,transcrib]'s ,note3 ,! ,li/ ( ,illu/rations 0 add$ by ,transcrib] & plac$ into ! ,public ,doma94 ,,! ,,art ,,( ,,music ,! ,art ( ,music ,a ,compreh5sive ,libr>y ( ,in=mation = ,music ,lov]s & ,musicians ,editor-9-,*ief ,,daniel ,,gregory ,,mason ,columbia ,univ]sity ,associate ,editors ,,edw>d ,b4 ,,hill ,,lel& ,,hall ,h>v>d ,univ]sity ,pa/ ,pr(essor1 ,univ4 ( ,wiscons9 ,manag+ ,editor ,c,,s> ,,sa]*+] ,mod]n ,music ,society ( ,new ,york ,9 ,f\rte5 ,volumes ,pr(usely ,illu/rat$ ,illu/ration ,,new ,,york ,,! ,,national ,,society ,,( ,,music ,illu/ration3 ,odalisque 9 #8,s*eh]azade' 7,russian ,ballet7 ,design by ,lon ,bak/ ,,! ,,art ,,( ,,music3 ,,volume ,,t5 ,! ,dance ,dep>tm5t ,editor3 ,,ivan ,,n>odny ,introduction by ,,anna ,,pavl[a ,ball]9a1 ,imp]ial ,russian ,ballet ,illu/ration ,,new ,,york ,,! ,,national ,,society ,,( ,,music ,copyright1 #aiaf1 by ,,! ,,national ,,society ,,( ,,music1 ,inc4 ,all ,rights ,res]v$ ,,! ,,dance ,,introduction #8,! gods !mselves danc$1 z ! />s dance 9 ! sky1' is a say+ ( ! anci5t ,mexicans4 #8,to dance is to take "p 9 ! cosmic control ( ! _w1' said ! anci5t ,greek philosoph]s4 #8,:at d y dance8' asks ! ,african ,bantu ( a memb] ( ano!r tribe aft] 8 greet+4 ,liv+/on said t :5 an ,african wild man danc$1 t 0 8 religion4 ,x is said t ! savages d n prea* _! religion b dance x4 ,accord+ to ! ,bible1 ! anci5t ,hebrews danc$ be=e _! ,ark ( ! ,cov5ant4 ,/4 ,basil describes ! angels danc+ 9 ,heav54 ,accord+ to ,dante1 danc+ is ! real occupation ( ! inmates ( ,heav51 ,*ri/ act+ z ! lead] ( a cele/ial ballet4 #8,danc+1' said ,lucian1 #8is z old z love4' ,dance _h a sacr$ & my/ic mean+ to ! e>ly ,*ri/ians ^u :om ! ,bible _h made a deep impression3 #8,we h pip$ unto y & ye h n danc$4' ,! s]vice ( ! ,greek ,*ur*--ev5 to-day--is = ! mo/ "p only a k9d ( sacr$ dance1 accompani$ by *ants & s++4 ,! prie/1 walk+ & ge/ur+ ) an inc5se-pan up & d[n be=e ! num]\s ikons1 kneel+1 b[+ to ! sa9ts1 p]=m+ que] cabali/ic figures ) 8 h&s 9 ! air1 & foll[+ always a c]ta9 rhy?m1 is ess5tially a danc]4 ,x is said t danc+ ( a simil> k9d 0 p]=m$ 9 ! ,engli% ca!drals until ! f\rte5? c5tury4 ,9 ,france ! prie/s danc$ 9 ! *oir at ! ,ea/] ,mass up to ! sev5? c5tury4 ,9 ,spa9 simil> religi\s danc+ took deepe/ root & fl\ri%$ longe/4 ,9 ! ,ca!drals ( ,seville1 ,tol$o1 ,val5cia & ,x]es ! danc+ survives & is ! feature at a few special fe/ivals4 #8,! ,am]ican ,indian tribes seem to h _h _! own religi\s dances1 v>i$ & elaborate1 (t5 ) a ri*ness ( mean+ :i* ! pati5t /udy ( ! mod]n inve/igators has b sl[ly reveal$1' writes ,havelock ,ellis4 ,x is a well-kn[n fact t danc+ 9 anci5t ,egypt & ,greece 0 an art t 0 practic$ 9 _! temples4 #8,a good education1' wrote ,plato1 #8consi/s 9 kn[+ h[ to s+ well & h[ to dance well4' ,accord+ to ,plut>*1 ,hel5 ( ,sp>ta 0 practic+ ! ,dance ( ,innoc5ce 9 ! ,temple ( ,artemis :5 %e 0 surpris$ & c>ri$ away by ,!seus4 ,we are told by ,greek classics t "y maid5s p]=m$ dances be=e ! alt>s ( v>i\s goddesses1 consi/+ ( #8grave /eps & graceful1 mode/ attitudes belong+ to t ord] ( *oric movem5t call$ emmeleia4' ,! anci5t ,egyptian ,a/ronomic ,dance c be consid]$ ! sublime/ ( all dances2 "h1 by regulat$ figures1 /eps1 & movem5ts1 ! ord] & h>moni\s motion ( ! cele/ial bodies 0 repres5t$ to ! music ( ! flute1 lyre & syr9x4 ,plato alludes to ?is dance z #8a div9e in/itution4' ,9 spite ( ! high /atus ( danc+ 9 ! anci5t civilizations1 x has n progress$ /eadily1 z h ! o!r arts4 ,x has rema9$ ! lea/ sy/ematiz$ & lea/ respect$ ( arts1 g5]ally consid]$ z lack+ 9 s]i\sness ( int5tion1 fitness to express grave emotions1 & p[] to t\* ! heights & dep?s ( ! intellect4 ,be+ an art t expresses itself fir/ 9 ! human body1 ! dance has ar\s$ reprobation 9 c]ta9 pi\s1 puritanical m9ds ( m$ival type1 :o h consid]$ x a collection ( #8immode/ & dissolute movem5ts by :i* ! cupidity ( ! fle% is ar\s$4' ,x is ?is p>ticul> view t has damn$ dance ) bell1 book & c&le4 ,! ma9 reason = ?is has be5 ! ho/ile attitude ( ! *ur* to all folk-arts :i* manife/$ a m or less conspicu\s e?nographic individuality--t is1 7 /amp$ z ( ,pagan & n ,*ri/ian orig94 ,all folk-danc+1 broadly speak+1 is a natural =m ( /hetic c\rt%ip4 ,! male int5ds to w9 ! female by 8 beauty1 grace & vigor1 or vice v]sa4 ,f ! po9t ( view ( sexual selection we c und]/&1 on ! "o h&1 ! imm5se ardor ) :i* e s5su\s "p ( ! human body has be5 br\ght into ! play ( ! dance1 &1 on ! o!r1 ! argum5ts ( ! pseudo-morali/s to classify x ) ! frivol\s & lea/ tol]at$ arts4 ,! /amp ( frivolity1 put ^u ! dance by ! ,*ri/ian cl]gy1 has ret>d$ its natural developm5t = sev]al c5turies4 ,italy & ,g]many1 hav+ be5 ! cradles ( all mod]n music & /age arts1 h giv5 little inspiration to a sy/ematic developm5t ( ! art ( danc+4 ,! sev5te5?1 eighte5? & n9ete5? c5turies1 t h meant s mu* to ! p]fection ( ! op]a1 vocal & or*e/ra te*nique1 gave no?+ ( any significance to *oreography4 ,! *ur* t tol]at$ ,ba*1 ,pasiello1 ,haydn1 ,moz>t & ,bee?ov51 put an op5 ban ^u ev]y?+ t _h any relation to ! dance4 ,! great musical classics ( ! pa/ c5turies h treat$ dance z an insignificant side issue1 !reby putt+ a label ( inf]iority ^u ?is l(tie/ ( arts4 ,all ! dance music ( ! great classics s\nds nave & lack+ 9 *oreographic images4 ,yet dance & music are l light & %ad[1 ea* dep5d+ ^u ! o!r4 ,z canvas is to a pa9t]1 s is music to a danc] ! ess5tial elem5t ^u :i* he c draw 8 picture4 ,! fact t ! art ( danc+ has n evolv$ into its normal /ate ( equality ) ! o!r arts1 is :olly due to ! lack ( musical lead]%ip4 ,nei!r ! re=ms ( ,nov]re nor ^? ( ,fok9e nor ,m>ius ,petipa c be ( fundam5tal value if !y lack ! phonetic designs :i* alone a *oreographic arti/ c trans=m into pla/ic ev5ts4 ,ess5tially1 & /hetically speak+1 danc+ %\ld be ! elem5tal expression alike ( symbolic religion & love1 z x us$ to be f ! e>lie/ human times4 ,danc+ & ar*itecture are ! two prim>y & pla/ic arts3 ! "o 9 ,"t1 ! o!r 9 ,space2 ! "o express+ ! s\l directly ?r\gh ! m$ium ( ! human body1 ! o!r giv+ only an outl9e ( ! s\l ?r\gh ! m$ium ( fossiliz$ =ms4 ,! orig9 ( ^! two arts is e>li] ?an man himself4 ,bo? require ma!matics1 ! "o rhy?mically1 ! o!r symmetrically4 ,= danc+ ! ma!matical =ms are to be f\nd 9 music1 = ar*itecture1 9 geometry4 #8,! significance ( danc+1 9 ! wide s5se1 ?us lies 9 ! fact t x is simply an intimate concrete appeal ( t g5]al rhy?m :i* m>ks all ! physical & spiritual manife/ations ( life1' writes ,havelock ,ellis4 #8,! art ( danc+ moreov] is intimately entw9$ ) all human traditions ( w>1 ( labor1 ( pleasure1 ( education1 :ile "s ( ! wise/ philosoph]s & anci5t civilizations h reg>d$ ! dance z ! patt]n 9 accordance ) :i* ! moral life ( man mu/ be wov54 ,to realize !re=e :at dance means = mank9d--! poignancy & ! _m-sid$ness ( its appeal--we mu/ survey ! :ole sweep ( human life1 bo? at its highe/ & at its deepe/ mom5ts4' ,,anna ,,pavl[a4 ,,cont5ts ,,( ,,volume ,,t5 ,,page ,,introduction ,,by ,,anna ,,pavl[a vii ,,*apt] ,i4 ,,! ,,psy*ology ,,( ,,danc+ #a /hetic basis ( ! dance2 national "* express$ 9 dances2 #8survival value' ( danc+2 primitive dance & sexual selection2 pr(essionalism 9 danc+--,music & ! dance2 religion & ! dance2 hi/oric analysis ( folk-danc+ & ballet4 ,,ii4 ,,danc+ ,,9 ,,anci5t ,,egypt #ab ,e>lie/ ,egyptian records ( danc+2 hi]oglyphic evid5ce2 ! ,a/ral dance2 ,egyptian c\rt & temple rituals2 fe/ival ( ! ,sacr$ ,bull--,music ( ! ,egyptian dances2 ,egyptian dance te*nique2 po9ts ( simil>ity betwe5 ,egyptian & mod]n danc+2 ,hawasis & ,almeiis2 ! ,gravey>d ,dance2 mod]n imitations4 ,,iii4 ,,danc+ ,,9 ,,india #bd ,lack ( art s5se among ! ,h9doos2 danc+ & ! ,brahm9 religion2 ! ,aps>azases1 ,bayad]es & ,devadazis2 ,h9doo music & ! dance2 danc+ 9 mod]n ,india2 ,fakir dances2 philosophic symbolism ( ! ,indian dance4 ,,iv4 ,,dances ,,( ,,! ,,*9ese1 ,,! ,,japanese ,,& ,,! ,,am]ican ,,indians #cj ,influ5ce ( ! ,*9ese moral tea*+s2 g5]al *>act]i/ics ( ,*9ese danc+2 c\rt & social dances ( anci5t ,*9a2 ,yu-,vang's #8hi/orical ballet'2 mod]n ,*9ese danc+2 danc+ ,m&>9s2 mod]n imitations2 ! ,lant]n ,fe/ival--,japan3 ! leg5d ( ,amat]asu2 emotional v>iety ( ! ,japanese dance2 pantomime & mimicry2 g5]al *>act]i/ics & classification ( ,japanese dances--,! ,am]ican ,indians3 ,! ,dream dance2 ! ,gho/ dance2 ! ,snake dance4 ,v4 ,,dances ,,( ,,! ,,hebrews ,,& ,,arabs #dc ,biblical allusions2 sacr$ dances2 ! ,salome episode & its mod]n influ5ce--,! ,arabs2 ,moori% floresc5ce 9 ! ,middle ,ages2 *>act]i/ics ( ! ,moori% dances2 ! dance 9 daily life2 ! h>em1 ! ,dance ( ,greet+2 pictorial quality ( ! ,arab dances4 ,,vi4 ,,danc+ ,,9 ,,anci5t ,,greece #eb ,hom]ic te/imony2 importance ( ! dance 9 ,greek life2 ,x5ophon's description2 ,greek religion & ! dance2 ,t]psi*ore--,danc+ ( y\?s1 educational value2 ,greek dance music2 ,hypor*ema & ,saltation2 ,gymnopdia2 ! ,pyrrhic dance2 ! ,dipoda & ! ,babasis2 ! ,emmeleia2 ,! ,cordax2 ! ,hormos--,greek !atres2 comp>ison ( p]iods2 ! ,eleus9ian my/]ies2 ! ,dionysian my/]ies2 ! ,het]2 te*nique4 ,,vii4 ,,danc+ ,,9 ,,! ,,roman ,,empire #gb /hetic subs]vi5ce to ,greece2 ,pylades & ,ba?yllus2 ! ,bellicrepa saltatio2 ! ,ludiones2 ! ,roman pantomime2 ! ,lup]calia & ,floralia2 ,bac*antic orgies2 ! ,augu/9ian age2 importations f ,cadiz2 fam\s danc]s4 ,,viii4 ,,danc+ ,,9 ,,! ,,middle ,,ages #gh ,! m$ival eclipse2 ecclesia/ical danc+ 9 ,spa92 ! /roll+ ballets ( ,spa9 & ,italy2 suppression ( danc+ by ! *ur*2 dances ( ! m$ival nobility2 ,r5aissance c\rt ballets2 ! ,engli% masques2 fam\s masques ( ! sev5te5? c5tury4 ,,ix4 ,,! ,,gr& ,,ballet ,,( ,,france #hf ,l\is ,,xiv & ! ballet2 ! ,pavane & ! ,c\rante2 re=ms "u ,l\is ,,xv2 ,nov]re & ! ballet d'action2 ,augu/e ,ve/ris & o!rs2 fam\s ballets ( ! p]iod--! ,revolution & ! ,consulate2 ! ,fr5* te*nique1 ! f\ndation ( #8*oreographic gramm>'2 ! #8five positions'2 ! ballet /eps--,fam\s danseuses2 ,sall1 ,cam>go2 ,madele9e ,guim>d2 ,all>d4 ,x4 ,,! ,,folk-,,dances ,,( ,,europe #ajd ,! rise ( nationalism--,! ,spani% folk-dances3 ! ,f&ango2 ! ,jota2 ! ,bol]o2 ! ,seguidilla2 o!r ,spani% folk-dances2 g5]al *>act]i/ics2 co/umes--,engl&3 ! ,morris dance2 ! ,c\ntry dance2 ! ,sword dance2 ! ,horn dance--,scotl&3 ,scot* ,reel1 ,hornpipe1 etc4--,irel&3 ! ,jig2 ,briti% social dances--,france3 ,rondo1 ,b\rre & ,f>&ole--,italy3 ! ,t>antella1 etc4--,hung>y3 ! ,cz>das1 ,szolo & relat$ dances2 ! ,e/honians--,g]many3 ! ,fackeltanz1 etc4--,f9l&2 ,sc&9avia & ,holl&--,! ,li?uanians1 ,poles & ,s\!rn ,slavs2 ! ,r\manians & ,arm5ians--,! ,russians3 ballad dances2 ! ,kasat*y & ,kam>i5skaya2 conclusion4 ,,xi4 ,,! ,,celebrat$ ,,social ,,dances ,,( ,,! ,,pa/ #add ,! ,pavane & ! ,c\rante2 ! ,allem&e & ! ,s>ab&e2 ! ,m9uet & ! ,gavotte2 ! ,rigaudon & o!r dances--,! ,waltz4 ,,xii4 ,,! ,,classic ,,ballet ,,( ,,! ,,n9ete5? ,,c5tury #aea ,aims & t5d5cies ( ! n9ete5? c5tury--,m>ia ,taglioni--,fanny ,elssl]--,c>lotta ,grisi & ,fanny ,c]ito2 decad5ce ( ! classic ballet4 ,,xiii4 ,,! ,,ballet ,,9 ,,sc&9avia #afa ,! ,dani% ballet & ,b\moville's re=m2 ,lucile ,grahn1 ,augu/a ,niels51 etc4--,mrs4 ,elna ,jrg5-,j5s52 ,adel9e ,g5e2 ! mission ( ! ,dani% ballet4 ,,xiv4 ,,! ,,russian ,,ballet #agj ,nationalism ( ! ,russian ballet2 p$agogic pr9ciples ( ! ,russian s*ool2 ,fr5* & ,russian s*ools comp>$-- ,begut*eff & ,o/r[sky2 hi/ory ( ! ,russian ballet--,didelot & ! ,imp]ial ballet s*ool2 ,petipa & 8 re=ms--,ts*aik[sky's #8,sn[-,maid5' & o!r ballets2 ,pavl[a & o!r fam\s ball]9as2 ,mordk92 ,vol991 ,kya%t1 ,lopokova4 ,,xv4 ,,! ,,era ,,( ,,deg5]ation #ahi ,n9ete5?-c5tury decad5ce2 s5sationalism--,loie ,full] & ! ,s]p5t9e ,dance--,l\ise ,web]1 ,lottie ,coll9s & o!rs4 ,,xvi4 ,,! ,,naturali/ic ,,s*ool ,,( ,,danc+ #aie ,! #8return to nature'2 ,isadora ,duncan--,duncan's influ5ce3 ,maud ,allan2 ,duncan's ,g]man foll[]s--,mod]n music & ! dance2 ! ,russian naturali/s2 ,glire's #8,*risis'-- ,pictorial nationalism3 ,ru? ,/4 ,d5is--,mod]n ,spani% danc]s2 ramifications ( ! naturali/ic idea4 ,,xvii4 ,,! ,,new ,,russian ,,ballet #bad ,! old ballet argum5ts pro & con--,! new movem5t3 ,diaghileff & ,fok9e2 ! adv5t ( ,diaghileff's company2 ! ballets ( ,diaghileff's company2 #8,spectre ( ! ,rose1' #8,cleopatra1' ,le ,pavilion d',armide1 #8,s*eh]ezade'-- ,nij9sky & ,k>sav9a--,/rav9sky's ballets3 #8,petr\*ka1' #8,! ,fire-,bird1' etc42 o!r ballets & arrangem5ts4 ,,xviii4 ,,! ,,eurhy?mics ,,( ,,jacques-,,dalcroze #bcd ,jacques-,dalcroze & 8 cre$2 ess5tials ( ! #8,eurhy?mic' sy/em--,body-rhy?m2 ! pla/ic expression ( musical ideas2 m]its & %ortcom+s ( ! ,dalcroze sy/em--,speculation on ! value ( ,eurhy?mics to ! dance4 ,,xix4 ,,pla/omimic ,,*oreography #bdg ,! defects ( ! new ,russian & o!r mod]n s*ools2 ! new ideals2 ,pr9ce ,volkhonsky's !ories--,lada & *oreographic symbolism--,! "q ( appropriate music4 ,,epilogue3 ,,future ,,aspects ,,( ,,! ,,dance #bfa ,,li/ ,,( ,,illu/rations ,odalisque 9 #8,s*eh]azade' 7,russian ,ballet7 ,frontispiece ,,page ,egyptian wom5 danc+ ) cymbals #ba ,greek & ,roman ,dances z ,depict$ on ,anci5t ,vases #fh ,danseuses en ,scne 7,! ,ballet7 #ajb ,! ,ball #aej ,sylphides2 a ,typical ,classic ,ballet #aef ,pavl[a #agd ,duncan #bjj ,maud ,allan #baa ,a ,pla/ic ,pantomime 7,dalcroze ,eurhy?mics7 #bde ,,! ,,dance ,,*apt] ,i ,,! ,,psy*ology ,,( ,,danc+ /hetic basis ( ! dance2 national "* express$ 9 dances2 #8survival value' ( danc+2 primitive dance & sexual selection2 pr(essionalism 9 danc+--,music & ! dance2 religion & ! dance2 hi/oric analysis ( folk-danc+ & ballet4 ,i ,e true art is a direct & imm$iate act ( life4 ,z 9 music & danc+1 s 9 life1 rhy?m is ! skeleton ( tone & movem5t & also ! basis ( exi/5ce4 ,we brea! rhy?mically & our he>t beats rhy?mically4 ,we walk1 laugh & weep rhy?mically4 ,rhy?m is ! only frame to ! mov+ mat]ial ( ! visuo-audible art4 ,:at except rhy?m c unite liv+ m5 9 ord] to conv]t !m f a *aotically mov+ cr[d into a "w ( art8 ,x 0 und\bt$ly ! innate feel+ = rhy?m t actuat$ ! primitive man to dance4 ,all exi/+ races %[ a /rong t5d5cy to dance1 z well 9 _! primitive z 9 ! m or less civiliz$ /ate4 ,! pla/ic =ms ( ! human body l5d !mselves m to an /hetic expression t conta9s ar*itecture1 sculpture1 pa9t+1 poetry1 drama & music1 ?an any?+ else 9 creation4 ,! mimic expressions ( ! face1 ! agility ( ! /eps1 ! grace ( ge/ures & poses are all natural means :i* a man c employ 9 8 dance4 ,! symmetric l9es ( ! body t are produc$ aft] ! melodic patt]ns ( ! music =m ! /hetic basis ( ! art ( danc+4 ,! ability to give a liv+ mean+ to ^! l9es is :at makes a dance beautiful & div9e4 ,al?\gh frequ5tly ! beauty ( a l9e & movem5t c be obs]v$ 9 animals & birds1 yet !re x is an unconsci\s act1 lack+ 9 t individual & subjective feel+ t we call inspiration4 ,! =emo/ elem5t 9 e dance is--! /ep4 ,/ep is also1 practically speak+1 ! fir/ movem5t ( life4 ,9 consequ5ce ( pure physical laws ea* /ep requires a new impulse & ?us divides x into two p]iods3 motion & repose4 ,! cont9uance ( ^! two rhy?mic p]iods produces ! feel+ ( symmetry & joy1 :i* 9 its turn creates ! v>i\s comb9$ movem5ts t aga9 are divid$ into v>i\s sub-motions & p>tial measures4 ,! developm5t ( /eps 9 a dance is bas$ on two pr9ciples3 ! movem5t ( ! feet1 & ! comb9$ movem5t ( ! body & h&s = grace or mimicry4 ,consequ5tly dance is no?+ b a *a9 ( bodily movem5ts t are subject$ to a c]ta9 musical rhy?m & foll[ ! emotional expressions ( ! danc]4 ,accord+ to an innate pr9ciple dance1 l spee*1 0 practic$ by ! primitive races z a m$ium ( ! mo/ vital expressions4 ,by means ( a dance ! savages express _! joy1 sorr[1 ang]1 t5d]ness & love4 ,dance has its peculi> psy*ology1 :i* v>ies accord+ to racial temp]am5t1 climate & o!r conditions4 ,?is is be/ illu/rat$ 9 ! v>i\s /yles ( ! folk-dance4 ,to ! vigor\s races ( ,nor!rn ,europe 9 _! cold & damp climate danc+ became naturally a function ( ! legs4 ,! ,sc&9avian & ,f9ni% folk-dances betray m heavy & massive motion1 :ile ^? ( ,spa91 ,hung>y & ,italy or ,france give an impression ( romantic grace1 coquetti% agility & fire4 ,! folk-dances ( ! ,cossacks are usually viol5t & acrobatic1 z is _! life4 ,en]gy or dream9ess1 fire or coolness1 & a multitude ( o!r racial qualities ass]t !mselves automatically 9 a folk-dance4 ,! li/ ( =ces t make & pres]ve a nation's dances is incomplete )\t ! addition ( ! p[]ful elem5t ( national pride1 weakness or o!r peculi>ities4 ,on ! contr>y1 9 ! ,f> ,ea/1 9 ,japan1 ,java1 ,*9a1 etc41 danc+ is exclusively a motion ( ! h&s & f+]s alone4 ,9 anci5t ,rome danc+ 0 pr$om9antly ! rhy?mic motion ( ! body1 ) vibratory or rotatory movem5ts ( brea/ or flanks4 ,! ,/oma* ,dance ( ! ,arabians betrays ! wild passion ( a nomadic des]t race4 ,accord+ to ,l\is ,rob9son1 danc+ is an innate in/9ct t has an indirect be>+ ^u ! exi/5ce ( ! human race4 ,rob9son argues t ?r\gh\t ,nature in/9cts1 l ! organs ( our bodies1 are ! product ( ! /rict laws ( evolution1 & h be5 built up to meet "s ne$4 ,at "s critical "t 9 ! pa/ !y _h a c]ta9 survival value--i4 e41 !y 7 capable ( det]m9+ 9 ! /ruggle = exi/5ce :i* individuals or tribes %\ld g "u & :i* %\ld survive4 ,?is pr9ciple c be tak5 z "o ( ! axioms :i* mu/ be our pilots 9 e attempt to acc\nt = ! faculties :i* ea* ( u br+s into ! _w1 z di/9ct f ^? acquir$ 9 ! life ( ! individual4 ,practically e savage p has elaborate dances & sp5ds a good deal ( "t 9 su* ex]cises4 ,among adults danc+ takes ! place ( ! play ( *ildr54 ,:5 we come to analyze ! play ( all "y creatures f ! hi/orical /&po9t we f9d x =ms "p ( an elaborate natural sy/em ( physical tra9+4 ,! p]petual motion ( ! kitt5 :ile x is awake is obvi\sly a tra9+ = ^? accompli%m5ts :i* 9 lat] life mean a livelihood4 ,su* a/oni%+ skill & agility z are %[n by ! cats 9 secur+ prey _c be atta9$ by any ready-made ma*9]y l t ( ! dragon-fly or ! mantis3 !y mu/ be built up & manufactur$4 ,h]e9 ! n]v\s me*anism ( ! mammalia has prevail$ ov] ! limit$ me*anical p]fection ( l[] ?+s su* z reptiles1 fi%1 & insects4 ,mo/ ( !m c d "s "o ?+ or o!r supremely well1 b ! mammalia1 ) _! bett] n]v\s sy/em & receptive bra9s1 c excel 9 _m ?+s4 ,we1 ) our great] gifts ( ! same sort1 are ! mo/ v]satile & tea*able ( all2 h5ce we prevail ov] ! re/ ( creation4 ,! kitt51 ! puppy1 & ! "y savage1 by _! cont9ual re/less & organiz$ activity1 ga9 great advantage 9 c]ta9 movem5ts necess>y 9 aft] life1 & fo/] ! gr[? ( ! p>ticul> muscles :i* lat] on w be absolutely requisite 9 ! s]i\s bus9ess ( hold+ _! place 9 ! _w4 ,obvi\sly su* in/9cts w\ld become out ( date & inappropriate %\ld ! g5]al mann] ( liv+ und]go a complete *ange4 ,h5ce we f9d t mu* ( ! play ( "y *ildr5 9 civiliz$ l&s has little or no ref]5ce to ! s]i\s life :i* comes aft]w>ds4 ,su* in/9cts1 h[ev]1 7 develop$ dur+ or be=e ! long /ret* ( "t ( ! ,/one ,age1 :5 all m5 play$ hide & seek1 & *as$ "o ano!r1 & ?rew ?+s1 & ran1 & jump$1 & wre/l$ = exactly ! same reason t makes u scan comm]cial articles1 att5d m>kets1 & "w 9 our /udies or (fices4 ,:at is obs]vable 9 any nurs]y or playgr\nd af=ds a good illu/ration ( ! p]si/5ce ( in/9cts long aft] ! ne$ :i* creat$ !m has pass$ away4 ,= "s reason ! play in/9ct 9 mo/ creatures t5ds to lapse at ! "t ( full bodily maturity4 ,x does n cease entirely1 b app>5tly x no long] suffices z an inc5tive = ! battle ( life4 ,man 9 ! savage /ate is naturally lazy & does n l to ex]t himself :5 food comes easily4 ,:5 no urg5t ne$ or human au?ority is pu%+ him1 he pref]s to eat to repletion & !n to lie 9 ! sun or loaf4 ,we ev5 f9d ?is primitive habit cropp+ up 9 /r5u\s l&s :]e ! /imulus ( moral education & competition has be5 at "w = g5]ations4 ,we are all aw>e t1 :5 we are lazy = any l5g? ( "t1 we get slack & s(t4 ,! primitive savage :o lives by hunt+ & is 9 cont9ual dang] ( raids f 8 neighbors1 _c af=d to get slack4 ,he mu/ keep himself fit e day ( life4 ,h[ 0 ?is to be manag$ by our prehi/oric =efa!rs :5 !re 0 no fight+1 ) ! wea!r s(t1 & a delici\s fi% easily to be caught q ne> ! dwell+8 ,x is pretty safe to say t1 ow+ to ! want ( condition--if !y 7 n danc+ tribes--!y did n leave desc5dants :i* are among u 9 ! tw5tie? c5tury4 ,x seems /range h[ readily a gr\p ( negroes :o are app>5tly exhau/$ aft] a long day's "w w jo9 9 dance ) _! fell[s1 & h[1 :5 n v tir$1 !y w 9 _! lazie/ mom5ts spr+ up & take vigor\s ex]cise ( ?is k9d4 ,e doctor w tell y t !re are pl5ty ( wom5 to-day :o h n ! /r5g? nor ! en]gy to d any "w or to walk a c\ple ( miles1 b :o w dance f ev5+ till morn+ )\t %[+ any great fatigue4 ,among su* ,pagans z ! ,zulus & ,masai1 :o organize !mselves = w> almo/ z well z has ev] be5 done by ! mo/ civiliz$ ,*ri/ians1 !re is practically no di/9ction betwe5 milit>y ex]cises & danc+4 ,?is is pro( en\gh to %[ t danc+ _h a survival value ?r\gh\t ! long /ret* ( ! ,/one ,age4 ,danc+ taught primitive m5 to move 9 compact bodies )\t confusion1 & especially )\t gett+ s bun*$ toge!r t !y c\ld n use _! weapons4 ,to-day ! true w>-dance only p]si/s among u 9 ! =m ( milit>y m>*+s1 b ! o!r primitive dances h left num]\s desc5dants ( all k9ds & degrees1 d[n to ! mod]n tango4 ,among ^! non-milit>y dances ! survival value1 ap>t f ! heal?y ex]cise :i* !y provid$ & _! g5]al discipl9>y effects1 work$ ?r\gh ! ag5cy ( sexual selection4 ,9 ! case ( ! primitive dances ! work+ ( sexual selection 0 b5eficial z conducive to racial fitness4 ,! dances 9 :i* wom5 took "p gave opportunity = appraisem5t ( exactly ! k9d ne$$ = a s\nd *oice ( mates "u savage conditions4 ,x af=d$ ! *ance1 s lack+ 9 our pres5t civilization1 ( adv]tis+ any admirable qualities :i* might be possess$4 ,x 0 a te/ n only ( physical grace & p]fection1 b ( activity1 ta/e & temp]4 ,x contribut$ to hone/ matrimonial deal+--especially :5 danc$ 9 ! approv$ ballroom co/umes ( savage times4 ,!re h be5 _m discussions z to :y clo!s 7 fir/ worn--:e!r = ornam5t1 w>m?1 or dec5cy--b "o may fairly say )\t any d\bt :atev] t1 f ! fir/ ages until n[1 dance clo?+ has be5 ma9ly decorative4 ,"h we f9d an e?ical ju/ification ( matt]s connect$ ) danc+ dress1 :i* has (t5 provok$ sev]e criticism among puritans4 ,)\t a d\bt f ! e>lie/ times until n[ ! dance has be5 a *ief purify+ ag5t 9 ! m>riage m>ket--has play$ ! "p1 9 fact1 ( ^? m>ket inspectors appo9t$ to gu>d aga9/ adult]ation4 ,x is a mo/ extraord9>y ?+1 :5 we come to consid] man's place 9 ,nature1 t he ev] began to dance4 ,n t danc+ is uncommon 9 ,nature2 _m birds1 especially ^? ( ! crane tribe1 execute elaborate dances dur+ _! season ( c\rt%ip1 & z a m]e pa/ime :5 !y h no?+ else to d4 ,few1 if any1 ( ! mammalia appe> to indulge 9 organiz$ dances1 unless we give su* a "n to ! frisk+ ( "y lambs & ! pranc+ evolutions ( horses & antelopes4 ,assur$ly1 9 our direct l9e ( desc5t no?+ ( ! k9d c\ld h exi/$ z f> back z our k & imag9ation w c>ry u4 ,y _c v well dance 9 ! trees1 :i*1 accord+ to ,d>w91 7 ! real nurs]ies ( our species2 & :5 y come d[n to solid e>? y\r weak preh5sile l[] memb]s w\ld only make y ridicul\s & contemptible if !y attempt$ any p]=mance ( ! k9d4 ,"m ,nature1 h[ev]1 is a dame ( inf9ite v>ieties1 & seems cont9ually to be try+ ! mo/ biz>re exp]im5ts app>5tly )\t ! lea/ prompt+ or ju/ification4 ,! products ( ^! exp]im5ts are call$ #8sports1' & !re seems no limit to _! possibilities4 ,*impanzees delight 9 ?ump+ holl[ trees & knock+ pieces ( wood toge!r1 :ile x is said t ! gorilla waddles to w> to ! s\nd ( ! drum1 improvis+ a sub/itute by beat+ 8 h&s aga9/ 8 brawny *e/4 ,9 ! ,we/]n _w pr(essionalism 9 danc+ has happily n _h ! blight+ effect on ! pursuit t x seems to h _h on "s o!r =ms ( pa/ime4 ,b if we g to ! ,ea/ we f9d t practically all o!r =ms ( danc+ h ceas$ to exi/4 ,we see ! effect ( ?is t5d5cy mo/ fully develop$ 9 ,*9a1 :]e ! recreative danc+ ( ,european society seems to be q beyond ! compreh5sion ( a well-br$ ,*9ese1 :o navely asks ! "q3 #8,:y d y n pay p to dance = y8' ,/age danc+ seems to be an int]e/+ in/ance ( ! deg5]ation into pure luxury or some?+ :i* 0 at "o "t a helpful influ5ce to ! race4 ,?is is a t5d5cy obs]vable 9 _m phases ( life :5 ! pressure ( evolution>y =ces is some:at relax$4 ,mo/ ( ! luxuries p]ta9 to matt]s :i* at "o "t _h a survival value1 & x _c be said t !y h retir$ f among ! evolution>y =ces ev5 to-day2 b _! effect1 if /ill b5eficial to ! race1 lies 9 aid+ ,nature to elim9ate ! unfit4 ,,ii ,f ! e>lie/ times on danc+ has be5 dep5d5t ^u music ( "s k9d4 ,! "q :e!r music is old] ?an danc+ has n be5 answ]$ satisfactorily by academic an?ropologi/s yet4 ,h[ev]1 all s*ol>s agree t ! appe>ance ( ^! two arts mu/ h be5 m or less simultane\s1 ! "o influ5c+ ! o!r4 ,b und\bt$ly ! fir/ dance music 0 n in/rum5tal b vocal4 ,! savages to-day dance mo/ ( _! sexual dances to rhy?mic recitation ( c]ta9 words4 ,music is 9 e phase ( evolution ! only true ess5ce ( t :i* =ms ! subject ( ! dance4 ,to ! trans=mation ( m or less primitive folk-dances into ^? ( /rictly religi\s "* is due ! pr9cipal idea ( ! mod]n ballet4 ,9 ! ,ori5tal temples danc+ und]w5t a /range trans=mation4 ,:ile danc+ 0 made ! basis ( dramatic & symbolic ideas1 yet ?is v fact became detrim5tal to ! musical influ5ce ^u ! *oreography4 ,! ,egyptians1 :om we consid] ! pione]s 9 religi\s dances1 orig9at$ elaborate temple ballets1 :i* 7 bas$ m ^u a dramatic ?an a musical !me4 ,?\gh ! tradition speaks ( r\nds1 ( symbolic & sid]eal motions1 & ! in/rum5ts *iefly employ$1 z ! ,egyptian guit>1 us$ bo? by m5 & wom51 ! s+le & d\ble pipe1 ! h>p1 lyre1 & flute1 yet ess5tially ?is all resembl$ a pantomime r ?an actual dance4 ,x is v likely t all ! anci5t sacr$ dances orig9at$ ) ! subconsci\s idea ( c\nt]act+ ! s5su\s or /rictly playful influ5ce ( ! social dances4 ,! :ole p$igree ( our ,we/]n religions seems to %[ a rem>kable abs5ce ( ?is me?od ( enc\rag+ religi\s feel+4 ,! reasons :y su* manife/ations 7 disc\rag$ by ,jewi% & ,*ri/ian morali/s p]ta9s to physiology r ?an !ology4 ,z already said1 man's nature is comp\nd$ ( _m div]se elem5ts1 & ! ma*9]y ( emotion at pres5t at "w )9 u dates back to our animal pa/4 ,our mo/ ref9$ & exalt$ feel+s spr+ f ! same n]v\s res]voirs & pass ?r\gh ! v *annels :i* 7 at "o "t solely occupi$ by gross] passions4 ,! ,egyptian *ur* t grew directly ( ! folk-art ( ! c\ntry 0 a /rang] to ,greece & ,rome1 & /ill m s to our ,*ri/ian religion4 ,! e?ical ideals t actuat$ ! ,egyptian prie/s 9 introduc+ danc+ at ! alt>1 sprang directly f ! soil & meant1 9 br++ ! bett] "p ( human nature to ! top1 to act z a k9d ( sep>ator4 ,! prie/s discov]$ t ! high] emotions1 ) ! help ( sacr$ danc+1 c be put to excell5t s]vice z impulses to improv$ conduct4 ,! ,*ri/ian mission>ies1 com+ f ! ,ea/1 f\nd no?+ elevat+ & ennobl+ 9 our ,we/]n danc+1 :i* did n appeal to !m on acc\nt ( ! v diff]5ces ( ! /yle & racial "*4 ,x is due to _! opposition t ! religi\s dances h fad$ out "u ! ,we/]n civilization4 ,! w>f>e aga9/ danc+ g5]ally1 on ! "p ( ! ,apo/les ( ,*ri/ianity1 dates back to ! fanatic era ( !ological & nationali/ic diff]5ces4 ,9 all c\ntries :]e ! religion desc5ds directly f a racial folk-lore1 danc+ has rema9$ 9 high e/eem at home & 9 ! temples4 ,?is we f9d true 9 ,egypt1 ,greece1 ,india & ,*9a4 ,9 ! ,jewi% =m ( wor%ip !re seems to h be5 no =mally recogniz$ danc+1 al?\gh we h records ( sev]al displays ( ?is k9d1 z 9 ! case ( ,k+ ,david1 :51 #8clo!d 9 a l95 ephod1 he danc$ be=e ! ,ark ( ! ,"l ) all 8 might4' ,9 ,greece1 cradle ( ! arts1 ! ,muses manife/$ !mselves to man z a danc+ *oir1 l$ by ,t]psi*ore4 ,! ,romans imitat$ ! ,greeks 9 all _! arts & import$ ) ! ,greek slaves ,greek dances4 ,b ,rome 0 too b>b>ic to appreciate ! full value ( ,greece's poetic arts4 ,! solemn religi\s dance in/itut$ by ,numa & practic$ by ! ,salian prie/s soon deg5]at$ into c]emonial m>* t 0 aboli%$ :5 ,rome became ,*ri/ian1 ?r\gh a papal decree 9 #gdd4 ,d>kness ( night fell on ! developm5t ( secul> & religi\s danc+1 a d>kness t endur$ = c5turies4 ,! influ5ce ( ! ,nile 9 ,egypt & ,cadiz 9 ,spa91 :i* = c5turies _h be5 ! two great c5tres ( ! anci5t danc+ & suppli$ _! danc]s to ! ,roman pot5tates1 fad$ out sl[ly 9 ! hi/ory ( ,european nations4 ,! folk-dances 7 labell$ z l[ & undignifi$ amusem5ts ( ,pagan peasants4 ,dance 9 e =m rema9$ an outca/1 despis$ & condemn$ until ! c\rt circles ( ,italy & ,france di/ort$ x to an amusem5t at dome/ic ga!r+s & masqu]ades4 ,x is said t ! mod]n ballet _h its orig9 9 ! spectacul> masqu]ades arrang$ = ! m>riage ( ,galeazzo1 ,visconti1 ,duke ( ,milan1 9 #adhi4 ,! impression ( ?is p]=mance spread to ! ,c\rt ( ,flor5ce4 ,ca!r9e de ,m$ici1 ! ,que5 ( ,france1 br\ght ! ,italian c\rt pantomime to ,p>is1 :]e ! ,fr5* k+s & que5s grew to admire danc+ & took actual "p 9 x4 ,! attempts ( ,nov]re to elevate ! art ( danc+ to :at x _h be5 9 anci5t ,egypt & ,greece1 7 successful only ext]nally4 ,music1 ! s\l ( danc+ 9 ! mod]n s5se1 0 lack+1 & )\t ?is s\l ! art ( pla/ic =m is incomplete4 ,?\gh ! ,russian re=m]s elevat$ danc+ f a dome/ic amusem5t to a s]i\s & l(ty /age art1 !y did n succe$ :olly 9 giv+ to x ! f\ndation t x des]ves among ! o!r arts4 ,all ! pa/ & liv+ goddesses ( *oreography h n _h ! fre$om1 ! phonetic means & dramatic ?reads to ?rill _! audi5ces z !y w\ld1 if man _h n di/ort$ & hidd5 ! natural mean+ ( ! dance t inspir$ 8 b>b>ic ance/ors4 ,! philosophical conclusion ( our hi/oric analysis ( dance leads back to ! same axioms t actuat$ ! savage 9 8 practice ( agility3 ! sexual selection & primitive sport1 bo? necess>y = evolution & ! exi/5ce ( ! race4 ,h[ev]1 !re is nei!r sexual motive nor in/9ct = #8physical culture' 9 ! #8,heav5ly ,al*emy' ( evolution t has creat$ ! poetic movem5ts ( ,taglioni & h] successors4 ,! anci5t racial prop5sities h develop$ into m spiritual ideas4 ,l ! t5d5cy ( evolution g5]ally1 to univ]salize an individual & individualize ! univ]se1 s 9 dance ! racial *>act]i/ics are trans=m$ into cosmic motives4 ,9 ?is /age beauty becomes symbolic & concrete emotions take on a m & m ab/ract =m4 ,! survival value ( ! greate/ art ( ! dance lies 9 ennobl+ ! intellect & s\l1 :i* has necess>ily an indirect be>+ ^u ! physical4 ,ultimately ?is means p]fection ( ! :ole human organism4 ,x inspires ! m9d & influ5ces ! body4 ,civilization has br\ght humanity to a /ate :]e ! physical ne$s dep5d ^u ! psy*ical4 ,we h devis$ a m complicat$ =m ( sexual selection & m complicat$ means ( exi/5ce ?an ! primitive dances employ$ 9 our animal pa/4 ,beauty 9 ! long c\rse ( evolution has gr[n m spiritual1 accord+ly danc+ z an art has become an evolution>y m$ium ( ! intellect4 ,,*apt] ,,ii ,,danc+ ,,9 ,,anci5t ,,egypt ,e>lie/ ,egyptian records ( danc+2 hi]oglyphic evid5ce2 ! ,a/ral dance2 ,egyptian c\rt & temple rituals2 fe/ival ( ! ,sacr$ ,bull--,music ( ! ,egyptian dances2 ,egyptian dance te*nique2 po9ts ( simil>ity betwe5 ,egyptian & mod]n danc+2 ,hawasis & ,almeiis2 ! ,gravey>d dance2 mod]n imitations4 ,i ,long be=e ! re/ ( ! _w _h em]g$ f b>b>ism ,egypt _h rea*$ a high /ate ( civilization4 ,b ! hi/ory ( ,egyptian civilization 0 hidd5 beh9d a curta9 ( my/]ies1 until ! key to ! hi]oglyphs 0 discov]$4 ,!n1 ! impos+ pyramids op5$ sudd5ly _! seal$ lips & ! _w /ood agha/ at _! revelations4 ,! ru9s ( ,memphis & ,!bes became books ( int]e/+ read+4 ,! discov]$ inscriptions & papyri reveal$ ! high /ate ( developm5t t ! dance _h rea*$ 9 ! anci5t ,egyptian temples4 ,! fir/ danc+ 9 ,egyptian hi/ory is record$ by ,mane?o1 ! prie/ ( ,heliopolis :o liv$ 9 #ejjd ,b4 ,c41--:i* is approximately "o ?\s& ye>s be=e ! creation ( ! _w1 accord+ to ,biblical *ronology4 ,plato alludes to ,egyptian art & danc+ p]=m$ t5 ?\s& ye>s be=e 8 "t4 ,s*liemann1 ! great ar*eologi/1 ma9ta9$ t ! hi/ory ( ,egypt 0 writt5 9 v>i\s dance-phases1 z c be se5 f ! inscriptions ( _! anci5t s>cophagi & pyramids4 ,sc>ce z are ! hi]oglyphic mat]ials1 nev]!less !y reveal to u t ! ,egyptians1 dur+ ! reign ( ! ,ph>aohs1 highly admir$ ! art ( danc+4 ,mo/ ( ! ,egyptian docum5ts or inscriptions beg9 ) danc+ figures4 ,^! figures are to be f\nd 9 ! mo/ anci5t records1 :i* proves t danc+ mu/ h be5 kn[n z an art to ! ,egyptians n = hundr$s b = ?\s&s ( ye>s4 ,h]odotus1 #8! fa!r ( hi/ory1' tells u t ! dances p]=m$ to ,osiris 7 z elaborate z ! music ( a hundr$ in/rum5ts & a *orus ( ?ree hundr$ s+]s4 ,accord+ to ,diodorus1 ,h]mes gave to mank9d ! fir/ laws ( eurhy?mics4 #8,h]mes taught ! ,egyptians ! art ( graceful body movem5ts4' ,a fragm5t>y inscription ( a s>cophagus 9 ! ,museum ( ,petrograd describes t ,man]os1 #8:o conqu]$ s _m nations1 did ?is n by means ( tor* & sword b by tea*+ ! div9e art ( music & danc+4' ,! anci5t ,egyptian leg5d surr\nds ,man]os ) n9e danc+ ,muses1 :i* ! ,greeks probably copi$ f ,egypt lat]4 ,music & danc+ 7 employ$ by ! ,egyptians at home1 9 social fe/ivals1 on ! occasion ( m>riage1 bir? & dea?1 & 9 ! temples4 ,_! folk-dances 7 z gay & fi]y z ! temp]am5t ( ! race4 ,?is is be/ illu/rat$ 9 ! rec5tly discov]$ frescoes ( peasants danc+1 evid5tly aft] _! daily "w 9 ! fields4 ,be+ wor%ipp]s ( all ! cele/ial bodies1 ! ,egyptians practic$ 9 _! temples c]ta9 a/ronomical ballets4 ,x is said t ,h]mes1 ! inv5tor ( ! lyre1 produc$ f 8 in/rum5t z _m tones z !re 7 />s 9 ! sky4 ,! ?ree /r+s ( 8 lyre meant ,w9t]1 ,summ] & ,spr+4 ,?is gives an idea to :at an ext5t a/ronomy & nature figur$ 9 all _! danc+ & music4 ,! ,a/ral ,dance 0 an imitation ( ! movem5t ( ! v>i\s con/ellations4 ,9 ?is _! imag9ation knew no limit4 ,! alt>1 ar\nd :i* mo/ ( ! a/ral dances 7 p]=m$1 repres5t$ ! sun4 ,accord+ to ! descriptions ( ,plut>*1 ! danc]s made ) _! h&s ! signs ( ! zodiac 9 ! air1 :ile danc+ rhy?mically f ! ea/ to ! we/1 9 imitation ( ! movem5t ( v>i\s planets4 ,aft] e circle ! danc]s /opp$ = a few mom5ts z if petrifi$1 :i* 0 meant to repres5t ! immovability ( ! e>?4 ,by means ( comb9$ ge/ures & mimic expressions1 ! prie/s gave intelligible pantomimic /ories ( ! a/ral sy/em & ! h>mony ( et]nal motion4 ,lucian call$ ?is "o ( ! mo/ div9e inv5tions4 ,x is a pity t all ! hi]oglyphic records kn[n to u d n give any adequate explanation ( ! anci5t ,egyptian ,a/ral ,dance4 ,! descriptions left by ,greek writ]s are too g5]al & are frequ5tly incorrect4 ,v>i\s s*ol>s h made ef=ts to discov] ! my/ic mean+ ( ! dance ( ! #8,sev5 ,mov+ ,planets1' b 9 va94 ,h[ mu* ! idea ( an a/ral dance has impress$ ! ,european ballet-ma/]s is prov$ 9 t ,daub]val & ,g>del produc$ 9 ! eighte5? c5tury ballets ( ?is "*4 ,h[ev]1 9 ?is case ! p]=m]s 7 n prie/s b fanta/ically dress$ ballet danc]s :o1 repres5t+ v>i\s />s & planets1 jump$ & turn$ ar\nd ! prima ball]9a1 :o repres5t$ ! sun4 ,to :at an ext5t ! love ( pantomime & danc+ prevail$ 9 ,egypt c be judg$ f ! rec5tly made deciph]+s by ,set*e ( ! inscriptions ( ! s>cophagus ( a prime m9i/] :i* describes ! code ( an elaborate c\rt ritual4 ,! inscription tells h[ a newly-appo9t$ m9i/] %\ld meet 8 rul]4 ,he %\ld ent] ! imp]ial hall1 danc+ s t f 8 ge/ures1 poses & mim+ c\ld be read devotion1 loyalty1 *ivalry1 grace1 t5d]ness1 vigor & en]gy4 ,ph>aoh1 9 8 turn1 w\ld meet ! m9i/] ) a diff]5t sort ( dance4 ,! reception w\ld end ) ! jo9+ ( all ! c\rt function>ies1 musicians & prie/s 9 a great procession4 ,! ,egyptian cl]gy ex]cis$ a great influ5ce ^u ! p4 ,imitat+ ! c\rt ( ! ,ph>aohs1 !y surr\nd$ ! religi\s rituals ) unnecess>y secrets4 ,! m my/]i\s !y made ! c]emonies ! m !y impress$ ! p4 ,9 consequ5ce ( su* an attitude on ! "p ( ! cl]gy1 a l>ge majority ( religi\s dances grew s complicat$ 9 _! symbolic details t !y deg5]at$ into nons5se4 ,a l>ge numb] ( ! ,egyptian sacr$ dances 7 bas$ on ! cult ( ,isis & ,osiris1 ! "o a fem99e1 ! o!r a mascul9e div9ity4 ,?is gave ! fundam5tal idea ( ma9ta9+ a l>ge numb] ( ! s-call$ #8sacr$' c\rtesans1 :o took an active "p 9 mo/ ( ! temple dances4 ,h]odotus tells u t ! pres5ce ( ^! #8sacr$' c\rtesans 9 ! ,egyptian temple c]emonies dur+ ! la/ ,dyna/ies is responsible = ! d[nfall ( ?is anci5t civilization4 ,mo/ ( ! ,egyptian temple dances 7 p]=m$ by m5 & wom5 alike4 ,on ! o!r h&1 !re exi/$ special fem99e & /rictly mascul9e ballets4 ,( ! fem99e dances1 ! mo/ kn[n is ! dance :i* 0 p]=m$ dur+ ! celebrat$ sacrificial fe/ival ( ! sacr$ bull ,apis4 ,aft] ! black bull on ^: back grew naturally ! figure ( a :ite eagle 0 f\nd1 =ty temple maid5s 7 select$ to fe$ x =ty days on ! %ores ( ! ,nile4 ,all ?is "t ! maid5s _h to practice ! great ballet t !y 7 to p]=m !reaft]4 ,! ,fe/ival ( ! ,sacr$ ,bull 0 op5$ ) a solemn dance ( ! prie/s 9 ! temple ( ,osiris at ,memphis4 ,!n ! bull 0 c>ri$ ?r\gh ! city by ! maid5s 9 a spectacul> procession1 accompani$ by s++ & danc+4 ,:5 ! bull 0 br\ght be=e ! huge /atue ( ,osiris ! real ballet 0 p]=m$ by prie/s & maid5s toge!r4 ,! ballet1 :i* la/$ = half a day1 0 op5$ ) a sl[ introduction 9 m>* =m4 ,9 ?is ! danc]s p]sonifi$ ! bir? process ( div9ities1 p>ticul>ly ( ,osiris4 ,9 ! second movem5t1 :i* probably resembl$ a mod]n allegro en]gico1 7 depict$ ! y\? & romantic adv5tures ( ,osiris ) ! goddess ,isis4 ,prie/s 9 fanta/ic co/umes repres5t$ ,osiris & 8 w>riors1 :ile ! maid5s play$ ! rle ( ,isis & h] companions4 ,! la/ movem5t ( ! ballet clos$ ) a fe/ival f9ale1 :i* meant ! victory ( ,osiris 9 conqu]+ ,india4 ,:5 ! sacr$ bull 0 dr[n$ 9 ! ,nile a viol5t fun]al ballet 0 p]=m$ by ! prie/s4 ,z ! rec5tly discov]$ bas-reliefs illu/rate1 ! danc+ prie/s wore co/umes consi/+ ( a yell[ tunic & r\nd caps4 ,:ile "s ( ! ,egyptologues ma9ta9 t danc+ 0 p]=m$ only on special occasions su* z ! above1 o!rs are ( ! op9ion t e ,egyptian temple s]vice conta9$ "s k9d ( dance4 ,h[ev]1 ! hi]oglyphic inscriptions ( v>i\s p]iods prove t !re 7 hundr$s ( diff]5t temple dances4 ,( p>ticul> int]e/ is ! rec5tly discov]$ #8,dance ( ,f\r ,dim5sions1' :i* 0 p]=m$ 9 ! temple ( ,isis4 ,9 ?is bo? prie/s & prie/esses p>ticipat$4 ,x diff]$ f ! o!r dances 9 t ! danc]s c>ri$ along _! musical in/rum5ts4 ,,ii ,s9ce ! art ( danc+ _h rea*$ su* a high degree ( culture 9 ,egypt x is evid5t t ! p mu/ h possess$ a highly develop$ =m ( music4 ,?\gh musical hi/ory d5ies ! fact t h>mony 0 kn[n to ! anci5t civilization1 yet ! rec5t ar*eologic discov]ies & hi]oglyphic deciph]+s speak eloqu5tly ( ! use ( v>i\s in/rum5ts 9 a k9d ( or*e/ra1 & !re are frequ5t allusions to temple *oirs ( a hundr$ & m s+]s4 ,dr4 ,s*liemann ev5 believes t ! ,egyptians _h _! specific musical notation :i* 0 /ill 9 use by ! ,arabs :5 !y came to ,spa94 ,x is only natural to believe t an art ( su* a high /&>d 0 taught 9 a s*ool1 z ! te*nique t !y evid5ce is ! result ( long & sy/ematic /udies4 #8,x is v likely1' a ,russian ar*eologi/ writes1 #8t ! ,egyptian academy ( music & danc+ 0 connect$ ) ! temple ( ,ammon4' ,x is evid5t t ! ,egyptians knew practically e *oreographic rule & possess$ a te*nique :i* our mo/ celebrat$ danc]s h n yet rea*$4 ,_! mimic expressions are sup]b1 z are _! eurhy?mic ge/ures & poses4 ,s9ce ! temple 9 ,egypt unit$ "u its supreme patronage all ! arts1 x is only natural t danc+ & music knew no o!r =ms ( expression1 except ! home4 ,h[ev]1 ! c\rt ( ,ph>aohs play$ a big rle 9 /imulat+ a secul> /yle ( dance1 :i* ! ,greeks lat] p]=m$ 9 a modifi$ =m on _! /age4 ,v>i\s inscriptions & s>cophagus bas-reliefs depict a corps ( sev]al hundr$ danc]s t 0 ma9ta9$ by ! rul]4 ,! ,que5 ,cleopatra 0 s fond ( danc+ t %e h]self gave p]=mances 9 a specially con/ruct$ hall1 dimly light$ & ri*ly decorat$4 ,"h %e danc$ nude to h] gue/s beh9d num]\s gauze curta9s1 us+ con/antly ! effects ( fus$ light produc$ by diff]5t color$ lant]ns4 ,%e _h a well tra9$ & beautiful voice & play$ ma/]fully on v>i\s in/rum5ts4 ,also1 9 connection ) h] dances1 ,cleopatra us$ heavy r$olesc5t p]fumes by means ( :i* %e put h] audi5ce into a #8passionate trance4' ,t ! ,egyptian danc]s knew pir\ettes1 f\ett pir\ettes1 arabesques1 pas de *eval1 & o!r mod]n ballet tricks #e1jjj ye>s ago is prov5 by ! danc+ figures t c be se5 at ! s>cophagi at ,b5i ,hassan4 ,^! figures illu/rat+ ballet corps are usual4 ,a common /yle ( ,egyptian danc+ 0 ! peculi> rev]se movem5t ( ! two danc]s :i* rea*$ a rhy?mic p]fection1 p>ticul>ly 9 dances :]e _m p>ticipat$1 t is absolutely unkn[n to our *oreographic arti/s4 ,"s dances %[ great ar*itectural beauty 9 _! pyramidic comb9ations4 ,! use ( ! h&s at ! same "t ) ! use ( ! legs is evid5tly m 9 keep+ ) a c]ta9 /yle & h>mony ( l9e1 ?an t employ$ by our ballet or classic danc]s4 ,!re is 9 ! ,egyptian gall]y ( ! ,briti% ,museum a wall pa9t+ tak5 f a tomb at ,!bes4 ,! pa9t+ is suppos$ to h be5 execut$ dur+ ! eighte5? or n9ete5? dyna/y1 & 9 x are depict$ two danc+ girls fac+ 9 opposite directions4 ,!re is pl5ty ( action & agility depict$ 9 ^! figures4 ,9 "o ! h&s are rais$ high above ! head2 9 ! o!r !y are l[]$4 ,"o female n danc+ is repres5t$ play+ a d\ble pipe1 & o!rs are clapp+ _! h&s4 ,! accompani/s are dress$1 b ! danc]s we> only a gauze tunic4 ,all ,egyptian pr(essional danc]s are repres5t$ ei!r nude or v slightly dress$ & ! p]=mances 7 giv5 by ! p ( highe/ respectability4 ,all ,egyptologues are ( ! op9ion t ! outl9e ( ! transp>5t robe worn by ^! danc+ girls may1 9 c]ta9 in/ances1 h become effac$2 b o!rs say t x is c]ta9 !y danc$ nak$1 z _! successors1 ! ,almeiis1 d4 ,! view ( ,sir ,g>dn] ,wilk9son t ! ,egyptians =bade ! high] classes to le>n danc+ z an amusem5t or pr(ession1 because !y dread$ ! excitem5t result+ f su* an occupation1 ! excess ( :i* ruffl$ & discompos$ ! m9d1 contradicts ! op9ions ( o!r s*ol>s on ! same subject4 ,we read 9 ! ,bible t aft] ! ,israelites _h safely accompli%$ ! passage across ! ,r$ ,sea1 ,miriam1 ! si/] ( ,moses & ,a>on1 h]self a prophetess1 took a tamb\r9e 9 h] h&1 & danc$ ) o!r wom5 to celebrate ! ov]?r[ ( _! late task-ma/]s4 ,!re are o!r in/ances 9 ! ,bible :i* t5d to %[ t among ! ,jews1 :o 7 re>$ on ,egyptian civilization1 x 0 cu/om>y = p ( ! mo/ exalt$ rank to dance4 ,!re is a reproduction ( ,am5ophis ,,ii4 f "o ( ! olde/ tombs ( ,!bes t goes to %[ t ,egyptians ( all classes 7 highly pr(ici5t 9 ! art ( danc+4 ,f\r upp] class wom5 are repres5t$ z play+ & danc+ at ! same "t1 b _! in/rum5ts are = ! mo/ "p oblit]at$4 ,a fif? figure is re/+ on "o knee1 ) h] h&s cross$ be=e h] brea/4 ,! pos+ ( ! heads 9 ^! figures is ma/]ful4 ,9 ano!r pa9t+ f ,b5i ,hassan1 execut$ ab\t ?ree ?\s& five hundr$ ye>s ago1 a danc] is repres5t$ 9 ! act ( p]=m+ a pir\ette 9 ! ext5d$ f\r? position4 ,! arms are fully out/ret*$1 & ! g5]al attitude ( ! figure is precisely :at x might be 9 execut+ a simil> movem5t at ! pres5t day4 ,x is also noticeable t ! angle =m$ by ! upp] "p ( ! foot & =e "p ( ! leg is obtuse1 :i* is q 9 accordance ) mod]n *oreographic rules1 :ile ! natural incl9ation ( an inexp]i5c$ & untra9$ danc] :5 hold+ ! limb 9 su* a position w\ld be to b5d ! foot t[>ds ! %91 or at lea/ to keep x 9 its normal position at "r angles4 ,f _m pa9t+s & sculptures t h be5 discov]$1 we may ga!r t ! prim>y rules by :i* ! movem5ts ( ! danc]s are gov]n$ h n alt]$ s9ce ! "t ( ! ,ph>aohs4 ,! fir/ ?+ ! ,egyptian danc]s 7 taught 0 evid5tly to turn _! toes outw>d & d[nw>d1 & special att5tion 0 paid to ! positions ( _! arms1 :i* 7 gracefully ext5d$ & rais$ high1 ) ! h&s almo/ jo9+ above ! head4 ,9 ! small tablet ( ,bak5 ,am5 repres5t+ ! adoration ( ,osiris1 n[ 9 ! ,briti% ,museum1 all arm positions ( ! danc+ figures are excell5t4 ,9 "o ( ! sculptures f ,!bes a figure is unmi/akably p]=m+ an entre*t4 ,o!r figures g to %[ t ! ,egyptians employ$ frequ5tly jets1 c\ps1 cabrioles1 toe & f+] tricks4 ,!re are reproductions repres5t+ dance figures = two p]=m]s1 execut+ app>5tly a k9d ( m9uet4 ,betwe5 ! danc]s 9 ea* figure are inscriptions :i* ref] to ! "n ( ! dance4 ,?us1 = in/ance1 "o 0 call$ mek na snut1 or mak+ a pir\ette4 ,?is appe>s to h be5 a movem5t 9 :i* ! danc]s turn$ ea* o!r "u ! arms1 z 9 ! pas d',allem&e4 ,besides ! temple dances1 ,egypt _h travell+ ballet companies1 giv+ _! p]=mances 9 ! op5 air g>d5s ( t[ns & villages4 ,! nomadic ,hawasis ^: pr(ession to-day is *iefly danc+1 are und\bt$ly b>b>iz$ desc5dants ( ! ,hawasis t ent]ta9$ ! ,ph>aohs ) _! passionate & fi]y social dances4 ,mo/ ( ! ,hawasi dances 7 ( a s5su\s nature1 p]=m$ exclusively by girls1 ei!r nak$ or 9 light gauze dresses4 ,! !mes ( all ^! dances 7 (t5 s di/9ctly fem99e1 depict+ ! romantic nature ( a woman s graphically1 t !y 7 p]=m$ only z a "p ( w$d+ c]emonies4 ,9 reg>d to ?is /yle ( dance ,sir ,g>dn] ,wilk9son expresses ! conviction #8t !re is reason to believe t dances repres5t+ a cont9u\s action or argum5t ( a /ory 7 9 use privately & 7 execut$ by ladies atta*$ to ! h>em or h\sehold4' ,illu/ration3 ,egyptian wom5 danc+ ) cymbals ,f an anci5t fresco 79 ! orig9al colors7 ,ano!r secul> class ( ,egyptian dances 0 t p]=m$ by ,almeiis4 ,:ile ! /yle & subject ( ! ,hawasi dances t5d$ to express ! sexual passions1 ! ,almeiis _h le>n$ to be #8classic' & s*ol>ly4 ,! ,almeiis ( to-day ma9ta9 t !y desc5d directly f ! danc+ ,ph>aohs4 ,! romantic elem5t 9 ! ,almeii dances rema9s )9 ! limits ( a /rict code ( propriety4 ,= t reason ! danc+ ,almeiis1 l ! cl]gy1 enjoy$ an immunity f ! common law4 ,! ,almeiis ( to-day enjoy ! same anci5t reputation ?r\gh\t ! ,ea/ & are invit$ by ! ,mohamm$an *iefs to tea* danc+ to _! h>ems4 ,!y c be se5 danc+ 9 ! ,arabian des]t & 9 ,tunis1 ,algi]s1 ,tripoli & ,morocco4 ,b _! pres5t-day dances lack ! subtleties & te*nique t _! ance/ors possess$ five ?\s& ye>s ago4 ,_! celebrat$ ,sword & ,/oma* ,dances h deg5]at$ into deplorable vaudeville %[s4 ,petipa1 ! celebrat$ ,russian ballet ma/]1 has succe$$ 9 compos+ a brilliant ballet on ! !me ( ,almeii dances1 call$ #8,! ,daught] ( ! ,ph>aoh4' ,h[ev]1 excell5t z ! ,russian ballet danc]s are1 !y h nev] p]=m$ x to ! satisfaction ( its au?or4 ,"o ( ! weird anci5t ,egyptian dances t has surviv$ & is practic$ by sev]al ,ori5tal races1 p>ticul>ly 9 ,arabia1 ,p]sia & ,sah>a1 is ! ,gravey>d ,dance4 ,x is kn[n t ! ,almeiis us$ to p]=m ?is dance at midnight on ! gravey>ds ( ri* ,egyptians1 frequ5tly ar\nd ! pyramids4 ,?\gh semi-religi\s1 x did n belong to ! classifi$ sacr$ dances p]=m$ "u ! sup]vision ( ! cl]gy4 ,pr(4 ,elisseieff ?9ks t ?is dance probably orig9at$ 9 l[] ,egypt & belong$ !re to a recogniz$ temple c]emony1 b ! prie/s 9 upp] ,egypt fail$ to recognize x1 s ! ,almeiis monopoliz$ x ) great advantage4 ,! ,gravey>d ,dance p]=m$ 9 ! ,ea/ to-day is wild1 weird & gha/ly4 ,x is p]=m$ by wom51 dress$ 9 long robes1 :i* cov] ev5 _! heads4 ,x is danc$ on moonlight nights by pr(essional ,almeiis4 ,^! are hir$ by ! relatives or desc5dants ( ! ri* dead to accompany ! w&]+ s\l until x rea*es t sph]e :i* belongs to x4 ,!re is mu* /range symbolism & morbid beauty 9 ! ,gravey>d ,dance4 ,j z weird z ! dance is ! music1 produc$ f pipes & drums1 (t5 accompani$ by hoot+ or sobb+ voices4 ,x beg9s 9 a sl[ measure1 ! danc]s m>*+ l spectral %ad[s 9 a circle ar\nd ! musicians4 ,gradually ! music gr[s quick]1 z does ! dance4 ,x ends 9 a wild fury aft] :i* ! danc]s drop unconsci\s to ! gr\nd4 ,! dances ( ! liv+ ,almeiis & ,hawasis & _! imitators give little idea ( ! high art ( danc+ t 0 practic$ ?\s&s ( ye>s ago 9 anci5t ,egypt4 ,! mod]n axis & /oma* dances t are practic$ by ! daught]s ( ! v>i\s tribes ( ! des]t are crude acrobatic feats & vulg> deg5]ations ( ! graceful & highly develop$ art t has vani%$ ) ! :ole anci5t civilization ( ,egypt4 ,9 #aijj !re appe>$ 9 ,p>is a suppos$-to-be desc5dant ( ! celebrat$ anci5t ,almeiis1 ,la belle1 unique et incomp>able ,fatma1 giv+ p]=mances ( #8,egyptian ,w$d+ ,sc5es' & a #8,dance ( ,glasses1' :i* creat$ a s5sation among ! decad5t arti/s & writ]s4 ,h[ev]1 h] success 0 m due to h] beautiful body & its vivid ge/ures 9 sugge/+ c]ta9 erotic emotions1 ?an to any real art4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ,isadora ,duncan1 ,mme4 ,villiani & ,desmond h attempt$ to ar\se int]e/ 9 ! ,egyptian dances by giv+ p]=mances t !y h claim$ to be ! g5u9e classic art ( ! ,nile4 ,accord+ to !m1 all t a mod]n danc] ne$s 9 becom+ ,egyptian is to dress z ! ,egyptians did & produce poses1 if possible1 ) ! fewe/ possible g>m5ts1 t are to be se5 9 ! anci5t fresco pa9t+s1 sculptures & hi]oglyphs4 ,!n aga91 ! ,russian ballet1 t\r+ 9 ,europe1 ann\nc$ 9 its rep]toire an ,egyptian ballet ,cleopatra1 :i* 0 to be a revelation ( unse5 beauties ( ! lo/ anci5t civilization4 ,h[ev]1 all ef=ts ( ! mod]n imag9ation are unable to lift ! veil ( ! ages4 ,?\gh po/]ity c cat* m accurate fragm5ts 9 ! deg5]at$ dances ( ,almeiis1 ,hawasis & ! few folk-dances ( ,"y ,egypt ?an 9 ! artificial imitations ( v>i\s *oreographic mod]ni/s1 z a :ole we "k b a microscopic "p ( ! vani%$ age ( ! ,ph>aohs4 ,! few sc>ce records t we possess ( ! ,egyptian danc+ speak eloqu5tly ( an art f> sup]ior to any?+ :i* our boa/$ civilization has yet rea*$4 ,,*apt] ,,iii ,,danc+ ,,9 ,,india ,lack ( art s5se among ! ,h9doos2 danc+ & ! ,brahm9 religion2 ! ,aps>azases1 ,bayad]es & ,devadazis2 ,h9doo music & ! dance2 danc+ 9 mod]n ,indian2 ,fakir dances2 philosophic symbolism ( ! ,indian dance4 ,! civilization ( anci5t ,india 01 ) ! exception ( ,*9a1 ! only rival to t ( ,egypt4 ,b x is rem>kable t ! ,indian m9d took a totally diff]5t direction f ! ,egyptian4 ,! t5d5cy t[>ds spiritual expansion t manife/$ itself 9 ,egypt & ,greece became 9 ,india a t5d5cy t[>ds conc5tration4 ,! ,indian m9d lack$ ! gift ( obs]vation & ma!matical proportions1 s ess5tial 9 art1 t 0 possess$ by ! subjects ( ! ,ph>aohs4 ,= ?is reason we f9d a magnific5t ,indian philosophy & my/ic sci5ce1 b an undevelop$ feel+ = /hetic values4 ,) ! exception ( weird & biz>re ar*itecture1 t manife/$ itself mo/ p[]fully 9 ! pagodas & temples1 ! ,indian sculpture1 pa9t+1 music & danc+ are too primitive = our ta/e1 z !y probably 7 = t ( ! anci5t ,egyptians & ,greeks4 ,9 all ! ,indian con/ructive arts1 9 _! temple decorations & frescoes1 we f9d v few danc+ figures1 /ill few] graceful reproductions ( ! human body4 ,_! gods & goddesses look to u l mon/]s4 ,! ,indian ,v5]a1 to be se5 9 ! ,pagoda ( ,bangilore1 looks l a c>icature1 z comp>$ ) ! ,greek ,aphrodite4 ,! ,indian goddess ( danc+1 ,ramble1 :o1 accord+ to ! leg5d1 0 a c\rtesan ( ,indra1 & gave bir? to two daught]s1 ,n&ra 7,luxury7 & ,br+a 7,pleasure71 lacks all ! l(t9ess & *>m :i* surr\nd$ ! danc+ goddesses ( ,egypt & ,greece4 ,!re is nei!r life nor grace 9 any ( ! ,indian temple art4 ,ev5 ! smile ( ,indian gods is /upid & inexpressive4 ,! lack ( humor & joy mirrors itself be/ 9 ! art ( ! ,bayad]es1 ! celebrat$ danc]s ( ,india4 ,_! ge/ures & movem5ts are void ( t exultant gaiety & optimism t pr$om9ates 9 dances ( o!r nations4 ,an air ( gloom & pessimism emanates f all ! ,indian art4 ,!re is no d\bt t ! peculi>ities ( ,indian music h be5 ob/acles to ! developm5t ( ! national dance4 ,al?\gh x is full ( color & feel+1 yet ! division ( _! scale into s _m m tone units ?an ours makes x extremely difficult = a danc] to cat* ! delicate nuances & l9es & reproduce !m 9 movem5t4 ,a few danc+ designs "h & !re give ! impression t ?is art has n *ang$ dur+ ! f\r ?\s& ye>s ( ! nation's exi/5ce4 ,s9ce ! :ole ,indian civilization is ! same to-day t x 0 ?\s&s ( ye>s ago1 we are pretty safe 9 our assumption t ! dances ( ! ,bayad]es exhibit$ at ,calcutta or ,b5>es n[ 7 pretty ne>ly ! same dur+ ! life ( ,buddha4 ,! mod]n dances1 l ! old ones1 %[ simil>ity 9 ! fact t ! ,indian danc]s /& ne>ly at "o spot & h>dly move _! feet1 :ile mimick+1 & mov+ _! body1 arms1 h&s & f+]s4 ,! individual peculi>ity ( all ,indian dances lies 9 ! impressioni/ic poses ( _! h&s & ! body4 ,india des]ves to be call$ ! ,l& ( a ,?\s& ,religions4 ,religion to an ,indian repres5ts ev]y?+4 ,l wisdom & life1 dance is ( div9e orig94 ,f "t immemorial danc+ has be5 a "p ( ,indian temple c]emonies4 ,! ,brahm9 religion is int]wov5 ) beautiful leg5ds & my?s1 accord+ to :i* danc+ 0 ! fir/ bless+ t ,brahma gave to mank9d4 ,"o ( ! leg5ds tells u t ! div9e ,t%amuda danc$ to music :ile /&+ on an egg & hold+ a huge turtle on h] back4 ,9 su* a position %e is to-day giv+ p]=mances to ,brahma 9 ! ,nirvana4 ,su* a magic ,p>adise1 ) pl5ty ( danc+ & music1 la/+ f e>ly morn+ till late 9 ev5+1 is promis$ aft] dea? to all fai?ful s\ls4 ,a widespread ,indian leg5d is t :i* describes ! magic danc+ ( ! ,aps>azases1 or div9e nymphs1 ) :i* ! ,indian imag9ation has populat$ e hill & brook4 ,! only occupation ( ! ,aps>azases is s++ & a]ial danc+4 ,= ?is purpose ^! sacr$ nymphs are suppli$ ) fea!ry w+s :i* enable !m to fly freely 9 ! air4 ,danc]s :o rea* ! v climax ( _! art get magic w+s l e ,aps>azas & vani% alive f ! e>?4 ,?is leg5d laid ! f\ndation ( ! ,indian sacr$ dances1 :i* 7 taught by ! prie/s to "y maid5s kept specially = t purpose ne> ! temples4 ,:ile ! ,european t\ri/ calls all ,indian danc]s ,bayad]es1 reg>dless :e!r !y give _! p]=mances on ! /reets or 9 ! temples1 an ,indian calls ! temple danc]s ,devadazis1 or ! #8slaves ( ,god4' ,! common /reet or social danc] is call$ ,naut* ,girl4 ,! ,indian ,devadazis are rais$ & educat$ mu* z are ! ,*ri/ian nuns4 ,aft] be+ graduat$ f a danc+ s*ool1 ! girls are tak5 by ! prie/s to ! temples 9 :i* !y give daily p]=mances to ! pilgrims & live z sacr$ c\rtesans ) ! cl]gy4 ,! ma9 function ( ! ,devadazis consi/s 9 giv+ p]=mances1 ei!r s+ly or 9 gr\ps1 to ! prie/s & ! pilgrims4 ,"s ( _! dances take place 9 front ( ! pagodas1 o!rs inside4 ,! danc]s always we> a long g>m5t1 cov]+ _! body & legs1 leav+ only ! h&s & arms b>e4 ,ri* p c hire ^! temple danc]s to give p]=mances 9 _! homes1 o!rwise !y nev] appe> outside ! temple atmosph]e4 ,to an ,indian danc] ! mo/ important p>ts ( h] body are h] brea/s & f+]s4 ,?\gh %e appe>s 9 dance b>efoot1 frequ5tly ) r+s 9 h] toes1 %e pays comp>atively little att5tion to h] feet4 ,_m ( ! mod]n ,bayad]es we> an elaborate co/ume ( yell[ ) wide pantalettes & ri*ly embroid]$ wraps ar\nd ! %\ld]s1 leav+ arms & brea/s b>e4 ,! music accompany+ ! dances ( ! ,indian ,bayad]es is produc$ by an or*e/ra consi/+ ( wood w9d in/rum5ts simil> to our flute & oboe1 a few /r+ in/rum5ts1 two diff]5t drums & a few tamb\r9es4 ,! lead] ( ! or*e/ra gives a sign by /rik+ c]ta9 brass plates & ! ,bayad]es1 lift+ _! veils1 advance 9 front ( ! musicians & beg9 ! dance4 ,! dance1 consi/+ usually only ( mimic expressions ( two danc]s1 has a /range melody & a /rang] rhy?m4 ,nei!r ! music nor ! dance c be comp>$ ) any?+ kn[n 9 our ,we/]n art4 ,n[ & !n ! feet beat measure1 o!rwise !re is little display ( leg agility4 ,! face1 p>ticul>ly ! eyes1 ( ! ,indian danc]s are v expressive4 ,b ! alphabet ( ! dance mimicry is s l>ge t x requires a special /udy 9 ord] to und]/& & appreciate ! f9e movem5ts ( an arti/4 ,all ! ,indian social c]emonies1 su* z m>riage1 bir? & burial1 are celebrat$ ) danc+ & music4 ,?is is p>ticul>ly true ( ! social c]emonies ( ! ri*4 ,! /&+ ( ! danc]s is high 9 ,india1 s t ev5 9 ! palace ( ! ,rajah danc]s are treat$ l ! gue/s4 ,9 c]ta9 p>ts ( ,india ! ,bayad]es h ! "r to live z gue/s at any h\se )\t pay+4 ,pr9ce ,u*tomsky1 :o made a special /udy ( ,indian life & art1 writes t 9 cities visit$ by ! ,european t\ri/s "o r>ely gets a glimpse ( ! real ,bayad]es4 ,accord+ to him !re are _m ,indian ,bayad]e danc]s t surpass 9 _! sugge/ive p[] our mo/ passionate ballets4 ,e l9e ( _! m9iature impressionism 9 dance has an exotic beauty :i* implies m ?an x expresses4 ,! ,indian danc]s are usually wom51 ?\gh ,pi]re ,loti writes t he witness$ sev]al dances p]=m$ by m54 ,^! dances1 z describ$ by him1 tally closely ) ^? :i* ! writ] saw frequ5tly p]=m$ by v>i\s ,mongolian tribes 9 ,s\?-,ea/]n ,russia4 ,b we are incl9$ to ?9k t ^!1 be+ wild 9 _! "*1 c\ld n be classifi$ z dances ( ,indian orig94 ,to a c]ta9 class ( ,indian danc+ belong ! well-kn[n fakir dances1 p]=m$ by begg+ pilgrims at public ga!r+s4 ,^! repres5t ! surviv+ fanaticism ( an anci5t sect4 ,_! /range p]=mances are to be se5 ev]y:]e 9 ,nor!rn ,india4 ,absolutely nak$ & ) di%evell$ hair1 !y moan1 %riek & groan1 jump+ wildly up & d[n & %ak+ _! h&s convulsively4 ,:5 ! fanatical execution has rea*$ its climax ! fakirs /ab !mselves ) knives or hot irons until !y fall into a trance4 ,x is a k9d ( ,ori5tal #8,dea? ,dance4' ,to an outsid] x is unexpla9able h[ !y c endure su* self-torture = any l5g? ( "t4 ,9 mo/ cases ! knives t ! fakirs use are s con/ruct$ t !y d n g deep into ! body b scrat* only ! sk9 & produce slight w\nds4 ,?\gh _! bloody p]=mances make a deep & %ock+ impression ^u ! onlook]s1 yet dances ( ?is k9d _c be classifi$ z an art4 ,! be/ danc]s t ,india has ev] produc$ are ^? :o resembl$ brood+ philosoph]s & prophetic prie/esses r ?an pleas+ arti/s4 ,! ,indian conception ( beauty lies 9 ! spiritual & intellectual & b little 9 ! physical & /hetic =ms4 ,! ma9 purpose ( ! great ,indian ball]9as is to inspire _! audi5ces to ?\ght & m$itation ^u ! great p[]s ( nature & ! my/ic purposes ( human life4 ,_! art is exotic & introspective & lacks absolutely ! elem5t ( purely beautiful inspiration1 produc$ by ! great ,we/]n danc]s4 ,^? ( our ,we/]n /ud5ts ( art :o make u believe t !y c p]=m g5u9e ,indian dances are grossly mi/ak51 simply because ! real ,indian dance is n an art & amusem5t1 b ! prea*+ ( a c]ta9 philosophy4 ,our mat]iali/ic logic is unable to cat* ! subtle philosophic symbolism t appeals to an ,indian m9d4 ,we are br\ght up to enjoy ! positive & n ! negative plane ( life4 ,= u beauty is joy1 = ! ,h9dus x is sorr[4 ,an ,indian danc] :o c move h] audi5ce to te>s ) h] danc+ w fail to make ! lea/ impression ^u our audi5ces4 ,,*apt] ,,iv ,,dances ,,( ,,! ,,*9ese1 ,,! ,,japanese ,,& ,,! ,,am]ican ,,indians ,influ5ce ( ! ,*9ese moral tea*+s2 g5]al *>act]i/ics ( ,*9ese danc+2 c\rt & social dances ( anci5t ,*9a2 ,yu-,vang's #8hi/orical ballet'2 mod]n ,*9ese danc+2 danc+ ,m&>9s2 mod]n imitations2 ! ,lant]n ,fe/ival--,japan3 ! leg5d ( ,amat]asu2 emotional v>iety ( ! ,japanese dance2 pantomime & mimicry2 g5]al *>act]i/ics & classification ( ,japanese dances--,! ,am]ican ,indians3 ,! ,dream dance2 ! ,gho/ dance2 ! ,snake dance4 ,i ,9 ,*9a ! art ( danc+ 0 9 full bloom = c5turies be=e ! ,*ri/ian era4 ,! great ,*9ese hi/orians tell u t music & danc+ 7 develop$ & /ood 9 high e/eem 9 ,*9a f ! dyna/y ( ,huang-,ta till ! rule ( ,!y1 :i* is a p]iod ( n less ?an #bdej ye>s4 ,europe ) its civilization did n yet exi/ :5 *oreography 0 publicly taught 9 ,*9a4 ,l e o!r =m ( ,*9ese evolution1 danc+ ?us fell into a /ate ( spiritual torpidity4 ,=be>ance1 ! =emo/ virtue ( ! ,*9ese race1 t 0 prea*$ by _! anci5t morali/s1 l ,kon-,fu-,tse & o!rs1 /ifl$ 9 ! long run all ! passionate emotions ( ! p & ex]t$ a mo/ detrim5tal influ5ce ^u ! arts4 ,"u su* conditions ! ,*9ese view ( life grew mat]iali/ic & dry1 ! v opposite ( ! ,indian4 ,?is peculi>ity did n fail to make itself felt 9 ,*9ese danc+4 ,! gradual kill+ ( passionate emotions kill$ also ! t5d5cy to imag9ation 9 ! race4 ,! fantasy t populat$ ! air & wat]1 ! m\nta9s & =e/s ( o!r nations ) my?s1 leg5ds1 gods & goddesses1 0 trans=m$ 9 ,*9a into ! mo/ reali/ic reason+s & me*anical dext]ity4 ,! indu/rial _s ( ! great nation kill$ all romantic & poetic aspirations 9 art1 religion & lit]ature4 ,! music ( ,*9a is z syncopat$ & monoton\s z h] views ( life4 ,! only poetry t ! ,*9ese possess is t :i* 0 writt5 #djjj ye>s ago4 ,y1 :i* means 9 ,*9ese language #8dance1' lacks ! pr9cipal =ms ( agility ( our *oreography4 ,pir\ettes1 jets1 cabrioles & pas's are unkn[n t]ms to a ,*9ese ball]9a4 ,_! danc+1 consi/+ ( sl[ ge/ures ( ! arms1 ! %ak+ ( head1 b[+ to ! ceil+1 & o!r simil> manipulations1 makes at ! fir/ glance an impression t sugge/s to our imag9ation ! (ficiat+ ( ,greek prie/s4 ,! p[] ( a danc] lies 9 ! atmosph]e t %e creates & ! peculi> imitat+ poses ( ! body4 ,*9ese dance music is correspond+ly sl[ ( rhy?m & rem9ds u 9 _m ways ( our ultra-mod]n or*e/ral music4 ,h[ev]1 we read 9 ! works ( ! ,*9ese classics t _! art ( danc+ 0 mu* high] ab\t two & ?ree ?\s& ye>s ago4 ,! anci5t ,*9ese philosoph]s recomm5d$ danc+ to /r5g!n ! human body & m9d4 ,!y emphasiz$ ! mimic expressions :i* all races ( ! _w %\ld le>n z an unspok5 & univ]sal language4 ,x is writt5 t ! great rul] ,li-,kaong-,ti took danc+ & music lessons f ! great tea*] ( music1 ,teu-,kung1 s t he 0 able to give ent]ta9m5ts 9 ^! arts to 8 family & gue/s4 ,he f\nd$ a danc+ academy at ! c\rt & invit$ le>n$ ,m&>9s to take *>ge ( ! in/itution4 ,gradually danc+ 0 introduc$ 9 all ! colleges & public s*ools4 ,all ,*9ese educat$ classes _h to be good danc]s at t "t4 ,! rul]s us$ to dance to ! public at great annual fe/ivals to express _! gratitude or dissatisfaction4 ,! receptions ( v>i\s ,vic]oys at ! national capital 7 op5$ ) danc+ p]=m$ by ! great function>ies & /atesm5 ( ! empire4 ,p judg$ ! *>act]i/ics ( _! newly appo9t$ (ficials & judges f ! individual peculi>ities ( _! dance4 ,! ,*9ese c\rt kept regul>ly #fd sworn danc]s1 :o 7 oblig$ to give hi/oric #8ballets' to ! rul]s4 ,! or*e/ra 0 compos$ ( flutes1 a drum1 "o or sev]al tamb\r9es ) bells1 & a que] in/rum5t 9 ! %ape ( ! figure #8#b4' ,ab\t a ?\s& ye>s be=e ,*ri/ an imp]ial decree 0 issu$ = ! purpose ( limit+ ! numb] ( danc]s t "o or ano!r ( ! /atesm5 c\ld employ4 ,eight diff]5t dances 7 p]=m$ at ! ,*9ese c\rt & eight danc]s p>ticipat$ 9 ea* dance4 ,! fir/ dance 0 ,ivi-,m5--,mov+ ,cl\ds2 ?is 0 giv5 9 honor ( ! cele/ial spirits4 ,! second dance 0 ! ,ta-kn5--,great ,circle2 ?is 0 p]=m$ :5 ! ,emp]or br\ght sacrifice at a r\nd votive alt>4 ,! ?ird dance 0 ,ta-gi5--,g5]al ,motion2 ?is 0 p]=m$ dur+ ! sacrificial fe/ival at ! squ>e alt>4 ,! f\r? dance 0 ,ta-mao--,dance ( ,h>mony2 ?is 0 ! mo/ graceful dance & 0 d$icat$ to ! ,f\r ,elem5ts4 ,! fif? dance 0 ,gia--,b5eficial ,dance2 ?is dance 0 d$icat$ to ! spirits ( ! m\nta9s & riv]s1 & 0 sl[ & maje/ic4 ,! six? dance 0 ,ta-gu--,dance ( ,gratitude2 ?is 0 d$icat$ to wom54 ,! sev5? dance 0 ,ta-u--,great ,w> ,dance2 ?is 0 d$icat$ to ! _s ( ,man4 ,! eigh? dance 0 ,u-gi5tze--,dance ( ,waves2 ?is 0 d$icat$ to ! ance/ors & 0 ( elaborate =m1 conta9+ n9e diff]5t movem5ts & n9e diff]5t rhy?ms4 ,^! 7 all long #8ballets' & la/$ = sev]al h\rs ea*4 ,b besides ^! !re 7 six small] dances4 ,"o ( ^! 0 call$ ! ,dance ( ! ,my/ic ,bird2 ano!r ! ,dance ( ,oxtail2 ano!r ! ,dance ( ! ,flag2 ano!r ! ,dance ( ,fea!rs2 ano!r ! ,sword ,dance2 & ! la/ ! ,dance ( ,humanity4 ,?is 0 p]=m$ only by ! ,m&>9s4 ,! ,*9ese hi/orians write t ,confucius did n l ! ,sword ,dance1 b highly prais$ ! o!rs4 ,confucius describes ! ,emp]or ,yu-,vang1 :o liv$ #aajj ye>s be=e ,*ri/1 z ! au?or ( _m new dances & compos] ( music to accompany !m4 ,"o ( 8 dances 0 a great hi/orical ballet1 :i* mu/ h resembl$ ! ,roman pantomimes4 ,?is ballet has be5 p]=m$ 9 a di/ort$ =m 9 ! n9ete5? c5tury & is m5tion$ by sev]al ,russian writ]s :o liv$ or travell$ 9 ,*9a4 ,judg+ f ! ,*9ese writ]s1 ! hi/orical ballet mu/ h be5 a spectacul> p]=mance 9 ! /yle ( ! ,ob]amm]gau ,passion ,play4 ,x op5$ ) ! creation ( ! _w & sea & end$ ) ! late/ phase ( national hi/ory4 ,"s ( ! danc]s repres5t$ fi%1 animals & birds2 o!rs1 mon/]s1 spirits1 rul]s & social classes4 ,! music ( ?is ballet 0 ( peculi> symphonic =m1 v melodi\s & dramatic4 ,only fragm5t>y records ( ! anci5t notation _h be5 pres]v$ 9 ! imp]ial palace at ,pek91 b dur+ rec5t political di/urbances ev5 ^! vani%$ & ! _w has ?us be5 depriv$ ( "o ( ! mo/ valuable ( musical docum5ts4 ,9 ,*9a ! social & religi\s danc]s 7 "o & ! same4 ,! t\r+ danc+ companies to be se5 to-day 9 ,*9a give a fa9t idea ( ! anci5t *oreography4 ,japanese danc+ has made a deep impression ^u ! ,*9ese danc]s1 s t !re is a m>k$ elem5t ( mixture 9 ! p]=mances t "o sees 9 ! pres5t ,*9ese t[ns4 ,! ,*9ese danc]s f old5 times on h be5 m5 & wom54 ,x seems z if m5 pr$om9at$ be=e1 :ile n[ ! fem99e elem5t is 9 majority4 ,! ,*9ese danc+ co/umes are biz>re & picturesque4 ,!re are no b>efoot danc]s among !m & _! bodies are heavily cov]$ ) g>m5ts4 ,nude danc]s are unkn[n 9 ,*9a4 ,an odd class ( ,*9ese danc]s are ! danc+ ,m&>9s4 ,9 ,su-,*u-,fu !re exi/s /ill an old s*ool t 0 f\nd$ #bejj ye>s ago = ! purpose ( tea*+ danc+ to ! ,m&>9s4 ,!y presumably le>n$ ) ! idea ( us+ ! art 9 religi\s rituals4 ,! /yle ( _! danc+ diff]s slightly f t ( ! pr(essional class4 ,danc+ ,m&>9s c be se5 n[ 9 ,*9a1 b _! cabali/ic ge/ures & que] mimic expressions are un9telligible to ! ,we/]n m9d4 ,!re are no folk or national dances 9 ,*9a & ! p d n dance 9 ! same s5se z we 9 our social dances4 ,! idea ( a social dance is a torture to an av]age ,*9aman4 ,he enjoys see+ danc+1 b nev] takes "p 9 x4 ,! ri* ,*9ese frequ5tly hire pr(essional danc]s & let !m give p]=mances at _! h\ses4 ,! ,*9ese w$d+ dances are nev] p]=m$ by ! bride1 groom1 or _! gue/s1 b by hir$ pr(essional danc]s or danc+ ,m&>9s4 ,! hi/orians tell u t ?is 0 n s 9 remote antiquity4 ,!re 0 a "t :5 ! ,*9ese p danc$1 ?\gh _! dances 7 mo/ly sl[ & pantomimic4 ,! ,russian ballet danc]s1 :o h t\r$ 9 ,*9a1 h told t _! p]=mances fill$ ! ,*9ese audi5ces ) horror & disgu/1 z our ,we/]n acrobatic te*nique makes !m afraid ( possible neck-break+ accid5ts4 ,! attempts ( ,europeans to create ,*9ese ballets = our ,we/]n /age h be5 9 s f> mis]able failures4 #8,kia-,k+' by ,titus1 #8,*9ese ,w$d+' by ,calzev>o1 & #8,lily' by ,san-,leon give no true impression ( ,*9ese *oreography ( any age4 ,nor are _! music or _! sc5>ios simil> to any g5u9e ,*9ese ballets ( ! above-nam$ titles4 ,9 our /ory ( ,*9ese danc+ x is wor? :ile to m5tion ! celebrat$ #8,lant]n ,fe/ival' t is p]=m$ e ,new ,ye> night4 ,x is v likely t ! ,*9ese _h once long ago a lant]n dance1 :i* has deg5]at$ n[ into a simple m>*+ procession1 9 :i* ! p p>ticipate 9 ! same s5se z ! ,italians d 9 _! c>nival4 ,confucius writes ( x z ( a fe/ival 9 honor ( ! sun1 ! s\rce ( ! light & life4 ,?is fe/ival is celebrat$ ?ree nights cont9ually4 ,ev]y?+ consid]$1 we come to ! conclusion t ! art ( danc+ ( ! l& ( ,m&>9s has be5 ( little influ5ce & significance to our *oreography4 ,! reason = ?is lies p>tly 9 ! racial morale1 p>tly 9 a national psy*ology t brea!s peace & ext]nalism4 ,,ii ,( a q diff]5t "* are ! dances ( ,japan1 ( :i* ,m>cella ,a4 ,h9cks gives to u a compreh5sive picture4 ,accord+ to h]1 danc+ 9 ,japan is an ess5tial "p ( religion & national tradition4 ,9 "o ( ! olde/ ,japanese leg5ds we are told t ! ,sun ,goddess ,amat]asu1 be+ angry1 hid h]self 9 a cave1 s t ! _w 0 plung$ 9 d>kness & life on e>? became intol]able4 ,! eight million deities ( ! ,japanese heav51 see+ ! sorr[ & de/ruction wr\ght by ,amat]asu's abs5ce f ! _w1 s\ght by e means possible to coax h] f h] retreat4 ,b no?+ c\ld prevail on h] to leave x1 until "o god1 wis] ?an ! o!rs1 devis$ a plan :]eby ! ang]$ goddess might be lur$ f h] hid+ place4 ,among ! immortals 0 ! beautiful ,ame-,no-,azume1 :om !y s5t to dance & s+ at ! m\? ( ! cave1 & ! goddess1 attract$ by ! unusual s\nd ( music & danc+1 & unable to )/& h] curiosity1 em]g$ f ! concealm5t1 to gaze ^u ! danc]4 ,s once m %e gave ! light ( h] smile to ! _w4 ,! p nev] =got t danc+ _h be5 ! means ( br++ back ,amat]asu to ,japan1 !re=e f "t immemorial ! dance has be5 honor$ z a religi\s c]emony & practic$ z a f9e art ?r\gh\t ! ,l& ( ! ,ris+ ,sun4 ,danc+ 9 ,japan is n associat$ ) pleasure & joyful feel+ alone2 e emotion1 grave or gay1 may become ! subject ( a dance4 ,"s "t ago fun]al dances 7 p]=m$ ar\nd ! corpse1 :i* 0 plac$ 9 a build+ specially con/ruct$ = t purpose1 & ?\gh x is said t orig9ally ! danc]s hop$ to recall ! dead to life by ! p[] & *>m ( _! dance1 lat] ! measures 7 p]=m$ m]ely z a f>ewell c]emony4 ,! ,japanese dance is ( ! greate/ importance & int]e/ hi/orically4 ,l h] civilization1 & ! great] numb] ( h] arts1 ,japan borr[$ _m ( h] dance ideas f ,*9a1 ?\gh ! g5ius ( ! p v soon develop$ _m new =ms ( dance1 q di/9ct f ! ,*9ese importation4 ,f ! e>lie/ times danc+ has be5 closely associat$ ) religion3 9 bo? ! ,%9to & ! ,buddhi/ fai?s we f9d x occupy+ =emo/ place 9 wor%ip4 ,! ,buddhi/ prie/s ( ! ?irte5? c5tury made use ( danc+ z a ref9+ influ5ce1 :i* help$ to ref9e ! uncultur$ milit>y class by :i* ,japan 0 m or less rul$ dur+ ! e>ly ,middle ,ages4 ,! ,japanese dance1 l t ( ! anci5t ,greeks1 is pr$om9antly ( a pantomimic nature1 & /rives to repres5t 9 ge/ure a hi/oric incid5t1 "s my?ical leg5d1 or a sc5e f folk-lore2 its *ief *>act]i/ic is always expressiv5ess1 & x inv>iably possesses a /rong emotional t5d5cy4 ,! ,japanese h an extraord9>y mimic gift :i* !y h cultivat$ to su* an ext5t t x is d\btful :e!r any o!r p has ev] develop$ su* a wide & expressive art ( ge/ure4 ,danc+ 9 ! ,european s5se ! ,japanese w\ld call d5gaku or acrobatic4 ,l ! tea c]emony1 ! ,japanese dance is esot]ic z well z exot]ic1 & to appreh5d ! mean+ ( e ge/ure is no easy task to ! un9itiat$4 ,?us to ar* ! h& ov] ! eyes conveys t ! danc] is weep+2 to ext5d ! arms :ile look+ eag]ly 9 ! direction indicat$ by ! h& sugge/s t ! danc] is ?9k+ ( "s "o 9 a f>-away c\ntry4 ,! arms cross$ at ! *e/ mean m$itation1 etc4 ,!re is1 = in/ance1 a set ( special ge/ures = ! ,no dances1 divid$ fir/ ( all into a c]ta9 numb] ( fundam5tal ge/ures & poses1 & !n into num]\s v>iations ( ^!1 & figures devis$ f !m1 mu* z ! te*nique ( ! ,european ballet danc+ consi/s ( #8fundam5tal positions' & endless less important #8positions4' ,! conv5tional ge/ures1 sleeve-wav+ & fan-wav+ movem5ts1 con/itute ! greate/ difficulty 9 ! way ( an intellig5t int]pretation ( ! ,japanese dance4 ,! te*nique is also elaborate & ! vocabul>y ( ! danc+ t]ms l>ge1 b ! positions & ! attitudes ( ! limbs are radically diff]5t f ^? ( ! ,european dance1 ! feet be+ little se51 & _! action consid]$ subord9ate1 ?\gh ! /amp+ ( ! feet is important 9 "s cases4 ,! ease ( movem5t1 ! smoo?ness & ! legato effect ( a ,japanese dance c only be obta9$ by ! mo/ rigor\s physical tra9+4 ,! ,japanese /rive to ma/] ! te*nique s ?or\ghly t e movem5t ( ! body is produc$ ) p]fect ease & spontaneity2 _! ideal is art hidd5 by its own p]fection4 ,! dances ( ,japan may be gr\p$ "u ?ree broad divisions ( equal importance3 ,religi\s1 classical1 & popul>4 ,! la/ ve/iges ( a religi\s dance ( great antiquity may /ill be se5 at ! half-ye>ly c]emonials ( ,confucius1 :5 eight pairs ( danc]s 9 gorge\s robes1 ea* hold+ a triple pheasant's fea!r 9 "o h& & a six-hol$ flute 9 ! o!r1 po/ure & dance z an accompanim5t to ! ,confucian hymn4 ,x is said t ! ,bugaku dance 0 introduc$ #bjjj ye>s ago4 ,! ,japanese hi/ory ( danc+ beg9s f ! eigh? to twelf? c5turies4 ,! ,bugaku & ! ,kagura1 ano!r anci5t ,japanese sacr$ dance1 are consid]$ ! bases ( all ! o!r dances4 ,! movem5ts 9 bo? dances /rive to express rev]5ce1 adoration & humility4 ,! music ( ! old ,japanese dances is solemn1 weird & always 9 a m9or key1 & ! in/rum5ts us$ are flutes & a drum4 ,/ages 7 erect$ at all ! pr9cipal ,%9to temples & ea* temple _h its /aff ( danc]s4 ,! ,kagura dance c /ill be se5 at ! temple ( ,kasuga at ,n>a4 ,l ! ,*9ese1 ! ,japanese lack dances kn[n to u z folk-danc+4 ,9 ! art ( danc+ ,japan f> surpasses ,*9a1 ?is be+ due to ! m emotional & poetic "* ( ! race4 ,! danc+ ( ,japan1 l its o!r arts1 is outspok5ly impressioni/ic & symbolic4 ,x is graceful & da9ty & gives evid5ce ( ?or\gh ref9em5t4 ,dances ( pung5t racial t+e are ^? ( ! ,am]ican ,indians4 ,! be/ kn[n ( ! ,indian pantomimes are ! ,gho/1 ,snake1 & ,dream ,dances4 ,v little obs]v$ & record$ are _! v>i\s w> dances2 /ill less _! social dances4 ,/olid1 impassive & /oic z is ! man himself1 s are 8 dances & o!r /hetic expressions4 ,void ( frivol\s gaiety & passionate joy z an ,indian rema9s 9 8 life1 s is 8 dance4 ,8 dance turns m ab\t "s my/ic or religi\s idea ?an ab\t a sexual "o4 ,!re is t peculi> heavy & secretive trait 9 an ,indian folk-dance t manife/s itself s conspicu\sly 9 ! dances ( ! ,sib]ian ,mongolians1 z ! ,buriats1 ,kalmuks1 & p>ticul>ly ! ,f9ns4 ,?\gh our space is limit$1 we %all "h attempt to give an outl9e ( ! bett] kn[n peculi>ities ( ,indian folk-dances1 p>ticul>ly ( ! ,dream ,dance ( ! ,*ippewa tribe4 ,! ,*ippewas or ,ojibways 71 at ! arrival ( ! :ites1 "o ( ! l>ge/ ( ! tribes ( ,nor? ,am]ica4 ,!y orig9ally occupi$ ! region embrac+ bo? %ores ( ,lake ,sup]ior & ,lake ,huron4 ,we owe ! description ( ! ,dream ,dance to ,s4 ,a4 ,b>rett1 accord+ to ^: view x is bas$ on ! /ory ( an ,indian girl :o escap$ into ! lake ^u ! arrival ( ! :ite m5 & hid h]self among ! lilies1 ?9k+ !y w\ld soon leave4 ,%e rema9$ 9 ! lake = t5 days )\t food or sleep1 until ! ,great ,_s f ! cl\ds rescu$ h] miracul\sly & c>ri$ h] back to h] p4 ,9 memory ( ?is ev5t ! c]emony ( ! ,dream ,dance 0 in/itut$ & is p]=m$ annually 9 ! op5 air1 ab\t ! fir/ ( ,july4 ,a special dance gr\nd1 f fifty to eighty feet 9 diamet]1 0 prep>$ & m>k$ (f by a circle ( logs or by a l[ f5ce4 ,?is circle 0 provid$ ) an op5+ t[>d ! we/ & "o t[>d ! ea/4 ,! objects ab\t :i* ?is :ole c]emony c5tres are a l>ge drum & a special calumet1 ! =m] elaborately decorat$ ) /rips ( fur1 beadwork1 clo?1 co9s1 etc4 ,x is hung by means ( loops ^u f\r elaborately decorat$ /akes4 ,(t5 !y are provid$ ) bells4 ,to ?is ! greate/ rev]5ce is paid ?r\gh\t ! dance1 a special gu>d be+ kept = x4 ,! calumet s]ves z a sacrificial alt>1 ! function ( :i* is ! burn+ ( sacr$ tobacco1 9 ord] t its inc5se may be c>ri$ to ! p>ticul> deity 9 ^: honor ! (f]+ is made4 ,! drum is beat5 by t5 to fifte5 drumm]s1 ea* beat+ x ) a /ick two feet long1 z an accompanim5t to ! song :i* s]ves z ! dance tune4 ,ea* song la/s f five to t5 m9utes1 & is repeat$ = sev]al h\rs cont9ually4 ,! drum-/rokes are beat5 9 pairs1 :i* gives ! impression ( diff]5ce 9 ! int]val ( "t betwe5 ! two /rokes ( "o pair & ! initial /roke ( ! next4 ,9 ?is dance1 :i* is always p]=m$ by a man ( highe/ /&+ 9 ! community1 a danc] may g ?r\gh ! necess>y motions ) ! feet )\t mov+ f ! position 9 :i* he is /&+1 or he may dance "o or m times ar\nd ! circle4 ,frequ5tly ! danc]s take at fir/ a complete turn ar\nd ! circle & come back to ! vic9ity ( ! orig9al seats & dance "h until ! tune is f9i%$4 ,! movem5t is ( a skipp+ /ep1 f ! ea/ to ! we/4 ,p]fect "t is kept 9 ! music no matt] :at movem5t may be employ$ by ! danc]4 ,two motions up & d[n are fir/ made ) "o heel & !n two motions ) ! o!r1 ^! be+ 9 p]fect unison ) ! d\ble /rokes ( ! drum /icks4 ,! position assum$ 9 ! danc+ is p]fectly erect1 ! weight ( ! body be+ rapidly %ift$ f "o foot to ! o!r1 z ! danc+ proce$s4 ,! foot is kept 9 a position :i* is ne>ly horizontal1 ! toe j t\*+ ! gr\nd at ea* /roke ( ! drum4 ,! dance beg9s at elev5 o'clock 9 ! morn+ & la/s until f\r 9 ! aft]noon4 ,a special fe/ival meal is s]v$ dur+ ! dance 9 ! circle4 ,( some:at diff]5t nature is ! ,gho/ ,dance1 :i* is p]=m$ 9 ! unclos$ area1 ! gr\nd be+ consecrat$ by ! prie/s be=e ! beg9n+ ( ! c]emony4 ,! features ( ?is are ! sacr$ cr[1 c]ta9 fea!rs1 arr[s1 & game /icks1 & a l>ge pole :i* is plac$ 9 ! c5tre ( ! danc+ area4 ,ab\t ?is ! danc]s circle 9 a m lively motion & ) light] /eps ?an ! danc]s 9 ! ,dream ,dance4 ,9 ?is !re are no musical in/rum5ts us$4 ,! m51 wom5 & *ildr5 take "p 9 ! ,gho/ ,dance1 _! faces pa9t$ ) symbolic designs4 ,! p>ticipants =m a circle1 ea* p]son grasp+ ! h& ( 8 adjac5t neighbor1 & all mov+ sidewise ) a dragg+1 %uffl+ /ep1 9 "t to ! songs :i* provide ! music4 ,! purpose ( ! ,dream ,dance is to communicate ) ! ,great ,_s ( ,life4 ,! ,gho/ ,dance has = its object ! communication ( ! p>ticipants ) ! spirits ( ! dep>t$ relatives & fri5ds1 ?is be+ accompli%$ by hypnotic trances induc$ ?r\gh ! ag5cy ( ! m$ic9e man4 ,! ,snake ,dance is a c]emony p]=m$ by ! ,indians ( ! s\!rn /ates4 ,?is is ( a gha/ly nature1 z ! danc] holds two rattlesnakes 9 8 m\? :ile execut+ 8 evolutions4 ,n only mu/ ! danc] be an arti/ :o c manage ! movem5t ( 8 face s t ! heads ( ! deadly snakes _c t\* 8 face or b>e upp] body1 b he has to "k ! secret words t neutralize ! poison ( ! snake1 9 case he %\ld be bitt54 ,?is dance1 l ! two above nam$1 is execut$ 9 a circle to ! *ant ( special s+]s4 ,?\gh ! ,indian uses musical in/rum5ts = 8 social c]emonies1 su* z ! turtle-%ell h>p1 wood5 flute & :i/les1 he nev] applies _! tunes to ! dances t h a m s]i\s or religi\s mean+4 ,! ,snake ,dance1 l ! ,dream ,dance1 is bas$ on a leg5d1 b ! /ory ( x is m involv$1 tragic & my/ic1 !re=e its gha/ly nature & weird symbolic ge/ures appe> m vivid & direct ?an ! !mes ( any o!r ( ! ,indian folk-dances4 ,b ! /eps & poses ( e ,indian dance are simil> to ea* o!r1 sl[1 compact1 impassive & dignifi$4 ,a /rong my/ic & symbolic feel+ p]vades ! limit$ ge/ures & mimic expressions4 /hetic ideas ) ! ,indian are closely int]wov5 ) ^? ( e?ics & religion4 ,!re is no?+ graceful1 amus+1 delicate or *>m+ 9 an ,indian dance1 !re=e our dance au?orities h ignor$ !m4 ,,*apt] ,v ,,dances ,,( ,,hebrews ,,& ,,arabs ,biblical allusions2 sacr$ dances2 ! ,salome episode & its mod]n influ5ce--,! ,arabs2 ,moori% floresc5ce 9 ! ,middle ,ages2 *>act]i/ics ( ! ,moori% dances2 ! dance 9 daily life2 ! h>em1 ! ,dance ( ,greet+2 pictorial quality ( ! ,arab dances4 ,i ,t danc+ 0 practic$ 9 temples & homes ( ! anci5t ,hebrews is evid5t f num]\s ,biblical allusions1 & is only natural :5 we consid] t !y 7 educat$ 9 ,egypt1 ! cradle ( danc+4 ,"s s*ol>s ma9ta9 t danc+ 0 a "p ( ,hebrew wor%ip1 po9t+ z a pro( ( _! !ory to ,david's danc+ be=e ! ,ark ( ! ,cov5ant & ! fact t ,moses1 aft] ! cross+ ( ! ,r$ ,sea1 bade ! *ildr5 ( ,israel to dance4 ,o!rs1 bas+ _! argum5ts on ! ,talmud1 d5y ?is4 ,x is v likely t ! danc+ :i* ! ,hebrews _h le>n$ 9 ,egypt soon deg5]at$ into crude %[s1 due to _! long nomadic des]t life1 f> f civilization4 ,only n[ & !n did "s ( _! k+s indulge 9 danc+ & try to revive ! vani%+ art4 ,david & ,solomon introduc$ danc+ at _! c\rts & 9 ! temple1 z we c see 9 ! ,bible3 #8,praise ! ,"l--praise him ) timbrel & dance4' #8,!n %all ! virg9 rejoice 9 ! dance4' #8,?\ %alt be aga9 adorn$ ) ?y tabrets1 & %alt g =? 9 ! dances1' etc4 ,on ano!r occasion we read h[ ! sons ( ,b5jam9 7 taught to capture _! wives4 #8,if ! daught]s ( ,%iloh come out to dance 9 dances1 !n come ye out ( ! v9ey>ds1 & cat* y e man 8 wife4--,& ! *ildr5 ( ,b5jam9 did s1 & took !m wives1 accord+ to _! numb] ( !m t danc$1 :om !y caught4' ,! ,dance ( ! ,gold5 ,calf1 :i* 0 plausibly an imitation ( ! ,egyptian ,apis ,dance1 0 mo/ sev]ely =bidd5 by ,moses4 ,s9ce ?is dance 0 "o ( ! pr9cipal c]emonial dances ( ,egypt1 x is evid5t t x _h root$ deep into ! s\l ( ! p & ,moses _h to resort to viol5t me?ods 9 ord] to aboli% x entirely4 ,we read 9 ! ,bible t to honor ! slay] ( ,golia?1 ! wom5 came out f all ! cities ( ,israel & receiv$ him ) s++ & danc+4 ,o!r hi/oric s\rces tell u t ! anci5t ,hebrews frequ5tly hir$ danc]s & musicians = _! social c]emonies4 ,!re are v>i\s ,byzant9e designs & inscriptions ( ! fif? & six? c5turies1 9 :i* ,k+ ,david is depict$ z a ballet ma/]1 ) a lyre 9 8 h&1 surr\nd$ by danc+ m5 & wom54 ,we read t :5 ,solomon f9i%$ ! ,new ,temple 9 ,j]usalem x 0 d$icat$ ) s++ & danc+4 ,x is evid5t t ! anci5t ,hebrew sacr$ dances 7 p]=m$ by m51 :ile wom5 figur$ exclusively 9 ! social danc+4 ,! ,jews 9 ,morocco employ pr(essional danc]s = ! celebration ( ! m>riage c]emony to-day4 ,! be/ kn[n ( ! anci5t ,hebrew dances is t ( ! celebrat$ ,salome4 ,?us we read 9 a *apt] ( ,/4 ,mat!w ( ! behead+ ( ,john ! ,bapti/3 #8,b :5 ,h]od's bir?day 0 kept1 ! daught] ( ,h]odias danc$ be=e !m1 & pleas$ ,h]od4 ,:]eupon he promis$ ) an oa? to give h] :atev] %e w\ld ask4' ,^! %ort rem>ks ( ! ,new ,te/am5t describe a gruesome trag$y t has inspir$ hundr$s ( arti/s to amplify ) _! imag9ation :at has be5 left unsaid 9 ! ,gospel4 ,moreau1 ,botticelli1 ,dolci1 ,r5o & ,/uck h produc$ immortal pa9t+s ( ,salome4 ,"s ( !m h depict$ h] z a /ately society lady ( h] times1 ! o!rs %[ h] ei!r frivol\s1 abnormal or "u ! spell ( n>cotics & w9e4 ,_m gruesome leg5ds h ris5 ab\t ! dea? ( ,salome1 accord+ to :i* %e committ$ suicide by dr[n+4 ,b an accurate hi/oric inve/igation has reveal$ t %e 0 m>ri$ to ! ,tetr>* ,philip1 aft] ^: dea? %e became ! wife ( ,ari/obul1 ! son ( ,h]od1 & di$ at ! age ( #ed4 ,be t z x may1 ! ,salome episode is an eloqu5t pro( t danc+ 0 cultivat$ by ! ,hebrews & t _! daught]s 7 educat$ 9 ?is art ei!r by ,egyptian or ,greek ma/]s4 ,sev]al o!r hi/oric allusions %[ t ,greek danc]s w5t (t5 to ,j]usalem to give !re p]=mances dur+ ! national fe/ivals4 ,plut>* writes t ri* ,hebrews came to ! ,olympic & ,dionysian ,fe/ivals & 7 eag] to le>n ,greek music & danc+4 ,b evid5tly ! ,greek arts _h ! lea/ influ5ce ^u ! ,hebrews1 ^: m9ds _h be5 tra9$ 9 ! /rict ,mosaic code ( morals to foll[ only ! autocratic comm&m5ts ( ! ,"l1 & to leave all ! arts ( o!r races alone4 ,l ! ,confucian philosophy 9 ,*9a1 ! ,mosaic e?ics 9 ,pale/9e put a /amp ( /hetic /agnation on ,hebrew national life4 ,= ?is v reason ! ,hebrews nev] develop$ a national art1 p>ticul>ly a national music or national dance4 ,! ,salome ( ,ri*>d ,/rauss has inspir$ _m ( our ,we/]n danc]s to p]sonify ! anci5t h]o9e4 ,) ! exception ( ,ida ,rub9/e9 & ,nata%a ,tr\hanova1 ! ,salome dances ( all ! ,european or ,am]ican aspirants h be5 ( no importance4 ,!re are *>act]i/ics to be se5 9 a few old inscriptions ( danc+ ,hebrew prie/s :i* express mo/ =cibly _! peculi> n]v\s poses & quick ge/ures4 ,european *oreography has = ! mo/ "p fail$ to grasp ! pr9cipal features ( ! vani%$ ,hebrew dances4 ,,ii ,( all liv+ ,ori5tal races ! ,arabs %[ ! mo/ innate in/9ct = danc+4 ,judg+ f ! ru9s ( ! ar*itecture t ! ,moors h left 9 ,spa9 we c see t !y knew m ?an ! m]e elem5t>y rules ( /hetic l9e & =m1 :i* is ! v ess5tial ( a dance4 ,! ru9s ( ! maje/ic ,alhambra speak a language t fills u ) an awe4 ,no ar*itects ( o!r races1 ei!r dead or liv+1 h rea*$ t h>mony ( l9e :i* is pla9ly visible 9 ?is /ructural ma/]piece ( humanity4 ,s9ce1 accord+ to ! views ( all /hetic psy*ologi/s1 danc+ & ar*itecture develop z alli$ arts1 ! ,moors mu/ h develop$ a high degree ( danc+ 9 ! ,middle ,ages1 :5 ! re/ ( ! _w 0 %ak5 by b>b>ic w>s & rul$ by ecclesia/ic fanaticism4 ,h[ev]1 ! ,mohamm$an religion prohibits pa9t+ & sculpture1 !re=e we f9d no frescoes or decorations 9 ! walls ( ! ,moori% ca/les or ,mosques t c\ld give an idea ( ! /yle & p]fection ( ! danc+ t 0 taught 9 ,cadiz4 ,! ,greek & ,roman writ]s allude frequ5tly to ! fi]y & passionate dances t 7 exhibit$ by ! graduates ( ,cadiz1 #8:i* surpass$ any?+ ! p _h se5 be=e4' ,we "k t ! ,moors taught danc+ to _! boys & girls alike4 ,fur!rmore1 we "k t _! dances diff]$ di/9ctly f ^? ( ! ,greeks & ,egyptians4 ,! danc+ tea*]s at ,cadiz emphasiz$ agility ( legs1 s(tness & grace ( ! body & a vivid te*nique ( imitation4 ,passion 0 ! pr9cipal !me ( _! fem99e dances1 & 0 express$ ) ! te*nique ( virtuosity4 ,x is said t ! ,califs ( ,seville kept a /aff ( fifty tra9$ danc]s at _! c\rt4 ,! ess5tial feature ( ,arabian danc+ 0 ! graphic production ( pictorial episodes1 9 ri* h>moni\s l9es ( ! body1 s5su\s grace ( ! poses & s9u\s elegance ( movem5t4 ,a special emphasis 0 plac$ ^u ! exhibition ( ! mo/ p]fect womanly beauty4 ,to complete ! task ( ar*itectural p]fection an ,arabic danc] 0 taught to /udy c>efully ! geometric laws ( nature & elim9ate ! crudities acquir$ 9 ev]yday life4 ,! pr9cipal musical in/rum5t ( ! ,moori% danc]s 0 ! ,african guit>1 :i* 0 _! national inv5tion4 ,mo/ ( ! great ,arab danc]s 7 wom51 :o pref]r$ to dance )\t a mascul9e p>tn]4 ,ord9>ily !y danc$ to ! music ( two or ?ree diff]5tly tun$ guit>s1 & only on fe/ival occasions or 9 appe>ances at c\rt 0 ! music suppli$ by an or*e/ra ( t5 or m4 ,already ! ,arabs _h _! musical notation1 set 9 ?ree colors3 r$1 gre51 & blue4 ,fragm5ts ( _! m$ival music notation 7 rec5tly discov]$ by a ,fr5* s*ol> & 7 successfully deciph]$4 ,x appe>s t _m ( ! dance melodies /ill 9 use 9 ,spa9 are ( ,moori% desc5t4 ,! ,k9neys1,a :o seem+ly h made a /udy ( ,spani% & mod]n ,arab danc+1 write ( x graphically1 z foll[s3 ,a ,troy & ,m>g>et ,we/ ,k9ney3 ,! ,dance 7,new ,york1 #aiad74 #8,( =mulat$ dances ! ,arab has few1 & ^? no m set ?an are ! words ( our /ories3 ! po9t mu/ n be miss$1 b we may *oose our own vocabul>y4 ,9 t]ms ( ! dance1 ! ,arab ent]ta9] tells /ories2 9 ! case ( kn[n & popul> /ories %e foll[s ! accept$ n>rative1 b improvises ! movem5ts & poses t express x1 exactly z ?\gh !y 7 spok5 words in/ead ( pantomime4 ,some:at less fre$om necess>ily obta9s 9 ! n>ration ( dance-poems ?an 9 ! recital ( trifl+ incid5ts2 b )9 ! necess>y limits1 orig9ality is priz$4 ,9 ! mimetic vocabul>y are c]ta9 phrases t are dep5d$ ^u to convey _! def9ite mean+s4 ,new ^w-equival5ts1 h[ev]1 are always 9 ord]1 if !y c /& ! se>*+ te/ ( eyes educat$ 9 beauty & m9ds tra9$ to exact ?9k+4 #8,ne>ly unlimit$ z x is 9 scope1 delightful z x unfail+ly is to ^? :o "k x1 ,arabic danc+ suits occasions ( a v>iety ( :i* ! dances ( ,europe nev] dream$4 ,9 ! caf x div]ts & sometimes demoralizes4 ,9 8 h\se ! ma/] wat*es ! danc+ ( 8 slaves1 dream+ "u ! n>cotic spell ( rhy?m4 ,on ^? r>e occasions :5 ! dem&s ( diplomacy or bus9ess compel him to br+ a gue/ into 8 h\se1 ! danc+ ( slaves is dep5d$ ^u to ent]ta94 ,8 wives dance be=e him to please 8 eye1 & to cajole him into con=mity ) _! desires4 ,ev5 ! news ( ! day is danc$1 s9ce ! doctr9es ( ,mohamm$ deprecate ! pr9t+ ( almo/ ev]y?+ except ! ,koran4 ,reports ( curr5t ev5ts rea* ! male population 9 ! m>ket & ! caf4 ,at home m5 talk little ( outside affairs1 & wom5 d n get out except to visit o!rs ( _! k9d1 z isolat$ f ! _w z !mselves4 ,b !y get all ! news t is likely to int]e/ !m1 none ! less2 at lea/ ! happ5+s 9 ! _w ( ,mohamm$anism4 #8,z v5dors ( in=mation ( pass+ ev5ts1 !re are wom5 t w&] 9 pairs f city to city1 f h>em to h>em1 l b>ds ( ! e>ly ,nor?4 ,z wom5 !y are admitt$ to wom5's ap>tm5ts4 ,!re1 :ile "o rhy?mically pantomimes de$s ( w> to ! cloi/]$ ones t nev] saw a soldi]1 or graphically imitates ! puni%m5t ( a malefactor 9 ! m>ket place1 h] companion *ants1 ) falsetto :9es1 a descriptive & rhy?mic accompanim5t4 ,?us is ! h>em protect$ aga9/ ! risk ( n>r[ness4 #8,9 ! daily life ( ! h>em1 danc+ is "o ( ! favor$ pa/imes4 ,wom5 dance to amuse !mselves & to ent]ta9 "o ano!r4 ,9 ! dance1 z 9 music & embroid]y1 !re is endless int]e/1 & a _s ( emulation usually fri5dly4 #8,"o ( ! comp>atively =maliz$ mimetic expressions is ! 8,dance ( ,greet+10 ! function ( :i* is to honor a gue/ :5 occasion br+s him into ! h\se4 ,let x be imag9$ t c(fee & cig>ettes h be5 s]v$ to two grave g5tlem52 t "o has express$ bewild]m5t at ! magnific5ce ( ! e/abli%m5t1 & 8 op9ion t too great honor has be5 done him 9 p]mitt+ him to ent] x2 t ! ho/ has duly made reply t 8 gr&*ildr5 w tell ) pride ( ! day :5 ! poor h\se 0 s honor$ t su* a "o set 8 foot )9 x4 ,aft] :i* a %]bet1 m c(fee & cig>ettes4 ,:5 ! "t seems propiti\s1 ! ho/ sugge/s to ! gue/ t if 9 8 great k9dness he w look at h]1 he--! ho/--w\ld l p]mission to ord] a slave to try to ent]ta9 ) a dance4 #8,! musicians squatt+ aga9/ ! wall beg9 ! wail+ ( ! flute1 ! hypnotic ?rob ( 8d>abukkeh40 ,%e :o is design$ to dance ! ,greet+ ent]s hold+ be=e h] a long sc>f t half conceals h]2 ! expression on h] face is surprise1 z ?\gh honor _h fall5 to h] beyond h] m]its or expectation4 ,^u rea*+ h] place %e ext5ds h] arms =w>d1 !n sl[ly moves !m1 & ) !m ! sc>f1 to "o side1 until %e is reveal$4 ,:5 a nod confirms ! comm& to dance1 %e quickly drops ! sc>f to ! floor1 advances to a place be=e ! gue/ & ne> him1 & honors him ) a slave's salutation4 ,!n aris+ %e proce$s to h] sil5t ,greet+4 99 99 99 #8,! ,arabian dance is n a dance ( movem5t2 x is a dance ( pictures1 to :i* movem5t is :olly subord9ate4 ,ea* b> ( ! music accompanies a picture complete 9 itself4 ,)9 ! measure ( ea* b> ! danc] has "t = ! movem5ts lead+ f "o picture to ! next1 & to hold ! picture = ! in/ant necess>y to give emphasis4 ,at :atev] mom5t %e may be /opp$1 !re=e1 %e is )9 less ?an a mom5t's pose s p]fectly balanc$ t x appe>s z a natural t]m9ation ( ! dance4 ,! ,ori5tal's g5]al indiff]5ce to ! =ces ( accumulation & climax are consi/5t ) su* a caprici\s end+4 ,9 8 dance ea* phrase is complete 9 itself2 x may be lik5$ to "o ( ^? s]ial /ories 9 our magaz9es1 9 :i* ea* in/allm5t ( ! /ory is self-suffici5t4 #8,to ! ,occid5tal unus$ to ,ori5tal art1 ! abs5ce ( cresc5do & climax1 & ! sub/itut$ it]ation c>ri$ on endlessly1 is un9t]e/+4 ,nev]!less1 a few days ( life among ,ori5tal conditions suffice to ?r[ _m a sc(f] into attunem5t ) ! ,ori5tal art idea1 :i* is to soo!1 n to /imulate4 ,moori% ornam5t is an indef9itely repeat$ s]ies ( m>vell\sly design$ units1 ea* complete 9 itself1 yet inextricably int]wov5 ) its neighbors4 ,9 music ! beats cont9ue un*ang+ ?r\gh b> aft] b>1 phrase aft] phrase4 ,! rhy?mic repetition ( ! tile-designs on ! wall1 ! decorative repetition ( ! beats ( music1 produce a spell ( dreamy vision+ comp>able only to ! effect ( "s pot5t b h>mless n>cotic4' ,f all mod]n obs]vations & anci5t records x is evid5t t ! ,arabs' dances diff]$ ess5tially f _! ,ea/]n neighbors4 ,spa9 und\bt$ly is ! only ,occid5tal c\ntry t has pres]v$ 9 its vivid national dances1 ,jotas1 ,bol]os1 ,seguidillas & ,f&angos1 ! mutilat$ & de=m$ elem5ts ( ! vani%$ *oreography ( ,cadiz4 ,?\gh ! ,moor has left s few records ( 8 highly cultivat$ art ( danc+1 yet 8 spectral %ad[ hangs ov] ! race beyond ! ,pyr5ees4 ,( all ! liv+ civiliz$ nations ! ,spani>ds1 m ?an any o!rs1 are ju/ly ! v inc>nation ( ! vani%$ magic ,arabs 9 dance4 ,a /udi\s obs]v] f9ds 9 ,spani% dances all ! hy/]ia1 magic1 s$uctiv5ess & s(tness t 0 practic$ by m$ival ,arab danc]s4 ,& !n ! co/umes--mo/ picturesque & romantic--t ! ,spani% wom5 use 9 _! dances are simil> 9 _! l9es & colors to ^? t 7 worn by ! ,moori% girls :o ent]ta9$ ) _! magic dances a ,cleopatra & a ,cs>4 ,,*apt] ,,vi ,,danc+ ,,9 ,,anci5t ,,greece ,hom]ic te/imony2 importance ( ! dance 9 ,greek life2 ,x5ophon's description2 ,greek religion & ! dance2 ,t]psi*ore--,danc+ ( y\?s1 educational value2 ,greek dance music2 ,hypor*ema & ,saltation2 ,gymnopdia2 ! ,pyrrhic dance2 ! ,dipoda & ! ,babasis2 ! ,emmeleia2 ! ,cordax2 ! ,hormos--,greek !atres2 comp>ison ( p]iods2 ! ,eleus9ian my/]ies2 ! ,dionysian my/]ies2 ! ,het]2 te*nique4 ,i ,be/ kn[n to u ( all ! anci5t & exotic dances are ^? ( ! ,greeks4 ,9 ,greece danc+ 0 an actual language1 int]pret+ all s5tim5ts & passions4 ,ari/otle speaks ( ,saltators ^: dances mirror$ ! mann]s1 ! passions & ! actions ( m54 ,ab\t ?ree hundr$ ye>s be=e ! ,augu/an era danc+ 9 ,greece _h rea*$ an apo!osis t x has nev] rea*$ 9 any o!r c\ntry 9 ! hi/ory ( anci5t civilization4 ,accurate in=mation ab\t ! anci5t ,greek dances is giv5 n only 9 num]\s fresco pa9t+s1 reliefs & sculptures1 b 9 ! works ( ,hom]1 ,ari/otle1 ,plato1 ,lucian1 ,ari/ophanes1 ,hesiod & _m o!rs4 ,t danc+ 0 highly e/eem$ z an accompli%m5t = "y ladies 9 ! ,h]oic ,age we may ga!r f ! six? book ( ! ,odyssey1 :5 g5tle :ite-arm$ ,nausicaa1 ! daught] ( a k+1 is repres5t$ z lead+ h] companions 9 ! *oral lay aft] !y _h wa%$ _! l95 9 ! /ream1 & amus$ !mselves a:ile ) a game ( ball4 ,ulysses complim5ts h] especially ^u h] *oric skill1 say+ t if %e %\ld *ance to be "o ( ^? mortals :o dwell on e>? h] bro!r & v5]able "m mu/ be ev] delight$ :5 !y behold h] ent]+ ! dance4 ,we read h[ ,ulysses 0 ent]ta9$ at ! c\rt ( ,alc9\s1 ! fa!r ( ! "y lady :o _h befri5d$ him1 & ^: danc+ he _h s greatly admir$4 ,! admiration ( ! w&]] 0 excit$ by ! rapid & skillful movem5ts ( ! danc]s1 :o 7 n maid5s only1 b y\?s 9 ! prime ( life4 ,pres5tly two ( ! mo/ accompli%$ y\?s1 ,halius & ,laodamus1 7 select$ by ,alc9\s to exhibit _! skill 9 a dance1 dur+ :i* "o p]=m] ?rew a ball high 9 ! air :ile ! o!r caught x betwe5 8 feet be=e x rea*$ ! gr\nd4 ,f ! fur!r description x appe>s t ?is 0 a true dance & n a m]e acrobatic p]=mance1 & t ! purple ball 0 us$ by ! p>ticipants simply z an accessory4 ,! tw5ty-?ird book ( ! same poem tells u t danc+ among ! gue/s at w$d+ fe/ivals =m$ 9 ^! e>ly times an ess5tial "p ( ! c]emonies4 ,! w&]]1 hav+ be5 recogniz$ by ! fai?ful ,p5elope1 tells 8 son1 ,telema*us1 to let ! div9e b>d :o has ! tuneful h>p lead ! sportive dance1 s t anyone he>+ x f )\t may say x is a m>riage4 ,hom] ?\ght s highly ( danc+ t 9 ! #8,iliad' he calls x #8irreproa*able4' ,9 describ+ v>i\s sc5es :i* ,vulcan wr\ght on ! %ield ( ,a*illes1 he associates danc+ ) hym5eal fe/ivities4 ,no ,a!nian fe/ivals 7 ev] celebrat$ )\t danc+4 ,! design ) :i* ! gods us$ to adorn ! %ields ( h]oes repres5t$ ! dance contriv$ by ,ddalus = fair-hair$ ,ariadne4 ,9 ?is dance y\?s ) tunics & gold5 swords susp5d$ f silv] belts1 & virg9s clo!d 9 f9e l95 robes & we>+ beautiful g>l&s1 danc$ toge!r1 hold+ ea* o!r by ! wri/s4 ,!y danc$ 9 a circle1 b\nd+ nimbly ) skill$ feet1 z :5 a pott]1 sitt+1 %all make trial ( a :eel fitt$ to 8 h&s1 :e!r x w run2 & at o!r times !y ran back to _! places betwe5 "o ano!r4 ,gal5 compla9$ t #8s mu* d !y give !mselves up to ?is pleasure1 ) su* activity d !y pursue x1 t ! necess>y arts are neglect$4' ,! ,greek fe/ivals 9 :i* danc+ 0 a feature 7 innum]able4 ,! ,py?ian1 ,m>a?on1 ,olympic & all o!r great national games op5$ ) & end$ ) danc+4 ,! fun]al feats ( ,&rogeonia & ,pollux1 ! fe/ivals ( ,bac*us1 ,jupit]1 ,m9]va1 ,diana1 ,apollo1 & ! ,fea/s ( ! ,muses & ( ,naxos 7 celebrat$ pr$om9antly ) danc+ c]emonies4 ,accord+ to ,scalig] danc+ play$ an important "p 9 ! ,py?ian games1 repres5tations :i* may be look$ ^u z ! fir/ utt]ances ( ! dramatic ,muse1 z !y 7 divid$ into five acts1 & 7 compos$ ( poetic n>rative ) imitative music p]=m$ by *oruses & dances4 ,lucian assures u t if danc+ =m$ no "p ( ! program 9 ! ,olympian games1 x 0 because ! ,greeks ?\ght no prizes c\ld adequately rew>d x4 ,socrates danc$ ) ,aspasia & ,ari/ides danc$ at a banquet giv5 by ,dionysius ( ,syracuse4 ,! ,greeks danc$ always & ev]y:]e4 ,!y danc$ 9 ! temples1 9 ! woods & 9 ! fields4 ,e social or family ev5t1 bir?1 m>riage & dea?1 gave occasion = a dance4 ,cybele1 ! "m ( ! ,immortals1 taught danc+ to ! ,corybantes ^u ,m\nt ,ida & to ! ,curetes 9 ! isl& ( ,crete4 ,apollo dictat$ *oreographic laws ?r\gh ! m\?s ( 8 prie/esses4 ,priapus1 "o ( ! ,titans1 taught ! god ( w> h[ to dance be=e in/ruct+ him 9 /rategics4 ,! h]oes foll[$ ! example ( ! gods4 ,!seus celebrat$ 8 victory ov] ! ,m9otaur ) dances4 ,ca/or & ,pollux creat$ ! ,c>yatis1 a nude dance p]=m$ by ,sp>tan maids on ! banks ( ! ,eurotas4 ,x is writt5 t s*ylus & ,ari/ophanes danc$ 9 public 9 _! own plays4 ,philip ( ,mac$onia m>ri$ a danc] by :om he _h a son :o succe$$ ,alex&]4 ,nicom$es1 ,k+ ( ,pi?ynia1 0 ! son ( a danc+ girl4 ,?is art 0 s e/eem$ t great danc]s & ballet ma/]s 7 *os5 to act z public m54 ,! be/ ,greek danc]s came f ! ,arcadians4 ,! ma9 aim ( ! ,greek danc]s 0 to contrive ! mo/ p]fect pla/ic l9es 9 ! v>i\s poses ( ! human body1 & 9 ?is sculpture 0 _! ideal4 ,x is said t ! div9e sculpture ( ,greece 0 inspir$ by ! high /&>d ( national *oreography4 ,?\gh we "k little ( ! ,greek dance music1 yet occasional allusions in=m u t x 0 in/rum5tal & vocal4 ,?us ,a!nu says3 #8,! ,hypor*ematic ,dance is t 9 :i* ! *orus dances :ile s++4' ,x5ophon writes 9 8 six? book ( #8,anabasis' z foll[s3 #8,aft] libations 7 made1 & ! gue/s _h sung a pan1 !re rose up fir/ ! ,?racians1 & danc$ 9 arms to ! music ( a flute1 & jump$ up v high ) light jumps1 & us$ _! swords4 ,& at la/ "o ( !m /rikes ano!r1 s t x seem$ to ev]yone t ! man 0 w\nd$2 & he fell d[n 9 a v clev] mann]1 & all ! by/&]s rais$ an outcry4 ,& he :o /ruck him1 hav+ /ripp$ him ( 8 arms1 w5t out s++ sitacles2 & o!rs ( ! ,?racians c>ri$ out 8 antagoni/ z if he 7 dead1 b 9 reality he 0 n hurt4 ,aft] ?is "s nianians & ,magnesians rose up1 :o danc$ ! dance call$ ,c>pa1 !y1 too1 be+ 9 armor4 ,& ! fa%ion ( ! dance 0 l ?is3 ,"o man1 hav+ laid aside 8 arms1 is s[+ & driv+ a yoke ( ox51 con/antly look+ ar\nd1 z if he 7 afraid4 ,!n comes up a robb]2 b ! s[]1 z soon z he sees him1 snat*es up 8 arms1 & fights 9 def5ce ( 8 team 9 regul> "t to ! music ( ! flute1 & at la/ ! robb]1 hav+ b\nd ! man1 c>ries (f ! team2 b sometimes ! s[] conqu]s ! robb]1 & !n1 b9d+ him alongside 8 ox51 he ties 8 h&s beh9d him & drives him =w>d4' ,ano!r anci5t ,greek dance is graphically describ$ by ,x5ophon z x 0 giv5 by ,callias to ent]ta9 8 gue/s1 among :om 0 ,socrates4 ,! dance repres5t$ ! m>riage ( ,dionysos & ,ariadne4 #8,ariadne1 dress$ l a bride1 comes 9 & takes h] place4 ,dionysos ent]s1 danc+ to ! music4 ,! spectators did all admire ! "y man's c>riage1 & ,ariadne h]self is s affect$ ) ! sight t %e may h>dly sit4 ,aft] a :ile ,dionysos1 behold+ ,ariadne1 &1 inc5s$ ) love1 b[+ to h] knees1 embraces & kisses h] fir/1 & kisses h] ) grace4 ,%e embraces him aga91 & kisses him ) ! l affection4' ,! nature ( ! ,greek religion 0 su* t _m ( _! sacr$ dances w\ld1 accord+ to our conv5tions1 be f> m %ock+ ?an ^? :i* !y p]=m$ socially4 ,9 ! ,hom]ic hymn to ,apollo we read h[ ! ,ionians ) _! wives & *ildr5 7 accu/om$ to assemble 9 honor ( ! god1 & delight him ) _! s++ & danc+4 ,! poet describes t danc+ 0 at t "t an art 9 :i* ev]ybody c\ld jo91 & t x 0 by no means cultivat$ only by pr(essional arti/s4 ,?\gh ! ,ionians contribut$ mu* to ! developm5t ( ! art ( danc+1 yet 9 lat] ye>s ^! deg5]at$ into voluptu\s ge/iculations & s5su\s poses kn[n by ! ,romans z #8,ionic ,movem5ts4' ,9 ano!r "p ( ! same poem ,hom] depicts #8! fair-hair$ ,graces1 ! wise ,h\rs & ,h>mony1 & ,hebe & ,v5us1 ! daught] ( ,jove1 dance1 hold+ ea* o!r by ! wri/s4 ,apollo /rikes ! h>p1 tak+ gr& & l(ty /eps1 & a %9+ haze surr\nds him1 & ! light glitt]s on 8 feet & on 8 well-fitt$ tunic4' ,pan1 :o 0 consid]$ by ! ,greeks z well z by ! ,egyptians "o ( ! great] gods1 is repres5t$ by ,hom] z go+ hi!r & ?i!r 9 ! mid/ ( ! danc]s mov+ rapidly ) 8 feet4 ,h[ev]1 8 danc+ mu/ h be5 s+ul>ly devoid ( grace1 z mo/ ( ! designs kn[n to u depict him z a patron ( %eph]ds 9 ,arcadia1 gay & old-fa%ion$4 ,all o!r gods & goddesses ( ! fir/ ord] 7 suppos$ to be accompli%$ arti/s 9 danc+4 ,! rec5tly f\nd bronze vase 9 a ,phnician s>cophagus1 on ! isl& ( ,crete1 conta9s designs ( unusually s(t =ms ( nak$ danc+ girls foll[+ ,apollo4 ,?is be/ illu/ration ( ! ,apollo c]emony goes to %[ t ! ,phnicians _h le>n$ danc+ f ! ,greeks & imitat$ !m successfully4 ,z ?or\gh z 7 all ! ,greek gods & goddesses 9 _! k & tal5t ( danc+1 yet !y 7 f> surpass$ by ,t]psi*ore1 ! real goddess ( danc+ & "o ( ! n9e ,muses :o always surr\nd$ ,apollo4 ,mo/ ( ! recov]$ ,greek draw+s & sculptures repres5t ,t]psi*ore ei!r sitt+ or /&+1 b always ) a lyre 9 h] h&4 ,! inv5tion ( ! lyre 0 attribut$ to h]4 ,a pa9t+1 discov]$ 9 ! excavat$ city1 ,h]culaneum1 repres5ts h] /&+ ) ! lyre 9 h] uplift$ h&4 ,ano!r small] draw+ describes h] ) a wrea? on h] head :ile execut+ a graceful dance ) o!r ,muses4 ,v>i\s m$ival arti/s repres5t$ 9 _! works ,t]psi*ore danc+ ) a fl[] 9 h] h& & an e!real veil float+ ar\nd h] head4 ,"o ( ! ,greek leg5ds tells u t %e 0 ! "m ( ! s++ ,sir5s4 ,,ii ,all records indicate t dances 9 ,greece 7 p]=m$ by m5 & wom5 alike4 ,9 "s ( ^! dances !y wore a loose g>m5t1 keep+ _! arms & legs b>e2 9 o!rs !y danc$ p]fectly nak$4 ,"s dances 7 p]=m$ by girls alone & o!rs by boys1 b (t5 !y m+l$ freely4 ,! ,greek cu/oms g5]ally p]mitt$ ! free/ int]c\rse betwe5 "y p ( bo? sexes1 :o 7 specially br\ght into contact at ! great religi\s fe/ivals & *oruses4 ,x seems t ! y\?s :o _h di/+ui%$ !mselves at ! public dances expect$ no o!r rew>d ?an smiles ( appreciation f ! girls pres5t1 & dread$ no?+ s mu* z _! indiff]5ce4 ,! con/ant practice ( danc+ by y\?s ( bo? sexes f _! e>lie/ ye>s 0 meant to imp>t to !m precision ( movem5t1 suppl5ess ( body1 pliant & firm action ( limbs1 cel]ity ( motion & all ^? physical qualities t w\ld be advantage\s 9 w>f>e & elevat+ or ennobl+ 9 ev]yday life4 ,plato praises ! quickness ( ! body z ! mo/ reliable m$ium ( w>f>e4 ,! ,greeks develop$ su* beautiful bodies t !y dislik$ to hide _! pla/ic l9es ) any g>m5ts1 !re=e !y pref]r$ to appe> nak$1 & m s 9 ! temples & !at]s ?an 9 _! homes or 9 society4 ,! fact t all ! ,greek sculpture is nude c be attribut$1 n to any ab/ract art ideals1 b to ! actual cu/om ( ! "t4 ,! fir/ =m ( ! ,greek dance music 0 vocal1 sung by a *orus2 9 lat] times !y began to use z accompanim5t to s++ c]ta9 *rotals1 or ca/aets4 ,dur+ ! ,hom]ic era1 ! lyre 0 us$ pr$om9ately4 ,9 lat] c5turies ! flute 7aulos7 0 introduc$4 ,! vocal music 0 produc$ by soloi/s & by male or mix$ *oruses4 ,frequ5tly ! danc]s !mselves sang or play$ ! music & danc$ at ! same "t4 ,h[ev]1 ! danc]s ( ! f\r? c5tury nev] furni%$ _! own music4 ,accord+ to ! ?ree pr9cipal divisions ( ! ,greek my?ology 7! cult ( ,e>? & ,heav51 ! cult ( ,*ronos1 ,titans & ,cyclops1 & ! cult ( ,zeus & ! #ab ,olympic div9ities7 ! sacr$ dances ( ,greece c be divid$ into simil> gr\ps4 ,all ! ,greek deities1 ev5 ,zeus1 7 consid]$ accompli%$ danc]s4 ,s9ce !y enjoy$ danc+ !mselves x 0 only natural t !y %\ld l to see danc+ includ$ z "p ( _! wor%ip4 ,cupid1 ! naughty little god ( love1 is depict$ 9 mo/ cases danc+4 ,! f\r? c5tury figur9e ( a ,bac*ante 9 ?9 & supple drap]ies1 :irl+ ar\nd on "o foot1 looks v mu* l a ballet danc] ( to-day4 ,! olde/ ( ! ,greek dances 0 probably ! ,hypor*ema1 :i* 0 accompani$ by ! *orus4 ,?\gh develop$ 9 diff]5t /yles1 x always kept a religi\s "* & 0 look$ ^u z ! fir/ ,greek attempts at saltation1 9 :i*1 z ! "n betrays1 song & dance 7 int]m+l$4 ,! e>lie/ use made ( saltation 0 9 connection ) poetry4 ,a!nu says1 h[ev]1 t ! e>ly poets _h res\rce to ! figures ( saltation only z symbols ( images & ideas depict$ 9 _! v]se4 ,all dances ( ! ,hypor*ema class 7 dignifi$ & elevat$1 m5 & wom5 alike tak+ "p 9 !m4 ,"s attribute _! orig9 to ! ,delians1 :o sang !m ar\nd ! alt>s ( ,apollo4 ,o!rs ascribe _! inv5tion to ! ,cretans1 taught by ,?ales4 ,( lat] desc5t1 b m practic$ ?an ! ,hypor*ema1 7 ! ,gymnopdia1 favor$ especially by ! ,lac$monians 9 _! fe/ivals ( ,apollo4 ,?is 0 consid]$ "o ( ! mo/ noble & praisewor?y ( ! anci5t dances4 ,at ! fe/ivals ! ,gymnopdias 7 at fir/ p]=m$ by l>ge *oruses ( m5 & boys1 b lat] ! maid5s 7 p]mitt$ to jo9 !m also4 ,!n ! m5 & wom5 danc$ 9 sep>ate *oirs4 ,! *oragus1 or lead]1 0 cr[n$ ) palm leaves1 & x 0 8 privilege to defray ! exp5ses ( ! *orus4 ,all :o took "p 9 ?is _h to be well-tra9$ danc]s1 z x 0 ! cu/om 9 ,sp>ta t all *ildr5 %\ld comm5ce to receive *oreographic in/ruction f ! age ( five4 ,max ,mll] says1 ?\gh ?is dance 0 p]=m$ p]fectly nude1 x enjoy$ a high reputation4 ,mll] is ( op9ion t music 0 g5]ally cultivat$ by ! ,dorians & ,arcadians ow+ to ! circum/ance t #8wom5 took "p 9 x1 & sang & danc$ 9 public1 bo? ) m5 & by !mselves4' ,music & danc+ 7 taught to ! females at ! ,laconian capital1 :ile h\sekeep+ 0 reg>d$ z a degrad+ occupation4 ,"o ( ! public dances mo/ favor$ by ! ,lac$monians 0 ! ,pyrrhic ,dance4 ,lucian attributes its inv5tion to ,neoptolemus1 ! son ( ,a*illes1 :o s mu* excell$ 9 ?is t he enri*$ x ) a f9e new species1 :i* f 8 surname ,pyrrhicus receiv$ its title4 ,! influ5ce ( ?is dance mu/ h ext5d$ to ! remote/ & mo/ b>b>\s nations1 = n only ! ,romans b ! ,mongolians practic$ x4 ,t x und]w5t consid]able modification 9 lat] times is evid5t f :at ,a!nu says3 #8,! ,pyrrhic ,dance z x exi/s 9 our own "t appe>s to be a sort ( ,bac*ic dance1 & a little m pacific ?an ! old "o2 = ! danc]s c>ry ?yrsi in/ead ( spe>s1 & !y po9t & d>t canes at "o ano!r1 & c>ry tor*es4 ,& !y dance figures hav+ ref]5ce to ,bac*us & ! ,indians1 & to ! /ory ( ,p5!us2 & !y require = ! ,pyrrhic ,dance ! mo/ beautiful airs4' ,! ,pyrrhic ,dance 9 its e>ly /age 0 a k9d ( w> dance1 z ! p]=m]s employ$ e type ( arms4 ,! figures ( ! dance repres5t$ a k9d ( mimic battle1 & ! movem5ts ( ! danc]s 7 g5]ally light1 rapid1 & em95tly *>act]i/ic4 ,!re 7 figures repres5t+ ! pursuit or retreat ( an enemy2 !n aga9 !re 7 movem5ts & positions ( ! body by :i* spe> ?ru/s1 d>ts1 & w\nds g5]ally c\ld be avoid$4 ,o!r k9d ( movem5ts sugge/$ aggressive actions1 /rik+ ) ! sword or us+ ! arr[4 ,all ^! movem5ts 7 p]=m$ 9 ! mo/ accurate rhy?m to ! music ( flutes4 ,! numb] ( ! anci5t ,greek dances is s l>ge t we c c\nt on ?is occasion only ^? :i* are already kn[n m or less ?r\gh classic lit]ature4 ,wide popul>ity 0 enjoy$ by ! ,lysi/rata1 ,dipoda1 ,bibasis1 ,hymnea1 & ! /age dances1 ,cordax1 ,emmeleia1 ,hormos1 ,endymatia & ! celebrat$ religi\s ,my/]ies ( ,aphrodite1 ,apollo1 ,demetrius1 ,dionysius1 etc4 ,mo/ ( ^? elegant female danc]s :om we f9d repres5t$ on anci5t bas-reliefs1 ) _! heads cr[n$1 re$s 9 _! h&s rais$ above !m1 are execut+ ! ,dipoda1 :i* ,ari/ophanes has us$ z ! climax 9 8 celebrat$ com$y ,lysi/rata4 ,?is is :at ! au?or himself writes ( ! dance3 #8,come "h to celebrate ,sp>ta1 :]e !re are *oruses 9 honor ( ! gods & ! noise ( danc+1 :]e1 l "y horses1 ! maid5s on ! banks ( ! ,eurotas rapidly move _! feet1 & _! dresses are agitat$ l ^? ( bac*anals1 br&i%+ ! ?yrsus & sport+1 & ! *a/e daught] ( ,l$a1 ! lovely lead] ( ! *orus1 directs !m4 ,n[ come1 b9d up y\r hair1 & leap l fawns2 n[ /rike ! measur$ tune :i* *e]s ! *orus4' ,x is said t ! simple1 fl[+ *itons :i* !y wore z g>m5ts fl[$ freely ) ! movem5ts ( _! limbs1 or fell 9 naturally graceful l9es appropriate to ! poses !y assum$4 ,a dance ( wond]ful agility 0 t ( ! ,bibasis4 ,accord+ to ,max ,mll]1 a ,laconian maid5 danc$ ! ,bibasis a ?\s& times m ?an any o!r girl _h done4 ,! peculi>ity ( ?is dance 0 to spr+ upw>d f ! gr\nd & p]=m a cabriole en arrire1 /rik+ ! feet toge!r beh9d be=e alight+4 ,! cabriole is execut$ by ! mod]n danc]s ) bo? feet 9 ! air2 & bo? legs act 9 ! beat+ movem5t1 rapidly sep>at+ & clos+4 ,to ?is a leap1 call$ jett1 9 ! mod]n t]m9ology1 0 probably add$4 ,! upw>d spr+ 0 made fir/ f "o foot & !n f ! o!r & /rik+ ! heels beh9d4 ,! numb] ( ! successful /rokes 0 c\nt$1 & ! mo/ skillful p]=m] receiv$ ! prize4 ,x is said t s*ylus & ,sophocles improv$ consid]ably ! ,bibasis ,dance1 musically & *oreographically1 = bo? au?ors 7 accompli%$ musicians & dance au?orities4 ,! ,emmeleia 0 "o ( ! mo/ respect$ & popul> dramatic dances ( ! ,greek /age4 ,plato speaks ( x z a dance ( extraord9>y g5tl5ess1 gravity & nobility1 appropriate to ! highe/ s5tim5ts4 ,x possess$ extraord9>y mobility & dramatic vigor1 & yet 0 graceful1 maje/ic & impressive4 ,?is dance1 z x 0 produc$ on ! ,a!nian /age1 is said to h be5 s t]ribly reali/ic t _m ( ! spectators ru%$ %ock$ f ! !atre1 imag9+ t !y really beheld ! inc>nat$ si/]s ( sorr[ ^: v names !y did n d>e to m5tion4 ,^! awful m9i/]s ( div9e v5geance1 :o 7 suppos$ to puni% ! guilty bo? on e>? & 9 ! inf]nal regions1 appe>$ 9 black & blood-/a9$ g>m5ts4 ,_! aspect 0 frightful & _! poses emanat$ an air ( dea?4 ,on _! heads !y c>ri$ wrea!d s]p5ts1 :ile 9 _! h&s 7 wriggl+ scorpions & a burn+ tor*4 ,! music us$ = ! ,emmeleia 0 suppli$ by an #8or*e/ra',b & *orus4 ,bo? ! musicians & ! s+]s 7 divid$ into two gr\ps1 "o ( :i* 0 to ! "r1 ! o!r to ! left ( ! danc]s4 ,?is gives an idea ( ! s-call$ #8/rophic' pr9ciple4 ,!re are allusions to ! fact t ! ,egyptians us$ music to ! ,a/ral ,dances 9 ?is =m4 ,?\gh we d n "k ! "* ( ! ,greek dance music1 p>ticul>ly ( ! ,emmeleia1 yet fragm5t>y allusions "h & !re give an idea t !y 7 mo/ly 9 a m9or key & ( v *angeable measure4 ,kir*(f1 :o made a special /udy ( ?is dance1 came to ! !oretic conclusion t ?is 0 pr$om9antly recitative & resembl$ p>tly ! lat] op]as ( ,wagn]--( c\rse1 only melodically--& p>tly ! ,f9ni% ,rune tunes4 ,z !re 0 mu* action t c\ld n be danc$1 ! ,emmeleia requir$ a p]fect mimic te*nique & ?or\gh k ( #8eurhy?mic' rules4 ,a few ( ! old ,greek writ]s speak ( dance music z dignifi$ & /ately1 :i* attribut$ s]i\sness or sorr[ to ! grave /eps1 gracefulness & mode/y to ! gay & joyful poses4 ,b ,z to ! significance ( ?is ^w1 see ,vol4 ,i1 pp4 #abj;ff4 ,( a v opposite "* 0 ! ,cordax ,dance4 ,accord+ to mo/ acc\nts x lack$ 9 respectability & "s writ]s speak ( x z an #8indecor\s dance4' ,lucian says x 0 consid]$ a %ame to dance x :5 sob]4 ,9 "s p>ts ( ,greece x took a comic "* & 0 (t5 m>r$ by buffoon]y4 ,accord+ to ,burette1 p _h rec\rse to ?is dance :5 excit$ by w9e4 ,cordax 0 a ,satyr :o gave 8 "n to x4 ,s9ce x 0 frivol\s & comic1 x 0 p]=m$ only by less reputable female danc]s4 ,x is said t 9 its fir/ phase ! ,cordax 0 an extremely comic dance & ! p enjoy$ its refre%+ humor & burlesque /yle4 ,l ! ,spani% ,z>zuelas1 ! ,cordax dances 7 small local comic pantomimes4 ,9 x ! danc]s ridicul$ public m5 :om no "o d>$ to criticize o!rwise4 ,l e o!r /age art ( ?is k9d ! ,cordax dances grew indec5t & 7 lat] aboli%$4 ,a dance ( di/9ctly sexual nature 0 ! ,hormos1 :i* 0 d$icat$ to ,artemis4 ,lucian tells u t ! ,hormos 0 comm5c$ by a y\?1 absolutely unclad1 & />t$ ) /eps 9 milit>y nature1 su* z he 0 aft]w>ds to practice 9 ! field4 ,!n foll[$ a maid51 :o1 lead+ up h] companions1 danc$ 9 a g5tle & graceful mann]4 ,f9ally1 #8! :ole =m$ a *a9 ( mascul9e vigor & fem99e mode/y entw9$ toge!r4' ,sometimes ! dance w5t 9 a circle1 sometimes 9 pairs ( a maid5 & a y\?4 ,sometimes passionate & s5su\s ge/ures 7 made by bo? sexes1 ?\gh only = a mom5t1 & ! dance end$ ) a float+1 graceful adagio4 ,x 0 an allegorical playlet 9 dance ( human passions & _! control4 ,! music = ! y\?s 0 twice z rapid z t = ! maid5s4 ,lucian writes t at "s ( ! fe/ivals ?ree great *oruses 7 =m$ = ! danc]s3 ( boys1 ( "y m51 & ( old m54 ,! old m5 danc$1 s++ ( _! life ( valor & wisdom4 ,! *orus ( ! "y m5 took up ! !me & answ]$ t !y c\ld accompli% de$s great] ?an any t _h be5 a*iev$4 ,! boys f9i%$ ! song boa/+ t !y w\ld surpass bo? 9 de$s ( glory4 ,! *oragos1 :o act$ at ! same "t z a conductor & ballet-ma/]1 0 reg>d$ a man ( ! highe/ /&+4 ,,iii ,! ,greek !atres1 9 :i* ! dances & dramas 7 p]=m$ regul>ly1 7 ( va/ dim5sions4 ,! ,!atre ( ,dionysius at ,a!ns1 be+ built 9 ! %ape ( a horse%oe1 c\ld accommodate an audi5ce ( #cj1jjj spectators4 ,a deep & wide /age 0 con/ruct$ = ! dramatic p]=mances4 ,! !atre 0 n m]ely1 z ) u1 a place ( ent]ta9m5t1 b also a temple ( ! god ^: alt> 0 ! c5tral "p ( ! semicircle ( seats1 :]e ! wor%ipp]s sat1 dur+ ! fe/ival days1 f sunrise to sunset4 ,! /age decorations 7 ( ?ree sorts3 = trag$ies1 ! front ( a palace1 ) five doors2 = com$y1 a /reet ) h\ses2 = satire1 rocks & trees4 ,!re 7 no accessories ( any k9d on ! /age4 ,in/ead ( a ro( !re 0 ! blue sky4 ,! front "p ( ! /age 0 us$ = ! *orus1 in/rum5ts & danc+4 ,lucian m5tions h[ ev5 ! ,bac*analian dance 0 treat$ s s]i\sly on ! /age t ! p w\ld sit :ole days 9 ! !atre to view ! ,titans & ,corybantes1 ,satyrs & %eph]ds4 #8,! mo/ curi\s "p ( x is1' he writes1 #8t ! noble/ & greate/ p]sonages 9 e city are ! danc]s1 & s little are !y a%am$ ( x t !y applaud !mselves m ^u _! dext]ity 9 t species ( tal5t ?an on _! nobility1 _! po/s ( honor1 or ! dignities ( _! =efa!rs4' ,h[ le>n$ ! public danc]s 7 9 ,greece is be/ illu/rat$ by a dialogue t occurr$ betwe5 ,lucian & ,croton4 ,9 ?is "o ( ! speak]s ma9ta9s t any p]son desir+ to become a public danc] %\ld "k by he>t ,hom] & ,hesiod1 %\ld "k ! national my?ology & leg5ds1 %\ld be acqua9t$ ) ! hi/ory ( ,egypt1 %\ld h a good voice & "k h[ to s+ well1 & %\ld be a man ( high p]sonal "*4 ,a danc] %\ld be nei!r too tall or too %ort1 too ?9 or too fat4 ,if a danc] ev] fail$ 9 8 ef=ts to please ! audi5ce he ran ! risk ( be+ pelt$ ) /ones4 ,! ,greek audi5ces 7 accu/om$ to express _! disapprobation 9 a v decid$ mann]4 ,x is int]e/+ to comp>e ! ,greek danc+ figures ( v>i\s p]iods1 :i* actually give an idea ( ! developm5t ( _! *oreography1 & also ( ! *ange :i* took place 9 _! co/umes & /yles4 ,9 ! fir/ half ( ! six? c5tury ! ,ionic /yle prevail$ 9 g>m5ts4 ,! fem99e body 0 heavily drap$4 ,lat]1 until ! ,p]sian ,w>1 a co/ume ( a *iton1 ) wide sleeves & %>ply cut 0 9 fa%ion4 ,?is c5tury is ri* 9 reproductions ( danc+ figures1 :i* h a t5d5cy to keep "o ano!r's h&s & /rive to be decorative4 ,! fif? c5tury figures give an impression ( pois$ grace & pla/ic p]fection ( ! body4 ,! f\r? c5tury figures %[ danc]s ) great individuality & p]fection 9 ! use ( ! arms4 ,num]\s bas-reliefs ( ?is era repres5t wom5 danc+ ) veils :i* give to !m a peculi> magic ( motion4 ,l all ! ,ori5tals1 ! ,greek wom5 us$ to we> veils :ile outside ( _! homes4 ,! veil 0 a natural m$ium ( decoration & a symbol = ! pantomime ( ! dance4 ,frequ5tly ! danc+ g>m5ts ( ?is era are s slight t !y add only a my/ify+ *>m to ! app>5tly nude danc]s4 ,! poses ( _! limbs & arms give evid5ce ( rhy?m & te*nique4 ,! mimic expressions play seem+ly a =emo/ rle1 z _! smil+ faces & ba%ful looks betray ! p[] ( _! fasc9ation4 ,!y %[ exp]t skill 9 ! use ( ! veils1 ) :i* !y n[ seem+ly cov] _! bodies1 op5+ !m aga9 to give a glimpse ( _! great beauty4 ,! exquisitely arti/ic /atuettes f\nd at ,tanagra give "s idea ( ! beauty ( motion z practis$ by "y wom5 danc]s1 :51 9 ! m>vell\s sett+ ( ! antique !atres1 "u ! blue skies ( ,greece1 !y gave p]=mances to audi5ces ) :om ! love ( beauty 0 a passion4 ,at "s ( ! religi\s c]emonial dances only boys & girls appe>$1 at o!rs "y m5 or girls1 or bo? toge!r1 danc$4 ,( a r voluptu\s nature 7 ! dances p]=m$ 9 ! temples ( ,aphrodite & ,dionysos4 ,( special importance 7 ! dances connect$ ) ! ,eleus9ian ,my/]ies1 always celebrat$ 9 ,a!ns4 ,_! p]=mance & ! =m ( _! con/ruction 7 surr\nd$ ) greate/ secrecy4 ,plato1 :o 0 initiat$ into !m1 spoke v highly ( _! mean+4 ,x is evid5t t _! real influ5ce ^u ! p began 9 ! six? c5tury4 ,9 ! beg9n+ ! ,my/]ies 7 p]=m$ once e five ye>s4 ,lat] !y became annual p]=mances4 ,accord+ to ,desrat1 !y _h mu* 9 common ) ! ,rondes ( ! ,middle ,ages4 ,! procession ( ! ,my/]ies proce$$ f ! temple ( ,demetrius1 9 ,attica1 & pass$ along a wood$ road to ,a!ns4 ,a special re/+ place 0 ! ,f\nta9 ( ,magic ,dances1 :]e ! girls p]=m$ dances ( unusual poetic grace4 ,late 9 ! ev5+ ! procession ent]$ ! temple ) a dance ( tor*es4 ,"h1 on a /age specially erect$ = ?is purpose1 7 p]=m$ ! dances ( ! ,my/]ies4 ,v little is kn[n ( ! "* ( ^! dances4 ,x is likely t !y 7 dramatiz$ leg5ds ( ,demetrius1 :o 0 depict$ z a pilgrim1 w&]+ f place to place1 9 se>* ( 8 lo/ daught]4 ,ano!r phase ( ! ,my/]ies 0 to produce 9 symbolic ge/ures & poses & by prop] /ag+1 episodes ( ! life beyond4 ,! p]=mance began 9 twilight1 ! fir/ sc5e be+ ! pantomime 9 ,hell1 :i!r ! s\l ( ,demetrius 0 c>ri$ by inf]nal p[]s4 ,x repres5t$ ! utmo/ horror4 ,dur+ all ! p]=mance no ^w 0 spok54 ,aft] ! sc5e 9 ,hell came ano!r 9 ,heav54 ,! mo/ impressive ( all ! dances 0 ! #8,leap ) ,tor*es1' 9 :i* only ! wom5 appe>$4 ,x 0 said to be ! mo/ fanta/ic & acrobatic ( all ! ,greek religi\s dances4 ,plut>* says t ! impression 0 t ( spectral gho/s play+ p]petually ) flames4 ,x 0 meant to act z a purgatory fire t cleans$ all ! s\ls f _! wick$ness4 ,! ,my/]ies end$ 9 ! night ( ! f\r? day ) a ,dance ( ,baskets1 9 :i* ! wom5 appe>$ ) cov]$ baskets on _! heads 9 a solemn m>* rhy?m & vani%$ into ! d>k5+ temple4 ,! ,eleus9ian ,my/]ies 7 aboli%$ by an imp]ial decree 9 #cha ,a4 ,d4 ,n less popul> ?an ! ,eleus9ian 7 ! ,dionysian ,my/]ies4 ,x is said t ^! develop$ z ! fe/ival ( ! fir/-fruits1 b 7 lat] d$icat$ to ! god ,dionysos1 ! patron ( w9e & pleasure4 ,to him is ascrib$ ! inv5tion ( en?usiasm & ec/asy1 ! ess5tial elem5t ( all beauty4 ,! symbol ( all ! ,dionysian dances 0 ! goat1 :i* also figur$ 9 ! ,my/]ies4 ,x 0 "o ( ! mo/ s5su\s p]=mances t imag9ation c\ld inv5t4 ,9 x m5 & wom5 took "p1 b m5 wore usually wom5's dresses & ! wom5 m5's4 ,9 ! c5tre ( ! danc]s1 be=e ! /atue ( ,dionysos1 /ood a huge cup fill$ ) w9e4 ,! c]emony la/$ ?ree days & 0 p]=m$ 9 e t[n & hamlet ( ! c\ntry4 ,accord+ to ! ,greek my?ology1 ,dionysos is repres5t$ 9 a gr\p ( danc+ wom5 & m54 ,z ,satyrs 7 suppos$ to be daily companions ( ,dionysos1 ! ,satyr ,dance 0 a feature ( ! ,my/]ies4 ,( "o ( ! ,dionysian dances we read 9 #8,daphnis & ,*lo'3 #8,mean:ile ,dryas danc$ a v9tage dance1 mak+ believe to ga!r grapes1 to c>ry !m 9 baskets1 to tread !m d[n 9 ! vat1 to p\r ! juice into tubs1 & !n to dr9k ! new w9e3 all ( :i* he did s naturally & s featly t !y deem$ !y saw be=e _! eyes ! v9es1 ! vats1 ! tubs1 & ,dryas dr9k+ 9 good heal?4' ,illu/ration3 ,greek & ,roman ,dances z ,depict$ on ,anci5t ,vases ,o!r features ( ! ,dionysian ,my/]ies 7 ! ,dances ( ,nymphs1 ! ,dances ( ! ,knees1 & ! ,skoliasmos1 9 ! nature ( gymna/ics1 9 :i* ! p]=m]s hopp$ on inflat$ w9e-sk9s1 rubb$ ov] ) oil to make !m slipp]y4 ,! anci5t writ]s describe ^! dances z lascivi\s & comic4 ,9 ! ,satyr ,dance ! danc]s wore goat-sk9s & appe>$ z ,satyrs4 ,sev]al ( ^! dances consi/$ ( graceful & m mode/ movem5ts1 measur$ to ! s\nd ( flutes4 ,"s ( !m 7 accompani$ by light songs1 d>+ s>casm1 & lic5ti\sly sugge/ive poems4 ,dances 9 :i* animals 7 imitat$ 7 num]\s4 ,!re 0 a ,crane ,dance1 suppos$ to be inv5t$ by ,!seus1 & ,owl1 ,vulture1 & ,fox ,dances4 ,! ,my/]ies ( ,demetrius took a m c5traliz$ =m ?an ! ,my/]ies ( ,dionysos4 ,ea* t[n _h its individual secrets ( romantic my/]ies4 ,9 ,a!ns ! cult ( love turn$ v mu* ar\nd ! leg5d ( ,mnads1 :i*1 l little devils1 %ad[$ ! p day & night4 ,9 ! ,museum ( ,naples c be se5 a vase ) danc+ ,mnads1 :i* repres5ts be/ ! anci5t spirits ( love4 ,plato says t ! ,mnad ,dance consi/$ pr9cipally ( ! embrac+ & c>ess+ ( m5 & wom54 ,re9a* believes t all ,greek my?ology1 art & sci5ce grew out ( ! ,greek folk-songs & folk-dances4 ,accord+ to him1 ! rhy?m & melody ( dance music *ang$ 9 /rict correspond5ce ) ! !me4 ,all ! sacr$ dances d$icat$ to ,demetrius & ,apollo1 or to ,aphrodite1 7 9 legato =m1 graceful1 melodi\s & full ( color2 on ! o!r h&1 ^? d$icat$ to ,bac*us & ,dionysos 7 ( quick] tempo1 syncopat$ /yle & less melodi\s4 ,re9a* succe$$ 9 deciph]+ ! words & music ( an anci5t ,greek dance song t 0 discov]$ 9 ! ru9s ( ! temple ( ,delphi4 ,?is 0 presumably danc$ at ! ,delphic fe/ivals & is d$icat$ to ,apollo4 ,s9ce ! cult ( ,apollo 0 widespread 9 ,greece !re 7 n a few dances d$icat$ & p]=m$ to ?is god4 ,we are told t palm-leaves 7 giv5 z prizes = ! be/ ( ! ,apollo danc]s4 ,besides ! arti/s :o appe>$ ei!r 9 sacr$ or classic dances1 !re exi/$ 9 ,greece a class ( pr(essional danc]s call$ ,het]4 ,^! 7 wom5 ( flirt+ & coquetti% type4 ,9 our s5se1 !y mu/ h be5 a k9d ( ,v>iet or pr(essional social danc]s4 ,dur+ ! "t ( ,p]icles !re 7 #ejj ,het] 9 ,a!ns4 ,?us ,sappho1 ,aspasia & ,cleonica 7 tra9$ to be ,het] danc]s4 ,at "o "t 9 ,greek hi/ory ! ,het] became a dang] to ! family4 ,aspasia 0 ! mi/ress ( ,p]icles until %e became 8 wife4 ,be+ well educat$1 ! ,het] 7 wom5 ( attractive type & mo/ ( ! great ,greek ?9k]s1 arti/s or /atesm5 felt ! spell ( _! *>m4 ,sappho call$ h] h\se ! #8home ( ! ,muses1' :]e pla/ic beauty rivall$ ) poetry & music4 ,! trag$y ( ,sappho has inspir$ _m writ]s1 anci5t & mod]n1 to immortalize h] 9 _! works1 p>ticul>ly ! /ory accord+ to :i* %e sang & flung h]self d[n into ! sea4 ,p]=m$ by great celebrities ! dances ( ! ,het] 7 by no means vulg>1 b lyric & sugge/ively s5su\s4 ,!y 7 p]=m$ ) g>m5ts or )\t1 ) float+ veils & to ! music ( a flute4 ,! danc]s ( ?is class us$ to give p]=mances at _! homes or 9 specially e/abli%$ g>d5s4 ,all ! ,het]a dances 7 d$icat$ to ,aphrodite & ! ambition ( ! p]=m]s 0 to imitate ! lovely poses ( ! celebrat$ goddess4 ,accord+ to mo/ descriptions !y resembl$ our pa/ c5tury's m9uets1 gavottes & pavanes4 ,emmanuel1 :o has writt5 an int]e/+ "w on ! ,greek *oreography1 ma9ta9s t ! accuracy ( rhy?m 0 ( =emo/ importance4 ,a *oreographic "t-m>k] 0 atta*$ to s&als t produc$ s\nds modifi$ to ! *ang+ s5tim5ts ( ! action4 ,a little tamb\r9e or cymbals 7 occasionally employ$4 ,a special bran* ( dance in/ruction 0 ! ,*ironomia1 or ! art ( us+ ! h&s4 ,greek danc+ 0 by no means pr$om9antly ge/ur+ ) h&s1 z "s p ?9k1 b x 0 ! h>moni\s use ( e limb ( ! human body1 9 connection ) ! correspond+ art ( pantomime4 ,!re 7 num]\s danc+ s*ools 9 ,greece1 & ea* ( !m _h its p>ticul> me?od ( in/ruction4 ,! fir/ ex]cise 9 a s*ool 0 ! le>n+ ( flexibility ( ! body1 :i* la/$ a few ye>s4 ,a special s*ool dance 0 ! ,esclatism1 :i* 0 *iefly a rhy?mic gymna/ic1 on ! ord] ( ,jaques-,dalcroze's me?od at ,hell]au4 ,we "k comp>atively little ( ! details ( ! anci5t te*nical me*anism ( *oreography4 ,un=tunately all ! anci5t danc+ figures repres5t m]ely "o mom5t ( a dance1 !re=e x is extremely difficult to grasp ! pr9cipal po9ts ( ! vani%$ art4 ,,*apt] ,,vii ,,danc+ ,,9 ,,! ,,roman ,,empire /hetic subs]vi5ce to ,greece2 ,pylades & ,ba?yllus2 ! ,bellicrepa saltatio2 ! ,ludiones2 ! ,roman pantomime2 ! ,lup]calia & ,floralia2 ,bac*antic orgies2 ! ,augu/9ian age2 importations f ,cadiz2 fam\s danc]s4 ,z ) all _! arts1 ! anci5t ,romans borr[$ _! danc+ f ! ,greeks4 ,a nation rais$ 9 adoration ( milit>y & ari/ocratic ideals1 conceit$1 & ) a /rong t5d5cy to mat]ialism & =malities1 ! ,romans contribut$ little to *oreography4 ,_! civilization 0 imitative r ?an creative4 ,_! art is void ( e?nographic *>act]i/ics & a k9d ( artificial /iffness brea!s f _! be/ a*ievem5ts4 ,! only conspicu\s contribution ( ! ,roman danc]s to ! evolution ( dance lies 9 _! unique dramatic & ecclesia/ic pantomimes & _! celebrat$ masque dances4 ,b x seems surpris+ t danc+ 0 f> m highly develop$ & e/eem$ 9 ! e>li] p]iod ( ,roman hi/ory ?an 9 ^? days ( luxury & vice :i* prec$$ ! d[nfall ( ! empire4 ,"u ! republic1 danc+ 0 consid]$ "o ( ! =emo/ factors 9 education1 & ! *ildr5 ( patricians & /atesm5 7 oblig$ to take lessons 9 ,greek danc+4 ,b ( ! social views ( lat] c5turies we read f ,qu9tilian t #8x disgrac$ ! dignity ( a man1' or z ,cic]o said1 #8,no sob] man dances1 unless he is mad4' ,horace rebukes ! ,romans = danc+ z = an infamy4 ,v>i\s o!r ,roman writ]s tell u h[ mu* ! wom5 ( /&+ 7 criticiz$ = _! lack ( virtue if !y ent]ta9$ a danc] at _! h\se or %ook h&s ) him4 ,on ! o!r h&1 we h an eloqu5t pro( ( ! ,roman fr5zy = ! /age dance 9 ! excit+ intrigues ( ,pylades & ,ba?yllus1 :i* set ! :ole ,republic 9 a f]m5t4 ,de ,jaulnaye1 ! great hi/orian1 writes t ! rivalries ( ,pylades & ,ba?yllus occupi$ ! ,romans z mu* z ! grave/ affairs ( /ate4 ,e citiz5 0 a ,ba?yllian or a ,pyladian4 ,glanc+ ov] ! hi/ory ( ! di/urbances creat$ by ^! two mumm]s1 we seem to be read+ t ( ! volatile nation ^: qu>rels ab\t music 7 s prolong$1 s ob/9ate1 &1 above all1 s s5seless t no "o knew :at 7 ! real po9ts ( dispute1 :5 ! philosoph] ( ,g5eva wrote ! fam\s lett] to :i* no s]i\s reply 0 ev] made4 ,augu/us 7! ,emp]or7 reprov$ ,pylades on "o occasion = 8 p]petual qu>rels ) ,ba?yllus4 #8,cs>1' repli$ ! danc]1 #8x is well = y t ! p are engross$ by our disputes2 _! att5tion is ?us div]t$ f y\r actions6' ,:ile ,pylades is describ$ z a great tragic actor & danc]1 ,ba?yllus is repres5t$ z hav+ be5 end[$ n only ) extraord9>y tal5t1 b also ) great p]sonal beauty1 & is said z hav+ be5 ! idol ( ! ,roman ladies4 ,x is said t ! bani%m5t ( ,pylades f ,rome almo/ br\ght ab\t a s]i\s revolution1 t 0 prev5t$ by ! recall ( ! imp]ial decree4 ,"o ( ! mo/ int]e/+ anci5t dances practis$ by ! ,romans 0 ,bellicrepa saltatio1 a milit>y dance1 in/itut$ by ,romulus aft] ! seizure ( ! ,sab9e wom51 9 ord] t a simil> mis=tune might nev] befall 8 own c\ntry4 ,to ,numa ,pompilius1 ! g5tle ,sab9e1 :o became k+ aft] ! my/]i\s disappe>ance ( ,romulus1 is ascrib$ ! orig9 ( ,roman religi\s dances4 ,especially celebrat$ 7 ! danc+ prie/s ( ,m>s1 & ! ord] ( ,sali5 prie/s1 numb]+ twelve1 :o 7 select$ f citiz5s ( fir/ rank4 ,_! mission 0 to wor%ip ! gods by dances4 ,z a sign ( special di/9ction !y wore 9 _! c]emonials ri*ly embroid]$ purple tunics1 braz5 brea/plates & _! heads cov]$ ) gild$ helmets4 ,9 "o h& !y held a javel91 :ile ! o!r c>ri$ ! cele/ial %ield call$ ! ancilia4 ,!y beat ! "t ) _! swords ^u ?is ancilia1 & m>*$ ?r\gh ! city s++ hymns to ! "t ( _! solemn danc+4 ,accord+ to ,livy1 pantomimes 7 inv5t$ to please ! gods & to di/ract ! p1 horrifi$ by ! plague t creat$ havoc 9 ! sacr$ city ( ,rome4 ,! ,ludiones1 ! celebrat$ ,roman b>ds1 are said to h p]=m$ _! dances fir/ be=e ! h\ses ( ! ri* to ! music ( ! flute1 b lat] appe>$ 9 ! circuses & 9 special %[ t5ts4 ,_! example f\nd foll[]s among ! ,roman y\?4 ,all ! ,roman danc]s gave p]=mances masqu$1 & x 0 ! cu/om t 9 ! sacr$1 z well z 9 ! great dramatic pantomimes wom5 7 exclud$1 ?\gh dur+ ! lat] p]iod ( ! ,empire1 p>ticul>ly dur+ ! reign ( ,n]o1 wom5 danc]s appe>$4 ,! be/ kn[n ( ! anci5t ,roman pantomimes 7 ^? p]=m$ at ! fe/ival ( ,pallas1 ( ,pan & ( ,dionysus or ,bac*us4 ,juv5al writes t ,ba?yllus1 hav+ compos$ a pantomime on ! subject ( ,jupit]1 p]=m$ x ) su* realism t ! ,roman wom5 7 pr(\ndly mov$4 ,! same is said ( ! dances inv5t$ & p]=m$ by ,pylades1 "s ( :i* 7 lat] giv5 by ! prie/s ( ,apollo4 ,! art ( ,roman pantomime develop$ gradually to classic /&>ds & rang$ ov] ! :ole doma9 ( my?ology1 poetry & drama4 ,danc]s1 call$ ,mimii1 l ,ba?yllus & ,pylades1 translat$ ! mo/ subtle emotions by ge/ures & poses ( extreme graphic p[] s t _! audi5ces und]/ood e mean+ ( _! mute language4 ,?is pla/ic =m ( mute drama made ! danc+ ( ! ,romans a great art4 ,! ,emp]or ,augu/us is said to h be5 a great admir] ( ,ba?yllus1 & s also 0 ,n]o4 ,x is said t an ,african rul]1 :ile ! gue/ ( ,n]o1 0 s impress$ by ! danc] t he said to ,n]o t he w\ld l to h su* an arti/ = 8 c\rt4 #8,& :at w\ld y d ) him8' ask$ ! ,emp]or4 #8,i h ar\nd me1' said ! o!r1 #8sev]al neighbor+ tribes :o speak diff]5t languages1 & z !y are unable to und]/& m9e1 ,i ?\ght1 if ,i _h ?is man ) me1 x w\ld be q possible = him to expla9 by ge/ure all t ,i wi%$ to express4' ,v unusual 0 ! ,roman fe/ival ( ,pan1 or ! ,lup]calia1 at :i* half-nak$ y\?s danc$ ab\t ! /reets ) :ips 9 _! h&s1 la%+ freely ev]yone :om !y *anc$ to meet4 ,! ,roman wom5 lik$ to be la%$ on ?is occasion1 z !y believ$ x w\ld keep !m "y4 ,ano!r k9d ( ,pan fe/ival 0 celebrat$ by ! peasants 9 ! spr+ at :i* ! "y m5 & maid5s jo9$ 9 ! dances1 :i* took place 9 ! woods or on ! fields4 ,!y wore g>l&s ( fl[]s & wrea?s ( oak on _! heads4 ,simil> dances1 only m solemn & magnific5t1 7 p]=m$ at ! fe/ival ( ,pallas by %eph]ds4 ,danc+ & s++ ar\nd blaz+ bonfires 9 a circle !y wor%ipp$ ! goddess ( fruitfulness4 ,frequ5tly ! (ficiators 7 disreputable wom5 :o appe>$ dress$ 9 long :ite robes1 symbolic ( *a/ity4 ,!n !re 7 ! great ,floralia or ,may ,day fe/ivals :i* 9 ! beg9n+ 7 ( suffici5tly dec5t mann] b ev5tually deg5]at$ into sc5es ( unb\nd$ lic5ti\sness4 ,/ill wild] ?an ^! 7 ! orgies ( ,bac*us1 :i* contribut$ greatly to ! demoralization ( ! p until ! consuls ,alb9us & ,philippus bani%$ !m f ,rome by a decree ( ! ,s5ate4 ,on acc\nt ( _! s5su\s "* ! ,romans 7 unable to keep _! art ( danc+ 9 su* poetic & yet simple /hetic frames z did ! ,greeks1 = :i* reason all ! ,roman wom5 *>act]s 9 a pantomime 7 disguis$ "y m54 ,!y lack$ ! ability ( self-control 9 ! /age art :i* 9 ,greece _h rea*$ a /&>d ( classic p]fection4 ,x is suffici5t to say t !y mu/ h be5 wick$ en\gh :5 a rul] l ,tib]ius comm&$ ! danc]s to be expell$ f ,rome4 ,b ,tacitus relates t1 :ile publicly ,tib]ius reprim&$ ,se/ius ,gallus = ! elaborate balls giv5 at 8 h\se1 privately he made arrangem5ts to be 8 gue/ on ! condition t he %\ld himself be ent]ta9$ 9 ! usual mann]4 ,( 8 successor1 ,caligula1 ,suetonius writes3 #8,s fond 0 ! emp]or ( s++ & danc+ t he c\ld n refra9 f s++ ) ! trag$ians & imitat+ ! ge/ures ( ! danc]s ei!r by way ( applause or correction4' ,dur+ ! reign ( ,augu/us ! art ( pantomime rea*$ its z5i?4 ,! dances ( ?is "t 7 m spectacul> & impressive on acc\nt ( _! c>efully execut$ /age effects4 ,z f> z music 0 conc]n$1 ?is 0 produc$ by flutes & h>ps1 sometimes by s++ voices4 ,! ,romans nev] c>$ = danc+ itself1 b !y 7 fond ( x z a spectacle4 ,a great rle 9 ,roman life at ?is juncture 0 play$ by ! female danc]s f ,cadiz1 :i* 7 said to be s brilliant & passionate t poets decl>$ x impossible to )/& ! great *>m ^! wom5 ex]cis$ ov] ! spectators4 ,"s "o says #8!y 7 all poetry & voluptu\s *>m4' ,an ,engli% writ] ma9ta9s t ! fam\s ,v5us ( ,cailipyge 0 modell$ f a ,caditian danc] 9 high favor at ,rome4 ,ano!r not$ writ] calls ! delicias caditanas ! mo/ fasc9at+ p]=mances t ev] c\ld be se51 & calls all o!r dances ( ! ,romans & ev5 ! ,greeks amateuri% pu]ilities4 ,( great ,roman female danc]s we "k by "n ,lucceia1 :o 0 said to give p]=mances :5 %e 0 "o hundr$ ye>s old2 ,/ephania1 #8! fir/ to dance on ! /age 9 com$y descriptive ( ,roman mann]s'2 ,gal]ia ,copiola1 :o danc$ be=e ,emp]or ,augu/us n9ety-"o ye>s aft] h] fir/ appe>ance2 & ,alliamatula1 :o danc$ be=e ,n]o at ! age ( "o hundr$ & tw5ty4 ,! mo/ kn[n ( all ! great wom5 danc]s 9 anci5t ,rome 0 ,tele?usa1 a fasc9at+ girl f ,cadiz1 to ^: extraord9>y beauty & art ! poet ,m>tial d$icat$ _m ( 8 songs4 ,,*apt] ,,viii ,,danc+ ,,9 ,,! ,,middle ,,ages ,! m$ival eclipse2 ecclesia/ical danc+ 9 ,spa92 ! /roll+ ballets ( ,spa9 & ,italy2 suppression ( danc+ by ! *ur*2 dances ( ! m$ival nobility2 ,r5aissance c\rt ballets2 ! ,engli% masques2 fam\s masques ( ! sev5te5? c5tury4 ,!re is a lapse ( "t1 ne>ly a ?\s& ye>s1 f ! fall ( ! anci5t civilization ( ,greece & ,rome to ! ,gr& ,ballet ( ,france1 :5 ! art ( danc+ 0 almo/ /ifl$ by ! ,m$ival ecclesia/ic s*ola/icism4 ,s9ce we h practically no records ( ! danc+ t 0 fo/]$ 9 ,cadiz1 :i* 0 probably ! mo/ conspicu\s at t "t1 we mu/ confess t ! greatly e/eem$ art ( ! anci5ts ne>ly came to a ru94 ,if x _h n be5 = ,spa91 :]e danc+ 0 introduc$ ev5 into ! *ur*es1 x might h tak5 c5turies long] to revive ! vani%+ ideas ( ! anci5t *oreography & keep alive ! pla/ic religion4 ,we are told t a bi%op ( ,val5cia adopt$ c]ta9 sacr$ dances 9 ! *ur*es ( ,seville1 ,tol$o & ,val5cia1 :i* 7 p]=m$ be=e ! alt>4 ,9 ,galicia a sl[ hymn-dance 0 p]=m$ by a tall prie/1 :ile c>ry+ a gorge\sly dress$ boy on 8 %\ld]s1 at ! fe/ival ( ,corpus ,*ri/i4 ,mu* z ! *ur* fa!rs f\ght danc+ 9 o!r c\ntries1 !y _h to admit x 9 ,spa94 ,x is said t ! *oir-boys ( ,seville ,ca!dral execut$ danzas dur+ a "p ( ! religi\s processions 9 m$ival ,spa91 & t ?is practice 0 au?oriz$ 9 #adci by a ,bull ( ,pope ,eug5ius ,,iv4 ,( ^! *oir-boy danc]s ,b>on ,davilli] writes3 #8,!y are easily to be recogniz$ 9 ! /reets ( ,seville by _! r$ caps1 _! r$ cloaks adorn$ ) r$ neckties1 _! black /ock+s1 & %oes ) rosettes & metal buttons4 ,! hat 7worn dur+ ! dance71 slightly conical 9 %ape1 is turn$ up on "o side1 & fa/5$ ) a b[ ( :ite velvet1 f :i* rises a tuft ( blue & :ite fea!rs4 ,! mo/ *>act]i/ic feature ( ! co/ume is ! golilla1 a sort ( lace ruff1 />*$ & pleat$1 :i* encircles ! neck4 ,lace cuffs1 sla%$ trunk-hose or galzoncillo blue silk /ock+s & :ite %oes ) rosettes1 complete ! co/ume ( :i* ,dor made a sket* :5 he saw x 9 ,seville ,ca!dral1 on ! octave ( ! ,conception4 ,! dance ( ! boys attracts z _m spectators to ,seville z ! c]emonies ( ,holy ,week1 & ! imm5se ca!dral is full to ov]fl[+ on ! days :5 !y are to figure 9 a function4' ,vuilli] writes ( ano!r occasion ( ! ,spani% temple dances3 #8,"o ( ^! fe/ivals is celebrat$ on ! #ae? ( ,augu/1 ! day ( ! ,assumption ( ! ,virg9 ,m>y1 ! o!r on ! foll[+ day1 ! fea/ ( ! patron ( ! village ( ,al>o4 ,on ^! occasions a body ( danc]s call$ ,els ,cosi]s play ! pr9cipal "p4 ,x consi/s ( six boys dress$ 9 :ite1 ) ribbons ( _m colors1 we>+ on _! heads caps trimm$ ) fl[]s4 ,"o ( !m1 ,la ,dama1 disguis$ z a woman1 c>ries a fan 9 "o h& & a h&k]*ief 9 ! o!r4 ,two o!rs are dress$ z demons ) horns & clov5 feet4 ,! p>ty is foll[$ by "s musicians play+ on ! *]emias1 ! tambor9o1 & ! fabiol4 ,aft] vesp]s ! ,cosi]s jo9 ! procession z x leaves ! *ur*4 ,?ree ( !m take up positions on ei!r side ( ! ,virg91 :o is prec$$ by a demon2 e few y>ds !y p]=m /eps4 ,ea* demon is arm$ ) a flexible rod ) :i* he keeps (f ! cr[d4 ,! procession /ops 9 all ! squ>es & pr9cipal places1 & !re ! ,cosi]s p]=m "o ( _! dances to ! s\nd ( ! tambor9o & ! fabiol4 ,:5 ! procession returns to ! *ur* !y dance toge!r r\nd ! /atue ( ! ,virg94' ,( a v primitive b unique nature 7 ! m$ival /roll+ ballets ( ,spa9 & ,italy4 ,"s old writ]s ass]t t !y orig9at$ 9 ,italy & pass$ lat] into ,spa91 b o!rs tell ! contr>y4 ,lat] ! ,portuguese organiz$ a /roll+ ballet 9 adoration ( ,/4 ,c>los4 ,ca/il-,blaze writes ( a /roll+ ballet t 0 in/itut$ by ! ,k+ ,r5 ( ,prov5ce1 9 #adfb1 call$ ! ,l\ ,gue4 ,?is consi/$ ( allegorical sc5es ( ! ,bible & 0 danc$ 9 ! /yle ( ,roman my?ological pantomimes4 ,mo/ ( ! conspicu\s *>act]s ( ! ,bible & hi/ory 7 enact$ 9 ?is ballet4 ,! procession ( ! ballet w5t ?r\gh a city to ! squ>e ( a g>d5 be=e "s ca!dral or ca/le4 ,fame head$ ! m>*1 bl[+ a trumpet & c>ry+ a gorge\s %ield on a w+$ horse4 ,he 0 foll[$ by ! re/ ( ! company 9 v>i\s comic & spectacul> co/umes4 ,!re 7 ! ,duke ( ,urb9o1 ,k+ ,h]od1 ,fauns1 ,dryads1 & ,apo/les1 & f9ally ! ,jews1 danc+ r\nd a ,gold5 ,calf4 #8,k+ ,r5 wrote ?is religi\s ballet 9 all its details1' writes ,ca/il-,blaze4 #8,decorations1 dance music1 m>*es1 all 7 ( 8 inv5tion1 & 8 music has always be5 fai?fully pres]v$ & p]=m$4 ,! air ( ,l\ ,gue has "s curi\s modulations2 ! m9uet ( ! ,que5 ( ,%eba1 ! m>* ( ! ,pr9ce ( ,love1 ^u :i* s _m nols h be5 f\nd$1 &1 above all ! ,veie de ,n\e1 are full ( orig9ality4 ,b ! wre/l]'s melody is good ,r5's ma/]piece1 if x be true t he is its au?or1 z tradition affirms4 ,?is classic air has a pleas+ melody ) gracefully writt5 h>monies2 ! /roll+ m9/rels ( ,prov5ce play x on _! flutes to a rhy?mical drum accompanim5t1 walk+ r\nd ! ar5a :]e ! wre/l]s are compet+4' ,"s que] religi\s pantomimes came into vogue 9 ,france ab\t ! twelf? c5tury1 & ( ^! ! tor* dances1 execut$ on ! fir/ ,sunday 9 ,l5t1 enjoy$ ! greate/ popul>ity2 b !y 7 all suppress$ by ! cl]gy & lat] became deg5]ate4 ,9 ,p>is ! cl]gy sold danc+ indulg5ces to ! ri* patricians = a consid]able sum ( money4 ,! high society 0 taught to despise danc+ z an amusem5t unwor?y ( its position4 ,x rema9$ only a popul> div]sion among ! middle class4 ,! !atrical ballets & /roll+ pantomimes disappe>$ altoge!r4 ,! !atre 0 decl>$ by ! cl]gy a ,pagan in/itution & e art connect$ ) ! /age ( inf]nal orig94 ,b1 /range to say1 m$ival /age danc+ 0 fir/ introduc$ by wom54 ,m5 appe>$ only z spectators ( su* p]=mances4 ,?us we read 9 a ballad ( ! twelf? c5tury t ! damosels arrang$ a gr& ball & ! knights came to look on4 ,! fir/ dances t ! m$ival nobility introduc$ at _! ca/les1 9 :i* !y !mselves p>ticipat$1 7 ! fam\s ,c>oles4 ,^! 7 p]=m$ to ! vocal accompanim5t ( ! danc]s !mselves1 al?\gh sometimes a /roll+ b& 0 hir$4 ,out ( ^! grew gradually ! v>i\s m$ival social dances & ! c\rt ballets & gay masqu]ades1 :i* rea*$ a climax dur+ ! middle ( ! sev5te5? c5tury4 ,! mo/ celebrat$ ( ?is k9d 7 ! ,ballets des ,ard5ts1 arrang$ by ! ,du*ess de ,b]ri & att5d$ by ! :ole c\rt4 ,h[ev]1 ! mo/ conspicu\s ( ! m$ival attempts 9 ?is respect 0 ! ,fte giv5 9 #adhi by ,b]gonzio di ,botta ( ,tortona1 9 honor ( ,galeazzo1 ,duke ( ,milan1 on ! occasion ( 8 m>riage ( ,isabella ( ,aragon4 ,( ?is we read3 #8,! ,amphitryon *ose = 8 !atre a magnific5t hall surr\nd$ by a gall]y1 9 :i* sev]al b&s ( music _h be5 /ation$2 an empty table occupi$ ! middle4 ,at ! mom5t :5 ! ,duke & ! ,du*ess appe>$1 ,jason & ,argonauts advanc$ pr\dly to ! s\nd ( m>tial music4 ,!y bore ! ,gold5 ,fleece2 ?is 0 ! tableclo?1 ) :i* !y cov]$ ! table1 aft] hav+ execut$ a /ately dance1 expressive ( _! admiration ( s beautiful a pr9cess & ( a sov]eign to possess h]4 ,next came ,m]cury1 :o relat$ h[ he _h be5 clev] en\gh to trick ,apollo1 %eph]d ( ,admetus1 & rob him ( a fat calf1 :i* he return$ to pres5t to ! newly m>ri$ pair1 aft] hav+ _h x nobly truss$ & prep>$ by ! be/ cook ( ,olympus4 ,:ile he 0 plac+ x ^u ! table1 ?ree quadrilles t foll[$ him danc$ r\nd ! fatt$ calf1 z ! ,hebrews _h =m]ly cap]$ r\nd t ( gold4' ,! writ] describes h[ ,diana1 ,m]cury & ! ,nymphs foll[$ ! fir/ sc5e4 ,!n ,orpheus appe>s to ! music ( flutes & lutes4 #8,ea* s+]1 ea* danc] _h 8 special or*e/ra1 :i* 0 arrang$ = him accord+ to ! s5tim5ts express$ by 8 song or by 8 dance4 ,x 0 an excell5t plan1 & s]v$ to v>y ! symphonies2 x ann\nc$ ! return ( a "* :o _h already appe>$1 & produc$ a v>i$ succession ( trumpets1 ( viol9s ) _! %>p notes1 ( ! arpeggios ( lutes1 & ( ! s(t melodies ( flutes & re$ pipes4 ,! or*e/rations ( ,montev]di prove t compos]s at t "t v>i$ _! in/rum5tation ?us1 & ?is p>ticul> artifice 0 n "o ( ! lea/ causes ( ! prodigi\s success ( op]a 9 ! fir/ ye>s ( its creation4' ,?is 0 foll[$ by a solo s+] accompani$ by a lyre1 aft] ^: aria ,atlanta & ,!seus appe>$ to ! s\nd ( brass in/rum5ts4 ,aft] ?is appe>$ a ballet ( ,tritons4 ,dur+ ! int]mission refre%m5ts 7 s]v$ & ! spectacle end$ ) ! sc5es ( ,orpheus1 ,hym5 & ,cupid4 ,f9ally1 ,lucretia1 ,p5elope1 ,?omyris1 ,judi?1 ,portia1 & ,sulpici advanc$ & laid at ! feet ( ! ,du*ess ! palms ( virtue t !y _h won dur+ _! lives4 ,!re is no d\bt t ?is spectacul> fte ( ! ,duke ( ,milan gave ! initial impetus to ! foll[+ ,gr& ,ballets at ! ,fr5* ,c\rt1 :i* 9 turn became ! embryos ( ! mod]n /age dances4 ,x is also v likely t ! well-kn[n masques1 s mu* 9 vogue dur+ ! sev5te5? & eighte5? c5turies1 7 an outcome ( ! orig9al ,milan pageant4 ,9 p>ticul>ly high favor /ood ! masques at ! ,engli% c\rt4 ,?us we read t 9 #afje #8,! ,masque ( ,blackness' 0 giv5 at ,:itehall1 9 :i* ,que5 ,anne & h] ladies black5$ _! sk9s & appe>$ z blackamoors4 ,! ,spani% ,ambassador1 hav+ to kiss ,h] ,maje/y's h&1 gave voice to 8 fe>s t ! black might come (f4 ,?ree ye>s lat] #8,! ,masque ( ,beauty' 0 giv54 ,bo? 7 writt5 by ,b5 ,jonson4 ,! spee*es ( ! masques 7 mo/ly 9 v]se1 b sometimes 9 prose4 ,9 ! #8,masque ( ,ca/illo1' writt5 by ,john ,cr[ne 9 #afge1 ! ,pr9cess ,anne & ,m>y took "p at ,/4 ,james' ,palace & ! p]=mance 0 a great success4 ,?\gh ,bacon designat$ masques z m]e toys1 nev]!less he enjoy$ !m z spectacles on acc\nt ( _! ri* colors & co/umes4 ,9 #afcb ,james ,%irley wrote #8,! ,triumph ( ,peace1' ^u :i* production a sum ( #ba1jjj 0 exp5d$4 ,?is 0 giv5 = ! fir/ "t be=e ! k+ & que5 at ,:itehall & 0 repeat$ 9 ,m]*ant ,tailors' ,hall4 ,! music to ?is 0 compos$ by ,william ,lawes & ,simon ,ives4 ,! sc5es & co/umes 7 design$ & sup]9t5d$ by ! fam\s ar*itect ,inigo ,jones4 ,ne>ly all ! masques ( old5 times 7 writt5 9 honor ( ! m>riage ( royalty or ( "s great nobleman & 7 mo/ly giv5 at ,*ri/ma/ide ,twelf? ,night4 ,!y 7 said to be _m-sid$ 9 _! con/ruction1 music & !mes4 ,= ! mo/ "p !y 7 dramatic1 fe/ive & gay1 ! allegorical *>act]s giv+ !m an elem5t ( poetic *>m4 ,danc+ 0 "o ( _! mo/ pot5t elem5ts1 & ?is 0 graceful1 da9ty & lively4 ,! danc]s call$ mask]s 7 a special feature 9 ! masques1 ?\gh !y _h no?+ to d ) spee* or song4 ,! dresses 9 ^! masques 7 n always accurate1 = ! p>ts 7 sometimes act$ by wom5 9 f>?+ales1 ?\gh !y imp]sonat$ classic goddesses4 ,masques 7 patroniz$ 9 ,engl& = only two c5turies1 ,h5ry ,,viii1 ,elizabe?1 ,james ,i1 & ,*>les ,i be+ _! ma9 sponsors4 ,que5 ,anne ( ,d5m>k 0 s mu* delight$ ) !m t %e act$ "o ( ! *>act]s4 ,alfonso ,f]rabosco1 a not$ musician ( ,italian desc5t1 0 ! compos] ( _m masques dur+ ! reign ( ,james ,i4 ,o!r compos]s 7 ,ni*olas ,lani]e & ,john ,cop]>io4 #8,salmacida ,spolia' by ,sir ,william ,dav5ant1 ) music by ,f]rabosco1 0 said to be "o ( ! mo/ spectacul> masques ( ! sev5te5? c5tury4 ,x consi/$ ( pretty sc5es & songs betwe5 ! dances1 s full ( allegory & devices1 & s gay 9 co/umes & light t x 0 a favorite ( ,engli% nobility = ?ree g5]ations4 ,! mo/ popul> ( ! ,engli% masques 7 #8,love's ,triumph ,callipolis' by ,b5 ,jonson & ,inigo ,jones1 :i* 0 p]=m$ at ! c\rt 9 #afcj2 ! #8,sun's ,d>l+1' p]=m$ 9 #afbc2 ! #8,masque ( ,owles1' p]=m$ = ,k+ ,*>les ,i2 & #8,tempe ,re/or$' by ,aurelian ,t[ns5d1 p]=m$ 9 #afcb1 ) ,que5 ,h5rietta ,m>ia & f\rte5 ladies z ! lead+ *>act]s4 ,9 ! la/-nam$ masque ! bea/s =m a procession1 f\rte5 />s desc5d to ! music ( ! sph]es1 & ,tempe is re/or$ to ! true foll[]s ( ! ,muses4 ,l>ge figures 7 po/$ on ei!r side ( ! /age1 "o a w+$ woman1 ! o!r a man1 ) ! light$ tor* ( ,k & ,ignorance4 ,wom5 ) snaky locks m+l$ ) ,h>mony 9 ! songs ( ! *orus ( ,circe4 ,dances by ! que5 & h] ladies add$ to ! spectacul> "* ( ! sc5e4 ,,*apt] ,,ix ,,! ,,gr& ,,ballet ,,( ,,france ,l\is ,,xiv & ! ballet2 ! ,pavane & ! ,c\rante2 re=ms "u ,l\is ,,xv2 ,nov]re & ! ballet d'action2 ,augu/e ,ve/ris & o!rs2 fam\s ballets ( ! p]iod--! ,revolution & ! ,consulate2 ! ,fr5* te*nique1 ! f\ndation ( #8*oreographic gramm>'2 ! #8five positions'2 ! ballet /eps--,fam\s danseuses3 ,sall1 ,cam>go2 ,madele9e ,guim>d2 ,all>d4 ,i ,?\gh ,ca!r9e de ,m$ici1 ,h5ri ,,iv1 & ,c>d9al ,ri*elieu are (t5 quot$ z ! fir/ rul]s :o enabl$ & enc\rag$ _! subjects to revive ! anci5t dances & ?us lay ! f\ndation ( ! mod]n ballet1 ! honor really belongs to ,l\is ,,xiv4 ,8 love = danc+ 0 s vital t he himself figur$ frequ5tly on ! /age1 & emphasiz$ ! fact t ! !atre 0 n a ,pagan or immoral in/itution4 ,he p]sonally inspir$ ,lully1 ,b5s]ade & ,molire to devote _! g5ius to ! /age4 ,he introduc$ ,m9uets1 ,gavottes1 ,pavanes & ,c\rantes at 8 c\rt functions & !y 7 copi$ by all ! o!r rul]s & by ! nobility4 ,9 #affa ! ,royal ,academy ( ,danc+ 0 f\nd$4 ,to its graduates 7 giv5 ! privileges t 7 enjoy$ only by ! highe/ (fic]s ( ! empire4 ,x is said t ! k+ danc$ 9 ! ,masque ( ,cass&ra :5 he 0 ?irte5 ye>s ( age4 ,! ,fr5* hi/orians write t ,l\is ,,xiv danc$ 9 tw5ty-sev5 gr& ballets1 n to m5tion ! int]mezzi ( lyrical trag$ies & com$y-ballets4 ,9 ! ,ballet du ,c>r\sel1 giv5 9 #affb on a l>ge op5 space be=e ! ,tuil]ies1 ! k+ danc$ 9 ! rle ( a ,roman emp]or & 8 bro!r 9 t ( a ,turki% sultan4 ,on ! occasion ( ! k+'s m>riage 9 #affj ! ballet #8,h]cules 9 ,love' 0 giv5 at ! palace4 ,lully's ballet1 #8,cupid & ,bac*us1' 0 said to be a piece full ( imag9ation1 dramatic1 vigor\s & ri* 9 timely mood4 #8,! ,triumph ( ,love1' p]=m$ 9 #afha1 be+ ! fir/ ballet 9 :i* wom5 appe>$1 is consid]$ "o ( ! be/ creations ( ?is "t musically & sc5ically4 ,"o ( ! mo/ popul> comic ballets ( t era 0 ,impati5cem1 compos$ ( s]ies ( disconnect$ sc5es ( extremely humor\s nature4 ,pec\r & ,le ,basque 7 ! two celebrat$ danc]s ( ^? days1 :ile ,beau*amp1 a tal5t$ compos] & arti/ ( consid]able imag9ative p[]1 act$ z ,director ( ! ,academy ( ,danc+ & ballet-ma/] 9 ! ,opra4 ,all 8 ballets 7 di/+ui%$ by _! extraord9>y complexity ( me*anical contrivances1 by impos+ effects & _! allegorical "*4 ,h[ev]1 t[>ds ! end ( ! c5tury ,dupr appe>$ on ! /age & soon f> surpass$ all 8 pr$ecessors4 ,nov]re speaks ( him z ! god ( danc+1 ^: h>mony ( movem5ts 0 ( m>vell\s p]fection4 ,! pr9cipal t5d5cy ( danc+ ( ?is era 0 to be magnific5t & noble1 b x lack$ individuality & fail$ to /ir ! emotions4 ,! be/ examples ( ?is k9d ( /atel9ess & /iffness are (f]$ by ! ,pavane & ,c\rante1 :i* /ill survive4 ,! g5tleman1 ) hat 9 "o h&1 a gild$ sword at 8 side1 an impos+ cloak ?r[n ov] 8 arm1 gravely b[$ be=e 8 p>tn]1 /iff & /atuesque 9 h] long tra91 & began ! dance walk+ gravely ar\nd ! room4 ,! ,pavane 0 ridicul\sly c]emonial & conv5tional4 ,! ,c\rante 0 diff]5t1 some:at resembl+ ! ,m9uet4 ,x 0 r graceful1 consi/+ ( backw>d & =w>d /eps4 ,h[ fond ! k+ 0 ( ! ,c\rante is evid5t ( :at ,regn>d writes3 #8,pec\r gives him lessons 9 ! ,c\rante e morn+4' ,littr says t ! ,c\rante began by b[s & c\rtseys1 aft] :i* ! danc] & ! p>tn] p]=m$ a set figure1 :i* =m$ a sort ( elongat$ ellipse4 ,?is /ep 0 9 two p>ts3 ! fir/ consi/$ 9 mak+ pli relev1 at ! same "t br++ ! foot f beh9d into ! f\r? position 9 front by a pas gliss2 ! second consi/$ ( a jett ) "o foot1 & a c\p ) ! o!r4 ,! danc]s p]=m$ ! back /ay /ep twice1 return+ to position1 & turn$1 beg9n+ ! movem5t aga9 by repeat+ ! fir/ spr++ /ep & ! back /ay /ep1 s t ! p>tn]s *ang$ places & turn4 ,all ^! ?ree figures 7 !n repeat$1 comm5c+ ) ! opposite foot4 ,eight b>s ( music 7 always occupi$ ) ! sl[ pas de basque 9 a circle4 ,?is briefly %[s ! same designs & =ms 9 ! dance ( ?is era t we f9d 9 ! ,rococco /yle ( ar*itecture4 ,b ! beg9n+ ( ! eighte5? c5tury %[s a m>k$ reaction aga9/ ! /atuesque solemnity1 ! dead /iffness & m]ciless etiquette t _h prevail$4 ,an era ( artificial re=ms beg9s ) ,l\is ,,xv4 ,to ?is p]iod belongs ! orig9 ( our mod]n indu/rialism4 ,! views & feel+s ( ! feudal sy/em beg9 to give place to ^? ( com+ realism & individualism4 ,b ! *ange is insignificant1 z ! art ( danc+ lacks 9 ?is z x did 9 ! o!r1 en]gy1 feel+ & s\l4 ,! "o 0 m impressive ?r\gh its gr& outl9es1 ! o!r excell$ ?r\gh its da9ty *>m1 l ! fa%ions1 decorations & o!r arts ( t "t4 ,long1 gild$ mirrors1 gay g>l&s ( fl[]s1 frail elliptic c>v+s1 graceful designs1 gauzy tissues1 mauve ribbons1 pa9t$ faces & h&s1 p]fum$ atmosph]e1 ^! & num]\s o!r impressions emanate ( ! art ( danc+ ( ! fir/ "p ( ! eighte5? c5tury1 al?\gh to ?is era belong ! vigor\s attempts ( ,jean-,georges ,nov]re1 ! greate/ ( all ! dance au?orities ( ! pa/ c5turies4 ,nov]re1 ! celebrat$ ballet-ma/] ( ,france1 is consid]$ ! fa!r ( ! ballet & classic danc+ g5]ally4 ,! bro!rs ,g>del & ,daub]val bas$ _! ideas ^u ! pr9ciples ( ,nov]re4 ,x 0 he :o drove ! masks1 pani]s1 & padd$ coat-skirts f ! /age & made x human4 #8,a ballet1' he said1 #8is a picture1 or r a s]ies ( pictures1 connect$ by ! action :i* =ms ! subject ( ! ballet4 ,to me ! /age is a canvas on :i* ! compos] pa9ts 8 ideas1 notes 8 music & displays sc5]y color$ by appropriate co/umes4 ,a picture is an imitation ( ,nature2 b a good ballet is ,nature itself1 ennobl$ by all ! *>ms ( art4 ,! music is to danc+ :at ! libretto is to ! music4' ,accord+ to 8 !ory ! action ( ! danc] %\ld be an in/rum5t = ! r5d]+ ( ! writt5 idea4 ,be=e ,nov]re laid ! f\ndation to 8 ballet d'action1 danc+ _h exi/$ z an auxili>y =m to op]a & 0 lack+ 9 any signs ( life4 ,! danc]s we>+ p[d]$ hair pil$ up a foot on _! heads1 & ! m5 9 _! long-skirt$ coats made ! impression m ( a big puppet-%[ ?an ( a liv+ dance4 ,?is made ! use ( intricate & pla/ic movem5ts ( ! body &1 moreov]1 ( mimic expressions1 absolutely impossible4 ,?is is ,nov]re's argum5t3 #8,i wi% to r$uce by ?ree-qu>t]s ! ridicul\s pani]s ( our danseuses4 ,!y are oppos$ equally to fre$om1 to quickness & to ! prompt & animat$ action ( ! dance4 ,!y deprive ! figure ( its elegance & ( ! j proportions :i* x ought to possess4 ,!y dim9i% ! beauty ( ! arms2 !y bury1 s to speak1 ! graces4 ,!y emb>rass & di/ract ! danc] to su* a degree t ! movem5t ( h] pani] sometimes occupies h] m s]i\sly ?an t ( h] limbs4' ,9 spite ( 8 great reputation & influ5ce1 ,nov]re f\nd x difficult to re=m ! /age fundam5tally4 ,he fail$ to p]=m 8 own ballets 9 ! way he wi%$4 ,?us 9 ! #8,horatii' ,camilla appe>$ 9 hoop$ petticoat1 h] hair pil$ up & decorat$ ) fanta/ic ribbons & fl[]s4 ,h[ev]1 8 re=ms ga9$ gr\nd little by little4 ,mu* z he tri$1 he fail$ 9 re=m+ ! /age celebrities ( 8 "t4 ,?is actuat$ ! great re=m] to say1 #8:at we lack is n tal5t1 b emulation4 ,x almo/ seems1 9 fact1 z if ?is 7 delib]ately repress$4 ,h[ ,i %\ld rejoice to see a great danc] p]=m+ "s noble "p )\t plumes or wig or masks6 ,i %\ld !n be able to applaud 8 sublime tal5t ) satisfaction to myself2 & ,i c\ld !n ju/ly apply ! t]m 8great0 to him1 :]eas n[ ! mo/ ,i say is3 8,ah la bella gamba60 ,x is evid5t1 !re=e1 t !atrical danc+ dem&s _m re=ms4 ,!y _c1 ( c\rse1 all be c>ri$ out at once2 b we might at lea/ beg94 ,let u d away ) ^? gold pa9t$ masks1 :i* deprive u ( :at w\ld be "o ( ! mo/ int]e/+ features ( a pas-de-deux1 ! expressions ( ! p]=m]s' faces4 ,! disappe>ance ( ! p]iwig w\ld foll[ ( itself1 & a %eph]d w\ld no long] dance 9 a plum$ helmet4' ,x is said t ! ,nov]re's ballets rea*$ ! numb] ( fifty4 ,b mo/ kn[n ( !m are #8,! ,dea? ( ,ajax1' #8,! ,clem5cy ( ,titus1' #8,! ,caprices ( ,galatea1' #8,orpheus' ,desc5t ,into ,hell1' #8,r9aldo & ,armida1' #8,! ,roses ( ,love1' #8,! ,judgm5t ( ,p>is1' etc4 ,sev]al ( ^! he produc$ at ! c\rts ( ,/uttg>t1 ,vi5na1 ,/4 ,pet]sburg & ,flor5ce4 ,x 0 ?r\gh 8 influ5ce ^u ! ,empress ,anna ( ,russia t ! great ,russian ,imp]ial ,ballet ,s*ool 0 f\nd$1 ^: graduates h be5 electrify+ ! ,european audi5ces dur+ ! pres5t & pa/ decades4 ,nov]re's re=m ideas 7 mu* p]fect$ by ! ,fr5* compos]s & danc]s ( ! foll[+ g5]ation1 m5 :om we h previ\sly m5tion$--,g>del1 ,daub]val1 ! ,ve/ris bro!rs1 &1 9 addition1 ,duport1 ,blasis & ,milon4 ,augu/e ,ve/ris 0 twelve ye>s old :5 he made 8 db 9 ,p>is1 9 #aggb1 9 ! ballet ,la ,c9quanta9e1 & ar\s$ ! wilde/ en?usiasm 9 ! audi5ce4 ,8 high leaps 7 s popul> t 8 fa!r us$ to boa/1 #8,if ,augu/e does n /ay up 9 ! air1 x is because he is unwill+ to humiliate 8 comrades4' ,= ?irty-six ye>s he 0 premi] danseur ( ! ,opra ( ,p>is1 & pres]v$ 8 popul>ity till ! age ( sixty-six1 :5 he retir$ to give lessons 9 danc+ at ! ,academy4 ,( an eighte5?-c5tury p]=mance ,web] writes graphically3 #8,on ,june #aa1 #aggh1 ,mile4 ,guim>d & ! y\ng] ,ve/ris danc$ 9 ! new ballet1 ,les ,petits ,ri5s1 ) ,daub]val & ,mlle4 ,angl94 ,! p]=mance 0 a great success4 ,! only au?or m5tion$ 0 ,nov]re1 ! celebrat$ ballet-ma/]4 ,x 0 he :o _h imag9$ ! ?ree sc5es1 :i* 7 9 fact ! gr\ndwork ( 8 ballet4 ,! fir/ sc5e repres5t$ ,love1 caught 9 a net & put 9 a cage2 ! second1 a game ( bl9d-man's buff2 & 9 ! ?ird1 :i* 0 ! greate/ success1 ,love l$ two %eph]desses up to a ?ird1 disguis$ z a %eph]d1 :o discov]$ ! trick by unveil+ h] bosom4 8,encore60 cri$ ! audi5ce4 ,mlle4 ,guim>d1 ! y\ng] ,ve/ris1 & ,nov]re 7 he>tily applaud$1 b n "o 8bravo60 0 giv5 to ! compos] ( ! music--:o 0 no o!r ?an ! div9e ,moz>t4 ,moz>t1 :o1 fifte5 ye>s be=e1 _h be5 acclaim$ 9 ,p>is z an infant prodigy & an inspir$ compos]1 0 vegetat+ 9 ! city 9 pov]ty & obscurity4 ,! success ( ,les ,petits ,ri5s app>5tly made little diff]5ce to him1 = a few days aft] ! p]=mance we f9d him leav+ ,p>is1 & seek+ employm5t z an organi/ to ensure 8 daily bread4' ,?is sad episode ( ! treatm5t ( "o ( ! greate/ musical g5iuses ( 8 "t is p>tly pro( ( h[ little valu$ 0 ! musical side ( a ballet at t "t1 yet x is also a graphic picture ( ! m5tal level ( audi5ces ( any "t--ours n exclud$--:o judge a g5ius by public s5tim5t artificially ar\s$1 ei!r by means ( "s press-ag5t or by incid5tal novelty4 ,( ! ,g>del ballets ! mo/ popul> 7 ,paul et ,virg9ie1 ,la ,dansomanie1 ,psy*e1 ,l',oracle1 ,telemaque1 & ,le ,ds]teur4 ,! writ] witness$ a p]=mance ( ,psy*e giv5 by ! ,russian ,imp]ial ,ballet ) all ! true atmosph]e ( its age1 & x made a peculi> impression1 simil> to t :i* we get 9 visit+ e?nographic museums ( ,europe4 ,x 0 p]=m$ 9 ,p>is fir/ "t on ,decemb] #ad1 #agij1 at ! ,?tre des ,arts & pleas$ ! p s imm5sely t x has be5 repeat$ n few] ?an a ?\s& times s9ce4 ,! ,dansomanie1 :i* 0 giv5 dur+ ! ,revolution1 0 less effective & ! au?or 0 app>5tly depress$1 ?\gh he _h *os5 a subject ( timely "*--peasants1 villag]s & ,savoy>d f>m]s act+ z ! h]oes4 ,8 ballet1 ,guillaume ,tell1 promis$ to be m successful1 z ! ,committee ( ,public ,safety _h ord]$ its p]=mance1 b ! money grant$ = its /ag+ 0 /ol5 by politicians & ,g>del took back 8 manuscript4 ,x 0 giv5 aft] 8 dea?4 ,b 8 spectacul> ballet ,m>seillaise creat$ a furore :5 x 0 giv5 at ! ,opra4 ,! ballet op5$ ) a bla/ ( trumpets1 & 0 execut$ by danc]s dress$ z w>riors & p>ticipants 9 a hungry mob4 ,mlle4 ,maill>d1 p]sonify+ ,lib]ty1 took h] rle s well t ! actors on ! /age & ! audi5ce fell on _! knees be=e h]1 z ?\gh 9 pray]4 ,! solemn hymn passage ( ?is "p ( ! op]a1 & ! sl[1 maje/ic dance ( ! arti/ 7 s impressive t ! audi5ce bur/ into sobs4 ,,ii ,?\gh ! ballet lo/ its previ\s spl5dor "u ! ,revolution1 yet x became m vigor\s 9 its en=c$ simplicity4 ,! ,fr5* writ]s admit t ! ballets p]=m$ 9 connection ) ! ftes ( ! ,republic 7 m>k$ by m s]i\s t5d5cies & possess$ c]ta9 pr(\nd emotional qualities4 ,actors & danc]s soon accommodat$ !mselves to ! new ideals ( social life4 ,! ,fe/ival ( ! ,supreme ,be+1 conduct$ by ,robespi]re himself1 0 ! mo/ important ( ! it9]ant ballets ( t "t4 ,x 0 a c]emony ( classic nature1 p]=m$ ) sl[ & m>*-l /eps4 ,special c]emonial dances 7 also p]=m$ by ! colossal /atue ( ,wisdom to ! accompanim5t ( an or*e/ra4 ,! memb]s ( ! ,conv5tion _h _! places on a specially erect$ plat=m1 :ile *oirs *ant$ a hymn to ! ,supreme ,be+4 ,! ,presid5t set fire ) a tor* to an image ( ,a!ism4 #8,an imm5se m\nta91' writes ,ca/il-,blaze1 #8symboliz$ ! national alt>2 ^u its summits rises ! tree ( ,lib]ty1 ! ,repres5tatives range !mselves "u its protective bran*es1 fa!rs ) _! sons assemble on ! "p ( ! m\nta9 set aside = !m2 mo!rs ) _! daught]s place !mselves on ! o!r side2 _! fecundity & ! virtues ( _! husb&s are _! sole titles to a place !re4 ,a pr(\nd sil5ce reigns all ar\nd2 t\*+ /ra9s ( h>moni\s melody are he>d3 ! fa!rs & _! sons s+ ! fir/ /rophe2 !y swe> ) "o accord t !y w n lay d[n _! arms until !y h annihilat$ ! enemies ( ! ,republic1 & all ! p take up ! f9ale4' ,?is %ort picture gives a fairly cle> idea ( ! ,revolution>y p]iod1 :i* laid a new f\ndation to ! ,fr5* arts1 includ+ ! art ( danc+4 ,! hi/orians tell u t sc>cely 0 ! ,t]ror at an end :5 tw5ty-?ree !atres & eighte5 hundr$ danc+ salons 7 op5 e ev5+ 9 ,p>is4 ,! co/umes worn by ! danc]s "u ! fir/ ,republic 7 m or less imitations ( ^? ( ! anci5t ,greeks4 ,! wom5 arrang$ _! hair 9 imitation ( ! coiffures ( ,aspasia & ,sappho1 & appe>$ ) b>e arms1 b>e bosoms1 s&all$ feet1 & hair b\nd 9 plaits r\nd _! heads4 ,ev5 dur+ ! ,t]ror p danc$ 9 e re/aurant on ! b\lev>ds1 9 ! ,*amps lyses1 & along ! quays4 ,x is said ! p danc$ 9 ord] to =get ! trag$ies ( ! day4 ,milon 0 a celebrat$ compos] & ballet-ma/] "u ! ,consulate4 ,! mo/ popul> ( 8 ballets dur+ ?is p]iod 7 ,les ,sauvages de la ,m] du ,sud1 ,lucas et ,laurette1 ,hro et ,le&re1 ,cl>y1 ,n9a1 ,le ,c>naval de ,v5ise1 etc4 ,z 9 _! dress & _! ideals1 s also 9 _! danc+ ! p %[$ an outspok5 t5d5cy to appe> la sauvage4 ,h[ev]1 ! political turmoils t %ook ,france 9 ^! c5turies1 :5 ! art ( ballet cry/alliz$ into a sy/ematic %ape1 assi/$ its natural developm5t1 *iefly by =c+ x to sw+ f "o extreme to ! o!r4 ,! f\ndation :i* ! ,fr5* gr& ballet laid = ! art ( danc+ /ill prevails 9 all ! danc+ s*ools ( ,europe4 ,! ballet codes ( all ! mod]n nations use ! same ,fr5* gramm> ( te*nique z t :i* 0 taught to ,mlles4 ,sall1 ,cam>go1 & ,guim>d dur+ ! pa/ c5turies4 ,to ! ,fr5* ,academy ( ,danc+ ! _w owes ! pr9ciples ( ! ballet-te*nique1 ! pir\ettes1 jets1 *asss1 etc4 ,! ,fr5* ballet-ma/]s f\nd x necess>y to divide danc+ into five diff]5t positions1 :i* =m$ ! f\ndation ( all danc+2 & !n classifi$ ! v>i\s /yles ( /eps4 ,9 describ+ fir/1 ! positions1 we beg9 ) ! "r foot1 b ! movem5ts w\ld be ! same if we w\ld *oose ! left foot4 ,fir/ position3 place ! heels aga9/ ea* o!r1 ! knees & toes turn$ well out1 ! legs firm & /raight1 ! body erect & well balanc$1 /&+ equally on ! two feet4 ,second position3 pass ! "r foot to ! side to ! l5g? ( ! foot1 ! weight ( ! body re/+ on bo? feet1 ! "r heel turn$ =w>d4 ,?ird position3 br+ ! heel ( ! ext5d$ foot close to ! holl[ ( ! o!r in/ep1 9 ! middle4 ,f\r? position3 move ! "r toe to ! front1 ! toe po9t$1 ! heel =w>d4 ,fif? position3 let ! feet be completely cross$1 ! heel ( "o foot br\ght to ! toe ( ! o!r4 ,9 sy/ematiz+ ! dance /eps ! ,fr5* bas$ _! te*nique ^u ! anci5t me?od4 ,"h we f9d ! pas m>*1 or ! walk+ /ep1 9 :i* ! toe is po9t$ & is accompani$ by a spr+y gait1 = x is (t5 comb9$ ) a jet & a demi c\p1 z ! prim>y /eps ( ! ballet4 ,?is is foll[$ by ! jet1 :i* means1 spr+ =w>d on ! po9t$ toe ( ! front foot s t ! weight is ?r[n on x4 ,to p]=m ?is x is necess>y fir/ to b5d ! knee & jump on ! foot2 second1 to br+ ! toe ( ! "r foot into ! above-describ$ ?ird position2 ?ird1 advance ! "r foot 9 small /eps2 f\r?1 br+ ! left foot beh9d into ! fif? position & raise ! "r4 ,! pas c\p is a /ep t requires ! rais+ ( "o foot to ! second position1 !n br++ x quickly to ! o!r foot1 :i* is !n rais$4 ,lit]ally x means a /ep cut %ort4 ,a /ep to ! side is call$ c\p lat]al1 x is a c\p dess\s if ! same movem5t is execut$ 9 front or beh9d4 ,!n !re is a demi c\p1 9 :i* ! /ep is half made4 ,! *ass is a /ep 9 :i* ! feet appe> to be *as+ ea* o!r close to ! gr\nd4 ,x requires ! advanc+ ( ! front foot1 br++ ! o!r close to x beh9d1 !n advanc+ ! h9d foot to ! front1 ) an assembl r\nd ! o!r foot4 ,! fir/ movem5t requires a /ep =w>d ) "r foot1 br++ ! toe ( ! left to ! heel ( ! front foot4 ,!n /ep =w>d1 br+ ! foot back to ?ird position ) an assembl1 & let ! o!r foot take ! fif? position 9 front4 ,! battem5ts is balanc+ on "o foot1 :ile ! o!r is ext5d$ to ! side1 front or back1 & return+ to ! fif? position1 9 front or at ! back4 ,9 ! petit battem5ts ! movem5ts are made ) ! toe on ! gr\nd4 ,= !atrical danc+ ! leg is rais$ z high z possible4 ,! arabesque is a /ep t requires ! plac+ ( ! foot 9 ! ?ird position1 !n a slide ( ! left foot to ! second position1 turn+ ! face & body 9 ! same direction1 ! left h& curv$ above ! head4 ,9 ! second movem5t ! "r foot %\ld be well ext5d$ beh9d1 & ! "r h& /ret*$ out beh9d4 ,( a q diff]5t nature is ! cabriole1 :i* means /rik+ ! feet or calves ( ! legs toge!r 9 ! c\rse ( a leap4 ,a demi-cabriole is a leap f "o foot to ! o!r1 /rik+ ! feet :ile al(t4 ,x requires ! feet to be 9 ! ?ird position1 slid+ ! "r foot to ! side1 pass+ ! left foot to ! back1 spr++ on ! "r foot1 & turn+ & leav+ ! left foot /ill beh9d2 ! f\r? movem5t br+s ! left foot =w>d ) ! "r knee to ! ?ird position4 ,execut$ by tra9$ ballet danc]s ) bo? feet 9 ! air :ile ! legs are rapidly sep>at$ & br\ght toge!r1 x is an effective trick4 ,well kn[n ev5 to social danc]s1 z ! basis ( ! polka-/ep1 is ! pas b\rre4 ,?is requires ! danc] to /& on ! front foot :ile ! back "o is rais$4 ,9 ! fir/ movem5t ! back foot is br\ght into ! ?ird position on ! toes4 ,! second movem5t is ! beat+ ( ! front foot1 & ?ird movem5t ! beat+ ( back & front feet4 ,to ?is /ep belongs ! pas de b\rre embot1 :i* requires ! advanc+ ( ! "r foot to ! f\r? position1 ! toe po9t$ & ! knee /raight1 ! br++ up ( ! left foot to ! f\r? position ) ! toe po9t$ beh9d ! "r1 & ! advanc+ ( ! "r foot ) ! toe po9t$ to ! f\r? position )\t any rais+ or s9k+ ( ! body2 x is all p]=m$ on ! toes4 ,q acrobatic 9 "* are ! celebrat$ pir\ettes--movem5ts compos$ ( a demi-c\p & two /eps on ! po9ts ( ! toes4 ,! pir\ette />ts by br++ "o foot to ! fif? position beh9d1 ! toe t\*+ ! heel1 !n rais+ bo? heels & turn+ on ! toe1 rev]s+ ! position ( ! feet1 & revolv+ on ! toe4 ,a pir\ette us$ 9 ! old dances consi/s ( a turn on "o foot & ! rais+ ( ! heel ( ! o!r1 /epp+ ) ! toe ( ?is foot f\r times & s gett+ ar\nd ! o!r "o4 ,9 "s ( ! sl[ pir\ettes ! movem5t seems to consi/ ( ! rais+ ( ! foot & jump+ r\nd z 9 "s ( ! c\ntry dances4 ,to ?is class belongs ! f\ett1 :i* gives a fluid1 sw++ impression4 ,( anci5t ,fr5* orig9 is ! pas de basque1 :i* />ts 9 ! fif? position ) ! br++ ( ! "r foot =w>d ) po9t$ toe1 & pass+ 9 a semi-circle to ! second position ) ! weight on ! "r foot1 !n ) a glissade ?r\gh ! ?ird position into ! f\r?4 ,! glissade is a slide4 ,slide ! front foot f ! ?ird position ) po9t$ toe slightly rais$ to ! "r2 !n br+ ! left toe to ! "r heel1 & vice v]sa4 ,! fir/ movem5t is ! slid+ ( ! foot f ! ?ird to ! second position2 ! second1 ! left foot is drawn into ! ?ird position =w>d & repeats4 ,! fleuret is a movem5t compos$ ( a demi-c\p & two /eps on ! po9ts ( ! toes4 ,/>t 9 ! f\r? position )\t t\*+ ! gr\nd1 b5d ! knees equally & pass ! "r foot 9 front 9 ! f\r? position1 & s rise on ! po9ts ( ! toes & walk two /eps on ! toes1 lett+ ! heel be firm z y f9i%4 ,?is c be done also at ! back & sides4 ,! #8balance' is p]=m$ by ris+ & fall+ on ! side ( "o foot1 :ile ! o!r is br\ght up close4 ,! bris & entre-*at are relat$ movem5ts4 ,!y occur dur+ ! spr+ :ile 9 ! air4 ,! feet cross & recross1 & assume v>i\s positions4 ,! *angem5t de pi$ is a conv5tional /ep4 ,9 ! fir/ movem5t ! danc] spr+s upw>d f ! ?ird position ) ! "r foot =w>d2 9 ! second1 he ?r[s ?is foot back & ! left =w>d1 dropp+ d[n into ! ?ird position1 ! situation ( ! feet be+ *ang$2 ?is c be done 9 ! same mann] />t+ f ! fif? position4 ,! pas saut is a jump+ /ep1 p]=m$ by b5d+ ! knee & leap+ on "o foot :ile ! o!r is rais$4 ,( m or less importance are ! assembl & ! ballott4 ,! movem5t 9 ! =m] is t ( br++ ! foot f an op5 to a clos$ position1 z f ! second position to ! fif?4 ,! latt] is a cross+ ( ! feet alt]nately be=e & beh9d4 ,!n !re is ! pivot1 9 :i* ! danc] revolves on "o foot :ile ! o!r beats "t 9 turn+ ar\nd4 ,?is is briefly ! elem5t>y gramm> ( ! ,fr5* ballet te*nique1 ^u :i* ! me*anical "p ( ! art ( danc+ has be5 bas$4 ,?is 0 ?\ght to be ( ess5tial value = a danc] 9 produc+ ! mo/ effective l9es ( ! v>i\s positions & ge/ures ( ! body4 ,accord+ to ! views ( ! au?orities ( ! ,fr5* ,academy1 m5tal application to physical ef=t 7 ! *ief requirem5ts ( a danc]4 ,! gymna/ic1 & p>ticul>ly ! acrobatic1 features occupi$ ! =emo/ place 9 ! ballet p]=mances4 ,?us danc]s 9 a ballet 7 n consid]$ human be+s b r mov+ figures 9 a decorative design4 ,ev5 ! celebrat$ prima ball]9as1 ,mlles4 ,sall1 ,cam>go & ,guim>d1 :o are consid]$ z ! fir/ accompli%$ wom5 danc]s on ! ,european /age1 ) _! #8ravi%+ figures1' & #8en*ant+ appe>ances' z ,voltaire prais$ !m 9 8 poems1 rema9$ acrobatic puppets1 z comp>$ ) our mod]n t]psi*orean celebrities4 ,,iii ,! adv5t ( ! above-nam$ ?ree ,fr5* ballet danc]s 0 due to ! g5ial re=ms ( ,nov]re1 ! ,%akespe>e ( ! dance1 9 ! eighte5? c5tury4 ,we "k v little ( ! pr9cipal qualities ( ,mlle4 ,sall's art1 except t %e dislik$ rapid measures & *oreographic ecc5tricities4 ,%e 0 ! pr9cipal danc] 9 _m ( ,nov]re's ballets1 especially 9 #8,! ,caprices ( ,galatea' & #8,r9aldo & ,armida1' & 9 sev]al ,g>del ballets4 ,9 #agcd %e appe>$ at ,cov5t ,g>d5 9 ,london1 9 ! ballet ( #8,pygmalion & ,galatea1' & seem$ to electrify h] audi5ces s mu* t ,h&el wrote = h] ! ballet #8,t]psi*ore1' & at ! close ( ! ballet purses fill$ ) jewels 7 %[]$ on ! /age at h] feet4 ,! real favorite ( ! eighte5? c5tury op]a habitus 0 ,mlle4 ,cam>go4 ,h] success is said to h be5 s s5sational t ! cr[ds ar\nd ! doors ( ! !atre 9 ,london f\ght = ! m]e privilege ( see+ h]4 ,%e 0 also fam\s = h] en*ant+ body & fasc9at+ p]sonality4 ,?\gh born 9 ,brussels1 %e 0 ! daught] ( a ,spani% ballet-ma/]1 !re=e %e _h at h] comm& all ! impassion$ art ( ! anci5t ,caditians4 ,at ! age ( t5 %e 0 s5t by ! ,pr9cess de ,ligne to ,p>is & became a pupil ( ,madame ,prvo/1 ! =emo/ danc+ tea*] ( t "t4 ,at ! age ( elev5 %e made h] db at ,r\52 b %e cont9u$ h] /udy until %e 0 sixte5 :5 %e appe>$ = ! fir/ "t at ! ,op]a 9 ,p>is ) unp>allel$ success4 #8,nimble1 coquetti%1 & light z a sylph1 %e sp>kl$ ) intellig5ce1' writes ,ca/il-,blaze4 #8,%e add$ to di/9ction & fire ( execution a bewit*+ gayety :i* 0 all h] own4 ,h] figure 0 v favorable to h] tal5t3 h&s1 feet1 limbs1 /ature1 all 7 p]fect4 ,b h] face1 ?\gh expressive1 0 n rem>kably beautiful4 ,& z 9 ! case ( ! fam\s h>lequ9 ,dom9ique1 h] gayety 0 a gayety ( ! /age only2 9 private life %e 0 sadness itself4' ,cam>go is cr$it$ ) hav+ br\ght ab\t an absolute revolution 9 op]a by h] fanciful & +5i\s improvisations4 ,9 spite ( ! prevail+ /iffness & rigid rules 9 ! ballet %e made a special place = h]self by depict+ ! *>act]s t %e _h to p]sonify on ! /age4 ,%e delight$ 9 ! conqu]+ ( te*nical difficulties4 ,/ormy love affairs affect$ h] s mu* t = six ye>s %e retir$ f ! /age4 ,b %e quitt$ public life 9 #agda & liv$ 9 seclusion ! re/ ( h] life4 ,%e left two *ildr5 ) ! ,duc de ,ri*elieu & ,comte de ,cl]mont4 ,%e di$ at sixty ye>s ( age & #80 rememb]$ z ! grave1 sweet woman ^: la/ ye>s _h be5 sp5t 9 lonel9ess & m$itation4' ,madele9e ,guim>d1 ^: fame loom$ up soon aft] ! retirem5t ( ,cam>go1 rema9$ = =ty ye>s a comm&+ figure 9 ! ,fr5* ballet4 ,born 9 ,p>is 9 #agdc1 %e made h] db at ! age ( eighte5 & 0 acclaim$ z an arti/ ( exquisite figure1 m>vell\s grace1 & extremely di/+ui%$ mann]s4 ,%e knew h[ to make money out ( h] ri* patrons b %e 0 also mo/ reckless 9 ! exp5diture ( h] weal? & h] affections4 ,%e possess$ two elaborate villas1 "o at ,pant91 ! o!r 9 ! ,*ausse d',ant91 9 bo? ( :i* %e _h built little /ages on :i* %e & h] contempor>y /age celebrities gave p]=mances to ! high society ( ,p>is4 ,fleury says t #8x 0 a gala day = "o ( our actors :5 he c\ld escape f ! des]t ( ! ,comdie ,franaise & disport himself on ! bo>ds ( a !atre s p]fectly arrang$4' ,%e ent]ta9$ ! gue/s ( ! c\rt at h] h\ses & lov$ to make h] arrangem5ts to cla% ) ^? giv5 at ! c\rt4 ,%e 0 said to be p5sion$ by a ,royal pr9ce1 a bank] & a bi%op1 b lo/ ne>ly ev]y?+ 9 ! revolution>y /orms4 ,retir+ f ! ,opra 9 #aghi1 %e m>ri$ ! danc] ,despreaux1 :o di$ soon aft]4 ,h] old age 0 v]g+ on mis]y & %e di$ neglect$ 9 a mis]able ?ree-room ap>tm5t 9 ! ,rue ,m5>s1 at ! age ( sev5ty-?ree4 ,a great dramatic ball]9a aft] ,cam>go 0 ,mlle4 ,all>d1 ^: p>tn]s 7 ,ve/ris1 ,daub]val & ,g>del4 ,h] fr5zi$ admir]s claim$ t %e f> surpass$ ,cam>go because ( h] add$ fire1 h] unusual agility & ! expressive beauty ( h] poses4 ,at "o "t %e w\ld be an ideal ,sylvia1 g5tle & graceful to h] f+]-tips1 !n aga9 %e 0 ! t]rible ,m$ea2 n[ %e p]sonifi$ ! e!real *>ms ( a goddess ( y\?1 !n ! voluptu\s passions ( a sultana4 ,%e figur$ z ! prima ball]9a 9 _m ( ! ballets writt5 by ,maximilian ,g>del1 ,milon1 ,moz>t & ,ross9i4 ,( o!r danc]s ( ! ,fr5* s*ool :o enjoy$ public favor "u ! ,republic & ! e>ly ,napoleonic era ,duport is ! only conspicu\s figure4 ,be+ a special favorite ) ,napoleon1 he 0 ! /> 9 ! ballets ( ,blasis & ,bla*e4 ,he compos$ "s ballets himself 9 :i* he play$ ! lead+ rles4 ,b ^! ga9$ little success4 ,napoleon wrote to ,cambac]es f ,lyons t x 0 inconceivable to him :y ,duport _h be5 all[$ to compose ballets4 #8,?is "y man has n be5 9 vogue a ye>4 ,:5 "o has made su* a m>k$ success 9 a p>ticul> l9e1 x is a little precipitate to invade ! specialty ( o!r m51 :o h gr[n gray at _! "w4' ,?is cle>ly %[s h[ mu* ! great emp]or 0 int]e/$ 9 ! ballet1 & h[ well he c\ld criticize its arti/ic values4 ,! ,napoleonic era /opp$ tempor>ily ! developm5t ( ! ballet4 ,pieces compos$ dur+ ?is "t ga9$ production m easily on =eign /ages ?an at home4 ,?us ! brilliant ,anto9e et ,clopatre1 ) music by ,kreutz]1 liv$ a few p]=mances at home1 :]eas x became "o ( ! mo/ successful ballets abroad4 ,! same 0 ! case ) ,bla*e's ballets #8,don ,juan1' #8,gu/ave ,vasa' & #8,malakavel1' :i* became ! favorites ( ! ,/4 ,pet]sburg audi5ces1 :ile !y rema9$ unkn[n at home4 ,x seems z if ! political ev5ts :i* m>k$ su* a great /ep t[>ds democratic ideas 9 ,france & ,europe became a s]i\s /umbl+-/one to ! evolution ( ! dance4 ,democratic ,engl& always reli$ on autocratic ,france1 ,italy1 ,au/ria & ,russia = /imulation 9 danc+4 ,all ! great ballet celebrities ( cont95tal ,europe f\nd 9 ,engl& responsive & g5]\s audi5ces1 b nev] any s]i\s rivals4 ,:o ( ! great ,fr5* prima ball]9as or male danc]s1 f ,mlle4 ,sall till ,c>lotta ,grisi1 did n make pilgrimages to ,drury ,lane8 ,illu/ration3 ,danseuses en ,scne 7,! ,ballet7 ,pa9t+ by ,e4 ,degas ,?\gh to ! p]iod ( ! ,r5aissance & ! ,european national awak5+ belong all ! immortal musical g5iuses1 l ,ba*1 ,moz>t1 ,gluck1 ,bee?ov51 ,s*ub]t & o!rs1 :o laid ! f\ndations ( ! op]a & symphony1 yet ^! m5 seem$ to ignore ! ballet 7if we leave out ( consid]ation _! inf]ior or incid5tal works74 ,gluck wrote a few pieces ( ?is ord]1 & s did ,moz>t2 b !y are n ! works ( _! inspiration4 ,scribe1 ,ross9i1 ,aub]1 ,web] & ,mey]be] gave occasional expression to ballet music1 p>ticul>ly 9 connection ) _! op]as1 b !y reg>d$ ^! works z inf]ior to _! op]as4 ,!re are two reasons = ?is3 ecclesia/ical prejudice & ! revolution>y mob4 ,j z a fanatical cl]gy br&$ ! dance z ,pagan & immoral1 s ! mob has always reg>d$ ! ballet z an ari/ocratic luxury4 ,sci5ce seems to u ess5tially democratic2 b f ! arts !re brea!s an air ( snobbi%ness & luxury4 ,! hi/ory ( civilization has n yet record$ a truly democratic art1 p>ticul>ly a democratic ballet4 ,,*apt] ,x ,,! ,,folk-,,dances ,,( ,,europe ,! rise ( nationalism--,! ,spani% folk-dances3 ! ,f&ango2 ! ,jota2 ! ,bol]o2 ! ,seguidilla2 o!r ,spani% folk-dances2 g5]al *>act]i/ics2 co/umes--,engl&3 ! ,morris dance2 ! ,c\ntry dance2 ! ,sword dance2 ! ,horn dance--,scotl&3 ,scot* ,reel1 ,hornpipe1 etc4--,irel&3 ! ,jig2 ,briti% social dances--,france3 ,rond1 ,b\rre & ,f>&ole--,italy3 ! ,t>antella1 etc4--,hung>y3 ! ,cz>das1 ,szolo & relat$ dances2 ! ,e/honians--,g]many3 ! ,fackeltanz1 etc4--,f9l&2 ,sc&9avia & ,holl&--,! ,li?uanians1 ,poles & ,s\!rn ,slavs2 ! ,r\manians & ,arm5ians--,! ,russians3 ballad dances2 ! ,kasat*y & ,kam>i5skaya2 conclusion4 ,! greate/ factor 9 ! /imulation ( ,european art1 p>ticul>ly music1 drama & ballet aft] ! bloody ,napoleonic w>s1 0 ! rise ( nationalism1 vigor\sly manife/$ 9 ! folk-art--dresses1 cu/oms1 decorations1 build+s1 songs & dances--( v>i\s nations4 ,! fir/ /eps 9 ?is direction 7 tak5 by ! ,sc&9avians3 ,grieg1 ,ibs51 ,bjrnson & ,augu/ ,b\rnoville4 ,:at ,nov]re 0 to ari/ocratic ,france t ,b\rnoville 0 to ,sc&9avia4 ,in/ead ( se>*+ = models & inspiration 9 ! ari/ocratic traditions ( ! pa/ c5turies1 ^! m5 turn$ to ! inexhau/ible treasuries ( ! national folk-art4 ,& !y truly discov]$ new beauties 9 ! simple racial traits ( ! p4 ,9 ! previ\sly despis$ peasant art !y f\nd unexpect$ /hetic gems1 out ( :i* !y began to =m ! individual beauties ( _! new art4 ,! ,sc&9avians 7 soon foll[$ by ! "y ,russian dream]s3 ,gl9ka1 ,d>gomijsky1 ,s](f1 ,balakireff1 ,m\ssorgsky & ,ts*aik[sky 9 music & also 9 ballet2 ,gogol1 ,turg5ieff1 ,do/oievsky & ,o/rovsky 9 drama & lit]ature1 turn$ 9 _! creations to ! ri* & unexploit$ folk-lore ( ! p4 ,russian music1 p]haps m ?an any o!r1 is a true mirror ( ! racial s\l4 ,!re is fire1 gloom1 sorr[ & joy1 remodell$ & express$ 9 ! same racial _s z t 9 :i* ! m\jik s+s 8 ,ai ,ou*nem1 or builds 8 izba4 ,! electrify+ effect ( ! ,russian danc]s ^u ! ,european audi5ces is n due to ! influ5ce ( ! ,fr5* ,academy1 on ! model ( :i* ! ,russian ,imp]ial ,ballet ,s*ool 0 =m$1 z _m music & dance critics ( ! old & new worlds seem to ?9k1 b to ! primitive racial _s1 to ! great /age g5iuses ( ! ,russian ,empire1 :o began _! "w on ! basis ( e?nographic pr9ciples4 ,x is !re=e 9 ! folk-dances t we mu/ look = ! solution ( future dance problems1 x is 9 ! e?nographic elem5t t is laid ! f\ndation ( ! mod]n art dance4 ,i ,:ile tak+ into consid]ation ! folk-dances ( v>i\s ,european nations1 we f9d t ^? ( ,spa9 are ! ri*e/ 9 racial individuality1 mo/ passionate 9 _! /hetic conception1 & mo/ p[]ful 9 _! dynamic language4 ,) _! m$ival my/]y1 magic passion1 m]ciless fury1 angelic grace & s$uctive pla/ic =ms ! ,spani% folk-dances rema9 ! mo/ impressive examples ( folk-art4 ,! c5turies ( ,inquisition1 romantic trag$ies ( ! ,moors & ! silh\ettes ( an ,alhambra are all express$ 9 ! voluptu\s l9es ( a ,jota or ,f&ango1 reg>dless ( :e!r !y are p]=m$ by an ,&alusian or an ,aragon beauty4 ,s manifold is ! ,spani% folk-dance & s ri* ! ,spani% imag9ation t ea* prov9ce has its own peculi> dance1 ( :i*1 z 9 ! case ( ! ,z>zuelas1 ! inhabitants are imm5sely pr\d1 & :i* !y dance on ! occasion ( ! ftes ( _! patron-sa9ts4 ,! ,&alusians boa/ ( _! ,bond9as1 ! ,galicians ( _! ,muyni]as1 ! ,murcians ( _! ,torras & ,pavanas1 etc4 ,danc+ is ! great pa/ime ( a ,spani>d4 ,a dance ( di/9ctly ,moori% traits is ! ,polo4 ,?is is p]=m$ to ! music ( ! gaita1 a k9d ( bagpipe1 & to ! songs accompany+ x4 ,devili] tells u h[ ! male danc] looks ov] ! girls pres5t &1 smil+ on "o ( !m1 s+s3 #8,come hi!r1 little "o1 & we'll dance a ,polo t'll %ake d[n half ,seville4' #8,! girl s address$ 0 p]haps tw5ty ye>s ( age1 plump1 robu/1 /rapp+ & supple4 ,/epp+ pr\dly =w>d1 ) t easy sway+ ( ! hips :i* is call$ ! m5eo1 %e /ood 9 ! c5tre ( ! c\rt await+ h] cavali]4 ,!n ca/aets /ruck up1 accompani$ by ! gay j+le ( tamb\r9es & ! by/&]s kept "t by tapp+ ! flags ( ! y>d ) _! heels or _! sword-canes1 or by slapp+ ! backs ( ! f+]s ( ! "r h&1 & !n /rik+ ! two palms toge!r4 ,! danc]1 m>vell\sly second$ by h] p>tn]1 _h little ne$ ( ^! incitem5ts2 n[ %e twi/$ ?is way1 & n[ t1 z if to escape ! pursuit ( h] cavali]2 aga9 %e seem$ to *all5ge him1 lift+ & l[]+ to "r & to left ! fl\nc$ skirt ( h] calico dress1 %[+ a :ite />*$ petticoat & a well-turn$1 n]v\s leg4 ,! spectators grew m & m excit$4 ,/rik+ a tamb\r9e1 "s "o ca/ x d[n at ! girl's feet2 & %e danc$ r\nd x ) r$\bl$ animation & agility4 ,b soon ! exhau/$ danc]s _h to s9k ^u a b5* ( ! c\rty>d4' ,"o ( ! mo/ typical ( ! ,spani% folk-dances is ! celebrat$ ,f&ango1 t surpasses 9 its wild passions & vulcanic vigor ev]y?+ ( its k9d4 ,if y see x p]=m$ 9 ! %ad[s ( ! ru9$ ,moori% ca/les & mosques to a measure 9 rapid triple "t1 & he> ! %>p clank ( ebony or ivory ca/aets beat+ /range1 ?robb+ rhy?ms1 y /& spellb\nd & electrifi$1 a mute witness ( /rik+ e?nographic magic4 ,y seem to feel ! pulse ( ! semi-tropical1 semi-,african race4 ,! flutt] & glitt]1 passion & quiv]+ s$uctiv5ess1 are a glimpse into ! /hetic dep?s ( a national s\l4 ,! dance seems to inflame ! danc]s z well z ! spectators4 ,a ,spani% poet speaks ( ! ,f&ango z ( an electric %ock t animates all he>ts4 #8,m5 & wom51' he writes1 #8"y & old1 ackn[l$ge ! p[] ( ! ,f&ango air ov] ! e>s & s\l ( e ,spani>d4 ,! "y m5 spr+ to _! places1 rattl+ ca/aets1 or imitat+ _! s\nd by snapp+ _! f+]s4 ,! girls are rem>kable = ! will[y languor & lightness ( _! movem5ts1 ! voluptu\sness ( _! attitudes--beat+ ! exacte/ "t ) tapp+ heels4 ,p>tn]s tease & entreat & pursue ea* o!r by turns4 ,sudd5ly ! music /ops1 & ea* danc] %[s 8 skill by rema9+ absolutely motionless1 b\nd+ aga9 into ! full life ( ! ,f&ango z ! or*e/ra /rikes up4 ,! s\nd ( ! guit>1 ! viol91 ! rapid tic-tac ( ! heels 7taconeos71 ! crack ( f+]s & ca/aets1 ! supple sway+ ( ! danc]s1 fill ! spectators ) ec/asy4' ,an equally well kn[n ( ! ,spani% folk-dances is ! ,jota1 :i* is said to h orig9at$ 9 ! prov9ce ( ,aragon1 ?\gh ! inhabitants ( ,val5cia & ,&alusia claim t ! ,jota is ! inv5tion ( _! ance/ors c5turies be=e ! ,aragonians knew ( x4 ,x is a m c]emonial & less passionate dance ?an ! ,f&ango1 z x is p]=m$ on ,*ri/mas ,eve & at o!r fe/ivals ) ! purpose ( invok+ ! favor ( ! ,virg94 ,! ,k9neys write ( x3 #8,x is a good1 s\nd fruit ( ! soil1 full ( sub/ance1 & invit+ to ! eye z good s\nd fruit may be4 ,no academy's ho?\se c>e has be5 ne$$ to develop or protect x2 ! h& ( ! peasant has cultivat$ )\t dirty+ x4 ,& t1 :5 y look ov] ! hi/ory ( danc+ 9 "s m progressive nations1 is a pretty significant ?+4 ,! p ( ,aragon are n novelty-hunt]s4 ,p]haps t is :y !y h be5 satisfi$ :ile p]fect+ ! dance ( _! prov9ce n to p]v]t x f its prop] motive--:i* is to express 9 t]ms ( poetry bo? ! vigor & ! innoc5ce ( ru/ic1 romp+1 boy-&-girl c\rt%ip4' #8,a trace ( /iffness ( limb & angul>ity ( movem5t1 prop] to ! ,jota1 imbu$ x ) a cont9u\s h9t ( ! rural grotesque4 ,yet1 z ! angul> spire ( ! ,go?ic ca!dral ne$ be no less graceful ?an ! r\nd$ dome ( ! mosque1 s ! ,jota conc$es no?+ 9 beauty to ! m roll+ movem5t ( ! dance ( ,&alusia4 ,x is broad & big ( movem5t2 ! ca/aets mo/ ( ! "t are held /rongly out at arm's l5g?4 ,"o ( its _m surprises is ! mann] ( ! pauses3 ! movem5t is s fa/1 ! pauses are s electrically abrupt1 & ! gr\p 9 :i* ! danc]s hold !mselves /atue-l ?r\gh a c\ple ( measures is s sudd5ly =m$1 t a layman's ef=t to und]/& ! transition w\ld be l try+ to analyze ! movem5ts ( ! p>ticles 9 a kaleidoscope4' ,! ,jotas ( ! o!r prov9ces1 p>ticul>ly ( ,&alusia & ,val5cia1 are less racial ?an la ,jota ,aragonesa1 b nev]!less !y are true to ! _s ( _! localities4 ,?us ! ,&alusian ,jota brea!s my/]y & romantic gloom1 :ile t ( ,val5cia is fluid & graceful 9 e movem5t4 ,! great viol9i/ ,s>asate 0 s fond ( ! ,jota t he made special trips aft] 8 conc]t season 9 ! capitals ( ! _w to 8 home t[n 9 ,spa91 & imm5sely enjoy$ danc+ ) 8 old fri5ds & ! t[nspeople or play+ ! viol9 to !m free ( *>ge4 ,an extremely graceful & dignifi$ ,spani% folk-dance is ! ,bol]o4 ,?is dance m ?an any o!r resembles ! g5]al ar*itectonic & decorative /yle ( ! ,spani% middle class4 ,x has r\nd & fluid l9es1 ri*1 s(t =ms1 & graceful poses4 ,9 _m respects x r sugge/s a m$ival ballroom ?an a simple folk-dance4 ,"s au?ors say t x is an inv5tion ( ,seba/ian ,c]ezo1 a celebrat$ danc] ( ! eighte5? c5tury1 b ! ,spani>ds !mselves ma9ta9 t x dates back to ! ,arab rule or be=e4 ,blasis writes ( x3 #8,! ,bol]o consi/s ( five p>ts3 ! paseo1 or prom5ade1 :i* is introductory2 ! diff]5cia1 9 :i* ! /ep is *ang$2 ! trav]sia1 9 :i* places are *ang$2 !n ! s-call$ f9ale2 foll[$ 9 conclusion by ! bi5 p>ado1 di/+ui%$ by graceful attitudes1 & a comb9$ pose ( bo? ! danc]s4 ,! ,bol]o is g5]ally 9 duple "t1 ?\gh "s ,bol]os are writt5 9 triple "t4 ,its music is v>i$ & ab\nds 9 cad5ces4 ,! tune or air may *ange1 b ! peculi> rhy?m mu/ be pres]v$1 z well z ! "t & ! preludes1 o!rwise kn[n z feign$ pauses--fe9tes pauses4 ,! ,bol]o /ep is l[ & glid+1 battu or c\p1 b always well m>k$4' ,a folk-dance ( great antiquity1 accord+ to ,fu5tes1 is ! ,seguidilla1 :i* has c]ta9 aff9ities ) ! ,bol]o4 ,x is a spirit$1 gay & mode/ c\ntry dance ( ! ,&alusian peasants4 ,! ,seguidillas ( "s prov9ces h a rapid rhy?m & are accompani$ by humor\s recitative songs4 ,x is said t 9 ,la ,man*a1 ^: inhabitants are fam\s = _! passionate love ( danc+1 v]ses to ,seguidillas are improvis$ by popul> poets to suit e occasion4 ,! ,seguidillas are dances t y see p]=m$ on any occasion at c\ntry inns & at social fe/ivals4 ,?\gh requir+ less physical /r5g? & dynamic te*nique ?an _m o!rs1 nev]!less ! ,seguidilla is difficult to untra9$ aspirants4 ,b l mo/ ( ! ,spani% folk-dances x betrays caprice1 coquetti%ness & romantic t5d5cies ( "s sort4 ,! !me ( ! ,seguidilla poems is always love4 ,davilli] says t ! ,seguidilla t he saw at ,albacetex #8began 9 a m9or key ) "s rapid arpeggios2 & ea* danc] *ose 8 p>tn]1 ! v>i\s c\ples fac+ ea* o!r "s ?ree or f\r paces ap>t4 ,pres5tly1 two or ?ree emphatic *ords indicat$ to ! s+]s t _! turn _h come1 & !y sang ! fir/ v]se ( ! copla 7! song t accompanies a dance72 mean:ile ! danc]s1 toes po9t$ & arms r\nd$1 wait$ = _! signal4 ,! s+]s paus$1 & ! guit>i/ began ! air ( an old ,seguidilla4 ,at ! f\r? b> ! ca/aets /ruck 91 ! s+]s cont9u$ _! copla1 & all ! danc]s began en?usia/ically turn+1 return+1 foll[+ & flee+ f ea* o!r4 ,at ! n9? b>1 :i* indicates ! f9i% ( ! fir/ "p1 !re 0 a slight pause2 ! danc]s /ood motionless & ! guit> twang$ on4 ,!n1 ) a *ange ( /ep1 ! second "p began1 ea* danc] tak+ 8 orig9al place aga94 ,x 0 !n we 7 able to judge ( ! mo/ int]e/+ & graceful "p ( ! dance--! bi5 p>ado--lit]ally3 well /opp$4 ,! bi5 p>ado 9 ! ,seguidillas is ! abrupt break+ (f ( "o figure to make way = a new "o4 ,x is a v important po9t t ! danc]s %\ld /& motionless1 &1 z x 71 petrifi$1 9 ! position 9 :i* !y are surpris$ by ! f9al notes ( ! air4 ,^? :o manag$ to d ?is gracefully 7 applaud$ ) repeat$ cries ( bi5 p>ado6 #8,su* are ! classic l9es ^u :i* ! dance is regulat$1 b h[ %all we describe its effect ^u ! danc]s8 ,! ard5t melody1 at once voluptu\s & melan*oly1 ! rapid clank ( ca/aets1 ! melt+ en?usiasm ( ! danc]s1 ! suppliant looks & ge/ures ( _! p>tn]s1 ! languor\s grace & elegance ( ! impassion$ movem5ts--all give to ! picture an irresi/ible attraction only to be appreciat$ to ! full by ,spani>ds4 ,!y alone h ! qualities necess>y = ! p]=mance ( _! national dance2 !y alone h ! special fire t inspires its movem5ts ) passion & ) life4' ,notewor?y among ! o!r ,spani% folk-dances is ,el ,jaleo1 a wild & animat$ dance1 consi/+ ( acrobatic leap+ & b\nd+1 pir\et :eel+ & fury-l flee+ & ru%+4 ,x ne$s a /rong & exp]i5c$ gypsy girl or a season$ c\ntry danc] to give x its peculi> electrify+ quality4 ,el ,g>rot9 is describ$ z a pantomimic dance1 9 :i* ! ge/ure ( ! h&s & arms plays a lead+ rle4 ,! ,k9neys write t ,la ,f>ruca is an int]e/+ folk-dance4 #8,aft] "o becomes accu/om$ to x suffici5tly to be able to dom9ate "o's own delight & a/oni%m5t1 "o may look at x z a /udy ( contra/s4 ,n[ ! p]=m]s advance ) undulation s sl[1 s subtle t ! ,s>ac5ic coquetry ( liquid arms & fel9e body is less se5 ?an felt4 ,my/]y ( movem5t envelops _! bodies l twilight4 ,( ?is p]haps eight measures1 :5--cra%6 ,pre/issimo6 ,l gatl+-fire ! volley ( heel-tapp+4 ,! movem5ts h become ! eye-baffl+ d>t+ ( swall[s4 ,no prep>ation = ! *ange1 no cresc5do nor accel]&o2 9 ! matt] ( abruptness "o is rem9d$ ( "s ( ! effects famili> 9 ! play+ ( ,hung>ian or*e/ras4' ,! ,ca*u*a1 ,tasc>a & ,zorongo are ,spani% folk-dances ( m or less local color4 ,:ile ! ,zorongo is a rapid dance1 p]=m$ 9 backw>ds & =w>ds movem5ts1 ! danc] beat+ "t ) 8 h&s1 ! ,ca*u*a is danc$ by a s+le danc] ( ei!r sex1 9 triple "t4 ,its /eps are gay1 graceful & impassionate1 head & bu/ play+ a conspicu\s rle4 ,! ,tasc>a dance is m fanta/ic & symbolic ?an h>dly any o!r ( ,spa94 ,! movem5ts are sl[ & languor\s4 ,x requires m backw>d curv+ & /range pos+ ?an agility & grace4 ,9 old5 times ,tasc>a 0 imag9$ z a dragon ) an enorm\s m\? & fanta/ic w+s4 ,! sl[ movem5ts ( ! dance gr[ gradually 9 spe$ & ne> ! end ! ca/aets /rike1 = )\t !m a ,spani% danc] seems to feel uneasy4 ,! *oreographic designs ( all ! ,spani% folk-dances are ri* 9 graceful curves1 ) abrupt %>p corn]s "h & !re1 l ! national ar*itecture4 ,!y speak ( a sweet gl[ ( emotion & make a direct appeal to ! passions4 ,9 dances ( c]ta9 prov9ces & c]ta9 ages we disc]n ! influ5ce ( ,egypt1 p>ticul>ly ( ! ,arabs4 ,!y give evid5ce ( an anci5t tra9+ :i* has gr[n into ! blood & bones ( ! nation4 ,!y betray m ! =ms ( ,moori% arabesques ?an ! cle>-cut images ( ! ,roman1 ,greek1 or ,go?ic /yle4 ,y c feel 9 _! vigor\s rhy?m & colorful tunes simple1 unspoil$ s\ls1 fill$ ) en]gy & hope4 ,to ?is ! picturesque & romantic dresses ( _! wom5 add t atmosph]e & backgr\nd :i* ! individual /age dance seeks 9 prop] sc5]y & co/umes4 ,9 ?is ! ,spani>ds are born ma/]s4 ,take1 = in/ance1 ! black velvet bodice1 gold5-yell[ sat9 skirt1 net-"w dott$ ) little black balls1 drap$ ov] ! hips ( an ,&alusian belle1 & y h a comb9ation ( colors & designs t s aptly fit a ,f&ango or ,bol]o t x seems z if a g5ius _h be5 at "w 9 ?is h>moni\s comb9ation4 ,n less effective are ! silv]-spangl$ co/ume ( an ,aragonian danc+ girl1 & ! co/ume ( ,spani% male danc]s1 :i* is sugge/ive ( humor1 brilliancy & simple /r5g?4 ,! lac$ black bree*es la%$ at ! knee1 ! black velvety wai/-coat1 broad blue sa%1 & ! r$ h&k]*ief ti$ ar\nd ! head1 & y h ! mo/ h>moni\s c\nt]p>t to ! picturesque woman danc]4 ,! music1 /eps1 ge/ures1 poses1 dress & *oreographic figures ( ! dance melt into a gr&iose ma/]piece ( "s gigantic yet unkn[n g5ius4 ,! colors1 ! wide skirt1 ! light s&als1 ! com=table co/umes & ! animat$ ge/ures fit s p]fectly toge!r & produce 9 ! symbolic l9es ( ! movem5t a language t speaks s cle>ly ( ! /hetic peculi>ities ( ! nation t we are conv9c$ we h "h ! be/ lesson 9 ! fundam5tal pr9ciples ( a new art dance4 ,,ii ,h[ true a mirror ! folk-dances & ! folk-songs h be5 & are 9 %[+ ! racial diff]5ces 9 reg>d to beauty1 is be/ to be se5 if we take ! read] f semi-tropical ,spa9 into cold1 conv5tional ,engl&1 :]e /hetic views h develop$ s diff]5tly4 ,9 ?is field we owe mu* to ,cecil ,%>p1 ^: c>eful works on ,engli% folk-dances are ( exceptional s]vice to ! /ud5t ( *oreography4 ,! mo/ typical ( ,engli% folk-dances are ! ,morris ,dances1 ! ,c\ntry ,dances1 & ! ,sword ,dances4 ,all ?ree lack ! fire & boi/]\s passions ( ! ,spani% ,jotas1 ,bol]os & ,f&angos4 ,!y betray ! traits ( a m phlegmatic & m critical1 p]haps m intellectual1 b less emotional race4 ,take1 = in/ance1 ! ,morris ,dance1 & y f9d x to be a manife/ation ( vigor r ?an ( grace4 ,! same y w f9d true ( all ! o!r ,engli% folk-dances4 ,!y are1 9 _s1 ! organiz$1 traditional expressions ( virility & s\nd heal?--!y smack ( cudgel-play1 ( wre/l+ & ( hone/ fi/icuffs4 ,!re is no?+ dreamy1 no?+ romantic1 no?+ coquetti% ab\t !m4 ,speak+ p>ticul>ly ( ! ,morris ,dance1 ,mr4 ,%>p writes3 #8,x is a =mula bas$ ^u & aris+ out ( ! life ( man1 z x is liv$ by m5 :o hold mu* speculation ^u ! my/]y ( our :5ce & :i!r to be unpr(itable2 by m5 ( meagre fancy1 b ( great k9dness to ! weak2 by m5 :o fight _! qu>rels on ! spot ) nak$ h&s1 dr9k toge!r :5 ! fight is done1 & =get x1 or1 if !y rememb]1 !n ! memory is a fri5dly "o4 ,x is ! dance ( folk :o are sl[ to ang]1 b ( great ob/9acy--=?right ( act & spee*2 to wat* x 9 its ?ump+ /urd9ess is to hold su* ?+s z poni>ds & /ilettos1 ! swordsman ) ! dom9o1 ! man :o /abs 9 ! back--z unimag9able ?+s4 ,! ,morris ,dance is a p]fect expression 9 rhy?m & movem5t ( ! ,engli% "*4' ,! ,morris danc]s we> bells /rapp$ to _! %9s1 & prop]ly to r+ !m requires consid]able kick+ & /amp+4 ,?is r++ is done to emphasize ! =tissimo "p ( ! music4 ,! foot1 :5 lift$1 is nev] drawn back1 b always ?ru/ =w>d4 ,! toe is nev] po9t$ 9 l9e ) ! leg1 b held at a "r angle to x1 z 9 ! /&+ position4 ,! /epp+ foot is lift$ z 9 walk+1 z if to /ep =w>d1 !n ! leg is vigor\sly /raight5$ to a kick1 s z to make ! bells r+4 ,at ! same in/ant t ! =w>d leg is /raight5$1 a hop is made on ! re> foot2 ! danc] alights ^u ! toe1 b lets ! heel foll[ imm$iately & firmly1 s t he /&s ^u ! flat foot4 ,! danc] jumps z high z 8 own foot1 hold+ 8 legs & body /raight :ile he is 9 ! air1 alight+ ^u ! toes 7b only s z to break ! %ock suffici5tly71 !n lett+ ! heels come firmly d[n4 ,9 alight+ f ! jump1 ! knees are b5t j en\gh to save ! danc] f injuri\s %ock1 & are /raight5$ imm$iately4 ,! ,morris ,dance is danc$ by m51 usually six4 ,occasionally1 b r>ely1 wom5 h figur$ z p]=m]s4 ,! music 9 e>ly times 0 furni%$ by ! bagpipe1 :i/le & tabor2 b = a c5tury or s a fiddle did ! s]vice4 ,! dress ( ! danc]s 0 a tall hat ) a b& ( r$1 gre5 & :ite ribbons1 an elaborately frill$ & pleat$ :ite %irt1 fawn-%ad$ bree*es ) braces ( :ite webb+1 blue tie ) ! ends long & loose1 sub/antial boots1 & r\gh1 gray wool /ock+s4 ,all danc]s c>ry a :ite h&k]*ief1 ! middle f+] ?ru/ ?r\gh a hole 9 "o corn]4 ,( some:at diff]5t type is ! ,c\ntry ,dance1 :i* is p]=m$ by m5 & wom5 toge!r4 ,?\gh less ( a fe/ival nature ?an ! ,morris1 ! ,c\ntry ,dance has be5 practis$ z ! ord9>y1 e-day dance ( ! p4 ,x is p]=m$ 9 c\ples & conta9s ge/ures t sugge/ flirtation4 ,= ?is no special dress is ne$$4 ,! figures & /eps are simple & m graceful ?an ^? ( ! ,morris ,dance4 ,its /ep is ( a spr+y walk+ nature1 two to ea* b>1 execut$ by wom5 ) a natural unaffect$ grace1 & on ! "p ( m5 ) a complac5t be>+ & a c]ta9 jaunt9ess ( mann]4 ,l ! ,morris1 ! ,c\ntry ,dance nev] requires po9t$ toes1 ar*$ legs or affect$ sway+s4 ,! galop1 waltz & polka /eps are occasionally us$4 ,! movem5ts are p]=m$ smoo?ly & quietly1 ! feet m slid+ ?an walk+4 ,! figures are num]\s & involve _m repetitions4 ,( a v spectacul> "* are ! ,sword ,dances1 :i* be> a /amp ( high antiquity4 ,dur+ ! my?ologic era !y may h be5 practis$ z w> dances1 z we f9d simil> ones practis$ by all primitive tribes4 ,! hi/ory ( all nations speaks ( sword dances ( "s k9d4 ,!re is to be se5 9 ! ,b]l9 ,museum a picture f ! sev5te5? c5tury t %[s two d\ble r+s ( danc]s 9 :ite %irts1 hold+ up on a frame ( int]lac$ swords two swordsm5 clad entirely 9 colors4 ,!re are also1 sep>ately1 sev5 sword-danc]s1 six 9 :ite %irts1 ! fir/ only clo!d 9 r$1 l "o ( ! swordsm54 ,!y dance 9 file t[>d ! left1 ea* slop+ 8 own sword back ov] 8 left %\ld] & grasp+ ! sword-po9t ( ! m5 next 9 front ( him4 ,! la/ man only %\ld]s 8 sword4 ,9 ,engl& !re seem to h be5 six pr9cipal sword dances1 ?ree long & ?ree %ort4 ,! long-sword dance ( ,york%ire requires six m5 danc]s1 ! ,capta91 & ! ,fool4 ,^! are accompani$ by a musician :o plays ei!r a fiddle1 bagpipe or accordion4 ,! danc]s we> r$ tunics1 cut soldi] fa%ion & trimm$ ) :ite braid d[n ! front & ar\nd ! coll> & sleeves2 :ite tr\s]s ) a r$ /ripe an in* or m wide d[n ! side ( ea* leg2 br[n canvas %oes1 & tightly fitt+ cricket caps1 qu>t]$ 9 r$ & :ite4 ,ea* danc] c>ries a sword2 ! lead]1 an ord9>y milit>y weapon1 & ! o!rs swords =g$ by a village blacksmi?4 ,! ,capta9 we>s a blue coat ( fl[]$ clo?1 ord9>y tr\s]s & a peak$ cap ( :ite flannel4 ,he us$ to c>ry a drum1 slung r\nd 8 wai/1 ^u :i* he accompani$ ! dance tunes4 ,! ,fool us$ to we> a cock$ hat1 decorat$ ) peacock fea!rs4 ,he wore a d9n]-bell & a fox's tail atta*$ to ! back buckle ( 8 tr\s]s1 & he us$ to run among ! spectators mak+ humor\s exclamations4 ,! /eps1 a k9d ( leisurely tramp1 or jog-trot1 fall on ! fir/ & middle beats ( ea* b> ( ! music1 & ! tramp ( ! feet %\ld syn*ronize ) ! rhy?m ( ! tune4 ,! danc]s move sl[ly r\nd 9 a r+1 clockwise1 /epp+ 9 "t ) ! music & cla%+ _! swords toge!r on ! fir/ & middle beats ( ea* b> ( ! fir/ /ra9 ( ! music4 ,! swords are held po9ts up1 hilts level ) ! *91 ! blades ne>ly v]tical1 =m+ a cone imm$iately above ! c5tre ( ! circle4 ,ea* danc] places 8 sword ov] 8 left %\ld] & grasps ! sword-po9t belong+ to ! danc] 9 front ( him4 ,he !n faces ! c5tre ( ! r+1 passes 8 sword ov] 8 head & lets 8 arms fall naturally to 8 sides4 ,! dance consi/s ( eight diff]5t figures4 ,9 ! la/ figure ! danc]s draw close toge!r1 l9k$ by _! swords1 ea* cross+ 8 "r h& well ov] 8 head4 ,ea* man !n drops ! tip ( 8 neighbor's sword &1 us+ bo? 8 h&s1 presses ! hilt ( 8 own sword "u ! po9t ( ! sword adjac5t to x4 ,9 ?is way ! swords are tightly me%$ toge!r 9 ! =m ( a d\ble triangle1 or six-po9t$ />4 ,! process ( fa/5+ ! swords toge!r is c>ri$ out z quickly & sm>tly z possible4 ,! writ] saw a s]ies ( ,engli% folk-dances giv5 at ! ,mac,dowell ,fe/ival at ,pet]boro1 ,n4 ,h41 9 #aiad1 among !m ! sword-dance describ$4 ,! p]=mance 0 exce$+ly effective1 ?\gh ! in/ructor _h only inexp]i5c$ "y amateurs at 8 disposal4 ,! "* ( ! ,engli% folk-dances made r ! impression ( a :olesome sport ?an ( a social c]emonial4 ,x seem$ z if !y 7 void ( all emotional sugge/ions & _! language 0 clev] & reali/ic r ?an fanciful & imag9ative4 ,?\gh ( ! same ord] z ! previ\sly describ$ ,morris1 ,c\ntry & ,sword ,dances1 yet ( a m fanta/ic appe>ance is ! ,horn ,dance1 :i* ! ,engli% h borr[$ f ! ,f9ns1 & greatly *ang$ aft] _! own ta/e4 ,! ,engli% ,horn ,dance requires t5 p]=m]s1 six danc]s1 a fool1 ,maid ,m>ian1 a hobby-horse1 & a boy c>ry+ a b[ & arr[4 ,^! are accompani$ by a musician1 :o plays an accordion1 & a boy ) a triangle4 ,ea* danc] c>ries a pair ( re9de] horns4 ,! antl]s borne by ! fir/ ?ree danc]s are pa9t$ a :ite or cream color1 ! rema9+ ?ree a d>k blue4 ,! horns are set 9 a wood5 c\nt]feit skull1 f :i* dep5ds a %ort wood5 pole or h&le ab\t eighte5 in*es long4 ,ea* danc] be>s ! head 9 front ( him1 & supports x by grasp+ ! h&le ) 8 "r h& & balanc+ ! horn ) 8 left4 ,! fool has a /ick ) a bladd] atta*$ to x2 ,maid ,m>ian is imp]sonat$ by a man dress$ 9 woman's clo!s & c>ries a wood5 ladle :i* is us$ to collect money4 ,! boy holds a b[ & arr[ :i* he clicks toge!r 9 "t ) ! music4 ,! /ep is simil> to ! c\ntry dance /ep1 an easy1 rhy?mical1 graceful & spr+y walk+ movem5t4 ,,iii ,! ,scot* folk-dances1 :i* surpass ! ,engli% by _! m rigor\s movem5t & spirit$ /eps1 picture graphically ! simple1 indu/ri\s traits ( a ?rifty race4 ,! mo/ *>act]i/ic ( ! ,scot* folk-dances are ! ,highl& ,fl+1 ! ,scot* ,reel1 & ! ,%ean ,treuse4 ,all ! ,scot* dances are m or less v>iants ( ! previ\sly describ$ ,engli% ones4 ,!y h ! same /rong1 sporty rhy?m & jaunty be>+ z ! o!rs4 ,_! *oreographic figures are s closely relat$ to ! ,engli%1 & ! ,engli% to !irs1 t x 7 sup]flu\s to give a detail$ description ( !m on ?is occasion4 ,p]haps ! ,scot* ,reel %[s mo/ typical traits ( ! ,scotti% race4 ,?is dance requires f\r ladies & f\r g5tlem51 :o all jo9 h&s1 =m+ a circle4 ,!n ! g5tlem5 & ladies cross _! h&s & move eight /eps =w>d & eight /eps back 9 ! /yle ( a prom5ade4 ,! g5tleman balances 8 p>tn]1 sw++ 8 "r & left arms alt]nately & proce$s ?r\gh ! *a91 ! ladies sep>at+ left1 ! g5tlem5 "r1 until all arrive at _! previ\s positions4 ,! fir/ lady goes into ! c5tre ( ! r+ :ile o!rs hop ar\nd h] until !y rea* _! orig9al position1 aft] :i* ! lady 9 ! c5tre balances to h] p>tn] & back to ! opposite g5tleman 9 a half-sw+1 =m+ occasionally a *a9 ( ?ree4 ,?us x goes on until all ! f\r ladies h done1 aft] :i* ! g5tlem5 foll[ ! same figures & /eps4 ,all _! /eps are ( a %>p1 skipp+ nature & ! l9es ( _! poses rem9d "o ( ! designs on _! *eck$ decorations & on ! patt]ns ( _! bright & pla9 dresses4 ,notewor?y among ! ,scot* folk-dances is ! ,hornpipe1 :i* has be5 a favor$ dance ( ! sailors & peasants4 ,its lively1 rapid measure1 s f> z ! feet are conc]n$1 ! fold$ arms1 ! firm & /iff body are typical *>act]i/ics ( a ,scot*man's mann]s4 ,! dance owes its "n to ! fact t x is p]=m$ to ! music ( a pipe ) a horn rim at ! op5 end4 ,!re are an inf9ite v>iety ( ,hornpipes & ( music to :i* !y c be danc$1 ei!r 9 common or triple "t1 ! f9al note hav+ a special /ress laid on x4 ,( some:at diff]5t "* ?an ! ,engli% & ,scot* folk-dances are ^? ( ,irel&4 ,! ,iri% ,jig enjoys a popul>ity ?r\gh\t ! _w4 ,already ! "n sugge/s a light1 frolick+ & airy movem5t4 ,s9ce ! days ( ,*>les ,,ii & ,que5 ,anne1 ?is dance has be5 associat$ ) humor\s v]ses4 ,! ,jigs 7 already 9 vogue at ! "t ( ,%akespe>e1 :o speaks ( !m z lead+ pieces 9 ! !atrical rep]toires4 ,a danc+ or s++ ,jig 0 ! real climax ( a piece1 (t5 be+ giv5 z an ent]ta9m5t dur+ ! int]missions4 ,audi5ces 7 accu/om$ to call = a ,jig z a happy end+ to a %[4 ,! ,iri% p1 possess+ a natural love = music & danc+1 h put _! s\l into ! ,jig4 ,x mirrors be/ ! semi-s5tim5tal1 ! semi-adv5tur\s racial traits ( an ,iri%man4 ,!re are s+le & d\ble ,jigs2 ! di/9ction re/s on ! numb] ( beats 9 ! b> & !y h (t5 en\gh be5 danc$ to ! /ra9s ( ! bagpipe4 ,z a rule1 ! foot %\ld /rike six times to a b>1 & x ne$s a c]ta9 am\nt ( en?usiasm to get into ! _s ( ! ?+1 ! music !re( be+ mo/ exhil>at+4 ,x adds to ! *>m if ! danc]s appe> z ,paddy 9 a br[n coat1 gre5 bree*es1 & ! s(t hat ) ! pipe 9 x1 & 8 p>tn] 9 em]ald gre5 /ock+s & skirt1 ) a r$ k]*ief ab\t h] head4 ,! music ( a ,jig is usually an old ,iri% ditty1 & any?+ m spirit$ or m 9 tune to ! /ep c\ld n be f\nd4 ,! fir/ sixte5 b>s ( ! dance are occupi$ ) ! pit* 9 :i* ! leg is ?r[n out4 ,sixte5 b>s are giv5 to ! toe & heel /ep4 ,?irty-two b>s are occupi$ ) ! diagonal cock-/ep1 suppos$ to repres5t ! /rutt+ ( a cock4 ,sixte5 b>s are danc$ to a rock+-/ep1 9 :i* ! legs are cross$4 ,eight b>s are giv5 to po9t+2 sixte5 to /amp+ firmly ) bo? feet1 !n ! danc]s advance & pivot4 ,f9ally1 sixte5 b>s are giv5 to a r\nd & r\nd movem5t4 ,x requires a great deal ( h& movem5t & body vivacity4 ,x has be5 said by c]ta9 ,iri%m5 t a ,jig is 9 its app>5t fun & fury a %ort symbolic drama ( ,iri% life4 ,! fir/ figures mean love mak+1 woo+1 w$d+ & m>riage4 ,!n come ! tr\bles ( m>ri$ life1 ! rep5tance & s9k+ into ! grave4 ,to old ,iri%1 ,scot* & ,engli% folk-dances belong ! #8,all 9 a ,g>d5 ,gre51' #8,buck+ham ,h\se1' #8,d>gason1' #8,he>tsease1' & #8,oranges & ,lemons4' ,!y are all graceful & dignifi$1 b depict m ! ,engli% middle class or nobility ?an ! p4 ,?us 9 ! #8,all 9 a ,g>d5 ,gre5' ! man beg9s by %ak+ ! h& ( 8 lady p>tn] & kiss+ h] twice1 :i* 0 r ! cu/om ( ! fa%ionable ballroom ?an ( a puritan p4 ,!y all give ! impression ( a ref9em5t ( mann]s t belongs m to ! e>ly ,fr5* social dances ?an to ! folk-dances ( a heavy & reali/ic race4 ,we "k h[ ! ,engli% high society & c\rt imitat$ ! ,fr5* 9 ! sev5te5? & eighte5? c5turies1 s x is only natural t x accept$ ) c]ta9 modifications ! ,fr5* social dances4 ,,iv ,x seems l a p>adox t a c\ntry :i* gave to ! _w ! classic ballet 9 ! mod]n s5se1 ,nov]re1 ,blasis & ,ve/ris1 nev] produc$ any folk-dances ( su* racial flavor z we f9d 9 _m o!r nations4 ,! old ,fr5* ,ru/ic ,dances1 #8,r\nds1' ,b\rres1 ! ,breton ,dances1 & ! ,f>&ole1 betray only 9 c]ta9 figures ! *>act]i/ics ( ! ,fr5* race2 o!rwise !y make ! impression ( a pleas+ & poli%$ b\rgeois art4 ,! ,ronde1 consid]$ z ! fir/ =m ( ,fr5* folk-dances1 be+ p]=m$ 9 circles by tak+ ea* o!r by ! h&1 is to be f\nd among races l ! ,f9ns1 ,e/honians1 ,letts & ,li?uanians1 z we read f ! old epics ( ^! nations4 ,?us we read 9 ! ,kalewipoeg t r+ dances--r+i tants--( elev5?-c5tury ,e/honians 7 practically ( ! same ord] z ! ,fr5* ,rondes4 ,! ,greeks _h #8,r\nds1' s _h o!r anci5t civiliz$ races4 ,an old ,fr5* dance is ! ,b\rre ( ,auv]gne4 ,x is said to be a %eph]d dance orig9ally2 b ,ca!r9e de ,m$ici introduc$ x at c\rt & poli%$ out all ! heavy1 simple & *>act]i/ic traits ( ! p4 ,f t "t x has figur$ z a semi-fa%ionable dance danc$ 9 ! society4 ,ba*1 ,gluck1 ,h&el1 & _m o!rs s9ce h ei!r compos$ ,b\rres or treat$ ,b\rre !mes 9 _! or*e/ral compositions4 ,orig9ally ! ,b\rre 0 a simple mimic dance ( ! peasants4 ,! woman mov$ r\nd ! man z if to tease him4 ,he advanc$ & return$1 glanc$ at h] & ignor$ h]4 ,9 ! mean:ile %e cont9u$ h] flirt+4 ,!n ! man snapp$ 8 f+]1 /amp$ 8 foot & gave an expression ( 8 mascul9ity4 ,t induc$ h] to yield1 & ! dance /opp$--only to beg9 anew4 ,l ! ,b\rre1 ! ,f>&ole1 :i* orig9at$ 9 ,s\!rn ,france1 0 concoct$ into a dance ( ! ,beaux ,monde & depriv$ ( its racial language4 ,! ,f>&ole t "o sees danc$ 9 ,prov5ce is only a pretty social dance & has little ( ! old flavor4 ,! danc]s p]=m+ x /& 9 a long l9e1 hold+ ! ends ( ea* o!r's h&k]*iefs & w9d+ rapidly "u ea* o!r's arms or gyrat+ ar\nd a s+le c\ple 9 a long spiral4 ,! mod]n #8,cotillions' & #8,quadrilles' are bas$ on ! old ,fr5* ,f>&ole4 ,x is likely t ! idoliz$ ,fr5* ballet kill$ ! int]e/ ( ! p 9 _! simple & idyllic folk-dances4 ,! peasant go+ to ! t[n felt ! contempt t a patrician _h = ! c\ntry art & naturally grew to dislike 8 traditional old-fa%ion$ village dance4 ,! music t he he>d 9 ! city cafs ca/ its spell ^u him1 z did ! city dances4 ,urban ideals h be5 ( great influ5ce ^u ! ,fr5* c\ntry p1 ^u _! traditional folk-dances & folk-songs1 & ?is has depriv$ ! race ( valuable e?nographic res]ve capital1 9 :i* _m o!r nations excel4 ,! ,fr5*1 l ! ,engli%1 h be5 /rong 9 cosmic t5d5cies b weak 9 e?nic4 ,:ile sci5ce gr[s out ( ! cosmic pr9ciples1 art's vigor lies 9 ^? ( e?nographic nature4 ,an av]age ,fr5*man is a great connoisseur ( danc+ & indulges 9 x ) a p>ticul> pleasure4 ,b 8 love ( ! ref9$ & mo/ accompli%$ impressions puts him naturally outside a simple & co>se peasant art4 ,! ,italian is less pret5ti\s 9 8 ta/e ?an ! =m]4 ,b an av]age ,italian1 reg>dless ( :e!r he be a peasant f ! mo/ seclud$ corn] ( ! c\ntry or a citiz5 ( ,naples1 lives & dies 9 music1 p>ticul>ly 9 song4 ,! pr$ilection t a ,fr5*man %[s = ! ballet trans=ms itself 9 ! case ( an ,italian into a love = ! op]a4 ,italy has produc$ great compos]s1 great musicians & s+]s1 b only a few great danc]s4 ,an ,italian danc] is ei!r acrobatic or blunt4 ,%e seems to lack ! m subtle qualities ( pla/ic expression1 ! ability to speak 9 ge/ures & mimic =ms4 ,?is is be/ illu/rat$ 9 ! celebrat$ folk-dance1 ! ,t>antella4 ,! ,t>antella owes its "n to a great poison\s spid]1 ^: bite 0 suppos$ to be cur$ only by danc+ to ! po9t ( exhau/ion4 ,! ,italians p]=m x to ! music ( a tamb\r9e1 :i* 9 ! h&s ( an exp]t gives an amaz+ v>iety ( tones4 ,l ! skirt1 apron & ! head-dress ( ! danc+ girl1 ! tamb\r9e is adorn$ ) gl>+ r$1 :ite & gre5 color$ ribbons4 ,! :ite "u-bodice ( ! ,italian peasant dress is capable ( any am\nt ( embroid]y1 ! hair int]twi/$ & int]plait$ ) ribbons1 ! aprons int]wov5 ) colors1 &1 in/ead ( ! usual squ>e head-dress1 ) its h>d oblong bo>d re/+ on ! head1 a sc>f is gracefully fold$ ov] ! f\ndation & caught back ) bright ribbons2 ?is is ! special ,t>antella dress ( a girl4 ,! ,italian co/umes1 bo? anci5t & mod]n1 are full ( grace & beauty & give ! appropriate atmosph]e to a dance4 ,! ,t>antella1 be+ a tragic dance1 dem&s consid]able temp]am5t1 fire & dramatic gift4 ,x beg9s ) ! danc]s salut+ ea* o!r1 & danc+ a :ile timidly4 ,!n !y )draw1 return1 /ret* out _! arms & :irl vehem5tly 9 a giddy circle4 ,x has _m surpris+ & acrobatic turns4 ,t[>ds ! middle ! p>tn]s turn _! backs on ea* o!r 9 ord] to take up new figures4 ,x ends ) a tragic1 :irl+ collapse ( ! girl & ! man look+ sadly on4 ,x is typical ( hy/]ic fury1 rev5ge1 sup]/ition1 hatr$1 fanaticism1 passion & agony4 ,x speaks ( a quick & sangu9e temp]am5t4 ,an ,engli%man1 ,sc&9avian or ,dut*man c\ld nev] dance a ,t>antella4 ,x is ! dance ( a temp]am5tal race4 ,l ! anci5t ,romans1 ! ,italians are fond ( pantomimes & spectacul> effects1 ) little discrim9ation = poetry & poise4 ,we c see ! same traits 9 ! ,italian ballet1 :i* has an outspok5 t5d5cy to ! acrobatic4 ,all ! ,italian ballet tea*]s 9 ,russia are kept !re only = _! acrobatic specialties4 ,y f9d 9 ,italy ev]y:]e s++ p>ties1 b comp>atively little danc+4 ,"s prov9ces may be m incl9$ to danc+ ?an ^? ar\nd ,naples & ,rome4 ,we h he>d ( a pretty dance1 call$ ,trescona1 t ! p dance 9 ,flor5ce1 b we h nev] se5 x p]=m$4 ,o!r ,italian folk-dances are ! ,la ,siciliana1 ,salt>ello1 ,rugg]a & ,=lana4 ,"s ( !m are m graceful & less dramatic ?an ! ,t>antella1 b !y h comp>atively little racial vigor1 little orig9al appeal4 ,!y are ei!r pantomimic or imbu$ ) gymna/ic tricks1 & ) a /rong t5d5cy t[>ds ! extravagant or ! grotesque4 ,h[ev]1 ! ,t>antella is & rema9s ! cr[n ( ,italian folk-dances4 ,h[ mu* x has impress$ ! ,italian & =eign compos]s is evid5t 9 ! num]\s compositions t !y h devot$ to ?is !me4 ,rub9/e9's #8,t>antella' is "o ( ! be/4 ,v ,we f9d a rem>kable contra/ to ! ,italian /yle & _s 9 ! folk-dances ( ! ,hung>ians1 ^: popul> !mes h be5 successfully employ$ by ,liszt & ,brahms 9 _! in/rum5tal & or*e/ral compositions4 ,a nation ( ,mongolian desc5t1 ( impassionate & virile temp]am5t1 liv+ its own life1 isolat$ f ! /hetic influ5ce ( _! ,european neighbors1 little conv5tional1 optimi/ic1 fanta/ic & lov]s ( adv5ture1 ! ,hung>ians are born danc]s4 ,true to ! quick & fi]y temp]am5t ( ! race1 ! ,hung>ian dances are vivid sket*es1 full ( action & color4 ,music & danc+ h be5 = c5turies pa/ ! =emo/ recreations ( ! race4 ,_! anci5t leg5ds speak ( wor%ip t consi/$ only ( music & danc+4 ,unlike o!r nations1 _! dance music is exce$+ly pretty1 melodi\s & full ( imag9>y beauty4 ,! ,hung>ian folk-dance is expressive1 ri* 9 pictorial episodes1 symbolic & elevat+4 ,! ,hung>ian co/ume = a ,cz>das is s+ul>ly effective1 ! petticoat ( clo? ( gold1 ! r$ velvet bodice op5+ ov] a /oma*] ( gold & preci\s /ones1 crimson & gre5 bl5d+ 9 ! sa% :i* surr\nds ! wai/4 ,x is said t ! "n ,cz>das is d]iv$ f an inn :]e x 0 danc$ by ! peasants 9 pa/ c5turies4 ,9 e ,cz>das ! music gov]ns ! dance1 :i* is romantic1 full ( lyric beauty & v *angeable4 ,x is mo/ly writt5 9 #b_/d "t1 9 ! major mode4 ,! dance consi/s ( a sl[ & quick movem5t1 ! music beg9n+ ) &ante mae/eso1 *ang+ gradually to allegro vivace4 ,x is ( anci5t orig9 & 0 probably us$ z a wor%ip dance4 ,x is danc$ to diff]5t tunes ( "o & ! same "*1 z f> z ! figures are conc]n$4 ,six1 eight1 t51 or m c\ples place !mselves 9 a circle1 ! danc] pass+ 8 arm r\nd ! wai/ ( 8 p>tn]4 ,z long z ! &ante movem5t is giv51 he turns 8 p>tn] to ! "r & left1 clapp+ 8 spurr$ heels toge!r & /rik+ ! gr\nd ) 8 toe & heel1 & !n !y cont9ue ! /ep z a r\nd dance4 ,9 "s prov9ces ! wom5 put _! h&s on _! p>tn]s' %\ld]s & jump high f ! gr\nd ) _! assi/ance4 ,s fond is ! ,hung>ian ( 8 ,cz>das t1 z soon z he he>s ! /irr+ tunes ( ! dance play$ by a gypsy b& or fiddl]1 x seems to electrify him s t he c h>dly li/5 to x )\t danc+4 ,z ! music cont9ues1 ! dance gets wild] & wild] until x ends abruptly4 ,! /eps ( ! ,hung>ian folk-dances are z v>i$ z ! music4 ,n[ !y are glid+ & %>p1 !n aga9 graceful & curv$4 ,"s ( ! dances are quiet & ( s$uctive nature1 o!rs ( involv$ /eps & tricky tempo4 ,! ,szolo is said to be a semi-acrobatic dance1 9 :i* ! woman is swung ?r\gh ! air 9 a horizontal position f :i* %e desc5ds z if %e 7 com+ d[n f a flight4 ,! ,v]bunkes is a dance ( milit>y "*1 p]=m$ mo/ly by m5 7t5 or twelve71 ea* danc] be+ provid$ ) a bottle ( w9e :i* he sw+s z he dances1 s++ 9 betwe5 a patriotic song z an additional accompanim5t to ! occasional gypsy b&4 ,unlike ! ,engli% folk-dances1 ! ,hung>ian are mo/ly built ^u "s romantic !me1 ei!r leg5d>y or symbolic4 ,be+ a nation ) rural traditions & rural ideas1 ,hung>y has no sport _s 9 any ( h] folk-dances4 ,!re is a /rong feel+ = ,bohemianism & nomadic ab&on 9 _! mute language4 ,mo/ly ! ,hung>ian dances are gay1 sp>kl+ ) life & fantasy4 ,!y sugge/ ,ori5tal designs mix$ ) ,occid5talism1 a _w ( que] dreams & s5tim5talism4 ,folk-dances relat$ to ^? ( ,hung>y1 t des]ve to be kn[n1 are ! ,e/honian ,kuljak1 ,ka>a ,jaan1 & ,ri/i ,tants4 ,desc5dants f ! same /ock z ! ,hung>ians & ! ,f9ns1 ! ,e/honians settl$ d[n 9 ! ,russian ,baltic ,prov9ces ab\t ! sev5? or eigh? c5turies & s9ce t "t h =m$ _! indep5d5t racial art & traditions1 :i* !y h cultivat$ & pres]v$ till to-day4 ,! great ,e/honian epic ,kalewipoeg1 kn[n s little to ! outside _w1 rema9s1 l ,hom]'s ,iliad1 & ! ,indian ,mahab>ata1 a valuable treasury ( e?nographic art1 & x is f ?is book t we h ga9$ an au!ntic k ( ! "* ( ! ,e/honian folk-dances1 ?\gh ! writ] has se5 "s ( !m p]=m$ 9 ! c\ntry4 ,! ,kuljak1 l _m o!r ,e/honian folk-dances1 is p]=m$ to ! accompanim5t ( a h>p--kannel--& ! s++ voices ( ! danc]s !mselves4 ,x is danc$ by m5 & wom5 alike1 9 a simil> =mation z ! ,iri% ,jig4 ,b ! ,kuljak tempo is v simil> to t ( ! ,cz>das1 ) ! exception ( ! latt]'s tune & ! =mation ( ! figures4 ,l ! national co/umes ( ! ,e/honians1 _! folk-art is m sombre & poetic ?an ! ,hung>ian1 b less romantic & less fi]y4 ,! ,kuljak /eps are %>p1 angul> & timid1 )\t t boi/]\s & jaunty expression :i* is s conspicu\sly evid5t 9 ! dances ( ! s\!rn nations4 ,! peculi>ity ( ! ,kuljak is t x is p]=m$ ar\nd a bonfire or kettle fill$ ) burn+ sub/ance4 ,sometimes ! danc]s circle r\nd ! fire hold+ ea* o!r's h&s1 sometimes !y g 9 glid+ prom5ade /ep1 sometimes !y dance s+ly1 z if *all5g+ or fe>+ ! crack+ & high-leap+ flame4 ,!re is no d\bt t ?is is a r>e survival ( ! anci5t sacrificial temple dance4 ,! leg5d>y & my?ologic elem5t is ! unique peculi>ity ( ! ,e/honian folk-dances4 ,! ,ri/i-,tants--#8,cross ,dance'--:i* is p]=m$ by m5 & wom51 fir/1 9 cross+ ! h&s1 !n 9 mak+ ! cross designs ) ! /eps1 is ( great antiquity & _m ( its cabali/ic figures are incompreh5sible to ! mod]n m9d4 ,l ! designs ( ! ,e/honian national dress1 ! figures ( _! primitive & simple folk-dances h a t5d5cy ( nev]-end+ l9es4 ,! colors1 :ite1 black & r$--! symbols ( r$ blood1 :ite light & black e>?--sugge/ dreamy1 melan*oly1 b det]m9$ traits ( a semi-,ori5tal race4 ,dance "h is n a sport1 n an amusem5t1 n a m$ium ( love-mak+1 n a social function1 b a magic motion to influ5ce ! great p[]s ( ,nature1 & a semi-my?ologic c]emony = ! purpose ( future joy & happ9ess4 ,on ?is occasion ! /hetic elem5t is int]wov5 ) ! e?ical1 ! art is at ! same "t religion4 ,,vi ,! ,g]man m9d has n be5 /rik+ly orig9al or racial 9 folk-dances4 ,x has tak5 m an ab/ract & purely musical direction & paid little att5tion to ! dance4 ,if we leave out ! dances ( ! ,bav>ians1 ,saxons & ,tyroleans1 !re is little t is ( any e?nographic int]e/ 9 ?is respect4 ,! ,prussian ,fackeltanz belongs m to ! elaborate pantomimes ( ! ord] ( anci5t ,rome1 r ?an to regul> dances4 ,! m$ival ,g]many t 0 rul$ politically & ecclesia/ically f ,rome nev] felt ! influ5ce ( ! rural c\ntry p1 b1 on ! contr>y1 0 mo/ly "u ! /hetic & intellectual influ5ce ( ! feudal b>ons & urban middle class4 ,"u ! influ5ce ( ^! two classes1 ,g]man music1 poetry1 drama & lit]ature came into exi/5ce4 ,! ,g]man classic art is pr$om9antly ari/ocratic & ecclesia/ic4 ,! e>ly ,g]man arti/s 7 con/ra9$ to ga!r 9 ! ari/ocratic salons ( ! ri* patricians4 ,! peasant 0 r>ely a model ( e>ly ,g]man arti/s1 b a ,g]man ,freih]r1 ,brg] or ,h&w]k] has be5 ! subject ( _m ,g]man dramas1 op]as & musical compositions1 & ( mu* pa9t+1 sculpture & danc+4 ,wilhelm ,ang]/e9 tells u 9 8 int]e/+ book ,volk/nze 9 deuts*5 ,mittelalt] t already 9 #acjj !re exi/$ ,g]man guild dances--,zunfttnze--su* z ! ,mess]tanz 7#8knife dance'7 9 ,nrnb]g1 ,s*afft]tanz 7#8coop]'s dance'7 9 ,muni*1 etc4 ,besides ^! !re 7 ! ari/ocratic ,s*reittnze & ,s*leiftnze4 ,! ,drehtanz1 out ( :i* orig9at$ ! lat] ,walz]1 0 an ari/ocratic & patrician1 b nev] a truly rural folk-dance4 ,!re is no "q t ! ,g]man p has always be5 int]e/$ 9 danc+1 a fact :i* is be/ illu/rat$ 9 ! frequ5t outbur/s ( m$ival ,tanzwu?--#8dance craze'--t affect$ ! population ( v>i\s cities4 ,^! ph5om5a became occasionally s ?reat5+ to ! public morality t 9 #ajbd ! ,bi%op ,bur*>d von ,worms issu$ a special decree putt+ danc+ "u ! ban ( ! *ur*4 ,9 #abcg ov] two ?\s& *ildr5 left ,erfurt1 danc+4 ,9 #adah an epidemic rage = danc+ manife/$ itself 9 ,/rassburg4 ,! well-kn[n ,veit/anz--,/4 ,vitus' dance--orig9at$ 9 m$ival ,g]many & spread itself all ov] ! _w4 ,! ,s*uhplatteltanz ( ,bav>ia is a real folk-dance & conta9s 9 its gay & grotesque figures *>act]i/ic spiritual traits ( ! ,tyrolean peasants4 ,mo/ ( ! tunes ( ! ,s*uhplatteltnze are gay1 joyful & bubbl+ ) m\nta9\s brilliancy1 z is ! dance4 ,?\gh play$ 9 ! waltz-rhy?m1 ! dance is by no means a waltz1 b a pretty1 qua9t little ballet ( ! p4 ,!re are "s six to eight diff]5t figures 9 ! dance z "o c be/ see x p]=m$ 9 "s villages ne> ,innsbruck4 ,x is danc$ by a man & girl1 & beg9s ) a graceful1 sl[ prom5ade ( ! c\ple4 ,!n %e />ts to flirt ) him by sp9n+ coquetti%ly r\nd & r\nd until he is en*ant$ & puts 8 h& gracefully r\nd h] wai/4 ,n[ !y dance toge!r a:ile1 seem+ly 9 love4 ,b sudd5ly %e seems to h *ang$ h] m9d & tries to turn him d[n4 ,! dance is full ( buoyant joy & clev] mimic expressions4 ,x gives ! impression ( a heal?y m\nta9 race1 optimi/ic1 simple & humor\s4 ,?\gh occasionally r\gh1 !re are passages ( sweet & s5tim5tal grace :i* convey ! impression ( an old-fa%ion$ ,m9uet4 ,! ,s*moll] is a *>act]i/ic dance ( ! ,saxonian peasants1 9 :i* ! man nev] rea*es 8 h& to ! lady1 ?\gh !y p]=m ! f\r or five movem5ts 9 ! rhy?m ( ! ,mazurka ) consid]able turn+ & /amp+ ! heels4 ,a qua9t old dance is ! ,sieb5sprung ( ,s*wab5 :i* is danc$ to ! accompanim5t ( a song ) humor\s v]ses4 ,! ,taub5tanz ( ! ,black ,=e/ region is a v graceful & simple dance ) di/9ct mazurka /eps1 9 :i* ! g5tleman rea*es only 8 "r h& to ! lady4 ,! ,zwlfmonat/anz ( ,wurtemb]g is a semi-social dance1 :i* is p]=m$ by twelve c\ples4 ,! ,fackeltanz has be5 = c5turies a c]emonial display ( ,prussian nobility & ! c\rt4 ,! foll[+ is a %ort acc\nt1 f ! ,fig>o1 ( a ,tor* ,dance z x 0 p]=m$ at ! m>riage ( ! si/] ( ,kais] ,wilhelm ,,ii3 #8,twelve y\?ful pages1 pretty & da9ty z ! pages ( op]a1 sl[ly ent]$ by a side door "u ! direction ( ! *amb]la9s4 ,!y c>ri$ tor*-hold]s 9 wr\ght silv]1 conta9+ ?ick :ite wax-c&les1 :i* !y h&$ to ! twelve m9i/]s4 ,! m>%al rais$ 8 bton1 ! or*e/ra f ! gall]y opposite ! emp]or sl[ly began a tuneful ,polonaise4 ,! bride & bridegroom plac$ !mselves aft] ! m9i/]s1 :o made ! t\r ( ! room1 ! *amb]la9 complet$ ! cortge1 :i* /opp$ be=e ! emp]or4 ,! bride made a slight curtsey1 ! emp]or rose & (f]$ 8 arm1 ! cortge aga9 pass$ 9 procession ar\nd ! room4 ,on return+1 ! bride invit$ ! empress & made ! t\r ) h]4 ,!n ! twelve pages approa*$ & took ! tor*es aga94 ,! dance cont9u$4 ,! c]emony might h be5 monoton\s b = ! inf9ite v>iety & ri*ness ( ! co/umes & uni=ms1 & ! livel9ess ( ! music4 ,! twelve pages 7 q delici\s & m>*$ ) all ! en?usiasm ( y\?4' ,! ,g]man ,rhe9lnd] & ! ,walz] are bo? dances ( ! middle class & ! city4 ,:e!r !y ev] 7 danc$ z folk-dances by ! ,g]man peasants1 we d n "k4 ,!y probably orig9at$ 9 ! m$ival guild circles & spread gradually ov] ! c\ntry4 ,! ,waltz1 z we "k x to-day1 orig9at$ 9 ! eighte5? c5tury 9 ,g]many1 ?\gh ! ,fr5* claim t x is a developm5t ( ,volte1 :i* orig9ally 0 an old folk-dance ( ,prov5ce4 ,! ,volte 0 9 vogue 9 ,france 9 ! sixte5? c5tury4 ,ca/il-,blaze writes t #8! waltz :i* we aga9 took f ! ,g]mans 9 #agie _h be5 a ,fr5* dance = f\r hundr$ ye>s4' ,! ,g]man waltz orig9at$ f ! widespread folk-song1 #8,a* du lieb] ,augu/96' :i* dates back to ! middle ( ! eighte5? c5tury4 ,g>del introduc$ x fir/ 9 8 ballet ,la ,dansomanie 9 #agic 9 ,p>is4 ,b ! real vogue = ! waltz began aft] ! ,cz> ,alex&] ! ,fir/ danc$ x at 8 c\rt ball 9 #ahaf4 ,until ! masses began to imitate ! nobility x 0 a #8high society' dance & su* x rema9$ fully half a c5tury1 if n long]4 ,! waltz is writt5 9 #c_/d rhy?m & 9 eight-b> phrases4 ,x has a glid+ /ep 9 :i* ! movem5ts ( ! knees play a conspicu\s rle4 ,ea* c\ntry develop$ its p>ticul> /yle ( waltz4 ,! ,g]mans & ,fr5* treat$ x z a da9ty & graceful c\rt%ip play4 ,9 ,sc&9avia x grew m heavy & !atrical4 ,9 ! ,engli% waltz ! danc]s walk$ up & d[n ! room1 occasionally break+ into ! /ep & !n pu%+ ! p>tn] backw>d along ! room4 ,! ,g]man rule 0 t ! danc]s %\ld be able to waltz equally well 9 all directions1 pivot+ & cross+ ! feet :5 necess>y 9 ! rev]se turn b ! feet %\ld nev] leave ! floor4 ,waldteufel & ,johann ,/rauss may be consid]$ z ! ma/]-compos]s ( ! waltz z a social dance4 ,,vii ,z elaborate z ! ,f9ni% folk music is 9 racial color & l9e1 ! ,f9ns h few int]e/+ & orig9al folk-dances4 ,dr4 ,ilm>i ,krohn has hundr$s ( ,f9ni% folk-dance tunes1 b !y reveal musical r ?an *oreographic vigor4 ,a l>ge numb] ( graceful ,f9ni% folk-dances are imitations ( ! ,sw$i% or ,norwegian /yle4 ,9 _! own dances ! figures & /eps are heavy1 languor\s & compact z ! rocky semi-arctic nature4 ,l ! ,f9ni% sculpture1 ! ,f9ni% folk-dance has a t5d5cy to ! my/]i\s1 grotesque & unusual l9e4 ,"s ( _! folk-dances are z d>+ & unusual z ! ,f9ni% ar*itectural =ms4 ,y f9d 9 ! ,f9ni% ar*itecture t /raight l9es are brok5 up 9 ! mo/ extraord9>y mann]1 project+ gables1 turrets & w9d[s are us$ to avoid ! monotony ( gray1 expansive & flat walls4 ,x falls into no category ( kn[n /yles4 ,l fanta/ically gr[n rocks1 x compels y\r att5tion4 ,!re is some?+ disproportionate yet fasc9at+ 9 ! ,f9ni% /yle & folk-dance4 ,! mo/ racial ( ! ,f9ni% folk-dances are n ! pleas+ village ,melkatu/a & o!r types ( ?is k9d1 b ! #8,devil's ,dance1' ,paim5soitaja 7#8,%eph]d ,tune'71 ,hempua1 ,hailii & ,kaakuria4 ,l ! ,f9ni% ,rune1 ,f9ni% danc+ %[s an unusual t5d5cy to ! magical1 ! my/ic & ! fanta/ic 9 emotions & ideas4 ,x is less ! graceful & quick1 fi]y /yle t appeals to a ,f9n ?an heavy1 rugg$ & compact beauty4 ,! #8,devil's ,dance' is weird1 c]emonial & my/ical4 ,x is p]=m$ by a s+le woman inside ( a r+ ( spectators1 :o are *ant+ to h] a rhy?mic & allit]ative hymn ( my?ologic mean+4 ,! h&s are cross$ on ! brea/ & take no "p ( any k9d 9 ! display1 :ile !re are slight mimic *anges to convey ! m subtle mean+ ( ! p]=mance4 ,l ! o!r nor!rn races1 ! ,f9ns make _! danc+ a function ( ! body & ! legs4 ,! ,f9ns dance to ! music ( a h>p--kantele--horn--s>wi--& to ! s++ voices4 ,x is nev] ! danc] :o s+s1 b ! spectators or special s+]s4 ,m picturesque & graceful ?an ! ,f9ni% are ! ,sw$i%1 ,norwegian & ,dani% folk-dances4 ,grieg1 ,sv5ds51 ,gade1 ,h>tmann & ! mod]n ,sc&9avian compos]s h made successful use ( ! old folk-!mes = _! individual or*e/ral compositions4 ,?\gh simple 9 /ep1 ! ,sc&9avian folk-dances are complicat$ 9 figure1 lively & gay 9 mann]1 & ri* 9 pantomime4 ,!y seem to h a /rong pr$ilection to squ>e figures & %>p l9es4 ,! ,sw$i% danc]s are fond ( arabesques1 m9uet grace & da9ty poses4 ,! ,norwegian dance is m rugg$ & imag9>y1 ! ,dani% & ,sw$i% m ref9$ & delicate4 ,:ile ! ,norwegian is a naturally gift$ s+]1 ! ,sw$e is a born danc]4 ,!re is a /rong feel+ 9 ,sw$5 = reviv+ _! old ,skralat1 ,vafva ,vadna1 & o!r old national dances4 ,! latt] is a weav] dance & imitates ! action ( ! loom4 ,! girl1 repres5t+ ! movem5ts ( ! %uttle1 fla%es back & =? ?r\gh ! l9es ( o!r p]=m]s1 :o are imitat+ ! /ret*$ ?reads4 ,x is a clev] piece ( folk-art %[+ ! vivid & quick temp]am5t ( ! race4 ,!re are q a few su* symbolic c\ntry dances 9 ,sw$51 ( :i* ! h>ve/ dances take ! fir/ place4 ,! ,daldans & ,v+ak]sdans are pantomimic dances ( humor\s "*1 bo? !mes deal+ ) ! social-sexual relations 9 a r satirical way4 ,9 ! latt] two wom5 are endeavor+ to ga9 ! affection ( a man4 ,! favor$ "o seats h]self a mom5t on ! man's knee & f9i%es ! numb] by waltz+ ) him1 :ile ! o!r bites h] nails ) vexation4 ,9 ,sw$51 z 9 ,france1 ! sexual elem5ts play a conspicu\s rle 9 ! folk-dance & r5d] x sweetly graceful1 s$uctive & s5su\s by turns4 ,! ,danes1 be+ a race ( indu/ry & agriculture f ! e>lie/ times on1 h foll[$ ! lead ( ,norway 9 e?nographic matt]s1 b ( ,p>is & ,vi5na 9 arti/ic mann]s4 ,:ile !y h develop$ ! national art ( ! ballet to a high degree1 _! folk-dances h impress$ me m by _! cosmopolitan & imitative nature ?an by any orig9al & racial traits !y may h4 ,!re are c]ta9 pla/ic traits1 c]ta9 s(t nuances 9 ! ,dani% mimicry1 t speak ( some?+ racial1 yet !y melt 9 s mu* ) ! univ]sal art t x is h>d to analyze ! national elem5ts4 ,:e!r ! #8,corkscrew' is a ,norwegian1 ,dani% or ,sw$i% folk-dance1 we h be5 unable to le>n1 b x is a *>m+ piece ( folk-art4 ,9 ?is ! c\ples =m 9 two l9es4 ,! top c\ple jo9 h&s1 g d[n ! middle & up aga91 & turn ea* o!r by ! "r arm once2 !n ! g5tleman turns ! next lady1 ! lady ! next g5tleman1 !n ea* o!r aga9 to ! end1 :5 ! o!r c\ples kneel & clap _! h&s2 & ! fir/ c\ple1 jo9+ h&s1 dance up "o l9e & d[n ! o!r1 ! lady inside4 ,!n foll[s ! corkscrew3 all jo9 h&s out/ret*$ ) _! vis--vis1 ! lead+ c\ple ?read _! way 9 & out ( ! o!r c\ples1 ! ladies back+1 tak+ ! lead1 & !n ! g5tlem54 ,all h&s are rais$ :5 !y rea* ! bottom1 &1 pass+ "u ! ar*way ?us =m$1 !y give place to ! next c\ple4 ,! ,dut* _h previ\sly _m *>act]i/ic & racial folk-dances1 z _! great pa9t]s h h&$ d[n to u 9 _! num]\s works1 b !y h mo/ly di$ out4 ,a ,dut* folk-dance1 ) ! p]=m]s dress$ 9 long brocad$ g[ns & close-fitt+ caps ( ! same mat]ial1 ! face fram$ ) small roses edg+ ! cap1 makes a mo/ qua9t & *>m+ impression4 ,! be/ kn[n ( ! ,dut* folk-dances is ! ,egg ,dance1 :i* 0 giv5 ) eggs b5ea? ! feet4 ,ano!r v effective dance1 ?\gh slightly co>se 9 conception1 is _! ,sailor's ,dance4 ,! latt] is danc$ by a c\ple 9 wood5-%oes1 man & woman ) _! backs to ea* o!r & faces turn$ away4 ,! dance has "s eight figures & only at ! end ( ea* figure ! danc]s turn swiftly ar\nd to get a glimpse ( ea* o!r1 & turn back 9 ! orig9al position4 ,if well execut$ ?is is an exce$+ly humor\s dance4 ,,viii ,! ,li?uanians _h 9 old5 times snake dances & dances some:at relat$ to ! leg5d>y & my/ic !mes ( ! ,am]ican ,indians4 ,ev5 9 ! folk-dances ( ! mod]n ,li?uanians !re are elem5ts to be f\nd t %[ relation to ! anci5t ,am]ican tribes4 ,an av]age ,li?uanian folk-dance1 z kn[n & danc$ to-day is simple b pretty1 & is ei!r mix$ ) ,byzant9e or ) ,romanesque designs4 ,b ! leg5d>y ideas /ill prevail1 ev5 9 ! picturesque w$d+ dances4 ,! ,poli% folk-dances1 ! ,polonaise1 ,mazurka1 ,krakoviak1 & ,ob]tass1 contribute _! quota ( orig9ality4 ,! ,krakoviak is a circul> dance ) s++ int]sp]s$2 lively graceful poses1 s(t delicate l9es & glid+ /eps make x look l a ref9$ salon dance ( m$ival nobility4 ,! ,polonaise & ,mazurka h spread z social dances 9 num]\s v>iations ?r\gh\t ! _w4 ,*op9 us$ ! !mes ( _m ,poli% folk-dances = 8 individual compositions1 z !y are exce$+ly sweet1 romantic1 & delicate 9 _! melodic /ructure4 ,! ,ob]tass is a real gymna/ic p]=mance ) occasional polka-/eps & wild turns4 ,x is danc$ by a c\ple ) su* velocity t[>ds ! end t ! woman mu/ hold /rongly to ! %\ld]s ( h] p>tn] 9 ord] to keep f reel+ (f t[>ds ! spectators4 ,delicate1 temp]am5tal1 ) occasional traits ( melan*oly & s(tly graceful l9e1 ! ,poli% folk-dances are *>act]i/ic ( ! racial s\l4 ,9 _m respects ! ,poles resemble ! ,fr5* 9 racial qualities4 ,! debonair mann]s ( ! ,fr5*1 _! t5d5cy t[>d romantic emotions1 are to be notic$ 9 ! ,poli% national dance4 ,! qualities give x an air ( seem+ ref9em5t & make x a di/9ct social amusem5t1 & no?+ else4 ,! ,bohemian1 ,ru!nian1 ,s]vian & ,bulg>ian folk-dances are ea* typical ( _! race4 ,a t5d5cy ( mo/ ( ! ,slavic folk-dances is t ! two sexes %\ld m+le z little z possible4 ,m5 & wom5 jo9 h&s 9 c]ta9 figures1 emphasiz+ ! dramatic mean+ ( ! dance1 o!rwise !y rema9 sep>at$4 ,!y r>ely dance 9 c\ples z ! o!r ,european races d4 ,!y make prom5ades1 m>* or gallop2 !y leap & b\nd 9 su* a mann] t ! woman faces ! man b r>ely t\*es him4 ,! woman's movem5ts are di/9ctly fem99e1 ! man's mascul9e4 ,! ,slav feels t ! mix+ ( ! sexes1 or ! putt+ ( woman on ! same plane ) man1 is detrim5tal to ! /hetic emotions1 p>ticul>ly to ! romantic feel+s4 ,! ,romaika & ,kolla are bo? picturesque circle dances ( ! ,s\!rn ,slavs4 ,9 ! latt] ! man does n take ! h& ( ! woman next to him1 b passes 8 arm "u h]s to clasp ! h& ( h] neighbor4 ,! :ole r+ circles r\nd 9 skipp+ /ep to ! accompanim5ts ( melan*oly songs4 ,! wom5 are adorn$ ) glass beads1 huge g[ns1 artificial fl[]s & false jewelry ( ! mo/ fanta/ic colors4 ,! m5 we> ri*ly embroid]$ bright-color$ %irts & wide tr\s]s4 ,sometimes a special woman danc] ent]s ! r+ & executes a dramatic pantomime1 reflect+ someh[ a local affair4 ,on o!r occasions man & woman g ?r\gh a vivid pantomimic p]=mance 9 ! circle1 :ile ! re/ circle ar\nd !m s++4 ,! ,r\manians h a /range folk-dance call$ ! ,hora :i* is p]=m$ by ! y\? 9 langui%+ cad5ce to ! long drawn notes ( ! bagpipes4 ,?is consi/s ( a prelude & a real dance4 ,at fir/1 ! danc]s advance to ! left five /eps1 /amp+ ! gr\nd & /opp+ sudd5ly1 aft] :i* !y repeat ! same motions = a few times4 ,( ?is ,m4 ,lancelot writes3 #8,gradually ! m&ol9s /rike 9 to enliv5 ! solemn /ra91 & seem desir\s to hurry x1 emitt+ two or ?ree sonor\s notes1 b no?+ moves ! play] ( ! bagpipes2 he p]sev]es 9 8 indol5t rhy?m4 ,at la/ a *all5g+ phrase is ?rice repeat$2 ! danc]s accompany x by /amp+ ?rice on ! gr\nd1 & look+ back at ! girls gr\p$ beh9d !m4 ,! latt] hesitate2 !y look at ea* o!r1 z if consult+ toge!r2 !n !y jo9 h&s & =m a second circle r\nd ! fir/4 ,ano!r call1 m imp]i\s /ill1 is s\nd$1 !y break f ea* o!r1 & m+le 9 ! r\nd ( "y m54 #8,at ?is mom5t ! old gypsy op5s 8 ke5 little eyes1 %[+ 8 %>p :ite tee? 9 a sudd5 smile1 %ak+ out a %[] ( joy\s1 hurri$ notes ov] ! b&1 he expresses by means ( an agitat$ h>mony ! t5d] ?rill t mu/ be pass+ ?r\gh all ! clasp$ h&s4 ,! ,hora prop] n[ beg9s4 ,x la/s a long "t1 b reta9s ?r\gh\t ! "* ( languor t *>act]iz$ its comm5cem5t4 ,its monotony is v>i$1 h[ev]1 by a pretty bit ( pantomime4 ,aft] danc+ r\nd ) arms ext5d$1 ! m5 & _! p>tn]s turn & face ea* o!r 9 ! middle ( ! circle !y h be5 describ+4 ,?is circle !y r$uce by mak+ a few /eps =w>d2 !n1 :5 _! %\ld]s are almo/ t\*+1 !y b5d _! heads "u _! uplift$ arms1 & look into ea* o!r's eyes4 ,?is figure loses some?+ ( its effect f ! frequ5cy ) :i* x is repeat$2 & ! cold placidity ) :i* ! danc]s alt]nately gaze at _! "r-h& & left-h& neighbors is disappo9t+1 & robs ! pantomime ( its classic aroma4' ,,ix ,( ,ori5tal flavor are ! ,arm5ian folk-dances1 :i* ! writ] saw _m ye>s ago p]=m$ by ,arm5ian /ud5ts to ! music ( a que] m&ol9-l in/rum5t & ! rhy?mic beats ( ! drum play$ by ! danc] ) 8 f+]s4 ,?is drum gives a regi/] ( six or sev5 diff]5t tones & adds its peculi> effect to ! :ole4 ,x seems t mo/ ( ! ,arm5ian dances are execut$ by a s+le danc]1 ei!r man or woman1 9 b5t1 erect1 ar*$ & twi/$ positions1 (t5 /&+ on a s+le spot = m9utes4 ,?\gh languor\s & weird1 !y possess a grace ( _! own4 ,9 no o!r c\ntry h ! folk-dances rea*$ su* a v>iety ( =ms1 su* a high degree ( developm5t & an individuality s di/9ctly racial & ri* 9 dramatic & imag9>y poses1 /eps1 ge/ures & mimic expressions z 9 ,russia4 ,9 ! ,russian dances we c trace ! elem5ts ( all ! hundr$s ( anci5t & mod]n tribes & nationalities :o h be5 molt5 9 "o homog5e\s mass ( p1 a _w 9 itself4 ,"h ! ,ori5t & ,occid5t h f\nd a unit$ =m = _! /hetic expressions1 ) no relation to ^? ( ! ,we/-,european nations4 ,! ,russian dances1 l ! c\ntry itself1 are a mixture ( contra/s & extremes3 melan*oly & yet gay1 simple & ev5 sweet2 gha/ly yet fasc9at+ & s$uctive2 my/]i\s & yet op5 z ! prairies ( its own b\ndless /eppes2 old & yet "y4 ,all ^! contra/s & contradictions may be f\nd reflect$ 9 ! ess5tials ( ! ,russian folk-dance4 ,l ! semi-,ori5tal /yle ( ar*itecture1 n[ curv$ & gloomy1 !n sudd5ly /raight & dazzl+ly brilliant1 occasionally biz>re & fanta/ic1 b /rongly incl9$ to ! romantic & ! my/ic =ms1 are ! innum]able figures & /eps ( ! ,russian dances4 ,9 ,russia m ?an 9 any o!r c\ntry ! sexual div]sity 9 ! /yle ( ! /eps1 poses & mimic display is subject$ to a mo/ c>eful consid]ation4 ,! woman is nei!r equal nor inf]ior to ! man4 ,%e occupies h] dignifi$ position 9 ! slighte/ move1 by rema9+ m subtle1 t5d] & passively fasc9at+1 :ile ! man's rle (t5 is extravagantly mascul9e1 sometimes ev5 r\gh4 ,no ,russian dance puts ! two sexes on ! same level /hetically & dramatically4 ,! c\ple dance is an unkn[n1 or at be/ a r crude1 conception to a ,russian4 ,up to ?is "t no "o has yet made a ?or\gh /udy ( all ! ,russian folk-dances1 z ea* prov9ce & di/rict has its p>ticul> traditions & dances4 ,! ,volga region1 hav+ once be5 inhabit$ by ,bulg>ian & ,t>t> tribes1 has a m nomadic & adv5tur\s dance /yle ?an ! dreamy peasants ( ,ko/roma & ,nijny ,novgorod4 ,! dances ( ! ,little ,russians are m joyful & humor\s ?an ^? ( m nor!rn regions1 b !y are also less elaborate & less dramatic4 ,! dances ( ! prov9ces ( ,novgorod & ,psk(f possess an unusual t5d5cy t[>ds ! leg5d>y & t[>ds free =ms ( pla/ic expression1 z if mean+ to express tales ( a gold5 age 9 ! pa/ :5 !y _h a republican =m ( gov]nm5t & a democratic evolution4 ,! dances ( ! ,caucasian & ,crimean regions are outspok5ly romantic & epic1 ^? ( ,sib]ia tragic & h]oic4 ,fundam5tally1 ! ,russian folk-dances c be divid$ into f\r diff]5t gr\ps3 ! ballad dances1 or ,*orovody2 ! romantic dances ( ! ,kam>i5skaya type2 ! dramatic dances ( ! ,kasat*y type2 ! bac*analian dances ( ! ,trepak type2 & ! unlimit$ numb] ( humor\s1 gay1 amus+ & ent]ta9+ c\ntry dances--! s-call$ ,pliasovaya--( purely local flavor4 ,besides ^! !re are ! hi/oric ballad dances1 su* z #8,ivan ! ,t]rible'1 #8,ilia ,murometz1' & o!rs4 ,! ,cossack dance1 ,lesg9ka1 ! ,kait]ma1 ! ,pol[etsi dances1 ! ,vanka1 & o!rs ( ?is k9d1 are dances ( a r local "*1 ?\gh !y h spread all ov] ! c\ntry4 ,! olde/ & mo/ v>i$ ( ,russian folk-dances are ! ,*orovody1 or ! ballad dances1 p]=m$ only to ! s++ voices ( ! danc]s !mselves4 ,?is is a k9d ( r+ dance l ! old ,fr5* ,r\nd4 ,9 "s dances ! m5 rea* _! h&s to ! girls1 9 o!rs !y t\* ea* o!r ) _! elb[s only1 z ! girls keep _! h&s on _! hips1 :ile ! m5 cross !m on _! brea/4 ,! real dance is p]=m$ inside ! r+1 usually by a girl1 :o sometimes has a man p>tn]2 ?is dance may be pantomimic1 humor\s or full ( wilde/ joy & agility4 ,! writ] has witness$ "s ,*orovody :i* 7 p]=m$ ) su* skill & f9esse ( pla/ic pose & mimic art z to leave _m ballet celebrities f> 9 ! backgr\nd4 ,! ,russian folk-danc] employs e in* ( 8 body1 8 h&s1 legs1 toes1 heels1 hips1 %\ld]s1 head & ! mimic art s ma/]fully & correctly t y mu/ (t5 m>vel 8 born tal5t & lively int]e/ 9 danc+4 ,h[ev]1 9 all folk-dances ! wom5 seem to play ! lead+ rle1 ! m5 m]ely support+ !m ) ! contra/$ figures4 ,! ,*orovody 7 us$ by ! m$ival ,boy>s 9 a m ref9$ & poetic /yle = _! social functions & ! ent]ta9m5t ( _! gue/s4 ,lat] !y 7 introduc$ to ! c\rt & f9ally !y 7 employ$ 9 ! ,russian ballets & op]as4 ,ivan ! ,t]rible 0 fond ( ,*orovody dances & (t5 danc$ !m himself1 z did also o!r ,russian rul]s4 ,! ari/ocratic ,*orovody1 h[ev]1 grew m /ately & artificial & lo/ _! racial fre%ness4 ,ca!r9e ! ,great s5t h] *amb]la9s to e prov9ce to invite ! be/ folk-danc]s to come to ! c\rt1 :i* !y did4 ,all dances ( ?is type are picturesque1 romantic1 poetic & re/ra9$ 9 _! expression4 ,an entirely diff]5t dance is ! ,kasat*y1 danc$ by a man & a woman at ! same "t4 ,?is is m a man's ?an a woman's dance4 ,he selects 8 p>tn] & proce$s to execute a s]ies ( s$uctive motions ar\nd h]1 :ile %e demurely hangs h] head1 refus+ = a :ile to be s$uc$ by 8 allurem5ts4 ,at l5g? %e ?aws & beg9s to sway 9 h>mony ) 8 manly b graceful movem5t4 ,n[ !y b5d & b[ toge!r1 & sw]ve f side to side1 ! :ile p]=m+ a multitude ( ge/ures depict+ timidity & emb>rassm5t1 till f9ally f %y1 half-te>ful expression ( love & flirt+ glances !y proce$ ) gay eyes expressive ( ! mo/ burn+ devotion4 ,n[ ! dance waxes fi]ce & fa/1 9 & out !y circle1 turn & twi/1 ev] n[ & !n rev]t+ to t cr\*+ po/ure1 s commonly se5 9 ! ,russian folk-dances4 ,f9ally !y meet 9 close embrace & :irl ) incr$ible rapidity r\nd & r\nd1 till ?or\ghly out ( brea? & dizzy f _! ef=t1 !y s9k exhau/$ on a fri5dly b5*4 ,! ,kam>i5skaya is a bride's dance1 9 :i* ! girl symbolizes all ! imag9>y bliss & happ9ess ( h] future m>ri$ life4 ,9 ! fir/ "p1 :i* consi/s ( a s(t legato1 %e dances dreamily b dramatically1 us+ conspicu\sly e muscle ( h] body & h] arms to express ! imag9$ love motions t %e w p]=m 9 meet+ h] belov$4 ,?us ! pantomime cont9ues on to ! blissful mom5t ( meet+1 :i* %e p]=ms l a :irlw9d1 until1 unexpect$ly /opp+1 %e ends ! dance ) a slightly disappo9t$1 humor\s expression4 ,s9ce our space is limit$1 ! writ] mu/ refra9 f m detail$ & fur!r description ( ! previ\sly m5tion$ types ( ! ,russian folk-dances4 ,he ne$ only repeat t !y surpass by f> ! folk-dances ( all ! re/ ( ! _w1 9 t !y are s mu* m racial1 s ri* 9 pla/ic l9es1 & s p]fect 9 _! arti/ic appeal2 x seems z if a rem>kable g5ius _h presid$ ov] _! inv5tion & execution4 ,!y are ma/]fully orig9al f ! beg9n+ & cont9ually furni% new ideals ( *oreographic beauty4 ,!y draw _! inspiration f "s ri* f\nta9 unkn[n to ! ,occid5tals4 ,!y are too fre%1 vigor\s & alive to be p]v]se4 ,?us hav+ drawn kaleidoscopic sket*es ( ! primitive racial *oreographic impulses ( a numb] ( ! civiliz$ & b>b>ic races1 we c come to ! conclusion t 9 ^! alone are to be f\nd ! s\nd & virile g]ms ( la/+ individual or highly develop$ national art-dance4 ,e?nographic ess5tials are ! next /epp+-/ones to a m develop$ future cosmic *oreography1 & 9 ?is ! folk-dances give ! mo/ eloqu5t elem5t>y lessons4 ,z f a mute conv]sation we le>n f ! e?nic dances 9 :at manifold =ms "o & ! same beauty c manife/ itself to ! human m9d4 ,! e?nic symbols are graphic & true to ! _s ( ! ?+ express$2 = ?is reason a folk-dance1 no matt] h[ co>se1 h[ grotesque & h[ /range x seems1 is yet s9c]e & intelligible to ! op5-he>t$ obs]v]4 ,x always impresses "o z some?+ manly & direct1 s\nd & firm4 ,,*apt] ,,xi ,,! ,,celebrat$ ,,social ,,dances ,,( ,,! ,,pa/ ,! ,pavane & ! ,c\rante2 ! ,allem&e & ! ,s>ab&e2 ! ,m9uet & ! ,gavotte2 ! ,rigaudon & o!r dances4 ,s9ce we h devot$ a *apt] to ! folk-dances1 x w be fitt+ to describe a few ( ! mo/ not$ dances ( ! nobility 9 ord] to complete our comp>ative treatm5t ( su* a va/ subject1 s little sy/ematiz$ & s mu* ignor$4 ,:ile ! g5]al tone ( all ! folk-dances is mascul9e1 t ( all ! social dances seems pr$om9antly effem9ate1 r s(t & delicate4 ,_! exce$+ly graceful pla/ic l9es1 %ad$ movem5ts1 s(t =ms & subtiliz$ ge/ures speak ( gild$ ball-rooms1 silk & p]fume1 affect$ mann]s & ! artificial air ( a ,rococo /yle4 ,x seems z if a woman's m9d _h work$ out _! embroid]$ figures & timid /eps4 ,!y belong$ to no p>ticul> nation1 b to ! ri* class ( all ! _w4 ,! same ,allem&e t 0 danc$ by ! ,fr5* nobility 0 copi$ at ! ca/les ( ! ,g]man b>ons1 ,engli% lords1 ,italian & ,russian c\nts4 ,! olde/ & mo/ c]emonial ( ! ,middle ,ages' social dances 0 ! ,pavane1 ! celebrat$ peacock dance1 9 :i* k+s & pr9ces1 lords & ladies took "p1 ! m5 we>+ gorge\s uni=ms1 ! ladies fl[]y tra9s4 ,x 0 di/+ui%$ by rhy?mic grace1 & by sl[ & /ately measure4 ,! danc]s attempt$ to en%r\d _! v s\ls 9 maje/ic dignity1 gracefully r\nd+ _! arms1 :ile cross+ & recross+1 keep+ _! heads away f ea* o!r4 ,"o big /ep & two small ones accompani$ "o b> ( ! music1 :i* 0 sung by a *orus ( hidd5 s+]s4 ,beg9n+ side by side1 h& 9 h&1 ) a curtsey & b[1 ! c\ple />t$ ) a pas m>* d[n ! floor1 mak+ f\r /eps1 ! cavali] tak+ ! lady's left h&4 ,aft] mak+ a turn ) f\r /eps1 !y danc$ backw>d ) f\r /eps4 ,he took h] "r h& & turn$ ) f\r /eps4 ,?us x w5t on 9 f\r diff]5t movem5ts4 ,! ,pavane 0 a dance = cortges & processions1 & ! lady's tra9s 7 spread out l ! tail ( a peacock4 ,! next mo/ conspicu\s nobility dance 0 ! ,c\rante1 :i* 0 practis$ = ne>ly ?ree c5turies at ! ,european ca/les & c\rts4 ,x 0 a great favorite ( ,l\is ,,xiv1 & no "o else danc$ x s well z he4 ,x 0 danc$ at ! c\rt ( ,*>les ,,ii & ,que5 ,elizabe? 0 fond ( x4 ,! ladies danc$ x 9 %ort s(t velvet skirt2 bodice ) basques & lace b]!s4 ,x _h ?ree movem5ts & />t$ usually ) a deep curtsey1 a spr++ /ep =w>d & back1 bo? arms rais$ & ea* danc] turn+ outw>d4 ,^! movem5ts occupi$ f\r d\ble b>s ( ! music4 ,h&el & ,ba* wrote _m ,c\rantes1 b !y 7 too elaborate & quick1 !re=e !y 7 us$ only by pr(essional danc]s4 ,ba* & ,h&el h also writt5 num]\s ,*aconnes1 :i* 7 dances 9 sl[ triple "t1 ( a /ately "*1 light & graceful4 ,9 ! ,*aconne two or ?ree p c\ld p>ticipate4 ,?is dance 0 said to be ( ,spani% orig91 ?\gh ! ,italians claim t "o ( _! bl9d musicians compos$ x 9 ! sixte5? c5tury4 ,c]vantes writes 9 #8,don ,quixote' t x 0 a mulatto dance = negroes & negresses1 import$ by ! ,fr5*4 ,x is compos$ ( a spr++ & walk+ /ep on ! toes1 at ! end ( :i* ! heels mu/ be s plac$ t ! body is firm4 ,! rhy?m is sl[ & well m>k$4 ,! dance has sev5 diff]5t movem5ts4 ,! f\r? & six? movem5ts are 9 ,mazurka /eps1 ! fif? 9 skat+ /eps & ! la/ 9 b\rre /ep4 ,9 ! ?ird movem5t ! lady turns "u h] p>tn]'s arm4 ,a celebrat$ dance ( m ?an f\r c5turies 0 ! ,allem&e1 9 :i* ! head & arm movem5ts play$ ! =emo/ rle4 ,x _h five movem5ts1 danc$ by any numb] ( c\ples1 plac+ !mselves beh9d ea* o!r4 ,! ,allem&e /ep is ?ree pas m>*s & ! front foot rais$4 ,! lady /&s 9 front ( ! g5tleman & he holds h] left h& ) 8 left & h] "r ) 8 "r h&4 ,= f\r b>s !y g =w>d & pose1 repeat ?is f\r times & turn4 ,! second movem5t has f\r /eps ar\nd1 aft] :i* ! g5tleman turns ! lady ) arms ov] head1 & ! lady turns ! g5tleman4 ,! ?ird movem5t is a polka /ep backw>d & =w>d & turn$4 ,9 ! f\r? ! lady takes f\r /eps 9 front ( ! g5tleman & turns4 ,9 ! la/ !y take f\r /eps across ! room1 turn & pose2 two /eps back & pose1 & repeat4 ,a dance ( pretty music & m orig9al design 0 ! ,s>ab&e ( ! sixte5? & sev5te5? c5turies1 :i* 0 danc$ z a solo by a man or a woman1 al?\gh lat] x 0 danc$ by c\ples4 ,x _h a sl[ & /ately /ep & consi/$ ( f\r diff]5t figures4 ,9 ! fir/ figure ! danc] rais$ ! "r foot & took a /ep =w>d1 turn$ to ! "r & pos$1 & repeat$ to ! left & ! "r4 ,! second figure 0 a pas b\rre to ! left & ! "r1 ) "s turn+ 9 betwe54 ,! ?ird figure consi/$ ( an acc5tuat$ hip movem5t1 c\p1 a pose ) head movem5t1 & a repetition to ! opposite direction4 ,! la/ figure consi/$ ( spr++ on ! left foot1 /ret*+ ! "r leg to ! back1 & b[+4 ,?is 0 c>ri$ on 9 sev]al repetitions4 ,! mo/ effective ,s>ab&e music 0 compos$ by ,lully4 ,= ?is ! ladies wore a picturesque dress ( clo? ( gold1 ! sleeves & tunic 9 ! =m ( gigantic oak leaves ( r$ & gold1 tipp$ ) sequ9s2 r$ %oes & /ock+s4 ,probably ! mo/ celebrat$ & widespread ( old social dances 0 ! ,m9uet1 :i* dem&$ mu* repose & dignity on ! "p ( ! danc]s4 ,x 0 p]=m$ by m5 & wom51 b 0 giv5 also by ladies only4 ,x began ) a deep rev]5ce on ! "p ( ! lady & a b[ on ! "p ( ! man1 ! danc]s turn+ t[>ds ea* o!r at "r angles to ! audi5ce1 ! lady ) h] left h& hold+ h] dress1 ! elb[ prettily r\nd$4 ,!y advanc$1 ! lady turn+ ar\nd & assum+ ! position 9 :i* !y />t$4 ,?is 0 repeat$1 & ! dance end$ ) a b[ & a curtsey4 ,!n ! lady held h] dress 9 bo? h&s1 h] head be+ turn$ ov] h] "r %\ld]1 :ile h] p>tn]'s head 0 turn$ to ! left4 ,a favorite /ep 0 t ( lift+ ! foot high1 ris+ on ! toes1 & !n tak+ ?ree little /eps on tip-toes to ! next b>4 ,! ,m9uet requires mu* grace & delib]ation1 ) e movem5t ?\ght out & /udi$4 ,! ma9 rule is t 9 pass+ ea* o!r ! p>tn]s %\ld make a deep curtsey & b[4 ,! f+]s ( ! h& %\ld be mod]ately op51 ! arms curv$ & graceful4 ,! wom5 (t5 c>ri$ a fea!r fan4 ,l\is ,,xv 0 a virtuoso 9 ! ,m9uet4 ,! ,engli% k+s us$ to take lessons 9 ! dance4 ,x is ! "o dance t ,engl& has look$ on k9dly4 ,x creat$ a p]fect s5sation 9 ,france & 0 9 vogue until ! ,revolution swept x away4 ,_m celebrat$ compos]s h writt5 f9e ,m9uet music1 ,lully's be+ probably ! be/4 ,x _h n9e diff]5t movem5ts4 ,! ladies wore = ! m9uet a sat9 petticoat1 bord]$ ) a deep fl\nce4 ,! bodice _h a pleat+ r\nd la veille1 :i* 0 c>ri$ d[n to ! op5 front ( ! skirt1 on ei!r side ( ! bodice1 & r\nd ! back1 :i* left a pla9 po9t$ front ) a rosette 9 ! c5tre ( ! neck4 ,! sleeves 7 elb[ l5g?1 ! hair p[d]$ & worn v high1 a ribbon ti$ across ! back f :i* rose ?ree l>ge b[s ( :ite plumes1 ! %oes po9t$4 ,a dance z di/+ui%$ z ! m9uet 0 ! ,gavotte1 p]=m$ by c\ples 9 joy\s1 sp>kl+ little /eps4 ,its f\ndation 0 ?ree /eps & an assembl 9 quadruple "t1 comm5c+ on ! f\r? beat ( ! b>4 ,x />ts 9 a l9e or a circle1 "o c\ple sep>at+ !mselves f ! re/4 ,x has six figures4 ,! fir/ figure consi/s ( f\r gavottes =w>d1 f\r gavottes r\nd1 f\r back1 f\r ar\nd aga91 ! danc]s h& 9 h&1 ! figures always accompani$ by graceful head movem5ts1 ! p>tn]s turn+ t[>ds ea* o!r or ap>t4 ,! foll[+ ?ree movem5ts are ne>ly ! same1 ) slight v>iations4 ,! fif? consi/s ( f\r skat+ /eps & gavott+ ar\nd ! p>tn]4 ,! six? figure consi/s ( gavott+ =w>d ?ree times1 pir\ett+ back1 rais+ ! foot up to ! heel1 & advanc+ f\r times4 ,9 ! ,gavotte ! p>tn]s g5]ally kiss$ ea* o!r1 z !y did 9 s _m o!r dances4 ,9 lat] days ! cavali] pres5t$ a fl[] 9 ! c\rse ( ! figure in/ead4 ,! ,gavotte 0 a favorite dance ( ,l\is ,,xv1 ,m>ie ,anto9ette & ,napoleon4 ,lully1 ,gluck & ,grtry compos$ pretty gavottes1 & x 0 frequ5tly p]=m$ on ! /age by ,g>del & ,ve/ris4 ,! ,rigaudon1 :i* enjoy$ a great popul>ity at all ! ,european ca/les & c\rts till ! ,fr5* ,revolution1 0 r intricate4 ,9 x ea* figure occupi$ eight b>s & bo? danc]s />t$ toge!r )\t tak+ h&s4 ,! dance consi/$ ( sev5 figures1 ! fir/ be+ a slid+ /ep & f\r runn+ /eps1 turn+1 pos+ & repeat+ ) ! opposite foot4 ,! second consi/$ ( turn+ to left & "r alt]nately f\r times1 & slid+ backw>ds4 ,! ?ird figure 0 danc$ diagonally to ! "r ) runn+ /eps1 turn+1 pos+ & repeat+4 ,! f\r? figure 0 a graceful hopp+ & turn+1 repeat+1 runn+ diagonally to ! "r & turn+ ) ! arms out /raight4 ,! fif? 0 9 two half turns1 "o turn & repetition4 ,! six? 0 ?ree /eps left ) arms ov] ! head1 hopp+ ar\nd1 turn+ to left & "r1 pos+ ) "r h& d[n & ! left h& above ! head4 ,! sev5? consi/$ ( balanc+ f\r times on ! left foot & f\r times on ! "r & pos+4 ,l ! music ( s _m o!r old social dances1 t ( ! ,rigaudon 0 ( extremely graci\s cad5ces1 ) s5tim5tal pa?os & sweet1 gay melodic turns4 ,music comb9$ ) danc+ c>ri$ gladness & joy into ! s(t-%ad$ ball-rooms1 br++ smiles & laught] to ! lips ( ! picturesque ga!r+s4 ,some:at resembl+ ! ,m9uet1 b ) quick] /eps1 0 ! celebrat$ ,fr5* ,passepi$1 ) :i* mo/ ( ! balls began1 all ! gue/s danc+ ar\nd h& 9 h&4 ,x orig9at$ _m o!r old-"t social dances ) song4 ,x op5$ ) ! danc]s jo9+ h&s & fac+ ea* o!r1 !n sett+ to ea* o!r ) ! pas de ,basque1 br++ ! fir/ left %\ld] =w>d & !n ! "r1 & *ang+ _! places ) a waltz /ep4 ,! p>tn]s cross h&s1 plac+ ! arms r\nd ea* o!r's neck & mak+ ! pir\ette ) eight pony /eps1 paw+ ! gr\nd & !n turn+4 ,! dance consi/s ( t5 figures1 ea* ( :i* dem&s "s dramatic tal5t4 ,o!r celebrat$ old dances 7 ! ,galli>d1 consi/+ ( five figures1 t require "s pir\ettes1 pas de b\rres1 c\ps1 dess\s & spr++4 ,simil> to ?is 0 ! ,t\rdion1 :i* 0 m ( a glissade movem5t4 ,! ,can>ies 0 a que] old dance1 v popul> 9 ,engl& & ,g]many4 ,x _h sev5 figures & />t$ ) a pas jet1 by ?r[+ ! "r foot ov] ! left1 & ! left ov] ! "r4 ,9 ! la/ movem5t ! p>tn]s held h&s vis--vis1 turn+ ea* o!r )\t sep>at+ h&s1 pos+ vis--vis "o b> & repeat+ f\r b>s4 ,hi/ory tells u h[ 9 =m] times que5s & pr9cesses (t5 fell 9 love ) graceful male danc]s z did _! husb&s ) ! pretty wom5 danc]s4 ,que5 ,elizabe? fell 9 love ) "y ,hatton1 an insignificant ,london lawy]1 :om %e fir/ met at a ball danc+ ! ,galli>d4 ,sir ,p]ro us$ to say t ,hatton danc$ into ! c\rt by ! ,galli>d4 ,x is said t ! favors :i* ! virg9 mon>* ext5d$ to ! "y lawy] excit$ ! jeal\sy ( ! :ole c\rt1 especially t ( ! ,e>l ( ,leice/]1 :o1 ?9k+ to depreciate ! accompli%m5t ( 8 rival1 (f]$ to introduce to ,h] ,maje/y a pr(essional danc] ^: p]=mances 7 consid]$ f> m wond]ful ?an ^? ( ,hatton4 ,to ?is ! royal lady exclaim$3 #8,pi%6 ,i w n see y\r man2 x is 8 trade6' ,a langui%+ eye & a smil+ m\? 7 consid]$ indisp5sable accessories to a fa%ionable society dance4 ,l ! prevail+ /yle ( dress & mann]s1 ! dances 7 too delicate & artificial to la/4 ,! high-heel$ %oes1 ! elaborately pil$-up /ructures ( p[d]$ hair & ornam5t1 & ! dresses ) long tra9s 7 by no means favorable to virility & s9c]ity4 ,l all effem9ate art1 ! nobility dances ( ! pa/ lack$ spontaneity & inspiration4 ,illu/ration3 ,! ,ball ,aft] a pa9t+ by ,augu/e de ,sa9t-,aub9 ,,*apt] ,,xii ,,! ,,classic ,,ballet ,,( ,,! ,,n9ete5? ,,c5tury ,aims & t5d5cies ( ! n9ete5? c5tury--,m>ia ,taglioni--,fanny ,elssl]--,c>lotta ,grisi & ,fanny ,c]ito2 decad5ce ( ! classic ballet4 ,! end ( ! ,napoleonic w>s m>ks ! beg9n+ ( a new era ( ,european art1 p>ticul>ly ( ! ballet4 ,to ?is p]iod belong ! great ballet ma/]s1 ,taglioni1 ,b\rnoville1 ,didelot1 & ! greate/ ( all1 ,m>ius ,petipa2 ! great ballet compos]s1 ,mey]be]1 ,ross9i1 ,adam1 ,delibes1 ,nuitt]1 ,dubois1 ,h>tmann1 ,gade1 ,ts*aik[sky1 & ,rimsky-,korsak(f2 ! celebrat$ ball]9as1 ,taglioni1 ,grisi1 ,elssl]1 ,g5e1 ,tele%ova1 ,novitzkaya1 ,liadova1 ,muravieva1 ,bogdanova1 ,sokolova & ,k%es9skaya4 ,x seems z if ! evolution ( ! art ( danc+ is always /opp$ by political di/urbances2 dur+ ! middle ( ! pa/ c5tury1 :i* 0 m>k$ by revolution>y movem5ts1 9 :i* ev5 ,wagn] p>ticipat$1 we notice a sudd5 indiff]5ce to danc+ ideals on ! "p ( ! public4 ,! hi/ory ( evolution seems to proce$ 9 c]ta9 cosmic waves ( public s5tim5t & ideals4 ,!y gr[1 rea* _! climax & die4 ,! f\ndation t ! ,fr5* ,academy1 p>ticul>ly ,nov]re1 ,ve/ris & ,g>del1 _h laid = ! ballet1 develop$ dur+ ! n9ete5? c5tury into a solid & ess5tial /age art4 ,we f9d ! beg9n+ ( a rivalry among ! v>i\s s*ools1 ( :i* ^? ( ,p>is1 ,milan1 ,vi5na1 ,/ockholm1 ,cop5hag5 & ,/4 ,pet]sburg /& 9 ! fir/ rank4 ,l music & drama1 ! ballet /rives ei!r t[>ds ! classic or romantic4 ,! mo/ conspicu\s ballets ( ?is p]iod are ,la ,sylphide by ,lo ,delibes1 ,corsaire by ,adam1 ,sakuntala by ,gauti]1 ,la ,s\rce by ,delibes1 ,la ,f>&ole by ,dubois1 ,sylvia by ,delibes1 ,gretna ,gre5 by ,nuitt]1 ,excelsior & ,sieba by ,manxotti1 ,flore et ,zephire by ,didelot1 ,la ,esm]alda by ,p]rot & ,pugni1 ,iphig5ia 9 ,aulis by ,gluck1 ,laurette by ,galcotti1 ,ghiselle by ,gauti] & ,adam1 ,abdallah by ,b\rnoville & ,paulli1 ,arkona by ,h>tmann1 ,swan ,lake1 ,sleep+ ,beauty & ,! ,sn[ ,maid5 by ,ts*aik[sky1 ,baba ,yaga by ,balakireff1 ,s*eh]ezade by ,rimsky-,korsak(f1 etc4 ,! ma9 t5d5cy ( ! n9ete5? c5tury ballet is to get rid ( ! me*anical contrivances1 ! mon/r\s etiquette & maje/ic solemnity &1 l music1 give x m coh]5ce & bett] h>mony ) ! plot4 ,betwe5 #ahbj & #ahej x became an insep>able accompanim5t to ! op]a to su* an ext5t t ! occupants ( ! gild$ boxes pref]r$ ! ?rill ( ! danc+ to ! music4 ,! ballet repres5t$ at t "t m ?an a /age fill$ ) masses ( elegant coryphes & a magnific5t spectacle4 ,! public int]e/ began to c5tre 9 a few great danc]s ^: names 7 z famili> to ! audi5ces z ^? ( ! prima donnas4 ,! fir/ ph5om5on ( ?is k9d 0 ! cult ( ,taglioni t spread ) miracul\s rapidity ?r\gh\t ! ,occid5tal _w4 ,i ,m>ia ,taglioni 0 born at ,/ockholm 9 #ahjd ( an ,italian fa!r & ,sw$i% "m & made h] db 9 ,vi5na 9 #ahbb1 9 ! ballet ,reception d'une jeune ,nymphe la ,c\rt de ,t]psi*ore1 writt5 by h] fa!r1 ,m4 ,taglioni1 :o 0 a ballet ma/] 9 ! ,sw$i% ,royal ,op]a4 ,inspir$ by ! ideas ( ,nov]re1 ,m4 ,taglioni laid a solid f\ndation = 8 daught]'s tra9+ 9 danc+4 ,?\gh %e 0 successful 9 h] db 9 ,vi5na1 ! fa!r did n ?9k t %e 0 suffici5tly ripe = public appe>ances 9 a l>g] /yle1 s he cont9u$ to in/ruct ! girl himself & secur$ = h] education o!r celebrities ( ! "t4 ,ev5 :5 %e appe>$ five ye>s lat] 9 ,le ,sicili51 9 ,p>is1 %e did n ar\se any en?usiasm4 ,x 0 only 9 ,les ,bayad]es &1 above all1 9 ,la ,sylphide1 t h] art atta9$ ! utmo/ limits ( spirituality & %e 0 hail$ z "o ( ! mo/ e!real appe>ances t ! ,european /age _h ev] se54 ,taglioni appe>$ 9 ,p>is 9 ,la ,ve/ale1 ,m>s et ,v5us1 ,le ,c>naval de ,v5ise1 & _m o!r ballets1 :i* m>k$ ! beg9n+ ( h] c>e]4 ,a ,fr5* critic ( t "t writes3 #8,h] tal5t1 s in/9ct ) simple grace & mode/y1 h] lightness1 ! suppl5ess ( h] attitudes1 at once voluptu\s & ref9$1 made a s5sation at once4 ,%e reveal$ a new =m ( danc+1 a virg9al & diaphan\s art1 in/9ct ) an orig9ality all h] own1 9 :i* ! old traditions & "t-honor$ rules ( *oreography 7 m]g$4 ,aft] an appe>ance ( a few days only on our bo>ds1 ?is *>m+ mirage vani%$ to %9e 9 great triumph at ,muni* & ,/uttg>t4 ,b %e came back1 & an en?usia/ic reception await$ h]4 ,& 9 ! mid/ ( ^! brilliant successes1 tak+ ! he>ts ( ! p by /orm1 admitt$ to ! intimate fri5d%ip ( ! ,que5 ( ,wurtemb]g1 %e rema9$ sweet1 simple & res]v$4' ,besides h] *oreographic tra9+1 ,taglioni 0 a highly educat$ girl 9 e o!r respect1 & 0 ( ! mo/ *>m+ p]sonality & mann]s4 ,! p1 & ev5 h] _m rivals1 lov$ & ador$ h] z a great arti/ & great woman4 ,?\gh n pretty 9 any s5se1 z s _m o!r danc]s 71 %e 0 fasc9at+ ?r\gh h] di/9ct spiritual appeal4 ,?is same note ( spirituality manife/$ itself 9 h] dance4 ,h] admir]s us$ to say t %e look$ 9 ,la ,sylphide l "s sup]natural be+ always ready to take w+ & so> up 9 ! air4 ,h] /eps 7 pure & innoc5t1 z 7 all h] ge/ures & mimic expressions4 ,ev5 9 h] romantic dances %e fail$ to sugge/ any symptoms ( voluptu\s or s5sual emotions4 ,?r\gh\t h] life %e rema9$ z poetic z %e 0 9 h] art4 ,9 ,london %e appe>$ fir/ 9 #ahcj 9 ,didelot's ballet ,flore et ,zphire & made an in/antane\s success4 ,on nights :5 %e 0 ann\nc$ to appe> ! ,london !atre 0 lit]ally besieg$4 ,?ack]ay immortaliz$ h] 9 8 #8,! ,newcomes1' say+1 #8y c nev] see any?+ s graceful z ,taglioni4' ,%e receiv$ 9 ,london #ajj a night1 & insi/$ on h&some sums = h] family1 z well z #fjj = h] fa!r z ballet ma/]1 #ijj to h] bro!r & si/]-9-law1 toge!r ) two b5efit p]=mances4 ,%e 0 s mu* ! fa%ion ( ! h\r t wom5 wore ,taglioni hats1 g[ns1 & coats1 & ev5 a /age coa* 0 call$ aft] h]4 ,) all h] *>m & ref9em5t1 ,taglioni 0 9 _m respects an undevelop$ girl emotionally1 caprici\s & s5tim5tal to h] f+]-tips4 ,x is said t "o ev5+ :5 ,p]rot1 h] p>tn]1 happ5$ to receive a great] am\nt ( applause ?an %e1 %e refus$ to cont9ue ! p]=mance1 & accus$ h] surr\nd+ /age p ( hav+ intrigu$ aga9/ h] = malici\s reason4 ,%e receiv$ imm5se sums ( money1 b %e sp5t ev]y?+ j z lavi%ly z x 0 receiv$1 n s mu* on h]self z = h] relatives1 fri5ds & ! poor4 ,%e m>ri$ ,comte ,gilb]t des ,vois9s 9 #ahcb1 b _! m>ri$ life 0 ( %ort duration4 ,!re is a /ory t %e met him "s ye>s lat] at a d9n] at ! ,comte de ,morny's1 :5 he _h ! effront]y to ask to be introduc$ to ,m>ia ,taglioni4 ,%e repli$ t %e ?\ght %e _h made ! g5tleman's acqua9tance 9 #ahcb1 ! ye> ( h] m>riage4 ,9 #ahcg %e w5t to ,russia & rema9$ !re = five ye>s z prima ball]9a ( ! ,imp]ial ,ballet4 ,taglioni's fre$om & /yle _h a great influ5ce ^u ! developm5t ( ! ballet at t juncture4 ,h] dress1 a long tunic ( :ite silk musl9 :i* rea*$ almo/ to h] ankles & fell 9 graceful folds f h] figure1 0 ! fir/ ( ?is k9d4 ,?r\gh ?is %e 0 able to reveal ! pla/ic l9es ( h] body1 & ?us made h] movem5ts free f ! artificial /iffness t _h prevail$ be=e h]4 ,%e 0 a re=m] 9 _m ways1 & 9 ?is h] fa!r1 z a practical ballet-ma/]1 0 ( mat]ial help4 ,x 0 n until ,fanny ,elssl] appe>$ 9 #ahdg t ,taglioni began to lose h] hold ^u ! public4 ,little by little h] art grew old-fa%ion$ to ! novelty-lov+ audi5ces1 z ! danc+ ( ,elssl] br\ght a new note ( m romantic nature to ! /age4 ,actually ?is *ange 0 no?+ b a turn ( public s5tim5t indicative ( "s new social fad4 ,try+ to ma9ta9 h] liv+ by giv+ danc+ lessons 9 v>i\s ,european capitals1 %e di$ 9 ,m>seilles 9 #ahhd1 9 great pov]ty1 =sak5 by all h] previ\s ador]s & fr5zi$ audi5ces4 ,,ii ,( a v diff]5t nature 7 ! art & p]sonality ( ,fanny ,elssl]1 ! pretty ,vi5nese girl1 :o 9 _m respects foll[$ ! example ( ,taglioni4 ,em]son1 :o saw h] danc+ 9 ,bo/on1 exclaim$1 #8t is poetry6' ,b ,m>g>et ,full]1 :o sat next to him1 repli$1 #8,ralph1 x's religion4' ,turg5ieff 0 s impress$ by h] art t he wrote to ,balzac3 #8,h] dance is ! mo/ magic novel t ,i h ev] read4 ,:at a my/]y ( beauty6 ,h] e /ep & ge/ure is a l9e ( unwritt5 v]se4 ,h] l9es are acc5tuat$ phrases1 h] poses illu/rations to ! intoxicat+ text4 ,h] art haunts me4' ,born 9 ,vi5na 9 #ahaj1 ,elssl] receiv$ an e>ly & ?or\gh musical education f h] fa!r1 :o 0 a copyi/ to ,haydn4 ,h] ballet tra9+1 :i* %e receiv$ p>tly 9 ,vi5na1 p>tly 9 ,italy1 0 ( ! old ord]4 ,x 0 ! ,ca*u*a t made h] a favorite ( ! ,milan & ,naples audi5ces1 b1 z ) ,taglioni1 x 0 ,la ,sylphide t made ,elssl]'s f9al reputation4 ,elssl] saw ,la ,sylphide danc$ by ,taglioni 9 ,muni* & x electrifi$ h] s t %e made x a ma9 aim ( h] ambition to surpass ,taglioni1 :i* %e did4 ,a girl ( receptive m9d1 good education & great tal5t1 ,elssl] took notice ( all ! critical views ( h] future rival1 z express$ by h] contempor>y ballet-ma/]s1 compos]s & dance critics4 ,?is enabl$ h] to embody 9 h] art & /yle ! features :i* 7 less develop$ & mo/ dislik$ by ,taglioni4 ,taglioni 0 said to be poetic1 b lack+ 9 romantic w>m? & dramatic s5tim5t4 ,9 ?is latt] quality ,elssl] excell$4 ,%e made a special /udy ( ^? ge/ures1 poses & /eps1 :i* express by passionate emotions1 & made appropriate use ( !m4 ,! me*anical features ( ! dance int]e/$ h] little1 ?\gh occasionally %e indulg$ 9 acrobatic tricks4 ,*orley1 ! ,engli% critic1 writes ( h]3 #8,! exquisite managem5t ( h] bu/ & arms set h] ap>t f ev]yone :om ,i h ev] se5 be=e or s9ce4 ,no?+ 9 execution 0 too d>+ = h]1 no?+ too po9t$4 ,if ,mademoiselle ,taglioni flew1 %e fla%$4 ,! "o float$ on ! /age l a nymph1 ! o!r %[]$ e sp>kl+ fasc9ation r\nd h] l a sorc]ess4 ,!re 0 m1 h[ev]1 ( ! ,circe ?an ( ! ,diana 9 h] smile4' ,illu/ration3 ,sylphides2 a ,typical ,classic ,ballet ,a graphic description ( ,elssl] is giv5 by ,gauti]4 #8,clad 9 a skirt ( rose-color$ sat9 cl++ closely to ! hips1 adorn$ ) deep fl\nces ( black lace1 %e came =w>d ) a bold c>riage ( h] sl5d] body1 & a fla%+ ( diamonds on h] brea/4 ,h] leg1 l poli%$ m>ble1 gleams ?r\gh ! frail net ( ! /ock+4 ,h] small foot is at re/1 only await+ ! signal ( ! music to />t into motion4 ,h[ *>m+ %e is ) ! l>ge comb 9 h] hair1 ! rose beh9d h] e>1 h] flame-l glance1 & h] sp>kl+ smile6 ,at ! extremity ( h] rose-dipp$ f+]s tremble ! ebony ca/aets4 ,n[ %e d>ts =w>d2 ! ca/aets comm5ce _! sonor\s clatt]2 ) h] h&s %e seems to %ake d[n clu/]s ( rhy?m4 ,h[ %e twi/s6 h[ %e b5ds6 :at fire6 :at voluptu\sness ( motion6 :at eag] ze/6 ,h] arms seem to swoon1 h] head droops1 h] body curves backw>d until h] :ite %\ld]s almo/ graze ! gr\nd4 ,:at *>m ( ge/ure6 ,& ) t h& :i* sweeps ov] ! dazzle ( ! footlights w\ld n any "o say t %e ga!r$ all ! desires & all ! en?usiasm ( ^? :o wat* h]8' ,x 0 a pity t su* a bitt] rivalry 0 creat$ betwe5 ,elssl] & ,taglioni by !atrical manag]s1 :i* became a s\rce ( fi]ce controv]sy ?r\gh\t ,europe4 ,we are told by ! writ]s ( t "t t a v]itable w> ( s5tim5ts betwe5 ! ,taglioni/s & ,elssl]i/s la/$ = ye>s4 ,n[ ! "o1 n[ ! o!r p>ty claim$ victory4 ,ea* p>ty claim$ to h ! highe/ art 9 ! individual /yle ( its idoliz$ danc]4 ,x 0 a conflict betwe5 two movem5ts r ?an two arti/s3 "h ! classic idealism1 !re ! romantic realism4 ,elssl] at ! end rema9$ ! w9n]1 b n = a long "t1 z ! political unre/ t swept ,europe 9 ! middle ( ! n9ete5? c5tury di/ract$ ! public att5tion f ! ballet4 ,aft] a successful t\r 9 ,am]ica1 ,elssl] return$ to ,milan1 :5 ! ,la ,scala op]a1 :i* 0 support$ by ! ,au/rian gov]nm5t1 began to feel ke5ly ! political pulse ( ! "t4 ,elssl] 0 to appe> 9 ,p]rot's ballet ,fau/1 :5 %e beheld ! memb]s ( ! ballet we>+ a m$al t repres5t$ ! new lib]al ,pope1 :o 0 /rongly pro-,italian1 :ile ,elssl] 0 an ,au/rian4 ,to h] x seem$ a demon/ration direct$ aga9/ h] fa!rl& & %e refus$ to g on ! /age unless ! demon/ration /opp$4 ,! audi5ce 0 in=m$ ( ! tr\ble beh9d ! sc5es1 & f ?is "t on ,elssl]'s c>e] 0 f9i%$4 ,va9ly try+ h] luck 9 ,russia & ,engl& till #ahea1 %e realiz$ ! s5tim5tal opposition ( all ! audi5ces to h] art & retir$ =ev]4 ,%e sp5t h] life 9 com=t1 z ! ,am]ican t\r alone _h nett$ h] a sum ( five hundr$ ?\s& doll>s4 ,%e di$ 9 #ahhd 9 ,vi5na1 a few mon?s aft] ! dea? ( h] rival1 ,taglioni4 ,,iii ,! /> t foll[$ ,taglioni & ,elssl] 0 ,c>lotta ,grisi1 born 9 a village ( ,i/ria & educat$ 9 ,milan by ,p]rot4 ,%e 0 a m$ium betwe5 ! poetic ,taglioni & romantic ,elssl]4 ,h] favorite ballets 7 ,la ,p]i & ,ghiselle 7! libretto ( ! latt] by ,?ophile ,gauti] & ! music by ,adolphe ,adam74 ,%e 0 excell5t 9 fairy rles1 9 :i* %e %[$ a m>vell\s conception ( imag9>y motions & ge/ures4 ,h] fragile figure 0 favorable to simil> rles & 9 ^! h] mimic expressions 7 sup]b4 ,%e danc$ 9 ,engl& ) success1 b someh[ fail$ to ar\se ! en?usiasm t greet$ h] contempor>y ,fanny ,c]ito4 ,grisi m>ri$ h] =m] tea*] ,p]rot1 :o compos$ = h] _m ballets4 ,c]ito di/+ui%$ h]self 9 ,ond9e & ,la ,viv&ire1 & 0 = a long "t a favorite ( ! ,fr5* audi5ces4 ,a ,fr5* critic writes ( h]3 #8,a good _m ( our read]s w probably rememb] ,sa9t-,lon1 ! di/+ui%$ & popul> ballet-ma/]4 ,orig9ally an em95t viol9i/1 x 0 out ( love = ! fairy-l ,c]ito1 :om he m>ri$1 t he fir/ gave himself up to ! en?usia/ic /udy ( danc+4 ,mme4 ,c]ito bewit*$ ! public ) h] exquisite danc+1 :ile ,sa9t-,lon delight$ !m ) 8 skill ^u ! viol9 & ! dignity & di/9ction ( 8 compositions4' ,!re 7 sev]al ,fr5*1 ,italian or ,au/rian ballet danc]s :o di/+ui%$ !mselves at home1 b none ( !m succe$$ 9 attract+ mu* ! ,engli% or ,am]ican public's att5tion4 ,katty ,lann] & ,madame ,weiss danc$ ) "s success 9 ,london1 & enjoy$ a high reputation 9 ,vi5na4 ,! *>act]i/ics ( all ! ,vi5na danc]s ( ?is age 7 _! decad5t mann]s & _! pretty1 pla/ic poses4 ,vi5na develop$ m conspicu\s op]etta danc]s ?an real ballet danc]s4 ,katty ,lann] a*iev$ a p>ticul> grace & agility 9 ! ,le ,papillon1 by ,emma ,livry4 ,( ! ,fr5* & ,italian ballet danc]s t appe>$ dur+ ! second half ( ! n9ete5? c5tury mo/ conspicu\s are ,leont9e ,beaugr&1 ,mlle4 ,subra1 ,rosetta ,mauri1 ,mlle4 ,b]nay1 ,mlle4 ,petipa1 & ,rita ,sangalli4 ,?\gh local critics prais$ "o or o!r ( ^! z rivals ( ,taglioni & ,elssl]1 ! fact is !y 7 all ei!r m]e acrobatic imitators1 decad5t impressioni/s1 or conv5tional figures4 ,! ballet %r9ks into a second>y position1 z ! vogue = op]a & or*e/ral music occupies ! =emo/ att5tion ( ! public4 ,/age danc+ deg5]ates into %[s ( insignificant mean+4 ,) our be/ w we c f9d no?+ t w\ld seem wor?y ( ! att5tion ( ! ,fr5* critic :o writes ( ,beaugr&3 #8,be=e long ! public w le>n to love ?is /range pr(ile--s l a fright5$ bird's--& criticism w h to reckon ) ?is aspir+ tal5t4 ,%e has n yet put =? all h] /r5g?4 ,x 0 n until %e appe>$ 9 ! "p ( ,copplia t %e :olly reveal$ :at 0 9 h]1 & t ! full ext5t ( h] grace & poetic feel+ 0 unfold$ to ! public4' ,"o season lat] ! expect$ virtuoso vani%es f ! public eye & a new aspirant takes h] place4 ,consid]+ "o aft] ! o!r1 "o f9ds little crisp & spontane\s beauty 9 ! /eps & ge/ures ( ! ball]9as ( ! la/ "p ( ! pa/ c5tury4 ,! umbrella-l /iff dress ( ! classic ballet has only a mom5t>y semi-s5su\s appeal4 ,9 ! long run x becomes un/hetic & unpractical1 s9ce x hides ! natural l9es ( ! human body4 ,,*apt] ,,xiii ,,! ,,ballet ,,9 ,,sc&9avia ,! ,dani% ballet & ,b\rnoville's re=m2 ,lucile ,grahn1 ,augu/a ,niels51 etc4--,mrs4 ,elna ,jrg5-,j5s52 ,adel9e ,g5e2 ! mission ( ! ,dani% ballet4 ,i ,! ,fr5* ballet dom9at$ civiliz$ ,europe = c5turies1 z did ! ,fr5* fa%ions1 mann]s1 language1 art & social traditions4 ,! high society ( e c\ntry 0 outspok5ly ,fr5*1 & s 7 its views & ent]ta9m5ts4 ,h[ mu* ev5 ,g]many 0 9 ! grip ( ,fr5* ideals c be se5 be/ f ! ef=ts ( h] eighte5?-c5tury writ]s & re=m]s on behalf ( _! own national traditions4 ,less+ 0 mo/ bitt]ly fight+ ! ,fr5* influ5ce 9 ,g]man life & art4 ,x 0 only natural t semi-ari/ocratic ,sw$5 & ,d5m>k felt ! ,fr5* sway4 ,/ockholm introduc$ ! ballet dur+ ! la/ "p ( ! eighte5? c5tury1 b us$ x = ! mo/ "p z an accessory ( ! op]a4 ,taglioni1 ! fa!r ( ! celebrat$ ball]9a1 0 employ$ z a ballet-ma/] 9 ,/ockholm :]e1 9 addition to 8 actual /age "w1 he 0 tra9+ danc]s = ! ballet corps4 ,he 0 succe$$ by no "o else ?an ! great ,didelot1 :o lat] became a director ( ! ballet & ballet s*ool 9 ,petrograd4 ,b ,sw$5 /rictly foll[$ ! foot/eps ( ,france & ,italy & nev] took ano!r direction4 ,! ,sw$i% ballet ( ! n9ete5? c5tury 0 /rictly ,fr5*-,italian4 ,b ! ,dani% ballet1 :i* _h be5 f\nd$ at ! same "t ) ! ,sw$i%1 took a diff]5t turn4 ,! e>ly "p & middle ( ! n9ete5? c5tury m>k a great turn+ po9t 9 ! hi/ory ( ! ,dani% /age dance4 ,?is is :olly due to ! patriotic ef=ts ( its great re=m]1 ,b\rnoville1 :o did n l ! =eign flavor ( su* an important art z danc+1 &1 moreov]1 f\nd ! /iff /yle1 artificial mann]s & ! incoh]5t relation betwe5 ! music & danc+ too crude & outmod$ = a new era4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ! me?od ( tra9+ ! danc]s 0 lack+ 9 sy/em & seem$ too insuffici5t to make any ?or\gh arti/s ( ! "y m5 & wom5 :o wi%$ to make _! c>e] z danc]s4 ,v9c5zo ,tomaselli ,galeotti1 :o _h be5 = half a c5tury an autocratic figure & ballet-ma/] ( ,d5m>k1 emphasiz$ ei!r ! acrobatic ,italian or ! /]eotyp$ ,fr5* /yles4 ,= ,galeotti ! ,dani% ballet 0 p]fection itself1 b n s = ,b\rnoville4 ,anto9e ,augu/e ,b\rnoville 0 born 9 #ahje 9 ,cop5hag51 :]e 8 fa!r _h be5 a danc] & assi/ant conductor "u ,galeotti4 ,already at ! age ( eight he danc$ 9 small p>ts 9 ,cop5hag54 ,b x 0 n until #ahbi t he made 8 real db 9 ,grati]5ess ,huld+4 ,9 #ahbd he made a trip ) ,orl(f to ,p>is :]e he saw ,ve/ris & ,g>del1 ^: in/ruction & art inspir$ him to d = ! ,dani% ballet :at !y _h done = ! ,fr5*4 ,aft] a t\r 9 ,au/ria & ,italy1 ,b\rnoville settl$ d[n 9 ,cop5hag5 & began to re=m ! /age ( 8 native l&4 ,b\rnoville's ma9 re=mative idea 0 t a danc] %\ld fir/ ( all h a p]fect te*nique1 & !n be an individual & n a dead figure 9 a spectacul> design4 ,! te*nique ( ! ,milan s*ool 0 to him "o-sid$1 /riv+ = gymna/ic effects at ! exp5se ( ! musical & !matic requirem5ts ( a composition4 ,taglioni _h j made h] reputation on ! f\ndations t ,b\rnoville _h laid = ! ,dani% ballet4 ,virtuosity _h be5 ! dang] ( ! old s*ool4 ,admiration 0 c5tr$ exclusively 9 ! difficulty ( ! execution ( ! /eps4 ,! po9tes & pir\ettes _h be5 reg>d$ z ! highe/ =m ( accompli%m5t4 ,b\rnoville realiz$ t ?is /ep1 :5 x is abus$1 becomes ! curse ( ballet danc+4 ,:ile recogniz+ t x 0 absolutely necess>y = mom5t>y use1 :5 complet+ an attitude or giv+ a sugge/ion ( e!real lightness 7z ( ! poise ( a w+$ be+ alight+ = an in/ant ^u ! e>?7 he combat$ ! t5d5cy to base ! significance ( ! dance only on ?is4 ,on o!r occasions1 "o quick passage across ! /age1 ! tips ( ! toes sc>cely bru%+ ! du/ ( ! c>pet1 ! danc] may make ! impression ( ! grace ( a bird's flight4 ,b if ?is trick is display$ con/antly dur+ a p]=mance ! effect is lo/ 9 ! ugl9ess ( ! ef=t4 ,b\rnoville 0 also dissatisfi$ ) ! ballet compositions & plots4 ,he remodell$ _m ,fr5* ballets & wrote "s himself4 ,9 _m ?+s ,b\rnoville cop]at$ ) ,pi]re ,j4 ,l>*]4 ,! mo/ conspicu\s ( _! works 0 ,valdem>1 :i* 0 fir/ p]=m$ 9 #ahce1 ) music by ,froehli*4 ,n less successful 0 ! ,fe/5 i ,albano1 an idyllic ballet 9 "o act ) music by ,froehli*4 ,?is 0 fir/ p]=m$ 9 #ahci4 ,a v popul> ballet t ,b\rnoville arrang$ to ! music ( ,h>tmann 0 ,olaf d5 ,hellige4 ,! mo/ conspicu\s pupil ( ,b\rnoville & ! =emo/ ( 8 prima ball]9as 0 ,lucile ,grahn1 a girl ( outspok5 individuality1 temp]am5t & dramatic =ce4 ,%e 0 a rival ( ,taglioni & ,elssl]1 n only 9 ,d5m>k1 b 9 ,france1 ,engl& & 9 o!r ,european c\ntries4 ,grahn's favor$ ballet 0 ,la ,sylphide1 ?\gh %e danc$ sup]bly 9 ! ,fiorella1 & ,brahma und ,bayad]54 ,! ,dani% critics wrote t ! ,cop5hag5 audi5ce fairly w5t wild ov] h] danc+ 9 ! ,rob]t af ,norm&ie4 ,grahn diff]$ f ,taglioni 9 h] individual /yle1 :i* 0 m romantic & l(ty1 & 9 h] dramatic tal5t4 ,besides be+ a great danc] %e 0 an excell5t actress4 ,! ,london & ,petrograd audi5ces 7 p>ticul>ly fond ( h] div]tissem5t numb]s1 mo/ly writt5 by ,dani% compos]s4 ,%e 0 born 9 #ahai & di$ 9 ,muni* 9 #ahge1 aft] hav+ liv$ n9ete5 ye>s ( happy m>ri$ life ) ,fri$ri* ,"y1 a celebrat$ op]a s+] ( t "t4 ,next to ,lucile ,grahn 9 ! ,dani% ballet /&s ,augu/a ,niels51 born 9 #ahbc 9 ,cop5hag54 ,z a girl ( fifte51 %e danc$ 9 ,valdem>4 ,b h] real c>e] began ) ,toreador51 9 :i* %e danc$ = ! fir/ "t 9 #ahdj4 ,niels5's t5d5cy 9 danc+ 0 to be natural r ?an acrobatic4 ,h] mimic & rhy?mic tal5t surpass$ by f> t ( ,grahn1 ,taglioni & ,elssl]4 ,b s9ce %e /rove less = gymna/ic effects ?an h] celebrat$ contempor>ies1 %e fail$ to ar\se ! en?usiasm t greet$ ! o!rs4 ,%e came close to ! mod]n natural danc]s1 s9ce danc+ 0 = h] an individual art l s++1 9 :i* ea* arti/ %\ld express only ! be/ ( 8 inn] self4 ,l _m o!r ,dani% danc]s1 ,niels5 0 a born actress & emphasiz$ ! dramatic features z ! mo/ important ones 9 ! ballet4 ,among ,dani% ballet danc]s ! mo/ conspicu\s figures are ,adolph ,f4 ,/ramboe1 ,johann ,f]d9& ,hoppe1 ,waldem> ,price & ,hans ,beck4 ,!y all foll[ ! foot/eps ( ,b\rnoville1 ^: re=ms 9 ,dani% danc+ are equal to ^? ( ,nov]re 9 ,france1 or ,petipa 9 ,russia4 ,b\rnoville's ma9 ef=ts 7 to make danc+ a s]i\s dramatic art4 ,9 ?is he succe$$4 ,! influ5ce ( ! ,dani% ballet ^u ! ,russian is ( f>-rea*+ ext5t4 ,didelot1 hav+ be5 a ballet-ma/] 9 ,/ockholm1 0 inspir$ by ,b\rnoville's attempts1 & foll[$ 8 example aft] becom+ a ballet director 9 ,russia4 ,b ! art ( danc+ has its p]iod ( y\?1 maturity1 decay & rebir?4 ,! ,dani% ballet /opp$ its evolution aft] ,b\rnoville4 ,x has rema9$ :at x 0 half a c5tury ago4 ,x is s\nd1 classic1 & noble 9 its _s1 b x lacks ! fire & s\l ( y\?4 ,,ii ,! writ] has a record ( ! "y liv+ solo danc] ( ! ,dani% ,royal ,ballet1 ,mrs4 ,elna ,jrg5-,j5s51 ^: exquisite delicate pla/ic art 9 ,/r9db]g's ,brott o* ,brott1 & ,gabriele d',annunzio's ,gioconda ar\s$ /ormy en?usiasm among ,cop5hag5's audi5ces4 ,haag5 ,falk5fle?1 ! celebrat$ ballet critic ( ! ,nationaltid5de ( ,cop5hag51 writes ( h]2 #8,mrs4 ,elna ,jrg5-,j5s51 ! prima ball]9a ( ! ,dani% ,royal ,ballet1 ent]$ ! ,cop5hag5 ,ballet ,s*ool z a *ild1 z ! result ( an episode t is /ill little kn[n4 ,h] p>5ts knew t little ,elna 0 passionately fond ( danc+1 b _! surprise 0 great :5 "o day %e disappe>$ f h] home4 ,x appe>$ t %e _h run aft] a /reet organ-gr9d] to ^: scream+ tune %e 0 danc+ 9 ! middle ( ! /reet to ! surprise ( ! occasional spectators4 ,at ! age ( sev5 %e became a pupil ( ! ,royal ,ballet ,s*ool 9 ,cop5hag51 :]e ! *ildr5 are taught n only danc+ & cali/h5ics1 b also ! g5]al s*ool subjects1 9 ! same way z ! danc]s are educat$ 9 ! ,russian ,imp]ial ,ballet ,s*ool 9 ,petrograd4 ,z a pupil %e 0 favor$ ) small danc+ p>ts 9 c]ta9 ballets4 ,%e 0 excell5t = little fairy rles4 ,9 ?is way %e receiv$ a gradual tra9+ = ! /age & _h already ma/]$ h] r\t9e :5 %e made h] real db 9 ,drigo's 8,h>lequ9's ,millions40 ,%e _h p]sonifi$ ,sylvia's *ild 9 d',annunzio's ,gioconda & ! page 9 ,s*ill]'s ,don ,c>los4 ,h] danc+ 0 s sure1 h] movem5ts s graceful & h] mimicry s true to life t h] reputation 0 in/antly e/abli%$2 b h[ v]satile %e 0 became kn[n only lat]4 #8,no "o :o saw h] dur+ h] db 9 ! rle ( ! gay ,pi]rette1 ) frolic-humor\s eyes & graceful juv5ile /eps1 c\ld imag9e t on ! next occasion %e w\ld be s easily trans=m$ into a trag$i5ne 9 ,s*nitzl]'s & ,dohnnyi's 8,veil ( ,pi]rette40 ,%e practically creat$ h] rle4 ,h] romantic eyes1 s full ( sorr[ & despair1 add$ a magic gloom to h] dramatic dance1 9 :i* %e /&s s high above h] _m contempor>ies4 ,%e is reali/ically gripp+4 ,already at ! age ( n9ete5 %e 0 an accompli%$ mute actress ( ! mod]n type1 & a great solo danc]4 ,dohnnyi1 :o att5d$ ! p]=mance1 told me t he _h n suppos$ %e c\ld possibly add su* a tragic fire to ! rle t he wrote = untra9$ !atrical danc]s4 ,mrs4 ,jrg5-,j5s5 prov$ 9 ?is rle t %e _h brok5 loose f all ! traditions ( ! ,b\rnoville s*ool 9 :i* %e 0 tra9$4 ,y c\ld n see a l9e ( ! conv5tional ballet /yle4 #8,b\rnoville1 ! re=m] ( ! ,dani% ballet1 introduc$ a /rong dramatic elem5t into ! national art4 ,yet 8 t5d5cy 0 outspok5ly romantic4 ,9 ?is he aim$ to be classic & /rictly *oreographic4 ,9 _m ( 8 ballets ! romantic & ! reali/ic issues are closely int]wov54 ,9 ^! ,mrs4 ,jrg5-,j5s5 sometimes has gone aga9/ ! ,b\rnoville pr9ciples & us$ h] own judgm5t4 ,%e has figur$ z ! pr9cipal danc] 9 ! 8,fl[] ,fe/ival at ,g5zano10 ,la ,v5tana1 8,f> f ,danem>k10 ,copplia & ,swanhilde4 ,b 9 8,! ,little ,m]maid10 a ballet bas$ on ,hans ,&]s5's fairy-tale1 %e is be/ ( all4 ,:ile danc+ 9 ! rle ( ! ,m]maid1 %e makes ! impression ( a magic creature ( a diff]5t _w1 ) grace & *>ms t we h nev] kn[n1 yet :i* ca/ a spell ^u u4 ,mrs4 ,jrg5-,j5s5's rep]toire is l>ge1 b /ill l>g] is ! range ( h] dramatic p]sonifications4 ,! ,cop5hag5 audi5ces are sorry to see h] s little1 b ! /age ( our ,national ,!atre is m adapt$ to ! op]a & drama ?an to ! ballet4' ,p]haps ! be/ kn[n ( ! liv+ ,dani% danc]s is ,adel9e ,g5e1 ^: "n has figur$ dur+ ! pa/ tw5ty ye>s 9 ! ballet rep]toires ( all ! m or less kn[n op]a h\ses4 ,%e has be5 a special favorite ( ! ,london public1 :]e %e made h] db 9 ,monte ,cri/o 9 ,novemb]1 #ahig4 ,%e has %[n h] be/ 9 ,delibes' ,copplia1 ?\gh "s critics ma9ta9 t h] triumph 9 ! ,dryad is ev5 great]4 ,b :at ,la ,sylphide 0 to ,taglioni1 ,ghiselle to ,grisi & ol9e to ,lucile ,grahn1 t is ,copplia to ,g5e4 ,%e is a true expon5t ( ! ,b\rnoville s*ool ( ballet1 ?\gh %e claims t %e owes h] brilliant te*nique to "s o!r s\rces4 ,?\gh %e /udi$ danc+ ) h] uncle 9 ,d5m>k1 yet ! me?od1 /yle & te*nique orig9ate f ,b\rnoville4 ,max ,be]bohm has giv5 a pretty *>act]i/ic acc\nt ( h] appe>ance 9 ,copplia 9 ,london4 #8,no mon/r\s automaton is t "y lady4 ,p]fect ?\gh %e be 9 ! haute cole1 %e has by "s miracle pres]v$ h] own self4 ,%e 0 born a com$ian & a com$ian %e rema9s1 light z foam4 ,a m]maid 7 n a m surpris+ creature ?an %e--%e ( :om "o half is t ( an au!ntic ball]9a1 :il/ ! o!r is t ( a mo/ intellig5t1 mo/ delightful human actress4 ,a m]maid 71 inde$1 less m>vell\s 9 our eyes4 ,%e w\ld n be able to diffuse any semblance ( humanity into h] tail4 ,madame ,g5e's intellig5ce seems to vibrate 9 h] v toes4 ,h] danc+1 /rictly classical ?\gh x is1 is a "p ( h] act+4 ,& h] act+1 moreov]1 is ( s f9e a quality1 t %e makes ! old ineloqu5t conv5tions ( ge/ure tell mean+s to me1 & tell !m s exquisitely t ,i q =get my crav+ = words4--,taglioni 9 ,les ,arabesques8 ,i suspect 9 my he>t ( he>ts1 %e 0 no bett] ?an a doll4 ,grisi 9 ,ghiselle8 ,%e may or may n h be5 passable4 ,g5e6 ,x is a "n our gr&*ildr5 w *]i%1 ev5 z we *]i% n[ ! names ( ^? bygone danc]s4 ,& alas6 our gr&*ildr5 w nev] believe1 w nev] be able to imag9e1 :at ,g5e 04' ,! writ] has att5d$ a numb] ( ,g5e's p]=mances 9 ,europe & 9 ,am]ica1 & does n agree entirely ) ,mr4 ,be]bohm's eulogy4 ,z already expla9$ above1 ,b\rnoville's me?od 0 a great improvem5t ov] ! ,fr5*-,italian s*ools ( danc+1 9 t x emphasiz$ ! dramatic issues & individual traits 9 ! ballet1 :i* ,g5e has exactly foll[$2 b un=tunately ! evolution ( ! ,dani% ballet /opp$ ) ,b\rnoville4 ,! art rema9$ 9 its prelim9>y /ate ( developm5t & end$ ) ! ,dresd5-*9a /eps4 ,x is ?is v /yle t makes ,g5e an attractive museum figure4 ,9 ?is %e /&s unrivall$4 ,%e exhibits an art ( ! pa/1 ) e detail s$ul\sly /udi$4 ,y c see h[ ma!matically exact is ! position ( ! f+]s1 ! attitude ( ! head1 ! l9es ( ! arms & limbs1 & s on4 #8,e /ep has its "n1 e ge/ure belongs to its code2 !re is only "o way & no o!r ( execut+ !m rightly1 & t way is ,madame ,g5e's1' writes "o ( h] admir]s4 ,b ! dance is m ?an an exhibition ( ma!matical figures4 ,! /udi$ smile & sorr[ fail to ar\se ! emotions ( ! audi5ce4 ,! ,dresd5-*9a /ep is a fossiliz$ ?+ ( bygone c5turies4 ,x someh[ does n belong to ! /age4 ,! significance ( ! ,dani% ballet1 & its influ5ce ^u ! evolution ( ! art ( danc+ is great] ?an x is univ]sally admitt$4 ,! ,danes introduc$ ! elem5t ( drama into ! ballet 9 ord] to make ! danc+ a k9d ( mute act+4 ,!y 7 ! fir/ to revolt aga9/ _m "t-worn rules ( ! old s*ools4 ,!y 7 ! fir/ to advocate ! imitation ( nature to a c]ta9 ext5t4 ,b\rnoville said #8z nature moves 9 curves & gradations r ?an by leaps & turns1 danc+ %\ld take t into consid]ation4' ,! ,russian ballet 0 influ5c$ ?r\gh ! ,dani% & ,sw$i%4 ,! ,dani% ballet 0 a /epp+-/one betwe5 ! academic ,fr5*-,italian & e?no-dramatic ,russian s*ools4 ,x has accompli%$ a great task 9 ! evolution ( ! art ( danc+ by mak+ ! ballet a dramatic expression on academic l9es4 ,,*apt] ,,xiv ,,! ,,russian ,,ballet ,nationalism ( ! ,russian ballet2 p$agogic pr9ciples ( ! ,russian s*ool2 ,fr5* & ,russian s*ools comp>$--,begut*eff & ,o/r[sky2 hi/ory ( ! ,russian ballet--,didelot & ! ,imp]ial ballet s*ool2 ,petipa & 8 re=ms--,ts*aik[sky's #8,sn[-,maid5' & o!r ballets2 ,pavlova & o!r fam\s ball]9as2 ,mordk92 ,vol991 ,kya%t1 ,lopokova4 ,i ,! celebrat$ say+ ( ! ,g]man poet1 #8,und neues ,leb5 blht aus d5 ,ru95' applies bett] ?an any?+ else to ! ,russian ballet1 :i* has ris5 out ( ! ,we/ ,european *oreographic ru9s4 ,! ,russian ballet m>ks a new era 9 ! hi/ory ( ! art ( danc+4 ,! ,russian ballet is a new ^w 9 ! dance _w4 ,x br+s ! smell ( trees & fl[]s1 ! songs ( birds1 ! leaps ( gazelles & lions & ! v soil ( nature to ! /age4 ,x brea!s ! spectral %ad[s ( ! trees & m\nta9s2 x beg9s ) ! simple/ mu%room & ends ) ! mo/ complicat$ hot-h\se plant4 ,x emanates nature ) all its unc\?ness & grace4 ,l ! ,russian compos]s & poets1 ! ,russian danc]s /rive to e*o ,nature ) all its maje/y & my/]y4 ,ev5 ) ! beg9n+ ( ! n9ete5? c5tury ! ,russian ballet beg9s a c\rse entirely diff]5t f t :i* ! s*ools ( ,we/]n ,europe 7 prea*+ & tea*+4 ,?\gh ! ballet-ma/]s & in/ructors are =eign]s1 yet !y are actuat$ by outw>d circum/ances to apply _! academic !ories to ! conditions ( a diff]5t s*ool4 ,) ! adv5t ( a national s*ool ( music & drama1 at ! head ( :i* /ood ,balakireff1 ,borod9e1 ,s](f1 ,m\ssorgsky1 ,ts*aik[sky & ,rimsky-,korsak(f 9 music1 & ,o/r[sky1 ,turg5ieff1 ,gogol & o!rs 9 ! drama1 ! ,russian ballet is =c$ 9 ! same *annels4 ,! ,russian ballet gr[s gradually into a new nationali/ic art1 & sep>ates itself altoge!r f ! ,fr5*-,italian ari/ocratic academicism4 ,! frequ5t rem>ks ( ! =eign critics1 sugge/+ t ! ,russian ballet 0 & is a direct (fspr+ & copy ( ! classic ,fr5*-,italian s*ools1 are absolutely wrong4 ,x is true t ! ,russians borr[$ f ! ,fr5* ! skeleton & f ! ,italians ! me*anic contrivances1 b !y built up ! body !mselves & creat$ some?+ entirely diff]5t f :at ,we/]n ,europe knew ( ! ballet4 ,a born danc]1 ! ,russian c\ld nev] /& ! prescrib$ poses1 smiles1 te>s1 /eps & ge/ures1 t 7 & are /ill practis$ outside4 ,he is ready to und]go ! mo/ /r5u\s tra9+1 & foll[s microscopically ! in/ructions ( ! tea*]s1 9 ord] to acquire ! necess>y te*nique2 b :5 x comes to a p]=mance1 he w put 8 spontane\s ideas & impulses above ! te*nique & act accord+ to 8 emotions & inspiration4 ,?is is a peculi>ity ( ! ,russian4 ,he is & rema9s an individual4 ,no s*ool c put him on ! same level ) 8 fell[-/ud5ts4 ,is n ,pavlova q diff]5t f ,fok9a or ,k>sav9a8 ,no o!r nation c>es s mu* = racial beauty z ! ,russian4 ,& 9 ?is x is ess5tially democratic4 ,all ,russian art is bas$ on ! peasant1 & n on ari/ocratic ideals4 ,x expresses ?is by be+ simple1 direct1 spontane\s & rugg$4 ,! greate/ factor 9 sep>at+ ! ,russian ballet f ! we/]n1 is ! ,russian folk-dance4 ,x owes ev]y?+ to folk-art4 ,no outside influ5ce has ev] be5 able to *ange ! ,russian /hetic ta/e4 ,9 art1 p>ticul>ly 9 ! ballet1 ! peasant ideals =ce !mselves ^u all ari/ocratic & bureaucratic classes4 ,already z a y\? he sucks f ! atmosph]e ! innum]able =ms ( dance expression4 ,9 8 blood lives unconsci\sly ! :ole *oreographic code1 z 8 ance/ors h kn[n & practis$ x = c5turies4 ,! design ( a peasant is ! /hetic scale ( a ,russian arti/1 p>ticul>ly ( a danc]4 ,ari/ocratic ideals nev] am\nt$ to any?+ 9 ,russia4 ,! fact is1 ! nobleman foll[s 9 matt]s ( /hetic ta/e ! m\jik1 b nev] vice v]sa4 ,! b5efit ( ?is has be5 t nei!r ! c\rt nor =eign academicism c\ld influ5ce ! ,russian art ( danc+4 ,besides ! racial motives1 ! "q ( sci5tific education has be5 a hobby ) ! ,russian art p$agogues s9ce ! e>ly "p ( ! la/ c5tury4 ,! ,russians are almo/ fanatic 9 ?is respect & h specializ$ _! educational in/itutions to su* a degree t !y /& unique4 ,! me?od ( tra9+ ! danc]s 9 o!r c\ntries 0 c5tr$ ma9ly 9 tra9+ ! /ep te*nique & 01 s to speak1 purely *oreographic4 ,! ,russians took into consid]ation all ! arts t are relat$ to danc+1 & made a rule t all pupils 9 ! danc+ s*ools %\ld h at lea/ an elem5t>y tra9+ 9 human anatomy1 9 sculpture1 drama1 ar*itecture1 pa9t+1 music & 9 g5]al educational subjects4 ,to "k e bran* ( art correspond+ly well--?is made x necess>y t *ildr5 be educat$ 9 an in/itute f _! *ildhood on4 ,?us ! education = ! ,russian ballet is giv5 9 ! two ,imp]ial ,ballet ,s*ools1 "o 9 ,petrograd1 ! o!r 9 ,mosc[1 bo? be+ connect$ ) ! dramatic dep>tm5ts 9 :i* *ildr5 are tra9$ = ! /age4 ,! c\rse 9 ! s*ool la/s eight ye>s1 ) an extra "o or two ye>s' po/-graduate practice at "s op]a /age1 aft] :i* a graduate receives 8 #8,free ,arti/' degree :i* places him on an equal rank ) ! graduates ( a college1 univ]sity or musical cons]vatory4 ,m>ius ,petipa1 ! director & lead+ _s ( ! ,petrograd ballet s*ool1 has1 ^u "o occasion1 said to ! writ]3 #8,we employ ! ,fr5*1 ! ,italian1 ! ,dani% & ! ,russian in/ructors 9 ord] to give ! be/ ( e s*ool & /yle to our pupils4 ,we tea* ?+s t no o!r s*ool w\ld tea*4 ,= in/ance1 our pupils mu/ "k psy*ology1 :i* is suppos$ to be unnecess>y = a danc]4 ,b ,i say1 no4 ,h[ c a girl p]sonify ! ,sn[ ,maid5 :5 %e does n "k ! psy*ology ( a fairy8 ,x's ridicul\s1 y might ?9k1 z fairies are only leg5d>y figures4 ,b ! v fact t !y are imag9>y makes x necess>y = a girl to "k h[ to avoid %[+ any human *>act]i/ics4 #8,! =eign s*ools d n c>e 9 :at /eps a danc] %\ld express su* subtle emotions z jeal\sy1 long+1 bliss & sorr[4 ,abroad !y prescribe pir\ettes = joy & happ9ess4 ,!y prescribe act+ 9 ?is1 danc+ 9 t phrase4 ,x is n s ) u4 ,we tea* ! pupil to see ! v>i\s human emotions 9 hi/oric sculpture & pa9t+4 ,we %[ !m ! attitudes ( v>i\s celebrat$ actresses 9 ?is or t emotion4 ,!n1 we g back to psy*ology & leave x to ! arti/ to =mulate ! position t he w\ld occupy 9 v>i\s emotions4 ,s y see psy*ology is v important to a danc]4 #8,danc+ is ! cream ( ar*itecture & sculpture4 ,we tea* our future danc]s to "k ! diff]5ce betwe5 ar*itecture & sculpture & !n betwe5 a dance & a dramatic pose1 :i* are j z diff]5t z op]a s++ & conc]t s++4 ,all our graduates mu/ be accompli%$ danc]s1 actors1 acrobats1 ar*itects & design]s4 ,we tea* ! diff]5ce betwe5 a ,go?ic & ,byzant9e l9e1 a ,moori% & ,romanesque design4 ,we h to analyze music & sculpture to _! elem5t>y p>ts 9 ord] to be able to %[ ! manifold manife/ations ( ! human s\l1 & ! manifold =ms ( beauty4 ,x is 9 ?is way t a danc] comes to "k :i* /ep or ge/ure corresponds to ! emotions ( a ,romanesque ,italian1 ,go?ic ,g]man or ,byzant9e ,russian4 #8,i h be5 assail$ by our critics & compos]s z be+ too /rict 9 dem&+ te*nique f our danc]s4 ,b tell me1 please1 c any tal5t make a man an arti/ )\t te*nical ability1 :]e ma!matical laws are requir$ z 9 danc+ & 9 music8 ,c !re ev] be a ,rub9/e91 ,pad]ewski or ,kubelik )\t ! acquir$ h>monic & melodic skill on ! in/rum5t :i* ,i call te*nique8 ,j z little *ance has a man ( be+ a great danc] if he does n possess ! ability to control 8 body1 ?\gh he be ! greate/ *oreographic g5ius 9 ! _w4 ,art is te*nique plus tal5t4 ,no great arti/ 9 danc+ 0 ev] produc$ )\t te*nique4 #8,d y "k :at ,lubke said 9 8 immortal ,hi/ory ( ,sculpture1 t applies also to a danc]8 ,i am tell+ all my pupils :5 !y leave ! in/itution t1 l sculptor 9 ! clay1 a danc] 9 himself mu/ seek ! 8,image ( ,god10 ! sp>k ( div9e life4 ,:5 he fails to f9d ?is 9 sep>ate l9es1 poses1 ge/ures1 attitudes & mimic expressions1 he mu/ se>* = x 9 ! :ole1 &1 by ?\ghtful /udy & ?9k+1 he w c]ta9ly atta9 ! reflex ( immortal beauty--! image ( deity4 ,?is ,i call arti/ic creation4 ,9 sculpture z 9 danc+ ! div9e & h]oic are ! aims ( ! arti/ic a*ievem5ts4 ,)\t ?is /riv+ aft] ! div9e sp>k no?+ is produc$ b lifeless figures & dead =ms4 ,a danc]1 l any o!r arti/1 %\ld aspire aft] _s-brea?+ beauty4' ,illu/ration3 ,pavl[a a pa9t+ by ,john ,lav]y ,?is briefly expresses ! fundam5tal traditions ( ! ,russian ballet s*ool4 ,to a c]ta9 ext5t x is academic1 b x has nev] int]f]$ ) ! racial & ! individual t5d5cies ( ! arti/s4 ,?\gh !re are only ?ree l>ge indep5d5t ballet corps 9 ,russia1 ^? ( ,petrograd1 ,mosc[1 & ,w>saw1 yet ne>ly e "o ( ! sixty or m prov9cial op]a h\ses keeps its local ballet corps 9 connection ) ! op]atic & dramatic /aff4 ,:ile 9 =eign c\ntries ballet has be5 appreciat$ ma9ly z an accessory to ! op]a = its spectacul> effects1 its /hetic appeal be+ reg>d$ z n possess+ a high ord] ( m]it1 9 ,russia x is consid]$ a great & indep5d5t art ( ! /age1 /&+ on a plane ) op]a1 bo? musically & dramatically4 ,:5 a few ye>s ago ! ,russian danc]s made _! appe>ance abroad ! public 0 />tl$1 z no "o c\ld imag9e t any good ?+ c\ld come out ( ,cz>dom4 ,x is a great mi/ake to suppose t ! ,russian ballet is an ari/ocratic or autocratic in/itution4 ,by no means4 ,l ,russian drama & music ! ,russian ballet is a national in/itution & a national a*ievem5t4 ,9 h[ f> ! ,russian ballet diff]s f h] si/] in/itutions outside is be/ to be se5 9 su* old-fa%ion$ ballets z ,les ,sylphides1 :i* 0 danc$ by ,taglioni1 & is danc$ by ! arti/s ( ! ,fr5*-,italian s*ools & figures 9 ! rep]toires ( ! ,russian ballet4 ,ano!r "w ( simil> nature is ! ,copplia4 ,n only are ^! two "t-worn ballets :olly *ang$ 9 _! !matic & musical s5se b 9 ! v =m ( conception4 ,! ,russian ,sylphides & ,copplia are old sc5es 9 mod]n light1 ! ,fr5*-,italian ,sylphides & ,copplia are pitiable museum %[s4 ,:]e a ,fr5*-,italian ball]9a w\ld leap & :irl1 a ,russian acts & poses4 ,l ! art ( an actress t ( a ,russian ball]9a is 9 ! fir/ place a p]sonification ( ! "* 9 ^: rle %e is danc+4 ,pavlova z %e depicts ! incomp>able fury ( ,glaz\n(f's ,l',autmne ,bac*anale1 c\ld n by any means be a ,cleopatra z p]sonifi$ by ,a/afieva4 ,k>sav9a ) all h] dramatic ?rill & arabesques is a m$iocrity 9 ! rles 9 :i* ,pavlova excels4 ,! dramatic issue is ! =emo/ "q 9 ! ,russian ballet1 (t5 to su* an ext5t t x m9imizes ! musical significance4 ,! mo/ tal5t$ ( ! =eign ballet danc]s d n beg9 to g into ! dramatic details ( a dance z ! ,russians d4 ,to get an idea ( ! ,russian ballet ) all its true atmosph]e "o mu/ g to ,russia4 ,! p]=mances ( ! ,diaghileff company :i* =eign audi5ces h se51 belong to ! revolution>y s*ool1 b n to ! typical classic dance ( ,russia1 :i* we %all discuss lat]4 ,! ,russian ballet danc] is free f all ! /iffness1 decad5t artificiality1 preconceiv$ emotions1 & fossiliz$ =malities ( ! ,fr5*-,italian ballet danc]s4 ,?is fre$om he owes1 9 ! fir/ place1 to ! ?or\gh tra9+ 9 ! s*ool2 second1 to ! di/9ctly racial traditions ( ! ,russian drama & art2 & ?ird1 to ! s]i\s critical attitude ( ! audi5ces4 ,to say t ! ,russian ballet has n travell$ 9 ideals f> f ^? ( ,milan 9 ! e>li] "p ( ! n9ete5? c5tury1 z a =eign dance critic has said1 is untrue4 ,! diff]5ce betwe5 ^! two s*ools is j z real z t betwe5 ! ,ca?olic & ! ,prote/ant *ur*3 ! "o believes 9 ! =m1 ! o!r 9 ! _s4 ,,ii ,h[ mu* ! ,russian ballet has influ5c$ drama1 op]a1 pa9t+ & music c be judg$ f ! fact t almo/ )\t an exception all ! ,russian op]as require danc+2 ?us !re are sev]al dramas & or*e/ra works int]wov5 ) ! ballet4 ,on ! o!r h& ! danc] has made use ( !mes & compositions t _h be5 creat$ = o!r purposes2 = all su* ballets z ! ,s*eh]ezade1 ,pr9ce ,igor1 ,baba ,yaga & _m o!rs1 7 writt5 z or*e/ral suites1 symphonic poems or p>ts ( op]as4 ,b ! *oric imag9ation discov]$ 9 !m lat5t music dramas adapt$ = danc+4 ,we are incl9$ to ?9k t ! ,mosc[ ballet1 b n t ( ,petrograd1 is a ?or\ghly ,russian in/itution1 s9ce ,begut*eff1 :o 0 a director ( ! ,mosc[ ,op]a & ,ballet at ! "t ( ,ts*aik[sky & ,o/r[sky1 bani%$ all =eign influ5ce f t /age1 m s ?an has ev] happ5$ 9 ,petrograd4 ,9 #ahgc ,begut*eff ask$ ,o/r[sky1 "o ( ! =emo/ ,russian dramati/s1 to write a fairy ballet = p]=mance at ! ,imp]ial ,op]a 9 ,/4 ,pet]sburg1 exact+ t x %\ld be free f any satirical or politically undesirable elem5t4 ,begut*eff ask$ ! dramati/ to submit ! sc5>io to him = approval4 ,o/r[sky 0 not$ = 8 bitt] s>casm an5t ! ,russian bureaucracy & = 8 idealization ( ! peasants4 ,?is he 0 told he %\ld avoid 9 ! ballet1 #8= su* w\ld be n pleas+ to ! imp]ial family4' ,o/r[sky smil$1 grunt+3 #8,god be ?ank$1 ! imp]ial family has no bus9ess to int]f]e ) ! imag9ation ( an arti/4' ,he f9i%$ 8 libretto )\t consult+ ,begut*eff & entitl$ x ,sneg\rot*ka--#8,sn[ ,maid54' ,! director ( ! ,petrograd ballet did n l ,o/r[sky's libretto & refus$ to consid] x4 ,begut*eff1 h[ev]1 turn$ ! libretto ov] to ,ts*aik[sky to compose ! music & x 0 p]=m$ ) great success 9 ,mosc[4 ,"o ( ! special features ( ! ,russian ballet is its *orovody "*--t is1 ! musical accompanim5t1 on _m occasions1 is suppli$ by ! s++ ( ! danc]s !mselves4 ,?is species ( vocal ballets evid5tly orig9at$ 9 ! *oral dances ( ! peasants4 ,! ,russian ballet is1 9 fact1 an outgr[? ( ! folk-dance j z ,russian music emanates f ! folk-song4 ,:ile wat*+ ! ,russian ballet1 y see glimpses ( ! racial traits4 ,x is n l ! music1 h[ev]1 a picture ( ! gloom ( lonely m\jik life1 9 :i* only "h & !re a beam ( light breaks ?r\gh ! melan*oly4 ,x is a succession ( brilliant pictures ( ! m$ival ,boy>s1 ! semi-b>b>ic nobility4 ,e "p ( ! ballet is meant to %[ ! ri* ,byzant9e colors1 & primitive passions z set =? 9 a half-civiliz$ g>b4 ,x is true ! ,russian ballet is controll$ by ! c\rt & !re=e is =c$ to be ari/ocratic 9 appe>ance4 ,! compos]s & ! ballet-ma/]s h be5 /rictly in/ruct$ to avoid all undesirable !mes2 b1 /range to say1 ! ballet is j z mu* a mirror ( ! hospitable1 good natur$1 nave & emotional peasant z x is ( a spoil$ ,boy>4 ,x is n t all ! ballet danc]s are *ildr5 ( peasants1 educat$ = ! /age by ! c\rt1 b because ! ,russian dramati/s & compos]s h unconsci\sly put _! own m\jik s\ls 9 _! creations1 =1 ?\gh mo/ ( ! ,russian compos]s & dramati/s are desc5dants ( ! ari/ocracy1 yet 9 _! he>ts !y h rema9$ "o ) ! p1 ^: life !y live 9 ?\ght & feel+4 ,9 its pr9ciples ! ballet is ! mo/ ari/ocratic & ! olde/ ( all ,russian arts ( ! /age4 ,! unwritt5 hi/ory ( ! en*ant+ ,russian dance w\ld make a ?rill+ record ( m ?an two c5turies4 ,! romances1 trag$ies1 my/]ies1 & intrigues connect$ ) ?is seal$ drama h (t5 play$ a decisive rle 9 ! affairs ( ! c\ntry4 ,z ! result ( a romance ) pretty ,tele%ova ,griboy$(f1 a fam\s ,russian dramati/ 0 kill$ 9 ,teh]an4 ,= hav+ d$icat$ 8 #8,eug5e ,onyeg9' to ! fasc9at+ ,i/om9a1 prima ball]9a ( ! ,imp]ial ,op]a1 ,p\%k91 ! poet1 lo/ ! love ( 8 wife & 0 subsequ5tly %ot 9 a duel4 ,! ,cz> ,paul fell 9 love ) ,eug5y ,kolossova & 9 consequ5ce 0 /rangl$ at 8 palace 9 ,petrograd4 ,be=e ! pres5t ,cz> asc5d$ ! ?rone he 0 said to h be5 s mu* 9 love ) ,ma?ilda ,k%es9skaya t he made plans to r5\nce 8 ?rone & m>ry h]4 ,! ballet 0 introduc$ 9 ,russia z e>ly z #afgb4 ,cz> ,alexis ,mihail[it* ord]$ 8 aid-de-camp1 ,colonel ,van ,/ad51 to h a tr\pe ( ,dut* com$ians br\ght to ,mosc[4 ,van ,/ad5 made a contract ) a ballet manag] 9 ,brussels1 b ! =eign] 0 fright5$ into giv+ up ! v5ture because ( a rumor t he & 8 tr\pe might ev5tually l& 9 ,sib]ia4 ,aft] ?is a ,g]man pa/or1 ! ,rev4 ,johann ,gregory1 und]took ! managem5t ( ! tr\pe1 hir+ sixty-f\r ,g]man & ,italian danc]s & produc+ 9 #afgc ! fir/ ballet1 #8,orpheus & ,euridice1' ) great success4 ,pet] ! ,great 0 s fasc9at$ ) ! ballet t he himself took "p & = ?is purpose receiv$ lessons f ! ballet-ma/]4 ,! ballet ( ?is "t 01 ( c\rse1 ,italian-,fr5* 9 conception & music4 ,b ! e>ly =eign ma/]s soon produc$ a s*ool ( native in/ructors :o gradually made use ( ! peculi>ities ( national dances4 ,_m ,russian ballets 7 already at ?is "t ( national color1 "o ( !m1 ,baba ,yaga1 hav+ be5 writt5 by ! ,cz> himself4 ,baba ,yaga is a ,russian fairy tale4 ,l ! ,engli% #8,wit* on a ,broom/ick1' ,baba ,yaga rides ?r\gh ! sky on a huge mort>1 propell+ h]self ) a pe/le1 :ile h] great tongue licks up ! cl\ds z %e passes4 ,! danc]s 7 tra9$ 9 v>i\s milit>y or municipal s*ools & ! tea*+ 0 unsy/ematic 9 e respect4 ,! fir/ impetus to a national danc+ academy 0 giv5 by ,empress ,anna ,ivanovna1 ! si/] ( ,pet] ! ,great1 :o felt t ! education ( ! danc]s 0 n sy/ematic en\gh1 & regrett$ t ! be/ danc]s _h to be hir$ f abroad4 ,9 #agce1 %e ask$ ,*ri/ian ,wellmann1 a tea*] ( gymna/ics 9 ! ,cadet ,corps1 to f\nd a dramatic danc+ s*ool 9 :i* girls & boys c\ld be educat$ = ! ballet4 ,! ,italian compos] ,francesca ,areja 0 employ$ to take c>e ( ! music1 :ile ,l&e1 a pupil ( ,nov]re1 0 to act z ballet director4 ,z ! newly =m$ s*ool c\ld n get *ildr5 ( ! nobility to le>n danc+1 ,l&e tra9$ a numb] ( poor city boys & girls free ( any *>ge1 & ) !m gave a p]=mance at ! palace4 ,! ,empress 0 s pleas$ ) _! dance t %e in/ruct$ t ! pupils be educat$ 9 ! ,imp]ial ,dramatic ,danc+ ,s*ool free ( *>ge4 ,,iii ,! mo/ conspicu\s figures 9 ! developm5t ( ! e>ly ,russian ballet 7 ,locatelli1 ,hilf]d+ & ,lessogor(f4 ,to ! latt]'s ef=ts are due ! re=ms t made ! ,russian s*ool indep5d5t f ,fr5*-,italian influ5ces4 ,b to ,*>les ,l\is ,didelot is due ! ?or\gh & _m sid$ sy/em ( tra9+ t makes ! ,s*ool a unique in/itution 9 ,europe4 ,he may be consid]$ ! real fa!r ( all ! p$agogic te*nical p]fection1 = x 0 he :o emphasiz$ ! importance ( a sy/ematic tra9+ 9 a true dramatic _s1 cont5d+ t a good ballet danc] %\ld also be a good actress & an arti/ & a poet at he>t4 ,up to 8 "t lessons _h consi/$ mo/ly ( physical tra9+1 f5c+ & gymna/ics1 b he insi/$ t ! ballet be put on ! same basis z drama4 ,:]eas ! dance _h be5 m]ely a spectacul> "p ( op]a he int5d$ t x %\ld become an indep5d5t production4 ,?is br\ght ^u him a /orm ( indignation on ! "p ( ! cl]gy & _! support]s1 ! qu>rel becom+ s int5se t 9 #ahja1 z "o ( its effects1 ! ,cz> ,paul 0 acclaim$ a h]etic & 0 combatt$ by ! ecclesia/ic p[]s until he 0 /rangl$ 9 8 palace & 8 son1 ,alex&] ,i1 asc5d$ ! ?rone4 ,! "y ,cz> 0 religi\s1 b s mu* an admir] ( ! ballet t he did n int]f]e ) ! plans ( ,didelot & gave him a /ill great] au?ority4 ,x is /range h[ ,didelot1 a r small1 insignificant1 pock-m>k$ & de=m$ ,fr5*man1 :o _h be5 = "s "t a ballet tea*] 9 ,/ockholm1 c\ld play a dom9at+ rle dur+ ! tw5ty-five ye>s t he 0 director ( ! ,imp]ial ,ballet ,s*ool4 ,! be/ kn[n danc]s ( 8 s*ool 7 ,i/om9a1 ,tele%ova & ! uncle ( ,taglioni1 :o lat] und]took ! tra9+ ( ,m>ia ,taglioni4 ,miss ,novitzkaya 0 a celebrat$ pupil ( ,didelot1 b h] c>e] 0 soon de/roy$ by an affair ( ! he>t4 ,g$eon(f1 ! director :o foll[$ ,didelot1 fell madly 9 love ) ,novitzkaya & propos$ to h]1 b ! danc]1 hav+ giv5 h] he>t to a poor compos]1 rema9$ true to him & became 8 wife4 ,?is 0 ! end ( h] art1 ?\gh critics claim$ h] sup]ior to ,taglioni & ,elssl]4 ,by #ahdg ! ,russian ballet _h tak5 a lead+ place 9 ,europe1 b 9 a purely arti/ic s5se x 0 /ill =eign 9 "*1 ! librettos be+ built ma9ly on =eign !mes or con/ruct$ to =eign music4 ,) ! adv5t ( ! compos]s ,gl9ka1 ,d>gomijsky1 ,s](f1 ,balakireff & ,m\ssorgsky1 x 0 evid5t t ballet fac$ a re=m simil> to t :i* music _h und]gone4 ,! ballets ( ! old s*ool _h usually be5 divid$ into sev]al acts & figures1 ea* ( :i* _h entres & /rictly prescrib$ rules = us+ v>i\s ge/ures1 /eps1 etc41 9 c]ta9 places4 ,!y1 h[ev]1 fail$ to def9e ! relation ( emotion & act+ to ! plot & made danc+ a complicat$ artificial salon-plant4 ,an un9itiat$ logic c\ld h>dly grasp ! hi]oglyphic mean+ ( all ! que] gymna/ic tricks4 ,) ! engagem5t ( ,m>ius ,petipa1 9 #ahdi1 !re came a *ange4 ,al?\gh a ,fr5*man by bir? ,petipa 0 j su* a re=m] 9 ! ballet z ,mi*elangelo 0 9 sculpture4 ,m p[]ful ?an any o!r ma/]1 he ent]$ ! sph]e ( *oreographic art1 trans=m+ x completely1 & assign+ x new limits4 ,petipa 0 ! ma/] ( a new ballet1 an ideali/ 9 ! /ricte/ s5se ( ! ^w4 ,he s\ght = a univ]sally available expression1 & (t5 ev5 ignor$ que/ions ( racial beauty4 ,he gave himself up = _m ye>s to an anatomical /udy ( ! dance & ! human body4 ,by him ! human =m 9 all its maje/y 0 valu$ = its own sake4 ,to exhibit x 9 all conceivable attitudes & poses1 to display x freely & gr&ly aft] ! pr9ciples ( classic beauty1 0 ! aim ( 8 endeavor4 ,! weak decad5t movem5ts & ! =c$ =ms ( ! ,p>is & ,milan s*ools 7 irritable to 8 broad views ( ! art ( danc+4 ,unfett]$ subjectivity prevail$ 9 8 ef=ts1 :i* admitt$ no objective realism 9 _! absolute sway4 ,all 8 me?od betrays an et]nal /ruggle to introduce into danc+ ! mo/ sublime ideas1 ! sway ( idea ov] =m4 ,:e!r a figure 0 natural or n int]e/$ him little1 if x only express$ :at 0 float+ be=e 8 m9d4 ,petipa infus$ a new life into ,russian ballet4 ,nev]!less he c\ld n :olly free himself f ! mann]ism ( ! "t1 nor c\ld he yet f9d ! pa? to p]fect purity & navet ( conception4 ,petipa surr\nd$ himself ) ! be/ dance au?orities ( ! "t4 ,felix ,k%es9sky1 ,leggatt1 ,s*irjajeff & ,bekeffy became 8 associates 9 ! task he _h und]tak54 ,cop]at+ 9 h>mony & inspir$ by ! new t5d5cy ( nationalism 9 music & drama1 !y made ! ballet typically national by introduc+ a long rep]toire ( national !mes 9 ! dance4 ,) pretty ,k%es9skaya1 ,bogdanova1 ,breobra%5skaya1 ,sokolova1 ,pavlova1 ,k>sav9a1 ,lopokova & ,fok9a z ! prima ball]9as _m new ballets became ?rill+ novelties to ! ,russian audi5ces4 ,! ballet 9 ! eyes ( ! ,petipa s*ool became a mute drama ) music1 & at once took a high position arti/ically & poetically4 ,p grew to f9d ! ballet f> m allur+ ?an ! pessimi/ic drama4 ,:at ,petipa did p$agogically = ! uplift+ ( ! ,russian ballet1 ,vsevolo%ky did sc5ically & indu/rially4 ,vsevolo%ky made himself ! _s ( ! nationali/ic movem5t by comb9+ ) ! purely *oreographic "p ! creations ( ! new s*ool ( pa9t]s & compos]s 9 a highly arti/ic mann]4 ,rub9/e91 ,ts*aik[sky1 ,rimsky-,korsak(f1 ,ar5sky & ,glaz\n(f 9 music1 ,bilib91 ,b5ois & ,bak/ 9 pa9t+1 contribut$ _! be/ works to ! ballet4 ,on ! o!r h&1 :ile ! ,we/ ,european ballets c>$ little = tra9+ ! male danc]s1 ! ,russians laid a special /ress on tra9+ an equal numb] ( boys ) ! girls 9 all _! ballet s*ools4 ,! tra9+ ( a boy is diff]5t f t ( a girl 9 t x tea*es *iefly ^? traits t l5d virility & /r5g? to expression4 ,a weak mascul9e elem5t deprives ! ballet ( its natural effect4 ,a ,pavlova1 ,k>sav9a or ,fok9a )\t a ,nij9sky1 ,mordk9 or ,vol991 w\ld be l an or*e/ra )\t ! bass4 ,h[ repulsive x is to see ! #8boy' danc] ( ! ,engli% /age1 :o is always a girl6 ,,iv ,! mo/ typical ( ! e>ly purely ,russian native ballets 0 ! ,sneg\rot*ka--#8,! ,sn[ ,maid5'--:i* 0 fir/ p]=m$ 9 #ahgf 9 ,mosc[4 ,ts*aik[sky took = 8 musical !mes half a doz5 folk-songs f ,brokun9's collection1 & a few f ! lips ( ! village p ne> ,kieff4 ,?is ballet has be5 ( ! greate/ success on ! ,russian /age ?us f>4 ,?is is musically & *oreographically a dramatiz$ fairy tale4 ,! ,sn[ ,maid5 is ! issue ( ! union ( ! gladsome fairy1 ,spr+1 ) ! grim old g5i1 ,w9t]4 ,! fa!r jeal\sly gu>ds h] f ! c\rt+ ,sun-,god1 :o is eag] to p\r ^u h] 8 scor*+ & de/ructive rays4 ,w9t] w\ld l to keep h] 9 ! =e/1 b ! "m1 pr\d ( h] *ild's beauty1 wants to s5d h] into ! busy _w to *>m its inhabitants4 ,aft] a s]i\s conflict ( ! p>5ts ! fa!r yields4 ,! girl feels ! /range emotions ( love & trembles1 s++ a ?rill+ melody4 ,%e w&]s f village to village 9 se>* ( a lov]1 b h] num]\s admir]s are unable to /ir h] he>t1 because sn[ circulates ?r\gh h] ve9s4 ,%e realizes t %e is void ( real passion4 ,spr+ appe>s to h] & end[s h] ) ! t5d]ness ( a lily1 ! languor ( a poppy & ! desire ( a rose4 ,! ,sn[ ,maid5's he>t is t\*$ at la/1 b 9 ! mom5t :5 %e wi%es to fall on h] lov]'s neck a brilliant sun ray p\rs its ,summ] heat on h]4 ,%e dissolves 9 vapor & floats into ! skies4 ,! score is :olly ,russian 9 mood & color4 ,! dramatic treatm5t ( ! subject is ! be/ t ,ts*aik[sky has ev] done4 ,! ,sn[ ,maid5's !me is v sad & beautiful 9 ! la/ movem5t4 ,! pantomime & /eps are excell5t1 & seem to melt into "o magic :ole4 ,ts*aik[sky1 ) 8 peculi> g5ius = evolv+ float+1 curv+ dance rhy?ms & 8 rem>kable gift = lyrical *>act]ization1 made #8,! ,sn[ ,maid5' a great success4 ,( less success 0 ,ts*aik[sky's second ballet1 #8,swan ,lake1' ?\gh x has be5 9 rec5t ye>s a favorite ballet ) ! ,petrograd audi5ces4 ,l ! fir/1 x 0 built on a fairy tale & an old folk leg5d !me4 ,x 0 p]=m$ 9 #ahgf4 ,ano!r ballet full ( imag9>y episodes & pretty music is #8,! ,sleep+ ,beauty4' ,! f9e/ pages ( ?is score are f\nd 9 ! ,adagio mi/]ioso1 describ+ ! sleep ( ! pr9cess4 ,b *oreographically ! be/ "p is ! ,pas d'action1 9 :i* ! prima ball]9a seems to melt into "o audio-visible beauty t ?rills ! utmo/ dep?s ( ! s\l4 ,! #8,nut ,crack]' has _h less success ?an ! o!rs1 yet x is a magnific5t "w ( art4 ,x probably lacks ! fem99e s5tim5tality t is always sure ( a /age success4 ,to our k none ( ,ts*aik[sky's ballets has be5 giv5 9 ,am]ica4 ,:e!r ! ,diaghileff company ev] gave any ( !m 9 ,p>is & ,london1 we h be5 unable to le>n4 ,! ,russian ballets t ! =eign audi5ces h ?us f> se5 abroad1 are ne>ly )\t exception musical pat*-works4 ,nei!r ! ,rimsky-,korsak(f ,s*eh]ezade nor ,pr9ce ,igor nor ,cleopatra 0 ev] writt5 = danc+4 ,! ,s*eh]ezade1 = in/ance1 is an or*e/ral suite ( ,rimsky-,korsak(f4 ,he nev] meant x = a ballet4 ,( all ! real ballets t ! ,diaghileff tr\pe has giv5 only ^? compos$ by ,/rav9sky & a few by ,t*]epn9 are meant to be danc$4 ,among ! be/ ,russian ballet danc]s ( ! /rictly classic or1 z we %\ld say1 ( ! ,petipa s*ool1 are ,k%es9skaya1 ,breobra%5skaya1 ,geltz]1 ,pavlova1 ,mordk91 ,novik(f1 ,vol991 ,kya%t & ,lopokova1 mo/ ( :om are kn[n abroad4 ,b !re are q a numb] ( ,russian prima ball]9as1 :o1 = "s reason or o!r1 h n be5 able to display _! art abroad1 yet :o rival ! be/ we "k4 ,z ) o!r arti/s1 danc]s all h _! individual traits ( sup]iority & weakness4 ,9 "s dances we h se5 ,k%es9skaya sup]ior to all ! re/1 9 o!r rles %e is j a m$iocrity4 ,we c imag9e no?+ m inspir+ & beautiful ?an ,pavlova & ,mordk9 9 ,glaz\n(f's ,l',autmne ,bac*anale4 ,no ,russian ballet danc]s h surpass$ !m 9 ?is4 ,9 ! same way we consid] ,pavlova a goddess ( grace & beauty 9 ,drigo's ,papillon & ,sa9t-,sans' #8,! ,swan4' ,we measure h] "o ( ! mo/ lyric arti/s ( ! ,russian classic ballet4 ,mme4 ,pavlova is a graduate ( ! ,petrograd ,ballet ,s*ool & 0 = ye>s a prima ball]9a at ! ,m>i5sky ,!atre 9 t city be=e %e made a t\r to ,riga1 ,w>saw & ,hels+=s4 ,hav+ be5 receiv$ ) greate/ en?usiasm on h] prov9cial t\r %e decid$ to try h] luck abroad & made h] ,london db 9 #aiaj1 :]e %e imm$iately _h ! city at h] feet4 ,x is only 9 rec5t ye>s t ,pavlova has danc$ 9 h] own regul> ballet1 :]eas be=e %e appe>$ exclusively 9 solo dances1 ei!r ) ,mordk91 ,novik(f or ,vol994 ,9 our judgm5t %e has n add$ any?+ to h] reputation or success by h] pat*y ballet1 p>ticul>ly 9 ,am]ica1 :]e ! public is lea/ impress$ by pantomimic art ( ! k9d !y c see ) m advantage 9 ! mov+-picture %[4 ,x is ,pavlova's art t ! p admire1 n ! ballets t are concoct$ = h]4 ,x mu/ be said t ! ballets rec5tly produc$ by h] possess little dramatic or *oreographic appeal4 ,9 que/ions p]ta9+ to h] danc+ ,pavlova has be5 broad & tol]ant1 & has li/5$ quietly to e eulogi/ic or critical rem>k4 ,%e has n rema9$ indiff]5t to ! late/ *oreographic movem5ts b has adapt$ h]self to _m sugge/ions1 p>ticul>ly to ^? ( ! movem5t ( ! naturali/ic s*ool ( ,isadora ,duncan4 ,9 spite ( ! gr[+ influ5ce ( ! revolution>y new ballet ( ! ,fok9e-,diaghileff gr\p1 & :ile keep+ 9 view ! *ang+ ta/e & requirem5ts ( ! public1 ,pavlova %\ld1 we believe1 gu>d aga9/ too great a compromise4 ,%e surpasses 9 h] magic swiftness1 delicacy1 bird-l agility1 float+ grace & lyric pir\ettes all h] liv+ rivals4 ,"o c see t %e has tun$ h] body to ! mo/ delicate pianissimi & ! mo/ p[]ful =ti4 ,b :5 %e attempts to use h] arms too conspicu\sly1 or produce ,greek poses1 %e is a disappo9t+ failure4 ,we mu/ admit ) an ,engli% critic t #89 ,pavlova's danc+ we are no long] aw>e ( ! consci\s & pa9ful ob$i5ce ( ! body to ! dictates ( a gov]n+ m9d4 ,x is z ?\gh ! _s itself _h left its c5tral citadel &1 by "s unwont$ al*emy becom+ dissolv$ 9 ! blood & fibres ( h] be+1 _h p5etrat$ to ! extremities ( ! limbs4 ,s\l f body is no long] di/+ui%able1 & :i* is s]vant to ! o!r none c tell4' ,mordk9 & ,vol99 /& by no means beyond ! dynamic beauty ( ,pavlova4 ,9 _! virilly graceful ge/ures & poses lies some?+ h]oic & /rong1 some?+ bea/-l 9 its beauty4 ,mordk9 p]haps m ?an ,vol99 is end[$ ) a robu/1 massive & spl5did physique1 qualities :i* leave "s ( 8 less critical admir]s bl9d to ! defici5cies ( 8 art4 ,bo? danc]s h acquir$ mo/ ( _! pliancy & manl9ess by a c\rse ( sy/ematic & rigor\s tra9+ :i* gives to _! dance an unusual ab&on & l(t9ess4 ,_! danc+ has a t5d5cy to give a semblance ( repose to _! quicke/ motions4 ,!y seem to avoid ! conv5tional :irls & pivots ) int5tion1 & to pref] ! lion-l leaps & *asses4 ,_! reckless sw+ 9 ,l',autmne ,bac*anale is j z mu* an expression ( manly vigor z ,pavlova's pir\ette & rond de jambe is "o ( fem99e grace4 ,! ranks ( ! ,russian ballet danc]s are ( a peculi> bureaucratic ord]1 beg9n+ ) ! simple danseuse & end+ ) ! prima ball]9a1 :i* is a rank simil> 9 ! hi]>*y to t ( a full g5]al4 ,lydia ,kya%t1 = in/ance1 is a lieut5ant 9 h] rank ( premire sujet4 ,pavlova & ,k>sav9a are ball]9as1 :ile only ,k%es9skaya & ,breobra%5skaya are prima ball]9as4 ,among ! ,russian danc]s kn[n abroad1 ,lydia ,kya%t & ,lydia ,lopokova are next to ,pavlova brilliant expon5ts ( ! ,russian classic or s call$ #8,old ,ballet4' ,!y h bo? impress$ u z s9c]e & eloqu5t arti/s ( _! s*ool1 ! "o romantic1 ! o!r extremely poetic4 ,! e!real twi/s & glides ( ,lopokova surpass by f> ^? ( ,pavlova 9 _! peculi> fairy-l l9es & poses4 ,kya%t appeals to u imm5sely on acc\nt ( h] absolutely classic pla/ic & en*ant+ poses1 :i* add an exotic air to h] en*ant+ expressions4 ,9 introduc+ ,pavlova1 ,mordk9 & o!r m or less prom95t expon5ts ( ! ,russian classic ballet to ,am]ica & ,engl& ,max ,rab9(f has be5 ! practical _s beh9d ! sc5es4 ,an au?ority on ! dance1 ,mr4 ,rab9(f _h ! conviction1 ev5 :5 ! ,russian danc]s 7 yet unkn[n 9 ,am]ica1 t !y w\ld ultimately triumph z !y did4 ,to 8 p]si/5t ef=ts ! ,russian ballet owes its success 9 ,am]ica4 ,! classic ,russian ballet is a pure ,byzant9e piece ( /age art4 ,x mirrors ! biz>re gl[ & colors ( ! ca!drals1 ! my/ic romanticism ( ! ,kreml9 walls & cupolas1 ! ,t>t> m9>ets1 ! vault$ t]emas 7,boy> h\ses71 ! lonely /eppes1 ! gloomy p5al colonies1 ! luxuri\s palaces & twi/$ t[]s ( a semi-,ori5tal c\ntry4 ,/rongly replete ) ! "* ( ! pass+ ,boy> life1 x is an era 9 itself4 ,,*apt] ,,xv ,,! ,,era ,,( ,,deg5]ation ,n9ete5? c5tury decad5ce2 s5sationalism--,loie ,full] & ! ,s]p5t9e dance--,l\ise ,web]1 ,lottie ,coll9s & o!rs4 ,dur+ ! la/ half ( ! n9ete5? c5tury ! art ( danc+ rea*$ su* a l[ level t ,max ,nordau said3 #8,x is a fleet+ pa/ime = wom5 & y\?s1 & lat] on its la/ atavi/ic survival w be ! danc+ ( *ildr54' ,an ,engli% writ] ( t "t wrote aptly3 #8,9 ^! days ( culture1 :5 ! public m9d is be+ tra9$ to p]ceive & appreciate :atev] is lovely 9 nature & art1 :5 music is univ]sally /udi$1 :5 !re is ample evid5ce ( g5]al improvem5t 9 ta/e & design 9 our /reets1 our build+s1 on ! walls & 9 ! furniture ( our homes1 is x n /range t a s+le art1 "o :i* 0 9 classic times deem$ wor?y to rank ) poetry & pa9t+--! art ( danc+--has deg5]at$ to su* an ext5t t its practice1 z frequ5tly exhibit$ bo? 9 public & 9 private1 is a positive disgrace to ! age8 ,?is is no exagg]at$ /atem5t4 ,x is "o :i* ,i ?9k any compet5t critic is h>dly likely to d5y4' ,! ,skirt ,dance1 ! ,s]p5t9e ,dance1 ! ,high ,kick]s1 ! ,nude ,bayad]es 7 ! s5sations ( ! day4 ,"h ,lottie ,coll9s1 !re ,loie ,full]1 n[ ,letti ,l9d1 !n aga9 ,connie ,gil*ri/1 figur$ z ! greate/ dance attractions ( ! day4 ,london blam$ ,p>is1 ,p>is blam$ ,new ,york4 ,h[ mu* ! craze = su* an art _h ca/ its spell on ! public ( t p]iod is be/ illu/rat$ by ! imm5se sums ( money t ! !atrical manag]s paid = _! %[s4 ,! gross receipts dur+ "o season 9 ,new ,york ( #8,humpty ,dumpty1' a celebrat$ ballet ( t "t1 am\nt$ to #a1djf1jjj4 ,x br\ght 9 a simil> sum1 if n m1 outside4 ,i ,a brilliant /> ( ! s5sational s*ool ( danc+ 0 ,loie ,full]1 ( ,*icago4 ,%e made h] ,new ,york db 9 #8,jack ,%epp>d1' ) a sal>y ( sev5ty-five doll>s a week4 ,:ile rehe>s+ a new play1 %e receiv$ f an ,engli% (fic] a pres5t ( an extremely f9e ,ori5tal robe t float$ gracefully 9 ! air4 ,?is gave h] ! idea ( us+ x = h] danc+4 ,:ile mak+ "s exp]im5ts be=e ! mirror1 %e notic$ ! effects br\ght ab\t by ! !n newly inv5t$ electric light4 ,%e tri$ innum]able v>iations ( poses & all 7 delightful4 ,?is 0 ! bir? process ( ! ,s]p5t9e ,dance4 ,j4 ,e4 ,craw=d ,flit* writes ( ! incid5t3 #8,! inv5tion ( ! ,s]p5t9e ,dance co9cid$ ) ! discov]y ( electricity z a me?od ( light+ ! /age4 ,until t "t gas alone _h be5 us$4 ,loie ,full] imm$iately saw ! possibilities ( ! new sci5tific illum9ation1 & ) ! aid ( a few fri5ds %e devis$ a means by :i* ! effect ( ! vivid sun%9e c\ld be obta9$ ?r\gh ! use ( p[]ful electric lights plac$ 9 front ( reflectors4 ,!n v>i\s exp]im5ts ) color 7 tri$2 = ! :ite light ( electricity 7 sub/itut$ diff]5t %ades ( r$s1 gre5s1 purples1 yell[s1 blues1 by ! comb9ations ( :i* innum]able & wond]ful ra9b[-l effects ( color 7 obta9$4 ,play$ ^u by ! multitud9\s hues1 ! diaphan\s silk gave an impression ( />tl+ orig9ality & beauty4 ,com+ at ! "t :5 ! arti/ic light+ ( ! /age 0 sc>cely /udi$ at all1 ! riot ( color creat$ a s5sation4 ,no?+ l x _h be5 se5 be=e4 ,! old-fa%ion$ limelight1 ! flick]+ gas-jets1 ! smok+ r$ & blue flames de> to ! ,*ri/mas pantomime1 pal$ be=e ?is discov]y ( sci5ce :i* app>5tly possess$ inexhau/ible possibilities ( a /age illum9ant4' ,loie ,full] made a s5sation 9 ,am]ica1 p>ticul>ly 9 ,new ,york & ,*icago4 ,b h] success 0 mu* great] :5 %e gave spectacul> p]=mances to ! morbid ,b]l91 ,p>is & ,london audi5ces4 ,h] db at ,folies ,b]gres 0 m ?an a triumph4 ,%e became ! rage ( ,france4 ,! managem5t ( ! ,folies ,b]gres engag$ h] = ?ree ye>s at a sal>y ( "o ?\s& doll>s a week4 ,h[ greatly #8,la ,loie1' z %e 0 call$ 9 ,p>is1 impress$ ! ,fr5* audi5ces is be/ to be se5 9 :at "o ( ! ,fr5* critics writes ( h]3 #8,we %all n easily =get ! ,s]p5t9e ,dance1 undulat+ & lum9\s1 full ( weird grace & orig9ality1 a v]itable revelation6 ,by means ( a novel contrivance1 ! gauzy iridesc5t drap]ies 9 :i* ,loie ,full] swa!s h]self 7 wav$ ab\t h]1 n[ to =m huge w+s1 n[ to surge 9 great cl\ds ( gold1 blue1 or crimson1 "u ! color$ rays ( ! electric light4 ,& 9 ! flood ( ?is dazzl+ or pallid light ! =m ( ! danc] sudd5ly became inc&esc5t1 or mov$ sl[ly & spectrally 9 ! diaphan\s & ev]-*ang+ coloration ca/ ^u x4 ,! spectator nev] we>i$ ( wat*+ ! trans=mations ( ^! tissues ( liv+ light1 :i* %[$ 9 successive visions ! dreamy danc]1 mov+ languidly 9 a *aos ( figur$ drap]ies--9 a ra9b[ ( brilliant colors or a sea ( vivid flames4 ,& aft] hav+ r\s$ u to a pit* ( en?usiasm by ?is lum9\s *oreography1 %e appe>$ triumphant 9 ! pantomime-ballet ,salome1 reproduc+ ! gloomy episode ( ! dea? ( ,john ! ,bapti/4' ,among ! dances t ,loie ,full] _h 9 h] rep]toire1 besides ! ,s]p5t9e ,dance1 7 ! ,ra9b[ ,dance1 ! ,fl[] ,dance1 ! ,butt]fly ,dance1 ! ,mirror ,dance1 & ! ,fire ,dance4 ,x is only natural t all h] dances ( ?is k9d made necess>y a va/ p>aph]nalia ( accessories & an army ( assi/ants4 ,! ,fire ,dance %e p]=m$ 9 ! c5tre ( a d>k5$ /age be=e an op5+ 9 ! floor ?r\gh :i* a p[]ful electric reflector ?rew up int5sely brilliant rays4 ,none ( h] dances _h any classifi$ /eps1 any poses1 ge/ures ( ! k9d employ$ by danc]s ( v>i\s o!r s*ools & diff]5t ages4 ,! function ( ! limbs & arms 0 m]ely to put veils & drap]ies into motion4 ,,ii ,( some:at ! same class 7 ! ent]ta9m5ts giv5 by ,l\ise ,web] or #8,la ,g\lu1' ano!r ,am]ican girl ( ! type ( ,loie ,full]4 ,occasionally %e exhibit$ "s skill 9 h] kick+ sc5es4 ,x is said t %e nev] made pret5sion to rhy?m & grace4 ,h] #8art' 0 a negation ( e beauty4 ,x 0 a fr5zi$ deliri\s gymna/ic4 ,an ,am]ican critic says t h] legs 7 agitat$ l ^? ( a m>ionette1 !y paw$ ! air1 j]k$ out 9 ! mann] ( a pump-h&le1 & m5ac$ ! hats ( ! spectators4 ,lottie ,coll9s 0 a favorite ( ! ,engli%1 ,fr5* & ,am]ican audi5ces1 ?\gh %e 0 little m ?an a jump] ( a new /yle4 ,! wat*word ( ! ballet habitus ( ?is "t 0 novelty at any price4 ,x is extremely amus+ to read a ,kansas ,city criticism ( ,miss ,coll9s' p]=mance 9 t city3 #8,lottie ,coll9s has ! /age all to h]self & %e b\nces & dances & races all ov] x 9 ! mo/ reckless & irresponsible way1 precisely z if %e 7 a happy *ild s full ( heal? & spirits t %e c\ldn't keep /ill if %e want$ to4 ,sometimes %e simply runs headlong all ! way r\nd ! /age1 f9i%+ ! lap ) p]haps a swift :irl or two1 or a :isk & kick4 ,sometimes %e simply jumps & b\nces1 & sometimes %e d\bles up l a p5-knife ) ! sudd5ness ( a spr+lock to emphasize ! 8boom40 ,%e is inv>iably 9 motion except :5 %e /ops to *ant ! gibb]i% t passes = v]ses1 b ! wond] is t %e has brea? en\gh to s+ aft] ! fir/ cyclonic int]lude4' ,/ill m debas$ 7 ! p]=mances ( ,olga ,desmond1 ,villiani & o!rs1 :o made erotic ge/ures & nude dances a fad ( _m ,european capitals4 ,! argum5t ( ^! danc]s 0 t danc+1 l sculpture1 is pr$om9antly an art ( nudes4 ,only ! nak$ body c\ld %[ ! p]fect pla/ic l9es & graceful poses4 ,!y /rove to dance sl[ music1 sonatas & symphonic poems1 9 ord] to display ! effects ( c]ta9 pretty poses & arabesques4 ,!y put a special /ress ^u ! rhy?m1 b _! int]pretation 0 morbidly p]v]se4 ,! be/ figure ( ?is decad5t s*ool ( danc+ 0 ,kate ,vaughan1 :o /rove to foll[ ! /yle & mann]s ( ,taglioni's dance4 ,b ! s5sation & novelty-lov+ public ( ,engl& f\nd h] art too tame & old-fa%ion$1 s %e di$ 9 pov]ty & brok5 heal? 9 ,s\? ,africa4 ,mr4 ,craw=d ,flit* says ( h]3 #8,al?\gh ( c\rse %e nev] rea*$ ! p]fection ( h] pr$ecessor ,taglioni1 x 0 to h] c>eful tra9+ 9 ! s*ool ( ! ballet t %e ow$ ! ease & grace ( h] movem5ts & ! wond]ful effect ( spontaneity ) :i* %e accompli%$ ev5 ! mo/ difficult /eps4 ,%e danc$ n only ) h] feet1 b ) e limb ( h] frail body4 ,%e dep5d$ n m]ely ^u ! manipulation ( ! skirt = h] effect1 b ^u h] facility ( balance & ! skillful use ( arms & h&s4 ,h] &ante movem5ts 9 p>ticul> 7 a glori\s union ( maje/y & grace4 ,x is true t %e condesc5d$ at times to introduce into h] dance "s ( ^? hide\s /eps :i* vulg>iz$ ! danc+ ( ! p]iod--9 p>ticul> t kn[n z ! 8high kick02 b ev5 ?is unpleasant /ep %e accompli%$ ) a c]ta9 s5se ( elegance & ref9em5t :i* disguis$ its ess5tial ugl9ess & sugge/ion ( contortion4 ,%e danc$ ) a di/9ct inspiration1 & ^u h] /yle 0 built up all t 0 be/ 9 ! danc+ ( h] "t4' ,?is new dance hy/]ia seem$ to be ( an epidemic nature4 ,! vogue = crude & s5sational dances held ! :ole we/]n _w = ne>ly half a c5tury 9 its iron grip4 ,) ! exception ( ,sc&9avia & ,russia1 all ,europe & ,am]ica 7 affect$ by a decad5t dance ta/e4 ,novelty 0 reckon$ f> sup]ior to beauty4 ,clev]ness 0 plac$ high above tal5t & g5ius4 ,x 0 seem+ly a prelude to a subsequ5t effem9acy t 0 to spread ov] ,occid5tal art & life4 ,,*apt] ,,xvi ,,! ,,naturali/ic ,,s*ool ,,( ,,danc+ ,! #8return to nature'2 ,isadora ,duncan--,duncan's influ5ce3 ,maud ,allan2 ,duncan's ,g]man foll[]s--,mod]n music & ! dance2 ! ,russian naturali/s2 ,glire's #8,*risis'--,pictorial nationalism3 ,ru? ,/4 ,d5is--,mod]n ,spani% danc]s2 ramifications ( ! naturali/ic idea4 ,i ,dur+ ! la/ "p ( ! pa/ & ! beg9n+ ( ! pres5t c5tury1 :5 ! outside _w 0 ignorant ( ! exi/5ce ( ! ,russian ballet1 circles ( m s]i\s-m9d$ /ud5ts ( art began to voice prote/ aga9/ ! cult ( skirt & fire danc]s1 jongleurs & kick]s1 & ! "t 0 ripe = any movem5t t w\ld br+ relief f ! prevail+ det]ioration ( su* a noble art z danc+4 ,ev5 ! g5]al public grew bor$ ( acrobatic p]=mances & z dur+ e p]iod ( decad5ce #8!re 7 a few tea*]s :o consi/5tly resolv$ to imp>t to _! pupils only :at 0 good & beautiful 9 danc+1 ^: voices1 feeble z !y s\nd$1 7 nev]!less /rong en\gh to c>ry weight & rescue _! art f ! deplorable condition into :i* x _h = ! "t fall51' z a danc+ critic ( t "t aptly writes4 ,"o ( ! mo/ ard5t advocates ( a new classic art ( danc+ dur+ ?is "t 0 ,mrs4 ,ri*>d ,hovey4 ,9 all h] tea*+ & prea*+ ,mrs4 ,hovey bas$ ! pr9ciples ( ! prospective /yle ^u ! pla/ic art ( ! anci5t ,greeks4 ,%e made a vigor\s propag&a = ?is 9 ,new ,york1 ,bo/on & ,cali=nia4 ,:e!r directly or indirectly ,miss ,isadora ,duncan1 :o _h be5 int]e/$ 9 initiat+ a re=m ( human life 9 its lea/ details ( co/ume1 ( hygi5e & ( morals1 felt ! impulse ( ,mrs4 ,hovey's propag&a & jo9$ ! wor?y movem5t4 ,! fundam5tal pr9ciple ( ,mrs4 ,hovey's propag&a 0 ! return to nature4 ,accord+ to ! !ory ( ?is new movem5t1 danc+ 0 decl>$ an expression ( nature4 ,wat]1 w9d1 birds & all =ces ( nature are subject to a law ( rhy?m & gravity4 ,n ! tricky1 brok5 l9es1 sp9n+ :irls & toe gymna/ics1 b s(t1 curv$ undulations ( nature1 are close to ,"m ,e>?4 ,?us also man 9 8 normal life & savage /ate1 mov$ r 9 sl[ curves ?an 9 quick brok5 l9es4 ,?is1 briefly1 0 ! pr9cipal argum5t ( ! few re=m]s :o inspir$ ,miss ,duncan4 ,already ,nov]re & ,petipa _h emphasiz$ ! fact t anci5t ,greek sculpture & ,greek designs gave ! be/ ideas ( graceful l9es & pleas+ human =ms4 ,b ! vot>ies ( ! new s*ool expla9$ t 9 a return to ! natural ge/ure ( human life ,greek art 0 ! only logical crit]ion4 ,miss ,duncan 9 h] essay1 #8,! ,dance1' says3 #8,to seek 9 nature ! faire/ =ms & to f9d ! movem5t :i* expresses ! s\l ( ^! =ms--?is is ! art ( ! danc]4 ,x is f nature alone t ! danc] mu/ draw 8 inspirations1 9 ! same mann] z ! sculptor1 ) :om he has s _m aff9ities4 ,rod9 has said3 8,to produce good sculpture x is n necess>y to copy ! works ( antiquity2 x is necess>y fir/ ( all to reg>d ! works ( nature1 & to see 9 ^? ( ! classics only ! me?od by :i* !y h int]pret$ nature40 ,rod9 is "r2 & 9 my art ,i h by no means copi$1 z has be5 suppos$1 ! figures ( ,greek vases1 friezes & pa9t+s4 ,f !m ,i h le>n$ to reg>d nature1 & :5 c]ta9 ( my movem5ts recall ! ge/ures t are se5 9 works ( art1 x is only because1 l !m1 !y are drawn f ! gr& natural s\rce4 #8,my inspiration has be5 drawn f trees1 f waves1 f cl\ds1 f ! sympa?ies t exi/ betwe5 passion & ! /orm1 betwe5 g5tl5ess & ! s(t breeze1 & ! l1 & ,i always endeavor to put into my movem5ts a little ( t div9e cont9uity :i* gives to ! :ole ( nature its beauty & its life4' ,?us ,miss ,duncan />t$ h] c>e] by int]pret+ natural qualities by means ( natural movem5ts4 #8,i h closely /udi$ ! figur$ docum5ts ( all ages & ( all ! great ma/]s1 b ,i h nev] se5 9 !m any repres5tations ( human be+s walk+ on ! extremity ( ! toes or rais+ ! leg high] ?an ! head4 ,^! ugly & false positions 9 no way express t /ate ( unconsci\s ,dionysiac delirium :i* is necess>y to ! danc]4 ,moreov]1 movem5ts1 j l h>monies 9 music1 are n inv5t$2 !y are discov]$1' writes ,miss ,duncan4 ,to h] ! only mode ( danc+ is b>efoot4 ,accord+ to h] #8! danc] mu/ *oose above all ! movem5ts :i* express ! /r5g?1 ! heal?1 ! grace1 ! nobility1 ! languor or ! gravity ( liv+ ?+s4' ,gravity to ,miss ,duncan is natural & "r4 ,a ballet danc]1 a ,pavlova1 ,nij9sky & ,k>sav9a1 eag] to defy ! laws ( gravity1 is to h] a freak4 ,pr9ce ,s]ge ,volkhonsky1 :o has be5 a conspicu\s figure 9 ! ,russian dance re=m-movem5t1 writes ( ,miss ,duncan's s*ool 9 comp>ison ) t ( ,jacques-,dalcroze3 #8,h] dance is a result ( p]sonal temp]am5t1 8 movem5ts are ! result ( music2 %e draws f h]self1 he draws f rhy?m2 h] psy*ological basis is subjective2 8 rhy?mical basis is objective2 &1 9 ord] to *>act]ize h] 9 a few words1 ,i may say ,isadora is ! danc+ 8ego40 ,?is subjective psy*ological basis ( ,isadora's art ,i f9d cle>ly emphasiz$ by ,mr4 ,lev9sohn's words3 8,! images or moods 7,/immung57 creat$ 9 our m9d by ! rational elem5t--music--_c be id5tical ) e "o1 & !re=e _c be compulsory4 ,j 9 t dissimilitude ( moods & uncompulsor9ess ( images resides ! be/ crit]ion = ! appreciation ( ,isadora ,duncan z a f\nd] ( a sy/em4 ,h] dance is precisely n a sy/em1 _c f\nd :at is call$ a #8s*ool'2 x ne$s ano!r simil> #8ego' to repeat h]4 ,& accord+ to ?is x seems q incompreh5sible t "s p %\ld see 9 ,miss ,duncan's art #8a possibility = all ( u be+ beautiful4' ,no1 n at all = all ( u2 = n e temp]am5t1 :ile embody+ #8images or moods' call$ =? by music1 w necess>ily create some?+ beautiful2 "o _c raise ! exceptional into rule4 ,9 ord] to be c]ta9 ( creat+ some?+ beautiful1 no matt] :e!r 9 ! moral or ! /hetical doma91 x is n 9 ourselves t we %all f9d ! law1 b 9 subject+ ourselves to ano!r pr9ciple :i* lives outside ( ourselves4 ,= ! pla/ic 7*oreographic71 ?is pr9ciple is ,music4 ,x is n in/9ct express+ itself "u ! influ5ce ( music--:i* ) e man is diff]5t1 & only 9 few *os5 natures beautiful 9 itself--b ! rhy?m ( music1 :i* 9 e giv5 composition is an un*angeable elem5t subject+ our #8ego4' ,?is is ! basis ( liv+ pla/ic art4 ,& 9 ?is respect ,isadora's art satisfies ! d\ble exig5cies ( ! visible & ! audible art z little z ! ballet4 ,h] arms are c]ta9ly m rhy?mical ?an h] legs1 b z a :ole we _c call h] rhy?mical 9 ! /rict s5se ( ! ^w1 & ?is appe>s especially 9 ! sl[ movem5ts3 h] walk1 s to speak1 does n keep /ep ) music2 %e (t5 /eps on ! weak "p ( ! b> & (t5 betwe5 ! notes4 ,9 g5]al x is 9 ! examples ( sl[ tempo t ! insuffici5cy ( ! pr9ciple may be obs]v$4 ,! sl[] a tempo ! m %e #8mimics1' & ! f>!r1 !re=e1 %e /rays f ! music4 ,if we look at ! impression on ! spectators we %all see t all 9 ! paces ( ! quick tempos ! movem5t mu/ ent] into clos] connection ) ! music2 9 cases ( v m9ute divisions ( ! b> ! simple co9cid5ce ( ! /ep ) ! fir/ #8heavy' "p already produces a repeat$ design :i* makes e> & eye meet 9 "o common p]ception4 ,if ! repres5tatives ( t p>ticul> k9d ( dance 7 to realize ?is !y w\ld endeavor to introduce into sl[ tempos ! rhy?mical elem5t in/ead ( ! mimic1 :i* leads !m out ( ! music & conv]ts ! dance into a sort ( act+ dur+ ! music1 a sort ( pla/ic melo-declamation40' ,^! critics h po9t$ out ! subjective nature ( ,miss ,duncan's dance & h] impati5ce ( rules & =mal te*nique4 ,!y believe t because ( ^! two qualities ( h] art x _c be repeat$1 except by #8ano!r simil> ego4' ,b z if 9 direct answ] to ^! *>ges come ,miss ,duncan's pupils4 ,!y are by no means highly select$ mat]ial or #8simil> egos1' b ea* 7among ! m mature pupils7 is a beautiful & individual danc]4 ,to ea* %e has transmitt$ h] _s2 9 ea* %e has pres]v$ ! native p]sonality4 ,!y are ! be/ evid5ce ?us f> obta9$ ( ! tru? ( ,miss ,duncan's dictum ( ! #8possibility = all ( u be+ beautiful4' ,moreov] we mu/ n suppose t ,miss ,duncan's contempt = =mal te*nique is a contempt = te*nical ability4 ,%e h]self is a m>vell\sly pla/ic & exact danc]1 & %e dem&s1 ultimately1 no less ( h] pupils4 ,! limit$ range ( h] te*nique1 s (t5 compla9$ (1 is ! delib]ate result ( h] belief t ! only movem5ts prop] to ! dance are ! natural movem5ts ( ! human body4 ,%e /akes ! success ( h] art ^u ! proposition t ^! movem5ts alone are capable ( ! highe/ absolute & int]pretive beauty4 ,z to ! tru? ( ?is proposition ea* obs]v] mu/ judge = himself f ! results4 ,aga91 ,miss ,duncan does n always #8dance ! music' lit]ally1 note = note1 accord+ to ! !ory ( ! ,jacques-,dalcroze sy/em4 ,h] int]pretation is frankly emotional & subjective1 b x does n pret5d to transc5d ! music4 ,9 fur!r ju/ice to h] ef=ts we %\ld consid] ,isadora ,duncan z mu* a prophet ( a new movem5t1 z a danc] ( a new s*ool4 ,h] influ5ce has be5 m f>-rea*+ 9 ,russia ?an any:]e else4 ,%e practically br\ght ab\t a s]i\s revolution among ! ,russian danc]s1 ( :om we %all speak 9 ano!r *apt]4 ,%e influ5c$ ! art ( danc+ 9 ,g]many1 ,france1 ,italy & ,engl&4 ,%e 0 ! /rik+ contra/ to all ! det]iorat$ /age dances ( ! e>ly tw5tie? c5tury 9 ,am]ica4 ,%e has giv5 a p[]ful impulse to all dance re=ms by c\nt]act+ ! academic & "t-worn views4 ,%e is ! indirect motive ( ! ,diaghileff-,fok9e break ) ! old ,russian ballet & _! /riv+ = new rules & ideas 9 ! art ( danc+4 ,to h] is due ! gradual increase ( ref9$ ta/e & high] respect = ! /age dance4 ,p]sonally we h f\nd t h] dances fail$ to tell ! phonetic /ory ( ! music4 ,h] selection ( ! compositions ( ,gluck1 ,s*ub]t1 ,*op9 & ,bee?ov5 has n be5 uni=mly successful1 s9ce mo/ ( !m 7 nev] meant by ! compos] to be danc$4 ,compositions ( ?is k9d lack ! necess>y *oreographic episodes & (t5 ev5 ! pla/ic symbols4 ,no g5ius1 we believe1 c\ld visualize ! sl[ cad5ces & solemn images ( any symphonic music ( ^? ,g]man classics1 ^: works h be5 ! *oice ( ,miss ,duncan4 ,) a few exceptions1 su* z ! ,mom5ts ,musicals & "s o!r pieces1 we h nev] be5 able to grasp ! mean+ ( ! phonetopla/ic images ( ,isadora ,duncan's dances4 ,illu/ration3 ,duncan ,,ii ,x 0 only natural t ,miss ,duncan's laureat$ appe>ances 9 v>i\s ,european cities quickly f\nd foll[]s & imitators4 ,! be/ kn[n expon5t ( ,duncan's naturalism has be5 ,miss ,maud ,allan1 a tal5t$ ,canadian girl1 ^: danc+ 9 ,engl& has made h] a special favorite ( ! ,london audi5ces1 be=e :om %e fir/ appe>$ 9 #aijh4 ,h[ favorably %e 0 receiv$ by ! ,engli% audi5ces is evid5t f ! fact t ! late ,k+ ,edw>d invit$ h] to dance = him at ,m>i5bad4 ,l ,miss ,duncan1 ,maud ,allan has danc$ mo/ly b>efoot1 h] body slightly clo!d 9 a loose ,greek drap]y4 ,! mo/ s5sational 9 ,miss ,allan's rep]toire has be5 ! #8,vision ( ,salome1' compil$ f passages f ,ri*>d ,/rauss' op]a1 9 :i* %e has tri$ to give ! impression ( ! gha/ly ,biblical trag$y by means ( pla/ic pantomime & danc+4 ,among h] arti/ically successful dances has be5 ! ,grieg ,pe] ,gynt suite1 ( :i* ! ,london critics speak z ( #8a beautiful art ( transposition4' #8,! fai?fulness ) :i* h] movem5ts foll[ ! moods ( ! compos] is probably only fully realiz$ by ^? :o are musicians z well z connoisseurs ( dance4 ,h] translation ( music has n seldom ! r>e quality ( translations ( be+ f9] ?an ! orig9al1 & !re are n a few :o1 :5 !y he> aga91 unaccompani$1 ! music :i* h] danc+ has ennobl$1 w be consci\s ( a s5se ( incomplet5ess & loss1' writes an ,engli% dance au?ority ( h] art4 ,isadora ,duncan's naturalism has probably made ! mo/ p[]ful direct impression ^u ,g]man aspirants1 fir/1 ?r\gh ! s*ool ( danc+ ( ,isadora's si/]1 ,elisabe?1 & second1 ?r\gh ! pret5d$ appeal to ! moods by means ( classic ideals1 & yet requir+ comp>atively little te*nique4 ,assidu\sly z a ,g]man /ud5t w practice 9 ord] to acquire ! mo/ p]fect te*nique = be+ an arti/1 musician1 s+] or ar*itect1 he lacks ! pa9/ak+ p]si/5cy ( a ,russian1 ,hung>ian1 ,bohemian or ,spani>d 9 acquir+ a ?or\gh te*nique = 8 dance4 ,he is incl9$ to int]pret music by means ( ! mo/ easily acquir$ te*nique1 su* z seem+ly ! naturali/ic s*ool requires4 ,= ?is v reason1 ,miss ,duncan has be5 ! greate/ dance g5ius = ! ,g]mans1 z t is s cle>ly to be se5 9 ! excell5t "w ( ,br&5burg1 ,d] mod]ne ,tanz4 ,?is book f ! beg9n+ to ! end1 writt5 9 a f9e poetic prose1 is a eulogy ( ,duncan's naturalism1 & an elaborate display ( ! m9ute/ pretty moves ( ! ,g]man expon5ts ( ! movem5t4 ,among ! prais$ g5iuses ( ,br&5burg are ! si/]s ,wies5?al1 :o attract$ widespread att5tion 9 "s ( ,max ,re9h>dt's productions4 ,! si/]s ,wies5?al1 ,elsa & ,grete1 7 receiv$ ) unp>allel$ en?usiasm at home & 9 consequ5ce made a t\r abroad1 on :i* occasion "o ( !m danc$ 9 ,new ,york4 ,h[ little %e impress$ ! ,new ,york audi5ce1 c be judg$ f :at "o ( ! mo/ favorable critics wrote ( h] z hav+ #8a pretty flutt]+1 tott]+ m>ionette mann] ( h] own4' ,our impression is t ! si/]s ,wies5?al prov$ mo/ successful 9 ! qua9t1 nave & simple ensemble p]=mances :i* !y gave 9 ,g]many4 ,!y display$ "s excell5t rit>t&os & a few successful adagio figures4 ,"o c\ld see t _! /eps & arm twi/s 7 n a result ( sy/ematic /udies b ( spontane\s impulses1 s9ce 9 repetitions ( ! music !re 0 no sign ( a well tra9$ art1 ! w+-l arms ( ! fir/ phrase be+ arabesque-l 9 ! repetition1 etc4 ,!y %[$ t !y possess$ a poetic conception ( ! dance1 b fail$ to grasp & express its intr9sic mean+4 ,!y 7 r poets ?an danc]s1 r actresses ?an design]s 9 ! *oreographic s5se4 ,_! act+ (t5 int]f]$ ) danc+ & br\ght ab\t an unpleasant di%>mony ) ! musical rhy?m4 ,!y may h danc$ bett] on o!r occasions1 b :at a numb] ( imp>tial connoisseurs ( ! dance saw ( !m /amps !m z tal5t$ dilettantes r ?an accompli%$ arti/s ( a s*ool4 ,a girl :o enjoy$ a great reputation 9 ,vi5na1 ,muni* & 9 o!r ,g]man cities 9 ! fir/ decade ( ?is c5tury1 b ( :om 0 he>d no?+ lat]1 0 ,miss ,g]trude ,b>rison1 an ,anglo-,vi5nese4 ,h] art 0 m clev] & m 9 /yle ) ! pr9ciples ( ! naturali/ic ?an t ( ! si/]s ,wies5?al4 ,%e won ! e> ( ,au/ria = ! new message4 ,) a c]ta9 assurance 9 ! conviction ( h] individuality1 ,miss ,b>rison treat$ h] art ) fre$om & l(t9ess4 ,%e en=c$ h] p]sonality m ?an h] art ^u ! spectators1 & ?is 01 to a great ext5t1 ! secret ( h] ph5om5al success4 ,! be/ ( all ! ,g]man danc]s ( ?is c5tury ?us f> has be5 ,rita ,sac*etto1 a pretty ,bav>ian girl1 :o made h] db 9 ,muni*1 & 0 at once recogniz$ z an arti/ ( mu* tal5t4 ,?\gh ! ,b]l9 critics did n receive h] ) ! en?usiasm t !y _h %[n to ! ,wies5?als1 %e 0 by f> ! bigge/ arti/ ( all4 ,h] slight] recognition 0 possibly due to h] light] /yle ( "w & an unfavorable rep]toire1 lack+ 9 music t 0 ( timely importance4 ,?is )hold+ ( recognition has always be5 peculi> to ,b]l94 ,tir$ out by hundr$s ( aspir+ virtuosi & arti/s ( e description1 an av]age ,b]l9 critic1 l "o ( ,new ,york1 gr[s at ! end ( a season n]v\s 9 ! pres5ce ( ! va/ majority ( m$iocrities & press-ag5t$ celebrities1 s t he is likely to ignore or te> d[n ! s]i\s beg9n]1 if h] p]=mance co9cides ) 8 #8blue' moods4 ,?is is :at probably happ5$ to ,miss ,sac*etto4 ,! connoisseurs & au?orities ( o!r c\ntries :o h se5 h] dances speak ( !m 9 highe/ t]ms z pretty & exce$+ly graceful exhibitions ( poetic y\?ful s\l4 ,:at has become ( ,miss ,sac*etto lately ! writ] has be5 unable to le>n4 ,,iii ,?\gh none ( ! above m5tion$ danc]s ( ,g]many has pret5d$ to be a foll[] ( ,miss ,duncan1 yet all belong to ! new movem5t t 0 br\ght into be+ by h] p]si/5t ef=ts4 ,!y all defy ! pr9ciple ( ! classic ballet1 !y all pret5d to int]pret music 9 _! #8pla/ic art1' z !y h pref]r$ to t]m ! dance4 ,traditionally ! ,g]man music has be5 ei!r incl9$ to classic ab/raction1 or to /rictly op]atic l9es4 ,! spectacul> ballet ( ,ri*>d ,/rauss1 #8,! ,leg5d ( ,joseph1' belongs m to pantomimic pageantries ?an a class ( actual dance dramas1 ( :i* we %all speak 9 ano!r *apt]4 ,! music ( a =eign s*ool & race is always lack+ 9 t natural /imulat+ vigor t x gives to ^? :o are absolutely at home ) racial peculi>ities *oreographically4 ,9 ?is ! ,russians h be5 lately m =tunate ?an o!r nations4 ,a great numb] ( tal5t$ "y ,russian compos]s h writt5 an imm5se am\nt ( admirable dance music1 ballets & in/rum5tal compositions t c\ld be danc$4 ,!y h an outspok5 rhy?mic "*1 :i* is ! fir/ requirem5t ( ! dance4 ,9 ?is ! rec5t ,g]man compos]s h rema9$ beh9d ! ,russians4 ,! compositions ( ,ri*>d ,/rauss1 ,reg]1 ,s*nb]g & ! o!r di/+ui%$ musical ma/]s ( mod]n ,g]many (f] no?+ t w\ld inspire a new s*ool ( ! art ( danc+4 ,9 ! fir/ place !y lack ! in/9ct = rhy?m1 & 9 ! second1 !y lack ! pla/ic s5se s ess5tial = ! dance4 ,?is circum/ance has be5 mo/ detrim5tal to ^? ( ! "y ,g]man danc]s :o attempt$ to foll[ ! naturali/ic movem5t4 ,h[ mu* bett] ?an ! ,g]man ,duncanites h be5 ^? ( ,sc&9avia1 ,f9l& & ,france 9 ?is direction is difficult to say au!ntically1 ?\gh !y h _h ! advantage ov] ! ,g]mans1 ( hav+ at _! disposal ! works ( "s ( ! mo/ tal5t$ "y compos]s ( dance music4 ,grieg1 ,lange-,mll]1 ,sv5ds5 & _m o!rs h writt5 music ) /rong rhy?mic & *oreographic images4 ,b sup]ior to all ! ,sc&9avian compos]s1 9 ! mod]n dance music or music t c\ld be danc$1 are ! ,f9ns3 ,sibelius1 ,ja]nefelt1 ,mel>t91 ,m]ikanto & ,toiwo ,kuula4 ,_m ( ,sibelius's small] in/rum5tal compositions (f] excell5t !mes & music = danc+4 ,a few ( !m are real ma/]pieces ( _! k9d4 ,b ! ,f9ns h %[n up to ?is "t little int]e/ = ! mod]n dance movem5ts4 ,! ,danes1 ,sw$es & ,norwegians h be5 m affect$ by ! new ideas t are connect$ ) ! /age1 ?\gh none ( !m has %[n any m>k$ a*ievem5t t w\ld be kn[n 9 wid] circles4 ,ida ,santum1 a "y ,sc&9avian girl 9 ,new ,york1 has giv5 evid5ce ( "s graceful pla/ic =ms & idealiz$ folk-dances4 ,?us f> %e has n %[n any?+ /rik+ly appeal+ to ! audi5ces4 ,a9o ,akt's ,salome ,dances are purely op]atic & h no be>+ ^u our subject4 ,among ,engli% & ,am]ican girls :o h foll[$ ! foot/eps ( ,miss ,duncan are ,gw5dol9e ,val5t9e1 ,lady ,con/ance ,/ew>t-,ri*>dson1 ,beatrice ,irv91 & a numb] ( o!rs1 b ! writ] has be5 unable to ga!r any suffici5t data = critical argum5ts4 ,und\bt$ly ! mo/ tal5t$ danc] ( ! naturali/ic s*ool :om we h kn[n among ! ,russians is ,mlle4 ,sav9skaya ( ,mosc[4 ,9 p[] ( express+ dep? & subtlety ( dramatic emotions ,sav9skaya is supreme4 ,%e is an actress no less ?an a danc]4 ,h] conception ( naturali/ic danc+ is s deeply root$ 9 h] s\l & temp]am5t t x (t5 acts aga9/ ! pla/ic rules & grace1 (t5 display$ by ! danc]s = ! sake ( pleas+ effects4 ,miss ,duncan h]self /rives to create moods by means ( classic poses1 b ,sav9skaya's ideal is to express ! pla/ic =ms ( music 9 h] art4 ,%e is romantically dramatic1 m a trag$ian ?an any?+ else4 ,h] dance 9 ! graphically fasc9at+ ballet ,*risis by ,re9hold ,glire1 9 ,mosc[1 reveal$ h] z an arti/ ( ! fir/ rank1 & p]haps ! fir/ ?or\ghly tra9$ ,duncanite ^: te*nique & dramatic tal5t rival ) any ball]9a1 ( ! new s*ool or ! old4 ,probably ! lack ( suitable music has be5 ?us f> ! greate/ ob/acle 9 ! way ( ! naturali/ic danc]s1 ?\gh !y pret5d to f9d _! ideals 9 ! eighte5? & n9ete5? c5tury's classic compositions4 ,no d\bt "s ( ! old music c be aptly danc$1 su* z ! light in/rum5tal works ( ,grieg1 ,moz>t1 ,*op9 & ,s*umann1 b ! prop] music has yet to be compos$4 ,! phonetic ?9k+ ( pa/ music 0 involv$1 hazy 9 clos$ episodes & (t5 disconnect$ 9 /ructural =m4 ,!re is "o s+le !me ( a poem 9 a :ole symphony4 ,to illu/rate ?is pla/ically is a physical impossibility4 ,maud ,allan's & ,isadora ,duncan's attempts to dance symphonies ( ,bee?ov5 & o!r classic ideali/s h be5 mis]able failures4 ,^? :o pret5d to see 9 su* dances any beauty & idea1 are ignorant ( musical & *oreographic pr9ciples4 ,to our k ,re9hold ,glire1 ! g5ial "y ,russian compos] & director ( ! ,kieff ,symphony ,society1 is ! fir/ successful musical arti/ 9 ! field ( naturali/ic ballets4 ,8 ballet ,*risis1 bas$ on an ,egyptian /ory by ,pi]re ,l\is1 is a r>e ma/]piece 9 its l9e4 ,?\gh built on ! /yle ( ! conv5tional ballets1 its music is meant = naturali/ic int]pretation & lacks all ! pir\ette1 *asse1 & o!r semi-acrobatic ballet music =ms4 ,l ! pr9ciples laid d[n by ,dels>te & 8 foll[]s1 ,glire's music #8moves ) ! regul> rhy?m1 ! fre$om1 ! equipoise1 ( nature itself4' ,x has = ! mo/ "p a sl[ anci5t ,egyptian measure1 brea?+ ! air ( ! pleasant primitive era4 ,x sugge/s ! ev5 sw+ ( ! o>1 ! circul> sweep ( ! sl+1 ! rhy?mic ro> ( ! riv]1 & all su* images t exi/$ be=e our boa/$ civilization4 ,x gives a *ance = ! danc] ( ! naturali/ic s*ool to display pretty poses1 primitive ge/ures & #8s\nd' /eps4 ,l all ,glire's compositions ?is is exce$+ly lyric1 full ( *>m+ old melodies & curv$ movem5ts t occasionally call to m9d ,s*umann1 ,s*ub]t & ,*op94 ,! ballet beg9s ) ,*risis 9 ! maje/ic valley ( ! ,nile sp9n+ cotton on a sp9n+-:eel1 :i* %e /ops :5 a s(t music1 com+ f a f>-away temple1 comes to h] e>s4 ,x is ! music ( ! morn+-pray]4 ,%e prays1 danc+ to ! trees & ! cl\ds4 ,at ?is "t ,kise1 ano!r little maid51 is pass+ ) food = h] p>5ts & ,*risis calls h]4 ,!y dance toge!r & sp9 = a :ile4 ,!re is 9 ! backgr\nd a sacr$ tree4 ,*risis approa*es x 9 sl[ dance & utt]s h] secret wi%4 ,dur+ ?is "t ,kise meets on ! riv] %ore a bl9d musician c>ry+ a lyre4 ,he plays a gay dance to ! girls1 to :i* !y dance s exquisitely t phantom-l nymphs & fawns em]ge f ! riv]1 & /op to wat*4 ,f9ally a %eph]d1 :o has be5 look+ on f ! top ( ! hill1 becomes int]e/$ 9 ! dance & makes fri5ds ) ! girls4 ,!re ensues a passionate love sc5e & dramatic climax = ! fir/ act1 ,*risis go+ into a conv5t4 ,! second act takes place 9 an anci5t conv5t1 ,*risis z a danc+ prie/ess4 ,! la/ act takes place ) ,*risis z a c\rtly lady ) e luxury ar\nd h]4 ,x is a magnific5t piece ( "w musically & *oreographically1 & %\ld f9d widespread appeal4 ,we may c\nt z belong+ to ! naturali/ic s*ool ( danc+ ! expon5ts ( idealiz$ & imitative national dances1 ?\gh !y d n belong among ! ,duncanites4 ,p>ticul>ly we %\ld m5tion ,ru? ,/4 ,d5is1 :o is widely kn[n ?r\gh h] skill$ imitation & idealization ( ! ,ori5tal dances4 ,z ,isadora ,duncan s\ght by ! anci5t ,greeks ! ideal ( h] #8natural' dances1 s ,ru? ,/4 ,d5is attempt$ to f9d *oreographic beauties 9 ! art ( ! ,ea/4 ,9 ?is %e has be5 /rik+ly successful4 ,h] ,japanese dances c be consid]$ z real gems ( ! ,ori5t 9 :i* %e has made ! impression z if an exotic old pr9t ( ! empire ( ! ,mikado became alive by a miracle1 ?\gh x 0 9 ! ,indian sacr$ dances t %e made h] reputation4 ,?is is :at a dance critic writes ( h]3 #8,clad 9 a dress ( vivid gre5 spangl$ ) gold1 h] wri/s & ankles encas$ 9 clatt]+ silv] b&s1 surr\nd$ by ! swirl+ curves ( a gauze veil1 ! danc] pass$ f ! fir/ sl[ languor\s movem5ts into a v]tig9\s :irl ( passionate delirium4 ,allur+ 9 e ge/ure1 = once %e ?rew asceticism to ! w9ds1 & yet %e succe$$ 9 ma9ta9+ ?r\gh\t t difficult di/9ction betwe5 ! voluptu\s & ! lascivi\s4 ,! my/ic ,dance ( ! ,five ,s5ses 0 a m artificial p]=mance & only 9 "o passage k9dl$ into ! passion ( ! ,naut*4 ,z ! goddess ,radha1 %e is dimly se5 seat$ cross-legg$ beh9d ! frett$ doors ( h] %r9e4 ,! prie/s ( ! temple beat gongs be=e ! idol & lay _! (f]+s at h] feet4 ,!n ! doors op51 & ,radha desc5ds f h] p$e/al to suff] ! temptation ( ! five s5ses4 ,! fasc9ation ( ea* s5se1 sugge/$ by a concrete object1 is %[n =? 9 ! s]ies ( dances4 ,jewels repres5t ! desire ( ! sight1 ( ! he>+ ! music ( bells1 ( ! smell ( ! sc5t ( fl[]1 ( ! ta/e ( w9e1 & ! s5se ( t\* is fir$ by a kiss4 ,h] danc+ 0 inspir$ by t int5sity ( s5su\s delight :i* is ref9$ to its f>!/ limit probably only 9 ! wom5 ( ! ,ea/4 ,%e rightly *ose to illu/rate ! delicacy ( ! p]ceptions n by ab&on b by re/ra9t4 ,! dance ( t\*1 9 :i* e b5d ( ! arms & ! body describ$ ! ye>n+ = ! unatta9able1 0 m freely imag9ative 9 treatm5t4 ,& 9 ! dance ( ta/e !re 0 "o triumphant passage1 :51 hav+ dra9$ ! w9e-cup to ! dregs1 %e bur/ into a ,dionysiac ,naut*1 :i* rag$ ev] m wildly until %e fell pro/rate "u ! madd5+ influ5ce ( ! good w9e4 ,!n by ! expression ( limbs & features %[+ t ! gratification ( ! s5ses leads to remorse & despair1 & t only 9 r5unciation c ! s\l realize ! atta9m5t ( peace1 %e returns to h] %r9e & ! doors close ^u ! seat$ image1 resign$ & motionless4 ,s %e affirm$ 9 *oice & explicit ge/ure ! cre$ ( ,buddha4' ,v /range yet effective are ! dances ( ,ru? ,/4 ,d5is 9 :i* %e exhibits ! m>vell\s tw9+ & twi/+ art ( h] arms1 :i* act z if !y _h be5 "s gha/ly snakes4 ,h] arms possess an unusual ela/icity & s9u\s motion :i* _c be se5 bett] display$ by real ,ori5tal danc]s4 ,! h&s1 c>ry+ on ! fir/ & f\r? f+] two huge em]ald r+s1 give ! impression ( gleam+ s]p5ts' eyes4 ,miss ,/4 ,d5is is app>5tly a bett] musician ?an ,miss ,duncan1 :ile 9 h] poetic s5se & 9 ! s5se ( beauty %e rema9s beh9d4 ,h[ev]1 z a musician %e is excell5t1 & always acts 9 p]fect rhy?m ) ! composition4 ,b un=tunately all h] dance music is j z little ,ori5tal z ,miss ,duncan's is ,greek4 ,ru? ,/4 ,d5is seem+ly is ignorant ( ! num]\s ,russian ,ori5tal compositions :i* w\ld suit h] art a ?\s& times bett] ?an ! works ( ! ,occid5tal classics4 ,9 ju/ice to h] ef=ts x mu/ be said t %e is a ?or\gh arti/ 9 spite ( ! fact t %e has nev] /udi$ h] dances 9 ! ,ea/4 ,h] sl5d] tall figure & semi-,ori5tal expression give h] ! semblance ( an ,indian ,bayad]e4 ,x has always impress$ u t %e m9imizes h] art by affect$ mann]s & an air t lacks s9c]ity4 ,we believe h] to h v great tal5t1 b = "s reason or o!r1 %e has fail$ to display x fully4 ,,iv ,! mod]n ,spani% dances z p]=m$ by ,ros>io ,gu]r]o1 ,la ,ot]o & ,la ,c>m5cita1 are 9 fact a p]fect$ type ( ,spani% folk-dances4 ,! ,k9neys write ( !m z foll[s3 #8,s graci\s1 s /ately1 s ri* 9 light & %ade is ! ,sevillanas1 t x alone gives play to all ! qualities ne$$ to make a great arti/4 ,:51 a few summ]s ago1 ,ros>io ,gu]r]o *>m$ ,new ,york ) h] pantomime ( 8,! ,rose & ! ,dagg]10 x 0 ! fir/ two coplas ( ?is movem5t-poem t *>m$ ! dagg] away f ! b&it4 ,! same /eps glorifi$ ,c>m5cita 9 h] day & ,ot]o1 n[ popul> z a s+] 9 ! op]a 9 ,p>is4 ,all ?ree ( ^! goddesses read into _! int]pretation a p[]ful idea ( maje/y1 :i* left x none ! less s$uctive4' ,x is cle> t none b a ,spani>d c\ld p]=m ! m or less p]fect$ folk-dances ( ! c\ntry4 ,x requires a physique ) born tal5t & traditions to give ! dance its prop] fire & brutal elegance4 ,illu/ration3 ,maud ,allan ,aft] a pa9t+ by ,otto ,m>cus ,havelock ,ellis gives a graphic picture ( ! ,spani% dance4 #8,"o ( ! *>act]i/ics ( ,spani% danc+1' he writes1 #8lies 9 its accompanim5ts1 & p>ticul>ly 9 ! fact t "u prop] conditions all ! spectators are !mselves p]=m]s4 ,9 flam5co danc+1 among an audi5ce ( ! p1 e "o takes a "p by rhy?mic clapp+ & /amp+1 & by ! occasional prolong$ 8oles0 & o!r cries by :i* ! danc] is enc\rag$ or applaud$4 ,?us ! dance is n ! spectacle = ! amusem5t ( a languid & passive public1 z ) u4 ,x is r ! visible embodim5t ( an emotion 9 :i* e spectator himself takes an active & helpful "p2 x is1 z x 71 a vision evok$ by ! spectators !mselves & upborne on ! cont9u\s waves ( rhy?mical s\nd :i* !y g5]ate4 ,?us x is t at ! end ( a dance an absolute sil5ce (t5 falls1 ) no s\nd ( applause2 ! relation ( p]=m] & public has ceas$ to exi/4 ,s p]sonal is ?is danc+ t x may be said t an animate association ) ! spectators is necess>y = its full manife/ation4 ,! f9e/ ,spani% danc+ is at once kill$ or degrad$ by ! pres5ce ( an indiff]5t or unsympa!tic public1 & t is probably :y x _c be transplant$ b rema9s local4' ,! naturali/ic s*ool ( danc+ is by no means an inv5tion ( ,isadora ,duncan1 ?\gh %e has be5 "o ( its mo/ p]si/5t prea*]s4 ,! true psy*ological orig9 belongs to ,dels>te1 ^: me?od ( poetic pla/icism inspir$ ,mrs4 ,hovey to give lessons & lectures on ! subject4 ,x bran*$ out l a tree4 ,e c\ntry 0 int]e/$ 9 ! new idea 9 its own way4 ,am]ica1 hav+ no /hetic traditions :atsoev]1 f\nd ! pione]s 9 ,isadora ,duncan & ,ru? ,/4 ,d5is2 ,g]many f\nd h]s 9 ! si/]s ,wies5?al1 ,miss ,rita ,sac*etto & o!rs2 ,france1 9 ,mme4 ,olga ,desmond2 ,spa91 9 ! ref9$ & tal5t$ folk-danc]s2 ,russia1 9 ! rise ( a new ballet1 & s on4 ,l a magic message1 ! idea fill$ ! air & 0 inhal$ by special m9ds4 ,!re 0 a /rong argum5t 9 favor ( its developm5t1 & t argum5t 0 ! spiritual yea/ t set ! _w into a f]m5t4 ,! m x 0 oppos$ & f\ght ! m x spread & grew4 ,! naturali/ic dance has be5 ?us f> m an awak5+ ?an a mature art4 ,z su* x is apt to be crude & imp]fect4 ,!re is no reason to fe> t a fate l t :i* befell ! ,skirt ,dance may ov]take ! #8classical' danc+ ( ! naturali/ic s*ool4 ,x has accompli%$ a great s]vice 9 br++ ! audi5ces to realize t ! argum5t ( natural pla/icism is bas$ on philosophical tru?4 ,soon ! ranks ( ^? :o believe t #8natural' danc+ is t :i* requires ! lea/ te*nique w decrease 9 favor ( ^? s]i\s m9d$ arti/s1 :o seek ! solution 9 te*nique plus tal5t4 #8,! !ory t a danc] c ignore ) impunity ! re/rictions ( te*nique1 t %e is b\nd to please if only %e is natural & happy & all[s h]self to foll[ ! mom5t>y inspiration ( ! music & dances ) ! same gleeful spontaneity z a *ild danc+ to a b>rel-organ is a doctr9e z s$uctive z x is fatal4' ,! future solution ( ! movem5t lies 9 p]fection ( ! te*nique & 9 grasp+ ! deep] dep?s ( musical relation to ! art ( danc+4 #8,! *ief value ( reaction resides 9 its negative de/ructive elem5t1' says ,pr9ce ,volkhonsky4 #8,if1 = in/ance1 we _h nev] se5 ! old ballet1 ) its /]eotyp$ "*1 ,i d n ?9k t ! appe>ance ( ,isadora ,duncan w\ld h call$ =? su* en?usiasm4 ,9 ,isadora we greet$ ! deliv]ance4 ,yet 9 ord] to appreciate lib]ty we mu/ h felt ! *a9s4 ,%e lib]at$1 & h] foll[]s seek to exploit t lib]ty4' ,,*apt] ,,xvii ,,! ,,new ,,russian ,,ballet ,! old ballet3 argum5ts pro & con--,! new movem5t3 ,diaghileff & ,fok9e2 ! adv5t ( ,diaghileff's company2 ! ballets ( ,diaghileff's company2 #8,spectre ( ! ,rose1' #8,cleopatra1' ,le ,pavillon d',armide1 #8,s*eh]ezade'--,nij9sky & ,k>sav9a--,/rav9sky's ballets3 #8,petr\*ka1' #8,! ,fire-,bird1' etc42 o!r ballets & arrangem5ts4 ,i ,gordon ,craig v aptly *>act]iz$ ! ,fr5* ballet z ! mo/ delici\sly artificial imp]t95ce t ev] turn$ up its nose at ,nature4 ,comm5t+ on ?is ,pr9ce ,volkhonsky says3 #8,seldom "o meets 9 a %ort def9ition ) su* an exhau/+ ackn[l$gm5t ( ! positive & negative sides ( ! "q4 ,h[ easy & pleasant x is to agree ) a judgm5t :i* is p5etrat$ ) su* imp>tiality4 ,:o w n ackn[l$ge t t p[d]$ ,m>quise is *>m+1 & yet :o w n ackn[l$ge t t huge pile ( false hair spr9kl$ ) p[d] is aga9/ ,nature8' ,magnific5t z ! old ,russian ballet has be5 dramatically & acrobatically1 yet x fail$ to ackn[l$ge ! artificialities ( its =m & ! defici5cies ( its phonetic conceptions4 ,x fail$ to see :at ,dels>te1 ,mrs4 ,hovey1 ,isadora ,duncan & ! p>tisans ( ! naturali/ic s*ool _h grasp$3 ! call ( ,nature4 ,?\gh x bani%$ ! p[d]$ ,m>quise ( ! ,fr5* s*ool f ! /age1 yet x did n bani% ! cre$ f ! ball]9a's toe--! unmusical act+1 ! spectacul> leaps & pir\ettes1 ! umbrella-l tunics1 ! acrobatic /unts1 ! fossiliz$ =ms ( ! dead ages4 ,9 praise ( ! old ballet ,mr4 ,a4 ,lev9sohn has writt5 9 a ,russian magaz9e ( ! dance3 #8,:5 a ball]9a rises on ! tips ( h] toes 7po9ts71 %e frees h]self ( a natural movem5t & ent]s a region ( fanta/ic exi/5ce4' ,! pr9cipal mean+ ( all ! ballet te*nique 9 prea*+ ! toe-dance is to defy ! laws ( gravity & give ! dance ! semblance ( a flight1 or float+ 9 ! air4 ,!re is no "q t a few musical phrases require su* pla/ic1 p>ticul>ly 9 su* compositions z ,sa9t-,sans' #8,! ,swan1' or ,drigo's ,papillons1 :i* ,pavlova has visualiz$ s magnific5tly4 ,b to apply ! same /yle to express ! romantic1 poetic1 tragic & o!r human emotions1 to apply ! toe-te*nique to e =m ( danc+1 is really abnormal4 ,pr9ce ,volkhonsky1 :o has contribut$ s mu* to ! ,russian ballet re=m1 writes ) /rik+ argum5t & vigor3 #8,movem5t _c be an aim 9 itself2 su* a movem5t w\ld be nons5se4 ,:at does a danc] express :5 he imitates a sp9n+-top8 ,:at does ! ball]9a express :5 ) a fasc9at+ smile %e reg>ds c>ess+ly h] own toe1 z %e toe-dances ov] ! smoo? floor8 ,:at does h] body express1 ! human body--! mo/ wond]ful in/rum5t ( expression on e>?--:51 c>ri$ away by gymna/ic en?usiasm 9 an acrobatic ec/asy1 ) pant+ *e/ & t]ror 9 h] op5 eyes1 %e crosses ! /age diagonally1 :irl+ on "o toe1 :ile ) ! o!r %e executes ! fam\s 8?irty-two f\etts08' #8,gymna/ics trans=m !mselves into fanta/ics1' exclaims ,lev9sohn2 #8b ,i assure y1 :5 9 ! circus ! man-s]p5t1 all dress$ 9 gre5 scales1 puts 8 legs beh9d 8 %\ld]1 ?is is no less fanta/ic4' ,! s-call$ tunic 7! ,fr5* tutu7--a light %ort g>m5t ( pleat$ gauze--has1 ) ,mr4 ,lev9sohn1 n only a physical ju/ification f ! po9t ( view ( com=t b a logical explanation1 an /hetic sanction2 x #8l5ds to ! body a seem+ /ability4' #8,d y cat* ?is8' he cont9ues4 #8,! p]p5dicul>ity ( ! human figure 9 our eyes is1 s to speak1 balanc$ by ! horizontality ( ! skirt2 j ! pr9ciple ( ! sp9n+-top4 ,n[1 is x possible to inv5t a m deplorable =mula = trans=m+ man into a ma*9e8 ,is x possible to give a m def9ite expression to ! pr9ciple ( elim9at+ "o's 8ego08 ,is n art ! expression1 ! manife/ation1 ! blossom+ ( man8 ,& :at1 f9ally1 %all we say f ! purely /hetic po9t ( view ( t exaltation ( a co/ume :i* by its umbrella-l /iffness cuts ! human body into two8 ,%all we rema9 indiff]5t to ! beauty ( folds1 to ! ob$i5ce ( ! fl[+ veils1 to ! pla/ic injunctions ( ! liv+ movem5t8 #8,! !ory ( me*anisation ( ! human body c\ld n b lead to ! panegyric ( ! 8flat-to$0 ballet slipp]4 ,! simple sad necessity ( giv+ to ! ball]9a a po9t ( support receives a philosophico-/hetic int]pretation3 ?is slipp] 8g5]alises ! cont\r ( ! foot0 & 8makes ! impression ( ! movem5t cle>] & m f9i%$40 ,9 ! "n ( all--,i won't say ( all t is sacr$--b ( all t is beautiful1 is x possible to say su* ?+s8 ,y h nev] admir$ a foot2 y d n "k :at x is--a foot t sl[ly rises f ! gr\nd1 fir/ ) ! heel1 !n ) ! sole2 y d n "k ! beauty ( supple toes2 y evid5tly nev] saw ! foot ( ,botticelli's 8,pallas10 ! foot ( ,h\don's 8,diana40 ,if x is s valuable to 8g5]alise0 ! cont\r ( ! foot by ! flat-to$ slipp]1 :y n1 !n1 8g5]alise0 ! cont\r ( ! h& & give to ! ball]9as box+-gloves8 ,art is an ext]iorisation ( man1 a spread+ ( "o's self outside ! limits ( "o's ego1 & "h we are ask$ to cut1 to %ort51 to hide3 a pr9ciple :i* is exactly ! contr>y ( art4 ,x 0 also a 8g5]alisation0 ( ! human figure :5 ,niobe 0 be+ metamorphos$ into a rock1 b x rema9s till ! end ( "t ! expression ( grief2 ! ,greeks h n f\nd a m eloqu5t my? = ! et]nalisation ( human sorr[ ?an ! return ( =m into t :i* is n =m$4 ,!y knew t all process ( creation goes f ! g5]al to ! p>ticul>4 ,:5 ! musician %apes ! musical mat]ial accessible to ev]ybody into a p>ticul> musical melody1 he goes f ! g5]al to ! p>ticul>4 ,:5 ! sculptor takes away piece by piece f ! block ( m>ble1 he goes f ! g5]al to ! p>ticul>4 ,if1 out ( ! %apeless mass ( ! human family1 ! great types c\ld deta* !mselves & cry/allise !mselves into def9ite *>act]s1 x is only ?anks to _! p>ticul>ities t !y conqu] & receive _! univ]sal value4 ,! direction ( ! arti/ is f ! %apeless1 f ! ab/ract1 into ! concrete2 ! process ( art is a process ( individualisation4 ,x is easy to und]/&1 !re=e1 ! in/9ctive ho/ility :i* is provok$ 9 a man :o loves art1 by all attempts at 8g5]alisation03 x is ! infiltration into art ( t :i* is n art1 x is t :i* 9 ! c\rse ( c5turies has des]v$ ! appellation ( 8r\t9e40 ,?is cru/ ( uni=mity & imp]sonality :i* spreads ov] art is no?+ b an infiltration ( ! g5]alis+ pr9ciple into t :i* is & ought to rema9 ! sacr$ doma9 ( p]sonality4 ,x is ! des]t "u ^: brea? fades & )]s ! beauty ( ! oasis4 #8,no wond] t a reaction %\ld set 9 aga9/ an art :i* seeks its ju/ification 9 su* !ories2 ! reaction aga9/ ! /]eotyp$ ballet is a direct act ( logic--x is ! voice ( common s5se3 x w\ld be impossible t a =m ( art %\ld live :i* is 9 contradiction to ! pr9ciple ( art4 ,:5 ,i say 8live10 ,i d n mean ! "r ( exi/5ce2 ,i take ! ^w 9 its mo/ real s5se3 to live1 t is1 to possess ! elem5ts ( developm5t4 ,9 ! =m into :i* x has develop$ ! 8classical0 ballet lacks ^! elem5ts--x _c evolve2 z ,mr4 ,svetl(f judici\sly rem>k$1 if e ball]9a c\ld execute sev5ty-five in/ead ( 8?irty-two f\etts10 x w\ld be a great] difficulty to ov]come1 x w\ld n be art develop$4 ,?us ,i repeat1 :5 ,i say t su* a =m ( art z ! old ballet _c live ,i am n d5y+ its "r to exi/1 b ,i am indicat+ ! abs5ce ( elem5ts ( developm5t1 ! atrophy ( ! pr9ciple ( vitality4 #8,!re is "o po9t ( view possible z to ! 8classical ballet02 x is ! "o =m 9 :i* we see ! e/abli%$ =ms ( old dances4 ,:o w d5y ! *>m ( ! m9uet1 ( ! gavotte1 ( ! pavane8 ,b1 on ! o!r h&1 :o ev] w d>e to say t ?is is ! f9al ^w ( pla/ic art8 ,m9iature pa9t+ is a lovely art1 is x n8 ,yet equally wrong are ^? :o w\ld ass]t t ! m9iature has express$ all t pa9t+ is capable (1 & ^? :o w\ld say t m9iature is 8all "r1 b x ne$s enl>g+40 ,& :5 we consid] ! ballet f ! only possible po9t ( view1 f ! po9t ( view ( ! cry/allis$ dance1 h[ (f5sive w appe> to u 8gymna/ics t trans=m !mselves into fanta/ics40 ,on ! o!r h&1 we %all n be a/oni%$ :5 we he> ! regrets ( "s adh]5ts ( ! old 8dance0 9 ! pres5ce ( ! 8,scy?ian invasion0 on t same /age :]e ! pla/ic =mulas ( ! ,lat9 race h blossom$2 only imag9e x--:]e ! gavotte & s>ab&a us$ to reign !re n[ bur/s out ! tempe/ ( ! 8,t>t> hordes06' ,,ii ,! appe>ance ( ,isadora ,duncan & h] pupils 9 ,russia 0 truly a high explosive bomb4 ,h] art />tl$ ! ,russian danc]s & public4 ,x 0 ! v opposite ( :at ev]ybody _h be5 accu/om$ to see1 & :at ev]ybody imag9$ ! dance to be4 ,?\gh ! limit$ "* ( h] te*nique decreas$ ! effect1 yet ! tru? ( h] pr9ciple 0 :at caus$ ! greate/ discussion & made ! deepe/ impression4 ,9 ! fundam5tals ( h] dance 7 t fre$om1 individuality & relief :i* ! ,russian m9d _h miss$ 9 ! old ballet4 ,x 0 ?is !oretical argum5t t made ,miss ,duncan's art su* a factor 9 ,russia4 ,m>ius ,petipa _h be5 an excell5t s*ol> & academician 9 8 days1 b he _h gr[n old & 8 views _h become obsolete4 ,8 g5ius saw ! evolution ( ! ballet only 9 ! conv5tional *annels4 ,among 8 assi/ants 7 a gr\p ( tal5t$ "y danc]s & tea*]s1 "s ( :om 7 dissatisfi$ ) ! old ord]1 yet f\nd !mselves =c$ to foll[ ! "t-worn rules4 ,"o ( ! "y /ud5ts ( ?is type 0 ,m4 ,fok9e1 a v intellig5t /ud5t & gift$ arti/1 :o 0 p>ticul>ly electrifi$ by ,miss ,duncan's art4 ,he saw ! %ortcom+s ( ,miss ,duncan's s*ool & realiz$ t "h he1 ) 8 ?or\gh und]/&+ ( ! ballet & its te*nique1 c\ld d mu* t %e _h be5 unable to d4 ,) all ! be/ w ,fok9e f\nd himself b\nd to ! old ord] ( ?+s4 ,b x 0 at ?is v juncture t ,m4 ,diaghileff1 :o _h be5 successfully edit+ ! annual ,reviews ( ! ,imp]ial ,ballet1 laid ! f\ndation = a new art magaz9e on radical pr9ciples4 ,hav+ be5 a graduate ( ! ,cons]vatory ( ,music ( ,petrograd & a connoisseur ( ! art ( danc+1 he 0 j ! man to ga!r a gr\p ( radical dance & music /ud5ts & arti/s ( e description ar\nd 8 v5ture & attempt to accompli% some?+ radically mod]n 9 all ! fields ( /age art4 ,8 ef=ts f\nd a quick response among ! v>i\s arti/s ( ! ballet1 :o already knew ( 8 "w & t5d5cies4 ,"o ( !m 0 ,fok9e1 & ) him came _m ( 8 tal5t$ pupils & fri5ds4 ,l ) e o!r new movem5t ?is ne$$ cry/allization !oretically & practically4 ,= "s reason or o!r ,diaghileff's magaz9e fail$4 ,b x _h already accompli%$ its evolution>y task3 a gr\p ( arti/s 0 ready to jo9 any lead]s ( revolution :o w\ld be wor?y ( _! confid5ce4 ,! next move f ! revolution>y ,diaghileff & 8 g5]al ,fok9e 0 _! unexpect$ appe>ance 9 ,p>is4 ,"h !y _h surr\nd$ !mselves ) a few g5ial ballet danc]s ( ,petrograd & ,mosc[4 ,! ann\ncem5t ( an appe>ance ( ! ,russian ballet 9 ,p>is1 "u ! managem5t ( ,diaghileff & ,fok9e & ) />s l ,nij9sky1 ,mmes4 ,fok9a1 ,k>sav9a & ,a/afieva1 m>ks ! fir/ revolution>y move 9 ,russian dance hi/ory4 ,x 0 und\bt$ly ! ph5om5al success t ,pavlova & ,mordk9 _h _h outside ( ,russia1 p>ticul>ly 9 ,p>is & ,london1 :i* actuat$ & enc\rag$ ! rebels4 ,!y argu$1 #8,if ,pavlova & ,mordk9 _h su* ph5om5al success z solo danc]s1 9 ! old classic /yle1 we are m sure ( a success 9 real mod]n ballets4' ,& !y prov$ t !y _h4 ,"h is :at a ,london critic writes ( ! appe>ance ( ! ,diaghileff company3 #8,= ! unkn[n to be successful 9 ,london x is always necess>y to create :at is call$ a boom--m>vel\s clo!s or ! lack ( !m2 a t]rify+ top note2 a tame lion2 a ,/> t has be5 %9+ ) unp>allel$ brilliancy 9 ano!r city4 ,b we 7 told no?+ ab\t ! ,russian danc]s :5 !y arriv$ 9 #aiji--"s half doz5 ( !m only--& s we expect$ no?+4 ,& x is to be fe>$ t "s ( u f\nd :at we expect$4 ,n[1 two ye>s lat]1 we are sl[ly op5+ our eyes4 #8,!re is no ne$ to describe ei!r ,k>sav9a or ,pavlova4 ,if !re 71 inde$1 p5 & ink w\ld be incapable ( ! task1 = !y bo? typify & express ! woman ( all ages1 & ageless4 #8999999 ,= _m x 0 z if !y und]/ood life = ! fir/ "t1 _h ent]$ a *amb] 9 ! ca/le ,exi/5ce :i* hi!rto _h be5 hidd5 f !m4 ,!y gave u ?\ghts1 ^! ,russian magicians1 = :i* we h be5 unconsci\sly seek+ & travail+ _m ye>s4 ,!y gave u k we ?\ght to buy 9 a huck/]'s %op1 /eal f a bottle ( w9e1 or f9d 9 a bloodless novel or 9 ! crude /age play ( ! av]age !atre1 be>+ little or no relation to life4 ,n[ "h x 01 all express$ 9 dances m5 & wom5 danc$ ?\s&s ( ye>s ago3 music ( face & body1 ( muscle & bra91 :i* /irr$ & sang 9 our he>ts l w9d 9 ! trees4 #8,! elusive _s ( y\? %e 7,k>sav9a7 mo/ eloqu5tly expresses 9 ,les ,sylphides1 ! music by ,*op91 :i* is describ$ z a ,rv]ie ,romantique4 ,! sex ( ! danc]1 in/ead ( dom9at+1 disappe>s4 ,& s1 ( all ! good ?+s ! ,russian ,danc]s h giv5 u1 ! ,_s ( ,y\? ( ,tam>a ,k>sav9a comes fir/ & =emo/4 #8,! m5 ( ! ,russian ,ballet possess ! same te*nical p]fection1 ! same m>vel\s grace1 z ! wom54 ,:e!r _! bodies be z slim & light z ,nij9sky's & ,kosl(f's1 or z massive & muscul> z ,mordk9's & ,ti*omir(f's1 makes no diff]5ce3 !y c be z graceful1 z supple1 z t5d] z a girl1 )\t los+ a scrap ( _! sup]b mascul9ity4' ,among ! mo/ conspicu\s ,russian danc]s :o foll[$ ! revolution>y call ( ,diaghileff & ,fok9e1 7 ,v]a ,fok9a1 ,tam>a ,k>sav9a1 ,sophie ,feodorova1 ,s]aphime ,a/afieva1 ,nij9sky1 & ,kosl(f4 ,! real draw+ c>ds ( ! revolution>y gr\p 7 ,k>sav9a & ,nij9sky1 "o m g5ial ?an ! o!r1 ! "o ! v type ( ! ,russian y\?ful poetic & passionate girl1 ! o!r t ( mascul9e virility & grace4 ,! leap+ ( ,nij9sky & ! d>t+ ( ,k>sav9a w rema9 z ! mo/ effective symbols 9 ! m9d ( ^? :o h witness$ _! inspir+ dances4 ,9 ,le ,spectre de la ,rose1 danc$ by ,k>sav9a & ,nij9sky1 we c be/ comp>e _! individualities4 #8,_! bodies1 fl[]-l1 repres5t+ ! _s ( fl[]s1 weave dreams ) sil5t & graceful movem5ts1' writes a critic4 #8,we are altoge!r remov$ f ! _w ( fle% & blood to a k+dom ( en*antm5t4' ,nij9sky & ,k>sav9a are ! two tal5t$ expon5ts ( ! ,new ,russian ,ballet1 9 ! same s5se z ,pavlova & ,mordk9 belong to ! ,old ,ballet4 ,! "q arises 9 :at respect ,nij9sky diff]s f ,mordk9 & ,k>sav9a f ,pavlova8 ,if we c\ld see illu/rative p]=mances by ^! f\r greate/ figures ( ! two ,russian s*ools ! diff]5ce w\ld be imm$iately evid5t1 9 spite ( _! individual traits4 ,:]e ,pavlova conc5trates att5tion on h] conv5tional toe-danc+1 ,k>sav9a employs conspicu\sly ! naturali/ic /eps & /rives to display ! pla/ic l9es ( h] beautiful body4 ,:]e ,mordk9 resorts to pantomime1 ,nij9ksy f9ds 8 expression ?r\gh ! movem5ts ( ! dance4 ,h[ev]1 ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! two ballets is n s cle>ly cut ) ! m5 z ) ! wom5 danc]s4 ,fok9e has introduc$ a great deal ( ! pla/ic elem5t t has actuat$ ! p>tisans ( ! naturali/ic s*ool4 ,we f9d ! acrobatic /unts ( ! old ballet almo/ lack+ 9 ! new4 ,y w h>dly see ,k>sav9a1 ,fok9a or ,a/afieva p]=m+ ! leg-b5d+ tricks ( ! foll[]s ( ! old s*ool4 ,if !y resort to pir\ettes & leg agility1 !y d s 9 a diff]5t s5se ?an ! o!rs4 ,,iii ,a highly prais$ dance ( ,k>sav9a & ,nij9sky is ,le ,spectre de la ,rose 7) music arrang$ f ! compositions ( ,web]71 :i* takes place 9 a summ] night 9 old ari/ocratic ,france4 ,! music1 ?\gh old-fa%ion$1 is s(t & t5d]4 ,k>sav9a repres5ts a "y s5tim5tal girl :o has j return$ f ! ball4 ,%e is ?9k+ ( h] lov]1 :ile rais+ to h] lips a r$ rose :i* he gave h] at ! ball4 ,go+ ?r\gh a pantomimic sc5e ( h] s5tim5tal dreams ,k>sav9a depicts ! romantic prelude ( a "y girl until ,nij9sky1 repres5t+ h] vision>y lov]1 leaps 94 #8,! _s ( ! g>d5 & ! song ( ! night h ent]$ h] b$room1 & ! w9d bl[s ?is rose-_s to & fro4 ,x is love 9 human %ape3 n[ he hov]s above ! sleep+ figure1 c>ess+3 n[ he is danc+ j 9 front ( ! w9d[4 ,& we d>e n brea! le/ by s do+ ! air is /irr$ to drive him back into ! mov+ %apes outside4 ,b he rises on ! arms ( ! w9d1 he cr\*es beside ! girl4 ,%e falls into 8 arms & ! love dream ( a ballroom is realiz$4 ,! music ( ! night has ent]$ ! room1 languid music l wat] :i* ^! two spill z !y dance to & fro1 until1 our eyes be+ op5$1 we c see z well z he> music4 ,! miracle is s brief t we sc>cely realize x be=e x has gone4 ,b !y 7 *ords & h>monies1 ^! two _s %apes float+ on ! implacable air3 h&s & feet1 arms & legs1 lips & eyes spill+ & spell+ ea* note ( music4 ,! h\r has pass$4 ,jeal\s dawn lays 8 f+]s on ! night4444 ,! girl is 9 h] *air aga94 ,! _s ( ! rose hov]s l love ) trembl+ w+s above h]4' ,a favorite ballet ( ! ,diaghileff company is ,clopatre1 arrang$ by ,fok9e to music by ,ar5sky1 ,taneieff1 ,rimsky-,korsak(f1 ,gl9ka1 ,glaz\n(f1 & ,m\ssorgsky4 ,! *ief *>act]s ( ?is ballet are ,s]aphime ,a/afieva1 z ,cleopatra1 ,sophie ,feodorova1 z ,ta-,hor1 ,v]a ,fok9a1 z a ,greek woman1 & ,nij9sky1 z ! favorite ( ,cleopatra4 ,x has be5 decl>$ ! mo/ popul> ( all ,fok9e's ballets4 ,x describes ! well-kn[n love drama ( ! great ,egyptian que54 ,! fir/ sc5e is laid on ! %ores ( ! ,nile4 ,!re is j visible ! ar* ( an anci5t temple & its entrance ) great figures ( /one4 ,! gr\nd on :i* x /&s is flank$ by pill>s :i* t[] t[>ds ! sky4 ,! wat]s ( ! riv] gleam betwe5 ^! pill>s4 ,! sun is s9k+ into ! hot des]t4 ,! fir/ "* ( ! dance is ,ta-,hor1 a prie/ess2 ! second ,am\n1 a w>rior1 h] belov$4 ,%e em]ges ?r\gh ! d>k curta9 ( ! night & meets him 9 ! sil5t prec9cts ( ! temple4 ,music quiv]s f h&s & feet1 lips & eyes4 ,we feel an imp5d+ dang]4 ,! sil5ce is brok5 ) ! sudd5 appe>ance ( ! ,high ,prie/4 ,cleopatra is com+4 ,b ,ta-,hor cl+s to ! lips ( ,am\n4 ,:5 ! ,que5 appe>s ! lov]s %r9k back into ! %ad[s ( ! temple4 ,%e is a voluptu\s beauty4 ,we see h] re/+1 h] limbs tangl$ 9 a mass ( color1 h] eyes fix$ l s]p5t's1 />+ into ! hot night ( ! des]t :ile %e waits = :at x w br+ h]4 ,%e is tir$ ( ! weal? ! _w has p\r$ at h] feet4 ,!re is b "o ?+ t nev] tires h] & is ev] new4 ,h] subtle limbs uncurl f ! tangl$ colors1 op5 l a rose at a brea? ( w>m w9d--to close aga9 ) a little %iv] ( ec/asy4 ,love is always new & beautiful4 ,( love %e has nev] tir$1 only ( lov]s4 ,cleopatra f9ally sees ,am\n danc+1 & falls madly 9 love ) him4 ,!re are _m passionate & dramatic sc5es4 #8,l ! sea-foam1 h] body is tempe/-toss$4 ,h] eyes burn into 8 s\l4 ,! music s+s songs ( ! des]t1 invocations to ! ,nile1 hymns to ! god ( love4 ,ar\nd ! royal divan ( ,cleopatra we see a m$ley ( m5 & wom51 tw9+ & gr\p+ !mselves4 ,! music s\nds l a g5tle breeze1 full ( love & en*antm5t1 :i* longs yet fe>s to slake its ?ir/4 ,we see ,egyptian danc]s mov+ sl[ly & quietly4 ,/r+ in/rum5ts are ?rumm+ l night+ales4 ,we see a :ole company ( m5 & wom5 danc+ 9 ! tor*light4 ,! sight ( ! co/umes p\rs a spell ( ! ,nile ^u u4 ,! />s ( ! des]t & ! passionate music ( /r+ in/rum5ts1 ! beautiful girls & ! black virile bodies ( ! slaves1 ! waves ( light & ! di/ant wall ( soldi]s & prie/s1 fill ! air ) some?+ tragic & black4 ,we get a glimpse ( ,cleopatra & ,am\n1 he /&+ beside h] c\*4 ,! high prie/ ( ! temple holds betwe5 8 h&s ! sacr$ cup fill$ ) ! poison\s w9e t ,am\n mu/ dr9k4 ,he takes ! cup firmly & looks into h] eyes1 & smil+ he dr9ks4 ,%e smiles1 too4 ,at ?is mom5t ,am\n drops ! cup to ! gr\nd4 ,dea? lays h&s ^u him4 ,8 agony is brief4 ,cleopatra /&s wait+4 ,:5 he falls 8 f+]s clut* ! air4 ,a %iv] %akes ! ,que5's body4 ,cleopatra goes out f ! night pass+ ?r\gh ! va/ pill>s ( ! temple into ! dawn ( ! des]t4 ,aft] h] comes ,ta-,hor1 look+ = h] lov]4 ,b %e f9ds ! dead body4 ,we see h] w>m br[n body %iv] & %r9k4 ,%e w\ld te> out h] he>t4 ,a s(t w9d comes :isp]+ ov] ! des]t br++ ) x ! r$ ( ! ris+ sun4 ,x is ! end ( a gha/ly picture4' ,impressive z ,clopatre is 9 its sc5ic & pantomimic vigor & tragic atmosph]e1 yet x is h>dly a ballet 9 ! mod]n s5se4 ,!re is no unity ( music1 ?is be+ altoge!r a pat*-"w4 ,x may s\nd exce$+ly pretty & appropriate occasionally to ! accompanim5t ( ! mute drama1 yet x is by no means dance music4 ,?is is an example ( ! pat*y ballet music t ! ,diaghileff company is cont9ually try+ to employ4 ,musically less pat*y is ,le ,pavillon d',armide1 ) music by ,t*]epn9 & sett+ by ,b5ois4 ,b ! !me is old-fa%ion$ & ov]-p]fum$4 ,! /ory takes place 9 m$ival ,france at ! ca/le ( a c]ta9 ,m>quis1 a magician4 ,x is night4 ,w9ds bl[1 ra9 p\rs d[n & ?und] rolls4 ,a nobleman is to meet 8 swee!>t ne> ! ,m>quis' ca/le & takes refuge f ! bad wea!r4 ,! ,m>quis places 8 ,pavillon d',armide at 8 disposal4 ,9 ! pavilion he sees an old ,gobel9 tape/ry repres5t+ ! beautiful ,armide1 b5ea? x1 a great clock support$ by ,love & ,"t4 ,! nobleman goes to sleep & at midnight sees ! figures ( ,love & ,"t /ep d[n f ! clock4 ,armide becomes alive4 ,! nobleman falls 9 love ) h] & ,armide embraces him4 ,?is is ! beg9n+ ( an animat$ dance4 ,x is a fanta/ic sc5e1 ! old ,m>quis tak+ "p 9 ! fea/4 ,f9ally ,"t triumphs ov] ,love & !y return to _! places4 ,x is an int]e/+ %ort phantasy1 a poem 9 pantomime4 ,a ballet :i* has creat$ ! greate/ comm5t & discussion 9 its dramatic & sc5ic beauty is ! ,s*eh]ezade1 ) music by ,rimsky-,korsak(f4 ,?is is a symphonic suite ( :i* ,bak/ & ,fok9e h manufactur$ a k9d ( pantomime-ballet4 ,?\gh ! music is magnific5t z an or*e/ra piece by itself1 yet x is a p]v]sion to employ x to accompany a que] pantomimic drama4 ,rimsky-,korsak(f _h no idea ( a ,zobeide play$ by ,k>sav9a1 ( h] negro lov]1 danc$ by ,nij9sky1 ( ,s*>i>1 ! ,gr& ,eunu*1 & ( ! ,odalisque1 :o are ! *>act]s ( ! ballet4 ,?is aga9 is a pat*-"w & n a dance 9 its real s5se4 ,if x is a dance1 x is su* t only "o arti/ or at mo/ two c\ld depict4 ,accord+ to ! sc5>io writ]s x draws ! /ory ( a ,sultan's h>em f #8,! ,arabian ,nights4' ,all ! h>em beauties are danc+ ) _! lov]s & slaves4 ,among !m we f9d ! pretty ,sultana4 ,! ,sultan ent]s & suspects t ,zobeida has betray$ him4 ,he f9ds h] lov]4 ,we see dea? & passion4 ,x is picturesque1 b ! dance is only an incid5tal affair4 ,s*eh]ezade )\t ,k>sav9a's vivid mimicry & y\?ful beauty1 & ,nij9sky's agility1 w\ld be no?+4 ,9 ! words ( a ,russian critic1 #8,nij9sky makes u und]/& t a ge/ure is1 z ,blake said ( a te>1 an intellectual ?+4 ,8 ge/ures1 by :i* ,i d n mean ! te*nical /eps1 are diff]5t 9 mann] & 9 _s f ^? ( ! traditional ,italian s*ool4 ,) ! conv5tional ge/ures ( ! academies1 :i* mimic su* attitudes z m5 are suppos$ naturally to adopt :5 !y p]=m c]ta9 actions or exp]i5ce c]ta9 emotions1 he w h no?+ to d4 ,nij9sky's ge/ures mimic no?+4 ,!y are n ! result ( a d\ble translation ( idea into words1 & words into dumb %[4 ,!y are ! mood itself4 ,8 limbs possess a faculty ( spee*4 ,wit is express$ 9 8 ,arlequ9 dance z lucidly z 9 an epigram4 ,8 g5ius consi/s 9 a s+ul> pliancy ( ! body to ! _s4',c ,c ,s4 ,hudek(f3 #8,hi/ory ( ,danc+' 79 ,russian74 ,if ,k>sav9a _h n jo9$ ! *oreographic revolutioni/s h] dramatic tal5t w\ld h _h little or no opportunity to express itself1 = ! expon5ts ( ! old classic ballets are /rictly oppos$ to display ( natural ge/ures & act+4 ,:ile %e n[ exhibits a tal5t equal to ,pavlova's1 9 ! old ballet %e w\ld be only half ( :at %e is4 ,al?\gh h] excell5t dramatic s5se is display$ 9 ,le ,spectre de la ,rose1 ,s*eh]ezade & 9 sev]al ( ,/rav9sky's ballets1 /ill we h n _h a *ance yet to become en?usia/ic ov] any ( h] ab/ract dances4 ,?is view we notice also express$ by _m ,fr5* & ,engli% critics4 #8,( h] p]=mances at ,cov5t ,g>d51 all 7 m>k$ by su* r>e te*nique & in/ruct$ grace t x is difficult to put any "o be=e ano!r2 b c]ta9ly %e nev] surpass$ h] a*ievem5t 9 ,le ,spectre de la ,rose4 ,h] danc+ caught ! v _s ( a maid5's rev]y1 & no?+ c\ld h be5 m f9ely imag9$ ?an ^? transitions f languor into quick ru%es ( d>t+ movem5t1 :i* illu/rate ! abrupt & irrational episodes ( a tr\bl$ dream4 ,%e 0 ! v embodim5t ( fa9t desire4 ,we felt1 z x 71 a brea? ( p]fume1 & 7 tr\bl$ 9 spite ( ourselves4 ,moreov]1 ! long p>tn]%ip betwe5 ! two p]=m]s seem$ to h result$ 9 a v special & intimate h>mony4 ,= ! mo/ "p !y simply float$ ab\t ! /age z ?\gh borne ^u a common curr5t ( emotion4 ,!re 0 a m>riage1 n only betwe5 _! bodily movem5ts1 b betwe5 _! spirits1 su* z ,i h nev] not$ 9 ! union ( any o!r danc]s4' ,l ! ballet ,pr9ce ,igor1 music by ,borod9e1 sc5>io by ,fok9e1 ,le ,c>neval1 music f ,s*umann1 ,liad(f1 ,glaz\n(f1 ,t*]epn9e & v>i\s o!r s\rces1 are no?+ b dances f an op]a1 dances tak5 "h & !re4 ,nei!r is !re any unity ( !me or /yle 9 ^! trimm$-up panoramas4 ,! ,polovetsi dances ( ,borod9e's op]a ,pr9ce ,igor are magnific5t examples ( savage ,t>t> art4 ,! music is ! v image ( ! hot & re/less ,mongolian temp]am5t1 ! v brea? ( battle lu/1 ! exaltation ( victory4 ,fok9e has tak5 a sc5e f ! second act ( ! op]a & pat*$ a /ory toge!r ) "s *>act]s ( ! op]a4 ,! dance 9 ! op]a itself is wond]ful4 ,b 9 ! ballet =m1 z arrang$ by ,fok9e1 x is a m$iocrity4 ,,iv ,9 ! rep]toire ( ,diaghileff's company !re h be51 ?us f>1 only two m or less satisfactory ballets1 ,le ,pavilion d',armide1 by ,b5ois & ,t*]epn91 & ,le ,spectre de la ,rose by ,web] & ,vaudoy]4 ,b bo? might be t]m$ *oreographic sket*es 9 "o sc5e r ?an ballets4 ,)\t ,nij9sky & ,k>sav9a ev5 ^! w\ld n be v *>m+4 ,! ari/ocratic s5tim5tality & poetic pa?os ( ! two dance pantomimes are p]fectly display$ by ^! two mo/ tal5t$ arti/s ( ! revolution>y gr\p1 z _! mim+ & danc+ are *>act]iz$ by a c]ta9 natural s(tness ( movem5t1 ! quality ( languor & passion4 ,b x 0 ! music ( ,igor ,/rav9sky1 a "y ,russian compos] work+ 9 ! impressioni/ic /yle1 t sav$ ! situation ( ! new ballet4 ,/rav9sky has a g5ius = ! ballet1 su* z p]haps ! _w has nev] se5 be=e4 ,h[ev]1 he seems to be greatly hamp]$ by lack ( prop] conception ( :at con/itutes ! mod]n ballet4 ,x is evid5t t he is influ5c$ 9 8 compositions too mu* by ! ,diaghileff-,fok9e t5d5cies1 z mo/ ( 8 ballets are built up 9 ! old =m ( con/ruction1 ?\gh ! phonetic images & _s are new4 ,8 music is graphically vivid1 z x %\ld be1 has a /rong rhy?m & inspir+ mod]n _s4 ,x is ! =m ( con/ruction t he has n grasp$ yet fully1 except 9 8 ,petr\*ka4 ,?is ,petr\*ka1 ,/rav9sky's ma/]piece1 is a ,russian burlesque tak5 f an old fairy-/ory ( ,h>lequ9 9 love ) ! ,cl[n's wife4 ,9 ?is ballet ! sc5es are spl5didly arrang$ by ,fok9e & ! music is ?rill+4 ,! puppet has always ex]cis$ a curi\s fasc9ation ^u ! human m9d4 ,! animat$ doll is a fanta/ic & yet pa!tic symbol ( our emotions4 ,petr\*ka is ! ,russian c\nt]p>t ( ,engli% #8,pun* & ,judy1' ?\gh diff]+ 9 its m s5tim5tal "*4 ,petr\*ka repres5ts ! "* ( a real puppet4 ,/rav9sky has wov5 a dramatic plot ar\nd ! puppet /age4 #8,to take u beh9d ! sc5es & %[ ! m+l$ com$y & trag$y ( ! puppet _w1 0 a true & dramatic inspiration' ( ! compos]4 ,! sc5ic effect ( ,petr\*ka is calculat$ to create a melan*oly feel+ 9 ! spectator ) its bleak gray backgr\nd & dull frigidity4 ,x gives a /rik+ contra/ to ! b>b>ic colors ( ! cr[d on ! /age4 ,"o has ! feel+ ( opaque lead5 skies1 ( sn[ & gay p at a fair4 ,! co/umes & sc5]y design$ by ,b5ois are true to ,russian life & /rik+ly 9 h>mony ) ! dance4 ,9 e phrase ( ! music ! compos] %[s himself a ma/] ( ! art ( writ+ ballet music4 #8,?r\gh\t ! f\r sc5es he displays n only a nice s5se ( dramatic firmness1 b a %rewd appreciation ( "*4 ,9 ! treatm5t 8 humor\s p]cept is ( l>ge assi/ance4 ,9 ! trumpet dance by :i* ! ,blackamoor is fir/ lur$ into ! fair "o's toils or 9 ! sl[] pas de fasc9ation1 by :i* ! conque/ ( him is complet$1 ,/rav9sky's s5se ( ! ludicr\s has turn$ two sl5d] occasions to mo/ div]t+ acc\nt4 ,a piece ( clev] or*e/ration is a passage at ! outset ( ! op5+ sc5e :]e ! compos] succe$s n only 9 reproduc+ ! peculi> s\nds ( an old hurdy-gurdy1 b weaves ! opposition betwe5 two su* compet+ in/rum5ts into a mo/ ent]ta9+ & h>moni\s discord4' ,z 9 all ! o!r ,/rav9sky ballet compositions1 ! or*e/ration ( ,petr\*ka is reali/ically true to ! action & ! *>act]s ( ! play4 ,x is full-blood$ & mod]n4 ,x brea!s an air ( ! unsophi/icat$ joy ( a simple p :o att5d to _! affairs reg>dless ( conv5tional re/rictions4 ,nij9sky1 ) 8 dramatic flexibility & vigor1 makes ! play a vivid fairy tale 9 actuality1 or r gives life to a dream ( a fairy tale4 #8,t ! ballet is !reby end[$ ) mean+1 an inw>dness1 :i* x might n o!rwise possess1 mu/ be acc\nt$ z a tribute to ! danc]'s g5ius1' writes an ,engli% critic4 ,ano!r spl5did ,/rav9sky ballet p]=m$ by ! ,diaghileff company is ,l',oiseau de ,feu4 ,fok9e has arrang$ ! music successfully 9 ?is ballet4 ,l ,petr\*ka1 x is bas$ ^u a folk-tale4 ,! ov]ture ( ! play indicates t a fanta/ic /ory is to foll[4 ,/range mutt]+s & unexpect$ h>monies dispose ! he>] to an atmosph]e ( ano!r _w4 ,! adv5tur\s pantomime op5s 9 a gloomy =e/ emanat+ an air ( midnight my/]ies4 ,b ! music gl[s gradually l ! magic gl[ 9 ! =e/4 ,"o sees ! spectacul> ,fire ,bird float+ d[nw>d t[>d ! /age4 ,n[ danc+ & music melt into "o fasc9at+ picture ( two dim5sions1 to :i* ! brilliant sc5ic effects add a special spiritual note4 ,p]=m$ by ,k>sav9a1 z ! ,fire ,bird1 ! ballet is excell5t4 ,b ,/rav9sky has succe$$ less well 9 8 po/-impressioni/ic ,le ,sacre du ,pr9temps4 ,?is consi/s ( two tableaux ( anci5t pagan ,russia4 ,! fir/ sc5e is ! adoration ( ! e>?2 ! second1 ! adoration ( ! sun4 ,! music is less spontane\s & less graphic ?an t 9 ,/rav9sky's o!r ballets4 ,b1 all 9 all1 ,/rav9sky rema9s ! greate/ draw+ c>d & ! greate/ /hetic factor 9 ! art ( ! ,russian ballet rebels4 ,a *>m+ numb] 9 ! rep]toire ( ! ,diaghileff company is ,balakireff's ,?am>4 ,balakireff wrote ?is z a symphonic poem on an ,ori5tal !me1 b ,bak/ has manufactur$ out ( x a ballet4 ,! music is v beautiful & typically ,russian4 ,! /ory is a ?rill+ tale ( ,caucasian life1 :i* takes place at an anci5t ca/le built 9 a gorge ( romantic m\nta9s4 ,b because x is an artificial con/ruction1 x is less int]e/+ musically & *oreographically ?an ! ,/rav9sky ballets4 ,! ,russian new ballet has attempt$ to p]=m ,claude ,debussy's ,l',aprs-,midi d'un ,faun1 & ,ri*>d ,/rauss' ,la ,lg5de de ,joseph4 ,9 ! latt] ballet a new ,russian danc]1 ,leonide ,miass9e1 0 introduc$ 9 ! title rle4 ,nei!r ,miass9e nor ,la ,lg5de de ,joseph prov$ great attractions4 ,magnific5t z ,/rauss & ,debussy are 9 _! mod]n compositions o!rwise1 9 ballet music !y rema9 m$iocrities4 ,_! rhy?m is s anmic1 _! images s hazy & _! episodes s disconnect$ t n ev5 a ,nij9sky or a ,k>sav9a c\ld put life into !m4 ,9 criticis+ ! new ,russian ballet ( ,diaghileff & ,fok9e1 ,pr9ce ,volkhonsky writes3 #8,_! ma9 defect is t !y develop ! dance indep5d5tly f ! music2 !y are a design by !mselves--complicat$1 int]e/+1 v (t5 pleas+ to ! eye1 yet indep5d5t ( ! music4 ,& we h already se5 :5 we spoke ( ! old codas t ! mo/ unpret5ti\s figure1 ev5 :5 banal1 becomes inspir+ :5 x co9cides ) ! musical movem5t1 &1 on ! contr>y1 ! mo/ int]e/+ 8picturesque0 figure loses mean+ :5 x develops 9 discord ) music4 ,look at "s dance1 def9ite1 exact1 t has cry/alliz$ itself )9 well-e/abli%$ limits2 y may look at x ev5 )\t music4 ,b try to wat* a pantomime )\t music4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 x w be a design )\t color1 q an acceptable =m2 9 ! second x w be a body )\t skeleton--some?+ unacceptable4' ,! ,russian new ballet is an int]e/+ pro( ( ! f>-rea*+ effect t ! naturali/ic s*ool ( danc+ indirectly ex]cis$ ^u ! developm5t ( ! art ( danc+4 ,! ef=ts ( ! re=m t ,fok9e is attempt+ to a*ieve are admirable & %[ ! great possibilities t ! revolutioni/s face 9 ! imm$iate future4 ,_! :ole drawback has be5 9 _! conception ( ! =m & music4 ,ev5 ,/rav9sky has n be5 able to %ake himself loose f ! old pantomimic =m4 ,b soon] or lat] !y w see ! new po9t ( view & ackn[l$ge ! mi/ake t e re=m] is apt to make 9 8 fir/ /ep4 ,! ,russians h ! te*nique1 ! music1 ! innate tal5t & ! traditions = all future *oreographic inspiration4 ,! solution lies1 to a great ext5t1 9 ! cop]ative "w ( _! compos]s1 writ]s1 critics1 pa9t]s1 design]s1 tea*]s & danc]s4 ,,*apt] ,,xviii ,,! ,,eurhy?mics ,,( ,,jacques-,,dalcroze ,jacques-,dalcroze & 8 cre$2 ess5tials ( ! #8,eurhy?mic' sy/em--,body-rhy?m2 ! pla/ic expression ( musical ideas2 m]its & %ortcom+s ( ! ,dalcroze sy/em--,speculation on ! value ( ,eurhy?mics to ! dance4 ,i ,:at app>5tly proves to be ! elem5t>y /ep 9 build+ up a new s*ool ( *oreography--p]haps t :i* "s ( ! y\ng] danc]s h *os5 ei!r by accid5t or by r\ndab\t ways--are ! ,jacques-,dalcroze ,rhy?mic ,gymna/ics or #8,eurhy?mics' on ! ord] ( ! anci5t ,greeks4 ,?us f> ?is /yle ( danc+ is m]ely 9 its prelim9>y =m4 ,!re=e x is n[ z difficult to draw any def9ite conclusion1 z x 0 ab\t #aije1 :5 ! ,swiss compos] ,dalcroze1 :o _h be5 s9ce #ahib a pr(essor ( h>mony at ! ,g5eva ,cons]vatoire1 fir/ laun*$ ! movem5t4 ,h[ev]1 ! sy/ematic "w ( in/ruction by ,dalcroze began 9 #aiaj1 :5 ! bro!rs ,wolf & ,h>ald ,dohrn invit$ him to come to ,dresd51 :]e1 9 ! suburb ( ,hell]au1 !y built = him a ,college ( ,rhy?mic ,gymna/ics4 ,f ?is "t on ! inv5tor ( ! new me?od began a sy/ematic tra9+ ( "y m5 & wom54 ,e!l ,+ham writes ( ! life at ! college at ,hell]au3 #8,! day comm5ces ) ! s\nd+ ( a gong at sev5 o'clock2 ! h\se is imm$iately alive1 & "s are (f to ! ,college = a ,sw$i% gymna/ic lesson be=e breakfa/1 o!rs breakfa/ at half-pa/ sev5 & h _! lesson lat]4 ,!re is always a half h\r ( ord9>y gymna/ics to beg9 )4 ,!n !re w be a lesson 9 ,solfge1 "o 9 ,rhy?mic ,gymna/ics1 & "o 9 ,improvisation1 ea* la/+ = fifty m9utes1 ) an int]val ( t5 m9utes betwe5 lessons4' #8,"o ( ! mo/ m>k$ t5d5cies ( ! mod]n /hetic !ory is to break d[n ! b>ri]s t conv5tion has creat$ betwe5 ! v>i\s arts1' writes ,mi*ael ,t4 ,h4 ,sadl] ( ! value ( ,jacques-,dalcroze's eurhy?mics to art4 #8,! tru? is com+ to be realiz$ t ! ess5tial factor ( poetry1 pa9t+1 sculpture1 ar*itecture & music is really ( ! same quality1 & t "o art does n diff] f ano!r 9 any?+ b ! me?od ( its expression & ! conditions connect$ ) t me?od4 #8,! common basis to ! arts is m easily admitt$ ?an def9$1 b "o important elem5t 9 x--p]haps ! only elem5t t c be giv5 a "n--is rhy?m4 ,rhy?m ( bodily movem5t1 ! dance1 is ! e>lie/ =m ( arti/ic expression kn[n4 ,x is accompani$ 9 ne>ly e case ) rude music1 ! object be+ to emphasize ! beat & rhy?mic movem5t ) s\nd4 ,! quickness ) :i* *ildr5 respond to simple repetition ( beat1 translat+ ! rhy?m ( ! music into movem5t1 is m]ely ! recurr5ce ( hi/orical developm5t4 #8,to speak ( ! rhy?m ( pa9t+ may seem fanciful1 b ,i ?9k t is only lack ( famili>ity4 ,! expression is us$ "h ) no int5tion ( metaphor4 ,great pictures h a v m>k$ & real rhy?m1 ( color1 ( l9e1 ( feel+4 ,! be/ prose-writ+ has equally a di/9ct rhy?m4 #8,!re 0 nev] an age 9 ! hi/ory ( art :5 rhy?m play$ a m important "p ?an x does to-day4 ,! tea*+ ( ,m4 ,dalcroze at ,hell]au is a brilliant expression ( ! mod]n desire = rhy?m 9 its mo/ fundam5tal =m--t ( bodily movem5t4 ,let x be cle>ly und]/ood f ! fir/ t ! rhy?mic tra9+ at ,hell]au has an importance f> deep] & m ext5d$ ?an is conta9$ 9 its imm$iate arti/ic beauty1 its excell5ce z a purely musical tra9+1 or its value to physical developm5t4 ,! beauty ( ! classes is amaz+2 ! actor z well z ! design] ( /age-effects w come to ?ank ,m4 ,dalcroze = ! greate/ contribution to _! art t any age c %[4 ,he has recreat$ ! human body z a decorative unit4 ,he has %[n h[ m51 wom5 & *ildr5 c gr\p !mselves & c be gr\p$ 9 designs z lovely z any pa9t+ design1 ) ! add$ *>m ( movem5t4 ,he has taught ! individuals _! own p[] ( graci\s motion & attitude4 ,musically & physically ! results are equally wond]ful4 ,b ! tra9+ is m ?an a m]e musical education2 x is also emphatically m ?an gymna/ics4 #8,to take a joy 9 ! beauty ( ! body1 to tra9 8 m9d to move graci\sly & h>moni\sly bo? 9 itself & 9 relation to ^? ar\nd him1 f9ally1 to make 8 :ole life rhy?mic--su* an ideal is n only possible b almo/ inevitable to ! pupil at ,hell]au4 ,! ke5ness :i* possesses ! :ole ,college1 ! delight ( e "o 9 8 "w1 _! comrade%ip1 _! lack ( self-consci\sness1 _! clean s5se ( ! beauty ( natural =m1 promise a new & m h>moni\s race1 almo/ a realization ( ,r\sseau's ideals1 & ) x an era ( truly arti/ic production4' ,dalcroze's s*ool has emphasiz$ t its purpose is n m]ely to tra9 danc]s b to educate = life g5]ally4 ,8 !ory is t all ! p %\ld be rais$ to feel & appreciate ! intr9sic value ( ! rhy?m1 :i* is be/ prov5 9 ,m4 ,dalcroze's own essay1 ,le ,rhy?me1 :i* 0 publi%$ 9 #aiji4 #8,s*ools ( ,music1' he says1 #8=m]ly frequ5t$ only by born musicians1 gift$ f bir? ) unusual p[]s ( p]ception = s\nd & rhy?m1 to-day receive all :o are fond ( music1 h[ev] little ,nature may h end[$ !m ) ! necess>y capacity = musical expression & realization4 ,! numb] ( solo play]s1 bo? piani/s & viol9i/s1 is con/antly increas+1 in/rum5tal te*nique is be+ develop$ to an extraord9>y degree1 b ev]y:]e1 too1 ! "q is be+ ask$ :e!r ! quality ( ! in/rum5tal play]s is equal to _! quantity1 & :e!r ! acquirem5t ( extraord9>y te*nique is n jo9$ to musical p[]s1 if n ( ! fir/ rank1 at lea/ normal4 #8,( t5 c]tifi$ piani/s ( to-day1 at ! mo/ "o1 if inde$ "o1 is capable ( recogniz+ "o key f ano!r1 ( improvis+ f\r b>s ) "* or s z to give pleasure to ! li/5]1 ( giv+ expression to a composition )\t ! help ( ! m or less num]\s annotations ) :i* pres5t-day compos]s h to burd5 _! "w1 ( exp]i5c+ any feel+ :atev] :5 !y li/5 to1 or p]=m1 ! composition ( ano!r4 ,! solo play]s ( old] days 7 )\t exception complete musicians1 able to improvise & compose1 arti/s driv5 irresi/ibly t[>ds art by a noble ?ir/ = /hetic expression1 :]eas mo/ "y p :o devote !mselves n[adays to solo play+ h ! gifts nei!r ( he>+ nor ( expression1 are cont5t to imitate ! compos]'s expression )\t ! p[] ( feel+ x1 & h no o!r s5sibility ?an t ( ! f+]s1 no o!r motor faculty ?an an automatism pa9fully acquir$4 ,solo play+ ( ! pres5t day has specializ$ 9 a f+] te*nique :i* takes no acc\nt ( ! faculty ( m5tal expression4 ,x is no long] a means1 x has become an end4 #8,!re are two physical ag5ts by means ( :i* we appreciate music4 ,^! two ag5ts are ! e> z reg>ds s\nd1 & ! :ole n]v\s sy/em z reg>ds rhy?m4 ,exp]i5ce has %[n me t ! tra9+ ( ^! two ag5ts _c easily be c>ri$ out simultane\sly4 ,a *ild f9ds x difficult to appreciate at ! same "t a succession ( notes =m+ a melody & ! rhy?m :i* animates !m4 #8,be=e tea*+ ! relation :i* exi/s betwe5 s\nd & movem5t1 x is wise to und]take ! indep5d5t /udy ( ea* ( ^! two elem5ts4 ,tone is evid5tly second>y1 s9ce x has n its orig9 & model 9 ourselves1 :]eas movem5t is in/9ctive 9 man & !re=e prim>y4 ,!re=e ,i beg9 ! /udy ( music by c>eful & exp]im5tal tea*+ ( movem5t4 ,?is is bas$ 9 e>lie/ *ildhood on ! automatic ex]cise ( m>*+1 = m>*+ is ! natural model ( "t measure4 #8,by means ( v>i\s acc5tuations ) ! foot1 ,i tea* ! diff]5t "t measures4 ,pauses 7( v>i\s l5g?7 9 ! m>*+ tea* ! *ildr5 to di/+ui% duration ( s\nd2 movem5ts to "t ) ! arms & ! head pres]ve ord] 9 ! succession ( ! "t measures & analyze ! b>s & pauses4 #8,un/eady "t :5 s++ or play+1 confusion 9 play+1 inability to foll[ :5 accompany+1 acc5tuat+ too r\ghly or ) lack ( precision1 all ^! faults h _! orig9 9 ! *ild's muscul> & n]v\s control1 9 lack ( cord9ation betwe5 ! m9d :i* conceives1 ! bra9 :i* ord]s1 ! n]ve :i* transmits & ! muscle :i* executes4 ,& /ill m1 ! p[] ( phras+ & %ad+ music ) feel+ dep5ds equally ^u ! tra9+ ( ! n]ve-c5tres1 ^u ! cord9ation ( ! muscul> sy/em1 ^u rapid communication betwe5 bra9 & limbs--9 a ^w1 ^u ! heal? ( ! :ole organism2 & x is by try+ to discov] ! individual cause ( ea* musical defect1 & to f9d a means ( correct+ x1 t ,i h gradually built up my me?od ( eurhy?mics4 #8,! object ( ! me?od is1 9 ! fir/ in/ance1 to create by ! help ( rhy?m a rapid & regul> curr5t ( communication betwe5 bra9 & body2 & :at diff]5tiates my physical ex]cises f ^? ( pres5t-day me?ods ( muscul> developm5t is t ea* ( !m is conceiv$ 9 ! =m :i* c mo/ quickly e/abli% 9 ! bra9 ! image ( ! movem5t /udi$4 #8,x is a "q ( elim9at+ 9 e muscul> movem5t1 by ! help ( w1 ! untimely int]v5tion ( muscles unless = ! movem5t 9 "q1 & ?us develop+ att5tion1 consci\sness & w-p[]4 ,next mu/ be creat$ an automatic te*nique = all ^? muscul> movem5ts :i* d n ne$ ! help ( ! consci\sness1 s t ! latt] may be res]v$ = ^? =ms ( expression :i* are purely intellig5t4 ,?anks to ! cord9ation ( ! n]ve-c5tres1 to ! =mation & developm5t ( ! greate/ possible numb] ( motor habits1 my me?od assures ! free/ possible play to subconsci\s expression4 #8,! fir/ result ( a ?or\gh rhy?mic tra9+ is t ! pupil sees cle>ly 9 himself :at he really is1 & obta9s f 8 p[]s all ! advantage possible4 99 99 99 ,! education ( ! n]v\s sy/em mu/ be ( su* a nature t ! sugge/$ rhy?ms ( a "w ( art induce 9 ! individual analog\s vibrations1 produce a p[]ful reaction 9 him & *ange naturally into rhy?ms ( expression4 ,9 simpl] language ! body mu/ become capable ( respond+ to arti/ic rhy?ms & ( realiz+ !m q naturally )\t fe> ( exagg]ation4 #8,ge/ures & attitudes ( ! body complete1 animate & enliv5 any rhy?mic music writt5 simply & naturally )\t special reg>d to tone1 &1 j z 9 pa9t+ !re exi/ side by side a s*ool ( ! nude & a s*ool ( ! l&scape1 s 9 music !re may be develop$1 side by side1 pla/ic music & music pure & simple4 ,9 ! s*ool ( l&scape pa9t+ emotion is creat$ entirely by comb9ations ( mov+ light & by ! rhy?ms ?us caus$4 ,9 ! s*ool ( ! nude1 :i* pictures ! _m %ades ( expression ( ! human body1 ! arti/ tries to %[ ! human s\l z express$ by physical =ms1 enliv5$ by ! emotions ( ! mom5t1 & at ! same "t ! *>act]i/ics suitable to ! individual & ! race1 su* z !y appe> ?r\gh mom5t>y physical modifications4 #8,at ! pres5t day pla/ic /age music is n int]pret$ at all1 = dramatic s+]s1 /age manag]s & conductors d n und]/& ! relation exi/+ betwe5 ge/ure & music1 & ! absolute ignorance reg>d+ pla/ic expression :i* *>act]izes ! lyric actors ( our day is a real pr(anation ( sc5ic musical art4 ,n only are s+]s all[$ to walk & ge/iculate on ! /age )\t pay+ any att5tion to ! "t1 b also no %ade ( expression1 dynamic or motor1 ( ! or*e/ra--cresc5do1 decresc5do1 accel]&o1 rallet&o--f9ds 9 _! ge/ures adequate realization4 ,by ?is ,i mean ! k9d ( :olly in/9ctive trans=mation ( s\nd movem5ts into bodily movem5ts su* z my me?od tea*es4' ,,ii ,?is is briefly ! ess5tial "p ( ! ,jacques-,dalcroze s*ool ( ,eurhy?mics4 ,! me?od falls into ?ree ma9 divisions3 7#a7 e> tra9+2 7#b7 rhy?mic gymna/ics2 & 7#c7 improvisations4 ,! e> me?od is no?+ b ! tra9+ ( ! pupil 9 an accurate s5se ( pit* & a grasp ( tonality4 ,h[ev]1 ! sy/em ( tea*+ rhy?mic gymna/ics is bas$ ^u two diff]5t me?ods3 "t & "t-values4 ,"t is express$ by movem5ts ( ! arms2 "t-values--note durations--by movem5ts ( ! feet & body4 ,a comb9ation ( ^! two me?ods is call$ ! pla/ic c\nt]po9t1 9 :i* ! actual notes play$ are repres5t$ by movem5ts ( ! arms1 :ile ! c\nt]po9t 9 crot*ets1 quav]s or semi-quav]s1 is giv5 by ! feet4 ,! crot*et z ! unit ( note-values is express$ by means ( a /ep4 ,?us = ea* note 9 ! music !re is "o /ep4 ,notes ( %ort] duration ?an ! crot*et are also express$ by /eps1 only !y are quick] 9 proportion to _! frequ5cy4 #8,:5 ! movem5ts correspond+ to ! notes f ! crot*et to ! :ole note ( twelve beats h1 ) all _! details1 become a habit1 ! pupil ne$ only make !m m5tally1 cont5t+ himself ) "o /ep =w>d4 ,?is /ep w h ! exact l5g? ( ! :ole note1 :i* w be m5tally analyz$ into its v>i\s elem5ts4 ,al?\gh ^! elem5ts are n individually p]=m$ by ! body1 _! images & ! inn]vations sugge/$ by ^! images take ! place ( ! movem5ts4' ,! fir/ tra9+ ( a pupil 9 ! ,dalcroze s*ool consi/s ( /eps only4 ,simple music is play$ to :i* ! pupils m>*4 ,aft] ! pupil has an elem5t>y comm& ( 8 legs ! rhy?mic tra9+ ( 8 arms & body beg9s4 ,at ?is /age ! simple movem5ts to indicate rhy?ms & notes are made a second nature ( ! pupil4 ,?is c be comp>$ to ! pupil's le>n+ ( ! alphabet4 ,pla/ic read+ consi/s ( compos+ m or less def9ite images f ! elem5t>y rhy?m-units4 ,?is is done ei!r individually or 9 gr\ps4 ,! pupil is taught to =m cle> m5tal images ( ! movem5ts correspond+ to ! rhy?m 9 "q & !n give physical expression to ^? images4 ,z a *ild le>ns to compose lett]s & syllables to words & words to phrases1 a ,dalcroze pupil is taught to und]/& ! elem5t>y p>ts ( ! music & ! rules ( its composition & to recompose x into a l5g?y s]ies ( body movem5ts4 ,! ma9 object ( ,dalcroze's me?od is to express by rhy?mic movem5ts rhy?ms p]ceiv$ by ! e>4 ,! exactness ( su* expression is ! ma9 aim ( ! s*ool4 ,! body mu/ react mom5t>ily to ! "t & s\nd-units ( ! music t ! e> p]ceives4 ,z ! w9d creates waves 9 ! sea1 music is meant to create motion 9 ! human body4 ,p]cy ,b4 ,+ham writes t *>act]i/ic ex]cises ( ?is gr\p are #8beat+ ! same "t ) bo? arms b 9 canon1 beat+ two diff]5t tempi ) ! arms :ile ! feet m>* to "o or p]haps m>* to yet a ?ird "t1 e4 g41 ! arms #c_/d & #d_/d1 ! feet #e_/d4 ,!re are1 also1 ex]cises 9 ! analysis ( a giv5 "t unit into v>i\s fractions simultane\sly1 e4 g41 9 a #f_/h b> "o arm may beat ?ree to ! b>1 ! o!r arm two1 :ile ! feet m>* six4' ,accord+ to ,dalcroze's pla/ic !ory ! arms %\ld express ! !me 9 mak+ z _m movem5ts z !re are notes1 :ile ! feet %\ld m>k ! c\nt]po9t 9 crot*ets1 quav]s1 triplets or semi-quav]s4 ,a comp\nd rhy?m c be express$ by ! arms tak+ "o rhy?m1 ! feet1 ano!r4 ,?is is meant to correspond to ! te*nical ex]cises ( or*e/ral music1 by tra9+ ! body to react to ! v>i\s tones ( diff]5t in/rum5ts4 ,! g5]al purpose1 h[ev]1 is & rema9s ! developm5t ( feel+ = rhy?m by tea*+ ! physical expression ( body rhy?ms4 ,!re is no d\bt t %ades ( cresc5dos & decresc5dos1 =tes & pianissimos are a*iev$ by ?is me?od1 yet ! "q rema9s3 h[ ne> does ! ,dalcroze s*ool come to visualiz+ ! music 9 all its symbolic & spiritual dep?s8 ,music is m ?an rhy?m2 x is a subjective symbolic language ( our s\l & ! univ]se4 ,x is a my/ic factor ( life1 human & cosmic4 ,!re is an unacc5tuat$ language 9 e g5ial & great composition1 an /hetic image & philosophic mean+ t we c grasp n by means ( ! intellect b mo/ly ?r\gh ! emotions1 & x is 9 express+ ?is t ,dalcroze's s*ool has fail$ 9 s f>4 ,dalcroze has aim$ to express ! elem5tal factors ( ! music1 & 9 ?is he has succe$$4 ,! p]=mances giv5 by ,mr4 ,t4 ,j>ecki1 "o ( ! mo/ tal5t$ ( ! graduates ( ,hell]au1 are suffici5t pro( ( ! fact t ! s*ool has its %ortcom+s 9 ! above-m5tion$ directions4 ,he p]=m$ a ,prelude by ,*op91 a composition ( ,ra*man9(f1 "o by ,s*ub]t1 & sev]al numb]s ( o!r classics 9 a co/ume t look$ l a ba?+ suit4 ,p[]ful z he 0 9 all 8 rhy?mic grace1 he yet fail$ to translate ! musical language ( ! compositions by means ( bodily pla/icity4 ,*op9's & ,ra*man9(f's preludes possess di/9ct tonal expressions & designs ( some?+ v human & emotional t lies beyond m]e rhy?m4 ,poetry is bas$ on ! laws ( rhy?m1 yet x is n alone ! rhy?m t makes a poem beautiful1 b ! image t x creates4 ,?us 9 ! art ( dance x is n only ! rhy?m b ! /hetic episode t conc]ns a danc] mo/ ( all4 ,x is ! trans=mation ( ?is phonetic episode into pla/ic =ms1 ! visualization ( ! audible beauty1 t lies at ! bottom ( e great dance4 ,?is requires c]ta9 symbols & ^? lie beyond ! a*ievem5ts ( ! ,dalcroze graduates4 ,,iii ,! great value ( ,dalcroze's me?od lies 9 8 insi/5ce on p]fect rhy?m z an elem5t>y tra9+ ^u :i* ! com+ art ( danc+ c be bas$4 ,! v>i\s folk-dances are outspok5ly rhy?mic1 b !y conta9 t peculi> racial flavor :i* is v difficult to keep outside its prop] atmosph]e & race4 ,we h f\nd t ! be/ ,russian danc]s c\ld n give ! simple folk-dances ( ano!r race ) ! racial p]fection :i* a native untra9$ folk-danc] w\ld h imp>t$ to x4 ,9 ! same way =eign danc]s ) _! be/ ef=ts fail 9 try+ to dance :at a ,russian dances4 ,! national dances c be employ$ z valuable bases = ! individual art1 b t is all4 ,!y lack ! cosmic elem5t1 ! language ( ! _w4 ,an ,italian und]/&s 8 ,t>antella1 a ,spani>d 8 ,f&ango1 a ,russian 8 ,trepak be/ ( all4 ,! future art ( danc+ ne$s a univ]sal elem5t ( *oreographic design & x is 9 ?is t ! ,dalcroze s*ool may be ( imm5se value4 ,x bases ev]y?+ on rhy?m only1 :i* is v significant1 b its aim %\ld lie f> beyond t4 ,rhy?m is ! syllable & ! ^w1 b words mu/ be comb9$ into phrases & phrases into p>agraphs be=e we c read a /ory4 ,x is aft] all ! /ory 9 :i* ! m9d is int]e/$1 n ! words & phrases4 ,we h se5 9 previ\s *apt]s t ! f\ndation ( ! ballet lacks ! firmness & s\ndness ( a natural art4 ,x is decad5t & altoge!r %aky4 ,no g5ius c\ld build any?+ la/+ unless ! f\ndation is firm4 ,! aim ( danc+ is n acrobatic nor gymna/ic effect1 b pla/icity4 ,symmetry is ! *ief elem5t ( ar*itecture1 rhy?m t ( music4 ,if we c comb9e ! symmetric rules ) ^? ( ! rhy?mic we h ! basis ^u :i* a new *oreography c be built4 ,isadora ,duncan1 ,fok9e1 ,lada1 ,tr\hanova & _m o!rs are try+ to grasp ! tru? 9 _! individual ways1 b ! elem5tal tru? lies 9 ,dalcroze's sy/em4 ,t ,dalcroze has n aim$ to tra9 any /age arti/s is evid5c$ by ! ba?+-suit-l co/ume t 8 pupils we>1 :i* 9 itself is un/hetic & objectionable to our eye1 ?\gh x may fit well = regul> class-room "w4 ,x is at illusion t ! /age aims1 & ?is is n to be f\nd 9 nak$ realism b 9 some?+ else4 ,illu/ration ,illu/ration3 ,a ,pla/ic ,pantomime 7,dalcroze ,eurhy?mics7 ,"s writ]s & critics seem to ?9k t ! great importance ( ,dalcroze's sy/em lies 9 8 ,neo-,hell5ism1 9 t x is s close to ! anci5t ,greek ideas4 ,?is view is p>ticul>ly widespread 9 ,g]many1 ! c\ntry ( classic adoration4 ,b ,greek _s & ideals _c help b only mislead a mod]n man4 ,we h our problems1 s _m ?\s& ye>s ( evolution aft] ! ,greek civilization1 t diff] fundam5tally f ^? ( ! bygone c5turies4 ,x is n 9 look+ backw>d1 b 9 look+ =w>d t we h to f9d ! great cosmic ideal ( beauty4 ,dalcroze is by no means an imitator ( ! ,greeks1 b a man ( to-day4 ,he ma9ta9s emphatically t 8 me?od ( eurhy?mics is meant to be a g5]al educational subject 9 all ! s*ools--an elem5t>y rhy?mic tra9+ = life4 ,x is to be hop$ t ! ,dalcroze sy/em ( tra9+ danc]s w be employ$ z ! elem5t>y /ep 9 all ! danc+ s*ools1 = only !n we may hope to see ! rise ( a new art ( danc+4 ,)\t le>n+ ! alphabet ?or\ghly or )\t kn[+ ! mo/ elem5t>y rules ( a sci5ce no?+ c\ld be obta9$ by a pupil 9 8 lat] /udies4 ,"h is ! elem5t>y sy/em 9 all its primitive simplicity & tru?4 ,all we ne$ is to adapt x to ! high] s*ools ( *oreography4 ,:at ! ,dalcroze s*ool+ ( to-day gives is insuffici5t = a /age art4 ,b x is by f> a m ?or\gh elem5t>y tra9+ ?an any ballet1 naturali/ic or individual s*ool c give1 z x makes a /ud5t feel ! music 9 8 body & s\l be=e he expresses x 9 8 pla/ic =ms4 ,!n aga91 !re is a /rict sy/em1 a me?od ( gradual developm5t ( ^? ess5tials :i* lie at ! bottom ( e art dance4 ,9 spite ( ! _m %ortcom+s ! ,jacques-,dalcroze s*ool c be consid]$ z ! fir/ move t[>ds a new /age art4 ,x means ! beg9n+ ( a new s*ool ( danc+ altoge!r4 ,h[ev]1 x ne$s ano!r re=m] to beg9 :]e ,dalcroze end$4 ,c we expect ?is ( ,fok9e1 ,volkhonsky or "s "o else8 ,dance 9 its highe/ s5se is symbolic4 ,! symbols t x expresses %\ld n be o!rs ?an ^? ( music4 ,we "k only t !y %\ld =m images ( ! symmetric & rhy?mic elem5ts1 b _! exact nature rema9s ei!r = an individual arti/ or a future s*ool to det]m9e4 ,,*apt] ,,xix ,,pla/omimic ,,*oreography ,! defects ( ! new ,russian & o!r mod]n s*ools2 ! new ideals2 ,pr9ce ,volkhonsky's !ories--,lada & *oreographic symbolism--,! "q ( appropriate music4 ,i ,we h witness$ ! v>i\s phases & *anges :i* ! art ( danc+ has und]gone dur+ ! pa/ c5turies4 ,! anci5t ,egyptians danc$ ! movem5ts ( a/ral bodies1 ! ,greeks danc$ ! hymns ( _! my?ology1 ! ,romans _! w> songs1 ! ,middle ,ages danc$ ! ari/ocratic etiquette ( gild$ ball-rooms1 ! ,fr5* ,ballet danc$ to /]eotyp$ tunes ) m>ionette-l mann]s1 ! ,russian ,ballet danc$ to dramatic sc5>ios t _h musical accompanim5t1 ! v>i\s nations danc$ to _! simple tunes1 ! ,duncanites to ! mood-creat+ elem5ts ( ! music1 ! ,jacques-,dalcrozi/s to ! rhy?m ( a composition only4 ,x is inconceivable t none ( ! re=m]s1 none ( ! new s*ools1 danc$ ! music itself4 ,^? among ! p>tisans ( #8natural' or #8classic' danc+ :o claim to int]pret ! music h giv5 u ?us f> suppos$ imitations ( ! ,greek1 ,ori5tal or fanta/ic /yles ( "s k9d1 bas$ ^u hazy rhy?mic mood-produc+ =ms ( a composition4 ,we h se5 only fragm5t>y passages "h & !re1 s+le numb]s ( ! celebrat$ danc]s1 :i* express$ ! phonetic designs ( ! music 9 true pla/ic l9es4 ,pavlova has c]ta9ly succe$$ 9 express+ all ! emotional fury ( ,glaz\n(f's ,l',autmne ,bac*anale1 ! grace ( ,drigo's ,papillons1 & ,sa9t-,sans' #8,! ,swan4' ,we mu/ give all due cr$it to ,k>sav9a1 = h] danc+ ( ,/rav9sky's ,l',oiseau de ,feu1 & half a doz5 o!rs ( h] rep]toire depict truly ! v s\l ( ! music4 ,! *ild pupils ( ,miss ,duncan dance all ! e!real grace ( ,s*ub]t's ,mom5ts ,musicals4 ,9 ! same way we f9d 9 "o or sev]al dances ( ,mordk91 ,nij9sky & ,vol991 ( ,lopokova1 ,fok9a & ,kya%t t !y h succe$$ 9 danc+ ! music4 ,we are pretty safe to say t ea* ( ! celebrat$ danc]s ( hi/ory has probably be5 able to translate into visible #8pla/icism' only a few ( ! phonetic =ms ( "o or ano!r composition ( 8 rep]toire4 ,& ?is is :at we may t]m #8danc+ ! music4' ,we h att5d$ innum]able dance p]=mances1 h se5 _m new & old ballets1 9 ,russia & abroad1 h se5 ! new & ultra-mod]n danc]s1 yet we h s f> se5 b a microscopic fragm5t ( :at we "h call #8danc+ ! music4' ,c]ta9ly ! greate/ "p ( ! rep]toire ( all ! celebrat$ danc]s has be5 ! danc+ ( some?+ else ?an ! music4 ,all ! ,pavlova ballets t h be5 giv5 9 ,am]ica1 all ! elaborate ballets ( ! ,russian classic s*ool1 all ! ballets ( ! ,diaghileff-,fok9e gr\p1 are & rema9 dances to preconceiv$ plots1 dances to a /yle or a mood1 b r>ely dances ( ! music4 ,we %\ld l to h any ( ! celebrat$ danc]s %[ u :]e !re is expression ( ! music 9 all ! spectacul> pir\ettes ( ,pavlova1 ,k>sav9a1 ,nij9sky & ,fok9a1 9 _! dramatic act+ to a musical composition1 ev5 9 ! mo/ mod]n ballets ( ,/rav9sky4 ,! danc+ t !y p]=m dur+ ! :ole ballet is pantomimic act+ to a c]ta9 plot1 arrang$ to music4 ,we are n by any means bias$ 9 mak+ ! /atem5t1 b make x ) delib]ation4 ,danc]s ( v>i\s s*ools & ages h fail$ to see ! po9t4 ,?\gh ,pr9ce ,volkhonsky is prea*+ exclusively ! ,jacques-,dalcroze rhy?mic gymna/ics z ! basis ( a new s*ool ( dance & !re=e sees no?+ m 9 a dance ?an ! rhy?mic expression1 yet he has describ$ aptly ! defects ( ! ,russian ballets1 old & new1 ( ! ,duncanites & o!r mod]n s*ools ( danc+4 #8,_! ma9 defect is t !y develop indep5d5tly ( ! music1' he writes2 #8!y are a design by !mselves--complicat$1 int]e/+1 v (t5 pleas+ to ! eye1 yet indep5d5t ( ! music4 ,& we h already se5 :5 we spoke ( ! old codas t ! mo/ unpret5ti\s figure1 ev5 :5 banal1 becomes inspir+ :5 x co9cides ) ! musical movem5t1 &1 on ! contr>y1 ! mo/ int]e/+ picturesque figure loses mean+ :5 x develops 9 discord ) music4 ,look at "s dance1 def9ite & exact1 :i* has cry/alliz$ itself )9 well-e/abli%$ limits2 y may look at x ev5 )\t music1 b try to wat* a pantomime )\t music4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 x w be a design )\t color1 q an acceptable =m2 9 ! second1 x w be a body )\t skeleton--some?+ unacceptable4 #8,! ma9 fault ( ! lead]s ( ! mod]n ballet is t !y put ! c5tre ( gravity ( ! ballet 9 ! plot1 9 ! ev5t1 9 ! /ory3 :at 9 pa9t+ is call$ lit]ature4 ,:]eas ! subject ( ! ballet is n 9 ! plot1 ! subject is 9 ! music4 ,any picture :i* is n dictat$ by music1 any indep5d5t movem5t1 is synonym\s ) ab&onm5t ( ! subject1 ! ess5ce2 x is 9 ! end an int]ruption ( art1 an int]ruption caus$ by a rupture betwe5 ! two equival5t elem5ts ( ! visuo-audible art--s\nd & movem5t4 ,?is rupture ) music is all ! m felt ! m p>ticipants !re are 9 ! picture1 & ! m m>k$ly x t5ds t[>ds 8realism40 ,only look at !m :5 !y repres5t sc5es ( disord]2 & by & by we lose ! impression ( 8art02 we see real1 n repres5t$1 disord]2 & f9ally we are turn$ to ! dramatic po9t ( view1 & we are call$ ^u to admire ! 8act+ cr[d40 ,& if y are musical1 if y live 9 ! movem5t ( s\nd1 ?is indep5d5t visible movem5t _c b appe> z a sort ( unask$-= int]f]5ce ( "s intrud]4 ,! act+ cr[d is n admissible :]e a rhy?mically mov+ cr[d is requir$4 ,act+ leads ! arti/ out ( music & conducts him into ! plot2 & ! subject ( ballet1 ,i repeat1 is n 9 ! plot1 x is 9 ! music2 ! plot is b ! pretext4 #8,only ?r\gh ! rhy?m w ! ballet come back to music & accompli% ! fusion :i* has be5 de/roy$ by indep5d5t act+4 ,s*op5hau] said t music is a melody to :i* ! univ]se s]ves z a text2 take away ! music f ! ballet--x w h no?+ to say4 ,!re is q a cle> p>allel "h ) ! vocal art4 ,! musician composes a song2 he puts words to music4 ,imag9e a s+] com+ out & tell+ u only ! words2 he w be f> f ! fulfillm5t ( 8 task2 he w h accompli%$ b ! half ( x1 ! less] "p ( x4 ,x is ! same ) ! ballet2 ! musician composes ! ballet1 he puts ! plot to music4 ,imag9e a danc] com+ out & act+ ! plot alone2 he w be f> f ! fulfillm5t ( 8 task2 he w h accompli%$ b ! less] "p ( x4 ,= ! ballet does n relate h[ ! ,sleep+ ,beauty1 = in/ance1 fell asleep & awoke 7?is is ! bus9ess ( lit]ature1 declamation & drama72 ! ballet relates h[ music tells x4 ,music is ! only real ess5ce 9 t :i* =ms ! subject ( ! ballet4 ,all ! rema9+ 8reality10 ! real man ) 8 real movem5t1 is no?+ b a means ( expression1 no?+ b arti/ic mat]ial4 ,x is evid5t h[ wrong1 h[ (f5sive x is 7= a musician7 :5 ?is mat]ial ( liv+ movem5t embodies a new mov+ =mula :i* is n impli$ 9 ! music4 ,h y se5 ^? 8processions0 ( maid5s1 slaves1 prie/s1 etc48 ,h y ev] be5 %ock$ by ! discord ( _! walk ) music8 ,h y notic$ t ! pace :i* y see is q diff]5t f ! "o y he>8 ,h y ev] felt (f5d$ on see+ t !y /ep betwe5 ! notes & ?us give y ! impression ( syncopes :i* are 9 no way ju/ifi$ by music8 ,i am afraid y h n4 ,few are ^? :o realize ! importance ( ! accord ( movem5t & s\nd1 :o long = its realization1 &1 toge!r ) ,s*ill]1 desire t 8,music 9 its asc5dant ennoblem5t %all become ,image40 #8,! music we he> is ! subject ( ! image we see4 ,& 9 fact ! s+] s+s music1 ! danc] dances music1 & _c dance any?+ else2 he _c 8dance0 jeal\sy or grief or fright1 b he c & mu/ dance ! music :i* expresses ! feel+ ( jeal\sy1 grief or fright4 ,& :5 he has r5d]$ ! music he w1 by ! same means1 h r5d]$ its cont5ts1 & naturally ! silly "q w be dropp$3 8,h[ is x possible t on ! /age ! p %\ld dance ev]y?+1 :]eas 9 life only dances are danc$1 or1 at ! utmo/1 joy80 ,! "q is /range1 to be sure1 yet no less /range are ^? :o =get t ! only ?+ !y may dance is music1 & ?9k !y may dance a 8rle40 ,! dramatic pr9ciple bas$ ^u an arbitr>y division ( "t is directly oppos$ to ! *oreographic pr9ciple1 :i* is :olly f\nd$ on ! musical1 consequ5tly regulat$1 division ( "t4 ,!re=e ! introduction ( ! elem5t ( 8p]sonal feel+10,d ( individual *oice1 & ev5 m1 de/roys ! v ess5ce ( ! *oreographic art1 & eats away its v texture4 ,d ,z ! ,duncanites d4--,editor4 ,i d n speak aga9/ ! work+ out ( su*2 ,i speak aga9/ an indep5d5t work+ out--t is1 a sep>ate "o runn+ a c\rse o!r ?an t 9 :i* music is ! greate/ ess5tial4 ,i rememb] "o ( ! be/ ball]9as contort+ h]self 9 wild movem5ts ( angui% :ile ! notes ( ! viol9 7 dy+ away 9 "o long s\nd ( a trill4 ,%e 8act$10 & !re is1 ( c\rse1 no h>m 9 ?is1 b %e act$ accord+ to h] ideas1 in/ead ( act+ accord+ to music4 ,x is j ! same s9 aga9/ art z if a s+] 7 to execute a lyric song ) bravado4 ,w\ld y =give him8 ,:y1 !n1 d we n =give a s+]1 yet =give a mimic1 ev5 admire 8 8act+08 ,:y is x e "o und]/&s t s++ mu/ agree ) music1 & s few1 almo/ nobody1 feel ! (f5siv5ess ( movem5t :i* disagrees ) music8 ,& yet h[ s5sitive to ! obs]vation ( ! musico-pla/ic pr9ciple are ^? :o are s indiff]5t to its non-obs]vation4 ,h[ mu* !y enjoy1 ?\gh unconsci\sly1 e manife/ation ( t concordance6 ,we may say ) c]titude t = ! be/ mom5ts1 ! mom5ts ( greate/ satisfaction 9 ! liv+ art--t is1 ! musico-pla/ic art comb9+ ! visible ) ! audible--we are indebt$ to ! simultane\s concurr5ce ( ! pla/ic movem5t ) ! musical2 9 o!r words1 to ! equality 9 division ( space & "t4 ,9 an old ,fr5* treatise on ! dance1 publi%$ 9 ! ye> #aehi1 ! au?or says among o!r bits ( advice3 8,x is wrong = ! foot to say "o ?+ & ! in/rum5t ! o!r40 ,9 its nave concis5ess ?is s5t5ce repres5ts ! g]m ( all t has be5 said1 p]haps ) "s prolixity1 9 ^! pages4 #8,space & "t are ! fundam5tal conditions ( all mat]ial exi/5ce--& = t same reason ! inevitable conditions ( all mat]ial manife/ation ( man )9 ! limits ( 8 e>?ly be+4 ,if we agree t art is ! highe/ manife/ation ( ord] 9 matt]1 & ord] 9 its ess5ce no?+ b division ( space & "t1 we %all und]/& ! fullness ( arti/ic satisfaction :i* man mu/ feel :5 bo? 8 organs ( p]fection1 eye & e>1 convey to him n only ea* sep>ate enjoym5t1 b ! enjoym5t ( fusion2 :5 all 8 /hetic functions are awak5$ 9 him n sep>ately b collectively1 9 "o unique impression3 ! visible rhy?m p5etrat$ by ! audible1 ! audible realiz$ 9 ! visible1 & bo? unit$ 9 movem5t4 ,?is is ! comb9ation ( ! spacial ord] ) ! temporal4 ,& :5 ?is comb9ation is accompli%$1 & /ill m :5 x is animat$ ) expression1 !n no *ord ( human impressionability is left unt\*$1 no category ( human exi/5ce is neglect$2 space & "t are fill$ ) art1 ! :ole man is b "o /hetic p]ception4 #8,&1 once we h und]/ood all t1 h[ is x possible n to express ! wi% t ! lead]s ( ! art ( ! ballet %\ld assimilate ! pr9ciple ( concordance ( motion & music8 ,)\t ?is !re is no art 9 movem5t1 & all our old 8po9ts0 & 8f\etts10 all ^? records ( rapidity & difficulties are no?+ b words )\t significance1 :]eas ! new 8*oreographical0 pictures are b a dramatization ( movem5t to ! s\nd ( an accompany+ music4' ,,ii ,"o ( ! fir/ among liv+ danc]s to realize ! tru? ( ! above-describ$ lack ( concordance betwe5 motion & music 9 all ! anci5t & new s*ools1 & to devise1 intuitively1 a me?od ( h] own 9 express+ only ! music1 is ,lada1 a "y ,am]ican girl1 :o _h be5 assidu\sly /udy+ danc+ 9 ,europe & 9 ,russia4 ,%e felt s ke5ly ! discord 9 ! ballet1 9 ! art ( ,isadora ,duncan1 9 ! dances ( s _m mod]n celebrities1 t %e 0 l$ to draw h] inspiration f ! folk-dances ( v>i\s ,european c\ntries4 ,"h 0 some?+ simple & primitive1 ! simple & nave h>monic relation betwe5 ! audible1 & ! visible1 ! pla/ic1 conception4 ,x 0 ! concordance ( motion & music4 ,lada's ,new ,york db 9 ! late spr+ ( #aiad 01 9 spite ( s _m unfavorable circum/ances1 a *oreographic triumph su* z few danc]s h a*iev$ "u simil> conditions4 ,! ,new ,york musical & dramatic critics1 ?\gh unfamili> ) subtle *oreographic issues1 decl>$ h] an arti/ ( ! =emo/ rank4 ,yet ?is girl has n _h yet ! *ance to display ! be/ ( h] art4 ,h] art may be divid$ into ?ree diff]5t categories3 ^? bas$ on ! racial1 on ! dramatic & on ! symbolic pr9ciples4 ,h] ,brahms' ,hung>ian ,dance1 ,gl9ka's ,kam>i5skaya1 & ,s*ub]t's ,bi$]may] are di/9ct e?nographic pla/ic panoramas2 h] ,sibelius' ,valse ,tri/e is a ma/]piece among h] dramatic & reali/ic dances1 :ile ,mac,dowell's #8,%ad[ ,dance1' ,sibelius' #8,swan ( ,tuonela1' ,glire's ,lada1 & ,rimsky-,korsak(f's ,ant> are p]fect *oreographic gems ( unusual symbolic bread?4 ,9 ! ,valse ,tri/e ! sad maje/y1 z if absorb$ 9 inf9ite grief1 ov]comes ! spectator s irresi/ibly t he almo/ =gets ! morbidly beautiful music ( ,sibelius4 ,on occasions1 impressively execut$ ) unsurpass$ l(t9ess & fre$om1 %e places be=e u a vision>y be+1 ?\gh on ! v]ge ( dea?1 9 ^: pres5ce ev]y?+ l[ falls f u1 & our feel+s express ! same elevation t !y d 9 g5u9e trag$y4 ,b1 h[ev] excell5tly ,lada may int]pret ! s5tim5tal issues ( v>i\s e?nographic compositions & h[ well %e may portray ! tragic vigor ( ! dramatic music1 ! be/ ( h] art lies 9 ! symbolic visualization ( phonetic beauties4 ,9 ^! %e appe>s l a sup]natural be+ rais$ above common humanity4 ,h] r5d]+ ( ,gret*an9(f's #8,bells1' :i* we h se5 s f> only 9 rehe>sals1 makes an impression z if %e 7 lo/ 9 sacr$ rev]y4 ,a t\* ( religi\s feel+ p]vades ! beautiful panorama4 ,9 o!r dances ( simil> religi\s "* %e seems float+ 9 mid-air1 unsub/antial z ! moon ^: pale beams p\r a magic beauty ov] sleep+ ,nature--& yet s f> remov$4 ,h] art is an absolute image ( ! music4 ,lada is by no means a mood creator or a believ] 9 g5ial spontaneity t requires no?+ b a /age & or*e/ra4 ,%e possesses 9 h] simple/ folk-dance-l *oreographic sket*es ! same te*nical p]fection1 ! same /r5u\s practice1 z ! mo/ accompli%$ ballet danc]4 ,?is is :at makes h] body seem l a highly /rung in/rum5t1 ^: /r+s ! slighte/ brea? ( w9d c set quiv]+4 ,let u hope t %e w n *ange h] views & aspirations = ! sake ( manag]ial or timely requirem5ts1 z s _m successful danc]s h done4 ,x w\ld be a loss to ! evolution ( ! art ( danc+4 ,to ?is s*ool ( danc+ belongs also ,nata%a ,tr\hanova1 a fasc9at+ly beautiful ,caucasian girl1 ^: appe>ances 9 ,russia & ,p>is h attract$ great att5tion4 ,be+ ( semi-,ori5tal desc5t h]self1 ,tr\hanova's art has v]g$ on ,ori5tal conceptions4 ,russian music is ri* 9 excell5t ,ori5tal !mes2 ,borod9e1 ,rub9/e91 ,balakireff1 ,ippolit(f-,ivan(f & ,sp5di>(f h writt5 a l>ge numb] ( in/rum5tal works ( ,ori5tal ca/1 :i* adapt !mselves magnific5tly to danc+4 ,inde$1 ! compos]s ( o!r c\ntries h n be5 able to approa* ! ,russians 9 ! treatm5t ( ,ori5tal subjects4 ,mlle4 ,tr\hanova has specializ$ 9 a romantic ,ori5tal symbolism1 9 :i* %e has succe$$ m ?an any ( ! o!r liv+ danc]s4 ,!re is an en*ant+1 exotic atmosph]e 9 ,tr\hanova's pla/ic expressions1 some?+ t brea!s ( ! ,?\s& & ,"o ,nights1 s$uctive & saturat$ ) passion1 yet beautiful 9 e detail4 ,h] be/ p]=mances h be5 ^? :i* %e has giv5 9 ,ori5tal surr\nd+s1 9 ! atmosph]e to :i* su* expressions belong4 ,l ,lada1 ,tr\hanova seeks ! solution ( *oreography 9 ! music itself4 ,%e has be5 incl9$ to a k9d ( symbolism t p]ta9s to ! romantic emotions1 & 9 ?is p>ticul> field %e /&s supreme4 ,,iii ,h[ important ,lada's illu/ration ( ! !ory ( concordance ( motion & music is at ?is "t ( danc+ evolution c be m concretely grasp$ by ! com+ g5]ations ?an by an av]age dance-lov] to-day4 ,x is p]spective t gives ! true visual impression ( a m\nta94 #8,9 ! unison ( pla/icity & music1 ( ! visible ) ! audible1 ( ! spacial ) ! temporal1 lies ! gu>antee ( t new art :i* we s ard5tly desire & s unsuccessfully seek1' writes a celebrat$ dance au?ority4 ,b "h comes ! "q ( music1 ! phonetic image t %\ld guide ! *oreographic arti/4 ,lada compla9s t %e has a v limit$ *oice ( compositions t c be danc$4 ,! problem ( prop] dance music is m s]i\s ?an "o w\ld ?9k4 ,sibelius' ,valse ,tri/e is p]haps ! be/ sample ( dramatic dance music t corresponds p]fectly to a danc]'s requirem5ts4 ,mac,dowell's #8,%ad[ ,dance' is ano!r gem ( ?is k9d4 ,!re are q a few by o!r compos]s4 ,! sum is slight4 ,b ! danc] c h>dly blame ! compos] alone1 = ! latt] kn[s only ! old ballet1 ! naturali/ic s*ool or folk-dance !mes4 ,he has nev] he>d ( any o!r dance music ?an ! "o :i* has be5 danc$1 ei!r socially or on ! /age4 ,danc+ to music requires %ort phonetic episodes ) suffici5t poetic1 symbolic or dramatic elem5t1 & images cle>ly depict$ 9 /rong rhy?mic measure & suffici5t backgr\nd = ! /ory4 ,! m v>iety ( figures1 ! great] contra/s & ! m #8*apt]s' 9 su* a composition1 ! bett] = ! danc]4 ,! mod]n decad5t1 unrhy?mic1 vague mood music ( ! radical ,fr5* & ,g]man s*ools is ( little appeal & practically impossible to r5d] 9 pla/ic =ms4 ,x is ! ,russian s*ool ( music1 z also ! works ( mod]n ,f9ni% compos]s1 t h all ! ri*1 cle> & p[]fully vivid magic ( ! nor?1 & appeal s /rongly to a danc]'s imag9ation4 ,sibelius' ,en ,saga1 a tone-poem = full or*e/ra1 w\ld be ! mo/ grateful composition = ?is purpose _h x n be5 writt5 9 ! old symphonic =m4 ,x belongs to t baffl+ & unsatisfactory class ( symphonic poems to :i* ,sibelius has fail$ to give a cle> lit]>y basis4 ,! music sugge/s ! recital ( "s old tale 9 :i* ! h]oic & pa!tic elem5ts are skillfully bl5d$4 ,! music is vigor\s & highly picturesque1 b its int]e/ w\ld be greatly enhanc$ by a m def9ite program4 ,aga91 ! same compos]'s #8,lemm9ka95's ,home-,f>+' w\ld make an excell5t dance = a man danc]1 _h ! compos] re>rang$ x = a small] or*e/ra & = danc+4 ,x is an episode f ! ,kalevala4 ,sibelius' ,f\r? ,symphony is a composition t c\ld be danc$1 be+ bas$ on a s]ies ( s+le episodes ( extremely imag9>y "*4 ,b ! score is writt5 = a l>ge symphony or*e/ra1 !re=e unpractical = danc+ 9 a g5]al way4 ,sibelius' incid5tal music to ,adolf ,paul's trag$y1 #8,k+ ,*ri/ian ,,ii1' & ! o!r to ,maet]l9ck's #8,pellz & ,mlis&e' are l>ge ballets r ?an music t c\ld be p]=m$ )\t any p>ticul> difficulties by danc]s ( ,lada's type4 ,! "q ( appropriate music = ! late/ phase ( ! art ( danc+ is s s]i\s t x requires e>ne/ consid]ation4 ,9 consid]+ ! be/ dances ( all ! great danc]s ( all ages & s*ools we f9d t among ! phonetic images ! symbolic elem5t r5d]s itself mo/ gratefully to pla/ic trans=mation4 ,by its v nature danc+ is ! symbolic r5d]+ ( music4 ,! m symbolic ! subject ( a composition ! bett] *ance x has ( be+ transmitt$ into a visible language4 ,a danc] repres5ts 9 8 vibrat+ body l9es ! symbolic complex ( all ! phonetic unities ( a composition4 ,he is1 s to speak1 ! unset type4 ,music is ! text t he has to pr9t 9 su* pictorial =ms1 9 su* symbols t our m9d c grasp x4 ,?r\gh\t 8 dance1 he rema9s a kaleidoscopic trac] ( ! musical designs ( ! composition4 ,! pla/ic positions ( ! human body1 ! mimic expression ( ! face1 ! ge/ures & ! /eps1 are ! m$iums t c sugge/ c]ta9 phases ( emotion & feel+1 c]ta9 ideas & impressions ( s\l & body4 ,!re is a c]ta9 tonal & pictorial #8logic1' a k9d ( un>ticulat$ ?9k+1 9 music z well z 9 danc+4 ,b ?is _c be depict$ 9 any o!r ?an symbolic =m4 ,ess5tially bo? arts are compos$ ( a succession ( peculi> emotional symbolic images4 ,music is ! vibration ( ! s\nd1 danc+ ! vibration ( ! =m4 ,bo? arts appeal directly to our emotions1 music m ?an danc+1 ! latt] be+ m mix$ ) our intellectual processes4 ,danc+ may be t]m$ ! translat+ ( ! absolutely subjective language into a m objective "o4 ,accord+ to ?is !ory all ! ballets 9 ! old =m ( drama1 :]e ! *>act]s dance _! rles1 is aga9/ ! pr9ciple ( pure art danc+4 ,x is impossible to imag9e t !re is any music on ! ord] ( our conv5tional dramas1 ( s or s _m *>act]s4 ,at ! utmo/ !re c be only two danc+ figures1 two *>act]s t we c\ld imag9e 9 a tone-drama ( ?is k9d2 b ev5 s1 ! o!r c\ld be only ! act+1 ! pantomimic "*1 :ile only "o danc] at a "t c r5d] ! real trans=mation process ( ! musical !me4 ,to comply ) ! requirem5ts ( ! above-describ$ !ory ( musical danc+1 ! writ] has compos$ a sc5>io1 #8,! ,leg5d ( ,life1' to :i* ,re9hold ,glire is compos+ ! music4 ,9 ?is ballet1 or m correctly pla/omime1 :i* is arrang$ 9 ?ree sc5es1 !re is only "o s+le danc] ?r\gh\t ! :ole p]=mance1 & %e is ! symbolic image1 ! visualiz$ imag9ation ( a "y monk1 :o is sitt+ 9 ! ev5+ be=e ! fe/ival ( orda9m5t 9 8 gloomy cell & ?9k+ ( ! girl he us$ to love outside4 ,"h he beg9s to he> ! worldly music t is int]rupt$ by ! *imes & ! *oir ( ! *ur*4 ,! girl ( :om he is ?9k+ appe>s be=e him & dances romantic episodes--dances1 s to speak1 8 vivid rem9isc5ces4 ,! monk is ! reali/ic figure1 ! danc+ girl ! symbolic image ( ! music4 ,x is a :ole drama1 :i* takes place 9 ! monk's m9d4 ,! drama is 9 music1 & is 8 love1 8 romantic emotion1 :i* is (t5 int]rupt$ by ecclesia/ic surr\nd+s4 ,! second sc5e is ! dream ( ! monk at night 9 a beautiful g>d54 ,! vision ( ! danc+ girl4 ,! ?ird sc5e depicts him wat*+ 8 own ord9ation 9 ! *ur* & ! p arriv+ solemnly ?r\gh ! c\rty>d to witness ! c]emony4 ,among !m he sees 8 belov$4 ,?is sc5e is laid 9 ! mona/]y's c\rty>d4 ,! *>m ( ! danc+ girl "h becomes s ov]:elm+ to ! monk t he ?r[s (f 8 robe & ru%es to h]4 ,"h %e vani%es l a phantom & ! pla/omime ends4 ,?is1 briefly1 is an attempt at ! sort ( lit]>y basis ^u :i* ! au?or consid]s dance music c be con/ruct$ 9 concordance ) ! new symbolic ideals4 ,! above-describ$ sc5>io is m]ely "o ( ! innum]able dance !mes t mod]n compos]s c\ld employ 9 _! future dance music4 ,x is to be hop$ t compos]s w grasp ! idea & enri* musical lit]ature ) works t adapt !mselves to ! requirem5ts ( a new *oreography4 ,,epilogue ,,future ,,aspects ,,( ,,! ,,art ,,( ,,dance ,z 9 ! physical s 9 ! spiritual _w !re prevails a k9d ( circulation ( en]gies & life2 gr[?1 maturity & decl9e4 ,individuals seem no?+ b ! beg9n+s :]e ! univ]ses end1 & vice v]sa4 ,z a man mirrors ! _w 9 8 s\l1 s a protoplasm mirrors ! man4 ,an invisible h& pu%es a worm along ! same road ( evolution z x does an imp]i\s ,cs>4 ,"o & ! same feel+ he>t seems to beat 9 ! brea/ ( man t beats 9 ! action ( ! con/ellations4 ,yet ! h& ( evolution t t5ds to adju/ ! equilibrium betwe5 ! individual & ! cosmic w gives by e new turn a new t\* ( p]fection to ! subjective & ! objective p>ties4 ,?is t5d5cy manife/s itself 9 ! hi/ory ( individuals & races1 & also 9 ! hi/ory ( art4 ,! greate/ g5ius ( to-day is surpass$ by ano!r to-morr[4 ,! art ( danc+1 z x /&s to-day1 promises mu* enc\ragem5t = to-morr[4 ,x is ne> ! beg9n+ ( a new era--! era ( ! cosmic ideals4 ,! pa/ belongs to ! ari/ocratic ideals1 9 :i* ! ,russian ballet rea*$ ! climax4 ,! ,fr5* 7 ! f\nd]s ( ari/ocratic *oreography2 ! ,russians trans=m$ x into an ari/ocratic-dramatic art2 to ! ,am]icans belongs ! attempt at a democratic s*ool4 #8,! *ief value ( reaction resides 9 its negative1 de/ructive elem5t1' says ,pr9ce ,volkhonsky4 #8,if1 = in/ance1 we _h nev] se5 ! old ballet1 ) its /]eotype1 ,i d n ?9k t ! appe>ance ( ,isadora ,duncan w\ld h call$ =? su* en?usiasm4 ,9 ,isadora we greet$ ! deliv]ance4' ,! *ief m]it ( ,duncan lies 9 de/roy+ ! ari/ocratic f\ndation ( ! ballet1 & 9 attempt+ to f9d a democratic expression4 ,%e meant to f9d ! solution 9 anci5t ,greek ideas & tri$ to imitate !m4 ,b %e =got t %e 0 an outspok5 ,am]ican individuali/ & grasp$ only ! democratic pr9ciples ( a "y race4 ,all %e a*iev$ 0 to prove t ! democratic ess5tials are no m satisfactory 9 ! future /hetic evolution ( ! dance ?an 7 ! ari/ocratic traditions ( ! bygone c5turies4 ,! "q rema9s1 :]e is to be f\nd ! true basis ( ! com+ *oreography8 ,x is /range to contemplate :at diff]5t directions ! developm5t ( ! dance 9 v>i\s c\ntries & 9 v>i\s ages has tak54 ,9 anci5t ,egypt & ,greece ! primitive folk-dances develop$ into spectacul> religi\s ballets1 9 ,japan !y assum$ ! same impressioni/ic "* z ! re/ ( ! national art1 9 ari/ocratic ,france ! folk-dances grew to a gild$ salon art1 9 ,italy !y became acrobatic %[s1 :ile 9 ,russia !y trans=m$ !mselves into spectacul> racial pantomimes4 ,9 e age & c\ntry ! art ( danc+ foll[$ ! /ronge/ /hetic motives ( ! "t4 ,if a nation wor%ipp$ nobility x danc$ ! ari/ocratic ideals1 if x wor%ipp$ div9e ideas x danc$ !m accord+ly4 ,! social-political democratic ideals ( ! ,new ,_w h ex]cis$ a great influ5ce 9 ?is direction ^u ! art ( ! ,old4 ,?\gh imitat+ ari/ocratic ,europe1 ,am]ica has n fail$ to add an elem5t ( its own to ! /hetic /&>ds ( ! =m]4 ,b _h ,am]ica be5 only democratic !re w\ld be little hope left t x c\ld attribute any?+ to ! future beauty1 p>ticul>ly to ! future dance4 ,!re are1 h[ev]1 o!r elem5ts t give enc\ragem5t to some?+ s]i\s & la/+1 & ?is is ! cosmic t5d5cy 9 ,am]ican life & art4 ,! *ief *>act]i/ics ( ! ,am]ican m9d are to cond5se expressions & ideas into _! %orte/ =ms4 ,?is is mo/ evid5t 9 ! syncopat$ /yle ( its music1 9 its language & 9 its ar*itecture4 ,l ! ,am]ican #8ragtime' tune1 an ,am]ican skyscrap] is ! result ( an impressioni/ic imag9ation4 ,bo? are crude 9 _! pres5t =m1 yet !y speak a language ( an un-e?nographic race & =m ! f\ndation ( a new art4 ,in/ead ( hav+ a float+1 graceful &1 s to speak1 a horizontal t5d5cy l ! /hetic images ( ! ,old ,_w1 ! ,am]ican beauty is dynamic1 impressioni/ic & p]p5dicul>4 ,x %oots directly upw>ds & d5ies e tradition4 ,! und]ly+ motives ( su* a t5d5cy are n democratic b cosmic4 ,:ile a nationali/ic art is always bas$ on some?+ traditional1 some?+ t belongs to ! pa/ evolution ( a race1 ! cosmic art /rives to unite ! emotions ( all humanity4 ,! task ( ! latt] is v mu* m difficult4 ,x requires a univ]sal m9d to grasp & express :at appeals to ! :ole _w4 ,x requires a ,titanic g5ius to cond5se ! /hetic images s t 9 _! %orte/ =m !y may say :at ! o!rs w\ld express 9 r\ndab\t ways4 ,?is gives to beauty a dynamic vigor & makes x s mu* m univ]sal ?an ! art ( any nation or age c\ld be4 ,b ?is requires ! use ( symbols1 & t5ds to subjectivism4 ,h[ev]1 ! symbols employ$ 9 ?is case are fundam5tally diff]5t f ^? employ$ by ! ,ori5tals4 ,s9ce ! e>lie/ ages ! ,ori5t has made use ( symbols 9 art & religion4 ,b ! ,ori5tal symbols h be5 my/ic or philosophic 9 _! nature4 ,! ,am]ican symbols w ei!r be purely intellectual or !y w be poetic4 ,! future ( ! art ( danc+ belongs to ,am]ica1 ! c\ntry ( ! cosmic ideals4 ,?is is evid5t f its evolution s9ce ,isadora ,duncan's db4 ,! ,russian ,new ,ballet 7( ,diaghileff's gr\p7 is ! be/ pro( t ! traditional racial pla/icism is be+ trans=m$ into a cosmic "o4 ,comp>e ! /eps & ge/ures ( ,k>sav9a & ,nij9sky ) ^? ( ,pavlova & ,vol994 ,:]e ! =m] h become reali/ically dramatic1 ! latt] rema9 acrobatically academic4 ,!re is m symbolism 9 ,k>sav9a's & ,nij9sky's art ?an 9 t ( ,pavlova & ! foll[]s ( ! old ballet4 ,b ! pla/ic symbols ( ,lada are f> m cond5s$ ?an ^? ( ,k>sav9a4 ,?is is :at we h t]m$ ! ess5tial ( a cosmic *oreography4 ,! t5d5cy ( e art is f ! simple to ! complex & !n aga9 f ! complex to ! simple4 ,! greate/ danc] is ! "o :o c express ! mo/ complex musical images 9 ! simple/ pla/ic =ms4 ,danc+ 9 ! future w be no?+ b a trans=matory process ( ! "t-emotions 9 ! space-emotions4 #8,rhy?m is 9 "t :at symmetry is 9 space--division into equal p>ts correspond+ to ea* o!r1' said ,s*op5hau]4 ,ar?ur ,symons call$ danc+ #8?9k+ ov]he>d4' #8,x beg9s & ends be=e words h =m$ !mselves1 9 a deep] consci\sness ?an t ( spee*4 99 99 99 ,x c r5d] bir? & dea?1 & x is always go+ ov] & ov] ! et]nal pantomime ( love2 x c be all ! passions1 all ! languors2 b x idealizes ^! m]e acts1 graci\s or brutal1 into m ?an a picture2 = x is m ?an a beautiful reflection1 x has 9 x life itself1 z x %ad[s life2 & x is f>!r f life ?an a picture4 ,humanity1 y\?1 beauty1 play+ ! "p ( itself1 & consci\sly1 9 a trave/y1 m natural ?an nature1 m artificial ?an art3 b we lose ourselves 9 ! b\ndless bewild]m5t ( its contradictions4' ,x foll[s t a neo-symbolism is ! logical outcome ( ! future dance4 ,danc+ w become an indep5d5t /age art & take ! place ( ! obsolesc5t op]a4 ,b be=e x rea*es t /age1 compos]s w be compell$ to realize ! importance ( ! new *oreography1 & produce music t conta9s all ! graphic designs1 ! pla/ic possibilities1 ! dynamic drama &1 above all1 t /ructure ( s\nds :i* gives ample possibility = symbolic pla/icism & yet conta9s a message4 ,! real future dance w be expressioni/ic & subjective4 ,in/ead ( copy+ life x w sugge/ its deepe/ dep?s & highe/ heights by comb9+ ! pla/ic symbols ) ! musical ones4 ,x w n try to imitate nature b transpose x1 z a pa9t+ transposes a l&scape4 ,our m9d is gr[+ tir$ ( ! prevail+ nak$ realism & its photographic effects4 ,! reali/ic drama is gradually los+ its /hetic appeal4 ,! ari/ocratic op]a seems to belong to pa/ c5turies4 ,op]a has lo/ its grip on ! mod]n m9d4 ,our /hetic conception has rea*$ ! po9t :]e our subjective m9d requires n imitation b inspiration4 ,in/ead ( traditional beauties we require dynamic ones4 ,we enjoy a sugge/ion ( an /hetic s5sation m ?an an accurate description ( x4 ,?is proves t ! symbolic s5sations w soon] or lat] take ! upp] h&1 & symbolic danc+ w be ! wat*word ( ! com+ age4 ,s9ce1 accord+ to our !ory1 ! future ( ! art ( danc+ belongs to ,am]ica1 we %\ld take into consid]ation ^? prim>y elem5ts ( musical art t =m ! f\ndation ( e dance4 ,am]ican art naturally lacks fundam5tally national elem5ts2 x /rives t[>d cosmic ideals in/ead4 ,mis]able z is ! syncopat$ =m ( ,am]ican popul> music x yet con/itutes ! musical ,volapk ( all ! nations4 ,?is same syncopat$ =m ( expression manife/s itself 9 ,am]ican ar*itecture & 9 its social danc+4 ,! brok5 l9es1 ! irregul> dynamics1 & ! re/less corn]s "h & !re t we f9d pr$om9ant 9 ,am]ican ar*itecture are no?+ b a transpos$ =m ( popul> music4 ,x is evid5t t nei!r "o ( ! arts has yet f\nd its f\ndation4 ,a ,new ,york skyscrap] is a sil5t #8ragtime' tune1 & vice v]sa4 ,b ! #8ragtime' rhy?m c be modulat$ to ! same /hetic expressions z ! skyscrap]s4 ,unconsci\sly ! dance foll[s ! patt]ns ( ar*itecture & music4 ,! future *oreography does n necess>ily ne$ to be bas$ ^u syncopat$ rhy?m only1 b ^u ! v>i\s factors ( ! /yle1 ! me?od ( expression & ! spiritual issues4 ,! physical & spiritual bases ( e folk-art lie 9 ! rural life4 ,a folk-song or a folk-dance is & rema9s ! product ( idyllic village atmosph]e4 ,x mirrors ! joys & sorr[s1 hopes & passions ( ! c\ntry p4 ,x has be5 mold$ "u ! blue sky1 9 sun%9e & /orm4 ,! songs ( birds & ! voices ( nature =m its /hetic backgr\nd4 ,a village tr\bad\r or poet is usually its creator1 & simplicity is its fundam5tal trait4 ,x exalts ! rural atmosph]e1 poetry & *>act]i/ics4 ,! place ( ! bir? & gr[? ( syncopat$ rhy?m & brok5 symmetry is exclusively ! city4 ,x exalts ! noise1 ru% & triviality1 also ! al]tness & =ces ( ! /reet4 ,x sugge/s motion & intellectual fev]4 ,x leaves images ( some?+ artificial & fatal 9 ! m9d4 ,! _s ( ! c\ntry is diff]5t 9 e nation2 b ! _s ( ! city is a simil> "o all ov] ! _w4 ,x is 9 ?is v fact t we h to look = ! logical f\ndation ( ! future *oreography4 ,x w emanate f no p>ticul> race1 f no p>ticul> c\ntry1 nor f any p>ticul> elem5t ( national art4 ,x w come f ! artificial city1 ! "m ( cosmic idealism4 ,! symbolism ( ! city is de/9$ to take ! place ( ! symbolism ( ! c\ntry4 ,! ,new ,york pla/icism w be also ! pla/icism ( ,p>is & ,petrograd4 ,! e?nographic & ari/ocratic era 9 ! art ( danc+ has rea*$ ! climax ( /hetic developm5t4 ,we are ent]+ ! era ( cosmic art4 ,we beg9 x ) ! same primitive /eps t our ance/ors made s _m c5turies ago2 only ) ?is diff]5ce--t n[ we view ! problem f a univ]sal po9t ( view :ile our =efa!rs beheld x f a nationali/ic & ari/ocratic po9t ( view4 ,we are 9 ! cosmic curr5t ( evolution & beg9 our circle :]e x 0 left by ^? :o _h pass$ ! curr5t ( a c]ta9 race or class4 ,! future dance w grasp beauty f a broad] /ret* & deep] dep?s ?an ! greate/ virtuosi ( ! pa/ & pres5t c\ld d4 ,! fundam5tal law ( all spiritual z well z physical evolution is to br+ ab\t a bett] equilibrium betwe5 ! individual & ! univ]sal p[]s4 ,,lit]ature ,,= ,,volume ,x ,9 ,engli% ,s4 ,a4 ,,b>rett3 ,! ,dream ,dance ( ! ,*ippewa & ,m5om9ee ,indians 7,milwaukee1 ,wis41 #aiaa74 ,,c>ol9e ,,& ,,*>les ,,caff93 ,danc+ & ,danc]s ( ,to-day 7,new ,york1 #aiab74 ,,havelock ,,ellis3 ,! ,philosophy ( ,danc+ 7,atlantic ,mon?ly1 ,bo/on1 ,april1 #aiad74 ,j4 ,e4 ,,craw=d ,,flit*3 ,mod]n ,danc+ & ,danc]s 7,london1 #aiab74 ,,m>cella ,a4 ,,h9cks3 ,! ,japanese ,dance 7,london1 #aiaj74 ,a4 ,,holt3 ,h[ to ,dance ! ,reviv$ ,anci5t ,dances 7,london1 #aijg74 ,,troy ,,& ,,m>g>et ,,we/ ,,k9ney3 ,! ,dance 7,new ,york1 #aiad74 ,,cecil ,j4 ,,%>pe ,,& ,,h]b]t ,c4 ,,macilwa9e3 ,! ,morris ,book 7,london1 #aiaj74 ,g4 ,,vuilli]3 ,a ,hi/ory ( ,danc+ 7,new ,york1 #ahih74 ,9 ,g]man ,w4 ,,ang]/e93 ,volk/nze im deuts*5 ,mittelalt] 7,b]l91 #ahfh74 ,f4 ,m4 ,,boehme3 ,ges*i*te des ,tanzes 9 ,deuts*l& 7,leipzig1 #ahhf74 ,,hans ,,br&5burg3 ,d] ,mod]ne ,tanz 7,muni*1 #aiac74 ,,mile ,,jacques-,,dalcroze3 ,d] ,eury?mus 7,dresd51 #aiac74 ,h4 ,,fla*3 ,d] ,tanz bei d5 ,grie*5 7,b]l91 #ahhj74 ,g4 ,,fu*s3 ,d] ,tanz 7,/uttg>t1 #aijf74 ,g4 ,,mohr3 ,die deuts*5 ,volk/nze 7,leipzig1 #ahgd74 ,,he9z ,,s*nabel3 ,kordax3 ,ar*eologis*e ,/udi5 7,muni*1 #aiaj74 ,r4 ,,voss3 ,d] ,tanz und se9e ,ges*i*te 7,erfurt74 ,9 ,fr5* ,,ca/il-,,blaze3 ,hi/oire littraire1 musicale1 *orographique1 etc4 7,p>is1 #ahdg74 ,,augu/e ,,ehrh>d3 ,une vie de danseuse3 ,fanny ,elssl] 7,p>is1 #aiji74 ,,maurice ,,emmanuel3 ,la danse grecque antique 7,p>is1 #ahif74 ,j4 ,g4 ,,nov]re3 ,lettres sur les arts imitateurs en gnral 7,p>is1 #aijg74 ,9 ,italian ,g4 ,b4 ,,du=t3 ,trattato del ballo nobile 7,naples1 #agbh74 ,9 ,russian ,bullet9s ( ! ,russian ,imp]ial ,ballet ,s*ool 7,petrograd1 #aijj-aiad74 ,c,,s> ,,cui3 ,i/oria ,russkoi ,musyki 7,petrograd1 #aijc74 ,s4 ,,hudakov3 ,i/oria ,tanzev1 #b vols4 7,petrograd1 #aiad74 ,n4 ,,rimsky-,,korsak(f3 ,memoirs 7,petrograd1 #aiaj74 ,,pr9ce ,s4 ,,volkhonsky3 ,! ,ballet 7,petrograd1 #aiac74 ,9 ,dani% ,bullet9s ( ! ,dani% ,national ,!atre 7,cop5hag51 #aiaj-ad74 ,,tobias ,,norl9d3 ,sv>dsdans ock ,bagdans 7,cop5hag51 #aiaa74 ,9 ,f9ni% & ,e/honian ,kalevala 7,hels+=s1 #ahhj74 ,suom5 ,kansan ,svelmi 7,hels+=s1 #ahih74 ,,dr4 ,f4 ,,kreutzwald3 ,kaliwipoeg 9 ,e/honian 7,t>tu1 #aijj74 ,,index ,,= ,,volume ,x ,a ,abdallah 7,b\rnoville & ,paulli71 #aeb4 ,academicism 7,fr5*1 ,italian71 #aga4 ,academies ( danc+1 #aea;f2 7,egyptian71 #ag2 7,*9ese71 #ca;f1 #cd2 7,cadiz1 ,spa971 #df;f2 7,greek71 #ga2 7,fr5*71 #hf;f1 #id;f1 #ii1 #aje1 #aea2 7,russian71 #ij;f1 #aje2 7,cop5hag5 ,ballet ,s*ool71 #afe2 7,college ( ,rhy?mic ,gymna/ics1 ,hell]au71 #bcd;ff4 ,acc5tuation1 #bch4 ,accompanim5t 79 ,spani% dances71 #baa4 ,accordion 79 ,engli% folk-dance71 #aaf;f4 ,a*1 du lieb] ,augu/91 #aca4 ,act+ 79 relation to ballet71 #bej1 #beb4 ,adam1 ,*>les-,adolphe 7z ballet compos]71 #aea1 #aeb1 #aeh4 s*ylus1 #ee1 #ff4 ,african ,bantu1 iii4 ,african guit>1 #dg4 ,ai ,ou*nem1 #aje4 ,akt1 ,a9o1 #bje4 ,alb9us 7,roman consul71 #gf4 ,alex&] ,i1 ,cz> ( ,russia1 #aca1 #aha4 ,alexis ,mihail[it*1 ,cz>1 #agi4 ,algi]s1 #ba4 ,all 9 a ,g>d5 ,gre5 7,briti% folk-dance71 #abj4 ,allan1 ,maud1 #bja1 #bjf4 ,all>d1 ,mlle4 7ballet danc]71 #aja4 ,allem&e1 #add1 #adf4 ,alliamatula 7,roman danc]71 #gg4 ,almeiis1 #ah1 #ba;ff4 ,amat]asu 7,japanese deity71 #ce;f4 ,am]ica 7future ( danc+ 971 #bfa;f4 ,am]ican ,indians1 iv1 #ch;f4 ,ammon1 ,temple ( 7,egyptian s*ool ( danc+ 971 #ag4 ,anabasis 7quot$71 #ee;f4 ,&alusia 7folk-danc+71 #ajf1 #ajg;f4 ,&]s51 ,hans ,*ri/ian1 #afg4 ,&rogeonia 7,greek h]o71 #ed4 ,ang]/e91 ,wilhelm 7cit$71 #abh;f4 ,angl91 ,mlle4 7ballet danc]71 #ia4 ,anna1 ,empress ( ,russia1 #ij4 ,anna ,ivanovna1 ,empress ( ,russia1 #agi4 ,anne ( ,d5m>k 7,engli% ,que51 patron ( ! masque71 #hc1 #hd1 #aai4 d',annunzio1 ,gabriele1 #afe4 ,antagonism to danc+ 7( ,we/]n ,*ur*71 #i1 #ajc1 #abi2 7( ,roman consuls71 #gf4 ,anto9e et ,clopatre 7ballet71 #ajb4 ,aphrodite1 #fa1 #fg1 #fi1 #gj2 7comp>$ to ,v5]a71 #bd2 7my/]ies71 #fa4 ,apollo1 #ed1 #ef1 #eg1 #ei1 #fi;f2 7my/]ies71 #fa4 ,apo/les1 #hj4 ,l',aprs-midi d'un ,faun1 7,debussy71 #bcb4 ,arabesques 79 ,egyptian dances71 #ah2 79 ,fr5* ballet /ep71 #ie4 ,arabia 7,/oma* ,dance71 #c1 #bb2 7,gravey>d ,dance71 #ba2 7,axis ,dance71 #bb2 7"* ( danc+71 #df;ff2 7influ5ce (1 on ,spani% dances71 #aab4 #8,arabian ,nights1' #bbf4 ,aragon 7folk-danc+71 #ajg;f4 ,arcadia1 #ee1 #eg1 #fj4 ,ar*itecture1 #bce1 #bfe2 7developm5t (1 syn*ron\s ) danc+71 #df2 7,am]ican71 #bfc4 ,areja1 ,francesca1 #ahj4 ,ar5sky1 ,anton ,/ephanovi*1 #ahc1 #bbd4 ,ariadne1 #ef4 ,ari/ides1 #ed4 ,ari/ophanes 7cit$71 #eb1 #ee1 #fa4 #8,ark ( ! ,cov5ant1' iii1 #aj1 #dc4 ,arkona 7,h>tmann71 #aeb4 ,arm5ia 7folk-danc+71 #ach;f4 ,artemis1 iv1 #fd4 ,arts 7primitive1 9 ,india71 #bd2 7common basis (71 #bce4 ,asp>azases 7,indian nymphs71 #bf4 ,aspasia 7,greek danc]71 #ed1 #gj1 #id4 ,assembl 7,fr5* ballet /ep71 #ie1 #ih4 ,a/afieva1 ,s]aph9e1 #bbj1 #bba1 #bbd4 ,a/ral ,dance 7,egyptian71 iv1 #ac;f1 #fc4 ,a!nu 7quot$71 #ee1 #fj2 7cit$71 #ei4 ,a!ns 7danc+ at fe/ivals71 #ec2 7!atre ( ,dionysius71 #fd;f2 7,mnad ,dance71 #fi4 ,aub]1 ,daniel-,esprit1 #ajc4 ,augu/us 7,roman ,emp]or71 #gc1 #ge4 ,aulos 7,greek flute71 #eh4 ,au/ria1 #ajb4 ,l',autmne ,bac*anale1 #ahf1 #ahg4 ,auv]gne 7folk-danc+71 #aba4 ,axis ,dance 7,arabian71 #bb4 ,b ,baba ,yaga 7,russian ballet71 #aeb1 #agi4 ,bac*analian dance1 #fe4 ,bac*us 7,greek & ,roman god71 #ed1 #fe1 #fi1 #gd2 7,roman orgies71 #ge;f4 ,ba*1 ,johann ,seba/ian1 v1 #ajb;f2 7b\rres71 #aba2 7c\rantes71 #ade4 ,bacon1 ,sir ,francis 7cit$ on masques71 #hc4 ,bagpipes 79 ,morris dance71 #aae2 79 ,engli% ,sword ,dance71 #aaf2 79 ,iri% jig71 #abj2 79 ,r\manian folk-dance71 #acg4 ,bak5 ,am5 7,egyptian tablet71 #bj4 ,bak/1 ,lon1 #ahc4 ,balakireff1 ,mily ,alexejevi*1 #ajd1 #aeb1 #aga1 #aha1 #bca;f1 #bef4 ,ball]9a's tunic1 #bae4 ,ballet 7orig971 #h1 #aj2 7#ah? c5t471 #ad2 7,russian71 #bc1 #agj;ff2 7,fr5*71 #hf;ff2 7def9$ by ,nov]re71 #hi2 7,italian71 #abd2 7classic71 #aea;ff2 7,dani%71 #afb;ff2 7plots71 #afc4 ,ballet des ,ard5ts 7,fr5* c\rt dance71 #ha4 ,ballet du ,c>r\sel 7p]=m$ at ,tuil]ies71 #hf;f4 ,ballet slipp]1 #baf4 ,ballott1 #ih4 ,b>efoot danc+1 #aig1 #bja4 ,b>rett1 ,s4 ,a4 7cit$ on plot ( ,dream ,dance71 #ci4 ,b>rison1 ,g]trude1 #bjc4 ,le ,basque 7,fr5* ballet danc]71 #hg4 ,ba?yllus 7,roman danc]71 #gc1 #gd;f4 ,battem5ts1 #ie4 ,bayad]es1 #be1 #bg1 #bh4 ,les ,bay$]es 7,fr5* ballet71 #aec4 ,beau*amp 7director ( ,fr5* ,academy ( ,danc+71 #hg4 ,beaugr&1 ,leont9e 7ball]9a71 #aei;f4 ,beck1 ,hans 7,dani% ballet danc]71 #afd4 ,be]bohm1 ,max 7quot$ on ,g5e71 #afg;f4 ,bee?ov51 v1 #ajb;f1 #bjj1 #bjf4 ,begut*eff 7director ( ,mosc[ ballet71 #agg4 ,bekeffy1 #ahb4 ,belle ,fatma ,la 7#bj? c5t4 ,egyptian danc]71 #bb4 ,bellicrepa saltatio 7,roman dance71 #gc4 ,bells 79 ,morris ,dance71 #aad4 ,b5>es1 #be4 ,b5ois1 #ahc1 #bbf1 #bbi1 #bcj4 ,b5s]ade1 #hf4 ,b]l91 #bjc;f4 ,b]l9 ,museum 7pa9t+ ( ,sword ,dance71 #aae;f4 ,b]nay1 ,mlle4 7ball]9a71 #aei4 ,b]ri1 ,du*ess de1 #ha4 ,bibasis 7,greek dance71 #fa1 #fb4 ,bible 7cit$71 #ai2 7quot$71 #dc1 #dd4 ,bilib91 #ahc4 ,birds 7c\rt%ip dances (71 #f4 ,bjrnson1 ,bjrn/j]ne1 #ajd4 ,bla*e 7ballet compos]71 #ajb4 ,black ,=e/ 7dance ( !71 #acj4 ,blasis1 #ia1 #ajb2 7quot$ on ,bol]o71 #aji4 ,bogdanova 7ball]9a71 #aea1 #ahc4 ,bohemia 7folk-danc+74 ,see ,slavic folk-dances4 ,bol]o 7,spani% folk-dance71 #ej1 #aji1 #aab4 ,bond9a 7,&alusian folk-dance71 #ajf4 ,borod9e1 ,alex&]1 #aga1 #bbh1 #bef4 ,botta1 ,b]gonzio1 di1 #ha;f4 ,botticelli1 #de4 ,b\rnoville1 ,anto9e ,augu/1 #ajd1 #aea1 #aeb1 #afb;f1 #afd;f1 #aff1 #afh1 #afi4 ,b\rre1 #aba;f4 ,boy>s1 #ada1 #agh4 ,boys 7tra9+ (1 z danc]s71 #ahc4 ,brahma1 #be4 ,brahma und ,bayad]5 7,g]man ballet71 #afd4 ,brahm9ism 7relation to danc+71 #be;ff4 ,brahms1 ,johannes1 #abe1 #bed4 ,br&5burg1 ,hans1 #bjb4 ,brass in/rum5ts 79 #ae? c5t4 ,italian ballet71 #hb;f4 ,brass plates 7,indian71 #bg4 ,breobra%5skaya1 #ahc1 #ahe1 #ahh4 ,breton dances1 #aba4 ,bris 7ballet-/ep71 #ih4 ,briti% ,museum1 #ah1 #bj4 ,buck+ham ,h\se 7,briti% folk-dance71 #abj4 ,buddhism1 #cf4 ,bugaku ,dance 7,japanese71 #ch4 ,bulg>ia 7folk-danc+74 ,see ,slavic folk-dances4 ,bur*>d1 ,bi%op ( ,worms1 #abi4 ,burette 7cit$ on ,greek dance71 #fc4 ,buriat dances 7comp>$ to ,am]ican ,indian71 #ci4 ,butt]fly ,dance1 #aib4 ,byzantium 7pa9t+ ( ,hebrew danc+71 #dd2 7influ5ce (1 9 ,li?uanian folk-dance71 #ace;f2 7influ5ce on ,russian ballet71 #ahh4 ,c ,cabriole 79 ,egyptian dance71 #bj2 79 ,bibasis71 #fb2 7,fr5* ballet /ep71 #ie4 ,ca*u*a 7,spani% folk-dance71 #aaa1 #aef4 ,cadiz1 ,spa9 7c5tre ( anci5t danc+71 #aj2 7danc]s f1 9 ,rome71 #gf4 ,calcutta1 #be4 ,caligula 7,roman emp]or71 #gf4 ,calumet 7,am]ican ,indian71 #ci4 ,calzv>o1 #cd;f4 ,cam>go1 ,mlle4 7,fr5* ballet danc]71 #id1 #ii1 #ajj4 ,can>ies 7,engli% & ,g]man social dance71 #aej4 ,! ,caprices ( ,galatea 7ballet by ,nov]re71 #ij1 #ii4 ,c>m5cita 7,spani% danc]71 #baj4 ,le ,c>naval de ,v5ise 7,fr5* ballet71 #id1 #aec4 ,c>oles 7m$ival dances71 #ha4 ,c>pa 7,greek dance71 #ee;f4 ,c>yatis 7,sp>tan dance71 #ed;f4 ,ca/anets 79 ,spani% folk-dance71 #ajf1 #ajg1 #aaj1 #aab4 ,ca/il-,blaze1 ,franois-,h5ri-,josef1 quot$ 7on m$ival /roll+ ballet71 #hj;f2 7on ,fr5* ballet71 #ic2 7on ,cam>go71 #ajj2 7on orig9 ( waltz71 #aca4 ,ca/or & ,pollux1 #ed4 ,ca!r9e ! ,great1 #ada4 ,caucasia 7folk-danc+71 #adj4 ,c]ezo1 ,seba/ian 7,spani% danc]71 #aji4 ,c]ito1 ,fanny 7ball]9a71 #aeh;f4 ,c]vantes 7cit$ on ,*aconne71 #ade4 ,*aconne 7,italian & ,spani% social dance71 #ade;f4 ,*angem5t de pi$1 #ih4 ,*>les ,i1 ,k+ ( ,engl&1 #hd4 ,*>les ,,ii1 ,k+ ( ,engl&1 #aai1 #ade4 ,*ass 7ballet /ep71 #id1 #ie4 ,*]emias 7,spani% in/rum5ts71 #gi4 ,*9a1 #c1 #i1 #cj;ff2 7attitude ( morali/s 91 t[>d danc+71 #cj2 7c\rt danc+71 #cb2 7musical in/rum5ts71 #cb2 7danc+ (1 adopt$ 9 ,japan71 #cf4 ,*9ese ,w$d+ 7ballet by ,calzev>o71 #cd;f4 ,*ippewas1 #ci4 ,*ironomia 79 ,greek *oreography71 #ga4 ,*oirs 79 ,egyptian temples71 #ag4 ,*op91 ,frdric1 #acf1 #bjj1 #bjf1 #bba4 ,*oral dances 7( ,russian peasants71 #agg;f4 ,*oreographic pr9ciple 7vs4 dramatic71 #bea4 ,*oreography 7,*9ese71 #cj2 7m$ival71 #gh;ff2 79 #ag? c5t4 ,france71 #hg;f2 7,fr5* developm5t71 #id;f2 7influ5ce ( democracy71 #ajb2 7,f9ni%71 #acc2 7naturali/ic s*ool71 #aie;ff2 7pla/omimic71 #bdg;ff4 ,*orley1 ,h5ry ,fo!rgill 7quot$ on ,elssl]71 #aef4 ,*orovody 7,russian ballad folk-dance71 #adj;f4 ,*risis 7ballet71 #bjf1 #bjg;f4 ,*ri/ian morali/s 7antagonism to danc+71 #i4 ,see also ,*ur*1 ,roman4 ,*ronos1 #ei4 ,*rotal 7,greek in/rum5t71 #eh4 ,*ur*1 ,roman 7ho/ility to danc+71 #ha1 #ajc1 #abi2 7danc+ 91 dur+ ,middle ,ages71 #gh1 #gi;f4 ,cic]o 7quot$71 #gb4 ,la ,c9quanta9e 7,fr5* ballet71 #ia4 ,cl>y 7,fr5* ballet71 #id4 ,classics1 musical 7dance music by71 v4 ,! ,clem5cy ( ,titus 7ballet by ,nov]re71 #ij4 ,cleonica 7,greek danc]71 #gj4 ,cleopatra 7z danc]71 #ag;f4 ,cleopatra 7ballet71 #bc4 ,clopatre 7ballet71 #bbc;ff4 ,cl]mont1 ,comte de1 #ajj4 ,clo?+ 7decorative purpose (1 = ! dance71 #f4 ,coll9s1 ,lottie1 #ahi1 #aib;f4 ,comdie ,franaise1 #aja4 ,confucius1 #cc2 7honor$ 9 ,japanese dance71 #ch4 ,cord9ation 7( intellect & n]ves71 #bch4 ,cop5hag5 ,s*ool1 #aea4 ,cop]>io1 ,john1 #hd4 ,copiola1 ,gal]ia 7,roman danc]71 #gg4 ,copplia 7ballet71 #afj1 #aff;f1 #age4 ,cordax 7,greek ,satyr dance71 #fa1 #fc;f4 ,corkscrew 7folk-dance71 #acd;f4 ,corpus ,*ri/i 7fe/ival (1 ) *ur* danc+71 #gh;f4 ,corsaire 7,fr5* ballet71 #aeb4 ,corybantes1 #ed4 ,cosi]s 7,spani% *ur* danc]s71 #gi;f4 ,cossack folk-dances1 #b4 ,co/ume4 ,see ,dress4 ,cotillion1 #abb4 ,c\ntry ,dance 7,engli%71 #aac1 #aae4 ,c\p 79 ,egyptian dance71 #bj4 ,c\p dess\s 7ballet-/ep71 #ie4 ,c\p lat]al 7ballet-/ep71 #ie4 ,c\rante1 #hf1 #hg;f1 #ade;f4 ,c\rt ballets 7,fr5*71 #hc4 ,c\rt danc+ 79 ,*9a71 #cb;f2 7at ,j]usalem71 #dc1 #dd2 79 ,seville71 #dg2 79 ,engl&71 #hc;ff2 79 ,france71 #hf;f1 #aba;f2 79 ,g]many71 #abi2 79 ,russia71 #ada;f4 ,see also ,social danc+4 ,c\rt%ip dances 7( birds71 #f4 ,cov5t ,g>d5 7,mlle4 ,sall at71 #ii4 ,craig1 ,gordon 7cit$ on ,fr5* ballet71 #bad4 ,crane ,dance 7,greek71 #fi4 ,crete1 #ed4 ,crimea 7folk-danc+71 #adj4 ,cr[ne1 ,john1 #hc4 ,cupid & ,bac*us 7,fr5* ballet71 #hg4 ,curetes 7,cretan danc]s71 #ed4 ,cybele1 #ed4 ,cyclops1 #ei4 ,cymbals 79 ,greek dances71 #ga4 ,cz>das 7,hung>ian folk-dance71 #abe;f4 ,d ,da$ulus1 #ec4 ,dalcroze4 ,see ,jacques-,dalcroze4 ,daldans 7,sw$i% folk-dance71 #acd4 ,dance music 7classical71 v4 ,dance ( ,baskets 79 ,eleus9ian my/]ies71 #fh4 ,dance ( ,fea!rs 7,*9ese c\rt dance71 #cc4 ,dance ( ! ,five ,s5ses 7mod]n ,indian dance71 #bji4 ,dance ( ! ,flag 7,*9ese dance71 #cc4 ,dance ( ! ,f\r ,dim5sions 7,egyptian dance71 #af4 ,dance ( ! ,glasses 7pseudo-,egyptian dance71 #bb4 ,dance ( ! ,gold5 ,calf1 #dd4 ,dance ( ,greet+ 7,arabian71 #di4 ,dance ( ,humanity 7,*9ese dance71 #cc4 ,dance ( ,innoc5ce 7,greek71 iv4 ,dance ( ! ,knees 79 ,dionysian ,my/]ies71 #fh;f4 ,dance ( ! ,my/ic ,bird 7,*9ese71 #cc4 ,dance pr9ciples1 #b4 ,danc+ def9$1 #b4 ,danc+ girls 7,greek71 #eg4 ,danc+ ,m&>9s1 #cd4 #8,danc+ ! music1' #bdh4 ,dani% ballet 7influ5ce on ,russian71 #afd;f4 ,dansomanie ,la 7,fr5* ballet71 #ib1 #aca4 ,dante 7cit$71 iii4 ,daphnis & ,*lo1 #fh4 ,d>gason 7,briti% folk-dance71 #abj4 ,d>gomijsky1 ,alex&] ,s]geyevit*1 #ajd1 #aha4 ,daub]val1 #hi1 #ia1 #aja4 ,daught] ( ! ,ph>aoh 7ballet71 #ba4 ,dav5ant1 ,sir ,william1 #hd4 ,david1 ,k+ ( ,israel1 #aj1 #dc1 #dd4 ,davilli]1 ,b>on1 quot$ 7on m$ival *ur* dance71 #gi2 7on ,spani% folk-dance71 #ajf2 7on ,seguidilla71 #aaj;f4 ,dea? ,dance 7,fakir dance comp>$ to71 #bh4 ,! ,dea? ( ,ajax 7ballet by ,nov]re71 #ij4 ,debussy1 ,claude1 #bcb4 ,deg5]ation 7( ballet71 #ahi;ff4 ,delians1 #ei4 ,delibes1 ,lo1 #aea1 #aeb1 #afg4 ,delicias caditanas 7,cadiz danc]s 9 ,rome71 #gg4 ,delphic ,fe/ivals1 #fi4 ,dels>te1 ,franois ,alex&re1 #bjg1 #baa;f1 #bad4 ,demetrius1 #fg1 #fi2 7,my/]ies71 #fa4 ,demi-cabriole 7ballet-/ep71 #ie4 ,demi-c\p 7ballet-/ep71 #ie4 ,democracy 7effect (1 on *oreography71 #ajb4 ,democratic basis ( danc+1 #aga4 ,d5m>k 7folk-danc+71 #acd2 7ballet71 #afb;ff2 7influ5ce on ,russian ballet71 #afi4 ,le ,ds]teur 7,fr5* ballet71 #ib4 ,desmond1 ,olga1 #bb1 #aic1 #bab4 ,despreaux 7,p>isian ballet danc]71 #aja4 ,desrat 7cit$ on ,eleus9ian ,my/]ies71 #fg4 ,devadazis 7,indian temple danc]s71 #bf4 ,devil's ,dance 7,f9ni% folk-dance71 #acc ,diaghileff1 ,w>sl(1 #bai;f4 ,diaghileff ballet1 #agf1 #ahe1 #bjj4 ,diana 7,greek goddess71 #ed4 ,didelot1 ,*>les-,l\is1 #aea1 #aed1 #afa1 #afd;f1 #ahj;f4 ,diodorus 7cit$71 #ac4 ,dionysian ,my/]ies1 #fa1 #fh4 ,dionysius ( ,syracuse1 #ed4 ,dionysos1 #ef1 #fg1 #fi1 #gd4 ,dipoda 7,greek dance71 #fa4 ,dohnnyi1 ,ern/ von1 #aff4 ,dohrn1 ,wolf & ,h>ald1 #bcd4 ,dolci 7pa9t+ ( ,salome dance71 #de4 ,dom9ique 7,p>isian h>lequ971 #ajj4 ,don ,juan 7,fr5* ballet71 #ajb4 #8,don ,quixote1' #ade4 ,dor 7pa9t+ ( *ur* danc+ 9 ,seville71 #gi4 ,dorians1 #fj4 ,do/oievsky1 #ajd4 ,drama 7influ5c$ by ,russian ballet71 #agf4 ,dramatic pr9ciple 7aga9/ *oreographic71 #bea4 ,dream ,dance 7,am]ican ,indians71 #ch;ff4 ,drehtanz1 #abi4 ,dresd51 #bcd4 ,dress 79 ,greek danc+71 #ff2 7( danc]s 9 ,seville ,ca!dral71 #gi2 79 ,engli% masques71 #hd2 79 #ah? c5t4 ballet71 #hi;f2 79 ballet dur+ ,fr5* ,revolution71 #id2 79 ,spani% folk-dances71 #aab;f2 7( ,morris danc]s71 #aae2 79 ,engli% ,sword dance71 #aaf2 79 ,hung>ian folk-dance71 #abe2 79 ,e/honian folk-dance71 #abg;f2 79 ,dut* folk-dances71 #ace2 79 ,slavic dances71 #acg2 79 ,m9uet71 #adg4 ,drigo1 #ahf4 ,drum 7,egyptian71 #bb2 7,indian71 #bg2 7,*9ese71 #cb2 7,japanese71 #ch2 7,am]ican ,indian71 #ci;f2 79 ,l\ ,gue71 #ha2 79 ,arm5ian folk-dance71 #ach4 ,drury ,lane1 #ajb4 ,dryad ,! 7ballet71 #afg4 ,dryads1 #hj4 ,dubois1 ,?odore1 #aea4 ,duncan1 ,elizabe?1 #bja4 ,duncan1 ,isadora1 #bb1 #ahg1 #aig;ff1 #bjd1 #bjf1 #baa1 #bab1 #bac1 #bad1 #bdd1 #bdg2 7quot$71 #aif;f2 7comp>$ ) ,/4 ,d5is71 #baj2 7influ5ce 9 ,russia71 #bah;f2 7pupils71 #bdh4 ,duncan ,s*ool1 #aig;f1 #bdh4 ,duport 7,p>is ballet danc]71 #ia1 #aja;f4 ,dupr 7,fr5* ballet danc]71 #hg4 ,dut* folk-danc+1 #ace4 ,dynamic expression1 #bdj4 ,e ,e>-tra9+ 79 ,jacques-,dalcroze ,s*ool71 #bdj4 ,education 7necessity (1 = ,greek danc]s71 #fe2 7lib]al1 ( ballet danc]s71 #agb;f4 ,edw>d ,,vii1 ,k+ ( ,engl&1 #bja4 ,egg ,dance 7,dut* folk-dance71 #ace4 ,egypt 7temple danc+71 iv1 #h1 #ae;ff2 7musical in/rum5ts71 #h2 7relation ( danc+ & religion71 #i1 #bdg1 #bfb2 7secul> danc+71 #ae;ff1 #bj;f2 7influ5ce (1 9 mod]n *oreography71 #bb2 7influ5ce (1 on ,hebrew danc+71 #dc;f2 7wor%ip ( ,pan71 #eg2 7/rophic pr9ciple 9 *oreography (71 #fc2 7hi/ory (1 9 ,greek education71 #fe2 7influ5ce (1 on ,spani% dances71 #aab4 ,egyptian ,w$d+ ,sc5es 7pseudo-,egyptian dance71 #bb4 ,electricity1 #aij4 ,eleus9ian ,my/]ies1 #fg;f4 ,elisseieff1 ,pr(1 7cit$ on ,egyptian danc+71 #ba4 ,elizabe?1 ,que5 ( ,engl&1 #hd1 #ade1 #aej4 ,ellis1 ,havelock1 quot$ 7on ,am]ican ,indian dances71 iv2 7on relation ( rhy?m to life71 vi2 7on mod]n ,spani% dances71 #baa4 ,elssl]1 ,fanny1 #aea1 #aee;ff4 ,em]son1 ,ralph ,waldo 7quot$ on ,elssl]71 #aee4 ,emmanuel 7cit$ on ,greek *oreography71 #gj4 ,emmeleia 7,greek dance71 iv1 #fa1 #fb;f4 ,endymatia 7,greek dance71 #fa4 ,engl& 7folk-danc+71 #aac2 7waltz71 #aca;f2 7social danc+71 #aej4 ,engli% ,ca!drals 7rhy?mic ritual us$ 971 viii4 ,entre*at1 #ih2 79 ,egyptian dance71 #bj4 ,erfurt1 #abi4 ,esclatism 7,greek gymna/ics71 #ga4 ,la ,esm]alda 7,p]rot & ,pugni71 #aeb4 ,e/honian folk-dances1 #aba1 #abf;f4 ,eug5ius ,,iv1 #gh;f4 ,eurhy?mics 7( ,jacques-,dalcroze71 #bcd;ff4 ,excelsior 7ballet71 #aeb4 ,f ,fabiol 79 ,spani% dance71 #gi;f4 ,fackeltanz1 #abh1 #acj4 ,fakir dances1 #bh;f4 ,falk5fle?1 ,haag5 7quot$ on ,jrg5-,j5s571 #afe4 ,f&ango 7,spani% folk-dance71 #ej1 #aje1 #ajf;f1 #aab4 ,f>&ole 7,fr5* folk-dance71 #aba2 7z c\rt dance71 #abb4 ,la ,f>&ole 7,dubois71 #aeb4 ,la ,f>ruca 7,spani% folk-dance71 #aaa4 ,fauns1 #hj4 ,fau/ 7ballet by ,p]rot71 #aeh4 ,feodorova1 ,sophie1 #bba1 #bbd4 ,f]rabosco1 ,alfonso1 #hd4 ,fe/5 i ,albano 7,dani% ballet71 #afc4 ,fe/ival ( ! ,sacr$ ,bull 7,egyptian71 #ae;f4 ,fe/ival ( ! ,supreme ,be+ 7,fr5* /roll+ ballet71 #ic;f4 ,fe/ivals 7,roman71 #gd1 #ge;f4 ,f9l& 7folk-dances71 #b1 #aba1 #acb2 7comp>$ to ,am]ican ,indian dances71 #ci2 7rune tunes71 #fc2 7horn dance71 #aag2 7naturali/ic s*ool71 #bje4 ,fiorella 7ballet71 #afc;f4 ,fire ,bird ,!1 #bca4 ,fire ,dance1 #aib4 ,fleure 7ballet /ep71 #ih4 ,fleury 7quot$71 #aja4 ,flit*1 ,j4 ,e4 ,craw=d1 quot$ 7on ,full]71 #aij;f4 ,floralia 7,roman fe/ivals71 #ge4 ,flore et ,zphire 7,fr5* ballet71 #aeb1 #aed4 ,flor5ce 7c\rt ballet71 #ij2 7folk-dance71 #abd4 ,fl[] ,dance1 #aib4 ,flute 79 ,egyptian dance music71 iv1 #h2 79 ,indian dance music71 #bg2 79 ,*9ese dance music71 #cb2 79 ,japanese dance music71 #ch2 79 ,am]ican ,indian dance music71 #da2 79 ,arabian dance music71 #di2 79 ,greek dance music71 #ef1 #eh;f1 #fa1 #gj2 79 ,roman dance music71 #gd1 #gf2 79 #ae? c5t4 ,italian ballet71 #hb4 ,fok9a1 ,v]a1 #aga1 #bbj1 #bba1 #bbd4 ,fok9e1 vi1 #bai;f1 #bbj1 #bbh1 #bca1 #bdd4 ,folk-dances1 #bff2 7rel4 to sex in/9ct71 v2 7,spani%71 #aje;ff2 7,italian71 #abb;ff2 7,g]man71 #abh;f2 7,f9ni%71 #acb;f2 7,sc&9avian71 #acc2 7,dut*71 #ace2 7,li?uanian71 #ace;f2 7,poli%71 #acf2 7,slavic71 #acf;ff2 7,arm5ian71 #ach;f2 7,russian71 #aci;ff1 #aga4 ,folk-songs1 #bfe2 7,russian71 #ahc4 ,=lana 7,italian folk-dance71 #abd4 ,f\ett 7,fr5* ballet /ep71 #ig4 ,f\ett pir\ette 79 ,egyptian dances71 #ah4 ,f\nta9 ( ,magic ,dances 79 ,eleus9ian ,my/]ies71 #fg4 ,fox ,dance 7,greek71 #fi4 ,france 7rhy?mic *ur* ritual71 iii-f1 #ha2 7folk-danc+71 #b1 #aba;ff1 #bfb2 7c\rt danc+71 #aj2 7gr& c\rt ballets71 #hc1 #hf;ff1 #bdg2 7democratic influ5ce71 #ajb2 7waltz71 #aca2 7influ5ce (1 on ,russian ballet71 #aga2 7naturali/ic s*ool71 #bje4 ,fr5* ,academy ( ,danc+1 #id;f1 #ii1 #aje4 ,fr5* ballet1 #hf;ff2 7mod]n criticism (71 #bad;ff4 ,fr5* ,revolution1 #ib1 #ic;f1 #adh4 ,froehli* 7,dani% compos]71 #afc4 ,fu5tes 7cit$ on ,seguidilla71 #aji;f4 ,full]1 ,loie1 #ahi1 #aij;ff4 ,full]1 ,m>g>et 7quot$ on ,elssl]71 #aee4 ,fun]al dances 7,japanese71 #cf2 7,greek71 #ed4 ,g ,gade1 ,niels ,w41 #acc1 #aea4 ,gaita 7,spani% in/rum5t71 #ajf4 ,galcotti 7ballet compos]71 #aeb4 ,galeazzo1 ,visconti1 ,duke ( ,milan1 #aj1 #ha4 ,gal5 7quot$71 #ed4 ,galeotti1 ,v9c5zo ,tomaselli1 #afb4 ,galicia 7*ur* danc+71 #gh2 7folk-danc+71 #ajf4 ,galli>d1 #adi;f4 ,g>del1 ,maximilian 7ballet compos]71 #ad1 #hi1 #ia1 #aca1 #adh1 #aea1 #afb4 ,el ,g>rot9 7,spani% folk-dance71 #aaa4 ,gauti]1 ,?ophile1 #aeb1 #aeh2 7quot$ on ,elssl]71 #aeg4 ,gavotte1 #gj1 #hf1 #adh4 ,g$eon(f1 #aha4 ,geltz] 7,russian ballet danc]71 #ahe4 ,g5e1 ,adel9e1 #aea1 #afg4 ,g5]alization1 !ory ( 79 ballet71 #baf;f4 ,g]many1 v2 7folk-danc+71 #abh;f2 7! waltz71 #aca;f2 7social danc+71 #aej2 7influ5ce ( ,duncan71 #bja4 ,ge/ure 7relation betwe51 & music71 #bdj4 ,see also ,pantomime4 ,ghiselle 7,fr5* ballet71 #aeb1 #aeh4 ,gho/ ,dance 7,am]ican ,indian dance71 #ch1 #dj;f4 ,gia 7,*9ese dance71 #cb4 ,gil*ri/1 ,connie1 #ahi4 ,glaz\n(f1 ,alex&] ,con/antovi*1 #ahc1 #ahf1 #bbd4 ,glire1 ,re9hold1 #bjf1 #bjg1 #bed1 #bei4 ,gl9ka1 ,mikail ,ivanovi*1 #ajd1 #aha1 #bbd1 #bed4 ,glissade 7ballet-/ep71 #ig;f4 ,gluck1 ,*ri/oph ,willibald1 #ajb;f1 #aba1 #adh1 #aeb1 #bjj4 ,gogol1 #ajd1 #aga4 ,gold5 ,calf 79 m$ival ballet71 #hj4 ,g\lu ,la 7ballet danc]71 #aib4 ,grahn1 ,lucile 7ball]9a71 #afc;f4 ,gr& ballets 7( ,fr5* c\rt71 #hc1 #hf;ff4 ,grati]5ess ,huld+ 7,dani% ballet71 #afb4 ,gravey>d ,dance 7,ori5tal71 #ba;f4 ,gravity 79 naturali/ic danc+71 #aif;f1 #bae4 ,greece 7philosoph]s (1 quot$ on danc+71 iii2 7religi\s danc+71 iv1 #i1 #aj1 #eb;ff1 #ei2 7writ]s (1 cit$ on ,spani% danc+71 #df;f2 7its *oreography71 #eb-ga2 7fe/ival danc+71 #ed;f2 7folk-danc+71 #aba4 ,greek danc+ 7mod]n #8revivals' (71 #aie;f2 7,jacques-,dalcroze sy/em71 #bde1 #bdg4 ,greek ,*ur* 7danc+ 971 iii4 ,greek ,my/]ies1 #fa4 ,gregory1 ,johann 7ballet ma/] 9 ,russia71 #agi4 ,gret*an9(f1 ,alex&]1 #bee4 ,gretna ,gre5 7ballet71 #aeb4 ,grtry1 ,&r ,erne/e ,mode/e1 #adh4 ,griboy$(f1 ,tele%ova1 #agh4 ,grieg1 ,edv>d1 #ajd1 #acc1 #bja1 #bje1 #bjf4 ,grisi1 ,c>lotta1 #aea1 #aeh4 ,gr\p+ 7decorative71 #bce4 ,gu]r]o1 ,ros>io1 #baj4 ,guild dances 7,g]man71 #abi4 ,guillaume ,tell 7,fr5* ballet71 #ib4 ,guim>d1 ,madele9e 7,fr5* ballet danc]71 #ia1 #id1 #ii1 #ajj;f4 ,guit> 7,egyptian71 #h2 7,african71 #dg2 79 ,spani% folk-dance71 #ajg1 #aaj4 ,gu/ave ,vasa 7,fr5* ballet71 #ajb4 ,gymna/ics 7rhy?mic71 #bcd;ff4 ,gymnopdia1 #ei;f4 ,h ,hailii 7,f9ni% folk-dance71 #acc4 ,h&el1 ,george ,fr$]ick1 #ii2 7b\res71 #aba2 7c\rantes71 #ade4 ,h>lequ91 ,p>isian 7,dom9ique71 #ajj4 ,h>p 79 ,egyptian dance music71 #h2 79 ,am]ican ,indian dance music71 #da2 79 ,greek dance music71 #ec1 #ef2 79 ,roman dance music71 #gf2 79 ,e/honian folk-dance music71 #abg2 79 ,f9ni% dance music71 #acc4 ,h>tmann1 ,johann ,pet] ,emil1 #acc1 #aea1 #aeb1 #afc4 ,hatton 7,engli% danc]71 #aej4 ,hawasis1 #bj;f4 ,haydn1 ,joseph1 v4 ,hebrews1 iii1 #dc;ff4 ,see also ,jewi% ,m>riage ,dances1 etc4 ,hel5 ( ,sp>ta1 iv4 ,hell]au 7,college ( ,rhy?mic ,gymna/ics71 #bcd;ff4 ,hempua 7,f9ni% folk-dance71 #acc4 ,h5ri ,,iv1 ,k+ ( ,france 7patron ( danc+71 #hf4 ,h5rietta ,m>ia1 ,que5 ( ,engl&1 #hd4 ,h5ry ,,vii1 ,k+ ( ,engl&1 #hd4 ,h]culaneum1 #eg4 ,h]cules 9 ,love 7,fr5* ballet71 #hg4 ,h]mes1 ,egyptian god 7,?o?71 #ac4 ,hro et ,le&re 7,fr5* ballet71 #id4 ,h]odotus 7cit$71 #ac4 ,hesiod 7cit$71 #eb1 #fe4 ,het] 7,greek71 #fi1 #gj4 ,hi]oglyphs1 #ab;ff4 ,high ,kick]s1 #ahi4 ,highl& ,fl+ 7,scot* folk-dance71 #aah4 ,hilf]d+1 #ahj4 ,h9cks1 ,m>cella ,a4 7cit$ on ,japanese danc+71 #ce4 ,hi/orical ,ballet 7,*9ese71 #cc4 ,hom] 7cit$71 #eb1 #ec;f1 #ef;f1 #eg1 #fe4 ,hoppe1 ,johann ,f]d9&1 #afd4 ,hora 7,r\manian folk-dance71 #acg;f4 ,horace 7cit$71 #gb4 ,horatii 7,fr5* ballet71 #ij4 ,hormos 7,greek dance71 #fa1 #fd4 ,horn 79 ,f9ni% dance music71 #acc4 ,horn ,dance 7,engli% folk-dance71 #aag;f4 ,hornpipe 7,scot* folk-dance71 #aai4 ,hovey1 ,mrs4 ,ri*>d1 #aie;f1 #bab1 #bad4 ,huang-,ta1 #cj4 ,humpty-,dumpty 7ballet71 #aij4 ,hung>y 7folk-danc+71 #b1 #abd;ff4 ,hymn to ,apollo1 #ef4 ,hymnea 7,greek dance71 #fa4 ,hypor*ema 7,greek dance71 #ee1 #ei4 ,i ,ibs51 ,h5rik1 #ajd4 ,idealism 7classic71 #aeg4 ,ilia ,murometz 7,russian folk-dance71 #adj4 ,iliad 7cit$71 #ec;f1 #abg4 ,impati5cem 7#ag?-c5t4 ballet71 #hg4 ,imp]ial ,ballet ,s*ool 7,russian71 #ij;f1 #aje1 #agb1 #aha4 ,imp]ial ,dramatic ,danc+ ,s*ool 7,russian71 #ahj4 ,improvisation 7c\rse 9 ,jacques-,dalcroze s*ool71 #bdj4 ,india 7relation ( danc+ & religion71 #i2 7*oreographic art71 #bd;ff2 7effect ( music on danc+71 #be2 7dances (1 9 ,european imitation71 #bji4 ,indians4 ,see ,am]ican ,indian4 ,indulg5ces 7sold by cl]gy = danc+71 #ha4 ,+ham1 ,e!l 7quot$71 #bcd;f4 ,+ham1 ,p]cy ,b4 7quot$71 #bdb4 ,innoc5ce1 ,dance ( 7,egyptian71 iv4 ,innsbruck1 #abi4 ,in/rum5ts 79 ,egyptian dance music71 #h1 #af4 ,ionic ,movem5ts1 #ef4 ,iphig5ia 9 ,aulis 7,gluck71 #aeb4 ,ippolit(f-,ivan(f1 ,mikail ,mikailovit*1 #bef4 ,irel& 7folk-danc+71 #aai;f4 ,irv91 ,beatrice1 #bjf4 ,isabella ( ,aragon1 #ha4 ,isis cult1 #ae;f4 ,i/om9a 7,russian ball]9a71 #agh1 #aha4 ,italy1 v1 #ajb2 7folk-dances71 #b1 #abb;ff2 7c\rt danc+71 #aj2 7m$ival /roll+ ballets71 #hj;f2 7influ5ce on ,russian ballet71 #aga4 #8,ivan ! ,t]rible' 7,russian folk-dance71 #adj1 #ada4 ,ives1 ,simon 7compos] ( masque music71 #hc4 ,ivi-,m5 7,*9ese dance71 #cb4 ,j ,jack ,%epp>d 7ballet71 #aij4 ,jacques-,dalcroze1 mile1 #bcd;ff1 #bdg1 #bdi2 7eurhy?mics (1 comp>$ ) ,greek danc+71 #ga4 ,jacques-,dalcroze ,s*ool1 #aig;f1 #bjj4 ,ja]nefelt1 ,armas1 #bje4 ,el ,jaleo 7,spani% folk-dance71 #aaa4 ,james ,i1 ,k+ ( ,engl&1 #hd4 ,japan 7pantomimic "* ( danc+71 #c2 7dance (1 adopt$ 9 ,*9a71 #cc;f2 7fun]al dances71 #ce;ff2 7,european *oreographic imitations71 #bjh2 7folk-dances71 #bfb4 de ,jaulnaye 7cit$ on ,roman danc]s71 #gc4 ,java 7pantomimic *oreography71 #c4 ,j]usalem1 ,temple (1 #dd4 ,jet1 #id1 #ie2 79 ,egyptian dance71 #bj2 79 ,bibasis71 #fb4 ,jewi% m>riage dances 79 ,morocco71 #dd4 ,jewi% morali/s 7antagonism to danc+71 #i4 ,jig 7,iri% folk-dance71 #aai;f4 ,jota 7,spani% dance71 #ej1 #aje1 #ajg;f4 ,jones1 ,inigo1 ,engli% ar*itect1 #hc1 #hd4 ,jonson1 ,b51 #hc1 #hd4 ,jrg5-,j5s51 ,elna 7ballet danc]71 #afe;ff4 ,judgm5t ( ,p>is ,! 7ballet by ,nov]re71 #ij4 ,jupit]1 #ed4 ,juv5al1 #gd4 ,k ,kaakuria 7,f9ni% folk-dance71 #acc4 ,ka>a ,jaan 7,e/honian folk-dance71 #abf;f4 ,kagura 7,japanese dance71 #ch4 ,kait]ma 7,cossack dance71 #adj4 ,kalevala1 #beg4 ,kalewipoeg1 #aba1 #abg4 ,kalmuk dances 7comp>$ to ,am]ican ,indian dances71 #ci4 ,kam>i5skaya 7,russian folk-dance71 #adj1 #adb4 ,k>sav9a1 ,tam>a1 #aga1 #agf1 #ahc1 #ahh1 #bbj1 #bba1 #bbb1 #bbf1 #bbg;f1 #bbi1 #bca1 #bdh4 ,kasat*y 7,russian folk-dance71 #adj1 #ada;f4 ,kia-,k+ 7ballet by ,titus71 #cd4 ,k9ney1 ,troy & ,m>g>et ,we/ 7quot$ on ,arabian dances71 #dg;ff2 7quot$ on ,f&ango71 #ajg;f2 7quot$ on ,la ,f>ruca71 #aaa2 7quot$ on mod]n ,spani% dances71 #baj;f4 ,kir*(f 7cit$ on ,greek dance71 #fc4 ,kolla 7,slavic folk-dance71 #acg4 ,kolossova1 ,eug5y1 #agi4 ,kon-,fu-,tse 7,*9ese morali/71 #cj4 ,kosl(f 7,russian ballet danc]71 #bba4 ,ko/roma 7folk-danc+ 971 #adj4 ,kreutz]1 ,rodolphe1 #ajb4 ,krohn1 ,dr4 ,ilm>i1 #acb4 ,k%es9skaya1 ,ma?ilda1 #aea1 #agi1 #ahc1 #ahe1 #ahh4 ,k%es9sky1 ,felix1 #ahb4 ,kuljak 7,e/honian folk-dance71 #abf;f4 ,kuula1 ,toiwo1 #bje4 ,kya%t1 ,lydia1 #ahe1 #ahh4 ,l ,lac$monian dance1 #ei;f4 ,see also ,sp>tan dance4 ,lada1 #bdd1 #bec;ff4 ,lancelot 7quot$71 #acg;f4 ,l&e 7ballet director71 #ahj4 ,lange-,mll]1 ,wilhelm1 #bje4 ,lani]e1 ,ni*olas1 #hd4 ,lann]1 ,katty1 #aei4 ,lant]n ,fe/ival 79 ,*9a71 #ce4 ,l>*]1 ,pi]re ,j41 #afc4 ,laurette 7ballet71 #aeb4 ,lawes1 ,william1 #hc4 #8,leap ) ,tor*es' 79 ,eleus9ian my/]ies71 #fg4 ,lg5de de ,joseph 7,/rauss71 #bcb4 ,leggatt1 #ahb4 ,leice/]1 ,e>l (1 #aej4 ,lesg9ka 7,cossack dance71 #adj4 ,less+1 #afa4 ,lessogor(f1 #ahj4 ,letti% folk-dances1 #aba4 ,lev9sohn1 ,a4 7quot$ on ,duncan ,s*ool71 #aih2 7quot$ on ! old ballet71 #bae4 ,liadova 7ball]9a71 #aea4 ,ligne1 ,pr9cess de1 #ajj4 ,li-,kaong-,ti 7,*9ese mon>*71 #ca4 ,lily 7ballet by ,san-,leon71 #cd;f4 ,l9d1 ,letti1 #ahi4 ,liszt1 ,franz1 #abe4 ,li?uania 7folk-danc+71 #aba1 #ace;f4 ,little ,m]maid ,! 7ballet71 #afg4 ,littr 7cit$71 #hh4 ,liv+/on 7cit$71 iii4 ,livry1 ,emma1 #aei4 ,livy 7cit$71 #gd4 ,locatelli1 ,pietro1 #ahj4 ,lopokova1 ,lydia1 #ahc1 #ahe1 #ahh4 ,loti1 ,pi]re 7cit$ on ,indian danc+71 #bh4 ,l\ ,gue 7m$ival ballet71 #hj;f4 ,l\is ,,xiv1 #hf;f1 #ade4 ,l\is ,,xv1 #hf;f1 #hh1 #ade1 #adg1 #adh4 ,l\is1 ,pi]re1 #bjg4 ,love's ,triumph ,callipolis 7masque by ,b5 ,jonson71 #hd4 ,lubke 7cit$ on ballet danc+71 #agc4 ,lucas et ,laurette 7,fr5* ballet71 #id4 ,lucceia 7,roman danc]71 #gg4 ,lucian 7quot$71 iii2 7cit$71 #ad1 #eb1 #ed1 #fc1 #fd1 #fe4 ,ludiones 7,roman b>ds71 #gd4 ,lully1 ,jean-,bapti/e1 #hf1 #hg2 7s>ab&es71 #adg2 7gavottes71 #adh4 ,lup]calia 7,roman fe/ival71 #ge4 ,lutes 79 #ae? c5t4 ,italian ballet71 #hb ,lyre1 iv2 7,egyptian71 #h1 #ac2 7,hebrew71 #dd2 79 ,greek dance music71 #eg1 #eh2 79 #ae? c5t4 ,italian ballet71 #hb4 #8,lysi/rata' 7com$y by ,ari/ophanes71 #fa4 ,lysi/rata 7,greek dance71 #fa4 ,m ,mac,dowell1 ,edw>d1 #bed1 #bef4 ,mac,dowell ,fe/ival 7,pet]boro1 ,n4 ,h471 #aag4 ,mnad ,dance 7,greek71 #fi4 ,maet]l9ck1 ,maurice1 #beg;f4 ,mahabh>ata 7,indian epic71 #abg4 ,maill>d1 ,mlle4 7ballet danc]71 #ib4 ,malakavel 7,fr5* ballet71 #ajb4 ,la ,man*a 7its folk-dances71 #aji4 ,m&>9 dances 7,*9ese71 #cd4 ,man]os 7danc+ ,ph>aoh71 #ac4 ,m>a?on games1 #ed4 ,m>ie ,anto9ette1 #adh4 ,m>riage c]emonies1 masques p]=m$ at1 #hc4 ,see also ,jewi% m>riage dances4 ,m>s1 #gd4 ,m>s et ,v5us 7,fr5* ballet71 #aec4 ,m>seillaise 7ballet71 #ib;f4 ,m>tial 7cit$71 #gg4 ,masai 7w> danc+71 #e4 ,masque ( ,beauty 7,b5 ,jonson71 #hc4 ,masque ( ,blackness 7,b5 ,jonson71 #hc4 ,masque ( ,cass&ra1 #hf4 ,masque ( ,ca/illo 7,john ,cr[ne74 #hc ,masque ( ,owles1 #hd4 ,masques 7,engli%71 #hc4 ,ma!matics 7relation (1 to danc+ & ar*itecture71 vi4 ,mauri1 ,rosetta 7ball]9a71 #aei4 ,mazurka1 #acf4 ,m$ivalism 7relation to danc+71 v4 ,see also ,middle ,ages4 ,m$ici1 ,ca!r9e de'1 #aj1 #hf1 #aba4 ,mek na snut 7,egyptian pir\ette71 #bj4 ,mel>t91 ,erik1 #bje4 ,melkatu/a 7,f9ni% folk-dance71 #acb4 ,memphis 7temple dances to ,osiris71 #ae;f4 ,m]*ant ,taylor's ,hall 7masques p]=m$ at71 #hc4 ,m]ikanto1 #bje4 ,mess]tanz 7( ,nuremb]g71 #abi4 ,mexicans1 iii4 ,mey]be]1 ,giacomo1 #ajc1 #aea4 ,miass9e1 ,leonide1 #bcb4 ,middle ,ages 7*oreography (71 #gh;ff1 #bdg4 ,milan ,s*ool1 #aea4 ,milit>y dance4 ,see ,w> dance4 ,milon 7,fr5* compos] & ballet ma/]71 #ia1 #id1 #aja4 ,mimii 7,roman danc]s71 #gd4 ,m9]va1 #ed4 ,m9uet 7comp>ison (1 to ,greek dances71 #gj2 79 ,l\ ,gue71 #hj2 79 #ag?-c5t4 ,fr5* c\rt71 #hf1 #adg;f4 ,miriam 7,biblical "*71 #ai4 ,mirror ,dance1 #aib4 ,mohamm$ans1 #ba4 ,molire1 #hf4 ,mongolian tribes 7danc+ (1 comp>$ ) ,indians71 #bh2 7use ( ,pyrrhic dance by71 #fj4 ,montev]di1 #hb4 ,moors1 #df2 7influ5ce (1 on ,spani% dances71 #ej;f1 #aje1 #ajf1 #aab4 ,mordk91 ,mikail1 #ahe1 #ahg1 #bbj1 #bba1 #bbb1 #bdh4 ,moreau 7pa9t+ ( ,salome dance71 #de4 ,morocco 7,almeiis danc+71 #ba4 ,morris ,dances1 #aac;ff4 ,mosc[ 7,imp]ial ,ballet ,s*ool71 #agb2 7op]a h\se71 #age4 ,moses1 #dc1 #dd4 ,m\jiks1 #agb1 #agh4 ,m\nt ,ida1 #ed4 ,m\ssorgsky1 ,mode/1 #ajd1 #aga1 #aha1 #bbd4 ,movem5t 7rel4 to s\nd71 #bch4 ,moz>t1 v1 #aja1 #ajb;f1 #bjf4 ,mll]1 ,max 7cit$71 #fj1 #fb4 ,muni* 7guild dance71 #abi4 ,muravieva 7ball]9a71 #aea4 ,murcia 7folk-dances (71 #ajf4 ,muses 7,egyptian71 #ac2 7,greek71 #aj1 #ed1 #eg4 ,museums4 ,see ,briti% ,museum1 ,petrograd ,museum1 ,naples ,museum4 ,music 7( ,japanese71 #ch2 79 ,greek dances71 #eh2 7influ5c$ by ,russian ballet71 #agf2 7z und]ly+ pr9ciple ( danc+71 #aih2 79 relation to eurhy?mics71 #bce1 #bcf;f1 #bdb2 7relation to ge/ure71 #bdj1 #bdh2 79 rel4 to mod]n ballet71 #bdi;ff2 7syncopat$1 ( ,am]ica71 #bfe4 ,musical notation 7,arabic71 #ag1 #dg2 7,egyptian71 #ag2 7,spani%71 #ag2 7,*9ese71 #cc4 ,muyni]a 7,galician folk-dance71 #ajf4 ,my/]ies4 ,see ,eleus9ian ,my/]ies1 ,dionysian ,my/]ies4 ,my/]ies ( ,demetrius1 #fi4 ,n ,naples ,museum1 #fi4 ,napoleon1 #ajb1 #adh4 ,nationalism 7express$ 9 folk-danc+71 #c1 #aac2 7rel4 to arts71 #ajd;ff2 79 ,sc&9avia71 #ajd2 79 ,russia71 #ajd;f2 79 ,iri% folk-dance71 #aai;f2 79 ,f9ni% folk-dances71 #acb;f4 ,naturali/ic ,s*ool1 #aie;ff1 #bcb;f4 ,nature 7expression (1 9 danc+71 #aif4 ,nausicaa1 #eb4 ,naut* ,dance1 #bji4 ,naut* girls1 #bf4 ,naxos1 #ed4 ,neo-,hell5ism1 #bde4 ,neoptolemus1 #fj4 ,n]o1 #gd1 #ge4 ,nicom$es ( ,pi?ynia1 #ee4 ,niels51 ,augu/a1 #afd4 ,nij9sky1 ,waslaw1 #bbj1 #bba1 #bbb1 #bbd1 #bbf1 #bbi1 #bdh4 ,nijny ,novgorod1 #adj4 ,nile 7c5tre ( anci5t danc+71 #aj4 ,n9a 7,fr5* ballet71 #id4 ,notation4 ,see ,musical notation4 ,nov]re1 ,jean ,georges1 vi1 #aj1 #hg1 #hi1 #ia1 #ii1 #aea1 #aeb1 #ahj1 #aif4 ,novik(f 7,russian ballet danc]71 #ahe4 ,novitzkaya 7ball]9a71 #aea1 #aha4 ,nude ,bayad]es1 #ahi4 ,nudity 79 ,egyptian dances71 #ah2 79 ,greek dances71 #ed;f2 79 mod]n deg5]ate dances71 #aic4 ,nuitt]1 ,*>les ,l\is ti5ne 7z ballet compos]71 #aea1 #aeb4 ,numa 7my?ical f\nd] ( ,roman sacr$ dance71 #aj1 #gc4 ,nuremb]g 7its guild dance71 #abi4 ,nut ,crack] ,suite 7,ts*aik[sky71 #ahe4 ,nymphs1 dances ( 79 ,dionysian ,my/]ies71 #fh;f4 ,o ,ob]amm]gau ,passion ,play 7comp>ison ) ,*9ese #8,hi/orical ,ballet'71 #cc4 ,ob]tass 7,poli% dance71 #acf4 ,oboe 79 ,indian dance71 #bg4 ,odyssey 7cit$71 #eb4 ,l',oiseau de ,feu 7ballet71 #bca4 ,ojibways1 #ci4 ,olaf d5 ,hellige 7,dani% ballet71 #afc4 ,olympic games1 #ed4 ,op]a 7influ5c$ by ,russian ballet71 #agf2 79 rel4 to mod]n ballet71 #bfe4 ,op]a h\ses1 #age4 ,see also ,p>is ,opra2 ,mosc[ 7op]a h\se74 ,l',oracle 7ballet71 #ib4 #8,oranges & ,lemons' 7,briti% folk-dance71 #abj4 #8,or*e/ra' 79 ,greek dance71 #fc4 ,or*e/ration 79 #ae?-c5t4 ballets71 #hb4 ,ori5t1 danc+ 91 #c4 ,see also ,*9a1 ,india1 ,japan1 etc4 ,ori5tal dances 7,european imitations71 #bjh;f4 ,orpheus' ,desc5t into ,hell 7ballet by ,nov]re71 #ij4 ,orpheus & ,euridice 7#ag?-c5t4 ballet71 #agi4 ,osiris cult1 #ae;f4 ,o/rovsky1 #ajd;f1 #aga1 #agg4 ,la ,ot]o 7,spani% danc]71 #baj1 #baa4 ,owl ,dance 7,greek71 #fi4 ,p ,pasiello1 ,giovanni1 v4 ,paim5soitaja 7,f9ni% folk-dance71 #acc4 ,pa9t+1 #bce2 7influ5c$ by ,russian ballet71 #agf2 79 relation to eurhy?mics71 #bci4 ,pallas1 #gd1 #ge4 ,pan 7,greek & ,egyptian deity71 #eg2 7,roman71 #gd4 ,pant9 7amateur /age at71 #aja4 ,pantomime 79 ,*9ese danc+71 #ca;ff2 79 ,japanese danc+71 #cf;ff2 79 ,am]ican ,indian dances71 #da;f2 7,arabian71 #dg;f2 7,roman71 #gd1 #gf;f2 7m$ival sacr$71 #ha2 79 ,spani% folk-dance71 #aaa2 79 ,r\manian folk-dance71 #ach2 79 ,salome dance71 #aia2 7us$ by ,duncan71 #aii2 79 rel4 to music71 #bdi4 ,le ,papillon 7ballet71 #aei1 #ahf4 ,p>is 7,italian c\rt pantomime introduc$71 #aj2 7#8,fatima' s5sation71 #bb2 7ecclesia/ical attitude t[>d danc+71 #ha2 7#ah?-c5t4 ballet71 #ia2 7popul>ity ( ! ,psy*e ballet71 #ib2 7,cam>go71 #ajj2 7,taglioni71 #aec4 ,p>is ,opra1 #ia1 #ajj4 ,p>is ,s*ool1 #aea4 ,pas b\rre1 #ig4 ,pas c\p1 #ie4 ,pas d'allem&e1 #bj4 ,pas de basque1 #ig2 79 ,passepi$71 #adi4 ,pas de b\rre embot1 #ig4 ,pas de *eval 79 ,egyptian dances71 #ah4 ,pas m>*1 #ie4 ,pas saut1 #ih4 ,passepi$1 #adi4 ,paul1 ,adolf1 #beg4 ,paul1 ,cz>1 #agh;f1 #aha4 ,paul et ,virg9ie 7,fr5* ballet71 #ib4 ,paulli1 ,simon ,holg]1 #aeb4 ,pavana 7,murcian folk-dance71 #ajf4 ,pavane1 #gj2 7*>act]i/ics71 #hg2 79 #ag?-c5t4 ,fr5* c\rt71 #hf1 #add4 ,pavilion d',armide 7ballet71 #bbf1 #bbi4 ,pavl[a1 ,anna1 vi1 #aga1 #age;f1 #ahc1 #ahe1 #ahf;f1 #ahg1 #bae1 #bbj1 #bbb1 #bdg4 ,pec\r 7ballet danc]71 #hg1 #hh4 ,pe] ,gynt ,suite 7z ballet71 #bja4 ,la ,p]i 7ballet71 #aeh4 ,p]icles1 #gj4 ,p]rot 7ballet danc] & compos]71 #aeb1 #aed1 #aeh4 ,p]sian ,gravey>d ,dance1 #ba4 ,pet] ! ,great1 #agi4 ,petipa1 ,m>ius1 vi1 #ba1 #aea1 #aei1 #ahb;f1 #aif1 #bai2 7quot$ on ,petrograd ,imp]ial ,ballet ,s*ool71 #agc;f4 ,petipa s*ool1 #ahe4 ,petit battem5ts1 #ie4 ,les ,petits ,ri5s 7,nov]re & ,moz>t71 #ia4 ,petrograd 7,museum71 #ac2 7,imp]ial ,ballet ,s*ool71 #agb2 7op]a h\se71 #age4 ,petr\*ka 7,/rav9sky71 #bbi;ff4 ,ph>aohs 7danc+ 9 ! c\rt (71 #ag4 ,philip ( ,mac$onia1 #ee4 ,philippus 7,roman consul71 #gf4 ,philosophic symbolism 79 ,indian dance71 #bi4 ,phnicians1 #eg4 ,physical ex]cises1 #bci4 ,pipe 7,egyptian71 #h1 #ah4 ,pipes 79 ,gravey>d ,dance71 #bb2 79 #ae?-c5t4 ,italian ballet71 #hb4 ,pir\ette1 #id1 #ig1 #aej1 #afc2 79 ,egyptian danc+71 #ah1 #bj4 ,plaasovaya 7,russian folk-dance71 #adj4 ,pla/omimic *oreography1 #bdg;ff4 ,plato 7quot$71 iv2 7cit$71 #eb1 #eh1 #fg1 #fi4 ,plots 7= ballets71 #bej4 ,plut>* 7cit$71 iv1 #ad1 #de1 #fg4 ,poetry1 #bce4 ,po9tes1 #afc1 #bae4 ,pol& 7folk-danc+71 #acf4 ,pollux1 #ed4 ,polo 7,moori% dance71 #ajf4 ,polonaise 7,poli% folk-dance71 #acf4 ,pol[etsi dance 7,cossack71 #adj4 ,portugal 7m$ival /roll+ ballets71 #hj;f4 ,positions4 ,see ,/eps4 ,p\%k91 #agh4 ,prvo/1 ,mme41 #ajj4 ,priapus1 #ed4 ,price1 ,waldem> 7,dani% ballet danc]71 #afd4 ,primitive dances 7rel4 to sexual selection71 #f4 ,primitive peoples1 #c;ff4 ,pr9ce ,igor1 #bbh4 ,pr(essional danc+1 #g2 7,egyptian71 #ah4 ,prov5ce1 #hj;f1 #abb1 #aca4 ,prussia 7,fackeltanz71 #abh4 ,psk(f1 #adj4 ,psy*e 7,fr5* ballet71 #ib4 ,psy*ology1 #a;ff1 #bd1 #de1 #acf1 #aci4 ,pugni1 ,ces>e 7ballet compos]71 #aeb4 ,pygmalion & ,galatea 7ballet71 #ii4 ,pylades 7,roman danc]71 #gc1 #gd;f4 ,pyrrhic dance1 #fj;f4 ,py?ian games1 #ed4 ,q ,quadrille 7,fr5* social dance71 #abb4 ,qu9tilian 7quot$71 #gb4 ,r ,rab9(f1 ,max1 #ahh4 ,racial *>act]i/ics1 #aa4 #8,ragtime1' #bfc4 ,ra9b[ ,dance1 #aib4 ,ramble 7,indian goddess ( danc+71 #bd;f4 ,realism1 #aeg1 #bdi;f4 ,rception d'une jeune ,nymphe la ,c\rt de ,t]psi*ore1 #aeb4 ,re$ pipes4 ,see ,pipes4 ,reg]1 ,max1 #bje4 ,regn>d 7quot$71 #hh4 ,re9a*1 ,?odore 7cit$ on ,greek arts71 #fi4 ,r5 ( ,prov5ce 7au?or ( m$ival ballet71 #hj4 ,r5o 7pa9t] ( ,salome dance71 #de4 ,rhe9lnd] 7,g]man dance71 #aca4 ,rhy?m1 #a1 #b2 79 naturali/ic danc+71 #aif1 #aih2 7z basis ( all arts71 #bce2 79 ,jacques-,dalcroze sy/em71 #bci1 #bdd2 79 ballet71 #bej4 ,rhy?mic gymna/ics1 #bcd;ff1 #bdj1 #bdi4 ,ri*elieu1 #hf1 #ajj4 ,rigaudon1 #adh;f4 ,rimsky-,korsak(f1 ,nicolai1 #aea1 #aeb1 #aga1 #ahc1 #bbd1 #bbf1 #bed4 ,r9aldo & ,armida 7ballet by ,nov]re71 #ij1 #ii4 ,ri/i ,tants 7,e/honian folk-dance71 #abf;ff4 ,rob]t ( ,norm&ie 7ballet71 #afd4 ,robespi]re1 #ic4 ,rob9son1 ,l\is 7cit$ on dance in/9ct71 #c4 ,rod9 7quot$71 #aif4 ,romaika 7,slavic folk-dance71 #acg4 ,rome 7danc+ 971 #c1 #gb;ff1 #bdg2 7sacr$ danc+71 #i2 7imitation ( ,greek dances71 #aj2 7,pyrrhic dance71 #fj4 ,roman ,*ur*4 ,see ,*ur*4 ,romulus1 #gc4 ,rondes 7simil>ity to ,eleus9ian ,my/]ies71 #fg2 7,fr5* folk-dance71 #aba4 ,roses ( ,love 7ballet by ,nov]re71 #ij4 ,ross9i1 #aja1 #ajc1 #aea4 ,r\51 #ajj4 ,r\mania 7folk-dance71 #acg;f4 ,r\nd4 ,see ,ronde4 ,royal ,academy ( ,danc+ 7,fr5*71 #hf4 ,rub9/e91 ,anton1 #ahc1 #bef2 7compos$ #8,t>antella'71 #abd4 ,rub9/e91 ,ida1 #de4 ,rugg]a 7,italian folk-danc+71 #abd4 ,rune tunes 7,f9ni%71 #fc4 ,russia 7,imp]ial ,ballet71 #ib2 7influ5ce (1 on *oreography71 #ajb2 7nationali/ic t5d5cies71 #ajd;f2 7folk-danc+71 #aci;ff1 #bfb2 7influ5ces on ballet71 #afi2 7ballets ( op]a h\se71 #age2 7influ5ce ( ,duncan s*ool71 #bjj1 #bjf1 #bah;f4 ,russian ,imp]ial ,ballet ,s*ool1 #ij;f1 #aje1 #agb4 ,russian ,imp]ial ,dramatic ,danc+ ,s*ool1 #ahj4 ,ru!nia 7folk-danc+74 ,see ,slavic folk-dances4 ,s ,sac*etto1 ,rita1 #bjc1 #bab4 ,sacre du ,pr9temps 7,/rav9sky71 #bca4 ,sacr$ danc+ 79 rel4 to folk-lore71 #i2 7,egyptian71 #ae2 7,indian71 #bf2 7,japanese71 #ch2 7,am]ican ,indian71 #ci1 #da;f2 7,greek71 #ei1 #fg;ff2 7,roman71 #gc;f4 ,sadl]1 ,mi*ael ,t4 ,h4 7quot$ on ,jacques-,dalcroze ,s*ool71 #bce;f4 ,sah>a ,gravey>d ,dance1 #ba4 ,sailor's ,dance 7,dut*71 #ace4 ,/4 ,basil 7cit$71 iii4 ,/4 ,c>los 7celebrat$ by /roll+ ballet71 #hj4 ,/4 ,d5is1 ,ru?1 #bjh1 #bab4 ,sa9t-,lon1 #aei4 ,/4 ,mat!w 7quot$71 #dd4 ,/4 ,pet]sburg 7c\rt ballet71 #ij1 #afa4 ,see also ,petrograd4 ,sa9t-,sans1 ,camille1 #ahf4 ,/4 ,vitus' ,dance1 #abi4 ,sakuntala 7,fr5* ballet71 #aeb4 ,sall1 ,mlle41 #id1 #ii1 #ajj4 ,salmacida ,spolia 7,sir ,william ,dav5ant71 #hd4 ,salome dances1 #dd;f1 #aia4 ,salome 7,ri*>d ,/rauss71 #de4 ,salt>ello 7,italian folk-dance71 #abd4 ,sangalli1 ,rita1 #aei4 ,sappho1 #gj1 #id4 ,s>ab&e1 #adf4 ,s>asate1 ,pablo1 #ajh4 ,satyr ,dance 79 ,dionysian ,my/]ies71 #fh1 #fi4 ,sauvages de la ,m] du ,sud1 ,les 7,fr5* ballet71 #id4 ,savage peoples4 ,see ,primitive peoples4 ,sav9skaya1 #bjf4 ,saxony 7folk-danc+71 #acj4 ,scalig]1 ,joseph ,ju/a 7cit$71 #ed4 ,sc&9avia 7folk-dances71 #b1 #acc2 7nationali/ic t5d5cies71 #ajd;f2 7waltz71 #aca2 7naturali/ic s*ool71 #bje4 ,s*afft]tanz 7( ,muni*71 #abi4 ,s*eh]ezade 7,rimsky-,korsak(f71 #aeb1 #bbf4 ,s*ill]1 #aff1 #bej4 ,s*irjajeff1 #ahb4 ,s*liemann 7,egyptologi/71 cit$1 #ag4 ,s*moll] 7,saxonian folk-dance71 #acj4 ,s*nitzl]1 ,ar?ur1 #aff4 ,s*nb]g1 ,arnold1 #bje4 ,s*ools ( danc+1 7,petipa71 #ahe2 7,duncan71 #aig2 7,jacques-,dalcroze71 #aig;f4 ,see ,academies4 ,s*op5hau] 7cit$71 #bej2 7quot$71 #fd4 ,s*leiftnze1 #abi4 ,s*reittnze4 #abi4 ,s*ub]t1 ,franz1 #ajc;f1 #bed4 ,scot* ,reel1 #aah;f4 ,scotl& 7folk-danc+71 #aah;f4 ,scribe1 ,eugne4 #ajc4 ,s*uhplatteltanz 7,bav>ian folk-dance71 #abi;f4 ,s*umann1 ,rob]t1 #bjf4 ,sculpture 79 rel4 to danc+71 #agc1 #aif1 #bce4 ,seguidilla 7,spani% dance71 #ej4 ,s5sationalism1 #aij4 ,s](f1 ,alex&] ,nikolayevit*1 #ajd1 #aga1 #aha4 ,s]p5t9e ,dance1 #ahi1 #aij;f4 ,s]via 7folk-danc+74 ,see ,slavic folk-dances4 ,set*e1 ,egyptologi/ 7cit$71 #ad4 ,seville 7*ur* danc+71 iv1 #gh2 7c\rt danc+71 #dg4 ,sex in/9ct 79 rel4 to folk-danc+71 v1 #aa1 #acd1 #aci4 ,%akespe>e 7cit$ on ! jig71 #aai4 ,%>p1 ,cecil 7quot$ on ,morris dances71 #aac;f4 ,%ean ,treuse 7,scot* folk-dance71 #aah4 ,%9toism 7,japanese religion71 #cf4 ,%irley1 ,james1 #hc4 ,sibelius1 ,jean1 #bje1 #bed1 #bef1 #beg;f4 ,sib]ia 7folk-danc+71 #adj4 ,siciliana 7,italian folk-dance71 #abd4 ,le ,sicili5 7ballet71 #aec4 ,sieba 7ballet71 #aeb4 ,sieb5sprung 7,swabian folk-dance71 #acj4 ,s++ 79 ,f9ni% dances71 #acc4 ,s++ ballet1 #agg;f4 ,s++ ,sir5s1 #eg4 ,skirt ,dance1 #ahi1 #bab4 ,skoliasmos 79 ,dionysian my/]ies71 #fh;f4 ,skralat 7,sw$i% folk-dance71 #acc4 ,slavic folk-dances1 #acf;ff4 ,sleep+ ,beauty 7,ts*aik[sky71 #aeb1 #ahe4 ,snake dances 7,li?uanian71 #ace2 7,am]ican ,indian71 #ch1 #da1 #ace4 ,sneg\rot*ka 7,rimsky-,korsak(f74 ,see ,sn[ ,maid54 ,sn[ ,maid5 7,rimsky-,korsak(f71 #aeb1 #agg1 #ahc;f4 ,social danc+ 7,greek71 #ed;f2 7,poli%71 #acf2 79 #ag? c5t471 #add;ff4 ,see also ,c\rt danc+4 ,socrates1 #ed1 #ef4 ,sokolova 7ball]9a71 #aea1 #ahc4 ,solomon1 ,hebrew k+1 #dc1 #dd4 ,sophocles1 #fb4 ,s\nd 79 relation to movem5t71 #bch ,la ,s\rce 7,delibes71 #aeb4 ,spa9 7religi\s danc+71 iv2 7folk-danc+71 #b1 #aje;ff1 #baj;ff2 7*oreographic art ( ,moors71 #df1 #ej;f2 7m$ival /roll+ ballets71 #hj;f4 ,sp>tan dance1 #ed;f1 #fj4 ,spectre de la ,rose 7ballet71 #bba1 #bbc1 #bbi4 ,sp5di>(f1 #bef4 ,sp9n+ top pr9ciple1 #baf4 ,/age danc+ 79 ,middle ,ages71 #ha1 #adh4 ,see also ,pr(essional danc+4 ,/eps1 #b2 79 ,am]ican ,indian dances71 #db2 79 c\rante71 #hh2 79 classic ,fr5* ballet71 #ie;f2 7,bol]o71 #aji2 7,seguidilla71 #aaj2 7,hung>ian folk-dances71 #abe;f2 7,rigaudon71 #adi2 7,b\rnoville's re=m71 #afc4 ,/ephania 7,roman danc]71 #gg4 ,/ew>t-,ri*>dson1 ,lady ,con/ance1 #bjf4 ,/ockholm 7ballet danc+71 #afa4 ,/ockholm s*ool1 #aea4 ,/oma* ,dance 7,arabian dance71 #c1 #ba1 #bb4 ,/one ,age1 #e4 ,/ramboe1 ,adolph ,f41 #afd4 ,/rassburg1 #abi4 ,/rauss1 ,johann1 #acb4 ,/rauss1 ,ri*>d1 #bjd;f1 #bcb4 ,/rav9sky1 ,igor1 #ahe1 #bbi;ff4 ,/r9db]g1 ,augu/1 #afe4 ,/r+ in/rum5ts 7,indian71 #bg4 ,/roll+ ballets 7m$ival71 #hj;f2 79 ,fr5* ,revolution71 #ic;f4 ,/rophic pr9ciple1 #fc4 ,/uck 7pa9t] ( ,salome dance71 #de4 ,/uttg>t 7c\rt71 #ij1 #aec4 ,subra1 ,mlle4 7ball]9a71 #aei4 ,su-,*u-,fu 7danc+ academy71 #cd4 ,suetonius 7cit$71 #gf4 ,sun's ,d>l+ 7,engli% masque71 #hd4 ,sv5ds51 ,johann1 #acc1 #bje4 ,svetl(f 7cit$71 #bah4 ,swan1 ,! 7,sa9t-,sans71 #ahf4 ,swanhilde 7ballet71 #afg4 ,swan ,lake 7,russian ballet71 #aeb1 #ahd;f4 ,swabia 7folk-danc+71 #acj4 ,sw$5 7influ5ce on ,russian ballet71 #afi4 ,see also ,sc&9avia4 ,sword ,dance 7,engli%71 #ba1 #cc1 #aac1 #aae;ff4 ,la ,sylphide 7,delibes71 #aeb1 #aec1 #aed1 #aef1 #afc4 ,les ,sylphides1 #age1 #bba4 ,sylvia 7,delibes71 #aeb4 ,symbolism 79 ,indian danc+71 #bi1 #bfc;f2 79 ,hung>ian folk-danc+71 #abf2 79 ,lada's dances71 #bed;f2 79 mod]n ballet71 #beh1 #bfe4 ,symons1 ,ar?ur 7quot$71 #bfd;f4 ,symphonic music 7z basis = danc+71 #bjj1 #bjf4 ,syr9x 7,egyptian in/rum5t71 iv4 ,szolo 7,hung>ian folk-dance71 #abf4 ,t ,tabor 79 ,morris dance71 #aae4 ,tacitus 7cit$71 #gf4 ,taglioni1 ,m>ia1 #aa1 #aea1 #aeb;ff1 #aef1 #aeg1 #aic4 ,taglioni1 ,salvatore1 #aea1 #aeb1 #afa4 ,ta-gi5 7,*9ese dance71 #cb4 ,ta-gu 7,*9ese dance71 #cb4 ,ta-kn5 7,*9ese dance71 #cb4 ,talmud1 #dc4 ,ta-mao 7,*9ese dance71 #cb4 ,tamb\r9e 79 ,hebrew dance71 #ai2 79 ,indian dance71 #bg2 7) bells1 ,*9ese71 #cb2 79 ,greek dances71 #ga2 79 ,spani% dance71 #gi;f1 #ajf2 79 ,t>antella71 #abb4 ,taneieff1 ,s]gei ,ivanovi*1 #bbd4 ,t>antella 7,italian folk-dance71 #abb;ff4 ,t>t> tribes1 #adj4 ,tasc>a 7,spani% folk-dance71 #aaa;f4 ,taub5tanz 7,black ,=e/71 #acj4 ,ta-u 7,*9ese dance71 #cb4 ,t*]epn91 #ahe1 #bbf1 #bbi4 ,te*nique 7,duncan71 #aii2 7in/rum5tal71 #bcg2 7eurhy?mic71 #bci4 ,telema*us1 #ec4 ,telemaque 7,fr5* ballet71 #ib4 ,tele%ova 7ball]9a71 #aea1 #aha4 ,tele?usa 7,roman danc]71 #gg4 ,tempe ,re/or$ 7,aurelian ,t[ns5d71 #hd;f4 ,temple danc+ 7,hebraic71 #dc1 #dd2 7,greek71 #ed;f2 7,e/honian71 #abg4 ,see also ,sacr$ danc+4 ,t]psi*ore1 #aj1 #eg4 ,t]psi*ore 7ballet by ,h&el71 #ii4 ,teu-,kung 7,*9ese danc+ tea*]71 #ca4 ,?ack]ay 7quot$ on ,taglioni71 #aed4 ,?ales1 #ei4 ,?atre des ,arts1 #ib4 ,!atre ( ,dionysius1 #fd;f4 ,!bes1 #ai4 ,!seus1 iv1 #ed1 #fi4 ,!y 7,*9ese mon>*71 #cj4 ,tib]ius 7,roman emp]or71 #gf4 ,ti*omir(f1 #bba4 ,"t1 #bdj;f4 ,"t-m>k] 79 ,greek danc+71 #gj;f4 ,"t-values1 #bda4 ,titans1 #ei4 ,titus 7,roman emp]or71 #cd4 ,toe-dance1 #bae4 ,tol$o 7*ur* danc+71 iv1 #gh4 ,toreador5 7ballet71 #afd4 ,torra 7,murcian folk-dance71 #ajf4 ,t\rdion 7social dance71 #aej4 ,t[ns5d1 ,aurelian1 #hd;f4 ,trepak 7,russian folk-dance71 #adj4 ,trescona 7,flor5t9e folk-dance71 #abd4 ,triangle 79 ,engli% ,horn dance71 #aag4 ,tripoli 7,almeiis danc]s 971 #ba4 ,triumph ( ,love1 #hg4 ,triumph ( ,peace 7,james ,%irley71 #hc4 ,tr\hanova1 ,nata%a1 #de1 #bdd1 #bef;f4 ,trumpets 79 #ae?-c5t4 ,italian ballet71 #hb4 ,ts*aik[sky1 ,pet] ,ilyit*1 #ajd1 #aea1 #aeb1 #aga1 #agg1 #ahc1 #ahd1 #ahe4 ,t%amuda 7,indian goddess71 #bf4 ,tuil]ies1 #hg4 ,tunic1 ball]9a's1 #bae4 ,tunis 7,almeiis danc]s 971 #ba4 ,turg5ieff1 #ajd1 #aga2 7quot$ on ,elssl]71 #aee;f4 ,tuta1 #bae4 ,u ,u*tomsky1 ,pr9ce 7cit$71 #bh4 ,u-gi5tze 7,*9ese dance71 #cb4 ,ulysses1 #eb4 ,urb9o1 ,duke (1 #hj4 ,v ,vafva ,vadna 7,sw$i% folk-dance71 #acc;f4 ,valdem> 7,dani% ballet71 #afc1 #afd4 ,val5cia1 iv1 #gh1 #ajg;f4 ,val5cian ,bi%op 7advocate ( danc+71 #gh4 ,val5t9e1 ,gw5dol9e 7ballet danc]71 #bjf4 ,vanka 7,cossak dance71 #adj4 ,van ,/ad5 7,colonel71 #agi4 ,vaudoy]1 ,j4 ,l41 #bbi4 ,vaughan1 ,kate 7ballet danc]71 #aic4 ,veie de ,n\e 79 ,l\ ,gue71 #hj4 ,veils 7us$ 9 ,greek danc+71 #ff1 #gj4 ,v5]a 7,indian goddess71 #bd4 ,la ,v5tana 7ballet71 #aff4 ,v5us ( ,cailipyge1 #gf;f4 ,v]bunkes 7,hung>ian folk-dance71 #abf4 ,la ,ve/ale 7ballet71 #aec4 ,ve/ris bro!rs1 #ia1 #aja1 #adh1 #aea1 #afb4 ,vi5nese c\rt1 #ij4 ,vi5nese ,s*ool1 #aea4 ,villiani1 ,mme4 7ballet danc]71 #bb1 #aic4 ,v+ak]sdans 7,sw$i% folk-dance71 #acd4 ,viol9 79 #ae?-c5t4 ,italian ballet71 #hb2 79 ,spani% folk-dance71 #ajg4 ,vision ( ,salome 7ballet71 #bja4 ,vocal ballets1 #agg;f4 ,vocal music 7dep5d5ce ( danc+ ^u71 #h2 79 ,greek dances71 #eh4 ,vois9s1 ,comte ,gilb]t des1 #aed4 ,volga1 #adj4 ,vol99 7,russian ballet danc]71 #ahe1 #ahg1 #bdh4 ,volkhonsky1 ,pr9ce ,s]ge 7quot$71 #aig;f1 #bab;f1 #bae;ff1 #bcb1 #bdi4 ,voltaire 7cit$71 #ii4 ,volte 7,fr5* folk-dance71 #aca4 ,vuilli] 7quot$ on ,spani% temple danc+71 #gi;f4 ,vulcan1 #ec4 ,vulture ,dance 7,greek71 #fi4 ,w ,wagn]ian op]as1 #fc4 ,waldteufel1 #acb4 ,waltz1 #aca;f4 ,walz]1 #aca4 ,w>-dances 7primitive71 #e;f2 7,pyrrhic71 #fj2 7,roman71 #gc2 7,hung>ian71 #abf4 ,w>saw 7op]a h\se71 #age4 ,web]1 ,c>l ,m>ia von1 #ia1 #ajc1 #bbi4 ,web]1 ,l\ise1 #aib4 ,weiss1 ,mme41 #aei4 ,wellman1 ,*ri/ian1 #ahj4 ,:i/les 79 ,am]ican ,indian dances71 #da2 79 ,morris dance71 #aae4 ,:itehall 7masques p]=m$ at71 #hc4 ,wies5?al1 ,elsa & ,grete1 #bjb;f1 #bab4 ,wilhelm ,,ii1 #acj4 ,wilk9son1 ,sir ,g>dn]1 on ,egypt 7cit$71 #ah;f2 7quot$71 #bj;f4 ,wom5 7e>lie/ appe>ance (1 9 ballet71 #hg4 ,wood-w9d in/rum5ts 7,indian71 #bg4 ,wsevolo%ky1 #ahc4 ,wrtemb]g 7folk-danc+71 #acj4 ,x ,x5ophon 7quot$71 #ee;f4 ,x]es1 iv4 ,y ,york%ire 7,engli% sword dance (71 #aaf4 ,yu-,wang 7,*9ese emp]or71 #cc4 ,z ,z>zuela 7,spani% comic op]a71 #fc;f1 #ajf4 ,zeus1 #ei4 ,zorongo 7,spani% folk-dance71 #aaa4 ,zulus 7w> dances (71 #e4 ,zunfttnze1 #abi4 ,zwlfmonat/anz 7,wrtemb]g71 #acj4 ,transcrib]'s ,notes ,punctuation1 hyph5ation1 & spell+ 7 made consi/5t :5 a pr$om9ant pref]5ce 0 f\nd 9 ! orig9al book2 o!rwise !y 7 n *ang$4 ,simple typographical errors 7 correct$2 unbalanc$ quotation m>ks 7 rem$i$ :5 ! *ange 0 obvi\s1 & o!rwise left unbalanc$4 ,! index 0 n *eck$ = prop] alphabetization or correct page ref]5ces1 ) ?is exception3 all ref]5ces to pages iii-vi %\ld be to pages vii-x4 ,9 v]sions ( ?is e,book t support hyp]l9ks1 ! l9ks h be5 correct$1 b ! display$ page numb]s h n be5 *ang$ 9 any v]sion ( ?is e,book4 ,page #aaj3 8,albacetex0 0 pr9t$ t way2 probably is a mispr9t = 8,albacete04 ,page #aca3 8#c_/d rhy?m0 0 pr9t$ z 8#c-d rhy?m0 b *ang$ "h to con=m ) ! pr$om9ant =m ( notation ?r\gh\t ! orig9al book4 ,page #bge3 8,engli% ,ca!drals0 ref]5ce to page viii 0 pr9t$ z 8iii-f02 *ang$ "h4