,transcrib$ f ! #ahga ,w4 ,spurrell     
edition by ,david ,price1 email         
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#ahga                                   

99 99 99 99 99            8,! ,cl]gy    
ev]y:]e %\ld be emphatically #8! tea*]s 
(                     p1' & lead]s (    
mod]n ?\ght40                           
,! ,rector ( ,m]?yr4          ,a        
,,s]mon4  ,i4                           
,,luke x4 #db4        8,b "o ?+ is      
ne$ful1 & ,m>y ha? *os5 t good "p       
:i* %all n be tak5 away f h]40    ,,!   
disc\rses :i* ,i h ! privilege ( deliv]+
 9 ?is *apel1  are specially address$ to
 my y\ng] bre?r51 ! und]graduates4  ,i  
_c b dwell ) pleasure ^u ! "t :5 ,i 0   
myself a /ud5t  9 ?is college4  ,?is1   
toge!r ) ! fact t ,i am a native ( !    
l[] "p ( ?is c\nty1 & 0 br\ght up among 
"s ( ! mo/  primitive ( ! ,wel% p1 &    
consequ5tly am famili> ) _!  lead+      
s5tim5ts1 mann]s1 & cu/oms1 places me1  
,i _c help  feel+1 9 a /ate ( close     
sympa?y ) ! great] numb] ( y4  ,assum+ !
 exi/5ce ( ?is fell[ feel+1 ,i h *os51  
on ?is  occasion1 to inve/igate ! social
 & religi\s condition ( my  c\ntrym5 9 a
 light :i* has n yet p5etrat$ into !    

fa/nesses (  ! popul> m9d ( ,wales4  ,i 
h done ?is1 because ! subject is "o  t  
elicits ideas ( high import1 :i* x is   
desirable y %\ld "k1  inasmu* z !y ought
 to prove ( signal s]vice to y 9 y\r    
future  m9i/rations4    ,we are liv+1 y 
%\ld be aw>e1 9 critical times4  ,old   
in/itutions  & dogmas are rudely        
assail$1 & *all5g$ to v9dicate _! "r  to
 respect be=e ! tribunal ( reason4  ,x  
is well !n t y  %\ld h "s lead+ ideas   
implant$ 9 y\r m9d1 s t y may  ! bett]  
be able to compreh5d ! nature ( ! *ange 
t is com+  ov] u4  ,z ?is *ange proce$s1
 y w probably he> cries (  despair f ?is
 p>ty & f t1 & h>% & un*>itable         
accusations w be flung by "o at ! o!r4  
,be n !re=e 9  p]plexity1 b ( ?is be v  
c]ta91 8,! ,"l ha? prep>$ ,8  ?rone 9 ! 
heav5s1 & ,8 k+dom rule? ov] all20 &    
?\gh we  may see ! pet s*emes ( m5 end+ 
9 signal failure1 n = "o  mom5t c we    
suppose t ,god's et]nal purposes w come 
to n\ght1  t ,8 ^w w return to ,him     
void4    8,?is10 rem>ks ! le>n$ bi%op ( 

?is diocese1 8is an age (  re/less      
curiosity1 & se>*+ inquiry4  ,if we fail
 to come at !  tru?1 x is n because we  
ev] %r9k f approa*+ x2 n because  we let
 ourselves be /opp$ by any conv5tional  
b>ri]s ( usage or  au?ority4  ,we admit 
no "r 9 any "o to judge = u on subjects 
:i* we are able to judge = ourselves4   
,we take no op9ion ^u tru/1  because x  
has come d[n to u ) ! /amp ( an hon\r$  
"n4  ,we  adopt x only aft] we h made x 
our own by a rigid scrut9y ( its        
intr9sic claims to our ass5t4  ,x is an 
age 9 :i* all pret5sions to  respect &  
def]5ce are jeal\sly exam9$1 & 9 :i* x  
is m  difficult ?an ev] = any false     
pret5ces long to elude detection40 #d   
,! t5d5cy "h describ$ by ! bi%op1 ought 
to sugge/ to y !  necessity ( mak+      
y\rselves acqua9t$ ) ! lead+            
*>act]i/ics ( ! "t1 & urge y s to tra9  
y\r und]/&+1  t y %all be always ready1 
z ! apo/le enjo9s1 to give a reason  = !
 hope t is 9 y4  ,9 ,wales1 h[ev]1 ow+  
to h] isolat$  condition1 divid$ l a    

,mil=d ,hav5 f ! va/ ,atlantic1 x is  q 
possible t x may be a consid]able "t    
be=e ?is re/less  & inquir+ _s w make   
itself s g5]ally felt z else:]e4  ,?is  
may be an advantage to y2 =1 f y\r      
tranquil hav51 y may  be able           
dispassionately to =m a judicial op9ion 
( ! commotion :i*  is be+ felt by o!rs  
at a di/ance f y4    ,few ?+s indicate m
 cle>ly ! religi\s condition ( ! ,wel%  
p ?an ! clos5ess ) :i*1 9 s _m respects1
 !y apply1  b 9 a c]ta9 limit$ s5se1 !  
pr9ciple conta9$ 9 ! text1 8,b  "o ?+ is
 ne$ful20 namely1 to le>n & to h ! m9d (
 ,*ri/1 a  requirem5t f> m compreh5sive 
?an _m seem to ?9k2 = does n  t good "p 
:i* %all n be tak5 away1 embrace all ! k
  we c obta9 ( ,god's p[]1 wisdom1 &    
love8    ,h[ deeply ! c>es ( life1 !    
8:at %all we eat1 or :at %all we  dr9k1 
or :]e)al %all we be clo!d80 ! anxieties
 ( bus9ess1  ! wild fev] ( speculation &
 gambl+1 ! frivolities ( a life  devot$ 
to ! exclusive pursuit ( pleasure &     
excitem5t1 ! ardu\s  /ra9 endur$ 9      

climb+ giddy heights ( fame1 glory1 &   
p[]2 h[  deeply are all su* m]ely       
temporal pursuits1 ev5 7 !y innoc5t1    
condemn$ z vanity ( vanities1 by t lov+ 
repro( ( our ,savi\r1  8,b "o ?+ is     
ne$ful40  ,h[ev] unm9dful we may be ( ! 
fact1  et]nity surr\nds & makes prison]s
 ( u all2 & :at is ! :ole  _w ) all its 
pomp1 weal?1 greatness1 & pleasures1    
view$ 9 !  dimm+ light ( t et]nity8     
,:at %all x pr(it a man if he ga9       
ev]y?+ b :at is really ne$ful1 ev]y?+ b 
! good "p1  s9ce 8:5 he die? he %all    
c>ry no?+ away1 8 glory %all n  desc5d  
aft] him80  ,?is inde$1 is a mo/ s]i\s &
 awful  consid]ation1 & no "o possess$ (
 prop] feel+1 c treat x )  levity4  ,!  
grave1 )\t respect ( p]sons1 confronts u
 all ) its  awe-inspir+ illimitable     
beyond2 & we _c1 if we w\ld1 br\ght up  
z we h be5 to possess long-/&+          
associations on ! side (  ,*ri/ian tru?1
 & 9 h>mony ) ! voice ( consci5ce & !   
high] aspirations & pres5tim5ts ( ! s\l1
 br+ ourselves to  believe t we %all n  

reap h]eaft] z we h s[n "h4    ,h[ (t5 h
 ! hills & valley ( ,wales res\nd$ to   
/a9s l  ^!1 & long may !y d s4  ,b a mo/
 important "q to ask is1  :at is        
compris$ 9 ! "o ?+ ne$ful8  ,are sci5ce1
 lit]ature1 &  art ( only tempor>y      
value8  ,9 ! day ( trial w !y prove1 ev5
  :5 true & pure1 b 8wood1 hay1 &       
/ubble10 or w !y turn out  to be a      
portion ( ! 8gold1 silv]1 & preci\s     
/ones0 :i* we c  c>ry ) u to ! bett] l&8
    ,i %all n1 ,i presume1 be f> f !    
tru?1 :5 ,i decl>e t !  ,wel% are1 on ! 
:ole1 a ,god-fe>+ p2 & t !y are some:at 
rem>kable = ! mann] 9 :i* !y put into   
practice ! pr9ciple  conta9$ 9 ! text1  
8,b "o ?+ is ne$ful40  ,if we except !  
v>i\s pursuits by :i* !y ga9 _!         
livelihood1 ! ,wel%-speak+  portion ( my
 c\ntrym5 h few proclivities ap>t f     
religion4  ,_! read+ is almo/ purely    
religi\s read+2 _! music1 psalmody2  _! 
social ga!r+s1 = ! mo/ "p1 cl]ical      
meet+s1 religi\s  camp meet+s1 & !      
assembl+ ( ,sabba? s*ools4  ,_!         

p]iodical  lit]ature consi/s almo/ :olly
 ( religi\s magaz9es4  ,secul>  k1      
secul> music1 & well nigh ev]y?+        
approa*+ to  fiction1 are by _m ( !m    
deem$ n only valueless b s9ful4  ,y     
gwir yn erbyn y byd1 a motto ( :i* !    
,wel% nation may ju/ly be  pr\d1        
expresses ! intol]ance ) :i* _m natives 
( !  ,pr9cipality reg>d ev]y?+ b :at !y 
believe to be d[nright  sob] tru?4  ,is 
x ! "o ?+ ne$ful8  ,if n1 avoid x z     
mis*iev\s2 at all ev5ts1 8d n sp5d y\r  
money = t :i* is  n bread1 & y\r lab\r =
 t :i* pr(ite? n40  ,t ! great  mass (  
my c\ntry-p are rem>kable = :at _m w\ld 
consid] !  logical r$uction (           
,*ri/ianity into practice1 is           
unque/ionable2 b  are !y !re=e1 any m   
?an ,/4 ,an?ony & ! e>ly pilgrims1 :o   
believ$ !y did ! same ?+1 to be po9t$   
out z wor?y !  imitation ( o!rs 9 all   
respects8    ,! ,wel%-speak+ inhabitants
 ( ?is c\ntry1 x mu/ be admitt$1 live  9
 a mann] :i* has its attractions =      
primitiv5ess & homel9ess2  _! wants are 

few1 _! passions are mu* "u control1 !y 
are  self-d5y+1 indu/ri\s1 & provid5t2 &
 ?r\gh\t !  ,pr9cipality1 mu* to its    
cr$it1 crim9al cases b seldom d>k5 !    
cal5d>4  ,su* be+ ! social condition ( !
 ,wel%1 b m  especially 9 ! agricultural
 di/ricts ( :at has be5 t]m$ ,wel%      
,wales1 ?\gh n inde$ )\t exceptions z   
reg>ds keep+ ! 8body  9 temp]ance1      
sob]ness1 & *a/ity10 w\ld x n be        
desirable to  take note ( ! influ5ces   
:i* conduce to su* a /ate ( ?+s1 )  !   
view ( br++ ! same to be> ^u            
communities1 9 :i* s _m  are deplorably 
corrupt1 crim9al1 & pr(ane8  ,:51 h[ev]1
 we come to  consid] t "o ( ! lead+     
causes ( ! peculi>ities exhibit$ by  !  
,wel%1 is ! isolation result+ f _!      
language1 few  di/9ctive po9ts rema9 9  
_! social economy :i* admit ( be+  copi$
 ) advantage by o!r communities4        
,influ5ces :i* are rapidly  *ang+ ! "* (
 ! ,engli%1 & ! bett] educat$ classes 9 
^! p>ts1 ex]cise b a fa9t effect ^u !   
primitive ,wel%2  because !y are1 by _! 

language1 %ut out f ! re/ ( ! _w4  ,!y  
are l ! riv] wat]1 :i* is out ( ! ma9   
curr5t4  ,_!  mann]s1 cu/oms1 & ideas1  
all t5d to p]man5cy4  ,! sons foll[  )  
little *ange 9 ! /eps ( _! fa!rs1 & !   
daught]s 9  ^? ( _! mo!rs4  ,z a        
consequ5ce ( ?is1 ev5 9 bus9ess         
pursuits1 !y are1 l ! ,fr5* ,canadians1 
defici5t 9 ent]prise1  & acquire prop]ty
 mo/ly by sav+ & self-d5ial4  ,l !      
,*9ese1  !y give "o ! idea ( a p ^:     
developm5t has be5 arre/$ at  a c]ta9   
/age1 ^: inspiration is drawn f ! pa/1 &
 n1 z by  ! ,israelites ( old1 f !      
future4  ,!y love to dwell on !         
antiquity ( _! language1 & its purity f 
=eign elem5ts4  ,:at  !y 7 is to !m a   
s\rce ( fond exultation4  ,:at !y are   
de/9$  to become1 !y fe> to contemplate4
    ,i claim to be a lov] ( my c\ntry4  
,i admire mu* ! social & civic  virtues1
 & ! religi\s en?usiasm ( h] p2 b ,i am 
=c$ to  admit t among ! ,wel%1 z su*1   
!re is no onw>d t5d5cy4  ,t  is a great 
& noble ambition ( !irs :i* urges !m to 

reta9 _!  language2 & !y firmly believe 
9 ! prophecy1 8,eu hiai? a  gadwant40   
,b to be equally b5t on p]petuat+ c]ta9 
peculi>ities  :i* unite !m ) ! pa/ z a  
race oppos$ to _! ,engli%  neighb\rs1   
?is desire to surr\nd !mselves ) a sort 
( ,*9ese  wall1 in/ead ( lett+ 8! dead  
pa/ bury its dead10 is n ! "p  ( true   
patriotism4  ,=1 by bl9dly adh]+ to su* 
a /ation>y  policy1 !y w ev5tually1 z a 
di/9ct nation1 be subm]g$ by !  tide (  
progress1 in/ead ( float+ on its        
surface1 & exi/ ab\t z  mu* 9 reality z 
_! fabl$ ,l[l& ,hundr$4  ,9 ev]y?+ b    
political sect>ianism1 & ?is only       
because !y are mov$ to x by  political  
agitators1 ! ,wel% are 9 fact a mo/     
cons]vative nation4    ,?is primitive   
condition ( ! ,wel%1 h[ev]1 is n s+ul>4 
,x has  exi/$1 & exi/s ev5 n[1 9 v>i\s  
p>ts ( ! _w4  ,z an  in/ance ) :i* we h 
lately be5 made acqua9t$1 x may be      
m5tion$1 t ,wallace has f\nd1 9 "s ( !  
isl&s ( ! ,malay  ,ar*ipelago1 sev]al   
communities :i* h no int]c\rse ) ! _w   

at l>ge1 lead+ an indu/ri\s1 peaceful1  
moral life2 committ+ little  or no      
crime2 8%[+ ! "w ( ! law writt5 9 _!    
he>ts20 & a  patt]n to _m ( !           
inhabitants ( s call$ ,*ri/ian &        
civiliz$  c\ntries4  ,:5 we contemplate 
su* beautiful simplicity & purity (     
life1 we mu/ admit t ^! p 8are n f> f ! 
k+dom (  ,god20 & "o is tempt$ to d\bt  
:e!r civilization ) its extremes  (     
weal? & de/itution1 ref9em5t & b>b>ism1 
culture &  ignorance1 integrity & crime1
 sa9tl9ess & pr(anity1 is !  bless+ t x 
is commonly held to be4  ,b yet if we   
comp>e !  end[m5ts ( mank9d ) ^? ( ! m  
intellig5t brutes1 we f9d  t man has a  
capacity = be+ educat$ into a high] be+ 
9  proportion z ! race /ores up k1 a p[]
 :i* op5s ! va/  treasury ( nature2     
:]eas ! mo/ intellig5t ( ! brutes are b 
slightly educable1 & !re=e /ation>y4    
,:ile man1 h[ev]1 is  gift$ ) ?is imm5se
 sup]iority1 he does n always turn x to 
!  greate/ advantage4  ,"s nations are  
rapidly advanc+2 "s1 hav+  advanc$ 9 "t 

pa/ up to a c]ta9 po9t1 h ei!r long ago 
halt$1  or h gone back to b>b>ism or    
worse4  ,( ^! ?ree t5d5cies1 !  "o      
/rongly manife/$ by ! ,wel% is halt+4   
,:at =ces !re are  urg+ !m =w>d are     
almo/ entirely f a =eign s\rce2 & !     
fact t su* influ5ces are op]at+ ^u !m   
is1 by _m ( _!  numb]1 reg>d$ z a       
mis=tune1 by few z a bless+4  ,pa9ful1  
h[ev]1 z x mu/ be to ,wel% patriotism1 &
 high-wr\ght s5tim5t1  yet x is n to be 
d\bt$ t ! g5ius ( ,wales is rec$+ be=e  
t ( ,engl&1 z is s cle>ly evid5t to ^?  
:o dwell on !  bord] l&1 :]e ! two rival
 p[]s are br\ght face to face4  ,&  n[  
:at ,i wi% my c\ntry-p p>ticul>ly to    
und]/& is1 t z  long z !y adopt a policy
 ( /agnation1 ,cambria is sure to be    
wor/$  9 ! conflict = di/9ctive exi/5ce2
 because su* is ! law (  evolution1 a   
law :i* p]vades all nature2 & to ?is law
 ,i w\ld n[  draw y\r att5tion4    ,:at 
is call$ evolution or developm5t 9      
nature is a proc$ure f  simplicity to   
complexity ( /ructure4  ,! m elaborate &

 special an  organ is1 ! high] is !     
function :i* x has to p]=m4  ,to select 
an illu/ration f ! animal k+dom3 among !
 l[e/ k9d ( animals  call$ ! hydra !re  
is no di/9ction ( p>ts su* z se5 9 !    
human body2 no nutritive1 muscul>1 &    
n]v\s sy/em2 no s5ses1 no  bra94  ,ea*  
portion ( !m be+ complete 9 itself1 ^!  
animals c  be propagat$ by simply cutt+ 
!m into bits4  ,ea* "p is indep5d5t  ( e
 o!r "p2 z if 9 ?is c\ntry we _h local  
gov]nm5t1 b  no c5tral gov]nm5t4  ,!    
:ole is a m$ley 9 :i* !re is no         
division ( lab\r & ( responsibility1 no 
int]dep5d5ce4    ,h[ diff]5t ! case 9   
man's elevat$ & complex nature6  ,& h[ c
  ,i express ?is m =cibly1 or 9 a way   
bett] adapt$ = convey+ to  y ! pr9ciple 
"h held 9 view1 ?an 9 ^! words ( ,/4    
,paul3--8,!re are _m memb]s1 yet b "o   
body4  ,& ! eye _c say  unto ! h&1 ,i h 
no ne$ ( !e2 nor aga9 ! head to ! feet1 
,i  h no ne$ ( y40  ,! pr9ciple "h      
enunciat$ is t ( unity 9  v>iety4  8,!  
body is "o1 & ha? _m memb]s2 & all !    

memb]s (  ! body1 ?\gh !y be _m1 are "o 
body40    ,! *apt] f :i* ^! passages are
 tak5 dem&s y\r special  notice1 9 ord] 
t y may see h[ fully ! ,apo/le's m9d 0  
possess$ ) ! law ( unity 9 v>iety--_m   
memb]s1 yet b "o  body2 & toge!r ) !    
sequel to x1 ! ,new ,te/am5t song (     
love1  %\ld deeply impress ^u our he>ts 
! all important tru? convey$ 9  ! words1
 8,n[ ye are ! body ( ,*ri/1 & sev]ally 
memb]s  !re(40  ,!re w be div]sities 9 !
 ,*ur*1 !re _c be  uni=mity1 b !re mu/  
be unity4  8,= z x is not$ by "o ( !    
fa!rs10 says ,bacon1 8,*ri/'s coat1     
inde$1 _h no seam1 b !  ,*ur*'s ve/ure 0
 ( div]s col\rs2 :]eupon he sai?1 #8,9  
ve/e  v>ietas sit1 scissura non sit4'0  
,!re 0 a "t1 ev5 9 ! memory ( liv+ m51  
:5 ,wel% h\seholds  _h little ne$ ( aid 
f comm]ce1 :5 almo/ e k9d ( food 0  home
 gr[n1 & almo/ e article ( clo?+ home   
spun & home made4  ,"s lam5t t ?is is n 
/ill ! case4  ,let ^!1 h[ev]1 console   
!mselves ) ! k t z mank9d progress1 !y  
are made1 by  division ( lab\r1 to      

become m dep5d5t on ea* o!r1 & t  p]=ce 
! law ( love1 ( mutual b5efic5ce1 is be+
 propagat$ 9  ! _w1 n only by ! ,*ri/ian
 m9i/ry1 b by ! ag5cy (  comm]cial1     
sci5tific1 & lit]>y progress4  ,n only !
 inhabitants  ( ! same l&1 b ! v>i\s    
nations ( ! e>? are m & m  com+ to ?is1 
t !y c less & less d )\t ea* o!r's      
co-op]ation4    ,an e>ly /age ( society1
 l t ( animal developm5t1 is a m$ley4   
,x is made up ( families or tribes1 ea* 
( :i* has its own sep>ate  organization2
 & ! t5d5cy is1 :]e selfi%ness & a      
cont5ti\s  _s pr$om9ate1 to split up    
into fragm5ts2 :]eas1 on ! o!r  h&1 :]e 
! dome/ic virtues are highly advanc$1 & 
!re is a  g5]al disposition to s9k      
private int]e/ 9 public good1 m5 w  cl+ 
toge!r1 ?us =m+ l>g] communities1       
ex]cis+ m advanc$  functions1 &         
ev5tually absorb ^? weak] tribes :i* h n
  acquir$ ^! virtues2 t is1 h n realiz$1
 to ! same ext5t1  ! pr9ciple ( _m      
memb]s 9 "o body4    ,x is *>act]i/ic ( 
! human m9d1 9 its fir/ attempts to     

pi]ce  ! mi/s ( ignorance & my/]y1 to   
embrace1 9 "o view1 ! :ole  realm ( k1 &
 necess>ily to suppose t x is mu* m     
limit$ ?an x is4  ,! a/rolog]s ( old    
little dream$ t !  />s1 :i* 7 ! objects 
( _! sup]/itions contemplation1 7  b a  
small portion ( ! illimitable univ]se ( 
worlds4  ,we see at  fir/ ( any subject 
:i* we /udy b ab\t z mu* z we see ( !   
/>s )\t ! aid ( ! telescope1 or ( m9ute 
objects ne> at h&  )\t ! aid ( !        
microscope4  ,! realm ( k enl>ges 9     
proportion z we intimately explore x4   
,! m we discov]  di/9ctions1 :i* h be5  
ov]look$ by previ\s obs]v]s1 or !  m we 
diff]5tiate1 & at ! same "t assign !    
diff]5ces _!  "r place 9 ! class1 !     
unity to :i* !y belong1 ! m we  advance 
t bran* ( inve/igation t[>ds :i* our    
ef=ts are  turn$4  ,9 ! infancy ( k1    
sci5ce1 poetry1 hi/ory1 politics1       
!ology1 =m "o m$ley1 l ! hydra 9 !      
animal _w4  ,py?agoras1 because he      
possess$ insuffici5t p[]s ( ab/raction1 
c\ld n keep ma!matics ap>t f            

metaphysics1 !ology1 &  /hetics4  ,&    
,x5ophanes mu/ ne$s1 9 ! philosophical &
  !ological travail ( 8 s\l1 give       
expression to 8 ideas 9 fl[+  hexamet]s4
  ,! e>ly ballads 7 n simply ! m9/relsy1
 b !  only *ronicles ( ! p]iod4  ,out ( 
! m$ley /ate1 :i* has n[  be5 describ$1 
! sci5ces file 9 ! ord] ( _! simplicity1
  g5]ality1 & remot5ess f religi\s1     
poetic1 & political emotion4    ,!      
developm5t ( k & ( civilization1 !re=e1 
l t (  ! animal k+dom1 is comm5surate ) 
! degree 9 :i* lab\r is  divid$1 :ile   
p]fect unity is reta9$4  8,n[ ha? ,god  
set ! memb]s  e "o ( !m 9 ! body1 z x   
ha? pleas$ ,him4  ,& if !y 7  all "o    
memb]1 :]e 7 ! body80 7:]e 7 !          
multiplicity 9 !  unity87  8,b n[ are !y
 _m memb]s1 yet b "o body40  ,z a  /rik+
 in/ance ( ! mann] 9 :i* civilization is
 effect$ by ?is  law ,guizot tells u t x
 is m advanc$ 9 mod]n ?an 9 anci5t      
times1 because x is m complex4  ,9      
anci5t civilization1 !re 0 no  c\ntry   
population exi/+ z a class di/9ct f t ( 

! t[ns1  & ex]cis+ a p[] peculi> to     
itself4  ,by means ( ! feudal  sy/em1   
h[ev]1 ! c\ntry population has assum$ a 
di/9ct "*  9 mod]n times1 & x wields an 
influ5ce :i* greatly modifies !  p[] ( !
 great popul\s c5tres4  ,"h we h ano!r  
in/ance (  diff]5tiation out ( a prior  
m$ley /ate1 su* z exi/$ 9 !             
civilization ( ,greece & ( ,rome4    ,s 
mu* *iefly = ! doctr9e ( diff]5tiation2 
n[ m  p>ticul>ly = t ( unity4  ,let u   
nev] =get t ,god has  fa%ion$ ! body 9  
su* a p]fect mann] t !re %\ld be no     
s*ism among ! diff]5t memb]s1 b t !re   
%\ld be 8! same  c>e "o = ano!r40  ,?us 
x is f\nd to be ?r\gh\t ! region (      
animal life4  ,!re is1 at fir/1 no      
v>iety 9 ! unity4  ,z animals  asc5d 9 !
 scale ( be+1 v>iety em]ges2 organs hav+
 special  functions to p]=m are divid$  
(f f ! /ructureless g]m9al  matt]2 b !  
on5ess ( ! liv+ be+ is p]fectly pres]v$2
 !re  is no s*ism among ! v>i\s p>ts ( !
 body to :i* a special  sph]e ( lab\r is
 allott$4  ,n[ ?is is j :at ought to be 

!  case ) ! great social body4  ,if x   
advances f "o /age to a  high]1 x mu/ be
 by division ( lab\r comb9$ ) ! union ( 
love4  ,x is by division ( lab\r t m5   
acquire t skill & excell5ce 9  ! arts1 t
 great] accuracy & ext5t ( k 9 g5]al :i*
  enables !m to surpass _! =efa!rs4  ,b 
"h we ent] ! sph]e  ( w & ( moral       
obligation1 *oice1 & duty2 & in/ead (   
witness+ t h>moni\s action ( _m p>ts    
exhibit$ by !  involunt>y regions (     
organic life1 we witness all ^? evils   
:i*1 if  !y d n h ! effect ( awak5+ a   
nation to ! error ( its  ways1 ev5tually
 lead to an>*y & decay4  ,:at1 h[ev]1 we
 mo/ly  behold 9 civiliz$ communities   
is1 t :ile "s are 9 a highly  advanc$   
/ate1 ! majority =m an appall+          
m$iocrity1 :ile too _m  are b paup]s &  
crim9als4  ,yea1 ! social body is se5 to
 h _m  weak1 _m diseas$ p>ts2 & is (t51 
?r\gh /rife & diss5sion1  ?reat5$ )     
dismemb]m5t4  ,^! are ! great trials :i*
  civilization has to enc\nt]2 & amid/  
great physical progress1  notably amid/ 

& weal?y magnific5ce1 !re may be mu*    
rott5ness at  ! base4    ,s9ce          
communities z !y advance become m divid$
 into memb]s hav+  special (fices to    
p]=m1 !re is1 :]e ! high] emotions1 !   
s\rce ( union1 are n 9 ! asc5dant1 a    
t5d5cy to an isolation (  ! p>ts1 to    
"o-sid$ness1 to a want ( 8! same c>e "o 
=  ano!r10 to ^? gross inequalities1 ^? 
frightful extremes :i* too  (t5 reflect 
su* discr$it ^u our l>ge t[ns & cities2 
social  disord]s :i* x is ! prov9ce ( ! 
,*ur* to c\nt]act1 lay+ a  heavy weight 
( responsibility ^u h]1 z well z ^u !   
,/ate2 &  :i* are f\nd to exi/ to a f>  
less ext5t among a ,*ri/ian &  primitive
 p l ! ,wel%4    ,! l[] animals exhibit 
a well-regulat$ con/itution4  ,!y fulfil
 !  purpose ( _! be+2 !re is no s*ism   
among _! memb]s4  8,if we  saw ! lion10 
says ,george ,combe1 8"o day te>+ 9     
pieces e animal  t cross$ 8 pa?1 & !n   
oppress$ ) remorse = ! dea? (  8        
victims1 or compassionately heal+ ^? :om
 he _h mangl$1 we  %\ld exclaim1 :at an 

inconsi/5t creature1 & conclude t he    
c\ld  n by any possibility be happy1 on 
acc\nt ( ?is opposition betwe51  !      
pr9ciples ( 8 nature40  ,n[ ?is is j !  
opposition :i*  de=ms human nature4  8,!
 fle% lu/e? aga9/ ! _s1 & !  _s aga9/ ! 
fle%1 & ^! are contr>y ! "o to ! o!r1 s 
t ye _c d ! ?+s t ye w\ld40  ,h[ is ?is 
int]nal  discord to be quell$ b by !    
inn] man hav+ ! ma/]y ov] !  inf]ior    
prop5sities ( our nature8  ,z long z ^! 
latt] are n  br\ght "u ! :olesome       
re/ra9ts ( ! ,gospel1 ! ,ma/]'s easy    
yoke1 ! tru? :i* makes u free f c>nal   
bondage2 z long z !  rag+ waves ( animal
 passion he> n ! voice ( ,him :o says1  
8,peace1 be /ill10 9 va9 %all we look = 
^? social & political  virtues :i*      
con/itute ! /ability ( a /ate2 & :i*1   
!re=e1  s9ce self-pres]vation is ! fir/ 
law ( nature1 x %\ld be a prime  duty ( 
! ,/ate to promote4  ,)\t vital         
,*ri/ianity1 )\t a  l>ge numb] on ! side
 ( ,god1 & =m+ ! salt ( ! e>?1 we  mu/  
expect no?+ b g5]al corruption &        

d[nfall4  ,we may pride  ourselves ^u   
our railways1 our /eam navigation1 our  
electric  telegraphs1 & all ! re/ ( our 
me*anical wond]s2 we may pride          
ourselves ^u our imm5se res\rces1 our   
dome/ic com=ts1 our  sci5tific & lit]>y 
atta9m5ts1 our pr(ici5cy 9 ! f9e arts2  
b if ! consci5ce ( ! nation be n        
adequately develop$ by a  dev\t &       
enlight5$ contemplation ( ,god's holy w1
 ! social body  w be con/antly rem9d+ u1
 by its fev]i% re/lessness & by its     
t]rible sores1 t x is n nicely compact$ 
toge!r--t 8:]e "o  memb] suff]s1 all !  
memb]s d n suff] ) x10 t we h n  paid   
suffici5t he$ to 8! "o ?+ ne$ful20 & t  
we are1 9  consequ5ce1 reap+1 by way (  
w>n+1 disquiet+ & pa9ful  intimations t 
?\gh our progress is rapid1 ! rails on  
:i* we run  are al>m+ly insecure4    ,n[
 among ! ,wel% p ! elem5ts ( /ability1 (
 unity1 are  /rong1 b ^? ( progress or  
diff]5tiation are weak4  ,!n z  reg>ds !
 p's social condition 9 g5]al1 x        
exhibits few (  ^? di%e>t5+ extremes :i*

 are s (t5 to be met ) 9 our  l>ge t[ns1
 b pres5ts1 ) slight deviations1 a g5]al
 level (  mod]ate elevation4    ,9 m    
civiliz$ communities1 & notably 9 "o (  
!m1 :ile !  elem5ts ( physical &        
intellectual advancem5t are 9 a /ate (  
vigor\s exi/5ce1 social virtue &        
political /ability are 9 a v            
unsatisfactory condition inde$4  ,!re   
are _m memb]s1 b !y h  n arriv$ at t    
/age ( p]fection 9 :i* !y con/itute "o  
body4  ,let u hope1 h[ev]1 t z *aos     
prec$$ cosmos1 s x  w be ) !m4  ,!n z   
respects ! v>i\s /ages ( developm5t  :i*
 exi/ side by side1 !y pres5t all !     
inequalities ( a m\nta9  region--       
,a savage horde amid ! civiliz$2        
,a s]vile b& among ! lordly free4    ,n[
 ^! two requirem5ts1 v>iety & unity1 :5 
y g h5ce to  proclaim ! ,gospel1 x w be 
mo/ important t y %\ld promote4  ,!     
8unity ( ! ,_s 9 ! bond ( peace0 w1     
d\btless1 be to y  a prime object (     
cultivation4  ,b w y n also ex]t        
y\rselves to  k9dle 9 ! bosom ( y\r     

c\ntry-p t _s ( progress :i*  results f 
always add+ new tru?s to ^? ( ! pa/2 & f
  cont9ually realiz+ m & m ! tru?1      
beauty1 purity1 &  gr&eur ( ! indwell+  
,^w ( ,god1 namely1 8,8 ,^w abid+ 9  y10
 t is1 9 ! *ildr5 ( light1 ! only m$ium 
?r\gh :i*  revelation1 z di/+ui%$ f !   
m]e outw>d signs :i* alone c  exi/ 9 !  
,book1 is kept1 by ! ,holy ,_s1 a liv+  
sav+ p[] on  e>?4          ,,ii4        
8,,! _w is mov+ on2 ! nation :i* /&s    
/ill mu/ be left  beh9d4  ,no p c n[    
live ^u its remembrances4  ,l ! runn]s  
9 ! anci5t games1 ! nation :i* surr5d]s 
its tor* to ano!r1  n only loses ! race1
 b loses ! light4  ,! :ole di/9ction (  
,engli% intellect has aris5 f its       
cont9ually look+ =w>d1  =gett+ ! pa/1 & 
cont9ually anticipat+ a new day ( toils 
&  ( triumphs1 ( sev]] /raggles1 b (    
l(ti] spl5d\rs40  ,!  di/9ction "h po9t$
 out by ,dr4 ,croly1 9 an essay entitl$1
 8,!  ,cultivation ( ! ,intellect1 a    
,div9e ,duty ( ,man10 does n exi/ to    
any ext5t among ! great body ( ! ,wel%  

p1 _m ( :om atta*  b slight importance  
to ! acquisition ( k2 because1  possess+
 b little ( x !mselves1 !y are naturally
 dispos$ to  reg>d x z a matt] ( m]e    
tempor>y conc]n4  ,ev5 ! majority (  _! 
religi\s tea*]s hav+1 till ( late ye>s1 
no k ( any  books b ! ,wel% & ! ,engli% 
v]sions ( ! ,bible1 ,mat!w  ,h5ry's     
,comm5t>y1 & n _m m1 tacitly1 if n      
op5ly1  enc\rag$ ?is t5d5cy4  ,= un9=m$ 
m9ds are prone to disp>age  intellectual
 atta9m5ts1 & to int]pret ! ,holy       
,scriptures1 s z to  f9d !re9 abundant  
confirmation ( _! primitive conceptions4
  ,yes1  ev5 9 our own ,*ur*1 :i* did   
make "s pret5sions to le>n+1 0  to be   
f\nd1 n fifty ye>s ago1 too _m a p>i%   
prie/ )\t a  libr>y1 too _m a ,trullib] 
=getful ( ! high responsibility ( 8     
sacr$ call+4    ,b is famili>ity ) aught
 b ! ,bible--) philosophy1 sci5ce1      
hi/ory1 & /hetics--ev5 remotely compris$
 9 ! good "p :i*  %all n be tak5 away f 
u :5 we g h5ce = ev]8  ,yea1 is n  su* k
 8! wisdom ( ! _w1 :i* is fooli%ness )  

,god80  & is x n writt5 t 8n _m wise    
aft] ! fle% are call$80  ,^! que/ions1  
,i am /rongly impress$1 indicate ! tone 
( too mu*  ( ! prea*+ 9 ,wales4  ,b we  
ne$ n hesitate to reply t1  ?\gh ! k (  
evil & ( sci5ce falsely s call$ is to be
  avoid$ z mo/ p]nici\s to ! s\l1 ! k ( 
good1 9 all its  be>+s1 _c be too       
dilig5tly s\ght4  ,he :o kn[s no?+ b !  
,bible1 z ,mat!w ,arnold rem9ds u1 kn[s 
b little ( ! ,bible4  ,inde$ ! k ( good1
 yea1 & tak5 9 ! wide/ s5se1 _c  be     
?\ght ( slight value & ( transi5t       
importance1 )\t  irrev]5ce t[>ds ,him ( 
^: exi/5ce1 intellig5ce1 p[]1 &         
goodness1 x is ! great expon5t4    ,t ! 
passion ( acquir+ a k ( ,god's works &  
ways 9  g5]al 0 /rong 9 ,solomon1 we _c 
d\bt4  ,he1 inde$1 tells u  t 9 !       
exclusive pursuit ( intellectual tru?   
!re is no real  satisfaction to be ga9$1
 8t a man _c f9d out ! "w t is  done "u 
! sun 4 4 4 yea1 ?\gh a wise man ?9k to 
"k x1 yet  %all he n be able to f9d x40 
,all passionate seek]s aft]  undiscov]$ 

tru? "k t mu* m5tal toil1 & probably    
ye>s (  we>isome wat*+1 are dem&$ be=e  
any "o c hope to snat* a new  secret f !
 close keep+ ( ! unkn[n4  ,?is mu/ be   
humiliat+  to ! man ( sangu9e temp]am5t1
 b pr(itably s1 because x  cultivates )9
 him a long+ = ! happy "t :5 8we %all "k
 z  also we are kn[n40    ,!n           
intellectual atta9m5ts1 ?\gh calculat$  
to satisfy ! wants (  ! p]ceptive &     
reason+ faculties1 _c /ill ! crav+s ( ! 
consci5ce1 _c meet ! dem&s ( ! moral &  
religi\s emotions4  ,^! c f9d 9 su* food
 only a /one :5 hung]+ = bread1 !  apple
 fair to ! eye1 b a%es "u ! tee?4  ,:5  
,solomon1  !re=e1 s\ght = full          
satisfaction ( s\l 9 ! ex]cise ( 8      
intellect1 & ! acquisition ( its relat$ 
k1 mean:ile  />v+ 8 moral & religi\s    
nature1 x 0 only to be expect$ t  su* a 
c\rse %\ld be f\nd to lead to 8vanity & 
vexation ( _s40    ,b :ile admitt+ to ! 
full ! humiliat+ limitations ( ! m9d    
:i* ,solomon deplores1 & t ! s\l _c live
 by intellectual  food only1 ev5 ?\gh x 

be conta9$ 9 ,god's own ,^w1 yet we     
fully  believe t x is man's duty1 z well
 z 8 privilege1 to seek =  tru? :]ev] to
 be f\nd2 & t he c s cultivate 8        
intellect1  & /ore 8 memory1 z to ensure
 !reby a great] ne>ness ( s\l to  8     
,fa!r 9 heav54    ,! op]ations ( !      
giant-intellect1 we "k1 are n acceptable
 to  ,god1 except !y are imbu$ ) t gl[ (
 s\l :i* con/itutes !  babe-l _s4  ,b h[
 c ! giant-intellect1 :5 ?us w$d$ to  ! 
love ( hol9ess1 bett] s]ve ,god ?an by  
ev] realiz+ m &  m ( ,8 div9e fulness z 
display$ 9 all 8 works & ways8          
,al?\gh we mu/ all[ t no "o is s l[ 9 ! 
scale ( intellectual  culture z to be   
out ( ! rea* ( t r$emption :i* is n     
conc$$ to le>n+ & tal5t1 b to newness ( 
he>t1 /ill we mu/  n =get t ! apo/le    
says1 8,bre?r51 be n *ildr5 9  und]/&+3 
h[beit 9 malice be ye *ildr52 b 9       
und]/&+ be  m540  ,let ! m5tal horizon (
 g5ius1 jo9$ to deepe/ piety1 /ret*  ev]
 s f> away1 x encircles b an            
insignificant portion ( t :i*  is op5 to

 ! glance ( ,omnisci5ce4  ,"u ! mo/     
fav\rable  circum/ances1 ! human m9d1   
:ile 9 ?is pres5t tab]nacle1 mu/  meet )
 _m problems :i* x 8_c "k n[1 b %all "k 
h]eaft]40  ,& n[ :at we w\ld ) mu* /ress
 insi/ ^u is1 9  opposition to an op9ion
 too preval5t 9 ?is "p ( ! k+dom1 t  !  
believ] :o has a m9d ( little grasp1    
scantily /or$ )  in=mation1 has n ! same
 comm& ( spiritual bless+s1 does n  live
 s fully ! ,*ri/ian life1 does n m\nt 9 
he>t & m9d s  ne> to ! ,r$eem]'s ?rone 9
 heav51 z ! believ] ^: m9d has  atta9$ a
 high degree ( culture1 & amass$ l>ge   
/ores ( k4  ,x mu/ be s1 = ! region (   
div9e tru? be+ b\ndless1 he :o is  ev]  
pu%+ fur!r into x1 & ev] /riv+ to embody
 its purity into  8 life & practice1 mu/
 be fur!r advanc$ ?an ! man :o simply   
loit]s ne> "s "o spot 9 ?is region1 z   
soon z he has ga9$  admittance into x4  
,& n[ is x compet5t = ! loit]]1 say =  !
 man ( "o tal5t & little en]gy1 to say  
to ! m gift$ &  dilig5t inquir]1 8,y\r  
lab\r is 9 va92 b "o ?+ is ne$ful2 &  t 

is simply to pass ov] ! bord]08    ,is  
?is view1 s di%e>t5+ to ! ,*ri/ian      
s*ol>1 9 accordance  ) ! tea*+ ( ! ,^w (
 ,god8  ,:at does ! mo/ le>n$ ( !       
apo/les tell u 9 reg>d to 8 own         
exp]i5ce8  8,bre?r51 ,i c\nt n  myself  
to h appreh5d$2 b "o ?+ ,i d1 =gett+ ^? 
?+s  :i* are beh9d1 & rea*+ =? unto ^?  
?+s :i* are be=e1  ,i press t[>d ! m>k =
 ! prize ( ! high call+ 9 ,*ri/         
,jesus40  ,n[ ?is is exactly true to !  
exp]i5ce1 n only ( !  ,*ri/ian ye>n+ =  
p]fect fre$om f s91 & a feel+ (         
complete incorporation ) ,*ri/1 b ( e "o
 :o longs to surpass  8 pa/ a*ievem5ts1 
f ,alex&] p9+ = m worlds to conqu]1  d[n
 to ! mis] :o ! ri*] he becomes ! poor] 
he feels4  ,?us  ! great poet1 arti/1 or
 musician1 is nev] q satisfi$ ) 8       
accompli%$ works1 b always feels h[ mu* 
bett] !y might be1 8  ev] gr[+          
fa/idi\sness urg+ him to cry out1       
,excelsior1  excelsior6  ,highly        
cultivat$ m9ds1 m especially if ( an    
imag9ative turn1 are nev] satisfi$ ) !  

real4  8,! ideal1 !  ideal10 is _! cry4 
,!y pu% on to lay hold ( x1 b x ev]     
rec$es be=e !m4  ,! ideal w always %9e  
f> 9 advance ( !  real4    ,?is long+ = 
! unatta9$1 :5 sanctifi$ by ! ,_s (     
,god1  w nev] p]mit ! on-press+ ,*ri/ian
 to feel t he has f9ally1  & )\t        
occasion = fur!r ef=t1 laid hold ( ! "o 
?+  ne$ful4  ,yea1 9 ! life to come !   
same feel+ w exi/1 = aft]  ages ( look+ 
into ! wond]s ( ,god's love1 wisdom1 &  
p[]1 !  language ( ! he>t /ill w be1 8,i
 c\nt n myself to h laid  hold ( ! div9e
 ideal40                                
99 99 99 99 99    ,x is record$ by ^? :o
 h s\ght ! conv]sion ( ! savage t  8    
capacity = receiv+ ,*ri/ian tru? is     
comm5tate only ) !  contract$ "* ( 8    
intellect1 & ! l[ range ( 8  atta9m5ts4 
,if he does become a ,*ri/ian1 x is only
 su* views ( !  ,gospel f9d an abode 9 8
 he>t z accord ) ! feeble m5tal p[]s    
:i* he possesses4  ,& n[ ,i w\ld ask1 is
 ?is degree ( tru? all  t is absolutely 
necess>y = salvation 9 e ease8  ,be+ b a

  *ild 9 intellect1 ! savage is n yet   
capable ( putt+ away  *ildi% ?+s4  ,b y 
may ?9k he c be educat$1 & be ?us       
br\ght into a /ate ( m9d 9 :i* ! se$ ( !
 ,^w may gr[ )  less /9t4  ,b !n x is   
f\nd t 8 capacity = education1 except  9
 r>e in/ances inde$1 is v slight4  ,s   
aga9 ,i ask1 aft] an  attempt has be5   
made to enl>ge 8 m9d1 is t measure (    
,*ri/ianity :i* he is capable ( realiz+ 
all t is absolutely  necess>y 9 e case8 
,i take x = grant$ t y\r answ] to ?is   
"q is 9 ! negative4  ,d y n believe t   
besides !  education ( individuals1 !re 
is1 z ! result ( ?is1 ! education  ( !  
race2 t z ! s9s ( ! fa!rs desc5d unto ! 
?ird &  f\r? g5]ation ( !m :o cont9ue to
 hate ,god1 ! puni%m5t =  violation (   
law increas+ 9 int5sity till ! guilty   
race dies out2  s ,god's m]cies 9 ! %ape
 ( increas+ aptitude = k1  ref9em5t1 &  
,*ri/ian elevation1 are transmitt$ f    
g5]ation to  g5]ation among ^? :o       
/$fa/ly love ! ,"l8  ,at all ev5ts1     
savage tribes :5 br\ght "u ! influ5ce ( 

civiliz$ nations1  in/ead ( becom+      
civiliz$ !mselves1 disappe> f (f ! face 
(  ! e>?4  ,= z ! w9d :i* makes ! l>g]  
flame burn m  brightly1 ext+ui%es !     
less] & feebl] flame1 s ! mann]s &      
cu/oms ( advanc$ life put ^u savage     
nature a /ra9 too heavy to be  borne2 & 
?is because su* a nature ne$s to und]go 
t gradual  elevation ( ! race :i* x w\ld
 take g5]ations to accompli%4    ,:at is
 ! drift ( ^! rem>ks8  ,t ! m ! m9d is  
develop$1  bo? intellectually &         
emotionally1 ! great] becomes its p[] ( 
realiz+ ! k ( good1 & !re=e ( glorify+  
,god--!  ,good4    ,:5 a gift$ man /ores
 8 m9d ) tru?1 & at ! same "t  /rives 8 
utmo/ to atta9 purity ( he>t1 8 ,*ri/ian
 exp]i5ce  mu/ ne$s be wid5$1 & 8 :ole  
s\l elevat$1 9 proportion to !  numb] ( 
di/9ct k9ds ( tru? :i* comb9e ) ea* o!r1
 & )  ! rul+ passion ( 8 life1 to =m "o 
gr& result1 _m sy/ems (  tru? all ?read$
 on t "o cord1 8! love ( ,*ri/          
con/ra9+20  mu* diff]5tiation1 b p]fect 
unity2 _m memb]s1 yet b "o body2  9     

%ort1 a /ate ( m9d simil> 9 k9d to !    
,son ( ,man's4  ,= is  !re any?+ 9 !    
:ole range ( ! sci5ces1 physical1       
biological1  political1 social1 & moral2
 any?+ connect$ ) ! !ory & !  practice (
 art2 any?+ relat+ to ! hi/ory ( ! pa/1 
ev5  et]nity ab ante2 9 %ort1 is !re    
any?+ :i* is n p]fectly  op5 to ! m9d ( 
,jesus8  ,& is ,he n our eld] ,bro!r1 & 
div9e ,patt]n 9 all ?+s heav5ly8  ,is n 
! realization1 9 s  f> z t privilege is 
ext5d$ to u ( ,8 m9d1 to be ! gr&       
object ( our life "h & = ev]more8    ,to
 be possess$ ( tal5ts & ( facilities =  
obta9+ = !m !  highe/ cultivation1 :at d
 ^! gifts involve8  ,t !y %\ld be       
dilig5tly us$ 9 promot+ ! glory ( ,god  
:o gave !m4  ,c !  savage m9d "k mu* (  
,god8  ,c he :o kn[s no m ( ! inf9ite   
ocean ( tru? ?an he has explor$ ( x1 s  
to speak1 9 8 rude  canoe1 "k z mu* z is
 really ess5tial = y & = me ( !  r$eem+ 
love ( ,*ri/8  ,! true answ] to ?is "q  
evid5tly is1  t 9 a babe's m9d y c      
expect no m to exi/ ?an a babe's  k2 x  

has 8ne$ ( milk1 & n ( /rong meat20 b   
8unto  :omsoev] mu* is giv51 ( him %all 
mu* be requir$40    ,! ,*ri/ian life !n 
is n a fix$ quantity1 ! same 9 ! *ild1  
! savage1 ! b>b>ian1 & ! ,wel% peasant1 
z 9 ! sa9tly  s*ol>s ( ! ,*ri/ian ,*ur*2
 b answ]+ to e advance 9 pure  k1 !re   
is1 9 ! man aft] ,god's own he>t1 a     
correspond+  advance 9 moral & spiritual
 excell5ce4  ,= emotions are manife/$   
only 9 proportion z ideas =m ! bran*es  
r\nd :i* emotions tw9e4  ,no well-def9$ 
emotion c exi/ )\t its relat$ ideas4    
,true1 ideas  are c\ntless1 :ile        
emotions are comp>atively few1 & f age  
to age  reta9 _! id5tity & fre%ness1    
:ile ideas *ange & *ange4  ,/ill1 h[ev]1
 emotion mu/ ent] into union ) ideas 9  
ord] to h  any def9ite exi/5ce4  ,! m1  
!re=e1 ! intellect is /or$  ) k1 !      
great] also mu/ be ! numb] ( in/ances 9 
:i*  ideas & s5tim5ts become associat$  
toge!r4    ,b :at is ( m importance /ill
 to consid] is1 t c]ta9 ideas  c only   
exi/ :5 o!r ideas h be5 fully realiz$   

fir/4  ,!  =m] gr[ out ( ! latt] z bran*
 f trunk1 & twig f bran*4  ,c]ta9 tw9+s 
( feel+ ) ?\ght mu/ foll[1 !re=e1 !     
evolution ( ^! v>i\s grades ( ideas4    
,n[ ! notions 9 !  savage m9d are ( !   
l[e/ grade1 & re/ assur$ t 8 religi\s   
feel+s1 h[ev] w>mly manife/$1 _c rea*   
beyond ! level ( 8  k4    ,n[ x mu/ be  
almo/ sup]flu\s to ask ! "q :i* ^!      
rem>ks  sugge/4  ,are all ! ?\ghts &    
feel+s :i* hold a high] elevation  ?an !
 l[e/1 to be deem$1 n z ! necess>ies1 b 
! luxuries  ( religion8  ,y _c fail to  
p]ceive t ! reply to ?is inquiry  mu/   
dep5d on ! level y h be5 made to occupy4
  ,if y h be5  plac$ 9 a high position  
to />t f1 & if e advantage 9 !  way (   
m5tal culture has be5 ext5d$ to y1 ! "o 
?+ ne$ful =  y is cle>ly to pu% on      
high]1 to enl>ge ! intellect by se>*+   
/ill fur!r = ! true1 :i* to ! he>t is ! 
good & !  beautiful2 & to enl>ge ! he>t 
by cultivat+ = ^! latt]1 an  ev]gr[+    
love4  ,moreov]1 are y n ju/ifi$ 9      
believ+1 t if  y d ?is1 y w be *oos+ t  

good "p :i* %all n be tak5  away f y :5 
y die8  ,= if we are n to =get 9 heav5 t
  we 7 once on e>?2 if we are n to lose 
! feel+ ( id5tity  :i* is to unite our  
heav5ly ) our e>?ly exi/5ce1 :y %\ld x  
be ?\ght incr$ible t ! k ( good :i* we  
acquire bel[  %\ld n be "o ( ! l9ks 9 t 
*a9 ( id5tity2 m especially  z x w be   
our supreme delight to be always ext5d+ 
su* k  9 ! realms ( light8  ,yea1 :at a 
s\rce ( joy x w be 9 !  bright _s-l& to 
discov] t our m5tal p[]s are z comp>$  )
 _! prior /ate1 s mu* enl>g$ & /r5g!n$1 
t we c  acquire k ) s mu* m ease &      
precision ?an :ile on  e>?1 & t que/ions
 :i* baffl$ solution !n1 are easily     
solv$  n[4  ,b does n ?is imply t !     
remembrance ( ! e>?ly life1  ) its      
trials1 mis]ies1 infirmities1           
ignorances1 & d\bts1 is !  d>k surface1 
:i* by contra/1 height5s ! spl5d\r (    
cele/ial  bliss8    ,ev5 9 heav51 !n1 k 
w be progressively acquir$4  8,no  "o10 
writes ,dr4 ,m#8,leod1 8surely imag9es1 
t on ent]+ heav51 we  c at once obta9   

p]fect k2 p]fect1 ,i mean1 n 9 ! s5se  (
 accuracy1 b ( fully possess+ all t c be
 kn[n4  ,?is is  possible = ,deity only4
  ,= x may be ass]t$ ) confid5ce t      
,gabriel kn[s m to-day ?an he knew      
ye/]day40 #bc    ,?r\gh\t ^! rem>ks1 x  
has be5 suppos$ t ! s*ol>'s piety  is   
great2 = )\t piety1 h[ev] ext5sive 8    
le>n+1 he w h  less insight into div9e  
tru? ?an ! dulle/ ( ,god's own s*ol>s4  
,tru? also impels u to conc$e t ! good  
qualities ( ! he>t1 &  intellectual     
capacity1 are frequ5tly be/[$ 9 an      
inv]se proportion  ^u ,god's p2 s t _m t
 are fir/ 9 ! "o1 %all be la/  9 ! o!r1 
& ! la/ 9 ?is %all be fir/ 9 t4         
99 99 99 99 99    ,i h n[1 to ! be/ ( my
 endeav\r1 combat$ a too preval5t       
prop5sity1 n only ( my c\ntrym51 b ( mo/
 p ( little or no  education2 a sort (  
complac5t re/+ 9 ignorance1 z if x 7 !  
"p ( a wise man1 & mo/ 9 accordance ) ! 
tea*+ ( ,holy  ,scripture1 :]eas x is1 9
 fact1 b ! self-excus+ ,/oicism ( !     
unfl$g$ m9d4    ,b surely s9ce man is   

end[$ ) capacities = advancem5t 9  k &  
righte\sness1 we mu/ conclude t !y are  
be/[$ ^u  him ) ! int5tion t he %\ld use
 !m to ! greate/ advantage4  ,9 pro( (  
?is conclusion1 we f9d t ! nation :i*   
does n  highly e/eem ^! gifts mu/ be    
cont5t to give place to "o t does2  mu/1
 inde$1 decay1 :ile ! o!r goes on f     
/r5g? to /r5g?4    ,& n[ to apply ^!    
rem>ks m closely to y1 my y\ng] bre?r51 
:at does y\r pres5ce 9 ?is college      
imply8  ,t 9 ! e/imation (  ! wise/ &   
be/ m5 ( our communion1 an ignorant     
m9i/ry is an evil  to be avoid$1 z n    
only discr$itable & injuri\s to our     
,*ur*1 b  di%on\r+ to ,him :o gives u   
tal5ts 9 ord] t !y may be made  ! v mo/ 
( 9 promot+ ,8 glory & ,8 cause4        
,pond] well ov] ! fact1 t )\t k x w be  
impossible  = y to raise y\rselves to a 
high level4  8,! b>b>ian10 rem>ks  ,dr4 
,croly1 8_c br+ ! pa/ 9 aid ( ! pres5t1 
_c asc5d a  /ep 9 civilization on ! /one
 laid by ! g5]ation gone2 he has        
virtually no ance/ors1 & c h no po/]ity4

  ,! r$ man ( !  ,we/ is1 at ?is mom5t1 
! same solit>y1 fi]ce1 & mis]able be+  t
 he 0 a ?\s& ye>s ago4  ,! ,mongol is ! 
same wild1  m>aud+1 & mis]able be+ z :5 
he foll[$ ! trumpets (  ,tam]lane40 #bd 
,n[1 :at is ! reason t ^! p d n         
advance8  ,x is because !y d n beg9     
build+ ! fabric ( s\nd  k4  ,& d y n    
p]ceive t ! same defici5cy :i* keeps  !m
 d[n z a nation1 w also keep y d[n z    
individuals8  ,if1 among  ^! p1 "o      
g5]ation laid ! f\ndation1 & ano!r &    
ano!r  cont9ually built !reon1 !y w\ld  
rise 9 proportion 9 civilization  & p[]4
  ,! s*ol> ( to-day1 !re=e1 owes 8 high 
position to  ! accumulations ( !        
giant-intellects ( ! pa/4  8,o!r m5     
lab\r$1 & ye are ent]$ into _! lab\rs40 
,! mod]n s*ol> by  mod]ate ef=t1 ?\gh no
 giant1 /&s ^u an elevation :i* 0  pil$ 
up by "o g5]ation ( le>n]s & ?9k]s aft] 
ano!r )  sl[1 pa9/ak+1 & dis9t]e/$ toil4
  ,?is ri* h]itage (  k1 ?is gr& moral  
lev]age1 ?is high en]gy ( position1     
con/itut+ ! imp]ative reason = n 8break+

 ) ! pa/0--(  :i* ! pres5t is !         
outcome--x %\ld be y\r holy ambition to 
atta94  ,= h[ c y /ret* out a h& to pull
 o!rs up1 unless y  occupy high] gr\nd  
?an !y8  ,be> ) me !n :ile ,i tell y t  
unless y ?us /rive to fit y\rselves = ! 
on]\s duties ( !  sacr$ call+ :i* y hope
 to adopt1 y w be do+ no?+ t[>ds  av]t+ 
! d[nfall ( ,wel% nationality4  ,(      
c\rse1 y w meet  ) too _m :o w tell y t 
! only way to d ?is is to  enc\rage !   
pres5t fatal t5d5cy ( ,cambria to live  
solely on h]  remembrances4  ,mean:ile1 
h[ev]1 ! inv9cible army ( progress1 )  !
 tramp ( doom to effete nationalities1  
m>*es /eadily &  irresi/ibly on2 & !    
,wel%1 z a di/9ct race1 if n bett] l$ & 
advis$1 w1 by ! deadly error ( seek+ 8! 
liv+ among !  dead10 simply become a p (
 ! pa/4    ,x is my reg>d = my c\ntry t 
=ces me to say :at ,i d4  ,i hope  %e w 
always reta9 a c]ta9 degree (           
individuality1 & live to  emulate 9 h]  
own ,wel% way ! o!r great nations ( !   
k+dom4  ,! ,scot* d ?is1 :y %\ld n we8  

,hone/y1 h[ev]1 =ces me to  affirm t by 
cl++ unwisely to h] antiquat$ habits :5 
%e ought  to h out-gr[n !m1 ,cambria w  
be ?r[n d[n1 ! advanc+ ho/  w m>* ov] h]
 pro/rate =m1 & %e w cease to be a liv+ 
pres5ce on ! e>?4  8,9 ! /rife ( tribes1
 ( races1 & (  nations1 9 ! political z 
9 ! physical _w10 says ! au?or (  ,habit
 & ,intellig5ce1 8a process ( natural   
selection goes on1 (  :i* ! t5d5cy is to
 give ! victory to ! be/40 #be;a  ,&    
,bi%op  ,butl] #be;b =e%ad[$ ! same law 
:5 he indicat$ t z p[]  & reason unit$ h
 prov$ !mselves capable ( prevail+ ov]  
p[]  devoid ( reason1 z exhibit$ by !   
brute creation2 s !re is 9  society a   
t5d5cy 9 p[] comb9$ ) reason & virtue1  
to ov]come  oppos+ p[] comb9$ ) reason &
 vice2 & ,god be ?ank$ t x  is s1       
namely1 t ( ! righte\s x c be said1     
8,great] is ,he t  is 9 y ?an he t is 9 
! _w40  ,b n[ let me rem9d y t  9 su* a 
comb9ation z p[]1 reason1 & virtue1 "o v
 g5]ally  exi/+ among ! p ( ,wales1 !re 
are sev]al degrees (  developm5t1 & t ! 

high] degree1 ! m fully diff]5tiat$1  t 
:i* conta9s mo/ memb]s 9 "o body1 w1 :5 
br\ght into  competition ) x1 always1 9 
! c\rse ( "t be> d[n or absorb  ! l[]4  
,z /&>d-be>]s 9 ! army ( ! great        
,capta91 x w be y\r  duty1 !re=e1 bo? to
 ,god & y\r own p1 :ile enc\rag+ among  
! latt] t /ate ( firm =mation :i*       
already is s  *>act]i/ic ( !m1 to be    
urg5t also 9 call+ ^u !m to foll[  y1 z 
bravely y lead ! way onw>d1 upw>d1      
,god-w>d4                               
99 99 99 99 99    ,consid]able /ress has
 be5 laid 9 ?is disc\rse ^u t elem5t (  
! law ( unity & v>iety--division (      
lab\r4  ,n[1 9 conclud+1 ,i  w\ld beg to
 gu>d y aga9/ a misconception on ?is    
po9t :i* may  prove mis*iev\s to y4  ,9 
my college days1 x us$ to be a subject (
  compla9t ) _m ( ! m51 t !y %\ld h to  
sp5d s mu* (  _! "t 9 /udies1 :i*1 z !y 
?\ght1 _h no direct connexion  )        
!ological tra9+2 t is1 !y 7 e>ne/       
advocates =  great] division ( lab\r4   
,i h no d\bt !re are _m ( a simil>  way 

( ?9k+ among y n[4  ,b are y n aw>e t ^?
 :o h  climb$ to a high] elevation ?an !
 "o y h yet be5 able to  rea*1 see      
cle>ly t all ^! /udies are really       
necess>y to make (  y ord9>y s*ol>s1    
g5tlem51 & compet5t p>i% prie/s8        
,ar*bi%op ,:ately1 9 e>ly y\?1 ?reat5$  
to become a calculat+  prodigy2 & y may 
h read t _m an intellectual prodigy has 
be5  imbecile 9 e direction b ! "o 9 :i*
 excell5ce 0  manife/$4  ,well1         
,:ately's p>5ts1 in/ead ( be+ gratifi$  
at _!  son's passion = numb]s1 v wisely 
took al>m4  ,!y s\ght compet5t  advice1 
& means 7 tak5 to prev5t 8 m9d tak+ an  
abnormal  developm5t 9 "o direction1 at 
! exp5se ( its effici5cy 9 o!rs4  ,!    
result v probably 01 t we lo/ ano!r     
,colburn or ,bidd]1 b  ga9$ an ,ar*bi%op
 ,:ately4    ,! conclusion to be drawn f
 ! =ego+ acc\nt is evid5t4  ,x is  y\r  
duty1 if y w\ld be well in=m$1 av]age   
s*ol>s & ?9k]s1  to acquire m k9ds ( k  
?an "o1 & !reby to cultivate all  !     
intellectual faculties ( y\r m9d2       

rememb]+ t ! great] !  v>iety :i* !     
unity conta9s1 ! high] is its position 9
 ! scale  ( creat$ be+4  ,up to a c]ta9 
po9t1 !re=e1 we mu/ all try to  be      
univ]sal s*ol>s4  ,aft] ?is po9t has be5
 rea*$1 :at makes  division ( lab\r     
necess>y is ! va/ ext5t to :i* k has  n[
 atta9$1 mak+ x impossible = univ]sal   
s*ol>s l ,leibnitz  & ! admirable       
,cri*ton to exi/ 9 ^! days2 to :i* we   
mu/ add  ! limitations1 & ! v>iety ( b5t
 exi/+ 9 ! m9d ( m51 n  =gett+ !        
%ortness ( "t4  ,b !n :at individuals   
fail to  accompli% ! race c2 & we h to  
consid]1 9 ! p]fection (  unselfi%ness1 
t we are memb]s ( t "o body1 ! univ]sal 
man2  & t :at is done by ea* is done =  
all4  ,if individuals1  !re=e1 are      
compell$ by /]n necessity to /udy a few 
bran*es1 &  live 9 fai? z reg>ds ! re/1 
yet ! race1 man1 becomes !reby !        
univ]sal s*ol>1 a s\rce ( /r5g? &       
happ9ess :i* makes itself  felt ev5 d[n 
to ! remote/ memb] ( ! social body4     
,m especially1 d n neglect1 :ile        

cultivat+ ! intellect1 to  improve !    
he>t4  ,?is w\ld1 inde$1 be division (  
lab\r :i* is  v mu* to be deprecat$4    
8,) ! he>t man believe? unto            
righte\sness40  8,k puffe? up1 b love   
edifie?40  ,if k  is ! great mov+ p[] t 
ensures progress1 ,*ri/ian love1 love   
:i* fulfille? ! law1 is ! great s\rce ( 
political /ability1  social h>mony1     
re/oration ( s\l4  ,!re=e1 9 ! eloqu5t  
words (  ! ,bi%op ( ,/4 ,david's1 words 
:i* 9 connexion ) ! pres5t  subject well
 des]ve to be quot$1--8#8,,sursum       
,,corda1' ,,upw>d1  ,,he>ts1--upw>d1    
above all paltry1 sordid1 grovell+ aims 
& desires3  upw>d1 to a level ) !       
dignity ( y\r call+1 ! privileges &     
duties ( y\r /ation1 ! importance &     
ardu\sness ( y\r "w3  upw>d1 to a       
fell[%ip ) ! wise & good ( all ages &   
all  nations3 upw>d to ! ,fa!r (        
,lights1 ! ,f\nta9 ( all ,goodness3     
,,lift ,,up ,,y\r ,,he>ts4  ,& f ! inmo/
 dep? ( _m devot$ wills  !re rises !    
cle> response1 #8,,we ,,lift ,,!m ,,up  

,,unto ,,! ,,"l4'0 #bh    ,f9ally1 :y   
%\ld n ! lead+ spirits among y1 s]i\sly 
&  pray]fully /udy+ ! causes ( ! rise & 
fall ( nations1 b&  toge!r 9 a holy     
alliance1 "u ! title ( ,"y ,wales1 to   
promote  among y\r c\ntrym5 ! _s ( true 
z oppos$ to false patriotism2  namely1 a
 /rong passion = s\nd k ) its elevat+1  
build+ p[]1 z oppos$ to m]e erudition on
 ! "o h&1 & on !  o!r1 to a complac5t   
re/+ 9 ignorance ) its h]itage (        
national  decad5ce1 & slight /ore (     
light & s\l-culture laid by = heav58    
,su* a movem5t z ?is1 radiat+ f our *ief
 ,collegiate ,in/itution1  w\ld be an   
ev5t1 ! value ( :i* to ! cause ( ,wel%  
nationality1  x w\ld be difficult to    
e/imate 9 too high a /ra94              
99 99 99 99 99                          
99 99 99 99 99                          
,,spurrell1 ,,pr9t]1 ,,k+-,,/reet1      
,,c>m>!n4          ,,footnotes4      #d 
,s]mon deliv]$ on ! occasion ( lay+ !   
f\ndation /one (  ! ,wel% ,educational  
,in/itution4    #bc  ,p>i% ,pap]s1 p4   

#aji4    #bd  ,! ,cultivation ( !       
,intellect1 a ,div9e ,duty ( ,man4      
#be;a  ,vol4 ii4 p4 #ahi4    #be;b  ,!  
,analogy ( ,religion1 "p i41 *apt] iii4 
#bh  ,s]mon1 on ,s\nd ,le>n+1 deliv]$ on
 ! occasion ( lay+ !  f\ndation-/one ( !
 ,wel% ,educational ,in/itution4