,,religi\s ,,reality  ,a ,,book ,,= ,,m5
  ,a4 ,e4 ,j4 ,,rawl9son  ,/ud5t ( ,*ri/
 ,*ur*1 ,ox=d2 ,exam9+ ,*apla9 to !     
,bi%op ( ,li*field2 ,prie/-,9-,*>ge (   
,/4 ,john ,! ,evangeli/1 ,wilton ,road1 
,s4,w42 ,=m]ly ,tutor ( ,keble ,college 
& ,late ,*apla9 to ! ,=ces4   ,,) ,a    
,,preface  ,,by  ,,! ,,bi%op ,,(        
,,li*field   #aiah     ,,preface  ,,by  
,,! ,,bi%op ,,( ,,li*field   ,?is is a  
book :i* is want$4 ,?\ghtful m51 9 e    
class1 are n afraid ( !ology1 i4e4 ( a  
reason$ acc\nt ( _! religion1 b !y want 
a !ology :i* c be /at$ )\t conv5tions & 
te*nicalities2 !y d n at all c>e = a    
religion :i* pret5ds to d away ) all    
my/]y1 b !y are glad to be assur$ ( !   
ess5tial reasonabl5ess ( ! ,*ri/ian     
,fai?2 !y d n expect a ready-made       
solution ( ! problem ( evil1 b !y wi% to
 see x hone/ly fac$2 above all1 !y want 
to "k h[ ,*ri/ian tru? be>s on ! real   
problems ( life2 ! be/ ( !m are n at all
 afraid ( a religion :i* makes big dem&s
 on !m1 b !y "k well en\gh ! difficulty 

( respond+ to ^? claims1 & _! greate/   
ne$ ( all is to f9d & to use t life &   
p[]1 com+ f a liv+ ,p]son1 )\t :i* our  
be/ aspirations mu/ fail & our highe/   
ideals rema9 unrealiz$4  ,^! ne$s seem  
to me to be satisfactorily & happily met
 9 ! foll[+ pages4 ,my fri5d & *apla91  
,mr4 ,rawl9son1 has _h good means ( kn[+
 :at m5 are & :at !y want4 ,he has _h to
 d ) ! und]graduate1 ) (fic]s & m5 9 !  
,army1 & ) ! ord9>y civilian 9 p>i%     
life4 ,he has be5 able to see ! nature &
 ne$s ( our ,briti% manhood at diff]5t  
angles1 & he is ! sort ( man ) :om m5   
are n afraid to talk4 ,he has _h good   
opportunity ( diagnos+ ! situation1 &   
?is book %[s 8 skill 9 deal+ ) x4  ,i d 
n f9d myself 9 agreem5t ) ev]y?+ 9 ^!   
pages1 b :5 ,i am consci\s ( diff]5ce ( 
view1 ,i am no less grateful = ! /imulus
 to ?\ght4 ,i am specially ?ankful t !  
writ] has be5 s c\rage\s 9 tackl+ ! mo/ 
difficult subjects4  ,i "k t ! au?or's  
"o desire is to help m5 to be m real 9  
_! religion4 ,i %>e 8 hope1 & ,i believe

 t ?is book w d mu* to accompli% x4     
,,au?or',s ,,preface   ,?is book has    
gr[n out ( ! writ]'s exp]i5ce 9 prep>+  
m5 & (fic]s 9 milit>y hospitals =       
,confirmation4 ,x repres5ts1 9 a        
consid]ably exp&$ b--z x is hop$--/ill  
simple =m1 ! k9d ( ?+s :i* he w\ld h    
wi%$ to say to !m1 & to o!rs ) :om he 0 
br\ght into contact1 if he _h _h m "t & 
opportunity ?an 0 usually af=d$ him4 ,x 
seem$ necess>y to write ! book1 because 
!re did n appe> to be 9 exi/5ce any     
reasonably %ort book on simil> l9es :i* 
cov]$ ! gr\nd ( ,*ri/ian fai? & practice
 z a :ole1 & :i* approa*$ ! subject f ! 
po9t ( view :i* seems to ! writ] to be !
 mo/ real4  ,! writ] is consci\sly      
indebt$ 9 ! fir/ *apt] to ! discussion (
 our ,"l's tea*+ & "* 9 ,dr4 ,t4 ,b4    
,glov]'s fasc9at+ book1 ,! ,jesus (     
,hi/ory4 ,x is possible t !re are o!r & 
unconsci\s obligations :i* h be5        
ov]look$4 ,"h & !re ackn[l$gm5t is made 
9 footnotes1 & an occasional phrase1    
lift$ f "s o!r writ]1 has be5 plac$ 9   

inv]t$ commas4  ,9 ,*apt] ,,viii4 ( ,"p 
,i4 ! au?or has e*o$ ! ?\ght1 & to a    
c]ta9 ext5t ! word+1 ( p>ts ( 8 own     
essay on ,! ,pr9ciple ( ,au?ority 9     
,f\ndations4  ,= help 9 ! correction ( !
 pro(s1 & = criticisms & sugge/ions :i* 
h l$ to num]\s modifications &          
improvem5ts 9 matt]s ( detail1 ! ?anks (
 ! writ] are due to v>i\s fri5ds1 & m   
p>ticul>ly to 8 bro!r1 ,lieut5ant ,a4   
,c4 ,rawl9son1 ( ! ,que5's ,own         
,ox=d%ire ,huss>s2 to ! ,rev4 ,au/9     
,?ompson1 ,vic> ( ,s4 ,pet]'s1 ,eaton   
,squ>e2 & to ! ,rev4 ,leon>d ,hodgson1  
,vice-,pr9cipal ( ,s4 ,edmund ,hall1    
,ox=d4  ,novemb]1 #aiag4     ,,cont5ts  
,,preface ,,by ,,! ,,bi%op ,,(          
,,li*field  ,,introduction   ,,"p ,i    
,,! ,,!ory ,,( ,,! ,,*ri/ian ,,religion 
,,*ap4  ,i4    ,,! ,,man ,,*ri/ ,,jesus 
,,ii4   ,,! ,,revelation ,,( ,,! ,,fa!r 
,,iii4  ,,! ,,fell[%ip ,,( ,,! ,,_s     
,,iv4   ,,! ,,holy ,,tr9ity  ,v4    ,,! 
,,problem ,,( ,,evil  ,,vi4   ,,s9 ,,&  
,,r$emption  ,,vii4  ,,! ,,*ur* ,,& ,,h]

 ,,mission ,,9 ,,! ,,_w  ,,viii4        
,,prote/ant ,,& ,,ca?olic  ,,ix4        
,,sacram5ts  ,x4    ,,! ,,la/ ,,?+s     
,,xi4   ,,cl]gy ,,& ,,laity  ,,xii4  ,,!
 ,,bible   ,,"p ,,ii  ,,! ,,practice ,,(
 ,,! ,,*ri/ian ,,religion  ,i4    ,,!   
,,*ri/ian ,,aim  ,,ii4   ,,! ,,way ,,(  
,,! ,,_w  ,,iii4  ,,! ,,_s ,,& ,,!      
,,fle%  ,,iv4   ,,! ,,works ,,( ,,!     
,,devil  ,v4    ,,! ,,k+dom ,,( ,,god   
,,vi4   ,,*ri/ianity ,,& ,,comm]ce      
,,vii4  ,,*ri/ianity ,,& ,,indu/ry      
,,viii4 ,,*ri/ianity ,,& ,,politics     
,,ix4   ,,*ri/ianity ,,& ,,w>  ,x4      
,,love1 ,,c\rt%ip1 ,,& ,,m>riage    ,,"p
 ,,iii  ,,! ,,ma9t5ance ,,( ,,!         
,,*ri/ian ,,life  ,i4   ,,h[ ,,to ,,beg9
  ,,ii4  ,,pray]  ,,iii4                
,,self-,,exam9ation ,,& ,,rep5tance     
,,iv4  ,,corporate ,,wor%ip ,,&         
,,communion  ,v4   ,,! ,,devotional     
,,use ,,( ,,! ,,bible  ,,vi4  ,,almsgiv+
 ,,& ,,fa/+     ,,introduction   ,vital 
religion beg9s = a man :5 lie fir/      
discov]s ! reality ( ! liv+ ,,god4 ,mo/ 

m5 inde$ pr(ess a belief 9 ,,god1 a     
vague ackn[l$gm5t ( ! exi/5ce ( ,"o     
above3 b ! belief c\nts = little 9 _!   
lives4  ,,god1 if ,he exi/s at all1 mu/ 
obvi\sly be important3 & x is           
conceivable t ,he pref]s ! dogmatic     
a!ism ( a man "h & a man !re1 or ! s]i\s
 agno/icism ( a slightly l>g] numb]1 to 
! practical indiff]5ce ( ! majority4    
,!re are two attitudes1 & only two1 :i* 
are wor?y ( a s]i\s man3 to s]ve ,,god )
 8 :ole he>t1 because he kn[s ,him2 or  
to seek ,,god ) 8 :ole he>t1 because he 
kn[s ,him n4  ,! ord9>y ,engli%man is 9 
mo/ cases nom9ally a ,*ri/ian4 ,z a rule
 he has be5 admitt$ 9 infancy by baptism
 into ! ,*ri/ian ,*ur*4 ,b he is        
ignorant ( ! implications ( 8 baptism1 &
 indiff]5t to ! claims ( a religion :i* 
he fails to und]/&4 ,^! pages are writt5
 ) ! object ( expla9+ :at1 9 ! writ]'s  
judgm5t1 ! fai? & practice ( ! ,*ri/ian 
,*ur* really is4     ,,"p ,i  ,,! ,,!ory
 ,,( ,,! ,,*ri/ian ,,religion   ,,*apt] 
,i  ,,! ,,man ,,*ri/ ,,jesus   ,x is be/

 to beg9 ) a /udy ( ! tea*+ & "* (      
,*ri/4 ,s*ol>s = ab\t a hundr$ ye>s h   
be5 /udy+ ! ,gospels hi/orically1 l any 
o!r books4 ,x is n[ reasonably c]ta9 t !
 fir/ ?ree ,gospels--^? :i* we "k z !   
,gospels accord+ to ,s4 ,mat!w1 ,s4     
,m>k1 & ,s4 ,luke--?\gh n1 ( c\rse1     
infallible or accurate 9 _! e detail1   
reflect nev]!less 9 a g5]al way a       
tru/wor?y portrait ( ,jesus z ,he       
actually liv$4 ,! say+s ascrib$ to ,*ri/
 9 _! pages be> ! m>ks ( orig9ality4 ,! 
outl9e ( ! ev5ts :i* !y describe may be 
tak5 z be+ 9 r\gh correspond5ce ) !     
facts4 ,! ,gospels z a :ole repres5t    
pretty fai?fully ! impression made by ! 
life & "* ( ,jesus ^u ! m9ds & memories 
( ^? :o knew ,him be/4  ,we are v apt to
 reg>d ! ,gospels conv5tionally4 ,an    
inh]it$ or?odoxy :i* has made peace ) ! 
_w takes !m = grant$ z a tale ( little  
mean+1 ?\gh ! words are /rong4 ,an      
impati5t reaction f or?odoxy sets !m    
aside z incompreh5sible or unimportant4 
,x is wor? :ile mak+ ! ef=t to empty our

 m9ds ( prejudice1 & to all[ ! ,gospels 
to tell _! own tale4 ,we %all f9d t !y  
br+ u face to face ) a ,portrait (      
surpris+ fre%ness & p[]4  ,x is !       
portrait ( ,"o :o sp5t ! fir/ ?irty ye>s
 ( ,8 life 9 an obscure ,galilaean      
village1 & :o 9 e>ly manhood work$ z a  
c>p5t] 9 a village %op4 ,he fir/ came   
=w>d 9 public 9 connexion ) a religi\s  
revival initiat$ by ,john ! ,bapti/4 ,he
 0 baptiz$ 9 ! ,jordan4 ,:at ,8 baptism 
meant to ,him is symboliz$ by ! acc\nt (
 a vision :i* ,he saw1 & a ,voice :i*   
designat$ ,him z ,son ( ,,god4 ,he      
became consci\s ( a religi\s mission1 & 
0 at fir/ tempt$ to int]pret ,8 mission 
9 an unwor?y way1 to seek to promote    
spiritual ends by temporal compromises1 
or to impress m5's m9ds by an appeal to 
my/]y or miracle4 ,he reject$ !         
temptation1 & proclaim$ simply ,,god &  
,8 ,k+dom4 ,he is said to h heal$ ! sick
 & to h wr\ght o!r signs & mighty works3
 b ,he set no great /ore by ^! ?+s1 &   
did n wi% to be kn[n prim>ily z a       

wond]-work]4 ,he liv$ ! life ( an       
it9]at+ ,tea*]1 decl>+ to any :o c>$ to 
li/5 ! ?+s conc]n+ ! ,k+dom ( ,,god4 ,at
 times ,he 0 popul> & attract$ cr[ds3 b 
,he c>$ little = popul>ity1 wrapp$ up ,8
 tea*+ 9 p>ables1 & repell$ by ,8 h>d   
say+s all b a m9ority ( e>ne/ s\ls4 ,he 
gave (f5ce to ! conv5tionali/s & !      
religi\sly or?odox by ! fre$om ) :i* ,he
 criticiz$ e/abli%$ beliefs & usages1 by
 ,8 *ampion%ip ( social outca/s1 & by ,8
 association ) p]sons ( disreputable    
life4 ,unlike ,john ! ,bapti/1 ,he 0    
nei!r a teetotall] nor a puritan4 ,he 0 
n a rigid ,sabbat>ian4 ,he despis$      
humbug1 hypocrisy1 & cant3 & ,he hat$   
meanness & cruelty4 ,he c\ld be /]n ) a 
t]rible /]nness4 ,8 gaze pi]c$ ?r\gh all
 disguises1 & ,he und]/ood ! ?+s t are 9
 ! he>t ( man4 ,he saw ?+s nak$4 ,he has
 be5 call$ ! great ,son ( ,fact4 ,he 0  
nev] "u any illusions4  ,he fac$ !      
ho/ility ( public op9ion ) unfl9*+      
c\rage4 ,he expect$ to be crucifi$1 &   
crucifi$ ,he 04 ,he w>n$ ^? :o foll[$   

,him to expect a simil> fate4 ,he claim$
 f m5 an allegiance t %\ld be absolute3 
! ties ( home & k9dr$1 ( weal? or       
position 9 ! _w1 7 to be held ( no      
acc\nt3 any?+ :i* /ood 9 ! way ( entire 
disciple%ip to ,himself1 h[ev] compell+ 
its imm$iate claim1 0 to be sacrific$   
)\t hesitation = ,8 sake4 ,he saw no?+  
inconsi/5t betwe5 ?is conc5tration (    
m5's allegiance ^u ,8 own p]son1 & ,8   
insi/5ce ^u ,,god z ! "o great ,reality 
t matt]$4  ,! motive ( ,8 :ole life 0   
consecration to ! w ( ,,god4 ,he 0 ri*  
t[>ds ,,god1 :]e o!r m5 are poor4 ,!    
words 7 true ( ,him1 z ( no "o else1 ,i 
h set ,,god always be=e me4 ,8 mission  
among m5 ,he fulfill$ z a "w :i* ,8     
,fa!r _h giv5 ,him to d4 ,lo1 ,i come to
 d ,?y w1 ,o ,,god4 ,he lov$ m51 & w5t  
ab\t do+ good1 because ,he knew t ,,god 
lov$ m51 & meant well by !m1 & desir$   
good = !m1 & n evil4 ,he 0 pitiful1     
because ,,god is pitiful4 ,he hat$ evil1
 because ,,god hates x4 ,he lov$ purity1
 because ,,god is pure4  ,he delight$ 9 

fri5d%ips bo? ) m5 & wom53 b y c\ld n   
imag9e any?+ unclean 9 ,8 fri5d%ips4 ,he
 0 n m>ri$1 b ,he look$ ^u m>riage z an 
utt]ly pure & holy ?+1 taught t a man   
%\ld leave fa!r & "m & cleave unto 8    
wife s t !y twa9 %\ld be "o fle%1 &     
recogniz$ no possibility ( divorce      
except--& ev5 ?is is n q c]ta9--on !    
gr\nd ( m>ital unfai?fulness4 ,he _h "o 
& ! same /&>d ( purity = m5 & wom54  ,he
 lov$ *ildr51 ! birds & ! fl[]s1 ! life 
( ! op5 air3 b ,he 0 equally at home 9 !
 life ( ! t[n4 ,he w5t out to d9n] )    
anybody :o ask$ ,him3 ,he rejoic$ 9 !   
simple hil>ity ( a w$d+ fea/4 ,he 0 a   
believ] 9 fell[%ip1 & 9 human bro!rhood4
 ,he 0 ev]ybody's fri5d1 & look$ ^u no  
"o z beyond ! pale4 ,he lov$ s9n]s &    
welcom$ !m1 )\t 9 ! lea/ condon+ :at 0  
wrong4 ,he look$ ^u ! op5 & ackn[l$g$   
s9n] z a m hopeful p]son f ! religi\s   
po9t ( view ?an ! p]son :o 0            
self-satisfi$ & smug4 ,he said t ,he    
came to seek & to save ^? :o knew       
!mselves to be lo/4  ,he *ose twelve m5 

to be 9 an especial s5se ,8             
disciples--le>n]s 9 ,8 s*ool4 ,to !m ,he
 s\ght to reveal some?+ ( ,8 deep] m9d4 
,he tri$ to make !m und]/& t true       
royalty consi/s 9 s]vice2 t if a man    
w\ld be spiritually great he %\ld *oose 
= himself ! l[e/ room1 & become ! s]vant
 ( all2 t ! privilege ( sitt+ on ,8 "r  
h& & on ,8 left 9 ,8 ,k+dom 0 res]v$ =  
^? = :om x 0 prep>$ by ,8 ,fa!r2 !      
important ?+ 0 :e!r a man 0 prep>$ to   
dr9k ,8 cup ( suff]+1 & be baptiz$ ) ,8 
baptism ( blood4 ,b ,he did speak (     
,himself z ,k+1 ,he accept$ !           
designation ( ,himself z ! ,*ri/ (      
,,god1 & spoke /range words ab\t ,8 com+
 ^u ! cl\ds ( heav5 to judgm5t4 ,he held
 t by _! relation to ,himself & to ,8   
ideals ! lives ( all m5 %\ld be te/$1 & 
! v]dict pass$ ^u _! de$s4 ,= mak+ ^! & 
simil> claims ,he 0 convict$ ( blasphemy
 & put to dea?4  ,8 disciples fail$ to  
und]/& ,him4 ,! ,gospels are full ( !   
contra/ betwe5 _! m9ds & ,84 ,( ! *os5  
,twelve :o1 z ,he said1 _h cont9u$ )    

,him 9 ,8 trials & to :om ,he promis$ t 
!y %\ld eat & dr9k at ,8 table 9 ,8     
,k+dom1 & sit on ?rones judg+ ! twelve  
tribes ( ,israel1 "o betray$ & "o d5i$  
,him :5 ! "t ( crisis came1 & ! re/     
=sook ,him & fl$4 ,! fact t _! fai? &   
loyalty 7 subsequ5tly re- e/abli%$--t ! 
execution :i* took place on ,calv>y 0 n 
! complete & summ>y end+ ( ! :ole       
,*ri/ian movem5t--t1 9 ! days t foll[$1 
! recreant disciples became ! confid5t  
,apo/les1 requires = its explanation !  
ass]tion 9 "s =m ( ! tru? ( !           
,resurrection4  ,) reg>d to ! precise =m
 :i* ! ,resurrection took !re may be    
room = diff]5ces ( op9ion3 ! acc\nts ( !
 ris5 ,jesus 9 ! v>i\s ,gospel records  
_c be completely h>moniz$1 & ! /ory may 
"h & !re h be5 modifi$ 9 ! tell+4 ,!    
fact rema9s t ap>t f ! assumption z a   
matt] ( hi/orical tru? t ,jesus 0       
v]itably alive f ! dead1 & t ,he %[$    
,himself alive to ,8 disciples by       
evid5ces :i* 7 adequate to c>ry         
conviction to _! incr$ul\s m9ds1 !      

orig9s ( hi/orical ,*ri/ianity _c really
 be expla9$4  ,9 ! ,gospel accord+ to   
,s4 ,john x is /at$ t ! cr[ds said (    
,jesus1 ,?is is ( a tru? t ,prophet t   
%\ld come into ! _w3 & s mu*1 at ! lea/1
 ! av]age ,engli%man is ready to admit3 
= to call ,jesus ,*ri/ a ,prophet--ev5  
to call ,him ! supreme ,prophet--is to  
claim = ,him no m ?an a good ,mohamm$an 
claims = ,mohamm$4  ,! ^w prophet 9     
itself means "o :o speaks on behalf (   
ano!r3 & a prophet is def9$ to be a     
spokesman on behalf ( ,,god4 ,he is     
ess5tially a man ) a message4 ,9 s f> z 
he is a true prophet he is "o :o by an  
imp]i\s inn] necessity is con/ra9$ to   
decl>e to 8 fell[s a ^w :i* has come to 
him f ! ,"l4 ,& ! prophet's ^w is urg5t3
 x brooks no delay4 ,x is impati5t (    
conv5tionalisms & %ams4 ,x breaks ?r\gh 
! e/abli%$ ord] ( ?+s 9 matt]s bo?      
social & religi\s4 ,x is dynamic1 vivid1
 revolution>y4 ,x goes to ! root ( ?+s1 
) a />tl+ directness1 a k9d ( explosive 
=ce4 ,x di/urbs & %att]s ! cu/om>y      

placidities ( m5's lives4 ,x =ces !m to 
face spiritual realities1 to look ! tru?
 9 ! face4  ,all ?is is true 9 a        
pre-em95t degree ( ! words ( ,*ri/4 ,!re
 is a =ce & directness1 an en]gy &      
int5sity ab\t ,8 tea*+1 :i* is )\t      
p>allel 9 ! hi/ory ( ! _w4 ,x might h   
be5 ?\ght impossible = ,8 utt]ances1 9  
any age or "u any circum/ances1 to      
become conv5tionaliz$3 b ! miracle has  
be5 a*iev$4 ,*ri/ianity is to ! av]age  
,engli%man an e/abli%$ conv5tion & no?+ 
m4  ,bless$ are ! poor 9 _s1 said       
,jesus3 b we say r1 ,bless$ are ! ri* 9 
sub/ance4  ,bless$ are !y t m\rn3 b t is
 n ! g5]al op9ion4  ,bless$ are ! meek1 
= !y %all inh]it ! e>?--b :o among/ u   
really believes x8  ,bless$ are !y t    
hung] & ?ir/ aft] righte\sness3 = !y    
%all be fill$4  ,bless$ are ! m]ciful3 =
 !y %all obta9 m]cy3 b to-day a m popul>
 maxim is1 ,be n m]ciful unto !m t (f5d 
( malici\s wick$ness4  ,bless$ are !    
pure 9 he>t--& h[ _m ( u are t8  ,bless$
 are ! peace-mak]s3 b 9 a "t ( w> !y are

 n v fav\rably reg>d$4  ,bless$ are !y t
 are p]secut$ = righte\sness' sake--is t
 y\r ambition1 or m9e8  ,ye are ! salt (
 ! e>? & ! light ( ! _w--!n ! e>?1 x is 
to be fe>$1 is a some:at insipid place1 
& its light comp>able to d>kness        
visible4 ,if any man w come aft] ,me1   
let him take up 8 ,cross1 & foll[ ,me3 b
 mo/ ( u make x a tacit condition ( our 
,*ri/ianity t we %all n be crucifi$4    
,is x n true t we habitually refuse to  
take s]i\sly ,8 tea*+ ab\t man2 t we    
wat] d[n ,8 p>adoxes & conv5tionalize ,8
 say+s2 t we blunt ! %>pness ( ,8       
precepts1 & %irk ! trem5d\s /]nness ( ,8
 dem&s8  ,& does ,8 tea*+ ab\t ,,god f>e
 any bett]8 ,,god 0 to ,jesus ,*ri/ ! "o
 ,reality t matt]$2 is t 9 any s]i\s    
s5se true ( u8 ,,god1 ,he taught1 c>es =
 ! sp>r[s1 numb]s ! hairs ( our heads1  
sees 9 secret1 & reads our inmo/ he>ts4 
,,god kn[s all ab\t u1 loves u          
individually1 ?9ks out our life 9 all   
its relations1 & makes provision        
accord+ly4 ,!re is no?+ :i* ,he _c or w 

n d = ,8 *ildr54  ,he is ne> & n f> (f3 
,he is also on ! ?rone ( all ?+s-- !    
,univ]se is 9 our ,fa!r's h&1 & ,8 w    
directs x4 ,o ye ( little fai?1 :]e=e   
did ye d\bt8 ,fe>1 on ! gr\nd t ?+s are 
/ormy1 is a ?+ ,*ri/ simply _c und]/&4  
,,god1 moreov]1 is lov+ & g5]\s1 royal &
 b\nte\s3 =giv+ s9n]s3 s5d+ ,8 ra9 )    
,div9e imp>tiality ^u ! j & ! unju/     
alike4 ,8 fl[]s are j z beautiful 9 !   
bad man's g>d54 ,he loves ev5 ,8        
enemies1 = ,he is equally ! ,fa!r ( all4
  ,& man is made = ,,god1 & belongs to  
,,god4 ,,god & man ne$ "o ano!r3 all t  
is requisite is t !y %\ld f9d "o ano!r3 
& t is ! ,good ,news4 ,! discov]y (     
,,god is ! ,pe>l ( great price1 a       
,treasure wor? ! sacrifice ( ev]y?+     
else3 ! exp]i5ce ( a life-"t1 & a       
life-"t's acquisitions1 ap>t f ,,god1   
are n wor? any?+ at all4  ,we :o call   
ourselves ,*ri/ians1 d we s]i\sly       
believe ^! ?+s8 ,d we really %>e ,*ri/'s
 outlook ^u ,,god1 or ,8 hope = man8 ,is
 our view ( life c5tr$ 9 ,,god1 z 0 ,88 

,or d ,8 words ( reproa* fit u1 z !y    
fitt$ ,s4 ,pet]--,y ?9k l a man1 & n l  
,,god8  ,! way to fai? 9 ,,god1 & to    
love = man1 x has be5 said1 is to come  
ne>] to ! liv+ ,jesus4 ,if we w\ld le>n 
,*ri/'s great prophecy ab\t man & ,,god1
 we mu/ read ! ,gospels ov] aga91 )     
awak5$ eyes4 ,we mu/ take s]i\sly ! man 
,*ri/ ,jesus4 ,we mu/ he> ! words ( ,8  
prophecy1 & face hone/ly ! *all5ge ( ,8 
say+s4 ,we mu/ confront ! c5tral ,figure
 ( ! ,gospels 9 all its trem5d\s        
realism1 wat]+ d[n no?+1 expla9+ no?+   
away2 wre/l+ ) ,jesus ( ,naz>e? z ,jacob
 wre/l$ ) ! angel1 & refus+ to let ,him 
g except ,he bless u4 ,9 ! end ,he does 
bless ^? :o wre/le ) ,him1 & we %all n 9
 ! end be able to /op %ort ( confess+   
,him z ,,god4  ,= ! message ( ! ,gospel 
/ory is ultimately n ev5 ! tea*+ (      
,*ri/3 x is ,*ri/ ,himself4 ,he1 alone  
among ! _w's tea*]s1 p]fectly practis$  
:at ,he prea*$1 & embodi$ :at ,he       
taught4 ,& !re=e ! tru? ( ,,god & !     
ideal = man 9 ,him are "o4 ,9 ,him we   

see man z he ought to be1 man z he is   
meant to be4 ,& because we in/9ctively  
judge t ! highe/ human nature is div9e1 
& because also we feel t ,,god ,himself 
w\ld be mo/ div9e & wor%ipful if we c\ld
 conceive ( ,him z ent]+ 9 & %>+ our    
human exp]i5ce & reveal+ ,himself z man1
 ^? :o h reflect$ mo/ deeply ab\t !     
matt] h commonly be5 l$ to believe t s  
inde$ x is4 ,!y h felt t 9 ,jesus ,*ri/ 
man1 z ! mirror & ! ,son ( ,,god1       
reflects ! ,fa!r's glory4 ,!y h felt t 9
 ,jesus ,*ri/ ,,god1 ! ,et]nal ,s\rce ( 
all ?+s1 has express$ & reveal$ ,himself
 9 a human life3 t ,,god has spok5 a    
,^w1 a ,^w :i* is ! expression (        
,himself3 & t ! ,^w is ,*ri/4 ,h ,i be5 
s long "t ) y1 & yet ha/ ?\ n kn[n ,me1 
,philip8 ,he t ha? se5 ,me1 ha? se5 !   
,fa!r4 ,= !re is1 9 tru?1 some?+ 9      
,jesus ( ,naz>e? :i* compels our wor%ip4
 ,& if we w take s]i\sly ! human ,jesus 
we %all discov] 9 ! end ,deity reveal$ 9
 manhood1 & we %all wor%ip ,him 9 :om we
 h believ$4  ,b t1 ( c\rse1 is dogma3 9 

o!r words1 x is ! delib]ate judgm5t (   
,*ri/ian fai?4 ,x is ! expression1 z a  
tru? = ! m9d1 ( ! value :i* a s\l :i* is
 spiritually awake comes to set ^u      
,jesus because x _c d o!rwise4 ,a       
judgm5t l t is ! conclusion--x ought n  
to be tak5 z ! />t+-po9t--( fai?4 ,!re  
are _m1 ( c\rse1 :o are will+ to beg9 by
 assum+ provisionally t x is true1 ^u ! 
au?ority ( o!rs :o be> witness to x3 & t
 is n an unreasonable ?+ to d1 provid$ a
 man aft]w>ds v]ifies x 9 ! exp]i5ce ( 8
 own life4 ,b belief 9 ! div9ity (      
,jesus is too trem5d\s a confession     
lightly to be tak5 = grant$ by m]e      
half-believ]s ( a casual cre$4          
,convictions wor? hav+ mu/ soon] or lat]
 be f\ght =3 !y mu/ be won by ! sweat ( 
! br[4 ,& if a man is n cont5t p]man5tly
 to def] to ! au?ority ( o!rs1 he ought 
n to beg9 by tak+ = grant$ ! doctr9e t  
,jesus is ,,god4 ,he ought to beg9 z !  
,apo/les began1 by tak+ s]i\sly ! ,man  
,*ri/ ,jesus4     ,,*apt] ,,ii  ,,!     
,,revelation ,,( ,,! ,,fa!r   ,x 0      

*>act]i/ic ( ! anci5t ,jews t !y _h a   
vital belief 9 ! liv+ ,,god3 & belief 9 
,,god1 & t ( a f> m real & def9ite k9d  
?an ! mod]n ,engli%man's vague admission
 ( ! exi/5ce ( a ,supreme ,be+1 0 a ?+  
:i* ,jesus 0 able to take = grant$ 9 ^? 
to :om ,he spoke4 ,,god to ! ,jew 0 !   
,,god ( ,abraham1 ,isaac1 & ,jacob1 holy
 & righte\s1 graci\s & m]ciful3 active &
 op]ative 9 ! _w1 ! ,controll] ( ev5ts3 
hav+ a purpose = ,israel & = ! _w1 :i* 9
 ! process ( ! _w's hi/ory 0 be+ wr\ght 
out1 & :i* w\ld "o day f9d complete &   
adequate fulfilm5t 9 ! sett+ up (       
,,god',s ,et]nal ,k+dom4  ,:at ,jesus   
did by ,8 life & tea*+ 0 to deep5 &     
int5sify exi/+ fai? 9 ,,god by !        
revelation ( ,,god z ,fa!r1 & to revive 
& quick5 ! expectation ( ,,god',s ,k+dom
 by ! proclamation ( its ne> approa*4 ,!
 application to ,,god ( ! t]m ,fa!r 0 n 
new3 b ! revelation ( :at ,,god',s      
,fa!rhood meant 9 ! p]sonal life & fai? 
( ,jesus ,himself z ,son ( ,god 0 some?+
 entirely new3 :ile 9 ,jesus' prea*+ ( !

 ,div9e ,k+dom !re 0 a note ( fre%ness &
 orig9ality1 & a spiritual assurance (  
c]ta9ty1 :i* c>ri$ conviction ( an      
entirely new k9d to ! m9ds & he>ts ( ^? 
:o li/5$4  ,all ! m ov]:elm+ mu/ h seem$
 to ! disciples ! disa/] ( _! ,ma/]'s   
crucifixion4 ,x 0 n m]ely t ! hopes :i* 
9 _! m9ds _h ga!r$ ab\t ,8 p]son 7      
%att]$3 _! v fai? 9 ,,god ,himself1 & 9 
! goodness ( ,,god1 0 = ! "t be+ torn up
 by ! roots4 ,no?+ b an ev5t z real & z 
objective z ! ,crucifixion itself c\ld h
 rev]s$ = !m ?is impression ( %e]       
cata/rophe4 ,! resurrection ( ,jesus1   
:i* 0 = !m ! wond] ( wond]s1 n only     
re/or$ to !m _! fai? 9 ,him z ! ,*ri/ ( 
,,god1 n[ decl>$ to be ! ,son ( ,,god ) 
p[] by ! resurrection f ! dead2 x also  
relaid = !m ! f\ndations ( fai? 9 ,,god 
& 9 ,8 goodness & love ^u a basis (     
c]ta9ty h5ce=? nev] to be %ak54 ,?is is 
! message :i* we h he>d ( ,him & decl>e 
unto y1 t ,,god is light1 & 9 ,him is no
 d>kness at all4  ,mean:ile :at ( ,jesus
 ,himself--?is ,*ri/1 ?r\gh _!          

relation%ip to :om !y _h come by ?is new
 exp]i5ce ( ! reality ( ,,god8 ,9       
symbolical vision !y saw ,him asc5d up  
into ! heav5s & vani% f bodily sight3 9 
pictorial language !y spoke ( ,him z    
seat$ at ,,god',s "r h&4 ,!y 7 assur$   
nev]!less-- & multitudes 9 _m g5]ations 
h e*o$ _! conviction--t ,he 0 /ill 9 _! 
mid/ unse51 _! liv+ ,ma/] & ,"l4        
,in/9ctively !y pray$ to ,him4 ,?r\gh   
,him !y made _! approa* to ! ,fa!r4 ,he 
_h trans=m$ = !m _! _w4 ,he 0 ! light ( 
_! lives4 ,9 ,him 0 tru?4 ,he 0 _! way  
to ,,god4  ,all ! great movem5t (       
,*ri/ian ?\ght 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t is     
conc]n$ 9 "o way or ano!r ) ! work+ out 
( ?is exp]i5c$ significance ( ,jesus4 ,!
 mature/ expression ( :at ,he meant to  
!m is conta9$ 9 ! great reflective      
,gospel--an int]pretation r ?an a simple
 portrait ( ! hi/orical ,jesus-- :i* is 
ascrib$ by tradition to ,s4 ,john4 ,!   
,*ri/ ( ! ,f\r? ,gospel is man1 ) all ! 
attributes ( mo/ real & g5u9e manhood3 b
 ,he is also m ?an man4 ,he is !        

self-utt]ance--! ,^w--( ,,god4 ,he came 
=? f ,,god1 & w5t to ,,god4 ,he is !    
revelation ( ! ,fa!r1 ! expression (    
,,god',s nature & be+ 9 ! intelligible  
t]ms ( a human life4 ,to h se5 ,him is  
to h se5 ! ,fa!r1 because ,he & ! ,fa!r 
are "o4 ,he is ! ,way1 ! ,tru?1 & !     
,life3 ! ,bread t came d[n f heav53 !   
,f\nta9 ( liv+ wat]3 ! ,lamb ( ,,god1 t 
take? away ! s9 ( ! _w4  ,lat] ,*ri/ian 
or?odoxy nev] got f>!r ?an ?is4 ,all t !
 =mal doctr9e ( ! ,inc>nation--z        
express$1 = example1 9 su* a =mul>y z ! 
,a?anasian ,cre$--c truly be said to    
am\nt to is j ! d\ble insi/5ce t ,*ri/  
is at once truly & completely man1 &    
also truly & completely ,,god4 ,! p>adox
 is left unreconcil$--yet ,he is n two1 
b "o ,*ri/4 ,! ,godhead is express$ 9   
manhood3 9 ! manhood we see ,,god4  ,:at
 does x mean to confess ! ,deity (      
,*ri/8 ,x means j ?is3 t we take ! "* ( 
,*ri/ z our clue to ! "* ( ,,god3 t we  
int]pret ! life ( ,*ri/ z an expression 
( ! life ( ,,god3 t we affirm !         

conviction1 bas$ ^u deep & un%akable    
p]sonal exp]i5ce1 t ,,god 0 9 ,*ri/     
reconcil+ ! _w unto ,himself4  ,:at is !
 real "q1 ! mo/ fundam5tal ( que/ions1  
:i* arises :5 we seek to int]pret ! _w  
we live 98 ,is x n j ! "q3 ,:at is !    
nature or "* ( ! ultimate ,p[] or       
,pr9ciple or ,p]son ^u :i* or ^u :om !  
_w dep5ds8 ,is n e religion1 e imag9$   
deity1 9 "o s5se an alt> to ! unkn[n    
,,god8 ,! v5ture ( ,*ri/ian fai? consi/s
 9 /ak+ all ^u ! assumption1 ! hypo!sis 
abundantly v]ifi$ 9 ! life's exp]i5ce ( 
su* z make x1 t ! "* ( ! unkn[n ,,god is
 reveal$ 9 ,*ri/3 t ! love ( ,*ri/ is ! 
expression ( ! love ( ,,god1 ! suff]+s (
 ,*ri/ an expression ( ! suff]+ ( ,,god1
 ! triumph ( ,*ri/ an expression ( !    
et]nal victory ( ,,god ov] all ! evil & 
wick$ness :i* m>s ! wond] ( ,8 creation4
 ,if we 7 to look prim>ily at ! life (  
,nature1 we might be tempt$ to say t    
,,god 0 cruel4 ,if we consid]$ c]ta9 ( !
 works ( man1 we might be tempt$ to     
conclude t ,,god 0 devili%4 ,look+ at   

,jesus we ga9 ! assurance t ,,god is    
,love4 ,we behold ! light ( ! k ( !     
glory ( ,,god 9 ! face ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 &
 we are satisfi$4  ,& s we come to      
,jesus--! ,prophet t is come into ! _w3 
& :at we %all f9d1 if we w suff] ,him to
 "w ,8 "w 9 u1 is ?is4 ,he w *ange our  
_w = u1 & w trans=m x4 ,he w r$eem our  
s\ls1 s t !re %all be 9 u a new bir?1 a 
new creation4 ,he w %[ u ! ,fa!r1 & x   
%all suffice u4 ,he w set our feet on ! 
road to ,calv>y1 & we %all rejoice to be
 crucifi$ ) ,him4 ,he w conv]t u--,he w 
turn our lives inside out1 s t !y %all h
 _! c5tre 9 ,,god1 & no long] 9         
ourselves4 ,he w be/[ on u ! ,_s )\t    
measure1 s t we %all be sons & daught]s 
( ! ,highe/4 ,& we %all "k t we are (   
,,god1 ev5 ?\gh ! :ole _w lie? 9        
wick$ness4 ,& we %all "k t ! ,son (     
,,god is come1 & t ,he ha? giv5 u an    
und]/&+1 t we may "k ,him t is true1 & t
 we are 9 ,him t is true1 ev5 9 ,8 ,son 
,jesus ,*ri/4     ,,*apt] ,,iii  ,,!    
,,fell[%ip ,,( ,,! ,,_s   ,to "k ,,god &

 to f9d ,him reveal$ 9 ,jesus ,*ri/ is n
 en\gh4 ,to h set be=e "o 9 ! human life
 ( ,jesus an ideal ( "*1 a patt]n (     
p]fect manhood = imitation1 if ! message
 ( ! ,gospel 7 reg>d$ z /opp+ %ort at t 
po9t1 c\ld only be disc\rag+ to m5      
consci\s ( moral weakness1 ( spiritual  
impot5ce & incapacity4 ,x is probable t 
"o ( ! reasons :y ! pla9 man to-day is s
 v apt to reg>d ,*ri/ianity z consi/+ 9 
! pr(ession ( a /&>d ( ideal morality to
 :i* he kn[s himself to be p]sonally    
incapable ( atta9+1 & :i* ^? :o d pr(ess
 x fail conspicu\sly to practise1 is to 
be f\nd 9 ! entire abs5ce f 8 m9d &     
outlook ( any conception ( ! ,holy ,_s1 
or any belief 9 ! availability ( ! ,_s z
 a s\rce ( trans=m+ en]gy & p[] 9 !     
lives ( m54  ,z a matt] ( fact1 !       
doctr9e ( ! ,holy ,_s is ( absolutely   
vital importance 9 ! ,*ri/ian s*eme3 & l
 all ! great ,*ri/ian doctr9es1 x has   
its basis 9 ! realities ( liv+ exp]i5ce4
 ,! op5+ *apt]s ( ! ,acts ( ! ,apo/les  
set be=e u ! picture ( ! e>lie/         

disciples1 assur$ & no long] d\btful ( !
 reality ( ! ,resurrection1 wait+ 9     
,j]usalem = a promis$ end[m5t ( p[] f on
 high4 ,& ! /ory ( ,p5teco/ is ! record 
( ! fulfilm5t ( ! promise ( ! ,fa!r4    
,we are mak+ a mi/ake if we fix our     
att5tion prim>ily ^u ! outw>d symbols ( 
w9d & fire1 or confuse our m9ds ) !     
p]plexities :i* are sugge/$ by !        
ref]5ces to speak+ ) tongues4 ,^!       
?+s--h[ev] wond]ful to ! m5 ( !         
,apo/olic g5]ation--are 9 !mselves only 
examples ( ! psy*ological abnormalities 
:i* n infrequ5tly accompany religi\s    
revivals4 ,!y are1 z x 71 ! foam on !   
cre/ ( ! wave3 evid5ces ^u ! surface (  
pr(\nd] =ces a/ir 9 ! deep] levels (    
p]sonality4 ,! disciples felt !mselves  
tak5 hold ( & trans=m$4 ,h5ce=? !y 7 new
 m54 ,,god _h s5t into _! he>ts ?r\gh   
,jesus ,*ri/ a ,p[] n ( ?is _w3 only su*
 a p[] c\ld a*ieve :at hi/ory assures u 
0 a*iev$ by ^? e>ly ,*ri/ians4 ,by its  
compell+ influ5ce !y f\nd !mselves weld$
 toge!r into a religi\s & social        

community1 a fell[%ip ( fai? & hope &   
love1 ! true ,israel1 ! ,*ur* ( ! liv+  
,,god4 ,enabl$ to become daily m & m l  
,jesus1 !y develop$ an ev] full]        
compreh5sion ( ,8 unique significance3 &
 s !y w5t ab\t c>ry+ on ! "w & tea*+ :i*
 ,he _h begun on e>?1 c]ta9 t ,he 0 ) !m
 & en]giz+ 9 !m4 ,!y heal$ ! sick 9 m9d 
& body1 !y conv9c$ ,jewi% & ,pagan      
consci5ces ( s9 & its =giv5ess1 !y      
creat$ a new morality1 & e/abli%$ a new 
hope3 life & immortality 7 br\ght to    
light4 ,& !n1 z ne$ arose1 !y 7 inspir$ 
to write ^? books ( ! ,new ,te/am5t1 9  
:i* _! wond]ful exp]i5ce ( ,,god at "w 9
 !m rema9s en%r9$1 ! norm & /&>d (      
,*ri/ian fai? & practice = all "t4 ,!   
,p[] :i* enabl$ !m to d all ?is !y call$
 ! ,holy ,_s4 ,footnote3 ,! ,holy ,_s1  
by ,r4 ,g4 ,p>sons1 9 ,! ,mean+ ( !     
,cre$4 7,s4,p4,c4,k41 #aiag7  ,to be    
fill$ ) ! ,_s1 to be endu$ ) p[] f on   
high1 to be made free by ! ,_s1 s z to  
be free inde$-- releas$ f ! tyranny ( a 
dead pa/1 f bondage to law & lit]alism1 

f ! p[] ( s9 & ( evil habit--& to be    
br\ght =? into ! glori\s lib]ty ( ! sons
 ( ,,god3 ?is 0 a v vital & ess5tial "p 
( :at ,*ri/ianity meant 9 ! exp]i5ce (  
^? fir/ disciples4 ,! new morality ( !  
,gospel1 ! new righte\sness :i* 0 to    
exce$ ! righte\sness ( ,ph>isees &      
,scribes1 0 a ?+ z widely remov$ z      
possible f pa9ful con=mity to ! lett] ( 
an ext]nal code3 x 0 a fruit--a         
spontane\s outcome--( ! ,_s4 ,s4 ,paul  
has describ$ = u ! fruits ( ! ,_s z he  
_h se5 !m manife/$ 9 ! lives ( m5--love1
 joy1 peace1 long-suff]+1 k9dness1      
goodness1 fai?fulness1 meekness1        
self-control3 !y are ! ess5tial l9eam5ts
 ( ! "* ( ,*ri/3 !y are summ$ up 9 !    
?irte5? *apt] ( #a ,cor9?ians 9 ,s4     
,paul's great hymn to ,*>ity or ,love1  
:i* itself reads l yet ano!r portrait ( 
! ,*ri/4 ,a ,*ri/ianity :i* ?r\gh ! ,_s 
br\ght =? su* fruits 0 true to type4 ,! 
,_s1 9 %ort1 reproduc$ 9 m5 ! life (    
filial relation%ip t[>ds ,,god3 ,he is  
describ$ z ! ,_s ( adoption1 :]eby m5   

are enabl$ to cry ,abba1 ,fa!r4  ,!     
,holy ,_s1 moreov]1 is a ,_s ( insight &
 int]pretation1 quick5+ m5's faculties1 
enlight5+ _! m9ds1 enabl+ !m to see1 &  
to und]/&4 ,he br+s to remembrance ! ?+s
 ( ,*ri/ & unfolds _! significance3 "u  
,8 inspiration ,*ri/ian prea*+ 0        
develop$1 & a ,*ri/ian doctr9e ab\t     
,*ri/ & ab\t ,,god4 ,9 confid5t reliance
 ^u ,8 advocacy & ,8 support ! ,apo/les 
7 made bold to confront 9 ! "n ( ,jesus 
a ho/ile _w4 ,is x any wond] t 9 ! eyes 
( _! contempor>ies !y appe>$ z m5       
possess$1 z m5 made drunk ) ! new w9e ( 
"s /range ec/asy1 or mad ) ! f]v\r ( "s 
inexplicable exaltation8 ,yet ! ,_s did 
n normally issue 9 ec/asy4 ,x is n ! way
 ( ,,god to ov]-ride m5's reason1 or to 
place _! individual p]sonalities 9      
abeyance4 ,! op]ation ( ! ,_s is to be  
se5 r--ap>t f ,8 "w 9 ! gradual         
purification & deep5+ ( "* & motive1 !  
br++ to bir? & developm5t 9 m5's s\ls ( 
! new man :o is ,*ri/ 9 !m1 ! hope (    
glory--9 ! int5sification ( m5's normal 

faculties & gifts1 & ! direction ( _!   
ex]cise into *annels pr(itable to !     
well-be+ ( ! community4 ,= ! ,holy ,_s  
is ! ,_s ( bro!rhood3 & ,8 gifts are    
be/[$ = ! fitt+ ( ,,god',s p = ! "w (   
mutual s]vice3 !y are = ! upbuild+ ( !  
,body ( ,*ri/4 ,! real miracle ( !      
,*ri/ian life is simply ! ,*ri/ian life 
itself3 & t a man %\ld love 8 neighb\r z
 himself is at lea/ z wond]ful z t he   
%\ld speak ) tongues4  ,reflect+ ^u !   
exp]i5ce :i* _h come to !m1 ,*ri/ian m5 
came to see t ! ,holy ,_s1 :o 0 ! ,_s ( 
! ,fa!r & ! ,son1 0 ,div9e1 ev5 z ,jesus
 0 ,div9e4 ,9 ?is /range ,p[] :i* _h    
trans=m$ _! lives !y discov]$ ,,god1    
en]giz+ & op]ative 9 _! he>ts4          
,in/9ctively !y wor%ipp$ & glorifi$ !   
,_s z ! ,"l1 ! ,giv] ( ,life4 ,^? :o h  
ent]$ ^u any g5u9e measure ( ,*ri/ian   
exp]i5ce are n prep>$ to say t !y 7     
wrong4  ,! ,*ri/ian life dep5ds ^u !    
,_s1 n[ z !n4 ,only 9 ! p[] ( ! ,holy   
,_s is ,*ri/ianity possible1 & no "o ev]
 yet made any real advance 9 p]sonal    

religion except 9 dep5d5ce ^u an enabl+ 
en]gy ( :i* ! s\rce 0 n 9 himself4 ,x is
 ! ,_s t make? alive4 ,! ,_s helpe? our 
infirmities4 ,i "k t 9 myself1 t is1 9  
my fle%1 dwelle? no good ?+4 ,if ye1 be+
 evil1 "k h[ to give good gifts unto y\r
 *ildr51 h[ mu* m %all y\r heav5ly ,fa!r
 give ! ,holy ,_s to !m t ask ,him4 ,x  
is because ( our lack ( any liv+ or     
effectual belief 9 ! ,holy ,_s1 &       
because ( our consequ5t failure to seek 
,8 inspiration & to submit ourselves to 
,8 influ5ce1 t ! ,*ri/ianity ( m5 to-day
 is (t5 s b>r5 & s poor a ?+2 & !       
corporate life ( ,*ri/5dom langui%es = !
 same reason4 ,! ,*ur* is meant to be a 
fell[%ip1 a bro!rhood3 ! mo/ real & liv+
 bro!rhood on e>?4 ,m5 f9d to-day !     
realization ( bro!rhood 9 a regim5t3 !y 
f9d x 9 a s*ool or 9 a club3 9 a ,trade 
,union3 or 9 su* an organization z !    
,work]s' ,educational ,association4 ,!y 
fail to f9d x 9 ! ,*ur* ( ,*ri/4  ,!    
,*ur* c nev] be a bro!rhood save 9 !    
,holy ,_s3 = ,*ri/ianity is ess5tially &

 be=e all ?+s a religion ( ! ,_s1 & !   
ext]nal organization & in/itutions ( !  
,*ur*1 ap>t f ,8 vivify+ brea?1 are a   
m]e empty %ell4 ,:]e !re is no vision ! 
p p]i%3 & x is only "u ! inspiration ( !
 ,_s t m5 see visions & dream dreams4   
,come f ! f\r w9ds1 ,o ,brea?1 & brea!  
^u ^! dry bones ( our mod]n *ur*man%ip1 
t we may live3 & s at la/ %all we /&    
upright on our feet1 an exce$+ great    
army1 & g =? conqu]+ & to conqu] 9 !    
tra9 ( ! victori\s ,*ri/4     ,,*apt]   
,,iv  ,,! ,,holy ,,tr9ity   ,god1 z     
,*ri/ianity reveals ,him1 is no cold or 
remote ,be+1 no ab/ract                 
,pr9ciple-(-,all-,?+s1 repos+ alo( &    
imp]sonal 9 ! /illness ( an et]nal calm4
 ,he is r ! b\ndless en]gy ( an et]nal  
,life--no motionless et]nity (          
p]fection1 b an ov]fl[+ vitality1 an    
inexhau/ible fecundity1 ! ev]la/+       
well-spr+ ( all exi/5ce4 ,he is ! et]nal
 ,creator ( all ?+s2 n inde$ 9 any s5se 
:i* commits u to a lit]al acceptance ( !
 my?ology ( ,g5esis1 b 9 ! s5se t !     

creat$ univ]se has its orig9 9 ,8 holy &
 righte\s w1 & t ^u ,him all ?+s dep5d4 
,9 affirm+ t ! _w 0 made by ,,god1 we d 
n affirm t x 0 ready-made f ! beg9n+4 ,!
 "w ( creation is /ill go+ on4 ,,god is 
et]nally mak+ all ?+s new4  ,! nature ( 
,,god1 9 s f> z ! m9d & affections ( man
 are capable ( kn[+ ,him & ent]+ into   
relation%ips ) ,him1 is reveal$ 9 ,jesus
 ,*ri/ ,8 ,son1 & ! revelation is       
complet$ & made intelligible by !       
manife/ation ( ! ,holy ,_s4 ,s4 ,paul   
express$ ! practical cont5t ( ,,god',s  
self-disclosure 9 8 phrase ! grace ( our
 ,"l ,jesus ,*ri/1 & ! love ( ,,god1 & !
 fell[%ip ( ! ,holy ,gho/4 ,lat]        
,*ri/ian ?9k]s work$ x out into !       
doctr9e ( ! ,holy ,tr9ity1 ! conception 
( ,,god z at once ,?ree 9 ,"o1 & ,"o 9  
,?ree4  ,to ! pla9 man ! doctr9e ( !    
,holy ,tr9ity is some?+ ( a puzzle--on !
 face ( x an ari?metical p>adox2        
sugge/ive1 moreov]1 ( ! ab/ract         
subtleties ( speculation r ?an ( !      
concrete realities ( religi\s life4 ,b !

 doctr9e did n h its orig91 z a matt] ( 
hi/orical fact1 9 any p]v]se love (     
subtlety or speculation4 ,x c]ta9ly     
arose out ( liv+ realities ( spiritual  
exp]i5ce4 ,x arose z ! result ( an      
attempt1 on ! "p ( ! e>lie/ ,*ri/ian    
believ]s1 to ?9k out ! mean+ ( :at _h   
happ5$ 9 _! religi\s lives1 & to express
 x 9 spee* & ?\ght4 ,:at 0 ?is ?+ t _h  
come to !m1 ?is ?+ :i* _h *ang$ _! :ole 
outlook ^u ! _w1 :i* _h trans=m$ _! v   
inmo/ s\ls & made !m new m51 full ( a   
new vision & a new hope8 ,some?+        
trem5d\s _h happ5$ 9 _! lives4 ,!y 7    
confid5t t x held ! secret ( all life1 =
 !m & = o!rs4 ,x 0 a new1 an ov]:elm+1 a
 conclusive revelation ( ,,god4 ,!y     
proclaim$ x3 !y 7 con/ra9$ also to ?9k  
ab\t x4 ,!y _h to f9d ways ( express+ x4
 ,!y _h to ?9k out :at x meant4  ,!re 0 
,jesus ,*ri/4 ,:o 0 ,he8 ,:at did ,he   
mean8 ,:at 0 ,8 relation to man1 & to   
,,god8 ,c]ta9ly ,he _h %$ light ^u      
,,god1 & ^u ,,god',s nature4 ,?r\gh ,8  
tea*+1 ,8 "*1 ,8 life & dea?1 !         

conception ( ,,god 0 fill$ ) a new      
mean+4 ,9 ,him ,,god 0 reveal$ ) a      
fulness t _h nev] be5 be=e4 ,he disclos$
 m ( ,,god',s inmo/ "*1 & m ( ! relation
 :i* ,he be>s to m54 ,he t ha? se5 ,me  
ha? se5 ! ,fa!r--! disciples felt t ?is 
witness 0 true4 ,by admitt+ to _! ?\ght 
( ,,god all t ! life ( ,jesus br\ght1 !y
 fill$ ) fre% glory ,*ri/'s fav\rite ^w 
= ,,god--y\r ,fa!r :i* is 9 ,heav54  ,9 
,jesus1 !y felt1 ,,god 0 express$3 ,8   
relation%ip to ,,god 0 unique4 ,!y f\nd 
! ,div9e 9 ,him z 9 no o!r4 ,!y knew t  
,,god 0 9 t life because ,he _h spok5 & 
act$ !re4 ,?r\gh ! eyes ( ,jesus ,,god  
look$ out ^u ! _w1 & 9 ,jesus' love &   
purity & ye>n+ = ! s9ful & ! heavy-lad51
 ,,god ,himself became visible4 ,!y knew
 n[ :at ,,god 0 l4 ,,god 0 l ,*ri/4 ,x 0
 ,8 glory t %one 9 ,jesus' face4 ,x 0 a 
new vision ( ,him :5 ,jesus ( ,naz>e?   
pass$ by4 ,9 ! grace--t is1 ! beauty1 ! 
glory & attractiv5ess--( ! ,"l ,jesus   
,*ri/ !y saw a revelation ( ! love (    
,,god1 a love t ye>n$ ov] ! fall5 & !   

sorr[ful1 a love t suff]$1 & ?r\gh      
suff]+ br\ght r$emption4  ,b !re 0      
some?+ m4 ,x 0 n simply t 9 ,jesus ,*ri/
 ,,god _h be5 br\ght ne>1 s t !y felt !y
 knew ,,god z nev] be=e4 ,!re 0 9 !     
exp]i5ce :i* _h come to !m m ?an simply 
a ,reveal] & a ,reveal$4 ,!re 0 ! ,_s   
:i* took possession ( !m1 a trans=m+    
inw>d ,p[]3 a ,p[] able to reproduce 9  
!m1 by a process ( gr[? f m to m1 t "* (
 ,*ri/ 9 ^: l9eam5ts !y _h disc]n$ !    
nature ( ! et]nal ,,god ,himself4 ,!re 0
 a ,pres5ce abid+ 9 _! mid/1 dwell+ )9  
!m1 a ,brea? ( ! ,div9e ,life :i* e     
,*ri/ian knew3 a ,pres5ce :i* br\ght    
/r5g? & com=t1 p[] & love & discipl9e1 &
 bore fruits ( love & joy & peace4 ,:o  
or :at 0 x8 ,an influ5ce f on high8     
,yes3 b x seem$ m intimate1 m p]sonal   
?an any m]e influ5ce1 m indissolubly "o 
) !m1 knitt+ !m into a fell[%ip 9 :i* !y
 7 unit$ ) ! ,fa!r & ! ,son4 ,truly our 
fell[%ip is ) ! ,fa!r1 & ) ,8 ,son      
,jesus ,*ri/4 ,! ,_s :i* bore su* fruits
 9 !m1 :i* br\ght !m into s intimate a  

fell[%ip ) ,,god 9 ,*ri/1 !y recogniz$ z
 ! ,_s ( ,,god1 z ! ,pres5ce 9 !m ( v   
,,god ,himself4 ,,god1 !y felt1 0 n a   
,be+ f> (f1 an ,influ5ce tell+ ^u m5 f a
 di/ance4 ,he 0 ! v secret ( life1 clos]
 ?an brea?+1 ne>] ?an h&s & feet1 s t   
ea* s\l 0 meant to be a sacr$ temple (  
,,god1 ,,god abid+ 9 him & he 9 ,,god4  
,,god came 9 ! ,son1 ,,god _h come also 
& equally 9 ! ,_s4 ,! ,et]nal ,s\rce (  
all ?+s1 :o 0 kn[n & wor%ipp$ z ! ,liv+ 
,"o ev5 be=e ,*ri/ came1 0 made m fully 
kn[n 9 ,*ri/1 & n[ ,he 0 /ill m         
intimately made kn[n 9 ! inmo/ spiritual
 life ( e day4  ,t 0 ,*ri/ian exp]i5ce4 
,t 0 ! exp]i5ce out ( :i* ! doctr9e ( ! 
,tr9ity arose4 ,x arose out ( an attempt
 to ?9k ! ?+ out4 ,if we to-day f9d !   
doctr9e difficult1 at lea/ ! exp]i5ce 0 
& is bo? simple & pr(\nd4 ,& we _c help 
?9k+ ab\t x4  ,x may be t sometimes we  
?9k we w\ld r be cont5t to say simply ) 
,s4 ,john t ,,god is ,love4 ,& t is     
truly ! simple/ ( ,*ri/ian cre$s4 ,if we
 7 able fully to und]/& x1 x w\ld be    

suffici5t4 ,holy ,tr9ity1 :atev] else x 
may signify1 is a mode ( say+ ',holy    
,love4' ,b z a matt] ( fact x is only   
?r\gh ! revelation ( ! grace ( ! ,"l    
,jesus ,*ri/ & ! fell[%ip ( ! ,holy ,_s 
t we c ev] come to und]/& ! love (      
,,god4 ,9 ! ,*ri/ian ,gospel ,,god is   
reveal$ fir/ z ,fa!r1 secondly z        
,suff]]1 ?irdly z ! ,_s ( et]nally      
victori\s ,life3 & x takes ! :ole       
?reefold revelation to express ) any    
fulness ! ri* wond] ( :at is meant by   
say+ t ,,god is ,love4 ,our m9ds _c help
 pass+ f ! contemplation ( ! ?reefold "*
 ( ,,god',s self-revelation to ! ?\ght (
 a c]ta9 ?reefoldness 9 ,,god ,himself4 
,we h to f9d room & place = su* a       
?\ght--! ?\ght t ,,god is et]nally      
,love1 t ,he is et]nally ,fa!r1 ,son1 & 
,_s--& yet at ! same "t n dep>t f !     
fundam5tal ,*ri/ian conviction t ,,god  
is ,"o4  ,x is to be fe>$ t _m ,*ri/ian 
p d sometimes come dang]\sly ne> to     
believ+ 9 ?ree sep>ate ,gods1 & :at we  
call ,unit>ianism is a "o-sid$ prote/   

aga9/ su* a t5d5cy4 ,,god is inde$ a    
unity3 & s f> ,unit>ianism is "r4 ,b    
,unit>ianism is less ?an ! full ,*ri/ian
 fai? 9 ,,god1 because x fails to d     
ju/ice to ! full ri*es ( ,*ri/ian       
exp]i5ce1 ! _m-sid$ wond] ( ,,god       
reveal$ 9 ,*ri/1 & made real to u "h &  
n[ by ! op]ation ( ! ,_s 9 our he>ts4   
,we are driv5 to say t ,,god is n only  
,"o1 b ,?ree 9 ,"o4  ,nev]!less1 if any 
"o f9ds ! !ory ( ! ,holy ,tr9ity        
difficult let him n be ov]mu* dismay$4  
,let him le>n to "k ,,god z ,fa!r &     
,jesus ,*ri/ z ,"l & ,savi\r3 let him   
le>n to "k ! ,holy ,_s z an en]gy (     
et]nal life & inspiration 9 8 he>t4 ,he 
w !n be 9 effect a ,tr9it>ian believ]1  
ev5 ?\gh ! !ologians seem to him to talk
 a language :i* he does n und]/&3 ev5   
?\gh--to tell ! tru?--he is n greatly   
int]e/$ by :at !y say4  ,at ! same "t1  
!re is ne$ t p %\ld ?9k out ! mean+ ( ! 
,*ri/ian revelation ( ,,god3 p]haps t !y
 %\ld ?9k x out afre%4 ,x is possible to
 be te*nically or?odox & correct 9      

doctr9e & yet to miss ! true reality (  
:at ,,god means4 ,! conception ( ,,god z
 ,fa!r implies t ,,god has et]nally a   
,son3 ! life ( ,jesus ,*ri/ z ,son (    
,god reveals to u ! quality ( t ,div9e  
,fa!rhood to :i* ,8 ,son%ip corresponds4
 ,! ,_s1 z ! ,div9e ,en]gy proce$+ f !  
,fa!r & ! ,son1 is ! assurance t ! life 
( ,,god c nev] be self-conta9$ or alo(1 
b is = ev] go+ =? f ,himself1 s z to be 
et]nally op]ative & active1 alike 9 !   
processes ( ,nature & 9 ! lives ( m54 ,=
 ! ,_s ( ! ,"l fille? ! _w1 & ! ,div9e  
,wisdom rea*e? f "o end to ! o!r        
mightily1 & sweetly ord]e? all ?+s4  ,x 
foll[s t ,*ri/ianity1 ! religion ( !    
,_s1 c nev] /& /ill4 ,n /agnation1 b    
life1 is its *>act]i/ic note1 ev5 t     
,et]nal ,life :i* 0 ) ! ,fa!r1 & ha? be5
 manife/$ unto u4 ,! ,*ur* :i* is truly 
alive unto ,,god1 & aflame ) ! _s (     
allegiance to ,him :o = ! joy t 0 set   
be=e ,him endur$ ! ,cross1 ! ,*ur* :i*  
is truly quick5$ & inspir$ by ! ,_s (   
,tru? & ,love & ,p[]1 w always be ready 

to live dang]\sly 9 ! _w1 n %r9k+       
timor\sly f ne$$ *ange or exp]im5t1 n   
hold+ alo( f conflict & adv5ture &      
movem5t1 b fac+ c\rage\sly all new      
situations & new phases :e!r ( life or (
 ?\ght z !y arise1 %irk+ no issues1     
welcom+ all new-f\nd tru?1 br++ ?+s bo? 
new & old out ( h] treasure-h\se1 s t %e
 may bo? prove all ?+s & also hold fa/ t
 :i* is good4  ,!re are conceptions (   
,,god proclaim$ f ,*ri/ian pulpits :i*  
are less ?an ! full ,*ri/ian conception 
( ,,god4 ,! ,,god :o is et]nal ,en]gy & 
,life & ,love1 ! ,,god :o is reveal$ 9  
,*ri/1 & ^: ,_s is ! ,_s ( ,fre$om &    
,bro!rhood & ,tru?1 is nei!r ! tyrant   
,god ( ! ,calv9i/1 nor ! dead-alive ,god
 ( ! traditionali/1 nor ! obscuranti/   
,god ( ^? :o w\ld decry k & qu5* ! ,_s4 
,nei!r1 aga91 is ,,god ! ,god (         
milit>i/s1 a ,god :o delights 9         
c>nage--ev5 ?\gh x %\ld be ! c>nage (   
,g]mans2 or ! ,god :o is ?\ght ( by ,8  
wor%ipp]s z be+ ma9ly ! ,god ( !        
sacri/y1 a k9d ( supreme ,gu>dian ( !   

cl]ical int]e/ 9 ,europe4 ,lea/ ( all is
 ,,god ! commonplace deity ( commonplace
 p1 a sort ( placid p]sonification (    
respectability1 ! ,,god ^: religion is !
 religion ( ! ,cons]vative ,p>ty at     
pray]4  ,he is a consum+ ,en]gy ( ,life 
& ,fire4 ,8 eyes are eyes ( ,flame1 & ,8
 inmo/ ess5ce a :ite-hot passion (      
sacrifice & ( self-giv+4 ,at ! he>t ( ,8
 self-revelation !re is a ,cross1 !     
et]nal symbol ( ! almight9ess ( ,love3 !
 ,cross :i* is ! s\rce & ! secret ( all 
true victory1 & newness ( life1 & peace4
  ,?is1 & none o!r1 is ! ,,god :om truly
 to "k is ev]la/+ life1 & :om to s]ve is
 lib]ty4 ,= ,he x is :o has made u unto 
,himself1 ) he>ts t are re/less until !y
 re/ 9 ,him4 ,to d ,8 w is to realize ! 
object ( our exi/5ce z human be+s3 = x  
is to fulfil ! purpose = :i* we h our   
be+1 ! end = :i* we 7 creat$2 ev5 to    
glorify ,,god1 & to enjoy ,him = ev]4   
,,*apt] ,v  ,,! ,,problem ,,( ,,evil    
,b are n ! evil & mis]y ( ! _w1 is n all
 t :i* we "k z s9 & pa91 9 manife/      

contradiction to ?is ,*ri/ian conception
 ( a ,,god ( ,love8 ,mo/ c]ta9ly !y are3
 & x has be5 ! /r5g? ( ,*ri/ianity f !  
beg9n+ t--unlike _m rival sy/ems &      
philosophies1 includ+ ! ,*ri/ian ,sci5ce
 movem5t ( mod]n times--x has always    
fac$ facts1 & 9 p>ticul> has nev] reg>d$
 pa9 & s91 disease & sorr[ & dea?1 z    
any?+ b ! /ubborn realities :i* 9 po9t (
 fact !y are4 ,if we ask1 inde$1 h[ & :y
 x 0 t evil1 :e!r physical or moral1    
orig9ally came into ! _w1 ! ,gospel     
returns no answ]1 or an answ] :i*1 at   
be/1 m]ely e*oes ! anci5t my?ology (    
,jewi% traditional belief--,by ! envy ( 
! ,devil s9 ent]$ into ! _w1 & dea? by  
s93 an answ] :i* inde$ d5ies            
emphatically t evil _h its orig9 9      
,,god1 & decl>es its ess5tial root to   
lie 9 opposition to ,8 w1 b )\t attempt+
 any explanation ( ! difficulty (       
conceiv+ h[ opposition to ! w ( ,,god is
 possible4  ,! ,gospel is conc]n$ )     
issues t are practical r ?an /rictly    
!oretical3 & ! really practical problem 

) reg>d to evil is n h[ x is to be      
expla9$ b h[ x is to be ov]come4 ,if we 
ask h[ evil fir/ arose1 ! only hone/    
answ] is t we d n "k3 ?\gh we c see h[ !
 possibility1 at lea/1 ( moral evil 7z  
di/9ct f m]e physical pa97 is implicit (
 necessity 9 ! exi/5ce ( moral fre$om4  
,! "q is sometimes ask$1 ,if ,,god is   
omnipot5t1 :y does ,he p]mit evil8 ,b ! 
doctr9e ( ,div9e omnipot5ce is          
misconceiv$ :5 x is int]pret$ to mean t 
,,god is able to accompli% ?+s inh]5tly 
self-contradictory4 ,,god is omnipot5t  
only 9 ! s5se t ,he is supreme ov] all  
?+s1 & able to d all possible ?+s4 ,he  
is n able to d impossible ?+s3 & to make
 man free1 & yet to prev5t him f do+    
evil if he s *ooses1 is a ?+ impossible 
ev5 to ,,god4 ,man is left free to      
crucify 8 ,mak]1 & he has avail$ himself
 ( 8 fre$om by crucify+ bo? 8 ,mak] & 8 
fell[-man4  ,if we ask1 ,:y does n ,,god
 prev5t w>8 ,:y does ,he p]mit murd] &  
cruelty & rap9e8 ! answ] is t ,he c\ld  
only prev5t ^! ?+s by d9t ( ov]-rid+ ! w

 ( man by =ce3 & moreov] t x is n !     
me?od ( ,,god to d = man :at man is     
p]fectly well able to d = himself4 ,=   
w>s w\ld cease if m5 univ]sally desir$ n
 to fight4  ,we are really rais+ a mu* m
 difficult "q if we ask1 ,:y does ,,god 
all[ canc]8 ,& to ?is1 x may be1 !re is 
no completely satisfactory answ] to be  
giv53 ?\gh x is possible to see t canc] 
& o!r diseases h a biological function1 
& also to recognize t ! endurance ( pa9 
9 "s cases 7?\gh n 9 all7 ennobles &    
deep5s "*4 ,! writ] ( ! ,epi/le to !    
,hebrews does n hesitate to say ( ,*ri/ 
,himself t ,he le>n$ ob$i5ce by ! ?+s   
:i* ,he suff]$4  ,9 g5]al x mu/ be said 
t ,*ri/ianity does n af=d any complete  
!oretical solution ( ! problem ( evil3  
:at x does is to provide a po9t ( view  
:i* sets evil 9 a new light1 & :i* is   
adequate = ! purposes ( practical life4 
,x tea*es u t physical suff]+1 s f> z x 
is inevitable1 is to be endur$ & turn$  
to spiritual pr(it1 z a ?+ :i* is       
capable ( be>+ fruit 9 ! deep5+ &       

discipl9e ( "*3 & t moral evil is to be 
ov]come1 by ! p[] ( ! grace ( ,,god 9   
,*ri/4  ,if we ask1 ,:y %\ld ! innoc5t  
suff]8 ! ,*ri/ian answ] is conta9$ 9 !  
,cross4 ,*ri/ also suff]$1 be+          
guiltless3 & al?\gh1 if ,*ri/ 7 reg>d$  
simply z a man & no?+ m1 ?is fact w\ld  
m]ely int5sify ! problem1 ! matt]       
assumes a diff]5t complexion if ,*ri/ be
 reg>d$ z ! revelation ( ,,god4 ,= if s1
 !n suff]+ ent]s into ! exp]i5ce ( ,,god
 ,himself1 & s f> f ,,god be+ indiff]5t 
to ! sorr[ & mis]y ( ! _w1 ,he %>es x1 &
 is victori\s ?r\gh x4 ,9 all _!        
affliction1 ,he 0 afflict$4 ,,god is    
,himself a ,suff]]1 ! supreme ,suff]] ( 
all1 & f9ds ?r\gh suff]+ ! in/rum5t ( ,8
 triumph4 ,b if ?is be true1 !n all     
suff]+ ev]y:]e is set 9 a new & a       
transfigur+ light1 = x assumes ! "* ( a 
*all5ge to become p>tak] 9 ! suff]+s &  
triumph ( ! ,*ri/4 ,c ye dr9k ( ! ,cup t
 ,i dr9k (8  ,s int]pret$1 suff]+ ceases
 to be a gr\nd ( petulance or (         
compla9t4 ,x is discov]$ to h a value4  

,x is judg$ to be wor? :ile4 ,& x is    
possible to f9d 9 su* a fai? ! gr\nds ( 
a conviction t beh9d & b5ea? all suff]+ 
is ! love :i* r$eems x & ! purpose :i*  
%all "o day ju/ify x1 & t 9 v tru? no   
sp>r[ falls to ! gr\nd )\t ! ,heav5ly   
,fa!r's k & c>e4     ,,*apt] ,,vi  ,,s9 
,,& ,,r$emption   ,! ,gospel affirms t  
m5 are call$ to be sons ( ,,god2 to be  
p]fect1 z ! heav5ly ,fa!r is p]fect4 ,! 
correlative ( ?is ideal view ( man z he 
is meant to be is a sombre view ( man z 
he actually is4 ,if we say t we h no s9 
we deceive ourselves1 & ! tru? is n 9 u4
 ,all h s9n$1 & come %ort ( ! glory (   
,,god4  ,s9 is ess5tially a fall+ %ort1 
a miss+ ( ! m>k1 a failure to correspond
 ) ! purpose & ! w ( ,,god4 ,x ne$ n    
necess>ily involve--?\gh ( c\rse x does 
9 _m in/ances involve--! delib]ate      
transgression ( a moral law :i* !       
consci5ce ( ! individual s9n] recognizes
 z su*4 ,!re are s9s ( omission z well z
 ( commission1 s9s ( ignorance z well z 
( delib]ate int5t4 ,! fact t ! consci5ce

 ( a giv5 individual does n accuse him1 
t he is n aw>e ( himself z a s9n] be=e  
,,god1 is no evid5ce ( 8 moral          
p]fection1 b r ! rev]se4 ,jesus ,*ri/1  
:o possess$ ! sure/ z well z ! sane/    
moral judgm5t ! _w has ev] kn[n1 held   
delib]ately t ! op5 & ackn[l$g$ s9n]1 j 
because he 0 aw>e ( 8 condition1 0 9 a m
 hopeful spiritual /ate ?an ! man :o    
?r\gh ignorance ( 8 own %ortcom+s       
believ$ himself to be righte\s4 ,!      
,ph>isee1 :o comp>$ himself ) o!rs to 8 
own advantage1 0 condemn$ 9 ! sight (   
,,god4 ,! ,publican1 :o w\ld n s mu* z  
lift up 8 eyes unto heav51 b judg+      
himself & 8 de$s by ! /&>d ( ,,god',s   
hol9ess ackn[l$g$ himself a s9n]1 w5t   
away ju/ifi$ r ?an ! o!r4 ,x is probably
 true t ! ord9>y man to-day is n worry+ 
ab\t 8 s9s3 b if s1 ! fact proves no?+  
except ! secul>ity ( 8 ideals & !       
%all[ness ( 8 s5se ( spiritual issues4  
,x means1 9 %ort1 t he has n tak5       
s]i\sly ! /&>d ( ,*ri/4 ,= ! measure ( a
 man's s9 is simply ! measure ( !       

contra/ betwe5 8 "* & ! "* ( ,*ri/4  ,x 
is likely en\gh t _m ( u w nev] discov] 
t we are s9n]s until we h delib]ately   
tri$ & fail$ to foll[ ,*ri/4 ,! mom5t we
 d try s]i\sly to foll[ ,him1 we become 
consci\s ( ! pres5ce )9 ourselves ( t   
horrid imp$im5t :i* ! ,*ur*es call s94  
,we discov] t we are spiritually        
impot5t3 t !re is t 9 u :i* is bo?      
selfi% & self-complac5t3 t !re is a law 
( s9 9 our memb]s :i* is 9 conflict ) ! 
law ( ! ,_s ( life3 & t we h no p[] (   
ourselves to help ourselves4 ,we are at 
! m]cy ( our own "*1 :i* has be5 wrongly
 m\ld$ & =m$ amiss by ! s9s & follies1 !
 self-indulg5ces & ! moral slackness (  
our own pa/ behavi\r4 ,we are1 inde$1   
ti$ & b\nd by ! *a9 ( our s9s4  ,to h   
realiz$ s mu* is to h rea*$ ! necess>y  
/>t+- po9t ( any fruitful consid]ation (
 ! ,*ri/ian ,gospel ( r$emption4 ,!     
appeal ( ! ,cross ( ,*ri/ is to ! human 
consci\sness ( s92 & ! fir/ effect ( a  
true appreciation ( ! mean+ ( ! ,cross  
is to deep5 9 u ! realization ( :at s9  

really is4 ,! crucifixion ( ,*ri/ 0 n ! 
result ( any peculi>ly unexampl$        
wick$ness on ! "p ( individuals4 ,x 0   
simply ! natural & inevitable result ( !
 moral collision betwe5 ,8 ideals & ^? (
 society at l>ge4 ,! *ief actors 9 !    
drama 7 m5 ( l passions ) ourselves1 :o 
7 actuat$ by v ord9>y human motives4 ,x 
is inde$ easy = m5 to say1 ,if we _h be5
 9 ! days ( our fa!rs1 we w\ld n h be5  
p>tak]s ) !m 9 ! blood ( ! prophets3 b 9
 s say+ !y are m]ely be+ witnesses unto 
!mselves t !y are ! *ildr5 ( !m :i*     
kill$ ! prophets4 ,are we inde$ s f>    
remov$ beyond ! rea* ( ! moral weakness 
:i* yields aga9/ its own bett] judgm5t  
to ! clamor\s dem&s ( public op9ion1 z  
to be 9 a position to ca/ /ones at      
,pilate8 ,are we s exempt f ! temptation
 to turn a di%one/ p5ny1 or to ?r[ ov] a
 fri5d :o has disappo9t$ u1 z to        
recognize no e*o ( ourselves 9 ,judas8  
,h we nev] ) ! ,sanh$r9 all[$ ve/$      
int]e/s to w>p our judgm5t1 or res5t$ a 
too se>*+ criticism ( our own "* &      

proce$+s1 or sophi/icat$ our consci5ces 
into a belief t we 7 (f]+ ,,god s]vice  
:5 z a matt] ( fact we 7 m]ely giv+     
expression to ! religi\s & social       
prejudices ( our class8 ,h we nev]1 l ! 
cr[ds :o jo9$ 9 ! hue- &-cry1 foll[$ a  
multitude to d evil8 ,!re appe>s 9 !    
mid/ ( a society ( ord9>y1 av]age m5--m5
 su* z ourselves--a ,man ideally good3 &
 ,he is put to dea? z a blasphem]4 ,t is
 ! awful trag$y ( ! ,crucifixion4 ,:at  
does x mean8 ,x means t a new & lurid   
light is ?r[n ^u ! ord9>y impulses ( our
 m9d4 ,x means t we see s9 to be exce$+ 
s9ful4 ,t is ! fir/ salut>y fruit ( a   
resolute contemplation ( ! ,cross4  ,!  
,cross %[s u1 9 a ^w1 :at we are do+ :5 
we s93 consci\sly or unconsci\sly1 we   
are crucify+ t :i* is good4 ,if we are  
able to g fur!r1 & by fai? to discov] 9 
! "* & be>+ ( ! ,son1 crucifi$ ^u !     
,cross1 ! revelation ( ! he>t ( !       
,et]nal ,fa!r1 !re dawns ^u our m9ds a  
/ill m />tl+ tru?3 consci\sly or        
unconsci\sly1 we are crucify+ ,,god4    

,assum+1 t is to say1 t ,,god is su* z  
,*ri/ianity decl>es ,him to be1 holy1   
righte\s1 ideal & p]fect ,love1 c>+     
int5sely = e "o ( ,8 creatures & hav+ a 
plan & a purpose = ea* "o1 !n e failure 
( ours to correspond ) ! purpose ( ,8   
love1 e fall+ %ort ( ,8 ideal = u1 e    
ackn[l$g$ slackness & moral failure 9   
our lives1 mu* m e wilful & delib]ate   
transgression ( ! moral law1 is simply !
 addition ( yet a fur!r /ab to ! w\nds  
:]e) ,love is w\nd$ 9 ! h\se ( ,8       
fri5ds4 ,fa!r1 =give !m2 !y "k n :at !y 
d--! words ( ! ,crucifi$ are !          
revelation ( :at is 9 fact ! et]nal     
attitude ( ,,god3 !y are ! expression ( 
a love t is w\nd$1 cut to ! he>t &      
crucifi$1 by ! lovelessness1 !          
+ratitude1 ! trag$y ( human s91 b :i*   
nev]!less1 9 spite ( ! pa91 is will+ to 
=give4  ,b ! ,cross is no m]e passivity4
 ,x is m ?an simply a revelation (      
,div9e suff]+1 ( ! et]nal pati5ce ( !   
love ( ,,god4 ,x is ! expression ( ,,god
 9 action3 a de$ ( ,div9e self-         

sacrifice3 a volunt>y tak+ ^u ,himself  
by man's ,et]nal ,lov] ( ! burd5 ( man's
 mis]y & s94 ,!re is a pr(\nd tru? 9 !  
say+ ( ,s4 ,paul1 t ! ,son ( ,,god lov$ 
me1 & gave ,himself = me3 z also 9 ,s4  
,pet]'s words ab\t ! ,*ri/ :o ,8 own    
self b>e our s9s 9 ,8 own body on !     
,tree1 t we1 be+ dead to s9s1 %\ld live 
unto righte\sness4 ,!re is no ne$ to    
import into ! phrases ( ! ,new ,te/am5t 
writ]s ! crude transactional notions (  
lat] !ology1 no ne$ to drag 9 ideas ab\t
 p5alties & puni%m5ts4 ,! sole &        
suffici5t p5alty ( s9 is simply ! /ate (
 be+ a s9n] ,footnote3 ,s91 ( c\rse1 may
 involve consequ5ces1 & ! consequ5ces   
may be bo? irrevocable & bitt]2 nor is x
 d5i$ t fe> ( consequ5ces may op]ate z a
 det]r5t f c]ta9 k9ds ( s94 ,:at is d5i$
 is t su* consequ5ces are rightly to be 
describ$ z puni%m5t43 & ! conception (  
vic>i\s puni%m5t is n m]ely immoral1 b  
un9telligible4 ,vic>i\s suff]+1 inde$1  
!re is3 an enorm\s proportion ( !       
suff]+s ( mank9d--& ! suff]+s ( ,*ri/   

are a conspicu\s case 9 po9t--arise     
directly z ! result ( o!rs' s9 & may be 
will+ly borne = o!rs' sake4 ,& ,*ri/ di$
 because ( ,8 love = m51 & z !          
expression ( ! love ( ,,god = m54 ,he :o
 :olly l to u 0 made s\nd$ ! ultimate   
dep?s ( ! bitt]e/ exp]i5ce to :i* s9 c  
lead1 ev5 ! exp]i5ce ( be+ =sak5 (      
,,god4 ,s ,,god lov$ ! _w4  ,reg>d$ ?us1
 ! ,cross is at once a pot5t in/rum5t = 
br++ m5 to rep5tance1 & also !          
proclamation ( ! free & royal =giv5ess (
 m5's s9s by ! heav5ly ,fa!r4 ,:at ! law
 c\ld n d1 9 t x 0 weak ?r\gh ! fle%1   
,,god s5d+ ,8 own ,son1 9 ! lik5ess (   
s9ful fle%1 & = s91 condemn$ s9 9 !     
fle%3 t ! righte\sness ( ! law might be 
fulfill$ 9 u1 :o walk n aft] ! fle%1 b  
aft] ! ,_s4  ,=giv5ess mu/ be receiv$ on
 ! basis ( rep5tance & confession z !   
free & unm]it$ gift ( ,,god 9 ,*ri/3 b !
 r$emption :i* ,*ri/ came to br+ to m5  
does n /op %ort at ! b>e gift ( initial 
=giv5ess4 ,! ,cross _c rightly be       
sep>at$ f ! ,resurrection1 nor !        

,resurrection f ! be/[al ( ! ,_s4 ,!    
=giv5ess ( pa/ transgressions c>ries ) x
 also ! gift ( a new life 9 ,*ri/ & !   
p[] ( ! indwell+ ,_s to trans=m & purify
 ! he>t4 ,& ?is is a life-long          
process--a process1 inde$1 :i* ext5ds   
beyond ! limits ( ?is pres5t life4 ,!   
old ,adam dies h>d1 & ! victory ( ! _s  
ov] ! fle% is n lightly won4 ,9 !       
life-/ory ( e ,*ri/ian !re are repeat$  
falls3 !re is ne$ ( a fre% gift (       
=giv5ess ev] r5ew$4 ,x is only ov]      
/epp+-/ones ( _! dead selves t m5 are   
enabl$ to rise to high] ?+s4 ,b already 
9 pr9ciple ! victory is won4 ,9 all ^!  
?+s we are m ?an conqu]ors ?r\gh ,him t 
lov$ u4 ,we see 9 ,*ri/ ! fir/-fruits ( 
r$eem$ humanity1 ! "o p]fect response on
 ! side ( man to ! love ( ,,god4 ,&     
?r\gh ,*ri/1 our ,repres5tative1        
self-(f]$ to ! ,fa!r on our behalf1 we  
are bold to h access ) confid5ce unto ! 
?rone ( ,,god & 9 ,him to (f] ourselves1
 t s we may obta9 m]cy1 & f9d grace to  
help 9 "t ( ne$4     ,,*apt] ,,vii  ,,! 

,,*ur* ,,& ,,h] ,,mission ,,9 ,,! ,,_w  
,! ,,god & ,fa!r ( ,jesus ,*ri/ loves e 
human be+ individually1 c>es = ea* & has
 a specific vocation = ea* "o to fulfil4
 ,?is doctr9e ( ! equal preci\sness 9 ! 
sight ( ,,god ( all human s\ls is =     
,*ri/ianity fundam5tal4 ,b ! correlative
 ( ,div9e fa!rhood is human bro!rhood3 j
 because ,,god is love1 & fell[%ip is   
life & heav51 & ! lack ( x is hell1     
,,god does n r$eem m5 individually1 b z 
memb]s ( a bro!rhood1 a ,*ur*4  ,! ,*ur*
 is simply ! p ( ,,god4 ,x is ! fell[%ip
 ( r$eem$ mank9d1 ! community ( all     
fai?ful p ?r\gh\t ?is pres5t _w & 9 !   
sph]e ( ! _w beyond--"o1 holy1 apo/olic 
7i4e4 mission>y71 & ca?olic1 t is1      
univ]sal4 ,dea? is no int]ruption 9 t   
,society1 race is no b>ri]1 & rank      
conveys no privilege4 ,!re is nei!r     
,greek nor ,jew1 circumcision nor       
uncircumcision1 ,b>b>ian1 ,scy?ian1 bond
 nor free3 b ,*ri/ is all1 & 9 all3 ov] 
! ,*ur* ! gates ( ,dea? prevail n3 & ye 
are all "o ,man 9 ,*ri/ ,jesus4         

,fur!rmore1 ! ,*ur* is describ$ z !     
,body1 t is1 ! embodim5t1 ( ,*ri/3 !    
in/rum5t or organ :]eby ! ,_s ( ,*ri/   
works 9 ! _w4 ,h] sev]al memb]s are     
individually limbs or memb]s 9 t ,body1 
& _! individual gifts & capacities1     
:atev] !y may be1 are to be d$icat$ &   
direct$ to ! s]vice ( ! ,body z a :ole1 
& n to any sectional or selfi% ends or  
purposes4 ,9 practical *ur*man%ip1      
rightly und]/ood1 is to be discov]$ !   
clue to ! mean+ & purpose ( human life4 
,aga91 ! ,*ur* is by def9ition          
int]national4 ,! sev]al races &         
nationalities ( mank9d h ea* _! specific
 & individual contribution to make to ! 
,*ur*'s common life1 9 accordance ) _!  
specific national temp]am5ts & g5ius4   
,all ( !m toge!r are ne$$ to give       
adequate expression 9 human life to !   
_m-sid$ ri*es ( ,,god 9 ,*ri/4 ,! ,*ur* 
is incomplete s long z a s+le "o rema9s 
outside4 ,! idea1 !re=e1 ( a s-call$    
,national ,*ur*1 z a ?+ isolat$ &       
self-conta9$1 is intr9sically absurd4   

,!re=e also ! ,*ur* is mission>y4 ,%e   
exi/s 9 ord] to proclaim to all ! _w !  
,good ,news ( ! love ( ,,god4 ,%e exi/s 
to br+ all m5 ev]y:]e "u ! scope (      
,*ri/'s r$emption1 & to claim = ! ,_s ( 
,*ri/ ! effectual lord%ip ov] all human 
?\ght & life & activity4 ,x is h]       
?reefold task at once to develop & make 
real )9 h] own bord]s ! life ( bro!rhood
 9 ,*ri/1 to evangelize ! hea!n by      
decl>+ to !m ! satisfaction ( _!        
in/9ctive se>* = ,,god 9 ! answ]+ se>* (
 ,,god = !m1 & to lab\r = ! discov]y &  
application ( ,*ri/ian solutions to !   
problems ( indu/ry & comm]ce1 ( politics
 & social life & int]national affairs4  
,9 s f> z ! ,*ur* has be5 true to ! ,_s 
( ,*ri/ %e has succe$$2 9 s f> z %e has 
made compromises ) ! _w1 & 9 e g5]ation 
has 9 great] or less degree be5 disloyal
 to ! /&>ds ( h] ,ma/]1 %e has fail$4 ,9
 e g5]ation !re has be5 p>tial & obvi\s 
failure1 side by side ) real1 if p>tial 
& 9 "s ways less imm$iately obvi\s1     
success4 ,b ! ,*ur* c nev] :olly fail & 

mu/ "o day :olly succe$1 = ! reason t   
beh9d h] is ! omnipot5ce ( ! love (     
,,god4     ,,*apt] ,,viii  ,,prote/ant  
,,& ,,ca?olic   ,! la/ *apt] sket*$ !   
ideal ( ! ,*ur* & h] ess5tial mission4  
,! realization ( t ideal 9 ! exi/+      
,*ur*1 visibly embodi$ "h 9 e>? is      
extremely fragm5t>y & imp]fect4 ,! ,*ur*
 t is "o1 & holy1 & apo/olic1 & ca?olic1
 ! bro!rhood 9 ,*ri/ ( all mank9d1 knit 
into unity by ! fell[%ip ( ! ,holy ,_s1 
rema9s a vision ( ! future1 ?\gh a      
vision :i*1 once se51 mank9d w nev]     
rel9qui% until x be accompli%$4 ,i      
believe 9 ! ,holy ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 x has 
be5 said1 b ,i regret t %e does n z yet 
exi/4  ,:at does exi/ is a bewild]+     
multiplicity ( compet+ d5om9ations1 ^:  
po9ts ( diff]5ce are to ! pla9 man      
obscure1 b ^: mutual sep>ation is 9 8   
eyes an obvi\s sc&al & an (f5ce bo?     
aga9/ *>ity & aga9/ common s5se4 ,:y _c 
!y agree to s9k _! diff]5ces1 & to unite
 ^u ! broad basis ( a common loyalty to 
,*ri/8 ,to :at purpose is ?is ov]lapp+ &

 conflict8 ,! reluctant tribute ( !     
anci5t sceptic--,see h[ ^! ,*ri/ians    
love "o ano!r--has become ! mod]n       
worldl+'s cynical & famili> jibe2 & :5  
to ! spectacle ( ,*ri/ian disunion is   
add$ ! obs]vation t pr(ess+ ,*ri/ians ( 
all d5om9ations appe> to diff] f o!r m51
 = ! mo/ "p1 solely 9 _! op9ions & n 9  
_! lives1 ! impulse to cry ,a plague ^u 
all y\r ,*ur*es may seem all b          
irresi/ible4  ,yet ! problem is n       
susceptible ( any *eap or ha/y solution4
 ,unity is ! ,*ur*'s goal2 b ! ,*ur* _c 
arrive at unity by m]e elim9ation (     
diff]5ces4 ,agreem5t to diff] is n      
unity3 an agreem5t to pret5d t !        
diff]5ces 7 n !re w\ld n ev5 be hone/4  
,:at is ne$$ is a sympa!tic /udy ( !    
div]g5t traditions & pr9ciples :i* lie  
beh9d exi/+ diff]5ces1 ) a view to      
discov]+ :i* are really diff]5ces (     
pr9ciple1 & :i* re/ m]ely ^u prejudice4 
,unity1 :5 x comes1 c only be bas$ ^u   
mutual und]/&+ & syn!sis4 ,! task w n be
 easy1 & ! "t is n yet4  ,mean:ile !    

individual's fir/ duty is to be loyal 9 
! fir/ in/ance ,footnote3 ,( c\rse 9 !  
la/ resort no loyalty is due to any     
less] au?ority ?an t ( tru?1 :]esoev] x 
is f\nd & :atsoev] x turns out to be4 to
 ! spiritual tradition & discipl9e ( !  
d5om9ation to :i* he 9 fact belongs1    
unless & until he is l$ to conclude t "s
 o!r embodies a full] & m syn!tic       
pres5tation ( religi\s tru?4 ,x is a    
mi/ake = a man to be cont5t ei!r to     
rema9 9 ignorance ( 8 own imm$iate      
spiritual h]itage or to refuse to try to
 und]/& :at is di/9ctive & vital 9 !    
religi\s h]itage ( o!rs4 ,mo/ fatal (   
all is ! attempt to comb9e p]sonal      
loyalty to ,*ri/ ) ! repudiation (      
organiz$ ,*ri/ianity z a :ole4 ,true    
loyalty to ,*ri/ mo/ c]ta9ly involves   
common religi\s fell[%ip ^u ! basis (   
common memb]%ip 9 ! p ( ,,god4  ,z a    
matt] ( fact1 s soon z ! v>i\s sects &  
d5om9ations into :i* mod]n ,we/]n       
,*ri/ianity is divid$ are s]i\sly       
exam9$1 !y are se5 to fall into ?ree ma9

 types or gr\ps4 ,/&+ by h]self is !    
,*ur* ( ,rome1 v5]able1 augu/1          
impressive 9 virtue ( h] unanimity1 h]  
coh]5ce1 h] ord]$ discipl9e1 & h]       
int]national position1 repres5t+        
exclusively ! anci5t ,ca?olic tradition1
 & mak+ = h]self exclusive claims4 ,at !
 opposite end ( ! scale !re are !       
multitud9\s sects ( ,prote/antism1      
diff]+ mutually among !mselves b t5d+ 7z
 "s obs]v]s ?9k7 to set less & less /ore
 by _! div]g5ces & to develop t[>ds "s  
k9d ( loosely-knit f$]ation--a m or less
 unit$ ,evangelical ,*ur* ^u an         
exclusively ,prote/ant basis4 ,betwe5 ! 
two /&s ! ,*ur* ( ,engl&1 rea*+ out a h&
 9 bo? directions1 pres5t+ to !         
sup]ficial obs]v] ! appe>ance ( a h\se  
divid$ aga9/ itself2 repres5t+          
nev]!less1 accord+ to h] true ideal1 a  
real attempt to syn!size ! ess5tials (  
,ca?olicism ) :at is bo? true & positive
 9 ! ,prote/ant tradition4              
,prote/antism /&s = ! lib]ty ( !        
individual1 = fre$om ( ?\ght & (        

inquiry1 = emphasis ^u ! importance (   
vital p]sonal religion1 = ! w>n+ t =ms &
 c]emonies are ( no value 9 !mselves1 b 
only 9 s f> z !y are ! expression &     
vehicle ( ! _s4 ,prote/antism proclaims 
! lib]ty ( ,*ri/ian prophesy+1 ! free & 
unimp$$ access ( e human s\l to !       
heav5ly ,fa!r1 ! spiritual equality (   
all m5 9 ! sight ( ,,god4 ,! ,prote/ant 
tradition is jeal\s = ! evangelical     
simplicity ( ! ,gospel1 & 9 g5]al may be
 said to repres5t ! pr9ciple ( democracy
 9 religion4  ,ca?olicism1 on ! o!r h&1 
be>s witness to ! glory ( ,*ur*man%ip1  
to ! importance ( corporate loyalty to !
 ,*ri/ian ,society1 to ! value (        
sacram5talism1 & ! ri* h]itage ( anci5t 
devotional traditions1 ( liturgical     
wor%ip & ord]$ ecclesia/ical life4 ,=   
,ca?olicism rites & sacram5ts are n     
anomalies1 /range mat]ial excresc5ces ^u
 a religion o!rwise spiritual4 ,!y are  
!mselves *annels & m$ia ( ! ,_s's       
op]ation1 vehicles ( life & p[]4        
,ca?olicism is m inclusive ?an          

,prote/antism1 includ+1 inde$1 "s ?+s   
:i* ,prote/ants are apt to insi/ %\ld be
 exclud$4 ,! future w\ld seem to lie    
nei!r ) ! negations ( pure ,prote/antism
 nor ) a ,ca?olicism :olly unre=m$2 b r 
) a lib]aliz$ ,ca?olicism :i* %all d    
ju/ice to ! tru? ( ! ,prote/ant witness4
 ,= ! pres5t ! be/ opportunity = ! work+
 out ( su* a lib]aliz$ ,ca?olicism is to
 be f\nd )9 ! ,*ur* ( ,engl&3 & x is f !
 po9t ( view ( an ,engli% ,*ur*man t !  
rema9d] ( ?is book w be writt54         
,,*apt] ,,ix  ,,sacram5ts   ,x is       
sometimes ask$ :e!r ! sacram5ts ( !     
,*ri/ian ,*ur* are two or m ?an two 9   
numb]4 ,! answ] dep5ds 9 "p ^u h[ ! t]m 
sacram5t is def9$4 ,b ! wise/ tea*+ is t
 :i* recognizes 9 p>ticul>              
sacram5ts--su* z ,baptism & ! ,supp] ( !
 ,"l--! op]ation ( a g5]al pr9ciple :i* 
runs ?r\gh\t all human exp]i5ce1 9 ?+s  
bo? sacr$ & pr(ane4 ,i h no s\l1 rem>k$ 
a well-kn[n prea*] on a fam\s occasion1 
,i h no s\l1 because ,i am a s\l3 ,i h a
 body4 ,x w\ld be difficult to express m

 aptly ! pr9ciple ( sacram5ts1 or--:at  
comes to ! same ?+--! true relation%ip (
 ! mat]ial to ! spiritual ord]4  ,we are
 accu/om$1 9 ! _w z we "k x1 to di/+ui% 
_s f matt]3 & we are tempt$1 by ! m]e   
fact t we draw a di/9ction betwe5 !m1 to
 ?9k & speak at times z ?\gh _s & matt] 
7 necess>ily oppos$4 ,?is is a great    
mi/ake4 ,matt]1 s f> f be+ ! opposite or
 ! contradiction ( _s1 is ! m$ium ( its 
expression1 ! vehicle ( its             
manife/ation4 ,_s & matt] are           
correlatives1 b ! ultimate reality ( !  
_w is spiritual4 ,x is ! :ole purpose & 
function ( matt] to express1 to embody1 
to inc>nate1 ! ,_s4 ,! prea*]1 !re=e1 0 
q "r4 ,i am a s\l3 t is1 ,i am a        
p]sonality1 a _s3 & to say t is to give 
expression to ! fundam5tal tru? ( my    
exi/5ce3 ,i am a s\l1 & ,i am n a body4 
,b ,i h a body3 t is1 my p]sonality is  
embodi$ or inc>nate3 ,i h a body :i*    
s]ves z ! vehicle or in/rum5t ( my life 
z a man "h ^u e>?3 a body :i* is ! organ
 ( my _s's self-expression & ! m$ium bo?

 ( my life's exp]i5ce & ( my int]c\rse )
 o!r m54 ,i ?9k1 & my ?\ghts are m$iat$ 
by movem5ts ( ! bra94 ,i speak1 & !     
movem5ts ( my vocal *ords set up        
vibrations & s\nd-waves :i*1 imp++ ^u ! 
n]ves ( ano!r's e>1 affect 9 turn       
ano!r's bra93 & ! process1 reg>d$ f !   
po9t ( view ( ! physiologi/ or !        
sci5tific obs]v]1 is a physical process 
?r\gh & ?r\gh3 yet x m$iates f my m9d to
 ! m9d ( him :o he>s me a mean+ :i* is  
:olly spiritual4  ,?is pr9ciple ( !     
m$iation ( ! spiritual by ! mat]ial is !
 pr9ciple ( sacram5talism4 ,x is !      
pr9ciple ( inc>nation1 :i* runs ?r\gh\t 
! _w4 ,! body is 9 ?is s5se ! sacram5t (
 ! _s1 s\nd is ! sacram5t ( spee*1 &    
language ! sacram5t ( ?\ght4 ,s 9 l     
mann] wat] is ! sacram5t ( cleans+1 h&s 
laid ^u a man's head are ! sacram5t (   
au?ority or ( b5$iction1 food & dr9k are
 ! sacram5t ( life4 ,all life & all     
exp]i5ce are 9 a true s5se sacram5tal1 !
 inw>d ev] seek+ to reveal itself 9 &   
?r\gh ! outw>d1 ! outw>d d]iv+ its :ole 

significance f ! fact t x expresses &   
m$iates ! _s3 s x is t a ge/ure--a b[ or
 a salute--may be a sacram5t (          
polit5ess1 a h&%ake ! sacram5t ( greet+ 
& ( fri5d%ip1 ! beauty ( nature a       
sacram5t ( ! cele/ial beauty1 ! _w a    
sacram5t ( ,,god4  ,x is 9 ! light ( ?is
 g5]al pr9ciple ( sacram5ts t ! specific
 sacram5ts ( ,*ri/ianity are to be      
und]/ood4 ,9 ,baptism ! wat] ( an outw>d
 wa%+ is ! sacram5t bo? ( initiation    
into a spiritual society1 & also ( !    
cleans+ & reg5]at+ p[] ( ,,god4 ,9      
,confirmation ! ,*ur*'s outw>d          
b5$iction1 ( :i* ! ,bi%op is ! m9i/]1 is
 ! sacram5t ( an inw>d gift ( spiritual 
/r5g?4 ,9 ,absolution words outw>dly    
pron\nc$ by human lips are a sacram5t ( 
,div9e =giv5ess & a pl$ge to assure u   
!re(4 ,9 ! ,eu*>i/ ! outw>d elem5ts (   
food & dr9k are ! sacram5tal embodim5t (
 ,*ri/ & ! vehicles ( ,8 outp\r$ life4  
,o!r sacram5ts1 or rites commonly       
reckon$ sacram5tal1 we ne$ n "h         
p>ticul>ly consid]4 ,footnote3          

,matrimony & ,holy ,ord]s are discuss$ 9
 diff]5t connexions else:]e 9 ?is book4 
,! sacram5t ( ,unction1 by :i* is meant 
! ,ano9t+ ( ! ,sick ) oil 9 ! "n ( ! ,"l
 ) a view to _! recov]y 7to be di/+ui%$ 
f ! m$iaeval & mod]n ,roman use (       
,extreme ,unction z a prep>ation =      
dea?71 has be5 reviv$ sporadically )9 ! 
,*ur* ( ,engl& 9 rec5t times1 b is n    
usually = ! pla9 man ( m ?an academic   
importance or int]e/4  ,baptism &       
,confirmation  ,baptism is ! sacram5t ( 
,*ri/ian initiation1 :]eby a man is made
 visibly a memb] ( ! ,*ri/ian fell[%ip4 
,conv]ts 7 orig9ally baptiz$ 9 adult    
life1 z !y are to-day 9 ! mission field4
 ,! c&idate publicly r5\nc$ 8 hea!n pa/ 
& made a pr(ession ( 8 fai? 9 ,*ri/ & 8 
desire to be loyal to ,8 ,*ur*4 ,z a    
s9n] 9 ne$ ( r$emption he w5t d[n into !
 wat]1 & 0 ?ree times imm]s$ 9 ! ,"n ( !
 ,fa!r1 & ( ! ,son1 & ( ! ,holy ,gho/4  
,! rite convey$ an assurance ( !        
=giv5ess ( s9s4 ,! go+ d[n into ! wat]  
symboliz$ ! burial ( ! dead pa/4 ,! com+

 up out ( ! wat] express$ ! idea (      
resurrection to newness ( life 9 ,*ri/4 
,! new-made ,*ri/ian 0 said to be born  
aga9 ( wat] & ( ! ,_s3 ! old ,adam 0    
sla91 ! new man rais$ up4 ,! c&idate 0  
h5ce=w>d a memb] ( ,*ri/1 a *ild (      
,,god1 an inh]itor ( ! ,k+dom ( ,heav54 
,he 0 admitt$ bo? to ! privileges & to !
 responsibilities ( ,*ur* memb]%ip4 ,x  
rema9$ only t he %\ld walk wor?ily ( 8  
,*ri/ian pr(ession1 & to ?is end h&s 7  
laid ^u 8 head 9 b5$iction1 ) pray] t he
 might be made /rong by ! indwell+ p[] (
 ! ,holy ,_s4 ,confirmation 0 ?us !     
complem5t ( ,baptism1 & ! two ?+s       
normally w5t toge!r4 ,! same ord] is    
/ill commonly obs]v$ to- day 9 ! case ( 
p]sons baptiz$ 9 adult life1 & has !    
advantage ( mak+ ! significance ( bo?   
rites1 & _! mutual relation1 at once m  
vivid & m intelligible4  ,b ! "q arose1 
9 ! second ,*ri/ian g5]ation1 ( ! /atus 
( *ildr5 9 relation to ! ,*ur*4 ,might  
*ildr5 be admitt$ to memb]%ip 9 infancy1
 or mu/ !y wait until !y 7 adult8 ,!    

,*ur* decid$ t !y 7 admissible1 provid$ 
!re 7 reasonable assurance t !y w\ld be 
,*ri/ianly br\ght up4 ,:y %\ld a *ild   
gr[ up 9 hea!nism8 ,_h n ! ,"l said1    
,suff] ! little *ildr5 to come unto ,me1
 & =bid !m n8 ,!re seem$ no reason :y   
*ildr5 %\ld n be br\ght at once )9 !    
sph]e ( ,*ri/ian reg5]ation4  ,b if     
*ildr5 7 baptiz$ 9 infancy1 x 0 pla9ly  
ess5tial t !y %\ld at a lat] /age       
receive sy/ematic in/ruction 9 ,*ri/ian 
fai? & practice2 & ! ,we/]n ,*ur* 7?\gh 
n ! ,ea/]n7 adopt$ ! practice ( sep>at+ 
,confirmation f ,baptism1 & def]r+ ! =m]
 until su* in/ruction _h be5 receiv$4 ,!
 plan has obvi\s advantages1 ?\gh x t5ds
 to obscure 9 "s respects ! ess5tial    
mean+ ( ,confirmation & its orig9al     
close relation to ! sacram5t ( ,baptism4
  ,9 mod]n usage ,baptism is normally   
adm9i/]$ by a prie/1 ,confirmation      
always by a ,bi%op4 ,c&idates are       
receiv$ by ! latt] ^u ! assurance ( "o (
 8 subord9ate cl]gy t !y are adequately 
in/ruct$ & rightly dispos$ by fai? &    

p5it5ce to receive ! gifts ( ! ,holy    
,gho/--! _s ( wisdom & und]/&+1 ! _s (  
c\nsel & might1 ! _s ( k & ( ! fe> ( !  
,"l4 ,z an imm$iate prelim9>y to !      
actual rite ! c&idate solemnly &        
delib]ately decl>es 8 acceptance ( !    
obligations & implications ( 8 baptism4 
,! lay+ on ( h&s :i* foll[s is 9 "o     
aspect ! recognition by ! ,bi%op1 z *ief
 pa/or ( ! flock ( ,*ri/ 9 8 own        
diocese1 t ! c&idate is h5ce=w>d (      
communicant /atus4 ,9 ano!r aspect x is 
! be/[al ?r\gh pray] ( a full] gift ( ! 
,holy ,gho/1 :]eby ! c&idate is confirm$
 7i4e4 made /rong74 ,x %\ld be not$ t ! 
,bi%op's pray] = ea* c&idate is n t he  
may be made magically p]fect !re & !n1 b
 t he may daily increase 9 ,,god',s     
,holy ,_s m & m1 until he come to       
,,god',s ev]la/+ ,k+dom4  ,! ,sacram5t (
 ,rep5tance  ,x mu/ be admitt$ t v l>ge 
numb]s ( ^? :o are confirm$ lapse at an 
e>ly /age 9 _! lives f ! communion ( !  
,*ur* & nev] return4 ,! causes ( ?is are
 v>i\s1 & !re is no "o sov]eign or      

univ]sal rem$y4 ,sometimes x is to be   
fe>$ t !re has be5 ei!r lack (          
intellig5ce or lack ( ?or\ghness 9 !    
c&idates' prep>ation4 ,9 n a few cases  
:at has really happ5$ is t ! "y         
communicant has be5 l$ into ! commission
 ( "s s9 ( a k9d :i* 8 own consci5ce    
recognizes z grave1 s t he feels t he   
has spoilt 8 record & fail$ to live up  
to 8 pr(ession4 ,to g back to communion1
 he ?9ks1 w\ld 9 ^! circum/ances be a   
k9d ( mock]y4 ,un=tunately he does n    
"k--s9ce too (t5 he has n be5           
taught--any effectual me?od ( spiritual 
recov]y & r5ewal4  ,:at is ne$$ 9 su*   
cases is a real doctr9e & practice (    
,*ri/ian rep5tance4 ,x is ! univ]sal    
tea*+ ( ! ,*ri/ian ,*ur* t =giv5ess is  
freely available = all ^? :o truly      
rep5t4 ,a man :o1 lay+ aside            
self-ju/ification1 w freely ackn[l$ge 8 
(f5ces & %ortcom+s be=e ,,god1 & t 9 a  
_s n ( self-pity1 self-loa?+ or         
self-contempt1 b ( sorr[ at hav+ br\ght 
discr$it ^u ! ,*ri/ian "n & done :at 9  

him lies to crucify ! ,son ( ,,god      
afre%1 may freely claim & f9d 9 ,*ri/   
=giv5ess & inw>d peace4  ,?is ,gospel or
 message ( ! =giv5ess ( s9s x is "p ( ! 
mission ( ! ,*ri/ian ,*ur* to set =?4 ,x
 is h] mission to set x =? n m]ely z a  
piece ( good news proclaim$ 9 g5]al t]ms
 to ! _w at l>ge1 b z a heal+ assurance 
br\ght home 9 detail1 z ne$ may require1
 to ! individual consci5ces ( s9n]s4    
,:osesoev] s9s ye remit1 !y are remitt$ 
unto !m1 & :osesoev] s9s ye reta91 !y   
are reta9$4 ,! words may h be5 utt]$ by 
! hi/orical ,jesus ( ,naz>e?1 or !y may 
n-- !y are ascrib$ to ! ris5 ,*ri/ 9 !  
,f\r? ,gospel4 ,9 any ev5t !y repres5t !
 ,*ur*'s conviction ( h] au?ority to    
ex]cise a reconcil+ m9i/ry1 to remit s9s
 & to reta9 !m4  ,9 e>ly times su* grave
 (f5d]s z by _! de$s _h br\ght sc&al ^u 
! ,*ri/ian "n 7 exclud$ f ,*ri/ian      
fell[%ip until reconcil$ by p5ance2 & _m
 ^: s9s1 be+ secret1 might o!rwise h    
escap$ detection1 pref]r$ to make op5   
confession ( !m 9 ! ,*ri/ian assembly4  

,confess y\r faults "o to ano!r1 writes 
,s4 ,james1 & pray "o = ano!r1 t ye may 
be heal$4 ,! anci5t sy/em ( public      
p5ance 7i4e4 p5it5ce7 0 = a "t at lea/  
reviv$ 9 a mod]n =m by                  
,wesley4,footnote3 ,! class-meet+ (     
/rict ,wesleyanism is said to h         
orig9ally involv$ mutual confession (   
s9s among ! memb]s ( ! class4 ,its      
application to notori\s (f5d]s is       
describ$ 9 ! ,engli% ,pray]-book z a    
godly discipl9e1 ! re/oration ( :i* is  
mu* to be wi%$4 ,b x is h>dly           
practicable "u ! conditions ( mod]n     
,*ur* life1 & x has disadvantages z well
 z advantages4 ,its work+ 9 ! e>ly days 
( ! ,*ur* 0 n f\nd to be :olly = good4  
,burd5$ consci5ces nev]!less require    
relief3 & s9 is n m]ely a private affair
 betwe5 ! s\l & ,,god2 x is also an     
(f5ce aga9/ ! ,bro!rhood4 ,a sy/em grew 
up "u :i* ! ne$ 0 met by ! sub/itution1 
9 ! majority ( cases1 ( private = public
 p5ance4 ,confession 0 made1 no long]   
be=e ! :ole assembly1 b privately be=e !

 ,bi%op1 ^: (fice x 01 bo? z pa/or ( !  
flock & z repres5tative ( ! ,*ur*1 to   
decl>e =giv5ess or absolution1 & to     
re/ore p5it5ts to communion4 ,at a lat] 
date presbyt]s or prie/s 7 also         
au?oriz$1 z delegates ( ! ,bi%op = ?is &
 o!r purposes1 to receive confessions & 
to absolve p5it5ts4  ,9 ?is way arose 9 
! ,*ur* :at came to be kn[n z ! sacram5t
 ( ,p5ance1 or ! practice ( sacram5tal  
confession4 ,x 0 rank$ z a sacram5t = ! 
reason t ! inw>d assurance ( ,,god',s   
p>don is 9 ?is connexion outw>dly m$iat$
 by words ( ,absolution audibly         
pron\nc$4 ,9 m$ieval times !re grew up a
 regul> sy/em ( ! confessional & an     
elaborate sci5ce ( ! guidance &         
direction ( s\ls4 ,rec\rse to sacram5tal
 confession 0 made obligatory = all     
,*ri/ians at lea/ once 9 ! ye>4         
,footnote3 ,?is is /ill ! =mal rule ( ! 
,*ur* ( ,rome4 ,! sy/em came to be      
att5d$ by _m sup]/itions & abuses1      
frequ5tly x 0 exploit$ 9 ! int]e/s ( a  
corrupt sac]dotalism1 sometimes x 0     

associat$ ) a degrad+ casui/ry4  ,b !   
confessional met & meets a real human   
ne$2 & :ile ,prote/antism1 z a :ole1    
broke away at ! "t ( ! ,re=mation 9 a   
viol5t reaction f ! :ole !ory & practice
 ( sacram5tal confession1 ! ,*ur* (     
,engl& q delib]ately reta9$ x4 ,x 0     
aboli%$ z a compulsory obligation4 ,x 0 
made less prom95t 9 ! ,*ur*'s sy/em4 ,b 
z a means ( spiritual reconciliation &  
spiritual guidance1 freely op5 to su* z 
= any reason desire to make use ( x1 x 0
 reta9$2 & 9 ! case ( p]sons :o =       
reasons ( consci5ce hesitate to pres5t  
!mselves = ,holy ,communion x is        
specifically urg$ 9 ! ,book ( ,common   
,pray] z ! ne$$ rem$y4 ,footnote3 ,see !
 clos+ p>agraph ( ! fir/ ( ! ?ree l5g?y 
exhortations to ,holy ,communion1 pr9t$ 
imm$iately aft] ! ,pray] = ! ,*ur*      
,militant 9 ! ,pray]- book4,! words (   
,s4 ,john xx4 #bc are quot$ 9 !         
,anglican =mula ( ord9ation to !        
prie/hood2 & a =m ( words to be us$ by !
 prie/ 9 ! private absolution ( p5it5ts 

is prescrib$ 9 ! ,(fice = ! ,visitation 
( ! ,sick4  ,z reg>ds ! !ory ( !        
confessional x is important to be> c]ta9
 ?+s 9 m9d4 ,! confession is made       
prim>ily to ,,god1 second>ily to ,8     
,*ur*4 ,! prie/ is ! ,*ur*'s accr$it$   
delegate & repres5tative4 ,he acts n 9  
virtue ( any magical p[]s inh]5t 9      
himself1 ei!r z an individual or z a    
memb] ( any s-call$ sac]dotal ca/e4 ,if 
he decl>es ! p5it5t absolv$ x is z pa/or
 ( ! flock1 & z "o (ficially au?oriz$ by
 ! ,*ur* to be h] m\?piece = ^!         
purposes4 ,! ultimate absolv+ au?ority1 
"u ,,god1 is ! ,*ri/ian ,society z a    
:ole4 ,x is a confessor's duty to assure
 himself ( ! reality ( ! p5it5t's       
contrition1 & to enjo9 t re/itution or  
am5ds %all be made = any wrong :i* has  
be5 done1 9 all cases 9 :i* am5ds or    
re/itution is possible4 ,he may also    
give advice & c\nsel = ! guidance ( !   
spiritual life2 & x is cu/om>y to enjo9 
! p]=mance ( a p5ance1 :i* 9 mod]n      
practice usually takes ! =m ( "s m9or   

spiritual ex]cise ( a m or less rem$ial 
k9d4 ,! acceptance ( ! p5ance is reg>d$ 
z an enact$ symbol ( submission to !    
,*ur*'s judgm5t4 7,! m$iaeval !ory t !  
p5ance is ( ! nature ( a puni%m5t or    
p5alty impos$ by ! ,*ur* ^u h] err+     
memb]s ought1 ,i ?9k1 to be repudiat$4  
,x is p]haps p]missible to diff] f !    
moral !ology ( ,borne 9 hold+ t x is n  
ess5tial to impose a p5ance at all1 :ile
 recogniz+ ! value 9 mo/ cases ( sugge/+
 "s def9ite act ( self-discipl9e or     
obs]vance1 ( a k9d adapt$ to ! p5it5t's 
circum/ances & ne$s74 ,! confessor is1 (
 c\rse1 b\nd 9 ! /ricte/ way n to reveal
 any?+ said to him 9 confession1 or to  
broa* ! subject aga9 to ! p5it5t )\t !  
latt]'s express p]mission1 or to all[ 8 
subsequ5t mann] or behavi\r to be       
influ5c$ 9 any ! lea/ degree by :at has 
be5 confess$4  ,x is highly un=tunate t 
! practice ( sacram5tal confession %\ld 
h be5 made ! subject ( controv]sy1 & z a
 consequ5ce ( ?is t ! ,*ur*'s tea*+ )   
reg>d to x %\ld h be5 ei!r unheal?ily   

suppress$ or obtrud$ out ( season4 ,!re 
are )\t d\bt num]\s cases 9 :i* su* a   
spiritual rem$y is badly ne$$4 ,!re are 
burd5$ s\ls ne$+ absolution & !re are   
p]plex$ s\ls ne$+ guidance4 ,:at is     
desirable is t ! actual tea*+ ( ! ,*ur* 
( ,engl& on ?is subject %\ld be pla9ly &
 frankly set be=e h] memb]s1 & t        
opportunities %\ld be af=d$ !m ( mak+ _!
 confessions if !y desire or ne$ to d s4
 ,x is ! pla9 duty ( a p>i% prie/ to    
provide su* opportunities = 8 p4 ,he is 
z pla9ly go+ beyond 8 duty if he tries  
to en=ce ! practice ( sacram5tal        
confession z a necess>y obligation4 ,!re
 are diff]5ces ( op9ion z to h[         
widespread is ! spiritual ne$ to :i*    
confession m9i/]s4 ,!re are reasons =   
?9k+ t x is m widespread ?an is commonly
 recogniz$4 ,b x is ( vital importance t
 no "o %\ld be press$ or br[-beat5 into 
go+ to confession1 or %\ld d s1 9 any   
circum/ances1 o!rwise ?an by 8 own      
volunt>y act4  ,! ,sacram5t ( ,holy     
,communion  ,?r\gh\t ,*ri/ian hi/ory & 9

 all p>ts ( ,*ri/5dom ! c5tral & highe/ 
focus ( ,*ri/ian wor%ip & devotion1 & ! 
great normal vivify+ *annel ( spiritual 
r5ewal & p[]1 has be5 ! sacram5t ( ,holy
 ,communion4 ,x has be5 celebrat$ amid  
great div]sities ( liturgy & ritual &   
circum/ance1 & has be5 kn[n by _m       
diff]5t names & titles--mass1 eu*>i/1   
communion1 sacrifice3 ess5tially x is "o
 ?+--! sacram5t ( ! ,body & ,blood (    
,*ri/4  ,! ,gospels record t at ! ,la/  
,supp] on ! night ( ,8 betrayal ! ,"l   
,jesus took bread & bless$ & broke x1   
say+1 ,take1 eat3 ?is is ,my ,body1 :i* 
is = y3 d ?is 9 remembrance ( ,me3 & t 9
 l mann] ,he took a ,cup ( m+l$ w9e &   
wat]1 & :5 ,he _h giv5 ?anks ,he gave x 
to !m1 say+1 ,?is ,cup is ! ,new        
,cov5ant 9 ,my ,blood1 :i* is %$ = y & =
 _m = ! remission ( s9s3 d ?is1 z (t5 z 
ye %all dr9k x1 9 remembrance ( ,me4  ,)
 ! exceptions ( ! ,society ( ,fri5ds & !
 ,salvation ,army1 e exi/+ d5om9ation ( 
,*ri/ians has cont9u$ 9 "o =m or ano!r !
 obs]vance ( ?is ,my/ical ,meal4 ,9 !   

,roman ,*ur*1 & 9 _m p>i%es ( ! ,*ur* ( 
,engl&1 x is celebrat$ daily2 & x is    
evid5t f ! provisions ( h] ,pray]-book t
 ! ,*ur* ( ,engl& int5ds t !re %all be a
 celebration ( ! ,communion 9 all normal
 p>i%es at lea/ on all ,sundays & ,holy 
,days4  ,hi/orically ! in/itution ( !   
weekly ,eu*>i/ is deeply root$ 9 !      
tradition ( ! ,*ur*1 & is ! orig9 ( !   
,*ri/ian ,sunday1 ,! ,*ri/ians met      
toge!r week by week to keep on ! day ( !
 ,"l's ris+ t memorial ( ! crucifi$ yet 
ris5 ,*ri/ :i* is also ,*ri/'s gift (   
,himself to m54 ,x w\ld h seem$         
un?9kable 9 ! e>ly days ( ,*ri/ianity = 
any baptiz$ ,*ri/ian1 :o 0 n prev5t$ by 
unavoidable circum/ances f be+ pres5t1  
to be abs5t on ! ,"l's ,day f ! ,"l's   
,table4 ,x ought to be equally un?9kable
 to-day4  ,) reg>d to ! significance ( !
 ,sacram5t1 a man's view is necess>ily  
col\r$ p>tly by 8 own exp]i5ce z a      
communicant1 & p>tly by ! ext5t to :i*  
he is dispos$ to atta* weight to !      
devotional traditions ( ,*ri/5dom z a   

:ole2 & x is wor? rememb]+ t =ms ( tea*+
 ab\t ,holy ,communion :i* are          
intellectually crude may repres5t a     
real1 ?\gh an infelicit\s1 attempt to   
express 9 ?\ght c]ta9 elem5ts 9 eu*>i/ic
 exp]i5ce :i* are deep & real1 & to :i* 
m att5uat$ types ( doctr9e fail to d    
ju/ice4  ,! celebration ( ! ,eu*>i/ is f
 "o po9t ( view an enact$ drama1 a do+  
ov] aga9 9 ! "n & 9 ! p]son ( ,*ri/ ( t 
:i* ,*ri/ did 9 ,8 own p]son on ! night 
( ! ,la/ ,supp]4 ,bread is tak5 & bless$
 & brok5 & (f]$ to ,,god 9 ?anksgiv+3   
,w9e 9 l mann] is p\r$ out & bless$ &   
(f]$ toge!r ) ! ,bread4 ,& ! ,bread & ! 
,w9e symbolize ! ,body & ! ,blood (     
,*ri/--! ,body t 0 brok5 & ! ,blood t 0 
%$--! life t 0 freely giv5 = ! life ( ! 
_w4  ,! :ole drama ( ! ,eu*>i/ is ?us   
deeply symbolical2 b ! ,bread & ! ,w9e  
are m ?an m]e symbols 9 ! mod]n s5se ( t
 ^w4 ,!y are a sacram5t ( ,*ri/         
,himself1 :o by means ( !m manife/s ,8  
pres5ce 9 ! mid/ ( ,8 wor%ipp+ disciples
 to be ! ,bread ( life & ! ,food ( s\ls4

 ,?is is ,my ,body--t is1 ,?is embodies 
,me3 :]e ?is is1 ,i am3 receiv+ ?is1 y  
receive ,me4 ,?is is ,my ,blood--t is1  
,?is is ,my life3 ,my life :i* is giv5 =
 y3 ,my life :i* 9 dea? ,i laid d[n & 9 
ris+ aga9 f ! dead ,i resum$3 ,my life  
:i* is to be ! pr9ciple ( spiritual life
 9 y4 ,except ye eat ! fle% ( ! ,son (  
,man1 & dr9k ,8 blood1 ye h no life 9 y4
 ,:oso eate? ,my fle% & dr9ke? ,my      
blood1 ha? et]nal life4444 ,he t eate?  
,my fle% & dr9ke? ,my blood1 dwelle? 9  
,me & ,i 9 him4  ,!re is1 !n1 9 !       
communion ( ! ,body & ,blood ( ,*ri/ a  
manife/ation ( ,*ri/'s ,real ,pres5ce1 a
 spiritual ,pres5ce inde$1 :i* is       
disc]n$ by ! spiritual vision ( ,*ri/ian
 fai?1 b a ,pres5ce ( :i* ! reality is  
indep5d5t ( individual fai?lessness1    
?\gh n indep5d5t ( ! fai? ( ! ,*ri/ian  
,*ur* z a :ole4  ,?is doctr9e ( ! ,real 
,pres5ce 7z x is call$7 ( c\rse does n  
imply t ,*ri/ is abs5t f ,8 ,*ur* at o!r
 times or 9 o!r connexions4 ,we believe 
t all times & places are pres5t to ! m9d

 ( ,*ri/1 & t !re=e at all times & 9 all
 places we are 9 ,8 pres5ce4 ,we        
believe1 fur!r1 t ,*ri/ ?r\gh ! ,_s is  
embodi$1 h[ev] inadequately1 9 ,8 ,*ur*1
 & t ,he dwells spiritually 9 ! he>ts ( 
,*ri/ian m54 ,!re is no?+1 h[ev]1 9 ^!  
tru?s to exclude ! fur!r tru? t ,8      
pres5ce is specially manife/$ ?r\gh !   
,bread :i* embodies ,him & ! ,w9e :i* is
 ,8 ,blood4 ,bread & w9e1 solemnly set  
ap>t = ! purpose ( communion & hall[$ by
 ! ,_s 9 response to ! pray] ( ! ,*ur*1 
possess h5ce=w>d a significance :i* did 
n belong to !m be=e4 ,!y are n[ vehicles
 or sacram5ts ( ! ,body & ,blood (      
,*ri/4  ,! purpose ( ! manife/ation (   
,*ri/'s ,pres5ce 9 ,holy ,communion is t
 we %\ld receive ,him1 & a p>ticipation 
9 ! s]vice :i* /ops %ort ( actual       
communion is s f> incomplete4 ,b x is   
gratuit\s to assume t ! reality ( !     
sacram5tal ,pres5ce is limit$ to ! mom5t
 ( actual or individual reception1 & x  
is untrue to say t att5dance at !       
s]vice1 ap>t f individual reception1 is 

unmean+4 ,! habitual att5dance ( p]sons 
:o are n regul> communicants--unless x  
be 9 ! case ( ^? :o = any reason are z  
yet unconfirm$--falls %ort ( full       
disciple%ip & is intr9sically           
undesirable4 ,b ?is objection does n    
apply to att5dance at ! s]vice on ! "p (
 communicant ,*ur*m5 :o yet on a        
p>ticul> occasion d n communicate3 & to 
att5d ?r\gh\t ! s]vice )\t p]sonally    
communicat+ is a proc$ure inf9itely     
pref]able to ! irrev]5t mod]n cu/om1    
/ill preval5t 9 too _m p>i%es1 ( leav+ !
 ,*ur* 9 ! c\rse ( a celebration ( !    
,communion1 & be=e ! consecration has   
tak5 place4 ,x is unfair to ^? :o are   
prep>+ to receive ,communion t _!       
devotions %\ld be di/urb$ by ! noisy    
egress ( a l>ge body ( wor%ipp]s4 ,x is 
also q un9telligible t any ,*ur*man :o  
consid]s s]i\sly ! mean+ ( ! ,eu*>i/    
%\ld be cont5t to dep>t be=e !          
liturgical drama has rea*$ its climax4  
,z reg>ds actual reception ( ,holy      
,communion1 x is a p>tak+ ( ,*ri/1 :o   

gives ,himself !re9 to ,8 disciples to  
be 9 !m a spiritual pr9ciple ( life &   
p[]4 ,s4 ,paul discov]s 9 ! ,eu*>i/ a   
spiritual food & dr9k :i* is ! reality  
to :i* ! ,manna & ! ,wat] f ! ,rock (   
,hebrew /ory correspond z types & %ad[s1
 & he decl>es t ! ,bread :i* we break is
 a %>+ ( ! ,body ( ,*ri/1 & t ! ,cup (  
,bless+ :i* we bless is a %>+ ( ,8      
,blood4 ,at ! same "t ! ,communion is n 
to be int]pret$ 9 any gross or c>nal    
mann]1 or 9 su* a way z to give col\r to
 ! anci5t taunt ( ,celsus1 ! hea!n      
critic1 t ,*ri/ians 7 self-confess$     
cannibals4 ,! ,f\r? ,gospel1 :i*1 9 a   
context t is 9 a g5]al s5se eu*>i/ic1   
ascribes to our ,"l /rong phrases ab\t !
 necessity ( eat+ ,8 fle% & dr9k+ ,8    
blood1 proce$s 9 ! same context to      
expla9 t x is ! ,_s t give? life1 t !   
fle%1 9 itself1 pr(ite? no?+4 ,! say+s  
:i* ,i h spok5 unto y are _s & are life4
 ,9 o!r words1 we are to und]/& t :5 our
 ,"l uses ! t]ms fle% & blood ,he means 
! ,_s ( :i* ,8 life 9 ! fle% 0 !        

expression1 & ! ,life ( :i* ,8 outp\r$  
,blood 0 ! pr9ciple3 t ! inw>d reality (
 ! ,eu*>i/ is to be discov]$1 n 9 any   
quasi-mat]ial fle%ly embodim5t :i* !    
,bread conceals1 or 9 any quasi-lit]al  
,blood1 b r 9 ! ,_s & ! ,life ( ,*ri/   
,himself4 ,! ,bread is ,8 ,body 9 ! s5se
 t x is an embodim5t ( ,8 ,_s3 ! ,w9e is
 ,8 ,blood 9 ! s5se t x m$iates ,8      
,life4 ,! sacram5t is to be und]/ood z a
 po9t ( p]sonal contact ) ,jesus ,*ri/4 
,rightly to receive ,communion is to    
hold spiritual conv]se ) ! ris5 ,"l & to
 f9d 9 ,him ! ,bread ( ,life1 ! food &  
su/5ance ( ! s\l4 ,s x is t ! ,eu*>i/1  
at once supremely natural & :olly       
sup]natural1 is ! meet+-place ( e>? &   
heav54 ,f "o po9t ( view our wor%ip is 9
 ! heav5ly places 9 ,*ri/ ,jesus4 ,x is 
) angels & ar*angels & ) all ! company (
 heav51 t we laud & magnify ,,god',s    
,holy ,"n4 ,we jo9 9 an et]nal act (    
wor%ip1 :i* is t ( ! :ole ,*ur*1 !      
dep>t$ ) ! liv+1 ^: adoration asc5ds    
cont9ually be=e ! ?rone ( ,,god4  ,if we

 l to express x s1 we are plead+ !      
et]nal sacrifice3 we are unit+          
ourselves1 9 desire & 9 int5tion1 )     
,*ri/'s et]nal self-devotion & oblation 
( ,himself4 ,calv>y itself 0 9 a s5se b 
! enact$ symbol1 ! supreme outw>d       
expression1 ( our ,"l's sacrifice1 ( :i*
 ! inw>d ess5ce is et]nal4 ,x is !      
self-(f]+ ( a ,w t 0 :olly d$icat$ to   
,,god on o!rs' behalf1 ob$i5t ev5 unto  
dea?1 & ?r\gh dea? triumphant3 ! ,w (   
,"o :o ?r\gh ! ,et]nal ,_s (f]$ ,himself
 )\t spot to ,,god1 & :o n[1 be+ asc5d$ 
into ! heav5s1 = ev] live? to make      
int]cession = u4 ,look+ at ! ,eu*>i/ f  
?is po9t ( view we are bold to approa* !
 ,?rone ( ,,god & to (f] ,*ri/ on our   
behalf--,behold ! ,lamb ( ,,god t take? 
away ! s9 ( ! _w3 b we proce$ also to   
(f] ourselves 9 ,*ri/--,"h we (f] &     
pres5t unto ,!e1 ,o ,"l1 ourselves1 our 
s\ls & bodies1 to be a reasonable1 holy 
& lively sacrifice unto ,!e4  ,& s do+  
we are made "o ) ,*ri/ & "o 9 ,him ) ea*
 o!r4 ,! ,eu*>i/ has a social aspect :i*

 is too little reg>d$4 ,x is ! sacram5t 
( ,holy ,fell[%ip4 ,we t are _m are "o  
,bread1 "o ,body1 wrote ,s4 ,paul1 = we 
all p>take ( ! "o ,bread4 ,! ,holy      
,communion is ! sacram5t ( ! unity ( all
 ,*ri/ians 9 ,*ri/4 ,! sc&al ( a divid$ 
,*ri/5dom %[s itself p]haps mo/ ( all 9 
! fact t x prev5ts int]- communion4 ,= t
 v reason x appe>s to _m p]sons unreal1 
& !re=e wrong1 to practise isolat$ acts 
( int]-communion :ile ecclesia/ical     
diff]5ces rema9 unresolv$3 x is to      
conceal ! fact ( actual disunion b5ea? !
 cloak ( imm$iate s5tim5t4 ,yet !re is a
 true s5se 9 :i*1 ?r\gh ! ,_s1 we are1 9
 ! act ( communion1 made "o ) ! fell[%ip
 ( all fai?ful p :e!r 9 ! sph]e ( ?is   
e>?ly life or 9 ! _w t is beyond dea? & 
te>s3 ) all ^?1 ( :atev] race or rank or
 age or c\ntry1 :o amid :atev] div]sity 
( language & liturgy & d5om9ational     
loyalty1 h nam$ ! "n ( ,*ri/ & receiv$ !
 life ( ,*ri/ 9 ob$i5ce to ,8 comm& z !y
 und]/ood x4 ,!re is no bond comp>able  
to ?is bond1 & no equality l ! equality 

( ^? :o1 high & l[1 ri* & poor1 "o )    
ano!r1 kneel side by side z bro!rs &    
si/]s at ! common ,table ( ! ,"l4  ,&   
la/ly !re is a fur!r po9t4 ,! ,body (   
,*ri/ is a brok5 ,body & ! ,blood is    
,blood t is %$4 ,?is is ,my ,body :i* is
 = y--= y1 & nev] = ,myself4 ,! ,bread  
is ! ,bread ( ,sacrifice & ! ,cup is !  
,/irrup-cup ( ,s]vice3 & "p1 surely1 & a
 great "p1 ( ! mean+ ( ! words1 ,d ?is 9
 remembrance ( ,me1 is ,break y\r bodies
 9 union ) ,my ,body brok53 give y\r    
lives 9 sacrifice = o!rs1 z ,i h giv5   
,m9e4 ,! ,eu*>i/1 rightly reg>d$1 is !  
ma9spr+ & motive-p[] ( s]vice1 !        
pr9ciple ( a life t is crucifi$4 ,& all 
^? :o 9 _! day & g5]ation h sp5t _!     
lives unselfi%ly & us$ !mselves up 9    
promot+ causes n _! own are p>tak]s 9 t 
,holy ,fell[%ip4  ,at ?is pres5t "t ( w>
 & tumult1 :5 all ! p[]s ( ,hell are    
abroad & leagu$ toge!r = ! onset1 we ?9k
 ( t :i* alone c be ! r$emption ( w>1   
ev5 ! self-devotion ( ^? :o1 hat+ ! :ole
 devili% bus9ess & go+ into x only      

because !y saw no alt]native to ,duty's 
cle> & imp]ative call1 h be5 c\nt$ wor?y
 to %[ =? ! love ?an :i* no man ha?     
great]1 ev5 to lay d[n _! lives = _!    
fri5ds4 ,!re is no "o s un=tunate z n to
 h kn[n "s su* m54 ,& at ! ,communion   
,s]vice 9 ! act ( consci\s incorporation
 into ! fell[%ip ( ! love ( ,jesus1 x   
may be giv5 to u 9 "s measure to und]/& 
^! ?+s1 & to "k t we are become p>tak]s 
9 ! p[] ( a _w-wide crucifixion1 a      
fell[%ip ( brok5 bodies & lives p\r$ out
 9 ,*ri/3 & to "k also--) a k t is n (  
?is _w--t someh[1 9 x & ?r\gh x1 ! ,_s (
 ,,god 9 ,*ri/ w br+ r$emption4  ,s     
wond]ful1 s _m-sid$1 & s full ( mean+ is
 ?is ,sacram5t3 s great is ! measure (  
_! loss :o1 pr(ess+ & call+ !mselves    
,*ri/ians1 are cont5t to ignore ! la/   
injunction ( ! ,*ri/ to ,8 disciples on 
! night be=e ,he di$ t we might live4   
,,*apt] ,x  ,,! ,,la/ ,,?+s   ,x is     
appo9t$ unto m5 once to die1 & aft] dea?
 ! judgm5t4  ,he %all come aga9 9 glory 
to judge bo? ! quick & ! dead1 ^: ,k+dom

 %all h no end4  ,i believe 9 !         
resurrection ( ! body1 & ! life ev]la/+4
  ,jesus ,*ri/ spoke 9 symbolical       
language ( ,8 com+ 9 ! cl\ds ( heav5 z  
,son ( ,man ) p[] & great glory1 &      
decl>$ t ! ,div9e v]dict ^u ! lives &   
de$s ( m5 %\ld be det]m9$ by _!         
relation%ip to ,him & to ,8 ideals4 ,bo?
 9 ! days ( ! ,apo/les1 & = ! mo/ "p    
among succe$+ g5]ations ( ,*ri/ian p d[n
 to ! pres5t "t1 x w\ld seem t a m      
lit]al signification 0 atta*$ to ,8     
words ?an !y w really be>4 ,! tru? ( !  
,div9e ,judgm5t ^u m5's lives nev]!less 
/&s4 ,,god is a great ,judge1 /rong &   
pati5t3 & ,,god is provok$ e day4 ,we   
mu/1 h[ev]1 be c>eful1 9 ?9k+ ( !       
reality ( ,div9e ,judgm5t1 to int]pret !
 ju/ice ( ,,god 9 ! light ( ! ,*ri/ian  
revelation ( ,8 ,love4 ,! attitude (    
,,god t[>ds s9n]s is nev] any?+ b love1 
?\gh a love t is holy & righte\s1 & nev]
 m]ely s5tim5tal4 ,,god z ,*ri/ reveals 
,him c nev] impose or inflict a m]ely   
ext]nal p5alty ^u a s9n]1 o!r ?an !     

supreme p5alty ( be+ simply :at he is1  
viz4 a s\l :o by 8 own delib]ate actions
 has sep>at$ himself f goodness & f     
,,god4 ,x is important 9 ?9k+ ( !       
,judgm5t to rememb] t ! ess5ce ( judgm5t
 is nei!r ! s5t5ce nor ! p5alty3 x is   
simply ! v]dict1 :]eby moral & spiritual
 realities are reveal$1 %ams & disguises
 are /ripp$ (f1 & evil is sep>at$ f     
good4 ,footnote3 ,! associations ( an   
,engli% law-c\rt1 9 :i* ! v]dict is ! "w
 ( ! jury1 are "h mislead+4 ,if our ,"l1
 speak+ 9 p>ables1 decl>$1 ( su* z _h   
neglect$ to d good1 t ^! %all g away    
into et]nal puni%m5t1 a consid]able body
 ( or?odox op9ion 9 ! ,*ri/ian ,*ur* has
 always held t ! puni%m5t 9 "q consi/s  
ess5tially 9 ! p5alty ( loss--! loss (  
goodness & ( ,,god1 ! loss ( capacity = 
! life :i* is life inde$--r ?an 9 any   
imag9$ p5alty ( s5se1 or purposeless    
prolongation ( pa94 ,! imag]y :i* our   
,"l employ$ to describe ! spiritual     
condition kn[n z hell is tak5 f !       
,valley ( ,h9nom1 a rav9e j outside !   

walls ( ,j]usalem1 9 :i* fires 7        
cont9ually ma9ta9$ = ! de/ruction (     
refuse1 & maggots prey$ on (fal4 ,!     
imag]y is suffici5tly t]rible2 b x      
sugge/s ! de/ruction ( wa/e products 9  
,,god',s creation1 r ?an ! prolong$     
torture ( liv+ be+s4 ,x may well be t a 
s\l1 :i* by p]si/5t & delib]ate         
rejection ( e appeal ( ! ,div9e ,love   
ev5 to ! v end--9 ?is life or           
beyond--has become s :olly self-id5tifi$
 ) evil z to be f9ally incapable ( life 
9 ,,god1 passes1 ( necessity1 out (     
s5ti5t exi/5ce altoge!r4 ,we d n "k4    
,:at we d "k is1 9 ! fir/ place1 t      
wick$ness is ( its v nature in/9ct ) !  
et]nal quality ( hell2 &1 9 ! second    
place1 t ,,god is ,love1 & t ,,god      
desire? n ! dea? ( a s9n]1 b r t he may 
turn f 8 wick$ness1 & live4  ,j z ! t]m 
hell expresses ! condition ( a s\l :i*  
by its own act & de$ & delib]ate *oice  
has become :olly self- id5tifi$ ) evil1 
s ! t]m heav5 expresses ! spiritual /ate
 ( ! pure 9 he>t1 to :om x is giv5 to   

see ,,god4 ,s reg>d$1 heav5 is simply ! 
ideal consummation ( progressive        
spiritual advance1 ! p]fect fruition ( t
 beatific vision :i* ! sa9ts ( ,,god    
desir$4 ,x has ev] be5 ! conviction ( ! 
,*ri/ian ,*ur* t h] memb]s are already1 
ev5 9 ?is pres5t life1 made p>tak]s 9 ! 
life ( heav51 j 9 proportion z _!       
affections are set ^u ?+s above & n ^u  
?+s 9 ! e>?4 ,:at is begun "h is cont9u$
 m p]fectly h]eaft]2 b x is unreasonable
 to assume t at ! mom5t ( dea? !        
ultimate fulness ( heav5 is imm$iately  
atta9$4  ,! ,*ur*1 !re=e1 has believ$ 9 
an int]m$iate /ate1 sometimes call$     
,purgatory1 a condition ( progressive   
purification & spiritual gr[?1 *>act]iz$
 at once by a deep5+ p5it5ce = ! s9s &  
failures ( ! pa/1 & by a deep5+ joy 9   
,,god',s m p]fect s]vice4  ,moreov]1    
s9ce ! ,*ri/ian salvation is a social   
salvation1 ^? :o h dep>t$ ?is life 9    
,,god',s fai? & fe> %all n )\t u be made
 p]fect4 ,none c ent] fully into ! joy (
 ! ,"l until ! :ole ( ,,god',s great    

,_w-purpose is accompli%$1 & all are    
ga!r$ 94 ,?is br+s u to ! consid]ation (
 ! ,*ri/ian belief 9 ! ,second ,adv5t & 
! f9al ,k+dom ( ,,god4 ,x has already   
be5 rem>k$ t ! t]ms 9 :i* ?is belief is 
express$ are symbolical & %\ld n be tak5
 lit]ally4 ,j because we ourselves1 "u !
 conditions ( life "h ^u e>?1 are imm]s$
 9 ! /ream ( "t1 ! idea ( an end+ ( !   
,_w-process1 a f9al pass+ ov] ( "t into 
et]nity1 is to u1 9 ! /rict & lit]al    
s5se ( ! words1 un?9kable4 ,only "u ! =m
 ( imag]y & symbol is x 9 ! nature ( ?+s
 possible = ! idea ( ! la/ great ,drama 
to be express$1 or r1 sugge/$3 x is     
impossible = our m9ds to grasp1 9 any m 
exact or effectual mann]1 ! ,reality :i*
 ! imag]y is meant to symbolize4 ,x may 
be t ! ev5t express$ by ! dramatic      
picture ( ! ,second ,adv5t ( ! ,*ri/ is 
simply ! revelation ( ! fact ( ,8       
,et]nal ,pres5ce at once z ,savi\r & z  
,judge2 h[ev] ?is may be1 ! picture /&s 
= ! assurance ( ,8 f9al triumph1 & !    
v9dication ( ,8 ,k+dom 9 its fulness3 & 

z su* x is ! object ( ,*ri/ian          
hope--,hall[$ be ,?y ,"n2 ,?y ,k+dom    
come2 ,?y w be done2 9 e>?1 z x is 9    
,heav54  ,if we ask :at is ! positive   
nature ( ! ,*ri/ian hope & :at ! f9al "*
 ( ! life ( heav51 ! answ] is t we _c   
fully say1 t we "k only 9 "p1 we see    
obscurely1 z 9 a mirror4 ,9 hymn &      
ec/asy & vision m5 h s\ght to f9d       
expression = ! sub/ance ( ?+s hop$ =1 & 
!y h fail$4 ,eye ha? n se5 nor e> he>d1 
nei!r ha? x ent]$ into ! he>t ( man to  
conceive1 ! ?+s t ,,god ha? prep>$ = !m 
t love ,him4 ,! ,book ( ! ,revelation   
essays to pa9t a picture ( ! heav5ly    
/ate1 & = ! mo/ "p succe$s 9 sett+ be=e 
our m9ds a noble imag]y2 b 9 ! end its  
language is mo/ conv9c+ :5 x tells u :at
 heav5 is n4 ,!y %all hung] no m1 nei!r 
?ir/ any m1 nei!r %all ! sun light on   
!m1 nor any heat4 ,& ,,god %all wipe    
away all te>s f _! eyes4 ,negatives &   
contra/s--! picture ( a /ate ( ?+s      
contra/$ ) all t 9 ! _w z we "k x is    
amiss2 we _c positively envisage heav54 

,only we believe t !re rema9e? a re/ = !
 p ( ,,god1 :]e nev]!less !y re/ n day  
or night f ,8 p]fect s]vice4 ,belov$1 n[
 are we sons ( ,,god1 & x do? n yet     
appe> :at we %all be3 b we "k t :5 ,he  
%all appe> we %all be l ,him3 = we %all 
see ,him z ,he is4  ,"h ?is *apt] might 
end3 b ) reg>d to ! nature ( ! ,*ri/ian 
conception ( ! life ( ! _w to come !re  
is some?+ m to be said3 = ! ,*ur*'s cre$
 conta9s ! ass]tion ( a belief 9 !      
,resurrection ( ! ,body1 or ev51 9 !    
,lat9 =m ( ! ,apo/les' ,cre$1 & 9 !     
translation :i* appe>s 9 ! ,pray]-book  
,s]vice = ,baptism1 9 ! ,resurrection ( 
! ,fle%4 ,! pla9 man may be tempt$1     
bru%+ aside su* a doctr9e 9 its pla9 &  
lit]al acceptation z a manife/          
impossibility1 ei!r to hold alo( f a    
,*ur* :i* reta9s su* an affirmation 9 h]
 cre$1 or else to conclude ha/ily t !   
words are meant only z a picturesque way
 ( express+ a belief 9 ! immortality ( !
 s\l4 ,ei!r attitude w\ld be a mi/ake4  
,x is true t a lit]al resuscitation (   

,*ri/ian corpses on "s future ,day (    
,resurrection w\ld be nei!r possible nor
 desirable4 ,nev]!less ! ,*ri/ian       
doctr9e ( ! life to come involves m ?an 
a b>e ass]tion ( ! immortality ( ! s\l4 
,! body is ! embodim5t or vehicle ( !   
_s2 ! _s disembodi$ w\ld be a m]e wrai?1
 a phantasm ( ! liv+ man4 ,! life ( ! _w
 to come is n unreal or %ad[y z comp>$ )
 ! concrete reality ( ! life ( e>?3 x is
 a life ri*] & full]1 m concrete & m    
glori\s ?an ! life ( e>?4 ,! ,*ur* by h]
 doctr9e ( ! ,resurrection means to     
affirm t ! full reality ( t :i* made !  
liv+ man :at he 0 is c>ri$ ov] into !   
life beyond4 ,! buri$ corpse is n ! body
 t %all be4 ,!re is a natural body1 &   
!re is a spiritual body4 ,z to ! nature 
( ! future embodim5t ( ! _s 9 ! life    
beyond ! grave we are ignorant4 ,,god   
give? x a body z x ha? pleas$ ,him1 & to
 ea* se$ a body ( its own4 ,b we believe
 t ! de$s done 9 ! body "h ^u e>? :ile  
we are yet tab]nacl+ 9 ! fle% necess>ily
 affect & det]m9e ! "* ( ! spiritual    

embodim5t :i* %all be ours h]eaft]4 ,=  
?is reason we hold our bodies sacr$1 z  
be+ temples ( ! ,holy ,gho/4 ,! body is 
n = =nication1 b = ! ,"l2 & ! ,"l = !   
body4 ,*ri/ianity c h no?+ to d ) !     
notion t ! defilem5t ( ! body is )\t    
effect 9 ! pollution ( ! s\l4           
,,note4-,= a full] treatm5t ( ! subjects
 ( ! ,second ,adv5t & ! ,resurrection ( 
! ,body ! writ] may be all[$ to ref] to 
,*apt]s ,,iii4 & ,,iv4 9 8 book1 ,dogma1
 fact & ,exp]i5ce 7,macmillan  ,co41    
#aiae74     ,,*apt] ,,xi  ,,cl]gy ,,&   
,,laity   ,! cl]gy are n ! ,*ur*4 ,!y   
are a specializ$ class )9 x4 ,!y are m5 
:o believe !mselves to be call$ by ,,god
 to give !mselves = life to ! p>ticul>  
"w ( c>+ directly = ! spiritual int]e/s 
( _! fell[s4 ,to ?is end !y are set ap>t
 by ord9ation4 ,!y hold ! commission &  
au?orization ( ! ,*ur* to m9i/] ! ,^w & 
,sacram5ts ( ! ,gospel 9 ! "n ( ,*ri/ & 
( ! ,bro!rhood4 ,_! task is high &      
difficult4 ,x is n wond]ful if !y fail4 
,b solemn pray] is (f]$ = !m at _!      

ord9ation3 & ! answ] to ! ,*ur*'s pray]s
 is accord+ to ! measure ( ! ,*ur*'s    
fai?4  ,! hi/orical or ,ca?olic sy/em ( 
m9i/ry 9 ! ,*ur* consi/s ( a hi]>*y 9   
?ree ord]s or gradations4 ,to ! ord] (  
,bi%ops belongs ov]sight or             
pa/orate-9-*ief4 ,x is n ! bus9ess ( a  
,bi%op to be prelatical1 or to "l x ov] 
,,god',s h]itage1 b to be ! s]vant ( !  
s]vants ( ,,god4 ,a ,bi%op is consecrat$
 to 8 (fice by n less ?an ?ree ( ^? :o  
are already ,bi%ops4 ,he ex]cises all ! 
functions ( ! ,*ri/ian m9i/ry1 includ+  
^? ( confirmation & ord9ation & ! "r to 
take "p 9 episcopal consecrations4      
,prie/s & deacons are a ,bi%op's        
delegates = c]ta9 purposes4 ,a prie/ may
 h *>ge ( a p>i% or subdivision ( a     
diocese1 & is compet5t to celebrate !   
,eu*>i/1 to bless1 to baptize1 & to     
absolve4 ,he is also au?oriz$ to prea*1 
& to give in/ruction 9 ,*ri/ian doctr9e4
 ,he may n confirm or orda9 ap>t f !    
,bi%op1 ?\gh he may co-op]ate ) ! latt] 
9 ord9ations to ! prie/hood4 ,he is     

orda9$ to 8 m9i/ry by ! ,bi%op act+ 9   
conjunction ) c]ta9 repres5tatives ( !  
prie/hood :o take "p ) him 9 ! lay+ on (
 h&s4  ,deacons are subord9ate m9i/]s   
appo9t$ to assi/ p>i% prie/s 9 ! "w (   
p>o*ial visit+ & also1 )9 c]ta9 limits1 
9 ! conduct ( ,div9e wor%ip & !         
adm9i/ration ( ! sacram5ts4 ,!y may read
 p>ts ( ! s]vice1 b h no au?ority to    
bless or to absolve4 ,!y may prea* by   
express & specific lic5se f ! ,bi%op4   
,!y may n celebrate ! ,eu*>i/1 b may    
assi/ ! prie/ :o does s by read+ !      
,gospel & adm9i/]+ ! *alice4 ,!y are    
orda9$ to _! (fice by ! ,bi%op1 & 9 mo/ 
cases1 ?\gh n inv>iably1 proce$         
subsequ5tly to ! prie/hood4 ,footnote3  
,9 ! abs5ce ( a ,bi%op or prie/1 a      
deacon is compet5t to baptize4 ,9 !     
abs5ce ( any ( ! cl]gy ,baptism may     
also1 9 cases ( urg5cy1 be adm9i/]$ by a
 layman1 & 9 ! abs5ce ( a man1 by a     
woman4  ,! pr9ciples :i* und]lie ?is    
sy/em ( ,ca?olic ord] 9 ! ,*ur* are     
important4 ,! devolution ( au?ority to  

m9i/] ?r\gh ! episcopate safegu>ds !    
cont9uity ( ! ,*ur*'s corporate life &  
tradition1 & secures t m9i/]ial         
functions %all be ex]cis$ 9 ! "n & by ! 
au?ority ( ! ,*ri/ian ,society z a :ole4
 ,moreov] ?r\gh ! ord]$ succession ( !  
,bi%ops ! tradition ( m9i/]ial au?ority 
is c>ri$ back c]ta9ly to sub- apo/olic1 
& p]haps also actually to apo/olic1     
times3 x repres5ts 9 pr9ciple ,*ri/'s   
commission to ,8 ,apo/les--,z ! ,fa!r   
ha? s5t ,me1 ev5 s s5d ,i y4  ,at ! same
 "t x is important t ! doctr9e ( !      
m9i/ry %\ld n be all[$ to become        
sac]dotali/ 9 a wrong s5se4 ,! ,*ri/ian 
prie/hood is n 9 possession ( any       
magical or exclusive p[]s4 ,! ess5ce (  
prie/hood is ! d$ication ( life z a :ole
 to ! s]vice ( ,,god on behalf ( o!rs3 &
 9 ?is s5se e ,*ri/ian man is meant 9 8 
ord9>y daily life & bus9ess to be a     
prie/ ( ,,god & a s]vant ( 8 bre?r54    
,:at ! ,*ur* to-day ne$s mo/ *iefly is a
 body ( laym5 :o w take s]i\sly _!      
vocation4 ,a layman is n a ,*ri/ian (   

inf]ior type1 on ^: behalf ! cl]gy are  
expect$ to display a vic>i\s            
spirituality3 he is simply an unorda9$  
memb] ( ! p ( ,,god4 ,! hope ( ! future 
is t laym5 %\ld d _! "p1 n m]ely by     
support+ ! ef=ts ( ! cl]gy1 b by ex]cis+
 _! own prop] functions z liv+ memb]s ( 
,*ri/4 ,! ,*ur*--& especially ! ,*ur* ( 
,engl&--is 9 vital ne$ ( re=m4 ,!       
rec5tly laun*$ ,life & ,lib]ty ,movem5t 
is a hopeful sign ( ! det]m9ation ( a   
c]ta9 numb] ( cl]gy & laity t re=m %all 
be secur$4 ,9 p>ticul> x is ess5tial t !
 ,*ur* %\ld recov] fre$om (             
self-gov]nm5t 9 spiritual ?+s1 & lib]ty 
to adapt h] ma*9]y & organization to    
*ang+ ne$s1 by ! readju/m5t ( h]        
relation t[>ds ! ,/ate4 ,?is may or may 
n involve dise/abli%m5t1 & dise/abli%m5t
 9 turn1 if x %\ld take place1 ne$ n    
necess>ily involve1 b 9 practice w\ld   
probably involve1 "s measure ( p>tial   
dis5d[m5t4 ,! ,*ur* mu/ be prep>$ = all 
ev5tualities1 & mu/ be ready1 %\ld      
necessity arise1 to take *e]fully !     

spoil+ ( h] goods4 ,= lib]ty is ess5tial
 at all co/s4  ,9 ! movem5t = ,life &   
,lib]ty1 z 9 e o!r dep>tm5t ( h] "w1 !  
,*ur* ne$s ! co-op]ation ( h] laity4 ,x 
is _! duty bo? to be in=m$ 9            
ecclesia/ical affairs1 & to make _!     
voices he>d4 ,x is "p ( ! programme (   
,*ur* re=m]s to give ! laity1 ?r\gh     
elect$ repres5tatives1 a m effective    
voice 9 ,*ur* affairs4 ,! adm9i/ration (
 f9ance & ! rais+ ( funds = "w bo? at   
home & abroad is m p>ticul>ly _!        
prov9ce1 b !re is no s+le dep>tm5t (    
,*ur* affairs 9 :i* ! layman ought n to 
h 8 %>e1 ?\gh no d\bt ! ,bi%ops 9 virtue
 ( _! (fice h a special responsibility 9
 matt]s ( doctr9e4 ,c]ta9ly !re is ne$ (
 a mu* great] ext5sion ( lay prea*+1 & a
 fre] recognition ( ! capacity ( _m     
laym5 to lead ! wor%ip & int]cessions ( 
_! bre?r54 ,! adm9i/ration ( !          
sacram5ts1 ) ! p>tial exception (       
baptism1 is res]v$ = ^? to :om x is     
committ$3 b ?is ne$ n & does n apply to 
! m9i/ries ( prea*+ & ( pray]4  ,cl]ical

 autocracy1 :]e x exi/s1 ought          
resolutely & firmly to be brok5 d[n4 ,x 
has to be admitt$ t betwe5 cl]gy & laity
 at pres5t !re is a regrettable &       
widespread cleavage4 ,! cl]gy are widely
 criticiz$1 & x is c]ta9 t !y h _m      
faults4 ,"o :o belongs to _! numb] _c   
help be+ consci\s ( "s at lea/ ( !      
fail+s bo? ( himself & ( 8 class4 ,b !  
faults are n all ^u "o side4 ,x may be  
suspect$ t ^? :o criticize ! cl]gy ) !  
greate/ fre$om are n always ^? :o pray =
 !m mo/ e>ne/ly4 ,to affirm t ! laity   
get1 ^u ! :ole1 ! cl]gy !y des]ve w\ld  
be too h>d a say+3 b x is sometimes     
=gott5 t ! cl]gy are recruit$ f ! ranks 
( ! laity1 & t1 :5 n dehumaniz$ by an   
undue pr(essionalism ( outlook1 !y are  
human4 ,_m ( !m w\ld be frankly grateful
 = fri5dly co-op]ation & criticism on ! 
"p ( ! lay memb]s ( _! flocks4 ,"o ( !  
difficulties ab\t prea*+ is t ! cl]gy 9 
_m in/ances d n really "k :at is 9 !    
layman's m9d4 ,! life ( ! ,*ur* 9 ,engl&
 w n proce$ along heal?y l9es until !re 

is great] mutual c&\r betwe5 laym5 &    
cl]gy4 ,at pres5t laym5 w n talk freely 
ab\t matt]s ( religion 9 ! pres5ce ( !  
cl]gy because !y imag9e 7(t5 q wrongly7 
t ! latt] w\ld be %ock$4 ,x sometimes   
happ5s conv]sely t ! cl]gy hesitate to  
express _! real m9ds = fe> t laym5 w\ld 
be %ock$4 ,?is attitude ( mutual res]ve 
is hopeless4 ,no ,*ri/ian1 lay or       
cl]ical1 has any bus9ess to be %ock$ at 
any expression ( op9ion :atev]1 or?odox 
or unor?odox1 :e!r 9 fai? or 9 morals4  
,ei!r side may disagree ) ! o!r2 b ei!r 
ought to be prep>$ to li/5 to :at ! o!r 
has to say4     ,,*apt] ,,xii  ,,!      
,,bible   ,! ,bible is ! sacr$ ,book (  
,*ri/ianity1 z ! ,koran is ! sacr$ ,book
 ( ,mohamm$anism2 ) ?is diff]5ce1 h[ev]1
 t ,*ri/ianity1 z ! religion ( ! ,_s1 c 
nev] be1 l ,mohamm$anism1 a religion ( !
 ,book1 any m ?an x c be1 l anci5t      
,judaism1 a religion ( ! ,law4 ,!       
,biblical writ+s include two ma9        
collections ( books1 kn[n z ! ,old      
,te/am5t & ! ,new ,te/am5t respectively1

 ( :i* ! latt] alone is di/9ctively     
,*ri/ian4 ,int]m$iate betwe5 ! two      
,te/am5ts 9 po9t ( date are ! writ+s    
kn[n z ! ,apocrypha1 :i* ?\gh inf]ior1 =
 ! mo/ "p1 9 spiritual value to ! fully 
canonical books1 & frequ5tly omitt$ f   
pr9t$ editions ( ! ,bible1 are reg>d$ by
 ! ,*ur* z canonical 9 a second>y s5se4 
,! v>i\s books ( ! ,bible orig9ally     
became canonical1 t is1 7 includ$ 9 !   
canon or collection ( sacr$ writ+s1 on !
 gr\nd t !y 7 read al\d or recit$ 9 !   
c\rse ( ,div9e wor%ip4 ,! ,old ,te/am5t 
canon comprises ! books cu/om>ily read  
al\d 9 ! ,jewi% synagogue1 toge!r )     
c]ta9 o!r writ+s associat$ ) !m4 ,!     
books ( ! ,new ,te/am5t are a simil>    
collection ( e>ly ,*ri/ian writ+s :i* 7 
read side by side ) ! ,old ,te/am5t 9   
,*ri/ian wor%ip4 ,! selection ( ^!      
p>ticul> writ+s = ! purpose 0 det]m9$ 9 
"p by ! ,*ur*'s recognition ( _!        
spiritual value & 9 "p by ! reg>d :i* 0 
paid by ! ,*ri/ian community to !       
religi\s au?ority ( ^? by :om !y 7      

believ$ to h be5 writt54  ,speak+       
g5]ally1 we may say t ! ,old ,te/am5t is
 ! religi\s lit]ature ( ,judaism4 ,x is 
! lit]>y deposit ( ! spiritual life ( a 
nation1 ! writt5 record & monum5t ( a   
progressive process ( religi\s          
developm5t4 ,x beg9s at ! level (       
folklore & primitive tribal cults1 su* z
 are portray$ or reflect$1 = example1 9 
p>ts ( ! ,p5tateu* & 9 ! ,books (       
,judges & ,samuel4 ,x culm9ates1 9 !    
utt]ances ( ! greate/ ( ! prophets & 9  
_m ( ! ,psalms1 at ! highe/ levels (    
religi\s atta9m5t :i* are discov]able   
any:]e 9 hi/ory prior to ! com+ ( our   
,"l4  ,! ,old ,te/am5t w always h a     
value = ,*ri/ianity3 9 "p because _m ( !
 religi\s lessons :i* x conveys c nev]  
be sup]s$$ ev5 by ,*ri/ianity itself3 9 
"p because ! /udy ( x provides ! g5]al k
 ( ,judaism1 & ( ,jewi% in/itutions &   
modes ( ?\ght1 :i* is necess>y = ! prop]
 und]/&+ ( ! religi\s backgr\nd ( !     
,gospels1 & ( mu* else 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t
 z well3 9 "p also because ! two        

revelations--! ,jewi% & ! ,*ri/ian--hang
 toge!r1 int]lock+ ) "o ano!r z         
anticipation & fulfilm5t1 9 a mann] :i* 
is s+ul>ly impressive4  ,! v>i\s books (
 ! ,old ,te/am5t1 nev]!less1 require to 
be read by ,*ri/ians ) discrim9ation1 & 
) a cle> realization ( _! ,jewi% "*4    
,!re is mu* 9 ! ,old ,te/am5t z x /&s   
:i* is liable to mislead ! simple &     
cause ne$less difficulty4 ,!re are1     
moreov]1 num]\s passages1 & n a few     
entire books1 :i* except 9 ! light (    
hi/orical criticism & s*ol>ly guidance  
are n really intelligible4 ,b ! /udy ( !
 ,old ,te/am5t z re9t]pret$ 9 our own   
g5]ation by rese>* & s*ol>%ip is a      
fasc9at+ subject4 ,x requires little 9 !
 way ( te*nical equipm5t1 & !re is no   
reason 9 ! _w :y x %\ld be monopoliz$ by
 speciali/s4 ,to h ev5 ! mo/ g5]al      
acqua9tance ) ! me?ods & results (      
critical /udy br+s ) x a great          
trans=mation ( outlook4 ,! ,old ,te/am5t
 writ]s come to life aga9 wond]fully :5 
!y are set 9 _! prop] hi/orical context1

 & ! result is a cle> ga9 9 spiritual   
values4 ,! be/ g5]al introduction to !  
:ole subject is ,dr4 ,w4 ,b4 ,selbie's  
book1 ,! ,nature & ,message ( ! ,bible  
7,/ud5t ,*ri/ian ,movem5t1 #cs4 #f;d474 
,canon ,nairne's volume1 ,! ,fai? ( !   
,old ,te/am5t 7,layman's ,libr>y1       
,longmans1 #bs4 #f;d47 is an illum9at+  
survey design$ specially to br+ out !   
religi\s value ( ! ,old ,te/am5t1       
,footnote3 ,^? :o may desire a m detail$
 & compreh5sive treatm5t ( ! lit]>y     
problems ( ! ,old ,te/am5t %\ld consult 
,g4 ,b4 ,gray1 ,a ,critical             
,introduction to ! ,lit]ature ( ! ,old  
,te/am5t 7,duckwor?1 #bs4 #f;d474 & =   
comm5t>ies ^u individual books ,!       
,c5tury ,bible 7,t4 ,c4 & ,e4 ,c4 ,jack1
 #cs4 ea* volume7 is to be recomm5d$4   
,! books ( ! ,new ,te/am5t are !        
classical lit]ature ( ,*ri/ianity 9 a   
mu* full] & m obvi\s s5se4 ,"h1 aga91   
!re is mu* t ap>t f ! use ( a good      
comm5t>y w be f\nd h>dly intelligible3 b
 ! great] "p ( ! ,new ,te/am5t1 &       

especially ! ,gospels1 c be read ) pr(it
 by ! ord9>y man ap>t f any extrane\s   
aids4 ,x is well to rememb] t ,s4       
,paul's ,epi/les 7 writt5 at an e>li]   
date ?an any ( ! ,gospels1 & t !y       
repres5t ! occasional correspond5ce ( a 
h>d-work$ mission>y4 ,( ! ,gospels !    
fir/ ?ree h mu* 9 common1 & ! ,gospels (
 ,s4 ,mat!w & ,s4 ,luke are bas$ p>tly  
^u t ( ,s4 ,m>k4 ,s4 ,m>k is said to h  
be5 ! companion ( ,s4 ,pet]1 & is       
probably ! au?or ( ! ,gospel :i* be>s 8 
"n4 ,x may be tak5 to repres5t 8        
rem9isc5ces ( ,s4 ,pet]'s prea*+4 ,!    
,gospel n[ kn[n z t accord+ to ,s4      
,mat!w appe>s to be ! "w ( a compil] :o 
fitt$ into ! framework ( ,s4 ,m>k's /ory
 a consid]able am\nt ( additional matt]1
 drawn *iefly f a collection ( say+s (  
,jesus :i* an e>ly ,*ri/ian writ]       
decl>es to h be5 made by ,s4 ,mat!w 9   
,aramaic4 ,s4 ,mat!w's "n1 x is ?\ght1 0
 subsequ5tly atta*$ to ! result+        
docum5t1 s9ce x conta9$ a l>ge          
prepond]ance ( mat]ial d]iv$ f 8 book on

 our ,"l's say+s4 ,! "n ( ! actual      
compil] ( ! fir/ ,gospel has n surviv$4 
,s4 ,luke's ,gospel is a compilation    
made ^u some:at simil> l9es1 & is bas$1 
9 l>ge measure1 ^u ! same two s\rces3 b 
! au?or's rese>*es ext5d$ also m widely1
 & 8 ,gospel conta9s a l>ge proportion (
 matt] peculi> to itself1 :i* critics   
commonly reg>d z be+ ( high hi/orical   
value4 ,! au?or ( ! book 0 a ,greek     
doctor :o att5d$ ^u ,s4 ,paul1          
accompany+ ! latt] 9 8 travels1 & writ+ 
! ,acts ( ! ,apo/les z a second volume 9
 cont9uation ( 8 ,gospel4 ,! ,acts is   
p>tly bas$ ^u a k9d ( di>y :i* ,s4 ,luke
 kept ( 8 exp]i5ces z ,s4 ,paul's       
companion & physician4  ,x is probable t
 bo? ! fir/ & ! ?ird ( our f\r ,gospels 
7 9 exi/5ce %ortly be=e1 or at ! late/ v
 %ortly aft]1 ! de/ruction ( ,j]usalem  
by ! ,romans 9 ! ye> #gj ,a4,d4 ,!      
second ,gospel1 s9ce !y bo? drew ^u x1  
mu/ be ev5 e>li]4  ,! ,gospel accord+ to
 ,s4 ,john is ( a some:at lat] date1 &  
be>s a diff]5t "*4 ,x is reflective &   

m$itative1 & is p5etrat$ ?r\gh\t by a   
my/ical symbolism4 ,9 _m ways x sugge/s 
r a spiritual int]pretation ( !         
significance ( ,jesus ?an a lit]al      
portrait ( ,him4 ,aga91 x is ! product (
 a ,greek r ?an ( a ,jewi% atmosph]e1   
?\gh its n>rative pres5ts s _m t\*es (  
extraord9>y vividness1 & ! au?or %[s s  
exact a k ( ,jewi% in/itutions &        
conditions ( life 9 ,pale/9e1 t x is    
difficult n to ?9k t ! book mu/ h be5   
writt5 by a ,jew :o knew ,judaism be=e  
its d[nfall4 ,x is suppos$ t ! writ+    
dates f ! clos+ ye>s ( ! fir/ c5tury1 & 
tradition decl>es t ! au?or 0 ,s4 ,john 
9 old age at ,ephesus4 ,?is /atem5t is1 
h[ev]1 9 dispute1 & ! au?or%ip ( !      
,gospel is unc]ta94 ,9 po9t ( fact1 x   
does n matt] :o ! writ] 04 ,!re is no "o
 ( ! int]pret]s ( ,jesus :o _h drunk m  
deeply ( ,8 ,_s ?an _h he3 nor is !re   
any ( ! books ( ! ,new ,te/am5t :i* br+s
 ,jesus clos] to u ?an ! ,gospel accord+
 to ,s4 ,john1 or speaks home ) great]  
p[] to ! he>t & affections ( ! simple/  

,*ri/ian4     ,,"p ,,ii  ,,! ,,practice 
,,( ,,! ,,*ri/ian ,,religion   ,,*apt]  
,i  ,,! ,,*ri/ian ,,aim   ,*ri/ianity 9 
practice means ! d$ication ( life to !  
unselfi% s]vice ( ,,god & man1 9 ! light
 ( ! ideals ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 & 9 ! p[] ( 
an inw>d spiritual life :i* is hid )    
,*ri/ 9 ,,god4 ,! ,*ri/ian1 r5\nc+ su*  
m]ely worldly ideals z self- advancem5t1
 p]sonal or family ambition1 !          
accumulation ( money1 or ! enjoym5t1 =  
_! own sake1 ( ! ?+s :i* money c buy1 is
 call$ to seek fir/ & 9 all ?+s ,,god',s
 ,k+dom & ,8 righte\sness1 9 ! assurance
 t :atev] may be really necess>y = !    
advancem5t ( ?is aim w 9 due c\rse be   
add$ unto him4  ,he is n to expect to   
f9d ! practice ( 8 religion to be1 9 a  
worldly s5se1 pr(itable2 & ! practice ( 
8 religion is to cov] ! :ole ( life4 ,! 
desp]ate attempt to comb9e ! s]vice (   
,,god ) t ( ,mammon is !re=e to be      
ab&on$4 ,if ri*es increase1 he is n to  
set 8 he>t ^u !m4 ,if pov]ty be 8 lot1  
he is to embrace pov]ty z a bride4 ,!   

aim & object ( 8 life is n to be to get 
8 own w done1 b to discov] :at = him is 
! w ( ,,god1 & to d x4 ,he is to be !   
slave ( ,,god 9 ,*ri/1 a liv+ in/rum5t 9
 ! h&s ( ,ano!r1 call$ to co-op]ate 9 a 
purpose n 8 own1 ?\gh a purpose :i* he  
is to embrace1 & to make 8 own1 9 a _s (
 loyal son%ip4  ,?is means1 among o!r   
?+s1 t life is to be int]pret$ 9 t]ms ( 
vocation4 ,x means t = e man !re is a   
call+1 a p>ticul> l9e ( life :i* ,,god  
int5ds him to foll[1 a specific piece ( 
s]vice to ,,god & to 8 neighb\r :i* he  
is call$ ^u to r5d]4 ,! motto ( a       
,*ri/ian's life is to be ! motto ( 8    
,ma/]--,my meat is to d ! w ( ,him t s5t
 ,me1 & to accompli% ,8 "w4 ,gifts &    
capacities1 aptitudes = any special "w1 
are !re=e tal5ts1 to be us$ 9 accordance
 ) ! w & purpose ( ! ,giv]4             
,opportunities & end[m5ts1 :atsoev] !y  
may be1 are opportunities & end[m5ts =  
s]vice4  ,x does n necess>ily foll[ f   
?is t a realization ( ! tru? (          
,*ri/ianity1 & an awak5+ to ! claims (  

religion1 w lead to any outw>d *ange or 
radical alt]ation 9 ! g5]al conception (
 a man's life-"w4 ,x may or x may n d s4
 ,!re are indubitably cases 9 :i* a man 
is call$ ^u to ab&on 8 previ\s c>e]--to 
=sake prospects1 h[ev] promis+1 or to   
r5\nce weal? & possessions1 h[ev]       
entangl+--9 ord] to become 7= example7 a
 m9i/] ( ! ,*ur* or a mission>y ( !     
,gospel1 or to ent] a religi\s ord]4    
,our ,"l's comm& to ! ri* "y rul]1 t he 
%\ld give up all t he _h1 9 ord] to     
foll[ ,*ri/ along ! pa?s ( homelessness 
& pov]ty1 is a call :i* s\nds /ill ) a  
lit]al =ce 9 ! e>s ( a c]ta9 numb] ( ,8 
disciples4 ,! inn] _s1 moreov]1 (       
deta*m5t f ! _w & f ! ?+s ( ! _w1 !     
read9ess to ab&on weal? & worldly       
position if ne$ s require1 & ! refusal  
to be ensn>$ by !m1 are 9 any case dem&$
 ( all4 ,! vocation1 h[ev]1 ( ! majority
 ( m5 is already det]m9$ by _!          
circum/ances1 or by _! tra9+ & g5]al    
aptitudes4 ,x is only ! few1            
comp>atively speak+1 :o are call$ to    

become monks or mission>ies1 or prie/s  
devoid ( prospects4 ,! majority w be/   
s]ve ,,god & _! neighb\r by c>ry+ on 9  
_! exi/+ occupations3 & 9 mo/ cases !y  
are incid5tally call$ also1 soon] or    
lat]1 to matrimony4  ,b ,,god calls no  
man to idl5ess4 ,x is ! duty ( e        
,*ri/ian1 ri* z well z poor1 unless he  
be incapacitat$ by bodily sickness or   
infirmity1 to be engag$ 9 "s "w ( g5]al 
s]vice to ! community3 & a man :o       
proposes s]i\sly to practise ! ,*ri/ian 
religion ne$s to ask himself1 ) reg>d to
 ! "w or occupation 9 :i* he is engag$1 
or by :i* he e>ns 8 bread1 :e!r he c say
 truly t he believes x to be ! "w :i* 8 
,fa!r has giv5 him to d3 :e!r x c be    
int]pret$1 n simply z a means (         
livelihood1 b z a s]vice r5d]$ 9 ,*ri/'s
 "n to society at l>ge4 ,if x _c s be   
int]pret$1 !n pla9ly x is no "w :i* a   
,*ri/ian %\ld be do+4 ,!re are ways (   
mak+ a liv+ :i*1 are def9itely          
un*ri/ian4 ,! "w ( a %oe-black or ( a   
tradesman or ( an actor may be z true a 

piece ( ,*ri/ian s]vice z t ( a doctor  
or a bi%op4 ,! "w ( a burgl> or ( a     
bookmak] c\ld n be s reg>d$4            
,*ri/ianity--x _c be too /rongly        
insi/$--means ! ,*ri/ianization ( life z
 a :ole4 ,x is 9 ! daily r\nd & ! common
 task t ,*ri/ is mo/ *iefly to be s]v$4 
,:atsoev] ye d 9 ^w or 9 de$1 d all 9 ! 
"n ( ! ,"l ,jesus1 giv+ ?anks to ,,god &
 ! ,fa!r by ,him4 ,religion is a wid] ?+
 ?an piety1 & x is a false pietism :i*  
w\ld reg>d x z consi/+ ma9ly ( pi\s     
practices4 ,! cultivation ( ! inn]      
spiritual life by means ( ! practices ( 
,*ri/ian devotion is inde$ ess5tial 9   
its place & its degree4 ,! life ( ! _s  
langui%es if x is n f$4 ,b except ^! ?+s
 issue 9 ! practical s]vice ( ,*ri/ 9   
daily life !y are worse ?an futile4 ,!y 
deg5]ate ei!r into =malism & hypocrisy1 
or into spiritual self- indulg5ce4 ,h]e9
 is ,my ,fa!r glorifi$1 t ye be> mu*    
fruit4 ,by _! fruits ye %all "k !m4 ,& !
 fruits ( ,*ri/ian liv+ are to be       
discov]$1 n 9 ! h\rs sp5t 9 devotion1 b 

9 ! manife/ation amid ! activities ( !  
m>ket-place ( t temp] ( righte\sness &  
peace & joy 9 ! ,holy ,gho/1 & t _s (   
unselfi% s]vice1 :i* %\ld be _! normal  
product4  ,:at is ne$$ is a wid]        
conception ( ,*ur*man%ip & a tru]       
doctr9e ( vocation4 ,all hone/ "w 9 :i* 
a ,*ri/ian c lawfully engage %\ld be    
reg>d$ z an expression ( 8              
,*ur*man%ip--z truly "w done = ! ,*ur* (
 ,,god 9 ob$i5ce to a vocation f on high
 z is ! "w ( a prie/ or a tea*] (       
religion4 ,x is at lea/ p>tly because ! 
majority ( laym5 d n s int]pret _! "w 9 
life t 9 s _m cases !y are discov]$ to  
be 9 effect liv+ = ! sake ( _! leisure &
 reg>d+ _! daily "w z un9t]e/+ drudg]y1 
) ! result t life z a :ole comes to be =
 !m dre>y & pr(itless & /ale4 ,a        
,*ri/ian man's life-"w ought n to h ! "*
 ( drudg]y1 b ( %e] delight 9 ,,god',s  
s]vice4  ,b is su* an ideal really      
practicable8 ,x is lit]ally practicable 
to a great] ext5t ?an mo/ m5 ?9k4 ,x    
ought to be practicable univ]sally4 ,at 

! same "t !re is no disguis+ ! fact t   
l>ge numb]s ( m5 to-day f9d !mselves 9  
circum/ances to :i* su* a doctr9e _c )\t
 palpable unreality be appli$4 ,!       
/ructure ( exi/+ society "u mod]n       
indu/rial conditions =ces multitudes1 by
 an evil economic pressure1 into        
me*anical1 uncong5ial1 & s\l-de/roy+    
occupations3 & ! conditions ( "s m5's   
lab\r 9 ! _w z x is are su* t x w\ld be 
%e] blasphemy to reg>d !m z a product ( 
! w ( ,,god4 ,! problem ( !             
,*ri/ianization ( ! social ord] is "o ( 
! greate/ ( ! tasks confront+ ! ,*ri/ian
 ,*ur*4 ,its solution has h>dly yet     
begun to be attempt$4 ,9 ! meantime !   
mass ( ,*ri/ian p1 9 virtue ( _!        
acquiesc5ce1 are accomplices 9 ! d5ial  
to ! dis9h]it$ classes ( ! conditions & 
opportunities :i* make life wor? liv+ = 
!mselves4 ,s long z x cont9ues to be    
possible = a man :o g5u9ely desires to  
le>n & lab\r truly to get 8 own liv+ to 
/>ve 9 ! mid/ ( pl5ty3 s long z         
multitudes are con/ra9$ to "w "u        

conditions :i* rob _! lab\r ( all       
int]e/1 ( all idealism1 & ( all hope3 s 
long z sweat+1 & de/itution1 & su*      
conditions ( life z obta9 9 ! m d5sely  
cr[d$ areas ( our great t[ns cont9ue to 
exi/3 s long w x be ! duty ( e ,*ri/ian 
to be a social re=m]1 & to h a consci5ce
 p]man5tly tr\bl$ ) reg>d to weal? &    
social advantage4 ,footnote3 ,mr4       
,george ,lansbury's ,y\r ,"p 9 ,pov]ty  
7,george ,ali5 & ,unw91 ,ltd41 ,is47 is 
a book wor? read+ 9 ?is p>ticul>        
connexion4  ,mean:ile ! ,*ri/ian ideal (
 life /&s4 ,x is ! ideal ( consecration 
to s]vice4 ,x means disciple%ip 9       
,*ri/'s s*ool ( unselfi%ness1 bo?       
individual & corporate3 = !re is a      
selfi%ness ( ! family1 ( ! class1 or ( !
 nation1 :i* be>s z bitt] fruit 9 ! _w z
 does ! selfi%ness ( ! individual4      
,*ri/ianity1 9 a ^w1 means ! c>ry+ out  
into daily practice ( ! ideal ( !       
,imitatio ,*ri/i1 ! imitation ( ,jesus  
,*ri/1 9 ! _s if n 9 ! lett]4 ,x means t
 z ,he 01 s are we to be 9 ! _w4 ,x     

means t all ?+s1 :atsoev] we d1 are to  
be done 9 ,8 ,_s & to ,8 glory3 t our e 
?\ght is to be l$ captive "u ! ob$i5ce (
 ,*ri/4 ,x means t we are to love ,,god 
because ,,god fir/ lov$ u1 & to love m5 
because !y are our bro!rs 9 ! family (  
,,god3 because love is ( ,,god1 & e "o t
 love? is born ( ,,god & kn[e? ,,god4 ,x
 means t we are to consecrate all       
comrade%ip & loyalty & fri5d%ip1 all    
sorr[ & all joy1 by look+ ^u !m z       
fri5d%ip & loyalty & comrade%ip 9 ,*ri/1
 z sorr[ & joy 9 ,him4 ,x means t we are
 to live glad1 /rong1 free1 clean lives 
z sons ( ,,god 9 our ,fa!r's ,h\se4  ,x 
means also /ruggle & h>d%ip4 ,x means   
truceless w> aga9/ ! _s ( selfi%ness1   
aga9/ ev]y?+ t t5ds to drag u d[n1 aga9/
 ! law ( s9 9 our own memb]s4 ,x means a
 truceless w> aga9/ l[ ideals & tol]at$ 
evils 9 ! _w ab\t u4 ,x means soldi]%ip 
9 ! et]nal crusade ( ,*ri/ aga9/        
:atsoev] ?+s are false & di%one/ & unju/
 & f\l & ugly & ( evil report4  ,x is an
 ideal :i*1 consid]$ 9 isolation f !    

,*ri/ian ,gospel ( r$emption & ! p[] ( !
 ,holy ,_s1 c\ld only t]rify & daunt a  
man :o _h a sp>k ( hone/y 9 8           
composition3 & = ?is reason ! mass ( m5 
refuses to take x s]i\sly4 ,x is an     
ideal :i*1 9 ! case ( all :o d take x   
s]i\sly1 conv9ces !m ( s94  ,nev]!less  
to l[] ! ideal1 to abate "o jot ( its   
sev]ity1 to compromise1 on ! score (    
human weakness1 ?\gh x 7 b 9 a s+le     
p>ticul>1 ! flawless p]fection ( its    
/&>d1 7 to prove false to all t is      
highe/ )9 u1 & traitor to ! cause (     
,*ri/4  ,nev]1 ,o ,*ri/--s /ay me f     
rel5t+--,%all !re be truce betwixt my   
fle% & s\l4     ,,*apt] ,,ii  ,,! ,,way 
,,( ,,! ,,_w   ,! ?ree traditional      
enemies ( ! ,*ri/ian life are symboliz$ 
"u ! head+s ( ! ,_w1 ! ,fle%1 & !       
,devil1 & ! classification has a c]ta9  
conv5i5ce4 ,! ,_w /&s 9 ?is connexion = 
human society 9 s f> z x is organiz$    
ap>t f ,*ri/4 ,x is obvi\s t ! way ( !  
_w1 z repres5t$ by ! g5]al outlook (    
conv5tional society1 is 9 _m respects 9 

manife/ conflict ) ! pr9ciples ( !      
,gospel4 ,! exi/+ social ord] is !      
product ( a compromise betwe5 inh]it$   
influ5ces & /&>ds :i* are 9 a c]ta9 s5se
 broadly ,*ri/ian1 & ! natural man's    
in/9ctive selfi%ness 9 matt]s bo?       
individual & social4 ,! conflict aga9/ !
 _s ( worldl9ess :i* %\ld be "o ( ! m>ks
 ( a g5u9e ,*ri/ian life is beset by    
peculi> difficulties1 precisely because 
9 a society :i* is 9 "s respects        
p>tially ,*ri/ian ! issues are confus$4 
,public op9ion indubitably tol]ates _m  
?+s :i* %\ld n be tol]at$1 & condones   
o!rs :i* %\ld n be condon$4 ,b public   
op9ion approves mu* t is good1 & does   
lip-s]vice to a v>iety ( ,*ri/ian       
ideals1 ev5 :ile res]v+ ! reality ( its 
devotion = ! wor%ip ( success & mat]ial 
com=t4  ,p]haps x may be said t ! mo/   
fundam5tal *>act]i/ic ( ess5tially      
worldly op9ion is abs5ce ( idealism4    
,worldl9ess is ! pr9ciple ( cont5tm5t ) 
?+s z !y are4 ,aga9/ worldl9ess1 s      
def9$1 ! ,*ri/ian is committ$ to a      

conflict all along ! l9e1 s9ce ev5 9 ^? 
regions ( life & conduct 9 :i* ! /&>ds  
recogniz$ by ! _w are "r & good s f> z  
!y g1 ! good is ! enemy ( ! be/4 ,to re/
 cont5t at any po9t ) :at has already   
be5 atta9$ is fatal to all spiritual    
advance4 ,x is1 9 effect1 ! dea? ( !    
s\l4  ,mr4 ,william ,temple has rem>k$ t
 9 ! conflict ( ,*ri/ians aga9/ ! ,devil
 & ! ,fle% ! public op9ion ( ! ,*ur*1 z 
visibly organiz$1 is on _! side1 b t 9  
_! conflict ) ! ,_w x is decid$ly aga9/ 
!m4 ,t is an ov]-/atem5t1 b x conveys a 
tru?4 ,und\bt$ly ! ,*ur* has made       
compromises ) ! ,_w1 a fact :i* arises  
p>tly z ! result ( ! inclusion )9 h]    
fold ( a l>ge proportion ( m]ely nom9al 
memb]s ^: ,*ri/ianity is no m ?an an    
inh]it$ or conv5tional tradition4 ,a    
fur!r po9t ( importance is ?is4 ,two    
?\s& ye>s is n a long p]iod 9 relation  
to ! scale ( ! _w's hi/ory z a :ole1 &  
,*ri/ianity is /ill a comp>atively "y   
religion4 ,! problem ( worldl9ess is    
ma9ly a problem ( ! relation ( ! ,*ur*  

to ! social ord]2 & !re are reasons :y x
 0 natural t ! work+ out ( ! ,*ri/ian   
ideal ( conduct %\ld fir/ h be5 develop$
 9 relation to ! affairs ( private &    
dome/ic life4  ,*ri/ians 9 ! e>ly days 7
 a little flock1 surr\nd$ by a society  
^: /&>ds & conv5tions & beliefs 7       
frankly pagan & ho/ile4 ,s long z ^!    
conditions obta9$ ! issues 7 pla93 !    
contra/ 9 ideals betwe5 ,*ur* & ,_w /ood
 out %>p & cle>4 ,! _w1 x 0 held1 0     
ready to p]i%1 & de/9$ at no di/ant date
 to d s4 ,! :ole _w1 writes ,s4 ,john1  
lie? 9 wick$ness4 ,! ,*ur* /ood ap>t z !
 spiritual bro!rhood ( ,,god',s elect :o
 7 call$ to assi/ at ! obsequies ( a _w 
:i* 0 9 process ( pass+ away4 ,! _w     
passe? away1 & ! lu/ !re(3 b he t doe? !
 w ( ,,god abide? = ev]4  ,! words      
conta9 an et]nal tru?3 b 9 _! lit]al    
s5se !y express$ a mi/ak5 judgm5t4 ,!   
_w--t is1 secul> society-- did n pass   
away4 ,x is ) u /ill4 ,= a p]iod ( "s   
?ree hundr$ ye>s x p]secut$ ! ,*ur*4 ,at
 ! end ( t p]iod x accept$ baptism1 b n 

its implications4 ,! ,*ur* has be5      
engag$ ev] s9ce 9 ! task ( attempt+ to  
,*ri/ianize ! hea!n )9 h] own bord]s4   
,! ,*ur* 0 outw>dly secul>iz$3 & !      
m9ority :o c\ld n tol]ate !             
secul>ization ( h] ideals took refuge 9 
! h]mit's cell or 9 ! cloi/]4 ,9 ^!     
retreats 0 develop$ ! practice (        
,*ri/ianity z an art or sci5ce (        
individual sanctity1 b at ! co/ ( a     
c]ta9 alo(ness f ! r\gh & tumble (      
workaday life4 ,! ,*ri/ianity ( !       
,middle ,ages 0 f]tiliz$ f ! cloi/]1 ) !
 result t ! spiritual ideals ev5 ( ^?   
,*ri/ians :o rema9$ 9 ! _w t5d$ to be   
col\r$ by ! mona/ic tradition4 ,!       
,*ri/ian man ( ! _w :o took s]i\sly !   
practice ( 8 religion aim$ at reproduc+ 
at second h& ! ,*ri/ianity ( ! monk4 ,! 
salvation ( ! individual s\l t5d$ to be 
reg>d$ z ! supreme end ( ,*ri/ian       
endeav\r1 r ?an ! s]vice ( ! bre?r54  ,!
 ,re=mation1 :5 x came1 did no?+ to     
dim9i% ?is individualism ( ! religi\s   
outlook1 b r acc5tuat$ x4 ,! :ole       

emphasis ( ,prote/antism 0 ?r[n ^u !    
life ( ! individual s\l 9 relation to   
,,god1 to ! comp>ative neglect ( !      
importance ( ! conception ( memb]%ip 9 !
 ,*ur*4 ,to ! ord9>y worldl+ ! adv5t (  
,prote/antism meant simply t he ne$ no  
long] tr\ble to g to ,mass or to        
,confession4 ,! ,prote/ant :o took 8    
religion s]i\sly became a ,puritan1 a   
type resembl+ ! monk ( ,ca?olicism 9 8  
attempt$ isolation f ! _w1 yet lack+ !  
peculi> o!rworldly my/icism ( ! monki%  
"* at its be/1 & hav+ a peculi> knack ( 
mak+ religion appe> repell5t to ! ord9>y
 man4  ,! em]g5ce ( ! ideal ( a g5u9ely 
social ,*ri/ianity1 aim+ n at escape f !
 _w by way ( flight1 b at ! delib]ate   
conque/ ( ! _w = ,*ri/ by ! resolute    
application ( ,*ri/ian /&>ds to ! ord9>y
 life ( m5 9 society1 is ( comp>atively 
rec5t date4 ,x began 9 ?is c\ntry ) !   
writ+s ( ,k+sley & ,maurice1 & v>i\s    
liv+ tea*]s bo? 9 ,engl& & 9 ,am]ica h  
c>ri$ on _! "w4 ,x is "o ( ! mis=tunes (
 ,g]many t %e has _h no correspond+     

movem5t4 ,z a consequ5ce we are         
confront$ at ! pres5t "t ) ! spectacle (
 v>i\s lead]s ( religi\s ?\ght 9        
,g]many1 too hone/ n to p]ceive ! gl>+  
contra/s betwe5 ! way ( ! _w & !        
precepts ( ! ,gospel1 delib]ately       
ma9ta9+ ! position t ,*ri/ianity is     
solely adapt$ to be a religion ( private
 life1 & t ,*ri/ian /&>ds & ideals h no 
application z betwe5 class & class1 or z
 betwe5 nation & nation4 ,to adopt su*  
an attitude is to ab&on all hope ( !    
r$emption ( society4 ,x is to condemn ! 
_w 9 p]petuity to a fate ( :i* ! pres5t 
w> is ! appropriate symbol4  ,! w> is1 9
 effect1 a k9d ( sacram5t ( ! p[] (     
,anti*ri/4 ,x is ! outw>d & visible sign
 ( ! inw>d "* & ess5ce ( a civilisation 
f\nd$ ^u pr9ciples :i* are ! opposite ( 
^? ( ! ,gospel4 ,nei!r m5 nor nations1 9
 ! _w z we h kn[n x1 h be5 wont to love 
_! neighb\rs z !mselves4 ,! way ( ! _w  
is1 & has be51 ! way ( selfi%ness4  ,?is
 is n any ! less true because ! _w's    
selfi%ness has be5 to a consid]able     

ext5t unconsci\s1 & has aris5 r f abs5ce
 ( ?\ght ?an f delib]ate badness ( he>t4
 ,! _w does n always realize h[ cruel   
are its ways t[>ds ! weak & ! socially  
un=tunate1 or t[>ds ^? :o1 = :atev]     
reason1 transgress its code4 ,= ! _w has
 a code ( its own1 bo? 9 mann]s & 9     
morals1 ?\gh ! basis ( its code is      
conv5tion1 & its /&>d respectability r  
?an virtue4 ,! _w is v apt to %[ itself 
implacable t[>ds ^? :om x reg>ds z be+  
beyond its pale1 & to exhibit1 9 effect1
 ! _s & temp] :i*1 :5 manife/$ 9 !      
religi\s sph]e1 we "k & loa! z          
,ph>isaism4 ,ph>isaism1 l worldl9ess1   
has p5etrat$ to an al>m+ ext5t into !   
,*ur* ( ,engl&4  ,p>allel &             
proportionate to ! _w's selfi%ness is   
its cynicism4 ,?is also is l>gely       
unconsci\s4 ,lack+ any true insight into
 spiritual realities1 ! _w lacks vision 
& lacks hope4 ,x presumes always t ! ?+ 
:i* has be51 x is t :i* %all be4 ,x     
beholds ! evil t is done "u ! sun1 &    
pron\nces x inevitable4 ,x fails to     

und]/& t to pron\nce any evil inevitable
 is to be guilty ( blasphemy aga9/ !    
,,god ( heav54  ,aga9/ ! _s ( ! worldly 
_w1 its selfi%ness & cynicism1 its      
conv5tional judgm5ts & %all[ness ( m9d1 
! ,*ri/ian is call$ delib]ately to make 
w>4 ,! ,*ur* exi/s to be to ! _w & its  
ways a p]man5t *all5ge3 to be ! *ampion 
9 all circum/ances & times (            
righte\sness & tru?2 to insi/ ^u br++ to
 be> on human life 9 all its            
relation%ips1 bo? corporate &           
individual1 ! _s ( bro!rhood1 :i* is !  
,_s ( ,*ri/4 ,x 0 a true in/9ct :i* l$  
,s4 ,ignatius ,loyola to pray on behalf 
( ! ,ord] :i* he f\nd$ t x might be hat$
 by ! _w4 ,m>vel n1 my bre?r51 if ! _w  
hate y4444 ,if ye 7 ( ! _w1 ! _w w\ld   
love 8 own4 ,if ! _w does n hate ! ,*ur*
 x is n because ! _w has become         
,*ri/ian1 b because worldl9ess has tak5 
possession ( ! ,*ur*4 ,! _w to-day      
reg>ds ! ,*ur* z n wor? hat+1 z a       
negligible quantity4 ,:5 ! ,*ur* is once
 m ready to be crucifi$1 !n ! opposition

 ( ! _w w be reviv$1 & ! ,*ur* w suff]  
m>tyrdom afre%4     ,,*apt] ,,iii  ,,!  
,,_s ,,& ,,! ,,fle%   ,s9s ( ! fle%     
include all =ms ( slackness & bodily    
self- indulg5ce4 ,a ,*ri/ian is call$ to
 ass]t ! supremacy ( ! _s ov] ! fle% by 
controll+ 8 bodily impulses & discipl9+ 
8 desires4 ,!re is1 !re=e1 a true       
,*ri/ian asceticism4 ,b asceticism1 9 s 
f> z x is g5u9ely ,*ri/ian1 is nev] an  
end 9 itself4 ,x is a discipl9e :i*     
promotes effici5cy4 ,x is to be comp>$  
to an a?lete's tra9+1 n to ! self-      
mutilation ( a fakir4 ,!re is 9         
,*ri/ianity no doctr9e ( ! unlawfulness 
( bodily pleasures 9 !mselves4 ,! ,son (
 ,man came eat+ & dr9k+4 ,= ,*ri/ianity 
e creature ( ,,god 9 itself is good1 & a
 man's bodily impulses are ,god-giv5    
end[m5ts ( 8 nature4 ,:at is ess5tial is
 t _! ex]cise %\ld be controll$ &       
subord9at$ to ! high] purposes ( ! _s1 t
 !y %\ld be direct$ to _! prop] ends1 & 
t !y %\ld n be all[$ to get out ( h&4   
,*ri/ians are n meant to be ,puritans1 b

 !y are meant to be pure4 ,! battle     
aga9/ fle%l9ess 9 all its =ms is a      
battle :i* has to be f\ght & won 9 e    
,*ri/ian's life4  ,ap>t f ! "q ( c]ta9  
unm5tionable =ms ( p]v]t$ sexual vice1 !
 s9fulness ( :at are commonly classifi$ 
z s9s ( ! fle% consi/s 9 wrongful       
indulg5ce or lack ( self-control 9      
respect ( t :i* 9 itself is legitimate &
 good4 ,! ,*ri/ian ideal is n ab/95ce1 b
 temp]ance4 ,a ,*ri/ian w be temp]ate1 =
 example1 9 sleep1 food1 alcohol1 &     
tobacco4 ,intemp]ance means slav]y to a 
habit1 ! loss ( spiritual self- ma/]y1  
:]eby ! :ole "* is en]vat$1 & effici5cy1
 bo? physical & moral1 is impair$4 ,all 
?+s are lawful1 z ,s4 ,paul says1 b a   
,*ri/ian is n to all[ himself to be     
br\ght "u ! p[] ( any4 ,he is meant to  
live h>d & to live clean4  ,! practice (
 fa/+1 t is1 ( delib]ate tempor>y self- 
discipl9e 9 ^! matt]s1 ev5 bel[ ! /&>d (
 :at w\ld normally be a reasonable      
indulg5ce1 is a valuable means ( ass]t+ 
& reta9+ ! self-ma/]y :i* is ess5tial to

 ,*ri/ian fre$om4 ,b fa/+ %\ld n be     
all[$ to become a me*anical obs]vance1  
or erect$ into an unduly rigid law4 ,!  
fi%-d9n] ^u ,fridays & o!r fa/-days ( ! 
,*ur* is1 z a mod]n dignit>y has rem>k$1
 innocu\s2 & x has ! value :i* belongs  
to con=mity to a rule or recomm5dation (
 ! ,*ri/ian bro!rhood2 b :e!r or n x is 
obs]v$ 9 practice1 x is h>dly adequate  
by itself to ! purposes ( ,*ri/ian      
self-discipl9e4  ,x appe>s to be a      
fairly widespread delusion 9 "s sections
 ( society t a ,*ri/ian mu/ necess>ily  
be a teetotall]4 ,! ideal ,*ri/ian      
policy1 "h z else:]e1 if we may judge f 
! example ( our ,"l1 w\ld seem to be t (
 a temp]ate use ( ! gifts ( ,,god4 ,x is
 un=tunate t 9 ?is c\ntry mo/ ( !       
societies :i* exi/ = ! purpose ( promot+
 temp]ance h virtually committ$ !mselves
 to ! confusion ( temp]ance ) total     
ab/95ce1 & _! fanaticism is1 9 ! judgm5t
 ( _m p]sons1 a h9drance to g5u9e re=m4 
,b x _c reasonably be d5i$ t drunk5ness1
 & ! /ill wid] preval5ce ( an excessive 

dr9k+ :i* falls %ort ( actual           
drunk5ness1 is a frightful evil 9 !     
national life2 & :at is commonly kn[n z 
! ,liquor ,int]e/ plays a s9i/] "p z an 
organiz$ ob/ructive =ce /&+ 9 ! way (   
ne$$ re=ms4 ,! numb] ( public-h\ses &   
dr9k+- b>s 9 ,engli% t[ns & villages is 
mon/r\sly out ( proportion to any       
reasonable ne$s ( ! population3 & x mu/ 
be m ?an ord9>ily difficult = brew]s &  
publicans1 "u exi/+ conditions1 to resi/
 ! temptation to exploit = ! sake ( ga9 
! weaknesses ( o!rs4 ,a ,*ri/ian ne$ n  
be a teetotall] 9 ord] to h ?is problem 
^u 8 consci5ce1 & to be ready to        
support1 by 8 vote & influ5ce1 "s       
consid]$ & con/ructive policy ( re=m4 ,a
 man :o by exp]i5ce f9ds t alcohol is to
 him p]sonally a temptation w be wise if
 he becomes a teetotall]4 ,if ?y h& or  
?y foot (f5d !e1 cut x (f4 ,9 c]ta9     
social environm5ts x may also be wise = 
a man to become a total ab/a9]1 n 9 8   
own int]e/s1 b = ! sake ( o!rs ) :om he 
is br\ght into imm$iate contact4 ,!re c 

be no "q b t drunk5ness1 :i* is a vice  
bo? degrad+ & repulsive 9 itself1 is 9  
_m /rata ( ,engli% social life /ill f>  
too lightly reg>d$4  ,x is1 moreov]1    
wor? rem>k+ t ev5 a degree ( indulg5ce 9
 alcohol :i* w\ld commonly be reg>d$ z  
fall+ well )9 ! limit ( temp]ance is    
reg>d$ by "s au?orities z hav+ !        
effect--:i* actual drunk5ness c]ta9ly   
has--( /imulat+ sexuality3 & :5 all is  
said1 probably ! mo/ insi/5t ( fle%ly   
temptations1 at lea/ 9 ! e>li] ye>s (   
manhood1 are ^? :i* are connect$ ) !    
life ( sex4 ,_m make %ipwreck ^u ^!     
rocks ?r\gh lack ( k or want ( ?\ght2 b 
nei!r ?\ght nor k w avail to safegu>d a 
man's purity ap>t f s\nd moral pr9ciple3
 nor are ev5 moral pr9ciples effectual 9
 ! h\r ( /rong temptation ap>t f ! grace
 ( ,,god4  ,*ri/ianity tea*es t to e man
 !re is entru/$1 9 virtue ( 8 manhood1 !
 se$ ( life z a div9e treasure4 ,x is   
meant n to be turn$ into a means (      
self-indulg5ce1 or suff]$ to run riot 9 
a blaze ( passion1 b to be re/ra9$ &    

safegu>d$ 9 purity aga9/ ! day--if ! day
 arrives--^u :i* a man is call$ to use x
 = ! purpose = :i* x 0 giv5 him1 namely1
 t ( br++ new lives into ! _w ?r\gh     
union ) a woman 9 pure m>riage4  ,mo/ m5
 are sorely tempt$ to lack (            
self-control1 & to ! misuse ( _! sexual 
end[m5t 9 a v>iety ( ways3 & ! ma9t5ance
 ( *a/ity--nev] an easy ideal--is made  
d\bly difficult by ! fact t 9 ! exi/+   
social sy/em m>riage1 except among !    
poor] classes1 is commonly def]r$ until 
an age mu* lat] ?an t at :i* a man      
becomes physically mature1 & also by !  
widespread preval5ce1 9 mascul9e        
society1 ( a corrupt public op9ion :i*  
reg>ds sexual indulg5ce z morally       
tol]able1 or ev5 z ess5tial to physical 
heal?4 ,?is latt] doctr9e1 ev5 7 x z    
true z x is 9 fact false1 w\ld n 9 any  
case ju/ify a man 9 tak+ advantage ( a  
woman's ru93 b exp]i5ce %[s t !re is no 
=m ( s9 or indulg5ce :i* s effectually  
degrades a man's moral outlook1 blunts 8
 f9] p]ceptions1 & de/roys ! in/9ct (   

*ivalry )9 him1 z does ! s9 ( =nication4
 ,! majority ( ^? :o practise promiscu\s
 sexual int]c\rse are f\nd to greet )   
frank & obvi\sly g5u9e incr$ulity !     
ass]tion t !re exi/s a n inconsid]able  
proportion ( m5 ^: lives are clean2 :ile
 at ! o!r end ( ! scale m5 ( pure lives 
& clean ideals (t5 f9d x difficult to   
believe t m ?an a small m9ority (       
peculi>ly degrad$ individuals are cli5ts
 ( ! wom5 ( ! /reets4  ,! publication ( 
! ,report ( ! ,royal ,commission on     
,v5]eal ,diseases1 tak5 9 conjunction ) 
:at is kn[n or suspect$ ) reg>d to !    
/ate ( morals 9 ! ,army1 has _h ! effect
 ( draw+ public att5tion to c]ta9       
aspects ( ^! problems4 ,! ,victorian    
conv5tion ( prud]y has to a great ext5t 
be5 disc>d$4 ,! subject is freely       
discuss$1 & x is g5]ally ackn[l$g$ t    
some?+ mu/ be done4 ,!re is dang]1      
h[ev]1 le/ public op9ion1 rightly       
conc]n$ to promote measures = !         
eradication ( disease1 %\ld ignore !    
ess5tially moral aspect ( ! matt]4 ,a   

,*ri/ian man is "h conc]n$1 n simply ) !
 p]sonal /ruggle aga9/ ! temptations (  
sex 9 8 own life1 b ) a fur!r conflict  
on behalf ( ,*ri/ian ideals aga9/ !     
public op9ion ( ! _w4  ,= if            
ecclesia/ical op9ion 9 ! pa/ has be5 bo?
 prudi% & ,ph>isaic1 ! public op9ion ( !
 _w is frankly cynical4 ,r\ghly speak+1 
! _w expects ! majority ( wom5 to be    
pure1 acquiesces 9 ! pro/itution ( !    
rema9d]1 & treats mascul9e immorality z 
a v5ial (f5ce4 ,numb]s ( w\ld-be        
re=m]s--( ! male sex--are n a%am$ to    
advocate1 9 private if n 9 public1 !    
e/abli%m5t ( lic5s$ bro!ls on !         
cont95tal model4 ,x ought n to be       
necess>y to say t no ,*ri/ian man c     
possibly tol]ate a proposal to give     
delib]ate public sanction to !          
pro/itution ( a c]ta9 proportion ( !    
nation's womanhood to ! lu/s ( m51 or   
acquiesce 9 ! complac5t sex-selfi%ness  
:i* is conc]n$ only = ! physical heal? (
 s9n]s ( ! male sex4  ,! po9t ( view ( !
 ,*ri/ian ,*ur* is det]m9$ by t ( our   

,"l1 :o on ! "o h& numb]$ a reclaim$    
pro/itute among ,8 intimate fri5ds1 & on
 ! o!r taught t :oso looke? on a woman  
to lu/ aft] h] ha? committ$ adult]y     
already 9 8 he>t4 ,! ,*ur*1 !re=e1      
diff]s f ! _w1 fir/ 9 hold+ t :at is    
wrong = wom5 is equally wrong = m51 t   
!re is "o & ! same /&>d 9 ^! matt]s =   
bo? sexes1 namely1 absolute sexual      
purity2 & secondly1 9 ext5d+ equally to 
! fall5 ( bo? sexes ! promise ( ,div9e  
=giv5ess ^u id5tical t]ms1 namely1 g5u9e
 rep5tance1 unres]v$ confession1 desire 
& purpose ( am5dm5t1 & fai? 9 ,,god4 ,! 
_w1 :i* condones ! iniquity ( ! man :o  
falls1 is apt to be uncommonly h>d ^u ! 
fall5 woman1 =gett+ t %e also is a si/] 
= :om ,*ri/ di$1 & t ! woman :o to-day  
plays ! "p ( a temptress ( m5 0         
orig9ally1 9 ! majority ( cases1 m s9n$ 
aga9/ ?an s9n+4 ,v few ( ^? :o ply !    
trade ( %ame w be f\nd to h adopt$ su* a
 mode ( life1 9 ! fir/ in/ance1 ( _! own
 unfett]$ *oice4 ,we are memb]s "o (    
ano!r1 & society z a :ole1 :i* bo?      

creates ! dem& & provides ! supply1 mu/ 
%>e ! guilt ( _! d[nfall4  ,?is book is 
writt5 prim>ily = m53 & !re are !re=e   
o!r aspects ( ! life ( sex ^u :i* x is  
necess>y to t\*1 ?\gh !y are difficult  
matt]s to h&le4 ,x is well kn[n t l>ge  
numb]s ( m5 9 boyhood1 ei!r ?r\gh       
untutor$ ignorance ( ! physiology ( _!  
own bodies1 or z a result ( ! corrupt   
example & tea*+ ( o!rs1 become addict$  
to habits ( solit>y vice1 9 :i* ! se$ ( 
life )9 !m is delib]ately excit$1 /irr$ 
up & wa/$1 to ! sapp+ ( _! physical     
well-be+ & ! defilem5t ( _! m9ds4       
,habits ( self-abuse1 :5 once !y are    
e/abli%$1 are apt to be extremely       
difficult to break4 ,! m9ds ( _! victims
 are liable to be morbidly obsess$ by ! 
physical facts ( sex1 & _! ?\ghts       
cont9ually direct$ into turbid *annels4 
,b x is possible by ! grace ( ,,god to  
conqu]1 ?\gh !re may be relapses be=e ! 
f9al victory is won4 ,x is important    
nei!r on ! "o h& to belittle ! gravity (
 ! evil1 nor on ! o!r to gr[ hopeless & 

despond5t1 b to h fai? 9 ,,god4 ,x is   
also a c\nsel ( common s5se to di/ract !
 m9d1 s f> z possible1 9 o!r directions1
 & to avoid delib]ately :atev] is likely
 to prove an occasion or /imulus to ?is 
p>ticul> =m ( s94 ,! battle ( purity c  
only be successfully f\ght 9 ! region ( 
outw>d act if ! victory is at ! same "t 
won 9 ! region ( ?\ght & desire4 ,books 
& pictures1 or tra9s ( ?\ght &          
imag9ation1 :i* are ei!r unclean 9      
!mselves1 or are discov]$ by exp]i5ce to
 be sexually excit+ to p>ticul>         
individuals1 ought obvi\sly to be avoid$
 by ^? conc]n$1 & ! m9d direct$ t[>ds ! 
contemplation ( :atsoev] ?+s are true & 
hone/ & j & pure & lovely & ( good      
report4 ,9 ! h\r ( /rong temptation x is
 (t5 be/1 in/ead ( try+ to meet !       
assault directly1 to *ange ! imm$iate   
environm5t1 or 9 "s o!r way to          
conc5trate ! m9d3 = example1 to sit d[n 
& read a clean novel until ! /ress ( !  
obsession is pa/4 ,physical cleanl9ess1 
pl5ty ( heal?y ex]cise 9 ! op5 air 7x is

 un=tunate t ! circum/ances ( _m m5's   
lives d n give adequate opportunity =   
?is71 temp]ance 9 food1 & especially--9 
! light ( :at has be5 said              
above--temp]ance 9 dr9k1 are all        
incid5tally ( value z aids to !         
ma9t5ance ( purity4 ,s also is !        
avoidance ( ! habit ( ly+ 9 b$ 9 a      
semi-somnol5t condition aft] true sleep 
has f9ally dep>t$4 ,a ,*ri/ian's body is
 meant to be a temple ( ! ,holy ,gho/1 &
 no o!r _s1 :e!r ( impurity or ( slo?1  
%\ld be all[$ to h dom9ation ov] him4   
,o!r s9s !re are :i* %\ld n be s mu* z  
nam$ among ,*ri/ian m5-^?1 namely1 9 :i*
 m5 ) m5 "w t :i* is unseemly1 & burn ) 
lu/ "o t[>ds ano!r4 ,x is necess>y to   
ref] to ^!1 because _! preval5ce is said
 to be increas+4 ,a consid]able         
proportion ( m5 are temp]am5tally liable
 to be sexually attract$ by memb]s ( _! 
own sex2 & passionate fri5d%ips1 9 :i*  
!re is an elem5t :i* is 9 ! la/ analysis
 sexual1 are n uncommon bo? betwe5 boys 
& y\?s at ! age ( e>ly manhood1 & betwe5

 m5 ( mature age & adolesc5ts4 ,! true  
"* ( ^! relation%ips is n always 9 _!   
initial /ages obvi\s1 ev5 to ^? conc]n$4
 ,z a guid+ pr9ciple x may be laid d[n t
 a fri5d%ip betwe5 memb]s ( ! same sex  
beg9s to ent] ^u dang]\s gr\nd :5ev] an 
elem5t ( jeal\sy betrays itself1 :5 !re 
is a desire habitually to monopolize !  
o!r's company to ! exclusion ( ?ird     
p]sons1 or :5 ! life & int]e/s ( ! "o   
appe> to be disproportionately wrapp$ up
 9 ! conc]ns & do+s ( ! o!r4 ,fri5d%ips 
( ?is "* are always selfi% & may all too
 easily become impure4 ,x is ! bus9ess (
 a ,*ri/ian man to be on 8 gu>d & to    
love 8 male fri5ds n z a woman is lov$ &
 n 9 a _s ( selfi% monopoly1 b ) ! pure 
& clean & ess5tially unselfi% affection 
( ,*ri/ian manhood4  ,a ^w may be said1 
la/ly1 ) reg>d to pruri5t & pollut$ talk
 & unclean /ories4 ,aga9/ ^! a ,*ri/ian 
man w d well firmly & resolutely to set 
8 face4 ,su* ?+s defile ! m9d4 ,!y are  
injuri\s bo? to him t he>s & to him t   
speaks1 9 t !y t5d to eng5d] a m5tal    

atmosph]e 9 :i* ! sugge/ions ( actual   
vice are likely to meet ) an enfeebl$   
p[] ( resi/ance4 ,( c\rse x is possible 
to be too tragical on ! subject (       
language1 & to exagg]ate ! h>m done by  
smok+-room /ories4 ,b :atev] is         
def9itely unclean is def9itely evil1 &  
%\ld be bo? avoid$ & disc\rag$4 ,to     
assume1 h[ev]1 a pi\s demean\r & to     
appe> to be %ock$ is a fatal me?od (    
prote/4 ,*ri/ians h no bus9ess to be    
%ock$1 nor are !y meant to be prigs4    
,!re are o!r =ms ( social pressure :i*  
are m effective4 ,x is1 moreov]1        
sometimes possible to comb9e moral      
reprobation ) a s5se ( hum\r4           
,,*apt] ,,iv  ,,! ,,works ,,( ,,!       
,,devil   ,! devil is f "o po9t ( view a
 figure ( ,jewi% & ,*ri/ian my?ology4 ,!
 ,jews1 l o!r e>ly peoples1 believ$ 9 ! 
exi/5ce ( evil spirits or demons1 to ^: 
malignant ag5cy !y ascrib$ v>i\s        
diseases1 bo? functional & organic1 & 9 
p>ticul> ^? unhappy cases ( obsession1  
fix$ idea1 & multiple p]sonality1 :i* we

 %\ld n[ class "u ! g5]al head (        
insanity1 & treat 9 asylums = ! m5tally 
d]ang$4 ,! ,new ,te/am5t writ+s are full
 ( ?is po9t ( view1 :i* is ( c\rse      
l>gely =eign to our m9ds to-day4 ,!     
ord9>y ,engli%man is n a great believ] 9
 devils or spirits ( evil3 ?\gh he does 
9 "s in/ances believe 9 gho/s1 & is     
incl9$ to ! practice ( :at 9 =m] ages 0 
call$ necromancy--! attempt to e/abli%  
an illicit connexion ) ! spirits ( !    
dep>t$--"u ! mod]n "n ( psy*ical rese>*4
 ,!re are1 no d\bt1 "s =ms ( psy*ical   
rese>* :i* are g5u9ely sci5tific &      
legitimate4 ,x is probable en\gh t !re  
exi/s a consid]able area ( :at may be   
call$ bord]l& ph5om5a to :i* sci5tific  
me?ods ( inquiry may be f\nd applicable1
 & :i* x is !oretically ! bus9ess (     
sci5ce to inve/igate4 ,b x is a region 9
 :i* ! way lies readily op5 to all k9ds 
( sup]/ition & self-deceit4 ,! pursuit (
 tru? = its own sake is ess5tially a    
religi\s ?+3 b ! motives ( _m amateur   
dabbl]s 9 psy*ical rese>* are f> f be+  

truly religi\s or spiritual4 ,mu* popul>
 spiritualism1 :e!r x assumes ! =m (    
table-turn+s1 ( _s-rapp+s1 or (         
m$iumi/ic seances1 is ?or\ghly morbid & 
undesirable1 & ! ,*ri/ian ,*ur* has     
rightly disc\rag$ x4  ,x is n1 h[ev]1   
necess>y to believe lit]ally 9 ! devil1 
or 9 devils--conc]n+ ^: exi/5ce _m      
p]sons w pref] to rema9 agno/ic--9 ord] 
to f9d 9 ! figure ( ! devil1 z he appe>s
 9 ,biblical & o!r lit]ature1 a conv5i5t
 p]sonification ( c]ta9 =ms ( evil4 ,!re
 is an atmosph]e ( evil ab\t u1 a ,k+dom
 ( ,evil1 ov] aga9/ ! ,k+dom ( ,good3 & 
!re are sugge/ions & impulses ( evil :i*
 f "t to "t arise 9 our m9ds1           
:i*--:atev] may be ! lit]al tru? ab\t   
!m--n infrequ5tly pres5t ! appe>ance (  
hav+ be5 prompt$ by "s my/]i\s ext]nal  
,tempt]4 ,c]ta9ly de$s h be5 done 9 !   
pres5t w> :i* c only be describ$ z      
devili%4 ,! w> has reveal$ on a l>ge    
scale & 9 unmi/akable t]ms ! evil ( :i* 
! he>t ( man is capable1 & h[ ?9 9 _m   
cases is ! v5e] :i* sep>ates ! outw>dly 

civiliz$ ,european f ! primitive savage4
 ,= ?is purpose 0 ! ,son ( ,,god        
manife/$1 t ,he might de/roy ! works ( !
 devil4 ,& by ! works ( ! devil we may  
und]/& especially cruelty1 malice1 envy1
 hatr$ & all un*>itabl5ess1 ! _s (      
selfi%ness :i* w>s aga9/ love1 & ! _s ( 
pride :i* ignores ,,god4 ,we see ^! ?+s 
exhibit$ ^u ! l>ge scale 9 ! conspicu\s 
crim9als among mank9d1 :om we are       
sometimes tempt$ to reg>d z devils      
inc>nate4 ,we ne$ to be on our gu>d     
aga9/ ! beg9n+s ( !m1 & inde$ 9 _m cases
 _! actual pres5ce 9 an undetect$ b     
fairly develop$ =m1 9 ourselves4        
,*ri/ian m5 are to be k9dly affection$  
"o t[>ds ano!r 9 bro!rly love3 9 hon\r  
pref]r+ "o ano!r--:i* is easi] to say   
?an to d4 ,!y are to refra9 f r5d]+ evil
 = evil1 & to le>n "u provocation to be 
self-controll$4 ,!y are to be 9 *>ity ) 
all m51 & s f> z x lies )9 _! own p[] 7=
 x takes two to make peace1 z x takes   
two to make a qu>rel7 !y are to live    
peaceably ) all m54 ,wra? & clam\r1 ly+ 

& evil-speak+1 back-bit+ & sl&]+1 are   
all ( ! devil1 devili%4 ,contr>y to !   
works ( ! devil1 :i* may be summ$ up "u 
! ?ree head+s ( ly+1 hatr$1 & pride1 are
 ! ,*ri/ian ideals ( tru?fulness1 love1 
& humility1 ) reg>d to ea* ( :i* a few  
words may usefully be said4  7i7 ,!     
devil is describ$ 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t z a 
li> & ! fa!r !re(4 ,a ,*ri/ian is to be 
true & j 9 all 8 deal+s1 abhorr+        
crook$ness3 = ! ess5ce ( ly+ is n       
inexactitude 9 spee*1 b deceitfulness ( 
int5tion4 ,*ri/ian v]acity means hone/y1
 /raight=w>dness1 & s9c]ity 9 de$ z well
 z 9 ^w4 ,a writ] ( fiction is n a li>3 
to improve 9 ! tell+ an anecdote or a   
/ory is n necess>ily to deceive o!rs 9  
any culpable s5se2 & morali/s h f "t to 
"t discuss$ ! "q :e!r !re may n be      
circum/ances 9 :i* to tell a v]bal lie  
is ev5 a moral duty--e4g4 9 ord] to     
prev5t a murd]] or a madman f discov]+ !
 :]eab\ts ( 8 int5d$ victim4 ,b         
casui/ical problems ( ?is k9d d n v     
frequ5tly arise1 & 9 all ord9>y         

circum/ances /rict lit]al v]acity is !  
"r c\rse to pursue4 ,footnote3 ,( c\rse 
su* social conv5tions z ,n at home1 ,no 
tr\ble at all1 or ,glad to see y1 ,no1 y
 are n int]rupt+ me1 etc41 are h>dly to 
be class$ z lies1 s9ce !y d n z a rule  
s]i\sly mislead o!rs1 b are m]ely an    
expression ( ! w to be civil4  ,*ri/ian 
tru?fulness1 h[ev]1 is 9 any case a mu* 
wid] ?+ ?an m]ely v]bal tru?-tell+3 x   
implies inw>d spiritual reality1 a g5u9e
 desire to see ?+s z !y are1 a ?ir/ ( ! 
s\l = tru?1 & a hatr$ ( %ams4 ,! wor/ =m
 ( ly+ is t 9 :i* a man is n m]ely a    
deceiv] ( o!rs b is self-deceiv$1 &     
suff]s f ! lie 9 ! s\l4 ,! religion (   
,*ri/ is always remorselessly oppos$ to 
e =m or k9d ( humbug or ( %am4 ,jesus   
,*ri/ is ! supreme spiritual reali/ (   
hi/ory4 ,9 ,8 view ! publican or        
ackn[l$g$ s9n] is pref]able to !        
,ph>isee or hypocrite = ! precise reason
 t ! =m] is a m g5u9e k9d ( p]son ?an ! 
latt]4 ,& to tell ! tru? 9 ?is deep]    
s5se1 t is1 g5u9ely to face realities & 

to refuse to be put (f ) %ams1 to see   
?r\gh ! plausibilities & to detect !    
holl[ness ( moral & social pret5ces &   
conv5tionalities1 to h1 9 %ort1 !       
spiritual & moral in/9ct = reality1 is a
 mu* h>d] ?+ ?an to be v]bally v]aci\s4 
,! true v]acity c come only f ,him :o is
 ! ,tru?3 x is a gift ( ! ,_s1 & proce$s
 f ,,god :o kn[s ! c\nsels ( m5's he>ts1
 & disc]ns ! motives & imag9ations ( _! 
m9ds4  ,x foll[s t j z e lie is ( !     
devil1 s all tru?1 ( :atev] k9d1 is (   
,,god4 ,! ,"l is a ,god ( ,k1 & e =m (  
intellectual timidity & obscurantism is 
contr>y to godl9ess4 ,!re c nev] be any 
opposition betwe5 sci5tific & religi\s  
tru?1 s9ce bo? equally proce$ f ,,god4  
,! ,*ri/ian ,*ur* is ideally a society (
 free-?9k]s1 t is1 ( m5 :o freely ?9k1 &
 ! g5u9e ,*ri/ian tradition has always  
be5 to promote le>n+ & fre$om ( inquiry4
 ,x is wor? rememb]+ t ! olde/ & mo/    
ju/ly v5]able ( ! ,univ]sities ( ,europe
 are )\t exception 9 _! orig9           
ecclesia/ical f\ndations4 ,if ! love (  

tru? & ! _s ( fre$om :i* inspir$ _!     
inception has at p>ticul> epo*s 9 _!    
hi/ory be5 tempor>ily obscur$1 if !re is
 mu* 9 ! ecclesia/icism bo? ( ! pa/ & ( 
! pres5t :i* is reaction>y 9 t5d5cy &   
_s1 at lea/ !re h nev] be5 lack+ prote/+
 voices1 & ! au!ntic _s ( ! ,gospel     
tells always ^u ! o!r side4 ,ye %all "k 
! tru?1 says a ,new ,te/am5t writ]1 & ! 
tru? %all make y free4 ,footnote3 ,!    
manife/ations ( ! p]secut+ _s & temp]   
are n conf9$ to ! sph]e ( religion2 !   
intol]ance ( ! plat=m or ( ! press c be 
z bigot$ z t ( ! pulpit3 & secul>       
gov]nm5ts also c p]secute--n only 9     
,france or 9 ,prussia4 ,t x is "p ( !   
mission ( ,*ri/ianity to ca/ out ! evil 
_s ( p]secution1 to de/roy intol]ance z 
x has de/roy$ slav]y1 is none ! less    
true1 9 spite ( ! fact t bo? slav]y &   
p]secution h 9 ! pa/ f\nd ,*ri/ian      
def5d]s4  7ii7 ,9 ! second place1 hatr$ 
is ( ! devil1 & love is ( ,*ri/3 !      
,*ri/ian is to love ev5 8 enemies4 ,9 a 
"t ( w>1 t is to say1 :5ev] actual      

enemies exi/1 ! natural man discov]s 9  
su* an ideal only an immoral            
s5tim5talism1 & ! doctr9aire pacifici/  
occasionally uses language :i* gives    
col\r to ! *>ge4 ,b ,*ri/ianity has no?+
 9 common ) s5tim5talism1 & ,*ri/ian is 
no m]ely s5tim5tal affection :i* ignores
 ! reality ( evil or expla9s away !     
wrongfulness ( wrong4 ,9 ord] to love 8 
enemies x is n necess>y = a ,*ri/ian to 
pret5d t !y are n really ho/ile1 to make
 excuses = ?+s t are inexcusable1 or to 
be bl9d to ! moral issues :i* may be at 
/ake4 ,x has rightly be5 po9t$ out t    
,love y\r enemies means ,want !m to be  
y\r fri5ds3 want !m to alt]1 s t        
fri5d%ip betwe5 y & !m may become       
possible4 ,m g5]ally :at is meant is t !
 ,*ri/ian man is by ! grace ( ,,god1 to 
conqu] ! in/9ct ( hatr$ & ! _s ( rev5ge 
)9 8 own he>t1 to be will+ to s]ve o!rs 
78 enemies includ$7 at co/ to himself 9 
accordance ) ! w ( ,,god1 to desire on  
behalf ( all m5 78 enemies includ$7 !   
realization ( _! true good4 ,= wrongdo]s

 *a/isem5t may be ! true/ k9dness4 ,to  
all[ a man1 or a nation1 to pursue an   
evil purpose un*eck$ w\ld be no real act
 ( love ev5 t[>ds ! nation or !         
individual conc]n$4 ,to (f] opposition1 
if necess>y by =ce1 may 9 c]ta9         
circum/ances be a pla9 duty4 ,t :i* we  
are to love1 9 ^? ^: imm$iate aspect &  
"* is bo? unlovely & unlovable1 is n :at
 !y are1 b :at !y are capable ( becom+4 
,we are to love t elem5t 9 !m :i* is    
capable ( r$emption1 ! true spiritual   
image ( ,,god 9 man1 :i* c nev] be      
totally effac$4 ,we are to rememb] t =  
!m also ! ,son ( ,,god 0 crucifi$1 t we 
also h ne$ ( =giv5ess1 & t ,,god        
comm5de? ,8 own love t[>ds u1 9 t1 :ile 
we 7 yet s9n]s1 9 due "t ,*ri/ di$ = !  
ungodly4  7iii7 ,! ?ird great           
manife/ation ( ! _s & temp] :i* is ( !  
devil1 devili%1 is pride1 :i* by        
,*ri/ian writ]s ^u ^! subjects is       
commonly reg>d$ z ! deadlie/ ( ! s-call$
 deadly s9s1 on ! gr\nd t x logically   
involves ! ass]tion ( a false claim to  

be indep5d5t ( ,,god1 & is !re=e fatal 9
 pr9ciple to ! religi\s life4 ,pagan    
sy/ems ( morality di/+ui% betwe5 false  
pride1 ! fooli% conceit ( ! man :o      
claims = himself virtues & capacities   
:i* he does n 9 fact possess1 & prop]   
pride1 ! entirely j appreciation by a   
man ( 8 own m]its & accompli%m5ts at    
nei!r m nor less ?an _! true value4 ,!  
,*ri/ian ideal ( humility is apt f ?is  
po9t ( view to appe> ei!r slavi% or     
ins9c]e4 ,! issue betwe5 ,*ri/ian &     
pagan morals "h dep5ds ^u ! tru? or     
falsehood ( ! ,*ri/ian doctr9e ( ,,god &
 ( ,8 relation to man4 ,once let a man  
take s]i\sly ! av[al t ,x is ,he t ha?  
made u1 & n we ourselves1 once let him  
grant ! position t 8 life belongs to    
,,god & n to himself1 & concur 9 !      
judgm5t ( spiritual exp]i5ce t :atev] is
 good 9 him is ! result n ( 8 own ef=ts 
9 indep5d5ce ( 8 ,mak]1 b ( ! ,div9e ,_s
 op]ative )9 him1 & x becomes obvi\s t  
boa/+--z ,s4 ,paul expresses x--is      
exclud$4  ,at ! same "t ,*ri/ian        

humility is n self-depreciation4 ,x has 
no?+ 9 common ei!r ) ! _s ( ,uriah      
,heep1 or ) ! false diffid5ce :i*       
refuses on ! gr\nd ( p]sonal            
insuffici5cy a task or vocation to :i* a
 man is g5u9ely call$4 ,^! are bo?      
equally =ms ( self-consci\sness4        
,humility is =getfulness ( self4 ,! true
 patt]n & exempl> ( humility is ! ,*ri/1
 :o claim$ = ,himself ! greate/ role 9 !
 :ole hi/ory ( ! _w1 simply on ! gr\nd t
 x 0 ! "w :i* ,8 ,fa!r _h giv5 ,him to  
d4 ,i seek n ,m9e own glory3 !re is ,"o 
t seeke? & judge?4 ,! secret ( humility 
is devotion to ! w ( ,,god4     ,,*apt] 
,v  ,,! ,,k+dom ,,( ,,god   ,*ri/ianity 
9 ! la/ ?ree *apt]s has be5 consid]$ on 
its negative side z involv+ a conflict  
aga9/ temptation4 ,b ! ,*ri/ian ideal is
 positive r ?an negative4 ,we h only to 
?9k = a mom5t ( ! "* & life ( ,*ri/ 9   
ord] to realize h[ ludicr\sly impov]i%$ 
a conception ( ! ,gospel righte\sness is
 t :i* reg>ds x z exhau/$ by ! meticul\s
 avoidance ( s94 ,*ri/ian purity1 x has 

be5 said1 is n a sn[y ab/95ce b a       
:ite-hot passion ( life t[>ds ,,god4 ,! 
same might be said ( o!r ,*ri/ian       
virtues4 ,positively reg>d$1 ! ,*ri/ian 
ideal ( life means son%ip t[>ds ,,god & 
citiz5%ip 9 ,8 ,k+dom4  ,! precise      
signification ( ! phrase1 ,k+dom (      
,,god1 or ,k+dom ( ,heav51 9 ! language 
( ! ,new ,te/am5t has be5 ! !me (       
controv]sy & discussion among s*ol>s4 ,x
 is impossible to ent] "h into !        
te*nicalities ( ! dispute4 ,broadly     
speak+1 x may be laid d[n )\t mu* fe> ( 
contradiction t ! ,k+dom ( ,,god means !
 effectual realization1 9 e dep>tm5t (  
human life & ^u a univ]sal scale1 ( !   
sov]eignty ( ,,god z ,*ri/ reveals ,him4
 ,x is ! vision ( ! goal ( human hi/ory4
 ,x is meant to be a lead+ motive &     
inspiration ( ,*ri/ian life4      ,i w n
 cease f m5tal /rife1      ,nor %all my 
sword sleep 9 my h&1      ,till we h    
built ,j]usalem      ,9 ,engl&'s gre5 & 
pleasant l&4  ,x is q true t1 accord+ to
 ! ?\ght ( ! ,new ,te/am5t writ]s1 !    

my/ic ,j]usalem is n a city built by    
mortal m5 ^u ?is e>?1 b some?+ :i* is   
:olly ! gift ( ,,god1 a city n made )   
h&s1 desc5d+ f ,,god out ( heav54 ,!    
,k+dom ( ,,god 9 its fulness is no      
product ( human /riv+4 ,x is ! a*ievem5t
 ( a ,div9e purpose1 ! manife/ation 9 ! 
end ( ! days ( ! complet$ my/]y ( !     
,div9e ,w4  ,nev]!less x is ! mission ( 
! ,*ur* to prep>e ! way ( ! ,k+dom1 & x 
is = ,*ri/ian m5 to live z sons ( !     
,div9e ,k+dom ev5 n[1 t is1 z m5 9 ^:   
he>ts & lives ,,god & none o!r is       
en?ron$ z ,k+ & ,"l4 ,?is means t ev]y?+
 t is good 9 human life is to be r$eem$ 
by be+ (f]$ to ,,god1 & t ev]y?+ t is   
vile & evil is to be elim9at$ & ca/ out4
 ,! ,son ( ,man %all s5d =? ,8 mess5g]s1
 & !y %all ga!r out ( ,8 ,k+dom all ?+s 
t (f5d4 ,!re %all 9 no wise ent] into x 
any?+ t defile?1 nei!r :atsoev] worke?  
abom9ation1 or make? a lie4 ,! ,k+dom ( 
,,god is righte\sness & peace & joy 9 ! 
,holy ,gho/4  ,! ideal ( ! ,*ri/ian     
life1 !re=e1 is some?+ inf9itely ri*] & 

m positive ?an ! m]ely negative morality
 ( ! ,t5 ,comm&m5ts4 ,x is ! ideal ( !  
,div9e ,k+dom4 ,x is a positive devotion
 to ! w ( ,,god4 ,x means co-op]ation ) 
! ,div9e w & purpose1 a w & a purpose   
:i*1 by ! pati5t op]ation ( ! ,div9e    
,_s1 is 9 ! c\rse ( _w-hi/ory sl[ly b   
surely be+ work$ out1 amid all !        
imm$iate *aos & welt] ( ev5ts1 to its   
goal 9 ! revelation ( ! ,j]usalem :i* is
 f above4 ,t is :y ! ,*ri/ian is bidd5  
to pray cont9ually1 ,?y ,k+dom come1 ,?y
 w be done1 9 e>? z x is 9 heav54  ,if a
 man does n want ! ,div9e ,k+dom1 or    
does n believe 9 x1 he ought n to pray =
 x4 ,if he does want x & pray = x1 he   
ought also to "w = x4 ,& ?\gh no man may
 fully und]/& x1 yet if a man is to pray
 = x & "w = x at all1 he ne$s to h at   
lea/ "s p>tial und]/&+ ( :at x means4 ,x
 is wor? :ile1 !re=e1 in/ead ( dismiss+ 
! idea z a vague dream or an empty      
phrase1 to try & fill x ) "s measure (  
positive mean+ = u m5 "h & n[4 ,:at is !
 w ( ,,god = humanity8 ,& :at is meant  

by prep>+ ! way ( ! ,"l8 ,"s ?+s at lea/
 we may say are c]ta9ly includ$ 9 ! w ( 
,,god1 & "s ?+s are z c]ta9ly exclud$4  
,x is n ! w ( y\r ,fa!r :i* is 9 heav5 t
 "o ( ^! little ones %\ld p]i%4 ,a      
,*ri/ian ,*ur* :i* took s]i\sly its     
vocation to g be=e ! ,"l & to prep>e ,8 
ways w\ld be effectively & vigor\sly    
conc]n$ ) problems s prosaic z ! rate ( 
infantile mortality & ! alli$ que/ions (
 h\s+ & sanitation1 ) ! insi/5ce t !    
conditions ( life among ! poor] classes 
( ! community %all be su* z make dec5t  
liv+ possible1 & ) ! provision ( a      
m9imum ( leisure & ( g5u9e opportunities
 ( lib]al education = all :o h ! w & !  
capacity to pr(it by !m4 ,! comb9$      
ignorance & apa?y ( ! p ( ,engl& ) reg>d
 to que/ions ( education1 :i* has made  
possible ! %elv+ ( ,mr4 ,fi%]'s         
,education ,bill 9 def]5ce to !         
opposition ( ve/$ int]e/s1 is little to 
! cr$it ( ! ,*ri/ian ,*ur* 9 ^! isl&s1 &
 griev\sly disappo9t+ to ^? :o _h hop$  
at la/ = a real in/alm5t ( con/ructive  

re=m4 ,footnote3 ,x is n[ /at$ t ! ,bill
 is to be re9troduc$ & pass$1 ) c]ta9   
modifications4 ,x is to be hop$ t !     
modifications w n be su* z to de/roy its
 effectiv5ess z an in/rum5t ( real re=m4
 ,x rema9s true t ! ,bill 0 imp]ill$ by 
! apa?y & ignorance ( ! rank & file (   
,*ur*m5 & ,*ri/ians g5]ally1 ?\gh x is  
fair to say t ! ,bi%ops demon/rat$      
unanim\sly 9 its fav\r4  ,a sy/em (     
education1 moreov]1 :i* 0 truly         
,*ri/ian1 w\ld provide n m]ely = ! tra9+
 ( m9d & body1 & = in/ruction--on !     
basis ( "s int]-d5om9ational modus      
viv5di yet to be a*iev$--9 morality &   
religion4 ,x w\ld secure equally = !    
*ildr5 ( all classes opportunities = !  
tra9+ ( ! ae/hetic faculties1 = !       
cultivation ( art & imag9ation1 = !     
fill+ ( life ) col\r & v>iety & movem5t4
 ,! intol]able ugl9ess ( ! dome/ic      
ar*itecture ( our cities & t[ns is a    
totally unnecess>y (f5ce to ,,god & man2
 & ! drabness & monotony ( ! life ( huge
 masses ( ! population1 :o f9d 9 ! rival

 attractions ( ! g9-palace & ! c9ema !  
only means ( di/raction at pres5t op5 to
 !m--?is also is some?+ :i* _c possibly 
be reg>d$ z be+ 9 accordance ) ! w (    
,,god4 ,! r$emption ( society f all t at
 pres5t makes human life sordid or      
hide\s is a real "p ( :at ! ideal ( !   
,k+dom means4 ,x is a "p ( ! task laid  
^u ! ,*ri/ian ,*ur* 9 prep>+ ! way ( !  
,"l & mak+ /raight ,8 pa?s4  ,includ$   
also 9 ! w ( ,,god = humanity is !      
evangelization ( ! _w1 ! p]fect+ ( !    
,*ur*1 ! br++ ( all nations & races into
 a spiritual unity 9 ,*ri/ ,jesus4      
,*ri/ianity claims by its v nature to be
 ! absolute religion3 ! climax &        
fulfilm5t ( ! :ole process ( man's      
religi\s que/3 ! syn!tic & unify+ tru?1 
9 :i* :atev] is true & positive &       
p]man5tly valuable 9 ! religi\s sy/ems (
 ! non-,*ri/ian _w is ga!r$ up & made   
complete4 ,( ,*ri/ x has be5 writt5 t   
,h[ _m soev] be ! promises ( ,,god1 9   
,him is ! yea4 ,9 ,*ri/ is ! fulfilm5t (
 ! unconsci\s prophecies ( ! religions (

 ! hea!n _w1 nor is !re any true        
solution ( ! problems ( comp>ative      
religion except ?is4 ,! ,*ri/ian ,*ur*  
is 9 pr9ciple & ( necessity mission>y1 &
 ap>t f ! vitaliz+ brea? ( ! mission>y  
_s ! life ( ! ,*ur* langui%es & dies4   
,b ! true _s & me?od ( ,*ri/ian missions
 is n a n>r[ proselytism4 ,!re are inde$
 ?+s 9 _m ( ! l[] religions ( ! _w :i*  
are d>k & evil4 ,!re are regions ( ! e>?
 :i* are full ( base & cruel & degrad+  
sup]/itions1 immoral rites & practices  
aga9/ :i* ! ,*ur* ( ,*ri/ c only set its
 face1 & ) :i* x c make no t]ms4 ,^! are
 works ( ! devil :i* ! ,son ( ,,god 0   
manife/$ to de/roy4 ,b !re is mu* 9 !   
high] religi\s ?\ght ( paganism :i*     
,*ri/ comes n to de/roy b to fulfil1 &  
,*ri/ianity c fulfil & int]pret to !    
high] religions ( paganism j t :i* is   
true/ & mo/ positive 9 _! own spiritual 
message4 ,conv]sely1 x is probable t !re
 are 9 ,*ri/ianity itself elem5ts :i* w 
only be fully int]pret$ & und]/ood :5 ! 
spiritual g5ius ( nations at pres5t     

pagan has made its prop] contribution to
 ,*ri/ian ?\ght4 ,= our own sake z well 
z = !irs x is important t ! nations %\ld
 be evangeliz$ & br\ght to a k ( ! tru?4
 ,:5 we say ! ,"l's ,pray] we are pray+1
 among o!r ?+s1 = ! success ( ,*ri/ian  
,missions4  ,& if ,*ri/ianity conta9s )9
 itself ! true solution ( ! problem (   
comp>ative religion1 x conta9s also1 9  
g]m & pot5tiality1 ! solution ( !       
problems ( race & ca/e1 & ( !           
int]national problem also4 ,n until m5 h
 le>nt ! secret ( bro!rhood 9 ,*ri/ w ! 
:ite & ! col\r$ races treat "o ano!r z  
bro!rs4 ,n until ! nations1 z nations1  
are g5u9ely ,*ri/ian & h le>nt1 9 _!    
deal+s "o ) ano!r1 to manife/ ! _s (    
unselfi%ness & love1 w ! day be 9 sight 
:5 !y %all beat _! swords into pl\gh%>es
 & be cont5t to le>n w> no m4 ,?is too1 
if ! ,gospel means any?+ at all1 is "p (
 ! w ( ,,god = ! human race4 ,x is "p ( 
:at is involv$ 9 ! pray]1 ,?y w be done 
9 e>?1 z x is 9 heav54 ,x is an integral
 & vitally important elem5t 9 ! ,*ri/ian

 hope ( ! ,k+dom4  ,! r$emption (       
society1 ! evangelization ( ! _w1 ! br++
 toge!r into ! corporate :ol5ess ( a    
_w-wide ,ca?olic ,*ur* ( ! fragm5t>y    
,*ri/ianity ( ! exi/+ multitude ( sects1
 ! elim9ation ( w> f ! e>?1 & ! break+  
d[n1 z ! result ( a consci\s realization
 ( human unity 9 ,*ri/1 ( ! divid+      
b>ri]s ( col\r & race & ca/e-all ^! are 
ess5tial elem5ts 9 ! ,*ri/ian vision4 ,!
 man ( ! _w may1 & probably w1 pron\nce 
ea* & all ( !m to be *im]ical1 !        
baseless fabric ( a dream4 ,he w f9d no 
?\ghtful man :o is g5u9ely ,*ri/ian to  
agree ) him4  ,= ^! ?+s are1 q c]ta9ly1 
"p ( ! w ( ,,god = humanity4 ,!y are    
involv$ ( necessity 9 any effectual     
realization 9 human life ( ! sov]eignty 
( ! ,fa!r :o is reveal$ 9 ,*ri/4 ,&     
because ,,god is ,,god1 ! goal1 = !     
,*ri/ian man1 is )9 ! horizon-,! ,k+dom 
( heav5 is at h&4 ,9 any case1 be ! goal
 ne> or be x f> (f1 x is z a citiz5 ( t 
,k+dom1 & ( none o!r1 t ! ,*ri/ian man w
 set himself to live4 ,he w en?rone     

,,god 9 8 own he>t z ,k+ & ,"l1 & w hold
 fa/ ! heav5ly vision :i* x has be5 giv5
 to him to see4  ,z we look out into !  
future1 says a mod]n writ]1,footnote3 ,!
 ,rev4 ,w4 ,temple1 9 an address deliv]$
 at ,liv]pool on ,problems ( ,society 9 
#aiab1 & publi%$ by ! ,/ud5t ,*ri/ian   
,movem5t 9 ,*ri/ &1 ,human ,ne$4 we seem
 to see a great army drawn f e nation "u
 heav51 f e social class1 f e section ( 
,*ri/'s ,*ur*1 pl$g$ to "o ?+ & to "o ?+
 only-! e/abli%m5t ( ,*ri/'s ,k+dom ^u  
e>? by ,8 me?od ( sacrifice & !         
application ( ,8 pr9ciple ( bro!rhood to
 e phase ( human life4 ,& z !y lab\r !re
 takes %ape a _w mu* l our own1 & yet h[
 diff]5t6 ,/ill individuals &           
communities1 b ! individual always s]v+ 
! community & ! community protect+ !    
individual3 /ill city & c\ntry life1 )  
all _! manifold pursuits1 b no lead+    
into captivity & no compla9+ 9 our      
/reets3 /ill ,ea/]n & ,we/]n1 b no      
grasp+ worldl9ess 9 ! ,we/1 no dead5+   
pessimism 9 ! ,ea/3 /ill ri*] & poor]1 b

 no ?\ghtless luxury1 no gr9d+          
de/itution3 /ill sorr[1 b no bitt]ness3 
/ill failure1 b no oppression3 /ill     
prie/ & p1 yet bo? alike unit$ly pres5t+
 be=e ! ,et]nal ,fa!r ! "o unceas+      
sacrifice = human life 9 body brok5 &   
blood %$3 /ill ,*ur* & ,_w1 yet bo?     
toge!r celebrat+ un9t]mitt5tly ! "o     
,div9e ,s]vice1 :i* is ! s]vice (       
mank9d4 ,& 9 t climax ( a vision1 :i*1  
if we are fai?ful1 %all be prophecy1 :at
 is x t has happ5$8  ',! k+doms ( ?is _w
 h become ! ,k+dom ( our ,,god & ( ,8   
,*ri/4'     ,,*apt] ,,vi  ,,*ri/ianity  
,,& ,,comm]ce   ,?is *apt] ought prop]ly
 to be writt5 by a layman :o is also a  
,*ri/ian man ( bus9ess4 ,x is ins]t$ "h 
ma9ly to *all5ge inquiry & to provoke   
?\ght4 ,! writ] has no fir/-h&          
acqua9tance ei!r ) bus9ess life or )    
bus9ess me?ods4 ,he desires simply to   
*ronicle an impression t ! level (      
morality 9 ! bus9ess _w has be5 decl9+ 9
 rec5t ye>s1 & t ! m ?\ghtful & c&id (  
,*ri/ian laym5 9 bus9ess are beg9n+ to  

be deeply disquiet$4 ,x is n uncommon to
 be confront$ by ! /atem5t t x is       
impossible 9 mod]n bus9ess life to      
regulate conduct by ,*ri/ian /&>ds4 ,!  
impression exi/s t if l>ge numb]s (     
bus9ess m5 ab/a9 f ! outw>d obs]vances (
 religion1 x is 9 _m cases because !y   
are consci\s ( a lack ( correspond5ce   
betwe5 ,sunday pr(essions & weekday     
practice1 & h no desire to add hypocrisy
 to exi/+ burd5s ^u consci5ce4 ,! cl]gy 
are by ! circum/ances ( _! call+ %elt]$ 
f ! p>ticul> difficulties & temptations 
:i* beset laym5 9 ! bus9ess _w4 ,_!     
exhortations are apt to s\nd 9 ! e>s (  
laym5 ab/ract & remote f life4  ,if !   
situation has be5 diagnos$ correctly !  
matt] is s]i\s4 ,:at is sugge/$ is n t  
m5 to-day are delib]ately m unpr9cipl$  
?an 7 _! fa!rs1 b t mod]n conditions h  
made ! way ( righte\sness m difficult4  
,?+s h be5 spe$$ up4 ,! competitive     
/ruggle has be5 int5sifi$4 ,m5 are      
beset1 x has be5 said1 by a moral       
p[]lessness4 ,!y are z good z !y d>e be4

 ,absorb$ 9 money-mak+1 & press$ h>d by 
unscrupul\s rivals1 !y _c af=d to       
scrut9ize too n>r[ly ! social           
consequ5ces ( :at !y d1 or ! /rict      
morality ( ! me?ods :i* !y employ4      
,hone/y1 z exp]i5ce demon/rates1 is by  
no means always ! be/ policy f a worldly
 po9t ( view4 ,! *ildr5 ( ?is _w are 9  
_! g5]ation wis] ?an ! *ildr5 ( light4  
,?is be+ s1 x is to be fe>$ t m5 are apt
 to pref] ! wisdom ( ! s]p5t to !       
h>mlessness ( ! dove4  ,moreov] ! man ( 
bus9ess 9 ! majority ( cases does n /&  
alone4 ,he is a breadw9n] on behalf (   
o!rs4 ,v commonly he reg>ds x z a po9t (
 hon\r to refra9 f disclos+ to ^? at    
home 8 bus9ess p]plexities & trials4 ,x 
is assum$ t !y w\ld n be und]/ood1 or t 
9 any case x is unfair to burd5 wife &  
*ildr5 ) f9ancial tr\bles4 ,9 ! result x
 sometimes happ5s t a man's foes are    
f\nd to be !y ( 8 own h\sehold1 & t = ! 
sake ( wife & *ild he /oops to proc$ures
 :i* 8 own consci5ce condemns1 & :i* ^? 
= ^: sake he emb>ks ^u !m w\ld be ! fir/

 to disapprove4 ,a wife1 x may be       
sugge/$1 ought to %>e ! k ( h] husb&'s  
difficulties1 & to be will+1 if ne$ s   
require1 to suff] loss & dim9ution (    
income z ! price ( h] husb&'s hon\r4 ,a 
wife takes h] husb& 9 matrimony = poor] 
z well z = ri*]1 = sickness & pov]ty z  
well z = heal? & weal?4 ,x is a trag$y t
 9 mod]n m>riages too (t5 only ! m      
pleasurable alt]native is s]i\sly meant4
  ,en\gh has be5 said to make x evid5t t
 9 ! _w ( mod]n bus9ess !re is a battle 
to be f\ght on behalf ( ,*ri/4          
,precisely = ! reason t ! vocation ( a  
,*ri/ian 9 ?is sph]e is 9 "s ways ! mo/ 
difficult x is also ! mo/ necess>y4 ,!re
 is a call = c\rage & consecration1 =   
h>d ?9k+ & read9ess = sacrifice1 & f !  
nature ( ! case x mu/ be ma9ly a laym5's
 battle4 ,!re may h to be f9ancial      
m>tyrdoms = ! sake ( ,*ri/ be=e !       
victory is won4 ,b ! prize & ! goal is  
wor? /riv+ =1 = x is no?+ less ?an !    
r$emption ( a l>ge elem5t 9 human life f
 ! tyranny ( selfi%ness & gre$4         

,footnote3 ,x may1 ( c\rse1 be argu$ t s
 long z ! competitive sy/em prevails 9 !
 bus9ess _w1 a ,*ri/ian man 9 bus9ess   
mu/ compete1 j z 9 ! exi/+ /ate2 ?\gh 9 
an ideally ,*ri/ian _w competition w\ld 
be replac$ by co-op]ative & w> w\ld be  
unkn[n4 ,?is is p]fectively true4 ,b x  
%\ld be possible1 nev]!less1 to hold fa/
 ! ,*ri/ian ideal z a regulative        
pr9ciple ev5 "u pres5t conditions4 ,only
 9 proportion z ?is is done is !        
r$emption ( bus9ess life a possibility4 
,9 pr9ciple ! issues are cle> en\gh4 ,! 
int]*ange ( commodities is a s]vice     
r5d]$ to ! community4 ,x ought to be s  
reg>d$1 & ! s]vice r5d]$1 r ?an ! ga9   
secur$1 %\ld be its inspiration &       
motive4 ,! s]vice ( man is a =m ( !     
s]vice ( ,,god1 & ! op]ations ( f9anci]s
 & bus9ess m5 ought to be capable (     
int]pretation z =ms ( social s]vice4 ,x 
is only z ?is _s is infus$ into ! lives 
& practice ( m5 9 bus9ess t ! _w (      
bus9ess c be sav$ f deg5]at+ into a     
s\lless me*anism1 dom9at$ by ! idea (   

purely selfi% pr(it1 or a tissue (      
di%one/ speculation & sordid gambl+4 ,! 
bus9ess man1 l any o!r s]vant ( !       
community1 is entitl$ to a liv+ wage4   
,he is n entitl$ ei!r by *ican]y &      
trick]y1 or by tak+ advantage ( ! ne$s (
 o!rs & 8 own control ( m>kets1 to      
become a pr(ite]4 ,pr(ite]+ 9 "t ( w> is
 condemn$ by ! common consci5ce4 ,x is  
equally to be condemn$ 9 "t ( peace4 ,! 
,*ri/ian man 9 bus9ess w /& = integrity 
& j deal+1 = human sympa?y & ! _s (     
s]vice1 = ! r5unciation ( pr(its :i* are
 unreasonable & unfair4 ,8 function is n
 to exploit ! community 9 8 own p]sonal 
or sectional int]e/s1 b to be a s]vant (
 ! ,*ri/ian commonweal?4 ,"s proc$ures &
 "s me?ods ( mak+ money ! ,*ri/ian man w
 feel himself deb>r$ f employ+4 ,= ! re/
 :at is ne$$ is ma9ly a *ange ( he>t1 a 
%ift+ ( emphasis1 a modification ( !    
inw>d _s & motive ( bus9ess life4       
,,*apt] ,,vii  ,,*ri/ianity ,,&         
,,indu/ry   ,lab\r problems h always    
exi/$1 b ! developm5t ( indu/rialism z  

we "k x to-day is comp>atively mod]n4 ,x
 dates f ! introduction ( ma*9]y &      
me*anical transport1 & co9cid$ 9 its    
beg9n+s ) ! vogue ( ! s-call$ ,man*e/]  
,s*ool 9 political & economic !ory4 ,!  
mod]n _w ( indu/ry has be5 built up by !
 ent]prise ( capitali/s work+ ^u ! basis
 ( unre/rict$ competition4 ,jo9t-/ock   
companies & tru/s are simply capitali/ic
 comb9ations = ! exploitation (         
indu/rial opportunities ^u a l>g] scale4
  ,! economic !ori/s ( ! ,man*e/] ,s*ool
 reg>d$ wages z necess>ily gov]n$ by !  
work+ ( ! iron law ( supply & dem&4 ,x 0
 ! int]e/ ( ! employ] to buy su* lab\r z
 0 requir$ at z *eap a rate z possible4 
,x 0 assum$ t 9 ?is1 z 9 o!r matt]s (   
bus9ess1 8 proc$ure mu/ be det]m9$ :olly
 by self-int]e/1 to ! exclusion (       
s5tim5tal consid]ations4 ,individual    
employ]s might be bett] ?an _! cre$1 & 9
 ! small] conc]ns ! relations betwe5    
employ] & employ$ 7 (t5 humaniz$ by     
p]sonal k & int]c\rse4 ,) ! adv5t ( !   
jo9t-/ock company ?is no long] held     

good4 ,a corporation has no b[els4      
,directors 7 n p]sonally 9 contact ) _! 
workpeople1 & _! ma9 consid]ation 0 = _!
 %>ehold]s4 ,! :ole t5d5cy ( ! indu/rial
 ord] ( society z x develop$ 0 9 !      
direction ( ! exploitation ( ! workman 9
 ! int]e/s ( capital4  ,x 0 n t memb]s (
 ! employ+ class 7 consci\sly inhuman4  
,x 0 simply t !y 7 bl9d$ to ! human     
problems :i* 7 involv$4 ,!y _h become   
accu/om$ to reg>d z natural & inevitable
 a wage-slav]y ( ! _m to ! few4 ,lab\r 0
 a commodity 9 ! m>ket4 ,! workman 0 a  
unit ( lab\r4 ,reg>d$ f ! po9t ( view ( 
,capital he repres5t$ simply !          
pot5tiality ( s _m foot-p\nds ( m or    
less intellig5tly- direct$ en]gy p]     
diem4 ,8 life z a human be+1 ap>t f !   
economic value ( 8 lab\r1 0 f ! bus9ess 
po9t ( view irrelevant4  ,! sy/em 0 bas$
 ^u a lie4 ,treat human be+s z ma*9es z 
mu* z y w1 ! fact rema9s t !y are       
incurably p]sonal4 ,! wage-slaves ( !   
mod]n _w ass]t$ _! p]sonality1 & ! mod]n
 ,sociali/-,lab\r ,movem5t is ! result4 

,! =ces ( organiz$ lab\r h won "s       
notable victories4 ,!y are a recogniz$  
p[] 9 ! l&4 ,!re are ^? :o hope1 & ^? :o
 fe>1 t !y w 9 ! end become socially &  
politically omnipot5t4 ,x is n[ g5]ally 
recogniz$ t society prior to ! w> 0 on !
 br9k ( a /ruggle betwe5 ! classes (    
great bitt]ness1 & t ! social condition 
( ! c\ntry aft] ! w> is likely to be    
fraught ) =midable possibilities4 ,!re  
are _m obs]v]s :o reg>d a social        
revolution1 9 "o =m or ano!r1 z         
inevitable4  ,mu*1 no d\bt1 w dep5d ^u !
 temp] ( ! return+ troops1 bo? (fic]s & 
m54 ,t m5 & (fic]s h le>nt to "k & to   
respect "o ano!r ^u ! battlefield is    
ackn[l$g$1 b ^? :o imag9e t h]e9 is     
conta9$ a solution ( social & lab\r     
problems are likely to prove griev\sly  
disappo9t$4 ,a great deal ( nons5se is  
be+ talk$ ab\t ! effects ( discipl9e ^u 
! m54 ,milit>y discipl9e has its        
admir]s3 b m5 ( mature ye>s & civilian  
traditions :o 9 ! pres5t conflict h s]v$
 9 ! ranks ( ,8 ,maje/y's ,army are n   

includ$ among _! numb]4 ,!y h submitt$  
to discipl9e = ! p]iod ( _! milit>y     
s]vice4 ,!y are q able to recognize t x 
is ess5tial to ! effici5cy ( ! army z a 
fight+ ma*9e4 ,b !y conceive !mselves to
 h be5 fight+ = fre$om3 & _! own fre$om 
& t ( _! *ildr5 & ( _! class is includ$ 
9 _! eyes among ! objects = :i* !y      
fight4 ,!y w be m ?an ev] jeal\s1 aft] !
 w>1 ( _! recov]$ lib]ties1 & det]m9$ to
 ass]t !m4 ,x is probable t "o result ( 
demobilization w be an enorm\s accession
 ( /r5g? to ! ranks ( ! ,sociali/ &     
,lab\r p>ties4 ,! class w> ) :i* society
 0 ?reat5$ be=e ! ,european ,w> broke   
out is n likely to be a less pres5t     
dang] :5 t :i* n[ re/ra9e? is remov$ by 
! conclusion ( peace4  ,:at 9 relation  
to ^! problems is ! message ( ! ,*ri/ian
 ,*ur*8 ,! di/9ctively ,*ri/ian e?ic is 
bas$ n ^u self- ass]tion b ^u           
self-sacrifice1 n ^u class di/9ctions b 
^u bro!rhood4 ,let no man seek 8 own1 b 
ea* 8 neighb\r's good4 ,! pr9ciple is ( 
corporate z well z ( individual         

application4 ,9 an ideally ,*ri/ian     
society1 ! int]e/s ( ,lab\r w\ld be !   
sole conc]n ( ,capital1 ! int]e/s (     
,capital ! sole conc]n ( ,lab\r3 & !    
message ( ! ,*ur* to ! cont5d+ p>ties   
%\ld be1 n[ z always1 ,sirs1 ye are     
bre?r54  ,nei!r p>ty1 h[ev]1 is likely  
at pres5t to pay mu* he$ to su* a       
message1 :i* is apt to s\nd l an ab/ract
 & !oretical truism remote f !          
actualities ( life4 ,9 po9t ( fact1 !   
l>ge sections ( ! population :o live    
p]man5tly ne> or bel[ ! pov]ty l9e are  
l>gely preclud$ by lack ( leisure f     
ent]+ into ! ,*ri/ian h]itage ( !       
spiritual life1 & are too mu* obsess$ by
 ! daily /ruggle = mat]ial exi/5ce to h 
pati5ce ) exhortations to reg>d )       
sympa?y ei!r ! temptations or ! good    
int5tions ( ! well-to-d4 ,! latt] 9 turn
 are apt to res5t any attempt to /ir 9  
!m a social consci5ce ) reg>d to !      
problems ( pov]ty or ! fundam5tal causes
 ( lab\r unre/1 to reg>d ! security (   
divid5ds z conv5i5tly gu>ante$ by ! laws

 ( ,,god1 & to hold1 9 a g5]al way1 t   
ev]y?+ has hi!rto be5 ord]$ = ! be/ 9 ! 
be/ ( all possible worlds4 ,! ,*ur*--& m
 p>ticul>ly ! ,*ur* ( ,engl&--is        
commonly reg>d$ bo? by ,lab\r & by      
,capital z traditionally id5tifi$ ) !   
,cons]vative ,p>ty 9 politics4 ,!       
,*ur*-go+ classes love to h x s1 & ! _w 
( ,lab\r n unnaturally holds alo(4  ,x  
is nev]!less suffici5tly obvi\s t !     
future ( civilization aft] ! w> w be    
l>gely 9 ! h&s 7or at ! m]cy7 ( organiz$
 ,lab\r4 ,& x is wor? rememb]+ t our    
,savi\r di$ n = ! ri* only1 b = ! poor1 
hav+ moreov] ,himself liv$ & work$ z a  
lab\r+ ,man4 ,!re are ^? :o reg>d ! _s (
 idealism & _w-wide bro!rhood by :i* !  
,lab\r ,movem5t is inspir$ z ! mo/      
pr(\ndly ,*ri/ian elem5t 9 ! life ( !   
mod]n _w1 & ! exi/+ cleavage betwe5     
,lab\r & ! ,*ur* z a trag$y comp>able   
only to ! trag$y ( ! w>4 ,x is ! pla9   
duty ( a ,*ri/ian man to d :at 9 him    
lies to rem$y ?is cleavage1 to ?9k h>d &
 hone/ly ab\t social problems f a       

,*ri/ian po9t ( view1 & to make x 8     
bus9ess to h an adequate und]/&+ &      
sympa?y ) ! real "* & motives ( ,lab\r  
aspirations & ideals4     ,,*apt] ,,viii
  ,,*ri/ianity ,,& ,,politics           
,politics at _! wor/ are a discr$itable 
/ruggle betwe5 p>ties & gr\ps = selfi%1 
& sectional ends1 full ( di%one/y &     
*ican]y & corruption4 ,x is (t5         
recogniz$ at ! pres5t "t z desirable t  
none %\ld be = p>ty1 b all = ! /ate4 ,! 
,*ri/ian ideal goes fur!r ?an ?is3 x is 
t none %\ld be = p>ty1 b all = ! ,k+dom 
( ,,god1 & = ! /ate only 9 s f> z ! /ate
 is capable ( be+ made ! in/rum5t ( t   
high] ideal4 ,! ,*ri/ian man is n to    
hold alo( f political life1 b to seek1 s
 f> z 8 p]sonal ef=t & influ5ce c be    
made to tell1 to ,*ri/ianize ! political
 /ruggle4 ,9 e conte/$ election he is   
b\nd to ?9k out 9 ! light ( ,*ri/ian    
ideals ! issues :i* are at /ake1 )\t    
ei!r prejudice or heat1 & to regi/] 8   
vote 9 accordance ) 8 consci5ce "u ! mo/
 solemn s5se ( responsibility be=e      

,,god4 ,he is b\nd1 ( c\rse1 to be a    
re=m]1 /&+ = cleanness ( me?ods1 probity
 ( motives1 hone/ ?9k+1 class           
unselfi%ness1 & ! elim9ation ( abuses & 
malpractices4 ,he w t5d 9 mo/ cases to  
be a cross- b5*]1 9 ! s5se ( be+        
indep5d5t ( p>ty caucuses & conc]n$ only
 = social & political righte\sness4  ,a 
,*ri/ian man :o has leisure &           
opportunity c r5d] enorm\s s]vice by go+
 into politics1 m especially into       
municipal politics1 :i* are too (t5     
surr5d]$ to ! t5d] m]cies ( corrupt1    
n>r[-m9d$1 or int]e/$ local wire-pull]s4
 ,!re is an enorm\s field ( unselfi%    
social s]vice & opportunity ly+ op5 to  
,*ri/ian laym5 9 ?is connexion4 ,!re c  
be no tru] =m ( "w = ! ,*ur* ( ,,god ?an
 ! "w ( a municipal c\ncillor :o seeks n
 popul>ity b righte\sness4  ,! c>ry+ ov]
 ( ,*ri/ian ideals into national &      
int]national politics is equally        
indisp5sable4 ,9 ! sph]e ( int]national 
affairs 9 p>ticul>1 :ile o!r nations h1 
= ! mo/ "p1 r5d]$ (ficial lip-s]vice f  

"t to "t to ideals ( int]national       
morality1 x has be5 res]v$ = ,g]many to 
decl>e op5ly = ! repudiation ( s5tim5t1 
& = a policy ( undisguis$ cynicism &    
real-politik4 ,! doctr9e t ! /ate z su* 
is exempt f moral obligation t[>ds its  
neighb\rs1 & t ! :ole political duty (  
man is exhau/$ 9 ! s]vice ( 8 c\ntry & !
 promotion ( h] purely selfi% int]e/s & 
w to p[]1 has be5 exhibit$ 9 action by !
 ,prussian ,gov]nm5t 9 su* a fa%ion z to
 incur ! moral reprobation ( ! _w4 ,!   
cynical doctr9es ( real-politik1 !      
belief t ! int]e/s ( ! /ate are 9       
politics & diplomacy p>am\nt1 & t !     
=eign] is a natural enemy1 ! belief t 9 
all int]national relation%ips selfi% &  
self-int]e/$ consid]ations mu/ really   
det]m9e policy1 are un=tunately by no   
means unrepres5t$1 ?\gh !y are n        
un*all5g$1 9 ! political life ( o!r     
c\ntries besides ,g]many4 ,!re are      
influ5tial publici/s 9 ,engl& to-day !  
pr9ciples ( ^: political ?9k+ are really
 ,prussian4 ,x rema9s to be se5 :e!r1 :5

 ! "t comes = peace to be made betwe5 ! 
nations1 ! =ces ( int]national idealism 
w prove /rong en\gh to c>ry ! day1 or   
:e!r we %all h a m]ely v9dictive &      
reali/ peace :i* w conta9 )9 itself !   
se$s ( future w>s4 ,!re c be no "q b t a
 ,*ri/ian man is b\nd to /& bo? = !     
fre$om ( oppress$ nationalities & = ! "r
 ( all peoples freely to det]m9e _! own 
affairs1 & also = ! duty ( nations z (  
individuals to love _! neighb\rs z      
!mselves1 & to seek prim>ily n _! own b 
ea* o!r's good4 ,if ^! pr(essions are to
 be m ?an nom9al !y mu/ mean a read9ess 
= national sacrifices & = national      
unselfi%ness 9 "t ( peace z 9 "t ( w>4  
,,*apt] ,,ix  ,,*ri/ianity ,,& ,,w>     
,*ri/ianity is oppos$ to w>1 9 ! s5se t 
if m5 & nations univ]sally behav$ z     
,*ri/ians1 w>s w\ld cease4 ,! ideal ( ! 
,k+dom ( ,,god involves ! reign ^u e>? (
 univ]sal peace4 ,w> is1 !re=e1 9       
itself1 an un*ri/ian ?+4 ,x is1 moreov]1
 a b>b>\s & irrational me?od ( det]m9+  
disputes1 s9ce ! factors :i* humanly    

speak+ are decisive = success 9 w>1 viz4
 ! organiz$ & unfl9*+ use ( sup]ior     
physical =ce1 are 9 pr9ciple irrelevant 
to ! rights or wrongs ( ! cause :i* may 
be at /ake4 ,! victories ( might & "r d 
n inv>iably co9cide4  ,x is n surpris+1 
!re=e1 t a c]ta9 proportion (           
,*ri/ians--! ,quak]s1 = example1 & _m   
individuals :o h ei!r be5 influ5c$ by ! 
tea*+ ( ,tol/oy1 or else1 ?9k+ ! matt]  
out = !mselves1 h arriv$ at simil>      
conclusions to ^? ( ,tol/oy & !         
,quak]s--%\ld hold t 9 ! ev5t ( w> a    
man's loyalty to 8 e>?ly city mu/ give  
way to 8 loyalty to 8 heav5ly ,k+ 9 ?is 
matt]4 ,exp]i5ce %[s t !re are m5 :o are
 prep>$ to suff] p]secution1            
imprisonm5t1 or dea? itself r ?an       
violate _! pr9ciples by s]vice 9 ! arm$ 
=ces ( ! ,cr[n4  ,!re are obvi\sly      
circum/ances conceivable 9 :i* x w\ld be
 ! duty ( all ,*ri/ians to become       
,consci5ti\s ,objectors4 ,su*           
circum/ances w\ld arise 9 any case 9 :i*
 ! /ate endeav\r$ to compel m5's s]vices

 9 a w> :i* _! consci5ce disapprov$4 ,9 
! pres5t ,european ,w> x s happ5s t !re 
are probably no ,engli%m5 :o reg>d !    
,g]man cause z righte\s & ! ,allies'    
cause z wrong4 ,! problem ( ,consci5ti\s
 ,objection has1 !re=e1 only aris5 9 !  
case ( ^? ,*ri/ians :o hold ! ab/ract   
doctr9e ( ! absolute wrongness1 9 :atev]
 circum/ances1 ( all w> z su*4  ,!re are
 ^? :o1 ?\gh p]sonally reject+ ?is      
doctr9e1 consid] t ^? :o hold x are     
wrong only 9 t !y are spiritually 9     
advance ( _! "t4 ,! majority1 h[ev]1 (  
,*ri/ians h felt t ! ,pacifi/ or ,quak] 
doctr9e is n m]ely impracticable "u     
pres5t conditions1 b t x re/s ^u a      
fallaci\s pr9ciple4 ,= x appe>s to d5y t
 physical =ce c ev] be rightfully       
employ$ z ! in/rum5t ( a moral purpose4 
,9 ! la/ resort x is ak9 to !           
anti-sacram5tal doctr9e :i* reg>ds :at  
is mat]ial z ess5tially oppos$ to :at is
 spiritual4  ,! que/ions at issue are n 
really to be solv$ by ! quotation (     
isolat$ texts or say+s ( our ,"l f !    

,gospels4 ,:at is really 9 dispute is ! 
"q ( ! =m :i*1 9 ! context ( a giv5 set 
( national & political circum/ances1 may
 rightfully be giv5 to ! application ( !
 ,*ri/ian pr9ciple ( univ]sal1 righte\s1
 & self-sacrific+ ,love4 ,no "o c       
dispute ! fact t 9 c]ta9 circum/ances   
,*ri/ianity may dem& ! read9ess to die =
 o!rs4 ,are !re any circum/ances 9 :i*  
,*ri/ianity may dem& ! read9ess to slay 
= o!rs1 ei!r p]sonally1 or m$iately     
?r\gh s]vice 9 a milit>y ma*9e :i* z a  
:ole is ! in/rum5t ( a national purpose 
only to be a*iev$ ?r\gh ! slaught] ( ^? 
9 ! ranks ( ! oppos+ armies8  ,!        
majority ( ,*ri/ians h answ]$ ?is "q 9 !
 affirmative4 ,!y h held t !re are      
circum/ances 9 :i* ! claims ( ,love are 
m g5u9ely & adequately ackn[l$g$ by tak+
 "p 9 w>f>e ?an by ab/a9+ f x4 ,!y h    
insi/$ t !re are circum/ances 9 :i* x is
 no true act ( love1 ev5 t[>ds !        
aggressor1 or p]haps t[>ds ! aggressor  
lea/ ( all1 to p]mit him to a*ieve an   
evil purpose un*eck$3 t resi/ance1 ev5  

by =ce ( arms1 may be 9 ! true/ int]e/s 
( ! enemy himself4 ,!y h ma9ta9$ t x is 
possible to fight 9 a ,*ri/ian temp] &  
_s1 )\t ei!r p]sonal malice or hatr$ ( !
 foe3 t n all kill+ is murd]1 & t to rob
 a man ( physical life1 z an incid5t 9 !
 ass]tion ( ! claims ( righte\sness1 is 
n1 f ! po9t ( view ( ^? :o believe 9    
human immortality1 to d him t ultimate &
 ess5tial injury :i* x might o!rwise be 
held to be4  ,no "o1 h[ev]1 :o has _h   
any?+ to d ) mod]n w> c d\bt t x is     
intr9sically bea/ly & devili%1 or t x is
 apt to ar\se passions1 9 all b !       
sa9tlie/ ( m51 :i* are ( an extremely   
ugly k9d4 ,to affirm t x is possible1 z 
a matt] ( !ory1 to fight 9 a :olly      
,*ri/ian _s & temp]1 is n to ass]t t 9  
actual practice m ?an a small m9ority ( 
soldi]s succe$ 9 do+ s4 ,x is possible  
to be dev\tly ?ankful t :5 ! issue 0    
pos$ by ! conduct ( ! ,g]manic p[]s 9 ! 
,augu/ ( #aiad ! ,briti% ,empire repli$ 
by ent]+ ^u w>1 to hold t x 0           
emphatically ! "r ?+ to d1 & t x        

repres5t$ a c\rse ( conduct m           
intr9sically ,*ri/ian ?an neutrality    
w\ld h be54 ,b x is n possible to ma9ta9
 ) tru? t ! ,briti% nation z a :ole has 
be5 fight+ ei!r 9 a ,*ri/ian temp] or f 
,*ri/ian motives4 ,x is und5iable t     
ugli] motives & passions h crept 94     
,s]mons 9 ,*ri/ian pulpits ^u su* !mes z
 ! duty ( =giv5ess or ! ,*ri/ian ideal (
 love t[>ds ! enemy h be5 nei!r frequ5t 
nor popul>4 ,und\bt$ly ! ,g]man         
,gov]nm5t 9 its g5]al policy1 & p>ticul>
 units ( ! ,g]man ,army & ,navy ^u _m   
occasions1 h act$ 9 su* a way z to give 
provocation ( ! v /ronge/ k9d to !      
unreg5]ate human impulses ( hatr$ & (   
rev5ge4 ,x is n surpris+1 ?\gh x is     
regrettable1 t "u ! influ5ce ( ?is      
provocation _m p]sons1 o!rwise ,*ri/ian1
 h ei!r frankly ab&on$ ! ,*ri/ian       
doctr9e ( human bro!rhood1 or else h    
d5i$ t ! ,g]mans are to be reg>d$ z     
human be+s4 ,on ! :ole1 & speak+ v      
broadly1 x may be said t ! troops h %[n 
!mselves m ,*ri/ian 9 ^! respects ?an h 

! civil population1 ?\gh !re are _m     
exceptions ^u bo? sides4 ,x is to be    
fe>$ t ! ,*ur*1 9 s f> z %e has be5     
repres5t$ by h] cl]gy 7?\gh "h1 aga91   
!re are _m exceptions71 has be5 too     
anxi\s to be id5tifi$ ) a m]ely ,j+o    
patriotism to ex]cise any v appreciable 
influ5ce 9 re/ra9t ( un*ri/ian passions4
 ,x is to be hop$ & anticipat$ t !re w  
be a /rong reaction aft] ! w> bo? aga9/ 
milit>ism & ! less desirable aspects ( !
 milit>y m9d1 & also aga9/ ! bellig]5t  
temp] & _s--especially1 p]haps1 on ! "p 
( ! m5 :o h !mselves s]v$ & suff]$ 9 !  
field4     ,,*apt] ,x  ,,love1          
,,c\rt%ip1 ,,& ,,m>riage   ,no elem5t 9 
,*ri/ian practice has be5 m widely      
*all5g$ 9 mod]n times ?an ! ,*ri/ian    
ideal ( m>riage4 ,our ,"l's /&>d 9 ^!   
matt]s 0 simple & au/]e4 ,:oso looke? on
 a woman to lu/ aft] h] ha? committ$    
adult]y already 9 8 he>t4 ,:osoev] %all 
put away 8 wife1 sav+ = ! cause (       
=nication 7! exceptive clause is (      
disput$ au!nticity7 cause? h] to commit 

adult]y3 & :osoev] %all m>ry h] t is    
divorc$ committe? adult]y4  ,! ,/ate 9  
c]ta9 cases gives legal sanction to     
adult]y 9 ?is latt] s5se1 & !re is a    
vocal & probably increas+ dem& t legal  
facilities = divorce ^u v>i\s pretexts1 
) lib]ty ( rem>riage1 %all be fur!r     
ext5d$4 ,! ,divorce ,law ,re=m ,union   
has ann\nc$ its int5tion to promote 9   
,p>liam5t a ,bill :i*1 if c>ri$1 w\ld h 
! effect ( r$uc+ legal m>riage to a     
contract t]m9able aft] ?ree ye>s'       
volunt>y sep>ation by ! w ( ei!r p>ty4  
,d\btless a robu/ opposition w be (f]$  
by ,*ri/ian p to ! adoption ( s lax a   
conception ( m>riage ev5 by ! ,/ate4    
,exp]i5ce 9 o!r c\ntries seems to %[ t  
unlimit$ facilities = divorce d n t5d to
 ! promotion ei!r ( happ9ess or (       
morals4 ,b x ne$s to be recogniz$ t !   
,/ate1 z su*1 is conc]n$ only ) ! legal 
aspect ( m>riage z a civil contract1 & t
 x has to legislate = citiz5s n all (   
:om pr(ess ,*ri/ian /&>ds ev5 9 !ory4 ,!
 law ( ! ,/ate may well div]ge f t ( !  

,*ur* ) reg>d to ?is matt]1 ?\gh x does 
n foll[ t s lax a /&>d z t :i* is n[    
propos$ w\ld be 9 ! be/ int]e/s ev5 ( ! 
,/ate4  ,! ,*ur* reg>ds ,*ri/ian m>riage
 z indissoluble4 ,9 cases ( adult]y %e  
c\nsels reconciliation1 :]ev] possible1 
^u ! basis ( rep5tance on ! "p ( !      
guilty & =giv5ess on ! "p ( ! injur$    
p>tn]4 ,if ?is is n possible ! ,*ur*    
sanctions1 if ne$ s require1 sep>ation1 
b n rem>riage4 ,!re are also un=tunately
 o!r cases 9 :i* ! m>ri$ relation%ip    
proves s intol]able z to r5d] a tempor>y
 or p]man5t sep>ation admissible z a la/
 resort4 ,! rem>riage ( ei!r p>ty dur+ !
 lifetime ( ! o!r is nev]!less held to  
be un*ri/ian4 ,) ! practical            
difficulties :i* beset ! ,*ur* 9 !      
attempt to ma9ta9 )9 ! circle ( h] own  
memb]%ip a /rict] /&>d ?an t :i* is     
recogniz$ by ! ,civil ,law & by society 
at l>ge we are n "h conc]n$4 ,our conc]n
 is ) ! ,*ri/ian /&>d z a positive      
ideal1 on ! effective ma9t5ance ( :i*1 z
 ,*ri/ians believe1 dep5ds ! /ability ( 

! home & ! ,*ri/ian family1 & !         
r$emption ( sex-relations f m]e         
animalism & grossness4  ,a ,*ri/ian     
husb& takes 8 wife 9 matrimony = bett] =
 worse1 = ri*] = poor]1 9 sickness & 9  
heal?1 to love & to *]i%1 till dea? !m d
 "p1 accord+ to ,,god',s holy ord9ance4 
,! /ep is irrevocable4 ,! union is      
int5d$ to be life-long4 ,x has1 moreov]1
 9 view n only ! mutual society1 help1 &
 com=t t ! "o ought to h ( ! o!r1 b also
 ! procreation ( *ildr51 to be br\ght up
 9 ! fe> & nurture ( ! ,"l1 & to !      
praise ( ,8 holy ,"n4 ,a few words may  
usefully be said "u ^! heads4  7i7      
,m>riage ought to be bas$ ^u love2 &    
love1 ?\gh naturally & normally involv+ 
! elem5t ( sexual attraction1 ought to  
include also o!r & deep] elem5ts4 ,a    
,*ri/ian man :o has liv$ a clean &      
discipl9$ life ought to be suffici5tly  
ma/] ( 8 passions to avoid mi/ak+ a     
m]ely tempor>y infatuation = su* a g5u9e
 spiritual aff9ity z w survive !        
satisfaction ( imm$iate desires & prove 

! /able basis ( a life-companion%ip4    
,ha/y m>riages are a common & avoidable 
cause ( subsequ5t unhapp9ess4 ,x is     
obvi\sly undesirable t c\ples %\ld ent] 
^u matrimony until !re has be5 a        
suffici5tly prolong$ & intimate         
acqua9tance to enable !m to become      
reasonably sure bo? ( !mselves & ( "o   
ano!r4 ,9 _m cases !re is mu* to be said
 = reg>d+ betro?als 9 ! fir/ in/ance z  
provisional4 ,x is bett] to break !m (f 
at ! la/ mom5t ?an to m>ry ! wrong      
p]son4  ,! ,victorian conv5tions ) reg>d
 to all ^! matt]s 7 ?or\ghly bad4 ,girls
 7 br\ght up 9 c>efully-gu>d$ ignorance 
( ! implications ( matrimony & %ield$ by
 p]petual *ap]onage f any?+ approa*+    
comrade%ip ) ! opposite sex4 ,ev5tually 
!y 7 9 _m cases /amp$$ into a m>riage   
:i* _h its orig9 ei!r 9 a cl&e/9e       
flirtation or 9 ! design+ op]ations ( "s
 mat*-mak+ relative1 :o made x h]       
bus9ess fir/ to ?r[ ! "y p toge!r & !n  
to sugge/ t !y 7 virtually committ$ to  
"o ano!r by ! m]e fact ( hav+ met4  ,!  

reaction :i* has tak5 place aga9/ all   
?is is ^u ! :ole salut>y4 ,! new social 
tradition :i* is gr[+ up makes x        
possible = ! unm>ri$ ( bo? sexes to meet
 "o ano!r ) comp>ative fre$om1 & to     
e/abli% relations ( fri5d%ip1 :i* may   
subsequ5tly rip5 into love1 unhamp]$ by 
any su* morbidly excit+ atmosph]e (     
intrigue & sugge/ion on ! "p ( relatives
 & fri5ds4 ,b ! new fre$om ( social     
int]c\rse1 if x is n 9 its turn to prove
 disa/r\s1 dem&s on ! "p ( ! "y ( bo?   
sexes a high] /&>d bo? ( responsibility 
& self- control1 & ( k ( :at is impli$ 9
 ! fact ( sex4 ,! exp]i5ce ( m>ri$ life 
is1 moreov]1 n likely to prove a        
success1 save 9 r>e in/ances1 unless !re
 is betwe5 ! p>ties a real community (  
int]e/s & ta/es1 unanimity1 s f> z may  
be1 ( ideals & ( religi\s convictions1 &
 at lea/ no v great disp>ity (          
educational & intellectual equipm5t4    
7ii7 ,a ,*ri/ian m>riage includes among 
its purposes ! procreation ( *ildr54 ,x 
is "h mo/ ( all t unanimity ( ideal & ( 

conviction betwe5 husb& & wife is       
ess5tial4 ,a man & a woman ought n to   
take "o ano!r 9 m>riage )\t fir/ be+    
assur$ ( ea* o!r's m9d ^u ?is subject4  
,if m>riage is to be a success ea* mu/  
le>n respect = ! o!r's p]sonality1 real 
give & take1 & ! horror ( treat+ ! o!r j
 z a means to 8 own pleasure1 :e!r      
spiritual1 intellectual1 or physical3 & 
bo? mu/ ?9k s]i\sly ( ! responsibilities
 ( p>5?ood4 ,husb& & wife mu/ "w out _! 
ideals toge!r1 9 p]fect frankness &     
s9c]ity1 & x is impossible to h true &  
sacr$ ideals ( _! jo9t physical life    
unless !re is ! same op5ness & und]/&+ &
 sympa?y on ?is po9t z on all o!rs4     
,footnote3 ,ideals ( ,home1 by ,gemma   
,bailey 7,national ,mission ,pap]1 ,no4 
#dc74 ,!re mu/ be mutual consid]ation & 
self-control3 ! ne$ = self-re/ra9t &    
cont95ce does n disappe> ) ! entry ^u   
m>ital relations3 x is if any?+         
int5sifi$4  ,!re is a real problem "h   
:i* ne$s to be ?\ght out4 ,to ! practice
 ( race-suicide1 by :i* is meant !      

artificial re/riction ( p>5tage by ! use
 ( me*anical or o!r prev5tives1 ,*ri/ian
 morality is viol5tly oppos$4 ,on ! o!r 
h&1 x may reasonably be held t p ought n
 to br+ *ildr5 into ! _w 9 numb]s :i*   
are :olly out ( relation to _! capacity 
to fe$1 clo!1 educate1 & tra9 !m4 ,!    
enorm\s families ( :i* we he> 9 e>ly    
,victorian times 7 n q ideal = ! "m or !
 *ildr51 nor = ! fa!r if he 7 n well (f4
 ,footnote3 ,ibid ,x may be f\nd        
necess>y 9 practice to limit ! size ( ! 
family ei!r ^u economic gr\nds or 79    
p>ticul> in/ances7 9 ! int]e/ ( ! "m's  
heal?4  ,x is to be fe>$1 h[ev]1 t !    
mod]n t5d5cy 9 bo? respects is to %irk !
 responsibilities ( p>5?ood on gr\nds   
:i* are ?or\ghly selfi%4 ,! ,victorian  
doctr9e t :5 ,,god s5ds m\?s ,he s5ds   
food to fill !m may h be5 unduly        
happy-g-lucky4 ,! rec5t rem>k ( an (fic]
 9 a c]ta9 ,briti% regim5t1 t s9ce he & 
8 wife _h only ,l#hjjj a ye> betwe5 !m1 
he felt t he c\ld n af=d to h m ?an "o  
*ild1 0 entirely %ameless4 ,x w\ld seem1

 moreov]1 t ! comp>ative *ildlessness ( 
mod]n m>riages is sometimes due n to !  
husb&'s reluctance1 ^u economic gr\nds1 
to beget *ildr51 b to ! wife's          
reluctance to be> !m1 a reluctance :i* 9
 "s cases arises ei!r f su* %r9k+ f !   
physical pa9 & sacrifice ( mo!rhood z   
goes beyond :at is really ju/ifi$1 or f 
m]e self-indulg5t absorption 9 social   
pursuits & pleasures4 ,!re ought to be 9
 a ,*ri/ian m>riage m ( ! true _s (     
adv5ture & romance1 a great] read9ess = 
sacrifice1 a m will+ acceptance ( p>5tal
 responsibilities1 & ( ! obligation (   
self-d5ial = ! *ildr5's sake4 ,!re c be 
no "q b t mod]n families-- ) !          
p>adoxical exception ( ! families ( ! v 
poor--h be5 t5d+ to be small] ?an !y    
ei!r ne$ be or ought to be4  ,at ! same 
"t x is g5]ally conc$$ t "s measure (   
limitation is 9 mo/ cases reasonable &  
necess>y4 ,! vitally important ?+ is t  
su* necess>y & reasonable limitation    
%\ld be secur$ n by artificial evasion (
 ! consequ5ces ( int]c\rse1 b by        

self-control & delib]ate tempor>y       
ab/95ce at c]ta9 p]iods f ! int]c\rse ( 
sex4 ,footnote3 ,x may be sugge/$ t 9   
cases ( g5u9e p]plexity x is advisable  
to consult1 z occasion may require1 ei!r
 a m$ical man :o is also a ,*ri/ian1 or 
a wise--& pref]ably a m>ri$--spiritual  
guide4  ,= ! union ( ! sexes 9 m>riage  
is accord+ to ! m9d ( ! ,*ri/ian ,*ur*  
an ess5tially pure & holy ?+4 ,x is a   
sacram5t ( ! fusion ( two p]sonalities1 
:]eby !y are at once individually &     
mutually enri*$1 & at ! same "t         
my/ically & spiritually knit toge!r 9   
su* a way z to become 9 ! sight ( ,,god 
indissolubly "o3 ! unity ( husb& & wife 
be+ comp>able1 accord+ to a fam\s say+ (
 ,s4 ,paul1 to ! unity :i* exi/s betwe5 
,*ri/ & ,8 ,*ur*4 ,n[1 al?\gh1 f ?is    
po9t ( view1 ! significance ( m>ri$ life
 is to a great ext5t impov]i%$ &        
fru/rat$1 if int]c\rse is s regulat$ z  
to r5d] ! m>riage *ildless n 9 fact     
m]ely1 b 9 int5tion1 yet x does n foll[ 
t procreation mu/ be directly 9 view on 

e individual occasion1 s9ce ! my/ical   
value ( int]c\rse z a spiritual sacram5t
 ( love may /ill exi/ 9 indep5d5ce ( su*
 int5tion4 ,x is nev]!less1 surely1 cle>
 t a ,*ri/ian man & 8 wife are morally  
preclud$ f com+ toge!r except ) a deep  
s5se ( ! sacr$ness ( :at !y d & ( its   
intimate connexion ) ! my/]ies ( life & 
bir?1 & a correspond+ read9ess1 9 ! ev5t
 ( conception tak+ place1 to accept !   
ensu+ responsibility = ! *ild z a sacr$ 
tru/ f ,,god1 ! ,fa!r f :om all fa!rhood
 9 heav5 & on e>? is nam$4 ,) ! use (   
prev5tives & o!r devices1 :i* degrade   
into a m]e means ( c>nal satisfaction an
 act :i* is meant to be> a deeply       
spiritual & religi\s mean+1 ! ,*ri/ian  
int]pretation ( m>riage seems pla9ly &  
obvi\sly incompatible4  ,a few words may
 be add$ ) reg>d to ! upbr++ & education
 ( *ildr54 ,"h1 aga91 !re has be5 a     
reaction--:i* ^u ! :ole is good--f !    
unduly rigor\s discipl9>y me?ods ( !    
pa/4 ,x may be d\bt$1 h[ev]1 :e!r !     
reaction has n 9 "s cases be5 c>ri$ too 

f>4 ,*ildr5 ought to be controll$ &     
discipl9$ by _! p>5ts1 & no exp5diture (
 c>e & ?\ght & tact is too great to     
devote to ! rightful tra9+ ( _! *>act]s4
 ,b exp]i5ce seems to %[ t p>5ts        
sometimes fail to recognize t _! *ildr5 
gr[ up4 ,x is important t 9 proportion z
 !y gr[ t[>ds maturity ( "* & indep5d5ce
 ( p]sonality ! /rictness ( p>5tal      
discipl9e %\ld be gradually relax$4 ,at 
a c]ta9 /age ! real influ5ce ( p>5ts ^u 
_! *ildr5 w dep5d ^u _! refusal to ass]t
 direct au?ority4 ,n a few ( ! m9or     
trag$ies ( home life arise f ! ill-judg$
 action ( p>5ts :o treat z *ildr5 sons &
 daught]s :o are virtually gr[n up4  ,! 
problem ( ! religi\s education ( *ildr5 
_c "h be discuss$ 9 detail1 b ?ree or   
f\r lead+ pr9ciples may be sugge/$4     
7#a7 ,x ought n to be necess>y to say t 
*ildr5 %\ld n be taught to reg>d z true 
/atem5ts or doctr9es :i* _! p>5ts       
believe to be 9 fact false4 ,?is applies
 9 p>ticul> to c]ta9 views ( ! ,bible4  
,! ideal %\ld be s to tea* ! *ild t 9   

lat] life he may h no?+ to unle>n4  7#b7
 ,:5 *ildr5 are old en\gh to read !y    
%\ld be enc\rag$ to read ! ,gospels4 ,!y
 ought n1 h[ev]1 to read ! ,old         
,te/am5t1 ) ! exception ( c]ta9 ,psalms 
& o!r specially select$ passages1 until 
!y are ( an age to di/+ui% :at is       
,*ri/ian f :at is ,jewi%1 & to recognize
 ! pr9ciple ( religi\s developm5t4  7#c7
 ,*ildr5 %\ld be taught 9 ! fir/ in/ance
 ! practice r ?an ! !ory ( religion3    
devotions 9 :i* doctr9e is implicit1 r  
?an doctr9e z su*4 ,z _! m9ds exp& !y w 
ask ! reasons = :at !y d & ! mean+ ( !  
wor%ip 9 :i* !y engage1 & !y w ne$ to h 
sugge/$ to !m an elem5t>y1 b n a        
/]eotyp$1 !ology4 ,!y %\ld f ! beg9n+ be
 enc\rag$ to ?9k & "q freely on religi\s
 subjects4  7#d7 ,!y %\ld occasionally  
accompany _! p>5ts to ,*ur*1 & 9        
p>ticul> %\ld f "t to "t be pres5t :5 ! 
latt] receive ,holy ,communion4 ,!y %\ld
 h ! s]vice expla9$ to !m 9 a simple    
fa%ion1 & %\ld be enc\rag$ to look =w>d 
to ! "t :5 !y w be confirm$1 & become   

communicants !mselves4     ,,"p ,,iii   
,,! ,,ma9t5ance ,,( ,,! ,,*ri/ian ,,life
   ,,*apt] ,i  ,,h[ ,,to ,,beg9   ,!    
practice ( ,*ri/ianity dep5ds = its     
possibility ^u ! exi/5ce & ma9t5ance )9 
! s\l ( an inw>d pr9ciple ( spiritual   
life t[>ds ,,god4 ,! reason :y s _m     
nom9al ,*ri/ians fail conspicu\sly to   
manife/ ! fruits ( ,*ri/ianity 9 _!     
lives is simply t !y h no vital p]sonal 
exp]i5ce ( ! p[] & efficacy ( ! life 9  
,*ri/4 ,!y h nev] be5 effectually gripp$
 by ! religion :i* !y nom9ally pr(ess4  
,!y are n trans=m$1 or 9 process ( be+  
trans=m$1 by ! ,holy ,_s's p[]4  ,! pla9
 man1 confront$ by ! ,*ri/ian ideal1 if 
he does n at once dismiss x z           
impracticable1 is apt to ask1 or at lea/
 to wond]1 h[ he is to beg94 ,x is a "q 
to :i* no cut-&-dri$ answ] c be giv54 ,b
 at lea/ no beg9n+ is likely to lead to 
v mu* 9 ! way ( fulfilm5t :i* does n    
soon] or lat] involve some?+ l p]sonal  
conv]sion ( he>t4 ,conv]sions may be    
sudd51 or !y may be gradual3 b religion1

 if x is to be a reality1 means 9 ! end 
! e/abli%m5t ( vital p]sonal relations )
 ! liv+ ,*ri/4 ,x means ! acceptance (  
,8 *all5ge1 self-surr5d] to ,8 appeal1 !
 comb9ation ( an ackn[l$g$ desire to    
s]ve ,him ) ackn[l$g$ impot5ce &        
bankruptcy be=e ,,god4  ,soon] or lat] !
 ,_s conv9ces m5 ( s94 ,ei!r a man1     
essay+ light-he>t$ly to foll[ ,*ri/1    
discov]s 9 ! v attempt 8 inability to d 
s1 & is f\nd traitor to 8 ,ma/]'s cause 
9 ! fir/ enc\nt]3 or else1 x may be1 at 
! v outset1 ! consci\sness ( :at has be5
 wrong 9 conduct & "* & motive 9 ! pa/  
/&s z a damn+ record betwe5 8 s\l &     
,,god1 & =bids him )\t rep5tance to take
 s]vice 9 ! campaign ( ,*ri/ at all4 ,! 
consci\sness ( s9 z a horrid imp$im5t 9 
! s\l is n1 ( c\rse1 true p5it5ce until 
a man has be5 br\ght to realize 9 !     
light ( ! ,cross t ! diff]5ce betwe5 :at
 he is & :at he might h be5 is trea*]y  
to ,him ^: man 79 virtue ( 8 baptism7 he
 0 meant to be1 & t by be+ :at he is1 & 
act+ z he has act$1 he has consci\sly or

 unconsci\sly contribut$ to ! w\nds :]e)
 ,et]nal ,love is w\nd$ 9 ! h\se ( ,8   
fri5ds4  ,! measure ( a man's p5it5ce1  
:e!r e>ly or late develop$ 9 him1 is v  
apt to be ! measure ( 8 spiritual       
insight & ( 8 spiritual s9c]ity4 ,!     
famili> words ( ! hymn--      ,!y :o fa9
 w\ld s]ve ,!e be/      ,are consci\s   
mo/ ( wrong )91  are pr(\ndly true to   
,*ri/ian exp]i5ce4 ,b rep5tance--:i* is 
sorr[ = s9 9 ! light ( ! ,cross--is     
abortive & m]ely results 9 spiritual    
p>alysis unless x issues 9 confession--t
 is1 frank & op5 ackn[l$gm5t be=e ,,god1
 & if ne$ be also be=e ,8 ,*ur*--& !    
seek+ & f9d+ ( reconciliation & =giv5ess
 z ! unm]it$ gift ( ,,god 9 ,*ri/4  ,!re
 are ^? 9 ^: case ! inw>d conviction (  
s9 & ! realization ( ! ne$ = p>don are !
 fir/ impulses ( awak5+ spiritual life4 
,!re are o!rs ) :om x is n s4 ,!y are   
consci\s ( ! attractiv5ess ( ! ,man     
,*ri/ ,jesus4 ,!y w\ld desire to be on  
,8 side & to be ( ! numb] ( ,8          
disciples4 ,!y are dimly aw>e1 or at    

lea/ !y m ?an half suspect1 t 9 ,him is 
to be f\nd ! satisfaction ( a ne$ = :i* 
_! s\l cries out4 ,) ,s4 ,pet] !y f9d   
!mselves say+ to ,*ri/1 ,"l1 to :om %all
 we g8 ,?\ ha/ ! words ( et]nal life1 ,b
 !y _c z yet ) any inw>d reality pr(ess 
!mselves consci5ce- /rick5 ) reg>d to ! 
pa/4 ,!y are n aw>e ( !mselves z        
conspicu\s s9n]s1 or inde$1 x may be1 z 
s9n]s at all4 ,! exp]i5ce ( p5it5ce & ( 
,div9e =giv5ess mu/ come to !m1 if x is 
to come at all1 at a lat] /age4 ,x is n 
by t po/]n t !y ent] ^u ! ,way ( ! ,_s4 
,b ! ,way is 9 ei!r case ! way (        
fell[%ip1 & ! ,_s is ! _s ( discipl9e4  
,! newly f\nd spiritual life1 h[ev]     
awak5$1 ne$s to be ma9ta9$ & fo/]$ by   
fell[%ip 9 ! ,*ur*1 by regul> habits (  
,*ri/ian devotion1 by fai?ful communion 
9 ! ,sacram5t ( ,life4 ,pla9ly1 if a man
 is n already confirm$1 8 fir/ /ep mu/  
be to be prep>$ = confirmation3 if he   
has be5 confirm$1 b has laps$ f         
communion1 he mu/ resume ! communicant  
life4 ,he ne$s to claim ! /atus &       

privilege ( effective memb]%ip 9 ! ,body
 ( ,*ri/1 & to =m = himself a rule (    
inw>d life & discipl9e4 ,rules (        
devotional life mu/ necess>ily v>y 9    
accordance ) a man's surr\nd+s &        
opportunities1 & p]haps 9 "s ( _!       
details 9 accordance ) a man's          
temp]am5t4 ,b at lea/ !re ought to be a 
rule ( regul> private pray]1 a rule (   
regul> communion1 a rule ( ,bible-read+ 
or m$itation1 & a rule ( self-d5ial &   
ord]l9ess 9 daily p]sonal life4         
,,*apt] ,,ii  ,,pray]   ,pray] is a     
difficult matt]1 bo? 9 !ory & 9         
practice4 ,b x is ess5tial to le>n to   
pray4  ,x is important to recognize t ! 
scope ( ,*ri/ian pray] is mu* wid] ?an  
m]e int]cession or petition4 ,x is !    
communion ( ! s\l ) ,,god1 & its purpose
 is union ) ! life ( ,,god 9 id5tity (  
purpose ) ,8 w4 ,! beg9n+ ( pray] is a  
sursum corda1 a lift+ up ( ! he>t to    
,,god4 ,x is well to rememb] t true     
pray] is nev] a solit>y act1 ev5 :5 a   
man prays 9 solitude4 ,we pray n z      

individuals b z memb]s ( a ,family1 &   
our pray] is spiritually unit$ & knit   
toge!r ) ! common pray]-life ( !        
univ]sal ,*ur*1 ( :i* x =ms a "p4 ,we   
pray1 moreov]1 n to wre/ to our private 
ends ! purposes ( ,,god1 n to induce    
,him1 s to speak1 to d our wills in/ead 
( ,81 b to unite our wills ) ,8 w1 z    
*ildr5 :o h confid5ce 9 _! ,fa!r4 ,true 
pray] is (f]$ 9 ! ,"n ( ,*ri/--t is1 x  
is pray$ 9 ,8 ,_s1 accord+ to ,8 m9d &  
w4 ,x c nev]1 !re=e1 be selfi% or       
self-c5tr$4 ,! ,"l's ,pray] is its model
 & its type4 ,a few words may be said 9 
explanation ( ?is pray]4  ,x beg9s ) a  
recognition ( ! common ,fa!rhood (      
,,god4 ,x is only z memb]s ( ,8 ,family 
t we c approa* ,him3 ,he is 9 no s5se   
our p]sonal or private ,,god1 b ! common
 ,fa!r ( u all4  ,& our ,fa!r is 9      
heav5--t is1 supreme1 et]nal1 ! ,"l &   
,rul] ( all ?+s4 ,8 ,"n is holy1 & to be
 hall[$3 x is 9 rev]5ce & deepe/ wor%ip 
t we b[ be=e ,him4 ,he is ,k+1 & we pray
 t ,8 ,k+%ip may be realiz$1 9 e>? z x  

is 9 heav53 & t ,8 w may be done--t is !
 supreme desire ( our he>ts1 & ! highe/ 
object ( our petitions4  ,& !re=e we are
 v[$ to ,8 s]vice3 & because we are sure
 t ,he w supply :atev] we really ne$ to 
t end1 we pray 9 confid5ce = daily ne$s 
bo? spiritual & bodily--,give u ?is day 
our daily bread4 ,& rememb]+ t we are   
unpr(itable & fai?less & disloyal       
s]vants we ask =giv5ess = our s9s1 well 
kn[+ t we c only be =giv5 z we ourselves
 are ready to =give4 ,& s look+ to !    
future & m9dful ( our frailty we pray t 
,,god w n lead u into temptation or     
trial1 )\t at ! same "t provid+ a way ( 
deliv]ance f ! assaults ( evil4 ,! pray]
 cu/om>ily ends ) an ascription ( praise
 & glory to ,,god4  ,t is ! type & model
 ( ,*ri/ian pray]3 & pray] is truly     
,*ri/ian j 9 s f> z ! _s & temp] ( !    
,"l's ,pray] inspires x4 ,we c only pray
 rightly 9 ! ,holy ,_s4 ,we "k n :at to 
pray = z we ought3 b ! ,_s helpe? our   
infirmities4  ,z = ! te*nique ( pray]1 a
 man1 on kneel+ or /&+ to pray1 w d well

 to sp5d a %ort "t fir/ 9 sil5ce &      
recollection1 wait+ 9 /illness ^u ,,god1
 rememb]+ ,8 pres5ce1 ,8 hol9ess1 ,8    
love1 & ,8 responsiv5ess to ,8 *ildr5's 
cry4 ,let him next make an act (        
adoration1 spok5 or unspok51 & invoke   
,,god ! ,holy ,_s to enable him to pray 
aright4 ,!n let him p\r out be=e ,,god  
all t is 9 8 he>t1 8 tr\bles1 8         
anxieties1 8 p]plexities1 8 s9s3 let him
 ask = =giv5ess3 let him give ?anks3 let
 him pray = ! com+ ( ,,god',s ,k+dom1 9 
its v>i\s aspects3 comm5d+ to ,,god',s  
guidance & protection all "r causes &   
aspirations 9 ! _w1 9 ?+s bo? social &  
political & int]national1 9 ?+s         
ecclesia/ical1 9 ?+s moral & religi\s & 
mission>y3 let him add p]sonal & private
 int]cessions = ^? ne> & de> to him & = 
^? :om he meets 9 ! daily int]c\rse (   
life3 & let him end z he began1 9 a few 
mom5ts ( quiet wait+ ^u ,,god4  ,t is ! 
g5]al s*eme ( a ,*ri/ian's private      
pray]s4 ,!y %\ld include 9 due          
proportion ! sev]al elem5ts ( adoration1

 ?anksgiv+1 p5it5ce1 petition1 &        
int]cession4 ,!y ne$ n be l5g?y4 ,use n 
va9 repetitions1 z ! hea!n d3 = !y ?9k t
 !y %all be he>d = _! mu* speak+4 ,x is 
quality & n quantity ( pray] t c\nts4 ,&
 ! pray]s ( a busy man mu/ necess>ily be
 %ort4  ,b x is wor? :ile tak+ "t &     
tr\ble ov] ! ord]+ ( "o's pray]s4 ,a    
man's int]cessions1 9 p>ticul>1 are n   
likely 9 practice to h ! wid?1 ! range1 
& ! v>iety :i* are desirable1 unless !y 
are plann$ & ord]$ 9 accordance ) a     
coh]5t s*eme :i* is ?\ght out 9 advance4
 ,x is ! "p ( wisdom to keep a          
note-book1 9 :i* names & subjects =     
int]cessory pray] may be jott$ d[n &    
di/ribut$ ov] ! days ( ! week = use 9   
due rotation4 ,su* s*emes1 h[ev]1 if    
drawn up & us$1 %\ld be revis$ f "t to  
"t1 & n suff]$ to become a me*anical    
burd5 or a legal bondage4 ,!re %\ld be  
fre$om & spontaneity 9 a ,*ri/ian's     
pray]s4 ,x is well to h rules1 & to try 
n to be prev5t$ by m]e slackness f keep+
 !m4 ,b x is important to see to x t !  

self-impos$ rule is s fram$ z to prove  
g5u9ely conducive to reality 9 pray]1 & 
suitably adapt$ to opportunity &        
circum/ance3 & x is v (t5 a good ?+ f "t
 to "t1 9 ! int]e/s ( fre$om1 q         
delib]ately to break "o's rules4  ,)    
reg>d to =ms & me?ods ( pray]1 x is     
desirable t m5 %\ld le>n to pray freely 
9 _! own words1 or ev5 9 no words at    
all4 ,provid$ a man rememb]s rev]5ce1 he
 ne$ n /& on c]emony ) ,,god4 ,b x is   
advisable also to use books & manuals ( 
pray] --at any rate 9 ! fir/ in/ance3 to
 use !m1 b n to be ti$ to !m4 ,_m su*   
manuals h be5 compil$ & publi%$ )9 rec5t
 ye>s3 ! majority ( !m are              
unsatisfactory 9 v>y+ degrees4 ,a few1  
h[ev]1 c confid5tly be recomm5d$3       
especially ,pray]s = ! ,city ( ,god1    
compil$ by ,g4 ,c4 ,b9yon 7,longmans72  
,pray]s = ,common ,use 7,univ]sities    
,mission to ,c5tral ,africa1 ,d>tm\?    
,/41 ,we/m9/]72 & ,sursum ,corda1 a     
,h&book ( ,int]cession & ,?anksgiv+ 1   
arrang$ by ,w4 ,h4 ,fr]e & ,a4 ,l4      

,ill+wor? 7,a4 ,e4 ,m[bray & ,co41      
,ltd474  ,pray] ne$ n be conf9$ to /at$ 
h\rs & times4 ,int]pret+ pray] at its   
wide/1 ! ideal %\ld be to pray )\t      
ceas+4 ,x 0 said ( an e>ly ,*ri/ian     
writ] t 8 life 0 "o cont9u\s pray]3 & x 
is well to =m ! habit ( inw>dly lift+ up
 ! he>t to ,,god f "t to "t 9 ! mid/ (  
daily c>es & bus9ess4 ,:]e ,*ur*es are  
kept op5 x is (t5 possible 9 pass+ to   
sp>e "t to ent] & kneel = two or ?ree   
m9utes 9 quiet & recollection be=e      
,,god3 b x is p]fectly possible to pray 
inw>dly at any "t & 9 any environm5t4   
,fix$ times ( pray]1 nev]!less1 !re mu/ 
also be3 & a man %\ld at lea/ pray 9 !  
morn+ ^u ris+ & 9 ! ev5+ be=e go+ to b$4
 ,if a "t c also be secur$ = midday     
pray]1 s mu* ! bett]3 b ?is is m        
difficult4 ,to h =m$ a really fix$ &    
/able habit ( daily pray] is an enorm\s 
/ep =w>ds 9 ,*ri/ian life4 ,mu* dep5ds  
^u le>n+ to rise regul>ly at a fix$ h\r 
be=e breakfa/3 & ?is 9 turn dep5ds ^u a 
regul>ity 9 go+ to b$1 :i* "u mod]n     

conditions ( life x is n always easy to 
a*ieve4 ,if a man is oblig$ to be up s  
late at night t x is morally c]ta9 t he 
w be too tir$ to pray ) mu* reality be=e
 turn+ 91 he %\ld endeav\r1 if x is at  
all possible1 to secure "s "t = pray] at
 an e>li] /age 9 ! ev5+4  ,difficulties 
9 ! life ( pray] beset ev]ybody4 ,?\ghts
 h a way ( w&]+1 ! say+ ( pray]s t5ds to
 become me*anical1 moods v>y1 & !re are 
times 9 mo/ m5's lives :5 !y feel x     
almo/ impossible to pray ) any s5se (   
reality4 ,a man %\ld n lightly be       
disc\rag$4 ,he may be recomm5d$ to rem9d
 himself t ,,god kn[s all ab\t x1 & t ! 
resolute (f]+ ( 8 w to ,,god at su*     
times1 9 defiance ( di/raction &        
difficulty1 has special value4 ,x is    
well to take ,god into "o's confid5ce4  
,if ,,god bores y1 tell ,him t ,he does4
 ,he is no exact+ tyrant1 b a ,fa!r c>+ 
= ,8 sons4 ,^? :o c>e to d s may f9d    
,pray] & "s ( its ,difficulties1 by !   
,rev4 ,w4 ,j4 ,c>ey 7,m[bray  ,co471 a  
helpful book to read 9 ?is connexion4   

,a f9al ^w may be said ) reg>d to a     
!oretical difficulty :i* _m p feel 9    
connexion ) ! int]cessory & petition>y  
sides ( pray]4 ,s9ce ,,god',s w1 x may  
be argu$1 is presumably go+ to be done 9
 any case1 & s9ce ,he kn[s ! real ne$s  
bo? ( ourselves & ( our fri5ds bett] ?an
 we d1 :at is ! po9t ( pray+ = !m8 ,to  
_m p x may be a suffici5t practical     
answ] to ref] to ! example & precept (  
,*ri/1 :o bo? taught & practis$         
int]cessory pray]4 ,b x is possible to g
 a little fur!r1 & to po9t out t x      
appe>s to be ,,god',s w1 n m]ely t su* &
 su* a ?+ %\ld be done1 b t x %\ld be   
done 9 response to our human pray]s4    
,true x is t y\r ,fa!r kn[e? :at ?+s ye 
h ne$ (1 be=e ye ask ,him3 b our ,"l    
emphasiz$ ?is tru?1 n z a r\nd = reg>d+ 
pray] z futile or unnecess>y1 b z a     
reason = pray+4 ,= pray] is an          
expression ( ! filial _s t[>ds our      
,fa!r1 & ! m simply & naturally we      
approa* ,,god z *ildr51 mak+ our        
petitions be=e ,him ) *ildlike he>ts1 ! 

m truly w our pray]s be 9 accordance ) t
 _s ( son%ip :i* is ! m9d ( ,*ri/4 ,at !
 same "t1 ! k t our ,fa!r is wis] z well
 z great] ?an we w =bid u to clam\r =   
:at 9 wisdom is d5i$ u1 & w 9 g5]al     
gov]n ! _s & scope ( our petitions4 ,j z
 our ,"l po9ts out t an e>?ly fa!r1 if  
ask$ = bread1 w n give 8 *ild a /one1 s 
conv]sely 9 ! exp]i5ce ( e ,*ri/ian x   
(t5 happ5s t 9 8 bl9dness he asks a     
/one1 & is giv5 bread4 ,b no ,*ri/ian w 
ask delib]ately & kn[+ly = /ones4       
,,*apt] ,,iii  ,,self-,,exam9ation ,,&  
,,rep5tance   ,! unexam9$ life1 said    
,plato1 is n wor? liv+4 ,simil> advice 0
 giv5 by ,m>cus ,aurelius4 ,! practice (
 self-exam9ation1 !re=e1 is n di/9ctive 
( ,*ri/ianity3 x is an obvi\s dictate ( 
wisdom1 :]ev] life & conduct are reg>d$ 
s]i\sly1 t a man %\ld f "t to "t take   
/ock ( himself 9 ! light ( 8 ideals &   
le>n to "k & recognize 9 detail :]e & h[
 he has fall5 %ort1 & :at are ! besett+ 
s9s & weaknesses aga9/ :i* he mu/       
cont5d4  ,! ,*ri/ian man w judge & try 8

 life by ! /&>ds ( ,*ri/1 ) gr[+        
s5sitiv5ess ( consci5ce z spiritual     
exp]i5ce deep5s3 n %r9k+ f ! confession 
( s9 & failure1 desir+ n to be          
self-deceiv$1 b to "k & to ackn[l$ge !  
tru?4 ,!re is no?+ 9 ?is ( priggi%ness  
or unreality4 ,x is a necess>y          
discipl9e4 ,! ,*ri/ian life is meant to 
be> ! fruit ( a "* develop+ 9 gr[+      
lik5ess to ! "* ( ,*ri/3 b none is      
sudd5ly made p]fect3 ! old ,adam dies   
h>d3 & ! ,*ri/ian by confession (       
repeat$ failure may at lea/ le>n !      
lesson ( humility & self-di/ru/4  ,!    
rightful complem5t ( self-di/ru/ is tru/
 9 ,,god3 ! rightful issue (            
self-exam9ation & confession is !       
realization ( div9e =giv5ess1 fre%      
c\rage1 & a new />t4 ,! v core ( !      
,gospel is "h4 ,he :o has bidd5 m5 =give
 ^? :o trespass aga9/ !m unto sev5ty    
times sev5 is n to be outdone 9 g5]osity
 by man4 ,b 9 ord] t s9 may be =giv5 x  
mu/ be ackn[l$g$ z s9 aga9/ ,,god &     
trea*]y to ,*ri/1 & rep5t$ ( ) true     

sorr[ ( he>t4 ,rep5tance is n m]e       
self-contempt1 self-pity1 or remorse4 ,x
 is sorr[ = s91 :i* has = its motive !  
love ( ,,god & ! realization t human s9 
meant & means 9 ! exp]i5ce ( ,,god !    
,cross4  ,no?+ s deep5s ! religi\s life 
z true rep5tance1 nor is !re any?+ s    
fatal to true religion z                
self-righte\sness4 ,if we say t we h no 
s91 we deceive ourselves1 & ! tru? is n 
9 u4 ,to :om little is =giv51 ! same    
love? little4 ,b ! fir/ pr]equisite (   
rep5tance is self-k--a difficult matt]4 
,gross c>nal (f5ces1 /rong & flagrant   
s9s1 if su* !re be1 are obvi\s & ^u !   
surface4 ,! subtl] s9s ( ! _s--         
?\ghtlessness1 = example1 or snobbi%ness
 or priggi%ness & pride--?\gh we are    
quick to rem>k ^u !m 9 o!rs1 are apt 9  
our own case to pass undetect$4 ,x is ! 
,_s :o conv9ces m5 ( s94 ,only z we are 
resolute to ent] into ! m9d ( ! ,_s c we
 hope to "k ourselves z 9 ! sight (     
,,god we really are4  ,! matt] is       
complicat$ by ! fact t ^? :o1 z ?+s are1

 mo/ sy/ematically practise             
self-exam9ation & confession ( s9 too   
(t5 view ! matt] 9 a some:at n>r[ly     
ecclesia/ical _s1 & make use ( =ms (    
self-exam9ation :i* mix up real & s]i\s 
moral (f5ces ) s9s :i* are m]ely        
c]emonial1 trivial1 or imag9>y1 z ?\gh !
 two /ood precisely ^u ! same level4 ,"o
 mu/ ab/a9 f sexual s9 & n g to diss5t+ 
places ( wor%ip2 "o mu/ n /eal & mu/ be 
sure to ab/a9 f meat on ,fridays4 ,a    
man's own s5se ( reality %\ld enable him
 to gu>d aga9/ ?is sort ( ?+1 & if fix$ 
=ms ( self- exam9ation are us$1 to use  
!m ) discretion4  ,! =ms mo/ commonly   
sugge/$ 9 manuals ( devotion are bas$ ^u
 ! ,t5 ,comm&m5ts4 ,?is is 9 accordance 
) ! tea*+ ( ! compil]s ( ! ,engli%      
,pray]-book1 :o1 aft] bidd+ int5d+      
communicants to se>* & exam9e _! own    
consci5ces 7& t n lightly1 & aft] !     
mann] ( dissembl]s ) ,,god71 proce$ to  
lay d[n t ! way & means !reto is3 ,fir/1
 to exam9e y\r lives & conv]sations by !
 rule ( ,god's comm&m5ts3 & :]e9soev] ye

 %all p]ceive y\rselves to h (f5d$1 ei!r
 by w1 ^w or de$1 !re to bewail y\r own 
s9fulness1 & to confess y\rselves to    
,almighty ,,god1 ) full purpose (       
am5dm5t ( life4  ,! ,comm&m5ts are1     
h[ev]1 z !y /&1 bo? negative 9 =m &     
,judai/ic 9 "*1 & if us$ 9 ?is way z a  
rule ( ,*ri/ian conduct mu/ be          
spiritualiz$ & re9t]pret$ 9 ! light ( ! 
,gospel4 ,! second & f\r? ,comm&m5ts1 9 
p>ticul>1 are 9 _! lit]al significance  
obsolete = ,*ri/ians3 x is a false      
,puritanism :i* w\ld =bid sculpture &   
religi\s symbolism 9 ! adornm5t ( a     
,*ri/ian *ur*1 nor is any "o 9 ! mod]n  
_w likely to confuse ! symbol ) ! ?+    
symboliz$3 :ile ! obs]vance ( ! ,sabba? 
is "p ( t old] c]emonial law f :i* ,s4  
,paul insi/$ t ,*ri/ian conv]ts %\ld be 
free 7,coloss4 ii4 #af74 ,!re is1 h[ev]1
 a spiritual idolatry :i* consi/s 9     
all[+ any o!r object ?an ! glory ( ,,god
 & ! do+ ( ,8 w to h ! prim>y place 9 ! 
det]m9ation ( conduct--!re are m5 :o    
wor%ip money1 or com=t1 or ambition1 or 

_! own dome/ic happ9ess1 or ev5         
!mselves4 ,& ! ,comm&m5t ab\t ! ,sabba?1
 ?\gh x has no lit]al value to-day 7&   
c]ta9ly no direct be>+ ^u ! sanction or 
significance ( ,sunday7 may s]ve to     
sugge/ ! important pr9ciple t a man is  
responsible be=e ,,god = ! use he makes 
( 8 "t1 & t x is a religi\s duty 7n     
conf9$ to any p>ticul> day ( ! week7 to 
di/ribute x 9 due proportion1 accord+ to
 circum/ance & opportunity1 ) prop]     
reg>d to ! rightful claims ( "w1 (      
wor%ip1 & ( recreation & re/4 ,! rema9+ 
,comm&m5ts are capable ( be+ simil>ly   
int]pret$ z sugge/+ broad positive      
pr9ciples r ?an z m]ely prohibit+ wrong 
actions ( a p>ticul> & def9ite k9d3 & s 
treat$ !y =m z conv5i5t a framework z   
any o!r = a s*eme ( que/ions =          
self-exam9ation4  ,x is possible1 h[ev]1
 t "s m5 may pref] to use z _! basis "s 
/&>d m di/9ctively ,*ri/ian ?an ! anci5t
 law ( ,judaism--= example1 !           
,beatitudes 7,matt4 v4 #a-ab7 or !      
fruits ( ! ,_s 7,gal4 v4 #bb74 ,a man w 

9 any case d well ei!r to frame or to   
adapt 8 own s*eme = self-exam9ation1 )  
special reg>d paid to :atev] he may     
discov] by exp]i5ce to be a besett+ s9  
or weakness1 or a temptation to :i* he  
is p>ticul>ly expos$4 ,x %\ld be        
rememb]$ t ! measure ( :at is wrong 9 a 
man's life is ! measure ( ! contra/     
betwe5 8 "* & t ( ,*ri/1 & t ! *ief     
flaws 9 ,*ri/ian "* & a*ievem5t 7:i* are
 also ^? mo/ likely to pass undetect$7  
are n uncommonly su* z fall "u ! head ( 
s9s ( omission r ?an ( commission--!    
leav+ undone ( :at ought to h be5 done1 
! failure to exhibit positively 9       
relation to ,,god & man ! qualities (   
fai? & hope & love4 ,a man %\ld ask     
himself :]e9 he has *iefly fail$1 & come
 %ort ( ! glory ( ,,god3 :e!r he is     
loyally obs]v+ any self-impos$ rule (   
life & discipl9e1 & fulfill+ any        
resolutions :i* may h be5 made1 or any  
obligations :i* h be5 und]tak54 ,hav+   
made 9 ?is mann] an hone/ attempt to    
discov] 8 own %ortcom+s & failures be=e 

,,god1 let him ) equal hone/y confess   
!m1 seek =giv5ess1 & 9 ! _s ( rep5tance 
& re/or$ son%ip />t aga94  ,! late      
,lieut5ant ,donald ,hankey1 bett] kn[n z
 ,a ,/ud5t 9 ,arms1 criticizes ,*ur*m5 (
 a c]ta9 type z be+ un:olesomely        
preoccupi$ ) ! ?\ght ( _! s9s1 & all[+  
_! consci5ces to become a burd5 to !m4  
,!y %\ld1 he says1 '?9k less ( !mselves1
 & tru/ ! ,holy ,_s m4 ,! advice is     
excell5t3 b morbid scrupulosity is n a  
common fault ( ,engli% laym54 ,! habit1 
z ,mr4 ,*e/]ton expresses x1 ( *opp+ up 
life into small s9s ) a hat*et is1 (    
c\rse1 to be avoid$3 b ! purpose (      
self-exam9ation & self-k is n to        
enc\rage morbid introspection1 b by     
frank ackn[l$gm5t & rep5tance to get rid
 ( ! pa/ & ) recov]$ hope & s]5ity to   
rea* =w>d t[>ds ! future4 ,a man _c walk
 9 ! ,_s unless he is inw>dly "r )      
,,god4  ,) reg>d to sacram5tal          
confession1 ! rule ( ! ,*ur* ( ,engl& is
 sane & cle>4 ,x may be express$ by say+
 t none mu/1 b all may1 & "s %\ld make  

use ( x4 ,9 ! case ( a consci5ce s]i\sly
 burd5$ 9 su* a way t a man hesitates to
 pres5t himself = ,holy ,communion      
unabsolv$1 to g to confession is        
obvi\sly ! "r rem$y4 ,!re are o!r cases 
9 :i* m5 f9d by exp]i5ce t x helps !m to
 be m hone/ & c&id ) !mselves1 ) ,,god1 
& ) ! ,*ur*1 if !y g to confession f "t 
to "t z a piece ( self-discipl9e & a    
ne$$ spiritual tonic4 ,yet o!rs discov] 
t !y fl\nd] less 9 spiritual ?+s1 & t _!
 religi\s life is deep5$ & made /rong]1 
if !y place !mselves = a "t "u wise     
direction4 ,sy/ematic direction1 (      
c\rse1 has obvi\s dang]s4 ,x may t5d to 
de/roy indep5d5ce ( "*4 ,x may cause a  
man to become prie/- ridd54 ,b ! dang]s 
are n inevitable1 & !re are )\t d\bt    
cases 9 :i* x is ( value4 ,mu* obvi\sly 
dep5ds ^u ! wisdom & common s5se ( !    
director4 ,! ,pray]-book ref]s p5it5ts  
to a discreet & le>n$ m9i/] ( ,,god',s  
,^w4 ,if a man proposes to practise     
habitual confession he w d well to      
assure himself ( ! discretion & le>n+ ( 

! prie/ ^: help he seeks4  ,! me?od (   
mak+ a sacram5tal confession is simple4 
,self- exam9ation is made be=eh&1 !     
results be+1 if ne$ be1 writt5 d[n1 ei!r
 9 full1 or 9 ! =m ( notes to assi/ !   
memory4 ,a fir/ confession %\ld cov] !  
:ole life s f> z rememb]$1 f *ildhood   
upw>ds3 subsequ5t confessions ! p]iod   
s9ce ! la/ 0 made4 ,! confession %\ld   
aim at complet5ess1 an ef=t be+ made to 
rememb] n only specific acts ( wrongdo+1
 b slight fail+s & weaknesses ( "* & !  
g5]al l9es & t5d5cies ( faulty spiritual
 developm5t4 ,symptoms %\ld1 if         
possible1 be di/+ui%$ f causes1 habits &
 t5d5cies & besett+ s9s f isolat$ acts4 
,cases 9 :i* a s9 has be5 delib]ate %\ld
 be not$ z su*3 b !re %\ld be no dwell+ 
^u ext5uat+ circum/ances or int]m+l+ (  
claims to virtues or graces ( "* ) !    
admission ( defects4 ,no names may be   
m5tion$1 nor may ?ird p]sons be         
incrim9at$ by any =m ( words :i* w\ld   
enable ! confessor to recognize _!      
id5tity4 ,! prie/ he>s ! confession     

sitt+ 9 a *air4 ,! p5it5t kneels beside 
him & confesses z foll[s3--,i confess to
 ,,god ,almighty1 ! ,fa!r1 ! ,son & !   
,holy ,gho/1 be=e ! :ole company (      
heav51 & be=e y1 t ,i h s9n$ 9 ?\ght1   
^w1 & de$1 by my own fault4 ,especially 
,i accuse myself t 7s9ce my la/         
confession1 :i* 0444ago7 ,i h committ$ !
 foll[+ s9s4444 ,"h foll[s ! confession 
9 detail3 aft] :i*4 444 ,= ^! & all my  
o!r s9s :i* ,i _c n[ rememb]1 ,i humbly 
ask p>don ( ,,god1 & ( y1 fa!r1 p5ance1 
c\nsel & absolution4 ,:]e=e ,i ask ,,god
 to h m]cy ^u me1 & y to pray = me to ! 
,"l our ,,god4 ,am54  ,! confessor !n   
gives advice & c\nsel accord+ to 8      
wisdom1 commonly imposes a p5ance1 & if 
assur$ ( ! s9c]ity ( ! p5it5t1 pron\nces
 absolution accord+ to ! =m prescrib$ 9 
! ,pray]-book ,(fice = ! ,visitation ( !
 ,sick4     ,,*apt] ,,iv  ,,corporate   
,,wor%ip ,,& ,,communion   ,! really    
ess5tial ?+ is ! ,communion4 ,!re may be
 m9or outw>d diff]5ces z to ! mann] (   
its celebration3 y %all f9d 9 "o p>i% a 

tradition ( ,puritan b>5ess1 9 ano!r a  
full & ri* c]emonial symbolism1 ) lights
 & ve/m5ts4 ,a man may h 8 p]sonal      
pref]5ces1 b x is a mi/ake to atta*     
undue importance ei!r to ! pres5ce or to
 ! abs5ce ( ! ext]nal adjuncts ( wor%ip4
 ,:at matt]s is ! ,body & ,blood (      
,*ri/4  ,a man mu/ h 8 own regul> rule )
 reg>d to ,communion4 ,to communicate   
spasmodically or ^u impulse at irregul> 
int]vals is n ! way to build up a /able 
,*ri/ian "*4 ,:]e circum/ances make     
possible ! lead+ ( a fairly regul> life 
& give adequate opportunity = prep>ation
 be=eh&1 weekly communion is ! be/ rule4
 ,:]e ?is is n possible1 a =tnightly or 
ev5 a mon?ly rule may 9 p>ticul> cases  
be ! be/4  ,prep>ation = ,communion %\ld
 be real1 b ne$ n be elaborate4 ,x %\ld 
be made ov]night1 & %\ld include a      
review ( ! p]iod s9ce ! la/ ,communion 0
 made1 pray]s = p>don & new resolves1 if
 possible a %ort m$itation on ! ess5tial
 mean+ ( ! ,sacram5t1 & ! selection ( "s
 p>ticul> !me to be ! focus (           

int]cession at ! s]vice itself4  ,at !  
actual s]vice x is well to arrive e>ly1 
) a few mom5ts to sp>e = quiet &        
recollect$ pray] be=e ! ,liturgy beg9s4 
,! fir/ "p ( ! s]vice is prep>atory4    
,any pauses or int]vals %\ld be fill$ up
 by private pray]s4,footnote3 ,=ms &    
sugge/ions :i*1 may be us$ by ^? :o f9d 
!m helpful are provid$ = ?is purpose 9  
any manual ( devotion4 ,f ! mom5t (     
consecration until ! end ( ! s]vice !   
m9d %\ld be conc5trat$ z f> z possible  
^u ! ?\ght ( ,*ri/'s realiz$ ,pres5ce4  
,a man %\ld g up to ! alt> to receive   
,communion z "o desir+ to meet 8 ,"l &  
to be r5ew$ 9 ,him1 return+ subsequ5tly 
to 8 place to r5d] ?anks = s great a    
,gift4 ,:5 ! s]vice is ov] x is be/ n to
 hurry out ( *ur*1 b to l+] = fur!r     
?anksgiv+ & pray] z occasion s]ves4  ,x 
is an anci5t rule or cu/om ( ! ,*ur* to 
receive ,holy ,communion fa/+1 giv+     
prec$5ce to ! food ( ! s\l ov] t ( !    
body4 ,to insi/ rigidly ^u su* a rule 9 
any & e set ( circum/ances is a piece ( 

un9tellig5t & un*ri/ian legalism3 b _m  
p]sons are ( op9ion t to obs]ve x :]ev] 
x is reasonably possible to d s makes = 
reality4 ,!re is a real value 9 ! elem5t
 ( asceticism & self-discipl9e involv$ 9
 ! ef=t to rise e>ly & come fa/+ to     
*ur*3 & ! fa/ may be int]pret$ z a k9d (
 outw>d sacram5t ( ! inw>d reality (    
spiritual prep>ation--a prep>ation ( !  
body correspond+ to ! prep>ation ( !    
s\l1 ,x is1 moreov]1 an advantage ( !   
e>ly morn+ h\r t ! m9d is undi/ract$ by 
! occupations & div]sions ( ! day4 ,=   
all ^! reasons ! e>ly morn+ ,communion  
is to be pref]r$ to ,communion at a lat]
 h\r4  ,:e!r a man is a weekly          
communicant or n1 he %\ld 9 any case be 
pres5t z a wor%ipp] at ,holy ,communion 
,sunday by ,sunday1 & %\ld reg>d        
att5dance at ! weekly ,eu*>i/ z ! mo/   
ess5tial "p ( *ur*-go+4 ,no "o :o makes 
x a rule ( 8 life to be pres5t on       
,sundays & o!r fe/ivals ( ! ,*ur* at    
,holy ,communion ev] has cause to regret
 hav+ done s4  ,a man :o = any reason   

7e4g4 by ! nature ( 8 employm5t7 is     
deb>r$ f att5d+ regul>ly on ,sundays    
%\ld1 if possible1 secure an opportunity
 ( regul> att5dance at ,holy ,communion 
on a week-day4 ,!re are usually *ur*es  
to be f\nd1 at lea/ 9 ! t[ns1 :i* h an  
e>ly morn+ ,eu*>i/ daily ?r\gh\t ! week3
 & advantage c also be tak5 ( ?is if on 
any p>ticul> occasion ! regul> ,sunday  
,communion has be5 miss$4 ,if nei!r     
,sunday nor week-day opportunities are  
available1 ! ne$ %\ld be met by :at is  
kn[n z spiritual communion3 t is to say1
 a man %\ld read ov] ! ,liturgy 9       
private1 unite himself 9 _s ) ! ,eu*>i/ 
z celebrat$ 9 ! p>ticul> *ur* ) :i* he  
happ5s to be mo/ famili> 7z repres5t+ = 
him ! wor%ip ( ! ,*ur* ,univ]sal71 &    
pray t he may receive ! spiritual       
b5efits ( ,communion ?\gh depriv$ = ! "t
 be+ ( ! actual ,sacram5t4 ,ap>t f !    
e>ly s]vice1 :i* is n[ almo/ univ]sal1  
s*emes ( wor%ip ^u ,sunday morn+s v>y 9 
diff]5t p>i%es4 ,9 "s *ur*es ,mat9s &   
,litany are sung & a s]mon prea*$1 a    

late ,eu*>i/ )\t music be+ commonly     
celebrat$ ab\t noon3 9 o!r p>i%es ,mat9s
 is said quietly )\t music at a         
comp>atively e>ly h\r1 & ! ,eu*>i/ is   
solemnly sung1 ) a s]mon1 z ! pr9cipal  
s]vice ( ! =5oon1 usually )\t m ?an a v 
limit$ numb] ( communicants1 p>tly      
because if ! bulk ( ! congregation      
communicate at a sung ,eu*>i/ ! s]vice  
becomes intol]ably long1 & p>tly because
 ! majority ( ^? desir+ to receive      
,communion h done s fa/+ at an e>li]    
h\r4  ,9 l>ge t[ns a man c usually f9d  
*ur*es ( ei!r type accord+ to 8         
pref]5ce4 ,9 s+le-*ur* areas he ought = 
! sake ( fell[%ip & good example to     
con=m1 z a rule1 to :at is cu/om>y4 ,x  
is desirable1 9 a g5]al way1 to be      
id5tifi$ ) ! corporate wor%ip ( ! p>i%3 
b x is wor? rem>k+ t1 ap>t f ! weight   
due to ?is g5]al consid]ation1 !re is no
 p>ticul> sacr$ness ab\t ! h\r ( elev5  
o'clock1 & a man :o has communicat$ be=e
 breakfa/1 & p]haps contemplates        
att5dance1 lat] on1 at ,ev5song1 may n  

unreasonably feel ju/ifi$ 9 devot+ !    
=5oon ( ,sunday 7:i* is usually 8       
solit>y morn+'s leisure 9 ! week7 to o!r
 purposes ?an ^? ( wor%ip4 ,if ! prea*] 
is wor? li/5+ to 7:i* is n inv>iably !  
case7 x is a good ?+ to g & he> him3 & x
 is well1 !re=e1 to att5d "o or o!r ( ! 
s]vices 7morn+ or ev5+7 at :i* a s]mon  
is prea*$4 ,b x is n ess5tial to att5d  
bo?3 & ! "q may be rais$ :e!r "o s]mon a
 ,sunday is n z mu* z mo/ m5 c pr(itably
 dige/4 ,a s]mon is 9 any case 7except  
at ! ,eu*>i/7 a deta*able app5dix to a  
,*ur* s]vice2 & x is bo? possible &     
legitimate ei!r to att5d ! s]vice &     
leave ! *ur* be=e ! s]mon1 or to avoid !
 s]vice & come 9 "t to he> ! s]mon1     
accord+ to pref]5ce or opportunity4  ,z 
reg>ds ext]nal details ( obs]vance1     
kneel+1 & n squatt+1 %\ld be ! attitude 
adopt$ = pray]4 ,x is cu/om>y to turn   
ea/w>ds = ! ,cre$1 & 9 "s *ur*es1 ?\gh n
 9 o!rs1 to kneel at ! ref]5ce to !     
,inc>nation 9 ! c\rse ( ! ,nic5e ,cre$4 
,x is also a common practice 9 "s *ur*es

 to g5uflect 7i4e4 to drop = a mom5t ^u 
"o knee7 on ris+ f "o's place to g up to
 ! alt> to communicate1 9 rev]5ce = !   
,bless$ ,sacram5t4 ,a man %\ld adapt 8  
p]sonal usage 9 ^! m9or details to      
:atev] appe>s to be cu/om>y 9 ! p>ticul>
 *ur* 9 :i* he is wor%ipp+4  ,x is (t5  
extremely difficult = ! cl]gy to "k     
p]sonally ! m5 ( _! congregations1 s9ce 
x is r>e 9 mo/ neighb\rhoods = ! m5 to  
be at home dur+ ! h\rs :5 x is possible 
= ! cl]gy to visit4 ,9 ^! circum/ances a
 man ought to be will+ to take !        
initiative 9 mak+ himself kn[n to !     
cl]gy ( 8 p>i%1 & to co-op]ate z f> z   
possible 9 any ef=t :i* may be made1    
?r\gh p>o*ial ,*ur* ,c\ncils or o!rwise1
 to develop ! _s ( fell[%ip 9 a         
congregation4 ,!re is v (t5 ab\t        
,anglican ,*ur* wor%ip a /iffness &     
frigidity :i* badly ne$s to be brok5    
d[n4 ,appropriat$ seats1 :]e !y exi/1   
are a p>ticul> curse1 & any?+ :i* c be  
done 9 ! way ( ab&on+ *os5 seats1 ev5 if
 b\ght & paid =1 to /rang]s 9 ! int]e/s 

( *>ity is a real piece ( ,*ri/ian      
s]vice4 ,a /rang] ought n to be made to 
feel uncom=table1 b to be welcom$ 9 e   
possible way4 ,! ideal is t e *ur*1 9 e 
"p ( x1 %\ld be free & op5 at all times 
to all com]s4     ,,*apt] ,v  ,,!       
,,devotional ,,use ,,( ,,! ,,bible   ,x 
is to be fe>$ t ! habit ( read+ ! ,bible
 9 private = purposes ( devotion has    
l>gely dropp$ out ( mod]n usage1 p>tly  
by reason ( ! g5]al /ress & urg5cy (    
mod]n life1 & p>tly because m5 d n q "k 
:at to make ( ! ,bible :5 !y read x4 ,!y
 are aw>e ( ! exi/5ce ( :at are call$   
critical que/ions1 b !y d n "k precisely
 ! k9d ( diff]5ces :i* criticism has    
made4 ,x is a pity to acquiesce 9 an    
attitude ( ?is k9d1 & x is greatly to be
 desir$ t ! habit ( read+ ! ,bible      
regul>ly & becom+ famili> ) its cont5ts 
%\ld be reviv$4  ,!re are two di/9ct    
me?ods ( read+ ! ,bible :i* are ( value4
 ,"o is to take a p>ticul> book & to    
read x /raight ?r\gh l a novel1 9 ord]  
to get ! impression ( ! writ]'s message 

z a :ole4 ,advantage may be tak5 (      
occasional opportunities ( ,sunday or   
week-day leisure = ?is purpose4 ,if !   
book is /udi$ ) ! help ( a good         
comm5t>y1 s mu* ! bett]4 ,a man :o w\ld 
be a%am$ to be :olly unfamili> ) mod]n  
or classical lit]ature ought to be      
equally a%am$ to be :olly unfamili> ) ! 
lit]ature ( ! ,hebrews4  ,! second me?od
 ( read+ ! ,bible consi/s 9 ! devotional
 /udy ( p>ticul> passages1 sometimes    
call$ by ! =midable "n ( m$itation4 ,!  
p>ts ( ! ,bible be/ adapt$ = ?is purpose
 are ! ,gospels1 c]ta9 portions ( !     
,epi/les1 _m ( ! ,psalms1 & portions ( !
 great] ,prophets4 ,! ess5ce ( ! me?od  
is to read ov] a %ort passage quietly   
aft] pray] = spiritual guidance1 to     
br[se ov] x = a few m9utes & foll[ out  
any tra9 ( ?\ght :i* may be sugge/$ by  
x1 to apply its message 9 :atev] way may
 seem mo/ real & practical to !         
spiritual problems ( imm$iate daily     
life1 & to conclude ) pray] & resolution
 = ! future4 ,x is n practicable = !    

majority ( m5 to make su* a m$itation a 
matt] ( daily habit1 ?\gh ?is may easily
 be possible = p ( leisure4 ,b x may be 
sugge/$ t x is bo? practicable &        
abundantly wor? :ile = ord9>y p to allot
 at lea/ half an h\r a week = su* a     
purpose4 ,our fa!rs unque/ionably f$ &  
nurtur$ _! s\ls to an extraord9>y degree
 by spiritual read+4 ,x ought to be     
possible = mod]n p1 9 spite ( mod]n     
di/ractions1 to acquire & ma9ta9 !      
capacity to d ! same4     ,,*apt] ,,vi  
,,almsgiv+ ,,& ,,fa/+   ,! two ?+s 7    
orig9ally closely connect$4 ,m5 fa/$ 9  
ord] to give to o!rs ! sav+s :i* result$
 f a r$uc$ exp5diture on p]sonal ne$s4  
,l5t sav+s repres5t a mod]n revival (   
?is idea4 ,! ess5ce ( ,*ri/ian almsgiv+ 
is t x %\ld be ! expression ( ,*ri/ian  
*>ity or love3 & love means ! will+ness 
to s]ve o!rs1 at co/ to self4 ,gifts &  
subscriptions :i* repres5t m]ely !      
l>gess ( a man's sup]fluity & co/ no?+ 9
 ! way ( p]sonal self-d5ial are n really
 9 ?is s5se almsgiv+4 ,! ,gospel pref]s 

! wid['s mite to ! ri* man's l>ge b n   
really g5]\s contribution1 9 cases :]e !
 l>g] sum repres5ts ! less] p]sonal co/4
  ,x 0 ! rule ( ! anci5t ,jewi% ,law t a
 man %\ld give away a t5? "p ( :at he   
possess$1 b ?is ought n to be adopt$ "u 
mod]n conditions z a lit]al precept4 ,! 
poor _c af=d to sp>e s l>ge a fraction (
 _! incomes4 ,! weal?y c 9 _m cases give
 away a mu* l>g] proportion )\t feel+   
p>ticul>ly /9t$4 ,x is ! duty ( e man ^:
 income is above ! l9e ( actual pov]ty  
7i4e4 exce$s :at is necess>y = ! lit]al 
subsi/5ce 9 food1 %elt]1 & clo?+ (      
himself & ^? dep5d5t ^u him = support7  
to consid] ) 8 own consci5ce be=e ,,god 
:at proportion %\ld be set aside =      
educational & o!r purposes1 & :at       
proportion %\ld be directly giv5 away 9 
*>ity4 ,anonym\s subscriptions are !    
be/1 & ! am\nt available = di/ribution  
%\ld be c>efully allocat$ z betwe5 rival
 claims4 ,details1 ( c\rse1 mu/ v>y3 b a
 c]ta9 proportion %\ld 9 any case be    
giv5 = ! purposes ( directly religi\s "w

 at home & abroad4 ,a man :o really     
believes 9 ! univ]sality ( ! ,gospel w 9
 p>ticul> subscribe to ! full ext5t ( 8 
capacity to =eign missions4  ,) reg>d to
 fa/+ x has be5 sugge/$ 9 an e>li] *apt]
 ( ?is book t !re %\ld be "s p]sonal    
rule ( self-d5ial 9 a man's life4 ,a    
table ( fa/s & days ( ab/95ce is pr9t$ 9
 ! ,pray]-book1 ?\gh ! ,*ur* ( ,engl&   
does n normally prescribe 9 detail h[   
su* days are to be obs]v$4 ,x is wor?   
rem>k+ t ! _s is n necess>ily 9         
contradiction to ! lett]2 b meticul\s   
outw>d obs]vances are n ( ! ess5ce (    
,*ri/ianity1 nor is x desirable to      
obtrude su* obs]vances 9 an o/5tati\s   
mann] 9 mix$ society4 ,! rule ( !       
,gospel ) reg>d bo? to almsgiv+ & to    
fa/+ is t su* ?+s %\ld be done 9 secret4
 ,x is usual1 h[ev]1 = ,*ur* p1 at lea/ 
9 normal circum/ances1 to pay "s special
 reg>d to ! obs]vance ( ,l5t1 &         
p>ticul>ly ( ,holy ,week1 z a season (  
fa/+ & self-d5ial1 & also 7) a less     
degree ( /rictness7 to ! f\r weeks (    

,adv5t z lead+ up to ,*ri/mas4 ,x is a  
good ?+ to ent] into ! obs]vance ( ^! & 
o!r seasons ( ! ,*ri/ian ye> s f> z     
circum/ances p]mit3 & at ! lea/ to make 
a po9t1 if x is at all possible1 ( read+
 dur+ ,l5t & ,adv5t a m or less s]i\s   
book ( a religi\s or !ological k9d1 or 9
 o!r ways endeav\r+ to deep51 by "s     
special practice or obs]vance1 ! inw>d  
devotional life4 ,! ,sunday ,collects1  
,epi/les1 & ,gospels are ( c\rse appo9t$
 ) special ref]5ce to ! significance ( !
 v>i\s seasons 9 ! ,*ur*'s ye>1 &       
provide suitable passages = private     
m$itation at su* times4 ,advantage may  
also be tak5 ( ! special c\rses ( s]mons
 & additional s]vices provid$ 9 almo/ e 
p>i% dur+ ! seasons ( ,l5t & ,adv5t4    
,loyalty to ! ,bro!rhood 9 matt]s ev5 ( 
m9or obs]vance is a great pr9ciple to be
 borne 9 m9d 9 ?is connexion4 ,!re is   
usually a me?od 9 ! ,*ur*'s madness1 &  
h] prescriptions & c\nsels are ! product
 ( a v consid]able empirical acqua9tance
 ) ! work+s ( ! human s\l4  ,,! ,,end