,transcriber's ,note3 ,underscores 80 before and after a word or phrase indicate italics in the original text4 ,equal signs 80 before and after a word or phrase indicate bold in the original text4 ,small capitals have been converted to ,,solid capitals4 ,footnotes have been moved so they do not break up paragraphs4 ,old or antiquated spellings have been preserved4 ,typographical errors have been silently corrected but other variations in spelling and punctuation remain unaltered4 ,,an ,,easy ,,introduction ,,to ,,spanish ,,conversation ,,containing ,,all ,,that ,,is ,,necessary ,,to ,,make ,a ,,rapid ,,progress ,,in ,,it4 ,,particularly ,,designed ,,for ,,persons ,,who ,,have ,,little ,,time ,,to ,,study1 ,,or ,,are ,,their ,,own ,,instructors4 ,,by ,m4 ,,velazquez ,,de ,,la ,,cadena1 ,,professor ,,of ,,the ,,spanish2 ,,editor ,,of ,,ollendorff',s ,,spanish ,,grammar1 ,,new ,,spanish ,,reader1 ,,etc4 ,,etc4 ,,new ,,york3 ,d4 ,,appleton ,,and ,,company1 #edi #eea ,,broadway4 #ahgb4 ,entered according to ,act of ,congress1 in the year #ahdi1 ,,by ,d4 ,,appleton ,,company1 ,in the ,clerk's ,office of the ,district ,court for the ,southern ,district of ,new ,york4 ,,preface4 ,multum in parvo is the object of this small book2 in which the student will find all the elements necessary to enable him in a very short time to enter into a conversation on the most usual topics4 ,for this purpose1 and in order that he may understand the questions put1 or the answers given to him1 should they be expressed in words different in tense or number from those contained in the dialogues1 and also to afford him the best means to vary them himself1 it has been deemed expedient to prefix to the vocabularies a synopsis of the ,spanish language4 ,the learner is earnestly desired to study it attentively1 so as to become perfectly familiar with the conjugation of the verbs2 a thorough knowledge of which will render his progress easy1 sure1 and speedy4 ,persons unaccustomed to commit tasks to memory1 will do well to begin by learning daily a set number 7say five7 of nouns1 adjectives1 or verbs1 and as many phrases as they can remember well2 repeating always the ,english before the ,spanish4 ,such exercise being steadily pursued for a month1 the student will have acquired an aggregate of more than five hundred of the words most frequently used in common intercourse4 ,this plan has been often tried1 and its results have constantly exceeded the most sanguine expectations4 ,should the student wish to acquire a thorough knowledge of the ,spanish1 even without the assistance of a teacher1 he may do so by studying ,ollendorff's ,new ,method1 by ,m4 ,velazquez and ,t4 ,simonn1 published by ,d4 ,appleton ,co41 ,no4 #ddc ,broadway4 ,this work will also be found very useful for the younger classes of learners1 as an introduction to ,ollendorff1 or any other ,spanish grammar1 as it contains in a few pages1 and exhibits in the plainest manner1 the elements necessary to enable them to make a very easy and rapid progress in the study of this language4 ,,new ,,york1 ,june #ast1 #ahdi4 ,,contents4 ,,part ,i4 ,a ,,synopsis1 ,,etc4 ,,page ,the ,letters #g ,accent #aj ,noun--,number ib4 ,gender ib4 ,case #aa ,augmentative and ,diminutive ,nouns ib4 ,adjectives #ab ,comparative ib4 ,superlative #ac ,pronouns #ad ,verbs #af ,conjugation--,simple ,tenses #ag 8 ,compound ,tenses #bc ,auxiliary ,verbs #be ,idiomatical ,tenses #bg ,place of the ,pronouns #bh ,verbs affirmatively and negatively conjugated ib4 ,passive ,verbs ib4 ,pronominal ,verbs #bi ,gerund #cj ,verbs that alter their radical letters #ca ,remarks on the ,subjunctive ib4 ,participle #cb ,verbs that have two ,participles ib4 ,adverbs #cc ,prepositions #cd ,conjunctions #ce ,interjections #cf ,abbreviations ib4 ,,part ,,ii4 ,a ,,vocabulary1 ,,etc4 ,the ,numbers #cg ,moneda corriente #ci ,of ,heaven and the ,elements #dj ,the ,weather and ,seasons ib4 ,days of the ,week and ,months #da ,holy ,days ib4 ,ecclesiastical ,dignities ib4 ,eatables #db ,covering of the ,table ib4 ,for ,fast ,days--,fish #dd ,for the ,dessert ib4 ,conditions of ,man and ,woman #df ,clothes and ,articles for ,dressing ib4 ,articles for ,riding #dg ,clothes for ,ladies ib4 ,parts of the ,human ,body #dh ,the ,five ,senses--,ages #di ,qualities of the ,body ib4 ,defects of the ,body #ej ,studying ib4 ,musical ,instruments ib4 ,parts and ,furniture of a ,house #ea ,what is found about the ,chimney1 in the ,kitchen1 and in the ,cellar #eb ,the ,servants of a ,house #ec ,what is found in and about the ,door1 and in the ,stable #ed ,the ,garden--,flowers1 ,trees1 c4 #ed ,temporal ,dignities #ee ,officers of ,war--,the ,army #ef ,fortifications ib4 ,professions and ,trades #eg ,defects and ,imperfections #eh ,good ,qualities--,diseases ib4 ,bird and ,quadrupeds #ei ,the ,country--,the ,city #fj ,colors--,metals #fa ,commercial ,terms ib4 ,collection of ,verbs #fc ,,part ,,iii4 ,,dialogues4 ,i4 ,saluting1 c4 #fi ,,ii4 ,to pay a ,visit #gj ,,iii4 ,to dress one's self #ga ,,iv4 ,the ,tailor #gb ,v4 ,to breakfast #gc ,,vi4 ,to speak ,spanish #gd ,,vii4 ,of the ,weather #ge ,,viii4 ,to write #gf ,,ix4 ,to buy #gh ,x4 ,to inquire after ,news #gi ,,xi4 ,to inquire after any one #hb ,,xii4 ,for a journey #hc ,,xiii4 ,supper and ,lodgings #he ,,xiv4 ,to reckon with the ,landlord #hf ,,xv4 ,on a ,voyage by ,sea #hg ,,xvi4 ,on board of a ,vessel #hi ,,xvii4 ,on a ,journey in a ,litter1 or on ,mules #ij ,,xviii4 ,at the ,dinner ,table #ib ,,part ,,iv4 ,,commercial ,,letters1 ,,etc4 ,first ,letter #ie ,second ,letter #if ,an ,invoice #ig ,third and ,fourth ,letters #ih ,letter of ,recommendation #ii ,a ,draft ib4 ,endorsement #ajj ,notes ib4 ,,easy ,,introduction ,,to ,,spanish ,,conversation4 ,,part ,i4 ,a ,,synopsis ,,of ,,the ,,castilian ,,language4 ,,the ,,letters4 ,the vowels are1 a1 e1 i1 o1 u1 y4 ,pronounce them1 ah1 ay1 ee1 oh1 oo1 ee4 ,they have invariably the same sound1 and must be fully and distinctly pronounced4 ,the vowels are never silent1 except u1 in the syllables gue1 gui1 que1 qui4 ,when the u is to be sounded in them1 it is marked with a diresis 77 over it2 thus1 argir1 ar-goo-ir4 ,the syllables in which the consonants are pronounced differently from the ,english1 are the following4 ,the letters in italics under them express their respective sounds4 ,c4 ,ca1 co1 cu1 cua1 cuo4 ,kah1 koh1 koo1 kwah1 kwo4 ce1 ci4 ,th lisped1 thay1 thee4 ,,ch4 ,pronounce it invariably as in the ,english words chap1 chess1 cheese4 ,g4 ,ga1 go1 gu1 gue1 gui4 ,gah1 goh1 goo1 gay1 gee4 ,j4 ,j before all the vowels1 and g before e or i1 have the sound of the ,english h1 more harshly aspirated4 ,ja1 je1 ji1 jo1 ju4 ,hah1 hay1 hee1 hoe1 who4 ,ge1 gi4 ,hay1 hee4 ,,ll4 ,,ll is not a double consonant in ,spanish1 consequently it must not be divided in spelling4 ,it sounds like ll in ,english in million2 but it must be pronounced more quickly and stronger4 ,in some parts of the ,mexican states it is sounded somewhat like the ,spanish y consonant1 with which they confound it in writing2 and in manuscript we frequently see cabayo instead of caballo4 ,lla1 lle1 lli1 llo1 llu4 ,lyah1 lye-ay1 lyee1 lyoh1 lyoo4 ,n4 ,n has a strong nasal sound1 like n in poniard4 ,the gn in ,french gives its sound4 ,na1 e1 i1 o1 u4 ,nyah1 nye-ay1 nyee1 nyoh1 nyoo4 ,q4 ,the syllables qua1 qe1 qi1 quo1 are at present written with c1 which see above4 ,que1 qui4 ,kay1 kee4 ,v4 ,v must be pronounced as in ,english4 ,its sound is so slender in ,spanish1 that most generally it is confounded with the b3 but such pronunciation must not be imitated4 ,it is frequently used in manuscript instead of the capital ,u2 thus1 ,vnion y ,libertad1 instead of ,union y ,libertad4 ,x4 ,x1 in conformity with the new orthography1 is to represent solely the sound of cs2 but the greater part of the people pronounce and write only the s2 thus1 estranjero1 instead of extranjero1 7ex-tran-her-oh47 ,y4 ,y is a vowel when it is followed by a consonant1 or terminates a word1 and then it sounds like ee4 ,it is a consonant when it is before a vowel1 and then it sounds somewhat like ,english j4 ,in some parts of ,america it is generally pronounced as ee2 thus1 suyo1 soo-ee-o4 ,n4 ,b4--,of late years1 some persons write i instead of y in ai1 y1 convoi1 c41 but the ,academy retains the y4 ,in manuscript1 ,y is to be used instead of ,i1 whenever this letter must be a capital4 ,z4 ,z1 before all the vowels1 is pronounced like th lisped in the ,english words thank1 theft1 thin1 path1 truth4 ,za1 ze1 zi1 zo1 zu4 ,thah1 thay1 thee1 thoh1 thoo4 ,az1 ez1 iz1 oz1 uz4 ,ath1 eth1 eeth1 oth1 ooth4 ,in ,spanish ,america z is generally pronounced s1 and also frequently written instead of that letter4 ,,division ,,of ,,syllables4 ,gra-cio-so1 cons-truc-cion1 abs-te-ner-se1 ha-bla-do-res1 ca-ro1 car-ro1 des-en-re-dar1 ca-ba-llo1 con-flic-to1 pers-pi-caz1 flu-xion4 ,,accent4 ,this mark 77 is set over a vowel to point out that a particular stress of the voice must be laid on it4 ,when the word has no mark on any of its letters1 the penultimate1 or last syllable but one1 must be pronounced with particular emphasis4 ,amo1 este1 ira1 oso1 ,am1 est1 ir1 os4 ,nouns ending in a consonant 7plurals excepted7 have the last syllable long1 and consequently do not require the mark3 otherwise1 they have it on the syllable on which the stress of the voice lies2 as1 ,caridad1 animal1 capitan1 ,csped1 fcil1 rden1 carcter1 favor1 interes4 mnos4 ,,articles4 ,singular4 ,plural4 ,,the masculine ,el ,los feminine ,la ,las ,a or an masculine ,un ,,some unos feminine ,una 8 unas ,,noun ,nouns are substantive or adjective1 and have number1 gender1 and case4 ,,number ,singular and ,plural4--,nouns terminating in a short1 or unaccented vowel1 add an s for the plural2 as1 boy1 muchacho2 boys1 muchachos4 ,nouns ending in an accented vowel1 or in a consonant1 or in y1 add es to the singular2 as1 ruby1 rub2 rubies1 rubes2 lion1 leon2 lions1 leones2 ox1 buey2 oxen1 bueyes4 ,nouns terminating in z1 change it into c to form the plural2 as1 cross1 cruz2 crosses1 cruces4 ,,gender ,every he1 or male animal1 is of the masculine gender2 as1 man1 hombre2 every she1 or female1 is of the feminine gender2 as1 woman1 mujer4 ,nouns of inanimate objects or things ending in a1 ad1 bre1 ion1 are for the most part feminine2 and those terminating in e1 i1 o1 u1 on1 are masculine4 ,the exceptions1 however1 are very numerous4 ,common nouns ending in o1 change it into a to form the feminine2 as1 son1 hijo2 daughter1 hija4 ,there are some that express their gender by a different word or termination2 as1 father1 padre2 mother1 madre2 bull1 toro2 cow1 vaca2 poet1 poeta2 poetess1 poetisa4 7,see ,ollendorff1 p4 #bdf47 ,common nouns terminating in an1 on1 or1 add an a to form the feminine2 as lion1 leon2 lioness1 leona2 shepherd1 pastor2 shepherdess1 pastora4 ,,case4 ,there are two cases1 the ,nominative and the ,objective4 ,the ,nominative case expresses the subject of the verb2 as1 ,the man gives1 ,el hombre da4 ,the ,objective case is either direct or indirect4 ,it is direct when it is the immediate object of the action of the verb2 as1 ,the man gives alms1 ,el hombre da limosna4 ,it is indirect 7called also complement7 when it is the term1 or end of the action expressed by the verb2 as1 ,the man gives alms to the poor1 ,el hombre da limosna los pobres4 ,when the object direct of an active verb is the noun of a rational being1 or a proper noun1 or thing personified1 it must be preceded by the preposition 2 as1 ,the brother loves his sister1 ,el hermano ama su hermana4 ,the brother loves his money1 ,el hermano ama su dinero4 ,,augmentative ,,and ,,diminutive ,,nouns4 ,augmentative nouns are those that increase the extent of their signification by adding on1 ote1 or azo1 to the masculine nouns1 and ona1 ota1 or aza1 to the feminine1 suppressing their last letter1 should it be a1 e1 or o2 as1 a boy1 un muchacho2 a big boy1 un muchachon2 a girl1 una muchacha2 a big girl1 una muchachona4 ,the termination azo frequently signifies the blow1 or injury caused by the object to which it is added2 as1 whip1 ltigo2 a very large whip1 un latigazo2 a stroke with a whip1 un latigazo4 ,diminutive nouns are formed by adding ito1 illo1 ico1 or uelo for the masculine1 and ita1 illa1 ica1 or uela for the feminine1 to the noun1 which suppresses its last letter if it be a or e2 as1 a boy1 un muchacho2 a little boy1 un muchachito1 un muchachillo1 un muchachuelo2 a girl1 una muchacha2 a little girl1 una muchachita1 una muchachilla1 una muchachuela4 ,n4 ,b4--,the terminations1 ito1 ita1 c41 added to christian names1 or those that express relationship1 indicate love1 affection1 and regard towards the object2 thus1 hermanita1 dear sister2 ,juanito1 esteemed ,john1 c4 ,,adjectives4 ,adjectives ending in o are masculine1 and change it into a to form the feminine2 as1 fine1 fino1 fina4 ,those ending in any other letter are common to both genders2 as1 prudent1 prudente2 useful1 til4 ,except adjectives expressing the natives of a country1 or things belonging to it2 and also most of those terminating in an or on1 which add an a for the feminine2 as1 ,spaniard1 or ,spanish1 espaol1 espaola2 idle1 haragan1 haragana2 clamorous1 griton1 gritona4 ,adjectives form their plural according to the rules set forth for the nouns2 as1 white1 blanco1 blancos1 blanca1 blancas2 deep blue1 turqu1 turques2 natural1 natural1 naturales2 happy1 feliz1 felices1 or felizes4 ,uno1 one2 alguno1 some2 ninguno1 none2 primero1 first2 bueno1 good2 malo1 bad2 suppress the o when they are immediately followed by a substantive masculine in the singular1 whether it be alone1 or preceded by an adjective2 as1 no heart1 ningun corazon2 ningun humano corazon4 ,ciento1 hundred1 loses the last syllable before a substantive masculine or feminine2 the same does ,santo before a noun masculine in the singular4 ,grande1 great1 generally loses it also when it refers to qualities2 as1 ,el ,gran ,capitan4 ,,comparative4 ,more1 7or the termination er17 mas----than1 que4 ,he is richer1 or more rich than ,el es mas rico que ella4 she4 ,less1 mnos----than1 que4 ,she is less rich than he4 ,ella es mnos rica que l4 ,as1 7or so17 tan----as1 como4 ,he is as rich as she4 ,el es tan rico como ella4 ,as much1 7so much17 tanto or tanta----as1 como4 ,she has as much money as ,ella tiene tanto dinero como he4 l4 ,she has as much beauty as ,ella tiene tanta hermosura modesty4 como modestia4 ,as many1 7so many17 tantos or tantas----as1 como4 ,he has as many books as his ,el tiene tantos libros como brother4 su hermano4 ,as many houses4 ,tantas casas4 ,the more1 cuanto mas----the more1 tanto mas4 ,the more he studies1 the more ,cuanto mas estudia1 tanto he learns4 mas aprende4 ,the less1 cuanto mnos----the less1 tanto mnos4 ,the less he works1 the less ,cuanto mnos trabaja1 tanto he earns4 mnos gana4 ,greater1 mayor2 less1 menor2 better1 mejor2 worse1 peor1 superior1 superior1 c4 ,,superlative4 ,it is formed1 first1 by literally translating the adverb very1 muy2 as1 very high1 muy alto4 ,secondly1 by adding the termination simo1 or sima1 to the adjective1 which suppresses the last letter if it be an o1 or e3 very fine1 finsimo2 very sweet1 dulcisimo2 very useful1 utilsimo4 ,adjectives in ble change it into bilsimo2 those in co1 into qusimo2 and those in go1 into gusimo2 as1 amabilsimo1 riqusimo1 prodigusimo4 ,thirdly1 by prefixing el1 los1 la1 las mas1 or mnos to the adjective2 as1 ,the most industrious1 ,el mas industrioso2 the most humane1 el1 or los mas humanos2 la1 or las mas humanas4 ,best1 ptimo1 worst1 psimo2 greatest1 mximo2 least1 mnimo2 lowest1 nfimo2 supreme1 supremo4 ,,pronouns4 ,,personal ,,pronouns4 ,nom4 ,i1 yo4 ,nom4 ,we1 nosotros1 nosotras4 ,obj4 ,dir4 ,me1 me4 ,obj4 ,dir4 ,us1 nos1 nos4 ,obj4 ,ind4 ,me1 m4 ,obj4 ,ind4 ,us1 nosotros1 nosotras4 8 ,with me1 conmigo4 8 ,with us1 con nosotros1 8 8 con nosotras4 ,nom4 ,thou1 t4 ,nom4 ,you1 vosotros1 vosotras4 ,obj4 ,dir4 ,thee1 te4 ,obj4 ,dir4 ,you1 os1 os4 ,obj4 ,ind4 ,thee1 t4 ,obj4 ,ind4 ,you1 vosotros1 vosotras4 8 ,with thee1 contigo4 8 ,with you1 con vosotros4 8 8 con vosotras4 ,you1 in familiar polite style1 is translated usted for both genders1 and the verb agrees with it in the singular or the plural1 according to the sense4 ,usted and its plural are always written in abbreviation1 thus3 ,v4 or ,vm4 for the first1 and ,,vv4 or ,vms4 for the latter4 ,nom4 ,you1 usted1 7,v4 or ,vm47 ,nom4 ,you1 ustedes1 7,,vv4 or ,vms47 ,obj4 ,dir4 ,you1 usted1 le1 ,obj4 ,dir4 ,you1 ,,vv4 los1 las1 se4 la1 se4 ,obj4 ,ind4 ,you1 ,v4 le1 se3 ,obj4 ,ind4 ,you1 ,,vv4 les1 se3 l1 ella1 s4 ellos1 ellas1 s4 8 ,with you1 con usted4 8 ,with you1 con ustedes4 8 ,with yourself1 8 8 consigo4 consigo4 ,nom4 ,he or it1 l4 ,nom4 ,they1 ellos4 ,obj4 ,dir4 ,him or it1 le1 se2 ,obj4 ,dir4 ,them1 los1 se2 ellos1 s4 l1 s4 ,obj4 ,ind4 ,him or it1 le1 se2 ,obj4 ,ind4 ,them1 les1 se2 ellos1 s4 l1 s4 8 ,with him or it1 8 ,with them1 con ellos4 con l4 8 ,with himself or 8 ,with themselves1 consigo4 itself1 consigo4 ,nom4 ,she or it1 ella4 ,nom4 ,they1 ellas4 ,obj4 ,dir4 ,her or it1 la1 se2 ,obj4 ,dir4 ,them1 las1 se2 ellas1 s4 ella1 s4 ,obj4 ,ind4 ,her or it1 le1 se2 ,obj4 ,ind4 ,them1 les1 se2 ellas1 s4 ella1 s4 8 ,with her or it1 8 ,with them1 con ellas4 con ella4 8 ,with herself or 8 ,with themselves1 consigo4 itself1 consigo4 ,m1 t1 s1 are always preceded by prepositions4 ,me1 te1 se1 le1 los1 la1 las1 les1 are governed by verbs1 and never placed after prepositions4 ,when the verbs are in the indicative1 or in the subjunctive mood1 they are placed before the verb2 as1 ,he esteems her1 l la estima4 ,should the verb be in the infinitive1 or in the imperative mood1 the pronouns must be placed after it1 and joined to it so as to appear one word2 thus1 ,give it to him1 7give1 da1 it1 le1 to him1 se17 dsele4 ,,possessive ,,pronouns ,,conjunctive4 ,my1 mi1 mis4 ,his1 su1 sus4 ,its1 su1 sus4 ,thy1 tu1 tus4 ,her1 su1 sus4 ,their1 su1 sus4 ,your1 with reference to ,usted1 or ,ustedes1 su1 sus4 ,these pronouns agree in number with the noun that follows them2 as1 ,he sold his horses1 l vendi sus caballos2 they fulfilled their promise1 ellos cumplieron1 su promesa4 ,,possessive ,,pronouns ,,absolute4 ,mine1 mio1 mios4 ,his1 suyo1 suyos4 ,its1 suyo1 suyos4 mia1 mias4 suya1 suyas4 suya1 suyas4 ,thine1 tuyo1 tuyos4 ,hers1 suyo1 suyos4 ,theirs1 suyo1 suyos4 tuya1 tuyas4 suya1 suyas4 suya1 suyas4 ,our1 nuestro1 nuestros4 ,your1 vuestro1 vuestros4 ,your1 de ,usted4 nuestra1 nuestras4 vuestra1 vuestras4 de ,ustedes4 ,your1 with reference to ,usted1 is translated also suyo1 suyos1 suya1 suyas4 ,,relative ,,and ,,interrogative ,,pronouns4 ,who1 which1 que1 quien1 quienes4 ,what1 that1 que4 ,which1 what1 cual1 cuales2 also1 el cual1 los cuales1 la cual1 las cuales4 ,whose1 cuyo1 cuyos1 cuya1 cuyas2 also1 de quien1 de cual1 c4 ,,demonstrative ,,pronouns4 ,this1 este4 ,these1 estos4 ,that1 aquel4 ,those1 aquellos4 8 esta4 8 estas4 8 aquella4 8 aquellas4 ,that1 ese4 ,those1 esos4 ,this1 esto4 ,that1 aquello4 8 esa4 8 esas4 ,that1 eso4 ,it1 ello1 lo4 ,,indefinite ,,pronouns4 ,one1 uno4 ,such1 tal4 ,each1 cada4 ,something1 algo4 ,nobody1 nadie4 ,nothing1 nada4 ninguno4 ,each one1 cada cual4 ,somebody1 alguien4 ,each other1 uno y otro4 ,anybody1 ,one another1 uno otro4 ,any1 some1 alguno4 ,every one1 cada uno4 ,some one1 ,every one1 ,somebody1 ,everybody1 todo1 todos4 ,whichever1 cualquiera4 ,every thing1 ,whomsoever1 quienquiera4 ,all1 every1 mbos4 ,both1 entrmbos4 mbos dos4 ,,verbs4 ,,conjugation ,,of ,,verbs4 ,the conjugation of a verb is a regular arrangement of its moods1 tenses1 persons1 and numbers4 ,all the verbs in the ,spanish language are formed out of the present of the infinitive mood1 which invariably terminates in ,,ar1 ,,er1 or ,,ir1 which syllables are called its ,,termination2 and the letters that remain of the said present of the infinitive1 after separating one of the said terminations1 whatever they may be1 are said to be its ,,root1 and the letters of such root are called its ,,radical ,,letters2 as1 to esteem1 estim-ar2 to offend1 ofend-er2 to permit1 permit-ir3 in which verbs ar1 er1 ir are the ,,terminations2 and estim1 ofend1 permit1 the ,,radical ,,letters of each respectively1 to which the other combinations must be added to form the various persons and tenses of a verb4 ,all the ,spanish verbs are1 therefore1 classed into three conjugations4 ,verbs ending in ar belong to the first2 those in er to the second2 and those in ir to the third4 ,obs4 #a4 ,it is not necessary to express the pronouns subject or nominative1 in the colloquial style1 7usted and ustedes excepted27 but they must be used whenever elegance or clearness requires it4 ,obs4 #b4 ,the numbers before the terminations point out the different persons4 ,n4 #b1 before usted and ustedes1 denotes that they are of the second person1 but that the verb agrees with them in the third1 7by ,enallage47 ,,terminations ,,of ,,all ,,the ,,regular ,,verbs4 ,obs4 #c4 ,the grave accent 77 upon a vowel in the following terminations1 points out the syllable on which the stress of the voice is laid1 but over which the mark of it must not be set4 ,the acute accent 7'7 marks the syllable on which the stress of the voice lays1 and over which the accent is to be written4 ,when there is no mark of an accent in the termination1 the syllable that precedes it is long4 ,,simple ,,tenses4 ,,infinitive ,,mood4 ,first ,conjugation4 ,second ,conjugation4 ,third ,conjugation4 ,,present4 ,,present4 ,,present4 ,to arm1 armar4 ,to offend1 ofender4 ,to unite1 unir4 ,termination1 ar4 ,termination1 er4 ,termination1 ir4 ,radical letters1 arm4 ,radical letters1 ofend4 ,radical letters1 un4 ,,gerund4#a ,,gerund4 ,,gerund4 ,arming1 ando4 ,offending1 iendo4 ,uniting1 iendo4 ,,participle ,,past4#b ,,participle ,,past4 ,,participle ,,past4 ,armed1 ado4 ,offended1 ido4 ,united1 ido4 #a ,the ,gerundio 7gerund7 never changes its termination for gender or number4 #b ,the participle past coming immediately after any of the tenses of the verb haber1 7to have17 does not admit of any change of gender or number4 ,after other verbs1 it changes its termination to agree with that of the person or thing it refers to4 ,,indicative ,,mood4 ,first ,conjugation4 ,,present4 #a4 ,i arm1 arm-o4 #b4 ,thou armest1 as4 #c4 ,he arms1 a4 #b4 ,you arm1 ,v4--a4#c #a4 ,we arm1 mos4 #b4 ,you arm1 is4 #c4 ,they arm1 an4 #b4 ,you arm1 ,,vv4--an4#d ,,imperfect4 #a4 ,i armed1#e arm-ba4 #b4 ,thou armedst1 bas4 #c4 ,he armed1 ba4 #b4 ,you armed1 ,v4--ba4 #a4 ,we armed1 bamos4 #b4 ,you armed1 bais4 #c4 ,they armed1 ban4 #b4 ,you armed1 ,,vv4--ban4 ,,perfect4 #a4 ,i armed1#aj arm-4 #b4 ,thou armedst1 ste4 #c4 ,he armed1 4 #b4 ,you armed1 ,v4--4 #a4 ,we armed1 mos4 #b4 ,you armed1 steis4 #c4 ,they armed1 ron4 #b4 ,you armed1 ,,vv4--ron4 ,,future4 #a4 ,i shall arm1 arm-ar4 #b4 ,thou wilt arm1 ars4 #c4 ,he will arm1 ar4 #b4 ,you will arm1 ,v4--ar4 #a4 ,we shall arm1 armos4 #b4 ,you will arm1 aris4 #c4 ,they will arm1 arn4 #b4 ,you will arm1 ,,vv4--arn4 ,second ,conjugation4 ,,present4 #a4 ,i offend1 ofend-o4 #b4 ,thou offendest1 es4 #c4 ,he offends1 e4 #b4 ,you offend1 ,v4--e4#f #a4 ,we offend1 mos4 #b4 ,you offend1 is4 #c4 ,they offend1 en4 #b4 ,you offend1 ,,vv4--en4#g ,,imperfect4 #a4 ,i offended1 ofend-a4 #b4 ,thou offendedst1 as4 #c4 ,he offended1 a4 #b4 ,you offended1 ,v4--a4 #a4 ,we offended1 amos4 #b4 ,you offended1 ais4 #c4 ,they offended1 an4 #b4 ,you offended1 ,,vv4--an4 ,,perfect4 #a4 ,i offended1 ofend-4 #b4 ,thou offendedst1 iste4 #c4 ,he offended1 i4 #b4 ,you offended1 ,v4--i4 #a4 ,we offended1 imos4 #b4 ,you offended1 isteis4 #c4 ,they offended1 iron4 #b4 ,you offended1 ,,vv4--ron4 ,,future4 #a4 ,i shall offend1 ofend-er4 #b4 ,thou wilt offend1 ers4 #c4 ,he will offend1 er4 #b4 ,you will offend1 ,v4--er4 #a4 ,we shall offend1 ermos4 #b4 ,you will offend1 eris4 #c4 ,they will offend1 ern4 #b4 ,you will offend1 ,,vv4--ern4 ,third ,conjugation4 ,,present4 #a4 ,i unite1 un-o4 #b4 ,thou unitest1 es4 #c4 ,he unites1 e4 #b4 ,you unite1 ,v4--e4#h #a4 ,we unite1 imos4 #b4 ,you unite1 is4 #c4 ,they unite1 en4 #b4 ,you unite1 ,,vv4--en4#i ,,imperfect4 #a4 ,i united1 un-a4 #b4 ,thou unitedst1 as4 #c4 ,he united1 a4 #b4 ,you united1 ,v4--a4 #a4 ,we united1 amos4 #b4 ,you united1 ais4 #c4 ,they united1 an4 #b4 ,you united1 ,,vv4--an4 ,,perfect4 #a4 ,i united1 un-4 #b4 ,thou unitedst1 iste4 #c4 ,he united1 i4 #b4 ,you united1 ,v4--i4 #a4 ,we united1 imos4 #b4 ,you united1 isteis4 #c4 ,they united1 iron4 #b4 ,you united1 ,,vv4--iron4 ,,future4 #a4 ,i shall unite1 un-ir4 #b4 ,thou wilt unite1 irs4 #c4 ,he will unite1 ir4 #b4 ,you will unite1 ,v4--ir4 #a4 ,we shall unite1 irmos4 #b4 ,you will unite1 iris4 #c4 ,they will unite1 irn4 #b4 ,you will unite1 ,,vv4--irn4 ,,remark4--,those scholars who desire a more detailed explanation of this subject1 are referred to ,lesson ,,xl4 page #aeg of ,ollendorff's ,new ,method of ,learning to ,read and ,write the ,spanish ,language1 published by ,d4 ,appleton ,co41 ,no4 #bjj ,broadway4 ,this work contains every rule necessary to render easy the study of that language4 ,,imperative ,,mood4 ,first ,conjugation4 #a4 ,let me arm1#aa arm-e4 #b4 ,arm thou1 a4 #b4 ,arm thou not1#ab no--es4 #c4 ,let him arm1 e4 #b4 ,arm you1 e,v4 #a4 ,let us arm1 mos4 #b4 ,arm ye1 ad4 #b4 ,arm you not1 no--is4 #c4 ,let them arm1 en4 #b4 ,arm you1 en ,,vv4 ,second ,conjugation4 #a4 ,let me offend1 ofend-a4 #b4 ,offend thou1 as4 #b4 ,offend thou not1 no--as4 #c4 ,let him offend1 a4 #b4 ,offend you1 a ,v4 #a4 ,let us offend1 mos4 #b4 ,offend ye1 ed4 #b4 ,offend ye not1 no--ais4 #c4 ,let them offend1 an4 #b4 ,offend you1 an ,,vv4 ,third ,conjugation4 #a4 ,let me unite1 un-a4 #b4 ,unite thou1 e4 #b4 ,unite thou not1 no--as4 #c4 ,let him unite1 a4 #b4 ,unite you1 a ,v4 #a4 ,let us unite1 mos4 #b4 ,unite ye1 id4 #b4 ,unite ye not1 no--ais4 #c4 ,let them unite1 an4 #b4 ,unite you1 an ,,vv4 ,,subjunctive ,,mood4 ,,present4 #a4 ,i may arm1 arm-e4 #b4 ,thou mayst arm1 es4 #c4 ,he may arm1 e4 #b4 ,you may arm1 ,v4--e4 #a4 ,we may arm1 mos4 #b4 ,you may arm1 is4 #c4 ,they may arm1 en4 #b4 ,you may arm1 ,,vv4--en4 ,,imperfect4 ,termination--ra4 #a4 ,i might arm1 arm-ra4 #b4 ,thou mightst arm1 ras4 #c4 ,he might arm1 ra4 #b4 ,you might arm1 ,v4--ra4 #a4 ,we might arm1 ramos4 #b4 ,you might arm1 rais4 #c4 ,they might arm1 ran4 #b4 ,you might arm1 ,,vv4--ran4 ,termination--ara4 #a4 ,i might arm1 arm-ara4 #b4 ,thou mightst arm1 aras4 #c4 ,he might arm1 ara4 #b4 ,you might arm1 ,v4--ara4 #a4 ,we might arm1 aramos4 #b4 ,you might arm1 arais4 #c4 ,they might arm1 aran4 #b4 ,you might arm1 ,,vv4--aran4 ,first ,conjugation4 ,termination--se4 #a4 ,i might arm1 arm-se4 #b4 ,thou mightst arm1 ses4 #c4 ,he might arm1 se4 #b4 ,you might arm1 ,v4--se4 #a4 ,we might arm1 semos4 #b4 ,you might arm1 seis4 #c4 ,they might arm1 sen4 #b4 ,you might arm1 ,,vv4--sen4 ,,future4 #a4 ,if ,i should arm1 arm-re4 #b4 ,if thou shouldst arm1 res4 #c4 ,if he should arm1 re4 #b4 ,if you should arm1 ,v4--re4 #a4 ,if we should arm1 remos4 #b4 ,if you should arm1 reis4 #c4 ,if they should arm1 ren4 #b4 ,if they should arm1 ,,vv4--ren4 ,,present4 #a4 ,i may offend1 ofend-a4 #b4 ,thou mayst offend1 as4 #c4 ,he may offend1 a4 #b4 ,you may offend1 ,v4--a4 #a4 ,we may offend1 mos4 #b4 ,you may offend1 is4 #c4 ,they may offend1 an4 #b4 ,you may offend1 ,,vv4--an4 ,,imperfect4 ,termination--ira4 #a4 ,i might offend1 ofend-ira4 #b4 ,thou mightst offend1 iras4 #c4 ,he might offend1 ira4 #b4 ,you might offend1 ,v4--ira4 #a4 ,we might offend1 iramos4 #b4 ,you might offend1 irais4 #c4 ,they might offend1 iran4 #b4 ,you might offend1 ,,vv4--iran4 ,termination--era4 #a4 ,i might offend1 ofend-era4 #b4 ,thou mightst offend1 eras4 #c4 ,he might offend1 era4 #b4 ,you might offend1 ,v4--era4 #a4 ,we might offend1 eramos4 #b4 ,you might offend1 erais4 #c4 ,they might offend1 eran4 #b4 ,you might offend1 ,,vv4--eran4 ,second ,conjugation4 ,termination--ise4 #a4 ,i might offend1 ofend-ise4 #b4 ,thou mightst offend1 ises4 #c4 ,he might offend1 ise4 #b4 ,you might offend1 ,v4--ise4 #a4 ,we might offend1 isemos4 #b4 ,you might offend1 iseis4 #c4 ,they might offend1 isen4 #b4 ,you might offend1 ,,vv4--isen4 ,,future4 #a4 ,if ,i should offend1 ofend-ire4 #b4 ,if thou shouldst offend1 ires4 #c4 ,if he should offend1 ire4 #b4 ,if you should offend1 ,v4--ire4 #a4 ,if we should offend1 iremos4 #b4 ,if you should offend1 ireis4 #c4 ,if they should offend1 iren4 #b4 ,if they should offend1 iren4 ,,present4 #a4 ,i may unite1 un-a4 #b4 ,thou mayst unite1 as4 #c4 ,he may unite1 a4 #b4 ,you may unite1 ,v4--a4 #a4 ,we may unite1 mos4 #b4 ,you may unite1 is4 #c4 ,they may unite1 an4 #b4 ,you may unite1 ,,vv4--an4 ,,imperfect4 ,termination--ira4 #a4 ,i might unite1 un-ira4 #b4 ,thou mightst unite1 iras4 #c4 ,he might unite1 ira4 #b4 ,you might unite1 ,v4--ira4 #a4 ,we might unite1 iramos4 #b4 ,you might unite1 irais4 #c4 ,they might unite1 iran4 #b4 ,you might unite1 ,,vv4--iran4 ,termination--ira4 #a4 ,i might unite1 un-ira4 #b4 ,thou mightst unite1 iras4 #c4 ,he might unite1 ira4 #b4 ,you might unite1 ,v4--ira4 #a4 ,we might unite1 iramos4 #b4 ,you might unite1 irais4 #c4 ,they might unite1 irain4 #b4 ,you might unite1 ,,vv4--iran4 ,third ,conjugation4 ,termination--ise4 #a4 ,i might unite1 un-ise4 #b4 ,thou mightst unite1 ises4 #c4 ,he might unite1 ise4 #b4 ,you might unite1 ,v4--ise4 #a4 ,we might unite1 isemos4 #b4 ,you might unite1 iseis4 #c4 ,they might unite1 isen4 #b4 ,you might unite1 ,,vv4--isen4 ,,future4 #a4 ,if ,i should unite1 un-ire4 #b4 ,if thou shouldst unite1 ires4 #c4 ,if he should unite1 ire4 #b4 ,if you should unite1 ,v4--ire4 #a4 ,if we should unite1 iremos4 #b4 ,if you should unite1 ireis4 #c4 ,if they should unite1 iren4 #b4 ,if they should unite1 ,,vv4--iren4 ,,remark4--,could1 would1 or should express as well as might any of the above tenses1 but the translation of the verb preceded by them in ,english1 depends entirely on the meaning of the ,spanish verb or conjunction that governs1 or requires it in the subjunctive mood1 as it is explained in ,lesson ,,lxxix4 p4 #cef of ,ollendorff's ,method1 which the learner must study with attention4 ,the future of the subjunctive might be translated in ,english when ,i shall1 and the verb in the usual way4 #c ,v4 in the singular1 must be read ,usted2 ,,vv4 means ,ustedes1 and must be pronounced so4 #d ,v4 in the singular1 must be read ,usted2 ,,vv4 means ,ustedes1 and must be pronounced so4 #e ,when the ,english imperfect tense1 for instance1 he united1 may #a;be expressed by he was uniting1 or he used or was accustomed to unite1 preserving the same sense1 then it is to be translated by the imperfect tense in ,spanish2 thus--l una4 ,when that cannot be done1 but it may be changed into did1 then the preterit must be used--l uni4 ,the same must be understood of all the verbs in the imperfect tense4 #f ,v4 in the singular1 must be read ,usted2 ,,vv4 means ,ustedes1 and must be pronounced so4 #g ,v4 in the singular1 must be read ,usted2 ,,vv4 means ,ustedes1 and must be pronounced so4 #h ,v4 in the singular1 must be read ,usted2 ,,vv4 means ,ustedes1 and must be pronounced so4 #i ,v4 in the singular1 must be read ,usted2 ,,vv4 means ,ustedes1 and must be pronounced so4 #aj ,when the ,english imperfect tense1 for instance1 he united1 may be expressed by he was uniting1 or he used or was accustomed to unite1 preserving the same sense1 then it is to be translated by the imperfect tense in ,spanish2 thus--l una4 ,when that cannot be done1 but it may be changed into did1 then the preterit must be used--l uni4 ,the same must be understood of all the verbs in the imperfect tense4 #aa ,the imperative mood is set as it is found in ,murray's ,english ,grammar1 with the object that the student may learn how to translate it4 ,when the emphasis is laid on the auxiliary let1 it may be translated by the verbs permitir or dejar1 in the second person singular or plural2 or in the third person singular or plural1 if ,usted or ,ustedes is used4 #ab ,the terminations of the second person singular or plural1 when the verb is used negatively1 are es1 eis1 as1 ais1 thus--offend thou not1 no ofendas2 unite ye not1 no unais4 ,,compound ,,tenses4 ,obs4 #d4 ,these tenses being formed by placing after the verb haber1 7to have17 the participle past of the principal verb1 or the verb that is conjugated1 only one participle for each conjugation is here given1 in all the tenses4 ,,indicative ,,mood4 ,,perfect1 ,,or ,,preterit ,,definite4 ,it is compounded of the present of the indicative of the verb haber1 7to have17 and the perfect1 or participle past of the verb which is conjugated4 ,for brevity's sake1 the ,english is prefixed only to the first person of all these tenses4 ,i have armed4 ,yo he armado4 ,i have offended4 ,yo he ofendido4 ,i have united4 ,yo he unido4 #a4 ,he armado4 ,hemos armado4 #b4 ,has ofendido4 ,habeis ofendido4 #c4 ,ha unido4 ,han unido4 #b4 ,v4 ha ,,vv4 han ,,pluperfect4 ,i had armed4 ,yo habia armado4 ,i had offended4 ,yo habia ofendido4 ,i had united4 ,yo habia unido4 #a4 ,habia armado4 ,habamos armado4 #b4 ,habias ofendido4 ,habais ofendido4 #c4 ,habia unido4 ,habian unido4 #b4 ,v4 habia ,,vv4 habian ,,preterit ,,indefinite1 ,,or ,,anterior4 ,i had armed4 ,yo hube armado4 ,i had offended4 ,yo hube ofendido4 ,i had united4 ,yo hube unido4 #a4 ,hube armado4 ,hubimos armado4 #b4 ,hubiste ofendido4 ,hubisteis ofendido4 #c4 ,hubo unido4 ,hubieron unido4 #b4 ,v4 hubo ,,vv4 hubieron ,,future ,,definite4 ,i shall have armed4 ,yo habr armado4 ,i shall have offended4 ,yo habr ofendido4 ,i shall have united4 ,yo habr unido4 #a4 ,habr armado4 ,habrmos armado4 #b4 ,habrs ofendido4 ,habris ofendido4 #c4 ,habr unido4 ,habrn unido4 #b4 ,v4 habr ,,vv4 habrn ,,subjunctive ,,mood4 ,,perfect1 ,,or ,,preterit ,,definite4 ,i may have armed4 ,yo haya armado4 ,i may have offended4 ,yo haya ofendido4 ,i may have united4 ,yo haya unido4 #a4 ,haya armado4 ,hyamos armado4 #b4 ,hayas ofendido4 ,hyais ofendido4 #c4 ,haya unido4 ,hayan unido4 #b4 ,v4 haya ,,vv4 hayan ,,pluperfect4 ,termination ,,iera4 ,i might have armed4 ,yo hubiera armado4 ,i might have offended4 ,yo hubiera ofendido4 ,i might have united4 ,yo hubiera unido4 #a4 ,hubiera armado4 ,hubiramos armado4 #b4 ,hubieras ofendido4 ,hubirais ofendido4 #c4 ,hubiera unido4 ,hubieran unido4 #b4 ,v4 hubiera ,,vv4 hubieran ,,pluperfect4 ,termination ,,ria4 ,i might 7would7 have armed4 ,yo habria armado4 ,i might 7would7 have offended4 ,yo habria ofendido4 ,i might 7would7 have united4 ,yo habria unido4 #a4 ,habria armado4 ,habramos armado4 #b4 ,habrias ofendido4 ,habrais ofendido4 #c4 ,habria unido4 ,habrian unido4 #b4 ,v4 habria ,,vv4 habrian ,,pluperfect4 ,termination ,,iese4 ,i might have armed4 ,yo hubiese armado4 ,i might have offended4 ,yo hubiese ofendido4 ,i might have united4 ,yo hubiese unido4 #a4 ,hubiese armado4 ,hubisemos armado4 #b4 ,hubieses ofendido4 ,hubiseis ofendido4 #c4 ,hubiese unido4 ,hubiesen unido4 #b4 ,v4 hubiese ,,vv4 hubiesen ,,future ,,definite4 ,should ,i have armed4 ,si yo hubiere armado4 ,should ,i have offended4 ,si yo hubiere ofendido4 ,should ,i have united4 ,si yo hubiere unido4 #a4 ,hubiere armado4 ,hubiremos armado4 #b4 ,hubieres ofendido4 ,hubireis ofendido4 #c4 ,hubiere unido4 ,hubieren unido4 #b4 ,v4 hubiere ,,vv4 hubieren ,,conjugation ,,of ,,the ,,auxiliary ,,verbs4 ,,infinitive ,,mood4 ,,present4 ,to have4 ,to be4 ,haber4 ,tener4 ,ser4 ,estar4 ,,gerund4 ,having4 ,being4 ,habiendo4 ,teniendo4 ,siendo4 ,estando4 ,,past ,,participle4 ,had4 ,been4 ,habido4 ,tenido4 ,sido4 ,estado4 ,,indicative ,,mood4 ,,present4 ,i have4 ,i am4 #a4 ,he4 ,tengo4 ,soy4 ,estoy4 #b4 ,has4 ,tienes4 ,eres4 ,estas4 #c4 ,ha4 ,tiene4 ,es4 ,est4 #b4 ,v4 ha4 ,v4 tiene4 ,v4 es4 ,v4 est4 #a4 ,hemos4 ,tenemos4 ,somos4 ,estamos4 #b4 ,habeis4 ,teneis4 ,sois4 ,estais4 #c4 ,han4 ,tienen4 ,son4 ,estan4 #b4 ,,vv4 han4 ,,vv4 tienen4 ,,vv4 son4 ,,vv4 estan4 ,,imperfect4 ,i had4 ,i was4 #a4 ,habia4 ,tenia4 ,era4 ,estaba4 #b4 ,habias4 ,tenias4 ,eras4 ,estabas4 #c4 ,habia4 ,tenia4 ,era4 ,estaba4 #b4 ,v4 habia4 ,v4 tenia4 ,v4 era4 ,v4 estaba4 #a4 ,habamos4 ,tenamos4 ramos4 ,estbamos4 #b4 ,habais4 ,tenais4 rais4 ,estbais4 #c4 ,habian4 ,tenian4 ,eran4 ,estaban4 #b4 ,,vv4 habian4 ,,vv4 tenian4 ,,vv4 eran4 ,,vv4 estaban4 ,,preterit4 ,i had4 ,i was4 #a4 ,hube4 ,tuve4 ,fui4 ,estuve4 #b4 ,hubiste4 ,tuviste4 ,fuiste4 ,estuviste4 #c4 ,hubo4 ,tuvo4 ,fu4 ,estuvo4 #b4 ,v4 hubo4 ,v4 tuvo4 ,v4 fu4 ,v4 estuvo4 #a4 ,hubmos4 ,tuvmos4 ,fumos4 ,estuvimos4 #b4 ,hubisteis4 ,tuvisteis4 ,fusteis4 ,estuvsteis4 #c4 ,hubiron4 ,tuviron4 ,furon4 ,estuviron4 #b4 ,,vv4 hubiron4 ,,vv4 tuviron4 ,,vv4 furon4 ,,vv4 estuviron4 ,,future4 ,i shall have4 ,i shall be4 #a4 ,habr4 ,tendr4 ,ser4 ,estar4 #b4 ,habrs4 ,tendrs4 ,sers4 ,estars4 #c4 ,habr4 ,tendr4 ,ser4 ,estar4 #b4 ,v4 habr4 ,v4 tendr4 ,v4 ser4 ,v4 estar4 #a4 ,habrmos4 ,tendrmos4 ,sermos4 ,estarmos4 #b4 ,habris4 ,tendris4 ,seris4 ,estaris4 #c4 ,habrn4 ,tendrn4 ,sern4 ,estarn4 #b4 ,,vv4 habrn4 ,,vv4 tendrn4 ,,vv4 sern4 ,,vv4 estarn4 ,,imperative ,,mood4 ,let me have4 ,let me be4 #a4 ,let me have4 ,tenga yo4 ,sea4 ,est4 #b4 ,have thou4 ,ten t4 ,se4 ,est4 #b4 ,have not4 ,no tengas4 ,n seas4 ,no estes4 #c4 ,let him have4 ,tenga l4 ,sea4 ,est4 #b4 ,have4 ,tenga ,v4 ,sea ,v4 ,est ,v4 #a4 ,let us have4 ,tengamos4 ,seamos4 ,estemos4 #b4 ,have ye4 ,tened4 ,sed4 ,estad4 #b4 ,have not4 ,no tengais4 ,no seais4 ,no estais4 #c4 ,let them have4 ,tengan4 ,sean4 ,esten4 #b4 ,have you4 ,tengan ,,vv4 ,sean ,,vv4 ,esten ,,vv4 ,,subjunctive ,,mood4 ,,present4 ,i may have4 ,i may be4 #a4 ,haya4 ,tenga4 ,sea4 ,est4 #b4 ,hayas4 ,tengas4 ,seas4 ,estes4 #c4 ,haya4 ,tenga4 ,sea4 ,est4 #b4 ,v4 haya4 ,v4 tenga4 ,v4 sea4 ,v4 est4 #a4 ,hyamos4 ,tengamos4 ,seamos4 ,estemos4 #b4 ,hyais4 ,tengais4 ,seais4 ,esteis4 #c4 ,hayan4 ,tengan4 ,sean4 ,esten4 #b4 ,,vv4 hayan4 ,,vv4 tengan4 ,,vv4 sean4 ,,vv4 esten4 ,,imperfect4 ,,first ,,termination4 ,i would have4 ,i would be4 #a4 ,hubiera4 ,tuviera4 ,fuera4 ,estuviera4 #b4 ,hubieras4 ,tuvieras4 ,fueras4 ,estuvieras4 #c4 ,hubiera4 ,tuviera4 ,fuera4 ,estuviera4 #b4 ,v4 hubiera4 ,v4 tuviera4 ,v4 fuera4 ,v4 estuviera4 #a4 ,hubiramos4 ,tuviramos4 ,furamos4 ,estuviramos4 #b4 ,hubirais4 ,tuvirais4 ,furais4 ,estuvirais4 #c4 ,hubieran4 ,tuvieran4 ,fueran4 ,estuvieran4 #b4 ,,vv4 hubieran4 ,,vv4 tuvieran4 ,,vv4 fueran4 ,,vv4 estuvieran4 ,,second ,,termination4 ,i would have4 ,i would be4 #a4 ,habria4 ,tendria4 ,seria4 ,estaria4 #b4 ,habrias4 ,tendrias4 ,serias4 ,estarias4 #c4 ,habria4 ,tendria4 ,seria4 ,estaria4 #b4 ,v4 habria4 ,v4 tendria4 ,v4 seria4 ,v4 estaria4 #a4 ,habramos4 ,tendramos4 ,seramos4 ,estaramos4 #b4 ,habrais4 ,tendrais4 ,serais4 ,estarais4 #c4 ,habrian4 ,tendrian4 ,serian4 ,estarian4 #b4 ,,vv4 habrian4 ,,vv4 tendrian4 ,,vv4 serian4 ,,vv4 estarian4 ,,third ,,termination4 ,i should have4 ,i should be4 #a4 ,hubiese4 ,tuviese4 ,fuese4 ,estuviese4 #b4 ,hubieses4 ,tuvieses4 ,fueses4 ,estuvieses4 #c4 ,hubiese4 ,tuviese4 ,fuese4 ,estuviese4 #b4 ,v4 hubiese4 ,v4 tuviese4 ,v4 fuese4 ,v4 estuviese4 #a4 ,hubisemos4 ,tuvisemos4 ,fusemos4 ,estuvisemos4 #b4 ,hubiseis4 ,tuviseis4 ,fuseis4 ,estuviseis4 #c4 ,hubiesen4 ,tuviesen4 ,fuesen4 ,estuviesen4 #b4 ,,vv4 hubiesen4 ,,vv4 tuviesen4 ,,vv4 fuesen4 ,,vv4 estuviesen4 ,,future4 ,when ,i shall have4 ,when ,i shall be4 #a4 ,hubiere4 ,tuviere4 ,fuere4 ,estuviere4 #b4 ,hubieres4 ,tuvieres4 ,fueres4 ,estuvieres4 #c4 ,hubiere4 ,tuviere4 ,fuere4 ,estuviere4 #b4 ,v4 hubiere4 ,v4 tuviere4 ,v4 fuere4 ,v4 estuviere4 #a4 ,hubiremos4 ,tuviremos4 ,furemos4 ,estuviremos4 #b4 ,hubireis4 ,tuvireis4 ,fureis4 ,estuvireis4 #c4 ,hubieren4 ,tuvieren4 ,fueren4 ,estuvieren4 #b4 ,,vv4 hubieren4 ,,vv4 tuvieren4 ,,vv4 furen4 ,,vv4 estuviren4 ,,idiomatical ,,translation ,,of ,,some ,,tenses4 ,n4,b4--,the 7i7 stands for the present of the infinitive mood1 and the 7p7 for the past participle4 ,i am to1 7i17 ,he de1 7i17 7#aci-aec7ac ,thou art to1 7i17 c4 ,has de1 7i17 c4 ,i was to1 7i17 c4 ,habia de1 7i17 c4 ,i shall be obliged to1 7i17 c4 ,habr de1 7i17 c4 ,i have just1 7p17 c4 ,acabo de1 7i17 acabas de1 7i17 c4 7#baa47 ,i had just1 c4 ,acababa de1 7i17 acababas de1 7i17 c4 ,i am going to1 7i17 c4 ,voy 1 7i17 vas 1 7i17 va 1 7i47 ,vamos 1 7i17 vais 1 7i17 van 1 7i47 ,i was going to1 7i17 c4 ,iba 1 7i17 ibas 17i17 iba 1 7i17 c4 ,volver 1 7i47 ,vuelvo 1 7i17 vuelves 1 7i17 ,to 7i7 again1 c4 vuelve 1 7i47 ,volvemos 1 7i17 volveis 1 7i17 vuelven 1 7i47 ,i liked to have1 7p47 ,estuve para1 7i47 ,to be near4 ,pres4 ,estar pique de1 7i47 ,to come near4 participle4 ,estar punto de1 7i47 ,estar para1 7i47 ,to be about1 7p4 or i47 ,estar para4 ,to be to1 7i47 ,ser de4 ,haber de4 ,deber4 ,it is to be observed4 ,es de notar4 ,se ha de notar4 ,debe notarse4 #ac ,the numbers within a parenthesis refer to the pages in ,ollendorff's ,method which the scholar is advised to consult4 ,,table ,,showing ,,how ,,to ,,place ,,the ,,different ,,pronouns ,,in ,a ,,sentence1 7#fi47 l me le 7los1 la1 las1 lo7 da4 l no te le 7los1 la1 las1 lo7 envia4 ,nos le 7los1 la1 las1 lo7 ofrece l8 ,nos le 7los1 la1 las1 lo7 trae l8 ,v4 no se le 7los1 la1 las1 lo7 promete4 ,a ,,verb ,,affirmatively1 ,,negatively1 ,,and ,,interrogatively ,,conjugated4 ,i recompense1 or do recompense4 ,recompenso4 ,i do not recompense4 ,yo no recompenso1 or ,no recompenso4 ,do ,i recompense8 ,recompenso8 or ,recompenso yo8 ,do ,i not recompense8 ,no recompenso8 ,no recompenso yo8 ,i have corresponded4 ,he correspondido4 ,i have not corresponded4 ,no he correspondido4 ,have ,i corresponded8 ,he correspondido8 or ,he correspondido yo8 ,have ,i not corresponded8 ,no he correspondido yo8 ,,passive ,,verbs4 7#age47 ,passive verbs are formed from active-transitive verbs by adding their participle past1 or passive1 to the auxiliary verb ser1 7to be17 through all its changes1 as in ,english2 thus1 from the active verb amar1 7to love17 is formed the passive verb ser amado1 7to be loved47 ,obs4 #e4 ,the participle must agree in gender and number with the nominative it refers to2 consequently it changes the o into a when the subject is feminine1 and adds s for the plural2 thus1 ,,singular4 ,he is loved4 ,el es amado4 ,she is loved4 ,ella es amada4 ,you are loved4 ,v4 es amado1 7amada47 ,,plural4 ,they are loved4 ,ellos son amados4 ,they are loved4 ,ellas son amadas4 ,you are loved4 ,,vv4 son amados1 7amadas47 ,obs4 #f4 ,in the compound tenses the participle of the principal verb is the only one that admits the change2 the participle of the auxiliary verb to be 7been1 sido7 is unchangeable2 as1 ,he has been rewarded4 ,el ha sido premiado4 ,they have been rewarded4 ,ellos han sido premiados4 ,she had been admired4 ,ella habia sido admirada4 ,they had been admired4 ,ellas habian sido admiradas4 ,you could have been employed4 ,v4 habria sido empleado1 7empleada47 ,you could have been assisted4 ,,vv4 habrian sido asistidos1 7asistidas47 ,obs4 #g4 ,passive impersonal verbs1 and those referring to inanimate objects or things1 are translated by placing the verb which is in the participle past in ,english1 in the same person and number in which the verb to be is in the ,english sentence1 placing the pronoun se before it2 thus1--,this ship was built in less than three months2 ,esta fragata se construy en mnos de tres meses1 instead of fu construida4 ,it is said2 ,se dice1 instead of ,es dicho4 ,,pronominal1 ,,or ,,reflective ,,verbs4 ,a pronominal1 or reflective verb1 is that which has the same person or thing as subject and object2 as1 ,he arms himself4 ,el se arma s mismo4 ,these verbs terminate their present of the infinitive mood by the pronoun se1 which must be suppressed in order to find out the conjugation1 thus-- ,to approach4 ,acercarse4 ,to be sorry4 ,dolerse4 ,to repent4 ,arrepentirse4 ,taking off the se we here have1 acercar1 #ast conjugation1 doler1 #b;d conjugation2 and arrepentir1 #c;d conjugation4 7#hj47 ,these verbs are conjugated by placing the pronouns me1 te1 se1 se1 nos1 os1 se1 se1 according to the number and person of the nominative they refer to1 immediately before the verb1 if the subject be expressed before it2 and either before or after the verb1 if the subject be not expressed or placed after it4 ,when they are placed1 after the verb1 they must be written so as to form one word with it4 ,in the imperative mood they are always placed after the verb1 which suppresses the s in the first person plural1 and the d in the second person of the same number4 ,when the second person singular or plural is used with the adverb no1 the pronouns are placed before the verb4 ,examples3-- #a4 ,i congratulate myself4 ,yo me congratulo4 #b4 ,thou congratulatest thyself4 ,t te congratulas4 #c4 ,he congratulates himself4 ,el se congratula4 #b4 ,you congratulate yourself4 ,v4 se congratula4 #a4 ,we congratulate ourselves4 ,nosotros nos congratulamos4 #b4 ,you congratulate yourselves4 ,vosotros os congratulais4 #c4 ,they congratulate themselves4 ,ellos se congratulan4 #b4 ,you congratulate yourselves4 ,,vv4 se congratulan4 #a4 ,i had congratulated myself4 ,me habia congratulado4 #b4 ,i have armed myself4 ,yo me he armado4 #c4 ,they had flattered themselves4 ,ellos se habian lisonjeado4 ,,imperative ,,mood4 ,behave 7thou7 well4 ,prtate bien4 ,behave 7you7 well4 ,portos bien1 7the d is suppressed7 ,behave not ill4 ,no te portes mal4 ,behave 7you7 not ill4 ,no os portis mal4 ,let us prepare ourselves4 ,preparmonos4 7the s is suppressed47 ,,gerund4--,gerundio4 ,the gerund is that part of the verb that terminates in ando in the verbs of the first conjugation1 and in iendo in those of the second and third2 as1 publicando1 7publishing17 from publicar2 prometiendo1 7promising17 from prometer2 asistiendo1 7assisting17 from asistir4 ,it does not admit any change of gender or number4 ,it is translated by the ,english present participle1 and conjugated with the verb estar1 7to be27 as1 ,anastasia is reading1 and ,maria ,anastasia est leyendo1 y ,maria ,ann is playing on the piano4 ,ana est tocando el piano4 ,it is used also absolutely2 as1 ,by practising virtue thou wilt ,practicando la virtud1 sers feliz4 be happy4 ,,verbs ,,that ,,alter ,,their ,,radical ,,letters4 ,verbs ending in car change the c into que1 when the first letter of the termination is e2 as1 to mark1 marcar1 marc-ar1 7perfect tense7 marqu4 ,verbs ending in gar add a u immediately after the g in the terminations beginning by e2 as1 to pay1 pagar1 pag-ar1 7perfect tense7 pagu4 ,verbs in cer change the c into z 8 ger 8 g 8 j when the first letter of 8 gir 8 g 8 j the termination is either 8 quir 8 qu 8 c o or a4 8 guir lose the u ,examples3--,to vanquish1 vencer1 venzo2 to choose1 escoger escojo2 to elect1 elegir1 elijo2 to transgress the law1 delinquir delinco2 to follow1 seguir1 sigo4 ,,remarks ,,on ,,the ,,use ,,of ,,the ,,subjunctive ,,mood4 #a4 ,the imperfect tense of the subjunctive has three terminations2 the first in ra1 the second in ria1 the third in se4 ,the termination ra 7or se7 must be used when the verb is governed by a conditional conjunction1 or an interjection expressing a wish2 and if any other verb be in the same phrase to complete its sense1 it must be placed in the termination ria2 as1 ,if you studied more1 you would learn very much2 ,si usted estudiara mas1 ,v4 aprenderia mucho4 #b4 ,when the verb begins without a conditional conjunction1 the termination ra or ra may be used1 and the verb requisite to complete the sentence must be placed in the termination se2 as1 ,it would be proper that you should write to him2 ,fuera 7or seria7 bueno que ,v4 le escribiese4 #c4 ,verbs denoting admiration1 command1 desire1 duty1 fear1 ignorance1 intention1 permission1 prohibition1 application1 surprise1 will1 and also the impersonal verbs1 govern the next verb in the subjunctive with que4 ,if the governing verb is in the present or future of the indicative1 or subjunctive1 the verb governed must be placed in the present of the subjunctive4 ,if the governing verb be in any of the past tenses of the indicative1 the verb governed must be placed in the first or third termination of the imperfect tense of the subjunctive2 as1 ,they beg you to come early2 ,suplican a ,v4 que venga temprano4 ,i requested him to send you my letter2 ,le encargu que enviara ,v4 mi carta4 ,,participle4 ,the passive or past participle terminates in ado in the first conjugation1 and in ido in the second and third4 ,it changes its termination according to the number and gender of the person it refers to2 except when it follows immediately after the verb haber1 or any other auxiliary1 in which case it does not admit of any change4 ,all passive participles that do not terminate in ado or ido are called irregular2 such are the following1 from the verbs-- ,to open1 abrir1 abierto4 ,to print1 imprimir1 impreso4 ,to cover1 cubrir1 cubierto4 ,to die1 morir1 muerto4 ,to say1 decir1 dicho4 ,to solve1 solver1 suelto4 ,to write1 escribir1 escrito4 ,to see1 ver1 visto4 ,to fry1 freir1 frito4 ,to put1 poner1 puesto4 ,to do1 hacer1 hecho4 ,to turn1 volver1 vuelto4 ,their compounds have the same irregularity4 ,obs4 #h4 ,the participles past of haber1 ser1 estar1 and tener1 do not admit any variation4 ,the first and the last had it formerly4 ,,verbs ,,that ,,have ,,two ,,participles4 ,there are some verbs that have two passive participles1 the one regular and the other irregular4 ,such are3--,to bless1 bendecir1 bendecido1 bendito2 to compel1 compeler1 compelido1 compulso2 to convert1 convertir1 convertido1 converso2 to awake1 despertar1 despertado1 despierto2 to elect1 elegir1 elegido1 electo2 to express1 expresar1 expresado1 expreso2 to fix1 fijar1 fijado1 fijo2 to satiate1 hartar1 hartado1 harto2 to include1 incluir1 incluido1 incluso2 to join1 juntar1 juntado junto2 to arrest1 prender1 prendido1 preso2 to provide1 proveer1 proveido1 provisto2 to break1 romper1 rompido1 roto2 to loosen1 soltar1 soltado1 suelto2 to suspend1 suspender1 suspendido1 suspenso1 c4 ,the regular participles of these verbs are used to form the compound tenses with haber2 as1 ,he has awaked early4 ,el ha dispertado temprano4 ,the irregular participles are used as verbal adjectives1 and with the verbs ser1 c41 and do not form compound tenses with haber2 excepting preso1 prescrito1 provisto1 roto1 and a few others2 as1 ,he is early awaked4 ,el est despierto temprano4 ,they have provided4 ,ellos han provisto1 7proveido47 ,,adverbs4 ,adverbs are formed from adjectives of one termination by adding to them mente2 as1 dulce1 dulcemente3 and from those of two terminations by adding mente to the feminine2 as1 gracioso1 graciosamente4 ,they admit the superlative2 as1 graciossimamente4 ,when two or more adverbs ending in ly occur in the same sentence1 the termination mente is added to the last only2 as1 ,he speaks elegantly and correctly4 ,el habla correcta y elegantemente4 ,a ,,few ,,of ,,the ,,adverbs4 ,here1 ac1 aqu4 ,little1 poco4 ,there1 all1 all1 ah4 ,already1 ya4 ,near1 cerca4 ,often1 menudo4 ,far1 ljos4 ,to-day1 hoy4 ,where1 donde1 adonde4 ,yesterday1 ayer4 ,within1 dentro4 ,to-morrow1 maana4 ,without1 fuera4 ,last night1 anoche4 ,up1 arriba4 ,now1 ahora4 ,down1 abajo4 ,presently1 luego4 ,before1 delante4 ,late1 tarde4 ,behind1 detras4 ,early1 temprano4 ,upon1 encima4 ,always1 siempre4 ,under1 debajo4 ,never1 nunca1 jamas4 ,well1 bien4 ,thus1 as4 ,ill1 mal4 ,very1 muy4 ,more1 mas4 ,even1 aun4 ,less1 mnos4 ,yes1 si4 ,much1 mucho4 ,no1 nor1 no1 ni4 ,,some ,,adverbial ,,expressions4 ,on all fours1 gatas4 ,in heaps1 montones4 ,hardly1 pnas4 ,on credit1 plazo4 ,sometimes1 veces4 ,truly1 la verdad4 ,knowingly1 sabiendas4 ,on the back1 cuestas4 ,at the utmost delay1 mas tardar4 ,slyly1 la sordina4 ,secretly1 escondidas4 ,rashly1 ,imprudently1 ojos cerrados4 ,instantly1 al punto4 ,very nearly1 casi casi4 ,as soon as possible4 cuanto ntes4 ,how long1 cuanto tiempo4 ,at most1 cuando mucho4 ,at least1 cuando mnos4 ,gratis1 for nothing1 de balde4 ,readily1 de contado4 ,of course1 de seguro4 ,from time to time1 de cuando en cuando4 ,now and then1 ,to and fro1 de aqu para all4 ,here and there1 ,on a sudden1 de improviso4 ,unexpectedly1 ,purposely1 de intento4 ,across1 de traves4 ,in fact1 actually1 de hecho4 ,pell-mell1 de tropel4 ,by chance1 ,cheaply1 de lance4 ,second-hand1 ,truly1 de vras4 ,in good earnest1 en conciencia4 ,forthwith1 en seguida4 ,in the future1 en adelante4 ,hereafter1 en lo sucesivo4 ,in a direct way1 en derechura4 ,briefly1 en resumen4 ,in short1 en breve4 ,to the utmost1 hasta no mas4 ,long time ago1 mucho tiempo ha4 ,behold1 he aqu1 or all4 ,not long since1 no ha mucho4 ,no sooner1 ,scarcely no bien4 ,lately1 poco ha4 ,by degrees1 ,softly1 poco poco4 ,of course1 por supuesto4 ,nearly1 por poco4 ,superficially1 por encima4 ,short time ago1 poco ha4 sobre seguro4 ,confidently1 ciencia4 cierta4 ,without motive sin ton ni son4 or cause1 ,some time ago1 rato ha4 ,perhaps1 tal vez1 acaso4 ,once1 una vez4 ,at once1 de una vez4 ,sometimes1 vces4 ,,prepositions4 ,the most frequent are-- ,at1 to1 for1 ,a4 ,towards1 hcia4 ,before1 ntes1 ante4 ,until1 hasta4 ,with1 con4 ,for1 to1 para4 ,against1 contra4 ,by1 for1 through por4 ,of1 from1 de4 ,according1 segun4 ,from1 desde4 ,without1 sin4 ,in1 on1 at1 en4 ,on1 upon1 sobre4 ,between1 among1 entre4 ,behind1 tras1 detras4 ,the following prepositions require de after them1 when they are followed by a noun or pronoun as1 ,that man comes after4 ,ese hombre viene despues4 ,sir1 he will go after you4 ,seor1 l ir despues de ,v4 ,about1 cerca1 al rededor1 en torno4 cerca de1 al rededor de1 en torno de4 ,before1 ntes1 delante4 ,within1 in1 dentro4 ,above1 up1 encima4 ,after1 despues4 ,below1 abajo4 ,behind1 detras1 tras4 ,under1 bajo4 ,beneath1 debajo4 ,out of1 fuera4 ,opposite1 enfrente4 ,near1 cerca4 ,on1 upon1 encima4 ,,conjunctions4 ,they are classed as follows3 ,,copulative4 ,that1 que4 ,also1 tambien4 ,moreover1 adems4 ,and1 y or i1 4#ad ,neither1 nor1 ni4 ,,disjunctive4 ,or1 either1 1 1 ya4#ae ,whether1 ,whether1 sea que4 ,neither1 tampoco4 ,,adversative4 ,but1 mas1 pero4 ,even1 aun cuando4 aun1 cuando4 ,although1 aunque4 ,though1 ,,causal4 ,because1 porque1 que4 ,why8 porqu8 ,since1 pues1 pues que4 ,by1 for1 por4 ,therefore1 por tanto4 ,whereas1 por cuanto4 ,that1 para que4 ,that1 para que4 ,in order that1 fin de4 ,,conditional4 ,if1 si4 ,but1 sino4 ,provided1 con tal que4 ,unless1 mnos de4 mnos que4 ,,continuative4 ,since1 pues1 puesto que4 ,,comparative4 ,as1 como1 as como4 ,so1 as4 #ad ,e is used instead of y when the following word begins with i or hi1 as1 ,wise men and ignorant4 ,sabios ignorantes4 ,mother and daughter4 ,madre hija4 #ae ,u is employed instead of 1 when the word immediately following it begins with o or ho2 as1 ,silver or gold4 ,plata oro ,,interjections4 ,alas6 ,ay6 ,take care6 ,tate6 ,ah6 ,ah6 ,hurrah6 ,viva6 ,wo to me6 ,ay de m6 ,here6 ,ce6 ,lo6 ,he6 ,fie6 ,puf6 ,well6 ,ea6 ,god grant6 ,ojal6 ,holla6 ,ola6 ,,some ,,of ,,the ,,most ,,common ,,abbreviations4 ,a or a1 ,arroba1 ,twenty-five pounds weight4 ,,aa4 ,autores1 ,authors4 ,a4,c4 ,ao ,cristiano1 ,christian year4 ,art4 or art4 ,artculo1 ,article4 ,beso1 besamos1 besa1 ,i1 we kiss2 he1 she kisses2 ,b4,l4,m4 besan la mano1 or they kiss the hands4 las manos1 ,b4,l4,p4 ,beso or besa los pis1 ,i kiss or he kisses the feet4 ,d4 ,dn4 ,don1 ,mr4 ,da4 ,doa1 ,mrs4 ,dr41 ,d4,d4 ,doctor1 ,doctores1 ,doctor1 ,doctors4 ,exmo41 ,esmo41 ,excelentsimo1 ,most ,excellent4 ,escmo4 ,fr4 ,fray1 ,frey1 ,friar1 ,brother4 ,ib4 ,ibidem1 ,the same4 ,ille4 ,illmo4 ,ilustre1 ,illustrious1 ,ilustrsimo1 ,most ,illustrious4 ,illma4 ,ilustrsima1 ,ill4 ,p4,s4 ,muy poderoso ,seor1 ,most powerful ,sir4 ,n4 ,fulano1 ,such a one4 ,no4 or ,nm4 ,nmero1 ,number4 ,nro4 ,nra4 ,nuestro1 a1 ,our4 ,onz4 ,onza1 ,ounce4 ,orn4 ,orden1 ,order4 ,p4,d4 ,post data1 ,postscript4 ,r4,p4,m4 or ,mtro4 ,reverendo ,padre ,reverend ,father and ,master4 ,maestro1 ,rdo4 ,p4 ,reverendo ,padre1 ,reverend ,father4 ,s4,sn4 ,sto4 ,sta4 ,san1 ,santo1 or ,santa1 ,saint4 ,s4,a4 ,su ,alteza1 ,his ,highness4 ,s4,a4,a4 ,su afecto amigo1 ,your affectionate friend4 ,s4,m4 ,su ,magestad1 ,his ,majesty4 ,sr4 ,sor4 or ,sra4 ,seor or ,seora1 ,sir1 ,lord1 ,madam1 ,lady4 ,s4 ,sria4 or ,sra4 ,su ,seoria1 ,his ,lordship1 ,her ,ladyship4 ,s4,s4,s4 ,su seguro servidor1 ,your assured servant4 ,v4 ,vd4 ,vm4 or ,vmd4 ,usted1 ,your worship1 you4 ,,vv4 ,vs4 ,vms4 or ,ustedes1 ,your worships1 you4 ,vmds4 ,v4,e4 or ,v4 ,esca ,vueclelencia1 ,your ,excellency4 ,v4,m4 ,vuestra ,majestad1 ,your ,majesty4 ,v4,s4 ,usia1 7,vueseoria17 ,your ,lordship4 ,v4,s4,i4 ,usa ,ilustrsima1 ,your ,grace4 ,,part ,,ii4 ,a ,,vocabulary ,,of ,,words ,,necessary ,,to ,,be ,,known4 ,,the ,,numbers4--,,los ,,numeros4 ,,cardinal ,,numbers4--,nmeros ,cardinales4 ,one4 ,uno1 m4 ,una1 f4 ,two4 ,dos#af4 ,three4 ,tres4 ,four4 ,cuatro4 ,five4 ,cinco4 ,six4 ,seis4 ,seven4 ,siete4 ,eight4 ,ocho4 ,nine4 ,nueve4 ,ten4 ,,diez4 ,eleven4 ,once4 ,twelve4 ,doce4 ,thirteen4 ,trece4 ,fourteen4 ,catorce4 ,fifteen4 ,quince4 ,sixteen4 ,diez y seis4 ,seventeen4 ,diez y siete4 ,eighteen4 ,diez y ocho4 ,nineteen4 ,diez y nueve4 ,twenty4 ,,veinte4 ,twenty-one4 ,veintiuno4 ,twenty-two4 ,veintidos4 ,twenty-three4 ,veintitres4 ,twenty-four4 ,veinticuatro4 ,twenty-five4 ,veinticinco4 ,twenty-six4 ,veintiseis4 ,twenty-seven4 ,veintisiete4 ,twenty-eight4 ,veintiocho4 ,twenty-nine4 ,veintinueve4 ,thirty4 ,,treinta4 ,thirty-one4 ,treinta y uno4 ,thirty-two1 c4 ,treinta y dos4 ,forty4 ,,cuarenta4 ,fifty4 ,,cincuenta4 ,sixty4 ,,sesenta4 ,seventy4 ,,setenta4 ,eighty4 ,,ochenta4 ,ninety4 ,,noventa4 ,a or one hundred4 ,,ciento4 ,two hundred4 ,doscientos#ag4 ,three hundred4 ,trescientos4 ,four hundred4 ,cuatrocientos4 ,five hundred4 ,quinientos4 ,six hundred4 ,seiscientos4 ,seven hundred4 ,setecientos4 ,eight hundred4 ,ochocientos4 ,nine hundred4 ,novecientos4 ,a or one thousand4 ,,mil4 ,one thousand and one4 ,mil y uno4 ,one thousand and eleven4 ,mil y once4 ,one thousand one hundred and one4 ,mil1 ciento y uno4 ,one thousand five hundred4 ,mil y quinientos4 ,two thousand4 ,dos mil4 ,five hundred thousand4 ,quinientos mil4 ,a million4 ,,millon1 7cuento47 #af ,from dos1 7two17 up to ciento1 7hundred17 inclusively1 the numbers are plural1 and common to both genders2 as-- ,three men1 tres hombres4 ,four women1 cuatro mujeres4 #ag ,from doscientos to novecientos1 inclusively1 the termination os is changed into as for the feminine2 as-- ,three hundred miles4 ,trescientas millas4 ,two numbers coming together in an inverted order in ,english1 are translated by placing the highest in the first place2 thus1 ,three and twenty4 ,veinte y tres4 ,eleven hundred1 fifteen hundred1 and the like expressions1 are always translated1 one thousand one hundred1 one thousand five hundred1 c42 thus1 mil y ciento1 mil y quinientos1 and not once cientos1 c4 ,the words o'clock are omitted in reference to the hours of the day1 which are expressed by the cardinal numbers1 preceded by the article las or la with reference to una1 one2 as1 ,what time is it8 ,que hora es8 ,it is one o'clock4 ,es la una4 ,it is two o'clock4 ,son las dos4 ,,ordinal ,,numbers4--,nmeros ,ordinales4 ,singular4 ,plural4 ,the first4 ,el primero4 ,los primeros4 ,el primer4#ah ,the second4 ,el segundo4 ,los segundos4 ,the third4 ,el tercero4 ,los terceros4 ,el tercer4 ,the fourth4 ,el cuarto4 ,los cuartos4 ,the fifth4 ,el quinto4 ,los quintos4 ,the sixth4 ,el sexto4 ,los sextos4 ,the seventh4 ,el sptimo4 ,los sptimos4 ,the eighth4 ,el octavo4 ,los octavos4 ,the ninth4 ,el nono4 ,los nonos4 ,el noveno4 ,los novenos4 ,the tenth4 ,el dcimo4 ,los dcimos4 ,the eleventh4 ,el undcimo4 ,los undcimos4 ,the twentieth4 ,el vigsimo4 ,los vigsimos4 ,the thirtieth4 ,el trigsimo4 ,los trigsimos4 #ah ,primero and tercero lose the o before a noun4 ,ex4--,el primer tomo el tercer tomo4 ,ordinal numbers change o into a for the feminine1 and admit the same variation of numbers as the adjectives4 ,the cardinal numbers are used instead of the ordinal in speaking of the days of the month1 excepting the first2 as1 ,the fourth of ,july4 ,el cuatro de ,julio4 ,the first of ,may4 ,el primero de ,mayo4 ,what day of the month is it8 ,que dia del mes tenemos8 ,que dia es hoy8 7,it is7 the first4 ,el primero4 7,it is7 the second4 ,el dos4 7,it is7 the third4 ,el tres4 ,what day of the month is this8 ,a cuantos estamos8 7,it is7 the eleventh4 ,a once4 ,obs4 ,except the first day of the month1 all the other days are expressed by a cardinal number preceded by the article4 ,,tabla ,,de ,,la ,,moneda ,,corriente ,,en ,,espa,a1 ,y ,,las ,,republicas ,,de ,,america4 ,,cobre4 #b maravedses valen #a ochavo4 #b ochavos 8 #a cuarto4 #h cuartos 8 #a real de vellon4 #d reales de vellon 8 #a peseta4 #e pesetas 8 #a peso1 or duro4 #d pesetas columnarias 8 #a 8 8 ,,plata4 vale #a duro1 peso fuerte1 peso1 escudo de plata1 a silver dollar #a4jj #a medio duro1 escudo de vellon1 half a dollar #ej #a peseta columnaria1 quarter of a dollar #be #a real de plata ,americano1 ,new ,york shilling #ab #a medio real1 medio1 ,new ,york sixpence #f ,valor ,valor nominal4 real4 #a peseta provincial ,sevillana1 pistareen #bj cents4 #af cents4 #b reales de vellon1 half pistareen #aj 8 #h 8 #a real de vellon1 #cd maravedses1 quarter pistareen #e 8 #d 8 ,valor ,valor ,,oro4 nominal4 real4 #a onza onza de oro1 a doubloon #af4jj #ae4ef onza1 7cuatro escudos17 half of a doubloon #h4jj #g4gf un doblon de dos1 a quarter of a doubloon #d4jj #c4hh un dobloncito1 un escudo1 an eighth of a doubloon #b4jj #a4id #a_/af un escudito1 un durillo1 veinten1 a sixteenth of a doubloon #a4jj 4#ig ,,of ,,heaven ,,and ,,the ,,elements4--,del ,cielo y de los ,elementos4 ,n4,b4--,a word within a parenthesis followed by an ,m1 in the following ,vocabulary and ,dialogues1 indicates that it is the one used in the ,mexican ,states4 ,god1 ,dios4 ,jesus ,christ1 ,jesucristo4 ,the ,holy ,ghost1 ,el ,espritu ,santo4 ,the angel1 el ngel4 ,the paradise1 el paraso4 ,the world1 el mundo4 ,the fire1 el fuego4 ,the air1 el aire4 ,the earth1 la tierra4 ,the sea1 el mar4 ,the sun1 el sol4 ,the moon1 la luna4 ,the stars1 las estrellas4 ,the rays1 los rayos4 ,the clouds1 las nubes4 ,the wind1 el viento4 ,the rain1 la lluvia4 ,the thunder1 el trueno4 ,the lightning1 el relmpago4 ,the hail1 el granizo4 ,the thunderbolt1 el rayo1 or la centella4 ,the snow1 la nieve4 ,the frost1 la helada4 ,the ice1 el hilo4 ,the white frost1 la escarcha4 ,the dew1 el roco4 ,the fog1 la nibla4 ,a deluge1 un diluvio4 ,the heat1 el calor4 ,the cold1 el fro4 ,,of ,,the ,,weather ,,and ,,seasons4--,del tiempo y de las estaciones4 ,the day1 el da4 ,the noon1 el medioda4 ,the night1 la noche4 ,midnight1 media noche4 ,the morning1 la maana4 ,the afternoon1 ,the evening1 la tarde4 ,hour1 hora4 ,quarter of an hour1 cuarto de hora4 ,half an hour1 media hora4 ,three quarters of an hour1 tres cuartos de hora4 ,to-day1 hoy4 ,yesterday1 ayer4 ,the day before yesterday1 ntes de ayer4 ,the day after to-morrow1 pasado maana4 ,this evening1 esta tarde4 ,this morning1 esta maana4 ,after dinner1 despues de comer4 ,after supper1 despues de cenar4 ,a week1 una semna4 ,a month1 un mes4 ,a year1 un ao4 ,a moment1 un momento4 ,the spring1 la primavera4 ,the summer1 el verano or esto4 ,autumn1 el otoo4 ,the winter1 el invierno4 ,a holiday1 da de fiesta4 ,a working-day1 da de trabajo4 ,the sun-rising1 la salida del sol4 ,the sun-setting1 el ponerse del sol4 ,the dawn1 la aurora4 ,,the ,,days ,,of ,,the ,,week4--,los das de la semna4 ,monday1 ,lnes4 ,tuesday1 ,mrtes4 ,wednesday1 ,mircoles4 ,thursday1 ,juves4 ,friday1 ,virnes4 ,saturday1 ,sbado4 ,sunday1 ,domingo4 ,,the ,,months4--,los meses4 ,january1 ,enero4 ,february1 ,febrero4 ,march1 ,marzo4 ,april1 ,abril4 ,may1 ,mayo4 ,june1 ,junio4 ,july1 ,jlio4 ,august1 ,agosto4 ,september1 ,setiembre4 ,october1 ,octubre4 ,november1 ,noviembre4 ,december1 ,diciembre4 ,,the ,,holidays ,,of ,,the ,,year4--,dias de fiesta del ao4 ,new ,year's ,day1 el dia de ,ao ,nuevo4 ,lent1 la ,cuaresma4 ,the ,ember-weeks1 las ,cuatro tmporas4 ,palm ,sunday1 ,domingo de ,ramos4 ,good ,friday1 ,virnes ,santo4 ,easter-day1 ,pascua de ,resurreccion4 ,twelfth day1 ,dia de ,reyes4 ,whitsunday1 ,pascua del ,espritu ,santo4 ,all ,souls'-day1 ,dia de ,difuntos1 7muertos1 ,m47 ,christmas1 ,pascua de navidd4 ,la ,noche ,buena4 ,the ,eve1 la ,vigilia4 ,the ,harvest1 la cosecha de ,granos4 ,,ecclesiastical ,,dignities4--,dignidades ecclesiasticas4 ,the pope1 el papa4 ,a cardinal1 un cardenal4 ,an archbishop1 un arzobispo4 ,a bishop1 un obispo4 ,a nuncio1 un nuncio4 ,a prelate1 un prelado4 ,a rector1 un cura4 ,a canon1 un canonigo4 ,a priest1 un sacerdote4 ,a chaplain1 un capellan4 ,a vicar1 un vicario4 ,a vicar-general1 un vicaria general4 ,a dean1 un dean4 ,an almoner1 un limosnero4 ,a curate1 teniente de cura4 ,a preacher1 un predicador4 ,a grave-digger1 sepulturero4 ,a sexton1 un sacristan4 ,a musician1 un msico4 ,a beadle1 un pertiguero4 ,,names ,,of ,,things ,,most ,,usually ,,eaten4--,nombres de las cosas que se comen mas comunmente4 ,bread1 pan4 ,meat1 carne4 ,fish1 pez or pescado4 ,boiled meat1 el cocido4 ,roast meat1 el asado4 ,a mouthful of bread1 un bocado de pan4 ,a pie1 un pastel4 ,a soup1 una sopa4 ,a slice of bread1 una rebanoda de pan4 ,a broth1 un caldo4 ,a salad1 una ensalada4 ,a sauce1 una salsa4 ,a stew1 un estofado4 ,a ragout1 un guisado4 ,fruits1 las frutas4 ,cheese1 el queso4 ,,the ,,covering ,,of ,,the ,,table4--,el aparato de la mesa4 ,the table1 la mesa4 ,the tablecloth1 el mantel4 ,a chair1 una silla4 ,a knife1 un cuchillo4 ,a fork1 un tenedor4 ,a plate1 un plato4 ,a dish1 fuente1 platon4 ,a saltcellar1 un salero4 ,oil-cruet1 acetera4 ,vinegar-cruet1 vinagrera4 ,casters1 taller4 ,a sugar-dish1 azucarero4 ,a candle1 una vela4 ,a candlestick1 un candelero4 ,the snuffers1 las despabiladeras4 ,a chafingdish1 el braserito4 ,a basin1 palangana4 ,a glass1 copa4 ,a napkin1 una servilleta4 ,a flask1 un flasco4 ,a cup1 una jicara1 taza4 ,a saucer1 una salsera4 ,a towel1 una toalla4 ,a service1 un servicio4 ,water1 agua4 ,wine1 vino4 ,brandy1 aguardiente4 ,a decanter1 una botella de cristal4 ,a tumbler1 un vaso4 ,a jug1 un jarro4 ,a bottle1 una botella4 ,a gill1 una copa4 ,,what ,,is ,,eaten ,,at ,,table1 ,,boiled4--,loque se come en la mesa cocido4 ,beef1 la vaca4 ,mutton1 el carnero4 ,veal1 la ternera4 ,lamb1 el cordero4 ,a fowl1 una gallina4 ,a turkey1 un pavo1 7un guajolote1 ,m47 ,,other ,,dishes4--,otros platos4 ,a ragout1 un guisado4 ,a fricassee1 una fricas4 ,stewed meat1 estofado4 ,sweetbread1 lechecillas4 ,a tart1 una torta4 ,petty patties1 pastelillos4 ,ham1 jamon4 ,sausages1 salchichas4 ,a ,bologna sausage1 salchicha de ,boloa4 ,black pudding1 morcilla4 ,liver1 hgado4 ,a hash1 un picadillo4 ,beef's tongue1 lengua de vaca4 ,,what ,,is ,,roasted4--,loque es asdo4 ,pullets1 pollos4 ,pigeons1 pichnes4 ,woodcocks1 gallinetas4 ,partridges1 perdices4 ,thrushes1 tordos4 ,larks1 alondras4 ,quails1 codornces4 ,pheasants1 faisanes4 ,a turkey-cock1 un pavo1 7un guajolote1 ,m47 ,a goose1 un ganso4 ,a gosling1 un gansaron1 or pollo de ganso4 ,a duck1 un pato4 ,a hare1 una liebre4 ,a rabbit1 un conejo4 ,a hog1 un cerdo4 ,a roasting-pig1 lechoncillo4 ,a wild-boar1 un jabal4 ,a stag1 un ciervo4 ,a leg of mutton1 pierna a carnero4 ,a loin of veal1 tomo de ternera4 ,a shoulder of mutton1 brazuelo de carnero4 ,game1 caza4 ,,to ,,season ,,meat ,,with4--,para sazonar la carne4 ,salt1 sal4 ,pepper1 pimienta4 ,oil1 aceite4 ,vinegar1 vinagre4 ,verjuice1 agraz4 ,mustard1 mostaza4 ,cloves1 clavos4 ,cinnamon1 canela4 ,capers1 alcaparras4 ,laurel1 laurel4 ,chervil1 perifollo4 ,pimento1 chile1 7,m47 ,mushrooms1 setas4 ,onions1 cebollas4 ,garlic1 ajos4 ,bacon1 tocino4 ,oranges1 naranjas4 ,lemons1 limones4 ,parsley1 perexil4 ,young onions1 cebolletas4 ,eggs1 huevos4 ,,for ,a ,,salad4--,para una ensalada4 ,endives1 endibias4 ,lettuce1 lechuga4 ,succory1 achicoria4 ,celery1 apio4 ,chervil1 perifollo4 ,roman lettuce1 lechuga ,romana4 ,cresses1 berros4 ,,for ,,fast ,,days4--,para los dias de ayuno4 ,butter1 manteca4 ,milk1 leche4 ,eggs in the shell1 huevos cocidos4 ,poached eggs1 huevos estrellados4 ,an omelet1 tortilla de huevos4 ,crawfish1 cangrejo de agua dulce4 ,a pike1 un lucio4 ,a carp1 una carpa4 ,a trout1 una trucha4 ,a sole1 lenguado4 ,an eel1 anguila4 ,a tench1 tenca4 ,a sturgeon1 esturion4 ,a herring1 arenque4 ,oysters1 ostras4 ,salmon1 salmon4 ,codfish1 abadejo1 bacalao1 merluza4 ,a mackerel1 caballa1 escombro1 halacha4 ,a lobster1 langosta4 ,peas1 guisantes4 ,beans1 habas4 ,kidney-beans1 frijoles4 ,spinach1 espinacas4 ,artichokes1 alcachofas4 ,asparagus1 esparragos4 ,cabbages1 berzas1 coles4 ,cauliflowers1 coliflores4 ,vegetables1 verduras4 ,fennel1 hinojo4 ,,for ,,the ,,dessert4--,para los postres4 ,apples1 manzanas4 ,pears1 peras4 ,peaches1 duraznos4 ,mellow peaches1 melocotones1 7priscos47 ,apricots1 albaricoques4 ,cherries1 cerezas4 ,figs1 higos4 ,plums1 ciruelas4 ,raspberries1 frambuesas4 ,grapes1 uvas4 ,fritters1 buuelos4 ,a tart1 torta4 ,sugarplums1 confites4 ,sweetmeats1 dulces1 conservas4 ,nuts1 nueces4 ,filberts1 avellanas4 ,chestnuts1 castaas4 ,almonds1 almendras4 ,medlars1 nisperos4 ,blackberries1 zarzamora4 ,quinces1 membrillos4 ,pomegranates1 granadas4 ,oranges1 naranjas4 ,olives1 aceitunas4 ,mulberries1 moras4 ,currants1 grosellas4 ,,degrees ,,of ,,kindred4--,grados de parentesco4 ,the father1 el padre4 ,the mother1 la madre4 ,the grandfather1 el abuelo4 ,the grandmother1 la abuela4 ,the great-grandfather1 el bisabuelo4 ,the great-grandmother1 la bisabuela4 ,the son1 el hijo4 ,the daughter1 la hija4 ,the grandson1 el nieto4 ,the granddaughter1 la nieta4 ,the brother1 el hermano4 ,the sister1 la hermana4 ,the eldest son1 el primognito4 ,the second son1 el hijo segundo4 ,the uncle1 el tio4 ,the aunt1 la tia4 ,the nephew1 el sobrino4 ,the niece1 la sobrina4 ,the nephew's son1 el hijo del sobrino4 ,the niece's daughter1 la hija de la sobrina4 ,the cousin1 el primo4 ,the female cousin1 la prima4 ,the brother-in-law1 el hermano poltico1 or el cuado4 ,the sister-in-law1 la hermana poltica1 or la cuada4 ,the father-in-law1 el padre poltico1 or el suegro4 ,the mother-in-law1 la madre poltica1 or la suegra4 ,the son-in-law1 el hijo poltico1 or el yerno4 ,the daughter-in-law1 la hija poltica1 or la nuera4 ,the parents1 los padres1 7el padre y la madre47 ,the spouse1 el esposo1 m4 ,the spouse1 la esposa1 f4 ,a consort1 un consorte4 ,twin brothers1 mellizos1 7cutes1 ,m47 ,twin sisters1 mellizas1 7cutes1 ,m47 ,a godfather1 el padrino4 ,a godmother1 la madrina4 ,a godson1 el ahijado4 ,a goddaughter1 la ahijada4 ,a lying-in woman1 muger parida4 ,the nurse1 ama de criar1 criandera1 or 7chichigua71 ,m4 ,a midwife1 la partera4 ,a relation1 un pariente4 ,a female relation1 una parienta4 ,a friend1 un amigo4 ,a female friend1 una amiga4 ,an enemy1 un enemigo1 m4 ,an enemy1 una enemiga1 f4 ,a widower1 un viudo4 ,a widow1 una viuda4 ,an heir1 un heredero4 ,an heiress1 una heredera4 ,a pupil1 un pupilo1 m4 ,a pupil1 una pupila1 f4 ,a marriage1 un casamiento4 ,a wedding1 unas bodas4 ,a christening1 un bautismo4 ,compadre1 and comadre1 are names that the sponsor and the parents of the godson or daughter give each other4 ,,of ,,the ,,conditions ,,of ,,man ,,and ,,woman4--,de los estados del hombre y de la muger4 ,a man1 un hombre4 ,a woman1 una muger4 ,an aged man1 un viejo4 ,an aged woman1 una vieja4 ,an old man1 hombre anciano4 ,an old woman1 muger anciana4 ,a young man1 un jven4 ,a young girl1 una moza4 ,a spark1 dandy1 petimetre4 ,a lady1 una seora4 ,a husband1 el marido4 ,a wife1 la muger4 ,an infant1 un infante4 ,a boy1 un muchacho4 ,a girl1 una muchacha4 ,a maid1 una doncella4 ,a master1 el amo4 ,a mistress1 el ama4 ,a man-servant1 un criado4 ,a female servant1 una criada4 ,a citizen1 un ciudadano4 ,a countryman1 un paisano1 7un payo1 ,m47 ,a stranger1 un extrangero4 ,a rogue1 un bribon4 ,a sharper1 un estafador4 ,a cheat1 un engaador4 ,a thief1 un ladron4 ,a pickpocket1 un ratero4 ,,of ,,what ,,is ,,necessary ,,for ,,dressing ,,one',s ,,self4--,de lo que es menester para vestirse4 ,a suit of clothes1 un vestido4 ,a hat1 un sombrero4 ,a wig1 una peluca4 ,a cravat1 una corvata4 ,a coat1 casaca4 ,a close coat1 casaca la francesa4 ,pantaloons1 pantalones4 ,small-clothes1 los calzones4 ,stockings1 las medias4 ,silk stockings1 medias de seda4 ,under-stockings1 calcetas4 ,socks1 escarpines4 ,the shoes1 los zapatos4 ,the slippers1 las chinelas4 ,a shirt1 una camisa4 ,an under-waistcoat1 una almilla4 ,a vest1 un chaleco4 ,the sleeves1 las mangas4 ,the ruffles1 las vueltas4 ,a cap1 un gorro4 ,a nightgown1 una bata4 ,a fob1 el bolsillo4 ,the pocket1 la faltriquera4 ,,with ,,clothes ,,one ,,must ,,have4--,con los vestidos es menester tener4 ,ribbons1 cinta de seda4 ,lace1 encaje4 ,buttons1 botones4 ,button-holes1 ojales4 ,a pocket-handkerchief1 un pauelo1 7un pao1 or paite de polvos1 ,m47 ,fringe1 franja4 ,gloves1 guantes4 ,mittens1 mitones4 ,a watch1 reloj de faltriquera4 ,a muff1 un manguito4 ,buckles1 las hebillas4 ,garters1 ligas1 7ataderos1 ,m47 ,a ring1 anillo1 7cintillo1 ,m47 ,a comb1 peine4 ,,for ,,those ,,that ,,ride ,,on ,,horseback4--,para aquellos que andan caballo4 ,a sword1 la espada4 ,a girdle1 el cinto4 ,the pistols1 las pistolas4 ,the bridle1 el freno4 ,the saddle1 la silla4 ,the stirrups1 los estribos4 ,the whip1 el ltigo4 ,the boots1 las botas4 ,the spurs1 los espuelas4 ,the top of the boot1 la campana de la bota4 ,the rowel of the spur1 la estrella de la espuela4 ,the leg1 la pierna4 ,the heel1 el talon4 ,the sole1 la suela de la bota4 ,,for ,,the ,,ladies4--,para las ,seoras4 ,a cap1 el tocado4 ,a chemise1 una camisa4 ,an under-petticoat1 enaguas4 ,the stays1 la cotilla4 ,an upper-petticoat1 un guardapis4 ,a morning-gown1 ropa de levantar4 ,stockings1 medias4 ,garters1 ligas4 ,the slippers1 las chinelas4 ,an apron1 el delantal4 ,a comb1 un peine4 ,a combing-cloth1 el peinador4 ,the toilet1 el tocador4 ,a looking-glass1 el espejo4 ,powder1 polvos4 ,pomatum1 la pomada4 ,sweet-waters1 aguas de olor4 ,pins1 los alfileres4 ,a pincushion1 el acerico4 ,scissors1 tijeras4 ,a head-dress1 una cofia4 ,a cloak1 un capotillo4 ,a mantilla1 una mantilla4 ,a pelisse1 un ropon de pieles4 ,a thimble1 el dedal4 ,a needle1 la aguja4 ,thread1 el hilo4 ,linen1 el lienzo4 ,a pocket looking-glass1 el espejo de faltriquera4 ,a gown1 una bata1 un camison1 7tnico1 ,m47 ,a necklace1 la gargantilla4 ,jewels1 joyas4 ,precious stones1 piedras preciosas4 ,a diamond1 un diamante4 ,an emerald1 una esmeralda4 ,a ruby1 un rub4 ,a pearl1 una perla4 ,silk stockings1 medias de seda4 ,cotton stockings1 medias de algodon4 ,shoes1 zapatos4 ,a bonnet1 un sombrerillo3 una gorra4 ,a hat1 un sombrero4 ,a veil1 un velo4 ,the curls1 los rizos4 ,a fan1 el abanico4 ,a tippet1 una palatina4 ,a muff1 un manguito4 ,gloves1 los guantes4 ,a smelling-bottle1 botellita de olor4 ,an umbrella1 el paraguas4 ,the curling-irons1 el encrespador4 ,a parasol1 el quita sol4 ,a watch1 un reloj de faltriquera4 ,a pocket-handkerchief1 un pauelo4 ,rings1 los anillos4 ,ear-rings1 los zarcillos1 7aretes1 ,m47 ,bracelets1 los brazaletes4 ,,of ,,the ,,parts ,,of ,,the ,,human ,,body4--,de las partes del cuerpo humano4 ,the head1 la cabeza4 ,the face1 la cara4 ,the forehead1 la frente4 ,the eyes1 los ojos4 ,the eyebrows1 las cejas4 ,the eyelids1 los prpados4 ,the eyeball1 la nia del ojo4 ,the ears1 las orejas4 ,the hair1 el pelo4 ,the temples1 las sienes4 ,the hollow of the ear1 el hueco de la oreja4 ,the drum of the ear1 el tmpano del odo4 ,the eyelashes1 las pestaas4 ,the cheeks1 las mejillas4 ,the nose1 la nariz4 ,the nostrils1 las ventanas de la nariz4 ,the mouth1 la boca4 ,the tongue1 la lengua4 ,the teeth1 los dientes4 ,the gums1 las encas4 ,the eyeteeth1 los colmillos4 ,the grinders1 las muelas4 ,the lips1 los labios4 ,the nails1 las uas4 ,the belly1 la barriga4 ,the stomach1 el estomago4 ,the ribs1 las costillas4 ,the navel1 el ombligo4 ,the groins1 las ingles4 ,the thighs1 los muslos4 ,the knees1 las rodillas4 ,the legs1 las piernas4 ,the calf of the leg1 la pantorrilla4 ,the ankle-bone1 hueso del tobillo4 ,the instep1 la garganta del pi4 ,the foot1 el pi4 ,the heel1 el talon4 ,the sole of the foot1 la planta del pi4 ,the mien1 el semblante4 ,the complexion1 la complexion4 ,the air1 el aire4 ,the demeanor1 el porte4 ,the fatness1 la gordura4 ,the leanness1 la magrura4 ,the palate1 el paladar4 ,the whiskers1 las patillas4 ,the chin1 la barba4 ,the beard1 las barbas4 ,the neck1 el cuello4 ,the throat1 la garganta4 ,the bosom1 el seno4 ,the breast1 el pecho4 ,the stomach1 el estomago4 ,the shoulders1 los hombros4 ,the arms1 los brazos4 ,the elbow1 el codo4 ,the wrist1 la mueca4 ,the hands1 las manos4 ,the thumb1 el pulgar4 ,the forefinger1 el dedo ndice4 ,the middle finger1 el dedo del corazon4 ,the fourth finger1 el dedo anular4 ,the little finger1 el dedo meique4 ,the brawn of the fingers1 la yema de los dedos4 ,the sides1 los costados4 ,the stature1 la estatura4 ,the gait1 the step1 el paso4 ,the gesture1 el gesto4 ,the brain1 el celebro4 ,the blood1 la sangre4 ,the veins1 las venas4 ,the arteries1 las arterias4 ,the nerves1 los nervios4 ,the muscles1 los msculos4 ,the skin1 el ctis4 ,the heart1 el corazon4 ,the liver1 el hgado4 ,the lungs1 los pulmones4 ,the bladder1 la vejiga4 ,the gall1 la hiel4 ,the spittle1 la saliva4 ,the sweat1 el sudor4 ,the rheum1 el resfriado4 ,a cough1 la toz4 ,the breath1 la respiracion4 ,the voice1 la voz4 ,the speech1 la palabra4 ,a sigh1 un suspiro4 ,,the ,,five ,,senses4--,los cinco sentidos4 ,the sight1 la vista4 ,the hearing1 el oido4 ,the smell1 el olfato4 ,the taste1 el gusto4 ,the feeling1 el tacto4 ,,of ,,ages4--,de las edades4 ,childhood1 la niez4 ,infancy1 infancia4 ,boyishness1 puericia4 ,adolescence1 adolescencia4 ,youth1 la juventud4 ,manhood1 la virilidad4 ,old age1 la senectud4 ,old age1 la vejez4 ,,qualities ,,of ,,the ,,body4--,calidades del cuerpo4 ,health1 la salud4 ,strength1 la fuerza4 ,weakness1 la debilidad4 ,beauty1 la hermosura4 ,ugliness1 la fealdad4 ,good presence1 el garbo4 ,sprightliness1 el bro4 ,fine stature1 hermoso tallo4 ,,defects ,,of ,,the ,,human ,,body4--,defectos del cuerpo humano4 ,ugliness1 la fealdad4 ,wrinkles1 las arrugas4 ,freckles1 las pecas4 ,blear eyes1 las lagaas4 ,a wart1 una verruga4 ,a mole1 un lunar4 ,a pearl in the eye1 la nube en el ojo4 ,tickling1 las cosquillas4 ,cataract1 la catarata4 ,blindness1 la ceguedd4 ,blind1 el ciego4 ,one-eyed1 el tuerto4 ,dumb1 el mudo4 ,leanness1 la flacura4 ,lame1 el cojo4 ,lameness1 la cojera4 ,the stammerer1 el tartamudo4 ,crookedness1 la corcova4 ,bald1 el calvo4 ,flat-nosed1 el romo4 ,crippled1 el estropeado4 ,lame of the limbs1 el tullido4 ,squinting1 el bizco4 ,lame of a hand1 el manco4 ,deaf1 el sordo4 ,left-handed1 el zurdo4 ,,for ,,studying4--,para estudiar4 ,a book1 un libro4 ,the paper1 el papel4 ,a leaf1 un pliego de papel4 ,a page1 una pgina4 ,the cover of a book1 la cubierta del libro4 ,a pen1 una pluma4 ,the ink1 la tinta4 ,the inkstand1 el tintero4 ,a penknife1 el cortaplumas4 ,the sealing-wax1 el lacre4 ,a seal1 el sello4 ,a letter1 una carta4 ,a note1 una esquela4 ,the writing1 la escritura4 ,the pocketbook1 librito de memorias4 ,parchment1 pergamino4 ,the pencil1 el lpiz4 ,a lesson1 una leccion4 ,a translation1 una traduccion4 ,a writing-desk1 una escribana4 ,,instruments ,,of ,,music4--,instrumentos de msica4 ,a violin1 un violin4 ,a bass-viol1 violon4 ,a flute1 una flauta4 ,a flageolet1 un caramillo4 ,a bagpipe1 una gaita4 ,a hautboy1 un oboe4 ,a guitar1 una guitarra4 ,a piano1 un piano4 ,a harpsichord1 un clavicordio4 ,a lute1 laud4 ,a harp1 una harpa4 ,an organ1 un rgano4 ,a trumpet1 una trompeta4 ,a drum1 un tambor4 ,,of ,,the ,,parts ,,of ,a ,,house4--,de las partes de una casa4 ,the house1 la casa4 ,the door1 la puerta4 ,the drawing-room1 la sala4 ,the staircase1 la escalera4 ,the stairs1 los escalones4 ,the chamber1 la cmara4 ,the antechamber1 la antecmara4 ,the study1 el estudio4 ,the windows1 las ventanas4 ,the glasses1 los vidrios4 ,the kitchen1 la cocina4 ,the yard1 el patio4 ,the well1 el pozo4 ,the stable1 la caballeriza4 ,the cellar1 la bodega4 ,the garden1 el huerto4 ,the gate1 el porton4 ,the fountain1 la fuente4 ,the pantry1 la dispensa4 ,the first story1 el primer alto4 ,the second story1 el segundo alto4 ,the garret1 el zaquizam4 ,the terrace1 la azotea4 ,the roof1 el tejado4 ,the tiles1 las tejas4 ,the gutters1 las goteras4 ,the chimney1 la chimena4 ,the bricks1 los ladrillos4 ,the floor1 el suelo4 ,the coach-house1 la cochera4 ,the oven1 el horno4 ,the beams1 las vigas4 ,the joists1 las viguetas4 ,the planks1 los tablones4 ,the sign1 la seal1 or la tablilla4 ,the plastering1 el yeso4 ,the lime1 la cal4 ,the marble1 el marmol4 ,the stones1 las piedras4 ,the pigeon-house1 el palomar4 ,the hen-house1 el gallinero4 ,the poultry-yard1 corral de aves4 ,the hogsty1 la zahurda4 ,the walls1 las paredes4 ,the house-rent1 el alquiler de casa4 ,,the ,,furniture ,,of ,a ,,house4--,muebles de una casa4 ,the hangings1 la tapicera4 ,the looking-glass1 el espejo4 ,the bed1 la cama4 ,the sheets1 las sbanas4 ,the mattress1 el colchon4 ,the feather-bed1 colchon de plumas1 or el plumon4 ,the bolster1 la almohada4 ,the pillows1 las almohadas4 ,the tester of the bed1 el cielo de la cama4 ,the curtains1 las cortinas4 ,the counterpane1 la colcha4 ,the head-curtains1 las cortinitas4 ,the curtain-rods1 las varillas4 ,the warming-pan1 calentador de cama4 ,the pictures1 las pinturas4 ,the frame1 el cuadro4 ,the chairs1 las sillas4 ,an arm-chair1 silla de brazos4 ,the table1 la mesa4 ,the carpet1 la alfombra4 ,a cupboard1 bufete4 ,a screen1 el bimbo4 ,a box1 una caja4 ,a trunk1 un cofre1 or baul4 ,a little trunk1 cofrecito4 ,embroidery1 el bordado4 ,the painting1 la pintura4 ,the gilding1 el dorado4 ,the carving1 la escultura4 ,a figure1 una figura4 ,a pedestal1 una pedestal4 ,a vessel1 una vasja4 ,a cage1 una jaula4 ,a bird1 un pjaro4 ,a portrait1 un retrato4 ,,what ,,is ,,found ,,about ,,the ,,chimney4--,lo que se halla cerca de la chimenea4 ,the chinaware1 la porcelana4 ,an urn1 una vasija4 ,a vase1 un vaso4 ,the fire1 la candela1 el fuego1 la lumbre4 ,coal1 carbon de piedra4 ,charcoal1 carbon4 ,the ashes1 las cenzas4 ,the hearth1 el hogar4 ,a firebrand1 un tizon4 ,a pair of bellows1 los fuelles4 ,the fender1 el guarda fuego4 ,a standing screen1 el biombo4 ,the shovel1 el badil4 ,the tongs1 las tenazas4 ,the poker1 el atizador4 ,a hand-screen1 el biombito4 ,the flame1 la llama4 ,the smoke1 el humo4 ,the soot1 el hollin4 ,the matches1 las pajuelas4 ,the steel1 el eslabon4 ,the flint1 el pedernal1 7la piedra1 ,m47 ,the tinder1 la yesca4 ,,what ,,is ,,found ,,in ,,the ,,kitchen4--,lo que se halla en la cocina4 ,the spit1 el asador4 ,the jack1 el torno del asador4 ,a kettle1 una caldera1 7un cazo1 ,m47 ,a frying-pan1 la sarten4 ,a trivet1 el or la trpode4 ,a gridiron1 las parrillas4 ,a pitcher1 un cntaro4 ,a pail1 un cubo4 ,a rope1 una cuerda4 ,a pulley1 una polea4 ,an earthen pan1 una cazuela4 ,a great pot1 una marmita4 ,a pot1 una olla4 ,a spoon1 una cuchara4 ,a ladle1 un cucharon4 ,a chafingdish1 el escalfador4 ,a hook1 un garabato4 ,the pot-hanger1 las llres4 ,a grater1 el rallo4 ,a pudding-pan1 la tortera4 ,a mortar1 el mortero1 or almirez4 ,a pestle1 la mano del mortero4 ,the sink1 el sumidero4 ,a broom1 la escoba4 ,a rag1 un trapo4 ,a dishclout1 una rodilla4 ,a saucepan1 la cacerola4 ,a little pan1 un cacito4 ,a skimmer1 la espumadera4 ,a strainer1 la coladera4 ,an oil-pot1 la alcuza4 ,a vial1 una redoma4 ,a tub1 un barreo1 una cuba4 ,ley1 or lie1 la lejia4 ,soap1 el jabon4 ,a coarse cloth1 un trapo4 ,the flour1 la harina4 ,the bran1 el salvado4 ,a tray1 la artesa4 ,a tablecloth1 los manteles4 ,napkin1 la servilleta4 ,a basin1 la jofayna1 7palangana1 ,m47 ,a towel1 la toalla4 ,plate1 el plato4 ,knife1 el cuchillo4 ,washstand1 7aguamanil1 ,m47 ,fork1 el tenedor4 ,saltcellar1 el salero4 ,a porringer1 la escudilla4 ,dishes1 los platos4 ,spoon1 la cuchara4 ,a chopping-block1 el tajo4 ,a mug1 el jarro4 ,a cup1 una taza4 ,a basin1 una palangana4 ,the peel of the oven1 la pala del horno4 ,some wood1 lea4 ,,what ,,we ,,find ,,in ,,the ,,cellar4--,lo que hallamos en la bodega4 ,a butt1 una bota4 ,a barrel1 un barril4 ,a stand for a butt1 el sitio de la bota4 ,a funnel1 el embudo4 ,some hoops1 algunos aros4 ,the dregs1 la hez4 ,wine1 el vino4 ,old wine1 vino aejo4 ,new wine1 vino nuevo4 ,red wine1 vino tinto4 ,white wine1 vino blanco4 ,claret1 vino clarete4 ,sour wine1 vino agrio4 ,sweet wine1 vino dulce4 ,beer1 cerveza4 ,small-beer1 cerveza floja4 ,cider1 sidra4 ,vinegar1 vinagre4 ,a hammer1 el martillo4 ,a lantern1 la linterna4 ,to tap a barrel1 decentar un baril4 ,to draw wine1 sacar vino4 ,,the ,,servants ,,of ,a ,,house4--,los criados de una casa4 ,the steward1 el mayordomo4 ,an almoner1 el limosnero4 ,a chaplain1 el capellan4 ,the secretary1 el secretario4 ,the purveyor1 el despensero4 ,the chamberlain1 el camarero4 ,a page1 el page4 ,a footman1 el lacayo4 ,a coachman1 el cochero4 ,a groom1 el mozo de caballos4 ,the master of the horses1 el caballerizo4 ,the cupbearer1 el copero4 ,a butler1 el bodeguero4 ,a falconer1 el halconero4 ,the cook1 el cocinero4 ,a woman cook1 la cocinera4 ,the scullion1 el galopin4 ,the maid-servant1 la crida4 ,the chambermaid1 doncella de la seora1 7la recamarera1 ,m47 ,the waiting-woman1 doncella de cmara1 or la criada4 ,the carver1 el trinchante4 ,the gardener1 el jardinero4 ,the porter1 el portero4 ,the master of the house1 el amo de la casa4 ,the mistress1 el ama4 ,,what ,,is ,,found ,,about ,,the ,,door4--,lo que se halla cerca de la puerta4 ,the key1 la llave4 ,the lock1 la cerradura4 ,the latch1 el picaporte4 ,the bolt1 el cerrojo4 ,the bell1 la campanilla4 ,the knocker1 el aldabon4 ,the wards of a lock1 las guardas de la cerradura4 ,the bar1 la tranca4 ,the threshold1 el umbral4 ,the hinges1 los goznes4 ,,what ,,is ,,found ,,in ,,the ,,stable4--,lo que se halla en la caballeriza4 ,the hay1 el heno4 ,some oats1 la avena1 7cebada1 ,m47 ,some straw1 la paja4 ,a rack1 el enrejado4 ,a manger1 el pesebre4 ,the bran1 el salvado4 ,the comb1 el peine4 ,the currycomb1 la almohaza4 ,a sieve1 el tamiz4 ,a bridle1 el freno4 ,a saddle1 la silla4 ,the breastplate1 el pretal4 ,the girths1 las cinchas4 ,the fetlocks1 las cernejas4 ,some nails1 algunos clavos4 ,the saddle-bow1 el arzon4 ,a halter1 el cabestro4 ,the groom1 el establero4 ,the horses1 los caballos4 ,a cart1 un carro4 ,,what ,,is ,,found ,,in ,,the ,,garden2 ,,flowers1 ,,trees c4 ,lo que se halla en el jardn2 flores1 rboles1 a4 ,a row of trees1 hilera de rboles4 ,an arbor1 el emparrado4 ,a rose1 una rosa4 ,a jessamine1 un jazmin4 ,pinks1 claveles4 ,tulips1 tulipanes4 ,lilies1 lrios4 ,violets1 violetas4 ,gilliflowers1 alheles4 ,jonquils1 junquillos4 ,poppies1 amapolas4 ,an apple-tree1 manzano4 ,an orange-tree1 naranjo4 ,the gooseberry-bush1 el espino4 ,a rose-bush1 el rosal4 ,the vine1 la vid4 ,the ivy1 la yedra4 ,a branch1 un ramo4 ,an almond-tree1 el almendro4 ,an alley1 calle de rboles4 ,a little wood1 un bosquecito4 ,the shade1 la sombra4 ,the cool1 el fresco4 ,a pear-tree1 un peral4 ,a cherry-tree1 un cerezo4 ,a plum-tree1 un ciruelo4 ,an apricot-tree1 un albaricoque4 ,a mulberry-tree1 un moral4 ,a peach-tree1 un alberchigo4 ,a fig-tree1 una higuera4 ,an olive-tree1 un olivo4 ,the box-tree1 el box4 ,a laurel-tree1 el laurel4 ,a fir-tree1 el abeto4 ,an oak1 el roble4 ,the elm1 el olmo4 ,the beech-tree1 la haya4 ,the nursery1 el plantel4 ,the fountain1 la fuente4 ,the pond1 el estanque4 ,a bush1 un arbusto4 ,a myrtle-tree1 el mirto4 ,sweet marjoram1 la mejorana4 ,thyme1 el tomillo4 ,verdure1 la verdura4 ,a nosegay1 un ramillete4 ,,temporal ,,dignities4--,dignidades temporales4 ,the chancellor1 el chanciller4 ,the keeper of the seals1 el guarda sellos4 ,the secretary of state1 el secretario de estado4 ,the surveyor1 el superintendente4 ,the treasurer1 el tesorero4 ,the president1 el presidente4 ,the counsellor1 el consejero4 ,the judge1 el juez4 ,the consul1 el cnsul4 ,the auditor1 el contador mayor4 ,the alderman1 el regidor4 ,the civil magistrate1 el magistrado civil4 ,the mayor1 el corregidor4 ,the justice of the ward1 el alcalde de barrio4 ,the advocate1 el abogado4 ,the attorney-general1 el procurador general4 ,an attorney1 un procurador4 ,a deputy1 un diputado4 ,a notary1 un escribano4 ,a secretary1 un secretario4 ,a solicitor1 un agente4 ,a clerk1 un escribiente4 ,a writer1 un escritor4 ,the doorkeeper1 el portero4 ,the constable1 el alguacil4 ,a jailer1 el carcelero4 ,a prisoner1 un preso4 ,a bumbailiff1 el corchete4 ,,officers ,,of ,,war4--,oficiales de guerra4 ,the general1 el general4 ,the admiral1 el almirante4 ,the lieutenant-general1 el teniente general4 ,a field-marshal1 el mariscal de campo4 ,a brigadier1 el brigadier4 ,the colonel1 el coronel4 ,the major1 el sargento mayor4 ,the adjutant1 el ayudante mayor4 ,the captain1 el capitan4 ,the lieutenant1 el teniente4 ,the cornet1 el corneta4 ,the ensign1 el alfrez4 ,the sergeant1 el sargento4 ,the corporal1 el cabo de escuadra4 ,a quartermaster1 el cuartel maestre4 ,a commissary1 el comisario4 ,a harbinger1 el aposentador4 ,a horseman1 soldado de caballo4 ,the infantry1 la infanteria4 ,a dragoon1 un dragon4 ,a musketeer1 un mosquetero4 ,a trumpeter1 el trompetero4 ,a drummer1 un tambor4 ,the fifer1 el pfano4 ,the sentinel1 la centinela4 ,the round1 la ronda4 ,the patrole1 la patrulla4 ,a spy1 una espia4 ,a pioneer1 un gastador4 ,a cannonier1 el artillero4 ,a miner1 un minador4 ,a volunteer1 un voluntario4 ,the volunteers1 los voluntarios4 ,,of ,,the ,,army4--,del ejrcito4 ,a land army1 un ejrcito4 ,a fleet1 una armada4 ,the main body1 el cuerpo del ejrcito4 ,the vanguard1 la vanguardia4 ,the rearguard1 la retaguardia4 ,the body of reserve1 el cuerpo de reserva4 ,a flying camp1 el campo volante4 ,the horse1 la caballeria4 ,the foot1 la infanteria4 ,a squadron1 un esquadron4 ,a batalion1 un batallon4 ,the first rank1 la primera fila4 ,the second rank1 la segunda fila4 ,the baggage1 el bagage4 ,the artillery1 la artilleria4 ,the tents1 las tiendas4 ,the pavilion1 el pabellon4 ,a regiment1 un regimiento4 ,a company1 una compaia4 ,a garrison1 la guarnicion4 ,,of ,,the ,,fortifications4--,de las fortificaciones4 ,a city1 una ciudad4 ,the citadel1 una ciudadela4 ,a fort1 un fuerte4 ,a fortress1 una fortaleza4 ,a castle1 un castillo4 ,the walls1 las murallas4 ,the ditch1 el foso4 ,a palisade1 la palizada4 ,the curtain1 la cortina4 ,the half moon1 la media luna4 ,the covered way1 camino cubierto4 ,a redoubt1 un reducto4 ,the trenches1 las trincheras4 ,a mine1 una mina4 ,a counter-mine1 una contra mina4 ,a tower1 una torre4 ,a parapet1 el parapeto4 ,a bastion1 un bastion4 ,provisions1 los vveres4 ,ammunition1 las municiones4 ,a siege1 el sitio4 ,the capitulations1 las capitulaciones4 ,succors1 un socorro4 ,a sally1 una salida4 ,a storm1 un asalto4 ,,professions ,,and ,,trades4--,de las profesiones y oficios4 ,a physician1 un mdico4 ,a surgeon1 un cirujano4 ,an apothecary1 un boticario4 ,an engraver1 un grabador4 ,a goldsmith1 un platero4 ,a watchmaker1 un relojero4 ,a merchant1 un mercader4 ,a mercer1 mercader de sedas4 ,a haberdasher1 tendero de cintas4 ,an embroiderer1 un bordador4 ,an upholsterer1 un tapicero4 ,a pawnbroker1 un prendero4 ,a pastrycook1 un pastelero4 ,a butcher1 un carnicero4 ,an innkeeper1 un mesonero4 ,a hatter1 un sombrerero4 ,a tailor1 un sastre4 ,a shoemaker1 un zapatero4 ,a printer1 un impresor4 ,a bookseller1 un librero4 ,grocer1 un tendero1 especiero4 ,a baker1 un panadero4 ,a cobler1 un remendon4 ,a sadler1 un sillero4 ,a barber1 un barbero4 ,a joiner1 un ensamblador1 carpintero de obra prima4 ,a carpenter1 un carpintero4 ,a mason1 un albail4 ,a locksmith1 un cerragero4 ,a blacksmith1 un herrero4 ,a miller1 un molinero4 ,a glover1 un guantero4 ,a washerwoman1 una lavandera4 ,a glazier1 un vidriero4 ,a farrier1 un herrador4 ,a player1 un comediante4 ,a musician1 un msico4 ,a painter1 un pintor4 ,a wine-merchant1 mercader de vino4 ,a sword cutler1 un espadero4 ,a bookbinder1 un encuadernador4 ,a milliner1 una modista4 ,a mantuamaker1 una batera4 ,an interpreter1 un interprete4 ,a master1 un maestro4 ,qualities1 ,defects1 and ,imperfections of a ,man4 ,calidades1 defectos1 imperfeciones de un hombre4 ,a one-eyed man1 un tuerto4 ,a blind man1 un ciego4 ,a cripple1 un estropeado4 ,a cripple1 7one who limps17 un cojo4 ,squinteyed1 bizco1 or bisojo4 ,a hunchbacked man1 un jorobado4 ,a left-handed man1 un zurdo4 ,a one-handed man1 un manco4 ,a deaf man1 un sordo4 ,a dumb man1 un mudo4 ,a stammerer1 un tartamudo4 ,a bald man1 un calvo4 ,a dwarf1 un enano4 ,a thief1 un ladron4 ,a rascal1 un bribon1 belitre4 ,a pickpocket1 un ratero4 ,a rogue1 un pcaro4 ,a magician1 un mgico4 ,a sorcerer1 un hechicero4 ,a witch1 una bruja4 ,a wicked fellow1 un malvado4 ,a poor fellow1 un pobrete4 ,,good ,,qualities ,,of ,a ,,man1 ,,and ,,the ,,diseases ,,to ,,which ,,he ,,is ,,subject4 ,buenas caliddes del hombre1 y las enfermeddes las cuales est expuesto4 ,a good-looking man1 hombre de buena presencia4 ,a bad-looking man1 hombre de mala catadura4 ,a rich man1 hombre rico4 ,a misfortune1 desgracia4 ,a person ill1 un enfermo4 ,an illness1 una enfermedd4 ,a fever1 una calentura4 ,a quotidian ague1 calentura cuotidiana4 ,a tertian ague1 las tercianas4 ,a quartan ague1 las cuartanas4 ,the cold fit1 el parasismo de frio4 ,a wound1 una herida4 ,a contusion1 una contusion4 ,the gout1 la gota4 ,the colic1 un dolor clico4 ,the smallpox1 las virulas4 ,the measles1 el sarampion4 ,the rheum1 la reuma4 ,the cough1 la toz4 ,a cold in the head1 una fluxion1 un catarro4 ,the hooping-cough1 toz convulsiva4 ,the itch1 la sarna4 ,the itching1 la comezon4 ,a tumor1 un tumor4 ,the corruption1 la corrupcion4 ,the stone1 la piedra4 ,the gravel1 las arenillas4 ,a bunch1 un bulto4 ,a scratch1 un arao4 ,a slap on the face1 una bofetada4 ,a cuff1 un puetazo4 ,a kick1 un puntapi4 ,a pistol-shot1 un tiro de pistola1 pistoletazo4 ,a thrust with a sword1 una estocada4 ,a fall1 una caida4 ,swooning1 el desmayo4 ,a cold sweat1 el sudor frio4 ,death1 la muerte4 ,,of ,,birds4--,de las aves4 ,an eagle1 una guila4 ,a bird1 una ave4 ,a little bird1 un pajarito4 ,a goldfinch1 un jilguero4 ,a linnet1 un pardillo4 ,a ,canary-bird1 un ,canario4 ,a nightingale1 el ruiseor4 ,a lark1 una alondra4 ,a green-bird1 un verderon4 ,a thrush1 un tordo4 ,a godwit1 un francolin4 ,a partridge1 una perdiz4 ,a redbreast1 un pitirojo4 ,a quail1 una codorniz4 ,a starling1 un estornino4 ,a chaffinch1 un pinzon4 ,a sparrow1 un gorrion4 ,a parrot1 un papagayo4 ,a blackbird1 un mirlo4 ,a magpie1 una urraca4 ,a jay1 un grajo4 ,a pigeon1 un pichon4 ,a dove1 una paloma4 ,a rook1 una corneja4 ,a wagtail1 el aguzanieve4 ,a plover1 el reyezuelo4 ,an ortolan1 un ortolano4 ,a swallow1 una golondrina4 ,a cuckoo1 un cuclillo4 ,,amphibious ,,creatures4--,animales anfibios4 ,a beaver1 un castor4 ,an otter1 una nutria4 ,a sea-horse1 un hipoptamo4 ,a tortoise1 una tortuga4 ,a land-tortoise1 un galpago4 ,a sea-calf1 una foca4 ,,of ,,four-,,footed ,,animals4--,de los cuadrpedos4 ,a dog1 un perro4 ,a little dog1 un perrito4 ,a cat1 un gato4 ,a civet-cat1 gato de algalia4 ,a rat1 una rata4 ,a mouse1 un raton4 ,an ape1 un mono4 ,a sheep1 una oveja4 ,a hog1 un puerco4 ,a sow1 una puerca4 ,a cow1 una vaca4 ,a fox1 una zorra4 ,a rabbit1 un conejo4 ,a wolf1 un lobo4 ,a bull1 un toro4 ,a mule1 un mulo4 ,a camel1 un camello4 ,a she-goat1 una cabra4 ,an elephant1 un elefante4 ,a lion1 un leon4 ,a leopard1 un leopardo4 ,a tiger1 un tigre4 ,a horse1 un caballo4 ,a mare1 una yegua4 ,an ox1 un buey4 ,an ass1 un burro4 ,,of ,,reptiles ,,and ,,insects4--,de los rptiles insectos4 ,a toad1 un sapo4 ,a frog1 una rana4 ,a lizard1 un lagarto4 ,a snail1 un caracol4 ,a beetle1 un escarabajo4 ,a scorpion1 un escorpion4 ,a spider1 una araa4 ,a serpent1 una serpiente4 ,a butterfly1 una mariposa4 ,a fly1 una mosca4 ,a gnat1 un mosquito4 ,a caterpillar1 una oruga4 ,a worm1 un gusano4 ,a louse1 un piojo4 ,a flea1 una pulga4 ,a bug1 una chinche4 ,a nit1 una liendre4 ,an ant1 una hormiga4 ,a crocodile1 una cocodrilo4 ,an asp1 un spia4 ,,what ,,is ,,seen ,,in ,,the ,,country4--,lo que se ve en el campo4 ,the road1 el camino4 ,the highway1 camino real4 ,a plain1 un llano4 ,a valley1 un valle4 ,a mountain1 una montaa4 ,a little hill1 una colina4 ,a wood1 un bosque4 ,a forest1 una selva4 ,a hedge1 un seto4 ,a bush1 un arbusto4 ,a tree1 un rbol4 ,a branch1 un ramo4 ,the corn1 el grano4 ,the wheat1 el trigo4 ,barley1 la cebada4 ,the oats1 la avena4 ,the vine1 la vid4 ,a garden1 un jardin4 ,an orchard1 un huerto4 ,an alley1 calle de rboles4 ,a castle1 un castillo4 ,a steeple1 un campanario4 ,a meadow1 una pradera4 ,a lake1 un lago4 ,a pond1 estanque de agua4 ,a rock1 una roca4 ,a ditch1 una zanja4 ,a rivulet1 un arroyo4 ,a river1 un rio4 ,a bridge1 un puente4 ,a bark1 un barco4 ,a marsh1 un pantano4 ,a slough1 un cenagal4 ,a village1 una alda4 ,a fortified town1 una plaza4 ,a hut1 una choza1 7jacal1 ,m47 ,,what ,,we ,,see ,,in ,a ,,city4--,lo que vmos en una ciudad4 ,the gates1 las puertas4 ,the church1 la iglesia4 ,a palace1 un palacio4 ,a house1 una casa4 ,an hospital1 un hospital4 ,the custom-house1 la aduana4 ,the exchange1 la lonja4 ,the place of arms1 plaza de armas4 ,the town-house1 casa de ayuntamiento4 ,the post-office1 la casa del correo4 ,a banking-house1 el banco4 ,a street1 una calle4 ,the fair1 la feria4 ,the market1 la plaza4 ,a fountain1 una fuente4 ,the bridge1 el puente4 ,a shop1 una tienda4 ,a prison1 la crcel4 ,a lane1 callejuela4 ,an inn1 una posada4 ,,of ,,colors4--,de los colores4 ,white1 el blanco4 ,black1 el negro4 ,red1 el rojo4 ,green1 el verde4 ,yellow1 el amarillo4 ,blue1 el azul4 ,gray1 el pardo4 ,violet color1 violado4 ,fire color1 color de fuego4 ,cherry color1 color de cereza4 ,purple1 el morado4 ,olive color1 aceitunado4 ,brick color1 color de ladrillo4 ,straw color1 pajizo4 ,crimson1 carmes4 ,brown dark color1 bruno4 ,orange color1 naranjado4 ,dove color1 columbino4 ,ash color1 ceniciento4 ,,of ,,metals4--,de los metales4 ,gold1 el oro4 ,silver1 la plata4 ,steel1 el acero4 ,iron1 el hierro1 or fierro4 ,lead1 el plomo4 ,copper1 el cobre4 ,brass1 el bronce4 ,zinc1 zinc4 ,pewter1 el peltre4 ,tin1 el estao4 ,quicksilver1 el azogue4 ,loadstone1 piedra imn4 ,brimstone1 el azufre4 ,cast steel1 acero fundido4 ,verdigris1 el cardenillo4 ,glass1 el vidrio4 ,,commercial ,,terms4--,voces mercantiles4 ,an engrosser1 un abarcador4 ,to credit1 abonar4 ,the carriage1 el porte4 ,packthread1 hilo acarreto4 ,to accept a bill1 aceptar una letra4 ,stock1 accion4 ,mortgagee1 hipotecario4 ,mortgager1 el que d la hipteca4 ,creditor1 acreedor4 ,custom-house1 aduana4 ,a bargain1 ajuste4 ,a settlement1 ajuste de cuentas4 ,carried over1 la vuelta4 ,a warehouse1 un almacen4 ,sale by auction1 almoneda4 ,to hire1 to let out1 alquilar4 ,exchange1 cambio4 ,goods1 bienes1 gneros4 ,property1 propiedad4 ,to insure1 asegurar4 ,ready money1 dinero de contado4 ,goods which ,i have1 bienes habidos1 or may have1 y por haber4 ,consumption1 consumo4 ,stock1 caudal4 ,fund1 fondo4 ,cashier1 cajero4 ,clerk1 cajero1 7,m47 ,cash1 caja4 ,cash-book1 libro de caja4 ,a certificate1 un certificdo4 ,the receiver1 el cobrador4 ,wharfage1 c41 derechos de muelle4 ,a partner1 un compaero4 ,company1 compaia4 ,partnership1 compaia4 ,a commission1 una comision4 ,cent1 or per #ajj1 ciento4 ,two or three per cent1 dos tres por ciento4 ,a purchase1 una compra4 ,a purchaser1 un comprador4 ,a bill of lading1 un conocimiento4 ,a bill1 una cuenta4 ,to cast up a bill1 sumar una cuenta4 ,to call to an account1 pedir cuenta4 ,to pay a part of an account1 pagar a cuenta4 ,consignment1 consignacion4 ,duty of importation1 derechos de entrada4 ,duty of exportation1 derechos de salida4 ,to unlade1 descargar4 ,discount for ready money1 descuento por dinero de contado4 ,disbursement1 desembolso4 ,town's duties1 derechos municipales4 ,a duplicate1 un duplicado4 ,a shop-book1 libro de tienda4 ,the waste-book1 el borrador4 ,a small note-book1 el borradorcillo4 ,a journal1 el diario4 ,a ledger1 libro mayor4 ,a letter-book1 copiador de cartas4 ,a wholesale dealer1 comerciante por mayor4 ,nonpayment1 falta de pago4 ,a promissory note1 un pagar4 ,for the cost of losses1 para costo de prdidas4 ,gross weight1 peso bruto4 ,neat weight1 peso neto4 ,policy of insurance1 pliza de seguros4 ,to come to anchor1 surgir4 ,tare or trett1 tara4 ,a set rate1 la tara4 ,cooperage1 tonelera4 ,to deal1 tratar4 ,business1 negocio4 ,seller1 vendedor4 ,sale1 venta4 ,a cable1 la amarra1 el cable4 ,the sounding-lead1 la sonda4 ,a pilot1 un piloto4 ,the boatswain1 el contramaestre4 ,a sailor1 un marinero4 ,a passenger1 un pasajero4 ,a cabin1 camarote4 ,the great cabin1 la camara4 ,a tempest1 una tormenta4 ,a storm1 una borrasca4 ,fair weather1 bonanza4 ,the calm1 calma4 ,cabin-boy1 page de escoba4 ,a ,,collection ,,of ,,verbs4--,,coleccion ,,de ,,verbos4 ,,for ,,studying4--,para estudiar4 ,to study1 estudiar4 ,to learn1 aprender4 ,to learn by heart1 aprender de memoria4 ,to read1 leer4 ,to write1 escribir4 ,to mark1 sealar4 ,to fold up1 doblar4 ,to seal1 sellar4 ,to put the direction1 sobrescribir4 ,to correct1 corregir4 ,to blot out1 borrar4 ,to translate1 traducir4 ,to begin1 empezar4 ,to go on1 continuar4 ,to end1 acabar4 ,to repeat1 repetir4 ,to do1 hacer4 ,to know1 saber4 ,to be able1 poder4 ,to be willing1 to wish1 querer4 ,to remember1 acordarse4 ,to forget1 olvidar4 ,,to ,,speak4--,para hablar4 ,to pronounce1 pronunciar4 ,to accent1 acentuar4 ,to utter1 proferir4 ,to say1 decir4 ,to prattle1 charlar4 ,to speak1 hablar4 ,to cry out1 exclamar4 ,to open the mouth1 abrir la boca4 ,to shut the mouth1 cerrar la boca4 ,to be silent1 callar4 ,to call1 llamar4 ,to answer1 responder4 ,,to ,,eat ,,and ,,drink4--,para beber y comer4 ,to chew1 mascar4 ,to swallow1 tragar4 ,to cut1 cortar4 ,to taste1 gustar4 ,to rinse1 limpiar4 ,to drink1 beber4 ,to eat1 comer4 ,to fast1 ayunar4 ,to breakfast1 almorzar4 ,to dine1 comer4 ,to drink tea1 tomar t4 ,to sup1 cenar4 ,to fill one's self1 saciarse4 ,to be hungry1 tener hambre4 ,to be thirsty1 tener sed4 ,,to ,,go ,,to ,,sleep4--,para ir dormir4 ,to get into bed1 meterse en la cama4 ,to sleep1 dormir4 ,to watch1 velar4 ,to rest1 descansar4 ,to fall asleep1 adormecerse4 ,to dream1 soar4 ,to snore1 roncar4 ,to wake1 despertar4 ,to rise1 levantarse4 ,to pray ,god1 rogar ,dios4 ,,to ,,dress ,,one',s ,,self4--,vestirse4 ,to dress one's self1 vestirse4 ,to undress one's self1 desnudarse4 ,to put on one's shoes1 ponerse los zapatos1 calzarse4 ,to pull off one's shoes1 quitarse los zapatos4 ,to comb one's head1 peinarse4 ,to shave one's self1 afeitarse4 ,to dress one's head1 rizarse el pelo1 componerse la cabeza4 ,to put on one's hat1 ponerse el sombrero4 ,to be covered1 estar cubierto4 ,to button one's self1 abotonarse4 ,to put on one's stockings1 ponerse las medias4 ,,ordinary ,,actions ,,of ,,men4--,acciones ordinarias de los hombres4 ,to laugh1 reir4 ,to weep1 llorar4 ,to sigh1 suspirar4 ,to sneeze1 estornudar4 ,to yawn1 bostezar4 ,to blow1 soplar4 ,to blow one's nose1 sonarse las narices4 ,to whistle1 silbar4 ,to hear1 oir4 ,to smell1 oler4 ,to spit1 escupir4 ,to bleed at the nose1 echar sangre por las narices4 ,to sweat1 sudar4 ,to clean1 limpiar4 ,to tremble1 temblar4 ,to swell1 hinchar4 ,to cough1 toser4 ,to look1 mirar4 ,to see1 ver4 ,to pinch1 pellizcar4 ,to scratch1 rascar4 ,,actions ,,of ,,love ,,and ,,hatred4--,acciones de amor y de odio4 ,to love1 amar1 or querer4 ,to caress1 alhagar4 ,to show a kindness1 mostrar benevolencia4 ,to flatter1 lisonjear4 ,to embrace1 abrazar4 ,to kiss1 besar4 ,to salute1 saludar4 ,to teach1 ensear4 ,to nourish1 nutrir4 ,to correct1 corregir4 ,to punish1 mortificar4 ,to chastise1 castigar4 ,to whip1 azotar4 ,to praise1 alabar4 ,to blame1 culpar4 ,to give1 dar4 ,to deny1 negar4 ,to forbid1 prohibir4 ,to use ill1 maltratar4 ,to beat1 apalear4 ,to hate1 detestar4 ,to drive1 impeler4 ,to pardon1 perdonar4 ,to dispute1 disputar4 ,to argue1 argir4 ,to plead1 alegar4 ,to protect1 proteger4 ,to forsake1 abandonar4 ,to curse1 maldecir4 ,to bless1 bendecir4 ,,for ,,amusements4--,para las diversiones4 ,to sing1 cantar4 ,to dance1 bailar4 ,to play1 jugar4 ,to play on the guitar1 tocar la guitarra4 ,to play on the flute1 tocar la flauta4 ,to fence1 esgrimir4 ,to play at mall1 jugar al mallo4 ,to play at tennis1 jugar la pelota4 ,to play at cards1 jugar los naipes4 ,to play at piquet1 jugar los cientos4 ,to play at ombre1 jugar al hombre4 ,to play at basset1 jugar la baceta4 ,to play at chess1 jugar al ajedrez4 ,to leap1 saltar4 ,to win1 ganar4 ,to lose1 perder4 ,to ride1 cabalgar4 ,to lay a wager1 apostar4 ,to venture1 aventurar4 ,to be quits1 estar en paz4 ,to lay out1 descartar4 ,to shuffle1 barajar los naipes4 ,to cut1 alzar los naipes4 ,to divert one's self1 entretenerse4 ,to joke1 chancear4 ,to laugh at one1 reirse de uno4 ,to make one laugh1 hacer reir uno4 ,to stand up1 estar en pi4 ,to stoop downwards1 inclinarse4 ,to turn1 voltear4 ,to stop1 parar4 ,,for ,,illnesses4--,para las enfermeddes4 ,to feel the pulse1 tomar el pulso4 ,to give a medicine1 dar una medicina4 ,to take medicine1 tomar una medicina4 ,to be sick1 estar enfermo4 ,to grow worse1 ponerse peor4 ,to purge1 purgar4 ,to let blood1 sangrar4 ,to make an incision1 hacer una incision4 ,to bind up a wound1 vendar una herida4 ,to probe1 tentar4 ,to grow better1 mejorarse4 ,to cut1 cortar4 ,to cure1 sanar4 ,to recover1 recobrarse4 ,,for ,,buying4--,para comprar4 ,to ask the price1 pedir el precio4 ,how much is this worth8 cuanto vale eso8 ,what does it cost8 que cuesta8 ,to haggle1 regatear4 ,to measure1 medir4 ,to buy1 comprar4 ,to pay1 pagar4 ,to bid1 to offer1 ofrecer4 ,to exact1 exigir4 ,to sell dear1 vender caro4 ,to sell cheap1 vender barato4 ,to lend1 prestar4 ,to borrow1 pedir prestado4 ,to pawn1 empear4 ,to take out of pawn1 desempear4 ,to give1 dar4 ,to cheat1 engaar4 ,,for ,,the ,,church4--,para la iglesia4 ,to go to church1 ir la iglesia4 ,to pray ,god1 rogar ,dios4 ,to hear the sermon1 oir el sermon4 ,to preach1 predicar4 ,to receive the sacrament1 comulgar4 ,to adore1 adorar4 ,to baptize1 bautizar4 ,to confirm1 confirmar4 ,to ring the bells1 repicar las campanas4 ,to bury1 sepultar4 ,to sing1 cantar4 ,to inter1 enterrar4 ,to kneel1 arrodillarse4 ,to rise1 levantarse4 ,,actions ,,and ,,motions ,,of ,,men4--,acciones y movimientos de los hombres4 ,to go1 andar1 or ir4 ,to stay1 quedar4 ,to dwell1 habitar4 ,to come1 venir4 ,to walk1 pasear4 ,to run1 correr4 ,to follow1 seguir4 ,to escape1 escapar4 ,to depart1 partir4 ,to advance1 adelantar4 ,to stand back1 estar detras4 ,to be distant1 estar ljos4 ,to come near1 acercarse4 ,to return1 volver4 ,to fall down1 caerse abajo4 ,to slide1 resbalarse4 ,to hurt one's self1 hacerse dao4 ,to arrive1 arribar1 llegar4 ,to go to meet1 ir recibir4 ,to come in1 entrar4 ,to go out1 irse1 or salir4 ,to go up1 subir4 ,to go down1 bajar4 ,to stand idle1 estar ociso4 ,to sit down1 sentarse4 ,to walk1 pasear4 ,to go a-walking1 ir pasear4 ,to be in haste1 estar de priesa4 ,,manual ,,actions4--,acciones manuales4 ,to work1 trabajar4 ,to touch or feel1 tocar4 to play on1 ,to handle1 palpar4 ,to tie1 atar1 anudar4 ,to untie1 desatar4 ,to let loose1 soltar4 ,to take away1 llevar4 ,to take1 tomar4 ,to steal away1 hurtar4 ,to gather1 coger4 ,to tear off1 despedazar4 ,to present1 presentar4 ,to receive1 recibir4 ,to squeeze1 comprimir4 ,to hold1 or to have1 tener4 ,to break1 romper4 ,to hide1 esconder4 ,to cover1 cubrir4 ,to discover1 descubrir4 ,to dirty1 emporcar4 ,to clean1 limpiar4 ,to rub1 frotar4 ,to feel1 sentir4 ,to point out1 mostrar4 ,to pinch1 pellizcar4 ,to scratch1 araar4 ,,actions ,,of ,,memory ,,and ,,imagination4--,acciones de la memoria y de laimaginacion4 ,to remember1 acordarse4 ,to forget1 olvidar4 ,to think1 pensar4 ,to believe1 creer4 ,to doubt1 dudar4 ,to suspect1 sospechar4 ,to observe1 observar4 ,to take care1 tener cuidado4 ,to know1 saber4 ,to imagine1 imaginar4 ,to wish1 desear4 ,to hope1 esperar4 ,to fear1 temer4 ,to assure1 asegurar4 ,to adjudge1 adjudicar4 ,to conclude1 concluir4 ,to resolve1 resolver4 ,to feign1 fingir4 ,to be conceited1 estar pagado de si1 ser presumido4 ,to be obstinate1 estar obstinado1 obstinarse4 ,to fly into a passion1 arder en colera1 encolerisarse4 ,to be appeased1 aplacarse4 ,to embroil one's self1 embrollarse4 ,to mistake1 errar4 ,to be certain1 estar cierto4 ,to be jealous1 estar zeloso4 ,,for ,,arts ,,and ,,trades4--,para las artes y oficios4 ,to paint1 pintar4 ,to engrave1 grabar4 ,to draw a sketch1 delinear4 ,to embroider1 bordar4 ,to enamel1 esmaltar4 ,to gild1 dorar4 ,to silver over1 platear4 ,to inlay1 ataracear4 ,to print1 imprimir4 ,to bind a book1 encuadernar4 ,to labor1 trabajar4 ,,for ,,the ,,army4--,para el ejrcito4 ,to raise soldiers1 levantar gente4 ,to beat the drum1 tocar el tambor4 ,to sound the trumpet1 tocar el clarin4 ,to march1 marchar4 ,to encamp1 acampar4 ,to lodge1 alojar4 ,to alight1 apearse del caballo4 ,to give battle1 dar batalla4 ,to gain the victory1 ganar la victoria4 ,to put in disorder1 poner en desorden4 ,to rout1 derrotar4 ,to rob1 hurtar4 ,to sack1 saquear4 ,to plunder1 pillar4 ,to block up1 bloquear4 ,to besiege1 sitiar4 ,to storm1 asaltar4 ,to take by storm1 tomar por asalto4 ,to spring a mine1 volar una mina4 ,to fire1 disparar1 quemar4 ,to capitulate1 capitular4 ,to surrender1 rendirse4 ,to draw the sword1 sacar la espada4 ,to kill1 matar4 ,to give quarter1 dar cuartel4 ,to wound1 herir4 ,to open the trenches1 abrir la trinchera4 ,to sound the retreat1 tocar la retirada4 ,to pursue the enemy1 perseguir al enemigo4 ,,end ,,of ,,the ,,vocabulary4--,fin del ,vocabulario4 ,,part ,,iii4 ,,familiar ,,dialogues--,,dialogos ,,familiares4 ,,dialogue ,i4 ,,dialogo ,i4 ,about saluting and inquiring ,acerca de saludar informarse after the health of a person4 de la salud de una persona4 ,good morning1 sir4 ,buenos dias1 tenga ,usted4#ai ,good night1 sir4 ,buenas noches1 tenga ,v4 ,good afternoon1 or good evening4 ,buenas tardes1 tenga ,v4 ,how do you do1 sir8 ,como est1 ,v48 ,well1 not very well2 so1 so4 ,bueno1 no muy bueno2 as1 as4 ,very well to serve you4 ,muy bueno para servir ,v4 ,at your service4 ,al servicio de ,v4 ,i am obliged to you4 ,viva ,v4 muchos aos4 ,i thank you4 ,doy ,v4 las gracias4 ,how does your brother do8 ,como est su seor hermano de ,v48 ,he is well4 ,est bueno4 ,he will be glad to see you4 ,se alegrar de ver ,v4 ,i shall have no time to see ,no tengo tiempo de verle hoy4 him to-day4 ,be pleased to sit down4 ,sintese ,v4 un rato4 ,give a chair to the gentleman4 ,da una silla al seor4 ,there is no occasion4 ,no es necesario4 ,i must go to pay a visit in ,es menester que vaya hacer the neighborhood4 una visita en la vecindad4 ,you are in haste4 ,v4 est de priesa4 ,i will be back presently4 ,volver luego4 ,farewell1 sir4 ,adis1 seor4 ,i am glad to see you in good health4 ,me alegro de ver ,v4 con salud4 ,i kiss your hands4 ,beso ,v4 las manos4 ,i am your servant4 ,servidor de ,v4 ,your most humble servant4 ,su humilde servidor de ,v4 ,your servant1 sir4 ,servidora de ,v4 #ai ,usted and ,ustedes1 7you17 have always been written in abbreviation1 thus--,vm41 ,vd41 ,vmd41 for the singular1 and ,vms41 ,vds41 ,vmds41 for the plural4 ,at present ,v4 for the former1 and ,,vv4 for the latter1 are used2 and by either of them only1 will those words be expressed in these dialogues4 ,,dialogue ,,ii4 ,,dialogo ,,ii4 ,to pay a visit in the morning4 ,para hacer una visita por la maana4 ,where is your master8 ,adonde est tu amo8 ,is he asleep still8 ,duerme aun8 ,no1 sir1 he is awake4 ,no1 seor1 est despierto4 ,is he up8 ,est levantado8 ,no1 sir1 he is still abed4 ,no1 seor1 aun est en la cama4 ,what a shame it is to be abed ,que vergenza6 estar en la at this time of the day6 cama esta hora4 ,i went to bed so late last ,me acost tan tarde anoche1 night1 ,i could not rise early que no he podido levantarme this morning4 temprano4 ,what did you after supper8 ,que hizo ,v4 despues de cenar8 ,we danced1 we sung1 we ,bailamos1 cantamos1 reimos1 laughed1 we played4 jugamos4 ,at what game8 ,a que juego8 ,we played at piquet with ,mr4 ,n4 ,jugmos1 los cientos con el ,don ,n4 ,what did the rest do8 ,que hiciron los otros8 ,they played at chess4 ,jugaron el ajedrez4 ,how grieved am ,i1 ,i did not know it6 ,siento muchisimo no haberlo sabido6 ,who won8 who lost8 ,quien gan8 quien perdi8 ,i won ten pistoles4 ,gan diez doblones4 ,till what hour did you play8 ,hasta que hora jugaron ,,vv48 ,till two in the morning4 ,hasta las dos de la maana4 ,at what o'clock did you go to bed8 ,a que hora se acost ,v48 ,at three1 half an hour after three4 ,a las tres1 las tres y media4 ,i don't wonder at your rising ,no extrao que ,v4 se levante so late4 tan tarde4 ,what o'clock is it8 ,que hora es8 ,what o'clock do you think it is8 ,que hora cree ,v4 que sea8 ,scarce eight1 ,i believe1 yet4 ,creo que son apnas las ocho4 ,how1 eight6 it has struck ten4 ,como1 las ocho6 han dado las diez4 ,then ,i must rise with all speed4 ,es menester que me levante pronto4 ,,dialogue ,,iii4 ,,dialogo ,,iii4 ,to dress one's self4 ,para vestirse4 ,who is there8 ,quien es8 or quien est ahi8 ,what will you please to have1 ,que manda ,v4 seor8 sir8 ,be quick1 make a fire1 and ,presto1 haz fuego1 y ven dress me4 vestirme4 ,there is a fire1 sir4 ,el fuego est encendido1 seor4 ,give me my shirt4 ,dme mi camisa4 ,it is not warm1 it is quite cold4 ,no esta caliente1 est fria4 ,if you please1 ,i will warm it4 ,la calentar si ,v4 gusta4 ,no1 no2 bring me my silk ,no1 no2 traeme mis medias stockings4 de seda4 ,they are torn4 ,tienen puntos4 ,stitch them a little2 mend them4 ,remindalas un poco4 ,i have given them to the ,las he dado la calcetera4 stocking-mender4 ,you have done right4 ,where ,has hecho bien4 ,adonde are my slippers8 estn mis chinelas8 ,where is my nightgown8 ,adonde esta mi pata8 ,comb my head4 ,pename4 ,take another comb4 ,toma otro peine4 ,give me my handkerchief4 ,dame mi pauelo4 ,there is a clean one1 sir4 ,aqui est uno limpio1 seor4 ,give me that which is in my ,dame el que est en mi faltriquera4 pocket4 ,i gave it to the washerwoman2 ,le d la lavandera2 estaba it was foul4 sucio4 ,has she brought my linen8 ,ha traido ella mi ropa8 ,yes1 sir2 there wants nothing4 ,si1 seor1 no falta nada4 ,what clothes will you wear ,que vestido llevar ,v4 hoy to-day1 sir8 seor8 ,those ,i had yesterday4 ,el que llev ayer4 ,the tailor will bring your suit ,el sastre debe traer luego1 su of clothes presently4 vestido nuevo de ,v4 ,somebody knocks2 see who it is4 ,alguno llama la puerta2 mira quien es4 ,who is it8 ,quien es8 ,it is the tailor1 sir4 ,es el sastre1 seor4 ,let him come in4 ,dle que entre4 ,,dialogue ,,iv4 ,,dialogo ,,iv4 ,a gentleman and the tailor4 ,un caballero y el sastre4 ,do you bring me my suit of clothes8 ,me trae ,v4 mi vestido8 ,yes1 sir2 here it is4 ,si1 seor2 aqui est4 ,you make me wait a great while4 ,v4 me hace esperar largo tiempo4 ,i could not come sooner2 it ,no poda venir mas pronto2 was not finished4 no estaba acabado4 ,the lining was not sewed4 ,el forro no estaba cosido4 ,will you be pleased to try ,quiere ,v4 probar la casaca8 the close coat on8 ,let us see whether it be well made4 ,vemos si est bien hecha4 ,i believe it will please you4 ,espero que le gustar ,v4 ,it seems to me to be very long4 ,me parece muy larga4 ,they wear them long now4 ,se usan largas ahora4 ,button me4 ,abotneme ,v4 ,it is too close4 ,me aprieta demasiado4 ,to fit properly1 it ought to be ,para que siente bien1 es preciso close4 que ajuste4 ,are not the sleeves too wide8 ,no son las mangas demasiado anchas8 ,no1 sir2 they fit very well4 ,no1 seor2 van muy bien4 ,this suit becomes you mighty ,este vestido le va muy bien well4 ,v4 ,it is too short1 too long1 too ,est demasiado corto1 largo1 big1 too little4 grande1 chico4 ,pardon me1 it fits very well4 ,perdone ,v41 le va muy bien4 ,have you made your bill8 ,ha hecho ,v4 su cuenta8 ,no1 sir2 ,i had not time4 ,no1 seor2 no he tenido tiempo4 ,bring it to-morrow2 ,i will pay you4 ,tragala ,v4 maana1 y le pagar4 ,,dialogue ,v4 ,,dialogo ,v4 ,to breakfast4 ,para almorzar4 ,bring us something for breakfast4 ,traiganos ,v4 alguna cosa1 para almorzar4 ,yes1 sir2 there are sausages ,si1 seor2 ahi tinen salchichas and eggs4 y huevos4 ,do you choose ham8 ,gustan ,,vv4 jamon8 ,yes1 bring it2 we will cut a ,si1 traigale ,v42 cortarmos slice of it4 una tajada4 ,lay the tablecloth4 ,ponga ,v4 los manteles4 ,give us plates1 knives1 and forks4 ,denos platos1 cuchillos1 y tenedores4 ,give the gentleman a chair4 ,d una silla al seor4 ,sit down1 sir2 sit by the fire4 ,sintese ,v4 junto al fuego4 ,i am very well here2 ,i am not cold4 ,estoy bien aqui2 no tengo frio4 ,let us see if the wine is good4 ,vemos si el vino es bueno4 ,give me that bottle and a glass4 ,deme ,v4 esa botella y un vaso4 ,taste that wine1 pray4 ,pruebe ,v4 este vino1 seor4 ,how do you like it8 ,what ,como le halla ,v48 que le do you say to it8 parece ,v48 ,it is not bad2 it is very good4 ,no es malo2 es muy bueno4 ,here are the sausages2 take ,ah estn las salchichas2 quite away this plate4 ,v4 este plato4 ,eat some sausages4 ,coma ,v4 unas salchichas4 ,i have eaten some2 they are ,he comido algunas2 son muy very good4 buenas4 ,give me some drink4 ,dme ,v4 algo de beber4 ,your health1 sir4 ,caballero la sald de ,v4 ,sir1 ,i thank you4 ,doy ,v4 las gracias4 ,give the gentleman something ,d de beber al seor4 to drink4 ,i drank but just now4 ,acabo de beber4 ,the petty patties were very ,los pastelillos eran muy buenos4 good4 ,they were baked a little too ,solo estaban demasiado cocidos4 much4 ,you do not eat4 ,v4 no come4 ,i have eaten so much1 ,i shall ,he comido tanto1 que no tendr not be able to eat my dinner4 ganas medio dia4 ,you only jest2 you have eaten ,v4 se burla2 ,v4 no ha comido nothing at all4 casi nada4 ,i have eaten very heartily ,he comido de buena gana las black pudding1 sausages1 morcillas1 las salchichas1 and ham4 y el jamon4 ,,dialogue ,,vi4 ,,dialogo ,,vi4 ,to speak ,spanish4 ,para hablar ,espaol4 ,how goes on your ,spanish8 ,como vamos con el ,espaol8 ,are you much improved in it now8 ,ha hecho ,v4 mucho progreso ahora8 ,not much2 ,i know scarcely ,no mucho2 no s casi nada4 any thing4 ,it is said1 however1 you speak ,dicen1 no obstante1 que ,v4 le it very well4 habla muy buen4 ,would to ,god it were true6 ,ojal fura verdad6 ,those that say so are much ,los que lo dicen se engaan mistaken4 mucho4 ,i assure you1 ,i was told so4 ,le aseguro ,v4 que me lo han dicho4 ,i can say a few words which ,puedo decir algunas palabras ,i have learned by heart4 que he aprendido de memoria4 ,and it is as much as it is ,y es cuanto basta para empezar necessary to begin to speak4 hablar4 ,the beginning is not all2 you ,el principio no es el todo2 es must make an end4 preciso acabar4 ,be always speaking1 either ,hable ,v4 siempre1 bien well or ill4 mal4 ,i am afraid of committing blunders4 ,temo decir disparates4 ,never fear2 the ,spanish language ,no hay nada que temer2 la is not hard4 lengua ,espaa no es dificil4 ,i know it2 and that it has ,lo s2 y que tiene tambien abundance of graces4 abundancia de gracias4 ,application is the only way ,la aplicasion es el solo modo of learning it4 de aprenderla4 ,how long have you been learning8 ,cuanto tiempo ha1 que ,v4 la est aprendiendo8 ,scarcely two months4 ,a pnas dos meses4 ,does not your master tell you1 ,no dice su maestro de ,v4 que es you must always speak ,spanish8 menester hablar siempre ,espaol8 ,yes1 he often tells me so4 ,si1 seor1 me lo dice menudo4 ,why don't you talk1 then8 ,porqu no habla ,v48 ,whom will you have me talk with8 ,con quien he de hablar8 ,with those that talk to you4 ,con todos los que le hablen ,v4 ,i would fain talk1 but ,i dare not4 ,quisiera hablar1 pero no me4 ,you must not be afraid4 atrevo4 ,v4 no debe tener miedo4 ,you must be bold4 ,es menester ser atrevido4 ,,dialogue ,,vii4 ,,dialogo ,,vii4 ,of the weather4 ,del tiempo4 ,what sort of weather is it8 ,que tiempo hace8 ,it is fine weather4 ,hace buen tiempo4 ,it is bad weather4 ,hace mal tiempo4 ,is it cold8 is it hot8 ,hace frio8 hace calor8 ,it is not cold2 it is not hot4 ,no hace frio2 no hace calor4 ,does it rain8 does it not rain8 ,llueve8 no llueve8 ,i do not think it does4 ,no lo creo4 ,the wind is changed4 ,se mud el viento4 ,we shall have rain4 ,tendremos lluvia4 ,it will not rain to-day4 ,no llover hoy4 ,it rains2 it pours4 ,llueve2 llueve cntaros4 ,it snows4 ,nieva4 ,it thunders4 ,truena4 ,it hails4 ,graniza4 ,it lightens4 ,relampagua4 ,it is very hot4 ,hace gran calor4 ,has it frozen to-night8 ,ha helado noche8 ,no1 sir2 but it freezes now4 ,no1 seor2 pero hiela ahora4 ,it appears to me to be a great fog4 ,me parece que hace un tiempo nebuloso4 ,you are not mistaken2 it is true4 ,v4 tiene razon2 es verdd4 ,you have caught a violent cold4 ,v4 ha cogido un gran catrro1 or una fluxion4 ,i have had it this fortnight4 ,ya hace quince das que le 7or la7 tengo4 ,what o'clock is it8 ,que hora es8 ,it is early2 it is not late4 ,es temprano2 no es tarde4 ,is it breakfast-time8 ,es tiempo de desayunarse8 ,it will be dinner-time immediately4 ,luego ser tiempo de comer4 ,what shall we do after dinner8 ,que harmos despues de comer8 ,we will take a walk4 ,irmos pasear4 ,let us take a turn now4 ,vamos ahora4 ,we must not go abroad this weather4 ,no debemos salir con este tiempo4 ,,dialogue ,,viii4 ,,dialogo ,,viii4 ,to write4 ,para escribir4 ,give me a sheet of paper1 a ,dme ,v4 un pliego de papel1 pen1 and a little ink4 una pluma1 y un poco de tinta4 ,step into my closet2 you will ,entre ,v4 en mi gabinete1 y find on the table whatever hallar sobre la mesa1 recado you want4 de escribir4 ,there are no pens4 ,no hay plumas4 ,they are in the standish4 ,ah estn en el tintero4 ,they are good for nothing4 ,nada valen4 ,there are some others4 ,all hay otras4 ,they are not made4 ,no estan tajadas4 ,where is your penknife8 ,adonde est el cortaplumas de ,v48 ,can you make pens8 ,sabe ,v4 tajar plumas8 ,i make them my own way4 ,las tajo mi modo4 ,this is not bad4 ,esta no es mala4 ,while ,i finish this letter1 do ,mintras acabo esta carta1 hgame me the favor to make a ,v4 el favor de hacer packet of the rest4 un pliego del resto4 ,what seal will you have me ,que sello quiere ,v4 que le put to it8 ponga8 ,seal it with my cipher1 or ,sellle ,v4 con mi cifra1 con coat of arms4 mis armas4 ,what wax shall ,i put to it8 ,que lacre le he deponr8 ,put either red or wafer1 no ,ponga ,v4 encarnado1 oblea1 matter which4 no importa4 ,have you put the date8 ,ha puesto ,v4 la fecha8 ,i believe ,i have2 but ,i have ,cro que si2 pero no he firmado4 not signed it4 ,what day of the month is this8 ,a cuantos estamos del mes8 ,the eighth1 the tenth1 the ,a ocho1 diez1 veinte4 twentieth4 ,put the superscription4 ,ponga ,v4 el sobrescrito4 ,where is the sand8 ,adonde est la arenilla8 ,you never have either powder ,v4 no tiene nunca arenilla4 or sand4 ,there is some in the sandbox4 ,hay alguna en la salvadera4 ,there is your servant2 will ,aqui est el criado2 quiere ,v4 que you let him carry the lleve estas cartas al correo8 letters to the post-house8 ,carry my letters to the ,lleva las cartas del seor al post-office2 and don't correo1 y no se te olvide forget to pay the postage4 7pagar el porte7 franquearlas4 ,i have no money4 ,no tengo dinero4 ,there is some2 go quick1 ,ah le tienes2 vete pronto1 y make haste to come back4 vuelve luego4 ,,dialogue ,,ix4 ,,dialogo ,,ix4 ,to buy4 ,para comprar4 ,what do you want1 sir8 ,que manda ,v4 seor8 ,what would you please to have8 ,que desea ,v48 ,i want a good fine cloth1 to ,necesito pao bueno y hermoso1 make me a suit of clothes4 para hacerme un vestido4 ,be pleased to walk in1 sir1 ,hgame ,v4 el favor de entrar1 you will see the finest ,i have4 ver ,v4 el mejor que tengo4 ,show me the best you have4 ,enseme ,v4 el mejor que tenga4 ,there is a very fine one1 and ,ah tiene ,v4 uno muy fino1 y what is worn at present4 como se estila ahora4 ,it is a good cloth2 but ,i don't ,es bueno1 pero el color no me like the color4 gusta4 ,there is another lighter piece4 ,aqu hay otra pieza de un color mas claro4 ,i like that color well2 but the ,me gusta ese color2 pero el cloth is not strong1 it is too pao es muy delgado1 no thin4 tiene bastante cuerpo4 ,look at this piece1 sir2 you ,mire ,v4 este pao1 seor1 no will not find the like hallar otro semejante en anywhere else4 ninguna parte4 ,what do you ask for it a yard8 ,cuanto pide ,v4 por la vara8 ,without exacting1 it is worth ,sin pedir demasiado1 vale five dollars4 cinco pesos4 ,sir1 ,i am not used to stand ,no estoy acostumbrdo a regatear2 haggling2 pray tell me your suplico ,v4 que me diga lowest price4 el ltimo precio4 ,i have told it you1 sir2 it is ,he dicho ,v4 cuanto vale4 worth that4 ,it is too dear2 ,i will give ,es demasiado caro2 le dar you four dollars4 ,v4 solo cuatro pesos4 ,i cannot abate a farthing4 ,no puedo rebajar un cuarto4 ,you shall not have what you ask4 ,no dar ,v4 lo que pide4 ,you asked me the lowest price1 ,v4 me pregunt el ltimo and ,i have told it to you4 precio1 y se le he dicho4 ,come1 come1 cut off two yards ,vamos1 corte ,v4 dos varas y and a half of it4 media4 ,i protest1 on the word of an ,aseguro ,v4 bajo palabra de honest man1 ,i do not get hombre de bien1 que no gano two shillings by you4 dos reales con ,v4 ,there are three doubloons2 ,aqu hay tres onzas dme ,v4 give me my change4 cambio4 ,be pleased1 sir1 to give me ,hgame ,v4 el favor de darme another doubloon2 this is otra onza1 esta le falta too light1 it wants weight4 peso4 ,here is another4 ,aqu hay otra4 ,farewell2 sir1 your servant4 ,adis2 seor1 servidor de ,v4 ,,dialogue ,x4 ,,dialogo ,x4 ,to inquire after news4 ,de las noticias4 ,what news is there8 ,que se dice de nuevo8 ,do you know any8 ,sabe ,v4 alguna cosa8 ,i have heard none4 ,no he oido decir nada4 ,what is the talk of the town8 ,que se dice en la ciudad8 ,there is no talk of any thing4 ,no se habla de nada4 ,have you heard no talk of war8 ,no ha oido ,v4 hablar de la guerra8 ,i heard nothing of it4 ,no se dice nada de ella4 ,a person told me this morning1 ,un sugeto me dijo esta maana que that ,mr4 ,s4 is a bankrupt2 have el seor ,s4 ha quebrado2 tiene you any connection with him8 ,v4 correspondencia con l8 ,no1 thank ,god4 ,no1 seor1 gracias ,dios4 ,so much the better4 ,tanto mejor4 ,indeed1 you surprise me4 ,verdaderamente ,v4 me sorprehende4 ,my dear friend1 there is no ,querido amigo1 no hay nada wonder in all the bankruptcies que extraar en todas las now4 quiebras ahora4 ,why so8 ,porqu8 ,because the greatest part of ,porque la mayor parte de los shopkeepers will appear tenderos quiren parecer more than they really are4 mas de lo que son realmente4 ,what is the amount of his ,a cuanto llega su quiebra8 bankruptcy8 ,between twenty-five and thirty ,veinticinco treinta mil pesos4 thousand dollars4 ,so much as that6 you surprise ,tanto6 ,v4 me sorprehende4 me4 ,four years ago he was but ,cuatro aos ha estba de a shopman at ,mr4 ,m's4 ,how has dependiente en la tienda he been able to be trusted del seor ,m4 ,como ha so much8 podido tener tanto crdito8 ,i don't know2 he was worth ,no s1 l era rco cuando al something when he first principio abri su tienda4 began to open his shop4 ,i heard he had ten thousand ,he oido1 que tenia diez mil pesos4 dollars4 ,well2 if he was worth ten ,muy bien2 si tena diez mil thousand dollars1 and reduced pesos y ahora esta insolvente1 to be a bankrupt now1 there hay ciertamente mala conducta must be some misconduct in that4 en l4 ,i suppose so2 ,i have heard he has ,lo supongo2 he oido que tiene casa a country-house most handsomely de campo muy soberbiamente furnished1 a horse-chaise1 two adornada1 una calesa1 dos tres or three servants1 without criados1 sin hablar de sus mozos speaking of his shopmen3 de tienda3 con todas estas cosas all that takes a great part se gasta la mayor parte de la of the profit1 besides frequent ganancia1 adems de la comedia y entertainments and the play4 de los convites4 ,if there was nothing but that1 ,si no fura otra cosa que eso1 it would be but a trifle4 seria bagatela4 ,do you call that a trifle8 ,v4 llama eso bagatela8 ,yes1 if he can afford it2 but ,s1 si puede sostener semejantes if cards are his greatest gastos2 mas si los naipes son occupation1 and he loses in su mas grande ocupacion1 y pierde an instant the labor of his en un instante el trabajo de sus men and his own1 ,i do not mozos y su ganancia1 no hay que wonder at his being a bankrupt4 extraar que sea insolvente4 ,i cannot comprehend how a man of ,no puedo comprehender como un sense can run headlong to the hombre de juicio puede ser tan ruin of others and his own4 inconsiderado que arruine otros y s mismo4 ,i have heard he is overstocked ,he oido que tiene abundancia de toda with every thing4 suerte de gneros4 ,if he is overstocked1 and does ,si tiene tantos gneros1 y no los not pay for it1 would it not be paga1 ,no seria mejor volver lo better to send back what he que no puede vender1 que hacer cannot sell1 than to make a show vender1 que hacer gala de lo que of what is not his own8 no es suyo8 ,but you do not reflect1 that ,v4 no considera1 que la gente people generally go where va generalmente adonde there is a greater choice4 hay mas en que escoger4 ,i grant it2 however1 there is ,lo concedo2 pero hay un a medium in every thing4 medio en todas las cosas4 ,yes1 when prudence dictates ,s1 cuando la prudencia es la our actions2 but when we regla de nuestras acciones2 will appear what we are mas cuando queremos parecer not1 others suffer for it4 lo que no somos1 otros sufren por ello4 ,you are right4 ,v4 tiene razon4 ,how soon will he present ,quando se ha de presentar8 himself8 ,the newspaper does not say4 ,la gazeta no lo dice4 ,it will be soon known4 ,pronto lo sabrmos4 ,it is twenty-six years ago ,hace veintiseis aos desde since ,i opened my shop3 que abr mi tienda3 mi we were not worth1 my mujer y yo no tenimos wife and ,i1 three thousand tres mil pesos3 hemos educdo dollars3 ,i have bred up doce hijos1 y vivido twelve children1 and lived dichosos1 sin verme insolvente4 comfortably1 without having been a bankrupt4 ,i can say almost the same2 ,puedo casi decir lo mismo2 for my fortune was not so mi fortuna verdaderamente considerable by a great no era tan considerable3 deal3 yet by frugality ,i pero con economa he vencido have overcome all the las dificultades de la vida4 difficulties of life4 ,were you married when first ,era ,v4 casado quando abri you began business8 su tienda8 ,no2 ,i kept shop ten years ,no2 tena tienda diez aos before ,i married1 and was ntes de casarme1 y tuve fortunate enough to find a la dicha de hallar una mujer wife after my own sentiments4 de mi modo de pensar4 ,we are both old1 and have ,somos mbos ancianos1 y chosen the best time for hemos escogido el mejor our business4 tiempo para nuestros negocios4 ,truly1 it is so2 for1 if you ,realmente1 es as2 porque1 observe1 now we pay dearer si ,v4 observa1 pagamos for every article1 and not ahora mas caros los gneros1 so good as they were formerly4 y no son tan buenos como lo eran antiguamente4 ,it is true2 but we sell them ,es verdad2 pero los vendemos nearly the half dearer than casi la mitad mas caro de lo what they did sell ten years lo que se vendian diez aos ago4 hace4 ,i grant it2 but we have not ,lo concedo2 pero no tenemos tanta so much profit as we had4 ganancia como tenamos4 ,,dialogue ,,xi4 ,,dialogo ,,xi4 ,to inquire after any one4 ,para informarse de alguno4 ,who is that gentleman that spoke ,quien es ese caballero que to you a little while ago8 hablaba ,v4 algun tiempo ha8 ,he is a ,german4 ,es un ,aleman4 ,i took him for an ,englishman4 ,cre que era ,ingles4 ,he comes from ,saxony4 ,viene de ,sajonia4 ,he speaks ,french very well4 ,habla ,francs muy bien4 ,the ,spaniards take him for a ,los ,espaoles le creen ,espaol1 ,spaniard1 and the ,english for y los ,ingleses ,ingles4 an ,englishman4 ,it is difficult to be conversant ,es dificil hablar tantas lenguas in so many different languages4 diferentes4 ,he has been a long while in ,ha estado largo tiempo en those countries4 esos paises4 ,have you known him for any time8 ,hace mucho tiempo que ,v4 le conoce8 ,about two years4 ,cerca de dos aos4 ,he has a noble air2 he has a ,tiene buena presencia1 y l good mien4 aspecto noble4 ,he is a genteel person4 ,es bien parecdo4 ,he is neither too tall1 nor too ,no es demasiado alto1 ni demasiado little4 pequeo4 ,he is handsome2 he is well ,es hermoso2 es bien hecho4 shaped4 ,he plays upon the piano1 the ,toca el piano1 la guitarra1 y guitar1 and several other otros muchos instrumentos4 instruments4 ,i should be glad to know him4 ,gustara mucho de conocerle4 ,i will bring you acquainted ,proporcionar a usted su with him4 conocimiento4 ,where does he live8 ,adonde vive8 ,he lives by the river side4 ,vive la orilla del rio4 ,when will you have us go and ,cuando quiere ,v4 que vyamos wait on him8 visitarle8 ,whenever you please1 for he ,cuando ,v4 guste1 porque es is my intimate friend4 mi amigo ntimo4 ,it shall be when you are not ,ser quando ,v4 est desocupado4 engaged4 ,we will go to-morrow morning4 ,irmos maana por la maana4 ,i shall be obliged to you4 ,se lo agradecer ,v4 mucho4 ,,dialogue ,,xii4 ,,dialogo ,,xii4 ,for a journey4 ,de un viage4 ,how many leagues is it from ,cuantas leguas hay de aqu ,n48 this place to ,n48 ,it is eight leagues4 ,hay ocho leguas4 ,we shall not be able to get ,no podrmos llegar all hoy1 es there to-day1 it is too late4 muy tarde4 ,it is not twelve o'clock2 you ,no han dado las doce1 tiene ,v4 have time enough yet4 bastante tiempo4 ,is the road good8 ,es un buen camino8 ,so so2 there are woods and ,as as2 tiene ,v4 bosques y rios rivers to pass4 que atravesar4 ,is there any danger upon the ,hay peligro en el camino real8 highway8 ,there is no talk of it2 it is a ,no se dice nada de eso2 es un highway where you meet camino en que se encuentra people every moment4 gente cada momento4 ,do not they say there are ,no se dice que hay ladrones en robbers in the woods8 los bosques8 ,there is nothing to be feared ,no hay nada que temer de dia a ni either by day or night4 de noche4 ,which way must one take8 ,que camino he de tomar8 ,when you come near the hill1 you ,cuando est ,v4 cerca del cerro1 must take to the right hand4 tomar mano derecha4 ,is it not necessary to ascend ,hay necesidad de subir el cerro8 the hill then8 ,no1 sir2 there is no other hill ,no1 seor2 no hay mas que un but a little declivity in the declive insensible en el bosque4 wood4 ,is the way difficult through ,es el camino dificil en el bosque8 the wood8 ,you cannot lose your way4 ,v4 no puede extraviarse4 ,as soon as you are out of the ,luego que ,v4 est fuera del bosque1 wood1 remember to keep to the acurdese de tomar la left hand4 izquierda4 ,is there any good inn on the ,hay alguna buena posada or venta road8 7algun buen meson1 ,m47 en el camino8 ,there is one4 ,there is none4 ,hay una4 ,no hay ninguna4 ,there is one tolerably good4 ,hay una pasadera4 7,hay una tal cual47 ,can ,i find any horses there8 ,podr hallar caballos en ella8 ,it is likely4 ,but you would ,puede ser4 ,pero ,v4 haria mejor en do better to secure one here1 asegurar uno aqu de antemano4 beforehand4 ,pray1 how much would it cost8 ,dgame ,v4 cuanto me costara8 ,it would cost at the rate of ,costara razon de 444 por legua4 444 a league4 ,i thank you1 sir1 and am much ,muchas gracias3 lo agradezco obliged to you4 mucho4 ,come1 come1 gentlemen1 let us ,vamos1 caballeros1 caballo4 take horse4 ,where is ,mr4 ,n48 ,adonde est el ,sr4 ,n48 ,he is gone before4 ,se ha ido adelante4 ,he will wait for you just out ,esperar ,,vv4 fuera de la ciudad4 of town4 ,what do we stay for now8 ,que espermos ahora8 ,vamos4 ,let us be gone4 ,farewell1 gentlemen4 ,adis1 seores4 ,i wish you a good journey4 ,dios les d ,,vv4 buen viage4 ,thank you4 ,viva ,v4 muchos aos4 ,,dialogue ,,xiii4 ,,dialogo ,,xiii4 ,supper and lodgings4 ,la cena y el alojamento4 ,let us alight1 gentlemen4 ,apemonos1 seores4 ,take these gentlemen's horses1 ,toma los caballos de estos and take care of them4 seores1 y cudalos bien4 ,now1 let us see what you will ,veamos ahora que nos dar give us for supper4 ,v4 de cenar4 ,two chickens1 half-a-dozen of ,un par de pollos1 media docena de pigeons1 a salad1 six quails1 pichnes1 una ensalada1 seis and a dozen of larks4 codornices1 y una docena de alondras4 ,will you have nothing else8 ,no quieren ,,vv4 otra cosa8 ,that is enough2 but give us ,no1 esto basta2 pero dnos buen some good wine1 and some vino y postres4 dessert4 ,let me alone1 ,i will please ,djenme ,,vv4 les asegro que les you1 ,i warrant ye4 dar gusto4 ,light the gentlemen4 ,alumbra los seores4 ,let us have our supper as ,dnos ,v4 de cenar cuanto ntes4 soon as possible4 ,before you have pulled off ,antes que se hayan quitado your boots1 supper will be ,,vv4 las botas1 estar la upon the table4 cena en la mesa4 ,let our portmanteaus and pistols ,vengan nuestras maletas y pistolas be carried up-stairs4 al cuarto4 ,pull off my boots2 and then ,qutame las botas1 y v a ver si you shall go and see whether han dado heno 7paja1 ,m47 they have given the horses los caballos4 any hay4 ,you shall conduct them to ,llvalos al rio1 y cuida que les the river2 and take care de avena1 7cebada1 ,m47 they give them some oats4 ,i will take care of everything2 ,tendr cuenta con todo3 descuide ,v4 don't trouble yourself4 ,gentlemen1 supper is ready2 ,seores1 la cena est pronta2 it is upon the table4 est en la mesa4 ,we will come presently4 ,vamos luego4 ,let us go to supper1 gentlemen1 ,vamos1 seores1 cenar1 para that we may go to bed in poder acostarnos temprano4 good time4 ,give us water to wash our hands4 ,dnos agua para lavarnos4 ,let us sit down at table1 ,sentmonos la mesa1 seores4 gentlemen4 ,give us some drink4 ,dnos de beber4 ,to your health1 gentlemen4 ,a la salud de ,,vv41 seores4 ,is the wine good8 ,es el vino bueno8 ,it is not bad4 ,no es malo4 ,the chickens are not done ,los pollos no estan bastante enough4 asados4 ,give us some oranges4 ,dnos algunas naranjas4 ,why don't you eat of these ,porque no come ,v4 pichnes8 pigeons8 ,i have eaten one pigeon and ,me he comdo un pichn1 y tres three larks4 alondras4 ,go1 call for a chafingdish4 ,vaya ,v4 por un escalfadr4 ,tell the landlord we want to ,d al posadero que venga speak with him4 hablarnos4 ,,dialogue ,,xiv4 ,,dialogo ,,xiv4 ,to reckon with the landlord4 ,para ajustar cuentas con el mesonero4 ,good evening1 gentlemen4 ,buenas noches1 seores4 ,are you satisfied with your ,les gusta ,,vv4 la cena8 supper8 ,we are2 but we must satisfy ,si1 seor2 pero es menester you too4 pagar4 ,what is the reckoning8 ,cuanto hemos gastado8 ,the reckoning is not great4 ,el escote no sube mucho4 ,see what you must have for us1 ,vea ,v4 cuanto le debmos1 our men1 and our horses4 por nosotros1 nuestros criados y caballos4 ,reckon yourselves1 and you ,hagan ,,vv4 la cuenta1 y hallaran will find it comes to ten que todo importa diez pesos4 crowns4 ,methinks you ask too much4 ,me parece que es demasiado4 ,on the contrary1 ,i am very ,al contrario1 es muy barato4 reasonable4 ,how much do you make us ,cuanto nos hace ,v4 pagar por pay for the wine8 el vino8 ,four shillings a bottle4 ,cuatro reales la botella4 ,bring us another bottle1 and ,traiganos otra botella1 y maana to-morrow morning we will por la maana le pagaremos pay you ten dollars with diez pesos incluyendo breakfast included4 el almuerzo4 ,methinks the gentleman is ,me parce que este seor est not well4 malo4 ,i am very well1 but ,i am ,estoy bueno1 pero estoy molido y weary and fatigued4 cansado4 ,you must take courage4 ,es menester tomar nimo4 ,it would be better for me to ,yo estara mejor en la cama1 que be in bed than at the table4 en la mesa4 ,get your bed warmed1 and ,mande ,v4 calentar su cama1 go to bed4 y vyase acostar4 ,good night1 gentlemen4 ,buenas noches1 seores4 ,do you want any thing8 ,le falta ,v4 algo8 ,i want nothing1 but rest4 ,nada quiero1 sino descanso4 ,let us be called to-morrow ,despirtenos ,v4 maana muy morning very early4 temprano4 ,i will not fail4 ,gentlemen1 ,lo har sin falta4 ,seores1 good-night4 tengan ,,vv4 buenas noches4 ,,dialogue ,,xv4 ,,dialogo ,,xv4 ,on sailing upon the water1 or ,de un viaje por agua1 por mar4 on a voyage by sea4 ,when shall we go on board8 ,cuando nos embarcarmos8 ,if we have favorable weather1 ,si tenemos viento favorable1 how long shall we be on our cuanto durar nuestro viaje8 passage8 ,how much must ,i pay for ,cuanto he de pagar por el pasage8 the passage8 ,how much must ,i pay for a ,cuanto he de pagar por un cabin for myself8 camarote para m solo8 ,how much ought ,i to give ,cuanto se paga por estar en for a place in the large la cmara grande con los cabin1 with the rest of the demas pasageros8 passengers8 ,how many passengers have you8 ,cuantos pasageros tiene ,v48 ,are there any ladies among ,hay algunas seoras entre the number8 ellos8 ,how many persons does your ,de cuantos hombres se compone whole crew consist of8 la tripulacion de ,v48 ,what kind of diet shall we ,que nos darn de comer8 have8 ,some smoked and salt meat1 ,carne ahumada y salada1 pescado and fish1 potatoes1 beans1 salado1 patatas1 frijoles1 cheese1 and sea-bread4 ,i avichuelas1 queso y advise you1 therefore1 to galleta4 ,aconsejo ,v4 por take along some provisions lo mismo que lleve consigo for your private use4 algunas provisiones para su uso particular4 ,what sort of provisions shall ,que provisiones debo llevar8 ,i take8 ,rice1 vermicelli1 ham1 pickled ,arroz1 fideos1 jamones1 ostras oysters1 portable soup1 and en escaleche1 sopa1 y otros other eatables prepared for comestibles preparados para that purpose1 sugar1 honey1 el efecto1 azcar1 miel lemon syrup1 prunes1 fresh de abejas1 jarabe de limon1 lemons2 and also beer1 ciruelas pasas1 limones frescos2 wine1 and such liquors as y tambien vino1 cerveza1 you may be in want of4 y aquellos licores que puedan necesitarse4 ,do not forget to provide ,no olvide ,v4 llevar sbanas y yourself with sheets and demas ropa de cama2 y asi mismo bedclothes1 and likewise algunas medicinas4 with a few medicines4 ,when shall we set sail8 ,cuando partirmos1 or saldrmos8 ,to-day1 if the wind is fair4 ,hoy1 si hace buen viento4 ,at what hour shall we set sail8 ,a que hora nos harmos la vela8 ,at ten o'clock1 to profit by ,a las diez1 para aprovecharnos the high water4 de la marea alta4 ,i shall be in readiness1 you ,estar pronto1 puedo ,v4 estar may depend upon it4 ,i will seguro4 ,volver en mnos be back in less than half de media hora4 an hour4 ,,dialogue ,,xvi4 ,,dialogo ,,xvi4 ,conversation on board of a vessel4 ,conversacion bordo de un barco4 ,is the wind fair8 ,es bueno el viento8 ,tenemos buen viento8 ,i fear we shall have a storm4 ,temo que tengamos un temporal4 ,the wind gets much higher4 ,el viento crece mucho4 ,el viento se arrecia4 ,what a dreadful storm6 ,que terrible temporal6 or tempestad6 ,do you think there is any danger8 ,piensa ,v4 que hay peligro8 ,don't be afraid1 there is no ,no tenga ,v4 miedo1 no hay danger4 peligro4 ,does the wind continue to be ,continua el viento ser tan so contrary1 or so bad8 contrario1 or tan malo8 ,it is likely it will continue the ,es regular que continue lo mismo the same for three more hours4 por tres horas mas4 ,no1 it begins to abate a little4 ,no1 empieza caer un poca4 ,i am very sick4 ,estoy muy malo4 ,what is the matter with you8 ,que tiene ,v48 ,i feel very dizzy1 great ,siento un grande desvanecimiento1 squeamishnessin my stomach1 7se me anda la cabeza17 tengo my head and bones pain el estmago revuelto1 me me much1 and ,i have a duelen mucho la cabeza y los shivering all over me4 huesos1 y experimento escalofro en todo el cuerpo4 ,this is the effect of the ,todo eso es efecto del maro2 y seasickness2 you must not be no debe darle ,v4 ningun under any apprehension on cuidado4 that account4 ,i advise you to take1 two or ,aconsejo ,v4 que tome dos three times a day1 a little tres veces al dia una spoonful of sulphuric-ether cucharaditade eter sulfrico in a small tumbler of water1 en un vasito de agua1 y que and to rub your temples se frote con l las sienes1 and nose with it4 ,it y las nariz4 ,se recomienda is recommended also to tambien los principios el drink sea-water for the beber agua del mar una dos first few days1 to keep on veces al dia2 el mantenerse deck1 and to walk about sobre la cubierta1 y pasear as much as possible4 ,some cuanto se pueda4 ,algunos persons assert that a silk aseguran que el atarse handkerchief1 tied tight fuertemente un pauelo de seda round the waist next to raiz de las carnes1 al the skin1 is a great preventive4 rededor de la cintura1 es un gran preservativo4 ,i have the toothache4 ,tengo dolor de muelas4 ,that happens frequently at ,eso sucede frecuentemente en sea4 ,you must mind not el mar4 ,es menester no to expose yourself to the esponerse al relente1 7la damps of the morning and humedad de la maana1 evening air4 ,you must de la noche27 mascar coclearia1 frequently chew cochlearia salvia2 lavarse la boca or sage leaves4 ,wash your menudo con aguardiente mouth with camphorated alcanforado1 en una palabra brandy1 and finally1 take tener mucho cuidado de los great care of your teeth4 dientes4 ,,dialogue ,,xvii4 ,,dialogo ,,xvii4 ,on a journey which cannot ,sobre un viaje que no puede be otherwise performed hacerse sino en litera1 en than in a litter1 or on mules4 mulas4 ,is the road very bad8 ,es muy malo el camino8 ,yes1 sir1 it is very narrow1 ,si1 seor1 es muy angosto1 rugged1 and bordered with escabroso1 la orilla de precipices4 precipicios4 ,how far is this place from 4448 ,cuanto dista este lugar de 4448 ,it is about eleven long leagues4 ,dista como unas once leguas largas4 ,shall we sleep on the road8 ,pasarmos la noche en el camino8 ,it is likely2 but there is an ,es regular2 pero ,v4 hallar inn at the foot of yonder una venta al pi de aquel mount4 ,you will find in monte4 ,en ella algunas it pretty good accommodations1 comodidades1 y las mulas with good stabling for the una buena caballeriza4 mules4 ,how many horses or mules ,cuanto caballos mulas tengo must ,i take8 que tomar8 ,two1 four1 c4 ,dos1 cuatro1 a4 ,how much are they paid by ,cuanto se les paga 7se les da7 the day8 por da8 ,you would travel more ,v4 viajaria mas comodamente yendo conveniently by going in a en litera4 litter4 ,will you do me the favor to ,querr ,v4 hacerme el favor look for a good litter1 a de buscarme una buena good litter-driver1 and good litera y procurarme1 un mules for me8 buen literero1 y mulas8 ,very willingly4 ,de muy buena gana4 ,as you will perform part ,como ,v4 har mucha parte of this journey on foot1 ,i del camino pi1 le aconsejo advise you to get a pair of que se provea de un good1 stout1 and easy boots1 buen par de botas fuertes and to take with you an y cmodas1 de su paragua1 umbrella and your greatcoat4 y de su sobretodo4 ,do you know enough of the ,sabe ,v4 lo bastante de la language of the country to lengua del pais para hablar speak with the drivers and con los litereros1 o con los the servants8 criados1 7mozos1 ,m478 ,no2 but one of the passengers ,no2 pero uno de los pasageros speaks it well4 la habla bien4 ,that is not sufficient4 ,you ,eso no basta4 ,es preciso que must be able yourself to ,v4 mismo pueda mandar order the drivers to stop1 los litereros que paren1 que to drive on a good pace1 to caminen mas priesa1 que proceed more gently1 c4 vayan con mas tiento1 a4 ,well1 ,i will learn a dozen of ,bien est2 voy aprender una phrases for that purpose4 docena de frases con ese objeto4 ,that is all you stand in need of4 ,eso es todo lo que se ha menester4 ,would you be so kind as to ,querria ,v4 tener la bondad prepare all things necessary de preparar todas las cosas for this voyage8 necesarias para m viage8 ,with all my heart4 ,de muy buena gana4 ,,dialogue ,,xviii4 ,,dialogo ,,xviii4 ,at the dinner table4 ,a la mesa or comiendo4 ,call for dinner4 ,pida ,v4 la comida4 ,it is not ready yet4 ,todavia no est pronta4 ,they have rung the bell4 ,ya han tocado la campana4 ,sit down1 ladies and gentlemen4 ,sintense ,,vv4 seoras y seores4 ,who says grace8 ,quien echa la bendicion8 ,why do you make such ceremonies8 ,porqu hace ,v4 tantas ceremonias8 ,give us some bread4 ,dnos ,v4 pan4 ,shall ,i cut you some of the ,quiere ,v4 que le d de la upper or the under crust8 corteza de encima de la de abajo8 ,as you please4 ,como ,v4 guste4 ,i thank you2 ,i shall help ,gracias2 me servir yo mismo4 myself4 ,what can ,i help you to8 ,que me permite ,v4 que le sirva8 ,will you take a little soup8 ,tomar ,v4 un poco de sopa8 ,i thank you4 ,i will trouble ,gracias4 ,tenga ,v4 la bondad you for a small piece of de darme un pedacito de vaca1 beef1 it looks very well4 que parece muy buena4 ,what part do you like best8 ,que parte le gusta ,v4 mas8 ,it is indifferent4 ,any that ,me es indiferente4 ,la que you please4 ,v4 guste4 ,do you like it well done or ,le gusta ,v4 bien cocida1 o no8 rare8 ,well done1 if you please4 ,bien cocida2 si ,v4 me hace favor4 ,rather rare1 if it is not too ,poco cocida1 si no es muy much trouble4 molesto para ,v4 ,i do not like it overdone4 ,no me gusta demasiadamente cocida4 ,have ,i helped you to what ,le he servido ,v4 se gusto8 you like8 ,i hope this piece is to your ,espero que este pedazo sea del liking4 gusto de ,v4 ,it is very good1 indeed4 ,con verdad es bonsimo4 ,what do you take with your meat8 ,que toma ,v4 con su carne8 ,shall ,i help you to some ,gusta ,v4 de que le sirva legumbres8 vegetables8 ,we have here potatoes1 cabbage1 ,aqu tenemos patatas1 7papas17 cauliflower1 peas1 turnips1 coles1 coliflor1 guisantes1 parsnips1 beets1 spinage1 c4 7chcharos17 nabos1 chirivas1 remolacha1 espinacas1 a4 ,i will thank you for some ,sirvase ,v4 darme patatas4 potatoes4 ,change my plate4 ,mde 7llvese7 ,v4 este plato4 ,bring a clean plate4 ,traiga ,v4 un plato limpio4 ,a knife and fork4 ,un cuchillo y un tenedor4 ,a spoon and a tumbler4 ,una cuchara y un vaso4 ,help yourselves4 ,srvanse ,,vv4 ,take1 without ceremony1 what ,tomen ,,vv4 sin ceremonia1 de you like best4 lo que hay4 ,will you take some roast beef8 ,tomar ,v4 un poco de asado8 ,do you like the fat1 or the ,le gusta ,v4 el gordo1 el lean8 magro8 ,i am not very fond of fat4 ,no me gusta mucho el gordo4 ,give me some of the lean1 if ,dme ,v4 un poco de magro1 si ,v4 you please4 me hace el favor4 ,take this to ,mr4 or ,mrs41 c4 ,lleve ,v4 este plato al caballero1 or al ,seor ,n41 or la ,seora ,n4 ,this is for the young lady4 ,este es para la ,seorita4 ,how do you like the roast beef8 ,como le gusta ,v4 el asado8 ,it is delicious--excellent4 ,es delicioso--excelente4 ,i am very glad it is to your ,me alegro mucho que est del taste4 gusto de ,v4 ,you have no juice4 ,v4 no tiene caldo1 or salsa4 ,i have plenty1 ,i thank you4 ,tengo bastante1 muchas gracias4 ,have the goodness to pass ,tenga ,v4 la bondad de pasarme the saltcellar4 el salero4 ,now ,i will send you some of ,ahora voy enviarle ,v4 this fowl4 ,which do you una piececita de este pollo4 like best--a wing1 a leg1 or ,que prefiere ,v41 el alon1 the white meat8 la pierna1 la pechuga8 ,i thank you4 ,i would prefer ,gracias4 ,preferiria un bocadito a small piece of salmon4 de salmon4 ,pray1 taste some of this pie4 ,hgame ,v4 favor de probar este pastel4 ,you drink nothing4 ,parece que ,v4 no bebe4 ,permit me to pour you out ,permtame ,v4 que le ofrezca some ,madeira4 una copita de ,madera4 ,you have some wine beside you4 ,ah tiene ,v4 vino su lado4 ,help yourself to what you ,srvase ,v4 como guste4 like best4 ,i drink nothing but cool water4 ,yo no bebo mas que agua fra4 ,what will you take of the ,que tomar ,v4 de los postres8 dessert8 ,here are pears1 oranges1 ,aqu tiene ,v4 peras1 naranjas1 grapes1 c41 preserves1 jellies4 uvas1 a41 conservas1 jalas4 ,i thank you2 ,i have eaten ,gracias2 he comido bastante4 enough4 ,will you take some coffee8 ,tomar ,v4 un poco de caf8 ,with pleasure4 ,con mucho gusto4 ,,part ,,iv4 ,,models ,,of ,,commercial ,,letters1 c4 ,modelos de ,cartas de ,comercio1 a4 ,,first ,,letter4--,carta primera4 ,new ,york1 ,march #ae1 #ahdi4 ,sr4 ,don#bj ,anselmo ,bravo1 ,nueva ,york1 #ae de ,mr4 ,anselmo ,bravo1 ,marzo de #ahdi4 ,sir3 ,having established in ,muy ,seor mio3#ba ,habiendo this city a mercantile house establecido en esta ciudad under my own name1 ,i beg leave una casa de comercio bajo mi to offer you my services1 propio nombre1 suplico ,v4 particularly as a commission me permita ofrecerle mis merchant4 7,or any other kind servicios1 particularmente como of business47 comisionista4 7,u otra clase de negocios47 ,a sufficient capital1 a ,un caudal suficiente1 respectable credit1 and the un crdito respetable y el requesite knowledge of business1 conocimiento necesario de los enable me to serve my friends negocios1 me ponen en estado in the most satisfactory manner2 de servir mis amigos de la and ,i am happy to add that manera mas satisfactoria1 ,mr4 ,cndido ,delgado1 of teniendoel gusto de aadir que your city1 merchant1 has permitted el ,seor ,don ,cndido ,delgado1 me to refer to him for any de ese comercio me ha permitido information on the subject4 referirme su informe1 siempre que se requiera alguno sobre ,i have the honor to be1 with el particular4 the utmost respect1 ,tengo#bb el honor de ser de ,your most ob't servant1 ,v4 con el mayor respeto su muy atento seguro servidor1 ,,eligio ,,fuente4 ,q4 ,b4 ,s4 ,m4 ,,eligio ,,fuente4 #bj ,,don being a distinction of nobility1 is omitted in the new republics2 they address thus1 ,seor ,anselmo ,bravo4 ,it will be better for foreigners to observe the style used by persons to whom the letters are addressed1 and imitate it4 #ba ,letters1 particularly on business1 generally begin with these words ,muy ,seor mio2 which1 according to circumstances1 may be changed into ,muy ,seores mios1 ,muy ,seor nuestro1 ,muy ,seores nuestros4 ,persons mutually acquainted frequently begin their letters thus3 ,muy ,seor mio1 y amigo1 or estimado amigo1 or ,muy ,seor mio y de todo mi aprecio2 ,my dear ,sir1 and friend1 or esteemed friend1 or valued friend4 #bb ,letters are also ended thus3 ,dios guarde ,v4 7or la vida de ,v47 los ms4 as4 7muchos aos7 que desea ,s4 ,s4 ,s4 7su seguro servidor7 ,q4 ,b4 ,s4 ,m4 7que besa sus manos47 ,also1 ,soy de ,v4 muy atento servidor ,q4 ,b4 ,s4 ,m4 or ,quedo de ,v4 su muy afecto servidor1 ,q4 ,b4 ,s4 ,m4 ,,second ,,letter4--,carta segunda4 ,havana 444 #ahdi4 ,sr4 ,don ,a4 ,b4 ,mr4 ,a4 ,b41 ,habana1 y 444 de #ahdi4 ,,sir3 ,under the protection ,muy ,seor mio4 ,bajo los of our common friend 444 ,i auspicios de nuestro comun take the liberty to send1 on amigo 444 me tomo la libertad my own account and risk and de remitir de mi cuenta to your consignment1 one hundred y riesgo1 y la consignacion and fifty boxes white sugar1 de ,v4 ciento y cincuenta cajas and twenty-two bags containing de azcar blanco1 y veintidos coffee of superior quality1 which sacos de caf de superior ,i have this day shipped on board calidad1 que he embarcado the ,american ship ,anastasia1 bordo de la fragata ,americana ,a4 ,smith1 captain1 as per the ,anastasia1 su capitan ,a4 ,smith inclosed invoice and bill of como lo prueban la factura y lading4 conocimiento incluso4 ,the ship is new1 and her ,el barco es nuevo1 el capitan captain a very intelligent and muy inteligente y experimentado1 experienced seaman1 and he is y deber darse la vela el #i to sail on the #ith instant del corriente sin falta4 precisely4 ,this information will be ,estas noticias sern suficientes sufficient for the insurance of para proceder al seguro de dichos said articles1 which ,i beg you artculos1 que suplico ,v4 se to have made immediately1 sirva hacer inmediatamente1 con together with the addition of mas un #be por ciento de ganancias #be per cent4 for imaginary imaginarias4 profits4 ,should this first essay prove ,si este primer ensayo tuviere as successful as ,i wish1 ,i will el buen xito que deseo continuar apply to you in all the business valindome del favor de ,v4 para ,i may have in your place1 and cuanto me ocurra en esa1 induce my friends to do the same4 inducir mis amigos que hagan lo mismo4 ,wishing you the greatest ,deseando ,v4 la mayor prosperity1 ,i beg leave to offer prosperidad1 me ofrezco sus you my services1 and am rdenes y soy con el mayor ,very respectfully1 respeto1 ,sir1 ,s4 ,s4 ,s4 ,your most ob't servant1 ,q4 ,b4 ,s4 ,m4 ,e4 ,f4 ,e4 ,f4 ,an invoice of one hundred ,factura de ciento y cincuenta and fifty boxes white sugar1 cajas de azucar blanco1 y and twenty-two bags superior veintidos sacos de caf superior1 coffee1 which ,i1 the undersigned1 que yo1 el infraescrito he have shipped on my own account embarcado de mi cuenta y riesgo1 and risk1 on board the ,american bordo de la fragata ,americana ship ,anastasia1 ,captain ,a4 ,smith1 ,anastasia1 su capitan ,a4 ,smith1 bound to ,new ,york1 consigned to con destino ,nueva ,york1 la ,don ,a4 ,b4 of that city1 merchant4 consignacion de ,don ,a4 ,b de aquel comercio4 cwt4 qrs4 lbs4 qtls4 arrb4 lb4 ,n4#a to ,n4#a4 #ag #c #aa ,n4#a ,n4#a4 #ag #c #aa #aej ,n4#b4 #af #b #ag #aej ,n4#b4 #af #b #ag ,a4,f4 c4 c4 ---- ,a4,f4 a4 a4 ---- ,n4#a to ,n4#a4 #d #c #i ,n4#a ,n4#a4 #d #c #i #bb ,n4#b4 #d #c #ba #bb ,n4#b4 #d #c #ba ,a4,f4 c4 c4 ---- ,a4,f4 a4 a4 ---- ,expenses ,gastos ---- ---- ,e4 ,e4 ,total ,s4 ,y4 ,o4 ,total ---- ---- ,havana 444 #ahdi4 ,habana 444 #ahdi4 ,e4 ,f4 ,e4 ,f4 ,,third ,,letter4--,carta tercera4 ,new ,york 444 #ahdi4 ,sr4 ,dn4 ,e4 ,f4 ,mr4 ,e4 ,f41 ,nueva ,york 444 #ahdi4 ,,sir3 ,i have the pleasure ,muy ,seor mio3 ,tengo el to inform you1 that the ,anastasia gusto de informar ,v4 que arrived safely at this la ,anastasia lleg felizmente port the day before yesterday1 este puerto el dia ntes de and that your sugar and ayer1 y que el azcar y caf coffee are already in my store4 de ,v4 estan ya en mi almacen4 ,i hope soon to wait on you ,espero pasar ,v4 dentro de with their account-sale1 and poco su cuenta de venta1 y a at prices which ,i have no precios que no dudo merezcan doubt will be satisfactory3 su aprobacion3 en el entretanto in the mean while ,i remain quedo sus rdenes very respectfully1 con el mayor respeto1 y soy ,sir1 su muy afecto servidor1 ,your most affect'e serv't1 ,q4 ,b4 ,s4 ,m4 ,a4 ,b4 ,a4 ,b4 ,,fourth ,,letter4--,carta cuarta4 ,new ,york 444 #ahdi4 ,sr4 ,dn4 ,e4 ,f41 ,mr4 ,e4 ,f41 ,nueva ,york 444 #ahdi4 ,,sir3 ,i have just received ,muy ,seor mio3 ,acabo de a letter from ,captain ,a4 recibir una carta de ,sr4 ,a4 ,smith1 of the ,anastasia1 dated ,smith1 capitan de la ,anastasia1 ,savannah on the 444 instant1 fecha el 444 del corriente1 informing me that he en ,savannah1 en la que me informa has been obliged to enter said haberse visto obligado entrar de port in distress1 in order to arribada en aquel puerto para repair the damages sustained reparar los daos causados by said vessel1 in consequence dicho barco por el recio temporal of the severe gale experienced experimentado en su travesia4 ,el during her passage4 ,he supposes supone que el cargamento est the cargo to be damaged4 averiado4 ,in order to secure your ,a fin de poner en salvo los interests1 ,i have made a protest intereses de ,v4 he hecho la in your name2 which1 together with correspondiente protesta en su all the necessary documents1 ,i nombre1 la cual1 con los demas have presented to the underwriters1 documentos necesarios he and in due time ,i will inform you presentado los aseguradores1 of the results4 y su tiempo informar ,v4 del resultado4 ,very respectfully1 c4 ,quedo de ,v41 a4 ,,letter ,,of ,,recommendation4--,carta de recomendacion4 ,n4,y4 444 #ahdi4 ,sr4 ,don ,g4 ,h41 ,mr4 ,g4 ,h41 ,n4,y4 444 de #ahdi4 ,,sir3 ,permit me to ,muy ,seor mio3 ,permtame introduce to your acquaintance ,v4 que le presente mi particular my particular friend ,mr4 ,j4 amigo1 ,don ,j4 del comercio de of this city1 merchant4 ,he esta ciudad1 que pasa esa visits your city on certain suntos de familia4 ,si este ,seor family business4 ,should he necesitare del auxilio de los stand in need of any assistance1 conocimientos de ,v4 le vivir muy you will oblige me by affording reconocido si se sirviere it to him with your usual prestrsele con su acostumbrada friendly attention4 bondad4 7,in the event of ,mr4 ,j4 7,en caso que dicho ,sr4 ,j requiringsome money1 ,i beg haya menester algun dinero1 you to supply him with any suplico ,v4 se sirva franquearle sum to the extent of two hasta la cantidad de dos mil pesos1 thousand dollars1 taking his tomando su libranza 1 mi cargo draft on me at 444 days' 444 dias vista por el importe4 sight for the amount4 ,at foot ,al pi va su firma para direccion is his signature for your de ,v47 direction47 ,i am1 dear ,sir1 ,soy de ,v4 mi estimado ,seor1 ,most affectionately yours1 su muy afecto servidor1 ,l4 ,m4 ,q4 ,b4 ,s4 ,m4 ,l4 ,m4 ,a ,,draft4--,libranza4 ,havana1 ,feb4 #i1 #ahdi4 ,habana #i de ,feb4 de #ahdi4 ,for ,dollars #efg4 ,por ,pesos #efg4 ,thirty days after sight1 you ,a treinta dias vista1 se ser will please to pay1 by this vira ,v pagar por esta sola sole bill of exchange1 to ,mr4 de cambio1 ,don 444 su 444 or order1 the sum of five rden1 la cantidad de quinientos1 hundred1 sixty-seven dollars1 sesenta y siete pesos1 que and place it to the account cargar ,v4 en cuenta 7segun of 7or to account as by a viso de7 este advice from7 your most obedient servant1 ,s4 ,s4 ,s4 ,m4 ,v4 ,m4 ,v4 ,to ,mr4 ,g4 ,p41 ,merchant1 ,a ,don ,g4 ,p4 del comercio ,philadelphia4 de ,filadelfia4 ,,endorsement4--,endoso4 ,baltimore1 ,mar4 #c1 #ahdi4 ,baltimore y ,marzo #c de #ahdi4 ,pay to the order of ,mr4 ,n4 ,n4 ,pagese la orden de ,don ,n4 ,n4 ,o4 ,s4 ,o4 ,s4 ,a ,,receipt4--,recibo4 ,received1 ,new ,york1 ,mar4 ,he recibido de ,don ,t4 ,c4 #ai1 #ahdi1 from ,mr4 ,t4 ,c4 two dos cientos y veinticinco pesos hundred and twenty-five dollars por finiquito de todas cuentas in full of all claims and hasta la fecha1 7or cuenta de demands up to this date1 mayor cantidad47 7or on account47 ,nueva ,york #ai de ,marzo de #ahdi4 ,for #bbe4 ,h4 ,l4 ,son #bbe4 ,h4 ,l4 ,a ,,note4--,esquela4 ,mr4 ,a4's compliments to ,don ,a4 ,c4 7,a4 ,c47 ,b4 ,l4 ,m4 al ,mr4 ,b4 7,mr4 and ,mrs4 ,b47 and ,sr4 ,don ,b4 7saluda al ,sr4 y la requests the favor of his ,sra4 ,b47 y le 7les7 suplica se 7their7 company on ,thursday sirva 7sirvan7 favorecerle con evening the #bast instant1 at #h su compaia la noche del ,juves #ba o'clock4 del corriente las ocho4 ,jan4 #aj4 ,enero #aj4 ,a4 if ,y4 ,p4 ,s4 ,v4 ,c4 7,an answer if you please47 7,srvase ,v4 contestar47 ,mr4 ,d4 ,f4 requests the ,don ,d4 ,f4 7el ,sr4 ,d4 ,f4 or pleasureof ,mr4 ,g4's company ,d4 ,f47 suplica al ,sr4 ,g4 le on ,wednesday evening1 the #ith haga el gusto de favorecerle instant1 at eight o'clock4 con su compaia en la noche del ,mircoles #i del corriente las ocho4 ,wednesday1 ,feb4 #b4 ,mircoles1 ,febrero #b4 ,mr4 ,b4's compliments to ,mr4 ,el ,sr4 ,b4 ,b4 ,l4 ,m4 al ,sr4 ,a4 ,a4 and is happy to accept his y acepta con gusto su atento polite invitation for convite para el ,juves #ba del ,thursday evening1 the #bast corriente4 inst4 ,enero #ab4 ,jan4 #ab4 ,mr4 ,b4's compliments to ,el ,sr4 ,b4 saluda al ,sr4 ,a4 ,mr4 ,a4 and regrets that a y siente no poder aceptar su pre-engagement does not allow atento convite por hallarse him to accept his polite comprometida de antemano invitation for the #bast inst4 para la noche del #ba4 ,jan4 #aa4 ,enero #aa4