,,hi/ory ,,( ,,! ,,h>v>d ,,college ,,obs]vatory ,,dur+ ,,! ,,p]iod #ahdj-ahij4 ,,by ,,daniel ,w4 ,,bak]4 ,repr9t$ f ! ,bo/on ,ev5+ ,travell]4 ,,cambridge4 #ahij4 ,,preface4 ,a c>eful /udy ( ! e>ly hi/ory ( ! ,h>v>d ,college ,obs]vatory has be5 made by ,mr4 ,,daniel ,w4 ,,bak]4 ,_m facts 7 ?us br\ght to light :i* _h n appe>$ 9 pr9t4 ,a s]ies ( newspap] articles 0 accord+ly prep>$1 :i* 7 publi%$ 9 ! ,bo/on 8,ev5+ ,travell]0 on six successive ,saturdays1 beg9n+ ,augu/ #b1 #ahij4 ,mu* ( ?is mat]ial appe>+ to be ( suffici5t value = pres]vation 9 a m p]man5t =m1 x has be5 repr9t$ 9 ! pres5t pamphlet1 ) slight alt]ations1 & ) ! addition ( ! illu/rations giv5 on page #be4 ,! p>ts numb]$ ,,iv4 & ,v4 orig9ally appe>$ toge!r z a s+le article4 ,reproductions h be5 made ( "s ( ! illu/rations4 ,! articles 7 orig9ally address$1 n to pr(essional a/ronom]s1 b to ! g5]al public1 & are to be reg>d$ z a popul> description ( ! "w accompli%$ at ! ,h>v>d ,college ,obs]vatory dur+ ! fir/ fifty ye>s ( its exi/5ce4 ,,edw>d ,c4 ,,pick]+4 ,,h>v>d ,,college ,,obs]vatory1 ,septemb] #ac1 #ahij4 ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,! ,,h>v>d ,,college ,,obs]vatory4 #ahdj-ahij4 ,! pres5t is ! semi-c5t5nial ye> ( ! ,h>v>d ,college ,obs]vatory4 ,a precise date _c be nam$ = ! beg9n+1 b 9 ! e>ly mon?s ( ! ye> #ahdj ! in/itution 0 gradually organiz$1 & be=e midsumm] became a tangible fact & a work+ adjunct ( ! college4 ,:ile ! fir/ a/ronomical obs]vation is ( record ,dec4 #ca1 #ahci1 x is well kn[n t ! obs]vatory _h n !n an (ficial /aff1 ! appo9tm5t ( ! fir/ director be+ ( date ,feb4 #ab1 #ahdj1 & ! confirmation by ! ,bo>d ( ,ov]se]s some:at lat]4 ,moreov]1 ?is p>ticul> obs]vation & o!rs imm$iately foll[+ 7 made 9 cont9uation ( "w begun else:]e & n id5tifi$ ) ! college affairs4 ,! advance made 9 a/ronomical sci5ce dur+ ! #ej ye>s pa/ is among ! wond]ful facts compris$ 9 ! record ( ! #ai? c5tury1 & x is true t s9ce x became fairly organiz$ & equipp$1 ,h>v>d ,college ,obs]vatory has be5 9 ! front rank 9 ! m>*4 ,a review ( ?is progress s f> z p]ta9+ to ! in/itution at ,cambridge1 is1 !re=e1 timely4 ,a hi/ory ( #ej ye>s1 embody+ s _m facts ( ! fir/ importance & int]e/ z does ?is1 _c1 ev5 ) ! mo/ resolute purpose z respects brevity1 be dispos$ ( 9 a s+le *apt]4 ,?is1 accord+ly1 w be ! fir/ ( a s]ies4 ,! read] may be assur$ at ! outset t ! topics to be t\*$ ^u are v>i\s & 9 !mselves attractive1 & t1 s f> z possible1 te*nicalities w be %unn$4 ,reg>d+ ! p]iod ( beg9n+ j ref]r$ to z ! blossom+1 :5ce has foll[$ abundant fruitage1 x may be rem>k$ t a long "t pass$ betwe5 ! budd+ & ! blossom+1 & t indications ( ! fl[ ( a vital curr5t are recognizable at z remote a date z #agfa4 ,9 t ye> ! sloop own$ by ! prov9ce ( ,massa*usetts 0 fitt$ out at public co/ to convey ,pr(4 ,john ,w9?rop & o!rs connect$ ) ! college1 provid$ ) in/rum5ts belong+ to ! college1 to ,newf\ndl&1 = obs]vation ( a transit ( ,v5us4 ,9 #aghj1 not)/&+ ! f9ancial /raits incid5t to ! w>1 ! commonweal? provid$ a small vessel ( w>1 call$ a 8galley10 to take ,pr(4 ,samuel ,williams1 ( ! college1 & p>ty to ,p5obscot to obs]ve a total eclipse ( ! sun4 ,! fir/ def9ite record po9t+ to a college obs]vatory is ( date #ahje1 :5 ,john ,l[ell1 ! uncle ( t ,john ,l[ell :o f\nd$ ! ,l[ell ,in/itute1 be+ 9 ,p>is1 consult$ ) ,delambre1 an a/ronom] ( note1 & procur$ f him writt5 in/ructions z to suitable build+s & in/rum5ts = an obs]vatory4 ,?is docum5t 0 s5t to ! college au?orities at ,cambridge4 ,no (ficial action foll[$4 ,! next ( record is t ! college au?orities 9 #ahae appo9t$ a committee to consid] & report ^u an eligible plan = an obs]vatory4 ,?is is suppos$ to h be5 ! fir/ corporate action tak5 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 hav+ su* an object 9 view4 ,! do+s ( ?is committee are notable 9 two p>ticul>s1 at lea/4 ,!y br\ght into (ficial relations ) ! college = ! fir/ "t1 ! man :o 0 de/9$ to be ! build] & organiz] ( ! obs]vatory1 #be ye>s lat]1 ,william ,cran* ,bond4 ,he 0 ab\t to visit ,europe & 0 appo9t$ ! ag5t ( ! college to obta9 in=mation z to ! con/ruction & in/rum5tal equipm5t ( ! obs]vatory at ,gre5wi*1 & to make su* plans1 draw+s1 etc41 z w\ld enable him or ano!r to con/ruct an a/ronomical obs]vatory at ,cambridge2 also to asc]ta9 f ! mak]s ! co/ ( c]ta9 pr9cipal in/rum5ts l ^? at ,gre5wi*4 ,he p]=m$ ! s]vice & report$ 9 detail 9 ! foll[+ ye>4 ,t no?+ practical came ( x = a qu>t] ( a c5tury 0 n ow+ to ! w1 b comp>atively speak+1 to ! pov]ty ( ! college4 ,?is result foll[$1 h[ev]1--& x may be reckon$ ! second notable circum/ance--t1 ^u 8 return1 ,mr4 ,bond con/ruct$ ! model ( an a/ronomical dome1 ! op]ative plan ( :i* 0 ! same z t ( ! great dome1 built 9 #ahdd1 & :i* has be5 9 satisfactory use at ,cambridge to ! pres5t "t4 ,! *ief peculi>ity ( its me*anism is 9 ! me?od ( rotation by means ( smoo?ly-turn$ sph]es ( iron4 ,! dome re/s on ^! at equi-di/ant po9ts1 &1 be+ set 9 motion by suitable ge>+1 ! iron balls su/a9+ its weight roll along a level circul> track ( iron1 ! circumf]5ce ( :i* is equal to t ( ! dome4 ,! me?od 0 unlike t previ\sly 9 use4 ,x appe>s to h be5 orig9al ) ,mr4 ,bond1 z is p]haps ev9c$ by a rem>k 9 8 report = #ahdh ref]r+ to ! matt]3 8,if c>efully exam9$1 x w be f\nd t ?is arrangem5t is z p]fect 9 !ory z x is appropriate & conv5i5t 9 practice40 ,exp]i5ce has %[n t sph]es ( h>d bronze are m s]viceable ?an ^? ( iron1 & bronze is n[ us$4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,dana ,,h\se4 ,! record indicates t an obs]vatory did n cease to be a covet$ object at any "t dur+ ! #be ye>s prior to #ahdj4 ,two antec$5t ev5ts1 9 !mselves ( importance1 comb9$ to br+ ! long *]i%$ project to a happy issue1--! accession ( ,josiah ,qu9cy to ! presid5cy ( ! college & ! action ( ,congress 9 au?oriz+ :at came to be popul>ly kn[n z ! 8,wilkes ,explor+ ,exp$ition40 ,! purpose ( ! exp$ition 9 "p 0 to e/abli% ! latitudes & longitudes ( un*>t$ places 9 di/ant p>ts ( ! _w :]e ,am]ican comm]ce 0 ext5d+1 & 9 "p to inve/igate natural ph5om5a1 includ+ ! facts ( t]re/rial magnetism4 ,hav+1 aft] mu* delay1 got an adequate appropriation1 ! naval dep>tm5t employ$ ! be/ available tal5t ( ! c\ntry = ! conduct ( ! ent]prise4 ,mr4 ,bond 0 engag$ to make at 8 private obs]vatory 9 ,dor*e/]1 ,mass41 inve/igations to fix a z]o ( longitude1 :5ce f9al ref]5ce to ,gre5wi* might be _h1 & to make a cont9u\s record ( magnetic obs]vations at ,dor*e/] = comp>ison ) l records obta9$ at di/ant po9ts by ! exp$ition itself4 ,z prelim9>y to ! latt] "w1 ,mr4 ,bond te/$ 9 an isolat$ obs]vatory 9 ,dor*e/] ! magnetic in/rum5ts ) :i* ! exp$ition 0 to be equipp$4 ,mr4 ,bond's tal5ts 7 z well kn[n at ,cambridge z at ,wa%+ton4 ,:at ,mr4 ,qu9cy did 9 ! premises c be/ be /at$ 9 8 own words3 8,e>ly 9 ! ye> #ahci1 ! explor+ exp$ition !n be+ 9 ! ,s\!rn ocean1 x occurr$ to ! presid5t ( ! univ]sity t if ,mr4 ,bond c\ld be induc$ to transf] 8 resid5ce & app>atus to ,cambridge & pursue 8 obs]vations !re1 "u ! auspices ( ! univ]sity1 x w\ld h an important influ5ce 9 cle>+ ! way = an e/abli%m5t ( an effici5t obs]vatory 9 connection ) t sem9>y1 by ! increase ( ! app>atus at its comm&1 by ! int]e/ :i* ! obs]vations mak+ by ,mr4 ,bond 7 calculat$ to excite1 &1 by draw+ ! att5tion ( ! citiz5s ( ,bo/on & its vic9ity to ! great inadequacy ( ! means possess$ by ! univ]sity = effici5t a/ronomical obs]vations1 create a desire & a disposition to supply !m40 ,?is proposition1 ,mr4 ,qu9cy says 9 ano!r connection1 he made )\t hav+ consult$ ) ! corporation4 ,t body sanction$ 8 action by mak+ a =mal contract ) ,mr4 ,bond1 ( date ,nov4 #cj1 #ahci1 ! agreem5t on ,mr4 ,bond's "p be+ to make ! transf] z propos$4 ,/eps 7 at once tak5 by ! college au?orities to secure a subscription ( #ajj ea* f #cj diff]5t g5tlem51 :i* sum 0 appli$1 "u ,mr4 ,bond's direction1 9 alt]ations & additions to a dwell+ h\se own$ by ! college & kn[n z ! 8,dana h\se40 ,x /ill /&s ^u its orig9al site at ! junction ( ,qu9cy & ,h>v>d /reets1 ! lot be+ ! s\!a/ corn] ( :at are di/9ctively call$ 8! college gr\nds40 ,! cupola :i* cr[ns ! ro( is a rem9d] & pro( ( a "p ( ^! alt]ations3 = )9 x 0 set up "o ( ! telescopes ( ! fir/ college obs]vatory1 ! cupola :5 con/ruct$ be+ suitably dom$ = ! purpose4 ,some?+ practical 9 a/ronomy _h always be5 taught 9 ! college c\rse4 ,9 ?is way1 or possibly by ,mr4 ,bond himself1 ! position ( ,h>v>d ,hall on ! college gr\nds _h be5 det]m9$4 ,?us1 9 a pap] publi%$ by him 9 #ahcc 9 ! ,memoirs ( ! ,am]ican ,academy1 he gives ! position ( 8 obs]vatory 9 ,dor*e/] z 8#j-c-ae ea/ ( ,h>v>d ,hall 9 ,cambridge40 ,t ! a/ronomical equipm5t possess$ by ! college be=e ,mr4 ,bond's com+ did n am\nt to ! beg9n+ ( a prop] obs]vatory1 suffici5tly appe>s by a contempor>y lett] ( ,pr(4 ,joseph ,lov]+1 writt5 9 response to an (ficial inquiry4 ,he says t ! college _h at ! "t 8no in/rum5t ( mu* value = det]m9+ ei!r "t or position1 & no place m conv5i5t = us+ in/rum5ts ?an an op5 field1 or a w9d[ :i* might accid5tally op5 9 ! "r direction40 ,he gives ! inv5tory1 compris+ an a/ronomical clock1 :i*1 he says1 _c be reli$ on = accurate "t2 a small transit in/rum5t1 :i* at "o "t 0 loan$ to ,dr4 ,b[dit*1 b return$1 he hav+ f\nd x ( little value2 two reflect+ telescopes ( ?ree feet & two feet focal l5g?2 & a refractor ( ?ree feet focal1 :i* ?ree1 he says1 8answ]$ dec5tly well = %[+ ! moon1 ,jupit]'s satellites1 ,saturn's r+1 etc41 to ! /ud5ts1 b 7 v imp]fect = any nice obs]vation40 ,^!1 ) an a/ronomical quadrant & a common quadrant1 complete ! li/4 ,! li/ ( in/rum5ts br\ght by ,mr4 ,bond does n appe> 9 ! pr9t$ records1 b 9 ! pap] above ref]r$ to he names 8 in/rum5ts us$ at ,dor*e/] z a ,gregorian reflector ( #cj in*es focus1 equatorially m\nt$1 an a*romatic telescope ( #dj in*es focus1 a ,borda's circle1 a ,ramsd5's sextant1 & two transit clocks4 ,! clocks he describes z 8excell5t10 & says t !y _h m]curial p5dulums4 ,9 ! e>ly obs]vations ( ,mr4 ,bond at ,cambridge1 priority 0 giv5 to ! "w begun at ,dor*e/] = ! naval dep>tm5t4 ,9 ! college record a consid]able "p ( ! r\t9e is class$ z meteorology1 ) ref]5ce1 *iefly1 to ! e>?'s magnetism4 ,! s*eme ( obs]vation 9 ?is dep>tm5t 01 h[ev]1 mu* broad5$1 & 9 ?is ! obs]vatory appe>s to h p]=m$ its fir/ notable s]vice to pure sci5ce & to h assum$ a place t gave x int]national recognition4 ,= ^! obs]vations ! be/ kn[n app>atus 0 procur$ & put into s]vice 9 a build+ on ! college gr\nds set at a di/ance f ! ,dana h\se1 b connect$ !re) by a cov]$ way4 ,x 0 kn[n z ! 8,lloyd app>atus40 ,x consi/$ *iefly ( ?ree magnetomet]s1 "o = indicat+ decl9ation1 "o = horizontal =ce & ! ?ird = v]tical =ce4 ,x 0 ! product ( ! same firm 9 ,engl& :i* _h made l in/rum5ts = ! ,briti% gov]nm5t = use at meteorological /ations at ,gre5wi*1 ,eng41 ,toronto1 ,c41 ,/4 ,hel5a1 ,cape ( ,good ,hope1 ,bombay1 ,madras1 ,s+apore & ,van ,diem5's ,l&4 ,! magnetic obs]vations at ,cambridge 7 conduct$ accord+ to ! same =mula z t 9 use at ^! ,briti% /ations1 ) a purpose ( co-op]ation4 ,9 ?is cosmical inve/igation ! ,g]man ,meteorological ,association1 hav+ _m obs]vatories "u its direction1 & ! ,russian gov]nm5t1 hav+ magnetic /ations at v>i\s po9ts betwe5 ! bord]s ( ,*9a & ! ,arctic ,circle1 jo9$4 ,?is ,lloyd app>atus 0 ! gift ( ! ,am]ican ,academy ( ,arts & ,sci5ces1 by vote ( ,april #bb1 #ahdj1 & 0 ( ! value ( #ajjj4 ,illu/ration3 ,,ma9 ,,obs]vatory ,,build+1 ,,%[+ ,,! ,,director',s ,,resid5ce ,,& ,,! ,,great ,,dome4 ,_m int]e/+ p>ticul>s ( ! e>ly days ( ,h>v>d ,college obs]vatory are giv5 9 ! fir/ volume ( pr9t$ annals ( ! in/itution4 ,9 ! read+ an ess5tial fact is to be kept 9 m9d1 ! diff]5ce ( ! pecuni>y /&>ds ( t & ! pres5t "t4 ,! writ] ( an (ficial docum5t ( #ahdc1 01 9 view ( t diff]5ce1 nei!r inexact nor ironical :5 he *>act]iz$ a conditional (f] ( #ejjj = ! obs]vatory1 made t ye> by ,hon4 ,david ,se>s1 z 8a munific5t proposal40 ,x 0 soon f\nd t ! ,dana h\se site w\ld s]ve only tempor>ily1 & on ,sept4 #d1 #ahda1 action 0 tak5 = ! build+ ( a p]man5t obs]vatory4 ,soon aft]w>ds ! pres5t obs]vatory gr\nds1 !n kn[n z 8,summ] ,h\se hill10 7 b\ght4 ,up to ?is "t a/ronomical "w _h be5 c>ri$ on at ! ,dana h\se to ! ext5t possible ) ! few in/rum5ts ( precision at comm&1 mu* ( x by ,mr4 ,w4 ,c4 ,bond1 ,jr41 ^: decease1 9 #ahdb1 0 reg>d$ a loss to sci5ce4 ,! contract ( ! s5ior ,mr4 ,bond ) ! ,unit$ ,/ates gov]nm5t end$ 9 #ahdb1 & 9 ,july ( t ye> a movem5t 0 made hav+ 9 view ! pur*ase ( a fir/-class telescope1 b x 0 a matt] ( inquiry z to co/1 etc41 only4 ,"u ord9>y circum/ances :at 0 ?us s\ght =1 a prop] obs]vatory build+ & a telescope equal to ! m difficult problems ( a/ronomy1 w\ld h be5 sl[ly arriv$ at4 ,b e>ly 9 ,m>*1 #ahdc1 ! great comet ( t ye> sudd5ly appe>$ 9 ! ev5+ sky1 ne> to ! sun4 ,x 0 an a/oni%+ ph5om5on1 & wr\ght ! popul> z well z ! sci5tific m9d into a /ate ( excitem5t4 ,! comet _h pass$ p]ihelion on ,feb4 #bg1 & 0 se5 at "o place 9 ,new ,engl& on ! #bh?1 close to ! sun4 ,dur+ its brighte/ p]iod x 0 visible 9 ! daytime at "o place 9 ?is section ( ! c\ntry f #g4cj ,a4,m4 to #c ,p4,m41 :5 cl\ds int]v5$2 & 9 ,mexico f #i ,a4,m4 till sunset4 ,x pass$ b ab\t #ij1jjj miles f ! sun's surface & ?r\gh m ?an #cjj1jjj miles ( ! sun's corona1 its velocity !n be+ #cej miles p] second4 ,its head 0 small1 b its tail l>ge & brilliant4 ,! total light emitt$ by ! meteor is /at$ by ,pr(4 ,loomis to h be5 equal to t ( ! moon at midnight 9 a cle> sky4 ,by ! telescope its tail c\ld be trac$ ov] a comput$ di/ance ( #ajh1jjj1jjj miles1 s t _h x be5 po9t$ t[>ds ! e>? x w\ld h pass$ ?r\gh ! planet's atmosph]e & #ae1jjj1jjj miles beyond4 ,! pr(essor names z its notable *>act]i/ics 8its small p]ihelion di/ance1 ne>ly z small z is physically possible1 & its prodigi\s l5g? ( tail40 ,x cont9u$ visible into ! foll[+ mon?4 ,x is kn[n 9 ! books z 8! great comet ( #ahdc10 b = reasons :i* w appe>1 x might well be call$ 8! ,h>v>d comet40 ,! fri5ds ( ! "y in/itution at ,cambridge p]ceiv$ t ! mom5t 0 opportune = an appeal to ! money$ public4 ,! preval5t curiosity z to ! visitor c\ld n be gratifi$ by ! obs]v]s at ! ,dana h\se4 ,!y _h no in/rum5ts fit = ! occasion4 ,an altitude-&-azimu? in/rum5t1 :i* _h be5 us$ 9 ! /ate survey ( #ahca1 0 borr[$ & m\nt$ 9 ! cupola1 & ?us1 on ,m>* #i1 an obs]vation 0 fir/ made2 b no?+ came ( ! endeavor1 x be+ f\nd impossible to secure p]man5t adju/m5ts4 ,! next ?+ done 0 to call a meet+ ( citiz5s 9 ,bo/on4 ,! *airman 0 ,hon4 ,abbot ,lawr5ce4 ,addresses 7 made by ,hon4 ,john ,pick]+1 ,pr(4 ,b5jam9 ,peirce1 ,hon4 ,william ,appleton & ,hon4 ,s4 ,a4 ,eliot4 ,a f9ancial committee 0 appo9t$1 & subscriptions to ! am\nt ( #be1jjj 7 obta9$ 9 ,bo/on1 ,salem1 ,new ,b$=d & ,nantucket4 ,?us enc\rag$1 ! (ficial bo>d ( ! college negotiat$ = ! pur*ase ( ! be/ telescope t c\ld be produc$ 9 ,europe1 a refractor ( #ae in*es ap]ture1 equatorially m\nt$1 ! mak]s be+ ,m]z ,mahl] ( ,muni*4 ,! spot = build+ a massive /one support+ pi] on ,summ] ,h\se hill 0 fix$ ,aug4 #ab1 #ahdc1 & gr\nd 0 brok5 = ! "w on ,aug4 #ae4 ,^! 7 ! exp]i5ces :i* ,pr(4 ,b5jam9 ,peirce _h 9 m9d :5 9 lat] ye>s he spoke 9 eulogy ( ,pr(4 ,bond1 !n deceas$1 9 phrase :i* is bo? ( hi/orical & biographical int]e/4 ,hav+ m5tion$ "s ( ! e>ly difficulties1 he said3 8,:51 9 #ahci1 ,mr4 ,bond 0 drawn to ,cambridge by ! /rong h& ( ,presid5t ,qu9cy1 :5 ! cause ( ! obs]vatory 0 und]tak5 by ! unfl9*+ & irresi/ible vigor ( our fri5d ,j4 ,+]soll ,b[dit*1 :5 ev5 ! heav5s came to our assi/ance1 & t wond]ful comet ( #ahdc excit$ mo/ opportunely a univ]sal int]e/ 9 cele/ial ph5om5a1--x 0 !n app>5t t ! affection = ,mr4 ,bond 0 ! *ief /r5g? ( ! occasion1 & to t we 7 ma9ly indebt$ = ! successful attempt to obta9 ! unrivall$ equatorial & to lay ! f\ndations ( ! obs]vatory40 ,no prop] biography ( ,mr4 ,bond1 ^: c>e] 0 an honor to 8 c\ntry1 has ev] be5 publi%$4 ,a sket*1 ! facts = :i* h l>gely be5 d]iv$ f orig9al s\rces1 may fitt+ly be giv5 z ! next numb] 9 ?is s]ies4 ,,ii4 ,a casual glance at ! circum/ances ( ! beg9n+ ( ! fam\s obs]vatory 9 ! neighbor+ city ( ,cambridge w %[ t a mo/ important contribution to ! success ( t ent]prise 0 made by ! fir/ director ( ! obs]vatory1 ,pr(4 ,w4 ,c4 ,bond4 ,! m dilig5tly ^? circum/ances are /udi$1 ! /rong] w be ! conviction t 8 "w1 :ile x 0 t ( design] & organiz]1 0 also some:at bett] 9 ! s5se ( be+ m r>e 9 quality2 t 8 pres5ce & en?usiasm gave ! in/itution vitality4 ,! record ( 8 life gives him title to rank among em95t ,am]icans4 ,william ,cran* ,bond 0 born 9 ,portl&1 ,me41 ,sept4 #i1 #aghi4 ,he 0 ! y\nge/ son ( ,william & ,hannah 7,cran*7 ,bond1 :o 7 natives ( ,engl&4 ,! family 0 ( di/9ction !re1 & is g5ealogically traceable to ! "t ( ,william ! ,conqu]or1 or e>li]4 ,! ,br&on manor is said to h be5 grant$ by t mon>* to ! ance/or ( ?is l9e1 & to h be5 held by ! family ?r\gh _m g5]ations4 ,william ,bond 0 born ,9 ,plym\?1 ,eng4 ,ri*>d ,cran*1 an uncle ( ,hannah1 settl$ 9 ,bra9tree1 ,mass1 9 #agea4 ,! "n1 9 himself & 8 desc5dants1 became di/+ui%$ 9 ! annals ( ! prov9ce & commonweal?4 ,f him ,william ,bond receiv$ in=mation :i* induc$ him to emigrate to ?is c\ntry4 ,he locat$ = bus9ess purposes at ,portl&1 !n ,falm\?1 & engag$ 9 cutt+ %ip-timb] at ,fr5*man's bay1 s5d+ ! commodity to ,engl&4 ,he made a voyage !nce to ,engl&1 return+ ) 8 wife & eld] *ildr54 ,! timb] bus9ess prov$ 9 ! end unpr(itable & he remov$ to ,bo/on 9 #agic1 :]e he e/abli%$ himself 9 8 vocation ( clockmak] & silv]smi?1 8 /& be+ at ! corn] ( ,milk & ,m>lboro1 n[ ,wa%+ton /reet4 ,! y\? ( ,william ,c4 ,bond 01 accord+ly1 sp5t 9 ,bo/on1 :]e he _h su* education z ! common s*ools af=d$4 ,inde$1 t he did n h fully t privilege1 may be inf]r$ f 8 rem>k quot$ by ,josiah ,qu9cy1 t pecuni>y re/rictions 8oblig$ me to become an appr5tice to my fa!r be=e ,i _h le>n$ ! multiplication table40 ,ma9ly he 0 self-taught1 ?\gh d\btless he d]iv$ in/ruction f 8 fa!r1 :o 0 a well-in=m$ man1 & f "s ( ! ,cran* relatives1 :o 7 ( good education4 ,! traditions ( ! family & ! facts ( 8 c>e]1 indicate 8 m5tal quality to h be5 t ( g5ius1 "o trait ( :i* is t x absorbs cong5ial k f unpromis+ mat]ials & amid/ adv]se conditions4 ,illu/ration3 ,,pr(4 ,w4 ,c4 ,,bond4 ,8 elde/ si/] wrote ( him z hav+ be51 at ! age ( #ad1 8a sl5d] boy ) s(t gray eyes & silky1 br[n hair1 quick to obs]ve1 yet %r9k+ f notice1 & s5sitive to excess40 ,%e adds1 9 ref]5ce to 8 e>ly-develop$ ta/es3 8,! fir/ t ,i rememb]1 0 8 int5se anxiety ab\t ! expect$ total eclipse ( ! sun ( ,june #af1 #ahjf4 ,he _h !n no in/rum5t ( 8 own1 b wat*$ ! ev5t f a h\se-top on ,summ] /reet ?r\gh a telescope belong+ to ,mr4 ,francis ,gray1 to :i*1 someh[1 he got access4 ,9 s do+ he injur$ 8 eyes & = a long "t 0 tr\bl$ 9 8 vision40 ,an eld] bro!r writes ,( him at ?is e>ly p]iod3 8,he 0 ! milde/ & be/-temp]$ boy ,i ev] knew1 & 8 rem>kable me*anical g5ius %[$ itself v e>ly40 ,he adds t 9 devis+ & mak+ bits ( app>atus t boys use 9 _! sports1 ,william 0 *ief among 8 comrades4 ,8 e>ly appr5tice%ip 9 ! clockmak+ bus9ess und\bt$ly gave a =tunate discipl9e to ?is natural +5uity1 by conf9+ 8 exp]im5ts pretty closely to ! facilities ( 8 fa!r's work%op z to tools & mat]ials4 ,he f\nd or made 8idle "t0 en\gh be=e he 0 #ae ye>s old to con/ruct a reliable %op *ronomet]4 ,x _h to be a fixture1 = lack+ a suitable spr+ he contriv$ to run x by weights4 ,:5 he 0 ab\t #af ye>s ( age he made a good work+ quadrant out ( ebony & boxwood1 ! only mat]ials he _h4 ,8 son1 ,g4 ,p4 ,bond1 wrote ( ?is in/rum5t1 ye>s aft]w>ds3 8,x is no rude affair1 b e "p1 especially ! graduation1 ! mo/ difficult ( all1 %[s ! neatness1 pati5ce1 & accuracy ( a practis$ arti/4 ,a bett] witness to ! progress he _h already made 9 a/ronomy c\ld n be desir$4 ,x is all t ! mat]ials w\ld admit (1 & proves t he mu/ h be51 ev5 !n1 irrevocably devot$ to a/ronomy40 ,h[ ^! 8ecc5tricities ( g5ius0 7 look$ ^u by ! s5ior ,mr4 ,bond does n appe>1 b1 at any rate1 ,william 0 made a memb] ( ! firm ab\t ! date ( 8 majority1 & =?) ! clockmak+ bus9ess 0 exp&$ to include ! rat+1 repair+ & mak+ ( *ronomet]s4 ,a/ronomy c\ld n[ g h& 9 h& ) 8bus9ess40 ,he mu/ h _h ! means ( asc]ta9+ ! true local "t be=e he 0 himself own] ( an in/rum5t suit$ to t purpose4 ,he made 8 fir/ seago+ *ronomet] 9 #ahab1 & x 0 ! fir/ made 9 ,am]ica4 ,its engrav$ trade m>k 0 8,wm4 ,c4 ,bond1 #ahab40 ,x at once w5t into s]vice1 & satisfactorily /ood ! te/ ( a voyage to & f ! ,ea/ ,indies4 ,= mak+ ?is he _h a work+ model2 ! /ation>y or %op *ronomet] ( #ahjd 0 made accord+ to a description he f\nd 9 an old ,fr5* book ( a *ronomet] us$ by ,la ,p]\se1 ! navigator4 ,9 #ahaj ! bus9ess ( ! ,bonds 0 remov$ to ,congress /reet4 ,ab\t ! same "t ! family remov$ to ,dor*e/] :]e = a :ile !y occupi$1 z t5ants1 diff]5t h\ses4 ,mr4 ,bond himself said 9 8 lat] ye>s t :at fir/ gave him a det]m9ation = a/ronomy 0 8 exp]i5ce ( ! total eclipse ( #ahjf4 ,once ar\s$1 ! feel+ nev] ceas$ to h sway1 & x modifi$ all 8 bus9ess ambitions z a *ronomet] mak]4 ,b z su* an artisan he _h excuse 9 ! eyes ( ! practical m9d$ = 8 lov$ explorations into ! />ry dep?s4 ,9 ! lack ( prop] in/rum5ts 8 e>lie/ obs]vations 7 made by crude me?ods1 :i* yet gave pro( ( 8 orig9ality & ( ! fasc9ation :i* ! /udy _h = him4 ,x 0 soon aft] #ahaa t he fir/ ga9$ recognition f any "o compet5t to pass judgm5t ^u 8 ess5tial m5tal qualities4 ,on ,sept4 #d1 #ahaa1 ,pr(4 ,john ,f>r> ( ,h>v>d ,college fir/ caught sight ( a comet 9 ! we/]n sky4 ,he appe>s to h at once notifi$ ,dr4 ,na?aniel ,b[dit* ( ,salem1 & !y two1 & a few o!rs 9 ,new ,engl& :o _h telescopes1 trac$ its subsequ5t progress4 ,ea* ( ! two publi%$ an acc\nt ( 8 obs]vations 9 ! ,memoirs ( ! ,am]ican ,academy4 ,pr(4 ,f>r> hav+ giv5 9 8 introductory p>agraph ! date ( 8 fir/ obs]vation1 adds t ! comet _h be5 se5 e>li] by ,mr4 ,bond ( ,dor*e/]1 :om he calls 8,william ,bond1 ,jr410 & says t ,mr4 ,bond _h 8oblig+ly favor$0 him ) ! foll[+ notices3 ,i rem>k$ on ! #ba/ ( ,april a fa9t1 :iti% light ne> ! con/ellation ,canis ,major1 project+ a tail ab\t "o degree 9 l5g?1 & set d[n its place z foll[s3 ,"r asc5sion1 #ajf2 decl9ation1 #i ,s4 ,april #bd1 "r asc5sion1 #ajh2 decl9ation1 #g or #h ,s4 ,its motion & ! situation ( its tail conv9c$ me t x 0 a comet4 ,i notic$ x sev]al times 9 ,may1 & suppos$ t its motion 0 t[>d ! we/]n "p ( ! con/ellation ,leo4 ,by messages com+ 9 sail+ %ips x 0 le>n$ subsequ5tly to ,septemb] t ! comet _h be5 se5 9 ,europe on ,m>* #be4 ,its p]ihelion passage 0 ,septemb] #ab1 #ahaa4 ,! eld] bro!r already quot$ says ( ^! e>ly days3 8,i suppose x w\ld cause ! a/ronom] royal to laugh c\ld he see ! fir/ transit in/rum5t us$ by u at ,dor*e/]1 a /rip ( brass nail$ to ! ea/ end ( ! h\se1 ) a hole 9 x to see a fix$ /> & note its transit2 ?is 9 #ahac4 ,:5 we mov$ into ! ,hawes h\se1 he procur$ a good granite block2 we dug a deep hole & plac$ x at ! we/ end ( ! h\se & got ,mr4 ,alg] to ca/ a /& = ! transit in/rum5t1 a small "o1 :i* ,i ?9k belong$ to ,h>v>d ,college4 ,f ?is "t he began to live among ! />s40 ,! facts ?us record$ ( ! beg9n+ ( ,mr4 ,bond's c>e] %[ 8 zeal & wat*fulness z an amateur 9 a/ronomy1 & t up to ! date ( ! comet's appe>ance1 & lat]1 he _h no p]sonal acqua9tance ) m5 ( sci5ce 9 ! vic9ity1 s9ce he in=m$ none ( !m ( :at he _h se54 ,:51 mon?s aft]w>ds1 ,pr(4 ,f>r> inquir$ ab\t x1 ! "y discov]] 0 able to report f 8 memor&a no m ?an ! degrees ( position1 )\t ! m9utes & seconds1 & to say t he 8suppos$0 ! comet to be mov+ t[>ds ! con/ellation ,leo1 circum/ances indicat+ t a /rip ( brass ) a hole 9 x & a home-made boxwood quadrant 7 all t 0 a/ronomically 9 use at ,dor*e/] z late z #ahaa4 ,t ?is exp]i5ce ) ! comet 0 a =tunate turn+ po9t 9 ,mr4 ,bond's c>e] is ev9c$ by ,pr(4 ,f>r>'s g5ial recognition 9 ! pap] publi%$ 9 ! organ ( ,am]ican ,sci5ce1 :]e he might excusably h ignor$ s crude a record z t :i* 0 ! be/ ,mr4 ,bond c\ld supply1 & by ! appe>ance n long aft]w>ds1 at ! we/ end ( ! ,hawes h\se 9 ,dor*e/]1 ( a loan$ telescope belong+ to ,h>v>d ,college4 ,!re is no d\bt t :atev] previ\sly _h be5 lack+ ( opportunity to ga9 k ( ! te*nics ( a/ronomical sci5ce 0 n[ fully )9 8 rea* & t h5ce=? he _h ! be/ possible ( in/ructors & c\nsellors s f> z he _h occasion = any4 ,mr4 ,george ,p4 ,bond writes ( 8 fa!r3 8,he has m5tion$ ! names ( ,dr4 ,na?aniel ,b[dit*1 ,pr(4 ,f>r> & ,tutor ,clapp z ^? f :om he receiv$ mo/ enc\ragem5t to cont9ue ! cultivation ( a/ronomy4 ,^u 8 fri5dly int]c\rse ) ! em95t ma!matician & a/ronom] fir/ nam$ he (t5 dwelt ) peculi> pleasure & w>m? ( feel+40 ,! "n ( "o o!r ( ! godfa!rs ( ! "y sci5ti/ is entitl$ to be m5tion$1 t ( ,josiah ,qu9cy4 ,! lady above quot$ gives an acc\nt ( ! sett+ up ( ! fir/ telescope at ,dor*e/] by h] bro!r1 & says t ?r\gh x c\ld be se5 ! satellites ( ,jupit] & ! r+s ( ,saturn4 ,%e adds t 9 ! pursuit ( a/ronomy up to ?is p]iod 8he _h _h no assi/ance :atev] except f ! g5ial k9dness ( ,hon4 ,josiah ,qu9cy1 :o _h e>ly recogniz$ ! future a/ronom] 9 ! unpret5d+ boy 9 ! wat*mak]'s %op on ,congress /reet1 & ^: k9dness & enc\ragem5t nev] fail$ ?r\gh\t ! subsequ5t ye>s40 ,t ^! m5 f\nd _! patronage to h be5 well be/[$ is manife/ f ! action tak5 f\r ye>s aft] ! date ( ! comet by ! college 9 mak+ ,mr4 ,bond its delegate & ag5t4 ,! bo>d ( t ye> consi/$ ( ,presid5t ,kirkl&1 ,john ,la?rop1 ,d4,d41 ,*ri/oph] ,gore1 ,,ll4,d41 ,john ,davis1 ,,ll4,d41 ,john ,l[ell1 ,,ll4,d41 & ,john ,phillips4 ,x is ( record t ! mov+ spirits 9 ! matt] 7 ,pr(4 ,f>r> & ,dr4 ,b[dit*1 & !y 7 appo9t$ a committee to prep>e te*nical writt5 in/ructions to ! ag5t z to ! g5]al scope ( 8 inquiry4 ,dur+ 8 visit abroad1 ,mr4 ,bond m>ri$ 8 c\s91 ,sel9a ,cran*1 ( ,k+sbridge1 9 ,devon%ire1 ! date be+ ,july #ah1 #ahai4 ,soon aft] 8 return he pur*as$ a h\se ne> to 8 fa!r's resid5ce 9 ,dor*e/]1 & erect$ on ! premises a small wood5 build+1 :i* he c>efully equipp$ z an a/ronomical obs]vatory4 ,its position is t meant 9 ! (ficial ref]5ces to ! obs]vatory at ,dor*e/]1 & is ab\t #de feet s\!rly ( ! pres5t s\? l9e ( ,cottage /reet1 & #cfj feet s\!a/]ly ( ! c5tre ( ! ,new ,york ,new ,engl& railroad bridge1 ov] t /reet4 ,"h1 z "o ( 8 brief biograph]s rem>ks1 8no eclipse or occultation escap$ him1 ?\gh occupi$ 9 bus9ess dur+ ! day 9 ,bo/on10 & "h ,mr4 ,qu9cy f\nd him 9 #ahci1 busy 9 8 "w = ! ,navy ,dep>tm5t4 ,! p]iod :i* _h elaps$ s9ce ! sett+ ( ! granite block & ! pois+ ^u x ( ! borr[$ telescope _h be5 = ,mr4 ,bond "o ( con/ant & rapid advance 9 ! a/ronom]'s art4 ,! ,cottage /reet obs]vatory 0 built ab\t ! ye> #ahbc4 ,ref]r+ to ! p]iod betwe5 #ahbc1 or a little e>li]1 & #ahci1 ,mr4 ,g4 ,p4 ,bond writes ( 8 fa!r3 8,z soon z 8 circum/ances p]mitt$1 he import$ m p]fect app>atus f ,europe & cont9u$ to add to 8 collection until x 0 ! be/ 9 ! c\ntry40 ,& he adds ?is /atem5t1 :i* is highly sugge/ive z respects ! en?usiasm ) :i* ! accompli%$ & successful *ronomet] mak] ent]$ ^u ! broad] & l(ti] mission :i* de/9y _h 9 res]ve = him3 8,:5 appo9t$ by ! ,navy ,dep>tm5t to ! *>ge ( a/ronomical & o!r obs]vations1 he =?) laid out a sum ( money on in/rum5ts & build+s m ?an t5 times great] ?an ! annual sal>y 7to cont9ue b f\r ye>s71 :i* he _h himself propos$ z an adequate comp5sation = all necess>y exp5ses1 & 8 own "t1 besides40 ,dur+ a few ye>s prior to #ahcj1 he ga!r$ mat]ials = inve/igat+ ! comp>ative rates ( *ronomet]s at sea & on %ore4 ,subsequ5tly he communicat$ to ! ,am]ican ,academy ! results rea*$1 & 9 ?is pap] effectually dispos$ ( ! sci5tific "q involv$1 s f> z x relat$ to ! int]e/s ( navigation4 ,! au?ority = ?is /atem5t is ,mr4 ,g4 ,p4 ,bond1 :o also says t ab\t ! same "t 8 fa!r conduct$ a s]ies ( exp]im5ts to asc]ta9 ! influ5ce ( *anges ( temp]ature 9 ! pres5ce ( l>ge surfaces ( iron ^u ! p]=mance ( *ronomet]s2 & adds t 8al?\gh ! conclusions arriv$ at 7 at v>iance ) ! op9ions ( m5 high 9 au?ority 9 su* matt]s1 !y are n[ kn[n to be correct40 ,presid5t ,qu9cy1 9 mak+ 8 ov]ture1 0 deal+ ) no novice1 &1 c]ta9ly1 no /rang]4 ,"s intimation ( :at ,mr4 ,bond _h atta9$ to is conta9$ 9 ! rem>ks ( ,pr(4 ,b5jam9 ,peirce spok5 9 ! obitu>y proce$+s ( ! ,am]ican ,academy 9 #ahei1 consequ5t ^u ,mr4 ,bond's decease1 ?\gh ! ref]5ce is to a long] p]iod4 ,! in/rum5t allud$ to is ! great equatorial at ,cambridge4 ,pr(4 ,peirce said3 8,9 8 orig9al inve/igations he naturally re/ra9$ himself to ^? =ms ( obs]vation :i* 7 fully )9 ! rea* ( 8 own res\rces4 ,he did n1 !re=e1 seek ^? inquiries :i* c\ld only be accompli%$ by long1 intricate1 & pr(\nd ma!matical computations1 b pref]r$ ^? :i* 7 purely dep5d5t ^u ! ?or\gh discipl9e ( ! s5ses4 ,he consequ5tly avail$ himself less ( ! rem>kable capacity ( 8 in/rum5t = delicate & ref9$ measurem5ts ?an ( its exquisite optical qualities4 ,b :5 obs]vations 7 requir$ :i* mu/ be pass$ ov] to ! comput]1 8 skill 0 n want+ to ! occasion4 ,?us1 9 conjunction ) ,major ,graham1 he made t *oice s]ies ( obs]vations f :i* ! latitude ( ! obs]vatory 0 det]m9$40 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,bond ,,h\se1 ,,dor*e/]4 ,view look+ to ! s\?we/4 ,! ,obs]vatory /ood contigu\s to ! we/ end4 ,to ?is te/imony z to ,pr(4 ,bond's skill z an obs]v] maybe add$ t ( ,mr4 ,g4 ,p4 ,bond z to 8 dilig5ce & zeal3 8,!re is some?+ to my m9d appall+ 9 ! contemplation ( my fa!r's labors1 f ! "t :5 he 0 fir/ enabl$ to indulge freely 8 passion = obs]vation4 ,! accumulat$ volumes fill$ ) manuscript records give me a %udd] at ! ?\ght ( ! we>y frame & /ra9+ eye1 ! exposure1 & ! long1 sleepless nights t !y sugge/40 ,ex-,presid5t ,qu9cy1 ^u ! obitu>y occasion ref]r$ to1 made ?is int]e/+ /atem5t z to ! initiation ( 8 project = ,mr4 ,bond's removal to ,cambridge3 8,?is proposal1 s 9 unison ) 8 pursuits & tal5ts1 ,i expect$ w\ld be receiv$ ) pleasure4 ,b x 0 f> o!rwise4 ,9 ! _s ( t innate mode/y :i* pr$om9at$ 9 8 "*1 & app>5tly ca/ a %ad[ ov] all 8 excell5t qualities & atta9m5ts1 ,mr4 ,bond hesitat$1 d\bt$ 8 qualifications = ! position4 ,he said 8 habits 7 n adapt$ to public /ation2 t our comb9$ app>atus w\ld be small1 & t some?+ great might be expect$2 t he pref]r$ indep5d5ce 9 obscurity to responsibility 9 an elevat$ position4 ,he rais$ _m o!r objections1 :i* ne$ n "h be repeat$1 z !y 7 ov]come40 ,at ! date ( ?is int]view ! presid5t f\nd ,mr4 ,bond well e/abli%$ 9 a pr(itable manufactur+ bus9ess1 happily situat$ 9 8 dome/ic & neighborhood surr\nd+s1 ) an avocation fasc9at+ en\gh to occupy all 8 leisure & a fame ext5sive en\gh to satisfy 8 own mode/ e/imate ( 8 abilities4 ,!re 0 no pecuni>y bett]m5t = ,mr4 ,bond 9 ! sugge/$ *ange4 ,mr4 ,qu9cy c\ld only (f] him :at he _h already1 a family domicile2 s t ! proposal might w>rant an adaptation ( ,sidney ,smi?'s fam\s phrase & be describ$ z an invitation to come to ,cambridge & 8cultivate a/ronomy ^u a little oatmeal40 ,9 s phras+ x !re is no disp>agem5t ( ! college2 x 0 ! day ( small ?+s1 ( p5nies1 n doll>s1 9 ! college treasury4 ,b ! ev5t speaks ! praises ( ,mr4 ,qu9cy1 ^: sagacity 0 unfail+ & be=e ^: p]suasiv5ess & en]gy difficulties 9 adm9i/ration 7 wont to give way1 & ( ,mr4 ,bond1 ^: unselfi%ness & loyalty to sci5ce 7 pro( aga9/ pecuni>y consid]ations4 ,9 m5tal traits ea* 0 9 _m respects ! complem5t ( ! o!r1 & x is n too mu* to say t ^! two 7 pre-em95tly ! f\nd]s & build]s ( ! obs]vatory4 ,! (ficial report = #ahdf /ates t up to t "t ! labors ( ,mr4 ,bond _h be5 8entirely unrequit$1 except by ! gratification ( 8 love ( sci5ce & ( home10 & sugge/s t ?is devotion to ! in/itution at ,cambridge 0 ! m m>k$ 9 t dur+ ! prec$+ spr+ he _h decl9$ 8! almo/ unlimit$ (f]s made to him by ! adm9i/ration at ,wa%+ton to induce him to take *>ge ( ! obs]vatory !re40 ,x is kn[n1 also1 t frequ5t exp5ditures ( 8 own money 7 made dur+ ?is p]iod = curr5t exp5ses & = ?+s conv5i5t 9 conduct+ ! obs]vatory1 sums small sev]ally1 no d\bt1 b consid]able 9 ! total4 ,9 #ahdf a sum equal to ! propos$ sal>ies = ! next two ye>s 0 subscrib$ by citiz5s ( ,bo/on1 & 9 #ahdi ! (ficial bo>d 0 able to report t 8?r\gh a beque/ ( #ajj1jjj made by ,edw>d ,bromfield ,phillips !y %\ld !reaft] be reliev$ f anxiety z to ! paym5t ( sal>ies & curr5t exp5ses40 ,v>i\s (ficial docum5ts ev9ce t dur+ ! fir/ eight ye>s ,mr4 ,bond is to be reg>d$ n 9 ! "* ( an employee1 b a b5efactor ( ! college2 t 8 labors 7 deem$ by ^? mo/ famili> ) !m to be indisp5sable & invaluable1 & t 8 fri5d%ip = ! college1 manife/$ 9 all ways1 & especially 9 8 decl9ation ( ! lib]al (f]s com+ f ,wa%+ton1 0 appreciat$ & honor$4 ,! date ( ,mr4 ,bond's appo9tm5t z director ( ! obs]vatory 0 ,feb4 #ab1 #ahdj1 ?\gh ! confirmation by ! corporation 0 lat]4 ,he 0 giv5 ! honor>y degree ( ,a4,m41 by ,h>v>d 9 #ahdb4 ,,iii4 ,9 resum+ consecutively ! /ory ( ! half-c5tury's progress ( ,h>v>d ,college ,obs]vatory1 :i* 0 int]rupt$ 9 ! prec$+ numb] to give place to a biographical notice ( ,pr(4 ,w4 ,c4 ,bond1 x may be rem>k$ t ! p]iod ( 8 (ficial t]m1 :i* cov]$ #ai ye>s1 0 fruitful 9 great discov]ies & ev5ts 9 ! a/ronomical dep>tm5t ( sci5ce4 ,h>v>d ,obs]vatory contribut$ its full %>e1 ?\gh ! greate/ ( all 0 t :i* gave fame to ,le ,v]ri]1 ! ,fr5* a/ronom]1 ! discov]y ( ! planet ,neptune4 ,9 ,septemb]1 #ahdd1 ! obs]vatory build+ on ,summ] ,h\se hill _h be5 complet$ to ! ext5t propos$ at t "t1 & ! in/rum5ts 7 transf]r$ f ! ,dana h\se4 ,a new transit in/rum5t1 import$ by ! ,unit$ ,/ates gov]nm5t = ! use ( ! ,nor!a/]n ,b\nd>y ,commission1 0 set up 9 ,decemb]1 & us$ dur+ ! w9t] 9 obs]vations = asc]ta9+ ! latitude1 z previ\sly describ$ 9 ! quotation f ,pr(4 ,peirce4 ,! results 7 collat$ & discuss$ by ,pr(4 ,peirce 9 ! memoirs ( ! ,am]ican ,academy4 ,^! 7 ! fir/ notable obs]vations ( precision at ! new obs]vatory4 ,! longitude 0 also det]m9$ by ! mo/ accurate me?od !n kn[n1 obs]vation ( occultations & moon culm9ations & comp>ison ( a consid]able numb] ( *ronomet]s transport$ to & f ,gre5wi* by ocean /eam]s4 ,9 ! ultimate det]m9ation ! record made by sev]al hundr$ *ronomet]s ?us s5t to & fro1 & obs]vations ( occultations1 etc41 9 ,dor*e/]1 ,cambridge1 ,brooklyn1 ,philadelphia & ,wa%+ton1 rang+ ?r\gh _m ye>s1 7 br\ght into ! acc\nt4 ,! e>lie/ 7 obs]vations made 9 ,philadelphia 9 #agfi4 ,aft] ! lay+ ( ! ,atlantic cable /ill clos] comp>isons ) ! z]o ( ,gre5wi* 7 possible4 ,! position ( ! obs]vatory z f9ally det]m9$ & n[ (ficially ( record is3 ,longitude1 #ga #g #dd4he1 we/2 latitude1 #db #bb #dg4f1 nor?4 ,z %[+ ! error ( ! be/ atta9able results by use ( *ronomet]s x may be rem>k$ t by t me?od ! c5tral t[] ( ! obs]vatory 0 locat$ at a po9t on ! lawn half way betwe5 ! front door ( ! director's dwell+ h\se & ,g>d5 /reet4 ,! discrepancy is ab\t #cbj feet4 ,ab\t ! "t ( ! fir/ det]m9ation ,commodore ,ow5 ( ! ,briti% ,navy 0 mak+ an (ficial survey ( ! coa/ ( ,new ,brunswick & ,nova ,scotia4 ,hav+ confid5ce 9 :at _h be5 done at ,cambridge he took t /ation = 8 z]o 9 prep>+ 8 (ficial report1 ultimate ref]5ce be+ made to ,gre5wi*4 ,! fir/ importation ( *ronomet]s appe>s to h be5 made jo9tly by ,pr(4 ,bond & ,commodore ,ow54 ,:5 ! report 0 submitt$ x 0 *all5g$ by "s ( ! ,briti% ,bo>d ( ,admiralty1 :o believ$ t ! longitude ( ,halifax 0 bett] kn[n4 ,9 due c\rse ,pr(4 ,bond 0 inquir$ (1 & 8 lett] address$ to ! bo>d ( admiralty1 9 explanation ( ! te*nicalities1 prov$ conv9c+ & its conclusions 7 cordially accept$1 ) ?anks by ,admiral ,beau=t on behalf ( ! bo>d4 ,! (fic]s-9-*ief ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,coa/ ,survey1 & ( ! explor+ exp$ition sev]ally adopt$ ! ,cambridge m]idian z ! z]o 9 prep>+ _! (ficial reports4 ,a new in/rum5t pur*as$ by ! obs]vatory1 a #b-;in* equatorial1 p]mitt$ accurate obs]vations to be made ( ! sol> eclipses ( #ahde & #ahdf1 ! comets ( ! same ye>s1 ! transit ( ,m]cury 9 #ahde & ( ! newly discov]$ planet ,neptune4 ,! #ae-;in* equatorial 0 set up on ,june #bc & #bd1 #ahdg4 ,c]ta9 nebul & ! planet ,saturn 7 ! fir/ subjects ( /udy4 ,discov]ies ( importance 7 made 9 ea* field ( inve/igation4 ,! report ( ! visit+ committee = #ahdh notes ! discov]y by ,pr(4 ,bond on ,sept4 #ai ( t ye> ( ! eigh? satellite ( ,saturn1 & speaks ( x z 8! only addition to ! sol> sy/em ev] made on ! cont95t ( ,am]ica40 ,! few ye>s imm$iately foll[+ ! date ( ! great telescope may be call$ ! romantic p]iod 9 ! hi/ory ( ! obs]vatory4 ,!re 0 no in/rum5t on ?is cont95t to be comp>$ to x1 & x _h b "o equal 9 ,europe4 ,:ile ! director ( ! obs]vatory kept cool en\gh to utilize x to ! utmo/1 he manife/ly %>$ 9 ! en?usiasm4 ,"o ( ! e>lie/ to inquire :at c\ld be se5 by x 0 ,edw>d ,ev]ett1 presid5t ( ! college f #ahdf4 ,pr(4 ,bond respond$ by lett] on ,july #bf1 #ahdg1 nam$ sev]al matt]s & end$ by say+3 8,b ,i mu/ recollect t y require ( me only a brief acc\nt ( our telescope4 ,! objects reveal$ to u by ?is excell5t in/rum5t are s num]\s & int]e/+ t x is difficult to "k :]e to /op40 ,on ,sept4 #bb foll[+ ,pr(4 ,bond wrote to ! presid5t3 8,y w rejoice ) me t ! great nebula 9 ,orion has yield$ to ! p[]s ( our incomp>able telescope40 ,he expla9s ! reason = 8 rejoic+ by say+ t ?is nebula & t ( ,&rom$a _h hi!rto be5 ! /rongholds ( ! 8nebul> !ory10 or ! !ory t ! nebul are masses ( matt] 9 process ( cond5sation into sy/ems4 ,n[1 ! mass 9 ,orion :i*1 he said1 _h defi$ ! telescopes ( bo? ! ,h]s*els1 &1 at fir/1 t ( ,"l ,rosse1 _h be5 resolv$ into innum]able di/9ct po9ts ( light1 or sep>ate />s1 by ! ,cambridge refractor1 ^: only competitor 9 ! se>* 0 ,"l ,rosse's in/rum5t1 8! l>ge/ reflector 9 ! _w40 ,! phrase 8incomp>able telescope0 0 w>rant$4 ,nor does ! didactic sugge/ion ( ! prov]b ab\t ! new broom apply2 = m ?an #cj ye>s aft]w>ds ! pres5t director ( ! obs]vatory _h occasion to say3 8,9 #ahgg besides ! photometric measures ( ! satellites ( ,m>s1 a s]ies ( measures = _! positions 0 also made4 ,! numb] ( ^! obs]vations 0 second only to t obta9$ ) ! great telescope at ,wa%+ton40 ,( ! "w done two ye>s lat]1 he says3 8,( ! satellites ( ,m>s #acdh measurem5ts 7 made1 ,deimos be+ la/ se5 at ?is obs]vatory z x gradually rec$$ f ! e>?4 ,?is is rem>kable1 z our telescope has ent]$ into competition ) ! l>ge/ telescopes ( ! _w1 "s ( :i* admitt$ two or ?ree times z mu* light40 ,on ,nov4 #g1 #ahdh1 a transit circle 0 set up & x complet$ ! set ( new in/rum5ts at fir/ propos$ = ! obs]vatory4 ,previ\s to ?is date two new 8comet seek]s0 _h be5 receiv$1 ! gifts respectively ( ,presid5t ,qu9cy & ,mr4 ,j4 ,i4 ,b[dit*4 ,) ^! 9 ! six ye>s beg9n+ ) #ahde ! orig9al discov]y ( t5 comets 0 made by ,mr4 ,g4 ,p4 ,bond4 ,9 8 report = #ahdf ,pr(4 ,bond says t dur+ t ye> /ell> & lun> obs]vations _h be5 made 9 co-op]ation ) l "w done by obs]v]s ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,coa/ ,survey at ,we/ ,po9t1 ,philadelphia & ,nantucket1 to det]m9e longitudes = ! purposes ( ! coa/ survey4 ,illu/ration3 ,w4 ,c4 ,,bond',s ,,obs]vatory ,,*air4 ,b visions ( ! sky 7 n ! only matt]s ( int]e/ at ! obs]vatory 9 ?is e>ly p]iod4 ,! great telescope 0 pois$ at a height ( #ac feet f ! floor ( ! dome1 & its sweep 0 f ?ree degrees beyond ! z5i? to z _m bel[ ! horizon4 ,! visual end ( ! in/rum5t !re=e might ne$ to be set at any po9t along an arc ( #ij degrees1 & an obs]v] w\ld h to be some?+ ( an acrobat 9 successfully us+ x unless a suitable *air c\ld be obta9$4 ,!re 0 none 9 ! _w t fill$ all ! requirem5ts1 & ,pr(4 ,bond inv5t$ & made "o4 ,x is 9 use1 un*ang$1 to ?is day1 & by means ( its +5i\sly comb9$ :eels1 cogs & pulleys ! obs]v] c quickly & easily place himself any:]e along ! v]tical qu>t] circle & horizontal full circle trav]s$ by ! eye-piece ( ! telescope4 ,prior to #ahde a transf] ( #ab *ronomet]s to & f ,gre5wi*1 ,eng41 _h be5 made by ,pr(4 ,bond & ,commodore ,ow51 = ! det]m9ation ( ! longitude ( ! obs]vatory4 ,o!r *ronomet] exp$itions 7 conduct$ subsequ5tly 9 co-op]ation ) ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,coa/ ,survey1 ! f9al "o be+ 9 #ahee4 ,9 ! summ+ up ( results1 #gbc indep5d5t *ronomet] records 7 us$4 ,! magnitude ( ?is und]tak+1 z a :ole1 surpass$ any?+ ev] attempt$ 9 any o!r c\ntry4 ,9 8 report1 review+ ! ye> #ahdh1 ! director says2 8,"s exp]im5ts made ) ! dagu]reotype & talbotype processes = obta9+ impressions ( ! sun's image =m$ by ! telescope h n be5 att5d$ ) complete success2 h[ev]1 we d n despair ( ultimate success40 ,9 ! report = #ahej he is able to say3 8,) ! assi/ance ( ,mr4 ,j4 ,a4 ,:ipple1 dagu]reotypi/1 we h obta9$ sev]al impressions ( ! /> ,vega4 ,we h reason to believe ?is to be ! fir/ successful exp]im5t ev] made ei!r 9 ?is c\ntry or abroad4 ,f ! facility ) :i* ^! 7 execut$ ) ! aid ( ! great equatorial1 we 7 enc\rag$ to hope = fur!r progress40 ,9 ! report ( ! foll[+ ye> he speaks ( pictures ( ! moon & />s obta9$ by ?is process1 & adds ) ref]5ce to 8 son's (ficial visit to ,europe t ye>3 8,"s ( ^! dagu]reotypes tak5 by ! aid ( our great object glass excit$ ! admiration ( em95t m5 9 ,europe1 to :om ,mr4 ,g4 ,p4 ,bond gave specim5s40 ,9 an (ficial lett] he says ( 8 son's visit to ,p>is3 8,he att5d$ 9 ,may a meet+ ( ! ,fr5* ,academy1 & !re pres5t$ a dagu]reotype ( ! moon tak5 ) our l>ge telescope40 ,o!r specim5s 7 plac$ 9 ! great exhibition ( ,london1 or ,_w's fair1 ( t ye>1 & a c\ncil m$al 0 aw>d$ = !m4 ,?is t\r 9 ,europe by ! y\ng] ,mr4 ,bond makes an int]e/+ episode 9 ! g5]al record4 ,he 0 ev]y:]e cordially receiv$ by m5 ( sci5ce1 a fact attributable 9 "p1 no d\bt1 to 8 own reputation1 b m especially to 8 be+ ! repres5tative ( ! new obs]vatory1 already ( fame1 e/abli%$ 9 ! di/ant ,we/4 ,on arriv+ at ,cron/adt he 0 surpris$ at meet+ an (fic] ( ! ,russian gov]nm5t :o _h in/ructions to conduct him to ! imp]ial obs]vatory at ,pulkova1 :]e1 dur+ 8 /ay 9 ,russia1 he 0 made ! gue/ ( ! director ( ! obs]vatory & giv5 all possible att5tions & facilities1 includ+ ! 8great privilege0 ( practically manipulat+ ! in/rum5ts4 ,among ^! 0 ! great telescope1 ! rival ( ! ,h>v>d equatorial4 ,dur+ ! t\r he visit$ ,sw$5 & saw a total eclipse ( ! sun4 ,among ^? f :om he _h fri5dly receptions 7 ,b>on ,humboldt1 ,sir ,john ,h]s*el1 ,sir ,david ,brew/]1 ,sir ,g4 ,b4 ,airy1 ,le ,v]ri]1 ,biot ,argel&]1 ,gauss & ,hans52 also ,"l ,rosse1 ^: great telescope he _h opportunity to use4 ,9 ,july1 #ahdh1 ! wires ( ! magnetic telegraph 7 connect$ ) ! obs]vatory at ! exp5se ( ! coa/ survey1 = det]m9+ by in/ant communication ! longitude ( c]ta9 pr9cipal cities 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,!re are sugge/ions ( bo? ! mod]n & ! antique _w 9 ! /atem5t t 9 ?is fir/ exp]i5ce ! electrical app>atus ( a dep>tm5t ( ! in/itution f\nd$ by ,john ,h>v>d1 0 connect$ ) l app>atus 9 an obs]vatory 9 ! g>d5 ( ,pet] ,/uyvesant 9 ,new ,york city4 ,^! electrical exp]im5ts ( ! coa/ survey 7 begun z e>ly z #ahdd1 betwe5 ,wa%+ton & ,baltimore4 ,v>i\s improvem5ts ( me?od _h be5 made1 & t mo/ approv$ 0 foll[$ on ?is fir/ occasion at ,cambridge4 ,! coa/ survey (fic] 9 *>ge _h = 8 assi/ants ,pr(4 ,bond at ,cambridge & ,pr(4 ,loomis 9 ,new ,york4 ,an (ficial lett] ( ! electrician ( ! ,coa/ ,survey ,dep>tm5t says3 8,dur+ ^! exp]im5ts ,pr(4 ,bond conceiv$ ! idea ( us+ an automatic circuit int]rupt]40 ,"s "q ( priority z to ?is sugge/ion arose 9 lat] ye>s4 ,x 0 d\btless a spontane\s & orig9al ?\ght ) ,pr(4 ,bond1 ?\gh ! sugge/ion appe>s to h be5 made e>li] else:]e1 b x _h n be5 act$ ^u 8f appreh5sion ( injury to ! p]=mance ( an a/ronomical clock :i* mu/ be us$ = ! purpose40 ,exp]i5ce prov$ ev5tually ! appreh5sion to h be5 gr\ndless2 b ,pr(4 ,bond's sugge/ion avoid$ any liability ( ! k9d by propos+ t an a/ronomical clock be made = ! purpose4 ,9 ,augu/1 #ahdh1 he receiv$ au?ority to h su* a clock made at ! exp5se ( ! coa/ survey4 ,rev]t+ to ! matt] 9 a subsequ5t annual report1 ,pr(4 ,bond says3 8,i caus$ su* a clock to be made1 & x is f\nd to answ] p]fectly ! int5d$ purpose4 ,b ano!r & f> m s]i\s difficulty pres5t$ itself 9 ! accurate regi/ry ( ! beats ( ! clock aft] be+ transmitt$ by ! galvanic circuit2 & x 0 at ?is po9t t fur!r progress 9 ! application ( ?is me?od to a/ronomical obs]v+ 0 arre/$40 ,illu/ration3 ,,david ,,se>s4 ,! ,fir/ ,donor to ! ,obs]vatory4 ,exp]im5t]s 7 busy at ,philadelphia1 ,c9c9nati1 & else:]e1 dur+ ! two ye>s' int]val 9 attempts to solve ?is concomitant problem1 & ) v consid]able success4 ,t none ( ^! devices q fill$ ! requirem5ts is manife/ by ! fact t !y did n g into g5]al use4 ,b ! p]fect$ app>atus submitt$ to ! (fic] ( ! coa/ survey by ,pr(4 ,bond1 ,april #ab1 #ahej1 did g into su* use4 ,?is in/rum5t ,pr(4 ,bond /at$ to be ! jo9t inv5tion ( himself & 8 two sons1 ,george ,p4 & ,ri*>d ,f4 ,bond4 ,x 0 nam$ at fir/ f "o ( its peculi> p>ts1 ! 8spr+-gov]nor10 b ! m compreh5sive title ( 8*ronograph0 0 lat] appli$ to x4 ,:ile z a piece ( me*anism1 x 0 di/9ct f ! 8circuit int]rupt]10 ! two 7 us$ conjo9tly1 & ?us act+ 9 comb9ation _! op]ation 9 record+ became kn[n soon aft]w>ds 9 ,engl& z 8! ,am]ican me?od40 ,by ?is me?od ! errors sugge/$ by ! t]m 8p]sonal equation0 are greatly dim9i%$1 & a def9it5ess ( record is atta9$1 :i* p]mits ! record+ %eet to be read by ! eye to t5?s & by scale & l5s to hundr$?s ( a second4 ,! successive %eets are ! prim>y (ficial record1 & be+ b\nd into volumes1 become a "p ( ! p]man5t ar*ives4 ,! app>atus 0 at once put to use 9 ! sev]al telegraphic /ations ( ! coa/ survey2 & "o ( ! circum/ances :i* made ,mr4 ,g4 ,p4 ,bond's t\r 9 ,europe a notable "o 0 its exhibition = ! fir/ "t !re4 ,x 0 %[n 9 op]ation & expla9$ 9 a lecture by him be=e ! ,royal ,a/ronomical ,society1 & also at ! annual meet+ ( ! ,briti% ,association = ! ,advancem5t ( ,sci5ce4 ,?r\gh ! urg5cy ( ,sir ,david ,brew/] & o!rs x 0 set up 9 ! great exhibition at ,london 9 #ahea1 :]e a m$al 0 aw>d$ = x4 ,x _h ! highe/ aw>d ( ! ,massa*usetts ,me*anic ,association1 a gold m$al4 ,x 0 adopt$ at ! ,gre5wi* obs]vatory soon aft] ,mr4 ,bond's exhibition ( 8 model1 & spe$ily ?r\gh\t ,europe4 ,soon aft] ! electrical exp]im5ts ( #ahdh at ! obs]vatory ! wire 0 put into use to transmit to ,bo/on & diff]5t railway po9ts1 signals giv+ ! true local "t1 ^! signals be+ electrically responsive to ! movem5t ( an a/ronomical clock 9 ! obs]vatory1 ! me?od ( transmission be+ t ( ! 8circuit int]rupt]40 ,?is sy/em 0 at once adopt$ 9 ,engl&1 wire connections be+ made ) a clock 9 ,gre5wi* ,obs]vatory4 ,?is "t s]vice ( ! ,h>v>d ,obs]vatory1 ?\gh cont9u$ dur+ ! int]m$iate p]iod1 0 n organiz$ z at pres5t until #ahgb4 ,9 #aheb ! (fic]s ( ,h>v>d ,obs]vatory co-op]at$ ) ,capta9 ,*>les ,wilkes 9 exp]im5ts = asc]ta9+ ! velocity ( s\nd "u diff]5t atmosph]ic conditions4 ,9 ^! te/s cannon 7 fir$ ne> ! obs]vatory1 at ! ars5al 9 ,wat]t[n1 at ! navy y>d 9 ,*>le/[n & at ,=t ,indep5d5ce 9 ! h>bor1 ! c5tral obs]v+ po9t be+ ! cupola ( ! ,/ate ,h\se 9 ,bo/on1 :]e ,capta9 ,wilkes took 8 /ation4 ,^! exp]im5ts _h imm$iate ref]5ce to a r$uction into prop] =m ( data obta9$ by ! explor+ exp$ition1 :]e9 ,capta9 ,wilkes _h caus$ surveys ( isl&s & gr\ps 9 remote seas to be made by s\nd4 ,9 ^! surveys1 di/ances betwe5 po9ts :5ce angles 7 project$ 7 det]m9$ by ! fir+ ( cannon at ^? po9ts4 ,9 #ahee an end[m5t ( #aj1jjj 0 made by ex-,presid5t ,qu9cy z a memorial ( 8 fa!r1 ,josiah ,qu9cy1 a patriot ( ! revolution4 ,?is fund 0 specifically appli$ to ! publication ( annals ( ! obs]vatory4 ,! fir/ volume 0 issu$ 9 #ahef & compris$ a review ( ! "w ( ! prec$+ ye>s1 s t ! s]ies ( :i* x is ! initial numb] makes a cont9u\s record f ! beg9n+4 ,! s]ies n[ numb]s ne>ly #be volumes4 ,! decease ( ,pr(4 ,w4 ,c4 ,bond occurr$ ,jan4 #bi1 #ahei4 ,,iv4 ,george ,phillips ,bond 0 ! second director ( ,h>v>d ,college obs]vatory1 be+ ! successor ( 8 fa!r1 ,pr(4 ,w4 ,c4 ,bond4 ,! date ( 8 appo9tm5t 0 #ahei4 ,he 0 born 9 ,dor*e/]1 ,mass41 ,may #bj1 #ahbe1 & graduat$ at ,h>v>d 9 #ahde4 ,!nce=? until 8 decease ,feb4 #ag1 #ahfe1 he 0 9 ! con/ant s]vice ( ! obs]vatory4 ,prior to 8 tak+ ! *ief (fice 8 labors z assi/ant _h ga9$ = him a pr(essional reputation2 he _h %>$ ) 8 fa!r ! heavy task ( organiz+ ! obs]vatory & c>ry+ x on ) sl5d] means2 he 0 famili> ) its r\t9e1 & bo? by academical & practical tra9+ 0 peculi>ly qualifi$ = ! position4 ,8 pr(essional record !re=e is n to be limit$ to 8 own t]m z director4 ,! computations requir$ 9 ! prep>ation ( ! ?ree e>ly volumes ( ! annals 7 to a great ext5t 8 "w1 & ^? p]ta9+ to ! *ronometric exp$itions betwe5 ,bo/on & ,liv]pool1 7 :olly by him4 ,he 0 ! discov]] ( ! d>k int]ior r+ ( ,saturn1 "o ( ! fir/ revelations ( ! great telescope1 & discov]] also1 z already /at$1 ( t5 comets )9 a brief p]iod ( ye>s4 ,9 ?is comet>y "w x 0 8 practice to sweep ! :ole visible heav5s once e mon?4 ,8 obs]vations ( ,saturn l$ to ! adoption ( a new !ory z to ! con/itution ( ! r+s4 ,dur+ 8 t]m sy/ematic obs]vations 7 made ( c]ta9 nebul1 p>ticul>ly t 9 ,orion4 ,he conduct$ a s]ies ( zone obs]vations ( fa9t />s ne> ! equator1 prep>$ a plan ( obs]vation & r$uction1 & ) 8 own h& graduat$ ! mica scales us$ 9 ! "w4 ,9 #ahfj he made an inve/igation ( ! brightness ( c]ta9 cele/ial objects1 includ+ ! moon & ! planets1 ! results ( :i* h a special value b are n id5tifi$ ) ! ,h>v>d photometrical s]ies ( lat] ye>s1 :i* relates to fix$ />s only4 ,dur+ 8 t]m ! =mation ( a /> catalogue 0 begun1 ! obs]vations be+ made ) ! m]idian circle & 9 "r asc5sion only1 & mu* progress 0 made 9 pictur+ cele/ial objects by ! cam]a1 ! process hav+1 ) ! disuse ( ,dagu]re's p>ticul> me?od1 ga9$ ! g5]ic "n ( photography4 ,! pre/ige ( ! beg9n+ & e>ly successes ( a/ronomical photography atta*es to ! adm9i/ration ( ! s5ior ,bond2 b 8 son %>$ fully 9 ! labors ( ?\ght1 contrivance & manipulation by :i* ! orig9al exp]im5ts 7 conduct$1 & 9 appreciation ( ! future possibilities to sci5ce 9 ?is new me?od ( obs]vation4 ,"o evid5ce ( ?is appe>s 9 a pap] read by ! y\ng] ,mr4 ,bond be=e ! ,am]ican ,academy on ,may #ab1 #aheg1 ! imm$iate occasion = its pres5tation be+ a mo/ significant discov]y made at ! obs]vatory a few days e>li]4 ,! pap] says3 8,dagu]reotype images ( ! /> ,vega 7 obta9$ at ! obs]vatory ( ,h>v>d ,college on ,july #ag1 #ahej1 & subsequ5tly impressions 7 tak5 f ! d\ble /> ,ca/or1 exhibit+ an elongat$ disc1 b no sep>ation ( its two compon5ts4 8,^! 7 ! fir/1 & until v rec5tly1 ! only kn[n in/ances ( ! application ( photography to ! del9eation ( fix$ />s4 ,a s]i\s difficulty 0 int]pos$ to fur!r progress by ! want ( suitable app>atus = communicat+ uni=m sid]eal motion to ! telescope4 8,?is has be5 suppli$ by replac+ ! orig9al clock ( ! great equatorial ( ! obs]vatory by a new "o1 op]at+ on ! pr9ciple ( ! spr+-gov]nor4 ,imm$iately ^u its completion1 a new s]ies ( exp]im5ts 0 comm5c$4 ,^! h be5 successful 9 transf]r+ to ! plate by ! collodian process1 images ( fix$ />s to ! fif? magnitude1 inclusive1 ) s+ul> & unexpect$ precision4 ,! mo/ rem>kable in/ances ( success are ! simultane\s impressions ( ! gr\p ( />s compos$ ( ,miz> ( ! second magnitude1 its companion ( ! f\r? & ,alcor ( ! fif? magnitude4 ,! foll[+ measurem5ts ( ! angul> di/ance ( ! companion f ,miz> 7 tak5 f ! plates40 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,gold ,,m$al2 ,,rev]se ,,%[+ ,,sir ,,william ,,h]s*el',s #dj-;,,foot ,,telescope4 ,a tabulat$ /atem5t foll[s 9 ! pap]1 giv+ dates f ,april #bg to ,may #h1 ) measurem5ts f #ac photographic negatives produc$ on ! respective dates4 ,! mean = di/ance is #ad4di seconds1 & = angle ( position1 #adg4hj4 ,= ! same />s obs]v$ 9 ! usual way1 ,/ruve's mean ( six obs]vations is1 = di/ance1 #ad4dj seconds2 = positions1 #adg4dj4 ,mr4 ,bond's comm5ts are3 8,! photographic me?od has ?us 9 its fir/ ef=ts atta9$ ! limit ( accuracy1 beyond :i* x is n expect$ ! o!r c ev] be s5sibly advanc$4 8,%\ld photographic impressions be obta9$ f />s betwe5 ! six? & elev5? magnitudes z has already be5 done = ^? betwe5 ! fir/ & fif?1 ! ext5sion giv5 to our pres5t means ( obs]vation w\ld be an advance 9 ! sci5ce ( /ell> a/ronomy ( :i* x w\ld sc>cely be possible to exagg]ate ! importance40 ,mr4 ,bond made important contributions to ! lit]ature ( ! sci5ce bo? 9 its ma!matical & practical dep>tm5ts4 ,among ! m notable ( ! =m] 0 a pap] on comet>y calculations & ! me?od ( me*anical quadratures1 valuable 9 v>i\s respects1 & notable 9 hav+ anticipat$ an important improvem5t aft]w>d giv5 indep5d5tly by ,encke2 also a pap] on ! use ( equival5t factors 9 ! me?od ( lea/ squ>es4 ,he wrote a monograph cov]+ obs]vations ( ,donati's comet ( #aheh1 = :i* he 0 aw>d$ ! gold m$al ( ! ,royal ,a/ronomical ,society & 0 ! fir/ ( 8 c\ntrym5 to obta9 t di/9ction4 ,he began a pap] on ! nebula 9 ,orion1 :i* he did n live to complete1 ?\gh dur+ 8 prolong$ la/ illness he cont9u$ 8 labors ^u x1 & dictat$ to an amanu5sis long aft] /r5g? to write _h gone f him4 ,?is pap] 0 aft]w>ds f9i%$ by ,pr(4 ,t4 ,h4 ,saf=d1 !n ( ,h>v>d1 n[ ( ,williams ,college obs]vatory4 ,a biograph] says ( ,mr4 ,bond3 8,sci5ce to him 0 n a pa/ime b a s]i\s call+1 to be pursu$ ) ! utmo/ consci5ti\sness & s+l5ess ( purpose4 ,t he did s mu* & did x s well1 dur+ ! few ye>s allott$ to him1 mu/ h be5 p>tly ow+ to an extreme reluctance to dissipate 8 p[]s by beg9n+ new works :ile ! old 7 /ill unf9i%$40 ,he receiv$ ! honor>y degree ( ,a4,m4 f ,h>v>d 9 #ahec4 ,illu/ration3 ,,presid5t ,,josiah ,,qu9cy4 ,v4 ,joseph ,w9lock 0 ! ?ird director ( ,h>v>d ,college obs]vatory1 be+ appo9t$ 9 #ahff4 ,he 0 born 9 ,%elby c\nty1 ,ky41 ,feb4 #f1 #ahbf2 he graduat$ at ,%elby ,college 9 #ahde1 & 0 pr(essor ( ma!matics & a/ronomy !re until #aheb4 ,he 0 subsequ5tly 9 ! s]vice ( ! ,naval ,obs]vatory at ,wa%+ton1 &1 /ill lat]1 in/ructor 9 ma!matics at ! ,naval ,academy at ,annapolis4 ,at diff]5t dates1 he 0 sup]9t5d5t ( ! "w ( prep>ation ( ! ,nautical ,almanac4 ,he cont9u$ 9 (fice z director ( ! obs]vatory until 8 decease1 ,june #aa1 #ahge4 ,8 adm9i/ration appe>s by ! record to h be5 "o ( v>i\s activity4 ,a l>ge am\nt ( improv$ app>atus 0 add$ to ! res\rces ( ! obs]vatory1 p>tly by pur*ase & p>tly by inv5tion & mak+ on ! spot4 ,he kept up ! reputation ( ! obs]vatory1 :i* has nev] fail$ f ! />t1 = orig9ality & +5uity 9 me*anical devices4 ,x 0 dur+ 8 t]m t ! transmission by electricity ( ! true sol> "t to railroad c5tres & bus9ess po9ts 9 all p>ts ( ,new ,engl& became a regul> "p ( ! obs]vatory "w1 &1 by ! sy/em :i* he organiz$1 comp5sation 0 made by corporations & individuals ^: clocks 7 put into electrical connection ) t at ! obs]vatory4 ,a consid]able rev5ue has ?us annually be5 d]iv$4 ,o!r electrical app>atus ( ! obs]vatory 0 modifi$ & improv$4 ,a 8swit*-bo>d10 ! device ( 8 pr$ecessor 0 mu* elaborat$ 9 its me*anism1 :]eby ! electrical curr5t 0 made m available & all ! pr9cipal in/rum5ts 7 connect$ at w ) ! *ronographs4 ,9 #ahfh :5 he visit$ ,europe he procur$ ! app>atus ( a m]idian circle ( ! late/ device1 ! l5ses be+ made 9 ,cambridge4 ,9 sett+ up ! in/rum5t he saw opportunity to introduce v>i\s improvem5ts 9 me*anism4 ,^! 7 approv$ by exp]i5ce & w5t into g5]al use else:]e4 ,ano!r ( 8 devices 0 8= ! det]m9ation ( absolute p]sonal equation by me*anical means40 ,o!r contrivances1 ei!r :olly orig9al or +5i\s modifications ( kn[n app>atus1 7 an atta*m5t to ! spectroscope = automatic record+1 be+ a modification ( ! *ronograph3 a comb9ation ( a /ation>y plane mirror ) a fix$ l5s ( great focal l5g?--f #cj to #dj feet--= photograph+ ! sun2 a lat] improvem5t ( ?is1 by :i* ! telescope 0 r$uc$ to a s+le fix$ l5s ( long focus & small ap]ture1 *romatic ab]ration 0 avoid$ & ! image on ! plate c\ld be made z l>ge z 0 conv5i5t = measur+2 & a *ange ( me?od by :i* ! sun's image c\ld be tak5 at ! pr9cipal focus ( ! object glass & n beyond an eye-piece us$ to enl>ge ! image4 ,9 ,febru>y1 #ahff1 :5 he took *>ge ( ! obs]vatory1 ! great equatorial 0 appli$ to a s]ies ( obs]vations ( d\ble1 & especially b9>y />s4 ,?is inve/igation 0 cont9u$ z /eadily z circum/ances w\ld p]mit till #ahgb1 & ! results appe> 9 ! annals4 ,9 #ahfg ! fir/ spectroscope own$ by ! obs]vatory 0 import$1 & 9 #ahfi ano!r4 ,two small direct vision spectroscopes 7 also procur$ dur+ ,pr(4 ,w9lock's t]m4 ,9 #ahgj ! new m]idian circle1 a sup]ior in/rum5t1 0 set up1 & on ,nov4 #aj ( t ye> 0 begun ! s]ies ( obs]vations = position ( />s 9 ! 8,cambridge zone10 s call$1 or t betwe5 #ej nor? & #ee nor? & ov]lapp+ #aj ^u ea* contigu\s zone4 ,?is survey 0 a jo9t ent]prise conduct$ by c]ta9 ( ! great obs]vatories ( ! _w1 t ( ,h>v>d be+ "o ( ! two 9 ?is c\ntry hav+ a %>e 9 ! "w4 ,on ,july #d1 #ahgj1 0 begun a s]ies ( photographs ( ! sun1 & ! "w 0 cont9u$ ne>ly or q to ! end ( ,pr(4 ,w9lock's t]m1 _m hundr$ photographs be+ compris$ 9 ! li/4 ,illu/ration3 ,,h>v>d ,,obs]vatory ,,/ation ,,9 ,,spa94 ,9 ,septemb]1 #ahga1 0 begun an elaborate inve/igation ( lun> ph5om5a1 :i* cont9u$ a ye>4 ,9 #ahga an arrangem5t 0 made ) ! coa/ survey by :i* a s]ies ( photometric obs]vations 0 c>ri$ ?r\gh1 & = ?is a ,zlln] a/ro-photomet] 0 import$4 ,! "w 0 cont9u$ ?ree ye>s1 ?\gh n all ( x at ,cambridge4 ,! results are 9 ! annals 9 #ahgh4 ,! /&>d 9 us+ ?is in/rum5t 0 an artificial /> produc$ by lamplight4 ,dur+ ?is t]m two exp$itions 7 made ) app>atus = obs]v+ total eclipses ( ! sun1 & 9 bo? satisfactory results 7 obta9$4 ,on ! fir/ occasion1 ( date ,aug4 #g1 #ahfi1 ! /ation 0 at ,%elbyville1 ,ky41 & on ! second1 ( date ,dec4 #bb1 #ahgj1 at ,j]ez de la ,front]a1 9 ,spa94 ,9 #ahfg daily obs]vations 9 t]re/rial magnetism 7 made at ! obs]vatory = ! purposes ( ! coa/ survey4 ,9 ,m>*1 #ahfi1 exp]im5ts = det]m9ation ( longitudes 7 conduct$ on a cont95tal scale1 wire connection by relays be+ made ) ,san ,francisco4 ,9 ^! exp]im5ts app>atus :i* _h be5 modifi$ by ,pr(4 ,w9lock 0 us$ & by ?is me?od1 & also by ano!r :i* 0 appli$1 x prov$ t ! "t ( passage ( a signal f ,cambridge to ,san ,francisco ?r\gh ! wire & six relays 0 v ne>ly ?ree-qu>t]s ( a second4 ,betwe5 ,dec4 #ac1 #ahfi1 & ! summ] ( #ahgb1 electric signals 7 s5t by ! ,atlantic cable to & f ,bre/ 9 ,france1 via ,duxbury1 ,mass4 ,! purpose ( ^! te/s 0 to e/abli% ) precision ! diff]5ce ( longitude betwe5 ,am]ica & ,europe4 ,pr(4 ,w9lock sup]vis$ ! "w ( prep>+ & engrav+ a s]ies ( plates illu/rat+ rem>kable cele/ial objects4 ,^! gave special value to ! volume ( annals 9 :i* !y appe>$1 caus+ an unprec$5t$ dem& = copies1 s t x is n[ a r>e book4 ,8 publications 7 n num]\s1 b !re is no d\bt t 8 s*ol>%ip1 v]satility & wide exp]i5ce w\ld h yield$ valuable additions to ! lit]ature ( sci5ce _h 8 life be5 prolong$4 ,! means at comm& dur+ 8 t]m did n w>rant ! publication ( _m volumes ( annals4 ,?\gh = ne>ly #aj ye>s 9 (fice he did n live to see any ( 8 own obs]vations publi%$ or ev5 to complete ! "w ( 8 pr$ecessors4 ,illu/ration3 ,,pr(4 ,,joseph ,,w9lock4 ,dur+ ! t]m ! p]man5t funds ( ! obs]vatory 7 increas$ by ! beque/ ( ,james ,hayw>d #bj1jjj1 & t ( ,james ,savage #bj1jjj4 ,9 #ahgj a subscription ( #ab1dej 0 complet$ = pur*ase ( a new m]idian circle4 ,9 ! prec$+ t]m a gift ( #aj1jjj 0 made by ,william ,/urgis = ! publication fund4 ,pr(4 ,w9lock _h ! honor>y degree ( ,a4,m4 f ,h>v>d 9 #ahfh4 ,,vi4 ,edw>d ,*>les ,pick]+1 ! pres5t director ( ! obs]vatory1 0 appo9t$ 9 #ahgf4 ,he 0 born 9 ,bo/on & is ( ! ,essex family ( ! "n1 ,colonel ,timo?y ,pick]+ be+ 8 great-gr&fa!r4 ,he is a graduate ( ! ,lawr5ce ,sci5tific ,s*ool ( ! class ( #ahfe4 ,dur+ ! next two ye>s he 0 a tea*] ( ma!matics 9 t dep>tm5t ( ,h>v>d ,univ]sity4 ,lat] & up to ! "t ( 8 appo9tm5t z director1 he 0 pr(essor ( physics at ! ,massa*usetts ,in/itute ( ,te*nology4 ,a sy/em ( tea*+ physics call$ ! 8laboratory me?od0 0 introduc$ by him !re1 & 8 text book illu/rative ( ! me?od has to a great ext5t be5 adopt$ by l in/itutes4 ,a/ronomy1 z a dep>tm5t ( physics1 came into ! g5]al c\rse1 & ! att5tion necess>ily giv51 = ! purposes ( in/ruction 9 ! in/itute1 to ! te*nics ( t subject1 & to demon/ration1 s]v$ z prep>ation & discipl9e = ! (ficial responsibilities :i* he aft]w>ds assum$4 ,he 0 a memb] ( ! ,nautical ,almanac p>ty = obs]v+ 9 ,i[a ! total sol> eclipse ( #ahfi1 & 0 9 l s]vice 9 ! foll[+ ye> z a memb] ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,coa/ ,survey p>ty :i* obs]v$ 9 ,spa9 a recurr5ce ( t ev5t4 ,:5 he came to ! director%ip he f\nd ! obs]vatory to be well equipp$ z to in/rum5ts & its small work+ =ce effici5tly employ$4 ,_! numb] 0 b five or six1 :i* 0 all ! means ( ! in/itution p]mitt$ (4 ,l pecuni>y re/rictions cont9u$ until #ahgi1 :5 a subscription 0 complet$ provid+ = ! in/itution1 #ejjj annually = five ye>s4 ,s9ce !n mu* l>g] gifts h be5 be/[$ & ! in/rum5tal equipm5t1 9 rec5t ye>s especially1 has be5 :atev] ! late/ dem&s or sugge/ions ( sci5ce call$ =2 ! obs]vatory /aff has be5 augm5t$ f "t to "t1 till x n[ numb]s ab\t #dj p]sons1 & ! field ( obs]vation has be5 ext5d$ to include ! s\!rn hemisph]e ( />s4 ,^u ! premises at ,cambridge :]e 9 #ahgf /ood only ! ma9 obs]vatory & a less] adjunct /ructure are n[ eight or t5 o!rs1 a clu/] ( small wood5 build+s1 dom$ or o!rwise adapt$ = a/ronomical uses1 ea* conta9+ a co/ly in/rum5t ( ! mo/ approv$ device2 & besides ^! a dwell+ h\se has be5 trans=m$ into a hall1 or r a work%op ( photography1 & makes ! nor!rnmo/ /ructure ( ! little city ( sci5ce :i* has be5 set ^u ,summ] ,h\se hill4 ,^u ,mt4 ,wilson1 9 ,cali=nia1 9 nor? latitude1 & ,mt4 ,h>v>d1 9 ,p]u1 9 s\? latitude1 /& o!r unpret5ti\s build+s1 f )9 :i* obs]v]s ( ! ,h>v>d corps nightly se>* ?r\gh ! transluc5t upp] atmosph]e ( ^? regions to ! respective poles4 ,?is aggregation ( means has yield$ ample returns2 to say :i* is to signify t dur+ ! p]iod "u consid]ation ! in/itution has made a notewor?y record1 & t its affairs h be5 guid$ ) befitt+ skill & judgm5t4 ,! total p]man5t funds at ! beg9n+ ( ! pres5t t]m am\nt$ to ab\t #agj1jjj4 ,! subscription = five ye>s 0 int5d$ = imm$iate exp5diture4 ,at ! end ( t p]iod a p]man5t fund ( #ej1jjj 0 obta9$ 9 l mann]4 ,9 #ahhe 0 add$ to ! p]man5t funds ! beque/ ( ,rob]t ,treat ,pa9e ( 8 :ole e/ate1 ( :i* #afd1aih became at once available4 ,9 #ahhf 0 made ! fir/ ( a s]ies ( annual gifts ( l>ge sums ( money by ,mrs4 ,anna ,p4 ,drap] ( ,new ,york z a memorial ( h] husb&1 ! late ,pr(4 ,h5ry ,drap]4 ,^! gifts h con/antly be5 appli$ 9 fur!rance ( photographical obs]vation1 especially 9 t l9e ( inve/igation :i* ,dr4 ,drap] himself began 9 8 lifetime4 ,9 #ahhg ! beque/ ( ,uriah ,a4 ,boyd51 am\nt+ to #bch1jjj1 became available4 ,?is beque/ has conditions provid+ = a/ronomical "w at consid]able elevations z free z possible f di/urb+ or ob/ruct+ conditions ( atmosph]e4 ,! income ( ! ,pa9e fund may be appli$ g5]ally4 ,9 pursu+ ! inquiries ?us sugge/$1 & o!rs1 ! obs]vatory has adh]$ to its traditions1 :]e9 orig9al inve/igation has be5 direct$ to ! physical r ?an ! ma!matical side ( a/ronomical sci5ce4 ,9 8 fir/ annual report ! pres5t director outl9$ ! imm$iate policy1 9 ! !n re/rict$ /ate ( ! f9ances1 to be to keep employ$ *iefly ! two mo/ co/ly & effective in/rum5ts1 ! great equatorial & ! m]idian circle4 ,! latt] 0 already 9 con/ant use 9 ! "w ( ! ,cambridge zone4 ,) ref]5ce to ! =m]1 ! report hav+ nam$ ! sev]al specialties :i* ! great obs]vatories ( ?is c\ntry _h tak51 ea* to itself1 said3 8,photometry (f]s a field almo/ :olly unexplor$ ) l>ge telescopes ei!r 9 ?is c\ntry or abroad4 ,x has !re=e be5 select$ z t to :i* ! great] portion ( ! "t ( our telescope w be devot$40 ,! inve/igation ?us ent]$ ^u1 toge!r ) ! zone obs]vations j m5tion$1 & ! cont9uation by ampl] & 9 "s p>ticul>s radically diff]5t me?ods ( inve/igations 9 spectroscopy & photography1 h giv5 ! in/itution a wide r5[n4 ,b h>dly less conspicu\s are c]ta9 o!r a*ievem5ts 9 ! long li/ :i* makes ! complete record4 ,)\t attempt+ to give any ( ^! rank1 /ill less to repeat ! li/1 a few may "h be m5tion$ ^u ! gr\nd ( _! presum$ popul> int]e/4 ,9 #ahgh ! utility ( ! "t signal s]vice 0 increas$ by caus+ a "t ball to be dropp$ e day at exact noon f a conspicu\s po9t 9 ,bo/on )9 view ( ! %ipp+ ( ! h>bor4 ,! "t 0 t ( ! m]idian ( ! ,/ate ,h\se 9 ,bo/on4 ,:5 ! /&>d or #ge? m]idian "t w5t into g5]al use ! practice 0 con=m$ !reto4 ,inde$1 ! t]ms ( ! proposition might be rev]s$ s z to indicate t1 9 ! f9al det]m9ation1 ! responsibility 0 put ^u ! obs]vatory to lead (f 9 ! matt]4 ,!re _h be5 "s discussion 9 ! public pr9ts & else:]e ( ! advisability ( adopt+ a common m]idian "t = l>ge areas4 ,9 ! report ( ! obs]vatory = #ahgh ! !oretical pres5tation ( ! case :i* _h be5 made by ^? advocat+ ! *ange 0 sanction$1 & ! new "t 0 recomm5d$ z sure to be ( public conv5i5ce if g5]ally accept$4 ,g5]al cons5t 0 some:at sl[ 9 its manife/ation1 b ev5tually ! manag]s ( all ! pr9cipal railroads ( ,new ,engl& agre$ to adopt ! plan if ! "t-signall+ sy/em ( ! obs]vatory %\ld be made to correspond 9 respect to clock connections1 "t ball1 etc4 ,?is 0 in/antly agre$ to1 & ) due prior public notice ! new "t w5t into use ,nov4 #ah1 #ahhc1 & ! ,bo/on noon ball 0 fir/ dropp$ on t day at exactly five h\rs lat] ?an ! noon ( ,gre5wi*4 ,illu/ration3 ,,h>v>d ,,college ,,obs]vatory4 ,illu/ration3 ,,h>v>d ,,/ation ,,9 ,,cali=nia4 ,9 #ahhj ! full r\t9e ( meteorological obs]vation 0 ab&on$1 z sev]al in/itutions 7 do+ l "w4 ,! record ( ! obs]vatory 9 meteorology1 :i* _h cont9u\sly be5 kept up = #dj ye>s1 0 r$uc$ to prop] =m = pr9t+1 & 0 publi%$ 9 #ahhi4 ,c]ta9 obs]vations ( ?is k9d h1 h[ev]1 be5 cont9u$ 9 ! record to ! pres5t date4 ,9 #ahhh a plan ( co-op]ation 0 agre$ ^u ) ! ,n4 ,e4 ,meteorological ,society & ,mr4 ,a4 ,l4 ,rot* ( ! ,blue ,hill1 ,mass41 ,obs]vatory1 by :i* _! results1 :i* are ( a compreh5sive "*1 h s9ce be5 publi%$ 9 ! annals ( ! ,h>v>d ,obs]vatory4 ,9 #ahgg1 9 co-op]ation ) ,miss ,mit*ell ( ,vass> ,college ,obs]vatory & h] assi/ants1 obs]vations 7 made at ,cambridge = det]m9+ ! longitude ( ! ,vass> ,obs]vatory4 ,betwe5 ,feb4 #ae1 #ahgi1 & ,jan4 #c1 #ahhj1 l obs]vations 7 made 9 co-op]ation ) (fic]s ( ! ,w9*e/] ,obs]vatory ( ,yale ,college to asc]ta9 ! longitude ( t in/itution4 ,betwe5 ,june #b & ,june #bc1 #ahhc1 simil> "w 0 done to fix ! longitude ( ,mc,gill ,obs]vatory 9 ,montreal4 ,9 ! summ] ( #ahhh t5 ev5+s 7 giv5 = obs]vations = ! longitude ( ,smi? ,college 9 ,nor?ampton4 ,! obs]v]s 7 ,miss ,byrd1 tea*] ( a/ronomy at t college1 & ,miss ,:itney1 pr(essor ( a/ronomy at ,vass> ,college4 ,h>v>d's contribution 9 ! affair consi/$ 9 provid+ facilities on ! spot1 includ+ ! use ( a transit in/rum5t4 ,^! are in/ances1 :i* among o!rs g to %[ t because ( inf9ite pa9/ak+ at ,h>v>d 9 ! e>li] ye>s x has become ! ,mecca to :i* all on ?is cont95t :o wi% to be p]fectly assur$ 9 ! matt] ( longitude may prud5tly make a pilgrimage4 ,9 #ahha an arrangem5t 0 ent]$ into = prompt communication z to unusual cele/ial ph5om5a1 discov]ies1 etc41 among a/ronom]s 9 ?is c\ntry & 9 ,europe4 ,a ciph] code1 ! inv5tion ( ,messrs4 ,s4 ,c4 ,*&l] & ,john ,rit*ie1 ,jr41 ( ! obs]vatory /aff1 0 put into use4 ,x is kn[n z ! 8,sci5ce ,obs]v] ,code10 & z x is sup]ior 9 accuracy to =m] codes has be5 widely recogniz$4 ,9 #ahhc ,h>v>d obs]vatory 0 made ! (ficial di/ribut+ c5tre = ?is class ( news1 by cons5t ( ! ,smi?sonian ,in/itute1 :i* _h previ\sly p]=m$ ! s]vice4 ,^u ! occasion ( ! transit ( ,m]cury across ! sun's disk 9 ,may1 #ahgh1 all ! available telescopes ( ! obs]vatory 7 put to use4 ,! results1 :i* includ$ _m photographs1 7 satisfactory1 consid]+ ! unfavorable wea!r4 ,dur+ ! l transit ( ,v5us1 on ,dec4 #f1 #ahhb1 six telescopes be+ 9 use1 l>ge additions 7 made to ! important data :i* planet>y ev5ts ( ?is k9d may supply4 ,9 ,augu/1 #ahhf1 a small p>ty provid$ ) in/rum5ts belong+ to ! obs]vatory made an exp$ition to ,gr5ada1 ne> ! nor!rn coa/ ( ,s\? ,am]ica1 = obs]vation ( ! total sol> eclipse ( t ye>4 ,! exp$ition 0 9 *>ge ( ,mr4 ,w4 ,h4 ,pick]+1 :o aft]w>ds became a memb] ( ! obs]vatory corps4 ,on ,jan4 #a1 #ahhi1 a l>ge p>ty1 "u ! same direction1 obs]v$ a recurr5ce ( ! ev5t 9 ,cali=nia4 ,! obs]vations 7 ma9ly photographical4 ,excell5t results 7 obta9$ 9 bo? cases1 ?\gh less 9 am\nt 9 ! =m]1 because ( unfavorable wea!r4 ,mu* has be5 done dur+ ! t]m 9 comet>y inve/igation1 b latt]ly comets h be5 obs]v$1 z a rule1 only imm$iately ^u discov]y & t[>ds ! end ( _! visible p]iod1 or aft] !y _h got beyond ! rea* ( any b ! mo/ p[]ful telescopes4 ,9 ! summ] ( #ahhc ! director j\rney$ 9 ,europe & visit$ ! pr9cipal obs]vatories !re4 ,9 ! foll[+ annual report he names z an important result ( 8 j\rney ! obta9+ ( copies ( unpubli%$ manuscripts ( ,argel&] & ,sir ,william ,h]s*el4 ,! =m] are memor&a ( obs]vations ( v>iable />s & ! latt] ( obs]vations made m ?an #ajj ye>s ago ( ! light ( all />s ( ,flam/e$'s catalogue4 ,! "w on ! ,cambridge zone ( />s 0 complet$1 z respects ! prim>y plan ( obs]vation1 on ,jan4 #bf1 #ahgi1 & at t /age 0 reg>d$ z "o ( ! l>ge/ a/ronomical und]tak+s ev] c>ri$ ?r\gh 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,! r$uction ( ! data 0 accompli%$ 9 #ahhc1 b z 0 expect$1 a necessity = reobs]vation appe>$ 9 c]ta9 cases4 ,?is "w 0 done betwe5 ,oct4 #i1 #ahhc & ,aug4 #i1 #ahhd4 ,! obs]v] f ! beg9n+ _h be5 ,pr(4 ,william ,a4 ,rog]s4 ,he resign$ 8 position z assi/ant pr(essor 9 ! obs]vatory 9 #ahhf1 b cont9u$ to s]ve z editor ( ! publi%$ results4 ,! :ole s]ies makes half a doz5 or m volumes ( ! annals4 ,! ,european sup]visors ( ! g5]al und]tak+1 well pleas$1 app>5tly1 ) ! e>ly in/alm5ts ( manuscript returns1 assign$ to ,h>v>d ! "w ( reobs]vation ( ano!r zone1 t betwe5 #i #ej s\? & #ad #aj s\?4 ,?is "w is /ill 9 progress4 ,ea* zone comprises ab\t #hjjj />s or ne>ly #ag1jjj 9 all4 ,! publications ( ! obs]vatory dur+ ! pres5t t]m 9 ! =m ( annals1 & z contributions by memb]s ( ! corps to v>i\s j\rnals ( sci5ce1 h be5 num]\s & ext5sive4 ,at ! beg9n+ ( ! t]m b f\r volumes ( annals _h be5 issu$1 ?\gh ab\t an equal numb] 7 9 "s /age ( progress 9 ! pr9t]s' h&s1 publication hav+ gone on sl[ly f lack ( means4 ,at ! pres5t "t ! cont9u\s s]ies ( #bb volumes has be5 issu$1 except+ ! second or supplem5t>y p>ts 9 two or ?ree in/ances4 ,^! p>ts are ne>ly ready1 & ! manuscript = ab\t half a doz5 m volumes 9 regul> succession has1 9 "p or :ole1 be5 giv5 to ! pr9t]4 ,a review ( :at has be5 done dur+ ! pres5t t]m 9 ! dep>tm5ts ( photometry1 spectroscopy & photography w be compris$ 9 ! next & clos+ numb] ( ?is s]ies4 ,,vii4 ,agreeably to ! ann\ncem5t ( ! annual report ( ,h>v>d ,college ,obs]vatory = #ahgg1 z to photometry1 a beg9n+ 0 made by con/ruct+ a photomet] suitable to be atta*$ to ! great telescope4 ,o!r photomet]s h be5 devis$ at diff]5t times = use indep5d5tly4 ,"o ( ! e>lie/ 0 appli$ dur+ ! ye> beg9n+ ,oct4 #ab1 #ahgg1 9 measur+ ! light ( all kn[n satellites except+ ! two inn] ones ( ,uranus1 :i* are too fa9t to be disc]n$1 ev5 by ! great telescope4 ,! fir/ prolong$ obs]vation ent]$ ^u 0 ( ! eclipses ( ,jupit]'s satellites4 ,z !re are f\r satellites & z ! plane ( _! orbits is ne>ly ! same z t ( ! planet itself1 eclipses are frequ5t4 ,! plan propos$ ! obs]vation ( all ^! eclipses visible dur+ a revolution ( ,jupit] ar\nd ! sun1 a p]iod ( ab\t #ab ye>s4 ,! "w 0 begun ,june #bc1 #ahgh1 & has be5 regul>ly pursu$4 ,! f9al result w be ( ! highe/ value 9 t1 among its utilities x w p]mit a new & indep5d5t computation to be made ( ! e>?'s di/ance f ! sun1 :i* di/ance is a prime factor 9 !oretical a/ronomy4 ,computations hi!rto made1 bas$ ^u data d]iv$ f ^! eclipses1 are n au?oritative1 because ( disagreem5ts among diff]5t obs]v]s us+ diff]5t telescopes1 & because ( defects 9 ! me?od ( obs]vation4 ,! director's report = #ahgh says3 8,errors ( ?is k9d are mu* less5$ by photometric obs]vations ( ! satellites z !y gradually ent] or em]ge f ! %ad[ ( ,jupit]1 us+ ! planet itself or ano!r satellite z a /&>d4 ,ea* comp>ison ?us obta9$ gives an indep5d5t det]m9ation ( ! "t ( ! eclipse1 free f ! errors due to ! condition ( ! air or ! p[] ( ! telescope employ$ & less likely to be affect$ by p]sonal equation ?an ! obs]vation ( a disappe>ance or a reappe>ance4 ,by ! ord9>y me?od an obs]vation dur+ twilight c h little value1 :ile good photometric obs]vations may be made z well !n z at any o!r "t4 ,x is ev5 possible to make !m be=e sunset40 ,9 #ahgi a "w ( magnitude 0 begun--! photometric obs]vation ( all />s d[n to ^? ( ! six? magnitude visible 9 ?is latitude4 ,= great] facility1 & p>ticul>ly to avoid loss ( "t 9 id5tify+ />s ( small magnitude1 x 0 decid$ to make a new dep>ture 9 me?od & 9 con/ruction ( an in/rum5t4 ,! new in/rum5t 0 call$ ! m]idian photomet]1 & />s 7 obs]v$ by x only :5 ne> ! m]idian4 ,! position ( any /> be+ well kn[n1 ! "t ( its appe>ance 9 ! field ( ! telescope c\ld be =ese54 ,ea* t 0 desir$ = a p>ticul> night _h1 !re=e1 only to be wait$ =1 n s\ght =4 ,! orig9al in/rum5t consi/$ ( a fix$ horizontal telescope po9t$ we/ & hav+ two objectives4 ,! light ( ! pole />1 :i* 0 tak5 = ! /&>d or unit ( measurem5t1 0 reflect$ by a prism into "o object glass1 & t ( ! /> to be measur$ into ! o!r4 ,! light ( ! bright] /> 0 !n r$uc$ to exactly t ( ! fa9t] by ! turn+ ( a screw hav+ a regi/] atta*$4 ,! indication ( ! regi/] gave ! measure1 :i* 0 confirm$ by repeat$ obs]vations4 ,telescopes m\nt$ 9 ! ord9>y way cont9u$ to be us$ 9 o!r bran*es ( photometric "w4 ,illu/ration3 ,,h>v>d ,,obs]v+ ,,/ation ,,at ,,will[s1 ,,cal41 ,,janu>y #a1 #ahhi4 ,! photometric survey ( ! six? magnitude & bright] />s 0 complet$ ,aug4 #be1 #ahha4 ,9 #ahhb a new & m p[]ful m]idian in/rum5t 0 con/ruct$ & a photometric survey ( a li/ ( ab\t #ba1jjj />s1 f ! six? to ! n9? magnitude1 0 ent]$ ^u4 ,?is "w 0 f9i%$ ,sept4 #bi1 #ahhh1 & soon aft]w>ds ! in/rum5t1 ) o!rs1 0 s5t to ,p]u 9 *>ge ( ,mr4 ,s4 ,i4 ,bailey ( ! obs]vatory corps1 :]e1 ,may #aa1 #ahhi1 a correspond+ survey ( ! />s1 f ! fir/ to ! n9? magnitude1 inclusive1 betwe5 #cj s\? & ! s\!rn pole1 0 begun4 ,?us ! facts relat+ to all ! />s 9 ! sky ( ^! classifications w be embodi$ 9 ! f9al result4 ,! record1 :i* w comprise sev]al volumes1 "o or m ( :i* h already be5 publi%$1 w h an id5tity ?r\gh\t z respects ! me?od1 ! in/rum5t1 & ! unit ( measurem5t4 ,x w be au?oritative z a text book or s]ies ( text books1 & w enhance ! value = ref]5ce1 & comp>ison ( v>i\s records ( ! light ( />s1 bo? ^? ( mod]n & anci5t date4 ,! successful work+ ( ! two m]idian photomet]s l$ to ! con/ruction ( "o /ill m p[]ful1 hav+ an ap]ture ( #ab in*es4 ,! fir/ 0 ( #a in* ap]ture1 & ! second ( f\r in*es4 ,! ?ree diff] some:at 9 me*anism1 b are ! same 9 pr9ciple4 ,! #ab-;in* is call$ by di/9ction ! 8horizontal telescope40 ,x w be available 9 case a photometric survey ( />s ( fa9t] magnitudes %all be und]tak51 b its use is n limit$ to photometry4 ,9 #ahgi1 a photomet] 0 devis$ = measur+ ! light ( nebul1 ?us apply+ to ^! objects & to />s ! same unit & scale4 ,9 #ahha1 photometric obs]vations ( c]ta9 bright p>ts ( ! moon1 7 made = ! ,sel5ographical ,society ( ,engl&1 ! p>ticul> p>ts be+ select$ by t society4 ,x ?us 0 %[n t ! lun> scale ( light 9 common use may be closely express$ 9 t]ms ( /ell> magnitude1 ea* degree ( ! lun> scale answ]+ to six-t5?s ( a magnitude4 ,photometry has be5 v ext5sively appli$ at ,h>v>d 9 /udy ( v>iable />s4 ,a hi/ory ( any dep>tm5t ( practical a/ronomy1 writt5 f ! po9t ( view ( a me*anician1 c\ld h>dly fail to be ( int]e/4 ,among ! curi\s exp]i5ces at ,h>v>d 9 ! l9e ( photometry is "o :i* illu/rates ?is po9t1 &1 at ! same "t1 indicates ! ref9em5ts 9 obs]vation :i* are resort$ to1 & demon/rates "o ( ! utilities ( ! photometric me?od4 ,illu/ration3 ,,h>v>d ,,obs]v+ ,,/ation ,,9 ,,p]u4 ,9 #ahgg ann\ncem5t 0 made ( ! discov]y at ,wa%+ton ( two satellites ( ! planet ,m>s4 ,! ,h>v>d telescope be+ appli$ !y 7 aft] a little ef=t descri$ z two fa9t po9ts ( light1 %[+ no visible disks4 ,to asc]ta9 ! diamet] ( ea* satellite might !re=e seem impossible3 b x 0 done1 approximately1 by ! photometric me?od4 ,! me*anical problem 0 to r$uce ! light ( ! planet z se5 9 ! telescope to an equality ) ! light ( "o ( ! satellites z ?us se54 ,five or six diff]5t me*anics 7 employ$ to drill 9 a piece ( metal a hole1 mak+ a true circle1 & small en\gh to produce ! equality s\ght = by suffici5tly dim9i%+ ! light ( ! planet4 ,x may be rem>k$ t "o ( ^? :o succe$$ be/ _h already1 = 8 own purposes1 manag$ to drill a hole1 l5g?wise1 ?r\gh a f9e cambric ne$le1 mak+ a /eel tube ( x4 ,:at he made = ,pr(4 ,pick]+ 0 a hole 9 a /eel plate1 ! diamet] ( :i* 0 "o eighte5 hundr$? 7#a-ahjj7 ( an in*4 ,x 0 s ne>ly circul> t ! v>i\s diamet]s1 includ+ errors ( measurem5t1 only diff]$ "o "o hundr$ ?\s&? 7#a-ajj1jjj7 ( an in*4 ,o!r me*anical devices 7 resort$ to = corroboration1 & ! results rea*$ 7 t ! diamet] ( "o ( ! satellites is ab\t six miles1 & t ( ! o!r ab\t sev5 miles4 ,!y are ! smalle/ kn[n 9 ! sol> sy/em4 ,! availability ( ! spectroscope 9 a/ronomy _h e>ly be5 appreciat$ by ! pr(ession4 ,9 exp]im5ts 9 ?is l9e x _h be5 f\nd t a classification ( ! nebul might be made ^u ! basis ( _! spectra4 ,9 #ahhj ! /udy 0 c>ri$ a /age fur!r at ,h>v>d 9 asc]ta9+ by ! spectroscope t c]ta9 fa9t objects1 :i*1 by direct vision1 _h be5 judg$ to be />s1 are 9 fact nebul4 ,9 #ahha1 x 0 f\nd t ! spectroscope is s]viceable 9 ! discov]y ( v>iable />s4 ,?us incit$1 a new in/rum5t 0 import$ f ,london1 b x did n prove satisfactory4 ,no?+ ( importance appe>s to h be5 done 9 ?is dep>tm5t !reaft] until #ahhf1 :5 ! proposition ( ,mrs4 ,drap] op5$ ! way to inve/igation ( spectra by aid ( photography4 ,= ?is ! #aa-;in* photographic telescope1 :i* _h be5 us$ by ,dr4 ,drap]1 0 loan$ by ,mrs4 ,drap]1 :o also met ! exp5se ( a new m\nt+ & a special obs]vatory build+4 ,a beg9n+ 0 made ) an eight-in* in/rum5t1 kn[n z ! ,ba*e telescope4 ,x is ( ! patt]n describ$ z ! 8d\blet10 & (f]s ! advantage ( a l>ge field ( view4 ,) x ! spectra ( ab\t #aj1ejj />s ( ! six? magnitude & bright]1 betwe5 ! pole & #be s\?1 7 photograph$ be=e ! close ( ! ye> #ahhh4 ,! in/rum5t 0 !n s5t to ,p]u1 :]e a l survey ( ! ,s\!rn sky is 9 progress4 ,spectroscopic obs]vations ( ! bright] />s h be5 cont9u$ at ,cambridge ) ! #aa-;in* ,drap] telescope & ( fa9t] />s ) an #h-;in* d\blet simil> to ! ,ba*e in/rum5t4 ,9 ?is "w x 0 f\nd t by giv+ a c]ta9 *emical /a9 to ! photographic plate ! yell[ & gre5 portions ( ! spectrum ( ev5 ! fa9t] />s c pr(itably be /udi$4 ,fur!rmore1 :at seems incr$ible at fir/ ?\ght1 x appe>s to be demon/rat$ t ! compon5ts ( b9>y />s ^: juxtaposition does n p]mit !m to be sep>at$ 9 any telescope1 may1 by spectroscopic photography1 be %[n to be 9 revolution ab\t ea* o!r4 ,two or m su* objects h be5 f\nd 9 :i* ! *anges regul>ly succe$+ 9 ! l9es ( ! spectrum n only prove t ! compon5ts are 9 motion1 b p]mit ! p]iod ( revolution to be det]m9$4 ,prior to #ahhc photography is m5tion$ 9 ! annual reports ( ! pres5t director only z incid5tal to o!r "w4 ,9 t ye> a sy/ematic inve/igation 0 und]tak51 hav+ among o!r objects 9 view1 ! con/ruction ( a photographic map ( ! :ole heav5s4 ,an e>ly application ( photography 9 ?is inve/igation 0 9 ! direction ( det]m9+ ! color ( />s1 measur+ _! brightness by an indep5d5t me?od1 pictur+ _! spectra1 exhibit+ ! effect ( atmosph]ic absorption ( light 9 a s]ies ( plates cov]+ ! p]iod ( a ye>1 & asc]ta9+ by images ( />s trail$ ^u ! plate1 ! cle>ness & /ead9ess ( ! atmosph]e4 ,9 #ahhg ! ,boyd5 fund be+ available1 ! fir/ /ep 0 tak5 9 ! important ent]prise ( giv+ a cont95tal expansion to ! "w ( ! obs]vatory4 ,! aim ( ! te/ator 9 mak+ 8 beque/ c\ld well be fur!r$ 9 conduct+ obs]vations simultane\sly 9 photometry1 spectroscopy & photography4 ,9 foll[+ up ! project1 ! ,drap] memorial funds appe> also to h be5 available to a consid]able ext5t 9 ! two latt] me?ods ( obs]vation4 ,exp]im5tal /ations 7 e/abli%$ 9 ,colorado 9 ! summ] ( #ahhg on m\nta9 peaks ( #ad1jjj1 #aa1jjj & #fjjj feet 9 height1 respectively1 & ! meteorological conditions1 includ+ ! transp>5cy & /ead9ess ( ! upp] atmosph]e1 7 duly te/$4 ,?is inve/igation 0 cont9u$ at ! exp5se ( ! ,boyd5 fund dur+ ! foll[+ w9t] by local obs]v]s ^: /ations 7 at consid]able height4 ,9 #ahhi ! movem5t 0 fur!r ext5d$ by e/abli%+ an obs]vatory on a peak ab\t #fejj feet high 9 ,p]u1 #be or #cj miles di/ant f ! sea coa/ & ! city ( ,lima4 ,local (ficial sanction 0 giv5 to nam+ ! peak1 8,monte ,h>v>d40 ,ab\t ! same "t o!r obs]v]s ( ! ,h>v>d corps set up an exp]im5tal obs]vatory on ,mt4 ,wilson1 #fjjj feet high1 9 ,s\!rn ,cali=nia4 ,! /ation is ab\t #cj miles f ! sea coa/ & some:at less f ! city ( ,los ,angeles4 ,! exp]im5tal purpose is ! same z 9 ,colorado1 & looks to ! ultimate e/abli%m5t ( a p]man5t obs]vatory z a bran* ( ! ,h>v>d in/itution at "s favorable po9t :]e ! sup]ior atmosph]ic conditions ( ! ,pacific m\nta9 regions c be _h4 ,9 ! special direction ( pictur+ cele/ial objects at ,mt4 ,wilson rem>kable photographic results are already possess$ at ,cambridge 9 plates %[+ lun> surfaces1 ,saturn's r+s1 ,jupit]'s belts & ! mo/ brilliant ( ! nebul4 ,t among !m :i* is ( ! greate/ sci5tific int]e/1 z be+ a novelty1 is ! picture on a negative plate ( ! great spiral nebula ( ,orion4 ,x is a ,h>v>d discov]y by ! photographic me?od1 & is q o!r ?an t h]et(ore kn[n z ! great nebula 9 ,orion4 ,t is an object hav+ a span ( ab\t half a degree4 ,! new great nebula has a span ( ne>ly #ag degrees2 its outl9e includes all ! />s ( ! con/ellation1 & x is too fa9t an object to be disc]n$ by ! nak$ eye4 ,x is "o ( ! pr9cipal advantages ( ! photographic me?od 9 a/ronomical "w t ! s5sitive plate w d5ote objects :i* ! eye re9=c$ by a telescope ( any p[] _c detect4 ,! great nebula ?us discov]$ is )9 rea* ( ! telescope1 b its dim5sions are s mu* l>g] ?an ! field ( ! telescope1 & its outl9e s fa9t1 t its true "* w\ld n ?us orig9ally be appreh5d$4 ,photography at ,cambridge has already produc$ sev]al s]ies ( plates1 ea* plate cov]+ a section ( ! nor!rn sky1 ! :ole ( :i* :5 p]fect$ & collat$ w be a self-record$1 & s1 indisputable atlas1 %[+ ! position ( all />s d[n to ^? ( ! #aa? magnitude4 ,x w be an atlas 9 %eets ( glass1 & frail] 9 "s respects ?an if compos$ ( %eets ( pap]4 ,b = /udy ( ! sci5ce ! glass is bett] ?an any product ( ! engrav]'s art1 & bett] ?an any sun picture pr9t$ by ! plate itself4 ,inde$1 x is "o ( ! triumphs ( ! photographic me?od t a p]fect photographic negative discloses m to ! /ud5t ?an does a telescopic view ( t area ( ! sky ( :i* ! photograph is a copy4 ,a/ronomical rese>* is n[ con/antly made at ! obs]vatory 9 ?is mann]1 & ) results equal to or bett] ?an ^? rea*$ by =m] me?ods4 ,cele/ial objects are ?us orig9ally discov]$ & ! positions ( famili> objects remeasur$ or o!rwise comp>$1 & ?is "w might be cont9u$ ?r\gh\t ! :ole #bd h\rs 7 x s desir$1 reg>dless ( ! gl>e ( ! sun by day or ( imp5etrable cl\ds by night4 ,! "w 9 progress 9 ,p]u w give o!r s]ies ( plates (f]+ equal facilities = ! /udy at ,cambridge ( t "p ( ! sky :i* is beyond our s\!rn horizon4 ,"s ( ! results :i* ^! ext5sive inve/igations ( ! light1 ! spectra & ! positions ( ! />s w yield w anticipate ! do+s ( o!r great obs]vatories ( ! _w4 ,b !re is no necess>y limit at />s ( ! magnitudes nam$2 !re w rema9 o!r worlds to conqu]4 ,a special enc\ragem5t to new ent]prises at ,h>v>d is 9 ! munific5t gift ( #ej1jjj1 made )9 ! ye> pa/ by ,miss ,ca!r9e ,w4 ,bruce ( ,new ,york = ! con/ruction ( a telescope ( #bd in*es ap]ture1 to be us$ 9 photography4 ,a contract = ?is in/rum5t has be5 made4 ,x is int5d$ t its fir/ use %all be to photograph maps ( ! fa9t] />s1 & x is hop$ t ^? z fa9t z ! #af? magnitude c ?us be repres5t$4 ,! basis ( ?is sangu9e =eca/ is ! fact t ) an eight-in* telescope ( ! patt]n ( ! propos$ #bd-;in*1 & an exposure ( ! plate = "o h\r1 twice z _m />s are photograph$ z are visible ) a telescope ( #ae in*es ap]ture4 ,pr(4 ,pick]+ receiv$ ! honor>y degree ( ,a4,m4 f ,h>v>d 9 #ahhj1 & t ( ,,ll4,d4 f ! ,univ]sity ( ,cali=nia 9 #ahhf1 & f ! ,univ]sity ( ,mi*igan 9 #ahhg4 ,l 8 pr$ecessor1 ,pr(4 ,g4 ,p4 ,bond1 he has be5 honor$ by ! ,royal ,a/ronomical ,society 9 ! be/[al ( its gold m$al4 ,! sev]al inve/igations ( *ief importance :i* are n[ 9 progress at ,h>v>d ,college ,obs]vatory h already be5 m5tion$ z "p ( ! record ( ! half-c5tury pa/4 ,!y also g into ! record ) :i* ! second half-c5tury n[ beg9s4 ,z su* !y may be briefly recapitulat$1 viz43 ,! survey1 = ! purposes ( ! great ,european /&>d catalogue kn[n z ! 8,a/ronomis*e ,gessells*aft10 ( ! zone betwe5 #i #ej s\? & #ad #aj s\?2 ! photometric1 spectroscopic1 & photographic special surveys mak+ 9 s\? latitude to complete l surveys hi!rto made at ,cambridge1 ext5d+ to ab\t #cj s\?2 ! sy/ematic "w 9 photography1 :i* includes mu* classifiable z spectroscopy1 c>ri$ on bo? at ,cambridge & 9 ,p]u z ! ,drap] ,memorial "w3 o!r sy/ematic "w ( l importance done "u ! special re/rictions ( ! ,boyd5 fund2 & :at p]haps may be call$ ! orbital obs]vations ( eclipses ( ,jupit]'s satellites4 ,t planet has n[ ne>ly complet$ its circuit ar\nd ! sun1 & ! la/ ( its satellite eclipses to be obs]v$ w occur on ,dec4 #ag ensu+4 ,dur+ ! p]iod ( #ab ye>s ab\t #dej ( ^! eclipses h be5 obs]v$ & record$4 ,p]haps z _m o!rs = :i* prep>ations 7 made at ! obs]vatory1 pass$ unse51 because ( int]pos+ cl\ds4 ,except to an exp]t ^! figures give no h9t ( ! magnitude ( ! "w4 ,all t ne$ "h be said is t 9 its complet$ =m x w be "o ( ! great a*ievem5ts ( ! obs]vatory4 ,! enum]ation ( ^! unf9i%$ works & ^? complet$1 :i* has n[ be5 made1 w h fulfill$ its purpose if x %all h impress$ ^u ! m9d ( ! g5]al read] ! fact1 ) :i* x is presumable ev]ybody is some:at famili>1 t a great oak has gr[n f ! little acorn plant$ on ,h>v>d ,college campus #ej ye>s ago4 ,transcrib]'s ,notes3 - ,text enclos$ by und]scores is 9 italics 7italics74 - ,blank pages h be5 remov$4 - ,sil5tly correct$ typographical errors4