g5]\sly made available by ,! ,int]net ,ar*ive_/,am]ican ,libr>ies47 ,transcrib]'s ,note3 ,?is book has two ,figure #acs1 b no ,figure #bi4 ,po/ ,ex*ange ,me?ods by ,,capta9 ,,paul ,d4 ,,bunk] ,,unit$ ,,/ates ,,army ,a manual = ,ex*ange ,/ew>ds1 ,ex*ange ,(fic]s1 ,memb]s ( ,ex*ange ,c\ncils ,comm&+ ,(fic]s1 be+ an exposition ( a simple & effici5t sy/em ( acc\nt+ :i* is applicable to l>ge & to small ,ex*anges alike4 ,g5]al ,ag5ts ,,! ,,eagle ,,press ,s]vice ,pr9t]s ,portl&1 ,me4 ,copyright #aiae ,! ,eagle ,press--,portl&1 ,me4 ,all rights ,res]v$ ,,preface4 ,our ,po/ ,ex*anges are usually 9 *>ge ( (fic]s ) little or no exp]i5ce 9 book-keep+1 _! assi/ants are usually enli/$ m5 & n pr(essional cl]ks & acc\ntants1 & !re is1 at pres5t1 no codifi$ or /&>d sy/em prescrib$ = h&l+ ?is bus9ess4 ,"s p>ts ( ! ,po/ ,ex*ange ,regulations h become antiquat$ ?r\gh ! developm5ts ( mod]n bus9ess me?ods su* z ! 8,v\*] ,*eck ,sy/em04 ,9 view ( ^! facts x is felt t !re is a real ne$ ( ?is book1 & x is hop$ t ! me?ods h]e9 set =? w prove to be a /ep t[>d a uni=m sy/em t w be adopt$ 9 all ,ex*anges1 "o t w r$uce ov]head *>ges1 elim9ate unnecess>y labor & improve unsatisfactory pr(its4 ,! writ] int5d$ discuss+ sev]al o!r important po9ts1 su* z ,j\rnal ,entries1 ,mail ,ord] ,bus9ess1 ,consignm5t1 ,add+ ,ma*9es1 ,loose-leaf & ,c>d ,index ,fil+1 etc41 b circum/ances ov] :i* he _h no control prev5t1 at pres5t1 any addition to ^! pages4 ,x is desir$ to give cr$it to ,capta9 ,h5ry ,m4 ,di*mann #bd? ,infantry1 :o by 8 "w 9 connection ) ! ,po/ ,ex*ange at ,=t ,slocum1 ,n4 ,y41 0 ! inspiration = ?is "w1 & to ,mr4 ,james ,p>k]1 ,ca%i] ( ! same ,ex*ange1 = valuable assi/ance r5d]$4 ,,paul ,d4 ,,bunk]1 ,capta91 ,coa/ ,artill]y ,corps4 ,=t ,hancock1 ,n4 ,j41 ,june #g1 #aiae4 99 99 99 99 99 8,,rang]0 ,,bicycles ,illu/ration ,foll[ ! ,flag4 ,y\r *oice ( #id ,/yles1 ,colors & sizes4 ,m 8,,rang]s0 sold ea* ye> ?an any o!r make4 ,,tires1 ,,sundries ,,& ,,repair ,,p>ts ,= all makes ( bicycles4 ,,l>ge/ ,,/ock ,,9 ,,! ,,_w ,catalogs & ,special ,prices ,= ,po/ ,ex*anges free = ! ask+4 ,,mead ,,cycle ,,co41 ,,*icago1 ,u4,s4,a4 ,address ,milit>y ,dep>tm5t 99 99 99 99 99 ,illu/ration3 ,,taylor ,,a?letic ,,supplies are correct 9 detail4 ,!y are way ahead ( ! ord9>y4 ,,a?letic ,,(fic]s c re/ assur$ ( quality1 prompt s]vice & unfail+ p]sonal consid]ation f ,alex4 ,taylor ,,alex4 ,,taylor ,,co4 ,,a?letic ,,outfitt]s #bf ,e4 #db;d4 ,,/41 ,,new ,,york ,s5d = ,catalog & quotations 99 99 99 99 99 ,h4 ,,kohn/amm ,,co4 7,e/abli%$ #ahea7 ,,mfrs4 ,,& ,,deal]s ,,9 ,,/&>d ,,laund]s' ,,mat]ials ,,*icago3 #hc-ia ,,p>k ,,place #bf-bh ,n4 ,,frankl9 ,,/4 ,,new ,,york ,w>eh\se /ocks = prompt deliv]ies at #be c5trally locat$ cities4 ,s5d = late/ catalog4 ,,factories3 ,brooklyn1 ,n4 ,y4 & ,camd51 ,n4 ,j4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,pr9t+ ,,ex*ange ,,& ,,organization ,,specialties ,,any?+ ,,f ,a ,,c>d ,,to ,a ,,book4 ,,! ,,eagle ,,press ,,portl&1 ,,ma9e ,e4 ,w4 ,kilb\rne1 ,proprietor 7,=m]ly ,s]gt4 ,u4 ,s4 ,a47 99 99 99 99 99 ,,c\pon ,,books ,,to ,,be ,,effective1 ,,mu/ ,,be ,absolutely ,accurate ,illu/ration ,! ,,s\!rn ,,c\pon ,,co4 ,are exclusive manufactur]s ( e k9d ( ,,c\pon ,,books1 & ow+ to _! p]fect *eck+ sy/em1 are 9 position to gu>antee absolute accuracy1 p]fect workman%ip & highe/ quality4 ,ea* ,c\pon is ,numb]$ ,to correspond ) numb] on cov]1 h5ce ev5 deta*$ c\pons c readily be id5tifi$ to _! respective book--a great advantage4 ,,write ,,to-,,day ,,= ,,samples ,,& ,,prices ,,to ,,! ,,s\!rn ,,c\pon ,,company ,box #cdf ,,birm+ham1 ,,ala4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,l[e/ ,,possible ,,prices ,,to ,,po/ ,,ex*anges ,,& ,,%ip ,,/ores ,! ,army & ,navy ,co-,op]ative ,company is spl5didly equipp$ to s]ve ,po/ ,ex*anges & ,%ip /ores ,,well4 ,by ,,well1 we mean3 ,(f]+ reliable1 fre%1 new m]*&ise at ! l[e/ possible :olesale prices4 ,(f]+ l>ge assortm5ts ( m]*&ise to select f4 ,(f]+ effici5t s]vice & quick deliv]ies4 ,buy+ f ! ,army & ,navy ,co-,op]ative ,company means m sales & l>g] pr(its4 ,write = our ,prices on ,su* ,articles z y may ne$4 ,,army ,,& ,,navy ,,co-,,op]ative ,,company ,,new ,,york ,,/ore ,,& ,,g5]al ,,(fices #af ,ea/ #dbnd ,/reet1 ne> #e? ,ave41 ,new ,york ,/ore #aabc-e ,s4 ,broad ,/reet ,philadelphia1 ,pa4 ,/ore #gba-g #ag? ,/reet ,n4 ,w4 ,wa%+ton1 ,d4 ,c4 ,,table ,,( ,,cont5ts4 ,,page ,po/ ,ex*ange ,me?ods #a ,desid]ata4 ,*>ge ,sales #b ,g5]al--,me?od ( ,mak+--,daily ,*eck ,summ>y--,record+--,consolidat+ ,cr$it ,transactions--,settl+ ,dead & ,live ,records4 ,ca% ,sales #bi ,g5]al--,ca% ,book4 ,c\pon ,sales #cc ,g5]al--,k9ds ( ,c\pons--,frauds--,regulations--,issu+-- ,pay ,table ,proc$ure--,c\pon ,sales4 ,/ock ,records #ej ,g5]al--,inv5tories--,m]*&ise ,pur*as$--,transf]s ,betwe5 ,dep>tm5ts--,consolidat+ ,transactions--,*eck+ ,/ock & ,sales4 ,pur*ase ,records #fj ,g5]al--,pur*ase ,ord]s--,pur*ase ,record--,paym5ts--,v\*] ,*eck ,sy/em--,ca% ,disbursem5ts4 ,! ,l$g] #gb ,g5]al--,make-up--,l$g] ,acc\nts--,po/+ ! ,l$g]--,balanc+4 ,mon?ly ,/atem5ts #ha ,g5]al--,g5]al ,balance ,%eet--,surplus & ,adju/m5ts--,/atem5t ( ,income & ,pr(it & ,loss4 ,pay ,rolls #hg ,figur+ ,sell+ ,prices #hi ,laundries #ib ,g5]al--,bills ,receivable--,piece ,"w--,damage ,report--,claims--,inv5tories--,pay ,rolls--,miscellane\s ,books4 ,audit+ #ii ,g5]al ,duties ,auditor's ,/atem5t4 ,ca% ,regi/]s #ajc ,conclusion #ajf 99 99 99 99 99 ,,economical ,use roll pr9t$ /ation]y & c>bon1 elim9at+ assembl+ ( loose pr9t$ blanks & c>bons--all automatic--no wa/$ ef=t4 ,illu/ration ,,effici5t ,:atev] is writt5 ^u ! orig9al appe>s fac-simile on ! duplicate & triplicate alike4 ,a load+ consi/s ( ab\t #ejj %eets4 ,illu/ration3 ,,%\p]ior ,,manifold] ,,record] ,9 use 9 ,u4 ,s4 ,army ,po/s1 ,naval ,/ations & %ips = t5 ye>s4 ,,positive ,,alignm5t ,,& ,,regi/ration ,! ,,%\palign] our newe/ device has special features ( automatic alignm5t & regi/ration ( ! =m ) automatic measur$ ?r[ & /op4 ,absolutely ess5tial :]e duplicates & triplicates are pr9t$1 requir+ exact regi/ration & alignm5t ) ! orig9al4 ,our ,s]vice ,dep>tm5t s]ves y ) ! mo/ economical & effici5t sy/ems = ! results desir$4 ,,autographic ,,regi/] ,,co41 ,,hobok51 ,n4 ,j4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,all ,,blank ,,=ms ,,%[n ,,9 ,,po/ ,,ex*ange ,,me?ods ,,c ,,be ,,obta9$ ,,at ,,l[e/ ,,prices1 ,,& ,,9 ,,any ,,quantity ,,f ,,! ,,eagle ,,press1 ,,portl&1 ,,me4 ,,pione] ,,pr9t]s ,,to ,,! ,,army 99 99 99 99 99 ,,engrav+ ,,/eel ,,die ,,emboss+ ,,plate ,,pr9t+ ,,po/ ,,& ,,organization ,,/ation]y ,,! ,,eagle ,,press ,portl&1 ,me4 ,,po/ ,,ex*ange ,,me?ods4 ,! g5]al me?ods ( conduct+ a ,po/ ,ex*ange are laid d[n 9 (ficial ord]s & consid]+ ! categorical nature ( ^! ord]s x w\ld seem t ! sy/ems 9 all ,ex*anges %\ld be almo/ id5tical4 ,su*1 h[ev]1 is f> f ! tru?1 z !re are almo/ z _m sy/ems z !re are ,ex*anges1 & a p]son 9 *>ge ( "o ,ex*ange might h to le>n consid]able new matt] be=e he w\ld be able to adm9i/] ! affairs ( ano!r ,ex*ange4 ,?is v>iety ( sy/ems also causes tr\ble to audit+ (fic]s1 ex*ange c\ncils & to inspectors :5 !y h occasion to g ov] ! books4 ,"s ( ! sy/ems are uns\nd 9 m9or p>ticul>s1 & mo/ ( !m are poorly design$4 ,all tr\ble ( ?is nature c\ld be avoid$ by devis+ a /&>d sy/em & in/all+ x 9 all ,ex*anges4 ,! advantages ( su* a proce$+ w\ld be manifold & !re w\ld be no important disadvantages4 ,9 ?is essay an attempt has be5 made to evolve su* a sy/em1 "o applicable to any ,ex*ange1 repres5t+ ! be/ po9ts ( _m ,ex*anges & includ+ at all possible po9ts ! labor sav+ results ( mod]n me?ods4 ,! sy/em "h describ$ is n ! embodim5t ( !ory alone1 b has be5 ?r\gh ! te/ ( actual trial & has giv5 ?or\gh satisfaction4 ,9 devis+ any su* s*eme we mu/ presuppose c]ta9 desid]ata3-- #a4 ,! ,ex*ange ,(fic] c sp5d b a small portion ( 8 "t 9 ! ,ex*ange1 & yet he mu/ h accurate k ( :at ! bus9ess is do+4 ,x is !re=e ess5tial t our records %all %[ accurately & concisely all ! data t are necess>y to a full und]/&+ ( ! condition & op]ations ( ! bus9ess4 #b4 ,x is n en\gh to h a sy/em :i* w enable u to r5d] a cle> /atem5t at ! end ( ! mon?1 we %\ld be able to close our books at any "t & get out our f9ancial /atem5t 9 ! m9imum "t4 #c4 ,our sy/em %\ld be su* z to m9imize ! possibilities ( peculation4 ,x is (t5 said t !re is no sy/em :i* _c be beat51 b !re are sy/ems :i* _c be defeat$ = any great l5g? ( "t4 ,!re=e1 our sy/em mu/ r$uce to a m9imum ! "t dur+ :i* graft or !ft c "w undi/urb$4 #d4 ,! sy/em mu/ be s simple t x w n require exceptional ability at any po9t 9 ord] t its provisions may prop]ly be c>ri$ out4 ,?is makes x easy to break 9 new cl]ks1 & enables !m to p]=m _! duties 9 a m satisfactory mann]4 #e4 ,! sy/em mu/ n be s cumb]some t x w delay ! mak+ ( sales4 ,?is is highly important4 ,e read] ( ?is w und\bt$ly h vivid recollections ( 8 exp]i5ces 9 dep>tm5t /ores1 8wait+ = *ange40 ,x is bett] to lose a doll> ?an to disgu/ our cu/om]s & drive !m else:]e4 ,! above requirem5ts _c b cause our sy/em to be some:at m exp5sive ?an t us$ 9 a 8"o-man /ore04 ,9 ! latt] in/ance1 z a proprietor w n *eat himself1 ! ?ird requirem5t has1 9 g5]al1 no effect4 ,! o!r requirem5ts1 h[ev]1 w /ill hold1 & ev5 ga9 9 importance4 ,h[ _m m]*ants h we se5 :o ?\ght !y knew all ab\t _! bus9ess1 b :o 9 reality knew v little4 ,!y did n ev5 realize t slip%od me?ods curtail cr$it & beget losses ( v>i\s sorts4 ,9 describ+ ?is sy/em we %all take up ! v>i\s features 9 ! ord] 9 :i* !y w be f\nd easie/ to in/all4 ,= in/ance1 *>ge sales are discuss$ fir/ because1 reg>dless ( ! sy/em ( h&l+ ^! sales t may be 9 use by any ,ex*ange1 x w be f\nd t to *ange to ! sy/em "h describ$1 be=e *ang+ any o!r "p ( ! sy/em1 w cause no confusion 9 ! o!r books4 ,9 o!r words1 if y\r sy/em be *ang$ accord+ to ! ord] 9 :i* ! diff]5t p>ts are discuss$ h]e91 y w f9d t y h gradually in/all$ a sy/em :i* may be entirely diff]5t1 yet y h caus$ no confusion 9 y\r books by ! transition4 ,,*>ge ,,sales4 ,g5]al4 ,?is item includes ! sale ( m]*&ise to 7#a7 (fic]s1 7#b7 civilians1 7#c7 enli/$ m5 au?oriz$ to buy on cr$it4 ,su* sales are practically ca%1 be+ paid1 usually1 )9 a v %ort "t4 ,! practice ( ext5d+ cr$it to civilians is n enc\rag$ by ! au?orities & ! ,ex*ange ,(fic] %\ld secure p]mission be=eh& 9 case x is desir$ to transact ?is k9d ( bus9ess4 ,9 "s cases ( isolat$ po/s x is to ! be/ int]e/ ( ! gov]nm5t t civilians employ$ or liv+ on ! po/ be all[$ cr$it at ! ,ex*ange1 z x might o!rwise be impossible = ! ,gov]nm5t to reta9 _! s]vices or = ! civilians to subsi/ !mselves4 ,x is to take c>e ( su* cases t ?is feature is m5tion$4 ,9 op5+ a *>ge acc\nt ) a civilian1 c>e mu/ be ex]cis$ to prev5t a probability ( loss to ! ,ex*ange1 z "o bad acc\nt might wipe out ! pr(its f all su* acc\nts = a consid]able "t4 ,if a civilian is des]v+ ( ! privilege ( pur*as+ at ! ,ex*ange he %\ld h no objection to conf]r+ ) ! ,po/ ,ex*ange ,(fic] & mak+ satisfactory arrangem5ts ) 8 employ]4 ,) enli/$ m51 ! case is m difficult4 ,9 g5]al1 ! soldi] makes 8 cr$it pur*ases by means ( c\pons4 ,b if ! ,ex*ange h&les "s su* proposition z an ice deliv]y r\te1 x is impossible to d bus9ess ) ! patrons !re( by means ( c\pons ( ! ord9>y k9d4 ,! "r me?od is to apply to ! prop] au?orities = p]mission to ext5d to m>ri$ soldi]s cr$it to su* am\nts z may be recomm5d$ by _! organization comm&]s4 ,if ?is is n done1 & cr$it o!r ?an 9 ! %ape ( c\pons is all[$ enli/$ m5 or if c\pons or cr$it 9 excess ( "o-?ird ( ! man's pay be all[$ him1 ! inspector w object to x1 z ei!r ( ^! two proce$+s is held to be unau?oriz$4 ,h[ev]1 :5 !re are no o!r /ores 9 ! vic9ity1 x seems b reasonable to ?9k t ! ,po/ ,ex*ange1 in/itut$ purely = ! b5efit ( ! enli/$ man1 %\ld be all[$ to ext5d cr$it to su* m>ri$ soldi]s ( good reputation z may be dep5d5t ^u x 7& ! ,commiss>y7 = ! necessities ( life4 ,z ! m>ri$ soldi] is usually a non-commission$ (fic] ( long & honorable s]vice 7sometimes a fir/ s]geant or non-commission$ /aff (fic]7 ) "o or m *ildr52 z ! bulk ( 8 pay is usually sp5t = articles ord9>ily c>ri$ 9 /ock by ! ,ex*ange2 z ! ,ex*ange is ! result ( b5efic5t legislation & ! regulations conc]n+ same %\ld !re=e be int]pret$ 9 a lib]al mann]1 x foll[s t !re is a great deal ( ju/ice beh9d a prop] application = p]mission to make *>ge sales to su* select$ m54 ,9 case su* p]mission is obta9$1 reque/ %\ld be made on ! v>i\s organization comm&]s to write a lett] ( ! foll[+ purport3-- ,,=t ,,jay1 ,n4 ,y41 ,m>4 #a1 #aiad4 ,f ,c4 ,o41 ,co4 ,h1 #eg? ,inf4 ,to ,po/ ,ex*ange ,(fic]4 ,subject1 ,cr$it to ,enli/$ ,m54 #a4 ,reque/ t ! foll[+ nam$ memb]s ( ?is organization be giv5 cr$it at ! ,po/ ,ex*ange n to exce$ ! am\nt set opposite _! respective names3 #a/ ,s]gt4 ,james ,e4 ,sullivan #bj4jj ,s]gt4 ,ralph ,r4 ,/r\se #af4jj 444 7,sgd47 ,t4 ,r4 ,,jones1 ,capt4 #eg? ,inf4 ,me?od ( ,mak+ ,*>ge ,sales4 ,at ! "t ea* *>ge sale is made1 ! cl]k notes ! transaction on a 8,*>ge ,sales ,slip10 provid$ = ! purpose1 not+ ! date1 "n ( cu/om]1 "n & numb] ( articles sold1 ! total price ( ea* item1 ! total am\nt cov]$ by ! slip & ! initials ( ! salesm54 ,see ,fig4 #a4 ,illu/ration3 ,figure #a1 7,r$uc$ 9 size7 ,x has become almo/ a rule t ! pur*as] %all receive a copy ( ?is record ( sale4 ,sometimes1 he does n receive x until aft] he has paid 8 bill at ! end ( ! mon?1 a proc$ure foll[$ 9 _m clubs & simil> organizations4 ,x is probably bett] 9 ,po/ ,ex*ange "w to furni% ! pur*as] ) a copy ( ! *>ge sales slip at ! "t ! pur*ase is made1 z mo/ ( our cu/om]s wi% to keep track ( _! acc\nts & also1 z w be %[n lat]1 ?is me?od may be made to promote hone/y 9 salesm5 :o might be tempt$ to be o!rwise4 ,z x is1 ( c\rse1 ess5tial t we reta9 at lea/ "o copy ( ?is sales slip1 x foll[s t ! use ( "s sort ( manifold+ device is necess>y4 ,!re are _m su* devices on ! m>ket1 among :i* may be m5tion$ z repres5tative1 ! manifold+ sales book & ! autographic regi/]4 ,! =m] is %[n 9 ,fig4 #b & ! latt] 9 ,fig4 #c1 f :i* _! me?ods ( op]ation are app>5t4 ,illu/ration3 ,figure #b4 ,x is pat5t t "s su* s*eme %\ld be adopt$ = use 9 e ,ex*ange1 no matt] h[ small t ,ex*ange may be4 ,! advantages ( any ( ^! sy/ems 7ev5 a simple duplicat+ pad7 ov] ! pa9ful & ineffici5t me?od ( record+ all su* sales 9 an old fa%ion$ sales record book mu/ be evid5t to e "o4 ,! p>ticul> sy/em adopt$ is ( m9or importance s long z x is ?or\ghly adapt$ to ! circum/ances ( ! case involv$4 ,! foll[+ table is arrang$ = ! purpose ( p]mitt+ a comp>ison ( two sy/ems2 "o involv+ ! use ( manifold+ sales books & ! o!r us+ an autographic regi/]4 ,illu/ration3 ,figure #c4 ,,sales ,,books vs ,,ca% ,,regi/] #a4 ,c be c>ri$ by ! salesman1 ?us sav+ /eps = him4 #a4 ,if a ca% regi/] is us$ ! salesman mu/ g to x to record e sale1 & !re=e if ! ,manifold] is locat$ at ! ca% regi/] no unnecess>y /eps are tak54 #b4 ,co/ ( #ajj duplicat+ books ( simple design ) total capacity ( #ejjj sales is #f4ej4 ,triplicat+ books m exp5sive4 ,no fir/ co/ = ma*9]y4 #b4 ,rolls ( pap] are us$2 co/ ( rolls = duplicate records ( #ejjj sales is f #d4ej up1 dep5d+ ^u ! am\nt ( special pr9t+ on ! rolls4 ,ea* ma*9e l ,fig4 #c co/s1 retail1 ab\t #ae4jj4 #c4 ,practically no c\nt] space is necess>y = us+ a sales book4 #c4 ,a conv5i5t place mu/ be left on ! c\nt] = use 9 record+ sales4 #d4 ,uni=mity 9 size ( slips results 9 facility 9 h&l+ & fil+4 #d4 ,by ex]cise ( reasonable c>e ! size ( ! slips approa*es uni=mity closely en\gh4 #e4 ,! v>i\s copies ( a slip made f a sales book are m apt to be 89 regi/]0--t is1 ! v>i\s l9es & spaces ( a l[] %eet are m apt to be exactly "u ! correspond+ ones ( ! upp] or orig9al %eet4 #e4 ,sometimes tr\ble & ! exp5diture ( a sales slip results f ! v>i\s rolls gett+ 8out ( /ep04 ,?is accid5t1 h[ev]1 is easy to rem$y4 #f4 ,! slips c be tamp]$ )1 by di%one/ salesm51 unless a 8slip-pr9t+0 ca% regi/]1 or "s special device is us$4 #f4 ,by us+ a ma*9e 9 :i* ! triplicate roll is w\nd up inside ! ma*9e z x is us$1 no tamp]+ ) ! sales records is practicable4 7,if triplicate records are desir$7 #g4 ,we may use ei!r two %eets ( c>bon pap]#a or only "o d\ble-fac$ c>bon %eet bel[ a tissue duplicate & ov] an opaque triplicate4 #g4 ,we ord9>ily use at lea/ two %eets ( c>bon pap]1 & all copies are opaque4 ,! ma*9e is adju/able1 & w ei!r duplicate or triplicate accord+ to ! numb] ( rolls us$4 ,x c also be us$ ) a transp>5t roll4 #h4 ,if two c>bon %eets are us$1 bo? mu/ ord9>ily be %ift$ = record+ ea* successive sale4 #h4 ,! c>bon %eets once fix$ 9 ! ma*9e require no fur!r att5tion except :5 !y are worn out or ! rolls r5ew$4 #h;a4 ,by us+ a transp>5t duplicate & a d\ble fac$ %eet ( c>bon pap]1 ! latt] is ! only %eet t requires h&l+4 #h;a4 ,b ! slips d n protect u s well because ! sales are n record$ on ! back ( ea* slip 7by rev]s$ impressions7 z well z on ! front4 #h;b4 ,9 ?is case1 by leav+ ! transp>5t slips 9 ! book we c easily *eck ! consecutive numb]s ( ! slips & see t all are acc\nt$ =4 #h;b4 ,by n te>+ (f ! l[]mo/ sales slip1 b leav+ x atta*$ to ! roll until ! end ( ! day1 we obta9 a s+le /rip ( sales slips record+ all ! *>ge sales ( ! day4 ,!y ne$ n be *eck$ = consecutive numb]+ unless !re is a break 9 ! /rip4 #h;c4 ,by previ\sly clipp+ (f ! corn] ( ^! tissue %eets ! book becomes self-index+ & 9 op5+ ! book we turn automatically to ! place = record+ ! next sale4 #h;c4 ,9 te>+ (f ! record ( ea* sale we automatically prep>e ! ma*9e to record ! next sale4 #a ,c>bon pap] is ei!r s+le or d\ble fac$4 ,by us+ ! latt] betwe5 two sales slips x is evid5t t we record our sale on ! fir/ & second slips & also secure a rev]s$ copy on ! back ( ! orig9al4 ,x is said t salesm5 :o alt] su* slips = _! own ga9 are prone to =get or ov]look ?is po9t & are caught !reby4 ,no alt]ation on a sales slip %\ld be tol]at$2 if ! cl]k makes a mi/ake he %\ld be requir$ to cancel & pres]ve all copies ( ! errone\s slip & to make out a new "o correctly4 ,x is se5 t ! advantages & disadvantages ( ^! two sy/ems ne>ly c\nt]balance & t ! p>ticul> sy/em adopt$ mu/ dep5d greatly ^u ! op9ions ( ^? 9 *>ge ( ! ,ex*ange4 ,9 ! foll[+ description1 ! use ( triplicat+ records w be assum$4 ,9 ord] to facilitate ! assort+ ( ! slips h&$ 9 by ! v>i\s 8,dep>tm5ts0 ( ! ,ex*ange1 x is a good idea to assign di/9ctive colors to ! orig9al *>ge sales slips ( ea*4 7,( c\rse1 if !re is a v l>ge numb] ( dep>tm5ts1 ?is idea w\ld h to be appli$ ) discretion1 z x is h>d to recognize c]ta9 colors at night by artificial light47 ,= example1 let ! orig9al sales slips us$ 9 ! /ore be :ite2 ^? 9 ! m>ket1 buff2 ^? 9 ! %oe %op1 p9k1 etc4 ,! duplicate slips %\ld h _! own di/9ctive color & ?is color %\ld be ! same = all dep>tm5ts4 ,if a triplicate slip is us$1 x %\ld be ( /ill ano!r color & ! same = all dep>tm5ts4 ,foll[+ out ?is s*eme1 ! utility ( :i* w appe> pres5tly1 a color s*eme might be z foll[s3-- ,,dep>tm5t ,,colors ,,assign$ ,,to ,,*>ge ,,sales ,,slips ,orig9al ,duplicate ,triplicate ,/ore ,:ite 8,newspap]0 ,yell[ ,m>ket ,buff 0 0 ,lun* ,salmon 0 0 ,tailor ,gre5 0 0 ,b>b] ,blue 0 0 ,%oe %op ,p9k 0 0 ,if a sy/em ( di/9ctive colors simil> to ! above is n adopt$1 "o ( two ?+s w be necess>y 9 ord] t we may id5tify ! slips ( ea* dep>tm5t1 unless we wi% to d s by wa/+ ! "t 9 deciph]+ ! articles on ea* slip & decide !refrom ! "n ( ! responsible dep>tm5t2 we mu/ ei!r h ! names ( ! dep>tm5ts pr9t$ on _! respective slips :5 !y are made1 or ^! names mu/ be m>k$ on ! slips :5 ! sales are made4 ,nei!r ( ^! me?ods is z effici5t z t involv+ ! use ( v>i\s colors1 :i* tells automatically to :at dep>tm5t t slip belongs4 ,by us+ di/9ctive colors1 ! pr9t] w\ld set up only "o =m = pr9t+ our :ole assortm5t1 & our pr9t+ bill w\ld be correspond+ly r$uc$4 ,9 ?is connection1 x might be /at$ = ! b5efit ( ! un9itiat$ t ord9>ily ! pr9cipal items 9 our bills = pr9t+1 especially 9 ! case ( blank =ms1 w be f\nd to consi/ ( ! co/ ( 8composition01 8make-up01 8lock-up01 & 8make-ready04 ,^! op]ations are necess>y if b "o =m is pr9t$2 !y ne$ co/ u no m if #ej1jjj copies are pr9t$4 ,pap] is comp>atively *eap1 s x usually co/s u little m to pr9t #e1jjj copies ?an to pr9t #a1jjj4 ,s we c see t 9 ! case ( blank =ms ! co/ p] unit v>ies inv]sely z ! quantity ord]$ at "o "t4 ,h5ce1 if we ne$ su* =ms z sales slips1 ( :i* we may use hundr$s p] day1 we %\ld ord]1 say1 a ye>'s supply at a "t4 ,o!r =ms or %eets t are us$ once a week or once a mon? mu/ be ord]$ 9 lots suffici5t to la/ = a long] "t4 ,z we take ^! up on our ,/ock ,record1 su* pur*ases 9 l>ge quantities w n di/urb ! wor? ( ! ,ex*ange4 ,an appreciable am\nt 9 ! co/ ( our pr9t+ c be sav$ by a skillful arrangem5t ( ! matt] on ! =m4 ,an exp]i5c$ man c sometimes draft a =m s t ! *>ges = pr9t+ x w be half :at x w\ld co/ to pr9t ! same =m arrang$ by a ?\ghtless or inexp]i5c$ p]son4 ,tabul> "w co/s money1 & s also does 8special rul+s04 ,exp]i5ce or consultation ) a practical pr9t] is ! only real guide 9 ?is matt]4 ,if any =m is us$ 9 l>ge numb]s1 x w pay to h electrotypes made1 & 8repeat ord]s0 pr9t$ !refrom4 ,=ms t are seldom us$ %\ld n be electrotyp$1 z !y w probably require "s alt]ation by ! "t a new supply is ne$$4 ,an electrotype co/s ab\t #j4be = ! fir/ squ>e in* & ab\t #j4jd = ea* additional squ>e in*4 ,"h is ano!r opportunity = ! ex]cise ( judgm5t4 ,suppose we h a l>ge =m ) pr9t$ head+ & foot+1 b no?+ 9 ! middle ( ! %eet2 x w\ld be wa/eful to electrotype ! :ole =m1 only ! head+ & ! foot+ %\ld be s treat$4 ,n[1 let u consid] ! money wa/$ by hav+ ! "n ( our po/ pr9t$ on ea* bit ( /ation]y6 ,x is easy to see t ?is is 9 "s cases a positive disadvantage4 ,suppose1 = example1 t ,=m #h1 ,fig4 #a1 fills ! requirem5ts ( ,ex*ange me?ods4 ,if a doz5 ,ex*anges ord] a supply ( ^! =ms & 7z !y usually d7 ?\ghtlessly require t ! names ( _! respective po/s be pr9t$ on same1 !y ea* pay a great deal m ?an !y w\ld if !y all[$ ! pr9t] to make an electrotype ( ?is =m & run (f all ! jobs f ! same plate4 ,x is h>d1 if n impossible1 to f9d any real reason :y ?is extra matt] %\ld be plac$ on _m ( our =ms4 ,cop]ation 9 matt]s ( ?is k9d w\ld g f> t[>d cutt+ d[n "s ( our 8ov]head *>ges0 9 ,po/ ,ex*ange "w1 & to secure su* cop]ation is "o ( ! objects ( ?is pap]4 ,/ill ano!r way to m9imize our pr9t+ bill is to adopt /&>d sizes = our =ms & to use1 :]ev] possible1 ! same k9d & color ( pap]4 ,pap] comes 9 %eets ( c]ta9 sizes & if ! pr9t] has to wa/e a "p ( ea* %eet 9 pr9t+ our =ms1 we %all h to pay = x4 ,uni=mity 9 size also leads to facility ( fil+4 ,incid5tally1 money may be sav$1 9 "s cases by hav+ two or m =ms pr9t$ toge!r4 ,= example1 suppose we h ?ree =ms1 ,a1 ,b & ,c1 to be pr9t$ on ! same /ock1 & we wi% #e1jjj ,a2 #aj1jjj ,b2 & #ae1jjj ,c4 ,if ord]$ sep>ately1 ^! w\ld entail #cj1jjj impressions4 ,suppose1 h[ev]1 t !y are ord]$ at ! same "t1 & t ! =ms are ( su* sizes 7n necess>ily equal7 t !y may be pr9t$ toge!r on "o %eet & cut ap>t aft]w>ds4 ,9 su* a case1 a sav+ might be made z foll[s3--,set up ea* =m once1 make1 "o electrotype ( ,=m ,b & two ( ,=m ,c2 place ^! ) ! orig9als & !re w result1 9 "o 8=m0 ?ree ,=ms ,c1 two ,=ms ,b1 & "o ,=m ,a1 & a 8run0 ( #e1jjj impressions w pr9t ! lot ord]$4 ,!re is a sav+ ( ! co/ ( runn+ #e1jjj ,=m ,b & #aj1jjj ,=m ,c less ! co/ ( electrotypes 7if !y are n on h&7 & ( ! extra "w ( lock+ up & mak+ ready same4 ,( c\rse1 su* a proc$ure assumes t a consid]able supply ( =ms1 say1 n less ?an a total ( #e1jjj1 is ord]$ at "o "t4 ,= a few] numb]1 !re w\ld be no sav+ unless electrotypes 7 already on h&4 ,to return1 n[1 to our sales slips4 ,x w be not$ t our triplicate copies are ! same = all dep>tm5ts4 ,!y are kept 9 rolls1 if manifold+ ma*9es are us$1 or if triplicat+ sales books are us$1 ! tissue pap] %eets t are left 9 ! books =m our reta9$ record4 ,9 ! cases ( bo? ! triplicate & ! duplicate copies1 a *eap grade ( pap] is all[able on acc\nt ( ! little h&l+ ^! copies h to )/&4 ,also1 !re is no reason = _! be+ susceptible ( rapid assort+ accord+ to dep>tm5ts4 ,! duplicates are also id5tical = all dep>tm5ts1 !y g to ! cu/om] at ! "t ( sale4 ,9 case !re is a discussion ab\t any p>ticul> slip1 ! items !reon w %[ conclusively to :at dep>tm5t x belongs1 z w also ! initials ( ! salesman4 ,on ! o!r h&1 x is a positive advantage to h all duplicates ( a di/9ctive color1 diff]5t f t ( ! orig9als4 ,suppose a cu/om] buys a pair ( %oes f ! /ore & lat] returns !m4 ,we %\ld !n give him a slip cr$it+ him ) ! %oes at ! sell+ price4 ,to d ?is1 all t is necess>y is to fill out a regul> *>ge sales slip 9 ! usual mann] except t ! ^w ,,cr$it is pla9ly m>k$ on ! slip4 ,! cl]k !n gives ! cu/om] ! orig9al ( ?is cr$it v\*] & files ! newspap] duplicate 9 ! usual way4 ,^u sort+ ! slips t night1 ! duplicate w\ld be notic$1 on acc\nt ( its diff]5ce f ! o!r slips h&$ 9 & w\ld ?us prev5t mi/akes4 ,likewise1 if x became necess>y =1 say1 ! lun* room to buy a ham f ! m>ket1 ! m>ket att5dant c\ld make out 8 *>ge sales slip z usual1 giv+ ! duplicate to ! lun* room att5dant ) ! ham4 ,t night1 ! appe>ance ( ?is grayi% duplicate among ! salmon orig9als h&$ 9 by ! lun* room att5dant w\ld imm$iately call att5tion to ! transaction4 ,x might be /at$ "h1 at ! risk ( laps+ into ! axiomatic1 t su* a transaction1 al?\gh favor$ by "s ex*anges1 is n good bus9ess4 ,x %\ld be ( r>e occurr5ce & ev5 !n ne$s special treatm5t4 ,! prop] proc$ure 9 su* cases w\ld be to h ! ,m>ket turn ! ham back to ! ,/ock ,room1 receive cr$it = x & !n let ! ,lun* ,room draw ! ham at ! co/ price4 ,?is po9t is m fully discuss$ 9 connection ) ,/ock ,records4 ,aft] ! att5dant has record$ ! *>ge sale 9 ! prop] mann] & giv5 ! duplicate slip to ! pur*as]1 he /ill has to dispose ( ano!r copy 7or two o!r copies if triplicat+ records are us$74 ,! orig9al %\ld be spe>$ onto an ord9>y file1 ea* cl]k hav+ 8 own fil+ hook 9 a conv5i5t b inconspicu\s place4 ,! triplicate is left 9 ! sales book or on ! roll1 z ! case may be4 ,9 addition1 ! cl]k %\ld be requir$ to r+ up ! sale on ! ca% regi/]4 ,?is is1 ( c\rse1 v important1 & h]oic measures %\ld be adopt$ to insure ! record+ ( e sale1 ( :atev] k9d1 on ! ca% regi/]4 ,means to ?is end c readily be devis$4 ,! subject ( ca% regi/]s is a v important "o & is discuss$ 9 detail else:]e4 ,! above op]ations are describ$ at "s l5g?1 b 9 reality1 !y are simple 9 ! extreme3 a cu/om] makes a pur*ase1 ! cl]k records ! sale1 r+s up ! am\nt on ! ca% regi/]1 gives ! cu/om] 8 goods & a copy ( ! sales slip & /icks ! o!r copy on 8 file4 ,if ! ca% regi/] pr9ts tickets1 he may drop ! ticket 9 8 comp>tm5t ( a box or draw] provid$ = ! purpose1 or pref]ably1 give x to ! cu/om]4 ,daily ,*eck ( ,*>ge ,sales ,aft] ! day's bus9ess is ov]1 ea* cl]k ga!rs up all 8 receipts = ! day & assorts !m into ?ree piles1 repres5t+ ! ca%1 c\pon & *>ge sales1 respectively4 ,he !n makes out 8 sales report on ,=m #e z %[n 9 ,fig4 #d4 ,?is report %\ld be pr9t$ on ! face ( an end-op5+ envelope measur+ n m ?an #d #aj in*es1 ?us =m+ a conv5i5t receptacle = ! c\pons1 *>ge slips & ca% turn$ 94 ,! pr9t$ =m %\ld be1 say1 #g #c in*es4 ,z ^! envelopes are n subject$ to r\gh usage1 be+ us$ b once1 any k9d ( *eap pap] w s]ve ! purpose4 ,x might be well 9 c]ta9 cases to h ! envelopes mat* ! color ( ! orig9al *>ge sales slips = t dep>tm5t1 b ord9>ily1 ?is w\ld be f\nd an unnecess>y ref9em5t4 ,aft] mak+ out ?is sales report1 ! cl]k places 9 ! envelope ! ca%1 c\pons1 etc41 & h&s x to ! ,po/ ,ex*ange ,(fic] or to ! ,/ew>d1 if s au?oriz$4 7,= obvi\s reasons1 ! ,ex*ange ,(fic] p]sonally %\ld receive & *eck ! receipts ! night ( pay-day & at int]vals dur+ ! mon?1 ev5 if ! ,/ew>d is ord9>ily au?oriz$ to d s47 ,! ,/ew>d or ,ca%i] has mean:ile unlock$ ! ca% regi/]1 not$ ! read+s ( ! record :eels & tak5 out ! tape %[+ ! pr9t$ record ( sales4 ,illu/ration3 ,figure #d4 7,r$uc$ 9 size7 ,n[1 assum+ t triplicate records are us$1 ! ,/ew>d takes ! triplicate copies--ei!r book or roll--8?r[s0 !m or *ecks !m = numb]+1 to see t all are acc\nt$ =1 & totals _! value on ! add+ ma*9e4 ,by comp>+ ?is total ) t %[n by ! appropriate :eels ( ! ca% regi/]1 he asc]ta9s if all *>ge sales h be5 rung up4 ,if ^! two agree1 all is well1 s f>4 ,if !y d n agree1 a note is made ( ! discrepancy = use 9 connection ) ! op]ations h]eaft] describ$4 ,illu/ration3 ,figure #e1 7,r$uc$ 9 size7 ,by ?is "t1 ! cl]ks %\ld be ready to h& 9 _! reports & receipts4 ,! ,/ew>d fills out ! re/ ( ,=m #e z call$ = by ! v>i\s columns & ab/racts ^! reports to 8 ,=m #d z %[n 9 ,fig4 #e4 ,?is =m %\ld be pr9t$ on a c>d measur+ #c #h in*es1 to p]mit conv5i5t fil+4 ,if pr9t$ on ?9 pap]1 x w h to be fil$ on a ,%annon file :i* is n s conv5i5t 9 ! long run4 ,^! c>ds %\ld be ( fairly good /ock1 z !y are a "p ( ! p]man5t records ( ! ,ex*ange1 b %\ld be no heavi] ?an necess>y4 ,! ,/ew>d c>ries d[n ! totals on ,=m #d & comp>es !m ) ! ?ree sep>ate totals %[n by ! ca% regi/]4 ,re/rict+ ourselves to a discussion ( ! *>ge sales1 we see t if ! total ( ! triplicate slips1 ! totals ( ! cl]ks' reports & ! total %[n by ! ca% regi/] all agree !n ! *>ge sales /atem5t %[n on ,=m #d is correct4 ,if !re is any discrepancy 9 ?is or any o!r column ( ,=m #d ! mi/ake %\ld be f\nd & correct$ be=e ! cl]ks are dismiss$ = ! night4 ,suppose1 = example1 t ! ca% regi/] %[s a total ( #bj4fj *>ge sales = ! day & ! total on ,=m #d is #ba4ij4 ,! fir/ /ep is to h ! cl]ks make sure t _! reports correctly /ate ! actual am\nt ( *>ge sales slips turn$ 94 ,if !y are correct1 !n "s cl]k has probably =gott5 to r+ up "o or m sales4 ,to trace ! fault1 let ! ,/ew>d read (f all ! *>ge sales f ! record tape ( ! ca% regi/]1 call+ (f at ! same "t ! lett] ( ! cl]k :o rang up ea* sale4 ,^! c be comp>$ ) ! triplicate copy ( ! sales slips1 or ! assembl$ cl]ks c be requir$ to note ! sales accr$it$ to !m1 ! gr& total ( :i* mu/ equal #bj4fj4 ,9 ?is mann]1 ! error is def9itely locat$4 ,on ! o!r h&1 suppose ! ca% regi/] %[s #ba4ij & ! total on ,=m #d %[s #bj4fj4 ,! effect is t produc$ by a cl]k be+ %ort #a4cj 9 *>ge sales slips aft] he has actually made ! sales4 ,! same proc$ure z be=e w locate ! mi/ake4 ,if he _c produce ! slips 7or ca% or c\pons z ! case may be7 or satisfactorily expla9 ! mi/ake1 ! cl]k 9 error %\ld be requir$ to make good ! discrepancy4 ,discrepancies 9 ca% & c\pons c be locat$ & rem$i$ 9 ! same mann]4 ,x is important t ! cl]ks be requir$ to p>ticipate 9 ! task ( locat+ mi/akes & to make good on errors1 o!rwise !re w be no inc5tive to c>eful "w4 ,:5 ! totals ( ! cl]ks' reports *eck aga9/ ! ca% regi/]s1 ! next /ep is to *eck ! =m] aga9/ ! receipts 9 ca%1 c\pons & *>ge sales slips actually turn$ 9 by ! respective cl]ks4 ,! ca% %\ld1 9 fact1 be c\nt$ imm$iately ^u be+ turn$ 91 *eck$ ,o4 ,k4 on ! cl]ks' reports & put 9 a safe place4 ,! *>ge slips h&$ 9 by ea* cl]k are comp>$ ) ! /rip f ! add+ ma*9e 7on :i* ! cl]k has add$ up 8 slips be=e mak+ out 8 report7 *eck$ aga9/ ! report & put aside = fil+4 ,c\pons are h&l$ 9 ! same way except t !y are seal$ 9 ! envelope & put 9 a secure place until ! ,ex*ange ,(fic] p]sonally c burn !m4 ,?is matt] ( de/roy+ c\pons %\ld nev] be delegat$ to any o!r p]son4 ,9 view ( ! fact t ! receipts turn$ 9 by ea* cl]k %\ld1 & usually d1 *eck exactly ) 8 report1 ?is p>ticul> r\t9e is recomm5d$1 z x all[s ! dismissal ( ! cl]ks be=e comm5c+ ! "w describ$ 9 ?is p>agraph4 ,9 case ( mi/akes1 ! simple exp$i5t ( mak+ ! cl]k at fault assi/ 9 ! "w = a few ev5+s1 is usually suffici5t to prev5t a repetition4 ,9 l>ge ,ex*anges1 :]e ! c\pon & *>ge sales are l>ge1 x is n cu/om>y to total ! *>ge sales slips & c\nt ! c\pons until ! next morn+4 ,if ! receipts turn out to be great] ?an call$ = by ! reports1 ! surplus c be tak5 up by ent]+ on a s+le l9e ( ,=m #bf 7describ$ h]eaft]71 :5ev] ! books are clos$ 7or (t5]1 if desir$7 an item %[+ :at dep>tm5ts are cr$it$ ) ^! excess c\pons1 exactly z if x 7 ano!r day's transactions4 ,su* entry %\ld1 h[ev]1 be prefac$ by ! words1 8excess c\pons04 ,%ortages %\ld be collect$ f ! cl]k at fault1 ?us mak+ ! reports correct4 ,! ,ex*ange ,(fic] %\ld occasionally make ! c\pon & ! *>ge sales c\nts himself4 ,x w\ld be unbus9esslike1 if ! c\pon or *>ge sales are heavy1 to require ! ,ex*ange ,(fic]1 ! ,/ew>d or any o!r high pric$ man to wa/e 8 "t c\nt+ c\pons or any o!r simil> task4 ,a less exp5sive employee %\ld be detail$ = ?is purpose4 ,= su* unskill$ labor1 a boy at #aj4jj p] mon? :o c run err&s1 etc41 w\ld be a pr(itable inve/m5t 9 _m cases1 ?us leav+ ! exp5sive employees free to d m important "w4 ,too mu* /ress _c be plac$ ^u ! importance ( insur+ ! correctness ( ! data ent]$ on ,=m #d4 ,if ! above m5tion$ *ecks h be5 appli$1 !re %\ld be no tr\ble 9 any phase ( our *>ge acc\nts4 ,daily ,summ>y ( ,*>ge ,sales4 ,illu/ration3 ,figure #f4 7,r$uc$ 9 size7 ,= v>i\s self-evid5t reasons1 we use ,=m #g1 %[n 9 ,fig4 #f1 = %[+ a mon?'s *>ge sales4 ,?is =m gives u 9 a mo/ conv5i5t %ape1 a summ>y ( t "p ( our 7daily7 ,=ms #d t relates to our *>ge sales bus9ess1 x safegu>ds u aga9/ ! loss ( any ,=m #d & facilitates po/+ our l$g] acc\nts4 ,?is =m is kept up to date1 ! *>ge sales f ,=m #d be+ ent]$ !reon daily1 & !re=e1 af=ds u a mo/ effici5t aid 9 clos+ our books at any mom5t4 ,at ! end ( ! mon?1 or :5ev] ! books are clos$1 we f9d ! totals ( ! columns ( ,=m #g & po/ ^! totals z lump sums into ! l$g]4 ,= example1 ! total ( column #a is po/$ z a debit 9 ! l$g] aga9/ ,bills ,receivable1 ,cu/om]s2 ! total ( column #b z a cr$it to ! same acc\nt4 ,! total ( column #c %\ld be po/$ z a debit aga9/ ! ,/ore acc\nt 9 ! l$g]1 ?is be+ = articles return$ to ! /ore by our cu/om]s2 ! total ( column #d is po/$ z a cr$it to ! /ore acc\nt1 be+ = articles sold f same1 etc4 ,^! %eets1 con/itut+ ,=m #g are #aa #ad in*es1 & co/ #a4ge p] hundr$ )\t pr9t$ head+s2 a sectional po/ b9d] to fit !m c be b\ght = #c4ge4 ,! %eet is ! same on bo? sides & w1 !re=e1 take c>e ( sev5 dep>tm5ts if we use ! :ole wid? ( ! op5 book4 ,?is w be f\nd ample 9 mo/ cases4 ,x is useless exp5se to h ! head+s1 etc41 pr9t$ on ! %eets1 because a s+le %eet ) neatly writt5 head+s c be made to s]ve z a sort ( index = a great _m %eets1 provid$ !y are m\nt$ above x & are trimm$ (f j bel[ ! head+s 8,,dr40 8,,cr401 & also trimm$ on ! outside m>g9 s t ! date figures on ! l[]mo/ %eet w s]ve z an index to ! l9es ( ! upp] %eets4 ,?is labor & money sav+ po9t w be m fully discuss$ lat]4 ,record+ ,*>ge ,sales ,slips4 ,aft] ^! slips h be5 *eck$ aga9/ ! cl]ks' reports1 !y mu/ be sort$ out & fil$ accord+ to ! names ( ! pur*as]s4 ,= ?is "w1 h two c>d index draw]s1 ea* fitt$ ) a set ( guide c>ds m>k$ on ! tabs ) ! names ( our *>ge cu/om]s4 ,z ea* slip is f\nd1 file x beh9d ! prop] "n4 ,we fir/ take all ! 8,/ore0 slips & file !m 9 ?is mann]2 we !n g ?r\gh ?is 8sort+ draw]0 & total ! slips belong+ to ea* cu/om] & ent] ^! totals 9 ! column repres5t+ t date on ,=m #i1 7see ,fig4 #g7 opposite ! names ( ! respective cu/om]s4 ,at ! same "t1 we ins]t ! sales slips diagonally 9 _! prop] places 9 ! o!r or p]man5t fil+ draw]4 ,! total ( ^! entries on ,=m #i %\ld equal ! total *>ge sales cr$it$ t date to ! ,/ore on ,=m #g4 ,if x does1 ! slips t h be5 plac$ diagonally c be %ov$ d[n into ! prop] places z we are ?r\gh ) !m2 if x does n1 !y c easily be remov$ = fur!r exam9ation4 ,?is daily *eck %\ld inv>iably be made = ea* dep>tm5t4 ,we proce$ 9 l mann] ) respect to ! o!r dep>tm5ts1 ea* dep>tm5t hav+ its own %eet or %eets l ,=m #i4 ,x is evid5t t ?is =m gives u a summ>y ( all ! *>ge sales made ea* day f ea* dep>tm5t1 %[+ ! am\nts sold to ea* ( our cu/om]s4 ,at ! end ( ! mon?1 ea* l9e is add$ across & ! total ent]$4 ,! 8,total0 column is !n add$ up & comp>$ ) ! total obta9$ by add+ toge!r ! figures 7repres5t+ ! daily totals7 on ! bottom l9e4 ,if ^! two totals *eck aga9/ ea* o!r & aga9/ ! total %[n on ,=m #g1 ! acc\nt may be consid]$ correct & is a record ( ! daily transactions betwe5 our cu/om]s & ! dep>tm5t consid]$4 ,illu/ration3 ,figure #g4 7,r$uc$ 9 size7 ,! book 9 :i* we b9d our ,=m #i is kn[n z ! 8,*>ge ,book01 & x may be well to expla9 "h ! physical make-up ( ?is important book ( record4 ,x is1 ( c\rse1 on ! loose-leaf pr9ciple1 be+ ( ! type kn[n z a 8sectional po/ b9d]04 ,x co/s #b4ej & ! rul$ %eets 7)\t special pr9t+7 co/ #a4jj p] hundr$4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 to ! mann] ( h&l+ ! %eets ( ! book t att5tion is especially invit$4 ,! old fa%ion$ way w\ld be to ent] ! names ( our cu/om]s d[n ! left h& m>g9 ( ea* %eet until all 7 ent]$1 put ! "n ( ! dep>tm5t & ! mon? & ye> at ! top ( ! %eet & ! days ( ! mon? at ! tops ( ! successive columns ) ! head+ 8,total0 at ! "r ( ! %eet4 ,?us1 if we _h five dep>tm5ts & en\gh cr$it cu/om]s to require six %eets = ! li/1 we %\ld h to prep>e ?irty %eets 9 ?is mann] e mon?4 ,n[1 to %[ h[ we c elim9ate unnecess>y "w by ! ex]cise ( a little =e?\ght1 let u assume t we h />t$ our record 9 ?is mann]4 ,n[ take six copies ( ,=m #i1 trim !m along ! heavy brok5 l9es %[n 9 ,fig4 #g1 & b9d "o ( ^! %eets 9 front ( ea* ( ^? we h previ\sly prep>$4 ,x is obvi\s t ! book is n[ ready = ano!r mon?'s entries )\t any prep>atory writ+ or numb]+ :atev] o!r ?an labell+ ea* new %eet 9 "s conv5i5t place ) ! mon? & dep>tm5t to :i* x p]ta9s4 ,( c\rse1 to c>e = ! five dep>tm5ts1 we %\ld h to d ?is = all five sets ( %eets t we orig9ally prep>$4 ,x foll[s t1 provid$ our li/ ( cu/om]s does n *ange1 ?is same op]ation ( ins]t+ trimm$ %eets w\ld con/itute ! only labor necess>y to cont9ue ?is record = an indef9ite p]iod4 ,aft] consid]able exp]im5t+ & actual trial 9 s]vice1 ! foll[+ describ$ s*eme has be5 evolv$ = h&l+ ?is record 9 an effici5t mann]4 ,:ile no claim is made t x is p]fect1 x is believ$ t x w give ?or\gh satisfaction :]ev] x is giv5 a fair trial & w save _m h\rs ( labor 9 keep+ ! books4 #a4 ,take a %eet1 ,=m #i1 & ent] ! names ( y\r *>ge cu/om]s 9 alphabetical ord]1 comm5c+ on a left h& page4 ,to all[ = future *anges1 leave a blank l9e be=e ea* "n & "o or two blank l9es at ! bottom ( ! page = sub-totals1 etc4 ,= cle>ness & p]man5ce1 ^! names %\ld be put 9 f a black 8record0 typewrit] ribbon4 ,write 9 ! head+s ( ! v>i\s columns z %[n on ,=m #i4 ,! object 9 plac+ ! 8total0 column ne> ! outside m>g9 is to h x next ! cu/om]'s "n1 ?us m9imiz+ ! *ances ( error 9 tak+ out ! wrong total :5 we make our po/+s at ! end ( ! mon?4 #b4 ,if our li/ ( *>ge cu/om]s w require m ?an "o %eet1 take ano!r ,=m #i :i* we %all call ,%eet ,no4 #b & proce$ 9 a l mann]1 us+ ! same side ( ! %eet z be=e4 ,?is %\ld be repeat$ until all our *>ge cu/om]s are ent]$4 ,sev]al blank l9es are left at ! bottom ( ! la/ %eet4 ,?us1 :5 we h f9i%$ & h ins]t$ ! %eets 9 our book1 we %all h a complete li/ ( our *>ge cu/om]s all record$ on ! left h& pages ( our book1 t side ( ea* %eet t =ms ! "r h& pages ( our book be+ blank4 #c4 ,n[1 9 ord] to utilize ^! blank pages1 ?us avoid+ unnecess>y wa/e1 we proce$ z foll[s3--,op5 y\r book betwe5 ,%eets #a & #b2 page #a w !n be on ! left & page #b on ! "r4 ,?is page #b %\ld n[ be prep>$ 9 a mann] exactly simil> to t us$ 9 prep>+ page #a1 except t ! cu/om]s' names are on ! "r h& m>g9 ) ! total column next inside4 ,?is is cle>ly %[n 9 ,fig4 #g4 #d4 ,prep>e ! blank sides ( ! o!r %eets 9 a simil> mann] & we %all !n h two complete li/s ( our *>ge cu/om]s1 "o occupy+ ! left & ! o!r ! "r h& pages ( our book1 ! confront+ pages be+ practically symmetrical4 #e4 ,let u assume t ! ,ex*ange has five sep>ate dep>tm5ts 9 :i* *>ge sales c occur4 ,we cut five %eets along ! heavy brok5 l9es %[n 9 ,fig4 #g & ins]t !m betwe5 pages #a & #b4 ,five m trimm$ %eets are ins]t$ betwe5 %eets 7:ole %eets7 #b & #c1 & s on = ! re/ ( ! book4 ,9 ord] to id5tify ^! %eets if accid5tally remov$ f ! b9d] & to facilitate ! mak+ ( entries1 we pr9t on ea* ( !m 9 l>ge lett]s1 ! "n ( ! dep>tm5t & ! mon? to :i* !y ref]4 ,?is is be/ done lightly ) r$ ink z %[n 79 black7 9 ,fig4 #g :]e ! %eet is m>k$ ,,/ore--,,aug4 ,?is r$ ink lett]+ w n obscure ! black ink figures subsequ5tly made4 #f4 ,let u agree to use ! left h& pages = ! fir/ mon?'s acc\nt & ! "r h& pages = ! next mon?'s acc\nt4 ,let u take ! fir/ trimm$ %eet & m>k x 8,,/ore--,,jan0 on "o side1 & 8,,/ore--,,feb0 on ! o!r4 ,d simil>ly = ! %eets res]v$ = ! 8m>ket01 8lun* room01 & o!r acc\nts4 ,! %eets conta9+ ! typewritt5 head+s are n us$ = record+ sales1 b are us$ = guide %eets1 = reasons to be set =? lat]4 ,x is easy to see f ! prec$+ description t our *>ge book is a runn+ acc\nt1 & be+ always up to date1 c be clos$ at %ort notice4 ,:5 two mon?s' records h be5 ent]$1 ! trimm$ %eets are lift$ & fil$1 z w be describ$ h]eaft]4 ,fre% trimm$ %eets are aga9 ins]t$ 9 ! prop] places & ! record proce$s z be=e4 ,consolidat+ ,*>ge ,sales ,mon?ly4 ,! =m 9 :i* we h plac$ our daily records ( cr$it sales l5ds itself v readily to a process ( summation or consolidation4 ,! mann] ( do+ ?is is z foll[s3-- #a4 ,prep>e a second d\ble li/ ( our cr$it cu/om]s exactly z describ$ above1 except t ! columns1 in/ead ( be+ head$ ) ! days ( ! mon?1 are labell$ ) ! names ( ! v>i\s dep>tm5ts1 z %[n 9 ,fig4 #h4 ,let u call ?is ,=m #f4 ,blank %eets trimm$ along ! heavy brok5 l9es1 %[n 9 ,fig4 #g1 are ins]t$ z be=e1 no record+ be+ done on ! typewritt5 %eets--!y are simply guides or indices to ! v>i\s l9es & columns4 ,illu/ration3 ,figure #h4 7,r$uc$ 9 size7 #b4 ,all ^! %eets are b\nd 9 a sep>ate book to facilitate ! "w ( po/+ at ! end ( ! mon?4 ,exp]im5t seems to prove t ?is is bett] ?an b9d+ ^! records 9 ! same book ) ! *>ge %eets j describ$4 ,?is1 = ! reason t a cl]k is apt to wa/e too mu* "t 9 cont9ually turn+ pages back & =? & is also m liable to make errors 9 po/+4 #c4 ,imm$iately aft] ! end ( ! mon?1 ,=m #g1 is *eck$ aga9/ ,=m #i z previ\sly describ$4 ,we !n take1 say1 ! 8/ore0 *>ge %eets 7,=m #g7 & ent] on ,=m #f ! total t ea* cu/om] owes ! /ore4 ,we d ! same = e o!r dep>tm5t1 also ent]+ ! balance rema9+ unpaid f la/ mon? 9 ! column provid$ = ! purpose4 ,we also record 9 ! prop] column any cr$it we h giv5 our cu/om]s dur+ ! mon? = goods return$1 ov]*>ges1 etc4 #d4 ,by us+ ! add+ ma*9e1 we f9d ! total ( ea* dep>tm5t's column on ,=m #f2 x %\ld equal ! total *>ge sales = t dep>tm5t report$ on ,=ms #g & #i4 ,if x does n1 ! error mu/ be f\nd & correct$ be=e proce$+ fur!r4 ,^! totals1 :5 correct1 are ent]$ at ! foot ( _! prop] columns on ! la/ %eet ( ! record4 ,n[ add ^! column-totals on ! ma*9e & ent] ! result 9 p5cil at ! foot ( ! 8,total0 column on ! same la/ %eet ( ?is ,=m #f record2 x %\ld *eck aga9/ ! gr& total ( ! *>ge sales = ! mon? report$ on ,=ms #g & #i4 ,illu/ration3 ,figure #i4 ,actual size #e4 ,:5 all po/+s to our ,=m #f are complete1 we /ation "o cl]k at ! add+ ma*9e & "o is prep>$ to make out our mon?ly bills or /atem5ts ( acc\nt1 us+ ,=m #a1 %[n 9 ,fig4 #i4 ,"s p]son reads (f ,=m #f ! "n ( ea* cu/om] & ! total *>ges aga9/ him by ea* dep>tm5t4 ,^! items are add$ on ! ma*9e & simultane\sly ent]$ by ! bill cl]k on ,=m #a4 ,! add+ ma*9e op]ator reads ! total ( ! items he has add$1 :i* total is ent]$ by ! bill cl]k on 8 ,=m #a & by u 9 ! column head$1 8,total0 on our ,=m #f4 #f4 ,any cr$it due ! cu/om] is read (f to & ent]$ by ! bill cl]k on ! /atem5t4 ,he !n figures ! balance due ! ,po/ ,ex*ange1 :i* balance %\ld agree ) t figur$ indep5d5tly by ! p]son read+ f ,=m #f4 #g4 ,:5 ! la/ bill has be5 made out1 take ! pr9t$ /rip f ! add+ ma*9e & f9d ! sum ( all ! totals t h be5 read (f by ! op]ator4 ,?is sum %\ld equal ! p5cil total describ$ 9 ,p>4 #d above & *ecks ! correctness ( ! acc\nt4 ,if a 8,duplex0 add+ ma*9e is us$1 ?is does n require extra "w4 ,if ! acc\nts d n 8jibe0 & ! error _c be f\nd1 take 9 rotation ! *>ge slips t y h fil$ aga9/ ea* cu/om] & add !m on ! ma*9e1 mak+ a sep>ate total = ea* cu/om]4 ,?is %\ld locate ! error4 ,if ! acc\nts *eck1 h[ev]1 7& !y %\ld if ! previ\s *ecks h be5 made prop]ly7 ?is labori\s op]ation is unnecess>y4 ,all our bills are n[ ready = mail+1 & !y are made out correctly4 ,9 ord] to obta9 ! full b5efit ( ?is me?od1 our bill =ms %\ld require ! m9imum am\nt ( writ+4 ,! =m %[n 9 ,fig4 #i gives satisfaction4 ,x is a #c #e in* c>d & !re=e fits /&>d size c>d index draw]s2 x is easily h&l$ & w g into a note size p5alty envelope )\t fold+4 ,! appropriate mon? c be /amp$ 9 & ! "n ( ! cu/om] ent]$ dur+ sp>e mom5ts ?r\gh\t ! mon?1 s t ! only "w necess>y at ?is "t is to write 9 ! figures4 ,if ! l9es ( ,=m #a are 8typewrit] spac$01 t is1 six to ! in*1 & ! =m is n too heavy1 x c be plac$ directly 9 ! add+ ma*9e & ! v>i\s am\nts pr9t$ on ! c>d4 ,! names ( ! v>i\s dep>tm5ts %\ld be pr9t$ on ?is c>d 9 ! same ord] 9 :i* !y occur on ,=m #f4 ,9 fact1 mu* "w w be sav$ if "s specific s*eme ( sequ5ce or relative ord] among ! diff]5t dep>tm5ts is inv>iably foll[$4 ,! writ] does n "k ( a m economical or effici5t sy/em ( h&l+ ! bug-a-boo ( 8gett+ out our mon?ly bills0 ?an t j describ$4 ,sometimes1 a 8duplicat+ bill-book0 is us$1 b x is a wa/eful & ineffici5t me?od :5 comp>$ to ?is4 ,"o ( ! pr9cipal advantages ( ! sy/em lies 9 ! fact t x is unnecess>y to keep a private l$g] acc\nt = any ( our *>ge cu/om]s4 ,if we 7 to d s1 we %\ld simply repeat in=mation t we already h4 ,x w be rememb]$ t we h fil$ away our triplicate record ( ea* day's *>ge sales1 :i* record describes 9 detail ! p>ticul>s ( e sale made on t day4 ,f ?is1 %\ld ! necessity arise1 we c recon/ruct our :ole *>ge sales record = ! mon?4 ,we h also on file 7until ! bill is paid7 ano!r copy ( ea* *>ge sales slip1 fil$ accord+ to ! names ( cu/om]s1 :i*1 9 itself1 con/itutes "o side ( ! l$g] acc\nt t w\ld be kept "u ! old sy/em4 ,^!1 toge!r ) ! records previ\sly describ$1 amply w>rant ! abolition ( cu/om]s' private l$g] acc\nts4 ,ano!r great advantage ( ?is sy/em lies 9 ! ease & rapidity ) :i* ! books c be clos$ at any "t4 ,att5tion is invit$ to ! note at ! bottom ( ,=m #a4 ,?is is a labor sav+ item t is 9 accord ) ! practice ( _m up-to-date h\ses--to reg>d a cancel$ & endors$ *eck z ! be/ =m ( receipt4 ,h5ce1 if a cu/om] pays 8 bill by *eck1 x is unnecess>y to receipt ! bill & return x to him1 our endorsem5t on 8 *eck con/itutes 8 receipt4 ,?is same proc$ure c be made to apply to companies1 etc42 also1 if ! company comm&] w use ! sales slips z 8 sub-v\*]s = ! exp5diture4 ,cr$it ,transactions4 ,we %all n[ take up ! proc$ure to be foll[$ 9 record+ any & all cr$it :i* we all[ to cu/om]s = ov]*>ges1 goods return$1 etc4 ,x is app>5t t su* transaction mu/ occur 9 any bus9ess4 ,accurate track %\ld be kept ( !m & !y %\ld be h&l$ 9 ! mo/ effici5t & "t-sav+ mann] possible4 ,ea* su* transaction results 9 a cr$it aga9/ our ,bills ,receivable & a *>ge or debit aga9/ ! p>ticul> dep>tm5t involv$4 ,z be=e /at$1 ! cl]k :o receives ! goods t are return$ to u makes out a *>ge sales slip1 m>ks x 8,,cr$it0 & keeps ! duplicate1 giv+ ! orig9al to ! cu/om]4 ,x is usually ! rule t nobody o!r ?an ! ,/ew>d or ! ,ex*ange ,(fic] himself has au?ority to give cu/om]s cr$it 9 ?is way4 ,9 ! ev5+1 ! cl]k h&s 9 ^! cr$it slips ) 8 report4 ,:5 ! ,/ew>d makes up 8 report on ,=m #d1 aft] v]ify+ ! cl]ks' reports1 he simply ent]s ^! cr$its 9 ! la/ column on 8 ,=m #d1 totals !m & describes ea* sep>ate cr$it transaction on ! back ( 8 report4 ,all ! data relat+ to ! *>ge sales 7& cr$its giv57 dur+ ! day t are %[n on ! face ( ,=m #d are ab/ract$ to ! appropriate l9e ( ,=m #g1 :i* latt] %eet gives u 9 concise =m all ! data we ne$ conc]n+ our *>ge sales = ! mon?4 ,! cr$it slips are ga!r$ up & plac$ ) ! fil$ *>ge sales slips relat+ to ! p]son :o return$ ! goods to u4 ,at ! end ( ! mon?1 prep>atory to mak+ out our bills1 all cr$its are ent]$ 9 ! column head$ 8,cr$it0 on ,=m #f1 & are *eck$ aga9/ ! totals %[n on ,=m #g4 ,?is avoids ! necessity ( ent]+ ea* cr$it transaction on a sep>ate l9e ( ,=m #g z su* transaction occurs4 ,ev5 if ! cr$it slip 7 lo/1 no error %\ld result1 because we *eck ! total cr$its ent]$ on ,=m #f aga9/ ! total cr$its on ,=m #g be=e we />t mak+ out our bills4 ,if ^! d n agree1 we mu/ *eck bo? ,=ms #f & #g aga9/ ! cr$its %[n daily by ! v>i\s ,=ms #d4 ,we also h ano!r *eck 9 ! triplicate copy ( ! cr$it slips t has be5 fil$ away4 ,bel[ is a graphic *>t :i* %[s h[ to h&le ?is sy/em ( *>ge acc\nts4 ,x %[s h[ ! v>i\s records exp]i5ce a cont9u\s process ( summation until !y f9ally rea* ! l$g] & ! cu/om]'s bill1 & h[ ! acc\nts c be *eck$ z we g along1 ?us avoid+ errors4 ,solid l9es %[ po/+ op]ations1 brok5 l9es %[ possible *eck+ op]ations4 ,settl+ ,*>ge ,acc\nts4 ,:5 any ( our *>ge cu/om]s pays 8 bill1 we make an entry 9 our ca% book1 giv+ to ea* su* paym5t a sep>ate l9e4 ,we ent] ! am\nt ( ! paym5t 9 ! column head$ 8,net ,ca%0 & also 9 ! column head$ 8,cu/om]s04 ,we d n ent] any ( ?is am\nt 9 ! columns ref]r+ to ! v>i\s dep>tm5ts because !y h already be5 cr$it$ = _! prop] %>es ?r\gh ! *>ge sales records & to d s aga9 9 ! ca% book w\ld manife/ly give !m d\ble cr$it = ea* *>ge sale4 ,we also /amp 8,paid0 9 ! 8,ca%0 column ( ,=m #f1 us+ a dat+ /amp t w fit neatly into ?is column4 ,"o us+ r$ ink is pref]able4 ,if only a "p ( ! bill is paid1 we ent] 9 ?is column ! am\nt receiv$1 ext5d ! balance to ! prop] column &1 at ! prop] "t1 c>ry x =w>d to next mon?'s acc\nt4 ,"s book-keep]s ( ! old s*ool w keep a 8blott]0 or "s su* book :]e9 ^! paym5ts are fir/ not$1 copy+ !m at _! leisure into ! ,ca% ,book4 ,z ! ,ca% ,book is a book ( orig9al record1 ?is is n only wrong1 b is incid5tally unnecess>y labor & h5ce to be avoid$4 ,:5 paym5ts l ^! come 91 !y %\ld be tak5 directly to ! book-keep]1 :o %\ld imm$iately ent] !m 9 ! ,ca% ,book4 ,illu/ration3 ,figure #aj4 ,all su* paym5ts occurr+ on any "o day are ent]$ 9 a lump sum "u 8,collections10 on ! ,=m #d = t day4 ,9 fact1 all ca% receiv$1 :e!r f payma/]s' collections on payrolls or any s\rce o!r ?an ca% sales by any ( our dep>tm5ts1 is tak5 up on ,=m #d z 8,collections04 ,if a bill is paid be=e ! end ( ! mon?1 x is treat$ exactly ! same z if x 7 paid aft]w>d1 except t ! date is /amp$ 9 a diff]5t color$ ink4 ,x does n confuse our acc\nts1 because ! am\nt paid is ent]$ 9 ! 8,cu/om]s'0 column ( ! ,ca% ,book & ! total ( ?is column is po/$ at ! end ( ! mon? to ! cr$it side ( ,bills ,receivable1 ,cu/om]s1 9 ! l$g]4 ,! 8,cu/om]s'0 column 9 ! ,ca% ,book is solely = receipts f our *>ge cu/om]s & = no?+ else4 ,if1 at any "t1 we wi% to f9d ! total *>ge sales1 we simply f9d ! total ( ! am\nts %[n on ,=m #g1 subtract+ cr$its1 if any4 ,we also use ! total sales cr$it$ to ! v>i\s dep>tm5ts on ,=m #g 9 mak+ up our mon?ly /atem5t = ! audit+ (fic] & = ! ,inspector4 ,to f9d out at ! end ( ! mon? ! am\nt due u on acc\nt1 we turn to ,bills ,receivable1 ,cu/om]s1 9 ! l$g]1 :]e ! balance %\ld %[ ! correct am\nt4 ,?is am\nt %\ld *eck ) ! 8,total0 column on ,=m #f r$uc$ by cr$its all[$ & paym5ts receiv$ prior to ! end ( ! mon?4 ,dead & ,live ,records4 ,x w be rememb]$ t all our ,=ms #i 7 plac$ 9 "o book & our ,=ms #f 9 ano!r1 & t ea* ,=m #i 0 to be us$ = two mon?s1 t is1 us$ on bo? sides4 ,aft] bo? sides h be5 us$ ^! =ms are transf]r$ bodily to ! book conta9+ our ,=ms #f1 & plac$ betwe5 ! ,=ms #f ref]r+ to ^! mon?s4 ,fre% ,=ms #i take ! place ( ^? transf]r$1 ?us keep+ our book 8alive0 & plac+ our dead records :]e !y w be less 9 ! way4 ,! logic ( ?is is evid5t :5 we rememb] t we use our ,*>ge ,book 7,=m #f7 only at ! end ( ! mon?1 :]eas1 we use our ,=m #i book e day4 ,z reg>ds ,=m #h 7*>ge sales slip7 our rolls ( triplicate sales slips = ! mon? %\ld be m>k$ on ! outside ( ea* roll ) ! date & ! "n ( ! dep>tm5t to :i* ea* p]ta9s & kept 9 a conv5i5t place until ! audit+ (fic] has f9i%$ 8 "w = t mon?1 :5 !y %\ld be /or$ toge!r 9 "s place :]e !y c be consult$ if desir$4 ,!y %\ld be pres]v$ = su* l5g? ( "t z may be requir$ by regulations or local laws1 dep5d+ ^u :i* is ! great]4 ,! orig9al slips may be treat$ 9 "o ( two ways2 !y may be s5t to ! cu/om] ) 8 bill at ! end ( ! mon?1 or !y may be s5t to him aft] he pays 8 bill4 ,x is felt t ! fir/ me?od is by f> ! bett]4 ,=ms #e = ! mon? %\ld be pres]v$ until ! auditor has f9i%$ ) !m1 & x is p]haps advisable to keep !m until aft] ! next visit ( ! inspector4 ,our ,=ms #d are v important & %\ld be kept until aft] ! inspector has inspect$ ! acc\nts ( ! ,ex*ange1 if n indef9itely4 ,=ms #f1 #g & #i are a "p ( ! p]man5t records ( ! ,ex*ange & %\ld be pres]v$ indef9itely4 ,! =ego+ description ( ?is sy/em ( h&l+ *>ge acc\nts may s\nd =midable to ! layman1 b 9 reality1 x is n s4 ,z %[n 9 ! graphic *>t 7,fig4 #aj7 x is a logical sy/em1 proce$+ 9 a simple1 ord]ly way f ! *>ge sales slip to ! l$g] & ! cu/om]'s bill4 ,x belongs to ! class ( book-keep+ call$ 8controll$ acc\nts0--ea* "p ( ! sy/em knits ev5ly into ! o!rs1 & !re is a cont9ual process ( summation go+ on ?r\gh\t ! records4 ,!re is no duplicat$ "w & e /ep is "o ( def9ite progress t[>ds ! goal4 ,x w be f\nd to fulfil ! requirem5ts we impos$ at ! beg9n+ ( ?is essay4 ,x has actually prov$ its wor? :]ev] in/all$4 ,x is equally adapt$ to ! l>ge & to ! small ,ex*ange4 ,due to ! _m available opportunities = *eck+ ! correctness ( results1 mi/akes are easily locat$ & correct$4 ,h[ev]1 if ! *ecks describ$ are appli$1 especially ^? relat+ to ,=m #d1 !re %\ld be little excuse = a mi/ake to appe> 9 any ( ! high] acc\nts4 ,,ca% ,,sales4 ,9 ! light ( ! prec$+ discussion ( *>ge sales1 our me?ods ( h&l+ ca% sales c be dispos$ ( 9 a few words4 ,9 all cases ( su* sales1 ! cl]k simply gives ! cu/om] 8 goods1 receiv+ ! money !re=1 makes *ange if necess>y1 r+s up ! am\nt ( ! sale on ! ca% regi/] & places ! ca% !re94 ,! mo/ important "p ( ?is transaction1 ins(> z our sy/em is conc]n$1 is describ$ 9 ! next-to-la/ clause4 ,if ! salesman once r+s up ! correct am\nt on ! ca% regi/]1 ! /ore is sure t ! transaction is clos$1 & clos$ prop]ly4 ,means to ?is end w be discuss$ "u ! head+ ( 8,ca% ,regi/]s04 ,x is cu/om>y to loan1 secur$ by v>i\s k9ds ( receipts1 a suitable sum to ! heads ( ! v>i\s dep>tm5ts ( ! ,ex*ange = ! purpose ( mak+ *ange4 ,9 "s cases1 x may be advisable to require !m to make a ca% deposit to cov] ^! am\nts4 ,:5 ! ,ca%i] or ,/ew>d is "u bond1 x is feasible to turn ! 8*ange money0 ( ! :ole ,ex*ange ov] to him1 tak+ 8 note = x4 ,aft] clos+ at night1 ea* cl]k ent]s 8 ca% sales on 8 sales report 7,=m #e1 ,fig4 #d7 & h&s x1 toge!r ) ! ca% receipts1 to ! ,/ew>d or o!r au?oriz$ recipi5t4 ,! latt] c\nts ! ca% imm$iately1 *ecks x on ! cl]k's report & places x "o side until ! total ca% is *eck$4 ,he !n transf]s ! item to 8 own ,=m #d1 7,fig4 #e7 & comp>es ! totals = ea* dep>tm5t ) ! ca% regi/] read+s = ^? dep>tm5ts1 ent]+ ! latt]1 if !y are %[n sep>ately = ea* cl]k1 on ea* cl]k's report 9 ! spaces provid$ = t purpose4 ,discrepancies are h&l$ z previ\sly expla9$ "u ,*>ge ,sales4 ,ca% ,book4 ,:5 ! ca% is *eck$ & ! ,/ew>d's report is correct1 he copies ! am\nts ( ca% sales = ea* dep>tm5t into ! ,ca% ,book1 putt+ ea* am\nt 9 its prop] column4 ,all ! ca% receipts f all ! dep>tm5ts = any "o day g on ! same l9e 9 ! ,ca% ,book4 ,on ! o!r h&1 cr$it no?+ 9 ! ,ca% ,book to a dep>tm5t except a ca% sale4 ,e o!r receipt ( ca% f :atev] s\rce is record$ 9 ! ,ca% ,book1 also1 a sep>ate l9e be+ giv5 to ea* transaction4 ,= in/ance1 z be=e expla9$1 :5ev] "o ( our *>ge cu/om]s pays 8 bill1 we give him a sep>ate l9e 9 ! ,ca% ,book1 ent]+ ?is am\nt 9 two columns1 fir/ "u 8,net ,ca%0 & also "u 8,cu/om]s04 ,! ,ca% ,book %\ld h on ! 8,receiv$0 or debit side 7! left side7 columns = ! foll[+ items3--,date1 ,explanation1 ,v\41 ,net ,ca%1 a column = ea* dep>tm5t ( ! ,ex*ange1 ,cu/om]s1 ,cr$itors1 ,int]e/ & ,disc\nt1 & at lea/ two sp>e columns = ent]+ ! pay-day collections1 etc4 ,! books %\ld n be too bulky z _m ca% books are1 & %\ld1 ( c\rse1 be built on ! loose leaf plan4 ,a ca% book _c be design$ to suit all cases because ( ! v>y+ numb] & k9d ( dep>tm5ts p]ta9+ to diff]5t ,ex*anges4 ,h[ev]1 x is easy to secure uni=mity ( pr9ciple & me?od1 :i* is ! ma9 ?+4 ,! only po9t t ne$ v>y betwe5 diff]5t ,ex*anges is ! numb] ( columns 9 ! book & ! head+s to same4 ,illu/ration3 ,figure #aa4 7,r$uc$ 9 size7 ,a ca% book w be r exp5sive if we h x made precisely z we want x1 especially if we h ! column head+s pr9t$ 94 ,!re is no d\bt t pr9t$ head+s make a neat] book1 b 9 _m cases1 ! advisability ( incurr+ ! extra exp5se is op5 to d\bt4 ,consid]+ ! great v>iety ( /ock pages publi%$ by v>i\s manufactur]s1 !re is r>ely an excuse = ord]+ specially rul$ & pr9t$ %eets4 ,special rul+ are v exp5sive1 especially :5 we c ord] b a small supply4 ,x is f\nd t ! %eets %[n 9 ,fig4 #aa give p]fect satisfaction4 ,! l[] sample1 hav+ #bj columns1 w take c>e ( almo/ any ,ex*ange1 & by trimm+ (f ! two out] columns ( ! "r h& page1 we c secure a capacity ( #cf columns4 ,?is w\ld prev5t u f keep+ ,ca% ,receiv$ & ,ca% ,disburs$ on pages t confront ea* o!r1 b z ! numb] ( pages us$ = ! =m] usually exce$s greatly ^? necess>y = ! latt]1 ?is objection has little weight4 ,if conv5i5ce s dictat$1 !re is no reason :y ! two sides ( ! ,ca% ,book or ,ca% ,acc\nt c\ld n be kept 9 diff]5t p>ts ( ! book or ev5 9 sep>ate books4 ,?is w\ld lead to economy ( pages4 ,! upp] ( ! two =ms %[n 9 ,fig4 #aa w\ld be suitable = small ,ex*anges :]e a l>ge numb] ( columns are n requir$1 z ! left h& side c\ld be us$ = ca% receiv$ & ! "r = ca% disburs$4 ,sev]al ( ! "r h& pages w\ld h to be wa/$ ea* mon? on acc\nt ( ! great] numb] ( entries on ! debit side4 ,"s ,ex*anges use a =m simil> to ! upp] "o ( ,fig4 #aa except t x is pr9t$ & rul$ to ord] & conta9s a great] numb] ( columns ?an t %[n 9 ! cut4 ,! writ] kn[s ( "o ,ex*ange t has z _m z tw5ty columns on ea* side ( its ,ca% ,book4 ,su* =ms1 h[ev]1 are exce$+ly exp5sive & %\ld be consid]$ m or less ( a luxury4 ,! =ms %[n 9 ,fig4 #aa co/ #a4ge p] hundr$ retail 7)\t pr9t$ head+s7 & measure #aa #ad in*es1 be+ #aa in*es on ! b9d+ side4 ,a sectional po/ b9d] to fit any numb] ( ^! %eets c be obta9$ = #c4be retail4 ,! ,ca% ,book is us$ to give a detail$ record ( all ca% transactions4 ,on ! left h& or debit side is ent]$ all ca% receiv$ & on ! "r h& or cr$it side is ent]$ all ca% paid out2 ! diff]5ce 9 ! sum totals ( ! respective sides %[+ at any "t ! am\nt ( ca% on h&4 ,all items on ! cr$it side ( ! ,ca% ,book are po/$ to ! debit side ( "s acc\nt 9 ! ,l$g] & vice v]sa4 7,bank drafts1 sight drafts & *ecks belong 9 ! ca% acc\nt2 notes & "t drafts belong to ,bills ,receivable & ,bills ,payable acc\nts47 ,our po/+ is done only :5 ! books are clos$1 at ! end ( ! mon? or :5 necessity arises1 ?us sav+ an enorm\s am\nt ( "w4 ,z we keep no private l$g] acc\nt = ea* ( our cr$itors or cu/om]s1 x foll[s t ! totals ( ea* column 9 our ,ca% ,book are po/$ z lump sums to ! cr$it ( or z a debit aga9/ ! l$g] acc\nts ( ,bills ,receivable1 ,bills ,payable1 or "o ( ! ,ex*ange's dep>tm5ts1 etc4 ,all miscellane\s receipts t d n prop]ly belong to "o ( ! dep>tm5ts1 cu/om]s1 etc41 are tak5 up "u 8,int]e/ & ,disc\nts04 ,an important advantage ( ?is me?od ( h&l+ our ca% sales is t we are prep>+1 z we g along1 all ! data t w be requir$ by ! ,inspector4 ,a discussion ( ! ,cr$it side ( ! ,ca% ,book is po/pon$ until ! subject ( ,pur*ase ,records is tak5 up4 ,! above describ$ op]ations are %[n graphically 9 ,fig4 #ab1 :]e ! heavy l9es repres5t op]ations ( record+ or po/+ & ! dott$ l9es %[ possible *eck+ op]ations4 ,! item ( 8,o!r ,ca%0 is1 ( c\rse1 *eck$ aga9/ ,=m #be1 ,=m #f1 or else:]e1 dep5d+ ^u circum/ances4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #ab4 ,,c\pon ,,sales4 ,9 ,g5]al4 ,illu/ration3 ,figure #ac1 ,cov] 7,r$uc$ 9 size7 ,illu/ration3 ,figure #ac1 ,c\pons ,actual size ,c\pons1 z x may be sup]flu\s to expla91 are cr$it slips sold to enli/$ m5 by ! ,ex*ange4 ,!y are sold on cr$it1 be+ secur$ by notes sign$ by ! pur*as]s2 ^! notes con/itut+ a lawful li5 on ! draw]'s pay are suppos$ to be r$eem$ at ! next pay day4 ,! cr$it slips c be us$ at any "t = pur*as+ articles at ! ,ex*ange4 ,ex*anges =m]ly us$ metal co9s or 8*ecks0 = ?is purpose1 b x 0 consid]$ inadvisable to p]mit cr$it to be s easily c\nt]feit$1 transf]r$1 etc41 h5ce ! use ( pap] c\pons has become univ]sal1 be+ cov]$ by m&atory ord]s 9 c]ta9 circum/ances4 ,k9ds ( ,c\pons4 ,!re are two classes ( c\pons1 ! fir/ be+ ! well kn[n 8,c\pon ,book0 %[n 9 ,fig4 #ac4 ,^! books are made 9 v>i\s d5om9ations rang+ f "o to five doll>s4 ,!y are compos$ ( a cov] & sev]al int]ior pages1 ! latt] be+ divid$ by p]=ations into five c\pons ea*1 repres5t+ values ( five1 t5 or tw5ty-five c5ts1 dep5d+ ^u ! value ( ! book4 ,= in/ance1 a #a4jj book conta9s ?ree %eets1 two compos$ ( five #e;c c\pons ea* & "o compos$ ( five #aj;c c\pons4 ,on ! cov] ( ea* book is pr9t$ ! s]ial numb] ( ! book1 its value & blank l9es = ! ins]tion ( ! signature ( ! p]son to :om issu$1 ! signature ( ! ,ex*ange ,(fic] & ! date ( issue4 ,x is also cu/om>y to h pr9t$ on ! cov] ! words 8,n ,transf]able04 ,9 "s cases1 on ! back cov] ( ea* book is pr9t$ a promissory note :i*1 aft] be+ sign$ by ! soldi]1 is torn (f & kept by ! ,ex*ange au?orities until ! value ( ! book is collect$ 9 ca% f ! soldi]4 ,a v>iation ( ?is s*eme is to h a sep>ate %eet 9 ea* book s pr9t$ t x w p]=m a l function4 ,9 ei!r case1 x is expect$ t :5 ! book is deplet$1 ! cl]k mak+ ! la/ sale %all take up ! cov] ( ! book 9 ord] t x may be fil$ 9 ! ,ex*ange = su* p]iod z ! ,ex*ange ,(fic] %all det]m9e4 ,?is1 = ! reason t sometimes a man w claim t1 al?\gh he sign$ up = c]ta9 c\pons at a c]ta9 "t1 he fail$ actually to receive ! c\pons4 ,! possession & production by ! ,ex*ange ( ^! us$-up cov]s are conclusive evid5ce to ! contr>y4 ,^! c\pon books h c]ta9 inh]5t defects t are m or less s]i\s4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 x is f\nd t !y c be us$ z /akes 9 gambl+ games & c also be sold or o!rwise transf]r$ by ! orig9al draw]4 ,?is is objectionable1 n m]ely because x is aga9/ regulations1 b also because ! p]son :o s receives ! c\pons is n apt to draw c\pons ( 8 own1 ?us t5d+ to curtail ! am\nt ( c\pon sales transact$ by ! ,ex*ange4 ,?is transf]r+ ( c\pons c be accompli%$ 9 sev]al ways4 ,9 l>ge g>risons x w take a little "t be=e ! cl]ks w "k ea* man by sight1 especially :5 !re is an influx ( recruits4 ,if a cu/om] is n kn[n to ! cl]ks1 he might be able to use ano!r soldi]'s c\pon book unless ! cl]k %\ld require him to write 8 "n & comp>e x ) ! signature on ! book pres5t$4 ,?is w\ld be impracticable at c]ta9 times ( ! mon? :5 ! c\pon sales 7 heavy1 z x w\ld consume too mu* "t1 ?us prev5t+ ! cl]ks f wait+ ^u o!r cu/om]s z promptly z !y %\ld4 ,x is evid5t t ?is k9d ( a transf] c\ld be effect$ ) any k9d ( c\pons1 & !re is no prev5tive except to h ! cl]ks become acqua9t$ ) e man 9 ! g>rison at ! e>lie/ practicable mom5t4 ,:5 !re is "t1 ! cl]ks %\ld1 9 d\btful cases1 require ! cu/om] to write 8 "n & !n comp>e x ) ! "n sign$ on ! book4 ,all cl]ks %\ld und]/& t :5 any p]son pres5ts a c\pon book n 8 own ! book is =feit$ to ! ,ex*ange & ! occurr5ce is to be report$ to ! ,ex*ange ,(fic]4 ,ano!r way 9 :i* c\pons c be transf]r$ 7unless ea* c\pon is numb]$ to correspond to ! cov]7 is z foll[s3--,private ,a borr[s f ,private ,b fifty c5ts 9 ca% & gives him a doll> c\pon book 9 ex*ange4 ,private ,b removes ! /aple :i* b9ds ?is book toge!r1 takes ! book ap>t & ?r[s away ! cov]4 ,he !n loos5s ! /aple 9 a book :i* he himself has drawn at ! ,ex*ange & c>efully ins]ts en\gh ( ! loose c\pon %eets f ,a's book to fill x up aga91 & b5ds ! /aple back into its orig9al position4 ,?is s*eme is ( wid] preval5ce ?an mo/ ,ex*ange ,(fic]s w\ld imag9e1 & x is v h>d to detect4 ,ano!r fault to be f\nd ) ! c\pon book lies 9 ! possibility ( !re be+ a wrong numb] ( %eets ( c\pons 9 x4 ,pr9t]s are b human & x sometimes happ5s t !re are too few or too _m c\pons 9 a book4 ,unless ?is is detect$ be=e issue1 x causes an error 9 our /atem5t ( c\pons out/&+4 ,to prev5t ?is1 x is necess>y to exam9e ea* book be=e issu+ x1 7ev5 be=e h&+ !m ov] to ! c\pon cl]k71 a t$i\s op]ation1 "o :i* consumes unnecess>y "t & labor4 ,9 mo/ ,ex*anges1 ! conviction soon] or lat] arises t !re are c\pons out/&+ ( :i* ! ,ex*ange has no record4 ,?is may occur ?r\gh ! suspicion t "s p]son has acquir$ c\pons 9 "s unau?oriz$ mann]4 ,:5 su* cases arise1 x is cu/om>y to place ! ,ex*ange ,(fic]'s signature on ! backs ( ! c\pons or to employ "s secret m>k4 ,?is is a labori\s & exp5sive op]ation & %\ld n be resort$ to unless necess>y4 ,9 ju/ice to our pr9t]s1 be x said t !y use e endeavor to prev5t c\pons f fall+ into unau?oriz$ h&s1 b ,ex*ange ,(fic]s1 if inexp]i5c$1 d n always appreciate ! importance ( tak+ l precautions4 ,all c\pon books %\ld be kept 9 a place t is absolutely secure1 & nobody %\ld h access to same1 except ! ,ex*ange ,(fic] himself4 ,he %\ld use e ef=t to prev5t a s+le book f rea*+ 8 cu/om]s except 9 ! regul> way4 ,he %\ld take f ! c\pon vault only en\gh books to supply ! dem&1 & !y %\ld be c>efully acc\nt$ = by ! cl]k :o issues !m to ! m54 ,"s ,ex*ange ,(fic]s use a fac-simile /amp in/ead ( c\nt]sign+ ea* book 9 p]son4 ,if ?is is done1 ! /amp %\ld be mo/ c>efully gu>d$1 & kept 9 ! p]sonal possession ( ! ,ex*ange ,(fic]4 ,:5 ! /amp is made1 !re %\ld be incorporat$ 9 x1 "s secret m>k1 o!rwise1 any p]son c\ld secure ano!r simil> /amp1 to ! possible loss ( ! ,ex*ange4 ,?is secret m>k %\ld be 9 ! nature ( a d\ble in/ead ( a s+le p]iod or "s o!r inconspicu\s m>k t w\ld probably n 8take0 well %\ld any p]son attempt to produce a second fac-simile f an impression ( ! g5u9e /amp4 ,! second type ( c\pon1 %[n 9 ,fig4 #ad1 corrects "s ( ! faults ( ! c\pon book4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 x is mu* *eap]1 ! fir/ ord] be+ ab\t "o-half & subsequ5t ord]s co/+ ab\t "o-?ird ( ! price ( ! c\pon books4 ,?is is an important sav+ because ! co/ ( c\pons is a dead loss to ! ,ex*ange1 & if a satisfactory c\pon c be obta9$ at a l[ co/1 x %\ld be us$ z a matt] ( c\rse1 & ! ov]head *>ges correspond+ly r$uc$4 ,illu/ration3 ,figure #ad4 ,z w be not$1 ^! c\pons consi/ ( a s+le %eet ( /amps or c\pons1 sep>at$ by slot p]=ations1 ! :ole %eet conta9+ tw5ty #e;c c\pons4 ,consid]able exp]i5ce 9 ?is l9e prompts ! /atem5t t no real advantage is ga9$ by hav+ c\pon books ( d5om9ations high] ?an "o doll>4 ,! /yle ( c\pon "h illu/rat$ makes a virtue ( ?is fact & all slips are ord9>ily made 9 ! "o doll> d5om9ation only4 ,9 c\nt+ up ! c\pons aft] ! day's "w1 we "k t1 reg>dless ( colors1 ea* c\pon repres5ts #e;c4 ,ano!r beauty ( ! s*eme is t x is practically impossible to h /rips conta9+ a wrong numb] ( c\pons1 ! me?od ( manufacture almo/ preclud+ su* a possibility1 ?us obviat+ ! labori\s *eck+ process4 ,/ill ano!r advantage is t ! :ole doll>'s wor? ( c\pons is pr9t$ on a s+le piece ( pap]1 ?us prev5t+ any addition to its value1 z is possible ) ! book :5 p>tially deplet$4 ,"o might ?9k t ! small] size ( ^! c\pons w\ld make !m h>d to h&le & c\nt1 b an (fic] ( consid]able exp]i5ce 9 ?is l9e ( "w /ates t by us+ ! rubb] end ( a p5cil !y c be c\nt$ ) m facility ?an c ! o!r /yle ( c\pons4 ,"s ,ex*anges w\ld probably require ea* /rip to h atta*$ to x a deta*able /ub on :i* ! soldi] w\ld be requir$ to receipt = ! c\pons & also promise to pay = !m at next pay day4 ,9 ?is case1 z 9 ! case ( ! c\pon books1 su* practice m]ely adds unnecess>y "w & s]ves no useful purpose4 ,on pay-day1 we %\ld h to h&le "o su* /ub = e doll>'s wor? ( c\pons t ea* soldi] _h drawn2 ea* ( ^! /ubs or c>ds w\ld !n h to be /amp$ 8,paid0 & return$ to ! soldi]4 ,?is is n an effici5t me?od4 ,:i*ev] /yle ( c\pon is decid$ ^u = use %\ld be pr9t$ on /ock ( v>i\s colors & c\pons ( "o color only %\ld be issu$ until x is desirable to h a *eck on our out/&+ c\pons4 7,( c\rse1 if ! books are us$1 x w be necess>y to h ! #e;c & ! #aj;c c\pons ( diff]5t colors47 ,! color %\ld !n be %ift$ & :5 c\pons ( ! old color cease appe>+1 we c arrive at an approximate *eck on our out/&+ c\pon acc\nt4 ,we say 8approximate0 because x sometimes happ5s t a man puts away a :ole or a p>tially us$ book 9 a g>m5t & ?us inadv]t5tly retires x f circulation = a space ( "t t may /ret* into mon?s4 ,( c\rse1 ?is c\ld be prev5t$ by issu+ a notice t all c\pons mu/ be pres5t$ be=e a c]ta9 "t1 & t aft] t "t1 no c\pons ( ! old colors w\ld be accept$4 ,?is w\ld give u a fre% />t+ po9t z reg>ds our out/&+ c\pons1 b su* a proce$+ %\ld be resort$ to only "u ! mo/ s]i\s circum/ances1 because x sav\rs some:at ( a p]son refus+ paym5t on a draft4 ,:51 h[ev]1 !re is good reason to believe t our ,c\pons ,out/&+ acc\nt is incorrect1 su* a /ep %\ld be tak5 imm$iately1 z x is ab\t ! only practical way 9 :i* we c correct ! acc\nt--a v important "o4 ,regulations ,conc]n+ ,c\pons4 ,be=e expla9+ at l5g? ! sy/em ( h&l+ c\pon sales advocat$ h]e91 x may be well to exam9e ! regulations ) :i* we mu/ comply4 ,fir/1 comes p>4 #ae1 ,g4 ,o4 #agf1 ,w4 ,d41 #aiji1 :i* reads z foll[s3-- 8#ae4 ,sales on ,cr$it4 ,:5 ! comm&+ (fic] & c\ncil are agre$ t x is to ! true int]e/ ( ! comm&1 ! =m] may au?orize a cr$it at ! ex*ange to any soldi] 9 good /&+ to an am\nt n exce$+ 9 any "o mon? "o-?ird ( 8 mon?ly pay4 ,?is w be giv5 ^u ! reque/ ( ! soldi]1 9 writ+1 approv$ by 8 company comm&]1 & ^! cr$it *ecks w be c>ri$ on ! acc\nts ( ! ex*ange z 8bills receivable0 until paid4 ,soldi]s grant$ cr$it w be di/9ctly in=m$ t !y mu/ make prompt & unsolicit$ paym5t to ! ex*ange (fic] on next pay day4 ,default]s w be deb>r$ ! privileges ( ! ex*ange & are liable to trial & puni%m5t4 ,x is ! duty ( ! soldi] :o has be5 giv5 cr$it to pay ! am\nt z soon z he receives 8 pay1 & ! ex*ange (fic] w be pres5t at ! place ( paym5t to receive ! money or make su* arrangem5ts z w facilitate ! paym5t4 ,cr$it w n ord9>ily be ext5d$ to a soldi] betwe5 ! date ( la/ paym5t on rolls be=e dis*>ge & ! date ( dis*>ge4 ,:5 ! debt has rema9$ unpaid "o pay day on :i* ! soldi] 0 paid a balance suffici5t to dis*>ge su* debt & no o!r means ( collection is practicable1 ! ex*ange (fic] w notify ! company or deta*m5t comm&]1 :o w note ! am\nt on ! next pay rolls z 8,due ,po/ ,ex*ange ---- ----0 & on succe$+ rolls until ! debt has be5 collect$1 or until x is app>5t t x c n be collect$1 :5 ! cr$it *eck w be turn$ ov] to ! company or deta*m5t 9 lieu ( s mu* ca% at ! next di/ribution ( pr(its z provid$ 9 p>agraph #ag40 ,9 ! op9ion ( _m1 x is un=tunate t an arbitr>y limitation ( cr$it has be5 fix$ z %[n 9 ! fir/ s5t5ce ( ! above quot$ p>agraph1 z x t5ds to "w a h>d%ip ^u "s ( our mo/ valuable soldi]s4 ,mo/ ( our old] non-commission$ (fic]s & ,n4 ,c4 /aff (fic]s are m>ri$ & sp5d mo/ ( _! pay = articles t are c>ri$ 9 /ock by well equipp$ ,ex*anges1 su* z meats1 groc]ies1 etc4 ,x is n always conv5i5t or ev5 possible = !m to pay ca% = pur*ases1 & !re is no d\bt t !y w\ld d a mu* l>g] bus9ess ) ! ,ex*ange if great] cr$it 7 all[$ !m4 ,x is a well e/abli%$ cu/om to ext5d reasonable cr$it to all commission$ (fic]s2 x w\ld seem b j to ext5d a proportionate am\nt ( cr$it to su* ,n4,c4,o4's z might be v\*$ = by _! respective organization comm&]s4 ,x is hop$ t ?is limitation may be modifi$1 b until t occurs1 ! ,ex*ange ,(fic] has no discretion 9 ! matt] & %\ld be c>eful to avoid any infraction ( ! g5]al rule4 ,! second s5t5ce ( p>4 #ae also m]its m ?an a pass+ glance4 ,x requires a previ\s reque/ 89 writ+0 by ! soldi] be=e cr$it c\pons c be issu$ him1 & ! reque/ mu/ be approv$ by 8 company comm&]4 ,x is n specifically /at$ t ?is reque/ mu/ be r5ew$ e mon?1 nor is ! writ] aw>e t ?is po9t has ev] be5 decid$4 ,we may1 !re=e1 assume1 :5 any man has once made ?is writt5 reque/1 t cr$it to ! am\nt ( "o-?ird ( 8 mon?ly pay be ext5d$ to him1 t he ne$ n =mally r5ew ?is reque/ mon?ly4 ,%\ld ?is int]pretation prove fallaci\s1 we mu/ h ! consolidat$ reque/ 7,=m #be1 to be describ$ h]eaft]7 sign$ by ! m5 mon?ly4 ,if ?is is done1 ! li/ %\ld be sign$ at ! same "t z ! pay rolls1 to save tr\ble = ! m54 ,x is f\nd t :5 !re is an unnecess>y am\nt ( 8r$ tape0 connect$ ) ! op]ation ( secur+ cr$it c\pons1 ! m5 w 7p]haps unconsci\sly7 t5d to %un ! process1 ) consequ5t loss ( bus9ess to ! ,ex*ange4 ,!re is e reason :y we %\ld make x z easy z possible = ev]ybody to transact bus9ess ) ! ,ex*ange & any unnecess>y /umbl+ blocks %\ld be c>efully se>*$ out & remov$4 ,! ,ex*ange %\ld be run on ! same g5]al pr9ciples :i* gov]n a civilian /ore1 & if ! latt] subject$ its cu/om]s to petty annoyances ( any k9d1 x w\ld soon be driv5 out ( bus9ess by lack ( trade4 ,return+ to p>agraph #ae1 x might be rem>k$ t p]haps ! be/ way 9 :i* ! m5 c be 8di/9ctly in=m$ t !y mu/ make prompt & unsolicit$ paym5t01 is by incorporat+ ?is /atem5t on ! receipt :i* !y sign :5 ! c\pons are issu$ to !m4 ,beside ! o!r matt] conta9$ 9 p>4 #ae1 we %\ld note p>4 #ac & p>4 #ad 7c7 & 7e7 ( ! same ord]4 ,!y read z foll[s3-- 8#ac4 ,*ecks or ,c\pons4 ,! use ( *ecks or c\pons repres5t+ values1 & ex*angeable = m]*&ise or o!r *>ges at ! ex*ange1 is enc\rag$ m]ely2 b c>e %\ld be tak5 t ^! *ecks are n dispos$ ( to unau?oriz$ p]sons1 & to provide aga9/ ?is1 !y %\ld nev] be r$eem$ 9 ca%4 ,:5 p]mitt$ by ! comm&+ (fic]1 !y %\ld be sold by ! ex*ange (fic] & reg>d$ z a liability until r$eem$4 8,! c\pon-book sy/em ( ext5d+ cr$it to enli/$ m5 w be us$ by all ex*anges conduct$ at po/s :]e m ?an two organizations are /ation$1 except at tempor>y /ations & at places :]e conditions ( s]vice h made x impracticable to procure ! c\pon books4 8,^! c\pon books w be> ! "n ( ! enli/$ man to :om issu$ & w be honor$ at ! ex*ange only :5 pres5t$ by ! enli/$ man ^: "n appe>s on ! book40 8#ad 7c74 ,bills ,receivable 7,enli/$ ,m574--,to %[ ! value ( *ecks issu$ to enli/$ m51 & ! am\nt ( ca% receiv$ f !m 9 paym5t ( _! due bills4 ,:5 *ecks are issu$1 ! entry w be #8,ca%1 ,dr4 to ,bills ,receivable4' ,! diff]5ce betwe5 ! two sides ( ! acc\nt w %[ ! am\nt ( due bills on h& unpaid40 7,p>4 ,,ii1 ,g4 ,o4 #bja_/ji47 8#ad 7e74 ,*eck ,acc\nt4--,to %[ ! am\nt ( *ecks out/&+4 ,:5 ! *ecks are issu$1 ?is acc\nt w be cr$it$ z above1 ?us1 #8,bills ,receivable1 ,dr4 to ,*ecks4' ,! am\nt ( *ecks receiv$ ea* day = m]*&ise w be *>g$ to ! acc\nt1 ?us1 #8,*ecks1 ,dr4 to ,m]*&ise4' ,! diff]5ce betwe5 ! two sides w %[ ! am\nt ( *ecks out/&+40 ,note t ! out/&+ c\pons are a liability1 z !y may be pres5t$ z a claim aga9/ ! ,ex*ange at any "t4 ,( c\rse1 ! receipts :i* ! m5 h giv5 u = ^! c\pons1 9 o!r words1 _! notes promis+ to pay u = ! c\pons1 are an asset & %\ld be c>ri$ "u ,bills ,receivable4 ,"s ,ex*anges call su* assets 8,bills ,receivable1 ,cr$it ,c\pons01 ?us diff]5tiat+ !m f su* z ,bills ,receivable1 ,*>ge ,acc\nts or ,bills ,receivable1 ,laundry ,c\pons4 ,p>agraph #ad 7c7 & 7e7 translat$ into non-te*nical language simply means t :5 we issue c\pon books ( a c]ta9 value to ! m51 we mu/ ent] ?is am\nt on ! left h& or debit side ( our 8,bills ,receivable0 acc\nt 9 ! ,l$g]1 ?us *>g+ up 8,mr4 ,bills ,receivable01 z x is sometimes expla9$1 ) a c]ta9 am\nt = :i* he mu/ acc\nt4 ,n[1 z ! ,l$g] is to be kept accord+ to ! d\ble entry sy/em1 we mu/ obey ! fundam5tal pr9ciple ( ?is sy/em1 :i* is1 8= e acc\nt t is *>g$ 7debit$7 a c]ta9 am\nt we mu/ cr$it "s o!r acc\nt ) ! same am\nt01 h5ce ! "n1 d\ble entry4 ,9 view ( ^! facts1 !re=e1 we turn to our ,*eck ,acc\nt--or ,out/&+ ,c\pons1 if y pref] to call x s1 & cr$it ?is acc\nt ) ! same am\nt t we *>g$ aga9/ ,bills ,receivable4 ,:5 we receive ! ca% = ! m5's notes at pay day1 we cr$it 8,mr4 ,bills ,receivable0 ) ! am\nt tak5 91 ?us cle>+ him ( ?is am\nt & mak+ him no long] responsible = x4 ,we h previ\sly1 ( c\rse1 ent]$ ?is am\nt on ! debit side ( ! ,ca% ,book1 = ! same reason not$ above4 ,:5 ! c\pons are pres5t$ by ! m5 9 paym5t = articles pur*as$ by !m1 we cr$it 8,m]*&ise0 7or ! prop] dep>tm5t ( ! ,ex*ange1 if dep>tm5ts are us$7 ) ! am\nt tak5 94 ,?is1 = ! reason t said dep>tm5t is no long] acc\ntable = t am\nt ( m]*&ise2 we mu/1 !re=e cr$it t dep>tm5t ) ! prop] am\nt & *>ge or debit x aga9/ ! out/&+ c\pon or ,*eck acc\nt4 ,x mu/ be rememb]$ t out/&+ c\pons are a liability aga9/ u & are 9 ! nature ( bills payable--except t !y are payable only 9 m]*&ise4 ,h5ce1 if we consid] ?is acc\nt z a liv+ p]son--"o ( our cr$itors--x w appe> m logical :5 we place to 8 cr$it ev]y?+ we owe him1 i4 e41 ! c\pons we h giv5 him1 & to *>ge him ! value ( ! m]*&ise he has obta9$ f u 9 return4 ,! above prolix explanation w s\nd pu]ile to an exp]i5c$ acc\ntant2 x is n writt5 = him1 b = ! inexp]i5c$ man ) little or no k ( sci5tific book-keep+1 :o is try+ to "w ?is sy/em or "o l x4 ,! writ] kn[s f bitt] exp]i5ce h[ h>d x is to avoid "s ( ! unexpect$ pit-falls ( d\ble entry4 ,n[ we are 9 a position to describe ! mann] ( h&l+ our c\pon sales1 />t+ f ! v beg9n+4 ,issu+ ,c\pons4 ,illu/ration3 ,figure #ae4 7,r$uc$ 9 size7 ,! fir/ ?+ to be done is to h ! v>i\s organizations submit _! li/s ( m5 :o are entitl$ to cr$it at ! ,ex*ange4 ,?is is usually done a few days aft] pay day1 x be+ ! excell5t cu/om 9 mo/ ,ex*anges to issue no c\pons until ab\t five days aft]1 9 ord] to attract "s ( ! ca% t is apt to be pl5tiful = only a few days4 ,"o ( ! be/ =ms = su* a li/ kn[n to ! writ] is ,=m #be1 %[n 9 ,fig4 #ae4 ,x measures #i #bj in*es & may be pun*$ to fit a loose leaf file4 ,x is fa9t rul$ horizontally six l9es to ! in* 9 ord] to fit typewrit] spac+4 ,! l5g? ( ?is =m enables a :ole company ( #aaj m5 to be ent]$ on its face1 )\t resort+ to ! necessity ( turn+ a page4 ,9 g>risons :]e ! organizations are uni=mly small]1 ! l5g? ( ! =m c be correspond+ly r$uc$4 ,ea* organization fills out "o ( ^! %eets on a typewrit]1 ent]+ ! names ( ! m5 9 pay roll ord] 9 column #c4 ,9 column #b is ent]$ ! rank ( ea* man1 & 9 column #d is ent]$ ! am\nt ( cr$it he desires1 :i* mu/ n exce$ "o-?ird ( 8 pay4 ,! m5 sign _! names 9 column #a & 9 space ,a is pr9t$ ! /atem5t to :i* !y subscribe--t !y reque/ cr$it to ! am\nt ( "o-?ird ( _! pay & t !y promise to pay = _! c\pons on ! pay day aft] draw+ same1 etc4 ,?is li/ is !n s5t to ! ,ex*ange at ! regul> "t1 pref]ably a day or two be=e c\pons are to be issu$4 ,!re is a po9t 9 ?is connection t sometimes causes tr\ble1 due to ! fact t pay day nev] comes on ! fir/ ( ! mon?4 ,!re are two ways ( h&l+ ! situation4 ,! fir/ is to h ! companies submit _! li/s to ! ,ex*ange on ! fir/ ( ! mon? & ! ,ex*ange issue c\pons on ?is au?ority until ! la/ ( ! same mon? ) ! exception ( ! five days aft] pay day1 dur+ :i* "t1 no c\pons are issu$4 ,! m5 pay = ! c\pons on ! pay day :i* occurs 9 ! succe$+ mon?4 ,! pr9cipal objection to ?is me?od is t if a man draws 8 full all[ance ( c\pons on or ne> ! fir/ ( e mon?1 he w\ld1 if he des]t$ a few days be=e pay day1 cause ! ,ex*ange a loss ( twice 8 mon?ly all[ance4 ,! second way ( proce$+ obviates ?is defect3 x consi/s 9 hav+ ! companies submit _! li/s a few days aft] ea* pay day4 ,! ,ex*ange issues c\pons on ?is au?ority & all ( ^! c\pons are suppos$ to be paid on ! pay day :i* w9ds up ?is p]iod4 ,!re=e1 x is se5 t ! ,ex*ange runs a small] *ance ( loss1 or r1 ! *ances are t ! loss w be small]4 ,illu/ration3 ,figure #af1 ,actual size ,^u receiv+ ^! li/s1 ! c\pon cl]k at ! ,ex*ange takes a supply ( ,=m #ai1 %[n 9 ,fig4 #af1 & ent]s ! names ( ! m5 at ! top ( ^! c>ds1 "o c>d = ea* man :o is entitl$ to cr$it4 ,?is "w c be done at odd mom5ts dur+ ! mon?4 ,x is also a good plan to ent] ! am\nt ( cr$it to :i* ! man is entitl$4 ,?is data %\ld be ent]$ at ! v top ( ! c>d :]e x w cat* ! eye4 ,^! c>ds are #c #e in*es1 specially pr9t$2 !y fit into ! fil+ cab9et1 to be describ$ lat]4 ,"o /&>d draw] #ae in*es long w hold en\gh c>ds to take c>e ( a six company po/4 ,! c>ds %\ld be ( fairly good writ+ /ock1 b no ?ick] ?an is necess>y to insure ease ( h&l+4 ,!y c be obta9$ f any job pr9t]1 b c>e %\ld be ex]cis$ t !y measure precisely #c #e in*es1 o!rwise1 !y w prove v tr\blesome to run ov] rapidly 9 ! draw]1 because "s w be l>g] ?an o!rs4 ,pla9 c>ds ( ?is size c be b\ght at #a4ej p] ?\s& f regul> deal]s4 ,all c>ds p]ta9+ to any "o company are beh9d an index c>d be>+ on its tab ! designation ( t company4 ,x is also a conv5i5ce to h a set ( alphabetical guides = ea* company1 z !y facilitate f9d+ & fil+ ! c>ds4 ,aft] any ( ^! c>ds receives a record1 x is highly important t x n be lo/ or /ol51 s ! draw] conta9+ !m %\ld be lock$ except :5 actually 9 use4 ,:5 any man applies = c\pon books at ! ,ex*ange1 he signs 8 "n 9 ! space provid$ on ! c>d1 ! cl]k adds 8 own initials z witness1 /amps 9 ! date & ent]s 9 ink or indelible p5cil 7or pref]ably by means ( a rubb] /amp7 ! am\nt ( ! c\pons issu$4 ,if ! cl]k does n recognize ! man1 he comp>es 8 signature ) ! same man's signature on ,=m #be1 :i* he %\ld h ne> him = ?is purpose & to see t ! man does n ov]draw 8 all[ance4 ,he also requires ! man to sign 8 "n on ! /ub ( ! c\pon slip or ! cov] ( ! c\pon book issu$4 ,9 addition1 ! cl]k %\ld h at h& a /rip ( pap] on :i* he has ent]$ 9 rotation along ! left h& m>g9 ! s]ial numb]s ( ! c\pons he has on h&4 ,su* a /rip c be /ruck (f on ! add+ ma*9e4 ,z c\pons are issu$1 ! cl]k %\ld ent] opposite ea* numb]1 ! "n ( ! man to :om x 0 issu$4 ,he c d ?is :ile ! man is sign+ ! c\pons1 s no "t is wa/$4 ,9 ! ev5+1 ?is /rip is giv5 to ! ,/ew>d or ca%i] & ! total value ( c\pons issu$ is ent]$ 9 ! prop] place on ! ,/ew>d's daily report 7,=m #d1 ,fig4 #e74 ,! record ( ?is /rip is *eck$ by comp>ison ) ! numb] ( c\pons left 9 ! possession ( ! c\pon cl]k4 ,x is f\nd 9 practice t ,=m #ai conta9s suffici5t space = not+ ! transactions ( any mon?1 = v few m5 w draw c\pons z _m z six times dur+ ! mon?4 ,x w be not$ t ?is s*eme does n contemplate re/rict+ ! m5 to b "o draw+ dur+ ! mon?1 z is ! practice 9 "s places4 ,! ,ex*ange loses trade by su* me?ods1 & mu* bett] results are obta9$ by p]mitt+ ! m5 to draw :5 !y please4 ,:5 ! end ( ! mon? arrives1 ! c\pon cl]k disreg>ds x by cont9u+ to use ! same set ( c>ds "r along until #bd h\rs be=e pay day occurs4 7,x %\ld be und]/ood by ! :ole g>rison t no c\pons w be issu$ dur+ ?is "t1 9 ord] to all[ ! c\pon cl]k to "w up 8 pay table collection %eets74 ,by means ( an assi/ant1 ! c\pon cl]k transf]s ! total ( ! c\pons %[n on ea* ,=m #ai to column #aj on ,=m #be opposite ! "n ( ! man to :om t p>ticul> ,=m #ai ref]s4 ,z fractional p>ts ( a doll> are n issu$1 #e4jj c be abbreviat$ to 8#e04 ,at ! same "t1 ! c\pon cl]k reads (f ! totals ( any unpaid c>ds t h be5 c>ri$ f ! prec$+ mon?1 ^! figures be+ ent]$ 9 ! same mann] 9 columns #e1 #f or #g1 z ! case may be4 ,x w be not$ t ^! c>ds h no place = 8br\ght =w>d0 entries4 ,?is is unnecess>y labor & is !re=e omitt$4 ,x is no argum5t aga9/ su* a practice to ask :at w\ld happ5 if "o ( ! old unpaid c>ds became lo/1 because we might ask ! same "q conc]n+ ! curr5t c>ds4 ,! answ] lies 9 ! fact t ! *eck+ sy/em w take c>e ( su* cases4 ,9 ?is in/ance1 columns #e1 #f & #g are *eck$ back to ! ,=ms #be p]ta9+ to ! prec$+ mon?4 ,x w be not$ t our ,=m #be makes provision = ent]+ ,laundry *>ges & has 9 addition a sp>e blank column = su* miscellane\s collections z may be f\nd desirable4 ,! p>ticul>s ( ! ,laundry entries w be dilat$ ^u lat]4 ,:5 ! am\nts t ! v>i\s m5 ( any organization owe to ! ,ex*ange h be5 ent]$ 9 _! prop] columns1 ea* l9e is add$ across & ! totals due f ea* man ent]$ 9 ! prop] column4 ,ea* column is !n total$ on ! add+ ma*9e & ! foot+s *eck$ by comp>+ ! total ( ! total column ) ! sum ( ! totals ( ! o!r columns4 ,if !y agree1 t %eet is ready = paym5t1 & a l process is in/itut$ ) ! o!r %eets4 ,^! %eets & ! ,=ms #ai are ! only pap]s t ne$ be tak5 to ! pay table4 ,pay ,table ,proc$ure4 ,x may be j z well to discuss ?is po9t "h1 because x is relat$ to our c\pon sales m closely ?an to any?+ else4 ,! fir/ ?+ to d is to make sure !re is available a pl5tiful supply ( *ange4 ,:]e !re is no bank conv5i5t to ! po/ & ! m5 receive _! money f a payma/]1 he w sometimes agree to br+ ) him an am\nt ( *ange suffici5t = ! ne$s ( ! ,po/ ,ex*ange1 b if !re is a bank available1 we %\ld hesitate be=e impos+ ^u ! good nature ( ! payma/] to ?is ext5t4 ,x is a great conv5i5ce to ! m5 to h _! t5 doll> bills 8*ang$01 & no ,po/ ,ex*ange %\ld demur :5 ! m5 (f] su* bills 9 paym5t ( _! debts4 ,we mu/ always rememb] t ! pr9cipal reason :y ! ,ex*ange exi/s is to be a conv5i5ce to ! enli/$ man4 ,!re %\ld be ?ree p]sons at ! ,ex*ange table on pay days2 ! ,ex*ange ,(fic] to p]sonally receive ! ca% & make *ange1 ! ,/ew>d or book-keep] to read f ,=ms #be ! am\nt ea* man owes1 & a cl]k to *eck ?is read+ ) ! m5's notes 7,=m #ai71 cancel !m & deliv] same to ! m54 ,a non-commission$ (fic] ( ! organization be+ paid is /ation$ beside ! ,/ew>d to id5tify ! m54 ,he calls to ! ,/ew>d ! names ( ! m5 z !y come up1 ! ,/ew>d calls (f ! am\nt t ea* man owes1 ! latt] gives ! money to ! ,ex*ange ,(fic]4 ,! cl]k has mean:ile *eck$ ! total am\nt cov]$ by ,=m #ai ) ! am\nt read (f by ! ,/ew>d1 /amp$ ! c>d 8,paid0 & plac$ x 9 front ( ! ,ex*ange ,(fic] = 8 inspection4 ,! latt] !n gives ! c>d to ! man ) 8 *ange & ! incid5t is clos$4 ,x is usually f\nd advisable to h a select$ non-commission$ (fic] detail$ to see t all m5 report at ! ,ex*ange table4 ,aft] paym5t is f9i%$1 ! cl]k %\ld total ! value ( ! c>ds he /ill holds = ea* organization & subtract x f ! total %[n by ! prop] ,=m #be4 ,! sum ( all ^! rema9d]s %\ld equal ! am\nt ( ca% actually tak5 9 at ! ,ex*ange table4 ,?is *eck %\ld always be made1 & at ! e>lie/ possible mom5t4 ,x sometimes happ5s t a man pays = 8 c\pons be=e pay day2 he may h be5 dis*>g$ or transf]r$1 etc4 ,9 su* a case ?is fact %\ld be /amp$ on ,=m #be & ! total ( su* am\nts d$uct$ at ! bottom ( ! %eet be=e go+ to ! pay table4 ,! am\nt ( su* paym5ts %\ld also be ent]$ on ! debit side ( ! ,ca% ,book z 8,pvt4 ,jones1 ,co4 ,a1 444 #c4jj 444 #c4jj01 ! sums com+ "u ! net ca% & ! cr$it c\pons columns respectively4 ,if he also paid #a4dj = laundry "w done1 ?is entry w\ld be 8,pvt4 ,jones1 ,co4 ,a1 444 #d4dj 444 #c4jj 444 #a4dj01 ! sums com+ "u net ca%1 cr$it c\pons & laundry c\pons respectively4 ,! am\nts collect$ at ! pay table are ent]$ 9 ! ,ca% ,book 9 ! same way1 all on "o l9e4 ,at ! end ( ! mon? or :5 ! books are clos$1 ! total ( ! cr$it c\pons column is po/$ z a lump sum to ! cr$it ( ! ,bills ,receivable4 ,cr$it ,c\pons acc\nt 9 ! ,l$g] & ! ,laundry collections are h&l$ 9 ! same way4 ,hav+ trac$ ?is bran* ( ! c\pon bus9ess to its end1 let u retrace our /eps & foll[ ano!r bran* until we come to ! same goal1 ! ,l$g]4 ,c\pon ,sales4 ,:5 ! m5 receive _! c\pons1 !y use !m = pur*as+ articles f ! ,ex*ange4 ,! cl]k mak+ a c\pon sale %\ld id5tify ! man mak+ ! pur*ase & make sure he is us+ 8 own c\pons4 ,he %\ld also satisfy himself t !re is no fraud1 =g]y1 etc41 connect$ ) ! c\pons4 ,^! two op]ations are ord9>ily in/antane\s1 requir+ no wa/e ( "t :atev]4 ,! cl]k !n gives ! pur*as] ! desir$ articles1 te>s (f a correspond+ value 9 c\pons & drops !m 9 8 private draw] or comp>tm5t1 mean:ile r++ up ! sale on ! ca% regi/] & giv+ ! pur*as] ! receipt pr9t$ by ! regi/]4 ,illu/ration3 ,figure #ag1 7,r$uc$ 9 size7 ,aft] ! day's "w is ov]1 ea* cl]k h&les 8 c\pon sales 9 ! same mann] z previ\sly describ$ = *>ge sales1 & !y are *eck$ by ! ,/ew>d z be=e4 ,! latt] ent]s on 8 ,=m #d1 7,fig4 #e7 ! am\nt ( c\pon sales made by ea* cl]k1 also1 ! total am\nt ( c\pons issu$ dur+ ! day4 ,all ^! c\pon transactions = any "o day are !n ent]$ on a s+le l9e ( ,=m #bf 7,fig4 #ag7 :i* is ! same z t us$ = ,=m #g4 ,z w be not$ f an inspection ( ! cut1 ! c\pons issu$ are ent]$ 9 column ,a & ! total receipts f all dep>tm5ts are ent]$ 9 column ,b4 ,^! receipts are di/ribut$ among ! dep>tm5t z %[n1 ! value c>ri$ 9 column ,b equall+ ! sum ( ! am\nts c>ri$ 9 ! columns to ! "r4 ,ea* ,=m #bf ref]s solely to "o mon?'s transactions1 !re are no 8br\ght =w>d0 items4 ,at ! end ( ! mon? or :5ev] ! books are clos$1 all ( ! columns on ?is =m are foot$ up & ! totals *eck$ across4 ,! total ( column ,a %\ld agree ) ! /rip record :i* ! c\pon cl]k has be5 keep+ z previ\sly describ$4 ,! detail$ process ( *eck+ ?is acc\nt w be describ$ lat]1 b x is evid5t t if ! ,/ew>d has made out 8 daily reports 7,=m #d7 correctly1 & correctly copi$ ! c\pon records to ,=m #bf1 !re c be no error 9 ! latt] /atem5t4 ,aft] successfully )/&+ ! *eck+ process1 ! total ( column ,a is po/$ z a lump sum to ! debit side ( 8,bills ,receivable1 ,cr$it ,acc\nts0 9 ! ,l$g]1 writ+ ! entry ?us3--8,aug4 #ca ,cr$it ,c\pons #ed4jj04 ,x w be rememb]$ t we mu/ also cr$it ?is am\nt to ! ,out/&+ ,c\pon acc\nt4 ,we n[ transf] ! total ( ! ,/ore column to ! ,/ore ,acc\nt 9 our ,l$g]1 ent]+ on ! "r h& or cr$it side1 8,aug4 #ca ,c\pon sales #h4ae04 ,we proce$ 9 l mann] ) our o!r dep>tm5ts4 ,! total ( column ,b mu/1 ( c\rse1 be *>g$ 7debit$7 aga9/ ! ,out/&+ ,c\pon acc\nt 9 ! ,l$g]4 ,a summ>y ( all ^! op]ations is %[n graphically 9 ,fig4 #ah4 ,! solid l9es %[ h[ a record is c>ri$ ?r\gh ! books until x arrives at ! ,l$g]4 ,! dott$ l9es %[ ! v>i\s *eck+ op]ations t are possible4 ,att5tion is especially invit$ to *eck+ ,=ms #be & #bf aga9/ ea* o!r4 ,illu/ration3 ,figure #ah4 ,9 leav+ ! subject1 x is deem$ prop] to /ate t ! ,ex*ange ,(fic] %\ld keep a s+le entry record ( all unus$ c\pons on h&4 ,:5 !y are fir/ receiv$ f ! pr9t]1 he %\ld c>efully *eck !m 9 p]son & see t !y are safely /or$4 ,8 record ( !m %\ld %[ ! numb]s & colors ( ! c\pons & exactly h[ _m ( ! v>i\s colors he has on h& at any "t4 ,c\pons %\ld be issu$ at a fix$ "t daily1 & ! ,ex*ange ,(fic] %\ld see to x t ! m5 are nev] disappo9t$1 b are always able to secure _! c\pons at ! specifi$ "t4 ,,/ock ,,records4 ,9 ,g5]al4 ,"o ( ! mo/ important po9ts connect$ ) ! runn+ ( any /ore1 is t ref]r+ to ! mann] 9 :i* ! records ( ! /ock are kept4 ,9 mo/ ,ex*anges1 ! /ock records are n good2 usually1 because a clumsy or ineffici5t sy/em ( records is 9 =ce4 ,an endeavor w be made 9 ! description to be giv5 h]eaft] to set =? a sy/em :]eby misuse ( /ock w be prev5t$ & an accurate e/imate ( ! pr(its made by ea* dep>tm5t w be possible4 ,! objection may be made to ?is sy/em t 9 a l>ge ex*ange x w\ld require ! s]vices ( "o cl]k to keep ! /ock records alone1 b :5 we realize t an ineffici5t /ock record c & usually does result 9 losses t are sometimes mu* great] 9 value ?an ?is cl]k's wages1 we see ! futility ( su* an argum5t4 ,x is useless to try to avoid ! conclusion t we mu/ keep accurate track ( our m]*&ise4 ,9 an ex*ange at1 say1 a #e-;company po/1 x is economy to pay "o man #ajj4jj p] mon? or ev5 m1 to take exclusive *>ge ( ! /ock records4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 x is ess5tial to make cle> 9 ! m9ds ( ! ,ex*ange au?orities ! diff]5ce betwe5 a /ock room & a /ore room4 ,! =m] is = /or+ m]*&ise t is b\ght 9 l>ge quantities & w n be ne$$ 9 ! v>i\s dep>tm5ts = "s "t4 ,! m]*&ise 9 ! /ock room is *>g$ to x on ! ,/ock ,records until x is ne$$ 9 "o ( ! dep>tm5ts :5 x is s5t to & its value *>g$ aga9/ t dep>tm5t & cr$it$ to ! /ock room4 ,a /ore room 9 ! s5se n[ consid]$ is a place 9 :i* we may /ore ! m]*&ise belong+ to & already *>g$ aga9/ any dep>tm5t4 ,?is 8place0 may be b a corn] or a %elf 9 ! /ock room or any o!r room4 ,z a g5]al rule1 x is be/ to *>ge m]*&ise direct to ! prop] dep>tm5t1 z x saves "t & "w4 ,!n1 if ! dep>tm5t conc]n$ f9ds t x is inconv5i5t to keep ?is m]*&ise on its c\nt]s or %elves1 x c transf] "s ( x to ! prop] /ore room until ne$$4 ,bo? ! /ock room & ! /ore rooms %\ld be "u ! jurisdiction ( ! /ock cl]k1 ! =m] exclusively s4 ,effici5t locks %\ld be provid$ = ^! rooms & he or 8 ag5t %\ld be ! only p]sons au?oriz$ to h&le ! /ock !re94 ,! /ock record is simply a /ock l$g] 9 :i* we keep accurate acc\nt ( ! numb]s ( articles acquir$ & disp5s$4 ,if practicable1 x %\ld %[ at all times ! exact numb] ( ea* article t we h on h&4 ,su* a record is sometimes call$ a 8,p]petual ,inv5tory04 ,x w\ld n be practicable 9 ! usual case = u to keep su* a record 9 po/ ex*ange bus9ess = ! reason t x w\ld be extravagant = u to record ea* ca% or c\pon sale made dur+ ! day4 ,= example1 dur+ c]ta9 days ( ! mon?1 su* z pay day & ! fir/ day ^u :i* c\pons are issu$1 x is manife/ly impracticable = u to make out a sales slip = ea* ca% or c\pon pur*ase because !re are s _m five & t5 c5t pur*ases t ! co/ 9 "t & labor involv$ 9 su* a me?od w\ld outweigh ! advantages ga9$4 ,if ! av]age sale am\nt$ to a doll> or s1 x might pay u to use sales slips simil> to ^? us$ 9 record+ our *>ge sales4 ,!re=e1 mo/ ,ex*anges d n require ca% or c\pon sales to be record$ except on ! ca% regi/]4 ,h5ce1 !re is no itemiz$ record ( ! m]*&ise t is sold dur+ ! day = ca% or = c\pons1 :i* 9 turn makes x impossible to keep a p]petual inv5tory4 ,! result is t an inv5tory mu/ be tak5 at lea/ once a mon?4 ,if we n[ take su* an inv5tory & calculate ! sell+ price ( all ! goods f\nd1 ! result w repres5t ! receipts ea* dep>tm5t %\ld turn 9 if !y sold out all ( _! /ock4 ,if we keep add+ to ?is am\nt ! sell+ price ( all m]*&ise t we receive = & issue to ! dep>tm5ts = sale1 & d$uct ! sell+ price ( all articles :i* ea* dep>tm5t turns 9 to ! /ock room1 we %all h1 at ! end ( ! mon?1 figures :i* repres5t ! receipts :i* %\ld be turn$ 9 if ea* dep>tm5t 7 to 8sell out04 ,by subtract+ f ^! am\nts ! actual receipts turn$ 9 dur+ ! mon?1 we f9d ! sell+ price ( ! articles :i* %\ld be on h& at ! end ( ! mon?4 ,by tak+ an inv5tory at ! end ( ! mon? & figur+ out ! sell+ value ( ! articles actually f\nd1 we c *eck ! op]ations ( our v>i\s dep>tm5ts4 ,if !re is any great discrepancy1 x w\ld %[ t our cl]ks are1 9 effect1 tak+ articles f our %elves & ! ,ex*ange is n gett+ ! b5efit ( its sales4 ,x is n to be expect$ t ^! am\nts w agree to ! c5t4 ,n[ if !re is b "o cl]k 9 any dep>tm5t1 x is easy to fa/5 ! responsibility = any %ortage1 b :]e !re are sev]al1 special /eps mu/ be tak5 9 ord] to d ?is4 ,suppose we h f\r cl]ks 9 ! /ore dep>tm5t2 if !y sell f ! v>i\s %elves indiscrim9ately1 or if "o or m ( !m are sometimes away on duty1 x w\ld be manife/ly unju/ to hold any p>ticul> cl]k or ev5 all ( !m responsible = any %ortages :i* might occur4 ,! only solution lies 9 sub-divid+ ! /ore into sections1 putt+ "o cl]k 9 sole *>ge ( ea* & all[ no cl]k to t\* ! /ock 9 ano!r man's section4 ,9 case a cl]k 9 unavoidably abs5t1 an inv5tory ( 8 section c be made 9 a few m9utes1 &1 if ! results at ! end ( ! mon? %[ x to be desirable1 *eck$ aga9/ ! sales he _h made4 ,9 ?is way1 bo? ! cl]k & ! ,ex*ange are protect$4 ,a 8rov+0 cl]k or ! ,/ew>d c take ! place ( ! abs5tee 9 case ( necessity4 ,heavy sell]s l tobacco & ! l c be plac$ 9 ! sections ( two or m cl]ks1 ?us tak+ c>e ( pay day ru%es4 ,unless "s su* s*eme is adopt$ x w be absolutely impossible to fix ! responsibility = any loss ! ,ex*ange may incur4 ,^? dep>tm5ts :i* are1 9 effect1 8manufactur+0 dep>tm5ts1 su* z ! lun* room1 meat m>ket1 etc41 also require special treatm5t1 especially 9 ! matt] ( figur+ ! sell+ price ( m]*&ise issu$ to !m4 ,x goes )\t say+ t ! hone/y ( ! /ock cl]k mu/ be above suspicion4 ,9 case a civilian is employ$1 x is good policy--9 fact1 x %\ld be consid]$ imp]ative t he be requir$ to execute a bond = ! fai?ful p]=mance ( 8 duties4 ,) ! above g5]al explanation ( ! broad pr9ciples ( ?is p>ticul> sy/em1 we are n[ prep>$ to discuss x m 9 detail4 ,x seems g5]ally conc$$ t ! /ock records c be kept mo/ easily1 *eaply & effici5tly by means ( ! c>d index sy/em4 ,! pres5t regulations1 previ\sly cit$1 specify an 8inv5tory book01 & inspectors are prone to int]pret ! regulations lit]ally4 ,x makes little diff]5ce 9 our case :i* me?od is us$1 except t ! c>d sy/em is m effici5t1 z be=e /at$4 ,! h&l+ ( ! inv5tory book requires no explanation1 s1 9 ord] to provide = ! "t 7:i* %\ld be 9 ! ne> future7 :5 ! up-to-date c>d sy/em ( inv5tory is specifically all[$ 9 regulations1 ! foll[+ description is giv54 ,x is hop$ t x w prove a conclusive answ] to ^? :o ask1 8,b suppose y lose a c>d40 ,inv5tories ( ,/ock4 ,illu/ration3 ,figure #ai1 7,r$uc$ 9 size7 ,let u />t by tak+ an inv5tory ( ! /ock we h on h& 9 ! /ock room4 ,we take a pack conta9+ a kn[n numb] ( c>ds1 pref]ably numb]$ 9 sequ5ce1 l ^? %[n 9 ,fig4 #ai1 & ent] on ! top l9e ! "n ( ea* article z we come to x2 9 ! "r upp] corn]1 ! unit 9 :i* we sell x1 :e!r p\nds1 bottles or :at n2 & at ! "r ( ! upp]mo/ data l9e1 ! numb] ( su* units t we actually f9d on h&4 ,we d ?is = ea* article 9 succession1 us+ a diff]5t c>d = ea*4 ,if we h v>i\s grades ( ! same k9d ( article 7cig>s1 = in/ance7 sell+ at diff]5t prices1 a sep>ate c>d w1 ( c\rse1 be made out = ea* diff]5t grade4 7,nev] sell ! same article at two diff]5t prices4 ,= example1 d n sell cig>s = 8#aj c5ts ea*1 #c = a qu>t]04 ,sell !m at ei!r price & put 9 a diff]5t br& ( equal quality at ! o!r price4 ,x is prop] to give r$uction on a sale ( a box ( cig>s at a "t1 b sell !m f ! /ock room 9 su* a case1 & n f ! /ore4 ,ano!r way1 p]mitt+ sale f ! dep>tm5t's %elves1 is by means ( a disc\nt slip1 :i* w be t\*$ ^u lat]4 ,! fir/ me?od1 h[ev]1 probably suits our purposes be/1 especially :5 comb9$ ) ! second47 ,! c>ds m5tion$ above %\ld be left ) ! articles to :i* !y ref] until ! inv5tory = t dep>tm5t is complete4 ,we !n look ov] ! %elves to see t !re is a c>d ) e article1 !reby prov+ t our inv5tory is complete1 a po9t ( sup]iority ov] ! book =m ( inv5tory4 ,we !n ga!r up & c\nt ! c>ds to make sure t none are miss+4 ,! c>ds are !n fil$ alphabetically beh9d a tabb$ index c>d ref]r+ to t dep>tm5t1 or t p>ticul> section1 if ! dep>tm5t is sub-divid$4 ,?is same proc$ure is foll[$ 9 tak+ inv5tory ( m]*&ise 9 ! /ore1 lun* room1 etc41 except t a diff]5t color$ c>d is us$ = ea* dep>tm5t4 ,all sections ( ! same dep>tm5t use c>ds ( ! same color4 ,z ea* dep>tm5t w h m or less m]*&ise 9 its /ore room1 x w probably be be/ to take ! /ore room inv5tories fir/1 !n take ! articles 9 ! sales rooms4 ,ent] p>tial totals 9 p5cil & ! total 9 ink or indelible p5cil on ! fir/ l9e "u ! head+1 8,on ,h&01 ! date be+ ent]$ at ! left4 ,! numb] on h&1 multipli$ by ! unit co/ & sell+ prices1 respectively1 w give ! total co/ & ! total sell+ price ( all ! articles on t c>d4 ,= ?is purpose1 ! unit co/ & sell+ prices are ent]$ at ! upp] left h& corn] ( ea* c>d4 ,! total co/ prices are us$ 9 our inv5tories %[n on our mon?ly /atem5t1 & ! total sell+ prices are us$ 9 our /ock records only4 ,9 l>ge ex*anges1 ^! c>ds are n us$ aga9 until ! next inv5tory is tak51 s x is se5 t !y w la/ = sev]al mon?s4 ,m]*&ise ,pur*as$4 ,:5 m]*&ise arrives1 x is c>$ = z describ$ "u 8,pur*ase ,records0 & :5 ! total co/ & sell+ values ( ! goods on any invoice h be5 figur$ & transportation *>ges1 etc41 di/ribut$1 ! sell+ values are ent]$ on ,=m #ag1 %[n 9 ,fig4 #bj4 ,two copies ( ?is =m are us$ e day1 "o = co/ prices & "o = sell+ prices4 ,ea* invoice requires b "o l9e on ea* ( ^! =ms1 s "o =m is ord9>ily ample = a day's /ock transactions4 ,9 ! left h& column is ent]$ ! numb] ( ! invoice & 9 ! ,dr4 column p]ta9+ to ea* dep>tm5t is ent]$ ! sell+ price ( all articles :i* are cov]$ by t p>ticul> invoice4 ,! sum ( all ! values ent]$ 9 ! ,dr4 columns on any "o l9e %\ld !re=e equal ! sell+ price ( all articles cov]$ by ! invoice ^: numb] appe>s at ! left4 ,?is same proc$ure is foll[$ ) all invoices receiv$1 & !re=e cov]s all m]*&ise transactions4 ,x w be not$ t !re are no 8,requisitions01 prop]ly s-call$1 9 cases l ?is :]e ! incom+ goods are s5t direct to a dep>tm5t4 ,! dep>tm5t head receipts = su* goods by simply plac+ 8 "n or initials 9 ! "r h& column ( ! reta9$ copy ( our orig9al ord]4 7,see ,pur*ase ,records47 ,?is simplifi$ way ( h&l+ su* a transaction saves an enorm\s am\nt ( unnecess>y "w1 & is j z s\nd z ! ,requisition ,sy/em4 ,transf]s ,betwe5 ,dep>tm5ts4 ,illu/ration3 ,figure #bj1 7,r$uc$ 9 size7 ,?is proposition has previ\sly be5 m5tion$1 b we purpose n[ to %[ 9 detail h[ su* a transaction is effect$4 ,let u suppose t ! lun* room ne$s a ham1 & x is desir$ to pur*ase same f ! m>ket dep>tm5t4 ,assume fur!r t ! sell+ price ( ?is ham is #c4be4 ,x is evid5t t we mu/ fir/ cr$it ! m>ket ) ?is am\nt4 ,?is is done by means ( a 8turn-9-c>d01 ,=m #ab1 %[n 9 ,fig4 #ba4 ,! c>d is fill$ out z %[n1 7! "n ( ! article is n ess5tial71 is sign$ by ! /ock cl]k & is giv5 to ! head ( ! m>ket dep>tm5t z a cr$it = ! ham1 :i* is !n issu$ to ! lun* room man on a regul> requisition4 ,! requisition c>ds & ! turn-9-c>ds are precisely alike1 except t ! latt] are pr9t$ 9 r$ ink4 ,) ! exception ( ! signature1 !re=e1 ,fig4 #ba is also a reproduction ( ! requisition ^u :i* ! ham is issu$ to ! lun* room4 ,^! c>ds are ( /&>d size1 #c #e in*es1 & are ( v>i\s colors1 dep5d+ ^u ! color s*eme adopt$ z describ$ "u 8,*>ge ,sales04 ,h5ce1 we may assume t ! m>ket's turn-9 c>d 0 pr9t$ 9 r$ on a buff c>d & ! lun* room's requisition 0 pr9t$ 9 black on a salmon color$ c>d4 ,! c>ds c be b\ght *eaply ) 8horizontal rul+01 ?us cutt+ d[n "s ( ! bill = specially pr9t+ ! c>ds4 ,x co/s less to h ! turn-9 c>ds pr9t$ 9 r$ ?an x w\ld to h a special =m ( c>d pr9t$1 & !y are bett]1 besides4 ,illu/ration3 ,figure #ba ,9 issu+ ! ham to ! lun* room1 ! /ock cl]k %\ld note on ! requisition1 8,cr4 ,m>ket04 ,he !n ent]s ! transaction on ,=m #ag z %[n 9 ,fig4 #bj4 ,9 all su* transf]s1 ! sum ( ! cr$its on any l9e %\ld1 ( c\rse1 equal ! sum ( ! debits4 ,x is n ess5tial to numb] ^! requisitions & turn-9 slips because ! date /amp$ at ! top is suffici5t to enable u to id5tify any p>ticul> transaction4 ,! m>ket man w\ld h& 9 8 cr$it slip to ! ,/ew>d ) 8 daily report ( sales4 ,! /ock cl]k w\ld h& 9 ! requisition 7receipt$ by ! lun* room man7 ) 8 ,=m #ag = t day4 ,!re is /ill ano!r transaction = :i* we mu/ provide & t is ! op]ation ( return+ to our cr$itors goods :i* we h receiv$ f !m4 ,?is may arise ?r\gh "s defect 9 ! m]*&ise or ?r\gh "s o!r cause4 ,su* a transaction is h&l$ 9 exactly ! same mann] z be=e4 ,see entry opposite ,no4 #gcdc 9 ,fig4 #bj :]e we h cr$it$ ! /ore ) #g4fj4 ,! goods 7 receiv$ on ?is invoice & d$uction made on same = ?is am\nt4 ,if ?is invoice p]ta9s to an acc\nt already clos$1 we c make out an invoice ( our own1 give x any desir$ numb] & give ! /ore cr$it z be=e4 ,goods :i* are return$ to u by our cu/om]s are cr$it$ to _! acc\nts ?r\gh ! sales records z be=e describ$ & d n affect ! work+ ( ! /ock records4 ,wa/age1 breakage1 etc41 is cr$it$ to dep>tm5ts by means ( ?is same 8turn-90 c>d2 s1 also1 is disc\nt giv5 on goods sold 9 quantity1 z a box ( cig>s1 = example4 ,s9ce ! :ole op]ation ( acc\nt+ = our goods on ! basis ( sell+ price is purely = ! purpose ( protect+ our /ock1 & n = ! purpose ( calculat+ our mon?ly pr(it & loss %eets1 x is se5 t x is necess>y to make out ano!r copy ( ,=m #ag daily1 9 ord] to record ! same transf]s1 issues1 etc41 on a co/ price basis4 ,?is w be discuss$ m fully lat]1 b let x be /at$ "h t ?is "w is necessitat$ by ! rule :i* requires u to base our /atem5t ( assets1 ins(> z m]*&ise is conc]n$1 ^u ! co/ price ( same4 ,?is1 = ! reason t x is n s\nd practice to anticipate pr(its4 ,!re=e1 our inv5tories1 :5 c>ri$ z assets1 mu/ be bas$ on co/ prices1 & 9 ord] to secure a true /atem5t ( pr(its e>n$1 we mu/ record ! co/ price ( all m]*&ise t has be5 pur*as$ dur+ ! mon? & di/ribute ?is co/ prop]ly among ! dep>tm5ts4 ,at ! end ( ea* day's "w1 ! /ock cl]k signs 8 ,=m #ag = t day & fa/5s to x all invoices1 reta9$ copies ( ord]s 7accompli%$ z previ\sly describ$7 & requisitions t are ent]$ on said ,=m #ag4 ,^! pap]s are really v\*]s to ?is report & %\ld rema9 ) x until !y h be5 *eck$ aga9/ x4 ,! :ole bun* ( pap]s is h&$ 9 to ! ,/ew>d & ,=m #ag is *eck$ z soon z possible4 ,aft] ?is is complet$1 ! invoices & ! reta9$ copies ( our orig9al ord]s :i* p]ta9 to !m are h&l$ z describ$ "u ,pur*ase ,records2 _! function z a "p ( ! sy/em ( /ock records hav+ ceas$4 ,consolidat+ ,/ock ,transactions4 ,! /ock record is compos$ ( two p>ts--"o relat+ to co/ prices & ! o!r to sell+ prices4 ,9 all o!r respects1 ^! two p>ts are id5tical & are h&l$ 9 ! same way4 ,ea* 8sell+0 ,=m #ag is ent]$ on a s+le l9e ( ! 8sell+0 /ock record1 & ea* 8co/0 ,=m #ag is ab/ract$ to a s+le l9e ( ! 8co/0 /ock record4 ,"o page ( ! /ock record 7,=m #bg7 is %[n 9 ,fig4 #bb4 ,only ! left h& page is %[n2 ! o!r dep>tm5ts are suppos$ to be on a "r h& page1 confront+ ! "o %[n 9 ! cut4 ,9 cases ( dep>tm5ts :]e cr$it transf]s d n exi/1 ! ,,cr column c be omitt$1 ) a result+ sav+ 9 space4 ,*eck+ ,/ock & ,sales4 ,at ! end ( ! mon?1 or :5ev] our books are clos$1 we total ea* column on ! add+ ma*9e & ent] ^! totals on ! next blank l9e1 z %[n1 & !n1 :5 our inv5tory is tak51 ! value !re( at sell+ price is comput$ & ent]$ j bel[ ^! totals 9 ! appropriate columns1 & subtract$ f !m4 ,! rema9d]s1 x is evid5t1 %\ld equal ! total sales = ! p]iod consid]$4 ,9 ord] to comp>e ^! am\nts1 we n[ ent] ! total sales = ea* dep>tm5t 9 its prop] column & f9d ! diff]5ce betwe5 ^! figures & ^? imm$iately ov] !m1 & ent] ! discrepancies at ! foot ( ! columns4 ,^! op]ations are %[n 9 ! figure4 ,!oretically1 ! am\nts 9 ! ,,cr columns %\ld j balance ! discrepancies 9 ! ,,dr columns1 b 9 actual practice1 ?is /ate ( affairs w r>ely occur4 ,! result+ net discrepancies1 if small1 are due1 prim>ily1 to wa/age1 failure to sell exact weights1 etc4 ,if ^! discrepancies are l>ge1 ! cause !re( %\ld be promptly inve/igat$4 ,x is easily se5 t ?is s*eme p]mits u to make a *eck on any dep>tm5t at any "t by simply tak+ an inv5tory ( t dep>tm5t4 ,all o!r data t we ne$ = su* a *eck are already available1 &1 z x w\ld n take long to take an inv5tory ( a s+le dep>tm5t1 ^! *ecks %\ld af=d u a mo/ effici5t means ( keep+ track ( our dep>tm5ts4 ,x %\ld be unnecess>y to /ate t ^! *eck inv5tories %\ld be tak5 )\t w>n+1 &1 pref]ably1 by ! ,ex*ange (fic] himself4 ,if ?is sy/em ( h&l+ /ock is fai?fully c>ri$ out1 "o ( ! greate/ *ances = 8leakage0 9 ! ,po/ ,ex*ange w be absolutely prohibit$4 ,x requires "w1 b no m s ?an any o!r effici5t /ock record1 & ! results are sup]ior to ^? obta9$ f any o!r sy/em kn[n to ! writ]4 ,if any ex*ange employee objects to ! sy/em on ! gr\nd t x entails too mu* "w1 x might be safely assum$ t 8 real objection lies 9 ! sy/em's effici5cy4 ,illu/ration3 ,figure #bb1 7,r$uc$ 9 size7 ,,pur*ase ,,records4 ,9 mo/ ,ex*anges1 ! cu/om obta9s ( keep+ 9 ! l$g] a sep>ate acc\nt = ea* cr$itor1 i4 e41 ea* p]son or firm f :om goods are pur*as$4 ,?is entails an enorm\s am\nt ( "w1 & z ?is "w c be done by none b an effici5t employee1 x also entails a consid]able unnecess>y exp5se4 ,9 ! sy/em to be describ$1 ?is "w is r$uc$ to a m9imum1 & :ile ea* ( our cr$itors has 8 l$g] acc\nt1 ?is acc\nt is kept 9 su* =m z to require no duplication ( our records1 &1 at ! same "t1 to tell u at any "t exactly h[ we /& ) ea* ( our cr$itors4 ,pur*ase ,ord]s4 ,let u />t ) ! process ( ord]+ our m]*&ise4 ,?is is done on ,=m #ae1 %[n 9 ,fig4 #bc4 ,by means ( c>bon pap]1 a duplicate ( our ord] is ent]$ on ,=m #bh1 %[n 9 ,fig4 #bd4 ,! orig9al goes to our cr$itor z an ord]2 ^! ord]s are numb]$ consecutively ?r\gh\t ! ye>1 or ev5 ov] a long] space ( "t1 %\ld x be f\nd desirable4 ,=m #bh goes to ! ,receiv+ ,cl]k & is held by him on a ,%annon file until ! goods arrive4 ,he !n *ecks ! goods aga9/ ?is =m & issues !m z describ$ "u 8,/ock ,records04 ,a v>iation ( ?is me?od1 kn[n z ! 8bl9d tally01 is work$ by mak+ out a triplicate copy on ,=m #bh1 ?is copy to h ! 8quantity0 column blank1 :i* is easily effect$ by slipp+ a piece ( pap] above x to receive ! c>bon record :i* w\ld o!rwise be pr9t$ 9 t column4 ,! receiv+ cl]k !n has no idea ( ! quantities ord]$ & fills 9 ! 8quantity0 column himself4 ,a comp>ison ( ?is ) ! duplicate 7kept lock$ up 9 ! (fice7 quickly %[s u :e!r we receiv$ all ( our goods4 ,?is sy/em has brok5 up "s v obscure practices4 ,9 ei!r sy/em1 x %\ld be not$ t we ne$ n await ! arrival ( ! invoice1 unless x is desir$ to d s1 be=e issu+ goods to dep>tm5ts4 ,! columns at ! "r ( ,=m #bh are = conv5i5ce 9 calculat+ sell+ prices1 etc4 ,illu/ration3 ,figure #bc ,natural size ( %eet ab\t #h #aj in*es ,illu/ration3 ,figure #bd ,z previ\sly not$1 ! receiv+ cl]k 7or /ock cl]k1 :oev] h&les ?is "w7 h&s 9 at ! close ( bus9ess ea* day1 two copies ( ,=m #ag1 "o cov]+ ! sell+ price ( all /ock :i* has arriv$ or be5 transf]r$ dur+ ! day1 & ! o!r cov]+ ! co/ price ( same4 ,atta*$ to ^! =ms are all requisitions & receiv+ records 7,=m #bh7 cov]$ by ^! ,=ms #ag4 ,! ,/ew>d sees t ea* receiv+ record is correctly calculat$ & prop]ly ent]$ on bo? copies ( ,=m #ag4 7,he1 also1 at ?is "t1 sees t ! requisitions are prop]ly ent]$ on bo? =ms47 ,! receiv+ records are !n fil$ 9 a ,%annon draw] to await ! arrival ( invoices or = comp>ison ) !m if !y h already arriv$4 ,= conv5i5ce1 !y are fil$ beh9d alphabetical guides accord+ to ! names ( our cr$itors4 ,:5 ! invoices arrive1 !y are fil$ 9 ! same mann] & 9 ! same draw]4 ,!y w\ld1 !re=e1 naturally t5d to f9d ea* o!r4 ,be=e ! receiv+ record is s5t f ! (fice to ! receiv+ cl]k 9 ! fir/ place1 ! ord] is ent]$ 9 our ,pur*ase ,record1 :i*1 z its "n indicates1 is a *ronological record ( all our pur*ases ( m]*&ise ( :atev] sort4 ,hire ( s]vices1 ( c\rse1 is n ent]$ 9 ?is record4 ,illu/ration3 ,figure #be1 7,r$uc$ 9 size7 ,!re are v>i\s =ms 9 use = ,pur*ase ,records1 invoice ,records1 etc41 & a /udy ( sev]al ( !m leads u to advocate ! use ( ,=m #bi1 %[n 9 ,fig4 #be z be+ ! be/ suit$ to ! "w 9 h&4 ,?is is specially rul$ & pr9t$ & l mo/ ( ! o!r =ms describ$ is z well suit$ to ! ne$s ( a small ex*ange z a l>ge "o4 ,!y w co/ ab\t #ab4jj p] ?\s& & a good sub/antial b9d] = !m w co/ f #b4ge to #aa4jj1 dep5d+ ^u ! quality ( ! b9d+4 ,"o & a qu>t] in* back is l>ge en\gh = our purpose2 ! %eets are #aj #aj in*es1 ! =m] be+ ! b9d+ side4 ,:5 our ord] is fir/ made out1 we ent] 9 ! prop] column ( ! pur*ase record1 ! "n ( ! firm on :om ! ord] is drawn4 ,?is is ! only entry made at ?is "t1 & ! reta9$ copy ( ! ord] 7! receiv+ record7 is !n s5t to ! receiv+ cl]k4 ,:5 ! invoices arrive1 !y are /amp$ z %[n 9 ,fig4 #bf1 ! #a/ & #b;d l9es ( ?is /amp are fill$ 91 _! date is ent]$ 9 ! left h& columns ( ! pur*ase record & ! invoices are !n fil$ z be=e describ$4 ,9 ?is way1 ! (fice keeps track ( h[ fa/ ! /ock is arriv+1 because ! numb] ( firm names ent]$ on ! pur*ase record w %[ u ! numb] ( out/&+ ord]s1 & ! numb] ( dat$ entries w %[ u ! numb] ( invoices t h arriv$ :i* h n yet be5 *eck$ up by ! ,/ew>d 7usually because ! goods h n arriv$74 ,:5 ! goods arrive1 :e!r !y foll[ or prec$e _! invoices1 & ! receiv+ cl]k has *eck$ !m into /ock & return$ ,=m #bh to ! (fice1 ! pur*ase price is ent]$ 9 ! ,pur*ase-,cr$it column %[n4 ,?is pur*ase price disreg>ds our ca% disc\nt1 :i* is c>$ = 9 ! ca% book4 ,h[ev]1 if !re is any all[ance due u = return+ all or a "p ( ! goods on any invoice1 ! am\nt ( su* rebate is ent]$ 9 ! ,debit-,pur*ase column4 ,?is is ! only use to :i* ?is column is put4 ,illu/ration3 ,figure #bf ,let u suppose t we are n[ ready to pay a bun* ( invoices4 ,proce$ z foll[s3-- #a4 ,take ! invoice file1 &1 />t+ ) ! lett] 8,a01 g ?r\gh ! file1 tak+ ! accompli%$ invoices z y come to !m4 ,all ^? relat+ to any "o firm %\ld be f\nd toge!r1 z be=e m5tion$1 ?us sav+ mu* "t at ?is /age4 #b4 ,hav+ y\r invoices1 make out a v\*] 7,=m #ad1 ,fig4 #bg7 = ea* firm or cr$itor conc]n$1 ent]+ !reon all invoices relat+ to t firm4 ,if ! buy+ is done prop]ly1 !re %\ld be pl5ty ( room on ! v\*] = ^! invoices4 7,9 case ( a firm f :om we make almo/ daily pur*ases1 we hold ! invoices & make "o paym5t at ! end ( ! mon?47 #c4 ,z y g along1 h a dat+ /amp h&y & /amp ! date on ea* invoice z y make out ! correspond+ v\*]4 ,if ! invoice is disc\nt$1 /amp ! date 9 ! 8,disc\nt$0 space2 if !re is no disc\nt1 /amp ! date opposite ! ^w ,,paid 7see ,fig4 #bf74 ,at ! same "t1 ent] ! v\*] numb] 7:i* may1 & probably w diff] f ! invoice numb]7 9 blue p5cil on ! prop] space ( ?is same /amp$ impression4 ,illu/ration3 ,figure #bg1 7,r$uc$ 9 size7 #d4 ,:5 all ! invoices are f9i%$1 take ! v\*]s1 &1 />t+ ) ! top "o1 f9d :]e ea* invoice is ent]$ 9 ! pur*ase record & /amp ! date 9 ! ,,paid column opposite ea* entry4 ,^! places are easily f\nd by read+ ! invoice numb]s ent]$ on ! v\*]s4 #e4 ,:ile y are /amp+ ^! dates1 comp>e1 z y g along1 ! am\nt ( ! invoices z ent]$ on ! v\*]s1 ) ! am\nts ent]$ 9 ! pur*ase record4 #f4 ,n[ take ! v\*]s & ent] !m 9 ! ,ca% ,book on ! "r or cr$it side4 ,9 ! 8net ca%0 & 8cr$itors0 columns %\ld be ent]$ ! exact am\nts actually paid1 9 ! ,disc\nt column %\ld be ent]$ ! am\nt ( disc\nt all[$4 ,disc\nt is always %[n 9 ! ca% book & on ! v\*]s 9 r$ ink1 to avoid confusion ) cr$its1 :i* %\ld be %[n 9 black4 #g4 ,aft] ! ca% book has be5 po/$1 ! prop] *ecks are made out1 ready = ! signature ( ! ,ex*ange ,(fic]4 ,!y & ! v\*]s are !n mail$ to ! v>i\s cr$itors4 #h4 ,! paid invoices are !n plac$ 9 a ,%annon file draw] by !mselves :]e !y c be consult$ easily4 ,!y =m a complete file ( sub-v\*]s to ! ca% acc\nt = ! mon?4 ,!y %\ld nev] be mail$ to our cr$itors = ! purpose ( hav+ !m receipt$2 x takes too mu* en]gy & "t to get !m back4 ,9 case our cr$itor fails to return our v\*]1 we c /ill prove paym5t1 beyond a reasonable d\bt1 by produc+ ! cancel$ *eck 7:i* he mu/ release soon] or lat]7 & ! orig9al invoice exactly correspond+ to x 9 value4 ,"o au?ority goes s f> z to say1--8,if a *eck be>s no evid5ce z to its purpose b c readily be id5tifi$ ) a p>ticul> bill or invoice1 x /ill is a bett] v\*] ?an a receipt$ bill1 444 a m]e receipt = s mu* money1 :i* c readily be =g$1 is poor evid5ce ( a legitimate paym5t1 b a paid *eck1 prop]ly endors$ & o!rwise id5tifi$ z repres5t+ a def9ite liability1 is pretty fair pro( t ! money has rea*$ ! cr$itors40 7,p4 #di1 ,vol4 #f1 ,enc4 ,comm]ce & ,acc\nt+47 ,z a matt] ( fact1 we sometimes exp]i5ce consid]able difficulty 9 gett+ ev5 ! v\*]s back f our cr$itors4 ,lieut4 ,s*udt1 at ! ,=t ,levett ,ex*ange1 hit ^u a s*eme :i* t5ds to less5 ?is difficulty4 ,?is is1 simply to h ! v\*]s pr9t$ on a c>d ( suitable weight2 ! rev]se ( ea* c>d be+ pr9t$ 9 ! =m ( a self-address$ p5alty po/ c>d4 ,our cr$itor1 aft] dat+ & receipt+ ! v\*]1 simply drops x into ! mail box )\t ! additional tr\ble ( mail+ x 9 an envelope4 ,! ,v\*] ,*eck ,sy/em4 ,a mu* m effici5t sy/em ?an t j describ$1 "o :i* we hope w "s day be prescrib$ by regulations1 is ! 8v\*] *eck0 sy/em4 ,?is sy/em is rapidly =c+ its way to ! front ?r\gh ! m]its ( its %e] effici5cy1 & is n[ 9 =ce 9 ! bus9ess adm9i/ration ( _m l>ge conc]ns1 ! ,p5nsylvania ,railroad1 = example4 ,! sy/em is f\nd$ on ! indisputable pro( ( paym5t t is af=d$ by an endors$ & paid *eck4 ,z "o em95t au?ority on audit+1 has said1--8,if a *eck be>s on its face or back any indication ( its purpose1 x is ! be/ receipt = money paid t c be secur$04 ,! v\*] *eck sy/em does away ) sep>ate 8v\*]s01 z we 9 ! ,army are accu/om$ to ?9k ( !m2 ! *ecks !mselves are our v\*]s4 ,! *ecks are some:at diff]5t f ! usual type1 z !y be> on _! face a /atem5t ( ! invoices !y pay4 ,9 fact1 !y conta9 sub/antially ! same matt] z is %[n on our regul> v\*]4 ,=m #cj1 ,fig4 #bh1 %[s a v\*] *eck t w\ld be entirely suit$ to our use4 ,x may be unnecess>y to expla91 ! dates1 numb]s & am\nts ( ! invoices are ent]$ at ! "r 9 ! prop] spaces1 ! am\nts are total$1 rebates1 all[ances1 etc41 are d$uct$1 ! disc\nt appli$ to ! rema9d] & ! *eck prop] 7left h& "p7 made out accord+ly4 ,=m #cj;a1 %[n 9 ! same figure1 is ! c>bon copy1 ! orig9al be+ made out 9 indelible p5cil4 ,! "r h& or c\pon "p ( ?is duplicate is torn (f1 p9n$ to & mail$ ) ! orig9al *eck4 ,x gives our cr$itor a memo ( ! paym5t1 r5d]+ x unnecess>y = him to hold ! *eck until he c make a special note ( ! paym5t1 ?us help+ him out & at ! same "t exp$it+ ! process ( ca%+ 9 our *eck4 ,! left h& "p ( ,=m #cj;a rema9s 9 ! *eck book & p]=ms ! same function z ! regulation *eck /ub4 ,x w be not$ t we ?us save ! labor usually exp5d$ 9 fill+ out our /ubs & 9 addition1 we are n liable to accid5tally =get to fill out ! /ubs altoge!r1 z sometimes happ5s ) ! regul> /yle ( *eck book4 ,! =m & size ( ^! v\*] *ecks l5d !mselves v readily to manufacture 9 ! same 8make-up0 z c]ta9 k9ds ( sales books1 b ! ord9>y /yle ( duplicat+ book is probably j z good z ! m elaborate k9ds4 ,! *ecks %\ld be pr9t$ ?ree to ! page & c>e %\ld be tak5 t ! duplicate =ms are 89 regi/]0 ) ! orig9als1 o!rwise1 ! c>bon copy data w n appe> opposite ! prop] notations4 ,illu/ration3 ,figure #bh1 7,r$uc$ 9 size7 ,:5 ^! v\*] *ecks are return$ to u by our bank]1 we file !m 9 a *eck fil+ draw]1 equipp$ ) sets ( mon?ly tabb$ guides1 accord+ to ! v\*] numb]s1 ?us =m+ ! v\*] record = our ca% disbursem5ts4 ,x is h>d to f9d a weak spot 9 ! *eck v\*] sy/em1 b "s inspectors seem to object to x1 s1 until x is specifically au?oriz$ by ! ,w> ,dep>tm5t1 ! inexp]i5c$ ,ex*ange ,(fic] w\ld d well to /ick to ! sy/em previ\sly describ$4 ,to rev]t to our pur*ase record %eets3 !re is no necessity = not+ !reon ! am\nt paid on ea* invoice or ! disc\nt on same1 z is sometimes done4 ,?is in=mation w be %[n 9 ! ca% book1 & data %\ld n be repeat$ unnecess>ily4 ,! rema9+ two columns 7,balances7 are us$ only :5 clos+ ! books4 ,:5ev] ?is is done1 ! balance on ea* ord] is br\ght out to ! prop] column1 ! am\nt we owe be+ ent]$ 9 ! cr$it side ( ?is column1 & ! am\nt due u be+ ent]$ on ! debit side4 ,! total ( ! cr$it side ( ! ,pur*ase column is !n po/$ z a lump sum to ! cr$it side ( ! 8,bills ,payable ,m]*&ise0 acc\nt on ! g5]al l$g]1 & ! total ( ! debit side is po/$ to ! debit side ( ! same acc\nt4 ,ord9>ily1 !re w be no su* debit entries4 ,x w be se5 t ! net balance ( ! ,pur*ase ,record & ( ! above acc\nt %\ld equal ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! total pur*ases & ! sum ( ! totals %[n 9 ! 8,cr$itors0 & ! 8,disc\nts0 columns 9 ! ca% book4 ,,ca% ,,disbursem5ts4 ,! "r or cr$it side ( ! ca% book is1 9 g5]al1 ( ! same =m z ! debit side4 ,see ,fig4 #aa4 ,z all di/ribution ( m]*&ise to ! v>i\s dep>tm5ts is made ?r\gh ! /ock records1 !re is no necessity ( try+ to duplicate ?is in=mation on ! pages ( ! ca% book4 ,we1 !re=e1 lump all m]*&ise paym5ts "u ! head+ 8,cr$itors0 & res]ve a column = su* paym5ts only4 ,9 a simil> mann]1 all paym5ts = s]vices r5d]$ 9 ! v>i\s dep>tm5ts c\ld be ent]$ "u a head+1 8,labor01 & ! prop] di/ribution or pro-rata %>e ( ea* dep>tm5t c\ld be %[n on ! receipt$ pay roll1 z expla9$ h]eaft]4 ,o!r columns t w be ne$$ are3--,ma9t5ance1 ,fixtures1 ,int]e/ & ,disc\nt1 ,appropriations1 & ,exp5se4 ,all disbursem5ts :i* c n be plac$ 9 "o ( ! o!r columns %\ld be ent]$ "u ,int]e/ & ,disc\nt4 ,"u ,appropriations1 ent] all disbursem5ts vot$ by ! ,ex*ange ,c\ncil = ,a?letics1 ,divid5ds1 ,sick 9 ,hospital1 etc4 ,"u ,fixtures %\ld g all exp5ditures = p]man5t equipm5t 7new7 ( ! ,ex*ange1 & "u ,ma9t5ance1 all money sp5t = repairs1 replac+ ( old equipm5t by new1 & ! l4 ,9 ! ,exp5se ,column we c>ry su* items z wa/age1 breakage1 telephone & telegraph bills1 fuel1 light1 insurance1 pr9t+ & /ation]y1 & su* exp5dable supplies z tw9e1 pap]1 etc41 z are us$ 9 c>ry+ on ! bus9ess4 ,:5 ! ,ex*ange ,(fic] or au?oriz$ ag5t makes a pur*as+ trip on purely ,ex*ange bus9ess1 8 au?oriz$ exp5ses %\ld be ent]$ 9 ?is column4 ,ex*ange ,c\ncils diff] 9 _! int]pretations ( :at su* exp5ses %\ld be1 & ! ,ex*ange ,(fic] %\ld h x record$ 9 ! proce$+s ( ! ,c\ncil t su* all[ances ( exp5ses are au?oriz$4 ,to sum up3--! columns ( ! cr$it side ( ! ca% book1 read+ f left to "r are z foll[s3--,date2 ,description ( item ent]$1 giv+ "n ( cr$itor & a clue to ! articles on ! invoices2 ,v\*] ,no42 ,*eck ,no42 ,net ,ca%2 ,disc\nt2 ,cr$itors 7or ,m]*&ise72 ,labor2 ,appropriations2 ,fixtures2 ,int]e/ & ,disc\nt2 ,exp5se2 ,sundries1 & p]haps1 "o or two sp>e columns4 ,at ! end ( ! mon? or :5 ! books are clos$1 ! totals ( ! v>i\s columns are po/$ to ! debit side ( ! ,g5]al ,l$g] z foll[s3-- ,cr$itors po/$ to ,bills ,payable1 ,mdse4 ,int]e/ & ,disc\nt to ,int]e/ & ,disc\nt4 ,disc\nt to ,int]e/ & ,disc\nt4 ,fixtures to ,fixtures 7,ex*ange or ,laundry1 z ! case may be74 ,! items ent]$ 9 ! ,exp5se column mu/ be di/ribut$1 su* items z _c prop]ly be po/$ to ! acc\nt ( any ( ! dep>tm5ts mu/ be po/$ to ! 8,g5]al ,exp5se0 acc\nt 9 ! ,g5]al ,l$g]4 ,! same rule applies to ,labor & to ,sundries4 ,! items 9 ! ,appropriations column mu/ also be di/ribut$ among ! prop] l$g] acc\nts1 su* z ,a?letics1 ,divid5ds1 ,sick 9 ,hospital1 etc41 z ! case may be4 ,,! ,,l$g]4 ,g5]al4 ,! l$g] is ! book :i* %[s u ! /atus ( e "p ( our bus9ess4 ,x is ! mo/ important book t we keep1 &1 consequ5tly1 x %\ld be kept ) great c>e4 ,e transaction1 no matt] h[ small1 soon] or lat] f9ds its way to ! l$g]1 al?\gh x w n be giv5 ! dignity ( a l9e to itself4 ,! l$g] is1 ( c\rse1 kept on ! d\ble entry sy/em4 ,make-up4 ,!re are sev]al /ock =ms = l$g] %eets1 t %[n z ,=m #cj1 9 ,fig4 #cj1 be+ "o ( ! be/1 z ! c5t] balance column saves mu* space4 ,p]haps ! mo/ conv5i5t size is #aa #aa in*es1 :i* gives ab\t ! "r am\nt ( room 9 all columns4 ,^! %eets1 pr9t$ & rul$ z %[n1 co/ #ab4jj p] ?\s&1 retail4 ,lea!r tabb$ indices co/ #a4fe p] set & a high grade l$g] b9d] co/s #ab4jj1 al?\gh a *eap] type1 kn[n z a 8transf]0 c be obta9$ = a price z l[ z #b4ge1 b x w\ld n give ! s]vice & satisfaction ( ! regul> type ( l$g]4 ,9 our sy/em1 a l$g] ) a #a in* back %\ld prove ( ample size4 ,illu/ration3 ,figure #cj1 7,r$uc$ 9 size7 ,live acc\nts only %\ld be kept 9 ! l$g]2 z soon z an acc\nt has be5 clos$ out1 ! pages conta9+ same %\ld be tak5 out & plac$ 9 a l$g] transf] b9d]4 ,! same proc$ure %\ld be foll[$ ) ! fill$ pages ( live acc\nts j z soon z !re becomes little *ance ( _! be+ consult$ frequ5tly4 ,l$g] ,acc\nts4 ,z has be5 previ\sly describ$1 our me?od ( h&l+ our *>ge acc\nts has r5d]$ x unnecess>y = u to keep a private l$g] acc\nt ) ea* ( our *>ge cu/om]s4 ,to d s w\ld be m]ely to repeat in=mation :i* we already possess4 ,also1 our ,pur*ase ,record has obviat$ ! necessity ( a sep>ate l$g] acc\nt ) ea* ( our cr$itors1 = ! same reason4 ,hav+ no private l$g] acc\nts1 x foll[s t ?is book !n becomes a 8,g5]al ,l$g]01 hold+ only g5]al acc\nts1 su* z ,bills ,payable1 etc4 ,"s ( our g5]al acc\nts %\ld be sub-divid$ 9 ord] to give u a bett] idea ( :at ! bus9ess is do+4 ,take ! ,exp5se acc\nt1 = example4 ,x is usually desirable to classify our exp5ses z ne>ly z possible "u ! foll[+ head+s3-- ,wages1 ,fuel & ,lights1 ,insurance1 ,freight & ,express on out-go+ goods1 ,pr9t+ & ,/ation]y1 ,telephone & ,telegraph1 ,(fice1 includ+ exp5dable supplies us$ & n di/ribut$ to dep>tm5ts4 ,ano!r example is ,bills ,payable1 :i* is divid$ into ,*>ge ,acc\nts1 ,cr$it ,c\pons1 ,enli/$ ,m5's ,laundry1 etc41 z circum/ances dictate4 ,a complete li/ ( ! acc\nts 9 our l$g] %\ld run ab\t z foll[s3-- #a4 ,po/ ,ex*ange 7,synonyms3--,pres5t ,wor?1 ,surplus1 ,net ,wor?1 etc474 #b4 ,bills ,receivable1 ,notes4 7,entrance fees ( incom+ organizations47 #c4 ,bills ,receivable1 ,*>ge ,acc\nts4 #d4 ,bills ,receivable1 ,cr$it ,c\pons4 #e4 ,bills ,receivable1 ,enli/$ ,m5's ,laundry4 #f4 ,*eck ,acc\nt4 7,out/&+ ,c\pons47 #g4 ,bills ,payable1 ,mdse4 7,or ,cr$itors47 #h4 ,ex*ange ,build+4 7,if n a ,gov]nm5t build+47 #i4 ,laundry ,build+4 7,if own$ by ! ,ex*ange47 #aj4 ,ex*ange ,fixtures4 #aa4 ,laundry ,fixtures4 7,includ+ all ma*9]y1 tools1 etc47 #ab4 ,laundry4 7,a dep>tm5tal acc\nt47 #ac4 ,/ore4 7,same4 ,!re %\ld be an acc\nt = ea* dep>tm5t47 #ad4 ,int]e/ & ,disc\nt4 #ae4 ,insurance4 #af4 ,fuel & ,lights4 #ag4 ,freight & ,express4 #ah4 ,pr9t+ & ,/ation]y4 #ai4 ,telephone & ,telegraph4 #bj4 ,g5]al ,exp5se4 #ba4 ,depreciation4 7,if tak5 frequ5tly47 #bb4 ,lo/ ,acc\nts4 #bc4 ,a?letics4 #bd4 ,divid5ds4 #be4 ,sick 9 ,hospital4 #bf4 ,regim5tal ,fund4 #bg4 ,wages4 #bh4 ,pr(it & ,loss4 7,or ,loss & ,ga947 #bi4 ,ma9t5ance4 ,po/+ ! ,l$g]4 ,x has be5 notic$ t our ,l$g] is us$ b once a mon? or :5ev] our books are clos$4 ,at ?is "t1 ea* acc\nt 9 ! l$g] is br\ght d[n to date by ent]+ ! results obta9$ by summ>iz+ ! acc\nts conta9$ 9 ! subsidi>y books4 ,?is op]ation is call$ 8po/+0 & w be discuss$ ) ref]5ce to ea* ( ! =ego+ acc\nts4 ,x w be assum$1 9 ea* case1 t ! balance f ! previ\s mon? has be5 br\ght d[n correctly4 ,x w be ( great assi/ance to rememb] t any acc\nt 9 ! ,g5]al ,l$g] repres5ts "o ( ! foll[+3-- #a4 ,an asset2 7,res\rce74 #b4 ,a liability4 #c4 ,a ,loss4 #d4 ,a ,pr(it or ,ga94 a4 ,e acc\nt %[+ a debit balance is ei!r an asset or a loss2 a 8,p]sonal0 acc\nt %[+ a debit balance is an asset1 an 8exp5se0 acc\nt %[+ a debit balance is a loss4 b4 ,e acc\nt %[+ a cr$it balance is ei!r a liability or a pr(it2 a 8p]sonal0 acc\nt %[+ a cr$it balance is a liability 7some?+ we owe71 any sales acc\nt %[+ a cr$it balance is a pr(it4 #a4 ,po/ ,ex*ange ,acc\nt4 ,ano!r "n = ?is acc\nt is 8,net ,wor?01 or1 if ! ,ex*ange is out ( debt1 8,surplus04 ,x is important t ! /atus ( ?is acc\nt be %[n on e mon?ly /atem5t exhibit$ to ! ,ex*ange ,c\ncil4 ,x is debit$ at ! beg9n+ ( ! mon? ) ! net wor? ( ! ,ex*ange on t date4 ,cr$it x ) su* decreases & debit x ) su* increases z w be %[n on ! 8,surplus & ,adju/m5t ,s*$ule0 on ,=m #cb & discuss$ 9 connection !re)4 #b4 ,bills ,receivable1 ,notes4 ,debit ?is acc\nt = ! am\nt ow$ by any organization to ! ,ex*ange = ,entrance fees1 etc41 & cr$it x via ! ca% book ) ! am\nt ( paym5ts receiv$ f su* organizations4 #c4 ,bills ,receivable1 ,*>ge ,acc\nts4 ,debit ?is acc\nt1 z be=e describ$1 ) ! total am\nt ( *>ge sales made dur+ ! mon?1 :i* am\nt is obta9$ f ! ,*>ge ,acc\nts book4 ,cr$it ?is acc\nt ) ! total ( ! 8,cu/om]s0 column on ! debit side ( ! ca% book & also ) ! total ( ! 8,cr$it0 column 9 ! ,*>ge ,acc\nts book4 #d4 ,bills ,receivable1 ,cr$it ,c\pons4 ,?is acc\nt has be5 exhau/ively discuss$ "u 8,c\pons04 #e4 ,bills ,receivable1 ,enli/$ ,m5's ,laundry4 ,debit ?is acc\nt at ! end ( ! mon? ) ! gross am\nt ( laundry bills contract$ by enli/$ m5 dur+ ! mon?4 ,cr$it x ) ! total ( ! ca% book 7debit7 column 9 :i* are ent]$ ! paym5ts by enli/$ m5 = laundry "w done4 ,also cr$it ?is acc\nt ) :atev] cr$its h be5 all[$ = ov]*>ges1 damages1 etc41 ^! am\nts also be+ *>g$ 7debit$7 aga9/ ! ,laundry acc\nt4 #f4 ,*eck ,acc\nt4 ,see note "u p>agraph #d above4 #g4 ,bills ,payable1 ,m]*&ise4 ,debit ?is acc\nt ) balance due cr$itors on #a/ ( ! mon? & ) ,cr4 ,pur*ase column ( ,pur*ase ,record4 ,cr$it x ) am\nt ( cr$itors column 9 ca% book1 & ) total ( ,dr4 ,pur*ase column ( ,pur*ase ,record4 #h4 ,ex*ange ,build+4 ,if built & own$ by ! ,gov]nm5t1 ?is item is n an asset ( ! ,ex*ange4 ,if ! build+ belongs to ! ,ex*ange1 we debit ?is acc\nt ) all am\nts sp5t ^u x = additions ( any k9d1 b n = repairs1 r5ewals1 pa9t+1 etc4 ,cr$it ?is acc\nt ) all depreciation vot$ by ! ,po/ ,ex*ange ,c\ncil1 & debit ?is am\nt aga9/ ! ,depreciation ,acc\nt4 #i4 ,laundry ,build+4 ,same z prec$+4 #aj4 ,ex*ange ,fixtures4 ,debit ?is acc\nt ?r\gh ! ca% book ) ! am\nt ( all new fixtures pur*as$2 cr$it x ) ! am\nt ( depreciation vot$ by ! ,ex*ange ,c\ncil1 z be=e expla9$1 also1 ) ! book value ( all fixtures scrapp$ or o!rwise dispos$ (4 ,:5 an article is m]ely replac$ by a newly pur*as$ "o1 x is prop] to make no *ange 9 ! value ( our fixtures1 b *>ge ! :ole pur*ase price aga9/ ma9t5ance4 ,! same applies to co/ ( repairs4 #aa4 ,laundry ,fixtures4 ,same z prec$+4 #ab4 ,laundry4 ,?is is a live acc\nt aga9/ :i* are *>g$ 7debit$73-- 7a7 ,! total ( ! ,debit ,laundry column 9 ! ,co/ ,price ,/ock ,record1 7,=m #ac71 also1 ! value ( inv5tory at #a/ ( mon?4 7b7 ,! total co/ ( labor incurr$ by t dep>tm5t4 7c7 ,any ,,ca% ,,reimbursem5ts t may h be5 paid to cu/om]s4 7d7 ,su* items ( ,freight1 ,exp5se1 ,ma9t5ance1 ,bo>d1 etc41 z may h be5 paid dur+ ! mon? on acc\nt ( ! ,laundry4 7e7 ,any cr$its t may be all[$ = damages1 etc4 7,f ,*>ge ,accts47 ,?is acc\nt is cr$it$ )3-- 7a7 ,! total ( ! ,laundry columns 9 ! ,*>ge ,acc\nts ,book4 7b7 ,! total ( ! ,laundry columns p]ta9+ to ! curr5t mon? on our paytable collection %eets 7,=m #be74 7c7 ,! total %[n 9 ! ,cr$it ,laundry column ( ,=m #ac 7d7 ,! total ( all sales n acc\nt$ = "u 7a7 & 7b7 above4 7e7 ,inv5tory at la/ ( mon?4 ,! balance1 %[+ gross loss or ga91 is transf]r$ to ! ,pr(it & ,loss ,acc\nt4 #ac4 ,/ore4 ,?is & all o!r dep>tm5tal acc\nts %\ld be h&l$ 9 ! mann] describ$ 9 ! prec$+ p>agraph except !y %\ld receive cr$it = all c\pon & ca% sales made dur+ ! mon?4 #ad4 ,int]e/ & ,disc\nt4 ,cr$it ?is acc\nt ) ! total ( ! ,disc\nt column on ! cr$it side ( ! ca% book2 ?is anomaly be+ only app>5t1 n real4 ,cr$it1 also1 ! total ( ! ,int]e/ & ,disc\nt column on ! debit side ( ! ca% book & debit ! total ( ! ,int]e/ & ,disc\nt column f\nd on ! cr$it side ( ! ca% book4 #ae4 ,insurance4 ,debit ?is acc\nt1 ?r\gh ! ca% book1 ) all premiums paid out1 at ! "t !y are paid4 ,cr$it ?is acc\nt mon?ly ) ! mon?ly %>e ( su* premium or premiums1 & debit !m aga9/ ,po/ ,ex*ange4 ,! effect ( ?is me?od is to %[ ! unexpir$ policies z assets1 z !y %\ld be4 ,!re c be no d\bt t an unexpir$ policy is an asset1 nor is !re any "q ab\t ! propriety ( %[+ ! value ( ?is asset by d$uct+ ! appropriate am\nt mon?ly4 ,! practice ( "s ex*anges ( writ+ su* assets (f ! books imm$iately ^u paym5t ( premiums is n s\nd4 #af4 ,fuel & ,lights4 ,debit ?is acc\nt ?r\gh ! ca% book ) all am\nts paid out = ^! items1 provid$ !y _c be prop]ly apportion$ to ! v>i\s dep>tm5ts4 #ag4 ,freight & ,express4 ,same z prec$+1 except t all su* *>ges on incom+ m]*&ise %\ld be *>g$ to ! goods 9 "q1 j z if !y co/ u t mu* m4 8,out0 freight1 etc41 is a legitimate *>ge aga9/ ?is acc\nt4 #ah4 ,pr9t+ & ,/ation]y4 ,same rem>ks z "u #af4 #ai4 ,telephone & ,telegraph4 ,same z "u #af4 #bj4 ,g5]al ,exp5se4 ,debit ?is acc\nt ) all items ( exp5se t _c prop]ly be plac$ "u "o ( ! o!r exp5se acc\nts4 #ba4 ,depreciation4 ,debit ?is acc\nt ) ! total am\nt ( depreciation vot$ by ! ,c\ncil1 & z ?is entails a correspond+ cr$it else:]e 9 ! l$g]1 ! respective acc\nts affect$ mu/ be cr$it$ to a correspond+ am\nt4 ,:5 ! books are clos$1 ! balance ( ?is acc\nt is transf]r$ to ,pr(it & ,loss by cr$it+ ,depreciation & debit+ ! latt] acc\nt4 ,?is ,depreciation acc\nt c be elim9at$ entirely1 if desir$1 by cr$it+ ,ex*ange ,fixtures or :at n ) ! am\nt ( depreciation decre$ by ! ,c\ncil & debit+ ?is am\nt /raight aga9/ ,po/ ,ex*ange4 ,?is is ! usual me?od4 #bb4 ,lo/ ,acc\nts4 ,debit ?is acc\nt ) all bad debts :i* we h decid$ we _c collect4 ,?is1 ( c\rse1 necessitates a correspond+ cr$it entry 9 "s o!r acc\nt1 su* z ,bills ,receivable ,cr$it ,c\pons or ,*>ge ,acc\nts1 etc41 z ! case may be4 ,:5 ! books are clos$1 ?is acc\nt is balanc$ & transf]r$ to ,pr(it & ,loss1 z expla9$ 9 #ba4 ,if any ( ^! acc\nts are aft]w>ds collect$1 we mu/ cr$it ?is acc\nt1 via ! ca% book1 ) ! prop] am\nts4 #bc4 ,a?letics4 ,cr$it ?is acc\nt ) all am\nts vot$ by ! ,ex*ange ,c\ncil = ! support ( a?letics & *>ge or debit ! same am\nt aga9/ ,po/ ,ex*ange 7,acc\nt ,no4 #a1 above74 ,at ! end ( ea* mon?1 pick out ( ! ,appropriations column on ! cr$it side ( ! ca% book1 all am\nts :i* 7 sp5t = a?letics dur+ ! mon? & debit !m to ?is acc\nt4 ,! cr$it balance ( ?is acc\nt is a liability aga9/ ! ,ex*ange4 #bd4 ,divid5ds4 ,cr$it ?is acc\nt ) ! am\nt ( divid5ds decl>$ by ! ,c\ncil & debit ! same am\nt aga9/ ,po/ ,ex*ange acc\nt4 ,debit ?is acc\nt ) all divid5ds paid to organizations4 ,if ! divid5ds h n be5 paid out by ! end ( ! mon?1 !y w %[ up 9 ?is acc\nt z a cr$it balance1 a liability aga9/ ! ,ex*ange2 if !y h be5 paid1 !re w be no balance left to ?is acc\nt4 #be4 ,sick 9 ,hospital4 ,same z prec$+4 #bf4 ,regim5tal ,fund4 ,same z #bd4 #bg4 ,wages4 ,x w be rememb]$ t ea* dep>tm5t 0 debit$ ) its %>e ( all labor *>ges incurr$ dur+ ! mon?4 ,^! 8accru$ wages0 are cr$it$ to ?is acc\nt 9 ! ,l$g]4 ,debit ?is acc\nt ) ! total ( ! ,labor column on ! cr$it side ( ! ca% book4 ,any cr$it balance rema9+ 7z :5 "p ( ! pay due an employee is held back7 is a liability aga9/ ! ,ex*ange4 #bh4 ,pr(it & ,loss4 ,?is acc\nt is ord9>ily po/$ only ^u clos+ ! books4 ,to ?is acc\nt1 we po/ ! balances ( all ^? ,l$g] acc\nts :i* %[ a pr(it or a loss to ! ,ex*ange4 ,^! include all dep>tm5tal acc\nts & also acc\nts numb]$ #ad to #bi1 inclusive1 except ,nos4 #ae1 #ba1 #bc1 #bd1 #be1 #bf & ,no4 #bh1 :i* is n[ "u discussion4 ,rememb] t ea* ( ^! acc\nts :i* %[s a debit balance is a loss & ea* t %[s a cr$it balance is a pr(it or ga94 ,aft] all ( ^! acc\nts h be5 balanc$ & br\ght into ,pr(it & ,loss1 ! latt] is balanc$ & ! balance transf]r$ to ,po/ ,ex*ange4 ,be=e ?is la/ nam$ op]ation is p]=m$1 h[ev]1 a trial balance %\ld be tak51 because1 = reasons be=e expla9$1 ! books w nev] balance to ! c5t1 & ! entry ( a small item1 usually 8income n o!rwise acc\nt$ =10 is necess>y 9 ?is acc\nt be=e ! books w balance4 #bi4 ,ma9t5ance4 ,?is is really 9 ! nature ( an exp5se acc\nt & we %\ld debit x ) ! am\nts %[n on ! cr$it side ( ! ca% book z paid out on ?is acc\nt4 ,cr$it ?is acc\nt = su* items z c be & are debit$ aga9/ any ( ! dep>tm5ts 7see #ab d72 cr$it ?is acc\nt = ! balance rema9+ at ! end ( ! mon? & *>ge same aga9/ ,pr(it & ,loss4 ,balanc+ ! ,l$g]4 ,x has be5 /at$ above1 t all 8,exp5se0 acc\nts are balanc$ mon?ly & po/$ to ,pr(it & ,loss1 & t aft] a trial balance has prov$ ! ,l$g] to be 9 balance1 ! balance ( ! ,pr(it & ,loss acc\nt is transf]r$ to ! 8,po/ ,ex*ange0 acc\nt4 ,! rema9+ acc\nts1 ,nos4 #a-aa1 inclusive1 etc41 repres5t assets & liabilities & are n transf]r$ at all1 al?\gh !y are balanc$ e mon?4 ,we n[ come to ! book-keep]s' bug-a-boo1 ! 8,trial ,balance04 ,?is is a simple ?+ 7to describe71 consi/+ m]ely go+ ?r\gh our l$g]1 tak+ ! total ( all ! totals on ! cr$it side ( all our l$g] acc\nts & see+ if ?is equals ! total ( all ! totals on ! debit side4 ,if ^! totals d n agree1 ! book-keep] mu/ run d[n ! error & correct x4 ,!re are no rules = ?is proc$ure t w\ld be ( practical b5efit4 ,?is trial balance does n necess>ily mean t ! l$g] is correct1 x simply proves t = e debit item ent]$ a correspond+ cr$it entry has be5 made2 x does n prove t ^! entries h be5 made 9 ! prop] acc\nts4 ,a sample trial balance %eet1 work$ out by ,mr4 ,p>k]1 ca%i] ( ! ,=t ,slocum ,ex*ange1 is %[n h]e)4 ,aft] ! l$g] is balanc$1 we proce$ to get out our mon?ly /atem5t4 ,if x is a case ( an inspector1 we c get all ! data he ne$s by simply tak+ our /atem5ts s9ce 8 la/ visit & comb9+ ! results %[n by same4 ,balance ,,acc\nts ,trial ,balance ( ,loss ,ga9 ,balances ,dr4 ,cr4 ,dr4 ,cr4 ,dr4 ,cr4 ,po/ ,ex*ange ,ca% #eee4fj #cgb4jj #ahc4ej ,bills ,rec4 ,*>ge ,accts #aa4fb #a4fb #aj4jj 0 0 ,e4 ,m4 ,laundry #af4jj #af4jj 0 0 ,cr$it ,c\pons #ajj4jj #ajj4jj ,bills ,pay ,m]*&ise #d4jj #d4jj 0 0 ,*eck ,acc\nt #ij4jj #ajj4jj #aj4jj ,/ock ,room 4#ej 4#ej ,a?letics #bj4jj #bj4jj ,fixtures #ba4jj #ba4jj ,/ore #aa4ej #bhj4ee #bfi4je #bfi4je ,lun* #fg4gb #baa4bg #bjd4ee #bjd4ee ,pool #ej4jj #i4jj #da4jj #da4jj ,b>b] #fg4jj #ag4jj #ej4jj #ej4jj ,tailor #df4fe #ei4jj #ab4ce #ab4ce ,%oe%op #ce4ge #ce4jj 4#ej 4#je ,soda ,f\nta9 #cg4jj #c4jj #cd4jj #cd4jj ,skat+ #ad4ej #d4fj #i4jj #i4ij ,mov+ ,pictures #aj4jj #ca4jj #ba4jj #ba4jj ,laundry #bi4jj #bb4jj #g4jj #g4jj ,int]e/ & ,disc\nt #ag4fj #ag4fj #ag4fj ,(fice #aa4jj #aa4jj #aa4jj ,loss & ga9 #ccf4ej ,,totals #aaea4dd #aaea4dd #eba4jj #eba4jj #ejg4jj #ejg4jj ,assets ,,acc\nts & ,ca% ,/atem5t ,liabilities ,dr4 ,cr4 ,dr4 ,cr4 ,po/ ,ex*ange #ccf4ej ,ca% #ahc4ej ,bills ,rec4 ,*>ge ,accts #aj4jj 0 0 ,e4 ,m4 ,laundry #af4jj 0 0 ,cr$it ,c\pons #ajj4jj ,bills ,pay ,m]*&ise #d4jj 0 0 ,*eck ,acc\nt #aj4jj ,/ock ,room ,a?letics #bj4jj #bj4jj ,fixtures #ba4jj #ba4jj ,/ore #bej4jj #aa4jj ,lun* #agj4jj #f4jj ,pool #h4jj #ej4jj ,b>b] #ad4jj #fg4jj ,tailor #df4jj #dc4jj ,%oe%op #bi4jj #ce4jj ,soda ,f\nta9 #c4jj #cg4jj ,skat+ #d4fj #ad4jj ,mov+ ,pictures #ca4jj #aj4jj ,laundry #bi4jj ,int]e/ & ,disc\nt #ag4jj ,(fice #aa4jj ,loss & ga9 ,,totals #cej4ej #cej4ej #eee4fj #cgb4aj #ahc4ej ,balance #eee4fj #eee4fj ,,mon?ly ,,/atem5ts4 ,g5]al4 ,! prim>y object ( ! mon?ly /atem5t is to give ! ,ex*ange ,c\ncil & ! ,comm&+ ,(fic] a cle> & concise und]/&+ ( ! op]ations & f9ancial /&+ ( ! ,ex*ange4 ,! /atem5t1 !re=e1 %\ld be s simple 9 con/ruction t x c be und]/ood at a glance by anybody1 reg>dless ( _! k ( book-keep+4 ,mo/ /atem5ts submitt$ to ,ex*ange ,c\ncils ei!r %[ no?+ or lead to a wa/e ( "t1 due to ! necessity = ask+ = explanations ( obscure items4 ,! /atem5t %\ld also conta9 su* in=mation z w be requir$ by ! ,inspector4 ,! =m ( /atem5t "h %[n fulfils all ( ! above requirem5ts & is a =m approv$ by c]tifi$ public acc\ntants4 ,x is divid$ into ?ree p>ts1 :i* w be discuss$ 9 _! relative ord]4 ,g5]al ,balance ,%eet4 ,?is1 ,=m #cb1 is %[n 9 ,fig4 #ca & is almo/ self explanatory4 ,att5tion is invit$ to ! s*eme ( segregat+ diff]5t classes ( assets & ( liabilities4 ,a /ock =m ( ?is nature w\ld d = all ,ex*anges1 reg>dless ( _! size1 z !re are suffici5t blank l9es to suit all requirem5ts1 b p]haps bett] satisfaction w\ld be obta9$ if ! =m "h %[n be m]ely tak5 z a model & only ^? items be us$ z apply to ! p>ticul> case 9 h&4 ,pa9s h be5 tak51 9 ?is =m1 to ins]t a suffici5t numb] ( entries to %[ cle>ly h[ any ord9>y item %\ld be h&l$4 ,( c\rse1 ! item1 8,ex*ange build+01 %\ld be omitt$ if ! build+ belongs to ! ,gov]nm5t & n to ! ,ex*ange4 ,! item1 8,ca% ,res]ve01 cov]s ! am\nt requir$ by regulations to be set aside be=e divid5ds c be decl>$4 ,"u ! liabilities1 !re w ord9>ily be no entries "u 8,fund$ ,debt02 ?is entry m]ely %[s h[ su* items %\ld be h&l$ 9 case any %\ld exi/4 8,commissions due0 is ! am\nt we owe = goods already sold on consignm5t2 ! same item "u ! assets ref]s to ! am\nt due u = goods sold on consignm5t or commission4 ,a decl>$ divid5d is a liability until x is paid4 ,out/&+ c\pons are also a liability4 ,"u ! def]r$ liabilities come any am\nts t are payable at "s future date1 b are mean:ile bona fide debts ow$ by ! ,ex*ange4 ,! t]m 8,total ,surplus0 ref]s to ! surplus at ! end ( ! mon? 9 "q1 &1 :ile n really a liability1 x is put 9 ?is place 9 ord] to prop]ly balance ! acc\nt4 ,illu/ration3 ,figure #ca1 7,r$uc$ 9 size7 ,surplus & ,adju/m5ts4 ,"u ?is head1 we %[ ! *anges 9 ! net wor? ( ! ,ex*ange :i* h occurr$ dur+ ! mon?1 ?is be+1 to all int5ts & purposes1 a repetition ( ! ,po/ ,ex*ange ,acc\nt 9 our g5]al ,l$g]4 ,"u 8,re-valuation01 take up any increase 9 ! value ( build+s or fixtures t may h occurr$ o!r ?an ?r\gh ! ca% book 7^u appraisal1 = in/ance74 ,"u 8,adju/m5t01 take up any increase ( am\nt ow$ u on any acc\nt1 t is1 if any acc\nt has be5 correct$ dur+ ! mon? & ! am\nt due u on ?is acc\nt has be5 increas$1 ! am\nt ( su* increase %\ld be tak5 up "u ! head 9 "q4 ,! net pr(its = ! mon? are obta9$ f ! ,/atem5t ( ,income & ,pr(it & ,loss1 to be describ$ lat]4 ,all ( ! above items s]ve to increase our surplus or net wor?1 & h5ce1 mu/ be add$ to ! net wor? %[n at ! beg9n+ ( ! mon?4 ,"u ! d$uctions w\ld come all am\nts writt5 (f = depreciation2 divid5ds actually paid2 appropriations paid or put to ! cr$it ( any p>ticul> fund1 su* z ! ,a?letic ,fund2 & all decreases 9 acc\nts ow$ u1 caus$ by ! adju/m5t ( same4 ,aft] ! above notations are made1 ! surplus at ! end ( ! mon? is ent]$ 9 ! prop] space 9 ! g5]al balance %eet4 ,?is surplus is ! net wor? ( ! ,po/ ,ex*ange1 & %\ld1 ( c\rse1 be equal to ! balance ( ! ,po/ ,ex*ange acc\nt 9 ! ,l$g]4 ,/atem5t ( ,income & ,pr(it & ,loss4 ,illu/ration3 ,figure #cb1 7,r$uc$ 9 size7 ,?is1 ,=m #af1 gives u a v cle> & concise /atem5t ( ! op]ations ( all ( our dep>tm5ts dur+ ! mon?4 ,x is pr9t$ on ! back ( ,=m #cb4 ,x is fill$ 9 z foll[s3-- a ,ent] on ! fir/ l9e1 ! total sales = ca% z %[n by ! foot+s ( ! respective debit columns 9 ! ca% book4 b ,on ! second l9e1 ent] ! total c\pon sales ( ! v>i\s dep>tm5ts %[n by ! foot+s ( ! respective columns ( ,=m #bf 7,fig4 #ag74 c ,on ! ?ird l9e1 ent] ! total *>ge sales made by ea* dep>tm5t z %[n by ! foot+s ( ! respective columns ( ,=m #g 7,fig4 #f74 d ,add ! above1 bo? horizontally & v]tically & see if ! gr& totals *eck4 e ,ent] on ! f\r? l9e all cr$its giv5 dur+ ! mon?4 f ,subtract e f d2 ! rema9d] %[s ! net sales made by ea* dep>tm5t dur+ ! mon? & %\ld be ent]$ 9 ! prop] spaces4 g ,"u 8,inv5tory 444 #a/01 is ent]$ ! co/ price ( all m]*&ise on h& 9 ! v>i\s dep>tm5ts at ! beg9n+ ( ! mon?1 :i* am\nts are obta9$ f ! ,inv5tory ,book or ,inv5tory c>ds z be=e describ$4 h ,"u 8,pur*ases0 are ent]$ ! co/ values ( all m]*&ise s5t to ! v>i\s dep>tm5ts1 t is1 ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! foot+s ( ! ,dr4 & ,cr4 columns ref]r+ to ea* dep>tm5t on ,=m #ac 7,co/ ,price74 ,no ca% disc\nt is consid]$4 i ,"u 8,labor01 *>ge ea* dep>tm5t ) its prop] %>e ( ! wages paid by ! ,ex*ange4 ,if any employee divides 8 "t betwe5 two or m dep>tm5ts1 8 wages %\ld be di/ribut$ betwe5 said dep>tm5ts proportionately4 ,book-keep]'s wages %\ld be *>g$ to ,(fice4 ,to c\nt]balance ?is *>ge1 "s ,ex*anges cr$it all ca% disc\nts to ,(fice in/ead ( tak+ !m up "u ,o!r ,income4 ,?is is entirely prop]1 z is also ! proc$ure ( cr$it+ ! ,(fice ) mail ord] pr(its1 etc4 ,9 ! usual case1 !re be+ no accru$ wages1 ! figures = labor are tak5 f ! ,labor column 9 ! ca% book4 j ,"u 8,ma9t5ance01 transf] f ! ca% book all am\nts paid out = 7#a7 ,articles b\ght to replace o!r simil> articles worn out4 7#b7 ,pa9ts1 clean+ mat]ial or repairs & sp>e p>ts1 etc4 7#c7 ,labor *>ges 9 connection ) ! =ego+4 7#d7 ,9 g5]al1 any exp5diture = up-keep4 k ,"u 8,bo>d01 %\ld be ent]$ all am\nts paid out = bo>d ( employees4 l ,"u 8,exp5se01 ent] ! value ( all exp5dable supplies issu$ to ! v>i\s dep>tm5ts1 su* z pap] bags1 etc41 or1 z illu/rat$ 9 ! case ( a ,laundry1 ! co/ ( all soaps1 />*1 soda1 etc4 m ,add items 7g7 to 7l71 inclusive1 & ent] ! totals on ! prop] l9e4 ,also1 add ! items horizontally & *eck ! gr& totals obta9$ by ^! two op]ations4 n ,ent] "u 8,d$uct ,inv5tory01 ! co/ price ( all articles f\nd on h& 9 ! v>i\s dep>tm5ts at ! end ( ! mon?4 o ,subtract 7n7 f 7m7 & ent] ! respective rema9d]s 9 ! spaces = 8,co/ ( ,goods ,sold04 ,*eck ^! rema9d]s v]tically & horizontally4 p ,subtract ! ,co/ ( ,goods ,sold f ,net ,sales & ent] ! rema9d]s 9 ! spaces = 8,gross ,pr(it04 ,*eck results z be=e4 ,! l[] "p ( ?is =m is made out z foll[s3-- a ,"u 8,ca% ,disc\nts0 7unless cr$it$ to ,(fice z be=e expla9$71 ent] ! total ( ! ,disc\nts column 9 ! ca% book4 b ,ca% 9 excess ( daily *ecks is self explanatory4 c ,"u 8,goods ,sold on ,consignm5t01 %\ld be ent]$ all su* sales actually made dur+ ! mon?4 d ,miscellane\s cr$its is self explanatory1 be+ = su* items z junk1 receptacles sold1 etc41 z are n cr$it$ ?r\gh ! /ock records4 e ,entrance fees cov] all paym5ts by organizations jo9+ ! ,ex*ange4 f ,int]e/ on ,bank balances is self explanatory4 g ,lo/ ,acc\nts collect$ ref]s to am\nts t h previ\sly be5 dropp$ f ! books z lo/1 b h aft]w>ds be5 collect$4 h ,"u 8,income n o!rwise acc\nt$ =01 is ent]$ ! am\nt t w make ! books balance4 ,z x is impracticable to give precise weights on bulk m]*&ise & z mi/akes w sometimes occur1 ! books w nev] balance exactly & all discrepancies are ?r[n into ?is item4 ,z an example1 suppose we un9t5tionally give %ort weights on our sales (1 say1 crack]s4 ,at ! end ( ! mon?1 we w h m money on h& ?an our sales w\ld call =1 & su* excess is tak5 up "u ?is head+4 ,if1 z sometimes happ5s1 !re is a deficit 7= example1 caus$ by melt+ & wa/age ( ice7 x %\ld be tak5 up "u ! 8,g5]al ,exp5se0 side ( ?is =m4 ,x %\ld be not$ t ?is item _c be fill$ 9 until ! ,g5]al ,balance ,%eet is made out4 i 8,freight & ,express ,out0 ref]s to transportation *>ges on goods return$ to our cr$itors or sold to our cu/om]s4 j ,"u ! item1 8,insurance01 %\ld be ent]$ ! total premiums paid out dur+ ! mon?1 b n ! pro-rata %>e t is *>g$ (f mon?ly4 k ,"u 8,paid on ,consignm5t01 %\ld be ent]$ ! net am\nts paid to our cr$itors = ! goods sold by u4 l ,to ! ,total ,gross ,pr(it1 add ! total ,o!r ,income1 f ?is am\nt1 subtract ! ,total ,g5]al ,exp5se & ! rema9d] is ! net pr(it = ! mon?2 x %\ld be c>ri$ to ! ,surplus & ,adju/m5t "p ( ! g5]al balance %eet4 ,,pay ,,rolls4 ,illu/ration3 ,figure #cc1 7,r$uc$ 9 size7 ,a ?or\ghly satisfactory =m = pay rolls is %[n by ,=m #b 9 ,fig4 #cc4 ,! ,recapitulation at ! bottom ( ! =m is = ! purpose ( di/ribut+ ! co/ ( labor among ! v>i\s dep>tm5ts :5 we make out our /atem5t ( income & pr(it & loss4 ,if employees are n paid up to date1 t is1 if a "p ( _! pay due is )held1 ?is =m all[s su* in=mation to be record$4 ,9 "s cases1 x has be5 f\nd practicable to pay (f ?ree times a mon?1 especially 9 ! case ( civilian employees4 ,9 any case1 all h&s %\ld be paid promptly at ! la/ ( ! mon?1 ?us gett+ all ( ^! wages out ( ! way & avoid+ ! necessity ( any rev]s+ entries or o!r exp$i5ts to %[ ! real op]ations ( ! ,ex*ange4 ,if any wages due ! employees are n paid by ! end ( ! mon?1 ^! am\nts become 8accru$ wages0 & mu/ be c>ri$ z su*4 ,,figur+ ,,sell+ ,,prices4 ,?is is done by "s employee designat$ by ! ,ex*ange ,(fic]2 sometimes x is done by ! ,ex*ange ,(fic] himself4 ,x is sometimes prescrib$ by ! ,c\ncil t :5 organizations 7%>ehold]s 9 ! ,ex*ange7 ord] articles n 9 /ock1 ! sell+ price %all be actual co/ to ! ,ex*ange ( su* articles4 ,?is co/ w\ld1 ( c\rse1 include any transportation *>ges1 etc41 t 7 incurr$1 b ! ,ex*ange w\ld get ! b5efit ( all ca% disc\nts4 ,x is also prescrib$ 9 "s in/ances t p]sons n /ockhold]s 9 ! ,ex*ange :o ord] m]*&ise t is n 9 /ock %all be *>g$ a commission ( #e4 ,bo? ( ^! rules are s\nd1 because1 9 ! fir/ case1 any pr(its made by ! ,ex*ange w\ld simply rev]t 9 divid5ds to ! organizations f :i* ! pr(its 7 made1 assum+ t all organizations transact$ ! same am\nt ( ?is k9d ( bus9ess4 ,if !y did n1 x w\ld /ill be unju/ to p5alize "o company = patroniz+ ! ,ex*ange by tak+ f x money = di/ribution 9 divid5ds to o!r companies1 reg>dless ( ! am\nt ( patronage ! latt] gave ! ,ex*ange4 ,! second rule is s\nd because ! transaction is a quick sale1 & ! money ( ! ,ex*ange is ti$ up 9 /ock = ! m9imum l5g? ( "t4 ,! sell+ price 9 ! above cases is1 !re=e1 v easily det]m9$4 ,9 figur+ out ! sell+ price = ! ord9>y run ( goods1 ! process1 :ile diff]5t1 is nev] v difficult4 ,we mu/ base our calculations on ! smalle/ value us$ 9 c\pon sales1 except 9 ! case ( /aples sold only to *>ge cu/om]s4 ,ord9>ily1 ! smalle/ pur*ase t c be made ) c\pon books is five c5ts4 ,we %\ld1 !re=e1 9 e possible case1 make our sell+ price a numb] divisible by #e4 ,*eap articles may be sold 8#b = #e01 etc4 ,x is a bad policy to sell articles = #d or #i c5ts & h ! cl]k h& back *ange :5 a c\pon sale is made4 ,articles t c be quickly & easily sold c be h&l$ at a small m>g9 ( pr(it1 b articles t may prove to be 8/ick]s0 or ^? repres5t+ a consid]able inve/m5t %\ld be made to pay a l>g] pr(it4 ,9 ?is connection1 ! g5]al policy ( ! ,ex*ange may be made to take "o ( two tr5ds4 ,! fir/ policy is to sell all articles at ! m9imum price consi/5t ) mak+ ! ,ex*ange self-support+4 ,9 ?is case1 ! am\nts paid to ! organizations 9 divid5ds w be proportionately small1 & consequ5tly1 ! v>i\s companies w receive little money to sp5d on _! messes1 a?letics1 etc4 ,?is plan w\ld be ( consid]able b5efit to su* cu/om]s ( ! ,ex*ange z are n /ockhold]s4 ,! o!r policy is to *>ge ab\t ! same prices z obta9 9 ! /ores ( ne>by t[ns4 ,9 "s cases ( isolat$ po/s1 ! prices c\ld be put ev5 high]4 ,?is plan w\ld result 9 l>g] divid5ds paid to ! companies b might entail ! loss ( cu/om]s1 especially 9 ^! days ( mail-ord] & catalogue h\ses4 ,?is latt] policy is upheld by _m able au?orities1 especially s9ce ! passage ( ! 8anti-cante50 law4 ,accord+ to "o ( ! mo/ able (fic]s ! writ] has ev] kn[n1 ?is policy 0 /at$ ab\t z foll[s3--8,we %\ld *>ge z high a price z ! traffic w /&4 ,i d n want my m5 to sp5d _! money 9 t[n1 = obvi\s reasons4 ,i want !m to sp5d x :]e !y !mselves w get ! b5efit ( ! pr(its made on _! pur*ases4 ,!re=e1 give !m good value = _! money--z good z !y c get any:]e--b d n try = l[ prices & d make ! ,ex*ange s attractive t !y w naturally ga!r !re & patronize x40 ,9 view ( ! above facts1 & kn[+ ! g5]al policy ( ! ,ex*ange x is n difficult 9 ! ord9>y case1 to fix a sell+ price = our goods4 ,we simply add ! co/ ( transportation to ! co/ price ( ! goods1 add ! desir$ pr(it & ?is gives u our approximate sell+ price4 ,9 "s ,ex*anges1 o!r items ( ov]head *>ges1 su* z cl]k hire1 depreciation1 etc41 are tak5 into consid]ation 9 fix+ ! sell+ price4 ,!re %\ld be ample space 9 ! "r h& columns ( ,=m #bh1 ! receiv+ record1 9 :i* to figure ! sell+ prices4 ,"o ( ! results to be tri$ = 9 e ,ex*ange is ,,quick ,,sales4 ,x is a s]i\s mi/ake to keep money ti$ up 9 /ock any long] ?an is absolutely necess>y4 ,a vivid illu/ration ( ?is po9t is obta9$ by tak+ ! case (1 say1 an ,italian banana v5dor on ! /reet4 ,let u assume t he buys a bun* ( bananas 9 ! morn+ = #a4jj4 ,we may re/ assur$ t he w h sold out by ev5+2 x is a c]ta9ty2 he is too good a m]*ant to d o!rwise4 ,ev5 suppos+ t he _h a bad day1 & 0 compell$ to close out "p ( 8 /ock 9 ! ev5+ at cut prices1 he w h realiz$ any:]e f #a4ej to #b4jj on 8 sales1 ?us giv+ him f #be to #ej gross pr(it4 ,at ?is rate1 he w turn ov] 8 capital at lea/ #be times dur+ "o mon?1 ?us transact+ a total am\nt ( bus9ess #be times great] ?an 8 actual net res\rces1 & secur+ a pr(it equival5t to t ( ! great] am\nt4 ,?is is ! ideal t[>d :i* ! ,ex*ange %\ld /rive4 ,9 ?is connection1 d n /ate y\r pr(its z a p]c5tage ( ! ,,co/ price ( y\r goods1 b ( ! ,,sell+ price4 ,9 o!r words1 if an article co/s ! ,ex*ange #aj4jj1 d n add "o doll> to ?is = ! sell+ price & !n imag9e y\r pr(its w be #aj ( y\r sales4 ,if y desire #aj pr(it1 !n ! co/ mu/ con/itute #ij & y mu/ sell ! article = #aa4aa 9 ord] to make #aj on ! sale4 ,take a p5cil & figure x y\rself4 ,a v good talk on ?is subject 7& _m o!rs ( int]e/7 is giv5 9 8,a ,bett] ,day's ,pr(its01 publi%$ by ! ,burr\ghs ,add+ ,ma*9e ,company4 ,ano!r mo/ excell5t book conta9+ _m h9ts :i* w\ld prove ( value to any ,ex*ange ,(fic] is "o entitl$1 8,:]e ,h ,my ,pr(its ,gone801 publi%$ by ! ,am]ican ,sales ,book ,company ( ,elmira1 ,new ,york4 ,,laundries4 ,_m ,ex*anges run laundries & :ile no attempt w be made "h to %[ h[ a laundry %\ld be h&l$1 x is ?\ght prop] to expla9 h[ ! books %\ld be kept4 ,! h&l+ ( actual laundry "w c be le>n$ only by exp]i5ce & x is an exce$+ly difficult task to prev5t a flood ( compla9ts unless c>eful sup]vision & *eck+ is 9 =ce4 ,z f> z ! ,po/ ,ex*ange ,books are conc]n$1 ! ,laundry ne$ furni% b ?ree items3-- 7#a7 ,! am\nt ow$ by ea* cu/om] = laundry "w done dur+ ! mon?4 7#b7 ,! total value ( exp5dable articles on h& at ! end ( ea* mon?4 7,inv5tory47 7#c7 ,! data = pay+ ! wages ( employees4 ,any o!r records t may be kept are = ! in=mation ( ! ,laundry managem5t1 & are n ess5tial to ! prop] runn+ ( ! ,ex*ange4 ,! above ?ree head+s w be discuss$ 9 turn4 ,bills ,receivable = ,laundry ,"w4 ,! me?ods us$ 9 ! case ( enli/$ m5 diff] f ^? us$ 9 ! case ( ,(fic]s & o!rs ( l classification2 ! =m] is rate "w & ! latt] is piece "w4 ,! =m] w be expla9$ fir/4 ,! sy/em ab\t to be expla9$ h+es ab\t ! ,laundry ,li/1 ,=m #bj1 %[n 9 ,fig4 #cd4 ,^! are #e #h in*es 9 size1 made up 9 pads ( #ajj1 fifty orig9als pr9t$ 9 black ink on :ite pap] & fifty duplicates pr9t$ 9 r$ on :ite pap]4 ,?us1 ea* book or pad w la/ "o man ab\t "o ye>4 ,ea* orig9al & duplicate are on ! same piece ( pap]1 fold$ at ! bottom & ! l[] 7duplicate7 =ms are b\nd by _! top edges1 a piece ( c>bon pap] be+ b\nd into ea* pad s z to fall betwe5 ! two copies4 ,a glance at a 8,p>agon0 /yle ( duplicat+ sales book w %[ cle>ly h[ ?is simple arrangem5t works4 ,! backs ( all %eets %\ld be fairly well cov]$ ) adv]tis+ or o!r matt] 9 ord] to prev5t p]sons f eke+ out _! supply ( /ation]y by us+ ^! =ms4 ,if desir$1 ! in/ruction %[n on ! face ( ! blank 9 ! illu/ration c\ld be plac$ on ! back in/ead4 ,9 quantities ( #a1jjj or s1 ^! books %\ld co/ 9 ! neighborhood ( #g c5ts apiece4 ,illu/ration3 ,figure #cd1 7,r$uc$ 9 size7 ,) ?is arrangem5t1 ea* man makes out two copies ( 8 laundry li/ ) z little tr\ble z he =m]ly made out 8 s+le copy4 ,! am\nt ( cl]ical labor :i* ?is simple exp$i5t obviates is simply enorm\s4 ,x makes ! sy/em practically automatic & saves labor co/s 9 ! ,laundry4 ,! man puts bo? copies ( 8 li/ 9 8 bag ( laundry1 & ! laundry wagon calls at ! company at ! prop] "t & collects same4 ,! bag ( wa% is giv5 to ! 8,m>k]01 :o *ecks (f on ! duplicate slip1 all wa% f\nd 9 ! bag4 ,if ev]y?+ is "r1 ! m>k] places ! duplicate slip 9 a sort+ tray1 & lays ! orig9al aside to be fil$4 ,if ! li/ conta9s a mi/ake1 ! :ole bundle is imm$iately plac$ aside & is n t\*$ until ! own] has be5 s5t =1 8 mi/ake expla9$ to him1 & he has p]sonally correct$ bo? copies ( ! li/4 ,?is n only prev5ts controv]sies1 b1 also1 makes ! m5 c>eful 9 mak+ out _! li/s 9 ord] to avoid ! necessity ( visit+ ! laundry to correct _! li/s4 ,9 case any article is damag$ :5 receiv$ at ! laundry1 x is exam9$ to see if x is prop]ly m>k$1 & !n plac$ aside = ! inspection ( ! ,(fic] 9 *>ge4 ,?is po9t w be t\*$ ^u lat]4 ,! duplicate li/s rema9 9 ! sort+ tray beh9d numb]$ guides until ! "t comes to sort out ! f9i%$ wa% ( ! organization to :i* ! slips belong4 ,:5 8m>k+ 901 ! m>k] ei!r uses ! space 8,,m>k+ ,o4 ,k40 provid$ = ! purpose1 or1 z is usually ! case1 we dep5d ^u ! p]sonal *eck m>k %e places opposite ea* item on ! li/4 ,?is m>k+ is done on ! duplicate li/ only4 ,:5 ! f9i%$ wa% is sort$1 prep>atory to deliv]y1 ! sort] makes ano!r *eck m>k 7diff]5t f ! fir/ "o7 opposite ea* item t is put 9 ! bat*4 ,no bat* is all[$ to g out ) a %ortage if x c possibly be avoid$2 if any article is held = re-wa%+1 x is ru%$ ?r\gh 8special0 & ! :ole bundle belong+ to t p>ticul> man is held back to wait = x4 ,?is prev5ts ! laundry f acquir+ g>m5ts belong+ to cu/om]s4 ,if ?is is n done1 a receipt = ! %ortage %\ld be deliv]$ to ! cu/om] ) 8 wa%1 & a duplicate kept z a sort ( tickl]1 to insure ! miss+ articles be+ put 9 ! next bat* ( wa%+ receiv$ f & done up = t cu/om]4 ,! orig9al slips are ins]t$ 9 alphabetical ord] 9 loose-leaf b9d]s1 "o b9d] = ea* organization4 ,^! b9d]s %\ld h a #b in* back 9 ord] to hold "o mon?'s slips conv5i5tly4 ,!y =m our reta9$ record & are invaluable 9 case ( disputes4 ,! duplicates are giv5 to ! m5 :5 !y come = _! wa%4 ,:ile x is a great conv5i5ce to ! m5 to be p]mitt$ to get ! wa% ( _! fri5ds1 at times1 x has be5 f\nd t ?is privilege is abus$4 ,9 su* a case1 ea* man may be compell$ to come = 8 own wa%1 :i* w be f\nd to h a salut>y effect4 ,ord9>ily1 x is suffici5t to te> (f ! top ( ! duplicate slips at ! "t ( deliv]y1 ?us %[+ t ! wa% has be5 call$ = & deliv]$4 ,at ! beg9n+ ( ea* mon?1 ea* organization makes out a li/ ( ! m5 9 ! company1 a c>bon copy ( ,=m #be is ! easie/ to furni%4 ,on ! fir/ day ^u :i* any organization s5ds wa% to ! laundry1 "s designat$ ,n4,c4,o4 ( t organization m>ks 9 ! fir/ blank column opposite ea* man's "n1 in=mation z to :e!r or n he s5t laundry on t date4 ,su* entries w\ld be 8,,yes0 7by us+ a rubb] /amp7 if ! man s5t laundry2 8,s01 if he did n1 ?r\gh be+ sick 9 hospital2 8,a01 mean+ tempor>ily abs5t2 8,d01 mean+ dis*>g$1 etc4 ,:5 ! bat*es ( wa% belong+ to ?is organization are receiv$ at ! laundry & ea* bundle or bat* has be5 *eck$ z be=e describ$1 ! entries on ! consolidat$ li/ are *eck$ aga9/ ! orig9al laundry slips z ! latt] are be+ plac$ 9 ! b9d]s4 ,?is is to insure ! correctness ( ! consolidat$ li/4 ,aft] ?is is done1 ! consolidat$ li/ is return$ to ! organization1 & ! above op]ations are repeat$ ^u e succe$+ wa%-day dur+ ! mon?4 ,at ! end ( ! mon?1 all extras1 su* z *>ges = press+ uni=ms1 excessive numb] ( pieces 9 wa%1 etc41 are *>g$ up on ! orig9al li/s1 ! totals = ! mon? f\nd by m5tal addition & said total ent]$ on ! la/ orig9al li/ = ! mon? p]ta9+ to ea* man1 also1 if desir$1 b only = cog5t reasons1 on ! consolidat$ li/4 ,^! totals are !n s5t to ! ,po/ ,ex*ange = incorporation 9 ! pay table collection %eet4 ,if ! b9d]s are tak5 to ! ,ex*ange1 ! totals c be read f !m )\t ! necessity ( ent]+ ^! totals on ! consolidat$ li/ at all4 ,at ?is "t1 all ( ! orig9al li/s are lift$ f _! b9d]s1 tempor>ily b\nd ) tw9e1 & s5t to ! ,ex*ange = file until ! bills are paid1 :5 !y may be de/roy$4 ,piece ,"w4 ,9 ?is case1 a diff]5t li/ is us$4 ,see ,=m #ba1 %[n 9 ,fig4 #ce4 ,^! li/s are made up into duplicat+ pads j ! same z ! soldi]s' laundry li/s1 & are h&l$ 9 exactly ! same mann]1 except t no consolidat$ li/ is kept4 ,!y measure #e #h in*es1 l ! o!rs4 ,at ! end ( ! mon?1 ! am\nt ( laundry bills on ea* reta9$ orig9al li/ is c>ri$ =w>d & ! total ent]$ on ! la/ slip4 ,^! totals are !n transf]r$ to ! ,*>ge ,acc\nts ,book previ\sly describ$4 7,te>+ a half in* (f ! upp] "r h& corn] ( all b ! la/ slip = ! mon? = ea* cu/om] makes ! b9d] self-index+47 ,illu/ration3 ,figure #ce1 7,r$uc$ 9 size7 ,! above %[s h[ all am\nts due ! laundry are transf]r$ to ! ,ex*ange books1 b !re are "o or two po9ts 9 ?is connection t des]ve at lea/ a pass+ notice4 ,! fir/ ( ^! is ! ,damage ,report4 ,?is1 ,=m #bd1 %[n 9 ,fig4 #cf1 %\ld be made up 9 ! =m ( a duplicat+ pad1 #c #e in*es be+ a /&>d size4 ,"o copy ( ?is =m1 pref]ably1 ! orig9al1 is reta9$ 9 ! book or fil$ 9 a c>d index draw]2 ! duplicate is return$ to ! prop] cu/om] ) 8 wa% 9 :i* ! damag$ articles 7 f\nd4 ,z be=e not$1 :5 damag$ clo?+ is f\nd 9 any wa% dur+ ! 8m>k+ 90 process1 ! damag$ articles are plac$ aside4 ,!y are !n ent]$ on ?is =m1 inspect$ by ! (fic] 9 *>ge1 or p]son designat$ by him1 & !n s5t ?r\gh ! wa%4 ,illu/ration3 ,figure #cf1 7,r$uc$ 9 size7 ,claim ,settlem5ts4 ,:5 a claim = damages1 loss1 etc41 is settl$ 9 favor ( ! claimant a report %\ld be made on ,=m #bb 7,see ,fig4 #cg71 to ! ,po/ ,ex*ange4 ,?is =m %\ld be made up 9 triplicat+ pads1 "o copy = ! ,ex*ange book-keep]2 ano!r1 pla9ly /amp$ 8duplicate01 = ! claimant1 & a ?ird to be reta9$ by ! ,laundry1 ei!r 9 ! book or 9 a c>d index draw]1 pref]ably ! latt]4 ,illu/ration3 ,figure #cg1 7,r$uc$ 9 size7 ,inv5tories4 ,^! are tak5 9 ! same g5]al way z 9 o!r bran*es ( ! ,ex*ange except t ! co/ price alone is consid]$4 ,:5 f9i%$1 ! totals %[n by ! v>i\s c>ds are add$ on ! ma*9e & ! result giv5 to ! ,ex*ange book-keep] 9 ord] to p]mit him to make out ! pr(it & loss %eet4 ,! c>ds are fil$ 9 a c>d index draw] until !y are us$ up1 :5 !y may be transf]r$ to a dead file4 ,pay ,rolls4 ,^! are h&l$ 9 exactly ! same mann] z ! ,ex*ange pay roll4 ,!y may be made out sep>ately by ! ,laundry au?orities or incorporat$ 9 ! regul> ,ex*ange roll4 ,9 any case1 !y %\ld be made out f ! "t book kept by ! ,laundry sup]9t5d5t4 ,! accuracy ( ?is book %\ld be *eck$ frequ5tly 9 ! usual ways4 ,miscellane\s ,laundry ,records4 ,9 addition to ! above1 ! laundry %\ld keep accurate track ( ! am\nts sp5t 9 repairs or r5ewals ( ea* ma*9e or compon5t "p ( ! laundry4 ,9 ! inv5tory book %\ld be ent]$ a prop] rate ( depreciation aga9/ ea* ma*9e1 etc41 & ?is depreciation %\ld be writt5 (f p]iodically by ! ,ex*ange ,c\ncil1 say once p] ye>4 ,!n1 if any organization wi%es to sell out or to buy 91 x w be a simple matt] to arrive at a prop] valuation ( ! laundry & its fixtures4 ,!re %\ld be on h& bluepr9ts ( ! laundry build+1 %[+ dim5sions & details ( con/ruction4 ,!re %\ld also be on h& a complete diagram ( all ! /eam & wat] pipes1 connections1 valves1 etc4 ,= co/-keep+1 :i* w\ld be desirable if x c be done conv5i5tly )\t add+ too mu* co/1 o!r records w\ld h to be kept4 ,! ,bak]-,vawt] ,company has giv5 ?is po9t special att5tion & h devis$ a sy/em :i* is us$ by _m memb]s ( ! ,laundryman's ,national ,association4 ,,audit+4 ,x is n too mu* to say t ! mon?ly audit ( ! ,ex*ange books is usually done poorly & ineffici5tly4 ,?is is due to sev]al causes4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 v few (fic]s h ev] _h exp]i5ce fitt+ !m = su* a task1 & /ill few] h any lik+ = ! op]ation4 ,! av]age audit consi/s ( c\nt+ ! ca% & see+ if ! v\*]s to ! ca% acc\nt are correct1 b a prop] audit is some?+ diff]5t4 ,! ,c\ncil %\ld expect1 z a result ( ! audit1 a cle> /atem5t ( ! /atus ( ! ,ex*ange toge!r ) recomm5dations = improvem5t & reports ( any irregul>ities1 etc4 ,an audit+ (fic] :o sp5ds 8 "t f9d+ out :e!r or n ! books conta9 any mi/akes 9 addition is n p]=m+ 8 prop] functions z auditor4 ,r$uc$ to its simple/ t]ms ! duties ( an auditor may be express$ z f9d+ ! correct answ]s to ! foll[+3-- 7a7 ,7 all assets on h& z %[n8 7b7 ,7 !re any assets n %[n8 7c7 ,7 all ! liabilities real ones8 7d7 ,7 all liabilities %[n8 7e7 ,7 all liabilities prop]ly incurr$8 7f7 ,7 all e>n+s acc\nt$ =8 7g7 ,7 any e>n+s omitt$ f ! /atem5t8 7h7 ,7 all disbursem5ts1 exp5ses & losses prop]ly /at$ & support$8 ,9 ! foll[+ pages an attempt w be made to lay d[n a sy/em ( proc$ure :i* w enable ! auditor to secure prop] answ]s to ! above que/ions 9 ! mo/ exp$iti\s mann]4 ,= ?is purpose1 ! use ( ,=m #cc1 %[n bel[1 is recomm5d$4 ,!y %\ld be on %eets con=m+ 9 size & pun*+ to ^? us$ 9 ! book us$ = record+ ! proce$+s ( ! ,ex*ange ,c\ncil4 ,?is rem>k also applies to ,=ms #af & #cb1 previ\sly describ$4 ,=m ,no4 #cc4 ,,/atem5t ,,( ,,audit ,,( ,,po/ ,,ex*ange1 ,,=t ,,hancock1 ,n4 ,j4 ,= ! mon? end+ ,m>* #ca1 #aiae4 ,i c]tify t ! ca% balance ( ! ,po/ ,ex*ange1 ,=t ,hancock1 ,n4 ,j41 on ! #ca/ day ( ,m>*1 #aiae1 0 ?ree ?\s& five hundr$ =ty-two doll>s & sev5ty-six c5ts 7#c1edb4gf7 & 0 held z foll[s3-- ,second ,national ,bank1 ,new ,york ,city #c1jjj4jj ,9 ,(fice ,safe #edb4gf --------- ,,total #c1edb4gf 7,sign$7 ,e4 ,a4 ,,br[n1 #a/ ,lieut41 ,c4 ,a4 ,c41 ,ex*ange ,(fic]4 ,,auditor',s ,,/atem5t4 #a4 ,*>ge ,acc\nts3-- ,take reta9$ sales slips = at lea/ ?ree diff]5t days & select1 at r&om1 at lea/ five sales on ea*4 ,are ^! sales ent]$ on ,=m #i8444 ,comp>e sev]al consecutive sales on ea* day's record ) add+ ma*9e & ca% regi/] /rips4444 ,are ! totals = ea* ( ^! days ent]$ on ! ,/ew>d's daily report1 ,=m #d8444 ,are ^! entries on ,=m #d support$ by cl]ks' reports1 ,=m #e1 = same totals8444 ,are ! total *>ge sales on ,=m #d correctly transf]r$ to ! daily summ>y %[n on ,=m #g8444 ,d !y *eck ) ,=m #f8444 ,has ! ,bills ,receivable acc\nt 9 ! ,l$g] be5 debit$ ) ! total %[n on ,=m #g8444 ,h am\nts %[n on ,=m #g be5 cr$it$ to ! v>i\s dep>tm5ts 9 ! ,l$g]8444 ,h all cr$its be5 ent]$ on ,=m #f8444 ,are !y *>g$ aga9/ ! v>i\s dep>tm5ts8444 ,are !y cr$it$ to ,bills ,receivable8444 ,are !y not$ on ,=m #d8444 ,9 sep>ate li/1 %[ :at bills h be5 due ! ,ex*ange = m ?an "o mon?4 #b4 ,ca% ,sales3-- ,take ! cl]ks' reports = ! above select$ days3 are ! ca% sales & c\pon sales %[n !reon prop]ly ent]$ on ! ,/ew>d's daily report1 ,=m #d8444 ,d ,=ms #d agree ) ! ca% regi/] records8444 ,are entries on ,=m #d correctly transf]r$ to ! ca% book8444 ,are totals ( dep>tm5t columns 9 ca% book correctly po/$ to ! acc\nts ( ! respective dep>tm5ts 9 ! ,l$g]8444 #c4 ,c\pon ,sales3-- ,d ! total c\pons sales %[n on ,=m #d = ! select$ days agree ) ! ca% regi/] records = ^! days8444 ,are entries on ,=m #d correctly po/$ to ,=m #bf8444 ,are total c\pon sales = ea* dep>tm5t %[n on ,=m #bf cr$it$ to ^! dep>tm5ts 9 ! ,l$g]8444 ,are total c\pon sales debit$ to ,*eck ,acc\nt 9 ! ,l$g]8444 ,are c\pon books on h& safely /or$8444 ,are !y correctly acc\nt$ =8444 ,:at value ( c\pons issu$ dur+ ! mon? ( :i* !re is no record8444 ,are total c\pons issu$ dur+ ! mon? correctly cr$it$ to ,*eck ,acc\nt 9 ! ,l$g]8444 ,are !y prop]ly debit$ aga9/ ,bills ,receivable1 ,cr$it ,c\pons8444 ,is !re any gr\nd = believ+ ! /at$ value ( c\pons out/&+ to be errone\s8444 ,any compla9ts f m5 t !y are errone\sly *>g$ = c\pons8444 ,is total ca% receiv$ = c\pons 7%[n 9 ca% book7 cr$it$ 9 ,l$g] to ,bills ,receivable1 ,cr$it ,c\pons8444 ,d$uct f ! total c\pons ent]$ on all ,=ms #be ! am\nts %[n 9 ca% book z receiv$ = c\pons2 is ! rema9d] prop]ly support$ by unpaid ,=ms #ai8444 ,h ^! unpaid am\nts be5 prop]ly ent]$ on ,=ms #be = next pay day8444 ,:at ef=ts made to collect paym5ts on c\pons pa/ due8444 #d4 ,/ock ,records3-- ,p]=m or *eck ! foll[+ op]ations on ! record ( ,/ock ,transactions1 ,=m #bg1 at sell+ price3--,to inv5tories at fir/ ( mon? add all /ock receiv$ dur+ ! mon?1 subtract f ?is ! inv5tory at ! end ( ! mon?4 ,! rema9d] %\ld equal ! total sales f ! respective dep>tm5ts dur+ ! mon?4 ,any m>k$ discrepancies %\ld be br\ght to ! att5tion ( ! ,c\ncil imm$iately4 7,initials7444 ,*eck sev]al copies ( ,=m #bh aga9/ correspond+ invoices & aga9/ ,pur*ase ,record2 d !y agree8444 ,are ^! values correctly transf]r$ to ,=ms #ag1 ,,bo? at co/ & at sell+ prices8444 ,are ^! ,=ms #ag correctly transf]r$ to ,=m #bg8444 ,are totals on ,=m #bg prop]ly *>g$ aga9/ ! v>i\s dep>tm5ts 9 ! ,l$g] & on ! ,/atem5t8444 ,are inv5tories ent]$ prop]ly 9 ea* dep>tm5t's acc\nt 9 ! ,l$g]8444 ,"u ^: sup]vision 0 /ock tak5 at ! la/ ( ! mon?8444 ,are results ( inv5tory correctly not$ on ,/atem5t8444 ,are all wa/ages1 accid5tal breakages1 etc41 ent]$ on ! /ock records & prop]ly support$8444 ,are w9d[s & doors ( ,ex*ange provid$ ) effici5t locks8444 ,are all civilian employees "u bond8444 ,are ! /ock records kept up to date8444 #e4 ,pur*ases3-- ,*eck ,pur*ase ,record aga9/ ! ,ca% ,book2 d entries correspond8444 ,f 8,total ,pur*ases0 subtract 8,cr$itors0 column 9 ca% book2 does ! rema9d] *eck ) ! balance %[n 9 ! ,bills ,payable1 ,m]*&ise 7or ,cr$itors7 acc\nt 9 ! ,l$g]2 444 ) ! cr$it balance %[n on ! ,pur*ase ,record8444 ,are all bills disc\nt$8444 ,if n1 is !re any excuse = x8444 ,:o makes pur*ases8 #f4 ,ca% ,book3-- ,*eck all v\*]s aga9/ ca% book disbursem5ts4 ,7 all exp5ditures prop] ones8444 ,if n1 give p>ticul>s "u rem>ks4 7a7 ,! foll[+ v\*]s n rec'd back4444 7b7 ,v\*]s n support$ by cancel$ *ecks4444 7c7 ,nos4 ( out/&+ *ecks4444 7d7 ,total value ( same4444 7e7 ,ca% f\nd on h& at end ( mon?4444 7f7 ,ca% 9 bank at end ( mon?1 p] bank /atem5t4444 ,does total ( 7d71 7e7 & 7f7 agree ) ,/atem5t8444 ,look up items 7a71 7b7 & 7c7 m5tion$ 9 prec$+ audit1 are !y n[ complete8444 ,/ate items lack+4444 ,does ,ex*ange ,(fic] keep ! ca% book himself8444 ,does he att5d p]sonally to all ca% transactions8444 ,does any employee h access to ! ca% aft] x is turn$ ov] to ! ,ex*ange ,(fic]8444 ,ca% res]ve is 4444 #g4 ,l$g]3-- ,inspect trial balance2 is x correct & does ! ,l$g] balance8444 ,is ! sy/em be+ rigidly adh]$ to8444 ,report to ! ,c\ncil any omissions or faults f\nd 9 ! mann] ( keep+ ! books4 #h4 ,/atem5ts & ,balance ,%eets3-- ,*eck all items on ,/atem5t ( ,income & ,pr(it & ,loss aga9/ ! orig9al entries2 d !y agree8444 ,:at e>n+s _c be acc\nt$ =8444 ,:at e>n+s are n tak5 up on ! books8444 ,*eck all entries on ,g5]al ,balance ,%eet aga9/ ! orig9al entries2 d !y agree8444 ,are any assets left (f ! books8444 ,7 all assets actually on h& z %[n8444 ,are any liabilities left (f ! books8444 ,among ! liabilities %[n1 are !re any :i* are n real obligations ( ! ,ex*ange8444 #i4 ,g5]al3-- ,is copy ( ,/ew>d's ,report po/$ = in=mation ( cu/om]s8444 ,any books or pap]s :i* %\ld be de/roy$8444 ,any recomm5dations8444 ,if s1 submit !m to ,c\ncil 9 sep>ate report4 ,rem>ks4444 7,sign$7 4444 ,capta91 ,c4 ,a4 ,c41 ,auditor4 ,,ca% ,,regi/]s4 ,9 ,po/ ,ex*ange bus9ess1 ^! ma*9es are ord9>ily us$ 9 record+ all sales1 al?\gh "s ,ex*anges d n r+ up _! *>ge sales1 b rely ^u ! sales slip alone1 an unsafe practice4 ,!re is1 besides1 a sav+ 9 r++ up all sales4 ,^! ma*9es1 if prop]ly h&l$1 & us$ 9 conjunction ) our /ock records at sell+ price %\ld amply protect ! ,ex*ange4 ,9 ord] to secure ! maximum b5efit f a ca% regi/]1 h[ev]1 x %\ld be suit$ to ! "w 9 h&4 ,_m regi/]s h&le b two k9ds ( sales1 *>ge & ca%2 b we h a ?ird k9d1 c\pon sales1 & ! regi/]s 9 use by e dep>tm5t :i* h&les all ?ree k9ds %\ld be arrang$ = su* "w4 ,?is k9d ( a regi/] has ?ree sep>ate add+ me*anisms1 ! appropriate set be+ ?r[n into me% by means ( a movable clut* & indicator at ! left ( ! keybo>d4 ,9 r++ up ea* sale1 ! cl]k sets ! indicator at 8ca%01 8c\pons0 or 8*>ge01 z ! case may be1 be=e turn+ ! h&le2 ! total sales ( any k9d c be read at any "t by anyone possess+ ! key :i* unlocks ! read+ w9d[4 ,?us1 ! ,/ew>d1 at ! close ( bus9ess on any day1 c asc]ta9 ^! totals 9 a few seconds1 in/ead ( hav+ to transf] !m f ! ca% regi/] record tape to ! add+ ma*9e4 ,?us1 consid]able "t & labor are sav$4 ,we %\ld also be able to tell :i* cl]k made e sale4 ,?is is accompli%$ by hav+ a sep>ate pu% button = e cl]k & requir+ ! cl]ks to pun* ! prop] button be=e r++ up _! sale4 ,! record tape ( ! ma*9e w !n %[ ! full p>ticul>s ( e sale--h[ mu* x 01 :at k9d ( a sale x 0 & :o made x4 ,! size ( ! keybo>d is det]m9$ by ! probable value ( ! l>ge/ sale4 ,9 dep>tm5ts :]e !re c be b two diff]5t k9ds ( sales1 say *>ge & ca%1 a ma*9e )\t ! movable clut* c be us$4 ,a mod]n developm5t ( ! ca% regi/] is ! 8,slip ,pr9t+0 device4 ,by ?is1 we mean ! pr9t+ ( ! am\nt ( sale on ! sales slip itself1 in/ead ( on ! 8*op ticket04 ,9 our sy/em ( record+ *>ge sales1 :]e ! cu/om] is giv5 a copy ( ! sales slip1 x is unnecess>y = him to h ! *op ticket1 too1 b x is necess>y = u to "k t 8 sales slip calls = ! same am\nt t has be5 rung up on ! regi/]4 ,= ?is purpose1 ! regi/] c & %\ld be arrang$ = 8,slip ,pr9t+01 t is1 = pr9t+ directly on ! sales slip :atev] am\nt is rung up on ! regi/]4 ,?is arrangem5t c be made )\t extra co/ 9 ! case ( a new ma*9e4 ,! sales slip !n h&$ to ! cu/om] !n %[s him exactly :at am\nt 0 rung up on ! regi/]4 ,! slip %[n 9 ,fig4 #a 0 treat$ 9 ?is way1 al?\gh ! slip 0 n orig9ally design$ = ?is "w4 ,ano!r slip is %[n 9 ,fig4 #ch4 ,a ca% regi/] embody+ ! above describ$ *>act]i/ics is %[n 9 ,fig4 #ci4 ,illu/ration3 ,figure #ch1 7,r$uc$ 9 size7 ,illu/ration3 ,figure #ci ,x is app>5t t if we c be sure t all sales are rung up on ! regi/] ! ,ex*ange c suff] no loss except by p]sons tak+ /ock f ! %elves1 a proposition :i* is c>$ = by our /ock records4 ,!re=e1 x is important to devise means = insur+ t e sale is prop]ly rung up4 ,!re are v>i\s means to ?is end4 ,"o is to provide a s]ies ( lock$ boxes1 "o = ea* organization at ! po/1 ea* provid$ ) a slit 9 ! cov] l>ge en\gh to admit a *op ticket4 ,^! boxes to be pla9ly labell$ ) ! designation ( ! respective organizations1 & all cu/om]s to be in/ruct$ to drop _! *op tickets into ^! boxes4 ,:5ev] divid5ds are decl>$1 a c]ta9 proportion ( same to be divid$ 9 ! same proportion z exi/s among ! total values ( ! tickets 9 ! v>i\s boxes4 ,unless ^! tickets are c\nt$ by a committee f ! v>i\s organizations1 ?is s*eme w\ld entail consid]able cl]ical "w = ! ,ex*ange (fice =ce4 ,! s*eme practically am\nts to di/ribut+ a "p ( ! divid5d accord+ to ! am\nt ( bus9ess done by ! respective organizations--a necessity 9 ! r>e case :5 "o or m organizations boycott ! ,ex*ange4 ,x is said t ! memb]s ( ! v>i\s organizations soon become effici5t ag5ts 9 promot+ ! practice ( cu/om]s dem&+ ! *op tickets f ! cl]ks4 ,ano!r s*eme is = ! ,ex*ange ,(fic] to inspect ! s]ial numb]s ( ! sales record$ = a c]ta9 "t1 say "o mon?1 & to arbitr>ily select "s "o ( ^! numb]s1 publi% a notice conc]n+ same1 & to pres5t to ! p]son :o produces ! *op ticket be>+ t numb]1 a cr$it at ! ,ex*ange ( #e4jj or s4 ,! ,ex*ange c\ld easily af=d to d ?is1 z ! advantages accru+ f hav+ e sale rung up w m ?an c\nt]balance ?is small exp5diture4 ,o!r devices w readily sugge/ !mselves to ^? :o are int]e/$ 9 ! subject4 ,! ,/ew>d %\ld1 ( c\rse1 keep accurate track ( ! read+s ( ! v>i\s dials ( ! regi/]s4 ,ca% regi/] companies issue books = ?is purpose4 ,! keys to ! regi/]s %\ld be jeal\sly gu>d$1 includ+ ^? to ! read+ w9d[s4 ,a record %\ld be kept ( ! read+s ( ^? dials :i* %[ h[ _m times ! lid ( ! regi/] has be5 op5$4 ,9 leav+ ?is subject1 a fur!r discussion ( :i* is necess>ily curtail$1 x w be well to add t ! be/ way to get satisfaction 9 ?is l9e is to write to ! firm ^: regi/] y int5d buy+ & ask !m to s5d y _! local repres5tative & su* descriptive lit]ature z !y may h at h&4 ,x w !n be an easy matt] to secure a ma*9e exactly suit$ to ! ne$s ( ! case4 ,,conclusion4 ,9 ! =ego+ pages1 ! writ] has attempt$ to outl9e a sy/em ( record-keep+ = our ,po/ ,ex*anges t is at once simple & effici5t1 comply+ ) ! desid]ata set =? 9 ! op5+ pages4 ,no cont5tion is made t ! sy/em is p]fect & incapable ( improvem5t2 b x is ! be/ t ! writ] has se5 9 twelve ye>s' exp]i5ce ) ,po/ ,ex*anges4 ,x is hop$ t x w at lea/ prove wor?y ( be+ tak5 "u advisem5t by mo/ ,po/ ,ex*anges & _m ( its po9ts put into practice4 ,/r5u\s ef=ts h be5 made to expla9 ! sy/em 9 su* simple language t ! av]age employee ( an ,ex*ange c\ld in/all & op]ate x1 )\t ! necessity ( ! ,ex*ange ,(fic] devot+ 8 p]sonal ef=ts to x4 ,an ef=t has also be5 made to simplify matt]s = ! ,ex*ange ,c\ncil & = (fic]s detail$ to audit ! acc\nts1 to %[ :at po9ts are important & :at are n1 h[ to secure a cle> idea ( :at ! bus9ess is actually do+ 9 all its bran*es1 & h[ to prev5t leaks4 ,,! ,,end4