,illustration ,,gleanings ,,in ,,bee ,,culture ,or how to ,realize the ,most ,money with the ,smallest ,expenditure of ,capital and ,labor in the ,care of ,bees1 ,rationally ,considered4 ,,published ,,monthly1 ,,at ,,medina1 ,,ohio1 ,,by ,a4 ,i4 ,,root ,,co4 ,vol4 ,,iii ,march1 #ahge4 ,no4 #c ,in the ,preparation of this ,journal the following are the ,principal ,periodicals ,consulted3 ,american ,bee ,journal4 ,clarke1 and ,mrs4 ,tupper4 ,bee-,keeper's ,magazine4 ,king4 ,bee ,world4 ,a4 ,f4 ,moon ,co4 ,also ,bound ,volumes of the former since #ahfj1 and ,files of all other ,bee ,journals that have been ,published in ,america4 ,american ,agriculturist1 ,prairie ,farmer1 ,rural ,new ,yorker1 ,country ,gentleman1 ,southern ,farmer1 ,scientific ,american4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,contents3 ,page4 ,remarks on in-door wintering #be ,our own ,apiary #be ,how bees behave in cold weather #bg ,report from ,l4 ,c4 ,root #bg ,quinby hive #bg ,why do our bees die8 #bg ,home made ,new ,ideas etc4 #bh ,double width versus two story #bh ,sawdust for contracting entrances #bh ,dimensions of frames etc4 #bh ,a ,novel ,idea in ,wintering etc4 #bi ,half inch1 versus double walls #bi ,section ,honey boxes #bi1 #cb ,double wall hives etc4 #cj ,honey ,column #ca ,humbugs and ,swindles #ca ,reports ,encouraging #ca ,basswood3 ,starting a plantation #cb ,how to fly bees in a room #cb ,is it the fault of our ,queens8 #cc ,reports from cold frames #cc ,leather for quilts #cc ,strait combs #cc ,adulteration of honey #cc ,movable portico #cd ,buzz ,saws #cd ,candying of honey #cd ,deep frames #ce ,imported ,queens #cf ,sunflowers #cf 99 99 99 99 99 ,,advertisers' ,,department ,,sundry ,,matters4 ,in making ,bee veils use ,tarleton in place of ,crown ,lining as advised on page #b1 ,vol4 #a4 99 99 99 99 99 ,mrs4 ,axtell writes us that we made a mistake on page #aj1 ,jan4 ,no41 when we give her credit of extracting #cjjj lbs42 that it was only about one-half that amount4 99 99 99 99 99 ,we have just received an extra nice lot of ,alsike ,clover seed1 new crop1 raised in our own vicinity1 so that we know it is pure and safe4 ,single pound by mail in cloth bag #de;c42 by express #ce;c41 if over #aj lbs4 #cj;c4 only4 99 99 99 99 99 ,we learn from ,j4 ,d4 ,kruschke1 ,berlin1 ,wis41 that there is a good market for the oil from ,rape1 and that in fact we at present import it to supply the demand4 ,we refer all interested in ,rape culture to the little book to be had by enclosing #e;c4 to the above address4 99 99 99 99 99 ,magazine reached us on the #aeth1 with its appearance much improved4 ,on further consideration we have decided to keep the clubbing price with it and ,,gleanings at #a4ge1 and #e4jj for all the ,bee ,journals4 ,if our readers will now excuse so many changes we will try to change no more4 99 99 99 99 99 ,mr4 ,doolittle1 of ,borodino1 and ,l4 ,c4 ,root1 of ,mohawk1 ,n4 ,y41 have each sent us a club of #bj subscribers1 ,prof4 ,cook1 and several others1 nearly as many4 ,a few more such friends and we might afford to give you a larger ,journal and larger type1 without any change in price4 99 99 99 99 99 ,our thanks are due ,j4 ,c4 ,colborne1 of ,chicago1 for a description of the hive and frame used by ,mr4 ,harbison4 ,it is not a suspended frame1 nor is it like ,quinby's4 ,we should prefer getting something more definite1 and from ,harbison himself1 if possible1 before giving it to our readers4 ,dimensions of frame about #abae4 99 99 99 99 99 ,our mailing type goes by machinery that won't work unless #ge;c4 be remitted once a year4 ,therefore look to the labels on your papers and see when your time will be out4 ,if the paper stops coming blame the 8machine0 and not us2 also1 if the labels do not always present your account to you monthly1 as it should be1 drop us a postal4 99 99 99 99 99 ,we presume nearly every one of our readers1 has already done something for the relief of the ,kansas and ,nebraska sufferers2 to those who have not had the opportunity presented them1 we would refer to ,mr4 ,james ,vick's proposal in his ,floral ,guide4 ,his arrangements enable him to give a receipt for all money1 and to also show how and where it has all been judiciously expended4 99 99 99 99 99 ,notwithstanding all that has been said about honey dealers1 we have at least two men in whom we feel we can place implicit confidence2 ,lippincott of ,pittsburg1 and ,muth1 of ,cincinnati4 ,mr4 ,muth has for many years been dealing in supplies1 and we have yet to hear a single complaint of him in any shape or manner4 ,his honey jars are very neat indeed1 and what is more they will hold an honest pound1 or #b lbs41 according to the stamp in the glass of each4 ,as an instance of the magnitude of his business1 we may say that he has given the manufacturers orders for #ajjj gross for the coming season2 customers may depend on getting goods as soon as ordered4 99 99 99 99 99 ,my bees1 #ej stocks1 on their summer stands1 are not doing well2 weather very cold1 some days below zero all day4 ,a good deal of ice in hives1 with not sufficient warm weather to thaw it and dry them out4 ,have lost some already1 and shall lose more if the weather does not change soon4 ,,john ,f4 ,,temple1 ,ridgeway1 ,mich4 ,feb4 #eth1 '#ge4 99 99 99 99 99 ,the ,san ,diego ,mountain honey does not candy although exposed to a freezing temperature in an uncovered vessel4 ,mr4 ,tweed says such is their experience1 and astonishing as it may seem1 such proves the case with us1 while all our other honey under the same conditions1 is white and solid4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,get ,,the ,,best4 ,,established #ahdh4 - - - - - ,,try ,,it ,,for #ahge4 ,,the ,,ohio ,,farmer1 ,the ,largest1 ,most ,interesting1 ,enterprising and ,valuable ,farmer's ,family ,paper ,published4 ,,the ,,ohio ,,farmer is a #af-page1 #fd-;column1 weekly paper1 devoted to ,agriculture1 ,horticulture1 ,live ,stock1 ,dairy1 ,poultry1 ,apiary1 ,news1 ,fireside ,reading1 ,domestic ,economy1 and ,choice ,miscellany1 with the largest and ablest corps of ,regular ,contributors ever employed on an agricultural paper in this country1 under an able and experienced ,editorial ,management who spare no expense to add everything possible to its value4 ,,read ,,the ,,terms4 ,single ,subscriptions1 #eb issues1 postage paid #b4ae ,in clubs of #aj or over1 postage paid #a4ij ,we want good ,agents everywhere1 and offer very liberal pay to all who work for us4 ,send for ,specimen ,copies1 free4 #bm ,address ,,ohio ,,farmer1 ,cleveland1 ,o4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,honey ,,plants6 ,we keep the following seeds of ,honey plants for sale3 ,rape1 #ce;c4 per lb41 post paid4 ,rapp1 #de;c4 per lb4 ,esparcet1 #fj;c4 per lb4 ,linden ,seeds #ae;c4 per oz4 ,send stamp for ,pamphlet on their culture4 tfd ,,kruschke ,,bros41 ,berlin1 ,wis4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,italian ,,bees4 ,for one ,colony of ,italian ,bees #ae4jj2 four for #ej4jj4 ,also tested ,italian ,queens1 ,hives and material for ,hives and surplus boxes at very low figures4 ,price list free4 ,j4 ,s4 ,,woodburn1 #bt#b ,dickinson1 ,cumberland ,co41 ,pa4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,seeds ,,for ,,honey ,,plants4 ,catnip seed1 fresh and pure at #dj cts4 per ounce postage paid4 ,also ,summer ,rape1 ,mignonette1 ,borage and other ,honey producing plant seeds4 #b #c;d ,b4 ,h4 ,,stair ,,co41 ,cleveland1 ,ohio4 99 99 99 99 99 ,thirteen years experience in propagating ,italian ,bees4 ,queens will be bred direct from ,imported ,mothers and warranted pure and fertile4 ,send for my circular4 ,wm4 ,w4 ,,cary1 #atf ,colerain1 ,franklin ,co41 ,mass4 99 99 99 99 99 ,illustration3 ,,emerson',s ,,binder4 ,,for ,,music ,,and ,,all ,,periodicals4 ,you cannot look over the back ,no's of ,,gleanings or any other ,periodical with satisfaction1 unless they are in some kind of a ,binder4 ,who has not said--8,dear me what a bother--,i must have last month's ,journal and it's no where to be found40 ,put each ,no4 in the ,emerson ,binder as soon as it comes and you can sit down happy1 any time you wish to find any thing you may have previously seen even though it were months ago4 ,binders for ,,gleanings 7will hold them for four years7 gilt lettered1 free by mail for #ej1 #fj1 and #ge;c1 according to quality4 ,for table of prices of ,binders for any ,periodical1 see ,oct4 ,no41 ,vol4 #b4 ,send in your orders4 ,a4 ,i4 ,,root ,,co41 ,medina1 ,o4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,gleanings ,,in ,,bee ,,culture4 ,,devoted ,,exclusively ,,to ,,bees ,,and ,,honey ,vol4 ,,iii4 ,,march1 #a1 #ahge4 ,no4 ,,iii4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,remarks ,,on ,,in-,,door ,,wintering4 ,,by ,,james ,,bolin4 ,friend ,novice3--,while ,i freely endorse the most that is contained in the article on1 ,how to ,conduct an ,apiary1 in the ,dec4 ,no4 of ,,gleanings1 ,i will have to dissent from a few of your conclusions1 even at the risk of being accused of heresy again4 ,for instance3 that the position that keeping bees warm etc41 will save them1 will have to be given up1 and1 since our wintering troubles1 99999999 nothing that has been done has amounted to a row of pins1 ,beg pardon1 we meant toward curing sick ones4--,ed4 except fine weather etc4 ,now the above may be true in the case of your bees1 but ,i cannot think it will apply to many4 ,i have pretty strong evidence that keeping my bees warm and quiet1 did save them1 as most of those in this neighborhood that were not wintered in warm depositories have perished with the bee disease1 during the last two or three winters4 ,keeping mine warm has1 in my opinion1 amounted to a pretty long row of pins--a longer one in fact than any one would need1 unless they wished to start a notion store1 and even then they might be overstocked4 ,i do not think that ,i have ever claimed that cold was the only but merely the main cause of the losses that have occurred4 ,the want of dryness and darkness in the winter depository has no doubt had considerable to do1 in some instances1 with the loss of bees that were housed1 while disturbance1 caused by taking a light in the room1 looking at the bees1 admitting strong currents of air1 by opening the door at night1 and introducing artificial heat has no doubt killed more bees than anything else1 except cold4 ,a prominent bee-keeper remarked last spring1 that he regarded artificial heat as being indispensable in wintering bees2 right in the face of the fact that he had lost about eight-ninths of his bees by its use1 or at least1 while using it4 ,rather a poor argument in its favor1 ,i think4 ,but ,i may be too practical in my views4 ,bees are very sensitive1 and a slight jar1 taking a light into the room etc41 will often excite them to an injurious activity4 ,i have frequently seen the advice given to open the door of the winter depository at night to cool and purify the air1 but if the ventilators are arranged as they should be1 ,i would much rather depend on them and keep the door shut4 ,you remark on page #aci of ,dec4 ,,gleanings1 that opening the door and windows of your cellar only seemed to make the bees warmer4 ,it no doubt had just that effect1 as the bees were stirred up by feeling a current of air different from that in the room1 but what should we have done8--,ed4 and strong stocks1 when disturbed1 generate an immense amount of heat4 ,i had a pretty fair sample of what they can do in that line two years ago when ,i put my bees in the house4 ,we had a cold south-west wind at the time4 ,the thermometer stood at about zero in the open air1 and at #cd in the house when ,i began carrying the bees in4 ,by having the door open it sunk to #bj in the house1 by the time ,i had them in4 ,i put in #hh swarms1--then shut the door for two hours1--when ,i went in again and they had run the thermometer up to #de1 being #aa higher than it was before the door was opened to put them in4 ,it remained about the same all the time out of doors4 ,by letting them alone1 they soon became quiet and the temperature of the room fell to about #dj4 ,keeping bees too warm will excite them1 and will have the same effect as keeping them too cold1 cause them to fill themselves with honey1 and if the excitement is kept up long1 the result will be the same--they will be effected with the dysentery4 ,the thermometer in my bee house stands at #db at this date1 ,dec4 #adth1 #ahgd1 and a person on entering the room would almost think there was not a live bee in it1 they are so still4 ,that the ,editor1 and all his readers1 may succeed in carrying all their bees safely through the present1 and all subsequent winters1 is the wish of ,,james ,,bolin4 ,west ,lodi1 ,ohio4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,our ,,own ,,apiary4 ,we mentioned last month that we gave the bees in the forcing house a brisk fly on the #agth1 to accomplish this more effectually we removed the covers to all the hives1 and this was one reason why only four bees remained on the sash4 ,they saw their comrades just beneath them and of course 8hopped down0 among them4 ,to avoid giving any erroneous impression we may remark that we spend the greater part of our ,sundays with our books and papers in the forcing house1 and on sunny days even the rest of the family find it an agreeable sitting room4 ,of course we do not mean to work with our bees on the ,sabbath and should be very sorry to have any of our readers get such an opinion of us1 yet it must be admitted that it so came about1 that the bees instead of being allowed to rest on the ,sabbath1 rested six days1 and on the seventh were expected to turn out and have a fly if nothing else4 ,if they would not otherwise1 we uncovered the hives etc41 as above4 ,very likely friend ,bolin will expect this treatment to kill them whether or no4 ,never mind2 they would probably submit with resignation if they knew it was solely in the cause of science4 ,on the #bcrd1 we warmed the house in the afternoon and made search in nearly all the hives for eggs1 but none could be found4 ,we were anxious to report brood in ,jan41 in our ,feb4 ,no41 and so kept the room at a favorable temperature all day the #bdth1 and next day were delighted to find that the ,queens had laid profusely1 even to the lamp nursery which contained less than #ajj bees with the ,queen at this time4 ,by the way we can see no difficulty in wintering any number of ,queens with a tea-cupful of bees each1 in this way4 ,our last form was to be printed on the #bgth1 and to get larv before this time required careful work1 so we kept the room warm until the last item was set up1 but 8not a larv0 could we see1 and we dolefully sent you your papers with hardly a parting note in regard to our experiment4 ,on the #bhth we looked again and were cheered with the sight of whole patches of larv1 so large it seemed we must have been hasty the day before4 ,and now for pollen4 ,few of the colonies had any at all1 some of them positively none1 and the worst of it was the bees would take no notice of the spot where they had worked so industriously on it in ,dec4 ,they seemed to take their flights close under the glass4 ,on the #cast we were rejoiced to see the sun come out full and clear1 and by #aj o'clock the room was abundantly warm without any aid from the stove1 but not a bit would they notice the meal4 ,we had read in the ,fruit ,recorder that plants1 especially strawberries1 must be placed close up to the glass to thrive4 ,was it not so with bees8 ,in a twinkling the ,simplicity hive cover containing the heap of meal was suspended from the sash within about a foot of the glass4 ,our better half here interposed that it was long past church time and we bent our steps churchward with about as much alacrity as did we when in the woods with the wild ,touch-me-nots4 ,we were late1 and what is more were rebuked by having the minister pause in his discourse until we could get seated4 ,never mind we deserved it and will try and do better next time4 ,may our path through life never lead1 where the influence of such as he is unknown4 ,do you wonder that we were in a mood to rejoice more fully1 with the bees1 when we found them happy as in ,june1 dancing about our heap of meal1 and now and then scampering into their hive as fast as their padded legs could carry them4 ,yet this was a cold wintry day outside1 and the sun scarcely thawed the snow on the south roofs of the houses4 ,we should have said before1 that our second sash were put in place about the middle of ,jan4 ,it has not yet been closed up warm and secure by any means1 but it does excellent service in keeping the ice from the glass and preventing the attendant drip4 ,feb4 #ast--,to-day we had sunshine again1 and brood rearing is going on beautifully4 ,the only drawback is the drunken bees that blunder about and finally fall on the floor2 these we gather up in the evening and put in the lamp nursery where they revive and at least a part of them go through the same programme next day4 ,not all1 however1 for the lamp nursery is getting built up thereby4 ,we forgot to mention that one colony was found ,queenless2 search showed her dead in bottom of hive4 ,as she looked natural and perfect1 and as the bees were healthy1 we cannot think it any fault of our own that we now have #fg colonies instead of #fh4 ,the following is from ,a4 ,i4 ,root personally4 ,feb4 #hth--,i hope and trust that ,i have many warm friends among our readers1 many who have followed my efforts1 in years past1 and very likely who feel that they know my weak points almost as well as those who have held daily converse with me1 face to face4 ,if ,i have gained any hold upon you1 and if you have any confidence in my truth and candor1 please listen1 and do not turn away1 even if ,i talk a little to you on these pages1 on something1 that does not directly pertain to ,bee ,culture4 ,for a little time back a great light has been breaking above me4 ,this light might have come sooner had it not been for several things which stood in its way2 prominently among them1 a vain pride and ambition in regard to this very ,,gleanings4 ,i worshipped worldly things first1 and my ,maker1 7when ,i worshipped ,him at all7 afterwards4 ,in fact when this great light commenced to reveal itself1 ,i debated whether it was best to mention the matter at all1 here2 whether it would be--well1 profitable4 ,when these thoughts arose1 the old darkness threatened to come back1 until ,i could truly say1 8,i will do my ,creator's work first whatever it may be1 and bees and all else afterwards40 ,dear readers do you know that this is one of the first tasks shown to me1 to use my influence whatever weight it may have1 in all possible directions1 to induce imperfect mankind to say with me ,thy will our ,heavenly ,father1 not ours be done4 ,do you say you have no duties that you are aware of1 left unperformed8 just as ,i did a very few days ago8 ,go read your ,bible1 read the commandments and see4 ,when you have tried to live up to these1 when you have tried to love your neighbor as yourself1 and find you cannot do it alone1 admit your helplessness and call on your ,heavenly ,father for aid1 but first be sure you can freely give up all or everything in this world for ,his sake1 and forgive all your fellow beings1 as you hope to be forgiven4 ,with a sincere prayer that ,god will enable these few words to reach you just as they were intended1 ,i still remain more than ever your old friend ,a4 ,i4 ,root4 99 99 99 99 99 ,feb4 #abth--,reports come in from all sides in regard to the extreme severity of the weather1 and brood rearing in the forcing house is again suspended on account of the thick coat of ice that covers the sash and prevents even the noonday sun from penetrating and warming it up4 ,instead of feeling like being dissatisfied with such weather ought we not rather to take it as a lesson that our climate is uncertain1 and that we should in building our wintering houses1 cellars etc41 make proper calculation for such extremes4 ,feb4 #aeth--,still zero weather4 ,the forcing house is so completely covered with ice that even the noonday sun scarcely has an effect on it4 ,in ,jan4 ,am4 ,agriculturist1 ,mr4 ,quinby describes the behavior of bees in cold weather1 and also reiterates the statement made last season that the solid portion of the honey they eat during winter is evacuated in a dry state1 and may be found on the bottom board of the hive1 when the bees are in health4 ,as soon as the paper was received we commenced some experiments to determine 7as we supposed7 the truth of the matter4 ,we soon decided that ,quinby was utterly wrong in both1 and prepared to write a severe criticism4 ,we are sincerely glad we did not for the spirit that was then prompting1 was more a disposition to show that ,mr4 ,q4 was in error1 than to get at the truth whereever it might lie4 ,what we did was to raise a hive up from the bottom board1 remove cover and quilt and subject them to severe cold weather4 ,although the colony 7nucleus rather7 contained not more than a quart of bees1 they seemed to bear this without detriment4 ,a sheet of white paper was placed under the cluster1 and after a few hours the brown particles that had accumulated were examined4 ,we thought then there was nothing there but bits of comb1 propolis etc41 but a more candid examination since has convinced us that1 in some hives at least1 the bees do void their excrement in a dry state1 and perhaps they always do in perfect health4 ,the second point was to see how the bees behaved when it was cold2 strange to tell they did not behave at all4 ,they were simply1 perfectly still1 8dead as door nails10 as ,gallup used to say4 ,we approached on tip-toe1 and examined them by day light1 and by lamp light1 but it was all the same4 ,we fixed our eye on a single bee1 and watched it until our teeth chattered1 but it seemed perfectly comfortable on the outside of the cluster4 ,when the temperature became lower1 quite a hum came apparently from the center of the cluster1 but we could see no movement that should produce this2 the bees that were visible1 did not move their wings1 and did not change places4 ,now then1 when do these bees get food1 and if they change about1 why could we have not seen just one in the act of so doing8 ,we confess we do not know1 will some one else help8 ,during the experiment once or twice1 a bee would crawl out of the cluster and fly off in the cold and fall down and die4 ,we then took a distant position1 and saw the same phenomena1 and from the number of bees found scattered about1 we think it occurs about the same whether they be disturbed or not4 ,a bee that is sick crawls out of the cluster1 and out of the hive if he can1 and dies4 ,as they die thus1 most in the forcing house1 we may infer that brood rearing aggravates the trouble1 or what is more probable to us is1 that sudden and wide changes of temperature1 such as we always have in the spring are severe on bees as well as on vegetation4 ,the forcing house varies from #dj to #gj1 now1 almost daily4 ,if this be true1 our bees had better be kept in doors until ,april1 or even later1 if we can manage to do so2 and those using the cold frames1 should keep them covered and dark1 except at intervals1 until the days get pretty warm4 ,all colonies have a pretty fair patch of brood1 in the forcing house1 it is true1 but the old ones are dying off so fast1 we fear we are gaining little4 ,feb4 #afth--,found ,queen in lamp nursery dead on bottom4 ,the bees looked bright and all right1 and she looked natural1 except that her body was somewhat distended4 ,our utter helplessness1 in the matter is illustrated in the following3 ,during the last three winters1 ,i have suffered heavy losses1 and the matter has been a great puzzle to me4 ,my reports of the last three seasons would have been much better1 had my bees wintered well4 ,i have for the last six winters kept my bees in an exceeding dry cellar1 with an average temperature for the whole time of about #cg4 ,for three winters they did well1 then came disaster4 ,to my mind1 none of the causes and methods or theories advocated cover the whole ground or seem absolute remedies for this fatality in wintering4 ,i firmly believe that it was an epidemic 7or perhaps more properly an 8apidemic07 sent by ,providence for purposes ,his own4 ,the most curious part in my experience is that stocks so nearly alike that ,i could detect no slight difference in quality1 were affected so differently--one dying or becoming very weak while the other wintered in fine condition4 ,j4 ,h4 ,,nellis1 ,canajoharie1 ,n4 ,y4 ,feb4 #ajth1 '#ge4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,report ,,from ,l4 ,c4 ,,root4 ,,editors ,,gleanings3--,you ask me to report results of the past season4 ,i started last spring with #ajj swarms1 thinking this about the number one man should attend to1 and considering it about as many as should be kept in one place1 especially as there are over #aej swarms within one mile of us4 ,after placing bees on their summer stands which ,i did about the middle of ,april1 my first business was to remove all combs except those occupied by the bees4 ,number of combs left in would vary from #c to #g giving space in hive to be kept warm according to quantity of bees4 ,and here let me say that no one thing helped me more towards success1 than did the ,quinby frame1 by the use of which ,i could contract or enlarge space in brood chamber at pleasure4 ,the yield of honey from willow1 apple1 raspberry1 and clover was light4 ,my principal business up to the first of ,july was taking combs filled with brood from strongest swarms to help weak ones1 and filling their place with empty combs4 ,basswood commenced blossoming about the #bjth of ,july4 ,then came our flush4 ,i increased my stock to #abc swarms4 ,whole amount of box honey #cjjj lbs4 ,whole amount of extracted #gbga lbs4 ---------- ,total #ajbga lbs4 ,have in winter quarters #aba swarms4 ,so far they seem to be in fine condition4 ,mohawk1 ,n4 ,y4 ,feb4 #ast1 #ahge4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,quinby ,,hive4 ,the following in regard to the ,quinby hive is just at hand4 ,you say on page #ae that 8in justice to ourselves we would smile to see the person who would dare undertake to find the ,queen or extract the honey from a dozen ,q4 hives as quickly as we could from a like number of our suspended frame hives40 ,i would smile to see yourself1 or any one else undertake to do it one-half as quickly as some half dozen ,i could name4 ,again1 on same page1 8where one has plenty of leisure ,mr4 ,quinby's cheap hive has many advantages1 and we may be mistaken about the time needed by an expert to open and close these hives40 ,now would it not be candid to say that ,mr4 ,hetherington1 ,mr4 ,elwood1 ,mr4 ,van ,deusen1 and ,mr4 ,l4 ,c4 ,root1 have as much sense as common folks4 ,now what can be the object of using said hive1 when hundreds have to be looked after if there was nothing to be gained from it4 ,it is necessary for ,mr4 ,h4 to work fast1 if it is for any one4 ,it is his business4 ,he has used box1 straw1 and modification of ,langstroth--has a thousand dollar's worth on hand1 that he does not use1 now4 ,to suppose that he has thrown aside all this property without being quite sure he can work with greater facility with the hive he is using is paying his judgment a poor compliment4 ,m4 ,,quinby1 ,st4 ,johnsville1 ,n4 ,y4 ,it seems to us ,mr4 ,q4 writes a little unkindly1 but perhaps we deserve it4 ,in a matter of so much importance there should be no arguing1 and no strife4 ,even should there be a test trial of the two hives1 made by two experts1 the result would be of little use to our rising bee-keepers4 ,the question is1 how will the people at large succeed best4 ,at present we really know of no better way than for those who are undecided1 to try one hive of each kind2 what suits your neighbor exactly1 may not suit you4 ,our having the ,corners for sale1 should make no difference in our opinion1 and we try not to let it1 but we cannot help wondering if ,capt4 ,hetherington has ever tried a hive with these ,corners4 ,in the ,am4 ,agriculturist for ,feb41 the ,quinby hive is described with illustrations4 ,the frame differs a little from the one we described last month1 in having the top bar also1 dropped a little below the ends of the side pieces2 also1 the top and bottom bars are both alike and lighter4 ,dimensions there given are1 uprights1 #aaa4 ,top and bottom1 #ah1 cut from inch boards4 ,ends are nailed firmly with finishing nails into top and bottom but projecting beyond them as has been mentioned1 inch4 ,the hoop iron hooks to hold the frames in an upright position1 if they be used1 can probably be bought cheaper of ,mr4 ,q4 than they can be made4 ,the sides and top of the hive are made of inch boards1 planed smoothly1 just the size of the frames1 with cleats nailed on each end to prevent warping4 ,the bottom board is #aabja1 also cleated on under side to prevent warping4 ,mr4 ,q4 says tie all together with a stout rubber cord1 but it seems to us this cannot prove a very durable fastening4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,some ,,home ,,made 8,,new ,,ideas10 ,,specially ,,adapted ,,to ,,novices4 ,,by ,r4 ,l4 ,,joiner4 ,friend novice3--,enclosed find #ge cents for the next year's crop of 8,,gleanings40 ,i have just sewed #ahgd together and ,i would not take #e4jj for it if ,i couldn't get another4 ,my bees are sound asleep in their pit at present1 and will remain there until about 8,st4 ,pathrick's day in the mornin'40 ,i took the precaution this fall of planking the top and sides of the pit1 also of putting two doors in the front end1 something as described in ,dec4 ,,gleanings4 ,my observing neighbors tell me that ,i had better have let well enough alone1 and buried them in the dirt as usual1 but ,i thought a permanent place if as successful1 would be better4 ,if you remember1 ,i used to have trouble about my bees swarming as soon as strong4 ,well as you told me1 ,i found regular and thorough extracting a perfect remedy1 but ,i soon had my hives jam full of brood4 ,the two story plan was 8no good10 as my hives are practically three story ones now4 ,i did not want to get new hives and ,i could see no way of building a story1 like ,pat's house 8on behint40 ,i solved the difficulty in this manner1 ,i moved the hive half its width to the right or left and set another hive exactly like it1 by its side1 with the entrance the same way1 and took half of the combs from the old stock and placed them in 7without any care which hive had the ,queen7 and filled up each with empty combs1 and run them through the height of the season in that manner1 supplying the ,queenless one with brood from the other as ,i extracted1 and carefully destroying all ,queen cells as ,i extracted each week4 ,of course ,i only practised this with ,queens that were very prolific and had their hives boiling over with bees1 and united again as soon as honey failed and the brood was sufficiently contracted4 ,i foresee and forebear all the objections that will be urged to this plan1 and the main one will be1 8,why didn't you let your ,queenless hive hatch a ,queen80 ,well1 ,i'll tell you1 ,i wanted to see how much honey ,i could get from #be stocks of bees even if some of the stocks did live in what we call out ,west a 8double house40 ,i don't pretend that it is any better than the 8long idea0 plan1 except that when ,i wanted to contract my stock ,i had no 8empty rooms0 to carry into winter quarters4 ,i am satisfied that the mammoth yields are from mammoth colonies4 ,my yield is called enormous here but is small to what some report4 ,i started with #ag colonies that had to be fed until ,june #aeth4 ,i increased by dividing1 to #be ,queens1 and gave #c of them1 double colonies as before described4 ,i got #baej lbs4 of honey1 #bjjj lbs4 of which was choice1 and put #bd colonies into winter quarters well supplied with stores4 ,i wasted the time of four of the best1 for four weeks of the best part of the season trying to get some box honey4 ,all ,i got for my trouble1 was my pains1 and the natural swarms1 which ,i summarily returned1 after throwing those honey boxes as far as ,i could send them1 extracting every one of their sealed combs full of honey and destroying their queen cells4 ,let those who can1 raise box honey1 ,i had rather raise extracted for #d;c per lb4 than to wait all summer for box honey and then get none1 for a dollar a pound4 ,the boxes were put on 8according to ,hoyle10 they had nice starters1 they were tight1 and all right every way only the bees would not move in4 ,i am afraid they are the ,novice breed and aren't in the box honey business4 ,after ,i took off the boxes and took their honey1 didn't they work though8 ,well ,novice1 ,i've spun this yarn long enough now and am not half done1 if you get tired reading why throw the whole away4 ,if ,i ever come within fifty miles of ,medina ,i am going to stop and see you and bore you worse than ,i do by letter4 ,i'll tell you how ,i sold my honey4 ,wyoming1 ,wis4 ,dec4 #afth1 #ahgd4 ,don't go to the expense of coming here1 friend ,j41 it would hardly pay you we fear1 but do keep on giving us just such sketches from your ,apiary4 ,we do believe you have hit on a plan that will prove many times quite practicable4 ,for instance the ,simplicity hive with1 ,langstroth frames1 so long as one story will hold the bees1 is to us the simplest1 and easiest handled of any thing we have ever used in the shape of a bee hive1 and we have studied long and earnestly in regard to some plan of uniting two of them side by side4 ,all of these plans required too much tinkering4 ,if we made holes for communication1 through either hive1 bottom board1 or cover1 these holes would have to be plugged up at other times1 and would look ungainly4 ,your plan of using them without other means of communication1 than through the entrance1 we confess is novel and so far as your experiment is concerned1 seems quite practicable4 ,he who shows us how we can keep pace with modern improvements1 and still keep the hives we have already in use1 is truly a benefactor4 ,to use the ,simplicity hives thus1 both entrances should be turned to the south1 and the two hives placed close together4 ,the covers in this case should be hinged to the front so as to turn up against the grape vine trellis1 or hinges may be dispensed with entirely4 ,in the height of the season1 both hives can be pushed1 well forward over the bottom boards1 thus making the entrances the whole length4 ,should this prove 8too much entrance10 bank sawdust up by the outside corners4 ,in making so many new colonies last season1 we governed the size of the entrances to exclude robbers1 almost entirely with sawdust1 and it answered the purpose more completely to our satisfaction1 than any other plan we have ever used4 ,also1 when the nights became cool1 we banked sawdust clear around the hives1 to close the cracks between the hive and bottom board4 ,we are a great friend to sawdust2 it keeps down the weeds1 gives you a clean place to work1 is clean and orderly for a small dooryard for the bees1 and enables you to make just such an entrance as you desire4 ,beg pardon we forgot sawdust wasn't our topic4 ,our ,standard hive with its permanent bottom board without cracks1 and its capacity for #ah or #bj combs without any fussing etc4 etc41 would perhaps be best1 but then1 8we haven't got 'em10 as friend ,j4 says1 and just at present we rather prefer to use the hives we have already in use4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,dimensions ,,of ,,frames ,,etc4 ,,mr4 ,,novice ,,co3--,arn't we greenies glad that we settled down on our own ,standard frame before you decreed something that one must print the dimensions with chalk over his work bench lest he forget it4 ,we dislike the everlasting vulgar fractions and odd and even numbers about the size of frames4 ,we adopted #ab inches inside of frame--#add square inches of emptiness--until filled with comb4 ,now any body can remember this size--and every one can build outside their frames just what kind of hive he pleases4 ,it is just the nicest frame for taking in one hand1 and for turning this way and that way for inspection and work1 and also for leaving one hand to do something else1 and we do find plenty for the free hand to do--all it can do sometimes4 ,then for shipping1 why they are just the nicest and handiest frames ever made1 and for housing too1 hives of #aj frames pack away like brick in a wall4 ,so you see we are not a bit sorry for ourselves--and we are so glad to have the ladies with us1 we have ,mrs4 ,tupper who is a representative character and carries the women with her in this matter4 ,of course we are sorry your wind-mill won't work for us in the wood work of our hives at the 8,standard prices0 but we can't be driven by wind into abandoning our #abab--8,on this firm rock etc40 ,why our hives are so jealous they won't let one frame of the ,factory of the ,wind1 enter their yard now--we have no doubt that to set down one of your vulgar fraction and odd number frame hives would raise a mighty buzz and set all the #ab inches on a revolution against any such vulgar innovation4 ,by the way we have got a hive 8the likes on't you never did see40 ,we took the ,alley hive--paid the right to it too--and now we have some ,alley1 and some ,quinby1 and some of our own whims1 and it is going to be just the nicest and handiest of a' the bee gums that can be found in ,patentdom or out of it4 ,may be we'll tell you what it is some day--if you want us to bother you4 ,we--that is we greenies--use the ,isham honey box--the nicest1 staunchest1 and handiest honey box we ever saw4 ,we know him he lives round here1 he has a patent on his box--we saw his papers1 all reg'lar--he deserves them too--has lately sold three counties to an apiarian who has seen a good many such affairs1 and sold for a handsome sum4 ,if you saw it1 you would want a ,state at least--the work would suit your taste4 ,now to finish all this rigmarole and to convince you that we are your friend1 tho' we expect you will blow us with a stiff breeze1 we say--we frankly confess1 that we have tried your tin corners for frames1 after using wooden ones1 and we don't want to see in our hives another frame that has not those same tin corners4 ,and our green advice to all beginners is1 don't make a single frame till you get these corners4 ,we shall get rid of all our frames which have not these corners just as fast as we can4 ,we have tried several hundred of them and now we send our orders for #fejj more with the cash1 as evidence that we mean what we say4 #b4 ,,eroappians4 ,we can give full address to any who may desire1 but the writer at present prefers a nom de plume4--,ed4 ,at the risk of having the above sound something like a puff for the corners1 we have decided to give it a place1 especially as some disparaging remarks that have been given might tend towards giving an impression that the corners hardly deserve4 ,we will cheerfully give place to anything on the contrary side1 coming from any ,apiary where they have been considerably used4 ,our friends are in error about ,mrs4 ,tupper using a frame #abab inside4 ,variety of taste has dictated so many different thicknesses of the stuff composing the frames1 that we cannot see how our friend gets rid of fractions by using inside dimensions as a standard4 ,we have seen end bars in use one inch in thickness and top bars with a massive comb guide still thicker4 ,supposing we all should adopt a uniform size inside of frame1 where would be the outside1 and what would be dimensions of hive to suit8 ,we can readily make metal cornered frames to agree in outside dimensions1 with any frame in use1 and this allows them to be worked in the same hive mixed up with the old ones1 thus giving the owner a fair chance to contrast their lightness1 ease in handling1 and at the same time greater capacity for brood and honey1 from the larger comb surface4 ,we certainly don't want any of your friend's 8rights0 but if you will send us a sample of his honey box1 we will cheerfully help him sell it1 if we think it meritorious4 ,let him manufacture and supply all demand1 and let his patent papers protect him in so doing4 ,nice honey boxes should be made by machinery1 and ordinary bee-keepers would prefer to buy rather than to make them4 99 99 99 99 99 ,a ,,novel ,,idea ,,in ,,wintering4 ,,with ,,some ,,other ,,important ,,facts4 ,i have used several hives with an outside case filled in between with straw or leaves1 for five or six years4 ,also hives with double boarded sides and ends with dead air space between the boards but ,i fail to see that they do any better than the single boards4 ,last winter a small colony in a hive of inch boards wintered well without any protection except the quilt covering on top1 and the entrance closed with a piece of wool when the weather was freezing4 ,i have two small colonies 7made up in the fall of my nucleus hives7 in the same hives1 and they have stood thus far as well as others4 ,the only difference that ,i see1 is that they are more apt to fly out when the sun shines brightly1 and need shading4 ,another experiment4--,i saw it stated that empty space beneath the bees was of great advantage4 ,last winter ,i removed all the frames from the lower story of a hive and left the colony to winter in the upper story4 ,they did well1 but it was a very fine strong colony and proves nothing4 ,this winter ,i have quite a weak colony wintering in the upper story and doing very well so far4 ,third experiment4--,some years ago ,i was preparing my bees for winter by removing frames from upper story and putting on quilts4 ,in one very strong colony the bees remained on top the frames in large numbers4 ,i pulled off an old wool hat and placed over them and spread the quilt over that4 ,i found the bees filled the hat and remained in it all winter4 ,since then ,i have used all the old hats ,i can find4 ,i notice in some instances that half the bees of the colony are in the hat4 ,when those in the hat get hungry1 and those below get cold1 how nice and easy it is for them to exchange places1 much easier than to go from the outside of the cluster to the inside over or around the frames--that is1 provided that is their way of doing--for instance1 when one little fellow's feet get cold he goes inside to warm them1 and another little fellow comes out to take his place4 ,this ,i believe is the generally received theory4 ,i noticed it so stated lately by one of our most distinguished bee masters1 7,m4 ,q4 in ,am4 ,agriculturist74 ,as ,i never saw any such commotion among them as would necessarily be the consequence of all this changing in cold weather1 you must excuse me for being somewhat skeptical about4 ,has anyone actually observed this continual changing places in cold weather8 ,akin to this is another statement we frequently see made--that the colder the weather the more the bees require to eat to keep up the animal heat4 ,this is all very nice in theory1 but so far as ,i have observed1 the bees are very quiet and still in cold weather1 and scarcely consume any honey at all4 ,these may be subjects worthy of investigation4 ,i don't propose to discuss them here4 ,i have experimented some with the ,adair-,gallup long idea hive1 or rather 8,new ,idea0 long hive4 ,i used two hives three feet long1 one with large frames #ac square--the other with my standard narrow frames4 ,i gave them the strongest colonies ,i had1 and ,i must confess that neither of them gave as much satisfaction as the plain two story hives4 ,they may not have been long enough 787 they did not swarm and did not fill the few empty frames ,i gave them4 ,i am aware that these experiments do not conclusively establish any particular fact or theory in bee-keeping but they may throw a little light on some points1 and ,i find them useful in my own practice4 ,,thaddeus ,,smith1 ,point ,peelee ,island1 ,ont41 ,can4 ,friend ,s4 it seems1 has the rare good sense to see that single experiments do not settle a matter by any means4 ,we are quite taken up with the old hat idea4 ,get one just large enough to hold your colony1 and keep plenty of sealed honey below them1 and they will be in the best possible wintering trim1 if we know aught of bees4 ,we once wintered a colony without any honey board4 ,we supposed they had been given the ordinary allowance with the rest but may have been mistaken4 ,they were out of food before ,march1 but they had commenced to rear brood briskly--rather in advance of the rest4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,section ,,honey ,,boxes4 ,it is at least too bothersome for me to make the ,harbison frames1 as per ,,gleanings2 ,i have made some very nice frame boxes1 top and end pieces all #a inches wide1 ends are #e inches long and top and bottoms #f inches long and nailed to end pieces1 which are thick and top and bottom inch thick2 outside sections are #a wide with a groove to receive a glass #ef4 ,i place the pieces in a long bottomless box or frame1 wedge them up together and nail them1 and then fasten strips of stout paper across them4 ,i forgot to say in the proper place1 that for an entrance ,i cut a notch in each side of the bottom pieces #b inches4 ,i leave the bottom pieces wide because it makes a better box and is more convenient1 one box can be raised up and another placed under it without much danger of killing bees1 use a wax guide in each frame4 ,r4 ,s4 ,,becktell1 ,new ,buffalo1 ,mich4 ,as it is a little inconvenient to cut the notches in the ,harbison frame with our circular saws1 we think they may be omitted and the stout paper used as above4 ,in making these light frames1 perhaps it would be well to fix on a size that would allow of putting #d or #f inside our large frames4 ,quinby advises this with his new hive1 and illustrates it in ,am4 ,ag4 for ,feb4--,ed4 99 99 99 99 99 ,gleanings in ,bee ,culture1 ,published ,monthly1 ,a4 ,i4 ,,root ,,co41 ,,editors ,,and ,,proprietors ,,medina1 ,,ohio4 ,terms3 #ge;c4 ,per ,annum4 ,including ,postage4 ,for ,club ,rates see ,last ,page4 ,,medina1 ,,mar4 #a1 #ahge4 99 99 99 99 99 ,almighty ,father6 ,we pray that thy blessing may accompany each separate number of our little ,journal on its mission among the bee-keepers of our land4 ,may each and every one of us bear our losses during the present and ensuing months1 should such there be1 with a proper spirit of resignation to events we cannot control4 ,give us also that cool1 calm1 and deliberate frame of mind1 that best prepares us to look earnestly about1 and see what means thou hast placed within our reach to avert a repetition of our past troubles during the spring months4 ,give us submission1 without a spirit of idleness1 and teach us to work while we pray4 ,enable your servant to deserve the great trust1 that he has never until now felt has been accorded him4 ,give him that humility that will enable him to forget self and labor honestly for the benefit of his brother bee-keepers1 and to deserve the confidence they repose in him4 99 99 99 99 99 ,a4 ,b4 ,j41 ,magazine1 and ,world1 for ,feb4 were all on hand in fair time1 and are all good4 99 99 99 99 99 ,kruschke ,bros4 are now supplied with ,rapp and ,esparcet seeds just imported2 see advertisement4 99 99 99 99 99 ,with pleasure we refer our friends wanting ,queens or full colonies1 to the advertis't of ,j4 ,oatman ,co4 99 99 99 99 99 ,chinese ,mustard seed seems difficult to find1 but we shall have some in due time we think1 even if it has to be imported4 99 99 99 99 99 ,we shall have to refer all those inquiring for bees to our advertising columns4 ,everything we have for sale is in our price list4 99 99 99 99 99 ,summer ,rape seed1 ,american grown1 by mail in cloth bags1 per lb41 #be;c42 per express #ae;c4 ,these will be our rates for the season4 99 99 99 99 99 ,photo's for the ,medley are still coming in1 and as we wish to include all that will send them1 we shall delay it perhaps a week after this number reaches you4 ,remember this is the last call1 and that we wish to include every bee-keeper whose eye meets these pages4 99 99 99 99 99 ,on page #ajd of ,vol4 #b4 ,mr4 ,quinby says the ,queen of ,mr4 ,elwood's colony that produced the great yield1 came from us2 yet in ,mr4 ,elwood's report page #ai1 current ,vol41 it does not so appear4 ,who is in error8 ,we certainly wish no credit given the dollar ,queens which they have not earned4 99 99 99 99 99 ,we are happy to say ,miss ,a4 7,p4 ,g47 has recovered from the fever and is again at her accustomed post4 ,we trust our friends will now have less cause to complain of the types and other small items1 that have of late too often prevented things going with the promptness and accuracy that makes business a pleasure4 99 99 99 99 99 ,it seems some of the other sex are determined to have the 8last word0 in regard to bee stings2 a privilege we accord them with all the good will imaginable1 after we have mentioned for the benefit of beginners1 that no matter how distressing are the symptoms at first1 they will very soon get inured to the poison1 and finally1 no swelling will ensue at all4 99 99 99 99 99 ,this is the month for feeding the rye and oat meal1 with most of our readers4 ,put in shallow boxes out of the wind1 but in the sun as much as possible4 ,here is a chance for you to exercise your ingenuity in so arranging a glass sash1 as to secure these conditions1 and yet not trouble the bees by having them bump against the glass by mistake4 ,if they don't notice the meal1 as some complain they will not1 start them by giving a piece of comb honey laid in the midst of the meal2 get a few bees on the comb from several hives until they have got a taste1 if you cannot start them otherwise4 ,when they begin on natural pollen they will take little notice of the meal4 ,equal parts of oats and rye ground fine seems to please our bees best4 99 99 99 99 99 ,we are very sorry indeed to be obliged to say that we think 8,money in the ,apiary0 by ,h4 ,a4 ,burch1 by no means worth the price 7#be;c47 asked for it4 ,the more so as our relations with ,mr4 ,b4 of late have been of the most friendly nature1 and he has uniformly spoken well of ,,gleanings4 ,the book is entirely too small1 containing only about one-fourth the matter of a single number of any one of our ,bee ,journals4 ,king's ,bee-,keeper's ,text book1 only costs #ae;c4 more1 and yet it is a work of #adj pages1 condensed1 and to the point1 alphabetically indexed1 etc4 etc4 ,money in the ,apiary contains less than #bj pages1 less in size1 and some of it unimportant matter at that4 ,we advertised the work without seeing it which we regret1 but it would be unkind1 and do no good now to find fault with what is past2 shall we not rather consider a remedy that will do justice all around8 ,our advice would be that ,mr4 ,burch give his patrons four just such pamphlets1 for the #be;c4 he has received1 and make it a quarterly4 ,if he will do this1 we will give him a standing advertisement gratis4 99 99 99 99 99 ,feb4 #bdth4--,all three of the hives1 that we are wintering out-doors1 have come through so far in good condition so far as bees are concerned1 although they spot their hives and the ground badly4 ,the hive bro't from a distance worst of all2 the one prepared with woolen by ,miss ,a41 next1 and the ,standard hive best of all4 ,the latter stands just where1 and just as it did when we left off extracting1 has had no preparation nor tinkering1 and is all in complete trim to extract again1 so soon as its #bj combs are filled4 ,could we be sure of making a whole ,apiary winter like this one1 we should feel quite relieved1 even if we were obliged to put two fair colonies into every hive to do it4 ,the ,queen has just commenced laying4 ,we were agreeably surprised to find that almost every bee from these three safely regained their hives1 while those in the forcing house1 collect in masses on the glass1 get nearly all of them into one hive1 and seem in a fair way at present to become utterly demoralized1 although they have reared quite a patch of brood during this month in some of the hives4 ,will others using the cold frames1 please send us minute reports8 ,even though our own now looks discouraging1 we are going to give it a careful test to the best of our ability1 clear through4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,double ,,wall ,,hives ,,for ,,wintering ,,and ,,the ,,finn ,,bee ,,hive4 ,it will be observed that we have among our advertisements1 one of the ,finn ,bee ,hive4 ,in receiving this1 we feel it a duty to state frankly our opinion of the matter1 and then if the parties think we should1 we will cheerfully return the #a4jj they have paid us for this one insertion4 ,of course what we say here must only be taken for our own opinion1 and in the matter of selling rights we may have been unduly severe4 ,in matters of this kind it is a very safe rule to ask ourselves if we are honestly doing as we would be done by4 ,if ,messrs ,keyes ,finn made hives for sale such as they advise and sold them for a fair price1 there could certainly be no wrong1 for very many bee-keepers of late stoutly affirm that bees do winter safely in hives well protected1 on their summer stands1 while those side by side1 not so protected1 perish4 ,in order to show both sides of the question1 we give the following3 ,they are stowed away in boxes parked with straw4 ,kept good in that way winter of '#gb and '#gc1 all that were packed early4 ,those that were packed in ,jan4 of same winter died1 though stronger in bees and honey4 ,w4 ,s4 ,,lunt1 ,fostoria1 ,o4 ,jan4 #eth1 #ahge4 99 99 99 99 99 ,at present1 ,feb4 #ajth1 #ch below zero4 ,i put #bh hives in the cellar and have lost one4 ,they are too cold1 temperature varies from #bi to #cd4 ,i would prefer #db as nearly as possible to keep them4 ,i put up #bj in rough boxes on summer stands1 boxes six inches larger than hives1 filled in with shavings4 ,i have wintered so two years and never lost any4 ,they seem in fine condition but it is quite expensive--cost me #ae4jj to put up the twenty hives but think it pays well4 ,would like to have them all put up in the same way4 ,one of my neighbors had three stocks in box hives and has lost them all1 think the loss will be quite severe in this vicinity4 ,,lewis ,,kelly1 ,smyrnia1 ,ionia ,co41 ,mich4 99 99 99 99 99 ,having had the pleasure of a visit to the ,apiary of ,j4 ,s4 ,hill ,sons1 near ,mt4 ,pleasant1 ,i will1 with your permission1 ,mr4 ,editor1 say a few words in regard to it4 ,any one entering their bee yard can see at first glance that there is the best of order1 system and management4 ,it contains #he large ,langstroth hives completely storm and weather proof1 adapted alike to the storms and zero cold of winter1 and the broiling sun of ,july and ,august4 ,perfect ventilation with no possible chance of a draft of cold air on the bees1 and no danger of moisture of frost in the hive to give the bees the dysentery4 ,mr4 ,hill having years ago been convinced that cellar wintering would not do in our changeable climate1 has given a great deal of thought1 time and attention to the business of out-door wintering2 that he has made it a success1 is proven by the fact that his loss in the past four or five years1 has been very light1 in fact scarcely any loss at all2 while others all around him lost heavily4 ,he manages to get them through winter1 strong in numbers and is not troubled with colonies dwindling down in spring and deserting their hives1 as did so many the past two years where they had been wintered in cellars and other repositories4 ,mr4 ,hill is a firm believer in strong stocks--in keeping them strong the year round--takes the position that the only sure way to have strong colonies in early spring1 is to see to it that they are strong in the fall4 ,his location is not nearly as good for honey as many others1 yet the amount he takes yearly would satisfy many of us who are in more favored localities2 his only dependance for surplus1 is white clover1 having no poplar1 linden1 or buckwheat1 consequently the honey season is rather short1 ending by ,july #ast4 ,the hive used by ,mr4 ,hill is1 of course1 not a dollar hive1 and would perhaps be thought1 by some bee-keepers1 to be entirely too expensive1 but all things considered ,i believe it to be the cheapest for out-door wintering4 ,,jonas ,,scholl1 ,lyons ,station1 ,ind4 ,jan4 #fth1 #ahge4 ,were we to stop here1 we might think the matter settled1 but why does ,quinby now advise a hive with only half inch boards as a protection4 ,his large hive was most perfectly adapted for packing material on all sides of the bees1 even to a thickness of #h or #aj inches4 ,in the large ,apiaries about him would it be fair to suppose they had abandoned this plan before giving it a fair trial8 ,we should much like to hear from ,hetherington1 ,elwood1 and others in this matter4 ,see letter on page #bi4 ,the testimonials in regard to the ,finn hive are none of them from practical bee-keepers such as are known through the ,journals1 and none of them owners of large ,apiaries4 ,if we wanted to make a hive such as they describe in their circular we assuredly should not think of buying a right for the privilege1 but if they would make us a hive at a reasonable price suitable for receiving our frames1 so that we could easily set a colony into one1 we would prefer to buy of them rather than make one4 ,if ,adam ,grimm1 and ,capt4 ,hetherington will give their opinion in regard to double wall hives compared with single ones for out-door wintering1 we will cheerfully pay any reasonable sum for service4 ,during our protracted cold weather1 many complaints have come in1 in regard to ice forming in hives left out-doors1 and many losses are reported already4 ,in cases like these1 we do think the straw mats a great advantage1 and is it not possible that they are as efficient as the expensive double walls8 99 99 99 99 99 ,,honey ,,column4 99 99 99 99 99 ,friend ,root3--,please name a few parties of whom ,i can buy ,basswood honey and oblige4 ,,chas4 ,f4 ,,muth1 ,cincinnati1 ,o4 ,feb4 #crd1 #ahge4 99 99 99 99 99 ,i have now on hand about #fj gallons of that choice thick ,clover honey1 same as you bought of me1 there is very little sale for it here4 ,price #ah;c41 delivered here4 ,,wm4 ,,payne1 ,spencer1 ,medina ,co41 ,o4 ,feb4 #a4 99 99 99 99 99 ,have sold our ,catnip honey to ,w4 ,g4 ,smith4 ,st4 ,louis1 #ae cts4 delivered1 he paid promptly4 ,the barrel came to #fd4ee net2 that isn't bad is it8 ,shall set out half an acre of plants next spring1 and sow some seed too4 ,j4 ,l4 ,,wolfenden1 ,adams1 ,wis4 99 99 99 99 99 ,i sent my honey to ,barber ,stout1 ,cincinnati1 ,o41 got #ae cts4 cash on delivery and was paid to a cent4 ,i also sent ,j4 ,lippincott1 of ,pittsburg1 ,pa41 one barrel4 ,now ,novice1 please accept my most profound thanks for your assistance in disposing of my honey1 by your recommendations to the two above named honey men4 ,there is nothing like keeping bees to restore a burned farm1 and dollars are by far the best chromos4 ,j4 ,,duffeler1 ,wequiock1 ,wis4 ,dec4 #afth1 '#gd4 99 99 99 99 99 ,humbugs and ,swindles ,pertaining to ,bee ,culture4 99 99 99 99 99 ,we respectfully solicit the aid of our friends in conducting this department1 and would consider it a favor to have them send us all circulars that have a deceptive appearance4 ,the greatest care will be at all times maintained to prevent injustice being done any one4 99 99 99 99 99 ,we cut the following from ,e4 ,c4 ,hazard ,co's circular1 #aib ,chambers ,st41 ,n4 ,y4 ,,honey4 ,these packages are made of flint glass1 tight1 very attractive1 convenient size1 and salable1 possessing a marked advantage over all other ,honey in the market1 because of its non-congealing tendencies4 ,the ,extracted ,honey in bottles and tin1 culled from ,alsike ,clover1 and ,orange blossoms and thrown from the comb by centrifugal force1 is entirely free from all foreign substances and will be found to possess the delicate ,,bouquet and medicinal qualities so seldom found in the ordinary commercial article4 ,e4 ,c4 ,h4 ,,co',s ,,pure ,,extracted ,,honey3 ,in ,quarts1 ,fancy ,decanters1 per doz4 #d4ej ,we might think this a mistake but the ,grocery and ,provision ,review of ,jan4 #ahth1 quotes precisely same prices4 ,as a quart of good honey weighs #c lbs41 these good people are selling it at #ab;c4 per lbs4 and charging nothing for those ,fancy ,decanters1 packages1 cost of putting up etc41 etc41 and yet producers get from #ae to #af4 99 99 99 99 99 ,reports ,encouraging4 99 99 99 99 99 ,i can report #hej lbs4 comb and #aej lbs4 extracted honey from six swarms with ,quinby hive4 ,o4 ,j4 ,,hetherington4 ,east ,saginaw1 ,mich4 ,nov4 #beth1 #ahgd4 99 99 99 99 99 ,from #cd hives we took #cjjj lbs41 #fjj lbs4 box and balance extracted4 ,t4 ,e4 ,,hawkins ,,bro4 ,new ,frankfort1 ,mo4 ,dec4 #ahth1 #ahgd1 99 99 99 99 99 ,twenty-three colonies of ,italian bees made #afj lbs4 of extracted honey to the colony last year up to ,july #aeth4 ,,john ,,scheerer1 ,ridgley1 ,mo4 99 99 99 99 99 ,i commenced last spring with one swarm on three combs1 and they were not crowded at that4 ,i extracted #ee lbs4 honey1 increased to four that have #bb lbs4 average of their own stores4 ,o4 ,w4 ,,parker1 ,new ,london1 ,minn4 ,dec4 #beth1 #ahgd4 99 99 99 99 99 ,twenty-two stocks in spring--taken #aabj lbs4 extracted honey1 #bhh lbs4 box honey1 have now #df strong stocks and #ad ,queen rearing nuclei and weak stocks4 ,increased by artificial and natural swarming and lost several natural swarms4 ,m4 ,,parse4 ,pine ,bluff1 ,ark4 ,nov4 #bbnd1 #ahgd4 99 99 99 99 99 ,i had #bf stocks of bees last spring in ,langstroth hives1 one-half of them were very weak4 ,i got #aajj lbs4 of box honey from #bj stocks1 it was sold for from #bj to #bh cts4 per lb4 ,i have increased my bees this year to #de stocks which ,i have put into winter quarters with from #cj to #ce lbs4 each4 ,wm4 ,j4 ,,dedrick1 ,borodino1 ,n4 ,y4 ,dec4 #adth1 '#gd4 99 99 99 99 99 ,i had #fj swarms in the spring1 some of them very light in bees4 ,i increased to #ajj1 from natural swarming1 and they made a little over #ejjj lbs4 of box honey1 including that not capped4 ,i hived no second swarms4 ,i used virgin ,queens mostly1 and cells4 ,often some would be about hatching2 ,i would then put them in after a swarm issued4 ,bees seem to be wintering well4 ,d4 ,c4 ,mc,c,a,l,h,o,u,n1 ,hornellsville1 ,n4 ,y4 ,feb4 #ast1 '#ge4 99 99 99 99 99 #cb swarms in spring1 made #cjjj lbs4 surplus1 increased to #ej1 7of course it was all extracted7 and have sold it all for #ae cts4 per lb4 delivered on track4 ,the honey was nearly all from basswood1 clover did not do much4 ,the fall was very dry and the bees got very little after basswood failed4 ,don't know how they will winter1 but they are all right yet4 ,,james ,,scott1 ,epworth1 ,dubuque ,co41 ,iowa4 99 99 99 99 99 ,last winter ,i put up #fh swarms1 all came through alive but lost #d which were ,queenless2 sold two more which left me #fb4 ,increased them the past season to #ii swarms and got #bfjj lbs4 box honey and #fjj lbs4 extracted1 for which ,i realized about #fjj4jj4 ,i sold #ca swarms for #g4ej each1 so it leaves me with #fh swarms again this winter1 all of which seem to be wintering well4 ,w4 ,h4 ,,tenant1 ,eureka1 ,wis4 ,jan4 #ahth1 '#ge4 99 99 99 99 99 ,began the season with about #bj stocks in poor condition4 ,five stocks ,queenless in spring4 ,increased them to #cg in fall1 in apparent good condition to winter4 ,from #f stocks in non-swarmers1 took #efj lbs4 box honey2 from the best1 #aaj lbs41 from the poorest1 #fe lbs4 ,built up and increased the remaining stocks1 and took #gfj lbs4 liquid white honey from them4 ,fed in the fall1 #ae lbs4 8,a0 sugar4 ,reared during the summer1 #cf surplus ,italian ,queens4 ,j4 ,h4 ,,nellis1 ,canajoharie1 ,n4 ,y4 99 99 99 99 99 ,we have only extracted from #e stocks this summer as we thought best to 8go slow and sure40 ,well1 we took from those #e stocks over #cjj lbs4 of honey1 and increased them to #ac good stocks with plenty of honey for winter supplies1 while our other #d left for box honey and natural swarms1 have swarmed altogether too much1 and gave very little surplus4 ,and worst of all1 some of the young swarms went to the woods1 in spite of all our endeavors to prevent them4 ,,ila ,,michener1 ,low ,banks1 ,ont41 ,can4 ,oct4 #ai1 '#gd4 99 99 99 99 99 ,the summer was very dry1 so there was very little honey stored4 ,but the fall was unusually fine4 ,four stocks devoted to box honey1 gave #abh lbs41 an average of #cb lbs4 per stock4 ,nine stocks yielded to the extractor #gda lbs41 an average of #hb lbs4 per stock4 ,the largest yield from any one stock was #aec lbs4 ,i increased my #ac to #bc and they go into winter quarters in good condition with #ej lbs4 of stores per hive4 ,i should have extracted a little closer1 but was away from home at the time it should have been done4 ,,dr4 ,w4 ,h4 ,p4 ,,jones1 ,nashville1 ,tenn4 99 99 99 99 99 ,last year ,i tried small frames something like ,harbison's1 only ,i had them so that the bees could work all ways through them--could tier them up etc4 ,it was on a ,quinby hive or rather frame1 put small frames on sides and top1 got between #ij and #ajj lbs4 of comb honey and one swarm of bees besides4 ,i shall try them several ways the coming season4 ,the best ,i have done with boxes is about the same as above4 ,my frame is #adaj inches1 inside measure--have three ,new ,idea hives--bees swarmed out of them while ,i was extracting in spite of all ,i could do4 ,how's that8--never saw such a season for swarming--returned most of mine4 ,i have only #bf swarms and do not want to increase if ,i can help it for ,i cannot attend to them4 ,i winter in a large cellar and lose no bees1 keep up my experiments winter as well as summer-- that's half the fun4 ,most of my frames are so placed that the boxes come up plump against the ends of frames and are just as close to the brood as those on top and in fact the guide comb is a good deal nearer1 and no bee can stick his head out at the ends1 unless he sticks it in the boxes2 but ,i forget you are no box man6 ,r4 ,h4 ,,mellen1 ,amboy1 ,lee ,co41 ,ills4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,how ,,to ,,fly ,,bees ,,in ,a ,,room4 ,in the spring of '#gc bought two colonies of bees1 having poor health thought the attention to them in the open air would be beneficial2 finding the business so pleasant and profitable concluded to make it a permanent business1 and have given my whole attention to it4 ,increased my two colonies to ten1 bought #ab more1 making in all #bb4 ,all came out good in the spring of '#gd1 and ,i got #bajj lbs4 box honey and #djj lbs4 extracted1 and increased to #dg4 ,i have now #fe colonies in my cellar all in good condition except one1 which showed signs of dysentery4 ,i gave them a fly1 and this is how ,i did it4 ,took pine strips one inch square1 made a frame #d feet square and #b deep2 covered sides with news-papers tacked on1 spread papers on the carpet of sitting room near south window4 ,set my frame on it covering the top with mosquito bar1 set hive outside with entrance opening into it through a hole cut in paper4 ,waited until bees were all quiet then warmed up room to #fe1 standing thermometer against hive2 all flew well for five hours1 cleaned out their hive1 and as darkness came on1 all returned to hive again1 making it a perfect success4 ,the papers were badly soiled4 ,shall serve the rest the same if necessary4 ,by flying them this way with but a trifling expense you need not lose a bee4 ,winter my bees in cellar with dirt walls1 temperature #dj to #de1 cellar very dry4 ,i use ,langstroth hive1 got most of my honey in #bj lb4 boxes1 two boxes cover a hive--not quite as salable but ,i get good deal more honey in large boxes4 ,box honey averaged me #bd;c4 per lb41 extracted #bj;c4 per lb4 ,extracted only to give room for the ,queens to lay4 ,d4 ,,bassford1 ,watertown1 ,wis4 ,jan4 #beth1 #ahge4 ,p4 ,s4--,would not advise any man to fly bees in the sitting room without the full consent of his better half4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,basswood ,,or ,,linden3 ,,starting ,a ,,plantation4 ,i have no ,linden seed on hand at present4 ,the seed should be planted in the fall or kept in damp sand and planted early in spring4 ,as a general thing the seeds are about two-thirds bad4 ,i think cuttings are best to raise plants from4 ,they nearly all grow1 if rightly handled4 ,i sell the cuttings in spring at #cj cts4 per #ajj1 free by mail4 ,,thomas ,j4 ,,ward1 ,st4 ,mary's1 ,vigo ,co41 ,ind4 ,the above answers many inquiries4 ,in the fall of #ahga we gathered and planted about a half peck of basswood seed1 according to the directions given in ,fuller's ,forest ,tree ,culturist4 ,so few of these came up that we never used them at all1 preferring to get our #djjj for the #aj acres from the forests4 ,we have reason to think that basswoods grow better when partially shaded1 than in the open ground4 ,on a part of our lot1 there are about #ej large white oaks2 we at first hesitated about planting the young trees among these1 but now find those among them1 have made the best growth of all4 ,perhaps many of our readers have noticed the rank vigorous growth that these trees often make when young1 where they stand in a thicket of bushes and briers sometimes in fence corners4 ,shading the ground around the roots1 from the hot sun1 when young1 we think perhaps an important item4 ,although we have never tried cuttings1 we think it probable they would answer excellently4 ,a tree on one of our streets that was planted out with some maples about seven years ago1 blossomed last year for the first time1 but it was taken up when so large that it did not begin to grow1 until about three years after transplanting4 ,for reasons mentioned1 we should advise close planting at first1 say #aj or #ab feet apart1 on a plan similar to the one given in ,vol4 #a1 pages #b and #be1 for locating hives in the ,apiary4 ,when the trees get crowded1 thin out4 ,the timber will soon pay all expenses4 99 99 99 99 99 ,heads of ,grain1 ,,from ,,different ,,fields4 99 99 99 99 99 ,listen to the patent right vender and do nothing but shake your head1 says the ,rural ,new ,yorker1 but ,i don't approve of that way4 ,my ,mother often told me when ,i was little that ,i would learn to butt if ,i shook my head so much4 ,i will tell you how ,i served an 8,agent10 of some kind4 ,i was in my ,apiary working with my bees1 and he laid his satchel on a hive that was near1 and while he bothered me1 he still kept knocking the hive with his satchel4 ,the bees began to get cross1 but he didn't think you know4 ,pretty soon the bees came out and 8went for him0 lively1 he began to dodge and slap1 but he soon grabbed his satchel and began to 8beat a retreat10 slapping and cracking his head with the satchel and spoiling his fine hat all to pieces1 he 8hollered0 back he had enough of the bee business and left4 ,it was laughable to see him 8light out40 ,v4 ,mc,bride1 page #aa1 ,jan4 ,no4 says that during the winter of the malady1 all the bees in ,langstroth hives died1 and two-thirds in others etc4 ,i saw bees in all kinds of hives that died1 some in box hives from one foot to five feet high and some in some old washing machines turned up side down1 others in the gable end of a house1 some in the old straw hives and all kinds of patent hives1 and by the way they died in all kinds1 about the same4 ,some had the patent hives and lost their bees and then blamed the patent hive1 but ,i found it was their fault oftentimes1 as it makes it a little handier for them to divide their bees and to take their honey4 ,they think the patent hive ought to make honey without bees almost4 ,i guess the 8king0 don't manage right some how as some of those old farmers call them2 don't you think ,mr4 ,root1 that it is the ,king's fault that the bees die8 ,d4 ,h4 ,,ogden1 ,wooster1 ,o4 ,we guess it must be the ,king friend ,o41 for we feel sure the ,queen is not to blame4 ,our very best colony in #ahgc1 dwindled down to the weakest in the spring of '#gd4 ,they went down to a mere handful1 swarmed out twice1 and it was only by giving them hatching brood several times that we could barely get the ,queen through until ,july1 and then she proved herself fully equal to what she had been the season before2 in fact she kept putting two or more eggs in a cell all through the spring months4 ,it is only the workers that die off as soon as brood rearing commences4 ,the very same process is now going on in our forcing house 7,feb4 #eth47 yet the brood will get ahead we think4 ,keeping the sick bees warm in the lamp nursery revives them some but they soon die nevertheless4 ,the idea advanced that it is a kind of fly that kills the bees1 can certainly have nothing to do with our losses4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,now ,,for ,,the ,,hot-,,bed4 ,jan4 #bbnd1 we let the sun in to the pit and at #b ,p4 ,m4 there was a perfect jollification1 just like a lot of young bees playing in summer4 ,and they did 8spot0 things inside the pit at a great rate1 showing they needed a fly4 ,as soon as it began to cool down they all went in to the hives except some dead ones on the straw1 no more than would have been found if they had flown the natural way1 and about two-thirds of a tea-cupful which were stuck on the sash in groups from one to a dozen4 ,these latter we brushed out on a dust pan and put in top of one of the hives1 as they were still alive1 and said hive was mighty 8sassy0 too2 seemed strong in bees1 plenty of honey1 and combs dry4 ,the pit was not dug till after the ground was frozen #h inches deep1 consequently there was considerable frost on the glass which we swept off as soon as the sun loosened it a little4 ,the dampness inside the pit was soon dried and everything went lovely4 ,we were going to hoist our hat for the hot-bed1 but guess we'll wait till spring before we shout too loud4 ,don't forget the 8,medley0 for we want to see ,katie ,grimm1 ,mr4 ,grimm1 and all the rest4 ,w4 ,m4 ,,kellogg1 ,oneida1 ,knox ,co41 ,ills4 99 99 99 99 99 ,a ,mr4 ,abbot1 of ,wakeman1 ,o41 uses leather instead of ,quilts4 ,he says the leather is cheaper and does not rattle or stick4 ,he fits them tight on the top of frames and they did not mould last winter and the bees wintered better than under quilts or tight frames4 ,my bees in my hot-house when it has been warm enough for them to fly 7no fire as yet7 readily find their way back to their own hives1 while those on their summer stands 7though protected on the top and north sides7 died by hundreds if not thousands on the snow as they lit and fell on it last week4 ,t4 ,l4 ,,waite1 ,berea1 ,o4 ,feb4 #dth4 '#ge4 ,we had an intimation some time ago that ,mr4 ,abbot had a remedy for propolis1 above the frames4 ,leather being porous1 might do very well1 but will it not kill bees when pressed down on them8 ,again1 can we get a piece that will cover a hive for the price of a quilt1 and what kind of leather is best8 ,mr4 ,abbot claimed that he had some valuable information to sell1 on the subject4 ,we presume most of you have discovered that those who claim to be possessed of valuable information1 not to be found in books1 are generally somewhat of a fraud2 never mind friend ,abbot1 if you have by experimenting got hold of something valuable1 bring it along4 ,we will pay you for your time and trouble4 99 99 99 99 99 ,i had to-day to open the entrance full size to almost all hives4 ,bees keep up a lively hum and are carrying in loads of pollen equal to spring work4 ,considering your mortality from disease and cold in the ,north and your continual trouble and anxiety1 ,i think we have far the advantage of you4 ,i lost one very weak swarm this winter by robbers4 ,this is by far the worst enemy ,i have to contend with4 ,j4 ,b4 ,,ramsey1 ,abbeville1 ,la4 ,jan4 #bast1 '#ge4 ,and with your advantages1 friend ,r41 why do you not build up larger ,apiaries1 and raise honey by the car load as do our friends in ,california8 ,we can imagine the smile of relief that would spread over the faces of some of our readers1 had they no worse trouble than robbers to contend with4 99 99 99 99 99 ,when ,i ordered the two first volumes ,i thought ,i could do without ,,gleanings #crd ,vol4--,but it won't ,,do4 ,don't forget the ,jan4 number4 ',,twont ,,do6 ,no1 if 8blue eyes0 falls down over the boards you must stop and help her up4 ,in our haste1 don't let us make a ,god of our ,bees4 ,have #ce stands in box to be transferred1 have adopted the ,standard4 ,shall want an extractor etc4 ,c4 ,m4 ,,joslin1 ,m4 ,d4 ,st4 ,charles1 ,mich4 99 99 99 99 99 ,i examined several of my colonies the #bjth of ,jan4 and found brood in all stages1 from the egg to the hatching bee4 ,one stock with brood on four combs4 ,lost none to date1 though one hive has soiled its combs considerably4 ,h4 ,,peden1 ,mitchellville1 ,tenn4 ,from several similar items1 we see it is nothing very unusual to find brood even in ,jan41 in the ,southern and ,middle states1 whether this is desirable or not1 we are unprepared to say4 99 99 99 99 99 ,many thanks friend 8,novice0 for the binder you sent me1 ,i never expected such a nice premium4 ,we have every number of 8,,gleanings0 in its proper place in the binder1 and let me tell every bee-keeper1 to get ,emerson's ,binder for 8,,gleanings10 then they can preserve them for their children's children if they like4 ,but 8,novice0 ,i never said 8confound it0 if ,i could not just find the desired number of ,,gleanings4 ,no indeed6 we always kept them in a drawer by themselves so that we always knew just where to find them4 7,teach us order and precision and then ask such a question as per advertisement47 8,novice0 tells us to 8have every comb built between one and the side of the hive0 in order to have them straight1 but it won't always work unless the old combs have brood or sealed honey at the top4 ,i have had the old combs widened out so as to fill the whole space1 and nothing put in the empty frame at all4 ,i believe this will always happen if empty frames are inserted immediately after extracting4 ,the remedy is1 use the ,standard hive1 move back the division board just to give room for one frame at a time1 move back the combs till you come to the middle of the brood nest1 insert the empty frame there1 and1 ,ho6 you will have the whole frame nearly filled1 with nice worker comb1 and eggs too before morning perhaps4 ,this should only be done when the bees are gathering honey nicely4 ,ila ,michener1 ,low ,banks1 ,ont41 ,can4 99 99 99 99 99 ,if it is only yourself that reads ,,gleanings1 they might easily be kept nice 8in a drawer10 but we confess that we felt rather flattered a short time since in visiting several bee friends1 to find the last number at one place conveniently on a stand with a pair of spectacles laid on the pages to keep the place1 and at another the number1 7although it had only been out a week7 looked as if some urchin had used it for a spelling book during a whole term at a country school4 ,it certainly had been used1 and we went our way rejoicing4 ,friend ,ila is right about strait combs1 and we thank him for the correction4 ,but beware of spreading the brood combs however1 before the weather is quite warm4 99 99 99 99 99 ,mr4 ,d4 ,dubois1 ,newburg1 ,orange ,co41 ,n4 ,y41 sends us an ingenious plan for a movable portico to be applied to any kind of a hive4 ,it is made of two boards #daa inches1 fastened together at the top like a letter ,a4 ,now imagine the horizontal cross bar on this letter1 a button1 with a screw through the centre to hold it up firmly to the hive1 and you have it all4 ,each end of this button is made with a projection that enters a slot cut in each of the boards1 but not quite through them4 ,by boring a hole just above the button1 we have an upper entrance1 with the button for an alighting board2 in the winter by turning this button perpendicularly1 it closes the upper entrance4 ,to keep the portico from slipping down1 a nail is driven just underneath the peak4 ,this allows us to make the upper and lower story just alike and yet have a portico if any body wants one4 ,after testing hives with1 and without1 for two seasons past1 we really cannot think it makes any difference either way with the honey crop4 ,our friend ,dean says a portico encourages the bees in hanging out of doors1 and he wants his bees in the hive4 ,now if the spiders should persist in making a new web in these porticos every morning1 as they sometimes do in ours1 we can easily lift them off and put them away4 ,some will probably always prefer porticos1 while others will not1 as in other things4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,dear ,,novice3--,please say to the inquisitive ones1 through 8,,gleanings10 that the #cd4de mentioned on front cover of ,no4 #f1 ,vol4 #b1 was the cost of the iron work mentioned in the same sentence1 at the factory4 ,that the saws1 bolts1 belting1 and lumber ran the bill for materials up to about #dh4jj4 ,that ,i put the machine together myself1 without adding to the figures4 ,that while the machine does do more accurate work1 than ,i have ever succeeded in having done1 by more portentous machinery2 nevertheless1 the idea of using human muscles1 as the motive power1 for the amount of work that looms up1 prospectively1 in the immediate future1 does not correspond1 very well1 with the boasted ingenuity of this age and nation4 ,therefore ,i am preparing to 8attach0 a lever horse power to the machine1 by means of a belt thrown over a pulley1 placed on the driving shaft4 ,this winter1 in these parts1 would do no discredit1 to an arctic region4 ,this morning the mercury fell to #dj below zero1 and was still going down1 when ,i took it in out of the cold2 because it had reached 7and in fact was a little below7 the end of the graduated scale1 at #dj4 ,the mercury in the cellar1 of late1 keeps vibrating about1 and near to the freezing point4 ,bees quiet4 ,d4 ,p4 ,,lane1 ,koshkonong1 ,rock ,co41 ,wis4 ,feb4 #i1 '#ge4 99 99 99 99 99 ,how long will it take to feed #be lbs4 of sugar syrup with the ,universal feeder to an average colony of bees in warm weather8 ,we have never tested the matter1 because we deemed feeding a pint or a quart a day1 more desirable in preparing for winter1 than more rapid feeding4 ,if the bags were made to hold about a quart each1 and were filled morning noon and night1 or oftener1 we could probably get them to take #be lbs4 in two or three days1 in warm weather4 ,how will molasses hhds4 answer for holding honey temporarily8 ,say1 take one head out--thoroughly clean--heat in the sun--then coat the inside with hot wax1 using a brush for the purpose4 ,when the honey candies there will be no difficulty in getting it out4 ,we would advise trying the plan you mention4 ,if you pour in a quantity of melted wax1 and run it all over the inside1 it will assuredly make it hold honey4 ,how long before you can give us a simple and infallible remedy for honey crystalizing8 ,such would be worth a good deal to me as my whole crop is sold in bottles and will not retail well in a solid state4 ,for the present1 will heating to the boiling point in a vessel set in water answer8 ,must the honey be bottled and sealed while hot or will it do as well when cold8 ,we find no trouble when we follow directions given heretofore1 viz41 heat your honey almost to a boil1 fill the jars full1 and seal at once1 while hot1 just as if it were fruit4 ,if not made hot enough1 it will candy again partially4 ,we think the writers who say that pure honey will always candy1 a little hasty4 ,the frames in my hives rest on a metal rabbet and are not secured at the bottom4 ,they slide about very easily4 ,when ,i send off a load of hives to an apiary1 ,i secure the frames by placing half inch strips reaching to the bottom board between the combs at each end4 ,it takes considerable time to fix them4 ,can you devise anything that will be less bother and answer equally well8 ,to be sure if we have frames perfectly movable1 they must of a necessity be made stationery when we wish to transport colonies and the question arises as to whether it is advisable to be bothered with any arrangement for keeping frames fixed1 every time we open a hive1 just because we have once in a great while a case that makes such an arrangement desirable4 ,in moving our bees to the swamp1 see ,vol4 #a1 page #ge1 we put strips between all of the end bars to the frames1 except one hive which was overlooked1 but as this hive had not been opened at all1 the bridge of wax from one comb to the next1 kept the frames all in their places4 ,this is generally sufficient for moving short distances1 where the combs have been in use several years1 and where they have not been taken out for some little time before moving4 ,in shipping bees considerable distances1 we know of no plan better than the sticks4 ,something could be added to the hive for this when making1 but would it be advisable1 when the hive in many apiaries may not require to be moved in years8 ,in moving the hives in doors and out1 even with ,metal ,corners as well as rabbets1 no preparation is needed1 if the hives are carried so that the frames do not oscillate by the motion of stepping4 ,are ,basswood trees ornamental1 and of rapid growth8 ,would they grow here8 ,our climate will admit of the culture of the hardier varieties of grapes4 ,g4 ,c4 ,,miller1 ,mt4 ,hanley1 ,annapolis ,co41 ,n4 ,s4 ,the ,basswood is a most beautiful tree for ornament1 and when it blooms the perfume extends for a great distance around4 ,it is a very rapid grower when once started and we believe is perfectly hardy so far as frost is concerned4 99 99 99 99 99 ,bees worked on rye flour all through the month of ,dec41 and most of the month of ,jan41 but are housed up now on account of cold4 ,i have #fh colonies mostly in good condition1 and think ,i will have same number when spring opens4 8,long may you wave40 ,j4 ,f4 ,,montgomery1 ,lincoln4 ,tenn4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,dear ,,novice3--,i am in favor of deep frames for these reasons3 ,experience has convinced me that bees winter better and breed earlier in deep than in shallow frames4 ,in hollow trees3 the natural home of the bee 7and the one they like most7 the depth is always greater than the width4 ,in shallow frames they have to spread out so thin1 or cluster on the cold honey1 that it makes it much harder to keep up the necessary warmth4 ,they seem to think they must have bees where they have honey2 and ,i have noticed these outside guards often get chilled and die at their post4 ,the natural place for bees to store honey1 is in the top of their combs2 and when they want to know what they have in store they look for it there2 hence we often see them start from the cluster run over the honey as if estimating it then pass into the cluster1 doubtless to report4 ,when the honey is directly over them ,i think they are more fully impressed with its possessions4 ,a hive #abab and #af inches in depth ,i believe is the best size and shape for wintering4 ,such a hive will allow plenty of honey in the top and enough empty comb at the bottom for the bees to cluster on1 and keep in a round form which is certainly the best4 ,but it will be said shallow frames are handier--should we not try to please our bees as well as ourselves8 ,again they swing together too badly--cannot some fixture be made to keep them apart8 ,what says ,novice8 ,,chas4 ,,wilkins1 ,ott1 ,oregon4 ,dec4 #dth1 '#ge4 ,but bees die in hollow trees nearly1 if not quite as badly as in hives2 as new swarms generally select these vacated hollow trees1 we forget that not one colony1 but a half dozen may have occupied the tree in a dozen years4 ,we know bees run over the combs1 frequently1 but we can hardly accept the idea that they do it exactly for the reason mentioned4 ,we do not use shallow frames for the reason that they are handier4 ,see pages #af1 ,vol4 #a1 and #bi1 ,vol4 #b4 ,if hives and frames are properly made1 they can be made to hang true even when #af inches deep4 99 99 99 99 99 ,i wish to have all understand that my one dollar ,queens are the poorest4 ,my prices are for a ,queen #a4jj1 for a choice ,queen #b4jj1 for a tested ,queen #e4jj4 ,j4 ,w4 ,,hosmer1 ,janesville1 ,minn4 ,the above was sent us by a subscriber1 who had written ,mr4 ,h4 in regard to #a4jj ,queens4 ,we are alone responsible for ,mr4 ,hosmer's name appearing in our list4 ,he wrote us that he had been selling ,queens for #a4jj for some years2 shortly after he sent us 7we presume by mistake7 #ge;c4 the second time4 ,as he made no reply in regard to a query as to how we should use this1 we took the liberty of keeping his name in during the year4 ,we need hardly repeat that we never intended dollar ,queens1 to include such as had been tested and found poor2 and we do not wish to include the names of any who propose to do this1 in our list4 99 99 99 99 99 ,i make a hive1 #ab frames about #aaac inches1 inside measure1 frames1 division boards1 entrance blocks1 bottom and cover1 with one cotton cloth feeder as you recommend1 painted three coats1 all complete for #a4ej4 ,if you wish1 you can say through ,,gleanings that ,i will give one of my hives complete for a sample to any one that will send you a club of #aj new subscribers for ,,gleanings1 from ,canada1 7no patent on it7 for #ahge by your giving them the certificate showing that they have done so4 ,d4 ,a4 ,,jones1 ,tecumseth1 ,can4 ,feb4 #h4 ,many thanks friend ,j4 ,we would be very glad to offer you something in this case1 but at #ej;c each there is scarcely any margin at all after paying expenses4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,friend ,,novice3--,my hives are #ae inches wide for ten frames2 would they be any better if narrower8 ,will bees work as well in small frames for surplus honey as in boxes8 ,do you think the bee business will ever be over-done in the ,united ,states8 ,h4 ,,libby1 ,lewiston1 ,me4 ,dec4 #adth1 #ahgd4 ,if you mean that you put ten frames in a space of #ae inches we should advise using eleven frames instead of ten4 ,if you mean #ae is the length of top bar1 we should consider it as good as any unless you use your hives two story1 in which case a little longer frame might be better4 ,small frames put inside of larger ones1 have often been tried but there are many difficulties2 they must be made very accurately1 to stay in place1 the bees do not seem to like so much wood in their way1 every thing is covered with propolis1 and their owner generally concludes that the arrangement is too much bother to use on a large number of hives4 ,we have just as much fear that too much butter and cheese will be produced1 or too many eggs1 as that the market will ever be overstocked with honey4 ,what has been the result with small fruits8 ,remember too that they are perishable goods1 while honey will keep safely for years4 99 99 99 99 99 ,in answer to ,j4 ,h4 ,irwin in ,feb4 ,no41 page #bb3 ,he can find as much comb honey in ,langstroth frames as he may need1 by writing ,paul ,dunken1 ,freeman1 ,cass ,co41 ,mo4 ,he has #ejj to #gjj frames4 ,w4 ,g4 ,,smith1 ,st4 ,louis1 ,mo4 ,feb4 #dth1 #ahge4 99 99 99 99 99 ,i thought it was quite settled now that to raise brood1 bees are obliged to have farina in some shape1 but ,i was amazed to find what a quantity they consume1 by starting my three colonies with only brood and #be or #cj bees to a hive4 ,i thought ,i was liberal in supplying them and they got on swimmingly at first1 then the dead brood commenced appearing and ,i gave them more pollen and all went well again4 ,i found out too that very young bees in an emergency like that1 gather pollen as well as older ones4 ,,annie ,,saunders1 ,woodville1 ,miss4 99 99 99 99 99 ,in '#gc my bees paid in honey sold #bb4ej1 in '#gd about #ab4jj per hive4 ,i have had your experience for the last two years in the loss of bees4 ,h4 ,w4 ,,miner1 ,saranac1 ,ionia ,co41 ,mich4 99 99 99 99 99 ,excellent season for bees1 had between #aejj and #bjjj lbs4 surplus in boxes4 ,sold1 for from #ah to #be;c per lb4 ,box hive man--can see no better way yet4 ,j4 ,f4 ,,temple1 ,ridgeway1 ,lenawee ,co41 ,mich4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,gleanings is indispensable1 but my wife says ,i get some new hobby from every number4 ,,wm4 ,h4 ,,root1 ,port ,byron1 ,n4 ,y4 ,tell your wife that healthy1 wholesome hobbies are always productive of good1 and that we shall always strive to have ,,gleanings teach none other4 99 99 99 99 99 ,can ,i make a bee hive and use a movable frame such as ,mr4 ,quinby describes1 without paying for the individual right8 ,and if ,i have to pay for the right1 who is the proper person to be paid8 and how much will it cost to make and use for myself1 say one or more8 ,t4 ,h4 ,,apple1 ,meadville1 ,pa4 ,we are happy to be able to say that you may make hives1 in any way you desire1 so far as we know1 without the least necessity of paying any body a right for any thing4 99 99 99 99 99 ,we got up a resolution at our convention1 to apply to our ,legislature for a law to label all packages of honey with the producer's name1 and let the seller be responsible for adulteration1 if not mentioned1--subject to a penalty when detected1 etc41 etc4 ,can you give us advice how to act8 ,m4 ,,quinby4 ,we do not know that we are able to give any advice in the matter4 ,would not the law like many others be dropped and forgotten because no one would enforce it8 ,it seems to us that the great work is to educate consumers to know honey and to demand it4 ,this is all that we have to rely on in a great variety of goods1 and that establishment that once gets a name of dealing only in genuine commodities1 has its fortune made4 ,people are learning rapidly4 ,if any one likes the cheap honey let them use it4 99 99 99 99 99 ,i have given my bees some rye flour1 they take it first rate1 for the last two days they have been carrying it in pretty freely4 ,it is bolted flour such as the bakers use4 ,is it as good as the unbolted or not8 ,i have not lost a colony yet and they all have sealed honey enough to spring them ,i think1 but ,i have commenced to feed for brood rearing2 feed syrup made of white sugar4 ,now friend ,novice1 ,i want some advice4 ,i want to adopt some other hive than the ,buckeye1 but ,i want a two story hive that ,i may procure1 not box honey1 but frame honey1 and ,i want the frames in both stories alike so ,i may use them interchangeably4 ,t4 ,b4 ,,parker1 ,goldsboro1 ,n4 ,c4 ,feb4 #ast1 '#ge4 ,the bolted flue flour1 is just as good as the unbolted1 except that the bees sink down in it4 ,if mixed with bran or sawdust it does very well4 ,when they can choose1 bees always prefer rye and oats1 to wheat flour4 ,use the ,langstroth frame by all means1 if you are going to have a two story hive4 ,if you have not seen the ,l4 frame you had better have us send you a sample by mail4 ,we should also use the ,simplicity hives to hold them1 for then you can have both stories also1 just alike1 and perfectly interchangeable4 ,we can furnish a one story hive1 frames1 quilt1 and all complete for #a4ge1 and two of these makes a complete two story hive4 ,we decidedly prefer the ,l4 frames for two story1 on account of their shallowness1 any of the other frames loom up so tall when placed one above the other4 ,we think we have ample evidence that the ,langstroth hive winters equally as well as any deeper frame in any climate4 ,our only reason for giving a preference to the ,standard frame over the ,langstroth1 under any circumstances1 is that more than #aj ,l4 frames1 placed side by side1 make a hive inconvenient to make and inconvenient to handle4 ,therefore if you are going to get your surplus above the brood combs1 use the ,l4 frame every time4 ,the ,quinby would come next to it1 as it is much the same thing on a larger scale1 but the ,american1 ,gallup1 or ,standard1 are not suitable to be used two stories as a general thing4 ,single instances 'tis true1 may sometimes seem to point otherwise1 but we have gleaned the above from a large number of reports extending over several years4 ,any of the frames will we think1 work very well on the plan given on another page by friend ,joiner1 but the last three mentioned would stand a little the most compactly4 99 99 99 99 99 ,do you believe a pure ,queen fertilized by a black drone will produce pure drones8 and do you believe pure ,queens fertilized by such drones1 will produce pure stock1 and do you allow such drones in your ,apiary8 ,what would you charge for--say #c cards #de inches each of drone comb filled with fresh laid drone eggs from your imported ,queen1 with bees enough to keep up the heat1 and send by express in ,may next8 ,,george ,k4 ,,huffman1 ,effingham1 ,ills4 ,so much time has been wasted in discussing this question that it is questionable whether it be best to hazard an opinion1 until we can be sure of solving the question positively4 ,if a black ,queen could be fertilized1 beyond mistake1 by an ,italian drone1 we might readily decide the matter1 for we should then have one or two banded workers1 and black drones invariably4 ,will those who are equal to this task1 if any such there be1 please experiment and report4 ,will4 ,r4 ,king1 of ,franklin1 ,ky41 did claim to have made such an experiment1 but evidence was brought forward almost immediately1 showing that his statements were only a series of falsehoods4 ,see page #ic1 ,vol4 #a4 ,we see no reason at present to doubt the experiments of ,langstroth and ,berlepsch2 besides we find ,italian workers1 in almost all ,apiaries of black bees in our vicinity1 but the colonies producing them show only black drones4 ,so long as our object is honey1 and we only procure ,italians because they gather more honey1 we cannot see that the question matters particularly either way4 ,every ,apiary of #ej colonies should have at least one ,imported ,queen1 and all colonies should be made with ,queens reared from this one4 ,you will then have good bees in every hive without bothering about drones at all4 ,all ,apiaries of less than #ej stocks can have an ,imported ,queen's daughter--as they cost but #a4jj each1 you can buy #d or #e if need be1 until you get one whose workers suit you4 ,every one who rears ,queens for sale should certainly have an ,imported ,queen4 ,at the low price at which they are now offered there is no excuse for such blundering1 and if our readers would decide to patronize none but those having bona fide ,imported ,queen mothers1 advertisers would make haste to supply themselves4 ,the plea that ,imported ,queens do not always produce three banded workers1 we think a mistake4 ,all the reports from ,queens of the ,nunn importation agree without an exception that the workers are not only three banded1 but that they are quite superior as honey gatherers4 ,james ,bolin's letter just at hand is a sample of one of them4 ,the idea of judging a ,queen by her looks and granting a diploma etc41 on the strength of it1 is simply ridiculous4 ,concerning ,imported ,queens1 ,i would say that ,i obtained one of friend ,nunn and if there are any better ones anywhere ,i would like to know it4 ,her progeny and those of ,queens reared from her are the very best workers ,i have in my ,apiary4 ,,james ,,bolin1 ,west ,lodi1 ,o4 ,jan4 #gth1 '#ge4 ,friend ,h4 had better have sealed drone brood instead of eggs1 it can then be sent safely by mail without bees4 ,we can send it at the same price we do eggs from our ,imported ,queen1 viz41 #be;c for a piece #bc inches4 ,we have little faith however that the drones can be made available4 99 99 99 99 99 ,i have a hot-bed and my bees are doing well in it4 ,i have about #fj plants in it1 ,i think they help the atmosphere a great deal4 ,a4 ,n4 ,,draper1 ,upper ,alton1 ,ills4 ,feb4 #ast1 '#ge4 99 99 99 99 99 ,my boy had when we came here a small box of sun-flower seeds1 which he kept as one of his playthings1 last spring he accidentally spilt them down in the garden by the fence1 and1 old as they were1 they came up profusely4 ,they looked so thrifty1 ,i took it into my head ,i would transplant them4 ,i went to work and set them all around in the fence out of the way where there would nothing else grow to advantage1 and if you will believe me1 ,i had an enormous crop2 and behold when they blossomed the bees went at them in earnest1 and after the bees got through with them1 there were several quarts of seed4 ,i sold a dollar's worth to my druggist1 and the balance ,i fed out to my hens1 and as a writer of old has said1 ,i found nothing so good and nourishing for laying hens as sun-flower seeds4 ,then ,i cut off the heads and place them near the bee hives1 fill them with sugar and water1 and that suits the bees to a ,t4 ,so you see ,i was to no expense1 and they paid well1 ,i write this that others may be benefitted as well as myself1 by so doing4 ,common sense1 philosophy and religion1 alike teach us to receive with becoming reverence1 all undoubted facts1 whether in the natural or spiritual world2 assured that however mysterious they may appear to us they are beautifully consistent in the sight of ,him whose 8understanding is infinite40 ,,dr4 ,r4 ,,hitchcock1 ,south ,norwalk1 ,conn4 ,feb4 #bnd4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,advertisers' ,,department 99 99 99 99 99 ,,clubbing ,,list4 ,we will send ,,gleanings ,with ,the ,american ,bee ,journal 7#b4jj7 #b4be ,with ,the ,bee-,keeper's ,magazine 7#a4be7 #a4ge ,with ,the ,bee ,world 7#b4aj7 #b4fj ,with ,all three1 ,the ,bee ,journals of ,america #e4jj ,with ,american ,agriculturist 7#a4fj7 #b4aj ,with ,prairie ,farmer 7#b4ae7 #b4fe ,with ,rural ,new ,yorker 7#b4ej7 #c4jj ,with ,national ,agriculturist 7 #a4be7 #a4ge ,with ,scientific ,american 7#c4ae7 #c4fe ,with ,fruit ,recorder and ,cottage ,gardener 7#a4jj7 #a4ej ,above rates include all ,postage4 99 99 99 99 99 ,books for ,bee-,keepers4 ,,sent post-paid on receipt of price4 ,langstroth on the ,hive and ,honey ,bee #b4jj ,quinby's ,mysteries of ,bee ,keeping #a4ej ,bee ,keeper's ,text ,book1 muslin1 4#ge ,bee ,keeper's ,text ,book1 paper1 4#dj 99 99 99 99 99 ,good ,books4 ,these1 though not specially designed for ,bee-keepers1 have a tendency to inculcate principles that ensure success in bee-keeping as well us almost all other rural pursuits4 ,the first on the list should be in the hands of every one who has planted grape vines to shade the hives1 as we have advised4 ,any of these books will be forwarded by mail1 post-paid1 on receipt of price4 ,fuller's ,grape ,culturist #a4ej ,fuller's ,small ,fruit ,culturist #a4ej ,fuller's ,strawberry ,culturist 4#bj ,fuller's ,forest ,tree ,culturist #a4ej ,henderson's ,gardening for ,profit #a4ej ,henderson's ,practical ,floriculture #a4ej ,tim ,bunker ,papers #a4ej ,ten ,acres ,enough #a4be ,roosevelt's ,five ,acres too ,much #a4ej ,art of ,saw ,filing 7,holly7 4#ge ,window ,gardening #a4ej ,leuchar's ,how to build ,hot-,houses #a4ej ,play and ,profit in my ,garden4 ,rev4 ,e4 ,p4 ,roe #a4ej ,waring's ,draining for ,profit and ,health #a4ej ,onion ,culture 4#bj ,purdy's ,small ,fruit ,instructor 4#be 99 99 99 99 99 ,averill ,chemical ,paint4 ,,the ,,only ,,reliable4 ,,the ,,most ,,beautiful4 ,,the ,,most ,,economical4 ,,the ,,most ,,durable4 ,requires no oil thinner or drier4 ,requires no waste of time in mixing1 ,has stood eight years' criticisms ,with yearly increased popularity ,and yearly increased sales4 ,is sold by the gallon only1 in packages of from #a to #dj gallons each1 in ,purest ,white and any ,color or ,tint desired4 ,address1 for sample card of colors and price list1 ,averill ,chemical ,paint ,co41 ,office and ,factory #acb #acd ,east ,river ,street1 ,,cleveland1 ,,ohio4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,italian ,,bees4 ,italian queens bred from imported mothers--a month earlier than in the ,north4 ,purity and safe arrival guaranteed4 ,also full colonies of ,italians in ,langstroth hives for sale at #ae4jj per colony4 ,address ,dr4 ,j4 ,p4 ,h4 ,,brown1 ,augusta1 ,ga4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,club ,,rates on #age ,papers4 ,send for ,,club ,list including ,,agents' ,,rates on ,,books by mail post-paid--#djj in ,list-- ,,books ,,binghams' ,agency1 ,sparta1 ,wis4 #abt#ip 99 99 99 99 99 ,,to ,,bee-,,keepers6 ,,finn',s ,,porous ,,double ,,walled ,,bee ,,hive1 ,a ,,success-- in wintering ,bees on their summer stand4 ,circular free4 ,say where you see this notice4 ,address ,,keyes ,,finn1 #cp ,clyde1 ,jasper ,co41 ,iowa4 99 99 99 99 99 ,names of responsible parties will be inserted in either of the following departments1 at a uniform price of #aj;c4 each insertion1 or #a4jj per year4 99 99 99 99 99 #a4jj ,queens4 ,names inserted in this department the first time without charge4 99 99 99 99 99 ,those whose names appear below1 agree to furnish ,italian ,queens the coming season for #a4jj each1 under the following conditions2 ,no guarantee is to be assumed of purity1 safe delivery or any thing of the kind1 only that the ,queen be reared from a choice1 pure mother4 ,they also agree to return the money at anytime when customers become impatient of such delay as may be unavoidable4 ,bear in mind that he who sends the best ,queens1 put up neatest and most securely1 will probably receive the most orders4 ,special rates for warranted and tested ,queens1 furnished on application to any of the parties4 ,g4 ,w4 ,dean4 ,river ,styx4 ,medina ,co41 ,ohio4 ,j4 ,oatman ,co41 ,dundee1 ,ills4 #ct#b ,dr4 ,j4 ,p4 ,h4 ,brown1 ,augusta1 ,georgia4 ,r4 ,s4 ,becktell1 ,new ,buffalo1 ,mich4 ,m4 ,e4 ,mc,master1 ,shelbyville1 ,missouri4 #btl ,eli ,coble1 ,corsinville1 ,marshall ,co41 ,tenn4 #btl 99 99 99 99 99 ,hive ,manufacturers4 ,who agree to make such hives1 and at the prices named1 as those described on our circular4 ,geo4 ,t4 ,wheeler1 ,mexico1 ,n4 ,y4 99 99 99 99 99 ,bees and ,supplies1 never before offered1 will be furnished by ,m4 ,,quinby1 ,st4 ,johnsville1 ,montgomery ,co41 ,n4 ,y4 ,send for circular and price list4 #bt#ca 99 99 99 99 99 ,send for our large ,illustrated ,premium ,list and ,terms to ,agents4 ,it contains a large list of goods at ,grange ,prices4 ,write now to ,h4 ,a4 ,,king1 #cg ,park ,row1 ,n4,y4 ,illustration3 ,national ,agriculturist ,established #ahei4 ,a large double quarto1 #af-page ,illustrated ,family paper4 7formerly ,bee-,keepers ,journal and ,national ,agriculturist47 ,it treats of ,,stock ,,raising1 ,,sheep ,,husbandry1 ,,dairy ,,business1 ,,swine1 ,,poultry1 ,,gardening1 and ,,fruit ,,growing1 besides the elaborate departments of ,,bee-,,culture1 ,ladies or ,home and ,fireside1 and ,youth's ,departments1 a first-class ,family paper1 interesting1 instructive1 making young eyes sparkle and all hearts glad4 ,,clubbing ,,list4 ,send for a copy of my ,clubbing ,list1 of which ,i give a specimen3 ,i will send the ,national ,agriculturist #a4be and ,chicago ,advance #c4jj both one year to new subscribers for #c #jj ,or ,national ,agriculturist with ,the ,phrenological ,journal #c for #c #jj ,or ,national ,agriculturist with ,harper's ,weekly #d for #d4ej or ,frank ,leslie's for #d #be ,,try ,,the ,,national ,,agriculturist five months and a present for #ej cents1 or #a4be a year2 much less to members of granges and clubs4 ,great ,illustrated ,premium1 ,grange ,price ,list1 and ,sample ,copy1 all sent free4 ,large ,cash ,commission to ,agents4 ,address ,h4 ,a4 ,,king1 #cg ,park ,row1 ,new ,york ,city1 ,box #bbhi4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,advertisements4 ,advertisements will be received at the rate of ten cents per line1 ,nonpariel space1 each insertion1 cash in advance2 and we require that every ,advertiser satisfies us of his responsibility and intention to do all that he agrees1 and that his goods are really worth the price asked for them4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,muth',s ,,advertisement4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,honey ,,jars4 ,one pound 7square7 ,jars1 per gross #f4ej ,two pound 7square7 ,jars1 per gross #h4ej ,one pound 7square7 ,jars1 ,flint glass per gross #i4jj ,two pound 7square7 ,jars1 ,flint glass per gross #aa4jj ,corks for #a and #b lb4 jars 4#ge ,tin ,foil ,caps1 per gross #a4bj ,labels1 per gross 4#ge ,a thousand labels address printed to order #e4jj ,one qt4 fruit jars1 ,mason's patent1 per gross #ah4jj ,labels for same1 per gross 4#fe ,a thousand labels address printed to order #d4be ,uncapping ,knives1 as good as any1 each 4#ej ,uncapping ,knives1 per doz #d4ej ,alsike ,clover ,seed1 per bushel #ae4jj ,alsike ,clover ,seed1 per peck #d4jj ,alsike ,clover ,seed1 per pound 4#ce ,,langstroth ,,bee ,,hives1 ,straw ,mats1 ,bee ,veils etc41 at reasonable rates4 ,for further particulars1 ,address1 #atf ,,chas4 ,f4 ,,muth4 ,cincinnati1 ,ohio4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,the ,,bee ,,world4 ,our ,bee ,journal of the ,southern ,states4 ,issued monthly at #b4jj per year4 ,sample copies free4 ,address ,a4 ,f4 ,,moon ,co4 ,rome1 ,georgia4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,basswood ,,trees ,one foot and under1 per hundred #b4jj ,from one to two feet #e4jj ,from two to six feet #h4jj ,from six to ten feet #ae4jj ,from ten to fifteen feet #cj4jj ,the one foot and under1 sent by mail for #ge;c4 per hundred1 extra4 ,general nursery stock1 such as ,fruits and ,grape vines of all kinds1 ,apples and ,cherries4 ,evergreens1 ,osage ,orange plants etc41 for hedges1 specialties4 ,maple trees also at low figures4 #ct#e;d ,j4 ,l4 ,,green1 ,granger1 ,medina ,co41 ,ohio4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,italian ,,queens4 ,no ,black ,bees to interfere with pure fertilization4 ,unwarranted ,queens #a4jj4 ,warranted #c4jj4 ,bred from daughters of imported or home bred ,queens4 ,full ,colonies ,italian ,bees #ac4jj4 ,address #ct#hp ,j4 ,,oatman ,,co41 ,dundee1 ,kane ,co41 ,ills4 99 99 99 99 99 ,sidenote3 ,,american ,,bee ,,journal4 ,every ,bee-,keeper should subscribe for this ,monthly4 ,it is the oldest and best scientific and practical ,journal of ,apiculture in the ,world4 ,the most successful and experienced ,apiarians in this country and ,europe contribute to its pages4 ,terms1 #b4jj a year in advance4 ,send a ,stamp for a ,sample ,copy4 ,address1 ,,thomas ,g4 ,,newman1 ,cedar ,rapids1 ,iowa4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,imported ,,bees4 ,for the past seven years we have ,imported bees from ,italy and have failed nearly every time1 by lack of knowledge of the true conditions necessary for so long a journey1 and on account of the carelessness of the shippers4 ,but we are now succeeding so well that we receive ninety per cent of the ,queens alive4 ,we claim to be ,the only regular ,importers of ,,italian ,,bees ,,in ,,this ,,country4 ,we received over ,one ,hundred ,queens in the season of #ahgd4 ,our ,queens come from the best districts of ,italy4 ,they are all young4 ,we winter #fj ,imported ,queens in our ,apiary1 and will sell them in full colonies in the spring1 safe arrival guaranteed4 ,price3 ,colony of ,italians with ,imported ,queen #bj4jj ,price3 ,colony of ,italians with home bred ,queen #ae4jj ,our hives are good1 well painted movable frame hives4 ,for particulars address ,,ch4 ,,dadant ,,son1 ,hamilton1 ,hancock ,co41 ,ills4 99 99 99 99 99 ,illustration3 #ej ,the ,bee-,keepers' ,magazine1 edited by ,h4 ,a4 ,,king1 the only ,,illustrated ,,magazine treating of ,bee-,culture in the ,united ,states4 #cb pages4 ,terms1 #a4be a year with a present4 ,the #fd page specimen number1 with beautiful life-like chromo of ,italian bees and honey plants 7price #ej cents71 sent free with the ,,magazine five months for #ej cents4 ,agents wanted4 ,address ,w4 ,b4 ,,cobb1 ,publisher1 #ge ,barclay ,street1 ,n4 ,y4 99 99 99 99 99 #abe ,,colonies ,,pure ,,italians4 ,we have purchased of the late ,dr4 ,t4 ,b4 ,hamlin's stock of ,bees1 #abe ,,colonies ,,pure ,,italians in ,langstroth's ,improved ,hives1 #aj frames1 which we offer at the reduced price of #ac4jj per colony1 delivered on cars at ,edgefield ,junction1 ,tenn4 #ct#fp ,,barnum ,,peyton4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,vick',s ,,floral ,,guide ,,for #ahge4 ,published ,quarterly4--,,january ,,number just issued1 and contains over #ajj ,,pages1 #ejj ,,engravings1 descriptions of more than #ejj of our best ,flowers and ,vegetables1 with ,directions for ,culture1 ,,colored ,,plate1 etc4--,the most useful and elegant work of the kind in the world4--,only #be cents for the year4--,published in ,english and ,german4 ,address ,,james ,,vick1 ,rochester1 ,n4 ,y4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,seeds ,,and ,,bulbs4 ,,illustrated ,,spring ,,catalogue ,,for #ahge ,,now ,,ready1 sent with a specimen of ,the ,american ,garden1 a new ,illustrated ,journal of ,garden ,art1 edited by ,james ,hogg1 on receipt of ten cents4 ,,beach1 ,,son ,,co41 ,seedsmen1 #ctfx #gf ,fulton ,st41 ,brooklyn1 ,n4 ,y4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,catnip ,,seed for sale at #be;c per oz4 ,address ,a4 ,a4 ,,rice1 ,seville1 ,medina ,co41 ,o4 #aatf 99 99 99 99 99 ,,terms3 ,,strictly ,,cash ,,in ,,advance4 ,one ,copy ,one ,year #ge ,cents1 or with ,lithograph of ,apiary1 size #abaf1 ,mailed ,free1 ,postpaid1 #a4jj1 or ,lithograph will be sent as a ,premium for ,two ,subscribers at #ge cents each4 ,any person ,three ,subscribers at #ge ,cents each1 #be ,cents for their obtaining may retain trouble4 ,any person ,five ,subscribers at #ge ,cents each1 #ge ,cents for their obtaining may retain trouble4 ,any person ,ten ,subscribers at #ge ,cents each1 #b4ej ,cents for their obtaining may retain trouble4 ,any number above ,ten will be sent at the rate of ,fifty ,cents each4 ,names may be sent at any time during the year1 and whenever a club is reached1 we will credit back the amount previously sent us in excess of the ,club ,rates4 ,in this way any of the ,articles ,mentioned on our ,,price ,,list may be ,secured as ,,premiums4 ,please mention when names are intended for ,clubs4 ,an acknowledgment will be sent in all cases on receipt of money--for any purpose whatever--by return mail4 ,volumes ,i1 ,,ii1 may be counted on the same terms1 as we have a ,large ,supply of ,,back ,,numbers ,provided for new ,beginners6 ,as we cannot take the space in future numbers to go over the same ground again1 and ,volume ,one contains the entire ,fundamental ,principles and ,ground ,work for ,starting an ,apiary4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,transcriber',s ,,notes #a4 ,the ,table of ,contents was duplicated as printed4 ,not all of the items appear to exist in this publication4 #b4 ,silently corrected typographical errors and variations in spelling4 #c4 ,retained anachronistic1 non-standard1 and uncertain spellings as printed4 #d4 ,enclosed italics font in underscores4 #e4 ,enclosed bold font in equals4