diff]5ce betwe5 multiply+ by #a1 #bj1 #bdj1 or #ifj6 ,,! ,,unfair ,,division4 ,a g5tleman r5t$ a f>m1 & contract$ to give to 8 l&lord #b_/e ( ! produce2 b prior to ! "t ( divid+ ! corn1 ! t5ant us$ #de bu%els4 ,:5 ! g5]al division 0 made1 x 0 propos$ to give to ! l&lord #ah bu%els f ! heap1 9 lieu ( 8 %>e ( ! #de bu%els :i* ! t5ant _h us$1 & !n to beg9 & divide ! rema9d] z ?\gh none _h be5 us$4 ,w\ld ?is me?od h be5 correct8 ,! l&lord w\ld lose #g bu%els by su* an arrangem5t1 z ! r5t w\ld entitle him to ( ! #ah4 ,! t5ant %\ld give him #ah bu%els f 8 own %>e aft] ! division is complet$1 o!rwise ! l&lord w\ld receive b #b_/g ( ! fir/ #fc bu%els4 ,a ,,popul> ,,fallacy4 ,x is (t5 sugge/$ f ! pulpit & else:]e1 t en\gh p]sons h liv$ & di$ 9 ! _w to cov] its :ole surface ) bodies2 & ev5 two or ?ree /rata deep4 ,is ?is probable8 ,say ! e>? has exi/$ #fjjj ye>s1 ! population always hav+ be5 #hjj1jjj1jjj1 & ! av]age life ( man #cj ye>s2 ?is be+ ! utmo/ t c\ld be claim$4 ,all[ !n ! ,/ate ( ,virg9ia to conta9 #gj1jjj squ>e miles1 & ea* grave to occupy a space ( #f feet by #b2 ! t]ritory ( ! ,/ate w\ld conta9 #afb1fbd1jjj1jjj2 :ile ! mighty army ( ! dead w\ld numb] only #afj1jjj1jjj1jjj2 leav+ #b1fbd1jjj1jjj graves yet unoccupi$4 ,h[ wide ( tru? !n is ! position (t5 set =? s positively6 ,,footnotes3 ,footnote #aj3 ,ance/or ( ! fight+ & writ+ ,napi]s ( our day4 ,footnote #aa3 ,:5 an exact half _c be tak5 )\t a fraction1 he mu/ take ! l>g] half--y mu/ tell him ?is be=e he comm5ces4 ,"h x is ! l>g] half4 ,footnote #ab3 ,f ,p>kes' ,philosophy ( ,ari?metic1 a capital "w publi%$ by ,moss ,bro4 ,philadelphia4 ,,tricks ,,9 ,,geometry4 ,let "y beg9n]s come & try ,_! h&s at our geometry4 ,! ^w ,geometry is d]iv$ f ! ,greek1 & signifies ! art ( measur+ l&4 ,! inv5tion ( x is ascrib$ by "s to ! ,*aldeans & ,babylonians1 by o!rs to ! ,egyptians1 :o 7 oblig$ to det]m9e ! b\nd>ies ( _! fields aft] ! inundation ( ! ,nile1 by geometrical measurem5ts4 ,accord+ to ,cassiodorus1 ! ,egyptians ei!r d]iv$ ! art f ! ,babylonians1 or inv5t$ x aft] x 0 kn[n to !m4 ,?ales1 a ,phnician1 :o di$ #edh ye>s ,b4,c41 & ,py?agoras ( ,samos1 :o fl\ri%$ ab\t #ebj ,b4,c41 introduc$ x f ,egypt into ,greece4 ,9 elem5t>y geometry1 ,euclid ( ,alex&ria1 z ev]ybody kn[s1 is p>ticul>ly di/+ui%$4 ,ar*im$es measur$ ! sph]e1 & aft] him o!r philosoph]s prosecut$ ! sci5ce ) ! utmo/ assiduity4 ,9 ,italy1 :]e ! sci5ces fir/ reviv$ aft] ! d>k ages1 sev]al ma!maticians 7 di/+ui%$ 9 ! #af? c5tury4 ,! ,fr5*1 & aft] !m ! ,g]mans1 foll[$2 :ile 9 ,engl&1 ,hook1 ,newton1 & o!rs1 c>ri$ ! sci5ce to ! highe/ pit* ( usefulness1 & ?r\gh its aid made ! mo/ prodigi\s discov]ies4 ,x is n1 h[ev]1 our prov9ce to ent] into a long disquisition on ! subject1 b simply to set be=e ! "y read] "s ( ! m curi\s prop]ties ( ! sci5ce1 t he may be excit$ to /udy x = himself2 & we w promise him t %\ld he devote 8 m9d to its /udy1 he w be amply repaid = any am\nt ( labor he may be/[ ^u x4 ,,geometrical ,,def9itions4 ,9 geometry a po9t is said to h nei!r bread?1 l5g?1 nor ?ickness4 ,a l9e is ! di/ance betwe5 two po9ts2 p>allel l9es always keep at ! same di/ance f ea* o!r4 ,a "r l9e is :at is commonly call$ a /raight l9e4 ,a curve is a l9e :i* cont9ually *anges its direction4 ,an angle is ! incl9ation or op5+ ( two l9es meet+ 9 a po9t4 ,a figure is a b\nd$ space1 & is ei!r a sup]ficies or a solid4 ,a triangle is a figure ) ?ree sides & ?ree angles4 ,a squ>e has f\r equal sides1 & f\r "r angles4 ,a circle is a plane figure b\nd$ by a curv$ l9e runn+ into itself4 ,its diamet] is a /raight l9e drawn f "o extremity ( its circumf]5ce to ! o!r1 & its c5t] is equally di/ant f e "p ( ! circumf]5ce4 ,a solid is any body :i* has l5g?1 bread?1 & ?ickness2 & a sph]e is a solid1 t]m9at$ by a convex surface1 e "p ( :i* is at an equal di/ance f a po9t )91 call$ its c5t]4 ,,! ,,five ,,geometrical ,,solids4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #a4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #b4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #c4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #d4 ,! foll[+ figures w %[ h[ ! five geometrical solids may be cut out ( a piece ( c>dbo>d4 ,:]e ! l9es are drawn ! bo>d is to be p>tly cut ?r\gh ) a p5knife1 s z to r5d] ! angles ( ! models z %>p & z /raight z possible4 ,! edges :i* require jo9+ are to be fa/5$ toge!r ) a slip ( ?9 pap] & gum dissolv$ 9 j suffici5t wat] to br+ x to ! consi/5ce ( treacle4 ,fig4 #a w =m a tetrah$ron1 a figure ) f\r sides1 ea* %ap$ l an equilat]al triangle4 ,fig4 #b =ms a cube or hexah$ron4 ,fig4 #c an octoh$ron1 ) eight triangul> sides4 ,fig4 #d1 a dodecah$ron1 ) twelve sides %ap$ l p5tagons1 ) five equal sides4 ,fig4 #e1 an isocah$ron1 ) tw5ty sides1 =m$ ( equilat]al triangles4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #e4 ,,h[ ,,to ,,make ,,five ,,squ>es ,,into ,a ,,l>ge ,,"o ,,)\t ,,any ,,wa/e ,,( ,,/uff4 ,suppose y h five squ>es ( clo?1 or any?+ else1 z 9 ,fig4 #g2 f9d ! c5t] ( "o side ( f\r ( ^! squ>es1 & cut !m f t po9t to ! opposite corn]1 !n place ! p]fect squ>e 9 ! c5tre1 & ! o!r pieces r\nd1 z se5 9 ,fig4 #h4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #g4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #h4 ,,deceptive ,,vision4 ,illu/ration ,! foll[+ sleight %[s h[ easily ! eye may be deceiv$4 ,take a piece ( pa/ebo>d1 an in* & a half 9 wid?1 & five in*es 9 l5g?1 & divide x by ink$ l9es into ?irty squ>es1 !n cut x f corn] to corn]1 s z to =m two triangles4 ,aft] ?is cut (f ! top ( ^! triangles at ,c & ,d1#ac & arrange ! pieces 9 ?is mann]3-- ,illu/ration ,on c\nt+ ! squ>es 9 ! fir/ figure1 !re appe> to be ?irty1 b ! o!r arrangem5t ( ! same c>d seems to conta9 ?irty-two4 ,x does s1 h[ev]1 only 9 appe>ance1 b x is only a v correct eye t c detect ! imp]fection4 ,,! ,,c>p5t] ,,puzzl$4 ,illu/ration ,a c>p5t] hav+ a piece ( mahogany ( a triangul> =m1 7see ,fig47 wi%$ to "k h[ he c\ld make x up to ! be/ advantage4 ,8 fir/ idea 0 to make an oblong squ>e table ( x1 b he f\nd t if he did s ! wa/e ( ! wood w\ld be v great4 ,aft] consid]ation he discov]$ t ! mo/ economical me?od ( us+ ! wood w\ld be to =m x into an oval4 ,to make ?is oval conta9 z mu* wood z possible1 he proce$$ 9 ! foll[+ mann]3 ,let ,b ,g ,d be ! triangul> piece ( wood2 take ,g ,h "o half ( ! base1 & divide ! triangle by draw+ a l9e f ,h to ,b4 ,take ,g ,h 9 ! compasses1 & set x (f on "o ( ! sides f ,g to ,e1 draw ! l9e ,e ,f1 & ! po9t ,i w be ! c5t] ( ! oval2 draw ,k ,l p>allel to ,e ,f1 & at ! same di/ance f ! c5t] z ! base ,g4 ,! po9ts ,a & ,c are f\nd by divid+ ! l9e f ,e to ,k & draw+ ,a ,c1 or by draw+ ! dott$ l9es ,d ,a & ,g ,c ?r\gh ! c5t] at ,i4 ,^! po9ts be+ f\nd1 ! oval mu/ be complet$ by ! eye ( ! draughtsman4 ,,! ,,bricklay] ,,puzzl$4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #a4 ,a bricklay] _h to con/ruct a wall1 ^: l5g? 9 ! direction ,a ,b ,c 0 tw5ty-f\r feet4 ,! "o half ( ?is wall1 namely f ,b to ,c1 _h to be built ov] a piece ( ris+ gr\nd1 s t ! base ( ?is "p ( ! wall w\ld necess>ily be m ?an twelve feet4 ,9 mak+ out 8 acc\nt he *>g$ m = ?is half ( ! wall ?an = t :i* 0 built on level gr\nd f ,a to ,b4 ,a geometrician assur$ him t ! squ>e cont5ts ( bo? portions ( ! wall 7 exactly alike2 :i* may be prov$ 9 ! foll[+ mann]3-- ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #b4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #c4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #d4 ,cut two pieces ( c>dbo>d1 9 ! =m %[n 9 ,figs4 #b & #c1 to repres5t ! two p>ts ( ! wall2 lay ! piece repres5t+ ! /raight wall on ! curv$ piece1 & x w be f\nd t ! angles :i* project at ,a & ,b w exactly fill up ! spaces at ,e & ,f4 ,! piece ( bo>d repres5t+ ! /raight wall may ?us be f\nd to be exactly suffici5t to =m a piece equal to t repres5t+ ! curv$ wall4 ,y may !n lay ! curv$ piece ^u ! /raight "o1 & rev]s+ ! exp]im5t prove t ! curv$ piece is capable ( =m+ a rectangul> piece equal to ! o!r4 ,,triangul> ,,problem4 ,take f\r squ>e pieces ( pa/ebo>d ( ! same dim5sions1 & divide !m diagonally1 t is1 by draw+ a l9e f two opposite angles1 z 9 ! figures1 into eight triangles4 ,pa9t sev5 ( ^! triangles ) ! prismatic colors1 r$1 orange1 yell[1 gre51 blue1 indigo1 violet1 & let ! eigh? be :ite4 ,to f9d h[ _m *equ]s or regul> f\r-sid$ figures1 diff]5t ei!r 9 =m or color1 may be made out ( ^! eight triangles4 ,illu/ration ,fir/1 by comb9+ two ( ^! triangles !re may be =m$1 ei!r ! triangul> squ>e ,a1 or ! incl9$ squ>e ,b1 call$ a ,rhomb4 ,secondly1 by comb9+ f\r ( ! triangles ! l>ge squ>e ,c may be =m$1 or ! long squ>e ,d1 call$ a p>allelogram4 ,n[ ! fir/ two squ>es1 consi/+ ( two p>ts out ( eight1 may ea* ( !m by ! eigh? rank ( ! triangle be tak5 tw5ty-eight diff]5t ways1 :i* makes fifty-six4 ,& ! la/ two squ>es1 consi/+ ( f\r p>ts1 may ea* be tak5 by ! same rank ( ! triangle sev5ty times1 :i* makes #adj4 ,,to ,,=m ,a ,,squ>e4 ,take a piece ( c>d ( ! %ape & size or proportions ( ! subjo9$1 & cut x into ?ree p>ts1 & ) ^! ?ree =m a p]fect squ>e4 ,illu/ration ,to d ?is1 cut x 9 ! direction ( ! dott$ l9es1 & x w !n be easy to lay d[n ! pieces to =m a p]fect squ>e4 ,,squ>+ ,,! ,,circle4 ,squ>+ ! circle1 z x is call$1 is ! puzzle ( puzzles1 & !re are _m p]sons :o fancy ?is c be accompli%$1 z !re are also _m :o believe t !y c discov] p]petual motion4 ,! mean+ ( ?is phrase squ>+ is sci5tifically express$ by ! t]m f9d+ ! quadrature ( ! circle2 t is1 ! act ( produc+ a squ>e equal to a giv5 circle2 & _m p]sons b slightly acqua9t$ ) ma!matics h puzzl$ _! bra9s to effect ?is object4 ,! ,c>d9al de ,cusa roll$ a cyl9d] ov] a plane1 till ! po9t :i* 0 fir/ 9 contact ) ! plane t\*$ x aga92 & !n1 by a tra9 ( reason+ v unma!matical1 he endeavor$ to det]m9e ! l5g? ( ! l9e ?us describ$4 ,oliv] de ,s]ras work$ a circle1 & also a triangle equal to an equilat]al triangle1 inscrib$ )9 ! circle1 & imag9$ t ! =m] 0 exactly equal to two ( ! latt]1 =gett+ t ! d\ble ( ?is triangle is equal to ! hexagon inscrib$ )9 ! circle1 & !re=e small] ?an ! circle itself4 ,a ,fr5*man *all5g$ ! _w1 & deposit$ #aj1jjj livres z a /ake1 t he c\ld accompli% ! feat4 ,he r$uc$ ! problem to ! me*anical process ( divid+ a circle into f\r qu>t]s1 & !n turn+ ^! ) _! angles outw>ds1 s z to =m a squ>e1 :i* he ass]t$ to be equal to ! circle2 ?is h[ev] 0 soon prov$ to be ridicul\s4 ,"s p]sons h tak5 a piece ( pa/ebo>d1 & cutt+ x out into a circul> =m1 & by cutt+ t circul> disc into pieces ( a squ>e =m & def9ite dim5sions1 & fitt+ ! same turn$ pieces "o into ! o!r1 h come ne> to a notion ( ! sup]ficial area ( a circle4 ,b ?is k9d ( demon/ration is purely me*anical1 & is nei!r geometrical nor sci5tific1 &1 is 9 fact1 no demon/ration accord+ to ma!matics4 ,= if we take ! pieces ( c>d1 h[ev] exactly !y may appe> to be =m$1 & exam9e !m ) a microscope1 we %all soon f9d t none ( !m are geometrically true1 nor ( ! same l5g? or bread?1 & !re=e ! conclusion arriv$ at is a false "o4 ,illu/ration ,! e>ly ma!maticians1 9 _! attempts to solve ?is problem1 g5]ally proce$$ on ! foll[+ plan4 ,if we draw a squ>e ext]ior to a circle1 t is1 t\*+ ! squ>e 9 f\r po9ts1 ea* side ( ! squ>e be+ equal to ! diamet] ( ! circle1 we c soon conv9ce ourselves t ! b\nd>y ( ! squ>e w be great] ?an ! circumf]5ce ( ! circle1 & ! area ( ! =m] great] ?an t ( ! latt]4 ,b if ! squ>e be drawn )9 ! circle1 s t only ! f\r corn]s t\* x1 !n x is equally evid5t t ! circle is l>g]1 bo? 9 b\nd>y & area1 ?an ! squ>e4 ,by ?is proce$+1 we arrive at ! conclusion t a circle is small] ?an a squ>e ext]nal to x1 & l>g] ?an "o int]nal to x4 ,let u next suppose t we draw a regul> p5tagon1 t is1 a figure ( five equal sides1 ext]ior to ! circle1 & t\*+ x on five po9ts2 !n x is evid5t t z ! circle is :olly conta9$ )9 ! p5tagon1 x mu/ be small] ?an t :i* conta9s x4 ,b if ! p5tagon be describ$ )9 ! circle1 t\*+ x at ! five angul> po9ts1 !n ( c\rse ! circle is l>g] ?an ! p5tagon :i* x conta9s4 ,n[1 9 geometry1 my "y read]s mu/ be> 9 m9d1 ! exact p]iph]y or circumf]5ce1 & ! exact area ( any figure b\nd$ by /raight l9es1 may be det]m9$ ) rigor\s accuracy2 & if we draw two polygons--say ( "o hundr$ sides1 "o )9 & "o )\t ! circle--we c asc]ta9 ! exact area ( ^? polygons1 & affirm t ! area ( a circle is great] ?an a c]ta9 am\nt1 & less ?an ano!r c]ta9 am\nt4 ,^! two am\nts1 if ! numb] ( ! sides ( ! polygon be s l>ge z we "h suppose1 may be s v ne>ly alike1 t ei!r "o w give ! area ( ! circle ) great clos5ess4 ,illu/ration ,by "s su* means z ^! ,ar*im$es f\nd t if ! diamet] ( a circle be call$ #g1 !n ! circumf]5ce w be ne>ly #bb2 & t if ! squ>e ( ! diamet] be #ad1 !n ! area ( ! circle w be equal to ab\t #aa2 b ?is computation 0 slightly 9 error1 & gave to ! area ( ! circle too great a measure by ab\t "o ?ree-?\s&? "p ( ! :ole4 ,at a lat] p]iod1 h[ev]1 a ,european ma!matician1 nam$ ,metius1 discov]$ a me?od :i* makes an extraord9>y approa* to accuracy1 & is at ! same "t easily rememb]$4 ,he f\nd t if ! diamet] be consid]$ equal to #aac1 !n ! circumf]5ce w\ld equal #cee2 or if we multiply ! squ>e ( ! radius by #cee1 & divide x by #aac1 ! area w be giv54 ,n[ ?is me?od is s v ne>ly correct1 t ! area ( a circle "o foot 9 diamet] is giv5 )9 ! fifty-?\s&? "p ( a squ>e in*4 ,o!r ma!maticians h c>ri$ ! approximation /ill fur!r4 ,ludolph ,van ,ceul5 work$ x out to #cf places ( figures1 %[+ t if ! diamet] be #a1 ! circumf]5ce w be #c4ad1aei1bfe1ceh1igi1cbc1hdf1bfd1cch1cb g1iej1bhh4 or t if ! la/ figure be #h1 ! result w be a little bel[ ! tru?1 & if #i1 a little above x4 ,s9ce ?is1 ,mr4 ,%>p1 an ,engli% ma!matician1 c>ri$ ! approximation to #gb places ( figures2 ,mr4 ,john ,ma*9 to #ajj figures1 & eclips$ all o!rs4 ,m4 de ,lagny work$ x out to #abh places ( figures1 & ( ! degree ( ne>ness to :i* ?is computation br+s ! proportion1 ,montucla says1 ,if we suppose a circle1 ! diamet] ( :i* is a ?\s& million times great] ?an ! di/ance betwe5 ! sun & ! e>?1 ! error 9 ! proportion ( ! circumf]5ce w\ld be a ?\s& million times less ?an ! ?ickness ( a hair4 ,b aft] all1 none ( ^! computations are q correct2 !y all deviate f ! tru?1 & br+ u to ! conclusion t !re are no numb]s or collection ( numb]s :i* w give ! exact ratio ( ! circumf]5ce1 or ( ! area ( a circle to its diamet]4 ,we (f] ?is explanation on ! subject to our "y fri5ds t !y may n be puzzl$ by ! "q2 & t %\ld !y be ask$ to squ>e ! circle1 or he> any "o ass]t t he c d s1 !y may be able to %[ t !y are awake to ! "q1 & "k h[ to expla9 x4 ,illu/ration ,,footnotes3 ,footnote #ac3 ,i4 e41 at ! f\r? squ>e f ! "r angle4 ,,practical ,,p>adoxes ,,& ,,puzzles4 ,illu/ration ,a puzzle is n solv$1 impati5t sirs1 ,by peep+ at its answ]1 9 a trice-- ,:5 ,gordius1 ! pl[-boy1 k+ ( ,phrygia1 ,ti$ up 8 implem5ts ( husb&ry ,9 ! f>-fam$ knot1 ra% ,alex&] ,did n undo1 by cutt+ x 9 twa94 ,p>adoxes & ,puzzles1 al?\gh by _m p]sons look$ ^u z m]e trifles1 h1 9 num]\s in/ances1 co/ _! inv5tors consid]able "t1 & exhibit a great degree ( +5uity4 ,we c readily imag9e t "s ( ! complicat$ puzzles 9 ! ensu+ pages may h be5 orig9ally con/ruct$ by captives1 to pass away ! h\rs ( a long & dre>y imprisonm5t2 ?us does ! mis]y ( a few frequ5tly conduce to ! amusem5t ( _m4 ,we look ^u a ,p>adox z a sort ( sup]ior riddle1 & a tol]able ,puzzle1 9 our op9ion1 takes prec$5ce ( a fir/-rate rebus4 ,!re is (t5 consid]able ?\ght1 calculation1 pati5ce1 & managem5t1 requir$ to solve "s ( ^! /range enigmas2 & we h1 ere n[1 foll[$ ! mazes ( a ,puzzle s ard5tly1 z to be entirely absorb$ 9 devis+ means to extricate ourself f its bewild]+ difficulties2 & felt almo/ z mu* pleasure 9 ev5tually a*iev+ victory ov] x1 z we h 9 conqu]+ an adv]s>y at "s sup]ior game ( skill4 ,x is 9 good soo?1 a "r da9ty & pleasant pa/ime1 to wat* ! /ray w&]+s ( ano!r p]son attempt+ to elucidate a ,p>adox1 or p]=m a ,puzzle1 ) :i* "o is previ\sly acqua9t$4 ,x is laughable to see him elat$ ) hope at ! app>5t spe$y end ( 8 tr\bles1 :5 y "k t1 at t mom5t1 he is actually f>!r f 8 object ?an he 0 :5 he began2 & x is no less amus+ to wat* 8 increas+ despair1 z he conceives himself to be gett+ m & m involv$1 :5 y are well aw>e t he is )9 a s+le turn ( a happy t]m9ation ( 8 toils2 b :at a mir?ful mom5t is t1 :5 !re be+ only two ways to turn1 ! "o "r & ! o!r wrong1 z is usually ! case1 he takes ! latt]1 & becomes m ?an ev] ,poz$1 puzzl$1 & p]plex$4 ,puzzles are by no means ( mod]n orig92 ! ,sphynx puzzl$ ! bra9s ( "s ( ! h]oes ( antiquity1 & ev5 ,alex&] ! ,great1 z x is writt51 made sev]al essays to untie ! knot ) :i* ,gordius1 ! ,phrygian k+1 :o _h be5 rais$ f ! pl[ to ! ?rone1 ti$ up 8 implem5ts ( husb&ry 9 ! temple1 9 s intricate a mann]1 t univ]sal mon>*y 0 promis$ to ! man :o c\ld undo x3 aft] hav+ be5 repeat$ly baffl$1 he1 at l5g?1 drew 8 sword1 consid]+ t he 0 entitl$ to ! fulfillm5t ( ! promise1 by cutt+ ! ,gordian knot4 #a4 ,,! ,,*9ese ,,cross4 ,illu/ration ,h six pieces ( wood1 bone1 or metal1 made ( ! same l5g? z ,no4 #f1 9 ! above figures1 & ea* piece ( ! same size z ,no4 #g4 ,x is requir$ to con/ruct a cross1 ) six arms1 f ^! pieces1 & 9 su* a mann] t x %all n be displac$ :5 ?r[n ^u ! floor4 ,! %ad$ p>ts ( ea* figure repres5t ! p>ts t are cut out ( ! wood1 & ea* piece m>k$ a is suppos$ to be fac+ ! read]1 :ile ! pieces m>k$ b are ! "r side ( ea* piece turn$ ov] t[>ds ! left1 s z to face ! read]4 ,no4 #g repres5ts ! end ( ea* piece ( wood1 c41 & is giv5 to %[ ! dim5sions4 #b4 ,,! ,,p>allelogram4 ,illu/ration ,a p>allelogram1 z 9 ! illu/ration1 fig4 #a1 may be cut into two pieces1 s t by %ift+ ! position ( ! pieces1 two o!r figures may be =m$1 z %[n by figs4 #b & #c4 #c4 ,,! ,,divid$ ,,g>d54 ,illu/ration ,a p]son let 8 h\se to sev]al inmates1 :o occupi$ diff]5t floors1 & hav+ a g>d5 atta*$ to ! h\se1 he 0 desir\s ( divid+ x among !m4 ,!re 7 t5 trees 9 ! g>d51 & he 0 desir\s ( divid+ x s t ea* ( ! five inmates %\ld h an equal %>e ( g>d5 & two trees4 ,h[ did he d x8 #d4 ,,! ,,endless ,,/r+4 ,illu/ration ,n[1 sir1 y\r coat is (f6 ,& see-- ,y\r "r-h& pocket$6 ,s let x be3 ,:ile o'er y\r arm ,an endless /r+-- ,"s ?ree y>ds r\nd-- ,hangs l a sl+4 ,take ! /r+ (f-- ,b1 j = fun1 ,x mu/ be done ,keep+ y\r "r-h& 9 its place1 ,& n a smile mu/ /ir y\r face4 ,until y f9d ?is puzzle out1 ,no coat %all wrap y\r back ab\t4 #e4 ,,*9ese ,,maze4 ,,! ,,will[-,,patt]n ,,plate4 ,illu/ration ,ye fair ones :o1 9 cont95t or isle1 ,long = delights :i* love alone c br+2 ,:il/ ruby lips display affection's smile1 ,ha/e ?r\gh ! maze1 & rea* ! w$d+ r+ ,! sweet ,koong-see1 ^: _s hov]s ne>1 ,%all wat* !e w&'r+ ?r\gh ! d\btful way2 ,& :5 ?\ %[e/ aught ( hope or fe>1 ,%all :isp] to !e1 z ?y foot/eps /ray6 #f4 ,,! ,,v]tical ,,l9e ,,puzzle4 ,draw six v]tical l9es1 z bel[1 &1 by add+ five o!r l9es to !m1 let ! :ole =m n9e4 ,illu/ration3 #g4 ,,! ,,?ree ,,rabbits4 ,draw ?ree rabbits1 s t ea* %all appe> to h two e>s1 :ile1 9 fact1 !y h only ?ree e>s betwe5 !m4 #h4 ,,! ,,accommodat+ ,,squ>e4 ,make eight squ>es ( c>d1 !n divide f\r ( !m f corn] to corn]1 s t y w n[ h twelve pieces4 ,=m a squ>e ) !m4 #i4 ,,! ,,circle ,,puzzle4 ,draw a circle ^u a piece ( pap]1 & ?ru/ a p9 ?r\gh x )\t cross+ ! circle1 or ?ru/+ x d[nw>d ?r\gh ! c5t]4 #aj4 ,,! ,,c>dbo>d ,,puzzle4 ,take a piece ( c>dbo>d or lea!r1 ( ! %ape & measurem5t indicat$ by ! diagram1 cut x 9 su* a mann] t y y\rself may pass ?r\gh x1 /ill keep+ x 9 "o piece4 ,illu/ration3 ----------- #c ,in*es4 #f ,i n c h e s 4 ----------- #aa4 ,,! ,,button ,,puzzle4 ,illu/ration ,9 ! c5t] ( a piece ( lea!r make two p>allel cuts ) a p5knife1 & j bel[ a small hole ( ! same wid?2 !n pass a piece ( /r+ "u ! slit & ?r\gh ! hole1 z 9 ! figure1 & tie two buttons mu* l>g] ?an ! hole to ! ends ( ! /r+4 ,! puzzle is1 to get ! /r+ out aga9 )\t tak+ (f ! buttons4 #ab4 ,,! ,,qu>to ,,puzzle4 ,illu/ration3 _/ _/ _/ _/ _/ _/ _/ -------------- ,divide ?is figure into f\r equal p>ts1 ea* ( ! same figure4 #ac4 ,,! ,,puzzle ,,( ,,f\rte54 ,illu/ration ,cut out f\rte5 pieces ( pap]1 c>d1 or wood1 ( ! same size & %ape z ^? %[n 9 ! diagram1 & !n =m an oblong ) !m4 #ad4 ,,! ,,squ>e ,,& ,,circle ,,puzzle4 ,illu/ration3 --------------- o o o o oo o oo o o o --------------- ,get a piece ( c>dbo>d1 ! size & %ape ( ! diagram1 & pun* 9 x twelve circles or holes 9 ! position %[n4 ,! puzzle is1 to cut ! c>dbo>d into f\r pieces ( equal size1 ea* piece to be ( ! same %ape1 & to conta9 ?ree circles1 )\t cutt+ into any ( !m4 #ae4 ,,! ,,scale ,,& ,,r+ ,,puzzle4 ,illu/ration ,provide a ?9 piece ( wood ( ab\t two in*es & a half squ>e2 make a r\nd hole at ea* corn]1 suffici5tly l>ge to admit ?ree or f\r times ! ?ickness ( ! cord y w aft]w>ds use1 & 9 ! middle ( ! bo>d make f\r small] r\nd holes 9 ! =m ( a squ>e1 & ab\t half an in* betwe5 ea*4 ,!n take f\r pieces ( ?9 silk5 cord1 ea* ab\t six in*es long1 pass "o ?r\gh ea* ( ! f\r corn] holes1 ty+ a knot und]nea? at ! end1 or affix+ a little ball or bead to prev5t its draw+ ?r\gh2 take ano!r cord1 :i*1 :5 d\bl$1 w be ab\t sev5 in*es long1 & pass ! two ends ?r\gh ! middle holes a a1 f ! front to ! back ( ! bo>d1 7"o cord ?r\gh ea* hole17 & aga9 f back to front ?r\gh ! o!r holes b b2 tie ! six ends toge!r 9 a knot1 s z to =m a small scale1 & proportion+ ! l5g? ( ! cords1 s t :5 y hold ! scale susp5d$1 ! middle cord1 besides pass+ ?r\gh ! f\r c5t] holes1 w admit ( be+ drawn up into a loop ( ab\t half an in* f ! surface ( ! scale2 provide a r+ ( metal or bone1 ( ab\t ?ree qu>t]s ( an in* 9 diamet]1 & place x on ! scale1 br++ ! loop ?r\gh its middle2 !n1 draw+ ! loop a little ?r\gh ! scale t[>d y1 pass x1 d\ble z x is1 ?r\gh ! hole at ! corn] ,a1 ov] ! knot und]nea?1 & draw x back2 !n pass x 9 ! same way ?r\gh ! hole at corn] ,b1 ov] ! knot1 & draw x back2 !n1 draw+ up ! loop a little m1 pass x ov] ! knot at top1 & aft]w>d ?r\gh ! holes ,c & ,d 9 succession1 l ! o!rs1 & ! r+ w be fix$4 #af4 ,,! ,,he>t ,,puzzle4 ,illu/ration ,cut a piece ( ?9 wood ! %ape indicat$ by ! diagram1 & hav+ p]=at$ x z above1 draw a piece ( /r+1 ) a small] he>t atta*$ at ! end1 ?r\gh ,no4 #a1 pass x beh9d1 & br+ x ?r\gh #b be=e1 & ?r\gh #c1 & s on to #f1 :5 a loop mu/ be made s z to enclose t "p ( ! /r+ :i* runs f #b to #c4 ,! puzzle is to remove ! /r+ f ! l>ge he>t altoge!r1 )\t unfa/5+ ! loop4 ,c>e %\ld be tak5 to avoid twi/+ or entangl+ ! /r+4 ,! l5g? ( ! /r+ %\ld be proportion$ to ! size ( ! he>t2 if y make ! he>t two in*es & a half high1 ! /r+ :5 d\bl$ %\ld be ab\t n9e in*es long4 #ag4 ,,! ,,cross ,,puzzle4 ,illu/ration ,cut ?ree pieces ( pap] to ! %ape ( ,no4 #a1 "o to ! %ape ( ,no4 #b1 & "o to t ( ,no4 #c4 ,let !m be ( proportional sizes4 ,!n place ! pieces toge!r s z to =m a cross4 #ah4 ,,! ,,yankee ,,squ>e4 ,illu/ration ,cut z _m pieces ( ea* figure 9 c>dbo>d z !y h numb]s m>k$ on ea*2 !n =m ! pride ( ! ,am]ican army4 #ai4 ,,! ,,c>d ,,puzzle4 ,illu/ration ,"o ( ! be/ puzzles hi!rto made is repres5t$ 9 ! annex$ cut4 ,a is a piece ( c>d2 b b a n>r[ slip divid$ f its bottom edge1 ! :ole bread? ( ! c>d1 except j suffici5t to hold x on at ea* side2 c c is ano!r small slip ( c>d ) two l>ge squ>e ends1 e e2 d is a bit ( tobacco-pipe1 ?r\gh :i* c c is pass$1 & :i* is kept on by ! two ends e e4 ,! puzzle consi/s 9 gett+ ! pipe (f )\t break+ x or injur+ any o!r "p ( ! puzzle4 ,?is1 :i* appe>s to be impossible1 is done 9 ! mo/ simple mann]4 ,on a mom5t's consid]ation x w appe> pla9ly t !re mu/ be z mu* difficulty 9 gett+ ! pipe 9 its pres5t situation1 z !re c be 9 tak+ x away4 ,! way to put ! puzzle toge!r is z foll[s3 ,! slip c c e e is cut out ( a piece ( c>d 9 ! %ape del9eat$ 9 ,fig4 #c4 ,! c>d 9 ! fir/ figure mu/ !n be g5tly b5t at ,a1 s z to all[ ( ! slip at ! bottom ( x be+ also b5t suffici5tly to pass d\ble ?r\gh ! pipe1 z 9 ,fig4 #b4 ,! deta*$ slip ) ! squ>e ends 7,fig4 #c7 is !n to be pass$ half way ?r\gh ! loop f at ! bottom ( ! pipe2 x is next to be d\bl$ 9 ! c5t] at a1 & pull$ ?r\gh ! pipe1 d\ble2 by means ( ! loop ( ! slip to ! c>d4 ,^u unb5d+ ! c>d ! puzzle w be complete1 & appe> z repres5t$ 9 ,fig4 #a4 #bj4 ,,?ree ,,squ>e ,,puzzle4 ,illu/ration ,cut sev5te5 slips ( c>dbo>d ( equal l5g?s1 & place !m on a table to =m six squ>es1 z 9 ! diagram4 ,x is n[ requir$ to take away five ( ! pieces1 yet to leave b ?ree p]fect squ>es4 #ba4 ,,! ,,cyl9d] ,,puzzle4 ,illu/ration ,cut a piece ( c>dbo>d ab\t f\r in*es long1 ( ! %ape ( ! diagram1 & make ?ree holes 9 x1 z repres5t$4 ,! puzzle is1 to make "o piece ( wood to pass ?r\gh1 & also exactly to fill1 ea* ( ! ?ree holes4 #bb4 ,,puzzle ,,( ,,! ,,f\r ,,t5ants4 ,illu/ration ,i h a squ>e plot ( gr\nd1 9 "o qu>t] ( :i* ,i h built a h\se1 :i* ,i h let to f\r t5ants4 ,i tell !m t if !y c divide ! rema9+ gr\nd into f\r equal plots1 alike 9 %ape1 & ea* conta9+ "o ( ! f\r apple trees ,i h plant$1 !y %all h x )\t any increase ( r5t4 ,h[ may !y succe$8 #bc4 ,,! ,,puzzle ,,wall4 ,suppose !re 0 a pond1 ar\nd :i* f\r poor m5 built _! h\ses1 ?us3 ,illu/ration ,suppose f\r evil-dispos$ ri* m5 aft]w>ds built h\ses ar\nd ! poor p1 ?us3 ,illu/ration & wi%$ to h all ! wat] ( ! pond to !mselves4 ,h[ c\ld !y build a high wall1 s z to %ut out ! poor p f ! pond8 #bd4 ,,! ,,nuns4 ,illu/ration ,tw5ty-f\r nuns 7 arrang$ 9 a conv5t by night1 by a si/]1 to c\nt n9e ea* way1 z 9 ! diagram4 ,f\r ( !m w5t out = a walk by moonlight4 ,h[ 7 ! rema9d] plac$ 9 ! squ>e s z /ill to c\nt n9e ea* way8 ,! f\r :o w5t out return$1 br++ ) !m f\r fri5ds2 h[ 7 !y all plac$ /ill to c\nt n9e ea* way1 & ?us to deceive ! si/]1 z to :e!r !re 7 #bj1 #bd1 #bh1 or #hb1 9 ! squ>e8 #be4 ,,! ,,horse ,,%oe ,,puzzle4 ,illu/ration ,cut a piece ( apple or turnip into ! %ape ( a horse %oe1 /ick six p9s 9 x = nails1 & !n1 by two cuts1 divide x into six p>ts1 ea* to conta9 "o p94 #bf4 ,,! ,,c>d ,,squ>e4 ,illu/ration ,) eight pieces ( c>d or pap]1 ( ! %ape ( ,fig4 a1 f\r ( ,fig4 b1 & f\r ( ,fig4 c1 & ( proportionate sizes1 =m a p]fect squ>e4 #bg4 ,,! ,,dog ,,puzzle4 ,illu/ration ,! dogs are1 by plac+ two l9es ^u !m1 to be sudd5ly ar\s$ to life & made to run4 ,qu]y1 ,h[ & :]e %\ld ^! l9es be plac$1 & :at %\ld be ! =ms ( !m8 #bh4 ,,puzzle ,,( ,,! ,,two ,,fa!rs4 ,two fa!rs h ea* a squ>e ( l&4 ,"o fa!r divides 8 s z to res]ve to himself "o f\r?2 ?us-- ,illu/ration3 ---------------- ------ --------------- ,! o!r fa!r divides 8 s z to res]ve to himself "o f\r? 9 ! =m ( a triangle2 ?us-- ,illu/ration3 -------- _/ _/ _/ _/ -------- ,!y ea* h f\r sons1 & ea* divides ! rema9d] among 8 sons 9 su* a way t ea* son w %>e equally ) 8 bro!r1 & 9 simil> %ape4 ,h[ 7 ! two f>ms divid$8 #bi4 ,,! ,,triangle ,,puzzle4 ,cut tw5ty triangles out ( t5 squ>e pieces ( wood2 mix !m toge!r1 & reque/ a p]son to make an exact squ>e ) !m4 #cj4 ,,cutt+ ,,out ,a ,,cross4 ,illu/ration ,h[ c be cut out ( a s+le piece ( pap]1 & ) "o cut ( ! scissors1 a p]fect cross1 & all ! o!r =ms z %[n 9 ! cuts8 #ca4 ,,ano!r ,,cross ,,puzzle4 ,illu/ration ,) ?ree pieces ( c>dbo>d ( ! %ape & size ( ,no4 #a1 & "o ea* ( ,no4 #b & #c1 to =m a cross4 #cb4 ,,! ,,f\nta9 ,,puzzle4 ,a is a wall1 ,b ,c ,d ?ree h\ses1 & ,e ,f ,g ?ree f\nta9s or canals4 ,illu/ration ,x is requir$ to br+ ! wat] f ,e to ,d1 f ,g to ,b1 & f ,f to ,c1 )\t "o cross+ ! o!r1 or pass+ outside ( ! wall ,a4 #cc4 ,,! ,,puzzle ,,( ,,! ,,/>s4 ,fri5ds "o & all1 ,i pray y %[ ,h[ y n9e />s w\ld s be/[1 ,t5 r[s to =m--9 ea* r[ ?ree-- ,tell me1 ye wits1 h[ ?is c be8 #cd4 ,,! ,,c\nt] ,,puzzle4 ,illu/ration ,place eight c\nt]s or co9s1 z 9 ! diagram2 x is !n requir$ to lay !m 9 f\r c\ples1 remov+ only "o at a "t1 & 9 ea* removal pass+ ! "o 9 ! h& ov] two on ! table4 #ce4 ,,! ,,japan ,,squ>e ,,puzzle4 ,illu/ration ,cut out t5 pieces ( c>d or wood ( ! same sizes & %apes z 9 ! diagram1 & !n =m a squ>e ) !m4 #cf4 ,,! ,,cab9et ,,mak]',s ,,puzzle4 ,a cab9et-mak] has a circul> piece ( v5e]+ ) :i* he has to v5e] ! tops ( two oval /ools2 b x s happ5s t ! area ( ! /ools1 exclusive ( ! h&-holes 9 ! c5t]1 & t ( ! circul> piece1 are ! same4 ,h[ mu/ he cut 8 /uff s z to be exactly suffici5t = 8 purpose8 #cg4 ,,! ,,/r+ ,,& ,,balls ,,puzzle4 ,get an oblong /rip ( wood or ivory1 & bore ?ree holes 9 x1 z %[n 9 ! cut4 ,!n take a piece ( tw9e1 pass+ ! two ends ?r\gh ! holes at ! extremities1 fa/5+ !m ) a knot1 & ?read ^u x two beads or r+s1 z depict$ above4 ,! puzzle is to get bo? beads on ! same side1 )\t remov+ ! /r+ f ! holes1 or unty+ ! knots4 ,illu/ration #ch4 ,,! ,,d\ble-,,head$ ,,puzzle4 ,illu/ration ,cut a circul> piece ( wood z 9 ! cut ,no4 #a1 & f\r o!rs1 l ,no4 #b4 ,! puzzle consi/s 9 gett+ !m all into ! cross-%ap$ slit1 until !y look l ,fig4 #c4 #ci4 ,,ari?metical ,,puzzle4 ,! sum ( f\r figures 9 value w be4 ,above sev5 ?\s& n9e hundr$ & ?ree2 ,b :5 !y are halv$1 y'll f9d v fair ,! sum w be no?+1 9 tru? ,i decl>e4 #dj4 ,,grammatical ,,puzzle4 ,let ! ri*1 great1 & noble1 banquet 9 ! fe/al halls1 ,& pass ! h\rs away1 z ! mo/ ?\ghtless revel2 ,!n seek ! poor man's dre>y home1 ^: v d+y walls ,proclaim full well to all h[ l[ 8 rank & level4 ,take away "o lett] f a ^w 9 ! above /anza1 & sub/itute ano!r1 leav+ ! ^w s metamorphos$ /ill a ^w ( ! ,engli% language2 &1 by t *ange1 totally aft] ! syntactical con/ruction ( ! :ole s5t5ce1 *ang+ ! moods & t5ses ( v]bs1 turn+ v]bs into n\ns1 n\ns into adjectives1 & adjectives into adv]bs1 c41 & s make ! entire /anza be> q a diff]5t mean+ f t :i* x has z x /&s above4 #da4 ,,! ,,tree ,,puzzle4 ,plant an or*>d ( tw5ty-"o trees1 s t !re %all be n9e /raight r[s1 ) five trees 9 ea* r[1 ! outl9e a regul> geometrical figure1 & ! trees all at unequal di/ances f ea* o!r4 #db4 ,,an ,,epitaph ,,on ,,ell9or ,,ba*ellor1 ,,an ,,old ,,pye ,,woman4 ,b5e ,a4 ,?9 ,!d ,u/t ,,hemo4 ,uld yo ,l4,d4,c4 ,,ru/o6 ,fnel ,l4,b4 ,a* ,el ,lor4 ,lat4 ,,ely1 ,wa4 ,s4 %ove ,n4 ,w4 ,h[--,ass6 kill'd ,i4 ,n4 ,t4 ,h4 ,e> ,t4 ,s(p1 ,i1 ,escu ,/>4 ,d4 ,san ,d ,t ,art4 ,san ,d ,k4 ,n ,e4 ,w4 ,e ,v]----,yus ,e4--,(t ,he ove ,n ,w4 ,h5s ,he ',dli ,v',,dl4 on g5o ,ug ,h ,s hem ,a4,d4,e4 he ,r4 la ,/p4 ,uf----fap ,uf4 ,f4 ,b ,y he4 ,r hu ,s4 ,ban ,d4 ,m4 ,u* pra is ',d4 ,no4 ,:]es ,h$ot ,,hl4 i4 e4 ,tom4 ,a kead ,i4,r4,t4,p4 ,ye9 hop ,e/ha! ,r4 ,c4 ,,ru/wi1 ,l ,l ,b4 ,era is '----,d6 #dc4 ,a ,,curi\s ,,lett]4 ,fri5ds ,sir1 fri5ds1 /& y\r disposition2 ,i be>+ a man ! _w is :il/ ! contempt1 ridicule4 are ambiti\s4 #dd4 ,a ,,puzzl+ ,,inscription4 ,p ,r ,s ,v ,r ,y ,p ,r ,f ,c ,t ,m ,n ,v ,r ,k ,p ,t ,h ,s ,p ,r ,c ,p ,t ,s ,t ,n4 ,! two l9es above 7 affix$ to ! communion table ( a small *ur* 9 ,wales1 & cont9u$ to puzzle ! le>n$ congregation = sev]al c5turies1 b at l5g? ! inscription 0 deciph]$4 ,:at 0 x8 #de4 ,,! ,,puzzl+ ,,r+s4 ,?is p]plex+ inv5tion is ( great antiquity1 & 0 treat$ on by ,c>dan1 ! ma!matician1 at ! beg9n+ ( ! sixte5? c5tury4 ,x consi/s ( a flat piece ( ?9 metal or bone1 ) t5 holes 9 x2 9 ea* hole a wire is loosely fix$1 beat5 out into a head at "o end1 to prev5t its slipp+ ?r\gh1 & ! o!r fa/5$ to a r+1 also loose4 ,ea* wire has be5 pass$ ?r\gh ! r+ ( ! next wire1 previ\sly to its own r+ be+ fa/5$ on2 & ?r\gh ! :ole ( ! r+s runs a wire loop or b[1 :i* also conta9s1 )9 its oblong space1 all ! wires to :i* ! r+s are fa/5$2 ! :ole pres5t+ s complicat$ an appe>ance1 z to make ! releas+ ! r+s f ! b[ appe> an impossibility4 ,! con/ruction ( x w\ld be f\nd r tr\blesome to ! amateur1 b x may be pur*as$ at mo/ ( ! toy %ops v lightly & elegantly made4 ,x also exi/s 9 v>i\s p>ts ( ! c\ntry1 =g$ 9 iron1 p]haps by "s +5i\s village me*anic1 & aptly nam$ ,! ,tir+ ,irons4 ,! foll[+ in/ructions w %[ ! pr9ciple on :i* ! puzzle is con/ruct$1 & w prove a key to its solution4 ,take ! loop 9 y\r left h&1 hold+ x at ! end1 ,b1 & consid] ! r+s z be+ numb]$ #a/ to #aj?4 ,! #a/ w be ! extreme r+ to ! "r1 & ! #aj? ! ne>e/ y\r left h&4 ,illu/ration ,x w be se5 t ! difficulty arises f ea* r+ pass+ r\nd ! wire ( its "r-h& neighbor4 ,! extreme r+ at ! "r h&1 ( c\rse1 be+ unconnect$ ) any o!r wire ?an its own1 may at any "t be drawn (f ! end ( ! b[ at ,a1 rais$ up1 dropp$ ?r\gh ! b[1 & f9ally releas$4 ,aft] y h done ?is1 try to pass ! second r+ 9 ! same way1 & y w n succe$1 z x is ob/ruct$ by ! wire ( ! fir/ r+2 b if y br+ ! fir/ r+ on aga91 by rev]s+ ! process by :i* y took x (f1 viz41 by putt+ x up ?r\gh ! b[1 & on to ! end ( x1 y w !n f9d t by tak+ ! fir/ & second r+s toge!r1 !y w bo? draw (f1 lift up1 & drop ?r\gh ! b[4 ,hav+ done ?is1 try to pass ! ?ird r+ (f1 & y w n be able2 because x is fa/5$ on "o side to its own wire1 :i* is )9 ! b[1 & on ! o!r side to ! second r+1 :i* is )\t ! b[4 ,!re=e1 leav+ ! ?ird r+ = ! pres5t1 try ! f\r? r+1 :i* is n[ at ! end all b "o1 & bo? ( ! wires :i* affect x be+ )9 ! b[1 y w draw x (f )\t ob/ruction2 &1 9 do+ ?is1 y w h to slip ! ?ird r+ (f1 :i* w n drop ?r\gh = ! reasons be=e giv52 s1 hav+ dropp$ ! f\r? r+ ?r\gh1 y c only slip ! ?ird r+ on aga94 ,y w n[ compreh5d t 7) ! exception ( ! fir/ r+7 ! only r+ :i* c at any "t be releas$ is t :i* happ5s to be second on ! b[1 at ! "r-h& end2 because bo? ! wires :i* affect x be+ )9 ! b[1 !re w be no imp$im5t to its dropp+ ?r\gh4 ,y h n[ ! fir/ & second r+s releas$1 & ! f\r? also--! ?ird /ill fix$2 to release :i* we mu/ make x la/ b "o on ! b[1 & to effect :i* pass ! fir/ & second r+s toge!r ?r\gh ! b[1 & on to x2 !n release ! fir/ r+ aga9 by slipp+ x (f & dropp+ x ?r\gh1 & ! ?ird r+ w /& z second on ! b[1 9 its prop] position = releas+1 by draw+ ! second & ?ird (f toge!r1 dropp+ ! ?ird ?r\gh1 & slipp+ ! second on aga94 ,n[ to release ! second1 put ! fir/ up1 ?r\gh & on ! b[2 !n slip ! two toge!r (f1 raise !m up1 & drop !m ?r\gh4 ,! six? w n[ /& second1 consequ5tly 9 its prop] place = releas+2 !re=e draw x t[>d ! end1 ,a1 slip ! fif? (f1 !n ! six?1 & drop x ?r\gh2 aft] :i* replace ! fif?1 z y _c release x until x /&s 9 ! position ( a second r+2 9 ord] to effect ?is y mu/ br+ ! fir/ & second r+s toge!r1 ?r\gh & on to ! b[2 !n 9 ord] to get ! ?ird on1 slip ! fir/ (f & d[n ?r\gh ! b[2 !n br+ ! ?ird up1 ?r\gh & on to ! b[2 !n br+ ! fir/ r+ up & on aga91 &1 releas+ ! fir/ & second toge!r1 br+ ! f\r? ?r\gh & on to ! b[1 replac+ ! ?ird2 !n br+ ! fir/ & second toge!r on1 drop ! fir/ (f & ?r\gh1 !n ! ?ird ! same1 replace ! fir/ on ! b[1 take (f ! fir/ & second toge!r1 & ! fif? w !n /& second1 z y desir$2 draw x t[>d ! end1 slip x (f & ?r\gh1 replace ! f\r?1 br+ ! fir/ & second toge!r up & on aga91 release ! fir/1 br+ on ! ?ird1 pass+ ! second r+ on to ! b[ aga91 replace ! fir/1 9 ord] to release ! fir/ & second toge!r2 !n br+ ! f\r? t[>d ! end1 slipp+ x (f & ?r\gh1 replace ! ?ird1 br+ ! fir/ & second toge!r up & on aga91 release ! fir/1 !n ! ?ird1 replac+ ! second1 br+ ! fir/ up & on1 9 ord] to release ! fir/ & second toge!r1 :i* hav+ done1 y\r eigh? r+ w !n /& second1 consequ5tly y c release x1 slipp+ ! sev5? on aga94 ,!n to release ! sev5?1 y mu/ beg9 by putt+ ! fir/ & second up & on toge!r1 & go+ ?r\gh ! movem5ts 9 ! same succession z be=e1 until y f9d y h only ! t5? & n9? on ! b[2 !n slip ! t5? (f & ?r\gh ! b[1 & replace ! n9?4 ,?is dropp+ ( ! t5? r+ is ! fir/ effectual movem5t t[>d gett+ ! r+s (f1 z all ! *anges y h gone ?r\gh 7 only to enable y to get at ! t5? r+4 ,y w !n f9d t y h only ! n9? left on ! b[1 & y mu/ n be disc\rag$ on le>n+1 t 9 ord] to get t r+ (f1 all ! o!rs to ! "r h& mu/ be put on aga91 beg9n+ by putt+ ! fir/ & second toge!r1 & work+ z be=e1 until y f9d t ! n9? /&s z second on ! b[1 at :i* "t y c release x4 ,y w !n h only ! eigh? left on ! b[2 y mu/ aga9 put on all ! r+s to ! "r h&1 beg9n+ by putt+ up ! fir/ & second toge!r1 till y f9d ! eigh? /&+ z second on ! b[1 or 9 its prop] position = releas+2 & s y proce$ until y f9d all ! r+s f9ally releas$4 ,z y comm5ce y\r op]ations ) all ! r+s ready fix$ on ! b[1 y w release ! t5? r+ 9 "o hundr$ & sev5ty moves2 b z y !n h only ! n9? on1 & z x is necess>y to br+ on aga9 all ! r+s up to ! n9?1 9 ord] to release ! n9?1 & :i* requires fifte5 moves m1 y w1 consequ5tly1 release ! n9? r+ 9 two hundr$ & fifty-six moves2 &1 = y\r enc\ragem5t1 y\r labor w dim9i%1 by "o half1 ) ea* foll[+ r+ :i* is f9ally releas$4 ,! eigh? comes (f 9 "o hundr$ & tw5ty-eight moves1 ! sev5? 9 sixty-f\r moves1 & s on1 until y arrive at ! second & fir/ r+s1 :i* come (f toge!r1 mak+ six hundr$ & eighty-"o moves1 :i* are necess>y to take (f all ! r+s4 ,) ! exp]i5ce y w by ?is "t h acquir$1 x is only necess>y to say1 t to replace ! r+s1 y beg9 by putt+ up ! fir/ & second toge!r1 & foll[ precisely ! same sy/em z be=e4 #df4 ,,mov+ ,,! ,,knight ,,ov] ,,all ,,! ,,squ>es ,,alt]nately4 ,illu/ration3 ,,eul]',s ,,me?od4 ,! problem respect+ ! plac+ ! knight on any giv5 squ>e1 & mov+ him f t squ>e to any h\se on ! bo>d1 has n be5 ?\ght unwor?y ! att5tion ( ! fir/ ma!maticians4 ,eul]1 ,ozanam1 ,de ,montm>t1 ,de ,moivre1 ,de ,majron1 & o!rs1 h all giv5 me?ods by :i* ?is feat might be accompli%$4 ,x 0 res]v$1 h[ev]1 = ! pres5t c5tury to lay ?is d[n on a g5]al plan2 & ! only ,engli% writ] :o has notic$ ?is is ,mr4 ,george ,walk]1 9 8 ,treatise on ,*ess4 ,! plan is ?is3 ,let ! knight be plac$ on any squ>e1 & move him f squ>e to squ>e1 on ! pr9ciple ( always play+ him to t po9t1 f :i*1 9 actual play1 he w\ld comm& ! fewe/ o!r squ>es2 obs]v+1 t 9 reckon+ ! squ>es comm&$ by him y mu/ omit su* z he has already cov]$4 ,if1 too1 !re are two squ>es1 on bo? ( :i* 8 p[]s w\ld be equal1 y may move him to ei!r4 ,try ?is on ! bo>d1 ) "s c\nt]s or waf]s1 plac+ "o on e squ>e2 &1 :5 y cle>ly und]/& x1 y may a/oni% y\r fri5ds by invit+ !m to /ation ! knight on any squ>e !y l1 & engag+ to play him1 f t squ>e1 ov] ! rema9+ sixty-?ree 9 sixty-?ree moves4 ,:5 ! automaton ,*essplay] 0 la/ exhibit$ 9 ,engl&1 ?is 0 made "p ( ! wond]s he accompli%$1 ?\gh z ! above plan 0 n !n kn[n "h1 he c\ld n adopt x1 b us$ some?+ l ! me?od laid d[n by ,eul]1 & :i* we subjo94 ,our "y ,*ess-play]s mu/ rememb] t x does n matt] on :i* squ>e ! knight is plac$ at />t+2 z1 by acquir+ ! plan by he>t1 :i* is soon done1 he c play him ov] all ! squ>es f any giv5 po9t1 8 la/ squ>e be+ at ! di/ance ( a knight's move f 8 fir/4 ,x is obvi\s t ?is r\te may be v>i$ _m ways1 & we h (t5 amus$ ourselves by try+ to "w x on a slate4 ,,ano!r ,,me?od4 ,! problem ( ! knight's cov]+ successively ea* squ>e ( ! bo>d1 has1 9 all ages1 attract$ ! att5tion ( ! fir/ ma!maticians2 x is only lately1 h[ev]1 t ?is v +5i\s sy/em = p]=m+ ! feat )\t see+ ! bo>d1 has be5 inv5t$ by an ,ed9burgh g5tleman4 ,we well recollect ! surprise occasion$ among *ess-amateurs :5 x 0 fir/ p]=m$2 inde$ x 0 g5]ally consid]$ a great] m5tal ef=t ?an t ( play+ ?ree games ( *ess at ! same "t1 )\t see+ ! bo>d4 ,! g5]al rule = mov+ ! ,knight ^u all ! squ>es ( ! bo>d1 is to comm5ce by mov+ him to t squ>e :i* comm&s ! fewe/ po9ts ( attack1 & by cont9u+ ?is pr9ciple he w occupy all ! squ>es 9 rotation1 obs]v+1 t if on any two or m squ>es 8 p[] w\ld be equal1 he may be plac$ indiff]5tly on ei!r ( su* squ>es4 ,?us we see1 t !re are diff]5t r\tes :i* ! ,knight-errant may take 9 8 progress ov] all ! bo>d2 /ill1 :i*ev] ( ^! r\tes = cov]+ ! sixty-f\r squ>es may be adapt$1 ea* move =ms1 if we may s express ourselves1 a l9k 9 an endless *a91 s t :atev] squ>e we />t f1 by tak+ "o kn[n r\te1 we are sure to arrive at a squ>e1 ! la/ l9k ( ! *a91 a ,knight's move di/ant f ! squ>e ( our dep>ture4 ,consequ5tly1 if any p]son c\ld commit to memory ! consecutive moves ( any "o r\te ov] ! bo>d1 he w\ld be able to />t f any "o squ>e 9 t r\te1 9 ! same mann] t any ( u1 if requir$ to m5tion ! num]als up to sixty-f\r1 c\ld z easily />t at ?irty & end at tw5ty-n9e1 z if we />t$ at "o & end$ at sixty-f\r4 ---------------------------------------- -------- ,met4 ,let4 ,ket4 ,het4 ,get4 ,fet4 ,det4 ,bet4 ---------------------------------------- -------- ,m54 ,l54 ,k54 ,h54 ,g54 ,f54 ,d54 ,b54 ---------------------------------------- -------- ,mix4 ,lix4 ,kix4 ,hix4 ,gix4 ,fix4 ,dix4 ,bix4 ---------------------------------------- -------- ,miv4 ,liv4 ,kiv4 ,hiv4 ,giv4 ,fiv4 ,div4 ,biv4 ---------------------------------------- -------- ,mor4 ,lor4 ,kor4 ,hor4 ,gor4 ,=4 ,dor4 ,bor4 ---------------------------------------- -------- ,mee4 ,lee4 ,kee4 ,hee4 ,gee4 ,fee4 ,dee4 ,bee4 ---------------------------------------- -------- ,moo4 ,loo4 ,koo4 ,hoo4 ,goo4 ,foo4 ,doo4 ,boo4 ---------------------------------------- -------- ,mun4 ,lun4 ,kun4 ,hun4 ,gun4 ,fun4 ,dan4 ,bun4 ---------------------------------------- -------- ,m ,l ,k ,h ,g ,f ,d ,b ,^! consid]ations greatly r$uce ! app>5t impossibility ( p]=m+ ! feat2 b ! read] w exclaim1 ,:at an imm5se und]tak+ x w\ld be1 to commit to memory ! moves =m+ a ,knight's r\te ov] ! sixty-f\r squ>es6 & we reply1 ,c]ta9ly x w\ld be1 if we us$ ! language ( ,*ess to designate ! squ>es2 & h]e9 lies ! beauty ( ! inv5tion4 ,a set ( names1 ^: application c be und]/ood at a glance1 are inv5t$ = ! squ>es1 & ! p]=m] ( ! feat1 hav+ le>n$ a r\te ( ! ,knight1 express$ by ^! inv5t$ names1 ?9ks 9 ! new language :i* he directs ! moves 9 ! t]ms ( *ess--j z _m ( u ?9k 9 ,engli%1 :5 we are writ+ or speak+ ,fr5*4 ,! diagram giv5 above repres5ts ! *ess-bo>d2 ! di/9ction ( :ite & black squ>es is n necess>y = our purpose4 ,! files1 comm5c+ f ! "r h& are di/+ui%$ by ! consonants 9 alphabetical succession 7,c & ,j are1 = obvi\s reasons1 omitt$47 ,?us1 ! ,k+'s rook's file is kn[n z ,b1 ! ,k+'s ,knight's z ,d1 ! ,k+'s ,bi%ops z ,f1 ! ,k+'s z ,g1 ! ,que5's z ,h1 ! ,que5's ,bi%op's z ,k1 ! ,que5's ,knight's z ,l1 & ! ,que5's ,rook's z ,m4 ,?is is all t has to be le>n$1 9 ?is sy/em ( ,*ess notation2 = ! l9es ( squ>es tell _! own numb]s--"o be+ un1 two oo1 ?ree ee1 f\r or1 six ix1 sev5 en1 eight et--be+1 9 fact1 ! t]m9al s\nds ( ! fir/ eight num]als4 ,bun be+ ,b "o1 or ,k+'s ,rook's squ>e2 ,gix1 ,g six1 or ,k+'s six? squ>e4 ,we consid] x q unnecess>y to say ano!r ^w 9 explanation ( ?is sy/em2 its +5i\s simplicity causes x to be und]/ood & le>n$ at a glance4 ,all t is requir$ n[ is1 to select a ,knight's r\te ov] all ! squ>es ( ! bo>d1 & commit x to memory1 n 9 ! complicat$ t]ms ( ,*ess1 b 9 ^! simple equival5ts4 ,suppose we />t f ! ,que5's ,knights sev5? squ>e1 l51 ! r\te w be z foll[s3 ,l5 het f5 bet4 ,dix bor doo gun ,koo mun lee kun4 ,moo kee goo dun4 ,bee div b5 fet4 ,h5 let mix lor4 ,hee kiv gor hix4 ,liv m5 ket g54 ,kix giv fee hor4 ,gix = hiv gee4 ,fiv d5 biv dee4 ,bun foo hun loo4 ,mor lix met k54 ,get fix det bix4 ,dor boo fun hoo4 ,lun mee kor miv ,! only tr\ble is to commit ?is cabali/ical-look+ table to memory1 :i* may be all accompli%$ 9 half an h\r2 ! process w be greatly facilitat$ by ! le>n] frequ5tly play+ ! r\te ov] on ! *ess-bo>d4 ,he w be amply rew>d$ by ! a/oni%m5t he w cause to ! natives ( 8 locality1 :o may h ! great mis=tune ( be+ unacqua9t$ ) our book's enlight5+ pages2 &1 if n q a fir/-rate play]1 he w acquire an intimate k ( ! peculi> p[]s & p]plex+ p]egr9ations ( ! ecc5tric ,caball]os1 :o ----fi]y c\rs]s guide ,) headlong spe$ ?rong w>s empurpl$ tide2 ,al]t & brave !y spr+ amid/ ! fight1 ,f :ite to black1 f black to c&id :ite4 ,illu/ration ,,ano!r ,,me?od4 ,let ,black ,que5's ,rook's ,squ>e c\nt #a1 7z 9 ! diagram17 ,black ,k+'s ,rook #h1 & c\nt all ! o!r ,squ>es 9 ! same way f #i to #fd4 ,place ! ,knight ^u ,black ,k+'s ,rook's ,squ>e1 #h1 & move z foll[s3 #bc1 #dj1 #ee1 #fa1 #ea1 #eg1 #db1 #be1 #aj1 #d1 #ad1 #bd1 #ci1 #ef1 #fb1 #eb1 #eh1 #da1 #bf1 #i1 #c1 #ac1 #g1 #bb1 #cb1 #dg1 #fd1 #ed1 #fj1 #ej1 #cc1 #ah1 #a1 #aa1 #e1 #ae1 #ba1 #f1 #af1 #ca1 #dh1 #fc1 #ec1 #ei1 #di1 #cd1 #ag1 #b1 #ab1 #bg1 #dd1 #ch1 #bh1 #dc1 #cg1 #bj1 #ce1 #de1 #cj1 #cf1 #ah1 #bi1 & #df4 ,x may be well to *alk ! figures on ! bo>d1 z a guide1 until ! feat is well und]/ood4 #dg4 ,,rosamond',s ,,b[]4 ,! subjo9$ cut repres5ts1 x is said1 ! ,maze at ,wood/ock1 9 :i* ,k+ ,h5ry plac$ ,fair ,rosamond to protect h] f ! ,que54 ,x c]ta9ly is a mo/ +5i\s contrivance1 & may be made productive ( mu* amusem5t4 ,! puzzle consi/s 9 gett+1 f "o ( ! num]\s outlets1 to ! b[] 9 ! c5t]1 )\t cross+ any ( ! l9es4 ,,rosamond',s ,,b[]4 ,illu/ration #dh4 ,a ,,maze ,,or ,,labyr9?4 ,illu/ration ,?is maze is a correct gr\nd-plan ( "o 9 ! g>d5s ( ! ,palace ( ,hampton ,c\rt4 ,no leg5d>y tale is atta*$ to x1 ( :i* we are aw>e1 b its labyr9?9e walks occasion mu* amusem5t to ! num]\s holiday p>ties :o frequ5t ! palace gr\nds4 ,! puzzle is to get into ! c5t]1 :]e seats are plac$ "u two l(ty trees2 & _m are ! disappo9tm5ts exp]i5c$ be=e ! end is atta9$2 & ev5 !n1 ! tr\ble is n ov]1 x be+ q z difficult to get out z to get 94 #di4 ,,! ,,*9ese ,,puzzle4 ,illu/ration ,illu/ration ,?is puzzle1 be+ "o = ! purpose ( con/ruct+ diff]5t figures by arrang+ v>i\sly-%ap$ pieces ( c>d or wood 9 c]ta9 ways1 requires no sep>ate explanation4 ,cut out ( v /iff c>dbo>d1 or ?9 mahogany1 :i* is decid$ly pref]able1 sev5 pieces1 9 %ape l ! annex$ figures & be>+ ! same proportion to ea* o!r2 "o piece mu/ be made 9 ! %ape ( figure #a1 "o ( figure #b1 & "o ( figure #c1 & two ( ea* ( ! o!r figures4 ,! comb9ations ( :i* ^! figures are susceptible1 are almo/ inf9ite2 & we subjo9 a repres5tation ( a few ( ! mo/ curi\s4 ,x is to be borne 9 m9d1 t all ! pieces ( :i* ! puzzle consi/s1 mu/ be employ$ to =m ea* figure4 #ej4 ,,tr\ble-,,wit4 ,take a %eet ( /iff pap]1 fold x d[n ! middle ( ! %eet1 longways2 !n turn d[n ! edge ( ea* fold outw>d1 ! bread? ( a p5ny2 measure x z x is fold$1 into ?ree equal p>ts1 ) compasses1 :i* make six divisions 9 ! %eet2 let ea* ?ird "p be turn$ outw>d1 & ! o!r1 ( c\rse1 w fall "r2 !n p9* x a qu>t] ( an in* deep1 9 plaits1 l a ruff1 s t1 :5 ! pap] lies p9*$ 9 its =m1 x is 9 ! fa%ion repres5t$ by ,a2 :5 clos$ toge!r1 x w be l ,b2 unclose x aga91 %uffle x ) ea* h&1 & x w resemble ! %uffl+ ( a pack ( c>ds2 close x & turn ea* corn] inw>d ) y\r =e f+] & ?umb1 x w appe> z a rosette = a lady's %oe1 z ,c2 /ret* x =?1 & x w resemble a cov] = an ,italian c\*1 z ,d2 let g y\r =e f+] at ! l[] end1 & x w resemble a wicket1 z ,e2 close x aga91 & p9* x at ! bottom1 spread+ ! top1 & x w repres5t a fan1 z ,f2 p9* x half way1 & op5 ! top1 & x w appe> 9 ! =m %[n by ,g2 hold x 9 t =m1 & ) ! ?umb ( y\r left h& turn out ! next fold1 & x w be z ,h4 ,illu/ration ,9 fact1 by a little +5uity & practice1 ,tr\ble-wit may be made to assume an inf9ite v>iety ( =ms1 & be productive ( v consid]able amusem5t4 ,,answ]s ,,to ,,practical ,,puzzles4 #a4 ,,! ,,*9ese ,,cross ,,answ]4 ,place ,nos4 #a & #b close toge!r1 z 9 ,fig4 #a2 !n hold !m toge!r ) ! f+] & ?umb ( ! left h& horizontally & ) ! squ>e hole to ! "r4 ,pu% ,no4 #c--plac$ 9 ! same position fac+ y 7a7 9 ,no4 #d--?r\gh ! op5+ at ,k1 & slide x to ! left at ,a1 s t ! pr(ile ( ! pieces %\ld be z 9 ,fig4 #b4 ,n[ pu% ,no4 #d p>tially ?r\gh ! space f bel[ upw>ds1 z se5 9 f1 ,fig4 #b4 ,place ,no4 #e cross-ways ^u ! "p ,y1 s t ! po9t ,r is direct$ upw>ds to ! "r h& side2 !n pu% ,no4 #d q ?r\gh1 & x w be 9 ! position %[n by ! dott$ l9es 9 ,fig4 #b4 ,all t n[ rema9s is to pu% ,no4 #f--:i* is ! key--?r\gh ! op5+ ,m & ! cross is complet$ z 9 ,fig4 #c4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig #a ,fig #b ,fig #c #b4 ,,answ] ,,to ,,! ,,p>allelogram4 ,illu/ration ,divide ! piece ( c>d into five /eps1 & by %ift+ ! position ( ! pieces1 ! desir$ figures may be obta9$4 #c4 ,,! ,,divid$ ,,g>d5 ,,answ]4 ,illu/ration #d4 ,,answ] ,,to ,,! ,,endless ,,/r+4 ,! /r+ mu/ be put ?r\gh ! armhole1 & ov] ! head1 !n ?r\gh ! opposite armhole2 !n ! h& mu/ be put up und]nea? ! wai/coat1 & ! /r+ drawn d[n ar\nd ! body until ! =m] drops d[n ab\t ! wai/1 :5 ! exp]im5t] may jump out ( x & claim 8 coat4 #e4 ,,answ] ,,to ,,! ,,*9ese ,,maze4 ,,koong-,,see',s ,,:isp]s4 ,a ,:y l+] ne> ! f5ce8 a ^w or two ,w\ld k9dle up a flame = ev] true4 ,b ,bew>e ( rivals--mis*ief hov]s ne>2 ,or1 worse mis*ance1 p>5tal fr[ns appe>4 ,c ,favor$ inde$1 ! op5 door to ga9-- ,let no di%onor n[ y\r conduct /a94 ,e ,! gr\nd is r\gh1 & difficult ! road2 ,b1 fa9t n1 ?\ %alt rea* ?y love's abode6 ,f ,aga9/ ?y c\rse runs ! oppos+ tide1 ,& waves ( tr\ble ca/ ?y hopes aside4 ,g ,a mode/ compet5ce ?y lot w be2 ,b ri*] joys ?an weal? are /or$ = !e4 ,a ,take he$6 take he$6 a /range trans=m+ doom ,may fix ?y love1 b nev] let x bloom4 ,j ,be n too ra%--nor leap ! ,bridge ( ,love1 ,leav+ fond eyelids1 moi/ ) te>s1 above4 ,k ,:at do/ ?\ on ! h\se top8 d n /eal ,?y love1 b w9 by dutiful appeal6 ,l ,a b>r5 pa? ?is way ?y foot/eps tread2 ,?y he>t w soon gr[ cold1 ?y love be fl$4 ,m ,?\ ha/ a fri5d c help ?y onw>d way-- ,& su* a fri5d w ne'er ?y tru/ betray4 ,d ,joy6 ?\ ha/ rea*$1 at l5g?1 ! w$d+ r+2 ,let :ite-rob$ maid5s orange blossoms br+2 ,oh may y\r ye>s ( happy w$lock be ,bright z y\r hopes1 & f misgiv+ free4 #f4 ,,answ] ,,to ,,v]tical ,,l9e ,,puzzle4 ,illu/ration3 ----- ----- ----- #g4 ,,! ,,?ree ,,rabbits1 ,,answ]4 ,illu/ration #h4 ,,! ,,accommodat+ ,,squ>e4 ,illu/ration #i4 ,,answ] ,,to ,,! ,,circle ,,puzzle4 ,?ru/ x upw>ds f ! o!r side4 #aj4 ,,answ] ,,to ,,! ,,cut ,,c>d ,,puzzle4 ,illu/ration ,d\ble ! c>dbo>d or lea!r l5g?ways d[n ! middle1 & !n cut fir/ to ! "r1 ne>ly to ! end1 7! n>r[ way17 & !n to ! left1 & s on to ! end ( ! c>d2 !n op5 x & cut d[n ! middle1 except ! two ends4 ,! diagram %[s ! prop] cutt+s4 ,by op5+ ! c>d or lea!r1 a p]son may pass ?r\gh x4 ,a laurel leaf may be treat$ 9 ! same mann]4 #aa4 ,,answ] ,,to ,,! ,,button ,,puzzle4 ,draw ! n>r[ slip ( ! lea!r ?r\gh ! hole1 & ! /r+ & buttons may be easily releas$4 #ab4 ,,answ] ,,to ,,! ,,qu>to ,,puzzle4 ,illu/ration ,divide ! figure 9 ! direction %[n by ! l9es1 & y w h f\r pieces ( ! same size & %ape4 #ac4 ,,answ] ,,to ,,! ,,puzzle ,,( ,,f\rte54 ,illu/ration #ad4 ,,answ] ,,to ,,! ,,squ>e ,,& ,,circle ,,puzzle4 ,illu/ration3 --------------- o o o ------- oo o ------ o oo ------- o o o --------------- #ae4 ,,! ,,scale ,,& ,,r+ ,,puzzle4 ,! puzzle consi/s 9 releas+ ! r+2 to effect :i*1 y h only to rev]se ! =m] process1 by pass+ ! loop ?r\gh ! holes ,d1 ,c1 ,b1 & ,a1 9 ! mann] be=e describ$4 #af4 ,,answ] ,,to ,,! ,,he>t ,,puzzle4 ,loos5 ! /r+1 & draw ! loop ?r\gh ! hole ,no4 #b2 pass x beh9d1 & br+ x ?r\gh ,no4 #a1 & slip x ov] ! small] he>t2 !n ! /r+ may be easily drawn out4 #ag4 ,,answ] ,,to ,,! ,,cross ,,puzzle4 ,illu/ration #ah4 ,,answ] #aj ,,! ,,yankee ,,squ>e4 ,illu/ration ,arrange ! pieces z %[n 9 ! figure above4 #ai4 ,,answ] ,,to ,,! ,,c>d ,,puzzle4 ,9 ord] to take ! pipe (f1 ! c>d mu/ be d\bl$ 7z 9 ,fig4 #b71 ! slip pass$ ?r\gh x1 until !re is suffici5t ( ! loop bel[ ! pipe to all[ "o ( ! squ>e ends ( ! slip 7,fig4 #c7 be+ pass$ ?r\gh x4 ,fig4 #c is !n to be tak5 away1 & ! pipe slipp$ (f4 ,! c>d = ?is puzzle mu/ be cut v neatly1 ! puzzle h&l$ g5tly1 & great c>e tak5 t1 9 d\bl+ ! c>d to put on ! pipe no creases are made 9 x1 z !y w\ld 9 all probability spoil y\r puzzle1 by betray+ to an acute spectator ! mode ( op]ation4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #b ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #c #bj4 ,,answ] ,,to ,,! ,,?ree ,,squ>e ,,puzzle4 ,takeaway ! pieces numb]$ #h1 #aj1 #a1 #c1 #ac1 & ?ree squ>es only w rema94 #ba4 ,,answ] ,,to ,,! ,,cyl9d] ,,puzzle4 ,take a r\nd cyl9d] ( ! diamet] ( ! circul> hole1 & ( ! height ( ! squ>e hole4 ,hav+ drawn a /raight l9e across ! end1 divid+ x into two equal p>ts1 cut an equal section f ei!r side to ! edge ( ! circul> base1 a figure l t repres5t$ by ! woodcut 9 ! m>g9 w\ld !n be produc$1 :i* w\ld fulfill ! requir$ conditions4 ,illu/ration #bb4 ,,answ] ,,to ,,! ,,f\r ,,t5ants4 ,illu/ration ,my gr\nd is divid$1 ,my t5ants at "w1 ,& he'll pr(it mo/ ,:o does n labor %irk ,s let !m toil on ,till cabbages rise1 ,& c>rots & turnips ,to gladd5 _! eyes4 ,gooseb]ries & currants1 ,& raspb]ries too1 ,%all amply repay ,! "w !y may d4 #bc4 ,,! ,,puzzle ,,wall4 ,illu/ration #bd4 ,,answ] ,,to ,,! ,,nun',s ,,puzzle4 ,illu/ration #be4 ,,horse ,,%oe ,,puzzle4 ,by cutt+ (f ! upp] circul> "p conta9+ two ( ! p9s1 & by *ang+ ! position ( ! pieces1 ano!r cut w divide ! horse %oe into six portions1 ea* conta9+ "o p94 #bf4 ,,answ] ,,to ,,c>d ,,squ>e ,,puzzle4 ,illu/ration #bg4 ,,! ,,dogs ,,puzzle ,,answ]$ ,,see ,,dott$ ,,l9es4 ,illu/ration #bh4 ,,puzzle ,,( ,,! ,,two ,,fa!rs4 ,! fir/ fa!r divid$ ! l& 9 ?is way3 ,illu/ration ,! second fa!r divid$ ! l& 9 ! foll[+ mann]3 ,illu/ration ,! diff]5t colors repres5t ! sev]al sons' portions4 #bi4 ,,! ,,triangle ,,puzzle4 ,illu/ration ,! solution ( ?is puzzle may be easily acquir$ by obs]v+ ! dott$ l9es 9 ! engrav+2 by :i* x w be se5 t f\r triangles are to be plac$ at ! corn]s1 & a small squ>e made 9 ! c5t]4 ,:5 ?is is done1 ! re/ ( ! squ>e may be quickly =m$4 #cj4 ,,answ] ,,to ,,cutt+ ,,out ,a ,,cross ,,puzzle4 ,take a piece ( writ+ pap] ab\t ?ree times z long z x is broad1 say six in*es long & two wide4 ,fold ! upp] corn] d[n1 z %[n 9 ,fig4 #a2 !n fold ! o!r upp] corn] ov] ! fir/1 & x w appe> z 9 ,fig4 #b2 y next fold ! pap] 9 half l5g?wise1 & x w appe> z 9 ,fig4 #c4 ,!n ! la/ fold is made l5g?wise also1 9 ! middle ( ! pap]1 & x w exhibit ! =m ( ,fig4 #d1 :i*1 :5 cut ?r\gh ) ! scissors 9 ! direction ( ! dott$ l9e1 w give all ! =ms m5tion$4 ,illu/ration #ca4 ,,answ] ,,to ,,ano!r ,,cross ,,puzzle4 ,illu/ration #cb4 ,,answ] ,,to ,,! ,,f\nta9 ,,puzzle4 ,illu/ration #cc4 ,,answ] ,,to ,,! ,,/> ,,puzzle4 ,good-temp]$ fri5ds6 "h n9e />s see3 ,t5 r[s !re are1 9 ea* r[ ?ree6 ,illu/ration #cd4 ,,! ,,c\nt] ,,puzzle ,,answ]4 ,place #d on #g1 #f on #b1 #a on #c1 & #h on #e2 or1 #e on #b1 #c on #g1 #h on #f1 #d on #a1 c4 #ce4 ,,answ] ,,to ,,! ,,japan ,,squ>e4 ,illu/ration #cf4 ,,answ] ,,to ,,! ,,cab9et ,,mak]s' ,,puzzle4 ,illu/ration ,! cab9et-mak] mu/ f9d ! c5t] ( ! circle1 & /rike ano!r circle1 half ! diamet] ( ! fir/1 & hav+ ! same c5t]4 ,!n cut ! :ole into f\r p>ts1 by means ( two l9es drawn at "r angles to ea* o!r1 !n cut along ! inn] circle1 & put ! pieces toge!r z 9 ! above diagram4 #cg4 ,,answ] ,,to ,,! ,,/r+ ,,& ,,balls ,,puzzle4 ,draw ! loop well d[n1 slipp+ ei!r ball ?r\gh x4 ,pu% x ?r\gh ! hole at ! extremities1 pass x ov] ! knot1 & draw x ?r\gh aga94 ,! same process mu/ be repeat$ ) ! o!r ball2 ! loop c !n be drawn ?r\gh ! hole 9 ! c5t]1 & ! ball w slide along ! cord until x rea*es ! o!r side4 ,! /r+ is !n replac$1 hav+ bo? balls on ! same side4 ,!re is ano!r & p]haps a neat] way ( p]=m+ ?is trick4 ,draw ! loop ?r\gh ! c5tral hole1 & br+ x ?r\gh f> en\gh to pass "o ( ! balls ?r\gh4 ,hav+ done ?is1 draw ! /r+ back1 & bo? balls w be f\nd on ! same side4 #ch4 ,,answ] ,,to ,,! ,,d\ble-,,head$ ,,puzzle4 ,illu/ration ,arrange !m side by side 9 ! %ort arms ( ! cross1 draw out ! c5t] piece1 & ! re/ w foll[ easily4 ,! rev]sal ( ! same process w put !m back aga94 #ci4 ,,ari?metical ,,puzzle4 ,! f\r figures are #hhhh1 :i* be+ divid$ by a l9e drawn ?r\gh ! middle1 become #jjjj_/jjjj1 ! sum ( :i* is eight #js1 or no?+4 #dj4 ,,grammatical ,,puzzle4 ,take away ,l 9 ! subjunctive ,let at ! beg9n+ ( ! fir/ l9e1 & sub/itute ,s1 & s turn x into ! imp]ative ,set1 :5 ! *anges :i* necess>ily foll[ w be imm$iately app>5t4 #da4 ,,answ] ,,to ,,! ,,tree ,,puzzle4 ,illu/ration #db4 ,,answ] ,,to ,,an ,,epitaph ,,on ,,ell9or ,,ba*ellor1 ,,an ,,old ,,pie ,,woman4 ,b5ea? 9 ! du/ ,! m\ldy old cru/ ,( ,nell ,ba*ellor lately 0 %ov53 ,:o 0 skill$ 9 ! arts ,( pies1 cu/>ds1 & t>ts1 ,& knew e use ( ! ov54 ,:5 %e'd liv'd long en\gh1 ,%e made h] la/ puff1 ,a puff by h] husb& mu* prais'd3 ,n[ "h %e do? lie1 ,to make a dirt pie1 ,9 hopes t h] cru/ w be rais'd4 #dc4 ,,answ] ,,to ,a ,,curi\s ,,lett]4 ,sir1 betwe5 fri5ds1 ,i und]/& y\r ov]be>+ disposition2 a man ev5 ) ! _w is above contempt1 :il/ ! ambiti\s are b5ea? ridicule4 #dd4 ,,answ] ,,to ,,! ,,puzzle ,,inscription4 ,by ! use ( ! s+le v[el ,e1 ! foll[+ c\plet 0 =m$1 ,,p]sev]e ,,ye ,,p]fect ,,m51 ,,ev] ,,keep ,,^! ,,precepts ,,t54 ,illu/ration ,,! ,,magic ,,( ,,art4 ,tir$ at fir/ sight ) :at ! ,muse imp>ts1 ,9 fe>less y\? we tempt ! height ( arts4 ,an almo/ endless s\rce ( amusem5t1 comb9+ at ! same "t a consid]able am\nt ( in/ruction1 may be obta9$ 9 ! foll[+ mann]4 ,take a c>d or piece ( pa/ebo>d1 or ev5 /iff pap]1 & draw ^u x ! =m ( an egg--an oval 9 outl9e4 ,! dim5sions ( ! oval are immat]ial1 & ! exp]im5t] may suit 8 own fancy 9 ?is respect4 ,) a /\t ne$le1 or trac+ po9t1 prick q ?r\gh ! outl9e1 = ! purposes ( trac+4 ,"s ( our read]s may be unacqua9t$ ) ! mode ( trac+ an outl9e1 & x may be advisable to p>ticul>ize "o me?od among _m4 ,hav+ prick$ out ! oval ^u ! c>d1 get a little r$ or black lead1 p[d]$1 & plac+ ! c>d ^u apiece ( draw+ pap]--any :ite pap] w h[ev] d--rub x ov] ! prick$-out oval1 :i* w be f\nd to be transf]r$ to ! :ite pap] b5ea?1 ?us3 ,illu/ration ,! p[d] may be appli$ ei!r ) a piece ( wool or wadd+1 or by means ( a dry camel's-hair p5cil2 c>e %\ld be tak5 n to let ! trac+-p[d] get beyond ! edge ( ! prick$ c>d1 z 9 t case a soil$1 dirty appe>ance is giv5 to ! trac+4 ,! pi]c$ c>d w s]ve1 if c>efully done1 = hundr$s ( trac+s1 & x is obvi\sly ! be/ plan to take a little extra pa9s ) t 9 ! fir/ in/ance4 ,) ?is trac$ oval = a basis1 7a little fur!r on we %all speak ( o!r figures1 to be us$ s+ly or 9 comb9ation ) ea* o!r7 any "o ) a v little skill w be able to =m an inf9ite numb] ( objects4 ,! be/ draw+ tool w be f\nd to be an ord9>y black lead p5cil4 ,figs4 #a1 #b1 #c1 #d1 #e1 #f are v easy results1 sugge/ive also ( o!rs4 ,! rules ( proc$ure are ! same 9 all4 ,leav+ ! trac$-out oval at fir/ 9 its dott$ =m1 ) ! p5cil y draw a horizontal l9e z ! basis ( y\r figure4 ,let ?is & ! o!r l9es1 :i* s]ve m]ely z ! scaffold+ ( y\r figure1 be done fa9tly or 9 dots4 ,next1 draw a l9e ?r\gh ! c5t] ( ! oval & p]p5dicul> to ! fir/4 ,^! w ensure y\r mak+ ! object squ>e & prop]ly balanc$4 ,aft] ?is y may draw l9es p>allel to ! o!rs3 b ^! are n s mat]ial1 al?\gh !y s]ve z guides4 ,illu/ration ,n[ ! imag9ation & fancy may /ep 9 to produce =ms hav+ ! oval = a f\ndation2 & n only is a v rational s\rce ( amusem5t op5$ out1 b ! opportunity is giv5 to a cultivation ( ! noble art ( design1 :e!r z appli$ to utility or ornam5t4 ,illu/ration ,illu/ration ,x is obvi\s to rem>k t ! h& ( _m an amateur arti/ w readily be able to =m ! oval )\t hav+ rec\rse to ! pi]c$ c>d2 b z ?is portion ( our "w is int5d$ = all1 we h sugge/$ ! above mode z sure to succe$ "u e circum/ance4 ,foll[+ ! same plan 9 e p>ticul>1 we subjo9 "s examples ( :at may be done ) ! squ>e4 ,illu/ration ,! dott$ l9es 7figs4 #g1 #h7 repres5t ! trac$ or sket*$ squ>e & plan l9es2 ! firm] l9es sugge/ objects =m$ ^u t figure4 ,9 ! same way ! ?9 squ>e outl9e 7fig4 #i7 sugge/s ! inn] sket* ( a *ur*4 ,i /at$ be=e t ! size ( ! fundam5tal oval or squ>e made little diff]5ce2 b ,i w\ld recomm5d my y\ng] read]s to get ^! z l>ge z possible1 or conv5i5t4 ,if a l>ge black bo>d1 su* z is us$ 9 mo/ s*ools1 c\ld be obta9$1 & ! trac+s prep>$ proportionably l>ge 7p\nd$ *alk be+ us$ in/ead ( ! black or r$ p[d] 9 transf]r+ ! =ms !reto71 & ! designs made ^u ^! ) a piece ( *alk1 s mu* ! bett]4 ,h[ev]1 ?is matt]s little2 & ea* "o w suit 8 or h] own ta/e 9 t respect4 ,i n[ proce$ to submit "s examples ( :at may be done ) o!r rudim5t>y =ms4 ,illu/ration ,foll[+ ! in/ructions previ\sly giv51 9 place ( ! squ>e sugge/$ 9 ,figs4 #g1 #h1 #i1 describe a circle4 ,?is may be done ) a pair ( compasses1 or simply sket*$ or trac$ by means ( any r\nd object1 su* z a co9 laid flat ^u ! pap]4 ,figs4 #aj1 #aa1 #ab1 #ac1 #ad1 #ae1 are giv5 m]ely z sugge/ions1 ! circle =m+ an important "p ( _! figure4 ,! m9d ( ! exp]im5t] w imm$iately rev]t to o!r objects--?\s&s su* are to be met ) ar\nd u--hav+ ! circle or ! sph]e = _! basis4 ,& x w be no mean result ( my labors1 if any numb] ( my y\ng] read]s are l$ !reby to a habit ( obs]vation1 :]eby !y w n fail to notice t ne>ly all natural objects h ! curv$ l9e = a basis1 if !y are n actually di/+ui%able !reby f ^? t are artificial4 ,illu/ration ,fig4 #af is drawn ^u two circles 9 comb9ation ) ea* o!r4 ,! dott$ l9es ( ! plan w be readily p]ceiv$2 b le/ !re %\ld be any difficulty1 !y h be5 drawn sep>ately 9 ,fig4 #ag4 ,) ?is duplex figure little skill w be requir$ to pres5t ! "l ( ! f>m y>d4 ,! ?ree outl9es1 ,figs4 #ah1 #ai1 #bj1 are bas$ ^u ! squ>e turn$ diamond-wise1 & w ne$ no fur!r rem>k3 examples ^u ?is plan may be multipli$ easily4 ,^? giv5 w s]ve z h9ts 9 ! sev]al directions ( fl[]s1 foliage1 & l&scapes g5]ally4 ,illu/ration ,be=e proce$+ to %[ :at may easily be done by a simple comb9ation ( ! figures we h con/ruct$1 i4 e41 ! oval1 squ>e1 & circle1 let me introduce ano!r1 :i* ent]s1 by a k9d ( natural law1 into almo/ all =ms or gr\ps ( =ms1 namely1 ! triangle4 ,obs]ve 9 ! annex$ cut1 ,fig4 #ba1 h[ naturally1 al?\gh unconsci\sly1 ! girl seats h]self )9 "o4 ,illu/ration ,a mom5t's reflection w %[1 t f ! little nymph 9 ! cut to ! great pyramid1 ev]y?+ t re/s solidly ^u ! e>? mu/ take ! =m1 m or less1 ( ?is broad-bas$ tap]+ figure4 ,ro(s ( h\ses1 *ur*es1 & t[]s1 are all triangul> 9 _! =m1 z are all great trees1 diff]+ f ea* o!r only 9 ! wid? ( _! angles4 ,illu/ration ,con/ruct a triangle1#ad & trace x accord+ to =m] directions1 & f ! examples1 ,figs4 #bb1 #bc1 #bd1 look ar\nd y = o!rs1 & make v>i\s ex]cises ^u ?is f\ndation4 ,illu/ration ,n[1 to proce$ to some?+ m complicat$4 ,suppose y _h ei!r 9 y\r m9d1 or sket*$ out ^u pap]1 ! plan ( a g>d52 t is to say1 suppose y _h ! dim5sions ( a piece ( gr\nd1 & int5d$ to lay x out z a g>d51 allott+ s mu* space to ?is & t b$1 s mu* to gravel walks1 & want$ to see h[ su* an arrangem5t w\ld look 9 p]spective1--9 o!r words1 9 reality1 = p]spective1 h[ev] al>m+ x may look 9 books1 ) its net-"w ( l9es1 cross & across1 l an insoluble riddle or a mon/] cobweb1 is no?+ m ?an ! actual repres5tation ( ?+s z !y meet ! eye4 ,illu/ration3 #be ,illu/ration3 #bf ,let y\r plan be :at is %[n 9 ! squ>e portion ( ,fig4 #be2 at ! top ( ?is plan place y\r triangle1 draw a l9e ?r\gh ! c5t] ( ! squ>e upw>ds1 until x meets ! top ,a ( ! triangle4 ,next draw l9es f ! corn] ( ! b$s p>allel to ! c5t] l9e until !y meet ! base l9e ( ! triangle4 ,f !nce cont9ue all ^! l9es to ! po9t ,a4 ,^! give y ! wid? ( ! b$s 9 p]spective4 ,! o!r sides ( _! figure may be easily en\gh f\nd4 ,fig4 #bf is ! p]spective view s\ght1 & is :at y\r exp]im5tal draw+ w\ld be if1 hav+ done ! plan & guide-l9es 9 p5cil & ! re/ 9 p5 & ink1 y _h eras$ ! =m] ) a piece ( india rubb]4 ,illu/ration3 #bg ,i d n "k :e!r my read]s reg>d ! matt] 9 ! same light1 b x appe>s to ! pres5t writ] t ?is little figure--! triangle--is capable ( work+ wond]s 9 ! h&s ( an amateur draughtsman1 if only prop]ly us$4 ,( c\rse1 ^? regul>ly educat$1 or submitt$ to a long c\rse ( tra9+ z arti/s1 are n ref]r$ to1 b only ! g5]al public1 :i* by ! by1 means n9ete5 out ( e tw5ty individuals4 ,i ask :e!r ! prec$+ cut is any exagg]ation on ! av]age sort ( result atta9$1 n only among/ v juv5ile exp]im5t]s1 b ^? ( matur] age8 ,illu/ration3 #bh ,ev]ybody possess$ ( vision c tell1 ord9>ily1 :e!r a build+ or o!r object is upright1 or 9 ! position prop] to x1 or necess>y to its /ability4 ,by accu/om+ ! h& to =m l9es1 ovals1 circles1 squ>es1 & triangles1 & by habituat+ ! m9d to =m comp>isons betwe5 objects1 & ^! & o!r figures1 a p]son is put imp]ceptibly1 z x 71 9 ! way ( depict+ !m ) accuracy4 ,to proce$--let u take ! above misrepres5t$ c\ntry resid5ce1 & apply+ to x ! previ\sly giv5 rules1 see :at we c make ( x4 ,we w\ld fir/ draw or trace ! p>allelogram %[n 9 dott$ l9es2 ov] ?is1 we place a triangle2 !n draw+ an upright l9e ?r\gh ! c5t] ( bo?1 make t ! base ( ano!r & l5g!n$ triangle1 z %[n 7see ,fig4 #bh74 ,?us we get ! ?ree l9es ( ! side & ro(s2 & if we knew ! proportionate height ( ! side w9d[1 by m>k+ ! same at a1 b1 & c>ry+ ! l9es f ^? po9ts to ! apex ( ! triangle1 we get its true p]spective dim5sions4 ,! diff]5ce betwe5 ! two results is z great z possible4 ,9 ,fig4 #bi ! triangle plac$ at ! side ( ! soldi] 9 front gives ! p]spective ( ! :ole l9e4 ,illu/ration3 #bi ,illu/ration3 #cj ,fig4 #cj %[s h[ two p>allelograms 9 comb9ation assi/ 9 giv+ ! p]spective ( a block ( /one or bale ( goods4 ,fig4 #ca exhibits ! p>allelogram & triangle 9 comb9ation4 ,p]haps no?+ is m puzzl+ to ! tyro 9 sket*+ ?an ! int]ior ( rooms & halls4 ,9 ,fig4 #cb a v easy me?od is giv54 ,trace ! out] p>allelogram1 & )9 x1 a small] "o2 !n connect ! corn]s ( ! two z %[n 9 ! cut4 ,illu/ration3 #ca ,illu/ration3 #cb ,illu/ration3 #cc ,fig4 #cc is ! application ( ! prec$+4 ,illu/ration3 #cd ,illu/ration3 #ce ,by ! pres5t pap] ,i int5d to let y into a great secret1 ! secret1 namely1 ( ,comic or ,funny ,draw+--a me?od1 9 fact1 :i* is at ! bottom ( all humor\s1 or c>icature sket*+4 ,don't let any "o be al>m$1 & suppose t x is int5d$ to set y quizz+ & c>icatur+ y\r fri5ds4 ,f> f x4 ,illu/ration3 #cf ,illu/ration3 #cg ,draw ! oval1 ,fig4 #cd4 ,divide x by transv]se l9es into ab\t equal portions4 ,y h n[ ! basis = a face4 ,let ! c5tral l9e 7across7 m>k ! position ( ! eyes1 ! l9e above t ! top ( ! =ehead1 ! "o bel[ ! bottom ( ! nose4 ,by ,fig4 #ce y w see ?is work$ out1 & h :at is consid]$ a well proportion$ face4 ,illu/ration3 #ch ,n[ oddity ( feature or expression is simply ! result ( a deviation f ?is regul>ity2 & if1 z y w p]ceive by ! o!r ,figs41 #cf1 #cg & #ch1 ^! l9es are plac$ high] or l[]1 or out ( _!1 /rictly speak+1 prop] places1 y h1 z a necess>y result ( su* dis>rangem5t1 oddity1 or comicality1 :i* is f\nd$ ^u irregul>ity or incongruity 9 ?+s4 ,illu/ration3 #ci ,illu/ration3 #dj ,i %all c>ry out ?is h9t m fully1 at pres5t m]ely po9t+ out1 9 ref]5ce to ! next two figures1 h[ ! end is atta9$ by plac+ a pair ( d>k spectacles ^u a regul>ly-featur$ face1 or add+ a little fle% to ! l[] portion ( t at ,fig4 #ci4 ,b n to =get ! ,art 9 ! ,sport1 let me add1 t by sket*+ ! pla9 oval1 & rem>k+ :]eab\t ! l9es ( _! features w\ld cut x1 y may1 )\t difficulty1 attempt lik5esses ( y\r fri5ds & companions4 ,n[ fill y\r slates or sket*-books ) ovals1 & try ! effects ( :i* ! above are b indications4 ,y\r imag9ations w furni% an endless v>iety ( subjects4 ,! omission ( "o eye1 or its be+ cov]$ by a %ade1 or clos$ :ile ! o!r />es2 ! nose slightly on "o side1 ! m\? a little wid] ?an usual--^! are all s\rces ( ! humor\s1 :i*1 h[ev]1 is f> f be+ height5$ by ugl9ess4 ,inde$1 x %\ld be borne 9 m9d1 t great di/ortion or hide\sness1 s f> f contribut+ to humor1 de/roys x by rais+ pa9ful images 9 ! m9d4 ,true humor is closely alli$ to k9dness4 ,n[ let u take ! simple/ elem5ts ( ! pr(ile or side face4 ,?is is also =m$ ^u ! oval1 ) a slight v>iation4 ,& "h we mu/ g a little m into ! ,art ?an at fir/ sight ! ,sport seems to w>rant4 ,y w p]ceive by ,fig4 #da t ! oval us$ = pr(ile purposes is divid$ z be=e into f\r ab\t equal portions1 :i* are appropriat$ 9 ! same mann]4 ,t is to say1 ! c5tral l9e across is = ! eye1 & ! o!r two = ! limit ( ! hair & ! bottom ( ! nose4 ,illu/ration3 #da ,b take notice t portions are cut (f--e4 g41 at ! back :]e ! neck is ins]t$2 a little has to be add$ = =ehead1 *91 & hair2 & "s modification takes place ab\t ! region ( ! eye4 ,suffice x t ! oval =ms ess5tially ! basis ( ! /ructure ( a well proportion$ face1 su* z is %[n 9 ! ,fig4 7#da74 ,draw = y\rself1 or trace f ,fig4 #da1 a figure = y\r basis4 ,next make a numb] ( ^! trac+s ^u a clean %eet ( draw+ pap]1 & m>k+ !m 9 v lightly1 9 p5cil1 proce$ z direct$ 9 ! case ( ! front face 9 ! la/ lesson2 alt]+ ! feature l9es1 l5g!n+ or %ort5+ ! *91 nose1 & =ehead accord+ to y\r fancy4 ,?is w be a suffici5t guide = y1 & illu/rations ( ?is are accord+ly omitt$ "h4 ,illu/ration3 #db ,illu/ration3 #dc ,let u proce$ a /ep fur!r4 ,! la/ h9t only dealt ) ! dep? relatively ( ! sev]al p>ts ( ! face4 ,n[1 z to _! prom95ce4 ,h[ v easily1 by means ( a few magic t\*es1 :i*1 by ?is "t1 y are magicians en\gh to imp>t1 may y summon up our anci5t acqua9tance ,"m ,hubb>d1 or ! mod]n h]o ,pun*4 7,see ,figs4 #db1 #dc47 ,illu/ration3 #dd ,illu/ration3 #de ,obs]ve t ! peculi>ity ( ^! comic physiognomies consi/s m]ely 9 _! deviation f ! regul>ly =m$ head ( ,fig4 #da4 ,!y are con/ruct$ ^u t figure1 :i* may be se5 und]nea? 9 dott$ l9es4 ,! v>iety ( ways 9 :i* ?is ex]cise may be work$ is inf9ite4 ,subjo9$ are a few4 ,9 ,figs4 #dd & #de1 be>ds1 mu/a*es1 eyebr[s1 ! hair cut absurdly %ort1 or left r$undant1 jo9$ to ! s9k+ 9 ( ! facial angle1 produce ! effect ( comicality4 ,9 ,figs4 #df1 #dg1 ! same end is atta9$ by ! simple/ means1 & ) ev5 less exagg]ation4 ,& "h ,i aga9 repeat1 t ! less deviation !re is f ! prop] proportions ! bett]4 ,illu/ration3 #df ,illu/ration3 #dg ,z a p5dant to ! comical l&scape giv5 ,no4 #bg ,i give y ! annex$ 7,fig4 #dh74 ,illu/ration3 #dh ,illu/ration3 #di ,e "o w recognize x z a model draw+--su* z is to be f\nd ^u walls1 & occasionally ^u ! m>g9s ( s*ool-books4 ,?is ! arti/ 767 int5ds f a comic draw+4 ,( c\rse x is no su* ?+4 ,we w new take up ! gr&e/ object ( art ! ,human ,figure4 ,9 design+ ! human figure1 !re are ?ree pr9cipal rules to be obs]v$3 ,fir/1 ! /&>d height ( ! human body may be reckon$ z eight times ! l5g? ( ! face4 ,divid+ ! entire l5g? by eight1 z %[n 9 ! annex$ diagram 7,fig4 #di71 x w be p]ceiv$ t ! face comprises "o ( ! spaces3 ! second rea*+ to ! *e/3 ! ?ird1 to above ! hips2 ! f\r? cuts ! entire l5g? into two equal p>ts2 ! fif? ext5ds to ! c5t] ( ! ?igh3 ! six?1 to ! knee jo9t2 ! sev5? to half way d[n ! leg2 & ! eigh?1 to ! sole ( ! foot4 ,! second rule is1 t no "p ( ! body1 view$ lat]ally1 is m ?an twice ! ?ickness ( ! head4 ,9 v "y *ildr51 h[ev]1 ! rule is1 t :]e ! head w g1 any "p ( ! body w foll[1 z ! exp]i5ce ( mo/ p has te/$4 ,! ?ird rule conc]ns ! c5t] ( gravity4 ,by ref]5ce to ! fig4 7#di71 a v]tical l9e w be p]ceiv$1 drawn ?r\gh ! c5t] ( ! figure4 ,:5ev] ! body is at re/ ^u its legs1 /&+ at ease1 z "o may say1 ?is imag9>y l9e mu/ always pass ?r\gh its c5t]4 ,we %all see m ab\t ?is h]eaft]1 at pres5t conf9+ ourselves to ! consid]ation ( ! fir/ two rules ,^! mu/ be consid]$ z only g5]ally true4 ,illu/ration3 #ej ,!y h1 h[ev]1 to be well consid]$ 9 connection ) our pres5t subject2 = z we said ) ! face1 any great deviation f !m leads to oddity1 & is at ! root ( c>icature draw+4 ,trace out1 or sket* out any size1 ! figures 7,fig4 #di & #ej71 or any o!rs = y\rselves3 or tak+ any well drawn figure 9 a pr9t :i* may n be too co/ly to use s1 draw ) a black lead p5cil ^u ! pr9t simil> l9es to ^? 9 ! figures1 t is to say1 divide its l5g? into eight p>ts1 fir/ dropp+ a c5tral l9e p]p5dicul> to ! gr\nd4 ,y w ?us te/ ! accuracy ( ! rule1 & famili>ize y\rself ) ! proportions ( ! figure4 ,!n1 = ! purpose ( comic draw+1 y w v>y ^! proportions4 ,a face too long or too %ort1 a body too l>ge or too small = ! legs1 or legs o!rwise disproportionate to ! re/ ( ! body1 w yield ! desir$ results4 ,x w be se5 by ! ,figs4 #ea & #eb t _! oddity has be5 arriv$ at simply by ?is rule1 or by ! deviation f ! /rict rule ( proportion4 ,illu/ration3 #ea ,illu/ration3 #eb ,illu/ration3 #ec ,fig4 #ec is giv5 9 illu/ration ( ! rem>ks ^u ! second rule4 ,! =m is correct en\gh z reg>ds height1 & deviates 9 ! matt] ( lat]al proportion4 ,we n[ come to consid] ! ?ird pr9ciple--t ( ! c5t] ( gravity4 ,obs]ve 9 ! annex$ figures h[ ! fir/ 7,fig4 #ed7 be+ at re/1 comm5ds itself to ! reason l a ma!matical demon/ration4 ,! next diagram %[s a p>tial deviation f ! c5t] ( gravity1 is 9 a false position1 & we beg9 ei!r to pity or to laugh--poor diagram6 ,! two foll[+ figures are o!r cases ( ! same sort--we feel in/9ctively = !m--!y are v f> gone4 ,try ?is rule ^u y\r slates or sket*+ blocks2 & aft] t we w g on to ! next subject4 ,9 ! diagrams 7,figs4 #eh1 #ei71 ! same pr9ciple is en=c$4 ,! fir/ is at re/1 because ! l9e pass+ ?r\gh ! c5t] ( ! figure is a v]tical l9e4 ,9 ! next figure1 t l9e be+ out ( ! v]tical1 ! balance is di/urb$1 & ! figure topples2 s ) ! next4 ,?is is s pla9 t argum5t is n ne$$ to demon/rate x4 ,illu/ration3 #ed ,illu/ration3 #ee ,illu/ration3 #ef ,illu/ration3 #eg ,illu/ration3 #eh ,illu/ration3 #ei ,illu/ration3 #fj ,try ?is also = y\rselves z be=e4 ,nor ne$ we conf9e our exp]im5ts to figures comp>atively at re/3 =ms 9 e v>iety ( action come "u ! same rule--x is a law ( nature4 ,!re is a c5tral l9e drawn ?r\gh ! :ole sy/em ( ! univ]se1 ?r\gh e tree1 & plant1 & /one1 & e upright ?+1 c\ld we b see x4 ,illu/ration3 #fa ,illu/ration3 #fb ,! fir/ ( ! foll[+ figures is 9 full action1 b x may g on = ev]1 z its balance is n 9 any way di/urb$4 ,! second is fa/ ha/5+ to its fall4 ,! ?ird is mu* ne>] /ill to t consummation4 ,illu/ration3 #fc ,illu/ration3 #fd ,illu/ration3 #fe ,illu/ration3 #ff ,x w sugge/ itself to e read] to apply ! rule to o!r objects ?an ! human figure4 ,trees 9 ! positions ( ,figs4 #fd & #fe are nev] se5 unless ?r\gh "s viol5t accid5t2 !y may b5d1 & twi/1 & me&]1 b tak+ ! objects z a :ole1 a c5tral l9e1 v]tical to ! horizon1 w be detect$1 z %[n 9 ,fig4 #fe4 ,if we turn our att5tion 9 any direction ^u natural objects1 ! cl\ds1 ! e>?1 ! sea1 fl[]s1 trees1 or animal bodies1 we _c fail to see t a curv$ l9e is always to be made out 9 _! =ms4 ,inde$1 j s f> z !y are graceful & pleas+ objects to ! eye1 ?is curv$ l9e is di/+ui%able4 ,on ! contr>y1 squ>e l9es (f5d ! eye :5 met ) "u su* circum/ances4 ,x is almo/ impossible inde$ to imag9e a squ>e cl\d1 a squ>e fl[]1 or a squ>e horse4 ,:5 we see a squ>e head$ man1 we are n impress$ 9 8 favor4 ,we may h met ) repres5tations ( natural objects1 su* z rocks1 hill tops1 m\nta9 precipices1 & ! l1 :i* _h a squ>e or ne>ly squ>e appe>ance2 b su* ?+s are almo/ always pres5t$ to our view z ph5om5a--i4 e4 ?+s violat+ ! regul> ord] or g5]al rule ( nature4 ,?is curv$ l9e1 :i* is ! l9e ( beauty1 mu/ p]vade all nature2 x is ! natural law2 & we _c suffici5tly admire ! tru? t t :i* is mo/ necess>y is also mo/ beautiful4 ,does any "o ask :at p>ticul> ref]5ce ^! obs]vations h to ,art 9 ,sport8 ,let u say t !y alone c prop]ly und]/& :at is comic :o h le>n$ to appreciate :at is n comic4 ,! di/ance betwe5 ! sublime & ! ridicul\s is said to be v small--only "o /ep4 ,at any rate1 ! /ud5t :o be/ und]/&s ! fir/ w be/ appreciate ! second4 ,socrates did n disda9 to write an essay ^u ?is subject1 insi/+ t ! v same qualities 7 ess5tial 9 ! comic & ! tragic arti/4 ,b ?is is digressive4 ,illu/ration3 #fg ,let u resume3 ,9 ! annex$ figure 7#fg7 y p]ceive ! curv$ l9e4 ,9 proportion z y are able to make ?is p]fectly1 y w succe$ 9 draw+ gracefully4 ,i mu/ presume t v _m ( my read]s w h no difficulty 9 copy+ ! few natural objects sugge/$ bel[4 ,practice ^u y\r slate or bo>d ! figure 7#fg7 until y c d x easily4 ,!n1 = ! purposes ( sport1 proce$ z foll[s4 ,y wi% to produce a droll bit ( l&scape4 ,take any simple view1 su* z submitt$ 9 ,fig4 #fh4 ,illu/ration3 #fh ,9 ?is y w readily discov]1 z ,i said above1 ! curv$1 graceful l9es ( beauty--9 ! cl\ds1 ! outl9e ( ! di/ant hills1 ! foliage1 ! me&]+ /ream4 ,let me advise y to practice ?is lesson some:at p]sev]+ly2 ap>t f ! new s\rce ( amusem5t :i* x is ! object ( ^! pap]s to op5 up1 a beautiful lesson c\ld be impress$ ^u ! m9d4 ,no?+ is m calculat$ to ref9e ! m9d1 to ennoble ! ?\ghts1 ?an to )draw "o's self f ! artificial _w1 & to gaze ^u ! fre% face ( nature4 ,& if we are able to d ?is intellig5tly--9 o!r words1 if1 hav+ le>n$ ! alphabet1 we are able to p]use z x 7 ! book ( nature--! delight & ! advantage is proportionably increas$4 ,n[ turn to ! example %[n 9 ,fig4 #fi4 ,:at d we see8 ,! l9es ( beauty h giv5 place to o!rs less pleas+ to ! eye1 & 7except z a s\rce ( m]rim5t7 less acceptable to ! m9d4 ,fig4 #fi is a comic l&scape2 h[ x has become s mu/ be cle>ly app>5t4 ,illu/ration3 #fi ,9 ,fig4 #gj1 ! same process is c>ri$ out1 & ! result is simil>4 ,illu/ration3 #gj ,i hope t ,i %all n be und]/ood to mean1 t 9 ord] to be graceful ev]y?+ mu/ be r\nd1 or t ev]y?+ r\nd is graceful1 or t e squ>e object is ungraceful2 or1 aga91 t by mak+ any curv$ l9e into a squ>e or /raight "o ! end we propose is to be obta9$4 ,d\btless _m r\nd ?+s are ungraceful1 z _m o!rs compos$ entirely ( /raight l9es at v>i\s angles to ea* o!r are exce$+ly graceful4 ,b :at is meant is ?is3 t natural objects1 9 :i*1 left to !mselves1 ! curv$ l9e pr$om9ates1 are made odd & comic-look+ :5 drawn ^u ! squ>e4 ,illu/ration3 #ga ,9 ,fig4 #ga1 n only ! l9es ( ! %eph]d's =m are curv$ l9es1 &1 !re=e1 conducive 9 a degree to its g5]al pleas+ "*1 b ! attitude is =m$ ^u a curv$ l9e4 ,?is w be p]ceiv$ cle>] by ref]5ce to ! next figure1 7#gb17 9 :i*1 )\t us+ a s+le /raight l9e 9 ! p>ts ( ! =m1 ! oddity is atta9$ by mak+ ! :ole attitude /iff & angul>4 ,illu/ration3 #gb ,! /ud5t w f9d no difficulty 9 multiply+ examples = himself3 ^? giv5 w suffice z h9ts4 ,we mu/ n[ proce$ to %[ h[ comic designs may be made & appli$ to ! slides ( magic lant]ns4 ,! prop] c\rse ( proc$ure is z foll[s3 ,procure a piece ( cle> common w9d[ glass1 )\t specks or scrat*es2 let ?is be made p]fectly clean4 ,prep>e y\r design1 :i* %\ld be made ! exact size y int5d x to be pa9t$ ^u ! glass2 color x2 & :5 q dry1 place x b5ea? y\r slide ( glass1 to :i* x might be fa/5$ at ! corn]s by means ( a little gum or v>ni%4 ,n[ comm5ce to pa9t ^u ! glass an exact fac simile ( ! design1 :i*1 ( c\rse1 y see cle>ly en\gh ?r\gh ! glass4 ,common camel's hair bru%es w d2 ^? made ( sable are1 h[ev]1 mu* bett]2 b ! fir/ w suffice = ord9>y purposes4 ,! colors necess>y are :at are call$ silica colors1 & are procurable ( mo/ arti/'s color mak]s4 ,x w be necess>y to let y\r fir/ colors dry be=e putt+ on y\r %ades2 & x is desirable n to "w 9 too hot a room1 z ! nature ( ! v>ni% ) :i* y "w is to dry v rapidly4 ,be> 9 m9d too1 t ^u glass y _c wa% 9 a t9t4 ,broad surfaces1 su* z skies1 mu/ be /ippl$ 91 z 9 pa9t+ ^u ivory4 ,9 orig9at+ ?is pap] on ,! ,magic ( ,art1 ! au?or did n propose to himself to give a complete treatise1 b simply to po9t out1 by "s v easy processes1 at s\rce ( amusem5t & in/ruction1 available to almo/ e intellig5t read]4 ,x is hop$ t1 9 ?is subject1 he has n entirely fail$1 & t all w f9d "s ent]ta9m5t f1 ,art 9 ,sport4 ,,footnotes3 ,footnote #ad3 ,?is is done easily en\gh1 b ! foll[+ directions may n be ne$less = "s4 ,draw a /raight l9e = a base ( any l5g?4 ,if y wi% to =m a equilat]al triangle1 i4 e4 "o ( :i* ! ?ree sides are equal1 divide ?is base l9e by two1 & at ! po9t ( division set up an upright l9e2 !n f ea* end ( ! base l9e slant aga9/ ! c5tral upright l9e "o ! l5g? ( ! base4 ,^!1 ( c\rse1 w meet at ! top1 & ! triangle is =m$4 ,any o!r triangle may be =m$ 9 a simil> mann]1 ! l5g? ( ! sides be+ at ! *oice ( ! arti/4 ,,secret ,,writ+4 ,illu/ration ,! art ( communicat+ secret in=mation by means ( writ+1 :i* is int5d$ to be illegible except by ! p]son = :om x is de/9$1 is v anci5t4 ,! anci5ts sometimes %av$ ! head ( a slave1 & wrote ^u ! sk9 ) "s indelible color+ matt]1 & !n s5t him1 aft] 8 hair _h be5 gr[n aga91 to ! place ( 8 de/9ation4 ,?is is n1 h[ev]1 prop]ly secret writ+1 b only a concealm5t ( writ+4 ,ano!r k9d1 :i* corresponds bett] ) ! "n1 is ! foll[+1 us$ by ! anci5ts4 ,!y took a small /ick1 & w\nd ar\nd x b>k or papyrus1 ^u :i* !y wrote4 ,! b>k 0 !n unroll$ & s5t to ! correspond5t1 :o 0 furni%$ ) a /ick ( ! same size4 ,he w\nd ! b>k aga9 r\nd ?is1 & ?us 0 enabl$ to read :at _h be5 writt54 ,?is mode ( concealm5t is evid5tly v imp]fect4 ,cryptography prop]ly consi/s 9 writ+ ) signs1 :i* are legible only to him = :om ! writ+ is int5d$1 or :o has a key or explanation ( ! signs4 ,! mo/ simple me?od is to *oose = e lett] ( ! alphabet "s sign1 or only ano!r lett]4 ,b ?is sort ( cryptography 7*iffre7 is also easy to be deciph]$ )\t a key4 ,h5ce _m illusions are us$4 ,no sep>ation is made betwe5 ! words1 or signs ( no mean+ are ins]t$ betwe5 ^? ( real mean+4 ,v>i\s keys are also us$ accord+ to rules be=e agre$ ^u4 ,by ?is means ! deciph]+ ( ! writ+ becomes difficult = a ?ird p]son n initiat$1 b x is also extremely tr\blesome to ! correspond5ts !mselves1 & a slight mi/ake (t5 makes x illegible ev5 to !m4 ,ano!r mode ( communicat+ intellig5ce secretly1 viz4 to agree ^u "s pr9t$ book1 & m>k ! words out1 is also tr\blesome1 & n at all safe4 ,! me?od ( conceal+ ! words :i* are to convey ! in=mation int5d$ 9 matt] ( a v diff]5t "*1 9 a long lett] :i* ! correspond5t is enabl$ to read by apply+ a pap] to x1 ) holes correspond+ to ! places ( ! significant words1 is att5d$ ) _m disadvantages3 ! pap] may be lo/1 ! repetition ( c]ta9 words may lead to a discov]y1 & ! difficulty ( connect+ ! important ) ! unimportant matt]1 s z to give to ! :ole ! appe>ance ( an ord9>y lett]1 is consid]able4 ,!re are _m k9ds ( sympa!tic inks4 ,!y are s call$ because ! writ+s or draw+s made by !m are illegible1 till by ! action ( "s *emical ag5ts1 su* z light1 heat1 acids1 or o!r sub/ances are br\ght 9 contact ) !m1 :5 !y appe>4 ,a weak sulphate ( iron w be invisible 9 writ+ till wa%$ ov] ) a weak solution ( prussiate ( potass1 :i* turns x ( a beautiful blue4 ,if we write ) ! nitro-muriate ( gold1 & aft]w>ds bru% ! lett]s ov] ) dilute muriate ( t91 ! writ+ w appe> ( a beautiful purple4 ,if we write ) a dilut$ solution ( muriate ( copp]1 & :5 dry pres5t x to ! fire1 x w be ( a yell[ color4 ,*emi/ry 0 also 9 great reque/ = secret writ+1 & v>i\s sub/ances 7 f\nd to af=d a fluid :i* w\ld leave no m>k beh9d ! p51 until "s *emical ag5t 7 appli$4 ,= example1 if a lett] be writt5 ) a p5 dipp$ 9 ! juice ( lemon1 ! words w be invisible until ! pap] is held be=e ! fire4 ,?is is caus$ by ! action ( ! heat4 ,aga91 if a solution ( nitrate ( iron be ! fluid us$1 ! writ+ _c be se5 until x is dipp$ into a solution ( galls1 or ev5 into tea1 :i* w act ^u ! iron1 & become ink4 ,x 0 f\nd t if a pla9 %eet ( pap] 7 s5t1 & int]cept$1 ! v fact ( its be+ pla9 r5d]$ x suspici\s1 & e means 7 us$ to r5d] visible any writ+ t might be on x4 ,a lett] 0 !re=e writt5 ) ord9>y ink1 on indiff]5t subjects1 & betwe5 ! l9es ! requir$ in=mation 0 add$ 9 "s sympa!tic ink4 ,b writ+ ) ^! or o!r sympa!tic inks is unsafe1 because ! ag5ts employ$ to r5d] !m visible are too g5]ally kn[n4 ,h5ce1 ! *iffre ind*iffrable1 z x is call$1 has come v mu* into use1 because x is easily appli$1 difficult to be deciph]$1 & ! key may be pres]v$ 9 ! memory & easily *ang$4 ,x consi/s ( a table 9 :i* ! lett]s ( ! alphabet1 or any o!r signs agre$ ^u1 are arrang$ z foll[3 z a b c d e f g h i k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z a b c d e f g h i k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z a b c d e f g h i k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z a b c d e f g h i k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z a b c d e f g h i k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z a b c d e f g h i k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z a b c d e f g h i k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z a b c d e f g h i k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z a b c d c f g h i k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z a b c d e f g h i k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z a b c d e f g h i k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z a b c d e f g h i k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z a b c d e f g h i k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z a b c d e f g h i k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z a b c d e f g h i k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z a b c d e f g h i k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z a b c d e f g h i k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z a b c d e f g h i k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z a b c d e f g h i k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z a b c d e f g h i k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z a b c d e f g h i k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z a b c d e f g h i k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z a b c d e f g h i k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z a b c d e f g h i k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z a b c d e f g h i k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z a b c d e f g h i k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z a b c d e f g h i k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z ,any ^w is n[ tak5 = a key4 ,! ^w ,p>is1 = example4 ,?is is a %ort ^w1 & = ! sake ( secresy x w\ld be well to *oose = ! key "s "o or m words less /rik+4 ,suppose we wi% to write 9 ?is cyph] ) ?is key ! phrase1 ,we lo/ a battle1 we mu/ write ,p>is ov] ! phrase1 repeat+ x z (t5 z is necess>y1 ?us3 ,pa ris,p a ris,par ,we lo/ a battle4 ,we n[ take cyph] = w1 ! lett] :i* we f9d 9 ! squ>e opposite w 9 ! left m>g9 column1 & "u p on ! top1 :i* is m4 ,in/ead ( e we take ! lett] opposite e1 & "u a1 :i* is f2 = l1 ! lett] opposite c1 & "u z1 & s on4 ,proce$+ ?us1 we %\ld obta9 ! foll[+ s]ies ( lett]s3 mf cxli b tkmimw ,! p]son :o receives ! epi/le writes ! key ov] ! lett]s ,p a r i s ,p a r i s ,p a r m f c x l i b t k m i m w ,he n[ goes d[n 9 ! p]p5dicul> l9e1 at ! top ( :i* is p1 until he meets m1 opposite to :i*1 9 ! left m>g9al column1 he f9ds w4 ,next1 go+ 9 ! l9e ( a d[n to f he f9ds1 on ! left1 e4 ,9 ! same way r gives l1 i gives o1 & s on4 ,or y may rev]se ! process2 beg9 ) p1 9 ! left m>g9al column1 & look along horizontally till y f9d m1 ov] :i*1 9 ! top l9e1 y w f9d w4 ,x is easily se5 t ! same lett] is n always designat$ by ! same cyph]2 ?us e & a occur twice 9 ! phrase select$1 & !y are designat$ respectively by ! cyph]s f & w1 b & k4 ,?us ! possibility ( f9d+ out ! secret writ+ is almo/ impossible4 ,! key may be *ang$ f "t to "t1 & a diff]5t key may be us$ ) ea* correspond5t4 ,! utmo/ accuracy is necess>y1 because "o "* accid5tally omitt$ *anges ! :ole cyph]4 ,! be/ way ( det]m9+ ! key ^w is to arrange t any ^w :i* occurs at a c]ta9 di/ance f ! beg9n+ or end %all be ! key ^w--! t5? f ! beg9n+1 = example4 ,! key ^w w ?us *ange e "t1 & any comb9ation ( lett]s w make x4 ,?is w make x impossible to be guess$4 ,! easie/ me?od ( work+ ?is squ>e is to cut a piece ( ?9 wood l a c>p5t]'s squ>e1 & by apply+ x to ! alphabet ! lett] is at once se5 9 ! angle4 ,= example1 suppos+ su* a squ>e to be appli$ s t "o side is on ! lett] p at ! top1 & ! o!r on ! lett] w at ! left h&1 ! lett] m w be 9 ! angle1 s t ! tr\ble ( foll[+ ! l9es ) ! eye w be avoid$4 ,"h is ano!r specim5 ( secret writ+4 ,a ,,lock ,,= ,,mr4 ,,hobbs ,,to ,,pick4 ,t3#b #bart3717t3#b s#ba717t3#b /#arr#f s1#f717 #ar#b #hfp 3 #brs wr#ct #gf 3 #a-i #icv#c-b717 ,t 3 #at 3 #a-i w3#ch3 t#e-bi t3#bcr 3 #ar 8 #d-f717 #a-i #gaib t3#bcr v#ar#cbi 46#dr#cbe s3#c-b737 #c- t3#b8 #bb- 3#bat3#b-s #bfb 8#af s#bb ,s#f8gd6s #c- #e-b 4r#a-i tr#ct3 #hd8ge-b727 #gft #c- t3#b #gdd1 #dj #gdd1s t3#br#b 6#cbs #a 1#bf #cd r#bai t3#bcr 8#f/#br#cbs 747 ,t3#b- 6#bt -#dt #jact36#bss t#d-4eb #aiv#a-hb #cts s3#a66dw v#ae-ts717-#dr s#hdjjbr #iar#b #ep#d- t3#b #gasl#b #dj #c4-dr#a-hb ,t#d r#acs#b #a /r#eht#er#b #dj #ibsp#acr767 ,t3#de43 #jdd6s 8#af 4#cv#b t3#b w#dr6#is t#d #h3a-hb717 #ibs#c4- #a-i pr#dv#cib-hb #ar#b t3#br#b747 3#dw #g6c-ibi717w3#d #at #ibat3 #a6d-b ,t3#bcr #ibbp s#c4-cjcha-hf #dw-767 ,,"h ,,is ,,! ,,answ]4 ,! lett]s are repres5t$ by ! figures & symbols bel[ !m4 ,) ?is key ! lock may be op5$4 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o u y #a #g #h #i #b #j 4 3 #c 2 1 6 8 - #d #e #f ,! /ops enclos$ 9 brackets1 are us$ 9 _! capacity ( /ops3 ?us1 717 727 c4 ,! e>?1 ! sea1 ! />ry sky1 ,are cyph]s writ by h& div9e1 ,t h& :i* tun$ _! h>mony1 ,& bade _! v>i$ glories %9e2 ,9 !m e'en hea!n's eye may see ,symbols 9 "o gr& ,tru? comb9e2 ,b 9 ! book ( books !re lies ,a key to read _! my/]ies4 ,!n let n fai?less tongue advance ,its %all[ vaunts1 nor sc(f] d>e ,^u ! base ( ignorance ,to raise a /ructure ( despair6 ,?\gh fools may give ! _w to *ance ,design & ,provid5ce are !re3 ,h[ bl9d$1 :o at dea? alone ,_! deep significancy own6 ,,! ,,circul> ,,cyph]4 ,to c>ry on a correspond5ce )\t ! possibility ( ! mean+ ( ! lett] be+ detect$1 9 case x %\ld be op5$ by any o!r p]son1 has employ$ ! +5uity ( _m4 ,no me?od w be f\nd m effectual = ?is purpose1 or m easy1 ?an ! foll[+4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #a4 ,provide a piece ( squ>e c>d or pa/ebo>d1 & draw a circle on x1 :i* circle is to be divid$ into #bg equal p>ts1 9 ea* ( :i* p>ts mu/ be writt5 "o ( ! capital lett]s ( ! alphabet1 & ! 1 z 9 ! figure4 ,let ! c5t] ( ?is circle be blank4 ,!n draw ano!r circle1 also divid$ into #bg equal p>ts1 9 ea* ( :i* write "o ( ! small lett]s ( ! alphabet1 & ! 4 ,?is circle mu/ be cut r\nd1 & made exactly to fit ! blank space 9 ! c5t] ( ! l>ge circle1 & mu/ run r\nd a pivot or p94 ,! p]son ) :om y correspond mu/ h a simil> dial1 & at ! beg9n+ ( y\r lett] y mu/ put ! capital lett]1 & at ! end ! small lett]1 :i* answ] to ea* o!r :5 y h fix$ y\r dial4 ,suppose :at y wi% to communicate is z foll[s3 ,i am s wat*$ ,i _c see y z ,i promis$2 b ,i w meet y to-morr[ 9 ! p>k1 ) ! lett]s1 c4 ,y beg9 ) ! lett] ,t1 & end ) ! lett] m1 :i* %[s h[ y h fix$ ! dial1 & h[ y\r correspond5t mu/ fix 81 t he may deciph] y\r lett]4 ,!n1 = ,i am1 y write b uf1 & s ( ! re/1 z foll[s3 ,t b uf lh pumwayx b wugghm lyy rhn ul b ikhfblyx vnm b pbee fyym rhn mh fhkkhp bg may iukd pbma may eymmykl1 tw4 m4 ,ano!r ,way4 ,take two pieces ( c>d1 pa/ebo>d1 or /iff pap]1 ?r\gh :i* y cut long squ>es at diff]5t di/ances4 ,"o ( ^! y keep y\rself1 & ! o!r y give to y\r correspond5t4 ,y lay ! pa/ebo>d on a pap]1 &1 9 ! spaces cut out write :at y w\ld h und]/ood by him only2 !n fill ! int]m$iate spaces ) any words t w connect ! :ole toge!r1 & make a diff]5t s5se4 ,:5 he receives x1 he lays 8 pa/ebo>d ov] ! :ole1 & ^? words :i* are betwe5 crot*ets =m ! intellig5ce y wi% to communicate4 ,= example3 suppose y want to express ^! words1 ,don't tru/ ,rob]t3 ,i h f\nd him a villa94 ,don't fail to s5d my books4 ,i tru/ !y w be ready :5 ,rob]t calls on y4 ,i h he>d t y h f\nd y\r dog4 ,i call him a villa9 :o /ole him4 ,y may place a pa/ebo>d ( ?is k9d ?ree o!r ways--! bottom at top--! top at bottom1 or by turn+ x ov]2 b 9 ?is case y mu/ previ\sly apprize y\r correspond5t1 or he may n be able to deciph] y\r mean+4 ,,secret ,,correspond5ce ,,by ,,music4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #b4 ,=m a circle l ,fig4 #b1 divid$ into tw5ty-six p>ts1 ) a lett] ( ! alphabet writt5 9 ea*4 ,! int]ior ( ! circle is movable1 l t 9 ,fig4 #a1 & ! circumf]5ce is to be rul$ l music pap]4 ,place 9 ea* division a note diff]5t 9 figure or position4 ,)9 ! musical l9es place ! ?ree keys1 & on ! out] circle ! figures to d5ote "t4 ,!n get a rul$ pap]1 & place "o ( ! keys 7suppose ge-re-sol7 aga9/ ! "t #b-d?s1 at ! beg9n+ ( ! pap]1 :i* w in=m y\r correspond5t h[ to place 8 circle4 ,y !n copy ! notes t answ] to ! lett]s ( ! words y int5d to write1 9 ! mann] express$ above4 ,illu/ration ,,! ,,magic ,,( ,,/r5g?4 ,n two /rong m5 ! enorm\s weight c\ld raise1 ,su* m5 z live 9 ^! deg5]ate days4--,,pope',s ,,hom]4 ,! me*anical k ( ! anci5ts 0 pr9cipally !oretical2 & ?\gh !y seem to h execut$ "s m9or pieces ( me*anism :i* 7 suffici5t to delude ! ignorant1 yet !re is no reason = believ+ t !y h execut$ any ma*9]y t 0 capable ( excit+ mu* surprise1 ei!r by its +5uity or its magnitude4 ,! prop]ties ( ! me*anical p[]s1 h[ev]1 seem to h be5 successfully employ$ 9 p]=m+ feats ( /r5g? :i* 7 beyond ! rea* ev5 ( /rong m51 & :i* c\ld n fail to excite ! greate/ wond] :5 exhibit$ by p]sons ( ord9>y size4 ,firmus1 a native ( ,seleucia1 :o 0 execut$ by ! ,emp]or ,aurelian = esp\s+ ! cause ( ,z5obia1 0 celebrat$ = 8 feats ( /r5g?4 ,9 8 acc\nt ( ! life ( ,firmus1 :o liv$ 9 ! ?ird c5tury1 ,vopiscus in=ms u t he c\ld suff] iron to be =g$ ^u an anvil plac$ ^u 8 brea/4 ,9 do+ ?is1 he lay ^u 8 back1 &1 re/+ 8 feet & %\ld]s aga9/ "s support1 8 :ole body =m$ an ar*1 z we %all aft]w>d m p>ticul>ly expla94 ,until ! end ( ! sixte5? c5tury1 ! exhibition ( su* feats does n seem to h be5 common4 ,ab\t ! ye> #agjc1 a native ( ,k5t1 ( ! "n ( ,joyce1 exhibit$ su* feats ( /r5g? 9 ,london & o!r p>ts ( ,engl&1 t he receiv$ ! "n ( ! second ,samson4 ,8 own p]sonal /r5g? 0 v great2 b he _h also discov]$1 )\t ! aid ( !ory1 v>i\s positions ( 8 body 9 :i* m5 ev5 ( common /r5g? c\ld p]=m v surpris+ feats4 ,he drew aga9/ horses1 & rais$ enorm\s weights2 b z he actually exhibit$ 8 p[]s 9 ways :i* ev9c$ ! enorm\s /r5g? ( 8 own muscles1 all 8 feats 7 ascrib$ to ! same cause4 ,9 ! c\rse ( eight or t5 ye>s1 h[ev]1 8 me?ods 7 discov]$1 & _m individuals ( ord9>y /r5g? exhibit$ a numb] ( 8 pr9cipal p]=mances1 ?\gh 9 a mann] greatly inf]ior to ,joyce4 ,"s "t aft]w>d1 ,john ,*>les ,van ,eckeb]g1 a native ( ,h>zg]ode1 9 ,anhault1 travel$ ?r\gh ,europe "u ! appellation ( ,samson1 exhibit+ v rem>kable examples ( 8 /r5g?4 ,?is1 we believe1 is ! same p]son ^: feats are p>ticul>ly describ$ by ,dr4 ,desaguli]s4 ,he 0 a man ( ! middle size1 & ( ord9>y /r5g?2 & z ,dr4 ,desaguli]s 0 conv9c$ t 8 feats 7 exhibitions ( skill1 & n ( /r5g? he 0 desir\s ( discov]+ 8 me?ods1 &1 ) ?is view1 he w5t to see him1 accompani$ ) ! ,m>quis ( ,tullib>d9e1 ,dr4 ,alex&] ,/u>t1 ,dr4 ,pr+le1 & 8 own me*anical op]ator4 ,!y plac$ !mselves r\nd ! ,g]man1 s z to be able to obs]ve accurately all t he did1 & _! success 0 s great1 t !y 7 able to p]=m mo/ ( ! feats ! same ev5+ by !mselves1 & almo/ all ! re/ :5 !y _h provid$ ! prop] app>atus4 ,dr4 ,desaguli]s exhibit$ "s ( ! exp]im5ts be=e ! ,royal ,society1 & has giv5 su* a di/9ct explanation ( ! pr9ciples on :i* !y dep5d1 t we %all endeavor to give a popul> acc\nt ( !m4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #a4 #a4 ,! p]=m] sat ^u an incl9$ bo>d ,a ,b1 plac$ ^u a frame ,c ,d ,e1 ) 8 feet abutt+ aga9/ ! upright bo>d ,c4 ,r\nd 8 lo9s 0 plac$ a /rong girdle ,,fg1 to ! iron r+ ( :i* at ,g 0 fa/5$ a rope by means ( a hook4 ,! rope pass$ betwe5 8 legs ?r\gh a hole 9 bo>d ,c1 & sev]al m51 or two horses1 pull+ at ! o!r end ( ! rope1 7 unable to draw ! p]=m] out ( 8 place4 ,8 h&s at ,g seem$ to pull aga9/ ! m51 b !y 7 ( no advantage to him :atev]4 #b4 ,ano!r ( ! ,g]man's feats is %[n 9 ,fig4 #b4 ,hav+ fix$ ! rope above m5tion$ to a /rong po/ at ,a1 & made x pass ?r\gh a fix$ iron eye at ,b1 to ! r+ 9 8 girdle1 he plant$ 8 feet aga9/ ! po/ at ,b1 & rais$ himself f ! gr\nd by ! rope1 z %[n 9 ! figure4 ,he !n sudd5ly /ret*$ out 8 legs & broke ! rope1 fall+ back on a fea!r b$ at ,c1 spread out to receive him4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #b4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #c4 #c4 ,9 imitation ( ,firmus1 he laid himself d[n on ! gr\nd1 z %[n 9 ,fig4 #c1 & :5 an anvil ,a 0 plac$ ^u 8 brea/1 a man hamm]$ ) all 8 =ce ! piece ( iron ,b1 ) a sl$ge hamm]1 & sometimes two smi?s cut 9 two ) *isels a great cold b> ( iron laid ^u ! anvil4 ,at o!r times a /one ( huge dim5sions1 half ( :i* is %[n at ,c1 0 laid ^u 8 belly1 & brok5 ) a bl[ ( ! great hamm]4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #d4 #d4 ,! p]=m] !n plac$ 8 %\ld]s ^u "o *air1 & 8 heels ^u ano!r1 z 9 ,fig4 #d1 =m+1 ) 8 back-bone1 ?ighs1 & legs1 an ar* spr++ f its abutm5ts at ,a & ,b4 ,"o or two m5 !n /ood ^u 8 belly1 ris+ up & d[n :ile ! p]=m] brea!d4 ,a /one1 "o & a half feet long1 "o foot broad1 & half a foot ?ick1 0 !n laid ^u 8 belly & brok5 by a sl$ge hamm]1 an op]ation :i* may be p]=m$ ) mu* less dang] ?an :5 8 back t\*$ ! gr\nd1 z 9 ,fig4 #c4 #e4 ,8 next feat 0 to lie d[n on ! gr\nd1 z 9 ,fig4 #e4 ,a man be+ !n plac$ on 8 knees1 he draws 8 heels t[>ds 8 body1 &1 rais+ 8 knees1 he lifts up ! man gradually1 till1 hav+ br\ght 8 knees p]p5dicul>ly "u him1 z 9 ,fig4 #f1 he raises 8 own body up1 &1 plac+ 8 arms ar\nd ! man's legs1 he rises ) him1 & sets him d[n on "s l[ table or em95ce ( ! same height z 8 knees4 ,?is feat he sometimes p]=m$ ) two m5 9 place ( "o4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #e4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #f4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #g4 #f4 ,! la/1 & app>5tly ! mo/ wond]ful1 p]=mance ( ! ,g]man1 is %[n 9 ,fig4 #g1 :]e he appe>s to raise a cannon ,a1 plac$ ^u a scale1 ! f\r ropes ( ! scale be+ fix$ to a rope or *a9 atta*$ to 8 girdle1 9 ! mann] already describ$4 ,previ\s to ! fix+ ( ! ropes1 ! cannon & scale re/ ^u two roll]s ,b ,c1 b :5 all is ready1 ! two roll]s are knock$ f b5ea? ! scale1 & ! cannon is su/a9$ by ! /r5g? ( 8 lo9s4 ,! ,g]man also exhibit$ 8 /r5g? 9 twi/+ into a screw a flat piece ( iron l ,a1 ,fig4 #h4 ,he fir/ b5t ! iron into a "r angle1 z at ,b1 & !n wrapp+ 8 h&k]*ief ab\t its broad upp] end1 he held t end 9 8 left h&1 & ) 8 "r appli$ to ! o!r end1 twi/$ ab\t ! angul> po9t1 z %[n at ,c4 ,"l ,tullib>d9e succe$$ 9 do+ ! same ?+1 & ev5 untwi/$ "o ( ! irons :i* ! ,g]man _h twi/$4 ,x w\ld lead into details by no means popul>1 7 ,i to give a m9ute explanation ( ! me*anical pr9ciples ^u :i* ^! feats dep5d4 ,a few g5]al obs]vations w p]haps be suffici5t = ord9>y read]s4 ,! feats ,no4 #a1 #b1 & #g1 dep5d entirely on ! natural /r5g? ( ! bones ( ! pelvis1 :i* =m a d\ble ar*1 :i* x w\ld require an imm5se =ce to break1 by any ext]nal pressure direct$ to ! c5t] ( ! ar*2 &1 z ! legs & ?ighs are capable ( su/a9+ f\r or five ?\s& p\nds :5 !y /& q upright1 ! p]=m] has no difficulty 9 resi/+ ! =ce ( two horses1 or ( su/a9+ ! weight ( a cannon weigh+ two or ?ree ?\s& p\nds4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #h4 ,! feat ( ! anvil is c]ta9ly a v surpris+ "o4 ,! difficulty1 h[ev]1 really consi/s 9 su/a9+ ! anvil2 = :5 ?is is done1 ! effect ( ! hamm]+ is no?+4 ,if ! anvil 7 a ?9 piece ( iron1 or ev5 two or ?ree times heavi] ?an ! hamm]1 ! p]=m] w\ld be kill$ by a few bl[s2 b ! bl[s are sc>cely felt :5 ! anvil is v heavy1 = ! m matt] ! anvil has1 ! great] is its in]tia1 & x is ! less liable to be /ruck out ( its place2 = :5 x has receiv$ by ! bl[ ! :ole mom5tum ( ! hamm]1 its velocity w be s mu* less ?an t ( ! hamm]1 z its quantity ( matt] is great]4 ,:5 ! bl[1 inde$1 is /ruck1 ! man feels less ( ! weight ( ! anvil ?an he did be=e1 because1 9 ! reaction ( ! /one1 all ! p>ts ( x r\nd ab\t ! hamm] rise t[>ds ! bl[4 ,?is prop]ty is illu/rat$ by ! well kn[n exp]im5t ( lay+ a /ick ) its ends ^u two dr9k+ glasses full ( wat]1 & /rik+ ! /ick d[nw>ds 9 ! middle ) an iron b>4 ,! /ick w 9 ?is case be brok5 )\t break+ ! glasses1 or spill+ ! wat]4 ,b if ! /ick is /ruck upw>ds1 z if to ?r[ x up 9 ! air1 ! glasses w break if ! bl[ be /rong1 & if ! bl[ is n v quick1 ! wat] w be spill$ )\t break+ ! glasses4 ,:5 ! p]=m] supports a man ^u 8 belly1 z 9 ,fig4 #d1 he does x by means ( ! /rong ar* =m$ by 8 backbone1 & ! bones ( 8 legs & ?ighs4 ,if !re 7 room = !m1 he c\ld be> ?ree or f\r1 or1 9 _! /ead1 a great /one to be brok5 ) "o bl[4 ,a numb] ( feats ( real & extraord9>y /r5g? 7 exhibit$ ab\t a c5tury ago1 9 ,london1 by ,?omas ,topham1 :o 0 five feet t5 in*es high1 & ab\t ?irty-"o ye>s ( age4 ,he 0 entirely ignorant ( any ( ! me?ods = mak+ 8 /r5g? appe> m surpris+2 & he (t5 p]=m$1 by 8 own natural p[]s1 :at he le>n$ _h be5 done by o!rs by artificial means4 ,a di/ress+ example ( ?is occurr$ 9 8 attempt to imitate ! feat ( ! ,g]man ,samson by pull+ aga9/ horses4 ,ignorant ( ! me?od :i* we h already describ$1 he seat$ himself on ! gr\nd ) 8 feet aga9/ two /irrups1 & by ! weight ( 8 body he succe$$ 9 pull+ aga9/ a s+le horse2 b 9 attempt+ to pull aga9/ two horses1 he 0 lift$ out ( 8 place1 & "o ( 8 knees 0 %att]$ aga9/ ! /irrups1 s z to deprive him ( mo/ ( ! /r5g? ( "o ( 8 legs4 ,! foll[+ are ! feats ( real /r5g? :i* ,dr4 ,desaguli]s saw him p]=m4 #a4 ,hav+ rubb$ 8 f+]s ) coal-a%es to keep !m f slipp+1 he roll$ up a v /rong & l>ge pewt] plate4 #b4 ,hav+ laid sev5 or eight %ort & /rong pieces ( tobacco-pipe on ! fir/ & ?ird f+]s1 he broke !m by ! =ce ( 8 middle f+]4 #c4 ,he broke ! b[l ( a /rong tobacco-pipe plac$ betwe5 8 fir/ & ?ird f+]s1 by press+ 8 f+]s toge!r sideways4 #d4 ,hav+ ?ru/ su* ano!r b[l "u 8 g>t]1 8 legs be+ b5t he broke x to pieces by ! t5dons ( 8 hams1 )\t alt]+ ! b5d+ ( 8 leg4 #e4 ,he lift$ ) 8 tee?1 & held 9 a horizontal position = a consid]able "t1 a table six feet long1 ) half a hundr$ weight hang+ at ! end ( x4 ,! feet ( ! table re/$ aga9/ 8 knees4 #f4 ,hold+ 9 8 "r h& an iron kit*5 pok] ?ree feet long & ?ree in*es r\nd1 he /ruck ^u 8 b>e left arm1 betwe5 ! elb[ & ! wri/1 till he b5t ! pok] ne>ly to a "r angle4 #g4 ,tak+ a simil> pok]1 & hold+ ! ends ( x 9 8 h&s1 & ! middle aga9/ ! back ( 8 neck1 he br\ght bo? ends ( x toge!r be=e him1 & he !n pull$ x almo/ /raight aga94 ,?is la/ feat 0 ! mo/ difficult1 because ! muscles :i* sep>ate ! arms horizontally f ea* o!r are n s /rong z ^? :i* br+ !m toge!r4 #h4 ,he broke a rope ab\t two in*es 9 circumf]5ce1 :i* 0 p>tly w\nd ab\t a cyl9d] f\r in*es 9 diamet]1 hav+ fa/5$ ! o!r end ( x to /raps t w5t ov] 8 %\ld]4 #i4 ,dr4 ,desaguli]s saw him lift a roll+ /one ( ab\t #hjj p\nds' weight ) 8 h&s only1 /&+ 9 a frame above x1 & tak+ hold ( a frame fa/5$ to x4 ,h5ce ,dr4 ,desaguli]s gives ! foll[+ relative view ( ! /r5g?s ( individuals3 ,/r5g? ( ! weake/ m51 #abe p\nds4 ,/r5g? ( v /rong m51 #djj ,/r5g? ( ,topham1 #hjj ,! weight ( ,topham 0 ab\t #bjj4 ,"o ( ! mo/ rem>kable & inexplicable exp]im5ts relative to ! /r5g? ( ! human frame1 :i* we h ourselves se5 & admir$1 is t 9 :i* a heavy man is rais$ ) ! greate/ facility1 :5 he is lift$ up ! in/ant t 8 own lungs1 & ^? ( ! p]sons :o raise him1 are inflat$ ) air4 ,?is exp]im5t 01 ,i believe1 fir/ %[n 9 ,engl& a few ye>s ago by ,major ,h41 :o saw x p]=m$ 9 a l>ge p>ty at ,v5ice "u ! direction ( an (fic] ( ! ,am]ican navy4 ,z ,major ,h4 p]=m$ x m ?an once 9 my pres5ce1 ,i %all describe1 z ne>ly z possible1 ! me?od :i* he prescrib$4 ,! heavie/ p]son 9 ! p>ty lies d[n ^u two *airs1 8 legs be+ support$ by ! "o & 8 back by ! o!r4 ,f\r p]sons1 "o at ea* leg & "o at ea* %\ld]1 !n try to raise him1 & !y f9d 8 dead weight to be v great1 f ! difficulty !y exp]i5ce 9 support+ him4 ,:5 he is replac$ 9 ! *airs1 ea* ( ! f\r p]sons takes hold ( ! body z be=e1 & ! p]son to be lift$ gives two signals by clapp+ 8 h&s4 ,at ! fir/ signal he himself & ! f\r lift]s beg9 to draw a long & full brea?1 & :5 ! inhalation is complet$1 or ! lungs fill$1 ! second signal is giv51 = rais+ ! p]son f ! *airs4 ,to 8 own surprise & t ( 8 be>]s1 he rises ) ! greate/ facility1 z if he 7 no heavi] ?an a fea!r4 ,on sev]al occasions ,i h obs]v$ t :5 "o ( ! be>]s p]=ms 8 "p ill1 by mak+ ! inhalation out ( "t1 ! "p ( ! body :i* he tries to raise is left1 z x 71 beh9d4 ,z we h repeat$ly se5 ?is exp]im5t1 & h p]=m$ ! "p bo? ( ! load & ( ! be>]1 we c te/ify h[ rem>kable ! effects appe> to all p>ties1 & h[ complete is ! conviction1 ei!r t ! load has be5 light5$1 or ! be>] /r5g!n$ by ! prescrib$ process4 ,at ,v5ice1 ! exp]im5t 0 p]=m$ 9 a mu* m impos+ mann]4 ,! heavie/ man 9 ! p>ty 0 rais$ & su/a9$ ^u ! po9ts ( ! =e f+]s ( six p]sons4 ,major ,h4 decl>$ t ! exp]im5t w\ld n succe$ if ! p]son lift$ 7 plac$ ^u a bo>d1 & ! /r5g? ( ! individuals appli$ to ! bo>d4 ,he conceiv$ x necess>y t ! be>]s %\ld communicate directly ) ! body to be rais$4 ,i h n _h an opportunity ( mak+ any exp]im5ts relative to ^! curi\s facts2 b :e!r ! g5]al effect is an illusion1 or ! result ( kn[n or ( new pr9ciples1 ! subject m]its a c>eful inve/igation4 ,among ! rem>kable exhibitions ( me*anical /r5g? & dext]ity1 we may enum]ate t ( support+ pyramids ( m54 ,?is exhibition is a v anci5t "o4 ,! simple/ =m ( ?is feat consi/s 9 plac+ a numb] ( m5 ^u ea* o!r's %\ld]s1 s t ea* r[ consi/s ( a man few] till !y =m a pyramid t]m9at+ 9 a s+le p]son1 ^u ^: head a boy is sometimes plac$ ) 8 feet upw>ds4 ,,miscellane\s ,,curi\s ,,tricks ,,& ,,fancies4 ,y\? loves & lives on *ange1 ,till ! s\l sighs = sam5ess1 :i* at la/ ,becomes v>iety1 & takes its place4 ,,an ,,artificial ,,memory4 ,! read] mu/ h obs]v$1 t to p]=m sev]al ( ! recreations 9 ?is book1 x is necess>y to h a good memory2 b z t is a gift e "o has n f nature1 _m me?ods h be5 contriv$ to supply t defect by art--! mo/ mat]ial ( :i* we %all "h describe4 ,an artificial memory respects ei!r figures or words2 = ! =m]1 let ! five v[els1 a1 e1 i1 o1 u1 repres5t ! fir/ five digits2 ! diph?ongs t beg9 ) ! fir/ f\r v[els1 z au1 ea1 ie1 ou1 repres5t+ ! rema9+ f\r digits1 let y /& = an #j1 or cyph]4 ,let ! t5 fir/ consonants also /& = ! n9e digits & ! cyph]1 z 9 ! foll[+ table3 ---------------------------------------- a e i o u au ea ie ou y #a #b #c #d #e #f #g #h #i #j b c d f g h k l m n ---------------------------------------- ,!n to repres5t any numb]1 let ! fir/ lett] be a v[el or diph?ong1 ! second a consonant1 ! ?ird a v[el1 ! f\r? a consonant1 c4 ,?us = ! numb] #agfc1 y write or rememb] ! ^w akaud2 if !re are sev]al sums to be reta9$1 y place ! words 9 =m ( v]ses--:i* w make !m m pleas+ to repeat & m easy to rememb]2 = example1 if y w\ld rememb] ! dates ( ! discov]y ( ,am]ica by ,columbus1 ! settlem5t ( ,virg9ia by ,capta9 ,smi?1 ! l&+ ( ! ,pilgrims at ,plym\?1 ! ,battle ( ,bunk] ,hill1 ! ,decl>ation ( ,indep5d5ce1 & ! ,battle ( ,new ,orleans1 :i* 7 9 #adib1 #afje1 #afbj1 #agge1 #aggf1 & #ahae1 y write z foll[s--= y are to obs]ve t 9 ?is1 z well z simil> cases1 :5 ! fir/ figure is always ! same1 x is unnecess>y to write x aft] ! fir/ "t3 ,af\c hyh h5 keag keah lag4 ,:5 sev]al cyph]s come toge!r1 in/ead ( repeat+ y or n1 y may write y or n #b1 #c1 c42 ?us1 = #cdjj1 write ify#b1 & = #bef1jjj1 write ehun#c4 ,to rememb] any numb] ( words1 select ! initial lett]s ( ^? words1 & to ! fir/ add a1 if x beg9s ) a consonant1 or b1 if x beg9s ) a v[el4 ,9 l mann] e or c to ! second initial lett]2 to ! ?ird add i or d2 to ! f\r? o or f2 to ! fif? u or g1 s t ( ! five initials y make five syllables1 :i* are jo9$ toge!r 9 "o ^w--!n ( ! next five initials y make1 9 ! same mann]1 ano!r ^w1 & ( e two words y make a v]se2 = example1 suppose y w\ld rememb] ! names ( all ! k+s ( ,engl& s9ce ! ,norman conque/ 9 ! ord] 9 :i* !y reign$1 y !n write z foll[s3 ,wa we hi so hu ,ra je hi ef eg ,eb re hi ho hu ,eb ec ri ho hu ,eb me ed jo cu ,ca je wi af gu ,ga ge gi go wu ,va4 ,or1 if y w\ld rememb] ! lett]s t beg9 any numb] ( v]ses1 suppose ! tw5ty fir/ l9es ( ,pope's ,essay on ,man1 y write z foll[s3 ,abtelitoeg ,abacodtotu ,taocedaflu ,basewioffu4 ,,! ,,magician',s ,,mirror4 ,con/ruct a box ( wood1 ( a cubical %ape1 ,a ,b ,c ,d1 ( ab\t fifte5 in*es e way4 ,let x be fix$ to ! p$e/al ,p1 at ! usual height ( a man's head4 ,9 ea* side ( ?is box let !re be an op5+1 ( an oval =m1 t5 in*es high1 & sev5 wide4 ,9 ?is box place two mirrors1 ,a ,d1 ) _! backs aga9/ ea* o!r4 ,let !m cross ! box 9 a diagonal l9e1 & 9 a v]tical position4 ,decorate ! op5+s 9 ! side ( ?is box ) f\r oval frames & transp>5t glasses1 & cov] ea* ) a curta9 s contriv$ z all to draw up toge!r4 ,illu/ration ,place f\r p]sons 9 front ( ! f\r sides1 & at equal di/ances f ! box1 & !n draw !m up t !y may see !mselves 9 ! mirrors1 :5 ea* ( !m1 in/ead ( 8 own figure1 w see t ( ! p]son next to him1 b :o w appe> to him to be plac$ on ! opposite side4 ,_! confusion w be ! great]1 z x w be v difficult1 if n impossible1 = !m to discov] ! mirrors conceal$ 9 ! box4 ,! reason ( ?is ph5om5on is evid5t2 = ?\gh ! rays ( light may be turn$ aside by a mirror1 yet !y always appe> to proce$ 9 "r l9es4 ,,! ,,p]spective ,,mirror4 ,illu/ration ,provide a box1 ,a ,b ,c ,d1 ( ab\t two feet long1 fifte5 in*es wide1 & #ab in*es high4 ,at ! end ,a ,c1 place ! concave mirror1 ! focus ( ^: p>allel rays is eighte5 in*es f ! reflect+ surface4 ,at ,i ,l place a pa/ebo>d1 black$1 9 :i* a hole is cut1 suffici5tly l>ge to see on ! mirror ,h ! object plac$ at ,b ,e ,f ,d4 ,cov] ! top ( ! box1 f ,a to ,i1 close1 t ! mirror ,h may be entirely d>k5$4 ,! o!r "p1 ,i ,b1 mu/ be cov]$ ) glass1 "u :i* is plac$ a gauze or oil$ pap]1 to prev5t ! inside f be+ se54 ,make an ap]ture at ,g1 ne> ! top ( ! side ,e ,b1 b5ea? :i*1 on ! inside1 place 9 succession1 pa9t+s ( vi/as1 l&scapes1 figures1 c4 s t !y may be 9 front ( ! mirror ,h4 ,let ! box be plac$ t ! object may be /rongly illum9at$ by ! sun1 or by wax-lights plac$ "u ! inclos$ "p ( ! box ,a ,i4 ,by ?is simple con/ruction1 ! objects plac$ at ,g ,d w be ?r[n into _! natural p]spective1 & if ! subjects be prop]ly *os5 & well execut$1 ! appe>ance w be bo? wond]ful & pleas+4 ,,! ,,magical ,,gyroscope4 ,a little in/rum5t has be5 con/ruct$ lately1 exhibit+ su* rem>kable results 9 connection ) rot>y motion1 t x has greatly puzzl$ mo/ ( ^? :o h witness$ its /range p]=mances4 ,al?\gh _m ( our read]s may h se5 ! in/rum5t1 yet f ! numb]less inquiries t h be5 made = ! rationale ( its peculi> feats1 & also f ! fact t we h n yet he>d a solution t appe>s to be ! true "o1 we are induc$ to furni% a brief description & explanation ( ! :ole4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #a ,x consi/s ( a brass :eel1 ,b1 f\r or five in*es 9 diamet]1 ) a ?ick lead rim1 or circumf]5ce1 s z to imp>t to ! :eel :5 revolv+ rapidly suffici5t mom5tum to cause x to sp9 = "s m9utes4 ,! axis ( ?is :eel t]m9ates 9 pivots1 set 9 a circul> r+ at "r angles to ! :eel1 z ! figure repres5ts4 ,two small flat pieces ( brass 7,a & ,c7 are sold]$ outside to opposite sides ( ?is r+1 & a small cavity is made on ! "u side ( ea* piece1 s t ! :ole may re/ on a po9t$ upright wire1 plac$ 9 "o ( ^! cavities1 ?is wire be+ ins]t$ 9 a heavy metallic base to give x solidity4 ,a small hole is made 9 ! axis ( ! :eel1 s t ! end ( a cord may be ?ru/ ?r\gh1 ! cord w\nd ar\nd x1 & rapid motion imp>t$ to ! :eel l ! sp9n+ ( a top4 ,?is con/itutes ! :ole ( ! app>atus1 :i* is %[n 9 ,fig4 #a4 ,n[1 by plac+ ! :eel & its r+1 on ! upp] end ( ! po9t$ wire1 z %[n 9 ! figure1 only "o side be+ support$1 ! :eel & r+ w\ld ( c\rse1 imm$iately fall by ! =ce ( gravity1 !re be+ no support at ! o!r side1 ,c4 ,b if a rapid sp9n+ motion is giv5 to ! :eel by means ( ! cord already describ$1 & x be plac$ on ! po9t at ,a1 x w n fall1 b w move sl[ly ar\nd on ! upright po9t1 p]=m+ a /eady1 revolv+ horizontal motion1 z long z ! rapid rot>y motion ( ! :eel cont9ues4 ,s /eady & uni=m is ?is horizontal movem5t1 t x g5]ally sugge/s ! motion ( ! planets r\nd ! sun4 ,?is self-uphold+ prop]ty con/itutes ! wond] & puzzle ( ! in/rum5t1 & _m explanations h be5 attempt$4 ,"s ascribe x to atmosph]ic influ5ce2 o!rs to electricity2 :ile o!rs confid5tly rem>k1 ,ah1 yes1 ,i und]/& x--x is ! motion :i* keeps x f fall+--x is ! mom5tum--! c5trifugal =ce2 b :y ?is result is produc$ by c5trifugal =ce1 we are n told4 ,! true explanation is ?is3 #a4 ,! :eel :5 at re/1 may ( c\rse be easily mov$ ab\t s z to alt] ! position ( its axis1 9 any direction4 ,b ?is is n s :5 x is made to sp9 rapidly2 if ! r+ is held 9 ! h&s1 ! :eel w be f\nd /rongly to resi/ any side or twi/+ movem5t--s mu* s1 t a novice w />t1 & almo/ let x drop1 suppos+ !re is some?+ alive 9 x or1 z !y sometimes rem>k2 ,:y6 x feels z if !re 0 a snake 9 ! :eel6 ,?is is ow+ to no?+ b ! /rong mom5tum ( ! lead rim 7already describ$7 t5d+ to keep ! :eel 9 its position2 = an attempt to alt] its position1 ?r[s all ?is swiftly fly+ matt] into a diff]5t c\rse1 :i*1 x is evid5t1 _c easily be done4 #b4 ,! sl[ly revolv+1 horizontal motion on ! pivot at ,a is 9 a contr>y direction to ! sp9n+ motion ( ! top ( ! :eel1 z ! arr[s %[ 9 ,fig4 #a4 ,9 o!r words1 ! =w>d portion ( ! :eel flies upw>ds1 & ! back portion d[nw>ds4 ,?is w be f\nd to be always ! case4 #c4 ,n[1 :5 ! :eel is mov+ on horizontally ar\nd ! pivot at a1 ! =w>d portion ( ! rim is cont9ually mov+ to ! left1 & ! h9d] portion to ! "r1 z repres5t$ 9 ,fig4 #b4 ,! comb9$ motion ( ! =w>d "p ( ! :eel bo? upw>d & to ! left1 is !re=e n p]p5dicul>ly upw>d1 b incl9$ to ! left1 & ! t5d5cy ( its mom5tum is to ?r[ ! top ( ! :eel also to ! left4 ,9 ! same way1 ! d[nw>d mom5tum beh9d ?r[s ! bottom to ! "r4 ,?r[+ ! top to ! left & ! bottom to ! "r1 ( c\rse raises ! :eel z x re/s on ! pivot ,a4 ,9 o!r words1 ! comb9$ motion ( ! :eel on its axis1 & on ! pivot ,a1 con/antly t5ds to raise x1 ?us ov]com+ gravity1 & ma9ta9+ ! :eel 9 its position1 support$ only at "o end4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #b #d4 ,! mom5tum ( ! lead rim1 z describ$ 9 7#a47 t5d+ to keep ! :eel 9 its position1 keeps x also 9 a uni=mly horizontal attitude2 if plac$ by ! h&1 incl9+ upw>ds1 x w move ar\nd on ! pivot at a1 )\t alt]+ ?is incl9ation2 or ! same result takes place1 if incl9$ bel[ ! horizontal4 #e4 ,! reason ( ! =w>d horizontal movem5t1 is ?is3 ! sp9n+ =ce ( ! :eel t5ds to ?r[ x to ! left1 & consequ5tly to lift x upw>ds1 z %[n 9 7#c47--;gravity1 on ! opposite h&1 t5ds to draw x d[nw>d2 ! resultant 7or mid-way7 motion is !re=e betwe5 !m1 or horzontally4 ,z a pro( t gravity ?us produces ! onw>d movem5t--:5 ! :eel sp9s ) ! greate/ rapidity1 & consequ5tly has ! greate/ relative =ce to gravity1 ! horizontal movem5t is sl[e/2 b x cont9ues con/antly to increase z ! motion ( ! :eel is ret>d$1 & z gravity assumes a great] proportionate =ce4 ,,! ,,artificial ,,l&scape4 ,procure a box1 z 9 cut1 ( ab\t a foot long1 eight in*es wide1 & six in*es high1 or any o!r dim5sions y please1 s !y d n greatly v>y f ^! proportions4 ,at ea* ( its opposite ends1 on ! inside ( ?is box1 place a piece ( look+-glass1 t %all exactly fit2 b at t end :]e ! sight hole ,a is1 scrape ! quicksilv] (f ! glass1 ?r\gh :i* ! eye c view ! objects4 ,cov] ! box ) gauze1 ov] :i* place a piece ( transp>5t glass1 :i* is to be well fa/5$ 94 ,let !re be two grooves at ea* ( ! places ,c ,d ,e ,f1 to receive two pr9t$ sc5es1 z foll[3 ,on two pieces ( pa/ebo>d1 let !re be skillfully pa9t$1 on bo? sides1 any subject y ?9k prop]1 z woods1 b[]s1 g>d5s1 h\ses1 c42 & on two o!r bo>ds1 ! same subject on "o side only1 & cut out all ! :ite p>ts3 obs]ve also1 t !re ought to be 9 "o ( !m "s object relative to ! subject1 plac$ at ,a1 t ! mirror plac$ at ,b may n reflect ! hole on ! opposite side4 ,illu/ration ,! bo>ds pa9t$ on bo? sides are to slide 9 ! grooves ,c ,d ,e ,f1 & ^? pa9t$ on "o side are to be plac$ aga9/ ! opposite mirrors ,a & ,b2 !n cov] ! box ) its transp>5t top4 ,?is box %\ld be plac$ 9 a /rong light1 to h a good effect4 ,:5 x is view$ ?r\gh ! sight hole1 x w pres5t an unlimit$ prospect ( rural sc5]y1 gradually los+ itself 9 obscurity2 & be f\nd well wor? ! pa9s be/[$ on its con/ruction4 ,,easy ,,& ,,curi\s ,,me?ods ,,( ,,=etell+ ,,ra9y ,,or ,,f9e ,,wea!r4 ,if a l9e be made ( good :ipcord1 t is well dri$1 & a plummet affix$ to ! end ( x1 & !n hung aga9/ a wa9scot1 & a l9e drawn "u x1 exactly :]e ! plummet rea*es1 9 v mod]ate wea!r x w be f\nd to rise above x be=e ra91 & to s9k bel[ :5 ! wea!r is likely to become fair4 ,b ! be/ in/rum5t ( all1 is a good pair ( scales1 9 "o ( :i* let !re be a brass weight ( a p\nd1 & 9 ! o!r a p\nd ( salt1 or ( saltpet]1 well dri$2 a /& be+ plac$ "u ! scale s z to h9d] x fall+ to l[4 ,:5 x is incl9$ to ra91 ! salt w swell1 & s9k ! scale3 :5 ! wea!r is gr[+ fair1 ! brass weight w rega9 its asc5dancy4 ,ano!r v simple me?od is1 to take a /rip ( p9e wood1 ab\t tw5ty in*es long1 "o wide1 & a qu>t] ?ick1 & cut across ! gra94 ,!n take a /rip ( c$>1 ( ! same dim5sions1 b cut along ! gra94 ,glue !m firmly face to face1 & set !m upright 9 a /&4 ,"s "t be=e ra9 falls1 ! pores ( ! p9e w absorb moi/ure f ! atmosph]e1 & swell until ! :ole =ms a b[1 :i* w /raight5 itself z f9e wea!r approa*es4 ,x is ne$less to say t ! rods %\ld n be pa9t$ or v>ni%$4 ,,! ,,magical ,,measure4 ,! l9e to be measur$ mu/ n be extravagantly long1 o!rwise x w be difficult to measure x accurately2 = ! lea/ failure ( a j aim1 or dep>ture f an upright position1 w\ld make v s5sible errors 9 ! measure ( a v long l9e1 especially if ! gr\nd 0 v unev54 ,to measure !n ! l9e ,a ,b1 accessible at ! extremity ,a1 suppose ! bread? ( a small riv]1 he :o pret5ds to measure mu/ /& v /raight at ! extremity ,a1 & support 8 *9 ) a little /ick re/+ ^u "o ( ! buttons ( 8 coat1 s z to keep 8 head /eady 9 "o position4 ,he mu/ pull 8 hat d[n ^u 8 =ehead till ! brim ( 8 hat cov]s f 8 view ! inaccessible extremity ,b ( ! l9e to be measur$ ,a ,b1 !n he mu/ turn himself to a level1 uni=m piece ( gr\nd1 & ) ! same position ( 8 hat1 obs]ve ! po9t ( ! gr\nd :]e 8 view t]m9ates1 z ,c1 !n measur+ ) a l9e or *a9 ! di/ance ,a ,c1 he has ! l5g? ( ! l9e propos$ ,a ,b4 ,illu/ration ,,! ,,b\ndless ,,prospect4 ,take a squ>e box1 ab\t six in*es long & twelve high1 or ( any o!r proportionate dim5sions4 ,cov] ! inside ) f\r flat pieces ( look+ glass plac$ p]p5dicul> to ! bottom ( ! box4 ,place at ! bottom any objects y please1 z a piece ( =tification1 a ca/le1 t5ts1 soldi]s1 c4 ,on ! top1 place a frame ( glass %ap$ l ! bottom ( a pyramid1 z 9 ! figure1 & s =m$ z to fit on ! box l a cov]4 ,! f\r sides ( ?is cov] are to be compos$ ( gr\nd glass1 or cov]$ inside ) gauze1 s t ! light may ent]1 & yet ! inside be invisible1 except at ! top1 :i* mu/ be cov]$ ) transp>5t glass3 :5 y look ?r\gh ?is glass1 ! inside w pres5t a pleas+ prospect ( a b\ndless ext5t2 &1 if manag$ ) c>e1 w af=d a deal ( amusem5t4 ,illu/ration ,,! ,,h\r ,,( ,,! ,,day ,,or ,,night ,,told ,,by ,a ,,susp5d$ ,,%ill+4 ,h[ev] improbable ! foll[+ exp]im5t may appe>1 x has be5 prov$ by repeat$ trials3 ,sl+ a %ill+ or sixp5ce at ! end ( a piece ( ?read by means ( a loop4 ,!n re/+ y\r elb[ on a table1 hold ! o!r end ( ! ?read betwixt y\r =e f+] & ?umb1 obs]v+ to let x pass across ! ball ( ! ?umb1 & ?us susp5d ! %ill+ into an empty goblet4 ,obs]ve1 y\r h& mu/ be p]fectly /eady2 & if y f9d x difficult to keep x 9 an immovable po/ure1 x is useless to attempt ! exp]im5t4 ,premis+1 h[ev]1 t ! %ill+ is prop]ly susp5d$1 y w obs]ve1 t :5 x has recov]$ its equilibrium1 x w = a mom5t be /ation>y3 x w !n ( its own accord1 & )\t ! lea/ ag5cy f ! p]son hold+ x1 assume ! action ( a p5dulum1 vibrat+ f side to side ( ! glass1 &1 aft] a few seconds1 w /rike ! h\r ne>e/ to ! "t ( day2 = in/ance1 if ! "t be tw5ty-five m9utes pa/ six1 x w /rike six2 if ?irty-five m9utes pa/ six1 x w /rike sev52 & s on ( any o!r h\r4 ,x is necess>y to obs]ve1 t ! ?read %\ld lie ov] ! pulse ( ! ?umb1 & ?is may 9 "s measure acc\nt = ! vibration ( ! %ill+2 b to :at cause its /rik+ ! precise h\r is to be trac$1 rema9s unexpla9$2 = x is no less a/oni%+ ?an true1 t :5 x has /ruck ! prop] numb]1 its vibration ceases1 x acquires a k9d ( rot>y motion1 & at la/ becomes /ation>y1 z be=e4 ,,contrivance ,,= ,a ,,wat* ,,lamp1 ,,p]fectly ,,safe1 ,,:i* ,,w ,,%[ ,,! ,,h\r ,,( ,,! ,,night1 ,,)\t ,,any ,,tr\ble1 ,,to ,a ,,p]son ,,ly+ ,,9 ,,b$4 ,x consi/s ( a /&1 ) ?ree claws1 ! pill> ( :i* is made holl[1 = ! purpose ( receiv+ a wat] c&le/ick ( an in* diamet]4 ,on ! top ( ! pill>1 by means ( two h+es & a bolt1 is fix$ on a small proportionate table1 a box ( six sides1 l9$ ) brass1 t91 or any %9+ metal1 n9e in*es deep1 & six in*es 9 diamet]4 ,9 ! c5t] ( "o ( ^! sides is fix$ a l5s1 d\ble convex1 ( at lea/ ?ree in*es & a half diamet]4 ,! c5t] ( ! side directly opposite to ! l5s is p]=at$ s z to receive ! dial-plate ( ! wat*1 ! body ( :i* is conf9$ on ! outside1 by means ( a holl[ slide4 ,:5 ! box is light$ by a common wat*-light1 ! figures are magnifi$ ne>ly to ! size ( ^? ( an ord9>y clock4 ,,! ,,en*ant$ ,,palace4 ,illu/ration ,on ! six-sid$ plane ,a ,b ,c ,d ,e ,f ( ! figure1 draw six semi-diamet]s2 & on ea* ( ^! place p]p5dicul>ly two plane mirrors1 :i* mu/ jo9 exactly at ! c5t]1 & :i*1 plac$ back to back1 mu/ be ?9 z possible4 ,decorate ! ext]ior b\nd>y ( ?is piece1 7:i* is at ! extremity ( ! angles ( ! hexagon17 ) six columns1 t at ! same "t s]ve to support ! mirrors by grooves =m$ on _! inn] sides4 ,add to ^! columns _! entablatures1 & cov] ! edifice 9 :atev] mann] y please4 ,9 ea* "o ( ^! six triangul> spaces1 conta9$ betwe5 two mirrors1 place little figures ( pa/ebo>d1 9 relief1 repres5t+ su* subjects1 z :5 se5 9 an hexagonal =m1 w produce an agreeable effect4 ,to ^! add small figures ( enamel1 & take p>ticul> c>e to conceal by "s object t has no relation to ! subject1 ! place :]e ! mirrors jo91 :i*1 z be=e obs]v$1 all meet 9 ! common c5t]4 ,:5 y look into any "o ( ! six op5+s ( ?is palace1 ! objects !re conta9$1 be+ reflect$ six times1 w seem entirely to fill up ! :ole ( ! build+4 ,?is illusion w appe> v rem>kable1 especially if ! objects *os5 are prop]ly adapt$ to ! effect :i* ! mirrors are int5d$ to produce4 ,if y place betwe5 two ( ^! mirrors "p ( a =tification1 z a curta91 & two demi-ba/ions1 y w see an entire citadel ) six ba/ions2 or if y place "p ( a ball-room1 ornam5t$ ) *&eli]s & figures1 all ^! objects be+ "h multipli$1 w af=d a v pleas+ prospect4 ,,to ,,"k ,,:i* ,,( ,,two ,,diff]5t ,,wat]s ,,is ,,! ,,lighte/ ,,)\t ,,any ,,scales4 ,take a solid body1 ! specific gravity ( :i* is less ?an t ( wat]1 p9e1 or fir wood1 = in/ance1 & put x into ea* ( ! two wat]s1 & re/ assur$ t x w s9k deep] 9 ! light] ?an 9 ! heavi] wat]2 & s by obs]v+ ! diff]5ce ( ! s9k+1 y w "k :i* is ! lighte/ wat]1 & consequ5tly ! mo/ :olesome = dr9k+4 ,,to ,,"k ,,if ,a ,,suspici\s ,,piece ,,( ,,money ,,is ,,good ,,or ,,bad4 ,if x be a piece ( silv] t is n v ?ick1 z a doll> or a half doll>1 ! goodness ( :i* y want to try1 take ano!r piece ( good silv] ( equal balance ) x1 & tie bo? pieces ) ?read or horse-hair to ! scales ( an exact balance 7to avoid ! wett+ ( ! scales !mselves7 & dip ! two pieces ?us ti$ 9 wat]2 = !n1 if !y are ( equal goodness1 t is1 ( equal purity1 !y w hang 9 equilibrio 9 ! wat] z well z 9 ! air2 b if ! piece 9 "q is light] 9 ! wat] ?an ! o!r1 x is c]ta9ly false1 t is1 !re is "s o!r metal mix$ ) x t has less specific gravity ?an silv]1 su* z copp]4 ,if x is heavi] ?an ! o!r1 x is likewise bad1 z be+ mix$ ) a metal ( great] specific gravity ?an silv]1 su* z lead4 ,if ! piece propos$ is v ?ick1 su* z t cr[n ( gold t ,hi]o1 k+ ( ,syracuse1 s5t to ,ar*im$es to "k if ! goldsmi? _h put into x all ! eighte5 p\nds ( gold t he _h giv5 him = t end1 take a piece ( pure gold ( equal weight ) ! cr[n propos$1 viz41 eighte5 p\nds1 & )\t tak+ ! tr\ble ( weigh+ !m 9 wat]1 put !m into a vessel full ( wat]1 "o aft] ano!r1 & t :i* drives out mo/ wat] mu/ necess>ily be mix$ ) ano!r metal ( less specific gravity ?an gold1 z tak+ up m space1 ?\gh ( equal weight4 ,,pyramid ,,( ,,alum4 ,put a lump ( alum into a tumbl] ( wat]1 & z ! alum dissolves x w assume ! %ape ( a pyramid4 ,! cause ( ! alum decreas+ 9 ?is peculi> =m is briefly z foll[s3 at fir/1 ! wat] dissolves ! alum v fa/1 b z ! alum becomes unit$ ) ! wat]1 ! solv5t p[] ( ! latt] dim9i%es4 ,! wat]1 :i* comb9es fir/ ) ! alum1 becomes heavi] by ! union1 & falls to ! bottom ( ! glass1 :]e x ceases to dissolve any m1 al?\gh ! wat] :i* x has displac$ f ! bottom has ris5 to ! top ( ! glass1 & is !re act+ ^u ! alum4 ,:5 ! solution has ne>ly t]m9at$1 if y closely exam9e ! lump1 y w f9d x cov]$ ) geometrical figures1 cut out1 z x 71 9 relief ^u ! mass2 %[+1 n only t ! cohesion ( ! atoms ( ! alum resi/s ! p[] ( solution 9 ! wat]1 b t1 9 ! pres5t in/ance1 x resi/s x m 9 "s directions ?an 9 o!rs4 ,inde$1 ?is exp]im5t beautifully illu/rates ! opposite action ( cohesion & solution4 ,,! ,,danc+ ,,automaton4 ,procure a piece ( silk ?read ab\t six feet long1 & fa/5 a small wire hook at "o end1 & a f9e ne$le at ! o!r1 !n make a knot 9 ! ?read ab\t t5 in*es f ! end ^u :i* ! hook is fa/5$4 ,y also procure a small pa/ebo>d figure ab\t f\r in*es long1 & pi]ce a hole ?r\gh ! c5t] ( ! same j l>ge en\gh to easily admit ! ne$le4 ,hav+ done ?is1 take a conv5i5t opportunity & fa/5 ! hook 9 ! c>pet ab\t five & a half feet f ! *air ^u :i* y int5d to sit :ile p]=m+ ! trick4 ,y !n c in=m y\r audi5ce t y int5d to make ! figure dance & keep "t to any tune !y may "n4 ,y !n slip ! ne$le ?r\gh ! hole 9 ! figure & ?r[ x d[n on ! floor1 ) suffici5t =ce to make x slip on ! ?read until x rea*es ! knot1 be+ c>eful to reta9 ! ne$le /ill 9 y\r h&1 !n :i/le any air ! company may sugge/1 & appe> to beat "t ) y\r h&s ^u y\r knees4 ,?is w make ! figure dance1 to ! great a/oni%m5t ( ! spectators4 ,aft] y h cont9u$ ?is = a few m9utes1 y mu/ drop ! ne$le & pick up ! figure1 :5 ! ne$le w aga9 slide ?r\gh ! hole 9 ! figure1 & ! automaton be+ free f ! ?read1 y c h& x to ! audi5ce = exam9ation4 ,?is is an excell5t trick = ! p>lor1 &1 if well p]=m$1 w defy detection4 ,,to ,,melt ,a ,,piece ,,( ,,money ,,9 ,a ,,walnut ,,%ell1 ,,)\t ,,injur+ ,,! ,,%ell4 ,b5d any ?9 co91 & put x into half a walnut %ell2 place ! %ell on a little s&1 to keep x /eady4 ,!n fill ! %ell ) a mixture made ( ?ree p>ts ( v dry p\nd$ nit]1 "o "p ( fl[]s ( sulphur1 & a little sawdu/ well sift$4 ,if y !n set light to ! mixture1 y w f9d1 :5 x is melt$1 t ! metal w also be melt$ at ! bottom ( ! %ell1 9 =m ( a button1 :i* w become h>d :5 ! burn+ matt] r\nd x is consum$3 ! %ell w h su/a9$ v little injury4 ,,! ,,invisible ,,spr+s4 ,take two pieces ( :ite cotton cord1 precisely alike 9 l5g?2 d\ble ea* ( !m sep>ately1 s t _! ends meet2 !n tie !m toge!r v neatly1 ) a bit ( f9e cotton ?read1 at ! "p :]e !y d\ble 7i4 e4 ! middle74 ,?is mu/ all be done be=eh&4 ,:5 y are go+ to exhibit ! trick1 h& r\nd two o!r pieces ( cord1 exactly simil> 9 l5g? & appe>ance to ^? :i* y h prep>$1 b n ti$1 & desire y\r company to exam9e !m4 ,y !n return to y\r table1 plac+ ^! cords at ! edge1 s t !y fall 7app>5tly accid5tally7 to ! gr\nd1 beh9d ! table2 /oop to pick !m up1 b take up ! prep>$ ones in/ead1 :i* y _h previ\sly plac$ !re1 & lay !m on ! table4 ,y !n take r\nd = exam9ation ?ree ivory r+s2 ^? giv5 to *ildr5 :5 tee?+1 & :i* may be _h at any ( ! toy%ops1 are ! be/ = y\r purpose4 ,:5 ! r+s h und]gone a suffici5t scrut9y1 pass ! prep>$ d\ble cords ?r\gh !m1 & give ! two ends ( "o cord to "o p]son to hold1 & ! two ends ( ! o!r to ano!r4 ,d n let !m pull h>d1 or ! ?read w break1 & y\r trick be discov]$4 ,reque/ ! two p]sons to approa* ea* o!r1 & desire ea* to give y "o end ( ! cord :i* he holds1 leav+ to him ! *oice4 ,y !n say t1 to make all fa/1 y w tie ^! two ends toge!r1 :i* y d1 br++ ! knot d[n s z to t\* ! r+s2 & return+ to ea* p]son ! end ( ! cord next to him1 y /ate t ?is trick is p]=m$ by ! rule ( contr>y1 & t :5 y desire !m to pull h>d1 !y are to slack51 & vice v]sa1 :i* is likely to create mu* laught]1 z !y are c]ta9 to make _m mi/akes at fir/4 ,dur+ ?is "t y are hold+ ! r+s on ! =e f+]s ( ea* h&1 & ) ! o!r f+]s prev5t+ y\r assi/ants f sep>at+ ! cords prematurely1 dur+ _! mi/akes2 y at l5g? desire !m1 9 a l\d voice1 to slack1 :5 !y w pull h>d1 :i* w break ! ?read1 ! r+s rema9+ 9 y\r h&s1 :il/ ! /r+s w rema9 unbrok53 let !m be aga9 exam9$1 & desire !m to look = ! spr+s 9 ! r+s4 ,,! ,,flight ,,( ,,! ,,r+4 ,y may cause a r+ to %ift f "o h& to ano!r & make x g on any f+] requir$ on ! o!r h&1 :ile somebody holds bo? y\r arms1 9 ord] to prev5t communication betwe5 !m1 by att5d+ to ^! in/ructions3 ,desire "s lady 9 company to l5d y a gold r+1 recomm5d+ h] at ! same "t to make a m>k on x1 t %e may "k x aga94 ,h a gold r+ ( y\r own4 :i* fa/5 by a small piece ( catgut /r+ to a wat* b>rel1 & sew x to ! left sleeve ( y\r coat4 ,take ! r+ t is giv5 y 9 y\r "r h&2 !n putt+1 ) dext]ity1 ! o!r r+ fa/5$ to ! wat*-b>rel ne> ! entrance ( y\r sleeve1 draw x privately to ! f+]s' ends ( y\r left h&4 ,dur+ ?is op]ation1 hide ! r+ t has be5 l5t y betwe5 ! f+]s ( y\r "r h&1 & fa/5 x dext]\sly on a little hook sew$ = ! purpose1 on y\r wai/coat1 & hidd5 by y\r coat4 ,aft] t1 %[ y\r r+1 :i* hold 9 y\r left h&2 !n ask ! company on :i* f+] ( ! o!r h& !y wi% x to pass4 ,dur+ ?is int]val1 & z soon z ! answ] has be5 giv51 put ! be=e m5tion$ f+] on ! little hook1 9 ord] to slip ! r+ on x3 at t mom5t let g ! o!r r+1 by op5+ y\r f+]s4 ,! spr+ :i* is 9 ! wat*-b>rel1 be+ conf9$ no long]1 w contract1 & make ! r+ slip "u ! sleeve1 )\t any body p]ceiv+ x1 n ev5 ^? :o hold y\r arms1 z _! att5tion w be occupi$ to prev5t y\r h&s f communicat+4 ,aft] ?is op]ation1 %[ ! assembly t ! r+ is come on ! o!r h&1 & make !m rem>k t x is ! same t _h be5 l5t to y1 or t ! m>k is "r4 ,mu* dext]ity is requir$ 9 ?is trick1 s t ! deception may n be suspect$4 ,,musical ,,figures ,,result+ ,,f ,,s\nd4 ,cov] ! m\? ( a w9e glass1 hav+ a foot-/alk1 ) a ?9 %eet ( membrane1 ov] :i* scatt] a lay] ( f9e s&4 ,! vibrations excit$ 9 ! air by ! s\nd ( a musical in/rum5t1 held )9 a few in*es ( ! membrane1 w cause ! s& on its surface to =m regul> l9es & figures ) a/oni%+ cel]ity1 :i* v>y ) ! s\nd produc$4 ,,to ,,make ,a ,,c>d ,,jump ,,out ,,( ,,! ,,pack4 ,let any p]son draw a c>d1 & aft]w>ds put x into ! pack1 b take c>e t y "k :]e to f9d x at pleasure4 ,?is y may d by hav+ =c$ x4 ,!n put a piece ( wax "u ! ?umb-nail ( y\r "r h&1 & fa/5 a hair by x to y\r ?umb1 & ! o!r end ( ! hair1 by ! same means1 to ! c>d *os53 spread ! pack ^u ! table1 &1 mak+ use ( any words y ?9k fit1 make x jump f ! pack ab\t ! table4 ,,! ,,tell-,,tale ,,c>ds4 ,tell any "o to %uffle ! pack1 to take (f ! upp] c>d1 & to notice x1 !n to lay x on ! table1 ) its face d[nw>d1 & put s _m c>ds ^u x z w make up ?irte5 ) ! numb] ( spots on ! not$ c>d4 ,= in/ance3 if ! c>d :i* ! p]son fir/ look$ at 0 a k+1 que51 knave1 or t51 bid him lay t c>d ) its face d[nw>d1 call+ x t52 ^u t let him lay ano!r1 call+ x elev52 ^u t1 ano!r1 call+ x twelve2 & ^u t1 ano!r1 call+ x ?irte52 !n bid him take (f ! next upp]mo/ c>d3 suppose x to be an eight1 let him lay x d[n on ano!r "p ( ! table1 call+ x eight2 ^u ! latt] ano!r1 call+ x n9e1 & s on 9 ! same way1 until he makes t heap up to ?irte52 !n let him g to ! next upp]mo/ c>d1 & s proce$ to lay out ! ?ird p>cel 9 ! same way z ! two prec$+1 & %\ld ! upp]mo/ c>d be an ace1 he mu/ lay x d[n1 call+ x "o1 ! next two1 c4 ,all ?is %\ld be done ei!r :ile y are out ( ! room1 or y\r back is turn$2 ^u y\r turn+ r\nd1 y take ! c>ds :i* h be5 left2 y\r object be+ to c\nt1 )\t its be+ p]ceiv$1 h[ _m !re are rema9+1 y ?r[ aside ! ?ree top c>ds1 & lay ! next ?ree on ! table1 ) _! faces upw>d2 !n ?r[ away "o1 !n turn up "o1 & s on 9 ! same way1 until y asc]ta9 h[ _m c>ds !y are2 we w suppose t y f9d tw5ty-five c>ds left2 d$uct t51 :5 ! rema9+ fifte5 w be ! numb] ( all ! spots conta9$ 9 all ! bottom c>ds ( ! ?ree heaps1 c\nt+ ! c\rt c>ds z t52 y mu/ recollect t t5 is1 9 all cases1 ! numb] to be d$uct$ f ! c>ds rema9+4 ,hav+ f\nd t fifte5 is ! numb] ( spots on ! c>ds1 d n decl>e x at once2 b select f ^? c>ds :i* lie on ! table1 face upp]mo/1 ?ree or f\r :i* add$ toge!r w make fifte54 ,= in/ance3 %\ld !re be a deuce1 a five1 & an eight1 lay !m aside = a mom5t1 & tak+ ! o!r c>ds f :i* y select$ ! ?ree1 put !m along ) ^? :i* y previ\sly reject$2 y n[ h& ! ?ree telltale c>ds to any p]son1 assur+ him t ! numb] ( pips on ^? c>ds w be ! same z ^? on ! bottom c>ds ( ! ?ree heaps1 :i* w be f\nd to be ! case4 ,,! ,,d\ble ,,doz54 ,pres5t a pack ( c>ds to "o ( ! company1 desir+ him to %uffle !m well1 & to get !m %uffl$ by :omsoev] he pleases2 !n make sev]al p]sons cut !m2 aft] :i* y w propose to "o ( ! company to take ! pack & ?9k ( a c>d1 & rememb] x1 & likewise its ord] 9 ! pack1 by c\nt+ "o1 two1 ?ree1 f\r1 c41 till he comes1 exclusively1 to ! "o ?\ght (2 (f] to g into ano!r room1 or to be bl9dfold$1 :ile he is do+ ?is4 ,n[ decl>e 9 :at ord] ! c>d %all be 9 ! pack2 say1 = in/ance ! tw5ty-f\r?2 &1 by att5d+ to ! foll[+ in/ructions1 x w prove to be s3--,suppose ! p]son :o ?9ks ( ! c>d /ops at ?irte51 & t ! ?irte5? c>d 0 ! que5 ( he>ts1 ! numb] y h /at$ x %all be 9 ! pack be+ tw5ty-f\r2 y return to ! room1 9 case y _h left x1 or desire ! h&k]*ief to be remov$1 if y h be5 bl9dfold$2 &1 )\t ask+ any "q ( ! p]son :o has ?\ght ( ! c>d1 ask only = ! pack1 & apply x to y\r nose1 z if to smell x2 !n pass+ x beh9d y\r back1 or "u ! table1 take1 f ! bottom ( ! pack1 tw5ty-?ree c>ds2 t is to say1 "o less ?an ! numb] y h /at$ ! c>d ?\ght ( %all be2 place ^! tw5ty-?ree c>ds on ! top4 ,?is be+ done1 return ! pack to ! p]son :o _h ?\ght ( ! c>d1 reque/+ him to reckon ! c>ds f ! top ( ! pack1 beg9n+ by ! numb] ( ! c>d he ?\ght (4 ,8 c>d be+ ! ?irte5?1 he w be compell$ to c\nt f\rte51 & y are to /op him :5 he comes to tw5ty-?ree1 rem9d+ him t ! numb] y h m5tion$ is tw5ty-f\r1 & t1 consequ5tly1 ! tw5ty-f\r? c>d1 :i* he is go+ to take up1 w be ! c>d ?\ght (2 & s x w mo/ c]ta9ly be4#ae ,,! ,,h\sebreak]s4 ,take a pack ( c>ds1 & place all ! aces toge!r1 ! twos1 ! ?rees1 & s on up to ! k+s4 ,!re w !n be ?irte5 diff]5t heaps4 ,y say1 ,"h are f\r h\ses 7lay+ d[n ! f\r aces sep>ately71 :i* f\r knaves ent] = ! purpose ( robb+ 7lay+ a knave ^u ea* ace71 & take ) !m _! implem5ts = h\sebreak+ 7& ^u ea* ( ! knaves y lay a two1 ?ree1 f\r1 five1 six1 sev51 & eight74 ,! mi/resses ( ! h\ses come home 7lay+ a que5 ^u ea* ( ! heaps71 br++ _! money ) !m 7lay+ a n9e ^u ea* que574 ,%ortly aft]1 _! husb&s also return 7lay+ a k+ ^u ea* que571 also br++ money ) !m 7lay+ a t5 ^u ea* heap74 ,y h n[ dispos$ ( all ! c>ds1 :i* =m f\r di/9ct heaps4 ,!n lay "o heap ov] ! o!r1 & let z _m p]sons cut !m z please4 ,:5 ?is is done1 if y comm5ce at ! top ( ! pack1 & lay ! c>ds face d[nw>ds1 "o by "o1 s z to make ?irte5 sep>ate heaps1 y w f9d all ! aces toge!r1 ! twos1 & s on1 z y orig9ally plac$ !m4 ,,! ,,magic ,,book4 ,provide an octavo book ( pla9 pap]1 ( :atev] ?ickness y please4 ,turn ov] sev5 leaves f ! beg9n+1 & pa9t a gr\p ( fl[]s2 !n turn ov] sev5 m leaves1 & pa9t ! same aga91 & s on1 until y h turn$ ! book ?r\gh to ! end4 ,!n pa/e a slip ( pap] or p>*m5t to ea* ( ! pa9t$ leaves4 ,turn ! book ov] aga91 & pa9t ^u e six? leaf a p>rot1 & !n pa/e /rips ^u !m z y did ^u ! fir/1 only a little l[] d[n4 ,proce$ 9 ?is mann] until y h pa9t$ ! book full ( pictures ( v>i\s sorts1 tak+ c>e "o side ( ! leaves is left :ite pap]4 ,:5 y use ! book1 hold x 9 y\r left h&1 & set ! ?umb ( y\r "r h& ^u ! fir/ ( ! p>*m5t /ays2 run ! book ?r\gh1 & x w appe> full ( fl[]s2 !n /op &1 bl[+ ^u ! book1 run x ?r\gh aga91 ) ! ?umb ^u ! second slips ( p>*m5t1 & x w1 appe> full ( p>rots4 ,aft]w>ds1 rev]se ! book1 & run x ?r\gh z be=e1 & x w appe> compos$ ( blank pap]4 ,,! ,,tape ,,trick4 ,?is trick consi/s 9 suff]+ a p]son to tie y\r ?umbs toge!r tightly1 & yet t y %all be able to release !m 9 a mom5t1 & tie !m toge!r aga94 ,! mode ( p]=m+ ?is trick is z foll[s3--,lay a piece ( tape across ! palms ( y\r h&s1 plac$ side by side1 lett+ ! ends hang d[n2 !n br+ y\r palms quickly toge!r1 at ! same "t privately cat*+ hold ( ! middle ( ! tape ) y\r f\r? & fif? f+]s4 ,!n direct any p]son to tie y\r ?umbs toge!r z tight z he pleases1 b he w n1 ( c\rse1 9 reality be ty+ !m1 because y h hold ( ! tape1 yet x w nev]!less appe> to him t he is do+ s4 ,reque/ him to place a hat ov] y\r h&s2 !n bl[ ^u ! hat1 & say1 ,be loose1 slipp+ y\r ?umbs f "u ! tape2 direct him to remove ! hat1 & %[ y\r ?umbs free4 ,y !n reque/ ! hat may aga9 be plac$ ov] y\r h&s1 & bl[+ ^u x1 y say ,be ti$1 slipp+ y\r ?umbs "u ! tape aga92 & :5 ! hat is remov$1 y\r ?umbs w appe> ti$ z at fir/4 ,aft] p]=m+ ! trick1 convey ! tape away1 le/ x be detect$4 ,,m ,,?an ,,full4 ,fill a glass to ! brim ) wat]1 & y may add to x _s ( w9e )\t caus+ ! wat] to ov]fl[4 ,,float+ ,,ne$les4 ,fill a cup ) wat]1 g5tly lay on its surface small f9e ne$les1 & !y w float4 ,,! ,,knott$ ,,?read4 ,consid]able amusem5t1 n unmix$ ) wond]1 may be occasion$ among a p>ty ( ladies1 by a clev] p]=mance ( ?is trick4 ,x is mo/ frequ5tly p]=m$ by a female1 b ! effect ( x is consid]ably increas$ :5 x is display$ by a y\?4 ,a piece ( calico1 musl91 or l951 is tak5 9 ! left h&1 a ne$le is ?read$ 9 ! pres5ce ( ! spectators1 & ! usual1 or ev5 a d\ble or treble knot1 made at ! extremity ( "o ( ! ends ( x4 ,! op]ator comm5ces 8 "w by draw+ ! ne$le & ! ?read 9 x q ?r\gh ! l951 not)/&+ ! knot1 & cont9ues to make sev]al /it*es 9 l mann] successively4 ,! mode ( p]=m+ ?is seem+ wond] is z foll[s3 ,a bit ( ?read1 ab\t a qu>t] ( a y>d long1 is turn$ once r\nd ! top ( ! middle f+] ( ! "r h&1 ^u :i* a ?imble is !n plac$1 to keep x secure4 ,?is mu/ be done privately1 & ! ?read kept conceal$1 :ile a ne$le is ?read$ ) a bit ( ?read ( a simil> l5g?4 ,! ?read 9 ! ne$le mu/ h "o ( its ends drawn up ne>ly close1 & be conceal$ betwe5 ! =ef+] & ?umb2 ! o!r %\ld hang d[n ne>ly z long z1 & by ! side ( ! ?read1 :i* is fa/5$ "u ! ?imble1 s t ^! two may appe> to be ! two ends ( ! ?read4 ,! end ( ! piece t is fa/5$ "u ! ?imble is !n knott$1 & ! p]=m] beg9s to sew1 by mov+ 8 h& quickly aft] he has tak5 up ! /it*4 ,x w appe> z ?\gh he actually pass$ ! knott$ ?read ?r\gh ! clo?4 ,,! ,,bac*us ,,exp]im5t4 ,?is exp]im5t1 %[+ ! ela/icity ( air1 is p]=m$ ) a pleas+ toy4 ,x repres5ts a figure ( ,bac*us sitt+ across a cask1 9 :i* are two sep>ate comp>tm5ts4 ,put into "o ( !m a portion ( w9e or color$ liquid1 & place ! app>atus "u ! exhau/$ receiv] ( an air-pump1 :5 ! ela/ic =ce ( ! conf9$ air w cause ! liquid to asc5d a transp>5t glass tube 7fitt$ on purpose71 into ! m\? ( ! ,bac*analian figure4 ,to r5d] ! exp]im5t m /rik+1 a bladd]1 ) a small quantity ( air !re91 is fa/5$ ar\nd ! figure1 & cov]$ ) a loose silk5 robe1 :5 ! air 9 ! bladd] w exp&1 & produce an app>5t increase 9 ! bulk ( ! figure1 z if occasion$ by ! excess ( liquor drunk4 ,,curi\s ,,me?od ,,( ,,measur+ ,,! ,,height ,,( ,a ,,tree4 ,to asc]ta9 ! height ( an object a peculi> me?od ( measurem5t is 9 use among ! ,i/hmus ,indians4 ,9 measur+ ! height ( a tree1 = in/ance1 a man proce$s f its base to a po9t :]e1 on turn+ ! back t[>ds x1 & putt+ ! head betwe5 ! legs1 he c j see ! top2 at ! spot :]e he is able to d ?is he makes a m>k on ! gr\nd to ! base ( ! tree2 ?is di/ance w be equal to ! height4 ,,! ,,transposable ,,pieces4 ,take two qu>t] eagles & two dimes1 & gr9d "p ( !m away1 on "o side only1 s t !y may be b half ! common ?ickness2 & obs]ve1 t !y mu/ be q ?9 at ! edge2 !n rivet a qu>t] eagle & a dime toge!r4 ,lay "o ( ^! d\ble pieces1 ) ! dime upw>ds1 on ! palm ( y\r h&1 at ! bottom ( y\r ?ree fir/ f+]s1 & lay ! o!r piece ) ! qu>t] eagle upw>ds 9 l mann]1 9 ! o!r h&4 ,let ! company take notice 9 :i* h& is ! qu>t] eagle1 & 9 :i* is ! dime4 ,!n1 z y %ut y\r h&s1 y naturally turn ! pieces ov]1 & :5 y op5 !m aga91 ! dime & ! qu>t] eagle w appe> to h *ang$ _! places4 ,,footnotes3 ,footnote #ae3 ,be sure & h ! numb] y "n great] ?an t ( ! fir/ position ( ! c>d 9 ! pack2 = in/ance1 tw5ty-f\r is great] ?an ?irte54 ,,inquire ,,)9 ,= ,any?+ ,y ,wi% to ,"k3 --,,or1-- ,,ov] #c1gjj ,,facts ,,= ,,! ,,p4 ,a l>ge ,vol4 ( #dcf pp41 clo?1 gilt1 ,price #a4 ,s5t free ( po/age4 ,?is ,book1 z its title imports1 w give y correct in=mation on e possible subject t y ev] he>d or ?\ght (6 ,x tells y h[ to cook a d9n]--to cure a sick fri5d1 or cut an acqua9tance--to get up a d9n] p>ty1 or d9e abroad--to play at c>ds1 *ess1 or any o!r popul> game1--:e!r y wi% to e/abli% y\rself 9 life accord+ to ! rules ( etiquette--to get up a sumptu\s entree = ! d9n] table1 or arrange a pla9 d9n]--to fold fancy napk9s--to />t bus9ess--to make money--to dress ) ta/e--to conduct a c\rt%ip--to tie any k9d ( a knot--to get m>ri$--to give an ev5+ p>ty to y\r fri5ds--to behave well 9 company--to keep h\se prop]ly--to dance--to make ornam5tal vases1 by ! new art ( ,poti*omanie1 or ,wax "w1 & o!r fancy employm5ts = ! ladies--to e/abli% acqua9tances accord+ to ! rules ( etiquette--to enjoy an h\r at curi\s puzzles & ari?metical que/ions--to d up a neat p>cel--to relieve ! invalid--to acqua9t y\rself ) ! te*nical t]ms 9 lit]ature1 law1 & m$ic9e--9 %ort1 to d e useful ?+ t c be ?\ght ( or imag9$1 :e!r at home or abroad1 or among y\r fri5ds1 or 9 y\r bus9ess1 or on y\r f>m1 or 9 y\r g>d51 or at a public meet+1 or at a private assembly4 ,x conta9s tables ( all weights & measures2 ,int]e/ ,tables f #a to #aj1jjj at six & sev5 p] c5t1 besides innum]able tables on int]e/+ & curi\s subjects4 ,x gives complete directions h[ to wa%1 />*1 & iron--h[ to keep ! eyes1 hair1 tee?1 & complexion 9 p]fect ord]--h[ to punctuate1 spell1 & write correctly--h[ to compose all k9ds ( lett]s1 f ! billet-d\x to ! bus9ess lett]--h[ to clean furniture1 take c>e ( pet animals--h[ to measure all k9ds ( me*anics' "w--h[ to detect fraudul5t scales--& all ab\t ! prop]ties & uses ( diff]5t m$ic9es4 ,inde$ ?is is really & truly "o ( ! mo/ wond]ful & valuable books ev] pr9t$4 ,besides all ?is in=mation--& we h n room to give an idea ( a hundr$? "p ( x--x conta9s s _m valuable & useful receipts t an enum]ation ( !m requires ,,sev5ty-,,two ,,columns ,,( ,,f9e ,,type ,,= ,,! ,,index4 ,x is no collection ( anci5t say+s & receipts1 b ! :ole are fre% & new1 & suit$ to ! pres5t times4 ,z a book to keep 9 ! family = ref]5ce1 x is unequal$1 compris+ z x does all k9ds ( ,books ( ,in=mation 9 a s+le volume4 ,s5d ca% ord]s to ,,dick ,,fitzg]ald1 ,no4 #ah ,ann ,/reet1 ,n4 ,y4 ,,! ,,reason ,,:y ,,s]ies ,^! useful works w1 :5 complet$1 supply all ! ,reasons :i* ! human m9d has discov]$ = ! v>i$ & int]e/+ ph5om5a ( ,nature2 & = ev5ts1 & _! consequ5ces1 9 religi\s & civil hi/ory4 ,su* a s]ies1 entirely orig9al 9 _! plan1 & execut$ ) ! mo/ consci5ti\s c>e--embrac+ ! v ess5ce ( demon/rative tru? & inductive reason+--mu/ become z widely diffus$ z ! language 9 :i* !y are writt54 ,ea* "w is complete 9 itself4 ,! ,reason ,:y3 ,g5]al ,sci5ce4 ,a c>eful collection ( "s ?\s&s ( reasons = ?+s1 :i*1 ?\gh g5]ally kn[n1 are imp]fectly und]/ood4 ,a book ( cond5s$ sci5tific k = ! million4 ,by ! au?or ( ,inquire ,)94 ,x is a h&some #abmo volume1 ( #cef pages1 pr9t$ on f9e pap]1 b\nd 9 clo?1 gilt1 & embelli%$ ) a l>ge numb] ( wood cuts1 illu/rat+ ! v>i\s subjects treat$ (4 ,price ,,"o ,,doll>4 ,?is "w assigns reasons = ! ?\s&s ( ?+s t daily fall "u ! eye ( ! intellig5t obs]v]1 & ( :i* he seeks a simple & cle> explanation4 ,,example4 ,:y does silv] t>ni% :5 expos$ to ! light8 ,:y is ! sky blue8 ,?is volume answ]s #a1cbe simil> que/ions4 ,! ,biblical ,reason ,:y3 ,a ,,h&-,,book ,,= ,,biblical ,,/ud5ts1 & a ,guide to ,family ,scripture ,read+s4 ,by ! au?or ( ,inquire ,)91 c4 ,beautifully illu/rat$1 l>ge #abmo1 clo?1 gilt side & back4 ,price ,,"o ,,doll>4 ,?is "w gives ,reasons1 f\nd$ ^u ! ,bible1 & assign$ by ! mo/ em95t ,div9es & ,*ri/ian ,philosoph]s1 = ! great & all-absorb+ ev5ts record$ 9 ! ,hi/ory ( ! ,bible1 ! ,life ( our ,savi\r1 & ! ,acts ( 8 ,apo/les4 ,,example4 ,:y did ! fir/ patri>*s atta9 su* extreme longevity8 ,:y is ! ,book ( ! ,prophecies ( ,isaiah a /rong pro( ( ! au!nticity ( ! :ole ,bible8 ,?is volume answ]s upw>ds ( #a1djj simil> que/ions4 ,! ,reason ,:y3 ,natural ,hi/ory4 ,by ! au?or ( ,inquire ,)91 ,! ,biblical ,reason ,:y1 c4 #abmo1 clo?1 gilt side & back4 ,price ,,"o ,,doll>4 ,giv+ ,reasons = hundr$s ( int]e/+ facts 9 connection ) ,zoology1 & ?r[+ a light ^u ! peculi> habits & in/9cts ( ! v>i\s ,ord]s ( ! ,animal ,k+dom4 ,,example4 ,:y d dogs turn ar\nd two or ?ree times be=e !y lie d[n8 ,:y d birds (t5 roo/ ^u "o leg8 ,?is volume answ]s ab\t #a1ejj simil> que/ions4 ,,! ,,foll[+ ,,books ,,( ,,?is ,,s]ies ,,are ,,9 ,,press1 ,,& ,,w ,,be ,,issu$ ,,9 ,,rapid ,,succession3 ,! ,d5om9ational ,reason ,:y4 ,! ,g>d5]'s & ,f>m]'s ,reason ,:y4 ,! ,h\sekeep]'s ,reason ,:y4 ,! ,botanical ,reason ,:y4 ,! ,geological ,reason ,:y4 ,! ,a/ronomical ,reason ,:y4 ,! ,*emical ,reason ,:y4 ,! ,grammatical ,reason ,:y4 ,! ,reason ,:y3 ,natural ,hi/ory4 ,,by ,,! ,,au?or ,,( ,,inquire ,,)91 ,,! ,,biblical ,,reason ,,:y1 ,,reason ,,:y ,,( ,,g5]al ,,sci5ce1 ,,t',s ,,x1 ,,or1 ,,pla9 ,,tea*+s1 c41 c4 ,pr(usely ,illu/rat$4 #abmo1 ,clo?1 ,gilt ,side & ,back4 ,price #a4 ,giv+ reasons = hundr$s ( int]e/+ facts 9 connection ) ,zoology1 & ?r[+ a light ^u ! peculi> habits & in/9cts ( ! v>i\s ,ord]s ( ! ,animal ,k+dom4 ,,example4 ,:y has ! lion su* a l>ge mane8 ,:y does ! ott]1 :5 hunt+ = fi%1 swim aga9/ ! /ream8 ,:y d dogs turn ar\nd two or ?ree times be=e !y lie d[n8 ,:y h flat fi%es _! upp] sides d>k1 & _! "u sides :ite8 ,:y d sport+ dogs make :at is t]m$ a po9t8 ,:y d birds (t5 roo/ ^u1 "o leg8 ,:y d frogs keep _! m\?s clos$ :ile brea?+8 ,:y d cats1 :5 be+ play$ )1 lie on _! backs1 seize ! h& ( ! p]son play+ ) !m ) _! =epaws1 & /rike ) _! h9d feet8 ,:y does ! wr5 build sev]al ne/s1 b occupies only "o8 ,?is volume answ]s ab\t #aejj simil> que/ions4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! ,corn] ,cupbo>d2 or1 ,facts = ,ev]ybody4 ,by ! ,au?or ( ,inquire ,)91 ,! ,reason ,:y1 c4 ,l>ge #abmo1 #djj pages4 ,clo?1 ,gilt ,side & ,back4 ,illu/rat$ ) ov] ,"o ,?\s& ,engrav+s4 ,,price ,,"o ,,doll>4 ,embrac+ ,facts ab\t ,i4 ,?+s n g5]ally kn[n1 ,,ii4 ,?+s t ought to be kn[n4 ,,iii4 ,?+s wor? kn[+4 ,! ,corn] ,cupbo>d is ,a ,complete ,confection]4 ,a ,complete ,cook4 ,a ,complete ,family ,doctor4 ,a ,complete ,g>d5]4 ,a ,complete ,fa!r's ,book4 ,a ,complete ,"m's ,book4 ,a ,complete ,family ,book4 ,a ,complete ,lady's ,book4 ,a ,complete ,g5tleman's ,book4 ,a ,complete ,boy's ,book4 ,a ,complete ,girl's ,book4 ,a ,complete ,ma/]'s ,book4 ,a ,complete ,s]vant's ,book4 ,a ,complete ,amusem5t ,book4 ,a ,fri5d at ,ev]ybody's ,elb[ 9 ,"t ( ,ne$4 ,x tells ab\t ! food we consume1 ! clo!s we we>1 ! h\se we live 91 & facts f ! ,arts & ,sci5ces1 z well z f ,lit]ature1 ,manufacture1 ,comm]ce1 ,anatomy1 ,physiology1 ! ,g>d5 & ,field1 ! :ole =m+ a complete ,encyclop$ia ( ,useful ,k4 ,:e!r 9 ! p>lor or ! kit*51 ! *amb] or ! b\doir1 at home or abroad1 x may be v appropriately call$ ! ,family's ,beady ,advis]4 99 99 99 99 99 #aj1jjj ,,wond]ful ,,?+s4 ,compris+ ! ,m>vell\s & ,r>e1 ,odd1 ,curi\s1 ,qua9t1 ,ecc5tric & ,extraord9>y1 9 all ,ages & ,nations1 9 ,art1 ,nature & ,sci5ce1 includ+ _m ,wond]s ( ! ,_w1 enri*$ ) ,hundr$s ( ,au!ntic ,illu/rations4 ,,edit$ ,,by ,,edmund ,,fill+ham ,,k+1 ,m4 ,a41 ,,au?or ,,( ,,life ,,( ,,newton1 c4 #abmo1 ,clo?1 ,gilt ,side & ,back4 ,price ,"o ,doll>4 ,9 ! pres5t "w1 int]e/+ sc5es f ,nature1 curiosities ( art1 co/ume1 & cu/oms ( a bygone p]iod1 r pr$om9ate2 b we h devot$ _m ( its pages to descriptions ( rem>kable occurr5ces1 beautiful l&scapes1 /up5d\s wat]falls1 & sublime sea pieces4 ,x conta9s n a l9e t ! nice/ judgm5t c\ld pron\nce obnoxi\s2 & yet1 9 e page is a mass ( mat]ial to create bo? surprise & laught]4 ,x is impossible to read ! volume ?r\gh1 )\t feel+1 n only t y h be5 well ent]ta9$1 b well in/ruct$4 po9t+ h& ,copies ( ei!r ( ! above books s5t to any address 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates or ,canada1 free ( po/age4 ,s5d ca% ord]s to ,,dick ,,fitzg]ald1 #ah ,ann ,/reet1 ,new ,york4 ,! ,reason ,:y3 ,,g5]al ,,sci5ce4 ,a ,,c>eful ,,collection ,,( ,"s ,?\s&s ( ,reasons ,,= ,,?+s ,,:i*1 ,,?\gh ,,g5]ally ,,kn[n1 ,,are ,,imp]fectly ,,und]/ood4 ,a ,book ( ,cond5s$ ,sci5tific ,k = ! ,million4 ,,by ,,! ,,au?or ,,( ,,inquire ,,)94 ,:at ',haydn's ,diction>y ( ,dates' is 9 reg>d to ,hi/orical ev5ts1 ?is wond]ful book is 9 respect to sci5tific facts4 ,! plan ( ! book & its execution leave no?+ to be desir$4 ,*ur* ( ,engl& ,mon?ly ,review4 ,?is ,"w assigns ,,reasons1 = ! ?\s&s ( ?+s t daily fall "u ! eye ( ! intellig5t obs]v]1 & ( :i* he seeks a simple & cle> explanation4 ,,example4 ,:y does silv] t>ni% :5 expos$ to ! light8 ,:y d "s colors fade & o!rs d>k5 :5 expos$ to ! sun8 ,:at develops electricity 9 ! cl\ds8 ,:y does lightn+ sometimes appe> r$1 at o!rs yell[1 at o!rs :ite8 ,:y does dew =m r\nd drops on ! leaves ( plants8 ,:y is ! sky blue8 ,?is volume answ]s #a1cbe simil> que/ions4 ,,! ,,reason ,,:y is a h&some #abmo volume1 ( #cej pages1 pr9t$ on f9e pap]1 b\nd 9 clo?1 gilt1 & embelli%$ ) a l>ge numb] ( ,wood ,cuts1 illu/rat+ ! v>i\s subjects treat$ (4 ,,price ,,"o ,,doll>4 po9t+ h& ,copies ,mail$ to any address 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates or ,canada1 free ( po/age4 ,live & ,le>n2 ,a ,,guide ,,to ,,all ,,:o ,,wi% ,,to ,,speak ,,& ,,write ,,correctly4 ,p>ticul>ly int5d$ z a book ( ref]5ce = ! solution ( difficulties connect$ ) ,gramm>1 ,composition1 ,punctuation1 c41 ) explanations ( ,lat9 & ,fr5* words & phrases ( frequ5t occurr5ce 9 newspap]s1 reviews1 p]iodicals1 & books 9 g5]al2 conta9+ examples ( ,,"o ,,?\s& ,,mi/akes ,( daily occurr5ce 9 ,speak+1 ,writ+1 & ,pronunciation1 toge!r ) detail$ ,in/ructions = ,writ+ = ! ,press1 & =ms ( articles 9 ! v>i\s dep>tm5ts ( ,newspap] ,lit]ature4 ,su* a book z ?is has long be5 want$ by ^? :o ent]ta9 ! wi% allud$ to 9 ! title4 ,x is suitable = all classes4 ,we h att5tively conn$ its pages1 & c recomm5d x z "o ( ! be/ works ( ref]5ce = ! "y /ud5t1 or ev5 ! ripe s*ol>1 & z des]v+ to be g5]ally consult$4 ,! "w is altoge!r useful & indisp5sable4 ,tribune4 #baf ,pages1 ,b\nd 9 ,clo?1 #abmo4 ,,price ,,fifty ,,c5ts1 ,& s5t to any address ,free ( ,po/age4 ,s5d ,ca% ,ord]s to ,,dick ,,fitzg]ald1 #ah ,ann ,/reet1 ,n4 ,y4 ,! ,secret ,out2 ,,or1 #a1jjj ,,tricks ,,) ,,c>ds ,,& ,,o!r ,,recreations4 ,,illu/rat$ ,,) ,,ov] #cjj ,,engrav+s4 ,& conta9+ cle> & compreh5sive explanations h[ to p]=m ) ease all ! ,curi\s ,c>d ,deceptions & ,sleight-(-,h& ,tricks extant4 ,) an endless v>iety ( ,ent]ta9+ ,exp]im5ts 9 ,draw+-,room1 or ,:ite ,magic1 includ+ ! celebrat$ ,sci5ce ( ,second ,sight4 ,toge!r ) a *oice collection ( ,intricate & ,puzzl+ ,que/ions4 ,amusem5ts 9 ,*ance1 ,natural ,magic1 etc41 etc41 etc4 ,by ! ,au?or ( ,! ,sociable1 ,! ,magician's ,own ,book1 ,p>lor ,!atricals1 etc4 ,l>ge #abmo1 ,clo?1 ,gilt ,side & ,back4 ,price ,"o ,doll>4 ,a ,book :i* expla9s all ! ,tricks & ,deceptions ) ,play+ ,c>ds1 ev] kn[n or inv5t$1 & gives1 besides1 a great _m new & int]e/+ ones--! :ole be+ describ$ s accurately & c>efully1 ) engrav+s to illu/rate !m1 t anybody c easily le>n h[ to practise ^! ,tricks4 ,?is book conta9s1 9 addition to its num]\s ,c>d ,tricks above describ$1 full & easily und]/ood explanations ( "s ,two ,hundr$ & ,=ty ( ! mo/ ,curi\s1 ,amus+ ,int]e/+ ,sleight-(-,h& ,leg]dema9 ,tricks ,ev] inv5t$1 & :i* are illu/rat$ ) ,engrav+s to make ea* trick und]/ood ) ease4 ,! ,magician's ,own ,book ,,or1 ,,! ,,:ole ,,art ,,( ,,conjur+4 ,be+ a ,complete ,h&-,book ( ,p>lor ,magic1 conta9+ ov] ,"o ,?\s& ,optical1 ,*emical1 ,me*anical1 ,magnetical1 & ,magical ,exp]im5ts1 ,amus+ ,transmutations1 ,a/oni%+ ,sleights & ,subtleties1 ,celebrat$ ,c>d ,deceptions1 ,+5i\s ,tricks ) ,numb]s1 ,curi\s & ,ent]ta9+ ,puzzles--toge!r ) all ! mo/ ,not$ ,tricks ( ,mod]n ,p]=m]s4 ,! :ole ,illu/rat$ ) ov] #ejj ,wood ,cuts1 ,& int5d$ z a s\rce ( ,amusem5t = ,,"o ,,?\s& ,,& ,,"o ,,ev5+s4 #abmo1 clo?1 #djj pages1 gilt side & back /amp4 ,price ,,"o ,,doll>1 s5t free ( po/age4 ,"h is a book = ! long w9t] ev5+s1 & "o t w make all m]ry & happy4 ,x conta9s ov] a ,,?\s& ,,tricks1 ( e description2 & !y are all expla9$ s cle> & explicitly1 t any p]son c compreh5d & p]=m !m ) ease4 ,x also conta9s num]\s ,,curi\s ,,puzzles1 ) patt]ns %[+ h[ !y are done1 any "o ( :i* w af=d amusem5t en\gh = a :ole ev5+4 ,copies s5t to any address free ( po/age4 ,s5d ,ca% ,ord]s to ,,dick ,,fitzg]ald1 #ah ,,ann ,,/reet1 ,,new ,,york4 ,a ,book ( ,nev]-,end+ ,ent]ta9m5t4 ,,! ,,sociable2 ,,or1 ,"o ,?\s& & ,"o ,home ,amusem5ts4 ,,conta9+ ,,act+ ,,prov]bs1 ,,dramatic ,,*>ades1 ,,act+ ,,*>ades1 ,,or ,,draw+-,,room ,,pantomimes1 ,,musical ,,burlesques1 ,,tableaux ,,vivants1 ,,p>lor ,,games1 ,,games ,,( ,,action1 ,,=feits1 ,,sci5ce ,,9 ,,sport ,,& ,,p>lor ,,magic1 ,,& ,a ,,*oice ,,collection ,,( ,,curi\s ,,m5tal ,,& ,,me*anical ,,puzzles1 c4 ,by ! au?or ( ,! ,magician's ,own ,book4 ,illu/rat$ ) ne>ly #cjj ,engrav+s & ,diagrams1 ,,! ,,:ole ,,be+ ,a ,,fund ,,( ,,nev]-,,end+ ,,ent]ta9m5t4 ,ne>ly #djj pages1 #abmo41 ,clo?1 gilt side /amp1 #a4jj4 ,! ,sociable w be f\nd "o ( ! mo/ ext5sively popul> family books ev] issu$ f ! press4 ,z its title implies1 x is a collection--a complete rep]toire--( ! ,,amusem5ts ,,( ,,home1 ,embrac+ a l>ge & compreh5sive li/ ( recreative pa/imes1 arrang$ z foll[s3 ,p>lor ,!atricals1 includ+ ,act+ ,prov]bs1 ,act+ ,*>ades1 ,dramatic ,*>ades & ,tableaux ,vivants2 ,games ( ,action2 ,games requir+ ,memory & ,att5tion2 ,games requir+ ,wit & ,intellig5ce2 ,ruses1 or ,cat* ,games2 ,=feits2 ,puzzles2 ,fireside ,games = ,w9t] ,ev5+s1 & ,sci5ce 9 ,sport1 & ,p>lor ,magic4 ,_m ( ^! ,games--! majority ( !m--are ,,entirely ,,new1 z are1 also1 ! ,,p>lor ,,!atricals ,,& ,,tableaux ,,vivants1 ,:i* 7 ,,prep>$ ,,expressly ,,= ,,?is ,,"w4 ,ev]y?+ 9 ! book is sup]ior ( its k9d--! greate/ c>e hiv+ be5 tak5 to exclude ev]y?+ t 0 n above ! /&>d ( m$iocrity 9 int]e/ & +5uity4 ,x is ,,! ,,only ,,book ,,( ,,?is ,,k9d ,ev] ,publi%$ 9 ,am]ica1 ,& z x w be invaluable to ,families1 ,s*ools1 ,social ,clubs1 etc41 z a book ( ref]5ce on all matt]s ( ,amusem5t & ,recreation1 !re mu/ be a /eady & p]man5t dem& = x at all seasons & 9 all ye>s1 al?\gh few ( ! s-call$ ,holiday ,books are z appropriate = ,gifts z ,,! ,,sociable4 ,ea* dep>tm5t is ,,amply ,,illu/rat$ ) ,,beautiful ,,wood ,,engrav+s ,:i* r5d] ! ,text cle>1 & fully expla9 all ! ,puzzles1 ! ,me*anical ,contrivances m5tion$1 & o!r ?+s difficult to describe 9 writ+4 ,x is elegantly b\nd1 s z to be an ornam5t to any c5t]-table1 & its typographical execution is a specim5 ( ! highe/ excell5ce4 ,! ne$ ( su* a collection ( ,,home ,,games has long be5 felt1 & ! publi%]s believe t ?is endeavor on _! "p1 to supply t want1 mu/ meet ) ! fulle/ success4 ,!y h sp>$ nei!r tr\ble nor exp5se to r5d] x a complete & invaluable vade mecum ( ,dome/ic ,amusem5ts1 s t its "n may be famili> z a ,h\sehold ,^w 9 all families1 nor?1 s\?1 ea/ & we/1 :]e ! value ( :olesome & innoc5t recreation is recogniz$4 ,price only ,"o ,doll>1 b\nd 9 clo?1 ) gilt side & back /amp1 s5t to any address 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 free ( po/age4 ,s5d ca% ord]s to ,,dick ,,fitzg]ald1 ,publi%]s1 #ah ,ann ,/reet1 ,new ,york4 ,! ,p]fect ,g5tleman2 ,or1 ,,etiquette ,,& ,,eloqu5ce4 ,a ,book ( ,in=mation & ,in/ruction = ^? :o desire to become ,brilliant or ,conspicu\s 9 ,g5]al ,society1 or at ,p>ties1 ,d9n]s or ,popul> ,ga!r+s1 c4 ,a h&some volume ( #cce pages1 beautifully b\nd & gilt4 ,price #a #jj4 ,?is is n only a valuable book ( ref]5ce1 b x conta9s m9ute ,in/ructions = ,g5tlem5 9 all ^? mod]n accompli%m5ts :i* h become almo/ a necessity 9 ?is age ( ref9em5t4 ,x gives directions h[ to use ,w9e at ,table1 ) rules = judg+ ! quality !re(--,rules = ,c>v+1 & a complete ,etiquette ( ! ,d9n] ,table1 includ+ ,d9n] ,spee*es1 ,toa/s & ,s5tim5ts1 ,wit & ,conv]sation at ,table1 c4 ,x has also an ,am]ican ,code ( ,etiquette & ,polit5ess = all occasions--,model ,spee*es1 ) directions h[ to deliv] !m--,duties ( ! ,*airman at ,public ,meet+s1 ,=ms ( ,preambles & ,resolutions1 c4 ,9 %ort1 ?is book w give a man e possible in=mation he may desire to enable him to appe> to good advantage 9 ei!r public or private life4 ,x is a *oice book t any g5tleman w f9d a valuable addition to 8 libr>y4 ,we expect to sell at lea/ "o hundr$ ?\s& copies ( ?is "w1 & ! price is correspond+ly l[4 ,art ( ,danc+ )\t a ,ma/]2 ,or1 ,ball ,room ,guide & ,in/ructor4 ,,to ,,:i* ,,is ,,add$ ,h9ts on ,etiquette2 also1 ,! ,figures1 ,music & ,necess>y ,in/ruction = ! ,p]=mance ( ! mo/ ,mod]n & ,improv$ ,dances4 ,by ,,edw>d ,,f]r]o1 ,pr(essor ( ,danc+ at ,we/ ,po9t4 ,by ! aid ( :i* any "o c atta9 a k ( ! ,art ( ,danc+ )\t a ,ma/]4 ,?is "w also conta9s ,,"o ,,hundr$ ,,& ,,five ,,pages ,,( ,,! ,,*oice/ ,,music1 ,arrang$ = ! ,piano ,=te by ! mo/ celebrat$ ,pr(essors4 ,! :ole =m+ ! mo/ valuable & useful melange = ! c5tre-table ( ! draw+-room ev] publi%$4 ,! ,,music alone1 if pur*as$ 9 sep>ate %eets at any ( ! music /ores1 w\ld co/ t5 times ! price ( ! book4 ,?us y c obta9 a ,hi/ory ( ,danc+1 ,h9ts on ,etiquette1 ! ,figures & ,/eps ( all ,dances1 & ,t5 ,doll>s' wor? ( ! ,*oice/ ,music ,,= ,,"o ,,doll>4 ,,songs ,,( ,,irel&4 ,embrac+ ,songs ( ! ,affections1 ,convivial & ,comic ,songs1 ,patriotic & ,milit>y ,songs1 ,hi/orical & ,political ,songs1 ,moral1 ,s5tim5tal1 ,satirical1 & ,miscellane\s ,songs4 ,edit$ & ,annotat$ by ,,samuel ,,lov]1 ,esq41 ,au?or ( ,h&y ,&y1 ,rory ,o',m1 ,leg5ds & ,/ories ( ,irel&1 c4 ,embelli%$ ) num]\s f9e ,illu/rations1 engrav$ by ! celebrat$ ,dalziel4 #abmo1 ,clo?1 ,gilt ,side & ,back4 ,price #a #be4 ,h& ,copies ( ! above ,books s5t to any address 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates free ( po/age4 ,s5d ca% ord]s to ,,dick ,,fitzg]ald1 #ah ,ann ,/reet1 ,n4 ,y4 ,,dick ,,fitzg]ald',s ,,li/ ,,( ,,publications4 ,judge ,haliburton's ,works4 ,sam ,slick 9 ,se>* ( a ,wife4 #abmo41 ,pap] #j #ej ,clo?1 price #a #jj ,ev]ybody has he>d ( ,sam ,slick1 ! ,clockmak]1 & he has giv5 8 op9ion on almo/ ev]y?+4 ,?is book conta9s 8 op9ion ab\t ,c\rt9 ! ,gals6 & 8 laughable adv5tures aft] ! petticoats4 ,buy ?is book if y want _m good he>ty laughs4 ,!re is a book call$ ,! ,horse1 & ano!r ,! ,c[1 & ,! ,dog1 & s on2 :y %\ldn't !re be "o on ,! ,gals8 ,!y are ab\t ! mo/ difficult to *oose & to manage ( any creat$ critt]1 & !re a9t any dep5dable directions ab\t pick9' & *oos9' ( !m4 ,is x any wond] !n s _m fell[s get tak5 9 :5 !y g = to swap he>ts ) !m8 ,sam ,slick's ,nature & ,human ,nature4 ,l>ge #abmo41 ,pap] #ej ,clo? price #a #jj ,! ,atta*e2 or1 ,sam ,slick 9 ,engl&4 ,l>go #abmo41 ,pap] #ej ,clo? price #a #jj ,sam ,slick's ,say+s & ,do+s4 ,pap] #ej ,clo? price #a #jj ,?is is ! mo/ amus+ collection ( ! ,op9ions1 ,say+s & ,do+s ( ! fam\s ,sam ,slick1 t has ev] be5 publi%$4 ,x gives ! exp]i5ces ( ! ,yankee ,clockmak]1 & ! incid5ts t occurr$ 9 8 j\rney+s ov] ! _w1 toge!r ) 8 obs]vations on m5 & ?+s 9 g5]al2 also conta9+ 8 op9ions on ,matrimony4 ,miscellane\s ,books4 ,c\rt%ip ,made ,easy2 or1 ! ,my/]ies ( ,mak+ ,love ,fully ,expla9$4 ,) specim5 ,love ,lett]s4 ,conta9+ also a ,treatise on ! g5]al qualifications necess>y = ,m>riage1 & ! prop] age & condition = ,w$lock1 c4 ,by ,,h>ry ,,haz51 ,jr41 a wid[] :o has be5 ?rice m>ri$1 b is /ill "y en\gh to be an especial favorite ( ! ladies4 price #ac ,! ,ladies' ,love ,oracle2 or1 ,c\nsellor to ! ,fair ,sex4 ,be+ a complete ,=tune ,tell] & ,int]pret] to all que/ions ^u ! diff]5t ev5ts & situations ( life1 b m especially relat+ to all circum/ances connect$ ) ,love1 ,c\rt%ip & ,m>riage4 ,by ,,madam ,,le ,,m>*&4 ,illu/rat$ cov]1 pr9t$ 9 colors4 price #j #be ,*e/]field's ,art ( ,lett]-writ+ ,simplifi$4 ,a ,guide to ,fri5dly1 ,affectionate1 ,polite & ,bus9ess ,correspond5ce4 price #ac ,conta9+ a l>ge collection ( ! mo/ valuable in=mation relative to ! ,art ( ,lett]-,writ+1 ) cle> & complete in/ructions h[ to beg9 & end ,correspond5ce1 ,rules = ,punctuation & ,spell+1 c41 toge!r ) num]\s examples ( ,lett]s & ,notes on e subject ( ,epi/ol>y int]c\rse1 ) sev]al ,important ,h9ts on ,love ,lett]s4 ,! ,laws ( ,love4 ,a ,complete ,code ( ,gallantry4 #abmo4 ,pap]1 price #be ,conta9+ concise rules = ! conduct ( ,c\rt%ip ?r\gh its entire progress1 aphorisms ( love1 rules = tell+ ! *>act]s & dispositions ( wom51 rem$ies = love1 & an ,epi/ol>y ,code4 ,gambl]s' ,tricks ) ,c>ds ,expos$ & ,expla9$4 ,by ,j4 ,h4 ,,gre51 ,re=m$ ,gambl]4 #abmo4 ,pap]4 price #be ,?is "w conta9s "o hundr$ tricks ) c>ds1 expla9$1 & %[s ! num]\s *eats :i* ,gambl]s practice ^u _! unw>y dupes4 ,! un9itiat$ w />e :5 !y "h see h[ easily !y c be sw9dl$ by deal+1 cutt+1 & %uffl+ c>ds4 ,h[ to ,w9 & ,h[ to ,woo2 ,conta9+ ,rules = ! ,etiquette ( ,c\rt%ip1 ) directions %[+ h[ to w9 ! favor ( ,ladies1 h[ to beg9 & end a ,c\rt%ip1 & h[ ,love ,lett]s %\ld be writt54 price #ac ,bridal ,etiquette2 ,a ,s5sible ,guide to ! ,etiquette & ,obs]vances ( ! ,m>riage ,c]emonies2 conta9+ complete directions = ,bridal ,receptions1 & ! necess>y rules = bridesmaids1 groomsm51 s5d+ c>ds1 c41 c4 price #ac ,h[ to ,behave2 or1 ,! ,_s ( ,etiquette3 ,a complete guide to ,polite ,society1 = ,ladies & ,g5tlem52 conta9+ rules = good behavior at ! d9n] table1 9 ! p>lor1 & 9 ! /reet2 ) important h9ts on introduction1 & ! art ( conv]sation4 price #ac ,h& ,any ,book on ?is ,li/ w be s5t to any address 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates or ,canada1 ,free ( ,po/age4 ,s5d ,ca% ,ord]s to ,,dick ,,fitzg]ald1 #ah ,ann ,/41 ,n4 ,y4 ,da%es ( ,am]ican ,humor4 ,) num]\s laughable illu/rations1 on t9t$ pap]1 f designs f ,john ,lea*1 #cbj pages1 pap] cov]1 #j #ej ,clo?1 gilt1 price #a #jj ,?is "w conta9s 9 its #cbj pages1 "s ?irty ( ! mo/ amus+ articles we h ev] p]us$1 r$ol5t ) n only humor1 b ) wisdom & pa?os2 ! happie/ days & mo/ innoc5t recreations ( our y\? are "h recall$4 ,dr4 ,val5t9e's ,comic ,lectures4 ,a ,budget ( ,wit & ,humor2 or1 ,morsels ( ,mir? = ! ,melan*oly4 ,a c]ta9 cure = ! ,blues1 & all o!r s]i\s compla9ts4 ,compris+ ,comic ,lectures on ,heads1 ,faces1 ,noses1 ,m\?s1 ,animal ,magnetism1 etc41 ) ,specim5s ( ,eloqu5ce1 ,transactions ( ,le>n$ ,societies1 ,del9eations ( ,ecc5tric ,*>act]s1 ,comic ,songs1 etc41 etc4 ,by ,dr4 ,w4 ,,val5t9e1 ! favorite del9eator ( ,ecc5tric ,*>act]s4 ,illu/rat$ ) twelve portraits ( ,dr4 ,val5t9e 9 8 mo/ celebrat$ *>act]s4 #abmo41 ,clo?1 gilt #a #jj ,ornam5t$ pap] cov] price #ej ,dr4 ,val5t9e's ,comic ,metamorphoses4 ,be+ ! second s]ies ( ,dr4 ,val5t9e's ,lectures1 ) *>act]s z giv5 by ! late ,yankee ,hill4 ,embelli%$ ) num]\s portraits4 ,ornam5tal ,pap] ,cov] #ej ,clo?1 gilt price #a #jj ,laughable ,adv5tures ( ,messrs4 ,br[n1 ,jones & ,rob9son1 %[+ :]e !y w5t1 & h[ !y w5t2 :at !y did1 & h[ !y did x4 ,) ne>ly #bjj mo/ ?rill+ly comic engrav+s4 price #be ,laugh+ ,gas4 ,an ,encyclop$ia ( ,wit1 ,wisdom & ,w9d4 ,by ,,sam ,,slick1 ,jr4 ,comically illu/rat$ ) #ajc orig9al & laughable engrav+s1 & ne> #ejj side-ext5d+ jokes1 & o!r ?+s to get fat on2 & ! be/ ( x is1 t ev]y?+ ab\t ! book is new & fre%--all new2 new designs1 new /ories1 new type--no comic almanac /uff4 ,x w be f\nd a complete antidote to h>d times4 price #be ,! ,c\rt%ip ( ,*evali] ,sly-,fox-,wik(f1 %[+ 8 he>t-r5d+1 a/\nd+1 & mo/ wond]ful love adv5tures ) ,fanny ,elssl] & ,miss ,gambol4 ,illu/rat$ ) #bjj comic engrav+s price #j #be ,! ,extraord9>y & ,mir?-,provok+ ,adv5tures by ,sea & ,l&1 ( ,osc> ,%anghai4 ,illu/rat$ by ne>ly #bjj comic engrav+s price #be ,all told 9 a s]ies ( ne>ly two hundr$ ( ! mo/ risible1 quizzible1 provok+1 peculi>1 saucy & spicy cuts ev] ga!r$ )9 ! leaves ( any "o book4 ,all fond ( a he>ty laugh1 "h is amusem5t = _m a m]ry h\r4 ,*>ley ,:ite's ,e?iopian ,joke ,book4 ,be+ a p]fect ,casket ( ,fun1 ! fir/ & only "w ( ! k9d ev] publi%$4 ,conta9+ a full expose ( all ! mo/ laughable ,jokes1 ,/ories1 ,witticisms1 c41 z told by ! celebrat$ ,e?iopian ,com$ian1 ,*>les ,:ite4 #ahmo41 #id pages price #ab ,black ,wit & ,d>key ,conv]sations4 ,by ,*>les ,:ite4 ,conta9+ a l>ge collection ( ,laughable ,anecdotes1 ,jokes1 ,/ories1 ,witticisms1 & ,d>key ,conv]sations4 #ahmo41 price #ab ,*ips f ,uncle ,sam's ,jack ,knife4 ,illu/rat$ ) ov] "o hundr$ ,comical ,engrav+s1 & compris+ a collection ( ov] #ejj ,laughable ,/ories1 ,funny ,adv5tures1 ,comic ,poetry1 ,que] ,conundrums1 ,t]rific ,puns1 ,witty ,say+s1 ,sublime ,jokes & ,s5tim5tal ,s5t5ces4 ,! :ole be+ a mo/ p]fect portfolio = ^? :o love to laugh4 ,l>ge ,octavo price #be ,! ,comical ,adv5tures ( ,david ,dufficks4 ,illu/rat$ ) ov] #ajj ,funny engrav+s4 ,l>ge ,octavo1 price #be ,yale ,college ,scrapes2 or ,h[ ! ,boys ,g ,x at ,new ,hav54 price #be ,?is is a book ( #aad pages1 conta9+ acc\nts ( all ! not$ & fam\s ,scrapes & ,sprees1 ( :i* /ud5ts at ,old ,yale h be5 guilty = ! la/ qu>t] ( a c5tury4 ,! ,comic ,w&]+ ,jew4 ,full ( ,fun & conta9+ #ajj ,humor\s engrav+s price #be ,h& ,any ,book on ?is ,li/ w be s5t to any address 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates or ,canada1 ,free ( ,po/age4 ,s5d ,ca% ,ord]s to ,,dick ,,fitzg]ald1 #ah ,ann ,/41 ,n4 ,y4 ,! ,h>p ( a ,?\s& ,/r+s ,,or1 ,,laught] ,,= ,a ,,lifetime4 ,& peculi>ly prep>$ to produce prolific ,,peals ,,( ,,laught]4 ,! v qu9tess5ce ( ,,human ,,wit1 ,,wagg]y & ,,wisdom4 #djj ,pages ( ! mo/ ,mir?-,provok+ ,lit]ature ev] pr9t$4 ,x conta9s m ?an a ,million ,laughs1 & is ,illu/rat$ ) #bjj ,comic ,cuts4 ,! pictures are all orig9al1 design$ by "s ( our be/ arti/s 7includ+ ,d>ley71 & ! collection ( droll conceits & que] /ories is unsurpass$1 hav+ be5 sev]al ye>s 9 prep>ation4 ,l>ge #ab mo1 ne>ly #djj pages1 ,illu/rat$ ) #bjj ,comic ,engrav+s1 & b\nd 9 f9e ,clo?1 ) gilt side & back /amp4 ,,price ,,"o ,,doll> ,,& ,,tw5ty-,,five ,,c5ts4 ,,! ,,book ,,( ,"o ,?\s& ,comical ,/ories ,or1 ,,endless ,,repa/ ,,( ,,fun4 ,a ri* ,banquet = ,e ,day 9 ! ,ye>1 ) sev]al c\rses & a dess]t4 ,,bill ,,( ,,f>e3 ,compris+ ,tales ( ,humor1 ,laughable ,anecdotes1 ,irresi/ible ,droll]ies1 ,jovial ,jokes1 ,comical ,conceits1 ,puns & ,pick+s1 ,quibbles & ,qu]ies1 ,bon ,mots & ,broadgr9s1 ,oddities1 ,epigrams1 c41 c4 ,m]ry ,songs = ,m]ry ,mom5ts2 ,conundrums = ! ,million2 an inexhau/ible /ore ( ,nuts to ,crack1 & ,sports & ,pa/imes = all ,seasons--=m+ a ,welcome ,gue/ = ,spr+1 a ,*e]ful ,fri5d = ,summ]1 a ,jovial ,ho/ = ,autumn1 a ,pleasant ,companion = ,w9t]1 & a v>i$ ,fea/ ( ,mir? 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