,,?irty ,,lett]s ,,on ,,v>i\s ,,subjects4 ,,9 ,,two ,,volumes4 ,,vol4 ,i4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,london3 ,pr9t$ = ,t4 ,,cadell1 & ,t4 ,,evans1 9 ! ,/r&2 & ,b4 ,,?orn & ,,son1 9 ,,exet]4 ,,mdcclxxxiii4 ,,cont5ts ,,( ,,! ,,fir/ ,,volume4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,lett] ,,page ,i4 ,! ,=ce ( ,cu/om #a ,,ii4 ,on ,ri*es1 ,c>ds1 & ,duell+ #e ,,iii4 ,on ,languages #af ,,iv4 ,on judg+ by ! ,p]ceptions ( o!rs #bi ,v4 ,on ,pa9t+ #cb ,,vi4 ,on ,pa9t+ #ci ,,vii4 ,on tempor>y ,ta/e #df ,,viii4 ,on musical ,expression #di ,,ix4 ,on ! ,p>5!sis1 & ,anticipation #ef ,x4 ,on ,cat*es #fc ,,xi4 ,on ! ,engli% ,language #gh ,,xii4 ,on ,hom]'s ,scale ( ,h]oes #ia ,,xiii4 ,on ! diff]5t ,mann]s ( ,read+ #id ,,xiv4 ,on ,%akespe>e #ii ,,xv4 ,on ,writ+-h& #ajc ,,xvi4 ,on ! want ( accurate ,views #ajh ,,xvii4 ,on ! ,analogy ( ! ,arts #aad ,,xviii4 ,on bad ,association #abj ,,adv]tisem5t4 ,:e!r ^! are real lett]s1 or :e!r ! au?or *ose to ?r[ 8 obs]vations into ! epi/ol>y =m1 is a po9t ( no great consequ5ce4 ,! inv5tion ( a /ory to %ew h[ !y came into ! editor's h&s is by no means difficult4--,a p>cel ( pap]s rescu$ f ! trunk-mak] or pa/ry-cook1 has sav$ _m an au?or f p]i%+4 ,,c]vantes & ,,/]ne 7 n above su* %ifts2 b !y h s]v$ s (t51 t n[1 ev5 ! tru?1 ?o' )\t ! lea/ mixture ( ! m>vell\s1 passes = inv5tion4 ,%\ld ^! little volumes conta9 any new & useful obs]vations on m5 & ?+s1 x is a suffici5t reason = _! publication--if ! physic be :olesome1 x is no matt] "u :at =m x is adm9i/]$4 ,,lett]s4 ,,lett] ,i4 ,s9ce y reque/ t our correspond5ce %\ld be out ( ! beat5 track1 be x s4 ,my retirem5t f ! _w w naturally give an air ( peculi>ity to my s5tim5ts1 :i* p]haps may ent]ta9 :]e x does n conv9ce4 ,9 ju/ice to myself1 let me obs]ve1 t tru? sometimes does n /rike u )\t ! assi/ance ( cu/om2 b s great is ! =ce ( cu/om1 t1 unassi/$ by tru?1 x has work$ ! greate/ miracles4 ,ne$ ,i br+ = pro( ! quantity ( nons5se 9 all ! arts1 sci5ces1 & ev5 religion itself1 :i* x has sanctifi$8 ,z possibly 9 ! c\rse ( my lett]s to y ,i may attack "s receiv$ doctr9es on ea* ( ^! subjects1 let n :at ,i advance be in/antly reject$1 because contr>y to an op9ion f\nd$ on prejudice2 b1 z mu* z possible1 dive/ y\rself ( ! p>tiality acquir$ by habit1 & if at la/ y %\ld n agree ) me1 ,i %all suspect my s5tim5ts to be peculi> & n j4 ,?o' tru? may want ! assi/ance ( use be=e we feel its =ce1 yet :5 x is really felt1 we dete/ :at cu/om only made u l4 ,! difficulty is to procure = tru? a fair exam9ation4 ,! multitude is always aga9/ x4 ,! fir/ discov]y 9 any ?+ is consid]$ z an encroa*m5t ^u prop]ty1 a prop]ty become sacr$ by possession4 ,discov]]s are accord+ly treat$ z crim9als1 & mu/ h good luck to escape execution4 ,i mean n to rank myself ) su* bold adv5tur]s2 ,i am nei!r ambiti\s ( ! hon\r1 or ! dang]1 ( enlight5+ ! _w1 b1 if ,i c s(t5 prejudices :i* ,i _c remove--if ,i c loos5 ! fett]s ( cu/om :]e ,i _c altoge!r unb9d !m1 & engage y to ?9k = y\rself--my end w be answ]$1 & my tr\ble fully repaid4 ,adieu6 c4 ,,lett] ,,ii4 ,x is natural to suppose1 t p orig9ally judg$ ( ?+s by _! s5ses & imm$iate p]ceptions4 ,by degrees !y f\nd t _! s5ses 7 n infallible1 & t ?+s frequ5tly contradict$ _! fir/ appe>ance4 ,?is1 at la/1 0 pu%$ to an extravagance2 & c]ta9 philosoph]s endeav\r$ to p]suade mank9d1 t ! s5ses deceive u s (t51 t we c nev] dep5d on !m--t we _c tell :e!r we are 9 motion or at re/1 asleep or awake1 ) _m o!r su* absurdities4 ,!y us$ ! same +5uity ) ! m5tal s5se4 ,"s anci5t sage 0 ask$1 8,:o is ! ri*e/ man80 if he _h repli$ 8,he t has mo/ money10 ! answ] w\ld h be5 natural & j--:at he did say1 e "o kn[s4 ,we h suff]$ ourselves to be impos$ on s long1 t at la/ we beg9 to impose on ourselves4 ,ri*es1 c>ds1 & duell+1 h be5 con/antly abus$1 writt51 & prea*$ aga9/2 & yet m5 w /ill ho>d1 play1 & fight4 ,:y %\ld !y8 ,all univ]sal passions we may fairly pron\nce to be natural1 & %\ld be treat$ ) respect4 ,! gratification ( our passions are our greate/ pleasures1 & he t has mo/ gratifications is ( c\rse ! happie/ man4 ,?is1 z a g5]al ass]tion1 is true1 & x is true also 9 p>ticul>s1 provid$ we pay no m = pleasure ?an x is wor?4 ,e man %\ld endeav\r to be ri*4 ,he t has money may possess e ?+ t is transf]able--?is is a suffici5t inducem5t to procure x4 ,nay1 if he possesses no?+ b 8 money1 if he consid]s x z ! end1 z well z ! means1 x is /ill "r to be ri*3 =1 kn[+ t he has x 9 8 p[] to procure e ?+1 he is z well satisfi$ z is ! ?+ itself 0 9 8 possession4 ,?is is ! true s\rce ( ! mis]'s pleasure2 & a great pleasure x is6 ,a moral philosoph] may tell him1 8t man does n live = himself alone1 & t he hurts ! community by )hold+ :at w\ld be ( use to x0--?is he ?9ks to be weak reason+4 ,! sne]s ( wits signify z little2 = he kn[s !y w\ld be glad to be ri* if !y c\ld4 ,he feels t ! pleasure aris+ f ! possession ( ri*es1 :e!r us$ or n1 is too great to be giv5 up = all ! wit1 or ev5 ! /ronge/ argum5ts t c be br\ght aga9/ x4 ,x seems to be agre$1 t c>d-play+ proce$s entirely f av>ice--?o' ?is may sometimes be ! motive1 yet x may ) m probability be d]iv$ f o!r1 & m g5]al pr9ciples4 ,! m9d ( man naturally requires employm5t1 & t employm5t is mo/ agreeable1 :i* engages1 )\t fatigu+ ! att5tion4 ,!re is no?+ = ?is purpose ( su* univ]sal attraction z c>ds4 ,! f9e arts & belles lettres c only be enjoy$ by ^? :o h a g5ius = !m--o!r /udies & amusem5ts h _! p>ticul> *>m1 b c>ds are ! univ]sal amusem5t 9 e c\ntry :]e !y are kn[n4 ,! alt]nate *anges 9 ! play1 ! hope ^u ! tak+ up a new h&1 & ! triumph ( gett+ a game1 made m compleat f ! fe> ( los+ x1 keep ! m9d 9 a p]petual agitation1 :i* is f\nd by exp]i5ce to be too agreeable to be quitt$ = any o!r consid]ation4 ,! /ake play$ = is a quick5] ( ^! s5sations1 b n ! cause4 ,*ildr5 :o play = no?+ feel :at ,i h be5 describ+ p]haps 9 a m exquisite degree ?an he :o engages = ?\s&s4 ,a /ate ( inaction is ( all o!rs ! mo/ dreadful6 & x is to avoid ?is inaction t we seek employm5t1 ?\gh at ! exp5ce ( heal?1 temp]1 & =tune4 ,?is subject is f9ely t\*$ by ,abb du ,bos1 9 8 reflexions ^u poetry1 c4 inde$ he c>ries x s f> z to say1 t ! pleasure aris+ f an extraord9>y agitation ( ! m9d1 is frequ5tly s great z to /ifle humanity2 & f h5ce arises ! ent]ta9m5t ( ! common p at executions1 & ( ! bett] sort at trag$ies4 ,?o' 9 ?is la/ in/ance he may be mi/ak52 yet1 ! delight we feel 9 read+ ! actions ( a h]o may be ref]r$ to ?is cause4 ,! morali/ c5sures ! ta/e ( ^? :o c be pleas$ ) ! actions ( an ,alex&] or a ,nadir ,%ah--! ,tru? is1 we d n approve ! actions2 b ! relation ( !m causes t agitation ( ! m9d :i* we f9d to be pleasant4 ,! reign ( ,h5ry ! sev5?1 ?o' ( ! greate/ consequ5ce to ?is nation1 does n int]e/ u l ! cont5tions ( ,york & ,lanca/] by :i* ! k+dom 0 ru9$4--,x is 9 va9 t we are told t sc5es ( w> & blood%$ c give no pleasure to a good m9d1 & t ! true h]o is he :o cultivates ! arts ( peace1 he by :om m5 are b5efit$ n he by :om !y are de/roy$--x is to no purpose--we sleep ov] ! actions ( quiet goodness1 :ile aspir+1 de/roy+ greatness1 claims & comm&s our att5tion4 ,duell+ has 9 _m c\ntries a law aga9/ x--b c nev] be prev5t$4 ,! law c inflict no great] p5alty = any brea* ( x ?an dea?2 :i* ! duelli/ contemns4--,!re are also "s cases ( injury :i* ! law _c prev5t1 nor puni% :5 committ$--^! mu/ be r$ress$ by ! man :o suff]s1 & by him only4 ,he is prompt$ to d ?is by some?+ antec$5t1 & sup]ior to all law1 & by a desire z eag] z hung] or lu/2 s t x is z easy = law to prev5t or re/ra9 ! two latt] z ! =m]4 ,v luckily = u1 occasions = ! gratifications ( ?is passion occur b seldom3 & ?o' a man may be re/ra9$ f a duel by p]sonal fe>1 :i* is its only c\nt]actor1 !re are v few in/ances1 p]haps none1 ( its be+ prev5t$ by consid]+ x s a brea* ( ! law4 ,9 ! beg9n+ ( ! la/ c5tury duels 7 z frequ5t1 p>ticul>ly 9 ,france1 z to occasion a sev]e edict to prev5t !m--inde$ by _! frequ5cy1 !y 7 by degrees improv$ into combats ( two1 ?ree1 & sometimes m ( a side4--,9 ^? days a ,fr5* nobleman 0 mak+ up 8 p>ty to decide a qu>rel ) ano!r man ( equal rank1 x came to ! ,k+'s e>s1 :o s5t to him "o ( ! mo/ ris+ m5 at c\rt ) a comm& to desi/1 assur+ him ( ! /rict execution ( ! edict 9 case ( disob$i5ce4--,e "o kn[s ! atta*m5t ( ! ,fr5* to _! sov]eign1 b yet x prov$ weak :5 set aga9/ ?is all-p[]ful passion4 ,! nobleman n only refus$ to obey ! k+1 b actually engag$ ! mess5g] to be "o ( 8 p>ty4 ,! above seem to be ! pr9cipal reasons :y ri*es1 c>ds1 & duell+ h s deep a root 9 ! m9d ( man--b !re are o!rs :i* come 9 aid4 ,! desire ( sup]iority is ( itself almo/ suffici5t to produce ?is great effect4 ,believe me ev] y\rs1 c4 ,,lett] ,,iii4 ,i ,_c comply ) y\r desire--a regul> diss]tation is above me----b if y w take my ?\ghts z !y occur1 ! hon\r ( me?odiz+ !m %all be y\rs4 ,languages are t]m$ r\gh & smoo?1 weak or expressive1 frequ5tly )\t reason4--,z ^! are comp>ative t]ms1 !y *ange _! application accord+ to circum/ances4 ,! ,fr5* is said to be a smoo? or r\gh language1 :5 comp>$ ) ! ,g]man or ,italian4 ,p]haps ?is is true1 & yet we %\ld n det]m9e too ha/ily4 ,9 appe>ance1 !re are m v[els 9 ! ,italian language ?an 9 ! ,fr5*2 b 9 pronunciation ! ,fr5* lose _m ,consonants1 & ! ,italians none3 & yet 9 ,fr5*1 s great is ! irregul>ity ( t language1 _m consonants are pron\nc$ :i* are n writt5----smoo?ness or r\ghness mu/ !re=e dep5d on ! e> alone1 yet h[ f> a ,language is weak or expressive1 may be treat$ ( & det]m9$ ) precision4 ,e s5t5ce may be consid]$ z ! picture ( an idea2 ! quick] t picture is pres5t$ to ! m9d1 ! /rong] is its ,impression4 ,t language !n :i* is %orte/1 is ! mo/ expressive4 ,if we %\ld fix on any language z be+ 9 g5]al ! mo/ concise1 yet1 if 9 "s in/ances x is m diffuse ?an ano!r1 !n1 9 ^? in/ances ! latt] is mo/ expressive4 ,?is1 ,i believe1 is an univ]sal rule1 & )\t exception4 ,let u = ! pres5t suppose ,lat9 to be m expressive1 because %ort]1 ?an any mod]n language1 & comp>e x ) ,engli% 9 "s examples1 j z !y occur4 ,captus oculis & ccus--are us$ = ! same ?+--! la/ is m expressive ?an ! fir/1 & bo? less s ?an bl9d3 a s+le syllable does ! (fice ( _m4 ,h[ mu* m =cibly does x /rike u to be told t our fri5d is dead1 ?an mortuus e/1 or ,mors cont9uo ipsum occupavit8 ,?is la/ is inde$ poetical1 if we suppose dea? a p]son4 ,?o' ,i j n[ said t ,lat9 0 clos] 9 its expression ?an any mod]n language1 x 0 only 9 compliance ) common op9ion2 = ,i h great reason to believe t x yields 9 ?is respect to ,engli%3 ,! lat9 hexamet] & ,t]5ce's l9e be+ ) ease includ$ 9 our h]oic v]se1 :i* is n s long by _m syllables4 ,!re h be5 _m pieces ( ,engli% poetry translat$ into ,lat91 &1 9 g5]al no?+ c read m dead & unanimat$4 ,9 ! eigh? volume ( ! ,spectator is a translation ( ! fam\s soliloquy 9 ! ,play ( ,cato--comp>e x ) ! orig9al1 & obs]ve h[ ! same ?\ght is /rong 9 ,engli% & weak 9 ,lat91 occasion$ entirely by its be+ close 9 "o language1 & diffuse 9 ! o!r3 =1 z mu* z "o s5t5ce exce$s ano!r 9 l5g?1 9 ! same proportion does x fail 9 expression4 ,translations1 mo/ commonly1 are m v]bose ?an _! orig9al1 :i* is "o reason = _! weakness2 :5ev] !y are less s1 !y are /rong]4 ,suppose we %\ld f9d 9 a ,fr5* au?or ^! phrases1 ,un ,canon de neuf livres de ,balle--,un ,vaisseau du ,roi du quatre v+t dix ,pieces du ,canon2 & !y 7 r5d]$ into ,engli% by a n9e-p\nd]--,a n9ety-gun %ip--is n ! translation m spirit$ ?an ! orig9al8 ,i purposely *ose a phrase ) z little matt] 9 x z possible1 :]e ! mean+ c\ld n be mi/ak51 & 9 :i* !re 0 no v>iety ( expression1 t ! trial might be fair]4 ,i h he>d t ! ,g]man is an expressive language--x may be s1 ,i d n und]/& x2 b ,i c p]ceive t1 = ! mo/ "p1 ! words are v long1 :i* makes aga9/ its be+ s4 ,fr5*1 & ,italian p>ticul>ly1 are mu* m diffuse ?an ,engli%4 ,translations f ^! languages h (t5 a =ce t ! orig9als want$2 & ?is n ow+ to ! ,engli% be+ a /rong] language 9 s\nd1 z "s h imag9$1 b to /r5g? occasion$ by brevity4 ,p]haps x may be imag9$1 t ^? words :i* c>ry _! signification ) !m %\ld be mo/ expressive1 :e!r long or %ort2 t is1 :5 !y are d]iv$ f1 or comp\nd$ ( kn[n words1 :i* express t signification4 ,b ?is is n s4 ,:5 we say adieu1 f>ewell--we mean no m ?an a c]emony at p>t+4--,no "o consid]s adieu z a recomm5dation to ,god1 or f>ewell z a wi% = happ9ess4--,frequ5t use de/roys all idea ( d]ivation4 ,b if we speak a comp\nd or self-significative ^w t is n common1 we p]ceive ! d]ivation ( x4 ,?us if a ,london] says butt]-milk1 he has an idea ( some?+ comp\nd$ ( butt] & milk2 b to an ,iri%man or ,holl&]1 x is z simple an idea z ei!r ( ! words tak5 sep>ately1 is to u4 ,x is b late t our or?ography 0 fix$ ev5 9 ! mo/ common words4 ,two hundr$ ye>s ago1 e p]son spelt z he lik$3 a privilege enjoy$ /ill lat] ?an t p]iod by 8royal & noble au?ors10 :o seem1 9 ?is in/ance1 to claim ! lib]ty enjoy$ by _! ance/ors4 ,s9ce ! "t or?ography has be5 ?\ght ( "s consequ5ce1 we h att5d$ p>tly to pronunciation1 ?o' *iefly to d]ivation4 ,b1 9 "s cases1 :]e we %\ld altoge!r h spelt accord+ to d]ivation1 we h tak5 pronunciation = our guide4 ,& ?is has occasion$ "s confusion2 = in/ance naught is bad--n\ght is no?+2 ^! t]ms 7 long conf\nd$1 & ev5 n[ are n kept p]fectly di/9ct1 :i* has occasion$ ought to be writt5 aught4 ,wrapt is envellop$--rapt is hurri$ away1 or totally possess$3 ! fir/ ( ^! is frequ5tly us$ = ! la/1 by "s ( our mod]n poets4 ,m>ry is an assev]ation--m>ry1 to give 9 m>riage--! spell+ ^! words ! same1 conf\nds !m toge!r2 we %\ld h pres]v$ = ! fir/1 ! real ^w m>y4 ,x 0 a common ?+ =m]ly to swe> by ,m>y1 ! a 9 :i* 0 pron\nc$ broad1 z ! ,prie/s ( t "t did ! ,lat9 ,m>ia1 f :om ! common p took ! pronunciation4 ,9 "o ( ! pieces 9 ! fir/ volume ( ! collection ( old plays1 x frequ5tly occurs1 & is spelt z a prop] "n1 ,m>ie4 ,p]mit me to obs]ve1 t ! ,editor1 by mod]niz+ ! spell+ 9 ! o!r volumes1 has prev5t$ _! be+ made ?is use (1 z !y might h %ew$ ! progress ( or?ography z well z ( dramatic poetry4 ,9 ! reign ( ,james ! fir/ 7 _m attempts to r$uce or?ography altoge!r to pronunciation4 ,9 our "t we h se5 "s attempts to br+ x altoge!r f d]ivation--b surely bo? 7 wrong4 ,:oev] reads ,h[el's lett]s1 or ,dr4 ,newton's ,milton1 w see1 t by a p>tial pr9ciple too g5]ally adopt$1 !y h made ( ! ,engli% language 8a v fanta/ical banquet--j s _m /range di%es60 ,!re are _m inv]sions ( phrases us$ 9 poetry :i* are contr>y to ! g5ius ( our language4 ,9 ! translation ( ! ,iliad !re frequ5tly occurs 8?und]s ! sky0----8tott]s ! gr\nd10 mean+ t 8! sky ?und]s0 & 8! gr\nd tott]s40 ,?is *ange ( position has ! au?ority ( "s ( our be/ poets1 ?o' x frequ5tly obscures ! s5se1 & sometimes makes x directly contr>y to :at is int5d$ to be express$4 ,our language does n1 ) ease1 admit ( ! nom9ative aft] ! v]b4 ,if we read1 ?o' 9 poetry1 8%akes ! gr\nd0 we d n readily und]/& t 8! gr\nd %akes10 b r ref] to "s antec$5t nom9ative t has produc$ ?is effect4 ,to adopt ! con/ruction ( ! anci5t languages is z awkw>d z to adopt _! measures4 ,y w und]/& ?is to be meant z a g5]al obs]vation1 ! tru? ( :i* is n de/roy$ by a few exceptions :]e ! inv]sion may be happily us$4 ,! s5se 9 ^! v]ses ( ,pope 8halts0 z mu* by ,roman con/ruction1 z ! ,rhy?mus 9 ,sidney does by 8,roman feet40 ,9 read+ ,lat9 & ,greek we are oblig$ to keep ! s5se susp5d$ until we come to ! end ( ! p]iod1 b x is n s 9 any mod]n language t ,i "k (1 except n[ & !n 9 ,italian poetry2 s t !re is a sam5ess ( con/ruction 9 all ( !m :5 comp>$ ) ! anci5t languages4 ,n[1 ?is susp5sion ( ! s5se is surely no advantage1 !re=e if x 7 possible to make ,engli% l ,lat9 & ,greek 9 ?is respect1 x w\ld hurt ! language4 ,9 ano!r lett] ,i may possibly resume ?is subject4 ,i am1 c4 ,,lett] ,,iv4 ,our greate/ mi/ake 9 ! pursuit ( happ9ess z well z ( sci5ce1 is to judge by ! p]ceptions ( o!rs1 & n by our own4 ,?is p]v]sion is admirably ridicul$ 9 "s com$y1 9 :i* a "y fell[ naturally sob]1 gives into debau*]ies m]ely because !y are fa%ionable4 8,i am horrid sick0--says he--8,i am tir$ to dea?--,i hate c>ds--b x is life = all t60 ,my fri5d1 exam9e y\r he>t--,y y\rself are ! be/ judge ( :at contributes to y\r own happ9ess4 ,is ! pleasure ( %oot+ equal to ! fatigue8444 ,put d[n ! gun4 ,is ! cry ( ! h\nds a suffici5t *>m to remove ! fe> ( break+ y\r neck8444 ,come (f y\r horse4--,& 9 pure *>ity let me advise ! 8impati5t fi%]0 to conv]t 8 rod into a walk+ /ick1 jemmy1 & swit*4 8,= :at8 ,d n g5tlem5 love c\ntry div]sions80 ,b if y d n1 :y %\ld y be gov]n$ by _! incl9ations8 ,mr4 ,connoisseur1 d n pret5d raptures at music1 y "k y h no e>4--,/>e n at t picture1 y are s5sible y h no eye4--,close t book1 let o!rs weep2 y h no he>t4 8,sir1 x is ! ta/e to admire music1 pa9t+1 & f9e writ+40--,i am v glad ( x4--,b x is n y\r ta/e1 "h --------h9c ,vos1 ,vos h9c1 mutatis disc$ite p>tibus-- ,n[ confess hone/ly ,mr4 ,sportsman1 t y h m pleasure 9 ,snyd]'s pictures1 ?an f hunt+ 9 propri p]son--t ! ,fr5* horns at a conc]t h m h>mony ?an 9 a wood4 ,&1 ,mr4 ,connoisseur1 y are n[ 9 y\r elem5t4--,is x n bett] to 8jo9 ! jovial *ace0 ?an ! insipid crew ( ! dilettanti8 ,let u rememb] & practice ! old maxim4 --------trahit sua quemque ,voluptas4 ,,lett] ,v4 ,de> ,sir1 ,i am glad y g on ) y\r pa9t+4 ,?\gh y %\ld nev] arrive at any great degree ( excell5ce y\rself1 x w infallibly make y a bett] judge ( ! excell5cies ( o!rs4 ,y tell me1 :at inde$ e ,connoisseur says by rote1 t ! great pa9t]s pa9t$ above1 beyond nature6 ,t !y pa9t$ beyond nature ,i grant1 b n above1 if by above we are to und]/& some?+ m excell5t ?an :at we f9d 9 nature4 ,i h long be5 sick ( ! cant ( writ]s & talk]s ^u ?is subject4 ,if x be possible1 let u speak a little common-s5se--endeav\r to %ew :at seems by our feel+s to be ! tru?1 & !n prev5t a wrong application ( x4 ,! great pa9t]s1 x is agre$1 pa9t$ beyond nature--b h[8 ,:y1 if ,i may v5ture to say x1 by draw+ & col\r+ extravagantly4 ,b 7 !y "r or wrong 9 do+ s8 ,?is dep5ds ^u circum/ances4 ,i rememb] see+ at a ,pa9t]'s a head tak5 f nature1 ano!r copi$ f ,hans ,holbe91 & a ?ird f ,giulio ,romano--^u :i* ! arti/ made a diss]tation4--,he fir/ produc$ ! portrait f nature1 & ask$ me h[ ,i lik$ x8 ,i told him t !re appe>$ to me great simplicity & elegance 9 x1 & an excell5ce :i* ,i ?\ght ess5tial to a good picture--a prop] ballance betwe5 ! light & %ade ( e "p4 7,i meant t ! %ade ( ! :ite 0 light] ?an t ( blue--( blue fa9t] ?an ( black1 c4 s t ea* col\r 0 z p]ceivable 9 ! %ad[s z lights47 ,ay1 says he1 t is true1 b ,i w %ew y a /yle pref]able to x--,^u :i* he produc$ ! copy f ,holbe94--,i agre$1 t x 0 /rong]1 & su* z nature might appe> 9 _m in/ances4----,b "h1 says he1 is some?+ beyond nature2 ?is ,i call ! sublime /yle ( pa9t+1 & ?is ,i w try to br+ my heads to4--,!n he discov]$ ! copy f ,giulio--!re is /r5g?1 says he--see h[ fa9t ! o!rs are4--,n[1 ackn[l$ge t ! picture ,i pa9t$ f nature is no?+ to x4 ,x mu/ be confess$1 ,i repli$1 t ! extravagance ( ! la/ picture does = a mom5t dazzle our eyes--y\rs seems weak by ! comp>ison1 x is l look+ ^u :ite pap] aft] />+ at ! sun4--,on ! contr>y1 if ,i pass f y\rs to ?is1 ,i am hurt at see+ e ?+ s extravagant1 & s f> beyond ! mode/y ( nature6--8,x is n int5d$ to be /rictly natural1 x is ! f9e ideal1 x is some?+ above1 beyond nature60 8,i mu/ own t ,i h no idea ( any beauty beyond :at may be f\nd 9 nature--inde$1 :5ce is ! idea to be tak58 ,b d n ?9k ,i rate ,giulio or any ( ! sublime pa9t]s lightly2 ,i am s s5sible ( _! m]it1 t1 contr>y p]haps to y\r expectation1 ,i am ab\t to def5d _! practice4 ,!y g5]ally pa9t$ = *ur*es1 :]e ! picture is se5 9 a bad light1 or at a di/ance2 s t x c\ld n be se5 at all if ! mann] 0 n viol5t3 bo? ! draw+ & col\r+ mu/ be extravagant to /rike--= :i* reason1 !y ov]*>g$ _! attitudes1 black5$ _! %ad[s1 r$d5$ _! c>nations1 & :it5$ _! lights2 & all ?is ) ! greate/ propriety4 ,b if y apply ?is practice to closet or portrait pa9t+1 :at is an excell5ce 9 !m1 becomes a defect 9 y4 ,?is picture :i* y h copi$ ) s mu* success1 ,i d>e say has an admirable effect :]e x hangs2 b ne> ! eye or 9 a /rong light1 x is h>d & ov]-done4 ,on ! o!r h&1 if y\r portrait 0 to be hung at a great di/ance1 or 9 an obscure place1 ! delicate t\*es ,i n[ admire w\ld escape ! sight4 ,! /yle prop] = ! *ur* is improp] = ! closet1 & ! contr>y4 ,! great pa9t]s 7 9 ! "r !n1 9 pa9t+ beyond nature2 b let u n imag9e t su* figures & *>act]s are !re=e ! mo/ beautiful4 ,no pa9t] c inv5t a figure surpass+ ! f9e/ ( nature3 = "* & =m1 nature is ! j & only /&>d4 ,he %ews 8 g5ius m by prop]ly associat+ natural objects1 & express+ natural *>act]s1 ?an by exagg]at+ !m or by inv5t+ new ones40 ,:5 ,i receive ! picture y h promis$ me1 ,i w criticise x ) z mu* s9c]ity z ,i am y\r ,fri5d1 c4 ,,lett] ,,vi4 ,y h turn$ my ?\ghts mu* t[>ds pa9t+ ( late--,i h be5 try+ to solve ?is "q4 ,:at is ! reason t ^? objects :i* displease u1 or at be/1 t pass unnotic$1 9 nature1 please u mo/ 9 pa9t+8 ,a deep road1 a puddle ( wat]1 a bank cov]$ ) docks & bri>s1 & an old tree or two1 are all ! circum/ances 9 _m a f9e l&scape4 ,z cl[ns & half />v$ cattle are ! figures a l&scape-pa9t] *uses = 8 pictures2 s1 r\gh-look+ fell[s wrapt up 9 %eets & blankets1 are *os5 by ! hi/ory-pa9t]1 to express ! greate/ p]sonages1 & 9 ! mo/ dignifi$ actions ( _! lives4 ,let ! foll[+ obs]vations h :at weight !y may--?o' !y d n cle>ly answ]1 !y seem to ?r[ "s light on ?is difficult "q4 #a4 ,:ile we are uncultivat$1 l ! ,iri% ,osc>1 if we are to be awak5$1 x mu/ be by hav+ a great /one ?r[n aga9/ our heads4 ,! man ( ! utmo/ elegance & ref9em5t may rememb] ! "t :51 9 read+1 no?+ mov$ him b ! m>vell\s1 & 9 pa9t+1 no?+ pleas$ him b ! gl>+4 ,:ile he 0 9 ?is /ate1 he delight$ 9 books ( *ivalry & ,*9ese pictures--^! gave place to less extravagant repres5tations ( life2 & at la/ by mu* conv]se ) m5 ( ta/e1 read+ pur] au?ors1 & see+ bett] pictures1 he is taught h[ to feel1 & f9ds a p]fect revolution ev5 9 8 s5sations4 ,^? objects :i* once delight$ him1 he n[ despises--^!1 on ! contr>y1 he =m]ly took no notice (1 he n[ sees ) rapture2 & ev5 goes s f> z to admire ! objects 9 nature1 he has le>nt to l 9 repres5tation4--,n[1 x is ?is improv$1 ?o' artificial /ate ( ! m9d t con/itutes ! judge ( pa9t+--& x is ! judge ! pa9t] is sollicit\s to please4--,he is to atta9 ?is end !n1 by dep>t+ z mu* z possible f :at is our natural b>b>\s ta/e1 & by con=m+ to t we h acquir$4 #b4 ,x is mo/ c]ta9 t 9 all ! arts we make difficulties 9 ord] to %ew our skill 9 conqu]+ !m4--,"s ,fr5* writ] calls ?is pr9ciple la difficult va9cue2 & ?is conque/ is ! s\rce ( mu* pleasure4 ,:at is x b ?is t induces ! novelli/ & play-writ] to emb>rass _! *>act]s ) difficulties & tr\bles8 ,:at is !re b ?is t c make a musical canon to be ?\ght f9e 9 composition1 or extravagant execution 9 p]=mance agreeable1 :5 ! m9d _c compreh5d ! "o1 nor ! e> foll[ ! o!r8 &1 to br+ x to ! pres5t subject--:at is x b ?is t induces ! pa9t] to make use ( ! mo/ unpromis+ objects1 & produce beauty :]e y might expect no?+ b de=mity8 #c4 ,x is necess>y t a pa9t] %\ld *use su* objects z are capable ( v>iety ei!r f %ape or arrangem5t4 ,regul> =mal objects admit b little1 especially ^? :]e art has ! greate/ %>e 9 _! production1 unless !y are capable ( motion1 z %ips1 w9dmills1 c4 & !n !y become pictoresque by a prop] *oice ( attitude4 ,x is curi\s to obs]ve ! %ifts to :i* arti/s are r$uc$1 :5 !y are oblig$ to pa9t su* objects z are 9 !mselves unpictoresque--suppose a f9e h\se ) av5ues ( trees4 ,!y w v>y ! t9t ( ! /ones 9 ! "o1 & ( ! leaves 9 ! o!r1 or by ?r[+ 9 accid5tal %ades & lights produce a v>iety4 ,9 l mann]1 portrait-pa9t]s undress ! hair1 loos5 ! coat1 & wr9kle ! /ock+s t !y may produce a v>iety 9 ! mann] ( treat+ a subject :i* want$ x 9 =m4 ,^? objects :i* h no set =m h ( c\rse mo/ v>iety4 ,a road or riv] may w9d 9 any direction--trees are ( all sizes & %apes1 may /& "h or !re--loose drap]y admits ( a ?\s& folds & dispositions :i* ! /iff mod]n dress is incapable (4 ,s t ! pa9t] by tak+ ^! has ample mat]ials = %ew+ 8 judgm5t 9 =m1 or skill 9 arrangem5t----= mak+1 & ov]com+ difficulties--& la/ly1 by ! unit+ bo? ^! he con=ms to ! pr9ciples by :i* ! cultivat$ ta/e is pleas$--! ultimate end ( all ! f9e arts4 ,if y are n satisfi$ ) ?is solution1 help me to a bett]--b give a fair read+ to ?is ( ,y\r s9c]e fri5d1 c4 ,,lett] ,,vii4 ,i d n admit y\r excuse4--,a g5ius %\ld nev] comply ) local or tempor>y ta/e--in/ead ( debas+ himself to ! p1 he %\ld elevate ! p to him4 ,:5 ,milton subtilizes div9ity1 & ,%akespe>e 8cracks ! w9d ( a poor phrase20 :o b wi%es t ^? great poets _h n desc5d$ f _! sph]e8 ,y\r allusions to incid5ts :i* mu/ soon be =got1 are only wor?y ( a writ] :o expects b a %ort exi/5ce4 ,x is true our plays ab\nd ) su* allusions4 ,:5 ,foig>d1 9 ! ,beaux ,/ratagem1 says he is a subject ( ! ,k+ ( ,spa9--!y ask him 9 a fury 8:i* ,k+ ( ,spa980 ,?is did v well at ! "t2 b ^! two ,k+s ( ,spa9 are n[ ( mu* less consequ5ce ?an _! bro!r mon>*s ( ,br5t=d4 ,i ?9k x is 9 ! same play :]e "o ( ! *>act]s is ask$ 8:5 he 0 at *ur* la/80 he %\ld answ] 8at ! coronation20 b x is a po9t to give a reply t %all suit ! "t :5 ! play is p]=m$1 =gett+ t !re are _m expressions :i* remove y back into ! la/ c5tury :5 ! play 0 writt54 ,i rememb] 9 ! late ,k+'s reign ! reply us$ to be 8at ! in/allation20 at ! accession ( 8 pres5t ,maje/y an actor ?\ght he _h a good opportunity ( return+ to 8coronation10 b unluckily x 0 be=e ! ,k+ 0 cr[n$4 ,allusions ( ?is sort soon become obscure1 & yet !y w n be> be+ alt]$4 8,pray y avoid !m40 ,adieu1 c4 ,,lett] ,,viii4 ,true1 my fri5d1 musicians d commit /range absurdities by way ( expression--b fanciful p make !m commit o!rs :i* !y nev] ?\ght (4 ,! mo/ common mi/ake ( compos]s is to express words & n ideas4 ,?is is g5]ally ! case ) ,purcel1 & frequ5tly ) ,h&el4 ,i believe !re is n a s+le piece exi/+ ( ! =m]1 if x has a ^w to be play$ ^u1 b w prove my ass]tion3 & ! latt]1 if ! impetuosity ( ! musical subject w give him leave1 w at any "t quit x = a pun4 ,!re is no trap s likely to cat* compos]s z ! words high & l[1 d[n & up4 8,by ,g-- 7z ,qu9 says7 !y mu/ bite40 ,9 :at raptures 0 ,purcel :5 he set 8,!y t g d[n to ! sea 9 %ips40 ,h[ lucky a circum/ance1 t !re 0 a s+] at t "t1 :o c\ld g d[n to ,,dd1 & g up two ,octaves above8 = !re is 9 o!r p>ts ( ! an!m a go+ up z well z d[n4 ,! :ole is a con/ellation ( beauties ( ?is k9d4 ,h&el _h leisure1 at ! conclusion ( an excell5t movem5t1 to endeav\r at an imitation ( ! rock+ ( a cradle 7,see ! end ( ! an!m 8,my he>t is indit+071 & has 8 ups & d[ns too 9 pl5ty4 ,if _m examples ( ?is may be f\nd 9 ^! great g5iuses1 x w\ld be endless to enum]ate ! in/ances 9 ^? ( ! l[] ord]4 ,let x suffice to obs]ve1 t all op]as )\t exception1 ! greate/ "p ( *ur*-music1 & p>ticul>ly ,m>cello's psalms1 ab\nd 9 ?is ridicul\s imitative expression4 ,?is is trifl+ ) ! words & neglect+ ! s5tim5t2 b ! fault is mu* increas$ :5 a ^w is express$ 9 contradiction to ! s5tim5t4 ,a mo/ flagrant in/ance ( ?is is 9 ,boyce's ,solomon1 9 ! song ( 8,arise my ,fair ,"o come away40--,! h]o ( ! piece is invit+ 8 mi/ress to come to him1 & to tempt h] ! m1 9 describ+ ! beauty ( ! spr+1 he tells h] t 8,/]n w9t]'s gone ) all its tra9 8,( *ill+ fro/s & dropp+ ra910 b x is come 9 ! music--! unlucky words ( w9t]1 fro/1 & ra91 made ! compos] set ! lov] a %iv]+1 :5 he 0 full ( ! feel+s ( ! 8g5ial ray60 ,b sometimes expression ( ! s5tim5t is blameable1 if su* expression is improp] = ! g5]al subject ( ! piece4 ,religi\s solemnity %\ld n appe> at ! !atre1 nor !atrical levity at ! *ur*4 ,9 ! ,/abat ,mat] ( ,p]golesi1 & 9 ! ,messiah ( ,h&el1 !re is an expression ( :ipp+ attempt$1 :i*1 if x is und]/ood at all1 conveys ei!r a ludicr\s or prophane idea1 accord+ to ! disposition ( ! he>]4 ,p]mit me to susp5d my subject a mom5t j to obs]ve1 t !re is sometimes m5tion made 9 plays1 ( provid5ce1 ,god1 & o!r subjects1 :i* are z incompatible ) a place ( public ent]ta9m5t1 z ! common s5tim5ts ( plays are ) ! *ur*4 ,if we are disgu/$ at a !atrical prea*]1 we are n less (f5d$ :5 an actor height5s all ^! ill-plac$ s5tim5ts--=c+ !m ^u y\r notice by an affectation ( a deep s5se ( religion1 & mo/ solemnly prea*+ ! s]mon :i* ! poet s improp]ly wrote4 ,all ^!1 & _m m1 are faults :i* musicians really commit2 b a connoisseur w make !m guilty ( o!rs1 by way ( complim5t1 :i* ! compos]s nev] dreamt (4 ,! introduction ( ! ,coronation an!m1 ,zadok ! ,prie/1 is an arpeggio1 :i* ,h&el probably took f 8 own p]=mance at ! h>psi*ord2 b a great judge says1 x is to express ! murmurs ( ! p assembl$ 9 ! abbey4 8,all we l %eep are gone a/ray0 9 ! ,messiah is consid]$ z mo/ excell5tly express+ ! break+ out ( %eep f a field4---- ,b out ( pity to ! connoisseurs1 virtuosi1 & ! mo/ respectable ,conosc5ti1 ,i w n increase my in/ances--,god =bid ,i %\ld rob any man ( 8 criticism6 ,le/ ,i %\ld encroa* ^u y\r premises1 ,i w quit su* dang]\s gr\nd1 & leave y ) m cel]ity ?an c]emony4 ,,lett] ,,ix4 ,i l e "p ( y\r poem except ! p>5!sis t[>ds ! conclusion4 ,9 ! mid/ ( a rapid description1 or t5d] s5tim5t2 or any ?+ t comm&s ! att5tion1 or atta*es ! he>t2 :at is m disgu/ful ?an to h ! image cut 9 two1 = ! sake ( expla9+ a ^w1 or remov+ an objection1 :i* ! read] may possibly make8 ,milton & ,%akespe>e frequ5tly int]rupt ! mo/ lively & ard5t passages--take "s in/ances z !y occur4 ,_! arms away !y ?rew1 & to ! hills 7,= e>? ha? ?is v>iety f heav'n ,( pleasure situate 9 hill or dale7 ,light z ! lightn+'s glimpse !y ran1 !y flew4 ,,p>4 ,,lo/4 ,b4 ,,vi4 --------:5 on a day 7,= "t1 ?\gh 9 et]nity1 apply'd ,to motion1 measures all ?+s durable ,by pres5t1 pa/1 & future7 on su* a day ,z heav5's great ye> br+s =?4 ,,p>4 ,,lo/4 ,b4 ,v4 --------ev5+ n[ approa*'d 7,= we h also our ev5+ & our morn1 ,we ours = *ange delectable1 n ne$7 ,=?) f dance to sweet repa/ !y turn ,desir\s2 c4 ,^u ! m5tion ( hills 9 ! fir/ quotation1 & ( day & ev5+ 9 ! second & la/--he knew t he _h "s objections to answ]1 & accord+ly set ab\t do+ x = fe> ( ! consequ5ces--,i wi% !y _h rema9$ 9 _! full =ce4 ,y h (t5 read ! ,midsumm] ,night's ,dream--d y recollect ?is passage8 ,lys4 ,h]mia1 = ought t ev] ,i c\ld read1 ,c\ld ev] he> by tale or hi/ory1 ,! c\rse ( true love nev] did run smoo?2 ,b1 ei!r x 0 diff]5t 9 blood---- ,h]4 ,o cross6 too high1 to be en?rall'd to l[6---- ,lys4 ,or else misgraft$ 9 respect ( ye>s-- ,h]4 ,o spite6 too old1 to be engag'd to "y6 ,lys4 ,or else x /ood ^u ! *oice ( fri5ds-- ,h]4 ,o hell6 to *use love by ano!r's eye6 ,lys4 ,or if !re 7 a sympa?y 9 *oice-- ,w>1 dea?1 or sickness did lay siege to x4 ,read x )\t ,h]mia's int]ruptions & x becomes "o ( ! f9e/ p>ts ( ! au?or--b x is mis]ably mangl$ z x /&s4 ,y w rememb] t x is ! improp] use ( ! p>5!sis ,i object to & n to ! ?+ itself4 8,?is figure ( composition10 says a late +5i\s au?or1 8:i* is h>dly ev] us$ 9 common disc\rse1 is mu* employ$ by ! be/ writ]s ( antiquity1 9 ord] to give a ca/ & col\r to _! /yle diff]5t f common idiom1 & by ,demo/h5es p>ticul>ly2 & n only by ! orators1 b ! poets40 ,i w\ld recomm5d to y\r consid]ation :e!r y _h n bett] avoid giv+ any h9t h[ ! /ory ( y\r poem is to conclude8 ,anticipation frequ5tly spoils a f9e incid5t4 ,:5 neas is recit+ to ,dido :at pa/ at ,troy1 says he1 ,arduus armatos m$iis 9 mnibus a/ans ,fundit equus4 ,n4 ,,ii4 ,! fir/ m5tion ( ! ,horse's hav+ arm$ m5 )91 %\ld h be5 res]v$ = ?is place4 ,!re is some?+ truly t]rible & sublime 9 neas's be+ wak$ by su* a v>iety ( horrid s\nds1 & ignorant ( ! cause2 ! read] also %\ld h be5 ignorant until ,pan!us expla9$ ! my/]y4 ,see ! :ole passage 9 n4 ,,ii4 beg9n+ at ! #bih? v]se1 & if possible1 =get t ?is w5t be=e4 ,delecta virum =titi corpora furtim ,includunt cco lat]i1 c4 ,"o ( ! f9e/ p>ts ( ,don ,quixote is also spoil$ by m5tion+ a circum/ance :i* %\ld h be5 delay$4 ,! ,knight & 8 ',squire1 at ! close ( ! day1 he> ! clank ( *a9s1 & dreadful bl[s1 :i* w\ld h puzzl$ ! read] z mu* z x fright5$ !m1 _h n ! au?or unluckily said 8t ! /rokes 7 9 "t & measure10 :i* is tell+ u v pla9ly t x 0 a mill4 ,! :ole sc5e is highly pictoresque & beautiful4 ,if ^! h9ts w be ( any s]vice to y x w be a great pleasure to ,y\rs1 c4 ,,lett] ,x4 ,! productions ( g5ius require "s ages to be br\ght to p]fection4 ,! lib]al arts h _! infancy1 y\? & manhood2 &1 to c>ry on ! allusion1 cont9ue sometime 9 a /ate ( /r5g?1 & !n v]ge by degrees to a decl9e1 :i* at la/ ends 9 a total ext9ction4 ,! ,engli% language1 poetry1 & music1 exhibit pro(s ( ?is obs]vation1 z f> z !y h z yet gone3 ) ! two =m] ,i h at pres5t no?+ to d1 b %all conf9e :at ,i h to say on ?is subject to ! latt]4 ,:at ! music ( ! times prec$+ ,h>ry ! eigh? 01 ,i confess myself ignorant1 nor inde$ is ! k ( x necess>y3 we may conclude t x 0 m b>b>\s ?an t ( ! sixte5? c5tury1 z ! times 9 :i* x 0 us$ 7 less enlight5$4 ,"s masses1 mottets1 & madrigals are :at h rea*$ u4 ,! :ole consi/s ( a succession ( *ords )\t art or mean+1 & p]fectly de/itute ( air4 ,9 ,elizabe?'s reign appe>$ "s compos]s1 ,tallis1 ,bird1 ,morley1 & ,f>rant1 :i* improv$ ! b>r5 /yle ( _! pr$ecessors3 !y _h m *oice 9 _! h>mony1 & made "s little advances 9 melody4 ,!re are "s pieces ( in/rum5tal music compos$ at ?is "t :i* /ill exi/3 p>ticul>ly a book ( lessons1 = ! virg9als1 :i* 0 ! ,que5's4--,:e!r ! compos]s ?\ght t h] sacr$ ,maje/y excell$ 9 musical abilities z mu* z 9 rank1 or z %e wi%$ to d 9 beauty1 ,i "k n2 b ?is is c]ta91 t ^! pieces are s cr[d$ ) p>ts1 & s aukw>dly b>b>\s1 z to r5d] ! p]=mance ( !m impossible--s natural is x1 ev5 9 ! infancy ( art1 to mi/ake difficulty = beauty4 ,i d n recollect any compos] t really improv$ music = ! fir/ half ( ! sev5te5? c5tury1 except ,orl&o ,gibbons2 ( :om1 a s]vice = ! *ur*1 & two or ?ree an!ms rema91 ! h>mony ( :i* is good1 & ! melody pleas+4 ,9 ! ,gloria ,patri ( ! ,nunc ,dimittis is ! be/ canon1 9 my judgm5t1 t 0 ev] made4 ,gibbons 0 also a compos] = ! virg9als1 b 9 no respect bett] ?an 8 pr$ecessors4 ,i believe x 0 ab\t ?is "t t ! species ( canon call$ ! cat*1 0 produc$4 ,! int5t ( my mak+ ?is %ort recapitulation ( ! =m] /ate ( music is purely prefatory to :at ,i h to say ^u ! subject ( cat*es4 ,?is odd species ( composition1 :5ev] inv5t$1 0 br\ght to its p]fection by ,purcel4 ,real music 0 z yet 9 its *ildhood2 b ! reign ( ,*>les ! second c>ri$ e k9d ( vulg> debau*]y to its height4 ,! prop] ra = ! bir? ( su* pieces z 8:5 qu>t]$1 h ev] ?ree p>ts obsc5ity1 & "o "p music40 ,! def9ition ( a cat* is a piece = ?ree or m voices1 "o ( :i* leads1 & ! o!rs foll[ 9 ! same notes4 ,x mu/ be s contriv$1 t re/s 7:i* are made = t purpose7 9 ! music ( "o l9e be fill$ up ) a ^w or two f ano!r l9e2 ^! =m a cross-purpose or cat*1 f :5ce ! "n4 ,n[1 ?is piece ( wit is n judg$ p]fect1 if ! result be n ! ranke/ indec5cy4 ,p]haps ?is def9ition may be object$ to1 & ,i may be told t !re are cat*es p]fectly h>mless4 ,x is true t "s pieces are call$ cat*es t h no?+ to (f5d1 & o!rs t may ju/ly pret5d to please2 b !y want :at is absolutely necess>y = a cat*--! break1 & cross-purpose4 ,x may also be said t ! result ( ! break1 is n always indec5cy4 ,i confess !re are cat*es ^u o!r subjects1 drunk5ness is a fav\rite "o2 :i*1 ?\gh good1 is n s v good z ! o!r3 & !re may possibly be f\nd "o or two ^u o!r topicks :i* might be he>d )\t disgu/2 b ^! are n suffici5t to contradict a g5]al rule1 or make me retract :at ,i h advanc$4 ,i w next exam9e _! musical m]it4--,& ?is z compositions mu/ consi/ ei!r 9 _! h>mony1 or melody2 or _! effect 9 p]=mance4 ,! h>mony ( a cat* is no?+ m ?an ! common result ( fill+ up a *ord4--,!re is n contrivance en\gh to make x e/eem$ z a piece ( +5uity4 8,:at6 !y are all canons60 ,s is e tune 9 ! _w1 if y w set x 9 ?ree or m p>ts1 & s+ ^? p>ts 9 succession z a cat*--b a real canon is n s easily produc$3 x is "o ( ^? difficult trifles :i* co/s an inf9ite deal ( lab\r1 & aft] all is wor? no?+4 ,i d n except ! fam\s ,non nobis ( ,bird1 9 :i* are "s passages n to be endur$4 ,! excell5ce 9 ! composition ( a cat* consi/s 9 mak+ ! breaks1 & fill+ !m up prop]ly4 ,! melody is1 = ! mo/ "p1 ! unimprov$ vulg> drawl ( ! times ( ignorance4 ,let u next att5d to ! mann] ( p]=mance4 ,"o voice leads1 a second foll[s1 & a ?ird1 c4 succe$s1 unaccompani$ ) any in/rum5t to keep !m 9 tune toge!r4 ,! consequ5ce is1 t ! voices are always s9k+1 b n equally1 = ! be/ s+] w keep ne>e/ ! pit*1 & ! o!rs dep>t f>!/ f x4 ,if ! p>ts are d\bl$1 :i* is sometimes ! case1 all ^! defects are multipli$4 ,to ?is let !re be add$ ! imp]fect scale ( an uncultivat$ voice1 ! dep>t+ f ! real s\nd by way ( hum\r1 ! noise ( s _m p /riv+ to outs+ ea* o!r1 ! confusion ( speak+ diff]5t words at ! same "t1 & all ?is height5$ by ! laugh+ & o!r accompanim5ts ( ! audi5ce--x pres5ts su* a sc5e ( savage folly z w\ld n disgrace ! ,hott5tots inde$1 b is n mu* to ! cr$it ( a company ( civiliz$ p4 ,z ! cat* 9 a mann] ow$ its exi/5ce to a drunk5 club1 ( :i* "s musicians 7 memb]s2 ^u _! dy+1 x langui%$ = ye>s1 & 0 sc>ce kn[n except among *oir-m51 :o n[ & !n kept up ! _s ( _! =efa!rs4 ,z ! age grew m poli%$1 a bett] /yle ( music appe>$4 ,corelli gave a new turn to in/rum5tal music1 & 0 successfully foll[$ by ,gem9iani & ,h&el2 ! la/ excell$ 9 vocal z well z in/rum5tal music4 ,!re h be5 ref9em5ts & confess$ improvem5ts ^u all ^! great m5 s9ce2 & no d\bt b at ?is "t !re are mu* bett] p]=m]s1 & m elegant1 ?o' less solid compos]s4 ,?is is ! unit$ effect ( ! lab\rs ( ! :ole toge!r1 = !re is no "o man to be comp>$ ) ei!r ( ! above-m5tion$4 ,n[1 if ?is 7 speculation only1 is x cr$ible t ta/e %\ld rev]t to b>b>ism8 ,its natural dea? is1 to be fritt]$ away 9 false ref9em5t2 & yet1 contr>y to exp]i5ce 9 e o!r in/ance1 we h gone back a c5tury1 & cat*es fl\ri% 9 ! reign ( ,george ! ?ird4 ,!re is a club compos$ ( "s ( ! fir/ p 9 ! k+dom :i* meet pr(ess$ly to he> ?is species ( composition3 !y cultivate x & enc\rage x ) premiums4 ,to obta9 :i*1 _m compos]s1 :o ought to be above su* nons5se1 become c&idates1 & produce su* ?+s ----8"o kn[s n :at to call1 8,_! g5]ation's s equivocal40 ,sometimes a piece makes its appe>ance t 0 lately f\nd by accid5t aft] a concealm5t ( a hundr$ & fifty ye>s4 ,:5 x is approv$1 & decl>$ too excell5t = ^! deg5]ate days1 ! au?or smiles & owns x4 ,i sc>ce ev] saw "o ( ^! ?+s t did n betray itself1 )9 ?ree b>s1 to be mod]n4 ,x is z difficult to imitate anci5t music z anci5t poetry2 a few squ>e notes are n suffici5t = ! "o1 nor w two or ?ree :iloms & ekes d = ! o!r4 ,& yet 9 ?is la/ in/ance a few affect$ antiquat$ spell+s h be5 ?\ght by "o half ( ! _w1 suffici5t to weigh aga9/ mod]n phraseology1 mod]n mann]s1 & ev5 mod]n facts4 ,surely x requires no great disc]nm5t to discov] t :at has exi/$ may be imitat$1 b no?+ less ?an ! gift ( ,presci5ce c dive into futurity4 ,if x is improbable t an un$ucat$ boy %\ld be able to produce :at are call$ ,r[ley's ,poems1 x is impossible t ,r[ley c\ld write 9 a /yle & allude to facts ( aft] times4 ,=give me ?is digression1 b inde$ ,i h ne>ly f9i%$ my subject & lett]4 ,i pr(ess t ,i nev] he>d a cat* sung1 b ,i felt m a%am$ ?an ,i c express4 ,i pret5d to no m delicacy ?an t ( ! age ,i live 91 :i* is v prop]ly too ref9$ to endure su* b>b>isms--,i 0 a%am$ = myself--= my company--& if a =eign] 0 pres5t--= my c\ntry4 ,x has j occurr$ to me t y l cat*es1 & frequ5tly help to s+ !m--rev5ge y\rself = ! lib]ties ,i h tak51 by compell+ me to he> "s ( ^! pleasant ditties1 :5 p]haps ,i may be =c$ to s+ 9 my own def5ce4 ,adieu4 ,p4 ,s4 ,if y %\ld h a design to conv]t me--take me to ! cat*-club4--,i confess1 & hon\r1 ! sup]ior excell5ce ( its p]=mance1 :ile ,i lam5t t s noble a subscription %\ld be lavi%$ = s poor a purpose z keep+ alive musical false-wit1 :5 x might s p[]fully support & enc\rage ! be/ /yle ( composition2 & r advance our ta/e by anticipat+ ! improvem5ts ( ! com+ age1 ?an =ce x back to times ( b>b>ism1 f :i* x has co/ u su* pa9s to em]ge4 ,,lett] ,,xi4 ,i "k t y are "o ( ^? :o consid] our language z pa/ its m]idian4 ,"s ?9k x 0 9 its highe/ lu/re 9 ! age ( ,sidney2 o!rs1 9 t ( ,addison4 ,p]haps1 ^u an imp>tial review ( x1 we %all f9d x m p]fect n[ ?an ev]4 ,9 ! au?ors be=e ! reign ( ,elizabe?1 !re seems n ! lea/ pret5ce to a simple1 natural /yle4 ,a man 0 held unfit to write1 :o c\ld n express 8 ?\ghts out ( ! common language2 s t x is possible1 !re 0 z mu* difficulty 9 und]/&+ !m at ! "t !y liv$1 z n[4 ,if we are to judge ( ! ,engli% !y spoke1 by t !y writ1 we h no reason to compla9 ( ! fluctuation ( our tongue4 ,b x is v probable t conv]sation-language 0 mu* ! same two hundr$ ye>s ago z at pres5t2 !re are pro(s ( ?is 9 private lett]s /ill exi/+--,i mean f su* p z _h no ambition to be ?\ght le>n$1 or f su* z felt too mu* = affectation4 ,! fam\s lett] ( ,ann ,boleyn to ,h5ry ! eigh?1 is ( ?is la/ sort1 9 :i* !re is sc>ce an obsolete expression4----,i hope y make a di/9ction betwe5 expression & spell+--= z ,i once obs]v$ to y1 x is b ( late t our or?ography has be5 fix$4 ,9 ! ,/ate-tryals 9 ,elizabe? & ,james's reign1 we f9d ne> ! same language we use at pres5t1 & ?is 0 tak5 imm$iately f ! m\?4 ,9 ^? passages :]e ,%akespe>e's g5ius _h n its full scope1 may be obs]v$ 8 attempts to be ?\ght le>n$1 & ref9$2 b :]e ! subject 0 too impetu\s to brook re/ra9t1 ! language is z p]fect z ! idea4 ,^u ! :ole1 ?o' ! colloquial ,engli% 0 mu* ! same z at pres5t1 we may safely pron\nce ! /yle ( ! au?ors ( ?is p]iod to be b>b>\s4 ,! disputes betwe5 ,*>les ! fir/ & ! ,p>liam5t1 7 ( great use 9 poli%+ ! language2 & ?o' ! ,k+'s pap]s are ?\ght to be mo/ elegant1 yet x is evid5t t bo? p>ties endeav\r$ at /r5g? = ! good ( _! cause1 & at p]spicuity = ! sake ( be+ univ]sally und]/ood--& ^! two pr9ciples g ne> t[>ds mak+ a p]fect /yle4 ,milton's prose is 9 g5]al v n]v\s1 b x is n free f /iffness & affectation4 ,! o!r p]iod is t ( ,addison4 ,he 0 und\bt$ly "o ( our smoo!/ & be/ writ]s3 he _h ! skill ( unit+ ease1 /r5g?1 & correctness1 & did m t[>ds improv+ ! language ?an ! unit$ lab\rs ( fifty ye>s be=e him4 ,b yet !re 7 "s little rema9s ( b>b>ism /ill left1 :i* are evid5t en\gh 9 8 contempor>ies1 & may be discov]$ ev5 9 him1 by att5d+ to ! /yle & n to ! matt]4 ,w y believe t s elegant a writ] has us$ au!nticalness = au!nticity8----,y may f9d ?is horrid ^w 9 8 ,dialogues on ,m$als4 ,political disputes h produc$1 among _m bad effects1 ! same good1 n[1 z =m]ly--!y h improv$ our language4 ,^? 9 ! ,adm9i/ration ( ,sir ,rob]t ,walpole1 b m p>ticul>ly ^! 9 our own times1 h occasion$ "s ( ! mo/ p]fect pieces ( writ+ we h 9 our tongue4 ,?\gh1 f ! nature ( ! subject1 ! pieces !mselves c sc>ce exi/ long] ?an ! dispute :i* gave !m be+2 yet c]ta9ly _! effect ^u ! language w be felt :5 ! qu>rel itself is no m1 & e ?+ relat+ to x =gott54 ,?o' ,i h affirm$ t our language is m p]fect n[ ?an 9 any pa/ p]iod--yet !re is /ill mu* left 9 x to be correct$4--,inde$ !re are "s defects 9 all languages1 :i* h crept 9 by degrees1 & are s sanctifi$ by cu/om1 t !y c nev] be correct$4 ,9 ,engli% !re is no diff]5ce 9 writ+1 ?o' !re is 9 pron\nc+1 ! pres5t1 & pret]p]fect t5ses ( ! v]bs read1 & eat1 & "s o!rs4 ,"s unsuccessful attempts h be5 made to di/+ui% !m by writ+ r$de & ate4 ,!re are m words 9 ,lat9 ( contr>y significations :i* are writt5 ! same1 ?an1 ,i believe1 9 any o!r language4 ,x is a defect if ! pronunciation ( diff]5t words be alike1 & a great fault if su* a pronunciation be ! consequ5ce ( a ref9em5t4 ,we n[ pron\nce =e & f\r1 ! same2 :i* sometimes makes an odd confusion4 8,i w come to y at ?ree1 ,i c't come be=e0--& 8,i w come to y at ?ree1 ,i c't come by f\r0--are pron\nc$ j ! same way4 ,?is we get by affect$ly dropp+ ! u4 ,9 ,fr5* au dess\s & au dessus are too mu* alike = contr>y significations4 ,nature dictates a diff]5ce ( s\nd = diff]5t mean+s3 ! adv]bs ( negation & ass5t1 be> no resemblance to ea* o!r 9 any language2 & almo/ all languages agree 9 "s su* s\nd z no = d5ial4 ,! ,london dialect is ! cause ( _m improprieties1 :i*1 if !y 7 only us$ 9 conv]sation1 w\ld n mu* signify2 b z !y h begun to make "p ( our writt5 language1 !y des]ve "s animadv]sion4 ,to m5tion a few4 ,! cu/om among ! common p ( add+ an s to _m words1 has1 ,i believe1 occasion$ its be+ fix$ to "s1 by writ]s ( rank1 :o on acc\nt ( _! resid5ce 9 ,london did n p]ceive ! impropriety4 ,!y speak1 & write1 *ick5s--coals--acqua9tances--assi/ances1 c4 ,*ick5 is itself ! plural ( *ick1 z ox5 is ( ox1 k9e 7c[57 is ( c[1 & _m o!rs4 ,coal1 acqua9tance1 be+ aggregate n\ns1 admit ( no plural t]m9ation1 nor does assi/ance4 ,if ,i 7 to say a bag ( %ots1 or s&s1 ! impropriety w\ld be in/antly p]ceiv$2 & yet "o is full z good ,engli% z ! o!r4 ,a c]ta9 au?or ( great cr$it1 :o has tak5 a /rict1 nay1 a v]bal review ( ! ,engli% language1 uses !m z (t5 z !y occur4 ,z ! ,london]s speak1 s !y also write le>n = tea*1 ?is is a v old mi/ake1 & occurs frequ5tly 9 ! psalms1 d = does 7& ! contr>y71 set = sit1 see = saw1 t9 = latt5 7:i* are two diff]5t ?+s z well z words71 sulky = sull51 c4 c4 ',*ange & 'sample h be5 long admitt$ d5iz5s4----,ev5 9 a diction>y y may f9d million expla9$ to be a fruit well kn[n--z p]haps 9 a future edition we %all be told t a fly signifies a coa*1 & dilly a *aise4 ,! ,london phraseology has also be5 too h>d = ,engli%4 ,i got me up--he sets him d[n--,i got no sleep--,i slept none--su* a ?+ is a do+--a go+--a com+--live lob/]s--live-cattle--,i w call ( y--d n tell on x4 ,all ^! are writ )\t scruple4 ,our mod]n com$ies1 & ! ,london news-pap]s1 ab\nd s mu* 9 ?is language1 t !y are sc>ce intelligible to "o :o has nev] be5 9 ! capital4 ,nay 9 books = ! use ( s*ools1 ! ,london dialect is s pr$om9ant1 t _m ( ! s5t5ces are n to be und]/ood by a c\ntry boy1 & impossible to be r5d]$ into ,lat9 ev5 by ^? :o d und]/& !m4 8,i w g & fet* a walk 9 ! ,gre5 ,p>k0--8,i w g get me my d9n]10 & su* j>gon is p]petually occurr+4 ,engli% has also be5 corrupt$ by ,london emphasis & acc5t--,i w n tire y by quot+ examples1 ( :i* a long li/ might be made to prove ! great prop5sity ( ! common p to ^? defects2 & w\ld be a f>!r confirmation ( :at ,i j n[ advanc$1 t m5 ( le>n+ really commit improprieties1 because _! e> is famili>iz$ to !m4 ,i h yet some?+ to add on ?is subject--b ,i mu/ caution y f imag9+ t because ,i f9d out ! faults ( o!rs1 ,i pret5d to p]fection myself4 ,hog>? says v prop]ly 9 8 ,analysis ( ,beauty1 8d n look = good draw+ 9 ^? examples :i* ,i br+ ( grace & beauty--!y are purposely neglect$--att5d to ! precept40 ,,lett] ,,xii4 ,i sometimes provoke y by sport+ ) :at y deem sacr$ matt]s4 ,hom] ,i "k is "o ( y\r div9ities--may ,i v5ture to tell y t ,i nev] c\ld f9d t scale ( h]oes 9 ! ,iliad :i* critics admire z su* a beauty8 ,hector is suppos$ 9 val\r sup]ior to all b ,a*illes--^u :at au?ority8 ,ajax c]ta9ly beat him 9 ! s+le combat betwe5 !m2 & !re are "s in/ances1 ?o' ,i _c recollect ! passages1 ( 8 inf]iority to o!rs ( ! ,greeks4 ,x is surely a bl9dness worse ?an ,hom]ican1 n to see _m inconsi/5cies 9 ! ,iliad1 & x is ridicul\s to attempt to make beauties ( !m4 ,f _m :i* might easily be po9t$ out1 take "o or two z !y occur to my memory4 ,aft] describ+ ,m>s z ! mo/ t]rible ( be+s1 & to :om :ole armies are z no?+2 :at poetical belief is /rong en\gh to suppose he c\ld be made to retire by ,diom$8 ,if ,m9]va's %ield is s va/ 7! %ell ( a ,krak51 ,i suppose71 c "o help wond]+ :y %e does n use x z ! ,k+ ( ,laputa does 8 isl&1 :5 8 subjects on ,t]ra-firma rebel8 ,i d n recollect p>allel in/ances 9 ,milton4 ,,lett] ,,xiii4 ,y h n done me ju/ice--read ! memoirs ,i s5t y prop]ly be=e !y are condemn$3--:at is any book if x be n read 9 t mann] by :i* x may be/ be und]/ood8 ,a novel1 ^: m]it lies *iefly 9 ! /ory1 %\ld be quickly pass$ ?r\gh2 = ! clos] y c br+ ! sev]al circum/ances toge!r1 ! bett]4 ,if its m]it consi/s 9 "* & s5tim5t1 x %\ld be read mu* sl[]2 = ! lea/ obvi\s p>ts ( a "* are frequ5tly ! mo/ beautiful1 & ! propriety ( a s5tim5t may easily escape 9 a ha/y p]usal4 ,deta*$ ?\ghts ought to be dwelt on long] ?an any o!r mann] ( writ+2 = diff]5t subjects foll[+ close1 d r conf\nd ?an in/ruct2 b if we all[$ ourselves "t to reflect1 we %\ld und]/& ! au?or & p]haps improve ourselves4 ,ea* ?\ght %\ld be consid]$ z a text1 ^u :i* we ought to make a comm5t>y4 ,bayle's mann] ( writ+ by text & note is g5]ally decri$1 b )\t reason4 ,:5 !re is a necessity ( prov+ ! ass]tion by quotation1 :i* 0 8 case1 no o!r way c be tak5 equally p]spicu\s4 ,! au?orities mu/ be produc$ some:]e--!y _c be 9 ! text1 & if !y are put at ! end ( ! book1 :i* is ! mod]n fa%ion1 h[ mu* m tr\blesome are !y = ref]r+ to1 ?an by be+ at ! bottom ( ! page8 ,! tru? is1 ?is is ano!r in/ance ( ignorance 9 ! me?od ( read+4 ,bayle1 ,h>ris1 & o!r writ]s ( ?is class1 %\ld h ! text read fir/1 :i* is quickly dispat*$2 !n1 beg9 aga9 & take 9 ! notes4 ,by ?is means y pres]ve a connection1 & judge ( ! pro(s ( :at is ass]t$4 ,i might 9 o!r respects compla9 ( y\r treat+ me r unfairly2 inde$1 none judge less fav\rably ( an au?or ?an 8 intimate fri5ds----_! p]sonal k ( him z a man1 de/roys a hundr$ delusions to 8 advantage z an au?or4--8,:o is a h]o to 8 ,valet de ,*ambre80 said ! great ,cond1 & he might h add$1 8or to 8 fri5ds80 ,besides ! obvi\s reason = ?is1 x is mo/ likely t an au?or has 9 8 common conv]sation made 8 fri5ds acqua9t$ ) 8 s5tim5ts long be=e !y are communicat$ to ! public4 ,! consequ5ce is1 t to !m 8 "w is n new2 & x is possible t !y may take to !mselves "p ( 8 m]it2 = ,i h kn[n _m in/ances1 :]e a p]son has be5 told some?+ by way ( in=mation1 :i* he himself told to ! in=m]4 ,i "k y w take ?is to y\rself4--,d s1 b /ill ?9k me ,y\rs1 c4 ,,lett] ,,xiv4 ,we are got into a cu/om ( m5tion+ ,%akespe>e & ,jonson toge!r1 & _m ?9k !m ( equal m]it1 ?o' 9 diff]5t ways4 ,9 my op9ion1 ,jonson is "o ( ! dulle/ writ]s ,i ev] read1 & 8 plays1 ) "s few exceptions1 ! mo/ un5t]ta9+ ,i ev] saw4 ,he has "s %9+ passages n[ & !n1 b n en\gh to make up = 8 defici5cies4 ,%akespe>e1 on ! contr>y1 abundantly recomp5ses = be+ sometimes l[ & trifl+4 ,"o ( 8 comm5tators mu* admires 8 great art 9 ! con/ruction ( 8 v]ses--,i d>e say !y are v p]fect2 b x is z mu* out ( my p[] to ?9k ^u ! art ( v]se-mak+ :5 ,i am read+ ?is div9e poet1 z x is to consid] ( ! be/ way ( mak+ fiddle-/r+s at a conc]t4 ,i am n ma/] ( myself suffici5tly to d any ?+ t requires delib]ation3 ,i am tak5 up l a leaf 9 a :irlw9d1 & dropp$ at ,!bes or ,a!ns1 z ! poet pleases6 ,i h seldom any pleasure f ! repres5tation ( ,%akespe>e's plays1 unless x be f "s sc5es ( conv]sation m]ely1 )\t passion4 ,! spee*es :i* h any ?+ viol5t 9 ! expression1 are g5]ally s ov]-act$ z to cease to be ! 8mirror ( nature0--b ?is 0 always ! case--8,oh6 x (f5ds me to ! s\l1 to see a robu/i\s p]riwig-pat$ fell[ te> a passion to tatt]s30--'?o' ?is is a 8lam5table ?+10 yet x appe>s to be )\t rem$y4 ,an actor1 9 a l>ge !atre1 is l a picture hung at a di/ance1 if ! t\*es are delicate1 !y escape ! sight3 bo? mu/ be extravagant to be se5 at all1 & h5ce ! cu/om ( ! anci5ts to make use ( ! ,p]sona & ,busk94 ,act+ has a v diff]5t effect 9 ! /age-box f :at x has 9 ! back ( ! gall]y4 ,9 ! "o1 e ?+ appe>s r\gh & rude1 l a picture ( ,spagnolet's ne> ! eye2 9 ! o!r1 x is ) difficulty t ! play c be made out4 ,p]haps1 ! be/ place is ! front ( ! fir/ gall]y2 z be+ suffici5tly remov$ to s(t5 ^! h>dnesses1 yet ne> en\gh to see & he> ) advantage4 ,b !re is no place c alt] ! impropriety ( rant & turgid declamation1 :i* ! p]=m] naturally runs into by endeav\r+ to be /rong en\gh to be he>d--s t1 z ,i obs]v$1 ! evil seems to be incurable4 ,,lett] ,,xv4 ,an acqua9tance ( ours has correspond$ ) a writ+-ma/] _m ye>s1 n f any reg>d to ! man1 b = ! pleasure he takes 9 see+ f9e writ+4 ,he pres]ves 8 lett]s c>efully1 & ?\gh he reads !m to none1 7p]haps !y are /ill unread by himself7 he %ews !m to all :o c reli% ! excell5ce ( a fl\ri% 8long drawn out40----,our fri5d's ta/e may be ridicul$ by ^? :o 8hold x a bas5ess to write fair10 b yet x is c]ta91 t ! true =m ( lett]s1 9 writ+1 is und]/ood no :]e b 9 ,engl&4 ,i nev] saw a specim5 ( a correct h& ei!r writt5 or engrav$1 f any o!r c\ntry1 t 0 ^u a "r pr9ciple4 ,p]haps x may be object$1 t e nation1 prejudic$ 9 fav\r ( _! own p>ticul> mann]1 w say ! same ?+4 ,let u exam9e ?is4 ,mod]n writ+-h& _h its rise f an endeav\r to =m ! true lett]s z !y are pr9t$1 ) exp$ition4 ,! fir/ v>iation f ! orig9al1 mu/ be an oblique in/ead ( a p]p5dicul> situation1 ?is naturally arises f ! position ( ! h&--! next1 a jo9+ ( ! lett]s2 ^! two necess>ily produce a ?ird1 an alt]ation ( ! =m4 ,s t writ+ h& diff]s f pr9t+ 9 ?is1 t ! =m] is an arrangem5t ( connect$ *>act]s1 ! latt] ( di/9ct ones4 ,! slit 9 ! p5 makes ! d[n-/rokes full1 & ! up-/rokes slight1 s t ! body ( ! lett] is /rong1 & ! jo9+s weak2 z !y %\ld be4 ,x is mo/ natural & easy also to hold ! p5 always 9 ! same position1 by :i* means1 ! full & hair-/rokes are always 9 _! "r places4 ,s f> seems ! necess>y consequ5ce ( endeav\r+ to make ! lett]s exp$iti\sly ) a p54 ,?is be+ grant$1 ! ornam5tal "p comes next to be consid]$4 ,= ?is1 x is requisite t ! lett]s %\ld be ( ! same size & di/ance1 t _! lean+ %\ld be 9 ! same direction1 t ! jo9+ be z mu* z possible uni=m1 &1 la/ly1 t ! sup]add$ ornam5t ( fl\ri%+1 %\ld be cont9u$ 9 ! same position ( ! p5 9 :i* x 0 fir/ begun1 7g5]ally ! rev]se ( ! usual way ( hold+ x71 & t ! =ms be di/9ct1 fl[+1 & graceful4 ,^! appe> to me to be ! true pr9ciples ( writ+4 ,exam9e ! ,italian & ,fr5* h&s by ^! rules1 7"s ( ! be/ specim5s are ! titles ( pr9ts1 c47 & ! h& :i* !y use w be f\nd to be unconnect$1 full ( unmean+ twi/s & curl+s g5]ally produc$ by alt]+ ! position ( ! p51 & ^u ! :ole awkw>d1 /iff1 & ungraceful4 ,z !y n[ write1 we did1 ab\t sev5ty or eighty ye>s s9ce2 s t our pres5t beautiful h& is a new "o1 & by its be+ us$ no :]e b 9 ,engl&1 ,i mu/ conclude x to be an ,engli% inv5tion4 ,believe me1 9 my be/ writ+1 & ) my be/ wi%es1 ev] ,y\rs1 c4 ,,lett] ,,xvi4 ,i ,h (t5 reflect$ ) great grief1 t !re is sc>ce any rem>kable natural object 9 ! sublime /yle1 ( :i* we h a draught1 to be dep5d$ on4 ,! cat>act ( ,niag>a4--,! peak ( ,t5]iffe1 we "k no?+ ( b t ! "o is ! greate/ wat]fall1 & ! o!r ! highe/ s+le m\nta9 9 ! _w4 ,x is true1 ,condam9e says1 t ! ,&es f> surpass ! peak ( ,t5]iffe2 m ?an a ?ird--b1 x %\ld be consid]$1 t ! valley ( ,quito is #afjj fa?oms above ! sea1 & t x is f ! foot ( ! m\nta9 t ! eye judges ( its height4 ,! peak ( ,t5]iffe rises at once1 & has1 comp>atively1 b a small base--s t1 9 appe>ance1 ,t5]iffe is ! highe/ ( m\nta9s4 ,! cat>act ( ,niag>a1 inde$1 is mo/ excell5tly describ$ by ,mr4 ,kalm2 b all descriptions ( visible objects comes s %ort ( a repres5tation1 & is necess>ily s imp]fect1 t if t5 diff]5t pa9t]s 7 to read ,mr4 ,kalm's acc\nt ( ?is amaz+ fall1 & to draw x f 8 description1 we %\ld h z _m diff]5t draughts z pa9t]s4 ,! peak ( ,t5]iffe has be5 asc5d$ by _m1 b describ$ by none1 = ,i _c call ^? acc\nts descriptions1 :i* w\ld suit any o!r high m\nta9 z well4 ,"s travell]s give views ( :at !y appreh5d to be curi\s1 b all t we c f9d f !m is1 t !y _c possibly be l ! object describ$4 ,!re mu/ be "s amaz+ sc5es 9 ,norway by ,pontoppidan's ,descriptions1 & 9 ! ,alps by ,s*u*tz]'s1 b _! draughts _c be> ! lea/ resemblance to :at !y describe4 ,nay1 ^? objects :i* lie 9 ! common road ( travell]s h j ! same fate4--,! view ( ,lomb>dy f ! ,alps--! bay ( ,naples--! appe>ance ( ,g5oa1 f ! sea1 c4 c4 are mu* talk$ (1 b nev] drawn3 or if drawn1 n publi%$4 ,f ?is g5]al c5sure ,i %\ld except a view ( ,vesuvius tak5 by a pupil ( ,v]net's1 & two views ( ! ,giant's causeway 9 ,irel&1 b above all ,gasp> ,p\ss9's draw+s f ,tivoli4 ,^! h some?+ s *>act]i/ic1 t we may be sure t !y give a prop] idea ( ! sc5es f :5ce !y 7 tak54 ,( ! _m ?\s&s t are con/antly go+ to ! ,ea/-,indies1 n "o has publi%$ a draw+ ( ! ,cape ( ,good ,hope1 nor ( ,adam's peak 9 ,ceylon1 nor fifty o!r rem>kable objects :i* are se5 9 t voyage4----,ev5 ! rock ( ,gibralt> is z yet undrawn4 ,:at ,i mean by a draw+ is a pictoresque view1 n a me] outl9e = ! use ( navigators1 nor ! unmean+ m>ks ( a p5cil direct$ by ignorance4 ,i greatly suspect ! s mu* comm5d$ draughts 9 ,anson's voyage to be no?+ b outl9es fill$ up at r&om2 & m ?an suspect1 t _m designs 9 a late publication ( ?is sort1 are m]e inv5tions at home4 ,i h be5 l$ into ?is subject by ! two admirable descriptions ( tna by ,sir ,w4 ,hamilton & ,brydone--z mu* z words c realize objects1 !y are realiz$4-- ,b yet1 a doz5 diff]5t views tak5 by real arti/s1 w\ld h done m 9 an in/ant1 ?an any effect )9 ! p[] ( description4 ,,lett] ,,xvii4 ,is !re n some?+ v fanciful 9 ! analogy :i* "s p h discov]$ betwe5 ! arts8 ,i d n d5y ! commune quoddam v9culum1 b w\ld keep ! pr9ciple )9 its prop] b\nds4 ,poetry & pa9t+1 ,i believe1 are only alli$ to music & to ea* o!r2 b music1 besides hav+ ! above-nam$ ladies = si/]s1 has also a/ronomy & geometry = bro!rs1 & gramm>--= a c\s91 at lea/4 ,i am sure ,i h left out _m ( ! family1 ?\gh1 if ,i c\ld enum]ate :at seems at pres5t ! :ole1 x is odds1 b !re w\ld be a new relation discov]$ soon by an adept 9 ?is bus9ess4--,:y %\ld n ,i f9d out "o or two8--,i w try4 ,let me see--:at is !re ne> me8 ,oh6 a /&i%--music !n %all be l my /&i%4 ,any ?+ else8--,yes--l ! grate--or l t %irt n[ hang+ by ! fire1 :i* makes s excell5t a scre54 8,h[ prove y ?is 9 y\r great wisdom80 ,m>ry6 ?us--music be>s great analogy to my /&i%2 because !re is "o bottle = ! ink1 ano!r = ! s&1 & ! ?ird = waf]s--^! are evid5tly ! unison1 ?ird1 & fif?1 :i* make a compleat *ord2 & ^? ?ree a compleat /&i%4--,! p5 is s evid5tly ! plectrum1 t x is insult+ y to m5tion x4 8,b :y l ! grate80 ,bless me6 did y nev] see a te/udo1--a lyre8 ,! b>s are ! /r+s1 ! back is ! belly--ne$ ,i enl>ge8 ,:at is ! fire b ! vis musica8--& "h1 ! pok] is ! plectrum4 8,b h[ c x possibly be l ! %irt80 ,pho6 any ?+ 9 analogy is possible4--,l my %irt8--,:y1 ! body is ! bass1 ! sleeves are two trebles--! ruffles are %akes & fl\ri%es--! ?ree buttons ( ! coll> are evid5tly ! common *ord4--,b1 a truce ) su* nons5se4--,!re are sc>ce any two ?+s 9 ! _w b may be made to resemble ea* o!r4 ,p]mit me to %ew ! slightness ( ano!r receiv$ op9ion conc]n+ music4 8,:at passion _c music raise or quell80 says ,dryd51 or ,pope1 ,i =get :i*3 & ! same ?\ght is s (t5 express$ by o!r poets1 & s g5]ally adopt$ by all au?ors ^u ?is subject1 t x w\ld be a bold attempt to contradict x1 7 !re n an imm$iate appeal to g5]al feel+1 :i* ,i hope is sup]ior to all au?ority4 ,?us support$ !n1 ,i ask 9 my turn--8,:at passion c music raise or quell80 ,:o ev] felt himself affect$1 o!rwise ?an ) pleasure1 at ^? /ra9s :i* are suppos$ to inspire grief--rage--joy--or pity8 & ?is1 9 a degree1 equal to ! goodness ( ! composition & p]=mance4 ,! effect ( music1 9 ?is in/ance1 is j ! same z ( poetry4 ,we att5d--are pleas$--delight$--transport$--& :5 ! he>t c be> no m1 8gl[1 tremble1 & weep40 ,all ^! are b diff]5t degrees ( pure pleasure4 ,:5 a poet or musician has produc$ ?is la/ effect1 he has atta9$ ! utmo/ 9 ! p[] ( poetry or music4 ,te>s be+ a g5]al expression ( grief1 pa91 & pity2 & music1 :5 9 its p]fection1 produc+ !m1 has occasion$ ! mi/ake1 ( its rais+ ! passions ( grief1 c4 ,b te>s1 9 fact1 are no?+ b ! me*anical effect ( e /rong affection ( ! he>t1 & produc$ by all ! passions2 ev5 joy & rage4 ,x is ?is effect1 & ! pleasurable s5sation toge!r1 :i* ,(fian 7:e!r anci5t or mod]n ,i c>e n7 calls ! 8joy ( grief40----,x is ?is effect1 :5 produc$ by "s gr& image1 :i* ,dr4 ,blair1 8 ,critic1 /yles ! 8sublime pa!tic40 ,i h *os5 to illu/rate ^! obs]vations f poetry r ?an f music1 because x is m g5]ally und]/ood1 & easi] to quote--b ! pr9ciple is equal 9 bo? ! arts4 ,adieu4 ,,lett] ,,xviii4 ,y\r pictures came safe--my op9ion ( !m y w 9 "p "k f ! foll[+ obs]vations1 :i*1 ?\gh made on ano!r occasion1 are equally applicable to ?is4 ,!re is 9 l&scape-pa9t+ & novel-writ+ a fault committ$ by "s ( ! be/ arti/s & au?ors1 :i* is z yet unnam$1 because p]haps unnotic$1 p]mit me to call x a bad association4 ,9 a l&scape1 x is n suffici5t t all ! objects are su* z may well be f\nd toge!r4--,9 a /ory1 x is n en\gh t ! incid5ts are su* z may well happ5--x is necess>y 9 bo?1 t all ! circum/ances %\ld be ( ! same family4 ,suppose a l&scape _h = its subject "o ( ,gasp> ,p\ss9's ,views ( ,tivoli--n[1 ?o' !re is no?+ m natural ?an to f9d mills by runn+ wat]1 yet a mill is n an object t c possibly agree ) ! o!r p>ts ( ! picture4 ,suppose 9 a l&scape ( ,ruysdale !re 7 introduc$ ! ru9s ( a temple2 ?o' a temple may be prop]ly plac$ 9 a wood ne> wat]1 yet x does n suit ! ru/ic simplicity ( ! pictures ( ?is arti/4--,give ! mill to ,ruysdale & ! temple to ,gasp>--all w be "r4 ,^! two pa9t]s 7 ! mo/ p]fect 9 _! diff]5t /yles t ev] exi/$4 ,bo? =m$ !mselves ^u ! /udy ( nature1 bo? 7 correct1 bo? excell5t2 & yet s totally diff]5t f ea* o!r1 t !re are sc>ce any p>ts ( ! pictures ( "o1 t w be> be+ introduc$ into ^? ( ! o!r4 ,claude's magnific5t ideas frequ5tly betray$ him into a bad association4----,l>ge gr& masses ( trees agree b ill ) sea & %ips1 unless !y are remov$ to a di/ance4--,an ,engli% pa9t]1 :o =m$ himself ^u ! /udy ( ,gasp>1 took 8 trees1 rocks1 & o!r circum/ances f t ma/]1 b 8 build+s f ! ,g>d9]'s huts at ,new+ton4 ,a /ory :i* proce$s ^u a regul> circumscrib$ plan1 *iefly consi/+ ( dialogue & s5tim5t1 :]e ! sc5e is laid 9 ,london1 & ! *>act]s su* z are natural to ! place2 has a bad association if ! au?or goes to ,africa 9 que/ ( adv5tures4 ,on ! o!r h&1 a novel :i* sets out ^u ! pr9ciple ( v>iety1 & :]e a frequ5t *ange ( place is necess>y to ! execution ( ! design1 has a bad association if ! au?or 9 any "p ( x quits adv5ture = s5tim5t or satire4 ,& yet1 ?is has be5 done by ,field+ & ,smollet1 ! two be/ novel-writ]s ( ! age4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,end ,,( ,,! ,,fir/ ,,volume4 ,transcrib]'s ,notes3 - ,text enclos$ by und]scores is 9 italics 7italics74 - ,text enclos$ by equals is 9 gesp]rt 7gesp]rt74 - ,blank pages h be5 remov$4 - ,sil5tly correct$ typographical errors4 - ,spell+ & hyph5ation v>iations made consi/5t4 - ,a/]isk r[s at ! />t or end ( "s lett]s h be5 remov$ z ,i c\ld n det]m9e any purpose or consi/5cy4