,transcriber ,note ,text emphasis is denoted by ,italics and ,bold4 ,whole and fractional parts of numbers as #ab-c_/d4 ,u4 ,s4 ,,department ,,of ,,agriculture ,,farmers' ,,bulletin ,no4 #agch ,,farmhouse ,,plans ,illustration ,the ,farmhouse ,plans presented in this bulletin were developed in connection with the ,farm ,housing ,survey made in the spring of #aicd by the ,united ,states ,department of ,agriculture and the agricultural colleges of #df ,states1 with funds provided by the ,civil ,works ,administration4 ,these plans were selected from more than #ajj prepared under the cooperation of the following agencies and persons3 ,united ,states ,department of ,agriculture3 ,bureau of ,agricultural ,engineering1 ,s4 ,h4 ,mc,crory1 ,chief2 ,bureau of ,home ,economics1 ,louise ,stanley1 ,chief1 and ,director of the ,rural ,housing ,survey4 ,alabama ,polytechnic ,institute3 ,j4 ,b4 ,wilson1 extension engineer1 department of agricultural engineering4 ,university of ,arkansas3 ,deane ,g4 ,carter1 head1 department of agricultural engineering4 ,university of ,california3 ,h4 ,b4 ,walker1 head1 division of agricultural engineering4 ,university of ,georgia3 ,r4 ,h4 ,driftmier1 professor of agricultural engineering4 ,university of ,illinois3 ,e4 ,w4 ,lehmann1 head1 and ,w4 ,a4 ,foster1 assistant chief in rural architecture1 department of agricultural engineering4 ,purdue ,university 7,indiana73 ,william ,aitkenhead1 head1 department of agricultural engineering4 ,iowa ,state ,college3 ,henry ,giese1 professor1 department of agricultural engineering4 ,kansas ,state ,agricultural ,college3 ,h4 ,e4 ,wichers1 rural architect1 department of architecture4 ,massachusetts ,agricultural ,college3 ,c4 ,i4 ,gunness1 head1 department of agricultural engineering4 ,university of ,minnesota3 ,h4 ,b4 ,white1 assistant professor1 division of agricultural engineering4 ,university of ,missouri3 ,j4 ,c4 ,wooley1 chairman1 department of agricultural engineering4 ,ohio ,state ,university3 ,r4 ,c4 ,miller1 professor1 department of agricultural engineering4 ,agricultural and ,mechanical ,college of ,texas3 ,d4 ,scoates1 head1 department of agricultural engineering4 ,virginia ,polytechnic ,institute3 ,c4 ,e4 ,seitz1 head1 department of agricultural engineering4 ,state ,college of ,washington3 ,l4 ,j4 ,smith1 head1 department of agricultural engineering4 ,university of ,wisconsin3 ,s4 ,a4 ,witzel1 extension instructor1 department of agricultural engineering4 ,at each of the cooperating institutions1 home economics specialists were consulted by the designers in regard to the arrangement of the kitchen and other parts of the home4 ,working drawings for building the houses shown in this bulletin are available from the extension services of the ,state agricultural colleges4 ,in most cases a small charge is made for the drawings4 ,washington1 ,d4,c4 ,october1 #aicd ,,farmhouse ,,plans ,by ,wallace ,ashby1 ,chief1 ,division of ,structures1 ,bureau of ,agricultural ,engineering#a #a ,acknowledgment is made of the extended collaboration of ,louise ,stanley1 ,chief4 ,bureau of ,home ,economics1 in selecting and reviewing the plans presented herein2 and of the helpful assistance of ,w4 ,h4 ,nash1 architect1 ,bureau of ,agricultural ,engineering1 in the preparation of both the manuscript and illustrations for publication4 ,mary ,rokahr1 senior home-management specialist1 ,extension ,service1 and ,eloise ,davidson1 director of domestic electric service program1 ,electric ,home and ,farm ,authority1 made valuable suggestions regarding arrangement of kitchens and other equipment4 ,helpful comments and suggestions have been received from many other persons4 ,many of the perspective sketches illustrating the house plans shown in this bulletin were drawn by ,c4 ,w4 ,mead1 ,bureau of ,agricultural ,engineering1 ,,contents ,page ,farmhouse requirements #a ,size #a ,comfort and convenience #b ,relation to other buildings and highway #c ,appearance #d ,safety #d ,construction materials #d ,costs #e ,cellars #e ,superstructures and porches #e ,estimating by unit costs #f ,working drawings #g ,caution regarding changes #g ,plans for houses #g ,one-story growing houses #g ,moderate-sized one-story houses #cd ,houses of more than one story #de ,very small houses #fj ,the principal purpose of this bulletin is to supply plans ,a for low-cost farm dwellings designed to meet the requirements of the farm operator and his family4 ,some of the plans may be useful in eases where1 in addition to the main dwelling1 smaller homes are needed for relatives1 tenants1 or unmarried farm hands4 ,still others will be found useful in the construction of low-cost houses for temporary use4 ,a well-built farmhouse should last for #fj years or more4 ,in the ordinary course of events at least two generations of children will be brought up in it4 ,during these years the family operating the farm probably will have no other choice of dwelling4 ,the builder should1 therefore1 think both of present needs and possible future requirements when selecting a plan for a new farmhouse4 ,,farmhouse ,,requirements ,,size ,the first requirement of a satisfactory farmhouse is adequate size to provide needed working area1 storage space1 and living and sleeping quarters4 ,for the average family at least three sleeping rooms are needed1#b one for the parents1 one for the boys1 and one for the girls4 #b ,sometimes the living room must serve as one of the sleeping rooms4 ,all the space may not be needed at the time the house is built1 but the chances are that it will be needed before many years4 ,on the other hand1 many families find that after the children have grown up and left home it is not necessary to use the entire house4 ,for this reason it is desirable to have it arranged so that part of the rooms may be closed off or may be rented to tourists4 ,,comfort ,,and ,,convenience ,adequate1 well-used space for both the family and the furniture is a large factor in farmhouse comfort4 ,the proper number1 size1 and placement of windows1 doors1 and stairs1 and good construction are important4 ,these matters have been carefully worked out in the plans shown in this bulletin4 ,comfort also depends to a large extent on good heating1 plumbing1 lighting1 and screening4 ,information on some of these subjects is given in ,farmers' ,bulletin #afih1 ,heating the ,farm ,home2 #addh1 ,farmstead ,water ,supply2 #adbf1 ,farm ,plumbing2 #abbg1 ,sewage and ,sewerage of ,farm ,homes2 ,department ,circular #dje1 ,the ,domestic ,oil ,burner2 and in ,u4,s4 ,department of ,commerce bulletin1 ,insulation on the ,farm1 price #aj cents4 ,the convenient arrangement of the farmhouse begins with its relationship to the other farm buildings and to the highway4 ,unlike the city house1 the farmhouse has its main line of communication through the back or side door4 ,therefore outside doors and porches should be located so as to give convenient entrance from the farm driveway and the path to the barn1 and wherever possible should be on the sheltered side of the house4 ,if possible1 there should be a convenient place near the rear entrance for men to leave their outer wraps and to wash before going into the house4 ,these facilities are often provided in a washroom or in one corner of the workroom1 but if there is no washroom or workroom in the house1 there should at least be clothes hooks and a bench and washbasin for summer use on the back porch4 ,it is also desirable that the work portions of the house1 where the housewife spends much of her time1 look out over the farm buildings and the entrance roadway4 ,most farm women like also a glimpse of the highway from the kitchen window4 ,preferably the traffic way from the rear entrance to the main portion of the house should not lead through the kitchen4 ,if the kitchen must be used as a passageway1 the doors should be so arranged that the traffic does not cross the work area4 ,this not only decreases the possibility of interference with household activities but also makes possible a more compact and convenient arrangement of work equipment4 ,an important factor is a workroom or porch1 on about the same level as the kitchen1 for laundry1 canning1 care of milk1 and other farm activities and for supplementary food storage4 ,this saves much clutter in the kitchen itself and contributes to more efficient arrangement4 ,at least one bedroom should be provided on the first-floor of the farmhouse1 not too far from the kitchen1 so that small children or sick persons may be cared for conveniently4 ,the bathroom should be convenient to both downstairs and upstairs bedrooms1 but preferably on the first-floor4 ,a space for a bathroom is very desirable even if the fixtures cannot be put in at once4 ,ample storage space should be provided for clothing1 bedding and linen1 wraps1 food1 dishes and utensils1 cleaning equipment1 toys1 and fuel4 ,in general1 these needs have been met in the plans given in this bulletin by closets in halls and bedrooms1 kitchen cabinets1 shelves or pantries1 and cellar storage4 ,closet1 cabinet1 and shelf space adds greatly to the convenience and comfort of a house and should not be omitted4#c #c ,plans for closets and storage spaces can be obtained from the ,bureau of ,home ,economics4 ,in the smaller plans shown here1 an alcove or an end of the kitchen is indicated for use as a dining area4 ,in the larger plans1 either a dining room or a space for dining in the living room is provided1 and in most cases there is also space in the kitchen for hurry-up meals4 ,the following points have been kept in mind in planning the kitchens4 ,a sink in every house is recommended4 ,even when water must be carried into the house1 the sink and drain add much to the convenience of the kitchen and may be installed very cheaply4 ,where running water is not available1 a pump may be installed beside the sink4 ,however1 running water1 hot and cold1 adds more to the convenience of the farm-home than almost any other factor4 ,the sink should be well-lighted1 with windows over or at one end of it4 ,windows over the sink should have the sills higher than the back of the sink4 ,such windows will need to be shielded from sun glare unless on the north side of the house4 ,the sink should have a drain board at the left end1 at the right a flat shelf for stacking dishes if there is no drain board there4 ,dish storage should be near enough the left end of the sink for the dishes to be put away without unnecessary steps4 ,the cookstove should be conveniently near the sink1 preferably against the side wall1 or across from it if the kitchen is narrow4 ,a small food-preparation surface1 table or shelf1 should be placed next to the stove at the same height as the cooking surface4 ,there should be cupboard space near the stove for the storage of cooking utensils4 ,a worktable should be provided for long mixing jobs2 it should have knee space and toe space4 ,staple supplies should be stored near this table and1 if possible1 should be near the refrigerator and not too far from the stove4 ,the refrigerator should1 for convenient use1 be as near as possible to the worktable and stove2 however1 the higher the surrounding temperature the greater the cost of operating the refrigerator4 ,if an ice refrigerator is used1 a location near the outside door lessens the tracking of dirt into the house4 ,a ventilated cupboard near the worktable is convenient for storing the less perishable foods and reduces the season during which ice is needed4 ,,relation ,,to ,,other ,,buildings ,,and ,,highway ,a house designed for the south or west side of the highway should be reversed if it is to be built on the north or east4 ,for example1 plan #feba 7p4 #bd7 would fit nicely on either the south or the west side of the main road4 ,if it were south of the highway1 with the drive as shown1 the kitchen would be on the east where it would have the advantage of the morning sunlight and in most localities the screened porch would be sheltered from the coldest winds4 ,if the house were on the west side of the road1 the kitchen would still get morning sunlight1 and the porch would protect it from the afternoon sun4 ,on the other hand1 if the house were to be built on the north or east side of the road1 the kitchen would be badly sheltered and lighted1 but reversing the plan so that the kitchen would be on the right instead of the left side of the house would remedy these conditions4 ,before deciding to build any house the plan should be studied carefully to see how it will best fit the location and the arrangement of the rest of the farmstead4 ,,appearance ,attractive appearance of a farmhouse is to be obtained by3 ,good taste in its proportions and exterior design4 ,materials chosen to suit the local environment and type of house1 effectively employed4 ,a pleasing color scheme for the house1 in harmony with its surroundings4 ,proper planning with relation to the natural features of the site1 the other farm buildings1 and the highway4 ,grading the site and planting trees1 shrubs1 and flowers4 ,if the homes shown in this bulletin are carefully built according to the drawings1 they will be satisfactory with respect to the first two points4 ,proper location of the house is exceedingly important and must be worked out on the ground4 ,farmers' ,bulletin #aacb1 ,planning the ,farmstead1 and #ajhg4 ,beautifying the ,farmstead1 will be found helpful in this and in the planting of trees and shrubs around the house4 ,farmers' ,bulletin #adeb1 ,painting on the ,farm1 discusses kinds and uses of paints4 ,other bulletins on these subjects are available from several of the ,state agricultural colleges4 ,,safety ,safety in the farmhouse depends first on good construction for protection from damage by wind1 fire1 decay1 and termites4 ,safety is promoted also by planning to avoid hazards from low beams1 steep or unguarded stairways1 or badly placed doors and windows4 ,the working drawings for the houses illustrated herein embody good practice in these matters4 ,the welfare and convenience of the occupants will be further permanently safeguarded through rat-proof construction1 which eliminates rat harbors1 and denies easy entrance of the rodents to the building4 ,additional safety may be secured at slight cost by following the recommendations in ,farmers' ,bulletins #aeij1 ,fire ,protective ,construction on the ,farm2 #afch1 ,rat ,proofing ,buildings and ,premises2 and #afdi1 ,construction of ,chimneys and ,fireplaces2 ,leaflet #hg1 ,wind-,resistant ,construction for ,farm ,buildings1 and ,leaflet #aja1 ,injury to ,buildings by ,termites4 ,,construction ,,materials ,the houses shown in this bulletin may1 with slight changes1 be built of wood1 stone1 concrete1 brick1 tile1 earth1 steel1 or other materials4 ,the choice depends largely on owner's preference1 local availability and price1 and the skill of local builders in using one or another4 ,many new materials for various purposes such as roofing1 flooring1 and insulation are on the market and deserve consideration4 ,the practice common among farmers of hauling their own stone or concrete materials1 cutting their own logs where possible1 having their lumber sawed at local mills1 and doing part of the actual construction work1 aid in reducing the cash outlay and in making possible a better house for the same money expenditure4 ,this is especially true where lumber is sawed long enough before building starts to allow thorough seasoning4 ,this seasoning of lumber is important and is too often disregarded4 ,,costs ,the most satisfactory way to learn the probable cost of a house is to obtain estimates from one or more local builders4 ,approximate costs may1 of course1 be obtained by comparing the proposed house with one built recently in the same community1 or rough estimates may be based on the size of the house and typical unit costs for the locality4 ,unit costs based on prices and wages prevailing in the spring of #aicd for houses suitable for the localities were obtained for about #cjj counties by the ,farm ,housing ,survey1 ,a summary of the figures is as follows3 ,,cellars ,costs for ordinary cellars were reported for most sections as varying from #ej cents to #a per square foot of floor space4 ,the cost per square foot is1 of course1 less for a large than for a small cellar1 other things being equal4 ,easy excavation and low-cost materials also make for low unit cost4 ,costs of nearly #b per square foot were reported in some sections where the ground-water level is high and cellar walls and floor must be carefully waterproofed4 ,in sections where cellars are not ordinarily used the cost of the foundation was reported as part of the cost of the house superstructure4 ,,superstructures ,,and ,,porches ,reported costs of one-story frame superstructures1 including heating1 plumbing1 and lighting equipment ordinarily used in the locality1 ranged from #a4be to #b4be per square foot of floor space in the ,south1 from #b4be to #c4ej in the ,west and ,southwest1 from #b4ej to #d in the ,north1 and from #c to #d4ej in ,new ,england4 ,costs in ,maryland1 ,virginia1 and ,west ,virginia and in a narrow belt along the east coast1 including ,florida1 were reported from #b to #c4be1 and in the timber-producing sections of the ,northwest at about #b per square foot4 ,costs in any locality are influenced by local factors1 generally being relatively high near cities and in thickly settled sections and relatively low in places where there are local supplies of lumber or other materials4 ,differences in cost between the various sections are due to differences in the kinds of houses built1 as well as to differences in material costs and wages4 ,the typical house in the ,north is much more compact and substantial and provided with more expensive heating equipment than the typical house in the ,south4 ,the cost per square foot of floor area of two-story frame houses was reported as being #e to #ae percent less than that of one-story houses in the same locality4 ,the costs of typical masonry superstructures were generally reported at #b to #c per square foot of floor area in the southern third of the ,united ,states1 from #c to #d per square foot in the central third1 and more than #d per square foot in the northern third of the country4 ,there were many variations from these general levels1 however1 costs of about #b per square foot being reported in many localities in the ,states bordering on or south of the ,ohio ,river4 ,costs reported for counties along the ,atlantic and ,gulf coasts were generally higher than for those in the interior4 ,little difference in cost per square foot of floor area in one-story and in two-story masonry houses was reported4 ,the higher costs reported for masonry houses as compared with frame are probably due in part to better grades of finish and equipment used in the masonry houses4 ,the costs per square foot of floor space of open porches were reported as being about half the costs per square foot of floor space in one-story houses of similar materials4 ,,estimating ,,by ,,unit ,,costs ,the floor areas of the cellar1 the porches1 and the house itself 7the superstructure7 are shown with each plan4 ,they do not include unexcavated cellar space nor unfinished space in attics4 ,the areas were figured from the working drawings 7see p4 #g7 because in some cases the dimensions given in the plans herein are approximate only4 ,the superstructure area of a house of more than one story is given here as the area of the first-floor plus the usable area of the second-floor4 ,stairways1 halls1 and closets are included4 ,to estimate very roughly what a house might cost1 multiply the number of square feet of cellar floor space by a cost per square foot based on the costs stated above4 ,do the same for the house superstructure and the porches1 and add the figures together4 ,this1 with allowance for price changes since the spring of #aicd1 will give a rough estimate of total cost of the house4 ,the actual cost will1 of course1 be affected by the materials and home equipment which the owner selects and by the skill and efficiency of the builders4 ,if the owner can furnish part of the material or labor1 or if interior finish or equipment is omitted1 the initial cash outlay may be reduced4 ,estimates based on local prices and wage rates are to be preferred to those based on the cost figures given above4 ,little study has been given to what amounts farm people are justified in spending for their houses1 but several investigations have been made of expenditures for housing by people with fixed incomes4 ,it is generally agreed that the house ordinarily should not cost more than two and one-half times the average annual net income of the family4 ,in the case of the farm family the value of the living furnished by the farm should be considered as part of the income4 ,another generally accepted rule1 which perhaps is more nearly applicable to farm conditions1 is that not more than #be percent--usually not more than #bj percent--of the average annual net income of the family should be required for housing1 including principal payments1 interest1 taxes1 insurance1 repairs1 and miscellaneous costs4 ,,working ,,drawings ,working drawings have been prepared giving all necessary dimensions and details for building these homes4 ,farmers may obtain copies of these drawings from the agricultural extension services of the ,state agricultural colleges4 ,the ,state extension services will supply only those plans which are suitable in their respective ,states1 and usually will make a small charge to cover printing and mailing4 ,,caution ,,regarding ,,changes ,these plans have been carefully prepared by competent architects in consultation with home-management specialists and agricultural engineers familiar with farm conditions in all parts of the ,united ,states4 ,it is urged that the plans be studied carefully before making a selection1 but that no changes be made in them except for alternate arrangements indicated by the drawings or descriptions4 ,changing the size of a room or the location of a door or window may spoil some other valuable feature1 and is almost certain to harm the appearance of the house4 ,doors and windows should be selected according to the descriptive material on the drawings4 ,sizes should be closely adhered to for best appearance4 ,the prospective builder should not try to obtain too much originality1 but rather should base his selection on those features of the plan which will give the utmost satisfaction in the long run4 ,differences in slope of ground1 location of the drive and farm buildings1 and position and amount of trees and shrubbery1 all will contribute to the distinctive appearance of the home4 ,for homes of the type offered in this bulletin1 the surroundings should be kept free from distracting adornments4 ,as a general rule1 a few trees to provide shade1 some flowering shrubs of native growth grouped close to the building to break harsh lines1 and a bed or two of flowers selected for their color value1 will be sufficient decorative relief4 ,,plans ,,for ,,houses ,the #dj house plans shown in this bulletin have been arranged in four groups representing1 respectively1 7#a7 #a-story growing houses2 7#b7 #a-story houses originally built with two or more separate bedrooms2 7#c7 houses of #a-a_/b or #b stories2 and 7#d7 very small houses4 ,some of the plans might have been placed in another group about as well as in that in which they are shown4 ,,one-,,story ,,growing ,,houses ,there are many arguments in favor of the growing house for the farm4 ,the first unit can be erected at a moderate cost1 yet the finished house may have all the features considered important4 ,as more space is needed the owner often can build the additions himself1 taking advantage of slack times to cut lumber from his own land1 haul sand and gravel for concrete1 and in other ways reduce the cost of the additions4 ,the chief difficulty with the growing house is that it is likely to grow very slowly4 ,by the time additions are made the house is considered old by its occupants1 and the additions are likely not to receive as careful attention as the original house4 ,the growing houses in this bulletin have been carefully planned so that both the first units and the final structure are satisfactory in usefulness and in appearance4 ,the additions fit into the original units with a minimum of ripping out and rearrangement4 ,,plan #feaa1d ,,for ,,the ,,southwest ,floor areas3 ,superstructure1 first unit #fje square feet2 with #a-;bedroom addition #hae square feet2 with #b-;bedroom addition #ifj square feet4 ,illustration3 ,,original ,,house ,this plan is for a permanent dwelling of frame1 stucco1 stone1 adobe1 or other construction4 ,if desired1 the first unit may be built without bedrooms1 as shown1 and the living room used for sleeping quarters until the house is completed4 ,the two large closets of this living room add much to its value1 and the arrangement with all doors at one end of the room permits efficient use of the space4 ,illustration3 ,,floor ,,plan ,if the first unit is to be used for several years before the bedrooms are added1 the small bathroom with shower will be especially desirable4 ,that space must be used for other purposes1 however1 and the bathroom fixtures moved when one or both bedrooms are added4 ,an alternate kitchen arrangement suggested by the ,bureau of ,home ,economics for houses in which only an oil1 gas1 or electric stove is needed and meals will usually be eaten in the living-dining room is shown on page #i4 ,illustration3 ,,floor ,,plan ,illustration3 ,,completed ,,houses ,illustration3 ,,floor ,,plans #d ,prepared by ,w4 ,k4 ,bartges and ,earl ,barnett for the department of agricultural engineering1 ,university of ,california4 ,,plan #feab1e ,,for ,,the ,,south ,floor areas3 ,superstructure1 first stage #gae square feet2 second stage with one bedroom #a1jhe square feet2 third stage #a1eae square feet4 ,porch1 #bej square feet4 ,illustration3 ,,view ,,of ,,original ,,house ,plan #feab is designed for southern conditions1 to afford ample shade from a glaring summer sun4 ,the arrangement of rooms permits the building to face toward the south1 thus taking advantage of the summer breezes from that direction4 ,the glazed porch on the north side offers a cool spot for summer meals1 while the meals served during cold weather would naturally be more enjoyable in front of a blazing fire at the west end of the living room4 ,illustration3 ,,floor ,,plan ,the second stage of the house adds the center bedroom of the three shown in the third stage4 ,the partitions for the hall and the closets near the south porch are not needed until the third stage4 ,if at all possible1 the center bedroom should be built with the original unit to provide more sleeping space2 but if it is necessary to watch the budget closely1 the large living room or the glazed porch can be pressed into temporary service as sleeping quarters4 ,illustration3 ,,floor ,,plan ,,with ,,added ,,bedroom ,illustration3 ,,view ,,of ,,completed ,,house ,illustration3 ,,floor ,,plan ,,with ,,two ,,added ,,bedrooms #e ,prepared by ,j4 ,b4 ,atkinson and ,j4 ,e4 ,hudson for the department of agricultural engineering1 ,agricultural and ,mechanical ,college of ,texas4 ,,plan #feac1f ,,for ,,the ,,south ,floor areas3 ,superstructure1 first unit #dij square feet2 with first addition #gje square feet2 completed house #a1jae square feet4 ,porches1 first unit #be square feet2 with first addition #bdj square feet4 ,the first unit of house #feac is modest1 and yet provides complete kitchen equipment1 toilet facilities1 a workroom or laundry1 and g bedroom of comfortable size4 ,the first addition increases the living accommodations and1 with its front and rear porches1 offers a cool retreat in hot weather4 ,the second addition provides two more bedrooms and an adjoining bath1 thus completing the six-room house4 ,if desired1 these two bedrooms may be made larger than shown in the plans4 ,illustration3 ,,view ,,of ,,interior ,the interior view shows the compact arrangement of kitchen cabinets and sink1 and indicates the bright work area that is planned to lighten the duties of the housewife4 ,an alternate arrangement of the kitchen1 with no workroom1 is shown on page #ac4 ,during the first two stages of development adequate space will be found in the kitchen for dining2 but when two bedrooms are added in the final wing1 the original bedroom 7adjoining the kitchen7 might be converted into a dining room4 ,on the other hand1 if at times the entire house is not needed by the family1 the last wing of the house will make very desirable rooms for renting to tourists or summer boarders1 or may be closed4 ,in some parts of the ,south the fireplace will not provide sufficient heat in cold weather1 but a circulator heater may be set in front of the fireplace and connected to the chimney through a metal shield4 ,if the plan is used in the ,north1 a cellar may be constructed under the second unit1 with stairs leading down from the rear porch1 which should be enclosed4 ,illustration3 ,,view ,,of ,,completed ,,house ,illustration3 ,,floor ,,plans #f ,prepared by ,w4 ,h4 ,nash for the ,bureaus of ,agricultural ,engineering and ,home ,economics1 ,u4,s4 ,department of ,agriculture4 ,,plan #fead1g ,,for ,,the ,,middle ,,west ,floor areas3 ,superstructure1 original house #fgj square feet2 with addition #idj square feet4 ,cellar1 #bee square feet4 ,porches1 #abj square feet4 ,house #fead1 with basement and furnace1 is well adapted to northern or mid-western conditions4 ,the steps to the basement may be outside the building as shown1 or the washroom may be extended so as to include the steps and provide greater protection during stormy weather4 ,the original house1 in order to come in the class of low-cost houses1 does not contain a bath4 ,a pump at the kitchen sink provides water until funds permit of the installation of a modern plumbing system4 ,the first unit of the house may be heated either by a circulator heater in the living room or by a furnace4 ,the furnace will be especially desirable after the second unit is added4 ,the added bedroom wing is recessed from the main building line to permit cross ventilation through the bedroom in the original house4 ,illustration3 ,,view ,,of ,,complete ,,house ,illustration3 ,,floor ,,plan #g ,prepared by ,w4 ,e4 ,pettit and ,fred ,riebel for the department of agricultural engineering1 ,ohio ,state ,university4 ,,plan #feae1h ,,for ,,the ,,south ,floor areas3 ,superstructure1 first unit #efe square feet2 with first addition #ijj square feet2 completed house #a1bee square feet4 ,porches1 #age square feet4 ,this begins as a three-room house but is planned so that eventually three bedrooms and a bath may be added4 ,the kitchen in the original house is nicely arranged1 as shown in the plan4 ,when the house is completed1 the first bedroom may be used as a dining room1 with a door cut through from the kitchen4 ,the range should then be placed against the living room wall4 ,the fireplace and range will heat the first three rooms4 ,hall space for a circulator heater is provided in the first addition4 ,illustration3 ,,floor ,,plan ,illustration3 ,,view ,,of ,,complete ,,house #h ,prepared by ,c4 ,w4 ,heery1 ,fred ,j4 ,orr1 and ,b4 ,g4 ,danner for the department of agricultural engineering1 ,university of ,georgia4 ,,plan #feaf1i ,,for ,,the ,,south ,floor areas3 ,superstructure1 original unit #fhe square feet2 with first addition #a1jce square feet2 completed house #a1cde square feet4 ,porches1 original #ij square feet2 completed house #aee square feet4 ,the original unit of house #feaf is a two-room structure of ample size4 ,the dining room and kitchen are combined in one room1 while the other room is temporarily both bedroom and living room4 ,a porch leading directly into the kitchen affords entrance during the initial stage4 ,in the center of the first unit are an unusually large storage closet and a chimney reminiscent of colonial ,virginia4 ,in localities where firewood is not readily available the fireplace may be omitted and a stove used for heating the bedroom4 ,illustration3 ,,plan ,,showing ,,future ,,additions ,additions to the house are indicated on both sides of the original2 the first addition undoubtedly would be that with the bedroom and bath4 ,the rear porch can be enclosed if needed1 and will then serve for laundering and other work that is more convenient not to do in the kitchen4 ,the second addition will complete the house with a living room and front porch4 ,the addition of the living room and front porch requires considerable change in the arrangement of the kitchen to keep traffic from the back door to the living room from passing directly in front of the range4 ,it will be best to set the range against the end wall1 and preferably to use an electric or oil range so that no new chimney will be required4 ,after the living room is added1 less dining space will be needed in the kitchen4 ,illustration3 ,,view ,,of ,,original ,,unit ,illustration3 ,,view ,,of ,,completed ,,unit #i ,prepared by ,h4 ,b4 ,boynton and ,j4 ,m4 ,thompson for the department of agricultural engineering1 ,virginia ,polytechnic ,institute4 ,,plan #feag1aj ,,for ,,the ,,south ,floor areas3 ,superstructure1 original house #ffj square feet2 completed house #a1jbe square feet4 ,porches1 #cjj square feet4 ,in plan #feag a large amount of space is provided at low-cost by using the cheapest type of construction and omitting the interior finish at the time of building1 for when a large family must be housed and funds are limited space is often more desirable than good finish and ease of heating4 ,the exterior walls are of vertical boards and battens1 and the roof is of galvanized corrugated metal4 ,the house may be improved at any time by lining the walls and ceiling4 ,the kitchen arrangement shows a treatment recommended by home economists1 the sink and worktable at right angles to the wall1 with shelves above them4 ,this scheme has the advantage of separating the working and dining areas1 yet it does not hamper easy communication between the rooms at meal hours4 ,if desired1 a bed may be placed in the living room1 yet the house is so arranged that each sleeping room will have complete privacy4 ,the side wall of the small bedroom next to the kitchen is intended to be made of #a-;inch boards with battens on both sides4 ,the addition of bedrooms with closets and a bathroom is suggested4 ,this addition will provide space for a circulator heater1 which is a convenience when no cellar is planned4 ,illustration3 ,,floor ,,plan ,,and ,,completed ,,house #aj ,prepared by the ,bureaus of ,agricultural ,engineering and ,home ,economics1 ,u4,s4 ,department of ,agriculture4 ,,plan #feahaa ,floor areas3 ,superstructure1 first stage #hce square feet2 with addition #a1afj square feet4 ,porches1 #abj square feet4 ,several novel features about this small dwelling will appeal to the farm-home builder4 ,a heater room on the main floor near the rear entrance and the kitchen avoids the need for a cellar4 ,a kitchen like this1 with three outside walls to give light and cross ventilation and a better view of the farmstead and highway1 is often desirable4 ,the end of the living room next the kitchen is narrowed to a dining alcove1 and when more space is needed the dining table may be extended into the living room4 ,the completed bungalow has three bedrooms1 with ample closet space4 ,the rear porch will provide a comfortable1 shady place to work outside during the warm summer days4 ,illustration3 ,,floor ,,plan ,in the first stage of construction the two bedrooms at the rear may be omitted4 ,this would still leave one bedroom and the bathroom and temporary closet space in the original bungalow4 ,then the two other bedrooms can be added later1 when funds become available1 or a screened and glazed sleeping porch with outside entrance could be built instead4 ,a porch off the living room could also be added4 ,illustration3 ,,completed ,,house #aa ,prepared by ,l4 ,j4 ,smith for the department of agricultural engineering1 ,state ,college of ,washington4 ,,plan #feai1ab ,,for ,,the ,,southwest ,floor areas3 ,superstructure1 original house #gge square feet2 with addition #a1jge square feet4 ,porches1 #afj square feet4 ,the plans and perspectives on these pages show two methods of roofing this house4 ,in each plan the original unit of the house is complete1 and pleasing in appearance1 and the additions fit the house gracefully with very little tearing out or rearrangement4 ,as in some other plans1 the kitchen is designed for the use of an oil1 gas1 or electric cookstove4 ,the house may be heated by a circulator hot-air heater1 by a hot-water system with a radiator boiler in the living room1 or possibly by radiant gas or electric heaters in the bedrooms4 ,illustration3 ,,completed ,,house ,illustration3 ,,floor ,,plan ,illustration3 ,,completed ,,house ,the type of design favors keeping the house close to the ground4 ,if floor-joist construction is used1 the topsoil should be removed from under the house so that joists will not come too close to the ground surface4 ,a concrete subfloor could be placed directly on the ground1 supporting wood sleepers and wood floors4 ,illustration3 ,,floor ,,plan #ab ,prepared by ,h4 ,e4 ,wichers1 ,o4 ,s4 ,ekdahl1 and ,n4 ,f4 ,resch for the department of architecture1 ,kansas ,state ,agricultural ,college4 ,,plan #febjac ,floor areas3 ,superstructure1 first unit #dej square feet2 with first addition #gcj square feet2 completed house #ihe square feet4 ,porches1 #bee square feet4 ,illustration3 ,,completed ,,house ,illustration3 ,,floor ,,plan ,with their low-pitched roofs1 and modest design both inside and out1 plans #febj and #feba represent very desirable types of farmhouses4 ,such buildings blend with their surroundings to produce a real homey atmosphere4 ,originally planned for southern conditions1 where a circulator heater placed in the hall should be adequate1 these plans are adapted to colder regions if the houses are well constructed and are provided with basements and central heating plants as indicated on the working drawings4 ,,plan #febaac ,floor areas3 ,superstructure1 first unit #fcj square feet2 with first addition #ihe square feet2 completed house #a1bhe square feet4 ,porches1 #che square feet4 ,illustration3 ,,completed ,,house ,illustration3 ,,floor ,,plan ,in both designs the development from two large rooms progresses logically1 the main difference being that in plan #febj the additions are made at the side1 while in plan #feba the new rooms are added at the rear of the first unit4 ,although all the rooms of #feba a r e shown as larger than those of #febj1 by slight alterations either size of house may be built from either plan4 ,the choice should be determined largely by the slope of the building site4 ,illustration3 ,,floor ,,plan ,in each original house a temporary partition provides #b bedrooms in place of a living room4 ,the first addition adds #b other bedrooms1 and the removal of the partition between the temporary bedrooms provides a large living room4 ,the second addition increases the total number of bedrooms to #c by adding #b and refitting #a in the first addition as a bathroom4 ,each kitchen is ideally located to command a view of the driveway1 highway1 and farm buildings4 ,closets1 pantry1 and other equipment utilize the darker part of the room1 leaving the lighter portions for working area and dining table4 ,these arrangements are complete in the original house4 ,on the screened back porch1 which is equipped with laundry trays and closet1 men coming from the fields may hang their outside work garments and1 except in cold weather1 wash before entering the house4 ,here a great deal of the dirty and messy work in preparing fruits and vegetables for canning may be done4 ,entrance from the screened porch to the bath or bedrooms reduces to a minimum the traffic through the kitchen and living room4 ,in plan #febj the screened porch might be divided by a lattice into work and living spaces4 ,illustration3 ,,completed ,,house ,illustration3 ,,floor ,,plan #ac ,prepared by ,eldred ,mowery and ,c4 ,e4 ,cope for the ,bureaus of ,agricultural ,engineering and ,home ,economics1 ,u4,s4 ,department of ,agriculture4 ,,plan #febbad ,floor areas3 ,superstructure1 original house #fdj square feet2 with addition ,a4 #iej square feet2 with addition ,b #icj square feet4 ,porch1 addition ,b1 #abj square feet4 ,on account of its compact arrangement1 this low-cost house furnishes a very satisfactory amount of usable space for the small family and may be enlarged to three-bedroom size1 as indicated on the plans4 ,the kitchen is well-arranged1 with moderate storage space1 and a wood box filled from outside1 with a ventilated cupboard or cooler above it4 ,the workroom1 unusually large for a small house1 is a good place for laundry or canning and for men to clean up before coming in to meals4 ,dining space is provided at the rear of the living room4 ,this house should be compared with no4 #febg 7p4 #cf74 ,board and batten construction is very suitable for a low-cost house1 but any other type of construction may be used for plan #febb if preferred4 ,if the house is built in a cold climate1 probably it will be desirable to omit the fireplace and heat the living and bedrooms with a circulator heater4 ,illustration3 ,,floor ,,plan ,,with ,,addition ,a ,illustration3 ,,completed ,,house ,illustration3 ,,floor ,,plan ,,with ,,addition ,d #ad ,prepared by the ,bureaus of ,agricultural ,engineering and ,home ,economics1 ,u4,s4 ,department of ,agriculture4 ,,plan #febc1ae ,,for ,,the ,,south ,floor areas3 ,superstructure1 first unit #iij square feet2 with addition ,a #a1dbj square feet2 with addition ,b #a1cge square feet4 ,cellar1 #cej square feet4 ,porches1 #ajj square feet4 ,communication between rooms is an important consideration in modern house planning4 ,this has been provided in house #febc by a small hall1 which permits access not only from one room to another but also to the outside1 the basement stairs1 the washroom1 the bathroom1 and the linen closet1 thus eliminating the necessity of using any room as a passageway4 ,alternate extensions are shown1 the choice probably depending upon the surrounding ground contour4 ,addition ,b should receive first consideration1 because it brings the two new bedrooms into closer relation with the bathroom and does not destroy the washroom adjoining the rear entrance4 ,it does1 however1 reduce the size of one of the first bedrooms4 ,if addition ,a is contemplated1 the window at ,x should be located at ,y when the first unit is built4 ,the steps in the hall of addition ,a may be omitted if the ground slopes down at the rear so that the floor of the addition can be built at a lower level than the floor of the original house4 ,if addition ,b is to be used1 the window at ,z should be located so as to come in the hall of the addition4 ,illustration3 ,,completed ,,house ,illustration3 ,,floor ,,plan ,,with ,,additions #ae ,prepared by ,c4 ,w4 ,heery and ,b4 ,g4 ,banner for the department of agricultural engineering1 ,university of ,georgia1 ,,plan #febdaf ,floor areas3 ,superstructure1 first unit #a1bde square feet2 with addition #a1gce square feet4 ,porches1 #be square feet4 ,cellar1 #djj square feet4 ,the charm of house #febd lies in its informality and simplicity4 ,it is built for comfort and service4 ,the broad expanse of roof1 relieved by a gable1 gives it a substantial yet homelike appearance4 ,this is an easy house to move around in1 and the kitchen is very nicely arranged4 ,the screened porch1 in addition to providing a cool and inviting summer dining and work space1 affords ready access to all the rooms of the house4 ,if the future addition of bedrooms is contemplated1 the hall window in the first unit should be replaced with a door4 ,this will not only provide an extra exit from the house but obviate unnecessary cutting and tearing out when the addition is built4 ,the cellar provides space for a central heating plant1 it desired4 ,illustration3 ,,view ,,completed ,,house ,illustration3 ,,floor ,,plan ,illustration3 ,,view ,,of ,,kitchen #af ,prepared by ,c4 ,w4 ,heery1 ,fred ,j4 ,orr and ,b4 ,g4 ,banner for the department agricultural engineering1 ,university of ,georgia4 ,,plan #febeag ,floor areas3 ,superstructure1 first unit #gie square feet2 with bedroom addition #a1jhj square feet2 with both additions #a1cge square feet4 ,porches1 #aje square feet4 ,cellar1 #gie square feet4 ,this simple farmhouse develops into a home of dignity and charm4 ,the original unit furnishes all modern conveniences and an ample basement4 ,future bedrooms may be added as required1 while the extended living room might be built as the final touch of growing prosperity4 ,it will be of interest to the reader to note the similarity of arrangement of this house and no4 #feai 7p4 #bj74 ,these plans were developed independently1 but the coincidence emphasizes the practicability of having the work and living areas on the side of the building next to the driveway and the bedrooms toward the rear1 with the bathroom located as centrally as possible4 ,the design of a small house for farm use is greatly influenced by the rather fixed location of the kitchen4 ,illustration3 ,,main ,,floor ,,plan ,,showing ,,future ,,additions ,illustration3 ,,basement ,,plan ,illustration3 ,,view ,,of ,,original ,,unit ,illustration3 ,,view ,,of ,,complete ,,house #ag ,prepared by ,h4 ,b4 ,boynton and ,j4 ,m4 ,thompson for the department of agricultural engineering1 ,virginia ,polytechnic ,institute4 ,,moderate-,,sized ,,one-,,story ,,houses ,houses of this group can best be built complete at one time1 though in several cases it is noted that rooms may be omitted from the original building or extra rooms added4 ,the larger houses of this group provide about the same features as the completed growing houses4 ,the more compact two-bedroom houses are well adapted to farms where two or more separate dwellings are needed4 ,,plan #febf1ah ,,for ,,timbered ,,sections ,floor areas2 ,superstructure1 #hde square feet4 ,porches1 #cjj square feet4 ,in spite of present-day improvements in building materials1 there is something about the rugged appearance of a log cabin that harmonizes with rural settings4 ,log construction blends into wooded surroundings more intimately than boards1 bricks1 or stucco4 ,house #febf will accommodate #d persons comfortably1 or even #e or #f persons if a couch is placed in a corner of the living room4 ,the location of the bathroom not only serves the bedrooms but is convenient to the kitchen and the rear porch4 ,illustration3 ,,floor ,,plan ,the central chimney serves the kitchen range1 circulator heater1 and fireplace4 ,the ample size of the kitchen1 and its built-in cupboards1 dish cabinets1 and other conveniences add greatly to the desirability of the design4 ,if a pass cupboard between kitchen and living room is desired1 it may be arranged in the cabinet next to the outer wall4 ,illustration3 ,,view ,,of ,,completed ,,house #ah ,prepared by ,n4 ,g4 ,napier for the department of agricultural engineering1 ,university of ,arkansas4 ,,plan #febgai ,floor areas3 ,superstructure1 main house1 #iae square feet2 with storage addition #a1abj square feet4 ,cellar1 #aae square feet4 ,porches1 #acj square feet4 ,this house is similar in many respects to the first unit of #febb 7p4 #bf71 but is enlarged to provide for the bathroom4 ,a shallow root cellar with room above is added at the rear of the house to provide extra storage if needed in localities where a cellar is not practicable4 ,as in the case of plan #febb1 two more bedrooms may be added to the left side of the house by taking space from the rear bedroom for a hallway4 ,illustration3 ,,floor ,,plan ,the house is planned to be heated by a jacketed heater in the workroom with a cold-air return duct under the floor and cold-air registers in the living room and bedrooms4 ,this arrangement will keep all handling of coal and ashes out of the living parts of the house4 ,illustration3 ,,view ,,of ,,completed ,,house #ai ,prepared by ,o4 ,r4 ,s4 ,trabor for the department of agricultural engineering1 ,university of ,missouri4 ,,plan #febh1bj ,,for ,,the ,,north ,floor areas3 ,superstructure1 #hjj square feet4 ,cellar1 #hjj square feet4 ,house #febh is intended for use in cold1 snowy regions1 where farmers need cellars for storing fuel and vegetables4 ,the hip roof helps to brace the house against the wind and is economical of material4 ,a well-insulated ceiling is recommended to help keep the house comfortable4 ,the substantial chimney in the center of the house1 with separate flues for furnace1 kitchen range1 and fireplace1 insures good draft and no wasted heat4 ,the vestibule at the front and the hall arrangement at the side door also aid in keeping the house warm4 ,both doors are convenient to the driveway and the path to the barn4 ,illustration3 ,,floor ,,plan ,the washroom and laundry of this house are in the cellar4 ,this is a satisfactory and economical arrangement where there is good drainage for both the cellar and the plumbing fixtures1 and is particularly advantageous on rolling ground4 ,but one should beware of putting a deep cellar in a poorly drained location4 7,see ,farmers' ,bulletin #aegb1 ,making ,cellars ,dry47 ,illustration3 ,,view ,,of ,,completed ,,house #bj ,prepared by ,s4 ,a4 ,witzel for the department of agricultural engineering1 ,university of ,wisconsin4 ,,plan #febiba ,floor areas3 ,superstructure1 #gdj square feet4 ,porches1 #bej square feet4 ,this house was designed to meet the needs of a family of #d to #f people4 ,the porch faces the highway1 and paths from the front and side porches lead to the farm drive4 ,the kitchen is complete and compact4 ,the extra space found in many farm kitchens has been omitted and a workroom added to provide for laundry and other rough work4 ,this also provides a place for men to leave their outer wraps and wash before entering the living room4 ,storage space can be obtained in the attic by the use of a disappearing stair in the workroom ceiling4 ,no wood or coal range is provided for in this plan1 because the use of an oil1 gas1 or electric stove saves space in the kitchen and correspondingly reduces the cost of the house4 ,this saving and the convenience of a small1 compact cooking unit deserve careful consideration in localities where these fuels are cheaply available4 ,heating is accomplished by means of a circulator heater in the living room4 ,the designer of this plan states3 ,the bedrooms are small4 ,they are little used during waking hours1 thus they can be reduced with less injury to family comfort than any other room4 ,the large living room more than compensates for this4 ,when funds are limited it is always debatable1 in a great portion of the ,united ,states1 whether spending money for a porch is wise1 because the same money could be used instead to increase the area of the house proper4 ,in this particular case the porch could be left off without harm4 ,illustration3 ,,view ,,of ,,completed ,,home ,,and ,,floor ,,plan #ba ,prepared by ,h4 ,e4 ,wichers and ,o4 ,s4 ,ekdahl for the department of architecture1 ,kansas ,state ,agricultural ,college4 ,,plan #fecjbb ,floor areas3 ,superstructure1 #a1aee square feet4 ,porches1 #bde square feet4 ,the well-known economy of square house construction is illustrated by this plan4 ,a choice of heating methods without a cellar is indicated4 ,if a circulator heater is used in the hall1 as shown1 the chimney between the bedrooms will not be needed1 and if extra bedrooms are wanted they may be added as in plan #feag 7p4 #ah74 ,a fireplace in the back bedroom would1 of course1 interfere with taking a hall off this room4 ,illustration3 ,,floor ,,plan ,kitchen doors are located to permit easy communication between the screened porch and the hall without interference with the work area while the screened porch is useful as both work and dining area4 ,this latter feature1 together with the ample size of the bedrooms1 living room kitchen1 makes the dwelling especially suitable for the small family in the ,south4 ,the addition of a cellar under one-half of the house and of a central heating plant would adapt this plan to other sections of the country1 though the rooms are rather larger than is common in the ,north4 ,illustration3 ,,view ,,of ,,completed ,,home #bb ,prepared by ,w4 ,c4 ,breithaupt and ,h4 ,w4 ,dearing for the department of agricultural engineering1 ,alabama ,polytechnic ,institute4 ,,plan #fecabc ,floor areas3 ,superstructure1 #a1ahe square feet4 ,porches1 #aee square feet4 ,house #feca should be compared with no4 #fecc4 ,the two plans were developed independently1 but are very similar and illustrate a logical grouping of rooms for a farmhouse4 ,in some respects the arrangement of #feca works out more satisfactorily because it is not restricted by the structural details of framing a pitched roof4 ,this house is a model of compactness and efficiency4 ,note the simple but effective way in which the kitchen and heater room are located back to back4 ,the floor of the heater room is a concrete slab1 two steps below the main floor level4 ,a pass cupboard between the kitchen and dining room is handy for serving meals4 ,it also provides storage space beneath its counter4 ,the entire bedroom side may be omitted from the original house1 in which case the workroom would serve for dining and the dining room for a bedroom4 ,all dimensions of this house are multiples of #c-a_/b feet4 ,wall1 door1 and window sections might be prefabricated so that erection would consist merely of bolting the sections together1 or the house can be built in the ordinary way4 ,the sketch at the top of page #da illustrates the use of sheet metal as an exterior covering1 the one in the center shows concrete blocks1 and the bottom view shows the walls covered with a combination of lap siding and shingles or wide boards4 ,the flat roof should be covered with good roofing and well-insulated for comfort in both summer and winter as described in the working drawings4 ,the cost of the insulated flat roof should not be greater than that of an ordinary pitched roof without insulation4 ,the accumulation of snow will help to keep the building warm4 ,illustration3 ,,floor ,,plan ,illustration3 ,,view ,,of ,,completed ,,home ,illustration3 ,,view ,,of ,,completed ,,home ,illustration3 ,,view ,,of ,,completed ,,home #bc ,prepared by ,albert ,frey for the ,bureaus of ,agricultural ,engineering and ,home ,economies1 ,u4,s4 ,department of ,agriculture4 ,,plan #fecbbd ,floor areas3 ,superstructure1 #a1abe square feet ,porches1 #ce square feet4 ,this is a new type of low-cost house designed to provide five small single bedrooms or sleeping compartments and one bedroom of average size4 ,the sleeping compartments are not very large1 but to secure privacy and yet maintain economy of construction1 something must be sacrificed4 ,in this case it is unnecessary space4 ,illustration3 ,,view ,,of ,,completed ,,home ,,and ,,floor ,,plan ,the sketch showing the arrangement of bunks illustrates an interesting feature of this house4 ,in the right-hand room the bunk is near the floor1 and wardrobe and dresser space is obtained in the partition between the two rooms4 ,in the left-hand room the bunk is #d feet above the floor and projects over the one on the other side of the partition4 ,wardrobe space is arranged under the bunk4 ,this room is especially suitable for a boy4 ,a folding study table is provided under the window in each room4 ,on warm nights air circulation would be obtained by opening the bedroom doors to the hall1 which is ventilated by the windows above the lower roof4 ,by omitting all but one of the partitions forming the five small bedrooms two good-sized rooms can be obtained4 ,illustration3 ,,cross ,,section ,,of ,,bedrooms ,,and ,,wardrobe ,,at ,b-,b ,illustration3 ,,side ,,view ,,of ,,bunk ,,at ,a-,a ,the exterior appearance may seem1 at first glance1 unusually severe1 but by omitting a pitched roof and the ornamental features of cornice moldings and trim decorations1 the cost of construction is materially lowered4 ,here everything has been reduced to the simplest form possible4 ,with the heater room adjoining the kitchen1 there is little need for a basement1 thus an important item of expense is eliminated4 ,the kitchen and workroom form a compact and very convenient unit along the driveway side of the house1 while the large living room commands a good view of the highway4 ,the living room and halls are lighted and ventilated by the small windows above the lower roofs4 ,closet space is provided in every room4 ,as in plan #feca 7p4 #dj71 all dimensions are multiples of #c-a_/b feet so that the house can be either prefabricated or built in the ordinary way4 #bd ,prepared by ,albert ,frey and ,r4 ,g4 ,allen for the ,bureaus of ,agricultural ,engineering and ,home ,economics1 ,u4,s4 ,department of ,agriculture4 ,,plan #feccbe ,floor areas3 ,superstructure1 #a1acj square feet4 ,porch1 #hj square feet4 ,cellar1 #bhj square feet4 ,house #fecc is one of the few designs in which a separate dining space was allotted4 ,many people do not consider a separate dining room essential in the small farmhouse1 and additional space adds to the cost1 but in this case the arrangement adds to the spaciousness of the interior without greatly increasing the cost4 ,the rear entry is large enough to serve as laundry and washroom1 and constitutes a back way from the kitchen to the bedrooms and bathroom without passing through the living room4 ,the kitchen1 with cross ventilation and ample cupboard and counter space1 is a pleasant workshop for the housewife1 and is so arranged that easy service to the dining alcove is possible4 ,the bedrooms and adjoining bath are grouped together1 allowing that portion of the house to be closed off from the living portion4 ,in the cellar is the heating plant1 with fuel bin4 ,the house is kept low to give it an appearance of hugging the ground1 but in no case should the joists be below the ground level4 ,shingles1 beveled siding1 or clapboards may be used for the exterior surface4 ,illustration3 ,,floor ,,plan #be ,prepared by ,max ,uhlig for the department of agricultural engineering1 ,massachusetts ,agricultural ,college4 ,illustration3 ,,view ,,of ,,completed ,,house 99 99 99 99 99 ,,houses ,,of ,,more ,,than ,,one ,,story ,in many respects houses of more than one story are better suited for farm use in the ,northern ,states than single-story buildings4 ,they are more economical in foundation and roof construction1 and are easier to heat4 ,they should be arranged with one bedroom and a bath1 or at least a toilet1 on the ground floor4 ,a cellar for fuel and vegetable storage and a central heating plant are usually needed with this type of house4 ,the laundry may also be located in the cellar if suitable drainage and a grade door to the outside can be obtained1 but in a poorly drained location it is best to keep the laundry above-ground4 ,in building a cellar advantage should be taken of the slope of the ground to obtain good lighting and an easy entrance on the low side of the slope4 ,to avoid uncomfortably warm second-floor bedrooms in summer cross ventilation should be provided in each room4 ,insulation of the ceiling is valuable both in summer and in winter4 ,it is very convenient to have a bathroom on the second-floor as well as one on the first-floor1 especially if rooms are to be rented to tourists when the family does not need the whole house4 ,,plan #fecdbf ,floor areas3 ,superstructure1 original house1 #a1dbj square feet2 with living room addition1 #a1gbj square feet4 ,cellar1 #gge square feet4 ,porches1 #bhe square feet4 ,illustration3 ,,main ,,floor ,,plan ,illustration3 ,,second ,,floor ,,plan ,the first-floor and cellar plans of house #fecd are almost the same as the original unit of no4 #febe 7p4 #cb71 but there are comfortable bedrooms1 a bath1 and closet space on the second-floor4 ,if funds are available to build the living room wing indicated1 the entire dwelling will breathe the traditional southern spirit of hospitable spaciousness4 ,the hall and stair arrangements of this house are very good4 ,persons coming in at the back door can leave wraps in the vestibule at the head of the cellar stairs and go directly to any downstairs room or to the cellar1 yet there is little lost space4 ,if the house should at some time be occupied by a small family1 the entire upstairs could be shut off4 ,persons wishing rooms for tourists will find either the upstairs bedrooms or the downstairs bedroom and bath very suitable for this purpose4 ,illustration3 ,,view ,,of ,,original ,,unit ,illustration3 ,,view ,,of ,,completed ,,house #bf ,prepared by ,h4 ,b4 ,boynton and ,j4 ,m4 ,thompson for the department of agricultural engineering1 ,virginia ,polytechnic ,institute4 ,,plan #fecebg ,floor areas3 ,superstructure1 #hbj square feet4 ,porch1 #cj square feet4 ,this might well be considered the smallest story-and-a-half farmhouse that could be practicably built4 ,the designer has utilized the space to good advantage1 omitting a bath in the original structure for the sake of economy4 ,the working drawings show a future addition to the house which provides a bedroom and bath on the first-floor4 ,the alternate floor plan shows a dormer in the rear like the one on the front1 to make room for a second-floor bath4 ,a distinctive feature of this compact design is the ,l-shaped kitchen with its well-grouped and well-lighted working surfaces and dining table4 ,the arrangement of an ,l-shaped room is often a problem when enlarging or remodeling4 ,the living room is arranged for both day and night use1 with a folding bed in a closet4 ,illustration3 ,,view ,,of ,,completed ,,house ,illustration3 ,,first ,,floor ,,plan ,illustration3 ,,alternate ,,first ,,floor ,,plan ,illustration3 ,,second ,,floor ,,plan ,illustration3 ,,alternate ,,second ,,floor ,,plan #bg ,prepared by ,c4 ,t ,bridgman for the department of agricultural engineering1 ,iowa ,state ,college4 ,,plan #fecf1bh ,,for ,,the ,,north ,floor areas3 ,superstructure1 #aefj square feet4 ,cellar1 #djj square feet4 ,porch1 #baj square feet4 ,this design illustrates a type of farmhouse frequently built in recent years because of its simple lines and economy of construction4 ,it illustrates the pleasing possibility of fitting the farmhouse to sloping ground1 with ample light in the basement and easy flights of steps between the house proper1 the large workroom at the rear1 and the cellar4 ,illustration3 ,,first ,,floor ,,plan ,the partition between the main rooms downstairs is carried up to divide the second-floor1 giving these bedrooms ample size and good cross ventilation and making a strong construction that will not sag in years to come4 ,a second bathroom may be provided in the storage space by the chimney1 thus adding to the comfort of the home and making the upstairs rooms suitable for rental to tourists if desired4 ,the roof should be insulated to give comfort both in summer and in winter4 ,illustration3 ,,interior ,,view ,,of ,,kitchen ,illustration3 ,,view ,,of ,,completed ,,house ,illustration3 ,,second ,,floor ,,plan ,the downstairs hall1 lighted by the windows on the stairs1 is compact and provides easy communication between all rooms4 ,the living room is well-lighted and has good wall spaces for furniture4 ,the combined kitchen and dining room1 with the sink at right angles to the outside wall1 as shown in the interior view1 gives the housewife three walls of continuous work surfaces and in addition light and the view from all the windows of the room4 ,children can play or older members visit in the dining end with slight interference to the housewife's work4 ,this is especially helpful on chilly days in the fall and spring when the kitchen stove provides the only heat in the house4 ,the part basement furnishes space for a furnace and for storage of fruits and vegetables4 #bh ,prepared by ,c4 ,j4 ,poiesz and ,eldred ,mowery for the ,bureaus of ,agricultural ,engineering and ,home ,economics1 ,u4,s4 ,department of ,agriculture4 ,,plan #fecgbi ,floor areas3 ,superstructure 7including enclosed porch7 #a1ebj square feet4 ,cellar1 #hdj square feet4 ,terrace and steps1 #ajj square feet4 ,house #fecg is similar in many respects to no4 #fecf1 and has much the same advantages1 though the rooms are somewhat smaller4 ,a second downstairs bedroom can be added beside the bathroom1 if needed1 or the two bedrooms on the second-floor can be left unfinished if funds are not on hand to complete the building in the beginning4 ,the sketch indicates the roof line sweeping down snug over the window of the first-floor bedroom1 a feature which is carried out with similar success in plan #fech4 ,designs of this type help to keep a two-story home from appearing too tall and make it a more harmonious unit in the farmstead scheme4 ,illustration3 ,,first ,,floor ,,plan ,illustration3 ,,view ,,of ,,completed ,,house ,illustration3 ,,second ,,floor ,,plan #bi ,prepared by ,t4 ,a4 ,zink for the department of agricultural engineering1 ,purdue ,university4 ,,plan #fechcj ,floor areas3 ,superstructure1 #a1gdj square feet4 ,cellar1 #che square feet4 ,stoops1 #hj square feet4 ,house #fech may be roofed in a number of ways1 with slight alterations in the arrangement of the second-floor4 ,the appearance is1 of course1 greatly altered2 but in each case is pleasing4 ,with the modernistic flat roof1 any waste spaces caused by the sloping roofs in the other designs are eliminated4 ,the storage room on the second-floor then becomes suitable for a child's bedroom1 a sewing room1 or an office1 and the flat-deck porch roof will serve as a sleeping porch4 ,illustration3 ,,view ,,of ,,completed ,,house ,the plan is simple and well proportioned4 ,since the arrangement of the entrance is a little unusual1 the location of the driveway and the path to the barn should be given careful study before deciding upon the site and placing of the house4 ,illustration3 ,,first ,,floor ,,plan ,illustration3 ,,view ,,of ,,completed ,,houses ,construction should be simple4 ,in the case of the modernistic house1 concrete or stucco is suggested for the first story and boards and battens for the second4 ,illustration3 ,,second ,,floor ,,plan #cj ,prepared by ,w4 ,k4 ,bartges and ,earl ,barnett for the department of agricultural engineering4 ,university of ,california44 ,,plan #feci1ca ,,for ,,the ,,north ,illustration3 ,,view ,,of ,,first ,,stage ,floor areas3 ,superstructure1 original house1 #a1ajj square feet2 with kitchen addition1 #a1bgj square feet2 with all additions shown1 #a1fbj square feet4 ,porches1 original house1 #ij square feet2 completed house1 #bhe square feet4 ,cellar1 #efe square feet4 ,illustration3 ,,first ,,floor ,,plan ,thousands of farmhouses in all parts of the ,north and ,middle ,west have begun like house #feci1 and the development illustrated for this one should offer helpful suggestions both to farmers who plan to build new and those who expect to remodel present houses4 ,it is a very practical design1 expressing honest dignity4 ,illustration3 ,,second ,,floor ,,plan ,the plans on this page show the original unit1 which would supply a comfortable yet economical dwelling1 with a basement for fuel and storage4 ,the first addition might be either the new #g kitchen and porch or the downstairs bedroom1 bath1 and laundry4 ,if needed1 a third upstairs bedroom and a bathroom can be added over those in the first-floor addition1 as shown in the working drawings1 with little loss of material or work1 because the downstairs bedroom has a flat-deck roof4 ,this would increase the floor area of the superstructure to #a1ijj square feet4 ,illustration3 ,,view ,,of ,,completed ,,house ,illustration3 ,,first ,,floor ,,plan ,,with ,,additions #ca ,prepared by ,j4 ,m4 ,deibert for the ,bureaus of ,agricultural ,engineering and ,home ,economics1 ,u4,s4 ,department of ,agriculture4 ,,plan #fedjcb ,floor areas3 ,superstructure1 #a1chj square feet4 ,porch1 #gj square feet4 ,cellar1 #gfj square feet4 ,this plan is intended for use in the ,north1 where the compact floor plan with cellar and inside chimney and the front vestibule will simplify the heating problem4 ,the first-floor level is above the ordinary height of packed snow in winter1 but the grade entrance gives easy communication with both the cellar and the main part of the house4 ,this permits convenient use of the cellar as a washroom and laundry1 if in a well-drained location1 as well as for storage purposes4 ,the house is roomy and well-arranged1 with a downstairs bedroom and bathroom4 ,by a slight change to make the second-floor like the first1 a bathroom or toilet could be arranged in the large closet by the stairs4 ,storage space is provided in the attic4 ,all second-floor partitions are directly above those of the first floor1 thus making a strong1 rigid house with the least framing material4 ,illustration3 ,,first ,,floor ,,plan ,illustration3 ,,second ,,floor ,,plan ,illustration3 ,,completed ,,house #cb ,prepared by ,h4 ,w4 ,orth and ,r4 ,a4 ,gmeinder for the division of agricultural engineering1 ,university of ,minnesota4 ,,very ,,small ,,houses ,the dimensions of the houses in the very-small-house group are kept to the minimum by using the living rooms for sleeping rooms at night4 ,these houses cannot be considered adequate for the typical farm family1 but will serve for young married couples or for tenants with small families4 ,,plan #fejacc ,floor areas3 ,superstructure1 #cbe square feet4 ,stoop1 #ae square feet4 ,in plan #feja1 sleeping space is provided in double-deck beds screened from the living room by draw curtains4 ,if more space is wanted later1 a bedroom wing can be added at the end of the living room4 ,to save space1 the kitchen is planned for an oil1 gas1 or electric stove4 ,with a house of this size1 part of the housework would have to be done outdoors1 and a paved or graveled space under a tree near the house would be a convenience4 ,illustration3 ,,floor ,,plan ,illustration3 ,,completed ,,house #cc ,prepared by ,h4 ,e4 ,wichers1 ,n4 ,f4 ,resell1 and ,o4 ,s4 ,ekdahl1 for ,kansas ,state ,college4 ,,plan #fejbcd ,floor areas3 ,superstructure1 #fjj square feet4 ,stoop1 #ce square feet4 ,the special feature of plan #fejb is the well-arranged kitchen1 with good storage space and a compact work area at one side of the direct line of travel from the back door4 ,some privacy at night is afforded by the double wardrobes and folding screen between the two beds in the living room4 ,the side porch will serve the double purpose of workroom and sleeping porch4 ,it should be screened and have curtains to keep out the rain4 ,by adding #d feet to the living room and an additional partition1 a third room could be provided4 ,a shower bath may be installed in the large closet as shown4 ,illustration3 ,,completed ,,house ,illustration3 ,,floor ,,plan #cd ,prepared by ,a4 ,l4 ,matthews and ,n4 ,g4 ,napier for the department of agricultural engineering1 ,university of ,arkansas1 ,,plan #fejcce ,floor areas3 ,superstructure1 original house #ebj square feet2 with addition1 #hbe square feet4 ,small homes are often cut up into several rooms1 with the result that in them a person has a boxed-in feeling4 ,in plan #fejc the rooms are few1 and each is used for more than one purpose4 ,if the cost must be kept to a minimum1 the bedroom and sleeping porch may be omitted in the original construction4 ,the kitchen-dining room is unusually large for a house of this size1 and the equipment is grouped in the front part of the room where the housewife can have a good view of the highway4 ,when the bedroom and sleeping porch are built1 the bunk in the kitchen-dining room may be taken out to provide more dining space2 or if one desires a cellar under part of the house1 the cellar stairway may replace the bunk space4 ,a large window and high-beamed ceiling are features of the living room4 ,the chimney must not be too small2 it is a feature of the house4 ,illustration3 ,,floor ,,plan ,illustration3 ,,completed ,,house #ce ,prepared by ,r4 ,a4 ,deal and ,w4 ,w4 ,de,neff for the department of agricultural engineering1 ,state ,college of ,washington4 ,,plan #fejd1cf ,,for ,,the ,,southwest ,floor areas3 ,superstructure1 #dcj square feet4 ,porches1 #ade square feet4 ,plans #fejd and #feje were designed for the central valleys of ,california1 where outdoor sleeping is invited1 by the mild nights4 ,these were designed for temporary homes to be used later as shops1 bunk houses1 storage buildings1 or for other uses1 so concrete floors are recommended4 ,low-cost frameless construction is shown in the working drawings4 ,there are no ceilings4 ,the shower baths shown in the plans can be installed cheaply4 ,the kitchens and work porches are large enough for the needs of a good-sized family4 ,plenty of windows are provided for ventilation4 ,the kitchen arrangement shows a wood-burning stove1 and a large refrigerator placed against an inside wall for protection from the outdoor heat4 ,it is expected that meals will ordinarily be eaten in the kitchen or outdoors4 ,illustration3 ,,floor ,,plan ,illustration3 ,,completed ,,house ,,plan #feje1cf ,,for ,,the ,,southwest ,floor areas3 ,superstructure1 #daj square feet4 ,porches1 #abe square feet4 ,illustration3 ,,completed ,,house ,illustration3 ,,floor ,,plan #cf ,prepared by ,w4 ,k4 ,bartges and ,earl ,barnett for the department of agricultural engineering1 ,university of ,california4 ,,plan #fejf1cg ,,for ,,new ,,england ,floor areas3 ,superstructure1 #edj square feet4 ,porches1 #fj square feet4 ,though the rooms in plan #fejf have been kept as small as possible in order to reduce cost1 good use of space is realized in the arrangement4 ,additions to the house would enable it to accommodate an average-sized family4 ,a work-porch addition beside the kitchen and living room1 between the windows1 would provide a place for laundry work and for hanging outer wraps4 ,a bathroom might be built by enclosing a portion of the front porch and enlarging the window to make a doorway from the hall4 ,if desired1 a third bedroom could be added at the end of the living room4 ,illustration3 ,,completed ,,house ,illustration3 ,,floor ,,plan #cg ,prepared by ,bernhard ,dirks for the department of agricultural engineering1 ,massachusetts ,state ,college4 ,,plan #fejg1ch ,,for ,,the ,,north ,floor areas3 ,superstructure1 original house1 #chj square feet2 with first addition #fjj square feet4 ,porches and entrances1 #ej square feet4 ,cellar1 first unit #chj square feet2 with addition #fjj square feet4 ,plan #fejg is intended for snowy sections1 and the first-floor is purposely raised above the winter snow level4 ,the house can be built in either one or two stages4 ,no partition divides the kitchen and living room1 which permits heating the house with the kitchen range in mild weather4 ,it also aids ventilation in summer and facilitates serving of meals in the living room4 ,the steps to the cellar are outside the house1 protected by a storm door4 ,there is ample space in the cellar for laundry and storage4 ,a cistern under the kitchen provides soft water4 ,illustration3 ,,floor ,,plan ,,and ,,completed ,,house #ch ,prepared by ,s4 ,a4 ,witzel for the department of agricultural engineering1 ,university of ,wisconsin4 ,illustration3 ,,completed ,,house ,,plan #fejh1ci ,,for ,,the ,,northwest ,floor areas3 ,superstructure1 first stage #che square feet2 second stage #fje square feet2 third stage #gee square feet4 ,porches and steps1 first stage #bj square feet2 second and third stages #gj square feet4 ,this house is designed for the minimum requirements of beginners on the land1 the first portion being #af by #bd feet outside4 ,it may either be enlarged for a permanent dwelling or later used as a service building4 ,the bedroom is ample in size1 but the living room1 because it must also be used temporarily as a kitchen and dining room1 will be crowded4 ,this unit may be made #ah feet instead of #af feet wide4 ,later the kitchen and a small bedroom may be added at the rear of the first unit1 with a side porch off the kitchen4 ,the door between the kitchen and living room will then be changed to the right of the chimney1 and a narrow hall taken off the rear of the front bedroom4 ,illustration3 ,,floor ,,plan ,if an additional bedroom is desired1 it can be added to the left of the bathroom1 making the third stage for this house4 ,the closet in the kitchen should be removed and a door cut through to allow easy access from the kitchen to the bath and bedrooms4 ,the bedroom closets must be rearranged to allow for these changes4 ,illustration3 ,,completed ,,house ,illustration3 ,,floor ,,plan #ci ,prepared by ,r4 ,a4 ,deal and ,w4 ,w4 ,de,neff for the department of agricultural engineering1 ,state ,college of ,washington4 ,,plan #feji1dj ,,for ,,the ,,south ,floor areas3 ,superstructure1 #ebe square feet4 ,porches and steps1 #ij square feet4 ,illustration3 ,,completed ,,house ,illustration3 ,,floor ,,plan ,plans #feji and #feaj1 for the ,south and the ,middle ,west1 respectively1 are low-cost houses for families that need only one bedroom4 ,the kitchens are well-arranged and have good storage space4 ,closet space also is ample for houses of this size4 ,a storage and workroom1 as shown in plan #feaj1 is a good feature for the ,north but is not so much needed in the ,south1 where mild weather permits doing much housework outdoors4 ,the living room fireplace and kitchen range should heat house #feji comfortably under ordinary southern conditions1 but in the ,north arrangements should be made for a stove or circulator heater as in plan #feaj4 #dj ,prepared by ,w4 ,c4 ,breithaupt and ,h4 ,w4 ,dearing for the department of agricultural engineering1 ,alabama ,polytechnic ,institute4 ,,plan #feaj1da ,,for ,,the ,,middle ,,west ,floor areas3 ,superstructure1 #gdj square feet4 ,porches and steps1 #fj square feet4 ,illustration3 ,,floor ,,plan ,,and ,,completed ,,house #da ,prepared by ,h4 ,j4 ,mc,kee and ,arthur ,wupper for the department of agricultural engineering1 ,university of ,illinois4 99 99 99 99 99 ,u4,s4 ,,government ,,printing ,,office3 #aicd ,for sale by the ,superintendent of ,documents1 ,washington1 ,d4,c4 ,price #aj cents 99 99 99 99 99 ,transcriber ,notes ,all illustration were move so that paragraphs were not split4 ,all plan footnotes were moved to the end of that plan4 ,all plan illustrations were captioned and standardized to ,,all ,,caps4