,transcriber's ,note3  ,there are       
variations in the spelling of local     
words1 in the use of hyphens1 and in the
 placement of quotation marks4 ,these   
have been retained4  ,apparent          
typographical errors have been          
corrected4  ,italics are indicated by   
underscores4 ,small capitals have been  
replaced by full capitals4              
,illustration3 ,w4 ,j4 ,elmslie         
,,seedtime ,,in ,,kashmir3   ,a ,,memoir
  ,,of  ,,william ,,jackson ,,elmslie1  
,m4,a41 ,m4,d41 ,f4,r4,c4,s4,e41 ,,etc1 
,,late ,,medical ,,missionary1 ,c4 ,m4  
,s41 ,,kashmir1   ,,by  ,,his ,,widow2  
,,and  ,,his ,,friend1 ,w4 ,,burns      
,,thomson1  ,,medical ,,missionary4     
,,london3  ,,james ,,nisbet  ,,co41 #ba 
,,berners ,,street4  #ahge4             
,,preface4   ,it would have gratified me
 had this memoir of ,dr4 ,elmslie been  
placed1 at an earlier date1 in the hands
 of his friends2 but circumstances1 that
 need not be recorded here1 caused      
delay4  ,an earnest desire was expressed

 that it should be published1 at the    
latest1 by ,christmas2 and1 in meeting  
this wish1 ,i have found it impossible  
to afford ,mrs4 ,elmslie1 who is in     
,india1 an opportunity of revising the  
work1-to the value of which she has     
contributed largely1-prior to its       
publication2 and so ,i regard myself as 
responsible for the selection and       
setting of the matter it contains4  ,i  
owe thanks to those who have sent me    
reminiscences of ,dr4 ,elmslie1 or who  
have accommodated me with the use of    
letters which they received from him4   
,i trust this brief memoir of a manly1  
earnest student2 a dutiful son2 a       
devoted medical missionary2 and a true1 
steadfast friend1 may be blessed to do  
good1 in answer to the much prayer that 
has accompanied its preparation4  ,w4   
,,burns ,,thomson4  ,,medical           
,,mission-,,house1 #a ,,ramsay          
,,gardens1 ,,edinburgh1 ,december #ahgd4
     ,,contents4                        
,,page       ,i4 ,,early ,,life         

#a     ,,ii4 ,,school ,,and ,,college   
,,life                                  
#h    ,,iii4 ,,medical ,,student ,,life 
,,in ,,aberdeen                         
#ag     ,,iv4 ,,medical ,,student ,,life
 ,,in ,,edinburgh                       
#cj      ,v4 ,,journey ,,to ,,india     
#de     ,,vi4 ,,from ,,calcutta ,,to    
,,kashmir                               
#ed    ,,vii4 ,,kashmir-,,its ,,people1 
,,etc4                                  
#gj   ,,viii4 ,,work ,,in ,,kashmir     
#hg     ,,ix4 ,,wayside ,,ministries    
,,and ,,work ,,in ,,amritsar            
#aag      ,x4 ,,second ,,year',s ,,work 
,,in ,,kashmir                          
#acc     ,,xi4 ,,work ,,in ,,chamba     
#aeg    ,,xii4 ,,third ,,year',s ,,work 
,,in ,,kashmir                          
#agc   ,,xiii4 ,,visit ,,to ,,calcutta1 
,,and ,,work ,,in ,,amritsar            
#bjj    ,,xiv4 ,,fourth ,,year',s ,,work
 ,,in ,,kashmir                         
#bji     ,,xv4 ,,wayside ,,ministries   
,,and ,,work ,,in ,,kashmir             

#bbe    ,,xvi4 ,,the ,,training ,,of    
,,native ,,medical ,,missionaries       
#bch   ,,xvii4 ,,female ,,medical       
,,missionaries                          
#bdf  ,,xviii4 ,,home ,,visit           
#bea    ,,xix4 ,,last ,,year',s ,,work  
,,in ,,kashmir                          
#bei     ,,xx4 ,,last ,,journey ,,and   
,,death                                 
#bga    ,,xxi4 ,,conclusion             
#bgi     ,,memoir4     ,,chapter ,i4    
,,early ,,life4   ,on the #bith ,june   
#ahcb1 the subject of this memoir was   
born in ,aberdeen to ,james and ,barbara
 ,elmslie4 ,their eldest child1 a little
 girl1 had been taken from them shortly 
before his birth1 so the mother called  
,william her son of consolation1 and    
most tenderly did she cherish this      
first-born son during the early years of
 his life4 ,the family was in tolerably 
comfortable circumstances1 as the father
 a boot-closer1 was a clever tradesman1 
and had plenty of work4 ,william's      
earliest memories were of a home in     

which his mother's presence was always  
pre-eminently felt as the source of     
comfort and love4 ,mrs4 ,elmslie was no 
ordinary woman4 ,she was blessed with a 
vigorous intellect1 a large measure of  
common sense1 much ingenuity and        
forethought1 and a certain combination  
of qualities that gave her the power to 
interest1 to warm1 to comfort1 and to   
command2 and all was pervaded by the    
spirit of an unostentatious             
,christianity4 ,her childhood had been  
spent among the sea-faring people of    
,cromarty1 amidst those scenes now made 
familiar to the world by ,hugh ,miller's
 sketches of his early home4 ,her       
father1 ,william ,lawrence1 as captain  
of a vessel which sailed to all parts of
 the world1 had an adventurous history2 
and the details of his experience1 fresh
 in her own memory1 were graphically    
conveyed to her boy2 and it was his     
delight to sit beside her and listen to 
these wonderful stories4 ,he thus       
imbibed much useful information2 his    

imagination was stirred2 and the spirit 
of enterprise unconsciously fostered4   
,the quiet life in ,aberdeen was varied 
by occasional visits to his paternal    
grandfather at ,ballater1 and deep and  
fruitful impressions of the beauties of 
nature were gained amid the grand       
mountain scenery of his native land4 ,as
 ,william was delicate1 when a child1 he
 was not much given to the romps of     
other boys2 but preferred staying beside
 his mother1 who was always to him a    
treasury of comfort and knowledge4      
,having1 through industry and economy1  
succeeded in saving a little money1     
,william's father1 with the view of     
improving his fortune1 removed with his 
family to ,london2 but1 as might have   
been foreseen1 the change was not a     
happy one4 ,a stranger in the mighty    
crowd of busy men1 he soon found that   
money was not more easily won there than
 in his native country2 and after       
struggling on for a year1 without       
meeting the hoped for tide of           

prosperity1 his health failed1 and he   
became seriously ill4 ,worn out with    
constant watching and care ,mrs4        
,elmslie was seized with typhus fever1  
of so malignant a type1 that their one  
servant fled from the house in terror4  
,the picture of the little household is 
most touching4 ,the father is still     
prostrate through weakness2 the mother  
raves in the delirium of fever2 and the 
only attendant is a child eight years of
 age6 ,his sense of responsibility2 his 
distress at witnessing so much          
suffering2 and his alarm1 caused by the 
mysterious mutterings of his much loved 
mother1 broke in rudely upon the sweet  
dreams of childhood1 and set him face to
 face with stern realities4 ,but matters
 grew worse4 ,a physician had           
occasionally dropped in upon them1 and  
now his aid is indispensable2 but where 
is he to be found8 ,the servant1 who    
might have told1 is gone2 the mother is 
unconscious2 and the father does not    
know2 and so the brave boy sallies forth

 to seek him in the crowded streets of  
,london6 ,as he wanders along he scans  
eagerly the face of every one who seems 
like the friend he so much needs1 but in
 vain2 the busy stream of human beings  
rushes past unheeding1 and he feels     
utterly desolate and in despair4 ,unable
 longer to bear up1 he stands still1 his
 young heart bursting under its         
accumulated sorrows1 and through his    
tears sends up to heaven the cry1 ,god  
help me6 ,that is the burden of his     
prayer4 ,the lessons of his mother bear 
fruit in the hour of trial4 ,right      
speedily comes the answer4 ,a passer by 
stops1 asks what is wrong1 and the child
 explains4 ,he is directed to a house   
close at hand1 where he finds not a     
doctor merely1 but a friend1-a friend   
whose unwearied care and kindness are   
never to be forgotten4 ,soon after1     
,william too was prostrated by the      
dreadful fever2 but this good physician 
watched over him and never remitted his 
generous kindnesses-which were          

administered in every needful form-till 
he saw the little family safely away    
from the great city on their return to  
,aberdeen4 ,when ,dr4 ,elmslie arrived  
in ,london on his return from ,india in 
#ahgj1 one of his first visits was to   
the house of this friend1 but he was not
 there2 and he could not discover       
whether he still lived1 or had gone to  
reap his reward from ,him who said1     
,inasmuch as ye have done it unto one of
 the least of these1 my brethren1 ye    
have done it unto me4  ,strange to say1 
,william's father seemed to give himself
 little thought about the education of  
his boys1 and insisted that ,william    
should follow his own humble trade2 and 
so the child was fully set apart to the 
service of ,st4 ,crispin when only nine 
years of age4 ,it was impossible the    
slender youth could attempt any heavy   
kind of work1 and so of necessity he    
stood1 in his new calling1 on a platform
 a grade higher than that occupied by   
the venerable ,carey1 who boasted that  

he was only a cobbler4 ,he excelled1    
writes ,mr4 ,william ,martin1 specially 
in the finer departments of the work1   
which required great care and attention2
 and many a weary hour he spent at it1  
when other boys were fast asleep1 that  
he might earn sufficient to pay his fees
 and augment the comforts of the mother 
whom he loved so well4 ,william soon    
became so expert that he was able to    
turn out a greater quantity of          
first-rate work1 in a given time1 than  
almost any competitor4 ,this not only   
sensibly improved the domestic finance1 
but won for him a little leisure1 which 
he devoted to his much loved books4  ,it
 is good to bear the yoke in one's      
youth2 but it was placed on ,william so 
early1 and pressed so heavily1 that had 
it not been for the encouragement of his
 mother1 and his own unconquerable      
energy1 he must have remained ignorant  
of even the rudiments of learning4 ,his 
mother did all she could to cheer and   
help him2 she often read aloud to him1  

and got others to read1 and in the      
evenings young friends frequently gave  
him a share of what they were picking up
 at school4 ,thus he struggled on for   
some six years before he entered the    
grammar school4 ,yea1 the duties of the 
trade lay hard upon him all through the 
time he was at school1 and continued    
even while attending the ,university2   
long1 indeed1 after they ceased to be   
needful for his own support1 for he     
gained a bursary1 and had good private  
teaching2 but as the father's health    
declined1 and his eyesight became weak1 
the more the work was thrown over on the
 dutiful son4 ,but his application never
 flagged4 ,to save time and help himself
 forward1 he used to fix his book in the
 clambs 7an instrument employed for     
holding the leather71 and placing them  
conveniently in front of him1 he learned
 to pick up right quickly a sentence    
from ,zumpt1 or a line from ,homer1 or  
any other book1 and thus he stitched and
 studied for long weary years2 and so   

successfully1 that before he had reached
 the end of his ,art's course1 he had   
gained five prizes in various classes1  
and a bursary4 ,he used to refer to     
those days of subjection to his father's
 will-of hard uncongenial work and      
repressed desires-as a time of much     
mental and moral discipline4 ,he learned
 patience1 perseverance1 self-control1  
the value of time1 and faithfulness in  
discharging duty1 however irksome4 ,in  
going through his daily drudgery in     
obedience to his father1 he learned the 
invaluable lesson that his life must be 
ruled1 not by what is pleasing1 but by  
what is right4  ,william ,elmslie could 
not recall a time when he was without   
thoughts1 more or less serious1         
regarding divine things4 ,from his      
earliest years1 his mother earnestly    
sought to convey to him some of her     
store of spiritual knowledge1 which was 
her only riches4 ,many passages of      
,scripture she repeated to him1 till    
even when a very little boy he knew them

 as familiar household words4 ,the      
,westminster ,shorter ,catechism was    
rendered precious to him all through    
life by her simple loving expositions1  
and her quaint homely illustrations1    
drawn largely from her own observation  
and experience4 ,but it was not till he 
was fourteen years of age that he came  
savingly to know ,jesus4 ,at that time1 
the instructions of his mother received 
impressiveness through the faithful     
dealing of his ,sabbath ,school         
,teacher1 who1 in private personal      
intercourse1 pressed upon him the       
necessity of a new heart4 ,two passages 
were made particularly useful at this   
time1 and these were ever after much    
prized4 ,the first was1 ,god commendeth 
his love toward us1 in that1 while we   
were yet sinners1 ,christ died for us   
7,rom4 v4 #h74 ,the second1 ,ye know the
 grace of our ,lord ,jesus ,christ1     
that1 though he was rich1 yet for your  
sakes he became poor1 that ye through   
,his poverty might be rich 7#b ,cor4    

viii4 #i74 ,although at this time1      
,william came in contact with a real    
living ,saviour1 his faith was very     
feeble2 but1 as it was faith unfeigned1 
it grew4 ,religion became more          
satisfying to him than it had ever been4
 ,he got pretty clear glimpses          
occasionally of his pardon and          
acceptance in ,immanuel2 these          
multiplied and brightened till the      
settled conviction of his life          
became-,my beloved is mine1 and ,i am   
,his4 ,he had been a dutiful son all    
along1 but there was now a new principle
 infused into his obedience that        
sweetened all the elements of           
bitterness4 ,he learned1 when serving   
from love to his ,father in heaven1 that
 if called to sacrifice in one          
direction1 he reaped joys in another2   
and that1 after all1 the way of right is
 a way of pleasantness and a path of    
peace4     ,,chapter ,,ii4  ,,school    
,,and ,,college ,,life4   ,in #ahdh     
,william ,elmslie was regularly enrolled

 as a pupil in the ,grammar ,school of  
,aberdeen1 and never student more eager 
started in pursuit of knowledge4 ,at    
that time its ,rector was the ,rev4 ,dr4
 ,melvin1 whose character and mode of   
tuition have been made famous as much by
 their results in the men they helped to
 mould1 as by the graphic description of
 one of our finest writers4 ,a few      
sentences from ,professor ,masson's     
paper may enable us to trace the kind of
 influence now brought to bear on       
,william4 ,i have known many other men1 
writes the ,professor1 since ,i knew    
him-men of far greater celebrity in the 
world1 and of intellectual claims of far
 more rousing character than belong to  
,latin scholarship2 but ,i have known no
 one1 and ,i expect to know no one so   
perfect in his type as ,melvin4 ,every  
man whose memory is tolerably faithful1 
can reckon up those to whom he is       
indebted2 and trying to estimate at this
 moment the relative proportions of     
influences1 from this man and that man1 

encountered by me1 which ,i can still   
feel running in my veins1 it so happens 
that ,i can trace none more distinct1   
however it may have been marred and     
mudded1 than that stream which1 as      
,melvin gave it1 was truly              
'honey-wine4'-7,macmillan's ,magazine1  
#ahfc1 p4 #bca47  ,when ,william first  
entered school he only felt in part the 
power of this remarkable man1 but when  
promoted to the advanced classes1       
directly under ,melvin's care1 the      
enthusiasm of his nature was stirred1   
and his mind yielded itself to be       
moulded by him4 ,he owed much of his    
success at college1 and of his power in 
mastering languages1 to the very careful
 mental training received from ,melvin4 
,he gave us hard work1 he said1 but it  
was intense enjoyment1 for one's mind   
was strengthened1 expanded1 and in the  
truest1 fullest meaning of the word1    
educated4 ,during his first year        
,william was often down-cast1 for school
 life was new to him1 and he felt       

himself far behind others of his age4   
,however1 he resolved to do his best1   
and to make the most of the much-prized 
privileges so long denied him4 ,during  
holiday time1 when others were at play1 
he was at his books2 and not in vain1   
for at the beginning of his second year 
he gained by competition a bursary that 
helped to relieve him from pecuniary    
anxieties4 ,by the end of the next      
session he stood high in his classes1   
and carried off the first prize in      
,greek4 ,the ,rev4 ,mr4 ,salmond1 ,free 
,church1 ,barry1 one of ,william's      
friends at school and college1 writes   
thus of these early days3-,we were close
 companions and studied very much       
together in private as well as in       
public4 ,these were ever-memorable days1
 rich in generous friendships and       
affluent also with what should have been
 most helpful for the up-building of    
manly moral character and energetic     
intellectual life1 when ,dr4 ,melvin    
kept the youngest of us in fixed        

devotion to the genius of the ,latin    
tongue1 and when1 after the decease of  
that unique master1 ,professor ,geddes  
made us all a-glow with his own         
enthusiasm1 and fired us with the       
classic spirit of ,greek4 ,into what was
 best1 in these buoyant and productive  
times of earliest mental discipline and 
most unselfish companionships1 ,william 
,elmslie threw himself with all his     
heart1 and was a friend to most4 ,his   
position1 too1 was in some respects     
peculiar among us4 ,his seriousness was 
more marked1 and his independent spirit 
and his determination to do everything  
for himself1 and to make the utmost of  
his opportunities1 had methods of       
expressing themselves which were        
altogether his own4 ,commencing his     
course at a somewhat more advanced age  
than most of us1 and possessing the     
advantage of having learned a trade1 he 
used to excite our admiration by the    
sturdy diligence with which he toiled to
 support himself1 in a way which many a 

silly youth would have counted beneath  
him1 and also1 in truth1 our envy at the
 ability which he had thus acquired to  
possess himself of books beyond the     
reach of others4 ,i well remember how   
ambitious some of us were to get a      
week's loan of some of his              
laboriously-earned treasures1 and how   
ready he was to indulge us in that line 
of things4 ,thus it happened that1 in   
addition to the text-books usually      
studied at that stage in ,greek and     
,latin1 not a few boys of some thirteen 
or fourteen years of age voluntarily    
mastered volumes ordinarily reserved for
 a later period1-such as ,zumpt's       
,grammar1 ,dderlein's ,synonyms1        
,ramshorn's ,synonyms1 the first part of
 ,jelf's ,greek ,grammar1#a c4 ,and for 
a certain measure of the attainments    
aimed at and made by a good many beyond 
the stated requirements of the classes  
in these and other branches1 we were    
indebted not a little to the stimulus of
 his example as well as to his          

willingness to help others with his     
books and counsel4 ,his own acquirements
 in ,latin were very considerable1 and  
to ,greek also he took with a burning   
affection and a determined perseverance1
 which might have led him on to         
distinguished results had the           
opportunity of continuing his studies   
been given him in ,providence4 ,in these
 youthful days1 in short1 the great     
features of character1 which appeared   
subsequently in his work in a distant   
country1 and in taxing circumstances1   
were the very qualities that constrained
 respect from all his comrades in school
 and college1-his readiness to take in  
hand all kinds of honest labour1 manual 
and mental1 his patient dedication to   
the task of the time1 his thirst for    
knowledge1 his zeal in helping others1  
and the hearty and fearless interest    
which he displayed all through his      
course in every decidedly religious     
movement4 ,this last made him a somewhat
 outstanding member of our              

student-circles1 and rendered the       
impression which he left upon his       
associates a very happy one4  ,when     
,william got in some measure abreast of 
his school-fellows in learning1 he      
rejoiced to join them in the playground 
in every manly sport4 ,his hard work    
never inclined him to mope4 ,with his   
whole heart he threw himself into the   
game4 ,of cricket he was particularly   
fond1 and the company of which he was a 
member was called the ,thistle ,club4   
,he stood ,a-#a at bowling4 ,he could   
not endure those meandering1 sneaking   
balls that creep in upon you at         
unawares4 ,no2 the enemy got fair       
warning4 ,drawing himself well up1 the  
body thrown back1 and the lips          
compressed1 he took careful aim2 then   
off shot the ball1 swift and straight as
 an arrow2 and when he heard the        
delightsome clatter of the tumbling     
wickets1 he cut a demi-somersault1 and  
sang out merrily1 ,nemo me impune       
lacessit4  ,it was near the close of    

,william's fourth session at school that
 the death of the reverend rector took  
place4 ,he fell paralysed to the ground 
one day while engaged in his classroom1 
and ,william ,elmslie was one of the    
sorrowing pupils who helped to bear the 
almost lifeless form to his home1-not   
many days later to be borne thence to   
its narrow bed in the churchyard4       
,william never ceased to be thankful    
that so much of his student life had    
been passed under an influence so       
beneficial1 being deeply conscious of   
having gained in the ,grammar ,school of
 ,aberdeen such a mental training as    
enabled him to grapple with1 and to     
overcome1 the intellectual difficulties 
which1 in after days1 he had to         
encounter4  ,in ,november #ahec1 he     
passed from school to college2 and with 
no little pride and pleasure his mother 
saw him don the scarlet cloak worn by   
the students of ,king's ,college1       
,aberdeen4 ,it was there1 writes his    
friend1 the ,rev4 ,andrew ,ritchie of   

,coull1 that ,i first met with ,william 
,elmslie4 ,we were students of the same 
year1 and ,i shared the same room with  
him in his parents' house4 ,we both     
worked hard4 ,it was no unusual thing   
for us to restrict ourselves to five    
hours' sleep4 ,we engaged a watchman to 
waken us at three o'clock every morning2
 and we took it in turn to rise first1  
kindle the fire1 and boil the coffee1   
which ,mrs4 ,elmslie had made ready the 
night before4 ,after enjoying a slice of
 bread and that good1 warm coffee1 we   
began our day's work4 ,william was      
always prayerful and earnest1 and from  
the very first we engaged in devotions  
together1 as well as separately2 it was 
our delight to talk of ,christ1 and of  
our desire to devote ourselves to his   
cause4  ,william's work was harder than 
mine1 for his father's failing health   
and eyesight made him now more and more 
dependent on his son's exertions4 ,on   
this account1 ,william undertook an     
engagement to teach in a school in      

,aberdeen1 and he had also several      
private pupils4 ,being a first-rate     
student1 and of gentlemanly manners1 he 
had no difficulty in getting as much    
employment of this kind as he wished2   
but the constant hard work and severe   
study told on his health1 and1 at the   
close of the second session at college1 
he was forced to obey doctor's          
injunctions1 and to seek rest and       
country air4  ,he spent some time with  
relatives in ,elgin1 and in the         
neighbourhood of ,inverness1 and        
returned1 strengthened in mind and body1
 to take up again the double burden of  
supporting his parents and maintaining  
himself at college4 ,sometimes when his 
prospects were peculiarly dark1 and he  
needed sympathy1 friends took the       
occasion to urge him to give up the     
struggle altogether1 and turn aside to  
something that would be immediately     
remunerative4 ,he had a hard time of it 
when passing through his philosophical  
classes4 ,to most honest1 earnest       

students1 this is a season of much      
conflict1 and ,mr4 ,elmslie's           
circumstances did not tend to make the  
doubts and temptations that usually     
encompass it easily borne4 ,sometimes1  
when he knelt to pray1 troop after troop
 of doubts rushed in upon him1 and made 
such assaults on his long cherished     
beliefs1 that he gradually ceased to    
plead with ,god1 and entered into       
regular mental warfare1 becoming        
altogether unconscious of his kneeling  
posture4 ,recovering himself1 he was    
shocked at his irreverence2 tried to    
smooth himself down and feel solemn1 but
 in the stillness a withering chill     
stole over him as if he were encircled  
by a boundless nothing4 ,the ,eternal   
,silences sent very cheerless responses 
to the groans that burst from his       
burdened spirit4 ,with keen powers of   
analysis1 and a slight tendency to      
introspection1 it will be believed that 
such battles were not infrequent4 ,it is
 needless to ask1 in surprise1 ,but was 

he not a ,christian8 ,yes2 but a far    
older and more experienced ,christian   
was so puzzled by the mysteries of      
,providence that he exclaimed1 ,as for  
me1 my feet were almost gone2 my steps  
had wellnigh slipped4 ,mr4 ,elmslie's   
feet were on the rock1 but he staggered 
greatly notwithstanding4 ,through all   
his varied forms of trial1 his mother   
stood by him to sustain and cheer2 and  
when his philosophic perplexities went  
beyond her depth1 she at least could    
sympathise and pray4 ,he used to say    
that a mother's sympathy1 if she had a  
,mary's faith1 was the greatest blessing
 a young man could possess when first   
installed into the mysteries of         
philosophy4 ,the mother and son had1 all
 through1 an unwavering conviction that 
,god intended him for a higher form of  
service than boot-closing1 and therefore
 trials did not discourage so much as   
might have been expected2 for they were 
regarded as a fatherly discipline2 a    
preparation for future usefulness1 upon 

which they ceased not to ask the ,divine
 blessing4  ,having taken his degree in 
arts1 he felt anxious1 before deciding  
on a further course of study1 to see    
something of the world1 and to have a   
change from the scene of so much labour4
 ,he therefore gladly accepted a        
proposal to go abroad as tutor in the   
family of an ,aberdeenshire gentleman1  
who was to spend the following winter in
 ,italy4 ,it was a curious fact which he
 sometimes quoted as an instance of     
,god's overruling even our failings as a
 means of carrying out ,his own plan of 
our lives1 that this gentleman's choice 
of him as tutor for his sons was caused 
by a preference for his handwriting1 the
 very point on which he was most        
conscious of deficiency4  ,the year     
spent in ,italy was not one of much     
enjoyment4 ,william's sensitive nature  
suffered acutely in this first          
experience of life among strangers1 and 
his position was rendered more trying   
and lonely from a misunderstanding      

between him and the father of his       
pupils4 ,nevertheless the lessons in    
human nature1 and the experience of the 
world gained there1 proved invaluable to
 him ever after4  ,here1 too1 his       
self-reliance was strengthened1 and he  
gained a firmer conviction of ,god's    
power to give him joy and peace1 however
 untoward his outward circumstances     
might be4  ,in ,florence he had the     
great privilege of meeting with some    
very helpful ,christian friends1 among  
whom was the ,rev4 ,mr4 ,hannah1 a young
 ,irish clergyman1 who had been         
appointed to minister to the ,english   
residents in that lovely city4 ,william 
spent much of his spare time with this  
dear servant of ,god1 who was then      
drawing very near the close of his      
service on earth1 and was fast ripening 
for glory4 ,the ,spirit of ,god seemed  
to reveal to him much of what eye hath  
not seen1 nor ear heard1 neither hath it
 entered into the heart of man to       
conceive1 and for which he was being    

made ready4 ,to all who then ministered 
to him much blessing was given1 and     
,william richly shared it in a          
realisation of the unseen and the       
eternal such as he had never known      
before4 ,during ,mr4 ,hannah's illness1 
,william agreed to relieve his mind of  
anxiety by conducting ,sabbath services 
for his little congregation4 ,he read to
 them some of his favourite sermons1    
such as ,chalmers on ,the expulsive     
power of a new affection2 ,caird on the 
,solitariness of our ,lord's sufferings2
 and ,maclaren on the ,soul's thirst    
after ,god4 ,the ,rev4 ,mr4 ,macdougall1
 who relieved him of his position some  
six weeks later1 used laughingly to say 
that ,mr4 ,elmslie had quite spoiled the
 people1 for they would never listen to 
any ordinary man's sermons after having 
enjoyed those intellectual feasts4      
,william returned to ,england in ,june  
#aheh1 and in ,london heard an          
encouraging sermon from the ,rev4 ,dr4  
,hamilton from a text well suited to his

 circumstances1 ,casting all your care  
upon ,him1 for ,he careth for you4      
,footnote #a ,mr4 ,elmslie was not able 
to purchase such books as the above2 he 
hired them from a bookseller at so much 
per week4     ,,chapter ,,iii4          
,,medical ,,student ,,life ,,in         
,,aberdeen4   ,after his return from    
,florence ,mr4 ,elmslie's thoughts were 
directed to the ministry2 and having    
passed the required preliminary         
examinations1 and gained a bursary by   
competition1 he entered the ,free       
,church ,divinity ,college in ,november 
#aheh4 ,during the session his attention
 was drawn to the mission field1 and as 
he searched his ,bible1 for instruction 
and direction1 an element in missionary 
service so obtruded itself on his notice
 that it could neither be overlooked nor
 thrust aside4 ,it became clear to his  
mind that when the ,divine ,spirit gave 
marked prominence1 in the ,new          
,testament1 to the combination of       
healing with preaching in the planting  

of ,christianity1 it was intended to    
instruct and guide those who1 in after  
ages1 might devote themselves to the    
extension of the kingdom of ,christ4 ,he
 accepted the lesson1 and resolved to   
acquire the power of healing4 ,instead  
of attempting to follow the subjective  
changes through which ,mr4 ,elmslie     
passed1 as his thoughts gradually turned
 from a pastorate at home1 to service as
 a medical missionary abroad1 it may be 
more instructive to indicate1 in a few  
brief sentences1 how the subject of     
medical missions-the combination of     
healing with preaching-is presented in  
the ,word of ,god4 ,the more he studied 
the infallible missionary guide2 and the
 more he contemplated the perfect ,model
 ,missionary-for ,he hath left us an    
ensample that we should walk in ,his    
steps-the more he became enamoured with 
the delightful form of service to which 
he now consecrated his life4 ,but let   
us1 for a moment1 turn to the           
,scriptures4 ,when the disciples of the 

,baptist approached the ,saviour with   
the inquiry1 ,art thou ,he that should  
come1 or do we look for another8 ,jesus 
answered and said unto them1 ,go and    
show ,john again those things which ye  
do hear and see3 the blind receive their
 sight and the lame walk1 the lepers are
 cleansed1 and the deaf hear1 the dead  
are raised up and the poor have the     
gospel preached unto them 7,matt4 xi4   
#c-e74 ,he healed the sick and preached 
the gospel and pointed the inquirers to 
that combination as proof conclusive    
that ,he was the ,sent of ,god4 ,the    
combination was not fortuitous or       
incidental2 it was foretold2 and it was 
a striking way of delivering part of the
 message ,he brought us from the        
,father1-that ,he came to bear our      
sicknesses and to be the ,saviour of the
 body4 ,this mode of procedure was      
wondrously fitted to secure a friendly  
consideration to his claims among the   
ignorant1 the indifferent1 or the       
hostile2 and was full of wisdom and     

tenderness4 ,it is well to note that    
this is not a solitary instance of the  
combination of healing and preaching1   
got up to settle doubts in the minds of 
,john's disciples4 ,in the life of      
,jesus it is use and wont1 and their    
attention is directed to it as a sample 
of what ,he is doing every day1 and     
occasionally to such an extent that     
there is not time so much as to eat     
bread1 and ,his relatives think ,he is  
beside ,himself4 ,it is not necessary to
 multiply quotations4 ,one must suffice4
 ,and ,jesus went about all ,galilee1   
teaching in their synagogues and        
preaching the gospel of the kingdom1 and
 healing all manner of sickness and all 
manner of disease among the people4 ,and
 ,his fame went throughout all ,syria2  
and they brought unto ,him all sick     
people that were taken with divers      
diseases and torments1 and those which  
were possessed with devils1 and those   
which were lunatic1 and those that had  
the palsy2 and ,he healed them 7,matt4  

iv4 #bc1 #bd474  ,this combination of   
healing with the preaching of the gospel
 is not only largely exhibited in the   
ministry of ,jesus1 but was enjoined by 
,him upon the ,apostles who practised it
 in the home and foreign mission field1 
during their ,master's lifetime and     
after ,his ascension to glory4 ,their   
commission is particularly clear on this
 point1-,as ye go1 preach1 saying1 ,the 
kingdom of ,god is at hand4 ,heal the   
sick2 444 freely ye have received1      
freely give 7,matt4 x4 #g1 #h74 ,he sent
 them 7the twelve disciples7 to preach  
the kingdom of ,god and to heal the sick
 7,luke ix4 #b74 ,very similar are the  
instructions given by the ,lord to the  
seventy home missionaries whom ,he sent1
 two and two1 into every city whither   
,he ,himself would come4 ,heal the sick 
that are therein1 and say unto them1    
,the kingdom of ,god is come nigh unto  
you4  ,the case of ,paul is very        
instructive4 ,most of his life1 after   
his conversion1 was spent in pioneering 

mission work1 in which the healing      
element was likely to be of much use1   
and we find he was endowed with that    
power in a remarkable degree4 ,in       
,ephesus1 an important heathen centre1  
where opposition was strong and his     
difficulties many and great1 it is said1
 ,god wrought special miracles by the   
hands of ,paul2 so that from his body   
were brought unto the sick handkerchiefs
 or aprons1 and the diseases departed   
from them1 and the evil spirits went out
 of them 7,acts xix4 #aa1 #ab74 ,an     
apron or handkerchief having touched the
 ,apostle's body is carried to a        
sufferer and suffices to effect a cure4 
,this indicates a marvellous latitude   
for the exercise of the healing power1  
and yet it is evident there were        
limitations to it4 ,this great ,apostle1
 who was not a whit behind the chiefest 
of the apostles1 was not able to cure   
,timothy1 though much depended on his   
enjoying vigorous health4 ,we infer this
 inability from the fact that ,paul left

 him in his infirmity1 and fell back on 
the very humble ,recipe-,take a little  
wine for thy stomach's sake4 ,why not   
heal him right off8 ,why not send a     
handkerchief to him8 ,again1 we read1   
,trophimus have ,i left at ,miletum1    
sick4 ,very strange1 if there be no     
restrictions imposed on this power to   
heal6 ,why cure ,sergius ,paulus1 a     
heathen1 and leave his ,christian friend
 lying ill8 ,more striking still2       
,epaphroditus was sick1 nigh unto death1
 and ,paul's heart was breaking lest he 
should die1 and he should have sorrow   
upon sorrow4 ,why not try the efficacy  
of the handkerchief here8 ,paul         
assuredly would have cured him if he    
could4 ,there were not many such        
labourers as ,epaphroditus1 and so he   
could ill be spared from active duty2   
and ,paul's affection made sure that    
everything possible would be done for   
him1 yet the sickness presses on2 nigh  
unto death and the apostle's sorrow     
deepens4 ,these restrictions tend to    

show that the exercise of the healing   
power was much limited within the domain
 of the ,church4 ,on the other hand it  
seemed to enjoy unlimited scope in its  
approaches to an outlying heathenism4   
,the combination of healing with        
preaching was plainly intended to be a  
pioneering agency4 ,into whatsoever city
 ye enter1 heal the sick4  ,the         
significance of these lessons1 as       
pointing out the path of duty to us1 is 
not weakened by the fact that all the   
healing was performed by supernatural   
power2 for1 in those early days1 the    
same power that enabled the missionary  
to heal enabled him to speak in an      
unknown tongue4 ,but the withdrawal of  
the miraculous from this latter element 
of missions does not free us from the   
obligation to go into all the world1    
and1 by the use of our natural          
faculties1 acquire the ability to speak 
in foreign tongues4 ,so in regard of the
 power to heal-it must be now gained by 
diligent study4 ,the ,scriptures thus   

seem to show very plainly that the best 
way of reaching the heathen1 and1       
consequently1 that the most effective   
form of mission agency is to combine    
healing with the preaching of the       
gospel4 ,most certainly this was the    
practice of ,christ and the apostles2   
and it must surely be unwise to         
disregard the plain teaching of that    
practice regarding the best means of    
spreading the gospel4 ,mr4 ,elmslie1 as 
we have said1 bowed to the ,scripture   
teaching1 and resolved to acquire the   
power of healing-to become a medical    
missionary4 ,the cause at that time was 
little known and little esteemed2 but he
 was fully persuaded in his own mind2   
and this clear conviction helped to     
uphold him during the storm that burst  
upon him when he made known his         
intention to study medicine4 ,to face   
four years of study1 with winter and    
summer courses1 besides the heavy       
expense of a medical education1 seemed  
madness to his friends1 and they        

vehemently opposed him in his           
resolution2 but hitherto the ,lord had  
helped him1 and to be a workman         
thoroughly furnished for the ,master's  
service appeared to him worth any amount
 of effort and self-denial4 ,accordingly
 he braced himself up to his work4      
,again he taught in the ,academy1       
received private pupils1 stitched the   
'uppers' of boots and shoes1 and pored  
over his books4 ,sixteen hours of work  
daily was the rule in those busy years4 
,study was rather a relaxation than     
anything else4 ,long-continued custom   
had begotten a love for it1 and         
obstacles seemed to add a certain zest  
to his pursuit of knowledge4 ,but during
 this preparation period there were     
seasons when the cares of poverty       
pressed heavily2 and faith1 hope1 and   
patience required to be in fullest      
exercise4  ,at one time1 when sorely    
bestead1 he made a journey on foot all  
the way to ,inverness1 where a brother  
of his mother's lived in comfortable    

circumstances4 ,his purpose was to lay  
his case before him1 and to ask         
temporary aid1 to be restored with      
interest when ,god should give him power
 to win money for himself4 ,he was      
kindly welcomed1 and invited to spend   
some weeks in the family1 but no inquiry
 was made as to his circumstances1 nor  
was any assistance offered4 ,he could   
not muster fortitude to break to his    
uncle the subject of his necessities2   
and so he returned to ,aberdeen with an 
empty purse and a full heart1 to work   
harder1 if possible1 and to pray more   
earnestly4 ,remembering the hopes and   
the bitter disappointment of that       
journey1 he used to say that a rich man 
could hardly give greater comfort1 or do
 more good than by extending a helping  
hand to ,a ,,struggling ,,student1      
,,really ,,in ,,earnest ,,in ,,his      
,,work1 ,,and ,,with ,,his ,,master',s  
,,service ,,as ,,his ,,dearest ,,aim4   
,these words are in capitals1 to express
 ,mr4 ,elmslie's strong views as to the 

kind of students to whom help would be a
 benefit4 ,they must be struggling      
students1 who1 above all things1 love   
the ,master and ,his work4 ,he came to  
know that some who had no love for      
,jesus might take up the profession of  
religion1 to be helped into the         
profession of medicine4 ,they did not   
struggle1 and had not the remotest      
intention to struggle1 but were mean    
enough to accept the fruits of          
self-sacrifice on the part of others1   
that they might live in comfort and     
self-indulgence4 ,he held very strongly 
that no student with a trace of         
manliness in him1 would accept such help
 from others1 save in real necessity1   
and then only as an accommodation4  ,it 
is necessary to advert to the           
difficulties with which ,mr4 ,elmslie   
had to contend1 but very pleasing it is 
to note how cheerily he grappled with   
them4 ,writing to his friend1 ,mr4      
,ritchie1 from ,ballater-whither he had 
gone for rest-in #ahei1 at a time when  

dark clouds in abundance clustered      
around his horizon1 he says3 ,i am      
living here very much like a hermit4    
,but1 for all that1 ,i feel very happy1 
except now and then when a cloud comes  
over the horizon of my mind4 ,i then    
feel a temporary sadness1 which1        
however1 soon passes1 as when a cloud   
crosses the disc of the sun4 ,o for     
another such laugh as we had the first  
day we were here1 it would do us good4  
,it's a delicious thing1 a good hearty  
laugh4 ,you will be thinking ,i am      
getting mighty wise1 having so much time
 and inclination for reading4 ,far from 
it4 ,it takes a great deal of reading to
 make one wise4 ,one retains so little  
of what he reads1 that it is a long1    
long time before the grains of gold     
gathered assume any considerable bulk4  
,writing to the same friend a few days  
later1 he says3 ,i was extremely glad   
yesterday to see you before me in 'black
 upon white4'  ,i knew you had been     
doing business by the address on the    

envelope-it was so smart and commercial 
like1 as much as to say1 ,get out of the
 way1 you poor student1 you can't       
transact business like me2 what do you  
think1 ,i am a man with an income of a  
hundred-a hundred and twenty pounds6    
every farthing-that's something worth   
writing4 ,no more two guineas an hour4  
,no more rushing from house to house1   
like one begging his bread from door to 
door1 in a cold night in ,december4 ,no1
 no2 nothing so beggarly2 ,i am a little
 gentleman now1 and shall be able to    
spend my winter evenings within doors as
 far as is agreeable to my taste4 ,i say
 ,i almost saw all that1 and a great    
deal more1 depicted on that commercial  
envelope of yours4 ,and when ,i opened1 
,i found my most sanguine expectations  
fully realised2 you being the proud     
master of #abj a year1 with twenty-two  
urchins to drill scholastically4 ,your  
bread's baken1 ,andrew1 ,i said1 for the
 next year1 at least4 ,now ,i think you 
acted wisely in accepting the offer1    

although you should hold the situation  
only for a year4 ,and ,i will tell you  
why4 ,your responsibility is increased1 
and that not to such an extent as to    
crush you under its weight4 ,it's of    
great consequence1 ,i consider it1 to   
have one's responsibility thus gradually
 increased4 ,it fits one for a farther  
increase1 when he has successfully      
carried his previous burden4 ,why is it 
that some men1 and especially ministers1
 so completely fail in sustaining the   
weight of responsibility that is        
suddenly laid upon their shoulders8     
,just because their shoulders are       
strangers to the weight1 and the weight 
is too much for them at first4 ,i       
suppose you see what ,i am driving at4  
,at the election of ,lord ,rector for   
the ,university in #ahfj1 ,mr4 ,elmslie 
took a somewhat prominent part4 ,in     
,aberdeen1 on such occasions1 the votes 
are given by ,nations1-a nation         
representing the students from certain  
defined districts4 ,they sometimes      

differed greatly in numerical strength4 
,this year1 for example1 ,mar contained 
#adi matriculated students1 ,moray      
registered only #di1 and yet in         
electoral value1 they were equal6 ,on   
this occasion1 two nations voted for one
 candidate1 and two for the other1 but  
there was a majority of #ch students in 
favour of one of the candidates1 so that
 when the ,principal intimated his      
intention of settling the difficulty by 
giving his casting vote against the     
candidate supported by the majority of  
students1 the ,mar and ,angus nations   
resolved to dispute said vote as        
inexpedient1 incompetent1 and illegal4  
,funds were raised to meet the law      
expenses1 and ,mr4 ,elmslie was         
appointed treasurer4 ,it is amusing to  
note the carefulness with which1 in     
letter after letter1 he impresses on the
 agents in ,edinburgh that he and his   
companions are not to be held           
responsible for the payment of a single 
farthing beyond the monies actually     

received4  ,the election was carried    
against his party1 and on the #afth     
,march #ahfa1 the professors and        
students assembled to hear the ,rector's
 inaugural address4 ,at the close of the
 preliminary services1 when the         
successful candidate was just going to  
speak1 ,mr4 ,elmslie1 being a           
procurator1 ascended the platform1 and  
very deliberately read a protest against
 the validity of his election4 ,he then1
 with a low bow1 placed the document in 
the hands of the ,principal1 and walked 
out of the room1 followed by a          
considerable number of students4 ,but   
many of the same party remained to see  
what was to be the upshot of their      
proceedings2 and not a few1 to give     
impressiveness to their protest1 had    
come to the hall armed with peas1 shot1 
stones1 and other such-like persuasive  
but most illogical arguments1 and the   
result was a row1 prodigiously out of   
keeping with academic propriety4        
,although ,mr4 ,elmslie was entirely    

blameless in regard to these low        
proceedings1 the amount of censure      
awarded him was singularly liberal4     
,nothing1 writes his companion in the   
struggle1-now the ,rev4 ,mr4 ,mackie of 
,st4 ,mary's ,e4 ,c4 ,dumfries-nothing  
could be more alien to ,elmslie's       
feelings and sense of duty than any     
breach of university discipline4 ,he    
took no part in it1 and restrained it to
 the utmost of his power4 ,referring to 
these student days1 ,mr4 ,mackie writes1
 ,my early acquaintance with ,mr4       
,elmslie impressed me equally with      
esteem for the greatness of his         
intellect1 and the goodness of his      
heart4 ,he was slow of speech1 but swift
 in judging4 ,often1 when plans were    
proposed1 he would simply say ',no' very
 slowly1 and then render a single reason
 which left no room for any other reply 
than ',i see4' ,he was one of the most  
satisfactory friends ,i have ever had in
 life2 for you could count upon him at  
all times4 ,i cannot recall a single    

instance in which his counsel seemed to 
fail me when we were acting together    
under very trying circumstances1 with   
very few opportunities for consultation4
 ,his memory was remarkably tenacious of
 any agreement as to co-operation1 as he
 was remarkably tenacious of his        
purposes4 ,one always knew where he     
would find him4  ,in the end of ,july of
 #ahfb he passed his second professional
 examination4 ,it was1 he writes to ,mr 
,ritchie1 a long1 stiff1 but ,i am happy
 to say1 a successful pull4 ,we had nine
 hours hard work1-to me at least it was 
hard4 ,there was no little manual work1 
apart from the mental effort required in
 summoning up so many facts and putting 
them together in a connected form4 ,i   
was exceedingly fortunate in the subject
 on which ,i was examined 7viv voce74 ,i
 answered the questions as fast as they 
were put to me1 and altogether got on   
splendidly until ,i felt sorry when the 
examinations were ended1 because ,i     
could not get any longer opportunity of 

showing off how thoroughly ,i was 'up4' 
,this was a bit of vanity1 but          
pardonable1 ,i think2 was it not8 ,at   
the close of the examination1 on being  
called into the ,senatus ,chamber1 ,i   
was informed by the ,dean of the        
,faculty that ,i had passed with 'much  
credit4'  ,at an early stage of his     
studies ,mr4 ,elmslie had heard of the  
,edinburgh ,medical ,missionary         
,society1 an organization which paid the
 class fees1 text books1 and cost of    
licences of young men desiring to       
prepare themselves for the mission      
field4 ,the reader is already aware that
 it was no easy task for ,mr4 ,elmslie  
to open up his difficulties to others1  
but pressed by necessity1 and encouraged
 by friends1 he laid his case before the
 society in ,edinburgh1 and on the #gth 
,may #ahfj he got the following reply   
from the secretary1 ,dr4 ,coldstream1 ,i
 was instructed to inform you that the  
committee cannot consent to relax in    
your favour1 their regulations as to    

residence in ,edinburgh1 during the     
,medical ,curriculum1 and the requiring 
their students to abstain from private  
teaching4 ,it is due to the gentleman   
who sent this official notice to state1 
that he spoke a word of kindly cheer    
from himself which helped to lessen the 
bitterness of disappointment4           
,afflictions are not joyous but         
grievous2 sometimes1 however1 they are  
very profitable3 and there is nothing   
for which ,mr4 ,elmslie gives more      
frequent or more hearty thanks1 than for
 his afflictions-for the very trials1   
the record of which awakens our         
sympathy4 ,soon again he was battling as
 cheerily with his responsibilities as  
if he had received no disheartening     
repulse4 ,some twelve months after1 an  
influential friend in ,aberdeen brought 
his case a second time before the ,board
 in ,edinburgh4 ,this gave rise to a    
very instructive correspondence1 but our
 present object requires us to cull from
 it nothing more than the simple fact1  

that notwithstanding the difficulties   
mentioned above as lying in the way of  
his getting help from ,edinburgh he did 
get a grant in aid of #ae4  ,having     
passed his second professional          
examination with honours1 he came to the
 last year of his medical course1       
rejoicing1 as students usually do at    
that period1 in the thought that        
practically his battle was fought4 ,i   
was anxious1 he writes1 to spend the    
winter in ,edinburgh1 as it was in all  
likelihood my last before going abroad4 
,and so he came south prepared to accept
 gratefully1 as a temporary             
accommodation1 such benefits as the     
,missionary ,society could bestow4 ,mr4 
,elmslie feared there might be some risk
 in coming to attend medical classes in 
,edinburgh1 if he purposed-as he did-to 
return to ,aberdeen for his final       
examination and degree2 but his desire  
to be even for one season under men like
 ,syme1 ,simpson1 ,miller1 c41 overcame 
his hesitation1 and in ,november #ahfb  

he became an inmate of our humble home  
in the ,dispensary in ,edinburgh4       
,,chapter ,,iv4  ,,medical ,,student    
,,life ,,in ,,edinburgh4   ,it seems    
becoming to give a brief notice of the  
society from which ,mr4 ,elmslie got    
temporary assistance1 or rather to      
permit the society to say a few words   
for itself4 ,it began in ,november      
#ahda4 ,its objects are thus stated3    
,the objects of the ,edinburgh ,medical 
,missionary ,society shall be to        
circulate information on the subject of 
medical missions1 to aid other          
institutions engaged in the same work1  
and to render assistance at missionary  
stations to as many professional agents 
as the funds placed at its disposal     
shall admit of4 ,after existing for     
twenty years it thus reports itself3    
,the ,society has now entered upon the  
twentieth year of its existence4 ,the   
retrospect is at once humbling and      
encouraging4 ,humbling in respect of the
 small extent to which the objects      

contemplated have been carried out1 and 
of the imperfections of the machinery   
now in operation2 encouraging1 because  
the principle for which the society had 
at its formation to contend1 has now    
been generally acknowledged by the      
friends of missions as a sound one4     
,the year before ,mr4 ,elmslie came to  
,edinburgh1 this society was amalgamated
 with another and independent ,medical  
,missionary ,society1 which1 though     
young in years1 gave strong evidence of 
vitality4 ,the two societies being      
germane in their objects1 they became   
one1 and after the union1 the following 
prospectus was issued1 bearing the      
imprimatur of the whole directorate3-   
,the object of the ,society is to       
promote the propagation of the gospel   
amongst heathen and other unenlightened 
people1 through the agency of           
well-qualified medical practitioners1   
who are either partially supported1 or  
aided by grants of medicines1 books1 and
 instruments4  ,the society aids and    

directs the education of promising young
 men who resolve to devote themselves to
 medical missionary service4  ,it       
provides for the half of the salary of a
 medical missionary at ,madras1 whose   
labours1 extended over four years1 have 
been greatly blessed-#egfj persons      
having received aid last year4 ,this    
mission deals with a portion of the     
heathen population of ,madras1 beyond   
the direct influence of any other       
missionary agency4  ,the society        
maintains a dispensary in the ,cowgate  
of ,edinburgh1 in which religious       
instruction is combined with medical    
treatment4 ,during last year this       
dispensary administered medical aid to  
#eccb patients1 all of whom had the     
,word of ,life set before them4 ,a      
well-qualified superintendent1 with     
assistants1 takes charge of the         
dispensary1 which supplies an admirable 
training school for the society's       
students4 ,the attendance at the        
prayer-meetings1 held for persons in    

their working-clothes1 is very          
encouraging4 ,there are not wanting     
proofs of these means having been       
blessed to the awakening and conversion 
of souls4  ,the society organises       
monthly meetings for the benefit of the 
medical students attending the ,colleges
 in ,edinburgh1 who are addressed on    
various subjects1 more or less          
illustrative of the principles and      
progress of ,christian ,missions4       
,reminding our readers that this refers 
to the state of matters some twelve     
years ago1 we return to ,mr4 ,elmslie4  
,the mission work of the dispensary he  
enjoyed greatly2 but only a little of it
 was permitted to him1 or to any of the 
students1 lest they should be diverted  
from their medical studies4 ,in all     
mission dispensaries it is the practice1
 when the patients have assembled1 to   
hold a short religious service with     
them1 which affords an excellent        
opportunity for commending ,christ4 ,it 
fell to ,mr4 ,elmslie to conduct this   

service once a week1 and it was quite a 
refreshment to himself to do so2 but he 
was not effective as a speaker on such  
occasions4 ,there was a monotony in his 
delivery that disposed to drowsiness1   
and a want of point and power that      
surprised those who knew his logical    
cast of mind1 and his varied stores of  
information4 ,but in another part of the
 work he was quite an adept4 ,the       
superintendent1 distressed at witnessing
 large numbers of neglected youths      
lounging idle about the district where  
he laboured1 resolved to do something   
for their spiritual benefit1 and ,mr4   
,elmslie joyfully assisted4 ,the lads   
were frightfully wild4 ,on the ,sabbath 
evenings especially1 work being         
suspended1 they gathered in the         
neighbourhood in large and numerous     
groups4 ,it was impossible to be        
indifferent to their presence4 ,their   
noisy demonstrations compelled          
attention2 and though we might contrive 
to pass them1 utterly regardless of the 

interest of their souls1 we were obliged
 to be most considerately mindful of the
 interest of our own 'shins4' ,it was   
not safe to go near them1 for they were 
continually fighting1 and wrestling1 and
 plunging about in the most alarming    
fashion4 ,fourteen of these lads sat    
down to tea with ,mr4 ,elmslie every    
,sabbath night in one of the rooms of   
the dispensary1 and this attractive     
opening service was followed by a ,bible
 lesson4 ,at first they were inclined to
 be troublesome1 but the quiet firmness 
with which he grasped the reins made the
 most reckless feel that opposition was 
hopeless4 ,his mastery over them was    
complete2 and without any visiting      
efforts on his part1 the attendance was 
wonderfully regular4 ,several of his    
pupils were at least outwardly reformed2
 and one1 it is hoped1 got real         
spiritual blessing4 ,he gave up his evil
 practices1 attended to his business1   
began to go to church1 and became a     
respectable tradesman4 ,dropping in at  

the close of ,mr4 ,elmslie's meeting1 as
 the writer often did1 it was a touching
 sight to witness the band of lawless   
outcasts kneeling reverently around him1
 whilst he poured out the deep yearnings
 of his heart on their behalf to ,him   
who came to seek and to save the lost4  
,in the household visitation of his     
patients1 ,mr4 ,elmslie soon became a   
great favourite4 ,he had suffered1 being
 tried1 and was therefore able to       
sympathise with those in trial4 ,young  
as he was1 he could to some extent use  
the language of the apostle1 ,that we   
may be able to comfort them which are in
 any trouble by the comfort wherewith we
 ourselves are comforted of ,god4 ,he   
was welcomed amongst the poor not merely
 as a doctor1 but as a friend4 ,the     
children clung to him1 and he had many  
pets amongst them who amused and        
refreshed him4 ,i am very sorry1 indeed1
 he writes of one of these1 to learn    
that wee ,sandy has been taken away from
 you4 ,he was a great pet of mine1 and  

,i think the wee man liked the doctor4  
,i trust ,sandy is singing to-day in    
heaven1 not ',there is a happy land1    
far1 far away2' but this is the happy   
land4 ,i do sympathise with you and     
,mrs4 -- very sincerely1 but what is in 
heaven is certainly not lost4 ,heaven   
has now a greater hold upon you1 and if 
,sandy's going away helps to make you   
think more of ,jesus1 and to desire and 
strive to live a godly life1 then wee   
,sandy will not have lived and died in  
vain4  ,mr4 ,elmslie was usually so     
wide-awake1 that it was not often he was
 found off his guard4 ,but in the course
 of this session he was fairly caught   
napping4 ,the incident is trifling1 but 
it shows how a good and diligent student
 may get into an awkward predicament    
through mere thoughtlessness4 ,mr4      
,david ,young and he were grinding in   
one of the empty rooms of the college4  
,they were overheard discussing a knotty
 question1 when -- laid his hand on ,mr4
 ,young's shoulder1 and said1 ,if you   

will both promise to be good boys1 ,i   
think ,i can help you in 'grinding' up  
that difficult bit4 ,how8 was at once   
the inquiry4 ,dr4 -- has a splendid     
preparation1 and ,i'm sure he won't     
object to diligent students seeing it   
sometimes4 7,rather generous1 to be     
obliging with another man's goods67     
,next day they were duly introduced into
 ,dr4 --'s sanctum1 and the magnificent 
preparation placed before them4 ,their  
friend then withdrew1 and they fastened 
the door on the inside4 ,it was a golden
 opportunity2 but we had not done much1 
says ,mr4 ,young1 when a sharp footstep 
came along the passage towards us4 ,we  
instinctively held our breath1 and      
looked at each other4 ,the surprise     
deepened when a key was hastily thrust  
into the door of our sanctum1 but being 
snibbed1 it could not be opened1 and    
,dr4 -- went along the passage calling  
loudly for our obliging friend1 who     
found it necessary to be engaged        
elsewhere at that moment1 and did not   

appear4 ,meanwhile ,i rose and          
unfastened the door1 and ,dr4 -- soon   
returning1 entered and found us sitting 
before his model4 ,he held up both his  
hands1 and exclaimed1 ,what is this8 ,my
 almost priceless preparation1 which ,i 
would not allow my most intimate friend 
to touch6 ,by this time the culprits    
were standing2 and1 after a becoming    
pause1 ,elmslie began to sing ,miserere1
 but was cut short at once4 ,that will  
do1 gentlemen2 you may go4 ,they crept  
out in the meekest attitude possible1   
and certain uneasy misgivings regarding 
the propriety of their conduct1         
suggested some anxious glances behind   
them during their departure4  ,the time 
for his final examination in ,aberdeen1 
in the spring of #ahfc1 drew near1 and  
the hopes and fears that usually agitate
 students on such an occasion1 ,mr4     
,elmslie felt with peculiar force4 ,he  
knew that the stand he made at the      
rectorial election had not gained favour
 for him in the senate2 and he feared   

his coming to attend medical classes in 
,edinburgh might not be relished by the 
medical faculty2 and therefore1 during  
the whole session1 he had studied       
earnestly4 ,i never1 he said1 studied   
harder in my life4 ,he did so because he
 wished to maintain his reputation as a 
student4 ,how natural1 also1 that he    
should desire to see the end of his     
severe struggle1 not to support himself 
merely1 but his little household2 and1  
besides1 he longed to be free to go     
forth1 without let or hindrance1 to the 
blessed work of winning souls4 ,knowing 
how much depended on this1 his last     
appearance1 he says1 in another letter1 
,i studied with might and main4 ,he went
 in to his examination2 he did his best2
 he thought he had done well1 but1 to   
his inexpressible astonishment and      
grief1 he was plucked1-an ugly word1 but
 it is the term we students best        
understand2 it comes closest home to our
 consciousness1 and carries in it the   
concentrated essence of all that is     

undesirable in our student life2-plucked
 in ,aberdeen in the two subjects which 
unhappily he had not studied there2     
rejected in ,aberdeen in midwifery1 for 
which1 during the session1 he won ,sir  
,j4 ,y4 ,simpson's diploma1 and a       
certificate of merit to boot2 rejected  
in ,aberdeen on medical jurisprudence1  
for which1 in ,edinburgh1 by fair       
competition1 he carried off the gold    
medal4 ,it is not our province to       
comment1 and we studiously abstain from 
it2 it is ours simply to chronicle2 but 
a single word of sympathy from a        
personal friend of ,elmslie's may not be
 out of place3-,dear ,elmslie1 writes   
,professor ,miller1 ,i sympathise with  
you most keenly in your heavy trial4444 
',god defend the right1' was a stout and
 good old battle-cry1 and ,he will4 ,mr4
 ,elmslie returned to ,edinburgh4  ,on  
rejoining us in the dispensary1 there   
was much prayer for divine guidance1 for
 it was a time of great perplexity4 ,he 
was strongly urged to go back to        

,aberdeen1 and take his degree in ,july4
 ,this1 it was truly said1 was the      
easiest course1 so far as work was      
concerned4 ,it was certainly the        
cheapest1 and that was a consideration  
he could well appreciate4 ,for a time he
 felt the sore pangs of suspense as to  
the path of duty2 but the more he       
thought over it1 the more evident it    
became1 that were he to go back to      
,aberdeen1 so shortly after being       
publicly rejected1 it would appear that 
he was getting his qualification as a   
favour1 and not as a right1 and that all
 through life a certain suspiciousness  
or doubtfulness would attach to his     
degree1-and therefore to his            
professional standing1-seeing it was so 
immediately preceded by a plucking4 ,he 
could not return to ,aberdeen4 ,the     
following short note to his mother1     
which is the first he wrote after his   
rejection1 shows the quarter in which he
 sought support and guidance3-,m4 ,m4   
,dispensary1 #afth ,may                 

#ahfc4-;,,dearest ,,mother1-,i was      
delighted to get your cheering note1 and
 very glad to hear that you feel        
comforted in mind1 though very lonely4  
,let us cling close to ,jesus1 let us   
draw out of ,his fulness1 and never     
forget that ,he cares for us1-for you1  
and for ,stewart1 and me-infinitely more
 than for the flowers which are looking 
so lovely just now4 ,we may look upon   
ourselves as belonging truly to ,him4   
,may we not1 dear mother8 ,then let us  
believe that all things will be made to 
work together for good for us1-even     
this1 sore trial though at present it   
seems4 ,may ,god bless and comfort you  
by ,his ,spirit1 dear mother4-,your     
affectionate son1 ,,william4  ,when it  
was finally determined that he should   
take an extra year of study and graduate
 in ,edinburgh1 he withdrew as soon as  
possible from all official connection   
with the dispensary1 and took lodgings  
in ,brown ,street2 borrowing money from 
private friends to enable him to meet   

the responsibilities so unexpectedly    
thrown upon him4 ,this was1 to ,mr4     
,elmslie1 perhaps the hardest winter of 
his life4 ,there was no difficulty1 it  
is true1 in finding those who were      
willing enough to lend to him1 but a man
 must borrow with great hesitation and  
consideration1 who honestly intends to  
repay1 as ,mr4 ,elmslie did2 and1       
besides1 one of an independent spirit is
 the less inclined to borrow the greater
 his need4 ,then ,mr4 ,elmslie's mother 
was feeling so much her loneliness1     
through his continued absence from home1
 that he strove to the utmost that she  
should be comfortable1 whatever might   
become of himself4 ,friends could not   
fail to notice that it was to him a     
season of serious self-denial1 and once 
and again1 with the view of moderating  
the severity of the pressure upon him1  
found means to convey help to him       
without letting him know whence it came4
 ,these love tokens were accompanied    
with the single sentence1 ,your ,father 

knoweth that ye have need of these      
things4 ,soon after the packets reached 
their destination1 he ran along to us to
 ask us to help him to give ,god thanks4
  ,before settling down to the hard     
study of the winter1 he cleared off his 
first professional examination in the   
,university at ,edinburgh1 and sent his 
mother the following account of the     
appearance he made3-#f ,brown ,street1  
,edinburgh1 ,nov4 #d1 #ahfc4 ,,my ,,ever
 ,,dear ,,mother1-,bless the ,lord with 
me for ,his great goodness to me6 ,i    
have passed 7my first professional7 at  
the ,university of ,edinburgh1 and more 
than passed1 for the professors passed  
high encomiums on the excellence of my  
papers4 ,prof4 ,balfour was so satisfied
 with my paper on botany1 that he merely
 showed me some microscopic             
preparations1 and asked me to name them4
 ,prof4 ,playfair said my paper on      
chemistry was so good1 that he did not  
intend to put a single question more4   
,on learning that ,i had been a pupil of

 ,prof4 ,brazier's1 he said ,i reflected
 great credit on my former teacher4 ,oh1
 mother1 these were little words1 but   
how sweet they were to me6 ,in my heart1
 all the time ,i listened to them1 ,i   
was blessing ,god for having given me   
power to write such papers1 and thus to 
corroborate all that had been said in   
favour of my character as a student4    
,the paper on natural history was       
without one error1 and ,prof4 ,allman1  
in my viva voce1 was fully satisfied    
with my answers4 ,how thankful ,i am and
 ought to be4 ,i don't think ,i ever    
studied so hard as during the past five 
weeks4 ,the subjects to which ,i had to 
devote my attention were extensive1 and 
,i knew that much depended on my        
success4 ,the thought of that nerved me4
 ,i prayed constantly and earnestly that
 the ,lord would bless my efforts1 and  
,he has6 444 ,please let me have dear   
,stewart's letter1 that ,i may write him
 a long answer4444 ,my communion last   
,sabbath was not so happy as ,i could   

have wished2 my mind was too exhausted  
for full enjoyment1 but ,i was enabled  
to feel myself a sinner1 and once more  
to take ,jesus to be my ,saviour4  ,few 
could say more truthfully than ,mr4     
,elmslie that he prayed constantly and  
earnestly4 ,this session1 especially1   
when labouring to redeem his character  
as a student from the slur cast upon it 
by his rejection1 he seemed to feel the 
need of constant waiting upon ,god4 ,he 
prayed as much as if study were of      
little use2 he studied as hard as if to 
pray were vain4 ,he furnished a good    
illustration of ,praying and ,working4  
,this winter he became secretary to the 
,medical ,student's ,devotional         
,society1 and did what he could to      
promote its interests4 ,there was       
something touching in ,mr4 ,elmslie's   
manner in prayer4 ,he spoke in his      
natural voice1 without a trace of the   
artificial in its tone4 ,his sentences  
were short and very simple1 which gave a
 child-like character to his            

supplications2 and it was encouraging to
 note the confidingness with which1 in  
humbleness of spirit1 he made known his 
wants to his ,father in heaven4  ,the   
following short letter to his mother    
notes the progress of his studies3-#f   
,brown ,street1 #bith ,february1 #ahfd4 
,,my ,,dearest ,,mother1-,your last note
 was very cheering to me4 ,the same post
 brought me one from ,stewart1 telling  
of his safe arrival at his ship1 for    
which ,i join you in thanking our       
,heavenly ,father4 ,i continue to feel  
less nervous1 and am able to study very 
hard4 ,god will bless those strenuous   
efforts1 and1 as you say truly1 dear    
mother1 the time will soon slip away1   
and we shall see each other again4 ,take
 great care of yourself till then1 dear 
mother4 ,my examinations take place     
early in ,april1 but ,i don't intend1 at
 present at least1 to appear again in   
,aberdeen till ,i am doctor of medicine 
from the university2 that can not be    
till the #ast ,august4 ,dr4 ,candlish is

 to deliver the first of his course of  
lectures on the ,fatherhood of ,god     
to-morrow1 and a great treat ,i expect  
it to be4 ,we have lost ,mr4 ,dykes2 you
 will be sorry to hear his health has   
obliged him to leave ,st4 ,george's1    
where his preaching was so much         
appreciated1-and he has gone to rest in 
,italy for the present4 ,god bless and  
comfort you with the precious           
consolations of ,his ,spirit6-,dear     
mother1 your loving son1 ,,william4     
,one subject for prayer which was never 
omitted was guidance as to his future   
sphere of labour4 ,only two of the      
places brought under his notice require 
mention-,bombay and ,kashmir4 ,friends  
interested in the extension of medical  
missions were exerting themselves to    
raise #bjjj1 to guarantee a fair start  
to a medical mission in ,bombay2 but1   
till the sum should be completed1 even  
those who looked upon ,elmslie as the   
very man for the sphere1 and longed to  
possess him1 had not faith to enter into

 a definite agreement with him4 ,gladly 
would ,mr4 ,elmslie have gone to        
,bombay1 for he considered it one of the
 most important heathen centres in      
,india1 where there was full scope for  
the exercise of all the gifts and graces
 wherewith ,god had blessed him4 ,he    
more than once spoke of the unbelief    
that shrunk from fixing him1 when the   
hand of ,god was so manifest in all the 
antecedent movements connected with that
 mission4 ,kashmir was under his notice 
for a considerable time4 ,this was also 
a new mission4  ,it was in the year     
#ahfb1 says the ,rev4 ,mr4 ,clark1 that 
the ,kashmir ,mission was commenced by  
an address which was sent to the ,church
 ,missionary ,society1 signed by most of
 the great and good men who then held in
 their hands the government of the      
,punjaub4 ,they knew that the best means
 of benefitting ,kashmir was the gift of
 ,god's ,word1 and the exemplification  
of ,christian charity4 ,kashmir1 from   
the earliest times1 had been an outlying

 province of the ,punjaub1 and had been 
made over by us to the present reigning 
family not twenty years before2 and     
,christian people desired to place      
within reach of the people in ,kashmir  
the same blessings which they had       
endeavoured to give to the ,punjaub4 ,it
 was during a journey on the            
mountain-road between ,murree and       
,abbottabad1 that the idea first        
occurred to ,dr4 ,cleghorn1 that        
,kashmir was one of those countries     
where the influence of medical skill    
would greatly avail to aid the          
introduction of ,christ's gospel4  ,the 
,church ,missionary ,society's          
,committee of ,correspondence1 ,april   
#e1 #ahfd1 resolved-,that1 adverting to 
the ,christian zeal and extraordinary   
liberality of the friends of the        
,society in the ,punjaub towards the    
establishment of the ,kashmir ,mission1 
and their judgment of the importance to 
its success of a medical missionary1    
this ,committee will make the present   

case an exception to their general      
practice1 and will be willing to enter  
into communication with ,mr4 ,elmslie1  
with a view to his appointment to the   
,kashmir ,mission1 provided that he is  
prepared cordially to act upon the      
missionary principles of the ,society4  
,the movement in this country was       
promoted by ,professor ,balfour1 ,dr4   
,coldstream1 and the ,rev4 ,g4 ,d4      
,cullen1 all of whom took a kind        
interest in ,mr4 ,elmslie1 and the      
result was1 that he was appointed for   
five years a lay agent of the ,church   
,missionary ,society1 and hence his     
,presbyterianism was not much of a      
difficulty4 ,but there was a permanent  
drawback connected with the mission in  
,kashmir3 ,he seems1 writes ,dr4        
,coldstream to be somewhat staggered by 
the rajah's law of exclusion from his   
possessions for six months of each year2
 but ,i have encouraged him to believe1 
that it may be quite possible for him to
 find abundance of occupation during    

that period of exclusion1 in territory  
under ,british rule or protection4  ,i  
can bear testimony1 continues the worthy
 doctor1 very fully and with confidence1
 in favour of ,mr4 ,elmslie1 as having  
apparently all the gifts and graces     
which one desires to see conjoined in a 
medical missionary4  ,his medical       
examinations in ,edinburgh1 at the      
,college of ,surgeons and ,university1  
were duly passed with credit 7he did    
splendidly1 he wrote to his mother71 and
 he was capped in ,august #ahfd1 and    
there was therefore now no ambiguity    
circling round his professional ,status4
 ,instead of writing to his much-loved  
mother1 he rushed home to enjoy her     
company during the few weeks he could   
now afford before sailing for ,india4   
,the following passage from a letter to 
,mrs4 ,coldstream shows the direction of
 his thoughts at this time3-  #bg       
,blackfriars ,street1 ,aberdeen1 #cast  
,august #ahfd4-;,it does greatly gladden
 my heart to know that you have been    

making me and my future labours the     
subject of earnest supplication at the  
throne of grace4 ,i very much need your 
urgent petitions in my behalf1 for      
although ,i have used my prayerful      
endeavour all along to have myself      
qualified for the special work to which1
 ,i trust1 ,i have been called2         
nevertheless1 when ,i get but a dim     
glimpse of the numerous and heavy       
responsibilities and great difficulties 
of my future position1 as a labourer for
 ,jesus among the benighted heathen1 the
 irresistible exclamation of my heart   
is1 ,who is sufficient for these things8
 ,quickly1 however1 ,i have the cheering
 response whispered into the ear of my  
faith by the loving and sympathising    
,one1 ',my grace is sufficient for      
thee4' ,i rest in that declaration of   
our ,saviour4 ,my dear mother1 ,i am    
happy to be able to say1 loves the      
,saviour1 and does not grudge to give up
 a son to work under ,his banner1 who   
has done so much for her soul4 ,who     

would not be willing to give up all to  
,jesus when ,he makes the demand8 ,you  
can easily fancy how very much this     
willing surrendering of me to the ,lord 
by my dear mother diminishes the sorrow 
which we mutually feel at the thought of
 being so far and so long separated4    
,jesus sweetens everything4             
,,chapter ,v4  ,,journey ,,to ,,india4  
,as mentioned by ,dr4 ,elmslie in his   
letter to ,mrs4 ,coldstream1 it greatly 
lessened the trial of parting from his  
mother1 that she came at length to be   
willing to give him up to foreign       
service4 ,long after his own mind was   
satisfied that he was called to labour  
amongst the heathen in distant lands1   
the mother failed to see that there was 
any need that her darling son should go 
so far from home4 ,sometimes she tried  
to introduce the subject1 to plead with 
him from her standpoint2 but whenever   
she approached it1 he held up his hand1 
and1 with an earnest deprecating gesture
 cried1 ,no6 mother1 no4 ,having got1 as

 he believed1 his marching orders from  
the ,captain of ,salvation1 he could not
 confer with flesh and blood4 ,let her  
tell ,jesus1 he used to say2 ,he will   
put all right1 and ,he did1 for she gave
 him up willingly2 and fondly she       
blessed him4 ,it aggravated the trial on
 both sides that ,mrs4 ,elmslie's other 
son-a sailor-was then far away from     
home2 but ,william did his utmost to    
arrange for her comfort after his       
departure4 ,his first note addressed to 
her after rejoining us in ,edinburgh    
bears date1 ,friday night1 and was      
written after special prayer by a few   
friends1 that the ,lord would graciously
 sustain and comfort her3 ,my dearest   
mother 444 cheer up4 ,i am well1 and our
 loving ,father is supporting me        
graciously in this hour of trial4 ,he   
will sustain both of us if we lean on   
,his almighty arm4 ,i leave in an hour  
for ,london after very laborious work in
 ,edinburgh4 ,every one is very kind to 
me4 ,god bless and comfort you4-,your   

loving son1 ,,willie4  ,southampton1    
#aith ,september #ahfd4-,,my ,,ever     
,,dearest ,,mother1-,when ,i dropped you
 my last note ,i was indeed in a very   
great hurry1 for ,i had but a few       
minutes before leaving for ,london4     
,dear ,mr4 ,ritchie's coming with me has
 been a source of great pleasure4 ,i    
heartily wish he were coming all the way
 to ,india4 ,after transacting all my   
business in ,london1 we went down to    
,windsor1 and spent the remainder of    
,saturday and ,sunday with ,uncle       
,stewart and ,emma1 who welcomed us most
 cordially4 ,vine ,cottage is a little  
paradise of a place1 ,i wish ,i could   
transport you to it1 dear mother2 how   
much good it would do you4 ,we went to  
church in old ,windsor where we heard a 
pitiably poor sermon4 ,in the afternoon 
we went to ,st4 ,george's ,chapel at    
,windsor ,castle2 there was no sermon1  
but the music was very grand4 ,i believe
 most of the members of the choir are   
professionals4444  ,i am really well    

now1 dearest mother4 ,i trust you are   
leaning on ,god and rejoicing in ,him4  
,rejoice in the ,lord alway4-,your ever 
loving son1 ,,willie4  ,southampton1    
#bjth ,september #ahfd1 ',poonah4'-,just
 about to sail4 ,sorry about you1 dear  
mother2 only kept up by the knowledge   
that the ,lord ,himself is with you4    
,lean hard on the ,lord1 and may ,he    
spare us to meet6 ,the ,lord bless you  
and comfort you4 ,i shall write from    
,gibraltar in a very few days4-,your    
ever loving son1 ,,willie4  ,poonah1 off
 the coast of ,portugal1 ,sept4         
#bd4-,,my ,,ever ,,dear ,,mother1-,we   
expect to arrive in ,gibraltar to-morrow
 morning1 and ,i cannot let an          
opportunity pass without posting a few  
lines for you4  ,i have great reason for
 thankfulness to our gracious ,father   
for all ,his kindness since ,i left you4
 ,with the exception of one day's       
sickness1 ,i have kept well even through
 the heavy swell on the ,bay of         
,biscay4444  ,i daresay you feel curious

 to know how ,i like board-ship life1   
and who my fellow-passengers are4 ,we   
have ,englishmen1 ,scotchmen1 ,irishmen1
 ,dutchmen1 and old ,indians on board1  
and among the servants there are natives
 of ,india and ,china4 ,poor things1    
they are so looked down upon2 ,i long to
 be able to speak a kind word to them1  
and to tell them that ,god loves them4  
,there are two others in the cabin with 
me1-one a ,christian man1 an officer    
from the ,punjaub1 who knows the        
missionaries there4 ,he also knows ,dr4 
,f--1 and speaks highly in praise of    
him4  ,we have three clergymen with us1 
one of whom is ,archdeacon of ,madras1  
to whom ,major ,r-- proposed that we    
should have morning prayers1 and this   
has been begun4 ,only a few have1 as    
yet1 attended1 but it was pleasant to   
unite in thanking ,god for ,his great   
goodness1 and to claim fulfilment of the
 promise that where two or three are    
gathered together in ,christ's name1 ,he
 will be in the midst of them4 ,to-day  

we had a larger attendance4444 ,my own  
morning reading is the ,bible2 ,i also  
have had great pleasure in reading      
',gentle ,life4' ,our usual routine is3 
at #i1 breakfast2 #aj1 prayers2 reading 
till #ab1 the hour for luncheon2 on deck
 reading or conversing till #d1 when the
 summons to dinner is heard4 ,i must    
tell you what a fix ,i was in the first 
day at dinner4 ,you know what a fear ,i 
have of being called on to carve2 but   
where do you think ,i found my place at 
table1 but right before a dish of fowls6
 ,i had to do my best1 but have managed 
to avoid that seat ever since4 ,after   
dinner there is the same round of       
reading1 talking1 or playing chess4 ,i  
long to be in ,india1 settled to work1  
for this kind of life is mere           
vegetating4 ,i mean to begin the study  
of ,hindustani next week3 this will be  
my chief work for some months to come4  
,pray for me1 dear mother4 ,it is a very
 difficult language2 but you remember   
the miracle of the gift of tongues4 ,the

 ,archdeacon is to preach to-morrow4 ,i 
am sorry to think we are to arrive at   
,gibraltar on a ,sunday1 as ,i shall not
 be able to go and explore4  ,i shall   
take up the thread of my story before we
 reach ,malta1 so as to have a letter   
ready for you when the mail goes out4444
  ,good-night1 dearest mother2 may you  
enjoy much of the presence of the good  
,spirit4-,your ever loving son1         
,,willie4  ,mediterranean ,sea1 ,s4,s4  
,poonah1 #bhth ,sept4 #ahfd4-,,my ,,ever
 ,,dear ,,mother1-,we have had a very   
calm and pleasant run from the ,rock1   
but now we are being so roughly tossed  
by the blue waters of the               
,mediterranean1 that it is with         
difficulty ,i can write4444 ,the        
,archdeacon and captain arranged that   
worship should be in the evening on     
,sunday1 as there was a great deal of   
noise and bustle on the morning of the  
,lord's day4 ,in the evening1           
accordingly1 everything was beautifully 
arranged4 ,a large awning was spread    

over the quarter-deck1 a box erected as 
a desk1 having in front a large lantern1
 and the ,archdeacon preached a very    
good sermon from those words1 ',what    
think ye of ,christ8'  ,after service ,i
 had an interesting conversation with a 
young ,dutch lady1 who is evidently     
dying of consumption4 ,she told me she  
had lived a very thoughtless life1 but  
the glorious light of the ,gospel seems 
to be dawning on her mind4 ,i trust it  
is so1 for her sun is fast setting4444  
,i have begun ,hindustani1 and am kindly
 helped by ,major ,r4  ,the ,lord bless 
and comfort my dear mother4-,your ever  
loving son1 ,,william4  ,to the         
same4-,yesterday forenoon we arrived at 
,malta1 and ,i had the pleasure of      
visiting ,valetta1 its principal city1  
which is composed chiefly of military   
forts of the greatest strength4 ,i am   
told by military men on board that the  
island is considered impregnable4       
,passing along the main street of       
,valetta1 we saw the ,governor's palace4

 ,the women almost all wore black       
mantles over their hair1 in some cases  
fastened with flowers4 ,every second    
person we met was a priest3 there are   
#afjj in the capital alone4 ,we visited 
the great ,church of ,st4 ,john's1-a    
truly magnificent building1 so far as   
costly embellishments go2 but it is     
florid1 and not in harmony with the     
sacred purpose of the edifice4 ,it      
reminded me of ,notre ,dame in ,paris1  
but neither of these buildings please me
 so much as ,te ,duomo in ,florence1 of 
which you have a photograph4 ,a host of 
importunate beggars besieged us as we   
entered ,st4 ,john's1-arrant rogues they
 seemed1 every one of them4 ,the son of 
,louis ,philippe was buried in this     
church1 and over his tomb there is an   
exquisite piece of sculpture4  ,we spent
 a very interesting afternoon with ,mr4 
,gibb1 who took us to see the depot of  
the ,british and ,foreign ,bible        
,society1 the superintendent of which is
 an old soldier1 a soldier of the cross1

 too1 and of the right stamp for such a 
post4 ,four thousand ,bibles were sold  
the year before last1 and through his   
laborious exertions no fewer than twelve
 thousand were disposed of last year4   
,there cannot but be fruit where ,god's 
word is sown1 accompanied as the sowing 
is1 by many an earnest prayer for the   
increase4 ,mr4 ,g4 next took us to see  
the ,public ,library of ,valetta1 which 
belonged originally to the knights of   
,malta1 and in which ,i saw copies of   
the writings of the ,fathers in         
,divinity4 ,there is a university in    
,valetta1 and a capital normal school1  
in which1 in addition to a good         
education1 the boys have lessons in     
shoemaking1 printing1 and carving4444   
,we had to leave the young ,dutch lady  
at ,malta1 as she was too ill to stand a
 further voyage4 ,i trust the ,lord has 
begun a good work in her soul1 and that 
,mr4 ,w41 who has promised to act as    
minister to her1 may be the means of    
helping her heavenward4 ,i am often with

 you in thought1 dearest mother1 and    
trust you are enjoying peace and        
happiness4 ,turn your heart to ,jesus1  
as your flowers turn their heads to the 
sun1 and let your language be1-    ',sun
 of my soul1 ,thou ,saviour dear1   ,it 
is not night if ,thou be near2   ,oh1   
may no earth-born cloud arise1   ,to    
hide ,thee from ,thy servant's eyes6    
-,your ever loving son1 ,,willie4       
,visiting ,alexandria and ,cairo1 he    
writes of the interest with which he saw
 the classic remains in these cities1   
the palm trees1 the camels1 or ships of 
the desert1 the crowded bazaars1 and the
 many other characteristics of an       
eastern country4 ,as a medical man he   
could not fail to notice the sad state  
of the eyes of many of the ,egyptians4  
,the whole voyage was full of novelty to
 him1 and he tried1 by minute           
descriptions of all he saw1 to cheer his
 friends at home4  ,on the way up to    
,calcutta the vessel called at ,madras4 
,i was one1 writes ,dr4 ,elmslie1 of a  

party who went on shore4 ,we had but a  
short time to spend on land1 so we had  
to be active4 ,we first went to the     
,free ,church ,mission premises1 which  
we found easily1 owing to my            
recollection of the description given of
 them in the ',free ,church ,missionary 
,record4' ,the ,rev4 ,mr4 ,miller       
welcomed us most heartily4 ,you may     
remember that he was a member of a      
literary society which met weekly in the
 ,college1 of which ,salmond and ,i were
 also members4 ,he kindly showed us all 
the mission premises4 ,we saw the       
various classes at work and were        
surprised at the extent of the students'
 scholarship4 ,everything is in         
first-rate order4 ,we then drove on to  
see ,mr4 ,paterson of the ,medical      
,mission in ,madras4 ,we were fortunate 
in finding him at home1 and both he and 
,mrs4 ,paterson were cordial in their   
welcome4 ,of course our whole           
conversation turned on medical missions1
 but it had to be short1 as we were soon

 hurried off to our floating home4      
,again he writes to his mother3-,s4,s4  
,simla1 #bgth ,oct4 #ahfd4-,,my ,,ever  
,,dear ,,mother1-,hurrah6 ,we are       
expected to reach ,calcutta to-morrow   
forenoon4 ,since writing from the wild  
barren ,aden ,i have feasted my eyes on 
the luxuriant verdure of ,point de      
,galle1 and breathed the 'spicy breezes'
 of which ,reginald ,heber sang1 and now
 here ,i am drawing near to the field of
 my future labours4444 ,during the      
voyage ,i have read a story called      
',trevelyan ,hold1' in which you will   
find a not inaccurate description of my 
old master3 ',gentle ,life2' ',leisure  
hours in town1' do get1 you would enjoy 
it1 dear mother2 ',true ,yoke-fellows2' 
',life of ,judson4' ,pray1 dear mother1 
that ,i may be like the noble ,judson in
 all in which he resembled our blessed  
,saviour4 ',lady ,m4 ,wortley           
,montague's ,letters' also have         
interested me much4 ,you remember it was
 she who introduced ',inoculation' from 

the east4 ,last1 and best1 ,i have read 
in my ,greek ,testament4 ,the study of  
it has given me much enjoyment4 ,tell me
 everything when you write2 the smallest
 details about yourself and all my      
friends1 and dear ,stewart1 will be     
interesting to me4 ,i hope you are not  
mourning over my absence1 dear mother1  
but rather thanking ,god for sending me 
on the best and noblest of errands1-to  
win some hearts among the perishing     
thousands of ,kashmir to the loving     
,saviour4 ,oh1 dear mother1 ,i long for 
the time when your heart and mine shall 
love ,jesus purely and with all their   
strength4 ,pray very earnestly that our 
gracious ,father may pour out upon us   
the sanctifying influences of ,his      
,spirit4  ,on the #bhth ,october1 about 
#c ,p4,m41 ,dr4 ,elmslie landed in      
,calcutta1 and in a letter to his       
friend1 ,mr4 ,ritchie1 he refers to the 
ravages of the terrible cyclone1 which  
just a short time before had swept over 
that region3-,it was a sad1 sad sight1  

indeed1 to see innumerable and          
unmistakeable proofs of the wild and    
irresistible fury of the recent cyclone1
 as we sailed up the ,hoogley to the    
,indian metropolis4 ,the whole          
surrounding country appeared to be in   
ruins4 ,houses were unroofed1 others    
completely blown down1 gigantic trees   
totally uprooted1 and ships of the      
heaviest tonnage lay high-and-dry on the
 river's banks4 ,by the liberality of   
the ,europeans and ,parsees1 much of the
 consequent sufferings of the poorer    
classes have been relieved4 ,the        
beautiful gardens at ,calcutta are a    
total ruin4 ,it will take a year at     
least to clear the ground of the trees  
that have been felled1 and a hundred    
years to restore some of the most       
beautiful and valuable4 ,how very       
friendly and unsectarian all evangelical
 denominations are here4 ,all who       
profess to love and serve ,christ seem  
to form one loving brotherhood1 as it   
ought to be4     ,,chapter ,,vi4  ,,from

 ,,calcutta ,,to ,,kashmir4   ,as the   
secretary of the ,church ,missionary    
,society was up country when ,dr4       
,elmslie arrived in ,calcutta1 and none 
of the mission circle expected him so   
soon1 he found no one awaiting him1 and 
so for a time he went to a hotel4 ,to   
his mother he writes3-,on ,sunday we    
went to the ,free ,church ,mission      
,church and heard a good ,scotch sermon 
from the ,rev4 ,mr4 ,don4 ,after service
 ,i was introduced to ,dr4 ,robson1 who 
is ,free ,church ,medical ,missionary in
 ,calcutta4 ,dr4 and ,mrs4 ,robson      
kindly asked us to spend the day at the 
,free ,church ,mission ,house1 where we 
were introduced to the native ,christian
 students1 and to one who is not yet in 
,jesus1 but who is groping his way to   
the ,saviour out of heathen darkness4 ,i
 accompanied ,dr4 ,robson and two of the
 native ,christian students to a small  
open meeting-house1 situated in the     
native town4 ,here ,dr4 ,robson read one
 or two chapters of the ,holy           

,scriptures in ,bengali to a crowd      
collected outside4 ,many listened with  
great attention as if pondering what    
they heard4 ,after ,dr4 ,robson had     
finished1 one of the students addressed 
the assembly in ,bengali on the words to
 which they had been listening4 ,his    
address seemed earnest and eloquent4    
,questions were asked and objections    
raised1 and1 while the two students were
 busy in answering them1 ,dr4 ,robson   
was giving away religious tracts in     
,english to those in the crowd who could
 read ,english4 ,in the evening ,dr4    
,robson took me to the ,deistical       
,church1 where thirty young men were    
gathered together4 ,the services were   
begun by a hired musician1 who played on
 a kind of native harp accompanying it  
with his voice4 ,after this1 one of the 
members read prayers1 the congregation  
repeating them after him4 ,prayers      
ended1 another of the company read what 
would correspond to a sermon1 but which 
consisted of a description of the       

miseries of the pitiable sufferers in   
the recent cyclone1 and a collection was
 made on their behalf4 ,the members of  
this association are men thoroughly     
convinced of the absurdities of         
,hinduism1 but to whom the pure and     
man-humbling doctrines of ,christianity 
are unattractive and therefore rejected4
 ,oh that the ,lord would open their    
eyes that they may see6  ,on ,monday1   
the #cast1 the ,governor-,general       
arrived in ,calcutta1 and ,dr4 ,f4 came 
at once to see me1 and ,i got a very    
cordial reception from him4  ,journal1  
,nov4 #b1 #ahfd4-,visited the ,medical  
,college and the ,sailors' ,home with   
,dr4 ,f4  ,nov4 #c4-,read in #ast       
,epistle of ,john 7,greek72 met several 
members of ,church ,missionary ,society 
,committee1 among whom was ,colonel     
,bacon1 who has been in ,kashmir1 and   
thus able to give me some information   
about the state of its people4 ,my      
,lord1 fit me for my work among them1 ,i
 beseech thee6  ,nov4 #fth4-,to-day read

 ,duff's ,missionary ,addresses4 ,oh for
 his enthusiasm as a missionary6 ,i do  
love ,thee1 my ,saviour1 and think ,i am
 quite willing to take up my cross and  
follow ,thee1 if only thou fulfil ,thy  
considerate and loving promise to be    
ever with me6 ,thou wilt fulfil it1 dear
 ,jesus6 ,went with ,dr4 ,cleghorn to   
church4 ,how my heart warmed when ,i saw
 him and ,mrs4 ,c41-children of ,god    
from dear old ,scotland4 ,we spent the  
evening in reading ,god's ,word and in  
prayer4 ,it was a feast to my soul4 ,oh6
 that our gracious ,god may richly      
answer the prayers we then offered up   
for an outpouring of blessing on        
missions everywhere1 and especially on  
the ,medical ,mission to ,kashmir4 ,oh6 
that ,he may qualify me for the         
difficult work which lies before me1    
granting me heavenly wisdom6  ,nov4     
#hth4-,read an interesting account of   
the analysis of some specimens of       
,cinchona ,succirubra ,bark1 grown in   
,ootacamund4 ,the result of the         

examination proves that this species of 
,c4 bark1 cultivated in ,india1 is far  
superior to the same species reared in  
,south ,america4 ,six per cent4 of      
alkaloid was obtained from it1 of which 
three parts were quinine4 ,cultivation  
seems to have the desirable effect of   
increasing the percentage of quinine4   
,nov4 #hth4-,was present at the         
,missionary ,conference1 which is       
composed of all the ,evangelical        
,missionaries in ,calcutta4 ,they meet  
monthly in each other's houses4  ,dr4   
,f4 thinks ,i ought soon to set off for 
,lahore1 where ,i shall enjoy the       
advantage of a large hospital1 with     
opportunities of performing surgical    
operations1 and where ,i shall be near  
the scene of my future labours4 ,this   
arrangement commends itself to me1      
therefore please send letters to ,post  
,office1 ,lahore4444 ,dear mother1 you  
are often in the thoughts and ever in   
the prayers of your loving son1         
,,william4  ,dr4 ,elmslie spent a       

fortnight of much enjoyment with ,mr4   
,vaughan of the ,church ,missionary     
,society in ,calcutta1 and during this  
time visited all the important          
institutions of the city4 ,he was much  
interested in the work carried on by    
,dr4 ,robson1 then ,medical ,missionary 
in connection with the ,free ,church4   
,of a visit paid to one of ,dr4         
,robson's patients1 he writes thus3-,the
 young man was a student of the         
university4 ,i asked if he had studied  
the ,bible1 but he confessed that for   
some time he had not given it serious   
consideration4 ,he said he had found    
great difficulty in some portions of the
 ,new ,testament4 ,i asked him to       
specify one of those portions1 and he   
immediately mentioned that passage where
 our ,lord enumerates the marks of a    
disciple4 ,i rashly hazarded an         
explanation1 but it would have been     
wiser to have avowed its difficulty1 as 
it was a subject ,i had not studied in  
its theological bearings4 ,how much ,i  

have to learn6 ,how much ,i need        
,heavenly wisdom6 ,i meet many who are  
far better qualified than ,i for        
carrying on the glorious work of        
evangelisation4 ,nevertheless1 ,i       
believe there is a niche for me1        
,father1 even me6 ,thou knowest my      
heart1 ,o ,lord2 and ,thou knowest that 
,i love ,thee6  ,nov4 #ah4-,punctually  
at #g ,a4,m41 the ,hon4 ,mr4 ,muir1 ,dr4
 ,f41 and ,dr4 ,c4 rode into the        
compound of the ,church ,mission ,house 
to bid me farewell1 and ,dr4 ,f4 and    
,dr4 ,c4 accompanied me to the railway  
station4 ,we crossed the ,howrah by     
ferry1 and at #h o'clock ,i was hurried 
away from those dear ,christian men who1
 during all my stay in ,calcutta1 were  
ever doing me kindnesses4 444 ,and their
 kindnesses accompanied him2 for ,it was
 arranged1 writes ,dr4 ,cleghorn1 at a  
little conference in the ,church        
,mission ,house1 consisting of the ,rev4
 ,mr4 ,stewart1 ,dr4 ,farquhar1 ,dr4    
,cleghorn1 and ,dr4 ,elmslie1 that ,dr4 

,elmslie should start yesterday1 the    
#ahth4 ,the route was prepared1 and     
special friends were advised of his     
expected arrival4 ,a little company of  
us here have more than once commended   
,dr4 ,elmslie to ,god in united prayer4 
,we partook together of the communion on
 ,sabbath1 and at the railway station we
 felt it to be a solemn duty to wish    
this new labourer ',god-speed1' and to  
pray for large success4 ,we have        
suggested that ,dr4 ,elmslie should     
remain for several months at ,lahore to 
learn the language1 see the system of   
instruction at the ,medical ,college1   
and perhaps find a native agent to      
accompany him to ,kashmir when the      
season opens4  ,on the way to ,lahore1  
he ever after remembered most gratefully
 the kindness received from all his     
brother missionaries4 ,his next letter  
to his mother is dated ,amritsar1 ,dec4 
#bj1 #ahfd1 and in it he recounts some1 
out of many1 of the interesting events  
of the journey3-  ,since ,i last wrote  

to you1 my time has been spent in       
travelling nearly fourteen hundred      
miles1 receiving hearty welcomes from   
dear ,christians at every halting-place1
 visiting schools1 dispensaries1        
hospitals1 and prisons4 ,one of the most
 interesting sights ,i saw in ,calcutta 
was the examination of the college      
instituted by ,dr4 ,duff1 and the       
distribution of prizes to the most      
deserving students by ,sir ,john        
,lawrence4 ,it is the first time that a 
governor-general of ,india has done the 
like in a missionary institution1 and we
 may hope that it betokens a new and    
brighter era in the history of the land4
 ,i believe there are scholars from this
 institution in almost every corner of  
,northern ,india1 and that they are     
noted for their learning1 and for their 
,christian character4  ,my first        
resting-place on the journey from       
,calcutta to ,amritsar was at ,benares1 
the ,rome or ,mecca of ,india4 ,it is   
the stronghold of ,hinduism1 and the    

most bigoted city in ,india1 so that you
 can believe ,i saw much to sadden me1  
much1 too1 to make me glad2 for         
missionary operations are being carried 
on most vigorously4 ,i must tell you an 
incident which happened when ,i was     
visiting one of the great temples there4
 ,as the crowds of worshippers entered  
the temple1 ,i saw that every one was   
furnished with flowers1 some in         
garlands1 others in bouquets1 which were
 meant as offerings to the god1 or to   
make them fit to appear before it4 ,the 
room into which we were conducted was   
dimly lighted4 ,i could only just       
perceive a block of wood or stone1      
shaped in the form of the head of a     
fish4 ,it stood on the ground1 enclosed 
by a little fence of stone work1 and    
near it stood a priest1 who1 on seeing  
me1 stepped forward1 and threw a garland
 of flowers round my neck before ,i was 
aware4 ,fancy me decked as if ready to  
worship this contemptible deity6        
,he1-this sensual-looking priest1       

implored me for money1 which1 however1  
,i did not give4  ,at ,allahabad ,i     
spent some very happy days in the house 
of the ,hon4 ,mr4 ,muir4 ,i was asked to
 conduct a prayer-meeting among the     
soldiers1 which ,i consented to do1 but 
with very mixed feelings4 ,i do desire  
to commend ,christ by word as well as by
 deed1 but ,i am such a poor speaker4   
,however1 ,i do not think this a        
sufficient reason for refusing1 when    
offered the opportunity of speaking for 
the ,lord4 ,with ,god's help1 ,i shall  
try to speak more for ,him than ,i have 
ever yet done4 ,i spent some pleasant   
days at ,delhi1 ,umballa1 and           
,jullunder1 where ,i had the privilege  
of meeting ,sir ,herbert ,edwards1 who  
was staying with my kind host ,mr4      
,elliott4 ,sir ,herbert is a great      
friend to the ,kashmir ,medical         
,mission1 and spoke freely of his views 
as to our policy there4 ,his opinion    
corresponds with that of ,mr4 ,clark4   
,from ,jullunder ,i went to ,loodiana1  

and1 along with the ,american           
missionary1 ,mr4 ,woodside1 visited the 
,rajah of ,kapurthla1 who seemed anxious
 about the real good of his people4444  
,with all my heart wishing you and dear 
,stewart a very happy ,new ,year1-,your 
own loving son1 ,,willie4  ,amritsar    
,journal1 ,dec4 #af1 #ahfd4-;,drove with
 ,mr4 ,w4 to see the ,mission ,school4  
,on our way1 ascended one of the very   
lofty minarets1 from which we had a     
wonderfully extensive view of the city  
and its neighbourhood4 ,the famous tank 
and splendid ,golden ,temple of the     
,sikhs lay at our feet4 ,we visited the 
temple1 but1 before entering1 we were   
requested to change our shoes for cloth 
slippers1 as the cow is considered a    
sacred animal with the ,sikhs4 ,the     
temple is situated in the midst of the  
famous tank of ,amritsar1 and is        
approached by a pier paved with most    
beautiful marble4 ,it is one sheet of   
gold and mirrors within4 ,a man wearing 
a large crimson turban was seated in    

front of an immense cushion1 on which   
lay the ,sikh ,bible1 or ,granth4       
,around this man several other priests  
were seated1 and near them there were   
three musicians1 who continued to play  
in a strange monotonous style4  ,the    
offerings brought and laid before the   
,granth by the poor worshippers were not
 very munificent1 consisting chiefly of 
flowers1 or rice1 or paise4 ,the chief  
priest uncovered the book1 and read a   
portion of it1 not much to our          
edification4  ,there are two sects of   
,sikhs1 the followers of ,namak1 who    
was1 considering his opportunities1 an  
enlightened man1 and a lover of peace2  
and the followers of ,govind1 who held  
that the ,sikh religion should be       
promoted by the sword4 ,his sword is    
kept in a separate temple4444  ,we next 
visited the ,mission ,school1 where ,i  
examined three of the classes1 and found
 them very well grounded indeed4  #ahth 
,dec4-,went to ,english ,church1 where  
,mr4 ,watkin preached from the words1   

,the ,lord is at hand1 an impressive    
sermon4 ,afterwards ,i enjoyed some     
sweet communion with ,god4 ,in the      
evening ,mr4 and ,mrs4 ,c41 ,mr4 ,r41   
and myself formed a little party for    
,bible reading1 and had a very          
interesting conversation on ,rom4 iii4  
#bast4-,hard at work at ,hindustani4    
,read paper on ,kashmir1 kindly lent me 
by ,mr4 ,clark4 ,o ,lord1 how much he   
and ,i need ,thy ,holy ,spirit to be    
infused as a spirit of wisdom and of    
strong faith4  #beth4-,partook of the   
,lord's ,supper1 and afresh dedicated   
myself to the ,lord who died for me4    
,realised how unworthy ,i am1 how       
imperfect my life is6 ,o ,lord1 make    
,thine own child something like his     
,father2 give me much more of the family
 likeness6 ,went in afternoon to native 
church1 and heard ,daud ,singh1 the     
native pastor1 preach4 ,the boys and    
girls from the orphanages formed the    
principal part of the congregation4 ,the
 church is most suitably planned1 so    

that heathen listeners may gather in the
 verandah1 and hear the word of ,god4   
#bfth4-,studied hard all forenoon4 ,aid 
me1 ,lord6  ,mr4 ,c4 received peremptory
 orders from ,jummoo to remove all his  
furniture from the bungalow in          
,srinagar1 in which he had deposited it 
on his departure from the valley4 ,this 
is trying and perplexing4 ,i would refer
 it all to ,thee1 ,o ,lord2 for the     
matter is ,thine1 not mine4 ,i am       
lamentably ignorant1 but ,thou art      
omniscient4 ,at present the horizon     
looks black and lowering1 but affairs   
committed to ,god's care cannot but go  
well in the end4 ,read ,hgel's ,travels 
in ,kashmir4  #cjth4-,went with ,mr4 ,c4
 and ,mr4 ,f4 to have an interview with 
,sir ,e4 ,montgomery1 who received us   
cordially1 and made many inquiries      
respecting the various missions with    
which we are individually connected4444 
,o ,lord1 make me a better servant and  
missionary6 ,i mourn over my leanness3  
fill me with ,thy ,spirit1 that ,i may  

bring forth fruit to ,thy praise6 ,read 
,hgel4  ,jan4 #ast4-,had some delightful
 hours alone with ,god4 ,oh1 for a      
closer walk with my ,god and ,saviour6  
#c;d4-,hindustani for three hours4 ,home
 letters at last4 ,dr4 ,burns ,thomson's
 first ,medical ,missionary circular4   
,may the ,lord copiously bless it6      
,spent some hours in a native druggist's
 shop in the city1 and learned a great  
deal about the medicines used by        
,hakims4 ,while there1 a funeral        
procession passed1 followed by a number 
of women dressed in very coarse         
garments1 and wailing bitterly4 ,am told
 their grief is not all genuine2 some of
 them were paid mourners4  ,dr4 ,elmslie
 reached ,lahore on ,jan4 #ahth1 and    
wrote next day3-,lahore1 #aith ,jan4    
#ahfe4-;,at ,lahore at last1 and hoping 
to have some earnest hard work before it
 is time to go to ,kashmir4 ,we are     
likely to meet with many difficulties in
 our missionary operations1 but the     
,lord is on our side1 and ,he will turn 

the hearts of those high in power1 so   
that the good news of ,his dear ,son may
 be told to the inhabitants of that     
lovely land4 ,i had a brief interview   
with ,mr4 ,m,leod1 the                  
lieutenant-governor1 to-day1 and also   
visited ,mr4 ,cooper1 who was for some  
time ,british resident in ,srinagar4 ,he
 said he would readily give me letters  
of introduction to the leading men in   
,kashmir1 if ,i were merely going there 
as a physician1 unconnected with a      
,christian mission4  ,feb4 #c;d4-,have  
undertaken a class in ,mr4 ,forman's    
school2 got on pretty well1 having      
studied carefully beforehand2 first     
wrote out the lesson in ,hindustani1 and
 had it corrected by my ,moonshee4 ,the 
boys are so dirty4 ,dear mother1 what   
would you think of them6 yet they are   
often profusely decorated with ornaments
 of gold and silver4  #adth4-,your      
troublesome cough back again6 ,i can't  
tell you how sorry ,i am for that4 ,i am
 delighted to hear of ,j4 ,w4's success3

 he must press on1 and make ',excelsior'
 his motto4 ,and is it true that my     
little name-daughter has been taken away
 to swell the numbers of the lambs in   
the fold above8 ,i remember a sweet     
verse of a hymn which you may like to   
send her mother-    ',ere sin could     
blight1 or sorrow fade1     ,death came 
with friendly care2   ,the opening bud  
to heaven conveyed1     ,and bade it    
blossom there4'  ,i shall write to her  
mother1 whose kindness to me ,i can     
never forget4444 ,i am labouring hard at
 the language1 and have a teacher-a     
,moonshee-for two hours daily4 ,i teach 
for two hours in the ,mission ,school1  
and sometimes spend as much as three    
hours in the ,government ,hospital1     
which ,i visit daily1 in order to become
 familiar with ,indian complaints4 ,i   
meant to spin you a long yarn about the 
country and the people1 but must defer  
till my next4-,your ever loving son1    
,,william4  ,lahore1 ,feb4 #bhth4-,so   
thankful1 my dearest mother1 that you   

feel better4 ,summer is coming1 with its
 genial sunshine and bright blue skies1 
and all the gladness which nature in our
 dear ,scotland can display1 and you    
must go to the country and see it all4  
,i should like you to go to ,ballater1  
and see the beautiful everlasting       
mountains ,i love so much4 ,yes1 you    
will go and write and tell me all about 
them4 ,how ,i long to see hills4 ,this  
country of ,india is just a dead        
level1-as smooth as the table of your   
best room4 ,when journeying from        
,calcutta ,i saw some hills1 though very
 diminutive ones2 my heart was gladdened
 within me1 they reminded me so much of 
,deeside4 ,the other day ,i read a good 
criticism of ,enoch ,arden1 one of      
,tennyson's poems1 which ,i read to you 
on the banks of the ,fench1 near        
,banchory1 when you and ,i visited that 
lovely spot4 ,how ,i delight in         
recalling those bright days in our past4
 ,if it please ,god1 dearest mother1 ,i 
hope we shall again visit the ',falls1' 

and again speak together of ,god's      
wonderful goodness to us both4 ,i shall 
soon see higher mountains than you or ,i
 have ever yet beheld4 ,the great       
,himalayas1 in the midst of which lies  
cradled my future home1 or perhaps ,i   
should say my field of work4 ,i know you
 would like to read about it4 ,the books
 which ,i find give one the most        
interesting information are1            
,jacquemont's ,travels1 ,moorcroft's1   
and ,vigne's ditto4 ,if ,god spare me ,i
 purpose writing a book more            
comprehensive than any of them1 as ,i   
shall have valuable opportunities for   
gathering information if spared to      
remain for a sufficient length of time  
in the valley4444 ,let me have much of  
your earnest prayers2 ,i shall need them
 and expect them4 ,by praying1 dear     
mother1 you will immeasurably help me1  
even more than if you were travelling   
with me over these strange lands4 ,how  
the people of this dark land need the   
gospel1 which alone can elevate and     

purify them6 ,you can form no idea of   
their wickedness1 but it corroborates   
the description given by ,st4 ,paul in  
,romans i4 ,much is being done for them1
 both by ,government and by             
,missionaries1 but so deep-seated is the
 evil1 that you see as yet but little   
resulting from those efforts1-the evil  
seems to absorb the good just as a      
burning sandy waste absorbs the rain    
which falls on it4 ,there are no fewer  
than #fjd female schools in the         
,punjaub1 but what are they among the   
millions8 and if taught by heathen      
teachers1 what result can we look for8  
,you would laugh many a time1 dear      
mother1 at the significant looks and    
smiles of my little brown-faced charge  
at the ,mission ,school1 when ,i attempt
 to launch out1 and make blunders in the
 language in so doing4 ,i never mind1   
but hold on my way1 for some direct     
mission work ,i must do1 however feebly4
 ,it is encouraging to me that those    
signals of my mistakes are becoming     

fewer and fewer4 ,when ,i go to ,kashmir
 ,i shall have a new language to learn1 
and it will be much more difficult to   
acquire1 because there are no grammars  
nor dictionaries of ,kashmiri4 ,those ,i
 must make for myself1 and have already 
done something towards this work4  ,i   
forgot to recommend to you a delightful 
book1 written by that good doctor in    
,edinburgh1 ,george ,wilson2 it is      
called ',counsels of an ,invalid4' ,get 
it if you can4444 ,my warmest love to   
you1 dearest mother4  ,april #e1        
#ahfe4-,so -- is after the loaves and   
fishes1 is he8 ,tell him he will never  
cease to repent it if he draw back from 
the service of the ,lord1 to which he   
has devoted himself many times4 ,i trust
 the ,lord may show him that it is a    
glorious service1 from which none should
 swerve4 ,poor ,r4 ,b41 his race has    
soon been run1 but today he is reaping  
the inexpressible joy of being saved by 
,jesus4 ,it is this assurance which     
makes life on earth bearable4 ,it is the

 bright hope of this that has sustained 
me up to this time4 ,it is very         
remarkable that every letter from home  
has told me of some well-known friend's 
death2 this makes me anxious1 but1 as   
you say1 we are each one in ,god's      
hands1 and this thought should allay our
 fears1 and calm the disturbed mind4 ',i
 will never leave thee1 nor forsake     
thee4' ,i feel sorry and astonished to  
hear that ,mrs4 -- is so proud4 ,but1   
dear mother1 we are all frail in some   
way4 ,oh1 to be really like ,jesus6 in  
humility and in everything else in which
 it is possible for us to resemble ,him4
 ,to strive after this is really our    
life-work4  ,it was resolved at a       
harmonious meeting of the committee1    
which met on ,friday1 that ,i should    
start for ,kashmir on ,april #aath1 and 
travel by ,rawal ,pindee and ,murree4 ,a
 proposition was made that ,i should go 
along with the ,bishop of ,calcutta1 who
 is to spend a month in the valley for  
the benefit of his health1 but ,i was   

opposed to this plan1 for this reason1  
that the natives look on him as a great 
public functionary1 in short1 as one of 
the highest in the ,government2 and ,i  
fear1 if ,i were to accompany him1 that 
the natives of ,kashmir would consider  
me too a servant of ,government1 and so 
my mission would be frustrated4 ,the    
committee agreed with me4 ,my policy in 
,kashmir is to be one of peace4         
,journal1 ,april #bjth4-,travelled from 
,lahore to ,rawal ,pindee in a          
,government gri1 a curious lumbering    
conveyance1 drawn by the most wretched  
and stubborn of horses4 ,from ,rawal    
,pindee partly by hill-cart1 and partly 
by mule4 ,the hill-cart certainly excels
 the gri in speed if not in comfort4 ,it
 is something like an ,irish car on two 
high wheels1 and although the road to   
,murree is all more or less steep1 the  
horses seemed almost to fly along the   
way4 ,it is curious to find one's self  
mounting terrace after terrace of the   
steep mountain side1 and to look down on

 the great landscape of the plains you  
have left4 ,rhododendrons1 honeysuckle1 
clematis1 geraniums1 acacias on every   
side1 mingling with the grand ,alpine   
firs4 ,murree itself is a ,swiss-like   
station1 every house built in some cleft
 of the mountain side2 from it you see  
the everlasting snows not very far off4 
#bast4-,left ,murree with the ,rev4 ,mr4
 ,handcock of ,peshawar4 ,after ten     
miles ride reached ,dawal about         
midnight4  #bb;d4-,from ,dawal to       
,kohalla2 a beautiful ride all down     
mountain side2 passed through quantity  
of snow4 ,saw tiny yellow ,potentilla   
,tormentilla1 also the ,pteris          
,quadrifolia1 and ,primula ,vulgaris2   
very few birds to be seen among the     
pines which clothe those mountains      
through which we passed2 the odour of   
the pines most charming4 ,half way to   
,kohalla saw the river ,jhelum wending  
its way from ,kashmir4 ,arriving at     
,kohalla1 found the rest-bungalow       
preoccupied4 ,dined under a tree4       

,afterwards ,qadir ,bakhsh addressed the
 coolies and people from the village4   
,one of the men was almost totally blind
 from cicatrices on the cornea2 an      
artificial pupil would have done wonders
 for him4  ,april #bdth4-,after seeing  
most of our baggage off on coolies'     
backs we crossed the rapidly flowing    
,jhelum in a ferry-boat1 the oarmen of  
which seemed wonderfully dexterous4 ,in 
climbing the rugged road to ,dhunna had 
many a fall1 and arrived in a bruised   
and tired condition1 but said that ,i   
should be glad to see any of the sick   
people in the village if they came after
 breakfast4 ,it was now #aa ,a4,m41 and 
an hour after1 a large company had      
assembled2 some sixteen of whom became  
my patients4  ,in a communication to us1
 written as he passed up country1 it    
came out on every page how much ,dr4    
,elmslie magnified his office as a      
,medical ,missionary4 ,from the time he 
left ,england till now1 when he enters  
,kashmir1 he never let slip an          

opportunity of gathering or giving      
information about ,medical ,missions1   
and anything hopeful regarding their    
extension gladdened his heart4 ,when at 
,jullunder1 on my way to ,lahore1 ,i met
 with the ,rev4 ,mr4 ,woodside of the   
,american ,presbyterian ,mission1 whose 
sphere of labour is ,kapurthala4 ,you   
are perhaps aware that the ,rajah of    
,kapurthala is favourably disposed to   
,christianity4 ,he contributes very     
largely to missionary objects1 and has  
built a handsome church entirely at his 
own expense4 ,his ,highness has also    
built a large and commodious house for a
 ,medical ,missionary4 ,i trust a       
suitable agent will soon be appointed to
 this place4 ,the sphere is an excellent
 one4 ,as ,david 7,young7 is nearly     
finished1 ,i have asked ,mr4 ,w4 to     
write to him4 ,at ,allahabad ,i met the 
,rev4 ,mr4 ,williamson1 ,presbyterian   
,chaplain in one of ,her ,majesty's     
regiments1 now serving in ,india4 ,he   
belongs to the ,established ,church of  

,scotland4 ,but there is little or      
nothing of the ',isms' in ,india4 ,love 
to the ,saviour is the shibboleth4 ,mr4 
,williamson became so full of ,medical  
,missions that he resolved to write to  
,dr4 ,norman ,m,leod about having a     
,medical ,missionary sent to the        
,established ,church ,mission at        
,sealkote4 ,when ,dr4 ,elmslie returned 
to ,scotland in #ahgj1 he had the joy of
 meeting for an hour or so1 in          
,edinburgh1 a young ,medical            
,missionary-,dr4 ,hutchison-just        
starting for ,sealkote4     ,,chapter   
,,vii4  ,,kashmir-,,its ,,people1 ,,etc4
   ,it may be well to precede ,dr4      
,elmslie into the valley that is to be  
the principal scene of his future       
labours1 to get a glimpse of the        
country1 the people1 the ,government1   
c41 that we may the more intelligently  
accompany him in his work4  ,the valley 
of ,kashmir is situated to the north of 
the ,punjaub1 between north latitudes   
#cc and #ce1 and east longitudes #gd and

 #gf4 ,its height above the level of the
 sea is about #ecej feet4 ,the range of 
mountains to the south of this far-famed
 valley1 and separating it from the     
,punjaub1 is called the ,pir ,panjal1   
the average height of which1 above the  
level of the sea1 is about #ab1jjj feet4
 ,the two main passes in this mountain  
range are the ,banihal1 at an elevation 
of #ibjj feet1 and the ,pir ,panjal at a
 height of #aa1djj feet4 ,the valley    
itself1 which is very flat and fertile1 
is about #ej miles in length and #bj in 
breadth4 ,through the middle of the     
valley flows the broad bosomed ,jhelum  
in a westerly direction4 ,on both banks 
of this river1 and equally distant from 
either end of the valley1 stands        
,kashmir or ,srinagar1 the capital of   
the country4 ,although ,srinagar1 as a  
city1 is possessed of uncommonly great  
facilities for excellent sanitation in a
 magnificent river and numerous canals1 
it is nevertheless extremely filthy4    
,the climate of the valley of ,kashmir  

is characterised by great salubrity4    
,from the middle of ,june till the      
middle of ,august1 the heat in the      
valley is sometimes a little            
disagreeable4 ,the nights1 however1 are 
always cool and pleasant4 ,the          
temperature is sometimes as high as #ij 
indoors during the time specified4  ,the
 total population of the valley1        
excluding that of any of the surrounding
 countries1 and the inhabitants of the  
mountains is #djb1gjj4  ,this number is 
divided thus3-   #a4 ,sunnees1 or       
,mussulmans as they call themselves1    
#cab1gjj  #b4 ,sheeas1 sect of          
,mussulmans1                            
#ae1jjj  #c4 ,hindoos1                  
#ge1jjj                                 
-------        ,total population1       
#djb1gjj                                
,population of ,srinagar3-   #a4        
,sunnees1                               
#ie1djj  #b4 ,sheeas1                   
#g1jjj  #c4 ,hindoos1                   
#be1jjj                                 

-------        ,total population of     
,srinagar1                  #abg1djj    
,in ,kashmir there are #bi1dcj shawl    
weavers4  ,the clothing of the          
,kashmiris1 both men and women1 consists
 essentially of one long loose woollen  
garment1 which extends from the neck to 
the ankles1 and is not very unlike a    
woollen night-gown4 ,so far as this     
article of clothing is concerned1 men   
and women are dressed exactly alike4    
,the men1 however1 frequently wear a    
kamarband round their waists when they  
have a journey to make1 or some piece of
 work to perform which requires more or 
less of activity4 ,the sleeves of the   
garment being wide and capacious1 the   
wearer can with the greatest facility   
take his or her arms out of them1 and   
place them alongside the body1 in       
immediate contact with the bare skin4444
  ,the houses of the ,kashmiris are not 
at all calculated to afford efficient   
shelter to their occupants against the  
inclemency of the weather in winter1    

being for the most part built of wood1  
and being besides generally in the most 
rickety and tumble-down condition       
imaginable4 ,so far as the writer is    
aware1 they are entirely destitute of   
fireplaces1 and when a fire is kindled  
inside one of them1 the smoke must find 
a way of escape1 either by the door or  
the window1 which is never of glass1    
but1 as a rule1 of trellis work1 which  
is often very pretty1 and for which     
,kashmir is justly famous4  ,coal being 
unknown in the valley1 wood is the      
material generally employed as fuel4    
,the very poorest of the people1        
however1 collect in the summer and      
autumn the ordure of cattle1 which they 
mix with straw and then form into round 
cakes1 which they dry in the sun's rays 
and carefully preserve against the      
coming winter4444  ,the ,kashmiris being
 extremely poor and inactive1 and the   
climate at different seasons of the year
 being unpleasantly and bitterly cold1  
the inhabitants of the ,fair ,valley are

 in the habit of carrying about with    
them1 wherever they go1 earthenware     
pots1 which they have denominated       
kangris4 ,these kangris or portable     
braziers are made of clay of varying    
fineness1 and are usually covered with  
wicker-work1 more or less ornamented    
according to the price of the article4  
,men and women1 young and old1 rich and 
poor1 ,hindoo and ,mussulman1 all have  
their kangri1 and all consider it       
indispensable in the cold season4 ,the  
fuel consumed in the kangri is charcoal1
 and the heat evolved is often          
considerable4444  ,when the weather is  
extremely cold1 it is customary for both
 men and women1 while walking about out 
of doors1 to carry the kangri under     
their loose woollen gowns1 and in close 
proximity with the bare skin1 the effect
 of which is often to produce a kind of 
cancer on those parts of the body most  
frequently subjected to this kind of    
irritation4  ,in the ,christian         
,intelligencer for ,march #ahga1 there  

is an anonymous paper of much beauty and
 power from which the following         
particulars are gleaned3-,let me speak  
first of the beauties and excellencies  
of the valley1 and let me afterwards    
tell why1 notwithstanding all these1    
,kashmir has left a sad picture on my   
mind4 ,first-,the country itself4       
,where1 taking it as a whole1 is        
anything more beautiful8 ,i do not mean 
to say1 that after all one has heard of 
it1 there is not a shade of             
disappointment as one enters the valley 
by the ,murree route2 for it is not     
until you are fairly in the midst of the
 valley that you appreciate its beauty4 
,to say that it is like an emerald set  
in silver1 is to give but the faintest  
idea of the exquisite beauty of that    
bright green plain1 with its broad      
stream1 the ,jhelum1 running through it1
 and encircled on every side by         
snow-capped hills4 ,beautiful as a      
whole1 it is far more so in its details4
 ,its great swelling quiet river        

rippling down from one end to the other2
 its glittering lakes overshadowed by   
giant rocks of every shape and shade2   
its grand groves of chinar 7the grandest
 tree ,i have ever seen1 its colouring  
so full of contrast1 its shade so       
perfect1 its size almost incredible72   
its orchards of fragrant fruit2 its     
numberless mountain streams and rushing 
brooks 7for it is indeed a land of      
fountains and streams of water72 its    
quaint picturesque villages1 with their 
houses almost like the fanciful ,dutch  
houses of our children's toys2 its      
massive ruins carrying one back into    
another world1 and about which the      
,english visitor is almost inclined to  
endorse the superstition of the         
natives1-that they were not built by    
men1 but by some race of giants who     
lodged those great stones in the places 
from which man has never been able to   
remove them1-all these make its beauty  
as varied as striking2 such a variety as
 perhaps is seen nowhere else in the    

world4 ,and then1 whichever way you     
branch out from the central valley up   
its smaller vales1 there is still the   
same or even greater beauty4 ,rushing   
rivers with snow cold water flinging    
themselves over rocks and stones2 little
 villages hid under the shade of        
towering walnut trees2 and1 as you get  
further up1 peaks reaching up to heaven1
 glaciers1 from under which bellow forth
 dark dazzling streams4 ,or1 if we climb
 the hills round the valley1 we come    
upon beautiful murgs1 as they are       
called1 plains on the tops of hills1    
covered with wild flowers1 among which  
you may wade above your knees and in ten
 minutes gather such a variety1 as your 
two hands cannot clasp1-forget-me-not1  
,canterbury bells1 buttercups1          
columbine1 and a hundred other dear old 
,english friends1-while round the edge  
of these bright green meadows rise up   
the dark green deodars4 ,or we go up    
bleaker hills1 and come upon great      
mountain lakes 7tarns we should call    

them in ,yorkshire71 so cold1 so        
solitary1 so awing4  ,but there are     
other things in ,kashmir to please      
besides the scenery4 ,the people are    
certainly a peculiarly fine race4 ,the  
men strong and handsome1 capable of     
carrying with ease a maund1 or even     
more1 for fifteen miles over steep      
difficult hills1 with such sturdy limbs 
as contrast almost ridiculously with the
 long thin tight-trousered legs of the  
,sikh soldiery4 ,they really are1 too1 a
 most ingenious and clever and tasteful 
people4 ,this is evident not merely from
 their exquisite shawls1 but from the   
good taste of their papier-mach1 and    
silver work1 and jewellery1 so far      
superior1 not merely in execution1 but  
in design and taste1 to that of their   
,hindustanee neighbours4 ,the women1    
perhaps1 owe most of the fame of their  
beauty to their contrast with the       
expressionless faces of ,hindustanee    
women2 but still no one can go into     
,kashmir without seeing some few faces  

that strike him as very fine1 not merely
 from the fresh colour and animated     
expression1 but from the real excellency
 of the features4 ,the climate1 too1 is 
unquestionably very delightful4444 ,i   
doubt whether an ,english summer is1 on 
the whole1 so equable and pleasant4444  
,lastly1 the produce of the country is  
almost everything that heart could wish4
 ,as regards grain1 it is especially a  
rice-growing country1 but really almost 
every kind of grain may be and is grown 
there4 ,no greater testimony to the     
extreme fertility of the country can be 
given than the fact that1               
notwithstanding the terrible extortion  
and oppression to which the people are  
subject1 the agricultural part of the   
population is well clothed1 and         
generally far from lean4 ,but1 of       
course1 what strikes a visitor is not   
the grain1 but the fruit1 and of this   
there is the greatest variety and       
abundance4444  ,but there is a great    
'but' to all these which spoils         

everything4 ,with all this light there  
is a deep shadow4 ,and why should ,i    
stop and hesitate to mention and to     
repeat that which comes up first into my
 mind-the disgraceful oppression of the 
people4 ,yes1 disgraceful to us         
,english1 for we sold1 literally sold1  
the country into the hands of its       
present possessors2 and selling it1 sold
 with it the flesh and blood of         
thousands of our fellow creatures1-sold 
them into a perpetual slavery4          
,disgraceful1 too1 that it should lie   
under the shadow of our well-ruled      
provinces1 and yet be so ground down2   
that the ruler should be a tributary of 
ours1 and yet be allowed so to          
tyrannize4  ,it is impossible that this 
oppression can cease so long as the     
,maharajah keeps up an army so utterly  
disproportionate to the size of his     
country4 ,he must grind the faces of the
 poor to sustain such a large permanent 
force4 ,that the army is ill-paid1      
discontented1 inefficient1 none can     

doubt1 but still the men must have      
something given them to keep them in    
service4444 ,this year1 at a review     
which was on a ,sunday1 in honour of    
,sir ,h4 ,durand1 the powder flask of   
one man blew up while a regiment was    
formed in square1 and the explosion     
passed from man to man until more than  
eighty were prostrate4 ,the army may do 
very well to bully the ,kashmiri1 or    
plunder the weak native states around1  
but it would never even think of        
standing before a ,british force4444    
,but what is this oppression that ,i    
have spoken of8 ,it is this-that at one 
swoop half of every man's produce goes  
into the ,government treasury4 ,half of 
everything1 not merely of his grain1 but
 even of the produce of his cattle1 or  
whatever he has2 so that from each cow  
he must give every second year a calf to
 ,government1 and from every half dozen 
of his chickens three go to the         
all-devouring sirkar4 ,more than this   
even1 his very fruit trees are watched  

by ,government and half taken for the   
,maharajah4 ,a poor ,kashmiri can call  
nothing his own4 ,but1 in reality1 it is
 not only half a man loses1 for at least
 another quarter is taken by the        
rapacious government officials who have 
to collect the nominal half4 ,shakdars1 
,krdrs1 ,ziladrs1 soldiers1 and others1 
all come in for their share4 ,the wonder
 is1 how the people exist at all4 ,of   
course ,i am a credulous missionary1 and
 believed every story ,i heard1 but ,i  
should like to find the man in ,kashmir 
who could deny these facts4 ,but it is  
not only the poor peasants who suffer2  
perhaps the condition of the shawl      
weavers is worse still4 ,they are all   
the servants of the ,government1 which  
supplies them with material1 and doles  
out to them a scanty pittance of two    
annas a day1 and then sells them the    
rice 7which it has taken from the       
peasants7 at any price which it chooses 
to set upon it4 ,these shawl weavers are
 a lean wan race1 recognisable at once  

from their sallow complexion1 thin      
cheeks and desponding look4 ,of course  
the idea at once suggests itself1 why do
 not all the people run away and come   
into ,india8 ,but if they had the       
chance1 can you wonder at their almost  
preferring to starve in their own home  
paradise rather than live in the furnace
 of ,india8 ,yet numbers of ,kashmiris  
do prefer ,india to their own lovely    
land1 simply because in ,india every man
 can live and be his own master1        
whatever else he has to put up with4    
,but few are the happy men who can get  
away4 ,a few are allowed to go into     
,india1 if they leave their wives and   
families behind as a guarantee for their
 speedy return1 but only a few4 ,as ,i  
was leaving ,kashmir1 two or three of   
these shawl weavers smuggled themselves 
out of the country as my coolies4 ,i    
knew they must be shawl weavers from    
their pinched faces1 and so did the     
soldiers stationed at the top of the    
,pir ,panjal to prevent people escaping 

into ,india1 and the guard would have   
stopped them1 but that they had no      
coolies to give me instead of them to   
carry my loads4#b444 ,of course1 this   
oppression gives the whole country a    
look of poverty4 ,no one can help being 
struck as he enters ,srinagar by the    
dilapidated look of the place4444 ,there
 is no respectable quarter1 not a single
 good street2 scarcely even a single    
respectable bazaar1 considering the size
 of the place4 ,and what is true of     
,srinagar is more than true of all the  
smaller towns4 ,they are ruinous in the 
extreme4  ,in the country hundreds of   
acres of land are mere swamp1 or almost 
unused pasture ground that might smile  
with corn4 ,everywhere the fruits are   
degenerating1 because the people don't  
care to cultivate that of which they    
obtain so little2 and an old ,kashmiri  
told me that he could recollect the day 
when there were eighteen different kinds
 of grapes1 but now most of them have   
died out1 and there are only four or    

five kinds to be had in the whole       
valley4444  ,but there are other things 
in ,kashmir which most terribly detract 
from its pleasure as a place of         
residence4 ,the dirt is beyond          
description4 ,who can tell what ,kashmir
 smells are8 ,not the odours of roses1  
such as one has expected to fill the    
air2 but1 oh6 such1 that the dirtiest of
 ,london courts is sweeter than the     
cleanest of ,kashmir villages4 ,the     
clothes1 too1 of the people are filthy2 
not that the filth shows much1 for all  
their garments are of grey wool1 which  
is a most perfect concealer of dirt2 but
 not a few of their diseases are the    
result of their uncleanliness1 and how  
often ,i have almost shrunk away from   
them1 as1 in my dispensary1 while ,i    
have been examining a patient1 ,i have  
seen the lice crawling on his clothes   
and his fleas skipping over to me4 ,of  
course1 if you can avoid all intercourse
 with the natives1 then dirt is not such
 a continual source of annoyance1 but to

 us it was a daily trouble4 ,but yet    
there is one thing which makes a        
,christian man far more sad than those  
things ,i have spoken of1 and that is   
the frightful immorality of the people1 
and the even less excusable wickedness  
of our countrymen4 ,it may be that the  
latter is not so bad as it was-that vice
 is less open and shameless than it was 
a few years ago-but it is so open and so
 bad that no one need be afraid to speak
 of it4 ,it is a fact that none can     
conceal1 that numbers of young men only 
know ,kashmir as the place where they   
can gratify every unhallowed passion2   
and an army surgeon1 high in the        
service1 told me that numbers of young  
officers went up every year to ,kashmir 
in perfect health1 and1 after six months
 in its splendid climate1 came down into
 ,india only to be invalided home1 and  
many to suffer more or less for life    
from their own wicked folly4444 ,well   
might ,i be taunted1 as ,i was1 when ,i 
tried to preach the gospel in villages  

far distant from the capital1 with the  
unblushing wickedness of my own         
countrymen4 ,how steeped the people     
themselves are in sin none can tell but 
those who have seen them as ,i have     
done4 ,how one corroding sin seems to be
 eating out the vitals of all classes1  
casual visitors to the valley would     
perhaps scarcely guess4 ,they may say1  
as every one does1 that there are no    
such liars and deceivers in the world1  
as in ,kashmir2 no1 not even in ,india2 
but the utterly rotten state of social  
life they will probably have little idea
 of4  ,but let me leave this and just   
say a few closing words as to mission   
work4 ,it seems to me that the ,church  
,missionary ,society have most wisely   
associated themselves with the ,punjaub 
,medical ,missionary ,society in sending
 a medical man as missionary to this    
difficult and delicate field of         
labour4444  ,the ,church ,missionary    
,intelligencer for #ast ,august #ahff   
gives the following brief notice of what

 had been attempted in the way of       
missionary effort amongst the truly     
necessitous ,kashmiris1 up to the season
 that preceded ,dr4 ,elmslie's arrival3-
  ,the two first missionaries of the    
,church ,missionary ,society by whom the
 valley was visited1 the ,rev4 ,w4      
,smith of ,benares1 and the ,rev4 ,r4   
,clark of ,peshawur1 reached ,kashmir in
 the spring of #ahfc4 ,at the end of the
 summer ,mr4 ,smith returned to his     
station at ,benares1 and ,mr4 ,clark1   
after an ineffectual attempt to remain  
in the valley during the winter1 was    
compelled1 by the opposition of the     
authorities1 to return to the plains4   
,in the month of ,april #ahfd1 ,mr4     
,clark1 accompanied by ,mrs4 ,clark1 and
 having with him some reliable native   
assistants1 re-entered the valley1      
having secured beforehand a house which 
he had rented from the proprietor4 ,on  
their arrival at ,srinagar they were at 
once mobbed by a crowd of a thousand    
people1 who threatened to set the house 

on fire1 some of them coming within the 
compound and throwing stones4 ,further  
disturbances being threatened1 a ,french
 gentleman resident in the city1        
accompanied by two of his friends1      
waited on the authorities1 and          
remonstrated with them on their         
permitting such tumultuous proceedings1 
not only insulting to the missionary1   
but endangering his personal safety and 
that of his family4 ,the mob-greetings  
were accordingly stayed1 but other means
 were adopted of obstructing the        
missionary in his work1 in the hope     
that1 becoming discouraged1 he might    
abandon it1 and1 retiring from the      
valley1 allow all things to fall back   
into that condition of spiritual death  
in which they had for ages lain4 ,men   
were stationed on the bridge close to   
his door1 to prevent any one from coming
 to visit him1 or1 if they persevered1  
to report their names to the ,wuzeer4   
,his servants could not succeed in      
purchasing the mere necessaries of life1

 and ,m4 ,gosselin's servant had to be  
sent to the other end of the city to buy
 t for them4 ,so determined were the    
authorities to prevent all intercourse  
between the missionary and the          
inhabitants1 that when1 on the occasion 
of a large fire1 in which many poor     
people lost their all1 a little sum was 
collected and distributed among them1   
they were compelled to refund it1       
because the native ,christians1 with    
,mr4 ,clark1 had contributed to it4     
,meanwhile1 although in the presence of 
so great irritation public preaching was
 not attempted1 yet inquirers came in1  
some of them entreating that they might 
be baptized at once4 ,one of them was   
beaten by his master1 who threatened to 
kill him if he persisted in frequenting 
the missionary's house4 ,this young man1
 ,husu ,shah1 during the previous year  
had been imprisoned for the same        
offence1 having been forcibly taken out 
of ,mr4 ,clark's house under the written
 orders of the authorities4 ,during the 

time of his imprisonment he had been    
repeatedly beaten1 and had logs of wood 
tied to his feet4  ,at length1 at the   
suggestion of the ,british ,resident1   
,mr4 ,clark offered to vacate the house 
within the city1 provided suitable      
accommodation was provided for him      
outside the city1 near the ,shekh ,bgh4 
,and yet1 while thus in every way       
consistent with his duty1 endeavouring  
to conciliate1 he had the pain of       
learning that ,husu ,shah was again     
imprisoned4 ,they offered him1 indeed1  
his liberty1 on the understanding that  
he would not again visit the ,christian 
missionary1 nor try to escape to the    
,punjaub2 but1 on his refusal1 the logs 
of wood were again fastened to his feet4
 ,through the interference of the       
,british ,resident1 he was1 after some  
days1 liberated1 and his first act was  
to revisit the missionary4  ,although   
the ,resident1 ,mr4 ,cooper1 wrote to   
the ,maharajah1 asking that ,mr4 ,clark 
might be allowed to remain1 he was      

inexorable1 and as he had by treaty the 
right to insist on the withdrawal of    
,europeans from the valley during the   
winter season1 he claimed to exercise it
 in relation to ,mr4 ,clark1 who was    
thus compelled to return to the         
,punjaub4  ,one of the reasons urged by 
the ,resident for the extension to ,mr4 
,clark of the privilege of remaining in 
the valley1 is interesting3-,his        
,highness is not perhaps aware that the 
wife of ,mr4 ,clark is an accomplished  
physician1 and has devoted her life1 her
 strength1 and her talents to the relief
 of the sick and the suffering4 ,i      
suggest1 therefore1 my dear friends 7the
 ,diwans71 that you represent to his    
,highness that while he is consulting   
the religious feelings of his ,srinagar 
subjects1 and perhaps the general peace1
 in maintaining1 as long as may be      
necessary to his ,highness1 the         
principle or custom that ,europeans     
should not be allowed to reside in the  
city without express permission of the  

,government1 his ,highness would be     
inflicting a real injury on his people1 
if he withheld his permission from ,mr4 
,clark and his family to continue to    
reside during the cold weather1 because 
the humane exertions of the lady have   
already been attended with wide benefit 
and comfort to the ,maharajah's people4 
,the lady1 who still seeks to improve   
her medical knowledge1 would not1 in    
#ahfd1 have endorsed the compliment that
 she was an accomplished physician1 but 
she may take the comfort of knowing that
 her medical services were useful and   
much appreciated4 ,it gives us peculiar 
pleasure to record this1 for the        
encouragement of female medical         
missionaries4 ,her husband1 writing to  
,mr4 ,wm4 ,coldstream from ,srinagar1 in
 ,may #ahfd1 informs him that ,mrs4     
,clark has begun a dispensary1 which is 
crowded daily1 and takes up daily three 
hours of her time in hard work4 ,to-day 
there were eighty-four 787 cases1-one   
man came twelve miles from a village1   

and a poor woman1 thought to be dying1  
having recovered1 the dispensary stands 
high in public estimation4 ,the native  
apothecary1 who is supposed to cure all 
the ,maharajah's soldiers at one pice   
a-head daily 7when the ,m4 ,h4 is here1 
for they have no medical attendance at  
other times71 came to-day1 and wants to 
send his son for instruction4 ,all this 
will do good4 ,but it is time to        
accompany ,dr4 ,elmslie in his          
interesting work4  ,footnote #b ,coolies
 are used everywhere1 for there is not  
such a thing as a road1 nor a cart in   
the whole of ,kashmir1 though in the    
valley itself it would be the easiest   
thing to make good and permanent roads4 
,the country is level1 and kunkur       
abundant4     ,,chapter ,,viii4  ,,work 
,,in ,,kashmir4   ,on the #abth ,april1 
writes ,dr4 ,elmslie1 ,i left ,lahore   
for ,kashmir1 the future scene of my    
medical missionary labours4444 ,through 
the kindness of the ,rev4 ,r4 ,clark of 
,amritsar1 two of the most promising of 

the boys belonging to the ,missionary   
,orphanage are to accompany me as       
assistants4 ,the ,rev4 ,messrs4 ,forman 
and ,newton of ,lahore have very        
obligingly transferred to ,k4 ,m4 ,m4   
for the season1 one of their catechists4
 ,he is a ,kashmiri by birth1 and1 on   
that very account1 suitable for the work
 in which we are to be engaged4 ,he is  
able to speak fluently the language of  
the valley1 and is intimately acquainted
 with the habits and character of the   
people4 7,see ,woodcut47                
,illustration3 ,,qadir ,,bakhsh4  ,the  
,kashmiri ,catechist4  #bdth            
,april4-,to-day we crossed the ,jhelum1 
and entered the territories of the      
,maharajah of ,kashmir and ,jummoo1 and 
made our way to ,dhanna1 our            
halting-place for the day1 by a very    
rough path4 ,from what had befallen the 
,rev4 ,messrs4 ,smith and ,clark on     
previous years here1 ,i fully expected  
my difficulties to begin4 ,but in this  
,i was most agreeably disappointed1 for 

,i found the ,maharajah's servants both 
civil and obliging4 ,on my arrival1 ,i  
had intimated to the principal man of   
the village that as ,i was a doctor1 ,i 
would be happy to see and treat all the 
sick people1 whom he might bring to me  
after breakfast1 from ,dhanna and its   
neighbourhood4 ,in a very short time1   
sixteen patients were collected outside 
the rude and dirty bungalow where we    
were lodging4 ,after breakfast1 ,qadir  
,bakhsh1 the catechist1 having          
congregated the sick1 and the coolies   
who had carried our baggage from        
,kohalla1 read to them a suitable       
portion of ,scripture1 and addressed    
them from it in a plain1 easy1 and      
intelligible style1 quite level to the  
capacities of these ignorant people4    
,the little group listened to the words 
of divine truth with great interest and 
attention4 ,the service was closed with 
prayer4 ,our small supply of medicines  
and instruments having been laid out1   
the sick were brought out one by one and

 examined4 ,one case1 of a very trifling
 nature in itself1 is worthy of a       
passing notice1 because the relief      
afforded by surgery was immediate1 and  
duly appreciated4 ,the case was one of  
excessive elongation of the uvula1 which
 caused a most troublesome cough1 and   
compelled the man every now and then to 
perform the act of swallowing4 ,the     
lengthened member was shortened with    
ease1 the cough ceased1 and the act of  
deglutition became less frequent4 ,the  
patient took his leave with many        
expressions of gratitude4  #beth        
,april4-,this morning early we packed   
up1 and set out for ,maira1 the next    
resting-place4 ,we had no difficulty    
with coolies1 although the number       
required was considerable4 ,about #i    
,a4,m4 we reached our destination1 and  
resolved to breakfast in ,maira1 and    
then to push on to the next village4    
,qadir1 the catechist1 somewhat hastily 
proceeded to address a small group of   
natives whom he happened to find        

congregated together4 ,he had not       
proceeded far in his remarks1 when the  
,tekeedar of the village told him he    
must stop immediately1 which ,qadir had 
the good sense to do4 ,i am fully       
persuaded that if the people and the    
,maharajah's servants had been aware    
that the sahib was a doctor1 and would  
give them both advice and medicine      
gratuitously1 we should have had no veto
 put upon our evangelistic work4 ,i     
learned a lesson by this incident by    
which ,i intend to profit4 ,after       
breakfast we had a small reception of   
patients1 when words about the love of  
,god in ,jesus were spoken to the       
patients individually1 and those who    
were able to read got religious tracts  
and copies of the ,gospels4 ,the        
moonshee of the place told us he had    
learned to read and write in a          
neighbouring school1 where he said there
 were as many as two hundred scholars4  
,this high number of pupils is scarcely 
credible4 ,at #e ,p4,m4 we arrived at   

,chekar1 somewhat fatigued with the two 
marches of the day4 ,the first thing ,i 
did was to summon the chief man of the  
village1 and to tell him how many       
coolies ,i should require next          
morning1-generally about forty1-and     
collect all the sick of the place and   
vicinity in the compound of the rude    
bungalow next morning4  #bfth           
,april4-,to-day1 after seeing twelve    
sick persons1 we departed for ,hatti1   
which is the next resting-place on the  
way4 ,arrived late in the evening4      
#bgth ,april4-,on getting up this       
morning1 and going outside my tent1 ,i  
found a number of sick persons sitting  
on the ground1 affected with various    
maladies4 ,before giving advice or      
medicine1 ,qadir1 according to custom1  
addressed them from a part of ,god's    
,word4 ,the attention was marked1 and   
every now and then one here and another 
there in the interesting company would  
exclaim1 ',durust1' ',sach bal4' ,may   
,god1 by ,his quickening ,spirit1       

vitalise the seed sown for ,his own     
glory's sake4 ,arrived very late at     
,chikote1 but in time to see the        
,tekeedar1 and to give him the usual    
orders about coolies and the sick4      
#bhth ,april4-,at the usual reception of
 patients to-day1 one old man1 labouring
 under an affection of the stomach1     
presented us with a quantity of         
walnuts1-a present of no great value1   
but nevertheless indicative of grateful 
feelings towards the doctor4  #bith     
,april4-,left ,chikote this morning     
about #e ,a4,m4 ,on the way met a man   
who inquired very particularly if ,i was
 the doctor1 as he had heard there was  
one coming1 and he very much wanted to  
consult him about his little son4 ,the  
boy happened to be affected with a      
well-known cutaneous disease1 for which 
,i strongly recommended soap and water4 
,from what ,i have already seen of the  
people of ,kashmir1 poverty and dirt are
 the two great enemies ,i shall have to 
contend with as a doctor amongst them4  

,on arriving at ,uri1 pitched my tent   
under some apricot trees near to a shady
 chinar4 ,we soon had a visit from      
,juliar ,khan1 the ,namah of the        
district of ,uri4 ,he came to consult me
 about his eyes1 and another disease of 
which he had been ill for a long time4  
,advice and medicine were given him4    
,the ,tekeedar of ,uri having also      
presented himself as a patient1 received
 appropriate remedies1 and was requested
 to give intimation of our readiness to 
see the sick of the village and         
neighbourhood4  #cjth ,april1 ,uri1     
,sunday4-,got up very early this        
morning1 and on going outside the tent  
found a large company assembled under   
the surrounding apricot trees4 ,we soon 
had the small deal table and chair with 
the medicines and instruments placed in 
a convenient spot1 and the sick and     
their friends were arranged all round4  
,everything being ready1 ,qadir1 the    
catechist1 read the third chapter of    
,john's ,gospel1 and showed the         

necessity and nature of the new birth4  
,the people as usual were most          
attentive1 and listened with manifest   
pleasure to many of ,qadir's remarks4   
,after prayer1 the sick were examined   
and treated as well as our present      
circumstances would permit4 ,among the  
fifty sick persons1 who consisted of    
men1 women1 and children1 there was an  
old ,mullah1 or ,mussulman ,priest1 who1
 on being asked if he possessed a copy  
of the ,koran1 replied in the negative4 
,i said1 ,i suppose if you had the      
,koran you could read it4 ',oh1 no1' he 
said1 ',i not able to read at all4' ,i  
could not help saying to the old man1   
whose hair was like snow1 and whom in my
 heart of hearts ,i pitied1 ,how can you
 be a ,mullah if you are totally unable 
to read8 ,i received no reply4 ,it was  
not a little amusing to watch the       
countenances of the listeners1 who first
 smiled1 then looked at each other1     
nodded1 laughed1 and then exclaimed1    
',bas1'-enough4 ,such priest1 such      

people4 ,i have already been struck with
 the fewness of those who are able to   
read4 ,how are these poor people1 who   
are dying for lack of the knowledge of  
the ,saviour1 to be fitted to read ,his 
,holy ,word8 ,juliar ,khan1 our friend  
of yesterday1 came to pay his respects  
and to say that he felt better from the 
remedies which were given him4 ,after   
breakfast we assembled for family       
worship1 and seeing ,juliar ,khan with a
 few of his followers sitting under an  
adjacent chinar1 ,i sent him my salam1  
to say ,i should be most happy if he    
would join us in the worship of ,god4   
,no sooner did he receive the message   
than he rose and came to us1 accompanied
 by nearly all his retainers4 ,i read   
the fourth chapter of ,john's ,gospel1  
to which he paid the greatest attention2
 after which1 ,qadir concluded the      
services with prayer4 ,we then had some 
little conversation on the ,koran and   
the ,gospel1 but not being very         
communicative1 he soon took his         

departure1 again expressing his         
gratitude for the advice and medicine   
which he had received the day before4   
,lord1 fructify the seed sown for ,thine
 own glory's sake4 ,the ,maharajah's    
officials very civil and obliging4  #ast
 ,may4-,road still lies along the       
,jhelum1 and is beautifully wooded4     
,among the trees ,i passed ,i recognised
 the peach1 fig1 and fir1 and1 twining  
amongst these1 the vine4 ,the beautiful 
red flower of the pomegranate delights  
one's eye at every turn1 and the rose   
trees are budding into beauty4 ,passed a
 lime-kiln at work to-day1 and behind a 
large ledge of rock ,i came upon a      
,fakir3 ,there he sat with his back to  
the road1 covered with rags1 thereby    
meaning to show his indifference to this
 world4 ,poor fellow6 he has discovered 
part of the truth1-that this fleeting   
world cannot satisfy1 but he does not   
know the way whereby alone his soul can 
find satisfaction and be made perfectly 
happy the while1 enjoying the present   

world according to the mind of ,god1 who
 has filled the earth with so much that 
is lovely and loveable4 ,came to a      
dilapidated ,hindu temple4 ,a flight of 
steps led up to a large gateway4 ,in the
 centre of the inner court saw the      
shrine1 which was also approached by a  
flight of steps4 ,the stones are of     
immense size and granitic4 ,the priest  
forbade me to enter1 so ,i stood at the 
door1 and heard the monotonous voice of 
the man who was performing service4 ,he 
concluded by blowing into a large       
univalve shell1 producing a sound       
exactly like that of a trumpet4 ,i was  
reminded of ,elijah and the false       
prophet on ,carmel4  ,may #b;d4-,the    
scenery becomes more and more lovely as 
you near ,baramula2 the ,jhelum1 which  
you have known hitherto as a boisterous 
rapidly flowing river1 is here gentle   
and placid4 ,poplar and willow trees    
abound1 and the very mountains are      
richly wooded1 reminding one of the     
,trossachs near ,loch ,lomond4 ,the     

system of irrigation carried on here    
seems to be first rate4 ,before reaching
 ,baramula a steep hill has to be       
climbed2 it bears marks of the work of  
water2 the different strata of sandstone
 of which it is composed vary in degrees
 of coarseness1 and there are many      
water-polished pebbles to be seen4 ,as  
you reach the summit1 suddenly the      
far-famed valley of ,kashmir bursts upon
 your view4 ,i thought of ,moses at     
,pisgah getting his view of the promised
 land4 ,there lay the valley1 bathed in 
sunshine1-the full-bosomed and now      
gently-flowing ,jhelum meandering       
through its midst1 and its lofty        
guardians1 the snow-capped ,himalayas1  
towering around4 ,i gazed long on this  
wonderful scene1 and with ,david praised
 the ,lord for the excellent beauty of  
,his works4 ,i earnestly prayed that    
,his rich and effectual blessing might  
rest on the work ,i was about to begin4 
#crd ,may4-,reached ,nowshera at #aa    
,a4,m41 and after bathing1 proceeded to 

treat the sick who had been collected by
 the ,moonshee1 who informed me he was  
the only adult in the village who could 
read1 and that he had opened a school   
and had at present six scholars4 ,i gave
 him a copy of the ,new ,testament in   
,hindu1 and promised to give him a      
present on my return to ,nowshera if he 
should satisfy me he had carefully read 
and studied the book4 ,how very         
important it is to influence for good   
those who are1 like this young man1 the 
only channels of learning to the people4
 ,as usual the coolies and sick having  
been placed near each other1 ,qadir     
proceeded to address them1 after which  
the coolies received their pay and were 
allowed to depart4 ,thirty-six were then
 seen and treated4  #dth ,may4-,to-day  
we sailed in sight of ,srinagar1 the    
capital of ,kashmir4 ,when about three  
miles from the city we halted to        
breakfast4 ,while seated at my morning  
meal ,i observed two women pass me      
carrying baskets on their heads full of 

provisions for the market4 ,shortly     
after they had passed1 my attention was 
arrested by cries in the direction in   
which they had gone1 and on looking     
round1 observed two men busy rifling the
 women's baskets4 ,i took these men for 
servants of the ,maharajah's1 but       
discovered afterwards that they were    
not4 ,on landing in ,srinagar my first  
business was to find a house suitable   
for my work4 ,to be so1 it must be      
situated near the city4 ,i learned that 
the bungalows belonging to the          
,maharajah1 and which he assigns to the 
,europeans visiting the valley1 were    
either already occupied or reserved1 at 
least those nearest the city4 ,i had to 
go elsewhere therefore1 and was very    
fortunate in getting part of a bungalow 
quite close to the uppermost bridge of  
the city4 ,for the scanty and rude      
accommodation ,i had to pay twenty      
rupees a month1 an exorbitant rent in   
,kashmir4 ,the accommodation consisted  
of one large room1 which served for     

drawing-room1 dining-room1 sitting-room1
 bed-room1 c41 three verandahs1 and four
 very small closets situated round it4  
,down stairs there was a large verandah4
 ,being anxious to have a proper bargain
 made about the house1 ,i sent for the  
owner's agent1 and desired him to sign  
an agreement1 which one of my assistants
 had drawn out4 ,i was afraid that      
should ,i not have a sure bargain made  
the proprietor of the house might raise 
some objections when he should see the  
work which ,i intended carrying on4 ,the
 man told me that no agreement of this  
kind could be made in ,kashmir without  
the presence and consent of the         
,maharajah's ,baboo4 ,i need scarcely   
say ,i felt very anxious about the      
result of his being present4 ,he was1   
nevertheless1 sent for and came4 ,when  
all was amicably and satisfactorily     
arranged1 as ,i thought1 the ,baboo said
 to me that ,i should require to state  
in the written agreement that ,i was    
prepared to quit the bungalow on the    

#aeth of ,october next4 ,seeing that it 
would be worse than useless to make any 
objection1 ,i took my pen and wrote as  
he desired1 feeling greatly ashamed that
 ,i belonged to the country of which    
,kashmir is a tributary4 ,it is most    
devoutly to be wished that the policy of
 our country towards such states as     
,kashmir were more becoming a great and 
,christian nation like ,great ,britain4 
,how contemptible and inconsistent as a 
nation we must appear to such a people  
as the ,kashmiris4  #ith ,may4-,to-day  
is memorable in the history of the      
,kashmir ,medical ,mission1 from the    
fact that ,i opened my dispensary this  
morning4 ,i had given notice that ,i    
intended receiving patients from this   
date4 ,the verandah on the southern     
aspect of the house was prepared for the
 sick people to meet in4 ,punctually at 
seven o'clock ,a4,m41 ,i1 ,qadir1 the   
catechist1 and my two native assistants 
went into the verandah1 after           
supplicating together the blessing of   

,god on the work which we were about to 
initiate in ,srinagar4 ,qadir read the  
opening verses of the fifth chapter of  
the ,gospel of ,matthew1 and made a     
running and suitable commentary on the  
passage4 ,the service was closed with a 
brief prayer for the divine blessing4 ,i
 now retired to the small verandah on   
the east side of the house1 which ,i had
 had fitted up-very rudely1 ,i must     
confess-as a dispensary4 ,here the      
patients were seen one by one4 ,the     
number present to-day was ten4 ,in the  
course of the day the ,baboo called to  
see me4 ,during his visit he told me    
that some ,padre ,sahib had been        
preaching in the ,bzr1 and that the     
,diwan had commanded him 7the ,baboo7 to
 inform the gentleman1 whoever he might 
be1 that he was not to repeat his ,bzr  
preaching4 ,i ascertained afterwards    
that the ,rev4 ,w4 ,handcock was the    
clergyman referred to4  #ajth4-,received
 a note from the ,rev4 ,w4 ,handcock to 
say that as he had been prohibited by   

the ,diwan's order from preaching any   
more in the bazaar1 and as his servants 
found it impossible to obtain supplies  
of food1 he had resolved to quit        
,srinagar on the #abth inst4 ',if they  
persecute you in one city1 flee into    
another4' ,with ,mr ,handcock's fate    
before me1 it would be most unwise on my
 part to permit my catechist to preach  
in the bazaar4 ,it appears to be the    
best course in the circumstances1       
however desirable it may be that it were
 otherwise1 to be content with the day  
of small things in ,kashmir1 and to wait
 patiently and prayerfully for a        
brighter day to dawn on this most       
unhappy country4 ,after the morning     
reception of patients1 ,i1 accompanied  
by ,qadir1 visited two of the bazaars of
 the city1 not for the purpose of       
preaching1 but to know the people and to
 spread the news of our dispensary4     
,began to read ,english with my native  
assistants4  #acth ,may4-,began my      
,saturday itinerations to-day4 ,we hired

 a boat and sailed in the direction of  
the ,takht-i-,suliman1 and landed at a  
small village1 where we had a meeting of
 the villagers1 among whom four applied 
for medicine4 ,the name of the village  
is ,gagribal4 ,i purpose to devote the  
,saturday afternoons to these short     
itinerations to the neighbouring        
villages1 that the people may hear the  
gospel in their own tongue1 and know of 
the ,medical ,missionary ,dispensary in 
,srinagar4  #afth ,may4-,the number of  
patients thirty1 the majority of whom   
were sepoys4 ,i begin to suspect that   
this is the result of some plan or other
 to prevent the ,kashmiris from coming  
to our dispensary4 ,we shall see4 ,the  
devil is doubtless busy4 ,the ,bishop of
 ,calcutta1 accompanied by his private  
physician1 arrived at a little past     
seven to see our operations4 ,he heard  
the greater part of the address which   
,qadir was delivering when he entered4  
,the passage of ,scripture being        
commented on was ,our ,lord's ,prayer4  

,his lordship adjourned to the surgery  
after prayer1 and remained till he had  
seen a number of the sick examined and  
treated4 ,received a note in the course 
of the day from ,colonel ,gardner1      
requesting medical advice for one of his
 children4  #agth ,may4-,began tract    
distribution to-day in the ,bazaar4 ,the
 people received them gladly4 ,i make it
 a point not to give away any books     
unless the receiver can read them4 ,the 
people are very friendly indeed4  #ahth 
,may4-,the number of patients this      
morning was forty4 ,excised a cystic    
tumour from a young man4 ,having        
explained the object and effects of     
chloroform1 ,i asked him if he wished me
 to give it to him4 ,after some slight  
hesitation he consented4 ,in all        
probability this is the first time a    
native ,kashmiri has been ansthetised in
 the valley with chloroform4  #aith     
,may4-,the ,lord ,bishop of ,calcutta   
paid the ,dispensary a second visit this
 morning1 along with his private        

chaplain1 the ,rev4 ,mr4 ,harley4 ,paid 
my first domiciliary visit to-day to see
 the young man from whom ,i had excised 
the cystic tumour yesterday4 ,was gladly
 received4  #bjth ,may4-,after this     
morning's reception we hired a boat1 and
 set out for a pretty large village     
called ,hazrat ,bal1 which is situated  
on the shores of the large lake near to 
,srinagar4 ,we took a supply of         
medicines and tracts with us4 ,on       
landing at the place1 a shady tree was  
selected1 near to the ,musjid1 and there
 my chair and the medicines were placed4
 ,while ,qadir1 the catechist1 was      
giving information of our arrival and   
objects1 ,i went to see the neighbouring
 ,mussulman temple4 ,there ,i saw the   
principal ,mullah or priest with a few  
of his subordinates4 ,we had some       
conversation together1 after which ,i   
left them1 thinking that by this time   
,qadir would have collected the people4 
,on leaving the ,musjid and its priests1
 ,i found ,qadir standing under a shady 

walnut tree addressing a numerous       
company of hale and sick folks1 who were
 quietly seated on the ground round him1
 listening most attentively to his      
words4 ,the ,mullahs1 as soon as they   
heard what ,qadir was speaking about to 
the people1 rushed amongst them1        
shouting out that they were to go away  
immediately4 ,their efforts were        
successful4 ,all left us except one poor
 woman1 who appeared to be imbecile4    
,she would not move4 ,one priest applied
 very liberally a rope1 which he carried
 in his hand1 to those whose movements  
were slower than he thought they should 
be4 ,it was a sad scene1 and the only   
antidote ,i could think of for my       
feelings of indignation was prayer to   
that ,god who was looking on and seeing 
all that was taking place against ,his  
blessed gospel4 ,qadir1 the two native  
assistants1 and myself1 all knelt down  
under that same shady walnut1 and prayed
 ,god to forgive these enemies of ,his  
truth and change their hearts4 ,only    

three sick persons availed themselves of
 the opportunity presented to them of   
obtaining advice and medicine4 ,we got  
into our boat and made for home1 much   
depressed by what had happened4  #bdth  
,may4-,mr4 ,jenkins1 the ,british       
,resident1 called on me to-day1 and in  
course of conversation expressly told me
 ,i was not to ask or expect any support
 from him1 in his official capacity1 in 
my medical missionary operations4  #beth
 ,may4-,no fewer than eight women were  
present amongst the patients this       
morning4 ,the number of female patients 
is gradually increasing4 ,had two       
surgical operations to-day1 for which   
chloroform was administered4 ,no        
objection was made to its being         
exhibited1 either by the patients or    
their friends1 who were present at the  
operations4 ,indeed the natives are     
taking most kindly to this invaluable   
auxiliary to surgery4 ,was informed by a
 friend that the priests of ,hazrat ,bal
 had complained to the ,diwan about my  

catechist1 accusing him of having said  
all sorts of untrue and unseemly things 
respecting them4 ,these charges are     
entirely false1 and are made with the   
view of having a stop put to our        
,medical ,missionary itinerations4 ,the 
,lord thwart their purposes4  #bfth     
,may4-,the young man from whom ,i       
extirpated the cystic tumour1 called    
to-day to show himself4 ,he presented me
 with two rupees as a token of his      
gratitude4 ,i merely touched them and   
returned them4 ,the poor fellow seemed  
at a loss to find words to say how      
grateful he felt towards us4  #bgth     
,may4-,thirty-four patients this        
morning4 ,the subject of the address1   
,the ,fall of man and his redemption by 
,jesus ,christ1 ,god's ,son4 ,in the    
course of the day1 the ,rev4 ,mr4 ,cowie
 called1 in company with one of the     
,maharajah's servants1 for the purpose  
of hearing what ,i had to say of the    
,hazrat ,bal transaction4 ,it appears   
from what is told me that a very black  

account of my doings had been given by  
the ,mullahs to the ,diwan-that my      
catechist had called ,his ,highness1 the
 ,maharajah1 anything but good1 and had 
uttered every sort of abuse to the      
,mussulman priests-abuse too bad to be  
even mentioned4 ,having been present    
myself1 ,i am able to say that the kind 
old man did not make one unfavourable   
allusion to the prince of these realms4 
,indeed1 ,i have given strict orders    
that whatever we of the medical mission 
may either see or hear with respect to  
the government of this country1 we are  
not to speak about the matter in our    
dealings with the natives4 ,of all      
things in ,kashmir1 truth is the        
scarcest1 so that one has to be         
continually on his guard as to what he  
believes4 ,in ,kashmir1 ,i only believe 
what ,i see1 and sometimes hardly that4 
,the ,diwan's messenger1 having heard my
 version of the affair1 took his        
departure4  #bith ,may4-,the ,rev4 ,mr4 
and ,mrs4 ,yeates of ,moultan1 and      

,captain ,lewin of ,amritsar1 came to   
see our operations4 ,to-day the bishop  
returned the ,visitor's ,book1 in which 
he expresses himself as much pleased    
with what he had seen of my work4  #cjth
 ,may4-,the number of patients present  
this morning fifty-three1 of whom       
seventeen were women4 ,the subject of   
address1 the ,vision of ,dry ,bones4    
,the attention of the people great4 ,at 
#aa ,a4,m41 called on ,mr4 ,jenkins1 the
 ,british ,resident1 according to       
request1 regarding the ,hazrat ,bal     
transaction4 ,he informed me of the     
nature of the charge the fifteen mullahs
 of ,hazrat ,bal had brought against my 
catechist1 of which mention has already 
been made in a previous entry4 ,mr4     
,jenkins then requested me to promise ,i
 should give up these ,saturday         
itinerations1 which ,i refused to do1 as
 ,i knew for certain that the charges   
brought against ,qadir were a           
fabrication from beginning to end4 ,i   
promised this much1 ,i should not pay a 

second visit to ,hazrat ,bal during the 
season4 ,i also stated ,i was most ready
 to give due consideration to any       
official document coming from the heads 
of the native ,government prohibiting me
 from itinerating4 ,how humiliating and 
inexplicable it is1 that states         
tributary to ,india should be allowed to
 do that which1 if the ,sultan of       
,turkey were to attempt1 would be sure  
to call forth a sharp remonstrance from 
the ,secretary for ,foreign ,affairs at 
home4  #cast ,may4-,opened my small     
hospital to-day4 ,it accommodates from  
four to five patients4 ,the verandah1 in
 which the patients used to assemble to 
hear the address1 has been fitted up for
 this purpose1 while the long verandah  
downstairs is in future to be our       
meeting-room1 being much larger than the
 one above4 ,vaccinated the two children
 of the ,brahmin at the head of         
financial matters in ,kashmir4  #c;d    
,june4-,to-day1 went with ,qadir into   
the city1 and spoke to a good many      

maimed persons and others whom we met in
 our peregrinations4 ,the people        
listened very attentively and politely  
to us4 ,gave away a good many tracts and
 larger treatises on religious subjects4
  #fth ,june4-,whilst distributing      
tracts1 and speaking to the people in   
the bazaar1 was requested by a goldsmith
 to go and see his wife1 who1 he said1  
had become totally blind4 ,went with the
 man to his house1 and was permitted to 
enter with him4 ,his wife turned out to 
have double cataract4 ,the case is in   
every respect fit for operating on4     
#hth ,june4-,the number of patients     
present this morning was sixty-three1   
seventeen of whom were women4 ,as usual1
 the people were very attentive to the  
portion of ,scripture which ,i read4    
,with the aid of chloroform1 removed    
another tumour in the forenoon4 ,have   
great reason for heartfelt thankfulness 
to ,god1 inasmuch as hitherto nothing   
untoward has happened with respect to my
 medical work4  #adth ,june4-,to-day1   

eighty-three patients were present1 and 
of that number thirty-nine were women4  
,the greatest quietness prevails during 
the religious services4  #aeth          
,june4-,with the aid of chloroform1     
removed a large staphyloma4 ,the people 
are becoming acquainted with the fact   
there is a medicine that takes away pain
 by making them sleep1 and readily take 
it when it is required4 ,heard to-day   
that orders had been issued by the heads
 of the native ,government that no sepoy
 is to come to me for advice and        
medicine4  #agth ,june4-,a poor coolie1 
who had been accidentally shot in the   
thigh1 died this morning in hospital4   
,his relatives would not grant a post   
mortem examination4 ,it is impossible   
for medicine to make much progress in   
,india as long as it continues to be so 
difficult to obtain specimens of morbid 
anatomy4  #aith ,june4-,assisted by the 
,rev4 ,mr4 ,yeates1 performed resection 
of the wrist-joint4 ,the patient was a  
young woman4 ,her parents were present  

during the operation4  #bc;d ,june4-,one
 of the principal pundits of the city   
sent his boat for me to come in to see  
him1 as he was very ill4 ,accompanied by
 ,qadir1 ,i went1 and found the old man 
sitting in a summer-house1 propped up on
 his bed1 and surrounded by his male    
relatives4 ,there was no female friend  
near him4 ,i examined the old man1 and  
prescribed for him accordingly4 ,whilst 
so engaged1 ,qadir was busy talking with
 some of the relations about ,christ and
 the gospel4 ,we gave copies of the     
separate ,gospels to four of those men4 
,how very different a ,christian        
sick-chamber would have been from this  
one4  #bith ,june4-,to-day1 laid up with
 fever4 ,obliged to send away the       
patients who had assembled4  #b;d       
,july4-,to-day1 the collection for the  
,kashmir ,medical ,mission was made at  
the station church2 the ,rev4 ,w4 ,g4   
,cowie1 ,m4,a41 chaplain1 preached4     
#aath ,july4-,i still feel so weak1 that
 ,i have deemed it necessary to have a  

change1 and set out to-day for the      
south-east of the valley1 intending to  
go as far as ,islamabad4 ,i purpose to  
go by slow stages1 and to halt at the   
villages and towns on my way1 and       
distribute tracts and medicines4 ,qadir1
 my two assistants1 and servant         
accompany me4 ,we take along with us a  
large supply of medicines1 tracts1 and  
gospels4 ,having asked ,god to bless us 
and our journey1 we took our leave of   
,srinagar1 intending to make ,pampur our
 first resting-place4 ,we reached       
,pampur about #f ,p4,m41 and immediately
 pitched the tent amongst a clump of    
willows on the river's bank4 ,we had not
 been long encamped before a little     
company gathered round us1 and we had   
some interesting conversation4 ,qadir   
was the chief speaker4 ,pampur is a town
 of some importance1 situated on the    
right hank of the river ,jhelum4 ,it is 
said to contain #cjj houses1 and #bjjj  
inhabitants4 ,it is celebrated for the  
saffron-fields adjoining it1 and carries

 on a small trade in shawls4  #abth     
,july4-,to-day1 we had two receptions   
for the sick1 at which forty-five       
patients were seen1 and received advice 
and medicines1 after the usual religious
 services4 ,those who were able to read 
received books also4 ,the people most   
civil and obliging4 ,the governor of the
 place happened to have been a patient  
of mine in ,srinagar1 but as he had to  
leave ,pampur for the capital on        
business1 he kindly sent a servant of   
his to wait upon me1 and assist in every
 way4 ,qadir and ,i1 between the two    
receptions1 went into the town1 where we
 gave away tracts and copies of the     
,gospels4 ,we had some quiet friendly   
discussion with one of the mullahs      
belonging to the musjid4 ,in the        
evening1 six ,hindu pundits came to see 
us1 and ,qadir1 who can speak about     
nothing but ,jesus and ,his love1 had a 
most animated discussion with one of    
them1 which was carried on in the most  
friendly way4  #acth ,july4-,to-day1 had

 another reception1 at which a large    
number of sick folks attended4 ,treated 
fifty-eight new patients4 ,at #ab       
o'clock noon1 entered our boats1 and    
sailed up the river towards our next    
halting-place4  #adth ,july4-,went with 
,qadir ,bakhsh1 to examine the ruins of 
the temple of ,avantipura1 which is said
 to have been built to the honour of    
,siva in the eighth century4 ,the       
stones1 or rather blocks1 of blue       
limestone1 of which this grand structure
 was formed1 lie heaped one on another1 
but in such a state of preservation1    
that one is inclined to believe that its
 present state of ruin has been caused  
by earthquake1 and not by the           
dilapidating hand of man or time4 ,the  
,rev4 ,mr4 ,cowie has collected a large 
sum of money for the purpose of         
excavating some portion of the buried   
ruins2 and one whole side of the square 
of the colonnade which surrounded the   
shrine is now laid bare4 ,the remains of
 the splendid pillars are worthy of     

,athens or ,rome2 large blocks of carved
 stone lie between them1 and towards the
 north side there are the remains of an 
arched gateway1 through which must have 
been the entrance to the inner temple4  
,it stands almost entire4 ,the          
ground-plan is about fifty-four feet    
square1 and the height is supposed to   
have been sixty-eight feet4 ,on two     
buttresses1 at either side of the       
interior1 are traces of carved idols4   
,avantipura was once the capital of     
,kashmir4  #ahth ,july4-,i forgot to    
mention that1 through the kindness of   
,drs4 ,brown and ,dallas of ,lahore1 a  
native doctor had been sent to help me  
from the ,punjaub4 ,he arrived in       
,srinagar a day or two before our       
departure4 ,on arriving at ,islamabad1  
we had encamped on the left bank of the 
river1 which was the only convenient    
camping-ground near the city4 ,we are   
awkwardly situated for the sick1 as the 
river lay between us and the city4 ,in  
consequence of this drawback to our     

position1 we had to cross the river     
daily2 and1 as there was a large grove  
quite close to the city1 we met there   
for worship and the reception of the    
sick4 ,the number of patients present   
to-day was 7874 ,qadir addressed the    
group1 and was patiently and quietly    
listened to4 ,islamabad lies on low     
ground near the river1 which is here a  
comparatively small stream4 ,the        
surrounding country is well wooded1 and 
finely cultivated4 ,behind the town is a
 long lacustrine promontory1 stretching 
back for several miles1 and on this     
platform1 at its upper end1 is built the
 ancient temple of ,martand4 ,it is by  
far the most perfect ruin of its class  
in the valley-the inner temple being    
still almost complete1 and on the walls 
it is not difficult to trace the remains
 of carefully carved images4 ,the       
surrounding walls are much broken1 but  
have evidently been formed of the       
splendid blocks of hewn and carved      
limestone which lie heaped in every     

direction4 ,the temple faces the sun1 in
 whose honour it was built about #cej   
,a4,d4  #bjth ,july4-,to-day1 we        
loosened our moorings1 and sailed away  
from ,islamabad1 not without the hope   
that what had been done and said would1 
in ,god's good time1 bear fruit4 ,the   
,maharajah's servants were exceedingly  
civil and obliging1 and the kotwal spoke
 very kindly of the ,rev4 ,r4 ,clark1   
who had visited ,islamabad the previous 
year4  #bb;d ,july4-,the previous       
evening1 we arrived at the village of   
,kkapur1 which is situated on the left  
bank of the river ,jhelum4 ,on arriving1
 intimation was given that the hakim    
would receive patients in the morning4  
,in the morning1 a company of fifty was 
gathered under the shade of a gigantic  
plane tree on the bank of the river1    
near to our boats4 ,qadir read the third
 chapter of ,st4 ,john's ,gospel1 and   
then explained the nature of the new    
birth1 with its fruits4 ,the people most
 attentive1 and apparently interested4  

,twenty-six persons applied for advice  
and medicine4 ,the poverty and filth of 
the people great4 ,the majority of the  
cases ophthalmic4  #bgth                
,july4-7,srinagar74 ,in the afternoon1  
performed ,chopart's operation for      
caries of the bones of tarsus4 ,the     
patient was a girl1 whose father and    
mother were present during the          
operation4 ,chloroform was administered 
to the patient1 who went off very       
quickly4 ,in operating1 my difficulties 
are legion1 for ,i have everything to do
 myself4  #ajth ,august4-,twenty-seven  
men and twenty-seven women present4 ,one
 man from ,baramula1 another from       
,islamabad1 the two extremities of the  
valley4 ,addressed them myself from the 
opening verses of ,st4 ,john's ,gospel3 
one of the ,diwan's principal officers  
was present1 and when he heard me speak 
of the ,son of ,god made manifest in the
 flesh1 it was too much for him3 he     
quietly rose and took his leave4  #aath 
,august4-,number of patients thirty-two4

 ,subject of address from ,st4 ,john    
xv41 ',this is my commandment1 that ye  
love one another1 as ,i have loved you4'
 ,i always take care to select such     
passages as embody the cream of the     
,gospel-the ,father's love1 and the     
,father's ,gift1 ,jesus the ,son of     
,god1 ,jesus ,god1 ,his voluntary       
sacrifice of ,himself for all who shall 
believe on ,him1 the free invitation to 
all to come and be saved4 ,i touch but  
little on ,mohammedanism or ,hinduism4  
,i think the spread of the gospel would 
be hindered by my doing so1 and that    
more progress would be made if there    
were less of polemics in missionary     
operations4 ,let the gospel be fully    
preached1 and we shall see that ,christ 
is still the power of ,god unto         
salvation to everyone that believeth4   
#abth ,august4-,twenty-seven men and    
seventeen women present to-day4 ,after  
dispensary work1 my assistants and ,i   
sailed up the river to see the ruins of 
,pandrenton1 an old ,hindu ,temple2     

distance no more than three miles1 but  
it took us four hours to reach the place
 by water1 the ,jhelum meanders so4 ,the
 temple is situated in the midst of a   
small lake1 which is covered with reeds4
 ,it is built of large blocks of stone1 
and shows1 in its style of architecture1
 a close affinity to the form of the    
common ,hindu temple of ,bengal1 i4e41  
the square block surmounted by a pyramid
 roof4 ,the floor is under water2 lying 
near the edge of the small lake1 we saw 
the ,god1 a stone image1 with red paint 
marks4 ,it is still worshipped much4    
,returned by land4 ,saw quantities of   
hemp growing1 and also some plants of   
thorn-apple4 ,met many worshippers      
returning from ,amarnath1 one of whom   
told me that six men had been killed in 
ascending to the ,holy ,cave by the     
falling of some rocks4  #aeth           
,august4-,fifty-three patients to-day4  
,addressed them from ,st4 ,john iii4    
#af1 #ag4 ,felt my own heart glow with  
love to the ,saviour1 as ,i tried to    

commend ,him to others4 ,it is very     
trying to speak to an assembly on       
matters in which they have not the least
 sympathy4 ,but the promise1 ',lo1 ,i am
 with you alway1' is fulfilled4  #bb;d  
,august4-,learned to-day from one of the
 ,maharajah's military servants that the
 report ,i had heard some time ago about
 the sepoys and people having been      
prohibited from coming to me was quite  
correct4 ,besides1 it turns out that a  
sepoy had been placed at the end of the 
wooden bridge adjacent to my bungalow1  
to keep a watch upon my movements4 ,both
 the sepoys and people have up to this  
time paid very little attention to the  
prohibition4 ,the collection made by the
 ,rev4 ,mr4 ,cowie1 the chaplain1 for   
the ,kashmir ,medical ,mission amounted 
to ,rs4#aac1 #f;a4  #bfth               
,august4-,to-day1 there were forty-four 
women and thirty-two men present at the 
morning's reception4 ,a native gentleman
 called on me in the afternoon1 to tell 
me he had spoken to the ,diwan or       

governor of ,kashmir1 about my being    
allowed to remain during the winter     
months in the valley4 ,i had operated on
 this man some time before1 and he took 
this way of showing his gratitude4 ,he  
said to my friend ,i could not obtain   
permission from the native ,government  
to stay in ,kashmir throughout the year1
 for the following reasons3 #a4 ,because
 it would be contrary to the treaty2 #b4
 ,because there is a famine in the      
country1 ,i might not be able to get    
provisions in the winter2 #c4 ,because  
more than one ,european has lost his    
life by remaining in ,kashmir during the
 winter months2 and #d4 ,because it is  
contrary to the ,maharajah's wish that  
,europeans should stay in ,kashmir in   
winter4 ,the sepoys and people who have 
derived benefit from the dispensary talk
 of petitioning the ,diwan to allow me  
to remain4  #bith ,august4-,the number  
of patients present to-day was ninety4  
,the address was delivered as usual1 and
 the attention marked4 ,had two surgical

 operations-one the excision of a fatty 
tumour1 and the other an operation for  
ectropion4 ,yesterday1 was asked to     
conduct service in the usual place of   
worship-the chaplain being absent4 ,was 
greatly agitated at first1 but became   
calmer as the service advanced4 ,read   
the first chapter of ,bonar's ',god's   
,way of ,holiness4' ,i greatly relish   
that book for its clear and thorough    
exhibition of divine truth4 ,to-day1    
seventy-three patients1 diseases chiefly
 #c;d ,january1 #ahff4  ,he thus writes 
to his mother3-,sept4 #bc;d1 #ahfe4-;,i 
am able-still very imperfectly1 it is   
true-to tell the poor ,kashmiris of     
,god's overflowing love to sinners4 ,the
 sinful heart is hard1 but ,i firmly    
believe that1 if anything will break it1
 and soften it1 and make it holy and    
loving1 it is the exhibition of ,god's  
infinite love to lost man4 ,in speaking 
to others of ,jesus and ,his unutterable
 love1 ,i feel my own soul glowing and  
going out towards ,god in yearning      

desires for greater holiness1 greater   
likeness to my blessed ,redeemer1 and   
for a complete consecration to ,his     
service4 ,my heart's most earnest desire
 is1 next to my own salvation1 that ,god
 would honour me to lead many to the    
,saviour before ,i die1 and ,i am       
hopeful of one or two of those among    
whom ,i labour4 ,paul may plant1 and    
,apollos water1 but it is ,god alone who
 can give the increase4 ,pray for the   
increase1 dearest mother4  ,i have good 
news to tell you2 the chaplain here1 the
 ,rev4 ,mr4 ,cowie1 is going home1 and  
as he purposes visiting ,aberdeen1 he   
has kindly promised to call on you1 and 
tell you all about me and the mission   
work4 ,he has given me his horse and    
saddle-this horse was the property of   
,sir ,colin ,campbell during the mutiny4
 ,i forgot to tell you that a native    
gentleman has had a handsome signet ring
 made for me as a mark of his gratitude 
for my having cured him of a chronic and
 painful disease4 ,my work goes on      

steadily2 no spiritual fruit as yet2    
but1 perhaps1 ,i should not say this1   
for a ,kashmiri1 who fearlessly declared
 his faith in ,christ in an open bazaar 
yesterday1 endured a terrible beating   
from his fellow-countrymen1 and still   
seems to stand fast4 ,i had fifty       
patients this morning4 ,they always     
listen attentively1 but ,i can see by   
the countenances of many1 that the word 
is not received with gladness4 ,it would
 indeed be a miracle if it were1 for the
 gospel strikes at the root of all that 
those benighted people look to for      
happiness in the next world or in this1 
and reproves them with a voice of       
thunder for the wicked life they live   
now4 ,i have now no hope of being       
allowed to remain during the winter4    
,dear mother1 pray that the ,lord may   
mollify the ,maharajah's heart4         
#bdth4-,to-day had sixty patients4 ,oh1 
dear mother1 that we could wholly live  
to ,god and for others6 ,how happy1     
truly happy1 we should both be now and  

on the other side4 ,pray for me1 dear   
mother4 ,the devil would fain tempt me  
to think that this is fruitless work1   
and that ,i am a fool for not living for
 the present world1 with its honours and
 wealth4 ,lord1 we believe1 help ,thou  
our unbelief4 ,blessings on you1 dear   
mother6 ,let us think more of ,jesus1   
and of heaven1 and of the life beyond6  
then we shall certainly be happy4  #beth
 ,sept4-,heard glad news to-day from the
 catechist1 to the effect that my       
,kashmiri pundit had declared to him    
that he firmly believed the gospel was  
true1 but that he was afraid to make a  
public profession of his faith in ,jesus
 for fear of the consequences4 ,he is   
but a ,nicodemus in faith4 ,lord        
strengthen him4 ,i was not at all       
surprised at this news1 for the pundit  
generally spent his ,sundays with us in 
reading the ,new ,testament1 and        
speaking about ,christianity4  #bith    
,sept4-,long conversation to-day with my
 servants on divine things4 ,we spoke of

 baptism2 its import1 and what makes a  
man a true ,christian4 ,my pundit1 a    
sepoy1 a merchant1 and native doctor1   
listened with manifest interest4  #fth  
,oct4-,was called to see the            
,maharajah's chief military officer in  
,kashmir4 ,he confirmed the report      
formerly spoken of4 ,i could not help   
jocularly saying1 that according to our 
,european notions1 the ,maharajah's army
 must be in a state of insubordination  
from the colonel downwards4  #afth      
,oct4-,was requested by the ,brahmin1   
who is at the head of financial affairs 
in ,kashmir1 and on whom ,i had operated
 a short time before1 to go with him and
 see one of the female members of his   
family who had sore eyes1 according to  
his account4 ,i was only too glad to go 
with him1 in order to get an entrance   
into this ,hindu family4  #agth         
,oct4-,to-day left ,srinagar4 ,the      
,brahmin of yesterday accompanied me out
 of the town1 and expressed how grateful
 he felt for the benefit he had received

 from the ,medical ,missionary          
,dispensary4 ,i purpose returning to the
 ,punjaub by the ,pir ,panjal1 and      
following the same plan as ,i did on my 
way into the valley1 i4e41 of having    
receptions and addresses at each of the 
resting-places4  ,before starting with  
,dr4 ,elmslie on his return to          
,amritsar1 the following testimonies to 
the value of his work in ,kashmir1 and  
of ,medical ,missions in general1 may be
 suitably introduced3-  ,the ,bishop of 
,calcutta entered the following remarks 
in the visitors' book3-,during my       
present stay in ,kashmir ,i have twice  
been present at ,dr4 ,elmslie's         
reception of patients1 and bear willing 
testimony to the great interest and     
practical usefulness1 as well as to the 
wise and ,christian character of his    
proceedings4 ,he presents ,christianity 
to the people in its most obviously     
beneficent aspect2 and for this union of
 care for men's souls with the healing  
of their bodies the gospel narrative    

furnishes us with the very highest      
justification and precedent4 ,it is but 
little that we can1 at present1 do to   
make known to the people of this country
 the blessings of ,christ's salvation2  
but ,i quite believe that ,dr4 ,elmslie 
is knocking at the one door which may1  
through ,god's help1 be opened for the  
truth to enter in4 ,i heard two         
,hindustani sermons from his catechist1 
addressed to the sufferers from various 
maladies1 who were gathered in the      
verandah1 one on the ,lord's prayer1 and
 the other on the parable of the sower4 
,both were excellent1 simple1           
unpretending1 suited to the hearers1    
placing before them plain ,christian    
truth1 and without any offensive remarks
 on their own religions1 or the very    
slightest political allusion4 ,the fact 
that there are not 7and1 under present  
circumstances1 apparently cannot be7 any
 properly educated doctors in ,kashmir1 
makes ,dr4 ,elmslie's presence here an  
act of ,christian benevolence1 quite    

apart from its missionary character2 and
 ,i cannot but hope that this1 joined to
 the quiet efforts of the chaplain to   
keep alive in ,english travellers a     
feeling of ,christian faith and         
responsibility1 will at least remove    
from the minds of the people any        
prejudice against the ,gospel which may1
 ,i fear1 have been excited by the too  
frequent misconduct of ,englishmen      
visiting the valley4 ,on all accounts ,i
 heartily commend ,dr4 ,elmslie's       
efforts to the sympathy of all          
thoughtful persons1 and ,i feel sure    
that he will be guided by prudence1 as  
well as zeal1 and will not forget what  
is due to the wishes of the ,government 
of the country1 while1 at the same time1
 he will of course maintain the directly
 ,christian character of his work4  ,the
 subjoined was written by the ,rev4 ,w4 
,g4 ,cowie1 ,m4,d41 chaplain on duty in 
,kashmir3-,dr4 ,elmslie has asked me to 
state here any suggestions ,i may have  
to offer respecting the system pursued  

by him at his daily receptions of       
patients4 ,i have been present on       
several occasions during the last four  
months1 and much pleased each time by   
what ,i saw and heard4 ,i frequently ask
 natives of ,kashmir what they think    
about the ,medical ,mission1 and am     
invariably told by them that they       
consider ,dr4 ,elmslie's work a great   
blessing to the poor of ,srinagar1 and  
of the valley in general4 ,i am not     
acquainted with the working of any other
 mission whose system ,i consider so    
hopeful as that adopted by ,dr4         
,elmslie2 and during my expected sojourn
 in ,england and ,scotland 7in          
#ahff-fg71 it will afford me the        
greatest pleasure to advocate the claims
 of the mission on the ,christian public
 in every way ,i can4  ,one more        
testimony may be introduced1 by the     
,rev4 ,g4 ,yeates1 ,m4,a41 missionary1  
,moultan3-,as a brother missionary1 ,i  
feel great pleasure in adding my        
testimony to the value of the ,medical  

,mission in ,kashmir1 as conducted by   
,dr4 ,elmslie4 ,while in ,srinagar1 ,i  
have frequently been present at his     
receptions of patients1 as also at      
,islamabad1 when he visited that town1  
and have enjoyed the meetings very much4
 ,i have seldom heard gospel truths more
 faithfully preached than in the        
addresses to the patients1 which1 along 
with the prayer that followed each1     
could not have been better suited to the
 audience4 ,the spirit of love was      
manifested in all that was said1 while  
the more tangible appeal to the senses  
which followed1 in the way of medicines 
and advice1 afforded a strong proof of  
the intention to benefit them which1    
under ,god's blessing1 cannot but result
 in good4     ,,chapter ,,ix4  ,,wayside
 ,,ministries ,,and ,,work ,,in         
,,amritsar4   ,in ,india ,dr4 ,elmslie  
had two homes-if indeed he had a home at
 all1 for he spoke of himself as being  
like ,noah's dove1 without a resting    
place for the sole of his foot-two homes

 and three spheres of labour4 ,for six  
months in the year he lived and worked1 
as we have seen1 in ,kashmir4 ,then     
going each season to and from this1 his 
main centre of action1 he had no home   
whatever-sometimes like his ,divine     
,master he had no place to lay his      
head-but he had a precious sphere of    
usefulness in wayside ministries amongst
 the sick and suffering1 of which he    
gladly availed himself2 and then for a  
few months in the year1 in ,amritsar1 or
 some other city1 he opened a dispensary
 and carried on his ,medical ,missionary
 operations4 ,leaving the beautiful     
valley we shall accompany him as he     
moves by the ,pir ,panjal towards       
,amritsar1 exemplifying as he goes the  
heaven-appointed plan of missions-,,heal
 ,,and ,,preach4  ,journal1 ,october    
#bjth1 #ahfe4-,road to ,haripur rough1  
but the scenery more and more beautiful1
 reminding me of the dear ,scotch       
,highlands4 ,no shelter at ,haripur1 so 
breakfasted on the path-side and set out

 for ,aliabad ,serai1 which is near the 
very highest point to which we ascend   
the ,himalayas4 ,road all precipitous   
and rough1 a pony indispensable for     
comfort1 but not quite free of danger1  
for as ,i was urging my tuttoo up one of
 the knotty points of the mountain he   
fell back4 ,i threw myself to one side  
and escaped all injury1 but the pony    
went rolling down the rocks for some    
distance4 ,the scenery from ,haripur to 
,aliabad is very grand2 the towering    
mountains are covered with magnificent  
pines1 and deep down in the ravine      
below1 there dashes a wild river1 its   
course fretted by many a boulder4 ,about
 five ,p4,m4 ,i reached the ,serai1     
tired and longing to rest1 very hungry1 
but my servants had not arrived4 ,the   
night was bitterly cold1 and ,i had to  
spend it without even a blanket to cover
 me1 for my servants had stayed at the  
foot of the last ascent and did not     
arrive till morning4  ,a little beyond  
,aliabad ,serai the traveller reaches   

the summit of the pass1 about #ab1jjj   
feet above sea level4 ,on it there      
stands a watch-tower1 inhabited by the  
guardian of the pass4 ,the view is      
inconceivably grand1 it entrances one1  
making one forget all the fatigues of   
the journey and rejoice in the glories  
of ,god's creation4 ,india's plains lie 
stretched before you1 with an           
intervening foreground of marvellously  
verdant mountains1 while towering above 
and around are the thousand snowy peaks 
of the ,himalayas4 ,the descent is not  
so easy as it seems at first4 ,the paths
 are precipitous1 and often dangerous1  
and always lonely4 ,the marches from one
 ,serai to another are sixteen miles4   
,on arriving1 tired and footsore1 ,dr4  
,elmslie often found that his servants  
were far behind him1 and he was thankful
 to accept the hospitality of the       
natives1 and to partake of milk and     
chipatties gladly supplied by them4 ,at 
every resting place he called the sick1 
and did what he could to relieve their  

sufferings1 while his catechist         
addressed them from the ,word4 ,he      
writes1 ,i am delighted to be able to   
follow ,qadir ,bakhsh in his addresses  
now3 his similes are always apt2 for    
instance1 to-day when speaking of faith 
he said1 ',faith is like a seed which   
the ,holy ,spirit takes and sows in the 
heart2 from the seed grows the          
,christian tree1 and the fruit of the   
tree is good works4' ,though tired1 ,i  
felt impelled to say a word or two about
 ,god's unspeakable love4 ,the people   
listened with marked attention4 ,again  
he writes3-,october #beth4-,soon after  
leaving ,rajaori we saluted a company of
 ,chinese ,mussulmans on their way to   
,mecca1 and again we met in the ,serai  
at ,sialsui-a wretched mud building in  
which ,i took refuge from a             
thunderstorm4 ,qadir ,bakhsh told me he 
had had a long conversation with one of 
them1 and it had ended in his asking him
 for a ,testament4 ,he could read and   
speak ,persian1 he said1 so ,i called   

him and had some conversation4 ,i       
learned that he came from ,foochow1 one 
of four ,mussulman cities in ,china1    
and1 anxious to show his repentance for 
sin1 he had set out on the pilgrimage to
 ,mecca4 ,i tried to show him the utter 
impossibility of any man obtaining      
eternal life through mere repentance    
without an atoning sacrifice1 such a    
sacrifice as our blessed ,saviour had   
offered up4 ,he listened to ,qadir      
,bakhsh and me silently1 and again      
expressed his desire to possess a copy  
of the ',injil4' ,not having any with me
 in ,persian1 we gave him a copy of the 
,old ,testament1 and he was much        
pleased4 ,he read the ,decalogue with   
great interest4 ,poor fellow1 he said he
 had been nine months on his pilgrimage 
already4 ,what a lesson in earnestness6 
,lord1 bless thine own word to this     
deluded follower of the false prophet4  
,while conversing with him1 the ,kotwal 
of the village and his followers had    
come in4 ,afterwards we had a remarkably

 interesting conversation with a very   
intelligent ,kashmiri1 who had been     
listening attentively to all that was   
said to the ,chinaman4  ,october        
#bhth4-,one of our ,chinese friends who 
follow in our track1 has an attack of   
tonsillitis1 for which he applied for   
medicine1 which he got1 along with a few
 words intended to reach the seat of the
 spiritual disease4 ,this is my ,indian 
birthday4 ,help me1 ,lord1 to do more in
 the coming year1 towards spreading the 
news of ,thy marvellous love to lost    
men6  #cast ,october1 near              
,thh4-,crossed the ,chenab by a rudely  
constructed ferryboat2 the road to ,thh 
comparatively good1 but long and broken 
by tributaries of the ,chenab4 ,there is
 a wonderful difference between the     
cultivation of the neighbouring country 
compared to that of the territory       
through which ,i have come4 ,an         
extensive system of irrigation is       
carried on by the native farmers4 ,about
 three o'clock ,i arrived alone at ,thh1

 where ,i was intending to pass the     
night1 but found that the ',sahib ,log' 
went to a village at some distance4 ,so 
at least the rogue of a bombardr        
informed me4 ,after a ride of ten       
minutes1 ,i reached the said village and
 dismounted under the shade of a clump  
of trees1 requesting my conductor1 the  
son of said bombardr1 to go back to ,thh
 and send me some milk and fruit1 also  
some grain for my horse1 as ,i feared my
 servants would not arrive till late4   
,his promises of a speedy return with   
all ,i wanted were not fulfilled1 and ,i
 sat there alone1 tired with my journey1
 from four till seven o'clock1 when     
,qadir ,bakhsh arrived1 much to my joy4 
,he at once set out to forage1 but      
without success4 ,having tasted nothing 
since early morning1 and seeing no      
prospect of dinner1 ,i set out with     
,qadir ,bakhsh to see what we could     
effect by our combined forces4 ,i shall 
never forget the furious rage dear old  
,qadir ,bakhsh acted1 greatly to the    

terror of all who came near him4 ,when  
no one was looking he turned round and  
laughed heartily to me4 ,it was an      
amusing scene even to a hungry man as ,i
 was1 and as the fruit of it1 one woman 
brought us1 partly from fear1 partly    
from pity1 some milk1 a charpae and some
 straw1 and with these we had to be     
content for the night4 ,i drank my milk1
 thanking ,god for all ,his goodness    
during the day1 and went to sleep under 
the shade of the trees4 ,in the morning 
found my followers had arrived through  
the night4 ,walked most of the way to   
,sealkote with a mussulman1 and told him
 about ,jesus and ,his great salvation4 
,november #eth4-,early this morning     
arrived at ,amritsar4 ,busy preparing   
house in city for dispensary1 c4 ,mean  
to live there in order to be near my    
patients4  ,amritsar1 #bjth ,november1  
#ahfe4-,,my ,,ever ,,dearest            
,,mother1-,since my return from ,kashmir
 ,i have had a very sorrowful work to   
perform2 one of the young missionaries  

connected with the work here1 had had an
 attack of dysentery1 and had been      
ordered off to ,dalhousie in hope of    
benefiting from the mountain air4 ,but  
he became worse and worse4 ,i went up to
 this hill station in order to help his 
poor young wife in nursing him1 and if  
possible1 to bring him down to the      
plains again1 but it was too late2 he   
died three hours before ,i arrived4 ,you
 can imagine the scene of sorrow4 ,mr4  
,watkin was a very promising young      
missionary1 and we all feel deeply our  
loss in his death4 ,after a few days my 
friend and his1 ,mr4 ,r41 came down1    
bringing ,mrs4 ,w4 with us4  #c;d       
,january1 #ahff4-;,god continues to give
 me in ,his great goodness an ordinary  
quantum of health and spirits4 ,i know  
nothing so conducive to both1 as the    
assurance that ,god is reconciled to    
you1 and you to ,god1 through the       
precious blood of ,jesus4 ,how is your  
soul prospering8 ,is ,jesus becoming    
more and more precious1 and is the world

 becoming more like a wilderness to you8
 ,we have been taught this lesson very  
solemnly of late4 ,another of our number
 has been summoned home4 ,the ,rev4 ,w4 
,stevenson of ,peshawur died some days  
ago of fever4 ,mr4 ,clark's fine little 
boy too has been taken away4 ,these     
events solemnize us greatly1 while they 
remind us also of ,god's great mercy in 
sparing us a little while longer4 ,yet  
,st4 ,paul is right when he says that to
 depart and be with ,christ is far      
better than to remain here in this      
sinful imperfect world4 ,my work is     
slowly progressing in ,amritsar4        
,yesterday ,i had twenty-nine patients1 
all of whom listened attentively to the 
word read and explained4 ,you will be   
happy to hear that ,i am now able to    
read the native language1 and to make   
short comments on the passages of       
,scripture1 and also to close our       
meetings with extempore prayer4 ,i have 
four assistants here besides the native 
doctor1 and for these lads ,i have begun

 two classes1-one for the study of      
materia medica1 and another for anatomy4
 ,i find the people here more bigoted   
than in ,kashmir4 ,they would much      
rather pay a small fee than listen to   
the address and prayer1 although they   
love money ardently4 ,next week ,i hope 
to open a class for chemistry1 in hope  
of gathering some of the lads in the    
city who speak ,english1 and who intend 
taking a degree in the ,university4 ,it 
is said ,i shall have a large class1 and
 ,i think ,i may thus come into closer  
relationship with many young men4  ,you 
express a hope that we may be found in  
,jesus4 ,why should we doubt it8 ,jesus 
is ready to receive us4 ,we know ,he is 
more willing to bless than we are to    
receive the blessing4 ,the ,father has  
constructed a stupendous machinery for  
the express purpose of bringing us to   
,him2 we will go to ,jesus and dwell    
where ,he dwells4  ,february #aith1     
#ahff4-;,did ,i tell you that ,i had    
commenced a course of lectures on       

chemistry8 ,there are twenty-six names  
on the list1 and ,i trust my object may 
be realized in counteracting some of the
 evil influences of much of our         
scientific literature4  ,july #aith1    
#ahff4-;,as the ,lieutenant ,governor1  
with his court1 is expected to be       
present at the ,durbr1 which will be    
held here next week1 we purpose having a
 meeting of our ,medical ,mission       
,committee1 when a new ,secretary and   
,treasurer is to be appointed4 ,i trust 
,i shall not be called on to undertake  
this work1 for ,i feel sure it would    
hinder me from doing so much direct     
mission work as ,i should be able to do 
if free of all money matters and        
correspondence4 ,they say in ,amritsar  
that ,i am to meet with much opposition 
from ,government this season in         
,kashmir4 ,if the work is the ,lord's1  
then all things must ultimately work    
together for ,his glory4 ,he can        
restrain the fury of men1 saying to     
them1 as ,he did to the great deep1     

',hitherto shalt thou come1 and no      
further4' ,i am often with you in       
spirit1 often with you1 dearest mother1 
at the throne of grace1 breathing out   
desires for a blessing on you4 ,how very
 near we are in ,christ4  ,i had a visit
 from three priests of the golden temple
 to-day1 who presented me with a        
quantity of sweetmeats and flowers1 and 
after the usual civilities1 we entered  
into conversation about ',namak ,sahib' 
and the ,grunth2 ,i trying to tell them 
something of the gospel4 ,they were1    
however1 bent on something else4 ,after 
telling me of the liberal bakhshish so  
many great sahibs had given them1 they  
at last1 provoked at my not taking the  
hint1 asked me point blank what ,i would
 give them4 ,i replied in some such     
words as ,peter1 ',silver and gold have 
,i none1 but such as ,i have give ,i    
thee1' and assured them of my           
willingness to give them medicine for   
body and for soul4 ,they gathered up the
 sweetmeats and flowers1 and stalked    

off1 not a little disappointed4         
,january #bc;d1 #ahff4-,,to ,,dr4       
,,cleghorn4-,it would have afforded me  
unbounded pleasure to have met you1 and 
talked over with you the concerns and   
prospects of the mission1 of which you  
have the honour of being the father1 and
 ,i that of being the agent4444  ,we had
 a most delightful week of prayer the   
week before last4 ,we felt indeed that  
the ,lord was in our midst4 ,we shall   
expect great blessings after such united
 supplications on the part of ,god's    
people1 according to ,his own gracious  
promise4 ,on the #cast inst4 we are to  
have another day for prayer on behalf of
 medical missions1 according to the     
appointment of the home society4 ,would 
that ,god would pour out ,his ,holy     
,spirit on our ,universities1 that men  
may come and offer themselves for this  
glorious work6  ,march #fth1 #ahff4-,to 
be ready6 ,what does this imply8 ,does  
it require some great effort or labour  
on my part to become ready for the      

coming of the ,son of ,man8 ,nay1 ,i    
have only to believe in ,jesus2 ,he is  
my righteousness4 ,in ,him is all the   
,father requires4 ,blessed ,jesus1 how  
very very precious ,thou art to me6 ,why
 should ,i ever hunger or thirst1 when  
in ,thee is fulness of all ,i need4 ,why
 should any perish1 seeing that ,jesus  
has done and suffered so much that we   
might have life4 ,let me1 with humble1  
thankful1 loving1 joyful1 and faithful  
heart1 take this full salvation1 and    
even now feast upon it1 even now become 
rich through it1 even now rejoice with  
joy unspeakable and full of glory6 ,this
 precious thought regarding our         
completeness in ,christ came out in an  
interesting form during his student days
 in ,edinburgh4 ,a patient of his was   
subject to attacks of cramp1 and on one 
occasion fainted from the severity of   
the pain4 ,when the sufferer emerged    
from unconsciousness1 he found the hand 
of the young doctor resting gently on   
his clammy brow and exclaimed1 ',oh1    

doctor1 to be ready1 and to get away    
from this terrible suffering6' ,the     
doctor answered softly1 ',you are always
 ready ,,in ,,jesus1 you will never be  
ready ,,out ,,of ,,him4'  ,march #gth1  
#ahff4-,still labouring away in         
,amritsar1 but intend to close my       
dispensary soon1 and to pack up for the 
journey over the mountains4 ,i continue 
to enjoy excellent health1 and am very  
happy in soul4 ,jesus1 my ,saviour1     
becomes dearer and dearer to me every   
day4 ,my faith in ,him is growing       
stronger1 and my delight in my work is  
also increasing4 ,i am persuaded that to
 labour for ,christ in this world is the
 greatest honour and the surest and     
speediest way to becoming strong and    
happy in the ,lord4  ,last week we had a
 series of grand meetings here4 ,numbers
 of ,europeans and native gentlemen met 
together for the purpose of discussing  
many points bearing on the social       
condition of this province4 ,the first  
day was devoted to the delivery of      

speeches1 and reading of addresses on   
different social questions4 ,we met in a
 large tent1 and the brilliant colouring
 of the dresses worn by the natives made
 the scene a most picturesque one4 ,on  
the second day1 prizes were given to all
 who had distinguished themselves at the
 recent examinations4 ,the third day was
 the crowning one1 because the wise and 
noble ,governor of the province 7a      
,scotchman1 ,mr4 ,m,leod7 honoured the  
meeting with his presence4 ,on that day 
and on the next1 ,i had the honour of   
dining with the ,lieutenant ,governor4  
,on ,thursday1 he kindly offered to     
drive me to a conversazione1 given to   
the native gentlemen4 ,he made me sit by
 him in the carriage on his right hand1 
and spoke to me of ,scotland4 ,but now1 
dearest mother1 ,i must stop short4 ,my 
message for you is ,genesis xv4 #a1 a   
lovely1 true1 and comforting word4 ,pray
 for me and for poor ,kashmir4 ,o may   
,god richly bless you in soul and       
body4-,your ever loving son1 ,,willie4  

,april #b;d1 #ahff4-,,to ,,dr4          
,,cleghorn4-,i brought my operations    
here to a close a short time ago1 just  
immediately before we had our last      
meeting of committee4 ,one day1 while ,i
 was engaged in giving my lecture on    
chemistry1 which ,i continued to do till
 the last1 two of the honorary          
,magistrates of ,amritsar waited on me1 
as a deputation from 7what we should    
call7 the ,town ,council1 to request me 
to prolong my stay in ,amritsar4 ,i need
 not say that this was exceedingly      
gratifying to me1 as a doctor and as a  
,christian2 and my heart was filled with
 gratitude to our heavenly ,father1 who 
had graciously granted me such favour   
with the very people whose temporal and 
spiritual welfare are so dear to my     
heart4 ,thinking that ,i was connected  
with the ,government1 and that ,i was   
about to leave ,amritsar on account of a
 ,government order1 the deputation said 
that they were prepared to draw up a    
petition to ,mr4 ,egerton1 the          

commissioner1 and to have it signed1    
soliciting him to use his influence in  
getting the order for my departure      
cancelled4 ,i explained all to them1 and
 expressed my sorrow at not being able  
to be in two places at the same time2   
but that ,i felt it to be my duty to go 
to ,kashmir1 where my proper work lay4  
,the time may be near when we shall see 
a large ,medical ,mission ,hospital in  
,amritsar4 ,there is room and need for  
it4444 ,just another item of news about 
our pet1 and ,i must have done4 ,sir    
,john ,lawrence has sent a message to   
,mr4 ,macleod1 the ,lieutenant-,governer
 of the ,punjaub1 to request the        
,resident1 this year1 to inform the     
,maharajah of ,kashmir1 that his        
hostility to ,christianity is not       
neutrality1 and that his policy towards 
missions is unworthy of a prince of his 
enlightened views4 ,this is the spirit  
of the message1 but not the very words4 
',the ,lord reigneth6'  ,lahore1 #c;d   
,april1 #ahff4-,once more ,i am on my   

way to ,kashmir1 to delight in its      
beauty1 and to cope with its sin and    
wretchedness4  ,we had our annual       
meeting of the ,kashmir ,medical        
,mission a few days ago1 and to me it   
was a very great pleasure to find that  
all the members were satisfied with the 
manner in which ,i had conducted the    
work in ,kashmir4 ,i need not tell you  
how glad ,i am for this1 not so much on 
my own account as on account of the work
 ,i have so much at heart4 ',if any man 
lack wisdom1 let him ask of ,god1 who   
giveth liberally and upbraideth not4'   
,god is my wisdom2 the constant cry of  
my inmost heart is1 ',make me truly wise
 to win souls1 keep me from doing a     
right thing in a wrong fashion4' ,it    
does cheer me to remember that you1 at  
least1 are praying for me2 we have to   
fight against a strong foe2 the devil   
and his emissaries have long held the   
fort in ,kashmir-poor perishing         
,kashmir1 for whom ,i could weep all    
day4 ,i have made my first attempt at   

,report-writing1 and1 like all my works1
 it displeases me3 ,i suppose ,i never  
shall be pleased with anything ,i       
attempt to do or be1 till ,i stand      
before ,god1 clothed in the perfect     
righteousness of ,christ2 then ,i shall 
be perfectly satisfied4  ,i have sent   
off my servants and luggage to the      
borders of ,kashmir1 and1 ,god willing1 
hope to set out myself about the #eth   
inst4 ,i am well1 and enabled to lay    
hold with a firmer grasp on the precious
 promises of ,god4  ,by-the-bye1 if you 
have not read ',god's ,way of ,peace1'  
and ',god's ,way of ,holiness1' do get  
them4 ,they have helped me wonderfully4 
,ever praying that the ,god of grace and
 comfort may be with you1 ,i remain your
 ever loving son1 ,,willie4  ,april #i1 
#ahff4-,to-day left the hospitable roof 
of my friend and joint ,secretary1 ,dr4 
,gray1 and set off on the journey to    
,rawal ,pindee4 ,had a long time alone  
for prayer1 that ,god would greatly     
prosper my own soul1 making it          

spiritually fragrant and verdant1 that  
thus ,i might be enabled to serve ,him  
more truly4 ,oh1 that ,he would grant to
 me and all who work with me a double   
portion of ,his ,spirit1 without whose  
vitalising influence no eternal good can
 accrue from our efforts4 ,my beloved   
,saviour1 in ,thy strength ,i go        
up-strong in ,thee4 ,i enter an enemy's 
country to fight with ,thy weapons the  
common foe4  #ajth4-,a military man is  
my fellow traveller4 ,wishing to unfurl 
my colours1 ,i asked a blessing aloud at
 breakfast4 ,he did not like my doing   
so4 ,my soul is very sun-shiny just now4
 ,god be praised4  #acth4-,long march to
 ,haripur4 ,sat down under a clump of   
trees and read ,schnberg-,cotta ,family4
 ,the female characters in it are       
beautifully drawn4 ,the approaching     
campaign in ,kashmir much in my thoughts
 to-day1 and ,i have had great joy and  
peace in making over the care of it all 
to the great ,care-bearer4 ,blessed     
,jesus1 go with me6  ,april #afth4-,i   

look on no trial now in the same light  
as formerly1 when ,i had not tested     
fully how good the ,lord is6 ,the child 
of ,god is lifted above the world when  
there subsists between him and his      
,saviour a vital union-the union of     
faith4 ,this union makes the believer   
invincible4 ,he may be cast down1 but he
 will speedily rise again1 to become    
stronger than before4 ,this is the      
effect of the divine schooling4 ,it     
educates the man for the battle of this 
life1 as well as for the life which is  
to come4  #ahth4-,left ,abbottabad with 
the ,rev4 ,mr4 ,wade of ,peshawur4 ,road
 to ,manserah very beautiful1 passing   
through extensive pine forests1 scenery 
more and more grand4 ,reached the       
,jhelum about #c ,p4,m41 and crossed it 
by the rope bridge4 ,the current is     
rapid and the river eighty yards across 
at this point4  #aith4-,busy all morning
 with sick people who had obeyed my     
summons in great numbers4 ,qadir ,bakhsh
 addressed them on the opening verses of

 our ,lord's ,sermon on the ,mount4     
,journey from ,muzufferabad to ,do      
,patta long1 and our ponies insufferably
 bad4 ,about half way my animal         
stumbled1 and down he went4 ,the        
severity of the blow fell on my right   
shoulder and side1 and at first ,i      
really thought some part of the bony    
apparatus had been fractured4 ,it was   
some time before ,i could move1 but at  
last remounted and rode till ,i could   
bear the excruciating pain no longer4   
,walked slowly to the resting place4    
#bjth4-,spent to-day in bed1 resting my 
arm and doctoring myself4 ,qadir ,bakhsh
 addressed the sick1 and the native     
doctor prescribed so far as he could4   
,april #bast4-,starting at #g ,a4,m41   
reached ,khanda at #a ,p4,m41 having    
walked all the way4 ,very much better   
to-day4 ,the ,nawab of the district sent
 to ask me for two bottles of wine for  
his horse4 ,had some doubt that the     
article was for himself1 not for the    
horse1 and was glad to be able to say ,i

 had no wine with me4 ,the chief men of 
this village confirm my suspicions that 
the wine was for himself1 although he is
 a ,mussulman4 ,told the people1 who    
came to pay their respects to us1       
something of ,god's love to fallen man1 
and gave notice of a reception of the   
sick to-morrow morning4  #bb;d1         
,sunday4-,early this morning had a      
gathering of the sick4 ,twenty-three    
came1 and ,qadir ,bakhsh addressed them4
 ,the ,rev4 ,j4 ,r4 ,wade held service  
in the afternoon4 ,another reception of 
sick in the evening4  #bdth4-,much      
hawthorn on the way to-day1 the         
fragrance of which was delicious4       
,visited the tomb of a ,mussulman1 and  
was allowed to enter4 ,within the court 
a square building of trellis-work1 which
 we entered1 and then within a screen1  
we saw the tomb4  ,in the evening saw   
twenty sick people1 and addressed them  
from ,john iii4 #ae4 ,gave two men who  
could read1 copies of ,st4 ,john's      
,gospel4 ,lord1 water this seed sown6   

,april #beth1 #ahff1 ,gingal4-,terrible 
thunder storm overtook us on our march  
to-day1 saw a splendid trough cut out of
 the solid rock4 ,reception of patients 
as usual4  #bfth4-,scenery on the way   
from ,gingal to ,baramula perfectly     
sublime4 ,the proud mountains bearing   
their glistening crowns of snow1 the    
nearer ones clothed with dark-coloured  
majestic pines4 ,passed some very       
ancient ruins1 which we thought bore    
traces of ,buddhist origin4 ,immediately
 on our arrival here1 engaged four large
 boats for ourselves1 servants1 and     
luggage4 ,after tea loosed our moorings 
and sailed away up the river1 which1 on 
account of the melting of snow1 is much 
larger than usual4  #bgth4-,what a rest 
after the toils of the journey this     
delicious sailing is6 ,spent the day in 
admiring the surpassingly beautiful     
scenery of this fairest portion of      
,god's earth1 and in prayer for its     
spiritual emancipation4 ,one cannot help
 seeing that the marvellous capabilities

 of the country are but partially       
developed1 the cultivation is very      
imperfect1 the buildings seem everywhere
 to be falling into ruins1 and the      
people are rendered indolent and        
heartless by oppressive taxation4       
,,chapter ,x4  ,,second ,,year',s ,,work
 ,,in ,,kashmir4   ,it is our privilege1
 during another season1 through means of
 his journal and letters1 to accompany  
,dr4 ,elmslie in his ,medical           
,missionary services in ,kashmir4       
,journal1 ,april #bh1 #ahff4-,reached   
,srinagar to-day4 ,committed my work to 
the ,god of missions1 and felt calm1    
trustful1 hopeful4  ,on reaching the    
bungalow ,i had rented last year1 found 
,i could not have it again4             
,disappointed1 ,i sailed up the river   
and at last secured a bungalow1 which ,i
 think may do as a make-shift4 ,it is   
the most remote of the houses set apart 
for bachelors1 and ,i chose it because  
there is plenty of ground round it for  
my patients 7if ,god grant me any7 to   

assemble1 without annoying the other    
visitors4 ,the house needs repair1 so   
,wade and ,i resolved to pitch our tents
 till it is ready4 ,dined outside our   
tents2 weather most beautiful2 mountains
 still covered with snow4444  ,here ,i  
am once more in this sinful country1 for
 the very purpose of exhibiting some of 
the loving power of the ,gospel4 ,oh1 be
 pleased to bless and quicken me1 and to
 pour out ,thy quickening ,spirit on    
this people1 that they may undergo a    
spiritual resurrection1 and live        
henceforth to the glory of ,thy name4   
,be pleased1 ,o ,father1 to direct me in
 all my plans2 may souls be converted2  
this is my one great desire2 but1 dear  
and loving and wise heavenly ,father1 if
 it should seem good to ,thee to        
withhold from me this great honour and  
joy1 help me to say from the heart1 ,not
 my will but ,thine be done6 ,in ,thy   
strength ,i resolve to be more diligent 
than ever ,i have yet been1 laying hold 
of every opportunity of doing good both 

to the souls and bodies of men1 and in  
prosecuting my linguistic studies4      
#cjth4-,heard to-day that the man who   
rented me his house last year is        
forbidden to do so again1 as it is too  
near the city6  ,whilst engaged in      
treating a poor sepoy this morning1 was 
waited on by a messenger from the       
,diwan4 ,after common civilities1 we    
spoke of everything except my mission4  
,was this wise8 ,or should ,i speak out8
 ,god guide me1 for ,i know not what is 
best4 ,the pundit1 who taught me        
,kashmiri last season1 brought me to-day
 the translation of the ,gospel of ,st4 
,john1 which ,i had engaged him to make4
  ,i find1 after much inquiry1 that     
there is no special ,kashmiri character1
 and that the religious books of the    
,hindu people living in the country are 
written in ,sanscrit1 which most of them
 can read4 ,kashmiri is always expressed
 by the ,persian character2 and ,persian
 itself is specially the language of the
 ,mussulman portion of the community4   

,may #b;d4-,busy arranging bungalow1 and
 hope fairly to begin operations        
to-morrow4 ,relish ,leighton's work very
 much3 his spirit is ,christ-like1 full 
of love and good will to men4 ,blessed  
,jesus1 give me this likeness to        
,thyself4 ,my patience is greatly tried 
with the slowness of the work-people4   
,had ,i come here merely for my own     
pleasure it would be bearable1 but when 
my work is hindered by it then my wrath 
is roused4 ,had actually to write to the
 ,baboo to-day about supplies of        
food1-so helpless is an ,englishman1 ay1
 and a ,scotchman too1 in the hands of  
the ,kashmiris4  #c;d4-,the fruit trees 
are now laden with blossom4 ,busy       
getting ready a tent for the sick to    
assemble in to hear the ,gospel before  
coming to the dispensary4 ,have taken   
the outside of a large ,swiss tent1 and 
by means of chicks and poles have formed
 a kind of pavilion1 likely to prove    
serviceable4  ,wade and ,i had a long   
walk after dinner1 and on our way home  

took it into our heads to count the     
trees on both sides of the long ,poplar 
,avenue4 ,on ,wade's side he counted #h 
chinars and #hhb poplars1 and on my side
 there were #g chinars and #ghh poplars4
 ,there are great gaps to be seen among 
them1 and many more must speedily die1  
as they have been barked4 ,in the       
evening read ,persian with ,wade4       
#dth4-,in our walk to-day intimated to  
all we met that our dispensary will be  
opened to-morrow4 ,examined some guns at
 the ,fort1 and found them perforated   
and unfit for use4  #eth4-,opened       
dispensary to-day4 ,mr4 ,wade1 ,qadir   
,bakhsh1 ,jewan ,lal1 ,thomas1 and      
,benjamin1 met me in the lower room of  
the little house we are now occupying1  
and we together prayed ,god to command  
,his blessing on the work we were about 
to begin4 ,we then adjourned to the     
tent1 and ,q4 ,b4 addressed the few     
patients who had come4 ,my blessed      
,saviour1 ,i delight to think ,thou wilt
 one day reign here1 and this land shall

 then be inhabited by men wise unto     
salvation3 now1 how ignorant1 deluded1  
superstitious this people is6           
,afterwards ,wade and ,i went to the top
 of ,takht-i-,suliman1 said to be #hjj  
feet high1 and ,i verily believe it1 for
 the ascent is by no means easy4 ,the   
formation is trap1 like the ,edinburgh  
,castle ,hill or ,arthur's ,seat4 ,near 
the summit sheep and cattle were        
grazing1 and on the very top there are  
two poplar and several fruit trees in a 
thriving condition4 ,met with some fine 
specimens of the ,iridace2 those ,irises
 cover the graves of all ,mussulmans    
buried in the valley1 some are pure     
white1 others are violet4 ,read         
,cunningham's essay1 describing the     
wonderful temple which crowns this hill4
  #fth4-,fourteen new patients to-day2  
one a case requiring a serious          
operation4 ,i have offered him a bed in 
my tent till he recovers1 and all he    
requires4 ,he promises to return1 but ,i
 cannot be sure1 as patients often      

profess to acquiesce and depart never to
 re-appear4 ,qadir ,bakhsh had a long   
and interesting conversation with some  
pundits to-day1 on the subject of ,god  
manifest in the flesh4 ,finished reading
 ,dr4 ,coldstream's life4 ,lord make me 
like him in all in which he resembled   
,christ4  ,qadir ,bakhsh informed us    
that three men had declared that they   
would become ,christians but for fear of
 the consequences to their families4    
#hth4-,two sepoys have been set to watch
 my house1 and a ,kashmiri1 whom they   
saw conversing with ,qadir ,bakhsh1 was 
beaten and driven away4  ,began my      
,materia ,medica class with ,benjamin   
and ,thomas1 and resumed lessons with my
 native doctor in ophthalmic surgery4   
,qadir ,bakhsh told me to-day that the  
,maharajah coins new money every two    
years and issues it1 receiving that of  
the previous years at about half its    
value4  #aath4-,took my moonshee in the 
morning to-day1 but fear this plan won't
 do1 for it interferes with my study of 

,god's ,holy ,word1 and ,i must allow   
nothing to come between me and the words
 of everlasting life4  ,visited a       
merchant from ,cabul1 who had had his   
ribs fractured in a quarrel4 ,several   
men were in attendance1 but no woman4   
,on his arms were two massive golden    
rings4 ,a man's ornaments are like      
banked money2 on a rainy day they are   
pawned or sold4  ,saw the man who bakes 
for the ,english1 and1 noticing the     
dirty state of his garments1            
expostulated4 ,he said he dare not wear 
clean clothes1 for if he did1 he would  
be thought wealthy1 and more taxes would
 be required of him4  ,friendly and     
quiet discussion with some ,mullahs from
 the city to-day4 ,water with ,thy ,holy
 ,spirit1 ,lord6  #abth4-,one hundred   
maunds of silk are produced annually in 
,kashmir4 ,the mulberry tree grows very 
freely here1 and the silk-worm is       
largely cultivated4  #acth4-,the        
,resident informed me to-day that ,i    
must not have the sick people so near   

the sahibs' dwellings4 ,i explained my  
case1 and he said he would give orders  
at once for a house to be built or      
provided for my dispensary near the     
city4 ,this is just what ,i wish4 ,the  
catechist has been busy all day with    
inquirers about ,jesus ,christ and the  
gospel4 ,mr4 ,wade conducted worship    
to-day1 and seven strangers attended2 my
 pundit was one of them4  #adth4-,oh1   
for more of the ,spirit of ,god1 and    
more of the gifts of the ,spirit1 that  
,i may be able to hold up ,christ to    
this people4 ,no fewer than seventy-four
 patients present to-day1 and all       
listened to the gospel message4 ,god    
bless it to them6 ,my lithotomy case ran
 away this morning1 so ,i am baulked of 
my operation4 ,heard from ,dr4 ,gray    
to-day4 ,he tells me that the ,supreme  
,government have despatched a minute to 
the ,maharajah of ,kashmir1 giving him  
to understand that they do not expect   
him to aid in the propagation of the    
,christian religion1 but that they do   

expect him to remain neutral4 ,the      
,resident called to-day1 and asked many 
questions4 ,i have made it a rule never 
to discuss ,kashmir affairs except with 
those whom ,i know to be on the ,lord's 
side4 ,i listen to all that is said1 but
 say little in reply4  #afth4-,eighty   
patients present to-day2 excised a      
fibrous tumour from behind right ear4   
,tent crowded1 and the word attentively 
listened to4 ,for last four days a      
mullah from the city has come to        
converse about divine things4 ,at first 
showed temper1 but to-day he listened   
very quietly4  #ahth4-,to-day1 because a
 carpenter had come to repair a boat for
 us without informing the ,baboo1 orders
 were given for his being beaten2 lashed
 on the spot he was1 and hurried off to 
prison4  #aith4-,eighty-nine patients4  
,went to see the house which the        
,resident said was nearly ready for my  
dispensary1 but could not find it4      
#bjth4-,informed by civil surgeon that  
the ,europeans who have lately come to  

the valley object to my having my       
patients near their quarters4 ,the ways 
of approach do not interfere in the     
least with the other bungalows1 and it  
is my opinion that there is not the     
slightest danger from infection to the  
lives of those who occupy the other     
houses4 ,i told ,dr4 ,r4 that ,mr4      
,cooper had kindly given orders for a   
dispensary to be built1 and that ,i am  
now waiting for its completion1 as ,i am
 most anxious to do all ,i can to please
 every one4 ,dr4 ,ray wished me to      
promise to pitch my tent in another part
 of the valley1 there to carry on       
operations2 that ,i refused to do4 ,to  
remove my instruments1 medicines1 tents1
 and everything elsewhere would damage  
my work to a great extent1 besides      
causing me a great deal of              
inconvenience4 ,i said1 however1 that if
 ,mr4 ,cooper gave an official order for
 me to do so1 having first proved that  
my remaining was injurious to the       
,europeans1 ,i should obey4 ,he has     

power to provide me with twenty houses  
if he chooses1 and why he is so dilatory
 about this one dispensary1 ,i cannot   
tell4 ,father1 ,i need wisdom2          
graciously grant it me6  #bc;d4-,a great
 crowd of people present4 ,ninety-five  
patients1 besides their friends4        
,attention to the word great4 ,operated 
on a case of soft cataract4 ,went to see
 frost-bitten pundit in the city2 the   
entrance to the house where he lay      
shamefully dirty4 ,removed a large      
portion of one foot which was almost    
severed from the affected part4         
#bdth4-,one hundred and five patients   
to-day4  #bc;d4-,heard from ,dr4 ,l4    
that my lithotomy case at ,rawal ,pindee
 did well2 patient quite recovered4     
,to-day a poor cowherd from ,gingal     
arrived1 having walked all the way from 
,abbottabad to ,baramula4 ,on           
examination1 found him to be suffering  
from stone4 ,gave him a dose of castor  
oil1 and in due time ,i removed the     
stone4 7,he had chloroform47 ,it weighed

 four drachms and four grains4 ,after   
the operation there was a little oozing1
 and as cold had not the desired effect 
in stopping it1 ,i soaked a piece of    
lint in a solution of alum 7strong71 and
 introduced it gently into the wound    
with the happy result of arresting the  
hmorrhage4 ,i had the poor man placed in
 my own tent4 ,i feel very much now the 
want of an hospital1 both for the       
success of the medical part of my work1 
and for the prosperity of the missionary
 element1 but ,i must wait patiently on 
,thee1 dear ,father1 for this4          
#bdth4-,lithotomy patient doing well4   
#beth4-,to-day my poor lithotomy patient
 died from gradual sinking4 ,i fear this
 may interfere with my medical success1 
but all things are in ,god's hands1 and 
there ,i leave this4  #bfth4-,killed two
 non-venomous snakes1 one #e feet #aj   
inches long by #d in circumference4     
,measured a chinar tree on my way home  
from a visit to the picturesque ruins at
 ,pandrenton3 at about #c feet from the 

ground its circumference was #ch feet4  
,spent a pleasant evening at ,mr4 ,s4's1
 practising singing for church4         
,ninety-four patients to-day4           
#bhth4-,very tired to-night4 ,another   
lithotomy case came this morning1 and ,i
 operated4444 ,lord1 if it be ,thy will1
 prosper this case6 much depends on it4 
,heard sad news to-day from ,col4       
,rothney1 under whose kind care ,i had  
left my assistant ,sikandar at          
,abbottabad1 because he was ill of      
fever4 ,he gradually grew worse after my
 leaving him1 and died on the #bjth     
inst4 ,he was a good lad1 and ,i doubt  
not is now with ,christ in glory4       
,to-day the ,resident1 ,mr4 ,cooper1    
promised the chaplain the proceeds of a 
large wager if he gained it1 on         
condition that it should not go to the  
,kashmir ,medical ,mission4 ,yet he     
every other day receives medicines from 
my dispensary4  #bith4-,lithotomy case  
doing well4 ,ninety-nine patients       
present4 ,had a number of surgical      

operations4  ,may #cast1                
#ahff4-,yesterday1 ,i began the         
translation of ,st4 ,john's ,gospel into
 ,kashmiri1 and earnestly pray that ,god
 may grant me the efficient help of ,his
 ,holy ,spirit1 that ,i may be enabled  
to execute this work intelligently4     
,to-day1 there were #acd patients4      
,june #c;d4-,partook of the ,holy       
,communion4 ,jesus is mine1 and ,i am   
,his6  #dth4-,at this morning's         
reception1 #aej patients were treated4  
,i expected a lithotomy case1 as a poor 
sepoy1 who came yesterday1 was suffering
 much from the disease1 and promised to 
return for operation to-day4 ,he did not
 come1 so ,i sent my native doctor to   
inquire what had become of him1 and     
ascertained that the ,diwan had         
forbidden him to come to me4 ,no surgery
 is done in the native dispensaries1 so 
the poor fellow must continue to suffer 
from his enemy4  #eth4-,numberless boats
 went up the river to-day1 filled with  
worshippers1 on their way to ,martand4  

,those boats are in form like ,venetian 
gondolas1 on a large scale4 ,they are   
divided into three compartments1 in one 
of which the boatman himself lives with 
his family and assistants2 in the       
second1 or middle compartment1 the      
passengers sleep1 cook their food1 and  
eat it2 and the third division may be   
called the verandah of the floating     
house4 ,those boats are literally       
crowded with human beings1 men1 women1  
children1 all congregated in the height 
of merriment1 and dressed in their      
gayest garments4 ,those who can afford  
it1 hire boats for their private use1   
and in such cases1 the inner compartment
 is carefully enclosed with matting1 so 
as to form a regular zenana4 ,but the   
poorer people are not particular about  
privacy4 ,this festival will continue   
for some days1 during which the people  
take a complete holiday4  ,the number of
 patients to-day was #aci4 ,a ,french   
shawl merchant called on me to-day1 to  
ask me to visit a sick man in the city4 

,mr4 ,wade and ,i went with him1 and    
found the sufferer lying on a mat on the
 floor1 surrounded by friends4 ,on      
examination1 ,i found that he was       
suffering from disease in the left      
lung-consumption4 ,the native doctors   
had bled and purged him4 ,i offered to  
undertake the case2 he said he would    
consult his friends and let me know his 
decision4 ,on returning home1 we met    
,mr4 ,c41 who told me that the          
,maharajah had not yet allotted a site  
for my dispensary6  ,i wrote to ,dr4 ,h4
 at ,lahore to-day about the            
establishment of a ,medical ,missionary 
,bursary in the college there4          
#gth4-,one hundred and ten patients were
 present to-day4 ,lithotomy case is     
quite well4 ,i was grieved to hear this 
evening that the poor man in the city1  
whom ,i went to see1 died two hours     
afterwards4 ,the hakims had heard what  
,i said as to the seat of the disease   
being in the lungs1 and at once applied 
leeches3 the poor fellow sank from loss 

of blood4  #hth4-,one hundred and       
forty-nine patients present4 ,the       
numbers of surgical cases give me       
anxious work4 ,to-day1 ,i removed a     
cystic tumour from the outer angle of   
the right eyelid4 ,performed the        
operation1 by depression1 for cataract1 
for the first time to-day4 ,early this  
morning1 my assistant came to tell me   
that the sepoy1 before mentioned1 had   
obtained leave from the ,maharajah to   
come to me1 and he had been brought to  
my tent on a charpae 7native bed74 ,i   
arranged to operate on him to-morrow    
morning4 ,to-day1 being ,saturday1 ,mr4 
,wade1 our assistants1 and ,i1 sailed to
 the ,dal ,lake1 in order to visit      
,hazrat ,bal1 the scene of last year's  
assault4 ,the temple there is considered
 a peculiarly sacred place1 being the   
shrine of a hair of ,mohammed's beard4  
,it stands at a little distance from the
 shore of the lake2 before it is a      
grassy slope1 which might correspond to 
a village green in ,scotland1 and there 

worshippers annually congregate from all
 parts of the country4 ,behind the      
temple1 and extending to some distance1 
is the straggling village4 ,we walked   
through the bazaars1 intimating a       
reception of the sick1 but the          
remembrance of last year is evidently   
lingering among the people still1 for we
 were told there were no sick there6 ,we
 sailed to the other side of the lake1  
through the lovely floating gardens to  
the ,nishat ,bagh1 where preparations   
are being made for the approaching visit
 of the ,maharajah4 ,it is a beautiful  
place1 its buildings1 gardens1 groves1  
and fountains1 give evidence of an age  
far beyond this era in ,kashmir1 in     
point of art4 ,the architect and        
landscape gardener of the ,nishat ,bagh1
 was ,asaf ,khan1 who lived in the reign
 of the ,mogul ,emperor1 ,shah ,jehan4  
#ajth4-,this morning removed a stone    
from the poor sepoy1 which weighed #c   
oz4 #f drs4  #abth4-,to-day ,i sent a   
subscription-list round the station1 and

 received #ade rupees for the mission4  
,o ,lord1 ,thou art very gracious4      
,bless the mission spiritually also4    
#aeth4-,yesterday his ,highness the     
,maharajah entered the capital1         
accompanied by the ,resident and a      
number of ,europeans4 ,twenty-one guns  
were fired in his honour4  #agth4-,heard
 to-day of the failure of the ,agra     
,bank1 in which ,i had placed my money4 
,the ,lord gave1 and the ,lord hath     
taken away2 blessed be the name of the  
,lord4 ,i fear the mission suffers in   
this failure4 ,i dined to-day1 after a  
pleasant sail to the ,shalimar ,gardens1
 with --1 who has lost #hjjj in the     
,agra ,bank4 ,poor old man1 he is in the
 dark4 ,lord1 give him ,thy light6 ,what
 a good thing it is to have our treasure
 in the ,bank of ,heaven1 where there is
 no stoppage of payment1 but where all  
is sure as ,god ,himself4  ,i requested 
the ,baboo to arrange an interview with 
the ,maharajah for ,mr4 ,wade and me1   
but have received no answer4  ,the ,rev4

 ,mr4 ,brinckman brought me #ch rupees  
to-day for the mission1 being the       
proceeds of four copies of his book1    
',the ,rifle in ,kashmir4' ,he has      
resolved to devote all profits from the 
second edition to the ,medical ,mission 
here4  #bast4-,there were #aeb patients 
present to-day4 ,we were invited1 along 
with all other residents in ,srinagar1  
to a great dinner1 given by the         
,maharajah3 but1 hearing that there was 
to be one of the objectionable 'naches' 
afterwards1 we did not accept the       
invitation4  #bc;d4-,to-day #afc        
patients were treated4  #adth ,july4-,i 
received a letter from ,mr4 ,c41        
informing me that his ,excellency the   
,viceroy of ,india had sent him #bjj    
rupees for the benefit of the ,medical  
,mission in ,kashmir4 ,how ,god is      
reassuring me that ,he will provide6    
#aeth4-,a few days ago a gentleman      
invited me to dine with him4 ,i went4   
,he drew attention to some of the most  
vital truths in ,christianity1 and1 to  

my sorrow1 ,i found him at heart an     
enemy to the cause of ,christ4 ,i thank 
,god ,he enabled me to bear clear       
testimony to my precious ,saviour4      
,during dinner my host informed me that 
the ,maharajah was prepared to give me  
#ajjj rupees a month if ,i would give up
 the missionary element of my work1 and 
enter his service4 ,should such an      
arrangement ever be proposed1 ,god      
helping me1 ,i will not agree to such   
terms1 true though it be that for my    
dear old mother's sake ,i should be glad
 to have a little more money at my      
disposal4 ,to cease to labour for       
,christ for the sake of a few perishable
 rupees would be1 ,judas-like1 to       
forsake and to betray my ,lord2 rather  
far be poor as a beggar than that4  ,i  
suppose this idea has been suggested to 
the ,maharajah by what ,i heard had     
happened in his dispensary a few weeks  
ago4 ,the native doctor being annoyed   
that most of his patients were leaving  
him for the ,mission ,dispensary1 on    

account of the superior surgery1 in an  
evil hour for himself and his patient1  
thought he would try his hand at        
surgery4 ,he proceeded to open a boil in
 the groin of a sepoy2 in doing so he   
cut into the femoral artery1 and his    
unfortunate patient bled to death4 ,i am
 told that the doctor was at once       
dismissed4 ,colonel ,gardiner1 an       
,englishman1 or rather1 ,i believe1 a   
,canadian1 who is in the pay of his     
,highness1 came to ask me to vaccinate  
his little child4 ,he told me the people
 have now the greatest confidence in my 
surgery and medicine1 but that they     
dislike the missionary element in my    
work1 the feature of it which ,i love   
the most4 ,for some ,sabbaths ,i have   
missed my pundit at our little services4
 ,on inquiry to-day ,qadir ,bakhsh told 
me that some men had become aware of his
 attending1 and had threatened to report
 to the native authorities if he did not
 desist1 so my ,nicodemus has drawn     
back4  #bb;d4-,my pundit1 who has been  

deterred from attending our religious   
services1 returned to-day1 much to my   
delight4 ,i think the truth is leavening
 this man's heart1 and that though his  
faith does not as yet prove strong      
enough to make him come out on the      
,lord's side1 it will1 nevertheless1    
suffice to unite him to the             
,fountainhead of ,life4  #bc;d4-,i have 
at last obtained a copy of the ,kashmir 
alphabet1 along with the ,sanscrit      
equivalent4  ,the ,resident informed me 
to-day that the long-promised dispensary
 was ready1 and asked if he could obtain
 anything else that ,i required4 ,i     
wrote in reply that ,i felt most        
grateful for his having got the         
dispensary for me1 and that1 as he      
kindly offered to help me still further1
 ,i ventured to propose that a rude     
hospital might be prepared for the      
accommodation of those patients who come
 from a distance4 ,he received the      
proposal graciously1 and wrote again in 
the evening to say that he had spoken to

 his ,highness about it1 and that he had
 been pleased to grant permission for   
the erection of an additional shed4     
,when ,dr4 ,elmslie went to take        
possession of the building proposed for 
a dispensary1 he found it quite unfit   
for the purpose1 the building being of  
wood so roughly put together as to admit
 rain freely4 ,the second building was  
never erected4  ,srinagar1 ,august #aa1 
#ahff4-;,he writes to his mother3-  444 
,you will be happy to hear that1 in a   
medical point of view1 at least1 my work
 in ,kashmir is prospering4 ,in spite of
 opposition on the part of the local    
authorities1 the work continues to      
progress4 ,a few days ago ,i had as many
 as one hundred and eighty-three        
patients1 and at this moment a          
fine-looking elderly ,mussulman of rank1
 from the east end of the valley1 has   
called to ask my advice4 ,many of my    
patients come from a great distance2 and
 never a day passes without one or two  
surgical operations4 ,the result is1    

that ,i am becoming more and more expert
 in this department4 ,at present three  
men are living in my tent who were      
totally blind1 but now they see4 ,as to 
spiritual fruit1 ,i wish ,i had         
something more definite to say4 ,the    
people listen most attentively to our   
expositions of the divine ,word1 and    
receive our religious books gladly4 ,two
 ,hindoos profess to believe on the     
,lord ,jesus ,christ1 but1 as yet1 lack 
courage to come out2 and until they do  
confess ,him openly1 one cannot feel    
sure of their profession4 ,i long1 above
 all things1 to see souls turning to    
,christ4 ,what honour can be compared to
 that of leading a soul to ,jesus1 the  
,fountain of ,life8 ,you will be grieved
 to hear that the ,kashmir ,medical     
,mission has lost every farthing it     
possessed1 through the failure of the   
,agra ,bank2 but1 against this bit of   
bad news1 we must lay this pleasant     
fact1 that ,sir ,john ,lawrence has sent
 me the donation of #bjj rupees for the 

benefit of the mission4 ,i continue in  
very good health1 although exceedingly  
hard wrought1 having at present1 in     
addition to my regular missionary work1 
that of the doctor of the station1 who  
is now in another part of the valley4   
,remember me kindly to all my ,aberdeen 
friends1-,i never forget them4 ,and give
 my brotherly love to ,stewart1 who is  
now1 ,i hope1 with you1 cheering your   
heart by his presence1 and helping you  
to church on his good1 strong arm4      
#agth4-,i find that the ,maharajah has  
placed sepoys at the different avenues  
leading to my house to prevent the      
people from coming to me4 ,i have also  
heard that the ,diwan has issued an     
order that the pundits are not to       
frequent my dispensary1 but to attend   
the dispensary which the ,maharajah has 
opened for them in the city4 ,the       
pundits held a meeting yesterday1 and   
deputed some of their number to         
represent to the ,diwan that no one was 
ever benefited from going to the native 

dispensary1 but that1 if the ,maharajah 
prohibited them from going to the ,padre
 doctor's1 they were willing to obey4   
,srinagar1 ,kashmir1 #beth ,august      
#ahff4-,,my ,,dear ,,thomson1- 444 ,when
 ,i tell you that ,i have really been   
overwhelmed with work ever since ,i     
entered upon the discharge of my proper 
duties in ,kashmir1 ,i am sure you will 
excuse me1 and rejoice that ,i am so    
engaged4 ,i am greatly indebted to you  
for the notice of the ,kashmir ,medical 
,mission1 which appeared in the         
',medical ,missionary ,journal' you     
kindly sent me4 ,our little friend is   
always a very welcome visitor in this   
far-out-of-the-way corner of the world4 
,the news that the ,medical ,mission    
principle is steadily making progress at
 home delights me much4 ,god grant that 
it may continue to do so1 till every    
mission station in heathendom shall have
 its ,christian ,medical ,missionary4 ,i
 am extremely happy to communicate a    
similar pleasure1 by telling you that in

 this ,indian province1 which our       
heavenly ,father has so highly favoured 
by bestowing on it ,christian rulers1   
medical missions are becoming more and  
more recognised as a powerful adjuvant  
in the evangelisation of the heathen4   
,within the past year several           
applications to the ,punjaub ,medical   
,mission ,society have been made for    
,medical ,missionaries1 or for pecuniary
 assistance1 to enable the applicants to
 apply to the parent society at home for
 men to occupy the existing vacancies4  
,my dear ,thomson1 it makes one's heart 
bleed to think that so few young men are
 willing to devote themselves to this   
glorious work1 and that our societies   
have comparatively so small funds at    
their disposal4 ,oh1 that ,god would    
again raise up such men as the brothers 
,haldane were1 to make a spiritual      
invasion of our universities and schools
 of learning to awaken the sleepy souls 
of our young men to a recognition of    
their duty1 and an appreciation of the  

dignity and blessedness of denying one's
 self in the service of our blessed     
,redeemer4 ,when will men be wise8 ,when
 will they cease to be like the dog in  
the fable1 which lost the substance for 
the shadow8 ,it augurs badly for the    
religious future of our beloved native  
land that such men as ,carlyle and ,mill
 are the ,rectors of two of our four    
universities4 ,it made my heart sad to  
think1 when reading the rectorial       
address of ,mr4 ,carlyle1 that so many  
young plastic1 loving1 and enthusiastic 
hearts were being fed with husks instead
 of the children's bread4 ,earnestness6 
unless it spring from love to ,god and  
man in our divine ,saviour1 ,jesus      
,christ1 is but the quintessence of     
selfishness and of all that we shall    
contemn as most hateful when we get to  
the other side1 and stand before ,god4  
,the man who tells his fellow men to be 
earnest in their worldly pursuits1 is   
doing a superfluous work4 ,the selfish1 
worldly1 sensual1 mammon worshipping1   

,god-hating heart of man1 as it is by   
nature1 does not require to be told-be  
earnest as doctors1 as lawyers1 as      
merchants1 as soldiers1 for the prizes  
are only to the earnest1 and it is the  
prizes that the natural man longs and   
lives for4 ,but man-we1 whoever we      
are-requires to be told to trample with 
an iron heel upon his indigenous        
selfishness and worldliness4 ,he does   
require to be told of the matchless love
 of ,god1 as exhibited in the marvellous
 gift of ,his only begotten and         
well-beloved ,son1 ,jesus ,christ4 ,he  
does require to be told of the endless  
claims that ,god has upon him4 ,we do   
require to be told what is real truth   
and wisdom for us poor frail dying      
mortals4 ,when one thinks of the vast   
power-moral1 intellectual1 and          
religious-being prepared and developed  
within the walls of our universities1   
how unspeakably important that every    
influence for good should be brought to 
bear upon our students4 ,it strikes me  

we have not yet done all we ought to and
 might have done to them4 ,my dear      
,thomson1 can't you discover some way by
 which students may be more impressed1  
and have the claims of ,god and a       
perishing world forced upon their       
notice4 ,in your letter you lament the  
want of men to fill existing vacancies  
in the medical mission field4           
,manifestly we must pray more faithfully
 and importunately to the great ,lord of
 the harvest to send more labourers into
 ,his harvest4 ,why1 if you had men1    
there are at least three openings in the
 ,punjaub alone at the present time4 ,it
 occurs to me that perhaps our heavenly 
,father may be teaching us1 who are     
labouring in the foreign field1 to put  
forth more strenuous efforts to rear as 
quickly as possible a native agency1-a  
native medical mission agency4 ,ever    
since ,i gave missions my serious and   
prayerful consideration1 ,i have been   
convinced that one of the very first    
things a ,christian ,missionary ought to

 direct his attention and energies to1  
is the educating of a band of natives to
 carry on the various departments of    
evangelistic work among their fellow    
countrymen4 ,i left home with this      
conviction1 and now my plan is ready1   
having surveyed what materials lie ready
 to our hands4 ,it is very remarkable   
that at the very time ,i was writing a  
paper1 which ,i intend reading at a     
,missionary ,conference1 to be held in  
,amritsar in ,november next1 ,i should  
have received your letter bearing upon  
the same most important subject4444 ,at 
present it would take me too long to    
give you all the details of my plan4    
,suffice it to say ,i propose having    
after a time1 if possible1 a ,medical   
,missionary stationed at ,lahore1 the   
political capital of the ,punjaub1 where
 there is a very well equipped ,medical 
,college4 ,the ,principal and           
,professors ,i know well4 ,they all take
 a lively interest in our ,medical      
,mission1 and what is more1 one of the  

professors is at present engaged in     
collecting funds to be given as         
scholarships or bursaries to the medical
 mission students4 ,the students are to 
be supplied by the various mission      
stations throughout the province1 and   
from what ,i have heard1 ,i am led to   
believe that there is scarcely a station
 which could not supply at least one    
promising young lad4 ,but1 ,god willing1
 we shall soon see4 ,another point which
 ,i intend bringing before the          
conference1 is the training of native   
midwives1 both for the native           
,christians1 and to act as ,bible women 
among the heathen4 ,i will send you a   
copy of my paper1 and shall be happy to 
receive any hints which may occur to you
 after perusal4 ,dr4 ,young will get a  
warm welcome from us on his arrival4    
,may ,god bless him in himself and to   
,india4 ,recruits6-the very name cheers 
and encourages one1-send more-send all  
you can4 ,love is unconquerable-the     
,christian's love4 ,o ,god1 fill us with

 love-fill us with ,thyself1 for ,thou  
art ,love4 ,fight1 and toil on1 my dear 
,thomson1 hopefully1 faithfully1        
joyfully1 and lovingly too4 ,we shall   
win the day1 and follow ,gentle to the  
other side-to the better land1 to be for
 ever with our adorable and most        
precious ,saviour4444  ,to his friend1  
,mrs4 ,cleghorn1 he writes3-,srinagar1  
,sept4 #e1 #ahff4-444 ,i have had my own
 difficulties since arriving in         
,srinagar in carrying on my work4 ,they 
would not let the bungalow ,i occupied  
last year4 ,i was obliged1 in           
consequence1 to go to a distance from   
the city1 and was very much afraid that 
this would materially interfere with the
 poor sick people coming to me4 ,but no1
 ,i expect there will be but few short  
of double the number of patients we had 
last year4 ,we have had more quiet      
discussion this year than last4 ,many   
copies of the ,gospels have been sought1
 and gladly received4 ,as to my pundit1 
he is still with me4 ,his spirit is like

 that of a ,christian1 but he has not   
yet had the courage to declare himself  
on the ,lord's side4 ,it is only the    
fear of the consequences of such a      
decided step that deters him from making
 a public profession of ,christianity4  
,the ,rajah of ,chamba has just made the
 handsome offer of #bjj rupees a month1 
a free house1 dispensary1 and hospital  
buildings1 with current expenses1 to the
 ,punjaub ,medical ,mission ,committee1 
to induce them to begin a medical       
mission in his ,highness's territory1   
similar to that in ,kashmir4 ,this offer
 ought to make our hearts rejoice4 ,the 
committee are thinking of sending me to 
,chamba during the ensuing cold season1 
and during my compulsory absence from   
,kashmir1 to initiate the work while the
 ,rajah is favourable4 ,let us1 with all
 our hearts1 return thanks to ,god for  
this great opening4  ,srinagar1 #ajth   
,october1 #ahff4-,,my ,,ever ,,dear     
,,mother1-,i was delighted to hear how  
much you had enjoyed your stay at       

,ballater4 ,i wish ,i could have been   
with you1 to behold once more the       
beautiful scenery around our ,queen's   
,scotch home1 but ,i look forward to    
having that pleasure1 after three years 
more of work in this land of my         
adoption4  ,another season has passed   
away4 ,much has been done this year in  
,kashmir1 to commend ,christ1 our divine
 and precious1 precious ,saviour1 to its
 ignorant and bigoted inhabitants4 ,but 
the ground is very dry and thirsty1 and 
although apparently the seed which has  
fallen has been very abundant1          
nevertheless it has sunk without        
producing any apparent spiritual        
verdure4 ,yet although this seems to be 
the case1 ,god's own word will not      
return unto ,him void4 ,he will make it 
accomplish that whereto ,he sent it4    
,this season my health and spirits have 
kept up well1 although ,i have had not a
 few things to trouble me1 and make me  
anxious at times4 ,there has been and   
is1 deep1 deep down below the ruffling  

on the surface1 such a serene and       
delightful calm1 springing from faith in
 my beloved ,saviour1 and partly        
perhaps1 from being devoted entirely to 
,his exalted and holy service1 that ,i  
enjoy in my heart of hearts much of that
 peace and joy of which a world1 out of 
,christ1 knows nothing4 ,the devil has  
been tempting me much this past season4 
,you know that ,india is in many        
respects an excellent field for a good  
doctor4 ,he is sure to have a large     
income very soon if he acquire a good   
name by his professional skill4 ,during 
this season through the blessing of ,god
 ,i have been remarkably successful in  
one or two cases4 ,the result has been  
that the ,maharajah1 at the instigation 
of the ,british ,resident1 has made me  
an offer of #ajj a month1 if ,i will    
enter his service4 ,this of itself was  
not to be condemned1 but it was         
stipulated that ,i was on no account to 
make any effort to spread the knowledge 
of ,christ among his people1-that is to 

say1 ,i was to forsake my ,saviour's    
service1 and enter the ,maharajah's4 ,ah
 dearest mother1 although we would      
perhaps be the better of a little more  
money1 #cjj a year with ,jesus1 is      
better1 ten thousandfold1 than #a1bjj   
without ,him4 ,it gladdens my heart to  
be able to give up some worldly         
advantage for ,christ's sake4 ,oh what  
is money1 or worldly glory1 and a       
passing name1 when all here below is    
transient1 and unsatisfying1 and ,god1  
and ,jesus1 and heaven1 with all its    
indescribable felicities and glories1   
alone are stable1 eternal1 and          
satisfying4-,your loving son1 ,,willie4 
,referring to the same subject in a     
letter to the ,rev4 ,mr4 ,mallett1 of   
date #aath ,may #ahff1 he writes1 ,the  
,rajah is prepared to give me the       
princely sum of #ajjj rupees per month2 
but what are the conditions8 ,to enter  
his service and give up speaking for    
,jesus4 ,heavy conditions2 too heavy for
 me4 ,my dear ,mallett1 ,jesus1 blessed 

be ,his name1 is too precious to me     
personally to be sold for a thousand    
pieces of silver4 ,ah1 ,mallett1 there  
is of a truth that which overcomes the  
world-our faith1 and blessed be ,god1   
,he has given us some of it4 ,doubtless 
we should not be sorry to have a little 
more money2 but heaven is ours1 and our 
,father's promise is better than the    
,rajah's cash down4     ,,chapter ,,xi4 
,,work ,,in ,,chamba4   ,after leaving  
,srinagar1 ,dr4 ,elmslie came down to   
,amritsar1 but instead of re-opening his
 dispensary1 the ,committee of the      
,punjaub ,medical ,missionary ,society  
deemed it proper to send him up to      
,chamba1 of which the reader has already
 heard1 to carry on mission work there  
during the cold season4 ,he thus writes 
from ,amritsar to his mother3-  #agth   
,november1 #ahff4-;,,ever ,,dearest     
,,mother1-,i hope long ere this reaches1
 you may have received some of the      
letters which ,i wrote to you from      
,kashmir4 ,i cannot tell you how grieved

 ,i am to learn you have been so long   
without hearing from me4 ,i wrote to you
 regularly1 but1 as many of my other    
letters have also gone astray1 ,i       
strongly suspect that the native        
officials have seized on them to        
discover what ,i say of ,government     
matters to my friends4 ,your having     
received so few during the past season  
confirms my suspicions in this matter4  
,you must not be anxious in future4 ,i  
shall continue to write regularly1 and  
you may be sure if there were anything  
wrong some of my friends here would let 
you know4 ,i am brimful of health       
through the goodness of ,god4 ,my heart 
is brimful of joy1 my faith in our      
precious1 precious ,saviour is getting  
gradually stronger and stronger1 and ,i 
delight more and more in ,his honourable
 service4 ,i have just reached          
,amritsar4 ,if you have a map at hand   
you will readily ascertain the route ,i 
took in this journey from ,kashmir4 ,in 
the north-west corner of the map of     

,india you will1 by careful inspection1 
discover the position of the following  
places3 ,baramula1 ,uri1 ,poonch1       
,bimbhar1 and ,amritsar4 ,this was      
almost all fresh ground to me4 ,we had  
to cross a mountain pass about nine     
thousand feet above the level of the    
sea1 twice the height of your famous    
,lochnagar1 and with the exception of my
 catching a very bad cold1 everything   
went well4 ,we followed the same old    
plan of holding receptions at each of   
the villages and towns where we rested  
on our march1 for the purpose of doing  
some good in a medical point of view1   
and also1 and chiefly1 to scatter a few 
of the precious seeds of the life-giving
 ,gospel by the way1 in the sure hope of
 its springing up at some future time1  
and bearing fruit to the praise of ,god4
 ,the people everywhere received us     
gladly1 took our medicine and medical   
advices thankfully1 and listened        
patiently to our news of the ,gospel4   
,those who could read received parts of 

the ,new ,testament and tracts4 ,pray1  
dearest mother1 to our heavenly ,father 
for ,his rich blessing on the labours of
 your loving son4 ,we are most powerful 
when most prayerful4 ,i am now drawing  
up an account of the ,kashmir ,medical  
,mission during the past year1 and      
writing a lot of letters in reply to a  
heap which had accumulated for me during
 my march4  ,amritsar1 #agth ,november1 
#ahff4-,,my ,,dear ,,thomson1 444 ,i    
heard delightful news the other day-news
 which will assuredly gladden your      
heart4 ,mr4 ,rudolph1 one of the        
,american missionaries stationed at     
,loodiana1 the ,punjaub1 told me that   
some months ago two ,kashmiris came to  
him desiring to receive instruction     
respecting ,christianity4 ,they said    
they were ,mussulman priests1 that one  
of them had heard the ,gospel for the   
first time in his life1 at the ,medical 
,mission ,dispensary1 ,srinagar 7during 
its first season71 that what he had then
 heard had taken such a hold of him1    

that he felt an insatiable thirst for   
more knowledge about this new way of    
life1 that as it was fraught with very  
considerable danger to be an inquirer   
after ,christianity in ,kashmir1 he had 
resolved to find his way to the plains  
of the ,punjaub1 where he could with    
safety satisfy his thirst4 ,before      
setting out on his pilgrimage he        
prevailed on another of the priestly    
order to accompany him4 ,they both      
reached ,loodiana1 were introduced to   
,mr4 ,rudolph1 and he who had heard of  
salvation through a crucified ,redeemer1
 at the ,medical ,mission ,dispensary in
 ,srinagar1 was baptized after receiving
 sufficient instruction from ,mr4       
,rudolph4 ,he is now a most zealous and 
consistent ,christian4 ,his companion1  
too1 is making progress in ,divine      
things4 ,mr4 ,rudolph expects he will be
 baptized very soon4 ,here is some fruit
 already-never dying fruit4 ,i cannot   
tell you1 my dear friend1 how brimful of
 joy my heart is1 and how thankful to   

,god too1 for this great blessing4 ,i   
feel now doubly strong1 doubly hopeful1 
and doubly willing to labour on         
ministering to these wicked1 dirty1 and 
despised1 ,kashmiris4 ,this is the      
,lord's doing4 ,let us wait on ,him1 let
 us wait patiently on ,him4 ,may not the
 prayers offered up by the friends of   
medical missions at your last winter's  
meeting have had something to do with   
this8 ,we shall know some day when we   
get to the other side4  ,this morning1  
7the #aith71 ,i received your paper on  
the ,status of native medical mission   
agents4 ,i do not mean to say anything  
on the subject just now1 but will do so1
 soon after our conference1 which is to 
be held next week1 ,god willing4 ,very  
many thanks for sending it4 ,the subject
 will be discussed at the conference4 ,i
 hope to send a full account of our     
proceedings1 so far as medical missions 
are concerned4  ,amritsar1 #c;d         
,december1 #ahff4-;,,ever ,,dearest     
,,mother1-,this very evening ,i set off 

for ,chamba1 my new sphere of labour for
 the next four months4 ,in a former     
letter ,i told you about the ,rajah's   
invitations1 and about the mission ,i am
 about to inaugurate4 ,it is apparently 
an interesting field of labour4444  ,on 
reaching ,chamba1 ,dr4 ,elmslie wrote as
 follows3-  ,chamba1 among the          
,himalayas1 #c;d ,july1 #ahfg4-,,my     
,,dear ,,thomson1-,you will see1 from   
the heading of this letter1 that ,i     
write from ,chamba1 which ,god in ,his  
providence has opened to ,medical       
,missions4 ,it is situated to the       
south-east of ,kashmir1 and to the north
 of the ,punjaub4 ,chamba forms a       
country1 through the midst of which one 
of the five rivers of the ,punjaub-hence
 the name ,punjaub-flows4 ,the ,rvi is  
the name of the river4 ,the whole valley
 is surrounded by lofty mountains-the   
genuine ,himalayas-whose peaks are at   
present covered with snow4 ,up to this  
time1 no snow has fallen in the valley4 
,the winter is temperate1 and very much 

what ,i suppose the best parts of the   
,south of ,england are4 ,i learn the    
people of the valley enjoy excellent    
health as a rule4 ,aguish fevers prevail
 to some extent1 with spleen            
complications4 ,bronchocele 7goitre7 is 
exceedingly common among both men and   
women-as much amongst the former as the 
latter4 ,on entering the valley1 the    
other day1 ,i was particularly struck   
with the joyful and happy appearance of 
the people4 ,as they went along1 they   
kept cheering themselves with songs4    
,this is an agreeable contrast to the   
inhabitants of ,kashmir1 who1 poor      
people1 have had the song knocked out of
 them by iron-handed tyranny4  ,the     
population of the valley is #aja1ffd1   
and that of the city of ,chamba1 the    
capital1 #fjjj4 ,the medical missionary1
 therefore1 will not have very heavy    
work4 ,but now let me tell you how it   
was that an application was made for a  
medical missionary for ,chamba4  ,last  
hot season1 much to the joy of the      

,rajah1 one of the ,ranees1 or regal    
wives1 gave birth to a fine boy4 ,both  
mother and child went on well for some  
time1 but by-and-bye the little one     
sickened and died4 ,the grief of the    
,rajah was unbounded1 and he had the    
idea that if he had possessed ,european 
medical skill his infant son would have 
been spared to him4 ,shortly after this 
heavy bereavement1 the mother of the    
deceased child1 who was the favourite   
,ranee1 also fell sick and died4 ,the   
,rajah now besought his ,superintendent1
 who is the ,british representative at  
his court1 to procure for him a         
,european medical man from the supreme  
,government1 and that he would give #aj 
a month1 house1 dispensary1 hospital1   
and all current expenses towards the    
defrayment of the doctor's salary1 c4   
,the ,rajah was told the ,government    
could not supply him with a doctor1 as  
they were greatly in want of doctors    
themselves4 ,by the advice of the       
superintendent1 who is a ,christian man1

 the ,rajah now increased the #aj a     
month to #bj1 and urged the ,punjaub    
,medical ,mission ,society to undertake 
to supply ,chamba with a medical        
missionary4 ,about this time another son
 of the ,rajah's died1 and he became    
still more importunate4 ,various        
communications were sent home to get a  
man for the station1 and so important   
did the ,punjaub ,medical ,mission      
,society consider this opening1 that    
they agreed to allow me to spend the    
cold season in ,chamba1 instead of      
,amritsar4  ,this ,chamba arrangement is
 important1 and deserves consideration4 
,the principle that underlies it is     
familiar to us1 cases involving it      
having frequently passed under our      
notice4 ,planters in ,northern ,india1  
merchants in ,south ,america1 and others
 located in out-of-the-way places1 who  
know that no skilful physician1 who     
proposes to make money by his           
profession1 would ever look near them1  
catch at the idea of a medical          

missionary1 because they think they may 
get a first-rate doctor at a moderate   
cost4 ,they obligingly seek to turn our 
self-sacrifice to their own profit4 ,dr4
 ,elmslie does not seem1 at first1 to   
have realised the bearings of such an   
arrangement1 for he wrote quite         
jubilantly about it1 and with a         
hopefulness which events did not        
justify2 but soon he grasped the        
principle in its full significance1 and 
spoke and wrote against it earnestly4   
,in a letter to ,mrs4 ,burns ,thomson1  
he says3-  ,mr4 --1 of --1 wishes the   
medical missionary to be considered as  
the servant of the ,rajah1-a grand      
mistake1 as you can easily see4 ,such an
 arrangement would be sure to have a    
prejudicial influence on the medical    
missionary's work4 ,i hold1 and ,i hold 
it firmly1 that the earthly master of no
 medical missionary should be a         
heathen-a professed heathen-however     
favourable to ,christianity he may      
appear to be4 ,i must tell you that the 

native princes of ,india1 from their    
seeing how pleased the ,british         
,government at present is with the      
establishment of medical dispensaries in
 native states1 are very anxious to gain
 the favour of ,government in this easy 
and cheap way4 ,it stands to reason1 my 
dear ,mrs4 ,b4 ,t41 if a medical        
missionary receive his wages from a     
heathen prince1 that the credit of the  
missionary's labours goes to heathenism1
 and not to ,christianity4 ,if a heathen
 prince approves of medical missions for
 the physical good that they bring to   
his people1 and wishes to have such a   
mission established in his state1 let   
him contribute to the common funds of   
some ,missionary ,society who will be   
prepared to send a medical missionary to
 that particular state to labour as     
their 7the ,society's7 agent4 ,the      
,punjaub ,medical ,missionary ,society  
is ever ready to entertain such cases4  
,but an arrangement like this does not  
suit these praise-seeking natives4 ,they

 must have agents of their own2 heathens
 must have ,christian agents to convert 
their people666 ,no1 the native princes 
know right well that as soon as a       
,christian man enters their service1 his
 ,christian influence is in a great     
measure nullified4 ,let me remind you   
that the history of ,christian missions 
verifies this statement4 ,our medical   
missionaries1 therefore1 must not be the
 servants of heathens1 but must labour  
independently1 or in connection with    
some missionary society4  ,there is     
another aspect of this principle4 ,for  
example1 a dozen planters subscribe1 say
 #aj each1 towards the funds of a       
missionary society2 and they pledge     
themselves to contribute that sum       
annually on condition that the medical  
missionary shall be bound to attend     
professionally on themselves and their  
families4 ,now to this arrangement1     
writes ,dr4 ,elmslie1 ,i strongly       
object1 for several reasons4 ,it is very
 evident1 from the nature of this       

condition1 that these planters are      
trying to drive a bargain for their own 
advantage4 ,in fact1 they wish a        
,european doctor1 and1 moreover1 they   
wish him cheap4 ,you must also know that
 these planters are in all probability  
scattered over a large area1 and that to
 attend them and their families would be
 very likely to eat up the lion's share 
of the medical missionary's time and    
energies4 ,now this brings me to another
 axiom in medical missions abroad4 ,the 
medical missionary should not be bound  
to attend a single ,european 7save his  
brethren in the mission74 ,medical      
missionaries sent out under the auspices
 of missionary societies are intended   
for the natives of the countries to     
which they are sent4 ,in such countries 
as ,india and ,china1 our fellow        
countrymen can easily obtain the        
services of medical men if they are only
 willing to remunerate them             
sufficiently4 ,they have only to write  
home to ,scotland or ,england for a     

medical man1 mentioning his salary1     
which must1 of course1 be proportionate 
to their own large incomes4 ,it makes   
one angry to see our countrymen taking  
advantage of a charitable work like     
medical missions to save their own      
pockets4 ,i hold1 therefore1 that our   
medical missionaries should not be bound
 to attend professionally on any        
,europeans4 ,moreover1 medical          
missionaries1 as long as they are       
servants of any missionary society1     
should not be allowed to give themselves
 out for this sort of practice4 ,such   
practice may fill their purses1 but it  
will and must impair their usefulness   
among the natives of the country to     
which they have been sent4 ,a medical   
missionary's time and energies are      
limited2 he should husband them1        
therefore1 with extreme care4 ,if he has
 any spare time after his labours       
amongst the natives1 let him rest1 or   
engage in some study bearing on his     
work4  ,the ,chamba arrangement was     

about as hopeful a measure of this      
nature as can well be imagined1 but it  
did not work well4 ,the ,rajah gave a   
very honourable equivalent for the      
modicum of professional service he asked
 in return2 and the ,punjaub ,medical   
,missionary ,society1 one would suppose1
 secured in articles #e and #f of the   
,rajah's ,administrative ,order1 the    
independence of their agent1 and perfect
 freedom for him in the prosecution of  
missionary work4 ,these articles run    
thus3-  #e4 ,the ,chamba medical        
missionary shall have full liberty to   
prosecute the calling of a ,christian   
missionary1 in the same way as he would 
be allowed to do1 were he employed in   
any of the provinces of ,india which are
 under the immediate administration of  
the ,british ,government4  #f4 ,the     
medical missionary shall be bound1 on my
 demand1 to render to me1 and to my     
immediate relatives1 due professional   
attendance2 but beyond this ,i will not 
interfere in the way in which he may see

 fit to carry on his medical duties in  
,chamba4  ,what could be more explicit8 
,and yet1 ,dr4 ,elmslie soon found      
himself involved in a complicated and   
unpleasant correspondence regarding     
these very rights4  ,chamba1 #c;d       
,january1 #ahfg4-,,to ,,dr4             
,,cleghorn4-,the dispensary is now open1
 and patients are treated daily4        
,medical missionary dispensaries should 
be open daily4 ,some are not1 ,i am     
greatly astonished at this4 ,i fear     
practice amongst ,europeans has         
something to do with this4 ,we medical  
missionaries need constantly to remember
 we did not leave home to be doctors to 
our own countrymen1 who can in most     
cases be attended by other medical men1 
but we left home to labour among the    
perishing heathen1 that by the blessing 
of ,god on our medical labours we may   
lead these same perishing heathen to the
 truth as it is in ,jesus4  ,about a    
month after1 to the same friend he says1
 ,within the last four weeks we have had

 four cases of lithotomy1 one of which  
is well1 and has left for his own home2 
the other three are progressing         
favourably4 ,i am of opinion stone is   
extremely common in ,chamba1 goitre too 
is met with by the hundred4 ,the        
biniodide of mercury rubbed in locally1 
and exhibited internally in the form of 
pill at the same time1 works wonders4   
,this medicine is far more effectual    
than iodine alone4  ,,to ,,his          
,,brother4-,chamba1 #b;d ,january1      
#ahfg4-;,,dearest ,,stewart1-,i am      
delighted to hear you are once more at  
home beside our dear mother1 whom it is 
our delightful duty and privilege to    
cherish and comfort4444 ,i know nothing 
will please her so much as to see you   
give evidence of being a lover of       
,jesus4  ,i am not going to preach to   
you1 dear ,stewart-,dr4 ,davidson will  
do that with all the love and skill for 
which we honour him1 but there is one   
question which ,i wish affectionately to
 ask you4 ,it is this1 ',what think ye  

of ,christ8' ,oh1 love ,him1 dear       
,stewart1 and serve ,him with all your  
heart1 with all your might and main4    
,may ,god who has done so much for us in
 the past greatly bless you1 and guide  
you1 and enlighten you1 and fit you for 
glory4 ,may the sunshine of a ,father's 
reconciled countenance ever rest on     
you6-,your loving brother1 ,,william4   
,chamba1 #aith ,january1                
#ahfg4-;,,dearest ,,mother1-,you do not 
tell me enough of yourself4 ,let me     
share all your trials as well as your   
pleasures4 ,i think ,i can sympathise4  
,the more we know of the great          
,sympathiser the better we can feel with
 others2 the more we know of the great  
heart of ,god overflowing with          
unquenchable love1 the more our hearts  
are enlarged1 and enabled to weep with  
those who weep1 and to rejoice with     
those who rejoice4 ,i trust you really  
do bask in the sunshine of a reconciled 
,father's love and grace4 ,jesus was    
never so dear to me as ,he is now4 ,oh  

how manifold are ,his loving kindnesses 
to me6 ,bless the ,lord1 ,o my soul4  ,i
 have now got the ,medical ,mission     
,dispensary in full working order here4 
,we had a large attendance to-day1 and  
,i addressed them in ,urdu4 ,they       
listened attentively to all ,i said     
about the unsearchable riches of        
,christ1 and ,i do so enjoy speaking to 
them about ,him4 ,one here and another  
there in the crowd heard the good news  
with apparent joy4  ,,to ,c4 ,j4        
,,rodgers1 ,,esq4-,chamba1 ,february    
#c;d1 #ahfg4-,so you have got a clock to
 preach to you6 ,you could not have a   
better monitor1 for who can look at a   
clock and hear its tempus fugit         
tick-tack without being reminded of the 
shortness of this life1 and of the near 
eternity with all its dread verities4   
,one life6 only one have we4 ,how short 
that life on earth6 ,so much to be done1
 and so little time to do it4  ,chamba1 
#eth ,february1 #ahfg4-,,my ,,dear      
,,mallett4444 ,we do indeed enjoy       

innumerable precious opportunities of   
speaking for ,jesus our adorable        
,redeemer4 ,blessed be ,god there is no 
lack of such privileges4 ,i don't know  
how it goes with you1 dear ,mallett1 but
 as for myself1 ,i have frequently sad  
cause to mourn over the misimprovement  
of these most invaluable opportunities4 
,it is so very difficult to be always   
earnest1 always watchful1 always full of
 ,jesus1 always looking far ahead into  
that awful eternity1 to which time is   
hurrying us along with such lightning   
speed4 ,oh what an endless journey of   
improvement lies before us4 ,my dear    
,m41 if we are ever to be like our      
beloved ,saviour1 we must be much in    
,his transforming company4 ,we must meet
 ,him at the 'trysting' place of ,his   
throne of grace4 ,we must study ,his    
holy ,word more humbly1 teachably1 and  
prayerfully1 and we must realise that we
 possess an ever present ,saviour1 for1 
',lo6 ,i am with you alway1 even unto   
the end of the world4' ,pray for me1 my 

dear ,m41 that ,i may attain to this    
more and more4 ,i will not forget you4  
,we can help each other mightily4       
,written in apology after a discussion  
with --4  ,chamba1 ,february #gth1      
#ahfg4-,,my ,,dear1-,i am extremely     
sorry about our discussion on ,monday   
last1 because ,i readily confess that ,i
 am not at all satisfied with the part  
,i played in it4 ,to be told in the heat
 of debate that one is talking in utter 
ignorance of the subject1 is rather     
trying4 ,that ,i did not take this      
meekly or quietly1 ,i am now very sorry2
 our ,divine ,master would certainly    
have acted thus2 but ,i have much still 
to learn of the mind that was in ,jesus4
 ,let me say that1 as the intention to  
cause another pain is as far distant    
from me as the north is from the south1 
,i fully and heartily apologise to you  
for anything ,i may have said which gave
 you pain4-,yours1 very sincerely1 ,w4  
,j4 ,,elmslie4  ,,to ,,his              
,,mother4-#aith ,february1 #ahfg4-,the  

,lord ,himself make your soul a very    
garden in which ,he delights to dwell1  
so that you may be truly joyful6 ,there 
is nothing like spiritual comfort4      
,there is nothing like a well-grounded  
faith in ,christ1 ,god's own dear ,son1 
our precious1 precious ,saviour4 ,this  
is great riches4 ,i hope you are basking
 in the glorious sunshine of ,his       
matchless love and favour1 which are    
unquestionably better than life4 ,but --
 has not yet found the ,saviour4 ,this  
is an awful thought1 and one which has  
for some time caused me much anxiety4   
,what a thought for us1 that we may be  
with ,christ in glory1 but find no --   
there4 ,we must pray1 mother4 ,the time 
may be short with all of us4  ,in about 
six weeks from this date1 ,i shall1 ,god
 willing1 be quitting ,chamba for       
,kashmir4 ,how thankful we ought to be  
that ,god in ,his all-good providence   
has cast my lot in a region so          
lovely4444 ,in my soul there is         
perpetual sunshine4 ,i have sins and    

temptations to battle against1 both in  
my heart and in the outer world1 but    
with ,christ we are more than conquerors
 over all these4  ,the ,rajah is most   
favourably disposed towards the mission1
 so that my stay here has been extremely
 pleasant1 although not free from       
difficulty4 ,i have had some of the most
 serious operations to perform1 and     
,god1 up to this time1 has made all     
things go well with me in this respect4 
,two men1 who have been attending the   
dispensary for some time1 called on me  
to-day privately1 to speak about the    
wonderful story of the cross4 ,i have   
great hope of them4  ,we dined to-day   
with the new ,resident1 to bid ,mr4 ,w4 
good-bye4 ,the ,rajah was present at    
table1 but did not eat with us1 being   
still a ,hindu4  ,chamba1 #bith ,march1 
#ahfg4-,,my ,,dear ,,mrs4               
,,thomson1-,the reception of your and   
the doctor's letters was to me indeed a 
'feast and a fine day4' ,it is always   
most cheering to the child of ,god to   

know that his brothers and sisters in   
,christ are holding up his hands by     
their prayers4  ,speaking of the        
self-denial involved in the procedure of
 the friend addressed1 he continues3-   
,it is a glorious thing1 although       
tremendously difficult to the flesh1 to 
make sacrifices for our adorable        
,redeemer's sake4 ,nevertheless1 if we  
are ,christ's1 we must deny ourselves   
and take up our cross and follow ,him4  
,it strikes me that it is just more of  
this self-denying and this up-taking of 
the cross that the world needs4 ,it is  
undeniable that our own beloved         
,scotland is rapidly and generally      
becoming unbelieving and worldly4444    
,oh that the young and rising sons of   
,scotland could be aroused4 ,oh that    
they could be freed from the galling    
chains of worldliness and money-worship1
 and could be made to believe that      
really to live for ,god and not for     
self-really to live for the good of our 
fellow-men1 with the eye of faith and   

hope fixed upon the sublime and awful   
verities of an unseen1 but coming world1
 is verily the perennial source of man's
 greatest happiness and glory4 ,i am    
glad the doctor is trying to awake the  
sleepers4 ,stir him up to this work4 ,it
 is with the young whose hearts have not
 yet become like baked bricks1 that our 
hope is4444  ,i cannot tell you how     
grieved we all are here that no man has 
yet been found for ,chamba4 ,on the #ast
 ,april ,i leave ,chamba for ,kashmir4  
,there is nobody to take my place4 ,it  
is very sad to think that if the world  
had made the call1 and offered a large  
salary1 c41 instead of not having one   
applicant1 we should have had perhaps a 
score4 ,ah1 dear friend1 this is        
certainly not as it ought to be4 ,as ,i 
told you in my former letter1 this is a 
most favourable and promising field for 
medical missions4 ,i have spent an      
extremely pleasant winter in this       
lovely-physically lovely-valley4 ,god   
has greatly blessed our medical and     

surgical work1 and ,i am not without the
 hope that at least another star will be
 added to my crown from this winter's   
labours4 ,a ,brahmin1 who has attended  
the ,medical ,missionary ,dispensary for
 some six weeks1 has manifested a       
delightful spirit of inquiry2 and both  
,mr4 ,ferguson and myself entertain the 
hope that this man1 through the help of 
,god's enlightening and converting      
spirit1 may soon declare himself on the 
side of ,christ4     ,,chapter ,,xii4   
,,third ,,year',s ,,work ,,in ,,kashmir4
   ,again ,dr4 ,elmslie strikes his     
tent1 and leaving ,chamba1 starts for   
another campaign in ,kashmir4 ,these    
constant changes are very trying4 ,his  
first letter en route is dated          
,goojerat1 #agth ,april #ahfg4-,,my     
,,ever ,,dearest ,,mother1-,i am now on 
my way to ,kashmir1 and am hopeful that 
the season may be a blessed and         
prosperous one4 ,i am sure ,i am        
followed by earnest prayers for my      
success as a winner of souls to our     

blessed ,saviour4 ,this only is worth   
living for4  ,journal1 #ahth4-,left     
,goojerat early in the morning along    
with the ,rev4 ,r4 ,paterson4 ,after    
resting a little while on our arrival at
 ,bimbhar1 we went together into the    
city4 ,passing along the bazaar ,i saw  
several cases of disease1 and as ,i     
stopped to examine one or two of them we
 were soon surrounded by a little crowd4
 ,one man in the throng was very earnest
 and importunate that we should go and  
see a female relative1 who1 he said1 was
 very ill4 ,we went1 and1 as a good many
 people were gathered near the house1 ,i
 asked ,mr4 ,p4 to address them4 ,this  
he did1 and they seemed interested4 ,we 
were importuned to go and see another   
case of illness4 ,there is no lack of   
opportunity everywhere4 ,oh1 ,god1 bless
 the seed sown for ,thine own name's    
sake6 ,about a dozen sick people were   
waiting our return1 but1 as the daylight
 was almost gone1 ,i was obliged to     
dismiss the little company1 with the    

request that they would return next     
morning4  #aith4-,mr4 ,p4 left me and   
returned to ,goojerat4 ,the patients    
returned this morning1 and were treated4
 ,on the way from ,bimbhar to ,saidabad 
,i met a number of camels laden with    
salt1 on their way to ,kashmir4 ,read   
,arnold's life on the journey4 ,admire  
the man4  #bast4-,sunday4-,i am resting 
in this picturesque village1 ,nowshera1 
to-day1 having arrived yesterday        
evening1 after a good ride from         
,saidabad4 ,i held a reception of the   
sick1 and my assistant1 ,thomas1        
addressed them in a very simple1 earnest
 way4 ,after this ,i held service with  
the servants1 and in the afternoon went 
into the little town1 where ,i saw an   
old dilapidated serai1 which is said to 
have been built by the ,mogul emperor1  
,shah ,jehan4 ,on the roof of this      
ruinous building a trial for theft was  
being carried on4 ,in the evening had a 
second reception for the sick4 ,treated 
in all #he patients to-day4             

#bb;d4-,started from ,nowshera at #f4cj2
 reached ,chungas ,serai about #a ,p4,m4
 ,the road good4 ,captain -- is here1   
and we dined together4 ,after a struggle
 with myself ,i summoned courage to ask 
a blessing aloud4 ,what a religious     
coward ,i sometimes am6                 
#bc;d4-,rajaori4-,twenty-five sick      
people here4 ,addressed them on ,john   
iii4 #af4 ,jesus ,christ is the only    
balm for a sinner's wounds4 ,nothing but
 ,jesus will do4 ,the people's interest 
increased as ,i went on1 and they       
gathered more closely round me to hear  
better4 ,one man said that the prophets 
were good and holy1 and had interest in 
heaven to procure us blessings1         
especially salvation4 ,i answered that  
their own testimony was that they were  
themselves sinners1 and therefore needed
 a ,saviour to atone for their sin4 ,no 
one could save us without bearing the   
penalty due1 even death4 ,oh1 that ,god 
may bless ,his own ,word for ,his own   
glory6  #bdth4-,dhanna4-,how glad ,i am 

that ,i had an opportunity of bearing   
medical testimony in favour of total    
abstinence in presence of ,captain --6  
,it may be helpful to him4 ,we had a    
large gathering of sick people to-day4  
#beth4-,after proceeding for a short    
time along the ,pir ,panjal route1 ,i   
turned to the left and began the ascent 
of the ,ratan ,pir1 which is by no means
 easy4 ,the descent is particularly     
rough1 and my boxes were a good deal    
damaged by to-day's journey4 ,this      
place-,surim-is not a town1 but only a  
number of houses scattered on the       
hillside4  #bhth4-,kahuta1 ,sunday4-,we 
have had two receptions here1 and a     
large number of sick people attended4   
,the little son of a distant ,nawab was 
brought to me by a servant4 ,the little 
fellow was suffering from partial       
paralysis of the lower extremities1     
caused by bathing in cold water when in 
a state of perspiration4                
#bith4-,through the snow to-day1 and    
across the ,haji ,pir1 #gjjj feet above 

sea level4-,hyderabad4  #cjth4-,uri4-,a 
most beautiful march from ,hyderabad4   
,passed a lovely waterfall on the right 
hand of the stream along which we       
marched4 ,its height is about #ej feet4 
,the mountains have their summits       
crowned with snow2 soft1 white clouds   
nestle in their bosoms or float down    
their rugged cliffs4 ,the firs wear     
their beautiful fresh green1 and the    
other trees present a variety of lovely 
blossoms2 the flowers1 the birds1 the   
ever-changing face of the landscape1 all
 lighted up by the glorious sun6 ,who   
can behold such scenes without lifting  
up the heart in thankfulness to ,him who
 has clothed ,his earth with such beauty
 and grandeur8 ,i visited the           
dilapidated-looking fort which guards   
the road near ,uri4 ,it boasts of one   
brass gun of #aj lbs4 and four iron ones
 of smaller calibre4 ,the ,nawab whom ,i
 here treated two years before came to  
see me1 and stayed to the address given 
to the sick4 ,he listened attentively   

while ,i spoke on ',the wages of sin is 
death1' and he answered questions       
intelligently4 ,may the ,spirit of ,life
 quicken him6  ,nowshera1 ,may          
#ast4-,left ,uri at #f4ae1 and arrived  
here at #aa4de4 ,march a long one1 but  
the scenery very lovely and grand4 ,i   
intimated my readiness to receive the   
sick from the neighbouring houses1 but  
the moonshee of the place told me the   
people here think that one day's        
medicine could be of no avail4          
#b;d4-,on the ,river ,jhelum4-,this     
morning started from ,nowshera for      
,baramula1 where we arrived about #aj   
,a4,m41 and at once hired two large     
boats to convey us to ,srinagar4 ,sailed
 at noon4 ,the change from walking to   
sailing delightful4 ,the view we had of 
the valley from ,baramula hill is most  
enchanting4 ,the valley lies encircled  
by lofty mountains1 whose peaks are     
white with snow4 ,the mountains on the  
north and east of the valley seem as if 
the materials of which they are composed

 had at one time been molten1 and as if1
 while in this state1 they had been     
lashed into great waves1 and then       
suddenly set into their abrupt forms4   
,they are remarkably barren4 ,the       
mountainous ridge on the south and west 
has a more diversified outline1 and two 
or three very lofty peaks towards the   
south form a grand offset to the whole  
range4 ,the quantity of snow on the     
northern aspect of this mountain        
boundary is much greater than that on   
the southern range4 ,reached ,sopur     
about #f ,p4,m4 ,this is a              
picturesque-looking town on the western 
extremity of the ,wular lake1 through   
which the ,jhelum flows4 ,sleeping in   
one's boat is cold at this season4      
#c;d4-,awoke early and found we were    
still sailing on the spacious ,wular    
lake4 ,much engaged in prayer for ,god's
 blessing on me and mine1 and on ,his   
own work4 ,very happy from trust in     
,jesus4 ,reached ,srinagar about #e     
,p4,m41 and at once called on the ,rev4 

,a4 ,brinckman4  #dth4-,early this      
morning ,i took possession of the       
bungalow ,i occupied last year4 ,paid my
 boatmen #c rupees1 which is the proper 
price for the journey from ,baramula4   
,gave the men each #h;d4 as bakhshish1  
but found that the ,maharajah's         
officials were already on the spot to   
take from them the usual tax at the rate
 of one anna on the rupee1 ,breakfasted 
with ,mr4 ,brinckman-called on the      
,resident4 ,busy the rest of the day in 
getting my house into order4 ,dedicated 
myself and all that ,i am to ,god       
afresh1 imploring ,his gracious blessing
 on my work and my people4  ,sunday1    
,may #eth4-,divine service at the       
,residency4 ,in the evening the ,rev4   
,mr4 ,walsh1 ,american missionary from  
,futtegurh1 held a ,hindustani service  
which was pretty well attended4         
#fth4-,i heard to-day by a letter1 from 
the ,rev4 ,mr4 ,ferguson of ,chamba1    
that the ,rajah of that state has       
declared that henceforth there shall be 

the widest religious toleration in his  
territories4 ,this is joyful news1 the  
,lord's name be praised6 ,dined with    
,major ,maclean1 and at half-past six1  
attended the first prayer-meeting of the
 season at the ,rev4 ,mr4 ,walsh's      
house2 it was a delightful meeting4     
,spirit much refreshed4  #ith4-,opened  
the dispensary to-day-four present4 ,in 
,god's strength ,i hope to be more      
diligent than ever before1 in spreading 
the glorious gospel of ,god's marvellous
 grace1 and in everything which my hand 
finds to do for ,god's glory4 ,i must   
study ,persian3 it is an essential part 
of ,kashmiri2 ,lord1 help me6           
#ajth4-,ten patients present to-day4    
,read the parable of the ,prodigal ,son 
which ,i always find arresting to the   
people4 ,one man told me that a         
,government officer had tried to prevent
 his coming to me1 by urging him to go  
to the ,government ,dispensary1 where   
medicine1 clothing1 and food would be   
got for nothing4 ,i took the man to the 

,resident1 but1 as his house is         
surrounded by spies1 the poor man was   
timid in his answers to all the         
inquiries put to him4 ,the result of the
 examination proved1 however1 that the  
people have been prohibited from        
attending the ,mission ,dispensary4     
,here the matter ended4 ,the shed built 
by order of the ,maharajah for the      
dispensary last year is still           
uninhabitable1 ,i have complained to the
 ,baboo in charge of ,english affairs1  
and he promises to have it completed4   
,this was never done4 ,persian for two  
hours4  #aath4-,the man whom ,i took to 
the ,commissioners yesterday has not    
returned to-day1 ,i fear some mischief  
has befallen him4  ,sabbath1 ,may       
#abth4-,the man referred to is still    
absent1 and the attendance of patients  
so small that ,i fear there is truth in 
the report ,i have heard-i4e41 that the 
sepoys are employed to prevent the sick 
from coming to me4 ,i am told that      
during my absence the ,diwan exacted a  

written promise from the ,pundits to the
 effect that they should never again    
come to the ,padre ,doctor ,sahib1 on   
the penalty of a fine of #ejj rupees4   
,after divine service at the ,residency1
 ,i had a large gathering of the blind  
beggars of ,srinagar in the tent1 when  
,i read to them the story of the blind  
man who saw men as trees walking4 ,after
 the address they each received a small 
gratuity1 and were told to return next  
,sabbath4 ,o ,lord1 bless this effort to
 open the eyes of the blind6            
#acth4-,rained very heavily4 ,began     
,materia ,medica and ,chemistry ,class  
with my native doctor and assistants4   
#afth4-,still only five patients4 ,i do 
fear that the local ,government is using
 some means of preventing the sick from 
coming1 but the ,lord reigneth6         
#agth4-,nine patients present4 ,oh1 my  
,god1 how helpless ,i am6 my trust must 
be in ,thee only4  #ahth4-,still only a 
few patients present4 ,a man and a woman
 told me they had been sent away by a   

sepoy stationed at the gate through     
which they had to pass from the city2   
they came round another way4 ,went to   
the city to see ,samad ,shah1 shawl     
merchant1 who is ill1 and on the way    
stopped at the house of my ,kashmiri    
,pundit1 who ought to have come to me   
last ,monday4 ,found him at home and    
well2 he stated that he had been        
prohibited from coming to me1 on pain of
 imprisonment1 fine1 and the destruction
 of his house4 ,he also informed me that
 a prohibition had been issued by the   
,diwan1 to the effect that no one was to
 go to the ,padre ,doctor2 the          
penalty-imprisonment and fine4 ,the     
,pundit also told my catechist that     
inquiry had been made as to what wages  
he had received from ,mr4 ,brinckman and
 me1 and that employment was to be given
 him to the same amount4  ,sabbath1 ,may
 #aith4-,went out very early this       
morning and met an old man and woman1   
who said1 in answer to my inquiry where 
they were going1 'to the ,doctor        

,sahib's4' ,i asked if they were not    
afraid1 they answered 'yes1' for they   
had been on their way to me yesterday1  
but had been beaten and sent away by    
sepoys stationed near one of the        
bridges4 ,they came to the dispensary1  
and in the presence of ,mr4 ,brinckman1 
my catechist1 and native doctor1 told me
 exactly the same story4 ,a sepoy1      
evidently a spy sent to report who were 
present at this morning's reception1 was
 asked to sit down1 and he heard the    
gospel for once in his life4  #bast4-,my
 catechist tells me that copies of the  
prohibition have been given to each     
zilladar1 and that more active measures 
are being taken to prevent the people   
from coming to my dispensary4 ,they dare
 not come4 ,the poor old man and woman  
who ventured to come on ,sunday1 were   
beaten publicly1 and their names with   
all particulars were noted4 ,an old     
pundit has attended at each morning's   
reception1 for the purpose of writing   
the names of all present4 ,to-day ,i    

sent him about his business4  ,srinagar1
 ,may #bgth1 #ahfg4-,,my ,,dearest      
,,mother4-,you will see by the heading  
of this letter1 that ,i am again in     
,kashmir4 ,the journey to the valley    
this year was rather difficult1 owing to
 the amount of snow on the high         
mountains we had to pass1 two of which  
are about twice the height of ,ben      
,nevis4 ,we were busy on the way1 as    
formerly1 in telling of ,jesus and ,his 
marvellous love1 and in dispensing      
medicines and advice4 ,my dispensary is 
now fairly opened1 but ,i grieve to say 
that the usual number of patients have  
not yet taken advantage of it4 ,the     
native ,government do all in their power
 to oppose me1 and ,i sometimes despond 
and think my lot a trying one1 being    
cast among so down-trodden and degraded 
a people4 ,at such times a voice seems  
to say to me1 ',wait patiently on the   
,lord2 in due season ye shall reap if ye
 faint not4' ,assured that the ,lord    
reigneth ,i shall stick to my post1 and 

you1 dear mother1 can help me much by   
prayer4 ,in the secrecy of your own     
chamber1 meet me often at the throne of 
grace1 and thus you will do genuine     
mission work of the most exalted        
character4 ,be like ,jacob-wrestle with 
,god in prayer1 and1 through faith in   
our beloved ,saviour1 you will win the  
victory4 ,he loves to bless us2 ,he     
delights to grant our requests1 but ,he 
will try us first whether we desire them
 with all our hearts4 ,pray much for    
poor enslaved ,kashmir4 ,few take pity  
on her and the evils which exist1 and   
which daily come before my eyes1 are    
inconceivable6444 ,my word of comfort   
for you today is ,lam4 iii4-,your ever  
loving and dutiful son1 ,,william4      
,sabbath1 ,june #b;d4-,received from the
 chaplain ,rs4 #ab1 #ae;a4 #fp41 to be  
distributed among the poor4 ,had my     
usual meeting with the blind and lame4  
,qadir ,bakhsh addressed them1 after    
which ,i distributed among them three   
annas each4 ,while ,i was doing so one  

of the boatmen of ,mr4 ,l4's boat1 which
 was lying close by1 robbed a poor old  
blind man of his few paise4 ,mr4 ,b4 saw
 it1 and pursued the man1 made him      
restore the money1 and took away his    
turban for the purpose of               
identification4 ,on complaining of him  
to his master1 he received such a       
thorough beating that ,i do not mean to 
say anything further about this4 ,i have
 sent a report of the past month's      
opposition to the ,resident1 and he     
means to forward it to headquarters4    
,june #afth4-,cholera has appeared among
 the troops2 to-day six men died4 ,sher 
,ali ,khan1 the ,pathan1 has been fined 
#bjj rupees1 and the merchants in the   
city have been forbidden to supply him  
with provisions because he is suspected 
of being a ,christian4 ,eighteen were   
present at the ,dispensary this morning1
 and ,i think they were more anxious    
than in former years to hear the        
,gospel4 ,their hearts seem softer and  
more impressible4 ,the ,rev4 ,w4 ,walsh 

has written to ask one of his sons in   
,america to devote himself to ,medical  
,missions4 ,lord1 let ,thy kingdom come6
  #aith ,june1 #ahfg4-,,to ,c4 ,j4      
,,rodgers1 ,,esq4-444 ,i sympathise     
deeply with you in your domestic loss4  
,if the attractive power of the unseen  
and eternal world be increased to you   
through this means however1 then you    
will yet rejoice and thank ,god for this
 tribulation4 ,heaven is our home1 all  
that is most precious and desirable is  
there1 ,jesus our ,divine ,saviour and  
,friend is there1 besides many dear     
ones4 ,let us then not sorrow as those  
that are without hope6  ,the training of
 ,christian native teachers is a noble  
work4 ,may ,god grant you strength and  
grace to accomplish it4 ,let us not be  
weary in well-doing1 for in due season  
we shall reap1 if we faint not4  ,i am  
meeting with unusual opposition from the
 native ,government this year4 ,cholera 
has been committing its ravages among   
the ,maharajah's troops1 but we trust   

the efforts made to check the progress  
of this awful scourge may be blessed4   
,pray for us in this trying crisis4     
,journal1 #bjth4-,cholera has broken out
 in the city1 and an order is issued by 
the ,resident forbidding any people to  
come to the ,european quarters4 ,i wrote
 a polite letter in ,persian to the     
,diwan1 expressing my deep sorrow at the
 sad news which ,i hourly receive of    
deaths in the city from cholera4 ,i said
 ,i should be delighted to assist him   
with advice and personal attendance4    
,have received no answer4 ,am studying  
hard4 ,as ,mr4 ,clark says3-',while the 
door of ministry to the sick is closed1 
,god may open the door of my lips4 ,he  
may give me the gift of this difficult  
language1 and touch my tongue as with   
fire4 ,may ,he grant me wisdom and      
patience6'  ,the journals during the    
months of ,may and ,june are filled with
 instances of the opposition of         
,government1 and the sufferings of the  
people2 that of ,july recounts daily    

visits to the city1 where cholera raged 
for seven weeks4 ,a few notices may be  
given4  ,journal1 ,june #bith4-,nursed  
,colonel ,s4 to-day4 ,he is very ill but
 peaceful4  ,july #ast4-,went early this
 morning to see ,colonel ,s4 ,his spirit
 passed away at #g4de4 ,may the ,lord   
comfort his family1 and bless this heavy
 trial to me and to all who knew him6   
,this is the first case the least       
resembling cholera which has occurred   
amongst ,europeans here4  #gth4-,to-day 
recovering from a threatening of        
cholera4 ,the ,rev4 ,mr4 ,b4 and ,i had 
a long conversation with two ,kashmiris1
 who have been for some time inquiring  
after the truth4 ,they stated their     
disbelief in the ,koran3 they firmly    
believe it to be false4 ,they gave      
instances wherein statements made in it 
contradict each other4 ,they believe    
,jesus ,christ to be the ,son of ,god1  
equal with ,god the ,father1 and the    
only ,saviour of men4 ,they say they    
have taken ,him to be their ,saviour1   

and now wish to receive baptism4 ,their 
answers to all our questions were       
remarkably satisfactory1 yet they have  
not been long inquirers1 and ,i feel    
disposed to recommend delay4 ,what was  
the apostolic practice 787 that must    
guide us4 ,told them to return on       
,wednesday4  #ith4-,abadu and ,alunad   
,jan returned1 and declared their desire
 to receive baptism4 ,we again spoke to 
them about the way of salvation1 and    
asked them to consider the momentous    
nature of the step they were about to   
take4 ,we put the whole case before     
them1 and urged them to make their      
decision prayerfully4  #aath4-,abadu and
 ,alunad ,jan returned to-day1 and after
 again trying to give them a true view  
of what it is to be a ,christian1 we    
agreed that it would be wrong to        
withhold the rite of baptism from them4 
,they were baptized in the ,medical     
,mission ,bungalow1 in the presence of  
all my servants4 ,may the ,lord bless   
and keep them1 for doubtless a stormy   

future lies before them1 if they remain 
steadfast to their ,saviour4 ,after the 
baptism1 ,mr4 ,brinckman left for       
,gulmarg-the 'meadow of flowers' is the 
,kashmiri signification of this name4   
,here the ,resident and ,european       
visitors spend most of the summer4      
#acth4-,sailed down the river to the    
,habba ,kadal1 where cholera seems to be
 worst4 ,there ,i visited #bh cases of  
indubitable cholera4 ,i was gladly      
welcomed even by the women1 who remained
 in their houses instead of fleeing from
 me1 as they usually do4 ,hindoos and   
,mussulmans alike ask me to come into   
their houses1 and there is no purda-work
 now4  ,more than once formerly ,dr4    
,elmslie was called to give advice to   
native ladies1 in cases of serious      
illness1 but he was obliged to judge of 
the case with the usual thick veil      
between him and his patient1 through a  
hole in which he examined the tongue4   
,he was not troubled with veils in the  
present emergency4  ,no wonder that     

cholera carries off hundreds of victims 
here1 for the poverty1 filth1 and       
distress which prevail are most         
favourable agents for its development4  
,to-day saw many dead bodies carried out
 of the city for cremation4444          
#adth4-,several of my patients much     
better to-day4 ,going into the house of 
a poor man1 who was very ill1 a few days
 ago1 ,i found him discussing a quantity
 of boiled rice and vegetables with an  
apparently keen appetite1-his wife1 with
 her baby in her arms1 looking on with a
 face beaming with joy4 ,her words of   
gratitude flowed in swift torrents2 and 
it did make me happy to think ,i had1   
under ,god's blessing1 been the means of
 saving that life4 ,received a fresh    
supply of medicines to-day1 and have    
made a large quantity of pills for      
distribution through the city4444 ,had a
 large congregation of beggars1 who     
heard the gospel in its fulness of      
blessed promise1 and received alms4 ,the
 two converts were present at service   

to-day1 and seem anxious to learn the   
will of ,god4 ,the ,resident urges me to
 go to ,gulmarg4 ,i feel exhausted1 but 
cannot leave4 ,the cry of woe reaches me
 wherever ,i go4 ,i am alone among      
#abg1jjj1 and the utmost ,i can do is   
but like a drop in the ocean4           
#afth4-,went to the quarter inhabited by
 people from the ,punjaub1 where1 ,i had
 been told1 that there were many cases  
of cholera4 ,saw fifteen4 ,one poor     
woman's jaw was dislocated on both sides
 from excessive yawning4 ,i reduced the 
dislocation in a few moments1 much to   
the astonishment of her friends4 ,heard 
to-day that search is being made for the
 two men who were baptized4 ,the ,baboo 
called during my absence to examine my  
servants4  #ahth4-,dear ,mr4 ,brinckman 
has returned4 ,in company with him and  
my servant1 saw thirty cases4 ,every one
 glad to receive our medicine4 ,i hear  
that a ,mussulman fakir has offered to  
cause the cholera to disappear1 and that
 the ,diwan has given him money on      

condition that his promise is fulfilled 
within three days4 ,this is now the     
sixth day since the bargain was made1   
but there is no abatement4 ,saw one     
remarkable case3 ,patient1 a man of #cj1
 recovering from worst symptoms1 but    
gradually consecutive fever supervened1 
and with it a red or purple rash1 like  
that of measles1 slightly raised above  
surrounding skin1 disappearing on       
pressure and returning on removal of    
pressure4  #bc;d4-,quantities of unripe 
fruit are daily sold in the bazaars4    
,this1 with the filthiness of the whole 
city1 accounts for the development of   
the epidemic4 ,the ,diwan has requested 
the ,british ,resident to command me not
 to visit the cholera patients in the   
city4 ,he has refused to give such an   
inhuman command4 ,i have been going to  
the city ever since ,i was sure that    
cholera existed1 and shall continue to  
do as ,i have done4  #bfth4-,mr4        
,brinckman has returned to ,gulmarg4 ,i 
should have been extremely lonely but   

for him4 ,the majority of cases met with
 in my rounds to-day are very bad4 ,one 
poor boy had lost father and mother     
within the past few days1 and seemed    
very ill himself4 ,made an arrangement  
to have him cared for4 ,met the hakim of
 the district1 who confessed that he    
knew nothing of medicine1 but had been  
sent by the ,diwan to distribute the    
same medicines as the hakims in other   
districts were giving the sick4 ,those1 
he said1 were arak1 and one or two      
carminatives4 ,on my way home met boats 
containing ten dead bodies4             
#bith4-,received a letter from ,dr4     
,dallas1 authorising me to spend #ajj   
rupees among the distressed in the city4
 ,sent for native banker1 and bade him  
give me #aj rupees in paise4 ,he gave   
#fjj instead of #fdj1 telling me that   
the local government orders the ,english
 rupee to be valued at #ae annas instead
 of #af4 ,made him write this statement 
on paper1 and sent it to proper quarter1
 with inquiry as to its truth4 ,had a   

large gathering of blind and lame in the
 ,chinar ,bagh4 ,distributed #aj rupees 
among them4  ,august #ast4-,mr4         
,brinckman came back on #cjth4 ,we      
translated a charm against cholera which
 has been issued by order of ,his       
,highness the ,maharajah4 ,each copy is 
sold for four annas4 ,it directs the    
possessors to perform certain acts of   
worship and to give alms1 assuring them 
that in so doing they are safe from the 
plague4  #b;d4-,great storm of wind and 
rain for about an hour4 ,may good result
 from this6  #hth4-,mr4 ,brinckman sent 
for the ,baboo in order to obtain a pass
 for ,abadu and ,alunad ,jan1 that they 
may accompany ,mr4 ,b4 to the ,punjaub4 
,we said we wished them to be known as  
distinct from ,mr4 ,b4's servants1 being
 ,christians1 who1 as such1 were leaving
 the valley4 ,he objected1 but in the   
evening brought a 'parwana1' saying that
 they had been included as ,mr4 ,b4's   
servants4 ,against this we protested4   
,saw ,mr4 ,brinckman off4 ,may ,god     

bless him6 ,i feel very happy just now4 
,jesus is more precious to me than ever4
 ,my will seems to be more submissive to
 ,god4444  #acth4-,pestilence seems to  
be on the wane4 ,saw thirteen patients  
to-day4 ,met my old pundit1 who tells me
 it would be as much as his life is     
worth to come and see me4 ,my heart much
 drawn out in prayer for the salvation  
of my assistants4 ,have mercy on them1  
,o ,god6  #bast4-,rained heavily4 ,i    
spent all forenoon in the city with my  
assistant and catechist1 and saw seven  
new cases of cholera4 ,two of those were
 boys1 both of whom were left orphans   
within the last month4 ,what is to be   
done with the many orphans8444 ,my      
assistant1 a ,brahmin1 received a letter
 from ,jummoo to-day1 asking him to     
become editor of the newspaper which the
 ,maharajah proposes to publish1        
containing news from all parts of his   
territories4 ,he has declined the       
honour4 ,called at ,amiri ,kadal        
dispensary2 no cholera patients2 but saw

 a case of cancer of the breast being   
treated with poultices4 ,also case of   
nasal polypus2 the tumour had not been  
touched1 although the nose had been slit
 open2 poultices were being applied4    
#bdth4-,feel very weak to-day4 ,mr4 ,a4 
called for me4444 ,after some deeply    
interesting conversation we prayed      
together that ,god might strengthen both
 of us to walk before ,him holily all   
the days of our life4 ,may ,god bless   
this young man and help him with ,his   
all-sufficient grace6 ,the ,cordon is   
still in force4  #beth4-,few new cases  
now4 ,met my congregation of beggars1   
and distributed first the ,word of      
,life1 then #aj rupees1 amongst them4   
,mr4 ,a4 spent part of evening with me4 
,lord1 bless him1 keep him in ,thy ways1
 give him no rest till he has found it  
in ,christ6 ,very dissatisfied with     
myself4 ,the spiritual life within me is
 not vigorous2 indeed it is very weak   
and alloyed4 ,o ,god1 purify it-quicken 
it-strengthen it-renew it6 ,let love    

reign within me-make it the motive power
 of my inner man6  #bfth4-,mr4 ,a4      
breakfasted with me4 ,much interested in
 him4 ,may ,god keep him6  #bhth4-,saw  
four new cases of cholera to-day and two
 old cases4 ,took tea with ,sher ,ali1  
the ,pathan1 this evening4 ,saw his old 
father and his two fine boys4 ,sat with 
them on the floor1 like a native1 eating
 rice and fowl4 ,this was followed by a 
large dish of almonds1 then tea1 made   
very thick1 so that ,i almost mistook it
 for chocolate4 ,on my way home ,i met a
 lad in great distress1 and he told me  
that ,mahdu ,ku ,karn had forcibly taken
 away his little sisters and sold them1 
one to ,mahommed ,bakhsh1 merchant1 the 
other to a man in the city4 ,lord1 have 
mercy on ,kashmir1 for this is not an   
uncommon case6  ,sept4 #d4-;,heard the  
sad news from ,mr ,b4 that his dear wife
 was seized with cholera on the journey1
 and died at ,abbottabad4 ,o ,god1      
comfort my sorrowing friend1 who so     
joyfully helped me during these weeks of

 trial6444 ,great sorrow is felt at this
 everywhere4 ,in the evening had a long 
and interesting talk with ,mr ,a4 ,may  
,god continue the good work in him6     
,sept4 #e4-,this morning received a     
letter from the civil surgeon1          
requesting me to come immediately to    
assist him in a case at ,baba ,murishi4 
,after making necessary arrangements    
started at #i ,a4,m41 and reached       
journey's end at #aj ,p4,m4  ,sept4     
#f4-,this morning assisted ,dr4 ,j4 in  
stopping the hmorrhage proceeding from  
the wound from which ,major -- was      
suffering4 ,as ,major -- expressed a    
wish that ,i should remain and travel   
with him to-morrow4 ,i have consented to
 wait4 ,went this evening to see        
,gulmarg1 a beautiful little mountain   
valley it is4  #gth4-,set out at #g     
,a4,m4 with ,major --1 who was carried  
all the way on a charpae to ,suttaupur4 
,we reached it about #d ,p4,m41 and ,i  
started at once for ,srinagar in my     
little boat4  ,sunday1 ,sept4           

#h4-;,arrived here 7,srinagar7 about #d 
,a4,m4 and found a letter from the      
,resident1 informing me that he had     
removed the ,cordon ,sanitaire4 ,had my 
gathering of blind and lame in the      
mission tent to-day4 ,finished reading  
,goulburn's ',thoughts on ,personal     
,religion4'  #ith4-,re-opened           
dispensary1 but few patients were       
present1 the guard of sepoys still being
 posted at the avenues4  #abth4-,had    
some interesting talk with the ,pathan  
to-day4 ,he allows that the ,christian  
religion is vastly superior to theirs1  
and that its effects are wonderful on   
those who with the heart embrace its    
doctrines1 and make them the rule of    
life4 ,i am hopeful of this man1 but the
 love of money and the fear of man are  
strong in him4 ,o ,god1 grant him the   
enlightening influences of thy ,holy    
,spirit6 ,to-day a remarkable scene took
 place4 ,a ,hindu fakir1 who has        
frequently come to the mission premises 
for conversation on religious subjects1 

returned a few days ago from a          
pilgrimage4 ,he happened to see a ,hindu
 bathing in the ,jhelum to-day1 praying 
at the same time4 ,the fakir called to  
him1 and said that he must not suppose  
that there was any efficacy in washing  
with water4 ,he said-',ever so much     
water can never wash away sin2 only the 
atonement paid by ,christ can suffice to
 do that4' ,he then spoke of the        
,christian religion being the only true 
one4 ,he was overheard by one of the    
,maharajah's servants1 who gave him into
 the charge of a sepoy4 ,orders have    
been given to see him out of ,kashmir   
without delay4  #aeth4-,a ,mullah1 who  
has been a bitter enemy to the ,gospel1 
called on me to-day4 ,he seems softened4
 ,i tried to lay the ,gospel scheme     
before him1 and to show its adaptability
 to fallen man's every want4 ,qadir     
,bakhsh joined us1 and we prayed in turn
 for him in his presence1 that ,god     
would graciously grant ,his ,holy       
,spirit to teach him4 ,dined with ,m--4 

,may ,god lead him into the truth2 he is
 groping after it4  #bjth4-,the ,pathan 
and his eldest son took tea with me this
 evening3 they ate heartily of          
everything1 much to my surprise1 as in  
former days they have refused to touch  
what has been prepared by my ,christian 
servant4 ,he told me much about the war 
in ,cabul1 about the advance of the     
,russians1 c42 then consulted me about  
the education of his two sons4 ,o ,god1 
give him ,thy light4  #bb;d4-,read      
,judson's ,life again with much         
pleasure4 ,o ,god1 make me like him in  
so far as he resembled my precious      
,saviour6 ,mr4 ,a-- called1 and brought 
me a present of beautiful peaches4 ,we  
have long talks together4 ,i think the  
truth is taking firm hold of him4       
#bith4-,read ,whately's essay on the    
',love of ,truth4' ,mr4 ,a-- was present
 at our native service4  #cjth4-,sixty  
patients present4 ,a ,hindu called on   
me1 he had been in the service of the   
,maharajah1 ,dhuleep ,sing1 in ,england2

 he has travelled a great deal1 and     
expresses great admiration of the       
,english nation4  ,october              
#dth4-,received a notice from the       
,resident1 to the effect that all       
visitors must quit the valley on the    
#aeth inst4 ,an order has been received 
from the ,maharajah1 by the ,jagirdars  
for #a1djj maunds of grain to be sent by
 coolies to ,gilghil4 ,there are #de    
,jagirdars in ,kashmir1 only #e of whom 
are ,mussalmans1 the remaining #dj are  
,hindoos4  #ajth4-,saw a great crowd of 
coolies preparing to set off to the seat
 of war1 with grain1 c41 for the troops4
 ,two regiments are gone1 and another is
 going4 ,every village is bereft of its 
male inhabitants with the exception of  
the old men4 ,had a long talk with ,k4  
,s4 a ,sikh1 who came to our service    
to-day-a good attendance at dispensary4 
#adth4-,removed an enormous fibrous     
tumour from the right breast of a poor  
woman4 ,this and many other cases       
require close attention1 and ,i am      

obliged to close the dispensary         
to-morrow1 and next day must prepare to 
leave4  #afth4-,many recovered patients 
came to show themselves4 ,when the      
,baboo in the service of his ,highness  
the ,maharajah1 called with my parwana  
7passport71 ,i spoke to him on the      
subject of ,christianity4 ,he is very   
blind spiritually1 and what he sees of  
,christians so-called prejudices him    
effectually against ,christianity4 ,god 
can give him light4 ,received the usual 
parting present from his ,highness4 ,it 
consisted of two sheep1 some sugar1 tea1
 flower1 salt1 condiments1 butter1 and a
 few eggs4  #agth4-,temper much tried by
 the slowness of my servants1 and delay 
in arrival of boats4 ,god enable me to  
keep my temper4  ,before starting with  
,dr4 ,elmslie on his journey to         
,amritsar1 a few extracts from letters  
to friends written in ,srinagar during  
this season1 may serve to throw light on
 some of the points touched upon in his 
,journal1 and may supply one or two     

items of additional information4 ,to    
,mrs4 ,cleghorn on #ith ,july1 #ahfg1 he
 writes3-  ,the present season in       
,kashmir has been a most eventful one to
 the medical mission4 ,it appears that  
the local ,government and the ,mussulman
 ,mullahs are now greatly afraid of us1 
especially as two of their priests have 
become ,christians4 ,the result of this 
fear and hatred has been great hostility
 and opposition to my work4 ,from the   
very beginning of the season1 sepoys    
were placed at the entrances of all the 
avenues leading from the city to the    
,european quarters4 ,these sentries     
confessed themselves1 that their orders 
were to stop the sick from going to the 
,padre ,doctor ,sahib1 as they style me4
 ,some were allowed to pass on1 giving  
the sepoys some money2 others who were  
caught coming to me were roughly handled
 and beaten1 some were fined1 and others
 were imprisoned4 ,the fact that the    
local ,government of ,kashmir were thus 
forcibly preventing the poor1 helpless  

sick of the city of ,srinagar1 and of   
the valley generally1 from frequenting  
the ,medical ,mission ,dispensary1      
became known to the ,supreme ,government
 of ,india1 and they sent a request to  
the ,government of the ,punjaub to      
investigate the matter4 ,the ,british   
,resident1 who is a ,christian man1     
showed me the request1 and asked me to  
state my experience and opinion4 ,this  
,i did1 and my report was sent up to the
 ,punjaub ,government1 who are convinced
 of the fact1 and strongly urge the     
,supreme ,government to adopt measures  
to put a stop to such cruel1 bigoted1   
and tyrannical proceedings on the part  
of the ,native ,government of ,kashmir4 
,just as the hostility and opposition of
 the local ,government of ,kashmir had  
reached a climax1 cholera broke out     
amongst his ,highness's troops4 ,it     
appears that some sepoys who had got    
leave to go and wash in the ,ganges at  
,hardwar1 had returned to their regiment
 at ,srinagar1 and brought the seeds of 

cholera with them4 ,at any rate1 those  
sepoys had scarcely arrived1 when that  
awful pestilence broke out and began to 
carry off many4 ,everything was done to 
prevent the spread of the disease1 but  
it at last invaded the city2 and the    
,british ,resident deemed it necessary1 
for the safety of the ,european         
visitors1 to institute a ,cordon        
,sanitaire round the ,european quarters4
 ,as my dispensary is situated there1 ,i
 was compelled to put a stop to my work 
for a time4 ,when it was intimated to   
the suffering sick1 that they were not  
to return to the dispensary until they  
should receive intimation to do so1 the 
scene can be more easily fancied than   
described4 ,it would have melted a heart
 of stone4 ,since then1 ,i have visited 
the city almost daily1 and done what ,i 
could to alleviate the sufferings of the
 miserable inhabitants1 many of whom are
 daily carried off with cholera4 ,more  
than a fortnight ago1 ,i sent a most    
polite letter1 in ,persian1 to the      

,diwan1 or native ,viceroy1 expressing  
my sorrow at the heavy calamity that had
 fallen on his people1 and offering him 
my professional advice1 and personal    
assistance1 in this trying emergency4   
,he promised to reply to my letter the  
day following its receipt1 but1 up to   
the present time1 ,i have not heard from
 him4 ,this is cruelty1 bigotry1 and    
tyranny with a vengeance4 ,the poor     
people of the city are sadly neglected1 
even by those who ought to take some    
care of them4  ,referring to the same   
subject in a letter of #acth ,july to   
,mrs4 ,col4 ,lake1 he says3-,in spite of
 the sepoys1 about two hundred and fifty
 sick have found their way to me4 ,this 
number1 however1 is only about one-sixth
 of what ought to have attended1 when   
compared with the numbers of last       
season4 ,adverting to the cholera1 he   
says in the same letter3-,i am left     
alone here1 with my dispensary still    
closed1 as the ,cordon has not yet been 
authoritatively removed4 ,i am not idle1

 however1 as ,i spend daily several     
hours in the city amongst the poor      
people1 doing all ,i can to alleviate   
their sufferings4 ,this morning ,i      
visited and treated twenty-eight cases  
of cholera2 and while on my way home1 ,i
 saw the bodies of three men being      
carried away for cremation and burial4  
,it is awfully solemnizing work4 ,this  
pestilence may be the ,lord's messenger 
for the punishment of some1 and for the 
after good of the valley4 ,i have had a 
presentiment for some time that ,god is 
about to work a change in ,kashmir4  ,to
 another friend he writes3-  ,srinagar1 
#aeth ,july #ahfg4-,,my ,,dear ,,burns  
,,thomson1-,your very welcome and       
refreshing letter of ,january last is   
now before me4 ,let me answer its items 
one by one2 and in doing so we shall    
have cause to rejoice and heartily to   
thank ,god for ,his unmerited goodness  
to us4 ,our little medical mission      
friend1 the ,journal1 is always a       
welcome visitor with me2 indeed it often

 comes in1 just when ,i most need a word
 of comfort4 ,i feel greatly stimulated 
and encouraged when ,i hear of what     
others are doing for our unspeakably    
precious ,saviour and a perishing world4
 ,the labour you spend on the ,journal  
is therefore well spent4 ,it is a great 
and necessary work to be fishing for new
 labourers1 but it is an equally great  
and necessary work that those who are   
already in the field do their work      
contentedly1 patiently1 joyfully1       
lovingly1 and faithfully4 ,your little  
,journal helps me in some measure so to 
work4 ,ever welcome1 therefore1 to our  
little friend6 ,your graphic sketches   
about the ,arabs delight me much4       
,continue them4 ,when you have finished 
the ,arabs1 why not begin a series of   
such sketches of a general nature about 
your home work8 ,what ,i mean by general
 is not sticking to one subject1 but    
making suitable selections from your    
note-book4 ,and such a note-book yours  
must be6 ,with ,god's blessing such     

pictures are likely to do the medical   
mission cause good1 and to gain for it  
new friends to fill the place of old    
ones4 ,verily the cause needs new       
recruits4 ,miller away1 ,coldstream     
away1 ,jackson away1 ,craigie away1 and 
others4 ,ah6 ,thomson1 when shall we who
 are graciously allowed to remain labour
 for ,christ as we ought1 with our      
money1 our gifts1 and all that ,god has 
been pleased to bestow upon us8 ,when   
shall we convert the meum into the tuum1
 and look upon all that we possess as   
,christ's1 and only ,his8 ,you mention  
that you and dear ,mrs4 ,b4 ,t4 try to  
hold up my hands at family worship and  
at your prayer-meetings4 ,let me tell   
you1 for your encouragement1 ,i feel    
it-,i know it4 ,i was never so happy all
 my life as ,i am now4 ,not that ,i am  
without troubles and trials of a very   
heavy description2 but in spite of them 
,i rejoice-yea1 in them ,i rejoice1 for 
they drive me the oftener and the       
quicker to the sheltering1 sympathizing 

breast of ,jesus4 ,but in the midst of  
much to discourage me-of which ,i shall 
speak by and bye-,god is graciously     
pleased to give me great reason for     
gladness and gratitude4 ,i rejoice that 
,god has added two more ,kashmiris to   
,his ,church4 ,yes1 my dear ,thomson1 ,i
 suppose you are1 like me1 gladly       
astonished4 ,what a large element of    
sheer unbelief there is in our faith6   
,it is nevertheless true that on        
,thursday last1 in this very house of   
mine1 ,abadu1 clerk or moonshee1 and    
,alunad ,jan1 shawl-maker1 were both    
baptized by the ,rev4 ,mr4 --1 in       
presence of the medical mission         
servants4 ,the men were subjected to a  
very searching examination as to the    
reason of the faith which they were     
professing1 and their answers were very 
satisfactory4 ,may the ,lord keep these 
two men1 and spare them to become       
preachers of ,his gospel to their       
perishing fellow-countrymen6 ,they both 
possess very fair abilities1 and it is  

my intention1 ,god willing1 to take them
 with me to the ,punjaub for further    
instruction1 should ,i1 at the end of   
this season1 be compelled to leave the  
valley4  ,srinagar1 #b;d ,sept4         
#ahfg4-,,my ,,dear ,m41-,i long to hear 
from you4 ,how are you and ,mrs4 ,m4 in 
this season of sudden death8444  ,i     
don't forget you1 my dear ,m4 ,how sweet
 a thought it is to know that ,jesus    
never forgets ,his people-any of ,his   
people4 ,oh1 if we were only wise enough
 to open wide all the doors and windows 
of our souls1 that the sunshine might   
come in to cheer and gladden us6        
',rejoice evermore6' ,let me hear soon1 
if you have a moment to spare4          
,srinagar1 #bhth ,sept4 #ahfg4-,,my     
,,dear ,,mrs4 ,,thomson1-,your long and 
most interesting letter of the #adth    
,june duly reached me and is now before 
me4 ,let me tell you1 by way of a       
secret1 that such goods always bring a  
high1 very high1 price in this          
out-of-the-way market4 ,i heartily pity 

those missionaries who are not blessed  
with such letters6 ,speak a word1 a     
quiet word1 for the ,punjaub to your    
young friends4 ,there are several       
ploughs here1 standing waiting for good1
 sturdy1 loving1 faithful hands to guide
 them4 ',come over and help us6' ,i am  
glad to hear you have taken up the poor 
female city ,arabs4 ,pardon me for      
saying it-,i think in some respects they
 are worse than the male ones4 ,i am of 
opinion that1 if there were no female   
,arabs1 by and bye there would be no    
male ,arabs4 ,get the females of a      
people put to rights1 and the males will
 soon improve4 ,there have been few good
 men who hadn't good mothers4 ,if all   
this be true1 you will naturally ask me1
 ,what about poor ,india1 where woman is
 so degraded and unapproachable-what    
hope is there for her8 ,comparatively   
little1 humanly speaking1 ,i reply1 so  
long as the women of ,india occupy their
 present condition4 ,you have heard of  
female medical missions4 ,i think they  

are likely1 with the blessing of ,god1  
to help forward what zenana work has    
been effecting4     ,,chapter ,,xiii4   
,,visit ,,to ,,calcutta1 ,,and ,,work   
,,in ,,amritsar4   ,it is time to set   
out on the march for ,amritsar4 ,dr4    
,elmslie on this occasion travelled to  
the plains by the ,baramula ,pass4 ,he  
was detained for some days at ,dhanna1 a
 little mountain village1 on the        
journey1 owing to the illness of a      
friend whom he overtook4 ,while there he
 visited among the villagers1 and       
enjoyed the comparative rest and leisure
 which he much needed after the hard    
work of the summer4 ,here he read       
,ruskin's ,ethics of the ,dust4 ,he     
always after associated that book with  
the grand mountain scenery by which he  
was surrounded1 and with the sense of   
repose which followed that season of    
pressure4 ,he writes to his mother3-    
,october1 #ahfg4-;,if you knew all that 
has befallen me during the past         
year1-the difficulties ,i have had to   

contend with in the prosecution of my   
work1 my anxiety during the epidemic of 
cholera when ,i went daily to the city  
and spent hours among the sick and      
dying1 you would say that from my heart 
there ought to flow a river of gratitude
 towards that gracious ,father who has  
given me strength to bear up through it 
all4 ,without ,christ one can do        
nothing1 but with ,him we can do all    
things4 ,scarcely a day passes without  
my seeing a reason for the manner in    
which ,god has trained me for ,his work4
 ,god is truly all wise in all ,his     
ways4 ,i shall not give you special     
examples at present1 but if spared to   
meet after a year or two1 we shall      
compare our charts1 and mark the        
goodness of our ,heavenly ,father to us 
in all the past4    ,ill that ,god      
blesses is our good1     ,and unblessed 
good is ill1   ,and all is right that   
seems most wrong     ,if it be ,his dear
 will4  ,peshawur1 near the ,kyber      
,pass1 #aith ,november1 #ahfg4-;,at the 

,annual ,missionary ,conference it was  
agreed that ,i should visit this part of
 the mission field1 and report as to the
 desirability of planting a ,medical    
,mission here4 ,accordingly my friend   
,wade and ,i left ,amritsar on          
,wednesday last1 reaching ,peshawur on  
,saturday4 ,i have greatly enjoyed my   
stay here1 and am much interested in the
 operations of the missionaries which   
are carried on chiefly among the warlike
 ,affghans4 ,the language usually spoken
 is ,pushtoo4 ,i purpose1 ,god willing1 
returning to ,amritsar on the #bast1    
finishing some writing work which ,i    
have on hand1 and afterwards setting out
 for ,calcutta1 in order to lay the     
whole state of affairs in ,kashmir      
before the ,committee of the ,c4 ,m4 ,s4
 there4  ,calcutta1 #bjth ,december1    
#ahfg4-,,my ,,ever ,,dearest            
,,mother1-,before you shall have        
received this letter another year must  
have begun its course4 ,let me with all 
a son's love wish you1 my mother1 and   

best and truest friend on earth1 a very 
happy new year4 ,may you this year get  
near to our dear ,redeemer1-may you be  
able to realize ,his comforting         
presence1-may your faith in ,him and in 
,his great and marvellous work be       
strong1-may your will be made submissive
 to our loving ,father's will1-and may  
you really consider that to depart and  
be with ,christ is far better than to   
remain here4 ,these precious blessings  
,i wish for myself as well as for you4  
,i commit myself to ,god's keeping2 may 
,he graciously spare me to be a help and
 comfort to that dear mother who has    
done so much on my account1 and who now 
loves me as no earthly being can4 ,may  
,i be spared to labour for ,christ in   
poor unhappy ,kashmir6 ,may ,god's rich 
blessing rest on my work4 ,may ,he hear 
our prayers for the political and       
spiritual emancipation of that unhappy  
country4 ,oh that the spiritual darkness
 and tyranny and oppression which       
prevail in ,kashmir were dispersed1-that

 ,god would raise ,him up a people to   
praise ,him there1-a people made free by
 the truth6  ,i am sorry to tell you ,i 
have not been greatly encouraged by what
 ,i have seen and heard since ,i came to
 ,calcutta4 ,kashmir is far removed from
 the head-quarters of the ,indian       
,government1 and few or none seem to    
care much about that poor oppressed     
people4 ,but we will give ,god no rest  
from our prayers until ,he in ,his mercy
 and grace take pity on that deplorable 
valley4444  ,i feel brimful of health   
again2 very different from my state     
during the cholera in ,kashmir last     
season4 ,oh how very good ,god was to me
 during that trying crisis4 ,i shall    
never forget it1-never cease to be      
grateful to ,him who did so much for me 
then4  ,i purpose1 ,god willing1 to     
leave this for the ,punjaub next        
week4444 ,your ever loving and dutiful  
son1 ,,william4  ,on the same day       
7,calcutta1 #bjth ,december1 #ahfg7 he  
wrote to his much valued friend1 ,mr4   

,ritchie3-,will you1 he asks1 do a      
little commission for me8 ,mrs4 -- my   
old lodging-house keeper1 was so kind to
 me when ,i was under the cloud of      
adversity and trial1 that ,i have never 
forgotten her kindness4 ,she gave me a  
six months' credit when my exchequer was
 clean empty4 ,will you get the enclosed
 cheque for #e cashed1 and pay the money
 to her1 saying that it is a small token
 from me of my gratitude to her for her 
kindness to me whilst a poor student in 
,edinburgh4 ,may ,god bless her and     
hers4 ,these were days of sore trial1   
and yet ,elmslie never referred to them1
 but with thanksgiving4 ,again and again
 in these pages we find him praising    
,god for his early discipline4 ,in the  
same letter he says1 ,many a time do ,i 
think of you1 and the many happy days we
 spent together-the days of our college 
life-those were days full of happiness1 
seasoned with trial and difficulty4     
,they were the very training we needed4 
,we needed to have patience wrought in  

us-we needed to be braced up for the    
surmounting of no ordinary trials and   
difficulties1 and our ,father1 in ,his  
wisdom and love1 gave us the schooling  
which we required to fit us for the     
great battle of life4  ,dr4 ,elmslie    
returned from ,calcutta to ,amritsar1   
and at once wrote to his beloved mother4
  ,amritsar1 #bb;d ,january1 #ahfh4-,,to
 ,,his ,,mother4-444 ,i am once more in 
my old quarters1 having arrived here    
from ,calcutta two days ago4 ,i have now
 before me your two letters1 which ,i   
shall answer bit by bit4 ,you cannot    
tell what joy it gives me to know that  
you approve of my having stayed among   
the suffering inhabitants of ,srinagar  
during the terrible plague4 ,you say you
 are living in hope that ,god may be    
pleased to spare us to meet4 ,the fourth
 year of my absence from you has begun1 
and at the end of the fifth year1 it is 
my intention to avail myself of the     
opportunity ,i shall then have to return
 home to see you4444  ,alas for my poor 

friend ,b41 ,i fear his genius was of   
the unsanctified kind1 which brings     
little or no joy or peace to its        
possessor4 ,to be happy is to seek1     
first1 the kingdom of heaven4444 ,this  
world is a great school3 poor -- has    
very difficult lessons to learn in it2  
may ,god help him4 ,i find all my past  
experience useful4 ,our lessons are     
sometimes very disagreeable1 but only   
let ,god our heavenly ,father be our    
teacher1 and they will all prove        
profitable4 ,how kind ,god's people are 
to you1 dear mother4 ,it is a great     
comfort to me to know that so many show 
you kindness4 ,may ,god bless them for  
it4 ,now ,i must tell you something more
 about my visit to ,calcutta4 ,it was   
arranged by ,mr4 ,stuart1 ,secretary of 
the ,church ,mission ,society1 that ,i  
should have the privilege of an         
interview with the ,governor-,general1  
,sir ,john ,lawrence4 ,his ,excellency  
invited me to breakfast with him on the 
#b;d4 ,he received me very kindly1 his  

private secretary read prayers1 after   
which we went to breakfast4 ,i was the  
only stranger present1 and he spoke     
freely on the subject of ,kashmir1 and  
the frontiers generally4 ,he asked me   
many questions1 and appeared to take an 
interest in the mission1 to which he has
 all along contributed4 ,the ,government
 now know the condition of ,kashmir4444 
,pray much for ,kashmir1 dear mother4 ,i
 am sure you will be glad to hear that  
,sir ,donald ,m,leod1 in his report of  
the cholera which raged in the ,punjaub 
last summer1 makes honourable mention of
 the names of those who did valuable    
service during the epidemic2 the name of
 your son ,willie is in the list6 ,this 
is a very small matter to us1 dearest   
mother4 ,i hope we work from love to    
,jesus1 and never for the praise of men4
 ,still ,i value the praise of good men2
 the opinion of bad men ,i reckon as the
 dust in the balance1-valueless4444  ,i 
have re-opened my dispensary here4444   
,now may the ,lord bless you1 and keep  

you1 and comfort you throughout this    
year4-,your ever loving son4  ,again he 
writes to his mother from the same      
place3-  #fth ,feb4 #ahfh4-,,my ,,ever  
,,dear ,,mother1-,i have but a few      
minutes to write to you to-day1 but ,i  
cannot let the mail go without a line   
for you4 ,i am thankful to say ,i am    
well1 with the exception of a cold1     
which is now on the wane4 ,the people   
are coming to me in ever-increasing     
numbers2 there is a wonderfully         
attractive power in kindness1 dearest   
mother1 and ,god does enable me to be   
kind and gentle with those poor people4 
,oh that they only knew the true ,god   
and ,jesus1-the loving1 gentle ,one4  ,i
 have just heard good news4444 ,a       
gentleman of great ability and          
,christian character has been appointed 
as ,resident in ,kashmir this year4 ,his
 name is the ,hon4 ,mr4 ,roberts1       
,c4,b41 ,judicial ,commissioner of the  
,punjaub4 ,i hope the day of liberty for
 my poor groaning ,kashmiris is near at 

hand2 they are doubly enslaved2 they    
need political as well as religious     
liberty4 ,god helping me1 ,i shall do my
 utmost to put them in possession of    
both4 ,what a delicious pleasure to be  
helpful in breaking one link in the     
chains of the slave6 ,pray much and     
earnestly for the emancipation of       
,kashmir4  ,may the rich blessing of    
,god ever rest upon you1 to comfort you 
now and to ripen you for glory4-,your   
ever loving and dutiful son1 ,,willie4  
,a few days later he writes as follows  
to ,colonel ,lake3-  ,amritsar1 #bb;d   
,february1 #ahfh4-,you ask me to give   
you further information respecting the  
work of last season1 and the time ,i    
have spent since ,i left ,kashmir4 ,if  
,i remember rightly1 my last letter to  
you was dated about ,july of last year1 
just at the time when cholera was at its
 acme in ,srinagar4 ,it raged furiously 
the whole of that month2 and although   
the type of the epidemic was not of a   
very virulent nature1 still great       

numbers were carried off4 ,it was       
especially fatal among women and        
children4 ,towards the beginning of     
,august1 the virulence of the disease   
had decidedly abated1 and by the end of 
that month1 scarcely a case occurred in 
the whole city4 ,it had entirely left   
the city by the #aeth ,september4 ,the  
epidemic1 therefore1 lasted from the    
#hth ,june till the #aeth ,september1 a 
duration of more than three months4 ,it 
is very sad to have to state1 that the  
local authorities1 with unheard-of      
cruelty1 did all in their power to      
prevent me visiting the poor1           
pestilence-stricken inhabitants of      
,srinagar4 ,they had the effrontery to  
request the ,british ,resident to       
prohibit my frequenting the city for the
 purpose of visiting the sick4 ,this1 he
 said1 he would not do4 ,i feel quite   
sure that1 had the local ,government    
acceded to my offer to co-operate with  
them in battling the common enemy1 the  
mortality would have been less1 with    

,god's blessing on our efforts4 ,but1 as
 ,i said1 they did everything in their  
power to prevent and frustrate my       
efforts to assist the poor people1 who  
were left in the hands of the ignorant1 
cruel1 and mercenary ,hakims4 ,the      
neglect1 cruelty1 and rapacity which ,i 
witnessed during that epidemic are      
inconceivable4 ,as a specimen1 ,i may   
mention this fact3 ,when the cholera was
 at its worst1 it was announced in the  
city1 that ,his ,highness the ,maharajah
 had discovered an effectual cure for   
the disease4 ,this cure consisted of a  
printed manthar or charm1 which was to  
be repeated1 and pasted above the doors 
of the houses4 ,this charm1 it was      
announced1 was not only curative1 but   
preventive also4 ,each copy cost four   
annas 7sixpence71 and was to be had at  
the ,maharajah's post-office4 ,i went   
and bought several copies4 ,i have them 
in my possession now4 ,large numbers of 
the ,hindoos bought them2 but1 poor     
people1 they soon discovered their      

inefficiency4 ,i could mention more     
things of a piece with this1 but space  
forbids4  ,amritsar1 ,march #bhth1      
#ahfh4-,,to ,,his ,,mother4-,i am now   
preparing for another campaign in       
,kashmir1 and have closed the           
,dispensary in ,amritsar to-day4 ,i     
purpose going by the same route as last 
year4 ,i send you a photograph of one of
 the passes which we shall have to      
cross4  ,in ,amritsar1 the ,medical     
,mission ,dispensary was open from the  
#bc;d ,january till the #bhth ,march1   
#ahfh1 during which time five hundred   
and fifty-seven patients were treated4  
,the mode of conducting the operations  
of the ,dispensary was similar to that  
followed in ,kashmir4 ,one ,mussulman   
and one ,hindu were greatly roused by   
the preaching of the ,gospel2 may they  
have no rest till they find it in       
,jesus4     ,,chapter ,,xiv4  ,,fourth  
,,year',s ,,work ,,in ,,kashmir4   ,the 
following short note from ,dr4 ,elmslie 
to his mother forms a suitable          

introduction to another season's work in
 ,kashmir3-  ,srinagar1 ,kashmir1 #adth 
,may #ahfh-4444 ,i am once more in      
,kashmir1 in my old house on the banks  
of the broad-bosomed ,jhelum4 ,i        
travelled from the ,punjaub by the      
,rattan ,pir1-many an extensive field of
 snow ,i had to cross1 many a stiff     
climb to make4 ,we had some interesting 
meetings with sick on the way1 and now  
my dispensary is in full working order  
in ,srinagar4 ,the people are flocking  
to me4 ,i have heard rumours of         
opposition1 but as yet have not         
experienced it this year4 ,the common   
people love me1 and hear me gladly2 it  
is a very sweet thing to be loved by the
 poor and needy4 ,the demand for shawls 
is low just now1 and the consequence is 
that there is much distress among the   
shawl makers4 ,they are selling work at 
half its proper value1 in order to save 
themselves from starving4  ,,to ,c4 ,j4 
,,rodgers1 ,,esq4-,my mental food on the
 journey was ,boswell's ,life of        

,johnson4 ,it has given me many a good  
laugh1 and much instruction4 ,it is a   
delightful book4 ,how severe the old    
lexicographer is on the ,scotch6 ,never 
mind1 we can bear it4 ,all he says is   
sheer abuse1 and will not harm us4  ,,to
 ,,mrs4 ,,cleghorn4-,i arrived here on  
the #ast instant1 and have now my       
dispensary in vigorous working order4   
,how ,i long to be allowed to settle    
here1 and to carry on my work without   
these periodical breaks6 ,i am like     
,noah's dove4 ,the work greatly suffers 
by these frequent interruptions2 as you 
can easily fancy4 ,will you make this a 
matter of prayer8 ,i long for an        
hospital too2 that is another           
desideratum for both the medical and the
 spiritual work4 ,if you saw the shifts 
,i have to make1 you would be amazed and
 smile4 ,but ,i firmly believe that     
there is a better day in store for poor 
,kashmir4 ,i need not now tell you of my
 griefs and disappointments and         
discouragements2 suffice it to say1 ,i  

have all these4 ,but should we expect to
 be different from our ,divine ,lord8   
,it is enough for the disciple to be as 
his ,lord4 ,i count upon your prayers4  
,one of the two converts of last season 
is reported to have died in ,amritsar1  
shortly after his arrival there4 ,they  
say he died declaring his firm faith in 
,jesus4 ,the other convert must have    
left ,amritsar before my return1 for ,i 
was unable to find him4  ,journal1      
,sunday1 ,may #ajth4-,church in the     
morning4 ,many pretty things in the     
sermon1 but little theology4 ,i had my  
old friends the blind and lame for their
 service in the afternoon1 and          
distributed alms among them4 ,in the    
evening feasted on ,conybeare and       
,howson's ,life of ,st4 ,paul1 taking   
notes of all that is most valuable in   
the book4 ,received letters from ,dr4   
,bell1 ,e4 ,m4 ,m4 ,s41 and from        
,brinckman2 greatly tempted to open     
them4  ,dr4 ,elmslie never opened his   
letters on ,sabbath1 fearing lest some  

of their contents should be of such a   
nature as might distract his mind from  
spiritual things2 he often found good   
reason to confirm him in this practice4 
,journal4-,help me1 ,o ,father1 in      
striving to do ,thy will6 ,make my every
 motive pure6 ,may love to ,christ be   
the grand motive power within me6 ,i    
think ,i have some genuine love to my   
precious ,saviour1 but it is not enough1
 alas6 it is deplorably small2 ,o       
increase it1 ,lord6  ,to a friend he    
writes1-,i am sorry to hear you say you 
are cold4 ,you must be in the shade4    
,come out into the sunshine4 ,coldness  
is a sign of diminished vitality1 and if
 your spiritual vitality is lessened1   
then there must be some obstructing     
cause at work preventing the vitalizing 
sap from flowing out of the great ,root 
into you1 one of the branches4 ,make an 
examination1 and may you detect the     
baneful cause1 and have grace given you 
to remove it immediately4  #acth4-,had a
 large reception of sick in early       

morning4 ,resumed study of ,kashmiri    
with my pundit4 ,dined with -- in the   
evening4 ,i thank ,thee1 ,o ,god1 for   
any measure of boldness ,thou didst give
 me to speak out on several points4     
#adth4-,began class with dressers and   
assistant for the study of ,materia     
,medica and ,chemistry4 ,two sepoys     
attended the reception for the sick     
to-day2 they were importunate in        
imploring me to help them to get away1  
for out of their nominal wage of six    
chilkies a month1 they never receive    
more than three4 ,saw a lovely fire-fly 
this evening1 a rare thing here4        
#ahth4-,number of patients very large   
to-day4 ,several operations4 ,lambardar 
of ,islamabad present1 from whom ,i     
removed a cancerous tumour in the neck  
two years ago2 no appearance of return  
of cancer4 ,taught my assistants and    
studied ,kashmiri as usual4 ,i am told  
that ,nasir ,shah has prohibited the    
people from attending the ,medical      
,mission ,dispensary4 ,if a woman go1   

she is to be divorced from her husband2 
if a man go1 he is to be divorced from  
his wife4 ,he is the leading ,mussulman 
judge of the city1 and is spreading     
reports that the ,doctor ,sahib makes   
his medicines of swine's flesh and      
blood4 ,before a marriage is celebrated 
the officiating priest reads a          
proclamation that if either man or woman
 go to the ,doctor ,sahib1 there will be
 a divorce6  #aith4-,a poor sepoy came  
to the dispensary some days ago         
complaining of severe pain2 on          
examination1 it was found that he is    
suffering from a large abdominal        
aneurism4 ,he told me he had been       
ordered off to ,gilghil4 ,i wrote a     
short certificate stating that he was   
utterly unfit for such a journey4 ,he   
came to-day and told me he had shown his
 certificate to his ,colonel1 and that  
he had fined him a year's pay1 ordering 
him to set out for ,gilghil tomorrow2   
#c1jjj sepoys have already gone4  ,news 
from home not good2 my mother is ill4   

,have written to ask the ,committee to  
sanction my return home next cold       
season4 ,if this is right1 ,i ask ,god  
to grant it2 if not for ,his glory1 ,i  
sincerely trust that my request may fall
 to the ground4  #bhth4-,a large        
gathering of sick to-day4 ,i feel       
nervous1 and irritable1 and restless4 ,o
 ,god1 give me strength and grace1 let  
,thy blessing rest upon me in my work1  
or rather in ,thy work1 which ,thou hast
 been pleased to entrust to my care4    
#bith4-,w4 ,m41 merchant1 called on me  
to-day1 to ask when the great ,sahib was
 coming to ,kashmir to dispense justice4
 ,he told me that there is no tariff of 
taxes1 but that each official may charge
 what pleases him at the time1 and      
according to the influence and tact     
which the merchant may have4 ,on the    
,murree and ,abbottabad roads the       
merchant is compelled to unpack his     
goods at each stage1 and the officer on 
duty has power to make him pay anything 
he pleases4 ,this man takes shawls and  

cloth from ,kashmir to ,persia1 selling 
them there for money and precious       
stones1 especially turquoises4 ,he      
replied in answer to my question1 as to 
what would make ,kashmir prosperous1    
that a code of good laws1 or a change in
 the administrators of those laws would 
be necessary4 ,he added that if the     
,maharajah would reign in person and    
afford opportunities for the poor to    
make their wrongs known to himself1 the 
state of the country would be very      
different2 the great ,mogul ,emperors   
took an active part in the business of  
the ,state1 and ever lent a ready ear to
 the complaints of the poor4 ,where     
fidelity and principle are low1 it is   
absolutely necessary that the ruler of a
 ,state should exercise keen scrutiny   
over his subordinates4 ,in the evening  
,i had an interesting conversation with 
,sher ,ali ,khan1 on one remarkable     
feature of ,christianity1 i4e41 that it 
takes cognizance of the thoughts and    
intents of the heart of man-that it     

deals primarily with them4  #cjth4-,went
 with my assistants to the ,nasim ,bagh1
 where there is a grove of most         
beautiful ,chinar trees1 planted by one 
of the ,mogul ,emperors4 ,we visited the
 prison on the ,dal lake1 and saw some  
men boring a four pounder-they can make 
an eight pounder1 but no larger4 ,saw   
men bruising grain by means of a        
grinding stone driven by water4 ,i was  
told that there were no prisoners in    
jail at present1 that the ,maharajah had
 caused the prisoners' quarters to be   
pulled down4 ,i ascertained that there  
were between two and three hundred      
prisoners within the prison boundaries1 
but the officials were afraid of their  
making complaints of the treatment which
 they receive from their keepers2 it is 
said to be very cruel4 ,the lake is     
covered with water-lilies just now4     
,sabbath1 #cast4-,one hundred and       
sixty-two patients today4 ,one man told 
me that his brother had beaten a cow so 
that blood had been drawn4 ,he was cast 

into prison1 and previous to the arrival
 of the ,english1 had been removed he   
knew not where4  ,received letters from 
my brother1 from ,acklom1 and from ,dr4 
,farquhar4 ,it is very remarkable that  
my most welcome letters usually come on 
,sundays1 as if to tempt me to open     
them4 ,have felt happy to-day1 and had  
much of the spirit of prayer4 ,my text  
for to-day-',he is faithful that        
promised4'  ,srinagar1 #fth ,may1       
#ahfh4-,,my ,,ever ,,dear ,,mother1     
7,after some advices and expressions of 
sorrow about her failing health1 he     
writes73 ,those infirmities of age will 
not pass away-will rather increase4     
,happy thought it is that those very    
infirmities are but carriers to the     
shores of a better land1 where there is 
full1 perfect1 and endless joy4 ,it is  
this hope which gives resplendent glory 
to the sunset of the ransomed soul4  ,on
 the #ith of ,june #ahfh1 he writes to  
,lieut4 ,acklom3-444 ,the opposition    
this year to my work in ,kashmir is very

 much less than last4 ,this is shown    
beyond a doubt1 by our numbers4 ,last   
year up to this date we had three       
hundred and ten patients1 this year     
during the same time the numbers on the 
roll are seven hundred and fifty-nine4  
,the mission this year1 so far as       
numbers go1 is more prosperous than it  
has ever been4 ,for this ,i give ,god   
hearty thanks4 ,the devil seemed to make
 a gigantic effort to crush us1 but     
thanks be to ,god1 we still live and    
work4 ,your last letter was precious to 
me2 how marvellous it is that we who are
 in ourselves impure1 and unworthy1 are 
nevertheless in the sight of ,god       
perfectly holy and worthy1 on account of
 the perfect holiness and infinite      
worthiness of our adorable ,divine      
,redeemer which are imputed to us4      
,christ is our righteousness1 as well as
 our everything else4 ,are we not prone 
to forget this precious cheering ,bible 
truth8 ,hence the feebleness and gloom  
of many of ,god's people4 ,the more we  

identify ourselves with ,christ1 the    
holier1 the happier1 and the stronger we
 become1 for ,he is our righteousness1  
,he is our joy1 ,he is our rock4 ,the   
,christian needs to know the depravity1 
and the desperate wickedness of his own 
heart1 but having known it somewhat1 he 
requires to be ever looking unto ,jesus 
in whom we and ,god are revealed4 ,look 
steadily to ,jesus1 dear ,acklom1 there 
sin is revealed1 there love is revealed2
 there is no danger of your forgetting  
your sins and their deserts if you look 
to ,jesus4 ,some say there is danger1   
but this is a great mistake1 for ,jesus 
is the price-the infinitely valuable    
price which the loving ,father gave to  
atone for our sins1 and to enable the   
,father1 without doing violence to ,his 
attributes of justice and holiness1 to  
pardon1 justify1 and save such sinful   
and unworthy creatures as we are4 ,what 
beauty and harmony there are in the     
,gospel scheme as made known to us in   
the infallible word of ,god6  ,to the   

same1-,srinagar1 #hth ,july1 #ahfh4-;,i 
should say that the two surest signs of 
a man's being a true ,christian1 are    
growth and gladness-growth in the       
,christian life1-the ,christian         
graces-growth manifest to the man's own 
consciousness1 and manifest too to his  
fellow ,christians2 and gladness rooted 
and grounded on what ,christ1 ,god's own
 well beloved ,son1 has done for him1   
suffered for him in ,gethsemane and     
,calvary1 and is now doing for him at   
,god's right hand in heaven4 ,there is  
something wrong when a ,christian is not
 a happy man4 ,considering everything he
 ought to be the happiest of men4 ,for  
myself ,i know that whenever ,i have    
lost that serene and inexpressible      
feeling of a full and filling joy1 it   
has been caused by some cloud of        
unbelief1 a looking away from ,jesus1 a 
surrendering to the world or the devil1 
a forgetting of the grand work of life4 
,the ,christian's joy is not a          
boisterous joy1 but is like the calm    

sunset peacefulness which pervades this 
fair valley in the 'gloamin4'           
,srinagar1 ,august1 #ahfh4-,,my ,,dear  
,,thomson1-,i was grieved to learn that 
you had been compelled to leave home in 
search of health4 ,three lectures in one
 week1 and then a ducking into the      
bargain6 ,the old ,martha spirit1       
,thomson-the bustle and the lots of     
service4 ,o that we could mix the       
,martha and the ,mary4 ,what an         
excellent compound they do make4 ,to    
influence the world we need to be full1 
and running over with faith and love4   
,to be so we must often1 ,jesus-like1   
repair to the mountain side1 or desert  
place1 alone4 ,it is often a great      
blessing for a ,christian man to be laid
 aside for a little from the busy       
engrossing pursuits of this             
high-pressure life1 which in these days 
we are forced to live4 ,even the        
,christian life is not exempt from this 
pernicious feature of our age4 ,god did 
not stop your work2 ,he only modified it

 for a season1 and made praying your    
working4 ,doubtless the workers in      
prayer are most successful4 ,i often    
wish ,i had half a dozen old1 faithful1 
loving1 lonely women1 praying for me and
 my work4 ,but though a visit to the    
desert may refresh1 we must not stay    
there1 for sinners now-a-days won't come
 after us as they went after ,john2 and 
so ,i hope dear ,mrs4 ,thomson and you  
are again in the pit digging for        
diamonds4 ,i entirely agree with you in 
your remarks on the relative position   
which piety and cleverness should hold  
in the medical missionary character4    
,without any doubt1 piety first1 and    
then attainment4 ,nothing but the cable 
of love to our precious ,saviour1 will  
be able to keep us fast to our moorings 
in these stormy days4 ,i have scarcely  
left time to speak about my own work4   
,so far as numbers go1 this is by far   
the most successful year of the ,kashmir
 ,medical ,mission4 ,we have treated    
nearly #bjjj patients during the last   

two months4 ,opposition at present is   
asleep1 only asleep and nothing more4   
,it cheers me greatly to know that you  
remember me and ,kashmir in your        
prayers4  ,srinagar1 #bdth ,august1     
#ahfh4-,,my ,,dear ,,acklom1-,it is too 
bad of me to be so dilatory in writing  
to you1 but the truth is1 ,i have been  
in a sea of troubles4 ,my native doctor 
,i found out to be a great thief1 and ,i
 gave him his leave immediately4 ,this  
of course increased our work very       
greatly4 ,he was also a 'din-raiser' and
 succeeded admirably4 ,i fear he has    
completely spoiled one of my native     
dressers1-,thomas1-whose conduct this   
season has been far from                
satisfactory4444 ,you complain of a cold
 heart6 ,the fact is our hearts-all     
human hearts-are as fickle as ,april or 
the thermometer4 ,it is well to remember
 that the connection between our body   
and our affections is very intimate1 and
 very often extremely disadvantageous to
 the ,christian4 ,a heavy dinner1 a     

sluggish liver1 or constipated bowels1  
will frequently freeze our affections1  
or rather make them as flat as thunder  
does beer4 ,but let us not brood over   
the coldness4 ,our union to our blessed 
,saviour1 and our possession of eternal 
life through ,his merits1 does not      
depend upon1 or vary with our feelings  
and affections1-were it so1 this would  
make salvation like ,joseph's coat1 of  
many colours4 ,remember ,jesus' dying   
words1 for they are very precious1 ',it 
is finished4' ,what is finished8 ,man's 
salvation4 ,it is sad to think that we  
sinners1 for whom the glorious ,jehovah 
gave up ,his only begotten ,son1 should 
have cold ungrateful hearts towards ,him
 who gave so much for us4 ,the place to 
warm our hearts is the cross4444        
,srinagar1 #b;d ,october1 #ahfh4-,,to   
,,rev4 ,,mr4 ,,mallett4-,don't you think
 we are apt to forget that we have not  
yet finished our spiritual education8   
,we are apt to forget that in all that  
befalls us1 our heavenly ,father is     

making everything subservient and       
conducive to our spiritual nourishment  
and growth in grace4 ,what we need1 you 
and ,i1 ,m41 is more of that spirit-that
 ,christ-like spirit1 which1 looking    
lovingly and confidingly up into the    
,father's benign face1 ever says1       
',father1 not my will but ,thine be     
done4' ,if there is matter for          
thankfulness on my part in your letter1 
there is in my circumstances much which 
ought to make you thankful when you     
compare your lot with mine4 ,here ,i am 
almost as lonely as ,john in ,patmos4   
,without a tender loving wife to cheer  
me with her hearty sympathy4 ,this great
 blessing you have1 and doubtless you   
feel very grateful to ,god for the      
blessing4 ,how expansive our capacity   
for happiness is4 ,in all probability   
before you were married1 you thought if 
you only had a wife you would be        
contented and happy4 ,you got the wife1 
and now want something else4 ,and       
doubtless if you got that something     

else1 you would long for something more4
 ,don't you think that this fact of our 
spiritual nature points to the strong   
probability of there being a future     
state8 ,this is an argument apart from  
the ,scriptures4 ,this thought in       
passing4444  ,srinagar1 #eth ,october1  
#ahfh4-,,my ,,dear ,,mother1-,long ere  
now you will have got my letter1 in     
which ,i tell you that although the     
,church ,missionary ,society in         
,salisbury ,square1 ,london1 have most  
generously granted me permission to     
visit home this cold season1 instead of 
next winter1 according to agreement1 ,i 
have after much thought and prayer1     
decided on not going home till the close
 of next year1 as was previously        
arranged4444 ,i am busy collecting      
materials to make a ,dictionary of the  
,kashmiri language1 of which there is   
not one4 ,i hope when ,i come home1 to  
employ part of my time in having it     
published4444 ,then again1 dearest      
mother1 one or two natives are in a very

 promising religious condition4 ,i      
should like to be with them a little    
longer before making a considerable     
break in my visits to the valley4444 ,i 
feel greatly drawn to this unfortunate  
country and people4 ,the power of       
sympathy and kind deeds has very greatly
 melted their prejudice1 bigotry1 and   
ill will1 and gained for the precious   
,gospel a patient and dispassionate     
hearing4 ,the people generally now      
consider me their friend1 and it would  
do your old heart good1 and lift it up  
in warm gratitude to ,god1 to hear the  
poor people praying for blessings on the
 head of your dear ,willie4 ,this is all
 ,god's doing1 for ,he alone has given  
me a heart willing and capable to       
sympathise with these poor people1 and  
to help them in their distress4 ,i know 
that my presence here has some influence
 for good on the heartless1 bigoted1 and
 tyrannical government which rules over 
this most beautiful country4 ,pray much 
for us1 dearest mother4  ,a few days    

before closing the dispensary1 ,dr4     
,elmslie wrote a long letter to ,mrs4   
,lake1 from which the following passages
 are taken3-  ,srinagar1 #abth ,october1
 #ahfh4-;,i fear medical missions are   
not likely soon to spread in the        
,punjaub1 or1 indeed1 anywhere else4    
,men and money are so scarce4 ,you will 
be sorry to learn that nothing has1 as  
yet1 been done with respect to the      
training of native medical missionaries4
 ,i refer to the ,lahore ,medical       
,missionary ,training ,institution4 ,i  
think the friends of this most needful  
and feasible scheme are waiting to see  
the good people of the ,north-,west     
carry out their intention of setting on 
foot such an ,institution4 ,i think this
 delay is a pity1 because their success 
is not likely to benefit the ,punjaub4  
,they will have enough to do to supply  
home1 not to speak of exporting4 ,and ,i
 fear1 even if the ,institution of the  
,north-,west prove a success1 that we in
 the ,punjaub shall not be able to      

prevail upon our ,punjaubi converts to  
go all the way to ,agra or ,allahabad   
for their medical education4 ,besides1  
in my opinion1 this is altogether       
unnecessary1 seeing we have a good      
,medical ,school in ,lahore4  ,you and  
,colonel ,lake will be happy to learn   
that this year1 so far as medicine and  
surgery are concerned1 has been very    
successful1-indeed1 the most successful 
year the mission has yet seen4 ,from the
 #hth ,may last till the #abth ,october1
 to-day1 a period of five months and    
four days1 #dafa individual patients    
have received medical and surgical aid  
at the ,mission ,dispensary4 ,all these 
persons have heard the gospel1 more or  
less1 and many of them have obtained    
books4 ,many of these people come very  
considerable distances4 ,we have had    
several merchants from the interior of  
,asia as patients4 ,some of these have  
seen the ,russians4 ,but nearly the     
whole of the number are ,kashmiris1     
living in the valley or on the          

surrounding mountains4 ,those people are
 much less bigoted than formerly4 ,we   
can speak to them much more freely and  
plainly1 without fear of offending them1
 and a very large number of the         
inhabitants of the valley1 both high and
 low1 now look upon us as their friends1
 and1 in their difficulties and sorrows1
 come to us for advice and sympathy4    
,as to decided converts1 there is none  
this season4 ,one family is in a very   
hopeful condition1 as also my pundit4   
,they are nothing more than hopeful4    
,may ,god reveal ,himself in ,christ to 
them1 and influence their hearts with   
love to ,him1 for what ,he has done for 
them4  ,a little progress is being made 
in the valley4 ,the first school        
established in ,kashmir by the          
,maharajah has just been opened4 ,its   
history is the following4 ,the father of
 the family of which ,i have already    
spoken1 was particularly desirous that  
his two sons1 two very fine lads1 should
 learn a little ,english4 ,he asked me  

if ,i would teach them4 ,i said ,i had  
not time to do so1 for my medical and   
other duties2 but ,i would allow one of 
my assistants1 who knew a little        
,english1 to teach his sons4 ,one of the
 two lads has been very regular in his  
attendance1 and has made some progress4 
,a report of all this was carried to the
 ,diwan1 the ,maharajah's representative
 in the valley4 ,thereafter1 a vigorous 
effort was made to get the father to    
give up sending his son to the mission  
bungalow to learn ,english4 ,the effort 
failed1 however4 ,the father1 ,i must   
tell you1 is a ,pathan1 and is not so   
much afraid of the ,kashmir ,government 
as indigenous ,kashmiris generally are4 
,the ,maharajah1 in due time1 received a
 full account of all that was going on2 
and ,his ,highness1 after some time1    
gave orders for the opening of a school 
for the teaching of ,arabic1 and desired
 the ,diwan to try to prevail upon ,sher
 ,ali1 my ,pathan friend1 to desist from
 sending his sons to the ,doctor ,sahib 

to receive instruction in ,english4 ,in 
this effort1 ,i am happy to say1 the    
,diwan has failed4 ,the boys come daily 
to us4 ,this class for ,arabic1 got up  
primarily to decoy ,sher ,ali's sons    
away from us1 is the first ,government  
school the valley has seen during the   
reign of ,gulab ,sing and his son1 the  
present ,maharajah4 ,the class1 ,i am   
told1 is intended exclusively for the   
sons of those who may be called the     
nobility of ,kashmir4 ,it is a pity the 
language was not ,persian1 and the      
school intended for any who was willing 
to attend4 ,this is trying to boil the  
kettle from above4  ,the dispensary was 
closed on the #aith ,october1 and ,dr4  
,elmslie and his assistants returned to 
,amritsar4  ,shortly after his arrival  
in ,amritsar1 he had a pretty smart     
attack of fever1 to which he thus       
refers4  ,amritsar1 #bb;d ,december1    
#ahfh4-,,my ,,dear ,,mallett1-,i would  
have written to you before this time1   
had ,i not been in the sick list for the

 last three weeks4 ,i have had a very   
sharp blow of intermittent fever1 which 
has extracted all the pith out of me1   
besides running off with a good many    
pounds of my flesh4 ,however1 ,i am     
mending rapidly now1 and expect soon to 
be myself again-,i mean as to strength4 
,the less we are ourselves the better1  
dear ,mallett4 ,oh1 to be more          
,christ-like1 to have more of ,his wise1
 humble1 submissive1 loving mind4 ,the  
mind of ,christ6 ,what a treasure to    
have6 ,may our heavenly ,father         
graciously grant you and me more and    
more of it4444 ,i have put off my visit 
home for another year4 ,the parent      
,society 7,church ,missionary ,society7 
were most gracious in granting me leave 
to go home this cold season4 ,a whole   
year sooner than the time specified when
 ,i left ,england4 ,how is ,god's work  
prospering with you8 ,dear ,mallett1 let
 me wish you and ,mrs4 ,mallett a very  
happy ,christmas and ,new ,year4 ,if the
 dear ,saviour is present with you1 then

 assuredly ,christmas cannot but be     
happy4 ,for if we have everything else1 
and want ,jesus1 then the season is no  
,christmas1 but a worldly and sensual   
occasion4 ,may the ,master preside at   
,his own feast1 and make you ,his guests
 really happy4     ,,chapter ,,xv4      
,,wayside ,,ministries ,,and ,,work ,,in
 ,,kashmir4   ,the work of ,dr4 ,elmslie
 since he came to ,india1 has been      
detailed so fully1 that a brief notice  
of this his fifth year's labours may    
suffice4 ,in ,amritsar the dispensary   
was opened in the cold season as usual1 
and upwards of six hundred patients were
 treated1 surgically and medically4     
,when it was closed1 he again betook    
himself to ,srinagar to toil amongst his
 much loved ,kashmiris4  ,srinagar1 #gth
 ,may1 #ahfi4-,,my ,,dearest            
,,mother1-,just before departing from   
,lahore on the #adth ,april1 ,i wrote a 
brief letter to you1 telling you ,i was 
well and happy1 and was to start for    
,kashmir for the fifth time4 ,i am now1 

dearest mother1 able to tell you that   
our heavenly ,father has vouchsafed to  
me and the mission servants1 a safe     
journey over those lofty mountains that 
raise their snow-covered heads so       
proudly up to heaven4 ,last year1 or the
 year before1 ,i gave you some          
particulars respecting this interesting 
route4 ,you may remember that ,i        
mentioned that the road by which ,i have
 come to ,kashmir this year1 was the    
route followed by those splendid        
emperors who lived in ,delhi as their   
capital1 and ruled over nearly the whole
 of ,india4 ,all along the route there  
are remains-ruins-of their serais or    
rest-houses1 and right imperial those   
wayside inns must have been in the days 
of yore4 ,but the glory hath departed1  
and the imagination has now to people   
them with emperors and their queens and 
their gorgeous retinues4 ,you may       
remember too1 that ,i told you formerly 
that we have to cross two mountain      
passes that lie in our way4 ,the first  

one is called the ,pass of the ,ratan   
,pir1 which is some seven thousand feet 
above the level of the sea1 and is      
covered with the dark green pine and the
 beautiful rhododendron4 ,the other pass
 is that of the ,haji ,pir1 and is about
 seven thousand four hundred feet above 
the sea4 ,this pass is neither so       
beautiful nor so easy to cross1 for in  
ascending to it we had to make steps out
 of the snow that lay on its face4 ,and 
then on reaching the ridge1 mile upon   
mile of dazzling white snow lay before  
us4 ,it is impossible to do justice to  
the view4 ,it was one of surpassing     
grandeur1 purifying and elevating the   
soul to that glorious and almighty ,god1
 who by the word of ,his power had      
called this beauty and grandeur into    
existence4 ,one would think that the    
inhabitants of this lovely valley1 and  
those grand lofty mountains would be    
purified1 and have their devotional     
feelings raised to ,god their ,creator4 
,but sad to tell it is not so4 ,the     

extensive1 unsurpassed1 and varied      
beauty and grandeur with which they are 
ever surrounded1 falls upon them without
 effect1 as if they had no more soul    
than the beasts that perish4 ,if ,i     
remember rightly1 ,i sent you a         
photograph of the snowy ,haji ,pir      
,pass4 ,we reached ,srinagar on the     
#cjth ,april1 having been a fortnight on
 the march1 which1 as has been my wont1 
,i did on foot1 walking every inch of   
the way4 ,on the march1 at each halting 
place1 we gave notice that we should see
 all the sick who should come to us1 and
 prescribe for them4 ,this news soon    
brought us an interesting group of      
patients with their friends1 some of    
them as usual coming from great         
distances4 ,the ,gospel of life and love
 was then preached to those perishing   
ones4 ,some listened wonderingly1 others
 listened unbelievingly and             
unaffectedly4 ,but the message of life  
through ,jesus ,christ1 ,god's own dear 
and well-beloved ,son1 was preached1 and

 the seed of the ,word may have fallen  
into the rifts of some rocky hearts1 and
 may at some future time spring up and  
come to fruit to the praise and glory of
 ,god4 ,my work1 dearest mother1 is very
 much that of a sower4 ,i may never see 
much of the fruit of my labours4        
,blessed be ,god1 ,he has vouchsafed to 
let me see some1-some among my own      
countrymen1 and some among the heathen4 
,an officer in the army1 and one who is 
related to the highest authorities in   
,india1 has come all the way to ,kashmir
 to see me1 because he regards me as his
 spiritual father4 ,god blessed to his  
soul a discussion which ,i had with a   
gentleman1 one night at dinner1 two     
years ago4 ,what a glory it is to       
receive from ,god1 to be the means1 in  
the hands of the ,holy ,spirit1 of      
leading a sin-laden soul to ,jesus1 the 
,divine burden-bearer4 ,i tell you these
 things1 dearest mother1 to cheer and   
comfort you4 ,after considerable delay  
and trouble1 ,i got my dispensary into  

working order1 and began operations     
yesterday4 ,you will be happy to learn  
that the attendance yesterday was larger
 than it ever was before1 on the first  
day of the season4-,your own loving1 and
 dutiful son1 ,,willie4  ,journal1 #fth 
,may4-,to-day opened dispensary4 ,i1 and
 ,qadir ,bakhsh1 and the two dressers   
met in the dispensary1 and all kneeling 
down1 implored the blessing of that ,god
 whose servants we are4 ,i felt much    
affected1 and had my heart greatly drawn
 out in prayer4 ,i felt my joy and faith
 increased4 ,after thus placing         
ourselves and the work in ,god's hands1 
we went to the tent pitched on the lawn 
behind the mission bungalow1 and there  
were found sixteen patients with their  
friends assembled4 ,part of the ,sermon 
on the ,mount was read to the suffering 
and interesting little group1 who were  
seated on the velvety grass2 and        
briefly1 simply1 and practically        
explained to them4 ,the quiet and the   
attention of the little company were    

marked4 ,after the short address1 a     
brief prayer was offered up for the     
,divine blessing1 and this ended the    
religious exercises4 ,the medical and   
surgical part of the proceedings then   
began4 ,one of the patients present was 
the brother of the chief judge of the   
valley4  #ajth ,may4-,a large turn out  
of patients to-day4 ,began an hour      
earlier4 ,snow rapidly melting on the   
mountains4 ,have bread as good as       
,english every day4 ,had greens to-day  
to dinner4 ,no potatoes1 because too    
dear4 ,air fragrant with the odour of   
the ,iris4 ,the ,iris is generally found
 covering the graves of the             
,mussulmans-three kinds1 the white1 the 
purple1 the yellow4 ,i am greatly       
cheered by the remarkably unusual spirit
 of inquiry that prevails among the     
people1 both ,hindoos and ,mussulmans4  
,all day long some one is present1 with 
the catechist1 hearing him read and     
expound the ,gospel1 or discussing with 
him on the subject of religion4 ,never  

before have ,i seen such readiness to   
converse on religious subjects as this4 
,may the ,lord bring many to a saving   
knowledge of the truth as it is in      
,jesus4  #aath ,may4-,a large turn out  
of patients4 ,numbers important1 because
 more hear the ,gospel4 ,this afternoon 
there was a dense mist over the valley4 
#aeth ,may4-,heavy rain this morning1   
and in consequence1 a small number of   
patients present4 ,at ,kashmiri the most
 of the day4 ,the change in the people  
for the better is most remarkable4 ,god 
be praised4  #afth ,may4-,heavy work    
this morning1 from the large number of  
patients4 ,must take the women and the  
men on alternate days4 ,the pundits are 
greatly at a loss to account for my     
annual visit to the valley4 ,other      
doctors1 they say1 came to ,kashmir for 
one1 or at most perhaps two years2 they 
go away and are no more heard of1 but   
the ,daktar ,sahib comes every year4    
,this is wonderful4 ,at worship in      
forenoon and evening1 had my heart much 

drawn out in prayer4  #agth             
,may4-,astonished the people twice      
to-day1 by quoting two of their own     
proverbs correctly1 in their own        
language1 and appositely4 ,i must push  
on with my study of the ,kashmiri       
proverbs4  ,the following particulars   
are from ,dr4 ,e4's last report3-  ,it  
is greatly to be deplored that the      
,medical ,mission1 notwithstanding its  
charitable and beneficent character1    
still unavoidably labours under great   
difficulties1 from want of permanent and
 suitable hospital and dispensary       
buildings4  ,the patients who frequent  
the ,medical ,mission ,dispensary       
generally belong to the lower and middle
 classes4 ,but last season1 two of the  
higher officials of the valley1 who had 
been ill for some time1 and had spent   
considerable sums of money on their     
native hakims1 but were nothing         
bettered1 at last applied in their      
helplessness to the ,medical ,mission   
,dispensary1 and1 after taking          

appropriate remedies for a time1 were   
both restored to perfect health1 and as 
no fees are taken from dispensary       
patients1 they are held perpetual       
debtors to the mission4  ,from the #fth 
,may1 when the dispensary was opened1   
till the #beth of ,october1 #afi        
receptions for the sick were held1 and  
#c1ijb patients received surgical and   
medical treatment4 ,the average daily   
attendance of new patients was therefore
 twenty-three1 and as the number of     
individual visits paid during the season
 was #ae1egi1 the average daily         
attendance of old and new patients was  
ninety-three4 ,each patient1 on an      
average1 visited the dispensary four    
times4  ,in the evangelistic branch of  
the mission's operations1 much precious 
seed was sown4 ,god grant that it may   
not remain fruitless4 ,in no former     
season were demands for copies of the   
,holy ,scriptures1 and other religious  
books1 so numerous and importunate4 ,the
 works of the ,rev4 ,moulvie ,imad ud   

din1 of the ,amritsar ,mission1 were in 
especial request4 ,two ,mullahs or      
,mussulman priests1 who had heard of his
 well-known work1 the ',hidaiyat ul     
,musulmin1' came to the dispensary from 
a distant part of the surrounding       
mountains to obtain a copy4  ,the       
,sunday afternoon meetings with the     
beggars and incurably blind and lame of 
,srinagar were held regularly1 as in    
former seasons4 ,every ,sunday afternoon
 at one o'clock1 from sixty to eighty of
 those unfortunates assembled on the    
lawn behind the mission bungalow1 or    
near to the mission tents4  ,several    
,kashmiris were1 as far as man could    
see1 in a hopeful religious state2 but  
the character of the people1 and the    
government of the valley being what it  
is1 great caution must be exercised in  
forming a judgment from appearances for 
a short time4 ,however1 two male adults1
 of those who had been in the habit of  
frequenting the mission during the      
season1 declared themselves ,christians1

 and quitted the valley in the month of 
,november to go to the ,punjaub1 as it  
is impossible1 under present            
circumstances1 for a native ,christian  
to remain in ,kashmir during the winter 
months4  ,srinagar #bhth ,june1         
#ahfi4-;,,dear ,,mrs4 ,,thomson1-,yours 
of the #ast ,april last reached me all  
safe1 and received a hearty welcome4 ,i 
hope the trip to ,biarritz has          
completely established the doctor's     
health2 but soldiers must not think much
 about health1 but go and do what their 
captain commands1 leaving health1 and   
life1 and all things in ,god's hands4   
,it is very cheering to hear of recruits
 coming to fill up the gaps which are   
ever being made in the ranks4 ,when will
 this cry cease8-only when the native   
,christian ,church takes firm root in   
those lands whither ,christian ,europe  
and ,america are sending agents4 ,what a
 pity it is that many of those western  
recruits appear desirous of perpetuating
 the present needy and feeble state of  

the ,church in the ,east4 ,would that   
the natives of ,india1 ,china1 ,africa1 
and the islands of the sea1 were strong 
enough to carry on their ,christian war1
 unaided from without4 ,it is pleasing  
to know that the native ranks are being 
filled up with men of the right         
stamp-men of courage1 faith1 and holy   
zeal4 ,you have1 doubtless1 heard long  
ago of ,dr4 ,gray's death in            
,rajpootana4 ,how brief his career6 ,was
 not his death lonely6-lonely as to     
man-but ,jesus and the angels may have  
been in greater force for its human     
loneliness4 ,how inscrutable are ,god's 
dealings with ,his people6 ,the cry is  
for men1 and when the men come1 many of 
them are called hence before they have  
well begun their great work4 ,gideon did
 with his handful of men better than he 
would have done with his thousands4 ,so 
does ,god4 ,what a privilege it is to be
 among the number of ,god's chosen      
ones-,god's picked men4 ,may we be      
humble and thankful4  ,i am again busy  

at work in this fairest spot of ,god's  
earth4 ,after a very pleasant journey   
from ,amritsar1 over the ,himalayas1 ,i 
arrived here on the #cjth ,april last1  
and began work a few days after4 ,on the
 march to the valley1 we had some       
interesting work-partly medical1 and    
partly evangelistic4 ,the mission is    
becoming so well known in these         
mountainous regions1 that the poor      
people look out for our return in       
spring1 as they do for that of the      
swallow4 ,the people's knowledge of     
,christ1 and the plan of salvation1 is  
yearly growing4 ,i trust there is at    
least a leavening process going on in   
these mountains-a sowing of             
seed-precious seed-which1 when the      
fulness of time is come1 will bear much 
fruit4 ,the mission in the valley is    
gaining more and more influence1 and is 
being frequented by ever-increasing     
numbers of sick4 ,i am thankful that our
 numbers are increasing1 because the    
more bodily sick that come to us1 the   

more spiritually sick hear of the ,balm 
of ,gilead and the ,great ,physician4   
,during last month1 the number of       
individual patients was well on to a    
thousand4 ,i have just been writing my  
report of last year's work1 and ,i see  
that our numbers increased to #ajhe over
 what they had been in the previous most
 successful season as to numbers4 ,what 
a battle of faith and patience ,i have  
had to fight here1 dear ,mrs4 ,thomson4 
,but it is delightful to fight1 and to  
be like to win4 ,there are signs of     
softening in the opposition to the      
mission1 ,i am happy and thankful to    
say1 but ,i cannot speak definitely of  
them yet4 ,you will be happy to hear of 
another ,kashmiri being brought to      
,jesus4 ,lately ,i heard of an old      
woman-the mother-in-law of one of the   
native catechists who have accompanied  
me to the valley-having1 on her return  
to her distant village1 after a visit to
 the medical mission in ,srinagar1      
declared herself a ,christian1 and after

 some months having fallen asleep in    
,jesus4 ,this is the first ,kashmiri    
woman ,i have heard of to whom the ,word
 heard in the medical mission has been  
blessed4 ,her old son-in-law1 ,qadir    
,bakhsh1 who yearns over his            
fellow-countrymen1 and longs and prays  
for their salvation unceasingly1 is     
greatly delighted that his dear relative
 died in the faith of ,jesus4 ,i am     
writing this letter to you under a tent1
 on the shores of a beautiful lake1 near
 the city of ,srinagar4 ,what is the    
reason of this1 you will say4 ,well1 ,i 
will tell you4 ,twenty days ago it began
 to rain very heavily in the valley1 and
 this continued for twenty-six hours4   
,the consequence was that the river-,i  
believe the ancient ,hydaspes-rose high1
 and overflowed its banks1 and inundated
 the surrounding country4 ,the          
,europeans1 occupying the married       
quarters in the station here1 were      
obliged to quit their bungalows1 and    
seek for safety in their boats on the   

evening after the rain began to fall4   
,as the medical mission bungalow was    
situated on a higher level1 by dint of  
great exertions ,i was able1 with       
assistance1 to repel the advancing      
waters till the morning of the third day
 of the flood2 but on they steadily     
came1 and at last the embankment we had 
made gave way1 and in rushed the waters 
like a flood4 ,in a very short time my  
out-houses were washed away1 and ,i and 
my servants had enough to do to get to a
 boat with a few necessary things4 ,i am
 glad to say my house stood the angry   
assaults of the water1 and at some risk 
we rescued all the mission property from
 it4 ,the river rose fourteen feet above
 its ordinary level4 ,the valley1 as far
 as you could see1 was one extensive    
lake1 with its surface diversified with 
beautiful clumps of leafy trees4 ,the   
sight was one long to be remembered for 
its great beauty4 ,the loss sustained by
 the ,maharajah and the cultivators of  
the soil1 must be very considerable1 as 

the first crop of the year was about    
mature when the rain came4 ,the mission 
bungalow was greatly damaged by the     
water1 but it has been repaired1 and ,i 
hope to be able to return to it in a few
 days now4 ,i have been carrying on my  
work here as well as ,i can under       
present adverse circumstances4 ,i hope  
this calamity may turn out for the      
furtherance of the gospel in ,kashmir4  
,as to my coming home1 it is still      
uncertain when ,i shall leave ,india4   
,if it were not to see my dear mother1  
whose health has been very feeble for   
some months1 ,i don't think ,i should   
take advantage of the opportunity which 
,i shall have at the end of the year of 
visiting home1 for ,i am becoming more  
and more interested in my work and the  
people1 amongst whom ,god has seen fit  
to cast my lot4 ,however1 if ,i do come 
home1 to see you and the doctor1 and to 
tell each other how great things the    
,lord hath done for our souls1 will not 
be the least of our pleasures4  ,the    

very day ,dr4 ,elmslie penned these     
lines in ,srinagar his mother1 over and 
above her usual ailments1 was seized    
with congestion of the lungs1 which1    
acting on an enfeebled system1 carried  
her in a few days to her grave4  ,as    
,mrs4 ,elmslie fills a prominent place  
in this ,memoir1 it would be unseemly to
 let her pass away without a parting    
word4 ,her influence over her son for   
good was unquestionably very great1 and 
he loved and cherished her with the most
 intense affection4 ,for such a mother  
it would have rejoiced us to record an  
abundant entrance4 ,but that pleasure is
 denied us4 ,continued bodily infirmity 
seems to have weakened her naturally    
strong intellect1 and she inclined      
latterly to brood over her absent sons1 
rather than cultivate communion with a  
present ,saviour1 and this was not      
favourable to the life of ,god in her   
soul4 ,still1 when she approached her   
end1 there seemed a measure of sunshine 
on her path4 ,the medical attendant said

 to her1 ,i am sure no message you can  
leave behind you for your sons will be  
so acceptable as the assurance that you 
die with a strong hope of a blessed     
resurrection1 and that all is well with 
your soul4 ,she replied1 ,not a strong  
hope1 but with a hope1 and then she went
 on to quote several very appropriate   
promises out of the ,word of ,god4  ,in 
due course the news of her death reached
 ,dr4 ,elmslie1 and1 writing to his     
friend1 ,mr4 ,rodgers1 he says 7#agth   
,august #ahfi73-,you see1 my dear       
,rodgers1 that ,i am become one of the  
mourners4 ,my best and dearest friend on
 earth is dead-my mother4 ,you can more 
easily picture to yourself my intense   
grief than ,i can describe it to you4   
,since ,sabbath last1 ,i scarcely know  
what ,i have been about4 ,i have been   
doing my work1 but ,i have had no mind  
for it4 ,i was looking forward with     
great pleasure to my going home to see  
my dear mother1 and to gladden her aged 
heart with the sunshine of my presence  

and love4 ,but ,god had different things
 in store for her and me4 ,poor ,elmslie
 had not leisure to brood over his      
distresses1 for at this very time the   
surgeon of the station took it into his 
head to run away from ,srinagar1        
alleging1 as his reason for deserting   
his post1 the unhealthiness of the      
station6 ,this is extremely rich6 writes
 ,dr4 ,elmslie4 ,doctors1 ,i thought1   
were specially for such places6 ,the    
result of the doctor's cowardly         
desertion has been to increase my work  
very considerably1 and that1 too1 much  
against my will4  ,dr4 ,elmslie had for 
some time been giving his spare moments 
to a little work1 about which he thus   
writes to the ,rev4 ,e4 ,c4 ,stuart3-   
,srinagar1 #bdth ,september #ahfi4-,,my 
,,dear ,,friend1-,as ,i promised in my  
last letter to you1 ,i despatched by    
post two days ago a translation in      
,kashmiri of ,mr4 ,justice ,campbell's  
list of words and phrases for testing   
the radical affinities of languages4    

,will you kindly look over it1 and if   
you think it of any value1 will you send
 it to the editor of the ,asiatic       
,society's ,journal4 ,i have purposely  
made my translation full on one or two  
points-fuller1 perhaps1 than some may   
think necessary4 ,still1 that is an     
error on the safe side4 ,for example1 ,i
 have given1 under the head of phrases1 
several translations-some verbal        
translations-of the ,english with the   
,kashmiri government1 and others where  
the ,english meaning is expressed       
according to the idiom1 as well as the  
mere rules of ,kashmiri grammar4 ,i hope
 the little paper will be of some       
interest4 ,of this ,i am very sure1     
without any boasting1 that it is the    
most correct thing that has been written
 on the language of this interesting    
people4 ,the mistakes that have been    
made by those who have written on       
,kashmiri-and two or three persons have 
done so-are very amusing4 ,one          
gentleman1 for example1 has confounded  

the verb 'to be' with the termination of
 the plural4 ,he evidently did not see  
that his teacher gave him the verb 'to  
be' with the declension of the noun1 to 
point out its1 the noun's1 gender and   
number4 ,but enough on this head4       
,,chapter ,,xvi4  ,,the ,,training ,,of 
,,native ,,medical ,,missionaries4   ,it
 is now very generally believed1 by     
those interested in the extension of the
 ,redeemer's kingdom1 that1 if          
,heathendom is ever to be brought over  
to ,christ1 it must be by native agents4
 ,dr4 ,elmslie was fully convinced of   
this before he went to ,kashmir1 and his
 ,indian experience deepened the        
conviction4 ,he set himself1 therefore1 
to excogitate a plan whereby native     
medical missionaries might be trained on
 the spot4 ,he drew up a paper on the   
subject1 which embodies much thought and
 careful investigation1 and submitted it
 to the ,conference of the ,church      
,mission1 and also to the ,punjaub      
,medical ,missionary ,society4 ,the     

following1 without the introductory     
sentences1 is ,dr4 ,elmslie's paper3-   
,it may interest this ,conference to    
know that1 during the past year1 ,i have
 been asked to aid in establishing a    
medical mission at no fewer than eight  
different stations in this extensive    
province4444 ,to obtain1 at present1    
,european medical missionaries for these
 numerous stations in the ,punjaub being
 all but hopeless1 it behoves us to look
 around and see whether or not we       
cannot1 from the material which we      
already possess1 supply1 in a great     
measure at least1 our wants in this     
respect4  ,no one1 even for a moment1   
will maintain that a native agent is1 in
 all points1 equal to a ,european one2  
but every one will readily admit that1  
as to command of the vernacular1 and an 
intimate acquaintance with the manners1 
customs1 and modes of thought of the    
inhabitants of this colossal ,empire1   
the former is greatly superior to the   
latter4 ,what1 therefore1 is lost in one

 way is gained in another2 and while we 
are1 on no account1 to slacken our      
efforts to import as many ,european     
agents as we can find1 and as the means 
at our command will allow1 it is        
manifestly wise and expedient on our    
part1 to do our very utmost to rear an  
efficient native medical mission agency4
  ,though the different missions in the 
,punjaub are young1 compared with those 
of ,bengal1 ,madras1 and ,bombay1       
nevertheless1 ,i am led to believe that1
 with comparative ease1 a little band of
 students1 in every way qualified as to 
head and heart1 could be mustered from  
among them4  ,since my arrival in       
,india1 ,i have heard more than one     
experienced missionary complain of the  
considerable difficulty met with in     
finding agreeable and suitable          
employment for their better gifted and  
educated converts4 ,if facilities were  
afforded to this class of native        
,christians to study medicine1 with the 
view of devoting themselves to          

missionary work in the capacity of      
doctors1 it is highly probable that this
 difficulty would1 in some measure at   
least1 be obviated1 and much direct     
,christian power and influence would be 
utilised and retained within the pale of
 the ,church1 which1 as things now are1 
is1 comparatively speaking1 lost to her2
 for1 ,i am given to understand1 that   
many of the young native ,christians of 
good parts enter ,government employ as  
writers1 c41 after quitting the higher  
mission schools and colleges1 and thus1 
of course1 their direct influence and   
help are1 to a great extent1 lost to the
 ,church4 ,this1 we think1 is more than 
she can at present afford4 ,she requires
 to husband her resources1 and turn them
 to the very best account4 ,but further1
 on this head1 in all probability1 and  
that at no very distant day1 there will 
be lucrative and influential openings in
 the large and prosperous cities of the 
,punjaub for private native physicians  
and surgeons1 who have been educated by 

,european teachers1 as we find to be the
 case in the other large cities of the  
,empire1-for example1 in ,calcutta1     
,bombay1 ,madras1 c42 and it is         
unquestionably most desirable that these
 openings1 when they do occur1 should be
 occupied by native ,christian men1     
whose example and influence will be on  
the side of ,christianity1 and not by   
heathens1 who will perpetuate and       
thicken the awful surrounding darkness4 
,with respect to the young medical      
missionary students1 it is imperatively 
incumbent on the ordained missionaries1 
in charge of the missions from which    
they are respectively sent1 to see well 
to it that they are really converted    
men1 so far as they are able to judge1  
and have1 more or less1 a desire to     
serve ,god in direct mission work4 ,next
 to this all-important and indispensable
 qualification1 ,i think the medical    
mission students1 before beginning their
 proper professional studies1 should    
possess a competent knowledge of the    

,english language1 and be well grounded 
in the ,hindu and ,mohammedan           
controversies1 so that1 when favourable 
opportunities present themselves to them
 in their intercourse with the people1  
they may be able1 in a clear1 quiet1 and
 affectionate manner1 to give a reason  
for the faith that is in them1 and to   
show the glaring errors and absurdities 
of ,hinduism1 and the religion of the   
false prophet4 ,that they may do this   
efficiently1 it is absolutely necessary 
for the students to be intimately       
acquainted with their ,bibles4  ,but1   
having found young men suitable1 so far 
as we can judge1 as to faith and mental 
attainments1 the next question that     
forces itself upon our notice for       
consideration is1 ,how are we to give   
these young men such a medical          
education1 as will be likely to command 
the respect and patronage of their      
bigoted and adverse fellow-countrymen8  
,at first sight1 this is a question     
which it is not easy to answer4         

,medicine1 both as a science and art1   
has of late years been so extended and  
developed in every branch1 that we hold 
it to be now utterly impossible for one 
man1 as formerly1 to teach it           
efficiently and comprehensively4 ,to do 
so requires a staff of able teachers1 an
 expensive apparatus1 and1 more or less1
 suitable accommodation1 all of which   
would entail such an enormous amount of 
expense1 as would put it completely out 
of our power to possess an              
establishment1 solely and exclusively1  
for medical mission purposes4 ,but1 most
 fortunately for the feasibility of our 
scheme1 such an establishment already   
exists1 and we need only to avail       
ourselves of its advantages1 to procure 
from it all that we can desire4  ,in the
 ,government ,medical ,college1 ,lahore1
 with its experienced and ,christian    
,principal1 ,dr4 ,scriven1 and his able 
colleagues1 we possess a medical school 
in every way suited to our present      
purpose4 ,so much regarding the medical 

mission students1 and how they are to   
receive a medical education that will   
really fit them for the very responsible
 duties of their profession4  ,but      
further1 with whom are the medical      
students to reside1 during their stay in
 the capital and attendance at college8 
,who is to be their helper1 counsellor1 
and true friend1 when they are far away 
from those who had previously been all  
that to them8 ,and who1 above all       
things1 is to cherish the missionary    
spirit in them1 and show them how to    
apply their medical and surgical        
knowledge and skill to the spread of the
 gospel8 ,it appears to me that no one  
is nearly so well qualified for this    
most important work as one who is       
himself performing the functions of the 
medical missionary4 ,in addition to the 
discharge of this duty1 the medical     
missionary would have ample time to     
carry on extensive medical mission work 
in ,lahore4 ,indeed1 for the proper and 
complete training of the medical        

missionary students1 it is              
unquestionably indispensable that he    
should do so4 ,as some difficulty may be
 experienced1 at least for some time1 in
 finding a suitable agent for this      
important post1 and as the necessary    
funds for carrying on this part of the  
present plan may not be realisable just 
now1 one of the ,american missionaries  
resident in ,lahore might be requested  
to allow the students to live in his    
compound1 and to take a friendly and    
,christian interest in them1 till a     
medical missionary arrives from home to 
assume the whole superintendence4  ,with
 reference to the extent of medical     
education which our students should     
receive1 ,i am of opinion that we should
 qualify them for becoming              
practitioners1 equal in attainments1 at 
least1 to the ,government sub-assistant 
surgeons4  ,that we may get and retain  
the very best of the young men belonging
 to the respective missions of the      
,punjaub1 it is necessary1 we think1 to 

hold out to them adequate inducements as
 to status and salary4 ,unless we do so1
 we are likely to get inferior men1 and1
 it is probable1 the whole scheme may   
thereby prove a failure4 ,it is to be   
hoped1 however1 that the ,punjaub       
,medical ,missionary ,society1          
especially1 will look to this point4  ,i
 am very happy to be able to inform this
 meeting1 that already some progress has
 been made in collecting funds to defray
 the necessary expenses of this scheme  
in its embryo beginnings4 ,dr4          
,henderson1 one of the ,professors of   
the ,lahore ,medical ,college1          
undertook1 at the commencement of last  
hot season1 to collect as much money as 
would be sufficient for three           
scholarships of twelve rupees each a    
month1 for one year4 ,i have little     
doubt that1 if suitable young men come  
forward1 we shall soon find ourselves in
 the possession of funds1 amply         
sufficient1 to defray the increased     
expenditure4 ,from the little ,i know of

 the ,punjaub1 ,i feel fully convinced1 
that our fellow-countrymen only require 
to have a really needful and feasible   
scheme presented to them1 to elicit     
their generous liberality4  ,such1 then1
 is a very brief and rough outline of   
the scheme ,i have to propose respecting
 medical missions in this province4 ,and
 ,i trust1 if it meet the approval of   
those now present1 we shall soon see at 
,lahore1 a little band of ,christian    
young men1 preparing themselves for this
 comparatively new and important sphere 
of ,christian usefulness4  ,the scheme  
was very cordially approved by the      
members of the ,conference1 and of the  
,p4 ,m4 ,m4 ,society1 and ,sir ,donald  
,m,leod also spoke warmly in its behalf4
  ,i have1 he said1 carefully read the  
paper1 drawn up by ,dr4 ,elmslie1 on the
 subject of training native ,christian  
youths for the duties of medical        
missionaries2 which paper was recently  
read by him at a ,conference of the     
,church ,missionary ,society1 held at   

,amritsar1 as well as before a meeting  
of the ,punjaub ,medical ,missionary    
,society4  ,i have long been convinced1 
that medical missions are eminently     
suitable and appropriate in the present 
circumstances of ,india1 and calculated1
 accordingly1 to prove of the very      
greatest value and importance here2 and 
as ,i have1 on many occasions1 recorded 
my opinion to this effect1 ,i need not  
enlarge on it in this place4  ,holding1 
then1 this opinion1 ,i highly approve of
 ,dr4 ,elmslie's proposal1 which ,i     
think likely1 if carried out1 to enable 
us to extend medical missions much more 
rapidly and widely than we can hope to  
do in any other way1 at the same time   
that it adds another most important and 
appropriate mode of employing and       
providing support for our native        
,christians1 to the very few which have1
 as yet1 suggested themselves2 thus     
helping largely towards the solution of 
one of the most difficult problems we   
have to solve1 in respect to the        

heterogeneous bodies of native          
,christians assembled1 under the        
existing system1 at our mission         
stations4  ,dr4 ,elmslie wished the     
native ,christians to be educated up to 
the standard of sub-assistant surgeon4  
,and ,i entirely agree with ,dr4        
,elmslie1 writes ,sir ,donald ,m,leod1  
in considering this to be a very        
essential point4  ,the reader will      
observe that ,dr4 ,elsmlie's paper      
altogether ignores the valuable services
 which1 as matter of fact1 have been    
rendered to the cause of medical        
missions1 by non-qualified ,christian   
natives in ,madagascar1 ,travancore1    
,madras1 and other places4 ,it is a     
valuable document1 notwithstanding1 and 
will doubtless get due attention when   
the subject of the training of native   
medical evangelists1 and native medical 
missionaries1 receives the comprehensive
 and exhaustive treatment which its     
importance merits4     ,,chapter ,,xvii4
  ,,female ,,medical ,,missionaries4    

,another subject of interest to ,dr4    
,elmslie1 and about which he wrote an   
able paper1 was ,female ,medical        
,missionaries4  ,this paper in extenso1 
may be found in the ,indian ,female     
,evangelist1 for ,january #ahgc4 ,the   
following abstract will indicate its    
value3-  #ast1 ,with the exception of   
the lowest classes1 the women of ,india 
are virtually prisoners in their own    
homes4  #b;d1 ,their physical1          
intellectual1 moral1 and religious      
condition is dark and deplorable4  #c;d1
 ,ameliorating influences1 to be        
effectual1 must be those which can enter
 the ,zenanas of ,india4  #dth1 ,in     
those parts of ,india where education is
 prized by the men1 the ,christian      
,zenana educationalist will generally be
 admitted4  #eth1 ,bengal1 and one or   
two other parts of ,india1 have shown a 
laudable readiness1 in accepting the    
invaluable boon of western science and  
learning4  #fth1 ,the ,mussulmans of    
,india have not1 as a body1 followed the

 good example of the ,bengalis and      
others1 in accepting and promoting      
,english ,education4  #gth1 ,the        
,mussulmans1 as a body1 are not well    
disposed towards the ,british rule in   
,india4  #hth1 ,their ,zenanas are      
generally closed against the ,european  
female missionary1 and1 where exceptions
 to the contrary are met with1 it is    
feared that they are explicable by the  
fact of the heads of the respective     
homes wishing to obtain favour with some
 missionary or ,government official for 
selfish ends4  #ith1 ,the ,government   
,medical ,dispensaries are not          
patronized by the females of ,india1 in 
any due proportion to their numbers and 
wants4  #ajth1 ,the women of ,india are 
lamentably destitute of proper medical  
aid4  #aath1 ,the hakims1 or native     
doctors of ,india1 know nothing of the  
diseases peculiar to women1 and are     
seldom consulted in such cases4  #abth1 
,the native nurses or midwives1 who are 
virtually the only doctors of the women 

of ,india1 are grossly ignorant of their
 work1 very meddlesome in the discharge 
of their duties1 and of most immoral    
character4  #acth1 ,from the            
constitution of social life in ,india1  
neither ,european nor native gentlemen  
can exert a direct influence for good on
 the female portion of the community4   
,these are some of the points which we  
have already touched1 and the question  
now arises1 ,is there no other key but  
that of education with which to open the
 door to the inner social life of       
,india8 ,we think there is certainly one
 other such key1 and that key is female 
medical missions4 ,but what is meant by 
the phrase1 female medical missions8  ,a
 female medical mission may be defined  
to be the practice of medicine by a     
lady1 for the purpose not merely of     
curing1 but of ,christianizing her      
patients4 ,now1 it is not difficult to  
see1 from what has been already said1   
how admirably suited such an agency is  
to the present condition and wants of   

the women of ,india4 ,this is a key     
which may be said to fit every lock1 for
 we believe1 that there are few1 if any1
 homes into which the lady medical      
missionary would not be heartily        
welcomed and blessed for her humane     
efforts4 ,she would find an entrance    
where the educational missionary would  
find the door closed4 ,she would soften 
bigotry1 remove prejudice1 dispel       
ignorance1 drive away gloom1 and        
unobtrusively1 but nevertheless         
effectually1 deposit the all-pervading  
leaven of the ,gospel in numberless     
hearts and homes4  ,but are we justified
 by ,scripture in employing such an     
agency in missionary operations8 ,no one
 who1 even cursorily1 reads the life of 
our ,divine ,saviour1 as contained in   
the four ,gospels1 can have any doubt on
 this question4 ,for of what was ,his   
blessed life made up1 after ,he entered 
upon ,his ministry1 but of holy lessons 
and miracles of healing1 by which the   
loving spirit and divine origin of ,his 

mission were incontestably proved8 ,the 
friends of female medical missions to   
,india must be prepared to meet with no 
inconsiderable amount of opposition1 on 
conventional grounds1 in their efforts  
to promote this undertaking4 ,but1 it   
may be a comfort to them to remember1   
that no effort of a new shape1 to       
ameliorate the condition of mankind1 and
 to spread the ,gospel1 ever met at     
first with anything but the most bitter 
and determined opposition1 and that1 too
 often1 from those of whom better things
 might have been expected4  ,a few words
 respecting the agents1 and the         
professional training which should fit  
them for the efficient discharge of     
their important duties1 seem necessary4 
,they must be blessed1 writes ,dr4      
,elmslie1 with hearty devotion to the   
,saviour's service1 and with a sound    
head and loving heart4 ,the question    
how1 and when1 these agents may be      
trained1 is gradually approaching       
solution1 but not in mixed classes4     

,mixed classes cannot be condemned in   
too severe language1 says ,dr4 ,elmslie4
 ,it is well to remember that there are 
two grades in this class of workers1 as 
amongst male medical missionaries-the   
qualified and the non-qualified4 ,if the
 lady is to be located in a sphere where
 she can fall back on the counsel and   
support of the ordinary doctor1 like the
 nurses in ,madagascar1 she may be      
fitted for her duties in twelve months2 
but if she must labour alone1 with no   
one to aid in emergencies1 she must be  
more thoroughly equipped4 ,dr4 ,elmslie 
concludes his paper thus3-  ,india is   
not now an entire stranger to female    
medical missions4 ,in the provinces of  
,northern ,india female medical         
missionaries are already at work1       
lessening pain1 saving life1 and        
training native ,christian women for the
 same end4 ,one lady medical missionary 
writes3 ',we are always treated with    
much respect in the ,zenanas1 and are   
called upon by all classes of natives4  

,many of our patients are among the     
better class of native ladies4' ,another
 lady medical missionary has more work  
in the best families where she is       
located than she can overtake1 and that1
 too1 although she has let it be well   
known that she is a ,christian          
missionary1 anxious to do all the good  
she can to the souls as well as the     
bodies of her patients4  ,in conclusion1
 if ,florence ,nightingale1 a thorough  
,english lady1-being all that that term 
implies1-left home and friends1 and went
 to ,scutari out of philanthropy1 to    
nurse and doctor ,england's wounded and 
dying soldiers1 surely other ladies1 who
 have it in their power1 should see no  
insuperable objections or difficulties  
in giving up home and going to ,india1  
to nurse and doctor their needy and     
suffering sisters for ,christ's sake4   
,at any rate1 ,india needs female       
medical missionaries4 ,india will       
welcome them1 ,india will bless them for
 their work2 and many homes1 now dark1  

will be lighted up1 through their       
labours1 with the knowledge of ,him who 
is the ,light of the world4  ,surely it 
is a thing incredible1 that1 among the  
many ,christian daughters of ,england1  
there are none brave and noble-minded   
enough to undertake this work1 which1 of
 all works1 most resembles that of the  
great ,master ,himself1 who1 'though ,he
 was rich1 yet for our sakes became     
poor1 that we through ,his poverty might
 become rich2' and of whom it is        
written1 ',jesus went about all         
,galilee1 teaching in their synagogues1 
and preaching the gospel of the kingdom1
 and healing all manner of sickness and 
all manner of disease among the people4'
 ,i have given you an example1 that ye  
should do as ,i have done to you4       
,,chapter ,,xviii4  ,,home ,,visit4     
,the death of ,dr4 ,elmslie's mother1   
which took place #fth ,july1 #ahfi1 was 
a heavy blow to him4 ,the severity of   
such a trial is measured by the place   
the departed holds in our thoughts2 and 

next to his ,saviour1 ,dr4 ,elmslie     
loved his mother1 and lived for her4 ,in
 his letters1 and often subsequently in 
conversation1 he spoke mournfully of his
 great loss1 remarking1 that by her     
removal his greatest attraction to home 
was gone4 ,but his stipulated time of   
service had expired2 he needed rest2 and
 other considerations made it important 
he should return to ,england4  ,at      
,bombay1 on his way to this country1 in 
the early days of #ahgj1 he spent a     
fortnight with his former fellow-student
 ,dr4 ,young4 ,we had many conversations
 about our spheres of labour1 writes    
,dr4 ,young1 and he mentioned1 as one of
 the greatest difficulties he had to    
contend with1 the careless way in which 
the ,europeans lived before the natives1
 especially in regard to the keeping of 
the ,sabbath1 adding1 ,i have never     
tasted wine1 or any kind of             
7intoxicating7 drink since leaving      
,scotland1 that ,i might not be a       
stumbling-block to the ,kashmiris2 and  

for the same reason1 ,i never opened a  
home letter on the ,lord's day except   
once1 when my dear mother was very ill4 
,we cannot1 as missionaries1 live too   
strictly for our ,master4  ,hearty      
welcomes awaited ,dr4 ,elmslie in       
,britain4 ,one deserves especial notice4
 ,i can never forget1 writes a friend1  
how1 on ,dr4 ,elmslie's arrival in      
,england1 a father shook his hands1 as  
the tears started to his eyes on seeing 
him1 and how he could say no more than  
',you have saved my boy6' ,it was not   
his body only that ,dr4 ,elmslie was the
 means of saving1 during a dangerous    
illness1 but he had been the means of   
saving his soul4  ,in the spring1 he    
came to ,edinburgh1 and was cordially   
welcomed to our heart and home4 ,he     
stayed with us most of the summer1      
renewing in the city and neighbourhood  
former acquaintanceships and forming new
 ones4 ,as a token of filial gratitude1 
as he called it1 he undertook duty for  
us1 and sent us off to rusticate among  

the beauties of ,braemar4 ,dr4          
,elmslie's principal work at home was   
the preparation of a vocabulary of the  
,kashmiri language4 ,while busy putting 
the material together1 he consulted a   
gentleman who professed to take a deep  
interest in ,kashmir4 ,to this friend he
 submitted a portion of his ,,mss41     
requesting his advice and aid in        
publication4 ,the reply was that nothing
 could be said till the opinion of a    
certain learned professor was obtained4 
,after a considerable time1 a letter was
 received1 which ,elmslie characterised 
as a regular damper1 intimating1 that   
another person had made an excellent    
contribution on the same subject to a   
,journal in ,calcutta1 and that ,dr4    
,elmslie might do worse than not to push
 the matter further at present4 ,he was 
vexed at the coldness of the letter2    
surprised1 but delighted to hear of     
another worker in the same field1 and   
once more wrote to his friend1 asking   
him if he could procure the name of the 

person referred to4 ,the professor took 
some trouble1 and found amongst his     
papers the contributor's designation1   
and it turned out that the paper had    
been written by ,dr4 ,elmslie himself4  
,the vocabulary was1 of course1         
proceeded with2 but it took much time1  
and he stuck so close to his task1 that 
he brought on a severe attack of liver1 
the effects of which he did not entirely
 shake off1 so long as he remained in   
this country4 ,in ,october #ahga1 he    
writes us from ,london1 ,i have been    
busy with my little book1 and to-day ,i 
saw the first page in print4 ,the       
printer has promised to push on with it 
to the utmost of his power4 ,next month 
he writes to ,dr4 ,farquhar1 ,you will  
be happy to learn that the small        
,kashmiri dictionary is making progress4
 ,we have got as far as ,s4 in the      
,english-,kashmiri part1 which comes    
first4 ,the work was not out of the     
hands of the publishers till ,dr4       
,elmslie had returned to ,india1 and a  

completed copy1 intended for him1       
reached ,amritsar the day after his     
death4 ,their works do follow them4     
,whatever seemed fitted to advance the  
cause of medical missions1 afforded     
pleasure to ,dr4 ,elmslie4 ,it is       
needless to say1 therefore1 that when a 
,convalescent ,home seemed likely to be 
realised1 as an adjunct to a medical    
mission1 through the generous kindness  
of a lady1 it awakened in him the       
liveliest interest4 ,the only           
out-standing difficulty was a suitable  
house2 and for this ,dr4 ,elmslie       
scanned the advertisements as carefully 
as if seeking a home for himself4 ,in   
the country three tenements advertised  
seemed worthy of examination1 and the   
writer and he fixed ,march #fth for an  
expedition to the country for that      
purpose4 ,it was interesting and        
encouraging1 in turning1 on the morning 
of the visit1 to ,daily ,light on the   
,daily ,path1 to find this verse1 ,the  
,lord your ,god went in the way before  

you1 to search you out a place to pitch 
your tents in4 ,the first house visited 
was ,st4 ,ann's ,mount1 ,polton1 which  
was so commodious1 and in every way so  
suitable1 it seemed as if built on      
purpose4 ,dr4 ,elmslie could not help   
recalling the morning's ,promise1 and in
 one of the empty rooms of the house he 
pleaded that the ,god who had guided1   
would grant possession1 and make the    
home a blessing to many destitute poor4 
,that delightful retreat1 which has now 
been open for four seasons1 is thus     
sweetly associated with our departed    
friend4  ,from the time his attention   
was first turned to medical missions1   
the ,scripture argument for them bulked 
largely in his mind2 but he always felt 
that the full significance of it had    
never been brought out1 and he longed to
 see some giant intellect take it up and
 give it the treatment it deserves4 ,in 
,august1 #ahga1 writes ,dr4 ,young1 when
 ,dr4 ,gauld and ,i with our families   
were living at ,braemar1 ,elmslie joined

 our party and remained ten days with   
us4 ,elmslie's heart was then full of   
the ,scriptural argument for medical    
missions1 and was anxious to see the    
subject fully opened up4 ,so much so1   
that on our return to ,edinburgh we sent
 a conjoint letter to the ,rev4 ,dr4 -- 
asking him to preach on the subject1 or 
write an article upon it for a ,review4 
,the ,rev4 doctor sent a kind and       
encouraging reply1 and asked various    
questions anent medical missions1 but   
the correspondence closed1 as both      
,elmslie and ,i were soon busied in     
preparations for going abroad4  ,during 
the greater part of ,dr4 ,elmslie's stay
 in this country1 his mind was a good   
deal unsettled respecting his future    
sphere4 ,his heart was in ,kashmir1 and 
his thorough knowledge of the language  
imposed obligations upon him that could 
not be lost sight of1 but the           
interruption of his work every year1    
just when it was getting into proper    
order1 tried him exceedingly4 ,he felt  

he was always going on without making   
progress4 ,he was so perplexed1 that he 
admits in a letter to ,dr4 ,farquhar1   
,my mind1 for a time1 was turned towards
 home4 ,during this period various      
appointments1 missionary and            
professional1 were placed within his    
reach4 ,he relinquished1 writes a       
friend1 the prospects of a practice that
 would have produced #ajjj a year4      
,writing to us of another sphere1 he    
says1 ,there are too many ornamental    
names in the list of members ,i fear4   
,it is a fine thing for a doctor to have
 his name on a committee for some       
,christian work4 ,it may tell favourably
 at the year's end4 -- said #bjj or #bej
 would be enough for salary4 ,i looked  
at him6 ,he could not live on that4 ,a  
third appointment was rather pressed    
upon him1 but learning that it was in   
the offer of another party1 he          
wrote3-7#beth ,april1 #ahga74444 ,as -- 
7naming the place7 is now under ,mr4    
--'s consideration1 it would be both    

premature on my part1 and not quite kind
 to him1 were ,i to entertain the       
proposal at present4 ,as his            
professional attainments were of a very 
high order1 he was urged to stand as a  
candidate for a vacant chair in one of  
our universities4 ,speaking of the      
subject1 one day1 he said1 jocularly1   
,it would swamp any university to let a 
medical missionary into one of its      
chairs1 for1 you know1 ',no man worth   
his salt would be a medical missionary6'
 ,he was content to forego academic     
honours1 to which he might justly have  
aspired1 and as a humble missionary to  
lay out all his attainments for the     
furtherance of that gospel that brought 
peace to his own soul4  ,at length his  
mind was set at rest4 ,writing to ,mrs4 
,b4 ,t4 7,london1 #beth ,november1      
#ahga7 he says1 ,at the end of last     
month ,i wrote a long letter to the     
committee of the ,church ,missionary    
,society1 giving them a full account of 
the great difficulties with which ,god's

 work in ,kashmir is at present beset4  
,i did this that they might not be      
ignorant of the true state of matters   
there1 and that they might have the     
materials on which to form a judgment as
 to the desirability of continuing the  
medical mission4444 ,the decision to    
which they came was that ,i should be   
sent back to ,kashmir1 to continue the  
work as before4 ,a future of no ordinary
 toil and trial is therefore before me1 
but ,i trust that ,he who sends me back 
will make ,his grace sufficient for me1 
and make me strong in ,his strength4 ,i 
rejoice at the prospect of undergoing   
trial in ,god's service4 ,this same     
month1 to ,mr4 ,wade1 he writes1 ,i am  
willing to return to ,kashmir4 ,the     
missionary life is the only one worth   
living4 ,it is the only one that can be 
called ,christ-like4444 ,my dear friend1
 ,i have had a terrible battle to fight 
with selfishness1 and the love of ease1 
and the fashion of this world that      
passeth away4 ,but ,i trust our heavenly

 ,father has enabled me to overcome in  
,his strength4 ,i return to ,india      
joyfully and thankfully to rough it in  
,god's work4 ,oh1 it must be terrible to
 become old1 and to look back upon a    
life spent for self1 in ease and        
comfort1 with little likeness to the    
life the dear ,saviour lived-and lived  
for us4  ,when one reads in his diary   
,dr4 ,elmslie's account of his          
missionary labours in ,india1 there     
seems wondrously little time left for   
anything else2 yet we have seen he      
contrived to gather materials for a     
dictionary1 and he also accumulated a   
large amount of matter for a            
comprehensive work on ,kashmir4 ,in the 
ensuing campaign he hoped to go somewhat
 thoroughly into the botany of the      
region4 ,for counsel1 how best to       
overtake this department1 he naturally  
turned to his friend ,dr4 ,cleghorn4    
,,my ,,dear ,,friend1-,my chief object  
in writing to you now1 is to inquire of 
you what a copy of ,wight's ',icones    

,plantarum ,indi ,orientalis' in good   
condition is worth2 also what should ,i 
give for a copy of ,royle's ,botany of  
the ,himalayas8 ,can you tell me where  
,i am likely to meet with works of that 
kind4  ,should ,i return to ,india1     
which ,i am now very likely to do about 
the end of ,january next1 ,i should like
 to do a little to the botany of those  
interesting and far-away regions4 ,i    
should feel extremely obliged to you for
 any hints as to how to proceed in the  
study of the botany of ,kashmir and the 
surrounding mountains2 also1 as to how  
to do with any specimens which ,i may   
collect1 and also as to any points of   
pre-eminent importance in ,flora of the 
valley and the neighbourhood4 ,i feel   
sure that ,i could not apply to one     
better qualified than yourself to give  
me directions as to how to proceed in   
the study of the ,himalayan ,flora4 ,dr4
 ,elmslie was permitted to do little    
amid the rich flora of the ,himalayas4  
,he was judged worthy of speedy         

promotion2 and was soon called to study 
a botanical system of far higher        
development than any to which ,linnaeus 
or ,de ,candolle has yet introduced us1 
in which the trees yield twelve manner  
of fruit every month1 and the leaves    
thereof are for the healing of the      
nations4  ,the more intimate friends of 
,dr4 ,elmslie1 were very anxious he     
should not return to ,india alone4 ,he  
was not sufficiently careful of his     
health1 and desirous for the            
preservation of his valuable life1 there
 was much prayer that ,god would give   
him a companion1 who1 loving ,jesus and 
,his service1 might be truly a helpmeet 
to him in his missionary labours1 and   
care for himself also1 that ,gaius-like1
 he might prosper and be in health even 
as his soul prospered4 ,on one point    
,dr4 ,elmslie was most particularly in  
earnest1 that if it should be the       
,lord's will that he be accompanied to  
,kashmir by a fellow worker1 she might  
be very manifestly a gift from ,god4    

,miss ,duncan1 daughter of the late     
,rev4 ,wallace ,duncan of ,peebles1 was 
given to ,dr4 ,elmslie in answer to     
earnest1 united1 and continued prayer4  
,the marriage took place #bc;d ,february
 #ahgb1 at ,eyre ,place1 ,edinburgh4    
,it would afford us peculiar            
satisfaction to give a detailed account 
of ,dr4 ,elmslie's proceedings during   
this home visit1 as he was much with us1
 and proved a blessing to us beyond what
 we can well record2 but this might lead
 to the consideration of interests that 
do not claim special notice here1 and   
divert attention from his great life    
work as a missionary of ,christ in      
,kashmir4     ,,chapter ,,xix4  ,,last  
,,year',s ,,work ,,in ,,kashmir4   ,dr4 
and ,mrs4 ,elmslie left ,edinburgh for  
,india on the #eth ,march4 ,in ,london  
they met loving friends and relatives1  
with whom they had sweet communion4     
,they went aboard the ,massilia on the  
#gth1 and that morning ,mrs4 ,elmslie1  
on turning to her book of daily texts1  

got a verse to which subsequent events  
gave a touching significance1 and which 
was not without impressiveness even at  
the time1-,thy ,,maker is thine husband4
  ,the passage1 on the whole1 was good4 
,writing to his mother-in-law1 ,dr4     
,elmslie says3-  ,bombay1 #fth          
,april4-,have at last got to the end of 
our voyage4 ,on looking back1 have much 
cause to be very thankful to ,god for   
the mercies that have attended it4 ,god 
permitted us both to do something for   
,himself4 ,we found ,dr4 ,bonar's kind  
and valuable gift of books of great     
service4 ,both ,m4 and ,i found our     
powers of playing chess of use in       
helping us to get to know some of our   
fellow-passengers4 ,since ,i began this 
sentence1 ,i have been to the city with 
a missionary friend1 and have seen      
to-day what ,i never had seen before4   
,if you were to try to guess1 ,i don't  
believe you would succeed in telling me 
what ,i have seen4 ,it was nothing more 
or less than an hospital-not for human  

beings1 but for the lower animals6 ,the 
invalids were a porcupine1 deer1        
monkeys1 goats1 sheep1 dogs1 horses1    
cows1 and oxen4 ,i saw some of the sick 
kine taking their medicine4 ,it is      
supported by a wealthy native merchant4 
,they got a cordial welcome back to     
,india4 ,you will not fail1 writes the  
,rev4 ,e4 ,stuart1 to convey this1 my   
hand-o'-write1 welcome to your dear     
wife1-a real hearty ,scotch grip of     
friendship4 ,i rejoice to hear of your  
so wisely doubling your usefulness4 ,we 
had the pleasure1 says ,mr4 ,clark1 of  
welcoming ,dr4 ,elmslie and his bride   
from ,england4 ,his step was even then  
7,april7 less elastic than usual1 but   
his warm affections were the same4  ,the
 following items of intelligence are    
culled from various letters from ,dr4   
and ,mrs4 ,elmslie1 addressed to        
relatives and others during their       
,indian campaign4 ,here is a glimpse of 
our friends1 en route3-  ,marching      
orders were-up at half-past four1       

breakfast at a quarter past five1 off at
 twenty minutes from six2 servants on   
before to have regular breakfast ready  
half way4 ,i reach first1 being carried 
in a dandy1 spread the carpet and       
table-cloth in a pleasant place1        
sometimes under pomegranate and rose    
trees1 sometimes by a waterfall4 ,then  
come the weary walkers1 and don't we    
make a hearty breakfast4 ,the rest of   
the way is the fatiguing part1 as the   
sun is up1 and the climbing and rough   
walking are trying4 ,we reach the next  
stage about half-past eleven1 have tea  
as soon as water can be got1 then rest1 
write1 or read till dinner at five2     
after which the doctor gathers the      
servants together1 and the sick who have
 come for advice4 ,it makes a           
picturesque group-about forty natives1  
all seated on the grass1 the old        
catechist arranging things1 the native  
medical assistant and his wife1 with the
 large khitta1 full of medicines1 and   
,mr4 ,wade in white costume1 leaning    

forward in his arm-chair1 reading and   
speaking with the people1 who always    
answer him1 sometimes with arguments1   
which he shows great tact in meeting1   
while the doctor prescribes4 ,he has met
 with some interesting cases2 one poor  
sufferer is to follow us to ,srinagar1  
as he requires a serious operation4 ,it 
was touching to see his old father      
weeping over him4 ,one woman1 with      
fever1 was brought on the back of her   
husband4 ,the twilight is short2 and1   
after the sick people leave1 we have a  
little chat1 then prayers1 and off to   
bed4  ,i confess ,i was rather horrified
 with the first specimen of a ,cashmere 
bungalow-nothing better than a large mud
 hut1 unfurnished1 and hardly plastered1
 and the floors so dirty that you felt  
ashamed of your boots after once        
crossing a floor4 ,the people are much  
finer looking1 and have more open       
countenances1 than the ,hindoos2 but it 
is marvellous to me that such           
nice-looking men and women can wear such

 garments4 ,they do not seem to know the
 use of soap and water-their blankets1  
which they wrap round them1 are         
perfectly brown1 and in many cases you  
cannot count their rags4  ,when we      
reached the spot from which we had the  
,pisgah view of ,kashmir-the vale       
itself-,i could but exclaim1 ',truly the
 half has not been told me4' ,it seemed 
to me a perfect paradise1 which should  
know nothing but peace and plenty1      
purity and joy4  ,after many            
difficulties we have at length got a    
house1 which1 though only a native one1 
is really very suitable1 being quite    
among the people4 ,we have1 therefore1  
gladly and very thankfully left off tent
 life for the present4 ,the house is    
entered from the river by a flight of   
steps1 which brings you into a wide     
archway4 ,our garden is large1 and full 
of the delicious ottar roses4 ,they are 
pink1 not very large1 but very rich in  
perfume4 ,i fancy they must refresh the 
patients very much1 so ,i don't grudge  

their gathering some as they wander     
about during the waiting time4 ,the     
doctor has real1 earnest1 hard work now4
 ,for the last fortnight the attendance 
has been daily increasing4 ,to-day there
 were nearly #agj patients4 ,it is quite
 too much1 for many of the poor things  
require serious operations4 ,the weather
 is very hot now1 too hot to go out1    
except in early morning or evening4 ,the
 poplar avenue is our favourite resort2 
it is quite near us1 and very shady and 
quiet2 for1 strange to say1 the river is
 more popular1 and the visitors may be  
seen sailing up and down in their       
gondolas1 just as they would drive in   
the ,london parks4  ,we rise at six1    
and1 after reading and prayer together1 
the doctor goes to work1 prays with his 
assistant1 arranges the waiting crowds  
of people1 and leaves the catechist to  
address them1 which he does very        
earnestly in ,kashmiri for about a      
quarter of an hour4 ,then the doctor    
examines patients till breakfast at ten1

 after which he goes down again to his  
people4 ,he has had to separate the men 
and women now1 taking one set to-day1   
and the other to-morrow1 and giving them
 medicines for two days1 as they        
increased to an unmanageable number2    
but1 even with that1 he has nearly #ij  
women on an average1 and double that    
number of men4 ,the operations are      
trying1 for he has the whole to do      
himself1 and he is often quite exhausted
 when he comes upstairs again about one4
  ,our work here1 ,i am thankful and    
glad to say1 writes ,dr4 ,elmslie1 is   
now in full play4 ,yesterday #afe       
patients were present4 ,many of the     
cases were grave surgical ones1 for the 
people have been waiting for me for two 
years4 ,they are being plied1 too1 with 
the glorious ,gospel of ,christ4 ,i have
 a dear native ,christian with me as an 
assistant1 who is deeply interested in  
his poor benighted countrymen1 for he is
 a ,kashmiri4 ,then my friend1 the ,rev4
 ,t4 ,r4 ,wade1 has been sent to the    

valley this year1 to strengthen my      
hands4 ,he1 too1 labours amongst the    
waiting patients all morning4 ,so1 as ,i
 said1 we are earnestly1 prayerfully1   
and hopefully at work4 ,i am thankful to
 say that the native authorities seem   
less hostile than formerly4 ,not that   
they are friendly1 and smile upon our   
work1-that we do not expect from        
heathens1-but1 so far as ,i have been   
able to ascertain1 they do not throw    
obstacles in the way of the sick coming 
to us4 ,that is a great thing1 and we   
are heartily thankful for it4 ,god1 too1
 has blessed us in our premises4 ,not   
that they are palatial1 but they are    
conveniently situated near the city1 so 
that no one is incommoded by our work4  
,dwelling-house1 dispensary1 operating  
theatre1 servants' rooms1 are all under 
one roof4 ,the crowds of the sick meet  
outside in a garden1 which we have1     
fortunately1 to the back4 ,in this fine 
weather there is matting below them1 and
 above them a canvas covering4 ,mrs4    

,elmslie1 writing at the close of the   
month's labours1 says1 ,he has just had 
to-day his #aajjth patient1 and finished
 his #gjth operation in a month4  ,the  
weather having broken1 rain fell in     
torrents1 such as only mountain         
countries know4 ,the river gradually    
rose higher and higher1 till the bank   
disappeared2 and1 on the opposite side1 
fields were covered4 ,when we went to   
church yesterday1 the doctor was very   
much afraid our house would be          
surrounded in a few hours4 ,the ,baboo  
sent boats round to all the ,europeans4 
,you may believe we were not very happy 
at the thought of having to live on the 
waters1 ,noah-like1 till the waters     
diminished1 and this we quite expected  
to have to do to-day4 ,the servants had 
to flit to the verandah1 the kitchen1 a 
hundred yards behind us1 being          
surrounded4 ,to our great joy and       
thankfulness 7this morning71 we found   
the sky clear1 the sun shining1 and the 
waters abating2 thus our fears have been

 disappointed4  ,august #abth4-,we had  
given up thinking of floods1 and only   
yesterday the doctor said to me how very
 thankful he felt for this blessing2    
however1 here we are to-day1 not very   
unlike ,noah4 ,this flood is caused by  
the melting of snow in the mountains1   
where there was a fresh fall last week2 
and it must have burst the embankment   
lower down1 for the whole of the large  
orchard1 where our house and all the    
,european's houses are1 is flooded4 ,the
 kitchen is several inches deep in      
water1 so that ,fakira1 his pots and    
pans1 have had to take refuge in ,mr4   
,wade's verandah4 ,how he means to      
convey dinner across the intervening    
waters ,i know not1 but he always       
manages well for himself1-specially when
 he knows he has made a mistake4 ,i     
suppose he prefers risking the dinner1  
and being at a little distance from     
,nana ,sahib's eyes and ears1 otherwise 
our own verandahs would have been more  
suitable4 ,three boats are in readiness 

to carry us off somewhere1 but1 as yet1 
,i don't know where4 ,i have packed my  
boxes1 and now am waiting till the      
doctor returns from the dispensary4     
,there is a great deal of sickness in   
the city4 ,the doctor is keeping        
decidedly better1 but he is still far   
from strong4 ,the house is now quite    
surrounded2 all looks calm and bright2  
but the great river comes rolling on4 ,i
 am a little concerned as to the fate of
 our dinner1 as there is now quite a    
lake between us and our factotum4 ,the  
boatmen and women keep wading about as  
if enjoying it immensely4 ,the doctor   
has just come back1 and is greatly      
dismayed at the state of things4 ,he    
sailed through the orchard right up to  
the back door4 ,we are thinking of going
 to the gardens1 as the ,baboo has got  
written permission for us from the      
,rajah to occupy one of the palaces4    
,dinner has come off very well1         
considering that it had to travel       
through the waters4  ,august            

#afth4-,notwithstanding the             
unceremonious way in which we were      
turned out of our house1 we are enjoying
 our place of refuge exceedingly2 and no
 wonder1 when you think it was made     
according to ,kashmiri ideas of         
,paradise4 ,some traditions of ,bible   
history1 lingering among them still1    
having suggested it to a king who lived1
 ,i believe1 about the time of our      
second ,charles4 ,there are two pleasure
 houses or pavilions on the gardens1 one
 close to the lake1 the other high up on
 a terrace of the mountain1 and almost  
hidden in the rich foliage of the chinar
 trees4 ,we chose the latter1 as we have
 learned to seek shade in this sunny    
land4 ,the way to it lies through       
orchards of pears1 quinces1 peaches1 c41
 on one hand1 and beautiful mown lawns  
on the other1 in the middle of which is 
an artificial bed of a stream4 ,the     
trees by the side of it are the grandest
 ,i ever saw4 ,some of their trunks have
 been hollowed out1 and inside three    

people can stand quite easily4 ,after   
mounting by terraces1 you reach the     
pavilion1 where we are to be found1     
looking very small in our crimson       
covered chairs1 in comparison to the    
lofty place in which we are4 ,it is an  
open hall1 #fj feet in breadth1 by #dj  
in length1 and the brilliantly covered  
roof is supported by sixteen pillars4   
,on either side are large rooms2 one    
wing occupied by ,mr4 ,wade1 the other  
by us1 while the pavilion itself is our 
dining and sitting room4 ,i am afraid   
you can hardly appreciate1 in a ,scotch 
autumn1 the luxury which we are enjoying
 so much4 ,the same stream of water     
which ,i mentioned before runs through  
the middle of the hall4 ,the mountain   
stream is caught1 and caused to rush    
down a fretted iron causeway into the   
prepared bed 7about #f feet wide71 and  
in it are innumerable fountains4 ,i     
count twenty-two between us and the     
zenana1 which 7,i am ashamed to say7 we 
use as a kitchen4 ,it flows through our 

hall1 casting spray all around1         
sparkling in the sunshine1 and then     
gushes down another causeway1 about #fj 
feet1 into an immense pond1 in which    
there are also many fountains1 and so   
on1 feeding many of these jets1 till it 
has descended all the terraces1 and     
mingled its waters with those of the    
beautiful lake4 ,this stream had been   
turned off by the villagers to water    
their rice fields2 but on our arrival   
the gardener brought it back1 and caused
 all the fountains to play4 ,the sound  
of its sweet murmur is very charming1   
and the sight of the jets1 each in some 
different form1 is delightful4 ,the     
trees have grown too luxuriantly1 and   
hide the lovely vistas of snowy         
mountains and of the lake1 but we see   
enough to be full of admiration4 ,we    
went up the mountain side this evening1 
and sat down under the shade of a       
vine-tree1 laden with grapes1 and       
watched the glorious setting sun4       
,august #aith4-,here we are in our own  

little house once more4 ,we came in to  
church on ,sabbath4 ,we think it so good
 of him to persevere when he 7,mr4 ,w47 
has had so little encouragement4 ,there 
were only six present4 ,it is very sad  
to find how little people attend to     
,christian duties here4  ,september4-,i 
have been finding out how very few real 
,christians there are in ,india1 and how
 very little even of outward regard for 
religion1 and this makes me feel very   
warmly to all who really are ,god's     
people4 ,we went to church yesterday1   
and hoped for an average congregation1  
as sixty ,europeans were said to be in  
,srinagar4 ,mr4 ,wade had prepared an   
address on ,medical ,missions1 and meant
 to ask for a collection on their       
behalf1 but none were there but         
ourselves4 ,after the service was begun1
 one gentleman made his appearance4 ,we 
often long much for a ,sunday at home4  
,however1 ,spurgeon preaches to us very 
well4 ,cholera has been raging in       
,srinagar1 but it is nearly gone now1   

and the visitors are beginning to return
 from ,gulmarg4 ,we had a pic-nic to the
 ,shalimar ,gardens last week1 taking   
all the medical assistants and pupils1  
c4 with us4 ,they appeared to enjoy     
themselves very much4 ,the climate here 
is liker that at home now4 ,kashmir is  
becoming very dear to me now4 ,i should 
like to remain here as long as there is 
work for me to do4 ,plenty of work there
 certainly is4 ,it is an untilled field1
 but the ,holy ,spirit will surely be   
granted to break up the fallow ground1  
and make the soil ready to receive the  
seed4 ,indeed1 we are very hopeful that 
something has been effected1 which time 
will reveal4 ,dear old ,qadir the       
catechist has been very much cheered by 
the number of inquirers this summer4 ,if
 we are allowed to remain here many will
 come forward1 but the fear of          
persecution without us keeps many back4 
,i suppose1 writes the doctor to ,mr4   
,duncan1 dearest ,m4 will have told you 
that our ,committee in ,calcutta have   

presented a petition to the             
,governor-,general1 begging of him to   
grant us permission to remain in        
,kashmir during the winter months4 ,if  
this petition is granted1 in all        
probability the good work will more     
rapidly prosper4 ,will you pray that all
 may be ordered of ,god for the best8   
,as for myself1 ,i have not been at all 
strong this summer4 ,the truth is that  
my work has been overwhelming4 ,indeed1 
the people have been waiting for me for 
two years to perform many operations4   
,medical mission work at home is very   
different from medical mission work     
abroad4 ,here in ,india you have to be a
 ,begbie1 ,spence1 and ,walker all in   
one1 while at home you merely nibble at 
medical and surgical work4 ,that makes a
 great difference4  ,of later date4 ,i  
am now nearly myself again1 thanks to   
,god's blessing on my dearest ,m4's     
tender and judicious nursing4 ,she has  
been the best of nurses1 just as if she 
had been under ,miss ,nightingale for   

years4  ,an answer has come to a        
telegram which ,i sent to ,simla1 where 
the ,governor-,general now is4 ,the     
answer is to the effect that ',dr4      
,elmslie is not allowed to remain this  
winter in ,srinagar4' ,now1 both ,m4 and
 ,i say truly1 ',the will of the ,lord  
be done1' but we mourn over this        
oppressed and perishing country4 ,it    
would have been for its good that we had
 been allowed to remain1 although it is 
doubtful if it would have been for our  
comfort and happiness1 for we should    
have been without ,european society of  
any kind1 and that would have made it   
very lonely for us for two or three     
months4 ,but we were heartily prepared  
to forego the pleasures of society for  
the sake of this poor country and its   
oppressed people4 ,however1 so far as we
 are concerned1 the ,lord has willed it 
otherwise4 ,we leave this matter in the 
,lord's hands4 ,he will work when ,his  
time comes4 ,we shall probably be       
commanded to leave the valley in a few  

days4 ,this has been a season of very   
hard work1 but the ,lord has graciously 
brought us in safety to its close4      
,since we began work in the dispensary  
at ,srinagar in the end of ,may last1   
over #cjjj patients1 suffering from all 
manner of diseases1 have received       
medical and surgical treatment          
gratuitously4 ,over #bjj of these       
patients have been operated on for      
surgical maladies1 and besides all these
 cases #chb cholera patients were       
treated at their own homes by the agents
 of the ,kashmir ,medical ,mission4     
,this merely gives the professional part
 of the season's work4 ,i have not been 
at all well since our arrival in        
,kashmir4 ,this has been caused by the  
severe nature of the work1 and the close
 application to it throughout the       
season1 and ,i am almost sure ,i shall  
begin to recruit as soon as we begin our
 tent life4     ,,chapter ,,xx4  ,,last 
,,journey ,,and ,,death4   ,it will be  
remembered that ,dr4 ,elmslie brought on

 a rather serious illness in ,edinburgh1
 by too close application to his desk1  
when preparing his vocabulary4 ,he had  
not fully recovered his wonted energy   
when he left this country for ,kashmir2 
but1 as he had been steadily improving1 
it was confidently believed that the sea
 voyage would completely re-establish   
his health4 ,on meeting him in ,india1  
,mr4 ,clark noticed that his step was   
not so elastic as formerly2 and1 on his 
way to ,srinagar1 ,mrs4 ,elmslie        
remarked1 especially at ,murree1 that   
,dr4 ,e4 was breathless and weak4 ,it   
has already appeared from the narrative 
that during the whole season he was not 
at all strong4 ,his work was            
overwhelming truly1 and to his own many 
duties were added the labours and       
anxieties connected with an outbreak of 
cholera4 ,he was saddened too by the    
heartlessness and tyranny of those in   
power1 and by the slanders of the       
,baboos1 to whom his life was a daily   
rebuke4 ,at the close of the season he  

was quite prostrate1 and instead of     
entering on a journey fitted to try even
 the robust1 he needed rest and nursing4
 ,but he was obliged to leave4 ,the     
detailed account of the sad journey     
written by ,mrs4 ,e4 is before us4 ,we  
trust we may be guided in making such a 
selection as shall satisfy his many     
loving friends1 without unduly obtruding
 on the sanctity of these sacred        
letters4 ,before starting1 ,dr4 ,e4 got 
a chill while waiting in a cold day in  
the fireless1 windowless chamber of a   
native gentleman4 ,next day he had to   
walk in the rain a long way to see a    
dying man4 ,this1 also1 was hurtful to  
him4 ,the day after they were cheered by
 the arrival of home letters4 ,the      
account of the ,perth ,conference by    
,miss -- was particularly interesting4  
,i said to him1 writes ,mrs4 ,e41 that  
much of the experience mentioned-the    
love for ,jesus and joy in ,him-was far 
beyond what ,i knew4 ,he drew me near to
 him1 and said1 ,why mourn6 ,let us ask 

and receive that our joy may be full1   
and he forthwith poured out his heart in
 prayer to ,god4 ,on ,sunday1 they took 
their last walk in ,srinagar1 but ,dr4  
,elmslie1 on reaching home1 was so      
exhausted he needed a little brandy4 ,in
 the evening at worship1 contrary to    
custom1 he chose the hymns1 selecting1  
,one is kind above all others1 and spoke
 afterwards very earnestly to the       
,pundits and ,moonshees present4 ,on    
,monday1 ,mrs4 ,e4 suggested that he    
should delay his journey1 but he longed 
to be off1 saying he would be better    
when fairly on the way4 ,as they sailed 
down the river1 crowds of people ran    
along the banks to pour out their thanks
 and say farewell4  ,leaving ,islamabad 
on the #beth1 ,dr4 ,e4 said1 cheerily1  
,i'm glad to tell you the liver is in   
better order to-day2 but the journey was
 fatiguing1 and he consented to take the
 dandy by turns with ,mrs4 ,e41 and so  
they reached ,mohumpoora4 ,next day we  
went together to see ,carrie 7the wife  

of one of his assistants7 and her       
newly-born infant1 lying in a shed4 ,so 
like the accounts of the babe at        
,bethlehem it seemed that we were both  
struck by it1 and went away speaking of 
,jesus in that low estate1-being rich1  
yet for our sakes becoming poor4 ,he    
insisted on my using the dandy1 but     
after a little ,i got out1 and sent it  
back for him4 ,he said1 on our meeting  
again1 ',i could not have walked another
 step4' ,the dandy men always trot1 so  
that it was to my great distress        
impossible to keep beside him4 ,on      
reaching ,shupeyon1 ,i found him lying  
on the bed in the wretched bungalow1 and
 he asked me to get a poultice at once4 
,various remedies were applied1 and he  
felt much relieved1 and wished the      
epistle to the ,philippians read to him4
 ,we read1 too1 ,mrs4 ,gordon's book on 
,work4 ,he was much interested in it1   
and then came the last chapter on ',for 
,ever4' ,he spoke about heaven2 about   
the joy of eternity being in knowing    

,jesus and being with ,him1-of his      
confidence that the emancipated1        
glorified spirit should still have work 
to do4 ,the night following the         
breathing was greatly oppressed and the 
palpitation of the heart very           
distressing4 ,that was my first warning1
 writes ,mrs4 ,e42 an awful night1 but  
he assured me still the liver was the   
member at fault4 ,after the use of      
appropriate remedies1 he got relief1 and
 slept comparatively well2 and next day 
was again on the march4 ,every march is 
sixteen miles1 and all are more or less 
dangerous and difficult4 ,indeed1 no one
 who has not crossed the ,pir ,panjal   
can have any idea of the awful          
precipices one has to climb1 the roads  
being mere cuttings1 hardly broad enough
 to walk upon1 along the sides of       
mountains rising sheer up to the height 
of #ab1jjj feet4 ,our next resting-place
 was ,haripur4 ,there he was tired1 but 
not breathless4 ,next day the march was 
nearly twenty miles up-up to the snows  

and ice4 ,we started at eight1 and did  
not reach the old bungalow near the     
height of the pass till nearly six      
o'clock4 ,my darling was very vexed     
about my walking all the way1 but ,i    
hardly felt tired1 so eagerly anxious ,i
 was about him1-the air1 too1 was       
bracing1 and ,i had slept well4 ,there  
we had a room1 where was a good         
fireplace1 and we kept up a glowing fire
 of logs4 ,he was very breathless again1
 and complained much of pain in the     
back4 ,suitable remedies were           
administered1 and ,mrs4 ,e4 sat up all  
night watching him and looking after the
 fire4 ,he awoke better1 and said it was
 only natural he should suffer from the 
great rarity of the air at such a height
 7#aa1ijj feet74 ,we went on next day   
over the snows4 ,he never walked now4   
,many1 many a time1 as ,i turned a      
corner1 and saw the bearers carrying him
 over the brink of such awful abysses1  
my heart stood still with horror1 and ,i
 could only cry to ,god to strengthen   

them4 ,once a man slipped his foot1 but 
mercifully the path was just at that    
place a little wider4 ,however1 it      
distressed us both very much1 for my    
darling was in a terribly nervous state1
 and such a perilous mode of travelling1
 over places where the missing of a foot
 must have caused death1 was a great1   
great trial4 ,sixteen miles brought us  
to ,poohiana1 and there ,william        
insisted on the bearers keeping a slow  
pace in case of losing sight of me1 as  
there were many tracks of bears1 and one
 large black one was quite near us4 ,at 
,poohiana the bungalow was a mere       
stable1 without windows or opening of   
any kind except the door4 ,he wakened   
breathless2 four pillows were not high  
enough1 and he lay on my shoulder and   
slept again4 ,he suffered more or less  
from diarrha all the way1 and next day  
was very weak4 ,we reached ,baramula on 
the first ,november1 and proposed       
resting over ,saturday and ,sabbath4    
,that was my second night of            

preparation4 ,i laid my hand on his     
heart1 the beating of which1 in         
irregular thumps1 seemed for a few      
minutes to be heard all through the     
tent4 ,those were dreary nights1 and in 
the tent we felt it cold and windy4 ,i  
fastened plaids and travelling rugs all 
round to keep out the wind4 ,the        
servants were tired1 and slept sound4   
,next day we came to ,rajaori4 ,he      
suffered from rheumatism very much1 but 
sent back the dandy for me several      
times1 and tried to walk1 for ,i was    
very tired4 ,here there was a           
dilapidated palace1 the only habitable  
room in which had neither door nor      
window1 but two great openings1 and it  
was agreed to try the tents4 ,a thunder 
storm drove them from the tent to seek  
shelter in the building2 a large        
straw-door was made1 and the wax-cloth  
covering of the bedding was placed over 
the window4 ,he slept pretty well1 but  
next day never offered to rise4 ,mrs4   
,e4 read to him chapter after chapter of

 the ,gospels4 ,he always said1 ,read   
some of ,jesus' words-,his own words4   
,mrs4 ,e4 remarked that ,god must have  
some great purpose in trying them so    
much4 ,yes1 he replied2 ,i know what ,he
 means to teach me4 ,i have sore need of
 patience4 ,mrs4 ,e4 said how gladly she
 would suffer for him1 but he looked at 
her with a strange wistful gaze1 and    
said1 ,ah1 but you can't be my ,simon1  
the ,cyrenian4 ,i must bear my own      
cross4 ,only eight days' journey        
further1 and then the crown4  ,one of   
the little beds was moved into the      
verandah of the old bungalow1 and there 
he lay for some hours on ,sabbath the   
#ith ,november4 ,when ,mrs4 ,e4 was     
reading aloud to him1 he interrupted    
her1 ,ah1 darling1 how little we        
remember that we have only one life6    
,surely we should use them very         
differently if we thought of that       
more-one life here-so much to be done1  
and so little accomplished4 ,he found it
 an easy position to kneel and lean     

forward1 and he would remain a long time
 in that position4 ,but again they must 
move on4 ,the dandy1 with pillows1 could
 be made pretty comfortable1 and he     
seemed easier when moving4 ,they held   
straight for ,goojerat4 ,every morning  
forty coolies gathered1 talking1        
shouting1 quarrelling over the luggage1 
c41 and nothing would induce them to be 
quiet4 ,the next march was very long to 
,nowshera1 and the bearers let the dandy
 fall one time4 ,the following night was
 a restless one1 and the supply of      
candles failed4 ,as ,mrs4 ,e4 was nearly
 exhausted with sorrow1 travelling1 and 
want of sleep1 ,dr4 ,elmslie insisted on
 her taking the dandy1 and sending it   
back for him4 ,the next was our last    
march1 a very long one1 very rough1 and 
the bearers were not good1 and somehow  
,i could not make the pillows suit the  
wearied frame4 ,how much of agony there 
was in this constant journeying to him  
in body1 and to me in spirit6 ,many a   
time ,i cried aloud1 and made the rocks 

and mountains echo with my sorrow1 when 
he was carried on out of sight and      
hearing4 ,when he reached the first     
stage1 his energies were all but at an  
end4 ,on arriving at ,bhimbar1 as the   
tent was not ready1 the bedding was laid
 on a charpae1 and he lay down4 ,how    
thankful ,i am1 said ,mrs4 ,e41 that we 
are safely here4 ,ah1 yes1 safely1 so   
far as our limbs are concerned-no broken
 legs or arms1 but ,i feel there is     
something wrong here1-and ,dr4 ,elmslie 
put his hand on his chest4 ,he was much 
worse4 ,after going to bed1 the pain    
became unbearable1 and he cried1 ,i     
cannot stand this pain and sleeplessness
 any longer6 ,a dose of morphia was     
administered1 and he got a little sleep4
 ,they were still thirty miles from     
,goojerat1 and it became an anxious     
question if he could ever reach it4 ,the
 dhoolie was made soft and              
comfortable1-they had scarcely started  
when he became very ill4 ,my bearers    
would not keep me alongside of his      

dhoolie1 and ,i used to leap from the   
dandy and fly to his side just to see   
him1 and then shocked1 terrified1 go    
back again1 feeling like ,hagar in the  
wilderness1 and crying to the ,lord to  
send help lest ,william should die4 ,a  
special messenger despatched to         
,goojerat brought the civil surgeon to  
the place where they rested for the     
night1 and he whispered hope4 ,as the   
doctor drove out1 he met ,mr4 ,perkins1 
the new commissioner for ,goojerat1 and 
handed him ,mrs4 ,e4's note1 so that    
when the sufferers reached the bungalow1
 ,mr4 and ,mrs4 ,perkins appeared1 and  
did everything that ,christian love and 
sympathy could suggest4 ,cheered by     
these friends of ,jesus1 with a doctor  
at hand1 and everything necessary for   
the invalid now easily procurable1 hope 
revived for a brief space1 but the      
disease steadily progressed1 and on the 
evening of the #ahth ,november1 ,dr4    
,elmslie quietly fell asleep in ,jesus4 
,i gazed once more1 writes ,mr4 ,clark1 

on his well-known features as he lay    
peaceably in his coffin4 ,there was an  
expression of repose on his face1-there 
was even a smile1 the smile of rest and 
victory2 and we laid him there to rest  
on the battlefield1 where the whole     
,punjaub had been won by ,english arms2 
and there he quietly sleeps awaiting the
 resurrection of the dead4  ,i ,,have   
,,fought ,a ,,good ,,fight1 ,i ,,have   
,,finished ,,my ,,course1 ,i ,,have     
,,kept ,,the ,,faith3 ,,henceforth      
,,there ,,is ,,laid ,,up ,,for ,,me ,a  
,,crown ,,of ,,righteousness ,,which    
,,the ,,lord1 ,,the ,,righteous ,,judge1
 ,,shall ,,give ,,me ,,at ,,that ,,day4 
,,chapter ,,xxi4  ,,conclusion4   ,the  
missionaries1 lately assembled in       
conference at ,allahabad1 writes the    
,editor1 ,indian ,medical ,gazette of   
,january #g1 #ahgc1 seemed unanimous in 
their belief regarding the advantages to
 be derived from the presence of medical
 missionaries in the country2 and we    
most certainly join in this opinion4    

,men1 like the late ,dr4 ,elmslie of    
,kashmir1 are indeed an ornament to any 
profession1 and1 independently of their 
missionary labour1 must influence for   
good any society into which they may    
cast their lot4 ,we most sincerely      
desire to see medical men of this stamp 
scattered over ,india2 we look upon them
 as being among the very best           
representatives of the ,english         
character-well educated1 liberal-minded 
individuals1 pursuing with earnestness  
the healing art1 not for the greed of   
gold1 but that they may spend and be    
spent in doing the work of their        
,master4  ,one could not long be with   
dear ,doctor ,elmslie1 writes ,mr4      
,wade1 without seeing how eminently he  
was fitted by nature and grace to be the
 pioneer of ,christianity in a heathen  
land4 ,his active habits called for     
strength of mind and body1 which were   
given in a great degree4 ,his faith and 
patience kept him labouring without     
despair or despondency in a good1 but   

most difficult work4 ,his great         
soundness of judgment1 and decision of  
character1 and firmness of purpose1 were
 of inestimable value in guiding the    
frail medical mission bark through all  
the stormy billows which threatened1    
time after time1 either to engulph it1  
or to strand it upon the shores of the  
,punjaub4 ,his prudence preserved him   
and the mission from many entanglements1
 yet1 when ,god's honour was concerned1 
nothing could keep him quiet2 and       
sometimes did he stir up wrath and make 
enemies by the bold way in which he     
rebuked vice4 ,his forethought was such 
that he often jokingly spoke of himself 
as 'a cautious ,scotchman'2 and ,i can  
bear testimony to his great and         
continued attachment to his friends4    
,with burning zeal and untiring devotion
 he laboured on in his ,master's work1  
and only his friends1 who were much with
 him1 knew how earnestly he prayed for  
those1 who by their unholy lives1 caused
 ,god's name to be blasphemed amongst   

the heathen2 and how his heart longed to
 see the light of truth and liberty     
adorn the beautiful valley of ,kashmir1-
    ',where every prospect pleases1     
,and only man is vile4'  ,with thought  
and tenderness for others he spared not 
himself4 ,when weak and wearied1 and    
others saw how necessary a little rest  
and change were1 to all the             
solicitations of his friends to leave   
,srinagar for only a short time1 he     
replied1 that nothing should induce him 
to leave the place whilst his poor      
people were suffering from cholera4 ,and
 as he loved and laboured for the       
people1 so they learned to trust and to 
love him in return4 ,some were punished 
and others threatened for coming to him1
 but come they would and did1 even from 
great distances4 ,one man1 whose        
blindness had been removed1 actually    
fell at his feet to worship him1 saying1
 he had given him sight1 and he would be
 his slave for ever2 and others spoke of
 him as an avatar 7incarnation of ,god7 

come to pity and heal them in their     
misery4 ,everything that was done was   
undertaken in a spirit of prayer4 ,every
 morning before the gospel was preached1
 or any medicines distributed1 the      
,christians were assembled to entreat   
,god to give ,his blessing1 and after   
the address had been given by the       
catechist to the assembled sick1 a      
prayer was offered again1 with all who  
would join of the multitude4  ,nor was  
it only the poor outcast ,indians he    
sought to benefit1 but his own          
country-folk of every rank to whom he   
had access in sickness or in health4    
,cases have been noted1 and here is just
 one more3-,in the year #ahfg1 in       
,kashmir1 writes a young officer1 ,dr4  
,elmslie spoke words to me which1       
through the blessing of the ,holy       
,ghost1 threw a flood of light on my    
dark soul1 and made me perceive the love
 of ,god in ,christ4 ',the blood of     
,jesus ,christ cleanseth us from all    
sin'3 ,these were the words blessed of  

,god to my conversion1 and ,i ought     
surely to love dear ,elmslie for the    
good that he was in ,god's hand the     
means of doing me4 ,for himself1 dear   
fellow1 ,i am comforted1 and feel him to
 be even nearer to me 7in ,england7 than
 he was when present in the body in     
,india4 ,you will1 perhaps1 wonder what 
,i mean by this1 but ,i mean simply that
 he is with ,jesus1 and it is only a    
narrow boundary-that of death-which     
separates the ,lord from them who are to
 be with ,him hereafter4  ,from the time
 of ,dr4 ,elmslie's first arrival1      
writes the ,rev4 ,mr4 ,clark1 we could  
not fail to notice his true missionary  
spirit1 which led him to give himself at
 once to the work for which he had come 
to ,india4 ,he began to acquire the     
language1 and quickly commenced his     
medical labours amongst the people4 ,he 
divided his time with great method and  
tact1 so as to make the most of every   
opportunity4 ,we quickly observed his   
great conscientiousness1 and the        

fidelity with which he engaged both in  
his professional and other duties4 ,his 
judgment was very good1 and it was at   
once seen that he was one who could be  
consulted in difficulties and           
emergencies1 as they arose4 ,he soon    
acquired influence1 not only amongst the
 natives1 but amongst his missionary    
brethren1 to whom he endeared himself by
 his gentle and loving spirit2 and his  
presence was ever felt to be an         
acquisition in our missionary           
conferences4 ,he was known to be a firm 
friend to everything that was good1 and 
a staunch opponent to error and evil1 in
 every form4 ,he could not 'bear that   
which was evil1' but boldly exposed it1 
and often in the strongest language     
denounced it4 ,above all1 we noticed his
 habitual tone of earnestness1 and      
genuine ,christian spirit of devotion1  
which continued with him in the midst of
 many occupations throughout the day4   
,continually did he renew his strength  
by communion with ,god1 through prayer  

and the study of ,his ,word2 for he knew
 that 7especially in this heathen       
atmosphere1 so lowering and antagonistic
 to the hidden life7 even daily duties  
eat out the missionary's strength and   
neutralize his efforts1 unless men      
hourly walk in the strength of that     
meat1 with which ,god feeds ,his people 
in this wilderness world4  ,but it is of
 ,amritsar1 and of ,dr4 ,elmslie's      
annual visit to my own mission1 that ,i 
would especially speak4 ,the natives    
looked forward to his visits with great 
expectation1 and both ,christians and   
heathen used to think much of his       
approach4 ,some had perhaps an operation
 to be performed2 others wished to      
consult him about their own health1 or  
that of their children4 ,all knew that  
in him they would find a sympathising   
friend4 ,he generally arrived without   
any announcement beforehand1 and        
appeared some morning almost            
unexpectedly in our midst2 for no       
letters could be despatched on the march

 to tell of his approach1 and when he   
emerged from the hills into ,english    
territory1 he travelled almost as fast  
as letters could come4 ,there was not   
one member of our native congregation   
who did not at once know when ,dr4      
,elmslie had arrived2 and there were few
 perhaps amongst the #ajjj boys and #cej
 girls in the mission schools who had   
not seen or heard of him4 ,the orphans  
in the orphanages felt the benefit of   
his presence2 and the poor who throng   
around the catechist or the missionary  
when they preach in the bazaars1 spoke  
of the ,doctor ,padre who had come to   
live amongst them for their good4 ,the  
rich also knew him1 and appreciated his 
labours1 for they once petitioned       
,government that he might be allowed to 
remain amongst them4 ,he had access to  
houses and families where the ,english  
cannot generally go2 and his kind1      
loving manner1 and his professional     
skill1 presented our missionary work to 
the people in altogether a new light4   

,it was sometimes difficult for them to 
see from our direct missionary labours  
that we really desired their welfare2   
for every now and then some young man   
from the schools1 or some parent from a 
happy home1 would sever themselves      
suddenly1 and in one moment1 from every 
past association3 when swords would     
pierce through breasts1 and the secret  
thoughts of hearts would be revealed4   
,such anguish was then caused1 such     
division amongst families1 such ruin of 
hopes1 that they sometimes terminated in
 death4 ,but the ,doctor ,sahib was1 at 
any rate1 the friend of the people4     
,though a ,christian and a missionary1  
he cured their ailments1 and set their  
broken bones4  ,from the very           
commencement of his labours in ,kashmir1
 ,dr4 ,elmslie ceased not to work and   
pray for the abrogation of the          
iniquitous law to whose operation he    
eventually fell a sacrifice4 ,he felt   
that the truly beneficent character of  
his services gave him a vantage ground  

from which to make his appeal4 ,it is   
touching to note that the law was       
abolished the very day after his death4 
,the ,rev4 ,mr4 ,wade writes thus on the
 subject from ,lahore 7,nov4            
#bgth74-,how mysterious ,god's ways     
often are1 the very object which ,dr4   
,e4 so much desired1 and laboured1 and  
prayed so much to obtain1 was thought by
 him to have been lost entirely2 but a  
letter1 dated the day after his death1  
was received by ,mrs4 ,elmslie1         
immediately on her arrival at ,lahore1  
granting permission to those who are not
 ,government servants to remain in      
,kashmir all the year4 ,it says1 ',his  
,excellency desires me to inform you    
that1 so far as the ,british ,government
 is concerned1 there are no objections  
to ,europeans1 who are not in the       
service of ,government1 proceeding to1  
or remaining in the territories of the  
,maharajah of ,kashmir at any time1 so  
long as they conduct themselves with    
propriety1 and submit to the laws of the

 country4' ,this is all that ,dr4       
,elmslie wanted4 ,the country is now    
open1 and missionaries may remain there 
the whole year4  ,but the doctor was not
 only largely instrumental in thus      
opening the door to that beautiful      
country1 but he has also provided a key 
to it1 in the shape of a valuable       
vocabulary of the ,kashmiri language4   
,this work occupied much of his time    
during the two years he was at home1 and
 no doubt he worked at it too           
assiduously4 ,strange it is that he was 
denied the pleasure of seeing this work 
in its completed state4 ,the ,dictionary
 had reached ,amritsar to await his     
arrival1-but he never arrived4          
,,extract ,,from ,,the ,,proceedings    
,,of ,,the ,,eleventh ,,conference ,,of 
,,the ,,church ,,mission ,,society      
,,missionaries ,,in ,,the               
,,punjaub1-#ahth ,december #ahgb4  ,,ii4
 ,proposed by ,mr4 ,clark1 and seconded 
by ,mr4 ,wade1 ,that this ,conference1  
whilst sorrowfully lamenting the removal

 from their midst of their dear brother 
and fellow-labourer1 ,dr4 ,elmslie1 by  
an early death1 desire to bow with      
reverence and resignation before the    
mysterious ,providence which has called 
him away from his important missionary  
work in ,kashmir1 at the very moment    
when1 for the first time in its history1
 it has become completely opened to     
missionary effort4  ,that this          
,conference desire to bear testimony to 
the devotion and singleness of purpose  
with which the beloved brother1 for a   
series of years1 carried on his work    
with great ability and success1 to the  
alleviation of sickness and sorrow      
amongst the people1 as well as to the   
making known of the gospel of ,christ4  
,that they desire also to express their 
sincere sympathy with ,mrs4 ,elmslie1   
who has thus been called to pass through
 such deep affliction at so early a     
period in her missionary life2 and in   
the event of her remaining to engage in 
missionary work amongst the females of  

this country1 they assure her1 as a     
,conference1 of a hearty welcome1 and   
all such help as they are able to give4 
,that this ,conference request their    
secretary to write to the ,home         
,committee of the ,church ,missionary   
,society to urge the ,church ,missionary
 ,society to maintain the ,kashmir      
,mission in full efficiency1 believing  
that the opening up of that country in  
answer to prayer is a sign that ,god has
 purposes of mercy to that unhappy land4
 ,and they pray that ,god will raise up 
other labourers of like spirit to him   
whose death they now mourn1 to carry on 
this work1 which is one of no ordinary  
difficulty1 and not unattended with     
danger4  ,carried nem4 con4-,signed and 
certified by  ,t4 ,i4 ,,hughes1         
,secretary4   ,amritsar1 ,january       
#ahgc4-,,madam1-,while all the friends  
of ,indian ,missions are bewailing with 
one heart the sudden and untimely death 
of ,dr4 ,elmslie1 we1 who were so       
intimately connected with him1 would be 

sadly wanting in our duty if we failed  
to give vent1 however feebly1 to our    
grief at his death2 and to our sincere  
sympathy with you1 who have been so     
nearly touched by this mysterious       
providence of ,god4 ,we have1 of all    
people1 to mourn most this loss1 though 
,dr4 ,elmslie came originally as a      
missionary for ,kashmir1 yet the        
peculiar political state of that country
 rendered it necessary for him to live  
in this city for six months in the year4
 ,how usefully he was employed during   
that time is known only to the natives  
of this place1 who crowded to his       
dispensary to be cured of their         
diseases4 ,he was a very good physician1
 and was eminently successful in eye    
operations4 ,many waited for his return 
from ,kashmir for operations to be      
performed1 and great numbers of this    
city owe the present enjoyment of their 
eyesight to him4 ,he was particularly   
kind to us4 ,he was our doctor1         
counsellor1 and friend4 ,we therefore   

wish to express our heartfelt sorrow1   
and to convey to you our sincere        
sympathy with you in your affliction2   
and may ,god think upon you for good1   
according to all that your beloved      
husband has done for us4  ,we have heard
 that there is some probability of your 
remaining in ,amritsar to carry on the  
great missionary work with which ,dr4   
,elmslie was connected4 ,may we be      
allowed to express our hope that you may
 remain here4 ,we would even venture to 
ask you to remain1 if this is not       
impossible1 in the sure belief that it  
will be for our great good1 and for that
 of many women and children in this     
country4 ,we shall not forget to pray   
that ,god may direct your steps to      
remain amongst us if this be ,his will4 
-,we remain1 ,madam1 yours very         
faithfully1 7then follow thirty-four    
names in native characters74-,to ,mrs4  
,elmslie4   ,,elmslie ,,hospital ,,and  
,,dispensary4  ,at a ,conference of     
missionaries of the ,church ,missionary 

,society in the ,punjaub1 held at       
,amritsar in ,december #ahgb1 a wish was
 expressed that the love and esteem in  
which ,dr4 ,elmslie was universally held
 might find expression in some lasting  
memorial4 ,it was proposed1 and         
unanimously agreed1 that such a memorial
 should be raised in connection with the
 cause which he had so much at heart1   
and in whose service he died4 ,the ,lord
 ,bishop of ,calcutta has suggested that
 an endeavour should be made to         
establish in ,srinagar1 the capital of  
,kashmir1 an ',elmslie ,hospital and    
,dispensary1' through which the name of 
,william ,elmslie1 endeared as it is to 
the present generation of ,kashmiris1   
may be permanently associated with the  
great work which he has been            
instrumental in beginning4    ,,the     
,,memory ,,of ,,the ,,just ,,is         
,,blessed4   ,,the ,,end4   ,,duncan    
,,grant ,,and ,,company1 ,,printers1    
,,edinburgh4     ,june1 #ahgd4  ,a      
,,selection ,,from ,,james ,,nisbet     

,,and ,,co4',s ,,catalogue4   ,,the     
,,words ,,of ,,christ1 and other        
,sermons4 ,by the ,rev4 ,r4 ,,allen1    
,m4,a4 of ,gypsy ,hill4 ,crown #hvo1    
#es41 cloth4   ,,christ ,,and ,,the     
,,church4 ,sermons on the ,apostolic    
,commission4 7,matt4 xxviii4 #ah-bj47   
,by the ,rev4 ,,adolph ,,saphir1 ,b4,a4 
,crown #hvo1 #fs41 cloth4   ,,select    
,,remains ,,of ,,islay ,,burns1 ,d4,d41 
of the ,free ,church ,college1 ,glasgow4
 ,edited by the ,rev4 ,,james ,c4       
,,burns4 ,with ,memoir by the ,rev4     
,professor ,,blaikie1 ,d4,d4 ,post #hvo1
 #gs4 #f;d4 cloth4   ,a ,,commentary    
,,on ,,the ,,proverbs2 ,with a ,new     
,translation1 and with some of the      
,original ,expositions re-examined in a 
,classified ,list4 ,by ,professor ,,john
 ,,miller1 ,princeton4 ,demy #hvo1 #ads4
 cloth4   ,,crossing ,,the ,,river4 ,by 
the ,author of ,the ,life of the late   
,rev4 ,dr4 ,marsh1 ,memorials of ,capt4 
,hedley ,vicars1 c4 ,crown #hvo1 #as4   
cloth limp4   ,,religious ,,poems4 ,by  

the ,author of ,stepping ,heavenward1 c4
 ,crown #hvo1 #cs4 #f;d41 cloth4   ,a   
,,third ,,series ,,of ,,sermons         
,,preached ,,at ,,king',s ,,lynn4 ,by   
the late ,rev4 ,e4 ,l4 ,,hull1 ,b4,a4   
,crown #hvo1 #fs4 cloth4   ,,the        
,,triumph ,,of ,,faith4 ,the ,substance 
of ,addresses on the ,book of ,joshua4  
,by ,,stevenson ,a4 ,,blackwood4 ,crown 
#hvo1 #bs4 cloth limp2 #bs4 #f;d4       
boards4   ,,the ,,fourth ,,watch4 ,by   
the ,author of ,the ,melody of the      
,twenty-,third ,psalm1 c4 #cbmo1 #aj;d4 
cloth4   ,,instructions ,,on ,,the      
,,church ,,catechism4 ,being ,fifty-two 
,short ,lessons for ,bible ,class1      
,sunday ,school1 c4 ,by the ,rev4       
,,rowley ,,hill1 ,m4,a4 ,in ,four       
,parts4 ,part ,i4 #c;d4   ,,long        
,,evenings1 ,,and ,,work ,,to ,,do ,,in 
,,them4 ,by ,mrs4 ,,bayly1 ,author of   
,ragged homes1 and how to mend them4    
,crown #hvo1 #ds4 #f;d4 cloth4          
,,church ,,and ,,home ,,lessons ,,from  
,,the ,,book ,,of ,,hosea1 ,,for        

,,family ,,reading4 ,by the ,rev4 ,a4   
,c4 ,,thiselton1 ,dublin4 ,crown #hvo1  
#es41 cloth4   ,,the ,,church ,,in ,,the
 ,,house4 ,a ,series of ,lessons on the 
,acts of the ,apostles4 ,by the ,rev4   
,,william ,,arnot1 ,edinburgh1 ,author  
of ,laws from ,heaven for ,life on      
,earth1 c4 ,post #hvo1 #gs4 #f;d4 cloth4
  ,racy and readable1 based upon solid  
study1 and brightened with facts        
gathered by an unusually observant eye1 
and with the fancies of an active       
imagination4-,british and ,foreign      
,evangelical ,review4   ,,the ,,healing 
,,waters ,,of ,,israel2 or1 ,the ,story 
of ,naaman the ,syrian4 ,an ,old        
,testament ,chapter in ,providence and  
,grace4 ,by the ,rev4 ,j4 ,r4 ,,macduff1
 ,d4,d41 ,author of ,memories of        
,bethany4 ,crown #hvo1 #ds4 #f;d4 cloth4
  ,told with all his vigorous power of  
enforcing ,scripture truth1 and bringing
 it home to the heart and conscience4   
,it teaches1 in a striking manner1 many 
most useful lessons4-,christian         

,observer4   ,,dark ,,sayings ,,of      
,,old4 ,being an attempt to ,elucidate  
certain ,difficult ,passages of ,holy   
,scripture1 in a ,series of ,ten        
,lectures4 ,by the ,rev4 ,j4 ,b4        
,,mccaul1 ,honorary ,canon of           
,rochester1 c4 ,post #hvo1 #es4 cloth4  
,a valuable contribution to current     
theological literature1 and well adapted
 to counteract some of those erroneous  
opinions on sacred subjects which are   
sadly too prevalent in the present      
day4-,church of ,england ,magazine4     
,,the ,,little ,,camp ,,on ,,eagle      
,,hill4 ,by the ,author of ,the ,wide   
,wide ,world1 c4 ,coloured              
,illustrations4 ,crown #hvo1 #cs4 #f;d4 
cloth4  ,well written1 full of dialogue1
 and clever4-,nonconformist4  ,an       
excellent tale for the young1 with a    
distinctly ,christian tone4-,our ,own   
,fireside4   ,,the ,,relations ,,of     
,,the ,,kingdom ,,to ,,the ,,world4 ,by 
the ,rev4 ,j4 ,,oswald ,,dykes1 ,d4,d4  
,author of ,the ,beatitudes of the      

,kingdom1 c4 ,crown #hvo1 #cs4 #f;d4    
cloth4  ,for a certain nervous clearness
 of style1 delightful freshness and     
vigour of thought1 he has few equals in 
the ,presbyterian ,church4-,north       
,british ,daily ,mail4   ,,the ,,gates  
,,of ,,prayer4 ,a ,book of ,private     
,devotion for ,morning and ,evening4 ,by
 the ,author of ,morning and ,night     
,watches4 #afmo1 #bs4 cloth4  ,the      
prayers of which this volume is composed
 are of a high order1 and will be found 
full of suggestions4-,rock4   ,,the     
,,inglises2 or1 ,how the ,way ,opened4  
,by ,,margaret ,j4 ,,robertson1 ,author 
of ,christie ,redfern's ,troubles4      
,second ,edition4 ,crown #hvo1 #cs4     
#f;d4 cloth4  ,full of the little       
details which give vitality and         
interestingness to a story1 and         
introducing characters queer1 quaint1   
and peculiar1 as well as those of a     
higher type4-,sunday ,school ,teacher4  
,,black ,,ivory4 ,a ,tale of ,adventure 
among the ,slavers of ,east ,africa4 ,by

 ,r4 ,m4 ,,ballantyne1 ,author of ,the  
,lifeboat1 ,the ,norsemen in the ,west1 
c4 ,illustrations4 ,second ,edition4    
,crown #hvo1 #es4 cloth4  ,a captivating
 story1 and likely to do good withal1   
with incident and information1 the      
picturesque and the practical1 adventure
 and pathetic appeals1 skilfully mingled
 for a good purpose4-,record4   ,,the   
,,christ ,,of ,,god4 ,by the ,rev4      
,,horatius ,,bonar1 ,d4,d41 ,author of  
,hymns of ,faith and ,hope1 c4 ,crown   
#hvo1 #cs4 #f;d4 cloth4  ,thoughtful1   
reverent1 earnest1 and practical4 ,it   
breathes a truly devout spirit1 and can 
scarcely fail to be                     
profitable4-,watchman4   ,,the ,,word   
,,of ,,life4 ,being ,selections from the
 ,work of a ,ministry4 ,by the ,rev4    
,,charles ,j4 ,,brown1 ,d4,d41          
,edinburgh4 ,post #hvo1 #fs4 cloth4     
,good specimens of the higher class of  
sermons given from the ,scottish        
pulpit4-,edinburgh ,courant4   ,,the    
,,gospel ,,and ,,its ,,fruits4 ,a ,book 

for the ,young4 ,by the ,rev4 ,j4 ,h4   
,,wilson1 ,edinburgh1 ,author of ,our   
,father in ,heaven1 c4 ,crown #hvo1 #cs4
 #f;d4 cloth4  ,the book is quite       
unique4 ,full of sound doctrinal        
teaching1 illustrated by anecdote and   
hymn and picture1 it commands and rivets
 attention4-,daily ,review4   ,,tales   
,,of ,,adventure ,,on ,,the ,,sea4 ,from
 ,ballantyne's ,miscellany4 ,by ,r4 ,m4 
,,ballantyne1 ,author of ,the           
,lighthouse1 c4 ,with ,illustrations by 
the ,author4 ,second ,edition4 ,crown   
#hvo1 #cs4 #f;d4 cloth4 ,,contents3 #a4 
,fighting the ,whales4 #b4 ,fast in the 
,ice4 #c4 ,the ,cannibal ,islands4 #d4  
,the ,battle and the ,breeze4  ,a better
 prize for the deserving school-boy     
could not be found than this            
pleasant-looking book full of seafaring 
experience and tales of                 
heroism4-,english ,independent4   ,,the 
,,ministry ,,of ,,song4 ,by ,,frances   
,,ridley ,,havergal1 ,author of ,bruey1 
c4 ,cheaper ,edition4 #cbmo1 #as4 #f;d4 

cloth4  ,exquisite poems4-,our ,own     
,fireside4  ,full of real poetry-rich1  
deep1 true1 sweet1 and brave thoughts4  
-,woman's ,work4   ,,alice              
,l',,estrange',s ,,motto3 ,and how it   
gained the ,victory4 ,by ,,raby ,,hume4 
,with ,illustrations4 ,royal #afmo1 #bs4
 #f;d4 cloth4  ,a beautiful             
story4-,watchman4  ,nicely written and  
well told4-,south ,london ,press4       
,,memoir ,,of ,,the ,,rev4 ,j4 ,j4      
,,weitbrecht1 ,late ,missionary of the  
,church ,missionary ,society in ,bengal4
 ,compiled by his ,,widow from his      
,journals and his ,letters4 ,with a     
,preface by the late ,rev4 ,h4 ,,venn1  
,m4,a4 ,cheaper ,edition4 ,crown #hvo1  
#cs4 #f;d4 cloth4  ,the book ought to   
have a place in every library that has a
 missionary department4-,literary       
,world4   ,,little ,,magda4 ,the ,story 
of a ,child4 ,by ,,rose ,,burrowes4     
,with ,illustrations4 ,royal #afmo1 #cs4
 #f;d4 cloth4  ,a charming picture of   
bright childhood4-,guardian4  ,a        

beautiful and true picture of           
child-life4-,edinburgh ,courant4   ,a   
,,year ,,with ,,the ,,everards4 ,by the 
,hon4 ,mrs4 ,,clifford-,,butler1 ,author
 of ,little ,elsie's ,summer at         
,malvern1 c4 ,crown #hvo1 #cs4 #f;d4    
cloth4  ,one of ,mrs4                   
,clifford-,butler's pretty graceful     
stories for children4-,court ,circular4 
,,nidworth ,,and ,,his ,,three ,,magic  
,,wands4 ,by the ,author of ,stepping   
,heavenward1 ,little ,susy1 c4 ,royal   
#afmo4 ,with ,illustrations1 #bs4 #f;d4 
cloth4  ,the writing is pure and the    
lessons valuable4-,christian ,world4    
,,the ,,well ,,is ,,deep2 or1 ,scripture
 illustrating ,scripture4 ,arranged as  
,morning and ,evening ,bible ,readings  
for ,every ,day in the ,year4 #cbmo1    
#bs4 #f;d4 cloth4   ,,our ,,friends ,,in
 ,,heaven2 or1 ,the ,mutual ,recognition
 of the ,redeemed in ,glory             
,demonstrated4 ,by the ,rev4 ,j4 ,m4    
,,killen1 ,d4,d41 ,author of ,our       
,companions in ,glory1 c4 ,fifteenth    

,edition4 ,crown #hvo1 #cs4 #f;d4 cloth4
  ,a full1 earnest1 and conclusive      
investigation of the entire             
subject4-,british and ,foreign          
,evangelical ,review4   ,,christ        
,,given1 ,,received1 ,,and ,,used2 or1  
,gratuitous ,redemption3 ,how we have   
it1 and how to live on it4 ,by the ,rev4
 ,,beedam ,,charlesworth1 ,m4,a41       
,minister of the ,memorial ,church1     
,clifton4 ,second ,edition1 with        
additional ,sermon4 ,crown #hvo1 #es4   
cloth4   ,,the ,,four ,,happy ,,days4   
,by ,,frances ,,ridley ,,havergal1      
,author of ,bruey1 c4 ,royal #afmo1 #as4
 cloth4  ,a pretty little story4444     
,there are four little hymns with       
suitable children's music4-,glasgow     
,herald4   ,,light ,,and ,,life ,,in    
,,christ4 ,by the ,rev4 ,f4 ,,whitfield1
 ,m4,a41 ,author of ,voices from the    
,valley1 ,earthly ,shadows of the       
,heavenly ,kingdom1 c4 ,crown #hvo1 #es4
 cloth4   ,,the ,,child ,,of ,,the      
,,chosen ,,people4 ,a ,tale4 ,crown     

#hvo1 #es4 cloth4   ,,child ,,life4 ,a  
,collection of ,poems4 ,edited by ,,john
 ,,greenleaf ,,whittier4 ,with many     
,illustrations4 #dto1 #fs4 cloth1 gilt  
edges4  ,turning over its leaves1 it    
appears to us a charming volume1 and we 
know of no other which strings together 
so many gems of the like water4-,times4 
,,the ,,little ,,preacher4 ,by the      
,author of ,little ,susy's ,six         
,birthdays1 ,stepping ,heavenward1 c4   
#afmo1 with ,illustrations1 #as4 #f;d4  
cloth4  ,a grave though interesting     
tale4444 ,the teaching is done quietly  
and pleasantly4-,edinburgh ,courant4    
,,sermons ,,and ,,lectures4 ,by the late
 ,rev4 ,,james ,,hamilton1 ,d4,d41      
,f4,l4,s41 ,author of ,life in ,earnest1
 ,the ,great ,biography1 c4 ,post #hvo1 
#gs4 #f;d4 cloth4   ,,lowencester4 ,a   
,tale4 ,by ,,sydney ,,hampden4 ,crown   
#hvo1 #es4 cloth4  ,a clever tale4444   
,the book is interesting and            
,christian4-,watchman4   ,,soldiers     
,,and ,,servants ,,of ,,christ3 or1     

,chapters on ,church ,history4 ,with    
,preface by the ,rev4 ,f4 ,v4 ,,mather1 
,m4,a41 ,vicar of ,st4 ,paul's1         
,clifton1 and ,canon of ,bristol4       
,second edition4 ,crown #hvo1 #es4      
cloth4  ,an exceedingly valuable        
book4444 ,the narratives embrace chief  
names from the #ast to the #afth        
century1 and are so told that they will 
interest young people4-,christian       
,observer4   ,,questions ,,of ,,the     
,,day4 ,by the ,rev4 ,,john ,,hall1     
,d4,d41 of ,new ,york1 late of ,dublin4 
,crown #hvo1 #ds4 #f;d4 cloth4  ,a      
volume of admirable papers1 full of     
acute thinking1 attractively expressed4 
,a section would make admirable fireside
 reading in the family4-,british and    
,foreign ,evangelical ,review4          
,,blending ,,lights2 or1 ,the ,relations
 of ,natural ,science1 ,archology1 and  
,history to the ,bible4 ,by the ,rev4   
,w4 ,,fraser1 ,,ll4,d4 ,second ,edition4
 ,post #hvo1 #fs4 #f;d4 cloth4  ,a very 
able volume4 ,it is the fruit of much   

research1 scientific1 historical1 and   
,biblical4-,quarterly ,journal of       
,prophecy4   ,,this ,,present ,,world4  
,sketches from ,nature and ,art1 taken  
in the ,vacations of a ,professional    
,life4 ,by the ,rev4 ,,william ,,arnot1 
,edinburgh1 ,author of ,the ,parables of
 our ,lord4 ,crown #hvo1 #cs4 #f;d4     
cloth4  ,a delightful little book1 and  
one likely1 we think1 to be very        
useful4-,edinburgh ,courant4   ,,the    
,,story ,,of ,,the ,,lifu ,,mission4 ,by
 the ,rev4 ,s4 ,,mcfarlane1 ,missionary 
of the ,london ,missionary ,society4    
,with ,illustrations4 ,post #hvo1 #fs4  
cloth4  ,one of the most fascinating    
missionary books that has been published
 for some time past4-,english           
,independent4   ,,sermons ,,on ,,old    
,,testament ,,subjects4 ,by the late    
,rev4 ,,edward ,,walker1 ,d4,c4,l41     
,rector of ,cheltenham4 ,edited by the  
,rev4 ,t4 ,p4 ,,boultbee1 ,,ll4,d4      
,crown #hvo1 #es4 cloth4  ,full of sound
 ,gospel truth1 these sermons are marked

 by great earnestness and directness of 
appeal4-,rock4   ,,christ ,,crucified4  
,lectures on #a ,corinthians ii4 ,by the
 ,rev4 ,,adolph ,,saphir1 ,b4,a4 ,crown 
#hvo1 #cs4 #f;d4 cloth4  ,a valuable    
commentary4-,sword and ,trowel4  ,an    
earnest1 forcible1 luminous presentation
 of the mind of the ,spirit4-,literary  
,world4   ,,comfort ,,ye1 ,,comfort     
,,ye4 ,being ,god's ,words of ,comfort  
,addressed to ,his ,church1 in the last 
,twenty-seven ,chapters of ,isaiah4 ,by 
the ,rev4 ,j4 ,r4 ,,macduff1 ,d4,d4     
,second ,edition1 ,small ,crown #hvo1   
#es4 cloth4  ,every page is full of     
beauty1 and the book will certainly be  
found useful and suggestive by all into 
whose hands it may fall4-,rock4   ,,the 
,,everlasting ,,righteousness2 or1 ,how 
shall ,man be just with ,god8 ,by the   
,rev4 ,,horatius ,,bonar1 ,d4,d4 ,second
 ,edition1 ,small ,crown #hvo1 #cs4     
#f;d4 cloth4  ,a rich book1 suggestive1 
gracious1 full of holy unction4-,sword  
and ,trowel4   ,,voices ,,from ,,the    

,,valley ,,testifying ,,of ,,jesus4 ,by 
the ,rev4 ,f4 ,,whitfield1 ,m4,a41      
author of ,earthly ,shadows of the      
,heavenly ,kingdom1 c4 ,seventh         
,edition1 ,small ,crown #hvo1 #cs4 #f;d4
 cloth4  ,eloquent1 evangelical and     
simple1 we cannot express too high an   
opinion of these expositions of         
,scripture4-,our ,own ,fireside4   ,,the
 ,,norsemen ,,in ,,the ,,west2 or1      
,america before ,columbus4 ,by ,r4 ,m4  
,,ballantyne1 author of ,the ,iron      
,horse1 c4 ,second ,edition1 ,crown     
#hvo1 #es4 cloth1 with ,illustrations4  
,a book that cannot possibly be laid    
down till the very last word of the last
 line has been read4-,athenum4   ,,the  
,,laws ,,of ,,the ,,kingdom4 ,by the    
,rev4 ,j4 ,,oswald ,,dykes1 ,d4,d41     
,author of ,the ,beatitudes of the      
,kingdom4 ,second ,edition1 ,crown #hvo1
 #cs4 #f;d4 cloth4  ,an expositor worthy
 of the theme4444 ,we recommend the book
 heartily4-,edinburgh ,courant4         
,,synoptical ,,lectures ,,on ,,the      

,,books ,,of ,,holy ,,scripture4 ,first 
,series-,genesis to ,song of            
,songs-,second ,series-,isaiah to ,acts4
 ,by the ,rev4 ,,donald ,,fraser1       
,d4,d41 ,marylebone4 ,crown #hvo1 each  
#fs4 cloth4  ,singularly interesting1   
instructive and comprehensive lectures4 
-,record4   ,,scripture ,,itself ,,the  
,,illustrator4 ,a ,manual of            
,illustrations1 gathered from           
,scriptural ,figures1 ,phrases1 ,types1 
,derivations1 ,chronology1 ,texts1 etc41
 adapted for the use of ,preachers and  
,teachers4 ,by the ,rev4 ,g4 ,s4        
,,bowes1 ,b4,a4 ,small ,crown #hvo1 #cs4
 #f;d4 cloth4  ,evidently the result of 
attentive and persevering study4444 ,we 
strongly recommend it to the notice of  
preachers and teachers1 feeling sure    
that they will derive many suggestive   
hints from it4-,church of ,england      
,magazine4   ,,pulpit ,,discourses1     
,,expository ,,and ,,practical1 ,,and   
,,college ,,addresses4 ,by ,,michael    
,,willis1 ,d4,d41 ,,ll4,d41 ,emeritus   

,professor of ,divinity1 and ,principal 
of the ,knox ,college1 ,toronto1 and    
formerly ,minister of ,renfield ,church1
 ,glasgow4 ,post #hvo1 #gs4 #f;d4 cloth4
  ,remarkable specimens of exegetical   
exposition and defence of truth1 which  
students of theology would do well to   
read1 ponder1 and inwardly              
digest4-,inverness ,courier4   ,,bruey1 
,a ,,little ,,worker ,,for ,,christ4 ,by
 ,,frances ,,ridley ,,havergal1 ,author 
of ,the ,ministry of ,song4 ,third      
,edition1 ,small ,crown #hvo1 #cs4 #f;d4
 cloth4  ,written in a fascinating      
style4-,woman's ,work4  ,a peculiarly   
interesting volume4-,churchman's        
,shilling ,magazine4   ,,papers ,,for   
,,home ,,reading4 ,by the ,rev4 ,,john  
,,hall1 ,d4,d41 ,new ,york4 ,second     
,edition1 ,small ,crown #hvo1 #cs4 #f;d4
 cloth4  ,lively1 practical1 and        
earnest1 and on themes of the deepest   
moment4-,english ,independent4  ,the    
whole collection is                     
excellent4-,presbyterian4   ,,morag2 ,a 

,tale of ,highland ,life4 ,second       
,edition1 ,small ,crown #hvo1 #cs4 #f;d4
 cloth4  ,one of the most touching      
children's stories we have for a long   
time read4-,nonconformist4   ,,tales    
,,from ,,alsace2 or1 ,scenes and        
,portraits from ,life in the ,days of   
the ,reformation1 as drawn from old     
,chronicles4 ,translated from the       
,german4 ,crown #hvo1 #cs4 #f;d4 cloth4 
,we can assure readers of this volume a 
genuine treat4444 ,young and old will be
 arrested by their charm1 and touched by
 their pathos4-,english ,independent4   
,,the ,,circle ,,of ,,the ,,church',s   
,,life4 ,translated from the ,german of 
,dr4 ,tholuck by the ,rev4 ,,robert     
,,menzies1 ,d4,d4 ,small ,crown #hvo1   
#cs4 #f;d4 cloth4  ,whatever be our     
views of these ecclesiastical days1 we  
will find our faith strengthened and our
 devotional feeling quickened by the    
calm and careful perusal of this        
excellent volume4-,daily ,review4       
,,matthew ,,frost1 ,,carrier2 or1       

,little ,snowdrop's ,mission4 ,by ,mrs4 
,,marshall1 ,author of ,stellafont      
,abbey4 ,small ,crown #hvo1 #cs4 #f;d4  
cloth4  ,a pretty story told with all   
the author's well known charm of        
manner4-,watchman4   ,,three ,,paths    
,,in ,,life4 ,a ,story for ,girls4 ,by  
,,ellen ,,barlee4 ,small ,crown #hvo1   
#cs4 #f;d4 cloth4  ,written especially  
for girls1 who will find in it some     
pleasant reading as well as much good   
sensible advice4-,guardian4   ,,the     
,,death ,,of ,,self1 ,,the ,,life ,,of  
,,service4 ,lectures on ,isaiah vi41    
preached in ,portman ,chapel1 during    
,lent1 #ahgb4 ,by the ,rev4 ,j4 ,w4     
,,reeve1 ,m4,a4 ,small ,crown #hvo1 #cs4
 #f;d4 cloth4  ,weighty truths expressed
 with much earnestness and              
plainness4-,church of ,england          
,magazine4  ,can hardly be too fervently
 commended to the attention of the      
,christian reader4-,record4   ,,the     
,,beatitudes ,,of ,,the ,,kingdom4 ,by  
the ,rev4 ,j4 ,,oswald ,,dykes1 ,d4,d4  

,third ,edition4 ,small ,crown #hvo1    
#cs4 #f;d4 cloth4  ,the purity of ,mr4  
,dykes's language and the lucidity of   
thought and expression1 combine to      
render this one of the choicest         
contributions to ,christology which we  
have lately met with4-,nonconformist4   
,,our ,,father ,,in ,,heaven4 ,the      
,lord's ,prayer ,familiarly ,explained  
and ,illustrated for ,children4 ,by the 
,rev4 ,j4 ,h4 ,,wilson1 ,edinburgh4     
,crown #hvo1 #bs4 #f;d4 cloth1 with     
,illustrations4  ,one of the most       
interesting and successful expositions  
of the ,lord's ,prayer in our language4 
,it abounds in illustration and         
anecdote1 and cannot fail to be a       
favourite with young                    
people4-,evangelical ,magazine4         
,,annals ,,of ,,english ,,presbytery1   
,,from ,,the ,,earliest ,,period ,,to   
,,the ,,present ,,time4 ,by the ,rev4   
,,thos4 ,,mccrie1 ,d4,d41 ,,ll4,d41     
author of ,sketches of ,scottish ,church
 ,history1 c4 ,small ,crown #hvo1 #es4  

cloth4  ,a valuable historic            
contribution4-,christian ,work4  ,a book
 full of interest4-,record4             
,,christian ,,instruction ,,founded ,,on
 ,,the ,,catechism ,,of ,,the ,,church  
,,of ,,england4 ,in three successive    
,steps4 ,by the ,rev4 ,w4 ,,dalton1     
,b4,d4 ,twelfth ,edition4 ,small ,crown 
#hvo1 #bs4 cloth4 ,also1 separately1    
#ast ,step1 #b;d42 #bnd ,step1 #h;d42   
#crd ,step1 #aj;d4   ,,truth ,,in       
,,christ4 ,by the ,rev4 ,f4 ,,whitfield1
 ,m4,a41 author of ,voices from the     
,valley4 ,third ,edition1 ,small ,crown 
#hvo1 #cs4 #f;d4 cloth4  ,his readers   
will find his notes and comments very   
valuable when perused in conjunction    
with the passages on which they are     
founded4-,rock4   ,,heavenly ,,places4  
,addresses on the ,book of ,joshua4 ,by 
,,stevenson ,a4 ,,blackwood4 ,second    
,edition4 ,small ,crown #hvo1 #bs4 cloth
 limp2 #bs4 #f;d4 boards4  ,sound1      
earnest1 and practical enforcement of   
,evangelical truth4-,evangelical        

,magazine4   ,,an ,,explanatory ,,and   
,,practical ,,commentary ,,on ,,the     
,,new ,,testament4 ,intended chiefly as 
a help to ,family ,devotion4 ,edited and
 continued by the ,rev4 ,w4 ,,dalton1   
,b4,d4 ,fourth ,edition1 #b vols4 #hvo1 
#bds4 cloth4   ,,the ,,iron ,,horse2 or1
 ,life on the ,line4 ,a ,railway ,tale4 
,by ,r4 ,m4 ,,ballantyne1 author of ,the
 ,lifeboat1 c4 ,second ,edition4 ,with  
,illustrations4 ,crown #hvo1 #es4 cloth4
  ,a captivating book for               
boys4-,guardian4  ,a most engaging tale1
 in which there is also a substratum of 
very useful practical                   
information4-,inverness ,courier4       
,,st4 ,,paul ,,in ,,rome2 or1 the       
,teachings1 ,fellowships1 and ,dying    
,testimony of the great ,apostle in the 
,city of the ,csars4 ,being ,sermons    
preached in ,rome during the ,spring of 
#ahga4 ,with a copious ,introduction1   
containing details of ,local1           
,historical1 and ,legendary interest1   
gathered on the spot4 ,by the ,rev4 ,j4 

,r4 ,,macduff1 ,d4,d4 ,with ,photograph4
 ,second ,edition4 ,small crown #hvo1   
#ds4 #f;d4 cloth4  ,simple1 earnest1 and
 evangelical4-,evangelical ,magazine4   
,,the ,,culture ,,of ,,pleasure2 or1    
,the ,enjoyment of ,life in its ,social 
and ,religious ,aspects4 ,by the author 
of ,the ,mirage of ,life4 ,third        
,edition4 ,crown #hvo1 #fs4 cloth4  ,a  
very readable1 enjoyable and profitable 
work4-,the ,daily ,telegraph4  ,a       
pleasant volume to read2 full of        
anecdote and illustration4 ,it has a    
flavour of the raciness of the ,doctor  
of ,southey and of the philosophy of the
 ,lacon of ,colton4-,the ,english       
,churchman4   ,,incidents ,,in ,,the    
,,life ,,and ,,ministry ,,of ,,the      
,,late ,,rev4 ,a4 ,r4 ,c4 ,,dallas1     
,m4,a41 ,,rector ,,of ,,wonston4 ,by    
,,his ,,widow4 ,with ,portrait4 ,third  
,edition4 ,post #hvo1 #gs4 #f;d4 cloth4 
,an important and well-timed            
contribution to the religious biography 
of the nineteenth century4-,christian   

,observer4   ,,stories ,,of ,,vinegar   
,,hill4 ,illustrative of the ,parable of
 the ,sower4 ,by the author of ,the     
,golden ,ladder4 ,with coloured         
,illustrations4 ,small crown #hvo1 #cs4 
#f;d4 cloth4  ,an admirable example of  
the way in which the teachings of       
,scripture1 and especially the parables 
of the ,lord1 may be used so as to      
engage the attention and sympathy of    
children4-,nonconformist4   ,,the ,,song
 ,,of ,,the ,,new ,,creation1 ,,and     
,,other ,,pieces4 ,by the ,rev4         
,,horatius ,,bonar1 ,d4,d4 ,author of   
,hymns of ,faith and ,hope4 ,crown #hvo1
 #es4 cloth4 ,cheap ,edition1 #cbmo1    
#as4 #f;d41 cloth1 circuit or gilt      
edges4  ,fresh specimens of that poetic 
power by which the author has often     
driven away evil spirits from the hearts
 of men and cheered them in the         
dark4-,british and ,foreign ,evangelical
 ,review4   ,,tales ,,of ,,the ,,warrior
 ,,judges4 ,a ,sunday ,book for ,boys4  
,by the ,rev4 ,j4 ,r4 ,,macduff1 ,d4,d4 

,foolscap #hvo1 #bs4 #f;d4 cloth4 ,with 
,illustrations4  ,told with freshness   
and force4-,evangelical ,magazine4      
,,little ,,sunbeams4 ,stories by        
,,joanna ,h4 ,,matthews4 ,with ,coloured
 ,illustrations4 ,second ,edition4      
,crown #hvo1 #cs4 #f;d4 cloth4  ,many   
important lessons are taught in its     
pages1 which1 while never dull1 are     
always instructive4-,rock4   ,a ,,tale  
,,of ,,two ,,old ,,songs4 ,the ,bridge  
and the ,village ,blacksmith4 ,by the   
,hon4 ,,mrs4 ,,clifford-,,butler4       
,second ,edition4 ,small crown #hvo1    
#bs4 #f;d4 cloth4  ,,also  ,a           
,,sunbeam',s ,,influence2 or1 ,eight    
,years ,after4 ,by the same ,author4    
,small crown #hvo1 #bs4 #f;d4 cloth4    
,this lady writes very pleasantly and   
without exaggeration4-,evening          
,standard4 ,well-written and somewhat   
pathetic tales4-,record4   ,,the        
,,miracles ,,of ,,our ,,lord4 ,a ,course
 of ,school-room ,lectures4 ,by the late
 ,rev4 ,e4 ,,walker1 ,d4,c4,l41 ,rector 

of ,cheltenham4 ,edited by a ,member of 
the ,congregation4 ,crown #hvo1 #es4    
cloth4  ,model examples of what1 we     
think1 deserves to be called 'preaching 
the ,word4'-,our ,own ,fireside4        
,,without ,,and ,,within4 ,a ,new       
,england ,story4 ,with coloured         
,illustrations4 ,small crown #hvo1 #cs4 
#f;d4 cloth4  ,the story is well told2  
the characters are well delineated2 the 
pathetic and the humorous are skilfully 
blended4-,maryland ,church ,record4     
,,memories ,,of ,,patmos2 or1 ,some of  
the ,great ,words and ,visions of the   
,apocalypse4 ,by the ,rev4 ,j4 ,r4      
,,macduff4 ,d4,d4 ,with ,vignette4      
,fifth ,thousand4 ,post #hvo1 #fs4      
#f;d41 cloth4  ,dr4 ,macduff has given  
us a volume of beautiful thoughts1 and  
has clothed these thoughts with language
 which is at once elegant and           
forcible4-,rock4   ,,moses ,,the ,,man  
,,of ,,god4 ,a ,series of ,lectures by  
the late ,,james ,,hamilton1 ,d4,d41    
,f4,l4,s4 ,second ,edition4 ,small      

,crown #hvo1 #es41 cloth4  ,graceful    
description1 imaginative reconstruction1
 unconventional1 and often very         
ingenious1 sometimes learned            
disquisition with the light graceful    
touch of poetic style and delicate      
fancy4-,british ,quarterly ,review4     
,,lays ,,of ,,the ,,holy ,,land4        
,selected from ,ancient and ,modern     
,poets by the ,rev4 ,,horatius ,,bonar1 
,d4,d4 ,new ,edition1 with              
,illustrations from original            
,photographs and ,drawings4 ,crown #dto1
 #abs41 cloth4  ,the ,holy ,land is a   
subject to which all great poets have   
devoted some of their best endeavours1  
and these are now brought together and  
adorned by illustrations worthy of such 
a text4444 ,the volume will long remain 
a favourite4-,times4   ,,the            
,,atonement2 in its ,relations to the   
,covenant1 the ,priesthood1 and the     
,intercession of our ,lord4 ,by the     
,rev4 ,,hugh ,,martin1 ,d4,d4 ,post     
#hvo1 #fs4 cloth4  ,a volume written    

with remarkable vigour and              
earnestness4-,british ,quarterly        
,review4  ,well worthy of a careful     
perusal1 and we cordially recommend it  
to all our readers1 and especially to   
ministers and students of               
theology4-,evangelical ,witness4   ,,the
 ,,floating ,,light ,,of ,,the ,,goodwin
 ,,sands4 ,a ,tale by ,r4 ,m4           
,,ballantyne1 ,author of ,the ,lifeboat1
 c4 ,with ,illustrations4 ,crown #hvo1  
#es4 cloth4  ,as full of incident1 as   
healthy in tone1 and as fresh and       
vigorous in style as any of its         
predecessors4-,scotsman4   ,,the ,,life 
,,of ,,the ,,late ,,james ,,hamilton1   
,d4,d41 ,f4,l4,s4 ,by the ,rev4         
,,william ,,arnot1 ,edinburgh4 ,post    
#hvo1 #gs4 #f;d4 cloth4 ,with ,portrait4
  ,we rejoice to recommend this volume  
as a congenial and worthy record of one 
of the noblest and most fruitful lives  
with which the ,church of ,christ has   
been blessed in modern days4 ,the       
editor's work has been done with        

admirable judgment4-,weekly ,review4    
,a ,,memoir ,,of ,,the ,,late ,,rev4    
,,william ,c4 ,,burns1 ,m4,a41          
,missionary to ,china4 ,by the late     
,professor ,,islay ,,burns1 ,d4,d41     
,glasgow4 ,crown #hvo1 #fs4 cloth4 ,with
 ,portrait4 ,cheap ,edition4 ,small     
,crown #hvo1 #cs4 #f;d4 cloth4  ,a more 
apostolic life has rarely been spent4444
 ,it is impossible to estimate too      
highly the good that may flow from this 
record of ,christian life and           
labour4-,sunday ,magazine4   ,,the      
,,lord',s ,,prayer4 ,lectures by the    
,rev4 ,,adolph ,,saphir1 ,b4,a41        
,greenwich4 ,fourth ,edition4 ,small    
,crown #hvo1 #es4 cloth4  ,a work so    
wide in its range of thought1 and so    
concentrated in its doctrinal teachings1
 so rich and well packed1 yet so simple 
and interesting1 and so clear1 pure1 and
 intelligible in expression does not    
often make its appearance4-,christian   
,work4   ,,the ,,shepherd ,,and ,,his   
,,flock2 or1 ,the ,keeper of ,israel and

 the ,sheep of ,his ,pasture4 ,by the   
,rev4 ,j4 ,r4 ,,macduff1 ,d4,d4 ,with   
,vignette4 ,eleventh ,thousand4 ,small  
,crown #hvo1 #cs4 #f;d4 cloth4  ,a      
remarkably well-written volume1         
eminently practical and devout in its   
tone1 and one which spiritually-minded  
persons will read with both pleasure and
 profit4-,journal of ,sacred            
,literature4   ,,light ,,and ,,truth4   
,bible ,thoughts and ,themes-,first1    
,second1 ,third1 ,fourth1 and ,fifth    
,series-#a4 ,,the ,,old ,,testament4 #b4
 ,,the ,,gospels4 #c4 ,,the ,,acts ,,and
 ,,the ,,larger ,,epistles4 #d4 ,,the   
,,lesser ,,epistles4 #e4 ,,the          
,,revelation ,,of ,,st4 ,,john4 ,by the 
,rev4 ,,horatius ,,bonar1 ,d4,d4 ,crown 
#hvo1 each #es4 cloth4  ,rich in matter 
and very suggestive4-,christian         
,advocate4  ,valuable work4 ,it contains
 a series of brief expositions well     
suited for private use1 or for family   
reading4-,record4   ,,sermons4 ,preached
 at ,king's ,lynn4 ,by the late ,rev4   

,e4 ,l4 ,,hull1 ,b4,a4 ,first1 ,second1 
and ,third ,series4 ,post #hvo1 each    
#fs4 cloth4  ,this new volume of twenty 
sermons has all the claims of the       
first-the same happy use of ,scripture1 
the same clear and firm grasp of the    
principle of every text he selected1 the
 same earnest longing after the beauty  
and holiness on which he has now        
entered1 the same play of imagination1  
the same freshness of thought1 and      
fitness of utterance4-,freeman4         
,,stepping ,,heavenward4 ,by ,mrs4      
,,prentiss4 ,author of ,little ,susy's  
,six ,birthdays1 c4 ,with coloured      
,illustrations4 ,seventh ,edition4      
,small ,crown #hvo1 #bs4 #f;d4 cloth4   
,a faithful diary1 recording the        
experiences of a good and gentle soul in
 its onward march to a better           
land4-,rock4   ,,books ,,for            
,,wayfarers4 ,by ,,anna ,,warner1       
,author of the ,golden ,ladder4 #cbmo1  
cloth4 #a4 ,,wayfaring ,,hymns1         
,,original ,,and ,,selected4 #f;d4 #b4  

,,the ,,melody ,,of ,,the               
,,twenty-,,third ,,psalm4 #h;d4 #c4     
,,the ,,other ,,shore4 #as4 #d4 ,,the   
,,fourth ,,watch4 #aj;d4  ,there is an  
unction and a beauty about the books    
that well fit them to be pocket or table
 companions4-,freeman4  ,two little     
books1 beautiful without and            
within4-,english ,presbyterian          
,messenger4   ,,memorials ,,of ,,the    
,,late ,,james ,,henderson1 ,m4,d41     
,f4,r4,c4,s4,e41 ,medical ,missionary to
 ,china4 ,with ,appendix4 ,seventh      
,edition4 ,small ,crown #hvo1 #cs4 #f;d4
 cloth4 ,with ,portrait4 ,also1 ,cheap  
and ,abridged ,edition1 #afmo1 #as4     
cloth limp4  ,the memorials of ,dr4     
,henderson form as beautiful and        
exhilarating a little history as it has 
been for some time our task or pleasure 
to read4444 ,it is the story of one of  
those noble lives before which power and
 difficulty recoil1 and give up the     
contest4-,eclectic ,review4   ,,noontide
 ,,at ,,sychar2 or1 ,the ,story of      

,jacob's ,well4 ,by the ,rev4 ,j4 ,r4   
,,macduff1 ,d4,d4 ,with ,vignettes4     
,ninth ,thousand4 ,small ,crown #hvo1   
#cs4 #f;d4 cloth4  ,one of the most     
attractive of the many pleasant and     
profitable religious studies published  
by ,dr4 ,macduff4-,daily ,review4       
,,deep ,,down4 ,a ,tale of the ,cornish 
,mines4 ,by ,r4 ,m4 ,,ballantyne1       
,author of ,the ,life-,boat1 etc4 ,with 
,illustrations4 ,small ,crown #hvo1 #es4
 cloth4  ,this is just the subject for  
,mr4 ,ballantyne1 whose stories in      
connection with that enterprise and     
adventure which have made ,england great
 are amongst the best of modern         
days4-,daily ,news4   ,,the ,,works ,,of
 ,,the ,,late ,,james ,,hamilton1       
,d4,d41 ,f4,l4,s4 ,complete in ,six     
,vols41 ,post #hvo1 each #gs4 #f;d4     
cloth4  ,more than most men he has      
embalmed his qualities in his           
writings4444 ,they well deserve to be   
published in a permanent form1 and this 
handsome library edition will be a great

 boon to many families4-,freeman4       
,,from ,,seventeen ,,to ,,thirty4 ,the  
,town ,life of a ,youth from the        
,country2 its ,trials1 ,temptations1 and
 ,advantages4 ,lessons from the ,history
 of ,joseph4 ,by the ,rev4 ,,thomas     
,,binney4 ,fifth ,edition4 ,small ,crown
 #hvo1 #as4 #f;d4 cloth4  ,nothing can  
exceed the quiet dignity1 beauty1 and   
simplicity of style in which this book  
is written4 ,not only is it a model of  
wise ,scriptural exposition1 but we     
cannot at this moment recall anything   
that approaches it4-,english            
,independent4   ,,memories ,,of         
,,olivet4 ,by the ,rev4 ,j4 ,r4         
,,macduff1 ,d4,d4 ,with ,vignette4      
,seventh ,thousand4 ,post #hvo1 #fs4    
#f;d4 cloth4  ,the almost photographic  
clearness with which every point around 
,jerusalem is described1 and the        
frequent though unobtrusive illustration
 of the sacred text from ,eastern life1 
together with the vivid realization of  
the movements of our ,saviour during the

 last few days of his earthly career1   
make the ,memories of ,olivet a most    
valuable companion in the study of the  
preacher and teacher1 and in the chamber
 of the home student4-,record4   ,,the  
,,life ,,of ,,the ,,late ,,rev4 ,,dr4   
,,marsh1 of ,beddington4 ,by his        
,,daughter1 ,author of ,english ,hearts 
and ,english ,hands1 etc4 ,with         
,portrait4 ,eighth ,edition4 ,post #hvo1
 #ajs4 cloth2 ,fourth and ,cheap        
,edition1 ,small ,crown #hvo1 #cs4      
cloth4  ,we have read this volume with  
much interest1 and can recommend it as  
an excellent account of ,dr4 ,marsh's   
life and career1 and of the associations
 connected with them4-,times4   ,,plain 
,,sermons ,,on ,,the ,,gospel           
,,miracles4 ,by the ,rev4 ,,arthur      
,,roberts1 ,m4,a4 ,crown #hvo1 #es4     
cloth4  ,plain and simple1 without      
attempt at critical disquisition or     
philosophical inquiry1 they are earnest1
 scriptural1 and attractive4 ,the style1
 with nothing lofty in it1 is pleasant1 

and the sermons are thoroughly          
readable4-,church of ,england ,magazine4
   ,,the ,,shadow ,,and ,,the           
,,substance4 ,a ,second ,series of      
,addresses by ,,stevenson ,a4           
,,blackwood4 ,small ,crown #hvo4 #bs4   
cloth limp1 #bs4 #f;d4 cloth boards4  ,a
 very thoughtful and thoroughly         
scriptural view of the ,passover4444 ,to
 those who wish for useful reading to   
adult classes1 or to mothers' meetings1 
we commend this book4-,record4   ,,the  
,,prophet ,,of ,,fire2 or1 ,the ,life   
and ,times of ,elijah1 and their        
,lessons4 ,by the ,rev4 ,j4 ,r4         
,,macduff1 ,d4,d4 ,eighth ,thousand4    
,post #hvo1 #fs4 #f;d4 cloth4  ,full of 
incident1 rich in illustration1 smooth  
and pleasing in style1 and abounding in 
practical lessons4-,english             
,presbyterian ,messenger4   ,,st4       
,,paul2 ,his ,life and ,ministry to the 
,close of his ,third ,missionary        
,journey4 ,by the ,rev4 ,,thomas        
,,binney4 ,crown #hvo1 #es4 cloth4  ,mr4

 ,binney has elaborated into a volume   
his magnificent lectures on ,st4 ,paul's
 ,life and ,ministry4444 ,mr4 ,binney's 
books need no commendation of           
ours4-,quarterly ,messenger ,young      
,men's ,christian ,association4         
,,fifty-,,two ,,short ,,sermons ,,for   
,,family ,,reading4 ,by ,,horatius      
,,bonar1 ,d4,d4 ,crown #hvo1 #fs4 cloth4
  ,these are short plain sermons for    
family reading1 and are admirably fitted
 for so good a purpose4-,english        
,presbyterian ,messenger4   ,,hymns ,,of
 ,,faith ,,and ,,hope4 ,by ,,horatius   
,,bonar1 ,d4,d4 ,first1 ,second1 and    
,third ,series4 ,crown #hvo1 each #es4  
cloth4 ,also1 ,pocket ,editions1 ,royal 
#cbmo1 each #as4 #f;d4 ,also a ,royal   
,edition1 printed at the ,chiswick      
,press1 and handsomely bound4 ,post     
#hvo1 #gs4 #f;d4 cloth4  ,there is a    
freshness and vigour1 an earnestness and
 a piety in these compositions1 which is
 very gratifying4 ,the language is      
highly poetical4-,evangelical           

,christendom4   ,,illustrative          
,,gatherings ,,for ,,preachers ,,and    
,,teachers4 ,by the ,rev4 ,g4 ,s4       
,,bowes1 ,b4,a4 ,first and ,second      
,series1 ,small ,crown #hvo1 each1 #cs4 
#f;d4 cloth4  ,its tone is thoroughly   
evangelical and spiritual1 and it is    
fitted to furnish useful hints and      
illustrations to the ,christian teacher4
 -,christian ,witness4   ,,english      
,,hearts ,,and ,,english ,,hands2 or1   
,the ,railway and the ,trenches4 ,by the
 ,author of ,memorials of ,captain      
,hedley ,vicars4 ,small ,crown #hvo1    
#es4 cloth4 ,also a ,cheaper ,edition1  
#bs4 cloth limp4  ,the ,memorials of    
,vicars and these ,memorials of the     
,crystal ,palace ,navvies are books of  
precisely the same type and must not be 
overlooked4 ,we recognize in them an    
honesty of purpose1 a purity of heart1  
and a warmth of human affection1        
combined with a religious faith1 that   
are very beautiful4-,times4   ,,the     
,,exeter ,,hall ,,lectures ,,to ,,young 

,,men1 from their commencement in       
#ahde-f1 to their termination in        
#ahfd-e1 all uniformly printed1 and     
handsomely bound in cloth1 and          
embellished with portraits of the       
,friends and ,patrons of the ,young     
,men's ,christian ,association4         
,complete in #bj vols41 price of each   
volume1 #ds42 or the whole series for   
#c4   ,,matthew ,,henry',s ,,commentary 
,,on ,,the ,,holy ,,bible1 comprising   
upwards of #gjjj ,pages1 well printed   
7the ,notes as well as the ,text in     
clear and distinct type7 on good paper1 
forming ,nine ,imperial #hvo volumes1   
and handsomely bound in cloth4 ,price #c
 #cs4   ,the work may also be had in a  
variety of extra bindings1 particulars  
of which will be forwarded on           
application4   ,,the ,,rev4 ,,thos4     
,,scott',s ,,commentary ,,on ,,the      
,,holy ,,bible1 comprising ,marginal    
,references1 a copious ,topical ,index1 
,fifteen ,maps1 and ,sixty-nine         
,engravings1 illustrative of ,scripture 

,incidents and ,scenery4 ,complete in #f
 vols4 #dto1 published at #d #ds41 now  
offered for #b #ajs4   ,,the ,,bible    
,,manual3 an ,expository and ,practical 
,commentary on the ,books of ,scripture1
 arranged in ,chronological ,order3     
forming a ,hand-book of ,biblical       
,elucidation for the use of ,families1  
,schools1 and ,students of the ,word of 
,god4 ,translated from the ,german      
,work1 edited by the late ,rev4 ,dr4 ,c4
 ,g4 ,,barth1 of ,calw1 ,wurtemberg4    
,third ,edition4 ,imperial #hvo1 #abs4  
cloth4   ,,the ,,word ,,series4  ,by    
,,elizabeth ,,wetherall and ,,anna      
,,lothrop1 ,authors of ,the ,wide ,wide 
,world4 ,with ,coloured ,illustrations4 
,crown #hvo1 each #cs4 #f;d4 cloth4  #a4
 ,,walks ,,from ,,eden3 ,the ,scripture 
,story from the ,creation to the ,death 
of ,abraham4  #b4 ,,the ,,house ,,of    
,,israel3 ,the ,scripture ,story from   
the ,birth of ,isaac to the ,death of   
,jacob4  #c4 ,,the ,,star ,,out ,,of    
,,jacob3 ,the ,scripture ,story         

,illustrating the ,earlier ,portion of  
the ,gospel ,narrative4   ,,the ,,golden
 ,,ladder ,,series4  ,uniform in size   
and binding1 with coloured              
,illustrations4 ,crown #hvo1 cloth4  #a4
 ,,the ,,golden ,,ladder3 ,stories      
,illustrative of the ,eight ,beatitudes4
 ,by ,,elizabeth and ,,anna ,,warner4   
#cs4 #f;d4  #b4 ,,the ,,wide ,,wide     
,,world4 ,by ,,elizabeth ,,warner4 #cs4 
#f;d4  #c4 ,,queechy4 ,by the same4 #cs4
 #f;d4  #d4 ,,melbourne ,,house4 ,by the
 same4 #cs4 #f;d4  #e4 ,,daisy4 ,by the 
same4 #cs4 #f;d4  #f4 ,,the ,,old       
,,helmet4 ,by the same4 #cs4 #f;d4  #g4 
,,the ,,three ,,little ,,spades4 ,by the
 same4 #bs4 #f;d4  #h4 ,,nettie',s      
,,mission3 ,stories ,illustrative of the
 ,lord's ,prayer4 ,by ,,alice ,,gray4   
#cs4 #f;d4  #i4 ,,daisy ,,in ,,the      
,,field4 ,by ,,elizabeth ,,warner4 #cs4 
#f;d4  #aj4 ,,stepping ,,heavenward4 ,by
 ,mrs4 ,,prentiss4 ,author of ,little   
,susy4 #bs4 #f;d4  #aa4 ,,what ,,she    
,,could1 ,,and ,,opportunities4 ,tales  

by ,,elizabeth ,,warner4 #cs4 #f;d4     
#ab4 ,,glen ,,luna4 ,by ,,anna ,,warner4
 #cs4 #f;d4  #ac4 ,,drayton ,,hall4     
,stories ,illustrative of the           
,beatitudes4 ,by ,,alice ,,gray4 #cs4   
#f;d4  #ad4 ,,without ,,and ,,within4 ,a
 ,new ,england ,story4 #cs4 #f;d4  #ae4 
,,vinegar ,,hill ,,stories4             
,illustrative of the ,parable of the    
,sower4 ,by ,,anna ,,warner4 #cs4 #f;d4 
#af4 ,,little ,,sunbeams4 ,by ,j4 ,h4   
,,matthews4 #cs4 #f;d4  #ag4 ,,the      
,,house ,,in ,,town ,,and ,,trading4    
#cs4 #f;d4  #ah4 ,,the ,,little ,,camp  
,,on ,,eagle ,,hill4 ,by ,,elizabeth    
,,warner4 #cs4 #f;d4  #ai4 ,,willow     
,,brook4 ,by the ,author of ,the ,wide  
,wide ,world4 #cs4 #f;d4  #bj4 ,,dare   
,,to ,,do ,,right4 ,by the ,author of   
,nettie's ,mission4 #cs4 #f;d4   ,,the  
,,select ,,series4  ,crown #hvo1 each   
#cs4 #f;d4 cloth4 ,bound by ,burn4 ,most
 of them with ,illustrations4  #a4      
,,derry4 ,a ,tale of the ,revolution4   
,by ,,charlotte ,,elizabeth4  #b4 ,,the 

,,land ,,of ,,the ,,forum ,,and ,,the   
,,vatican4 ,by the ,rev4 ,,newman       
,,hall1 ,,ll4,b4  #c4 ,,the ,,listener4 
,by ,,caroline ,,fry4  #d4 ,,days ,,and 
,,nights ,,in ,,the ,,east2 or1         
,illustrations of ,bible ,scenes4 ,by   
the ,rev4 ,,horatius ,,bonar1 ,d4,d4    
#e4 ,,the ,,holy ,,war4 ,by ,,john      
,,bunyan4  #f4 ,,the ,,pilgrim',s       
,,progress4 ,by ,,john ,,bunyan4  #g4   
,,the ,,mountains ,,of ,,the ,,bible2   
,their ,scenes and their ,lessons4 ,by  
the ,rev4 ,,john ,,macfarlane1 ,,ll4,d4 
#h4 ,,home ,,and ,,foreign ,,service2   
or1 ,pictures in ,active ,christian     
,life4  #i4 ,,life4 ,a ,series of       
,illustrations of the ,divine ,wisdom in
 the ,forms1 ,structures1 and ,instincts
 of ,animals4 ,by ,,phillip ,h4 ,,gosse1
 ,f4,r4,s4  #aj4 ,,land ,,and ,,sea4 ,by
 ,p4 ,h4 ,,gosse1 ,f4,r4,s4  #aa4 ,,john
 ,,knox ,,and ,,his ,,times4 ,by the    
,author of ,the ,story of ,martin       
,luther1 etc4  #ab4 ,,home ,,in ,,the   
,,holy ,,land4 ,by ,mrs4 ,,finn4  #ac4  

,a ,,third ,,year ,,in ,,jerusalem4 ,a  
,tale ,illustrating ,incidents and      
,customs in ,modern ,jerusalem4 ,by     
,mrs4 ,,finn4  #ad  #ae4 ,,the ,,romance
 ,,of ,,natural ,,history4 ,by ,p4 ,h4  
,,gosse1 ,f4,r4,s4 ,first and ,second   
,series4  #af4 ,,byeways ,,in           
,,palestine4 ,by ,,james ,,finn1 ,esq4  
,f4,r4,a4,s41 late ,h4 ,m4 ,consul of   
,jerusalem and ,palestine4  #ag4        
,,bloomfield4 ,a ,tale by ,,elizabeth   
,,warren1 ,author of ,john ,knox and his
 ,times1 c4  #ah4 ,,tales ,,from        
,,alsace2 or1 ,scenes and ,portraits    
from ,life in the ,days of the          
,reformation1 as drawn from old         
,chronicles4 ,translated from the       
,german4  #ai4 ,,hymns ,,of ,,the       
,,church ,,militant4 ,edited by the     
,author of ,the ,wide ,wide ,world4     
#bj4 ,,the ,,physician',s ,,daughters2  
or1 ,the ,spring ,time of ,woman4 ,by   
the ,author of ,wandering ,homes and    
their ,influences1 c4  #ba4 ,,wandering 
,,homes ,,and ,,their ,,influences4 ,by 

the author of ,the ,physician's         
,daughters4    ,henderson1 ,rait        
,fenton1 ,printers1 #fi1 ,marylebone    
,lane1 ,oxford ,street4