,9 ?is e-text1 text betwe5 und]scores repres5ts text pr9t$ 9 italics1 text betwe5 equal signs repres5ts bold face text1 & text betwe5 tildes repres5ts text pr9t$ 9 ,insul> font4 ,small capitals h be5 replac$ by ,,all ,,capitals4 text repres5ts sup]script text4 ,m ,transcrib]'s ,notes may be f\nd at ! end ( ?is text4 ,,briti% ,,popul> ,,cu/oms ,,pres5t ,,& ,,pa/ ,,george ,,bell ,,& ,,sons1 ,,ltd4 ,,london3 ,,portugal ,,/41 ,,k+sway ,,cambridge3 ,,deighton1 ,,bell ,,& ,,co4 ,,new ,,york3 ,,! ,,macmillan ,,co4 ,,bombay3 ,a4 ,h4 ,,:eel] ,,& ,,co4 ,,briti% ,,popul> ,,cu/oms ,,pres5t ,,& ,,pa/ ,,illu/rat+ ,,! ,,social ,,& ,,dome/ic ,,mann]s ,,( ,,! ,,p ,,arrang$ ,,accord+ ,,to ,,! ,,cal5d> ,,( ,,! ,,ye> ,,by ,,! ,,rev4 ,t4 ,f4 ,,?iselton ,,dy]1 ,m4,a4 ,,pembroke ,,college1 ,,oxon4 ,illu/ration ,,london ,g4 ,,bell ,,& ,,sons1 ,,limit$ #aiaa ,repr9t$ f ,/]eotype plates4 ,,preface4 ,9 pres5t+ ! foll[+ pages to ! ,public ,i d n lay claim to any orig9ality1 my object simply hav+ be5 to collect toge!r1 into a readable & cond5s$ =m1 f v>i\s s\rces )9 my rea*1 acc\nts ( ,cu/oms :i*1 if n already obsolete1 are quickly becom+ s4 ,) reg>d to ! g5]al plan ( ! book1 x speaks = itself4 ,x %\ld1 h[ev]1 be /at$ t ! movable fea/s are plac$ "u ! e>lie/ days on :i* !y c fall4 ,9 conclusion1 ,i w\ld only add t ,i am mu* indebt$ to ,mr4 ,james ,britt51 ( ! ,briti% ,museum1 = ! valuable help & sugge/ions :i* he has giv5 me :il/ pass+ ! pro(-%eets ?r\gh ! ,press4 ,t4 ,f4 ,,?iselton ,,dy]4 ,septemb] #ae?1 #ahge4 ,,popul> ,,cu/oms4 ,,jan4 #a4 ,,new ,,ye>',s ,,day4 ,new ,ye>'s ,day has always be5 a "t ( g5]al rejoic+ & fe/ivity1 its obs]vance be+ *>act]is$ by _m a curi\s cu/om & sup]/iti\s practice4 ,hi/ory tells u h[ on ?is day ! ,druids 7 accu/om$1 ) mu* pomp & c]emony1 to di/ribute bran*es ( ! sacr$ mi/letoe among/ ! p2 ^? preci\s gifts hav+ ! night be=e be5 cut f ! oak-tree 9 a =e/ d$icat$ to ! gods4 ,among ! ,saxons ( ! nor!rn nations ! new ye> 0 u%]$ 9 by fri5dly gifts1 & celebrat$ ) su* extraord9>y fe/ivity t p actually us$ to reckon _! age by ! numb]s ( annual m]ry-mak+s 9 :i* !y _h p>ticipat$4 ,fosbroke1 9 8 ,encyclopdia ( ,antiquities1 notices ! cont9uation ( ! ,roman practice ( int]*ang+ gifts dur+ ! middle & lat] ages2 a cu/om :i* prevail$ especially among/ our k+s1 que5s1 & ! nobility4 ,accord+ to ,mat!w ,p>is1 ,h5ry ,,iii41 foll[+ ! discr$itable example ( "s ( ! ,roman emp]ors1 ev5 extort$ !m f 8 subjects4 ,9 ,rym]'s ,fd]a 7vol4 x4 p4 #chg7 a li/ is giv5 ( ! gifts receiv$ by ,h5ry ,,vi4 betwe5 ,*ri/mas ,day & ,febru>y #d?1 #adbh1 consi/+ ( sums ( #djs41 #bjs41 #acs4 #d;d41 #ajs41 #fs4 #h;d41 & #cs4 #d;d4 ,9 ! reign ( ,h5ry ,,vii4 ! reception ( ! ,new ,ye>'s gifts pres5t$ by ! k+ & que5 to ea* o!r & by _! h\sehold & c\rti]s1 0 r$uc$ to a solemn =mula4 ,agnes ,/rickl&1 9 h] ,lives ( ! ,que5s ( ,engl& 7#ahfd1 vol4 ii4 p4 #hc71 quotes ! foll[+ extract f a ,,ms4 ( ,h5ry ,,vii4's ,norroy h]ald1 9 possession ( ,pet] ,le ,neve1 ,esq43 8,on ! day ( ! ,new ,ye>1 :5 ! k+ came to 8 foot-%eet1 8 u%] ( 8 *amb]-door said to him1 #8,sire1 "h is a ,new ,ye>'s gift com+ f ! que52' !n ! k+ repli$1 #8,let x come 94' ,!n ! k+'s u%] let ! que5's mess5g] come )9 ! yate0 7mean+ ! gate ( ! rail+ :i* surr\nd$ ! royal b$1 in/ances ( :i* are famili> to ! public 9 ! /ate b$rooms at ,hampton ,c\rt to ?is day1 & x is probable t ! sc5e 0 v simil>71 8,h5ry ,,vii4 sitt+ at ! foot ( ! b$ 9 8 dress+-g[n1 ! (fic]s ( 8 b$-*amb] hav+ turn$ ! top %eet smoo?ly d[n to ! foot ( ! b$ :5 ! royal p]sonage rose4 ,! que51#a 9 l mann]1 sat at h] foot-%eet1 & receiv$ ! k+'s ,new ,ye>'s gift )9 ! gate ( h] b$-rail+4 ,:5 ?is =mal ex*ange ( pres5ts _h tak5 place betwe5 ! k+ & 8 consort1 !y receiv$1 seat$ 9 ! same mann]1 ! ,new ,ye>'s gifts ( _! nobles4 #8,&1' adds ! h]ald1 assum+ ! fir/ p]son1 #8,i %all report to ! que5's grace & !m t be ab\t h]1 :at rew>ds are to be giv5 to !m t br+ h] grace ,new ,ye>'s gifts1 = ,i tr[ !y are n s good z ^? ( ! k+4'0 #a ,elizabe? ( ,york4 ,!re is 9 ! possession ( ! ,m>quis ( ,ba?1 ,longleat1 a manuscript1 :i* conta9s a li/ ( moneys giv5 to ,k+ ,h5ry ,,viii4 9 ! tw5ty-f\r? ye> ( 8 reign1 z ,new ,ye>'s gifts4 ,!y are f ar*bi%ops1 bi%ops1 noblem51 doctors1 g5tlem51 c4 ,! am\nt :i* ! k+'s grace complac5tly pocket$ on ?is occasion 0 #gibl4 #ajs4 #aj;d4--,n4 4 ,q4 #d? ,s4 vol4 xi4 p4 #h4 ,hone/ old ,latim]1 h[ev]1 says ,hone 7,e ,day ,book1 #ahcf1 vol4 i4 p4 #g71 in/ead ( pres5t+ ,h5ry ,,viii4 ) a purse ( gold1 put into ! k+'s h& a ,new ,te/am5t1 ) a leaf conspicu\sly d\bl$ d[n at ,hebrews xiii4 #d1 :i*1 on ref]5ce1 w be f\nd to h be5 wor?y ( all acceptation1 ?\gh n1 p]haps1 well accept$4 ,a manuscript roll ( ! public rev5ue ( ! fif? ye> ( ,edw>d ,,vi4 has an entry ( rew>ds giv5 on ,new ,ye>'s ,day to ! k+1 (fic]s1 & s]vants1 am\nt+ to #aeel4 #es41 & also ( sums giv5 to ! s]vants ( ^? :o pres5t$ ,new ,ye>'s gifts to ! k+4 ,dur+ ! reign ( ,que5 ,elizabe?1 ! cu/om ( pres5t+ ,new ,ye>'s gifts to ! sov]eign 0 c>ri$ to an extravagant height4 ,inde$1 ,dr4 ,drake is ( op9ion t ! w>drobe & jewelry ( ,que5 ,elizabe? 7 pr9cipally support$ by ^! annual contributions on ,new ,ye>'s ,day4 ,he cites li/s ( ,new ,ye>'s gifts pres5t$ to h] f ! orig9al rolls publi%$ 9 h] 8progresses0 by ,mr4 ,ni*ols2 & f ^! x appe>s t ! pres5ts 7 made by ! great (fic]s ( /ate1 pe]s & pe]esses1 bi%ops1 knights & _! ladies1 g5tlem5 & g5tlewom51 physicians & apo!c>ies1 & o!rs ( l[] grade1 d[n to h] ,maje/y's du/man4 ,! pres5ts consi/$ ( sums ( money1 co/ly articles ( ornam5t = ! que5's p]son or ap>tm5ts1 caskets /udd$ ) preci\s /ones1 valuable necklaces1 bracelets1 g[ns1 embroid]$ mantles1 smocks1 petticoats1 look+-glasses1 fans1 silk /ock+s1 & a great v>iety ( o!r articles4 ,! l>ge/ sum giv5 by any ( ! temporal lords 0 #bjl42 b ! ,ar*bi%op ( ,cant]bury gave #djl41 ! ,ar*bi%op ( ,york #cjl41 & ! o!r spiritual lords1 #bjl4 & #ajl4 ,dr4 ,drake says1 t al?\gh ,elizabe? made returns to ! ,new ,ye>'s gifts1 9 plate & o!r articles1 yet %e nev]!less took suffici5t c>e t ! balance %\ld be 9 h] own fav\r4 ,9 ! reign ( ,james ,i4 ! money gifts seem to h be5 cont9u$ = "s "t1 b ! ornam5tal articles pres5t$ seem to h be5 few & ( small value4 ,no rolls1 nor1 inde$1 any notices ( ,new ,ye>'s gifts pres5t$ to ,*>les ,i4 seem to h be5 pres]v$1 ?\gh probably !re 7 su*4 ,! cu/om1 no d\bt1 ceas$ entirely dur+ ! ,commonweal?1 & 0 nev] aft]w>ds reviv$1 at lea/1 to any ext5t wor?y ( notice4 ,mr4 ,ni*ols m5tions t ! la/ rema9s ( ! cu/om at c\rt consi/$ 9 plac+ a cr[n-piece "u ! plate ( ea* ( ! *apla9s 9 wait+ on ,new ,ye>'s ,day1 & t ?is cu/om _h ceas$ e>ly 9 ! n9ete5? c5tury4 ,! ,new ,ye>'s gifts1 says ,*amb]s 7,book ( ,days1 vol4 i4 p4 #ca71 pres5t$ by individuals to ea* o!r 7 suit$ to sex1 rank1 situation1 & circum/ances4 ,f ,bi%op ,hall's ,satires 7#aeih71 x appe>s t ! usual gift ( t5antry 9 ! c\ntry to _! l&lords 0 a capon2 & ,c[ley1 address+ ! same class ( society says3 8,ye us$ 9 ! =m] days to fall ,pro/rate to y\r l&lord 9 8 hall1 ,:5 ) l[ legs1 & 9 an humble guise1 ,ye (f]'d up a capon sacrifice ,unto 8 wor%ip1 at a ,new ,ye>'s tide40 ,b5 ,jonson1 9 8 ,*ri/mas ,masque1 among o!r *>act]s introduces 8,new ,ye>'s gift 9 a blue coat1 s]v+-man l1 ) an orange1 & a sprig ( rosem>y on 8 head1 8 hat full ( broo*es1 ) a coll> ( g+]bread1 8 tor*-be>] c>ry+ a m>*pane1 ) a bottle ( w9e on ei!r arm40 ,an orange /uck ) cloves 0 a common pres5t1 & is expla9$ by ,lupton1 :o says t ! flav\r ( ! w9e is improv$1 & ! w9e itself pres]v$ f m\ld9ess1 by an orange or lemon /uck ) cloves be+ hung )9 ! vessel1 s z n to t\* ! liquor4 ,:5 p9s 7 fir/ inv5t$1 & br\ght into use ab\t ! beg9n+ ( ! sixte5? c5tury1 !y 7 a ,new ,ye>'s gift v acceptable to ladies1 in/ead ( ! wood5 skew]s :i* !y _h hi!rto us$4 ,sometimes1 h[ev]1 9 lieu ( p9s1 !y receiv$ a composition 9 money1 call$ p9 money1 an expression :i* has be5 ext5d$ to a sum ( money secur$ by a husb& on 8 m>riage = ! private exp5ses ( 8 wife4 ,gloves1 too1 7 cu/om>y ,new ,ye>'s gifts4 ,!y 7 f> m exp5sive ?an n[adays1 & occasionally a sum ( money 0 giv5 in/ead1 :i* 0 call$ glove money4 ,a hundr$ ye>s ago1 ! ,poet ,laureate n only wrote a ,new ,ye>'s ode1 by way ( salutation to ! sov]eign & royal family1 b ^? illu/ri\s p]sonages sat 9 /ate at ,/4 ,james's1 & he>d x1 z x 0 sung by celebrat$ vocali/s1 = :om x _h be5 compos$ by "s exp]t 9 music4 ,n[ t ! ,laureate's song w\ld be wor? ! li/5+ to1 we h none writt5 especially = ! ,new ,ye>4 ,?is musical fe/ival has ceas$ to be4--,n4 ,q4 #d? ,s4 vol4 xi4 p4 #h4 ,latt]ly1 ,new ,ye>'s ,day has be5 celebrat$ ) b little public fe/ivity1 ! only op5 joy\s demon/ration be+ ! s\nd ( m]ry peals f ! *ur* bells1 z !y r+ out ! ,old & r+ 9 ! ,new ,ye>4 ,_m p]sons make a po9t ( we>+ new clo!s on ?is day1 & consid] any omission ( ! k9d unlucky4 ,at c\rt x is "o ( ! twelve ,(f]+ ,days4--,m$4 vi ,kal5d4 ,hampson1 #ahda1 vol4 i4 p #cc4 ,9 ! ,nor? ( ,engl& x is consid]$ unlucky = any inmate to g out ( ! h\se until "s "o f )\t has ent]$ x2 & ! fir/ foot across ! ?re%old is wat*$ ) great anxiety1 ! good or bad luck ( ! h\se dur+ ! ye>1 dep5d+ on ! fir/ com] be+ a man or a woman4--,n4 ,q4 #bnd ,s4 vol4 xi4 p4 #bdd4 ,op5+ ! ,bible on ?is day is a sup]/iti\s practice obs]v$ 9 "s p>ts ( ! c\ntry1 & mu* cr$it is atta*$ to x4 ,x is usually set ab\t ) "s little c]emony on ! morn+1 be=e breakfa/1 z x mu/ be p]=m$ fa/+4 ,! ,bible is laid on ! table unop5$1 & ! p>ties :o wi% to consult x are !n to op5 x 9 succession4 ,!y are n at lib]ty to *oose any p>ticul> "p ( ! book1 b mu/ op5 x at r&om4 ,:]ev] ?is may happ5 to be1 ! inquir] is to place 8 f+] on any *apt] conta9$ 9 ! two op5 pages1 b )\t any previ\s p]usal or exam9ation4 ,x is believ$ t ! good or ill =tune1 ! happ9ess or ! mis]y1 ( ! consult+ p>ty1 dur+ ! ensu+ ye>1 w be 9 "s way or o!r describ$ & =e%[n by ! cont5ts ( ! *apt]4 ,! cu/om is call$ dipp+4--,pop4 ,antiq4 ,br&1 #ahdi1 vol4 i4 p4 #bj2 ,n4 ,q4 #bnd ,s4 vol4 xii4 p4 #cjc4 ,x is cu/om>y 9 "s places = p]sons to c>ry ab\t decorat$ apples1 & pres5t !m to _! fri5ds4 ,! apples h ?ree skew]s ( wood /uck into !m1 s z to =m a tripod f\ndation2 & _! sides are ornam5t$ ) oat gra9s1 :ile v>i\s ev]gre5s & b]ries adorn ! top4 ,a rais9 is occasionally fa/5$ on ea* oat gra91 b ?is is probably an innovation4--,n4 ,q4 #a/ ,s4 vol4 i4 p4 #bad4 ,9 "s p>ts ( ! c\nty ( ,nott+ham1 on ! fir/ day ( ! ,new ,ye>1 troops ( little *ildr5 might be se5 a few ye>s ago1 ea* be>+ an orange1 an apple1 or a nutmeg1 sometimes gild$1 & /uck ) cloves or rosem>y1 :i* !y 7 c>ry+ to _! fri5ds to ask _! bless+2 ! pres5t ?us giv5 0 g5]ally c>efully res]v$4--,j\r4 ( ! ,ar*ological ,association1 #ahec1 vol4 viii4 p4 #bca4 ,,buck+ham%ire4 ,x appe>s f a ,,ms4 9 ! ,briti% ,museum 7,/atus ,s*ol ,eton5sis1 ,a4,d4 #aefj1 ,,ms4 ,brit4 ,mus4 ,donat4 #dhdc1 fol4 #dbc71 t ! boys ( ,eton ,s*ool us$1 on ! day ( ! ,circumcision1 to play = little ,new ,ye>'s gifts be=e & aft] supp]2 & t boys _h a cu/om on t day1 = good luck's sake1 ( mak+ v]ses1 & s5d+ !m to ! provo/1 ma/]s1 c41 z also ( pres5t+ !m to ea* o!r4 ,,cumb]l& ,,& ,,we/morel&4 ,e>ly 9 ! morn+ ! common p assemble toge!r1 c>ry+ /angs & baskets4 ,any inhabitant1 /rang]1 or :oev] jo9s n ?is ruffian tribe 9 sacrific+ to _! fav\rite sa9t-day1 if un=tunate en\gh to be met by any ( ! b&1 is imm$iately m\nt$ across ! /ang 7if a woman1 %e is basket$71 & c>ri$ %\ld] high to ! ne>e/ public h\se1 :]e ! paym5t ( sixp5ce imm$iately lib]ates ! prison]4 ,none1 ?\gh ev] s indu/ri\sly incl9$1 are p]mitt$ to foll[ _! respective avocations on t day4--,g5t4 ,mag4 #agia1 vol4 lxi4 p4 #aafi4 ,,essex4 ,=m]ly ! bailiffs ( ,maldon s5t on ! fir/ day ( ! ye>1 to ! k+'s vice-admiral ( ,essex a pres5t ( oy/]s & wild f[l4 ,sir ,john ,bram/on notices ! arrival ( ! gift on ,new ,ye>'s ,day 7,m>* #bf71 #afhh1 9 8 ,autobiography1 pr9t$ = ! ,camd5 ,society 9 #ahde4 ,,h]e=d%ire4 ,at ,bromy>d & its neighb\rhood1 z twelve o'clock on ! #ca/ ( ,decemb] draws ne>1 & ! la/ ( ! ,*ri/mas c>ols are he>d )\t doors1 & a pleasurable excitem5t is play+ on ! faces ( ! family ar\nd ! la/ ,*ri/mas log )91 a ru% is made to ! ne>e/ spr+ ( wat]1 & :oev] is =tunate en\gh to fir/ br+ 9 ! 8cream ( ! well10 z x is t]m$1 & ^? :o fir/ ta/e ( x1 h 8prospect ( good luck ?r\gh ! =?com+ ye>40 ,also1 9 ! e>ly h\rs ( ! ,new ,ye>1 aft] a fun]al s]vice has be5 said ov] 8,old ,tom0 z ! old ye> is call$1 at ! public-h\ses & ale & cid] /ores1 ! /reets are fill$ ) boys & m51 s++ 9 ! l\de/ tones possible3 8,i wi% y a m]ry ,*ri/mas ,& a happy ,new ,ye>1 ,a pocket full ( money1 ,& a cell> full ( be]1 ,& a good fat pig ,to s]ve y all ! ye>4 ,ladies & g5tlem5 ,sat 7sic7 by ! fire1 ,pity we poor boys ,out 9 ! mire40 ,! ,antiqu>y1 #ahgc1 vol4 iii4 p4 #g4 ,9 ! neighb\rhood ( ,ross1 x is deem$ mo/ un=tunate = a woman to ent] ! h\se fir/1 & !re=e an inquiry is g5]ally made :e!r a male has previ\sly be5 !re4 ,x is cu/om>y = ! peasantry to s5d ab\t on ?is day a small pyramid1 made ( leaves1 apples1 nuts1 c4--,fosbroke1 ,sket*es ( ,ross1 #ahbb1 p4 #eh4 ,,lanca%ire4 ,%\ld a female1 or a light-hair$ male1 be ! fir/ to ent] a h\se on ! morn+ ( ,new ,ye>'s ,day1 x is suppos$ to br+ bad luck = ! :ole ( ! ye> !n comm5c+4 ,v>i\s precautions are tak5 to prev5t ?is mis=tune3 h5ce _m male p]sons ) black or d>k hair are 9 ! habit ( go+ f h\se to h\se1 on t day1 to take ! ,new ,ye> 92 = :i* !y are treat$ ) liquor1 & pres5t$ ) a small gratuity4 ,s f> is ! appreh5sion c>ri$1 t "s families w n op5 ! door to any "o until satisfi$ by ! voice t he is likely to br+ ! h\se a ye>'s good luck by ent]+ x4 ,! mo/ k9dly & *>itable woman 9 a neighb\rhood w /rongly refuse to give any "o a light on ! morn+ ( ,new ,ye>'s ,day1 z mo/ unlucky to ! "o :o gives x away4--,h>l& & ,wilk9son's ,lanca%ire ,folk-,lore1 #ahfg1 p4 #bad4 ,,isle ,,( ,,man4 ,on ?is day an old cu/om1 says ,tra9 9 8 ,hi/ory ( ! ,isle ( ,man 7#ahde1 vol4 ii4 p4 #aae71 is obs]v$ call$ ! quaaltagh4 ,9 almo/ e p>i% ?r\gh\t ! isl&1 a p>ty ( "y m5 g f h\se to h\se s++ ! foll[+ rhyme3 8,aga9 we assemble1 a m]ry ,new ,ye> ,to wi% to ea* "o ( ! family "h1 ,:e!r man1 woman1 or girl1 or boy1 ,t long life1 & happ9ess1 all may enjoy1 ,may !y ( potatoes & h]r+s h pl5ty1 ,) butt] & *eese1 & ea* o!r da9ty2 ,& may _! sleep nev]1 by night or day1 ,di/urb$ be by ev5 ! too? ( a flea2 ,until at ! ,quaaltagh aga9 we appe>1 ,to wi% y1 z n[1 all a happy ,new ,ye>40 ,:5 ^! l9es are repeat$ at ! door1 ! :ole p>ty are invit$ into ! h\se to p>take ( ! be/ ! family c af=d4 ,on ^! occasions a p]son ( d>k complexion always ent]s fir/1 z a light-hair$ male or female is deem$ unlucky to be ! fir/-foot or quaaltagh on ,new ,ye>'s morn+4 ,! actors ( ! quaaltagh d n assume fanta/ic habilim5ts l ! mumm]s ( ,engl&1 or ! guis>ds ( ,scotl&1 nor d !y1 l ^! rude p]=m]s ( ! ,anci5t ,my/]ies1 appe> ev] to h be5 att5d$ by m9/rels play+ on diff]5t k9ds ( musical in/rum5ts4 ,,nor?umb]l&4 ,! foll[+ extract1 relat+ to ,newca/le-on-,tyne1 is tak5 f ! ,nor? ( ,engl& ,adv]tis] ( ,janu>y #d?1 #ahgc3 ,! *ildr5 on ,new ,ye>'s morn are busy begg+ _! ,new ,ye>'s gifts1 say+1 8,old ,ye> out1 ,new ,ye> 92 please give u my ,new ,ye>'s gift20 or 8,a m]ry ,*ri/mas & a happy ,new ,ye>20 foll[$ by ! usual appeal = a pres5t4 ,! fir/-foot is an important p]sonage4 ,if he %\ld be a d>k man1 x is a sign ( good luck2 if a light "o n s lucky2 b alas6 if a woman1 ! wor/ luck w befall ! h\sehold4 ,simil> to ! fir/ he>+ ( ! cuckoo1 x is ( ! greate/ importance :e!r or n y h money 9 y\r pocket & y\r cupbo>d full on ,new ,ye>'s ,day4 ,,nott+ham%ire4 ,9 ?is c\nty x is consid]$ unlucky to remove any?+ f a h\se until some?+ has be5 br\ght 91 & !re=e1 e>ly 9 ! morn+1 ea* memb] ( ! family c>ries "s trifl+ ?+ 94 ,9 ! neighb\rhood ( ,new>k1 ?is rhyme is sung3 8,take out1 & take 91 ,bad luck is sure to beg92 ,b take 9 & take out4 ,good luck w come ab\t40 ,j\r4 ( ,ar*4 ,assoc4 #ahec1 vol4 viii4 p4 #bca4 ,br&1 9 8 ,pop4 ,antiq4 7#ahdi1 vol4 i4 p4 #ae71 alludes to ?is cu/om z exi/+ 9 ,l9coln & its neighb\rhood4 ,! rhyme he quotes is slightly diff]5t f ! above3 8,take out1 !n take 91 ,bad luck w beg92 ,take 91 !n take out1 ,good luck comes 940 ,,ox=d%ire4 ,po9t]1 9 8 ,oxoni5sis ,academia 7#agdi1 p4 #ga71 alludes to a cu/om1 obs]v$ at ,bras5ose ,college1 ,ox=d1 ( ! ,ba*elors ( ,arts & ,und]graduates belong+ to ! college go+ 9 a body on ,new ,ye>'s ,day to _! ,pr9cipal1 & ea* pres5t+ him ) an epi/le by way ( a ,new ,ye>'s gift1 wi%+ him a happy ,new ,ye>4 ,we le>n f ! same writ]1 t x 0 =m]ly ! practice at ,que5's ,college to give a ne$le & ?read to ! ,fell[s1 be+ a rebus on _! f\nd]'s "n1 ,eglesfield1 aiguille 9 ,fr5* signify+ a ne$le1 & fil a ?read 7p4 #ch74 ,,/af=d%ire4 ,a grotesque manorial cu/om is describ$ z be+ kept up 9 ! reign ( ,*>les ,,ii41 9 connection ) ,hilton4 ,!re exi/$ 9 t h\se a holl[ brass image1 ab\t a foot high1 repres5t+ a man kneel+ 9 an indecor\s position4 ,x 0 kn[n all ov] ! c\ntry z ,jack ( ,hilton4 ,!re 7 two ap]tures2 "o v small at ! m\?1 ano!r ab\t two-?irds ( an in* 9 diamet] at ! back1 & ! int]ior w\ld hold r m ?an f\r p9ts ( wat]1 :i*1 says ,plot 7,hi/ory ( ,/af=d%ire1 #afhf1 p4 #dcc71 #8:5 set to a /rong fire1 evaporates 9 ! same mann] z 9 an olopile1 & v5ts itself at ! m\? 9 a con/ant bla/1 bl[+ ! fire s /rongly t x is v audible1 & makes a s5sible impression 9 t "p ( ! fire :]e ! bla/ lights4' ,! cu/om 0 ?is4 ,an obligation lay ^u ! "l ( ! adjac5t manor ( ,ess+ton1 e ,new ,ye>'s ,day1 to br+ a goose to ,hilton1 & drive x ?ree times r\nd ! hall-fire1 :i* ,jack ( ,hilton 0 all ! "t bl[+ by ! dis*>ge ( 8 /eam4 ,he 0 !n to c>ry ! bird into ! kit*5 & deliv] x to ! cook2 & :5 x 0 dress$ he 0 to c>ry x 9 a di% to ! table ( 8 "l p>am\nt1 ! "l ( ,hilton1 receiv+ 9 return a di% ( meat = 8 own mess4 ,an annual paym5t1 call$ ,moseley's ,dole1 0 =m]ly made by ! corporation1 consi/+ ( a p5ny a piece to all ! inhabitants ( ,walsall1 & ( ! adjo9+ p>i% ( ,ru%all1 :i* is suppos$ to h anci5tly =m$ "p ( t ( ,walsall4 ,?ree p]sons 7 employ$ to make ! di/ribution1 :o began on ,new ,ye>'s ,day1 & w5t ?r\gh ! p>i%es1 giv+ a p5ny to ea* inmate ( e h\se1 :e!r p]man5tly or accid5tally abid+ !re4 ,x is /at$ by ,plot 7,hi/ory ( ,/af=d%ire71 t ! e>lie/ m5tion ( ?is dole is 9 ! #cf? ,h5ry ,,viii41 :5 #gl4 #ajs4 #i;d4 dis*>g$ x4 ,! fir/ trace ( x1 h[ev]1 t is f\nd 9 ! docum5ts ( ! corporation is 9 #afcb1 :5 its am\nt 0 #adl4 #is4 #d;d4 ,! am\nt increas$ gradually till #agii1 :5 x 0 #fjl41 & until ! "t ( its cessation 9 #ahbe1 x rema9$ ye>ly ab\t ! same4 ,!re are _m traditions respect+ ! orig9 ( ?is dole1 b !y all concur 9 attribut+ x to "o ,?omas ,moseley1 f :om an e/ate at ,bascott 9 ,w>wick%ire 0 d]iv$4 ,! donor1 9 grant+ ?is e/ate to ! ,corporation1 *>g$ x ) ! annual paym5t ( n9e m>ks to ! ,abbot ( ,hales ,ow51 8:o %\ld keep "o m>k = 8 lab\rs 9 di/ribut+ ! rema9+ eight m>ks1 at ! obit ( ! said ,?omas ,moseley at ,walsall1 = ! s\ls ( ! said ,?omas & ,m>g>y 8 wife1 & o!rs2 & ?is by ! ov]sight ( ! ,vic> ( ,walsall1 & ( all ! *apla9s ( ! ,guild ( ,/4 ,john ! ,bapti/1 ( ! *ur* ( ,walsall40 ,! eight m>ks above nam$ 7 no d\bt ! orig9 ( ! dole1 & w\ld1 be=e ! ,re=mation1 be amply suffici5t to supply a p5ny a piece to all ! p>i%ion]s1 or at lea/ to all :o repair$ to ! *ur* on ! obit day1 to pray = ! donor & 8 wife--a sup]/iti\s cu/om :i* caus$ ! e/ate to be seiz$ by ,h5ry ,,viii41 :5 he suppress$ ! mona/]ies4--,hi/ory ( ,/af=d%ire1 ,:ite1 #aheg1 p4 #fde2 ,old ,engli% ,cu/oms & ,*>ities1 #ahdb1 p4 #ee4 ,,sussex4 ,at ,ha/+s1 apples1 nuts1 oranges1 c41 z well z money1 are ?r[n out ( ! w9d[s to be scrambl$ = by ! fi%]-boys & m54 ,! cu/om is n kept up ) ! _s ( =m] days4 ,,w>wick%ire4 ,9 ! city ( ,cov5try a sort ( cake kn[n by ! "n ( ,god-cakes is s5t4 ,!y are us$ by all classes1 & v>y 9 price f a halfp5ny to "o p\nd4 ,!y are inv>iably made 9 a triangul> %ape1 an in* ?ick1 & fill$ ) a k9d ( m9cemeat4 ,s g5]al is ! use ( !m on ! fir/ day ( ! ,new ,ye>1 t ! *eap] sorts are hawk$ ab\t ! /reets z hot cross buns are on ,good ,friday 9 ,london4 ,?is cu/om seems peculi> to ,cov5try4--,n4 ,q4 #bnd ,s4 vol4 ii4 p4 #bbi4 ,,worce/]%ire4 ,a belief exi/s 9 ?is c\nty1 t if ! c>ol s+] :o fir/ comes to ! door on ,new ,ye>'s morn+ be admitt$ at ! front door1 conduct$ ?r\gh ! h\se1 & let out at ! back ! inmates w h good luck dur+ ! ye>4--,n4 ,q4 #bnd ,s4 vol4 iii4 p4 #cac4 ,,york%ire4 ,! foll[+ qua9t acc\nt ( a :imsical cu/om =m]ly obs]v$ on ,new ,ye>'s ,day is tak5 f ,bl\nt's ,fragm5ta ,antiquitatis1 #ahae1 p4 #eee3 ,ne> ,hutton ,cony]s !re is a l>ge common1 call$ ,hutton ,cony]s ,moor1 :]e( ,william ,aislabie1 ,esq41 ( ,/udley ,royal 7"l ( ! ,manor ( ,hutton ,cony]s71 is "l ( ! soil1 & on :i* !re is a l>ge coney-w>r5 belong+ to ! "l4 ,! occupi]s ( messuages & cottages )9 ! sev]al t[ns ( ,hutton ,cony]s1 ,bald]sby1 ,ra9ton1 ,di%=?1 & ,hewick1 h "r ( e/ray = _! %eep to c]ta9 limit$ b\nd>ies on ! common1 & ea* t[n%ip has a %eph]d4 ,! "l's %eph]d has a pre-em95ce ( t5d+ 8 %eep on e "p ( ! common2 & :]ev] he h]ds ! "l's %eep1 ! sev]al o!r %eph]ds are to give way to him1 & give up _! ho(+-place s long z he pleases to depa/ure ! "l's %eep !reon4 ,! "l holds 8 c\rt ! fir/ day 9 ! ye>1 to entitle ^? sev]al t[n%ips to su* "r ( e/ray2 ! %eph]d ( ea* t[n%ip att5ds ! c\rt1 & does fealty1 by br++ to ! c\rt a l>ge apple-pie1 & a twop5ny sweetcake 7except ! %eph]d ( ,hewick1 :o comp\nds by pay+ sixte5-p5ce = all1 :i* is drunk z aft] m5tion$17 & a wood5 spoon2 ea* pie is cut 9 two1 & divid$ by ! bailiff1 "o half betwe5 ! /ew>d1 bailiff1 & ! t5ant ( ! coney-w>r5 be=e m5tion$1 & ! o!r half into six p>ts1 & divid$ among/ ! six %eph]ds ( ! above m5tion$ six t[n%ips4 ,9 ! pie br\ght by ! %eph]d ( ,ra9ton an inn] "o is made1 fill$ ) prunes4 ,! cakes are divid$ 9 ! same mann]4 ,! bailiff ( ! manor provides furm5ty & mu/>d1 & deliv]s to ea* %eph]d a slice ( *eese & a p5ny roll4 ,! furm5ty1 well mix$ ) mu/>d1 is put into an e>!n pot1 & plac$ 9 a hole 9 ! gr\nd1 9 a g>? belong+ to ! bailiff's h\se2 to :i* place ! /ew>d ( ! c\rt1 ) ! bailiff1 t5ant ( ! w>r51 & six %eph]ds1 adj\rn ) _! respective wood5 spoons4 ,! bailiff provides spoons = ! /ew>ds1 ! t5ant ( ! w>r51 & himself4 ,! /ew>d fir/ pays respect to ! furm5ty1 by tak+ a l>ge spoonful2 ! bailiff has ! next hon\r1 ! t5ant ( ! w>r5 next1 !n ! %eph]d ( ,hutton ,cony]s1 & aft]w>ds ! o!r %eph]ds by regul> turns2 !n ea* p]son is s]v$ ) a glass ( ale 7paid = by ! sixte5-p5ce br\ght by ! ,hewick %eph]d71 & ! heal? ( ! "l ( ! manor is drank2 !n !y adj\rn back to ! bailiff's h\se1 & ! fur!r bus9ess ( ! c\rt is proce$$ )4 ,ea* pie conta9s ab\t a peck ( fl\r1 is ab\t sixte5 or eighte5 in*es diamet]1 & z l>ge z w g into ! m\? ( an ord9>y ov54 ,! bailiff ( ! manor measures !m ) a rule1 & takes ! diamet]2 & if !y are n ( a suffici5t capacity1 he ?reat5s to return !m1 & f9e ! t[n4 ,if !y are l>ge en\gh1 he divides !m ) a rule & compasses into f\r equal p>ts2 ( :i* ! /ew>d claims "o1 ! w>r5] ano!r1 & ! rema9d] is divid$ among/ ! %eph]ds4 ,9 respect to ! furm5ty1 ! top ( ! di% 9 :i* x is put is plac$ level ) ! surface ( ! gr\nd2 all p]sons pres5t are entitl$ to eat ( x1 & ^? :o d n1 are n deem$ loyal to ! "l4 ,e %eph]d is oblig$ to eat ( x1 & = t purpose is to take a spoon 9 8 pocket to ! c\rt2 = if any ( !m neglect to c>ry a spoon ) him he is to lay him d[n ^u 8 belly1 & sup ! furm5ty1 ) 8 face to ! pot or di%2 at :i* "t x is usual1 by way ( sport1 = "s ( ! by/&]s to dip 8 face into ! furm5ty2 & sometimes a %eph]d1 = ! sake ( div]sion1 w purposely leave 8 spoon at home4 ,9 ! ,nor? ,rid+ ( ,york%ire1 ^? :o h n ! common mat]ials = mak+ a fire1 g5]ally sit )\t "o on ,new ,ye>'s ,day2 = none ( _! neighb\rs1 al?\gh hospitable at o!r times1 w suff] !m to light a c&le at _! fires4 ,if !y d1 x is believ$ t "o ( ! family w die )9 ! ye>4--,g5t4 ,mag4 #ahaa1 vol4 lxxxi4 p4 #dbd4 ,subjo9$ is all t appe>s to h surviv$ ( ! ,york%ire ,hagm5a song3#b 8,to-night x is ! ,new ,ye>'s night1 to-morr[ is ! day1 ,& we are come = our "r & = our ray1 ,z we us$ to d 9 old ,k+ ,h5ry's day ,s+ fell[s1 s+1 hag man1 ha6 ,if y g to ! bacon-flick1 cut me a good bit2 ,cut1 cut1 & l[1 bew>e ( y\r maw2 ,cut1 cut1 & r\nd1 bew>e ( y\r ?umb1 ,t me & my m]ry m5 may h "s4 ,s+ fell[s1 s+1 hag-man1 ha6 ,if y g to ! black ark1 br+ me t5 m>ks2 ,t5 m>ks1 t5 p\nd1 ?r[ x d[n ^u ! gr\nd1 ,t me & my m]ry m5 may h "s4 ,s+ fell[s1 s+1 hag-man1 ha60 ,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq4 #ahgj1 vol4 i4 p4 #aa4 #b ,see #8,new ,ye>'s ,eve4' ,,scotl&4 ,9 ! ,memoirs ( ,"l ,langdale by ,sir ,t4 ,d4 ,h>dy1 #aheb1 vol4 i4 p4 #ee1 occurs ! foll[+3 8,be+ 9 ,scotl&1 ,i ought to tell y ( ,scot* cu/oms2 & really !y h a *>m+ "o on ?is occasion 7i4e4 ,new ,ye>'s ,day74 ,:e!r x is meant z a f>ewell c]emony to ! old "o1 or an introduction to ! ,new ,ye>1 ,i c't tell2 b on ! #ca/ ( ,decemb]1 almo/ ev]ybody has a p>ty1 ei!r to d9e or sup4 ,! company1 almo/ entirely consi/+ ( "y p1 wait toge!r till twelve o'clock /rikes1 at :i* "t e "o beg9s to move1 & !y all fall to "w4 ,at :at8 :y1 kiss+4 ,ea* male is successively lock$ 9 pure ,platonic embrace ) ea* female2 & aft] ?is gr& c]emony1 :i* ( c\rse creates inf9ite fun1 !y sep>ate & g home4 ,?is matt] is n at all conf9$ to ^!1 b :]ev] man meets woman x is ! p>ticul> privilege ( ?is h\r4 ,! common p ?9k x necess>y to dr9k :at !y call hot-p9t1 :i* consi/s ( /rong be]1 :isky1 eggs1 c42 a mo/ horrid composition2 z bad1 or worse ?an t infam\s mixture call$ fig-"o1#c :i* ! ,engli% p dr9k on ,good ,friday40 #c ,d\btless a mispr9t = fig-sue4 ,see "u ,good ,friday4 ,! lett] f :i* ?is is an extract is sign$ ,h5ry ,beck]/e?1 & dat$ ,ed9burgh1 ,janu>y #a/1 #ahjb4 ,till v few ye>s ago1 9 ,scotl& 7says a correspond5t ( ,*amb]s' ,book ( ,days1 vol4 i4 p4 #bh71 ! cu/om ( fir/-foot+ 0 practis$ on ,new ,ye>'s morn+4 ,on ! approa* ( twelve o'clock ( ! la/ night ( ! old ye>1 a hot-p9t#d 0 prep>$--t is1 a kettle or flagon full ( w>m1 spic$1 & sweet5$ ale1 ) an infusion ( spirits4 ,:5 ! clock _h /ruck ! knell ( ! dep>t$ ye>1 ea* memb] ( ! family drank ( ?is mixture1 8& good heal?1 & a happy ,new ,ye>1 & _m ( !m1 to all ! re/10 ) a g5]al h&-%ak+1 & p]haps a dance r\nd ! table1 ) ! addition ( a song to ! tune ( ,hey tuttie taitie3 8,weel may we a' be1 ,ill may we nev] see4 ,"h's to ! k+ ,& ! gude companie60 c4 #d ,call$ also a het-p9t4 ,"t's ,telescope1 #ahbd1 p4 #c4 ,! eld]s ( ! family w\ld !n mo/ probably sally out ) ! hot kettle1 & be>+ also a compet5t provision ( buns & %ort-bread1 or bread-&-*eese1 ) ! design ( visit+ _! neighb\rs1 & int]*ang+ ) !m ! same cordial greet+s4 ,if !y met by ! way ano!r p>ty simil>ly b5t :om !y knew1 !y w\ld /op1 & give & take sips f _! respective kettles4 ,rea*+ ! fri5d's h\se1 !y w\ld ent] ) vocif]\s good wi%es1 & soon s5d ! kettle circulat+4 ,if !y 7 ! fir/ to ent] ! h\se s9ce twelve o'clock !y 7 deem$ z ! fir/-foot2 & z su* x 0 mo/ important = luck to ! family 9 ! com+ ye>1 t !y %\ld make ?is entry n empty-h&$1 b ) _! h&s full ( cakes1 & bread-&-*eese2 ( :i*1 on ! o!r h&1 civility dem&$ t ea* individual 9 ! h\se %\ld p>take4 ,to su* an ext5t did ?is cu/om prevail 9 ,ed9burgh1 9 ! recollection ( p]sons /ill liv+1 t accord+ to _! acc\nt1 ! pr9cipal /reets 7 m ?rong$ betwe5 twelve & "o 9 ! morn+ ?an !y usually 7 at mid-day4 ,mu* innoc5t mir? prevail$1 & mutual good feel+s 7 l>gely promot$4 ,an unlucky circum/ance :i* took place on ! #a/ ,janu>y1 #ahab1 prov$ ! means ( ne>ly ext+ui%+ ! cu/om4 ,a small p>ty ( reckless boys =m$ ! design ( turn+ ! innoc5t fe/ivities ( fir/-foot+ to acc\nt = purposes ( plund]4 ,!y kept _! c\nsel well4 ,no soon] _h ! p come abroad on ! pr9cipal ?or\ghf>es ( ! ,old ,t[n ?an ^! y\?s salli$ out 9 small b&s1 & comm5c$ ! bus9ess :i* !y _h und]tak54 ,_! previ\s agreem5t 0 to look out = ! :ite neckclo?s1 su* be+ ! be/ m>k by :i* !y c\ld di/+ui% 9 ! d>k individuals likely to c>ry any prop]ty wor?y ( be+ tak54 ,a great numb] ( g5tlem5 7 ?us spoil$ ( _! wat*es & o!r valuables4 ,! lea/ resi/ance 0 res5t$ by ! mo/ brutal maltreatm5t4 ,a policeman & a "y man ( ! rank ( a cl]k 9 ,lei? di$ ( ! injuries !y _h receiv$4 ,an affair s s+ul>1 s un*>act]i/ic ( ! p among :om x happ5$1 produc$ a widespread & la/+ feel+ ( surprise4 ,! outrage 0 expiat$ by ! execution ( ?ree ( ! y\?ful riot]s on ! *ief sc5e ( _! wick$ness2 b f t "t x 0 obs]v$ t ! old cu/om ( go+ ab\t ) ! hot p9t--! anci5t wassail--fell (f4 ,!re 0 9 ,scotl& also a fir/-foot+ indep5d5t ( ! hot-p9t4 ,x 0 a "t = "s y\?ful fri5d ( ! family to /eal to ! door1 9 ! hope ( meet+ !re ! "y maid5 ( 8 fancy1 & obta9+ ! privilege ( a kiss z h] fir/-foot4 ,great 0 ! disappo9tm5t on 8 "p1 & great ! jok+ among ! family1 if1 ?r\gh accid5t or plan1 "s half-)]$ aunt or anci5t gr&-dame came to receive him in/ead ( ! bloom+ ,j5ny4--,book ( ,days1 vol4 i4 p4 #bi4 ,9 ! s\? ( ,scotl&1 z soon z ! clock has /ruck ! midnight h\r1 "o ( a family goes to ! well z quickly z possible1 & c>efully skims x2 ?is !y call gett+ ! scum or ream 7cream7 ( ! well3 8,twall /ruck--twa neeb\r hizzies raise1 ,an' lilt9 ga$ a sad gate2 ,! fl[] o' ! well to our h\se gaes ,an' ,i'll ! bonnie/ lad get40 ,! fl[] ( ! well signifies ! fir/ pail ( wat]1 & ! girl :o is s =tunate z to obta9 ! prize is suppos$ to h m ?an a d\ble *ance ( obta9+ ! mo/ accompli%$ "y man 9 ! p>i%4--,m$4 vi ,kal5d4 vol4 i4 p4 #abi4 ,z soon z ! la/ night ( ! ye> sets 91 x is ! signal ) ! ,/ra?d[n ,highl&] = ! susp5sion ( 8 usual employm5t1 & he directs 8 att5tion to m agreeable call+s4 ,! m5 =m into b&s1 ) te!rs & axes1 & %ap+ _! c\rse to ! junip] bu%es1 !y return home lad5 ) mighty loads1 :i* are arrang$ r\nd ! fire to dry until morn+4 ,a c]ta9 discreet p]son is despat*$ to ! dead & liv+ =d to draw a pit*] ( wat] 9 pr(\nd sil5ce1 )\t ! vessel t\*+ ! gr\nd1 le/ its virtue %\ld be de/roy$1 & on 8 return all retire to re/4 ,e>ly on ,new ,ye>'s morn+ ! usque-ca%ri*d1 or wat] f ! dead & liv+ =d1 is drunk1 z a pot5t *>m until next ,new ,ye>'s ,day1 aga9/ ! spells ( wit*craft1 ! malignity ( evil eyes1 & ! activity ( all inf]nal ag5cy4 ,! qualifi$ ,highl&] !n takes a l>ge bru%1 ) :i* he pr(usely asp]ses ! occupants ( all b$s2 f :om x is n unusual = him to receive ungrateful remon/rances aga9/ ablution4 ,?is end$1 & ! doors & w9d[s be+ ?or\ghly clos$1 & all crevices /opp$1 he k9dles piles ( ! collect$ junip] 9 ! diff]5t ap>tm5ts1 till ! vap\r f ! burn+ bran*es cond5ses into opaque cl\ds1 & c\gh+1 sneez+1 :eez+1 gasp+1 & o!r demon/rations ( suffocation ensue4 ,! op]ator1 aw>e t ! m int5se ! 8smu*dan0 ! m propiti\s ! solemnity1 disreg>ds ^! indications1 & cont9ues1 ) /ream+ eyes & av]t$ head1 to increase ! fumigation1 until 9 8 own def5ce he admits ! air to recov] ! exhau/$ h\sehold & himself4 ,he !n treats ! horses1 cattle1 & o!r be/ial /ock 9 ! t[n ) ! same smo!r+1 to keep !m f h>m ?r\gh\t ! ye>4 ,:5 ! gude wife gets up1 & hav+ ceas$ f c\gh+1 has ga9$ suffici5t /r5g? to rea* ! bottle dhu1 %e adm9i/]s its com=t to ! relief ( ! suff]]s2 laught] takes ! place ( compla9t1 all ! family get up1 wa% _! faces1 & receive ! visits ( _! neighb\rs1 :o arrive full ( congratulations peculi> to ! day4 ,mu nase *oil or/1 8,my ,c&lemas bond ^u y10 is ! cu/om>y salutation1 & means1 9 pla9 words1 8,y owe me a ,new ,ye>'s gift40 ,a po9t ( great emulation is1 :o %all salute ! o!r fir/1 because ! "o :o does s is entitl$ to a gift f ! p]son salut$4 ,breakfa/1 consi/+ ( all procurable luxuries1 is !n s]v$1 ! neighb\rs n engag$ are invit$ to p>take1 & ! day ends 9 fe/ivity4--,popul> ,sup]/itions ( ! ,highl&]s ( ,scotl&1 ,/ew>t1 #ahea4 ,p5nant1 9 8 ,t\r 9 ,scotl& 7#agij1 vol4 i4 p4 #bjf71 says t on ,new ,ye>'s ,day ! ,highl&]s burn junip] be=e _! cattle4 ,,=f>%ire4 ,at ! comm5cem5t ( ! ,new ,ye>#e ! opul5t burgh]s ( ,montrose beg9 to fea/ ) _! fri5ds1 & to g a r\nd ( visits1 :i* takes up ! space ( _m weeks4 ,^u su* occasions1 ! grave/ is expect$ to be m]ry1 & to jo9 9 a *e]ful song4--,/at4 ,acc4 ( ,scotl&1 ,s9clair1 #agic1 vol4 v4 p4 #dh4 #e ,also at ,*ri/mas4 ,,orkney ,,isles4 ,at ,lady1 companies ( m5 g to ! h\ses ( ! ri*1 & awake ! family by s++ ! ,new ,ye>'s song1 9 full *orus4 ,:5 ! song is conclud$1 ! family ent]ta9 ! musicians ) ale & bread1 & give !m a smok$ goose or a piece ( beef4--,/at4 ,acc4 ( ,scotl&1 #ahde1 vol4 xv4 p4 #adb4 ,at ! p>i%es ( ,cross1 ,burness1 c41 ,new ,ye>'s gifts1 "u ! title ( 8,*ri/mas pres5ts10 are giv5 to maid-s]vants by _! ma/]s4--,/at4 ,acc\nt ( ,scotl&1 ,s9clair1 #agic1 vol4 vii4 p4 #dhh4 ,,h&sel ,,monday4 ,,scotl&4 ,! fir/ ,monday ( ! ye> is a great holiday among ! peasantry ( ,scotl& & *ildr5 g5]ally1 z be+ ! day peculi>ly devot$ 9 t c\ntry to ! giv+ & receiv+ ( pres5ts4 ,x is on ?is acc\nt call$ ,h&sel ,monday1 h&sel be+ 9 ,scotl& ! equival5t ( a ,*ri/mas-box1 b m especially imply+ a gift at ! comm5cem5t ( a season or ! indu+ ( "s new g>m5t4 ,! "y p visit _! s5iors 9 expectation ( tips 7! ^w1 b n ! action1 unkn[n 9 ! nor?74 ,po/m51 scav5g]s1 & deliv]]s ( newspap]s look = _! little annual gu]dons4 ,among ! rural population1 ,auld ,h&sel ,monday1 i4e4 ,h&sel ,monday old /yle1 or ! fir/ ,monday aft] ! twelf? ( ! mon?1 is ! day usually held4 ,! f>m]s us$ to treat ! :ole ( _! s]vants on t morn+ to a lib]al breakfa/ ( roa/ & boil$1 ) ale1 :isky1 & cake1 to _! utmo/ cont5tm5t1 aft] :i* ! gue/s w5t ab\t see+ _! fri5ds = ! rema9d] ( ! day4 ,x 0 also ! day on :i* any dispos$ = *ange gave up _! places1 & :5 new s]vants 7 engag$4 ,ev5 n[1 :5 mo/ old fa%ions are mu* decay$1 ,auld ,h&sel ,monday cont9ues to be ! holiday ( ! ye> to ! class ( f>m-lab\r]s 9 ,scotl&4--,book ( ,days1 vol4 i4 p4 #eb4 ,,co4 ,,( ,,ed9burgh4 ,at ,currie ! annual fair & ,old ,h&sel ,monday are ! only p]iodical holidays = ! work+ classes2 on :i* latt] occasion ! s]vants enjoy ! pleasure ( return+ to ! bosom ( _! families1 & sp5d+ ! close ( ! day ) _! fri5ds4 ,! e>ly "p is g5]ally obs]v$ 9 ! less innoc5t amusem5t ( raffles1 & %oot+ ) fire-arms1 :i*1 be+ (t5 old & ru/y1 z well z wield$ by inexp]i5c$ h&s1 h occasion$ "s disagreeable accid5ts4--,/at4 ,acc4 ( ,scotl& #ahde1 vol4 i4 p4 #eej4 ,,jan4 #e4 ,,eve ,,( ,,! ,,epiphany4 ,=m]ly it9]ant m9/rels us$ to be> a b[l ( spic$ w9e to ! h\ses ( ! g5try & o!rs1 f :om !y expect$ a hospitable reception1 & call+ _! b[l a wassail-b[l1 !y drank wassail to _! ent]ta9]s4 ,9 anci5t kal5d>s is an obs]vation on ! #e? day ( ,janu>y1 ! ,vigil ( ! ,epiphany1 8,k+s creat$ by beans10 & ! six? day is call$ 8,fe/ival ( ,k+s10 ) ano!r rem>k1 t 8! c]emony ( elect+ k+s 0 cont9u$ ) fea/+ = _m days40--,m$4 vi ,kal5d4 vol4 i4 p4 #acd4 ,,devon%ire4 ,at ,k+sbridge & ,salcombe x 0 =m]ly cu/om>y = ! cid]i/1 att5d$ by 8 workm5 ) a l>ge c or pit*] ( cid]1 guns *>g$ ) p[d]1 c41 to repair to ! or*>d1 & !re at ! foot ( "o ( ! be/-be>+ apple-trees1 dr9k ! foll[+ toa/ ?ree times repeat$1 dis*>g+ ! fire-arms 9 conclusion3 8,"h's to !e1 old apple tree1 ,:5ce ?\ may'/ bud1 ,& :5ce ?\ may'/ bl[6 ,& :5ce ?\ may'/ be> apples en[6 ,hats full6 caps full6 ,bu%el--bu%el-sacks full6 ,& my pockets full too6 ,huzza60 ,! pit*] be+ empti$1 !y return$ to ! h\se1 ! doors ( :i* !y 7 c]ta9 to f9d bolt$ by ! females2 :o1 h[ev] bad ! wea!r might be1 7 inexorable to all entreaties to op5 !m1 till "s "o _h div9$ :at 0 on ! spit4 ,?is 0 g5]ally n easily ?\ght (1 & if edible 0 ! rew>d ( him :o fir/ nam$ x4 ,! p>ty 7 !n admitt$4--,k+sbridge & ,salcombe ,hi/orically ,depict$1 #ahai1 p4 #ga4 ,vide ,g5t4 ,mag4 #agia1 vol4 lxi4 p4 #djc4 ,br&1 on ! au?ority ( a ,corni%man1 relates x also z a cu/om ) ! ,devon%ire p to g aft] supp] into ! or*>d ) a l>ge milk-pan full ( cid]1 hav+ roa/$ apples press$ into x4 ,out ( ?is ea* p]son 9 company takes :at is call$ a clome--i4e4 e>!nw>e--cup1 full ( liquor1 & /&+ "u ea* ( ! m fruitful apple-trees1 pass+ by ^? t are n good be>]s1 he addresses !m 9 ! foll[+ words3 8,heal? to !e1 good apple tree1 ,well to be> pocket-fulls1 hat-fulls1 ,peck-fulls1 bu%el bag-fulls20 & !n dr9k+ up "p ( ! cont5ts1 he ?r[s ! re/1 ) ! fragm5ts ( ! roa/$ apples1 at ! tree4 ,at ea* cup1 ! company set up a %\t4--,pop4 ,antiq4 #ahdi1 vol4 i4 p4 #bi4 ,h]rick ?us alludes to ?is cu/om & ! sup]/ition atta*$ to x3 8,wassail ! trees1 t !y may be> ,y _m a plum & _m a pe>2 ,= m or less fruit !y w br+1 ,z y d give !m wassail+40 ,,gl\ce/]%ire4 ,9 ! p>i% ( ,pauntley1 & ! surr\nd+ neighb\rhood1 ! s]vants ( ea* f>m] =m]ly assembl$ toge!r 9 "o ( ! fields t _h be5 s[n ) :eat4 ,at ! end ( twelve l&s1 !y made twelve fires 9 a r[ ) /raw1 ar\nd "o ( :i*1 mu* l>g] ?an ! re/1 !y drank a *e]ful glass ( cid] to _! ma/]'s heal?1 & success to ! future h>ve/2 !n1 return+ home1 !y fea/$ on cakes soak$ 9 cid]1 :i* !y claim$ z a rew>d = _! pa/ lab\rs 9 s[+ ! gra94--,fosbrooke1 ,hi/4 ( ,gl\ce/]%ire1 #ahjg1 vol4 ii4 p4 #bcb4 ,,h]e=d%ire4 ,at ! approa* ( ! ev5+1 ! f>m]s ) _! fri5ds & s]vants meet toge!r1 & ab\t six o'clock walk out to a field :]e :eat is gr[+4 ,9 ! highe/ "p ( ! gr\nd1 twelve small fires & "o l>ge "o1 are light$ up4#f ,! att5dants1 head$ by ! ma/] ( ! family1 pl$ge ! company 9 old cid]1 :i* circulates freely on ^! occasions4 ,a circle is =m$ r\nd ! l>ge fire1 :5 a g5]al %\t & halloo+ takes place1 :i* y he> answ]$ f all ! adjac5t villages & fields4 ,sometimes fifty or sixty ( ^! fires may be se5 all at once4 ,?is be+ f9i%$1 ! company return home1 :]e ! good h\sewife & h] maids are prep>+ a good supp]4 ,a l>ge cake is always provid$1 ) a hole 9 ! middle4 ,aft] supp]1 ! company all att5d ! bailiff 7or head ( ! ox57 to ! wa9-h\se1 :]e ! foll[+ p>ticul>s are obs]v$3 ,! ma/]1 at ! head ( 8 fri5ds1 fills ! cup 7g5]ally ) /rong ale71 & /&s opposite ! fir/ or f9e/ ( ! ox54 ,he !n pl$ges him 9 a curi\s toa/1 ! company foll[ 8 example ) all ! o!r ox51 address+ ea* by 8 "n4 ,?is be+ f9i%$1 ! l>ge cake is produc$1 &1 ) mu* c]emony put on ! horn ( ! fir/ ox1 ?r\gh ! hole above m5tion$4 #f ,^! fires repres5t$ our ,"l & ! twelve ,apo/les4 ,! ox is !n tickl$1 to make him toss 8 head2 if he ?r[ ! cake beh9d1 x is ! mi/ress's p]quisite2 if be=e 79 :at is t]m$ ! boosy7 ! bailiff himself claims ! prize4 ,! company !n return to ! h\se1 ! doors ( :i* !y f9d lock$1 nor w !y be op5$ until "s joy\s songs are sung4 ,on _! ga9+ admittance a sc5e ( mir? ensues1 :i* la/s ! great] "p ( ! night4--,g5t4 ,mag4 #agia1 vol4 lxi4 p4 #aaf4 ,,/af=d%ire4 ,accord+ to ,bl\nt ! inhabitants ( ?is c\nty at "o "t made a fire on ! eve ( ! ,epiphany1 9 memory ( ! blaz+ /> t conduct$ ! ?ree ,magi to ! mang] at ,be?lehem4 ,,york%ire4 ,9 ! neighb\rhood ( ,le$s1 families =m]ly invit$ _! relations1 fri5ds1 & neighb\rs to _! h\ses1 = ! purpose ( play+ at c>ds1 & p>tak+ ( a supp] ( :i* m9ce pies 7 an indisp5sable +r$i5t4 ,aft] supp] 0 ov] ! wassail-cup or wassail-b[l 0 br\ght 91 ( :i* e "o p>took1 by tak+ ) a spoon out ( ! ale a roa/$ apple & eat+ x1 & !n dr9k+ ! heal?s ( ! company out ( ! b[l1 wi%+ !m a m]ry ,*ri/mas1 & a happy ,new ,ye>4 ,! fe/ival ( ,*ri/mas us$ 9 ?is "p ( ! c\ntry to be held = tw5ty days1 & "s p]sons ext5d$ x ev5 to ,c&lemas4 ,! +r$i5ts put into ! b[l1 viz41 ale1 sug>1 nutmeg1 & roa/$ apples1 7 usually call$ lambs' wool1 & ! night on :i* x 0 drunk 0 commonly call$ ,wassail ,eve4--,g5t4 ,mag4 #aghd1 vol4 liv4 p4 #ih4 ,,irel&4 ,9 ,irel& 8on ,twelve ,eve 9 ,*ri/mas1 !y use to set up z high z !y c a sieve ( oats1 & 9 x a doz5 ( c&les set r\nd1 & 9 ! c5tre "o l>g]1 all light$4 ,?is 9 memory ( our ,savi\r & 8 ,apo/les1 light ( ! _w40--,sir ,h5ry ,pi]s' ,description ( ! ,c\nty ( ,we/mea?1 #afhb1 9 ,vallancey's ,collectanea de ,rebus ,hib]nicis1 vol4 i4 ,no4 #a1 p4 #abd4 ,,jan4 #f4 ,,twelf? ,,day4 ,,! ,,epiphany4 ,9 its "* z a popul> fe/ival1 ,twelf? ,day /&s only inf]ior to ,*ri/mas4 ,! lead+ object held 9 view is to d hon\r to 8! ?ree wise m510 or1 z !y are m g5]ally d5om9at$1 8! ?ree k+s40 ,x is a ,*ri/ian cu/om1 anci5t pa/ memory1 & probably sugge/$ by a paean cu/om1 to indulge 9 a pleasantry call$ ! ,election ( k+s by beans4 ,"s1 h[ev]1 ma9ta9 x to h be5 d]iv$ f ! cu/om obs]v$ by ! ,roman *ildr51 :o1 at ! end ( _! saturnalia1 drew lots ) beans1 to see :o w\ld be k+4 ,9 ,engl& 9 lat] times1 a l>ge cake 0 made1 ) a bean or silv] p5ny ins]t$1 & ?is 0 call$ ,twelf?-cake4 ,! family & fri5ds be+ assembl$1 ! cake 0 divid$ by lot1 & :oev] got ! piece conta9+ ! bean 0 accept$ z ! k+ = ! day1 & call$ ,k+ ( ! ,bean4 ,x appe>s also t !re 0 always a que5 z well z a k+ on ,twelf?-,night4 ,a writ]1 speak+ ( ! celebration 9 ! ,s\? ( ,engl& 9 #aggd1 says3 8,aft] tea a cake is produc$ ) two b[ls conta9+ ! =tunate *ances = ! diff]5t sexes4 ,! ho/ fills up ! tickets1 & ! :ole company1 except ! k+ & que51 are to be m9i/]s ( /ate1 maids ( hon\r1 or ladies ( ! b$-*amb]4 ,(t5 ! ho/ & ho/ess1 m by design ?an accid5t1 become k+ & que54 ,accord+ to ,twelf? ,day law1 ea* p>ty is to support 8 "* till midnight40 ,9 ! sixte5? c5tury x w\ld appe> t "s peculi> c]emonies foll[$ ! election ( ! k+ & que54 ,b>naby ,googe1 9 8 p>aphrase ( ! curi\s poem ( ,naogeorgus1 ,! ,popi% ,k+dom1 #aegj1 /ates t ! k+1 on be+ elect$1 0 rais$ up ) great cries to ! ceil+1 :]e ) *alk he inscrib$ crosses on ! raft]s to protect ! h\se aga9/ evil spirits4--,book ( ,days1 #ahfc1 vol4 i4 p4 #fb4 ,see also ,e ,day ,book1 #ahbg1 vol4 i4 p4 #ea4 ,h]rick1 ! poet ( our fe/ivals1 has sev]al allusions to ! celebration ( ?is day ( our ance/ors1 z may be se5 9 ! subjo9$ poem3 8,,twelfe-,,night1 ,,or ,,k+ ,,& ,,que5e4 8,n[1 n[ ! mir? comes ,) ! cake full ( plums1 ,:]e beane's ! k+ ( ! sport "h2 ,besides1 we mu/ "k1 ,! pea also ,mu/ revell1 z que5e1 9 ! c\rt "h4 ,beg9 !n to *use 7,?is night z ye use7 ,:o %all = ! pres5t delight "h1 ,be a k+ be ! lot1 ,& :o %all n ,be ,twelfe-day que5e = ! night "h4 ,:i* kn[ne1 let u make ,joy-sops ) ! cake2 ,& let n a man !n be se5e "h4 ,:o unurg'd w n dr9ke1 ,to ! base f ! br9k1 ,a heal? to ! k+ & que5e "h4 ,next cr[ne ! b[le full ,) g5tle lamb's-wooll2 ,adde sug>1 nutmeg1 & g+]1 ,) /ore ( ale too2 ,& ?us ye mu/ doe ,to make ! wassaile a sw+]4 ,give !m to ! k+ ,& que5e wassail+2 ,& ?\gh ) ale ye be :et "h2 ,yet "p ye f h5ce1 ,z free f (f5ce1 ,z :5 ye innoc5t met "h40 ,9 ! la/ c5tury ,twelf? ,night ,c>ds repres5t$ m9i/]s1 maids ( hon\r1 & o!r att5dants ( a c\rt1 & ! *>act]s 7 to be support$ ?r\gh ! night4 ,john ,britton1 9 8 ,autobiography tells u 8he sugge/$ & wrote a s]ies ( ,twelf? ,night *>act]s1 to be pr9t$ on c>ds1 plac$ 9 a bag1 & drawn out at p>ties on ! memorable & m]ry ev5+ ( t anci5t fe/ival4 ,!y 7 sold 9 small packets to pa/rycooks1 & l$ ! way to a cu/om :i* annually grew to an ext5sive trade4 ,= ! second ye> my p5-&-ink *>act]s 7 accompani$ by pr9ts ( ! diff]5t p]sonages by ,cruik%ank 7fa!r ( ! inimitable ,george71 all ( a comic or ludicr\s k9d40 ,su* *>act]s are /ill pr9t$4--,book ( ,days1 vol4 i4 p4 #fd4 ,=m]ly ! ,"l ,mayor & ,ald]m51 & ! ,guilds ( ,london1 us$ to g to ,/4 ,paul's on ,twelf? ,day to he> a s]mon4 ,?is is m5tion$ z an old cu/om 9 ! e>ly "p ( ,que5 ,elizabe?'s reign4 ,twelf? ,day & its cu/oms appe> to h be5 obs]v$ by royalty almo/ f "t immemorial4 ,at ! ,engli% c\rt 9 ! eigh? ye> ( ! reign ( ,edw>d ,,iii41 ! maje/ic title ( ,k+ ( ! ,bean 0 conf]r$ ^u "o ( ! k+'s m9/rels1 z appe>s by a ,compotus ( t date1 :i* /ates t sixty %ill+s 7 giv5 by ! k+ on ! day ( ! ,epiphany to ,regan1 ! trumpet]1 & 8 associates1 ! c\rt m9/rels1 9 ! "n ( ! k+ ( ! bean4--,/rutt1 ,sports & ,pa/imes1 #ahja1 p4 #bee4 ,! gr& /ate ( ! sov]eign on ,twelf? ,day1 & ! mann] ( keep+ fe/ival at c\rt1 9 ! reign ( ,k+ ,h5ry ,,vii41 are set =? 9 ,le ,neve's ,,ms41 call$ ,! ,royalle ,book1 to ! foll[+ effect3 ,z = ,twelf? ,day1 ! k+ mu/ g cr[n$ 9 8 royal robes1 kirtle1 surcoat1 8 furr$ hood ab\t 8 neck1 8 mantle ) a long tra91 & 8 cutlas be=e him2 8 armills ^u 8 arms1 ( gold set full ( ri* /ones2 & no temporal man to t\* x b ! k+ himself2 & ! squire = ! body mu/ br+ x to ! k+ 9 a fair k]*ief1 & ! k+ mu/ put !m on himself2 & he mu/ h 8 sceptre 9 8 "r h&1 & ! ball ) ! cross 9 ! left h&1 & ! cr[n ^u 8 head4 ,& he mu/ (f] t day gold1 myrrh1 & s5se2 !n mu/ ! dean ( ! *apel s5d unto ! ,ar*bi%op ( ,cant]bury by cl]k or prie/ ! k+'s (f]+ t day2 & !n mu/ ! ,ar*bi%op give ! next b5efice t falle? 9 8 gift to ! same mess5g]4 ,& !n ! k+ mu/ *ange 8 mantle :5 he goe? to meat1 & take (f 8 hood & lay x ab\t 8 neck1 & clasp x be=e ) a great ri* ou*e2 & ?is mu/ be ( ! same col\r t he (f]$ 94 ,& ! que5 9 ! same =m :5 %e is cr[n$4 ,! same day t he goe? cr[n$ he ought to g to mat9s2 to :i* array belonge? 8 kirtle1 surcoat1 tab>d1 & 8 furr$ hood slyv$ ov] 8 head1 & roll$ ab\t 8 neck2 & on 8 head 8 cap ( e/ate1 & 8 sword be=e him4 ,at ev5-song he mu/ g 9 8 kirtle & surcoat1 & hood laid ab\t 8 %\ld]s1 & clasp ! tippet & hood toge!r be=e 8 brea/ ) a great ri* ou*e1 & 8 hat ( e/ate ^u 8 head4 ,z = ! void on ! ,twelf? ,night1 ! k+ & ! que5 ought to h x 9 ! hall4 ,& z = ! wassail1 ! /ew>d1 ! treasur]1 & ! controll]1 %all come = x ) _! /aves 9 _! h&s2 ! k+'s sew] & ! que5's hav+ fair t[els ab\t _! necks1 & di%es 9 _! h&s1 su* z ! k+ & que5 %all eat (2 ! k+'s c>v]s & ! que5's %all come aft] ) *>g]s or di%es1 su* z ! k+ or ! que5 %all eat (1 & ) t[els ab\t _! necks4 ,& no man %all be> any?+ unless sworn = ?ree mon?s4 ,& ! /ew>d1 treasur]1 comptroll]1 & m>%all ( ! hall %all orda9 = all ! hall4 ,&1 if x be 9 ! great *amb]1 !n %all ! *amb]la9 & u%]s orda91 aft] ! above =m2 & if !re be a bi%op1 8 own squire1 or else ! k+'s1 su* z ! (fic]s *oose to assign1 %all s]ve him2 & s ( all ! o!r e/ates1 if !y be dukes or e>ls2 & s ( du*esses & c\ntesses4 ,& !n !re mu/ come 9 ! u%]s ( ! *amb]1 ) ! pile ( cups1 ! k+'s cups & ! que5's1 & ! bi%op's ) ! butl]s & w9e to ! cupbo>d1 & !n a squire = ! body to be> ! cup1 & ano!r = ! que5's cup1 su* z is sworn = hire4 ,! s+]s ( ! *apel may /& at ! "o side ( ! hall1 & :5 ! /ew>d come? 9 at ! hall-door1 ) ! wassail1 he mu/ cry ?rice 8,wassaile10 c41 & !n %all ! *apel answ] x anon ) a good song1 & ?us 9 likewise1 if x please ! k+ to keep ! great *amb]4 ,& !n :5 ! k+ & que5 h done1 !y w g into ! *amb]4 ,& !re belonge? = ! k+1 two lights ) ! void1 & two lights ) ! cup2 & = ! que5 z _m4--,antiq4 ,rep4 #ahjg1 vol4 i4 p4 #cbh4 ,on ,twelf? ,day1 #aefc1 ,m>y ,que5 ( ,scots celebrat$ ! ,fr5* pa/ime ( ! ,k+ ( ! ,bean at ,holyrood1 b ) a que5 in/ead ( a k+1 z m appropriate1 9 consid]ation ( h]self be+ a female sov]eign4 ,! lot fell to ! real que5's att5dant1 ,m>y ,flem+1 & ! mi/ress good-natur$ly array$ ! s]vant 9 h] own robes & jewels1 t %e might duly su/a9 ! mimic dignity 9 ! fe/ivities ( ! night4 ,! ,engli% resid5t1 ,r&olph1 :o 0 9 love ) ,m>y ,beton1 ano!r ( ! que5's maids ( hon\r1 wrote 9 excit$ t]ms ab\t ?is fe/ival to ! ,e>l ( ,leice/]4 8,happy 0 x10 says he1 8unto ?is realm1 t h] reign endur$ no long]4 ,two su* sights1 9 "o /ate1 9 s good accord1 ,i believe 0 nev] se51 z to behold two wor?y que5s possess1 )\t envy1 "o k+dom1 bo? ^u a day4 ,i leave ! re/ to y\r lord%ip to be judg$ (4 ,my p5 /agg]e?1 my h& faile?1 fur!r to write4----,! ,que5 ( ! ,bean 0 t day 9 a g[n ( clo? ( silv]2 h] head1 h] neck1 h] %\ld]s1 ! re/ ( h] :ole body1 s beset ) /ones1 t m 9 our :ole jewel-h\se 7 n to be f\nd4 ,! *e] 0 great4 ,i nev] f\nd myself s happy1 nor s well treat$1 until t x came to ! po9t t ! old ,que5 7,m>y7 h]self1 to %[ h] mighty p[]1 contr>y unto ! assurance grant$ me by ! y\ng] ,que5 7,m>y ,flem+71 drew me into ! dance2 :i* "p ( ! play ,i c\ld ) good w h sp>$ unto y\r lord%ip z mu* fitt] = ! purpose40--,lives ( ! ,que5s ( ,scotl&1 ,/rickl&1 vol4 iv4 p4 #bj4 ,d[n to ! "t ( ! ,civil ,w>s1 ! fea/ ( ! ,epiphany 0 obs]v$ ) great spl5d\r1 n only at c\rt1 b at ! ,inns ( ,c\rt1 & ! ,univ]sities 7:]e x 0 an old cu/om to *oose ! k+ by ! bean 9 a cake71 z well z 9 private mansions & small] h\seholds4 ,we read1 too1 ( our nobility keep+ ,twelf? ,night by ! div]sion ( bl[+ up pa/ebo>d ca/les2 lett+ cl>et fl[ l blood out ( a /ag made ( pa/e2 ! ca/le bomb>d$ f a pa/ebo>d %ip1 ) cannon1 9 ! mid/ ( :i* ! company pelt$ ea* o!r ) egg-%ells fill$ ) rose-wat]2 & l>ge pies 7 made1 fill$ ) live frogs1 :i* hopp$ & flew out ^u "s curi\s p]son lift+ up ! lid4 ,twelf? ,night grew to be a c\rt fe/ival1 9 :i* gam+ 0 a co/ly feature4 ,evelyn tells u t on ,twelf? ,night1 #affb1 accord+ to cu/om1 ,8 ,maje/y 7,*>les ,,ii47 op5$ ! revels ( t night by ?r[+ ! dice himself 9 ! privy *amb]1 :]e 0 a table set on purpose1 & lo/ 8 #ajjl4--,book ( ,days1 vol4 i4 p4 #fc4 ,,cumb]l&4 ,9 ,cumb]l&1 & o!r nor!rn p>ts ( ,engl&1 on ,twelf? ,night1 :i* f9i%es ! ,*ri/mas holidays1 ! ru/ics meet toge!r 9 a l>ge room4 ,!y beg9 danc+ at sev5 o'clock1 & f9i% at twelve1 :5 !y sit d[n to lobsc\se & ponsondie2 ! =m] is made ( beef1 potatoes1 & onions1 fri$ toge!r2 & 9 ponsondie we recognise ! wassail or waes-hael ( ale1 boil$ ) sug> & nutmeg1 into :i* are put roa/$ apples2 ! anci5tly admir$ lambs'-wool4 ,! fea/ is paid = by subscription2 two wom5 are *os51 :o ) two wood5 b[ls plac$ "o )9 ! o!r1 s z to leave an op5+ & a space betwe5 !m1 g r\nd to ! female "p ( ! society 9 succession1 & :at "o puts into ! upp]mo/ b[l ! att5dant collectress slips into ! b[l b5ea? x4 ,all are expect$ to contribute some?+1 b n m ?an a %ill+1 & !y are be/ e/eem$ :o give mo/4 ,! m5 *oose two f !mselves & foll[ ! same cu/om1 except t z ! g5tlem5 are n suppos$ to be s fair 9 _! deal+s z ! ladies1 "o ( ! collectors is furni%$ ) p51 ink1 & pap]1 to set d[n ! subscription z soon z receiv$4--,"t's ,telescope1 #ahbe1 p4 #ac4 ,9 _m ( ! small t[ns !y p>take ( scald$ field-peas1 & a h>e or "s o!r k9d ( game4 ,! peas are br\ght to table ) ! h>e1 & are scald$ 9 wat] ) ! husks on1 aft] :i* a lump ( butt] is put 9 ! middle1 & !y are pick$ out z !y are eat54 ,! supp] concludes ) a ?>ve-cake1 a l>ge1 flat1 oat5 cake1 bak$ on a girdle1 sometimes ) plums 9 x4 ,danc+ & dr9k+ !n occupy ! rema9d] ( ! ev5+4 ,t> b>rels are common at all _! fe/ivals1 & sc>cely a t[n is )\t !m4--,ibid4 #ahbi1 p4 #aa4 ,,d]by%ire4 ,! morris-danc]s :o g ab\t f village to village ab\t ,twelf? ,day1 h _! fool1 _! ,maid ,m>ian 7g5]ally a man dress$ 9 woman's clo!s1 & call$ 8! fool's wife107 & sometimes ! hobby-horse2 !y are dress$ up 9 ribbons & t9sel1 b ! bells are usually disc>d$4--,j\r4 ( ,ar*4 ,assoc4 #aheb1 vol4 vii4 p4 #bja4 ,,dorset%ire4 ,! rector ( ,piddle ,h9ton gives away on ,old ,*ri/mas ,day a p\nd ( bread1 a p9t ( ale1 & a m9ce pie1 to e poor p]son 9 ! p>i%4 ,?is di/ribution is regul>ly made by ! rector to upw>ds ( ?ree hundr$ p]sons4--,edw>ds1 ,old ,engli% ,cu/oms & ,*>ities1 #ahdb1 p4 #f4 ,,l9coln%ire4 ,anci5tly ! ,m[brays _h great possessions 9 & ab\t ! ,isle ( ,axholme1 & a seat1 at :i* !y pr9cipally resid$1 & 7 consid]$ ! greate/ folks 9 t "p ( ! c\ntry4 ,x s happ5$ t on ,old ,*ri/mas ,day1 :ile a "y lady 7! daught] ( ! !n ,m[bray7 0 rid+ ov] ! ,me]es to ! *ur* by an old road 7at t "t ! pr9cipal "o across ! village7 a gale ( w9d blew (f h] hood4 ,twelve f>m+ m5 :o 7 work+ 9 ! fields saw ! occurr5ce1 & ran to ga!r up ! hood1 & 9 su* e>ne/ 7 !y t ! lady took s mu* amusem5t at ! sc5e %e =bade h] own att5dants jo9+ 9 ! pursuit4 ,! hood be+ captur$1 & replac$ on ! lady's head1 %e express$ h] obligation to ! m51 giv+ !m ea* "s money1 & promis$ a piece ( l& 7to be ve/$ 9 c]ta9 p]sons 9 tru/7 to ?r[ up a hood annually on ,old ,*ri/mas ,day4#g ,%e also ord]$ t ! twelve m5 engag$ to conte/ ! race = ! hood %\ld be clo!d 7pro temp47 9 sc>let j]k9s & velvet caps3 ! hood to be ?r[n 9 ! same place z ! "o :]e %e lo/ h]s4 ,! cu/om is yet foll[$2 & ?\gh ! ,me]es on :i* %e 0 rid+ has long ago be5 br\ght into a /ate ( cultivation1 & ! road ?r\gh be5 div]t$1 yet an old mill /&s 9 ! field :]e ! road pass$ ?r\gh1 & is po9t$ out z ! place :]e ! orig9al sc5e took place1 & ! hood is usually ?r[n up f ?is mill4 ,!re is g5]ally a great conc\rse ( p f ! neighb\r+ villages :o also take "p 9 ! proce$+s2 & :5 ! hood is ?r[n up by ! *ief ( ! boggons1 or by ! (ficials1 x becomes ! object ( ! villag]s to get ! hood to _! own village1 by ?r[+ or kick+ x1 simil> to ! foot-ball4 ,! o!r elev5 m51 call$ boggons1 be+ /ation$ at ! com]s & sides ( ! field to prev5t1 if possible1 its be+ ?r[n out ( ! field2 & %\ld x *ance to fall into any ( _! h&s x is 8boggon$10 & =?) return$ to ! *ief1 :o aga9 ?r[s x up f ! mill z be=e4 ,:oev] is =tunate en\gh to get x out ( ! field1 tries to get x to 8 village1 & usually takes x to ! public h\se he is accu/om$ to frequ5t1 & ! l&lord regales him ) hot ale & rum4 #g ,! quantity ( l& giv5 by ,lady ,m[bray 0 =ty acres1 kn[n by ! "n ( ! ,hoodl&s4 ,! game usually cont9ues until dusk1 & is frequ5tly att5d$ by brok5 %9s & bruis$ heads4 ,! next day is occupi$ by ! boggons go+ r\nd ! villages1 s++ z waits1 :o are regal$ ) hot furm5ty2 f "s !y get copp]s giv5 !m1 & f o!rs a small measure ( :eat1 accord+ to ! means ( ! donor4 ,! day aft] t !y assume ! "* ( pl\gh bullocks1 & at a c]ta9 "p ( ,we/ ,woodside !y 8smoke ! fool20 t is1 /raw is collect$ by ^? :o l1 & pil$ on a heap1 a rope be+ ti$ or slung ov] ! bran*es ( ! tree next ! pile ( /raw2 ! o!r end ( ! rope is fa/5$ r\nd ! wai/ ( ! 8fool10 & he is drawn up1 & fire is put to ! /raw1 ! 8fool0 be+ swung to & fro ?r\gh ! smoke1 until he is well nigh *ok$2 aft] :i* he goes r\nd ) 8 cap1 & collects :atev] ! spectator ?9ks prop] to give4 ,! p]=mance is !n at an end until ! foll[+ ye>4 ,see ,n4 ,q4 #bnd ,s4 vol4 v4 p4 #id4 ,peek's ,hi/ory ( ,axholme1 #ahae1 vol4 i4 p4 #bgg4 ,9 ! ,hi/ory ( ,l9coln%ire 7vol4 ii4 p4 #bad7 is ! foll[+ acc\nt ( ?is cu/om1 diff]+ b little f ! notice already giv54 ,at ,haxey1 ,old ,twelf? ,day is devot$ to ?r[+ ! hood1 an amusem5t1 :i* accord+ to tradition1 0 in/itut$ by "o ( ! ,m[brays4 ,a roll ( canvas1 tightly cord$ toge!r1 f f\r to six p\nds 9 weight1 is tak5 to an op5 field1 & cont5d$ = by ! ru/ics4 ,an individual appo9t$ ca/s x f him1 & ! fir/ p]son :o c convey x into ! cell>s ( any public h\se receives ! rew>d ( "o %ill+1 paid by ! pl\gh-bullocks or bogg9s4 ,a new hood be+ furni%$ :5 ! o!rs are c>ri$ (f1 ! conte/ usually cont9ues till d>k4 ,! next day ! pl\gh-bullocks or bogg9s g r\nd ! t[n collect+ alms1 & cry+ 8,l>gess40 ,!y are dress$ l morris-danc]s1 & are yok$ to & drag a small pl\gh4 ,!y h _! f>m]1 & a fool call$ ,billy ,buck1 dress$ l a h>lequ91 ) :om ! boys make sport4 ,! day is conclud$ by ! bullocks runn+ ) ! pl\gh r\nd ! cross on ! gre52 & ! man t c ?r[ ! o!r d[n1 & convey ! pl\gh into ! cell> ( a public h\se1 receives "o %ill+ = 8 agility4--,see ,n4 ,q4 #d? ,s4 vol4 ix4 p4 #aeh4 ,,middlesex4 ,9 ,london on ,twelf? ,night1 9 =m] days1 boys assembl$ r\nd ! invit+ %ops ( ! pa/rycooks1 & dext]\sly nail$ ! coat-tails ( spectators :o v5tur$ ne> en\gh to ! bottoms ( ! w9d[ frames1 or p9n$ !m /rongly toge!r by _! clo!s4 ,sometimes eight or t5 p]sons f\nd !mselves ?us connect$4 ,! dext]ity & =ce ( ! nail-driv+ 0 s quick & sure t a s+le bl[ seldom fail$ ( do+ ! bus9ess effectually4--,)drawal ( ! nail )\t a prop] in/rum5t 0 out ( ! "q1 & consequ5tly1 ! p]son nail$ 0 =c$ ei!r to leave "p ( 8 coat z a cognisance ( 8 atta*m5t1 or quit ! spot ) a hole 9 x4 ,at e nail+ & p9n+ %\ts ( laught] arose f ! p]petrators1 yet x (t5 happ5$ to "o :o turn$ & smil$ at ! duress ( ano!r1 t he also f\nd himself nail$4 ,ef=ts at extrication increas$ mir?2 nor 0 ! pres5ce ( a con/able1 :o 0 usually employ$ to att5d & pres]ve free 8+ress1 egress1 & regress10 suffici5tly awful to det] ! (f5d]4--,e ,day ,book1 vol4 i4 p4 #ej4 ,a curi\s cu/om ( m$ival orig9 is obs]v$ at ! ,*apel ,royal1 ,/4 ,james's ,palace1 on ! fe/ival ( ! ,epiphany4 ,aft] ! read+ ( ! s5t5ce at ! (f]tory1 8,let y\r light s %9e be=e m510 c41 :ile ! organ plays1 two memb]s ( h] ,maje/y's h\sehold1 we>+ ! royal liv]y1 desc5d f ! royal pew & advance to ! alt> rails1 prec$$ by ! u%]1 :]e !y pres5t to "o ( ! two (ficiat+ cl]gym5 a r$ bag1 edg$ ) gold lace or braid1 :i* is receiv$ 9 an (f]tory bas91 & !n rev]5tly plac$ on ! alt>4 ,?is bag or purse is und]/ood to conta9 ! ,que5's (f]+ ( gold1 frank9c5se1 & myrrh1 9 commemoration ( ! gifts ( ! ,magi to ! infant ,savi\r4--,e*o1 ,jan4 #g?1 #ahfi4 ,9 ! ,lady's ,mag4 = #agfj1 is ! foll[+3 ,sunday ,jan4 #f?1 be+ ,twelf? ,day1 & a coll> & (f]+ day at ,/4 ,james'1 8 ,maje/y1 prec$$ by ! h]alds1 pursuivants1 c41 & ! knights ( ! ,g>t]1 ,?i/le1 & ,ba?1 9 ! coll>s ( _! respective ord]s1 w5t to ! ,royal ,*apel at ,/4 ,james'1 & (f]$ gold1 myrrh1 & frank9c5se1 9 imitation ( ! ,ea/]n ,magi (f]+ to our ,savi\r4 ,,isle ,,( ,,man4 ,9 ?is isl& !re is n a b>n unoccupi$ on ! :ole twelve days aft] ,*ri/mas1 e p>i% hir+ fiddl]s at ! public *>ge4 ,on ,twelf? ,day ! fiddl] lays 8 head 9 ! lap ( "s "o ( ! w5*es1 & ! ma9/yr fiddl] asks :o su* a maid1 or su* a maid1 nam+ all ! girls "o aft] ano!r1 %all m>ry1 to :i* he answ]s accord+ to 8 own :im1 or agreeable to ! intimacies he has tak5 notice ( dur+ ! "t ( m]rim5t1 & :atev] he says is absolutely dep5d$ on z an oracle2 & if he happ5 to c\ple two p :o h an av]sion to ea* o!r1 te>s & vexation succe$ ! mir?2 ?is !y call 8cutt+ (f ! fiddl]'s head10 = aft] ?is he is dead = a :ole ye>4--,waldron's ,description ( ! ,isle ( ,man1 #ahei1 p4 #aef4 ,,som]set%ire4 ,a fri5d ( m9e1 says ,mr4 ,c4 ,w4 ,b+ham 9 ,n4 ,q4 7#crd ,s4 vol4 ix4 p4 #cc71 met a girl on ,old ,*ri/mas ,day1 9 a village ( ,nor? ,som]set1 :o told him t %e 0 go+ to see ! ,*ri/mas ?orn 9 blossom4 ,he accompani$ h] to an or*>d1 :]e he f\nd a tree1 propagat$ f ! celebrat$ ,gla/onbury ?orn1 & ga!r$ f x sev]al sprigs 9 blossom4 ,aft]w>ds ! girl's "m in=m$ him t x _h be5 =m]ly ! cu/om = ! y\? ( bo? sexes to assemble "u ! tree at midnight on ,*ri/mas ,eve1 9 ord] to he> ! bur/+ ( ! buds into fl[]1 & %e add$1 8,z !y com$ out1 y c\ld he> 'um haff]40 ,j5n+s1 & aft] him ,halliwell1 give ?is ^w haff] = to crackle1 to patt]1 to make repeat$ l\d noises4 ,,/af=d%ire4 ,at ,paget's ,bromley a curi\s cu/om w5t out 9 ! sev5te5? c5tury4 ,a man came along ! village ) a mock horse fa/5$ to him1 ) :i* he danc$1 at ! same "t mak+ a snapp+ noise ) a b[ & arr[4 ,he 0 att5d$ by half a doz5 fell[-villag]s1 we>+ mock de]s' heads1 & display+ ! arms ( ! sev]al l&lords ( ! t[n4 ,?is p>ty danc$ ! ,hays1 & o!r c\ntry dances1 to music1 amid/ ! sympa?y & applause ( ! multitude4 ,!re 0 also a huge pot ( ale ) cakes1 by g5]al contribution ( ! village1 out ( ! v surplus ( :i* 8!y n only repair$ _! *ur*1 b kept _! poor too2 :i* *>ges10 quo? ,dr4 ,plot1 8are n n[1 p]haps1 s *e]fully borne40--,plot's ,nat4 ,hi/4 ( ,/af=d%ire1 #afhj1 p4 #dcd4 ,,we/morel&4 ,twelf? ,night1 or ,holly ,night1 0 =m]ly celebrat$ at ,br\gh1 by c>ry+ ?r\gh ! t[n a holly-tree ) tor*es atta*$ to its bran*es4 ,! procession set out at #h o'clock 9 ! ev5+ prec$$ by music1 & /opp$ at ! t[n-bridge1 & aga9 at ! cross1 :]e x 0 greet$ ea* "t ) %\ts ( applause4 ,_m ( ! inhabitants c>ri$ light$ bran*es z flambeaux2 & rockets1 squibs1 c41 7 dis*>g$ on ! joyful occasion4 ,aft] ! tree _h be5 c>ri$ ab\t1 & ! tor*es 7 suffici5tly burnt1 x 0 plac$ 9 ! middle ( ! t[n1 :5 x 0 aga9 *e]$ by ! surr\nd+ cr[d1 & !n 0 ?r[n among !m4 ,! spectators at once divid$ into two p>ties1 "o ( :i* endeav\r$ to take ! tree to "o ( ! inns1 & ! o!r to a rival inn4 ,! innkeep] ^: p>ty triumph$ 0 expect$ to treat 8 p>tisans lib]ally4--,hone's ,table ,book1 #ahch1 p4 #bf2 ,h&book = ! ,lakes1 ,murray1 #ahff1 p4 #aac4 ,,wales4 ,9 "s p>ts ( ,pembroke%ire1 ! foll[+ practice is obs]v$4 ,a wr5 is secur$ 9 a small h\se made ( wood1 ) door & w9d[s1 ! latt] glaz$4 ,pieces ( ribbon ( v>i\s col\rs are fix$ to ! ridge ( ! ro( outside4 ,sometimes sev]al wr5s are br\ght 9 ! same cage1 & (t5times a /able-lant]n1 decorat$ z above m5tion$1 s]ves = ! wr5's-h\se4 ,! proprietors ( ?is e/abli%m5t g r\nd to ! pr9cipal h\ses 9 _! neighb\rhood3 :]e1 accompany+ !mselves ) "s musical in/rum5t1 !y ann\nce _! arrival by s++ ! #8,song ( ! ,wr54' ,! wr5's visit is a s\rce ( mu* amusem5t to *ildr5 & s]vants1 & ! wr5's m51 or lads1 are usually invit$ to h a draught f ! cell>1 & receive a pres5t 9 money4 ,! #8,song ( ! ,wr5' is g5]ally encor$1 & ! proprietors v commonly comm5ce high life bel[ /airs1 danc+ ) ! maid-s]vants1 & salut+ !m "u ! kiss+ bu%1 :]e !re is "o4 ,! foll[+ is ! #8,song ( ! ,wr53' 8,joy1 heal?1 love1 & peace1 ,be to y 9 ?is place4 ,by y\r leave we w s+1 ,conc]n+ our k+3 ,our k+ is well dre/2 ,9 silks ( ! be/2 ,) 8 ribbons s r>e1 ,no k+ c comp>e4 ,9 8 coa* he does ride1 ,) a great deal ( pride2 ,& ) f\r footm5 ,to wait ^u him4 ,we 7 f\r at wat*1 ,& all nigh ( a mat*2 ,& ) p[d] & ball ,we fir$ at 8 hall4 ,we h travell'd _m miles1 ,ov] h$ges & /iles1 ,to f9d y ?is k+1 ,:i* we n[ to y br+4 ,n[ ,*ri/mas is pa/1 ,twelf? ,day is ! la/4 ,?' ,old ,ye> bids adieu2 ,great joy to ! ,new40 ,x w\ld appe> f ! n9? l9e ( ! song t ! wr5 at "o "t us$ to occupy a coa*1 or t h] h\se 0 plac$ ^u :eels4--,n4 ,q4 #crd ,s4 vol4 v4 p4 #aji4 ,,jan4 #g4 ,,/4 ,,di/aff',s ,,day4--,,rock ,,day4 ,! day aft] ,twelf? ,day 0 call$ ,rock ,day#h & ,/4 ,di/aff's ,day1 because on t day wom5 resum$ _! sp9n+1 :i* _h be5 int]rupt$ by ! sports ( ,*ri/mas2 = our ance/ors1 x seems1 return$ to _! "w 9 a v leisurely mann]4 ,f ,h]rick's ,hesp]ides 7p4 #cgd7 we le>n t ! m51 9 boi/]\s m]rim5t1 burn$ ! wom5's flax1 & t !y 9 retaliation da%$ pails ( wat] ^u ! m53 8,p>tly "w1 & p>tly play ,ye mu/ on ,/4 ,di/aff's ,day3 ,f ! pl\gh soone free y\r teame1 ,!n home & fo!r !m2 ,if ! maides a sp9n+ goe1 ,burn ! flax & fire ! t[4 99 99 99 99 99 ,br+ 9 pails ( wat]1 !n ,let ! maides bewa% ! m52 ,give ,/4 ,di/aff all ! night1 ,!n bid ,*ri/mas sport good night2 ,!n next morn+1 e "o ,to 8 own vocation40 ,m$4 vi ,kal5d4 vol4 i4 p4 #ach4 #h ,see #8,?+s n g5]ally kn[n1' by ,john ,timbs1 #ahei1 pp4 #a-f4 ,,pl\gh ,,monday4 ,?is 0 ! "n ( a ru/ic fe/ival1 held ! fir/ ,monday aft] ,twelf? ,day1 =m]ly ( great acc\nt 9 ,engl&1 be>+ 9 its fir/ aspect1 l ,/4 ,di/aff's ,day1 ref]5ce to ! resumption ( lab\r aft] ! ,*ri/mas holidays4 ,9 ,ca?olic times1 ! pl\ghm5 kept lights burn+ be=e c]ta9 images 9 *ur*es to obta9 a bless+ on _! "w2 & !y 7 accu/om$ on ?is day to g ab\t 9 procession1 ga!r+ money = ! support ( ^! pl\gh lights1 z !y 7 call$4 ,! ,re=mation put out ! lights1 b x c\ld n ext+ui% ! fe/ival4 ,! peasantry contriv$ to g ab\t 9 procession1 collect+ money1 ?\gh only to be sp5t 9 conviviality 9 ! public-h\se4 ,x 0 at no remote date a v gay & r pleasant-look+ affair4 ,a pl\gh 0 dress$ up ) ribbons & o!r decorations--! ,fool pl\gh4 ,?irty or =ty /alw>t swa9s1 ) _! %irts ov] _! jackets1 & _! %\ld]s & hats flam+ ) ribbons1 dragg$ x along f h\se to h\se1 prec$$ by "o 9 ! dress ( an old woman1 b mu* b$iz5$1 be>+ ! "n ( ,bessy4 ,!re 0 also a fool1 9 fanta/ic attire4 ,9 "s p>ts ( ! c\ntry morris-danc]s att5d$ ! procession2 occasionally1 too1 "s reproduction ( ! anci5t ,sc&9avian sword-dance add$ to ! means ( p]suad+ money out ( ! pockets ( ! lieges4--,book ( ,days1 vol4 i4 p4 #id4 ,9 ,tuss]'s ,five ,hundr$ ,po9ts ( ,husb&ry1 "u ! acc\nt ( ! ,pl\ghman's ,fea/ ,days1 are ! foll[+ l9es3 8,pl\gh ,munday1 next aft] t twelf-tide is pa/1 ,bids out ) ! pl\gh3 ! wor/ husb& is la/4 ,if pl[man get hat*et or :ip to ! skr5e1 ,maids lose? _! cocke1 if no wat] be se540 ,:i* are ?us expla9$ 9 ,tuss] ,r$ivivus 7#agdd1 p4 #gi73 8,aft] ,*ri/mas 7:i* =m]ly1 dur+ ! twelve days1 0 a "t ( v little "w71 e g5tleman fea/$ ! f>m]s1 & e f>m] _! s]vants & task-m54 ,pl\gh ,monday puts !m 9 m9d ( _! bus9ess4 ,9 ! morn+1 ! m5 & ! maid-s]vants /rive :o %all %[ _! dilig5ce 9 ris+ e>lie/4 ,if ! pl\ghman c get 8 :ip1 8 pl\gh/aff1 hat*et1 or any?+ t he wants 9 ! field1 by ! fireside1 be=e ! maid ha? got h] kettle on1 !n ! maid lose? h] %rove-tide cock1 & x :olly belongs to ! m54 ,?us did our =efa!rs /rive to allure y\? to _! duty1 & provid$ !m ) innoc5t mir? z well z lab\r4 ,on ?is ,pl\gh ,monday !y h a good supp] & "s /rong dr9k40 ,see also ,e ,day ,book1 #ahbf1 vol4 i4 p4 #ga4 ,9 ! ,briti% ,apollo 7fol4 #agaj1 ii4 #ib71 to an inquiry :y ! fir/ ,monday aft] ,twelf? ,day is call$ ,pl\gh ,monday1 answ] is giv53 8,pl\gh ,monday is a c\ntry phrase1 & only us$ by peasants1 because !y g5]ally us$ to meet toge!r at "s neighb\rhood ov] a cup ( ale1 & fea/ !mselves1 z well z wi% !mselves a pl5tiful h>ve/ f ! great corn s[n 7z !y call :eat & rye71 z also to wi% a ,god-spe$ to ! pl\gh z soon z !y beg9 to break ! gr\nd1 to s[ b>ley1 & o!r corn1 :i* !y at t "t make a holiday to !mselves z a f9i%+ /roke aft] ,*ri/mas1 :i* is _! ma/]'s holiday "t1 z 'pr5tices 9 _m places make x ! same1 appropriat$ by cons5t to revel among !mselves40 ,=m]ly ! foll[+ cu/om prevail$ 9 ! nor!rn c\nties ( ,engl& on ,pl\gh ,monday4 ,if a pl\ghman came to ! kit*5-hat*1 & c\ld cry1 8,cock 9 ! pot10 be=e ! maid c\ld cry 8,cock on ! dunghill10 he 0 entitl$ to a cock = ,%rove ,tuesday4--,n4 ,q4 #bnd ,s4 vol4 i4 p4 #chf4 ,,cambridge%ire4 ,pl\gh ,monday is obs]v$ at ,cambridge by p>ties go+ ab\t ! t[n v>i\sly dress$ 9 ribbons1 etc42 "s ) a female among !m1 "s ) a man 9 wom5's clo!s1 "s ) a pl\gh3 !y dance & collect money :i* is aft]w>ds sp5t 9 a fea/4--,"t's ,telescope1 #ahaf1 p4 #c4 ,,d]by%ire4 ,on ,pl\gh ,monday ! 8,pl\gh bullocks0 are occasionally se52 !y consi/ ( a numb] ( "y m5 f v>i\s f>mh\ses1 :o are dress$ up 9 ribbons1 _! %irts 7= !y we> no coats or wai/coats7 lit]ally cov]$ ) rosettes ( v>i\s col\rs & _! hats b\nd ) ribbons1 & decorat$ ) e k9d ( ornam5t t comes 9 _! way2 ^! "y m5 yoke !mselves to a pl\gh1 :i* !y draw ab\t1 prec$$ by a b& ( music1 f h\se to h\se1 collect+ money4 ,!y are accompani$ by ! ,fool & ,bessy2 ! ,fool be+ dress$ 9 ! sk9 ( a calf1 ) ! tail hang+ d[n beh9d1 & ,bessy g5]ally a "y man 9 female attire4 ,! ,fool c>ries an inflat$ bladd] ti$ to ! end ( a long /ick1 by way ( :ip1 :i* he does n fail to apply pretty s\ndly to ! heads & %\ld]s ( 8 team4 ,:5 any?+ is giv5 a cry ( 8,l>gess60 is rais$1 & a dance p]=m$ r\nd ! pl\gh4 ,if a refusal to _! application = money is made !y n unfrequ5tly pl\gh up ! pa?way1 door-/one1 or any o!r portion ( ! premises !y happ5 to be ne>4--,j\r4 ( ,ar*4 ,assoc4 #aheb1 vol4 vii4 p4 #bjb4 ,,hunt+don%ire4 ,pl\gh ,monday is obs]v$ 9 ?is c\nty4 ,! mumm]s are call$ 8,pl\gh-,wit*]s10 & _! c]emony1 8,pl\gh-,wit*+40--,n4 ,q4 #bnd ,s4 vol4 ix4 p4 #cha4 ,,leice/]%ire4 ,macaulay 7,hi/ory ( ,claybrook1 #agia1 p4 #abh17 says3 ,on ,pl\gh ,monday ,i h tak5 notice ( an annual display ( morris-danc]s at ,claybrook1 :o come f ! neighb\r+ villages ( ,sapcote & ,%>n=d4 ,,l9coln%ire4 ,a correspond5t ( ! ,book ( ,days1 vol4 i4 p4 #id1 giv+ ! foll[+ int]e/+ acc\nt z to h[ ,pl\gh ,monday 01 9 days gone by1 celebrat$ 9 ! c\nty1 says3--,rude ?\gh x 01 ! ,pl\gh procession ?rew a life into ! dre>y sc5]y ( w9t]1 z x came w9d+ along ! quiet rutt$ lanes1 on its way f "o village to ano!r2 = ! pl\ghm5 f _m a surr\nd+ hamlet & lonely f>mh\se unit$ 9 ! celebration ( ,pl\gh ,monday4 ,x 0 no?+ unusual = at lea/ a score ( ! 8sons ( ! soil0 to yoke !mselves ) ropes to ! pl\gh1 hav+ put on clean smock frocks 9 hon\r ( ! day4 ,!re 0 no limit to ! numb] :o jo9$ 9 ! morris-dance1 & 7 p>tn]s ) 8,bessy10 :o c>ri$ ! money-box2 & all ^! _h ribbons 9 _! hats1 & p9n$ ab\t !m :]ev] !re 0 room to display a bun*4 ,_m a h>dwork+ c\ntry ,molly l5t a help+ h& 9 decorat+ out h] ,johnny = ,pl\gh ,monday1 & f9i%$ him ) an admir+ exclamation ( 8,lawks1 ,john6 ?\ does look sm>t1 surely40 ,"s also wore small bun*es ( corn 9 _! hats1 f :i* ! :eat 0 soon %ak5 out by ! unga9ly jump+ :i* !y call$ danc+4 ,occasionally1 if ! w9t] 0 sev]e1 ! procession 0 jo9$ by ?re%]s c>ry+ _! flails1 reap]s be>+ _! sickles1 & c>t]s ) _! long :ips1 :i* !y 7 crack+ to add to ! noise1 :ile ev5 ! smi? & ! mill] 7 among ! numb]1 = ! "o %>p5$ ! pl\gh%>es & ! o!r gr\nd ! corn2 & ,bessy rattl$ 8 box1 & danc$ s high t he %[$ 8 wor/$ /ock+s & corduroy bree*es2 & v (t51 if !re 0 a ?aw1 tuck$ up 8 g[n skirts "u 8 wai/coat1 & %ook ! bonnet (f 8 head1 & dis>rang$ ! long r+lets t ought to h conceal$ 8 :isk]s4 ,= ,bessy is to ! procession ( ,pl\gh ,monday :at ! lead+ figurante is to an op]a or ballet1 & dances ab\t z gracefully z ! hippopotami describ$ by ,dr4 ,liv+/one4 ,b _! r\gh antics 7 ! cause ( mu* laught]1 & r>ely d we ev] rememb] he>+ any co>se je/ t w\ld call up ! angry blu% to a mode/ *eek4 ,no d\bt !y 7 call$ 8pl\gh-bullocks10 ?r\gh draw+ ! pl\gh1 z bullocks 7 =m]ly us$1 & are /ill yok$ to ! pl\gh 9 "s p>ts ( ! c\ntry4 ,! rubbi%+ v]ses !y recit$ are n wor? pres]v+1 beyond ! l9e1 :i* graces _m a public-h\se sign1 8,god spe$ ! pl\gh40 ,at ! l>ge f>mh\se1 besides money !y obta9$ refre%m5t1 & ?r\gh ! quantity ( ale !y ?us drank dur+ ! day manag$ to get :at !y call$ 8_! load by night40 ,ev5 ! poore/ cottag]s dropp$ a few p5ce into ,bessy's box4 ,b ! great ev5t ( ! day 0 :5 !y came be=e "s h\se :i* bore signs t ! own] 0 well-to-d 9 ! _w1 & no?+ 0 giv5 to !m4 ,bessy rattl$ 8 box1 & ! pl\ghm5 danc$1 :ile ! c\ntry lads blew ! bullocks' horns1 or %\t$ ) all _! might2 b if !re 0 /ill no sign1 no com+ =? ( ei!r bread-&-*eese or ale1 !n ! ^w 0 giv51 ! pl\gh%>e driv5 into ! gr\nd be=e ! door or w9d[1 ! :ole tw5ty m5 yok$ pull+ l "o1 & 9 a m9ute or two ! gr\nd be=e ! h\se 0 z br[n1 b>r51 & ridgy z a newly-pl\gh$ field4 ,b ?is 0 r>ely done1 = ev]ybody gave some?+1 & 7 x b little ! m5 nev] murmur$1 ?\gh !y might talk ab\t ! /+9ess ( ! giv] aft]w>ds among/ !mselves1 m especially if ! p>ty 0 :at !y call$ 8well (f 9 ! _w40 ,we are n aw>e t ! pl\ghm5 7 ev] summon$ to answ] = su* a brea* ( ! law1 = !y believe1 to use _! own expressive language1 8!y c /& by x1 & no law 9 ! _w c t\* 'em1 'cause x's an old *>t]20 & we are sure x w\ld spoil _! 8folly to be wise40 ,"o ( ! mumm]s g5]ally we>s a fox's sk9 9 ! =m ( a hood2 b beyond ! laught] ! tail t hangs d[n 8 back awak5s by its motion z he dances1 we are at a loss to f9d a mean+4 ,bessy =m]ly wore a bullock's tail beh9d1 "u 8 g[n1 & :i* he held 9 8 h& :ile danc+1 b t app5dage has n be5 worn ( late4 ,,norfolk4 ,hone's ,ye> ,book1 p4 #bi1 gives a quotation f a ,briefe ,relation1 c41 #afdf1 :]e9 ! writ] says1 t ! ,monday aft] ,twelf? ,day is call$ 8,pl[lick ,monday0 by ! husb&m5 9 ,norfolk1 8because on t day !y doe fir/ beg9 to pl\gh40 ,,nor?ampton%ire4 ,9 ! nor!rn & ea/]n p>ts ( ! c\nty ,pl\gh ,monday is m notic$ ?an 9 ! neighb\rhood ( ,nor?ampton4 ,! pageant v>ies 9 diff]5t places2 sometimes five p]sons prec$e ! pl\gh1 :i* is drawn by a numb] ( boys ) _! faces black5$ & r$dl$4 ,=m]ly1 :5 ! pageant 0 ( a m important "* ?an n[1 ! pl\gh 0 drawn by ox5 decorat$ ) ribbons4 ,! "o :o walks fir/ 9 ! procession is /yl$ ! ,ma/]1 & is grotesquely attir$1 hav+ on a l>ge wig2 two are gaily b$iz5$ 9 wom5's clo!s2 & two o!rs h l>ge hun*es on _! backs1 on :i* is sew$ ! knave ( he>ts4 ,^! two are call$ ,r$ ,jacks1 or fools4 ,ea* ( ! five c>ries a besom1 & "o ( !m a box1 :i* he rattles assidu\sly among ! spectators to obta9 _! donations1 :i* are sp5t at night 9 conviviality & jollification4 ,9 "s in/ances !y pl\gh up ! soil 9 front ( ! h\ses ( su* p]sons z refuse _! contributions4 ,be=e ! inclosure ( op5 fields1 !re 0 ano!r cu/om 9 connection ) ! day4 ,:5 ! pl\ghman return$ f 8 lab\rs 9 ! ev5+1 ! s]vant-maid us$ to meet him ) a jug ( toa/ & ale2 & if he c\ld succe$ 9 ?r[+ 8 pl\gh-hat*et into ! h\se be=e %e rea*$ ! door1 he 0 entitl$ to a cock to ?r[ at ,%rovetide2 b if %e 0 able to pres5t him ) ! toa/ & ale fir/1 !n %e ga9$ ! cock4 7,see page #ch47--;,bak]'s ,nor?ampton%ire ,words & ,phrases1 #ahed1 ii4 #abeg4 ,,york%ire4 ,on ! ,monday aft] ,twelf? ,day1 says ,cl>kson 7,hi/4 ( ,ri*mond1 #ahba1 p4 #bic71 a numb] ( "y m5 f ! c\ntry1 yok$ to a pl\gh1 drag x ab\t ! /reets1 begg+ money1 9 allusion to ! lab\rs ( ! pl\gh hav+ ceas$ 9 t sev]e wea!r4 ,9 l mann] ! wat]m5 9 ,london1 :5 ! ,?ames is cov]$ ) ice 9 h>d fro/s1 haul a boat ab\t ! /reets1 to %[ t !y are depriv$ ( ! means ( e>n+ _! livelihood4 ,,jan4 #aj4 ,,ox=d%ire4 ,po9t]1 9 8 ,oxoni5sis ,academia 7#agdi1 p4 #if71 alludes to a practice obs]v$ at ,/4 ,john's & ,corpus ,*ri/i ,colleges1 ,ox=d1 ( hav+ a spee* spok5 on ?is day1 9 laudem ,laudi ,ar*iepiscopi4 ,,jan4 #ab4 ,,scotl&4 ,?is day is obs]v$ by ! p ( ,halkirk1 z ,new ,ye>'s ,day1 a "t :5 s]vants are too apt to sp5d _! h>d-e>n$ p5ny 9 dr9k & o!r equally useless purposes4--,/at4 ,acc4 ( ,scotl&1 #ahde1 vol4 xv4 p4 #ge4 ,,jan4 #ac4 ,,/4 ,,hil>y',s ,,day4 ,/4 ,hil>y is memorable 9 ! annals ( ,ri*mond1 9 ! c\nty ( ,york1 z on ! anniv]s>y ( 8 fe/ival ! mayor is *os5 = ! ensu+ ye>1 :i* causes x to be obs]v$ z a jubilee-day among ! fri5ds1 & ^? conc]n$ 9 corporation matt]s4 ,/4 ,hil>y likewise gives "n to "o ( ! f\r seasons ( ! ye> :5 ! c\rts ( ju/ice are op5$4--,cl>kson's ,hi/4 ( ,ri*mond1 #ahba1 p4 #bic4 ,,jan4 #ad4 ,,mall>d ,,night4 ,,ox=d%ire4 ,?is day 0 =m]ly celebrat$ 9 ,all ,s\ls ,college1 ,ox=d1 9 commemoration ( ! discov]y ( a v l>ge mall>d or drake 9 a dra91 :5 digg+ = ! f\ndation ( ! college2 & ?\gh ?is obs]vance no long] exi/s1 yet on "o ( ! college 8gaudies0 !re is sung 9 memory ( ! occurr5ce a v old song call$ 8,! swapp+1 swapp+ mall>d40 8,,! ,,m]ry ,,old ,,song ,,( ,,! ,,all ,,s\ls ,,mall>d4 8,griff91 bu/>d1 turkey1 capon1 ,let o!r hungry mortals gape on2 ,& on ! bones _! /oma* fall h>d1 ,b let ,all ,s\ls' m5 h _! ,mall>d4 ,oh6 by ! blood ( ,k+ ,edw>d1#i ,oh6 by ! blood ( ,k+ ,edw>d1 ,x 0 a swapp+1 swapp+ ,mall>d4 ,! ,romans once admir$ a g&] ,m ?an !y did _! *ief comm&]2 ,because he sav$1 if "s don't fool u1 ,! place t's call$ ?' #8head ( ,tolus4' ,oh6 by ! blood ( ,k+ ,edw>d1 c4 ,! poets feign ,jove turn$ a swan1 ,b let !m prove x if !y c2 ,z = our pro(1 'tis n at all h>d1 ,= x 0 a swapp+1 swapp+ ,mall>d4 ,oh6 by ! blood ( ,k+ ,edw>d1 c4 ,!re=e let u s+ & dance a galli>d1 ,to ! remembrance ( ! ,mall>d2 ,& z ! ,mall>d dives 9 pool1 ,let u dabble1 dive1 & duck 9 b[l4 ,oh6 by ! blood ( ,k+ ,edw>d1 ,oh6 by ! blood ( ,k+ ,edw>d1 ,x 0 a swapp+1 swapp+ ,mall>d40 #i ,! allusion to ,k+ ,edw>d is surely an ana*ronism1 z ,k+ ,h5ry ,,vi4 0 reign+ at ! "t ( ! f\ndation ( ! college4--,book ( ,days1 vol4 i4 p4 #aad4 ,:5 ,po9t] wrote 8 ,oxoni5sis ,academia 7#agdi71 he committ$ a grave (f5ce by ins9uat+ t ?is immortalis$ mall>d 0 no o!r ?an a goose4 ,! ins9uation produc$ a reply f ,dr4 ,buckl]1 replete ) irresi/ible irony2 b ,po9t] met a p>tisan 9 ,mr4 ,bilson1 *apla9 ( ,all ,s\ls1 :o issu$ a folio %eet entitl$ #8,proposals = pr9t+ by subscription ! ,hi/ory ( ! ,mall>dians1' ) ! figure ( a cat prefix$1 said to h be5 f\nd />v$ 9 ! college libr>y4--,hi/4 ( ,co4 ( ,ox=d1 #aheb1 p4 #add4 ,,jan4 #ag4 ,,septuagesima4 ,septuagesima occurs betwe5 ?is day & ,febru>y ! #bbnd1 accord+ z ! ,pas*al full moon falls4 ,x 0 =m]ly di/+ui%$ by a /range c]emony1 d5om9at$ ! ,fun]al ( ,alleluia4 ,on ! ,saturday ( ,septuagesima1 at nones1 ! *ori/]s assembl$ 9 ! great ve/i>y ( ! ca!dral1 & !re arrang$ ! c]emony4 ,hav+ f9i%$ ! la/ b5$icamus1 !y advanc$ ) crosses1 tor*es1 holy wat]s1 & inc5se1 c>ry+ a turf 9 ! mann] ( a c(f91 pass$ ?r\gh ! *oir1 & w5t h[l+ to ! cloi/] z f> z ! place ( int]m5t2 & !n hav+ spr9kl$ ! wat] & c5s$ ! place1 return$ by ! same road4--,fosbroke's ,briti% ,mona*ism1 #ahdc1 p4 #ef4 ,,jan4 #bj4 ,,/4 ,,agnes' ,,eve4 ,?is night 0 =m]ly mu* v5]at$ by "y maid5s :o wi%$ to "k :5 & :om !y %\ld m>ry4 ,x 0 requir$ t on ?is day !y %\ld n eat1 :i* 0 call$ 8fa/+ ,/4 ,agnes' fa/40 ,keats has made ?is cu/om ! subject ( "o ( 8 poems4 ,! foll[+ are a few /anzas f x3 8,/4 ,agnes's ,eve6 ,ah1 bitt] *ill x 06 ,! owl1 = all 8 fea!rs1 0 a-cold2 ,! h>e limp'd trembl+ ?r\gh ! froz5 grass1 ,& sil5t 0 ! flock 9 woolly fold4 99 99 99 99 99 ,!y told me h[1 ^u ,/4 ,agnes's ,eve ,"y virg9s might h visions ( delight2 ,& s(t ador+s f _! loves receive1 ,^u ! honey'd middle ( ! night1 ,if c]emonies due !y did aright2 ,z supp]less to b$ !y mu/ retire1 ,& c\* sup9e _! beauties1 lily:ite2 ,nor look beh9d1 nor sideways1 b require ,( ,heav51 ) upw>d eyes1 = all t !y desire4 99 99 99 99 99 ,h] vesp]s done1 ,( all its wret*$ pe>ls h] hair %e frees2 ,unclasp'd h] w>m$ jewels "o by "o2 ,loos5s h] fragrant bodice2 by degrees ,h] ri* attire creeps ru/l+ to h] knees3 ,half hidd51 l a m]maid 9 sea-we$1 ,p5sive a:ile %e dreams awake1 & sees1 ,9 fancy1 fair ,/4 ,agnes 9 h] b$1 ,b d>es n look beh9d1 or all ! *>m is fl$40 ,,scotl&4 ,=m]ly on ! eve ( ,/4 ,agnes' ,day ! foll[+ cu/om 01 & p]*ance /ill is obs]v$ 9 ! nor!rn p>ts ( ,scotl& by ! m\nta9 peasantry4 ,a numb] ( "y lads & lasses meet+ toge!r on ! eve ( ,/4 ,agnes1 at ! h\r ( twelve1 w5t "o by "o to a c]ta9 cornfield1 & ?rew 9 "s gra91 aft] :i* !y pron\nc$ ! foll[+ rhyme3 8,agnes sweet & ,agnes fair1 ,hi!r1 hi!r1 n[ repair2 ,bonny ,agnes1 let me see ,! lad :o is to m>ry me40 ,! pray] 0 grant$ by _! fav\rite sa9t1 & ! %ad[ ( ! de/9$ bride or bridegroom 0 se5 9 a mirror on ?is v night4--,"t's ,telescope1 #ahcb1 p4 #ae4 ,,jan4 #ba4 ,,/4 ,,agnes' ,,day4 ,s9ce ! ,re=mation1 ,/4 ,agnes has by degrees lo/ h] consequ5ce 9 ?is c\ntry z sup]/ition has subsid$2 ?\gh our rural virg9s 9 ! nor? are yet said to practise "s s+ul> rites1 9 keep+ 8:at !y call ,/4 ,agnes' ,fa/1 = ! purpose ( discov]+ _! future husb&s40--,clavis ,cal5d>ia1 ,brady1 #ahae1 vol4 i4 p4 #agj4 ,see ,"m ,bun*'s ,closet ,newly ,broke ,op51 #ahbe 7874 ,anatomy ( ,melan*oly1 ,burton1 #affj1 p4 #ech4 ,,jan4 #bd4 ,,/4 ,,paul',s ,,eve4 ,,cornwall4 ,! fir/ r$-lett] day 9 ! ,t9n]'s ,cal5d> is ,/4 ,paul's ,pit*]-day1 or ! ,eve ( ,paul's ,tide4 ,x is m>k$ by a v curi\s & inexplicable cu/om1 n only among t9-/ream]s1 b also 9 ! mix$ m9+ & agricultural t[n & neighb\rhood ( ,bodm91 & among ! seaf>+ population ( ,pad/[4 ,! t9n]'s mode ( obs]v+ x is z foll[s3--,on ! day be=e ! ,fea/ ( ,/4 ,paul1 a wat]-pit*] is set up at a conv5i5t di/ance1 & pelt$ ) /ones until entirely demoli%$4 ,! m5 !n leave _! "w1 & adj\rn to a neighb\r+ ale-h\se1 :]e a new pit*] b\ght to replace ! old "o is successively fill$ & empti$1 & ! ev5+ is giv5 up to m]rim5t & misrule4 ,on inquiry :e!r "s dim notion ( ! orig9 & mean+ ( ?is cu/om rema9$ among ^? :o /ill keep x up1 x 0 f\nd to be g5]ally held z an anci5t fe/ival int5d$ to celebrate ! day :5 t9 0 fir/ turn$ into metal--9 fact1 ! discov]y ( smelt+4 ,x is ! occasion ( a revel1 9 :i*1 z an old /ream] obs]ves1 !re is an op5 rebellion aga9/ ! wat]-dr9k+ sy/em :i* is en=c$ ^u !m :il/ at "w4 ,! cu/om ( obs]v+ ,paul's ,pit*] ,night is probably half-=gott5 ev5 9 ,cornwall at ! pres5t "t1 :]e _m ( ! anci5t prov9cial usages h be5 suff]$ to die out4 ,x 01 h[ev]1 9 full vig\r s rec5tly z #ahei4 ,! boys ( ,bodm9 p>ade ! t[n ) brok5 pit*]s1 & o!r e>!nw>e vessels1 & into e h\se1 :]e ! door c be op5$1 or has be5 inadv]t5tly left s1 !y hurl a 8,paul's pit*]10 exclaim+1 8,paul's ,eve1 ,& "h's a heave40 ,accord+ to cu/om1 ! fir/ 8heave0 _c be object$ to2 b ^u its repetition ! (f5d]1 if caught1 may be puni%$4--,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq4 #ahgj1 vol4 i4 p4 #bc2 ,n4 ,q4 #a/ ,s4 vol4 iii4 p4 #bci2 #bnd ,s4 vol4 viii4 p4 #cab4 ,,jan4 #be4 ,,/4 ,,paul',s ,,day4 ,/rype1 9 8 ,ecclesia/ical ,memorials 7#ahbb1 vol4 iii4 "p i4 p4 #cca71 says3 ,on ! #be? ( ,janu>y 7#aeed71 be+ ,/4 ,paul's ,day1 0 a g5]al procession ( ,/4 ,paul by e p>i%1 bo? prie/s & cl]ks1 9 copes1 to ! numb] ( an hundr$ & sixty1 s++ ,salve fe/a dies1 ) n9ety crosses borne4 ,! procession 0 ?r\gh ,*eap unto ,lead5hall4 ,& be=e w5t two s*ools2 t is1 fir/1 all ! *ildr5 ( ! ,gray ,fri>s1 & !n ^? ( ,/4 ,paul's s*ool4 ,!re 7 eight bi%ops1 & ! ,bi%op ( ,london1 mitr$1 be>+ ! ,sacram5t1 ) _m tor*es burn+1 & a canopy borne ov]4 ,& s ab\t ! *ur*y>d1 & 9 at ! ,we/ door1 ) ! ,"l ,mayor & ,ald]m51 & all ! ,companies 9 _! be/ liv]ies4 ,& )9 a :ile aft]1 ! ,k+ came1 & ! ,"l ,c>d9al1 & ! ,pr9ce ( ,piemont1 & div]s lords & knights4 ,at ! foot ( ! /eps to ! *oir1 z ! ,k+ w5t up1 kneel$ ! g5tlem5 lately p>don$1 (f]+ him _! s]vice4 ,aft] mass1 !y return$ to ! c\rt to d9n]4 ,& at night bonfires1 & great r++ ( bells 9 e *ur*4 ,& all ?is joy 0 = ! conv]sion ( ! realm4 ,x 0 on ?is day t ! husb&m5 ( old us$ to make progno/ics ( ! wea!r1 & ( o!r matt]s = ! :ole ye>1 a cu/om :i* ,b\rne 7,antiquitates ,vulg>es1 *ap4 xviii4 p4 #aei7 has tri$ to unravel4--,new ,curiosities ( ,lit]ature1 ,soane1 #ahdg1 p4 #db4 ,/4 ,paul's ,ca!dral4--,"o ( ! /range/ ( ! old c]emonies 9 :i* ! cl]gy ( ,/4 ,paul's ,ca!dral us$ to figure 0 t :i* 0 p]=m$ twice a ye>1 namely1 on ! day ( ! ,conv]sion1 & on t ( ! ,commemoration ( ,/4 ,paul4 ,on ! =m] ( ^! fe/ivals a fat buck1 & on ! latt] a fat doe1 0 pres5t$ to ! *ur* by ! family ( ,baud1 9 consid]ation ( "s l&s :i* !y held ( ! ,dean & ,*apt] at ,we/ ,lee 9 ,essex4 ,! orig9al agreem5t made ) ,sir ,william ,le ,baud1 9 #abgd1 0 t he himself %\ld att5d 9 p]son ) ! animals2 b "s ye>s aft]w>ds x 0 arrang$ t ! pres5tation %\ld be made by a s]vant1 accompani$ by a deputation ( "p ( ! family4 ,! prie/s1 h[ev]1 cont9u$ to p]=m _! "p 9 ! %[4 ,on ! a=esaid days1 ! buck & doe 7 br\ght by "o or m s]vants at ! h\r ( ! procession1 & ?r\gh ! mid/ !re(1 & (f]$ at ! high alt> ( ,/4 ,paul's ,ca!dral2 aft] :i* ! p]sons t br\ght ! buck receiv$ ( ! ,dean & ,*apt]1 by ! h&s ( _! *amb]la91 twelvep5ce = _! ent]ta9m5t2 b no?+ :5 !y br\ght ! doe4 ,! buck be+ br\ght to ! /eps ( ! alt>1 ! ,dean & ,*apt]1 app>ell$ 9 copes & prop] ve/m5ts1 ) g>l&s ( roses on _! heads1 s5t ! body ( ! buck to be bak$1 & _h ! head & horns fix$ on a pole be=e ! cross 9 _! procession r\nd ab\t ! *ur*1 till !y issu$ at ! ,we/ door1 :]e ! keep] t br\ght x bl[$ ! dea? ( ! buck1 & !n ! horns t 7 ab\t ! city answ]$ him 9 l mann]2 = :i* !y _h ea* ( ! ,dean & ,*apt] ?ree & f\rp5ce 9 money1 & _! d9n]2 & ! keep]1 dur+ 8 /ay1 meat1 dr9k1 & lodg+1 & five %ill+s 9 money at 8 go+ away2 toge!r ) a loaf ( bread1 hav+ on x ! picture ( ,/4 ,paul4 ,?is cu/om 0 cont9u$ till ! reign ( ,elizabe?4--,beauties ( ,engl&1 ,brayley & ,britton1 #ahjc1 vol4 v4 p4 #dhf4 ,,jan4 #ca4 ,,execution ,,( ,,*>les ,i4 ,! anniv]s>y ( ! execution ( ,k+ ,*>les ,i4 0 =m]ly celebrat$1 & a special =m ( pray] made use (1 :i* 0 remov$ f ! ,pray] ,book by an ,act ( ,p>liam5t 7#bb ,vict4 c4 #b1 ,m>* #be1 #ahei74 ,! foll[+ extract is tak5 f ! ,c\ri]1 ( ! #cj? ( ,janu>y1 #ahbf3 8,?is be+ ! anniv]s>y ( ,k+ ,*>les' ,m>tyrdom 79 #afdi71 ! ,royal ,ex*ange gates 7 %ut till twelve o'clock1 :5 !y 7 op5$ = public bus9ess40 ,!re is a /ory told reg>d+ a ,miss ,russell1 great gr&daught] ( ,oliv] ,cromwell1 :o 0 wait+-woman to ! ,pr9cess ,amelia1 daught] ( ,george ,,ii41 to ! effect t1 :ile engag$ 9 h] duty "o #cj? ( ,janu>y1 ! ,pr9ce ( ,wales came into ! room1 & sportively said1 8,= %ame1 ,miss ,russell6 :y h y n be5 at *ur*1 humbl+ y\rself ) weep+s & wail+s = ! s9s on ?is day committ$ by y\r ance/or80 ,to :i* ,miss ,russell answ]$1 8,sir1 = a desc5dant ( ! great ,oliv] ,cromwell1 x is humiliation suffici5t to be employ$1 z ,i am1 9 p9n+ up ! tail ( y\r si/]60--,r$e's ,anecdotes1 #agii1 quot$ 9 ,book ( ,days1 vol4 i4 p4 #aib4 ,,jan4 #ca4 ,,isle ,,( ,,man4 ,on ! eve ( ! #a/ ( ,febru>y a fe/ival 0 =m]ly kept1 call$ 9 ! ,manks language ,laa'l ,bree%ey1 9 hon\r ( ! ,iri% lady :o w5t ov] to ! ,isle ( ,man to receive ! veil f ,/4 ,maughold4 ,! cu/om 0 to ga!r a bundle ( gre5 ru%es1 & /&+ ) !m 9 ! h& on ! ?re%old ( ! door1 to invite ! holy ,sa9t ,bridget to come & lodge ) !m t night4 ,9 ! ,manks language1 ! invitation ran ?us3--8,br$e1 ,br$e1 t> gys my ?ie1 t> dyn ?ie ayms noght4 ,fo%il jee yn dorrys da ,br$e1 z lhig da ,br$e e heet /aigh40 ,9 ,engli%1 8,bridget1 ,bridget1 come to my h\se1 come to my h\se to-night--op5 ! door = ,bridget1 & let ,bridget come 940 ,aft] ^! words 7 repeat$1 ! ru%es 7 /rewn on ! floor by way ( a c>pet or b$ = ,/4 ,bridget4--,tra9's ,hi/ory ( ! ,isle ( ,man1 #ahde1 vol4 ii4 p4 #aaf4 ,,nott+ham%ire4 ,! foll[+ extract f ! ,new>k ,adv]tis] ( ,feb4 #bnd4 #ahgj1 describes a cu/om t exi/$ = a long "t at ,new>k3 8,= _m ye>s pa/ ! la/ day 9 ,janu>y has be5 obs]v$ 9 ,new>k z a raffl+ day = oranges 9 ! m>ket-place4 ,on ,monday la/ application 0 made to ,mr4 ,sup]9t5d5t ,riddell1 at ! ,po/ ,(fice1 z to :e!r ! practice w\ld be all[$ ?is ye> z usual4 ,he advis$ !m to apply to ! sitt+ magi/rates1 & ^u do+ s ,mr4 ,wallis 7deputy cl]k7 read to !m ! ,act ( ,p>liam5t1 :i* /at$ t !y w\ld be liable to ?ree mon?s' h>d lab\r if !y raffl$4 ,! applicants said !y believ$ !re 0 "s old *>t] :i* gave !m ! privilege 9 ,new>k = raffl+ on t day1 b !y 7 told ! ,act ( ,p>liam5t made no exceptions1 & ! magi/rates said !y c\ld n give !m p]mission to break ! law4 ,on ,monday1 !re=e1 no raffl+ took place1 & we may reg>d ! practice z f9ally put an end to1 :i* w be a matt] ( great satisfaction to _m4--,see1 ,e ,day ,book1 vol4 ii4 p4 #afa4 ,,ox=d%ire4 ,by ! common p1 ! ,saturday prec$+ ,%rove ,tuesday is call$ ,egg ,saturday4 ,?is "n is employ$ z a date by ,an?ony ,wood3 8,"o hundr$ & n9ety-two ba*elors to det]m9e ?is ,l5t1 b tw5ty-?ree or !reab\ts 7 n pres5t$ on ,egg ,saturday40--,m$4 vi ,kal5d4 vol4 i4 p4 #aeh4 ,lives ( ,lel&1 ,he>ne1 & ,wood1 #aggb1 vol4 ii4 p4 #big4 ,,feb4 #a4 ,,c&lemas ,,eve4 ,on ,c&lemas ,eve 0 k9dl$ ! yule-br&1 :i* 0 all[$ to burn till sunset1 :5 x 0 qu5*$ & c>efully laid by to te5d 7i4e4 light7 ! ,*ri/mas clog or log at ! next return ( ! season4 ,?us ,h]rick1 ,hesp]ides1 p4 #ccg1 says3 8,k9dle ! ,*ri/mas ,br&1 & !n ,till sunne-set let x burne2 ,:i* qu5*t1 !n lay x up ag5 ,till ,*ri/mas next returne4 ,"p mu/ be kept :]e) to te5d ,! ,*ri/mas ,log next ye>e2 ,& :]e 'tis safely kept1 ! fi5d ,c d no mis*iefe !re40 ,! rosem>y1 ! bay1 ! ivy1 ! holly1 & ! mi/letoe1 ! ,*ri/mas decorations ( hall & cottage1 7 n[ pull$ d[n1 :51 accord+ to ! popul> sup]/ition1 n a bran*1 nor ev5 a leaf1 %\ld be all[$ to rema94 8,d[n ) ! ,rosem>y & s ,d[n ) ! ,baies & ! ,misleto3 ,d[n ) ! ,holly1 ,ivie1 all ,:]e) ye dress ! ,*ri/mas ,hall3 ,t s ! sup]/iti\s f9d ,no "o lea/ bran* !re left beh9d3 ,= look1 h[ _m leaves !re be ,neglect$ !re 7maids tru/ to me71 ,s _m gobl9s y %all see40 ,h]rick 7,hesp]ides1 p4 #cfa74 ,9 ! place1 h[ev]1 ( ! ,*ri/mas decorations1 ! 8gre5] box 0 uprais$10 & ,*ri/mas n[ 0 positively at an end4 ,"s inde$1 consid]$ ?is to h be5 ! case on ,twelf? ,night1 & old ,tuss]1 9 8 ,five ,hundr$ ,po9ts ( good ,husb&ry1 /rongly cont5ds = x2 b !n 8 head 0 m full ( ! c>t & pl\gh ?an ( reg>d = old cu/oms2 & l any o!r ma/]1 he 0 naturally anxi\s t ! holidays %\ld be end$1 & ! lab\r]s %\ld get to "w aga9 z soon z possible2 & m]ry-mak+1 h[ev] agreeable x may be1 w n help to dig ! l& or s[ ! gra94 ,b 9 spite ( ^! wise saws1 ! tru? ( :i* nobody w\ld conte/1 human feel+s are /rong] ?an human reason1 & cu/oms1 :5 !y t5d to pleasure1 w ma9ta9 _! gr\nd till !y are sup]s$$1 n by privations1 b by o!r =ms ( amusem5t4--,new ,curiosities ( ,lit]ature1 ,soane1 #ahdg1 vol4 i4 p4 #eb4 ,! foll[+ is f ,h]rick's ,hesp]ides1 p4 #ccg4 8,d[n ) ! ,rosem>y & ,bayes1 ,d[n ) ! ,misleto2 ,in/ead ( ,holly1 n[ up-raise ,! gre5] ,box = %[4 ,! ,holly hi!rto did sway1 ,let ,box n[ dom9e]e1 ,until ! danc+ ,ea/] ,day1 ,or ,ea/]'s ,eve appe>e4 ,!n y\?ful ,box1 :i* n[ ha? grace ,y\r h\ses to r5ew1 ,gr[n old1 surr5d] mu/ 8 place ,unto ! crisp$ ,yew4 ,:5 ,yew is out1 !n ,bir* comes 91 ,& _m fl[]s beside2 ,bo? ( a fre% & fragrant k9ne ,to hon\r ,:itsontide4 ,gre5 ,ru%es !n1 & sweete/ ,b5ts1 ,) cool] ,oak5 b\ghs1 ,come 9 = comely ornam5ts ,to re-adorn ! h\se4 ,?us times d %ift2 ea* ?+ 8 turne does hold2 ,new ?+s succe$1 z =m] ?+s gr[ old40 ,,nott+ham%ire4 ,x 0 at "o "t cu/om>y1 9 ! villages bord]+ on ! ,tr5t1 to decorate n only *ur*es b h\ses ) bran*es ( box1 & to light up a numb] ( c&les 9 ! ev5+1 z be+ ! la/ day ( ,*ri/mas rejoic+s4 8,on ,c&lemas ,day ?r[ c&les away0 is a popul> prov]b = ! foll[+ day4--,j\r4 ,ar*4 ,assoc4 #ahec1 vol4 viii4 p4 #bca4 ,,feb4 #b4 ,,c&lemas ,,day4 ,?is day1 ! fe/ival ( ! 8,purification ( ! ,bless$ ,virg9 ,m>y10 is sometimes call$ ,*ri/'s ,pres5tation1 ! ,holiday ( ,/4 ,simeon1 & ,! ,wives' ,fea/4 ,! c]emony ( c&le-be>+ 7:i* cont9u$ 9 ,engl& till x 0 repeal$ = its ,popi% t5d5cy by an ord] 9 c\ncil 9 ! second ye> ( ,k+ ,edw>d ,,vi47 is g5]ally consid]$ to ref] to :at ,simeon said :5 he took ! infant ,jesus 9 8 arms1 & decl>$ t he 0 a light to light5 ! ,g5tiles4 ,pope ,innoc5t1 9 a s]mon on ?is fe/ival quot$ 9 ,pagano ,papismus1 9 reply to ! "q 8,:y d we 7! ,ca?olics7 9 ?is fea/ c>ry c&les80 says1 8,because ! ,g5tiles d$icat$ ! mon? ( ,febru>y to ! inf]nal gods2 & z at ! beg9n+ ( x ,pluto /ole ,pros]p9e1 & h] "m1 ,c]es1 s\ght h] 9 ! night ) light$ c&les1 s !y 9 ! beg9n+ ( ?is mon?1 walk$ ab\t ! city ) light$ c&les4 ,because ! holy fa!rs c\ld n utt]ly extirpate ?is cu/om1 !y orda9$ t ,*ri/ians %\ld c>ry ab\t c&les 9 hon\r ( ! bless$ ,virg9 ,m>y2 & ?us :at 0 done be=e to ! hon\r ( ,c]es is n[ done to ! hon\r ( ! ,virg940 ,f :atev] cause1 h[ev]1 ! c]emony orig9at$1 x acquir$ _m additional rites 9 ! process ( "t1 accord+ to ! mann]s & habits ( ^? :o adopt$ x4 ,we are told 9 ,dun/an's ,concord ( ,mona/ic ,rules t 8! monks w5t 9 surplices to ! *ur* = c&les1 :i* 7 to be consecrat$1 spr9kl$ ) holy wat]1 & inc5s$ by ! abbot4 ,e monk took a c&le f ! sacri/ & light$ x4 ,a procession 0 made1 ?irds & mass 7 celebrat$1 & ! c&les1 aft] ! (f]+1 7 pres5t$ to ! prie/4 ,! monks' c&les signifi$ ! use ( !m 9 ! p>able ( ! wise virg9s40 ,accord+ to "s au?orities1 !re 0 on ?is day a g5]al consecration ( all ! c&les to be burnt 9 ! ,ca?olic *ur*es ?r\gh\t ! :ole ye>2 & x %\ld also be m5tion$ t f ,c&lemas ! use ( tap]s at vesp]s & litanies1 :i* _h cont9u$ ?r\gh ! :ole w9t]1 ceas$ until ! ensu+ ,all ,hall[ ,mass1 :i* w s]ve to expla9 ! old ,engli% prov]b 9 ,ray's collection3 8,on ,c&lemas ,day1 ,?r[ c&le & c&le/ick away40 ,new ,curiosities ( ,lit]ature1 vol4 i4 p4 #be4 ,,dorset%ire4 ,=m]ly at ,lyme ,regis ! wood-a%es ( ! family be+ sold ?r\gh\t ! ye> z !y 7 made1 ! p]son :o pur*as$ !m annually s5t a pres5t on ?is day ( a l>ge c&le4 ,:5 night came1 ?is c&le 0 light$1 &1 assi/$ by its illum9ation1 ! inmates regal$ !mselves ) *e]+ draughts ( ale1 & sipp+s ( pun*1 or "s o!r animat+ bev]age1 until ! c&le _h burnt out4 ,! com+ ( ! ,c&lemas ,c&le 0 look$ =w>d to by ! "y ones z an ev5t ( "s importance2 = ( usage !y _h a sort ( "r to sit up t night1 & p>take ( ! refre%m5t1 till all retir$ to re/1 ! signal = :i* 0 ! self-ext9ction ( ! ,c&lemas ,c&le4--,e ,day ,book1 vol4 i4 p4 #bjf4 ,,york%ire4 ,=m]ly at ,ripon1 on ! ,sunday be=e ,c&lemas ,day1 ! collegiate *ur* 0 illum9at$ ) c&les4--,g5t4 ,mag4 #agij1 vol4 lx4 p4 #gai4 ,,scotl&4 ,at gramm> s*ools x is1 or 01 an univ]sal cu/om = ! *ildr5 att5d+ s*ools to make small pres5ts ( money to _! tea*]s4 ,! ma/] sits at 8 desk or table1 ex*ang+ = ! mom5t 8 usual au?oritative look = "o ( bl& civility1 & ea* *ild goes up 9 turn & lays 8 (f]+ d[n be=e him1 ! sum be+ g5]ally proportion$ to ! abilities ( ! p>5t4 ,sixp5ce & a %ill+ are ! usual sums 9 mo/ s*ools1 b "s give half1 & :ole cr[ns1 & ev5 m4 ,! boy & girl :o give mo/ are respectively /yl$ k+ & que54 ,! *ildr5 be+ !n dismiss$ = a holiday proce$ along ! /reets 9 a confus$ procession1 c>ry+ ! k+ & que5 9 /ate1 exalt$ ^u t seat1 =m$ ( cross$ h&s1 :i*1 probably f ?is circum/ance1 is call$ 8! k+'s *air40 ,9 "s s*ools x us$ to be cu/om>y = ! tea*]1 on ! conclusion ( ! (f]+s1 to make a b[l ( pun*1 & regale ea* boy ) a glass to dr9k ! k+ & que5's heal?1 & a biscuit4 ,! latt] "p ( ! day 0 usually devot$ to :at 0 call$ ! ,c&lemass bleeze or blaze1 namely1 ! conflagration ( any piece ( furze :i* might exi/ 9 _! neighb\rhood1 or1 7 t want+1 ( an artificial bonfire4 ,accord+ to ,s9clair ! k+'s p[] la/$ = six weeks1 & dur+ 8 reign he 0 n only entitl$ to dem& an aft]noon's play = ! s*ol>s once a week1 b _h also ! royal privilege ( remitt+ puni%m5ts4--,book ( ,days1 vol i4 p4 #bad4 ,/at4 ,acc4 ( ,scotl&1 ,s9clair1 #agid1 vol4 xiii4 p4 #baa4 ,x 0 =m]ly cu/om>y 9 ,scotl& to hold a football mat*1 ! ea/ end ( a t[n aga9/ ! we/1 ! unm>ri$ m5 aga9/ ! m>ri$1 or "o p>i% aga9/ ano!r4 ,! 8,c&lemas ba'10 z x 0 call$1 br\ght ! :ole community out 9 a /ate ( high excitem5t4 ,on "o occasion :5 ! sport took place 9 ,j$burgh1 ! cont5d+ p>ties1 aft] a /ruggle ( two h\rs 9 ! /reets1 transf]r$ ! cont5tion to ! b$ ( ! riv] ,j$1 & !re f\ght x out amid/ a sc5e ( fe>ful spla% & dabblem5t1 to ! inf9ite amusem5t ( a multitude look+ on f ! bridge4--,book ( ,days1 vol4 i4 p4 #bad4 ,,we/]n ,,isles ,,( ,,scotl&4 ,z ,c&lemas ,day comes r\nd1 ! mi/ress & s]vants ( ea* family tak+ a %eaf ( oats1 dress x up 9 woman's app>el1 & aft] putt+ x 9 a l>ge basket1 beside :i* a wood5 club is plac$1 !y cry ?ree times1 8,briid is come6 ,briid is welcome60 ,?is !y d j be=e go+ to b$1 & z soon z !y rise 9 ! morn+1 !y look among ! a%es1 expect+ to see ! impression ( ,briid's club !re1 :i* if !y d1 !y reckon x a true presage ( a good crop & prosp]\s ye>1 & ! contr>y !y take z an ill-om54--,description ( ! ,we/]n ,isles ( ,scotl&1 ,m>t91 #agjc1 p4 #aai4 ,,collop ,,monday4 ,! ,monday be=e ,%rove ,tuesday is s call$ because x 0 ! la/ day ( fle%-eat+ be=e ,l5t1 & our ance/ors cut _! fre% meat into collops or /eaks1 = salt+ or hang+ up until ,l5t 0 ov]2 & h5ce 9 _m places x is cu/om>y to h eggs & collops1 or slices ( bacon at d9n] on ?is day4--,e ,day ,book1 vol4 i4 p4 #bda4 ,,buck+ham%ire4 ,at ,eton x 0 ! cu/om = ! s*ol>s to write v]ses ei!r 9 praise or dispraise ( ,fa!r ,bac*us1 poets be+ consid]$ z imm$iately "u 8 protection4 ,he 0 !re=e sung on ?is occasion 9 all k9ds ( metres1 & ! v]ses ( ! boys ( ! sev5? & six?1 & "s ( ! fif? =ms1 7 affix$ to ! inn] doors ( ! college4 ,v]ses are /ill writt5 & put up on ?is day1 b ! "y poets are n conf9$ to ! subject ( writ+ eulogiums on ! ,god ( ,w9e4 ,x reta9s1 h[ev]1 ! "n ( ,bac*us4--,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq41 vol4 i4 p4 #fb4 ,/atus ,s*ol ,eton5sis1 ,a4,d4 #aefj1 fol4 #dbc4 ,,cornwall4 ,on ! day t]m$ ,hall' ,monday1 :i* prec$es ,%rove ,tuesday1 ab\t ! dusk ( ! ev5+ x is ! cu/om = boys1 & 9 "s cases = ^? :o are above ! age ( boys1 to pr[l ab\t ! /reets ) %ort clubs1 & to knock l\dly at e door1 runn+ (f to escape detection on ! slighte/ sign ( a motion )94 ,if1 h[ev]1 no att5tion be excit$1 & especially if any article be discov]$ neglig5tly expos$1 or c>elessly gu>d$1 !n ! ?+s are c>ri$ away2 & on ! foll[+ morn+ are discov]$ display$ 9 "s conspicu\s place1 to expose ! disgraceful want ( vigilance suppos$ to *>act]ise ! own]4 ,! "t :5 ?is is practis$ is call$ 8,nickanan night20 & ! individuals conc]n$ are suppos$ to repres5t "s imps ( d>kness1 :o seize on & expose ungu>d$ mom5ts4 ,on ! foll[+ eve 7,%rove ,tuesday71 ! clubs are aga9 9 requisition2 b on ?is occasion ! bl[s on ! door keep "t to ! foll[+ *ant3 8,nicka1 nicka nan2 ,give me "s pancake1 & !n ,i'll be gone4 ,b if y give me none1 ,i'll ?r[ a great /one1 ,& d[n y\r doors %all come40 ,report ( ! ,royal ,in/itution ( ,cornwall = #ahdb2 ,n4 ,q4 #a/ ,s4 vol4 xii4 p4 #big4 ,,devon%ire4 ,9 ! neighb\rhood ( ,bride/[1 ,okehampton1 ! *ildr5 g r\nd to ! diff]5t h\ses 9 ! p>i% on ! ,monday be=e ,%rove ,tuesday1 g5]ally by twos & ?rees1 & *ant ! foll[+ v]ses1 by way ( extract+ f ! inmates sundry contributions ( eggs1 fl\r1 butt]1 halfp5ce1 c41 to furni% out ! ,tuesday's fea/3 8,l5t ,crock1 give a pancake1 ,or a fritt]1 = my lab\r1 ,or a di% ( fl\r1 or a piece ( bread1 ,or :at y please to r5d]4 ,i see1 by ! lat*1 ,!re's some?+ to cat*2 ,i see1 by ! /r+1 ,!re's a good dame )94 ,trap1 trapp+ ?r[1 ,give me my mumps1 & ,i'll be g0 7gone74 ,! above is ! mo/ popul> v]sion1 & ! "o indig5\s to ! place2 b !re is ano!r set1 :i* 0 introduc$ "s ye>s ago by a late s*oolmi/ress1 :o 0 a native ( ano!r "p ( ! c\ntry1 :]e h] v]sion 0 cu/om>y3 8,%rovetide is nigh at h&1 ,& we are come a-%rov+2 ,pray1 ,dame1 give some?+1 ,an apple1 or a dumpl+1 ,or a piece ( crumple *eese1 ,( y\r own mak+1 ,or a piece ( pancake4 ,trip1 trapp+ ?r[2 ,give me my mumps1 & ,i'll be g40 ,?is cu/om exi/$ also 9 ! neighb\rhood ( ,salisbury4--,n4 ,q4 #a/ ,s4 vol4 v4 p4 #gg4 ,pop4 ,antiq4 #ahdi1 vol4 i4 p4 #fb4 ,,feb4 #c4 ,,/4 ,,blaize',s ,,day4 ,/4 ,blasius 0 ,bi%op ( ,seba/e1 a city ( ,cappadocia1 9 ! ,less] ,asia1 & is said to h suff]$ m>tyrdom 9 ! p]secution ( ,lic9us 9 #caf4 ,! fact ( iron combs hav+ be5 us$ 9 te>+ ! fle% ( ! m>tyr appe>s to be ! reason = 8 hav+ be5 adopt$ by ! wool-comb]s z _! patron sa9t4 ,! l>ge fl\ri%+ communities engag$ 9 ?is bus9ess 9 ,brad=d1 & o!r ,engli% t[ns1 are accu/om$ to hold a sept5nial jubilee on ! #crd ( ,febru>y1 9 hon\r ( ,jason ( ! ,gold5 ,fleece & ,/4 ,blaize2 & n _m ye>s ago ! fte 0 conduct$ ) consid]able /ate & c]emony4--,book ( ,days1 vol4 i4 p4 #bai4 ,9 #ahbe ! procession 0 drawn up 9 ! foll[+ ord]3 ,h]ald be>+ a flag4 ,wool/apl]s on horseback1 ea* horse cap>ison$ ) a fleece4 ,wor/$ ,sp9n]s & manufactur]s on horseback1 9 :ite /uff wai/coats1 ) ea* a sliv] ov] ! %\ld]1 & a :ite /uff sa%2 ! horses' necks cov]$ ) nets made ( ?ick y>n4 ,m]*ants on horseback1 ) col\r$ sa%es4 ,?ree gu>ds4 ,ma/]s' ,col\rs4 ,?ree gu>ds4 ,appr5tices & ,ma/]s' ,sons1 on horseback1 ) ornam5t$ caps1 sc>let /uff coats1 :ite /uff wai/coats1 & blue pantaloons4 ,brad=d & ,keighley ,b&s4 ,mace-be>]1 on foot4 ,six gu>ds4 ,k+4 ,que54 ,six gu>ds4 ,gu>ds4 ,jason4 ,pr9cess ,m$ea4 ,gu>ds4 ,bi%op's ,*apla94 ,bi%op ,blase4 ,%eph]d & ,%eph]dess4 ,%eph]d ,swa9s4 ,woolsort]s1 on horseback1 ) ornam5t$ caps1 & v>i\s col\r$ sliv]s4 ,comb ,mak]s4 ,*>coal ,burn]s4 ,comb]s' ,col\rs4 ,b&4 ,woolcomb]s1 ) wool wigs1 c4 ,b&4 ,dy]s1 ) r$ cockades1 blue aprons1 & cross$ sliv]s ( r$ & blue4 ,be=e ! procession />t$ x 0 address$ by ,ri*>d ,fawcett1 ,esq41 9 ! foll[+ l9es3 ,hail to ! day1 ^: k9d auspici\s rays ,deign'd fir/ to smile on fam\s ,bi%op ,blase6 ,to ! great au?or ( our ,comb+ trade1 ,?is day's devot$1 & due hon\r's paid ,to him ^: fame ?ro' ,brita9's isle res\nds1 ,to him ^: goodness to ! poor ab\nds4 ,long %all 8 "n 9 ,briti% annals %9e1 ,& grateful ages (f] at 8 %r9e6 ,by ?is our trade are ?\s&s daily f$1 ,by x suppli$ ) means to e>n _! bread4 ,9 v>i\s =ms our trade its "w imp>ts1 ,9 diff]5t me?ods1 & by diff]5t arts3 ,pres]ves f />v+ indig5ts di/ress'd1 ,z ,comb]s1 ,sp9n]s1 ,weav]s1 & ! re/4 ,we boa/ no gems1 or co/ly g>m5ts va91 ,borr['d f ,india or ! coa/ ( ,spa92 ,our native soil ) wool our trade supplies1 ,:ile =eign c\ntries envy u ! prize4 ,no =eign broil our common good annoys1 ,our c\ntry's product all our art employs2 ,our fleecy flocks ab\nd 9 e vale1 ,our bleat+ lambs proclaim ! joyful tale4 ,s let n ,spa9 ) u attempt to vie1 ,nor ,india's weal? pret5d to so> s high2 ,nor ,jason pride him 9 8 ,col*ian spoil1 ,by h>d%ips ga9'd1 & ent]pris+ toil2 ,s9ce ,britons all ) ease atta9 ! prize1 ,& e hill res\nds ) gold5 cries1 ,to celebrate our f\nd]'s great r5[n4 ,our %eph]d & our %eph]dess we cr[n4 ,= ,engl&'s comm]ce & = ,george's sway ,ea* loyal subject give a l\d ,huzza4 ,huzza6 ,e ,day ,book1 vol4 i4 p4 #bji4 ,see also ,nor?ampton%ire ,words & ,phrases1 ii4 p4 #daf4 ,m9%51 9 8 ,ductor 9 ,l+uas1 7#afag1 p4 #bcf71 "u ! ^w ,hock-tide speaks ( ,s4 ,blase 8 day1 ab\t ,c&lemas1 :5 c\ntrywom5 goe ab\t & make good *e]e2 & if !y f9de any ( _! neighb\r wom5 a sp9n+ t day1 !y burne & make a blaze ( fire ( ! di/affe1 & !re( call$ ,s4 ,blaze 8 day4 ,dr4 ,p]cy1 9 8 ,notes to ! ,nor?umb]l& ,h\sehold ,book 7#ahbe1 pp4 #ccc-dce71 tells u t ! anniv]s>y ( ,/4 ,blasius is ! #crd ( ,febru>y1 :5 x is cu/om>y 9 _m p>ts ( ,engl& to light fires on ! hills on ,/4 ,blayse night3 a cu/om anci5tly tak5 up1 p]haps1 = no bett] reason ?an ! j+l+ resemblance ( 8 "n to ! ^w 8blaze40 ,c&les (f]$ to ,/4 ,blaze4--,9 hon\r ( ,/4 ,blaze !re =m]ly 7 (f]$ to him c&les1 :i* aft] receiv+ b5$iction 7 consid]$ holy1 & became highly s]viceable to all pi\s uses4 ,clavis ,cal5d>ia1 ,brady1 #ahab4 vol4 i4 p4 #bii4 ,beauties ( ,engl& & ,wales1 ,brayley & ,britton1 #ahji1 vol4 ii4 p4 #dah4 ,,%rove ,,tuesday4 ,%rove ,tuesday d]ives its di/9ctive epi!t 9 ,engli%1 f ! cu/om ( ! p 9 apply+ to ! prie/ to %rive !m1 or he> _! confessions1 be=e ent]+ on ! great fa/ ( ,l5t ! foll[+ day4 ,its ,lat9 & ,cont95tal names h all a ref]5ce to ! la/ "t ( eat+ fle%4 ,aft] ! p _h made ! confession requir$ by ! anci5t discipl9e ( ! ,*ur*1 !y 7 p]mitt$ to indulge 9 fe/ive amusem5ts1 ?\gh re/rict$ f p>tak+ ( any repa/s beyond ! usual sub/itutes = fle%2 h5ce ! "n c>naval1 etymologically signify+1 ,fle%1 f>e !e well4 ,f ?is cause orig9at$ ! cu/om ( eat+ pancakes at ,%rovetide1 :i* began on ! ,sunday be=e ! fir/ 9 ,l5t4--,m$4 vi ,kal5d4 vol4 i4 p4 #aeh4 ,t none1 h[ev]1 might plead =getfulness ( ! c]emony ( confess+ & be+ %riv51 ! great bell 0 rung at an e>ly h\r 9 e p>i%1 & 9 aft] times ?is r++ 0 /ill kept up 9 "s places1 ?\gh ! cause ( x ceas$ ) ! introduction ( ,prote/antism2 x !n got ! "n ( ! ,pancake ,bell4 ,taylor1 ! wat] poet 79 8 ,jacke-a-,l5t ,workes1 #afcj1 vol4 i4 p4 #aae71 gives ! foll[+ curi\s acc\nt z to ! way 9 :i* ,%rove ,tuesday 0 celebrat$ 9 old5 times3 8,always be=e ,l5t !re comes waddl+ a fat1 grosse groome1 call$ ,%rove ,tuesday1 "o ^: mann]s %[ he is bett] f$ ?an taught1 & inde$ he is ! only mon/] = fe$+ among/ all ! dayes ( ! ye]e1 = he dev\res m fle% 9 f\rte5e h\res ?an ?is old k+dom do? 7or at lea/ %\ld doe7 9 sixe weekes aft]4 ,su* boyl+ & broyl+1 su* roa/+ & toa/+1 su* /ew+ & brew+1 su* bak+1 fry+1 m9c+1 cutt+1 c>v+1 dev\r+1 & gorbelli$ gurmondiz+1 t a man w\ld ?9ke p did take 9 two mon?s' provision at once4 ,moreov] x is a goodly sight to see h[ ! cookes 9 great m5's kit*9s doe frye 9 _! ma/]'s suet1 t if ev] a cooke be wor? ! eat+1 x is :5 ,%rove ,tuesday is 9 t[ne1 = he is s /u$ & l>d$1 ba/$1 & almo/ ov]-roa/$1 t a man may eate e bit ( him & nev] take a surfet4 ,9 a ^w1 !y are t day extreme *ol]ike1 & too hot = any man to m$dle )1 be+ mon>*s ( ! m>r[-bones1 m>quesses ( ! mutton1 lords high reg5ts ( ! spit & kettle1 b>ons ( ! gridiron & sole comm&]s ( ! fry+-pan4 ,& all ?is hurly burly is = no o!r purpose ?an to /op ! m\? ( ! l&-:eale1 ,%rove-,tuesday1 at ^: entrance 9 ! morn+ all ! :ole k+dome is 9 quiet1 b by ! "t ! clocke /rikes elev5--:i* by ! help ( a knavi% sexton is commonly be=e n9e1--!n !re is a bell rung call$ ! ,pancake-,bell1 ! s\nd :]e( makes ?\s&s ( p di/ract$ & =getful ei!r ( mann] or humanitie4 ,!n !re is a ?+ cal'd :eat'n fl[re1 :i* ! sulphory1 necromanticke cookes doe m+le ) wat]1 eggs1 spice1 & o!r tragicall1 magicall in*antm5ts1 & !n !y put x little by little into a fry+-pan ( boyl+ suet1 :]e x makes a confus$ dismal hiss+--l ! ,l]nean snakes 9 ! re$s ( ,a*]on1 ,/ix1 or ,phlegeton--until at la/ by ! skill ( ! cooke x is trans=m$ into ! =me ( a flap-jack1 :i* 9 our translation is call'd a pancake1 :i* om9\s incantation ! ignorant p doe dev\re v gre$ily--hav+ = ! mo/ "p well d9$ be=e--b !y h no soon] swall[$ t sweet c&i$ baite1 b /raight _! wits =sake !m1 & !y runne />ke mad1 assembl+ 9 r\ts & ?rongs numb]lesse ( ungov]nable numb]s1 ) uncivill civil commotions4 8,!n ,tim ,tatt]s--a mo/ valiant villa9e--) an ensign made ( a piece ( a bak]'s mauk9 fix$ ^u a broom/affe1 he displaies 8 dreadful col\rs1 & call+ ! ragg$ regim5t toge!r1 makes an illit]ate oration1 /uft ) mo/ pl5tiful want ( discretion1 ! conclusion :]e( is t some:at !y w doe1 b :at !y "k n2 until at la/ comes m>*+ up ano!r tr\pe ( tatt]demalions1 proclaym+ w>s aga9/ no matt] :o1 s !y may be do+4 ,!n ^! y\?s arm'd ) cudgels1 /ones1 hamm]s1 rules1 tr[els1 & h&sawse1 put play-h\ses to ! sacke1 & 99 99 99 to ! spoyle1 9 ! qu>rel break+ a ?\s& qu>rels--( glasse1 ,i mean--mak+ ambiti\s brickbats breake _! neckes1 tumbl+ f ! tops ( l(ty *imnies1 t]ribly untyl+ h\ses1 ripp+ up ! b[els ( fea!r b$s1 to ! inri*+ ( uphol/]s1 ! pr(it ( plai/]]s & dirt-dawb]s1 ! ga9e ( glasi]s1 joyn]s1 c>p5t]s1 tyl]s & bricklay]s2 &1 :at is worse1 to ! contempt ( ju/ice2 = :at avails x = a con/able ) an army ( rev]5d ru/y bill-m5 to comm& peace to ^! bea/es8 = !y ) _! pockets1 in/ead ( pi/ols1 well *>g$ ) /one-%ot1 dis*>ge aga9/ ! image ( au?ority :ole volleys z ?icke z hayle1 :i* robu/i\s repulse puts ! bett] sort to ! wor/ "p1 mak+ ! b& ( unsc[]$ halb]di]s retyre fa/] ?an ev] !y come on1 & %[ exce$+ discretion 9 prov+ tall m5 ( _! heels4 ,s mu* = ,%rove ,tuesday1 ,jacke-a-,l5t's g5tleman u%]2 ^! h be5 8 hum\rs 9 =m] times1 b ,i h "s bett] hope ( re=mation 9 him h]eaft]1 & inde$ ,i wrote ?is be=e 8 com+ ?is ye]e1 #afag1 n kn[+ h[ hee w\ld behave himselfe2 b tott]+ betwixt despaire & hope ,i leave him40 ,9 connection ) ! cu/om ( eat+ pancakes on ?is day1 ,fosbroke 9 8 ,encyclopdia ( ,antiquities 7vol4 ii4 p4 #egb7 says t 8,pancakes1 ! ,norman ,crispell1 are tak5 f ! ,=nacalia1 on ,feb4 #ah?1 9 memory ( ! practice 9 use be=e ! goddess ,=nax inv5t$ ov5s40 ,! ,saxons call$ ,febru>y 8,solmona?10 :i* ,dr4 ,f4 ,say]s1 9 8 ,disquisitions1 says is expla9$ by ,b$e's 8,m5sis ,plac5t>um10 & r5d]$ by ,spelman1 9 an in$it$ ,,ms41 8,pancake mon?10 because 9 ! c\rse ( x cakes 7 (f]$ by ! ,pagan ,saxons to ! ,sun4 ,our mo/ usual "n ( ?is ,tuesday1 says ,hampson 7,m$4 vi ,kal5d4 vol4 i4 p4 #aeh71 is orig9ally ,sw$i%3 pankaka1 an omelette2 b1 x has be5 absurdly d]iv$ f ! ,greek & 1 all bad1 9 ref]5ce to ! p5it5ts at confession4 ,at "o "t ,%rove ,tuesday 0 ! great holiday ( ! appr5tices4 ,:y x %\ld h be5 s1 says ,hone 7,e ,day ,book1 #ahbf1 vol4 i4 p4 #beh71 is easy to imag9e1 on recollect+ ! sports t boys 7 all[$ on t day at s*ool4 ,! indulg5ces ( ! anci5t city appr5tices 7 great1 & _! lic5ti\s di/urbances /& record$ 9 ! annals ( _m a fray4 ,! old plays make u aw>e ( a lic5ce :i* !y took on ,%rove ,tuesday to assail h\ses ( dubi\s repute1 & c>t ! un=tunate inmates ?r\gh ! city4--,book ( ,days1 vol4 i4 p4 #bci2 ,see ,dekk]'s ,sev5 ,deadly ,s9nes1 #afjf1 p4 #ce4 ,cock-,fight+4--,cock-fight+ 0 a v g5]al amusem5t up to ! end ( ! la/ c5tury4 ,x ent]$ into ! occupations ( ! old & "y4 ,s*ools _h _! cockfights4 ,travell]s agre$ ) coa*m5 t !y 7 to wait a night if !re 0 a cock-fight 9 any t[n ?r\gh :i* !y pass$4 ,a battle betwe5 two cocks _h five gu9eas /ak$ ^u x4 ,fifty gu9eas1 ab\t ! ye> #agfj1 dep5d$ ^u ! ma9 or odd battle4 ,?is made ! decision ( a 8long-ma90 at cock-fight+ an important matt]4 ,! *ur* bells at times ann\nc$ ! w9n+ ( a 8long-ma940 ,mat*es 7 sometimes s arrang$ z to la/ ! week4 ,:5 c\ntry g5tlem5 _h sat long at table1 & ! conv]sation _h turn$ ^u ! relative m]its ( _! sev]al birds1 a cock-fight (t5 result$1 z ! birds 9 "q 7 br\ght = ! purpose into ! d9+-room4--,rob]ts1 ,social ,hi/ory ( ,s4 ,c\nties ( ,engl&1 #ahef1 p4 #dba4 ,=m]ly cock-fight+ 0 practis$ on ,%rove ,tuesday to a v great ext5t2 & 9 ! "t ( ,k+ ,h5ry ,,vii4 ?is div]sion seems to h be5 practis$ )9 ! prec9cts ( ! c\rt4 ,9 a royal h\sehold acc\nt1 occurs ! foll[+3--8,m>* #b1 #g ,h54 ,,vii4 ,item1 to ,ma/] ,bray = rew>ds to !m t br\ght ,cokkes at ,%rovetide1 at ,we/mr4 xxs40 ,! e>lie/ m5tion ( cock-fight+ 9 ,engl& is by ,fitz,stephens1 :o di$ 9 #aaia4 ,he m5tions x z "o ( ! amusem5ts ( ! ,london]s1 toge!r ) ! game ( foot-ball4 ,he says2 8,ye>ly at ,%rove-tide ! boys ( e s*ool br+ fight+-cocks to _! ma/]s1 & all ! =5oon is sp5t at s*ool1 to see ^! cocks fight toge!r4 ,aft] d9n] all ! y\? ( ! city goe? to play at ! ball 9 ! fields2 ! s*ol>s ( e /udy h _! balls2 ! practis]s also ( ! trades h ev]yone _! ball 9 _! h&s4 ,! anci5t] sort1 ! fa!rs1 & ! weal?y citiz5s1 come on horseback to see ^! y\ng/]s cont5d+ at _! sport1 ) :om1 9 a mann]1 !y p>ticipate by motion2 /irr+ _! own natural heat 9 ! view ( ! active y\?1 ) ^: mir? & lib]ty !y seem to communicate40 ,cock-fight+ is n[ happily by law a misdemean\r1 & puni%able by p5alty4 ,?r[+ at ,cocks4--,9 days n v long gone by1 ! inhuman sport ( ?r[+ at cocks 0 practis$ at ,%rovetide1 & n[h]e 0 x m c]ta9 to be se5 ?an at ! gramm>-s*ools4 ,! poor animal 0 ti$ to a /ake by a %ort cord1 & ! un?9k+ m5 & boys :o 7 to ?r[ at x took _! /ation at ! di/ance ( ab\t tw5ty y>ds4 ,:]e ! cock belong$ to "s "o dispos$ to make x a matt] ( bus9ess1 twop5ce 0 paid = ?ree %ies at x1 ! missile us$ be+ a broom/ick4 ,! sport 0 cont9u$ till ! poor creature 0 kill$ outright by ! bl[s4 ,su* outrage & tumult att5d$ ?is inhuman sport a c5tury ago t x 0 sometimes dang]\s to be ne> ! place :]e x 0 practis$4--,book ( ,days1 #ahfc1 vol4 i4 p4 #bch4 ,! foll[+ extract is tak5 f ! ,daily ,london ,adv]tis]1 ,w$nesday1 ,m>* #g?1 #agei3--,ye/]day1 be+ ,%rove ,tuesday1 ! ord]s ( ! ju/ices 9 ! ,city & ,lib]ty ( ,we/m9/] 7 s well obs]v$ t few cocks 7 se5 to be ?r[n at1 s t x is hop$ ?is b>b>\s cu/om w be left (f4 ,9 ,m5-,miracles 7by ,m4 ,lluell91 /ud5t ( ,*ri/ ,*ur*1 ,oxon1 #afgi1 p4 #dh71 quot$ by ,br&1 ,pop4 ,antiq41 #ahdi1 vol4 i4 p4 #gh1 is ! foll[+ ironical song on cock-?r[+3 8,cocke a doodle doe1 'tis ! brave/ game1 ,take a cock f 8 dame1 ,& b9d him to a /ake3 ,h[ he /ruts1 h[ he ?r[es1 ,h[ he /agg]s1 h[ he cr[es1 ,z if ! day newly brake4 8,h[ 8 mi/ress cackles1 ,?us to f9d him 9 %ackles4 ,& ti$ to a packe-?read g>t]4 ,oh1 ! be>es & ! bulls ,are b corpul5t gulls ,to ! valiant ,%rove-tide m>tyr40 ,%y+ at ,lead5 ,cocks4--,?is 0 probably 9 imitation ( ! b>b>\s cu/om already describ$ ( 8%y+0 or ?r[+ at ! liv+ animal4 ,! 8cock0 0 a repres5tation ( a bird or bea/1 a man1 a horse1 or "s device1 ) a /& project+ on all sides1 b pr9cipally beh9d ! figure4 ,^! 7 made ( lead ca/ 9 m\lds4 ,!y 7 %y$ at ) dumps f a small di/ance agre$ ^u by ! p>ties1 g5]ally regulat$ by ! size or weight ( ! dump1 & ! value ( ! cock4 ,if ! ?r[] ov]set or knock$ d[n ! cock1 he won x2 if he fail$1 he lo/ 8 dump4 ,%y = ,%y4--,?is 0 play$ at by two boys1 ea* hav+ a cock plac$ at a c]ta9 di/ance1 g5]ally at ab\t f\r or five feet asund]1 ! play]s /&+ beh9d _! cocks1 & ?r[+ alt]nately2 a bit ( /one or wood 0 g5]ally us$ to ?r[ )2 ! cock 0 won by him :o knock$ x d[n4 ,corks & dumps 7 expos$ = sale on ! but*]s' %ambles on a small bo>d & 7 ! p]quisites ( ! appr5tices :o made !m2 & _m a pewt] plate1 & _m an ale-h\se pot1 7 melt$ at ?is season = %y+ at cocks1 :i* 0 z soon z fires 7 light$ 9 ! autumn4 ,^! games1 & all o!rs among ! boys ( ,london1 _h _! p>ticul> times or seasons2 & :5 any game 0 out1 z x 0 t]m$1 x 0 lawful to /eal ! ?+ play$ )2 ?is 0 call$ smugg+1 & x 0 express$ by ! boys 9 a doggrel air4 8,tops are 91 sp9 'em ag94 ,tops are out1 smugg+ ab\t40 or1 8,tops are 91 sp9 'em ag94 ,dumps are out1 c40 ,! fair cock 0 n all[$ to h 8 /& ext5d$ beh9d m ?an 8 height & half z mu* m1 nor mu* ?ick] ?an himself1 & he 0 n to ext5d 9 wid? m ?an 8 height1 nor to project ov] ! /&2 b fraudul5t cocks 7 made ext5d+ lat]ally ov] ! side1 s z to prev5t 8 ly+ d[n sideways1 & ) a long /& beh9d2 ! body ( ! cock 0 made ?9n]1 & ! /& ?ick]1 by :i* means ! cock b5t ^u be+ /ruck1 & x 0 impossible to knock him ov]4--,e ,day ,book1 vol4 i4 p4 #bec4 ,?re%+ ! ,h5 0 a cu/om =m]ly practis$ on ?is day4 ,! foll[+ acc\nt tak5 f ,tuss] ,r$ivivus1 #agaj 7#hvo4 ,june1 p4 #ae71 is curi\s4 8,! h510 says ! writ]1 8is hung at a fell['s back1 :o also has "s horse-bells ab\t him1 ! re/ ( ! fell[s are bl9d$1 & h b\ghs 9 _! h&s1 ) :i* !y *ase ?is fell[ & 8 h5 ab\t "s l>ge c\rt or small enclosure4 ,! fell[ ) 8 h5 & bells %ift+ z well z he c1 !y foll[ ! s\nd1 & sometimes hit him & 8 h52 o!r times1 if he c get beh9d "o ( !m1 !y ?re% "o ano!r well fav\r$ly2 b ! je/ is1 ! maids are to bl9d ! fell[s1 :i* !y d ) _! aprons1 & ! cunn+ baggages w ende> _! swee!>ts ) a peep+-hole1 :il/ ! o!rs look out z %>p to h9d] x4 ,aft] ?is ! h5 is boil$ ) bacon1 & /ore ( pancakes & fritt]s are made40 ,! same writ] adds t aft] ! h5-?re%+1 8%e t is not$ = ly+ a-b$ long1 or any o!r misc>riage1 ha? ! fir/ pancake pres5t$ to h]1 :i* mo/ commonly falls to ! dogs' %>e at la/1 = no "o w own x _! due40 ,) reg>d to ! orig9 ( ?is cu/om1 x has be5 conjectur$ t z ! f[l 0 a delicacy to ! lab\r]1 x 0 !re=e giv5 to him on ,%rove ,tuesday = sport & food4--,tuss]1 9 8 ,five ,hundr$ ,po9ts ( ,good ,husb&ry 7#afbj71 has ! foll[+ l9es3 8,at ,%rovetide to %rov+1 g ?re% ! fat h51 ,if bl9dfold c kill h]1 !n give x ?y m54 ,maids1 fritt]s1 & pancakes en\gh see y make1 ,let ,slut h "o pancake1 = company sake40 ,9 "s places1 if fl[]s are to be procur$ s e>ly 9 ! season1 ! y\ng] *ildr5 c>ry a small g>l&1 = ! sake ( collect+ a few p5ce1 say+3 8,fl[]s1 fl[]s1 high d6 ,%re5y1 gre5y1 r9o6 ,%e5y gre5y1 %e5y gre5y1 ,rum tum fra60 ,br&1 ,pop4 ,antiq4 #ahdi1 vol4 i4 p4 #fh4 ,,buck+ham%ire4 ,at ,eaton1 on ,%rove ,tuesday1 z soon z ev] ! clock /rikes n9e1 all ! boys 9 ! s*ool cry 1 1 1 z l\d !y c yell1 & /amp & knock ) _! /icks2 & !n !y doe all runne out ( ! s*oole4--,aubrey ,,ms41 ,a4,d4 #afhf1 ,brit4 ,mus4 ,a ,,ms4 9 ! ,briti% ,museum already allud$ to 7,/atus ,s*ol ,eton5sis1 ,a4,d4 #aefj1 ,,ms4 ,brit4 ,mus4 ,donat4 #dhdc fol4 #dbc7 m5tions a cu/om ( ! boys ( ,eton s*ool be+ all[$ to play f eight o'clock = ! :ole day2 & ( ! cook's com+ 9 & fa/5+ a pancake to a cr[1 :i* ! "y cr[s are call+ ^u1 ne> x1 at ! s*ool door4 ,,*e%ire4 ,p5nant1 9 8 ,j\rney f ,*e/] to ,london1 tells u ( a place at ,*e/] )\t ! walls1 call$ ! ,rood-,eye1 :]e ! lu/y y\? 9 =m] days ex]cis$ !mselves 9 manly sports ( ! age3 9 ar*]y1 runn+1 leap+1 & wre/l+1 9 mock fights & gallant romantic triumphs4 ,a /&>d 0 ! prize ( emulation4 ,9 a pamphlet also1 entitl$1 ,c]tayne ,collection ( ,an*iante ,times1 conc]n+e ! ,an*iante & ,fam\s ,cittie ( ,*e/]1 publi%$ 9 ,lysons' ,magna ,britannia 7#ahaj1 vol4 ii4 p4 #ehe71 is ! foll[+3 8,t :]eas ! ,companye & ,corporation ( ,%oemak]s )9 ! cittie ( ,*e/] did ye>ely1 "t out ( memory ( man1 ^u ,tewsday1 commonly call$ ,%rove ,tuesday1 or o!rwise ,got$desse day aft]noon1 at ! ,cross ^u ! ,roode-,dee1 be=e ! ,mayor ( ! said cittie1 (f] unto ! ,company ( ,drap]s ( ! same cittie a ball ( lea!r1 call$ a foote-ball1 ( ! value ( #cs4 #d;d4 or !reab\ts3 & by reason ( ! greate /rife :i* did arise among ! y\nge p]sons ( ! same cittie 7:ile div]se p>ties 7 tak5 ) =ce & /rong h&es to br+ ! said ball to "o ( ^! ?ree h\ses1 t is to say1 to ! ,mayor's h\se1 or any "o ( ! two ,%]iffs' h\ses ( ! "t be+71 mu* h>me 0 done1 "s 9 ! great ?ronge fall+e into a trance1 "s hav+ _! bodies brus$ & cru%$2 "s _! arms1 heades1 or legges brok51 & "s o!rwise maim$1 or 9 p]ill ( life3 to avoid ! said inconv5i5ces1 & also to torne & conv]te ! said homage to a bett] use1 x 0 ?\ght good by ! ,mayor ( ! saide cittie & ! re/ ( ! ,common-,c\ncil to ex*ange ( ! said foote-ball z foll[e?3 t 9 place !re(1 !re be (f]$ by ! ,%oemak]s to ! ,drap]s1 six gleaves#aj ( silv]1 ! :i* gleaves !y appoynt$ to be rew>ds unto su* m5 z w\ld come1 & ! same day & place1 passe & ov]come on foot all o!rs3 & ! said gleaves 7 pres5tly deliv]$ accord+ to ! runn+e ( e "o2 & ?is ex*ange 0 made 9 ! "t :5 ,h5ry ,gee 0 ,mayor ( ,*e/]1#aa ,a4,d4 #aeci1 & 9 ! ?irty-fir/e ye>e ( ,k+e ,h5ry ! ,eigh?4 #aj ,an obsolete ^w = a h&-d>t4 #aa ,! foll[+ is a copy ( ! ord] = ! above-m5tion$ *ange1 extract$ f 8! ,ord]s & ,acts ( ,assembly1 ( ! ,mayor1 ,ald]m51 & ,common ,c\ncil ( ! ,city ( ,*e/]10 9 ! ,t[n ,cl]k's ,(fice3 8,jan #aj #c ,h54 viii4 ,,h5ry ,,gee1 ,,mayor40--,aft] recit+ ! anci5t use ( ar*]y & %oot+ 9 ! long b[1 = ! hon\r & def5ce ( ! realm1 & t ! same is mu* decay$1 & o!r unlawful games mu* 9 use3 8,ord]$ by ! ,mayor1 ,ald]m51 & ,common ,c\ncil1 ) ! cons5t ( ! :ole occupation ( drap]s1 sadl]s1 & %oemak]s1 t ! said occupation ( %oemak]s 7:i* always h1 "t out ( m9d1 giv5 & deliv]$ ye>ly1 on ,%rove ,tuesday 9 ! aft]noon1 unto ! drap]s1 be=e ! ,mayor at ! ,cross on ! ,roodee1 "o ball ( lea!r1 call$ a foot-ball1 ( ! value ( #cs4 #d;d41 or above1 to play at f !nce to ! common-hall ( ! said city1 & fur!r at ! pleasure ( ! evil-dispos$ p]sons2 :]e( ha? aris5 great inconv5i5ces7 %all give & deliv] ye>ly to ! said drap]s1 be=e ! ,mayor at ! said "t & place3 six silv] gleaves1 ea* ( ! value ( #bg;d4 or above1 to be dispos$ ( at ! pleasure ( ! said ,mayor & drap]s1 to him t %all w9 a foot-race be=e !m1 t or any o!r day2 & t ! sadl]s 7:o h "t out ( m9d giv51 & deliv]$ ye>ly1 at ! same "t & place1 e ma/] ( !m1 unto ! drap]s1 be=e ! ,mayor1 "o pa9t$ ball ( wood1 ) fl[]s & arms1 ^u ! po9t ( a spe>1 be+ goodly array$ ^u horseback accord+ly7 %all h5ce=? give & deliv] to ! said drap]s1 be=e ! ,mayor1 at ! same "t & place ^u horseback1 a bell ( silv]1 to ! value ( #cs4 #d;d41 to be dispos$ ( at ! discretion ( ! ,mayor & drap]s1 to him t %all get ! horse races on t day2 & t e man t ha? be5 m>ri$ 9 ! said city1 s9ce ,%rove ,tuesday1 !n la/ pa/1 %all !n & !re also deliv] to ! said drap]s be=e ! ,mayor1 an arr[ ( silv]1 to ! value ( #es4 or above1 in/ead ( su* ball ( silk & velvet1 :i* su* m>ri$ m5 ought !n to h giv5 & deliv]$ by ! anci5t cu/om ( ! said city 7us$ "t out ( m9d71 :i* silv] arr[ %all be dispos$ ( by ! ,mayor & drap]s1 = ! pref]m5t ( ! said feat & ex]cise ( %oot+ 9 ! long-b[1 = avoid+ ! said inconv5i5ces1 any use or prescription to ! contr>y not)/&+2 & also1 ! said drap]s & _! successors1 %all keep ye>ly _! recreation & dr9k+1 z !y us$ to d1 "t out ( m9d1 & t ! %oemak]s & sadl]s1 & p]sons h]eaft] to be m>ri$1 %all obs]ve ?is ord] ^u pa9 ( #ajl4 = e (f5ce1 toties quoties1 to be =feit$ to ! drap]s accord+ to anci5t cu/om40 8,alsoe1 :]eas ! ,companye & occupation ( ! ,sadl]s )9 ! ,cittie ( ,*e/] did ye>ely by cu/ome1 "t out ( memorie ( man1 ! same day1 h\r1 & place1 be=e ! ,mayor1 (f] ^u a trun*eon1 /affe or spe>e1 a c]ta9e homage to ! ,drap]s ( ! cittie ( ,*e/]1 call$ ! ,sadl]'s ball1 pr(itable = few uses or purposes1 z x 01 be+e a ball ( silk ( ! bigness ( a b[le1 0 torn$ into a silv] bell2 weigh+ ab\t two ozs41 z is suppos$1 ( silv]3 ! :i* saide silv] bell 0 ordayn$ to be ! rew>de = t horse1 :i* ) spe$y runn+e1 !n %\ld rune be=e all o!rs1 & !re pres5tly %\ld be giv5 ! daye & place4 ,?is alt]ation 0 made ! same "t1 & by ! same mayor1 l z ! ,%oemak]s' foote-ball 0 be=e ex*ang$ into six silv] gleaves4 8,also1 :]eas ( an an*ant cu/om :]e( man's memorie n[e liv+e _c rememb] ! orig9al & beg9n+e1 ! same daye1 h[] & place1 be=e ! mayor = ! "t be+e1 e p]son :i* is m>ri$ )9 ! lib]ties ( ! saide cittie1 dwell+ :]esoev] )\t1 & all ^? t dwelle )9 ! saide cittie1 = "o ye>e be=e1 & m>ye els:]e1 did (f] likewise a homage to ! said ,companye ( ,drap]s be=e ! ,mayor1 a ball ( silke1 ( ! l bignesse ( a b[le2 ! same mayor torn$ ! same balls into silv] arr[es1 ! :i* arr[es !y tooke ord] %\ld be giv5 to ^? :i* did %oote ! longe/ %oote1 ) div]s k9d ( arr[es3 ?is ex*ange 0 made z be=e is m5tion$ ( ! ,%oemak]s' foote-ball & ! ,sadl]s' ball4 ,9 :i* ex*ange !re appe>$ greate wisdom1 an*5t & sage s5ators1 :oe _h great /udye & reg>de to torne ! =esaid ?+es unto soe pr(itable uses & ex]cises2 s t !re is ?ree ( ! mo/ comm5dable ex]cises & practices ( w>-l feates1 z runn+ ( m5 on foot1 runn+e ( horses1 & %oot+e ( ! broad arr[e1 ! flighte & ! butt-%afte1 9 ! long-b[e1 are ye>ely !re us$2 :i* is done 9 a v few 7if 9 any7 citties ( ,engl&1 soe f> z ,i und]/&40 ,,cornwall4 ,x 0 cu/om>y at "o "t to tie f[ls to /akes1 & set !m z m>ks = boys to kill ) bats4--,hit*9s1 ,hi/ory ( ,cornwall1 #ahbd1 vol4 i4 p4 #gbc4 ,,cumb]l&4 ,=m]ly ! s*ol>s ( ! free s*ool ( ,bromfield1 ab\t ! beg9n+ ( ,l5t1 or1 9 ! m expressive phraseology ( ! c\ntry1 at ,fa/+'s ,ev51 us$ to b> out ! ma/]1 i4e41 to depose & exclude him f 8 s*ool1 & keep him out = ?ree days4 ,dur+ ! p]iod ( ?is expulsion1 ! doors ( ! citadel1 ! s*ool1 7 /rongly b>ricad$ )92 & ! boys1 :o def5d$ x l a besieg$ city1 7 arm$ 9 g5]al ) bore-tree or eld] pop-guns4 ,! ma/] meantime made v>i\s ef=ts1 bo? by =ce & /ratagem1 to rega9 8 lo/ au?ority4 ,if he succe$$1 heavy tasks 7 impos$1 & ! bus9ess ( ! s*ool 0 resum$ & submitt$ to1 b x m commonly happ5$ t he 0 repuls$ & defeat$4 ,aft] ?ree days' siege1 t]ms ( capitulation 7 propos$ by ! ma/]1 & accept$ by ! boys4 ,^! t]ms 7 summ$ up 9 an old =mula ( ,lat9 ,leon9e v]ses1 /ipulat+ :at h\rs & times %\ld = ! ye> ensu+ be allott$ to /udy1 & :at to relaxation & play4 ,securities 7 provid$ by ea* side = ! due p]=mance ( ^! /ipulations1 & ! pap] 0 !n solemnly sign$ by bo? ma/] & pupils4 ,"o ( ^! articles1 always /ipulat$ = & grant$1 0 ! privilege ( imm$iately celebrat+ c]ta9 games ( long /&+3 viz4 a foot-ball mat* & a cock-fight4 ,capta9s1 z !y 7 call$1 7 !n *os5 to manage & preside ov] ^! games3 "o f t "p ( ! p>i%1 :i* lay to ! we/w>d ( ! s*ool2 ! o!r f ! ea/4 ,cocks & foot-ball play]s 7 s\ght = ) great dilig5ce4 ,! p>ty ^: cocks won ! mo/ battles 0 victori\s 9 ! cock-pit2 & ! prize1 a small silv] bell1 susp5d$ to ! button ( ! victor's hat1 & worn = ?ree successive ,sundays4 ,aft] ! cock-fight 0 end$1 ! foot-ball 0 ?r[n d[n 9 ! *ur*y>d2 & ! po9t !n to be conte/$ 01 :i* p>ty c\ld c>ry x to ! h\se ( 8 respective capta91 to ,dundraw1 p]haps1 or ,we/ ,newton1 a di/ance ( two or ?ree miles1 e in* ( :i* gr\nd 0 ke5ly disput$4 ,all ! hon\r accru+ to ! conqu]or at foot-ball 0 t ( possess+ ! ball4#ab--;,hut*9son's ,hi/4 ( ,cumb]l&1 vol4 ii4 p4 #cbb4 #ab ,addison is describ$ by 8 biograph]s z hav+ be5 ! lead] ( a b>r+ out at ! ,gramm> ,s*ool ( ,li*field4 ,br&1 ,pop4 ,antiq4 7#ahdi1 vol4 i4 p4 #dda71 says1 t ! cu/om ( b>r+-out 0 practis$ 9 o!r places t[>ds ,*ri/mas "t1 e4 g41 at ! s*ool ( ,h\ghton-le-,spr+1 9 ! c\nty ( ,durham4 ,among ! /atutes ( ! gramm>-s*ool f\nd$ at ,kilk5ny1 9 ,irel&1 ,m>* #ah1 #afhd1 9 ,vallancey's ,collectanea de ,rebus ,hib]nicis1 vol4 ii4 p4 #eab1 is ! foll[+3 8,9 ! numb] ( /ubborn & refractory lads1 :o %all refuse to submit to ! ord]s & correction ( ! said s*ool1 :o are to be =?) dismiss$1 & n re-admitt$ )\t due submission to exempl>y puni%m5t1 & on ! second (f5ce to be dis*>g$ & expell$ = ev]10 are reckon$1 8su* z %all (f] to %ut out ! ma/] or u%]1 b ! ma/] %all give !m leave to break up eight days be=e ,*ri/mas1 & ?ree days be=e ,ea/] & ,:itsuntide40 ,,d]by%ire4 ,=m]ly ! inhabitants ( ,d]by _h a foot-ball mat* betwe5 ! p>i%es ( ,all ,sa9ts & ,/4 ,pet]'s2 ! conflict+ p>ties be+ /r5g!n$ by volunte]s f ! o!r p>i%es1 & f ! surr\nd+ c\ntry4 ,! bells ( ! diff]5t *ur*es rang _! m]ry peals on ! morn+1 & gave rise to ! foll[+ j+le on ! five p>i%es ( ,all ,sa9ts'1 ,/4 ,pet]'s1 ,/4 ,w]burgh's1 ,/4 ,alkmund's1 & ,/4 ,mi*ael's3 8,pancakes & fritt]s1 ,say ,all ,sa9ts' & ,/4 ,pet]'s2 ,:5 w ! ball come1 ,say ! bells ( ,/4 ,alkmum2 ,at two !y w ?r[1 ,says ,sa9t ,w]abo'2 ,o6 v well1 ,says little ,mi*el40 ,! goal ( ,all ,sa9ts' 0 ! wat]-:eel ( ! nun's mill1 & t ( ,/4 ,pet]'s1 on ! opposite side ( ! t[n1 at ! gall['s balk1 on ! ,normanton ,road2 ! ball1 :i* 0 ( a v l>ge size1 0 made ( lea!r1 & /uff$ q h>d ) %av+s1 & ab\t noon 0 ?r[n into ! m>ket-place1 f ! ,t[n ,hall1 into ! mid/ ( an assembly ( _m ?\s& p1 s closely w$g$ toge!r1 z sc>cely to admit ( locomotion4 ,! mom5t ! ball 0 ?r[n1 ! 8w> cries0 ( ! rival p>i%es began1 & ?\s&s ( arms 7 uplift$ 9 ! hope ( cat*+ x dur+ its desc5t4 ,! oppos+ p>ties endeav\r$ by e possible means1 & by ! ex]tion ( _! utmo/ /r5g?1 to c>ry ! ball 9 ! direction ( _! respective goals1 & by ?is means ! t[n 0 trav]s$ & retrav]s$ _m times 9 ! c\rse ( ! day2 inde$1 to su* an ext5t has ! conte/ be5 c>ri$1 t "s ye>s ago ! =tunate hold] ( ! ball1 hav+ made 8 way into ! riv] ,d]w5t1 0 foll[$ by ! :ole body1 :o took to ! wat] 9 ! mo/ gallant /yle1 & kept up ! *ase to ne> ! village ( ,duffield1 a di/ance ( five miles1 ! :ole c\rse be+ aga9/ ! rapid /ream1 & "o or two weirs hav+ to be pass$2 on ano!r occasion1 ! possessor ( ! ball is said to h quietly dropp$ himself into ! culv]t or sew] :i* passes "u ! t[n1 & to h be5 foll[$ by sev]al o!rs ( bo? p>ties1 &1 aft] fight+ 8 way ! :ole di/ance "u ! t[n1 to h come out victori\s at ! o!r side :]e1 a consid]able p>ty hav+ collect$1 ! conte/ 0 r5ew$ 9 ! riv]4 ,on ! conclusion ( ! day's sport ! man :o _h ! hon\r ( 8goal+0 ! ball 0 ! *ampion ( ! ye>2 ! bells ( ! victori\s p>i% ann\nc$ ! conque/1 & ! victor 0 *air$ ?r\gh ! t[n4 ,s univ]sal has be5 ! feel+ ) reg>d to ?is game1 t x is said a g5tleman f ,d]by hav+ met ) a p]son 9 ! backwoods ( ,am]ica1 :om f 8 /yle & conv]sation he suspect$ to be f ! ,midl& ,c\nties ( ,engl&1 cri$ out :5 he saw him1 8,all ,sa9ts' = ev]20 to ?is ! /rang] in/antly retort$1 8,pet]'s = ev]20 & ?is satisfi$ !m t !y 7 fell[-t[nsm54 ,a foot-ball mat* is also play$ at ,a%borne ne>ly 9 ! same mann] z at ,d]by4--,j\r4 ,ar*4 ,assoc41 #aheb1 vol4 vii4 p4 #bjc4 ,a cu/om prevail$1 too1 9 "s p>ts ( ,d]by%ire :i* gave lic5ce to ! "y m5 & boys to kiss any "y wom5 or girls :om !y *ose4 ,?is1 toge!r ) ! g5]al holiday obs]v$ 9 ! aft]noon ( t day1 & ! cu/om>y sports !n indulg$ 91 is ( c\rse a remnant ( ! m$ival c>nival4 ,,devon%ire4 ,9 ! s\?-ea/]n "p ( ,devon ! *ildr5 at ?is season ( ! ye> visit p's h\ses1 s++3 8,tippetty1 tippetty to1 ,give me a pancake & ,i'll be g40 ,n4 ,q4 #a/ ,s4 vol4 xi4 p4 #bdd4 ,at ,tavi/ock1 ! foll[+ l9es are sung by ! *ildr5 at ! h\ses ( ! pr9cipal inhabitants3 8,lancrock 787 a pancake1 ,a fritt] = my lab\r2 ,i see by ! /r+ ,! good dame's 94 ,tippy tappy1 toe1 ,nippy1 nappy1 no2 ,if y'll give some?+4 ,i'll be ago 7i4e41 gone740 ,n4 ,q4 #d? ,s4 vol4 v4 p4 #chj4 ,,dorset%ire ,,& ,,wilt%ire4 ,9 ^!1 if n 9 o!r c\nties1 a practice call$ ,l5t ,crock+ is obs]v$4 ,! boys g ab\t 9 small p>ties visit+ ! v>i\s h\ses1 head$ by a lead]1 :o goes up & knocks at ! door1 leav+ 8 foll[]s beh9d him1 arm$ ) a good /ock ( pot%]ds--! collect$ relics ( ! wa%+-pans1 jugs1 di%es1 & plates1 t h become ! victims ( concussion 9 ! h&s ( unlucky or c>eless h\sewives = ! pa/ ye>4 ,:5 ! door is op5$1 ! h]o--:o is1 p]haps1 a f>m]'s boy1 ) a pair ( black eyes sp>kl+ "u ! tatt]$ brim ( 8 br[n milk+-hat--hangs d[n 8 head1 &1 ) "o corn] ( 8 m\? turn$ up into an irrepressible smile pron\nces ! foll[+ l9es3 8,a-%rov91 a-%rov91 ,i be come a-%rov92 ,a piece ( bread1 a piece ( *eese1 ,a bit ( y\r fat bacon2 ,or a di% ( d\gh nuts1 ,all ( y\r own mak96 8,a-%rov91 a-%rov91 ,i be come a-%rov91 ,nice meat 9 a pie1 ,my m\? is v dry6 ,i wi% a wuz zoo well-a-wet1 ,i'de z+ ! l\d] = a nut6 ,*orus4--,a %rov91 a-%rov91 ,we be come a %rov960 ,sometimes he gets a bit ( bread & *eese1 & at "s h\ses he is told to be gone2 9 :i* latt] case he calls up 8 foll[]s to s5d _! missiles 9 a rattl+ broadside aga9/ ! door4--,book ( ,days1 vol4 i4 p4 #bci4 ,! late ,dr4 ,hus5be? 9 ,n4 ,q4 #d? ,s4 vol4 ix4 p4 #ace1 gives ano!r v]sion ( ! above rhyme3 8,i'm come a %rove+1 ,= a piece ( pancake1 ,or a piece ( bacon1 ,or a little truckle *eese1 ,( y\r own mak+4 ,give me "s1 or give me none1 ,or else y\r door %all h a /one40 ,,hamp%ire4 ,at ,bas+/oke1 & 9 "s o!r p>ts ( ?is c\nty1 ! boys & girls g to ! h\ses ( ! well-to-d classes 9 little companies1 &1 knock+ at ! door1 repeat ! foll[+ rhyme3 8,knick a knock ^u ! block2 ,fl\r & l>d is v de>1 ,please we come a %rov+ "h4 ,y\r pan's hot1 & my pan's cold1 7,hung] makes u %rov]s bold7 ,please to give poor %rov]s some?+ "h40 ,!y !n knock aga91 & repeat bo? knocks & v]ses until !y receive some?+4 ,! l9e 9 brackets is n said 9 ,bas+/oke & sev]al o!r places4--,n4 ,q4 #a/ ,s4 vol4 xii4 p4 #ajj4 ,,h]t=d%ire4 ,at ,baldock1 ,%rove ,tuesday is long anticipat$ by ! *ildr51 :o designate x ,d\gh-,nut-,day2 x be+ usual to make a good /ore ( small cakes fri$ 9 hog's l>d1 plac$ ov] ! fire 9 a brass skillet1 call$ d\gh-nuts1 ) :i* ! "y p are pl5tifully regal$4--,br&1 ,pop4 ,antiq41 #ahdi1 vol4 i4 p4 #hc4 ,at ,hoddesdon1 9 ! same c\nty1 ! old curfew-bell1 :i* 0 anci5tly rung 9 t t[n = ! ext9ction & relight+ ( 8all fire & c&le-light10 /ill exi/s1 & has f "t immemorial be5 regul>ly rang on ! morn+ ( ,%rove ,tuesday at f\r o'clock1 aft] :i* h\r ! inhabitants are at lib]ty to make & eat pancakes until ! bell r+s aga9 at eight o'clock at night4 ,s closely is ?is cu/om obs]v$1 t aft] t h\r n a pancake rema9s 9 ! t[n4--,e ,day ,book1 vol4 i4 p4 #bdb4 ,,hunt+don%ire4 ,=m]ly !re prevail$ 9 ?is c\nty a cu/om call$ cock-runn+1 :i*1 ?\gh n q s cruel z cock-?r[+1 0 n mu* inf]ior to x4 ,a cock 0 procur$1 & its w+s 7 cut3 ! runn]s paid s mu* a head1 & ) _! h&s ti$ beh9d !m ran aft] x1 & ! p]son :o caught x 9 8 m\?1 & c>ri$ x to a c]ta9 place or goal1 _h ! "r ( claim+ ! bird z 8 own4 ,9 ?is race !re 0 mu* excitem5t1 & n a little squabbl+1 & ! "o :o 0 lucky en\gh to secure ! bird frequ5tly _h 8 face & eyes v mu* peck$4--,"t's ,telescope1 #ahbc1 p4 #dj4 ,,k5t4 ,at ,all ,sa9ts'1 ,maid/one1 ! anci5t cu/om ( r++ a bell at mid-day on ,%rove ,tuesday is obs]v$1 & is kn[n z ! 8,fritt]-,bell40--,g5t4 ,mag4 #ahfh1 #d? ,s4 vol4 v4 p4 #gfa4 ,,lanca%ire4 ,"p ( ! income ( ! head-ma/] & u%] ( ! gramm>-s*ool at ,lanca/] arises f a gratuity call$ a cock-p5ny1 paid at ,%rovetide by ! s*ol>s1 :o are sons ( freem52 ( ?is money ! head-ma/] has sev5-twelf?s1 ! u%] five-twelf?s4 ,x is also paid at ! s*ools at ,hawk%ead & ,cli!ro1 9 ,lanca%ire2 & =m]ly 0 paid1 also at ,burnley1 & at ,:iteham & ,millom1 9 ,cumb]l&1 ne> ,bootle4--,br&1 ,pop4 ,antiq41 #ahdi1 vol4 i4 p4 #gb4 ,! toss+ ( pancakes 7& 9 "s places fritt]s7 on ?is day 0 a s\rce ( h>mless mir?1 & is /ill practis$ 9 ! rural p>ts ( ,lanca%ire & ,*e%ire1 ) its anci5t accompanim5ts3 8,x is ! day :]eon bo? ri* & poor1 ,are *iefly fea/$ on ! self-same di%2 ,:5 e paun*1 till x c hold no m1 ,is fritt] fill'd1 z well z he>t c wi%2 ,& e man & maide doe take _! turne1 ,& tosse _! pancakes up = fe>e !y burne ,& all ! kit*5 do? ) laught] s\nd1 ,to see ! pancakes fall ^u ! gr\nd40 ,pasquil's ,pal9odia4 ,h>l& & ,wilk9son1 ,lanca%ire ,folk ,lore1 #ahfg1 p4 #bah4 ,,leice/]%ire4 ,9 ! ,new>k1 says ,?rosby 7,hi/ory ( ,leice/] #agia1 p4 #cef71 on ,%rove ,tuesday is held ! annual fair1 *iefly = ! amusem5t ( ! "y4 ,=m]ly1 !re 0 practis$ 9 its full ext5t ! b>b>\s cu/om ( ?r[+ at cocks1 b n[ ! amusem5t is conf9$ to ! pur*ase ( oranges1 g+]-bread1 c41 & to a cu/om kn[n by ! "n ( 8,:ipp+-,toms20 a practice no d\bt in/itut$ by ! dwell]s 9 ! ,new>k to drive away ! rabble1 aft] a c]ta9 h\r1 f ! fair4 ,two1 ?ree1 or m m51 arm$ ) c>t-:ips1 & ) a h&k]*ief ti$ ov] "o eye1 are let loose ^u ! p to flog !m1 :o are g5]ally gu>d$ ) boots on _! legs & /icks 9 _! h&s4 ,^! :ip-m51 call$ 8,:ipp+-,toms10 are prec$$ by a bell-man1 ^: %ake ( 8 h&-bell gives a tok5 or au?ority = ! :ipp+ ! legs ( ^? :o d>e to rema9 9 ! ,new>k4 ,_m arts & devices are practis$ by ! ,:ipp+-,toms to take ! p by surprise2 b qu>rels sometimes ensue4 ,at ,claybrook1 9 ! same c\nty1 a bell r+s at noon1 :i* is meant z a signal = p to comm5ce fry+ _! pancakes4--,macaulay1 ,hi/ory ( ,claybrook1 #agia4 ,,isle ,,( ,,man4 ,on ?is occasion x 0 =m]ly cu/om>y = ! ,manks to h ,sollaghyn or ,cr[dy = d9n]1 in/ead ( = breakfa/1 z at o!r times2 & = supp]1 fle% meat1 ) a l>ge pudd+ & pancakes2 h5ce ! ,manks prov]b3 8,ee %ibb] oie innid vees olty volg lane1 ,my jig laa cai%t yon traa/e son %540 8,on ,%rove ,tuesday night1 ?\gh ?y supp] be fat1 ,be=e ,ea/] ,day ?\ may'/ fa/ = t40 ,tra91 ,hi/ory ( ! ,isle ( ,man1 #ahde1 vol4 ii4 p4 #aag4 ,,middlesex4 ,at ,we/m9/] ,s*ool1 ,london1 ! foll[+ is obs]v$ to ?is day4 ,at #aa o'clock ,a4,m4 a v]g] ( ! ,abbey1 9 8 g[n1 be>+ a silv] bton1 em]ges f ! college kit*51 foll[$ by ! cook ( ! s*ool1 9 8 :ite apron1 jacket1 & cap1 & c>ry+ a pancake4 ,on arriv+ at ! s*ool-room door1 he ann\nces himself1 #8,! ,cook2' & hav+ ent]$ ! s*ool-room1 he advances to ! b> :i* sep>ates ! upp] s*ool f ! l[] "o1 twirls ! pancake 9 ! pan1 & !n tosses x ov] ! b> into ! upp] s*ool1 among a cr[d ( boys1 :o scramble = ! pancake2 & he :o gets x unbrok51 & c>ries x to ! dean]y1 dem&s ! honor>ium ( a gu9ea 7sometimes two gu9eas7 f ! ,abbey funds1 ?\gh ! cu/om is n m5tion$ 9 ! ,abbey ,/atutes3 ! cook also receives two gu9eas = 8 p]=mance4--,book ( ,days1 vol4 i4 p4 #bcg4 ,,norfolk4 ,x is cu/om>y at ,norwi* to eat a small bun call$ cocque'els--cook-eels--coquilles 7! "n be+ spelt indiff]5tly71 :i* is cont9u$ ?r\gh\t ! season ( ,l5t4 ,=by1 9 8 ,vocabul>y ( ,ea/ ,anglia1 calls ?is production 8a sort ( cross-bun10 b no cross is plac$ ^u x1 ?\gh its composition is n dissimil>4 ,he d]ives ! ^w f coquille 9 allusion to _! be+ fa%ion$ l an escallop1 9 :i* s5se he is borne out by ,cotgrave1 :o has 8pa9 coquill1 a fa%ion ( an h>d-cru/$ loafe1 some:at l our /illy>d bunne40 ,a correspond5t ( ,notes & ,qu]ies says t he has always tak5 ! ^w to be 8coqu]ells10 f ! v5d+ ( su* buns at ! b>b>\s sport ( 8?r[+ at ! cock0 7:i* is /ill call$ a cock]ell 9 ,e4 ,anglia7 on ,%rove ,tuesday4--,n4 ,q4 #a/ ,s4 vol4 i4 pp4 #bic & #dab4 ,=m]ly !re us$ to be held at ,norwi* on ,%rove ,tuesday a mo/ curi\s fe/ivity1 to :i* ,blomefield 9 8 ,hi/ory ( ,norfolk 7#ahjf1 vol4 iii4 p4 #aee7 incid5tally alludes4 ,9 #addb1 he says1 !re 0 a great insurrection at ,norwi*1 = :i* ! citiz5s 7 indict$1 :o among o!r ?+s plead$ 9 _! excuse3 8,t ,john ,gladman1 ( ,norwi*1 :o ev] 01 & at ?ys our is1 a man ( sad disposition1 & trewe & fey?full to ,god & to ! ,kyng1 ( disporte1 z ha? be5 acu/om$ 9 ony cite or burgh ?or[e alle ?is reame1 on ,tuesday 9 ! la/ ende ( ,cre/emesse1 viz4 ,fa/yngonge ,tuesday1 made a disport ) 8 neighb\rs1 havyng 8 hors trappyd ) tynnsoyle1 & o!r nyse disgisy ?+s1 cor\n$ z ,kyng ( ,cre/emesse1 9 tokyn t seson %\ld ende ) ! twelve mone!s ( ! y]e3 a=n hym w5t y*e mone?1 disguys$ aft] ! seson requiryd1 & ,l5ton clad 9 :yte & r$ h]yngs sk9ns1 & 8 hors trappyd ) oy/yr-%ells aft] him1 9 tok5 t sadnesse %\ld fol[e1 & an holy tyme2 & s rode 9 div]se /retis ( ! cite1 ) o!r p ) hym disguyssd1 & makyng myr?1 disportes1 & plays40 ,,nor?ampton%ire4 ,9 _m p>ts ( ?is c\nty ! *ur* bell is rung ab\t noon1 z ! signal = prep>+ pancakes4 ,at ,dav5try ! bell :i* is rung on ?is occasion is muffl$ on "o side ) lea!r1 or buff$1 z x is t]m$1 & obta9s ! "n ( ,pan-burn-bell4 ,j+l+ rhymes 9 connection ) ?is day are repeat$ by ! peasantry1 v>y+ 9 diff]5t di/ricts4 ,! foll[+ are ! mo/ curr5t3 8,pancakes & fritt]s1 ,says ! bells ( ,/4 ,pet]'s4 ,:]e mu/ we fry 'em8 ,says ! bells ( ,cold ,higham4 ,9 yond] l& ?urr[ furr[1 ,says ! bells ( ,well+bor\gh4 ,y owe me a %ill+1 ,says ! bells ( ,great ,bill+4 ,:5 w y pay me8 ,says ! bells at ,middleton ,*5ey4 ,:5 ,i am able1 ,says ! bells at ,dun/able4 ,t w nev] be1 ,says ! bells at ,cov5try4 ,oh1 yes x w1 ,says ,nor?ampton ,great ,bell4 ,:ite bread & sop1 ,says ! bells at ,k+/hrop4 ,trundle a lant]n1 ,says ! bells at ,nor?ampton40 ,t ! bells ( ! *ur*es ( ,nor?ampton us$ also to be rung on ?is day may be inf]r$ f ! foll[+ simil> dogg]el3 8,roa/ beef & m>%-mall[s1 ,says ! bells ( ,all ,hall['s1 ,pancakes & fritt]s4 ,says ! bells ( ,/4 ,pet]'s4 ,roa/ beef & boil'd1 ,says ! bells ( ,/4 ,giles'4 ,pok] & tongs1 ,says ! bells ( ,/4 ,john's4#ac ,%ovel1 tongs1 & pok]1 ,says ! bells ( ,/4 ,pul*re's4#ad0 ,bak]1 ,nor?ampton%ire ,words & ,phrases1 vol4 ii4 p4 #ib4 #ac ,/4 ,john's ,hospital4 #ad ,! *ur* ( ,/4 ,sepul*re is (t5 call$ 8,pul*re's0 9 ,nor?ampton4 ,at ,e>ls ,b>ton ! cu/om ( mak+ 8leek pa/ies0 is obs]v$4 ,a p>ty ( %oemak]s1 aft] procur+ a *aff-cutt] & a quantity ( leeks1 proce$ to ! gre51 :]e !y publicly *op ! vegetable to ! amusem5t ( ! spectators4--,see ,g5t4 ,mag41 #ahfg1 #d? ,s4 vol4 iv4 p4 #bai4 ,,nor?umb]l&4 ,=m]ly at ,alnwick ! waits belong+ to ! t[n us$ to come play+ to ! ,ca/le e ye> on ,%rove ,tuesday at two o'clock ,p4,m41 :5 a foot-ball 0 ?r[n ov] ! ,ca/le walls to ! populace4--,br&1 ,pop4 ,antiq41 #ahdi1 vol i4 p4 #ib4 ,,nott+ham%ire4 ,at ,aspley ,old ,hall1 9 days gone by1 butt] & l>d1 fire & fry+-pans 7 provid$ = all ! poor families ( ,wolla/on1 ,tr[ell1 & ,cossall1 :o *ose to come & eat _! pancakes at ?is mansion4 ,! only conditions atta*$ to ! fea/ 71 t no qu>rell+ %\ld take place1 & t ea* wife & "m %\ld fry = h] own family1 & t :5 ! cake ne$$ turn+ 9 ! pan1 ! act %\ld be p]=m$ by toss+ x 9 ! air & cat*+ x aga9 9 ! pan ) ! uncook$ side d[nw>ds4 ,& _m 7 ! ro>s ( laught] :i* took place among ! m]ry gr\ps 9 ! kit*51 at ! mi%aps :i* occurr$ 9 ! p]=mance ( ?is fea/1 9 :i* 8 ,hon\r & ,madam jo9$4 ,9 addition to ! pancakes1 ea* man 0 all[$ a qu>t ( good ale1 wom5 a p9t1 & *ildr5 a gill4--,sutton1 ,nott+ham ,date ,book1 #aheb1 p4 #ge4 ,!re is a curi\s tradition exi/+ 9 ,mansfield1 ,woodh\se1 ,bulwell1 & sev]al o!r villages ne> ,%]wood ,=e/1 z to ! orig9 ( pancakes on ,%rove ,tuesday4 ,! inhabitants ( any ( ! villages w in=m ! que/ion] t :5 ! ,danes got to ,l9by all ! ,saxon m5 ( ! neighb\r+ villages ran (f into ! =e/1 & ! ,danes took ! ,saxon wom5 to keep h\se = !m4 ,?is happ5$ j be=e ,l5t1 & ! ,saxon wom51 enc\rag$ by _! fugitive lords1 resolv$ to massacre _! ,dani% ma/]s on ,a% ,w$nesday4 ,e woman :o agre$ to d ?is 0 to bake pancakes = ?is meal on ,%rove ,tuesday z a k9d ( pl$ge to fulfil h] v[4 ,?is 0 done1 & t ! massacre ( ! ,danes did take place on ,a% ,w$nesday is a well-kn[n hi/orical fact4--,n4 ,q4 #bnd ,s4 vol4 vii4 p4 #dej4 ,,ox=d%ire4 ,9 ?is c\nty *ildr5 g ab\t s++ ! foll[+ rhyme1 begg+ at ! same "t = half-p5ce3 8,knick1 knock1 ! pan's hot1 ,& we be come a %rov+3 ,a bit ( bread1 a bit ( *eese1 ,a bit ( b>ley dompl+1 ,t's bett] ?an no?+4 ,op5 ! door & let u 91 ,= we be come a pancak+40 ,at ,islip 9 ! same c\nty ?is v]sion is us$3 8,pit a pat2 ! pan is hot1 ,we are come a %rov+2 ,a little bit ( bread & *eese ,is bett] ?an no?+4 ,! pan is hot1 ! pan is cold2 ,is ! fat 9 ! pan n9e days old80 ,br&1 ,pop4 ,antiq41 #ahdi1 vol4 i4 p4 #hh4 ,,isl&s ,,( ,,scilly4 ,! boys celebrate ! ev5+ ( ?is day by ?r[+ /ones aga9/ ! doors ( ! dwell]s' h\ses3 a privilege :i* !y claim f "t immemorial4 ,! t]ms dem&$ by !m are pancakes or money to capitulate4 ,"s ( ! old] sort1 exce$+ ! b\nds ( ?is :imsical practice1 9 ! dusk ( ! ev5+1 set a bolt$ door or w9d[-%utt] at lib]ty1 by batt]+ 9 a brea* ) l>ge pieces ( rock /ones1 :i* sometimes causes "w = ! surgeon1 z well z = ! smi?1 glazi]1 & c>p5t]4 ,! way ( mak+ reprisal1 9 su* cases1 is by a rope drawn across ! road ( ! mis*iev\s1 by means ( :i* _! flight is sudd5ly int]rupt$1 & !mselves ignom9i\sly hurl$ to ! gr\nd ) ! loss ( _! artill]y4--,hea?1 ,acc\nt ( ,isl&s ( ,scilly1 #agej1 p4 #abg4 ,,%rop%ire4 ,9 ,! ,hi/ory & ,antiquities ( ,ludl[1 #ahbb 7pp4 #ahh-ahi71 occurs ! foll[+ acc\nt ( a cu/om =m]ly obs]v$ on ?is day3 8,! corporation provide a rope1 ?ree in*es 9 ?ickness1 & 9 l5g? ?irty-six y>ds1 :i* is giv5 out at "o ( ! w9d[s ( ! ,m>ket-,h\se z ! clock /rikes f\r1 :5 a l>ge body ( ! inhabitants divid$ into two p>ties--"o cont5d+ = ,ca/le ,/reet & ,broad ,/reet w>ds1 & ! o!r = ,old ,/reet & ,corve ,/reet w>ds--comm5ce an ardu\s /ruggle1 & z soon z ei!r p>ty ga9s ! victory by pull+ ! rope beyond ! prescrib$ limits1 ! pull+ ceases1 :i* is1 h[ev]1 r5ew$ by a second1 & sometimes by a ?ird conte/2 ! rope be+ pur*as$ by subscription f ! victori\s p>ty1 & giv5 out aga94 ,)\t d\bt ?is s+ul> cu/om is symbolical ( "s rem>kable ev5t1 & a remnant ( t anci5t language ( visible signs1 :i*1 says a celebrat$ writ]1 8imp]fectly supplies ! want ( lett]s1 to p]petuate ! remembrance ( public or private transactions40 ,! sign1 9 ?is in/ance1 has surviv$ ! remembrance ( ! occurr5ce x 0 design$ to repres5t1 & rema9s a pr(\nd my/]y4 ,x has be5 ins9uat$ t ! real occasion ( ?is cu/om is kn[n to ! corporation1 b t = "s reason or o!r1 !y are t5aci\s ( ! secret4 ,an obscure tradition attributes ?is cu/om to circum/ances aris+ out ( ! siege ( ,ludl[ by ,h5ry ,,vi41 :5 two p>ties arose )9 ! t[n1 "o support+ ! pret5sions ( ! ,duke ( ,york1 & ! o!r wi%+ to give admittance to ! k+2 "o ( ! bailiffs is said to h head$ ! latt] p>ty4 ,hi/ory relates t1 9 ?is conte/1 _m lives 7 lo/1 & t ! bailiff1 head+ 8 p>ty 9 an attempt to op5 ,d9ham ,gate1 fell a victim !re40 ,,som]set%ire4 ,an odd practice seems to prevail 9 "s p>ts ( ,som]set%ire1 & also 9 ,devon%ire & ,dorset%ire on ,%rove ,tuesday1 :i* is locally nick-nam$ ,%>p ,tuesday4 ,! y\ng/]s g ab\t aft] dusk1 & ?r[ /ones aga9/ p's doors1 by :at is consid]$ by !m an indefeasible "r4 ,!y at ! same "t s+ 9 *orus3 8,i be come a %rov9 ,vor a little pankiak2 ,a bit o' bread o' y\r baik91 ,or a little truckle *eese o' y\r maik91 ,if y'll gi' me a little1 ,i'll ax no m1 ,if y don't gi' me no?91 ,i'll rottle y\r door40 ,br&1 ,pop4 ,antiq4 7,ed4 ,hazlitt71 #ahgj1 vol4 i4 p4 #dh4 ,,/af=d%ire4 ,9 ?is c\nty ,%rove ,tuesday goes by ! "n ( ,goodi% ,tuesday4--,n4 ,q4 #bnd ,s4 vol4 v4 p4 #bji4 ,,suffolk4 ,at ,bury ,/4 ,edmund's on ,%rove ,tuesday1 ,ea/] ,monday1 & ! ,:itsuntide fe/ivals1 twelve old wom5 side (f = a game at trap-&-ball1 :i* is kept up ) ! greate/ _s & vig\r until sunset4 ,aft]w>ds !y retire to _! homes1 :]e 8,voice1 fiddle1 or flute1 ,no long] is mute10 & close ! day ) apportion$ mir? & m]rim5t4--,e ,day ,book1 vol4 i4 p4 #dcj4 ,,surrey4 ,! foll[+ is tak5 f ! ,times ( ,m>* #g?1 #ahfb3 8,%rove ,tuesday 0 obs]v$1 z 9 days ( yore1 at ,dork+1#ae fir/ by a p]ambulation ( ! /reets by ! foot-ball ret9ue1 compos$ ( grotesquely-dress$ p]sons1 to ! s\nds ( music1 & 9 ! aft]noon by ! kick+ ( ! ball up & d[n ! pr9cipal ?or\ghf>es ( ! t[n4 ,! usual numb] ( m5 & boys jo9$ 9 ! sport1 & play$1 especially t[>ds ! end ( ! game1 ) a r\ghness extremely dang]\s to ! limbs ( ! competitors4 ,z #f o'clock drew ne> ! /ruggle = victory became m vehem5t2 ! palm1 h[ev]1 0 obta9$1 = ! fif? ye>1 by ! play]s f ! we/ end ( ! t[n4 ,! old cu/om ( toll+ ! #8pancake bell' dur+ ! morn+ 01 on ?is occasion1 z dur+ ! la/ two or ?ree ye>s1 disp5s$ )40--,we/ ,surrey ,times4 #ae ,?is cu/om prevails at ,epsom4 ,n4 ,q4 #crd ,s4 vol4 i4 p4 #dci4 ,x seems to h be5 obs]v$ also at ,twick5ham1 ,bu%y1 ,t$d+ton1 ,k+/on4 ,see ,e ,day ,book1 vol4 i4 p4 #bde4 ,,isle ,,( ,,wight4 ,at ,brigh/one p>ties ( "y boys1 girls1 & v small *ildr5 p>ade ! village1 s++ ! foll[+ words3 8,%rov+1 %rov+1 ,i am come to %rov+4 ,:ite bread & apple pie1 ,my m\? is v dry2 ,i wi% ,i 7 well a-wet1 ,z ,i c\ld s+ = a nut4 ,%rov+1 %rov+1 ,i am come to %rov+4 ,a piece ( bread1 a piece ( *eese1 ,a piece ( y\r fat bacon1 ,d\gh nuts & pancakes1 ,all ( y\r own mak+4 ,%rov+1 %rov+1 ,i am come to %rov+40#af ,n4 ,q4 #a/ ,s4 vol4 xi4 p4 #bci4 #af ,= a m detail$ acc\nt ( ! ,isle ( ,wight ,%rov]s1 see ,halliwell's ,popul> ,rhymes1 #ahdi1 p4 #bdf4 ,,york%ire4 ,a correspond5t ( ,n4 ,q4 #bnd ,s4 vol4 v4 p4 #cia1 says t all ! appr5tices 9 ! t[n ( ,h$on ^: ind5tures t]m9ate be=e ! return ( ! day assemble 9 ! belfry ( ! *ur* at elev5 o'clock1 & 9 turn toll ! t5or bell = an h\r1 at ! s\nd ( :i* all ! h\sewives 9 ! p>i% comm5ce fry+ pancakes4 ,! sexton1 :o is pres5t receives a small fee f ea* lad4 ,at ,sc>bor\gh on ! morn+ ( ,%rove ,tuesday hawk]s p>ade ! /reets ) b>r[s load$ ) p>ty-col\r$ balls1 :i* are pur*as$ by all ranks ( ! inhabitants4 ,) ^!1 & arm$ ) /icks1 m51 wom51 & *ildr5 repair to ! s&s bel[ ! old t[n1 & indiscrim9ately comm5ce a conte/1 "o p>ty try+ to drive ! ball into ! sea1 & ano!r equally zeal\s 9 _! attempts to rescue x4 ,,wales4 ,=m]ly x 0 cu/om>y to take su* h5s z _h n laid eggs be=e ,%rove ,tuesday1 & to ?ra% !m to dea?1 z be+ no long] ( any use4 ,! same cu/om also prevail$ 9 "s p>ts ( ,cornwall4--,br&1 ,pop4 ,antiq4 #ahdi1 vol4 i4 p4 #ha2 ,book ( ,days1 vol4 i4 p4 #bch4 ,at ,h>d+1 9 ,fl9t%ire1 ! "l ( ! manor1 att5d$ by 8 bailiff1 =m]ly provid$ a foot-ball1 & aft] ?r[+ x d[n 9 a field ne> ! *ur* 7call$ !nce foot-ball field7 ! "y & old assembl$ toge!r to play at foot-ball4--,k5nett ,,ms4 ,briti% ,museum4 ,at ,t5by ,%rove ,tuesday 0 =m]ly a g5]al holiday1 :5 ! "t 0 divid$ betwe5 foot-ball-kick+ & pancake-eat+4 ,! %utt]s rema9$ ^u ! %op-w9d[s1 :ile ! w9d[s ( ! private h\ses 7 b>ricad$ ) wood1 or bl9d$ ) la?s1 bags1 & sack+4--,mason1 ,tales & ,traditions ( ,t5by1 #aheh1 pp4 #ag1 #ah4 ,,scotl&4 ,fa/r5's ,e'en is celebrat$ annually1 aft] ! ,bord] fa%ion1 9 ! mon? ( ,febru>y1 ! day be+ fix$ by ! foll[+ antiquat$ c\plet3 8,fir/ comes ,c&lemas1 syne ! ,new ,moon2 ,! next ,tuesday aft] is ,fa/r5's ,e'en40 ,cr[die is m5tion$ by ,sir ,f4 ,m4 ,ed5 7,/ate ( ! ,poor1 #agig1 vol4 i4 p4 #dih7 z a nev]-fail+ d9n] on ,%rove ,tuesday1 ) all ranks ( p 9 ,scotl&1 z pancakes are 9 ,engl&2 & t a r+ is put into ! bas9 or porr+] ( ! unm>ri$ folks1 to ! f9d] ( :i* by fair means x 0 an om5 ( m>riage be=e ! re/ ( ! eat]s4 ,,! ,,highl&s4 ,9 ! ,highl&s ! mo/ sub/antial ent]ta9m5t peculi> to ! ev5+ ( ,%rove ,tuesday is ! matrimonial brose 7pottage71 a sav\ry di%1 g5]ally made ( ! bree 7bro?7 ( a good fat piece ( beef or mutton1 :i* be+ sometimes a good :ile 9 ret5tum1 r5d]s ! addition ( salt to ! meal unnecess>y4 ,be=e ! bree is put 9 ! bick] or plate1 a r+ is mix$ ) ! meal1 :i* x w be ! aim ( e p>tak] to get4 ,! fir/ bick] be+ discuss$1 ! r+ is put into two o!r bick]s successively2 & %\ld any ( ! c&idates = matrimony f9d ! r+ m ?an once1 he may re/ assur$ ( 8 m>ry+ be=e ! next anniv]s>y4 ,! brose1 & pl5ty ( o!r good *e]1 be+ dispat*$1 ! gue/s betake !mselves to ano!r "p ( ! night's ent]ta9m5t4 ,soon z ! ev5+ circle conv5es1 ! ,banni* ,junit1 or 8sauty bannocks10 are resort$ to4 ,! compon5t +r$i5ts ( ^? da9ties are eggs & meal1 & a suffici5t quantity ( salt to su/a9 _! anci5t & appropriate appellation ( 8sauty40 ,^! +r$i5ts1 well mix$ toge!r1 are bak$ or roa/$ on ! gridiron1 & are reg>d$ by old & "y z a mo/ delici\s treat2 &1 z may be expect$1 !y h a *>m atta*$ to !m :i* enables ! happy ,highl&] to discov] ! object ( all 8 spells--8 connubial b$fell[4 ,a suffici5t numb] ( ^? design$ = ! palate be+ prep>$1 ! great or matrimonial bannock is made1 ( :i* all ! "y p 9 ! h\se p>take4 ,into ! +r$i5ts ( x !re is "s article int]mix$1 :i*1 9 ! di/ribution1 w fall to ! lot ( "s happy p]son1 :o may be sure1 if n already m>ri$1 to be s be=e ! next anniv]s>y4 ,la/ ( all are made ! ,banni* ,bruad]1 or dream+ bannocks1 to ! +r$i5ts compos+ :i* is add$ a little ( t sub/ance :i* *imney-sweeps call soot1 & :i* conta9s "s *>m4 ,9 bak+ ^! la/ bannocks ! bak] mu/ be z mute z a /one--"o ^w w\ld de/roy ! *>m ( ! :ole conc]n4 ,"o is giv5 to ea* individual1 :o slips (f ) x quietly to b$1 &1 repos+ 8 head on 8 bannock1 he w be gratifi$ by ! sight ( 8 belov$ 9 ! c\rse ( 8 midnight slumb]s4--,/ew>t1 ,popul> ,sup]/itions ( ! ,highl&]s ( ,scotl&1 #ahea1 p4 #agh4 ,,c\nty ,,( ,,mid-,,lo?ian4 ,on ,%rove ,tuesday1 9 ! p>i% ( ,inv]ness1 !re is a /&+ mat* at football betwe5 ! m>ri$ & unm>ri$ wom51 9 :i* ! =m] are always victori\s4--,/at4 ,acc4 ( ,scotl&1 ,s9clair1 #agie1 vol4 xvi4 p4 #ai4 ,,p]?%ire4 ,=m]ly1 on ?is day1 ! ba*elors & m>ri$ m5 drew !mselves up at ! ,cross ( ,scone1 on opposite sides4 ,a ball 0 !n ?r[n up1 & !y play$ f two o'clock till sunset4 ,! game 0 ?is3 ,he :o at any "t got ! ball into 8 h&s1 ran ) x till ov]tak5 by "o ( ! opposite p>ty1 & !n1 if he c\ld escape f ^? ( ! opposite side :o seiz$ him1 he ran on2 if n1 he ?rew ! ball away1 unless x 0 wre/$ f him by ! o!r p>ty2 b no p]son 0 all[$ to kick x4 ,! object ( ! m>ri$ m5 0 to hang x1 i4e41 to put x ?ree times into a small hole 9 ! moor1 ! goal or limit1 on ! "o h&2 t ( ! ba*elors 0 to dr[n x1 i4e41 to dip x ?ree times into a deep place 9 ! riv]1 ! limit ( ! o!r4 ,! p>ty :o c\ld effect ei!r ( ^! objects won ! game4 ,b1 if nei!r p>ty won1 ! ball 0 cut into equal p>ts at sunset4 ,9 ! c\rse ( ! play1 "o might always see "s sc5e ( viol5ce betwe5 ! p>ties2 b1 z ! prov]b ( t "p ( ! c\ntry expresses x1 8,all 0 fair at ! ,ball ( ,scone40 ,?is cu/om is suppos$ to h _h its orig9 9 ! days ( *ivalry4 ,an ,italian1 x is said1 came into t "p ( ! c\ntry1 *all5g+ all ! p>i%es1 "u a c]ta9 p5alty 9 case ( decl9+ 8 *all5ge4 ,all ! p>i%es decl9$ ! *all5ge except ,scone1 :i* beat ! =eign]1 & 9 commemoration ( ?is gallant action ! game 0 in/itut$4 ,:il/ ! cu/om cont9u$1 e man 9 ! p>i%1 ! g5try n except$1 0 oblig$ to turn out & support ! side to :i* he belong$2 & ! p]son :o neglect$ to d 8 "p on t occasion 0 f9$4--,s9clair1 ,/at4 ,acc4 ( ,scotl&1 #agif1 vol4 xviii4 p4 #hh4 ,,roxburgh%ire4 ,on ?is occasion ! t[n ( ,melrose pres5ts a mo/ s+ul> appe>ance1 f ! w9d[s ( ! %ops & dwell+s 9 ! ma9 /reets be+ b>ricad$4 ,?is precaution is necess>y to prev5t breakage1 z football-play+ on a mo/ indiscrim9ate & unlimit$ scale is ! ord] ( ! day4 ,! ball is ?r[n up at ! cross at "o o'clock1 :5 ! "y m5 ( ! t[n & neighb\rhood1 ) a spr9kl+ ( ! m>ri$ a?letes1 assemble 9 consid]able numb]s4 ,! foot-balls us$ are previ\sly suppli$ by a g5]al public subscription1 & f "o o'clock ! sport is kept up ) great _s until d>kness sets 9 & puts a /op to ! game4 ,bus9ess ?r\gh\t ! t[n is almo/ entirely susp5d$ dur+ ! day4--,wade1 ,hi/ory ( ,melrose ,abbey1 #ahfa1 p4 #add4 ,,irel&4 ,at ,kilru% 9 ! c\nty ( ,cl>e1 ?is is ! greate/ day 9 ! ye> = w$d+s1 & consequ5tly ! ,roman ,ca?olic prie/s are g5]ally occupi$ 9 ! celebration ( matrimony f sunrise till midnight4 ,! g5]al fee on ?is occasion is two gu9eas & a half2 & _m ?\ghtless c\ples1 "u ! age ( sixte51 pay x ) *e]fulness :5 !y h n ano!r p5ny 9 _! possession4 ,^? :o d n m>ry on ?is day mu/ wait until ,ea/] ,monday on acc\nt ( ! int]v5+ ,l5t4--,mason1 ,/at4 ,acc4 ( ,irel&1 #ahad1 vol4 ii4 p4 #deh4 ,,feb4 #d4 ,,a% ,,w$nesday4 ,among ! ,anglo-,saxons ,a% ,w$nesday _h its c]emonial ( /rew+ a%es ^u n m]ely ! public p5it5t1 b all2 & !reby spoke its awful tea*+s & w>n+s unto all--unto ! "y & old--! guiltless & ! guilty4 ,z soon z none-song 0 ov]1 t is1 ab\t mid-aft]noon1 ! a%es 7 hall[$ & !n put ^u ea* "o's =ehead4 ,f _! own p>i% *ur* ! p !n w5t 9 procession to "s o!r *ur*1 & on com+ back he>d mass4 ,!n1 & only !n1 did su* z 7 b\nd & able to fa/ take any k9d ( food4--,d4 ,rock1 ,! ,*ur* ( our ,fa!rs1 #ahdi-ec1 vol4 iii4 "p ii4 p4 #fc4 ,=m]ly1 on ?is day1 boys us$ to g ab\t clack+ at doors1 to get eggs or bits ( bacon :]e) to make up a fea/ among !mselves2 &1 :5 refus$1 w\ld /op ! keyhole up ) dirt1 & dep>t ) a rhym$ d5unciation4--,book ( ,days1 vol4 i4 p4 #bdj4 ,we le>n also f ,fosbroke's ,briti% ,mona*ism 7#ahdc7 t 9 days gone by boys us$ on ! ev5+ ( ,a% ,w$nesday to run ab\t ) firebr&s & tor*es4 ,9 =m] times dur+ ! season ( ,l5t1 an (fic] d5om9at$ 8,! ,k+'s ,cock-,cr[]0 cr[$ ! h\r e night )9 ! prec9cts ( ! palace1 in/ead ( proclaim+ x 9 ! ord9>y mann]4 ,on ! fir/ ,a% ,w$nesday aft] ! accession ( ! ,h\se ( ,hanov]1 z ! ,pr9ce ( ,wales1 aft]w>ds ,george ,,ii41 0 sitt+ d[n to supp]1 ?is (fic] sudd5ly ent]$ ! ap>tm5t1 be=e ! *apla9 said grace1 & cr[$ 8pa/ t5 o'clock40 ,! a/oni%$ ,pr9ce1 n und]/&+ ,engli%1 & mi/ak+ ! tremulation ( ! cr[ = mock]y1 conclud$ t ?is c]emony 0 int5d$ z an insult1 & in/antly rose to res5t x2 :51 ) "s difficulty1 he 0 made to und]/& ! nature ( ! cu/om1 & t x 0 int5d$ z a complim5t1 & accord+ to c\rt etiquette4 ,f t p]iod ! cu/om 0 discont9u$4 ,! int5tion ( cr[+ ! h\r ( ! night 0 no d\bt int5d$ to rem9d wak+ s9n]s ( ! augu/ effect ! ?ird cr[+ ( ! cock _h on ! guilty ,apo/le ,/4 ,pet]2 & ! limitation ( ! cu/om to ! season ( ,l5t 0 judici\sly adopt$2 z1 _h ! practice cont9u$ ?r\gh\t ! ye>1 ! imp5it5t w\ld become z habituat$ & z indiff]5t to ! cr[ ( ! mimic cock z !y are to t ( ! real "o1 or to ! cry ( ! wat*m54 ,! adaptation to ! prec9cts ( ! ,c\rt seems also to h _h a view1 z if ! in/itutor 7probably ! ,royal ,confessor7 _h consid]$ t ! great] & m obdurate s9n]s resid$ )9 ! purlieus ( ! palace4--,g5t4 ,mag4 #aghe1 vol4 lv4 p4 #cda4 ,! beg9n+ ( ,l5t 0 at "o "t m>k$ by a cu/om n[ fall5 into disuse4 ,a figure1 made up ( /raw & ca/-(f clo!s1 0 drawn or c>ri$ ?r\gh ! /reets amid mu* noise & m]rim5t2 aft] :i* x 0 ei!r burnt1 %ot at1 or ?r[n d[n a *imney4 ,?is image 0 call$ 8,jack o',l5t10 & 01 accord+ to "s1 int5d$ to repres5t ,judas ,isc>iot4 ,eld]ton1 9 a ballad1 call$ ,l5ton ,/uff1 9 a ,,ms4 9 ! ,a%molean ,museum1 ?us concludes 8 acc\nt ( ,l5t3 8,!n ,jake a' ,l5t comes ju/lynge 91 ,) ! h$pecce ( a h]ynge1 ,& say!1 rep5t y[e ( y[] syn1 ,= %ame1 syrs1 leve y[] sw]ynge3 ,& to ,palme ,sonday doe! he ryde1 ,) sprots & h]ryngs by hys syde1 ,& makes an end ( ,l5ton tyde60 ,n4 ,q4 #a/ ,s4 vol4 xii4 p4 #big4 ,9 ,b5 ,jonson's ,tale ( a ,tub1 occurs ! foll[+3 --8,on an ,a% ,w$nesday1 ,:5 ?\ did/ /& six weeks ! ,jack o' ,l5t1 ,= boys to hurl ?ree ?r[s a p5ny at !e40 ,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq4 #ahdi1 vol4 i4 p4 #aja4 ,x 0 once cu/om>y = p]sons to we> black clo? dur+ ,l5t4 ,rob]ts 9 8 ,cambrian ,pop4 ,antiq4 7#ahae1 #aab71 says ?is usage 0 entirely laid aside 9 8 "t2 b ( late ye>s x has be5 some:at reviv$4 ,x is obs]v$ by ,mr4 ,fosbroke t ladies wore fri>s' girdles dur+ ?is season1 & quot+ f ,camd5's ,rema9s he tells u h[ ,sir ,?omas ,m1 f9d+ 8 lady scold+ h] s]vants dur+ ,l5t1 endeav\r$ to re/ra9 h]4 8,tu%1 tu%1 my "l10 said %e1 8look1 "h is "o /ep to heav5w>d10 %[+ him a fri>'s girdle4 8,i fe> me10 said he1 8t "o /ep w n br+ y "o /ep high]40 ,9 a curi\s tract writt5 ab\t #aagd by ,fitz,stephen1 a monk ( ,cant]bury1 & entitl$ ,descriptio ,nobilissim ,civitatis ,londoni1 !re is an int]e/+ acc\nt ( ! metropolis & its cu/oms 9 ,h5ry ,,ii4's "t4 ,speak+ ( ! season ( ,l5t ! writ] says1 8,e ,friday aft]noon a company ( "y m5 ride out on horses fit = w> & rac+1 & tra9$ to ! c\rse4 ,!n ! citiz5s' sons flock ?r\gh ! gates 9 troops1 arm$ ) lances & %ields1 & practise feats ( arms2 b ! lances ( ! m y\?ful are n head$ ) iron4 ,:5 ! k+ lie? ne>1 _m c\rti]s1 & "y /ripl+s f ! families ( ! great1 :o h n yet atta9$ ! w>like girdle1 resort to ^! ex]cises4 ,! hope ( victory inflames e "o4 ,ev5 ! neigh+ & fi]ce horses %ake _! jo9ts1 *ew _! bridles1 & _c endure to /& /ill4 ,at l5g? !y beg9 _! race2 aft]w>ds ! "y m5 divide _! troops & cont5d = ma/]y40 ,,essex4 ,at ,fel/ead ! *ur*w>d5s di/ribute1 z ! gift ( ,"l ,ri*1 sev5 b>rels ( :ite h]r+s & ?ree b>rels & a half ( r$ on ,a% ,w$nesday1 & ! six foll[+ ,sundays1 to n9ety-two poor h\sehold]s ( ! p>i%1 select$ by ! *ur*w>d5s1 9 %>es ( eight :ite h]r+s & f\r r$ a piece4 ,a li/ is kept ( ! p]sons receiv+ ?is donation1 & !y cont9ue to receive x dur+ _! lives1 unless !y misconduct !mselves or ent] ! workh\se4--,old ,engli% ,cu/oms & ,*>ities1 #ahdb1 p4 #i4 ,,norfolk4 ,p4 ,le ,neve ,fo/]1 ,esq41 :o 9 #ahce held ! rectorial ti!s ( ! p>i% ( ,great ,wit*+ham1 "u a lease f ! w>d5 & fell[s ( ,new ,college1 ,ox=d1 0 b\nd by a cov5ant conta9$ !re91 to provide & di/ribute to & among/ ! poor inhabitants & p>i%ion]s1 two seams ( peas1 conta9+ 9 all sixte5 bu%els4 ,! practice has be5 to give to e p]son :o happ5s to be 9 ! p>i% on ,a% ,w$nesday1 :e!r ri* or poor1 "o qu>t ( peas ea*4--,old ,engli% ,cu/oms & ,*>ities1 #ahdb1 p4 #cd4 ,,scambl+ ,,days4 ,! days s call$ 7 ,mondays & ,saturdays 9 ,l5t1 :5 no regul> meals 7 provid$1 & ! memb]s ( our great families scambl$4 ,9 ! old h\sehold-book ( ! fif? ,e>l ( ,nor?umb]l& !re is a p>ticul> section appo9t+ ! ord] ( s]vice = ^! days1 & s regulat+ ! lic5ti\s cont5tions ( !m4 ,%akespe>e1 9 8 play ( ,h5ry ,v4 7act v4 sc5e #b71 makes ,k+ ,h5ry say3 8,if ev] ?\ be'/ m9e1 ,kate1 ,i get !e ) scambl+1 & ?\ mu/ !re=e ne$s prove a good soldi]-bre$]40 ,! ^w scambl+ is conjectur$ to be d]iv$ f ! ,greek 1 oblique1 indirect1 c4 8,! scambl+ & unquiet "t40 ,%ak4 ,h5ry ,v4 act i4 sc4 #a4 --,m$4 vi ,kal5d4 vol4 ii4 p4 #cej4 ,antiq4 ,rep]t4 #ahji1 vol4 iv4 pp4 #hg1 #ia1 #cje4 ,,feb4 #e4 ,,gl\ce/]%ire4 ,9 ,smi?'s ,,ms4 ,lives ( ! ,lords ( ,b]keley1 9 ! possession ( ! ,e>l ( ,b]keley 7p4 #di71 we read t on ! anniv]s>y ( ! f\nd] ( ,/4 ,augu/9e's1 ,bri/ol1 i4e41 ,sir ,rob]t ,fitzh>d+1 on ! #e? ( ,febru>y1 8at t mona/]y !re %all be "o hundr$ poore m5 refre%$ 9 a dole made unto !m 9 ?is =me3 ,e man ( !m ha? a *anon's loaf ( bread1 call$ a my*e 7a k9d ( bread71 & ?ree he>+s !re)4 ,!re %all be doal$ also among/ !m two bu%ells ( peys40--,br&1 ,pop4 ,antiq41 #ahdi1 vol41 i4 p4 #aaf4 ,,york%ire4 ,9 ,le$s & ! neighb\rhood !y eat a sort ( pancake on ! ,?ursday foll[+ ,%rove ,tuesday1 :i* 9 t "p !y call ,fruttors 7,fritt]s7 ,?ursday4 ,! ,le$s fritt]1 x is said 9 ! ,dialect ( ,le$s1 #ahfb1 p4 #cjg1 is ab\t "o-f\r? ! size ( a pancake1 ?ick]1 & has an abundance ( currants 9 x4 ,,feb4 #h4 ,,*alk ,,sunday4 ,,irel&4 ,9 ! we/ ( ,irel& n9e-t5?s ( ! m>riages t take place among ! peasantry are celebrat$ ! week be=e ,l5t1 & p>ticul>ly on ,%rove ,tuesday1 on :i* day ! ,roman ,ca?olic prie/s h h>d "w to get ?r\gh all _! duties4 ,on ! fir/ ,sunday 9 ,l5t x is usual = ! girls slyly to *alk ! coats ( ^? "y m5 :o h all[$ ! prec$+ fe/ival to pass )\t hav+ made _! *oice ( a p>tn]2 & 8illigible0 "y m5 /rut ab\t ) affect$ unconsci\sness ( ! num]\s /ripes :i* decorate _! backs1 :ile boys j arriv$ at manhood hold _! heads high]1 & %[ tok5s ( great satisfaction1 if any good-natur$ lass affixes ! covet$ m>k4--,n4 ,q4 #bnd ,s4 vol4 iii4 p4 #bjg4 ,,feb4 #aj4 ,,/4 ,,s*ola/ica',s ,,day4 ,,ox=d%ire4 ,?is fe/ival 0 =m]ly obs]v$ at ,ox=d4 ,! foll[+ extract is tak5 f ,! ,lives ( ,lel&1 ,he>ne1 & ,wood 7#aggb4 vol4 ii4 p4 #cab73 ,friday1 ! burgh]s or citiz5s ( ,ox=d appe>$ 9 _! full numb] on ,/4 ,s*ola/ica's ,day at ,/4 ,m>y's4 ,ald]man ,wright1 _! oracle1 told !m t if !y did n appe> !re might be "s hole pick$ 9 _! *>t]1 z !re 0 n[ endeav\r+ to be done 9 t ( ! city ( ,london2 he told !m moreov] t1 ?\gh x 0 a popi% matt]1 yet policy ought to take place 9 ?is juncture ( "t4#ag #ag ,see ibid4 p4 #bie4 ,! orig9 ( ?is cu/om 0 a furi\s conte/ betwe5 ! citiz5s ( ,ox=d & ! /ud5ts4 ,"s ( ! latt] be+ at a tav]n1 on ! #aj? ( ,febru>y1 #aced1 broke ! l&lord's head ) a vessel 9 :i* he _h s]v$ !m ) bad w9e4 ,! man imm$iately collect$ toge!r a numb] ( 8 neighb\rs & fell[-citiz5s1 :o1 hav+ = a long "t wait$ = su* an opportunity1 fell ^u ! /ud5ts1 & 9 spite ( ! m&ates ( ! ,*ancellor1 & ev5 ! ,k+ himself1 :o 0 !n at ,wood/ock1 cont9u$ _! outrages = sev]al days1 n only kill+ or w\nd+ ! s*ol>s1 b1 9 contempt ( ! sac]dotal ord]1 de/roy+ all ! religi\s crosses ( ! t[n4 ,= ?is (f5ce ! ,k+ depriv$ ! city ( _m valuable privileges1 & be/[$ !m on ! ,univ]sity1 & ! ,bi%op ( ,l9coln =bade ! adm9i/ration ( ! sacram5ts to ! citiz5s4 ,9 ! foll[+ ye> !y petition$ = a mitigation ( ?is s5t5ce1 b )\t success2 b 9 #aceg a total abrogation ( x 0 grant$ ^u condition t ! city %\ld annually celebrate on ,/4 ,s*ola/ica's day1 ! #aj? ( ,febru>y1 a numb] ( masses = ! s\ls ( ! s*ol>s kill$ 9 ! conflict2 ! mayor & bailiffs ) sixty ( ! *ief burgesses be+ b\nd also to swe> at ,/4 ,m>y's ,*ur* obs]vance ( ! cu/om>y rights ( ! ,univ]sity1 "u ! p5alty ( #ajj m>ks 9 case ( omission ( ?is c]emony4 ,x 0 fur!r ord]$1 t ! said citiz5s %\ld aft]w>ds (f] up s+ly at ! high alt> "o p5ny1 ( :i* sum =ty p5ce 7 to be di/ribut$ to poor s*ol>s1 & ! rema9d] giv5 to ! curate ( ,/4 ,m>y's4 ,?is (f]+ be+ omitt$ ^u ! pret5ce t masses 7 aboli%$1 ! ,univ]sity 9 ,que5 ,elizabe?'s reign su$ !m = ! sum ( #a1ejj m>ks due = su* neglect dur+ fifte5 ye>s2 :5 x 0 decre$ t in/ead ( mass !re %\ld be a s]mon & a communion at ,/4 ,m>y's 7:i* at l5g? came only to public pray]s71 & t ! said (f]+ %\ld be made4 ,! traditional /ory t ! mayor 0 oblig$ to att5d ) a halt] r\nd 8 neck1 :i* 0 aft]w>ds1 to less5 ! disgrace1 *ang$ into a silk5 /r+1 has no real f\ndation4--,ibid41 p4 #bif4 ,,feb4 #ac4 ,,/4 ,,val5t9e',s ,,eve4 ,misson1 9 8 ,travels 9 ,engl& 7translat$ by ,ozell1 p4 #ccj71 describes ! amus+ practices ( 8 "t connect$ ) ?is day4 ,he tells u t on ! eve ( ! #ad? ,febru>y1 ,/4 ,val5t9e's day1 ! "y folks 9 ,engl& & ,scotl&1 by a v anci5t cu/om1 celebrate a little fe/ival4 ,an equal numb] ( maids & ba*elors get toge!r1 & ea* writes _! true or "s feign$ "n ^u sep>ate billets1 :i* !y roll up1 & draw by way ( lots1 ! maids tak+ ! m5's billets1 & ! m5 ! maids'2 s t ea* ( ! "y m5 lights ^u a girl t he calls 8 ,val5t9e1 & ea* ( ! girls ^u a "y man :i* %e calls h]s4 ,by ?is means ea* has two ,val5t9es2 b ! man /icks fa/] to ! ,val5t9e t is fall5 to him1 ?an ! ,val5t9e to :om he is fall54 ,=tune hav+ ?us divid$ ! company into s _m c\ples1 ! ,val5t9es give balls & treats to _! mi/resses1 we> _! billets sev]al days ^u _! bosoms or sleeves1 & ?is little sport (t5 ends 9 love4 ,!re is ano!r k9d ( ,val5t9e1 :i* is ! fir/ "y man or woman t *ance ?r[s 9 y\r way 9 ! /reet1 or else:]e1 on t day4 ,9 "s places1 says ,hone 7,e ,day ,book1 vol4 i4 p4 #bbf71 at ?is "t1 & m p>ticul>ly 9 ,london1 ! lad's ,val5t9e is ! fir/ lass he sees 9 ! morn+1 :o is n an inmate ( ! h\se2 ! lass's ,val5t9e is ! fir/ y\? %e sees4 ,gay m5tions ?is usage on ,/4 ,val5t9e's ,day2 he makes a ru/ic h\sewife rem9d h] good man-- 8,i e>ly rose j at ! break ( day1 ,be=e ! sun _h *as'd ! />s away2 ,a-field ,i w5t1 amid ! morn+ dew ,to milk my k9e 7= s %\ld h\se-wives d72 ,!e fir/ ,i spi$1 & ! fir/ swa9 we see1 ,9 spite ( ,=tune %all our true-love be40 ,%akespe>e be>s witness to ! cu/om ( look+ = y\r ,val5t9e1 or desir+ to be "o1 ?r\gh poor ,ophelia's s++3 8,good morr[6 'tis ,/4 ,val5t9e's day1 ,all 9 ! morn+ betime1 ,& ,i a maid at y\r w9d[1 ,to be y\r ,val5t9e60 ,,d]by%ire4 ,at ,a%borne ! foll[+ cu/om is obs]v$ on ,val5t9e's ,eve4 ,:5 a "y woman wi%es to div9e :o h] future husb& is to be1 %e goes into ! *ur*y>d at midnight1 & z ! clock /rikes twelve comm5ces runn+ r\nd ! *ur*1 repeat+ )\t int]mission3 8,i s[ hempse$1 hempse$ ,i s[1 ,he t loves me be/ ,come & aft] me m[40 ,hav+ ?us p]=m$ ! circuit ( ! *ur* twelve times )\t /opp+1 ! figure ( h] lov] is suppos$ to appe> & foll[ h]4--,j\r4 ,ar*4 ,assoc4 #aheb1 vol4 vii4 p4 #bji4 ,,devon%ire4 ,! peasants & o!rs believe t if !y g to ! por* ( a *ur*1 wait+ !re till half-pa/ twelve o'clock on ! ,eve ( ,/4 ,val5t9e's day1 ) "s hempse$ 9 8 or h] h&1 & at ! "t above-nam$1 !n proce$ homew>ds1 scatt]+ ! se$ on ei!r side1 repeat+ ^! l9es3 8,hempse$ ,i s[1 hempse$ ,i m[1 ,%e 7or he7 t w my true-love be1 ,come rake ?is hempse$ aft] me10 8 or h] true love w be se5 beh9d rak+ up ! se$ j s[n1 9 a w9d+-%eet4--,n4 ,q4 #a/ ,s4 vol4 v4 p4 #ee4 ,,norfolk4 ,z soon z x is d>k1 packages may be se5 be+ c>ri$ ab\t 9 a mo/ my/]i\s way2 & z soon z ! coa/ seems cle>1 ! p>cel is laid on ! door/ep1 ! bell rung1 & ! be>] runs away4 ,inside ! h\se is all on ! qui vive1 & ! mom5t ! bell is he>d1 all ! little folks 7& ! old ones too1 sometimes7 ru% to ! door1 & seize ! p>cel & scrut9ize ! direction mo/ anxi\sly1 & see :e!r x is = papa or mamma1 or "o ( ! y\ng/]s4 ,! p>cels conta9 pres5ts ( all descriptions1 f ! mo/ magnific5t books or desks1 to little unhappy squeak+ dolls4 ,^! pres5ts are always s5t anonym\sly1 & ne>ly always conta9 a few v]ses1 end+ ) ! di/i*3 8,if y'll be m9e1 ,i'll be ?9e1 ,& s good morr[1 ,val5t9e40 ,! la/ ?ree words are = ! mo/ "p writt5 on ! wrapp] also1 ) ! address1 ?us3 ,,miss ,,m>y ,,isabella ,,k+1 ,/4 ,giles1' ,norwi*4 ,good ,morr[1 ,val5t9e4 ,n4 ,q4 #a/ ,s4 vol4 x4 p4 #e2 #d? ,s4 vol4 xi4 p4 #agc4 ,at ,swaffham1 also1 ,val5t9es are s5t on ?is ev5+4 ,wat*+ = a conv5i5t opportunity1 ! door is slyly op5$1 & ! ,val5t9e atta*$ to an apple or an orange1 is ?r[n 92 a l\d rap at ! door imm$iately foll[s1 & ! (f5d] tak+ to 8 heels1 is (f in/antly4 ,^? 9 ! h\se1 g5]ally kn[+ = :at purpose ! amus+ rap 0 made1 comm5ce a se>* = ! juv5ile billet-d\x3 9 ?is mann] numb]s are dispos$ ( by ea* y\?4 ,by way ( teas+ ! p]son :o att5ds ! door1 a :ite oblong squ>e ! size ( a lett] is usually *alk$ on ! /ep ( ! door1 & %\ld an attempt be made to pick x up1 great amusem5t is ?us af=d$ to "s ( ! ur*9s1 :o are g5]ally wat*+4--,e ,day ,book1 vol4 ii4 p4 #bbb4 ,,feb4 #ad4 ,,/4 ,,val5t9e',s ,,day4 ,?is is a fe/ival :i* lov]s h obs]v$ & poets h hon\r$ f "t immemorial4 ,! obs]vance is mu* m ?an sixte5 hundr$ ye>s old1 :5 ! ,*ri/ian ,val5t9e 0 beat5 by clubs & behead$1 at ! "t ( ! great hea!n fe/ival ( love & purification4 ,a few ye>s ago ! obs]vance 0 dy+ out2 b x has lately reviv$1 especially 9 ,london4--,n4 ,q4 #d? ,s4 vol4 xi4 p4 #abi4 ,9 t curi\s record ( dome/ic life 9 ,engl& 9 ! reign ( ,*>les ,,ii41 ,pepys' ,di>y1 we f9d "s notable illu/rations ( ! cu/oms connect$ ) ?is day4 ,x appe>s t m>ri$ & s+le 7 !n alike liable to be *os5 z a ,val5t9e2 & t lady ,val5t9es 7 hon\r$ n by anonym\s v]ses1 b by sub/antial gifts4 ,f\r days aft] ,pepys _h *os5 ,m>?a ,batt5 = 8 ,val5t9e1 he took h] to ! ,ex*ange1 & !re1 8^u a pair ( embroid]$1 & six pair ( pla9 :ite gloves1 ,i laid out #djs40 ,! "q ( exp5se tr\bl$ ! di>i/4 ,:51 9 #affg1 he took 8 wife = 7honor>y7 ,val5t9e1 he wrote d[n ! fact t x w\ld co/ him #el42 b he consol$ himself by ano!r fact1 t he mu/ h laid out z mu* 8if we _h n be5 ,val5t9es40 ,! outlay at ! h&s ( pr9ces & c\rti]s 0 enorm\s4 ,:5 ! ,duke ( ,york 0 ,miss ,/ew>t's ,val5t9e1 he gave h] a jewel ( ab\t #hjjl4 9 value2 & 9 #affg1 ,"l ,m&eville1 be+ t lady's ,val5t9e1 pres5t$ h] ) a r+ wor? #cjjl4 ,! gifts ( ,pepys to 8 wife look small by ! side ( pres5ts made by lov]s to ladies4 ,pepys came to an agreem5t ) ,mrs4 ,pepys to be h] ,val5t9e 7:i* did n preclude o!rs f be+ s7 e ye>1 8& ?is ye>10 he rem>ks1 9 #affh1 8x is likely to co/ #dl4 or #el4 9 a r+ = h]1 :i* %e desires40 ,9 #affi1 he b\ght m useful ?+s = 8 c\s9 ,turn]1 :o told him %e _h drawn him = h] ,val5t9e4 ,/raightway he w5t to ! ,new ,ex*ange1 & b\ght h] a pair ( fa%ionable 8gre5 silk /ock+s1 & g>t]s1 & %oe-/r+s1 & two pairs ( jessimy gloves1 all com+ to ab\t #bhs40 ,london %ops d n n[ exhibit gre5 silk /ock+s1 b !y tempt buy]s ) gallant int5tions2 & 8,val5t9e gifts0 are 9 w9d[s or on c\nt]s at prices to suit a few & t]rify _m4 ,o!r old cu/oms h n be5 reviv$1 b we may le>n "s ( ^! f old mak]s ( ,notes1 & specially f ,pepys1 z to ! old me?ods ( *oos+1 or avoid+ to *oose1 ,val5t9es4 ,:5 he w5t e>ly on ,val5t9e's ,day to ,sir ,w4 ,batt5's1 he says he w\ld n g 9 8till ,i ask$ :e!r !y t op5$ ! doors 0 a man or a woman2 & ,m+o :o 0 !re1 answ]$1 a woman1 :i*1 ) 8 tone1 made me laugh2 s up ,i w5t1 & took ,mrs4 ,m>?a = my ,val5t9e 7:i* ,i d only = complac5cy72 & ,sir ,w4 ,batt51 he g 9 ! same mann] to my wife1 & s we 7 v m]ry40 ,on ! foll[+ anniv]s>y ! di>i/ tells u t ,w ,b[y] came to be 8 wife's ,val5t9e1 8%e hav+ 7at :i* ,i made good sport to myself7 held h] h&s all ! morn+1 t %e might n see ! pa9t]s t 7 at "w gild+ my *imney-piece & pictures 9 my d9+-room40 ,x w\ld seem1 moreov]1 t a man 0 n free f ! pleas+ pa9s ( ,val5t9e%ip :5 ! fe/ival day 0 ov]4 ,on ,%rove ,tuesday1 ,m>* #crd1 #affc1 aft] d9n]1 says ,pepys1 8,mrs4 ,!4 %[$ me my "n ^u h] brea/ z h] ,val5t9e1 :i*10 he add$1 8w co/ me #cjs40 ,aga91 9 #affg1 a =tnight aft] ! actual day ,pepys 0 ) 8 wife at ! ,ex*ange1 8& !re b\ght ?+s = ,mrs4 ,pi]ce's little daught]1 my ,val5t9e 7:i*10 he says1 8,i 0 n sorry =1 x eas+ me ( some?+ m ?an ,i mu/ h giv5 to o!rs71 & s to h] h\se1 :]e we f9d ,knipp1 :o also *all5g$ me = h] ,val5t9e20 ( c\rse1 ,pepys _h to pay ! usual homage 9 ackn[l$gm5t ( su* *oice4 ,!n1 z ,pepys _h a little girl = ,val5t9e1 s boys 7 welcom$ to e>ly gallantry by ! ladies4 ,a ?or\ghly dome/ic sc5e is reveal$ to u on ,val5t9e's ,day1 #affe3 8,?is morn+ comes betimes ,dickie ,p51 to be my wife's ,val5t9e1 & came to our b$side4 ,by ! same tok51 ,i _h be5 br\ght to my b$side ?9k+ to h made him kiss me2 b he p]ceiv$ me1 & w\ld n1 s w5t to 8 ,val5t9e--a notable1 /\t1 witty boy40 ,:5 a lady drew a ,val5t9e1 a g5tleman s drawn w\ld h be5 deem$ %abby if he did n accept ! hon\r & responsibility4 ,on ! #ad? ,febru>y1 #affg1 we h ! foll[+3 8,?is morn+ call$ up by ,mr4 ,hill1 :o1 my wife ?\ght1 _h come to be h] ,val5t9e--%e1 x seems1 hav+ drawn him2 b x prov$ n4 ,h[ev]1 call+ him up to our b$side1 my wife *all5g$ him40 ,:]e m5 c\ld ?us intrude1 boys l ,dickie ,p5 c\ld boldly g4 ,?us 9 #affg3 8,?is morn+ came up to my wife's b$side little ,w ,m]c]1 to be h] ,val5t9e2 & br\ght h] "n writ ^u blue pap]1 9 gold lett]s1 done by himself v pretty2 & we 7 bo? well pleas$ ) x40 ,! draw+ ( names & "n-inscriptions 7 remnants ( old cu/oms be=e ! ,*ri/ian era4 ,alban ,butl]1 "u ! head ( 8,/4 ,val5t9e1 ,prie/ & ,m>tyr10 says3 8,to aboli% ! hea!ns' lewd1 sup]/iti\s cu/om ( boys draw+ ! names ( girls 9 hon\r ( _! goddess1 ,februata ,juno1 on ! #ae? ( ! mon? 7! draw+ be+ on ! eve ( ! #ad?71 sev]al zeal\s pa/ors sub/itut$ ! names ( sa9ts 9 billets giv5 on ?is day40 ,?is does n1 h[ev]1 seem to h tak5 place till ! "t ( ,/4 ,francis de ,sales1 :o1 9 ! beg9n+ ( ! sev5te5? c5tury1 z we are told 9 8 ,life1 8sev]ely =bade ! cu/om ( ,val5t9es1 or giv+ boys 9 writ+ ! names ( girls to be admir$ or att5d$ on by !m2 & to aboli% x1 he *ang$ x into giv+ billets ) ! names ( c]ta9 sa9ts = !m to hon\r & imitate 9 a p>ticul> mann]40 ,to ! draw+ ( names--^? ( ! sa9ts gave way to liv+ objects ( adoration--0 fir/ add$1 9 #affg1 a cu/om out ( :i* has sprung ! mod]n epi/ol>y ,val5t9e4 ,9 ! ,febru>y ( t ye> ,pepys writes3 8,i d fir/ obs]ve ! fa%ion ( draw+ ( mottoes z well z names2 s t ,pi]ce1 :o drew my wife's1 did draw also a motto1 #8mo/ c\rte\s & mo/ fair2' :i*1 z x may be us$1 or an anagram made ^u ea* "n1 might be v pretty40 ,! ,val5t9es ( *ance 7 ^? :o drew names2 ! ,val5t9es by *oice 7 made by ^? :o c\ld n op5 _! eyes on ,val5t9e's morn till ! "o he or %e mo/ desir$ to see 0 ne>4 ,! "o by *ance sometimes prov$ to be ! "o by *oice also1 & su* 7 true ,val5t9es4 ,n4 ,q4 #d? ,s4 vol4 xi4 p4 #abi1 #acj4 ,p5nant1 9 8 ,t\r 9 ,scotl&1 tells u t 9 ,febru>y "y p]sons draw ,val5t9es1 & f !nce collect _! future =tune 9 ! nuptial /ate2 & ,goldsmi?1 9 8 ,vic> ( ,wakefield1 describ+ ! mann]s ( "s p>ties1 tells u !y s5t true-love knots on ,val5t9e morn+4 ,/4 ,val5t9e's ,day is allud$ to by ,%akspe>e & by ,*auc]1 & also by ! poet ,lydgate1 ! monk ( ,bury 7:o di$ 9 #addj74 ,"o ( ! e>lie/ kn[n writ]s ( ,val5t9es 0 ,*>les1 ,duke ( ,orleans1 :o 0 tak5 at ! ,battle ( ,ag9c\rt4 ,see ,e ,day ,book1 vol4 i4 p4 #bae4 ,a s+ul> cu/om prevail$ _m ye>s ago 9 ! we/ ( ,engl&4 ,?ree s+le "y m5 w5t out toge!r be=e daylight on ,/4 ,val5t9e's ,day1 ) a clap-net to cat* an old owl & two sp>r[s 9 a neighb\r+ b>n4 ,if !y 7 successful & c\ld br+ ! birds )\t injury to ! inn be=e ! females ( ! h\se _h ris51 !y 7 rew>d$ by ! ho/ess ) ?ree pots ( purl 9 hon\r ( ,/4 ,val5t9e1 & enjoy$ ! privilege ( dem&+ at any h\se 9 ! neighb\rhood a simil> boon4 ,?is 0 done z an emblem t ! owl1 be+ ! bird ( wisdom1 c\ld influ5ce ! fea!r$ race to ent] ! net ( love z mates on t day1 :]eon bo? s+le lads & maid5s %\ld be rem9d$ t happ9ess c\ld alone be secur$ by an e>ly union4--,e ,day ,book1 vol4 i4 p4 #bbg4 ,,cambridge%ire4 ,9 ! village ( ,dux=d & o!r adjo9+ p>i%es ! cu/om ( 8val5t9+0 is /ill 9 feeble exi/5ce4 ,! *ildr5 g 9 a body r\nd to ! p>sonage & ! f>m-h\ses1 s++3 8,curl y\r looks z ,i d m9e1 ,two be=e & ?ree beh9d1 ,s good morn+1 ,val5t9e4 ,hurra6 ,hurra6 ,hurra60 ,!y />t ab\t #i ,a4,m4 on _! exp$ition1 :i* mu/ be f9i%$ by noon2 o!rwise _! s++ is n ackn[l$g$ 9 any way4 ,9 "s few cases ! donor gives ea* *ild a halfp5ny1 o!rs ?r[ f _! doors ! copp]s !y feel dispos$ to "p ) among/ ! little b& ( *ori/]s1 :i* are eag]ly scrambl$ aft]4--,! ,antiqu>y1 #ahgc1 vol4 iii4 p4 #ajc4 ,,d]by%ire4 ,! foll[+ cu/oms1 :i* h ne>ly di$ out1 7 v preval5t ab\t fifty or sixty ye>s ago3 ,val5t9e ,deal+4--,ea* "y woman 9 ! h\se w\ld procure sev]al slips ( pap]1 & write ^u !m ! names ( ! "y m5 %e knew1 or ^? %e _h a pref]5ce =4 ,! slips :5 ready 7 put into a boot or %oe 7a man's71 or else into a hat1 & %ak5 up4 ,ea* lassie !n put 9 h] h& & drew a slip1 :i* %e read & reta9$ until e "o _h drawn4 ,! slips 7 !n put back & ! draw+ done ov] aga91 :i* c]emony 0 p]=m$ ?ree times4 ,if a girl drew ! same slip ?rice1 %e 0 sure to be m>ri$ 9 a %ort "t1 & to a p]son ( ! same "n z t :i* 0 writt5 ^u ! ?rice drawn slip4 ,look+ ?r\gh ! ,keyhole4--,on ! e>ly morn ( ,/4 ,val5t9e1 "y wom5 w\ld look ?r\gh ! keyhole ( ! h\se door4 ,if !y saw only a s+le object or p]son !y w\ld rema9 unm>ri$ all t ye>4 ,if !y saw1 h[ev]1 two or m objects or p]sons1 !y w\ld be sure to h a swee!>t1 & t 9 no di/ant "t2 b if =tune s fav\r$ !m t by *ance !y saw a cock & a h51 !y might be q c]ta9 ( be+ m>ri$ be=e ! ye> 0 out4 ,sweep+ ! girls 0 ano!r real old ,d]by%ire cu/om4 ,if a girl did n h a kiss1 or if h] swee!>t did n come to see h] e>ly on ?is morn+1 x 0 because %e 0 du/y1 & !re=e x 0 ne$ful t %e %\ld be well swept ) a broom1 & !n aft]w>ds equally well kiss$ by ! "y m5 ( ! h\se1 & ^? liv+ ne>1 :o us$ to g r\nd to _! intimate fri5ds' h\ses to p]=m ?is cu/om4--,n4 ,q4 #d? ,s4 vol4 ix4 p4 #ace4 ,,h]e=d%ire4 ,9 _m p>ts ! poor & middl+ classes ( *ildr5 assemble toge!r 9 "s "p ( ! t[n or village :]e !y live1 & proce$ 9 a body to ! h\se ( ! *ief p]sonage ( ! place1 :o1 on _! arrival1 ?r[s !m wrea?s & true lov]s' knots f ! w9d[1 ) :i* !y adorn !mselves4 ,two or ?ree ( ! girls !n select "o ( ! y\nge/ among !m 7g5]ally a boy71 :om !y deck out m gaily ?an ! re/1 & plac+ him at _! head1 m>* =w>d1 s++ z !y g along3 8,good morr[ to y1 ,val5t9e2 ,curl y\r locks z ,i d m9e1 ,two be=e & ?ree beh9d4 ,good morr[ to y1 ,val5t9e40 ,?is !y repeat "u ! w9d[s ( all ! h\ses !y pass1 & ! inhabitant is seldom kn[n to refuse a mite t[>ds ! m]ry solicit+s ( ^! juv5ile s]5ad]s4--,hone's ,ye> ,book1 #ahch1 p4 #bja4 ,,k5t4 ,! foll[+ extract is tak5 f ! ,g5tleman's ,magaz9e1 #aggi1 vol4 xlix4 p4 #acg3 8,be+ on a visit 9 a little obscure village 9 ,k5t1 ,i f\nd an odd k9d ( sport go+ =w>d3 ! girls1 f eighte5 to five or six ye>s old1 7 assembl$ 9 a cr[d1 & burn+ an unc\? effigy1 :i* !y call$ an holly-boy1 & :i* x seems !y _h /ol5 f ! boys1 & 9 ano!r "p ( ! village ! boys 7 assembl$ toge!r1 & burn+ :at !y call$ an ivy-girl1 :i* !y _h /ol5 f ! girls2 all ?is c]emony 0 accompani$ ) l\d huzzas1 noise1 & acclamation40 ,,norfolk4 ,indep5d5t ( ! homage paid to ,/4 ,val5t9e on ?is day at ,lynn1 x is 9 o!r respects a r$-lett] day among/ all classes ( its inhabitants1 be+ ! comm5cem5t ( its great annual m>t4 ,?is m>t 0 grant$ by a *>t] ( ,h5ry ,,viii4 9 ! tw5ty-sev5? ye> ( 8 reign1 8to beg9 on ! day next aft] ! fea/ ( ! purification ( ! bless$ ,virg9 ,m>y1 & to cont9ue six days next foll[+40 ,s9ce ! alt]ation ( ! /yle1 9 #ageb1 x has be5 proclaim$ on ,val5t9e's ,day4 ,ab\t noon1 ! ,mayor & ,corporation1 prec$$ by a b& ( music1 & att5d$ by twelve decrepit old m51 call$ f _! dress 8,r$ ,coats10 walk 9 procession to proclaim ! m>t1 conclud+ by op5+ ! antiquat$ & almo/ obsolete c\rt ( 8,piep[d]40 ,l mo/ e/abli%m5ts ( ?is nature1 x is no long] att5d$ = ! purpose x 0 fir/ grant$1 bus9ess hav+ yield$ to pleasure & amusem5t4 ,=m]ly ,lynn m>t & ,/\rbridge 7,/irbit*7 fair1 7 ! only places :]e small trad]s 9 ?is & ! adjo9+ c\nties suppli$ !mselves ) _! respective goods4 ,no transactions ( ?is nature n[ take place1 & ! only rema9s to be p]ceiv$ are ! 8m>t prices10 /ill issu$ by ! groc]s4 ,"h ! ?rifty h\sewives1 = tw5ty miles r\nd1 laid 9 _! annual /ore ( soap1 />*1 c41 & ! boo? ( ,gre51 f ,limeh\se1 0 = ?ree g5]ations ! emporium ( su* articles2 b ^! no long] att5d4 ,a great deal ( money is h[ev] sp5t1 z imm5se numb]s ( p]sons assemble f all p>ts4 ,nei!r is !re any lack ( incitem5ts to unbur!n ! pockets3 animals ( e description1 tame & wild1 giants & dw>fs1 tumbl]s1 juggl]s1 peep-%[s1 c41 all unite _! attractive p[]s1 9 s\nds m discordant ?an ^? :i* annoy$ ! e>s ( ,hog>?'s 8enrag$ musician40 ,9 ! e>ly "p ( ! la/ c5tury1 an old build+1 :i*1 be=e ! ,re=mation1 _h be5 a hall belong+ to ! guild ( ,/4 ,george1 aft] be+ appli$ to v>i\s uses1 0 fitt$ up z a !atre 7&1 by a curi\s co9cid5ce1 :]e =m]ly _h d\btless be5 exhibit$1 z 0 cu/om>y at ! guild fea/s1 religi\s my/]ies & pageants ( ! ,ca?olic age1 aga9 7 exhibit$ ! my/]ies & pageants ( ! ,prote/ant age7 dur+ ! m>t & a few weeks aft]w>ds1 b app>5tly ) no great success4--,e ,day ,book1 vol4 ii4 p4 #bbc4 ,9 ! p>i% ( ,ryburgh x is cu/om>y = ! *ildr5 to g r\nd to ! h\ses 9 ! village = contributions1 say+3 8,god bless ! bak]2 ,if y w be ! giv]1 ,i w be ! tak]40 ,n4 ,q4 #d? ,s4 vol4 v4 p4 #eie4 ,,nor?ampton%ire4 ,9 ?is c\nty *ildr5 g f h\se to h\se1 on ! morn+ ( ,/4 ,val5t9e's ,day1 solicit+ small gratuities4 ,! *ildr5 ( ! villages g 9 p>ties1 sometimes 9 consid]able numb]s1 repeat+ at ea* h\se ! foll[+ salutations1 :i* v>y 9 diff]5t di/ricts3#ah 8,good morr[1 ,val5t9e6 ,fir/ x's y\rs1 & !n x's m9e1 ,s please give me a ,val5t9e40 8,morr[1 morr[1 ,val5t9e6 ,fir/ 'tis y\rs1 & !n 'tis m9e1 ,s please to give me a ,val5t9e4 ,holly & ivy tickle my toe1 ,give me r$ apples & let me g40 8,good morr[1 ,val5t9e6 ,p>sley gr[s by sav\ry1 ,sav\ry gr[s by ?yme1 ,a new pair ( gloves on ,ea/] day4 ,good morr[1 ,val5t9e60 #ah ,see ,hi/ory & ,antiquities ( ,we/on ,favell 7#ahbg1 p4 #f74 ,br& 9 8 ,pop4 ,antiq4 m5tions ?is cu/om z exi/+ 9 ,ox=d%ire4--#ahdi1 vol4 i4 p4 #fj4 ,x 0 =m]ly cu/om>y = "y p to cat* _! p>5ts & ea* o!r on _! fir/ meet+ on ,/4 ,val5t9e's morn+4 ,cat*+ 0 no m ?an ! exclamation1 8,good morr[1 ,val5t9e60 & !y :o c\ld repeat ?is be=e !y 7 spok5 to1 7 entitl$ to a small pres5t f _! p>5ts or ! eld]ly p]sons ( ! family2 consequ5tly !re 0 great eag]ness to rise e>ly1 & mu* good-natur$ /rife & m]rim5t on ! occasion4#ai #ai ,! cu/om 0 obs]v$ at ,norfolk4--,br&1 ,pop4 ,antiq4 vol4 i4 p4 #fj4 ,9 ,pet]bor\gh & 9 "s ( ! villages 9 ! nor!rn "p ( ! c\nty sweet plum buns 7 =m]ly giv51 & ,i believe are /ill made1 call$ ,val5t9e buns2 & ^! buns1 ,i am told1 are 9 "s villages giv5 by godfa!rs & godmo!rs to _! god*ildr5 on ! ,sunday prec$+ & ! ,sunday foll[+ ,/4 ,val5t9e's ,day4--,bak]1 ,gloss>y ( ,nor?ampton%ire ,words & ,phrases1 #ahed1 vol4 ii4 p4 #cgc4 ,,nott+ham%ire4 ,draw+ lots or billets = ,val5t9es is a cu/om obs]v$ 9 ! neighb\rhood ( ,mansfield1 :]e a few "y m5 & maid5s meet toge!r1 & hav+ put ea* _! own "n on a slip ( pap]1 !y are all plac$ toge!r 9 a hat or basket1 & drawn 9 regul> rotation4 ,%\ld a "y man draw a girl's "n1 & %e 81 x is consid]$ om9\s1 & n unfrequ5tly ends 9 real love & a w$d+4--,j\r4 ( ! ,ar*4 ,assoc4 #ahec1 vol4 viii4 p4 #bca4 ,,ox=d%ire4 ,9 ?is c\nty ! foll[+ rhymes 7 us$3 8,good morr[1 ,val5t9e6 ,i be ?9e1 & ?\ be'/ m9e1 ,s please give me a ,val5t9e60 ,also 8,good morr[1 ,val5t9e6 ,god bless y ev]6 ,if y'll be true to me1 ,i'll be ! l to !e4 ,old ,engl& = ev]60 ,also 8,good morr[1 ,val5t9e1 ,fir/ 'tis y\rs1 !n 'tis m9e1 ,s please give me a ,val5t9e40 ,! ,antiqu>y1 #ahgc1 vol4 iii4 p4 #ajg2 ,br&1 ,pop4 ,antiq4 #ahdi1 vol4 i4 p4 #fj4 ,,york%ire4 8,on ,val5t9e's ,day10 says ,cl>kson 7,hi/4 ( ,ri*mond1 #ahba1 p4 #bic71 8! c]emony ( draw+ lots call$ ,val5t9es is seldom omitt$4 ,! names ( a select numb] ( "o sex ) an equal numb] ( ! o!r are put into a vessel1 & e "o draws a "n1 :i* is call$ _! ,val5t9e2 & :i* is look$ ^u z a good om5 ( _! be+ aft]w>ds unit$40 ,,m>*4 #a4 ,,/4 ,,david',s ,,day4 ,v>i\s attempts h be5 made to acc\nt = ! cu/om ( we>+ ! leek4 ,ow51 9 8 ,cambrian ,biography 7#ahjc71 consid]s x to h orig9at$ f ! cu/om ( cymhor?a1 or ! neighb\rly aid practis$ among f>m]s4 ,he says t x 0 once cu/om>y 9 "s di/ricts ( ,s\? ,wales = all ! neighb\rs ( a small f>m] )\t means to appo9t a day1 :5 !y all met toge!r = ! purpose ( pl\gh+ 8 l&1 or r5d]+ him any s]vice 9 _! p[]4 ,on su* an occasion ea* individual c>ri$ ) him 8 portion ( leeks to be us$ 9 mak+ ! pottage = ! company4 ,"s also are ( op9ion t ! practice took its rise 9 consequ5ce ( a victory obta9$ by ,cadwallo ov] ! ,saxons on ! #a/ ( ,m>*1 #fdj1 :5 ! ,wel%1 to di/+ui% !mselves1 wore leeks 9 _! hats4 ,%akespe>e introduces ! cu/om into 8 play ( ,h5ry ,v41 act iv4 sc4 #g4 ,fluell9 address+ ! mon>* says3 8,y\r gr&fa!r ( fam\s memory1 an't please y\r maje/y1 & y\r great uncle ,edw>d ! plack pr9ce ( ,wales1 z ,i h read 9 ! *ronicles1 f\ght a mo/ prave pattle "h 9 ,france4 8,k4 ,h54 ,!y did1 ,fluell94 8,flu4 ,y\r maje/y says v true3 if y\r maje/y is rememb]$ ( x1 ! ,wel%m5 did goot s]vice 9 a g>d5 :]e leeks did gr[1 we>+ leeks 9 _! ,monm\? caps2 :i*1 y\r maje/y kn[s1 to ?is h\r is an hon\rable padge ( ! s]vice2 & ,i d believe y\r maje/y takes no scorn to we> ! leek ^u ,sa9t ,tavy's day40 ,?is allusion by ,fluell9 to ! ,wel% hav+ worn ! leek 9 a battle "u ! ,black ,pr9ce1 is n1 z "s writ]s suppose1 :olly decisive ( its hav+ orig9at$ 9 ! fields ( ,cressy or ,poicti]s1 b %[s t :5 ,%akespe>e wrote ,wel%m5 wore leeks4 ,9 ! same play ! well-rememb]$ ,fluell9's en=cem5t ( ,pi/ol to eat ! leek he _h ridicul$1 fur!r e/abli%es ! we>+ z a usage4--,e ,day ,book1 vol4 i4 p4 #cah4 ,a contributor to a p]iodical "w1 entitl$ ,gazette ( ,fa%ion 7,m>* #i?1 #ahbb71 rejects ! notion t we>+ leeks on ,/4 ,david's ,day orig9at$ at ! battle betwe5 ! ,saxons & ! ,wel% 9 ! six? c5tury2 & consid]s x m probable t leeks 7 a ,druidic symbol employ$ 9 hon\r ( ! ,briti% ,ceudv51 or ,c]es4 ,9 :i* hypo!sis he ?9ks !re is no?+ /ra9$ 9 presum+ t ! ,druids 7 a bran* ( ! ,phnician prie/hood4 ,bo? 7 addict$ to oak wor%ip2 & dur+ ! fun]eal rites ( ,adonis at ,byblos1 leeks & onions 7 exhibit$ 9 8pots ) o!r vegetables1 & call$ ! g>d5s ( t deity40 ,9 ! fifte5? c5tury1 ! celebration ( ,/4 ,david's ,day 0 hon\r$ ) ! patronage ( royalty2 & num]\s entries ( paym5ts1 su* z ! foll[+1 are record$ 9 ! 8,privy ,purse ,exp5ses ( ,h5ry ! ,sev5?10 a mon>* ^: lib]ality is n prov]bial3 8,m>* #a 7#adib74 ,wal%em5 on ,sa9t ,david ,day1 #b40 8,m>* #f 7#adid74 ,to ! ,wal%em5 t[>des _! fe/e1 #b40--,m$4 vi ,kal5d41 vol4 i4 p4 #afh4 ,f ,poor ,rob9's ,almanack = #ageg x appe>s t1 9 =m] times 9 ,engl&1 a ,wel%man 0 burnt 9 effigy on ?is anniv]s>y3 8,b x w\ld make a /rang] laugh ,to see ?' ,engli% hang poor ,taff3 ,a pair ( bree*es1 & a coat1 ,hat1 %oes1 & /ock+s1 & :at n1 ,all /uff$ ) hay to repres5t ,! ,cambrian h]o !reby meant3 ,) sword sometimes ?ree in*es broad1 ,& o!r arm\r made ( wood1 ,!y drag hur to "s publick tree1 ,& hang hur up 9 effigy40 ,to ?is cu/om ,pepys probably alludes 9 8 ,di>y = #affg 7,bohn's ,edition1 #aheh1 vol4 iii4 p4 #gfa73 8,9 ,m>k ,lane ,i d obs]ve 7x be+ ,/4 ,david's ,day7 ! picture ( a man dress$ l a ,wel%man1 hang+ by ! neck ^u "o ( ! poles t /& out at ! top ( ! m]*ant's h\ses1 9 full proportion2 & v h&somely done1 :i* is "o ( ! odde/ sights ,i h se5 a good :ile40 ,br&1 9 8 ,pop4 ,antiq4 7#ahdi1 vol4 i4 p4 #aje71 ?9ks t f ?is cu/om arose ! practice1 at "o "t 9 vogue among/ pa/rycooks1 ( hang+ or skew]+ taffies or ,wel%m5 ( g+]bread = sale on ,/4 ,david's ,day4 ,! goat has by "t-hon\r$ cu/om be5 atta*$ to ! regim5t ( ! ,royal ,wel% 7#bcrd7 ,fusili]s1 & ! foll[+ extract1 tak5 f ! ,graphic 7,no4 #aga1 ,m>*1 #h?1 #ahgc71 %[s h[ ,/4 ,david's ,day is obs]v$ by ! (fic]s & m5 ( ?is regim5t3 ,! drum-major1 z well z e man 9 ! regim5t1 we>s a leek 9 8 busby2 ! goat is dress$ ) rosettes & ribbons ( r$ & blue4 ,! (fic]s h a p>ty1 & ! drum-major1 accompani$ by ! goat1 m>*es r\nd ! table aft] d9n]1 c>ry+ a plate ( leeks1 ( :i* he (f]s "o to ea* (fic] or gue/ :o has nev] eat5 "o be=e1 & :o is b\nd to eat x up1 /&+ on 8 *air1 ) "o foot on ! table1 :ile a drumm] beats a roll beh9d 8 *air4 ,all ! toa/s giv5 are c\pl$ ) ! "n ( ,/4 ,david1 nor is ! memory ( ,toby ,purcell =gott54 ,?is wor?y 0 gazett$ major ( ! regim5t :5 x 0 fir/ rais$1 & 0 kill$ 9 ! ,battle ( ! ,boyne4 ,,middlesex4 ,/4 ,david's ,day is obs]v$ 9 ,london1 says ,hampson 7,m$4 vi ,kal5d4 vol4 i4 p4 #afh71 by ! ,*>itable ,society ( ,anci5t ,britons1 :o 7 e/abli%$ 9 #agad1 9 behalf ( ! ,wel% ,*>ity ,s*ool 9 ,gray's ,inn ,road4 ,on ?is occasion ea* man we>s an artificial leek 9 8 hat4 ,,ox=d%ire4 ,on ,/4 ,david's ,day at ,jesus ,college1 ,ox=d1 an imm5se silv] gilt b[l1 conta9+ t5 gallons1 :i* 0 pres5t$ to ! ,college by ,sir ,watk9 ,williams ,wynne 9 #agcb1 is fill$ ) 8swig10 & h&$ r\nd to ^? :o are invit$ to sit at ! fe/ive & hospitable bo>d4--,hone's ,ye> ,book1 #ahch1 p4 #bfe4 ,,wales4 ,at ,t5by "o ( ! b5efit clubs m>*$ ?r\gh ! t[n be>+ ! leek 9 _! hats4 ,9 ! ev5+ a ball took place1 at :i* artificial leeks 7 worn by bo? sexes4--,mason1 ,tales & ,traditions ( ,t5by1 #aheh1 p4 #ai4 ,,m>* #a4 ,,simnel ,,sunday4 ,simnel ,sunday is bett] kn[n z ,mid-,l5t or ,mo!r+ ,sunday1 & 0 s call$ because l>ge cakes call$ ,simnels 7 made on ?is day4 ,bailey 9 8 ,diction>y 7fol4 #agfd1 by ,scott17 says1 ,simnel is probably d]iv$ f ! ,lat9 ,simila1 f9e fl\r1 & means a sort ( cake1 or bun1 made ( f9e fl\r1 spice1 c4 ,frequ5t m5tion is made ( ! ,simnel 9 ! h\sehold all[ances ( ,h5ry ! ,fir/4 8,cancell>ius v solidos 9 die et i ,sim9ellum dom9icum1 et ii salum1 et i sext>ium de v9o cl>o1 et i sext4 de v9o exp5sabili1 et unum grossum c]eum1 et xl fru/a ,c&ell40--,libr4 ,nigr4 ,scacc>ii1 p4 #cda4 ,! 8,sim9ellum ,dom9icum10 ,he>ne ?9ks1 0 a bett] k9d ( bread#bj & t 8,sim9ellum ,salum10 f sal1 cibus1 victus1 0 ! ord9>y bread2 if x be n ! ,lat9 ,salis 7,sim9ellum ,sal9um71 9 :i* case x d5otes t m salt is conta9$ 9 x ?an 9 ! o!r4 ,if ! d]ivation f ,simnel be n satisfactory1 p]haps ! ,anglo-,saxon symbel1 a fea/ or banquet1 :5ce simbel1 dg1 a fe/ival day1 may suffice4--,m$4 vi ,kal5d4 vol4 i4 p4 #agg4 #bj ,ald]man ,wilk9son ( ,burnley1 a well kn[n able ,lanca%ire antiqu>y1 "s "t s9ce /at$ t x 8orig9ally meant ! v f9e/ bread4 ,pa9 dema9 is ano!r t]m = x1 on acc\nt ( its hav+ be5 us$ z ,sunday bread40 ,9 ,wright's ,vocabul>ies x appe>s ?us3--#8,hic artcopus1 a symnylle4' ,?is =m 0 9 use dur+ ! fifte5? c5tury4 ,9 ! ,diction>ius ( ,john de ,g>l&e1 compil$ at ,p>is 9 ! ?irte5? c5tury1 x appe>s ?us3--8,sim5eus plac5t simnels40 ,su* cakes 7 sign$ ) ! figure ( ,*ri/1 or ( ! ,virg94 ,at ,bury1 9 ,lanca%ire1 f "t beyond memory1 ?\s&s ( p]sons come f all p>ts1 & eat 8simnels0 on ,simnel ,sunday4 ,=m]ly1 ne>ly e %op 0 op51 q 9 defiance ( ! law respect+ ! clos+ dur+ 8s]vice10 b ( late1 ?r\gh ! improv$ /ate ( public op9ion1 ! disord]ly sc5es to :i* ! cu/om gave rise h be5 p>tially am5d$4 ,ef=ts h be5 repeat$ly made to put a /op to ! practice altoge!r1 b 9 va94 ,! cl]gy1 head$ by ! rector1 & ! m9i/]s ( all d5om9ations 7save ! ,romani/s7 h drawn up prote/s & pr9t$ appeals aga9/ ?is desecration1 b1 z j /at$1 ) sc>cely any visible effect4 ,x is n a little s+ul> t ! practice ( assembl+ 9 "o t[n1 ^u "o day--! middle ,sunday 9 ,l5t1 to eat simnel cake1 is a practice conf9$ to ,bury4 ,mu* lab\r has be5 exp5d$ to trace ! orig9 ( ?is cu/om1 b )\t success4--,g5t4 ,mag4 7,new ,s]ies7 #ahff1 vol4 i4 p4 #ece2 ,ba9es1 ,hi/ory ( ,lanca%ire1 #ahcf1 vol4 ii4 p4 #ggf4 ,h]rick 9 8 ,hesp]ides has ! foll[+3 8,,to ,,dianeme4 8,a ,,c]emonie ,,9 ,,gloce/]4 8,i'll to !e a ,simnell br+1 ',ga9/ ?\ g'/ a mo!r+2 ,s t1 :5 %e blesse? !e1 ,half t bless+ ?\'lt give me40 #a1 p4 #bghg4 ,aga91 ! bread call$ 8simnel bread0 is m5tion$ by ,jeho%aphat ,asp91 9 8 ,pictures ( ,mann]s1 c41 ( ,engl&1 p4 #abf1 :o quotes f a /atute ( #ea/ ( ,h5ry ,,iii43--,a f>?+ symnel 7a sort ( small cake1 twice bak$1 & also call$ a cracknel7 %\ld weigh two ounces less ?an ! wa/el 7a k9d ( cake made ) honey1 or ) meal & oil74 ,curi\s are "s ( ! tales :i* h aris5 to expla9 ! mean+ ( ! "n simnel4 ,"s pret5d t ! fa!r ( ,lamb]t ,simnel1 ! well-kn[n pret5d] 9 ! reign ( ,h5ry ,,vii41 0 a bak]1 & ! fir/ mak] ( simnels1 & t1 9 consequ5ce ( ! celebrity he ga9$ by ! acts ( 8 son1 8 cakes h reta9$ 8 "n4 ,!re is a /ory curr5t 9 ,%rop%ire1 :i* is m picturesque4 ,long ago !re liv$ an hone/ old c\ple1 boa/+ ! names ( ,simon & ,nelly1 b _! surnames are n kn[n4 ,x 0 _! cu/om at ,ea/] to ga!r _! *ildr5 ab\t !m1 & ?us meet toge!r once a ye> "u ! old home/ead4 ,! fa/+ season ( ,l5t 0 j end+1 b !y _h /ill left "s ( ! unleav5$ d\gh :i* _h be5 f "t to "t conv]t$ into bread dur+ ! =ty days4 ,nelly 0 a c>eful woman1 & x griev$ h] to wa/e any?+1 s %e sugge/$ t !y %\ld use ! rema9s ( ! l5t5 d\gh1 = ! basis ( a cake to regale ! assembl$ family4 ,simon readily agre$ to ! proposal1 & fur!r rem9d$ 8 p>tn] t !re 7 /ill "s rema9s ( _! ,*ri/mas plum-pudd+ ho>d$ up 9 ! cupbo>d1 & t ?is might =m ! int]ior1 & be an agreeable surprise to ! "y p :5 !y _h made _! way ?r\gh ! less ta/y cru/4 ,s f> all ?+s w5t on h>moni\sly2 b :5 ! cake 0 made1 a subject ( viol5t discord arose1 ,sim insi/+ t x %\ld be boil$1 :ile ,nell no less ob/9ately cont5d$ t x %\ld be bak$4 ,! dispute ran f words to bl[s1 = ,nell n *oos+ to let h] prov9ce 9 ! h\sehold be ?us int]f]$ )1 jump$ up1 & ?rew ! /ool %e 0 sitt+ on at ,sim1 :o1 on 8 "p1 seiz$ a besom1 & appli$ x ) "r good w to ! head & %\ld]s ( 8 sp\se4 ,%e n[ seiz$ ! broom1 & ! battle became s w>m1 t x might h _h a v s]i\s result1 _h n ,nell propos$ z a compromise t ! cake %\ld be boil$ fir/ & aft]w>ds bak$4 ,?is ,sim acc$$ to1 = he _h no wi% = fur!r acqua9tance ) ! heavy end ( ! broom4 ,accord+ly1 ! big pot 0 set on ! fire1 & ! /ool brok5 up & ?r[n on to boil x1 :il/ ! besom & broom furni%$ fuel = ! ov54 ,"s eggs1 :i* _h be5 brok5 9 ! scuffle1 7 us$ to coat ! outside ( ! pudd+ :5 boil$1 :i* gave x ! %9+ gloss x possesses z a cake4 ,?is new & rem>kable production 9 ! art ( confection]y became kn[n by ! "n ( ! cake ( ,simon & ,nelly1 b soon only ! fir/ half ( ea* "n 0 alone pres]v$ & jo9$ toge!r1 & x has ev] s9ce be5 kn[n z ! cake ( ,sim-,nel or ,simnel4--,book ( ,days1 vol4 i4 p4 #ccg4 ,mo!r+ ,sunday4--,9 _m p>ts ( ,engl& x 0 =m]ly cu/om>y = s]vants1 appr5tices1 & o!rs to c>ry pres5ts to _! p>5ts on ?is day4 ,?is practice 0 call$ ,go+ a-,mo!r+1 & orig9at$ 9 ! (f]+s made on ?is day at ! "m-*ur*4 ,9 ! ,g5t4 ,mag4 7vol4 liv4 p4 #ih7 a correspond5t tells u t :il/ he 0 an appr5tice ! cu/om 0 to visit 8 "m on ,mid-,l5t ,sunday 7!nce call$ ,mo!r+ ,sunday7 = a regale ( excell5t furmety4#ba #ba ,furm5ty1 ,furmity1 or ,frumity2 /ill a fav\rite di% 9 ! nor?1 consi/+ ( hull$ :eat boil$ 9 milk & season$4 ,x 0 especially a ,*ri/mas di%4 ,9 ! ,true ,g5tlewoman's ,delight1 #afgf1 p4 #ag1 ! foll[+ receipt is giv5 = mak+ furmity3 ,take a qu>t ( sweet cream1 two or ?ree sprigs ( mace1 & a nutmeg cut 9 half1 put x into y\r cream1 s let x boil2 !n take y\r ,fr5* b>ley or rice1 be+ fir/ wa%$ clean 9 fair wat] ?ree times & pick$ clean1 !n boil x 9 sweet milk till x be t5d]1 !n put x into y\r cream1 & boil x well1 & :5 x ha? boil$ a good :ile1 take ! yoke ( six or sev5 eggs1 beat !m v well to ?ick5 on a s(t fire1 boil x1 & /ir x1 = x w quickly burn2 :5 y ?9k x is boil$ en\gh sweet5 x to y\r ta/e1 & s s]ve x 9 ) rosewat] & musk-sug>1 9 ! same mann] y make x ) :eat4--,n>es' ,gloss>y 7,halliwell & ,wright71 #ahei1 vol4 i4 p4 #cdj4 ,ano!r correspond5t ( ! same j\rnal = ,may 7vol4 liv4 p4 #cdc7 says1 8,i happ5$ to reside la/ ye> ne> ,*ep/[1 9 ,monm\?%ire2 & !re1 = ! fir/ "t1 he>d ( ,mo!r+ ,sunday4 ,my inquiries into ! orig9 & mean+ ( x 7 fruitless2 b ! practice !reab\ts 0 = s]vants & appr5tices on ,mid-,l5t ,sunday to visit _! p>5ts1 & make !m a pres5t ( money1 a tr9ket1 or "s nice eatable2 & !y are anxi\s n to fail 9 ?is cu/om40 ,a mo!r+-cake is allud$ to 9 ,coll9s's ,miscellanies1 #agfb1 p4 #aad3 8,:y1 rot !e1 ,dick6 see ,dundry's ,peak ,lucks l a %ugg>d mo!r9'-cake40 ,a sort ( spic$ ale call$ ,braggot1 ,bragget1 or ,braggat1 0 us$ 9 _m p>ts ( ,lanca%ire on ^! visits ( relations1 :5ce ! day 0 call$ ,braggot ,sunday4 ,9 ,n>es' ,gloss>y 7,halliwell & ,wright1 #ahei1 vol4 i4 p4 #ajb7 ! foll[+ receipt = mak+ bragget is giv5 f ! ,hav5 ( ,heal?1 *ap4 #bci1 p4 #bfh3 ,take ?ree or f\r galons ( good ale1 or m z y please1 two dayes or ?ree aft] x is d5s$1 & put x into a pot by itselfe2 !n draw =? a pottle !re(1 & put to x a qu>t ( good ,engli% honey1 & set !m ov] ! fire 9 a vessell1 & let !m boyle faire & s(tly1 & alwayes z any fro? arise? skumme x away1 & s cl>ifie x1 & :5 x is well cl>ifi$1 take x (f ! fire & let x coole1 & put !reto ( pepp] a p5nywor?1 cloves1 mace1 g+]1 nutmegs1 c9amon1 ( ea* two p5nywor?1 beat5 to p[d]1 /ir !m well toge!r1 & set !m ov] ! fire to boyle aga9e a:ile1 !n br+ milke w>me1 put x to ! re/e1 & /irre alltoge!r1 & let x /& two or ?ree daies1 & put b>me ^u x1 & dr9k x at y\r pleasure4 ,m9%5 9 8 ,ductor 9 ,l+uas 7#afag1 p4 #ej7 tells u t ,braggot is compos$ ( two ,wel% words1 ,brg1 malt1 & ,gots1 honeycombs4 ,9 ,b5 ,jonson's masque ( ! ,metamorphos$ ,gipsies is ! foll[+ ref]5ce to ?is ^w3 8,& we h s]v'd !re1 arm$ all 9 ale1 ,) ! br[n b[l1 & *>g'd 9 braggat /ale40 ,on ?is day also boys w5t ab\t 9 anci5t times into ! villages ) a figure ( dea? made ( /raw1 f :5ce !y 7 g5]ally driv5 by ! c\ntry p1 :o dislik$ x z an om9\s appe>ance1 :ile "s gave !m money to get ! mawk9 c>ri$ (f4 ,its precise mean+ "u t =m is d\btful1 ?\gh x seems likely to h purport$ ! dea? ( w9t]1 & to h be5 only a "p ( ano!r c]emony conduct$ by a l>g] numb] ( boys1 f :om ! dea? c>ri]s 7 a deta*m5t1 & :o consi/$ ( a l>ge assemblage c>ry+ two figures to repres5t ,spr+ & ,w9t]4 ,^! two figures !y bore ab\t1 & f\ght2 9 ! fight1 ,summ] or ,spr+ got ! victory ov] ,w9t]1 & ?us 0 allegoriz$ ! dep>ture or burial ( ! dea? ( ! ye>1 & its comm5cem5t or revival z ,spr+4--,e ,day ,book1 vol4 i4 p4 #ceh4 ,9 ! nor? ( ,engl&1 & also 9 ! ,midl& ,c\nties1 ! foll[+ names are giv5 to ! ,sundays ( ,l5t1 ! fir/ ( :i* h[ev] is anonym\s3 8,tid1 ,mid1 ,mis]a1 ,c>l+1 ,palm1 ,pa/e ,egg-day40 ,ano!r v]sion ( ?is c\plet is giv5 9 ! ,g5t4 ,mag41 #aghh1 vol4 lviii4 p4 #bhh4 8,tid1 & ,mid1 & ,mis]a1 ,c>l+1 ,palm1 & ,good-,pas-,day40 ,! fir/ ?ree names are no d\bt corruptions ( "s "p ( ! anci5t ,lat9 s]vice or psalms us$ on ea*4--,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq4 #ahdi1 vol4 i4 p4 #aaf2 see ! ,fe/a ,anglo-,romana1 #afgh4 ,9 ! ,g5t4 ,mag4 7#aghe1 p4 #ggi7 an adv]tisem5t = ! regulation ( ,new>k fair is quot$1 :i* m5tions t 8,c>e+ ,fair w be held on ,friday be=e ,c>e+ ,sunday20 & ,ni*ols rem>ks on ?is passage t he _h he>d ! foll[+ old ,nott+ham%ire c\plet3 8,c>e ,sunday1 ,c>e away1 ,palm ,sunday & ,ea/] ,day40 --,ibid4 p4 #aac4 ,,lanca%ire4 ,fig-pies1 or1 z !y are call$ 9 ?is c\ntry1 8fag-pies10 are1 or 71 eat5 on a ,sunday 9 ,l5t1 !nce kn[n z ,fag-pie ,sunday4--,n4 ,q4 #bnd ,s4 vol4 i4 p4 #cbb4 ,,/af=d%ire4 ,fig-pie ,wake is kept 9 ! p>i% ( ,draycot-9-!-,moors & 9 ! neighb\r+ villages on ,mid-,l5t ,sunday4 ,! fig-pies are made ( dry figs1 sug>1 treacle1 spice1 etc42 !y are r too lusci\s = ^? :o are n 8to ! mann] born40 ,b yet on ?is ,sunday1 ! fri5ds ( ! p>i%ion]s come to visit !m1 & to eat _! fig-pies4--,n4 ,q4 #bnd ,s4 vol1 i4 p4 #bbg4 ,,fir/ ,,monday ,,9 ,,m>*4 ,,b]k%ire ,,& ,,hamp%ire4 ,! fir/ ,monday 9 ,m>* be+ ! "t :5 %oemak]s 9 ! c\ntry cease f work+ by c&le-light1 x us$ to be cu/om>y = !m to meet toge!r 9 ! ev5+ = ! purpose ( wett+ ! block4 ,on ^! occasions ! ma/] ei!r provid$ a supp] = 8 m51 or made !m a pres5t ( money or dr9k2 ! re/ ( ! exp5se 0 defray$ by subscriptions among !mselves1 & sometimes by donations f cu/om]s4 ,aft] ! supp] 0 end$1 ! block c&le/ick 0 plac$ 9 ! mid/1 ! %op c&le 0 light$1 & all ! glasses be+ fill$1 ! olde/ h& 9 ! %op p\r$ ! cont5ts ( 8 glass ov] ! c&le to ext+ui% x2 ! re/ !n drank ! cont5ts ( !irs /&+1 & gave ?ree *e]s4 ,! meet+ 0 usually kept to a late h\r4#bb--;,e ,day ,book1 vol4 ii4 p4 #dgj4 #bb ,9 "s places ?is cu/om took place on ,ea/] ,monday4 ,,friday ,,9 ,,lide4 ,,cornwall4 ,! fir/ ,friday 9 ,m>* is s call$ f lide1 ,anglo-,saxon = ,m>*4 ,?is day is m>k$ by a s]io-comic cu/om ( s5d+ a "y lad on ! highe/ m\nd or hillock ( ! "w1 & all[+ him to sleep !re z long z he c2 ! l5g? ( 8 sie/a be+ ! measure ( ! aft]noon nap = ! t9n]s ?r\gh\t ! ensu+ twelve mon?s4 ,! wea!r :i* usually *>act]izes ,friday 9 ,lide is1 x ne$ sc>cely be said1 n v conducive to prolong$ sleep4 ,9 ,saxon times lab\r]s 7 g5]ally all[$ _! mid-day sleep2 & x has be5 obs]v$ t x is ev5 n[ p]mitt$ to husb&m5 9 "s p>ts ( ,ea/ ,cornwall dur+ a /at$ portion ( ! ye>4 ,br[ne appe>s to allude to ?is practice 9 ,devon%ire1 :5 he says 9 ! ?ird song ( 8 fir/ book1 9 ref]5ce to ! song-birds 9 ! woodl&3 8,^: pleas+ noates ! tyr$ swa9e h made ,to /eale a nap at noontide 9 ! %ade40 ,br&1 ,pop4 ,antiq4 #ahgj1 vol4 i4 p4 #fd4 ,,m>* #c4 ,,scotl&4 ,s9clair1 9 8 ,/ati/ical ,acc\nt ( ,scotl& 7#agie1 vol4 xvi4 p4 #dfj71 says1 8,at ,s&wick ! p d no "w on ! ?ird day ( ,m>*1 9 commemoration ( ! day on :i* ! *ur* ( ,s&wick 0 consecrat$2 &1 z ! *ur* 0 d$icat$ to ,/4 ,pet]1 !y also ab/a9 f work+ = !mselves on ,/4 ,pet]'s day 7#bi? ,june71 b !y w "w = ano!r p]son :o employs !m40 ,,m>* #e4 ,,/4 ,,piran',s ,,day4 ,,cornwall4 ,! t9n]s obs]ve ?is day1 says ,hit*9s 9 8 ,hi/ory ( ,cornwall 7#ahdd1 vol4 i4 p4 #gbe71 z a holiday1 :i* !y call ,/4 ,piran's ,day4 ,?is1 by a cu/om e/abli%$ f "t immemorial1 sanctions a susp5sion f all lab\r1 because ,/4 ,piran is suppos$ to h communicat$ "s important in=mation relative to ! t9 manufacture4 ,,m>* #h4 ,,c>e ,,sunday4 ,?is day1 ! anci5t ,passion ,sunday1 is ! fif? ,sunday aft] ,%rove ,tuesday4 ,! ^w ,c>e1 :i* is also appli$ to ,*ri/mas ,cakes1 has be5 a /umbl+-block to etymologi/s4 ,! foll[+ rem>ks respect+ its d]ivation are tak5 f ,hampson's ,m$4 vi ,kal5d4 7#ahda1 vol4 i4 p4 #agh73--,t4 ,m>es*all obs]ves t ! day on :i* ,*ri/ suff]$1 is call$ 9 ,g]man bo? ,gute ,freytag & ,k>r ,freytag1 & t ,k>r signifi$ a satisfaction = a f9e or p5alty4 ,adelung speak+ ( ,*>freytag 7,c>e or ,c>r ,friday7 & ,*>wo*e 7,c>e or ,c>r-week71 obs]ves t ! fir/ syllable is suppos$ to be ! old ,c>a1 prep>ation 7,zub]eitung71 & t ?is week1 con=mably to ! usage ( ! ,jews1 0 call$ ,prep>ation ,week 7,zub]eitungswo*e7 because ! six? day 0 ,prep>ation day 7,zub]eitung/ag71 :5 ! ,jews prep>$ !mselves = ,ea/]4 ,h5ce ! ,greeks call$ ,c>friday1 ,dies ,p>asceves1 ( :i* ! ,go?ic ,g>tag1 or ,g>freytag is a translation4 ,tatian 7,cap4 #eh7 names ! ,friday be=e ,ea/] 8,g>otag =a ,o/rum10 & r5d]s ! phrase1 8,my he>t is prep>$10 8,k>o i/ me9 h]za40 ,s*ill]'s op9ion1 h[ev]1 t ,*>1 ,k>1 signifies m\rn+1 compla9t1 sorr[1 has equal probability2 = x appe>s f anci5t manuscripts t ,c> =m]ly bore ! signification ( ,c>e or grief1 & 9 ,sw$51 :]e ! fif? ,sunday 9 ,l5t is d5om9at$ ,ka]sunnutag1 ! v]b ,kra is actually to lam5t1 to compla94 ,dr4 ,jameson1 adopt+ ! op9ion ( ,m>es*all1 obs]ves1 8,?is "n may h be5 impos$ 9 ref]5ce to ! satisfaction made by our ,savi\r4 ,"s1 h[ev]1 und]/& x1 z ref]r+ to ! accusations br\ght aga9/ him on ?is day1 f ! ,sueo-,go?ic ,kra1 to compla940--,etymol4 ,dict41 ,art4 ,c>e ,sunday4 ,on ?is day1 9 ! nor!rn c\nties1 & 9 ,scotl&1 a cu/om obta9s ( eat+ ,c>l+s1 :i* are grey peas1 /eep$ all night 9 wat]1 & fri$ ! next day ) butt]3 8,!re'll be all ! lads & lassies ,set d[n 9 ! mid/ ( ! ha'1 ,) syb[s1 & ryf>ts1 & c>l+s ,t are ba? sodd5 & raw40 ,ritson's ,scotti% ,songs1 vol4 i4 p4 #baa4 ,z to ! orig9 ( ?is cu/om1 ,br& 7,pop4 ,antiq4 #ahdi1 vol4 i4 p4 #aad7 (f]s ! foll[+ explanation3--8,9 ! ,roman ,cal5d>1 ,i f9d x obs]v$ on ?is day1 t a dole is made ( s(t beans4 ,i c h>dly ent]ta9 a d\bt b t our cu/om is d]iv$ f h5ce4 ,x 0 usual among ! ,romani/s to give away beans 9 ! doles at fun]als2 x 0 also a rite 9 ! fun]al c]emonies ( hea!n ,rome4 ,:y we h sub/itut$ peas ,i "k n1 unless x 0 because !y are a pulse some:at fitt] to be eat5 at ?is season ( ! ye>40 ,hav+ obs]v$ f ,erasmus t ,plut>* held pulse 7legum9a7 to be ( ! highe/ efficacy 9 invocation ( ! ,manes1 he adds3 8,ridicul\s & absurd z ^! sup]/itions may appe>1 x is q c]ta9 t ,c>l+s d$uce _! orig9 f !nce40 ,?is explanation1 h[ev]1 is by no means reg>d$ z satisfactory4 ,hone 7,e ,day ,book1 #ahbf1 vol4 i4 p4 #cgi7 says1 ,h[ is x t ,c>e ,sunday is also call$ ,c>l & ,c>l+ ,sunday2 & t ! peas1 or beans ( ! day are call$ ,c>l+s8 ,c>le1 :i* means a ,*urle1 or rude boori% fell[1 0 anci5tly ! t]m = a work+ c\ntryman or lab\r]2 & x is only alt]$ 9 ! spell+1 )\t ! slighte/ deviation 9 s5se1 f ! old ,saxon ^w ,ceorl1 ! "n = a husb&man4 ,! old] d5om9ation ( ! day1 !n1 may n h be5 ,c>e1 b ,c>l ,sunday1 f ! b5efactions to ! ,c>les or ,c>l54 ,a correspond5t ( ,notes ,qu]ies 7#a/ ,s4 vol4 iii4 #ddi7 tells u t on ! nor?-ea/ coa/ ( ,engl&1 :]e ! cu/om ( fry+ dry peas on ?is day is att5d$ ) mu* augury1 "s ascribe its orig9 to ! loss ( a %ip freight$ ) peas on ! coa/ ( ,nor?umb]l&4 ,c>l+ is ! f\ndation beam ( a %ip1 or ! beam on ! keel4 ,,cambridge%ire4 ,9 sev]al villages 9 ! vic9ity ( ,wisbea*1 9 ! ,isle ( ,ely1 ! fif? ,sunday 9 ,l5t has be51 "t immemorial1 commemorat$ by ! "n ( ,:irl9 ,sunday1 :5 cakes are made by almo/ e family1 & are call$1 f ! day1 ,:irl9 ,cakes4--,g5t4 ,mag4 #aghi1 vol4 lix4 p4 #dia4 ,,york%ire4 ,! ru/ics g to ! public-h\se ( ! village1 & sp5d ea* _! ,c>l+-groat1 i4e41 t sum 9 dr9k1 = ! ,c>l+s are provid$ = !m gratis2 & a popul> notion prevails t ^? :o d n d ?is w be unsuccessful 9 _! pursuits = ! foll[+ ye>4--,br&1 ,pop4 ,antiq41 #ahdi1 vol4 i4 p4 #aad4 ,,m>* #aj4 ,,ox=d%ire4 ,william ,h&y1 by w dat$ ! #aj? ( ,m>*1 #afbb1 bequea!d to ! p>i% ( ,/4 ,giles'1 ,ox=d1 #dj1 ^u condition t1 ^u ! #aj? ( ,m>* = ev]1 9 ! morn+1 ab\t #e o'clock1 !y %\ld r+ "o peal ) all ! bells1 & ab\t #h or #i o'clock %\ld g to s]vice1 & read all ! s]vice1 ) ! ,litany & ! ,communion1 z x is comm&$ to be read 9 ! ca!dral *ur*1 & aft] t to h a s]mon1 & 9 x to give ,god ?anks = ,8 great bless+s 9 deliv]+ & br++ ! giv] f ,papi/ry & idolatry to ! light & tru? ( ! bless$ ,gospel2 & he desir$ t ! prea*] might h #ajs4 = 8 s]mon1 & ! m9i/] #es4 = lead+ s]vice1 & ! poor to h giv5 !m 9 bread or money #ajs4 ,?is sum1 ) o!r money1 0 laid out 9 #afcc1 9 pur*as+ a t5em5t1 g>d51 & "o acre ( pa/ure gr\nd1 situat$ 9 ,corn ,/reet1 ,witney1 to ! uses ( ! donor's w2 ( ! r5t1 #aes4 a ye> 0 accord+ly comm&$ to be paid to ! m9i/] = read+ pray]s & prea*+ a s]mon on ! #aj? ( ,m>*1 #es4 to ! cl]k1 #es4 to ! r+]1 & #aes4 to be di/ribut$ at ! *ur*1 ) o!r money 9 small sums to ! poor4#bc--,old ,engli% ,cu/oms & ,*>ities1 #ahdb1 p4 #bdi4 #bc ,!re 0 a simil> gift ( ! same donor to ! p>i% ( ,/4 ,m>y ,magdal51 ,ox=d2 b s9ce #ahjj no?+ has be5 paid 9 respect ( ?is *>ity4 ,,m>* #aa4 ,,nott+ham%ire4 ,=m]ly1 !re liv$ at ,new>k "o ,h]cules ,clay1 a tradesman ( consid]able em95ce1 & an ald]man ( ! bor\gh ( ,new>k4 ,dur+ ! siege1 9 ! night ( ! #aa? ( ,m>* #afdc1 he dream$ ?ree times t 8 h\se 0 on fire2 on ! ?ird w>n+ he arose mu* al>m$1 awoke ! :ole ( 8 family1 & caus$ !m to quit ! premises1 ?\gh at t "t all appe>$ to be 9 p]fect safety4 ,soon aft]w>ds1 h[ev]1 a bomb f a batt]y ( ! ,p>liam5t>ian army on ,beacon ,hill1 an em95ce ne> ! t[n1 fell ^u ! ro( ( ! h\se1 & p5etrat$ all ! floors1 & happily did little o!r execution4 ,! bomb 0 int5d$ to de/roy ! h\se ( ! gov]nor ( ! t[n1 :i* 0 9 ,/adman ,/reet1 exactly opposite ,clay's h\se4 ,9 commemoration ( ?is extraord9>y deliv]ance1 ,mr4 ,clay1 by 8 w1 gave #bjj to ! ,corporation 9 tru/ to pay ! int]e/ ( #ajj to ! ,vic> ( ,new>k1 = a s]mon to be prea*$ e #aa? ( ,m>*4 ,! int]e/ ( ! o!r #ajj he direct$ to be giv5 9 bread to ! poor4 ,p5ny loaves 71 accord+ly1 giv5 to e "o :o appli$1 & ! day on :i* !y 7 di/ribut$1 0 call$ 8,p5ny ,loaf ,day40--,hone's ,ye> ,book1 #ahch1 p4 #cja4 ,,m>* #ab4 ,,/4 ,,gregory',s ,,day4 ,,irel&4 ,! fea/ ( ,/4 ,gregory ! ,great1 #ab? ( ,m>*1 0 =m]ly obs]v$ z a holiday1 & "o ( fe/ivity 9 all ! rural s*ools 9 ! b>onies ( ,=? & ,baigy 7! ,/rongbonian ,colony71 9 ! c\nty ( ,wex=d4 ,! mann] 0 ?is3 ! *ildr51 = "s days previ\s1 br\ght contributions1 accord+ to ! means & lib]ality ( _! p>5ts1 consi/+ ( money1 bread1 butt]1 cream1 c41 & deliv]$ !m to ! tea*]4 ,on ! morn+ ( ! joy\s day1 ! *ildr5 repair$ to ! s*ool-h\se 9 holiday dress1 :]e ! tea*] _h ev]y?+ prep>$ = ! fe/ivity1 ! simple temple ( le>n+ decorat$ ) ! ri*e/ fl[]s )9 8 means ( obta9+1 & ! pres5ce ( two or m k9d-he>t$ females to d ! hon\rs & duties ( ! tea-table to ! happy juv5iles4 ,a 8k+0 & a 8que50 7 nom9at$1 :o1 ( c\rse1 took ! seat ( hon\r1 & ! pr\d & busy tea*] 0 ev]y:]e all att5tion to 8 little pupils4 ,! day pass$ (f 9 hil>ity & innoc5t enjoym5t1 & ! competitive sy/em ( free (f]+s left1 g5]ally1 some?+ pleas+ to tell = "s days 9 ! pockets & humble cupbo>d ( ! tea*]4 ,?is cu/om prevail$ until aft] ! comm5cem5t ( ! pres5t c5tury4--,n4 ,q4 #bnd ,s4 vol4 vii4 p4 #cib4 ,,m>* #ad4 ,,palm ,,saturday4 ,,scotl&4 ,on ! ,saturday be=e ,palm ,sunday ! boys belong+ to ! gramm>-s*ool at ,lan>k1 accord+ to anci5t usage1 us$ to p>ade ! /reets ) a palm1 or its sub/itute1 a l>ge tree ( ! will[ k9d1 7,salix caprea71 9 blossom1 ornam5t$ ) daffodils1 mez]eon1 & box-tree4 ,?is day 0 call$ ,palm ,saturday1 & suppos$ to be a popi% relic ( v anci5t /&+4--,/at4 ,acc4 ( ,scotl&1 ,s9clair1 #agie1 vol4 xv4 p4 #de4 ,,m>* #ae4 ,,palm ,,sunday4 ,palm ,sunday receives its ,engli% & ! great] "p ( its =eign names f ! cu/om ( be>+ palm bran*es1 9 commemoration ( ^? :i* 7 /rewn 9 ! pa? ( ,*ri/ on 8 entry into ,j]usalem4 8,x is a cu/om among *ur*m510 says ! au?or ( a ,normano-,saxon homily 9 ! reign ( ,h5ry ,,ii41 or ,ri*>d ,i41 8to g 9 procession on ?is day4 ,! cu/om has its orig9 9 ! holy procession :i* our ,savi\r made to ! place :]e he *ose to suff] dea?40 ,! c]emony ( be>+ palms on ,palm ,sunday 0 reta9$ 9 ,engl& aft] "s o!rs 7 dropp$1 & 0 "o ( ^? :i* ,h5ry ,,viii4 9 #aecf decl>$ 7 n to be discont9u$4 ,9 a proclamation 9 ! libr>y ( ! ,society ( ,antiqu>ies1 dat$ ! #bf? ,febru>y1 #aeci1 8,conc]nyng rites & c]emonies to be us$ 9 due f\rme 9 ! ,*ur*e ( ,engl&e10 occurs ! foll[+ clause3 8,on ,palme ,sonday x %all be decl>$ t be>+ ( palmes r5ue? ! memorie ( ! receiv+e ( ,*ri/e 9 lyke man] into ,j]usalem be=e 8 dea!40 ,aga91 9 ,full]'s ,*ur* ,hi/ory 7#afee1 p4 #bbb71 we read t 8be>+ ( palms on ,palm ,sunday is 9 memory ( ! receiv+ ( ,*ri/ into ,j]usalem a little be=e 8 dea?1 & t we may h ! same desire to receive him into our he>ts40 ,9 ,h[e's edition ( ,/['s ,*ronicle 7#afae1 fol4 p4 #eie71 x is /at$1 "u ! ye> #aedh1 t 8?is ye]e ! c]emony ( be>+ ( palmes on ,palme ,sunday 0 left (f1 & n us$ z be=e40--,m$4 vi ,kal5d4 vol4 i4 p4 #aha2 ,br&1 ,pop4 ,antiq4 #ahdi1 vol4 i4 p4 #abd4 ,x is /ill cu/om>y ) our boys1 bo? 9 ! s\? & nor? ( ,engl&1 to g out & ga!r slips ) ! will[-fl[]s or buds at ?is "t4 ,^! seem to h be5 select$ z sub/itutes = ! real palm1 because !y are g5]ally ! only ?+s :i* c be easily obta9$ at ?is season4 ,?is practice is /ill obs]v$ 9 ! neighb\rhood ( ,london4 ,! "y p g a-palm+2 & ! sall[ is sold 9 ,london /reets = ! :ole week prec$+ ,palm ,sunday4 ,9 ! nor? x is call$ go+ a-palmson+ or palmsn+4--,br&1 ,pop4 ,antiq4 #ahdi1 vol4 i4 p4 #abg4 ,/[ 9 8 ,survey ( ,london 7#afjc1 p4 #ih7 says t 89 ! weeke be=e ,ea/] _h ye great %ewes made = ! fet*+ 9 ( a twi/$ tree or )1 z !y t]m$ x1 out ( ! woodes into ! k+e's h\se1 & ! l into e man's h\se ( honor or wor%ip40 ,probably ?is 0 a sub/itute = ! palm4 ,an in/ance ( ! great antiquity ( ?is practice 9 ,engl& is af=d$ by ! ,domesday ,survey1 "u ,%rop%ire1 vol4 i4 p4 #beb1 :]e a t5ant is /at$ to h r5d]$ 9 paym5t a bundle ( box twigs on ,palm ,sunday1 8,t]ra dimid4 c> unus r$dit inde fascem buxi 9 die ,palm>um40 ,by an ,act ( ,common ,c\ncil1 #a & #b ,phil4 & ,m>y1 = retr5*+ exp5ses1 x 0 ord]$1 8t f h5ce=? !re %all be no wy? fet*t home at ! ,maior's or ,%]iff's ,h\ses4 ,nei!r %all !y keep any "l ( misrule 9 any ( _! h\ses40--,/rype's ,/[1 #agbj1 book i4 p #bdf4 ,x 0 =m]ly ! cu/om 9 "s ( ! nor!rn p>ts ( ,engl& = ! "y m5 & maids :o receiv$ ! sacram5t to walk aft] d9n] into ! corn-fields1 & to bless ! corn & fruits ( ! e>?4--,k5nett1 ,,ms4 ,brit4 ,mus4 ,,cornwall4 ,9 =m] days p]sons resort$ to 8,our ,lady ( ,nantswell0 ) a palm cross 9 "o h& & an (f]+ 9 ! o!r4 ,! (f]+ fell to ! prie/'s %>e3 ! cross 0 ?r[n into ! well1 & if x swam 0 reg>d$ z an om5 t ! p]son :o ?rew x w\ld outlive ! ye>2 if h[ev] x sank1 a %ort ensu+ dea? 0 =ebod$4--,c>ew1 ,survey ( ,cornwall1 #ahaa4 ,,d]by%ire4 ,on ,palm ,sunday morn+1 ! boys g into ! fields & ga!r bran*es ( ! will[2 ^! are c>ri$ ab\t dur+ ! day1 & 9 "s *ur*es x is cu/om>y to use !m = decoration4--,j\r4 ( ,ar*4 ,assoc41 #aheb1 vol4 vii4 p4 #bjd4 ,,h]e=d%ire4 ,! return ( ,palm ,sunday has1 f "t immemorial1 be5 obs]v$ at ,h5tl& ,*ur* 9 a peculi> mann]4 ,! m9i/] & congregation receive f ! *ur*w>d5s a cake or bun1 &1 9 =m] times1 a cup ( be] also4 ,?is is consum$ )9 ! *ur*1 & is suppos$ to imply a desire on ! "p ( ^? :o p>take ( x to =give & =get all animosities1 & ?us prep>e !mselves = ! fe/ival ( ,ea/]4--,n4 ,q4 #crd ,s4 vol4 vii4 p4 #bge4 ,,h]t=d%ire4 ,hone1 9 8 ,ye> ,book 7#ahch1 p4 #aeic71 /ates t at ,kempton x has long be5 a cu/om = ! inhabitants to eat figs on ?is day1 !re t]m$ ,fig ,sunday1 :]e x is also usual = !m to keep wassel1 & make m]ry ) _! fri5ds4 ,,l9coln%ire4 ,a curi\s & qua9t cu/om exi/$ = v _m ye>s at ,cai/or ,*ur*1 9 ,l9coln%ire1 on ,palm ,sunday1 connect$ ) a t5ure ( prop]ty2 & 9 ! p>ticul>s ( sale1 circulat$ 9 #ahde1 is ! foll[+ acc\nt ( x3 8,?is e/ate is held subject to ! p]=mance1 on ,palm ,sunday 9 e ye>1 ( ! c]emony ( crack+ a :ip 9 ,cai/or ,*ur*1 9 ! said c\nty ( ,l9coln1 :i* has be5 regul>ly & duly p]=m$ on ,palm ,sunday1 f "t immemorial1 9 ! foll[+ mann]3 8,! :ip is tak5 e ,palm ,sunday by a man f ,br\ghton to ! p>i% ( ,cai/or1 :o1 :ile ! m9i/] is read+ ! fir/ lesson1 cracks x ?ree di/9ct times 9 ! *ur* por*1 !n folds x neatly up1 & retires to a seat4 ,at ! comm5cem5t ( ! second lesson1 he approa*es ! m9i/]1 & kneel+ opposite to him ) ! :ip 9 8 h&1 & ! purse at ! end ( x1 held p]p5dicul>ly ov] 8 head1 waves x ?rice1 & cont9ues 9 a /eadfa/ position ?r\gh\t ! :ole ( ! *apt]4 ,! c]emony is !n conclud$4 ,! :ip has a lea!rn purse ti$ at ! end ( x1 :i* ought to conta9 ?irty pieces ( silv]1 said to repres5t1 accord+ to ,scripture1 8! price ( blood40 ,f\r pieces ( wee*elm#bd tree1 ( diff]5t l5g?s1 are affix$ to ! /ock1 d5ot+ ! diff]5t ,gospels ( ! holy ,evangeli/s2 ! ?ree di/9ct cracks are typical ( ,/4 ,pet]'s d5ial ( 8 ,"l & ,ma/] ?ree times2 & ! wav+ x ov] ! m9i/]'s head z an int5d$ homage to ! ,bless$ ,tr9ity40 #bd ,prop]ly ,wy* elm 7,ulmus montana74 ,9 an article on ?is subject 9 ! ,ar*ological ,j\rnal 7#ahdi1 vol4 vi4 p4 #bci71 ! writ] says3 8,i h n be5 able to trace ?is cu/om to its s\rce4 ,x w\ld appe> to h prevail$ 9 v primitive times1 & yet ! circum/ance ( ! cu/om requir+ ! m ess5tial "p ( ! c]emony to be p]=m$ dur+ ! read+ ( ! second lesson is sc>cely reconcilable ) ?is idea2 b ,i am induc$ to ?9k t ! cu/om prevail$ long be=e our pres5t ritual exi/$1 & t x has 9 ?is respect be5 accommodat$ to ! *anges :i* "t has effect$ 9 ! s]vices ( ! ,*ur*4 ,un=tunately1 ! title-de$s d n conta9 ! slighte/ ref]5ce to ! cu/om4 ,i h no means ( trac+ ! title beyond #afge4 ,! p>i% ( ,br\ghton is a v l>ge "o1 & ant]ior to #afge belong$1 ) small exceptions1 to ! ,&]son family2 b :e!r ,/eph5 ,&]son1 ! !n own] ( ! manor1 & ! #bbjj acres ( l& sold 9 #ahde1 0 own] ( ! o!r "p ( ,br\ghton1 :i* has long be5 9 ! possession ( ,"l ,y>bor\gh's ance/ors1 ,i _c say4 ,a p>tition ( ! prop]ty appe>s to h be5 made betwe5 ! co-heiresses1 & ! manor & #bbjj acres be+ settl$ 9 #aggb by ,sir ,/eph5 ,&]son1 ( ,eyewor?1 on 8 niece1 ,frances ,elizabe? ,/eph5s1 & h] issue2 ^u h] dea? x became ! prop]ty ( h] son1 ,ellys ,&]son ,/eph5s1 :o di$ 9 #ahdd1 leav+ f\r daught]s & co-heiresses1 & :o1 9 #ahde1 sold ! prop]ty to a cli5t ( m9e1 ,mr4 ,john ,c\pl&1 & :o aft]w>ds sold ! manor & ab\t #fjj acres to ,"l ,y>bor\gh1 #ihb acres to myself1 & o!r portions to diff]5t pur*as]s1 res]v+ to himself ab\t #bjj acres4 ,i _c make out :5 ?is p>tition 7above allud$ to7 took place4 ,! de$ or w by :i* x 0 effect$ w\ld probably ref] to ! cu/om & provide = ! p]=mance ( x1 b !re is no docum5t ) ! title de$s t5d+ to %[ :e!r ! cu/om 0 due only 9 respect ( ! manor1 & #bbjj acres1 or 9 respect ( ,"l ,y>bor\gh's portion ( ! p>i% z well4 ,! fact ( a p>tition hav+ tak5 place1 re/s r ^u tradition ?an evid5ce2 b suppos+ x1 z ,i d1 to be a fact1 x seems /range t ! title-de$s %\ld be sil5t z to ! obligation impos$ ^u ! own] ( ! manor to p]=m ! s]vice by :i* ! :ole prop]ty 0 held4 ,! manor & e/ate sold 9 #ahde1 7 ( ! t5ure ( anci5t demesne2 a t5ure :i* is v r>e at ?is "t ( day1 at lea/ 9 ?is "p ( ! _w4 ,probably a ref]5ce to ,"l ,y>bor\gh's title-de$s w\ld cle> up ! my/]y1 or ,sir ,*>les ,&]son may h ! means ( do+ s4 8,i may also ref] to ,sir ,cull+ ,e>dley z possibly 9 a position to ?r[ "s light on ! subject2 = x 0 to him & 8 ance/ors1 z lords ( ! manor ( ,hundon1 9 ,cai/or1 to :om ?is s]vice 0 due1 & = ^: use ! :ip 0 deposit$ aft] ! s]vice 9 ! pew ( ,cai/or ,*ur*1 belong+ to ! "l ( ! manor ( ,hundon4 ,all ! v]sions t ,i h se5 ( ! cu/om fav\r ! op9ion t x _h "s ref]5ce to ! subject ( ! second lesson = ,palm ,sunday1 :i* is ! #bf? *apt] ( ,/4 ,mat!w1 & if s1 x w\ld seem likely to foll[1 t ! pr9cipal "p ( ! c]emony took place at ! read+ ( t *apt]2 b 9 t case x has cle>ly und]gone "s *ange1 because1 until ! la/ revision ( ! ,book ( ,common ,pray]1 !re 0 no prop] second lesson = ! morn+ ( ,palm ,sunday2 b ! #bf? *apt] ( ,/4 ,mat!w 0 "p ( ! ,gospel = t day1 & _h be5 s f ,anglo-,saxon times4 ,p]haps ! bett] op9ion is1 t ?is cu/om1 rec5tly discont9u$1 _h be5 s v>i$ f "t to "t z to h borne at la/ little resemblance to :at orig9ally took place4 ,i d n suppose at its comm5cem5t x 0 reg>d$ z at all irrev]5t1 or 0 int5d$ to be o!rwise ?an mo/ decor\s1 accord+ to ! idea ( a semi-b>b>\s age2 :at x really 0 at fir/ x is n[ impossible to conjecture or discov]4 ,! explanation sugge/$ 9 ! p>ticul>s ( sale appe>s too mu* 9 accordance ) mod]n notions to be altoge!r correct4 ,"s allege a tradition t x 0 a self-inflict$ p5ance by a =m] own] ( ! ,br\ghton e/ate = kill+ a boy ) su* a :ip40 ,9 ,may1 #ahcf1 ! foll[+ petition 0 pres5t$ to ! ,h\se ( ,lords by ! "l ( ! manor aga9/ ! annual obs]vance ( ?is cu/om2 b )\t effect3 8,to ! ,lords ,spiritual & ,temporal 9 ,p>liam5t assembl$4 8,! petition ( ! und]sign$ ,sir ,cull+ ,e>dley ,smi?1 ( ,b$well ,p>k1 9 ! c\nty ( ,h]t=d1 %ewe?1 t y\r petition] is "l ( ! manor ( ,hundon1 ne> ,cai/or1 9 ! c\nty ( ,l9coln4 8,t ! "l ( ! manor ( ,br\ghton1 ne> ,brigg1 9 ! same c\nty1 ye>ly1 on ,palm ,sunday1 employs a p]son to p]=m ! foll[+ c]emony 9 ! p>i% *ur* at ,cai/or1 etc42 t ! p]=mance ( ?is sup]/iti\s c]emony is utt]ly inconsi/5t ) a place ( ,*ri/ian wor%ip4 8,t x is g5]ally suppos$ t x is a p5ance = murd]1 & t1 9 ! ev5t ( ! p]=mance be+ neglect$1 ! "l ( ! manor ( ,br\ghton w\ld be liable to ! p5alty to ! "l ( ! manor ( ,hundon4 8,t y\r petition] be+ extremely anxi\s = ! discont9uance ( ?is indec5t & absurd practice1 appli$ to ! "l ( ! manor ( ,br\ghton = ! purpose1 :o decl9$ ent]+ into any negotiation until ! de$ %\ld be produc$ "u :i* ! c]emony 0 in/itut$1 :i* de$ 7if x has ev] exi/$7 y\r petition] is unable to produce4 8,t y\r petition] subsequ5tly appli$ to ! ,bi%op ( ,l9coln to use 8 influ5ce to prev5t ! repetition ( ! c]emony1 & (f]$ to gu>antee ! *ur*w>d5s aga9/ any loss 9 consequ5ce ( _! refusal to p]mit x4 8,t y\r petition] believes !re are no tru/ees ( a diss5t+ *apel :o w\ld p]mit ! m9i/] or (fic]s ( _! *apel to sanction su* a desecration4 8,t ! c]emony took place1 z usual1 on ,palm ,sunday1 9 ?is ye>4 8,y\r petition] !re=e prays t y\r ,lord%ips w be pleas$ to asc]ta9 f ! bi%op ( ! diocese :y ! c]emony took place2 t1 if ! exi/+ law enables any ecclesia/ical p]sons to prev5t x1 ! law may be h]eaft] en=c$2 & t1 if ! pres5t law is insuffici5t1 a law may be pass$ enabl+ ! bi%op to int]f]e = ! purpose ( sav+ ! national ,*ur* f sc&al4 8,& y\r petition] w ev] pray40 ,,nor?ampton%ire4 ,x is ! univ]sal cu/om1 ) bo? ri* & poor1 to eat figs on ?is day4 ,on ! ,saturday previ\s1 ! m>ket at ,nor?ampton is abundantly suppli$ ) figs1 & !re are m pur*as$ at ?is "t ?an ?r\gh\t ! re/ ( ! ye>2 ev5 ! *>ity *ildr51 9 "s places1 are regal$ ) !m4 ,no conjecture is (f]$ z to ! orig9 or purpose ( ?is s+ul> cu/om4 ,may x n h "s ref]5ce to ,*ri/'s desir+ to eat figs ! day aft] 8 triumphant entrance into ,j]usalem8--,bak]1 ,gloss>y ( ,nor?ampton%ire ,words & ,phrases1 #ahed1 i4 p4 #bcb4 ,,ox=d%ire4 ,9 "s p>ts ( ?is c\ntry figs are eat5 on ,palm ,sunday1 :i* is 9 consequ5ce call$ ,fig ,sunday4#be--,n4 ,q4 #bnd ,s4 vol4 i4 p4 #bbg4 #be ,see ,mid-,l5t ,sunday4 ,,surrey4 ,f "t immemorial a fair1 or wake1 has be5 held 9 ! *ur*y>d ( ,cr[hur/ on ,palm ,sunday4 ,=m]ly1 excesses 7 frequ5tly committ$ on ! occasion ?r\gh ! sale ( liquors2 b ( late ye>s ! fair has be5 conduct$ ) great decorum4--,brayley1 ,topographical ,hi/ory ( ,surrey1 #ahda1 iv4 p4 #acb4 ,,wilt%ire4 ,on ,/4 ,m>t9's ,hill1 ne> ,m>lbor\gh1 at :i* !re is an anci5t camp m ?an ?irty acres 9 ext5t1 ,palm ,sunday is kept2 & p]sons 9 great numb]s us$ to assemble !re1 ea* c>ry+ a hazel-nut b\gh ) ! catk9s hang+ f x4--,n4 ,q4 #bnd ,s4 v4 p4 #ddg4 ,,york%ire4 ,9 ,york%ire & ! nor!rn c\nties ,palm ,sunday is a day ( great div]sion1 "y & old amus+ !mselves ) sprigs ( will[1 or 9 manufactur+ palm-crosses1 :i* are /uck up or susp5d$ 9 h\ses4 ,9 ! aft]noon & ev5+ a numb] ( impud5t girls & "y m5 sally =? & assault all unprotect$ females :om !y meet out ( doors1 seiz+ _! %oes1 & compell+ !m to r$eem !m ) money4 ,^! disgraceful sc5es are cont9u$ until ,monday morn+1 :5 ! girls extort money f ! m5 by ! same means2 ^! depr$ations 7 =m]ly prolong$ till ,tuesday noon4--,"t's ,telescope1 #ahbb1 p4 #fh4 ,at ,filey figs are also eat5 on ?is day4--,cole1 ,hi/ory ( ,filey1 #ahbf1 p4 #ace4 ,,wales4 ,9 ,s\? ,wales ,palm ,sunday goes by ! "n ( ,fl[]+ ,sunday1 f ! cu/om ( p]sons assembl+ 9 ! *ur*y>ds1 & spread+ fre% fl[]s ^u ! graves ( fri5ds & relatives4--,,times1 #ac? ,april1 #ahfh1 p4 #g4 ,,m>* #af4 ,,lanca%ire4 ,a rural celebration us$ to be held at ,p\lton-9-!-,fylds on ! ,monday be=e ,good ,friday1 by "y m51 "u ! "n ( 8,jolly ,lads10 :o visit$ su* h\ses z 7 likely to af=d good ent]ta9m5ts1 & excit$ mir? by _! grotesque habits & discordant noises4 ,?is 0 evid5tly borr[$ f ! practice ( ! pace or pask egg]s1 ( o!r p>ts ( ! c\nty1 m]ely prec$+ in/ead ( foll[+ ,ea/]4--,ba9es1 ,hi/4 ( ,lanca%ire1 #ahcf1 vol4 iv4 p4 #dcf4 ,,ox=d%ire4 ,aubrey1 9 ,,ms4 ,lansd41 #bca1 gives ! foll[+3 ,x is ! cu/om = ! boys & girls 9 c\ntry s*ools 9 sev]al p>ts ( ,ox=d%ire1 at _! break+ up 9 ! week be=e ,ea/]1 to g 9 a gang f h\se to h\se1 ) little clacks ( wood1 & :5 !y come to any door1 !re !y fall a-beat+ _! clacks1 & s++ ?is song3 8,h]r+s1 h]r+s1 :ite & r$1 ,t5 a p5ny1 ,l5t's dead2 ,rise1 dame1 & give an egg1 ,or else a piece ( bacon4 ,"o = ,pet]1 two = ,paul1 ,?ree = ,jack a ,l5t's all4 ,away1 ,l5t1 away60 ,!y expect f e h\se "s eggs1 or a piece ( bacon1 :i* !y c>ry baskets to receive1 & fea/ ^u at ! week's end4 ,at fir/ com+ to ! door1 !y all /rike up v l\d1 8,h]r+s1 h]r+s10 c41 (t5 repeat$4 ,z soon z !y receive any l>gess1 !y beg9 ! *orus-- 8,"h sits a good wife1 ,pray ,god save h] life2 ,set h] ^u a hod1 ,& drive h] to ,god40 ,b if !y lose _! expectation & mu/ goe away empty1 !n1 ) a full cry1-- 8,"h sits a bad wife1 ,! devil take h] life2 ,set h] ^u a swivell1 ,& s5d h] to ! devil40 ,&1 9 fur!r indignation1 !y commonly cut ! lat* ( ! door1 or /op ! key-hole ) dirt1 or leave "s m na/y tok5 ( displeasure4--,?om's ,anecdotes & ,traditions1 #ahci1 p4 #aac4 ,,m>* #ag4 ,,/4 ,,patrick',s ,,day4 ,9 ! metropolis1 says ,/[ 9 8 ,sports1 ,pa/imes1 & ,cu/oms ( ,london 7#ahdg1 p4 #bda71 ?is anniv]s>y is g5]ally obs]v$ at c\rt z a high fe/ival1 & ! nobility cr[d & pay _! complim5ts 9 hon\r ( ! tutel>y sa9t ( ,irel&4 ,x is usually select$1 also1 = solicit+ aid to a great national object--! promotion ( education4 ,,buck+ham%ire4 ,9 ! ,illu/rat$ ,london ,news ( #bbnd ,m>*1 #ahfb1 p4 #bhe1 is ! foll[+ p>agraph3 8,"l ,lang=d1 z ! highe/ ,iri% nobleman 9 ,eton ,s*ool1 pres5t$1 on ,/4 ,patrick's ,day1 ! beautifully-embroid]$ badges1 9 silv]1 ( ,/4 ,patrick1 to ! head ma/]1 ! ,rev4 ,e4 ,bal/on1 & ! l[] ma/]1 ! ,rev4 ,w4 ,c>t]1 :i* 7 worn by ! rev]5d g5tlem5 dur+ ! day4 ,ab\t tw5ty-f\r ( ! ,iri% noblem5 & g5tlem5 9 ! s*ool 7 invit$ to a gr& breakfa/ ) ! head ma/]1 z is cu/om>y on ^! occasions40 ,,irel&4 ,! %amrock is worn 9 all p>ts ( ,irel& on ?is day4 ,old wom51 ) pl5te\s supplies ( trefoil1 may be he>d 9 e direction1 cry+ 8,buy my %amrock1 gre5 %amrocks20 & *ildr5 h 8,patrick's crosses0 p9n$ to _! sleeves4 ,?is cu/om is suppos$ to h tak5 its orig9 f ! fact t :5 ,/4 ,patrick 0 prea*+ ! doctr9e ( ! ,tr9ity he made use ( ?is plant1 be>+ ?ree leaves ^u "o /em1 z a symbol ( ! great my/]y4#bf #bf ,mr4 ,jones 9 8 ,hi/orical ,acc\nt ( ! ,wel% ,b>ds 7#agid1 p4 #ac7 says3 ,:5 ,/4 ,patrick l&$ ne> ,wickl[ ! inhabitants 7 ready to /one him = attempt+ an innovation 9 ! religion ( _! ance/ors4 ,he reque/$ to be he>d1 & expla9$ unto !m1 t ,god is an omnipot5t1 sacr$ ,_s1 :o creat$ heav5 & e>?1 & t ! ,tr9ity is conta9$ 9 ! ,unity2 b !y 7 reluctant to give cr$it to 8 words4 ,/4 ,patrick1 !re=e1 pluck$ a trefoil f ! gr\nd1 & expo/ulat$ ) ! ,hib]nians3 8,is x n z possible = ! ,fa!r1 ,son1 & ,holy ,gho/1 z = ^! ?ree leaves to gr[ ^u a s+le /alk80 ,!n ! ,iri% 7 imm$iately conv9c$ ( _! error1 & 7 solemnly baptiz$ by ,/4 ,patrick4 ,9 ,contributions t[>ds a ,cybele ,hib]nica 7,d4 ,moore & ,a4 ,g4 ,m1 #ahff1 p4 #gc7 is ! foll[+ note3 8,trifolium rep5s1 ,dut* clov]1 ,%amrock4--,?is is ! plant /ill worn z %amrock on ,/4 ,patrick's ,day1 ?\gh ,m$icago lupul9a is also sold 9 ,dubl9 z ! %amrock4 ,edw>d ,lhwyd1 ! celebrat$ antiqu>y1 writ+ 9 ,decemb] #afii to ,tancr$ ,rob9son1 says1 aft] a rec5t visit to ,irel&3 #8,_! %amrug is our common clov]' 7,phil4 ,trans41 ,no4 #cce74 ,?rekeld1 ! e>lie/ writ] on ! wild plants ( ,irel&1 gives ,seam>-oge 7"y trefoil7 z ! ,gaelic "n = ,trifolium prat5se album1 & says expressly t ?is is ! plant worn by ! p 9 _! hats on ,/4 ,patrick's ,day4 ,wade also gives ,seamrog z equival5t to ,trifolium rep5s1 :ile ! ,gaelic "n giv5 = ,oxalis by ,?rekeld is ,sealgan40 ,a correspond5t ( ,n4 ,q4 7#d? ,s4 vol4 iii4 p4 #bce7 says ! ,trifolium fili=me is g5]ally worn 9 ,cork4 ,x gr[s 9 ?ick clu/]s on ! tops ( walls & dit*es1 & is to be f\nd 9 abundance 9 old lime/one qu>ries 9 ! s\? ( ,irel&4 ,! ,trifolium m9us is also worn4 ,! foll[+ :imsical song descriptive ( ,/4 ,patrick is giv5 on ,hone's au?ority z "o (t5 sung by ! ,iri%3 ,/4 ,patrick 0 a g5tleman1 & he came f dec5t p1 ,9 ,dubl9 t[n he built a *ur*1 & on x put a /eeple2 ,8 fa!r 0 a ,wollaghan1 8 "m an ,o',grady1 ,8 aunt %e 0 a ,k9aghan1 & 8 wife a wid[ ,brady4 ,tooralloo1 tooralloo1 :at a glori\s man our sa9t 06 ,tooralloo1 tooralloo1 ,o :ack fal de lal1 de lal1 etc4 ,o*6 ,antrim hills are mighty high1 & s's ! hill ( ,h[? too2 ,b we all d "k a m\nta9 t is high] ?an !m bo? too2 ',twas on ! top ( t high m\nt ,/4 ,patrick prea*'d a s]mon4 ,he drove ! frogs into ! bogs1 & bani%$ all ! v]m94 ,tooralloo1 tooralloo1 etc4 ,no wond] t we ,iri% lads1 !n1 are s bly! & frisky2 ,/4 ,patrick 0 ! v man t taught u to dr9k :isky2 ,o*6 to be sure he _h ! knack1 & und]/ood di/ill+1 ,= 8 "m kept a %eebe5 %op ne> ! t[n ( ,enniskill54 ,tooralloo1 tooralloo1 etc4-- ,e ,day ,book1 vol4 ii4 p4 #chg4 ,x is cu/om>y e>ly 9 ,febru>y = weal?y f>m]s & l&[n]s 9 ,irel& to brew ale to be kept till ! #ag? ( ,m>*1 ,/4 ,patrick's ,day2 & !re is a delici\s cake made ?is day1 to be eat5 ) pickl$ salmon4--,n4 ,q4 #crd ,s4 vol4 ix4 p4 #cfg4 ,"s ye>s ago ?is day 0 welcom$1 9 ! small] t[ns or hamlets1 by e possible manife/ation ( gladness & delight4 ,! inn1 if !re 0 "o1 0 ?r[n op5 to all com]s1 :o receiv$ a c]ta9 all[ance ( oat5 bread & fi%4 ,?is 0 a b5evol5ce f ! ho/1 & to x 0 add$ a 8,patrick's pot10 or quantum ( be]2 b ( late ye>s :isky is ! bev]age mo/ e/eem$4 ,! majority ( ^? :o s\ght ent]ta9m5t at ! village inn 7 "y m5 :o _h no families1 :il/ ^? :o _h *ildr51 & especially ^: families 7 l>ge1 made !mselves z snug z possible by ! turf fire 9 _! own cab9s4 ,:]e ! village or hamlet c\ld n boa/ ( an inn1 ! l>ge/ cab9 0 s\ght out1 & poles 7 ext5d$ horizontally f "o end ( ! ap>tm5t to ! o!r2 on ^! poles1 doors purposely unh+$1 & br\ght f ! surr\nd+ cab9s1 7 plac$1 s t a table ( consid]able dim5sions 0 =m$1 r\nd :i* all seat$ !mselves1 ea* "o provid+ 8 own oat5 bread & fi%4 ,at ! conclusion ( ! repa/ !y sat = ! rema9d] ( ! ev5+ ov] a 8,patrick's pot10 & f9ally sep>at$ quietly4--,e ,day ,book1 vol4 ii4 p4 #chf4 ,! foll[+ description ( ,/4 ,patrick's ,day 9 ,irel& is tak5 f ! ,"t's ,telescope 7#ahbg1 p4 #ff73 ,e "o is expect$1 says ! writ]1 to we> a sprig ( %amrock 9 hon\r ( ! sa9t & 8 c\ntry1 & a few p5ce w supply a family ) pl5ty ( ?is commodity4 ,9 ! morn+ ^u ! breakfa/ table ( ! 8ma/]0 & 8! mi/ress0 is plac$ a plateful ( ?is h]b = a mem5to t x is ,patrick's ,day1 & !y mu/ 8dr[n ! %amrock10 a figurative expression = :at ! s]vants !mselves d at night 9 glasses ( pun*1 if ! heads ( ! family are s k9d z to s5d d[n ! plate ( %amrock cr[n$ ) a bottle ( :isky1 "u :i* is also expect$ to be f\nd a trifle t[>ds a treat4 ,:ile ! l[] circles are1 on ?is bless$ ( all ,iri% days1 ?us enjoy+ !mselves 9 ! ev5+1 ! high] are cr[d+ into t room ( ! ca/le entitl$ ,/4 ,patrick's ,hall1 :i* is only op5$ two nights 9 ! ye>--?is1 & ! bir?-night 7! #bcrd ( ,april72 x is a gr& ball1 to :i* none c be admitt$ :o h n be5 pres5t$ & att5d$ ! ,vic]oy's draw+-rooms2 & ( c\rse e "o mu/ appe> 9 c\rt dress1 or full uni=ms1 except t1 9 *>ity to ! ladies1 tra9s are = t night disp5s$ ) on acc\nt ( ! danc+4 ,a few pres5tations sometimes take place1 aft] :i* ! ball comm5ces1 always ) a c\ntry dance to ! air ( 8,patrick's ,day10 & aft] ?is quadrilles1 etc41 take _! turn4 ,,m>* #ah4 ,,%eelah',s ,,day4 ,,irel&4 ,! day aft] ,/4 ,patrick's ,day is 8,%eelah's ,day10 or ! fe/ival 9 hon\r ( ,%eelah4 ,its obs]v]s are n s anxi\s to det]m9e :o 8,%eelah0 0 z !y are e>ne/ 9 h] celebration4 ,"s say %e 0 8,patrick's wife10 o!rs t %e 0 8,patrick's "m10 :ile all agree t h] immortal memory is to be ma9ta9$ by potations ( :isky4 ,! %amrock worn on ,/4 ,patrick's ,day %\ld be worn also on ,%eelah's ,day1 & on ! latt] night be dr[n$ 9 ! la/ glass4 ,yet x frequ5tly happ5s t ! %amrock is flood$ 9 ! la/ glass ( ,/4 ,patrick's ,day1 & ano!r la/ glass or two1 or m1 on ! same night deluges ! ov]-sodd5$ trefoil4 ,?is is n 8q correct10 b x is endeav\r$ to be rem$i$ ! next morn+ by ! display ( a fre% %amrock1 :i* is /eep$ at night 9 hon\r ( 8,%eelah0 ) equal devot$ness4--,e ,day ,book1 vol4 ii4 p4 #chg4 ,,m>* #ai4 ,,maundy1 ,,or ,,*>e ,,?ursday4 ,! day be=e ,good ,friday is t]m$ ,maundy ,?ursday1 because1 says ! ,briti% ,apollo 7#agji1 ii4 #g71 on ?is day our ,savi\r wa%$ 8 disciples' feet1 to tea* !m ! great duty ( be+ humble2 & !re=e he gave !m a comm& to d z he _h done1 to imitate _! ,ma/] 9 all prop] in/ances ( condesc5sion & humility4 ,! orig91 consequ5tly1 ( ?is cu/om is ( v great antiquity1 &1 unlike _m o!r c]emonies connect$ ) ! ,*ur* be=e ! ,re=mation1 rema9s 9 exi/5ce 9 a modifi$ =m up to ! pres5t day4 ,! orig9al numb] ( poor p]sons ^: feet 7 wa%$ by ! k+ or que5 0 ?irte51 b ?is numb] 0 aft]w>ds ext5d$ s z to correspond ) ! age ( ! reign+ sov]eign4 ,mat!w ,p>is m5tions ,maundy money1 & ! ,b5$ictional ( ,ar*bi%op ,rob]t at ,r\51 a manuscript ( ! #aj? c5tury1 cap4 xxix41 conta9s a 8,b5$ictio ad m&atum ipso die0 7,ar*ologia1 vol4 xxiv4 p4 #aai71 & ,wlno?us1 ,abbot ( ,/4 ,alban's1 orda9$ a daily p]=mance ( ! m&ate4 ,9 o!r h\ses x 0 cu/om>y to wa% ! feet ( z _m poor p z !re 7 monks 9 ! conv5t1 on ,holy ,?ursday1 & on ,saturday be=e ,palm ,sunday3 ! day ( ! latt] ablution receiv$ ! "n ( m&atum paup]um1 to di/+ui% x f ! ,m&ati ,dies4 ,dur+ ! c]emony ! :ole *oir *ant$ ! words ( ,*ri/1 8,m&atum novum d vobis0 78,a new comm&m5t ,i give unto y074 ,du ,cange quotes f ! life ( ,/4 ,brigida by ,*ili5us3 8,proxima cna fuit ,dom9i1 qua sancta solebat ,m&atum ,*ri/i calido compl]e lavacro40 7,du ,cange1 ,gloss41 tom4 iv41 col4 #cii47 ,ar*deacon ,n>es1 h[ev]1 app>5tly foll[+ ,spelman & ,sk9n] ^: op9ion is adopt$ by ,junius1 9 opposition to ,m9%eu1 says t ?is day is s nam$ f ! maunds1 9 :i* ! gifts 7 conta9$1 & he ma9ta9s t maund is a corruption ( ! ,saxon m&1 a basket4 ,! glossograph] on ,mat!w ,p>is expla9s ! ^w m&atum1 to be alms1 f ! ,saxon ,m&ye1 *>ity4 ,somn] has no su* ^w 9 8 ,diction>y2 & x seems m probable t ,maunday ,?ursday has orig9ally be5 ,m&ate ,?ursday2 ,m&ati ,dies be+ ! "n :]e ! ,saxon m&s 7 totally unkn[n4 lfric1 ,ar*bi%op ( ,cant]bury1 hav+ employ$ ! ,lat9 "n ( ?is day1 ,cna ,dom9i1 gives ^! directions to ! ,saxon prie/s3 8,on ,?ursday y %all wa% ! alt>s be=e y celebrate mass1 o!rwise y mu/ n4 ,aft] vesp]s y mu/ uncov] ! alt>s & let !m rema9 b>e until ,saturday1 wa%+ !m 9 ! int]ior4 ,y %all !n fa/ until nones4 ,imple m&ata ,dom9i 9 cna ipsius4 #8,d on ,?ursday z our ,"l comm&s y2' wa% ! feet ( ! poor1 fe$ & clo! !m2 &1 ) humility1 wa% y\r feet among y\rselves z ,*ri/ himself did1 & comm&$ u s to d40 ,on ! :ole !re seems to be no reason to d\bt t ! "n maundy is d]iv$ f ! m&ate obey$ on ?is day4 ,! bread giv5 to ! poor on ,maundy ,?ursday 0 nam$ m&ate bread1 m&ati panes1 9 ! mona/]ies2 z ! co9 giv5 0 call$ m&ate money4--,m$4 vi ,kal5d4 i4 #ahc-ahe4 ,"o ( ! e>lie/ in/ances on record ( a mon>* obs]v+ ?is cu/om1 & :i* is ! m curi\s z x %[s t ! practice ( regulat+ ! am\nt ( ! dole giv5 on ,maundy ,?ursday by ! age ( ! k+ 0 !n 9 exi/5ce1 is pres]v$ 9 ! 8,rotulus ,mis1 or role ( ! w>drobe exp5ses ( ! #ad? ye> ( ,k+ ,john10 9 :i* !re appe>s an item ( 8f\rte5 %ill+s & "o p5ny1 = alms to ?irte5 poor p]sons1 e "o ( :om receiv$ ?irte5 p5ce at ,ro*e/]1 on ,?ursday1 9 ,cna ,dom9i0 7,holy ,?ursday71 ,john hav+ !n reign$ ?irte5 complete ye>s4 ,9 ! w>drobe exp5ses ( ,edw>d ,i4 we f9d money giv5 on ,ea/] eve to ?irte5 poor p ^: feet ! ,que5 _h wa%$2 :i* latt] cu/om is said to h be5 p]=m$ by ! sov]eign s late z ! reign ( ,james ,,ii4--,?oms1 ,book ( ! ,c\rt1 #ahdd1 p4 #caa4 ,h5ry ,,vii4 gave1 :5 ?irty-eight ye>s old1 ?irty-eight co9s & ?irty-eight small purses to z _m poor p3 8,m>* #be4 ,to ?irty-eight poor m5 9 almes1 #f #js4 #d;d4 ,= ?irty-eight small purses1 #as4 #h;d4 ,!re are sev]al entries = ! ,maundy 9 ! 8,privy ,purse exp5ses0 ( ?is sov]eign1 z 9 #adif3 8,april #aj4 ,= bote hire = ! ,maundy & ! k+es robe1 pay$ by ,john ,flee1 #ds40 ,! ord] ( ! ,maundy1 z practis$ by ,que5 ,elizabe? 9 #aegi is "h giv5--7f ,no4 #fahc1 ,add4 ,,mss4 9 ! ,briti% ,museum73 8,ord] ( ! ,maunday made1 at ,gre5wi*1 #ai? ,m>* #aegi1 #ad ,elizabe?40 8,fir/4--,! hall 0 prep>$ ) a long table on ea* side1 & =mes set by !m2 on ! edges ( :i* tables1 & "u ^? =mes 7 lay'd c>pets & cu%ions = h] ,maje/ie to kneel :5 %e %\ld wa% !m4 ,!re 0 also ano!r table set across ! upp] end ( ! hall some:at above ! foot pace1 = ! *appelan to /& at4 ,a little b5ea? ! mid/ :]e(1 & b5ea? ! said foot-pace1 a /oole & cu%ion ( e/ate 0 pit*$ = h] ,maje/ie to kneel at dur+ ! s]vice "t4 ,?is done ! holy wat]1 basons1 alms1 & o!r ?+s be+ br\ght into ! hall1 & ! *appelan & poor folks hav+ tak5 ! said places1 ! laundresse1 arm$ ) a faire t[ell1 & tak+ a silv]-bason fill$ ) w>m wat] & sweet fl[]s1 wa%$ _! feet all aft] "o ano!r & wip$ ! same ) 8 t[ell1 & soe mak+ a crosse a little above ! toes kiss$ !m4 ,aft] hym1 )9 a little :ile1 foll[$ ! sub-almon]1 do+ likewise1 & aft] him ! almon] himself also4 ,!n1 la/ly1 h] ,maje/ie came into ! hall1 & aft] "s s++ & pray]s made1 & ! gospel ( ,*ri/'s wa%+ ( 8 disciples' feet read1 #ci ladyes & g5tlewom5 7= soe _m 7 ! poor folks1 accord+ to ! numb] ( ! ye>es complete ( h] ,maje/ies age71 address$ !mselves ) aprons & t[els to waite ^u h] ,maje/ie2 & %e1 kneel+ d[n ^u ! cu%ions & c>pets "u ! feete ( ! poore wom51 fir/ wa%$ "o foote ( e "o ( !m 9 soe _m sev]al basons ( w>m wat] & sweete fl[]s1 br\ght to h] sev]ally by ! said ladies & g5tlewom52 !n wip$1 cross$1 & kiss$ !m1 z ! almon] & o!rs _h done be=e4 ,:5 h] ,maje/ie _h ?us gone ?r\gh ! :ole numb] ( #ci 7( :i* #bj sat on ! "o side ( ! hall1 & #ai on ! o!r71 %e resort$ to ! fir/ aga91 & gave to ea* "o c]ta9 y>des ( broad clo! to make a g[ne1 s pass+ to !m all4 ,?irdly2 %e began at ! fir/1 & gave to ea* ( !m a pair ( gloves4 ,f\r?ly2 to ea* ( !m a wood5 platt]1 :]e9 0 half a side ( salmon1 z mu* l+1 six r$ h]r+s & l(es ( *eat bread4 ,fif?ly2 %e began ) ! fir/ aga91 & gave to ea* ( !m a :ite wood5 di% ) cl>et w9e4 ,six?ly2 %e receiv$ ( ea* wait+-lady & g5tlewoman _! t[el & apron1 & gave to ea* poor woman "o ( ! same1 & aft] ?is ! ladies & g5tlewom5 wait$ no long]1 nor s]v$ z !y _h done ?r\gh\t ! c\rses be=e4 ,b !n ! treasur] ( ! *amb]1 ,mr4 ,h5nage1 came to h] ,maje/ie ) ?irty-n9e small :ite purses1 :]e9 7 also ?irty-n9e p5ce 7z !y saye7 aft] ! numb] ( ye>es to h] ,maje/ie's saide age1 & ( him %e receiv$ & di/ribut$ !m sev]ally4 ,:i* done %e receiv$ ( him soe _m lea!r purses alsoe1 ea* conta9+ #bj%4 = ! r$emption ( h] ,maje/ie's g[n1 :i* 7z m5 saye7 by anci5t ord] %e s\ght to give "s ( !m at h] pleasure b %e to avoid ! tr\ble ( suite1 :i* accu/omablie 0 made = t pref]m5t1 _h *ang$ t rew>d into money1 to be equally divid$ among/ !m all1 namely1 #bj%4 a piece1 & %e also deliv]$ p>ticul>ly to ! :ole company4 ,& s tak+ h] ease ^u ! cu%ion ( e/ate & he>+ ! quire a little :ile1 h] ,maje/ie )drew h]self & ! companye dep>t$1 = x 0 by t "t ! sun 0 sett+40 ,*>les ,,ii4 obs]v$ ?is cu/om1 z we f9d 9 a lett] pres]v$ 9 ! ,rawdon ,lett]s1 p4 #age3 8,on ,?ursday la/ 8 ,maje/y wa%$ poor m5's feet 9 ! ,banquett+ ,h\se1 an act ( humility us$ by 8 pr$ecessors on ,maundy ,?ursday to z _m poor m5 z he _h liv$ ye>s4 ,to ea* poor man he gave two y>ds ( clo? = a coat1 ?ree ells ( l95 = a %irt1 %oes1 /ock+s1 two purses1 ! "o ) ?irty-?ree p5ce1 ! o!r ) tw5ty p5ce1 "o jole ( l+1 "o jole ( salmon1 a quantity ( r$ & :ite h]r+s1 "o b>rel ) be]1 & ano!r ) w9e1 ) :i* !y drank 8 ,maje/y's heal?4 ,! que5 did pay ! same obs]vance to sev]al wom5 ab\t "o ( ! clock at ,/4 ,james40 ,aft] ^! illu/rations ( ! c]emonies =m]ly obs]v$ 9 ! di/ribution ( ! royal alms on ,maundy ,?ursday1 x becomes int]e/+ to witness ^? :i* obta9 at ! pres5t "t4 ,! foll[+ is tak5 f ! ,times newspap] 7,april #f?1 #ahga73 8,^? anci5t & royal *>ities designat$ ! ,que5's ,maundy 7 di/ribut$ ye/]day 9 ,:itehall ,*apel dur+ ,div9e s]vice ) ! cu/om>y =malities1 to fifty-two ag$ m5 & fifty-two ag$ wom51 ! numb] ( ea* "o correspond+ ) ! age ( h] mo/ graci\s ,maje/y4 ,at ?ree o'clock a procession1 consi/+ ( a deta*m5t ( ! yeom5 ( ! gu>d "u ! comm& ( a s]geant-major 7"o ( ! yeom5 c>ry+ ! royal alms on a gold salv]71 ! ,rev4 ,dr4 ,jelf1 ,d4,d41 ,sub-,almon]1 ,mr4 ,joseph ,hanby1 ,secret>y & ,yeoman ( ! ,royal ,almonry1 & 8 ,assi/ant1 ,mr4 ,john ,hanby1 accompani$ by s5ior *ildr5 f ! ,national ,s*ools 9 ! p>i% ( ,/4 ,john ! ,evangeli/ & ,/4 ,m>g>et1 ,we/m9/]1 :o _h be5 select$ to p>ticipate 9 ?is privilege = _! good conduct1 proce$$ f ! ,almonry (fice1 9 ,scotl& ,y>d1 to ! ,*apel ,royal1 ,:itehall4 ,! arrival ( ! procession hav+ be5 signifi$ to ! ,hon4 & ,v ,rev4 ! ,dean ( ,w9dsor1 ,"l ,high ,almon]1 & to ! ,sub-,dean ( ! ,*apels ,royal1 !y1 prec$$ by ,mr4 ,*apman1 ,s]geant ( ! ,ve/ry1 met x at ! entrance1 & took _! places imm$iately aft] ! yeoman ( ! gu>d be>+ ! salv] ) ! royal alms4 ,! :ole procession !n advanc$ 9 ! foll[+ ord]3 ,boys ( ! ,*apel ,royal1 ,g5tlem5 ( ! ,*apel ,royal1 ,prie/s ( ! ,*apel ,royal1 ,s]geant-,major ( ! ,yeoman ( ! ,gu>d1 ,! ,yeoman ) ! ,salv] ( ,alms1 ,! ,s]geant ( ! ,ve/ry1 ,! ,"l ,high ,almon]1 ,! ,sub-,almon] & ,sub-,dean1 ,! ,*ildr5 ( ! ,national ,s*ools1 ,! ,yeoman ( ! ,almonry & 8 ,assi/ant1 ,& ! ,yeom5 ( ! ,gu>d4 ,! procession hav+ pass$ up ! c5tre aisle to ! /eps ( ! alt>1 ! ,"l ,almon]1 ! ,sub-,almon]1 & ! ,sub-,dean1 & ^? =m+ ! procession hav+ tak5 _! assign$ places on ei!r side ( ! *apel1 ! royal alms be+ deposit$ 9 front ( ! royal closet1 ! aft]noon s]vice 7a special s]vice = ! occasion7 0 read by ! ,rev4 ,dr4 ,vivian1 s5ior prie/ 9 wait+1 comm5c+ ) ! ,exhortation1 ,confession1 ,absolution1 c4 ,!n foll[$ ! #da,,/ ,,psalm 7,,! ,,gr& ,,*ant74 ,,fir/ ,,lesson1 ,,/4 ,,mat!w1 ,,*ap4 xxv4 #ad-ca4 ,fir/ ,an!m 7,psalm xxxiv47--8,o ta/e & see h[ graci\s ! ,"l is40 ,goss4 #a4 #aes4 di/ribut$ to ea* woman4 ,to ea* man1 %oes & /ock+s4 ,second ,an!m4--8,o ,savi\r ( ! _w40 ,goss4 ,wooll5 & l95 clo!s di/ribut$ to ea* man4 ,?ird ,an!m4---8,i wait$ = ! ,"l40 ,m5delssohn4 ,money purses di/ribut$ to ea* man & woman4 ,,second ,,lesson1 ,,/4 ,,mat!w1 ,,*ap4 xxv4 v4 #ca1 to ! end4 ,f\r? ,an!m 7,psalm xxi47--8,! k+ %all rejoice 9 ?y /r5g?40 ,gre5e4 ,!n 7 read two pray]s compos$ = ! occasion1 aft] :i* foll[$ ! pray] = ! ,que51 & s on to ! end40 ,! m9or b\nty & royal gate alms1 c41 71 9 accordance ) anci5t usage1 di/ribut$ at ! ,almonry ,(fice1 9 ,scotl& ,y>d1 on ,friday & ,saturday 9 ! pa/ week1 & on ,monday & ,tuesday dur+ ! curr5t week1 to ag$1 disabl$1 & m]itori\s p]sons :o _h be5 previ\sly recomm5d$ by ! cl]gy ( ! v>i\s p>i%es 9 & r\nd ,london4 ,!re 7 ov] f\r ?\s& p]sons reliev$4 ,! selections 7 made by ! ,"l ,high ,almon]1 assi/$ by ! ,rev4 ,dr4 ,jelf1 ,d4,d4 ,! paym5ts 7 conduct$ by ,mr4 ,joseph ,hanby1 secret>y & yeoman ( ,h] ,maje/y's ,almonry 9 ord9>y1 :o has (ficiat$ on ^! occasions s9ce ,ea/]1 #ahab1 inclusive4--,see also ! ,true ,briton1 #ahja4 ,9 ,n>es' ,gloss>y 7#ahei1 vol4 i4 p4 #aea7 occurs ! foll[+ article3 8,*>e ,?ursday4--,! ,?ursday 9 ,passion week1 corrupt$1 accord+ to ! foll[+ anci5t explanation1 f ,%e> ,?ursday1 be+ ! day = %e>+1 or %av+1 prep>atory to ,ea/]4 ,call$ also ,maundy ,?ursday3 8#8,^u ,*>e ,?ursday ,*ri/ brake bread unto 8 disciples1 & bade !m eat x1 say+ x 0 8 fle% & blood4'--,%eph]d's ,kal5d>4 8#8,if a man asks :y ,%]e ,?ursday is call$ s1 ye may say t 9 holy ,*ir*e x is call$ ,c5a ,dom9i1 our ,lordes ,sup] day4 ,x is also 9 ,engly%e call$ ,%] ,?ursday1 = 9 old fad]s dayes ! p wolde t day %]e !yr h$es1 & clippe !yr b]des1 & poll !yr h$es1 & s make !m hone/ ag5/ ,e/] day4 ,= on ,good ,fryday !y doo !yr bodyes none ease1 b suffre p5aunce 9 mynde ( him t t day suffr$ 8 passyon = all mankynde4 ,on ,e/] ev5 x is "t to "h !yr s]vice1 & aft] s]vice to make holy daye4 8#8,!n1 z ,johan ,bellet say?1 on ,%] ,?ursday a man %olde s poll 8 "h1 & clype 8 b]de1 & a pree/ %olde %ave 8 cr[ne1 s t !re %olde no?ynge be betwe5 ,god & hym4'0--,fe/ival1 quot$ by ,dr4 ,wordswor?1 9 ,eccles4 ,biog4 vol4 i4 p4 #big4 ,9 ,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq4 7revis$ by ,sir ,h5ry ,ellis71 ,london1 #ahda1 9 ! *apt] head$ 8,%]e ,?ursday1 also ,maundy ,?ursday10 ! same d]ivation is giv52 & 9 "o ( ! notes1 a passage is quot$ f ! ,g5t4 ,mag4 7,july #aggi1 p4 #cdi71 9 :i* ! writ] says3 8,maundy ,?ursday1 call$ by ,colli] ,%i] ,?ursday1 ,cotgrave calls by a ^w ( ! same s\nd & import1 ,%e]e ,?ursday4 ,p]haps--= ,i c only g ^u conjecture--z %e> means purus1 mundus1 x may allude to ! wa%+ ( ! disciples' feet 7,john xiii4 #e41 et seq471 & be tantam\nt to clean4 ,see #aj? v]se1 & ,lye's ,saxon ,diction>y v4 ,scip4 ,if ?is does n please1 ! ,saxon scipan signifies divid]e1 & ! "n may come f ! di/ribution ( alms ^u t day1 = :i* see ,ar*ol4 ,soc4 ,antiq41 vol4 i4 p4 #g1 seq42 ,spelman1 ,gloss4 v4 ,m&atum2 & ,du ,fresne1 vol4 iv4 p4 #djj4 ,please to obs]ve1 too1 t on t day !y also wa%$ ! alt>s1 s t ! t]m 9 "q may allude to t bus9ess4--,see ,colli]'s ,eccles4 ,hi/ory1 vol4 ii4 p4 #aeg40 ,*>e ,?ursday1 h[ev]1 says ,dr4 ,hahn 7,n4 ,q4 #crd ,s4 vol4 viii4 p4 #chi71 is ! correct expression1 & has no?+ :atev] to d ) %e>+ or %e]1 or scipan4 ,%]e is only a corruption ( *>e *>1 c>e1 or c>r4 ,9 ,g]many ,passion ,week is call$ ,*>wo*e1 & ,good ,friday ,*>freitag4 ,b 9 =m] times ,*> 0 prefix$ to e day ( ,passion ,week1 & we f9d ,*>montag 7,*>e ,monday71 ,*>di5/ag 7,*>e ,tuesday71 c4 ,! orig9 ( ,*>e ,?ursday is !re=e evid5t4 ,*> is an old ,g]man ^w signify+ luctus1 solicitudo2 ,go?4 k>1 k>a2 ,old ,saxon c>a2 ,o4-,h4-,g4 *>a2 ,anglo-,saxon ce>u1 c>u1 alli$ to ,lat9 cura1 c4#bg #bg ,see ,c>e ,sunday1 p4 #aba4 ,! orig9al signification *>e hav+ become obsolete1 a ^w ( simil> s\nd 0 sub/itut$ 9 its place1 & h5ce ,%]e ,?ursday4 ,,middlesex4 ,rob]t ,halliday1 by 8 w1 dat$ #f? ,may1 #adia1 gave e/ates 9 ! p>i% ( ,/4 ,leon>d1 ,ea/*eap1 ,london1 ! r5ts to be appli$ to v>i\s purposes1 &1 among/ o!rs1 five %ill+s to ! *ur*w>d5s ye>ly1 ei!r to make an ent]ta9m5t among su* p]sons ( ! said p>i% ( ,/4 ,clem5t1 :o %\ld be at v>iance ) ea* o!r1 9 ! week prec$+ ,ea/]1 to induce su* p]sons to beget bro!rly love among/ !m2 or if none %\ld be f\nd 9 ! said p>i%1 !n to make an ent]ta9m5t ) ! said five %ill+s1 at ! tav]n1 among/ ! hone/ p>i%ion]s ( ! said p>i% on ! day ( our ,"l's ,supp]1 commonly call$ ,%]e ,?ursday1 t !y might pray m f]v5tly = ! s\ls ( c]ta9 p]sons nam$ 9 8 w4--,edw>ds1 ,old ,engli% ,cu/oms & ,*>ities1 #ahdb1 p4 #adf4 ,by ind5ture1 be>+ date #aa? ,april1 #afia1 ,john ,hall1 grant$ a messuage1 9 ! p>i% ( ,/4 ,m>t9 ,ong>1 to ,francis ,k5ton & ano!r1 9 tru/ to pay out ( ! r5ts !re(1 among/ o!r sums1 t5 %ill+s a ye>1 to ! *ur*w>d5s ( ! p>i% ( ,/4 ,clem5t1 ,ea/*eap1 ,london1 on ! ,?ursday next be=e ,ea/]1 to provide two turkeys = ! p>i%ion]s1 to be eat5 at _! annual fea/1 call$ ! reconcil+ or love fea/1 usually made on t day4 ,! h\se is 9 ! possession ( ! ,weav]s' ,company1 :o make ! paym5t = ! turkeys annually4--,ibid4 p4 #fj4 ,,nor?umb]l&4 ,! ,?ursday be=e ,ea/] is call$ ,bloody ,?ursday by "s ( ! inhabitants ( ?is & ! neighb\r+ c\nty ( ,york%ire4--,n4 ,q4 #a/ ,s4 vol4 x4 p4 #hg2 #d? ,s4 vol4 v4 p4 #eie4 ,,m>* #bj4 ,,good ,,friday4 ,! t]m ,good ,friday is errone\sly said to be peculi> to ! ,engli% ,*ur*2 b x is c]ta9ly an adoption ( ! old ,g]man ,gute ,freytag1 :i* may h be5 a corruption ( ,gottes ,freytag1 ,god's ,friday1 s call$ on ! same pr9ciple t ,ea/] ,day 9 ,engl& 0 at "o p]iod d5om9at$ ,god's ,day4 ,9 a manuscript homily1 entitl$ ,exortacio 9 die ,pas*e1 writt5 ab\t ! reign ( ,edw>d ,,iv41 we are told t ! ,pas*al ,day 89 "s place is call$e ,e/]ne ,day1 & 9 sum place ,goddes ,day40--,h>l4 ,,mss4 ,cod4 id4 fol4 #id4 ,ano!r ,,ms4 quot$ by ,/rutt 7,horda ,angel-,cynna1 vol4 iii4 p4 #age7 says x is call$ ,good ,friday1 because on ?is day good m5 7 reconcil$ to ,god4 ,! l5g? ( ! s]vices 9 anci5t times on ?is day1 occasion$ x to be call$ ,long ,friday1 ! ,lang ,frigdg ( ! ,anglo-,saxons1 :i* !y probably receiv$ f ! ,danes1 by :om at ! pres5t "t ! day is d5om9at$ ,lang ,fr$ay4--,m$4 vi ,kal5d4 #ahda1 vol4 i4 p4 #ahf4 ,! old c]emony ( ,creep+ to ! ,cross on ,good ,friday is giv5 f an anci5t book ( ! c]emonial ( ! ,k+s ( ,engl&1 9 ! ,notes to ! ,nor?umb]l& ,h\sehold ,book4 ,! u%] 0 to lay a c>pet = ! k+ to 8creepe to ! ,crosse ^u40 ,! ,que5 & h] ladies 7 also to creepe to ! ,crosse4 ,9 an orig9al ,proclamation1 black lett]1 dat$ #bf? ,febru>y1 #cj? ,h5ry ,,viii41 9 ! fir/ volume ( a ,collection ( ,proclamations 9 ! ar*ives ( ! ,society ( ,antiqu>ies ( ,london 7p4 #ach71 we read3 8,on ,good ,friday x %all be decl>$ h[e creepyng ( ! ,crosse signifye? an humblynge ( ourselfe to ,*ri/e be=e ! ,crosse1 & ! kyssynge ( x a memorie ( our r$emption made ^u ! ,crosse40 ,anci5tly x 0 a cu/om ) ! k+s ( ,engl& on ,good ,friday to hall[1 ) great c]emony1 c]ta9 r+s1 ! we>+ ( :i* 0 believ$ to prev5t ! fall+ sickness4 ,! cu/om orig9at$ f a r+1 long pres]v$ ) great v5]ation 9 ,we/m9/] ,abbey1 :i* 0 report$ to h be5 br\ght to ,k+ ,edw>d by "s p]sons com+ f ,j]usalem1 & :i* he himself _h long be=e giv5 privately to a poor p]son1 :o _h ask$ alms ( him = ! love he b>e to ,/4 ,john ! ,evangeli/4 ,! r+s consecrat$ by ! sov]eign 7 call$ 8,cramp-r+s10 & !re 0 a special s]vice = _! consecration4 ,&rew ,boorde1 9 8 ,brevi>y ( ,heal?1 #aeeg1 speak+ ( ! cramp1 says1 8,! ,kynge's ,maje/ie ha? a great helpe 9 ?is matt] 9 hal[yng crampe-r+es1 & s gev5 )\t money or petition40 ,good ,friday has n[ almo/ ceas$ to be consid]$ a fa/ by a great numb] ( p4 ,by _m inde$ its solemn significance is by no means neglect$2 b :ile ^! att5d ! *ur*es o!rs make high holiday4 ,on ?is day excursion tra9s beg9 runn+1 foot-races are adv]tis$1 donkeys & gipsy driv]s make _! fir/ appe>ance = ! season on hea?s & commons1 & ,corni% & ,devon%ire wre/l]s /ruggle = muscul> triumphs 9 ! pres5ce ( excit$ multitudes4--,n4 ,q4 #e? ,s4 vol4 i4 p4 #bfa4 ,9 _m p>ts a small loaf ( bread is bak$ on ! morn+ ( ,good ,friday1 & !n put by till ! same anniv]s>y 9 ! ensu+ ye>4 ,?is bread is n int5d$ to be eat51 b to be us$ z a m$ic9e1 & ! mode ( adm9i/]+ x is by grat+ a small portion ( x into wat] & =m+ a sort ( panada4 ,x is believ$ to be good = _m disord]s1 b p>ticul>ly = di>rha1 = :i* x is consid]$ a sov]eign rem$y4 ,"s ye>s ago1 a cottag] lam5t$ t h] poor neighb\r mu/ c]ta9ly die ( ?is compla9t1 because %e _h already giv5 h] two doses ( ,good ,friday bread )\t any b5efit4--,br&1 ,pop4 ,antiq4 #ahdi1 vol4 i4 p4 #aee2 see ,n4 ,q4 #crd ,s4 vol4 iii4 pp4 #bfb1 #bfc2 see also p4 #aeg4 ,9 ,london1 & all ov] ,engl& 7n1 h[ev]1 9 ,scotl&71 ! morn+ ( ,good ,friday is u%]$ 9 ) a univ]sal cry ( ,hot cross buns6 ,a p>cel ( !m appe>s on e breakfa/-table4 ,x is r a small bun1 m ?an usually spic$1 & hav+ its br[n sug>y surface m>k$ ) a cross4 ,! e> ( e p]son :o has ev] dwelt 9 ,engl& is famil> ) ! cry ( ! /reet bun-v5dors3 8,"o a p5ny1 buns1 ,two a p5ny1 buns1 ,"o a p5ny1 two a p5ny1 ,hot ,cross buns60 ,book ( ,days1 vol4 i4 p4 #dah4 ,! foll[+ l9es are tak5 f ,poor ,rob9's ,almanac = #agcc3 8,good ,friday comes ?is mon?1 ! old woman runs ,) "o or two a p5ny hot cross buns1 ,^: virtue is1 if y believe :at's said1 ,!y'll n gr[ m\ldy l ! common bread40 ,x seems m ?an probable t ! cross ^u ! ,good ,friday bun is int5d$ to rem9d ! dev\t ( a ,savi\r's suff]+s4 ,! foll[+ extract 9 illu/ration ( ! anci5t "n & use ( ! bun is f ,bryant's ,analysis ( ,anci5t ,my?ology1 #ahjg1 vol4 i4 pp4 #cga-cgc3 8,! (f]+s :i* p 9 anci5t times us$ to pres5t to ! gods 7 g5]ally pur*as$ at ! entrance ( ! ,temple1 especially e species ( consecrat$ bread1 :i* 0 d5om9at$ accord+ly4 ,"o species ( sacr$ bread :i* us$ to be (f]$ to ! gods 0 ( great antiquity1 & call$ ,b\n4 ,hesy*ius speaks ( ! ,b\n1 & describes x z a #8k9d ( cake ) a repres5tation ( two horns4'0 ,julius ,pollux m5tions x aft] ! same mann]1 8a sort ( cake ) horns40 ,x mu/ be obs]v$1 h[ev]1 z ,dr4 ,jamieson rem>ks1 t ! t]m occurs 9 ,hesy*ius 9 ! =m ( 1 & t = ! support ( ! etymon ,bryant f9ds x necess>y to /ate t 8! ,greeks1 :o *ang$ ! nu f9al into a sigma1 express$ x 9 ! nom9ative 1 b 9 ! accusative m truly 40 ,w9ckelman relates ?is rem>kable fact1 t at ,h]culaneum 7 f\nd two entire loaves ( ! same size1 a palm & a half1 or five in*es 9 diamet]2 !y 7 m>k$ by a cross1 )9 :i* 7 f\r o!r l9es1 & s ! bread ( ! ,greeks 0 m>k$ f ! e>lie/ p]iod4--,m$4 vi ,kal5d4 vol4 i4 p4 #ahg4 ,! ,romans divid$ _! sacr$ cakes ) l9es int]sect+ ea* o!r 9 ! c5tre at "r angles1 & call$ ! qu>t]s ,quadra4 8,et viol>e manu malisque audacibus orbem ,fatalis cru/i1 patulis nec p>c]e quadris40 ,virg4 n4 lib4 vii4 #aad1 #aae4 8,nec te liba juvant1 nec sect quadra plac5t40 ,m>t4 lib4 iii4 ,epig4 #gg4 ,9 ! ,nor? ( ,engl& a h]b-pudd+1 9 :i* ! leaves ( ! passion-dock 7,polygonum ,bi/orta7 are a pr9cipal +r$i5t1 is an indisp5sable di% on ?is day4 ,! cu/om is ( anci5t date1 & x is n improbable t ?is plant1 & ! pudd+ *iefly compos$ ( x1 7 int5d$ to excite a grateful rem9isc5ce ( ! ,passion1 ) a suitable ackn[l$gm5t ( ! ine/imable bless+s ( ! ,r$emption4--,br&1 ,pop4 ,antiq4 #ahdi1 vol4 i4 p4 #aej4 ,,b$=d%ire4 ,a ye>ly contribution is made ( "o qu>t] ( :eat1 "o qu>t] ( b>ley1 & "o qu>t] ( beans1 by ! proprietor ( ! great ti!s ( ! p>i% ( ,eaton ,bray1 to be di/ribut$ among ! poor ( ! p>i% on ,good ,friday4 ,! great ti!s ( ,eaton ,bray are ve/$ 9 ! ,ma/] & ,fell[s ( ,tr9ity ,college1 ,cambridge1 by ^: lessee ! quantity ( gra9 above specifi$ is regul>ly suppli$2 ! :ole ( :i* is di/ribut$ on ,good ,friday by ! *ur*w>d5s & ov]se]s1 among poor p]sons select$ by !m1 9 proportion to _! sev]al wants & necessities4--,old ,engli% ,cu/oms & ,*>ities1 p4 #cc4 ,,b]k%ire4 ,john ,blagrave1 by w dat$ #cj? ,june1 #afaa1 devis$ to ,joseph ,blagrave & 8 heirs a mansion-h\se 9 ,swall[field1 & all 8 l&s & messuages 9 ,swall[field1 ,ev]sley1 & ,read+1 on condition t !y %\ld ye>ly1 = ev]1 ^u ,good ,friday1 betwe5 ! h\rs ( six & n9e 9 ! morn+1 pay #ajl41 9 a new purse ( lea!r1 to ! mayor & burgesses1 to ! int5t t !y %\ld provide t ! same %\ld ye>ly be be/[$ 9 ! =5oon ( ! same day 9 ! foll[+ mann]1 viz41 tw5ty nobles to "o poor maid5 s]vant :o %\ld h s]v$1 dwelt1 & cont9u$ 9 any "o s]vice )9 any ( ! ?ree p>i%es ( ,read+1 9 good "n & fame1 five ye>s at ! lea/1 = h] pref]m5t 9 m>riage2 & to avoid p>tiality 9 ! *oice1 he ord]$ t !re %\ld be e ,good ,friday ?ree su* maid5s 9 election1 to ca/ & try by lot ^: ! =tune %\ld be1 & t ( ^? ?ree "o %\ld be tak5 out ( ea* p>i%1 if x c\ld be1 & t e fif? ye> "o ( ! ?ree %\ld be *os5 f ,s\?cote1 if any !re %\ld h liv$ s long2 & t !re %\ld be special *oice ( su* maids z _h s]v$ longe/ 9 any "o place1 & ^: fri5ds 7 ( lea/ ability to help !m4 ,t t5 %ill+s %\ld be giv5 on ! same day to ! prea*] ( ,/4 ,laur5ce = a s]mon2 & t aft]w>ds !re %\ld be tw5ty %ill+s giv5 to ?reescore ( ! poore/ h\sehold]s ( ! same p>i% :o %\ld accompany ! maid5 to :om ! lot _h fall5 home to h] dwell+-place1 & !re leave h] ) h] purse ( tw5ty nobles4 ,t ! r+] %\ld h ?ree %ill+s & f\rp5ce to r+ a peal till ! same maid5 rea*$ home4--,old ,engli% ,cu/oms & ,*>ities1 p4 #adg4 ,,devon%ire--,,dorset%ire4 ,9 "s p>i%es 9 ^! c\nties ! cl]k c>ries r\nd to e h\se a few :ite cakes z an ,ea/] (f]+2 ^! cakes1 :i* are ab\t ! eigh? ( an in* ?ick1 & ( two sizes--! l>g] be+ sev5 or eight in*es1 ! small] ab\t five 9 diamet]--h a m+l$ bitt] & sweet ta/e4 ,9 return = ^! cakes1 :i* are always di/ribut$ aft] ,div9e s]vice on ,good ,friday1 ! cl]k receives a gratuity accord+ to ! circum/ances or g5]osity ( ! h\sehold]4--,book ( ,days1 vol4 i4 p4 #dbf4 ,,essex4 ,9 ! c5tre ( ,wal?am ,*ur*1 & susp5d$ f ! ceil+1 !re =m]ly 0 a l>ge & h&some brass *&eli]1 :i* _h ?irty-six c&les1 & us$ to be light$ up only on ! ev5+ ( ,good ,friday1 :5 ! *ur* 0 ?rong$ ) p]sons f ! surr\nd+ p>i%es = miles1 :o 7 *iefly attract$ by ! s++ ( ! p>i% *oir1 at t "t des]v$ly 9 repute4 ,! *&eli] 0 remov$ 9 effect+ ! re/oration ( ! *ur*4--,mayn>d1 ,hi/ory ( ,wal?am ,abbey1 #ahfe1 p4 #dj4 ,,lanca%ire4 ,! practice ( eat+ fig-sue is preval5t 9 ,nor? ,lanca%ire on ,good ,friday4 ,x is a mixture consi/+ ( ale1 slic$ figs1 bread1 & nutmeg = season+1 boil$ toge!r1 & eat5 hot l s\p4--,n4 ,q4 #crd ,s4 vol4 p4 #bba4 ,if an unlucky fell[ is caught ) 8 lady-love on ?is day 9 ,lanca%ire1 he is foll[$ home by a b& ( musicians play+ on pok]s1 tongs1 pan-lids1 etc41 unless he c get rid ( 8 torm5tors by giv+ !m money to dr9k )4--,n4 ,q4 #a/ ,s4 vol4 ii4 p4 #eaf4 ,9 "s places 9 ?is c\nty1 ,good ,friday is t]m$ 8,crackl9 ,friday10 z on t day x is cu/om>y = *ildr5 to g ) a small basket to diff]5t h\ses1 to beg small :eat5 cakes1 :i* are some?+ l ! ,jews' ,passov] bread1 b made %ort] or ri*]1 by hav+ butt] or l>d mix$ ) ! fl\r4 8,take ) !e loaves & cracknels0 7#a ,k+s1 xiv4 #c74--;,h>l& & ,wilk9son1 ,lanca%ire ,folk-,lore1 #ahfg1 p4 #bbg4 ,,l9coln%ire4 ,9 ,gl5?am ,*ur* !re is a tomb ) a figure kn[n z ,molly ,grime4 ,=m]ly ?is figure 0 regul>ly wa%$ e ,good ,friday by sev5 old maids ( ,gl5?am1 ) wat] br\ght f ,newell ,well1 ea* receiv+ a %ill+ = h] tr\ble1 9 consequ5ce ( an old beque/ connect$ ) "s prop]ty 9 t di/rict4 ,ab\t #ahcb ! cu/om 0 discont9u$4--,old ,engli% ,cu/oms & ,*>ities1 #ahdb1 p4 #ajj4 ,,isle ,,( ,,man4 ,good ,friday is 9 "s in/ances sup]/iti\sly reg>d$ 9 ! ,isle ( ,man4 ,no iron ( any k9d mu/ be put into ! fire on t day1 & ev5 ! tongs are laid aside1 le/ any p]son %\ld un=tunately =get ?is cu/om & /ir ! fire ) !m2 by way ( a sub/itute a /ick ( ! r[an tree is us$4 ,to avoid also ! necessity ( hang+ ! griddle ov] ! fire1 le/ ! iron ( x %\ld come 9 contact ) a sp>k ( flame1 a l>ge hammock or soddog is made1 ) ?ree corn]s1 & bak$ on ! he>?4--,tra91 ,hi/ory ( ! ,isle ( ,man1 #ahde1 vol4 #b1 p4 #aag4 ,,middlesex4 ,x 0 = a consid]able p]iod cu/om>y on ,good ,friday = a s]mon to be prea*$ 9 ! aft]noon at ,/4 ,paul's ,cross1#bh ,london1 ! subject g5]ally be+ ,*ri/'s ,passion4 ,! ,"l ,mayor & ,ald]m5 usually att5d$4 #bh ,respect+ ! age ( ,/4 ,paul's ,cross1 ,/[ decl>es himself ignorant4 ,dugdale1 h[ev]1 records1 on ! au?ority ( ,+ulphus1 t its prototype1 a cross ( /one1 0 erect$ on ! same spot1 ,a4,d4 #hgj1 to induce ! pass]s-by to (f] pray]s = c]ta9 monks sla9 by ! ,danes4 ,/4 ,paul's ,cross consi/$ ( "s /eps1 on :i* 0 =m$ a wood5 pulpit1 cov]$ ) lead1 :5ce s]mons 7 prea*$ to ! p e ,sunday morn+4 ,x 0 n1 h[ev]1 specially res]v$ = ?is purpose2 s9ce f ?is place1 at times1 ! ana!ma ( ! ,pope 0 ?und]$ =?1 or ! ord9ances ( ! reign+ k+ 7 publi%$1 h]esies 7 recant$1 & s9s aton$ = by p5ance4 ,s e>ly z #abef1 we f9d ,john ,mancell call+ a meet+ at ,p[ly's ,crosse1 & %[+ ! p t x 0 ! k+'s desire t !y %\ld be 8rulyd ) ju/yce1 & t ! lib]tyes ( ! cytie %ulde be maynteyn$ 9 e poynt40 ,9 #abii ! ,dean ( ,/4 ,paul's proclaim$ f ! ,cross t all p]sons :o se>*$ = treasure 9 ! *ur* ( ,/4 ,m>t9-le-,gr&1 or cons5t$ to ! se>*+1 7 accurs$2 & x 0 "h t ,jane ,%ore1 ) a tap] 9 "o h&1 & array$ 9 h] #8kyrtell onelye1' 0 expos$ to op5 p5ance4 ,aft] #afcc1 s]mons 7 no long] prea*$ at ! ,cross1 b )9 ! ca!dral2 & 9 #afdc x 0 altoge!r tak5 d[n4--,godw9 & ,britton1 ,*ur*es ( ,london1 #ahci2 ,p5nant1 ,acc\nt ( ,london1 #agic2 ,brayley1 ,lond9iana1 #ahbi4 ,at ! *ur* ( ,all ,hall[s1 ,lomb>d ,/reet1 a s]mon is prea*$ e ,good ,friday 9 accordance ) ! directions ( ! w ( ,pet] ,symonds1 dat$ #aehg4 ,gifts1 also1 are di/ribut$1 consi/+ ( a new p5ny & a packet ( rais9s1 to a c]ta9 numb] ( ! y\ng] s*ol>s ( ,*ri/'s ,hospital4--,city ,press1 ,april #ab?1 #ahgc4bi #bi ,"u ! same w ! *ildr5 ( ,langb\rn ,w>d ,s*ools :o help 9 ! *oir1 & ! *ildr5 ( ! ,sunday ,s*ool1 receive ea* a bun1 & v>i\s sums ( new money1 rang+ f #a;d4 to #as41 besides ! poor ( ! p>i%1 on :om x be/[$ #as4 ea* & a loaf4 ,! money us$ to be giv5 away ov] ! tomb ( ! donor1 until ! railway 9 ,liv]pool ,/reet effac$ ! spot4--,city ,press1 ,april #ab1 #ahgc4 ,j outside ! *ur* ( ,/4 ,b>?olomew-!-,great1 ,smi?field1 ! rector places tw5ty-"o sixp5ces on a grave/one1 :i* ! same numb] ( poor wid[s pick up4 ,! cu/om is ne>ly z old z ! *ur*1 & orig9at$ 9 ! w ( a lady1 :o left a sum ( money to pay = ! s]mon1 & to yield ^! sixp5ces to be di/ribut$ ov] h] grave4 ,z h[ev]1 h] w is lo/1 & h] tomb gone1 ! tradition>y spot ( h] int]m5t is *os5 = ! di/ribution1 a /range "p ( ! tradition be+ t any "o be+ too /iff 9 ! jo9ts to pick up ! money is n to receive x4--,ibid4 ,on ,good ,friday ! ,portuguese & ,s\? ,am]ican vessels 9 ! ,london ,docks obs]ve _! annual cu/om ( flogg+ ,judas ,isc>iot4 ,! foll[+ extract is tak5 f ! ,times 7,april #e?1 #ahgd73--8;,at daybreak a block ( wood1 r\ghly c>v$ to imitate ! ,betray]1 & clo!d 9 an ord9>y sailor's suit1 ) a r$ wor/$ cap on its head1 0 hoi/$ by a rope r\nd its neck into ! =e-rigg+2 ! crews ( ! v>i\s vessels !n w5t to *apel1 & on _! return1 ab\t #aa a4m41 ! figure 0 l[]$ f ! rigg+1 & ca/ into ! dock1 & duck$ ?ree times4 ,x 0 !n hoi/$ on bo>d1 & aft] be+ kick$ r\nd ! deck 0 la%$ to ! cap/an4 ,! crew1 :o _h work$ !mselves into a /ate ( frantic excitem5t1 !n ) knott$ ropes la%$ ! effigy till e ve/ige ( clo?+ _h be5 cut to tatt]s4 ,dur+ ?is process ! %ip's bell kept up an incessant clang1 & ! capta9s ( ! %ips s]v$ out grog to ! m54 ,^? n engag$ 9 ! flogg+ kept up a sort ( rude *ant int]mix$ ) d5unciations ( ! ,betray]4 ,! c]emony end$ ) ! burn+ ( ! effigy amid ! je]s ( ! cr[d40 ,!re is an indorsem5t on "o ( ! ind5tures ( gift to ! p>i% ( ,hamp/ead /at+ t #dj _h be5 giv5 by a maid1 deceas$1 to ! int5t t ! *ur*w>d5s = ! "t be+ %\ld provide & give to e "o--ri* & poor1 great & small1 "y & old p]sons--inhabit+ ! p>i%1 ^u e ,good ,friday ye>ly = ev]1 "o halfp5ny loaf ( :eat5 bread4--,old ,engli% ,cu/oms & ,*>ities1 p4 #af4 ,,ox=d%ire4 ,=m]ly1 at ,braz5-nose ,college1 ,ox=d1 ! s*ol>s _h almonds1 rais9s1 & figs = d9n] on ,good ,friday1 z appe>s by a receipt ( ?irty %ill+s1 paid by ! butl] ( ! ,college1 = 8elev5 p\nds ( almonds1 ?irty-five p\nds ( rais9s1 & ?irte5 p\nds ( figs1 s]v'd into ,braz5-nose ,college1 ,m>* #bh?1 #affb40--,po9t]'s ,oxoni5sis ,academia1 #agdi1 p4 #ga4 ,,surrey4 ,a cu/om1 ! orig9 ( :i* is lo/ 9 ! obscurity ( "t1 prevails 9 ! neighb\rhood ( ,guild=d ( mak+ a pilgrimage to ,/4 ,m>?a's 7or ,m>tyr's7 ,hill on ,good ,friday4 ,?i!r f all ! c\ntry side y\?s & maid5s1 old folks & *ildr51 betake !mselves1 & ga!r$ toge!r on "o ( ! mo/ beautiful spots 9 ,surrey1 9 full sight ( an old ,norman ,*ur* :i* cr[ns ! gre5 summit ( ! hill1 beguile ! "t ) music & danc+4 ,:atev] ! orig9 ( ?is pilgrimage to ,/4 ,m>?a's1 x is app>5tly "o t comm5ds itself to ! ta/e ( ! pres5t g5]ation1 & is n likely to die out ) ! lapse ( ye>s1 b to increase 9 popul> e/imation z long z ! gre5 hill la/s to attract ! wor%ipp]s ( natural beauty1 or to furni% ! m]e vot>ies ( pleasure ) ! excuse & ! opportunity = a pleasant holiday4--,times1 ,april #ah?1 #ahgj4 ,,sussex4 ,at ,brighton1 on ?is day1 ! *ildr5 9 ! back /reets br+ up ropes f ! bea*4 ,"o /&s on ! pavem5t on "o side1 & "o on ! o!r1 :ile "o skips 9 ! middle ( ! /reet4 ,sometimes a pair 7a boy & a girl7 skip toge!r1 & sometimes a great fat ba?+-woman w take h] place1 & skip z m]rily z ! gr&sire danc$ 9 ,goldsmi?'s ,travell]4 ,!y call ! day 8,long ,rope ,day40 ,?is 0 done z lately z #ahfc4--,n4 ,q4 #crd ,s4 vol4 iii4 p4 #ddd4 ,,worce/]%ire4 ,! p>i% *ur* at ,leigh is deck$ on ?is day ) 8fun]eal yew40 ,! same cu/om exi/s also at ,belbr\ghton 9 ! same c\nty4--,n4 ,q4 #bnd ,s4 vol4 i4 p4 #bfg4 ,,york%ire4 ,9 ,ea/ ,york%ire x 0 cu/om>y to keep a hot-cross-bun f "o ,good ,friday to ! next1 z x 0 reput$ n to turn m\ldy1 & to protect ! h\se f fire4 ,pres5ts ( eggs & buns are made on ?is day4--,n4 ,q4 #d? ,s4 vol4 v4 p4 #eie4 ,,wales4 ,at ,t5by1 z late z ! end ( ! la/ c5tury1 ! old p 7 9 ! habit ( walk+ b>efoot$ to ! *ur*--a cu/om cont9u$ f times prior to ! ,re=mation4 ,return+ home f *ur* !y regal$ !mselves ) hot-cross-buns1 & hav+ ti$ a c]ta9 numb] 9 a bag1 !y hung !m up 9 ! kit*51 :]e !y rema9$ till ! next ,good ,friday = m$ic9al purposes1 ! belief be+ t p]sons lab\r+ "u any disease _h only to eat ( a bun to be cur$4 ,ab\t ?is "t _m "y p]sons w\ld meet toge!r to 8make ,*ri/'s b$40 ,?is 0 done by ga!r+ a quantity ( long re$-leaves f ! riv]1 & weav+ !m into ! %ape ( a man2 !y !n laid ! figure on a wood5 cross 9 a retir$ "p ( a field or g>d51 :]e !y left x4 ,?is cu/om is p]haps d]iv$ f an old popul> popi% cu/om ( bury+ an image ( ,*ri/ on ,good ,friday1 :i* is describ$ 9 ,b>nabe ,googe's translation ( ,nao-,georgus3 8,ano!r image d !y get1 l "o b newly deade1 ,) legges /ret*t out at l5g?1 & h&s ^u 8 body spreade3 ,& him ) pomp & sacr$ song !y be>e unto 8 grave40 --,mason1 ,tales & ,traditions ( ,t5by1 #aheh1 p4 #ai4 ,,irel&4 ,9 ! midl& di/ricts ( ,irel&1 viz41 ! prov9ce ( ,connaught1 on ,good ,friday1 x is a common practice ) ! l[] ord]s ( ,iri% ,ca?olics to prev5t _! *ildr5 hav+ any su/5ance1 ev5 to ^? at ! brea/1 f twelve o'clock on ! previ\s night to ! same h\r on ,friday1 & ! fa!rs & mo!rs w only take a small piece ( dry bread & a draught ( wat] dur+ ! day4 ,x is a common sight to see along ! roads betwe5 ! diff]5t m>ket t[ns1 numb]s ( wom5 ) _! hair di%evell$1 b>efoot$1 & 9 _! wor/ g>m5ts3 all ?is is 9 imitation ( ,*ri/'s ,passion4--,e ,day ,book1 vol4 ii4 p4 #daa4 ,,m>* #ba4 ,,ea/] ,,eve4 ,on ,ea/] ,eve x 0 cu/om>y 9 our own c\ntry to light 9 ! *ur*es :at 0 call$ ! ,pas*al ,tap]4 ,9 ,coates's ,hi/ory ( ,read+ 7#ahjb1 p4 #aca7 is ! foll[+ extract f ! ,*ur*w>d5's acc\nts3 8,paid = makynge ( ! ,pas*all & ! ,funte ,tap]1 #es4 #h;d40 ,a note on ?is obs]ves1 8,! ,pascal tap] 0 usually v l>ge4 ,9 #aeeg ! ,pascal tap] = ! ,abbey ,*ur* ( ,we/m9/] 0 #cjj p\nds weight40--,br&1 ,pop4 ,antiq41 #ahdi1 vol4 i4 p4 #aeh4 ,on ! eves ( ,ea/] & ,:itsunday ,font-hall[+ 0 "o ( ! v _m c]emonies 9 e>ly times4 ,! writ] ( a ,,ms4 volume ( ,homilies 9 ! ,h>leian ,libr>y1 ,no4 #bcga1 says1 89 ! begynn+ ( holy *ir*1 all ! *ildr5 w]5 kept to be *ry/5$ on ?ys ev51 at ! font-hall[yng2 b n[1 = en*esone t 9 s long abydynge !y might dye )\t *ry/5dome1 !re=e holi *ir* ordeyne? to *ry/5 9 all tymes ( ! ye>e1 save eyght dayes be=e ^! ev5ys ! *ylde %alle abyde till ! font-hall[+1 if x may safely = p]ill ( dea?1 & ells n40 ,,cumb]l&1 ,,etc4 ,9 ,cumb]l& & ,we/morel&1 & o!r p>ts ( ! nor? ( ,engl&1 boys beg1 on ,ea/] ,eve1 eggs to play )1 & begg>s ask = !m to eat4 ,^! eggs are h>d5$ by boil+1 & t+$ ) ! juice ( h]bs1 broom-fl[]s1 c4 ,! eggs be+ ?us prep>$1 ! boys g out & play ) !m 9 ! fields2 roll+ !m up & d[n l b[ls ^u ! gr\nd1 or ?r[+ !m up l balls into ! air4--,br&1 ,pop4 ,antiq4 #ahdi1 vol4 i4 p4 #agb4 ,,dorset%ire4 ,dur+ ! la/ c5tury x 0 cu/om>y 9 ?is c\nty1 on ,ea/] ,eve1 = ! boys to =m a procession be>+ r\gh tor*es1 & a small black flag1 *ant+ ! foll[+ l9es3 8,we fa/$ 9 ! light1 ,= ?is is ! night40 ,?is cu/om 0 no d\bt a relic ( ! ,popi% c]emony =m]ly 9 vogue at ?is season4--,br&1 ,pop4 ,antiq41 #ahdi1 vol4 i4 p4 #afj4 ,,middlesex4 ,brayley 9 8 ,lond9iana 7#ahbi1 vol4 ii4 p4 #bjg7 m5tions a cu/om ( ! %]iffs1 att5d$ by ! ,"l ,mayor1 go+ ?r\gh ! /reets on ,ea/] ,eve1 to collect *>ity = ! prison]s 9 ! city prisons4 ,,york%ire4 ,9 ,ea/ ,york%ire "y folks g to ! ne>e/ m>ket-t[n to buy "s small article ( dress or p]sonal ornam5t1 to we> = ! fir/ "t on ,ea/] ,sunday1 z o!rwise !y believe t birds--notably rooks or 8crakes0--w spoil _! clo!s4--,n4 ,q4 #d? ,s4 vol4 v4 p4 #eie4 ,9 allusion to ! cu/om ( we>+ new clo!s on ,ea/] ,day ,poor ,rob9 says3 8,at ,ea/] let y\r clo!s be new1 ,or else be sure y w x rue40 ,,irel&4 ,! day be=e ,ea/] ,day is 9 "s p>ts call$ 8,holy ,saturday40 ,on ! ev5+ ( ?is day1 9 ! middle p>ts ( ,irel&1 great prep>ations are made = ! f9i%+ ( ,l5t4 ,_m a fat h5 & da9ty piece ( bacon is put into ! pot1 by ! cott]'s wife1 ab\t eight or n9e o'clock1 & woe be to ! p]son :o %\ld ta/e x be=e ! cock cr[s4 ,at twelve is he>d ! clapp+ ( h&s1 & ! joy\s laugh1 mix$ ) an ,iri% phrase :i* signifies 8out ) ! ,l5t40 ,all is m]rim5t = a few h\rs1 :5 !y retire1 & rise ab\t f\r o'clock to see ! sun dance 9 hon\r ( ! ,resurrection4 ,?is ignorant cu/om is n conf9$ to ! humble lab\r] & 8 family1 b is scrupul\sly obs]v$ by _m highly respectable & weal?y families4--,br&1 ,pop4 ,antiq4 #ahdi1 vol4 i4 p4 #afa4 ,,m>* #bb4 ,,ea/] ,,day4 ,ea/]1 ! anniv]s>y ( our ,"l's ,resurrection f ! dead1 is "o ( ! ?ree great fe/ivals ( ! ,*ri/ian ye>--! o!r two be+ ,*ri/mas & ,:itsuntide4 ,f ! e>lie/ p]iod ( ,*ri/ianity d[n to ! pres5t day1 x has always be5 celebrat$ by believ]s ) ! greate/ joy1 & acc\nt$ ! que5 ( fe/ivals4 ,9 primitive times x 0 usual = ,*ri/ians to salute ea* o!r on ! morn+ ( ?is day by exclaim+1 #8,*ri/ is ris52' to :i* ! p]son salut$ repli$1 #8,*ri/ is ris5 inde$1' or else1 #8,& ha? appe>$ unto ,simon'--a cu/om /ill reta9$ 9 ! ,greek ,*ur*4 ,! t]m ,ea/] is d]iv$1 z "s suppose1 f ,eo/re1#cj ! "n ( a ,saxon deity1 ^: fea/ 0 celebrat$ e ye> 9 ! spr+1 ab\t ! same "t z ! ,*ri/ian fe/ival--! "n be+ reta9$ :5 ! "* ( ! fea/ 0 *ang$1 or1 z o!rs suppose1 f ,o/]1 :i* signifies ris+4 ,if ! latt] supposition be correct1 ,ea/] is 9 "n1 z well z reality1 ! fea/ ( ! ,resurrection4--,book ( ,days1 vol4 i4 p4 #dbc2 see ,m$4 vi ,kal5d4 vol4 ii4 p4 #ajj4 #cj ,eo/re is p]haps a corruption ( ,a/>te1 ! "n "u :i* ! ,assyrians1 ,babylonians1 ,phnicians1 & ! mo/ anci5t nations ( ! ea/ wor%ipp$ ! moon1 9 l mann] z !y ador$ ! sun1 "u ! "n ( ,baal4 ,9 =m] times x 0 cu/om>y to make pres5ts ( gloves at ,ea/]4 ,9 ,bi%op ,hall's ,virgidem>ium1 #aeih1 iv4 #e1 allusion is made to ?is cu/om4 8,= ,ea/] gloves1 or = a ,%rovetide h51 ,:i* b\ght to give1 he takes to sell aga940 ,x 0 an old cu/om = ! b>b]s to come & %ave ! p>i%ion]s 9 ! *ur*y>d on ,sundays & high fe/ivals 7at ,ea/]1 etc417 be=e mat9s1 :i* lib]ty 0 reta9$ by a p>ticul> inhibition ( ,ri*>d ,flemmyng1 ,bi%op ( ,l9coln1 ,a4,d4 #adbb4--,"t's ,telescope1 #ahbf1 p4 #gc4 ,allusion is made by ,mr4 ,fosbroke 7,briti% ,mona*ism1 #ahdc1 p4 #ef7 to a cu/om 9 ! ?irte5? c5tury ( seiz+ all ecclesia/ics :o walk$ abroad betwe5 ,ea/] & ,p5teco/1 because ! ,apo/les 7 seiz$ by ! ,jews aft] ,*ri/'s ,passion1 & mak+ !m pur*ase _! lib]ty by money4 ,! cu/om ( eat+ a 8gammon at ,ea/]10 says ,aubrey 7:i* is /ill kept up 9 _m p>ts ( ,engl&71 0 f\nd$ on ?is1 viz41 to %[ _! abhorr5ce ( ,judaism at t solemn commemoration ( our ,"l's ,resurrection4 ,( late ye>s ! practice ( decorat+ *ur*es ) fl[]s on ?is fe/ival has be5 mu* reviv$4 ,,cornwall4 ,a v s+ul> cu/om prevail$ at ,lo/)iel on ,ea/] ,sunday4 ,! freehold]s ( ! t[n & manor hav+ assembl$ toge!r1 ei!r 9 p]son or by _! deputies1 "o among !m1 ea* 9 8 turn1 gaily attir$ & gallantly m\nt$1 ) a sceptre 9 8 h&1 a cr[n on 8 head1 & a sword borne be=e him1 & respectfully att5d$ by all ! re/ on horseback1 rode ?r\gh ! pr9cipal /reet 9 solemn /ate to ! *ur*4 ,at ! *ur*y>d /ile ! curate1 or o!r m9i/]1 approa*$ to meet him 9 rev]5tial pomp1 & !n conduct$ him to *ur* to he> div9e s]vice4 ,on leav+ ! *ur* he repair$1 ) ! same pomp & ret9ue1 to a h\se previ\sly prep>$ = 8 reception4 ,"h a fea/1 suit$ to ! dignity he _h assum$1 await$ him & 8 suite1 & be+ plac$ at ! head ( ! table1 he 0 s]v$1 kneel+1 ) all ! rites & c]emonies t a real pr9ce might expect4 ,! c]emony end$ ) a d9n]2 ! pr9ce be+ volunt>ily disrob$1 & desc5d+ f 8 mom5t>y exaltation to mix ) common mortals4 ,on ! orig9 ( ?is cu/om b "o op9ion c be reasonably ent]ta9$1 ?\gh x may be difficult to trace ! precise p]iod ( its comm5cem5t4 ,x seems to h orig9at$ 9 ! actual appe>ance ( ! pr9ce1 :o resid$ at ,re/ormel ,ca/le 9 =m] ages2 b on ! removal ( royalty ?is mimic gr&eur /epp$ =? z its %ad[y repres5tative1 & cont9u$ = _m g5]ations z a memorial to po/]ity ( ! pr9cely magnific5ce ) :i* ,lo/)iel _h =m]ly be5 hon\r$4--,hit*9s1 ,hi/ory ( ,cornwall1 #ahbd1 vol4 i4 p4 #gag4 ,,cumb]l&4 ,at "o "t x 0 cu/om>y to s5d reciprocal pres5ts ( eggs at ,ea/] to ! *ildr5 ( families respectively betwixt :om any intimacy exi/$4 ,= "s weeks prec$+ ,good ,friday ! price ( eggs advanc$ consid]ably1 f ! great dem& occasion$ by ?is cu/om4 ,! pr9cipal modes adopt$ to prep>e ! eggs = pres5tation 7 ! foll[+3--,! eggs be+ imm]s$ 9 hot wat] = a few mom5ts1 ! end ( a common tall[-c&le 0 made use ( to inscribe ! names ( individuals1 dates ( p>ticul> ev5ts1 c4 ,! w>m? ( ! eggs r5d]$ ?is a v easy process4 ,?us inscrib$1 ! egg 0 plac$ 9 a pan ( hot wat]1 saturat$ ) co*9eal1 or o!r dye-woods2 ! "p ov] :i* ! tall[ _h be5 pass$ 0 imp]vi\s to ! op]ation ( ! dye2 &1 consequ5tly1 :5 ! egg 0 remov$ f ! pan1 !re appe>$ no discoloration ( ! egg :]e ! inscription _h be5 trac$1 b ! egg pres5t$ a :ite inscription on a col\r$ gr\nd4 ,! col\r ( c\rse dep5d$ ^u ! ta/e ( ! p]son :o prep>$ ! egg2 b usually mu* v>iety ( col\r 0 made use (4 ,ano!r me?od ( ornam5t+ 8pace eggs0 01 h[ev]1 mu* neat]1 al?\gh m labori\s ?an t ) ! tall[ c&le4 ,! egg be+ dy$1 x 0 decorat$1 by means ( a p5knife1 ) :i* ! dye 0 scrap$ (f1 leav+ ! design :ite on a col\r$ gr\nd4 ,an egg 0 frequ5tly divid$ into comp>tm5ts1 :i* 7 fill$ up accord+ to ! ta/e & skill ( ! design]4 ,g5]ally1 "o comp>tm5t conta9$ ! "n & also ! age ( ! p>ty = :om ! egg 0 int5d$4 ,9 ano!r !re 0 p]haps a l&scape1 & sometimes a cupid 0 f\nd lurk+ 9 a ?ird2 s t ^! 8pace eggs0 became v useful auxili>ies to ! missives ( ,/4 ,val5t9e4--,e ,day ,book1 vol4 i4 p4 #dbf4 ,! words pays1 pas1 pace1 pase1 pasce1 pask1 pas*1 pas%e1 =m]ly us$ 9 ?is c\nty1 & /ill us$ 9 ! nor?1 are cle>ly d]iv$ f ! ,hebrew ?r\gh ! ,greek 4 ,! ,dani% ,paaske-egg1 & ! ,sw$i% ,paskegg1 bo? likewise signify col\r$ eggs4 ,br& consid]s ?is cu/om a relic ( anci5t ,ca?olicism1 ! egg be+ emblematic ( ! ,resurrection2 b x is n improbable t x is 9 its orig9 l _m o!r anci5t popul> cu/oms1 totally unconnect$ ) any =m ( ,*ri/ianity1 & t x _h its comm5cem5t 9 ! "t ( hea!nism4 ,! egg 0 a symbol ( ! _w1 & anci5t temples 9 consequ5ce sometimes receiv$ an oval =m4 ,?is typification is f\nd 9 almo/ e ori5tal cosmogony4 ,! sacr$ symbol is /ill us$ 9 ! rites ( ! ,belte91 :i* are1 unque/ionably ( hea!n orig91 & eggs are pres5t$ ab\t ! p]iod ( ,ea/] 9 _m c\ntries4 8,ea/]10 says a rec5t t\ri/1 8is ano!r season = ! int]*ange ( civilities :51 in/ead ( ! col\r$ egg 9 o!r p>ts ( ,g]many1 & :i* is !re m]ely a toy = *ildr51 ! ,vi5na ,ea/] egg is compos$ ( silv]1 "m-(-pe>l1 bronze1 or "s o!r exp5sive mat]ial1 & fill$ ) jewels1 tr9kets1 or ducats4--7,sket*es ( ,g]many & ! ,g]mans 9 #ahcd1 #ahce1 & #ahcf1 vol4 ii4 p4 #afb2 ,m$4 vi ,kal5d4 vol4 i4 p4 #bjb47 ,?is latt] cu/om has lately become v popul> 9 ,london4 ,john ,tr\tbeck1 by w1 ,octob] #bg?1 #aghg1 gave to ! poor ( ,dacre1 ! place ( 8 nativity1 #bjjl4 ! int]e/ !re( to be di/ribut$ e ,ea/] ,sunday on ! family tomb/one 9 ,dacre *ur*y>d1 provid$ ! day %\ld be f9e1 by ! h&s & at ! discretion ( a ,tr\tbeck ( ,bl5c[e1 if !re %\ld be any liv+1 ^? next 9 desc5t hav+ prior "r ( di/ribution2 & if none %\ld be liv+ t w\ld di/ribute ! same1 !n by a ,tr\tbeck1 z long z "o c\ld be f\nd t w\ld take ! tr\ble ( x2 o!rwise by ! m9i/]s & *ur*w>d5s ( ! p>i% = ! "t be+2 t n less ?an five %ill+s %\ld be giv5 to any individual1 & t none %\ld be consid]$ entitl$ to x t receiv$ alms1 or any support f ! p>i%4--,old ,engli% ,cu/oms & ,*>ities1 p4 #aae4 ,,d]by%ire4 ,on ,ea/] ,sunday ! old cu/om ( sug>-cupp+ at ! dripp+-torr1 ne> ,tideswell1 is obs]v$2 :5 ! "y p assemble at ! torr1 ea* provid$ ) a cup & a small quantity ( sug> or honey1 & hav+ caught ! requir$ quantity ( wat]1 & mix$ ! sug> ) x1 dr9k x1 repeat+ a dogg]el v]se4#ca--;,j\r4 ( ! ,ar*4 ,assoc4 #aheb1 vol4 vii4 p4 #bjd4 #ca ,x is also a g5]al belief 9 ?is c\nty t unless a p]son puts on "s new article ( dress he w be injur$ by ! birds1 & h no good =tune t ye>--,ibid4 p4 #bje2 see also p4 #afj4 ,,k5t4 ,ha/$1 9 8 ,hi/ory ( ,k5t 7#agih1 vol4 vii4 p4 #ach71 /ates t1 9 ! p>i% ( ,bidd5d5 !re is an end[m5t ( old b unkn[n date = mak+ a di/ribution ( cakes among ! poor e ,ea/] ,day 9 ! aft]noon4 ,! s\rce ( ! b5efaction consi/s 9 tw5ty acres ( l&1 9 five p>cels1 commonly call$ ! ,bread & ,*eese ,l&s4 ,practically1 9 ,mr4 ,ha/$'s "t1 six hundr$ cakes 7 ?us dispos$ (1 be+ giv5 to p]sons :o att5d$ s]vice1 :ile two hundr$ & sev5ty loaves ( ?ree & a half p\nds weight ea*1 ) a p\nd & a half ( *eese1 7 giv5 9 addition to su* z 7 p>i%ion]s4 ,! cakes di/ribut$ on ?is occasion 7 impress$ ) ! figures ( two females side by side1 & close toge!r4#cb ,among/ ! c\ntry p x 0 believ$ t ^! figures repres5t$ two maid5s nam$ ,pre/on1 :o _h left ! end[m5ts2 & !y fur!r alleg$ t ! ladies 7 tw9s1 :o 7 born 9 bodily union1 t is1 jo9$ side to side1 z repres5t$ on ! cakes2 :o liv$ ne>ly ?irty ye>s 9 ?is connection1 :5 at l5g? "o ( !m di$1 necess>ily caus+ ! dea? ( ! o!r 9 a few h\rs4 ,x is ?\ght by ! ,bidd5d5 p t ! figures on ! cakes are meant z a memorial ( ?is natural prodigy1 z well z ( ! *>itable disposition ( ! two ladies4 ,mr4 ,ha/$1 h[ev]1 asc]ta9$ t ! cakes _h only be5 pr9t$ 9 ?is mann] )9 ! prec$+ fifty ye>s1 & conclud$ m rationally t ! figures 7 meant to repres5t two wid[s1 8z ! g5]al objects ( a *>itable b5efaction40 #cb ,an engrav+ ( "o ( ^! cakes w be f\nd 9 ! ,e ,day ,book1 #ahbg1 vol4 ii4 p4 #ddc4 ,if ,mr4 ,ha/$'s acc\nt ( ! ,bidd5d5 cakes be ! true "o1 ! /ory ( ! conjo9$ tw9s--?\gh n inf]r+ a ?+ impossible or unexampl$--mu/ be set d[n z "o ( ^? cases1 ( :i* we f9d s _m 9 ! leg5ds ( ! common p1 :]e a tale is inv5t$ to acc\nt = c]ta9 appe>ances1 aft] ! real mean+ ( ! appe>ance 0 lo/4--,book ( ,days1 vol4 i4 p4 #dbg2 see ,britton & ,brayley1 ,beauties ( ,engl& & ,wales1 #ahjc1 vol4 viii4 p4 #bjh2 ,old ,engli% ,cu/oms & ,*>ities1 #ahdb1 p4 #fj4 ,,middlesex4 ,accord+ to ,lysons' ,environs ( ,london 7#agie1 vol4 iii4 p4 #fjc7 !re 0 an anci5t cu/om at ,twick5ham ( divid+ two great cakes 9 ! ,*ur* ^u ,ea/] ,day1 among ! "y p2 b x be+ look$ ^u z a sup]/iti\s relic1 x 0 ord]$ by ,p>liam5t1 #afde1 t ! p>i%ion]s %\ld =be> ?is cu/om1 &1 in/ead !re(1 buy loaves ( bread = ! poor ( ! p>i% ) ! money t %\ld h b\ght ! cakes4 ,x appe>s t ! sum ( #a p] annum is /ill *>g$ ^u ! vic>age = ! purpose ( buy+ p5ny loaves = poor *ildr5 on ! ,?ursday be=e ,ea/]4 ,)9 ! memory ( man !y 7 ?r[n f ! *ur*-/eeple to be scrambl$ =2 a cu/om :i* prevail$ also at ,padd+ton4 ,,norfolk4 ,9 ?is c\nty x is cu/om>y to eat bak$ cu/>ds at ,ea/]1 & *eesecakes at ,:itsuntide4--,n4 ,q4 #crd ,s4 vol4 i4 p4 #bdh4 ,,ox=d%ire4 ,at ,univ]sity ,college1 ,ox=d1 on ?is day1 ! repres5tation ( a tree1 dress$ ) ev]gre5s & fl[]s1 is plac$ on a turf close to ! butt]y1 & e memb] !re resid5t1 z he leaves ! ,hall aft] d9n]1 *ops at ! tree ) a cleav]4 ,! ,college cook /&s by hold+ a plate1 9 :i* ! ,ma/] deposits half a gu9ea1 ea* ,fell[ five %ill+s & sixp5ce4 ,?is cu/om is call$ 8*opp+ at ! tree40--,n4 ,q4 #a/ ,s4 vol4 ix4 p4 #dfh4 ,on ,ea/] ,day ! rector ( ,duckl+ton = ! "t be+1 z long z c be rememb]$1 has paid #aj p] annum1 :i* 0 =m]ly giv5 away 9 ! *ur* among/ ! p>i%ion]s1 9 veal or apple pies3 ( late ye>s x has be5 giv5 away 9 bread4 ,all ! p>i%ion]s ( ,duckl+ton & ,h>dwick :o apply1 :e!r ri* or poor1 )\t any di/9ction1 p>take ( x accord+ to ! size ( _! families4 ,_m ( ! f>m]s take ! bread z !y say1 = ! sake ( keep+ up _! "r4 ,x is /at$ t !re is no docum5t or record relat+ to ?is paym5t1 nor any tradition respect+ its orig94--,old ,engli% ,cu/oms & ,*>ities1 p4 #ad4 ,! rector ( ,sw]=d supplies a small loaf = e h\se 9 ! p>i% on ,ea/] ,sunday1 :i* is giv5 aft] ev5+ s]vice4 ,x is und]/ood t ?is is giv5 on acc\nt ( a bu%el ( :eat1 :i* is payable out ( a field call$ ,mill ,close1 "p ( ! glebe4 ,ea* h\se1 :e!r inhabit$ by ri* or poor1 receives a loaf4--,ibid4 p4 #ah4 ,,york%ire4 ,x 0 cu/om>y 9 ?is c\ntry1 = ! "y m5 9 ! villages to take (f ! "y girls' buckles1 &1 on ! ,ea/] ,monday1 ! "y m5's %oes & buckles 7 tak5 (f by ! "y wom54 ,on ! ,w$nesday !y 7 r$eem$ by little pecuni>y =feits1 out ( :i* an ent]ta9m5t call$ a ,tansey ,cake1 0 provid$1 & ! jollity conclud$ ) danc+4 ,at ,ripon1 :]e ?is cu/om also prevail$1 x is report$ t no travell] c\ld pass ! t[n )\t be+ /opp$1 &1 if a horseman1 hav+ 8 spurs tak5 away1 unless r$eem$ by a little money1 :i* 0 ! only means to get !m return$4 ,?is seems to be> an aff9ity to ! cu/om ( hock+4 ,cole 9 8 ,hi/4 ( ,filey 7#ahbh1 p4 #acf7 m5tions a simil> cu/om z practis$ 9 t place4 ,he says1 ! "y m5 seize ! %oes ( ! females1 collect+ z _m z !y c1 &1 on ! foll[+ day1 ! girls retaliate by gett+ ! m5's hats1 :i* are to be r$eem$ on a subsequ5t ev5+1 :5 bo? p>ties assemble at "o ( ! inns1 & p>take ( a rural repa/4--,g5t4 ,mag4 #agij1 vol4 lx4 p4 #gai4 ,two f>ms ly+ 9 ! t[n%ip ( ,sw9ton1 & :i* belong to ,e>l ,fitzwilliam1 e ye> *ange _! p>i%4 ,= "o ye>1 f ,ea/] ,day at twelve at noon till next ,ea/] ,day at ! same h\r1 !y lie 9 ! p>i% ( ,mexbr\gh1 & !n till ,ea/] ,day foll[+ at ! same h\r1 !y are 9 ! p>i% ( ,wa?-^u-,de>ne1 & s alt]nately4--,bl\nt's ,anci5t ,t5ures ( ,l&4 ,,wales4 ,ea/] ,day is g5]ally kept 9 ,wales z ! ,sunday1 t is1 ) mu* & becom+ respect to ! sacr$ness ( ! day4 ,x is also m>k$ by some:at bett] *e]1 z a fe/ival1 ( :i* lamb is consid]$ z a prop] con/itutional "p4 ,9 "s places1 h[ev]1 aft] morn+ pray]1 ve/iges ( ! sundry sports & pa/imes rema94 ,x is ?\ght necess>y to put on "s new portion ( dress at ,ea/] & unlucky to omit do+ s1 7 x b a new pair ( gloves or a ribbon4 ,?is idea is evid5tly d]iv$ f ! cu/om ( =m] times1 ( baptiz+ at ,ea/]1 :5 ! new dress 0 9 "s degree symbolical ( ! new "* assum$ by baptism4 ,,irel&4 ,! solemnity ( ,ea/] 7says ,bi%op ,k5nett7 0 anci5tly obs]v$ 9 ,irel& ) s great sup]/ition t !y ?\ght x lawful to /eal all ! ye>1 to ho>d up provisions aga9/ ?is fe/ival "t4--,k5nett ,,ms4 ,9 "s p>ts ( ,irel& at ,ea/] a cake1 ) a g>l& ( mead[ fl[]s1 is elevat$ ^u a circul> bo>d ^u a pike1 apples be+ /uck ^u pegs ar\nd ! g>l&4 ,m5 & wom5 !n dance r\nd1 & !y :o hold out longe/ w9 ! prize4#cc--,"t's ,telescope1 #ahbf1 p4 #cg4 #cc ,plut>* m5tions a trial = danc+3 a cake ! prize4 ,,m>* #bc4 ,,ea/] ,,monday4 ,,buck+ham%ire4 ,9 ! ,p>liam5t>y ,returns ( #aghf a donor ( ! "n ( ,r&ell is /at$ to h giv5 by de$1 9 #aeig1 five qu>t]s ( :eat & money to ! poor ( ,edlesbor\gh4 ,=ty-n9e bu%els ( :eat 7 ye>ly s5t by ,lady ,bridgewat] to ! mill to be gr\nd 9 respect ( ?is *>ity4 ,!y 7 gr\nd1 & ! fl\r bak$ at h] exp5se2 ! bread 0 made up 9 f\r-p\nd loaves1 :i* 7 giv5 away by ! p>i% (fic]s on ,ea/] ,monday to all ! poor ( ! p>i%1 9 %>es v>y+ accord+ to ! size ( ! families1 a loaf be+ giv5 to ea* individual4--,old ,engli% ,cu/oms & ,*>ities1 p4 #ah4 ,,*e%ire4 ,pas* eggs are begg$ at ! f>mh\ses2 ! *ildr5 s+ a %ort song1 ask+ =-- 8,eggs1 bacon1 apples1 or *eese1 ,bread or corn1 if y please1 ,or any good ?+ t w make u m]ry40 ,^! eggs are 9 "s p>ts ( ! c\nty boil$ 9 v9eg>1 & o!rwise ornam5t$1 & hung up 9 ! h\ses until ano!r ye>4 ,9 "s cottages z _m z a score may be se5 hang+4 ,! cu/om ( lift+ is also obs]v$4--,j\r4 ( ,ar*4 ,assoc41 #ahej1 vol4 v4 p4 #bec4 ,9 a pamphlet entitl$ ,c]tayne ,collections ( ,an*iante ,times1 conc]n+ ! ,an*iante & ,fam\s ,cittie ( ,*e/]1 already ref]r$ to & publi%$ 9 ,lysons' ,magna ,britannia1 is ! foll[+ acc\nt ( a curi\s practice once obs]v$ at ,*e/]1 8,!re is an an*ant cu/ome 9 ?is cittie ( ,*e/]3 ! memory ( man n[ liv+e n kn[+ ! orig9al1 t ^u ,monday 9 ,ea/] weeke1 ye>ely1 commonly call$ ,black ,mondaye1 ! two %]iffes ( ! cittie d %oote = a breakfa/e ( calves-heades & bacon1 commonly call$ ! ,%]iffes' ,breakfa/e1 ! man] be+ ?us3 ! day be=e1 ! drum s\nde? ?r\gh ! cittie1 ) a proclamation = all g5tlem51 yeom51 & good fell[es1 t w come ) _! b[es & arr[es to take "p ) "o %]iff or ! o!r1 & ^u ,monday morn+1 on ! ,rode-dee1 ! ,mayor1 %reeves1 ald]m51 & any o!r g5tlem5 t be !re1 ! "o %]ife *os+ "o1 & ! o!r %]ife *os+ ano!r1 & soe ( ! ar*]s2 ! "o %]ife %ote?1 & ! o!r %]ife he %ote? to %ode him1 be+e at l5g? "s twelve score1 soe all ! ar*]s on "o side to %ote till x be %ode1 & s till ?ree %utes be wonne1 & !n all ! w9n]s' side goe up toge!r1 fir/ ) arr[es 9 _! h&s1 & all ! loos]s ) b[es 9 _! h&s toge!r1 to ! common hall ( ! cittie1 :]e ! maior1 ald]m51 & ! re/e1 take p>te toge!r ( ! saide breakfa/e 9 love+ mann]4 ,?is is ye>ely done1 x be+e a comm5dable ex]cise1 a good recreation1 & a lov+e assemblye40 ,9 ! ye> #afdj ! %]iffs gave a piece ( plate to be run =1 in/ead ( ! calves'-head breakfa/4 ,9 #afgd1 a resolution 0 ent]$ 9 ! ,corporation j\rnals t ! calves'-head fea/ 0 held by anci5t cu/om & usage1 & 0 n to be at ! pleasure ( ! %]iffs & leave-brok]s4 ,9 ! mon? ( ,m>*1 #afgf-g1 ! %]iffs & leave-brok]s 7 f9$ #aj1 = n keep+ ! calves'-head fea/4 ,= ?is fea/ an annual d9n] 0 aft]w>ds sub/itut$1 usually giv5 by ! %]iffs at _! own h\ses on any day mo/ suitable to _! conv5i5ce4 ,,d]by%ire4 ,dur+ a visit to ! little village ( ,ca/leton1 says a correspond5t ( ,n4 ,q4 7#d? ,s4 vol4 v4 p4 #eie71 ,i notic$ e *ild )\t exception _h a bottle ( elecampane--! y\ng] ones hav+ "o ti$ r\nd _! necks--all suck+ away at ?is curi\s comp\nd ( ,spani% juice1 sug>1 & wat] ) great assiduity4 ,i 0 in=m$ by a v old man t ! cu/om _h always obta9$ at ,ca/leton on ?is day z long z he c\ld rememb]4 ,! cu/om ( lift+ 0 practis$ 9 "s ( ! nor!rn p>ts ( ?is c\nty4--,j\r4 ( ,ar*4 ,assoc41 #aheb1 vol4 vii4 p4 #bje4 ,,essex4 ,ea/] ,monday 0 =m]ly appropriat$ to ! gr& 8,epp+ ,hunt40 ,s f> back z ! ye> #abbf1 ,k+ ,h5ry ,,iii4 confirm$ to ! citiz5s ( ,london free-w>r51 or lib]ty to hunt a circuit ab\t _! city1 9 ! w>r5 ( ,/a9es1 c42 & 9 anci5t times1 ! ,"l ,mayor1 ald]m51 & corporation1 att5d$ by a due numb] ( ! con/itu5ts1 are said to h avail$ !mselves ( ?is "r ( *ase 89 solemn guise40 ,b ye>s ago1 ! 8,epp+ ,hunt0 lo/ ! ,"l ,mayor & 8 bre?r5 9 _! corporate capacity2 ! annual sport subsequ5tly dw9dl$ into a m]e burlesque & f>cical %[ among/ ! mob1 & ev5 t has di$ away1 & is n[ numb]$ 8among/ ! ?+s t 740--,sports1 ,pa/imes & ,cu/oms ( ,london1 #ahdg1 p4 #bg4 ,! foll[+ extract illu/rative ( ?is anci5t cu/om is tak5 f ! ,*elms=d ,*ronicle 7,april #ae?1 #ahje73 8,on ,monday la/ ,epp+ ,=e/ 0 enliv5$ ) ! celebrat$ /ag-hunt4 ,! road f ,:ite*apel to ! ,bald-fac$ ,/ag1 on ! =e/1 0 cov]$ ) cockney sportsm51 *iefly dress$ 9 ! co/ume ( ! *ase1 9 sc>let-frock1 black jockey cap1 new boots1 & bucksk9 bree*es4 ,by t5 o'clock ! assemblage ( civil hunt]s1 m\nt$ on all sorts & %apes1 c\ld n fall %ort ( #a1bjj4 ,!re 7 numb]less ,dianas1 also ( ! *ase1 f ,ro!rhi!1 ! ,m9ories1 c41 "s 9 rid+-habits1 m\nt$ on titups1 & o!rs by ! side ( _! mo!rs1 9 gigs1 tax-c>ts1 & o!r vehicles appropriate to ! sports ( ! field4 ,! ,saffron ,wald5 /ag-h\nds made _! joyful appe>ance ab\t half aft] t51 b )\t any ( ! ,meli%es or ,bosanquets1 :o 7 m kn[+ sportsm51 ?an to risk ei!r !mselves1 or _! horses1 9 s desp]ate a bur/4 ,! huntsm5 hav+ capp$ _! half cr[ns1 ! horn blew j be=e twelve1 z a signal = ! old fat "o-ey$-/ag 7kept = ! day7 be+ enl>g$ f ! c>t4 ,he made a b\nd ( sev]al y>ds1 ov] ! heads ( "s p$e/rians1 at fir/ />t+1 :5 su* a clatt] comm5c$ z ! days ( ,nimrod nev] knew4 ,"s ( ! sc>let-jackets 7 sprawl+ 9 ! high road a few m9utes aft] />t+--s t a lam5table return ( ! maim$1 miss+1 ?r[n1 & ?r[n out1 may naturally be suppos$4--,e ,day ,book1 vol4 ii4 p4 #dfj2 see ,long ,ago1 #ahgc1 vol4 i4 pp4 #ai1 #dd1 #hc1 #adf2 also ,n4 ,q4 #d? ,s4 vol4 x4 pp4 #cgc1 #cii1 #dfj1 #dgh2 xi4 p4 #bf4 ,,h]e=d%ire4 ,at ?is season1 9 ! neighb\rhood ( ,ross1 ! ru/ics h a cu/om call$ corn-%[+4 ,p>ties are made to pick out cockle f ! :eat4 ,be=e !y set out !y take ) !m1 cake1 cid]1 & a y>d ( toa/$ *eese4 ,! fir/ p]son :o picks ! cockle f ! :eat has ! fir/ kiss ( ! maid & ! fir/ slice ( ! cake4 ,?is cu/om1 d\btless1 takes its orig9 f ! ,roman z appe>s f ! foll[+ l9e ( ,ovid 7,fa/i1 i4 #fia73-- 8,et c>eant loliis oculos vitiantibus agri40 8,let ! fields be /ripp$ ( eye-diseas+ cockle40 --,fosbroke1 ,aricon5sia or ,ar*ological ,sket*es ( ,ross & ,ar*5field1 #ahbb4 ,,k5t4 ,at ?is season "y p g out holiday-mak+ 9 public-h\ses1 to eat pudd+-pies1 & ?is practice is call$ go+ a pudd+-pie+4 ,! pudd+-pies are f ! size ( a teacup to t ( a small tea-sauc]4 ,!y are flat1 l pa/rycooks' *eesecakes1 made ) a rais$ cru/ to hold a small quantity ( cu/>d1 ) currants lightly spr9kl$ on ! surface4 ,pudd+-pies & *]ry-be] usually g toge!r at ^! fea/s4--,hone's ,ye> ,book1 #ahch1 p4 #cfa4 ,,lanca%ire4 ,9 ,lanca%ire1 & 9 ,*e%ire1 ,/af=d%ire1 & ,w>wick%ire1 & p]haps 9 o!r c\nties1 ! ridicul\s cu/om ( #8lift+' or #8heav+' is practis$4 ,on ,ea/] ,monday ! m5 lift ! wom51 & on ,ea/] ,tuesday ! wom5 lift or heave ! m54 ,! process is p]=m$ by two lu/y m5 or wom5 jo9+ _! h&s across ea* o!r's wri/s1 !n1 mak+ ! p]son to be heav$ sit d[n on _! arms1 !y lift him up al(t two or ?ree times1 & (t5 c>ry him sev]al y>ds along a /reet4 ,a grave cl]gyman :o happ5$ to be pass+ ?r\gh a t[n 9 ,lanca%ire on an ,ea/] ,tuesday1 & hav+ to /ay an h\r or two at an inn1 0 a/oni%$ by ?ree or f\r lu/y wom5 ru%+ into 8 room1 exclaim+ !y _h 8come to lift him60 8,to lift him60 repeat$ ! amaz$ div9e2 8:at c y mean80 8,:y1 y\r rev]5ce1 we've come to lift y1 'cause x's ,ea/] ,tuesday40 8,lift me because x's ,ea/] ,tuesday6 ,i don't und]/& y--is !re any su* cu/om "h80 8,yes to be sure2 :y1 don't y "k8 ,all u wom5 0 lift$ ye/]day1 & u lifts ! m5 to-day 9 turn4 ,&1 9 c\rse1 x's our reights & duties to lift 'em40 ,aft] a little fur!r p>ley ! rev]5d travell] compromis$ ) 8 fair visitors = half-a-cr[n1 & ?us escap$ ! dread$ complim5t4--,book ( ,days1 vol4 i41 p4 #dbe4 ,agnes ,/rickl& 9 h] ,lives ( ! ,que5s ( ,engl& 7#ahfd1 vol4 i4 p4 #cjc71 n>rates h[ on ! ,ea/] ,monday ( #abij sev5 ( ,que5 ,eleanora's ladies unc]emoni\sly invad$ ! *amb] ( ,k+ ,edw>d 7,i471 & seiz+ _! maje/ic ma/]1 proce$$ to 8heave him0 9 8 *air1 till he 0 glad to pay a f9e ( f\rte5 p\nds to enjoy 8 own peace & be set at lib]ty4 ,! foll[+ extract is tak5 f ! ,public ,adv]tis]1 ,april #ac?1 #aghg3--,! cu/om ( roll+ d[n ,gre5wi*-hill at ,ea/] is a relique ( old city mann]s1 b peculi> to ! metropolis4 ,old z ! cu/om has be51 ! c\nties ( ,%rop%ire1 ,*e%ire & ,lanca%ire boa/ ( "o ( equal antiquity1 :i* !y call heav+1 & p]=m ) ! foll[+ c]emonies1 on ! ,monday & ,tuesday 9 ! ,ea/] week4 ,on ! fir/ day1 a p>ty ( m5 g ) a *air into e h\se into :i* !y c get admission1 =ce e female to be seat$ 9 _! vehicle1 & lift !m up ?ree times ) l\d huzzas4 ,= ?is !y claim ! rew>d ( a *a/e salute1 :i* ^? :o are too coy to submit to may get exempt$ f by a f9e ( "o %ill+1 & receive a writt5 te/imony :i* secures !m f a repetition ( ! c]emony = t day4 ,on ! ,tuesday ! wom5 claim ! same privilege1 & pursue _! bus9ess 9 ! same mann]1 ) ?is addition--t !y gu>d e av5ue to ! t[n1 & /op e pass5g]1 p$e/rian1 eque/rian or vehicul>40 ,a correspond5t ( ! ,g5t4 ,mag41 #aghd1 vol4 xcvi4 p4 #if1 says t lift+ 0 orig9ally design$ to repres5t our ,savi\r's ,resurrection4 ,,middlesex4--,,london4 ,9 ! ,ea/] holidays ! "y m51 says ,fitz/eph5 79 8 tract entitl$ #8,descriptio ,nobilissim ,civitatis ,londoni1' circa #aagd71 c\nt]feit a fight on ! wat]3 a pole is set up 9 ! mid/ ( ! riv]1 ) a t>get /rongly fa/5$ to x1 & a "y man /&+ 9 ! =e "p ( a boat1 :i* is prep>$ to be c>ri$ on by ! fl[+ ( ! tide1 endeav\rs to /rike ! t>get 9 8 passage4 ,if he succe$s s z to break 8 lance1 & yet pres]ve 8 foot+1 8 aim is accompli%$2 b if he fail1 he tumbles into ! wat]1 & 8 boat passes away ) ! /ream4 ,on ea* side1 h[ev]1 ( ! t>get1 ride two vessels1 :]e9 are /ation$ sev]al "y m5 ready to snat* him f ! wat]1 z soon z he appe>s aga9 above ! surface4 ,=m]ly ! ,"l ,mayors & ! %]iffs 7 accu/om$ to1 sep>ately1 ask ea* ( _! fri5ds z 7 ald]m5 or gov]nors ( ! hospitals1 :om !y saw at *ur*1 to d9e ) !m at _! own h\ses4 ,b1 9 process ( "t1 h[ev]1 x 0 agre$ t ! ,"l ,mayor %\ld invite all t 7 at *ur* on ! fir/ day2 & ! two %]iffs1 9 _! turn1 on ! next succe$+ days4 ,h5ce1 by degrees1 !y began to invite o!r ( ! fri5ds1 & ! ald]m5 br++ _! ladies1 o!r ladies 7 also invit$1 s t ! private h\ses n be+ l>ge en\gh1 !y began to ent]ta9 at _! respective halls4--,brayley1 ,lond9iana1 #ahbi1 vol4 ii4 p4 #bh4 ,,nor?umb]l&4 ,=m]ly1 at ,ea/] & ,:itsuntide1 ! mayor1 ald]m51 & %]iff ( ,newca/le-^u-,tyne1 ) a great numb] ( ! burgesses1 w5t ye>ly to ! ,=?1 or ,little ,mall ( ! t[n1 ) ! mace1 sword1 & cap ( ma9t5ance c>ri$ be=e !m1 & patronis$ ! play+ at h&-ball1 danc+1 & o!r amusem5ts1 & sometimes jo9$ 9 ! ball-play1 & at o!rs jo9$ h&s ) ! ladies4--,e ,day ,book1 vol4 i4 p4 #dcj4 ,,nott+ham%ire4 ,de]+1 9 8 ,hi/orical ,acc\nt ( ,nott+ham 7#agea1 p4 #abe71 says3--,by a cu/om "t beyond memory1 ! mayor & ald]m5 ( ,nott+ham & _! wives h be5 us$ on ,monday 9 ,ea/] week1 morn+ pray] end$1 to m>* f ! t[n to ,/4 ,anne's ,well1 hav+ ! t[n waits to play be=e !m1 & att5d$ by all ! clo?+1 i4e41 su* z h be5 %]iffs1 & ev] aft] we> sc>let g[ns1 toge!r ) ! (fic]s ( ! t[n1 & _m o!r burgesses & g5tlem51 su* z wi% well to ! woodw>d--?is meet+ be+ fir/ in/itut$1 & s9ce cont9u$ = 8 b5efit4 ,,w>wick%ire4 ,ea/] ,monday & ,tuesday1 says a correspond5t ( ,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq4 7#ahdi1 vol4 i4 p4 #ahc71 7 kn[n by ! "n ( heav+-days1 because1 on ! =m] day1 x 0 cu/om>y = ! m5 to heave & kiss ! wom51 & on ! latt] = ! wom5 to retaliate ^u ! m54 ,! wom5's heav+-day 0 ! mo/ amus+4 ,_m a "t h ,i pass$ along ! /reets inhabit$ by ! l[] ord]s ( p1 & se5 p>ties ( jolly matrons assembl$ r\nd tables on :i* /ood a foam+ tank>d ( ale4 ,!re !y sat 9 all ! pride ( absolute sov]eignty1 & woe to ! luckless man t d>$ to invade _! pr]ogatives6 ,z sure z he 0 se5 he 0 pursu$2 z sure z he 0 pursu$ he 0 tak52 &1 z sure z he 0 tak51 he 0 heav$ & kiss$1 & compell$ to pay sixp5ce = 8leave & lic5ce0 to dep>t4 ,at "o "t a cu/om 0 obs]v$ at ,birm+ham1 on ! ,ea/] ,monday1 call$ 8,clipp+ ! ,*ur*40 ,?is c]emony 0 p]=m$ amid cr[ds ( p & %\ts ( joy1 by ! *ildr5 ( ! diff]5t *>ity s*ools1 :o at a c]ta9 h\r flock$ toge!r = ! purpose4 ,! fir/ com]s plac$ !mselves h& 9 h& ) _! backs aga9/ ! ,*ur*1 & 7 jo9$ by _! companions1 :o gradually increas$ 9 numb]1 till at la/ ! *a9 0 ( suffici5t l5g? completely to surr\nd ! sacr$ edifice4 ,z soon z ! h& ( ! la/ ( ! tra9 _h grasp$ t ( ! fir/1 ! p>ty broke up1 & walk$ 9 procession to ! o!r ,*ur* 7= 9 ^? days ,birm+ham boa/$ b ( two71 :]e ! c]emony 0 repeat$4--,e ,day ,book1 vol4 i4 p4 #dca4 ,!y h an anci5t cu/om at ,cole%ill1 says ,bl\nt1 7,jocul> ,t5ures1 ,beck)'s ,edition1 p4 #bhf71 t if ! "y m5 ( ! t[n c cat* a h>e1 & br+ x to ! p>son ( ! p>i% be=e t5 o'clock on ,ea/] ,monday1 ! p>son is b\nd to give !m a calf's-head1 & a hundr$ eggs = breakfa/1 & a groat 9 money4 ,,worce/]%ire4 ,at sunset ^u ,ea/] ,monday1 & at no o!r p]iod ?r\gh\t ! ye>1 a game is play$ by ! *ildr5 ( ,eve%am call$ 8?read-my-ne$le40 ,f ! season ( ?is obs]vance1 z well z ! cry ( ! play]s :ile elevat+ _! arms ar*-wise1 :i* n[ is3 8,op5 ! gates z high z ! sky1 ,& let ,victoria's troops pass by10 x is probable1 says ,may 9 8 ,hi/4 ( ,eve%am 7#ahde1 p4 #cai71 t ! cu/om orig9ally _h ref]5ce to ! great fe/ival ( ! *ur* & ! triumphant language ( ! ,psalmi/1 appli$ to ! ev5t commemorat$ at ?is p]iod--,psalm xxiv4 #i3 #8,lift up y\r heads1 ,o ye gates2 & be ye lift up1 ye ev]la/+ doors2 & ! ,k+ ( glory %all come 940 ,! accuracy ( ?is supposition1 h[ev]1 may be fairly d\bt$4 ,,wales4 ,9 ,nor? ,wales1 says ,p5nant1 ! cu/om ( heav+ ^u ,monday & ,tuesday 9 ,ea/] week is pres]v$2 & on ,monday ! "y m5 g ab\t ! t[n & c\ntry1 f h\se to h\se1 ) a fiddle play+ be=e !m1 to heave ! wom54 ,on ! ,tuesday ! wom5 heave ! m54 ,at ,t5by ,ea/] ,monday 0 always devot$ to m]ry-mak+2 ! neighb\r+ villages 7,gumfre/on especially7 7 visit$1 :5 "s amus$ !mselves ) ! b>b>\s sport ( cock-fight+1 :ile o!rs frequ5t$ ! two tea-p>ties held annually at ,t5by & ,gumfre/on1 & kn[n z ! 8,p>i% ,cl]ks' ,meet+40--,mason's ,tales & ,traditions ( ,t5by1 #aheh1 p4 #ba4 ,,scotl&4 ,,b]wick-,,^u-,,twe$4 ,x is pleasurable1 says ,full] 9 8 ,hi/ory ( ,b]wick-^u-,twe$ 7#agii1 p4 #dde71 to see :at a great numb] ( lovely & f9ely-dress$ *ildr5 make _! appe>ance on ,ea/] ,monday1 :i* is kn[n 9 ?is neighb\rhood z ! ,*ildr5's ,day4 ,be+ att5d$ by a multitude ( s]vants1 !y p>ade & run ab\t = _m h\rs1 amus+ !mselves 9 a v>iety ( ways4 ,?is *>m+ gr\p is jo9$ m or less by ! p>5ts ( ! *ildr51 :o1 toge!r ) su* z are attract$ by curiosity1 =m1 on su* occasions1 a company ( a great _m hundr$s4 ,!y assemble 9 greate/ numb]s beh9d ! b>racks1 :]e ! ramp>t is broade/4 ,! fruit]]s att5d 9 full display1 z well z _m it9]ants 9 v>i\s pursuits4 ,! :ole company may be call$ a sportive fair4 ,,irel&4 ,9 ! ,c\nty ( ,antrim ?is day is obs]v$ by sev]al ?\s&s ( ! work+ classes ( ! t[n & vic9ity ( ,belfa/ resort+ to ! ,cave-hill1 ab\t ?ree miles di/ant1 :]e ! day is sp5t 9 danc+1 jump+1 runn+1 climb+ ! rugg$ rocks1 & dr9k+4 ,"h _m a rude brawl takes place1 _m return home ) black eyes1 & 9 "s cases ) brok5 bones4 ,inde$ x is ) !m ! greate/ holiday ( ! ye>1 & to n a few x furni%es laughable treats to talk ab\t till ! return ( ! foll[+ spr+4 ,on ?is ev5+ a k9d ( dramatic piece is usually br\ght =w>d at ! ,belfa/ ,!atre1 call$ ,! ,hum\rs ( ! ,cave-hill4--,! ,table ,book1 p4 #ejg4 ,,co4 ,,cl>e4 ,on ,ea/] ,monday multitudes g to ,scatt]y ,isl& = ! purpose ( p]=m+ p5ance on _! b>e knees1 r\nd ! /ony bea* & holy well !re4 ,t5ts are g5]ally erect$ on ?is occasion1 & (t5 times m :isky is tak5 by ! pilgrims ?an is f\nd conv5i5t on _! return 9 cr[d$ boats4--,mason1 ,/at4 ,acc4 ( ,irel&1 #ahad1 vol4 ii4 p4 #dei4 ,,co4 ,,d[n4 ,at ,holywood ! trundl+ ( eggs1 z x is call$1 is an amusem5t common at ,ea/]4 ,= ?is purpose ! eggs are boil$ h>d1 & dy$ ( diff]5t col\rs1 &1 :5 !y are ?us prep>$1 ! sport consi/s 9 ?r[+ or trundl+ !m along ! gr\nd1 especially d[n a declivity1 & ga!r+ up ! brok5 fragm5ts to eat !m4 ,=m]ly x 0 usual ) ! wom5 & *ildr5 to collect 9 l>ge bodies = ?is purpose1 ?\gh no?+ c be1 to all appe>ance1 m unmean+ ?an ?is amusem5t4 ,!y yet pursue x 9 ! vic9ity ( ,belfa/4 ,x is a curi\s circum/ance t ?is sport is practis$ only by ! ,presbyt]ians4--,mason1 ,/at4 ,acc4 ( ,irel&1 #ahai1 vol4 iii4 p4 #bjg4 ,on ,ea/] ,monday sev]al hundr$s ( "y p]sons ( ! t[n & neighb\rhood ( ,portaf]ry resort1 dress$ 9 _! be/1 to a pleasant walk ne> t t[n1 call$ 8,! ,walt]40 ,! av[$ object ( ea* p]son is to see ! fun1 :i* consi/s 9 ! m5 kiss+ ! females1 )\t res]ve1 :e!r m>ri$ or s+le4 ,?is mode ( salutation is q a matt] ( c\rse2 x is nev] tak5 amiss1 nor ) mu* %[ ( coyness2 ! female mu/ be v ord9>y inde$1 :o returns home )\t hav+ receiv$ at lea/ a doz5 he>ty kisses4 ,tradition is sil5t z to ! orig9 ( ?is cu/om1 :i* ( late ye>s is on ! decl9e1 especially 9 ! respectability ( ! att5dants4--,! ,table ,book1 p4 #ejf4 ,,m>* #bd4 ,,ea/] ,,tuesday4 ,,middlesex4 ,e ,ea/] ,tuesday1 9 pursuance ( an anci5t cu/om1 ! boys ( ,*ri/'s ,hospital1 ,london1 pay a visit to ! ,mansion ,h\se1 & receive f ! ,"l ,mayor ! cu/om>y ,ea/] gifts4 ,on rea*+ ! ,mansion ,h\se1 !y m>* into ! ,egyptian ,hall1 & on pass+ ! ,"l ,mayor1 receive a gratuity 9 co9s fre% f ! m9t4 ,to ! fifte5 ,grecians a gu9ea ea* is giv52 n9e probation]s1 half-a-gu9ea2 =ty-eight monitors1 half-a-cr[n2 & ! ord9>y s*ol>s1 "o %ill+ ea*4 ,ea* boy also be=e leav+ receives a glass ( w9e & two buns4 ,! boys we> l95 badges on _! coats1 on :i* ! words 8,he is ris50 are inscrib$4 ,aft] ?is c]emony1 ! ,"l ,mayor & ! re/ ( ! civic au?orities g 9 ! cu/om>y /ate to ,*ri/ ,*ur*1 ,newgate ,/reet1 :]e ! second ,spital s]mon is prea*$4 ,at ?is s]vice ! :ole ( ! ,*ri/'s ,hospital boys att5d4--,see ,daily ,news1 ,april #ab?1 #ahga1 & ,april #crd1 #ahgb4 ,,nor?umb]l&4 ,holly-buss+1 says a writ] 9 ! ,newca/le ,express 7,april #af?1 #aheg71 is a v]nacul> expression = a v anci5t cu/om celebrat$ at ,ne!rwitton1 ! orig9 ( :i* is unkn[n4 ,on ,ea/] ,tuesday ! lads & lasses ( ! village & vic9ity meet1 &1 accompani$ by ! p>i% cl]k1 :o plays an excell5t fiddle1 ! inspir+ /ra9s ( :i* put mir? & mettle 9 _! heels1 proce$ to ! wood to get holly2 ) :i* "s decorate a /one cross t /&s 9 ! village :ile o!rs are 8bobb+ ar\nd0 to 8,spe$ ! ,pl\gh0 or 8,birnie ,b\zle40 ,,m>* #be4 ,,lady ,,day4 ,! ,fe/ival ( ! ,annunciation commemorates 9 ! ,*ri/ian _w ! message ( ! ,angel to ! ,virg9 ,m>y3 h5ce x 0 anci5tly call$ ,/4 ,m>y's ,day 9 ,l5t1 to di/+ui% x f o!r fe/ivals 9 h] hon\r3 8,se9te ,m>ie ,daye 9 ,leynte1 among ,all o!r dayes gode1 ,is ryt = to holde heghe ,he s :oso be9 vnd]/ode40 ,h>l4 ,,ms4 ,codex #bbgg1 fol4 i4 ,all ! fe/ivals ( ! ,virg9 are prop]ly ,lady ,days1 b ?is fall+ 9 ,l5t1 & be+ ! fir/ qu>t] day = r5ts & o!r paym5ts1 readily became ,lady ,day p> excell5ce4 ,o!rwise consid]$1 x is simply an abridgm5t ( 8,our ,lady ,day ! ,annunciation10 z we f9d x writt5 9 ! reign ( ,h5ry ! ,six?4 ,"s old cu/oms on pay+ qu>t]ly r5ts are notic$ 9 ,gascoigne's ,fl[]s ( ,poesie1 #dto1 #aege3 ,& :5 ! t5antes come to paie _! qu>t]'s r5t1 ,!y br+ "s f[le at ,midsumm]1 a di% ( fi% 9 ,l5t1 ,at ,*ri/masse a capon1 at ,mi*aelmasse a goose1 ,& some:at else at ,new ,ye>e's tide = fe>e _! lease flie loose40 --,m$4 vi ,kal5d4 vol4 i4 p4 #bjf2 ,=/]1 ,p]5n4 ,cal5d4 #ahda1 p4 #eae4 ,,h]t=d%ire4 ,at ,/4 ,alban's c]ta9 buns call$ 8,pope ,ladies0 are sold on ,lady ,day1 _! orig9 be+ attribut$ by "s to ! foll[+ /ory3--,a noble lady & h] att5dants 7 travell+ on ! road to ,/4 ,alban's 7! great ,nor? road passes ?r\gh ?is t[n71 :5 !y 7 b5ight$ & lo/ _! way4 ,lights 9 ! clock-t[] at ! top ( ! hill enabl$ !m at l5g? to rea* ! mona/]y 9 safety1 & ! lady 9 gratitude gave a sum ( money to provide an annual di/ribution on ,lady ,day ( cakes1 9 ! %ape ( ladies1 to ! poor ( ! neighb\rhood4 ,z ?is b\nty 0 di/ribut$ by ! monks1 ! 8,pope ,ladies0 probably ?us acquir$ _! "n4--,see ,n4 ,q4 #d? ,s4 vol4 x4 p4 #dab4 ,ano!r correspond5t ( ,n4 ,q4 7#d? ,s4 vol4 x4 #cda7 says ^! buns are sold on ! fir/ day ( ea* ye>1 & t !re is a tradition t !y h "s relation to ! my? ( ,pope ,joan4--,see also ! ,g5t4 ,mag4 #ahbj1 vol4 xc4 p4 #ae4 ,,lanca%ire4 ,! gy/-ale1 or guis+-fea/1 0 an annual fe/ival ( ! t[n ( ,a%ton-"u-,lyne4 ,x appe>s f ! r5tal ( ,sir ,john de ,as%eton1 compil$ ,a4,d4 #adbb1 t tw5ty %ill+s 7 paid to him z "l ( ! manor = ! privilege ( hold+ ?is fea/ by its !n conductors4 ,! p]sons nam$ 9 ! roll z hav+ paid #cs4 #d;d4 ea* are3--8,m>gret1 t 0 ! wife ( ,hobbe ! ,kynges 7( misrule72 ,hobbe ,adamson2 ,rog] ! ,baxt]2 ,rob]t ,somay/]2 ,j5kyn ( ! ,wode2 & ,?omas ( ,curtual40 ,! mean+ ( ! t]m gy/-ale is involv$ 9 "s obscurity--mo/ probably ! paym5ts above 7 = ! gy/1 or hire1 = ! privilege ( sell+ ale & o!r refre%m5ts dur+ ! fe/ivals held on ! paym5t ( ! r5ts ( ! manor4 ,^! guis+s 7 frequ5tly held 9 ! spr+1 mo/ probably ab\t ,lady ,day1 :5 manorial r5ts 7 usually paid2 &1 z ! fields 7 manur$ ) m>l ab\t ! same p]iod1 ! t]m m>l+s has be5 suppos$ to indicate ! r\gh play or m>lock+ :i* 0 !n practis$4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 mu/ be a mi/ake1 s9ce ! t]m relates to m]ry pranks1 or pleasure gambols only1 & has no connection ) m>l z a manure4 ,^! gy/-ales1 or guis+s1 once rank$ among/ ! pr9cipal fe/ivals ( ,lanca%ire1 & l>ge sums ( money 7 subscrib$ by all ranks ( society 9 ord] t !y might be celebrat$ ) becom+ spl5d\r4 ,! "l ( ! manor1 ! vic> ( ! p>i%1 ! f>m]1 & ! op]ative1 sev]ally ann\nc$ ! sums !y int5d$ to give1 & :5 ! treasur] exclaim$ 8,a l>gesse10 ! cr[d dem&$ 8f :om80 & !n due proclamation 0 made ( ! sum subscrib$4 ,! real am\nt1 h[ev]1 0 seldom nam$1 b x 0 ann\nc$ t 8,"l ,johnson10 or "s o!r equally di/+ui%$ p]son _h contribut$ 8a portion ( t5 ?\s& p\nds0 t[>ds ! exp5ses ( ! fea/4 ,aft] ! subscription li/s 7 clos$ an imm5se g>l& 0 prep>$1 :i* conta9$ abundance ( e fl[] 9 season1 int]sp]s$ ) a pr(usion ( ev]gre5s & ribbons ( e %ade & patt]n4 ,! framework ( ?is g>l& 0 made ( wood1 to :i* hooks 7 affix$1 & on ^! 7 susp5d$ a l>ge collection ( wat*es1 jewels1 & silv] articles borr[$ f ! ri*] resid5ts 9 ! t[n4 ,on ! day ( ! gy/ ?is g>l& 0 borne ?r\gh ! pr9cipal /reets & ?or\ghf>es1 att5d$ by cr[ds ( t[nspeople dress$ 9 _! be/ attire4 ,^! 7 =m$ into a procession by a ma/] ( ! c]emonies1 locally t]m$ ! k+4 ,ano!r pr9cipal att5dant 0 ! ,fool1 dress$ 9 a grotesque cap1 a hide\s gr9n+ mask1 a long tail hang+ beh9d him1 & a bell ) :i* he comm&$ att5tion :5 ann\ncem5ts 7 to be made4 ,9 an e>ly p]iod ( ^! guis+s ! fool 0 usually m\nt$ on a hobby-horse1 & indulg$ 9 grotesque pranks z he pass$ along--h5ce we obta9$ ! t]m 8hob-rid+10 & m rec5tly ! prov]bial expression ( 8rid+ "o's hobby to dea?40--,h>l& & ,wilk9son1 ,leg5ds & ,traditions ( ,lanca%ire1 #ahgc1 p4 #hf4 ,,norfolk4 ,on a table ( b5efactions 9 ! ,*ur* at ,oxburgh x is /at$ t ,sir ,h5ry ,b$+field paid at ,lady ,day annually #b = l&s belong+ to ! t[n%ip ( ,oxburgh2 t ?is 0 call$ walk money1 & 0 giv5 to ! poor4--,old ,engli% ,cu/oms & ,*>ities1 p4 #abd4 ,,isle ,,( ,,?anet4 ,evelyn 9 8 ,di>y1 "u ! date ( ,m>* #be?1 #afgb 7,bohn's ,edition1 #ahei1 vol4 ii4 p4 #gh71 says3 8,obs]v+ almo/ e tall tree to h a wea!r-cock on ! top b\gh1 & "s trees half-a-doz51 ,i le>n$ t on a c]ta9 holiday ! f>m]s fea/ _! s]vants1 at :i* solemnity !y set up ^! cocks z a k9d ( triumph40 ,,irel&4 ,at ,kilmacteige1 ,co4 ( ,sligo1 ! ,lady ,days are obs]v$ ) mo/ scrupul\s att5tion1 t is to say1 s f> z ab/a9+ f all k9d ( daily lab\r1 or foll[+ any trade or call+1 al?\gh _! sanctity does n op]ate on _! m9ds s z to induce !m to refra9 f sports & pa/imes1 curs+ or swe>+1 or frequ5t+ tippl+-h\ses & dr9k+ to excess4--,mason1 ,/at4 ,acc4 ( ,irel&1 #ahad-ai1 vol ii4 p4 #hfd4 ,,m>* #bi4 ,,l[ ,,sunday4 ,! ,octave or fir/ ,sunday aft] ,ea/]4 ,! au?or ( ,*ri/ian ,sodality1 a collection ( disc\rses1 #afeb1 says3--,?is day is call$ ,:ite or ,l[ ,sunday because 9 ! ,primitive ,*ur* ^? neophytes t on ,ea/] ,eve 7 baptiz$ & clad 9 :ite g>m5ts did to-day put !m (f1 ) ?is admonition1 t !y 7 to keep )9 !m a p]petual c&\r ( _s1 signifi$ by ! ,agnus ,dei hung ab\t _! necks1 :i*1 fall+ d[n ^u _! brea/s1 put !m 9 m9d :at innoc5t lambs !y mu/ be1 n[ t ( s9ful1 high1 & haughty m5 !y 7 by baptism made l[1 & little *ildr5 ( ,almighty ,god1 su* z ought to reta9 9 _! mann]s & lives ! ,pas*al fea/s :i* !y _h accompli%$4 ,seym\r 9 8 ,survey ( ,london 7#agcd1 ,b4 iv4 p4 #ajj7 tells u t ! ald]m5 us$ to meet ! ,"l ,mayor & %]iffs at ,/4 ,paul's 9 _! sc>let g[ns1 furr$1 )\t _! cloaks1 to he> ! s]mon4 ,,wales4 ,f5ton 9 8 ,t\r ?r\gh ,pembroke%ire 7#ahaa1 p4 #die7 alludes to ! game ( ,knappan z be+ play$ at ,pwlldu1 9 ! p>i% ( ,p5b$w1 on l[ ,ea/]-day4 ,he says ! knappan 0 a ball ( "s h>d wood1 ( su* a size z a man might hold 9 8 h&1 & 0 boil$ 9 tall[ to make x slipp]y4 ,! play]s at ?is game 7 v num]\s1 frequ5tly am\nt+ to a ?\s& or fifte5 hundr$ p1 p>i% aga9/ p>i%1 hundr$ aga9/ hundr$1 & sometimes c\nty aga9/ c\nty4 ,:5 ! company assembl$1 ab\t "o or two o'clock 9 ! aft]noon1 entirely nak$1 ) ! exception ( a light pair ( bree*es1 a great %\t 0 giv5 z ! signal to beg91 & ! ball 0 hurl$ bolt upright into ! air by "o ( ! p>ties & at its fall he t caught x hurl$ x t[>ds ! c\nty or goal he play$ =4 ,! play]s consi/$ ( horse & foot1 :o 9 ! pure/ times ( ! game nev] mix$1 be+ gov]n$ by c]ta9 rules & regulations t 7 nev] violat$2 b long be=e ?is game 0 disus$ v>i\s abuses & disord]s _h crept into x1 s t x s]v$ to inflame e bad passion1 eng5d] rev5ge1 fom5t private qu>rels1 & /imulate ev5 to blood%$ & murd]4 ,,april #a4 ,,all ,,fools' ,,day4 ,on ?is day a cu/om prevails n only 9 ,brita91 b on ! ,cont95t1 ( impos+ ^u & ridicul+ p 9 a v>iety ( ways4 ,x is v d\btful :at is ! precise orig9 ( ?is absurd cu/om4 ,9 ,france ! p]son impos$ ^u on ,all ,fools' ,day is call$ ,poisson d',avril1 an ,april ,fi%1 :i* ,bell+51 9 8 ,etymology ( ,fr5* ,prov]bs1 publi%$ 9 #afef1 ?us expla9s4 ,! ^w ,poisson1 he cont5ds1 is corrupt$ ?r\gh ! ignorance ( ! p f ,passion1 & l5g? ( "t has almo/ totally defac$ ! orig9al int5tion1 :i* 0 z foll[s3 t z ! ,passion ( our ,savi\r took place ab\t ?is "t ( ! ye>1 & z ! ,jews s5t ,*ri/ backw>ds & =w>ds to mock & torm5t him1 t is1 f ,annas to ,caiaphas1 f ,caiaphas to ,pilate1 f ,pilate to ,h]od1 & f ,h]od back aga9 to ,pilate1 ?is ridicul\s cu/om took its rise f !nce1 by :i* we s5d ab\t f "o place to ano!r su* p]sons z we ?9k prop] objects ( our ridicule4 ,a writ] 9 ! ,g5t4 ,mag41 #aghc1 vol4 liii4 p4 #egh1 also conjectures t ?is cu/om may h an allusion to ! mock]y ( ! ,savi\r ( ! _w by ! ,jews4 ,ano!r attempt to expla9 x has be5 made by ref]r+ to ! fact t ! ye> =m]ly began 9 ,brita9 on ! #be? ( ,m>*1 :i* 0 suppos$ to be ! ,inc>nation ( our ,"l1 & ! comm5cem5t ( a new ye> 0 always1 bo? among ! anci5t hea!ns & among mod]n ,*ri/ians1 held z a great fe/ival4 ,x is to be not$ !n t ! #a/ ( ,april is ! octave ( ! #be? ( ,m>*1 & ! close consequ5tly ( t fea/ :i* 0 bo? ! fe/ival ( ! ,annunciation & ( ! ,new ,ye>4 ,h5ce x may h become a day ( extraord9>y mir? & fe/ivity4 ,allud+ to ?is cu/om1 ,*>les ,dick5s1 jun4 7,g5t4 ,mag4 #ahfi1 ,new ,s]ies1 vol4 ii4 p4 #edc71 says3 ,a pr9ce ( ! h\se ( ,lorra9e1 conf9$ 9 "o ( ,l\is ,,xiii4's prisons1 made 8 escape on ! #a/ ( ,april by swimm+ across ! moat1 & is accord+ly commemorat$ z a poisson d',avril to ?is day4 ,:y ?is %\ld be s is n v cle>1 inasmu* z ! gaol]s & n ! pr9ce w\ld h be5 ! ,april fools on ! occasion4 ,a lat] v]sion ( ! same /ory w\ld appe> to be ! correct "o4 ,"h ! pr9ce & 8 wife1 escap+ 9 ! disguise ( peasants on ! #a/ ( ,april1 7 recognis$ by a s]vant-maid z !y 7 pass+ out ( ! ca/le-gates4 ,%e imm$iately made = ! gu>d-room1 giv+ ! al>m to a s5t9el by ! way1 b1 un=tunately = h]1 yet happily = ! fugitives1 al?\gh %e may h =gott5 t x 0 ,all ,fool's ,day1 ! soldi]s on gu>d _h n4 ,! in=mation 0 treat$ ) ! utmo/ contempt1 ! soldi]s decl9+ to be made game (1 & :ile ! royal prison-break]s got cle> (f1 x is said t ! luckless in=m] 0 s\ndly buffett$ by ! gu>d = h] ill-tim$ jocul>ity4 ,?is v]sion ( ! /ory1 h[ev]1 goes to prove no?+ beyond ! fact t ! cu/om ( mak+ ,april fools 0 well kn[n 9 ! "t ( ,l\is ,,xiii41 b 9 n[ise acc\nts = ! curi\s expression poisson d',avril2 :ile ! swimm+ /ory expla9s ! fi%1 b leads "o to believe t ! incid5t 0 ! orig9 ( ! d$ication ( ! #a/ ( ,april to fools4 ,ano!r curi\s explanation ( ?is peculi> cu/om1 giv+ x a ,jewi% orig91 has also be5 sugge/$4 ,x is said to h begun f ! mi/ake ( ,noah s5d+ ! dove out ( ! ,ark be=e ! wat] _h abat$ on ! fir/ day ( ! ,hebrew mon?1 answ]+ to our mon? ( ,april1 & to p]petuate ! memory ( ?is deliv]ance x 0 ?\ght prop]1 :oev] =got s rem>kable a circum/ance1 to puni% !m by s5d+ !m ^u "s sleeveless err& simil> to t ineffectual message ^u :i* ! bird 0 s5t by ! patri>*4--,public ,adv]tis]1 ,april #ac?1 #agfi4 ,maurice1 9 8 ,indian ,antiquities 7vi4 #ga71 says t ! cu/om prevail+ bo? 9 ,engl& & ,india _h its orig9 9 ! anci5t practice ( celebrat+ ) fe/ival rites ! p]iod ( ! v]nal equ9ox1 or ! day :5 ! new ye> ( ,p]sia anci5tly began4 ,addison1 9 ! ,spectator1 ref]r+ to ! ye> #agaa1 rem>ks t 8a cu/om prevails ev]y:]e among u on ! #a/ ( ,april1 :5 ev]ybody takes x 9 8 head to make z _m fools z he c4 ,a neighb\r ( m9e--a v %all[1 conceit$ fell[1 makes 8 boa/ t = ^! t5 ye>s successively he has n made less ?an a hundr$ ,april fools4 ,my l&lady _h a fall+-out ) him1 ab\t a =tnight ago1 = s5d+ e "o ( h] *ildr5 ^u "s 8sleeveless err&10 z %e t]ms x4 ,h] elde/ son w5t to buy a halfp5ny-wor? ( inkle at a %oemak]'s2 ! elde/ daught] 0 dispat*$ half a mile to see a mon/]2 &1 9 %ort1 ! :ole family ( innoc5t *ildr5 7 made ,april fools4 ,nay1 my l&lady h]self did n escape him4 ,! empty fell[ has laugh$ ^u ^! conceits ev] s9ce40 ,9 ! nor? ( ,engl& p]sons impos$ ^u on ?is day are call$ 8,april ,g\ks40 ,a g\k1 or g[k1 is prop]ly a cuckoo1 & is us$ "h1 metaphorically1 9 vulg> language1 = a fool4 ,! cuckoo is1 inde$1 ev]y:]e a "n ( contempt4--,br&1 ,pop4 ,antiq41 #ahdi1 vol4 i4 p4 #aci4 ,,hamp%ire4 ,9 ?is c\nty ! foll[+ rhyme is said aft] twelve o'clock3-- 8,april fool's gone pa/1 ,y're ! bigge/ fool at la/2 ,:5 ,april fool comes aga9 ,y'll be ! bigge/ fool !n40 ,n4 ,q4 #a/ ,s4 vol4 xii4 p4 #ajj4 ,,middlesex4 ,9 connection ) ! anci5t cu/om ( mak+ 8,april fools0 on ! #a/ ( ,april1 ! foll[+ hoax 0 practis$ on ! ,london public on ! #a/ ,april1 #ahfj4 ,"s days previ\s ?\s&s ( p]sons receiv$ a neatly pr9t$ & (ficial-look+ c>d1 ) a seal m>k$ by an inv]t$ sixp5ce at "o ( ! angles4 ,x 0 to ?is effect3--8,t[] ( ,london4 ,admit ! ,be>] & ,fri5d to view ! ,annual ,c]emony ( wa%+ ! ,:ite ,lions on ,sunday ,april #a/1 #ahfj4 ,admitt$ at ! ,:ite ,gate4 ,x is p>ticul>ly reque/$ t no gratuity be giv5 to ! ,w>d]s or _! ,assi/ants40 ,! hoax succe$$ rem>kably well1 & consequ5tly sev]al ?\s& p]sons 7 tak5 94 ,= _m h\rs cabs might h be5 se5 w5d+ _! way t[>ds ,t[] ,hill on t ,sunday morn+2 ! driv]s ask+ e "o !y met 8,h[ !y %\ld get to ! ,:ite ,gate40 ,at la/ ?is piece ( deception 0 f\nd out1 & ! _m ?\s&s :o _h be5 ?us impos$ ^u return$ home highly disgu/$4 ,,scotl&4 ,! ,scot* h a cu/om ( ,hunt+ ! ,g[k1 z x is t]m$4 ,?is is done by s5d+ silly p ^u fools' err&s f place to place by means ( a lett]1 9 :i* is writt53-- 8,on ! fir/ day ( ,april ,hunt ! ,g[k ano!r mile40 ,br&1 ,pop4 ,antiq4 #ahdi1 vol4 i4 p4 #adj4 ,,april #c4 ,,/4 ,,ri*>d',s ,,day4 ,aubrey1 9 ,,ms4 ,lansd4 #bca1 says3 8,?is cu/ome is ye>ly obs]v$ at ,droitwi*1 9 ,worce/]%ire1 :]e1 on ! day ( ,/4 ,ri*>d1 !y keep holyday1 & dresse ! well ) gre5 b\ghs & fl[]s4 ,"o ye>e 9 ! ,presbyt]ian "t x 0 discont9u$ 9 ! civil w>res1 & aft] t ! spr+e %ranke up or dri$ up = "s "t2 s aft]w>ds !y reviv$ _! annual cu/om1 not)/&+ ! p[] ( ! p>liam5t & soldi]s1 & ! salt wat] return$ aga9 & /ill cont9ues4 ,?is ,/4 ,ri*>d 0 a p]son ( great e/ate 9 ^! p>ts1 & a briske "y fell[ t w\ld ride ov] h$ge & dit*1 & at l5g? became a v dev\t man1 & aft] 8 decease 0 canoniz$ = a sa9t40 ,,april #g4 ,,hock1 ,,or ,,hoke ,,day4 ,a popul> holiday m5tion$ by ,mat!w ,p>is & o!r anci5t writ]s4 ,x 0 usually kept on ! ,tuesday foll[+ ! second ,sunday aft] ,ea/] ,day1 & di/+ui%$ by v>i\s sportive pa/imes1 :i* consi/$1 accord+ to ,spelman1 9 ! m5 & wom5 b9d+ ea* o!r1 & especially ! wom5 ! m51 & s 0 call$ 8,b9d+ ,tuesday40 ,jacob 7,law ,diction>y1 #agig7 says t 8,hok$ay1 or ,hock ,tuesday 7,dies ,m>tis1 quem qu9d5am ,pas* vocant71 0 a day s rem>kable t r5ts 7 res]v$ & payable !reon2 & 9 ! acc\nts ( ,magdal5 ,college1 ,ox=d1 !re is a ye>ly all[ance pro muli]ibus hockantibus1 9 "s manors ( !irs 9 ,hants1 :]e ! m5 hock ! wom5 on ,monday1 & ! contr>y on ,tuesday2 ! mean+ ( x is1 t on t day ! wom5 9 m]rim5t /op ! way ) ropes1 & pull pass5g]s to !m1 desir+ some?+ to be laid out 9 pi\s uses4 ,! foll[+ rem>ks are tak5 f ,book ( ,days1 vol4 i4 p4 #dii3-- ,! mean+ ( ! ^w hoke or hock seems to be totally unkn[n1 & none ( ! d]ivations yet propos$ seem to be des]v+ ( our consid]ation4#cd ,! cu/om may be trac$1 by its "n at lea/1 z f> back z ! ?irte5? c5tury1 & appe>s to h prevail$ 9 all p>ts ( ,engl&1 b x became obsolete e>ly 9 ! la/ c5tury4 ,at ,cov5try1 :i* 0 a great place = pageantry1 !re 0 a play or pageant atta*$ to ! c]emony1 :i*1 "u ! title ( 8,! old ,cov5try play ( ,hock ,tuesday10 0 p]=m$ be=e ,que5 ,elizabe? dur+ h] visit to ,k5ilwor?1 9 ,july #aege4 ,x repres5t$ a s]ies ( combats betwe5 ! ,engli% & ,dani% =ces1 9 :i* twice ! ,danes _h ! bett]1 b at la/1 by ! arrival ( ! ,saxon wom5 to assi/ _! c\ntrym51 ! ,danes 7 ov]come1 & _m ( !m 7 l$ captive 9 triumph by ! wom54 ,que5 ,elizabe? laugh$ well at ?is play1 & is said to h be5 s mu* pleas$ ) x t %e gave ! actors two bucks & five m>ks 9 money4 ,! usual p]=mance ( ?is play _h be5 suppress$ 9 ,cov5try soon aft] ! ,re=mation1 on acc\nt ( ! sc5es ( riot :i* x occasion$4 #cd ,"s h suppos$ t ! t]m hock-day is equival5t to 8dies irrisionis10 or irrisiorius1 a day ( scorn & triumph1 or1 z we n[ say1 8a day ( hoax+0--,m$4 vi ,kal5d41 #ahda1 vol4 ii4 p4 #aih4 ,v]/egan d]ives ,hoc-tide f ,heughtyde1 :i*1 he says1 9 ! ,ne!rl&s means a fe/ival season4 ,d5ne conjectures ! "n ( ?is fe/ivity to h be5 d]iv$ f ,hockzeit1 ! ,g]man ^w = a w$d+4 ,sk9n] m5tions a d]ivation f ! ,dut* hock51 desid]e1 & adds1 8mallem igitur d$uc]e ab ,a4,s4 ,heah-tid40 ,k5nett 7,p>o*4 ,antiq4 p4 #die7 sugge/s ! ,saxon headg1 :i* answ]s to ! ,fr5* haut-j\r4--,see ,br&1 ,pop4 ,antiq4 #ahdi1 vol4 i4 pp4 #ahd-aia4 ,x w be se5 t ?is ,cov5try play 0 f\nd$ on ! /atem5t :i* _h f\nd a place 9 "s ( our *ronicles z f> back z ! f\rte5? c5tury1 t ^! games ( hock-tide 7 int5d$ to commemorate ! massacre ( ! ,danes on ,/4 ,brice's ,day1 #ajjb2 :ile o!rs1 alleg+ ! fact t ,/4 ,brice's ,day is ! #ac? ( ,novemb]1 suppose x to commemorate ! rejoic+s :i* foll[$ ! dea? ( ,h>dicanute1 & ! accession ( ,edw>d ! ,confessor1 :5 ! c\ntry 0 deliv]$ f ,dani% tyranny4 ,o!rs1 h[ev]1 & probably ) m reason1 ?9k t ^! are bo? errone\s explanations2 & ?is op9ion is /rongly support$ by ! fact t ,hock ,tuesday is n a fix$ day1 b a movable fe/ival1 & dep5d5t on ! great ,anglo-,saxon pagan fe/ival ( ,ea/]1 l ! simil> c]emony ( heav+1 /ill practis$ on ! bord]s ( ,wales on ,ea/] ,monday & ,tuesday4 ,su* old pagan c]emonies 7 pres]v$ among ! ,anglo-,saxons long aft] !y became ,*ri/ians1 b _! real mean+ 0 gradually =gott51 & /ories & leg5ds1 l ?is ( ! ,danes1 aft]w>ds inv5t$ to expla9 !m4 ,x may also be reg>d$ z a confirmation ( ! belief t ?is fe/ival is ! repres5tation ( "s fea/ connect$ ) ! pagan sup]/itions ( our ,saxon =efa!rs1 t ! money :i* 0 collect$ 0 giv5 to ! *ur*1 & 0 usually appli$ to ! rep>ation ( ! *ur* build+s4 ,we c h>dly und]/& :y a collection ( money %\ld be ?us made 9 commemoration ( ! ov]?r[ ( ! ,dani% influ5ce1 b we c easily imag9e h[1 :5 ! fe/ival 0 cont9u$ by ! ,saxons z ,*ri/ians1 :at _h be5 an (f]+ to "s "o ( ! pagan gods might be turn$ into an (f]+ to ! *ur*4 ,! entries on ?is subject 9 ! old *ur*w>d5s' regi/]s ( _m ( our p>i%es n only %[ h[ g5]ally ! cu/om prevail$1 b to :at an ext5t ! middle classes ( society took "p 9 x4 ,9 ,read+ ^! entries g back to a r remote date1 & m5tion collections by m5 z well z wom51 :ile !y seem to %[ t !re ! wom5 8hock$10 z ! phrase 01 on ! ,monday1 & ! m5 on ! ,tuesday4 ,9 ! regi/]s ( ! p>i% ( ,/4 ,laur5ce1 "u ! ye> #adii1 we h3 8,item1 receiv$ ( ,hock money gad]yd ( wom51 xxs4 ,item1 receiv$ ( ,hock money gad]yd ( m51 iiijs40 ,9 ! p>i% ( ,/4 ,giles1 "u ! date #aece3 8,hoc money ga!ryd by ! wyves 7wom571 xiijs4 ixd40 ,9 ,/4 ,m>y's p>i%1 "u ! ye> #aeei3 8,hoctyde money1 ! m5s ga!ryng1 iiijs4 ,! wom5s1 xijs40 ,9 ! 8,privy ,purse ,exp5ses0 ( ,h5ry ,,viii4 = ! ye> #aeje1 is ! foll[+ entry3-- 8,may #b4--,to ,l5desay = ! wiffs at ,gr5ewi*e ^u ,hock ,monday1 #cs4 #d;d40 ,higg9s1 9 8 ,%ort ,view ( ,engli% ,hi/ory1 says t1 8,at ,hoctide ! p g ab\t beat+ brass in/rum5ts1 & s++ old rhymes 9 praise ( _! cruel ance/ors40 ,dr4 ,plot says t "o ( ! uses ( ! money collect$ at ,hoketyde 0 ! rep>ation ( ! sev]al p>i% *ur*es :]e x 0 ga!r$4 ,?is is confirm$ by extracts f ! ,lambe? ,book4--,br&1 ,pop4 ,antiq4 #ahdi1 vol4 i4 p4 #ahi4 ,,b]k%ire4 ,"s s+ul> ,hocktide cu/oms obs]v$ at ,hung]=d are ?us describ$ 9 ! ,/&>d ( ,april #ad?1 #ahgd3--,^! cu/oms are connect$ ) ! ,*>t] = hold+ by ! ,commons ! rights ( fi%+1 %oot+1 & pa/urage ( cattle on ! l&s & prop]ty bequea!d to ! t[n by ,john ,o',gaunt1 ,duke ( ,lanca/]4 ,! proce$+s comm5c$ on ,friday ev5+ ) a supp]1 at :i* ! f>e 0 mac>oni1 ,wel% r>e-bits1 wat]cress1 salad1 & pun*4 ,to-day--,john ,o',gaunt's ,day--kn[n 9 ! t[n z 8,tu?0 ,day1 ! m important bus9ess ( ! season is transact$ at ! ,t[n ,hall1 f ! w9d[ ( :i* ! t[n-cri] bl[s ! fam\s old horn1 :i* has done s]vice on ^! occasions = _m long ye>s4 ,! ty?+ or 8tu?0 m5 !reupon proce$ to ! high con/able's resid5ce1 to receive _! 8tu?0 poles1 :i* are usually decorat$ ) ribbons & fl[]s4 ,! fir/ bus9ess ( ^! (ficials1 :o are g5]ally tradesm5 ( ! bor\gh1 is to visit ! v>i\s s*ools & ask a holiday = ! *ildr52 !n to call at ea* h\se & dem& a toll f ! g5tlem51 & a kiss f ! ladies1 & di/ribute oranges ad libitum ?r\gh\t ! day1 9 expectation ( :i* a troop ( *ildr5 foll[ !m ?r\gh ! /reets1 :i* are = sev]al h\rs kept alive by ! joy\s %\ts & huzzas4 ,! high con/able is elect$ at ! annual c\rt held to-day1 & "o ( ! curi\s cu/oms is ! s5d+ out by t (fic]'s wife ( a b\ntiful supply ( *eesecakes among ! ladies ( ! place4 ,,april #bj4 ,,worce/]%ire4 ,! #bj? ( ,april is ! great fair-day ( ,t5bury1 & !re is a belief 9 ! c\nty t ! cuckoo is nev] he>d till ,t5bury fair-day1 or aft] ,p]%ore fair-day1 :i* is ! #bf? ( ,june4#ce--,n4 ,q4 #bnd ,s4 vol4 i4 p4 #dbi4 #ce ,=m]ly !re prevail$ a s+ul> cu/om peculi> to ! c\nty ( ,%rop%ire1 call$ ! 8cuckoo-ale10 :i* 0 celebrat$ 9 ! mon? ( ,may1 & sometimes ne> ! latt] end ( ,april4 ,z soon z ! fir/ cuckoo _h be5 he>d all ! lab\r+ classes left (f "w1 ev5 if 9 ! middle ( ! day1 & ! "t 0 devot$ to mir? & jollity ov] :at 0 call$ ! cuckoo-ale4--,morn+ ,po/1 ,may #ag?1 #ahba4 ,,april #bc4 ,,/4 ,,george',s ,,day4 ,/4 ,george's ,day1 ?\gh n[ pass$ ov] )\t notice1 0 =m]ly celebrat$ by fea/s ( cities & corporations1 z we le>n f ,johan ,bale1 :o1 speak+ ( ! neglect ( public libr>ies1 has ! foll[+ curi\s apo/rophe3 8,o cyties ( ,engl&e1 ^: glory /&e? m 9 bellye *]e !n 9 ! s]*e ( wysdome godlye4 ,h[ come? x t ney!r y1 nor y\r ydell masmong]s1 h reg>d$ ?ys mo/ wor?y commodyte ( y\r c\ntrey8 ,i mean ! cons]vacyon ( y\r antiquytees1 & ( ! wor?y lab\rs ( y\r l]n$ m54 ,i ?ynke ! r5[ne ( su*e a notable acte wolde h mu*e long> endur$ ?an ( all y\r belly bankettes & table tryumphes1 ey!r yet ( y\r newly pur*as$ hawles to kepe ,/4 ,georges fea/ 940--,preface to ! ,laboryeuse ,j\rney & ,s]*e ( ,john ,lyel&e = ,engl&e's ,antiquitees 9 ,lives ( ,lel&1 ,he>ne1 & ,wood1 vol4 i41 sign ,c4 ,among c\rti]s & p ( fa%ion blue coats 7 worn on ?is day4 ,capta9 ,face1 a "* 9 ! ,ram ,alley1 alludes to ! cu/om among ! knights3-- 8,d y b&y tropes8 ,by ,dis ,i w be knight1 ,we> a blue coat on great ,/4 ,george's ,day1 ,& ) my fell[s drive y all f ,paul's40 ,dodsley's ,old ,plays1 vol4 v4 p4 #dhf4 ,9 ,epigram #cc ( ,! ,seconde ,b[le1 by ,?omas ,freeman1 #dto1 #afad1 quot$ also 9 ,dodsley's ,old ,plays1 vol4 xii4 p4 #cih1 its ?is di/i*3 8,)'s eorum nom9e keep+ great] sway1 ,?an a ,c\rt blew coat on ,/4 ,george's ,day40 ,dr4 ,=/]1 9 8 ,p]5nial ,cal5d> 7#ahbd1 p4 #ahe71 m5tion+ an allusion to ?is dress 9 ,re$'s ,old ,plays 7vol4 xii471 obs]ves t x 0 probably because blue 0 ! fa%ionable col\r ( ,brita91 ov] :i* ,/4 ,george presides1 & n 9 imitation ( ! clo?+ ( ! fields 9 blue1 by ! fl[]+ ( ! blue-bells1 z _m h suppos$4 ,! k+'s spurs became ! fee ( ! *ori/]s at ,w9dsor on in/allations & fea/s on ,/4 ,george's ,day4 ,9 ! 8,privy ,purse ,exp5ses ( ,h5ry ,,vii40 is an entry "u ! ye> #adie3 8,oct4 #a4 ,at ,w9desor4 ,to ! *ildr5 = ! sp\res40 ,a simil> disbursem5t occurs ?rice 9 ! ,privy ,purse ,exp5ses ( ,h5ry ,,viii4 9 #aecj4--,m$4 vi ,kal5d4 vol4 i4 p4 #bad4 ,/rype1 9 8 ,ecclesia/ical ,memorials 7#ahbb1 vol4 iii4 pt4 ii4 p4 #c71 says1 8,april #bcrd #aeeg1 be+ ,/4 ,george's ,day1 ! ,k+'s grace w5t a procession at ,:itehall1 ?r\gh ! hall1 & r\nd ab\t ! c\rt h>d by ! gate1 c]ta9 ( ! ,knights ( ! ,g>t] accompany+ him1 viz41 ! ,"l ,m\ntagu1 ! ,"l ,admiral ,/4 ,an?ony ,/4 ,leg]1 ! ,"l ,cobham1 ! ,"l ,dacre1 ,sir ,?omas ,*eyne1 ! ,"l ,paget1 ! ,e>l ( ,pembroke1 ! ,e>l ( ,arundel1 ! ,"l ,treasur]1 & ,secret>y ,petre1 9 a robe ( crimson velvet1 ) ! g>t] embroid]$ on 8 %\ld] 7z ,*ancellor ( ! ,g>t]74 ,"o b>e a rod ( black1 & a doctor ! book ( records4 ,!n w5t all ! h]alds1 & !n ! ,"l ,talbot b>e ! sword1 & aft] him ! s]geant-at-arms4 ,& !n came ! k+1 ! ,que5's grace look+ out ( a w9d[ beside ! c\rt on ! g>d5 side4 ,& ! bi%op ( ,w9*e/] did execute ! mass1 we>+ 8 mitre4 ,! same aft]noon 7 *os5 ?ree ,knights ( ! ,g>t]1 viz41 ! ,"l ,fitz-,wat]1 ! deputy ( ,irel&2 ,"l ,grey ( ,wilton1 deputy ( ,guynes2 & ,sir ,rob]t ,ro*e/]1 comptroll] ( ! ,que5's h\se4 ,aft]1 ! duke ( ,muscovia 7z t ambassador 0 usually t]m$7 came ?r\gh ! hall & ! gu>d /ood on a r[1 9 _! ri* coats1 ) halb]ts2 & s pass$ up to ! ,que5's *amb]1 ) div]s ald]m5 & m]*ants4 ,& aft] came d[n aga9 to ! *apel to ev5song1 to see ! c]emonies4 ,& imm$iately came ! k+1 7! ,"l ,/range be>+ ! sword71 & ! ,knights ( ! ,g>t]1 to ev5song1 :i* done1 !y w5t all up to ! *amb] ( pres5ce4 ,aft] came ! ambassador1 & took 8 b>ge to ,london4#cf #cf ,see also ,ma*yn's ,di>y1 #ahdh1 p4 #aie4 ,,b]k%ire4 ,! foll[+ is a curi\s acc\nt ( ! exp5ses = decorat+ a figure ( ,/4 ,george on ?is day1 tak5 f ,coates's ,hi/ory ( ,read+1 p4 #bba3 8,*>ge ( ,saynt ,george4 8,fir/ payd = iij caffes-skynes1 & ij horse-skynnes1 iijs4 vjd4 8,payd = makey+ ! l(t t ,saynt ,george /&e? ^u1 vjd4 8,payd = ij plonks = ! same l(t1 viijd4 8,payd = iiij pesses ( cl[t le!r1 ijs4 ijd4 8,payd = makeyng ! yron t ! hors re/e? ^u1 vjd4 8,payd = makeyng ( ,saynt ,george's cote1 viijd4 8,payd to ,john ,paynt] = 8 lab\r1 xlvs4 8,payd = roses1 bells1 gyrdle1 sword1 & dag]1 iijs4 iiijd4 8,payd = settyng on ! bells & roses1 iijd4 8,payd = naylls necess>ye !reto1 xd4 ob40 ,,*e%ire4 ,9 a pamphlet entitl$ ,c]tayne ,collections ( ,an*iante ,times1 conc]n+e ! ,an*ante & ,fam\s ,cittie ( ,*e/] 7already allud$ to7 & publi%$ 9 ,lysons' ,magna ,britannia1 #ahaj1 vol4 ii4 pt4 ii4 pp4 #ehh-eij1 is ! foll[+ acc\nt ( races at "o "t annually held at ,*e/] on ,/4 ,george's ,day3 ,9 ,a4,d4 #afji1 ,mr4 ,william ,le/]1 m]c]1 be+ mayor ( ,*e/]1 "o ,mr4 ,rob]t ,am]ye1 ironmong]1 sometime %]ife ( ,*e/] 7,a4,d4 #afjh71 he1 ) ! ass5t ( ! mayor & cittie1 at 8 own co/e *iefly1 z ,i conceive1 caus$ ?ree silv] cuppes ( good value to be made1 ! :i*e saide silv] cuppes 71 ^u ,/4 ,george's ,daye1 = ev] to be ?us dispos$4 ,all g5tlem5 t w\ld br+e _! horses to ! ,rood-dee t daye1 & !re rune1 t horse :i* ) sp$e did ov]-rune ! re/1 %\ld h ! be/e cuppe !re pres5tly deliv]$1 & t horse :i* came seconde1 nexte ! fir/e1 be=e ! re/1 _h ! seconde cuppe !re also deliv]$1 & = ! ?ird cuppe x 0 to be rune = at ! r+e1 by any g5tleman t w\ld rune = ! same ^u ! said ,rood-dee1 & ^u ,/4 ,george's ,daye1 be+ ?us decre$1 t e horse putt 9 soe mu* money z made ! value ( ! cupps or bells1 & _h ! money1 :i* horses did w9ne ! same1 & ! use ( ! cupps1 till t day twelve mon?1 be+ 9 bond to deliv] 9 ! cupps t daye1 soe also = ! cuppe = ! r+e1 :i* 0 ye>ly cont9u$ accord+ly untill ! ye>e ( our ,"l #afbc2 ,john ,br]eton1 inn-hold]1 be+ mayor ( ,*e/]1 he alt]$ ! same aft] ?is mann] & caus$ ! ?ree cupps to be s\ld1 & caus$ m money to be ga!r$ & add$1 soe t ! int]e/e !re( w\lde make "o faire silv] cuppe1 ( ! value ( #h1 z ,i suppose1 x may be m wor?1 & ! race to be alt]$1 viz41 f beyonde ! ,new-t[] a great di/ance1 & soe to rune five times f t place r[nd ab\t ! ,rood-dee1 & he t ov]came all ! re/ ! la/ c\rse1 to h ! cup freely = ev]1 !n & !re deliv]$1 :i* is cont9u$ to ?is daye4 ,b "h ,i mu/ n omitt ! *>ge1 & ! solemnitie made1 ! fir/ ,/4 ,george's daye2 he _h a poet1 "o ,mr4 ,davies1 :o made spee*es & poeticale v]ses1 :i* 7 deliv]$ at ! high crosse be=e ! mayor & ald]m51 ) %ewes ( 8 inv5tion1#cg :i* booke 0 impr9t$ & pres5t$ to t fam\s ,pr9ce ,h5ry1 elde/ sonne to ! bless$ ,k+ ,james1 ( fam\s memorie4 ,alsoe1 he caus$ a man to g ^u ! spire ( ,/4 ,pet]'s /eeple 9 ,*e/]1 & by ! fane1 at ! same "t he s\nd$ a drum1 & display$ a ban] ^u ! top ( ! same spire4 ,& ?is 0 ! orig9al ( ,/4 ,george's race1 ) ! *ange !re(4 #cg ,! foll[+ description ( ?is %[1 writt5 z x appe>s by ,mr4 ,amorye himself1 is copi$ f "s ,*e%ire collections1 among ! ,h>leian ,,mss4 ,no4 #baej1 f4 #cef4 ,x appe>s t in/ead ( ?ree cups1 z /at$ by ,mr4 ,rog]s1 ! prizes t ye> 7 two bells & "o cup3 8,! mann] ( ! %[e1 t is1 if ,god sp>e life & heal?1 %all be se5e by all ! beh\ld]s ^u ,/4 ,george's ,day next1 be+ ! #bcrd ,april1 #afaj1 & ! same ) m addytions to cont9ue1 be+ = ! kyng's cr[ne & dignitie1 & ! homage to ! ,kyng & ,prynce1 ) t noble victor ,/4 ,george1 to be cont9u$ = ev]4--,god save ! ,kyng4 8,item4--,two m5 9 gre5e liv]ies set ) worke ^u _! o!r habit1 ) blacke he>e1 & blacke be>ds1 v ougly to beh\lde1 & g>l&s ^u _! heads1 ) firworks to scatt] abroad1 to ma9ta9e way = ! re/ ( ! %[e4 8,x4 ,"o on horseback1 ) ! buckl] & head-peece ( ,/4 ,george1 & ?ree m5 to guide him1 ) a drum be=e him1 = ! honor ( ,engl&e4 8,x4 ,"o on horsebacke1 call$ ,fame1 ) a trumpet 9 8 h&1 & ?ree m5 to guide him1 & he to make an oration1 ) 8 habit 9 pompe4 8,x4 ,"o call$ ,m]cury to desc5d f above 9 a cl\de1 8 w+s & all o!r matt]s1 9 pompe1 & heav5ly musicke ) him2 & aft] 8 oration spok51 to ryde on horsebacke1 ) 8 musicke be=e hym4 8,x4 ,"o on horsebacke1 ) ! ,kynge's arms ^u a %ield1 9 pompe4 8,x4 ,"o call$ ,*e/]1 ) an oration1 & drums be=e him1 8 habit 9 pompe4 8,x4 ,"o on horsebacke1 conte5+ ! ,kynge's cr[ne & dignity1 ) an oration 9 pompe4 8,x4 ,"o on horsebacke ) a bell1 d$icat$ to ! kynge1 be+ d\ble-gilt ) ! kynge's armes ^u x1 c>ri$ ^u a sept] 9 pompe1 & be=e him a noise ( trumpets1 9 pompe4 8,x4 ,"o on horsebacke1 ) an oration = ! ,prynce1 9 pompe4 8,x4 ,"o on horsebacke1 ) a bell1 d$icat$ to ! ,prynce1 8 armes ^u x1 9 pompe1 & to be c>ri$ on a sept]1 & be=e ! bell1 a noyse ( trumpets4 8,x4 ,"o on horsebacke1 ) a cup = ,/4 ,george1 c>ri$ ^u a sept]1 9 pompe4 8,x4 ,"o on horsebacke1 ) an oration = ,/4 ,george1 9 pompe4 8,x4 ,/4 ,george himself on horseback1 9 complete armor1 ) 8 /ag & buckl]1 9 pompe1 & be=e him a noyse ( drums4 8,x4 ,"o on horsebacke1 call$ ,peace1 ) an oration1 9 pompe4 8,x4 ,"o on horsebacke1 call$ ,pl5tye1 ) an oration1 9 pompe4 8,x4 ,"o on horsebacke1 call$ ,envy1 ) an oration1 :om ,love w com=t1 9 pompe4 8,x4 ,"o on horseback1 call$ ,love1 ) an oration to ma9ta9e all1 9 pompe4 8,x4 ,! ,maior & 8 bre!r51 at ! p5tes ( ?is citye1 ) !r be/ app>ell1 & 9 sc>let2 & all ! orations to be made be=e him1 & se5e at ! high crosse1 z !y passe to ! ,roodye1 :] by ,g5t %all be runne = by ?irr horses1 = ! two bells on a d\ble /affe & ! cup to be runne = at ! rynge 9 "s place by ,g5t & ) a great] mat] ( ! %[e by armes1 & %ott1 & ) m ?an ,i c recyte1 ) a banket aft] 9 ! ,p5tis to make welcome ! ,g5t2 & :5 all is done1 !n judge :at y h se51 & s speak on y\r mynd1 z y fynd !-- 8,actor = ! pres5te 8,rob]t ,amorye40 8,amor is love1 & ,amorye is 8 "n1 ,t did beg9 ?is pomp & pr9celye game2 ,! *>ge is great to him t all begun1 ,:o n[ is satisfi$ to see all s well done40 ,not)/&+ ,mr4 ,amorye _h ent]ta9$ ! citiz5s s well 9 #afaj1 x 0 ord]$ 9 #afab 8t ! sports & recreations us$ on ,/4 ,george's ,day %\ld 9 future be done by ! direction ( ! ,mayor & citiz5s1 & n ( any private p]son40--,corporation ,records4 ,,leice/]%ire4 ,at ,leice/]1 ! 8,rid+ ( ! ,george0 0 "o ( ! pr9cipal solemnities ( ! t[n4 ,! inhabitants 7 b\nd to att5d ! ,mayor1 or to 8ride aga9/ ! k+10 z x is express$1 or = 8rid+ ! ,george0 or = any o!r ?+ to ! pleasure ( ! ,mayor & wor%ip ( ! t[n4 ,/4 ,george's horse1 h>ness$1 us$ to /& at ! end ( ,/4 ,george's ,*apel1 9 ,/4 ,m>t9's ,*ur*1 ,leice/]4--,fosbroke1 ,dict4 ( ,antiq4 ,,irel&4 ,/4 ,george's ,day 0 at "o "t celebrat$ at ,dubl9 ) high v5]ation4 ,9 ! ,*a9-book ( ! city ( ,dubl9 are sev]al entries to t purpose3 8,item #a4 ,x 0 ord]$ 9 ma9t5ance ( ! pageant ( ,/4 ,george1 t ! ,mayor ( ! =ego+ ye> %\ld f9d ! ,emp]or & ,empress ) _! tra9 & foll[]s well app>ell$ & acc\t]$1 t is to say1 ! ,emp]or att5d$ ) two doctors1 & ! ,empress ) two knights1 & two maid5s ri*ly app>ell$ to be> up ! tra9 ( h] g[n4 8,item #b4 ,! ,mayor = ! "t be+ 0 to f9d ,/4 ,george a horse1 & ! w>d5s to pay #cs4 #d;d4 = 8 wages t day4 ,! bailiffs = ! "t be+ 7 to f9d f\r horses1 ) m5 m\nt$ on !m1 well app>ell$1 to be> ! pole-axe1 ! /&>d1 & ! sev]al swords ( ! ,emp]or & ,/4 ,george4 8,item #c4 ,! eld] ma/] ( ! guild 0 to f9d a maid5 well attir$ to lead ! dragon1 & ! cl]k ( ! m>ket 0 to f9d a gold5 l9e = ! dragon4 8,item #d4 ,! eld] w>d5 0 to f9d = ,/4 ,george f\r trumpets2 b ,/4 ,george himself 0 to pay _! wages4 8,item #e4 ,! y\ng] w>d5 0 oblig$ to f9d ! ,k+ ( ,dele & ! ,que5 ( ,dele1 z also two knights1 to lead ! ,que5 ( ,dele1 & two maid5s to be> ! tra9 ( h] g[n1 all be+ entirely clad 9 black app>el4 ,moreov]1 he 0 to cause ,/4 ,george's ,*apel to be well hung 9 black1 & completely app>ell$ to e purpose1 & 0 to provide x ) cu%ions1 ru%es1 & o!r necess>ies = ! fe/ivity ( t day40--,h>ris1 ,hi/ory ( ,dubl91 #agff1 p4 #adf4 ,,april #bd4 ,,/4 ,,m>k',s ,,eve4 ,9 ,poor ,rob9's ,almanac = #aggj is ! foll[+3-- 8,on ,/4 ,m>k's ,eve1 at twelve o'clock1 ,! fair maid w wat* h] smock1 ,to f9d h] husb& 9 ! d>k1 ,by pray+ unto good ,/4 ,m>k40 ,ass-ridl9 is ano!r sup]/ition practis$ 9 ! nor!rn c\nties4 ,! a%es be+ riddl$ or sift$ on ! he>?1 if any ( ! family be to die )9 ! ye> ! m>k ( ! %oe1 x is suppos$1 w be impress$ on ! a%es2 & _m a mis*iev\s wight has made "s ( ! cr$ul\s family mis]able by slyly com+ d[n /airs1 aft] ! re/ h retir$ to b$1 & m>k+ ! a%es ) ! %oe ( "o ( ! memb]s4--,jamieson1 ,etymol4 ,dict4 ,,nor?ampton%ire4 ,on ,/4 ,m>k's ,eve x is cu/om>y 9 ?is c\nty = "y maid5s to make ! dumb-cake1 a my/ical c]emony :i* has lo/ its orig94 ,! numb] ( ! p>ty nev] exce$s ?ree2 !y meet 9 sil5ce to make ! cake1 & z soon z ! clock /rikes twelve1 !y ea* break a portion (f to eat1 & :5 done !y walk up to b$ backw>ds )\t speak+ a ^w1 = if "o speaks ! spell is brok54 ,^? t are to be m>ri$ see ! lik5ess ( _! swee!>ts hurry+ aft] !m1 z if wi%+ to cat* !m be=e !y get into b$2 b ! maids be+ appris$ ( ?is be=eh& 7by ! cautions ( old wom5 :o h tri$ x71 take c>e to unp9 _! clo!s be=e !y />t1 & are ready to slip into b$ be=e !y are caught by ! pursu+ %ad[4 ,if no?+ is se51 ! desir$ tok5 may be a knock+ at ! doors1 or a ru/l+ 9 ! h\se1 z soon z !y h retir$4 ,to be conv9c$ t x comes f no?+ else b ! desir$ cause1 !y are always p>ticul> 9 turn+ out ! cats & dogs be=e ! c]emony beg9s4 ,^? t are to die unm>ri$ nei!r see nor he> any?+2 b !y h t]rible dreams1 :i* are sure to be ( newly-made graves1 w9d+-%eets1 & *ur*y>ds1 & ( r+s t w fit no f+]1 or :i*1 if !y d1 crumble into du/ z soon z put on4 ,!re is ano!r dumb c]emony1 ( eat+ ! yolk ( an egg 9 sil5ce & !n fill+ ! %ell ) salt1 :5 ! swee!>t is sure to make 8 visit 9 "s way or o!r be=e morn+4--,e ,day ,book1 vol4 i4 p4 #ebc4 ,,york%ire4 ,9 ,york%ire x is usual = ! common p to sit & wat* 9 ! *ur*-por* f elev5 o'clock at night until "o 9 ! morn+4 ,9 ! ?ird ye>1 = ?is mu/ be done ?rice1 x is suppos$ t !y w see ! gho/s ( all ^? :o are to die ! next ye> pass into ! *ur*4 ,:5 any "o sick5s1 :o is ?\ght to h be5 se5 9 ?is mann]1 x is pres5tly :isp]$ ab\t t he w n recov]1 = t su* a "o :o has wat*$ ,/4 ,m>k's ,eve1 says s4 ,! sup]/ition is 9 su* =ce t1 if ! pati5ts !mselves he> ( x1 !y almo/ despair ( recov]y1 & _m are actually said to h di$ by ! influ5ce ( _! imag9ations on ?is occasion4 8#8',tis n[1' repli$ ! village belle1 #8,/4 ,m>k's my/]i\s ,eve2 ,& all t old traditions tell ,i trembl+ly believe4 #8,h[1 :5 ! midnight signal tolls1 ,along ! *ur*y>d gre5 ,a m\rnful tra9 ( s5t5c$ s\ls ,9 w9d+-%eets are se56 #8,! gho/s ( all :om ,dea? %all doom ,)9 ! com+ ye>1 ,9 pale procession walk ! gloom ,amid ! sil5ce dre>4'0 ,br&1 ,pop4 ,antiq4 #ahai1 vol4 i4 p4 #aib2 ,j4 ,montgom]y1 ,vigil ( ,/4 ,m>k4 ,,april #be4 ,,/4 ,,m>k',s ,,day4 ,?is day is di/+ui%$ 9 old kal5d>s by a second appellation1 ,litania ,major1 :i* _h ref]5ce to ! pray]s1 & solemn processions ( cov]$ crosses on ?is day4 ,x 0 frequ5tly conf\nd$ ) ! processions ( ! ,rogations1 :i* dep5d$ ^u ! movable fea/ ( ! ,asc5sion1 & 7 also call$ ,litanies1 ?\gh x does n appe> t ! processions ( ,/4 ,m>k 7 ev] call$ ,rogations4 ,a mi/ake ( ?is k9d 0 committ$ by ! au?or ( a ,saxon homily on ! ,litania ,major1 by apply+ to x ! t]m ,gang ,days1 ! ,saxon "n ( ! ?ree days prec$+ ,holy ,?ursday4--,m$4 vi ,kal5d4 vol4 i4 p4 #bai4 ,,nor?umb]l&4 ,/4 ,m>k's ,day is obs]v$ at ,alnwick by a ridicul\s cu/om 9 connection ) ! admission ( freem5 ( ! common1 alleg$ to h ref]5ce to a visit paid by ,k+ ,john to ,alnwick4 ,x is said t ?is mon>*1 :5 attempt+ to ride across ,alnwick ,moor1 !n call$ ! ,=e/ ( ,aidon1 fell ) 8 horse into a bog or morass :]e he /uck s fa/ t he 0 ) great difficulty pull$ out by "s ( 8 att5dants4 ,inc5s$ aga9/ ! inhabitants ( t t[n = n keep+ ! roads ov] ! moor 9 bett] repair1 or at lea/ = n plac+ "s po/ or m>k po9t+ out ! p>ticul> spots :i* 7 impassable1 he ins]t$ 9 _! *>t]1 bo? by way ( mem5to & puni%m5t1 t = ! future all new creat$ freem5 %\ld on ,/4 ,m>k's ,day pass on foot ?r\gh t morass1 call$ ! ,freem5's ,well4 ,9 ob$i5ce to ?is clause ( _! *>t]1 :5 any new freeman is to be made1 a small rill ( wat] :i* passes ?r\gh ! morass is kept damm$ up = a day or two previ\s to t on :i* ?is c]emonial is to be exhibit$1 by :i* means ! bog becomes s ?or\ghly liquifi$ t a middle siz$ man is *9 deep 9 mud & wat] 9 pass+ ov] x4 ,besides :i*1 n unfrequ5tly1 holes & tr5*es are dug2 9 ^!1 fill$ up & r5d]$ invisible by ! liquid mud1 sev]al freem5 h fall5 d[n & be5 9 great dang] ( suffocation4 ,9 lat] times1 9 proportion z ! new-made freem5 are m or less popul> ! passage is r5d]$ m or less difficult4 ,e>ly 9 ! morn+ ( ,/4 ,m>k's ,day ! h\ses ( ! new freem5 are di/+ui%$ by a holly-tree plant$ be=e ea* door1 z ! signal = _! fri5ds to assemble & make m]ry ) !m4 ,ab\t eight o'clock ! c&idates = ! fran*ise1 be+ m\nt$ on horseback & arm$ ) swords1 assemble 9 ! m>ket place1 :]e !y are jo9$ by ! *amb]la9 & bailiff ( ! ,duke ( ,nor?umb]l&1 att5d$ by two m5 arm$ ) halb]ds4 ,! "y freem5 arrang$ 9 ord]1 ) music play+ be=e !m & accompani$ by a num]\s cavalcade1 m>* to ! we/ end ( ! t[n1 :]e !y deliv] _! swords4 ,!y !n proce$ "u ! guidance ( ! moorgrieves ?r\gh a "p ( _! ext5sive doma91 till !y rea* ! c]emonial well4 ,! sons ( ! olde/ freem5 h ! hon\r ( tak+ ! fir/ leap4 ,on ! signal be+ giv5 !y pass ?r\gh ! bog1 ea* be+ all[$ to use ! me?od & pace :i* to him %all seem be/1 "s runn+1 "s go+ sl[1 & "s attempt+ to jump ov] suspect$ places1 b all 9 _! turns tumbl+ & wall[+ l porpoises at sea1 to ! great amusem5t ( ! populace1 :o usually assemble 9 va/ numb]s on ?is occasion4 ,aft] ?is aquatic excursion1 !y rem\nt _! horses & proce$ to p]ambulate ! rema9d] ( _! l>ge common1 ( :i* !y are to become free by _! a*ievem5t4 ,9 pass+ ! op5 "p ( ! common ! "y freem5 are oblig$ to alight at int]vals1 & place a /one on a cairn z a m>k ( _! b\nd>y1 till !y come ne> a high hill call$ ! ,tw9law or ,t\nlaw ,cairns1 :5 !y set (f at full spe$1 & conte/ ! hon\r ( arriv+ fir/ on ! hill1 :]e ! names ( ! freem5 ( ,alnwick are call$ ov]4 ,:5 arriv$ ab\t two miles f ! t[n !y g5]ally arrange !mselves 9 ord] &1 to prove _! eque/rian abilities1 set (f ) great spe$ & _s ov] bogs1 dit*es1 rocks1 & rugg$ declivities till !y arrive at ,rott5r[ ,t[] on ! conf9es ( ! t[n1 ! =emo/ claim+ ! hon\r ( :at is t]m$ 8w9n+ ! b\nd>ies10 & ( be+ entitl$ to ! tempor>y triumphs ( ! day4 ,hav+ complet$ ! circuits ! "y freem51 ) sword 9 h&1 ent] ! t[n 9 triumph1#ch prec$$ by music1 & accompani$ by a l>ge conc\rse ( p 9 c>riages1 c4 ,hav+ p>ad$ ! /reets1 ! new freem5 & ! o!r eque/rians ent] ! ,ca/le1 :]e !y are lib]ally regal$1 & dr9k ! heal? ( ! "l & lady ( ! manor4 ,! newly-creat$ burgesses !n proce$ 9 a body to _! respective h\ses1 & ar\nd ! holly-tree dr9k a fri5dly glass ) ea* o!r4 ,aft] ?is !y proce$ to ! m>ket-place1 :]e !y close ! c]emony ov] an enliv5+ b[l ( pun*4--,antiqu>ian ,rep]tory1 #ahji1 vol4 iv4 p4 #chg2 ,hi/ory ( ,alnwick1 #ahbb1 pp4 #cjd-cji2 ,g5t4 ,mag41 #agef1 vol4 xxvi4 p4 #gc4 #ch ,x appe>s by a tradition>y acc\nt t at "o "t !y 7 met by wom5 dress$ up ) ribbons1 bells1 & g>l&s ( gumfl[]s1 :o welcom$ !m ) danc+ & s++2 !y 7 call$ timb]-waits1 probably a corruption ( timbrel-waits1 play]s on timbrels1 waits be+ an old appellation = ^? :o play on musical in/rum5ts 9 ! /reet4 ,9 ! ,lonsdale ,magaz9e 7#ahbh1 vol4 iii4 p4 #cab7 occurs ! foll[+3 ,on ,w$nesday 7,/4 ,m>k's ,day7 twelve p]sons 7 made free ( ! ,bor\gh ( ,alnwick1 by scrambl+ ?r\gh a muddy pool1 & p]ambulat+ ! b\nd>ies ( ! moor4 ,,/af=d%ire4 ,at ! fairs held 9 ,w$nesbury on ! #be? ( ,april & #bcrd ( ,july 7old /yle7 a cu/om prevail$ = _m ye>s call$ 8,walk+ ! ,fair40 ,! c]emonies connect$ ) x 7 conduct$ 9 ! foll[+ mann]3 ,on ! morn+ ( ! fair ! beadle appe>$ 9 ! m>ket-place dress$ = ! occasion1 & we>+ z badges ( 8 (fice a bell1 a long pike1 c4 ,to him assembl$ a numb] ( ! pr9cipal inhabitants ( ! p>i%1 (t5 ) a b& ( music4 ,!y !n m>*$ 9 procession1 head$ by ! beadle1 ?r\gh diff]5t p>ts ( ! t[n2 call$ at ! ,elephant & ,ca/le1 9 ! ,high ,bull51 drank two tank>ds ( ale1 & !n return$ into ! m>ket-place :]e !y qu5*$ _! ?ir/ aga9 ) ! same k9d ( bev]age4 ,aft] ?is !y d9$ toge!r at "o ( ! public-h\ses4 ,! exp5ses incurr$ 9 ?is 8,walk+ ! ,fair0 7 defray$ by ! p>i% funds4--,hi/4 ( ,w$nesbury1 #ahed1 p4 #aec4 ,,april #bf4 ,,rogation ,,sunday4 ,rogation ,sunday receiv$ & reta9s its title f ! ,monday1 ,tuesday1 & ,w$nesday imm$iately foll[+ x1 :i* are call$ ,rogation ,days1 d]iv$ f ! ,lat9 rog>e1 to besee*2 ! e>lie/ ,*ri/ians hav+ appropriat$ extraord9>y pray]s & supplications = ^? ?ree days1 z a prep>ation = ! dev\t obs]vance ( our ,savi\r's ,asc5sion on ! day next succe$+ to !m1 d5om9at$ ,holy ,?ursday1 or ,asc5sion ,day4 ,s e>ly z ! ye> #eej1 ,claudius ,mam]tus1 bi%op ( ,vi5ne 9 ,france1 ext5d$ ! object ( ,rogation ,days1 be=e !n solely appli$ to a prep>ation = ! ensu+ fe/ival ( ! ,asc5sion1 by jo9+ to t s]vice o!r solemnities1 9 humble supplication = a bless+ on ! fruits ( ! e>? at ?is season blossom+ =?4 ,:e!r1 z is ass]t$ by "s au?ors1 ,mam]tus _h cause to appreh5d t any calamity might befall !m by blight or o!rwise at ?is p>ticul> p]iod1 or m]ely adapt$ a new ,*ri/ian rite on ! ,roman t]m9alia1 is a matt] ( dispute4 ,sidonius1 bi%op ( ,cl]mont1 soon foll[$ ! example1 & ! fir/ ,c\ncil ( ,orleans1 held 9 ! six? c5tury1 confirm$ its obs]vance ?r\gh\t ! ,*ur*4 ,! :ole week 9 :i* ^! days happ5 is /yl$ ,rogation ,week2 & 9 "s p>ts x is /ill kn[n by ! o!r names ( ,cross ,week1 ,grass ,week1 & ,gang or ,procession ,week3 ,rogation1 9 tok5 ( ! extraord9>y pray+2 ,cross1 because anci5tly t symbol 0 borne by ! prie/ :o (ficiat$ at ! c]emonies ( ?is season2 ,grass1 f ! peculi> ab/95ce obs]v$1 su* z salads1 gre5-sauce1 c41 !n sub/itut$ = fle%2 & ,gang1 or ,procession1 f ! accu/om$ p]ambulations4 ,supplications & ab/95ce are yet enjo9$ by ! ,re=m$ ,*ur*1 & also su* "p ( ! c]emony ( ! processions z relates to ! p]ambulat+ ( ! circuit ( p>i%es1 con=mably to ! regulation made 9 ! reign ( ,que5 ,elizabe?4 ,"o ( our *ur* homilies ( ! day is compos$ p>ticul>ly = ?is occasion4 8,! p %all once a ye>1 at ! "t accu/om$10 says ! injunction ( t ,sov]eign1 8) ! curate & sub/antial m5 ( ! p>i%1 walk ab\t ! p>i%es z !y 7 accu/om$1 & at _! return to *ur* make _! common pray]s2 provid$ t ! curate 9 ! said common p]ambulations1 z h]et(ore 9 ! days ( ,rogations1 at c]ta9 conv5i5t places1 %all admoni% ! p to give ?anks to ,god1 9 ! behold+ ( ,god's b5efits1 = ! increase & abundance ( 8 fruits ^u ! face ( ! e>?1 ) ! say+ ( ,psalm civ41 ,b5$ic1 anima mea1 c43 at :i* "t also ! same m9i/] %all inculcate ?is & su* l s5t5ces1 8,curs$ be he :i* translate? ! b\nds & dales ( 8 neighb\r10 or su* o!r words ( pray] z %all be h]eaft] appo9t$40 ,! be>+ ( will[ w&s makes "p ( ?is c]emony4 ,be=e ! ,re=mation1 ! processions 9 ?is week 7 obs]v$ ) e ext]nal m>k ( devotion2 ! ,cross 0 borne ab\t 9 solemn pomp1 to :i* ! p b[$ ! ready knee2 ) o!r rites consid]$ ( too sup]/iti\s a nature to w>rant _! cont9uance4--,brady1 ,clavis ,cal5d>ia1 #ahae1 vol4 i4 p4 #cdh4 ,,b$=d%ire4 ,a c]ta9 e/ate 9 ,husborne ,crawley has to pay #dl4 on ,rogation ,day1 once 9 sev5 ye>s1 to defray ! exp5ses ( p]ambulat+1 & keep+ up ! b\nd>ies ( ! p>i%4--,old ,engli% ,cu/oms & ,*>ities1 p4 #aaf4 ,,dorset%ire4 ,on ,monday 9 ,rogation week 0 =m]ly held 9 ! t[n ( ,%aftesbury or ,%a/on a fe/ival call$ ! ,bezant1 a fe/ival s anci5t t no au!ntic record ( its orig9 exi/s4 ,! bor\gh ( ,%aftesbury /&s ^u ! br[ ( a l(ty hill1 & until lately1 ow+ to its situation1 0 s defici5t 9 wat] t its inhabitants 7 indebt$ = a supply ( ?is necess>y article ( life to ! little hamlet ( ,enmore ,gre51 :i* lies 9 ! valley bel[4 ,f two or ?ree wells or tanks1 situate 9 ! village1 ! wat] ) :i* ! t[n 0 provid$ 0 c>ri$ up ! !n precipit\s road1 on ! backs ( horses & donkeys1 & sold f door to door4 ,! ,bezant 0 an ackn[l$gm5t on ! "p ( ! mayor1 ald]m5 & burgesses ( ! bor\gh to ! "l ( ! manor ( ,mitcombe1 ( :i* ,enmore ,gre5 =ms a "p1 = ! p]mission to use ?is privilege2 no *>t] or de$1 h[ev]1 exi/s among _! ar*ives1 z to ! comm5cem5t ( ! cu/om1 nei!r are !re any records ( int]e/ connect$ ) its obs]vances beyond ! details ( ! exp5ses incurr$ f ye> to ye>4 ,on ! morn+ ( ,rogation ,monday1 ! mayor & ald]m5 accompani$ by a "l & lady appo9t$ = ! occasion1 & by _! mace-be>]s c>ry+ ! ,bezant1 w5t 9 procession to ,enmore ,gre54 ,! "l & lady p]=m$ at int]vals1 z !y pass$ along a traditional k9d ( dance to ! s\nd ( viol9s2 ! /ew>d ( ! manor meet+ !m at ! gre51 ! mayor (f]$ = 8 acceptance1 z ! repres5tative ( 8 "l1 ! ,bezant1--a calf's head1 uncook$1--a gallon ( ale1 & two p5ny loaves1 ) a pair ( gloves edg$ ) gold lace1 & gave p]mission to use ! wells1 z ( old1 = ano!r ye>4 ,! /ew>d1 hav+ accept$ ! gifts1 reta9+ all = 8 own use1 except ! ,bezant1 :i* he graci\sly gave back1 accord$ ! privilege1 & ! c]emony end$4 ,! ,bezant1 :i* gives its "n to ! fe/ival is some:at difficult to describe4#ci ,x consi/$ ( a sort ( trophy1 con/ruct$ ( ribbons1 fl[]s1 & peacock's fea!rs1 fa/5$ to a frame1 ab\t f\r feet high1 r\nd :i* 7 hung jewels1 co9s1 m$als1 & o!r ?+s ( m or less value1 l5t = ! purpose by p]sons int]e/$ 9 ! matt]2#dj & _m traditions prevail$ ( ! exce$+ value to :i* 9 e>li] times x sometimes rea*$1 & ( ! active "p :i* p]sons ( ! highe/ rank 9 ! neighb\rhood took 9 its annual celebration4 #ci ,bezant be+ ! "n ( an anci5t gold co91 ! c]emony probably took its "n f su* a piece ( money be+ orig9ally t5d]$ to ! "l ( ! manor4--,book ( ,days1 vol4 i4 p4 #ehe4 #dj ,hut*9s says ?is beson or byzant 0 s ri*ly adorn$ ) plate & jewels1 borr[$ f ! neighb\r+ g5try1 z to be wor? no less ?an #aejjl4--,hi/ory ( ,dorset1 #ahjc1 vol4 ii4 p4 #dbe4 ,latt]ly1 h[ev]1 ! fe/ival sadly deg5]at$1 & 9 ! ye> #ahcj1 ! t[n & ! manor pass+ into ! h&s ( ! same proprietor1 x ceas$ altoge!r1 & is n[ "o ( ^? _m obs]vances :i* are numb]$ ) ! pa/4 ,if ?is _h n happ5$1 h[ev]1 ! necessity = x no long] exi/s4 ,! anci5t bor\gh is no long] indebt$ to ! "l ( ! manor = its wat]1 =1 ?r\gh ! lib]ality ( ! ,m>quis ( ,we/m9/]1 its pres5t own]1 ! t[n is b\ntifully suppli$ ) ! pure/ wat] f an artesian well sunk at 8 exp5se4--,! ,book ( ,days1 vol4 i4 p4 #ehe2 ,hut*9s1 ,hi/ory ( ,dorset1 #ahjc1 vol4 ii4 p4 #dbe4 ,,k5t4 ,9 ,rogation week1 ab\t ,ke/on & ,wickham1 a numb] ( "y m5 meet toge!r & ) a mo/ hide\s noise run into ! or*>ds1 &1 encircl+ ea* tree1 pron\nce ^! words3 8,/& fa/1 root2 be> well top2 ,god s5d u a y\l+ sop6 ,e twig1 apple big2 ,e b\gh1 apple en[40 ,= ?is incantation ! confus$ rabble expect a gratuity 9 money1 or dr9k1 :i* is no less welcome2 b if !y are disappo9t$ ( bo?1 !y ) great solemnity ana!matize ! own]s & trees ) altoge!r z insignificant a curse4 ,x seems highly probable t ?is cu/om has aris5 f ! anci5t "o ( p]ambulation among ! hea!n1 :5 !y made pray]s to ! gods = ! use & bless+ ( ! fruits com+ up1 ) ?anksgiv+ = ^? ( ! prec$+ ye>2 & z ! hea!ns supplicat$ olus1 god ( ! w9ds1 = 8 fav\rable bla/s1 s 9 ?is cu/om !y /ill reta9$ 8 "n ) a v small v>iation3 ?is c]emony is call$ y\l+1 & ! ^w is (t5 us$ 9 _! invocations4--,ha/$1 ,hi/ory ( ,k5t1 vol4 i4 p4 #aji4 ,,ox=d%ire4 ,at ,/anlake1 says ,plot1 ! m9i/] ( ! p>i%1 9 8 procession 9 ,rogation ,week1 reads ! ,gospel at a b>rel's head1 9 ! cell> ( ! ,*equ] ,inn1 9 t t[n1 :]e1 accord+ to "s1 !re 0 =m]ly a h]mitage1 accord+ to o!rs a cross1 at :i* !y read a ,gospel 9 =m] times2 ov] :i* ! h\se1 & p>ticul>ly ! cell>1 be+ built1 !y are =c$ to cont9ue ! cu/om4--,hi/ory ( ,ox=d%ire1 #agje1 p4 #bjg4 ,,/af=d%ire4 ,among ! local cu/oms :i* =m]ly prevail$ at ,wolv]hampton may be notic$ t :i* 0 popul>ly call$ 8,procession+40 ,_m ( ! old] inhabitants c well rememb] :5 ! sacri/1 resid5t preb5d>ies1 & memb]s ( ! *oir assembl$ at morn+ pray]s on ,monday & ,tuesday 9 ,rogation ,week1 ) ! *>ity *ildr5 be>+ long poles clo!d ) all k9ds ( fl[]s !n 9 season1 & :i* 7 aft]w>ds c>ri$ ?r\gh ! /reets ( ! t[n ) mu* solemnity1 ! cl]gy1 s++-m5 & boys1 dress$ 9 _! sacr$ ve/m5ts1 clos+ ! procession1 & *ant+1 9 a grave & appropriate melody1 ! ,canticle1 ,b5$icite1 omnia op]a1 c4 ,?is c]emony1 innoc5t at lea/1 & n illaudable 9 itself1 0 ( high antiquity1 tak+ probably its orig9 9 ! ,roman (f]+s ( ! ,primiti1 f :i* 7aft] be+ r5d]$ con=mable to our pur] wor%ip7 x 0 adapt$ by ! fir/ ,*ri/ians1 & h&$ d[n1 ?r\gh a succession ( ages1 to mod]n times4 ,! idea 01 no d\bt1 t ( return+ ?anks to ,god1 by ^: goodness ! face ( nature 0 r5ovat$1 & fre% means provid$ = ! su/5ance & com=t ( 8 creatures4 ,x 0 discont9u$ ab\t #agfe4 ,! b\nd>ies ( ! t[n%ip & p>i% ( ,wolv]hampton are 9 _m po9ts m>k$ out by :at are call$ ,gospel trees1 f ! cu/om ( hav+ ! ,gospel read "u or ne> !m by ! cl]gyman att5d+ ! p>o*ial p]ambulations4 ,^? ne> ! t[n 7 visit$ = ! same purpose by ! procession]s be=e m5tion$1 & are /ill pres]v$ ) ! /ricte/ c>e & att5tion4--,%aw1 ,hi/ory ( ,/af=d%ire1 vol4 ii4 "p i4 p4 #afe4 ,?us ,h]rick 9 8 ,hesp]ides says3-- 8,de>e/1 bury me ,"u t ,holy-,oke1 or ,gospel-,tree1 ,:]e 7?\gh ?\ see/ n7 ?\ may'/ ?9k ^u ,me1 :5 ?\ y]ely g'/ procession40 ,,april #bi4 ,,asc5sion ,,eve4 ,,york%ire4 ,! foll[+ extract is tak5 f ! ,:itby ,gazette ( ,may #bh? #ahgj3-- ,,! ,,p5ny ,,h$ge4--,! =mality ( plant+ ! p5ny h$ge 9 ! b$ ( ! ,riv] ,esk1 on ,asc5sion ,eve1 0 p]=m$ on ,w$nesday la/ by ,mr4 ,isaac ,h]b]t1 :o has = fifty ye>s dis*>g$ ?is on]\s duty4 ,! 8n9e /akes10 8! n9e /r\t-/[]s10 & ! 8n9e g$d]s0 h all be5 once m duly 8plant$40 ,! c]emony 0 witness$ by a numb] ( ladies & g5tlem51 & t highly important function>y1 ! bailiff ( ! "l ( ! manor1 ,mr4 ,george ,welburn1 ( ,fyl+dales1 0 pres5t1 & blew ! usual mal$iction1 8,out on y6 ,out on y6 ,out on y60 ?r\gh ! same id5tical horn :i* sev5te5 c5turies ago r\s$ ) its lugubri\s notes1 on ,asc5sion ,eve1 our ance/ors f _! peaceful slumb]s4 ,:e!r ! wood 0 cut at ! 8/ray head10 & ) a 8knife ( a p5ny price10 we are n able to say1 b a good h$ge 0 plant$2 & al?\gh ea* /ake may n be q 8a y>d f ano!r10 ! h$ge w d\btless be ( su* /r5g? z to )/& ! effect ( ! prescrib$ numb] ( tides4--,see ,"y's ,hi/ory ( ,:itby4 ,"s "t 9 ! spr+1 says a writ] 9 ! ,g5t4 ,mag4 7#agij1 vol4 lx4 p4 #gai71 ,i ?9k ! day be=e ,holy ,?ursday1 all ! ,cl]gy1 att5d$ by ! s++ m5 & boys ( ! *oir1 p]ambulate ! t[n 7,ripon7 9 _! canonicals1 s++ hymns1 & ! blue-coat *>ity-boys foll[ s++1 ) gre5 b\ghs 9 _! h&s4 ,,april #cj4 ,,asc5sion ,,day4 ,9 ,engl& ,asc5sion ,day has be5 kn[n z 8,b\nds ,?ursday10 f beat+ ! b\nds ( ! p>i%1 transf]r$ by a corruption ( ,rogation processions to ?is day4--,kal5d> ( ,engli% ,*ur*1 #ahfe1 p4 #gb4 ,,buck+ham%ire4 ,9 ! p>i% ( ,edgcott !re 0 ab\t an acre ( l&1 let at #cl4 a ye>1 call$ 8,gang ,monday l&10 :i* 0 left to ! p>i% (fic]s to provide cakes & be] = ^? :o took "p 9 ! annual p]ambulation ( ! p>i%4 ,at ,clifton ,reynes1 9 ! same c\nty1 a beque/ ( l& = a simil> purpose directs t "o small loaf1 a piece ( *eese1 & a p9t ( ale %\ld be giv5 to e m>ri$ p]son1 & half a p9t ( ale to e unm>ri$ p]son resid5t 9 ,clifton1 :5 !y walk$ ! p>i% b\nd>ies 9 ,rogation ,week4--,old ,engli% ,cu/oms & ,*>ities1 pp4 #abj1 #abb4 ,,*e%ire4 ,p5nant1 9 8 ,t\r f ,*e/] to ,london 7#ahaa1 p4 #dj71 tells u t on ,asc5sion ,day ! old inhabitants ( ,nantwi* pi\sly sang a hymn ( ?anksgiv+ = ! bless+ ( ! ,br9e4 ,a v anci5t pit1 call$ ! ,old ,br9e1 0 also held 9 great v5]ation1 & till )9 ^! few ye>s 0 annually on ?is fe/ival deck$ ) fl[]s & g>l&s1 & 0 encircl$ by a jovial b& ( "y p1 celebrat+ ! day ) song & dance4 ,aubrey 79 ,,ms4 ,lansd4 #bca7 says1 9 ,*e%ire1 :5 !y w5t 9 p]ambulation1 !y did blesse ! spr+s1 i4e4 !y did read a gospel at !m1 & did believe ! wat] 0 ! bett]4 ,=m]ly !re exi/$ at ,frod%am ! foll[+ cu/om3--,9 ! walk+ ( ! b\nd>ies ( ! p>i% ! 8m5 ( ,frod%am0 pass$1 across ! brook divid+ x f ,helsby 7!n 9 ! adjo9+ p>i% ( ,durham71 ! ,frod%am bann] to ! 8m5 ( ,helsby10 :o 9 _! turn pass$ ov] ! ,helsby bann]4 ,,d]by%ire4 ,"o ( ! prettie/ cu/oms ( ! c\nty ( ,d]by is t ( well-dress+ on ,holy ,?ursday or ,asc5sion ,day at ,tiss+ton1 ne> ,dov$ale4 ,9 ! village are five spr+s or wells1 & ^! are decorat$ ) fl[]s1 arrang$ 9 ! mo/ beautiful devices4 ,bo>ds are cut into ar*es1 p$im5ts1 p9nacles1 & o!r ornam5tal =ms1 & are cov]$ ) moi/ clay to ! ?ickness ( ab\t half-an-in*2 ! fl[]s are cut (f _! /ems & impress$ into ! clay z closely toge!r z possible1 =m+ mottoes1 bord]s1 & o!r devices2 ^! are !n plac$ ov] ! wells1 & x is impossible to conceive a m beautiful appe>ance ?an !y pres5t1 ! wat] gurgl+ f b5ea? !m1 & ov]hung by ! f9e foliage ( ! num]\s ev]gre5s & =e/ trees by :i* !y are surr\nd$4 ,!re is "o p>ticul> v>iety ( ! d\ble daisy kn[n to g>d5]s z ! ,tiss+ton daisy1 :i* appe>s almo/ peculi> to ! place1 & is 9 mu* repute = =m+ ! lett]s ( ! texts & mottoes1 ) :i* ! wells are adorn$4 ,! day is obs]v$ z a complete holiday1 & ! fe/ival attracts a consid]able numb] ( visitors f all ! neighb\r+ t[ns & villages4 ,div9e ,s]vice is p]=m$ 9 ! ,*ur*1 & on its conclusion ! m9i/] & congregation jo9 9 procession & visit ea* well4 ,a portion ( ,scripture is read at ea*1 & a psalm or appropriate hymn is sung4 ,! :ole ( ! wells be+ visit$1 & a pray] (f]$ up1 ! company sep>ate &1 f ! abs5ce ( public-h\ses 9 ! village1 sp5d ! re/ ( ! day 9 temp]ate enjoym5t4 ,! same cu/om 0 obs]v$ at ,brewood & ,bilbrook1 9 ! ,c\nty ( ,/af=d4--,g5t4 ,mag4 #agid1 lxiv4 pp4 #aae1 #bbf2 ,j\r4 ( ! ,ar*4 ,assoc4 #aheb1 vol4 vii p4 #bje2 vide ,times1 ,may #ai?1 #ahgd4 ,,devon%ire4 ,a correspond5t ( ! ,g5t4 ,mag4 7#aghg1 vol4 lvii1 p4 #gah71 says3 ,x is ! cu/om 9 _m villages 9 ! neighb\rhood ( ,exet] 8to hail ! ,lamb10 ^u ,asc5sion morn4 ,t ! figure ( a lamb actually appe>s 9 ! ea/ ^u ?is morn+ is ! popul> p]suasion2 & s deeply is x root$1 t x has frequ5tly resi/$ 7ev5 9 intellig5t m9ds7 ! =ce ( ! /ronge/ argum5t4 ,at ,exet]1 says ,hea? 9 8 ,acc\nt ( ! ,isl&s ( ,scilly 7#agej1 p4 #abh71 ! boys h a cu/om ( ?r[+ wat]1 t is1 ( damm+ up ! *annel 9 ! /reets1 at go+ ! b\nds ( ! sev]al p>i%es 9 ! city1 & ( spla%+ ! wat] ^u ! p pass+ by4 ,neighb\rs z well z /rang]s1 are =c$ to comp\nd ho/ilities by giv+ ! boys ( ea* p>i% money to pass )\t duck+2 ea* p>i% ass]t+ its own pr]ogative 9 ?is respect4 ,,essex4 ,! ,oy/] ,fi%]y has always =m$ a valuable "p ( ! privileges & trad+ prop]ty ( ! t[n ( ,col*e/]4 ,ri*>d ,i4 grant$ to ! burgesses ! fi%]y ( ! ,riv] ,colne1 f ! ,nor? ,bridge z f> z ,we/nesse2 & ?is grant 0 confirm$ to !m by subsequ5t *>t]s1 especially t ( ,edw>d ,,iv4 ,?is fi%]y includes n m]ely ! pla9 c\rse ( ! ,colne1 b all ! creeks1 c41 ) :i* x communicates3 t is to say1 ! entire ,colne ,wat]1 z x is commonly call$4 ,x is1 moreov]1 prov$ by records t ! burgesses ( ,col*e/] are legally entitl$ to ! sole "r ( fi%+ 9 ?is wat]1 to ! exclusion ( all o!rs n lic5s$ & au?oriz$ by !m2 8& h1 & ev] _h1 ! full1 sole1 & absolute p[] to h1 take1 & dispose ( to _! own use1 all oy/]s & o!r fi% )9 ! said riv] or wat]40 ,!re are "s p>i%es adjo9+ ! wat] ^: inhabitants are admitt$1 ^u lic5ce f ! mayor1 to fi% & dr$ge oy/]s !re91 ^! p>i%es be+ ,brightl+sea1 ,wiv5hoe1 & ,ea/ ,donil&4 ,= ! bett] pres]vation ( ?is privilege ,c\rts ( ,admiralty or ,cons]vancy h be5 cu/om>ily held on ,colne ,wat]2 at :i* all (f5ces committ$ )9 ! limits ( ! aquatic royalty are pres5t$ by a jury1 & f9es exact$ on ! (f5d]s4 ,9 ,m>* or ,april ye>ly1 proclamation is made by ! legal au?orities on ! wat] ne> ,m]sea ,/one1 8t ! ,riv] ,colne is %ut1 & t all p]sons are =bidd5 to dr$ge1 or take any oy/]s out ( ! said riv] or ! creeks !reto app]ta9+ be=e ! fea/ ( ,/4 ,m>y ,magdal51 ! #bbnd ( ,july40 ,?is is call$ ,sett+ 7i4e4 ,%utt+7 ! ,colne4--,cromwell1 ,hi/ory ( ,col*e/]1 #ahbe1 pp4 #bhi-bid4 ,,lanca%ire4 ,"u ! "n ( ,ri*>dson's ,*>ity1 a di/ribution takes place at ,ince on ! fea/ ( ! ,asc5sion1 ( five loads ( oatmeal1 ea* load weigh+ two hundr$ & =ty p\nds4 ,?ree loads are giv5 to ! poor ( ! t[n%ip ( ,ince1 "o to ! poor ( ,abram1 & ! o!r to ! poor ( ,h9dley4--,old ,engli% ,cu/oms & ,*>ities1 p4 #cf4 ,,middlesex4 ,9 ,/4 ,magnus & o!r city *ur*es 9 ,london1 ! cl]gy are pres5t$ ) ribbons1 cakes1 & silk /aylaces4--,n4 ,q4 #a/ ,s4 vol4 ix4 p4 #i4 ,,nor?ampton%ire4 ,x is cu/om>y to g 9 tri5nial processions on ,holy ,?ursday1 to p]ambulate ! p>i%es & beat ! b\nd>ies1 = ! purpose ( m>k+ & reta9+ possession2 h5ce ! c]emony is call$ possession+4 ,! p>o*ial au?orities are accompani$ by o!r inhabitants & a numb] ( boys1 to :om x is cu/om>y to di/ribute buns1 c41 9 ord] to impress x ^u _! memory %\ld ! b\nd>ies at any future p]iod be disput$4--,bak]1 ,gloss>y ( ,nor?ampton%ire ,words & ,phrases1 vol4 ii4 p4 #aca4 ,9 ! t[n ( ,nor?ampton ! c]emony ( beat+ ! b\nds is t]m$ 8beat+ ! cross40 ,,nor?umb]l&4 ,on ,asc5sion ,day1 says ,mack5zie 9 8 ,hi/ory ( ,newca/le 7#ahbg1 vol4 ii4 p4 #gdd71 e ye> ! mayor & burgesses ( ,newca/le survey ! b\nd>ies ( ! ,riv] ,tyne4 ,?is annual fe/ive exp$ition />ts at ! ,mansion-,h\se ,quay1 & proce$s to or ne> ! place 9 ! sea call$ ,sp>hawk1 & returns up ! riv] to ! utmo/ limits ( ! ,corporation at ,h$iv9 ,/reams4 ,!y are accompani$ by ! bre?r5 ( ! ,tr9ity ,h\se & ! ,riv] ,jury 9 _! b>ges4 ,brockett m5tions ! smock-race on ,asc5sion ,day1 a race run by females = a smock4 ,^! races 7 frequ5t among ! "y c\ntry w5*es 9 ! nor?4 ,! prize1 a f9e ,holl& *emise1 0 usually decorat$ ) ribbons4 ,! sport is practis$ at ,newburn1 ne> ,newca/le4--,br&1 ,pop4 ,antiq4 #ahdi1 vol4 i4 p4 #baj4 ,,nott+ham%ire4 ,9 ,rogation week ! b\nds ( _m ( ! p>i%es are /ill beat5 ) z mu* pomp by ! beadle z ev]2 & x is believ$ t if an egg :i* is laid on ,asc5sion ,day be plac$ 9 ! ro( ( a h\se1 ! build+ w be pres]v$ f fire & o!r calamities4--,j\r4 ( ,ar*4 ,assoc41 #ahec1 vol4 viii4 p4 #bcc4 ,,ox=d%ire4 ,at ,ox=d ! little crosses cut 9 ! /ones ( build+s to d5ote ! division ( ! p>i%es are :it5$ ) *alk4 ,great numb]s ( boys1 ) peel$ will[ rods 9 _! h&s1 accompany ! m9i/] 9 ! procession4--,br&1 ,pop4 ,antiq4 #ahdi1 vol4 i4 p4 #bjj4 ,aubrey1 9 8 ,rema9s ( ,g5tilism & ,judaism1 says3 8,! fell[s ( ,new ,college h1 "t out ( m9d1 e ,holy ,?ursday1 betwixt ! h\rs ( eight & n9e1 g\ne to ! hospital call$ ,b>t'lemews ne] ,ox=d1 :5 !y retire into ! *apell1 & c]ta9e pray]s are read1 & an an!me sung1 f !nce !y goe to ! upp] end ( ! grove adjo9+ to ! *apell 7! way be+ be=e !m /rew$ ) fl[]s by ! poor p ( ! hospitall71 !y place !mselves r\nd ab\t ! spr+ !re1 :]e !y w>ble =? melodi\sly a song ( ?ree1 f\r1 or five p>ts2 :i* be+ p]=m$ !y refre% !mselves ) a morn+'s draught !re1 & retire to ,ox=d be=e s]mon40 ,,/af=d%ire4 ,=m]ly1 at ,li*field1 ! cl]gyman ( ! p>i%1 accompani$ by ! *ur*w>d5s & sidesm5 & foll[$ by a conc\rse ( *ildr5 be>+ gre5 b\ghs1 repair$ to diff]5t res]voirs ( wat] & !re read ! gospel = ! day1 aft] :i* !y 7 regal$ ) cakes & ale2 dur+ ! c]emony ! door ( e h\se 0 decorat$ ) an elm b\gh4 ,?is cu/om 0 f\nd$ on "o ( ! e>ly in/itutions ( ,*ri/ianity1 t ( bless+ ! spr+s & wells4--,acc\nt ( ,li*field1 #ahah-ai1 p4 #acc4 ,,suffolk4 ,by 8 w1 prov$ 9 ,decemb] #aebg1 ,john ,cole ( ,!lne?am1 direct$ t a c]ta9 f>m-r5t %\ld be appli$ ye>ly to ! purpose ( provid+ 8a bu%ell & halffe ( malte to be br[ne1 & a bu%ell ( :ete to be bak$ to fynde a dr9k+e ^u ,asc5sion ,ev5 ev]la/+e = ye p>i%e ( ,!lne?am to dr9ke at ! ,cross ( ,trappetes40 ,,worce/]%ire4 ,at ,eve%am x is cu/om>y = ! ma/]-g>d5]s to give _! "w-p a treat ( bak$ peas1 bo? :ite & grey 7& pork71 e ye> on ,holy ,?ursday4--,br&1 ,pop4 ,antiq4 #ahdi1 vol4 i4 p4 #bjh4 ,,may ,,eve4 ,an old ,roman kal5d>1 cit$ by ,br& 7,pop4 ,antiq4 #ahdi1 vol4 i4 p4 #baf71 says t on ! #cj? ( ,april boys g to seek ! ,may-trees 7,maii arbores a pu]is exquiruntur71 & 9 ,dryd5's "t ?is e>ly obs]vance ( ,may seems to h be5 cu/om>y2 "o ( 8 h]o9es 8,wak'd1 z h] cu/om 01 be=e ! day1 ,to d ?' obs]vaunce due to sprightly ,may2 ,= sprightly ,may comm&s our y\? to keep ,! vigils ( h] night1 & breaks _! rugg$ sleep40-- ,m$4 vi ,kal5d4 vol4 i4 p4 #bbi4 ,,cornwall4 ,at ,p5zance a numb] ( "y m5 & wom5 assemble toge!r at a public-h\se1 & sit up till ! clock /rikes twelve1 :5 !y g r\nd ! t[n ) viol9s1 drums1 & o!r in/rum5ts1 & by s\nd ( music call ^u o!rs to jo9 !m4 ,z soon z ! p>ty is =m$1 !y proce$ to diff]5t f>m-h\ses )9 f\r or five miles ( ! neighb\rhood1 :]e !y are expect$ z regul>ly z ,may morn+ comes2 & !y !re p>take ( a bev]age call$ junket1 made ( raw milk & r5net1 or runn+1 z x is call$1 sweet5$ ) sug>1 & a little cream add$4 ,aft] ?is !y take tea1 & 8heavy c\ntry cake10 compos$ ( fl\r1 cream1 sug>1 & currants1 !n p>take ( rum & milk1 & conclude ) a dance4 ,aft] ?us regal+ !mselves !y ga!r ! ,may4 ,:ile "s are break+ d[n ! b\ghs1 o!rs sit & make ! 8,may-music40 ,?is is done by cutt+ a circle ?r\gh ! b>k at a c]ta9 di/ance f ! bottom ( ! ,may bran*es2 !n1 by g5tly & regul>ly tapp+ ! b>k all r\nd f ! cut circle to ! end1 ! b>k becomes loos5$1 & slips away :ole f ! wood1 & a hole be+ cut 9 ! pipe1 x is easily =m$ to emit a s\nd :5 bl[n ?r\gh & becomes a :i/le4 ,! ga!r+ & ! 8,may-music0 be+ f9i%$1 !y !n 8br+ home ! ,may0 by five or six o'clock 9 ! morn+1 ) ! b& play+ & _! :i/les bl[+4 ,aft] danc+ ?r\gh\t ! t[n !y g to _! respective employm5ts4 ,al?\gh ,may-day %\ld fall on a ,sunday1 !y obs]ve ! same practice 9 all respects1 ) ! omission ( danc+ 9 ! t[n4--,e ,day ,book1 vol4 i4 p4 #efa4 ,,devon%ire4 ,on ! la/ day ( ,april1 ! proprietor ( e fl[]-g>d5 9 ! neighb\rhood ( ,torquay receives visits f a great numb] ( girls1 :o solicit 8"s fl[]s = ! ,may-dolls40 ,?is is usually compli$ )1 & at no great co/1 z fl[]s are commonly v abundant4 ,soon aft] n9e o'clock on ,may-day1 or ! day foll[+ :5 t falls on ,sunday1 ! same "y folk call at e h\se1 & /op ev]yone !y meet1 to %[ _! ,may-dolls1 collect+1 at ! same "t1 su* small gratuities z may be (f]$4--,once a ,week1 ,sept4 #bd?1 #ahgj4 ,,hunt+don%ire4 ,at ,great ,gransd5 on ! ev5+ or night prec$+ ,may-day1 ! "y m5 7f>m]s' s]vants7 g & cut ! ,may or haw?orn b\ghs1 :i* !y br+ home 9 bundles1 & leave "s at almo/ e h\se1 accord+ to ! numb]s ( "y p]sons 9 x1 s++ :at !y call ,! ,night ,song4 ,on ! ev5+ ( ,may-day1 & ! foll[+ ev5+s1 !y g r\nd to e h\se :]e !y left a b\gh1 & s+ ! ,may ,song4 ,"o is dress$ ) a %irt ov] 8 o!r clo!s1 & decorat$ ) ribbons1 & is call$ ! ,may ,"l1 ano!r 9 girls' clo!s1 is call$ ! ,may ,lady1 or ,m>y4 ,"o has a h&k]*ief on a pole or /ick z a flag1 ^: bus9ess is to keep (f ! cr[d4 ,! re/ h ribbons 9 _! hats4 ,! money collect$ is sp5t 9 a fea/ ( plum cake1 bread & *eese1 & tea4 ,,lanca%ire4 ,! ev5+ be=e ,may-day is t]m$ 8,mis*ief ,night0 by ! "y p ( ,burnley & ! surr\nd+ di/rict1 :5 all k9ds ( mis*ief are p]petrat$4 ,=m]ly %op-keep]s' sign-bo>ds 7 ex*ang$3 8,john ,smi?1 ,groc]10 f9d+ 8 "n & vocation *ang$1 by ! sign ov] 8 door1 to 8,?omas ,jones1 ,tailor10 & vice v]s2 b ! police h put an end to ^! practical jokes4 ,"y m5 & wom51 h[ev]1 /ill cont9ue to play ea* o!r tricks by plac+ bran*es ( trees1 %rubs1 or fl[]s "u ea* o!rs' w9d[s1 or be=e _! doors4 ,all ^! h a symbolical mean+1 z significant1 if n always z complim5t>y1 z 8! ,language ( ,fl[]s40 ,?us 8a ?orn0 implies 8scorn20 8wick50 7! m\nta9 a%71 8my de> *ick520 8a bramble10 = "o :o likes to ramble1 c4 ,mu* ill-feel+ is at times eng5d]$ by ?is cu/om4--,h>l& & ,wilk9son1 ,lanca%ire ,folk ,lore1 #ahfg1 p4 #bci2 see ,n4 ,q4 #a/ ,s4 vol4 v4 p4 #ehj2 #d? ,s4 vol4 vii4 p4 #ebe4 ,:ile read+ "o ev5+ t[>ds ! close ( ,april #ahfa1 says a writ] 9 ! ,book ( ,days 7vol4 i4 p4 #edf71 ,i 0 on a sudd5 aw>e ( a p>ty ( waits or c>oll]s :o _h tak5 _! /& on ! lawn 9 my g>d51#da & 7 s]5ad+ ! family ) a song4 ,!re 7 f\r s+]s1 accompani$ by a flute & a cl>ionet1 & toge!r !y disc\rs$ mo/ simple & ru/ic music4 ,i 0 at a loss to div9e ! occasion ( ?is loyal cu/om1 see+ ! "t 0 n )9 any ( ! great fe/ivals1 ,ea/]1 ,may-day1 or ,:itsuntide4 ,inquiry result$ 9 my obta9+ f an old 8,may]0 ! words ( two songs1 call$ by ! s+]s !mselves 8,may ,songs10 ?\gh ! rule & cu/om are t !y mu/ be sung be=e ! #a/ ( ,may4 ,my *ief in=mant1 an eld]ly man nam$ ,job ,knight1 tells me t he w5t out a ,may-s++ = ab\t f\rte5 ye>s1 b has n[ left x (f4 ,he says t ! ,may]s usually comm5ce _! s++-r\nds ab\t ! middle ( ,april1 ?\gh "s p>ties />t z e>ly z ! beg9n+ ( t mon?4 ,! s++ inv>iably ceases on ! ev5+ ( ! #cj? ( ,april4 ,job says he c rememb] ! cu/om = ab\t ?irty ye>s1 & he nev] he>d any o!r ?an ! two songs :i* foll[4 ,^! are usually sung1 he says1 by five or six m51 ) a fiddle or flute & cl>ionet accompanim5t4 ,! songs are v]bally z recit$ by ,job ,knight1 ! fir/ ( :i* leaves m>ks ( "s antiquity1 bo? 9 con/ruction & phraseology4 ,!re is its d\ble refra9--! second & f\r? l9es 9 e /anza--:i* bo? musically & poetically are f> sup]ior to ! o!rs4 ,its qua9t picture ( mann]s1 ! wor%ipful ma/] ( ! h\se 9 8 *a9 ( gold1 ! mi/ress ) gold along h] brea/1 c41 ! phrases 8h\se & h>b\r10 8ri*es & /ore10--all seem to po9t to e>li] times4 ,! la/ l9e ( ?is song appe>s to convey its object & to indicate a simple sup]/ition t ^! songs 7 *>ms to draw or drive 8^! cold w9t]s away40 ,!re are sev]al l9es 9 bo? songs1 9 :i* ! s5se1 no less ?an ! rhy?m1 seems to h be5 m>r$ f ! songs hav+ be5 h&$ d[n by oral tradition alone1 b ,i h n v5tur$ on any alt]ation4 #da ,9 ! hamlet ( ,sw9ton1 t[n%ip ( ,worsley1 p>i% ( ,eccles4 ,9 ! second1 & m mod]n1 song1 ! refra9 9 ! f\r? l9e ( ea* /anza is aga9 ! mo/ poetical & musical ( ! :ole4 ,,old ,,may ,,song4 ,all 9 ?is pleasant ev5+1 toge!r com]s 78 come are7 we1 ,= ! summ] spr+s s fre%1 gre51 & gay2 ,we'll tell y ( a blossom & buds on e tree1 ,draw+ ne> to ! m]ry mon? ( ,may4 ,rise up1 ! ma/] ( ?is h\se1 put on y\r *a9 ( gold1 ,= ! summ] spr+s s fre%1 gre51 & gay2 ,we hope y're n (f5d$1 7)7 y\r h\se we make s bold1 ,draw+ ne> to ! m]ry mon? ( ,may4 ,rise up1 ! mi/ress ( ?is h\se1 ) gold along y\r brea/1 ,= ! summ] spr+s s fre%1 gre51 & gay2 ,& if y\r body be asleep1 we hope y\r s\l's at re/1 ,draw+ ne> to ! m]ry mon? ( ,may4 ,rise up1 ! *ildr5 ( ?is h\se1 all 9 y\r ri* attire1 ,= ! summ] spr+s s fre%1 gre51 & gay2 ,= e hair ^u y\r head7s7 %9es l ! silv] wire1 ,draw+ ne> to ! m]ry mon? ( ,may4 ,god bless ?is h\se & h>b\r1 y\r ri*es & y\r /ore1 ,= ! summ] spr+s s fre%1 gre51 & gay2 ,we hope ! ,"l w prosp] y1 bo? n[ & ev]more1 ,draw+ ne> to ! m]ry mon? ( ,may4 ,s n[ we're go+ to leave y1 9 peace & pl5ty "h1 ,= ! summ] spr+s s fre%1 gre51 & gay2 ,we %all n s+ y ,may aga9 until ano!r ye>1 ,= to draw y ^! cold w9t]s away4 ,,new ,,may ,,song4 ,come li/5 a:ile to :at we %all say1 ,conc]n+ ! season1 ! mon? we call ,may2 ,= ! fl[]s !y are spr++1 & ! birds !y d s+1 ,& ! bazi]s#db are sweet 9 ! morn+ ( ,may4 ,:5 ! trees are 9 bloom1 & ! mead[s are gre51 ,! sweet-smell+ c[slips are pla9 to be se52 ,! sweet ties ( nature1 :i* we pla9ly d see1 ,= ! bazi]s are sweet 9 ! morn+ ( ,may4 ,all creatures are deem'd1 9 _! /ation bel[1 ,su* com=ts ( love on ea* o!r be/[2 ,our flocks !y're all fold$1 & "y lambs sweetly d play1 ,& ! bazi]s are sweet 9 ! morn+ ( ,may4 ,s n[ to conclude ) mu* fre$om & love1 ,! sweete/ ( bless+s proce$s f above2 ,let u jo9 9 our song t "r happy may we be1 ,= we'll bless ) cont5tm5t 9 ! morn+ ( ,may40#dc #db ,! bazi] is ! "n giv5 9 ?is "p ( ,lanca%ire to ! auricula1 :i* is usually 9 full bloom 9 ,april4 #dc ,! ,*e%ire ,may-song is v simil> to ?is4 ,,l9coln%ire4 ,oliv] 9 8 ,monum5tal ,antiquities ( ,great ,grimsby 7#ahbe1 p4 #ci71 speak+ ( ,holm ,hill & ,abbey ,hill1 two ( ! sev5 hills on :i* ! ,briti% t[n ( ,grym-by 0 situat$1 says !y 7 unit$ by an artificial bank1 call$ ! ,ket ,bank1 9 connection ) :i* he relates ! foll[+ curi\s c]emony3-- ,! great female div9ity ( ! ,briti% ,druids 0 ,ket1 or ,c]idw52 a p]sonification ( ! ,ark ( ,noah2 ! fam\s ,keto ( ,antiquity1 or1 9 o!r words ,c]es1 ! patroness ( ! anci5t my/]ies4 ,to ent] into a full explanation ( ^! my/]ies is unnecess>y4 ,suffice x to say t ! aspirant1 at ! conclusion ( ! c]emony ( initiation1 0 plac$ 9 a small boat1 to repres5t ! conf9em5t ( ,noah 9 ! ,ark2--:i* boat 0 a symbol ( ! helio-arkite deity1--& committ$ to ! waves ) directions to ga9 a propos$ po9t ( l&1 :i* 0 to him a %ore1 n only ( safety1 b ( triumph4 ,on ?is %ore he 0 receiv$ by ! hi]ophant & 8 att5dants1 :o _h plac$ !mselves !re = ! express purpose1 & pron\nc$ a fav\rite ( ,ket1 by :om he 0 n[ said to be purifi$ ) wat]1 & consequ5tly reg5]at$ & purg$ f all 8 =m] defilem5ts4 ,! ,abbey ,hill 0 ! place :]e ^! sacr$ my/]ies 7 celebrat$1 & ! designation ( ?is bank fully corroborates ! conjecture1 = :oev] w att5tively consid] ! situation ( ^! two hills1 connect$ by an ext5d$ embankm5t ev5 at ! pres5t day1 w be conv9c$ t a m conv5i5t spot c\ld n be f\nd = ! p]=mance ( ! above c]emony4 ,! sacr$ rites 7 solemniz$ )9 ! /one circle1 :i* d\btless exi/$ on ! ,abbey ,hill1 & ! c&idate at ! highe/ "t ( ! tide 0 committ$ to ! m]cy ( ! waves f ! po9t n[ kn[n by ! "n ( ,well[ ,mill1 & he _h to /ruggle aga9/ ! decl9+ tide1 until he 0 ca/ at ! foot ( ,holm ,hill1 ^u ! bank ( ,ket1 ! presid+ deity1 "u ^: special protection he 0 ev] aft] plac$4 ,?is c]emony always took place on ,may ,eve1 = at no o!r season 0 ! f9al degree ( p]fection conf]r$1 & z soon z ! =tunate aspirants _h succe$$ 9 ga9+ ! safe l&+-place ( ,ket1 :i* l$ by an easy gradation to ! summit ( ! hill1 fires 7 light$ on ! apex ( ?is & all ! neighb\r+ hills1 & ! mo/ extravagant joy 0 visible ?r\gh\t ! di/rict4 ,,isle ,,( ,,man4 ,on ,may ,eve1 ! juv5ile bran*es ( ne>ly e family 9 ! ,isle ( ,man1 us$ to ga!r primroses1 & /rew !m be=e ! doors ( _! dwell+s1 9 ord] to prev5t ! entrance ( fairies on t night4 ,x 0 q a novel sight to a /rang] to ! cu/om to see ?is delicate fl[] pl5tifully arrang$ at ! door ( e h\se he might pass1 p>ticul>ly 9 ! t[ns on ! night 9 "q or e>ly on ! foll[+ morn+4 ,?is cu/om is n[ ab&on$3 inde$1 x 0 cont9u$ to a late date m ?r\gh ! habit & amusem5t ( *ildr5 ?an f sup]/ition4 ,p]sons m advanc$ 9 life congregat$ on ! m\nta9s on ,may ,eve1 & to sc>e fairies & wit*es1 suppos$ to be roam+ abroad on t p>ticul> night 9 numb]s great] ?an ord9>y1 set fire to ! gorse or ,ko9ney1 & blew horns4 ,_m ( !m rema9$ on ! hills till sunrise1 endeav\r+ to pry into futurity by obs]v+ p>ticul> om5s4 ,if a bright light 0 obs]v$ to issue1 seem+ly1 f any h\se 9 ! surr\nd+ village1 x 0 consid]$ a c]ta9 indication t "s memb] ( ! family w\ld soon be m>ri$2 b if a dim light 7 se5 mov+ sl[ly 9 ! direction ( ! p>i% *ur*1 x 0 !n deem$ equally c]ta9 t a fun]al w\ld soon pass t way to ! *ur*y>d4--,tra91 ,hi/ory ( ! ,isle ( ,man1 #ahde1 vol4 ii4 p4 #aah4 ,,ox=d%ire4 8,at ,wood/ock10 says ,aubrey1 8!y e ,may ,eve goe into ! p>ke & fet* away a numb] ( haw?orne trees1 :i* !y set ab\t _! dores3 'tis pity t !y make su* a de/ruction ( s f9e a tree40 ,,wales4 ,at ,t5by ! inhabitants w5t out 9 troops1 be>+ 9 _! h&s b\ghs ( ?orn 9 full blossom1 :i* 7 b$eck$ ) o!r fl[]s1 & !n /uck outside ! w9d[s ( ! h\ses4 ,maypoles 7 re>$ up 9 diff]5t p>ts ( ! t[n1 decorat$ ) fl[]s1 col\r$ pap]s1 & bun*es ( v>iegat$ ribbon4--,mason's ,tales & ,traditions ( ,irel&1 #aheh1 p4 #ba4 ,,irel&4 ,! foll[+ cu/om ( ! ,iri% is describ$ 9 a ,,ms4 ( ! sixte5? c5tury1 & seems to h be5 ( ,pagan orig93 8,^u ,maie ,eve !y w drive _! cattell ^u _! neighb\r's corne1 to eate ! same up2 !y 7 wont to beg9 f ! va/1 & ?is pr9cipally ^u ! ,engli% *url4 ,unlesse !y d s ^u ,maie daie1 ! wit* ha? p[] ^u _! cattell all ! y]e foll[+40--,n4 ,q4 #a/ ,s4 vol4 vii4 p4 #ha4 ,sir ,h5ry ,pi]s1 9 8 ,acc\nt ( ,we/mea?1 #afhb1 says3--8,on ,may ,eve1 e family sets up be=e _! door a gre5 bu%1 /rew$ ov] ) yell[ fl[]s1 :i* ! mead[s yield pl5tifully4 ,9 c\nties :]e timb] is pl5tiful1 !y erect tall sl5d] trees1 :i* /& high1 & !y cont9ue almo/ ! :ole ye>2 s t a /rang] w\ld g nigh to imag9e t !y 7 all signs ( ale-sell]s1 & t all h\ses 7 ale-h\ses40 ,,may #a4 ,,may ,,day4 ,! fe/ival ( ,may ,day has exi/$ 9 ?is c\ntry1 ?\gh its =m has (t5 *ang$1 f ! e>lie/ times1 & we f9d abundant traces ( x bo? 9 our poets & old *ronicl]s4 ,tollet imag9es t x orig9ally came f our ,go?ic ance/ors2 & c]ta9ly1 if ?is is to be tak5 = a pro(1 ! ,sw$es & ,go?s welcom$ ! fir/ ( ,may ) songs & dance1 & _m ru/ic sports2 b !re is only a g5]al1 n a p>ticul>1 lik5ess betwe5 our ,may-day fe/ivities & ^? ( our ,go?ic ance/ors4 ,o!rs aga9 h s\ght = ! orig9 ( our cu/oms 9 ! ,floralia1 or r ! ,maiuma1 ( ! ,romans1 :i* 7 e/abli%$ at a lat] p]iod "u ! ,emp]or ,claudius1 & diff]$ p]haps b little f ! =m]1 except 9 be+ m dec5t4 ,b ?\gh x may at fir/ seem probable t our ,may-games may h come imm$iately f ! ,floralia or ,maiuma ( ! ,romans1 !re c be little "q t _! f9al orig9 mu/ be s\ght 9 o!r c\ntries1 & f> remot] p]iods4 ,maurice says 7,indian ,antiquities1 vol i4 p4 #hg7 t our ,may-day fe/ival is b a repetition ( ! phallic fe/ivals ( ,india & ,egypt1 :i* 9 ^? c\ntries took place ^u ! sun ent]+ ,taurus1 to celebrate ,nature's r5ew$ f]tility4 7phallos7 9 ,greek signifies a pole1 9 addition to its m important mean+1 ( :i* ?is is ! type2 & 9 ! precession ( ! ,equ9oxes & ! *anges ( ! cal5d> we %all f9d an easy solution ( any app>5t inconsi/5cies aris+ f ! diff]5ce ( seasons4 ,t ! ,may-fe/ival has come d[n to u f ! ,druids1 :o !mselves _h x f ,india1 is prov$ by _m /rik+ facts & co9cid5ces1 & by none m ?an ! ve/iges ( ! god ,bel1 ! ,apollo1 or ,orus1 ( o!r nations4 ,! ,druids celebrat$ 8 wor%ip on ! fir/ ( ,may1 by light+ imm5se fires 9 hon\r ( him ^u ! v>i\s c>ns1 & h5ce ! day is call$ by ! aborig9al ,iri% & ! ,scot* ,highl&]s--bo? remnants ( ! ,celtic /ock--la ,bealt9e1 ,bealta9e or ,belt9e1 t is1 ! day ( ,bel5's fire1 =1 9 ! ,corni%1 :i* is a ,celtic dialect1 we f9d t tan is fire1 & to t9e signifies to light ! fire4 ,! ,iri% /ill reta9 ! ,phnician cu/om ( light+ fires at %ort di/ances1 & mak+ ! cattle pass betwe5 !m4 ,fa!rs1 too1 tak+ _! *ildr5 9 _! arms1 jump or run ?r\gh !m1 ?us pass+ ! latt] z x 7 ?r\gh ! flames--! v practice s expressly condemn$ 9 ,scripture4 ,b ev5 ?is cu/om appe>s to h be5 only a sub/itute = ! atroci\s sacrifice ( *ildr5 z practis$ by ! eld] ,phnicians4 ,! god ,saturn1 t is1 ,molo*1 0 repres5t$ by a /atue b5t slightly =w>d1 & s plac$ t ! lea/ weight 0 suffici5t to alt] its position4 ,into ! arms ( ?is idol ! prie/ gave ! *ild to be sacrific$1 :51 its balance be+ ?us de/roy$1 x flung or r dropt1 ! victim into a fi]y furnace t blaz$ bel[4 ,if o!r pro(s 7 want+ ( ,ea/]n orig91 we might f9d !m 9 ! fact t ,brita9 0 call$ by ! e>li] inhabitants ! ,isl& ( ,beli1 & t ,bel _h also ! "n ( ,hu1 a ^w :i* we see aga9 occurr+ 9 ! ,huli fe/ival ( ,india4--,new ,curiosities ( ,lit]ature1 vol4 i4 p4 #bbi4 ,see ,higg9s' ,celtic ,druids1 *ap4 v4 sect4 #bc1 p4 #aha2 ,h\sehold ,words1 #ahei1 vol4 xix4 p4 #eeg2 ,tolan's ,hi/ory ( ! ,druids1 #hvo1 p4 #aae2 ,celtic ,rese>*es1 #ahjf1 #hvo1 p4 #aia2 ,vossius1 ,on ! ,orig9 ( ,idolatries3 ,essai sur le ,culte des ,div9its ,gnratrices4 ,go+ a-,may+4--,b\rne 7,antiquitates ,vulg>es1 *ap4 xxv47 describes ?is cu/om z x exi/$ 9 8 "t3--,on ! cal5ds1 or fir/ ( ,may1 commonly call$ ,may-day1 ! juv5ile "p ( bo? sexes are wont to rise a little aft] midnight & walk to "s neighb\r+ wood1 accompani$ ) music & bl[+ ( horns1 :]e !y break d[n bran*es f ! trees1 & adorn !mselves ) nosegays & cr[ns ( fl[]s2 :5 ?is is done !y return ) _! booty homew>ds1 ab\t ! ris+ ( ! sun1 & make _! doors & w9d[s to triumph ) _! fl[]y spoils4 ,9 ,*auc]'s ,c\rt ( ,love we read t e>ly on ,may-day 8,f\r? go? al ! c\rt1 bo? mo/ & le/1 to fet*e ! fl[ris fre% & blome40 ,9 ! old romance1 too1 ,la ,morte d',ar?ur1 translat$ by ,sir ,?omas ,maleor1 or ,mellor1 9 ! reign ( ,edw>d ,,iv41 is a passage descriptive ( ! cu/oms ( ! times4 8,n[ x befell 9 ! mone? ( lu/y ,may1 t ,que5e ,gu5ev] call$ unto h] ! knyghtes ( ! ,r\nd ,table1 & gave !m w>n+ t e>ly 9 ! morn+ %e %\ld ride on may+ into ! woods & fields beside ,we/m9/]40 ,! rural cl]gy1 :o seem to h m+l$ !mselves ) _! flock on all occasions1 :e!r ( sorr[1 devotion1 or amusem5t1 7 reprov$ by ,gro/ete1 or ,grea!ad1 ,bi%op ( ,l9coln1 = go+ a-may+4--,m$4 vi ,kal5d4 vol4 i4 p4 #bcc4 ,%akespe>e likewise1 allud+ to ?is cu/om1 says 7,h5ry ,,viii4 ,act v4 sc4 #c71 x 0 impossible to make ! p sleep on ,may-morn+1 & 7,midsumm] ,night's ,dream1 ,act i4 sc4 #a7 t !y rose up e>ly to obs]ve ,may day4 8,if ?\ love/ me !n1 ,/eal =? ?y fa!r's h\se to-morr[ night2 ,& 9 ! wood1 a league )\t ! t[n1 ,:]e ,i did meet !e once ) ,hel5a1 ,to d obs]vance to a morn ( ,may1 ,!re w ,i /ay = !e40 ,& aga93 8,no d\bt !y rise up e>ly to obs]ve ,! rite ( ,may40--,act4 iv4 sc4 #a4 ,may-dew4--,?is 0 held ( s+ul> virtue 9 =m] times1 & ?us 9 ! ,morn+ ,po/ ( #bnd ,may1 #agia1 we are told t ! day be=e1 be+ ! ,fir/ ( ,may1 accord+ to annual & sup]/iti\s cu/om1 a numb] ( p]sons w5t into ! fields & ba!d _! faces ) ! dew on ! grass1 "u ! idea t x w\ld r5d] !m beautiful4 ,pepys on a c]ta9 day 9 ,may makes ?is entry 9 8 ,di>y3 8,my wife away1 d[n ) ,jane & ,w4 ,hew] to ,woolwi*1 9 ord] to a little ayre & to lie !re to-night1 & s to ga!r ,may-dew to-morr[ morn+1 :i* ,mrs4 ,turn] ha? taught h] is ! only ?+ 9 ! _w to wa% h] face )40 ,may-games4--,:5 ,*ri/ianity1 says ,soane 7,curiosities ( ,lit]ature1 p4 #bcj71 f\nd its way into ,brita91 ! same mode w\ld seem to h be5 adopt$ 9 reg>d to ! ,may-games by ! wise lib]ality ( ! fir/ mission>ies t we see !m employ+ 9 s _m o!r cases4 ,conc$+ to ! prejudices ( ! p1 !y did n attempt to root out long e/abli%$ *>act]s1 b inve/$ !m ) ano!r "* z bees close 9 ) wax ! noxi\s sub/ance !y are unable to remove4 ,?us 9 c\rse ( "t ! fe/ival 0 n only div]t$ f its orig9al int5tion1 b ev5 ! mean+ ( its v>i\s symbols 0 =gott54 ,x deg5]at$ into a m]e holiday1 & z su* long cont9u$ to be ! delight ( all ages & ( all classes1 f k+ & que5 ^u ! ?rone to ! peasant 9 8 cottage4 ,?us1 = example1 ,h5ry ,,viii4 appe>s to h be5 p>ticul>ly atta*$ to ! ex]cise ( ar*]y & ! obs]vance ( ,may4 8,"s %ort "t aft] 8 coronation10 says ,hall 7,vit4 ,h5ry ,,viii41 fol4 vi4 #f71 8he came to ,we/m9/] ) ! ,que5 & all _! tra94 ,& on a "t be+ !re1 8 ,grace1 ! ,e>ls ( ,essex1 ,wilt%ire1 & o!r noblem51 to ! numb] ( twelve1 came sudd5ly into ! ,que5's *amb]1 all app>ell$ 9 %ort coats ( ,k5ti% ,k5dal1 ) hoods on _! heads1 & hos5 ( ! same1 e "o ( !m 8 b[ & arr[s1 & a sword & buckl]1 l outlaws or ,rob9 ,hood's m52 :]e( ! ,que51 ! ladies1 & all o!rs !re1 7 aba%$1 z well = ! /range sight1 z also = _! sudd5 com+2 & aft] c]ta9 dances & pa/imes made1 !y dep>t$40 ,/[1 too1 9 8 ,survey ( ,london 7#afjc1 #dto1 p4 #ii7 has ! foll[+3--8,9 ! mone? ( ,may1 namely on ,may-day 9 ! morn+1 e man1 except imp$im5t1 w\ld walke into ! sweete mead[s & gre5e woods1 !re to rejoyce _! spirites ) ! beauty & sav\r ( sweete fl[]s1 & ) ! h>mony ( birds prays+ ,god 9 _! k9d2 & = example h]e( ,edw>d ,hall ha? not$ t ,k4 ,h5ry ! ,eigh?1 z 9 ! #c ( 8 reigne & div]s o!r ye>s1 s namely on ! sev5? ( 8 reigne on ,may day 9 ! morn+1 ) ,qwe5 ,ka!r5 8 wife1 accompani$ ) _m lords & ladies1 rode a-may+ f ,gre5wit* to ! high gr\nd ( ,%oot]'s hill1 :]e z !y pass$ by ! way !y espi$ a company ( tall yeom5 clo!d all 9 gre5e1 ) gre5e :oodes & ) b[es & arr[es1 to ! numb] ( #ajj4 ,"o be+ _! *iefta9e 0 call$ ,rob9 ,hoode1 :o requir$ ! k+ & 8 companie to /ay & see 8 m5 %oote1 :]eunto ! k+ graunt+1 ,rob9 ,hoode :i/l$1 & all ! #bjj ar*]s %ot (f1 los+ all at once1 & :5 he :i/l$ aga9e1 !y likewise %ot aga9e2 _! arr[es :i/l$ by craft ( ! head1 s t ! noyse 0 /range & l\de1 :i* greatly delight$ ! k+1 que5e1 & _! companie40 ,x may seem /range1 rem>ks ,soane1 t ,rob9 ,hood %\ld be s prom95t a figure 9 a fe/ival :i* orig9at$ long be=e he 0 born1 s9ce we fir/ f9d m5tion ( him & 8 =e/ companions 9 ! reign ( ,k+ ,john1 :ile ! floral games ( ,engl&1 z we h se51 _h _! rise ) ! ,druids4 ,! sports ( ,rob9 ,hood 7 mo/ probably fir/ in/itut$ = ! enc\ragem5t ( ar*]y1 & x is n surpris+ if a recreation s especially connect$ ) summ] & ! =e/1 0 celebrat$ at ! op5+ ( ! ye>--! op5+1 t is1 s f> z x relat$ to rural sports & pleasures4 ,by degrees x w\ld become bl5d$ ) ! fe/ival already exi/+1 & 9 a %ort "t1 f its sup]ior attraction1 x w\ld become ! pr9cipal feature ( x4 ,d\ce1 9 8 ,illu/rations ( ,%akespe>e 7vol4 ii4 p4 #ded71 says ! introduction ( ,rob9 ,hood into ! celebration ( ,may probably sugge/$ ! addition ( a k+ or "l ( ,may4 ,soane1 h[ev]1 takes a v diff]5t view1 be+ ( op9ion t ! cu/om ( elect+ a ,"l & ,lady ( ! ,may 9 ! popul> sports exi/$ at a f> e>li] p]iod--long inde$ be=e ! "t ( ,rob9 ,hood's introduction--at ! same "t support+ 8 /atem5t f a comm& giv5 9 ! synod at ,worce/]1 ,a4 ,d4 #abdj1 ,canon #ch1 8,ne int]s9t ludis inhone/is1 nec su/9eant ludos fi]i de rege et reg9a40 ,= an int]e/+ acc\nt ( ! ,rob9 ,hood games see ,/rutt's novel1 ,que5 ,hoo ,hall 7quot$ 9 ,book ( ,days1 vol4 i4 p #ehj74 ,consult also ,ritson's ,collection ( ,poems relat+ to ,rob9 ,hood 7#ahec71 & ,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq4 #ahdi1 vol4 i4 pp4 #bdg-bgb4 ,morris-dance4--,x is suppos$ to be ( ,moori% orig91 & to be d]iv$ to u f ,spa94 ,h5ce its "n4 ,! pr9cipal *>act]s ( x g5]ally 7 ,rob9 ,hood1 ,maid ,m>ian1 ,sc>let1 ,/okesley1 ,little ,john1 ! ,hobby ,horse1 ! ,bavian or ,fool1 ,tom ! ,pip] ) 8 pipe & tabor1 ! ,dragon1 ( :i* we h no m5tion be=e #aehe4 ,! numb] ( *>act]s v>i$ mu* at diff]5t times & places4 ,see ,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq4 #ahdi1 vol4 i4 pp4 #bdg-bgj1 & ,book ( ,days1 vol i4 pp4 #fcj-fcc4 ,maypoles4--,! e>lie/ repres5tation ( an ,engli% maypole is t publi%$ 9 ! ,v>iorum ,%akespe>e1 & depict$ on a w9d[ at ,betley 9 ,/af=d%ire1 !n ! prop]ty ( ,mr4 ,tollet1 & :i* he 0 dispos$ to ?9k z old z ! "t ( ,h5ry ,,viii4 ,! pole is plant$ 9 a m\nd ( e>?1 & has affix$ to x ,/4 ,george's r$-cross bann]1 & a :ite p5non or /ream] ) a =k$ end4 ,! %aft ( ! pole is pa9t$ 9 a diagonal l9e ( black col\r ^u a yell[ gr\nd1 a *>act]i/ic decoration ( all ^! anci5t maypoles1 z allud$ to by ,%akespe>e 9 8 ,midsumm] ,night's ,dream1 :]e x gives po9t to ,h]mia's allusion to h] rival ,hel5a z1 8a pa9t$ maypole40--,book ( ,days1 vol4 i4 p4 #ege4--,see ,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq4 #ahdi1 pp4 #bcd-bdg4 ,x 01 says ,hone 7,e ,day ,book1 vol4 i4 p4 #eef71 a great object ) "s ( ! m rigid re=m]s to suppress amusem5ts1 especially maypoles2 & ^! idols ( ! p 7 tak5 d[n z zeal grew fi]ce1 & put up z x grew cool1 till1 aft] v>i\s ups & d[ns1 ! fav\rites ( ! populace 7 by ! ,p>liam5t1 on ! #f? ,april1 #afdd1 ?us provid$ aga9/3 8,! ,lords & ,commons d fur!r ord] & orda9 t1 all & s+ul> maypoles t are or %all be erect$1 %all be tak5 d[n & remov$ by ! con/ables1 bos%old]s1 ti?+-m51 petty con/ables1 & *ur*w>d5s ( ! p>i%es :]e ! same be1 & t no maypole be h]eaft] set up1 erect$1 or suff]$ to be set up )9 ?is k+dom ( ,engl& or dom9ion ( ,wales2 ! said (fic]s to be f9$ five %ill+s weekly till ! said maypole be tak5 d[n40 ,accord+ly d[n w5t all ! maypoles t 7 left4 ,! re/oration ( ,*>les ,,ii4 h[ev] 0 ! signal = _! revival4 ,on ! v #a/ ( ,may aft]w>ds1 9 #affa1 ! maypole 9 ! ,/r& 0 re>$ ) great c]emony & rejoic+4 ,a contempor>y writ] 79 ,cities ,loyalty ,display$1 #affa1 #dto7 speak+ ( x1 says1 8,?is tree 0 a mo/ *oice & rem>kable piece2 'twas made bel[ ,bridge1 & br\ght 9 two p>ts up to ,scotl& ,y>d1 ne> ! ,k+'s ,palace1 & f !nce x 0 convey$1 ,april #ad?1 to ! ,/r& to be erect$ ne>ly opposite ,som]set ,h\se4 ,x 0 br\ght ) a /ream] fl\ri%+ be=e x1 drums beat+ all ! way1 & o!r sorts ( musick2 x 0 suppos$ to be s long t l&sm5 7z c>p5t]s7 c\ld n possibly raise x2 7,pr9ce ,james1 ! ,duke ( ,york1 ,"l ,high ,admiral ( ,engl&1 comm&$ twelve seam5 (f aboord to come & (ficiate ! bus9ess1 :]eupon !y came & br\ght _! cables1 pullies1 & o!r tackl9s1 ) six great an*ors72 aft] ?is 0 br\ght ?ree cr[ns borne by ?ree m5 b>e-head$1 & a /ream] display+ all ! way be=e !m1 drums beat+1 & o!r musick play+2 num]\s multitudes ( p ?rong+ ! /reets ) great %\ts & acclamations all day long4 ,! maypole !n be+ joyn$ toge!r1 ! cr[n & cane ) ! ,k+'s arms ri*ly gild$ 0 plac$ on ! head ( x4 ,?is be+ done1 ! trumpets did s\nd1 & 9 f\r h\rs space x 0 advanc$ upright1 aft] :i* be+ e/abli%$ fa/ 9 ! gr\nd1 six drums did beat1 & ! trumpets did s\nd2 aga9 great %\ts & acclamations ! p give t x did r+ ?r\gh\t all ! ,/r&4 ,aft] t came a morris-dance f9ely deckt1 ) purple sc>fs 9 _! half-%irts ) a tabor1 & pipe1 ! anci5t musick1 & danc$ r\nd ab\t ! maypole1 & aft] t danc$ ! r\nds ( _! lib]ty4 ,^u ! top ( ?is fam\s /&>d is likewise set up a royal purple /ream]1 ab\t ! middle ( x is plac$ f\r cr[ns m1 ) ! ,k+'s arms likewise2 !re is also a g>l& set ^u x ( v>i\s col\rs ( delicate ri* fav\rs1 "u :i* is to be plac$ ?ree great lan?orns1 to rema9 = ?ree hon\rs2 t is1 "o = ,pr9ce ,james1 ,duke ( ,york1 ,"l ,high ,admiral ( ,engl&2 ! o!r = ! ,vice-,admiral2 & ! ?ird = ! re>-,admiral3 ^! are to give light 9 d>k nights1 & to cont9ue s long z ! pole /&s1 :i* w be a p]petual hon\r = seam540--,see ,! ,t[n1 ,leigh ,hunt 7#ahei1 p4 #afa74 ,! au?or ( a pamphlet entitl$ ,! ,way to ,?+s by ,words1 & ,words by ,?+s1 consid]s ! maypole 9 a curi\s light4 ,we ga!r f him1 says ,br& 7,pop4 ,antiq4 #ahdi1 vol4 i4 p4 #bde71 t our ance/ors held an anniv]s>y assembly on ,may-day1 & t ! column ( ,may 7:5ce our maypole7 0 ! great /&>d ( ju/ice 9 ! ,ey-commons1 or fields ( ,may4 ,"h x 0 ! p1 if !y saw cause1 depos$ or puni%$ _! gov]nors1 _! b>ons1 & _! k+s4 ,! judge's b\gh or w& 7n[ discont9u$1 & only fa9tly repres5t$ by a trifl+ nosegay71 & ! /aff or rod ( au?ority 9 ! civil & 9 ! milit>y 7= x 0 ! mace ( civil p[]1 & ! trun*eon ( ! field-(fic]s71 are bo? d]iv$ f h5ce4 ,a mayor1 he says1 receiv$ 8 "n f ?is ,may1 9 ! s5se ( lawful p[]2 ! cr[n--a m>k ( dignity & symbol ( p[]1 l ! mace & sceptre--0 also tak5 f ! ,may1 be+ repres5tative ( ! g>l& or cr[n1 :i* :5 hung on ! top ( ! ,may or pole1 0 ! great signal = conv5+ ! p2 ! ar*es ( x1 :i* spr+ f ! circlet & meet toge!r at ! m\nd or r\nd bell1 be+ necess>ily s =m$1 to susp5d x to ! top ( ! pole4 ,! ^w maypole1 he obs]ves1 is a pleonasm2 9 ,fr5* x is call$ s+ly ,mai4 ,9 front ( ! spot n[ occupi$ by ,/4 ,m>y-le-,/r& anci5tly /ood a cross1 at :i*1 says ,/[1 8,9 ! ye> #abid & o!r times1 ! ju/ices it9]ant sat )\t ,london40 ,9 ! ,briti% ,apollo 7#agjh1 vol4 i47 a writ] says3 ,x 0 a cu/om among ! anci5t ,britons1 be=e conv]t$ to ,*ri/ianity1 to erect ^! maypoles1 adorn$ ) fl[]s1 9 hon\r ( ! goddess ,flora4 ,keysl]1 says ,mr4 ,borlase1 ?9ks t ! cu/om ( ! maypole took its orig9 f ! e>ne/ desire ( ! p to see _! k+1 :o1 seldom appe>+ at o!r times1 made 8 procession at ?is "t ( ye> to ! great assembly ( ! /ates held 9 ! op5 air4--,pop4 ,antiq4 #ahdi1 vol4 i4 p4 #bdf4 ,*imney-sweep]s4--,h[ or :5 ! *imney-sweep]s contriv$ to intrude _! sooty p]sons into ! company ( ! gay & graceful ,flora ^u h] high fe/ival does n appe>4 ,x is c]ta91 h[ev]1 t 9 ,london !y h long obs]v$ ! e>ly days ( ,may z an e/abli%$ holiday1 on :i* occasion !y p>ade ! /reets 9 p>ties1 fanta/ically trick$ out 9 tawdry f9]y1 enri*$ ) /rips ( gilt & v>i\s col\r$ pap]s1 c4 ,) _! faces *alk$1 & _! %ovels & bru%es 9 h&1 !y cap] ! 8,*imney-sweep]'s ,dance0 to a well-kn[n tune1 consid]$ by amateurs z m noisy ?an musical4 ,"s ( ! l>g] p>ties are accompani$ by a fiddle1 a 8,jack-9-!-,gre510 & a 8,"l & lady ( ! ,may40 ,! 8,jack-9-!-,gre50 is a man conceal$ )9 a frame ( wick]work cov]$ ) leaves1 fl[]s1 c4--,soane1 ,new ,curiosities ( ,lit]ature1 p4 #bfa2 ,sports1 ,pa/imes1 & ,cu/oms ( ,london1 #ahdg1 p4 #cd2 ,see ,e ,day ,book1 vol4 i4 p4 #ehc1 vol4 ii4 p4 #fai4 ,milkmaid's ,dance4--,on ! fir/ day ( ,may1 says a writ] 9 ! ,spectator 7vol4 v471 8! ruddy milkmaid ex]ts h]self 9 a mo/ sprightly mann] "u a pyramid ( silv] tank>ds1 &1 l ! virg9 ,t>peia1 oppress$ by ! co/ly ornam5ts :i* h] b5efactors lay ^u h]40 ,^! decorations ( silv] cups1 tank>ds1 & salv]s 7 borr[$ = ! purpose1 & hung r\nd ! milk-pails1 ) ! addition ( fl[]s & ribbons1 :i* ! maid5s c>ri$ ^u _! heads :5 !y w5t to ! h\ses ( _! cu/om]s1 & danc$ 9 ord] to obta9 a small gratuity f ea* ( !m4 ,( late ye>s ! plate1 ) ! o!r decorations1 0 plac$ 9 a pyramidical =m1 & c>ri$ by two *airm5 ^u a wood5 horse4 ,! maid5s walk$ be=e x1 & p]=m$ ! dance )\t any incumbrance4 ,sometimes 9 place ( ! silv] tank>ds & salv]s !y sub/itut$ a c[4 ,! animal _h h] horns gilt1 & 0 ne>ly cov]$ ) ribbons ( v>i\s col\rs1 =m$ into b[s & roses1 & int]sp]s$ ) gre5 oak5 leaves & bun*es ( fl[]s4--,/rutt1 ,sports & ,pa/imes1 #ahja1 b4 iv4 p4 #bff4dd #dd ,at ,basl[1 9 ! c\nty ( ,d]by1 ! fe/ival ( kit-dress+ is1 occasionally1 obs]v$4 ,! kits or milk pails are fancifully & ta/efully decorat$ ) ribbons1 & hung ) fe/oons ( fl[]s & ornam5ts ( musl9 & silk1 & ) gold & silv] ?read4 ,! kits are c>ri$ on ! heads ( ! "y wom5 ( ! village1 :o1 att5d$ by ! "y m5 & prec$$ by a b& ( music1 p>ade ! /reets1 & end ! day's proce$+s by a dance4 ,j\r4 ( ,ar*4 ,assoc4 #aheb1 vol4 vii4 p4 #bjh4 ,pepys 9 8 ,di>y1 ,may #a/1 #affg1 says1 8,to ,we/m9/]2 on ! way meet+ _m milkmaids1 ) _! g>l&s ^u _! pails1 danc+ ) a fiddl] be=e !m1 & saw pretty ,nelly ,nell ,gwynne /&+ at h] lodg+s' door 9 ,drury ,lane 9 h] smock sleeves & bodice1 look+ ^u "o2 %e seem$ a mighty pretty creature40 ,9 a set ( pr9ts call$ ! ,tempe/ ,cryes ( ,london1 "o is call$ ! ,m]ry ,milkmaid1 ^: prop] "n 0 ,kate ,smi?4 ,%e is danc+ ) h] milk-pail on h] head1 decorat$ ) silv] cups1 tank>ds1 & salv]s borr[$ = ! purpose1 & ti$ toge!r ) ribbons1 & ornam5t$ ) fl[]s4 ,misson1 too1 9 8 ,obs]vations on 8 ,travels 9 ,engl&1 alludes to ?is cu/om4 ,he says3 ,on ! #a/ ( ,may1 & ! five & six days foll[+1 all ! pretty "y c\ntry girls t s]ve ! t[n ) milk dress !mselves up v neatly1 & borr[ abundance ( silv] plate1 :]e( !y make a pyramid1 :i* !y adorn ) ribbons & fl[]s1 & c>ry ^u _! heads in/ead ( _! common milk-pails4 ,9 ?is equipage1 accompani$ by "s ( _! fell[ milkmaids & a bag-pipe or fiddle1 !y g f door to door1 danc+ be=e ! h\ses ( _! cu/om]s1 9 ! mid/ ( boys & girls t foll[ !m 9 troops1 & ev]ybody gives !m some?+4--,ozell's ,translation1 #hvo1 #agai1 p4 #cjg4 ,9 ,read's ,weekly ,times1 ,may #e?1 #agcc1 occurs ! foll[+3--,on ,may-day ! milk-maids :o s]ve ! ,c\rt danc$ m9uets & rigadoons be=e ! ,royal family1 at ,/4 ,james's ,h\se1 ) great applause4 ,! foll[+ l9es descriptive ( ! milkmaid's g>l& are tak5 f ,e ,day ,book1 vol4 i4 pp4 #efi1 #egj3-- 8,9 ,london ?irty ye>s ago1 ,:5 pretty milkmaids w5t ab\t1 ,x 0 a goodly sight to see ,_! ,may-day pageant all drawn out4 ,!mselves 9 comely col\rs dre/1 ,_! %9+ g>l& 9 ! middle1 ,a pipe & tabor on be=e1 ,or else ! foot-inspir+ fiddle4 ,!y /opt at h\ses :]e x 0 ,_! cu/om to cry #8milk bel[6' ,&1 :ile ! music play'd1 ) smiles ,jo9'd h&s & po9t$ toe to toe4 ,?us !y tripp'd on1 till--f door to door ,! hop'd-= annual pres5t s5t-- ,a signal came1 to c\rtsey l[1 ,& at t door cease m]rim5t4 ,su* sc5es & s\nds once ble/ my eyes ,& *>m'd my e>s2 b all h vani%'d4 ,on ,may-day n[ no g>l&s g1 ,= milkmaids & _! dance are bani%'d4 ,see ,*appell's ,popul> ,music ( ! ,old5 ,"t1 #ahee-i2 also ,e ,day ,book1 vol4 ii4 p4 #aefb4 ,may-gosl+4--,a writ] 9 ! ,g5t4 ,mag4 7#agia1 vol4 lxi4 p4 #cbg7 says a ,may-gosl+1 on ! #a/ ( ,may1 is made ) z mu* eag]ness 9 ! nor? ( ,engl& z an ,april noddy 7noodle7 or fool on ! #a/ ( ,april4 8,u4 ,p4 ,k4 spells ,may-gosl+s0 is an expression us$ by boys at play z an insult to ! los+ p>ty4 ,u4 ,p4 ,k4 is up-pick1 t is1 up ) y\r p9 or peg1 ! m>k ( ! goal4 ,an additional puni%m5t 0 ?us3 ! w9n] made a hole 9 ! gr\nd ) 8 heel1 into :i* a peg ab\t ?ree in*es long 0 driv51 its top be+ bel[ ! surface2 ! los]1 ) 8 h&s ti$ beh9d him1 0 to pull x up ) 8 tee?1 ! boys buffet+ ) _! hats1 & call+ out1 8,up-pick6 y ,may gosl+60 or 8,u4 ,p4 ,k41 gosl+ 9 ,may40#de #de ,see p4 #bfe4 ,,b]k%ire4 ,at ,ab+don ! *ildr5 & "y p =m]ly w5t ab\t 9 gr\ps on ,may morn+1 s++ ! foll[+ c>ol3-- 8,we've be5 a-rambl+ all ! night1 ,& sometime ( ?is day2 ,& n[ return+ back aga91 ,we br+ a g>l& gay4 ,:y don't y d z we h done ,on ?is fir/ day ( ,may8 ,& f our p>5ts we h come1 ,& w\ld no long] /ay4 ,a g>l& gay we br+ y "h1 ,& at y\r door we /&2 ,x is a spr\t well budd$ out1 ,! "w ( our ,"l's h&4 ,:y don't y d1 c4 ,s de>1 s de> z ,*ri/ lov$ u1 ,& = our s9s 0 sla92 ,*ri/ bids u turn f wick$ness ,back to ! ,"l aga94 ,:y don't y d10 c4-- ,n4 ,q4 #d? ,s4 vol4 iii4 p4 #dja4 ,,buck+ham%ire4 ,9 a ,,ms4 9 ! ,briti% ,museum entitl$ ,/atus ,s*ol ,eton5sis1 ,a4,d4 #aefj1 x is /at$ t on ! day ( ,/4 ,philip & ,/4 ,james1 if x be fair wea!r1 & ! ma/] grants leave1 ^? boys :o *oose x may rise at f\r o'clock1 to ga!r ,may-bran*es1 if !y c d x )\t wett+ _! feet2 & t on t day !y adorn ! w9d[s ( ! b$-*amb]s ) gre5 leaves1 & ! h\ses are p]fum$ ) fragrant h]bs4 ,,cambridge%ire4 ,"s d]ive ,may f ,maia1 ! "m ( ,m]cury1 to :om !y (f]$ sacrifices on ! fir/ day ( x2 & ?is seems to expla9 ! cu/om :i* prevails on ?is day at ,cambridge ( *ildr5 hav+ a figure dress$ 9 a grotesque mann]1 call$ a ,may-lady1 be=e :i* !y set a table hav+ on x w9e1 c4 ,!y also beg money ( pass5g]s1 :i* is consid]$ z an (f]+ to ! ,maulk92 = _! plea to obta9 x is 8,pray rememb] ! poor ,may-lady40 ,p]haps ! g>l&s1 = :i* !y also beg1 orig9ally adorn$ ! head ( ! goddess4 ,! bu% ( haw?orn1 or1 z x is call$1 ,may1 plac$ at ! doors on ?is day1 may po9t out ! fir/fruits ( ! spr+1 z ?is is "o ( ! e>lie/ trees :i* blossoms4--,audley1 ,companion to ! ,almanack1 #ahaf1 p4 #ga4 ,,*e%ire4 ,9 ?is c\nty ! "y m5 =m]ly celebrat$ ,may-day by plac+ l>ge bidd5 b\ghs ov] ! doors ( ! h\ses :]e ! "y wom5 resid$ to :om !y paid _! addresses2 & an ald] b\gh 0 (t5 plac$ ov] ! door ( a scold4--,lysons' ,magna ,britannia1 #ahaj1 vol4 ii4 pt4 ii4 p4 #dfb4 ,maypoles are also erect$1 & danc$ r\nd 9 "s villages ) z mu* avidity z ev]4--,j\r4 ( ,ar*4 ,assoc41 #ahej1 vol4 v4 p4 #bed4 ,wa%+ton ,irv+ 9 8 ,sket* ,book says1 ,i %all nev] =get ! delight ,i felt on fir/ see+ a ,maypole4 ,x 0 on ! banks ( ! ,dee1 close by ! picturesque old bridge t /ret*es across ! riv] f ! qua9t little city ( ,*e/]4 ,i _h already be5 c>ri$ back into =m] days by ! antiquities ( t v5]able place1 ! exam9ation ( :i* is equal to turn+ ov] ! pages ( a black-lett] volume1 or gaz+ on ! pictures 9 ,froiss>t4 ,! ,maypole on ! m>g9 ( t poetic /ream complet$ ! illusion4 ,my fancy adorn$ x ) wrea?s ( fl[]s1 & peopl$ ! gre5 bank ) all ! danc+ revelry ( ,may-day4 ,,cornwall4 ,9 ,cornwall ?is day is hail$ by ! juv5iles z 8dipp+-day40 ,on ,may-morn+ ! *ildr5 g out into ! c\ntry & fet* home ! fl[]+ bran*es ( ! :ite-?orn1 or b\ghs ( ! n>r[-leav$ elm1 :i* has j put =? its leaves1 bo? ( :i* are call$ 8,may40 ,at a lat] h\r all ! boys ( ! village sally =? ) _! bucket1 c1 & syr+e1 or o!r in/rum5t1 & avail !mselves ( a lic5ce :i* ! season conf]s 8to dip0 or well nigh dr[n1 )\t reg>d to p]son or circum/ances1 ! pass5g] :o has n ! protection ( a piece ( 8,may0 9 8 hat or button-hole4 ,! sprig ( ! haw?orn or elm is probably held to be pro( t ! be>] has n fail$ to rise e>ly 8to d obs]vance to a morn ( ,may40--,n4 ,q4 #a/ ,s4 vol4 xii4 p4 #big4 ,borlase1 9 8 ,natural ,hi/ory ( ,cornwall1 tells u t an anci5t cu/om /ill reta9$ by ! ,corni% is t ( deck+ _! doors & por*es on ! #a/ ( ,may ) gre5 sycamore & haw?orn b\ghs1 & ( plant+ trees1 or r /umps ( trees1 be=e _! h\ses4 ,bond1 9 8 ,hi/ory ( ,ea/ & ,we/ ,looe 7#ahbc1 p4 #ch71 says3--,on ,may-day ! boys dress _! hats ) fl[]s & haw?orn1 & furni% !mselves ) bullocks' horns1 9 :i* /icks ( ab\t two feet long are fix$1 & ) ^! in/rum5ts fill$ ) wat] !y p>ade ! /reets all day1 & dip all p]sons :o pass !m if !y h n :at is call$ ,may 9 _! hats1 t is1 a sprig ( haw?orn4 ,a writ] also 9 ,once a ,week 7,sept4 #bd?1 #ahgj71 speak+ ( c]ta9 ,corni% cu/oms1 tells u t dipp+ 0 admitt$ by ! boys ( ,looe to be v great fun1 & a ,may-day )\t any w\ld h be5 vot$ an utt] failure2 nev]!less ! copp]s ( commutation 7 v acceptable1 z ! great two-day fair ( ! t[n 0 held t[>ds ! close ( ! week1 :5 ca% 0 g5]ally 9 dem&4 ,h5ce :5 any "o flung p5ce among !m1 !y 7 wont to *ant dur+ ! scramble-- 8,! ,fir/ ( ,may is dipp+-day1 ,! ,six? ( ,may is ,looe's fair day40 ,on ! #a/ ( ,may a species ( fe/ivity1 ,hit*9s tells u1 0 obs]v$ 9 8 "t at ,pad/[3 call$ ! ,hobby-horse1 f ! figure ( a horse be+ c>ri$ ?r\gh ! /reets4 ,m51 wom51 & *ildr5 flock$ r\nd x1 :5 !y proce$$ to a place call$ ,traitor ,pool1 ab\t a qu>t] ( a mile di/ant1 9 :i* ! hobby-horse 0 always suppos$ to dr9k4 ,! head aft] be+ dipp$ into ! wat]1 0 in/antly tak5 out1 & ! mud & wat] 7 spr9kl$ on ! spectators1 to ! no small div]sion ( all4 ,on return+ home a p>ticul> song 0 sung1 :i* 0 suppos$ to commemorate ! ev5t t gave ! hobby-horse bir?4 ,accord+ to tradition ! ,fr5* once ^u a "t effect$ a l&+ at a small cove 9 ! vic9ity1 b see+ at a di/ance a numb] ( wom5 dress$ 9 r$ cloaks1 :om !y mi/ook = soldi]s1 !y fl$ to _! %ips & put to sea4 ,! day g5]ally end$ 9 riot & dissipation4--,hit*9s1 ,hi/ory ( ,cornwall1 #ahbd1 vol4 i4 p4 #gbj4 ,on ! fir/ ,sunday aft] ,may-day x is a cu/om ) families at ,p5zance to visit ,rose-hill1 ,polti]1 & o!r adjac5t villages1 by way ( recreation4 ,^! pleasure-p>ties g5]ally consi/ ( two or ?ree families toge!r4 ,!y c>ry fl\r & o!r mat]ials ) !m to make ! 8heavy cake0#df at ! f>m-dairies1 :i* are always op5 = _! reception4 ,nor d !y =get to take tea1 sug>1 rum1 & o!r com=table ?+s = _! refre%m5t1 :i*1 by pay+ a trifle = bak+ & = ! niceties await+ _! consumption1 cont5t ! f>m]s = ! h\se-room & pleasure !y af=d _! welcome visitants4--,e ,day ,book1 vol4 i4 p #efa4 #df ,see ,may-eve1 ,p5zance1 p4 #baf4 ,,d]by%ire4 ,maypoles are to be se5 9 "s ( ! village-gre5s /ill /&+1 & adorn$ ) g>l&s on ,may-day4 ,on ?is morn+1 too1 ! "y village wom5 g out ab\t sunrise = ! purpose ( wa%+ _! faces 9 ! ,may-dew1 & return 9 ! full hope ( hav+ _! complexions improv$ by ! process4--,j\r4 ( ,ar*4 ,assoc41 #aheb1 vol4 vii4 p4 #bjf4 ,,devon%ire4 ,at ! village ( ,holne1 situat$ on "o ( ! spurs ( ,d>tmoor1 is a field ( ab\t two acres1 ! prop]ty ( ! p>i%1 & call$ ! ,ploy 7play7 ,field4 ,9 ! c5tre ( ?is /&s a granite pill> 7,m5hir7 six or sev5 feet high4 ,on ,may-morn+ be=e daybreak ! "y m5 ( ! village us$ to assemble !re1 & !n proce$ to ! moor1 :]e !y select$ a ram lamb 7d\btless ) ! cons5t ( ! own]71 & aft] runn+ x d[n1 br\ght x 9 triumph to ! ,ploy ,field1 fa/5$ x to ! pill>1 cut its ?roat1 & !n roa/$ x :ole1 sk91 wool1 c4 ,at midday a /ruggle took place1 at ! risk ( cut h&s1 = a slice1 x be+ suppos$ to conf] luck = ! ensu+ ye> on ! =tunate dev\r]4 ,z an act ( gallantry ! "y m5 sometimes f\ght _! way ?r\gh ! cr[d to get a slice = ! *os5 among/ ! "y wom51 all ( :om1 9 _! be/ dresses1 att5d$ ! ,ram ,fea/1 z x 0 call$4 ,danc+1 wre/l+1 & o!r games1 assi/$ by copi\s libations ( cid] dur+ ! aft]noon1 prolong$ ! fe/ivity till midnight4--,n4 ,q4 #a/ ,s4 vol4 vii4 p4 #cec4 ,9 "s places x is cu/om>y = ! *ildr5 to c>ry ab\t f h\se to h\se two dolls1 a l>ge & a small "o--beautifully dress$ & decorat$ ) fl[]s4 ,?is cu/om has exi/$ at ,torquay f "t immemorial4 ,,essex4 ,at ,saffron-,wald51 & 9 ! village ( ,debd51 an old ,may-day song 7almo/ id5tical ) t giv5 "u ,,b]k%ire1 :i* see7 is sung by ! little girls1 :o g ab\t 9 p>ties1 c>ry+ g>l&s f door to door4 ,! g>l&s :i* ! girls c>ry are sometimes l>ge & h&some1 & a doll is usually plac$ 9 ! middle1 dress$ 9 :ite1 accord+ to c]ta9 traditional regulations4--,illu/rat$ ,london ,news1 ,june #f?1 #aheg1 p4 #eec4 ,,gl\ce/]%ire4 ,9 ! village ( ,r&wick1 h>d by ! ,/r\d clo?-mills1 at ! appo9t$ daybreak1 ?ree *eeses 7 c>ri$ ^u a litt]1 fe/oon$ & g>l&$ ) blossoms1 d[n to ! *ur*y>d1 & roll$ ?rice my/ically r\nd ! sacr$ build+2 be+ subsequ5tly c>ri$ back 9 ! same way ^u ! litt] 9 triumphal procession1 to be cut up on ! village-gre5 & di/ribut$ piecemeal among ! by/&]s4--,h\sehold ,words1 #ahei1 vol4 xix4 p4 #eae4 ,9 ?is c\nty ! *ildr5 s+ ! foll[+ song z !y dance r\nd ! ,maypole3 8,r\nd ! ,maypole1 trit-trit-trot6 ,see :at a ,maypole we h got2 ,f9e & gay4 ,trip away1 ,happy is our new ,may-day40-- ,aunt ,judy's ,magaz9e1 #ahgd1 ,no4 xcvii4 p4 #dcf4 ,,hamp%ire4 ,9 ! village ( ,burley1 "o ( ! mo/ beautiful villages ( ! ,new ,=e/1 a maypole is erect$1 a fte is giv5 to ! s*ool-*ildr51 & a ,may-que5 is *os5 by lot2 a floral cr[n surm\nts ! pole1 & g>l&s ( fl[]s hang ab\t ! %aft4 ,,h]t=d%ire4 ,at ,baldock1 9 =m] times1 ! peasantry 7 accu/om$ to make a 8my-"l-&-my-lady0 9 effigy on ! fir/ ( ,may4 ,^! figures 7 con/ruct$ ( rags1 pa/ebo>d1 old masks1 canvas1 /raw1 c41 & 7 dress$ up 9 ! holiday habilim5ts ( _! fabricators--8my lady0 9 ! be/ g[n'd1 apron1 k]*ief1 & mob cap ( ! dame1 & 8my "l0 9 ! ,sunday ge> ( h] ma/]4 ,! tir+ f9i%$1 8! pair0 7 seat$ on *airs or jo9t-/ools1 plac$ outside ! cottage-door or 9 ! por*1 _! bosoms ornam5t$ ) l>ge b\quets ( ,may fl[]s4 ,!y support$ a hat1 into :i* ! contributions ( ! look]s-on 7 put4 ,be=e !m1 on a table 7 arrang$ a mug ( ale1 a dr9k+-horn1 a pipe1 a pair ( spectacles1 & sometimes a newspap]4 ,! obs]vance ( ?is usage 0 exclusively conf9$ to ! wives ( ! lab\r+ poor resid5t 9 ! t[n1 :o 7 amply comp5sat$ = _! pa9s-tak+ by ! contributions1 :i* g5]ally am\nt$ to some?+ consid]able4 ,b ^! 7 n ! only solicitors on ,may-day2 ! juv5iles ( ,baldock con/ruct$ a g>l& ( hoops transv]s$1 decorat$ ) fl[]s1 ribbons1 c41 affix$ to ! extremity ( a /aff1 by :i* x 0 borne1 simil> to ^? at ,nor?ampton & ,lynn4--,hone1 ,! ,ye> ,book1 #ahch1 p4 #aeic4 ,! foll[+ amus+ acc\nt ( ! mann] 9 :i* ,may-day 0 =m]ly obs]v$ at ,hit*9 is giv5 by a correspond5t ( ,e ,day ,book1 #ahbf1 vol4 i4 p4 #efe3 ,soon aft] ?ree o'clock 9 ! morn+ a l>ge p>ty ( ! t[nspeople1 & neighb\r+ lab\r]s p>ade ! t[n1 s++ ! ,may]'s ,song4 ,!y c>ry 9 _! h&s l>ge bran*es ( ,may1 & !y affix a bran* ei!r ^u or at ! side ( ! doors ( ne>ly e respectable h\se 9 ! t[n4 ,:]e !re are knock]s !y place _! bran*es )9 ! h&les4 ,! l>g] ! bran* is t is plac$ at ! door ! m hon\rable to ! h\se1 or r to ! s]vants ( ! h\se4 ,if 9 ! c\rse ( ! ye> a s]vant has giv5 (f5ce to any ( ! may]s1 !n1 in/ead ( a bran* ( ,may1 a bran* ( eld]1 ) a bun* ( nettles1 is affix$ to h] door3 ?is is consid]$ a great disgrace1 & ! un=tunate subject ( x is expos$ to ! je]s ( h] rivals4 ,on ,may-morn+1 !re=e1 ! girls look ) "s anxiety = _! ,may-bran*1 & rise v e>ly to asc]ta9 _! good or ill-=tune4 ,! h\ses are all ?us decorat$ by f\r o'clock 9 ! morn+4 ,?r\gh\t ! day p>ties ( ^! may]s are se5 danc+ & frolick+ 9 v>i\s p>ts ( ! t[n4 ,! gr\p t ,i saw to-day1 :i* rema9$ 9 ,bancr(t = m ?an an h\r1 0 compos$ z foll[s3--,fir/ came two m5 ) _! faces black$1 "o ( !m ) a bir* broom 9 8 h&1 & a l>ge artificial hump on 8 back2 ! o!r dress$ z a woman1 all 9 rags & tatt]s1 ) a l>ge /raw bonnet on1 & c>ry+ a ladle2 ^! are call$ 8,mad ,moll & h] husb&20 next came two m51 "o mo/ fanta/ically dress$ ) ribbons1 & a great v>iety ( gaudy-col\r$ silk h&k]*iefs ti$ r\nd 8 arms1 f ! %\ld]s to ! wri/s1 & d[n 8 ?ighs & legs to ! ancles2 he c>ri$ a drawn sword 9 8 h&2 lean+ ^u 8 arm 0 a y\? dress$ z a f9e lady 9 :ite musl91 & pr(usely b$eck$ f top to toe ) gay ribbons--^! 7 call$ ! 8,"l & ,lady0 ( ! company2 aft] ^! foll[$ six or sev5 c\ples m1 attir$ mu* 9 ! same /yle z ! "l & lady1 only ! m5 7 )\t ! swords4 ,:5 ?is gr\p receiv$ a satisfactory contribution at any h\se ! music /ruck up f a viol91 cl>ionet1 & fife1 accompani$ by ! long drum1 & !y began ! m]ry dance4 ,:ile ! danc]s 7 m]rily foot+ x ! pr9cipal amusem5t to ! populace 0 caus$ by ! grimaces & cl[ni% tricks ( ,mad ,moll & h] husb&4 ,:5 ! circle ( spectators became s contract$ z to int]rupt ! danc]s1 !n ,mad ,moll's husb& w5t to "w ) 8 broom1 & swept ! road-du/1 all r\nd ! circle1 into ! faces ( ! cr[d1 & :5 any pret5d$ affronts 7 (f]$ to 8 wife1 he pursu$ ! (f5d]s1 broom 9 h&2 if he c\ld n ov]take !m1 :e!r !y 7 males or females1 he flung 8 broom at !m4 ,^! flights & pursuits caus$ an abundance ( m]rim5t4 ,! ,may]'s ,song is a composition1 or r a m$ley ( great antiquity1 & is z foll[s3-- 8,rememb] u poor may]s all4 ,& ?us d we beg9 ,to lead our lives 9 righte\sness1 ,or else we die 9 s94 ,we h be5 rambl+ all ?is night1 ,& almo/ all ?is day1 ,& n[ return$ back aga9 ,we h br\ght y a bran* ( ,may4 ,a bran* ( ,may we h br\ght y1 ,& at y\r door x /&s1 ,x is b a spr\t1 b x's well budd$ out ,by ! "w ( our ,"l's h&s4 ,! h$ges & trees !y are s gre51 ,z gre5 z any leek1 ,our ,heav5ly ,fa!r1 he wat]$ !m ,) 8 heav5ly dew s sweet4 ,! heav5ly gates are op5 wide1 ,our pa?s are beat5 pla91 ,& if a man be n too f> gone1 ,he may return aga94 ,! life ( man is b a span1 ,x fl\ri%es l a fl[]2 ,we are "h to day1 & gone to-morr[1 ,& are dead 9 an h\r4 ,! moon %9es bright1 & ! />s give a light ,a little be=e x is day4 ,s ,god bless y all1 bo? great & small1 ,& s5d y a joyful ,may40 ,,hunt+don%ire4 ,9 ! village ( ,glatton1 ,may-day is obs]v$ by ! election ( ,que5 ( ! ,may1 & ! mak+ ( ! g>l&4 ,! g>l& is ( a pyramidal %ape1 & 9 ?is respect resembles ! old milk-maid's g>l&2 x is compos$ ( cr[n-imp]ials1 tulips1 anemones1 c[slips1 k+cups1 daffodils1 mead[-or*is1 wallfl[]s1 primroses1 lilacs1 laburnums1 & z _m roses & bright fl[]s z ! season may h produc$4 ,^!1 ) ! addition ( gre5 b\ghs1 are made into a huge pyramidal nosegay1 f ! front ( :i* a gaily-dress$ doll />es vacantly at h] admir]s4 ,?is doll is int5d$ to repres5t ,flora4 ,f ! base ( ! nosegay hang ribbons1 h&k]*iefs1 pieces ( silk1 & any o!r gay-col\r$ fabric t c be borr[$ = ! occasion4 ,! g>l& is c>ri$ by ! two maids ( hon\r to ! ,may que5 :o place _! h&s b5ea? ! nosegay1 & all[ ! gay-col\r$ /ream]s to fall t[>ds ! gr\nd4 ,! g>l& is ?us "s six feet high4 ,! foll[+ song 0 sung by 8! ,may]s0 on ,may-day1 #ahfe1 9 ! village ( ,d5ton & ,*aldecote1 :5 !y w5t r\nd ) _! 8g>l&03-- 8,"h comes u poor ,may]s all1 ,& ?us d we beg9 ,to lead our lives 9 righte\sness1 ,= fe> we %\ld die 9 s94 ,to die 9 s9 is a dreadful ?+1 ,to die 9 s9 = n\ght2 ,x w\ld h be5 bett] = u poor s\ls ,if we _h nev] be5 born4 ,good morn+1 lords & ladies1 ,x is ! fir/ ( ,may2 ,i hope y'll view ! g>l&1 ,= x looks s v gay4 ,! cuckoo s+s 9 ,april1 ,! cuckoo s+s 9 ,may1 ,! cuckoo s+s 9 ,june1 ,9 ,july %e flies away4 ,n[ take a ,bible 9 y\r h&1 ,& read a *apt] ?r\gh2 ,& :5 ! day ( judgm5t comes ,! ,"l w ?9k ( y40-- ,n4 ,q4 #crd ,s4 vol4 vii4 p4 #cgc4 ,x is ! cu/om at ,w>boys = c]ta9 ( ! poor ( ! p>i% to be all[$ to g into ,w>boys ,wood on ,may-day morn+ = ! purpose ( ga!r+ & tak+ away bundles ( /icks4 ,x may possibly be a relic ( ! old cu/om ( go+ to a wood 9 ! e>ly morn+ ( ,may-day = ! purpose ( ga!r+ ,may-dew4--,n4 ,q4 #crd ,s4 vol4 xii4 p4 #db4 ,,k5t4 ,sir ,dudley ,diggs1 by 8 w1 dat$ #afch1 left ! ye>ly sum ( #bj to be paid to two "y m5 & two maids1 :o on ,may #ai? ye>ly %\ld run a tye at ,old ,wives ,lees 9 ,*ilham & prevail2 ! money to be paid out ( ! pr(its ( ! l& ( ?is "p ( ! manor ( ,selgrave1 :i* es*eat$ to him aft] ! dea? ( ,lady ,clive4 ,^! l&s1 be+ 9 ?ree pieces1 lie 9 ! p>i%es ( ,pre/on & ,fav]%am1 & conta9 ab\t =ty acres1 all commonly call$ ! ,runn+ ,l&s4 ,two "y m5 & two "y maids run at ,old ,wives ,lees 9 ,*ilham ye>ly on ,may #a/1 & ! same numb] at ,%eldwi* ,lees on ! ,monday foll[+1 by way ( trial2 & ! two :o prevail at ea* ( ^? places run = ! #aj at ,old ,wives ,lees z above m5tion$ on ,may #ai?4--,ha/$1 ,hi/ory ( ,k5t1 vol ii4 p4 #ghg4 ,at ,sev5oaks ! *ildr5 c>ry _! ta/eful b\ghs & g>l&s f door to door4 ,! b\ghs consi/ ( a bun* ( gre5]y & wild fl[]s ti$ at ! end ( a /ick1 :i* is c>ri$ p]p5dicul>ly4 ,! g>l&s are =m$ ( two hoops int]lac$ cross-wise1 & cov]$ ) blue & yell[ fl[]s f ! woods & h$ges4 ,sometimes ! g>l&s are fa/5$ at ! end ( a /ick c>ri$ p]p5dicul>ly1 & sometimes hang+ f ! c5tre ( a /ick borne horizontally by two *ildr54 ,ei!r way ! effect is pleas+1 & fully wor? ! few p5ce :i* ! appeal ( 8,may-day1 g>l&-day6 please to rememb] ! ,may-b\gh60 makes "o contribute4--,n4 ,q4 #d? ,s4 vol4 iii4 p4 #dbd4 ,,lanca%ire4 ,9 mo/ places x is cu/om>y = ea* driv] ( a team to decorate 8 horses ) gaudy ribbons on ,may-day4 ,9 ,liv]pool & ,birk5head1 h[ev]1 :]e "s ?\s&s ( m5 are employ$ z c>t]s1 ?is ,may-day dress+ has gr[n into a mo/ impos+ in/itution4 ,e driv] ( a team 9 & ar\nd ! docks appe>s to ent] into rivalry ) 8 neighb\rs1 & ! consequ5ce is t mo/ ( ! horses are gaily dress$ & exp5sively decorat$4 ,! driv]s put on _! new suits1 cov]$ ) :ite l95 slops1 & sport new :ips 9 hon\r ( ! occasion4 ,"s ( ! embelli%m5ts = ! horses are ( a mo/ co/ly "*2 n a few are dispos$ 9 mo/ admirable ta/e2 & 9 sev]al in/ances !y am\nt to actual art-exhibitions1 s9ce ! c>ts are fill$ ) ! articles 9 :i* _! own]s deal4 ,real & artificial fl[]s are dispos$ 9 wrea?s & o!r =ms ^u diff]5t p>ts ( ! h>ness1 & brilliant velvet clo?s1 work$ 9 silv] & gold1 are ?r[n ov] ! lo9s ( ! horses2 & if _! own]s are ( suffici5t /&+ to be> coats-(-arms1 ^! are emblazon$ ^u ! clo?s1 surr\nd$ ) _m curi\s & arti/ic devices4 ,n only are ! m5 int]e/$ 9 ^! displays1 b wives & daught]s1 mi/resses & s]vants1 vie ) ea* o!r z to :o %all produce ! mo/ gorge\s exhibition4 ,a few ye>s ago ! ,corporation ( ,liv]pool exhibit$ no few] ?an "o hundr$ & sixty-six horses 9 ! procession1 ! fir/ c>t conta9+ all ! implem5ts us$ by ! scav5g+ dep>tm5t1 mo/ arti/ically arrang$4 ,! railway companies1 ! brew]s1 ! _s-m]*ants1 & all ! pr9cipal dock-c>ri]s1 c41 s5d _! teams ) samples ( produce to swell ! procession4 ,aft] p>ad+ ! pr9cipal /reets1 head$ by b&s ( music & bann]s1 ! horses are tak5 home to _! respective /ables1 & public dr9ks are giv5 to ! c>t]s by ! ,corporation1 ! railway companies1 & o!r ext5sive firms4 ,! ,mayor & o!r memb]s ( ! ,corporation att5d ^! annual fea/s1 & aft] ! repa/s are end$ ! c>t]s are usually address$ by "s popul> speak]1 & mu* good advice is frequ5tly giv5 !m4--,h>l& & ,wilk9son1 ,leg5ds & ,traditions ( ,lanca%ire1 #ahgc1 p4 #if4 ,9 ! ,life ( ,mrs4 ,pilk+ton 7,g5t4 ,mag4 #aged1 vol4 xxiv4 p4 #ced7 allusion seems made to ?is cu/om4 ,! writ] says1 ,!y took places 9 ! waggon1 & quitt$ ,london e>ly on ,may-morn+2 & x be+ ! cu/om 9 ?is mon? = ! pass5g]s to give ! waggon] at e inn a ribbon to adorn 8 team1 %e soon discov]$ ! orig9 ( ! prov]b1 8z f9e z a horse20 = be=e !y got to ! end ( _! j\rney ! poor bea/s 7 almo/ bl9d$ by ! tawdry p>ty-col\r$ fl[+ hon\rs ( _! heads4 ,9 connection ) ?is cu/om may be m5tion$ "o practis$ at ,gilm]ton1 9 ! p>i% ( ,lib]ton1 c\nty ( ,ed9burgh4 ,! c>t]s h fri5dly societies = ! purpose ( support+ ea* o!r 9 old age or dur+ ill-heal?1 & ) ! view p>tly ( secur+ a day's recreation1 & p>tly ( recruit+ _! numb]s & funds1 !y h an annual procession4 ,e man decorates 8 c>t1 horse1 & ribbons1 & a regul> procession is made1 accompani$ by a b& ( music4 ,to cr[n all !re is an unc\? upro>i\s race ) c>t-horses on ! public road1 :i* draws =? a cr[d ( ,ed9burgh idl]s1 & all ends 9 a d9n]1 = :i* a fix$ sum is paid4--,/at4 ,acc4 ( ,scotl&1 #ahde1 vol4 i4 p4 #ab4 ,! maypole ( ,lo/ock1 a village ne> ,bolton1 9 ,lanca%ire1 is probably ! mo/ anci5t on record4 ,x is m5tion$ 9 a *>t] by :i* ! t[n ( ,we/ ,halton 0 grant$ to ! ,abbey ( ,cock]s&1 ab\t ! reign ( ,k+ ,john4 ,! pole1 x appe>s1 sup]s$$ a cross1 & =m$ "o ( ! l&m>ks :i* def9$ ! b\nd>ies1 & mu/ !re=e h be5 a p]man5t & n an annual erection4 ,! words ( ! *>t] are1 8,de ,lo/ockmepull1 ubi crux sita fuit recta l9ea 9 au/ro1 usque ad crucem-sup]-le-,tunge40--,dugd41 ,mona/4 ,anglic4 #ahcj1 vol4 vi4 p4 ii4 n4 ii4 p4 #ijf2 ,m$4 vi ,kal5d4 vol4 i4 p4 #bch4 ,,l9coln%ire4 ,=m]ly x 0 cu/om>y 9 "s p>ts ( ?is c\nty to *ange s]vants on ,may-day4--,"t's ,telescope1 #ahbc1 p4 #aah4 ,a peculi> ru/ic c]emony us$ annually to be obs]v$ at ,hornca/le t[>ds ! close ( ! la/ c5tury4 ,on ! morn+ ( ,may-day1 :5 ! "y p ( ! neighb\rhood assembl$ to p>take 9 ! amusem5ts :i* u%]$ 9 ! fe/ival ( ! mon?1 a tra9 ( y\?s collect$ !mselves at a place call$ ! ,may-bank4 ,f !nce ) w&s enwrea!d ) c[slips1 !y walk$ 9 procession to ! maypole1 situat$ to ! we/ end ( ! t[n1 & adorn$ on t morn+ ) e v>iety 9 ! gifts ( ,flora4 ,"h1 unit+ 9 ! wild joy ( "y en?usiasm1 !y /ruck toge!r _! w&s1 &1 scatt]+ ar\nd ! c[slips1 te/ifi$ _! ?ankfulness = t b\nty :i*1 widely diffus+ its ri*es1 enabl$ !m to return home rejoic+ at ! promises ( ! op5+ ye>4--,weir1 ,sket*es ( ,hornca/le4 ,dr4 ,/ukeley1 9 8 ,it9]>ium ,curiosum 7#agbd1 p4 #bi71 allud+ to ?is cu/om1 says !re is a maypole hill ne> ,hornca/le1 :]e probably /ood an ,h]mes 9 ,roman times4 ,! boys annually keep up ! fe/ival ( ! ,floralia on ,may-day1 mak+ a procession to ?is hill ) ,may-gads 7z !y call !m7 9 _! h&s4 ,?is is a :ite will[ w&1 ! b>k peel$ (f1 ti$ r\nd ) c[slips4 ,at night !y h a bonfire1 & o!r m]rim5t1 :i* is really a sacrifice or religi\s fe/ival4 ,,isle ,,( ,,man4 ,may ,day is u%]$ 9 ) bl[+ ( horns on ! m\nta9s1 & ) a c]emony :i*1 says ,waldron1 has some?+ 9 ! design ( x pretty en\gh4 ,9 almo/ all ! great p>i%es !y *oose f among ! daught]s ( ! mo/ weal?y f>m]s a "y maid = ! ,que5 ( ,may4 ,%e is dress$ 9 ! gaye/ & be/ mann] !y c1 & is att5d$ by ab\t tw5ty o!rs1 :o are call$ maids ( hon\r4 ,%e has also a "y man1 :o is h] capta91 & has "u 8 comm& a good numb] ( inf]ior (fic]s4 ,9 opposition to h] is ! ,que5 ( ,w9t]1 :o is a man dress$ 9 woman's clo!s1 ) wooll5 hood1 fur-tippets1 & load$ ) ! w>me/ & heavie/ habits "o ^u ano!r4 ,9 ! same mann] are ^?1 :o repres5t h] att5dants1 dre/2 nor is %e )\t a capta9 & troop = h] def5ce4 ,bo? be+ equipt z prop] emblems ( ! ,beauty ( ! ,spr+ & ! ,de=mity ( ! ,w9t]1 !y set =? f _! respective qu>t]s1 ! "o prec$$ by viol9s & flutes1 ! o!r ) ! r\gh music ( ! tongs & ! cleav]s4 ,bo? p>ties m>* till !y meet on a common1 & !n _! tra9s engage 9 a mock battle4 ,if ! ,que5 ( ! ,w9t]'s =ces get ! bett]1 s z to take ! ,que5 ( ,may prison]1 %e is ransom$ = z mu* z pays ! exp5ses ( ! day4 ,aft] ?is c]emony ,w9t] & h] company retire1 & div]t !mselves 9 a b>n1 & ! o!rs rema9 on ! gre51 :]e1 hav+ danc$ a consid]able "t1 !y conclude ! ev5+ ) a fea/1 ! que5 at "o table ) h] maids1 ! capta9 ) 8 troop at ano!r4 ,!re are seldom less ?an fifty or sixty at ea* bo>d4 ,= ! seizure ( h] ,maje/y's p]son t ( "o ( h] slipp]s 0 sub/itut$ m rec5tly1 :i* 0 9 l mann] ransom$ to defray ! exp5ses ( ! pageant4 ,! procession ( ! ,summ]--:i* 0 subsequ5tly compos$ ( little girls1 & call$ ! ,macebo>d#dg--outliv$ t ( its rival1 ! ,w9t]1 "s ye>s1 & n[1 l _m o!r remnants ( antiquity1 has fall5 into disuse4--,tra91 ,hi/ory ( ! ,isle ( ,man1 #ahde1 vol4 ii4 p4 #aah2 ,waldron1 ,description ( ! ,isle ( ,man1 p4 #aed4 #dg ,! macebo>d 7probably a corruption ( ,may sports7 w5t f door to door inquir+ if ! inmates w\ld buy ! que5's fav\r1 :i* 0 compos$ ( a small piece ( ribbon4 ,,middlesex4 ,london boa/$ sev]al maypoles be=e ! days ( ,puritanism4 ,_m p>i%es vi$ ) ea* o!r 9 ! height & adornm5t ( _! own4 ,"o fam$ pole /ood 9 ,bas+ ,lane1 ne> ,/4 ,paul's ,ca!dral1 & 0 9 ! "t ( ,/[ kept 9 ! ho/elry call$ ,g]>d's ,hall4 8,9 ! high-ro($ hall ( ?is h\se10 says he1 8sometime /ood a l>ge fir pole1 :i* rea*$ to ! ro( !re(--a pole ( =ty feet long & fifte5 in*es ab\t1 fabl$ to be ! ju/+ /aff ( ,g]>d ! ,giant40 ,a c>v$ wood5 figure ( ?is giant1 pole 9 h&1 /ood ov] ! gate ( ?is old inn until ,m>* #aheb1 :5 ! :ole build+ 0 demoli%$ = city improvem5ts4--,book ( ,days1 vol4 i4 p4 #egf4 ,see ,e ,day ,book1 vol4 ii4 p4 #fab4 ,a maypole 0 annually erect$ on ,may-day morn+ 9 ,lead5hall ,/reet1 !n call$ ,cornhill1 be=e ! s\? door ( ! *ur* kn[n z t ( ,/4 ,&rew ! ,apo/le2 &1 9 ord] to di/+ui% ?is *ur* f o!rs d$icat$ to ! same sa9t1 x 0 t]m$ 9 consequ5ce ,/4 ,&rew's-,"u-,%aft4#dh ,on ! #a/ ,may1 #aeag 7#i? ( ,h5ry ,,viii471 a viol5t tumult occurr$ 9 ! city1 & ?is pole 0 n rais$ aft]w>ds4#di ,! inhabitants _h long reg>d$ ) mu* jeal\sy ! num]\s =eign]s :o ab\t t "t took up _! abode 9 ,london#ej & practis$ v>i\s trades1 to ! great injury1 z 0 !n ?\ght1 ( ! citiz5s1 & on ! #bh? ( ,april a qu>rel took place betwe5 "s ( ! ,london appr5tices--at t "t a p[]ful body--& two or ?ree =eign]s :om !y met 9 ! /reet1 :5 bl[s 7 ex*ang$4 ,?is di/urbance1 h[ev]1 0 quickly quell$1 b a rum\r sudd5ly became g5]al1 al?\gh none knew on :at gr\nds1 t on ! ensu+ ,may-day1 tak+ advantage ( ! sports & pa/imes :i* 7 expect$1 all =eign]s !n 9 ! city w\ld be sla94 ,9 consequ5ce ( ?is v>i\s precautions 7 adopt$ by ! au?orities ) a view to prev5t if possible any contemplat$ outrage1 & all m5 7 comm&$ to /ay 9 _! h\ses4 ,not)/&+ ?is injunction1 on ! ev5+ be=e ,may-day two /ripl+s 7 f\nd 9 ,*eapside 8play+ at ! buckl]s10 & hav+ be5 comm&$ to desi/1 ! cry ( 8',pr5tices1 'pr5tices1 bats & clubs60 ! usual ga!r+ words at t p]iod1 0 he>d ?r\gh ! /reets1 & _m hundr$s ( p]sons1 arm$ ) clubs & o!r weapons1 assembl$ f all qu>t]s1 broke op5 ! prisons1 de/roy$ _m h\ses occupi$ by =eign]s1 & committ$ o!r excesses4 ,aft] "s ex]tions on ! "p ( ! city au?orities1#ea ne>ly ?ree hundr$ ( ! riot]s 7 captur$4 ,a commission 0 appo9t$ to inquire into ! insurrection1 & a great numb] ( ! prison]s 7 condemn$ to die1 b ) ! exception ( "o ,john ,l9colne1 :o 0 hung1 !y 7 all ultimately p>don$4 ,aft] ?is circum/ance1 :i* acquir$ = ! day on :i* x happ5$ ! title ( 8,evil ,may-day10 & induc$ ^? 9 p[] to disc\nt5ance sports :i* l$ to l>ge congregations1 ! ,cornhill %aft 0 hung on a range ( hooks "u ! 8p5tises#eb0 ( a neighb\r+ r[ ( h\ses1 :]e x rema9$ till #aedi4 ,9 t ye>1 "o ,sir ,/eph51 curate ( ,/4 ,ca!r9e ,cree1 9 a s]mon :i* he prea*$ at ,paul's ,cross1 p]suad$ ! p t ?is pole _h be5 made into an idol by nam+ ! *ur* ( ,/4 ,&rew ) ! addition ( ,"u t ,%aft2 & s work$ ^u !m1 t 9 ! aft]noon ( ! same day1 8aft] !y _h d9$10 ! inhabitants ) great lab\r rais$ ! pole (f ! hooks on :i* x _h re/$ ?irty-two ye>s1 & ea* man saw+ (f = himself a piece equal to ! l5g? ( 8 h\se1 x 0 quickly demoli%$ & burn$4--,godw9 & ,britton1 ,*ur*es ( ,london1 #ahci2 ,brayley1 ,lond9iana1 #ahbi1 vol4 iii4 p4 #bbc2 ,hall's ,*ronicle1 #aeag4 #dh ,?is pole1 :5 x 0 fix$ 9 ! gr\nd1 0 high] ?an ! *ur* /eeple2 & x is to ?is t ,*auc] ! poet ref]s :5 he says1 speak+ ( a va9 boa/]1 t he be>s 8 head 8z he w\ld be> ! great %aft ( ,cornhill40--,/['s ,survey1 ,b4 ii4 p4 #fe2 ,godw9 & ,britton1 ,*ur*es ( ,london1 #ahci4 #di ,p5nant1 ,london 7#e? edition1 p4 #ehg71 says ?is %aft gave rise to ! insurrection4 ,godw9 & ,britton d5y ?is 0 ! case4 #ej ,hall1 9 8 ,*ronicle1 says ^! =eign]s 8compass$ ! citie r\nde ab\te1 9 ,s\?w>ke1 9 ,we/m9/]1 ,temple ,b>re1 ,holborne1 ,sayncte ,m>tynes1 ,sayncte ,john's ,/rete1 ,algate1 ,t\re ,hyll1 & ,sa9ct ,ka!r9es40 #ea ,*olmondeley1 con/able ( ! ,t[]1 dis*>g$ "s guns into ! /reets1 :ile ! ,e>ls ( ,%rewsbury & ,surrey1 collect+ ! g5tlem5 ( ! ,inns ( ,c\rt1 re/ra9$ ! viol5ce ( ! populace4--,lyttleton1 ,hi/ory ( ,engl&1 vol4 ii4 p4 #afg4 #eb ,( ! p5t-h\se1 or %elv+ ro( project+ f ! ma9 wall1 by :i* ! %ops at t p]iod 7 ord9>ily protect$1 _m examples1 ,godw9 & ,britton say1 exi/$ 9 _! "t4 ,brayley 9 8 ,lond9iana 7vol4 iv4 p4 #cah7 says1 ne>ly opposite to ,crav5 ,build+s is a l[ public-h\se1 be>+ ! sign ( ! ,cock & ,pye 7a contraction = ! ,cock & ,magpye71 :i* two c5turies ago 0 almo/ ! only dwell+ 9 ! ea/]n "p ( ,drury ,lane1 except ! mansion ( ! ,drewries4 ,hi!r ! y\?s & maid5s ( ! metropolis1 :o1 9 social revelry on ,may-day ?read$ ! jocund dance ar\nd ! maypole 9 ! ,/r&1 7 accu/om$ to resort = cakes & ale & o!r refre%m5ts4 ,may ,fair4--,?is saturnalia 0 held by a grant ( ! ,abbot ( ,we/m9/]1 8) revelry = f\rte5 days40 ,x took place annually1 comm5c+ on ! fir/ ( ,may4 ,! locality 0 anci5tly call$ ,brook ,field1 ! site ( :i* is n[ cov]$ ) ,curzon ,/reet1 ,h]t=d ,/reet1 & ,*e/]field ,h\se4 ,frequ5t allusions to ! fair are f\nd 9 plays & pamphlets ( ,*>les ,,ii4's "t1 & h&-bills & adv]tisem5ts ( ! reign ( ,james ,,ii4 & 8 successors are 9 exi/5ce4 ,may ,fair 0 grant$ by ,james ,,ii41 9 ! f\r? ye> ( 8 reign1 to ,sir ,john ,coell & 8 heirs = ev]1 9 tru/ = ,h5ry ,"l ,dov]1 & 8 heirs = ev]4 ,be=e #agjd ! gr\nd became mu* built ^u1 z we le>n f ! old rate-books1 & 9 ,novemb] #agjh ! g5tlem5 ( ! gr& jury = ! c\nty ( ,middlesex & ! city ( ,we/m9/] made pres5tm5t ( ! fair1 9 t]ms ( abhorr5ce1 z a 8vile & riot\s assembly40 ,! ,que5 li/5$ to a petition f ! b5* ( ju/ices = ,middlesex1 & a royal proclamation1 dat$ ,april #bh?1 #agji1 prohibit+ ! fair 7at lea/ z f> z ! amusem5ts 7 conc]n$71 0 ! result4 ,x 01 h[ev]1 soon reviv$ 8z ( old10 &1 we are told1 0 mu* patronis$ 8by ! nobility & g5try40 ,x _h also its attractions = ! rud] class ( holiday-mak]s1 z we le>n f ! foll[+ copy ( a h&-bill =m]ly 9 ! ,upcott ,collection1 dat$ #agdh3 8,may ,fair4--,at ! ,duck+ ,pond on ,monday next1 ! #bg? in/41 ,mr4 ,hooton's dog ,n]o 7t5 ye>s old1 ) h>dly a too? 9 8 head to hold a duck1 b well kn[n = 8 goodness to all t h se5 him hunt71 hunts six ducks = a gu9ea aga9/ ! bit* call$ ! ,fly+ ,spaniel1 f ! ,duck+ ,pond on ! o!r side ( ! wat]1 :i* has beat all %e has hunt$ aga9/1 except+ ,mr4 ,hooton's ,good ,blood4 ,to beg9 at two o'clock4 8,mr4 ,hooton begs 8 cu/om]s won't take x amiss to pay twop5ce admittance at ! gate1 & take a ticket1 :i* w be all[$ z ca% 9 _! reckon+2 no p]son admitt$ )\t a ticket1 t su* z are n lik$ may be kept out4 8,note--,"r ,l9coln ale40 ,mr4 ,morley1 9 8 ,hi/ory ( ,b>?olomew ,fair 7#ahei1 p4 #ajc71 aft] notic+ ! pres5tm5t ( ! gr& jury 9 #agjh & ! prohibition ( ,may ,fair1 tells u t ! fair 0 reviv$1 & 8f9ally aboli%$ 9 ! reign ( ,george ,,ii4 aft] a peace-(fic] _h be5 kill$ 9 ! attempt to quell a riot40 ,! /atem5t1 h[ev]1 ( ! fair hav+ be5 f9ally aboli%$ 9 ! reign ( ,george ,,ii4 is p]fectly gratuit\s on ! "p ( ! hi/orian ( 8,b>tlemy10 z x exi/$ until ne> ! end ( ano!r reign4 ,c>t] ! antiqu>y wrote an acc\nt ( x 9 #ahaf1 & he says t a few ye>s previ\sly x 0 mu* 9 ! same /ate z x _h be5 = fifty ye>s4 ,?is description1 full ( curi\s int]e/1 0 communicat$ to ! ,g5tleman's ,magaz9e = ,m>* #ahaf 7vol4 lxxxvi4 p4 #bbh74 ,x has be5 repr9t$ 9 ,hone's ,e ,day ,book1 #ahbf1 vol4 i4 p4 #egb2 ,see ,soane's ,new ,curiosities ( ,lit]ature1 #ahfg1 vol i4 p4 #bej1 c42 ,n4 ,q4 #crd ,s4 vol4 x4 p4 #ceh4 ,,nor?ampton%ire4 ,on ! morn+ ( ,may-day ! girls f ! neighb\r+ villages ( ,k+/horpe1 c41 br+ into ,nor?ampton _! g>l&s1 :i* !y exhibit f h\se to h\se 7to %[1 z ! inhabitants say1 :at fl[]s are 9 season71 & usually receive a trifle f ea* h\se4 ,! skeleton ( ! g>l& is =m$ ( two hoops ( osi] or hazel cross+ ea* o!r at "r angles1 affix$ to a /aff ab\t five feet long1 by :i* x is c>ri$2 ! hoops are tw9$ ) fl[]s & ribbons s t no "p ( !m is visible4 ,9 ! c5tre is plac$ "o1 two1 or ?ree dolls1 accord+ to ! size ( ! g>l& & ! means ( ! y\?ful exhibitors4 ,great emulation is excit$ among/ !m1 & !y vie ) ea* o!r 9 collect+ ! *oice/ fl[]s1 & adorn+ ! dolls 9 ! gaye/ attire2 ribbon /ream]s ( ! v>i$ col\rs ( ! ra9b[1 ! lacemak]s add+ _! spangl$ bobb9s1 decorate ! :ole4 ,! g>l&s are c>ri$ f h\se to h\se conceal$ f view by a l>ge pocket-h&k]*ief1 & 9 "s villages x is cu/om>y to inquire if ! inmates w\ld l to see ! ,que5 ( ! ,may4 ,:]ev] ! "y p receive a satisfactory contribution !y *ant _! simple ditties1 :i* conclude ) wi%+ ! inhabitants ( ! h\se 8a joyful ,may10 or 8a m]ry mon? ( ,may40 ,! v]ses sung by ! ,dall+ton *ildr5 are entirely diff]5t f ^? ( any o!r village1 & are "h subjo9$3-- 8,! fl[]s are bloom+ ev]y:]e1 ,o'er e hill & dale2 ,& oh6 h[ beautiful !y are1 ,h[ sweetly d !y smell6 ,g =?1 my *ild1 & laugh & play1 ,& let y\r *e]ful voice1 ,) birds1 & brooks1 & m]ry ,may1 ,cry out1 ,rejoice6 rejoice60 ,:5 ! ,may]s h collect$ all ! money !y c obta91 !y return to _! homes1 & regale !mselves1 conclud+ ! day ) a m]ry dance r\nd ! g>l&4--,e ,day ,book1 #ahbf1 vol4 ii4 p4 #fae2 ,gloss>y ( ,nor?ampton%ire ,words & ,phrases1 #ahed1 vol4 ii4 p4 #dba4 ,cl>e1 8! ,peasant ,poet0 ( ,nor?ampton1 9 "o ( 8 ,,ms4 ballads1 describes ! mann] 9 :i* ,may-day is obs]v$ 9 8 native village1 ,help/one1 ne> ,pet]bor\gh1 & ! neighb\rhood4 ,8 delightful ballad is pr9t$ by ,miss ,bak] 9 h] "w already quot$ 7vol4 ii4 p4 #dbc74 8,h[ beautiful ,may & its morn+ comes 96 ,! songs ( ! maid5s1 y he> !m beg9 ,to s+ ! old ballads :ile c[slips !y pull1 ,:ile ! dew ( ! morn+ fills _m pipes full4 ,! closes are spangl$ ) c[slips l gold1 ,girls cram 9 _! aprons :at baskets c't hold2 ,& /ill ga!r on to ! heat ( ! day1 ,till =ce (t5 ?r[s ! la/ h&ful away4 ,!n b5ea? an old haw?orn !y sit1 "o & all1 ,& make ! ,may-g>l&s1 & r\nd cuck a ball ,( c[slips & blossoms s %[y & sweet1 ,& laugh :5 !y ?9k ( ! swa9s !y %all meet4 ,!n to f9i% ! g>l& !y trudge away home1 ,& beg f ea* g>d5 ! fl[]s !n 9 bloom2 ,!n b5ea? ! old eld]n1 beside ! old wall1 ,!y set out to make x1 maid1 misses & all4 ,! ribbons ! pl\ghm5 b\ght maids at ! fair ,are sure to be se5 9 a g>l& s fair2 ,& dolls f ! *ildr5 !y dress up & take1 ,:ile *ildr5 laugh l\d at ! %[ !y w make4 ,!n !y take r\nd ! g>l& to %[ at ea* door1 ,) k]*ief to hide ! f9e fl[]s cov]'d o'er2 ,at cottages also1 :5 will+ to pay1 ,! maid5s _! mu*-admir$ g>l& display4 ,!n at duck-"u-wat]#ec ad[n ! long road ,!y run ) _! dresses all fly+ abroad2 ,& ribbons all col\rs1 h[ sweet !y appe>6 ,may seems to beg9 ! life ( ! ye>4 ,!n ! g>l& on ropes is hung high ov] all1 ,"o end to a tree1 & "o hook$ to a wall2 ,:5 !y cuck ! ball ov] till day is nigh gone1 ,& !n tea & cakes & ! danc+ comes on4 ,& !n1 lawk6 :at laugh+ & danc+ is !re1 ,:ile ! fiddl] makes faces )9 ! arm-*air2 ,& !n comes ! cu%ion1#ed ! girls !y all %riek1 ,& fly to ! door f ! old fiddl]'s squeak4 ,b ! doors !y are fa/5$1 s all mu/ kneel d[n1 ,& take ! rude kiss f ! unmann]ly cl[n4 ,?us ! ,may games are end$1 to _! h\ses !y roam1 ,) ! swee!>t %e *ooses ea* maid5 goes home40 #ec ,duck-"u-!-wat]4 ,a game 9 :i* ! play]s run1 two & two1 9 rapid succession1 "u a h&k]*ief held up al(t by two p]sons /&+ ap>t ) ext5d$ arms4 ,=m]ly 9 ?is nor!rn "p ( ,nor?ampton%ire ev5 m>ri$ wom5 on ,may-day play$ at ?is game "u ! g>l&1 :i* 0 ext5d$ f *imney to *imney across ! village /reet4--,gloss>y ( ,nor?ampton%ire ,words & ,phrases1 #ahed1 vol4 i4 p4 #bjd4 #ed ,! cu%ion dance appe>s to be ( "s antiquity3 x is ?us m5tion$ by ,seld5 9 8 ,table ,talk1 "u 8,k+ ( ,engl&03--8,! c\rt ( ,engl& is mu* alt]$4 ,at a solemn danc+1 fir/ y h ! great measures1 !n ! ,corrantoes & ! ,galli>ds1 & ?is is kept up ) c]emony2 at l5g? to ,fr5*-m ,fr5*more & ! cu%ion dance1 & !n all ! company dance--"l & groom1 lady & kit*5 maid1 no di/9ction4 ,s 9 our c\rt 9 ,que5 ,elizabe?'s "t gravity & /ate 7 kept up4 ,9 ,k+ ,james' "t ?+s 7 v pretty well4 ,b 9 ,k+ ,*>les' "t !re 0 no?+ b ,fr5*more & ! cu%ion-dance1 omnium ga!rum1 tolly polly1 hoite come toite40 ,9 ,play=d's ,danc+ ,ma/] 7#afih1 p4 #g7 x is describ$ z foll[s3--8,?is dance is begun by a s+le p]son 7ei!r man or woman71 :o1 tak+ a cu%ion 9 h&1 dances ab\t ! room1 & at ! end ( ! tune /ops & s+s1 #8,?is dance x w no fur!r g2' ! musician answ]s1 #8,i pray y1 good sir1 :y say y s8' ,man4 #8,because ,jean ,s&]son w n come to4' ,musician4 #8,%e mu/ come to1 & %e %all come to1 & %e mu/ :e!r %e w or no4' ,!n he lays d[n ! cu%ion be=e a woman1 on :i* %e kneels1 & he kisses h]1 s++1 #8,welcome1 ,joan ,s&]son1 welcome1 welcome4' ,!n %e rises1 takes up ! cu%ion1 & bo? dance1 s++1 #8,pr9kum prankum is a f9e dance1 & %all we g dance x once aga98' ,!n mak+ a /op1 ! woman s+s z be=e1 #8,?is dance x w no fur!r g4' ,musician4 #8,i pray y1 madam1 :y say y s8' ,woman4 #8,because ,john ,s&]son w n come to4' ,musician4 #8,he mu/ come to1' c4 7z be=e74 ,& s %e lays d[n ! cu%ion be=e a man1 :o1 kneel+ ^u x1 salutes h]1 %e s++ #8,welcome1 ,john ,s&]son1' c4 ,!n he tak+ up ! cu%ion1 !y dance r\nd1 s++ z be=e1 & ?us !y d till ! :ole company are tak5 into ! r+4 ,!n ! cu%ion is laid be=e ! fir/ man1 ! woman s++ #8,?is dance1' c4 7z be=e71 only in/ead ( #8n come to1' !y s+1 #8g fro2' & in/ead ( #8,welcome1 ,john ,s&]son1' #8,f>ewell1 f>ewell2' & s !y g out "o by "o z !y came 940 ,?is dance 0 well kn[n 9 ,holl& 9 ! e>ly "p ( ! sev5te5? c5tury1 & an int]e/+ engrav+ ( x may be se5 9 ! #8,emblems ( ,john de ,brunnes1' ,am/4 #afbd4--,n>es' ,gloss>y 7,halliwell & ,wright71 #ahei1 vol4 i4 p4 #bai4 ,a native ( ,fo!r+hay1 ,mr4 ,w4 ,c4 ,pea*1 relates t he 0 =m]ly accu/om$ to g into ! fields ov]-night & v e>ly on ,may-day to ga!r c[slips1 primroses1 wood-anemones1 blue bells1 c41 to make ! g>l&s4 ,! g>l&1 if possible1 0 hung 9 ! c5tre ( ! /reet on a rope /ret*$ f h\se to h\se4 ,!n 0 made ! trial ( skill 9 toss+ balls 7small :ite lea!r ones7 ?r\gh ! framework ( ! g>l&1 to effect :i* 0 a triumph4 ,speak+ ( ! ,may-bu% 7a l>ge tree select$ = be+ tall1 /raight1 full ( bran*es1 & if possible fl[]s71 ,mr4 ,w4 ,c4 ,pea* says1 8,i h be5 look+ out = a pretty bu% days be=e ! "t1 & if haw?orn & 9 blossom1 !n x 0 glori\s4 ,i h se5 !m t5 or twelve feet high1 & _m 9 circumf]5ce1 & !y requir$ a /alw>t arm to c>ry & put !m into a hole 9 ! gr\nd be=e ! front door1 :]e !y 7 w$g$ on ea* side s z to appe> gr[+4 ,fl[]s 7 !n ?r[n ov] ! bu% & ar\nd x1 & /rewn z well be=e ! door4 ,pretty little bran*es ( :ite?orn1 adorn$ ) ! be/ fl[]s procurable1 7 occasionally put up1 unp]ceiv$ by o!rs if possible1 aga9/ ! b$-room ( ! fav\rite lass1 to %[ ! e/eem 9 :i* %e 0 held1 & ! girls accord+ly 7 e>ly on ! al]t to witness ! respective fav\rs allott$ !m4 ,eld]1 crab-tree1 nettles1 ?i/les1 sloes1 c41 m>k$ ! diff]5t degrees ( respect 9 :i* "s ( !m 7 held40--,gloss>y ( ,nor?ampton%ire ,words & ,phrases1 vol4 ii4 p4 #dbg4 ,at ,nass+ton !y c>ry g>l&s ab\t1 & beg = money2 9 ! ev5+ !y tie !m across ! /reet f *imney to *imney1 & dance "u !m4 ,=m]ly m>ri$ wom5 us$ to amuse !mselves by play+ "u !m at ! game ( ,duck-"u-!-wat]4#ee--;,ibid4 p4 #dbh4 #ee ,see note on page #beb4 ,at ,nass+ton a curi\s pa/ure cu/om also takes place on ,may-day4 ,!re is a l>ge tract ( mead[-l& ly+ on ! side ( ! riv] ,n51 :i* ! inhabitants ( ! village h ! "r ( pa/ur+ c[s ^u4#ef ,! pa/ure season comm5ces on ,may-day1 & on ! ev5+ prec$+ a rail is put across ! entrance to ! pa/ure1 :i* ! c[s mu/ leap to get into4 ,mu* rivalry takes place on ?is occasion4 ,! lads wat* ?r\gh ! night & ! dawn+ ( ,may-day1 ! lasses ) _! c[s be+ ready at ! prop] mom5t to see :i* c[ %all leap ! rail fir/ into ! mead[1 & ! c[ :i* does ?is is l$ r\nd ! village 9 ! aft]noon1 h] horns decorat$ ) ribbons1 c4 ,degradation only awaits ! h9dmo/ c[1 %e has to c>ry eld]1 nettles1 & ?i/les z h] badge1 & ! lass :o milks h] has to be> ! gibes & je]s ( ! villag]s4--,gloss>y1 c41 p4 #dbh4 #ef ,vide ,bridge's ,hi/4 ( ,co4 ( ,nor?ampton1 #agia1 vol4 ii4 p4 #dfh4 ,at ,morton-,p9k5ey ! foll[+ song is sung by ! *ildr5 on ,may-morn+3-- 8,i h a little purse 9 my pocket1 ,all fix$ ) a silv] p92 ,& all t x wants is a m little silv] ,to l9e x well )94 ,! clock /rikes "o1 ,i mu/ be gone1 ,or else x w be day2 ,good morn+ to y1 my pretty fair maid1 ,i wi% y ! m]rim5t ( ,may40-- ,ibid4 p4 #dbf4 ,at ,polebrook1 on ! la/ few days ( ,april1 ! ,que5 ( ,may & h] att5dants ga!r :at fl[]s !y c f ! surr\nd+ mead[s1 & call at ! h\ses ( ! pr9cipal inhabitants to beg fl[]s1 ! gift or ! loan ( ribbons1 h&k]*iefs1 dolls1 c41 ) :i* to =m _! g>l&4 ,?is be+ arrang$ on hoops1 ! "y maid5s assemble on ,may-morn+1 & c>ry x r\nd ! village1 prec$$ by a fiddl]2 & ! foll[+ qua9t song--v simil> to ! "o us$ at ,hit*91 & ?\ght f its phraseology to h be5 writt5 9 ! "t ( ! ,puritans--is sung by ! ,que5 & h] company at ! diff]5t h\ses1 & a gratuity is solicit$4 8,rememb] u poor may]s all1 ,= n[ we d beg9 ,to lead our lives 9 righte\sness1 ,= fe> we die 9 s94 ,to die 9 s9 is a s]i\s ?+1 ,to g :]e s9n]s m\rn2 ',tw\ld h be5 bett] = our poor s\ls ,if we _h ne'er be5 born4 ,n[ we've be5 travell+ all ! night1 ,& be/ "p ( ?is day2 ,& n[ we're return+ back aga91 ,& h br\ght y a bran* ( ,may4 ,a bran* ( ,may1 :i* looks s gay1 ,be=e y\r door to /&2 ',tis b a spr\t1 b 'tis well spread out1 ,! "w ( our ,"l's h&4 ,arise1 arise1 y pretty fair maid1 ,out ( y\r dr[sy dream1 ,& /ep into y\r dairy-h\se ,= a sup ( y\r sweet cream4 ,o1 = a sup ( y\r sweet cream1 ,or a jug ( y\r own be]2 ,& if we t>ry 9 ! t[n1 ,we'll call ano!r ye>4 ,n[ take ! ,bible 9 y\r h&1 ,& read a *apt] ?r\gh1 ,& :5 ! day ( judgm5t comes1 ,! ,"l w ?9k ( y4 ,rep5t1 rep5t1 ye wick$ m51 ,rep5t be=e y die2 ,!re's no rep5tance 9 ! grave1 ,:5 9 ! gr\nd y lie4 ,b n[ my song is almo/ done1 ,i've got no m to say2 ,god bless y all1 bo? great & small1 ,i wi% y a joyful ,may40 ,! g>l& is aft]w>ds susp5d$ by ropes f ! s*ool-h\se to an opposite tree1 & ! may]s & o!r *ildr5 amuse !mselves by ?r[+ balls ov] x4 ,) ! money collect$ tea & cakes are provid$ = ! joy\s p>ty4 ,! ,que5 ( ! ,may takes h] seat at ! head ( ! tea-table1 "u a b[] compos$ ( bran*es ( may & black?orn2 a wrea? ( fl[]s is plac$ on h] head1 & %e is hail$ 8,lady ( ! ,may40 ,! att5dants wait r\nd h]1 ! p>ty ( may]s seat !mselves at a long table bel[1 & ! ev5+ concludes ) mir? & m]rim5t4--,gloss>y1 c41 p4 #dbd4 ,,nor?umb]l& ,! "y p ( bo? sexes g out e>ly 9 ! morn+ to ga!r ! fl[]+ ?orn & ! dew (f ! grass1 :i* !y br+ home ) music & acclamations2 & hav+ dress$ a pole on ! t[n-gre5 ) g>l&s1 dance ar\nd x4 ,a syllabub is also prep>$ = ! ,may-fea/1 :i* is made ( w>m milk f ! c[1 sweet cakes1 & w9e2 & a k9d ( div9ation is practis$ by fi%+ ) a ladle = a w$d+-r+ :i* is dropp$ into x = ! purpose ( progno/icat+ :o %all be fir/ m>ri$4--,hut*9son1 ,hi/4 ( ,nor?umb]l&1 #aggh1 vol4 ii41 ,app5dix1 p4 #ad4 ,at ,newca/le-^u-,tyne x 0 =m]ly usual on ,may-morn+s = ! "y girls to s+ ^! l9es 9 ! /reets1 at ! same "t ga!r+ fl[]s3-- 8,rise up1 maid5s1 fie = %ame6 ,= ,i've be5 f\r long miles f hame1 ,i've be5 ga!r+ my g>l&s gay1 ,rise up1 fair maids1 & take 9 y\r ,may60-- ,br&1 ,pop4 ,antiq4 #ahdi1 vol4 i4 p4 #bai4 ,,nott+ham%ire4 ,! ,may-day cu/oms obs]v$ 9 ?is c\nty are 9 _m respects simil> to ^? ( o!r c\nties1 b ,nott+ham%ire has ! hon\r ( be+ ! p>5t ( mo/ ( ! happy sports :i* *>act]ise ?is joy\s p]iod ( ! ye>1 f ! fact ( mo/ ( ! ,may-day games hav+ _h _! orig9 9 ! _w fam\s ,rob9 ,hood1 ^: exi/5ce & r5[n are s intimately connect$ ) ?is di/rict4 ,8 connection ) 8,m]ry ,%]wood0 & ! ,%]iff ( ,nott+ham h be5 univ]sal !mes = c5turies2 & ^! & ! 8,mill] ( ,mansfield0 & ! 8,wise ,m5 ( ,go?am0 h done m t[>ds mak+ ?is c\nty fam\s ?an all ! re/ ( ! ballads & popul> lit]ature put toge!r4 ,maypoles & morris-dances 7 =m]ly v g5]al1 & ! *>act]s ( ,rob9 ,hood1 ,little ,john1 ,fri> ,tuck1 ,maid ,m>ian1 & ! ,hobby-horse 7 well su/a9$4 ,! maypoles 7 sometimes v elegantly ornam5t$1 & surm\nt$ by flags & /ream]s ( v>i\s col\rs4 ,"o 0 n _m ye>s ago rema9+ by ,hucknall ,folk>d1 & at ! top 7 portions ( ! ironwork & decorations /ill 9 be+4 ,! morris-dance 0 unque/ionably "o ( ! mo/ popul> ( ! _m games incid5t to ?is season1 & 0 v g5]ally preval5t ?r\gh\t ?is c\nty1 & _m are ! ballads d$icat$ to its obs]vance4 ,! foll[+ is ( #afad3-- 8,x 0 my hap ( late by *ance ,to meet a c\ntry morris-dance1 ,:51 *iefe/ ( !m all ! foole ,plaid ) a ladle & a toole2 ,:5 e y\nk] %ak't 8 hels1 ,& f9e ,maid ,m>ian ) h] smoile1 ,%[$ h[ a rascal plaid ! voile1 ,& :5 ! hobby horse did wihy1 ,!n all ! w5*es gave a tihy10 c4 ,may-day1 al?\gh a day ( g5]al holiday & rejoic+1 is nev]!less consid]$1 z is ! :ole ( ! mon?1 unlucky = m>riage1 & few are celebrat$ on ?is day2 m w$d+s be+ ha/5$1 s z to be ov] be=e ?is day1 ?an po/pon$ until ,june4 ,?is does n apply to div9ations = future p>tn]s1 = 9 "s p>ts ( ! c\nty x is usual to prep>e a sweet mixture on ! fir/ ( ,may1 compos$ ( new milk1 cakes1 w9e1 & spice1 & = ! assembl$ company to fi% ) a ladle = a r+ & a sixp5ce1 :i* h be5 dropp$ into ! b[l2 ! "y man :o ga9s ! r+ & ! "y woman ! sixp5ce be+ suppos$ to be int5d$ = ea* o!r4--,j\r4 ( ,ar*4 ,assoc4 #ahec1 vol4 viii4 p4 #bcd4 ,,ox=d%ire4 ,previ\s to ! ,re=mation a requiem mass is said to h be5 p]=m$ e ,may-morn+ at an e>ly h\r on ! top ( ,magdal5 t[]1 ,ox=d1 = ! repose ( ! s\l ( ,h5ry ,,vii41 :o _h hon\r$ t college ) a visit 9 #adhf-g4 ,! *ori/]s cont9ue to execute 9 ! same place1 at five o'clock 9 ! morn+ ( ! same day1 c]ta9 pieces ( *oir-music1 = :i* s]vice ! rectory ( ,slimbridge 9 ,gl\ce/]%ire pays ! ye>ly sum ( #aj4 ,! c]emony has enc\rag$ ! notion t ,h5ry contribut$ to ! erection ( ! t[]1 b 8 only record$ act ( fav\r to ! college is ! confirmation ( its claim to ! rectory *>g$ ) ! annual paym5t4 ,! foll[+ hymn is sung on ! occasion ( ?is c]emony3 8,te ,deum ,patrem colimus1 ,te laudibus prosequimur1 ,qui corpus cibo reficis ,cle/i m5tem gratia4 ,te adoramus1 ,o ,jesu6 ,te1 ,fili unig5ite6 ,te1 qui non d$ignatus es ,subire clau/ra ,virg9is4 ,actus 9 crucem factus es1 ,irato ,deo victima2 ,p] te1 ,salvator unice1 ,vit spes nobis r$iit4 ,tibi1 t]ne ,spiritus1 ,cujus afflatu pep]it ,infantem ,deum ,m>ia1 t]num b5$icimus6 ,triune ,deus1 hom9um ,salutis ,auctor optime1 ,imm5sum hoc my/]ium ,ovanti l+ua canimus40 ,a correspond5t ( ,n4 ,q4 7#bnd ,s4 vii4 p4 #ddf7 ?9ks ?is hymn 0 compos$ by ,dr4 ,?omas ,smi?1 a v le>n$ fell[ ( ,magdal5 ,college1 soon aft] ! ,re/oration1 & t x 0 n sung till ab\t ! middle ( ! la/ c5tury4#eg--;,ak]man1 ,hi/ory ( ,ox=d1 vol4 i4 p4 #bea2 ,wade1 ,walks 9 ,ox=d1 #ahag1 vol4 i4 p4 #acb4 #eg ,:il/ mak+ "s rese>*es 9 ! libr>y ( ,*ri/*ur*1 ,ox=d1 ,dr4 ,rimbault discov]$ :at appe>$ to him to be ! fir/ draft ( ! hymn 9 "q4 ,x has ! foll[+ note3--8,?is hymn is sung e day 9 ,magdal5 ,college ,hall1 ,oxon1 d9n] & supp]1 ?r\gh\t ! ye> = ! aft]-grace1 by ! *apla91 cl]ks1 & *ori/]s !re4 ,compos$ by ,dr4 ,b5jam9 ,rog]s1 ,doctor ( ,musicke1 ( ! ,univ]sity ( ,oxon1 #afhe40 ,x has be5 popul>ly suppos$1 says ,dr4 ,rimbault1 to be ! ,hymnus ,eu*>i/icus1 writt5 by ,dr4 ,na?aniel ,+elo1 & sung at ! civic fea/ at ,guildhall on ! #e? ( ,july1 #affj1 :ile ! ,k+ & ! o!r exalt$ p]sonages 7 at d9n]2 b ?is is a mi/ake1 = ! words ( ,+elo's hymn1 v diff]5t f ! ,magdal5 hymn1 /ill exi/1 & are to be f\nd 9 ,wood's ,collection 9 ! ,a%molean ,museum4 ,dr4 ,rimbault1 9 a communication to ! ,illu/rat$ ,london ,news 7,may #ag?1 #ahef71 speak+ ( ?is cu/om1 says3--,9 ! ye> ( our ,"l ,god #aeja1 ! 8mo/ ,*ri/ian0 ,k+ ,h5ry ,,vii4 gave to ,/4 ,m>y ,magdal5 ,college ! adv[sons ( ! *ur*es ( ,slimbridge1 c\nty ( ,gl\ce/]1 & ,fyndon1 c\nty ( ,sussex1 toge!r ) "o acre ( l& 9 ea* p>i%4 ,9 gratitude = ?is b5efaction1 ! college 0 accu/om$1 dur+ ! lifetime ( _! royal b5efactor1 to celebrate a s]vice 9 hon\r ( ! ,holy ,tr9ity1 ) ! collect /ill us$ on ,tr9ity ,sunday1 & ! pray]1 8,almighty & ev]la/+ ,god1 we are taught by ,?y ,holy ,^w t ! he>ts ( k+s10 c42 & aft] ! dea? ( ! k+ to commemorate him 9 ! usual mann]4 ,! commemoration s]vice ord]$ 9 ! "t ( ,que5 ,elizabe? is /ill p]=m$ on ! #a/ ( ,may1 & ! ,lat9 hymn 9 hon\r ( ! ,holy ,tr9ity1 :i* cont9ues to be sung on ! t[] at sun-ris+1 has evid5tly ref]5ce to ! orig9al s]vice4 ,! produce ( ! two acres above m5tion$ us$ to be di/ribut$ on ! same day betwe5 ! ,presid5t & ,fell[s2 x has h[ev] = _m ye>s be5 giv5 up to supply ! *ori/]s ) a fe/al ent]ta9m5t 9 ! college-hall4 ,x 0 also ! cu/om at ,ox=d a g5]ation ago = little boys to bl[ horns ab\t ! /reets e>ly on ,may-day1 :i* !y did = ! purpose ( 8call+ up ! old maids40 8,i ask$ an ag$ inhabitant10 says a correspond5t ( ,n4 ,q4 7#d? ,s4 vol4 vii4 p4 #dcj71 8h[ long ! horn-bl[+ _h ceas$1 & he repli$1 ev] s9ce ! ,re=m ,bill came 92 b t he rememb]$ ! "t :5 ! workh\se *ildr5 7 let out = ,may-day e>ly 9 ! morn+ ) _! horns & g>l&s1 & a wor?y ald]man :om he nam$ always kept op5 h\se on t day1 & gave !m a good d9n]40 8,call+ up ! old maids0 no d\bt ref]s to ! practice ( call+ up ! maids1 :e!r old or "y1 to g a-may+4 ,he>ne1 9 8 preface to ,rob]t ( ,gl\ce/]'s ,*ronicle1 allud+ to ! cu/om 7p4 #ah7 says3--8',tis no wond]1 !re=e1 t ^u ! jollities on ! fir/ day ( ,may =m]ly ! cu/om ( bl[+ )1 & dr9k+ 91 horns s mu* prevail$1 :i*1 ?\gh x be n[ g5]ally disus$1 yet ! cu/om ( bl[+ !m prevails at ?is season1 ev5 to ?is day at ,ox=d1 to rem9d p ( ! pleasantness ( t "p ( ! ye>1 :i* ought to create mir? & gayety40 ,aubrey has ?is memor&um 9 8 ,rema9s ( ,g5tilisme & ,judaisme 7,,ms4 ,lansd4 #bff1 p4 #e73--;,at ,ox=d ! boys d bl[ c[s' horns & holl[ canes all night2 & on ,may-day ! "y maids ( e p>i% c>ry ab\t g>l&s ( fl[]s1 :i* aft]w>ds !y hang up 9 _! *ur*es4 ,at ,combe1 9 ! same c\nty1 troops ( little girls dress$ up fanta/ically p>ade ! village1 c>ry+ /icks1 to ! top ( :i* are ti$ bun*es ( fl[]s1 & s++ ! foll[+ song3-- 8,g5tlem5 & ladies1 ,we wi% y a happy ,may2 ,we've come to %[ our g>l&s1 ,because x is ,may-day40 ,! same v]se1 sub/antially1 is ! ,may-day song at ,wootton1 an adjo9+ p>i%4 ,! la/ two ( ! f\r l9es are sometimes z foll[3-- 8,come1 kiss my face1 & smell my mace1 ,& give ! "l & lady some?+40 ,n4 ,q4 #crd ,s4 vol4 vii4 p4 #dbe4 ,at ,head+ton1 ab\t two miles f ,ox=d1 ! *ildr5 ga!r g>l&s f h\se to h\se4 ,ea* g>l& is =m$ ( a hoop = a rim1 ) two half hoops atta*$ to x & cross$ above1 mu* 9 ! %ape ( a cr[n2 ea* memb] is adorn$ ) fl[]s1 & ! top surm\nt$ by a cr[n imp]ial or o!r %[y bun* ( fl[]s4 ,ea* g>l& is att5d$ by f\r *ildr51 two girls dress$ 9 all _! be/1 :o c>ry ! g>l&1 support$ betwixt !m by a /ick pass$ ?r\gh x betwe5 ! ar*es4 ,^! are foll[$ by ! 8"l & lady10 a boy & girl1 :o g f h\se to h\se & s+ ! same song z is sung at ,combe4 ,9 ! village are upw>ds ( a doz5 ( ^! g>l&s1 ) _! 8lords & ladies10 :i* give to ! place ! mo/ gay & animat$ appe>ance4--,lit]>y ,gazette1 ,may #ahdg4 ,at ,islip ! *ildr51 c>ry+ ,may-g>l&s1 g ab\t 9 little gr\ps1 s++ ! foll[+ c>ol3-- 8,good morn+1 mi-sus & ma/]1 ,i wi% y a happy day2 ,please to smell my g>l&1 ,because x is ! fir/ ( ,may40 ,br&1 ,pop4 ,antiq4 #ahdi1 vol4 i4 p4 #bai4 ,,%rop%ire4 ,x has be5 usual = ! p 9 ?is neighb\rhood to assemble on ! ,wrek9 hill on ! ,sunday aft] ,may-day1 & ! ?ree successive ,sundays1 to dr9k a heal? 8to all fri5ds r\nd ! ,wrek920 b z on ?is annual fe/ival v>i\s sc5es ( drunk5ness & lic5ti\sness 7 frequ5tly exhibit$1 its celebration has ( late be5 v prop]ly disc\rag$ by ! magi/racy1 & is go+ des]v$ly to decay4--,e ,day ,book1 vol4 ii4 p4 #eii4 ,,som]set%ire4 ,at ,m9ehead ,may-day is obs]v$ by ! celebration ( a cu/om call$ 8,hobby-hors+40 ,a numb] ( "y m51 mo/ly fi%]m5 & sailors1 hav+ previ\sly made "s grotesque figures ( light /uff1 rudely resembl+ m5 & horses ) long tails1 suffici5tly l>ge to cov] & disguise ! p]sons :o are to c>ry !m1 assemble toge!r & p]ambulate ! t[n & neighb\rhood1 p]=m+ a v>iety ( antics1 to ! great amusem5t ( ! *ildr5 & "y p]sons4 ,!y nev] fail to pay a visit to ,dun/] ,ca/le1 :]e1 aft] hav+ be5 hospitably regal$ ) /rong be] & victuals1 !y always receive a pres5t 9 money4 ,_m o!r p]sons1 inhabitants ( ! places !y visit1 give !m small sums1 & su* p]sons z !y meet are also ask$ to contribute a trifle2 if !y are refus$1 ! p]son ( ! refus] is subject$ to ! c]emony ( boot+ or pursu+4 ,?is is done by "s ( ! att5dants hold+ 8 p]son :ile "o ( ! figures inflicts t5 slight bl[s on him ) ! top ( a boot1 he is !n lib]at$1 & all p>ties give ?ree huzzas4 ,! mo/ trifl+ sum buys (f ?is c]emony1 & x is seldom or nev] p]=m$ b on ^? :o purposely ?r[ !mselves 9 _! way1 & jo9 ! p>ty1 or ob/ruct !m 9 _! vag>ies4 ,?is cu/om probably owes its orig9 to "s anci5t practice ( p]ambulat+ ! b\nd>ies ( ! p>i%4--,savage1 ,hi/ory ( ,c>?ampton1 p4 #ehc4 ,,/af=d%ire4 ,at ,uttoxet] gr\ps ( *ildr5 c>ry g>l&s ( fl[]s ab\t ! t[n4 ,! g>l&s consi/ ( two hoops1 "o pass+ ?r\gh ! o!r1 :i* give ! appe>ance ( f\r half circles1 & !y are decorat$ ) fl[]s & ev]gre5s & surm\nt$ ) a bun* ( fl[]s z a sort ( cr[n1 & 9 ! c5tre ( ! hoops is a p5d5t orange & fl[]s4 ,mo/ly "o or m ( ! *ildr5 c>ry a little pole or /ick1 ) a collection ( fl[]s ti$ toge!r at "o end1 & c>ri$ v]tically1 & ! *ildr5 !mselves are adorn$ ) ribbons & fl[]s4 ,?us !y g f h\se to h\se1 :i* !y are enc\rag$ to d by ! p5ce !y obta94--,r$f]n1 ,hi/ory ( ,uttoxet]1 #ahfe1 p4 #bfb4 ,,suffolk4 ,=m]ly 9 ?is c\nty x 0 ! cu/om 9 mo/ f>m-h\ses = any s]vant :o c\ld br+ 9 a bran* ( haw?orn 9 full blossom to receive a di% ( cream = breakfa/4 ,to ?is practice ! foll[+ rhyme app>5tly alludes3-- 8,?is is ! day1 ,& "h is our ,may1 ,! f9e/ ev] se51 ,x is fit = ! que52 ,s pray1 ma'am1 give u a cup ( y\r cream0-- ,br&1 ,pop4 ,antiq4 #ahdi1 vol4 i4 p4 #bbi4 ,,surrey4 ,9 ! p>i% ( ,/4 ,?omas1 ,s\?w>k1 says ,all5 7,hi/ory ( ,surrey & ,sussex1 #ahbi1 vol4 i4 p4 #bfa71 !re 0 an anci5t cu/om = ! pr9cipal inhabitants to meet & d9e toge!r annually on ! fir/ ( ,may4 ,?is 0 call$ ! 8,may-fea/40 ,! g5tleman :o presid$ on ! occasion 0 call$ ! /ew>d4 ,at ! meet+ 9 #afih1 ,mr4 ,john ,pan!r1 be+ 9 t (fice1 propos$ to make a collection = b9d+ out z appr5tices ! *ildr5 ( poor p]sons hav+ a legal settlem5t4 ,?is 0 readily acc$$ to1 & x 0 resolv$ t ! m9i/] ( ! p>i%1 & su* g5tlem5 z _h s]v$ ! (fice ( /ew>d1 & %\ld aft]w>ds s]ve x1 %\ld be gov]nors4 ,?is excell5t plan has be5 foll[$ ev] s9ce3 ! memb]s = ! bor\gh are always invit$ to ! fea/1 & a lib]al collection is made4 ,by means ( donations & good managem5t on ! "p ( ! gov]nors a consid]able sum has be5 inve/$ 9 ! public funds4 ,^! boys are appr5tic$ annually1 & if s _m are n f\nd 9 ,/ ,?omas's p>i%1 ! /ew>ds 9 rotation may ea* appo9t "o f any o!r p>i%4--,brayley1 ,hi/ory ( ,surrey1 #ahda1 vol4 v4 p4 #cii4 ,,sussex4 ,9 v e>ly times ,may-day 0 celebrat$ ) great _s 9 ! t[n ( ,rye2 "y p go+ out at sunrise & return+ ) l>ge b\ghs & bran*es ( trees1 ) :i* !y adorn$ ! fronts ( ! h\ses4 ,ab\t ?ree hundr$ ye>s ago ! ,corporation possess$ c]ta9 woodl&s1 call$ ! common woods1 :i!r ! p us$ to g & cut ! b\ghs1 until at l5g? !y did s mu* damage t ! practice 0 prohibit$4 ,a few ye>s ago "h & !re a solit>y may-b\gh grac$ a h\se1 b !y h n[ ceas$ to appe> altoge!r4 ,a g>l& or two c>ri$ by little *ildr51 & ! *imney-sweep]s 9 _! ivy-leaves1 repres5t+ 8,jack ( ,may10 are ! only relics ( ^! ,may-day sports1 s *>act]i/ic ( m]ry ,engl& 9 =m] times4--,holl[ay1 ,hi/4 ( ,rye1 #ahdg1 p4 #fjh4 ,,we/morel&4 ,at a village call$ ,temple ,s[]by x is cu/om>y = a numb] ( p]sons to assemble toge!r on ! gre51 & !re propose a c]ta9 numb] z c&idates = conte/+ ! v>i\s prizes !n produc$1 :i* consi/ ( a gr9d/one z ! head prize2 a hone1 or :et/one = a razor1 z ! second2 & :et/ones ( an inf]ior description = ^? :o c only rea* a /ate ( m$iocrity 9 8! noble art ( ly+60 ,! p are ! judges4 ,ea* c&idate 9 rotation comm5ces a /ory su* z 8 f]tile g5ius at ! mom5t prompts1 & ! m m>vell\s & improbable 8 /ory happ5s to be1 s mu* ! great] *ance is !re ( 8 success4 ,aft] be+ amus$ 9 ?is mann] = a consid]able l5g? ( "t1 & aw>d+ ! prizes to ! mo/ des]v+1 ! ho/ ( c&idates1 judges1 & o!r att5dants adj\rn to ! inns1 :]e ! sports ( ! day v (t5 end 9 a few spl5did battles4--,e ,day ,book1 vol ii4 p4 #eii4 ,9 ?is c\nty x is ! practice1 e ,may-morn+1 to make folks ,may-gosl+s1#eh a practice simil> to t on ! fir/ ( ,april4 ,?is cu/om prevails till twelve o'clock at noon1 aft] :i* "t none c>ry on ! sport4 ,on ?is day1 too1 pl\ghm5 & o!rs decorate !mselves ) g>l&s & fl[]s1 & p>ade ?r\gh diff]5t t[ns = _! annual collection1 :i* !y sp5d 9 ! ev5+ ) _! swee!>ts at ! maypole4--,"t's ,telescope1 #ahbi1 p4 #agf4 #eh ,see page #bcc4 ,,worce/]%ire4 ,! dance r\nd ! ,maypole is kept up1 says ,cu?b]t ,b$e 7,n4 ,q4 #a/ ,s4 vol4 x4 p4 #ib71 at ! village ( ,cl5t1 ne> ,hagley4 ,,wales4 ,ab\t a =tnight previ\s to ,may-day ! "q among ! lads & lasses is1 8,:o w turn out to dance 9 ! summ] ?is ye>80 ,f t "t ! names ( ! p]=m]s are buzz$ 9 ! village1 & rum\r proclaims !m ?r\gh\t ! surr\nd+ neighb\rhood4 ,nor is x ask$ ) less int]e/1 8,:o w c>ry ! g>l&80 & 8,:o w be ! ,cadi80 ,ab\t n9e days or a week previ\s to ! fe/ival a collection is made ( ! gaye/ ribbons t c be procur$4 ,dur+ ?is "t1 too1 ! *os5 g>l&-be>] is busily employ$4 ,accompani$ by "o f among ! int5d$ danc]s :o is be/ kn[n among ! f>m]s = good conduct1 !y g f h\se to h\se ?r\gh\t _! p>i%1 begg+ ! loan ( wat*es1 silv] spoons1 & o!r ut5sils ( ?is metal1 & ^? :o are satisfi$ ) ! p>ties1 & h a reg>d = ! celebration ( ?is anci5t day1 comply ) _! solicitation4 ,:5 ,may-day morn arrives ! gr\p ( danc]s assemble at ! village tav]n4 ,f !nce 7:5 p]mission c be obta9$ f ! cl]gyman ( ! p>i%7 ! procession sets =?1 accompani$ by ! r++ ( bells4 ,! arrangem5t & m>* are settl$ by ! ,cadi1 :o is always ! mo/ active p]son 9 ! company1 & is1 by virtue ( 8 (fice1 ! *ief m>%al1 orator1 buffoon1 & money-collector4 ,he is always array$ 9 comic attire1 g5]ally 9 a p>tial dress ( bo? sexes1 a coat & wai/coat be+ us$ = ! upp] "p ( ! body1 & = ! l[] petticoats some:at resembl+ ,moll ,flagon1 9 ! 8,"l ( ! ,manor40 ,8 c\nt5ance is also di/+ui%$ by a hide\s mask1 or is black5$ entirely ov]1 & !n ! lips1 *eeks1 & orbits ( ! eyes are sometimes pa9t$ r$4 ,! numb] ( ! re/ ( ! p>ty1 includ+ ! g>l&-be>]1 is g5]ally ?irte51 & ) ! exception ( ! v>i$ ta/e 9 ! decoration ( _! %irts ) ribbons1 _! co/ume is simil>4 ,x consi/s ( clo?+ entirely new1 made ( a light texture = danc+4 ,:ite decorat$ %irts1 are worn ov] ! re/ ( _! clo?+2 ! rema9d] ( ! dress is black velvete5 bree*es1 ) knee-ties dep5d+ halfway d[n to ! ancles1 9 contra/ ) y>n hose ( a light grey4 ,! ornam5ts ( ! hats are l>ge rosettes ( v>i$ col\rs1 ) /ream]s dep5d+ f !m2 wrea?s ( ribbon encircle ! cr[n1 & ea* ( ! danc]s c>ries 9 8 "r h& a :ite pocket-h&k]*ief4 ,! g>l& consi/s ( a long /aff or pole1 to :i* is affix$ a triangul> or squ>e frame1 cov]$ ) /rong :ite l951 on :i* ! silv] ornam5ts are fix$1 & display$ ) great ta/e4 ,silv] spoons1 c4 are plac$ 9 ! %ape ( />s1 squ>es1 & circles4 ,betwe5 ^! are r[s ( wat*es1 & at ! top ( ! frame1 opposite to ! pole 9 its c5tre1 ! :ole collection is cr[n$ ) ! l>ge/ & mo/ co/ly ( ! ornam5ts1 g5]ally a l>ge silv] cup or tank>d4 ,?is g>l&1 :5 complet$ on ! eve ( ,may-day1 is left = ! night at t f>m-h\se f :5ce ! danc]s h receiv$ ! mo/ lib]al loan ( silv] & plate = its decoration1 or ) t f>m] :o is di/+ui%$ 9 8 neighb\rhood z a good ma/]1 & lib]al to ! poor4 ,its deposit is a tok5 ( respect1 & x is call$ = e>ly on ! foll[+ morn+4 ,! :ole p>ty be+ assembl$1 !y m>*1 head$ by ! ,cadi4 ,aft] him foll[s ! g>l&-be>]1 & !n ! fiddl]1 :ile ! bells ( ! village m]rily r+ ! signal ( _! dep>ture4 ,z ! procession moves sl[ly along ! ,cadi v>ies 8 /ation1 hov]s ab\t 8 p>ty1 br&i%es a ladle1 & assails e pass5g] = a cu/om>y & expect$ donation4 ,:5 !y arrive at a f>m-h\se !y take up _! gr\nd on ! be/ /ation = danc+4 ,9 ! meantime ! buffoon]y ( ! ,cadi is exhibit$ )\t int]mission4 ,he assails ! inmates ( ! h\se = money1 & :5 ?is is obta9$ ! procession moves (f to ! next f>m-h\se4 ,!y d n conf9e ! ramble ( ! day to _! own p>i%1 b g f "o to ano!r1 & to any c\nty t[n 9 ! vic9ity4 ,:5 !y return to _! resid5t village 9 ! ev5+1 ! bells1 r++ m]rily1 ann\nce _! arrival4 ,! money collect$ dur+ ! day's excursion is appropriat$ to defray :atev] exp5ses may h be5 incurr$ 9 ! necess>y prep>ations1 & ! rema9d] is sp5t 9 jovial fe/ivity4--,e ,day ,book1 vol4 i4 p4 #efb4 ,at ,t5by1 says ,mason 7,tales & ,traditions ( ,t5by1 #aheh1 p4 #bb71 x 0 cu/om>y = ! possessors ( a maypole to try & pull d[n ^? set up 9 o!r places4 ,a wat* 0 !re=e set up r\nd ea*4 ,,scotl&4 ,9 "s p>ts ( ,scotl&1 says ,p5nant1 !re is a rural sacrifice on ,may-day4 ,a cross is cut on "s /icks1 ea* ( :i* is dipp$ 9 pottage1 & ! ,?ursday be=e ,ea/] "o ( ^! is plac$ ov] ! %eep-cote1 ! /able1 or ! c[-h\se4 ,on ! fir/ ( ,may !y are c>ri$ to ! hill1 :]e ! rites are celebrat$1 all deck$ ) wild fl[]s1 & aft] ! fea/ is ov] replac$ ov] ! spots !y 7 tak5 f4 ,?is 0 orig9ally /yl$ ,clonau-,belte91 or ! split bran* ( ! fir ( ! rock4--,t\r 9 ,scotl&1 #agij1 vol4 i4 p4 #bjf4 ,,c\nty ,,( ,,ed9burgh4 ,at ,ed9burgh ab\t f\r o'clock 9 ! morn+ !re is an unusual /ir2 & a hurry+ ( gay ?rongs ?r\gh ! ,k+'s ,p>k to ,ar?ur's ,seat to collect ! ,may-dew4 ,9 ! c\rse ( half an h\r ! entire hill is a mov+ mass ( all sorts ( p4 ,at ! summit may be se5 a company ( bak]s & o!r craftsm51 dress$ 9 kilts1 danc+ r\nd a maypole4 ,on ! m level "p is usually an it9]ant v5dor ( :isky1 or m\nta9 7n ,may7 dew4 ,^! proce$+s comm5ce ) ! daybreak4 ,ab\t six o'clock ! appe>ance ( ! g5try1 toil+ up ! asc5t1 becomes ! signal = s]vants to m>* home2 = !y "k t !y mu/ h ! h\se clean & ev]y?+ 9 ord] e>li] ?an usual on ,may-morn+4 ,ab\t eight o'clock ! fun is all ov]2 & by n9e or t51 7 x n = ! drunk>ds :o are /agg]+ t[>ds ! 8gude t[n10 no "o w\ld "k t any?+ p>ticul> _h tak5 place4--,see ,e ,day ,book1 vol4 ii4 p4 #fji4 ,f]gusson ! ,scotti% poet ?us describes ?is cu/om3-- 8,on ,may-day 9 a fairy r+ ,we've se5 !m1 r\nd ,/4 ,an?on's spr+1 ,frae grass ! call] dew-drops wr+1 ,to wet _! e91 ,& wat] cle> z cry/al spr+1 ,to synd !m clean40 ,=m]ly ! magi/rates ( ,canongate1 ,ed9burgh1 us$ to walk 9 procession to *ur* ^u ! fir/ ,sunday aft] ,beltane1 c>ry+ l>ge nosegays4 ,?is obs]vance 0 evid5tly a modifi$ relic ( ! anci5t fe/ival ( ! sun2 & ! orig9al mean+ ( ! cu/om mu/ h be5 an expression ( gratitude to t lum9>y1 deifi$ "u ! "n ( ,baal1 = ! fir/-fruits ( 8 g5ial influ5ce4--,h\sehold ,words1 #ahei1 vol4 xix4 p4 #eeh4 ,,! ,,highl&s4 ,on ! fir/ ( ,may ! h]dsm5 ( e village hold _! ,belte91 a rural sacrifice4 ,!y cut a squ>e tr5* on ! gr\nd1 leav+ ! turf 9 ! middle2 on t !y make a fire ( wood1 on :i* !y dress a l>ge caudle ( eggs1 butt]1 oatmeal1 & milk2 & br+1 besides ! +r$i5ts ( ! caudle1 pl5ty ( be] & :isky1 = ea* ( ! company mu/ contribute some?+4 ,! rites beg9 ) spill+ "s ( ! caudle on ! gr\nd1 by way ( libation2 on t e "o takes a cake ( oatmeal1 ^u :i* are rais$ n9e squ>e knobs1 ea* d$icat$ to "s p>ticul> be+1 ! suppos$ pres]v] ( _! flocks & h]ds1 or to "s p>ticul> animal1 ! real de/roy] ( !m3 ea* p]son !n turns 8 face to ! fire1 breaks (f a knob1 & fl++ x ov] 8 %\ld]1 says1 ,?is ,i give to !e1 pres]ve ?\ my horses2 ?is to !e1 pres]ve ?\ my %eep2 & s on4 ,aft] t !y use ! same c]emony to ! noxi\s animals4 ,?is ,i give to !e1 ,o fox6 sp>e ?\ my lambs2 ?is to !e1 ,o hood$-cr[6 & ?is to !e1 ,o eagle6 ,:5 ! c]emony is ov] !y d9e on ! caudle1 &1 aft] ! fea/ is f9i%$1 :at is left is hid by two p]sons deput$ = t purpose2 b on ! next ,sunday !y re-assemble1 & f9i% ! reliques ( ! fir/ ent]ta9m5t4--,p5nant's ,t\r 9 ,scotl&1 #agij1 vol4 i4 p4 #aab4 ,,p]?%ire4 ,9 ,s9clair's ,/at4 ,acc4 ( ,scotl& 7#agid1 vol4 xi4 p4 #fbj7 ! ,m9i/] ( ,call&] says3--,^u ! fir/ day ( ,may all ! boys 9 a t[n%ip or hamlet meet on ! moors4 ,!y cut a table 9 ! gre5 sod ( a r\nd figure1 by ca/+ a tr5* 9 ! gr\nd ( su* circumf]5ce z to hold ! :ole company4 ,!y k9dle a fire1 & dress a repa/ ( eggs & milk ( ! consi/5ce ( a cu/>d4 ,!y knead a cake ( oatmeal1 :i* is toa/$ at ! emb]s aga9/ a /one4 ,aft] ! cu/>d is eat5 up1 !y divide ! cake into s _m portions1 z simil> z possible to "o ano!r 9 size & %ape1 z !re are p]sons 9 ! company4 ,!y daub "o ( ^! portions all ov] ) *>coal until x is p]fectly black4 ,!y put ! pieces ( ! cake into a bonnet4 ,e "o bl9dfold draws out a portion2 he :o holds ! bonnet is entitl$ to ! la/ piece4 ,:oev] draws ! black piece is ! devot$ p]son :o is to be sacrific$ to ,baal1 ^: fav\r !y mean to implore 9 r5d]+ ! ye> productive ( ! su/5ance ( man & bea/s4 ,!re is little d\bt ( ^! inhuman sacrifices hav+ be5 once (f]$ 9 ?is c\ntry z well z 9 ! ,ea/1 al?\gh !y n[ omit ! act ( sacrific+1 & only compel ! devot$ p]son to leap ?ree times ?r\gh ! flames3 ) :i* ! c]emonies ( ?is fe/ival are clos$4--,see ,n4 ,q4 #a/4 ,s41 vol4 viii4 p4 #bha4 ,at ,logi]ait ! #a/ ( ,may1 old /yle1 is *iefly celebrat$ by ! c[h]ds1 :o assemble by scores 9 ! fields to dress a d9n] = !mselves ( boil$ milk & eggs4 ,^! di%es !y eat ) a sort ( cakes bak$ = ! occasion1 & hav+ small lumps rais$ all ov] ! surface4--,ibid4 vol4 v4 p4 #hd4 ,,we/]n ,,isles ,,( ,,scotl&4 ,m>t91 9 8 ,acc\nt ( ! ,we/]n ,isl&s ( ,scotl& 7#agjc1 p4 #g71 speak+ ( ! ,isle ( ,lewis1 says t ! natives 9 ! village ,b>vas reta9 an anci5t cu/om ( s5d+ a man v e>ly to cross ,b>vas riv] e fir/ day ( ,may1 to prev5t any females cross+ x fir/2 = t !y say w\ld h9d] ! salmon f com+ into ! riv] all ! ye> r\nd4 ,!y pret5d to h le>n$ ?is f a =eign sailor1 :o 0 %ipwreck$ ^u t coa/ a long "t ago4 ,,irel&4 ,9 ! s\?-ea/]n p>ts ( ,irel& 7& no d\bt all ov] ! isl&7 a cu/om us$ to prevail--p]haps s /ill--on ,may-day1 :5 ! "y p ( bo? sexes1 & _m old p too1 collect$ 9 di/ricts & localities1 & select$ ! h&some/ girl1 ( f eighte5 to tw5ty-"o ye>s ( age1 z que5 ( ! di/rict = twelve mon?s4 ,%e 0 !n cr[n$ ) wild fl[]s2 & fea/+1 danc+1 & rural sports 7 clos$ by a gr& procession 9 ! ev5+4 ,! duties ( h] maje/y 7 by no means heavy1 z %e _h only to preside ov] rural assemblies ( "y folks at dances & m]rymak+s1 & _h ! utmo/ ob$i5ce paid to h] by all classes ( h] subjects4 ,if %e got m>ri$ be=e ! next ,may-day h] au?ority 0 at an end1 b /ill %e held (fice until t day1 :5 h] successor to ! ?rone 0 *os54 ,if n m>ri$ dur+ h] reign ( twelve mon?s1 %e 0 capable ( be+ re-elect$2 b t seldom happ5$1 z !re 0 always f\nd "s c&idate put =w>d by ! "y m5 ( ! di/rict to dispute ! cr[n ! next ye>4--,n4 ,q4 #crd ,s4 vol4 iv4 p4 #bbi4 ,9 ,irel&1 says ,mr4 ,cr(ton ,crok]1 ,may-day is call$ ,la na ,beal t9a1 & ,may-eve ne5 na ,baal t9a1 t is1 ! day & eve ( ,baal's fire1 f its hav+ be5 9 anci5t times consecrat$ to ! god ,beal1 or ,belus2 :5ce also ! mon? ( ,may is t]m$ 9 ,iri% ,mi na ,beal t9e4 ,may-day is ! fav\rite fe/ival ( ! mumm]s4 ,!y consi/ ( a numb]1 v>y+ accord+ to circum/ances1 ( ! girls & "y m5 ( ! village or neighborhood1 usually select$ = _! good looks1 or _! pr(ici5cy--! females 9 ! dance1 ! y\?s 9 hurl+ & o!r a?letic ex]cises4 ,!y m>* 9 procession1 two abrea/1 & 9 ?ree divisions3 ! "y m5 9 ! van & ! re>1 dress$ 9 :ite or o!r gay-col\r$ jackets or ve/s1 & decorat$ ) ribbons on _! hats & sleeves4 ,! "y wom5 are dress$ also 9 light-col\r$ g>m5ts1 & two ( !m be> ea* a holly-bu%1 on :i* are hung sev]al new hurl+ balls1 ! ,may-day pres5t ( ! girls to ! y\?s ( ! village4 ,! bu% is decorat$ ) a pr(usion ( long ribbons1 or pap] cut 9 imitation1 :i* adds greatly to ! gay & joy\s1 yet /rictly rural1 appe>ance ( ! :ole4 ,! procession is always prec$$ by music1 sometimes ( ! bagpipe1 b m commonly ( a milit>y fife1 ) ! addition ( a drum or tamb\r9e4 ,a cl[n is ( c\rse 9 att5dance3 he we>s a frightful mask1 & be>s a long pole1 ) %r$s ( clo? nail$ to ! end ( x1 l a mop1 :i* ev] & anon he dips 9 a pool ( wat] or puddle1 & bespr9kles su* ( ! cr[d z press ^u 8 companions1 mu* to ! delight ( ! y\ng] spectators4 ,! mumm]s dur+ ! day p>ade ! neighb\r+ villages1 or g f "o g5tleman's seat to ano!r1 danc+ be=e ! mansion h\se1 & receiv+ money4 ,! ev5+ ( c\rse t]m9ates ) dr9k+4--,fairy ,leg5ds & ,traditions ( ! ,s\? ( ,irel&1 #ahbe4 ,,c\nty ,,d[n4 ,on ! fir/ ( ,may f "t immemorial1 until ! ye> #agih1 a l>ge pole 0 plant$ 9 ! m>ket-place at ,magh]a1 & a procession ( ,may boys1 lead$ by a mock k+ & que51 p>ad$ ! neighb\rhood1 dress$ 9 %irts ov] _! clo!s1 & ornam5t$ ) ribbons ( v>i\s col\rs4 ,?is practice 0 reviv$ 9 #ahac1 & ! ,may-boys collect$ ab\t #ag at ! diff]5t places :]e !y call$3 ?is defray$ ! exp5se ( a public d9n] next day4 ,circum/ances1 h[ev]1 occurr$ soon aft] :i* induc$ "o ( ! neighb\r+ magi/rates to come into ! t[n & cut d[n ! pole1 :i* _h be5 plant$ 9 ! m>ket-place4--,mason1 ,/at4 ,acc4 ( ,irel&1 #ahad1 vol4 i4 p4 #eic4 ,,c\nty ,,dubl94 ,on ! fir/ day ( ,may 9 ,dubl9 & its vic9ity x is cu/om>y = "y m5 & boys to g a few miles out ( t[n 9 ! morn+1 = ! purpose ( cutt+ a ,may-bu%4 ,?is is g5]ally a :ite-?orn1 ( ab\t f\r or five feet high1 & !y c>ry x to ! /reet or place ( _! resid5ce1 9 ! c5tre ( :i* !y dig a hole1 & hav+ plant$ ! bu%1 !y g r\nd to e h\se & collect money4 ,!y !n buy a p\nd or m ( c&les1 & fa/5 !m to v>i\s p>ts ( ! tree or bu% 9 su* a mann] z to avoid burn+ x4 ,ano!r portion ( 8! collection0 is exp5d$ 9 ! pur*ase ( a heap ( turf suffici5t = a l>ge fire1 &1 if ! funds w all[1 an old t>-b>rel4 ,=m]ly x 0 n consid]$ complete )\t hav+ a horse's skull & o!r bones to burn 9 ! fire4 ,! depts = ^! bones 7 ! tann]s' y>ds 9 a "p ( ! suburbs1 call$ ,kilma9ham2 & on ,may morn+ gr\ps ( boys drag loads ( bones to _! sev]al de/9ations4 ,?is practice gave rise to a ?reat1 yet made use (--8,i w drag y l a horse's head to ! bone-fire40 ,ab\t dusk1 :5 no m money c be collect$1 ! bu% is trimm$1 ! turf & bones are made ready to set on fire1 ! c&les are all light$1 ! bu% fully illum9at$1 & ! boys1 giv+ ?ree huzzas1 beg9 to dance & jump r\nd x4 ,aft] an h\r or s ! heap ( turf & bones is set fire to1 & :5 ! c&les are burnt out ! bu% is tak5 up & ?r[n into ! flames4 ,!y cont9ue play+ ab\t until ! fire is burnt out1 ea* !n returns to 8 home1 & s ends _! ,may-day4 ,ab\t two or ?ree miles f ,dubl9 on ! great ,nor!rn road is a village call$ ,f+lass4 ,a high pole is decorat$ ) g>l&s1 & visitors come 9 f diff]5t p>ts ( ! c\ntry1 & dance r\nd x to :atev] music *ance may h conduct$ !re4 ,! be/ male & female danc]s are *os5 k+ & que51 & plac$ on *airs4 ,:5 ! danc+ is ov] !y are c>ri$ by "s ( ! p>ty to an adjac5t public-h\se1 :]e !y regale !mselves ) ham1 beef1 :isky-pun*1 ale1 cakes1 & port]1 aft] :i* !y g5]ally h a dance indoors1 & !n disp]se4 ,!re is an old song relat+ to ! above cu/om1 beg9n+ 8,ye lads & lasses all1 to-day1 ,to ,f+lass let u ha/e away1 ,) he>ts s light & dresses gay1 ,to dance ar\nd ! maypole40-- ,e ,day ,book1 vol4 ii4 p4 #eie4 ,on ,may-day also1 or on ! prec$+ night1 wom5 put a /ock+ fill$ ) y>r[ "u _! pill[1 & recite ! foll[+ l9es3-- 8,good morr[1 good y>r[1 good morr[ to !e2 ,i hope 'ga9 by ! morr[ my lov] to see1 ,& t he may be m>ri$ to me2 ,! col\r ( 8 hair1 & ! clo!s he does we>2 ,& if he be = me may 8 face be turn$ to me2 ,& if he be n1 d>k & surly he may be1 ,& 8 back be turn$ to me40-- ,n4 ,q4 #d? ,s4 vol4 iv4 p4 #eje4 ,,may #b4 ,,/4 ,,hel5',s ,,day--,,r[an-,,tree ,,day4 ,,york%ire4 ,f ! foll[+ passage 9 ,atk9son's ,clevel& ,gloss>y 7p4 #dag71 x w\ld appe> t ?is is kn[n 9 t di/rict z ,/4 ,hel5's ,day2 al?\gh ! fea/1 prop]ly s call$1 is held on ,augu/ #ah? 7:i* see74 ,! transf] seems to h orig9at$ 9 ! fact t ! ,inv5tion 7or ,discov]y7 ( ! ,cross 0 due to ,/4 ,hel51 :o 0 ?us connect$ ) ! fea/ kept on ,may #crd "u t title4 ,at ,clevel&1 ,york%ire1 ! #bnd ( ,may1 ,/4 ,hel5's ,day1 is ,r[an-tree day1 or ,r[an-tree ,wit*-day1 & on t day ev5 yet ) "s ! me?od ( proce$+ is = "s memb] ( ! h\sehold or family to g ! fir/ ?+ 9 ! morn+1 ) no ?\ght ( any p>ticul> r[an-tree--r1 ,i believe1 x might be said1 till "s r[an-tree is fall5 9 ) ( :i* no previ\s k _h be5 possess$ by ! seek]4 ,f ?is tree a supply ( bran*es is tak51 & 7a diff]5t pa? homew>ds hav+ be5 tak51 by ! /rict obs]v]s1 f t by :i* !y w5t7 on rea*+ home twigs are /uck ov] e door ( e h\se 9 ! home/ead1 & scrupul\sly left !re until !y fall out ( !mselves4 ,a piece is also always borne ab\t by _m 9 _! pockets or purses1 z a prophylactic aga9/ wit*+4 ,n s v long s9ce ei!r ! f>m]s us$ to h :ip/ocks ( r[an-tree wood--r[an-tree-gads !y 7 call$1--& x 0 held t1 ?us suppli$1 !y 7 safe aga9/ hav+ _! draught fix$1 or _! horses made re/ive by a wit*4 ,if ev] a draught came to a /&/ill--!re be+ 9 su* cases no r[an-tree-gad 9 ! driv]'s h&s1 ( c\rse--!n ! ne>e/ wit*wood-tree 0 resort$ to1 & a /ick cut to flog ! horses on )1 to ! discomfiture ( ! malevol5t wit* :o _h caus$ ! /oppage4 ,,scotl&4 ,on ,may #bnd1 ! eve ( ! ,inv5tion ( ! ,holy ,cross1 x is cu/om>y 9 ,ab]de5%ire to =m crosses ( twigs ( ! r[an-tree & to place !m ov] ! doors & w9d[s z a protection aga9/ evil spirits4--,n4 ,q4 #crd ,s4 vol4 ii4 p4 #dhc4 ,,may #c4 ,,! ,,highl&s4 ,p5nant1 9 8 ,t\r 9 ,scotl& 7#agij1 vol4 i4 p4 #aaa7 says t a ,highl&] nev] beg9s any?+ ( consequ5ce on ! day ( ! week on :i* ! #crd ( ,may falls1 :i* he /yles ,la ,%ea*anna na bleanagh1 or ! dismal day4 ,,may #h4 ,,app>ition ,,( ,,/4 ,,mi*ael4 ,,cornwall4 ,! mo/ rem>kable obs]vance ( antiquity rema9+ 9 ?is c\nty is ! 8,furry fe/ival0 :i* has be5 celebrat$ f "t immemorial on ! #h? ( ,may4 ,at ,hel/on ! day us$ to be u%]$ 9 v e>ly 9 ! morn+ by ! music ( drums & kettles1 & o!r pleasant s\nds1 ! accompanim5ts ( a song3-- 8,rob9 ,hood & ,little ,john1 ,!y bo? are gone to ! fair1 ,o2 ,& we w to ! m]ry gre5wood1 ,to see :at !y d !re1 ,o4 ,& = to *ase1 ,o1 ,to *ase ! buck & doe ,) ,hal-an-t[1 ,jolly rumble1 ,o4 ,& we 7 up z soon z any day1 ,o ,& = to fet* ! summ] home1 ,! summ] & ! may1 ,o1 ,= ! summ] is a come1 ,o1 ,& w9t] is a g1 ,o4 ,:]e are ^? ,spani>ds ,t make s great a boa/1 ,o8 ,!y %all eat ! grey goose-fea!r1 ,& we w eat ! roa/1 ,o4 ,9 e l&1 ,o1 ,! l& t ere we g1 ,) ,hal-an-t[1 c41 ,& we 7 up1 c4 ,z = ,/4 ,george1 ,o1 ,/4 ,george he 0 a knight1 ,o1 ,( all ! k+s 9 ,*ri/5dom1 ,k+ ,george is ! "r1 ,o4 ,9 e l&1 ,o1 ,! l& t ere we g ,) ,hal-an-t[1 c4 ,god bless ,aunt ,m>y ,moses1 ,) all h] p[] & might1 ,o2 ,& s5d u peace 9 m]ry ,engl&1 ,bo? day & night1 ,o40 ,x 0 a g5]al holiday3 s /rict1 inde$1 us$ ! obs]vance ( ?is jubilee to be held t if any p]son *anc$ to be f\nd at "w1 he 0 in/antly seiz$1 set a/ride on a pole1 & hurri$ on m5's %\ld]s to ! riv]1 :]e he 0 s5t5c$ to leap ov] a wide space1 :i* if he fail$ 9 attempt+ he ( c\rse fell into ! wat]4 ,!re 0 always1 h[ev]1 a ready compromise ( comp\nd+ = a leap4 ,ab\t n9e o'clock ! revell]s appe>$ be=e ! gramm>-s*ool1 & dem&$ a holiday = ! s*ool-boys1 aft] :i* !y collect$ money f h\se to h\se4 ,!y !n us$ to fad into ! c\ntry 7fad be+ an old ,engli% ^w = to g71 & ab\t ! middle ( ! day return$ ) fl[]s & oak-bran*es 9 _! hats & caps1 & sp5t ! re/ ( ! day until dusk 9 danc+ ?r\gh ! /reets to ! s\nd ( ! fiddle1 play+ a p>ticul> tune2 & ?read$ ! h\ses z !y *ose--claim+ a "r to g ?r\gh any p]son's h\se1 9 at "o door & out ( ! o!r4 ,9 ! aft]noon ! ladies & g5tlem5 visit$ "s f>mh\se 9 ! neighb\rhood2 :5ce1 aft] regal+ !mselves ) syllabubs1 !y return$1 aft] ! fa%ion ( ! vulg>1 to ! t[n1 danc+ z briskly ! fad-dance1 & ent]+ ! h\ses z unc]emoni\sly4 ,9 lat] times a select p>ty only made _! progress ?r\gh ! /reets v late 9 ! ev5+1 & hav+ quickly vani%$ f ! sc5e1 reappe>$ 9 ! ballroom4 ,"h meet+ _! fri5ds1 !y w5t ?r\gh ! usual r\t9e ( danc+ till supp]2 aft] :i* !y all faddd x out ( ! room1 break+ (f by degrees to _! respective h\ses4 ,at pres5t ?is cu/om is fa/ fall+ into disuse1 & ! day is only celebrat$ by a few ( ! l[] classes4 ,murray1 9 8 ,h&book = ,cornwall1 #ahfe1 p4 #cja1 says t ! furry fe/ival is 9 commemoration ( ! foll[+ curi\s leg5d3--,a block ( granite1 :i* = _m ye>s _h la9 9 ! y>d ( ! ,angel ,inn1 0 9 ! ye> #aghc brok5 up & us$ z a "p ( ! build+ mat]ials = ! assembly-room4 ,?is /one1 says ! leg5d1 0 orig9ally plac$ at ! m\? ( hell1 f :i* x 0 "o day c>ri$ away by ! devil z he issu$ =? 9 a frolicsome mood on an excursion into ,cornwall4 ,"h he trav]s$ ! c\ntry1 play+ ) 8 pebble2 b x *anc$ t ,/4 ,mi*ael 7:o figures conspicu\sly 9 ! t[n arms & is ! patron sa9t ( ! t[n7 cross$ 8 pa?2 a combat imm$iately ensu$1 & ! devil1 be+ wor/$1 dropp$ ! ,hell's /one 9 8 flight2 h5ce ! "n ( ! t[n4 ,!re h be5 _m op9ions reg>d+ ! mean+ & d]ivation ( ! ^w furry4 ,pol:ele says 7,hi/ory ( ,cornwall1 #ahbf1 vol4 ii4 p4 #da7 t furry is d]iv$ f f]1 a fair3 a d]ivation :i* seems probable f ! expression 9 ! furry-song4 8,!y bo? are gone to ! fair1 ,o40 ,"s ?9k t ! ^w 9 "q is d]iv$ f ! ,greek 1 to be>4 ,! rites ( ! furry correspond mo/ intimately ) ! 1 a ,sicilian fe/ival1 s nam$ 1 or f c>ry+ fl[]s1 9 commemoration ( ! rape ( ,pros]p9e1 :om ,pluto /ole z %e 0 ga!r+ fl[]s--8h]self a fair] fl[]60 ,o!rs d]ive ! ^w furry f ! ,corni% furri]1 a ?ief1 f ! gre5 spoils !y br\ght home f ! woods4--,see ,pott]'s ,antiquities1 vol4 i41 & ,g5t4 ,mag4 vol4 lx4 pp4 #ebj1 #hgc1 #aajj4 ,,may #aj4 ,,:itsunday4 ,9 ! ,ca?olic times ( ,engl& x 0 usual to dramatise ! desc5t ( ! ,holy ,gho/1 :i* ?is fe/ival commemorates1--a cu/om we f9d allud$ to 9 ,b>naby ,googe's translation ( ,naogeorgus3 8,on ,:it-sunday :yte pigeons tame 9 /r+s f heav5 flie1 ,& "o t fram$ is ( wood /ill hange? 9 ! skie4 ,?\ see/ h[ !y ) idols play1 & tea* ! p too2 ,none o!rwise ?an little gyrls ) puppets us$ to d40 ,9 an old ,computus1 anno #aeji1 ( ,/4 ,patrick's1 ,dubl91 we f9d ivs4 viid4 paid to ^? play+ ) ! great & little angel & ! dragon2 iiis4 paid = little cords employ$ ab\t ! ,holy ,gho/2 ivs4 vid4 = mak+ ! angel 7?urificantis7 c5s+1 & iis4 iid4 = cords ( x--all on ! fea/ ( ,p5teco/4--,e ,day ,book1 vol4 i4 p4 #fhe4 ,:itsunday is obs]v$ z a ,sc>let ,day 9 ! ,univ]sities ( ,ox=d & ,cambridge4--,kal5d> ( ! ,engli% ,*ur*1 #ahfe1 p4 #gc4 ,! orig9 ( ! t]m ,:itsunday has be5 w>mly conte/$ by v>i\s writ]s1 & /ill seems to be an undecid$ "q4 ,= an int]e/+ article on ?is subject1 see ,n4 ,q4 #e? ,s4 vol4 i4 pp4 #dja-djc4 ,consult also ,n4 ,q4 #bnd ,s4 vol4 ii4 p4 #aed2 #crd ,s4 vol4 vii4 p4 #dgi2 #d? ,s4 vol4 xi4 p4 #dcg4 ,dr4 ,neale's ,*ur* ,fe/ivals & _! ,h\sehold ,words4--,! ,pray] ,book ,int]leav$ 7,*ampion & ,beaumont74 ,:itsun ,ale4--,ale 0 s preval5t a dr9k among/ u 9 old times1 z to become a "p ( ! "n ( v>i\s fe/al meet+s1 z ,leet-ale1 ,lamb-ale1 ,bride-ale 7bridal71 &1 z we see1 ,:itsun-ale4 ,x 0 ! cu/om ( our ance/ors to h p>o*ial meet+s e ,:itsuntide1 usually 9 "s b>n ne> ! *ur*1 consi/+ ( a k9d ( picnic1 z ea* p>i%ion] br\ght :at victuals he c\ld sp>e4 ,! ale1 :i* _h be5 brew$ pretty /rong = ! occasion1 0 sold by ! *ur*w>d5s1 & f its pr(its a fund arose = ! repair ( ! *ur*4--,see ,book ( ,days1 vol4 i4 p4 #fcg2 also ,br&1 ,pop4 ,antiq4 #ahdi1 vol4 i4 pp4 #bgf1 #bhc4 ,,cornwall4 ,:itsuntide is obs]v$ at ,polp]ro by a cu/om ( ! "y p go+ 9 droves into ! c\ntry to p>take ( milk & cream4--,n4 ,q4 #a/ ,s4 vol4 xii4 p4 #bih4 ,c>ew 9 8 ,survey ( ,cornwall 7p4 #fh71 speak+ ( ! *ur* ale1 says t 8two "y m5 ( ! p>i% are y]ely *os5 by _! la/ =ego]s to be w>d5s1 :o1 divid+ ! task1 make collection among ! p>i%ion]s ( :atsoev] provision x please? !m volunt>ily to be/[4 ,?is !y employ 9 brew+1 bak+1 & o!r acates provisions aga9/ ,:itsuntide2 ^u :i* holy-days ! neighb\rs meet at ! *ur*-h\se1 & !re m]rily fe$ on _! owne victuals1 contribut+ "s petty portion to ! /ock1 :i*1 by _m smalls1 gr[e? to a meetly greatness2 = !re is ent]tayn$ a k9d ( emulation betwe5 ^! w>d5s1 :o1 by 8 graci\sness 9 ga!r+ & good husb&ry 9 exp5d+1 c be/ advance ! *ur*e's pr(it4 ,besides1 ! neighb\r p>i%es at ^? times lov+ly visit ea* "o ano!r & ?is way frankly sp5d _! money toge!r4 ,! aft]noones are consum$ 9 su* ex]cises z olde & yong folke 7hav+ leisure7 doe accu/omably we>e out ! "t )all4 ,:5 ! fea/ is end$1 ! w>d5s yeeld 9 _! acc\nt to ! p>i%ion]s1 & su* money z exce$e? ! disbursem5t is layd up 9 /ore1 to defray any extraord9>y *>ges aris+ 9 ! p>i% or impos$ on !m = ! good ( ! c\ntry or ! pr9ce's s]vice1 nei!r ( :i* commonly gripe s mu* b t some:at /ill remayne? to cov] ! purse's bottom40 ,?is cu/om is fall+ into desuetude1 if x be n already discont9u$4--,see ,n4 ,q4 #a/ ,s4 vol4 xii4 #bih4 ,,cumb]l&4 ,at ?is season1 & also at ,m>t9mas1 are held hir+s = f>m]s' s]vants4 ,^? :o (f] _! s]vices /& 9 a body 9 ! m>ket-place1 & to di/+ui% !mselves hold a bit ( /raw or gre5 bran* 9 _! m\?s4 ,:5 ! m>ket is ov] ! girls beg9 to file (f1 & g5tly pace ! /reets ) a view ( ga9+ admir]s1 :ile ! "y m51 ) simil> designs1 foll[ !m1 &1 hav+ ey$ ! lasses1 ea* picks up a swee!>t1 :om !y conduct to a danc+-room1 & treat ) pun* & cake4 ,"h !y sp5d _! aft]noon1 & "p ( _! half-ye>'s wages1 9 dr9k+ & danc+1 unless1 z x frequ5tly happ5s1 a girl becomes ! subject ( cont5tion1 :5 ! h>mony ( ! meet+ is int]rupt$1 & ! c&idates = h] affection settle ! dispute by bl[s )\t fur!r c]emony4 ,:oev] w9s ! victory secures ! maid = ! pres5t1 b %e is sometimes f9ally won by ! vanqui%$ pugili/4 ,:5 ! div]sions ( ! day are conclud$1 ! s]vants g5]ally return to _! homes1 :]e !y pass ab\t a week be=e !y ent] on _! respective s]vices4--,britton & ,brayley1 ,beauties ( ,engl& & ,wales1 #ahjc1 vol4 iii4 p4 #bdc4 ,,essex4 ,heybridge ,*ur*1 ne> ,maldon1 0 =m]ly /rewn ) ru%es1 & r\nd ! pews1 9 holes made app>5tly = ! purpose1 7 plac$ small twigs j budd+4--,n4 ,q4 #bnd ,s4 vol4 i4 p4 #dga4 ,,gl\ce/]%ire4 ,at ,/4 ,briavels1 aft] div9e s]vice1 =m]ly1 pieces ( bread & *eese 7 di/ribut$ to ! congregation at *ur*4 ,to defray ! exp5ses1 e h\sehold] 9 ! p>i% paid a p5ny to ! *ur*w>d5s1 & ?is 0 said to be = ! lib]ty ( cutt+ & tak+ ! wood 9 ,hudnalls4 ,accord+ to tradition1 ! privilege 0 obta9$ ( "s ,e>l ( ,h]e=d1 !n "l ( ! ,=e/ ( ,dean1 at ! in/ance ( 8 lady1 ^u ! same h>d t]ms t ,lady ,godiva obta9$ ! privileges = ! citiz5s ( ,cov5try4--,rudd]1 ,hi/ory ( ,gl\ce/]%ire1 #aggi1 p4 #cjg4 ,see ,n4 ,q4 #bnd ,s4 vol4 x4 p4 #ahd4 ,a remnant ( ! old cu/oms ( ,:itsuntide is reta9$ at ! noble old *ur* ( ,/4 ,m>y ,r$cliffe1 ,bri/ol1 :i* is annually /rewn ) ru%es 9 accordance ) anci5t practice4--,see ,edw>ds1 ,old ,engli% ,cu/oms & ,*>ities1 pp4 #baf1 #bag4 ,a cu/om exi/$ at ,wickham = ! "l ( ! manor to give a c]ta9 quantity ( malt to brew ale to be giv5 away at ,:itsuntide1 & a c]ta9 quantity ( fl\r to make cakes4 ,e "o :o kept a c[ s5t curd2 o!rs1 plums1 sug> & fl\r4 ,a contribution ( sixp5ce f ea* p]son 0 levi$ = furni%+ an ent]ta9m5t1 to :i* e poor p]son ( ! p>i% :o came 0 pres5t$ ) a qu>t ( ale1 a cake1 a piece ( *eese1 & a *eesecake4--,rudd]1 ,hi/ory ( ,gl\ce/]%ire1 #aggi1 p4 #hag4 ,,hamp%ire4 ,at ,monk ,%]borne1 ne> ,bas+/oke1 bo? ! ,priory & p>i% *ur*es 7 decorat$ ) bir* on ,:itsunday4--,n4 ,q4 #d? ,s4 vol4 ii4 p4 #aij4 ,,h]e=d%ire4 ,on ,:itsunday1 says a correspond5t ( ,n4 ,q4 7#d? ,s4 vol4 i4 p4 #eea71 ,i 0 9 ! *ur* ( ,k+'s ,pion1 ne> ,h]e=d1 & 0 /ruck ) :at seem$ to me a novel /yle ( *ur* decoration4 ,e pew corn] & 8po9t ( vantage0 0 ornam5t$ ) a sprig ( bir*1 ! light gre5 leaves ( :i* contra/$ well ) ! sombr5ess ( ! woodwork4 ,no o!r fl[] or foliage 0 to be se5 9 ! *ur*4 ,,nor?ampton%ire4 ,miss ,bak] 7,gloss>y ( ,nor?ampton%ire ,words1 #ahed1 vol4 ii4 p4 #dcc7 describes ! celebration ( a ,:itsun-ale e>ly 9 ! pres5t c5tury 9 a b>n at ,k+'s ,sutton1 fitt$ up = ! ent]ta9m5t1 9 :i* ! "l1 z ! pr9cipal1 c>ri$ a mace made ( silk1 f9ely plait$ ) ribbons1 & fill$ ) spices & p]fumes = su* ( ! company to smell z desir$ x2 six morris danc]s 7 among ! p]=m]s4 ,9 a ,:itsun-ale1 la/ kept at ,greatwor? 9 #aghe1 ! fool1 9 a motley g>b1 ) a gridiron pa9t$1 or work$ ) a ne$le1 on 8 back1 c>ri$ a /ick ) a bladd]1 & a calf's tail4 ,majordomo & 8 lady z ,que5 ( ,may1 & my "l's morris 7six 9 numb]7 7 9 ?is procession4 ,!y danc$ r\nd a g>l&$ maypole4 ,a banquet 0 s]v$ 9 a b>n1 & all ^? :o misconduct$ !mselves 7 oblig$ to ride a wood5 horse1 & if /ill m unruly 7 put into ! /ocks1 :i* 0 t]m$ be+ my "l's organi/4--,gloss>y1 c41 p4 #dcd4 ,,nor?umb]l&4 ,an un*>t]$ ,:itsun ,try/e ,fair is /ill held annually on ,:itsunbank ,hill1 ne> ,wool]4--,n4 ,q4 #e? ,s4 vol4 i4 p4 #djb4 ,,ox=d%ire4 ,a cu/om =m]ly prevail$ among/ ! p ( ,bur=d to hunt de] 9 ,wy*wood ,=e/4 ,an orig9al lett]1 9 ! possession ( ! corporation1 dat$ #aeic1 directs ! inhabitants to =be> ! hunt+ = t ye>1 on acc\nt ( ! plague t 0 !n rag+1 & /ates an ord] t %\ld be giv5 to ! keep]s ( ! =e/1 to deliv] to ! bailiffs two bucks 9 lieu ( ! hunt+2 :i* privilege1 0 n1 h[ev]1 to be prejudic$ 9 future by its remittance on t occasion4--,br&1 ,pop4 ,antiq4 #ahdi1 vol4 i4 p4 #bhd4 ,,som]set%ire4 ,coll9son1 9 8 ,hi/ory ( ,som]set%ire 7vol4 iii4 p4 #fbj71 speak+ ( ,yatton1 says t1 8,john ,lane ( ?is p>i%1 g5tleman1 left half an acre ( gr\nd1 call$ ! ,groves1 to ! poor = ev]1 res]v+ a quantity ( ! grass = ! /rew+ *ur* on ,:itsunday40 ,,irel&4 ,! ,iri% kept ! fea/ ( ,:itsuntide ) milk food1 z among ! ,hebrews2 & a breakfa/ compos$ ( cake1 bread1 & a liquor made by hot wat] p\r$ on :eat5 bran4--,e ,day ,book1 vol4 i4 p4 #fhe4 ,at ,holy ,isl&1 z regul>ly z ! season ( ,:itsuntide comes1 a conc\rse ( p is assembl$ to p]=m p5ance4 ,!y make two hundr$ & eighty r\nds1 ! circumf]5ce ( "s be+ a mile1 o!rs half a mile1 till !y are gradually dim9i%$ to a circuit ( ! *ur* ( ,/4 ,m>y4 ,a detail$ & probably mu* exagg]at$ acc\nt ( ! sc5e ^u ?is occasion w be f\nd 9 ,h>dy's ,holy ,wells ( ,irel&1 #ahcf1 p4 #bi4 ,,may #aa4 ,,:itsun ,,monday4 ,,*e%ire4 ,! ,:itsun ,my/]ies 7 act$ at ,*e/]1 sev5 or eight on ea* day dur+ ! ,monday1 ,tuesday & ,w$nesday 9 ,:itsun week4 ,! drap]s1 = in/ance1 exhibit$ ! 8,creation20 ! tann]s took ! 8,fall ( ,lucif]20 ! wat]-c>ri]s ( ! ,dee reproduc$ ! 8,deluge20 ! cooks _h ! 8,h>r[+ ( ,hell40 ,! p]=m]s 7 c>ri$ f "o /ation to ano!r by means ( a movable scaffold1 a huge & pond]\s ma*9e m\nt$ on :eels1 gaily decorat$ ) flags1 & divid$ into two comp>tm5ts1 ! upp] ( :i* =m$ ! /age1 & ! l[]1 def5d$ f vulg> curiosity by co>se canvas drap]ies1 answ]$ ! purposes ( ! gre5-room4 ,! p]=m]s began at ! ,abbey gates1 :]e !y 7 witness$ by ! high dignit>ies ( ! ,*ur*2 !y !n proce$$ to ! ,high ,cross1 :]e ! ,mayor & ! civic magnates 7 assembl$2 & s on1 ?r\gh ! city1 until _! motley hi/ory ( ,god & ,8 deal+s ) man _h be5 play$ out4 ,! production ( ^! pageants 0 co/ly2 ea* my/]y has be5 set d[n at fifte5 or tw5ty p\nds1 pres5t money4 ,! dresses 7 obta9$ f ! *ur*es1 until1 ?is practice be+ d5\nc$ z sc&al\s1 ! guilds _h !n to provide ! co/ume & o!r prop]ties4--,see ,ed9burgh ,essays1 #ahef2 also ,book ( ,days1 vol4 i4 pp4 #fcc-fcg4 ,,d]by%ire4 ,d]by hav+ = _m c5turies be5 celebrat$ = its ale1 :i* ,camd5 says 0 made "h 9 su* p]fection1 t w9e mu/ be v good to des]ve a pref]5ce1 & ,full] rem>ks1 8,nev] 0 ! w9e ( ,fal]num bett] kn[n to ! ,romans ?an ! can>y ( ,d]by is to ! ,engli%10 x is n a matt] ( surprise to f9d "s remnants ( ! ,:itsun-ales 9 ! neighb\rhood4 ,9 a manuscript 9 ! ,bodleian ,libr>y is a record ( ! ,:itsun-ales at ,elva/on & ,ockbrook1 f :i* x appe>s t !y 7 =m]ly requir$ to brew f\r ales ( a qu>t] ( malt ea*4 ,e inhabitant ( ,ockbrook 0 oblig$ to be pres5t at ea* ale2 e husb& & 8 wife to pay twop5ce1 & e cottag] "o p5ny2 ! inhabitants ( ,elva/on1 ,?urla/on1 & ,amba/on to receive all ! pr(its & advantages aris+ f ! ales to ! use & behalf ( ! *ur* at ,elva/on4 ,! inhabitants ( ,elva/on1 ,?urla/on1 & ,amba/on to brew eight ales1 ea* inhabitant to be pres5t z be=e1 or to s5d _! money4--,j\r4 ( ! ,ar*4 ,assoc4 #aheb1 vol4 vii4 p4 #bjf4 ,,hamp%ire4 ,at ,/4 ,m>y's ,college1 ,w9*e/]1 ! ,dulce ,domum is sung on ! ev5+ prec$+ ! ,:itsun holidays2 ! ma/]s1 s*ol>s1 & *ori/]s1 att5d$ by a b& ( music1 walk 9 procession r\nd ! c\rts ( ! ,college1 s++ x4--,br&1 ,pop4 ,antiq41 #ahdi1 vol4 i4 p4 #deb4 ,see ,g5t4 ,mag41 #ahaa1 vol4 lxxxi4 p4 #ejc4 ,,lanca%ire4 ,a correspond5t ( ! ,g5t4 ,mag4 7#aghc1 vol4 liii4 p4 #egh7 says !re seems to be a trace ( ! desc5t ( ! ,holy ,gho/ on ! heads ( ! ,apo/les 9 :at passes at ,:itsuntide ,fair1 9 "s p>ts ( ,lanca%ire1 :]e "o p]son holds a /ick ov] ! head ( ano!r1 :il/ a ?ird1 unp]ceiv$1 /rikes ! /ick1 & ?us gives a sm>t bl[ to ! fir/4 ,,leice/]%ire4 ,a fair us$ to be held on ,:itsun ,monday at ,h9ckley1 :5 ! mill]s f v>i\s p>ts ( ! c\ntry walk$ 9 procession dress$ 9 ribbons1 ) :at !y call$ ! ,k+ ( ! ,mill]s at _! head4 ,a writ] 79 #aghg7 describ+ "o ( ^! fairs says3 ,to ! old c]emony ( rid+ mill]s1 _m improvem5ts 7 made ^u a m ext5sive & significant plan3 sev]al p]sonages introduc$ t bore allusions to ! manufacture1 & 7 connect$ ) ! place4 ,old ,hugo ,b>on de ,gr5temaisnel1 :o made 8 fir/ appe>ance 9 #aghf1 arm$ 9 light & easy pa/ebo>d arm\r1 0 ?is second "t arm$ cap-a-pie 9 heavy s9k] plate1 ) pike & %ield1 on ! latt] ! arms ( ! t[n4 ,! repres5tative b>on ( ,h9ckley _h ! satisfaction ( be+ accompani$ by 8 lady1 ! ,b>oness ,adeliza1 habit$ 9 ! true antique /yle1 ) /eeple hat1 ruff-po9ts1 mantle1 c41 all 9 suitable col\rs2 ea* rid+ on nimble :ite /e$s prop]ly cap>ison$2 !y 7 prec$$ by ! t[n bann]1 & two r$ /ream]s embroid]$ ) _! respective names4 ,sev]al b&s ( music gave *e]ful _s to ! pageant1 b m p>ticul>ly ! militia b& f ,leice/]4 ,! frame-"w knitt]s1 wool-comb]s1 but*]s1 c>p5t]s1 c41 _h ea* _! plays1 & rode 9 companies be>+ devices or allusions to _! diff]5t trades4 ,two *>act]s1 well support$1 7 ,bi%op ,blaise & 8 *apla91 :o figur$ at ! head ( ! wool-comb]s4 ,9 _! tra91 appe>$ a pretty innoc5t "y pair1 a g5tle %eph]d & %eph]dess3 ! latt] c>ry+ a lamb1 ! emblem ( h] little self m ?an ( ! trade4 ,"s o!r little folks1 well dress$1 7 m\nt$ on ponies1 hold+ in/rum5ts1 ! m>ks ( _! fa!rs' bus9esses1 & ornam5t$ ) ribbons ( all col\rs wav+ 9 ! air4--,see ,ni*ols1 ,hi/ory ( ,h9ckley1 #ahac1 p4 #fgh4 ,?rosby1 9 8 ,hi/ory ( ,leice/] 7#agia1 vol4 iii4 p4 #he71 gives ! foll[+ acc\nt ( a cu/om obs]v$ 9 8 "t at ,ratby4 ,he says3--,!re %all be two p]sons *os5 annually1 by a majority1 to be call$ cat]]s1 :i* %all on e ,:it ,monday g to ,leice/]1 to :at inn !y %all ?9k prop]1 :]e a calf's head %all be provid$ = _! breakfa/2 & :5 ! bones are pick$ clean1 !y are to be put into a di% & s]v$ up ) ! d9n]4 ,likewise1 ! innkeep] is to provide two l>ge ri* pies1 = ! cat]]s to take home1 t _! families may p>take ( "s ( _! fe/ivity4 ,likewise1 !re %all be provid$ = e p]son a %ort silk lace1 tagg$ at bo? ends ) silv]1 :i*1 :5 s equipp$1 !y %all all proce$ to ,end]by1 & sell ! grass ( ! ,we!r 7a mead[ s call$7 to ! be/ bidd]2 f !nce !y %all g to ! mead[1 & all dism\nt1 & ea* p]son %all take a small piece ( grass f ! be=e-m5tion$ ,we!r1 & tie x r\nd ) _! tagg$ lace1 & we> x 9 _! hats1 & ride 9 procession to ! ,high ,cross 9 ,leice/]1 & !re ?r[ !m among ! populace2 f !nce proce$ to _! inn1 & g 9 procession to ,/4 ,m>y's ,*ur*1 :]e a s]mon %all be prea*$ = ! b5efit ( ! hospital f\nd$ by ,h5ry1 ,e>l ( ,leice/]4 ,:5 s]vice is ov]1 a de$ %all be read ov] by ! cl]gyman1 conc]n+ ! gift ( ! above ,we!r1 & ! *ur* %all be /uck ) fl[]s4 ,:5 ! c]emony is ov]1 !y are to return to _! inn to d9n]1 & close ! day ) mir? & fe/ivity4 ,,nor?ampton%ire4 ,at ,corby ne> ,rock+ham1 e tw5tie? ye>1 ! inhabitants assemble at an e>ly h\r1 & /op up all roads & bye-ways 9 ! p>i%1 & dem& a c]ta9 toll ( e p]son1 g5tle or simple1 :o may h occasion to pass ?r\gh ! village on t day4 ,9 case ( non-compliance a /\t pole is produc$1 & ! noncon=mi/ is plac$ !reon1 9 a rid+ attitude1 c>ri$ ?r\gh ! village1 & tak5 to ! p>i% /ocks & imprison$ until ! au?orities *oose to grant a dismissal4 ,x appe>s t ,que5 ,elizabe? grant$ to ! inhabitants ( ,corby a *>t] to free !m f t[n toll ?r\gh\t ,engl&1 ,wales1 & ,scotl&2 & also to exempt !m f s]v+ on juries at ,nor?ampton1 & to free ! knights ( ! %ire f ! militia law4 ,?is cu/om ( tak+ toll has be5 obs]v$ e tw5ty ye>s 9 commemoration ( ! grant+ ( ! *>t]4--,n4 ,q4 #crd ,s4 vol4 i4 p4 #dbd4 ,,ox=d%ire4 ,until )9 ! la/ c5tury1 a cu/om prevail$ 9 ! p>i% ( ,en%am1 by :i* ! t[ns-p 7 all[$ on ,:itsun ,monday to cut d[n & c>ry away z mu* timb] z c\ld be drawn by m5's h&s into ! ,abbey y>d1 ! *ur*w>d5s previ\sly m>k+ out su* timb] by giv+ ! fir/ *op2 s mu* z !y c\ld c>ry out aga91 not)/&+ ! opposition ( ! s]vants ( ! ,abbey to prev5t x1 !y 7 to keep = ! rep>ation ( ! *ur*4 ,by ?is s]vice !y held _! "r ( commonage at ,lammas & ,mi*aelmas1 b ab\t ! beg9n+ ( la/ c5tury ?is practice 0 laid aside by mutual cons5t4--,e ,day ,book1 vol4 ii4 p4 #ffi4 ,,%rop%ire4 ,an old cu/om1 call$ ! 8,boy's ,bailiff10 =m]ly prevail$ at ,w5lock1 9 ,:itsun week4 ,x consi/$ ( a man :o wore a hair-clo? g[n1 & 0 call$ ! bailiff1 a record]1 ju/ices1 & o!r municipal (fic]s4 ,!re 7 a l>ge ret9ue ( m5 & boys m\nt$ on horseback1 begirt ) wood5 swords1 :i* !y c>ri$ on _! "r sides1 s t !y 7 oblig$ to draw _! swords out ) _! left h&s4 ,!y us$ to call at ! g5tlem5's h\ses 9 ! fran*ise1 :]e !y 7 regal$ ) refre%m5t2 & !y aft]w>ds assembl$ at ! ,guildhall1 :]e ! t[n cl]k read "s sort ( rigm>ole :i* !y call$ _! *>t]1 "o "p ( :i* 0-- 8,we g f ,bickbury1 & ,badg]1 to ,/oke on ! ,clee1 ,to ,monkhopton1 ,r\nd ,acton1 & s return we40 ,! fir/ ?ree nam$ places are ! extreme po9ts ( ! fran*ise1 & ! o!r two are on ! return to ,mu* ,w5lock4 ,?is cu/om is suppos$ to h orig9at$ 9 go+ a bann]+4--,br&1 ,pop4 ,antiq41 #ahdi1 vol4 i4 p4 #bhd4 ,,/af=d%ire4 ,! ,c\rt ( ,array1 or view ( m5 & arms1 0 held on ,:itsun ,monday 9 ! vic9ity ( ,li*field1 call$ ,gre5hill1 :]e e h\sehold] fail+ to answ] 8 "n :5 call$ f ! doz5]s' li/ 0 f9$ a p5ny4 ,! orig9 ( ?is s+ul> c]emony is unkn[n2 x exi/$ long be=e ! *>t]s ( incorporation1 & may p]haps be ! rema9s ( ! commissions ( array issu$ 9 ! "t ( ,h5ry ,v41 :o ord]$ e man to keep 9 8 possession arms & arm\r1 accord+ to 8 goods & /ation 9 life1 :5ce ! enrolm5t ( a regul> arm\r took place4 ,^! /atutes ( array 7 repeal$4 ,some?+1 h[ev]1 l ! old cu/om 0 cont9u$1 & a boo? erect$ = ?is purpose1 9 :i* ! magi/rates receiv$ all ! inhabitants :o *ose to visit !m1 & p>take ( a collation provid$ = t purpose4 ,! bus9ess ( ! day comm5c$ ab\t eight o'clock 9 ! morn+1 :5 ! con/ables1 att5d$ by arm$ m5 we>+ _! col\rs ( di/9ction1 ) drums beat+1 prec$$ by morris danc]s1 ) ! ,maid ,m>ian1 tabor & pipe1 c41 conduct$ ! bailiffs & %]iff1 & o!r city (fic]s1 to ! b[]1 :]e !y 7 receiv$ ) a salute f ! m5 at arms4 ,! con/able !n return$ to collect ! doz5]s ) _! /&>ds or posies1 :o1 ) ! inhabitants ( ea* sep>ate w>d1 7 ) l c]emonies conduct$ to ! b[]4 ,! posies 7 probably orig9ally images ( sa9ts3 !y aft]w>ds became emblems ( trades1 or 9 _m in/ances m]e puppets or g>l&s borne ^u ! heads ( _! anci5t halb]ds2 ^! 7 9 e w>d receiv$ ) a volley f ! m5 at arms1 :o also fir$ ov] e sep>ate h\se1 = :i* !y receiv$ money & liquor f ! inhabitants4 ,gre5hill 0 on ^! occasions cr[n$ ) %[s1 boo?s1 & /alls1 & ! day 0 reg>d$ z a fe/ival = ! city & neighb\rhood4 ,ab\t n9e o'clock 9 ! ev5+1 ! :ole ( ! posies be+ collect$1 a procession 0 =m$ to conduct !m to :at 0 call$ ! *ri/5+1 & 0 9 ! foll[+ ord]3-- ,tabor & pipe decorat$ ) rib&s4 ,tom fool & ,maid ,m>ian4 ,morrice danc]s1 danc+ s>ab&s1 cla%+ _! /aves4 ,two capta9s ( ! arm$ m54 ,tw5ty-f\r arm$ m5 ) drums4 ,tw5ty-"o doz5]s ) /&>ds or posies4 ,two con/ables4 ,gaol]4 ,%]iff4 ,s]jeants at ,mace & ,t[n ,cri]4 ,bailiffs1 & ,t[n ,cl]k4 ,citiz5s1 inhabitants1 c4 ,on arriv+ at ! door ( ,/4 ,m>y's ,*ur*1 aft] pass+ up ,bo> ,/reet1 & d[n ,sadl] ,/reet1 an address 0 made by ! t[n cl]k1 recomm5d+ a peaceable demean\r1 & wat*ful att5dance to _! duty2 & a volley be+ fir$ ov] ! posies ! bus9ess ( ! day end$4 ,at "o "t ! images 7 deposit$ 9 ! belfry ( ! adjo9+ *ur*1 f :i* x may be conclud$ t ! orig9 ( ?is procession 0 religi\s4 ,?is cu/om 0 aboli%$ by ! magi/rates 9 #ahje1 at :i* "t ! exp5se 0 annually ab\t #gj2 b 0 aft]w>ds 9 "s degree cont9u$ by private subscription4--,acc\nt ( ,li*field1 #ahah1 #ahai1 p4 #hg4 ,s\!y1 9 8 ,common ,place ,book 7#ahdi1 #bnd ,s4 p4 #ccf71 gives ! foll[+ extract f ,mrs4 ,fi5ne's ,,mss3-- 8,at ,li*field !y h a cu/om at ,:itsuntide1 ye ,monday & ,tuesday1 call$ ! ,gre5 ,b[] ,fea/1 by :i* !y hold _! *>t]4 ,! bailiff & %]iff assi/ at ! c]emony ( dress+ up babies ) g>l&s ( fl[]s & gre5s1 & c>ry !m 9 procession ?r\gh all ! /reets1 & !n assemble !mselves at ! m>ket-place1 & s g 9 a solemn procession ?r\gh ! great /reet to a hill beyond ! t[n1 :]e is a l>ge gre5 b[] made1 9 :i* !y h _! fea/4 ,_m small] b[]s are made ar\nd = company1 & = boo?s to sell fruit1 sweetmeats1 g+]-bread10 c4 ,,wales4 ,at ,t5by a wom5's b5efit club walk$ 9 procession to *ur* ) b& & bann]s be=e !m & bun*es ( fl[]s 9 _! h&s4 ,aft] ! s]vice !y d9$1 & w\nd up ! ev5+ by danc+4--,mason's ,tales & ,traditions ( ,t5by1 #aheh1 p4 #bc4 ,,may #ab4 ,,:itsun ,,tuesday4 ,,b$=d%ire4 ,at ,bidd5ham !re is an anci5t cu/om>y donation ( a quantity ( malt1 made at ,:itsuntide by ! proprietor ( ,kemp/on ,mill1 ne> ! p>i%4 ,! malt is always deliv]$ to ! ov]se]s ( ! poor = ! "t be+1 & brew$ by !m into ale1 :i* is di/ribut$ among all ! poor inhabitants ( ,bidd5ham on ,:it ,tuesday4--,old ,engli% ,cu/oms & ,*>ities1 #ahdb1 p4 #fe4 ,,buck+ham%ire4 ,! ,eton ,montem 0 a long celebrat$ & "t-hon\r$ c]emony peculi> to ,eton1 & said to h be5 coeval ) ! f\ndation ( ! college1 & 0 obs]v$ bi5nially b latt]ly tri5nially d[n to ! ye> #ahdd1 :5 x 0 totally aboli%$4 ,x 0 a procession ( ! s*ol>s dress$ ei!r 9 milit>y or fancy co/ume1 to a small m\nt on ! s\? side ( ! ,ba? ,road 7suppos$ to be a ,briti% or ,saxon b>r[71 :]e !y exact$ money = salt1 z ! phrase 01 f all p]sons pres5t1 & f travell]s pass+4 ,! c]emony 0 call$ ! ,montem4 ,! procession ( boys1 accompani$ by b&s ( music1 & c>ry+ /&>ds1 0 usually foll[$ by _m old ,etonians1 & ev5 by memb]s ( ! royal family--9 "s cases by ! k+ & que54 ,arriv$ at ,salt-hill1 ! boys asc5d$ ! 8mons10 or m\nt1 ! 8capta90 unfold$ ! gr& /&>d1 & deliv]$ a spee* 9 ,lat91 & ! 8salt0 0 collect$4 ,! pr9cipal 8salt-be>]s0 7 sup]bly dress$1 & c>ri$ embroid]$ bags = ! money4 ,! donation ( ! k+ & que5 0 call$ ! 8royal salt10 & tickets 7 giv5 to ^? :o _h paid _! salt4#ei ,imm5se numb]s ( p us$ to assemble to witness ! procession1 & ! money collect$ frequ5tly exce$$ #ajjj4 ,aft] d$uct+ ! necess>y exp5ses1 ! rema9d] 0 giv5 to ! s5ior s*ol>1 :o 0 elect$ to ,cambridge1 = 8 support at t ,univ]sity4 #ei ,! mottoes on ! tickets v>i$ 9 diff]5t ye>s4 ,9 #aggc1 ! words 7 8,ad ,montem20 9 #agha & #aghg 8,mos pro lege e/20 9 #agij1 #agif1 #ahjh1 #ahab1 8,pro m et monte20 & 9 #agii & #ahje1 8,mos pro lege40--,br&1 ,pop4 ,antiq41 #ahdi1 vol4 i4 p4 #dcf4 ,! orig9 ( ?is cu/om1 not)/&+ mu* antiqu>ian rese>*1 is unkn[n4 ,"s1 h[ev]1 are ( op9ion t x 0 id5tical ) ! bairn or boy-bi%op4 ,x orig9ally took place on ! #f? ( ,decemb]1 ! fe/ival ( ,/4 ,ni*olas 7! patron ( *ildr52 be+ ! day on :i* x 0 cu/om>y at ,salisbury1 & 9 o!r places :]e ! c]emony 0 obs]v$1 to elect ! boy-bi%op1 f among ! *ildr5 belong+ to ! ca!dral71 b aft]w>ds x 0 held on ,:itsun ,tuesday4--,%eahan1 ,hi/ory ( ,buck+ham%ire1 #ahfb1 p4 #hfb2 ,lysons' ,magna ,britannia1 #ahac1 vol4 i4 pt4 ii4 p4 #eeh2 ,g5t4 ,mag41 #ahbj1 vol4 xc4 p4 #ee2 ,see ,n4 ,q4 #a/ ,s41 vol i4 pp4 #aaj1 #cbb2 #bnd ,s4 vol4 ii4 p4 #adf4 ,,cumb]l&4 ,! t5 pr9cipal e/ates 9 ! p>i% ( ,hesket 7 =m]ly call$ ,r$ ,spe>s1 f ! titles ( ! own]s1 obta9$ f ! curi\s t5ure ( rid+ ?r\gh ! t[n ( ,p5ri? on e ,:itsun ,tuesday1 br&i%+ _! spe>s4 ,^! ,r$-,spe> ,knights seem to h be5 reg>d$ z sureties to ! %]iff = ! peaceable behavi\r ( ! inhabitants4--,britton & ,brayley1 ,beauties ( ,engl& & ,wales1 #ahjb1 vol4 iii4 p4 #aga4 ,,middlesex4 ,on ! ev5+ ( ,:itsun ,tuesday1 a s]mon is annually prea*$ 9 ! anci5t *ur* ( ,/4 ,james1 ,mitre ,c\rt1 ,aldgate1 ,london1 f a text hav+ special ref]5ce to fl[]s4 ,?is is popul>ly call$ ! 8,fl[] s]mon40--,kal5d> ( ! ,engli% ,*ur*1 #ahfe1 p4 #gd4 ,on ?is day is deliv]$ 9 ,/4 ,leon>d's ,*ur*1 ,%or$it*1 a 8,botanical s]mon0--! ,fair*ild ,lecture1--= :i* purpose funds 7 left by ,?omas ,fair*ild1 :o di$ 9 #agbi4 ,x 0 =m]ly ! cu/om ( ! ,presid5t & sev]al ,fell[s ( ! ,royal ,society to he> ?is s]mon prea*$4--,timbs' ,some?+ = ,ev]ybody1 #ahfa1 p4 #hj4 ,,scotl&4 ,! cu/om ( 8rid+ ! m>*es0 exi/$ at ,lan>k1 & took place annually on ! day aft] ,:itsun ,fair1 by ! magi/rates & burgesses1 kn[n by ! "n ( ! ,langem>k or ,l&sm>k ,day1 f ! ,saxon langem>k4#fj--,s9clair's ,/at4 ,acc4 ( ,scotl&1 #agie1 vol4 xv4 p4 #de4 #fj ,see ,rid+ ! ,m>*es1 p4 #cjg4 ,,may #ad4 ,,coteswold ,,games4 ,! vic9ity ( ,*ipp+ ,campd5 0 ! !atre ( ! ,coteswold ,games1 :i*1 9 ! reign ( ,james ,i4 & 8 un=tunate successor1 7 celebrat$ 9 ?is "p ( ,engl&4 ,!y 7 in/itut$ by a public-spirit$ attorney ( ,burton-on-!-,hea?1 9 ,w>wick%ire1 nam$ ,rob]t ,dov]1 & l ! ,olympic games ( ! anci5ts1 consi/$ ( mo/ k9ds ( manly ex]cises4 ,! victors 7 rew>d$ by prizes1 di/ribut$ by ! in/itutor1 :o1 array$ 9 a disc>d$ habit ( ,james'1 sup]9t5d$ ! games 9 p]son = _m ye>s4 ,! meet+s 7 annually held on ,:itsun ,?ursday1 & 7 frequ5tly att5d$ by an imm5se numb] ( p4 ,b5 ,jonson1 ,drayton1 & o!r poets#fa ( t age1 wrote v]ses on ?is fe/ivity1 :i*1 9 #afcf1 7 collect$ into "o volume1 & publi%$ "u ! title ( ,annalia ,dubr5sia4 #fa ,?omas ,r&olph1 ,?omas ,heywood1 ,ow5 ,fel?am1 & ,%ack]ly ,m>myon4 ,^! div]sities 7 at l5g? t]m9at$ by ! break+ out ( ! civil w>s1 b 7 reviv$ at ! ,re/oration2 & ! memory ( _! f\nd] is /ill pres]v$ 9 ! "n ,dov]'s ,hill1 appli$ to an em95ce ( ! ,cotswold range1 ab\t a mile f ! village ( ,campd54--,britton & ,brayley1 ,beauties ( ,engl& & ,wales1 #ahjc1 vol4 v4 p4 #fee2 see ,book ( ,days1 vol4 i4 #gab4 ,,may #af4 ,,norfolk4 ,9 ! p>i% ( ,rockl&1 annually on ! #af? ( ,may1 a sort ( c\ntry fair is held1 call$ by ! villag]s ! 8,guild10 & :i* is evid5tly a relic ( ! ,guild ( ,/4 ,john ! ,bapti/1 held "h 9 ,/4 ,pet]'s ,*ur* be=e ! ,re=mation4 ,on ?is occasion a mayor ( ! ,guild is elect$1 & he is *air$ ab\t ! ?ree p>i%es ( ,rockl&1 & ga!rs l>gess1 :i* is aft]w>ds sp5t 9 a frolic4 ,!re is ano!r antique cu/om connect$ ) ! guild :i* yet obta9s3 ! inhabitants ( c]ta9 h\ses 9 ! 8,/reet0 h ! privilege ( hang+ oak5-b\ghs outside _! doors 7& _! h\ses are !nce call$ 8b\gh h\ses071 & on ! day ( ! guild !y draw home-brew$ ale = all cu/om]s1 & are n int]f]$ ) = s do+1 ei!r by ! village lic5s$ publican or ! excise au?orities4--,n4 4 ,q4 #bnd ,s4 vol4 vii4 p4 #dej4 ,,eel ,,fair4 ,,surrey4 ,ab\t ! middle ( ,may !re is an annual migration ( "y eels up ! ,?ames at ,k+/on4 ,!y appe> 9 %oals1 giv+ to ! m>g9 ( ! riv] an appe>ance n altoge!r agreeable2 b _! orig9 & de/9ation are alike matt] ( conjecture4 ,x is reasonably suppos$ t ^! sw>ms migrate f ! lakes 9 ,ri*mond ,p>k1 :]e imm5se numb]s are annually br$1 & t !y desc5d ! riv]s1 /ock+ ! creeks & /reams = "s miles above ! t[n4 ,!re is g5]ally a cr[d ( eag] m51 wom51 & *ildr51 provid$ ) e possible vessel :]e9 to cat* ! slipp]y prey on ! fir/ intimation ( _! approa*2 & ! animat$ sc5e has caus$ ! occasion to be call$ ,eel ,fair4--,bid51 ,hi/ory ( ,k+/on-^u-,?ames1 #aheb1 p4 #abh4 ,,may #ag4 ,,tr9ity ,,sunday4 ,its obs]vance is said to h fir/ be5 e/abli%$ by ,ar*bi%op ,becket1 soon aft] 8 consecration4 8,hic po/ consecrationem suam in/ituit fe/ivitatem pr9cipalem ,s4 ,tr9itatis annis s+ulis 9 p]petuam celebr&am1 quo die primam missam suam celebravit40--,:>ton1 ,h41 ,anglia ,sacra1 #afia1 fol4 pt4 i4 p4 #h4 ,x is /ill cu/om>y = ! judges & great law-(fic]s ( ! ,cr[n1 toge!r ) ! ,"l ,mayor1 ,ald]m51 & ,common ,c\ncil1 to att5d ,div9e ,s]vice at ,/4 ,paul's ,ca!dral1 & he> a s]mon4 ,on ,tr9ity ,sunday1 =m]ly1 processions ( *ildr51 ) g>l&s ( fl[]s & ribbons1 7 common4--,timbs' ,some?+ = ,ev]ybody1 #ahfa1 p4 #hc4 ,,l9coln%ire4 ,! p>i% ( ,clee possesses a "r ( cutt+ ru%es f a piece ( l&1 call$ 8,besc>s10 = ! purpose ( /rew+ ! floor ( ! *ur* e ,tr9ity ,sunday4 ,a small quantity ( grass is annually cut to pres]ve ?is "r4--,edw>ds1 ,old ,engli% ,cu/oms & ,*>ities1 p4 #bag4 ,,nor?umb]l&4 ,! foll[+ extract is tak5 f ! ,newca/le ,daily ,j\rnal ( ,june #ag?1 #ahfg3-- ,ye/]day be+ ,tr9ity ,sunday1 9 pursuance ( a "t-hon\r$ cu/om1 ! ,ma/]1 ,deputy-,ma/]1 & ,bre?r5 ( ! ,anci5t & ,hon\rable ,corporation ( ! ,tr9ity ,h\se att5d$ (ficially 9 ,all ,sa9ts' ,p>i% ,*ur*1 ,newca/le4 ,a notewor?y relic ( ! pa/ 9 connection ) ! s]vice 0 ! p]=mance on ! organ 7on ! entrance & exit ( ! ,ma/] & ,bre?r57 ( ! national air1 #8,rule ,britannia4' ,! r5d]+ ( a secul> air--ev5 z an evid5ce ( respect--has be5 object$ to2 b ! organi/ cites ! cu/om ( half a c5tury4 ,,wilt%ire4 ,aubrey1 9 8 ,miscellanies 7#agad1 p4 #di71 speak+ ( ,newnton1 says3 8,^u e ,tr9ity ,sunday1 ! p>i%ion]s be+ come to ! door ( ! hayw>d's h\se1 ! door 0 /ruck ?rice 9 hon\r ( ! ,holy ,tr9ity2 !y !n ent]$4 ,! bell 0 rung2 aft] :i*1 sil5ce be+ ord]$1 !y read _! pray]s a=esaid4 ,!n 0 a ghirl& ( fl[]s 7ab\t ! ye> #affj "o 0 kill$ /riv+ to take away ! ghirl&7 made ^u an hoop1 br\ght =? by a maid ( ! t[n ^u h] neck1 & a "y man 7a ba*elor7 ( ano!r p>i% fir/ salut$ h] ?ree times 9 hon\r ( ! ,tr9ity1 9 respect ( ,god ! ,fa!r4 ,!n %e puts ! ghirl& ^u 8 neck & kisses him ?ree times 9 hon\r ( ! ,tr9ity1 p>ticul>ly ,god ! ,son4 ,!n he puts ! ghirl& on h] neck aga91 & kisses h] ?ree times 9 hon\r ( ! ,holy ,tr9ity & p>ticul>ly ! ,holy ,gho/4 ,!n he takes ! ghirl& f h] neck1 &1 by ! cu/om1 mu/ give h] a p5ny at lea/1 :i*1 z fancy leads1 is n[ exce$$1 z #bs4 #f;d41 c4 ,! me?od ( giv+ ?is ghirl& is f h\se to h\se annually1 till x comes r\nd4 ,9 ! ev5+1 e common] s5ds 8 supp] to ?is h\se1 :i* is call$ ! ,eale-h\se2 & hav+ be=e laid 9 !re equally a /ock ( malt1 :i* 0 brew$ 9 ! h\se1 !y sup toge!r1 & :at 0 left 0 giv5 to ! poor40 ,,wales4 ,a v anci5t cu/om is obs]v$ on ,tr9ity ,sunday 9 ,c>n>von%ire3 ! (f]+s ( calves & lambs :i* happ5 to be born ) ! ,nod ,beuno1 or m>k ( ,/4 ,beuno--a c]ta9 natural m>k 9 ! e>1--h n yet entirely ceas$4 ,!y are br\ght to *ur* 7b =m]ly to ! mona/]y#fb7 ( ,clynnok ,vaur on ,tr9ity ,sunday1 & deliv]$ to ! *ur*w>d5s1 :o sell & acc\nt = !m1 deposit+ ! money 9 a great *e/1 call$ ,cyff ,/4 ,beuno1 made ( "o oak1 & secur$ ) ?ree locks4 ,f ?is1 ! ,wel% h a prov]b = attempt+ any v difficult ?+4 8,y may z well try to break op5 ,/4 ,beuno's *e/40 ,! little money result+ f ! sacr$ bea/s1 or casual (f]+s1 is appli$ ei!r to ! relief ( ! poor or 9 aid ( repairs4-- ,p5nant1 ,t\r ?r\gh ,nor? ,wales1 #agha1 vol4 ii4 p4 #baj4 #fb ,?is mona/]y 0 f\nd$ ,a4,d4 #faf1 by ,gui?9 ( ,gwyda9t4 ,x 0 aft]w>ds turn$ into a mona/]y ( :ite monks1 b ^! seem soon to h be5 suppress$1 =1 at ! "t ( ,pope ,ni*olas ,,iv4's taxation x 0 a collegiate *ur*1 consi/+ ( five ,portioni/s or ,preb5d>ies1 & cont9u$ s to ! "t ( ! dissolution4--,lel&1 ,it94 vol4 v4 p4 #ae2 ,dugdale1 ,mona/4 ,anglic4 #ahbe1 vol4 v4 p4 #fca4 ,,may #ah4 ,,tr9ity ,,monday4 ,,hamp%ire4 ,an annual fair is held on ,tr9ity ,monday1 ,tuesday1 & ,w$nesday at ,s\?ampton4 ,x is op5$ by ! ,mayor & bailiffs1 ) mu* c]emony1 on ! prec$+ ,saturday aft]noon4 ,! ,mayor erects a pole ) a l>ge glove fix$ to ! top ( x1 ne> ! mill]'s h\se2 & ! bailiff !n takes possession ( ! fair1 z *ief magi/rate 9 its prec9ct dur+ ! fair1 & invites ! ,mayor & 8 suite to a collation 9 8 t5t4 ,he appo9ts a gu>d ( halb]di]s :o keep ! peace by day1 & wat* ! fair by night4 ,dur+ ! fair no p]son c be arre/$ = debt )9 its prec9cts4 ,on ! ,w$nesday at noon1 ! ,mayor dissolves ! fair1 by tak+ d[n ! pole & glove1 or r ord]+ x to be tak5 d[n2 :i* at "o "t 0 done by ! "y m5 ( ! t[n1 :o fir$ at x ) s+le balls1 till x 0 de/roy$1 or !y 7 tir$ ( ! sport4--,englefield1 ,walk ?r\gh ,s\?ampton1 #ahje1 p4 #ge4 ,,k5t4 ,dept=d ,fair orig9at$ 9 trifl+ pa/imes = p]sons :o assembl$ to see ! ,ma/] & ,bre?r5 ( ! ,tr9ity ,h\se1 on _! annual visit to ! ,tr9ity ,h\se1 at ,dept=d4 ,fir/ !re 7 juggl+ mat*es2 !n came a boo? or two2 aft]w>ds a few %[s4--,e ,day ,book1 vol4 i4 p4 #gbd4 ,,ox=d%ire4 ,at ,kidl+ton1 says ,bl\nt 7,jocul> ,t5ures1 ,beck)'s edition1 p4 #bha71 ! cu/om is t on ,monday aft] ,:itsun week !re is a fat live lamb provid$2 & ! maids ( ! t[n1 hav+ _! ?umbs ti$ beh9d !m1 run aft] x1 & %e t ) h] m\? takes & holds ! lamb1 is decl>$ ,lady ( ! ,lamb1 :i* be+ dress$1 ) ! sk9 hang+ on1 is c>ri$ on a long pole be=e ! lady & h] companions to ! gre51 att5d$ ) music1 & a ,morisco dance ( m51 & ano!r ( wom51 :]e ! re/ ( ! day is sp5t 9 danc+1 mir?1 & m]ry glee4 ,! next day ! lamb is "p bak$1 boil$1 & roa/$1 = ! lady's fea/1 :]e %e sits maje/ically at ! upp] end ( ! table1 & h] companions ) h]1 ) music & o!r att5dants1 :i* ends ! solemnity4 ,,may #bj4 ,,corpus ,,*ri/i ,,eve4 ,9 ,nor? ,wales1 at ,llanasaph1 !re is a cu/om ( /rew+ gre5 h]bs & fl[]s at ! doors ( h\ses on ,corpus ,*ri/i ,eve4--,p5nant's ,manuscript quot$ by ,br&1 ,pop4 ,antiq4 #ahdi1 vol4 i4 p4 #big4 ,at ,ca]wis on ,?ursday aft] ,tr9ity ,sunday1 :i* !y call ,dudd ,son ,duw1 or ,dydd ,gwyl ,duw1 on ! ,eve be=e1 !y /rew a sort ( f]n be=e _! doors1 call$ r$ yn mair--,p5nant's ,,ms4 ,,may #ba4 ,,corpus ,,*ri/i ,,day4 ,corpus ,*ri/i ,day is held on ! ,?ursday aft] ,tr9ity ,sunday1 to celebrate1 z ! "n indicates1 ! doctr9e ( ,transub/antiation1 & 0 in/itut$ 9 ! ye> #abfd by ,pope ,urban ,,iv4 ,9 old5 times ! ,sk9n]s' frat]nity ( ,corpus ,*ri/i made _! procession on ?is day1 hav+ 8borne be=e !m m ?an two hundr$ tor*es ( wax1 co/ly g>ni%$1 burn+ bright0 7or pa9t$ & gild$ ) v>i\s devices72 & 8above two hundr$ cl]ks & prie/s1 9 surplices & copes1 s++10 aft] :i* came ! (fic]s2 8! mayor & ald]m5 9 sc>let1 & !n ! sk9n]s 9 _! be/ liv]ies40 ,a tempor>y revival ( ^! impos+ %[s took place 9 ,m>y's days previ\sly to _! discont9uance4--,timbs' ,some?+ = ,ev]ybody1 #ahfa1 p4 #hd4 ,,norfolk4 ,at "o "t on ,corpus ,*ri/i ,day ! crafts or companies ( ,norwi* walk$ 9 procession f ! common hall1 by ,cutt] ,r[1 & r\nd ! m>ket to ! hall aga94 ,ea* company _h its bann]1 on :i* 0 pa9t$ its patron or gu>dian sa9t4--,see ,hi/ory ( ,norwi*1 #agfh1 vol4 i4 p4 #age4 ,,nor?umb]l&4 ,! e>lie/ m5tion ( ! religi\s c]emony ( ,corpus ,*ri/i play & procession 9 ,newca/le-^u-,tyne occurs 9 ! ,ord9>y ( ! ,coop]s' ,company1 dat$ ,janu>y #bj?1 #adbf2 ?\gh ! great popul>ity ( ^! exhibitions at ,york & o!r places mu/ h induc$ ! cl]gy1 m]*ants1 & incorporat$ trad]s ( t t[n1 to adopt !m long be=e ?is "t4 ,!re c be b little d\bt t ! sev]al trades /rove to outvie ea* o!r 9 ! spl5d\r ( _! exhibitions4 ,! ,company ( ,m]*ant ,adv5tur]s 7 conc]n$ 9 ! repres5tation ( five plays4 ,! hoa/m51 drap]s1 m]c]s1 & boo?m5 _h probably ea* "o4 8,hoggmayg[yk0 0 ! title ( "o ( _! plays1 ! repres5t+ ( :i*1 9 #aeed1 co/ #dl4 #bs4 ,?is ,company1 9 #adhj1 made an act = settl+ ! ord] ( _! procession on ,corpus ,*ri/i ,day4 ,9 #aehf ! (f]+ ( ,abraham & ,isaac 0 exhibit$ by ! slat]s4 ,by ! ,ord9>y ( ! goldsmi?s1 plumb]s1 glazi]s1 pewt]]s1 & pa9t]s1 dat$ #adcf1 !y 7 comm&$ to play at _! fea/ ! ?ree ,k+s ( ,coleyn4 ,9 ! books ( ! full]s & dy]s1 "o ( ! *>ges = ! play ( #aefd is3 8,item1 = #c y>ds ( lyn clo? = ,god's coat1 #cs4 #b;d4 ob40 ,ab\t ! ye> #aegh1 ! ,corpus ,*ri/i plays seem to h be5 on ! decl9e2 = ! ,ord9>y ( ! mill]s1 dat$ t ye>1 says1 8,:5soev] ! g5]al plaies ( ! t[n %all be comm&$ by ! mayor1 c410 !y are to play1 8! ,anti5t playe (1 c40 ,simil> expressions are us$ 9 ! ,ord9>y ( ! h\se c>p5t]s 9 #aegi1 9 t ( ! masons 9 #aeha1 & also 9 t ( ! jo9]s 9 #aehi4 ,weav]1 9 8 ,fun]al ,monum5ts1 says t ^! plays 7 f9ally suppress$ 9 all t[ns ( ! k+dom1 ab\t ! beg9n+ ( ! reign ( ,james ,i4 ,! only ve/ige t rema9s ( ! ,newca/le ,my/]ies 0 pres]v$ by ,b\rne4 ,x is entitl$ 8,noah's ,ark2 or1 ! ,%ipwright's ,anci5t ,play or ,dirge10 :]e9 ,god1 an ,angel1 ,noah & 8 wife1 & ! ,devil are ! *>act]s4 ,mack5zie1 ,hi/ory ( ,newca/le1 #ahbg1 vol4 ii4 p4 #gjh2 ,hone's ,anci5t ,my/]ies ,describ$1 #ahbc1 p4 #bac4 ,,york%ire4 ,! play ( ,corpus ,*ri/i 0 act$ 9 ! ,city ( ,york till ! tw5ty-six? ye> ( ,que5 ,elizabe?'s reign1 #aehd4 ,x consi/$ ( a solemn procession1 9 remembrance ( ! ,sacram5t ( ! ,body ( ,*ri/2 ! symbolic repres5tation be+ borne 9 a %r9e4 ,e trade 9 ! city 0 oblig$ to furni% a pageant at its own exp5se1 & jo9 ! procession1 & ea* individual _h to p]sonify "s p>ticul> passage 9 ! ,old or ,new ,te/am5t1 & to repeat "s poetry on ! occasion4 ,! :ole 0 prec$$ by a great numb] ( light$ tor*es1 & a multitude ( prie/s 9 _! prop] habits2 aft] :i* foll[$ ! mayor & citiz5s1 surr\nd$ by an imm5se conc\rse ( spectators4 ,comm5c+ at ! great gate ( ! priory ( ! ,holy ,tr9ity1 !y proce$$ to ! ,ca!dral ,*ur* & !nce to ,/4 ,leon>d's ,hospital1 :]e !y left ! sacram5t4 ,!re are sev]al public ord]s yet rema9+ 9 ! old regi/] ( ! city relative to ! regulation ( ?is c]emony2 & indulg5ces 7 grant$ f ! ,pope to ^? :o contribut$ to ! relief ( ! frat]nity1 or :o obs]v$ ! annual c]emony 9 ! mo/ dev\t mann]1 p>ticul>ly if !y p]sonally att5d$ f ! c\ntry4--,drake's ,eboracum1 #agcf2 ,h>grove1 ,hi/ory ( ,york1 #ahah1 vol4 ii4 p4 #did4 ,,irel&4 ,corpus ,*ri/i ,day 0 =m]ly celebrat$ at ,dubl9 ) high v5]ation4 ,9 ! ,*a9-book ( ! ,city ( ,dubl9 are sev]al entries to t purpose4 ,we are told t !re 0 a gr& procession1 9 :i* ! glov]s 7 to repres5t ,adam & ,eve1 ) an angel be>+ a sword be=e !m4 ,! corrisees 7p]haps curri]s7 7 to repres5t ,ca9 & ,abel1 ) an alt> & _! (f]+4 ,m>9]s & v9tn]s1 ,noah & ! p]sons 9 8 ,ark1 app>ell$ 9 ! habit ( c>p5t]s & salmon-tak]s4 ,! weav]s p]sonat$ ,abraham & ,isaac1 ) _! (f]+ & alt>4 ,! smi?s repres5t$ ,ph>aoh1 ) 8 ho/4 ,! sk9n]s1 ! camell ) ! *ildr5 ( ,israel1 c4--,see ,h>ris1 ,hi/ory ( ,dubl91 #agff1 p4 #adg4 ,,may #bb4 ,,cov5try ,,%[ ,,fair4 ,?is celebrat$ fair1 says ,br& 7,pop4 ,antiq4 #ahdi1 vol4 i4 p4 #bhf71 comm5ces ^u ,friday 9 ,tr9ity week1 & la/s = eight days4 ,! *>t] = x 0 grant$ by ,h5ry ,,iii4 9 #abah1 at ! in/igation ( ,r&le1 ,e>l ( ,*e/]4 ,= _m ye>s x 0 "o ( ! *ief m>ts 9 ! k+dom1 & 0 celebrat$ = ! %[ designat$ ! ,procession ( ,lady ,godiva1 ( :i* ,br& has giv5 a long acc\nt4 ,,may #be4 ,,! ,,%rewsbury ,,%[4 ,9 ! ,book ( ,days 7vol4 i4 pp4 #gjd-gjh7 w be f\nd an int]e/+ & amus+ acc\nt ( ! ,%rewsbury ,%[1 :i* appe>s1 f ! records ( ! reign ( ,h5ry ,,vi41 to h be5 held "t out ( m9d on ! second ,monday aft] ,tr9ity ,sunday4 ,,flitt+ ,,day4 ,,scotl&4 ,! #be? ( ,may1 z ! ,:itsunday t]m 7old /yle71 is a great day 9 ,scotl&1 be+ t on :i*1 = ! mo/ "p1 p *ange _! resid5ces4 ,! ,scot* g5]ally lease _! h\ses by ! ye>1 & are ?us at e twelve-mon?'s end able to %ift _! place ( abode4 ,accord+ly1 e ,c&lemas a ,scot* family gets an opportunity ( consid]+ :e!r x w1 9 ! language ( ! c\ntry1 sit or flit4 ,! l&lord or 8 ag5t calls to le>n ! decision on ?is po9t2 & if 8flit0 is ! resolution1 he takes measures by adv]tis+ to obta9 a new t5ant4 ,! two or ?ree days foll[+ ^u ! ,purification1 !re=e1 become di/+ui%$ by a fea!r+ ( ! /reets ) bo>ds project$ f ! w9d[s1 intimat+ 8,a ,h\se to ,let40--,see ,book ( ,days1 vol4 i4 p4 #fgi4 ,,may #bi4 ,,re/oration ,,or ,,royal ,,oak ,,day4 ,9 ! ,di>y ( ,john ,evelyn 7#ahei1 vol4 i4 p4 #cgc71 "u ! date ( ,may #bi?1 #affe1 is ! foll[+ /atem5t3-- ,?is 0 ! fir/ anniv]s>y appo9t$ by ,act ( ,p>liam5t to be obs]v$ z a day ( ,g5]al ,?anksgiv+ = ! miracul\s re/oration ( ,8 ,maje/y3 our vic> prea*+ on ,psalm cxviii41 #bd1 requir+ u to be ?ankful & rejoice1 z inde$ we _h cause4#fc #fc ,! special =m ( pray] 9 commemoration ( ! ,re/oration ( ,*>les ,,ii41 0 remov$ f ! ,pray] ,book by ,act ( ,p>liam5t 7#bb ,vict4 c4 #b4 ,m>* #be1 #ahei74 ,on ?is day ! *apla9 ( ! ,h\se ( ,commons prea*$ 9 ,/4 ,m>g>et's ,*ur*1 ,we/m9/]1 be=e 8! ,h\se10 usually repres5t$ by ! ,speak]1 ! ,s]geant-at-arms1 ! cl]ks1 & o!r (fic]s1 & "s half-doz5 memb]s4 ,?is obs]vance has be5 discont9u$ s9ce #aheh4--,timbs' ,some?+ = ,ev]ybody1 #ahfa1 p4 #gd4 ,x is cu/om>y1 especially 9 ! ,nor? ( ,engl&1 = ! common p to we> 9 _! hats ! leaves ( ! oak1 :i* are sometimes cov]$ ) gold leaf4--,br&1 ,pop4 ,antiq41 #ahdi1 vol4 i4 p4 #bgc4 ,,cornwall4 ,at ,looe1 z well z 9 o!r di/ricts ( ,ea/ ,cornwall1 ! usage ( we>+ an oak5 leaf on ! #bi? ( ,may 0 en=c$ by spitt+ at1 or 8cobb+10 ! (f5d]4--,once a ,week1 ,septemb] #bd?1 #ahgj4 ,,d]by%ire4 ,on ! #bi? ( ,may bran*es ( "y oak are ga!r$ & put up ov] ! doors ( _m h\ses1 & a small sprig ( ! same tree is commonly worn 9 ! button-hole4--,j\r4 ( ,ar*4 ,assoc41 #aheb1 vol4 viii4 p4 #bjf4 ,,devon%ire4 ,9 ! vic9ity ( ,/>cross ! *ildr5 celebrate ?is anniv]s>y by c>ry+ ab\t :at !y call ,may babies1 i4e41 little dolls1 c>efully & neatly dress$1 deck$ ) fl[]s1 & laid 9 boxes some:at resembl+ c(f9s1 ?\gh su* resemblance is n1 app>5tly1 ! int5tion ( ! arti/s4--,n4 ,q4 #bnd ,s4 vol4 ii4 p4 #dje4 ,9 ! ,e ,day ,book 7#ahbf1 vol4 i4 p4 #gah7 occurs ! foll[+3-- ,at ,tiv]ton1 on ! #bi? ( ,may1 x is cu/om>y = a numb] ( "y m51 dress$ 9 ! /yle ( ! sev5te5? c5tury1 & arm$ ) swords1 to p>ade ! /reets1 & ga!r contributions f ! inhabitants4 ,at ! head ( ! procession walks a man call$ 8,oliv]10 dress$ 9 black1 ) 8 face & h&s sme>$ ov] ) soot & grease1 & 8 body b\nd by a /rong cord1 ! end ( :i* is held by "o ( ! m5 to prev5t 8 runn+ too f>4 ,aft] ^! come ano!r troop1 dress$ 9 ! same /yle1 ea* man be>+ a l>ge bran* ( oak2 f\r o!rs1 c>ry+ a k9d ( ?rone made ( oak5 b\ghs1 on :i* a *ild is seat$1 br+ up ! re>4 ,a great deal ( m]rim5t is excit$ among ! boys at ! pranks ( 8,ma/] ,oliv]10 :o cap]s ab\t 9 a mo/ ludicr\s mann]4 ,"s ( !m amuse !mselves by ca/+ dirt1 :il/ o!rs1 m mis*iev\sly incl9$1 ?r[ /ones at him3 b woe betide ! "y ur*9 :o is caught2 8 face assumes a mo/ awful appe>ance f ! soot & grease ) :i* 8,oliv]0 begrimes x1 :il/ 8 companions1 :o h be5 lucky en\gh to escape 8 clut*es1 te/ify _! pleasure by l\d %\ts4 ,9 ! ev5+ ! :ole p>ty h a fea/1 ! exp5ses ( :i* are defray$ by ! collection made 9 ! morn+4 ,,durham4 ,mr4 ,cu?b]t ,c>lton1 ( ,durham1 gives 9 ! ,durham ,*ronicle1 ( ,novemb] #bi?1 #ahgb1 ! foll[+ acc\nt ( a curi\s cu/om call$ 8,pu% ,p5ny40 ,he says3 8,?is cu/om1 :i* has be5 discont9u$ ne>ly a qu>t] ( a c5tury1 is ?us ref]r$ to 9 ! ,d]by%ire ,times ( ,saturday la/3--#8,!re is a cu/om :i* has be5 upheld f "t immemorial by ! ,dean & ,*apt] ( ,durham on ?ree days 9 ! ye>--#cj? ( ,janu>y1 #bi? ( ,may1 & #e? ( ,novemb]1 ! anniv]s>y ( ,k+ ,*>les' ,m>tyrdom1 ,royal ,oak ,day1 & ,gunp[d] ,plot1 :i* is kn[n among ,durham lads z 8pu%-p5ny40 ,on ^! days ! ,*apt] causes tw5ty %ill+s 9 copp] to be scrambl$ = 9 ! college y>d by ! juv5iles1 :o nev] fail to be pres5t4' ,! practice obs]v$ e #bi? ( ,may1 & #e? ( ,novemb]1 0 to ?r[ away )9 ! college ?irty %ill+s 9 p5ny pieces4 ,:e!r ! cu/om dates f "t immemorial1 x is difficult to say1 b ! two la/ dates w\ld seem only to po9t to ! orig9 ( ! cu/om at ! end ( ! sev5te5?1 or beg9n+ ( ! eighte5? c5turies1 to te/ify ! loyalty ( ! ,dean & ,*apt] to ! ,?rone1 & _! appreciation ( ! happy re/oration ( ! #8,m]ry ,mon>*1' & ! escape ( ! ,k+ & 8 ,p>liam5t on ! #e? ( ,novemb]4 ,!re 0 "s su* cu/om1 h[ev]1 dur+ ! mona/ic p]iod1 :5 p5nies 7 ?r[n away to ! citiz5s :o 7 wont to assemble 9 ! vic9ity ( ! ,prior's mansion4 ,at ,bi%op ,auckl& ! bi%op 0 accu/om$ to ?r[ away silv] p5nies at c]ta9 times ( ! ye>1 & x is ev5 said t s mu* z a peck ( copp] 0 9 e>li] times scatt]$ broad-ca/ among ! p4 ,! ,re=mation1 h[ev]1 swept ^! & _m o!r old cu/oms away1 b aft] ! ,re/oration ( ,*>les ,,ii41 ! ,dean & ,*apt] no d\bt consid]$ ! #bi? ( ,may & ! #e? ( ,novemb] ought to be kept z days ( rejoic+1 & z "o means ( do+ s caus$ "o ( _! (ficials to ?r[ a bag full ( p5nies to ! p :o met 9 ! college4 ,! duty 0 entru/$ to ! s5ior v]g] ( ! ca!dral4 ,= _m ye>s x 0 ! practice = ! *ildr5 ( ! ,blue ,coat ,s*ools to att5d ,div9e s]vice 9 ! ca!dral1 :o 7 drawn up 9 rank & file 9 ! nave1 = ! inspection ( ! preb5ds1 :o m9utely exam9$ ! new s*ola/ic g>m5ts ( ! ,blue ,coat s*ol>s4 ,?is be+ done !y 7 u%]$ into ! *oir1 & at ! end ( ! s]vice a regul> pell-mell ru% 0 made = ! cloi/] doors1 9 ord] to be pres5t at #8pu%-p5ny4' ,! sc5es on ^! occasions 7 almo/ beyond description4 ,= a few ye>s ! cu/om ?us cont9u$1 ! att5dants at #8pu%-p5ny' gradually dim9i%+2 = tw5ty-five ye>s1 h[ev]1 x has be5 discont9u$1 nor is x likely to be reviv$40 ,at ,durham also on ! #bi? ( ,may1 ! *oir asc5d ! l>ge t[] ( ! ca!dral1 & s+ an!ms f ! ?ree sides ( x4 ,?is is done 9 remembrance ( ! monks *ant+ masses f x 9 behalf ( ,que5 ,philippa1 :5 engag$ 9 ! sangu9>y battle ( ,r$hills ) ! ,scot* ,k+1 ,david ,i41 #acdf4 ,! battle is commonly call$ ! battle ( ,neville's ,cross1 f ! beautiful cross erect$ on ! field ( victory by ! p[]ful ,b>on ( t "n1 a fragm5t ( :i* /ill rema9s4 ,! reason giv5 :y an!ms are only sung f ?ree sides ( ! t[]1 n f ! f\r?1 is t a *ori/] once ov]balanc$ himself1 & fall+ f x 0 kill$4--,times1 ,may #f?1 #ahge4 ,,hamp%ire4 ,! work+ m5 ( ,bas+/oke & o!r t[ns 9 ,hamp%ire arise e>ly on ! #bi? ( ,may to ga!r slips ( oak ) ! galls on2 ^! !y put 9 _! hats or any:]e ab\t _! p]sons4 ,!y also hang pieces to ! knock]s1 lat*es1 or o!r p>ts ( ! h\se-doors ( ! weal?y1 :o take !m 9 to place 9 _! halls1 c4 ,aft] breakfa/ ^! m5 g r\nd to su* h\ses = be]1 c4 ,%\ld !y n receive any?+ ! foll[+ v]ses %\ld be said3 8,%ig-%ag1 p5ny a rag ,bang 8 head 9 ,croommell's bag1 ,all up 9 a bundle40-- b fe> (t5 prev5ts !m4 ,h[ev]1 ! lads h no fe>1 & use x freely to any "o )\t an oak-apple or oak leaf on "s "p ( 8 p]son1 & visible--ill-treat+ him = 8 want ( loyalty4 ,aft] noon ! loyalty ceases & !n if any "o be *>g$ ) hav+ %ig-%ag1 ! foll[+ v]ses are said3 8,%ig-%ag's gone pa/1 ,y're ! bigge/ fool at la/2 ,:5 %ig-%ag comes aga91 ,y'll be ! bigge/ fool !n40 ,& ! "o :o *>ges ! o!r ) ! oak-leaf receives ! ill-treatm5t4--,n4 ,q4 #a/ ,s4 vol4 xii4 p4 #ajj4 ,,middlesex4 ,x 0 ! cu/om1 "s ye>s ago1 to decorate ! monum5t ( ,ri*>d ,p5d]ell 79 ! *ur*y>d ( ,/4 ,giles-9-!-,fields1 ,london71 on ! #bi? ( ,may1 ) oak bran*es2 b 9 proportion to ! decay ( popul>ity 9 k+s1 ?is practice has decl9$4--,canfield1 ,portraits1 ,memoirs1 & ,*>act]s ( ,rem>kable ,p]sons1 #agid1 p4 #ahf4 ,,nor?ampton%ire4 ,=m]ly all ! pr9cipal families 9 ! t[n ( ,nor?ampton plac$ a l>ge bran* ( oak ov] ! door ( _! h\ses1 or 9 _! balconies1 9 remembrance ( ! re/oration ( ,*>les ,,ii4 ,! oak-b\ghs are gradually disappe>+1 b ! corporate body /ill goes 9 procession to ,all ,sa9ts ,*ur*1 accompani$ by ! boys & girls ( ! diff]5t *>ity s*ools1 ea* ( !m hav+ a sprig ( oak1 ) a gilt oak-apple plac$ 9 ! front ( _! dress2 & %\ld ! season be unpropiti\s1 & oak-apples be sc>ce1 small gild$ potatoes are sub/itut$4 ,! commemoration ( ?is day has probably be5 m g5]ally & loyally obs]v$ 9 ?is t[n ?an 9 _m o!r places1 f a feel+ ( gratitude to t mon>*1 :o munific5tly contribut$ #ajjj tons ( timb] out ( ,:ittlewood ,=e/ & remitt$ ! duty ( *imney-money 9 ,nor?ampton = sev5 ye>s1 t[>ds ! rebuild+ ( ! t[n aft] ! de/ructive fire ( #afge4 ,! /atue ( ! k+1 :i* is plac$ 9 ! c5tre ( ! balu/rade on ! portico ( ,all ,sa9ts' ,*ur*1 is always envelop$ 9 oak-b\ghs on ?is day4--,gloss>y ( ,nor?ampton%ire ,words & ,phrases1 vol4 ii4 p4 #fh4 ,,nor?umb]l&4 ,at "o "t ! boys at ,newca/le-^u-,tyne _h a taunt+ rhyme1 ) :i* !y us$ to insult su* p]sons z !y met on ?is day :o _h n oak-leaves 9 _! hats3 8,royal oak1 ,! ,:igs to provoke40 ,!re 0 a retort c\rte\s by o!rs1 :o contemptu\sly wore plane-tree leaves3 8,plane-tree leaves2 ,! ,*ur* folk are ?ieves40 ,br&1 ,pop4 ,antiq4 #ahdi1 vol4 i4 p4 #bgd4 ,,nott+ham%ire4 ,on ,royal ,oak ,day bran*es ( t tree are c>ri$ 9 procession1 & decorate _m ( ! signs ( public h\ses 9 ,nott+ham & else:]e4--,j\r4 ( ! ,ar*4 ,assoc41 #ahec1 vol4 viii4 p4 #bcd4 ,on ?is day ! ,notts juv5iles n only we> ! usual piece ( oak-twig1 b ea* "y loyali/ is arm$ ) a nettle1 ) :i* in/rum5t ( torture are co]c$ ^? un=tunates :o are unprovid$ ) 8royal oak10 z x is call$4 ,"s :o are unable to procure x endeav\r to avoid ! p5alty by we>+ 8dog oak0 7maple71 b ! puni%m5t is always m sev]e on discov]y ( ! imposition4--,n4 ,q4 #a/ ,s4 vol4 viii4 p4 #dij4 ,,worce/]%ire4 ,9 "s p>ts ( ?is c\nty a g>l&1 simil> to ! ,may-day "o1 is tak5 ab\t on ! #bi? ( ,may4--,n4 ,q4 #a/ ,s4 vol4 x4 p4 #ib4 ,at ,upton-^u-,sev]n oak-apple day is anxi\sly look$ =w>d to by old & "y4 ,e>ly 9 ! morn+ ropes are /ret*$ across ! /reet1 ^u :i* are hung g>l&s1 compos$ ( all su* fl[]s z are 9 bloom4 ,! g>l&s are also ornam5t$ ) col\r$ ribbons & h&k]*iefs1 & all ! tea-spoons :i* c be collect$ are hung 9 ! middle4 ,maypoles1 ?\gh less common1 & l>ge b\ghs ( oak are press$ into s]vice4 ,_m are ! p5n'or?s ( gold leaf sold ! day be=e1 ) :i* to gild ! oak-apple = ! button-hole4 ,a b5efit club meets on ?is day1 & walks 9 procession ) b& & flags to *ur*1 aft] :i* !y make a progress ?r\gh ! t[n1 ) music play+ & col\rs fly+1 f9i%+ up ) a d9n]4--,illu/rat$ ,london ,news1 ,may #cj?1 #aheg1 p4 #eae4 ,,scotl&4 ,rid+ ! ,m>*es4--,! practice ( ,rid+ ! ,m>*es1 says a writ] 9 ! ,/at4 ,acc4 ( ,scotl& 7#ahde1 vol4 iii4 p4 #cii71 is obs]v$ 9 ! p>i% ( ,hawick1 ,roxburgh%ire4 ,?is anci5t c]emonial takes place on ! la/ ,friday ( ,may 7old /yle71 & is consid]$ "o ( ! mo/ important days ( ! ye>4 ,! hon\r ( c>ry+ ! /&>d ( ! t[n devolves ^u ! cornet1 a "y man previ\sly elect$ = ! purpose2 & he & ! magi/rates ( ! t[n on horseback1 & a l>ge body ( ! inhabitants & ! burgesses1 set out 9 procession = ! purpose ( rid+ r\nd ! prop]ty ( ! t[n1 & mak+ =mal demon/ration ( _! legal rights4 ,! foll[+ are a few /anzas f an anci5t song1 :i* is sung by ! cornet & 8 att5dants f ! ro( ( an old t5em5t belong+ to ! t[n1 & l\dly jo9$ 9 by ! surr\nd+ multitudes3-- 8,we'll a' hie to ! muir a rid+1 ,drumlanrig gave x = provid+ ,our ance/ors ( m>tial ord] ,to drive ! ,engli% (f our bord]4 ,at ,flodd5 field our fa!rs f\ght x1 ,& hon\r ga9$1 ?\gh de> !y b\ght x2 ,by ,teviot side !y took ?is col\r1 ,a de> memorial ( _! val\r4 ,?\gh twice ( old our t[n 0 burn$1 ,yet twice ! foem5 back we turn$1 ,& ev] %\ld our rights be trod on1 ,we'll face ! foe to ,tiriod54#fd ,up wi' ,hawick its rights & common6 ,up wi' a' ! bord] b[m56 ,tiribus & ,tiriod54 ,we are up to gu>d ! common40 #fd ,! slogan or w>-cry ( ! burgh 0 8,tiribus & ,tiriod510 a phrase probably d]iv$ f ! ,saxons or ,danes4 ,! fir/ ^w may be und]/ood z mak+ tol]ably good ,anglo-,saxon4 ,tyr hbbe u2 ,may ,tyr h u 9 8 keep+4 ,:il/ ! o!r conjo9s ! names ( ,tyr & ,od91 ^: unit$ aid is suppos$ to be invok$4 ,mr4 ,wilson1 au?or ( ,annals & ,old ,memories ( ,hawick1 ?9ks t ! mean+ ( ! phrase1 9 our s5se1 is1 8,gods ( ?und] & w>1 protect u20 9 ano!r s5se1 8,to battle1 sons ( ! gods40 ,! anci5t feudal sy/em ( 8! ,rid+ ( ! ,m>*es0 by ! burgesses /ill exi/s also at ,inv]esk1 once )9 ! fifty ye>s4 ,!y appe> m\nt$ on horseback1 & arm$ ) swords4 ,! sev5 incorporat$ trades1 ea* head$ by its capta91 foll[ 9 ! tra9 ( ! magi/rates & t[n-c\ncil1 ! :ole cavalcade be+ prec$$ by ! t[n (fic]s1 ) _! anci5t ,brabant spe>s1 & a *ampion arm$ cap-a-pie4 ,a gratuity is also all[$ to a m9/rel1 :o att5ds at ! succe$+ fea/1 & recites 9 v]se ! glories ( ! pageantry4#fe--,/at4 ,acc4 ( ,scotl&1 #ahde1 vol4 i4 p4 #bfh4 #fe ,until ab\t ! ye> #ahcj1 on ! annual paym5t ( _! r5t to ! ag5t ( ! ,duke ( ,buccleu*1 an ent]ta9m5t 0 giv5 by ! magi/rates1 "u ! title ( 8! ,h5 ,fea/40 ,x d]iv$ ?is title f ! consid]ation t 8! ka9 f[ls0 due by ! lessees ( ! burgh mills 7 s]v$ up on ?is occasion4--,ibid41 p4 #bfi4 ,,june4 ,,paignton ,,fair4 ,,devon%ire4 ,a correspond5t ( ,n4 ,q4 7#a/ ,s4 vol4 viii4 p4 #ff7 quotes f an old newspap] 7,june #g?1 #ahji7 ! foll[+ acc\nt ( ,paignton ,fair1 held at ,exet]4 ,at ?is fair1 says ! writ]1 ! anci5t cu/om ( draw+ ?r\gh ! t[n a plum-pudd+ ( imm5se size1 & aft]w>ds ( di/ribut+ x to ! populace1 0 reviv$ on ,tuesday la/4 ,! +r$i5ts :i* compos$ ?is enorm\s pudd+ 7--f\r hundr$ p\nds ( fl\r1 "o hundr$ & sev5ty p\nds ( beef suet1 "o hundr$ & =ty p\nds ( rais9s1 & two hundr$ & =ty eggs4 ,x 0 kept con/antly boil+ 9 a brew]'s copp] f ,saturday morn+ to ! ,tuesday foll[+1 :5 x 0 plac$ on a c>1 decorat$ ) ribbons1 ev]gre5s1 c41 & drawn along ! /reets by eight ox54 ,,scotl&4 ,a solemn fe/ival 9 ! ,scot* ,metropolis is orda9$ by ! ,/atutes ( ,george ,h]iot's ,hospital 7cap4 ii47 9 ! foll[+ words3 8,b especially ^u ! fir/ ,monday 9 ,june1 e ye>1 %all be kept a solemn commemoration & ?anksgiv+ unto ,god1 9 ?is =m :i* foll[e?3 ,9 ! morn+1 ab\t eight ( ! clock ( t day1 ! "l provo/1 all ! m9i/]s1 magi/rates1 & ord9>y ,c\ncil ( ! city ( ,ed9burgh1 %all assemble !mselves 9 ! ,committee-*amb] ( ! said hospital2 f !nce1 all ! s*ol>s & (fic]s ( ! said hospital go+ be=e !m two-by-two1 !y %all g1 ) all ! solemnity t may be1 to ! ,grey-,fri>s' ,*ur* ( ! said city1 :]e !y %all he> a s]mon prea*$ by "o ( ! said m9i/]s1 e "o ye>ly 9 _! c\rses1 accord+ to ! antiquity ( _! m9i/ry 9 ! said city40 ,on ?is occasion ! /atue ( ! f\nd] is fancifully decorat$ ) fl[]s4 ,ea* ( ! boys receives a new suit ( clo!s2 _! relations & fri5ds assemble1 & ! citiz5s1 old & "y1 be+ admitt$ to view ! hospital1 ! gaiety ( ! sc5e is highly gratify+4--,e ,day ,book1 vol4 ii4 p4 #gdg4 ,,june #a4 ,,wilt%ire4 ,"l ,visc\nt ,palm]/on1 9 #agcd1 by de$1 gave = ?ra%]s ( ,*>lton ab\t an acre ( l& 9 ,ru%all ,field1 ! r5t :]e( 0 to be appli$ annually to give !m a d9n] :]e) to commemorate ,/eph5 ,duck ! poet1 :o 0 orig9ally a ?ra%] ( ,*>lton4 ,! p>i% ( ,ru%all 0 aft]w>ds inclos$1 & by ! aw>d date1 #ab? ,janu>y1 #ahjd1 a piece ( arable l&1 measur+ "o acre & fifte5 poles1 0 aw>d$ 9 a diff]5t "p ( ,ru%all ,field4 ,! l& is n[ call$ ,duck's ,acre1 & let at a r5t ( #b #is4 #i;d4 p] annum4 ,! l& tax1 am\nt+ to #cs4 p] annum1 0 r$uc$ by a subscription rais$ 9 ! p>i%4 ,! r5t is paid = a d9n]1 :i* is annually giv5 on ! #a/ ,june1 to ! ?ra%]s ( ?is p>i%4--,old ,engli% ,cu/oms & ,*>ities1 p4 #afi4 ,,june #i4 ,,irel&4 ,,clonmany1 ,,co4 ,,donegal4 ,! titul> sa9t ( ?is p>i% is ,columbkill4 ,! #i? ( ,june is 8 fe/ival day1 & =m]ly on ?is day _m ( ! inhabitants drove d[n _! cattle to ! bea*1 & swam !m 9 t "p ( ! sea into :i* runs ! wat] ( ,/4 ,columb's ,well--,mason's ,/at4 ,acc4 ( ,irel&1 #ahad1 vol4 i4 p4 #ahe4 ,,june #aa4 ,,/4 ,,b>nabas' ,,day4 ,on ! fea/ ( ,/4 ,b>nabas x seems to h be5 usual to decorate "s *ur*es ) g>l&s ( fl[]s4 ,br& 7#ahdi1 vol4 i4 #bic7 quotes ! foll[+ disbursem5ts f ! ,*ur*w>d5s'1 ,acc\nts ( ,/4 ,m>y-at-,hill1 ,london1 9 ! reigns ( ,edw>d ,,iv4 & ,h5ry ,,vii43-- 8,= ,rose g>londis & ,woodrove g>londis on ,/ ,b>nabe's ,daye1 xjd4 8,item1 = two doss' 7doz587 di bocse 7box7 g>l&s = pre/es & cl]kes on ,/4 ,b>nabe ,daye1 js4 xd40 ,,cumb]l&4 ,hesket1 an ext5sive p>i% 9 ?is c\nty1 is not$ = ! s+ul> circum/ance ( ! ,c\rt ( ,+lewood ,=e/ 79 ! prec9cts ( :i* x is :olly includ$7 be+ held 9 x annually1 on ,/4 ,b>nabas' ,day1 9 ! op5 air4 ,! suitors assemble by ! highway-side1 at a place only m>k$ by an anci5t ?orn1 :]e ! annual dues to ! "l ( ! =e/1 compositions = improvem5ts1 c41 are paid2 & a jury = ! :ole jurisdiction *os5 f among ! inhabitants ( tw5ty mesne manors :o att5d$ on ?is spot4--,britton & ,brayley1 ,beauties ( ,engl& & ,wales1 #ahjb1 vol4 iii4 p4 #aga4 ,,june #ae4 ,,/4 ,,vitus' ,,day4 ,on ,/4 ,vitus' ,day1 says ,hazlitt 7,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq4 #ahgj1 vol4 i4 p4 #aff71 ! ,sk9n]s' ,company1 accompani$ by girls /rew+ h]bs 9 _! pa?1 & by ,bluecoat boys plac$ by _! patronage on ! f\ndation ( ,*ri/'s ,hospital1 m>* 9 procession f ,d[gate ,hill1 :]e _! hall is1 to ,/4 ,an?ol9's ,*ur*1 9 ,watl+ ,/reet1 to he> s]vice4#ff ,! s]mon1 says ,hampson 79 8 ,m$4 vi ,kal5d4 vol4 i4 p4 #bif71 = :i* ! *apla9 7:o is usually a memb] ( ! company1 educat$ at ,*ri/'s ,hospital or ,tunbridge7 receives two gu9eas1 has probably aris5 out ( a pi\s beque/ = ! purpose4 #ff ,9 ,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq41 #ahdi1 ?is cu/om is said to take place on ,corpus ,*ri/i ,day4 ,,june #bc4 ,,midsumm] ,,eve--,,/4 ,,john',s ,,eve4 ,on ?is eve p 7 9 =m] times accu/om$ to g into ! woods1 & break d[n bran*es ( ! trees1 :i* !y br\ght to _! homes1 & plant$ ov] _! doors1 amid/ great demon/rations ( joy1 to make good ! scripture prophecy respect+ ! ,bapti/1 t _m %\ld rejoice 9 8 bir?4 ,?is cu/om 0 at "o "t univ]sal 9 ,engl&4--,book ( ,days1 vol4 i4 p4 #hae4 ,x 0 a popul> sup]/ition t if any unm>ri$ woman fa/$ on ,midsumm] ,eve1 & at midnight laid a clean clo? ) bread1 *eese1 & ale1 & !n sat d[n z if go+ to eat1 ! /reet door be+ left op51 ! p]son :om %e 0 aft]w>ds to m>ry w\ld come into ! room & dr9k to h] by b[+2 & aft] fill+ ! glass w\ld leave x on ! table1 &1 mak+ ano!r b[1 retire4--,grose4 ,! same writ] also tells u t any p]son fa/+ on ,midsumm] ,eve1 & sitt+ 9 ! *ur* por*1 w at midnight see ! spirits ( ! p]sons ( t p>i% :o w die t ye> come & knock at ! *ur* door1 9 ! ord] & succession 9 :i* !y w die4 ,! f]n 0 a mo/ important object ( popul> sup]/ition at ?is season4 ,x 0 suppos$ at "o "t to h nei!r fl[] nor se$1 ! se$ :i* lay on ! back ( ! leaf be+ s small z to escape ! sight ( ! ha/y obs]v]4 ,h5ce1 probably1 proce$+ on ! fanta/ic doctr9e ( signatures1 our ance/ors d]iv$ ! notion t ^? :o c\ld obta9 & we> ?is invisible se$ w\ld be !mselves invisible1 a belief ( :i* innum]able in/ances may be f\nd 9 our old dramati/s4--,soane's ,book ( ! ,mon?s4--,see ,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq41 #ahdi1 vol4 i4 p4 #cad4 ,p also ga!r$ on ?is night ! rose1 ,/4 ,john's wort1 v]va91 trefoil1 & rue1 all ( :i* 7 ?\ght to h magical prop]ties4 ,!y set ! orp9e 9 clay ^u pieces ( slate or pot%]d 9 _! h\ses1 call+ x a ,midsumm]-man4 ,z ! /alk 0 f\nd next morn+ to incl9e to ! "r or left1 ! anxi\s maid5 knew :e!r h] lov] w\ld prove true to h] or n4 ,"y m5 s\ght also = pieces ( coal1 b 9 reality c]ta9 h>d1 black1 dead roots1 (t5 f\nd "u ! liv+ mugwort1 design+ to place ^! "u _! pill[s1 t !y might dream ( !mselves4--,book ( ,days1 vol4 i4 p4 #haf4 ,9 addition to ! sup]/iti\s cu/oms already m5tion$ !re 0 ! ,dumb ,cake3#fg ,two make x1 ,two bake x1 ,two break x2 & ! ?ird mu/ put x "u ea* ( _! pill[s1 b n a ^w mu/ be spok5 all ! "t4 ,?is be+ done1 ! div9]s are sure to dream ( ! man !y love4 ,!re 0 ! div9ation by hemp-se$1#fh :i* consi/$ ( a p]son s[+ hemp-se$1 say+ at ! same "t1 ,hemp-se$ ,i s[1 ,hemp-se$ ,i hoe4 ,& he t is my true love1 ,come aft] me & m[4 ,! lov] 0 sure !n to make 8 appe>ance4--,soane's ,book ( ! ,mon?s4 #fg ,see page #aii4 #fh ,see page #ajj4 ,t[>ds night1 mat]ials = a fire 7 collect$ 9 a public place & k9dl$4 ,to ?is ! "n ( bonfire 0 giv51 a t]m ( :i* ! mo/ rational explanation seems to be t x 0 compos$ ( contributions collect$ z boons or gifts ( social & *>itable feel+4 ,ar\nd ?is fire ! p danc$ ) almo/ frantic mir?1 ! m5 & boys occasionally jump+ ?r\gh x1 n to %[ _! agility1 b z a compliance ) anci5t cu/om4#fi--;,book ( ,days1 vol4 i4 p4 #hf4 #fi ,full] 7,mixt ,contemplations 9 ,bett] ,times1 #aheh1 p4 #be7 says he has met ) 8two etymologies ( bone-fires4 ,"s d$uce x f fires made ( bones1 relat+ x to ! burn+ ( m>tyrs1 fir/ made fa%ionable 9 ,engl& 9 ! reign ( ,k+ ,h5ry ! ,f\r?2 b o!rs d]ive ! ^w f boon1 t is1 good1 & fires40 ,! m probable explanation seems to be t ( ,dr4 ,hickes1 & :i* has be5 adopt$ by ,lye 9 ! ,etymologicon ( ,junius1 namely1 t x 0 d]iv$ f ! ,anglo-,saxon blfyr1 a burn+ pile1 by ! *ange ( a s+le lett] only1 baal 9 ! ,isl&ic signify+ a conflagration4 ,9 ! reign ( ,h5ry ,,vii4 ^! fires 7 patronis$ by ! ,c\rt1 & num]\s entries appe> 9 ! 8,privy purse ,exp5ses0 ( t mon>*1 by :i* he ei!r defray$ ! *>ges1 or rew>d$ ! firem54 ,a few are subjo9$1 z examples ( ! :ole3 8,june #bc 7#adic74 ,to mak+ ( ! bonefuyr on ,midsom] ,eve1 #ajs4 8,june #bh 7#adie74 ,= mak+ ! k+'s bonefuyr1 #ajs4 8,june #bd 7#adig74 ,midsom] ,day1 = mak+ ( ! bone-fuyr1 #ajs4 8,june #cj 7#adih74 ,! mak+ ( ! bone-fuyr1 #b40 ,m$4 vi ,kal5d41 #ahda1 vol4 i4 p4 #cjc4 ,9 ! mon?s ( ,june & ,july1 says ,/[1 on ! vigils ( fe/ival days1 & on ! same fe/ival days 9 ! ev5+ aft] ! sun sett+1 !re 7 usually made bonfires 9 ! /reets1 e man be/[+ wood or lab\r t[>ds !m2 ! weal?i] sort also1 be=e _! doors ne> to ! said bonfires1 w\ld set out tables on ! vigils1 furni%$ ) sweet bread & good dr9k1 & on ! fe/ival days ) meats & dr9ks pl5tifully1 :]eunto !y w\ld invite _! neighb\rs & pass5g]s also to sit & be m]ry ) !m 9 great famili>ity1 prais+ ,god = ,8 b5efit be/[$ on !m4 ,on ^! occasions x appe>s t x 0 cu/om>y to b9d an old :eel r\nd ab\t ) /raw & t[1 to take x to ! top ( "s hill at night1 to set fire to ! combu/ibles1 & !n roll x d[n ! declivity4 ,,buck+ham%ire4 ,! ,/atus ,s*ol ,eton5sis1 ,a4,d4 #aefj 7,,ms4 ,addit4 ,brit4 ,mus4 #dhdc71 says3--8,9 hac vigilia moris erat 7quamdiu /etit7 pu]is1 orn>e lectos v>iis r]um v>i>um picturis1 et c>m9a de vita rebusque ge/is ,joannis ,bapti/ et prcursoris compon]e3 et pul*re exscripta affig]e cl9opodiis lectorum1 eruditis leg5da40 ,,*e%ire4 ,! annual sett+ ( ! wat* on ,/4 ,john's ,eve1 9 ! city ( ,*e/]1 0 an affair ( great mom5t4 ,by an ord9ance ( ! mayor1 ald]m51 & common c\ncilm51 ( t corporation1 dat$ 9 ! ye> #aefd1 & pres]v$ among ! ,h>leian ,,mss4 9 ! ,briti% ,museum1 a pageant :i* is expressly said to be 8accord+ to anci5t cu/om10 is orda9$ to consi/ ( f\r giants1 "o unicorn1 "o drom$>y1 "o camel1 "o luce1 "o dragon1 & six hobby-horses1 ) o!r figures4 ,by ano!r ,,ms4 9 ! same libr>y1 x is said t ,h5ry ,h>dw>e1 ,esq41 ! mayor 9 #aeii1 caus$ ! giants 9 ! ,midsumm] %[ to be brok51 8& n to goe ! devil 9 8 fea!rs20 & x appe>s t he caus$ a man 9 complete arm\r to g 9 _! /ead2 b 9 ! ye> #afja1 ,john ,ratclyffe1 be+ mayor1 set out ! giants & ,midsumm] %[ z ( old x 0 wont to be kept4 ,9 ! "t ( ! ,commonweal? ! %[ 0 discont9u$1 & ! giants ) ! bea/s 7 de/roy$4 ,at ! ,re/oration ( ,*>les ,,ii4 ! citiz5s ( ,*e/] replac$ _! pageant1 & caus$ all ?+s to be made new1 because ! old models 7 brok54--,see ,e ,day ,book1 vol4 i4 p4 #hcd4 ,,cornwall4 ,9 ,cornwall ! fe/ival fires1 call$ bonfires1 are k9dl$ on ! eve ( ,/4 ,john ! ,bapti/ & ,/4 ,pet]'s ,day2 & ,midsumm] is !nce 9 ! ,corni% tongue call$ 8,goluan10 :i* signifies bo? light & rejoic+4 ,at ^! fires ! ,corni% att5d ) light$ tor*es1 t>r$ & pit*$ at ! end1 & make _! p]ambulations r\nd _! fires1 & g f village to village1 c>ry+ _! tor*es be=e !m2 & ?is is c]ta9ly ! rema9s ( ! ,druid sup]/ition1 = 8faces prf]re10 to c>ry light$ tor*es1 0 reckon$ a k9d ( ,g5tilism & z su* p>ticul>ly prohibit$ by ! ,gallick ,c\ncils3 !y 7 9 ! eye ( ! law 8acc5sores facul>um10 & ?\ght to sacrifice to ! devil1 & to des]ve capital puni%m5t4--,borlase1 ,antiquities ( ,cornwall1 #aged1 p4 #acj4 ,on ,:itebor\gh 7a l>ge tumulus ) a fosse r\nd x71 on ,/4 ,/eph5's ,d[n1 ne> ,launce/on1 !re 0 =m]ly a great bonfire on ,midsumm] ,eve3 a l>ge summ] pole 0 fix$ 9 ! c5tre1 r\nd :i* ! fuel 0 heap$4 ,x _h a l>ge bu% on ! top ( x4#gj ,r\nd ?is 7 p>ties ( wre/l]s cont5d+ = small prizes4--,br&1 ,pop4 ,antiq4 #ahdi1 vol4 i4 p4 #cah4 #gj ,! b\nd>y ( ea* t9-m9e 9 ,cornwall is m>k$ by a long pole ) a bu% at ! top ( x4 ,^! on ,/4 ,john's ,day are cr[n$ ) fl[]s4--,br&1 ,pop4 ,antiq41 #ahdi1 vol4 i4 p4 #cah4 ,,cumb]l&4 ,hut*9son 7,hi/4 ( ,cumb]l&1 vol4 i4 p4 #agg71 speak+ ( ! p>i% ( ,cum:itton1 says3 ,!y hold ! wake on ! ,eve ( ,/4 ,john1 ) light+ fires1 danc+1 c4 ,,lanca%ire4 ,! cu/om ( mak+ l>ge fires on ! ,eve ( ,/4 ,john's ,day is annually obs]v$ by numb]s ( ! ,iri% p 9 ,liv]pool4 ,contributions 9 ei!r fuel or money to pur*ase x ) are collect$ f h\se to h\se4 ,! fuel consi/s ( coal1 wood1 or 9 fact any?+ t w burn3 ! fire-places are !n built up & light$ aft] d>k4--,n4 ,q4 #crd ,s4 vol4 xii4 p4 #db4 ,,isle ,,( ,,man4 ,=m]ly ! inhabitants light$ fires to ! w9dw>d side ( e field1 s t ! smoke might pass ov] ! corn2 !y fold$ _! cattle & c>ri$ blaz+ furze or gorse ar\nd !m sev]al times2 !y ga!r$ bawan fealo9 or mugwort z a prev5tive aga9/ ! influ5ce ( wit*craft2 & x 0 on ?is occasion !y bore gre5 mead[ grass up to ! top ( ,b>ule 9 paym5t ( r5t to ,mannan-beg-mac-y-heir4--,tra91 ,hi/ory ( ,isle ( ,man1 #ahde1 vol4 ii4 p4 #abj4 ,,middlesex4 ,! date ( ! fir/ e/abli%m5t ( a regul> wat* or gu>d = ! ,city ( ,london is unc]ta94 ,/[ assures u x has be5 in/itut$ 8"t out ( m9d20 & we h1 z e>ly z ! #ci? ,h5ry ,,vi41 ! foll[+ entries3 8,payde to iiij m5 to wac*e wt ! ,mayre & to goo wt him a nyghtes1 xvjd40 8,payde 9 exp5ses = goyng ab\t wt ! ,mayre 9 ! t[n 9 ! wac*e1 iiijd40 ,! wat* = ! ensu+ ye> 0 always appo9t$ ) mu* pomp & c]emony on ! vigil ( ,/4 ,john1 or ,midsumm]'s ,eve2 h5ce ! appellation ( ! ,midsumm] ,wat*4 ,on ?is night1 z we le>n f ,/[1 ! /&+ wat*es 9 e w>d & /reet ( ! city & suburbs 7 habit$ 9 bright h>ness4 ,!re 0 also a m>*+ wat* consi/+ ( z _m z #bjjj p]sons1 mo/ ( !m old soldi]s1 :o appe>$ 9 appropriate habits1 arm$1 & _m ( !m1 especially ! musicians & /&>d-be>]s1 rode on horseback4 ,! wat* 0 att5d$ by m5 be>+ cresset-lights1#ga :i* 7 provid$ p>tly by ! companies1 & p>tly by ! ,city ,*amb]4 ,e cresset-be>] 0 pres5t$ ) a 8/raw5 hat & a pa9t$ badge1 beside ! donation ( 8 breakfa/ next morn+40 ,! con/ables1 "o half ( :om w5t out on ! ,eve ( ,/4 ,john1 & ! o!r half on ! ,eve ( ,/4 ,pet]1 7 dress$ 9 8bright h>nesse1 "s ov] gilt1 & e "o _h a jornett ( sc>let !reupon1 & a *a9 ( gold1 8 h5*man foll[+ him1 & 8 m9/rels be=e him1 & 8 cresset light at 8 side4 ,! ,mayor himself came aft] !m1 well m\nt$1 ) 8 sword-be>] be=e him1 9 fair arm\r on horseback1 prec$$ by ! waits1 or city m9/rels1 & ! ,mayor's (fic]s 9 liv]ies ( woo/$1 or sea-jackets p>ty-col\r$4 ,! %]iff's wat*es came "o aft] ! o!r 9 l ord]1 b n s num]\s2 = ! ,mayor _h1 beside 8 giant1 ?ree pageants2 :]eas ! %]iff _h only two besides _! giants1 ea* ) _! morris-danc] & "o h5*man40 #ga ,cresset-light4--,a k9d ( fire-basket let into an iron frame at ! end ( a long pole1 & s contriv$ t ! basket rema9$ 9 a horizontal position1 :i*ev] way ! pole 0 c>ri$4 ,^! poles 7 usually borne on m5's %\ld]s4 ,cresset-lights 7 also us$ z beacons & s]v$ in/ead ( ligh?\ses = signals along ! coa/4 ,! badge ( ! ,admiralty 0 anci5tly a cresset4--,%akspe>e makes ,gl5d[] say1 9 8,h5ry ,,iv40 7,act iii4 s4 #a73 8,at my nativity1 ,! front ( heav5 0 full ( fi]y %apes1 ,( burn+ cressets40 ,d\ce1 9 8 ,illu/rations ( ,%akspe>e1 imag9es ! ^w to h be5 d]iv$ f ! ,fr5* ^w croiset--a cruet1 or e>!n pot4 ,/[ says t ,k+ ,h5ry ,,viii41 9 ! fir/ ye> ( 8 reign1 came privately into ,we/*eap to view ! sett+ ( ?is wat*1 8be+ clo!d 9 "o ( ! coates ( 8 gu>d10 & at ! next mu/]1 :i* 0 on ,/4 ,pet]'s night1 8! k+ & que5e came roially rid+ to ! signe ( ! ,k+'s ,head 9 ,*eape1 & !re beheld ! wat*e ( ! citie1 :i* wat*e 0 set out ) div]s goodly %ewes1 z _h be5 accu/om$40 ,9 ! #ca/ ye> ( ?is reign 7#aeci71 h[ev]1 ! ,midsumm] ,wat* 0 discont9u$2 b x 0 reviv$1 = "o ye> only1 by ,sir ,?omas ,gre%am1 !n ,"l ,mayor1 9 ! second ye> ( ,edw>d ! ,six?'s reign4--,/['s ,survey ( ,london2 ,jupp1 ,hi/ory ( ! ,c>p5t]'s ,company1 #ahdh1 pp4 #dj-dd4 ,,nor?umb]l&4 ,9 ! ord9>y ( ! ,company ( ,cooks at ,newca/le-^u-,tyne1 #aege1 quot$ by ,br& 7,pop4 ,antiq4 #ahdi1 vol4 i4 p4 #cah71 is ! foll[+ clause3--8,& alsoe t ! said fell[%ip ( ,cookes1 %all ye>elie ( !ire owne co/ & *>ge ma9teigne & keep ! bonefires1 accord+ to ! aunti5t cu/ome ( ! said t[ne on ! ,s&-hill2 t is to say1 "o bone-fire on ! ev5 ( ! ,fea/ ( ! ,nativitie ( ,/4 ,john ,bapti/1 commonly call$ ,midsom] ,ev51 & ! o!r on ! ev5 ( ! ,fea/ ( ,/4 ,pet] ! ,apo/le1 if x %all please ! ,maior & ,ald]m5 ( ! said t[ne = ! "t be+ to h ! same bone-fires40 ,,nott+ham%ire4 ,de]+1 9 8 ,nott+hamia ,vetus et ,nova 7#agea1 p4 #abc71 quot+ f an old au?ority1 gives ! foll[+ curi\s acc\nt ( ! wat* once held at ,nott+ham4 ,he says3 8,e inhabitant ( any ability sets =? a man1 z well volunt>ies z ^? :o are *>g$ ) arms1 ) su* munition z !y h2 "s pikes1 "s muskets1 caliv]s1 or o!r guns2 "s p>tisans1 or halb]ts2 & su* z h arm\r s5d _! s]vants 9 _! arm\r4 ,! numb] ( ^! are ye>ly ab\t two hundr$1 :o at sun-sett+ meet on ! ,r[1 ! mo/ op5 "p ( ! t[n1 :]e ! ,mayor's s]jeant-at-mace gives !m an oa?1 ! t5or :]( foll[e? 9 ^! words3 #8,y %all well & truly keep ?is t[n till to-morr[ at ! sun-ris+2 y %all come into no h\se )\t lic5se or cause reasonable4 ,( all mann] ( casualties1 ( fire1 ( cry+ ( *ildr51 y %all due w>n+ make to ! p>ties1 z ! case %all require4 ,y %all due se>* make ( all mann] ( affrays1 bl\d%$s1 outcrys1 & all o!r ?+s t be suspect$1' c4 ,:i* done1 !y all m>* 9 ord]ly array ?r\gh ! pr9cipal /reets ( ! t[n1 & !n !y are sort$ into sev]al companies1 & design$ to sev]al p>ts ( ! t[n1 :]e !y are to keep ! wat* until ! sun dismisses !m 9 ! morn+4 ,9 ?is bus9ess ! fa%ion is = e wat*man to we> a g>l&1 made 9 ! fa%ion ( a cr[n imp]ial1 b$eck$ ) fl[]s ( v>i\s k9ds1 "s natural1 "s artificial1 b\ght & kept = t purpose1 z also ribb&s1 jewels2 & = ! bett] g>ni%+ :]e(1 ! t[nsm5 use ! day be=e to ransack ! g>d5s ( all ! g5tlem5 )9 six or sev5 miles r\nd ,nott+ham1 besides :at ! t[n itself af=ds !m3 _! greate/ ambition be+ to outdo "o ano!r 9 ! brav]y ( _! g>l&s40 ,?is cu/om 0 kept up till ! reign ( ,*>les ,i4 ,,ox=d%ire4 ,ab\t ! ye> #gej1 says ,plott1 a battle 0 f\ght ne> ,bur=d1 p]haps on ! place /ill call$ ,battle-,edge1 we/ ( ! t[n1 t[>ds ,upton1 betwe5 ,cu?r$ or ,cu?b]t1 a tribut>y k+ ( ! ,we/ ,saxons1 & ,e!lbald1 k+ ( ,m]cia1 ^: insupportable exactions ! =m] k+ n be+ able to endure1 he came into ! field aga9/ ,e!lbald1 met & ov]?rew him !re1 w9n+ 8 bann]1 :]eon 0 depict$ a gold5 dragon2 9 memory ( :i* victory1 ! cu/om ( mak+ a dragon ye>ly1 & c>ry+ x up & d[n ! t[n 9 great jollity on ,midsumm] ,eve1 to :i* !y add$ ! picture ( a giant1 0 9 all likelihood fir/ in/itut$4--,plott1 ,natural ,hi/ory ( ,ox=d%ire1 #agje1 p4 #cef4 ,,worce/]%ire4 ,a v curi\s practice is obs]v$ on ,midsumm] ,eve at ,kidd]m9/]1 aris+ f ! te/am5t>y dispositions ( two individuals once resid5t !re4 ,a f>?+ loaf is giv5 to e p]son born 9 ,*ur* ,/reet1 ,kidd]m9/]1 :o *ooses to claim x4 ,! beque/ is ( v anci5t /&+1 & ! f>?+ loaf1 at ! "t ( its date1 0 f> diff]5t to :at x is n[-a-days4 ,! day is call$ ,f>?+ ,loaf ,day1 & ! bak]s' %ops are amply provid$ ) ^! dim9utives1 z x is ! practice ( ! inhabitants ?r\gh\t ! t[n to pur*ase !m4 ,sup]add$ to ?is beque/ is ano!r4 ,ab\t ! ye> #aghh an old ba*elor left a sum = ! pur*ase ( a twop5ny cake = e unm>ri$ resid5t 9 ,*ur* ,/reet1 to be giv5 on ,f>?+ ,loaf ,day1 & also ! sum ( two gu9eas to be paid to a h\sehold 9 ! said /reet1 z remun]ation = provid+ a supp] ( bread & *eese & ale1 to :i* e h\sehold] 9 ! /reet %\ld be invit$4 ,! h\sehold]s ea* take _! turn 9 be+ ho/1 b ) a promise1 t none except ! occupi]s ( front h\ses %\ld enjoy ?is dignity4 ,! toa/ direct$ to be drunk aft] supp] is1 8,peace & good neighb\rhood40 ,! money requir$ arises f a sum :i* is l5t at int]e/1 annually1 to any compet5t inhabitant ( ?is fav\r$ /reet1 ^u 8 produc+ two good sureties = ! repaym5t at ! end ( ! ye>4--,hone's ,ye> ,book1 #ahch1 p4 #gde2 ,old ,engli% ,cu/oms & ,*>ities1 p4 #bda4 ,,york%ire4 ,on ,midsumm] ,eve1 at ,ripon1 9 =m] days1 e h\sekeep]1 :o 9 ! c\rse ( ! ye> _h *ang$ 8 resid5ce into a new neighb\rhood1 spread a table be=e 8 door 9 ! /reet ) bread1 *eese1 & ale = ^? :o *ose to resort to x4 ,! gue/s1 aft] /ay+ a:ile1 if ! ma/] 0 lib]ally dispos$1 7 invit$ to supp]1 & ! ev5+ 0 conclud$ ) mir? & good hum\r4--,e ,day ,book1 vol4 ii4 p4 #hff4 ,,wales4 ,b+ley1 9 8 ,t\r ,r\nd ,nor? ,wales 7#ahjj1 vol4 ii4 p4 #bcg71 says3 ,on ! ,eve ( ,/4 ,john ! ,bapti/ !y fix sprigs ( ! plant call$ ,/4 ,john's-wort ov] _! doors1 & sometimes ov] _! w9d[s1 9 ord] to purify _! h\ses1 & by t means drive away all fi5ds & evil spirits4 ,,scotl&4 ,! ,eve ( ,/4 ,john is a great day among ! mason-lodges ( ,scotl&4 ,:at happ5s ) !m at ,melrose may be consid]$ z a fair example ( ! :ole4 ,imm$iately aft] ! election ( (fice-be>]s = ! ye> ensu+1 ! bre?r5 walk 9 procession ?ree times r\nd ! ,cross1 & aft]w>ds d9e toge!r "u ! presid5cy ( ! newly-elect$ gr& ma/]4 ,ab\t six 9 ! ev5+ ! memb]s aga9 turn out1 & =m into l9e two abrea/1 ea* be>+ a light$ flambeau1 & decorat$ ) _! peculi> emblems & insignia4 ,head$ by ! h]aldic bann]s ( ! lodge1 ! procession foll[s ! same r\te1 ?ree times r\nd ! ,cross1 & !n proce$s to ! abbey4 ,on ^! occasions ! cr[d$ /reets pres5t a sc5e ( ! mo/ animat$ description4 ,! joy\s /ra9s ( a well-conduct$ b&1 ! wav+ tor*es1 & incessant %[]s ( fire-works make ! sc5e a c>nival4 ,b at ?is "t ! v5]able abbey is ! *ief po9t ( attraction & resort1 & z ! tor*-be>]s ?read _! way ?r\gh its m\ld]+ aisles1 & r\nd its massive pill>s1 ! outl9es ( its gorge\s ru9s become s+ul>ly illum9at$1 & br\ght into bold & /rik+ relief4 ,! :ole ext5t ( ! abbey is1 ) 8measur$ /ep & sl[10 gone ?ree times r\nd4 ,b :5 ne> ! f9ale1 ! :ole masonic body ga!r to ! *ancel1 & =m+ "o gr& semicircle ar\nd x1 :]e ! he>t ( ,k+ ,rob]t ,bruce lies deposit$ ne> ! high alt>1 ! b& /rikes up ! patriotic air1 8,scots :a hae wi' ,wallace bl$10 & ! effect ?us produc$ is ov]p[]+4 ,mid/ %[]s ( rockets & ! gl>e ( blue lights ! sc5e closes4--,wade's ,hi/ory ( ,melrose ,abbey1 #ahfa1 p4 #adf4 ,,irel&4 ,! foll[+ extract is tak5 f ! ,liv]pool ,m]cury1 ,june #bi?1 #ahfg3-- ,! old pagan fire-wor%ip /ill survives 9 ,irel&1 ?\gh nom9ally 9 hon\r ( ,/4 ,john4 ,on ,sunday night bonfires 7 obs]v$ ?r\gh\t ne>ly e c\nty 9 ! prov9ce ( ,le9/]4 ,9 ,kilk5ny1 fires blaz$ on e hillside at int]vals ( ab\t a mile4 ,!re 7 v _m 9 ! ,que5's c\nty1 also 9 ,kild>e & ,wex=d4 ,! effect 9 ! ri* sunset appe>$ to travell]s v gr&4 ,! p assemble1 & dance r\nd ! fires1 ! *ildr5 jump ?r\gh ! flames1 & 9 =m] times live coals 7 c>ri$ into ! corn fields to prev5t blight3 ( c\rse1 p are n consci\s t ?is ,midsumm] celebration is a remnant ( ! wor%ip ( ,baal4 ,x is believ$ by _m t ! r\nd t[]s 7 int5d$ = signal fires 9 connection ) ?is wor%ip4--,see ,g5t4 ,mag4 #agie1 vol4 lxv4 pt4 ii4 p4 #abd2 see ,sir ,h5ry ,pi]s's ,description ( ,we/mea?1 #afhb2 & ,! ,comical ,pilgrim's ,pilgrimage into ,irel&1 #agbc p4 #ib4 ,crok]1 9 8 ,rese>*es 9 ! ,s\? ( ,irel& 7#ahbd1 p4 #bcc71 m5tions a cu/om obs]v$ on ! eve ( ,/4 ,john's ,day1 & "s o!r fe/ivals1 ( dress+ up a broom/ick z a figure1 & c>ry+ x ab\t 9 ! twilight f "o cab9 to ! o!r1 & sudd5ly pu%+ x 9 at ! door4 ,! al>m or surprise occasion$ by ?is feat produc$ "s mir?4 ,! figure ?us dress$ up 0 call$ a ,br$ogue4 ,at ,/oole1 ne> ,d[npatrick1 !re is a c]emony comm5c+ at twelve o'clock at night on ,midsumm] ,eve4 ,its sacr$ m\nt is consecrat$ to ,/4 ,patrick2 ! pla9 conta9s ?ree wells1 to :i* ! mo/ extraord9>y virtues are attribut$4 ,"h & !re are heaps ( /ones1 ar\nd "s ( :i* appe> great numb]s ( p1 runn+ ) z mu* spe$ z possible2 ar\nd o!rs cr[ds ( wor%ipp]s kneel ) b>e legs & feet z an indisp5sable "p ( ! p5ance4 ,! m51 )\t coats1 ) h&k]*iefs on _! heads in/ead ( hats1 hav+ gone sev5 times r\nd ea* heap1 kiss ! gr\nd1 cross !mselves1 & proce$ to ! hill2 "h !y asc5d1 on _! b>e knees1 by a pa? s /eep & rugg$ t x w\ld be difficult to walk up4 ,_m hold _! h&s clasp$ at ! back ( _! necks1 & sev]al c>ry l>ge /ones on _! heads4 ,hav+ repeat$ ?is c]emony sev5 times1 !y g to :at is call$ ,/4 ,patrick's ,*air1 :i* are two great flat /ones fix$ upright 9 ! hill2 "h !y cross & bless !mselves z !y /ep 9 betwe5 ^! /ones1 &1 :ile repeat+ pray]s1 an old man1 seat$ = ! purpose1 turns !m r\nd on _! feet ?ree times1 = :i* he is paid2 ! devotee !n goes to conclude 8 p5ance at a pile ( /ones1 nam$ ! ,alt>4 ,:ile ?is busy sc5e is cont9u$ by ! multitude1 ! wells & /reams issu+ f !m are ?rong$ by cr[ds ( halt1 maim$1 & bl9d1 press+ to wa% away _! infirmities ) wat] consecrat$ by _! patron sa9t1 & s p[]ful is ! impression ( its efficacy on _! m9ds1 t _m ( ^? :o g to be heal$1 & :o are n totally bl9d1 or altoge!r crippl$1 really believe = a "t t !y are by means ( its miracul\s virtues p]fectly re/or$4--,hib]nian ,magaz9e1 ,july #ahag4 ,,june #bd4 ,,midsumm] ,,day--,,/4 ,,john ,,! ,,bapti/',s ,,day4 ,! g5]al cu/oms connect$ ) ?is season comm5c$ on ! prec$+ ev5+4--,see ,midsumm] ,eve4 ,,buck+ham%ire4 ,! ,/atus ,s*ol ,eton5sis1 ,a4,d4 #aefj 7,,ms4 ,addit4 ,brit4 ,mus4 #dhac71 says3 8,m5se ,junii1 9 ,fe/o ,natalis ,d4 ,johannis po/ matut9as preces1 dum consuetudo floruit acc$ebant omnes s*ola/ici ad rogum extructum 9 ori5tali regione templi1 ubi rev]5t] a symphoniacis cantatis tribus ,antiphonis1 et pu]is 9 ord9e /antibus v5itur ad m]5dam40 ,,cambridge%ire4 ,on a common call$ ,midsumm] ,gre51 9 ! p>i% ( ,b>nwell1 an annual fair is held1 comm5c+ on ,midsumm] ,day1 & cont9u+ = a =tnight4 ,?is fair is suppos$ to h orig9at$ ) ! assemblages ( *ildr5 at ?is place on ! eve ( ,/4 ,john ! ,bapti/'s ,day1 ^: ye>ly ga!r+s be+ att5d$ by a consid]able conc\rse ( p1 attract$ ! notice ( "s p$l>s1 :o began to dispose ( _! m]*&ise on ?is spot z e>ly z ! reign ( ,h5ry ,i4 ,! articles br\ght = sale are *iefly e>!n-w>es1 :5ce ! fe/ival has atta9$ ! "n ( ,pot fair4 ,! fair is proclaim$ on ! eve ( ,midsumm] ,day by ! heads ( ! ,univ]sity1 fir/ 9 ! middle ( ! village1 & aft]w>ds on ! gre5 :]e x is celebrat$4 ,x appe>s to h assum$ its legal =m 9 ! reign ( ,h5ry ,,iii4--,brayley & ,britton1 ,beauties ( ,engl& & ,wales1 #ahji1 vol4 ii4 p4 #aaj4 ,,*e%ire4 ,9 =m] times !re 0 a privilege ( lic5s+ ! m9/rels1 peculi> to ! anci5t family ( ,dutton4 ,! orig9al grant came f ,e>l ,r&al ,blundeville to ,rog] ,lacy1 con/able ( ,*e/]2 & 8 son1 ,john ,lacy1 assign$ ! privilege to ! family ( ,dutton4 ,! anniv]s>y ( ?is solemnity 0 con/antly celebrat$ on ! fe/ival ( ,/4 ,john ! ,bapti/ by a regul> procession ( all ! m9/rels to ! *ur* ( ?is tutel>y sa9t 9 ! city ( ,*e/]4 ,b aft] hav+ be5 con/antly obs]v$ = at lea/ #eej ye>s1 x seems to h be5 discont9u$ 9 #ageh2 &1 z an in/ance h[ sacr$ ^! exclusive privileges 7 e/eem$ by legislative wisdom1 ! ,act ( ! #bi? ( ,elizabe?1 :i* decl>es all it9]ant m9/rels to be vagabonds1 p>ticul>ly excepts ! m9/rel-jurisdiction ( ,john ,dutton1 ( ,dutton 9 ,*e%ire1 ,esq4--,g[]1 ,mat]ials = a ,hi/ory ( ,*e%ire1 #agga1 p4 #fg4 ,,cornwall4 ,hit*9s1 9 8 ,hi/ory ( ,cornwall 7#ahbd1 vol4 i4 p4 #gag71 says3 ,midsumm] ,day is consid]$ z a high holiday1 on :i* ei!r a pole is erect$1 decorat$ ) g>l&s1 or "s flags display$1 to d5ote ! sanctity ( ! "t4 ,?is cu/om has prevail$ f "t immemorial1 ( :i* x is sc>cely possible to trace ! orig94 ,,devon%ire4 ,lynton revel beg9s on ! fir/ ,sunday aft] ,midsumm] ,day4 ,x =m]ly la/$ a week4 ,z 9 ! days be=e ! ,re=mation1 revels until lately began on a ,sunday 9 ,lynton & ,lynm\?1 a b>rel ( be] hav+ be5 plac$ ne> ! *ur* gate 9 read9ess = ! p com+ out ( *ur*1 :o p>took ( a glass & a cake1 call$ revel cake1 made ) d>k fl\r1 currants1 & c>raway se$s4 ,wre/l+ =m$ a *ief feature 9 ! amusem5ts1 & l>ge sums 7 rais$ by subscription to pur*ase prizes4 ,h[ev] odd x may appe>1 x is n m ?an tw5ty ye>s s9ce ! silv] spoons1 b\ght z prizes to be wre/l$ =1 7 exhibit$ hung 9 front ( ! gall]y 9 ,c\ntisbury ,*ur* dur+ div9e s]vice on ,revel ,sunday4 ,( late ye>s1 h[ev]1 ow+ to ! preval5ce ( drunk5ness1 especially on ! ,sunday aft]noon1 ! respectable inhabitants h set _! faces aga9/ ^! revels1 :i* h n[ dw9dl$ into insignificance4 ,! collusion :i* sprang up among ! wre/l]s to %>e ! prizes1 )\t _! be+ won by a real trial ( skill & /r5g?1 ha/5$ also greatly to abate ! en?usiasm ( ! subscrib]s1 s t ( late ! prizes h n be5 beyond a few %ill+s collect$ f ! p on ! gr\nd4 ,?is ( itself has giv5 a dea?-bl[ to ! revel4--,coop]1 ,guide to ,lynton & ,lynm\?1 #ahec1 p4 #ch4 ,,isle ,,( ,,man4 ,on ?is day a t5t is erect$ on ! summit ( ! ,tynwald ,hill 7call$ also ,cronk-y-,keeill[n1 i4e41 ,/4 ,john's ,*ur* ,hill1 a m\nd said to h be5 orig9ally br\ght f ea* ( ! sev5te5 p>i%es ( ! isl&71 & prep>ations are made = ! reception ( ! (fic]s ( /ate1 accord+ to anci5t cu/om4 ,e>ly 9 ! morn+ ! ,gov]nor proce$s f ,ca/let[n "u a milit>y escort to ,/4 ,john's ,*apel1 situat$ a few hundr$ y>ds to ! ea/w>d ( ! ,tynwald ,hill4 ,"h he is receiv$ by ! ,bi%op1 ! ,c\ncil1 ! cl]gy1 & ! keys1 & all att5d ,div9e s]vice 9 ! *apel1 ! ,gov]nm5t *apla9 (ficiat+4 ,?is end$1 !y m>* 9 a procession f ! *apel to ! m\nt1 ! milit>y =m$ 9 l9e on ea* side ( ! gre5 turf walk4 ,! cl]gy take ! lead1 next comes ! ,vic>-,g5]al1 & ! two ,deem/]s1 !n ! be>] ( ! sword ( /ate 9 front ( ! ,gov]nor1 :o is succe$$ by ! ,cl]k ( ! ,rolls1 ! tw5ty-f\r keys1 & ! capta9s ( ! diff]5t p>i%es4 ,! c]emony ( ! ,tynwald ,hill is ?us /at$ 9 ! ,lex ,scripta ( ! ,isle ( ,man1 z giv5 = law to ,sir ,john ,/anley1 9 #adag3 8,?is is ! con/itution ( old "t1 h[ yee %\ld be gov]n$ on ! ,t9wald day4 ,fir/ y %all come ?i!r 9 y\r royal array1 z a k+ ought to d by ! pr]ogatives & royalties ( ! l& ( ,mann1 & ^u ! hill ( ,t9wald sitt 9 a *air cov]$ ) a royal cloa? & qui%ions1 & y\r visage 9 ! ea/1 & y\r sword be=e y1 hold5 ) ! po9t upw>d4 ,y\r ,b>rons 9 ! ?ird degree sitt+ beside y1 & y\r b5efic$ m5 & y\r ,deem/]s be=e y sitt+1 & y\r cl>ke1 y\r knight1 esquires1 & yeom5 ab\t y 9 ! ?ird degree1 & ! wor?ie/ m5 9 y\r l& to be call$ 9 be=e y\r ,deem/]s1 if y w ask any?+ ( !m1 & to he> ! gov]nm5t ( y\r l& & y\r w2 & ! ,commons to /& )\t ! circle ( ! hill1 ) ?ree cle>kes 9 _! surplices1 & y\r ,deem/]s %all call ! coron] ( ,glanfaba1 & he %all call 9 all ! coron]s ( ,man1 & _! y>des 9 _! h&s1 ) _! weapons ^u !m1 ei!r sword or axe2 & ! mo>es1 t is to witt ( e %ead+2 !n ! *ief coron]1 t is1 ! coron] ( ,glanfaba1 %all make aff5ce ^u pa9 ( life or lyme1 t no man make a di/urbance or /irr 9 ! "t ,t9wald1 or any murmur1 or ris+ 9 ! ,k+'s pres5ce1 ^u pa9 ( hang+ & draw+2 & !n to proce$ 9 y\r matt]s :atsoev] y h to doe1 9 felonie or treason1 or o!r matt]s t t\* ! gov]nm5t ( y\r l& ( ,manne40--,cumm+'s ,hi/ory ( ! ,isle ( ,man1 #ahdh1 pp4 #ahe1 #ahf4 ,,middlesex4 8,!re is ?is solemn & *>itable cu/om 9 ye ,*4 ( ,/4 ,m>y-,hill1 ,london4 ,on ! next ,sunday aft] ,midsumm] ,day1 e ye>1 ! fell[%ip ( ! ,port]s ( ye ,city ( ,london1 "t out ( m9d1 come to ?is *ur* 9 ye morn+1 & :il/ ! ,psalms are read+1 !y gr\p two & two t[>ds ! rails ( ye ,communion table1 :]e are set two basons2 & !re !y make _! (f]+1 & s return to ! body ( ye ,*ur* aga94 ,aft] !n ! inhabitants ( ye p>i% & _! wives1 & o!rs also !n at *ur*1 make _! (f]+ likewise2 & ! money s (f]$ is giv5 to ! poor decrepit ,port]s ( ! said fell[%ip = _! bett] subsi/5ce40--,newcomb's ,,ms4 ,collect41 cit$ by ,bi%op ,k5nett4 ,,nor?ampton%ire4 ,x 0 ! cu/om to /rew ! *ur* ( ,middleton ,*5duit1 9 summ]1 ) hay ga!r$ f six or sev5 swa?s 9 ,a% ,mead[1 :i* 7 giv5 = ?is purpose4 ,9 ! w9t] ! rector f\nd /raw4--,bridges's ,hi/ory ( ,nor?ampton%ire1 #agia1 vol4 i4 p4 #ahg4 ,,nor?umb]l&4 ,x is cu/om>y on ?is day to dress out /ools ) a cu%ion ( fl[]s4 ,a lay] ( clay is plac$ on ! /ool1 & !re9 is /uck1 ) great regul>ity1 an arrangem5t ( all k9ds ( fl[]s1 s close z to =m a beautiful cu%ion4 ,^! are exhibit$ at ! doors ( h\ses 9 ! villages1 & at ! ends ( /reets & cross lanes ( l>g] t[ns1 :]e ! att5dants beg money f pass5g]s to enable !m to h an ev5+ fte & danc+4 ,?is cu/om is evid5tly d]iv$ f ! 8,ludi ,compitalii0 ( ! ,romans2 ?is appellation 0 tak5 f ! compita1 or cross lanes1 :]e !y 7 in/itut$ & celebrat$ by ! multitude assembl$ be=e ! build+ ( ,rome4 ,x 0 ! fea/ ( ! l>es1 or h\sehold gods1 :o presid$ z well ov] h\ses z /reets4--,hut*9son's ,hi/ory ( ,nor?umb]l&4 ,,ox=d%ire4 ,! foll[+ notice ( a curi\s cu/om1 =m]ly obs]v$ at ,magdal5 ,college1 ,ox=d1 is tak5 f ! ,life ( ,bi%op ,horne1 by ! ,rev4 ,william ,jones 7,works1 vol4 xii4 p4 #aca73--8;,a lett] ( ,july ! #be?1 #agee1 in=m$ me t ,mr4 ,horne1 accord+ to an e/abli%$ cu/om at ,magdal5 ,college1 9 ,ox=d1 _h begun to prea* be=e ! ,univ]sity1 on ! day ( ,/4 ,john ! ,bapti/4 ,= ! prea*+ ( ?is annual s]mon1 a p]man5t pulpit ( /one is ins]t$ into a corn] ( ! fir/ quadrangle2 & s long z ! /one pulpit 0 9 use 7( :i* ,i h be5 a witness71 ! quadrangle 0 furni%$ r\nd ! sides ) a l>ge f5ce ( gre5 b\ghs1 t ! prea*+ might m ne>ly resemble t ( ,john ! ,bapti/ 9 ! wild]ness2 & a pleasant sight x 03 b = _m ye>s ! cu/om has be5 discont9u$1 & ! assembly h ?\ght x saf] to take %elt] "u ! ro( ( ! *apel40 ,at ! m[+ ( ,revel-m$e1 a mead[ betwe5 ,bice/] & ,w5dlebury1 mo/ ( ! diff]5t k9ds ( rural sports 7 usually practis$2 & 9 su* repute 0 ! holiday1 t boo?s & /alls 7 erect$ z if x _h be5 a fair4 ,! orig9 ( ! cu/om is unkn[n2 b z ! amusem5ts took place at ! "t :5 ! mead[ became subject to commonage1 "s h suppos$ x orig9at$ 9 ! rejoic+s ( ! villag]s on t acc\nt4 ,^! sports entirely ceas$ on ! enclosure ( ,*e/]ton field4--,dunk91 ,hi/ory ( ,bice/]1 #ahaf1 p4 #bfi4 ,,som]set%ire4 ,coll9son1 9 8 ,hi/ory ( ! ,c\nty ( ,som]set 7#agia1 vol4 iii4 p4 #ehf71 gives an acc\nt ( a cu/om t 0 celebrat$ on ! ,saturday be=e old ,midsumm] ,day 9 ! p>i%es ( ,congresbury & ,puxton1 at two l>ge pieces ( common l&1 call$ ,ea/ & ,we/ ,dolemoors4 ,^!1 he says1 7 divid$ into s+le acres1 ea* be>+ a peculi> & diff]5t m>k cut on ! turf1 su* z a horn1 f\r ox5 & a m>e1 two ox5 & a m>e1 pole-axe1 cross1 dung-=k1 ov51 duck's ne/1 h& reel1 & h>e's tail4 ,on ! ,saturday be=e old ,midsumm] ,day1 sev]al proprietors ( e/ates 9 ! p>i%es ( ,congresbury1 ,puxton1 & ,week ,/4 ,lawr5ce1 or _! t5ants1 assembl$ on ! commons4 ,a numb] ( apples 7 previ\sly prep>$1 m>k$ 9 ! same mann] ) ! be=e-m5tion$ acres1 :i* 7 di/ribut$ by a "y lad to ea* ( ! common]s f a bag or hat4 ,at ! close ( ! di/ribution1 ea* p]son repair$ to 8 allotm5t z 8 apple direct$ him1 & took possession = ! ensu+ ye>4 ,an adj\rnm5t !n took place to ! h\se ( ! ov]se] ( ,dolemoors 7an (fic] annually elect$ f ! t5ants71 :]e f\r acres1 res]v$ = ! purpose ( pay+ exp5ses1 7 let by in* ( c&le1 & ! rema9d] ( ! day 0 sp5t 9 sociability & he>ty mir?4 ,,wilt%ire4 ,at ,*ilt]n !re is a sport widely practis$ by ! boys1 :i* !y call 8egg-hopp+40 ,at ! comm5cem5t ( summ] ! lads =age ! woods 9 que/ ( birds' eggs4 ,^!1 :5 f\nd1 !y place on ! road at di/ances ap>t 9 proportion to ! r>ity or abundance ( ! species ( egg4 ,! hopp] is !n bl9dfold$1 & he endeav\rs to break z _m z he c 9 a c]ta9 numb] ( jumps4 ,! univ]sality ( ! game1 & ! exi/5ce ( v>i\s sup]/itions1 comb9$ ) _! refusal to "p ) ! eggs = money1 w\ld w>rant a supposition t "s sup]/ition is connect$ ) x4--,n4 ,q4 #crd4 ,s4 vol4 iv4 p4 #dib4 ,,york%ire4 ,old ,midsumm] ,day1 says ,cole 7,hi/ory ( ,scalby1 #ahbi1 p4 #dd71 is1 at ,scalby1 a k9d ( gala "t1 :5 ! sports1 z !y are t]m$1 take place1 consi/+ ( ! mo/ ru/ic description ( amusem5ts1 su* z donkey-rac+1 c41 & :5 boo?s are erect$ = ! accommodation ( ! sev]al visitors1 & ! village pres5ts a motley fair-l appe>ance4 ,,irel&4 ,,co4 ,,cork4 ,a pilgrimage to ! s\rce ( ! ,riv] ,lee is "o frequ5tly p]=m$ by two v diff]5t classes ( p]sons--! sup]/iti\s & ! curi\s2 ! fir/ l$ by a traditional sanctity atta*$ to ! place1 ! latt] by ! reput$ sublimity ( its sc5]y1 & a desire ( witness+ ! religi\s assemblies & c]emonies ( ! peasantry4 ,! sc5]y ( ,g\gaun lake is bold & rugg$1 surr\nd$ by rocky & b>r5 m\nta9s2 9 its c5tre is a small & solit>y isl&1 connect$ ) ! %ore by a n>r[ artificial causeway1 con/ruct$ to facilitate ! rites ( religi\s devotees1 :o annually flock ?i!r on ! #bd? ,june 7,/4 ,john's ,day71 & ! celebration ( a pi\s fe/ival4 ,! pr9cipal build+ on ! isl& is a rudely =m$ circul> wall ( consid]able solidity1 9 ! ?ickness ( :i* are n9e ar*$ recesses or cells1 call$ *apels1 sev]ally d$icat$ to p>ticul> sa9ts1 ) a pla9 flag-/one set up 9 ea* z an alt>4 ,on ! celebration ( ! religi\s meet+ ^! cells are fill$ ) m5 & wom5 9 v>i\s acts ( devotion1 almo/ all ( !m on _! knees4 ,crok]1 9 8 ,rese>*es 9 ! ,s\? ( ,irel& 7#ahbd1 p4 #bge71 describ+ "o ( ^! pilgrimages1 says3 ,to a piece ( ru/y iron consid]able importance seems to h be5 atta*$2 x pass$ f "o devotee to ano!r ) mu* c]emony4 ,! =m consi/$ 9 plac+ x ?ree times1 ) a %ort pray]#gb across ! head ( ! ne>e/ p]son to :om x 0 !n h&$1 & :o w5t ?r\gh ! same c]emony ) ! next to him1 & ?us x circulat$ f "o to ! o!r4 ,! banks ( ! lake 7 ! sc5es ( m]ry-mak+4 ,almo/ e t5t _h its pip]1 two or ?ree "y m5 & wom5 danc+ ! jig4 #gb 8,copy ( ! pray] to be said at ! well ( ,/4 ,john4--#8,o ,almighty ,god1 z ,i h und]tak5 ?is j\rney by way ( pilgrimage 9 & ?r\gh a p5it5tial _s1 9 ! fir/ place ,i hope to r5d] myself wor?y ( ! fav\r ,i mean to ask1 to avoid drunk5ness & lic5ti\sness1 & hope to f9d fav\r 9 ?y sight2 ,i !re=e pay ?is tribute & fulfil ! promise ,i h made2 ,i ask y !re=e1 ?r\gh ! int]cession ( ,/4 ,john1 to grant me ! foll[+ fav\r 7"h m5tion y\r ailm5t1 ! p>ticul> fav\r y /& 9 ne$ (74 ,i "k h[ unwor?y ,i am ( be+ he>d1 b ,i resolve1 ) ?y graci\s assi/ance1 h5ce=w>d to r5d] myself wor?y ( y\r fav\r4 ,i implore ?is gift ?r\gh ! int]cession ( ,/4 ,john1 & ! suff]+s ( ,*ri/ our ,"l4 ,am54' 8,n4,b4 ,y mu/ be c>eful to avoid all excess 9 dr9k+1 danc+ 9 t5ts1 = x is impossible *>act]s c f9d fav\r 9 ! sight ( ,god1 su* z ^!4 ,fa/+ go+ !re _h =m]ly be5 ! cu/om40 ,,co4 ,,lim]ick4 ,at "o "t1 ! tradesm5 ( ,lim]ick m>*$1 on ,midsumm] ,day1 arrang$ "u _! respective lead]s1 decorat$ ) sa%es1 ribbons1 & fl[]s1 & accompani$ ) a b& ( musicians1 & ! %\ts ( ! delight$ populace1 ?r\gh ! pr9cipal /reets ( ! city1 :ile _! m]ry-m5 play$ a ?\s& antic tricks1 & ! day g5]ally end$ 9 a t]rible fight betwe5 ! ,g>ry[5 & ,?omond-gate boys 7! tradesm5 ( ! nor? & s\? suburbs74--,fitzg]ald & ,macgregor's ,hi/ory ( ,lim]ick1 #ahbg1 p4 #edj4 ,,june #be4 ,,york%ire4 ,9 ! village ( ,micklefield1 ab\t t5 miles ea/ ( ,le$s1 x is ! cu/om on ! second day ( ! fea/1 7,june #be?7 = ab\t twelve ( ! villag]s1#gc dress$1 9 _! be/ g>b1 & we>+ a :ite apron l'pici]1 to c>ry a l>ge basket 7g5]ally a clo!s-basket7 to ea* f>m-h\se 9 ! village1 ! occupi] ( :i* seems to consid] x 8 b\nd5 duty to give !m a good supply ( confection]y ( "s k9d to take away ) !m1 & ale ad libitum to dr9k 9 8 h\se4--,n4 4 ,q4 #crd ,s4 vol4 iii4 p4 #bfc4 #gc ,^! villag]s call !mselves 8,joss ,w$d+]s40 787 ,,june #bi4 ,,/4 ,,pet]',s ,,day4 ,on ?is day _m ( ! rites peculi> to ! fe/ival ( ,/4 ,john ! ,bapti/ 7 repeat$4 ,,buck+ham%ire4 ,x appe>s f ! ,/atus ,s*ol ,eton5sis 7,a4,d4 #aefj7 t ! ,eton boys _h a great bonfire annually on ! ea/ side ( ! *ur* on ,/4 ,pet]'s ,day1 z well z on t ( ,/4 ,john ,bapti/4 ,,k5t4 ,! /rang] :o *ances to att5d ,div9e s]vice 9 ,f>nbor\gh p>i% *ur* on ! ,sunday next aft] ! fea/ ( ,/4 ,pet]1 has 8 att5tion arre/$ by ! floor ( ! por* be+ /rew$ ) re$s4 ,by an ab/ract ( ! w ( ,george ,dalton1 ,g5t41 ( ,f>nbor\gh1 dat$ ,decemb] #crd1 #aeef1 set =? on a mural tablet 9 ! int]ior ( ! *ur*1 he le>ns t ?is g5tleman settl$ a p]petual annuity ( #acs4 #d;d4 *>geable ^u 8 l&s at ,tupp5d5ce3 #ajs4 to ! prea*] ( a s]mon on ! ,sunday next aft] ! fea/ ( ,/4 ,pet]1 & #cs4 #d;d4 to ! poor4 ,local traditional lore affirms t ,mr4 ,dalton 0 sav$ f dr[n+ by re$s1 & t ! annual s]mon & odd mann] ( decorat+ ! por* are commemorative ( ! ev5t4 ,?is day is call$ by ! inhabitants ( ! village1 ,re$ ,day or ,flag ,day4--,maid/one ,gazette1 #ahei4 ,,nor?ampton%ire4 ,cole1 9 8 ,hi/ory ( ,we/on ,favell 7#ahbi1 p4 #eh71 says3--,! fea/ foll[s ,/4 ,pet]'s ,day4 ,! amusem5ts & sports ( ! week consi/ ( d9n] & tea p>ties =m$ f ! adjac5t t[ns1 :i* meet+s are frequ5tly conclud$ ) a ball1 inde$ a dance at ! inns on ! few fir/ days ( ! fea/ is indisp5sable4 ,games at b[ls & quoits are pursu$ ) great dext]ity & int]e/ by ! m a?letic visitants1 & 9 ! ev5+ ! place pres5ts a motley1 fair-l appe>ance2 b ?is cont9ues = no long] p]iod ?an ! second or ?ird day 9 ! fea/ week4 ,,nor?umb]l&4 ,=m]ly1 says ,br& 7,pop4 ,antiq4 #ahdi1 vol4 i4 p4 #ccg71 on ! ev5+ ( ,/4 ,pet]'s ,day1 ! inhabitants ( ?is c\nty c>ri$ firebr&s ab\t ! fields ( _! respective p>i%es4 ,!y made encroa*m5ts on ^! occasions ^u ! bonfires ( ! neighb\r+ t[ns1 ( :i* !y took away "s ( ! a%es by =ce2 ?is !y call$ 8c>ry+ (f ! fl[] 7probably ! fl\r7 ( ! wake40 ,,york%ire4 ,9 an old acc\nt ( ,gisbor\gh1 9 ,clevel&1 & ! adjo9+ coa/1 pr9t$ 9 ! ,antiqu>ian ,rep]tory 7#ahjh1 vol4 iii4 p4 #cjd7 f an anci5t ,,ms4 9 ! ,cotton ,libr>y 7m>k$ ,julius ,f4 ,c41 fol4 #dee71 speak+ ( ! fi%]m51 x is /at$ t 8,^u ,/4 ,pet]'s ,daye !y invite _! fri5ds & k9sfolk to a fe/yvall kept aft] _! fa%ion ) a free he>te1 & noe %ew ( nigg>dnesse2 t daye _! boates are dress$ curi\sly = ! %ewe1 _! ma/es are pa9t$1 & c]ta9 rytes obs]v$ among/ !m1 ) spr9kl+ _! pr[es ) good liquor1 sold ) !m at a groate ! qu>te1 :i* cu/om or sup]/ition1 suckt f _! aunce/ors1 ev5 contynue? d[n unto ?is pres5t tyme40 ,! fea/ day ( ,nun-,monkton is kept on ,/4 ,pet]'s ,day1 & is foll[$ by ! 8,little ,fea/ ,day10 & a m]ry "t ext5d+ ov] a week4 ,on ! ,saturday ev5+ prec$+ ! #bi? a company ( ! villag]s1 head$ by all ! fiddl]s & play]s on o!r in/rum5ts t c\ld be mu/]$ at "o "t w5t 9 procession across ! great common to 8,may-pole ,hill10 :]e !re is an old sycamore 7! pole be+ ne> x7 = ! purpose ( 8ris+ ,pet]10 :o _h be5 buri$ "u ! tree4 ,?is effigy ( ,/4 ,pet]1 a rude "o ( wood1 c>v$--no "o pr(ess$ to "k :5--& 9 ^! lat] times clo!d 9 a ridicul\s fa%ion1 0 remov$ 9 its box-c(f9 to ! neighb\rhood ( ! public-h\se1 !re to be expos$ to view1 &1 ) z little delay z possible1 convey$ to "s out-build+1 :]e x 0 /[$ away & ?\ght no m ab\t till ! fir/ ,saturday aft] ! fea/ day 7or ! second if ! #bi? _h occurr$ at ! back end ( a week71 :5 x 0 tak5 back 9 procession aga91 & re-int]r$ ) all hon\r :i* conclud+ c]emony 0 call$ 8,bury9' ,pet]40 ,9 ?is way did ,/4 ,pet] preside ov] 8 own fea/4 ,on ! ev5+ ( ! fir/ day ( ! fea/1 two "y m5 w5t r\nd ! village ) l>ge baskets = ! purpose ( collect+ t>ts1 *eese-cakes1 & eggs = mull$ ale--all be+ consum$ aft] ! two c]emonies above indicat$4 ,?is la/ good cu/om is n done away ) yet1 supp]s &1 aft]w>ds1 danc+ 9 a b>n be+ ! ord] :ile ! fea/ la/s4--,n4 ,q4 #d? ,s4 vol4 i4 p4 #cfa4 ,,scotl&4 ,9 ,s9clair's ,/at4 ,acc4 ( ,scotl& 7#agib1 vol4 iii4 p4 #aje7 we are told t at ,l\d\n1 9 ,ayr%ire1 ! cu/om /ill reta9s among ! h]ds & "y p to k9dle fires 9 ! high gr\nds1 9 hon\r ( ,beltan4 ,beltan 0 anci5tly ! "t ( ?is solemnity4 ,x is kept on ,/4 ,pet]'s day4 ,,july4 ,,comm5cem5t ,,day4 ,,cambridge%ire4 ,9 ! ,univ]sity ( ,cambridge1 ! fir/ ,tuesday 9 ,july is usually ! ,comm5cem5t ,day4 ,! ,comm5cem5t ,sunday is ! ,sunday imm$iately be=e ! ,comm5cem5t ,day4 ,x is a commemoration day4 ,on ,comm5cem5t ,sunday1 ! ,vice-,*ancellor invites to d9n] all noblem51 ! ?ree ,regius ,pr(essors1 & _! sons & ! public orator4--,adam ,wall1 ,c]emonies obs]v$ 9 ! ,s5ate ,h\se ( ! ,univ]sity ( ,cambridge1 #agih1 p4 #gf4 ,,hunt+don%ire4 ,at ,old ,we/on a piece ( gre5 sw>d belongs by cu/om to ! p>i% cl]k = ! "t be+1 subject to ! condition ( ! l& be+ m[n imm$iately be=e ,we/on fea/1 :i* occurs 9 ,july1 & ! cutt+ !re( be+ /rew$ on ! *ur* floor previ\sly to ,div9e s]vice on ! fea/ ,sunday1 & cont9u+ !re dur+ ,div9e s]vice4--,edw>ds1 ,old ,engli% ,cu/oms & ,*>ities1 p4 #bbj4 ,,lanca%ire4 ,at ,altc> ! p>i% *ur* is d$icat$ to ,/4 ,mi*ael1 &1 9 accordance ) a v old cu/om1 a ru%-be>+ takes place 9 ,july4--,see ,m$4 vi ,kal5d4 vol4 i4 p4 #cda4 ,,nor?umb]l&4 ,9 ! ,hi/ory ( ,alnwick 7#ahbb1 pp4 #bda-bdd7 ! foll[+ acc\nt is giv5 ( an anci5t cu/om celebrat$ on ! proclamation ( ! fair held 9 ,july4 ,on ! ,sunday ev5+ prec$+ ! fair1 ! repres5tatives ( ! adjac5t t[n%ips t owe suit & s]vice to 8 ,grace ! ,duke ( ,nor?umb]l&1 & ! con/ables ( ,alnwick1 ) sev]al ( ! freehold]s & tradesm51 att5d at ! ca/le1 :]e !y are freely regal$4 ,! /ew>d ( ! ,c\rt1 & ! bailiff ) _! att5dants1 !n proce$ f ! ca/le to ! cross 9 ! m>ket-place1 :]e ! bailiff proclaims ! fair 9 ! "n ( ! ,duke & ,du*ess ( ,nor?umb]l&1 & calls ov] ! names ( ! v>i\s t[n%ips t owe suit & s]vice2 viz4 ! t[n%ips ( ,*atton & ,*ill+ham1 f\r m51 ,coldm>ton & ,f[bury1 f\r m52 ,hetton & ,hezebrigge1 f\r m52 ,fawdon & ,cl9*1 f\r m52 ,alnham & ,alnham ,moor1 two m52 ,tughall & ,sw9hoe1 two m52 ,longh\ghton & ,d5wick1 f\r m52 ,lesbury & ,bilton1 two m52 ,lyham & ,lyham-hall1 "o man2 ) ! pr9cipal inhabitants ( ! bor\gh ( ,alnwick4 ,! repres5tatives :o att5d = ! sev]al t[n%ips 9 s]vice are oblig$ to keep wat* at diff]5t p>ts ( ! t[n ! night be=e ! fair1 :i* has be5 a cu/om f "t immemorial4 ,on ! fair-day ! t5ants ( ! ,duke )9 ! b>ony ( ,alnwick att5d at ! ca/le1 :5 ! /ew>d & bailiff proce$ f !nce to ! m>ket1 & proclaim ! fair z be=e4 ,!y !n g to ,clayport ,/reet1 :]e ! fair is aga9 proclaim$1 & f !nce to ! ca/le4 ,! above t[n%ips1 by _! att5dance1 are exempt f pay+ toll 9 ! bor\gh = twelve mon?s1 b if !y d n att5d1 !y mu/ pay ! same till ! next ye>4 ,,scotl&4 ,,c\nty ,,( ,,ed9burgh4 ,! ,lei? ,races take place ei!r 9 ! mon? ( ,july or ,augu/4 ,z !y 7 "u ! patronage ( ! magi/rates ( ,ed9burgh1 x 0 usual = "o ( ! city (fic]s to walk 9 procession e morn+ dur+ ! week f ! ,c\ncil ,*amb] d[n to ,lei?1 be>+ al(t a silk purse1 gaily decorat$ ) ribbons1 /yl$ ! ,city ,purse1 on ! end ( a pole1 accompani$ by ! t[n-gu>d drumm]1 :o1 be+ /ation$ 9 ! re> ( ?is dignit>y1 cont9u$ beat+ a tattoo at 8 heels all ! way to ! race-gr\nd4 ,! procession :i* at ! onset consi/$ only ( ! (fic] & ! drumm]1 & sometimes a file or two ( ! t[n-gu>d1 ga!r$ /r5g? z x mov$ along ! l9e ( m>*1 f a con/ant accession ( boys1 :o 7 e morn+ on ! look out = ?is procession1 & :o pref]r$1 accord+ to _! own phrase1 8gaun d[n wi' ! purse10 to any o!r way4 ,su* a d5se mass ( ^! f9ally surr\nd$ ! (fic] & 8 att5dant drumm] t1 long be=e ! procession rea*$ ,lei?1 bo? _h :olly disappe>$4 ,no?+ ( ! =m] rema9$ visible b ! purse1 & ! top ( ! pole on :i* x 0 borne4 ,^!1 h[ev]1 project+ above ! heads ( ! cr[d1 /ill po9t$ out ! spot :]e he might be f\nd3 ( ! drumm]1 no ve/ige rema9$2 b he 0 kn[n to exi/ by ! fa9t & int]mitt5t s\nds ( 8 drum4 ,! t[n-gu>d also came 9 = a %>e ( ! hon\rs & ! bus9ess ( ?is fe/ive week4 ,^! 7 m>*$ d[n to ,lei? e day 9 full co/ume4 ,hav+ arriv$ ^u ! s&s1 ! great] "p1 along ) ! drumm]1 took _! /ation at ! />t+-po9t1 :]e ! rema9d] surr\nd$ ! heights4 ,! m>* ( ^! vet]ans to ,lei? is ?us humor\sly describ$ by ,f]guson3-- 8,come1 hafe a c>e 7! capta9 cries71 ,on guns y\r bagnets ?raw3 ,n[ m9d y\r manual ex]cise1 ,& m>* d[n r[ by r[4 ,& z !y m>* he'll gl\r ab\t1 ,t5t a' !r cuts an' sc>s2 ,mang ^! full _m a gausy sn\t ,has gu%t 9 bir?-day w>s ,wi' blude t day40 ,campbell1 ,hi/ory ( ,lei?1 #ahbg1 p4 #ahg4 ,,r5frew%ire4 ,a v curi\s cu/om exi/$ at ,gre5ock1 & 9 ! neighb\r+ t[n ( ,port ,glasg[1 at ! fair held on ! fir/ ,monday 9 ,july1 & ! f\r? ,tuesday 9 ,novemb]4 ,! :ole trades ( ! t[n1 9 ! dresses ( _! guilds1 ) flags & music1 ea* man arm$1 made a gr& r5dezv\s at ! place :]e ! fair 0 to be held1 & ) drawn swords & array ( guns & pi/ols1 surr\nd$ ! boo?s1 & greet$ ! baillie's ann\ncem5t by tuck ( drum1 8t ,gre5ock ,fair 0 op510 by a trem5d\s %\t1 & a /ruggl+ fire f e s]viceable b>rel 9 ! cr[d4--,n4 4 ,q4 #a/ ,s41 vol4 ix4 p4 #bdb4 ,,roxburgh%ire4 ,haig1 9 8 ,hi/ory ( ,kelso 7#ahbe1 p4 #ajg71 tells u t 9 8 "t ! ,society ( ,g>d5]s1 on ! second ,tuesday 9 ,july1 ! day ( _! annual g5]al meet+1 p>ad$ ! /reets1 accompani$ by a b& ( music1 & c>ry+ an elegant device compos$ ( ! mo/ beautiful fl[]s1 :i*1 on ! company rea*+ ! inn :]e !y d9$1 0 ?r[n f ! w9d[ to ! cr[d1 :o soon demoli%$ x 9 a scramble = ! fl[]s4 ,full]1 too1 9 8 ,hi/ory ( ,b]wick-^u-,twe$ 7#agii1 p4 #ddg71 says ! association ( g>d5]s1 :i* took place 9 #agif1 _h 9 8 "t a procession ?r\gh ! /reets ye>ly4 ,x 0 accompani$ ) music2 &1 9 ! middle ( ! procession1 a numb] ( m5 c>ri$ a l>ge wrea? ( fl[]s4 ,! diff]5t (fic]s belong+ to ?is in/itution wore _! respective insignia1 & ! :ole society d9$ toge!r4 ,,july #a4 ,,irel&4 ,mason1 9 8 ,/at4 ,acc4 ( ,irel& 7#ahad1 vol4 ii4 p4 #ebh71 says t ! great holiday 9 ,seagoe is on ! fir/ ( ,july 7,old ,/yle71 be+ ! anniv]s>y ( ! battle ( ! ,boyne4 ,a procession takes place1 ! :ole population we> orange lilies1 & ! day is sp5t 9 fe/ivity4 ,,july #e4 ,,leice/]%ire4 ,at ,gl5field1 ! p>i% cl]k1 9 accordance ) an old cu/om1 /rews ! *ur* ) new hay on ! fir/ ,sunday aft] ! #e? ( ,july4--,edw>ds1 ,old ,engli% ,cu/oms & ,*>ities1 p4 #bai4 ,,july #g4 ,,/4 ,,?omas ,,becket',s ,,day4 ,,cornwall4 ,! fe/ival call$ ,bodm9 ,rid+ 0 kept on ,sunday & ,monday aft] ,/4 ,?omas ,becket's ,day 7,july #g?74 ,a pun*eon ( be] hav+ be5 brew$ 9 ! prec$+ ,octob]1 & bottl$ 9 anticipation ( ! "t1 two or m "y m5 :o 7 entru/$ ) ! *ief managem5t ( ! affair1 & :o repres5t$ ! 8w>d5s10 w5t r\nd ! t[n att5d$ by a b& ( drums & fifes1 or o!r in/rum5ts4 ,! cri] salut$ ea* h\se )1 8,to ! p ( ?is h\se a prosp]\s morn+1 long life1 & a m]ry rid+60 ,! musicians !n /ruck up ! rid+ tune1 & ! h\sehold] 0 solicit$ to ta/e ! rid+ ale1 :i* 0 c>ri$ r\nd 9 baskets4 ,a bottle 0 usually tak5 91 & x 0 ackn[l$g$ by su* a sum z ! means or hum\r ( ! t[nsman p]mitt$1 to be sp5t on ! public fe/ivities ( ! season4 ,next morn+ a procession 0 =m$3 all :o c\ld af=d to ride m\nt$ on horse or ass1 :i* proce$$ fir/ to ! ,priory1 to receive two l>ge g>l&s ( fl[]s fix$ on /aves1 & !n ?r\gh ! pr9cipal /reets to ! ,t[n ,end1 :]e ! games 7 =mally op5$4 ,! sports1 :i* la/$ two days1 consi/$ ( wre/l+1 foot-rac+1 jump+ 9 sacks1 c4 ,x %\ld be rem>k$ t a second or inf]ior brew+1 f ! same wort1 0 drunk at a m9or m]ry-mak+ at ,:itsuntide4 ,9 an ord]1 dat$ ,novemb] #ae?1 #aehc1 regulat+ ! bus9ess ( ! %oemak]s1 a class ( tradesm5 :i* seems = ages to h be5 m ?an usually num]\s 9 ,bodm91 x is direct$ by ! mayor & ! ma/]s ( ! occupation1 8t at ! ,rydyng e ma/] & j\rneyman %all give _! att5dance to ! /ew>d1 & likewise br+ him to *ur*1 ^u pa9 ( #ab;d4 = e ma/]1 & #f;d4 = e j\rneyman1 = e su* default1 to ! discretion ( ! ma/] ( ! occupation40 ,at ?is fe/ival !re 0 held a curi\s k9d ( mock trial4 ,a ,"l ( ,misrule 0 appo9t$1 be=e :om any unpopul> p]son1 s unlucky z to be captur$1 0 dragg$ to answ] a *>ge ( felony2 ! imput$ crime be+ su* z 8 appe>ance might sugge/1 a neglig5ce 9 8 attire1 or a brea* ( mann]s4 ,) ludicr\s gravity a mock trial 0 !n comm5c$1 & judgm5t 0 gravely pron\nc$1 :5 ! culprit 0 hurri$ (f to receive 8 puni%m5t4 ,9 ?is 8 app>el 0 g5]ally a great] suff]] ?an 8 p]son1 z x commonly t]m9at$ 9 8 be+ ?r[n into ! wat] or ! mire4#gd 8,take him be=e ! mayor ( ,halgav]20 8,pres5t him 9 ,halgav] ,c\rt10 are old ,corni% prov]bs4--,p>o*ial ,hi/ory ( ,cornwall1 #ahfh1 vol i4 p4 #ajd4 ,murray1 ,h&book = ,cornwall1 #ahfe1 p4 #bdd4 #gd ,c>ew1 9 8 ,survey ( ,cornwall 7#ahaa1 p4 #bif71 speak+ ( ?is cu/om1 says3 8,! y\?li] sort ( ,bodm9 t[nsm5 use sometimes to sport !mselves by play+ ! box ) /rang]s :om !y summon to ,halgav]4 ,! "n signifie? ! goat's moor1 & su* a place x is1 ly+ a little )\t ! t[n1 & v full ( quagmires4 ,:5 ^! mates ) any raw s]v+ man1 or o!r "y ma/]1 :o may s]ve & des]ve to make pa/ime1 !y cause him to be solemnly arre/$1 = 8 appe>ance be=e ! mayor ( ,halgav]1 :]e he is *>g$ ) we>+ "o spur1 9 go+ untruss$ or want+ a girdle1 or "s su* l felony2 & aft] he ha? be5 arraign$ & tri$1 ) all requisite circum/ances1 judgm5t is giv5 9 =mal t]ms1 & execut$ 9 "s ungraci\s prank or o!r1 m to ! scorn ?an hurt ( ! p>ty condemn$4 ,n[ & !n !y ext5d _! m]rim5t ) ! l>ge/1 to ! prejudice ( ov]-cr$ul\s p1 p]suad+ !m to fight ) a dragon lurk+ 9 ,halgav]1 or to see "s /range matt] !re2 :i* conclude? at lea/ ) a tra9+ !m into ! mire40 ,,k5t4 ,becket's ,fair1 says ,ha/$ 9 8 ,hi/ory ( ,cant]bury 7#ahja1 vol4 i4 p4 #ajd71 0 held on ! fea/ ( ,/4 ,?omas ,becket1 & 0 s call$ f ?is day be+ ! anniv]s>y ( ! ,ar*bi%op's translation f 8 tomb to 8 %r9e1 & z su* 0 fix$ = ?is purpose1 z a means ( ga!r+ toge!r a great] multitude = ! celebration ( ?is solemn day4 ,,nor?ampton%ire4 ,9 "s p>ts ( ?is c\nty ! ,sunday aft] ,/4 ,?omas ,becket's ,day goes by ! "n ( ,relic ,sunday4--,"t's ,telescope1 #ahbb1 p4 #aib4 ,,july #i4 ,,/af=d%ire4 ,!re exi/$ at "o "t1 at ,wolv]hampton1 an annual procession1 on ,july #i? 7! eve ( ! great fair71 ( m5 9 antique arm\r1 prec$$ by musicians play+ ! 8fair tune10 & foll[$ by ! /ew>d ( ! ,dean]y ,manor1 ! peace-(fic]s1 & _m ( ! pr9cipal inhabitants4 ,tradition says ! c]emony orig9at$ at ! "t :5 ,wolv]hampton 0 a great emporium ( wool1 & resort$ to by m]*ants ( ! /aple f all p>ts ( ,engl&4 ,! necessity ( an annual =ce to keep peace & ord] dur+ ! fair 7:i* is said to h la/$ f\rte5 days1 b ! *>t] says only eight7 is n improbable4 ,x 0 f9ally discont9u$ by ,sir ,william ,pult5ey1 :o 0 ! lessee ( ! ,dean]y ,manor1 to ! great dissatisfaction ( ! p ( ,wolv]hampton4 ,^! processions 7 ! rema9s ( ! ,corpus ,*ri/i pageantry1 :i* 7 always celebrat$ at ! annual fairs1 & att5d$ by m5 arm$ & equipp$ z if = w>4--,%aw1 ,hi/ory ( ,/af=d%ire1 #agih-ahja1 p4 #afe2 ,oliv]1 ,hi/orical ,acc\nt ( ! ,collegiate ,*ur* ( ,wolv]hampton1 #ahcf1 p4 #dd4 ,,july #ab4 ,,irel&4 ,at ,magh]a1 ,c\nty ,d[n1 on ! #ab? ( ,july1 ! anniv]s>y ( ! battle ( ,aughrim1 ! ,orangem5 assemble1 walk 9 _! insignia1 & d9e toge!r4--,mason1 ,/at4 ,acc4 ( ,irel&1 #ahdd1 vol4 i4 p4 #eid4 ,,july #ae4 ,,/4 ,,s)9',s ,,day4 ,/4 ,s)9 0 ,*ancellor ( ! ,ex*equ] 9 ! "t ( ,k+ ,e!lb]t1 & ! great patron sa9t ( ! ca!dral & city ( ,w9*e/]4 ,9 "s *ur*-books !re are entries ( ga!r+s ( 8,sa9t ,s)9e's f>?yngs0 on ?is day4 ,!re is an old prov]b :i* says3 8,/4 ,s)9's ,day1 if ?\ do/ ra91 ,= =ty days x w rema93 ,/4 ,s)9's ,day1 if ?\ be fair1 ,= =ty days 'twill ra9 na mair40 ,!re is also a qua9t say+1 t :5 x ra9s on ,/4 ,s)9's ,day1 x is ! sa9t *ri/5+ ! apples4--,see ,timbs' ,?+s n ,g5]ally ,kn[n1 #ahef1 p4 #aec4 ,,surrey4 ,9 ! ,*ur*w>d5s' acc\nts ( ! p>i% ( ,horley1 "u ! ye>s #aeje-f1 is ! foll[+ entry1 :i* implies a ga!r+ on ?is sa9t's day3-- 8,itm4 ,sa9tt ,s)9e f>?yngs ! said #b y]es1 #cjs4 #h;d40 ,,york%ire4 ,sports 7 at "o "t annually celebrat$ at ,cl\ghton on ,saturday ev5+ aft] ! #ae? ,july4--,cole1 ,hi/orical ,sket*es ( ,scalby1 ,burni/on1 & ,cl\ghton1 #ahbi1 p4 #fc4 ,,july #ag4 ,,/4 ,,k5elm',s ,,day4 ,,worce/]%ire4 ,at ,cl5t1 9 ! p>i% ( ,hales ,ow51 a fair 0 =m]ly held 9 a field 9 :i* ,/4 ,k5elm's ,*apel is situat$4 ,x is1 says ,br&1 ( v anci5t date1 & probably arose f ! ga!r+ toge!r ( p]sons to visit ! %r9e ( ,/4 ,k5elm on ! fea/ ( ! sa9t1 #ag? ( ,july4 ,on ! ,sunday aft] ?is fair1 ,/4 ,k5elm's wake 0 held1 at :i* a curi\s cu/om 0 practis$1 call$ 8,crabb+ ! ,p>son10 ! orig9 ( :i* is said to h aris5 on ?is wise3--8,long1 long ago1 an incumb5t ( ,frankley1 to :i* ,/4 ,k5elm's is atta*$1 0 accu/om$1 ?r\gh horrid1 deep-rutt$1 miry roads1 occasionally to w5d 8 way to ! seque/]$ depository ( ! rema9s ( ! murd]$ sa9t-k+1 to p]=m ,div9e s]vice4 ,x 0 8 wont to c>ry "s provisions ) him1 ) :i* he refre%$ himself at a f>m-h\se ne> ! sc5e ( 8 pa/oral duties4 ,on "o occasion1 h[ev]1 hav+ eat5 up 8 /ore ( provisions1 he 0 tempt$ 7aft] he _h donn$ 8 sac]dotal habit1 & 9 ! abs5ce ( ! good dame7 to pry into ! secrets ( a huge pot1 9 :i* 0 simm]+ ! sav\ry di% ! lady _h provid$ = h] h\sehold2 among ! re/ dumpl+s =m$ no inconsid]able portion ( ! cont5ts4 ,! /ory runs t ! p>son poa*$ sundry ( !m1 hiss+ hot1 f ! cauldron1 &1 he>+ ! foot/eps ( 8 ho/ess1 he1 ) great dext]ity1 deposit$ !m 9 ! sleeves ( 8 surplice4 ,%e1 h[ev]1 0 consci\s ( h] loss1 &1 closely foll[+ ! p>son to ! *ur*1 by h] pres5ce prev5t$ him f dispos+ ( !m1 &1 to avoid h] accusation1 he =?) ent]$ ! read+-desk1 & began to read ! s]vice1 ! cl]k b5ea? mak+ ! responses4 ,erelong1 a dumpl+ slipp$ out ( ! p>son's sleeve1 & fell on ! cl]k's head2 he look$ up ) a/oni%m5t1 b tak+ ! matt] 9 good "p1 proce$$ ) ! s]vice4 ,pres5tly1 h[ev]1 ano!r dumpl+ fell on 8 head1 at :i* he1 ) upturn$ eyes & ready tongue1 respond$1 8,two c play at t1 ma/]10 &1 suit+ ! action to ! ^w1 he imm$iately began pelt+ ! p>son ) crabs1 a /ore ( :i* he _h ga!r$1 int5d+ to take !m home 9 8 pocket to fom5t ! spra9$ leg ( 8 horse1 & s well did he play 8 "p1 t ! p>son soon decamp$1 amid ! je]s ( ! old dame1 & ! laught] ( ! few p]sons :o 7 9 att5dance40--,br&1 ,pop4 ,antiq4 #ahdi1 vol4 i4 p4 #cdd4 ,,july #bj4 ,,/4 ,,m>g>et',s ,,day4 ,,cambridge%ire4 ,on ! fea/ ( ,/4 ,m>g>et 9 #aeaa1 ! ,miracle ,play ( ! ,holy ,m>tyr ,/4 ,george 0 act$ on a /age 9 an op5 field at ,bass+borne 9 ,cambridge%ire1 at :i* !re 7 a m9/rel & ?ree waits hir$ f ,cambridge1 ) a prop]ty-man & a pa9t]4 ,! foll[+ extract f an old *ur*w>d5's book belong+ to ! p>i% ( ,bass+borne1 gives ! v>i\s subscriptions & exp5ses connect$ ) x3-- ,memor&um3--,receiv$ at ! play held on ,/4 ,m>g>et's day1 ,a4,d4 ,,mdxi41 9 ,bas+born ( ! holy m>tyr ,/4 ,george4 ,receiv$ ( ! ,t[n%ip ( ,roy/on xiis4 ,?>field vis viiid1 ,melton vs iiiid1 ,lill+ton xs vid1 ,:addon ivs iiiid1 ,/eeplem5d5 iiiis1 ,b>ly ivs id1 ,a%well iiiis1 ,ab+don iiis ivd1 ,orwell iiis1 ,w5dy iis ixd1 ,wimpole iis viid1 ,meldre? iis ivd1 ,arr+ton iis ivd1 ,%epre? iis ivd1 ,kelsey iis vd1 ,will+ton is xd1 ,fulm] is viiid1 ,gild5 ,mord5 is1 ,tadl[ is1 ,croydon is id1 ,hattey xd1 ,wratl+wor? ixd1 ,ha/+field ixd1 ,b>kney viiid1 ,foxt5 ivd1 ,kneesnor? vid4 ,item receiv$ ( ! t[n ( ,bass+born on ! ,monday & ,friday aft] ! play1 toge!r ) o!r com]s on ! ,monday1 xivs vd4 ,item receiv$ on ! ,w$nesday aft] ! play1 ) a pot ( ale at ,kneesnor?1 all co/s d$uct$1 is viid4 ,exp5ses ( ! said ,play4 ,fir/ paid to ! g>nem5t man = g>nem5ts & propyrts & playbooks1 xxs4 ,to a m9/rel & ?ree waits ( ,cambridge = ! ,w$nesday1 ,saturday1 & ,monday4 ,two ( !m ! fir/ day1 & ?ree ! o!r days1 vs xid4 ,item 9 exp5ces on ! ,play]s1 :5 ! play 0 %ew$1 9 bread & ale & = o!r vittails at ,roy/on = ^? play]s1 iiis iid4 ,item 9 exp5ces on ! play day = ! bodies ( vi4 %eep1 xxiid ea*1 ixs iid4 ,item = ?ree calves & half a lamb1 viiis iid4 ,item paid five days bo>d ( "o ,pyke ,propyrte1 mak+ = himself & 8 s]vant "o day1 & = 8 horses pa/ure vi4 days1 is ivd4 ,item paid to turn]s ( spits & = salt1 ixd4 ,item = iv *ick5s = ! g5tlem51 ivd4 ,item = fi% & bread & sett+ up ! /ages1 ivd4 ,item to ,john ,bee*] = pa9t+ ( ?ree ,fan*oms & f\r ,torm5tors4 ,item to ,giles ,a%well = easem5t ( 8 cr(t to play 91 is4 ,item to ,john ,hob>de1 ,bro!rhood ,prie/1 = ! play book1 iis viiid4 ,antiqu>ian ,rep]tory1 #ahjh1 vol4 iii4 p4 #cbj4 ,,norfolk4 ,to ! we/ ( ,w]eham ,*ur*1 ,norfolk1 a well1 call$ ,/4 ,m>g>et's1 0 mu* frequ5t$ 9 ! times ( ,pop]y4 ,"h1 on ,/4 ,m>g>et's ,day1 ! p regal$ !mselves ) ale & cakes1 music & danc+4 ,alms 7 giv51 & (f]+s & v[s made1 at sa9t$ wells ( ?is k9d4--,excursions 9 ! ,c\nty ( ,norfolk1 #ahbi1 vol4 ii4 p4 #ade4 ,,july #bb4 ,,/4 ,,bridget',s ,,eve4 ,,irel&4 ,on ,/4 ,bridget's ,eve e f>m]'s wife 9 ,irel& makes a cake1 call$ ,bair9breac2 ! neighb\rs are invit$1 ! madd] ( ale & ! pipe g r\nd1 & ! ev5+ concludes ) mir? & fe/ivity4--,col4 ,vallancey1 ,essay on ! ,antiquity ( ! ,iri% ,language1 #aggb1 p4 #ba2 see ,fosbroke's ,encyclopdia ( ,antiquities1 #ahdj1 p4 #feg4 ,,july #be4 ,,/4 ,,james',s ,,day4 ,x is cu/om>y 9 ,london to beg9 eat+ oy/]s on ,/4 ,james's ,day1 & 9 ! c\rse ( ! few days foll[+ ^u _! introduction1 ! *ildr5 ( ! humbl] class employ !mselves dilig5tly 9 collect+ ! %ells :i* h be5 ca/ out f tav]ns & fi%-%ops1 & ( ^! !y make piles 9 v>i\s rude =ms4 ,by ! "t t old ,/4 ,james's ,day 7,augu/ #e?7 has come ab\t1 !y h ^! little fabrics 9 nice ord]1 ) a c&le /uck 9 ! top1 to be light$ at night4 ,z ! /rang] occasionally comes 9 contact ) ^! /ructures1 he is sudd5ly surr\nd$ by a gr\p ( boys1 exclaim+1 8,pray1 rememb] ! grotto60 by :i* is meant a dem& = a p5ny :]e) pr(ess$ly to keep up ! c&le4 ,mr4 ,?oms consid]s t 9 ! grotto ?us made1 we h a memorial ( ! _w-r5[n$ %r9e ( ,/4 ,james at ,compo/ella1 :i* may h be5 =m]ly erect$ on ! anniv]s>y ( ,/4 ,james by poor p]sons1 z an invitation to ! pi\s1 :o c\ld n visit ,compo/ella to %[ _! rev]5ce to ! sa9t by alms giv+ to _! ne$y bre?r54--,book ( ,days1 vol4 ii4 p4 #abb2 ,n4 ,q4 #a/ ,s4 vol4 i4 p4 #f4 ,,k5t4 ,! rector ( ,cliff di/ributes at 8 p>sonage-h\se1 on ,/4 ,james's day1 annually1 a mutton pie & a loaf to z _m z *oose to dem& x2 ! exp5se am\nts to ab\t #ae p] annum4 ,,lanca%ire4 ,x 0 cu/om>y at "o "t = ! ,corporation ( ,liv]pool to give an annual public d9n]1 9 ! ,ex*ange1 to two or ?ree hundr$ ( ! pr9cipal inhabitants1 on ! #be? ,july & #aa? ,novemb]1 ! days ( ! comm5cem5t ( ! ,liv]pool fairs1 :i* 7 consid]$ z days ( fe/ivity by all ranks ( ! community4 ,on ^! days ! mayor1 bailiffs1 & burgesses1 9 _! g[ns1 w5t 9 procession ) a b& ( music1 f ! ,ex*ange to ! middle ( ,dale ,/reet1 :]e !y pass$ r\nd a l>ge /one1 :itewa%$ = ! occasion1 & !nce proce$$ to ano!r /one 9 ! c5tre ( ,ca/le ,/reet1 & back to ! ,ex*ange1 :]e !y d9$4 ,?is anci5t cu/om 0 discont9u$ ab\t ! ye> #agfj4--;,corry1 ,hi/ory ( ,liv]pool1 #ahaj1 p4 #id4 ,,july #bf4 ,,mace ,,monday4 ,,b]k%ire4 ,! fir/ ,monday aft] ,/4 ,anne's ,day1 ,july #bf?1 a fea/ is held at ,newbury1 ! pr9cipal di%es be+ bacon & beans4 ,9 ! c\rse ( ! day a procession takes place2 a cabbage is /uck on a pole1 & c>ri$ in/ead ( a mace1 accompani$ by simil> sub/itutes = o!r emblems ( civic dignity4--,e ,day ,book1 vol4 ii4 p4 #ajde4 ,,july #bi4 ,,/4 ,,olave',s ,,day4 ,/rype 9 8 ,ecclesia/ical ,memorials 7#ahbb1 vol4 iii4 pt4 ii4 p4 #aa71 says3 8,on ! #bi? ,july1 #aeeg1 be+ ,/4 ,olave's ,day1 0 ! *ur* holiday 9 ,silv] ,/reet1 ! p>i% *ur* :]e( 0 d$icat$ to t sa9t4 ,& at eight ( ! clock at night began a /age play ( a goodly matt] 7relat+1 x is l1 to t sa9t71 t cont9u$ unto twelve at midnight1 & !n !y made an end ) good song40 ,,augu/4 ,,swan-,,upp+4 ,=m]ly ! memb]s ( ! ,corporation ( ,london1 9 gaily-decorat$ b>ges1 w5t up ! ,?ames annually 9 ,augu/1 = ! purpose ( nick+ or m>k+1 & c\nt+ _! swans4 ,!y us$ to l& (f ,b>nes ,elms1 & p>take ( a collation4 ,?is ye>ly progress 0 commonly b incorrectly call$ 8swan-hopp+30 ! correct designation is %[n by ! anci5t /atutes to be 8swan-upp+10 ! swans be+ tak5 up & nick$1 or m>k$4 ,a 8swan-)-two-nicks0 indicat$1 by 8 second nick1 t he _h be5 tak5 up twice4#ge #ge ,among ! ,loseley ,,mss4 is an orig9al roll ( swan-m>ks1 %[+ ! beaks ( ! swans to h be5 not*$ ) />s1 *evrons1 crosses1 ! initials ( ! own]s' names1 or o!r devices4--,see ,n4 ,q4 #bnd ,s4 vol4 x4 p4 #cic4 ,9 ! acc\nts ( ! ,v9tn]'s ,company 7,eg]ton ,,ms4 #aadc1 fol4 #b17 is ! foll[+ entry3-- 8,money payd = exp5se ,item4--,payd 9 ! grete ffro/e to = uppyng ( ,james ! "u swany]d = ,swanes upp+ ( ! ,mai/] ,swannes iiijs4 ,x--,= bote hyr at ! same tyme iiijd4 ,,augu/ #a4 ,,lammas ,,day4 ,gule ( ,augu/1 or ,lammas ,day1 is v>i\sly expla9$4 ,gule1 f ! ,celtic or ,briti% ,wyl or ,gule1 signifies a fe/ival or holiday1 & expla9s ,gule ( ,augu/ to mean ! holiday ( ,/4 ,pet] ad v9cula 9 ?is mon?1 :5 ! p ( ,engl&1 9 ,roman ,ca?olic times1 paid _! ,pet]-p5ce4 ,lammas is1 by "s1 d]iv$ f lamb-masse1 because on t day ! t5ants :o held l&s ( ! ca!dral *ur* 9 ,york1 :i* is d$icat$ to ,/4 ,pet] ad v9cula1 7 b\nd by _! t5ure to br+ a live lamb into ! *ur* at high mass4 ,o!rs d]ive x f ! ,saxon ^w ,hlafmaesse1 signify+ loaf-mass or bread-mass1 because on ?is day our =efa!rs made an (f]+ ( bread f new :eat4 ,bl\nt says1 8,lammas ,day1 ! #a/ ( ,augu/1 o!rwise call$ ! ,gule or ,yule ( ,augu/1 :i* may be a corruption ( ! ,briti% ^w ,gwul ,aw/1 signify+ ! #a/ ( ,augu/40 ,bl\nt fur!r says1 8t ,lammas is call$ ,alaf-,mass1 t is1 loaf or bread mass1 :i* signifies a fea/ ( ?anksgiv+ = ! fir/ fruits ( ! corn4 ,x 0 obs]v$ ) bread ( new :eat2 & 9 "s places t5ants 7 b\nd to br+ new :eat to _! "l on or be=e ! #a/ ( ,augu/4 ,new :eat is call$ ,lammas :eat40 ,vallancey fur!r affirms t ?is day 0 d$icat$ to ! fruits ( ! soil2 t ,laei? 0 ! day ( ! obligation ( gra91 p>ticul>ly ( :eat1 & t ,mas signifies fruits ( all k9ds1 especially ! acorn1 :5ce ! ^w 8ma/40 ,lammas is "o ( ! f\r cross-qu>t] days ( ! ye>1 z !y are n[ d5om9at$4 ,:itsuntide 0 =m]ly ! fir/1 ,lammas ! second1 ,m>t9mas ! ?ird1 & ,c&lemas ! la/4 ,"s r5ts are yet payable at ^! anci5t qu>t]-days 9 ,engl&1 & !y cont9ue g5]al 9 ,scotl&4--,timbs1 ,?+s n ,g5]ally ,kn[n1 #ahef1 p4 #aed2 see ,soane's ,new ,curiosities ( ,lit]ature1 vol ii4 p4 #abc2 ,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq4 #ahdi1 vol4 i4 p4 #cdg4 ,x 0 once cu/om>y 9 ,engl& to give money to s]vants on ,lammas ,day1 to buy gloves2 h5ce ! t]m glove-silv]4 ,x is m5tion$ among ! anci5t cu/oms ( ! ,abbey ( ,/4 ,edmund1 9 :i* ! cl]k ( ! cell>] _h #b;d41 ! cell>]'s squire1 #aa;d41 ! grang]1 #aa;d41 & ! c[h]d a p5ny4--,m$4 vi ,kal5d4 vol4 i4 p4 #ccd4 ,,devon%ire4 ,! *>t] = ,exet] ,lammas ,fair is p]petuat$ by a glove ( imm5se size1 /uff$ & c>ri$ ?r\gh ! city on a v long pole1 decorat$ ) ribbons1 fl[]s1 c41 & att5d$ ) music1 p>i% beadles1 & ! nobility4 ,x is aft]w>ds plac$ on ! top ( ! ,guildhall1 & !n ! fair comm5ces2 on ! tak+ d[n ( ! glove ! fair t]m9ates4--,e ,day ,book1 vol4 ii4 p4 #ajei4 ,,isle ,,( ,,man4 ,! fir/ ,sunday 9 ,augu/ is call$1 by ! ,manks peasantry1 yn *i$ doonaght a ouyr4 ,on t day !y cr[d 9 great numb]s to ! tops ( ! highe/ hills1 9 ! nor? to ! summit ( ,snafeld1 & 9 ! s\? to ! top ( ,b>ule4 ,o!rs visit ! sanative wells ( ! isl&1 :i* are held 9 ! highe/ e/imation4 ,! v5]ation ) :i* ! ,pagan deities 7 reg>d$ hav+ be5 transf]r$ along ) _! fanes & f\nta9s to ,*ri/ian sa9ts1 sanctifi$ & sanative wells became ! resort ( ! pi\s pilgrim1 & by ! cr$ul\s invalid libations & devotions 71 accord+ to anci5t practice1 p]=m$ at ^! holy spr+s1 :i* 7 believ$ to be gu>d$ by presid+ p[]s to :om (f]+s 7 left by ! visitants4 ,_m a wond]ful cure is said to h be5 effect$ by ! wat]s ( ,/4 ,ca!r9e's ,well at ,port ,er92 by ! ,*ibbyr ,p>ick1 or well ( ,/4 ,patrick1 on ! we/ end ( ! hill ( ,lh>gey-graue2 by ,"l ,h5ry's ,well on ! s\? bea* ( ,laxey1 & by ! well at ,peel1 also d$icat$ to ,/4 ,patrick1 :i*1 says ! tradition1 j sprang =? :]e ,/4 ,patrick 0 prompt$ by ,div9e in/9ct to impress ! sign ( ! cross on ! gr\nd4 ,_m extraord9>y prop]ties 7 ascrib$ to ! ,nunn]y ,well1 b ! mo/ celebrat$ 9 mod]n times = its m$ic9al virtues is ! f9e spr+ :i* issues f ! rocks ( ! bold promontory call$ ,maughold ,head1 & :i* is d$icat$ to ! sa9t ( ! "n1 :o1 x appe>s1 _h bless$ ! well & end[$ x ) c]ta9 heal+ virtues4 ,on ?is acc\nt x is yet resort$ to1 z 0 ! pool ( ,siloam ( old1 by e invalid :o believes 9 its efficacy4 ,on ! fir/ ,sunday 9 ,augu/ ! natives1 accord+ to anci5t cu/om1 /ill make a pilgrimage to dr9k its wat]s2 & x is held to be ( ! greate/ importance to c]ta9 females to enjoy ! bev]age :5 seat$ 9 a place call$ ! sa9t's *air1 :i* ! sa9t1 = ! accommodation ( succe$+ g5]ations1 oblig+ly plac$ imm$iately contigu\s4--,b5net1 ,sket*es ( ! ,isle ( ,man1 #ahbi1 p4 #fe2 ,waldron1 ,description ( ,isle ( ,man1 p4 #aea2 ,tra91 ,hi/ory ( ! ,isle ( ,man1 #ahde1 vol4 ii4 p4 #aba4 ,,middlesex4 ,lammas ,day is not$ 9 ,london = an annual r[+ mat* on ! ,?ames1 in/itut$ by ,?omas ,doggett1#gf an actor ( celebrity1 9 hon\r ( ! accession ( ,george ,i4 to ! ?rone ( ,engl&4 ,doggett 0 s w>mly atta*$ to ! ,brunswick family t ,sir ,ri*>d ,/eele t]m$ him 8a ,:ig up to ! head & e>s40 ,9 ! ye> aft] ,george ,i4 came to ! ?rone1 ,doggett gave a wat]man's coat & silv] badge1 to be r[$ = by six wat]m5 on ! #a/ ( ,augu/4 ,?is he n only cont9u$ till 8 dea?1 b he bequea!d a c]ta9 sum ( money1 ! int]e/ ( :i* 0 to be appropriat$ annually1 = ev]1 to ! pur*ase ( a l coat & badge1 by six "y wat]m51 ^: appr5tice%ips _h expir$ ! ye> be=e4 ,?is c]emony is p]=m$ e ye>1 ! competitors sett+ out1 at a signal giv51 at t "t ( ! tide :5 ! curr5t is /ronge/ aga9/ !m1 & r[+ f ! old ,swan1 ne> ,london ,bridge1 to ! ,:ite ,swan at ,*elsea4--,sports1 ,pa/imes1 & ,cu/oms ( ,london1 #ahdg1 p4 #ce4 #gf ,he fir/ appe>$ on ! ,dubl9 /age1 & aft]w>ds1 ) ,colley ,cibb] & ,rob]t ,wilkes1 became jo9t manag] ( ,drury ,lane ,!atre4 ,he di$ 9 #agba4--;,faulkn]1 ,hi/ory ( ,*elsea1 #ahbi1 p4 #ahh4 ,9 ! p>i% ( ,/4 ,luke1 ,*elsea1 7 =m]ly 8,! ,lotts10 ,lammas l&1 = ages appurt5ant to ! manor ( ,*elsea4 ,! "l ( ! manor possess$ ! "r ( lett+ ! l& on lease = ! spr+ & summ] qu>t]s1 beg9n+ ) ,m>* & end+ 9 ,augu/1 & ! inhabitants at l>ge enjoy$ ! privilege ( turn+ 9 _! cattle f ,augu/ till ,febru>y1 be+ ! autumn & w9t] qu>t]s4 ,?is /ate ( appropriation cont9u$ till ! ye> #ahbe or #ahbf1 :5 ! directors ( ! ,k5s+ton ,canal ,company took possession ( !m = _! own use imm$iately ^u ! completion ( ! canal2 !y h deta9$ !m ev] s9ce1 & h let !m successively to sev]al p]sons1 & receiv$ r5t = ! same4 ,! ,*elsea ,lammas l&s _h hi!rto be5 op5$ on ! #ab? ( ,augu/1 be+ ! fir/ ( ! mon? accord+ to ! old /yle4 ,! grazi]s1 but*]s1 & o!rs ) _! cattle1 us$ =m]ly to assemble 9 ! lane lead+ to 8,! ,lotts10 on ! eve ( ,lammas1 & :5 ! clock _h /ruck twelve !y ent]$ ! mead[4--,timbs1 ,?+s n ,g5]ally ,kn[n1 #ahef1 p4 #aed4 ,,sussex4 ,! foll[+ curi\s cu/om once exi/$ at ,ea/b\rne4 ,on ! ?ree fir/ ,sundays 9 ,augu/ a public breakfa/1 says ,roy] 7,hi/ory ( ,ea/b\rne1 #aghg1 p4 #abf71 is giv5 at ! p>sonage-h\se by ! t5ants ( ! great ty!s to ! f>m]s & _! s]vants1 ea* f>m] be+ entitl$ to s5d two s]vants = e waggon t he keeps4 ,s t if a f>m] h five waggons to d 8 necess>y bus9ess he may s5d t5 s]vants1 & s on 9 proportion = a less or great] numb]4 ,! f>m]s are ent]ta9$ 9 ! p>l\r ) a sirlo9 ( hot roa/ beef1 cold ham1 ,sussex *eese1 /rong ale1 & ,g5eva2 ! m5 are ent]ta9$ 9 ! b>n ) ev]y?+ ! same z _! ma/]s except ! beef4 ,x is presum$ t ?is cu/om _h its orig9 f ! "t ! ty!s 7 fir/ tak5 9 k9d 9 ?is p>i%1 9 ord] to keep all p>ties 9 good hum\r4 ,a petition to ,p>liam5t = ! abolition ( ?is cu/om 0 pres5t$ z f> back z #afdj1 &1 9 #afdi1 an ord9ance 0 enact$ t #bjl4 p] annum %\ld be paid = ! relief ( ! poor 9 lieu ( ! fea/4 ,9 #afhg ! cu/om 0 reviv$2 m rec5tly an annual paym5t ( #bjl4 = ! education ( poor *ildr5 0 sub/itut$1 & ?is am\nt n[ figures ye> by ye> 9 ! acc\nts ( ,/4 ,m>y's s*ools z paid by ! ,duke ( ,devon%ire4--,*amb]s' ,h&book ( ,ea/b\rne1 #ahgb1 p4 #ce4 ,,/4 ,,wilfrid',s ,,fea/4 ,,york%ire4 ,hutton 9 8 ,trip to ,coa?am 7#ahaj1 p4 #fc71 says ! great annual fea/ at ,coa?am 9 8 "t 0 celebrat$ on ! fir/ ,sunday aft] ,lammas ,day1 old /yle1 & call$ ,/4 ,wilfrid's ,fea/1 kept 9 commemoration ( ! prelate's return f exile4 ,on ! ev5+ be=e ! fea/ comm5c$1 ! effigy ( ?is fav\rite ( ! p1 hav+ be5 previ\sly convey$ "s miles out ( ! t[n1 made 8 public entry z return+ aft] a long abs5ce1 be+ met by cr[ds ( p1 :o1 ) %\ts & acclamations1 welcom$ ! return ( ! prelate & patron4 ,! same cu/om seems also to h be5 obs]v$ at ,ripon4--,see ,e ,day ,book1 vol4 ii4 p4 #ajei4 ,,scotl&4 ,:at appe>s z a relic ( ! anci5t ,pagan fe/ival ( ! ,gule ( ,augu/1 0 practis$ 9 ,lo?ian till ab\t ! middle ( ! eighte5? c5tury4 ,! h]dsm5 )9 a c]ta9 di/rict1 t[>ds ! beg9n+ ( summ]1 associat$ !mselves into b&s1 sometimes to ! numb] ( a hundr$ or m4 ,ea* ( ^! communities agre$ to build a t[] 9 "s conspicu\s place1 ne> ! c5tre ( _! di/rict1 :i* 0 to s]ve z ! place ( _! r5dezv\s on ,lammas ,day4 ,?is t[] 0 usually built ( sods1 = ! mo/ "p squ>e1 ab\t f\r feet 9 diamet] at ! bottom & tap]+ to a po9t at ! top1 :i* 0 seldom above sev5 or eight feet f ! gr\nd4 ,9 build+ x1 a hole 0 left 9 ! c5tre = a flag/aff1 on :i* to display _! col\rs4 ,f ! mom5t ! f\ndation ( ! t[] 0 laid1 x became an object ( c>e & att5tion to ! :ole community2 = x 0 reckon$ a disgrace to suff] x to be defac$2 s t !y resi/$1 ) all _! p[]1 any attempts t %\ld be made to demoli% x1 ei!r by =ce or fraud2 &1 z ! hon\r t 0 acquir$ by ! demolition ( a t[]1 if effect$ by ^? belong+ to ano!r1 0 9 proportion to ! disgrace ( suff]+ x to be demoli%$1 ea* p>ty endeav\r$ to circumv5t ! o!r z mu* z possible1 & laid plans to /eal ^u ! t[] unp]ceiv$1 9 ! night "t1 & level x ) ! gr\nd4 ,great 0 ! hon\r t su* a successful exploit convey$ to ! und]tak]s2 &1 ?\gh ! t[] 0 easily rebuilt1 yet ! news 0 quickly spread by ! successful adv5tur]s1 ?r\gh ! :ole di/rict1 :i* fill$ x ) %\ts ( joy & exultation1 :ile _! un=tunate neighb\rs 7 cov]$ ) %ame4 ,to w>d (f ?is disgrace1 a con/ant nightly gu>d 0 kept at ea* t[]1 :i* 0 made /rong] & /rong]1 z ! t[] advanc$2 s t frequ5t nightly skirmi%es ensu$ at ^! attacks1 b 7 seldom ( mu* consequ5ce1 z ! assailants seldom came 9 =ce to make an attack 9 ?is way1 b m]ely to succe$ by surprise2 z soon1 !re=e1 z !y saw !y 7 discov]$1 !y made (f 9 ! be/ mann] !y c\ld4 ,to give ! al>m on ^! & o!r occasions1 e p]son 0 arm$ ) a 8toot+ horn10 t is1 a horn p]=at$ 9 ! small end1 ?r\gh :i* w9d c be =cibly bl[n f ! m\?1 s z to occasion a l\d noise2 & z e "o wi%$ to acquire z great dext]ity z possible 9 ! use ( ! 8toot+ horn10 !y practis$ ^u x dur+ ! summ] :ile keep+ _! bea/s2 & t[>ds ,lammas !y 7 s incessantly employ$ at ?is bus9ess1 answ]+ to1 & vie+ ) ea* o!r1 t ! :ole c\ntry rang cont9ually ) ! s\nds4 ,z ,lammas ,day approa*$ ea* community *ose "o f among !mselves = _! capta91 & !y prep>$ a /& ( col\rs to be ready to be !n display$4 ,= ?is purpose !y borr[$ a f9e table-napk9 ( ! l>ge/ size f "o ( ! f>m]s' wives )9 ! di/rict1 & ornam5t$ x ) ribbons4 ,?+s be+ ?us prep>$1 !y m>*$ =? e>ly 9 ! morn+ on ,lammas ,day1 dress$ 9 _! be/ app>el1 ea* arm$ ) a /\t cudgel1 &1 repair+ to _! t[]1 !re display$ _! col\rs 9 triumph1 bl[+ horns1 & mak+ m]ry 9 ! be/ mann] !y c\ld3 ab\t n9e o'clock !y sat d[n ^u ! gre5 & _h _! breakfa/4 ,9 ! meantime sc\ts 7 s5t out t[>ds e qu>t] to br+ !m notice if any ho/ile p>ty approa*$1 = x frequ5tly happ5$1 t1 on t day1 ! h]dsman ( "o di/rict w5t to attack ^? ( ano!r di/rict1 & to br+ !m "u subjection to !m by ma9 =ce4 ,if news 7 br\ght t a ho/ile p>ty approa*$1 ! horns s\nd$ to arms1 & !y imm$iately arrang$ !mselves 9 ! be/ ord] !y c\ld devise2 ! /\te/ & bolde/ 9 front1 & ^? ( inf]ior pr[ess beh9d4 ,seldom did !y await ! approa* ( ! enemy1 b usually w5t =? to meet !m ) a bold c\nt5ance1 ! capta9 ( ea* company c>ry+ ! col\rs1 & lead+ ! van4 ,:5 !y met !y mutually desir$ ea* o!r to l[] _! col\rs 9 sign ( subjection4 ,if !re appe>$ to be a great disproportion 9 ! /r5g? ( ! p>ties1 ! weake/ usually submitt$ to ?is c]emony )\t mu* difficulty1 ?9k+ _! hon\r 0 sav$ by ! evid5t disproportion ( ! mat*2 b1 if !y 7 ne>ly equal 9 /r5g?1 nei!r ( !m w\ld yield1 & x end$ 9 bl[s1 & sometimes blood%$4 ,x is relat$ t1 9 a battle ( ?is k9d1 f\r 7 actually kill$1 & _m disabl$ f "w = weeks4 ,if no oppon5t appe>$1 or if !y !mselves _h no int5tion ( mak+ an attack1 at ab\t mid-day !y took d[n _! col\rs1 & m>*$1 ) horns s\nd+1 t[>ds ! mo/ consid]able village 9 _! di/rict2 :]e ! lasses & all ! p came out to meet !m1 & p>take ( _! div]sions4 ,b\nd>ies 7 imm$iately appo9t$1 & a proclamation made1 t all :o int5d$ to compete 9 ! race %\ld appe>4 ,a bonnet ornam5t$ ) ribbons 0 display$ ^u a pole z a prize to ! victor2 & sometimes five or six />t$ = x1 & ran ) z great eag]ness z if !y _h be5 to ga9 a k+dom2 ! prize ( ! second race 0 a pair ( g>t]s1 & ! ?ird a knife4 ,!y !n amus$ !mselves = "s "t ) su* rural sports z suit$ _! ta/e1 & disp]s$ quietly to _! respective homes be=e sunset4 ,:5 two p>ties met1 & "o ( !m yield$ to ! o!r1 !y m>*$ toge!r = "s "t 9 two sep>ate bodies1 ! subject$ body beh9d ! o!r1 & !n !y p>t$ good fri5ds1 ea* p]=m+ _! races at _! own appo9t$ place4 ,next day1 aft] ! c]emony 0 ov]1 ! ribbons & napk9 t =m$ ! col\rs 7 c>efully return$ to _! respective own]s1 ! t[] 0 no long] a matt] ( consequ5ce1 & ! c\ntry return$ to its usual /ate ( tranquillity4--,trans4 ,soc4 ,antiq4 ( ,scotl&1 vol4 i4 p4 #aid4 ,,aug4 #b4 ,,buck+ham%ire4 ,hunt+ ! ram 0 a v anci5t cu/om obs]v$ at ,eton1 b is n[ aboli%$4 ,lipscomb1 9 8 ,hi/ory ( ,buck+ham%ire 7#ahdg1 vol4 iv4 p4 #dfg71 ?us describes x3-- ,! college _h an anci5t claim ^u its but*] to provide a ram on ! ,election ,saturday1 to be hunt$ by ! s*ol>s2 b ! animal hav+ ^u "o occasion be5 s press$ z to swim across ! ,?ames1 x ran into ,w9dsor ,m>ket1 ) ! boys aft] x1 & mu* mis*ief 0 caus$ by ?is unexpect$ accid5t4 ,! heal? ( ! s*ol>s _h also occasionally suff]$ f ! l5g? ( ! *ase1 or ! heat ( ! season4 ,! "* ( ! sport 0 !re=e *ang$ ab\t #agdj1 :5 ! ram 0 ham-/rung1 &1 aft] ! spee*1 0 knock$ on ! head ) l>ge twi/$ clubs1 :i* are report$ to h be5 consid]$ z ,etonian curiosities4 ,b ! b>b>ity ( ! amusem5t caus$ x to be altoge!r laid aside at ! election 9 #agdg1 & ! fle% ( ! ram 0 giv5 to be prep>$ 9 pa/ies4 ,! di% /ill cont9ues nom9ally to grace ! ,election ,monday1 ?\gh ! meat no long] boa/s its orig9al t\ghness1 be+ 9 fact ! fle% ( excell5t we!rs4 ,br[ne ,willis 7quot$ by ,br&1 ,pop4 ,antiq4 #ahdi1 vol4 i4 p4 #dda7 w\ld d]ive ?is cu/om f :at 0 us$ 9 ! manor ( ,ea/ ,wro?am1 ,norfolk1 :]e ! "l ( ! manor1 aft] ! h>ve/1 gave half an acre ( b>ley & a ram to ! t5ants !re(2 ! :i* ram1 if !y caught x 0 _! own2 if n1 x 0 = ! "l aga94 ,9 ! ,g5t4 ,mag4 7,aug4 #agca1 vol4 i4 p4 #cea7 is ! foll[+3-- 8,monday1 ,augu/ #bnd1 0 ! election at ,eton ,college1 :5 ! s*ol>s1 accord+ to cu/om1 hunt$ a ram1 by :i* ! provo/ & fell[s hold a manor40 ,,aug4 #d4 ,,appr5tices' ,,fea/4 ,! ,city appr5tices1 ab\t ! "t ( ,*>les ,,ii41 _h an annual fea/4 ,on "o occasion ,*>les ,,ii4 s5t !m a brace ( bucks = d9n] at ,saddl]s' ,hall1 :]e sev]al ( 8 c\rti]s d9$ ) !m1 & 8 natural son1 ! duke ( ,grafton1 (ficiat$ z "o ( ! /ew>ds4--,noor?\ck1 ,hi/ory ( ,london1 #aggc1 p4 #bdh4 ,,aug4 #e4 ,,/4 ,,oswald',s ,,day ,,lanca%ire4 ,dr4 ,:itak] 7,hi/ory ( ,ri*mond1 vol4 ii4 p4 #bic7 quotes a manuscript description ( a ru%-be>+ obs]v$ at ,w>ton1 on ,/4 ,oswald's ,day1 or ! ,sunday ne>e/ to x--he be+ ! patron ( ! *ur*4 8,! va9 cu/om10 says ! writ]1 8( danc+1 excessive dr9k+1 c41 hav+ be5 _m ye>s laid aside1 ! inhabitants & /rang]s sp5d t day 9 duly att5d+ ! s]vice ( ! *ur* & mak+ good *e]1 )9 ! rules ( sobriety1 9 private h\ses2 & ! next 9 sev]al k9ds ( div]sions1 ! *iefe/ ( :i* is usually a ru%-be>+1 :i* is on ?is mann]3--,!y cut h>d ru%es f ! m>%1 :i* !y make up into long bundles1 & !n dress !m 9 f9e l951 silk ribbons1 fl[]s1 c42 aft]w>ds1 ! "y wom5 ( ! village :i* p]=m ! c]emony t ye>1 take up ! burd5s erect1 & beg9 ! procession 7prec$5ce be+ always giv5 to ! *ur*w>d5s' burd571 :i* is att5d$ n only ) multitudes ( p1 b ) music1 drums1 r++ ( bells1 & all o!r demon/rations ( joy !y are able to express4 ,:5 !y arrive at ! *ur* !y g 9 at ! we/ end1 & sett+ d[n _! burd5s 9 ! *ur*1 /rip !m ( _! ornam5ts1 leav+ ! heads or cr[ns ( !m deck$ ) fl[]s1 cut pap]1 c41 9 "s "p ( ! *ur*1 g5]ally ov] ! cancelli4 ,!n ! company return to ! t[n & p>take ( a pl5tiful collation provid$ = t purpose1 & sp5d ! rema9+ "p ( ! day1 & frequ5tly a great "p ( ! night also1 9 danc+1 if ! wea!r p]mits1 ab\t a ,maypole1 adorn$ ) gre5s & fl[]s1 or else 9 "s o!r conv5i5t place40 ,,aug4 #e4 ,,rav5glass ,,fair4 ,,cumb]l&4 ,on ! fir/ day ( a fair held annually 9 ,munca/]1 call$ ,rav5glass ,fair1 ! "l's /ew>d 0 att5d$ by ! s]jeant ( ! bor\gh ( ,egremont ) ! insignia call$ ! ,b[ ( ,egremont1 ! =e/]s ) _! b[s & horns1 & all ! t5ants ( ! =e/ ( ,copel&1 ^: special s]vice 0 to att5d ! "l & 8 repres5tatives at ,rav5glass ,fair1 & abide !re dur+ its cont9uance4 ,on ! ?ird day1 at noon1 ! (fic]s & t5ants ( ! =e/ dep>t$1 aft] proclamation made2 ,"l ,munca/] & 8 t5ants took a =mal re-possession ( ! place1 & ! day 0 conclud$ ) horse races & rural div]sions4 ,aft]w>ds ! fair 0 held = "o day4--,lysons1 ,magna ,britannia1 #ahaf1 vol4 iv4 p4 #ada4 ,,aug4 #e4 ,,middlesex4 ,=m]ly a silv] arr[ us$ annually to be %ot = by ! s*ol>s ( ! ,free ,s*ool at ,h>r[4 ,! foll[+ extract is tak5 f ! ,g5t4 ,mag41 #agca1 vol4 i41 p4 #cea3-- ,?ursday1 ,augu/ #e?1 accord+ to an anci5t cu/om1 a silv] arr[1 value #c1 0 %ot = at ! butts on ,h>r[-on-!-,hill1 by six y\?s ( ! ,free ,s*ool1 9 ar*]y habits1 & won by a son ( ,capta9 ,br[n1 comm&] ( an ,ea/ ,indiaman4 ,?is div]sion 0 ! gift ( ,john ,lyon1 ,esq41 f\nd] ( ! said s*ool4 ,,aug4 #f4 ,,black-,,*]ry ,,fair4 ,,surrey4 ,h5ry ,,vi41 9 ! eighte5? ye> ( 8 reign 7#addj71 grant$ to ,john de ,h>mondesnor?1 ,abbot ( ,*]tsey1 ! "r to hold a fair on ,/4 ,anne's ,day1 ,july #bf?1 old /yle2 b ?is is n[ held 9 ! t[n on ! #f? ( ,augu/1 & call$ 8,black ,*]ry ,fair10 f ! abundance ( t fruit sold !re4--,brayley1 ,hi/ory ( ,surrey1 #ahda1 vol4 ii4 p4 #aia4 ,,aug4 #ae4 ,,assumption ,,( ,,! ,,virg9 ,,m>y4 ,?is 0 =m]ly a great fe/ival2 & x 0 cu/om>y to implore bless+s ^u h]bs1 plants1 roots1 & fruits1 bundles ( :i* 7 tak5 to ! *ur* & consecrat$ aga9/ hurtful ?+s4--,timbs' ,some?+ = ,ev]ybody1 #ahfa1 p4 #ih4 ,,/af=d%ire4 ,! foll[+ abridg$ acc\nt ( ! ,m9/rels' ,fe/ival at ,tutbury1 celebrat$ at ?is season1 is tak5 f ,! ,book ( ,days1 vol4 i4 p4 #bbd3-- ,dur+ ! "t ( ! ,dukes ( ,lanca/] ! little t[n ( ,tutbury 0 s enliv5$ by ! noble hospitality !y kept up1 & ! great conc\rse ( p :o ga!r$ !re1 t "s regulations became necess>y = keep+ !m 9 ord]2 m especially ^? disord]ly fav\rites ( bo? ! high & l[1 ! w&]+ juggl]s or m9/rels1 :o display$ _! tal5ts at all fe/ive bo>ds1 w$d+s1 & t\rnam5ts4 ,a c\rt 01 !re=e1 appo9t$ by ,john ( ,gaunt1 to be held e ye> on ! day aft] ! fe/ival ( ! ,assumption ( ! ,virg91 to elect a k+ ( ! m9/rels1 try ^? :o _h be5 guilty ( misdemean\rs dur+ ! ye>1 & grant lic5ces = ! future ye>1 all :i* 7 accompani$ by _m curi\s obs]vances4 ,! wood-ma/] & rang] ( ,ne$wood ,=e/ began ! fe/ivities by meet+ at ,b]kley ,lodge1 9 ! =e/1 to arrange = ! d9n] :i* 0 giv5 !m at ?is "t at ,tutbury ,ca/le1 & :]e ! buck !y 7 all[$ = x %\ld be kill$1 z also ano!r1 :i* 0 _! ye>ly pres5t to ! prior ( ,tutbury = 8 d9n]4 ,^! animals hav+ receiv$ _! dea? bl[1 ! ma/]1 keep]s1 & deputies met on ! ,day ( ,assumption1 & rode 9 gay procession two & two1 into ! t[n to ! ,high ,cross1 ea* c>ry+ a gre5 b\gh 9 8 h&1 & "o be>+ ! buck's head1 cut (f beh9d ! e>s1 g>ni%$ ) a rye ( pease & a piece ( fat fa/5$ to ea* ( ! antl]s4 ,! m9/rels w5t on foot1 two & two1 be=e !m1 & :5 !y rea*$ ! cross1 ! keep] blew on 8 horn ! v>i\s hunt+ signals1 :i* 7 answ]$ by ! o!rs2 all pass$ on to ! *ur*y>d1 :]e1 alight+ f _! horses1 !y w5t into ! *ur*1 ! m9/rels play+ on _! in/rum5ts dur+ ! "t ( ! (f]+ ( ! buck's head1 & :il/ ea* keep] paid "o p5ny z an (f]+ to ! *ur*4 ,mass 0 !n celebrat$1 & all adj\rn$ to ! good d9n] :i* 0 prep>$ = !m 9 ! ca/le1 t[>ds ! exp5ses ( :i* ! prior gave !m ?irty %ill+s4 ,on ! foll[+ day ! m9/rels met at ! bailiff's h\se 9 ,tutbury1 :]e ! /ew>d ( ! c\rt1 & ! bailiff ( ! manor1 ) ! wood-ma/]1 met !m4 ,a procession 0 =m$ to g to *ur*1 ! trumpet]s walk+ fir/1 & !n ! musicians on /r+$ in/rum5ts all play+2 _! k+1 ^: (fice end$ on t day1 _h ! privilege ( walk+ betwe5 ! /ew>d & bailiff2 aft] !m came ! f\r /ew>ds ( music1 ea* c>ry+ a :ite w&1 foll[$ by ! re/ ( ! company4 ,! psalms & lessons 7 *os5 9 accordance ) ! occasion1 & ea* m9/rel paid a p5ny z a due to ! vic> ( ,tutbury4 ,on _! return to ! ca/le-hall "o ( ! m9/rels cri$ out1 8,oyez1 oyez1 oyez6 all m9/rels )9 ?is hon\r1 resid+ 9 ! c\nties ( ,/af=d1 ,d]by1 ,nott+ham1 ,leice/]1 & ,w>wick1 come 9 & d y\r suit & s]vice or y w be am]c$40 ,all 7 !n sworn to keep ! k+ ( music's c\nsel1 _! fell[s'1 & _! own2 & a l5g?y *>ge f ! /ew>d foll[$1 9 :i* he expatiat$ on ! antiquity & excell5ce ( _! noble sci5ce4 ,aft] ?is ! jurors proce$$ to *oose a new k+1 :o 0 tak5 alt]nately f ! m9/rels ( ,/af=d%ire & ,d]by%ire1 z well z f\r /ew>ds1 & retir$ to consid] ! (f5ces :i* 7 alleg$ aga9/ any m9/rel1 & f9e him if necess>y4 ,9 ! meantime ! old /ew>ds br\ght into ! c\rt a treat ( w9e1 ale1 & cakes1 & ! m9/rels div]t$ !mselves & ! company by play+ _! m]rie/ airs4 ,! new k+ ent]$1 & 0 pres5t$ by ! jurors1 ! old "o ris+ f 8 place1 & giv+ ! :ite w& to 8 successor1 pl$g+ him 9 a cup ( w9e2 ! old /ew>ds foll[$ 8 example1 & at noon all p>took ( a d9n] prep>$ = !m by ! old k+4 ,9 ! aft]noon !y all met at ! abbey gate1 :]e a bull 0 giv5 by ! prior4 ,! poor bea/1 aft] hav+ _h ! tips ( 8 horns saw$ (f1 8 e>s & tail cut (f1 8 body sme>$ ) soap1 & 8 nose fill$ ) pepp]1 0 let loose1 & if ! surr\nd+ m9/rels c\ld succe$ 9 cutt+ (f a piece ( 8 sk9 be=e he cross$ ! riv] ,dove into ,d]by%ire1 he became ! prop]ty ( ! k+ ( music1 b if n he 0 return$ to ! prior aga94 ,aft] becom+ ! k+'s own1 he 0 br\ght to ! ,high ,/reet1 & !re bait$ ) dogs ?ree times4 ,x has be5 suppos$ t ,john ( ,gaunt1 :o assum$ ! title ( ,k+ ( ,ca/ile & ,leon1 introduc$ ?is sport 9 imitation ( ! ,spani% bull-fights4 ,9 c\rse ( "t1 h[ev]1 ! pursuit ( ! bull1 :i* _h be5 conf9$ to ! m9/rels1 became g5]al1 & ! multitude promiscu\sly jo9$ 9 ! b>b>\s sport1 :i* sometimes t]m9at$ 9 brok5 heads4 ,9 #aggh ! cu/om 0 aboli%$ by ! ,duke ( ,devon%ire1 aft] la/+ f\r hundr$ ye>s4--,see ,pitt's ,hi/ory ( ,/af=d%ire1 #ahag1 p4 #di2 ,ar*ologia1 vol4 ii4 p4 #hf2 ,plot1 ,natural ,hi/ory ( ,/af=d%ire1 #afhf1 p4 #dci2 ,%auff1 ,hi/ory ( ,/af=d%ire1 vol4 i4 p4 #eb4 ,,aug4 #af4 ,,/4 ,,ro*e',s ,,day4 ,?is day 0 anci5tly kept l a wake1 or g5]al h>ve/-home1 ) dances 9 ! *ur*y>d 9 ! ev5+4--,fosbrooke1 ,dict4 ,antiq4 ,,aug4 #ah4 ,,/4 ,,hel5',s ,,day4 ,?is sa9t gives "n to num]\s wells 9 ! nor? ( ,engl&4 ,dr4 ,ku]d51 9 ! middle ( ! sev5te5? c5tury1 describ+ "o 9 ! p>i% ( ,br9dle1 says3 8,to x ! vulg> neighb\r+ p ( ! ,r$ ,lett] d mu* resort ) pret5d$ devotion1 on ea* ye> ^u ,/4 ,ell9's ,day1 :]e & :51 out ( a fooli% c]emony1 !y (f]1 or ?r[ into ! well1 p9s1 :i*1 !re be+ left1 may be se5 a long "t aft] by any visitor ( t f\nta940 ,a simil> cu/om 0 obs]v$ "s ye>s ago by ! visitors ( ,/4 ,hel5's well 9 ,sefton1 b m 9 accordance ) an anci5t practice ?an f any devotion to ! sa9t4--,ba9es1 ,hi/ory ( ,c\nty ( ,lanca/]1 #ahcf1 vol4 iii4 p4 #dig2 ,m$4 vi ,kal5d4 vol4 i4 pp4 #ccf1 #ccg4 ,,aug4 #bd4 ,,/4 ,,b>?olomew',s ,,day4 ,b>?olomew ,fair--,! orig9 ( ,b>?olomew ,fair 0 a grant f ,h5ry ,i41 9 #aacc1 to a monk nam$ ,ray]1 or ,rah]e1 :o _h be5 8 je/]1 & _h f\nd$ ! ,priory ( ,/4 ,b>?olomew1 9 lat] times trans=m$ into a hospital4 ,! fair 0 annually held at ! fe/ival ( ,/4 ,b>?olomew1 &1 l all o!r anci5t fairs1 0 orig9ally connect$ ) ! ,*ur*1 "u ^: auspices miracle-plays1 f\nd$ on ! leg5ds ( sa9ts1 7 repres5t$1 :i* gave place to my/]ies1 & ^! aga9 to moralities2 aft]w>ds1 pr(ane /ories 7 introduc$1 ! orig9 ( ! mod]n ,engli% drama4 ,x 0 discont9u$ aft] #ahee1 hav+ fl\ri%$ = sev5 c5turies & a half4 ,e/abli%$ orig9ally = useful trad+ purposes1 x _h long surviv$ its claim to tol]ance1 b1 z ,london increas$1 became a great public nuisance1 ) its sc5es ( riot & ob/ruction 9 ! v he>t ( ! city4 ,aft] ! op5+ ( ! fair1 x 0 cu/om>y anci5tly = wre/l]s to ex]cise _! art1 ( :i* ,paul ,h5tzn]1 a ,g]man tutor1 travell+ 9 ! ye> #aeih ?r\gh ,engl& has giv5 an acc\nt4 ,he says1 8t e ye> ^u ,/4 ,b>?olomew's day1 :5 ! fair is held1 x is usual = ! mayor1 att5d$ by ! twelve pr9cipal ald]m51 to walk 9 a neighb\r+ field1 dress$ 9 8 sc>let g[n1 & ab\t 8 neck a gold5 *a9 to :i* is hung a gold5 fleece1 &1 besides1 t p>ticul> ornam5t :i* di/+ui%es ! mo/ noble ,ord] ( ! ,g>t]4 ,:5 ! mayor goes out ( ! prec9cts ( ! city a sceptre & sword & a cap are borne be=e him1 & he is foll[$ by ! pr9cipal ald]m5 9 sc>let g[ns ) gold *a9s1 himself & !y on horseback4 ,^u _! arrival at a place appo9t$ = t purpose1 :]e a t5t is pit*$1 ! mob beg9 to wre/le be=e !m1 two at a "t2 ! conqu]ors receiv+ rew>ds f ! magi/rates4 ,aft] ?is is ov]1 a p>cel ( live rabbits are turn$ loose among ! cr[d1 :i* are pursu$ by a numb] ( boys1 :o endeav\r to cat* !m1 ) all ! noise !y c make40 ,9 a proclamation1 made 9 #afjh1 we f9d ! foll[+ comm& laid d[n 9 ref]5ce to ! wre/l+3 8,s _m ald]m5 z d9e ) my ,"l ,mayor & ! %]iffs1 be app>ell$ 9 _! sc>let g[ns l9$1 & aft] d9n] _! horses be br\ght to !m :]e !y d9e1 & ^? ald]m5 :i* d9e ) ! %]iffs1 ride ) !m to my "l's h\se1 to accompany him to ! wre/l+4 ,!n :5 ! wre/l+ is done1 !y take _! horses1 & ride back aga9 ?r\gh ! fair1 & s 9 at ,ald]sgate1 & s home aga9 to ! said ,"l ,mayor's h\se40 ,mr4 ,samuel ,pepys 7#affc7 alludes to ?is wre/l+ 9 8 di>y4 ,! s*ol>s f ! diff]5t ,london s*ools met at ! ,priory = disputations on gramm> & logic1 & wrangl$ toge!r 9 v]se4 ,john ,/[ says3 8,i myself1 9 my y\?1 h ye>ly se5 on ! eve ( ,/4 ,b>?olomew ! ,apo/le1 ! s*ol>s ( div]s gramm> s*ools repair unto ! *ur*y>d ( ,/4 ,b>?olomew1 ! ,priory 9 ,smi?field1 :]e ^u a bank bo>d$ ab\t "u a tree1 "s "o s*ol> ha? /epp$ up1 & !re ha? oppos$ & answ]$ till he 7 by "s bett] s*ol> ov]come & put d[n2 & !n ! ov]com] tak+ 8 place did l z ! fir/4 ,& 9 ! end1 ! be/ oppos]s & answ]]s _h rew>ds1 :i* ,i obs]v$ n b x made bo? good s*oolma/]s & also good s*ol>s1 dilig5tly aga9/ su* times to prep>e !mselves = ! obta9+ ( ?is g>l&4 ,i rememb] !re repair$ to ^! ex]cises1 among/ o!rs1 ! ma/]s & s*ol>s ( ! free s*ools ( ,/4 ,paul's 9 ,london1 ( ,/4 ,pet]'s at ,we/m9/]1 ( ,/4 ,?omas ,acon's ,hospital1 & ( ,/4 ,an?onie's ,hospital2 :]e( ! la/ nam$ commonly pres5t$ ! be/ s*ol>s1 & _h ! prize 9 ^? days4 ,?is ,priory ( ,/4 ,b>?olomew be+ surr5d]$ to ,h5ry ,,viii41 ^? disputations ( s*ol>s 9 t place surceas$2 & 0 aga91 only = a ye> or twa91 reviv$ 9 ! cloi/] ( ,*ri/'s ,hospital1 :]e ! be/ s*ol>s1 !n /ill ( ,/4 ,an?onie's ,s*ool1 h[soev] ! same be n[ fall5 bo? 9 numb] & e/imation1 7 rew>d$ ) b[s & arr[s ( silv]1 giv5 to !m by ,sir ,m>t9 ,b[]1 goldsmi?4 ,nev]!less1 h[ev]1 ! enc\ragem5t fail$2 ! s*ol>s ( ,/4 ,paul's1 meet+ ) !m ( ,/4 ,an?onie's1 w\ld call !m ,an?onie's ,pigs1 & !y aga9 w\ld call ! o!r ,pigeons ( ,paul's1 because _m pigeons 7 br$ 9 ,/4 ,paul's ,*ur*1 & ,/4 ,an?onie 0 always figur$ ) a pig foll[+ him2 & m9dful ( ! =m] usage1 did = a long season disord]ly provoke "o ano!r 9 ! op5 /reet ) ,salve tu quoque1 placet mecum disput>e8 ,placet6 ,& s proce$+ f ?is to que/ions 9 gramm>1 !y usually fell f words to bl[s1 ) _! sat*els full ( books1 _m times 9 great heaps t !y tr\bl$ ! /reets & pass5g]s2 s t f9ally !y 7 re/ra9$ ) ! decay ( ,/4 ,an?onie's ,s*ool40 ,9 ! fir/ c5turies ( its exi/5ce ,b>?olomew ,fair 0 "o ( ! great annual m>kets ( ! nation & ! *ief clo? fair ( ! k+dom4 ,x 0 ! great ga!r+ 9 ! metropolis ( ,engl&1 = ! sale ( t produce ^u :i* ,engl& especially reli$ = h] prosp]ity4 ,two c5turies aft] ! ,conque/ our weal? dep5d$ ^u wool1 :i* 0 manufactur$ 9 ! "t ( ,h5ry ,,ii41 9 ^: days !re arose guilds ( weav]s4 ,9 ,k+ ,john's reign !re 0 prohibition ( ! export ( wool & ( ! import ( clo?4 ,a metropolitan clo? fair 0 !re=e a comm]cial in/itution1 high 9 dignity & national importance4 ,!re 0 a trade also at ,b>?olomew ,fair 9 live /ock1 9 lea!r1 pewt]1 & 9 o!r articles ( comm]ce1 b clo? rank$ fir/ among ! products ( our indu/ry4 ,! clo?i]s ( ,engl&1 & ! drap]s ( ,london1 _h _! /&+s dur+ ! fair 9 ! ,priory *ur*y>d4 ,9 ! reign ( ,que5 ,elizabe?1 h[ev]1 ,b>?olomew ,fair ceas$ to be a clo? fair ( any importance2 b its "n & fame is /ill pres]v$ 9 ! lane runn+ p>allel to ,b>?olomew ,close1 t]m$ 8,clo? ,fair10 :i* 0 g5]ally inhabit$ by drap]s & m]c]s 9 ! days ( ,/rype4 ,a ,p$l>s' ,c\rt ( ,piep[d] 0 held )9 ! ,priory gates1 = debts & contracts1 be=e a jury ( trad]s =m$ on ! spot1 at :i* ! prior1 z "l ( ! fair1 presid$ by 8 repres5tative4 ,x rema9$ always by its orig9al site1 be+ held 9 ,clo? ,fair to ! la/4 ,!re is no record to be f\nd ( any ord9ance by :i* ! c\rt ( ,piep[d] 0 fir/ e/abli%$ 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,!re nev] _h be5 kn[n a fair 9 ,europe to :i* su* a c\rt 0 n by usage atta*$4 ,su* c\rts 7 held 9 ! m>kets ( ! ,romans1 :i* "s writ]s reg>d z fairs1 & 9 :i* !y f9d ! orig9 ( mod]n fairs4 ,! c\rt ( ,piep[d] 9 ,b>?olomew ,fair1 or ! correspond+ c\rt 9 any o!r fair 9 ,engl&1 _h jurisdiction only 9 comm]cial que/ions4 ,x c\ld ent]ta9 a case ( sl&] if x 0 sl&] ( w>es1 n sl&] ( p]son3 n ev5 ! k+1 if he %\ld sit 9 a c\rt ( ,piep[d]1 c\ld ext5d its p[]s4 ,9 #adde f\r p]sons 7 appo9t$ by ! c\rt ( ald]m5 z keep]s ( ! fair & ( ! c\rt ( ,piep[d]1 ! city be+ ?us 9 t case repres5t$ z jo9t "l ( ! fair ) ! prior4 ,z ! fair prosp]$ x 0 r5d]$ attractive by a v>iety ( popul> amusem5ts4 ,all mann] ( exhibitions1 !atrical boo?s1 c41 ?rong$ ! fair1 & tumbl]s1 acrobats1 /ilt-walk]s1 mumm]s1 & m\ntebanks1 resort$ to x 9 great numb]s4 ,%[s 7 exhibit$ = ! exhibition ( puppet-plays1 sometimes con/ruct$ on religi\s hi/ory1 su* z 8,! ,fall ( ,n9eveh10 o!rs 7 con/ruct$ on classic /ory1 z 8,! ,siege ( ,troy40 ,%[s ( o!r k9ds ab\nd$1 & zoology 0 always 9 high fav\r4 ,9 #aeic ! keep+ ( ! fair 0 = ! fir/ "t susp5d$1 by ! rag+ ( ! plague4 ,! same ?+ happ5$ 9 #afjc1 9 #afbe1 9 #afcj1 9 #affe1 & 9 #afff4 ,! lic5ce ( ! ,re/oration ma9ly aris+ f ! l[ p]sonal "* ( ! k+1 b greatly promot$ by ! natural t5d5cy to reaction aft] ! excess ( sev]ity us$ by ! ,puritans 9 suppress+ :at 0 n to be suppress$1 at once ext5d$ ,b>?olomew ,fair f a ?ree days' m>ket to a =tnight's--if n ev5 at "o "t to a six weeks'--riot ( amusem5t4 ,9 #afgh ! civil au?orities _h already tak5 =mal notice ( ! 8,irregul>ities & ,disord]s0 ( ,b>?olomew & ,lady ,fairs1 & ref]r$ x to a committee 8to consid] h[ ! same might be prev5t$1 & :at damages w\ld occur to ! city by lay+ d[n ! same40 ,?is is ! fir/ h9t ( suppression t arises 9 ! hi/ory ( ! fair1 & its aris+ is almo/ simultane\s ) ! decay ( ! great annual ga!r+ z a necess>y seat ( trade4 ,9 #afhe ! fair 0 leas$ by ! city to ! sword be>] = ?ree ye>s at a cle> r5t ( #ajj p] ye>4 ,at ! expiration ( two ye>s a committee hav+ report$ t ! net annual pr(it = ^? ye>s _h am\nt$ to n m ?an #fh1 ! city fair1 !n la/+ f\rte5 days1 01 on 8 application1 leas$ to ! same sword-be>] = tw5ty-"o ye>s at ! same r5t4 ,z "t w5t on1 h[ev]1 ! ,corporation ( ,london 0 /ill sett+ daily aga9/ ! evil t 0 9 ! fair4 ,9 #afia1 & aga9 9 #afid1 a r$uction to ! old t]m ( ?ree days 0 ord]$1 z a *eck to vice1 & 9 ord] t ! pleasures ( ! fair might n *oke up ! av5ues ( ! traffic4 ,9 #afig1 ! ,"l ,mayor1 on ,/4 ,b>?olomew's ,day1 publi%$ an ord9ance record$ 9 ! ,po/man 8= ! suppression ( vici\s practices 9 ,b>?olomew ,fair1 z obsc5e1 lascivi\s1 & sc&al\s plays1 com$ies & f>ces1 unlawful games & int]ludes1 drunk5ness1 etc41 /rictly *>g+ all con/ables & o!r (fic]s to use _! utmo/ dilig5ce 9 p]secut+ ! same40 ,b !re 0 no suppression ( ! puppet-!atres4 ,jeph?ah's ,ra% ,v[ 0 p]=m$ t ye> at ,blake's ,boo?1 z 9 ! foll[+ ye>s at ,blake & ,p9ke?man's4 ,aga9 on ! #ah? ( ,june1 #agjj1 /age-plays & int]ludes at ! fair 7 = t ye> prohibit$3 !y 7 aga9 prohibit$ by ! mayor :o rul$ 9 ! ye> #agjb4 ,9 #afih1 a ,fr5*man1 ,monsieur ,sorbire1 visit+ ,london1 says1 8,i 0 at ,b>?olomew ,fair4 ,x consi/s mo/ ( toy-%ops1 also fiacres & pictures1 ribbon %ops1 no books2 _m %ops ( confection]s1 :]e any woman may be commodi\sly treat$4 ,knav]y is "h 9 p]fection1 dextr\s cut-purses & pickpockets4 ,i w5t to see ! danc+ on ! ropes1 :i* 0 admirable4 ,com+ out1 ,i met a man t w\ld h took (f my hat1 b ,i secur$ x1 & 0 go+ to draw my sword1 cry+ out 8,beg>6 damn'd rogue6 morbleu60 c41 :5 on a sudd5 ,i _h a hundr$ p ab\t me1 cry+1 8,"h1 monsieur1 see ,jeph?ah's ,ra% ,v[20 8,"h1 monsieur1 see ,! ,tall ,dut*woman20 8,see ,! ,tig]10 says ano!r2 8,see ,! ,horse & ,no ,horse1 ^: tail /&s :]e 8 head %\ld d20 8,see ! ,g]man ,arti/1 monsieur20 8,see ,! ,siege ( ,namur1 monsieur20 s t betwixt rud5ess & civility ,i 0 =c$ to get into a fiacre1 &1 ) an air ( ha/e & a full trot1 got home to my lodg+s40 ,9 #agja ,b>?olomew ,fair 0 pres5t$ z a nuisance by ! ,gr& ,jury ( ,london1 & 9 #agej x 0 r$uc$ to its orig9al ?ree days4 ,by ! alt]ation ( ! cal5d> 9 #ageb1 ! fair1 9 ! foll[+ ye>1 01 = ! fir/ "t1 proclaim$ on ,septemb] #crd4 ,on ! #crd ( ,decemb]1 #agfj1 ! ,london ,c\rt ( ,common ,c\ncil ref]r$ to its ,city ,l&s ,committee to consid] ! t5ures ( ! ,city fair1 ) a view to _! abolition4 ,! subject 0 !n c>efully discuss$1 & a f9al report s5t 91 ) ! op9ion ( c\nsel1 ^u :i* ! c\rt came to a resolution1 t1 ow+ to ! int]e/ ( ,"l ,k5s+ton 9 ,b>?olomew ,fair1 t 0 a nuisance :i* !y c\ld endeav\r only by a firm practice ( re/riction to abate4 ,9 #agfi plays1 puppet-%[s1 & gambl+ 7 suppress$4 ,9 #agih1 :5 ! "q ( aboli%+ ! fair 0 discuss$1 a proposal to re/rict x to "o day 0 made & set aside1 because ! measure might produce 9 ,london a conc5trat$ tumult dang]\s to life4 ,9 ! c\rse ( a trial at ,guildhall 9 #ahag1 involv+ ! rights ( ,"l ,k5s+ton1 x 0 /at$ on ,"l ,k5s+ton's behalf1 t consid]+ ! corrupt /ate ( ! fair1 & ! nuisance caus$ by x 9 ! neighb\rhood ( ,smi?field1 he %\ld ?r[ no ob/acle 9 ! way ( its removal1 & 0 ready to give up 8 own rights ov] x1 on be+ paid _! value4 ,8 receipts f toll 7 /at$ to be #cjl4 or #djl4 a ye>1 & _! e/imat$ value #ejjl4 or #fjjl4 ,9 ! ye> #ahcj ! ,corporation ( ,london did accord+ly buy f ,"l ,k5s+ton ! old ,priory rights1 ve/$ 9 ! heirs ( ,*ancellor ,ri*1 & all ! rights & int]e/s 9 ,b>?olomew ,fair !n became ve/$ 9 ! ,city4 ,hav+ ?us secur$ full p[] ov] ! rema9s 9 "q1 ! ,corporation c\ld take into its own h&s ! :ole bus9ess ( _! removal4 ,! fair at ?is "t _h long ceas$ to be a place ( traffic1 & 0 only a haunt ( amusem5t1 riot1 & dissipation4 ,latt]ly x _h only be5 att5d$ by ! keep]s ( a few g+]bread /alls2 & consequ5tly 9 #ahci measures 7 = ! fir/ "t s]i\sly adopt$ = its suppression1 & 9 ! foll[+ ye> ! exhibitions 7 remov$ to ,isl+ton4 ,9 #ahej ! la/ proclamation by ! ,"l ,mayor took place1 & 9 #ahee ! once fam\s ,b>?olomew ,fair came to an end4--,hi/ory & ,orig9 ( ,b>?olomew ,fair1 publi%$ by ,arliss & ,huntsman1 #ahjh2 ,*amb]s' ,encyclopdia 7#ahfj71 vol4 i4 p4 #gai2 ,morley1 ,memoirs ( ,b>?olomew ,fair1 #ahei2 ,*amb]s' ,book ( ,days1 vol4 ii4 pp4 #bfc-bfg4 ,,l9coln%ire4 ,9 ! morn+ a numb] ( maid5s1 clad 9 _! be/ attire1 w5t 9 procession to a small *apel1 situat$ 9 ! p>i% ( ,dorr+ton1 & /rew$ its floor ) ru%es1 f :5ce !y proce$$ to a piece ( l& call$ ! 8,play-,g>?s10 :]e !y 7 jo9$ by mo/ ( ! inhabitants ( ! place1 :o pass$ ! rema9d] ( ! day 9 rural sports1 su* z foot-ball1 wre/l+ & o!r a?letic ex]cises1 ) danc+1 c4--,hi/ory ( ,c\nty ( ,l9coln1 #ahcd1 vol4 ii4 p4 #bee4 ,x 0 cu/om>y at ,croyl& ,abbey to give little knives to all com]s on ,/4 ,b>?olomew's ,day4 ,mr4 ,g\gh1 9 8 ,hi/ory ( ,croyl& ,abbey1 p4 #gc4 says t ?is abuse 0 aboli%$ by ,abbot ,john de ,wisebe*1 9 ! "t ( ,edw>d ,,iv41 exempt+ bo? ! abbot & conv5t f a great & ne$less exp5se4 ,?is cu/om orig9at$ 9 allusion to ! knife :]e) ,/4 ,b>?olomew 0 flay$4 ,?ree ( ^! knives 7 qu>t]$1 ) ?ree ( ! :ips s mu* us$ by ,/4 ,gu?lac1 9 "o coat borne by ?is h\se4 ,mr4 ,hunt] _h great numb]s ( !m1 ( diff]5t sizes1 f\nd at diff]5t times 9 ! ru9s ( ! abbey & 9 ! riv]4 ,,york%ire4 ,dr4 ,john/on1 quot$ by ,hampson 7,m$4 vi ,kal5d4 vol4 i4 p4 #cdb71 has pres]v$ an acc\nt ( a pageant exhibit$ at ,d5t on ! ru%-be>+ 7,/4 ,b>?olomew's ,day7 aft] ! ,re/oration1 9 :i*1 among o!r *>act]s1 ,oliv] & ,brad%aw1 ,rebellion & ,w>1 7 repres5t$1 all deck$ by times ) viz>des on1 & /range de=mities2 & ,brad%aw _h 8 tongue run ?r\gh ) a r$ hot iron1 & ,rebellion 0 hang$ on a gibbet 9 ! m>ket-place4 ,!n came ,peace & ,pl5ty1 & ,diana ) h] nymphs1 all ) coronets on _! heads1 ea* ( :i* made a sev]al spee* 9 v]ses ( _! loyalty to _! k+4 ,,aug4 #cj4 ,,pre/on ,,guild4 ,,lanca%ire4 ,conc]n+ ?is curi\s cu/om1 ,britton1 9 8 ,lanca%ire 7#ahah1 p4 #aji71 gives ! foll[+ acc\nt3-- ,x is a sort ( public c>nival or jubilee1 & is held e tw5ty ye>s1 z appe>s by ! records ( ! corporation4 ,! la/ confirmation 0 by ,*>les ,,ii41 9 #afhd1 s9ce :i* "t x has be5 regul>ly held1 9 ! fir/ ( ,anne1 n9? ( ,george ,i41 sixte5? ( ,george ,,ii41 & second1 tw5ty-second1 & aga9 9 ! =ty-second ye> ( ,george ,,iii41 ! only mon>*1 except ,que5 ,elizabe?1 :o has reign$ dur+ ! "t ( ?ree guilds4 ,x beg9s ab\t ! latt] end ( ,augu/1 &1 by ! ,*>t]1 :i* obliges ! corporation to celebrate x at ! end ( e tw5ty ye>s1 on pa9 ( =feit+ _! elective fran*ises & _! "r z burgesses1 tw5ty-eight days ( grace are all[$ to all :o are dispos$ to r5ew _! fre$om4 ,by public proclamation x is decl>$ t1 on failure ( do+ s1 !y are ev] aft] to be deb>r$ ( ! same on any future occasion4 ,! la/ guild comm5c$ on ! #cj? ( ,augu/1 #ahjb1 :5 an imm5se conc\rse ( p ( all ranks 7 assembl$1 & processions ( ! g5tlem5 at ! heads ( ! diff]5t classes ( manufactories ) symbolical repres5tations ( _! respective bran*es ( trade & comm]ce2 & b&s ( music pass$ ?r\gh ! pr9cipal /reets ( ! t[n4 ,! mayor & corporation1 ) ! w>d5s ( ! diff]5t companies at ! head ( _! respective incorporat$ bodies1 ea* 9 _! (ficial dresses1 & ) _! usual insignia1 fell into ! ranks 9 due ord]1 & ! :ole 0 prec$$ by an excell5t b& ( music belong+ to ! #ag? ,regim5t ( ,light ,dragoons1 9 full dress1 & _! (fic]s newly clo!d4 ,besides ! wool-comb]s'1 sp9n]s'1 weav]s'1 cordwa9]s'1 c>p5t]s'1 v9tn]s'1 tailors'1 smi?s'1 plumb]s'1 pa9t]s'1 glazi]s'1 wat*mak]s'1 m]c]s' & drap]s' companies1 ! :ole 0 clos$ by ! but*]s1 sk9n]s1 tann]s1 & glov]s1 habit$ 9 *>act]i/ic dresses1 ea* company be+ att5d$ by a b& ( music & a v elegant ensign4 ,9 ?is ord] !y proce$$ to *ur*1 & aft] s]vice return$ & p>ad$ ?r\gh ! diff]5t /reets 9 ! same ord]4 ,! mayor aft]w>ds ent]ta9$ ! g5tlem5 at 8 h\se1 & on ! next day ! mayoress repeat$ ! treat to ! ladies ( ! t[n & its vic9ity1 :o =m$ a procession on ?is day1 9 a simil> mann]1 prec$$ by ! girls ( ! cotton manufactory4 ,,sept4 ,,eccles ,,wake4 ,,lanca%ire4 ,an annual fe/ival us$ to be held at ,eccles1 ( great antiquity1 z old probably z ! fir/ erection ( ! *ur*1 call$ ,eccles ,wake1 celebrat$ on ! fir/ ,sunday 9 ,septemb]1 & 0 cont9u$ dur+ ! ?ree succe$+ days1 & consi/$ ( fea/+ ^u a k9d ( local confection]y1 call$ 8,eccles ,cakes10 & ale1 ) v>i\s sports4 ,! foll[+ 0 ! programme on su* an occasion3 8,eccles ,wake4--,on ,monday morn+1 at elev5 o'clock ! sports w comm5ce 7! sports ( ,sunday be+ pass$ ov] 9 sil5ce7 ) t mo/ anci5t1 loyal1 rational1 con/itutional & lawful div]sion-- 8,bull ,bait+--,9 all its primitive excell5ce1 = :i* ?is place has be5 long not$4 ,at "o o'clock !re w be a foot race2 at two o'clock1 a bull bait+ = a horse coll>2 at f\r o'clock1 donkey races = a pair ( panni]s2 at five o'clock1 a race = a /uff hat2 ! day's sport to conclude ) bait+ ! bull1 ,fury1 = a sup]ior dog-*a94 ,on ,tuesday1 ! sports w be repeat$2 also on ,w$nesday1 ) ! additional attraction ( a smock race by ladies4 ,a ma9 ( cocks to be f\ght on ,monday1 ,tuesday1 & ,w$nesday = tw5ty gu9eas1 & five gu9eas ! byes1 betwe5 ! g5tlem5 ( ,man*e/] & ,eccles2 ! wake to conclude ) a fiddl+ mat* by all ! fiddl]s t att5d = a piece ( silv]40--,ba9es1 ,hi/ory ( ,c\nty ( ,lanca/]1 #ahcf1 vol4 iii4 p4 #abc4 ,,*alk-,,back ,,day4 ,,norfolk4 ,at ,diss1 x is cu/om>y = ! juv5ile populace1 on ! ,?ursday be=e ! ?ird ,friday 9 ,septemb] 7on :i* latt] day a fair & session = hir+ s]vants are held71 to m>k & disfigure ea* o!r's dresses ) :ite *alk1 plead+ a prescriptive "r to be mis*iev\s on 8,*alk-,back ,day40--,n4 ,q4 #a/4 ,s4 vol iv4 p4 #eja4 ,,irel&4 ,! foll[+ extract is tak5 f ! ,le$s ,m]cury1 ,septemb] #h?1 #ahfc3--,! tri5nial c]emony ( 8?r[+ ! d>t0 9 ,cork ,h>b\r 0 p]=m$ on ,?ursday aft]noon by ! mayor ( t city4 ,?is is "o ( ^? qua9t c]emonials by :i*1 9 old5 "t1 municipal b\nd>ies 7 pres]v$ & corporate rights ass]t$4 ,a simil> civic pageant call$ 8rid+ ! fr+es0 7fran*ises7 0 =m]ly held by ! "l mayor & corporation ( ,dubl91 9 :i*1 aft] rid+ r\nd ! inl& b\nd>ies ( ! bor\gh1 ! cavalcade halt$ at a po9t on ! %ore ne> ,bullock1 :5ce ! "l mayor hurl$ a d>t into ! sea1 ! spot :]e x fell m>k+ ! limit ( ! m>itime jurisdiction4 ,at #b o'clock1 ,p4,m41 ! memb]s ( ! ,cork t[n c\ncil emb>k$ on bo>d a /eam-vessel1 att5d$ by all ! civic (fic]s1 & ! b& ( ! ,cork civil artill]y4 ,a numb] ( ladies also att5d$4 ,! /eam] proce$$ out to sea until %e rea*$ an imag9>y l9e betwe5 ,poor ,head & ,cork ,head1 :i* is suppos$ to be ! m>itime b\nd>y ( ! bor\gh4 ,"h ! mayor donn$ 8 (ficial robes & proce$$1 att5d$ by ! mace & sword be>]1 ! city treasur]1 & ! t[n cl]k1 all we>+ _! (ficial co/umes1 to ! pr[ ( ! vessel1 :5ce he laun*$ 8 javel9 into ! wat]1 !reby ass]t+ 8 au?ority z "l high admiral ( ! port4 ,! ev5t 0 celebrat$ by a banquet 9 ! ev5+4 ,,sept4 #d4 ,,/4 ,,cu?b]t',s ,,day4 ,,durham4 ,an (f]+ ( a /ag 0 at "o "t annually made on ,/4 ,cu?b]t's ,day1 9 ,septemb]1 by ! ,nevilles ( ,raby4 ,on "o occasion1 h[ev]1 ,"l ,neville claim$ t himself1 & z _m z he might br+ ) him1 %\ld be fea/$ by ! ,prior ^u ! occasion4 ,to ?is ! ,prior demurr$1 z a ?+ t _h nev] be5 be=e claim$ z ( "r1 & z be+ a mo/ exp5sive & on]\s burd51 = ! tra9s ( ! great nobility ( t day 7 num]\s 9 ! extreme4 ,! result 0 t ! ,prior decl9$ to accept ! /ag :5 laid be=e ! %r9e1 by :i* !y ( ! ,nevilles 7 s griev\sly (f5d$ t f words !y got to bl[s1 & began to cuff ! monks :o 7 m9i/]+ at ! alt>4 ,! latt]1 ^u ?is occasion1 7 n cont5t$ to (f] a m]e passive resi/ance1 = !y made su* good use ( ! l>ge wax c&les :i* !y c>ri$ 9 belab\r+ _! oppon5ts z to compel !m to retreat4 ,! reta9]s ( ! ,nevilles did n1 h[ev]1 condesc5d to take back aga9 ! /ag :i*1 z !y deem$1 _h be5 s unc\rte\sly refus$4 ,! /ag 0 an oblation by ! ,nevilles ( great antiquity1 & appe>s to h be5 br\ght into ! *ur*1 & pres5t$ ) w9d+ ( horns4--,ornsby1 ,sket*es ( ,durham1 #ahdf1 p4 #gg2 ,mack5zie1 ,view ( ,c\nty ( ,durham1 #ahcd1 vol4 ii4 p4 #bja4 ,,sept4 #h4 ,,nativity ,,( ,,! ,,virg9 ,,m>y4 ,,l9coln%ire4 ,an old tradition exi/+ )9 ! t[n ( ,grimsby ass]ts t e burgess at 8 admission to ! fre$om ( ! bor\gh anci5tly pres5t$ to ! mayor a bo>'s head1 or an equival5t 9 money :5 ! animal c\ld n be procur$4 ,! "l1 too1 ( ! adjac5t manor ( ,bradley1 x seems1 0 oblig$ by 8 t5ure to keep a supply ( ^! animals 9 8 wood = ! ent]ta9m5t ( ! mayor & burgesses1 & an annual hunt+ mat* 0 (ficially proclaim$ on "s p>ticul> day aft] ! ,nativity ( ! ,bless$ ,virg94 ,9 ! mid/ ( ^! ext5sive woods ! sport 0 c>ri$ on1 & seldom did ! assembl$ tra9 fail to br+ d[n a lea% ( noble bo>s1 :i* 7 design$ = a public ent]ta9m5t on ! foll[+ day4 ,at ?is fea/ ! newly-elect$ mayor took 8 seat at ! head ( ! table1 :i* conta9$ ! :ole body corporate & ! pr9cipal g5tlem5 ( ! t[n & neighb\rhood--,m$4 vi ,kal5d41 vol4 i4 p4 #if4 ,,sept #ab4 ,,hamp%ire4 ,a fair us$ to be celebrat$ at ,w9*e/] on ! #ab? ( ,septemb]1 & 0 by f> ! greate/ fair 9 ! k+dom4 ,! mayor resign$ ! keys ( ! f\r gates to a magi/rate appo9t$ by ! bi%op1 & collectors 7 /ation$ on all ! roads4 ,m]*ants resort$ to x f di/ant p>ts ( ,europe1 & x =m$ a tempor>y city2 ea* /reet be+ appropriat$ to diff]5t commodities4--,hi/orical & ,descriptive ,guide to ,w9*e/]1 #ahbi1 p4 #hf4 ,,sept4 #ad4 ,,holy-,,rood ,,day4 ,?is fe/ival1 call$ also ,holy-,cross ,day1 0 in/itut$ by ! ,romi% ,*ur* on acc\nt ( ! recov]y ( a l>ge piece ( ! cross by ! ,emp]or ,h]aclius1 aft] x _h be5 tak5 away on ! plund]+ ( ,j]usalem by ,*osroes1 ,k+ ( ,p]sia4 ,x appe>s to h be5 cu/om>y to g a-nutt+ ^u ?is day1 f ! foll[+ passage 9 ! old play ( ,grim ! ,colli] ( ,croydon3 8,?is day1 !y say1 is call$ ,holy-,rood ,day1 ,& all ! y\? are n[ a-nutt+ gone40 ,9 ! ,g5t4 ,mag4 is ! foll[+3--8,tuesday1 ,septemb] #ad?1 #agca1 be+ ,holy-,rood ,day1 ! k+'s huntsm5 hunt$ _! free buck 9 ,ri*mond ,new ,p>k1 ) bloodh\nds1 accord+ to cu/om40 ,,buck+ham%ire4 ,x appe>s f ! ,,ms4 ,/atus ,s*ol ,eton5sis1 #aefj1 already quot$1 t1 9 ! mon? ( ,septemb]1 8on a c]ta9 day10 mo/ probably ! #ad?1 ! boys ( ,eton ,s*ool 7 to h a play-day1 9 ord] to g out & ga!r nuts1 a portion ( :i*1 :5 !y return$1 !y 7 to make pres5ts ( to ! diff]5t ma/]s4 ,be=e leave1 h[ev]1 0 grant$ = _! excursion1 !y 7 requir$ to write v]ses on ! fruitfulness ( autumn1 ! deadly cold1 c41 ( ! com+ w9t]4 ,,surrey4 ,at ,*]tsey a fair is held on ,holy-,rood ,day 7,old ,/yle71 & goes by ! "n ( 8,onion ,fair10 f ! quantity ( ?is escul5t br\ght = sale4--,brayley1 ,hi/ory ( ,surrey1 #ahda1 vol4 ii4 p4 #aia4 ,,sept4 #ba4 ,,/4 ,,mat!w',s ,,day4 ,9 ,brayley's ,lond9iana 7#ahbi1 vol4 ii4 p4 #cj7 is ! foll[+ extract f ! ,,ms4 copy ( ! j\rnal ( ,ri*>d ,ho>e1 ,esq41 dur+ ! ye> ( 8 %rievalty1 #agdj-da3--,monday1 ,septemb] #ba/ 7#agda71 be+ ,/4 ,mat!w's ,day1 wait$ on my "l mayor to ! great hall 9 ,*ri/'s ,hospital1 :]e we 7 met by sev]al ( ! presid5ts & gov]nors ( ! o!r hospitals )9 ! city1 & be+ seat$ at ! upp] end ! *ildr5 pass$ two & two1 :om we foll[$ to ! *ur*1 & aft] hav+ a s]mon came back to ! gramm>-s*ool1 :]e ! boys made spee*es 9 commemoration ( _! b5efactors1 "o 9 ,engli%1 ! o!r 9 ,lat91 to ea* ( :om x is cu/om>y = ! "l mayor to give "o gu9ea1 & ! two %]iffs half-a-gu9ea a-piece z we did2 aft]w>ds1 ! cl]k ( ! hospital deliv]$ to ! "l mayor a li/ ( ! sev]al gov]nors to ! sev]al hospitals nom9at$ ! prec$+ ye>4 ,!n ! sev]al beadles ( all ! hospitals came 91 & lay+ d[n _! /aves on ! middle ( ! floor1 retir$ to ! bottom ( ! hall4 ,!reupon ! "l mayor address$ himself to ! city m>%al1 inquir+ aft] _! conduct1 & if any compla9t 0 to be made aga9/ any "o 9 p>ticul>1 & no objection be+ made1 ! "l mayor ord]$ !m to take up _! /aves aga92 all :i* is done 9 tok5 ( _! submission to ! *ief magi/rate1 & t !y hold _! places at 8 w1 ?\gh elect$ by _! respective gov]nors4 ,we 7 aft]w>ds treat$ 9 ! cu/om>y mann] ) sweet cakes & burnt w9e4 ,,sept4 #bb4 ,,b$=d%ire4 ,on ?is day1 at ,bidd5ham1 %ortly be=e noon1 a little procession ( villag]s convey a :ite rabbit decorat$ ) sc>let ribbons ?r\gh ! village1 s++ a hymn 9 hon\r ( ,/4 ,aga?a4 ,?is c]emony is said to date f ! ye> ( ! fir/ ,crusade4 ,all ! unm>ri$ "y wom5 :o meet ! procession ext5d ! fir/ two f+]s ( ! left h&1 po9t+ t[>ds ! rabbit1 & say-- 8,gu/91 ,gu/91 lacks a bi]6 ,maid5s1 maid5s1 bury him "h40 ,! ,p5ny ,po/1 ,novemb] #ahgj4 ,,sept4 #bd4 ,,scald+ ,,?ursday4 ,9 ,laud's di>y occurs ! foll[+3 8#afce ,sept4 #bd?1 ,scald+ ,?ursday40 ,?is 0 probably a homely t]m = ! day ( prep>ation = t high-day ,mi*aelmas1 :5 ! victim goose 0 scald$1 pluck$1 & hung--a week's hang+ is ! rule = a goose4--,n4 ,q4 #crd ,s41 vol4 iv4 p4 #dda4 ,,sept4 #bh4 ,,mi*aelmas ,,eve4 ,,surrey4 ,a curi\s cu/om once exi/$ at ,k+/on1 viz41 t ( ! congregation crack+ nuts dur+ ! p]=mance ( div9e s]vice on ! ,sunday next be=e ! eve ( ,/4 ,mi*ael's ,day3 h5ce ! phrase1 8,crack-,nut ,sunday40 ,?is cu/om is consid]$ by "s to h _h orig9ally "s connection ) ! *oos+ ( ! bailiff & o!r memb]s ( ! corporate body on ,/4 ,mi*ael's ,day1 & ( ! usual civic fea/ att5d+ t proce$+4 ,x w\ld seem1 h[ev]1 f ! foll[+ passage 9 ,goldsmi?'s ,vic> ( ,wakefield 7*ap4 iv471 t ! cu/om 0 n conf9$ to ,k+/on2 = ! good vic>1 speak+ ( 8 p>i%ion]s1 says3--8,!y kept up ! ,*ri/mas c>ol1 s5t true-love-knots on ,val5t9e morn+1 ate pancakes on ,%rovetide1 %[$ _! wit on ! fir/ ( ,april1 & religi\sly crack$ nuts on ,mi*aelmas eve40--,brayley1 ,topographical ,hi/ory ( ,surrey1 #ahda1 vol4 iii4 p #da4 ,,irel&4 ,! la/ ,sunday ( summ] has be51 h]et(ore1 a day ( great importance ) ! ,iri%1 z ^u x !y fir/ tri$ ! new potato1 & =m$ an op9ion z to ! prospects ( ! future h>ve/4 ,! day 0 always call$1 9 ! we/ 9 p>ticul>1 8,g>lic ,sunday10 p]haps a corruption ( ,g>l& ,sunday4--,n4 ,q4 #a/4 ,s4 vol4 ix4 p4 #cd4 ,,sept4 #bi4 ,,mi*aelmas ,,day4 ,at ?is season village maid5s1 9 ! we/ ( ,engl&1 g up & d[n ! h$ges ga!r+ crab apples1 :i* !y c>ry home1 putt+ !m into a l(t1 & =m+ ) !m ! initials ( _! suppos$ suitors' names4 ,! initials :i* are f\nd1 on exam9ation1 to be mo/ p]fect on ,old ,mi*aelmas ,day are consid]$ to repres5t ! /ronge/ atta*m5ts & ! be/ = *oice ( husb&s4--,br&1 ,pop4 ,antiq4 #ahdi1 vol4 i4 p4 #cef4 ,mi*aelmas ,goose4--,x 0 long a preval5t notion t ! practice ( eat+ goose on ,mi*aelmas ,day arose f ! circum/ance t ,que5 ,elizabe? receiv$ ! news ( ! defeat ( ! ,spani% ,armada :il/ p>tak+ ( a goose on t anniv]s>y4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 is disprov$ by ! fact t1 s f> back z ! t5? ye> ( ,edw>d ,,iv4 7#adgj71 "o ,john de la ,hay 0 b\nd1 among/ o!r s]vices1 to r5d] to ,william ,b>naby1 "l ( ,la/res1 9 ,h]e=d%ire1 = a p>cel ( ! demesne l&s1 8xxd & "o goose fit = 8 "l's d9n] on ! ,fea/ ( ,/4 ,mi*ael ! ,ar*angel40--,sports1 ,pa/imes1 & ,cu/oms ( ,london1 #ahdg1 p4 #cg4 ,9 ! poems ( ,george ,gascoigne1 #aege1 occur too ! foll[+ l9es3-- 8,& :5 ! t5antes come to paie _! qu>t]'s r5t1 ,!y br+ "s f[le at ,midsumm]1 a di% ( fi% 9 ,l5t2 ,at ,*ri/masse a capon1 at ,mi*aelmasse a goose1 ,& some:at else at ,new-y]e's tide1 = fe>e _! lease flie loose40 ,bl\nt1 9 8 ,t5ures1 says t probably no o!r reason c be giv5 = ?is cu/om b t ,mi*aelmas day 0 a great fe/ival1 & geese at t "t 7 mo/ pl5tiful4--,see ,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq41 #ahdi1 vol4 i4 pp4 #cfg-cga4 ,,b]k%ire4 ,x appe>s f a tablet 9 ! *ur* at ,great ,coxwell1 t ! ,rev4 ,david ,colli] *>g$ c]ta9 l&s 9 ! hamlet ( ,little ,coxwell ) ! paym5t ( eight bu%els ( b>ley ye>ly1 on ! #bi? ( ,septemb]1 = tea*+ ! poor *ildr5 ( ?is p>i% to read1 write1 & ca/ acc\nts1 = ?ree ye>s1 :5 !y 7 to be succe$$ by two o!rs to be taught = ! same t]m1 & s on successively = ev]1 & he emp[]$ ! vic> & *ur*w>d5s1 or ! major "p ( !m 7! vic> be+ always "o7 to nom9ate ! *ildr54 ,! paym5t has be5 regul>ly made1 sometimes 9 k9d1 b latt]ly 9 money e/imat$ at ! price ( b>ley1 at ! ,f>r+don m>ket1 ! ne>e/ to ! day :5 ! annual paym5t becomes due4 ,! paym5t is made1 "u ! direction ( ! *ur*w>d5s1 to a s*oolmi/ress = tea*+ ?ree *ildr5 to read1 &1 if girls1 to m>k also4 ,! numb] ( *ildr5 0 =m]ly two only1 :o 7 fur!r taught to write & ca/ acc\nts2 b ?is "p ( _! education 0 discont9u$ _m ye>s ago 9 consequ5ce at ! inadequacy ( ! fund1 &1 in/ead !re( an additional *ild 0 s5t to be in/ruct$ ) ! o!rs4--,edw>ds1 ,old ,engli% ,cu/oms & ,*>ities1 p4 #dj4 ,! inhabitants ( ,ab+don once _h a cu/om ( adorn+ _! h\ses ) fl[]s1 c41 on ! election ( a mayor4 ,a writ] 9 ! ,g5t4 ,mag4 7#aghb1 vol4 lii4 p4 #eeh71 says3--,rid+ ?r\gh ,ab+don e>ly on "o ( ! fir/ ,sundays 9 ,octob]1 he f\nd ! p 9 ! /reets at ! entrance ( ! t[n1 v busy 9 adorn+ ! outside ( _! h\ses ) g>l&s ( fl[]s & b\ghs ( trees1 & ! pa?s 7 /rew$ ) fl[]s4 ,"o h\se 0 di/+ui%$ by a great] numb] ( g>l&s ?an ! re/1 & "s 7 mak+ to be fix$ at ! end ( poles4 ,on inquir+ ! reason1 he 0 told t x 0 usual to h ?is c]emony p]=m$ 9 ! /reet 9 :i* ! new mayor liv$ on ! fir/ ,sunday t he w5t to *ur* aft] 8 election4 ,,cornwall4 ,! manor ( ,rosc>rock1 ! ,rosc>et ( ,domesday1 situat$ ne> ,endellion1 0 held 9 ! "t ( ,edw>d ! ,confessor by ,alv91 & at ! "t ( ! ,domesday survey by ,nigel "u ! ,e>l ( ,moriton4 ,a sub/antial h\se has be5 con/ruct$ on ! site ( ! old mansion4 ,rosc>rock pays a modus ( #i 9 lieu ( ti!s2 ?is modus 0 anci5tly paid1 accord+ to e/abli%$ cu/om1 9 ! *ur* por* be=e sunrise on ! morn+ ( ,mi*aelmas ,day4--,p>o*ial ,hi/ory ( ,c\nty ( ,cornwall1 #ahfg1 vol4 i4 p4 #ccc4 ,,essex4 ,! ,lawless ,c\rt is kept1 says ,morant 7,hi/ory ( ,essex #agfh1 vol4 i4 p4 #bgb71 at ,k+'s-hill1 ab\t half a mile nor?-ea/ ( ,ro*=d ,*ur*1 9 ! y>d ( a h\se once belong+ to 4444 ,crips1 ,g5t41 & aft]w>ds to ,rob]t ,hack%aw1 ( ,london1 m]*ant1 & to ,mr4 ,john ,buckle4 ,"h ! t5ants kneel1 & d _! homage4 ,! "t is ! ,w$nesday morn+ next aft] ,mi*aelmas ,day1 ^u ! fir/ cock-cr[+1 )\t any k9d ( light b su* z ! heav5s w af=d4 ,! /ew>d ( ! ,c\rt calle? all su* z are b\nd to appe> ) z l[ a voice z possible1 giv+ no notice1 :5 he t gives n an answ] is deeply am]c$4 ,!y are all to :isp] to ea* o!r2 nor h !y any p5 & ink1 b supply t (fice ) a coal2 & he t owes suit & s]vice !reto1 & appe>s n1 =feits to ! "l d\ble 8 r5t e h\r he is abs5t4 ,a t5ant ( ?is manor =feit$ n long ago 8 l& = non-att5dance1 b 0 re/or$ to x1 ! "l only tak+ a f9e4 ,! ,c\rt is call$ ,lawless because held at an unlawful or lawless h\r1 or quia dicta s9e lege3 ! title ( x runs 9 ! ,c\rt rolls to ?is day accord+ to ! =m bel[3-- ,,k+',s ,,hill ,,9 ,,ro*=d4 ,curia de ,dom9o ,rege ,dicta s9e ,lege1 ,t5ta e/ ibidem ,p] ejusdem consuetud9em4 ,ante ortum ,solis1 ,luceat nisi ,polus1 ,nil scribit nisi colis4 ,toties volu]it1 ,gallus ut cantav]it1 ,p] cujus solum sonitum1 ,curia e/ summonita4 ,clamat clam pro ,rege ,9 ,curia s9e ,lege1 ,et nisi cito v5]9t1 ,citius pnitu]9t2 ,et nisi clam acc$ant ,curia non att5dat2 ,qui v5]it cum lum9e1 ,errat 9 regim9e ,et dum sunt s9e lum9e ,capti sunt 9 crim9e1 ,curia s9e cura ,jurati de injuria2 ,t5ta ibidem die ,m]curii 7ante diem7 proximo1 po/ ,fe/um ,sancti ,mi*aelis ,ar*angeli1 anno ,regni ,regis1 c4 ,!re is a tradition t ?is s]vile att5dance 0 impos$ at fir/ ^u c]ta9 t5ants ( div]s manors h]eab\ts = conspir+ 9 ?is place at su* an unreasonable "t to raise a commotion4#gg #gg ,at ,kidd]m9/]1 says a correspond5t ( ,g5t4 ,mag4 7#agij1 vol4 lx4 p4 #aaia71 is a s+ul> cu/om4 ,on ! election ( a bailiff ! inhabitants assemble 9 ! pr9cipal /reets & ?r[ cabbage-/alks at ea* o!r4 ,! t[n-h\se bell gives signal = ! affray4 ,?is is call$ 8lawless h\r40 ,?is done 7= x la/s an h\r71 ! bailiff elect & corporation1 9 _! robes1 prec$$ by drums & fifes 7= !y h no waits71 visit ! old & new bailiff1 con/ables1 c41 att5d$ by a mob4 ,9 ! meantime ! mo/ respectable families 9 ! neighb\rhood are invit$ to meet & fl+ apples at !m on _! entrance4 ,,gl\ce/]%ire4 ,! cu/om ( hang+ out bu%es ( ivy1 b\ghs ( trees1 or bun*es ( fl[]s at private h\ses z a sign t good *e] may be _h )91 prevails 9 ! city ( ,gl\ce/] at ! fair held at ,mi*aelmas1 call$ ,b>ton ,fair f ! locality4--,n4 ,q4 #a/ ,s4 vol4 ix4 p4 #aac4 ,,h]t=d%ire4 ,9 ,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq4 7#ahdi1 vol4 i4 p4 #cgb7 is ! foll[+ acc\nt ( a curi\s sept5nial cu/om obs]v$ at ,bi%op ,/ort=d & 9 ! adjac5t neighb\rhood on old ,mi*aelmas ,day1 tak5 f a ,london newspap] ( ! #ah? ( ,octob]1 #aghg3-- ,on ! morn+ ( ?is day1 call$ ,gang+ ,day1 a great numb] ( "y m5 assemble 9 ! fields :]e a v active fell[ is nom9at$ ! lead]4 ,?is p]son !y are b\nd to foll[1 :o1 = ! sake ( div]sion1 g5]ally *ooses ! r\te ?r\gh ponds1 dit*es1 & places ( difficult passage4 ,e p]son !y meet is bump$1 male or female1 :i* is p]=m$ by two o!r p]sons tak+ !m up by _! arms1 & sw++ !m aga9/ ea* o!r4 ,! wom5 9 g5]al keep at home at ?is p]iod1 except ^? ( less scrupul\s "*1 :o1 = ! sake ( p>tak+ ( a gallon ( ale & a plumcake1 :i* e l&lord or publican is oblig$ to furni% ! revell]s )1 g5]ally sp5d ! be/ "p ( ! night 9 ! fields if ! wea!r is fair1 x be+ /rictly accord+ to anci5t usage n to p>take ( ! *e] any:]e else4 ,,nott+ham%ire4 ,a correspond5t ( ,book ( ,days 7vol ii4 p4 #cic7 gives ! foll[+ acc\nt ( ! c]emonies =m]ly connect$ ) ! election ( ! mayor at ,nott+ham4 ,on ! day ! new mayor assum$ (fice 7,septemb] #bi71 he1 ! old mayor1 ! ald]m51 & c\ncillors1 all m>*$ 9 procession to ,/4 ,m>y's ,*ur*1 :]e div9e s]vice 0 said4 ,aft] s]vice ! :ole body w5t into ! ve/ry1 :]e ! old mayor seat$ himself 9 an elb[ *air1 at a table cov]$ ) black clo?1 9 ! middle ( :i* lay ! mace cov]$ ) rosem>y & sprigs ( bay4 ,?is 0 t]m$ 8! bury+ ( ! mace10 d\btless a symbolical act1 d5ot+ ! (ficial decease ( its late hold]4 ,a =m ( elect+ ! new mayor 0 !n gone ?r\gh1 aft] :i* ! "o retir+ f (fice took up ! mace1 kiss$ x1 & deliv]$ x into ! h& ( 8 successor4 ,! new mayor !n propos$ two p]sons = %]iffs1 & two = ! (fice ( *amb]la9s2 & aft] ^! _h also gone ?r\gh ! votes1 ! :ole assemblage m>*$ into ! *ancel1 :]e ! s5ior coron] adm9i/]$ ! oa? to ! new mayor 9 ! pres5ce ( ! old "o3 & ! t[n-cl]k gave to ! %]iffs & *amb]la9s _! oa? ( (fice4 ,^! c]emonies be+ ov]1 !y m>*$ 9 ord] to ! ,new ,hall1 att5d$ by su* g5tlem5 & tradesm5 z _h be5 invit$ by ! mayor & %]iffs1 :]e ! fea/+ took place4 ,on _! way1 at ! ,week-day ,cross1 ov] aga9/ ! anci5t ,guild ,hall1 ! t[n-cl]k proclaim$ ! mayor & %]iffs2 & at ! next ensu+ m>ket-day !y 7 aga9 proclaim$ 9 ! face ( ! :ole m>ket at ! ,malt ,cross4 ,on ^! occasions ! mayor & %]iffs welcom$ _! gue/s ) bread & *eese1 fruit 9 season1 & pipes & tobacco4 ,,sussex4 ,at ,*i*e/]1 ,sloe ,fair 0 always proclaim$ "u ! ,canon ,gate by ! bi%op's /ew>d eight days be=e ! eve ( ,/4 ,fai? ! ,virg91 dur+ :i* "t ! jurisdiction ( ! mayor ceas$1 & ! bi%op _h p[] to collect1 & did by 8 ag5t collect1 ! tolls ( ! m>ket & fair4 ,an in/ance is record$ 7#agjb7 9 ! annals ( ! corporation ( ! bi%op claim+ ! keys ( ! city dur+ ! ,piep[d] ,c\rt4 ,! bi%op's claim arose f a grant made z e>ly z ,h5ry ,i4--,dally1 ,*i*e/] ,guide1 #ahca1 p4 #bd4 ,! bailiff ( ,sea=d is annually elect$ on ,/4 ,mi*ael's ,day4 ,! freem5 ( ! t[n hav+ previ\sly assembl$ at ! ,c\rt ,hall--leav+ ! jurats on ! b5*--retire to a c]ta9 spot at ! gate-po/ ( a field ne> ! we/ end ( ! t[n1 :]e ! s]jeant-at-mace ( ! body corporate nom9ates ! *ief magi/rate = ! ensu+ ye>1 :o is !n & !re elect$4 ,?is peculi> cu/om is suppos$ to h orig9at$ to prev5t any influ5ce on ! "p ( ! corporation magi/rates 7jurats71 & to enable ! freem5 to make a free *oice ( _! mayor4 ,,we/]n ,,isles ,,( ,,scotl&4 ,m>t91 9 8 ,acc\nt ( ! ,we/]n ,isles ( ,scotl&1 7#agjc1 p4 #gi71 speak+ ( ! isl& ,l+ay1 says t ! inhabitants are mu* addict$ to rid+1 ! pla9ness ( ! c\ntry dispos+ bo? m5 & horses to x4 ,!y obs]ve an anniv]s>y cavalcade on ,mi*aelmas ,day1 & !n all ranks ( bo? sexes appe> on horseback4 ,! place = ?is r5dezv\s is a l>ge piece ( firm s&y gr\nd on ! sea-%ore1 & !re !y h horse rac+ = small prizes = :i* !y cont5d eag]ly4 ,!re is an anci5t cu/om by :i* x is lawful = any ( ! inhabitants to /eal 8 neighb\r's horse ! night be=e ! race & ride him all next day1 provid$ he deliv]s him safe & s\nd to ! own] aft] ! race4 ,! mann] ( runn+ is by a few "y m5 :o use nei!r saddles nor bridles1 except small ropes made ( b5t in/ead ( a bridle1 nor any sort ( spurs b _! b>e heels2 & :5 !y beg9 ! race1 !y ?r[ ^! ropes on _! horses' necks1 & drive !m on vigor\sly1 ) a piece ( long sea-w>e 9 ea* h& in/ead ( a :ip1 & ?is is dri$ 9 ! sun sev]al mon?s be=e = t purpose4 ,?is is a happy opportunity = ! vulg>1 :o h few occasions = meet+ except on ,sundays2 ! m5 h _! swee!>ts beh9d !m on horseback & give & receive mutual pres5ts3 ! m5 pres5t ! wom5 ) knives & purses1 ! wom5 pres5t ! m5 ) a pair ( f9e g>t]s ( div]s col\rs2 !y give !m likewise a quantity ( wild c>rots4 ,macaulay says x 0 ! cu/om1 till ( late1 at ,/4 ,kilda1 on ,mi*aelmas ,day1 to prep>e 9 e family a loaf or cake ( bread1 enorm\sly l>ge1 & comp\nd$ ( diff]5t +r$i5ts4 ,?is cake belong$ to ! ,ar*angel1 & _h its "n f him4 ,e "o 9 ea* family1 :e!r /rang]s or dome/ics1 _h 8 portion ( ?is k9d ( %ew-bread1 & _h ( c\rse "s title to ! fri5d%ip & protection ( ,/4 ,mi*ael4--,hi/ory ( ,/4 ,kilda1 #agfd1 p4 #bb4 ,m>t91 speak+ ( ! ,prote/ant inhabitants ( ,skye1 says3 ,!y obs]ve ! fe/ivals ( ,*ri/mas1 ,ea/]1 ,good ,friday1 & ,/4 ,mi*ael4 ,^u ! latt] day1 !y h a cavalcade 9 ea* p>i%1 & sev]al families bake ! bread call$ ,/4 ,mi*ael's bannock4 ,allud+ to ,/4 ,kilb> village1 he obs]ves t !y likewise h a g5]al cavalcade on ,/4 ,mi*ael's ,day1 & take a turn r\nd _! *ur*4 ,e family1 z soon z ! solemnity is ov]1 is accu/om$ to bake ,/4 ,mi*ael's cake2 & all /rang]s1 toge!r ) ^? ( ! family1 mu/ eat ! bread t night4--,m>t9's ,description ( ! ,we/]n ,isles ( ,scotl&1 p4 #bac4 ,,irel&4 ,9 ,irel&1 ?is season is celebrat$ by ! mak+ ( ! ,mi*aelmas cake4 ,a lady's r+ is mix$ 9 ! d\gh1 &1 :5 ! cake is bak$ x is cut into sections & di/ribut$ to ! unm>ri$ p at table1 & ! p]son :o gets ! slice ) ! r+ 8is sure to be m>ri$ be=e next ,mi*aelmas40--,n4 ,q4 #crd ,s4 vol4 ix4 p4 #ebj4 ,,oct4 #b4 ,,goose ,,fair4 ,,nott+ham4 ,! orig9 ( ?is fair arose f ! l>ge quantities ( geese :i* 7 driv5 up f ! f5s ( ,l9coln%ire = sale at ?is fair1 :i* is on ! #bnd ( ,octob]1 :5 geese are j 9 season4 ,p]sons n[ liv+ c rememb] see+ fifte5 or tw5ty ?\s& geese 9 ! m>ket-place1 ea* flock att5d$ by a gooseh]d ) a crook1 :i* he dext]\sly ?rew r\nd ! neck ( any goose1 & br\ght x out = inspection by ! cu/om]4 ,a /reet on ! ,l9coln%ire side ( ! t[n is /ill call$ ,goosegate1 & ! flav\r ( ! goose is fully appreciat$ by ! good p ( ,nott+ham1 z1 on ! fair day1 "o is sure to be f\nd on ! table ( tw5ty-n9e out ( a hundr$ ( ! bett] class ( ! inhabitants4--,n4 ,q4 #a/ ,s41 vol4 vi4 p4 #efc4 ,a writ] 9 ,j\r4 ( ! ,ar*4 ,assoc4 7#ahec1 vol4 viii4 p4 #bcf71 allud+ to ! cu/oms all[$ at ,nott+ham1 says t ! mayor ( ,nott+ham =m]ly appe>s to h giv5 a fea/ ( hot roa/ geese on ! la/ day ( 8 mayoralty previ\s to ! election ( 8 successor4 ,,lanca%ire4 ,at ,great ,crosby1 a suburban village ab\t sev5 miles f ,liv]pool1 e>ly 9 ,octob]1 e ye> !re is held a local fe/ival1 :i* is call$ ! 8,goose ,fair40 ,! fea/ takes place :5 ! h>ve/ is ga!r$ 9 ab\t t "p ( ! c\ntry1 & s x =ms a sort ( 8h>ve/-home0 ga!r+ = ! agriculturi/s ( ! neighb\rhood4 ,x is said also t1 at ?is p>ticul> p]iod1 geese are f9] & fatt] aft] fe$+ on ! /ubble-fields ?an at any o!r "t4 ,curi\s to say1 h[ev]1 ! bird 9 "q is seldom1 if ev]1 eat5 at ^! fea/s4--,n4 ,q4 #crd ,s4 vol4 iii4 p4 #aeh1 & vol4 iv4 p4 #hb4 ,,oct4 #f4 ,,/4 ,,fai?',s ,,day4 ,on ?is day a v curi\s cu/om is obs]v$ 9 ! ,nor? ( ,engl&4 ,a cake ( fl\r1 spr+-wat]1 salt1 & sug> mu/ be made by ?ree maid5s or ?ree wid[s1 & ea* mu/ h an equal %>e 9 ! composition4 ,x is !n bak$ be=e ! fire 9 a ,dut*-ov51 &1 all ! :ile x is do+1 sil5ce mu/ be /rictly obs]v$1 & ! cake mu/ be turn$ n9e times1 or ?ree times to ea* p]son4 ,:5 x is ?or\ghly done x is divid$ into ?ree p>ts4 ,ea* "o tak+ h] %>e1 & cutt+ x into n9e slips1 mu/ pass ea* slip ?ree times ?r\gh a w$d+-r+ previ\sly borr[$ f a woman :o has be5 m>ri$ at lea/ sev5 ye>s4 ,!n ea* "o mu/ eat h] n9e slips z %e is undress+1 & repeat ! foll[+ rhyme3-- 8,o good ,/4 ,fai?1 be k9d to-night1 ,& br+ to me my he>t's delight2 ,let me my future husb& view1 ,& be my visions *a/e & true40 ,!n all ?ree mu/ get into b$ ) ! r+ susp5d$ by a /r+ to ! head ( ! c\*1 & !y w be sure to dream ( _! future husb&s4--,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq4 #ahdi1 vol4 i4 p4 #cgc4 ,,oct4 #aj4 ,,dorset%ire4 ,pack ,monday ,fair is held at ,%]borne on ! fir/ ,monday aft] ! #aj? ( ,octob]1 & is u%]$ 91 says ,hut*9s 7,hi/4 ( ,dorset1 #aggd71 by ! r++ ( ! great bell at a v e>ly h\r 9 ! morn+1 & by ! boys & "y m5 p]ambulat+ ! /reets ) c[s' horns4 ,tradition ass]ts t ?is fair orig9at$ at ! t]m9ation ( ! build+ ( ! *ur*1 :5 ! p :o _h be5 employ$ ab\t x pack$ up _! tools1 & held a fair or wake 9 ! *ur*y>d1 bl[+ c[s' horns 9 _! rejoic+4--,see ,e ,day ,book1 vol4 ii4 p4 #ajcg4 ,,k5t4 ,a fair 0 =m]ly held ye>ly on ! #aj? ( ,octob]1 9 ! prec9cts ( ! ville ( ,*ri/ ,*ur*1 & 0 usually call$ ,jack & ,joan ,fair1 f its be+ e/eem$ a /atute fair = ! hir+ ( s]vants ( bo? sexes1 = :i* purpose x cont9u$ till ! second ,saturday or m>ket-day _h pass$4--,ha/$'s ,hi/ory ( ,k5t1 #agii1 vol4 iv4 p4 #dbd4 ,,lanca%ire4 ,ab\t ! ye> #agfj1 x 0 cu/om>y ) ! burgesses ( ,liv]pool on ! annual election ( a mayor to h a be> bait$4 ,?is ev5t took place on ! #aj? ( ,octob]1 & ! demon/rations ( rejoic+ cont9u$ = sev]al days4 ,! animal 0 fir/ bait$ at ! ,:ite ,cross1 at ! top ( ,*apel ,/reet1 & 0 !n l$ 9 triumph to ! ex*ange1 :]e ! conflict 0 r5ew$4 ,a repetition ( ! same brutal cruelties 0 likewise exhibit$ 9 ,d]by ,/reet1 & ! div]sion 0 conclud$ by ! animal und]go+ reit]at$ assaults at ! ,/ock ,m>ket opposite ! top ( ,pool ,lane4 ,! be> 0 assail$ sep>ately by l>ge ma/iffs1 & if any dog compell$ him to yell1 or 0 able to su/a9 ! conte/ ) sup]ior address1 he 0 rew>d$ ) a brass coll>4 ,x 0 rem>kable1 h[ev]1 t few ( ! be>'s assailants c\ld be induc$ to r5ew ! fight aft] hav+ once receiv$ ! frat]nal embrace4--,corry1 ,hi/ory ( ,liv]pool1 #ahaj1 p4 #ic4 ,,york%ire4 ,=m]ly1 !re exi/$ 9 ,hull a cu/om ( :ipp+ all ! dogs t 7 f\nd runn+ ab\t ! /reets on ! #aj? ( ,octob]1#gh & at "o "t s common 0 ! practice1 t e little ur*9 consid]$ x 8 duty to prep>e a :ip = any unlucky dog t might be se5 9 ! /reet on t day4 #gh ,see ,/4 ,luke's ,day4 ,tradition assigns ! foll[+ orig9 to ! cu/om3--,previ\s to ! suppression ( mona/]ies 9 ,hull1 x 0 ! cu/om = ! monks to provide lib]ally = ! poor & ! wayf>] :o came to ! fair held annually on ! #aa? ( ,octob]2 & :ile busy 9 ?is necess>y prep>ation ! day be=e ! fair1 a dog /roll$ into ! l>d]1 snat*$ up a jo9t ( meat & decamp$ ) x4 ,! cooks gave ! al>m1 & :5 ! dog got into ! /reets he 0 pursu$ by ! expectants ( ! *>ity ( ! monks1 :o 7 wait+ outside ! gate1 & made to give up ! /ol5 jo9t4 ,:5ev]1 aft] ?is1 a dog %[$ 8 face :ile ?is annual prep>ation 0 go+ on1 he 0 in/antly beat5 (f4 ,ev5tually1 ?is 0 tak5 up by ! boys &1 until ! introduction ( ! new police1 0 rigidly put 9 practice by !m e #aj? ( ,octob]4--,n4 ,q4 #a/ ,s4 vol4 viii4 p4 #dji4 ,,oct4 #ah4 ,,/4 ,,luke',s ,,day4 ,,k5t4 ,at ,*>lton1 a fair 0 held on ?is day1 & 0 *>act]iz$ by sev]al curi\s peculi>ities4 ,e boo? 9 ! fair _h its horns conspicu\s 9 ! front4 ,rams' horns 7 an article abundantly repres5t$ = sale1 ev5 ! g+]bread 0 m>k$ by a gilt pair ( horns4 ,x seem$ an inexplicable my/]y h[ horns & ,*>lton ,fair _h become associat$ 9 ?is mann]1 till an antiqu>y at l5g? ?rew a light ^u x by po9t+ out t a horn$ ox is ! recognis$ m$ival symbol ( ,/4 ,luke1 ! patron ( ! fair1 fragm5t>y examples ( x be+ /ill to be se5 9 ! pa9t$ w9d[s ( ,*>lton ,*ur*4 ,?is fair 0 "o :]e an unusual lic5ce 0 practis$4 ,x 0 cu/om>y = m5 to come to x 9 wom5's clo!s--a fav\rite mode ( masqu]ad+ two or ?ree hundr$ ye>s ago--aga9/ :i* ! puritan cl]gy laun*$ _m a fulm9ation4 ,! m5 also amus$ !mselves1 on _! way across ,blackhea?1 9 la%+ ! wom5 ) furze1 x be+ prov]bial t 8all 0 fair at ,horn ,fair40--,book ( ,days1 vol4 i4 p4 #fde4 ,a s]mon 0 =m]ly prea*$ at ,*>lton ,*ur* on ! day ( ! fair4 ,a practice :i* orig9at$ by a beque/ ( tw5ty %ill+s a ye> to ! m9i/] ( ! p>i% = prea*+ x4--,see ,e ,day ,book1 #ahbf1 vol4 i4 pp4 #achf-achi4 ,,york%ire4 ,drake1 9 8 ,eboracum 7#agcf1 p4 #bah71 says t a fair 0 always kept 9 ,micklegate1 on ,/4 ,luke's ,day1 = all sorts ( small w>es4 ,x 0 commonly call$ ,di% ,fair f ! great quantity ( wood5 di%es1 ladles1 c41 br\ght to x4 ,an old cu/om 0 obs]v$ at ?is fair1 ( be>+ a wood5 ladle 9 a sl+ on two /angs ab\t x1 c>ri$ by f\r /urdy lab\r]s1 & ea* lab\r] 0 support$ by ano!r4 ,?is1 )\t d\bt1 0 a ridicule on ! meanness ( ! w>es br\ght to ! fair1 small b5efit accru+ to ! lab\r]s at x4 ,drake tells u t 9 8 "t ,/4 ,luke's ,day 0 kn[n 9 ,york by ! "n ( ,:ip-,dog ,day1 f a /range cu/om t s*oolboys _h ( :ipp+ all dogs t 7 se5 9 ! /reets on t day4 ,:5ce ?is uncommon p]secution1 he says1 took its rise is unc]ta91 & has ev5 be5 consid]$ by "s to be ( ,roman orig94 ,he reg>ds1 h[ev]1 ! foll[+ tradition z mo/ probable3--,t 9 "s "t ( pop]y a prie/ celebrat+ mass at ?is fe/ival1 9 "s *ur* 9 ,york1 un=tunately dropp$ ! ho/ aft] consecration1 :i* 0 sudd5ly snat*$ up & swall[$ by a dog t lay "u ! alt> table4 ,! pr(anation ( ?is high my/]y occasion$ ! dea? ( ! dog1 & a p]secution began :i* 0 cont9u$ on ! anniv]s>y ( ?is day4 ,! same cu/om also exi/$ at ,man*e/] on ! fir/ day ( ,acres ,fair1 :i* 0 held ab\t ! same "t4--,m$4 vi ,kal5d4 vol4 i4 p4 #cfj4 ,,oct4 #ba4 ,,gl\ce/]%ire4 ,ri*>d ,aldridge gave ! int]e/ ( #bjjl41 ,?ree p] ,c5t4 ,consols1 t ! divid5d %\ld1 = ev]1 be dispos$ ( z foll[s3--#al4 #as4 to ! vic> ( ! p>i% ( ,/4 ,ni*olas = p]=m+ morn+ s]vice annually 9 ! p>i% *ur* on ! #ba/ ( ,octob]1 & prea*+ a s]mon 9 commemoration ( ! glori\s victory obta9$ by ,"l ,nelson ov] ! comb9$ fleets ( ,france & ,spa9 (f ,cape ,trafalg>1 on ! #ba/ ( ,octob] #ahje2 #ajs4 #f;d4 equally betwe5 ! cl]k & sexton = _! att5dance at su* s]vice & s]mon4 ,! residue ( ! divid5d to be appli$ to keep+ a monum5t ( 8 fri5d 9 good condition1 & ! surplus aft] su* repair to be giv5 to ! poor on ! #f? ( ,decemb] ea* ye> 9 coals & g>m5ts4--,edw>ds1 ,old ,engli% ,cu/oms & ,*>ities1 #ahdb1 p4 #agj4 ,,oct4 #be4 ,,/4 ,,crisp9',s ,,day4 ,9 _m places ,/4 ,crisp9's ,day is a great holiday among ! %oemak]s1 & ! orig9 ( x is ?us expla9$3--,two bro!rs1 ,crisp9 & ,crisp9ian1 natives ( ,rome1 hav+ become conv]ts to ,*ri/ianity1 travell$ to ,soissons 9 ,france ab\t ! ye> #cjc1 9 ord] to propagate ! ,*ri/ian fai?4 ,be+ desir\s1 h[ev]1 ( r5d]+ !mselves indep5d5t !y ga9$ a subsi/5ce by mak+ %oes1 ) :i* x is said !y furni%$ ! poor at an extremely small price1 an angel1 accord+ to ! leg5d1 supply+ !m ) lea!r4 ,!y suff]$ m>tyrdom 9 ! p]secution "u ,maximian4 ,9 ,"t's ,telescope = #ahaf x is obs]v$ t ! %oemak]s ( ! pres5t day are n f> beh9d _! pr$ecessors 9 ! mann] ( keep+ ,/4 ,crisp94 ,f ! highe/ to ! l[e/ x is a day ( fea/+ & jollity4 ,x is also obs]v$ z a fe/ival ) ! corporate body ( cordwa9]s or %oemak]s ( ,london1 b )\t any sort ( procession on ! occasion4 ,,nor?umb]l&4 ,9 ! t[n ( ,hexham1 ! foll[+ cu/om is1 or 01 at "o "t obs]v$3--,! %oemak]s ( ! t[n meet & d9e by previ\s arrangem5ts at "s tav]n2 a ,k+ ,crisp91 que51 pr9ce1 & pr9cess1 elect$ f memb]s ( _! frat]nity ( families1 be+ pres5t4 ,!y aft]w>ds =m 9 gr& procession 7! ladies & _! att5dants except$71 & p>ade ! /reets ) bann]s1 music1 c41 ! royal p>ty & suite gaily dress$ 9 "*4 ,9 ! ev5+ !y reassemble = danc+ & o!r fe/ivities4 ,to 8 maje/y & consort1 & _! royal highnesses ! pr9ce & pr9cess 7! latt] usually a pretty girl71 due regal homage is paid dur+ t day4--,n4 ,q4 #a/ ,s4 vol4 vi4 p4 #bdc4 ,at "o "t ! cordwa9]s ( ,newca/le celebrat$ ! fe/ival ( ,/4 ,crisp9 by hold+ a coronation ( _! patron sa9t 9 ! c\rt ( ! ,freem5's ,hospital at ! ,we/gate1 & aft]w>ds walk+ 9 procession ?r\gh ! pr9cipal /reets ( ! t[n4 ,?is c>icature %[ produc$ mu* laught] & mir?4--,mack5zie1 ,hi/ory ( ,newca/le1 #ahbg1 vol4 i4 p4 #hh4 ,,sussex4 ,9 ! p>i%es ( ,cuckfield & ,hur/-a-po9t1 ,/4 ,crisp9's ,day is kept ) mu* rejoic+4 ,! boys g r\nd ask+ = money 9 ! "n ( ,/4 ,crisp91 bonfires are light$1 & x passes (f v mu* 9 ! same way z ! #e? ( ,novemb]4 ,x appe>s f an inscription on a monum5t to "o ( ! anci5t family ( ,bunell1 9 ! p>i% *ur* ( ,cuckfield1 t a ,sir ,john ,bunell att5d$ ,h5ry ,v4 to ,france 9 ! ye> #adae1 ) "o %ip1 tw5ty m5-at-arms1 & =ty ar*]s1 & x is probable t ! obs]vance ( ?is day 9 t neighb\rhood is connect$ ) t fact4--,n4 ,q4 #a/ ,s4 vol4 v4 p4 #cj4 ,,wales4 ,at ,t5by an effigy 0 made & hung on "s elevat$ & prom95t place 7! /eeple = in/ance7 on ! previ\s night4 ,on ! morn+ ( ! ,sa9t's day x 0 cut d[n & c>ri$ ab\t ! t[n1 a w be+ read 9 doggrel v]se1 purport+ to be ! la/ te/am5t ( ! ,sa9t1 9 pursuance ( :i* ! sev]al articles ( dress 7 di/ribut$ to ! diff]5t %oemak]s4 ,at l5g? no?+ rema9$ ( ! image b ! padd+1 :i* 0 kick$ ab\t by ! cr[d4 ,z a sort ( rev5ge = ! treatm5t giv5 to ,/4 ,crisp91 8 foll[]s hung up ! effigy ( a c>p5t] on ,/4 ,clem5t's ,day4--,mason's ,tales & ,traditions ( ,t5by1 #aheh1 p4 #bf4 ,,oct4 #bi4 ,,/4 ,,modw5',s ,,day4 ,,/af=d%ire4 ,?is day us$ to be obs]v$ at ,burton-on-,tr5t4 ,on x 0 held a sale ( *eese1 & a v>iety ( sports & pa/imes took place4--,pitt1 ,topographical ,hi/ory ( ,/af=d%ire1 #ahag1 p4 #de4 ,,oct4 #cj4 ,,buck+ham%ire4 ,! manor ( ,*etwode--a small village ab\t five miles f ,buck+ham--has be5 ! prop]ty ( ! ,*etwode family f ,saxon times4 ,?\gh ( small ext5t1 x is ! p>am\nt manor ( a lib]ty or di/rict1 embrac+ sev]al o!r manors & villages1 :i* are requir$ to d suit & s]vice at ! ,c\rt-,leet held at ,*etwode e ?ree ye>s4 ,! "l ( ,*etwode manor has also ! "r to levy a ye>ly tax1 call$ ! 8,rhyne ,toll10 on all cattle f\nd )9 ?is lib]ty1 betwe5 ! #cj? ( ,octob] & ! #g? ( ,novemb]1 bo? days inclusive4 ,! comm5cem5t ( ! toll1 :i* is proclaim$ ) mu* c]emony1 is ?us describ$ 9 an old docum5t ( ,que5 ,elizabe?'s reign3-- 8,9 ! beg9n+ ( ! said drift ( ! common1 or rhyne1 fir/ at _! go+ =?1 !y %all bl[ a welke-%ell1 or horne1 imm$iately aft] ! sun ris+ at ! ,mansion-,h\se ( ! manor ( ,*etwode1 & !n1 9 _! go+ ab\t1 !y %all bl[ _! horne ! second "t 9 ! field betwe5 ,newton ,purcell & ,b>ton ,h>t%orne1 9 ! said c\nty ( ,bucks1 & also %all bl[ _! horne a ?ird "t at a place ne> ! t[n ( ,f9m]e1 9 ! c\nty ( ,ox=d1 & !y %all bl[ _! horne ! f\r? "t at a c]ta9 /one 9 ! m>ket ( ! t[n ( ,buck+ham1 & !re to give ! poor sixp5ce2 & s1 go+ =w>d 9 ?is mann] ab\t ! said drift1 %all bl[ ! horne at sev]al bridges call$ ,?ornbor\gh ,bridge1 ,k+'s ,bridge1 & ,bridge ,mill4 ,& !y also %all bl[ _! horne at ! ,p\nd ,gate1 call$ ! ,"l's ,p\nd1 9 ! p>i% ( ,*etwode44444 ,& also 7! ,"l ( ,*etwode7 has always be5 us$ by 8 (fic]s & s]vants to drive away all =eign cattle t %all be f\nd )9 ! said p>i%es1 fields1 c41 to imp\nd ! same 9 any p\nd ( ! said t[ns1 & to take = e "o ( ! said =eign bea/s twop5ce = ! m\?1 & "o p5ny = a foot = e "o ( ! said bea/s40 ,all cattle ?us imp\nd$ at o!r places 7 to be remov$ to ! p\nd at ,*etwode1 & if n claim$ & ! toll paid )9 ?ree days1 8!n ! next day foll[+ aft] ! ris+ ( ! sun1 ! bailiff or (fic]s ( ! "l = ! "t be+ %all bl[ _! horne ?ree times at ! gate ( ! said p\nd1 & make proclamation t1 if any p]sons lack any cattle t %all be 9 ! same p\nd1 let !m come & %ew ! m>ks ( ! same cattle s claim$ by !m1 & !y %all h !m1 pay+ unto ! "l 8 money 9 ! mann] & =m be=e m5tion$1 o!rwise ! said cattle t %all s rema91 %all be ! "l's z /rays40 ,?is toll 0 =m]ly s rigidly en=c$1 t if ! own] ( cattle s imp\nd$ made 8 claim imm$iately aft] ! proclamation 0 ov]1 he 0 refus$ !m1 except by pay+ _! full m>ket price4 ,?\gh ! cu/om is /ill regul>ly obs]v$1 x has und]gone "s *anges s9ce ! date ( ! above docum5t4 ,! toll n[ beg9s at n9e 9 ! morn+ in/ead ( at sunrise1 & ! horn is fir/ s\nd$ on ! *ur*-hill at ,buck+ham1 & g+]bread & be] di/ribut$ among ! assembl$ boys1 ! girls be+ exclud$4 ,! (fic] !n proce$s to ano!r "p ( ! lib]ty on ! bord] ( ,ox=d%ire1 & !re1 aft] bl[+ 8 horn z be=e1 aga9 di/ributes g+]bread & be] among ! assembl$ boys4 ,! toll is !n proclaim$ z begun1 & collectors are /ation$ at diff]5t p>ts to en=ce x1 at ! rate ( two %ill+s a score ^u all cattle & sw9e pass+ on any road )9 ! lib]ty1 until twelve o'clock at night on ! #g? ( ,novemb]1 :5 ! 8,rhyne0 closes4 ,! occupi]s ( l& )9 ! lib]ty h long be5 accu/om$ to comp\nd = ! toll by an annual paym5t ( "o %ill+4 ,! toll has sometimes be5 refus$1 b has always be5 recov]$ ) ! att5dant exp5ses4 ,x realis$ ab\t #bjl4 a ye> be=e ! op5+ ( ! ,buck+ham%ire ,railway2 b n[1 ow+ to ,wel% & ,iri% cattle be+ s5t by tra9s1 x does n am\nt to above #dl41 & is let by ! pres5t "l ( ! manor = only #al4 #es4 a ye>4 ,! exi/5ce ( ?is toll may be trac$ to remote antiquity1 b no?+ is kn[n ( its orig9 except f local tradition1 :i*1 h[ev]1 9 ?is case has be5 s rem>kably confirm$1 t x may safely be cr$it$4 ,! p>i% ( ,*etwode1 z its "n implies1 0 =m]ly ?ickly wood$2 inde$ x =m$ a "p ( an anci5t =e/ call$ ,rookwoode1 :i* is suppos$ to h be5 cont]m9\s ) ! pres5t lib]ty ( ,*etwode4 ,at a v e>ly p]iod1 says our tradition1 ?is =e/ 0 infe/$ ) an enorm\s wild bo> :i* became ! t]ror ( ! surr\nd+ c\ntry4 ,! inhabitants 7 nev] safe f 8 attacks1 & /rang]s :o he>d ( 8 f]ocity 7 afraid to visit or pass ?r\gh ! di/rict1 s t traffic & fri5dly int]c\rse 7 s]i\sly imp$$1 z well u mu* injury done to prop]ty by ?is savage mon/]4 ,! "l ( ,*etwode1 l a valiant knight1 det]m9$ to rid 8 neighb\rhood f ?is pe/1 or to die 9 ! attempt4 ,b5t on ?is g5]\s purpose1 he salli$ =? into ! =e/1 &1 z ! old song has x1-- 8,!n he bl[$ a bla/ full nor?1 s\?1 ea/1 & we/-- ,w9d well ?y horn1 good hunt]2 ,& ! wild bo> !n he>d him full 9 8 d51 ,z he 0 a jovial hunt]4 ,!n he made ! be/ ( 8 spe$ unto him-- ,w9d well ?y horn1 good hunt]2 ,swift flew ! bo>1 ) 8 tusks sme>$ ) gore1 ,to ,sir ,ryalas1 ! jovial hunt]4 ,!n ! wild bo>1 be+ s /\t & s /rong-- ,w9d well ?y horn1 good hunt]2 ,?ra%$ d[n ! trees z he ramp$ him along ,to ,sir ,ryalas1 ! jovial hunt]4 ,!n !y f\ght f\r h\rs 9 a long summ] day-- ,w9d well ?y horn1 good hunt]2 ,till ! wild bo> fa9 w\ld h got him away ,f ,sir ,ryalas1 ! jovial hunt]4 ,!n ,sir ,ryalas he draw$ 8 broad-sword ) might-- ,w9d well ?y horn1 good hunt]2 ,& he fairly cut ! bo>'s head (f q1 ,= he 0 a jovial hunt]40 ,matt]s be+ ?us settl$1 ! neighb\rhood rung ) ! praises ( ! gallant de$ ( ! "l ( ,*etwode1 & ! news !re( soon rea*$ ! e>s ( ! k+1 :o 8lik$ him s well ( ! a*ievem5t10 t he =?) made ! knight t5ant 9 capite1 & con/itut$ 8 manor p>am\nt ( all ! manors )9 ! limits & ext5t ( ! royal =e/ ( ,rookwoode4 ,moreov]1 he grant$ to him1 & to 8 heirs = ev]1 among o!r immunities & privileges1 ! full "r & p[] to levy e ye> ! 8,rhyne ,toll10 :i* has already be5 describ$4 ,su* a cu/om z ! 8,rhyne ,toll0 is n )\t its use4 ,x is a p]petual memorial1 p]haps m conv9c+ ?an writt5 hi/ory1 ( ! dang]s :i* surr\nd$ our ance/ors1 & f :i* our c\ntry has happily be5 s long deliv]$ t we c n[ sc>cely believe !y ev] exi/$4--,! ,book ( ,days1 vol4 ii4 pp4 #eag-eai4 ,,oct4 #ca4 ,,hall[ ,,eve4 ,?is eve is s call$ f be+ ! vigil ( ,all ,sa9ts' ,day1 & is ! season = a v>iety ( sup]/iti\s & o!r cu/oms4 ,9 ! nor? ( ,engl& _m ( ^! /ill l+]4 ,"o ( ! mo/ common is t ( div+ = apples1 or ( cat*+ at !m ) ! m\? only1 ! h&s be+ ti$ beh9d1 & ! apples susp5d$ on "o end ( a long transv]se beam1 at ! o!r extremity ( :i* is fix$ a light$ c&le4 ,! fruit & nuts =m ! mo/ prom95t p>ts ( ! ev5+ fea/1 & f ?is circum/ance ! night has be5 t]m$ ,nutcrack ,night4#gi--,soane's ,book ( ! ,mon?s1 #ahdi1 vol4 ii4 p4 #bae2 see ,book ( ,days1 vol4 ii4 pp4 #eai-ebj4 #gi ,see ,mi*aelmas ,eve1 p4 #cge4 ,sir ,william ,dugdale 7,life1 ,di>y1 & ,correspond5ce ( ,sir ,w4 ,dugdale1 edit$ by ,w4 ,hamp]1 #ahbg1 p4 #ajd7 tells u t =m]ly1 on ,hall[e51 ! ma/] ( ! family us$ to c>ry a bun* ( /raw1 fir$1 ab\t 8 corn1 say+3 8,fire & r$ l[ ,light on my te5 n[40 ,?is fire-/raw1 says a correspond5t ( ,n4 ,q4 7#crd ,s4 vol4 i4 p4 #caf71 0 meant to w>d (f wit*craft1 & s pres]ve ! corn f be+ spoil$4 ,9 ,scotl&1 on ,hall[e51 ! r$ end ( a fi]y /ick is wav$ ab\t 9 my/ic figures 9 ! air to accompli% = ! p]son ! same spell4 ,r$ appe>s to be a col\r peculi>ly obnoxi\s to wit*es4 ,"o ,hall[e5 rhyme enjo9s ! employm5t (3 8,r[an tree & r$ ?read1 ,to g> ! wit*es dance _! dead20 i4e41 dance till !y fall d[n & expire4 ,! b]ries ( ! r[an-tree 7m\nta9-a%7 are ( a brilliant r$4 ,! po9t ( ! fi]y /ick wav$ rapidly takes ! appe>ance ( a 8r$ ?read40 ,,cornwall4 ,! anci5t cu/om ( provid+ *ildr5 ) a l>ge apple on ,allhall[s ,eve is /ill obs]v$ to a great ext5t at ,/4 ,ives4 8,allan ,day10 z x is t]m$1 is ! day ( days to hundr$s ( *ildr5 :o w\ld deem x a great mis=tune 7 !y to g to b$ on ,allan night )\t ! "t hon\r$ allan apple to hide b5ea? _! pill[s4 ,a l>ge quantity ( apples are ?us dispos$ (1 ! sale ( :i* is dignifi$ by ! t]m ,allan ,m>ket4--,hunt's ,romances ( ! ,we/ ( ,engl&1 #ahga1 p4 #chh4 ,,lanca%ire4 ,9 ,lanca%ire1 says ,hampson 7,m$4 vi ,kal5d4 vol4 i4 p4 #cfe71 x 0 =m]ly believ$ t wit*es assembl$ on ?is night to d 8_! de$s )\t a "n10 at _! g5]al r5dezv\s 9 ! =e/ ( ,p5dle1 a ru9$ & desolate f>mh\se1 d5om9at$ ! ,malk9 ,t[]1 f ! awful purposes to :i* x 0 devot$4 ,?is sup]/ition l$ to a c]emony call$ lat+1 or p]haps leet+ ! wit*es4 ,x 0 believ$ t1 if a light$ c&le 7 c>ri$ ab\t ! fells or hills f elev5 till twelve o'clock at night1 & burn$ all t "t /eadily1 x _h s f> triumph$ ov] ! evil p[] ( ! wit*es1 :o1 z !y pass$ to ! ,malk9 ,t[]1 w\ld employ _! utmo/ ef=ts to ext+ui% ! light1 & ! p]son :om x repres5t$ might safely defy _! malice dur+ ! season2 b if by accid5t ! light w5t out1 x 0 an om5 ( evil to ! luckless wight = :om ! exp]im5t 0 made4 ,x 0 also deem$ inauspici\s to cross ! ?re%old ( t p]son until aft] ! return f leet+1 & n !n unless ! c&le _h pres]v$ its light4--,see ,ye> ,book1 #ahch1 p4 #abgf4 ,,isle ,,( ,,man4 ,?is fe/ival1 call$ by ! isl&]s ,sau91 0 =m]ly obs]v$ 9 ! ,isle ( ,man by k9dl+ ( fires ) all ! accompany+ c]emonies1 to prev5t ! baneful influ5ce ( fairies & wit*es4 ,! isl& 0 p]ambulat$ at night by "y m5 :o /uck up at ! door ( e dwell+-h\se1 a rhyme 9 ,manks1 beg9n+3 8,noght oie h[ney hop-dy-naw1 ,?is is ,hollantide ,eve10 c4 ,on ,hollantide ,eve1 boys g r\nd ! t[n %\t+ out a doggrel1 ( :i* ! foll[+ is an extract3 8,?is is old ,hollantide night1 ,! moon %9es fair & bright2 ,i w5t to ! well ,& drank my fill2 ,on ! way com+ back ,i met a pole-cat2 ,! cat began to gr9 ,& ,i began to run2 ,:]e did y run to8 ,i ran to ,scotl&2 ,:at 7 !y do+ !re8 ,bak+ bannocks & roa/+ collops4 99 99 99 99 99 ,if y are go+ to give u any?+1 give u x soon1 ,or we'll be away by ! light ( ! moon60 ,= "s peculi> reason1 potatoes1 p>snips1 & fi%1 p\nd$ toge!r & mix$ ) butt]1 =m always ! ev5+ meal4--,tra91 ,hi/ory ( ! ,isle ( ,man1 #ahde1 vol4 ii4 p4 #abc4 ,,middlesex4 ,9 ! reign ( ,*>les ,i41 ! "y g5tlem5 ( ! ,middle ,temple 7 accu/om$ at ,all ,hall[ ,tide1 :i* !y consid]$ ! beg9n+ ( ,*ri/mas1 to associate !mselves = ! fe/ive objects connect$ ) ! season4 ,9 #afbi !y *ose ,bul/rode ,:itelocke z ,ma/] ( ! ,revels1 & us$ to meet e ev5+ at ,/4 ,dun/an's ,tav]n1 9 a l>ge new room1 call$ 8,! ,oracle ( ,apollo10 ea* man br++ fri5ds ) him at 8 own pleasure4 ,x 0 a k9d ( mock p>liam5t1 :]e v>i\s que/ions 7 discuss$ z 9 our mod]n debat+ societies1 b ^! temp]ate proce$+s 7 season$ ) mir?ful do+s1 to :i* ! "n ( revels 0 giv5 & ( :i* danc+ appe>s to h be5 ! *ief4 ,on ,all ,hall[s ,day1 8! ,ma/] 7,:itelocke1 !n f\r-&-tw5ty71 z soon z ! ev5+ 0 come1 ent]$ ! hall foll[$ by sixte5 revell]s4 ,!y 7 prop]1 h&some "y g5tlem51 habit$ 9 ri* suits1 %oes & /ock+s1 hats & great fea!rs4 ,! ma/] l$ !m 9 8 b> g[n1 ) a :ite /aff 9 8 h&1 ! music play+ be=e !m4 ,!y began ) ! old masques2 aft] :i* !y danc$ ! ,brawls1#hj & !n ! ma/] took 8 seat1 :ile ! revell]s flaunt$ ?r\gh galli>ds1 corantos1 ,fr5* & c\ntry dances1 till x grew v late4 ,z might be expect$1 ! reputation ( ?is danc+ soon br\ght a /ore ( o!r g5tlem5 & ladies1 "s ( :om 7 ( great quality1 & :5 ! ball 0 ov] ! fe/ive p>ty adj\rn$ to ,sir ,sydney ,montague's *amb]1 l5t = ! purpose to our "y presid5t4 ,at l5g? ! c\rt ladies & gr&ees 7 allur$1 to ! cont5tm5t ( 8 vanity x may h be51 b entail+ on him s]i\s exp5se1 & !n !re 0 great /riv+ = places to see !m on ! "p ( ! ,london citiz5s4 ,to cr[n ! ambition & vanity ( all1 a great ,g]man "l _h a desire to witness ! revels1 !n mak+ su* a s5sation at c\rt1 & ! ,templ>s ent]ta9$ him at great co/ to !mselves1 receiv+ 9 ex*ange t :i* co/ ! great noble v little--8 av[al t #8,d]e 0 no su* nople gollege 9 ,*ri/5dom z deirs4'0--,:itelocke's ,memoirs ( ,bul/rode ,:itelocke1 #ahfj1 p4 #ef2 quot$ 9 ,book ( ,days1 vol4 ii4 p4 #ech4 #hj ,errone\sly writt5 ,brantes 9 ! au?ority quot$4 ,,nott+ham%ire4 ,if a girl _h two lov]s1 & wi%$ to "k :i* w\ld be ! mo/ con/ant1 %e procur$ two br[n apple pipp9s1 & /ick+ "o on ea* *eek 7aft] hav+ nam$ !m f h] lov]s7 :ile %e repeat$ ?is c\plet3 8,pipp51 pipp51 ,i /ick !e !re1 ,t t is true ?\ may'/ decl>e10 pati5tly await$ until "o fell (f1 :5 ! un=tunate swa9 ^: "n x bore 0 in/antly disc>d$ z be+ unfai?ful4 ,x is to ?is cu/om t ,gay has ?us allud$3 8,see f ! core two k]nels n[ ,i take1 ,?is on my *eek = ,lubb]k9 is worn1 ,& ,booby ,clod on t'o!r side is borne2 ,b ,booby ,clod soon falls ^u ! gr\nd1 ,a c]ta9 tok5 t 8 love's uns\nd2 ,:ile ,lubb]k9 /icks firmly to ! la/2 ,oh6 7 8 lips to m9e b jo9$ s fa/40 ,j\r4 ( ,ar*4 ,assoc4 #ahec1 vol4 iii4 p4 #bhf4 ,,york%ire4 ,at ,ripon1 ! wom5 make a cake = e "o 9 ! family1 :5ce ?is eve is by !m call$ cake-night4--,g5t4 ,mag4 #agij1 vol4 lx4 p4 #gai4 ,,wales4 ,9 ,nor? ,wales !re is a cu/om ^u ,all ,sa9ts' ,eve ( mak+ a great fire call$ ,coel ,coe?1 :5 e family = ab\t an h\r 9 ! night1 makes a great bonfire 9 ! mo/ conspicu\s place ne> ! h\se1 & :5 ! fire is almo/ ext+ui%$ e "o ?r[s a :ite /one into ! a%es1 hav+ fir/ m>k$ x2 !n hav+ said _! pray]s turn+ r\nd ! fire1 !y g to b$4 ,9 ! morn+1 z soon z !y are up1 !y come & se>* out ! /ones1 & if any "o ( !m is f\nd want+ !y h a notion t ! p]son :o ?rew x 9 w die be=e he sees ano!r ,all ,sa9ts' ,eve4--,p5nant ,,ms41 quot$ by ,br&1 ,pop4 ,antiq4 #ahdi1 vol4 i4 p4 #chi4 ,9 ,ow5's ,acc\nt ( ! ,b>ds1 pres]v$ 9 ,sir ,r4 ,ho>e's ,it9]>y ( ,ar*bi%op ,baldw9 ?r\gh ,wales 7vol4 ii4 p4 #cae71 ! foll[+ p>ticul>s are giv5 9 connection ) ! above cu/om3--,! autumnal fire k9dl$ 9 ,nor? ,wales on ! eve ( ! #a/ ( ,novemb] is att5d$ by _m c]emonies1 su* z runn+ ?r\gh ! fire & smoke1 ea* ca/+ a /one into ! fire1 & all runn+ (f at ! conclusion1 to escape f ! black %ort-tail$ s[2 !n supp+ ^u p>snips1 nuts1 & apples2 cat*+ at an apple susp5d$ by a /r+1 ) ! m\? alone1 & ! same by an apple 9 a tub ( wat]2 ea* ?r[+ a nut into ! fire1 & ^? t burn bright betok5 prosp]ity to ! own]s ?r\gh ! foll[+ ye>1 b ^? t burn black & crackle1 d5ote mis=tune4 ,on ! foll[+ morn+ ! /ones are se>*$ = 9 ! fire1 & if any be miss+1 !y betide ill to ^? :o ?rew !m 94 ,,scotl&4 ,burns1 9 8 notes ^u ,hall[e51 gives ! foll[+ int]e/+ acc\nt ( ! sup]/iti\s cu/oms practis$ by ! ,scotti% peasantry3 #a4 ,! fir/ c]emony ( ,hall[e5 is pull+ ea* a /ock or plant ( kail4 ,!y mu/ g out h& 9 h&1 ) eyes %ut1 & pull ! fir/ !y meet )2 its be+ big or little1 /raight or crook$1 is prophetic ( ! size & %ape ( ! gr& object ( all _! spells--! husb& or wife4 ,if any yird1 or e>? /ick to ! root1 t is to*] or =tune2 & ! ta/e ( ! cu/oc1 t is ! he>t ( ! /em1 is indicative ( ! natural temp] & disposition4 ,la/ly1 ! /ems1 or--to give !m _! ord9>y appellation--! runts1 are plac$ some:]e above ! head ( ! door2 & ! ,*ri/ian names ( ! p1 :om *ance br+s into ! h\se are1 accord+ to ! priority ( plac+ ! runts1 ! names 9 "q4 #b4 ,!y g to ! b>n-y>d1 & pull ea*1 at ?ree sev]al times1 a /alk ( oats4 ,if ! ?ird /alk wants ! top-pickle1 ! p>ty 9 "q w come to ! m>riage-b$ any?+ b a maid4 #c4 ,burn+ ! nuts is a fam\s *>m1 !y "n ! lad & lass to ea* p>ticul> nut z !y lay !m 9 ! fire4 ,accord+ly1 z !y burn quietly toge!r or />t f beside "o ano!r1 ! c\rse & issue ( ! c\rt%ip w be4 #d4 ,/eal out all alone to ! kiln1 & d>kl+ ?r[ into ! pot a clue ( blue y>n1 w9d x 9 a new clue (f ! old "o2 & t[>ds ! latt] end1 some?+ w hold ! ?read2 dem&1 8,:o hauds80 i4e41 :o holds4 ,an answ] w be return$ f ! kiln-pot1 by nam+ ! ,*ri/ian & surname ( y\r future sp\se4 #e4 ,take a c&le & g alone to a look+-glass1 eat an apple be=e x1 &1 "s traditions say y %\ld comb y\r hair all ! "t1 ! face ( y\r conjugal companion to be w be se5 9 ! glass z if peep+ ov] y\r %\ld]4 #f4 ,/eal out unp]ceiv$ & s[ a h&ful ( hempse$1 h>r[+ x ) any?+ y c conv5i5tly draw aft] y4 ,repeat n[ & !n1 8,hempse$ ,i s[ !e2 hempse$1 ,i s[ !e2 & him 7or h]7 t is to be my true love come aft] me & p\ !e40 ,look ov] y\r left %\ld]1 & y w see ! appe>ance ( ! p]son invok$ 9 ! attitude ( pull+ hemp4 ,"s traditions say1 8,come aft] me1 & %[ !e10 t is %[ ?yself1 9 :i* case x simply appe>s4 ,o!rs omit ! h>r[+1 & say1 8,come aft] me & h>r[ !e40 #g4 ,to w9 ?ree we*ts o' nae?+4--,?is *>m mu/ likewise be p]=m$ unp]ceiv$ & alone1 y g to ! b>n1 & op5 bo? doors1 tak+ !m (f ! h+es if possible2 = !re is dang] t !y1 be+ ab\t to appe>1 may %ut ! doors & d y "s mis*ief4 ,!n take t in/rum5t us$ 9 w9n[+ ! corn1 :i* 9 our dialect is call$ a we*t2 & g ?r\gh all ! attitudes ( lett+ d[n corn aga9/ ! w9d4 ,repeat x ?ree times2 & ! ?ird "t an app>ition w pass ?r\gh ! b>n1 9 x at ! w9dy door & out at ! o!r1 hav+ bo? ! figure 9 "q1 & ! appe>ance or ret9ue m>k+ ! employm5t or /ation 9 life4 #h4 ,take an opportunity ( go+ unnotic$ to a bean /ack1 & fa?om x ?ree times r\nd4 ,! la/ fa?om ( ! la/ "t1 y w cat* 9 y\r arms ! appe>ance ( y\r future conjugal yoke-fell[4 #i4 ,y g out1 "o or m1 = ?is is a social spell1 to a s\? runn+ spr+ or rivulet1 :]e ?ree lairds' l&s meet1 & dip y\r left %irt sleeve4 ,g to b$ 9 sight ( a fire1 & hang y\r wet sleeve be=e x to dry4 ,lie awake1 & sometime ne> midnight an app>ition1 hav+ an exact figure ( ! gr& object 9 "q1 w come & turn ! sleeve z if to dry ! o!r side ( x4 #aj4 ,take ?ree di%es1 put clean wat] 9 "o1 f\l wat] 9 ano!r1 leave ! ?ird empty2 bl9dfold a p]son1 & lead him to ! he>? :]e ! di%es are rang$2 he 7or %e7 dips ! left h&2 if by *ance 9 ! clean wat]1 ! future husb& or wife w come to ! b> ( matrimony a maid2 if 9 ! f\l1 a wid[2 if 9 ! empty di%1 x =etells ) equal c]ta9ty no m>riage at all4 ,x is repeat$ ?ree times1 & e "t ! arrangem5t ( ! di%es is alt]$4 ,,ab]de5%ire4 ,! foll[+ extract is tak5 f ! ,gu>dian 7,novemb] #aa?1 #ahgd73--;,hall[e5 0 duly celebrat$ at ,balmoral ,ca/le4 ,prep>ations _h be5 made days be=eh&1 & f>m]s & o!rs = miles ar\nd 7 pres5t4 ,:5 d>kness set 9 ! celebration began1 & h] ,maje/y & ! ,pr9cess ,beatrice1 ea* be>+ a l>ge tor*1 drove out 9 an op5 phaeton4 ,a procession =m$ ( ! t5ants & s]vants on ! e/ates foll[$1 all c>ry+ huge tor*es light$4 ,!y walk$ ?r\gh ! gr\nds & r\nd ! ,ca/le1 & ! sc5e z ! procession mov$ onw>ds 0 v weird & /rik+4 ,:5 x _h arriv$ 9 front ( ! ,ca/le an imm5se bonfire1 compos$ ( old boxes1 pack+-cases1 & o!r mat]ials1 /or$ up dur+ ! ye> = ! occasion1 0 set fire to4 ,:5 ! flames 7 at _! brighte/ a figure dress$ z a hobgobl9 appe>$ on ! sc5e1 draw+ a c> surr\nd$ by a numb] ( fairies c>ry+ long spe>s1 ! c> conta9+ ! effigy ( a wit*4 ,a circle hav+ be5 =m$ by ! tor*-be>]s1 ! presid+ elf toss$ ! figure ( ! wit* into ! fire1 :]e x 0 spe$ily consum$4 ,?is cremation ov]1 reels 7 begun1 & 7 danc$ ) great vig\r to ! /irr+ /ra9s ( ,willie ,ross1 h] ,maje/y's pip]4 ,,banff%ire4 ,9 =m] times at ,hall[e51 ,*ri/mas1 & o!r holidays1 ! y\ng] "p ( ! community ( ,cull5 resort$ to ! s&s & l9ks ( ! bay = ! purpose ( play+ foot-ball1 runn+ foot-races1 c4 ,!y left ! t[n 9 procession1 prec$$ by a pip] & o!r music1 & 7 att5d$ by numb]s f ! adjac5t di/ricts4 ,! games 7 ke5ly conte/$1 & ! victor 0 cr[n$ by a bonnet adorn$ ) fea!rs & ribbons1 previ\sly prep>$ by ! ladies4 ,:5 ! games 7 ov]1 ! :ole p>ty _h a dance on ! gre51 ) t m]rim5t & glee to :i* ! etiquette & =mation ( ! ballroom at ! pres5t day are total /rang]s4 ,aft]w>ds1 ! procession 0 aga9 =m$1 & return$ to ! t[n1 ! victor prec$$ by ! music1 lead+ ! way4 ,a ball took place 9 ! ev5+1 at :i* he presid$1 &1 moreov]1 _h ! privilege ( we>+ 8 bonnet & fea!rs4--,/at4 ,acc4 ( ,scotl&1 #ahde1 vol4 xiii4 p4 #cha4 ,,moray%ire4 ,%aw1 9 8 ,hi/ory ( ! ,prov9ce ( ,moray 7p4 #bda71 consid]s ! fe/ivity ( ?is night z a k9d ( h>ve/-home rejoic+4 ,he says1 a solemnity 0 kept on ! eve ( ! #a/ ( ,novemb]1 z a ?anksgiv+ = ! safe +a!r+ ( ! produce ( ! fields4 ,,p]?%ire4 ,on ,all ,sa9ts' ,ev51 ! inhabitants ( ,call&]1 set up bonfires 9 e village4 ,:5 ! bonfire is consum$1 ! a%es are c>efully collect$ into ! =m ( a circle4 ,!re is a /one put 9 ne> ! circumf]5ce1 = e p]son ( ! sev]al families int]e/$ 9 ! bonfire2 & :atev] /one is remov$ out ( its place or injur$ be=e ! next morn+1 ! p]son repres5t$ by t /one is devot$1 or fey1 & is suppos$ n to live twelve mon?s f t day4--,s9clair1 ,/at4 ,acc4 ( ,scotl&1 #agic1 vol4 xi4 p4 #fba4 ,on ! ev5+ ( ! #ca/ ( ,octob] 7,old ,/yle71 ! inhabitants ( ,logi]ait practise ! foll[+ cu/om3--,hea?1 broom & dress+s ( flax are ti$ ^u a pole2 ?is faggot is !n k9dl$2 "o takes x ^u 8 %\ld]s1 &1 runn+1 be>s x r\nd ! village2 a cr[d att5d+ him4 ,:5 ! fir/ faggot is burnt out1 a second is b\nd to ! pole & k9dl$ 9 ! same mann] z be=e4 ,numb]s ( ^! blaz+ faggots are (t5 c>ri$ ab\t toge!r1 & :5 ! night happ5s to be d>k !y =m a spl5did illum9ation4--,s9clair1 ,/at4 ,acc4 ( ,scotl&1 #agic1 vol4 v4 p4 #hd4 ,,irel&4 ,at ?is season ! peasants assemble ) /icks & clubs1 & g f h\se to h\se collect+ money1 bread-cake1 butt]1 c41 = ! fea/1 repeat+ v]ses 9 hon\r ( ! solemnity1 & dem&+ ! inhabitants to lay aside ! fatt$ calf & to br+ =? ! black %eep4#ha ,! wom5 are employ$ 9 mak+ ! griddle cake & c&les2 ^! la/ are s5t f h\se to h\se 9 ! vic9ity1 & are light$ up on ! next day be=e :i* !y pray1 or are suppos$ to pray1 = ! dep>t$ s\l ( ! donor4 ,hempse$ is s[n by ! maid5s1 & !y believe t1 if !y look back1 !y w see ! app>ition ( ! man int5d$ = _! future husb&s2 !y hang a smock be=e ! fire on ! close ( ! fea/1 & sit up all night conceal$ 9 a corn] ( ! room1 conv9c$ t 8 app>ition w come d[n ! *imney & turn ! smock4 ,!y also ?r[ a ball ( y>n out ( ! w9d[1 & w9d x up on a reel )91 ?9k+ t1 if !y repeat ! ,pat]no/] backw>ds & look at ! ball ( y>n )\t1 !y w see 8 app>ition4 ,!y1 moreov]1 dip = apples 9 a tub ( wat]1 & endeav\r to br+ "o up 9 ! m\?2 !y susp5d a cord ) a cross /ick1 ) apples at "o po9t & c&les light$ at ! o!r1 & endeav\r to cat* ! apple1 :ile x is 9 circul> motion1 9 ! m\?4 ,^! & _m o!r sup]/iti\s cu/oms are obs]v$4--,valiancy1 ,collectanea de ,rebus ,hib]nicis1 #aghf1 vol4 iii4 p4 #dei4 #ha ,?is 0 prep>atory to ! sacrifice ( ! black %eep on ! foll[+ day to ,saman--,see ,soane's ,new ,curiosities ( ,lit]ature1 #ahdg1 p4 #bai4 ,on ,hall[e51 wom5 take ! yolk f eggs boil$ h>d1 fill ! eggs ) salt1 & eat egg1 %ell & salt4 ,!y are c>eful n to qu5* _! ?ir/ till morn+4--,n4 ,q4 #d?4 ,s4 vol4 iv4 p4 #eje4 ,,nov4 ,,d]by%ire4 ,at ,duffield1 a curi\s remnant ( ! "r ( hunt+ wild animals is /ill obs]v$--?is is call$ ! 8squirrel hunt40 ,! "y m5 ( ! village assemble toge!r on ! ,wakes ,monday1 ea* provid$ ) a horn1 a pan1 or some?+ capable ( mak+ a noise1 & proce$ to ,k$dle/on ,p>k1 :]e1 ) %\t+ & ! discordant noise ( ! in/rum5ts1 !y fright5 ! poor little squirrels1 until !y drop f ! trees4 ,sev]al hav+ be5 ?us captur$ ! hunt]s return to ,duffield1 & hav+ releas$ ! squirrels among/ "s trees1 recomm5ce ! hunt4--,j\r4 ( ! ,ar*4 ,assoc4 #aheb1 vol4 vii4 p4 #bjh4 ,at ,duffield1 ! "r ( collect+ wood 9 ! =e/ is also s+ul>ly obs]v$4 ,! "y m5 9 consid]able numb]s collect toge!r1 & hav+ tak5 possession ( any c>t !y c f9d1 yoke !mselves to x1 & prec$$ by horns1 remove any trees or o!r wood f ! v>i\s lanes & h$ge-r[s2 ?is is done almo/ nightly1 betwe5 ,septemb] & ! ,wakes1 9 ! fir/ week 9 ,novemb]1 :5 a bonfire is made ( ! wood collect$ on ! ,wakes ,monday4--,ibid4 p4 #bjh4 ,,nov4 #a4 ,,all ,,sa9ts' ,,day4 ,?is fe/ival takes its orig9 f ! conv]sion1 9 ! sev5? c5tury1 ( ! ,pan!on at ,rome into a ,*ri/ian place ( wor%ip1 & its d$ication by ,pope ,boniface ,,iv4 to ! ,virg9 & all ! ,m>tyrs4 ,! anniv]s>y ( ?is ev5t 0 at fir/ celebrat$ on ! #a/ ( ,may1 b ! day 0 subsequ5tly alt]$ to ! #a/ ( ,novemb]1 :i* 0 !nce=?1 "u ! designation ( ! fea/ ( ,all ,sa9ts1 set ap>t z a g5]al commemoration 9 _! hon\r4 ,! fe/ival has be5 reta9$ by ! ,anglican ,*ur*--,book ( ,days1 vol4 ii4 p4 #ebi2 ,see ,soane's ,book ( ! ,mon?s1 #ahdi1 vol4 ii4 p4 #bce4 ,a writ] 9 ! ,g5t4 ,mag4 #aghc 7vol4 liii4 p4 #egh71 ?9ks ! cu/om prevail+ among ! ,roman ,ca?olics ( light+ fires ^u ! hills on ,all ,sa9ts' night1 ! ,eve ( ,all ,s\ls1 sc>cely ne$s expla9+1 fire be+1 ev5 among ! ,pagans1 an emblem ( immortality1 & well calculat$ to typify ! asc5t ( ! s\l to heav54 ,a correspond5t ( ! same p]iodical 7#aghh1 vol4 lviii4 p4 #fjb7 alludes to a cu/om obs]v$ 9 "s p>ts ( ! k+dom among ! ,papi/s1 ( illum9at+ "s ( _! gr\nds ^u ! eve ( ,all ,s\ls1 by be>+ r\nd !m /raw1 or o!r fit mat]ials1 k9dl$ into a blaze4 ,?is c]emony is call$ a ,t9ley1 said to repres5t an emblematical light+ ( s\ls out ( purgatory4 ,,*e%ire4 ,on ,all ,s\ls' ,eve1 bo? *ildr5 & gr[n-up p g f door to door1 a-s\l+1 i4e41 begg+ = s\l cakes1 or any?+ else !y c get4 ,9 "s di/ricts !y p]=m a k9d ( play z well1 b 9 all in/ances ! foll[+1 or a simil> song1 is sung3-- 8,y g5tlem5 ( ,engl&1 pray y n[ draw ne> ,to ^! few l9es1 & y soon %all he> ,sweet melody ( music all on ?is ev5+ cle>1 ,= we are come a-s\l+ = apples & /rong be]4 ,/ep d[n into y\r cell>1 & see :at y c f9d1 ,if y\r b>rels are n empty1 we hope y w prove k9d2 ,we hope y w prove k9d ) y\r apples & /rong be]1 ,we'll come no m a-s\l+ until ano!r ye>4 ,cold w9t] x is com+ on1 d>k1 dirty1 wet & cold1 ,to try y\r good nature1 ?is night we d make bold2 ,?is night we d make bold ) y\r apples & /rong be]1 ,& we'll come no m a-s\l+ until ano!r ye>4 ,all ! h\ses t we've be5 at1 we've _h bo? meat & dr9k1 ,s n[ we're dry ) travell+1 we hope y'll on u ?9k2 ,we hope y'll on u ?9k ) y\r apples & /rong be]1 ,= we'll come no m a-s\l+ until ano!r ye>4 ,god bless ! ma/] ( ?is h\se1 & ! mi/ress also4 ,& all ! little *ildr5 t r\nd ! table g2 ,likewise y\r m5 & maid5s1 y\r cattle & y\r /ore1 ,& all t lies )9 y\r gates we wi% y t5 times m2 ,we wi% y t5 times m ) y\r apples & /rong be]1 ,& we'll come no m a-s\l+ until ano!r ye>40 ,j\r4 ( ! ,ar*4 ,assoc4 #ahej1 vol4 v4 p4 #beb4 ,9 ! p>i% ( ,lymm x is cu/om>y1 = a week or t5 days be=e ! #e? ( ,novemb]1 = ! skeleton ( a horse's head1 dress$ up ) ribbons1 c41 hav+ glass eyes ins]t$ 9 ! sockets1 & m\nt$ on a %ort pole by way ( h&le1 to be c>ri$ by a man und]nea? cov]$ ) a horse-clo?4 ,!re is g5]ally a *a9 atta*$ to ! nose1 :i* is held by a second man1 & !y are att5d$ by sev]al o!rs4 ,9 h\ses to :i* !y c ga9 access1 !y g ?\gh "s k9d ( p]=mance1 ! man ) ! *a9 tell+ ! horse to re>1 op5 its m\?1 c4 ,! object ( c\rse is to obta9 money4 ,! horse w sometimes seize p]sons1 & hold !m fa/ till !y pay = be+ set free2 b he is g5]ally v peaceable1 =1 9 case ( resi/ance be+ (f]$1 8 companions g5]ally take to flight & leave ! poor horse to fight x out4--,n4 ,q4 #a/4 ,s4 vol4 i4 p4 #beh4 ,,lanca%ire4 ,at ,great ,m>ton1 !re 0 =m]ly a sort ( procession ( "y p f h\se to h\se1 at ea* ( :i* !y recit$ psalms1 &1 9 return1 receiv$ pres5ts ( cakes1 :5ce ! cu/om 0 call$ ,psalm-cak+4--,m$4 vi ,kal5d4 #ahda1 vol4 i4 p4 #cge4 ,,middlesex4 ,at a p5sion held at ,gray's ,inn 9 ,mi*aelmas ,t]m1 #ba ,h5ry ,,viii41 !re 0 an ord] made t all ! fell[s ( ?is h\se :o %\ld be pres5t ^u any ,saturday at supp]1 betwixt ! fea/s ( ,all ,sa9ts & ! ,purification ( our ,lady1 or ^u any o!r day at d9n] or supp]1 :5 !re are revels1 %\ld n dep>t out ( ! hall until ! said revels 7 end$1 ^u ! p5alty ( #ab;d4 ,9 #d ,edw>d ,,vi4 7#ag ,nov471 x 0 also ord]$1 t !nce=? !re %\ld be no com$ies1 call$ int]ludes1 9 ! h\se out ( t]m "t1 b :5 ! fea/ ( ! ,nativity ( our ,"l is solemnly obs]v$1 & t :5 !re %all be any su* com$ies1 !n all ! society at t "t 9 common to be> ! *>ge ( ! app>el4 ,9 #d ,*>les ,i4 7#ag ,nov471 x 0 also ord]$ t all play+ ( dice1 c>ds1 or o!rwise1 9 ! hall1 butt]y1 or butl]'s *amb]1 %\ld be !nce=? =bidd5 at all times ( ! ye>1 ! tw5ty days ( ,*ri/mas only except$4--,h]b]t1 ,antiquities ( ! ,inns ( ,c\rt1 #ahjd1 p4 #ccf4 ,,monm\?%ire4 ,9 ?is c\nty1 says ,hone1 ,ye> ,book 7p4 #abhh71 a cu/om prevails among ! l[] classes ( begg+ bread = ! s\ls ( ! dep>t$ on ,all ,sa9ts' ,day2 ! bread ?us di/ribut$ is call$ dole bread4 ,,%rop%ire4 ,x is cu/om>y1 says a correspond5t ( ,n4 ,q4 7#a/ ,s4 vol4 iv4 p4 #cha7 = ! village *ildr5 to g r\nd to all _! neighb\rs ,s\l+1 collect+ contributions1 & s++ ! foll[+ doggrel3-- 8,s\l6 s\l6 = a s\l-cake2 ,pray1 good mi/ress1 = a s\l-cake4 ,"o = ,pet]1 & two = ,paul1 ,?ree = !m :o made u all4 ,s\l6 s\l6 = an apple or two2 ,if y've got no apples1 pe>s w d4 ,up ) y\r kettle1 & d[n ) y\r pan1 ,give me a good big "o1 & ,i'll be gone4 ,s\l6 s\l6 = a s\l-cake1 c4 ,an apple or pe>1 a plum or a *]ry1 ,is a v good ?+ to make u m]ry4 ,s\l6 s\l6 c40 ,! s\l-cake ref]r$ to is a sort ( bun1 :i* at "o "t x 0 an almo/ g5]al cu/om = p]sons to make1 to give to "o ano!r on ?is day4 ,,/af=d%ire4 ,tollett1 9 8 ,v>iorum ,%akspe>e 7,! ,two ,g5tlem5 ( ,v]ona1 ii4 #b1 note7 says1 ,on ,all ,sa9ts' ,day ! poor p 9 ,/af=d%ire1 & p]haps 9 o!r c\ntry places1 g f p>i% to p>i% a-s\l+1 z !y call x1 i4e4 begg+ & pul+ 7or s++ small1 z ,bailey's ,diction>y expla9s pul+7 = s\l-cakes1 or any good ?+ to make !m m]ry40 ,br&1 ,pop4 ,antiq4 7#ahdi1 vol4 i4 p4 #cic71 gives ! foll[+ l9es z sung on ! occasion3 8,s\l1 s\l1 = a s\l-cake1 ,pray y1 good mi/ress1 a s\l-cake40 ,,we/]n ,,isles ,,( ,,scotl&4 ,9 ,/4 ,kilda1 ! inhabitants us$ to make a l>ge cake 9 ! =m ( a triangle furr[$ r\nd1 all ( :i* 0 eat5 ! same night4--,m>t9's ,we/]n ,isles ( ,scotl&1 #agaf1 p4 #bhg4 ,f ! same au?ority we le>n t ! inhabitants ( ,lewis _h an anci5t cu/om ( sacrific+ to ! sea-god call$ ,%ony4 ,! inhabitants r\nd ! isl& came to ! *ur* ( ,/4 ,mulvay1 ea* man hav+ 8 provisions ) him4 ,e family furni%$ a peck ( malt1 :i* 0 brew$ into ale4 ,"o ( _! numb] 0 pick$ out to wade into ! sea up to ! middle1 & c>ry+ a cup ( ale 9 8 h&1 he cri$ out ) a l\d voice1 say+1 8,%ony1 ,i give y ?is cup ( ale1 hop+ t y'll be s k9d z to s5d u pl5ty ( sea-w>e1 = enri*+ our gr\nd ! ensu+ ye>20 & s ?rew ! cup ( ale into ! sea--?is 0 p]=m$ 9 ! night "t4 ,at 8 return to l&1 !y all w5t to *ur*1 :]e !re 0 a c&le burn+ ^u ! alt>2 & !n /&+ sil5t = a little "t "o ( !m gave a signal1 at :i* ! c&le 0 put out1 & imm$iately all ( !m w5t to ! fields1 :]e ! re/ ( ! night 0 sp5t 9 m]rim5t4 ,,irel&4 ,a correspond5t ( ,n4 ,q4 7#crd ,s4 vol4 i4 p4 #ddf7 m5tions a cu/om at ,wex=d1#hb ( light+ c&les 7m or less7 9 e w9d[ 9 ! h\se1 on ! night ( ! vigil ( ,all ,s\ls1 & :5 travell+ along a c\ntry road :]e f>mh\ses & cottages are num]\s1 ! effect is q picturesque on a d>k ,novemb] eve4 #hb ,?is cu/om ext5ds ov] ! :ole ( ,irel&1 & is common 9 "s p>ts ( ! ,cont95t4 ,,nov4 #b4 ,,all ,,s\ls' ,,day4 ,all ,s\ls' ,day is set ap>t by ! ,roman ,ca?olic ,*ur* = a solemn s]vice = ! repose ( ! dead4 ,9 ?is c\ntry ! day 0 =m]ly obs]v$ by r++ ( ! pass+ bell1 mak+ s\l-cakes1 bless+ beans1 & o!r cu/oms4 ,v>i\s t5ures 7 held by s]vices to be p]=m$ on ?is day4 ,! nut & apple om5s ( ,hall[ ,ev5 7 cont9u$ on ?is day4 ,s\l-mass cakes 7 giv5 to ! poor2 & at ,hall[asse frank9c5se 0 newly provid$4--,timbs1 ,some?+ = ,ev]ybody1 #ahfa1 p4 #aae4 ,,*e%ire4 ,f ,all ,s\ls' ,day to ,*ri/mas ,day1 ,old ,hob is c>ri$ ab\t2 ?is consi/s ( a horse's head envelop$ 9 a %eet1 tak5 f door to door1 accompani$ by ! s++ ( dogg]el-begg+ rhymes4--,j\r4 ( ,ar*4 ,assoc4 #ahej1 vol4 v4 p4 #bec4 ,,d]by%ire4 ,=m]ly1 at ! village ( ,f9d]n1 ! boys & girls us$ to g e ye> 9 ! ev5+ ( ,all ,s\ls' ,day to ! adjo9+ common1 & light up a numb] ( small fires among ! furze gr[+ !re1 :i* !y call$ ,t9dles4--,g5t4 ,mag4 #aghd1 vol4 iv4 p4 #hcf4 ,,h]e=d%ire4 ,9 ?is c\nty & also 9 ,lanca%ire x 0 9 days gone by usual = ! weal?y to disp5se oat5 cakes1 call$ s\l-mass cakes1 to ! poor1 :o ^u receiv+ !m repeat$ ! foll[+ c\plet 9 ackn[l$gm5t3 8,god h y\r s\l ,be5s & all40 ,see ,br&1 ,pop4 ,antiq4 #ahdi1 vol4 i4 p4 #cib4 ,,%rop%ire4 ,9 ?is c\nty ! inhabitants set on a bo>d a high heap ( small cakes1 call$ s\l-cakes1 ( :i* !y (f] "o to e p]son :o comes to ! h\se on ?is day1 & !re is an old rhyme1 :i* seems to h be5 sung by ! family & gue/s3 8,a s\l-cake1 a s\l-cake2 ,h m]cy on all ,*ri/ian s\ls = a s\l-cake40 ,k5nett's ,collections1 ,,ms4 ,bibl4 ,lansd[n1 ,no4 #ajci1 vol4 #aje1 p4 #ab4 ,! same cu/om is m5tion$1 & ) v little v>iation1 by ,aubrey 9 ! ,rema9s ( ,g5tilisme2 see ,n4 ,q4 #d? ,s4 vol4 x4 pp4 #dji1 #ebe4 ,,wales4 ,! p ( ,nor? ,wales h a cu/om ( di/ribut+ s\l-cakes on ,all ,s\ls' ,day1 at ! receiv+ ( :i* ! poor p pray to ,god to bless ! next crop ( :eat4--,p5nant4 ,,scotl&4 ,9 ! c\nty ( ,ab]de5 on ,all ,s\ls' ,day1 bak$ cakes ( a p>ticul> sort are giv5 away to ^? :o may *ance to visit ! h\se :]e !y are made4 ,! cakes are call$ 8dirge-loaf40--,n4 ,q4 #crd ,s4 vol4 ii4 p4 #dhc4 ,,nov4 #e4 ,,gunp[d] ,,plot4 ,! #e? ( ,novemb] is n obs]v$ by ! populace ) ne>ly s mu* fe/ive div]sion z 9 =m] times4 ,orig9ally1 ! burn+ ( ,guy ,fawkes 9 effigy 0 a c]emony mu* 9 vogue1 especially among ! l[] classes1 b x is n[ conf9$ *iefly to s*ool-boys1 & ev5 ) !m x is n s popul> z 9 days gone by4 ,=m]ly1 ! burn+ ( 8a good guy0 0 a sc5e ( upro> p]haps unkn[n to ! pres5t day4 ,! bonfire1 = example1 9 ,l9coln's ,inn ,fields 0 conduct$ on a v gr& scale4 ,x 0 made at ! ,great ,que5 ,/reet corn]1 imm$iately opposite ,newca/le ,h\se4 ,fuel came all day long 9 c>ts prop]ly gu>d$ aga9/ surprise4 ,old p h recollect$ :5 upw>ds ( two hundr$ c>t-loads 7 br\ght to make & fe$ ?is bonfire1 & m ?an ?irty 8guys0 7 burnt ^u gibbets betwe5 eight & twelve o'clock at night4#hc #hc ,! foll[+ extract is f ! ,ev5+ ,/&>d 7,febru>y #e?1 #ahge73--8,?is morn+ at t5 o'clock ! ,yeom5 ( ! ,gu>d 7,beefeat]s7 made _! usual se>* be=e ! meet+ ( ,p>liam5t = any b>rels ( gunp[d] t might be /[$ away 9 ! vaults "u ! ,h\ses ( ,p>liam5t40 ,! but*]s ( ,cl>e ,m>ket1 also1 7 accu/om$ to celebrate ?is anniv]s>y 9 a some:at peculi> /yle2 "o ( _! body1 p]sonat+ ,guy ,fawkes1 be+ seat$ 9 a c>t1 ) a pray]-book 9 8 h&1 & a prie/1 execution]1 c41 att5d+1 0 drawn ?r\gh ! /reets1 z if go+ to ! place ( execution2 :ile a select p>ty1 ) m>r[-bones & cleav]s1 l$ ! way1 & o!rs solicit$ money f ! inhabitants & spectators4 ,! sums ?us obta9$ 7 sp5t at night 9 jollity & c>\s+4--,sports1 ,pa/imes1 & ,cu/oms ( ,london1 #ahdg1 p4 #ci4 ,! foll[+ "t-hon\r$ rhyme is /ill sung1 & v>ies 9 diff]5t p>ts ( ! c\ntry3 8,pray rememb] ,! ,fif? ( ,novemb]1 ,gunp[d] treason & plot2 ,= ,i "k no reason ,:y ,gunp[d] treason ,%\ld ev] be =got4 ,hollo boys6 ,hollo boys6 ,hurrah40 ,9 ,poor ,rob9's ,almanack = ! ye> #afgg is ! foll[+3 8,n[ boys ) ,squibs & crack]s play1 ,& bonfire's blaze ,turns night to-day40 ,9 "s p>ts ( ! nor? ( ,engl& ! foll[+ song is sung3 8,happy 0 ! man1 ,& happy 0 ! day1 ,t caught ,guy ,go+ to 8 play1 ,) a d>k lan?orn ,& a brim/one mat* ,ready = ! prime to t\*4 ,z ,i 0 go+ ?r\gh ! d>k entry ,i spi$ ! devil4 ,/& back6 ,/& back6 ,que5 ,m>y's daught]4 ,put y\r h& 9 y\r pocket1 ,& give u "s money ,to k9dle our bonfire4 ,hurrah40 ,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq4 #ahdi1 vol4 i4 p4 #cih4 ,,d]by%ire4 ,! rhyme =m]ly sung 9 _m p>ts ( ?is c\nty is z bel[3 8,rememb]1 rememb]1 ,?' fif? o' ,novemb]1 ,?' gunp[d] plot1 ,%all ne'er be =got6 ,pray gi's a bit o' coal1 ,t] /ick 9 ?' bun-fire hole6 ,a /ick an' a /ake1 ,= ,k+ ,george's sake-- ,a /[p an' a reel1 ,or else wey'll /eal40 ,long ,ago1 #ahgc1 vol4 i4 p4 #cch4 ,,l9coln%ire4 ,9 ?is c\nty ! foll[+ qua9t rhyme 0 sung on ! anniv]s>y ( ! ,gunp[d] ,plot3 8,rememb]1 rememb] ,! fif? o' ,novemb]6 ,guy & 8 companions' plot3 ,we're go+ to bl[ ! ,p>liam5t up6 ,by ,god's m]cy we wase cat*t1 ,) a d>k lant]n an' light$ mat*t60 ,long ,ago1 #ahgc1 vol4 i4 p4 #cch4 ,,middlesex4 ,x is /at$ 9 ! regi/] at ,h>l+ton1 "u ! date ( #afhc1 t half an acre ( l& 0 giv5 by "s p]son1 ^: "n has be5 =gott51 = ! b5efit ( ! bell-r+]s ( ! p>i%1 to provide !m ) a leg ( pork = r++ on ! #e? ( ,novemb]4 ,x is call$ ! ,pork ,acre4 ,! gr\nd is let by ! p>i% (fic]s at #ejs4 a ye>1 :i* is paid by !m to ! bell-r+]4--,edw>ds1 ,old ,engli% ,cu/oms & ,*>ities1 #ahdb1 p4 #bg4 ,,nor?ampton%ire4 ,! foll[+ is ! rhyme =m]ly sung 9 ?is c\nty3 8,gunp[d] treason6 ,gunp[d] treason6 ,gunp[d] treason plot6 ,i "k no reason ,:y gunp[d] treason ,%\ld ev] be =got4 ,guy ,fox & 8 companions ,did ! s*eme contrive1 ,to bl[ ! ,k+ & ,p>liam5t ,all up alive4 ,b1 by ,god's provid5ce1 him !y cat*1 ,) a d>k lant]n1 light+ a mat*6 ,hollo1 boys6 hollo1 boys6 make ! bells r+6 ,hollo1 boys6 hollo1 boys6 ,god save ! k+6 ,hurrah40 ,long ,ago1 #ahgc1 vol4 i4 p4 #cch4 ,,nott+ham%ire4 ,at ,clifton ! foll[+ rhyme is sung3 8,please to rememb] ,! fif? ( ,novemb]4 ,old ,guy ,faux ,& gunp[d] plot ,%all nev] be =got1 ,:ile ,nott+ham ca/le ,/&s ^u a rock60 ,long ,ago1 #ahgc1 vol4 i4 p4 #cch4 ,,ox=d%ire4 8,! fif? ( ,novemb]1 ,s9ce ,i c rememb]1 ,gunp[d] treason & plot2 ,?is 0 ! day ! plot 0 contriv'd1 ,to bl[ up ! ,k+ & ,p>liam5t alive2 ,b ,god's m]cy did prev5t ,to save our ,k+ & 8 ,p>liam5t4 ,a /ick & a /ake ,= ,k+ ,james's sake6 ,if y won't give me "o1 ,i'll take two1 ,! bett] = me1 ,& ! worse = y40 ,?is is ! ,ox=d%ire song *ant$ by ! boys :5 collect+ /icks = ! bonfire1 & x is consid]$ q lawful to appropriate any old wood !y c lay _! h&s on aft] ! recitation ( ^! l9es4 ,if x happ5 t a cru/y *uff prev5ts !m1 ! ?reat5+ f9ale is too (t5 fulfill$4 ,! op]ation is call$ go+ a-progg+4 ,9 "s places !y %\t1 previ\sly to ! burn+ ( ! effigy ( ,guy ,fawkes1 8,a p5n'or? ( bread to fe$ ! ,pope1 ,a p5n'or? ( *eese to *oke him2 ,a p9t ( be] to wa% x d[n1 ,& a good old faggot to burn him40 ,halliwell's ,pop4 ,rhymes1 #ahdi1 pp4 #bec1 #eed4 ,=m]ly1 x 0 ! cu/om = ! und]graduates ( ,pembroke ,college1 ,ox=d1 to make v]ses on ! #e? ( ,novemb]1 & to h two copies ( !m1 "o to pres5t to ! ma/]1 ! o!r to /ick up 9 ! ,hall1 & !re to rema9 till a spee* on ?is occasion 0 spok5 be=e supp]4--,po9t]1 ,oxoni5sis ,academia1 #agdi1 p4 #aji4 ,,sussex4 ,at ,lewes on ! #e? ( ,novemb] 9 ea* ye>1 a great tor*light procession1 compos$ ( m5 dress$ up 9 fanta/ic g>bs1 & ) black5$ faces1 & dragg+ blaz+ t> b>rels aft] !m1 p>ade ! high /reet1 :ile an enorm\s bonfire is light$1 into :i*1 :5 at its highe/1 v>i\s effigies are ca/4 ,! day's fe/ivities n unfrequ5tly t]m9ate 9 a g5]al upro> & sc5e ( confusion4 ,see ,lewes ,times1 ,novemb] #ac?1 #ahef4 ,,we/morel&4 ,! foll[+ dogg]el is sung 9 ?is c\nty3 8,i pray y rememb] ! fif? ( ,novemb]1 ,gunp[d] treason & plot2 ,! k+ & 8 tra9 _h l to be sla9-- ,i hope ?is day'll ne'er be =got4 ,all ! boys1 all ! boys1 let ! bells r+6 ,all ! boys1 all ! boys1 ,god save ! k+6 ,a /ick & a /ake = ,k+ ,jamie's sake1-- ,i hope y'll rememb] ! bonfire60 ,n4 ,q4 #d? ,s4 vol4 vii4 p4 #cb4 ,,wilt%ire4 ,at ,m>lbor\gh ! ru/ics h ! foll[+ peculi> cu/om at _! bonfires4 ,!y =m !mselves into a r+ ( "s doz5 or m r\nd ! bonfire1 & foll[ ea* o!r r\nd x1 hold+ ?ick club-/icks ov] _! %\ld]s2 :ile a few o!rs1 /&+ at di/ances outside ?is mov+ r+ ) ! same sort ( /icks1 beat ^? :i* ! m5 hold ov] _! %\ld]s1 z !y pass r\nd 9 succession1 all %\t+ & scream+ l\dly4 ,?is might la/ half an h\r at a "t1 & be cont9u$ at int]vals till ! fire di$ out4--,n4 ,q4 #a/4 ,s4 vol4 v4 p4 #cee4 ,at ,purton ! boys1 = sev]al weeks be=e ! #e? ( ,novemb]1 us$ to g f h\se to h\se begg+ faggots = ! bonfire1 9 ! middle ( :i* 0 burnt ! effigy ( ,guy ,fawkes4 ,! foll[+ rhyme 0 sung on ! occasion3 8,my brave lads rememb] ,! fif? ( ,novemb]1 ,gunp[d] treason & plot2 ,we w dr9k1 smoke1 & s+1 boys1 ,& our bells !y %all r+1 boys1 ,& "h's heal? to our ,k+1 boys1 ,= he %all n be =got40 ,see ,e ,day ,book1 #ahbg1 vol4 ii4 p4 #acgi4 ,,york%ire4 ,a v old cu/om prevails 9 ! ,we/ ,rid+ ( ,york%ire1 ( prep>+1 aga9/ ! anniv]s>y ( ,gunp[d] ,plot1 a k9d ( oatmeal g+]bread1 if x may be s call$1 & ( religi\sly p>tak+ ( ! same on ?is day & subsequ5tly4 ,! local "n ( ! delicacy is ,p>k9 & x is usually se5 9 ! =m ( massive loaves1 sub/antial cakes1 or bannocks4--,n4 ,q4 #bnd ,s4 vol4 iv4 p4 #cfh4 ,bl\nt1 9 8 ,fragm5ta ,antiquitatis 7,beck)1 #ahae1 p4 #efe71 gives ! foll[+ acc\nt ( a cu/om obs]v$ at ,donca/]4 ,he says at ?is place on ! #e? ,novemb]1 ye>ly1 :e!r x happ5s on a ,sunday1 or any o!r day 9 ! week1 ! t[n waits play = "s "t on ! top ( ! *ur* /eeple1 at ! "t :5 ! congregation are com+ out ( ! *ur* f morn+ s]vice1 ! tune ( 8,god ,save ! ,k+40 ,?is has be5 done = f\r-score ye>s at lea/1 & v possibly ev] s9ce ! #e? ( ,novemb] has be5 a fe/ival1 except t =m]ly ! tune play$ 0 8,britons1 /rike home40 ,! waits always receive f ! *ur*w>d5s sixp5ce a-piece = ?is s]vice4 ,,nov4 #f4 ,,/4 ,,leon>d',s ,,day4 ,,essex4 ,e t5ant ( ! ,manor ( ,writtell1 ^u ,/4 ,leon>d's ,day1 pays to ! "l = ev]y?+ "u a ye> old a halfp5ny1 = e ye>l+ pig a p5ny1 & = e hog above a ye> old twop5ce1 = ! privilege ( pawnage 9 ! "l's woods3 & ?is paym5t is call$ ,avage or ,avisage4--,bl\nt's ,law ,diction>y1 #agag4 ,,worce/]%ire4 ,a li/ ( holy days publi%$ at ,worce/]1 9 #abdj1 orda9s ,/4 ,leon>d's fe/ival to be kept a half holy day1 enjo9s ! he>+ ( mass1 & prohibits all lab\r except t ( ! pl\gh4--,e ,day ,book1 vol4 ii4 p4 #achb4 ,,nov #i4 ,,"l ,,mayor',s ,,day4 ,! (fice ( ,*ief ,magi/rate ( ,london 0 held = life till ab\t #abad1 nor 0 x until m ?an a hundr$ ye>s aft]w>ds t ! title ( ,"l 0 giv5 to ! ,mayor4 ,?is arose 9 ! "t ( ,ri*>d ,,ii41 on occasion ( ,walwor?1 ! ,mayor ( ! day1 basely murd]+ ,wat ,tyl] 9 ,smi?field4 ,t :i* 9 lat] days has be5 call$ ! ,"l ,mayor's ,%[ 0 b a deg5]ate copy ( ! old ,pageant or ,triumph1 :i* assum$ a v>iety ( =ms at diff]5t times1 bl5d+ ,paganism1 ,*ri/ianity1 & *ivalry 9 m>vell\s confusion4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 0 n always ! case1 = at "o "t x became ! fa%ion = ! city to employ dramati/s ( note ^u ^! matt]s2 & !re are yet extant c]ta9 pageants by ,deck]1 ,middleton1 ,web/]1 & o!rs1 ?\gh p]haps inf]ior writ]s4--,soane's ,curiosities ( ,lit]ature4 ,) ! processions1 c41 ( late ye>s1 mo/ read]s are suffici5tly well acqua9t$ f ! newspap]s ( ! day4 ,fully to describe ^? ( =m] ages w\ld require1 h[ev]1 a volume ( no mean size2 b "s idea ( _! g5]al "* may be =m$ f ! foll[+ brief sket*3--,! fir/ acc\nt ( ?is annual exhibition kn[n to h be5 publi%$1 0 writt5 by ,george ,peele = ! inauguration ( ,sir ,wol/one ,dixie1 ,knight1 on ! #bi? ( ,octob] 7,old ,/yle71 #aehe4 ,on t occasion1 z 0 cu/om>y to ! times1 !re 7 dramatic repres5tations 9 ! procession ( an allegorical "*4 ,*ildr5 7 dress$ to p]sonify ! city1 magnanimity1 loyalty1 sci5ce1 ! c\ntry1 & ! riv] ,?ames4 ,!y also repres5t$ sailors1 soldi]s1 & nymphs1 ) appropriate spee*es4 ,! %[ op5$ ) a ,moor m\nt$ on a lynx4 ,on ,sir ,?omas ,middleton's mayoralty1 9 #afac1 ! solemnity is describ$ z unp>allel$ = ! co/1 art1 & magnific5ce ( ! %[s1 pageants1 *>iots1 morn+1 noon1 & night triumphs4 ,9 #afee ! city pageants1 aft] a discont9uance ( ab\t f\rte5 ye>s1 7 reviv$4 ,edmund ,gayton1 ! au?or ( ! description = t ye>1 says t 8our metropolis1 = ^! planet>y pageants1 0 z fam\s & r5[n$ 9 =eign nations z = _! fai?1 weal?1 & val\r40 ,9 ! %[ ( #afei1 an ,european1 an ,egyptian1 & a ,p]sian 7 p]sonat$4 ,on ,"l ,mayor's ,day1 #afga1 ! ,k+1 ,que51 & ,duke ( ,york1 & mo/ ( ! nobility be+ pres5t1 !re 7 8sundry %[s1 %apes1 sc5es1 spee*es1 & songs 9 "p20 & ! l 9 #afgb & #afgc1 :5 ! ,k+ aga9 grac$ ! triumphs4 ,! ,k+1 ,que51 ,duke & ,du*ess ( ,york1 ,pr9ce ,rup]t1 ! ,duke ( ,monm\?1 =eign ambassadors1 ! *ief nobility1 & ,secret>y ( ,/ate1 7 at ! celebration ( ,"l ,mayor's ,day 9 #afgd1 :5 !re 87 emblematical figures1 artful pieces ( ar*itecture1 & rural danc+1 ) pieces spok5 on ea* pageant40--,see ,hone's ,e ,day ,book1 vol4 i4 p4 #adde4 ,,nov4 #aa4 ,,/4 ,,m>t9',s ,,day4 ,! fe/ival ( ,/4 ,m>t91 happ5+ at t season :5 ! new w9es ( ! ye> are drawn f ! lees & ta/$1 :5 cattle are kill$ = w9t] food1 & fat geese are 9 _! prime1 is held z a fea/ day ov] mo/ p>ts ( ,*ri/5dom4 ,on ! anci5t clog almanacs1 ! day is m>k$ by ! figure ( a goose1 our bird ( ,mi*aelmas be+1 on ! cont95t1 sacrific$ at ,m>t9mas4 ,9 ,scotl& & ! nor? ( ,engl&1 a fat ox is call$ a m>t#hd cle>ly f ,m>t9mas1 ! usual "t :5 beeves are kill$ = w9t] use4--,book ( ,days1 vol ii4 p4 #efh4 #hd ,m>t1 accord+ to ,sk9n]1 is a fair1 :o consid]s x a contraction ( m>ket4 ,br& 7,pop4 ,antiq4 #ahdi1 vol4 i4 p4 #djj7 says t1 _h n m>t be5 ! g5]al "n = a fair1 "o might h be5 tempt$ to suppose x a contraction ( ,m>t91 ! "n ( ! sa9t ^: day is commemorat$4 ,salt ,silv]4--,9 ! gloss>y to ,k5nett's ,p>o*ial ,antiquities 7p4 #dif7 is ! foll[+3--8,salt ,silv]4--,"o p5ny paid at ! ,fea/ ( ,/4 ,m>t91 by ! s]vile t5ants to _! "l1 z a commutation = ! s]vice ( c>ry+ _! "l's salt f m>ket to 8 l>d]40 ,,buck+ham%ire4 ,!re is a h\se 9 ,f5ny ,/rat=d1 call$ ,/4 ,m>t9's h\se1 9 ! wall ( :i* is a /one be>+ ! foll[+ inscription3-- 8,?is h\se 0 settl$ on ! p>i% (fic]s ( ?is t[n1 = ! annual obs]vance ( ,/4 ,m>t9's ,day40--8,anno ,dom9i #ageb40 ,! h\se is let at #el4 #ds4 p] annum1 & ! r5t1 aft] defray+ ! exp5se ( repairs1 is laid out 9 giv+ an ent]ta9m5t to ! inhabitants ( ! t[n4--,edw>ds1 ,old ,engli% ,cu/oms & ,*>ities1 #ahdb1 p4 #ei4 ,,cambridge%ire4 ,)9 ! manor ( ,:itlesea !re is a cu/om = ! inhabitants to *oose1 on ! ,sunday next aft] ! fea/ ( ,/4 ,m>t91 two p]sons call$ /or]s1 to ov]see ! public bus9ess1 & likewise to provide a common bull1 9 consid]ation :]e( !y enjoy a c]ta9 pa/ure call$ ,bull ,grass2 & ! major "p ( ! freehold]s & copyhold]s at a meet+ grant ! grass e ye> to any p]son :o w take x1 to h ! same f ,lady-day till ! corn is c>ri$ out ( ,coatsfield4--,bl\nt's ,fragm5ta ,antiquitatis1 #ahae1 p4 #egf4 ,,cumb]l&4 ,?omas ,williamson1 by w1 dat$ #ad? ,decemb]1 #afgd1 gave ! sum ( #bjl4 to be laid out 9 l& to be be/[$ ^u poor p born )9 ,/4 ,john's ,*apelry or ,ca/l]igg1 9 mutton or veal1 at ,m>t9mas ye>ly1 :5 fle% might be ?\ght *eape/1 to be by !m pickl$ or hung up & dri$1 t !y might h some?+ to keep !m )9 doors ^u /ormy days4--,edw>ds1 ,old ,engli% ,cu/oms & ,*>ities1 #ahdb1 p4 #fc4 ,,w>wick%ire4 ,dugdale1 9 8 ,antiquities ( ,w>wick%ire 7#agcj1 vol4 i4 p4 #d71 says3--,!re is a c]ta9 r5t due unto ! "l ( ! ,hundr$ ( ,knightl[1 call$ ,wro? money or ,w>? money or ,sw>ff p5ny1 probably ! same ) ,w>d p5ny4 ,?is r5t mu/ be paid e ,m>t9mas ,day1 9 ! morn+1 at ,knightl[ ,cross1 be=e ! sun rise?3 ! p>ty pay+ x mu/ g ?rice ab\t ! cross1 & say 8,! ,wra? money10 & !n lay x 9 ! hole ( ! said cross be=e good witness1 = if x be n duly p]=m$ ! =feiture is ?irty %ill+s & a :ite bull4 ,,york%ire4 ,9 ! ,nor? ,rid+ ( ,york%ire x is cu/om>y = a p>ty ( s+]s1 mo/ly consi/+ ( wom51 to beg9 at ! fea/ ( ,/4 ,m>t9 a k9d ( p]egr9ation r\nd ! neighb\r+ villages1 c>ry+ ) !m a small wax5 image ( our ,savi\r adorn$ ) box & o!r ev]gre5s1 & s++ at ! same "t a hymn :i*1 ?\gh ru/ic & unc\?1 is nev]!less replete ) ! sacr$ /ory ( ! ,nativity4 ,! cu/om is ye>ly cont9u$ till ,*ri/mas ,eve1 :5 ! fea/+1 or z !y usually call x1 8good liv+10 comm5ces2 e ru/ic dame produces a *eese pres]v$ = ! sacr$ fe/ival1 ^u :i*1 be=e any "p ( x is ta/$1 accord+ to an old cu/om1 %e ) a %>p knife makes rude incisions to repres5t ! ,cross4 ,) ?is1 & furmity made ( b>ley & meal1 ! cottage af=ds un9t]rupt$ hospitality4--,g5t4 ,mag4 #ahaa1 vol4 lxxxi4 pt4 i4 p4 #dbc4 ,,irel&4 ,at ,/4 ,pet]'s1 ,a?lone1 e family ( a village1 says ,mason1 9 8 ,/at4 ,acc4 ( ,irel& 7#ahai1 vol4 iii4 p4 #ge71 kills an animal ( "s k9d or o!r3 ^? :o are ri* kill a c[ or a %eep1 o!rs a goose or a turkey2 :ile ^? :o are poor & _c procure an animal ( great] value1 kill a h5 or a cock1 & spr9kle ! ?re%old ) ! blood1 & d ! same 9 ! f\r corn]s ( ! h\se1 & ?is c]emoni\s p]=mance is done to exclude e k9d ( evil _s f ! dwell+ :]e ?is sacrifice is made1 till ! return ( ! same day 9 ! foll[+ ye>4 ,,nov4 #ac4 ,,/4 ,,brice',s ,,day4 ,! ,/am=d ,bull ,runn+4--,f "t immemorial d[n to a late p]iod ?is day 0 annually celebrat$ at ! t[n ( ,/am=d1 9 ,l9coln%ire1 by a r\gh sport call$ bull-runn+4 ,but*]1 9 8 ,survey ( ,/am=d 7#agag1 pp4 #gf1 #gg71 allud+ to ?is cu/om1 says3--8,! but*]s ( ! t[n at _! own *>ge provide ! bull1 & place him ov]-night 9 a /able or b>n belong+ to ! ald]man4 ,! next morn+ proclamation is made by ! common bell-man ( ! t[n t ea* "o %ut up 8 %op-door & gate1 & t none1 ^u pa9 ( imprisonm5t1 d any viol5ce to /rang]s1 = ! prev5t+ :]e( 7! t[n be+ a ?or\ghf>e & !n be+ 9 ,t]m "t7 a gu>d is appo9t$ = ! pass+ ( travell]s ?r\gh ! same )\t hurt4 ,t none h any iron ^u _! bull-clubs or o!r /aff :i* !y pursue ! bull )4 ,:i* proclamation made1 & all ! gates %ut up1 ! bull is turn$ out ( ! ald]man's h\se1 & ! m51 wom51 & *ildr51 ) all ! dogs 9 ! t[n1 run aft] him1 c40 ,accord+ to tradition ! orig9 ( ! cu/om dates f ! "t ( ,k+ ,john1 :51 "o day1 ,william1 ,e>l ( ,w>r51 /&+ on ! battlem5ts ( ! ca/le1 saw two bulls fight+ 9 ! mead[ b5ea?4 ,"s but*]s1 com+ to "p ! combatants1 "o ( ! bulls ran into ! t[n1 caus+ a great upro>4 ,! e>l1 m\nt+ 8 horse1 rode aft] ! animal1 & enjoy$ ! sport s mu* t he gave ! mead[ 9 :i* ! fight began to ! but*]s ( ,/am=d1 on condition t !y %\ld provide a bull1 to be run 9 ! t[n annually1 on ! #ac? ( ,novemb]1 = ev] aft]4 ,!re is no docum5t>y evid5ce on ! subject1 b ! t[n ( ,/am=d und\bt$ly holds c]ta9 common rights 9 ! mead[ specifi$1 :i* is /ill t]m$ ! bull-mead[4--,see ,book ( ,days1 vol4 ii4 p4 #egd4 ,,nov4 #ad4 ,/4 ,,erconwald',s ,,day4 ,/rype1 9 8 ,ecclesia/ical ,memorials 7#ahbb1 vol4 iii4 pt4 i4 p4 #cbb71 says3--8,x 0 comm&$1 t e prie/ 9 ! diocese ( ,london %\ld g to ,/4 ,paul's 9 procession 9 copes on ,/4 ,erconwald's ,day40 ,novemb] #ad?1 #aeed4 ,,nov4 #ag4 ,,que5 ,,elizabe?',s ,,accession4 ,que5 ,elizabe?'s accession 0 long obs]v$ z a ,prote/ant fe/ival1 & ) ! society ( ! ,temple1 ! ,ex*equ]1 ,*ri/'s ,hospital1 ,we/m9/]1 & ,m]*ant ,taylors' ,s*ools1 is1 says ,timbs1 kept z a holiday4 ,! ,pope 9 effigy1 9 a *air ( /ate1 ) ! devil1 a real p]son1 beh9d him1 c>ess+ him1 c41 0 =m]ly p>ad$ 9 procession on ?is day 9 ! /reets ( ,london1 & aft]w>ds ?r[n into a bonfire4 ,9 ,que5 ,anne's "t ! ,pret5d] 0 add$ to ! ,pope & ! devil4 ,!re 7 also great illum9ations 9 ! ev5+4 ,?is anniv]s>y 0 fir/ publicly celebrat$ ab\t #aegj1 twelve ye>s aft] ,elizabe?'s accession4 7,timbs1 ,some?+ = ,ev]ybody1 p4 #abb47 ,brayley 9 8 ,lond9iana1 vol4 iv4 p4 #gd1 et seq41 has giv5 a v int]e/+ acc\nt ( ^! processions4 ,a correspond5t ( ,n4 ,q4 7#a/ ,s4 vol4 iv4 p4 #cde7 says t :5 he 0 at ,*ri/'s ,hospital ! foll[+ curi\s cu/om prevail$ on ! #ag? ( ,novemb]4 ,two or m boys w\ld take "o aga9/ :om !y _h any spite or grudge1 & hav+ lift$ him by ! arms & legs1 w\ld bump him on ! h>d /ones ( ! cloi/]s4 ,9 read+ ,sir ,rog] de ,cov]ley1 ) notes by ,willis publi%$ 9 ! ,travell]'s ,libr>y1 ! same correspond5t says t he f\nd 7at p4 #acd7 :at he consid]$ a fair explanation4 ,a full acc\nt is !re giv51 he says1 ( ! mann] 9 :i* ! citiz5s ( ,london int5d$ celebrat+1 9 #agaa1 ! anniv]s>y ( ,que5 ,elizabe?'s accession on ! #ag? ( ,novemb]1 "s p>ts ( :i* w\ld almo/ seem to h be5 copi$ dur+ ! excitem5t aga9/ ! papal bull 9 ,novemb] #ahej4 ,probably !re=e1 orig9ally1 ! un=tunate boy :o _h to endure ! rude bump+ by 8 s*oolfell[s 0 int5d$ to repres5t ! ,pope or "o ( 8 emiss>ies1 & t ^? :o inflict$ ! puni%m5t 7 look$ ^u z good ,prote/ants4 ,,nov4 #bc4 ,,/4 ,,clem5t',s ,,day4 ,! fe/ival day ( ,/4 ,clem5t 0 =m]ly consid]$ z ! fir/ day ( w9t]1 9 :i* 7 compris$ n9ety-"o days4 ,f a ,/ate proclamation 9 #aedj x appe>s t processions ( *ildr5 7 frequ5t on ,/4 ,clem5t's ,day2 &1 9 consequ5ce ( a /ill m anci5t cu/om ( p]ambulat+ ! /reets on ! night ( ?is fe/ival to beg dr9k = c>\s+1 a pot 0 =m]ly m>k$ aga9/ ! #bcrd ( ,novemb] ^u ! old runic or clog almanacs2 b n ^u all4--,m$4 vi ,kal5d4 #ahda1 vol4 i4 p4 #fj42 ,plot1 ,hi/ory ( ,/af=d%ire1 #afhf1 p4 #dcj2 see ,g\gh's ,camd5 ,brit4 vol4 ii4 pt4 xvi4 p4 #dii4 ,,cambridge%ire4 ,! bak]s ( ,cambridge hold an annual supp] on ,/4 ,clem5t's ,day1 :i* supp] is call$ ! 8,bak]'s ,clem40--,n4 ,q4 #crd ,s4 vol4 iv4 p4 #dib4 ,,k5t4 ,9 ,e ,day ,book 7#ahbf1 vol4 i4 p4 #aeja7 is ! foll[+ acc\nt ( an annual c]emony =m]ly celebrat$ on ! ev5+ ( ,/4 ,clem5t's ,day1 by ! blacksmi?s' appr5tices ( ! docky>d at ,woolwi*3-- ,"o ( ! s5ior appr5tices be+ *os5 to s]ve z ,old ,clem 7s call$ by !m71 is attir$ 9 a great coat1 hav+ 8 head cov]$ ) an oakum wig1 face mask$1 & a long :ite be>d2 ?us attir$1 he seats himself 9 a l>ge wood5 *air1 *iefly cov]$ ) a sort ( /uff call$ bunt+1 ) a cr[n & an*or1 made ( wood1 on ! top & ar\nd x1 f\r transp>5cies repres5t+ ! 8,blacksmi?s' ,arms10 8,an*or ,smi?s at ,"w10 8,britannia ) h] ,an*or10 & 8,m\nt ,etna40 ,he has be=e him a wood5 anvil1 & 9 8 h&s a pair ( tongs & wood5 hamm]4 ,a mate1 also mask$1 att5ds him ) a wood5 sl$ge-hamm]2 he is also surr\nd$ by a numb] ( o!r att5dants1 "s ( :om c>ry tor*es1 bann]s1 flags1 c42 o!rs1 battle-axes1 tomahawks1 & o!r acc\trem5ts ( w>4 ,?is procession1 head$ by a drum & fife1 & six m5 ) ,old ,clem m\nt$ on _! %\ld]s1 proce$ r\nd ! t[n1 n =gett+ to call on ! blacksmi?s & (fic]s ( ! docky>d3 "h ! money-box is pretty freely h&$1 aft] ,old ,clem & 8 mate h recit$ _! spee*es1 :i* comm5ce by ! mate call+ = ord] )1 8,g5tlem5 all1 att5tion give1 ,& wi% ,/4 ,clem long1 long to live40 ,old ,clem !n recites ! foll[+ spee*3-- 8,i am ! real ,/4 ,clem5t1 ! fir/ f\nd] ( brass1 iron1 & /eel1 f ! ore4 ,i h be5 to ,m\nt ,etna1 :]e ! god ,vulcan fir/ built 8 =ge1 & =g$ ! arm\r & ?und]bolts = ! god ,jupit]4 ,i h be5 ?r\gh ! des]ts ( ,arabia2 ?r\gh ,asia1 ,africa1 & ,am]ica2 ?r\gh ! city ( ,pongrove1 ?r\gh ! t[n ( ,tipm+o1 & all ! nor!rn p>ts ( ,scotl&4 ,i arriv$ 9 ,london on ! #bcrd ( ,novemb]1 & came d[n to 8 ,maje/y's docky>d at ,woolwi* to see h[ all ! g5tlem5 ,vulcans came on !re4 ,i f\nd !m all h>d at "w1 & wi% to leave !m well on ! tw5ty-f\r?40 ,! mate !n subjo9s3 8,come all y ,vulcans /\t & /rong1 ,unto ,/4 ,clem we d belong2 ,i "k ?is h\se is well prep>$ ,) pl5ty ( money & good /rong be]2 ,& we mu/ dr9k be=e we "p1 ,all = to *e] ea* m]ry he>t4 ,come all y ,vulcans1 /rong & /\t1 ,unto ,/4 ,clem ,i pray turn out2 ,= n[ ,/4 ,clem's go+ r\nd ! t[n1 ,8 coa*-&-six goes m]rily r\nd4 ,huzza--a--a40 ,aft] hav+ gone r\nd ! t[n & collect$ a pretty dec5t sum1 !y retire to "s public-h\se1 :]e !y enjoy z good a supp] z ! money collect$ w all[4 ,,/af=d%ire4 ,on ! fea/ ( ,/4 ,clem5t1 a cu/om exi/s 9 ,/af=d%ire = ! *ildr5 to g r\nd to ! v>i\s h\ses 9 ! village to :i* !y belong s++ ! foll[+ dogg]el3 8,clemany6 ,clemany6 ,clemany m9e6 ,a good r$ apple & a p9t ( w9e1 ,"s ( y\r mutton & "s ( y\r veal1 ,if x is good1 pray give me a deal2 ,if x is n1 pray give me "s salt4 ,butl]1 butl]1 fill y\r b[l2 ,if ?\ fill/ x ( ! be/1 ,! ,"l'll s5d y\r s\l to re/2 ,if ?\ fill/ x ( ! small1 ,d[n goes butl]1 b[l & all4 ,pray1 good mi/ress1 s5d to me ,"o = ,pet]1 "o = ,paul1 ,"o = ,him :o made u all3 ,apple1 pe>1 plum1 or *]ry1 ,any good ?+ to make u m]ry2 ,a b\nc+ buck & a velvet *air1 ,clem5t comes b once a ye>2 ,(f ) ! pot & on ) ! pan1 ,a good r$ apple & ,i'll be gone40 ,n4 ,q4 #a/4 ,s4 vol4 viii4 p4 #fah4 ,! foll[+ rhyme is also sung3 8,clem5y1 ,clem5y1 ,god be wi' y1 ,*ri/mas comes b once a ye-ar2 ,:5 x comes1 x w soon be gone1 ,give me an apple1 & ,i'll be gone40 ,ibid4 #crd4 ,s4 vol4 iv4 p4 #dib2 ,see ,oliv]'s ,hi/ory ( ,collegiate ,*ur* ( ,wolv]hampton1 #ahcf1 p4 #af4 ,,wales4 ,at ,t5by1 on ,/4 ,clem5t's ,day1 x 0 cu/om>y = ! own]s ( fi%+-boats to give a supp] ( roa/ goose & rice pudd+ to _! crews4--,mason's ,tales & ,traditions ( ,t5by1 #aheh1 p4 #bg4 ,,nov4 #bd4 ,,/4 ,,ca!r9e',s ,,eve4 ,9 ,/rype's ,ecclesia/ical ,memorials 7#ahbb1 vol4 iii4 pt4 ii4 p4 #ejg7 is ! foll[+ notice ( ?is fe/ival3 8,! #bd? 7#aeef7 be+ ,/4 ,ka?>9e's ,day 7or r ,eve71 at six ( ! clock at night ,/4 ,ka?>9e w5t ab\t ! battlem5ts ( ,/4 ,paul's ,*ur* accompani$ ) f9e s++ & great lights2 ?is 0 ,/4 ,ka?>9e's procession40 ,,nov4 #be4 ,,/4 ,,ca!r9e',s ,,day4 ,,buck+ham%ire4 ,on ,catt]n ,day ! lace mak]s hold m]ry-mak+s1 & eat a sort ( cakes call$ 8wigs0#he & dr9k ale4 ,tradition says x is 9 remembrance ( ,que5 ,ca!r9e1 :o1 :5 ! trade 0 dull1 burnt all h] lace1 & ord]$ new to be made4 ,! ladies ( ! c\rt c\ld n b foll[ h] example1 & ! consequ5ce 0 a great briskness 9 ! manufacture4--,n4 ,q4 #crd ,s4 vol4 i4 p4 #chg4 #he ,cakes call$ 8wigs0 7 v commonly sold 9 ! ,midl& c\nties "s ye>s ago1 & !y are ev5 m5tion$ z all[able at ! collation 9 ,l5t by a ,ca?olic writ] ne>ly two c5turies ago4 ,!y 7 light & spongy1 & some?+ l v light g+]bread4 ,z to ! d]ivation ( ! "n 8wig0 z appli$ to !m1 a correspond5t ( ,notes & ,qu]ies says he nev] dream$ ( see+ x any :]e b 9 ! %ape ( ^! cakes1 :i* greatly resembl$ a wig2 be+ r\nd1 & hav+ a ?ick rim r\nd !m1 :i* turn$ up l ! curls ( a wig ( ! old5 times4--,see ,n4 ,q4 #crd4 ,s4 vol4 i4 p4 #dcf4 ,,cambridge%ire4 ,a p>agraph 9 ! ,cambridge ,*ronicle 7,decemb] #h?1 #ahfj7 alludes to ! cu/om ( ! c>p5t]s ( ,*att]is1 9 ! ,isle ( ,ely1 obs]v+ ! fea/ ( _! patron ,sa9t1 ,/4 ,ca!r9e1 by d9+ toge!r1 c4 ,,k5t4 ,! foll[+ extract is tak5 f ,n4 ,q4 7#bnd ,s4 vol4 v4 p4 #dg73--,on ,w$nesday 7! #be?7 night la/ ! t[ns ( ,*a?am1 ,ro*e/]1 & ,brompton exhibit$ consid]able excitem5t 9 consequ5ce ( a tor*light procession appe>+ 9 ! /reets1 head$ by a b& ( fifes & drums4 ,not)/&+ ! late h\r 7elev5 o'clock7 a l>ge numb] ( p]sons ( bo? sexes1 accompani$ ! p>ty4 ,! demon/ration 0 got up by ! rope-mak]s ( ! docky>d1 to celebrate ! anniv]s>y ( ! f\nd] ( ! rop]y 7,que5 ,ca!r9e74 ,! female repres5t+ h] ,maje/y 7:o 0 borne 9 a *air ( /ate by six rope-mak]s7 0 dress$ 9 :ite musl91 wore a gilt cr[n1 & c>ri$ 9 h] h& a ,roman bann]4 ,,nor?ampton%ire4 ,at "o "t x 0 cu/om>y1 at ,pet]bor\gh1 till ! introduction ( ! new poor laws1 = ! female *ildr5 belong+ to ! workh\se1 att5d$ by ! ma/]1 to g 9 procession r\nd ! city on ,/4 ,ca!r9e's ,day4 ,!y 7 all attir$ 9 :ite1 & decorat$ ) v>i\s col\r$ ribbons1 pr9cipally sc>let2 ! talle/ girl 0 select$ to repres5t ! ,que51 & 0 adorn$ ) a cr[n & sceptre4 ,! procession /opp$ at ! h\ses ( ! pr9cipal inhabitants1 & !y sang ! foll[+ rude ballad1 begg+ = money at e h\se z !y pass$ along3 8,"h comes ,que5 ,ca!r9e1 z f9e z any que51 ,) a coa* & six horses a com+ to be se54 ,& a sp9n+ we w g1 w g1 w g1 ,& a sp9n+ we w g4 ,"s say %e is alive1 & "s say %e is dead1 ,& n[ %e does appe> ) a cr[n ^u h] head4 ,& a sp9n+ we w g1 c4 ,old ,madam ,m>%all %e takes up h] p51 ,& !n %e sits & calls = all h] royal m54 ,& a sp9n+ we w g1 c4 ,all y t want employm5t1 ?\gh sp9n+ is b small1 ,come li/1 & don't /& /ill1 b g & "w = all4 ,& a sp9n+ we w g1 c4 ,if we set a sp9n+1 we w ei!r "w or play1 ,b if we set a sp9n+ we c e>n a cr[n a day4 ,& a sp9n+ we w g1 c4 ,& if !re be "s "y m51 z ,i suppose !re's "s1 ,we'll h>dly let !m /& alone ^u ! cold /one4 ,& a sp9n+ we w g1 c40 ,/4 ,ca!r9e be+ ! patron ( ! sp9n]s1 z well z ( sp9/]s1 & sp9n+ be+ =m]ly ! employm5t ( ! females at ! workh\se1 x naturally foll[$ t !y %\ld be select$ to commemorate ! anniv]s>y ( ?is ,sa9t2 & t ?is commemoration is ( great antiquity appe>s f ! e>ly entries 9 ! ,dean & ,*apt]'s acc\nts ( paym5ts on ,/4 ,ca!r9e's ,day = :eels & reels = ! *ildr5 ( ! workh\se4--,bak]1 ,gloss>y ( ,nor?ampton%ire ,words & ,phrases1 #ahed1 vol4 ii4 p4 #dcf4 ,a correspond5t ( ,n4 ,q4 7#d? ,s4 vol4 ii4 p4 #ccb71 allud+ to ! above cu/om1 says t x 0 n conf9$ to ,pet]bor\gh1 b 0 obs]v$ ?r\gh\t ! :ole ( ! ,nor?ampton%ire lace-mak+ di/ricts1 z well z 9 ^? ( ,b$=d%ire4 ,accord+ to popul> tradition ! cu/om is d]iv$ f "o ( ! ,que5s ,ca!r9e 9 ! "t ( ,h5ry ,,viii4--probably f ,ca!r9e ,p>r1 :o 0 a ,nor?ampton%ire woman4 ,by "s ?is day is call$ 8,c&le ,day10 f its =m+ ! comm5cem5t ( ! season = work+ at lace-mak+ by c&le-light4 ,,isle ,,( ,,?anet4 ,on ,/4 ,ca!r9e's ,day 9 ! ,isle ( ,?anet1 ! c>t]s place a small figure on a :eel on ! front ( _! c>t %$s4--,n4 ,q4 #bnd ,s4 vol4 v4 p4 #bce4 ,,worce/]%ire4 ,9 ?is c\nty ! *ildr5 g r\nd to ! f>mh\ses collect+ apples & be] = a fe/ival1 & s+ ! foll[+ l9es3 8,ca!r9e & ,clem5t1 be "h1 be "h1 ,"s ( y\r apples1 & "s ( y\r be]2 ,"s = ,pet]1 & "s = ,paul1 ,& "s = ,him t made u all4 ,clem5t 0 a good man1 ,= 8 sake give u "s1 ,n ( ! worse1 b "s ( ! be/1 ,& ,god w s5d y\r s\l to re/40 ,! ,*apt] ( ,worce/] h a practice ( prep>+ a ri* b[l ( w9e & spices1 call$ ! 8,ca!rn b[l10 = ! inhabitants ( ! college ^u ?is day4--,halliwell's ,popul> ,rhymes1 #ahdi1 p4 #bch2 see ,n4 ,q4 #bnd ,s4 vol4 iv4 pp4 #die1 #dif4 ,,nov4 #cj4 ,,/4 ,,&rew',s ,,day4 ,! comm5cem5t ( ! ecclesia/ical ye> is regulat$ by ! fea/ ( ,/4 ,&rew1 ! ne>e/ ,sunday to :i*1 :e!r be=e or aft]1 con/itutes ! fir/ ,sunday 9 ,adv5t1 or ! p]iod ( f\r weeks :i* h]alds ! approa* ( ,*ri/mas4 ,/4 ,&rew's ,day is ?us sometimes ! fir/ & sometimes ! la/ fe/ival 9 ! ,*ri/ian ,ye>4--,book ( ,days1 vol ii4 p4 #fcf4 ,,k5t4 ,ha/$1 9 8 ,hi/ory ( ,k5t 7vol4 ii4 p4 #geg71 speak+ ( ! p>i% ( ,ea/l+1 says t1 on ,/4 ,&rew's ,day1 !re is a ye>ly div]sion call$ squirrel-hunt+ 9 ?is & ! neighb\r+ p>i%es1 :5 ! lab\r]s & l[] k9d ( p1 assembl+ toge!r1 =m a lawless rabble1 & be+ acc\tr$ ) guns1 poles1 clubs & o!r su* weapons1 sp5d ! great] "p ( ! day 9 p>ad+ ?r\gh ! woods & gr\nds1 ) l\d %\t+s1 & "u pret5ce ( demoli%+ ! squirrels1 "s few ( :i* !y kill1 !y de/roy numb]s ( h>es1 pheasants1 p>tridges1 &1 9 %ort1 :atev] comes 9 _! way1 break+ d[n ! h$ges1 & do+ mu* o!r mis*ief1 &1 9 ! ev5+ betak+ !mselves to ! ale-h\ses1 f9i% _! c>e] !re z is usual ) su* sort ( g5try4 ,,middlesex4 ,/rype1 9 8 ,ecclesia/ical ,memorials 7#ahbb1 vol4 iii4 pt4 ii4 p4 #ba71 says3--8,! #cj? ,novemb] #aeeg be+ ,/4 ,&rew's ,day1 0 a procession at ,paul's1 & a prie/ ( e p>i% att5d+1 ea* 9 8 cope1 & a goodly s]mon prea*$1 & aft] t1 ! procession1 ) salve fe/a dies40 ,,nor?ampton%ire4 ,t&] & ,t&rew are ! names giv5 to ! fe/ival ( ,/4 ,&rew1 ( :i* !y are corruptions4 ,! anniv]s>y ( ?is sa9t is1 or r 01 kept by ! lacemak]s z a day ( fe/ivity & m]ry-mak+2 b s9ce ! use ( pill[-lace has 9 a great measure giv5 place to t ( ! loom1 ?is holiday has be5 less & less obs]v$4 ,! day 9 =m] times 0 "o ( unbridl$ lic5ce3 village 8s*ol>ds0 b>r$ out _! ma/]2 ! lace s*ools 7 des]t$2 & dr9k+ & fea/+ prevail$ to a riot\s ext5t4 ,t[>ds ev5+ ! villag]s us$ to become sudd5ly smitt5 ) a viol5t ta/e = masqu]ad+4 ,wom5 might be se5 walk+ ab\t 9 male attire1 :ile m5 & boys clo!d 9 female dress visit$ ea* o!r's cottages1 dr9k+ hot 8eld]n w9e10 ! /aple bev]age ( ! season4 ,!n comm5c$ ! mumm+4--,/]nb]g1 ,dialect & ,folk ,lore ( ,nor?ampton%ire1 #ahea1 p4 #ahc2 ,a4 ,e4 ,bak]1 ,gloss>y ( ,nor?ampton%ire ,words & ,phrases1 #ahed1 vol4 ii4 p4 #cbf4 ,,sussex4 ,a correspond5t ( ! ,a!num 7,no4 #iic7 says t ! cu/om ( squirrel-hunt+ 0 at "o "t kept up 9 ?is c\nty1 b1 9 consequ5ce ( ! inclosure ( ! coppices & ! m /rict obs]vance ( ! game1 x has :olly dropp$4 ,,scotl&4 ,9 ,scotl& ?is day is call$ ,&rys ,day1 ,&roiss ,mess1 & ,&]mess4 ,s+$ %eep's heads are borne 9 ! procession be=e ! ,scots 9 ,london on ,/4 ,&rew's ,day4--,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq4 #ahdi1 vol4 i4 p4 #dae4 ,,/ir ,,up ,,sunday4 ,! #be? ,sunday aft] ,tr9ity is call$ by ! s*oolboys 8,/ir ,up ,sunday10 f ! collect us$ on t day2 & !y repeat ! foll[+ l9es )\t consid]+ _! irrev]5t application3 8,/ir up1 we besee* !e1 ,! pudd+ 9 ! pot1 ,& :5 we get home1 ,we'll eat x all hot40 ,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq4 #ahei1 vol4 i4 p4 #dad2 ,see ,times1 ,novemb] #be?1 #ahfc4 ,,adv5t4 ,adv5t ,bells4--,adv5t bells are rung 9 _m p>i%es ?r\gh\t v>i\s p>ts ( ,engl& dur+ ! mon? ( ,decemb]4 ,a correspond5t ( ,n4 ,q4 7#a/ ,s4 vol4 i4 p4 #ba7 says t1 9 8 neighb\rhood--on ! we/]n bord]s ( ,b]ks--he has he>d _! m]ry peals break gladsomely ^u ! d>k /illness ( ! cold ev5+ f _m a /eeple r\nd4 ,,isle ,,( ,,man4 ,tra91 9 8 ,hi/ory ( ! ,isle ( ,man 7#ahde1 vol4 ii4 p4 #abg71 says1 t ! fiddl]s g r\nd f h\se to h\se1 9 ! latt] "p ( ! night = two or ?ree weeks be=e ,*ri/mas1 play+ a tune call$ ! ,&isop4 ,on _! way !y /op be=e p>ticul> h\ses1 wi% ! inmates individually 8good morn+10 call ! h\r1 !n report ! /ate ( ! wea!r1 & aft] play+ an air1 move on to ! next halt+-place4 ,,picr\s ,,day4 ,,cornwall4 ,! ,second ,?ursday be=e ,*ri/mas ,day is a fe/ival obs]v$ by ! t9n]s ( ! di/rict ( ,blackmore1 & kn[n z 8,picr\s ,day40 ,x is said to be ! fea/ ( ! discov]y ( t9 by a man nam$ ,picr\s4 ,x is n at pres5t m>k$ by any di/9ctive c]emonies1 b x is ! occasion ( a m]ry-mak+1 & ! own] ( ! t9 /ream contributes a %ill+ a man t[>ds x4 ,mr4 ,t4 ,q4 ,c\* says 8 fir/ impression 0 t ! day took its "n f ! circum/ance ( a pie =m+ ! pice de resi/ance ( ! supp]2 b ?is explanation is n all[$ by t9n]s1 nor sanction$ by ! usages ( ! fea/4--,hunt's ,romances ( ! ,we/ ( ,engl&1 #ahga1 p4 #dfh4 ,,dec4 #e4 ,,/4 ,,ni*olas' ,,eve4 ,/rype1 9 8 ,ecclesia/ical ,memorials 7#ahbb1 vol4 iii4 "p4 i4 p4 #cbf71 says3--8,on ! #e? ,decemb] #aeed1 ! :i* 0 ,/4 ,ni*olas' ,eve1 at ev5song "t1 came a comm&m5t t ,/4 ,ni*olas %\ld n g abroad nor ab\t4 ,b1 not)/&+1 x seems1 s mu* 7 ! citiz5s tak5 ) ! mock ,/4 ,ni*olas1 t is1 a boy-bi%op1 t !re w5t ab\t ?ree ,/4 ,ni*olases 9 div]s p>i%es1 z 9 ,/4 ,&rew's ,holborn & ,/4 ,nicolas ,olave's 9 ,bread ,/reet4 ,! reason ! procession ( ,/4 ,ni*olas 0 =bid 0 because ! ,c>d9al _h ?is ,/4 ,ni*olas' ,day s5t = all ! convocation1 bi%ops1 & inf]ior cl]gy1 to come to him to ,lambe?1 !re to be absolv$ f all _! prejudices1 s*isms1 & h]esies40 ,,dec4 #f4 ,,/4 ,,ni*olas' ,,day4 ,,! ,,boy-,,bi%op4 ,/4 ,ni*olas 0 deem$ ! patron ( *ildr5 9 g5]al1 b mu* m p>ticul>ly ( all s*oolboys1 among/ :om ! #f? ( ,decemb] 7! sa9t's fe/ival7 us$ to be a v great holiday = m ?an "o reason4 ,9 ^? bygone times all little boys ei!r sang or s]v$ ab\t ! alt> at *ur*2 & ! fir/ ?+ !y did ^u ! eve ( _! patron's fe/ival 0 to elect f among !mselves1 9 e p>i% *ur*1 ca!dral1 & nobleman's *apel1 a bi%op & 8 (ficials1 or1 z !y 7 !n call$1 8a ,ni*olas & 8 cl]ks40 ,?is boy-bi%op & 8 m9i/]s aft]w>ds sang ! fir/ vesp]s ( _! sa9t1 &1 9 ! ev5+1 array$ 9 _! appropriate ve/m5ts1 walk$ all ab\t ! p>i%2 all 7 glad to see !m1 & ^? :o c\ld af=d x ask$ !m into _! h\ses to be/[ a gift ( money1 sweetmeats1 or food ^u !m4 ,9 ! ye> #abii we f9d ,edw>d ,i41 on 8 way to ,scotl&1 p]mitt+ "o ( ^! boy-bi%ops to say vesp]s be=e him 9 8 *apel at ,heton1 ne> ,newca/le-^u-,tyne1 & mak+ a consid]able pres5t to ! said bi%op & c]ta9 o!r boys t came & sang ) him on ! occasion1 on ! #g? ( ,decemb]1 ! day aft] ,/4 ,ni*olas' ,day4 ,:at 0 ! cu/om 9 ! h\ses ( our nobles we may le>n f ! ,nor?umb]l& ,h\sehold ,book1 :i* tells u t 8,my "l use? & accu/omy? to gyfe y]ly1 ^u ,saynt ,nicolas-,ev51 if he kepe *apell = ,saynt ,nicolas1 to ! ma/] ( 8 *ild]5 ( 8 *apell1 = "o ( ! *ild]5 ( 8 *apell1 y]ely1 vis4 viiid42 & if ,saynt ,nicolas com owt ( ! t[ne :] my "l lye?1 & my "l kepe no *apell1 ?an to h y]ely iiis4 iiijd40 ,at ,eton ,college1 x 0 on ,/4 ,ni*olas' ,day1 & n on ,*ild]mas1 t ! boy-bi%op (ficiat$1 :i* he did n only at ev5song1 b at mass1 :i* he began & w5t on ) up to ! m solemn "p at ! (f]tory3 8,9 fe/o ,sancti ,ni*olai1 9 quo1 et nullat5us 9 fe/o ,sanctorum ,innoc5tium1 div9a (ficia prt] miss secreta exequi et dici p]mittimus p] episcopum pu]orum s*oli>ium ad hoc de eisdem annis s+ulis elig5dum40 ,x 0 ^u ?is fe/ival t "s weal?y man or o!r ( ! p>i% w\ld make an ent]ta9m5t on ! occasion = 8 own h\sehold1 & invite 8 neighb\rs' *ildr5 to come & p>take ( x2 &1 ( c\rse1 ,ni*olas & 8 cl]ks sat 9 ! highe/ place4 ,! ,gold5 ,leg5d tells h[ 8a man1 = ! love ( 8 sone t w5te to scole = to l]ne1 hal[$ e ye> ! fee/ ( ,saynt ,ny*olas mo*e solemply4 ,on a "t x happ$ t ! fad] _h doo make r$y ! dyn]1 & call$ _m cl]kes to ?is dyn]40 ,individuals sometimes bequea!d money to f9d a ye>ly d9n] on ,/4 ,ni*olas' day = z _m z a hundr$ ,*ild]mas' tide s*ol>s1 :o 71 aft] meat1 to pray = ! s\l ( ! f\nd] ( ! fea/4 ,9 our l>ge s*ools & univ]sities ! fe/ival 0 kept ) public sports & games4 ,b x 0 at ,holy ,innoc5ts1 or ,*ild]mas' tide1 t ,ni*olas & 8 cl]ks came =? 9 all _! glory4 ,! boy-bi%op _h a set ( pontificals provid$ = him4 ,/4 ,paul's1 ,london1 _h its 8una mitra alba cum flosculis breudatis--ad opus episcopi p>vulorum--baculus ad usum episcopi p>vulorum20 ,york ,m9/]1 too1 its 8una capa de tissue pro episcopo pu]orum20 ,l9coln ,ca!dral1 8a cope ( r$ velvet1 orda9$ = ! b>n-bi%op20 ,all ,s\ls' ,college1 ,ox=d1 8j4 *em4 7*es487 j4 cap et mitra pro episcopo ,ni*olao20 ,/4 ,m>y's ,*ur*1 ,s&wi*1 8a lytyll *esebyll = ,seynt ,ni*olas byss*op40 ,= ! boy-bi%op's att5dants copes 7 also made1 & ,york _h no few] ?an 8novem cap pro pu]is40 ,t[>ds ! end ( ev5song on ,/4 ,john's ,day ! little ,ni*olas & 8 cl]ks1 array$ 9 _! copes1 & hav+ burn+ tap]s 9 _! h&s1 & s++ ^? words ( ! ,apocalypse 7c4 xiv47 8,c5tum quadrag9ta0 walk$ processionally f ! *oir to ! alt> ( ! ,bless$ ,tr9ity1 :i* ! boy-bi%op inc5s$2 aft]w>ds !y all sang ! an!m1 & he recit$ ! pray] commemorative ( ! ,holy ,innoc5ts4 ,go+ back into ! *oir ^! boys took possession ( upp] canons' /alls1 & ^? dignit>ies !mselves _h to s]ve 9 ! boys' place1 & c>ry ! c&les1 ! ?urible1 & ! book1 l acolytes1 ?urif]s1 & l[] cl]ks4 ,/&+ on high1 we>+ 8 mitre1 & hold+ 8 pa/oral /aff 9 8 left h&1 ! boy-bi%op gave a solemn b5$iction to all pres5t1 &1 :ile mak+ ! sign ( ! ,cross ov] ! kneel+ cr[d1 said3 8,crucis signo vos consigno2 ve/ra sit tuitio1 ,quos nos emit et r$emit su c>nis pretio40 ,! next day1 ! fea/ itself ( ,holy ,innoc5ts1 ! boy-bi%op prea*$ a s]mon1 :i* ( c\rse _h be5 writt5 = him2 & "o f ! p5 ( ,erasmus1 8,concio de pu]o ,iesu10 spok5 by a boy ( ,/4 ,paul's ,s*ool1 ,london1 is /ill extant1 & ,dean-,colet1 ! f\nd] ( t sem9>y1 9 8 /atutes = x1 orda9$ t 8all ^! *ildr5 %all1 e ,*ild]mas ,daye1 come to ,paulis ,*ur*e1 & he> ! *ilde bi%op s]mon2 & aft] be at ! high masse1 & ea* ( !m (f] a #a;d4 to ! *ilde bys%op1 & ) !m ! mai/]s & surveyors ( ! scole40 ,at ev5song bi%op ,ni*olas & 8 cl]ks (ficiat$ z on ! day be=e1 & until ,ar*bi%op ,peckham's times1 us$ to take "s conspicu\s "p 9 ! s]vices ( ! *ur* dur+ ! :ole octave ( ,*ild]mas tide4 ,ab\t #abgi ,a4,d4 t primate decre$1 h[ev]1 ?us3--8,pu]ilia autem sol5nia1 qu 9 fe/o sol5t fi]i ,innoc5tum po/ vesp]as ,s4 ,johannis tantum in*o>i p]mittimus1 et 9 cra/9o 9 ipsa die ,innoc5tum totalit] t]m95tur40 ,?is fe/ival1 l ,/4 ,ni*olas' ,day1 _h its good ?+s2 & !n1 z n[1 0 m>k$ by a bett] d9n] 9 nunn]ies1 :]e9 ! little boys :o _h s]v$ at ! alt>s ( ! nuns' *ur*es 7 n =gott51 z we see by ! exp5ses ( ,/ ,m>y de ,prees3 8,paid = makyng ( ! dyn] to ! su/]s ^u ,*ild]mas ,day1 iiis4 iiijd4 ,x4 ,paid = br$e & ale = ,sa9t ,ni*olas1 iiis4 ,if s*oolboys _h ! patron ,/4 ,ni*olas1 little girls _h _! patroness too1 ,/4 ,ca!r9e1 :o by h] le>n+ ov]?rew ! cavil+s ( _m hea!n philosoph]s & won "s ( !m to ,*ri/ianity4 ,on ?is holy m>tyr's fe/ival1 !re=e1 did ! girls walk ab\t ! t[ns 9 _! procession4 ,all ?is 0 look$ ^u ) a sc[l by ^? :o pull$ d[n ! ,*ur* ( ,god 9 ?is l&3 h5ce ,cranm]1 t[>ds ! end ( ,h5ry ,,viii4's reign1 =bade ^! & o!r l processions3--8,:]eas h]et(ore dyv]se & _m sup]/iti\s 787 & *ildys%e obs]vations h be5 us$1 & yet to ?is day are obs]v$ & kept 9 _m & sondry p>ties ( ?is realm1 z ^u ,sa9te ,nicolas1 ,sa9te ,ca!ryne1 ,sa9te ,clem5t1 ! ,holy ,innoc5tes1 & su* l2 *ildr5 be /rangelye deck$ & app>elid to c\nt]faite prie/es1 by%oppes1 & wom52 & s l$de ) songes & daunces f h\se to h\se1 bleass+ ! p1 & ga!rynge ( monye1 & boyes doo s+e masse & prea*e 9 ! pulpitt 444 ! ,kyng's maje/ie willi? & commaunde? t f h5ce=? all su*e sup]/itions be lo/e & cly]lye ex/+ui%$10 c4 ,que5 ,m>y re/or$ ^! rites1 & ! p 7 glad to see ?is1 along ) o!r ( _! old religi\s usages1 giv5 back to !m2 & an eye-witness tells u t1 9 ,a4,d4 #aeef1 8! ,v4 day ( ,decemb] 0 ,sant ,necolas evyn1 & ,sant ,necolas :5tt abrod 9 mo/ p>tt 9 ,london1 syngyng aft] ! old fassyon1 & 0 reseyvyd ) mony good pepulle into _! h[ses1 & _h my* good *]e z ev] !y _h1 9 mony plasses40 ,"s h ?\ght t x 0 ow+ to 8 e>ly ab/95ce t ,/4 ,ni*olas 0 *os5 patron ( s*oolboys2 a bett] reason p]haps is giv5 to u by a writ] 9 ! ,g5t4 ,mag4 7#aggg1 vol4 xlvii4 p4 #aeh71 :o m5tions hav+ 9 8 possession an ,italian life ( ,/4 ,ni*olas1 f :i* he translates ! foll[+ /ory1 :i* expla9s ! occasion ( boys address+ !mselves to ,/4 ,ni*olas' patronage3-- 8,! fame ( ,/4 ,ni*olas' virtues 0 s great t an ,asiatic g5tleman1 on s5d+ 8 two sons to ,a!ns = education1 ord]$ !m to call on ! bi%op = 8 b5$iction2 b !y1 gett+ to ,myra late 9 ! day1 ?\ght prop] to def] _! visit till ! morr[1 & took up _! lodg+s at an inn1 :]e ! l&lord1 to secure _! baggage & effects to himself1 murd]$ !m 9 _! sleep & !n cut !m into pieces1 salt+ !m1 & putt+ !m into a pickl+ tub ) "s pork1 :i* 0 !re already1 mean+ to sell ! :ole z su*4 ,! bi%op1 h[ev]1 hav+ a vision ( ?is impi\s transaction1 imm$iately resort$ to ! inn1 & call+ ! ho/ to him1 reproa*$ him = 8 horrid villany4 ,! man1 p]ceiv+ t he 0 discov]$1 confess$ 8 crime1 & entreat$ ! bi%op to int]c$e on 8 behalf to ! ,almighty = 8 p>don1 :o be+ mov$ ) compassion at 8 contrite behavi\r1 confession1 & ?or\gh rep5tance1 bes\ght ,almighty ,god n only to p>don ! murd]]1 b also1 = ! glory ( ,8 "n1 to re/ore life to ! poor innoc5ts :o _h be5 s inhumanly put to dea?4 ,! sa9t _h h>dly f9i%$ 8 pray] :5 ! mangl$ & deta*$ portions ( ! y\?s 71 by ,div9e ,p[]1 reunit$1 & p]ceiv+ !mselves alive1 ?rew !mselves at ! feet ( ! holy man to kiss & embrace !m4 ,b ! bi%op n suff]+ _! humiliation1 rais$ !m up1 exhort+ !m to return ?anks to ,almighty ,god = ?is m>k ( ,8 m]cy1 & gave !m good advice = ! future conduct ( _! lives2 & !n1 giv+ !m ! bless+1 he s5t !m ) great joy to prosecute _! /udies at ,a!ns40--,d4 ,rock1 ,! ,*ur* ( our ,fa!rs1 #ahec1 vol4 iii4 "p4 ii4 p4 #bae4 ,,dec4 #h4 ,,conception ,,( ,,virg9 ,,m>y4 ,/rype1 9 8 ,ecclesia/ical ,memorials 7#ahbb1 vol4 iii4 "p #a4 p4 #cbg71 says3--8,! #h? ,decemb] 7#aeed71 be+ ! day ( ! ,conception ( our ,bless$ ,lady1 0 a goodly procession at ! ,savoy by ! ,spani>ds1 ! prie/ c>ry+ ! ,sacram5t betwe5 8 h&s1 & "o deacon c>ry+ a c5s] c5s+1 & ano!r ! holy-wat] /ock1 & a numb] ( fri>s & prie/s s++2 & e man & woman1 knights also & g5tlem51 be>+ gre5 tap]s burn+1 & eight trumpets bl[+2 & :5 !y ceas$1 !n began ! sackbuts to play1 & :5 !y _h done1 !re 0 "o :o c>ri$ two drums on 8 back1 & "o came aft] beat+ !m4 ,& s done1 !y w5t ab\t ! ,savoy1 n[ s++1 & a :ile aft] play+ aga91 & by-&-by came s++ into ! *ur*1 & aft] t !y w5t to mass40 ,,dec4 #ac4 ,,/4 ,,b>*an',s ,,day4 ,,scotl&4 ,8 day is /ill celebrat$ at ,kilb>*an by a fair1 held on ! #a/ ( ,decemb]1 ,old ,/yle1 7#ac? ,decemb]1 ,new ,/yle47 ,?is ru/ic fe/ival is allud$ to 9 ! ,laird ( ,beltrees' poem on ! life & dea? ( ! fam\s pip] ( ,kilb>*an1 ,habbie ,simpson3 8,sae k9dly to 8 neighb\r's nie/1 ,at ,beltane & ,/4 ,b>*an's fea/4 ,he blew & !n held up 8 brei/1 ,z he 7 wead2 ,b n[ we ne$na him arrei/1 ,= n[ he's deid60 ,*amb]s's ,pop4 ,rhymes ( ,scotl&1 #ahgj1 p4 #cia4 ,,dec4 #ad4 ,,/4 ,,tibba',s ,,day4 ,?is day 0 =m]ly celebrat$ 9 ,rutl&%ire by f[l]s & falcon]s1 :o reg>d$ ! sa9t z _! peculi> patroness4 ,camd5 m5tions ! t[n ( ,rihall z p>ticul>ly addict$ to ?is sup]/iti\s obs]vance1#hf & ! passage1 :i* is /rongly express$1 0 ord]$ to be expung$ f 8 ,britannia by ! ,index ,expurgationis1 pr9t$ at ,madrid 9 #afab by ,l\is ,san*ez4--,m$4 vi ,kal5d4 vol4 i4 p4 #hb4 #hf ,rihall1 ubi cum majores no/ros ita fasc9asset sup]/itio1 ut deorum multitud9e ,deum v]um propemodum su/ulisset1 ,tibba m9orum g5tium diva1 quasi ,diana ab aucupibus utique rei accipitr>i prses colebatur4--,britan4 #hvo4 ,lond4 edit4 #aeij1 p4 #dai4 ,,dec4 #ag4 ,,s[ ,,day4 ,,scotl&4 ,at ,s&wick1 9 ! ,orkneys1 x is usual = e family to kill a s[1 :5ce ?is day is call$ ,s[ ,day4 ,?is cu/om probably has "s ref]5ce to ! hea!n wor%ip ( ! sun1 to :i*1 among ! nor!rn nations1 ! male ( ?is animal 0 sacr$4--,s9clair1 ,/at4 ,acc4 ( ,scotl&1 #agic1 vol4 xvi4 p4 #dfj2 ,m$4 vi ,kal5d4 vol4 i4 p4 #hb4 ,,dec4 #ba4 ,,/4 ,,?omas' ,,day4 ,9 "s p>ts ( ! c\ntry ,/4 ,?omas' ,day is obs]v$ by a cu/om call$ ,go+ a ,good+4#hg ,! poor p g r\nd ! p>i% & call at ! h\ses ( ! pr9cipal inhabitants1 begg+ money or provisions :]e) to celebrate ! approa*+ fe/ivity ( ,*ri/mas4 ,9 return = ! alms be/[$ dur+ ^! 8good+0 p]egr9ations1 x 0 cu/om>y = ! recipi5ts1 9 =m] times1 to pres5t to _! b5efactors a sprig ( holly or mi/letoe4--,book ( ,days1 vol4 ii4 p4 #gbd2 see ,g5t4 ,mag4 #agid1 vol4 lxiv4 p4 #bib4 #hg ,nor?ampton%ire1 ,k5t1 ,sussex1 ,h]e=d%ire1 ,worce/]%ire1 etc4 ,girls1 says ,halliwell1 us$ to h a me?od ( div9ation ) a 8,/4 ,?omas's ,onion10 = ! purpose ( asc]ta9+ _! future p>tn]s4 ,!y peel$ ! onion1 wrapp$ x up 9 a clean h&k]*ief1 & !n1 plac+ x "u _! heads1 said ! foll[+ l9es3 8,good ,/4 ,?omas1 d me "r1 ,& see my true love come to-night1 ,t ,i may see him 9 ! face1 ,& him 9 my k9d arms embrace40 ,"o ( ! old cries ( ,london 01 8,buy my rope ( onions--:ite ,/4 ,?omas's ,onions40--,popul> ,rhymes1 #ahdi1 p4 #bbd4 ,,b$=d%ire4 ,an anci5t annual paym5t ( #el4 out ( an e/ate at ,bidd5ham1 =m]ly belong+ to ! family ( ,botel]1 & n[ ! prop]ty ( ,"l ,visc\nt ,hampd51 is regul>ly paid on ,/4 ,?omas's ,day to ! ov]se]s ( ! poor = ! pur*ase ( a bull1 :i* is kill$1 & ! fle% !re( giv5 among/ ! poor p]sons ( ! p>i%4 ,= _m ye>s pa/ ! annual fund1 be+ insuffici5t to pur*ase a bull1 ! defici5cy has be5 made good out ( o!r *>ities belong+ to ! p>i%4 ,x 0 propos$ "s ye>s ago by ! vic> t ! #el4 a ye> %\ld be laid out 9 buy+ meat1 b ! poor insi/$ on ! cu/om>y pur*ase ( a bull be+ cont9u$1 & ! usage is accord+ly kept up4--,edw>ds1 ,old ,engli% ,cu/oms & ,*>ities1 #ahdb1 p4 #fd4 ,,b]k%ire4 ,! cruel practice ( bull-bait+ 0 cont9u$ annually on ,/4 ,?omas's ,day1 9 ! m>ket place ( ! t[n ( ,wok+ham s lately z #ahba4 ,9 #ahbb1 ^u ! pass+ ( ! ,act aga9/ cruelty to animals1 ! corporation resolv$ on aboli%+ ! cu/om4 ,! ald]man 7z ! *ief magi/rate is call$ !re7 w5t ) 8 (fic]s 9 procession1 & solemnly pull$ up ! bull-r+1 :i* _h f "t immemorial be5 fix$ 9 ! m>ket-place4 ,! bull-bait+ at ,wok+ham 0 reg>d$ ) no ord9>y atta*m5t by ! inhabitants2 =1 besides ! love ( sport1 x 0 "h connect$ ) some?+ m solid1 viz41 ! ,*ri/mas d9n]4 ,9 #affa1 ,george ,/av]ton gave by w1 out ( 8 ,/a9es h\se1 aft] ! dea? ( 8 wife1 #dl4 to buy a bull = ! use ( ! poor ( ,wok+ham p>i%1 to be increas$ to #fl4 aft] ! dea? ( 8 wife & h] daught]1 ! bull to be bait$1 & !n cut up1 8"o poor's piece n exce$+ ano!r's 9 bigness40 ,great 0 ! wra? ( ! populace 9 #ahbb at ! loss1 n ( ! beef--= ! corporation duly di/ribut$ ! meat--b ( ! bait+4 ,!y v5t$ _! rage = successive ye>s 9 occasional brea*es ( ! peace4 ,!y f\nd out1 (t5 in=m$ by ! sympa?is+ f>m] or but*]1 :]e ! devot$ animal 0 domicil$2 proce$$ at night to lib]ate him f /all or mead[1 & to *ase him across ! c\ntry ) all ! noisy accompanim5ts imag9able4 ,s long 0 ?is feel+ kept alive t1 ?irte5 ye>s aft]w>ds1 viz41 9 #ahce1 ! mob broke into ! place :]e "o ( ! two animals to be divid$ 0 abid+ & bait$ him1 9 defiance ( ! au?orities1 9 ! m>ket-place2 "o en?usia/ic individual1 tradition relates1 actually ly+ on ! gr\nd & seiz+ ! mis]able brute by ! no/ril ) 8 own tee?4 ,?is 0 n to be endur$1 & a s5t5ce ( imprisonm5t 9 ,read+ ,gaol cool$ ! ard\r ( ! r+lead]s1 & gave ! c\p de grce to ! sport4 ,! beque/ ( ,/av]ton n[ yields an income ( #bjl41 & has = sev]al ye>s be5 appropriat$ to ! pur*ase ( two bulls4 ,! fle% is divid$ & di/ribut$ annually on ,/4 ,?omas's ,day by ! ald]man1 *ur*w>d5s1 & ov]se]s1 to ne>ly e poor family 7betwe5 #bjj & #cjj71 )\t reg>d to _! receiv+ p>o*ial relief4 ,! produce ( ! (fal & hide is laid out 9 ! pur*ase ( %oes & /ock+s = ! poor wom5 & *ildr54 ,! bulls' tongues are recognis$ by c\rtesy z ! p]quisites ( ! ald]man & t[n cl]k4--,n4 ,q4 #bnd ,s4 vol4 v4 p4 #ce4 ,,*e%ire4 ,! poor p g f f>m to f>m 8a-?omas910 & g5]ally c>ry ) !m a bag & a c1 into :i* meal1 fl\r1 & corn1 are put4 ,begg+ on ?is day is univ]sal 9 ?is & ! neighb\r+ c\nties4--,j\r4 ( ! ,ar*4 ,assoc4 #ahej1 vol4 v4 p4 #bec4 ,,dorset%ire4 ,at ! village ( ,?ornton1 ne> ,%]borne1 a cu/om prevails among/ ! t5ants ( ! manor1 ( deposit+ five %ill+s 9 a hole 9 a c]ta9 tomb/one 9 ! *ur*y>d1 :i* precludes ! "l ( ! manor f tak+ ! ti! ( hay dur+ ! ye>4 ,?is mu/ be done be=e twelve o'clock on ,/4 ,?omas's ,day1 or ! privilege is void4--,m$4 vi ,kal5d4 #ahdb1 vol4 i4 p4 #hc4 ,!re 0 a cu/om v g5]ally practis$ 9 "s p>ts ( ?is c\nty1 & :i* may ev5 n[ be practis$4 ,a few days be=e ,*ri/mas ! wom51 *ildr51 & old m5 9 a p>i% w\ld visit by turns ! h\ses ( _! weal?i] neighb\rs1 & 9 return =1 & 9 recognition ( ,*ri/mas greet+s1 & _! g5]al dem& ( 8,please give me some?+ to keep up a ,*ri/mas10 w\ld receive sub/antial pieces or 8hunks0 ( bread & *eese1 bread & meat1 or small sums ( money4 ,! old & infirm ( ei!r sex 7 g5]ally repres5t$ by _! *ildr5 or gr&*ildr51 ^? only be+ refus$ ! dole :o did n belong to ! p>i%4--,n4 ,q4 #d? ,s4 vol4 x4 p4 #did4 ,,h]e=d%ire4 ,/4 ,?omas's ,day is call$ by ! poor inhabitants ( ?is c\nty 8,mump+ ,day20 & ! cu/om ( go+ f h\se to h\se ask+ = contributions1 is t]m$ go+ a-mump+4 ,,h]t=d%ire4 ,small pyramids1 says ,fosbroke 7,encyclopdia ( ,antiquities1 #ahdj1 p4 #ffa71 =m$ ( gilt ev]gre5s1 apples1 & nuts1 are c>ri$ ab\t at ?is "t 9 ,h]t=d%ire = pres5ts4 ,,isle ,,( ,,man4 ,=m]ly1 x 0 cu/om>y = ! p to g to ! m\nta9s to cat* de] & %eep = ,*ri/mas1 & 9 ! ev5+ always to k9dle a l>ge fire on ! top ( e f+an or cliff4 ,h5ce1 at ! "t ( ca/+ peats1 e "o laid aside a l>ge "o1 say+3 8,faaid moo> moayney son oie'l f+an10 t is1 8,a l>ge turf = ,f+an's ,eve40--,tra91 ,hi/ory ( ,isle ( ,man1 #ahde1 vol4 ii4 p4 #abd2 ,crege5's ,manks ,diction>y1 p4 #fg4 ,,nott+ham%ire4 ,samuel ,higgs1 by 8 w1 be>+ date #aa? ,may1 #ahbj 7z appe>s f ! *ur* tablet71 gave #ejl4 to ! vic> & *ur*w>d5s ( ! p>i% ( ,f>nsfield1 & direct$ t ! int]e/ %\ld be giv5 e ye> on ! #ba/ ( ,decemb]1 9 equal proportions1 to ! poor m5 & wom5 :o c\ld repeat ! ,"l's pray]1 ! cre$1 & ! t5 comm&m5ts1 be=e ! vic> or o!r su* p]son z he %\ld appo9t to he> !m4 ,! int]e/ is appli$ accord+ to ! donor's ord]s1 & ! poor p]sons appo9t$ to p>take ( ! *>ity cont9ue to receive x dur+ _! lives4--,edw>ds1 ,old ,engli% ,cu/oms & ,*>ities1 #ahdb1 p4 #bji4 ,,ox=d%ire4 ,at ,ta9ton1 a qu>t] ( b>ley is provid$ annually1 at ! exp5se ( ,"l ,dynevor1 ! "l ( ! manor1 & made into loaves call$ 8cobbs40 ,^! 7 =m]ly giv5 away 9 ,ta9ton *ur* to su* ( ! poor *ildr5 ( ,bur=d z att5d$4 ,a s]mon 0 prea*$ on ,/4 ,?omas's ,day1 #fs4 #h;d4 be+ paid out ( ,"l ,dynevor's e/ate to ! prea*]4 ,! *ildr51 h[ev]1 made s mu* riot & di/urbance 9 ! *ur*1 t1 ab\t ! ye> #ahji1 x 0 ?\ght bett] to di/ribute ! cobbs 9 a /able belong+ to "o ( ! *ur*w>d5s1 :i* c\rse has be5 pursu$ ev] s9ce4--,edw>ds1 ,old ,engli% ,cu/oms & ,*>ities1 #ahdb1 p4 #be4 ,,/af=d%ire4 ,9 _m p>ts ( ?is c\nty n only ! old wom5 & wid[s1 b repres5tatives f e poor family 9 ! p>i%1 g r\nd = alms4 ,! cl]gyman is expect$ to give "o %ill+ to ea* p]son1 & consequ5tly ! celebration ( ! day is att5d$ ) no small exp5se4 ,"s ( ! p>i%ion]s give alms 9 money1 o!rs 9 k9d4 ,?us1 = example1 "s ( ! f>m]s give corn1 :i* ! mill]s gr9d gratis4 ,9 "s places ! money collect$ is giv5 to ! cl]gyman & *ur*w>d5s1 :o1 on ! ,sunday ne>e/ to ,/4 ,?omas's ,day1 di/ribute x at ! ve/ry4 ,! fund is call$ ,/4 ,?omas's ,dole1 & ! day itself ,dole+ ,day4--,n4 ,q4 #bnd ,s4 vol4 iv4 pp4 #ajc1 #dhg4 ,,sussex4 ,a sum ( #ael4 0 plac$ 9 ! ,arundel ,sav+s-,bank 9 ! ye> #ahbd1 ! int]e/ ( :i* is di/ribut$ on ,/4 ,?omas's ,day4 ,x is said t ?is money 0 f\nd1 _m ye>s s9ce1 on ! p]son ( a begg>1 :o di$ by ! road-side2 & ! int]e/ ( x has always be5 appropriat$ by ! p>i% (fic]s = ! use ( ! poor4--,edw>ds1 ,old ,engli% ,cu/oms & ,*>ities1 #ahdb1 p4 #abi4 ,,w>wick%ire4 ,9 ?is c\nty x is cu/om>y = ! poor p to visit ! f>m-h\ses to beg contributions ( corn4 ,?is is call$ go+ a-corn+4 ,,worce/]%ire4 ,at ,h>v+ton ! foll[+ rhyme is sung3 8,wissal1 wassail ?r\gh ! t[n1 ,if y've got any apples ?r[ !m d[n2 ,up ) ! /ock+ & d[n ) ! %oe ,if y've got no apples money w d4 ,! jug is :ite & ! ale is br[n1 ,?is is ! be/ h\se 9 ! t[n40 ,n4 ,q4 #a/ ,s4 vol4 viii4 p4 #fag4 ,,york%ire4 ,drake1 9 8 ,eboracum 7#agcf1 p4 #bag71 gives ! foll[+ acc\nt ( a cu/om t once exi/$ at ,york on ,/4 ,?omas's ,day1 :i* he says he obta9$ f a manuscript t fell into 8 h&s4 8,william ! ,conqu]or1 9 ! ?ird ye> ( 8 reign 7on ,/4 ,?omas's ,day71 laid siege to ! city ( ,york1 b f9d+ himself unable1 ei!r by policy or /r5g?1 to ga9 x1 rais$ ! siege1 :i* he _h no soon] done1 b by accid5t he met ) two fry]s at a place call$ ,skelton1 n f> f ,york1 & _h be5 to seek reliefe f _! fell[s & !mselves aga9/ ,*ri/mas3 ! "o hav+ a wallet full ( victualls & a %\ld] ( mutton 9 8 h&1 ) two great cakes hang+ ab\t 8 neck2 ! o!r hav+ bottles ( ale1 ) provisions1 likewise ( beife & mutton 9 8 wallett4 ,! k+1 kn[+ _! pov]ty & condition1 ?\ght !y might be s]viceable to him t[>ds ! atta9+ ,york1 :]e=e 7be+ accompani$ ) ,sir ,george ,fo!rgill1 g5]al ( ! field1 a ,norman born71 he gave !m money1 & )all a promise1 t if !y w\ld lett him & 8 soldi]s into _! priory at a "t appo9t$1 he w\ld n only rebuild _! priory1 b ind[e x likewise ) l>ge rev5ues & ample privileges4 ,! fry]s easily cons5t$ & ! conqu]or z soon s5t back 8 army1 :i*1 t night1 accord+ to agreem5t1 7 let into ! priory by ! two fry]s1 by :i* !y imm$iately made !mselves ma/]s ( all ,york2 aft] :i* ,sir ,rob]t ,clif=d1 :o 0 gov]nor !re(1 0 s f> f be+ blam$ by ! conqu]or = 8 /\t def5ce made ! prec$+ days1 t he 0 highly e/eem$ & rew>d$ = 8 val\r1 be+ creat$ ,"l ,clif=d & !re knight$1 ) ! f\r magi/rates !n 9 (fice1 viz41 ,horongate1 ,talbot 7:o aft] came to be ,"l ,talbott71 ,lassells1 & ,err+ham4 8,! arms ( ! city ( ,york at t "t 01 arg5t1 a cross1 gules1 viz41 ,/4 ,george's cross4 ,! conqu]or *>g$ ! cross ) five lyons1 passant g>dant1 or1 9 memory ( ! five wor?y capta9s1 magi/rates1 :o gov]n$ ! city s well1 t he aft]w>ds made ,sir ,rob]t ,clif=d gov]n\r !re( & ! o!r f\r to aid him 9 c\nsell2 & ! bett] to keep ! city 9 ob$i5ce he built two ca/les1 & d\ble moat$ !m ab\t2 & to %ew ! confid5ce & tru/ t he put 9 ^! old1 b new made1 (fic]s by him he (f]$ !m freely to ask :atsoev] !y w\ld ( him be=e he w5t1 & he w\ld grant _! reque/1 :]e=e !y 7abom9at+ ! trea*]y ( ! two fry]s to _! et]nal infamy71 desir$ t1 on ,/4 ,?omas's ,day = ev]1 !y might h a fry] ( ! priory ( ,/4 ,pet]'s to ride ?r\gh ! city on horseback1 ) 8 face to ! horse's tayle1 & t 9 8 h&1 in/ead ( a bridle1 he %\ld h a rope1 & 9 ! o!r a %\ld] ( mutton1 ) "o cake hang+ on 8 back & ano!r on 8 brea/1 ) 8 face pa9t$ l a ,jew2 & ! y\? ( ! city to ride ) him1 & to cry & %\t 8,y\l1 ,y\l10 ) ! (fic]s ( ! city ride+ be=e & mak+ proclamation1 t on ?is day ! city 0 betray$2 & _! reque/ 0 grant$ !m1 :i* cu/om cont9u$ till ! dissolution ( ! said fry]y2 & aft]w>ds 9 imitation ( ! same1 ! "y m5 & artizans ( ! city on ! a=esaid ,/4 ,?omas's ,day1 us$ to dress up "o ( _! own companions l a fry]1 & call$ him y\l1 :i* cu/om cont9u$ till )9 ?is ?ree-score ye>s1 !re be+ _m n[ liv+ :i* c te/ify ! same1 b ^u :at occasion s9ce discont9u$ ,i _c le>n3 ?is be+ done 9 memory ( betray+ ! city by ! said fry]s to ,william ! ,conqu]or40 ,,wales4 ,william ,rog]s1 by w1 ,june #ahjf1 gave to ! m9i/] & *ur*w>d5s ( ,nev]n1 ,pembroke%ire1 & _! successors1 #hjjl41 ,?ree p] ,c5t4 ,consols1 to be transf]r$ by 8 executors )9 six mon?s aft] 8 decease2 & x 0 8 w t ! divid5ds %\ld be laid out annually1 "o moiety !re( 9 good beef1 ! o!r moiety !re( 9 good b>ley1 ! same to be di/ribut$ on e ,/4 ,?omas's ,day 9 ea* ye>1 by ! m9i/] & *ur*w>d5s1 to & among ! poor ( ! said p>i% ( ,nev]n4--,edw>ds1 ,old ,engli% ,cu/oms & ,*>ities1 p4 #bd4 ,,dec4 #bd4 ,,*ri/mas ,,eve4 ,,*e%ire4 ,9 ,*e/]1 & its neighb\rhood1 num]\s s+]s p>ade ! /reets & are hospitably ent]ta9$ ) meat & dr9k at ! v>i\s h\ses :]e !y call4--,see ,book ( ,days1 vol4 ii4 p4 #gcf4 ,,cornwall4 ,on ,*ri/mas ,eve1 9 =m] days1 says ,hunt 7,romances ( ! ,we/ ( ,engl&1 #ahga1 p4 #cdi71 ! small p1 or ! spiggans1 w\ld meet at ! bottom ( ! deepe/ m9es1 & h a midnight mass4 ,9 ?is c\nty ! yule log is call$ 8! mock40 ,,d]by%ire4 ,9 "s p>ts ! village *oir meet 9 ! *ur* on ,*ri/mas ,eve1 & !re wait until midnight1 :5 !y proce$ f h\se to h\se1 inv>iably accompani$ by a small keg ( ale1 s++ 8,*ri/ians awake20 & dur+ ! ,*ri/mas season !y aga9 visit ! pr9cipal h\ses 9 ! place1 & hav+ play$ & sung = ! ev5+1 & p>tak5 ( ! ,*ri/mas *e]1 are pres5t$ ) a sum ( money4--,j\r4 ( ! ,ar*4 ,assoc4 #aheb1 vol4 vii4 p4 #bjh4 ,,devon%ire4 ,! a%ton faggot is burn$ 9 ,devon%ire on ,*ri/mas ,eve4 ,! faggot is compos$ entirely ( a% timb]1 & ! sep>ate /icks or bran*es are securely b\nd toge!r ) a% b&s4 ,! faggot is made z l>ge z c conv5i5tly be burn$ 9 ! fire-place1 or r ^u ! floor1 grates n be+ 9 use4 ,a num]\s company is g5]ally assembl$ to sp5d ! ev5+ 9 games & amusem5ts1 ! div]sions be+ height5$ :5 ! faggot blazes on ! he>?1 z a qu>t ( cyd] is consid]$ due & is call$ = & s]v$ ^u ! bur/+ ( e hoop or b& r\nd ! faggot4 ,! timb] be+ gre5 & ela/ic1 ea* b& g5]ally bur/s op5 ) a sm>t report :5 ! individual /ick or hoop has be5 p>tially burn$ ?r\gh4--,n4 4 ,q4 #a/ ,s4 vol4 iv4 p4 #cji4 ,9 "o or two localities1 x is /ill cu/om>y = ! f>m] ) 8 family & fri5ds1 aft] p>tak+ toge!r ( hot cakes & cid] 7! cake be+ dipp$ 9 ! liquor previ\s to be+ eat571 to proce$ to ! or*>d1 "o ( ! p>ty be>+ hot cake & cid] z an (f]+ to ! pr9cipal apple-tree4 ,! cake is =mally deposit$ on ! =k ( ! tree1 & ! cid] ?r[n ov] ! latt]4#hh--,see ,book ( ,days1 vol4 ii4 p4 #gcf4 #hh ,9 "s places ?is cu/om is obs]v$ on ,new ,ye>'s ,eve4 ,a sup]/iti\s notion prevails 9 ! we/]n p>ts ( ,devon%ire t1 at twelve o'clock at night on ,*ri/mas ,eve1 ! ox5 9 _! /alls are always f\nd on _! knees1 z 9 an attitude ( devotion1 & t s9ce ! alt]ation ( ! /yle !y cont9ue to d ?is only on ! eve ( ,old ,*ri/mas ,day4--,br&1 ,pop4 ,antiq4 #ahdi1 vol4 i4 p4 #dgc4 ,x appe>s1 f a /atem5t ( *>ities 9 an old book1 t ,john ,m>tyn1 by w1 #bh? ( ,novemb]1 #agbi1 gave to ! *ur*w>d5s & ov]se]s ( ! poor ( ! p>i% ( ,/4 ,m>y ,major1 ,exet]1 tw5ty p\nds1 to be put out at int]e/1 & ! pr(its !re( to be laid out e ,*ri/mas ,eve 9 tw5ty pieces ( beef1 to be di/ribut$ to tw5ty poor p ( ! p>i%1 su* z _h no relief on t day1 = ev]4--,old ,engli% ,cu/oms & ,*>ities1 #ahdb1 p4 #d4 ,,gl\ce/]%ire4 ,x appe>s by ! b5efaction table 9 ! *ur* ( ,ru>dean1 t ! ,rev4 ,mr4 ,an?ony ,/]ry1 vic> ( ,lidney1 gave by de$1 9 ! =tie? ye> ( ,que5 ,elizabe?1 five %ill+s p] annum1 payable out ( an e/ate call$ ! ,glasp1 9 ?is p>i%1 = r++ a peal on ,*ri/mas ,eve1 ab\t midnight1 = two h\rs1 9 commemoration ( ! ,nativity4--,old ,engli% ,cu/oms & ,*>ities1 #ahdb1 p4 #f4 ,,hamp%ire4 ,9 ! neighb\rhood ( ! ,new ,=e/ ! foll[+ l9es are sung on ! wassail+ ( ! trees3 8,apples & pe>s ) "r good corn1 ,come 9 pl5ty to e "o2 ,eat & dr9k good cake & hot ale1 ,give e>? to dr9k & %e'll n fail40 ,*ri/mas 9 ! ,old5 ,"t1 ,london1 #ahci4 ,,h]e=d%ire4 ,9 ! ,g5t4 ,mag4 7vol4 xc4 pt4 i4 p4 #cc7 is ! foll[+ acc\nt ( a cu/om t =m]ly exi/$ at ,tretyre on ,*ri/mas ,eve4 ,! writ] says3--,!y make a cake1 poke a /ick ?r\gh x1 fa/5 x ^u ! horn ( an ox1 & say c]ta9 words1 begg+ a good crop ( corn = ! ma/]4 ,! m5 & boys att5d+ ! ox51 range !mselves ar\nd4 ,if ! ox ?r[s ! cake beh9d1 x belongs to ! m51 if be=e1 to ! boys4 ,!y take ) !m a wood5 bottle ( cyd] & dr9k x1 repeat+ ! *>m be=e m5tion$4 ,,k5t4 ,ha/$ 7,hi/ory ( ,k5t1 vol4 iii4 p4 #chj7 says !re 0 a s+ul> cu/om us$ ( long "t by ! fi%]m5 ( ,folke/one4 ,!y *ose eight ( _! l>ge/ & be/ :it+s out ( e boat :5 !y came home f ! fi%]y & sold !m ap>t f ! re/1 & out ( ! money aris+ f !m !y made a fea/ e ,*ri/mas ,eve :i* !y call$ a 8,rumbald40 ,! ma/] ( ea* boat provid$ ?is fea/ = 8 own company4 ,^! :it+s1 :i* are ( a v l>ge size1 & are sold all r\nd ! c\ntry z f> z ,cant]bury1 are call$ ,rumbald :it+s4 ,?is cu/om 7:i* is n[ left (f1 ?\gh _m ( ! inhabitants /ill meet jovially on ,*ri/mas ,eve1 & call x ,rumbald ,night7 might h be5 anci5tly in/itut$ 9 hon\r ( ,/4 ,rumbald1 & at fir/ design$ z an (f]+ to him = 8 protection dur+ ! fi%]y4#hi #hi ,cole1 9 8 ,hi/ory & ,antiquities ( ,filey 7#ahbh1 p4 #adc71 gives ! foll[+ acc\nt ( a cu/om t exi/$ 9 8 "t 9 connection ) ! h]r+ fi%]y at t place4 ,he says1 dur+ ! "t ! boats are on ! h]r+ fi%]y ! junior "p ( ! inhabitants seize all ! unemploy$ waggons & c>ts !y c f9d & drag !m d[n ! /reets to ! cliff tops2 !n leav+ !m to be own$ & tak5 away by _! respective proprietors on ! foll[+ morn+2 ?is is c>ri$ into effect ab\t ! ?ird ,saturday night aft] ! boats h sail$ f ,filey1 "u a sup]/iti\s notion t x drives ! h]r+s into ! nets4 ,previ\sly to ! fi%]m5 sett+ out ^u _! exp$ition !y s5d a piece ( sea-beef on %ore f ea* boat to su* ( _! fri5ds at ! public h\ses z !y wi% 8weel beea20 ?is occasions 8a bit ( a supp]10 at :i* ^? :o are go+ away & ^? :o /ay enjoy good *e]1 height5$ by mutual good-w4 ,! ,sunday prec$+ _! dep>ture is call$ ,boat ,sunday1 :5 all _! fri5ds f ! neighb\r+ villages att5d to bid !m f>ewell4 ,,isle ,,( ,,man4 ,waldron1 9 8 ,description ( ! ,isle ( ,man 7#ahei1 p4 #abe7 says t on ,*ri/mas ,eve e "o leaves (f "w1 & rambles ab\t till ! bells beg9 to r+ at midnight4 ,"l ,teignm\? 7,sket*es ( ! ,coa/ ( ,scotl& & ! ,isle ( ,man1 vol4 ii4 p4 #bfd7 /ates t !y !n all flock to ! *ur*es1 be>+ ! l>ge/ c&le !y c procure4 ,! *ur*es are decorat$ ) holly1 & ! s]vice1 9 commemoration ( ! bir? ( our ,savi\r is call$ ,oiel ,v]ry4--,see ,tra9's ,hi/ory ( ! ,isle ( ,man1 #ahde1 vol4 ii4 p4 #abg4 ,,norfolk4 ,9 "s p>ts ( ,norfolk libations ( spic$ ale us$ to be spr9kl$ on or*>ds & mead[s4--,book ( ,days1 vol4 ii4 p4 #gcf4 ,,nor?ampton%ire4 ,on ,*ri/mas ,eve1 #ahae1 says ,cole 7,hi/ory ( ,ecton1 #ahbe71 ! musicians ( ,ecton1 accompani$ by ! vocali/s ( ! *ur*1 reviv$ ! cu/om ( go+ r\nd ! village at midnight & s++ a c>ol at ! pr9cipal h\ses4 ,,nott+ham%ire4 ,at ,nott+ham1 on ,*ri/mas ,eve1 z well z 9 _m o!r ( ! villages1 x is cu/om>y to toa/ apples on a /r+ until !y drop into a b[l ( hot spic$ ale1 :i* is plac$ to receive !m2 ?is1 f ! s(tness ( ! bev]age is call$ 8lamb's-wool40 ,,ox=d%ire4 ,po9t]1 9 8 ,oxoni5sis ,academia 7#agdi1 p4 #bj71 says t1 at ,m]ton ,college1 ,ox=d1 ! fell[s meet toge!r 9 ! ,hall on ,*ri/mas ,eve & o!r solemn times to s+ a psalm & dr9k a grace-cup to "o ano!r 7call$ ,poculum ,*>itatis71 wi%+ "o ano!r help & happ9ess4 ,^! grace-cups !y dr9k to "o ano!r e day aft] d9n] & supp]1 wi%+ "o ano!r peace & good neighb\rhood4 ,,sussex4 ,at ,*ailey1 ! foll[+ dogg]el is sung at ! wassail+ ( ! apple trees3 8,/& fa/ root1 be> well top1 ,pray ! ,god s5d u a good h[l+ crop4 ,e twig1 apples big1 ,e b\gh1 apples en[4 ,hats full1 caps full1 ,full qu>t]s1 sacks full40#ij ,n4 ,q4 #a/ ,s4 vol4 v4 p4 #bic4 #ij ,see ,eve ( ,epiphany1 p4 #ba4 ,,w>wick%ire4 ,a correspond5t ( ! ,g5t4 ,mag4 7#agie1 vol4 lxv4 p4 #aaj7 ?us describes an amusem5t practis$ on ,*ri/mas ,eve at ,a/on ,hall1 d[n to ! end ( la/ c5tury4 ,z soon z supp] is ov] a table is set 9 ! hall4 ,on x is plac$ a br[n loaf1 ) tw5ty silv] ?reep5ces /uck on ! top ( x1 a tank>d ( ale1 ) pipes & tobacco1 & ! two olde/ s]vants h *airs beh9d x to sit z judges if !y please4 ,! /ew>d br+s ! s]vants1 bo? m5 & wom51 by "o at a "t1 cov]$ ) a w9n[ %eet1 & lays _! "r h& on ! loaf1 expos+ no o!r "p ( ! body4 ,! old] ( ! two judges guesses at ! p]son1 by nam+ a "n1 !n ! y\ng] judge1 & la/ly1 ! old] aga94 ,if !y hit ^u ! "r "n1 ! /ew>d leads ! p]son back aga92 b if !y d n1 he takes (f ! w9n[ %eet1 & ! p]son receives a ?reep5ce1 makes a l[ obeisance to ! judges1 b speaks n a ^w4 ,:5 ! second s]vant 0 br\ght1 ! y\ng] judge guess$ fir/ & ?ird2 & ?is !y did alt]nately till all ! money 0 giv5 away4 ,:atev] s]vant _h n slept 9 ! h\se ! prec$+ night =feit$ 8 "r to ! money4 ,no acc\nt is giv5 ( ! orig9 ( ?is /range cu/om1 b x has be5 practis$ ev] s9ce ! family liv$ "h4 ,:5 ! money is gone ! s]vants h full lib]ty to dr9k1 dance1 s+1 & g to b$ :5 !y please4 ,br& 7,pop4 ,antiq4 #ahdi1 vol4 i4 p4 #dgb71 speak+ ( ?is cu/om1 says1 c x be :at ,aubrey1 9 8 introduction to 8 ,survey ( ,wilt%ire1 calls 8,cob-loaf-/eal+80 ,,york%ire4 ,!re is 9 ,york%ire a cu/om1 :i* has be5 by ! c\ntry p m or less reviv$1 ev] s9ce ! alt]ation 9 ! /yle & cal5d>1 namely1 ( wat*+1 on ! midnight ( ! new & old ,*ri/mas ,eve1 by beehives1 to det]m9e ^u ! "r ,*ri/mas f ! humm+ noise :i* !y suppose ! bees w make :5 ! bir? ( our ,savi\r took place4--,g5t4 ,mag4 #ahaa1 vol4 lxxxi4 "p4 i4 p4 #dbd4 ,*ri/mas ,eve 9 ,york%ire1 says a writ] 9 ,"t's ,telescope 7#ahbb1 p4 #bih71 is celebrat$ 9 a peculi> mann] at eight o'clock 9 ! ev5+ ! bells greet 8,old ,fa!r ,*ri/mas0 ) a m]ry peal1 ! *ildr5 p>ade ! /reets ) drums1 trumpets1 bells1 or p]haps1 9 _! abs5ce1 ) ! pok] & %ovel1 tak5 f _! humble cottage fire2 ! yule c&le is light$1 &-- 8,high on ! *e]ful fire ,is blaz+ se5 ?' enorm\s ,*ri/mas br&40 ,supp] is s]v$1 ( :i* "o di%1 f ! lordly mansion to ! humble/ %$1 is inv>iably furmety2 yule cake1 "o ( :i* is always made = ea* individual 9 ! family1 & o!r m sub/antial vi&s are also add$4 ,at ,/4 ,cu?b]t's ,*ur*1 ,ackwor?1 a %eaf ( corn 0 at "o "t susp5d$ on ,*ri/mas ,eve outside ! por*1 = ! especial b5efit ( ! birds4--,n4 ,q4 #crd ,s4 vol4 ii4 p4 #eje2 see ,n4 ,q4 #crd ,s4 vol4 iii4 p4 #aag4 ,at ,dewsbury1 "o ( ! *ur* bells is toll$ z at a fun]al2 ?is is call$ ! ,devil's ,knell1 ! moral ( :i* is t 8! ,devil di$ :5 ,*ri/ 0 born40 ,?is cu/om 0 discont9u$ = _m ye>s1 b reviv$ by ! vic> 9 #ahbh4--,timbs' ,some?+ = ,ev]ybody1 #ahfa1 p4 #aej4 ,at ,ripon1 on ,*ri/mas ,eve1 ! groc]s s5d ea* ( _! cu/om]s a p\nd or half ( currants & rais9s to make a ,*ri/mas pudd+4 ,! *&l]s also s5d l>ge m\ld c&les1 & ! coop]s logs ( wood1 g5]ally call$ yule clogs1 :i* are always us$ on ,*ri/mas ,eve2 b %\ld x be s l>ge z n to be all burnt t night1 :i* is frequ5tly ! case1 ! rema9s are kept till old ,*ri/mas ,eve4--,g5t4 ,mag4 #agij1 vol4 lx4 p4 #gai4 ,cole 9 8 ,hi/orical ,sket*es ( ,scalby1 ,burni/on1 & ,cl\ghton 7#ahbi1 p4 #de7 says ! village *ori/]s belong+ to ,scalby assemble on ,*ri/mas ,eve1 & rema9 out ! :ole night s++ at ! pr9cipal h\ses4 ,,irel&4 ,a correspond5t ( ,n4 ,q4 7#crd ,s4 vol4 viii4 p4 #die7 says t1 9 ! s\?-ea/ ( ,irel& on ,*ri/mas ,eve1 p h>dly g to b$ at all1 & ! fir/ :o ann\nces ! cr[+ ( ! cock1 if a male1 is rew>d$ ) a cup ( tea1 9 :i* is mix$ a glass ( spirits2 if a female1 ) ! tea only1 b z a sub/itute = ! :isky %e is salut$ ) half-a-doz5 ( kisses4 ,,dec4 #be4 ,,*ri/mas ,,day4 ,/4 ,*ryso/om in=ms u t1 9 ! primitive times1 ,*ri/mas & ,epiphany 7 celebrat$ at "o & ! same fea/ 7,homil4 9 ,diem ,nativ4 ,d4 ,n4 ,j4 ,*ri/i1 ,op]a1 edit4 ,monfaucon1 tom4 iii471 probably f a belief t ! ris+ ( ! /> 9 ! ,ea/ & ! bir? ( ,*ri/ 7 simultane\s4 ,! sep>ation took place at ! ,c\ncil ( ,nice1 ,a4,d4 #cbe4 ,! ,arm5ians1 h[ev]1 cont9u$ to make b "o fea/ ( ! two z late z ! ?irte5? c5tury4 ,! le>n$ h long be5 divid$ ^u ! precise day ( ! ,nativity4 ,"s h fix$ x at ! ,passov]2 o!rs1 among/ :om 0 ,ar*bi%op ,u%]1 at ! fea/ ( ,tab]nacles2 & x has be5 obs]v$ t1 if o!rs 7 wat*+ _! flocks :5 x occurr$ 9 ! field by night1 x w\ld h>dly h happ5$ 9 ! dep? ( w9t]4 ,be ?is z x may1 ! #be? ( ,decemb] has be5 ! day mo/ g5]ally fix$ ^u f ! e>lie/ ages ( ! ,*ur*4 ,sir ,isaac ,newton1 9 8 ,comm5t>y on ! ,prophecies ( ,daniel 7,"p ,i4 *ap4 ii4 p4 #add71 has a *apt]1 8,( ! ,times ( ! ,bir? & ,passion ( our ,savi\r10 9 :i* he acc\nts = ! *oice ( ! #be? ( ,decemb]1 ! w9t] sol/ice1 by %[+ t n only ! fea/ ( ! ,nativity1 b mo/ o!rs1 7 orig9ally fix$ at c>d9al po9ts ( ! ye>2 & t ! fir/ ,*ri/ian cal5d> hav+ be5 s arrang$ by ma!maticians at pleasure1 )\t any gr\nd 9 tradition1 ! ,*ri/ians aft]w>ds took up ) :at !y f\nd 9 ! cal5d>s3 s long z a fix$ "t ( commemoration 0 solemnly appo9t$ !y 7 cont5t4--,see ,b>onii ,app>atus ad ,annales ,ecclesia/icos1 fol4 ,luc1 #agdj1 p4 #dge et seq42 ,b+ham's ,antiquities ( ! ,*ri/ian ,*ur*1 lib4 xx4 cap4 #d2 a curi\s tract entitl$1 ,! ,fea/ ( ,fea/s1 or #8,! ,celebration ( ! ,sacr$ ,nativity ( our ,bless$ ,"l & ,savi\r ,jesus ,*ri/1 gr\nd$ ^u ! ,scriptures & confirm$ by ! ,practice ( ! ,*ri/ian ,*ur* 9 all ,ages2' see also ,knight's ,engli% ,cyclopdia1 #ahei1 vol4 ii4 p4 #hhb4 ,! "n giv51 says a correspond5t ( ,book ( ,days1 7vol4 ii4 p4 #gde7 by ! anci5t ,go?s & ,saxons to ! fe/ival ( ! w9t] sol/ice 0 ,jul or ,yule1 ! latt] t]m =m+ to ! pres5t day ! designation 9 ! ,scotti% dialect ( ,*ri/mas1 & pres]v$ also 9 ! phrase ( ! 8yule log40 ,p]haps ! etymology ( no t]m has excit$ great] discussions among antiqu>ies4 ,"s ma9ta9 x to be d]iv$ f ! ,greek or 1 ! "n ( a hymn 9 hon\r ( ,c]es1 o!rs say x comes f ! ,lat9 jubilum1 signify+ a "t ( rejoic+1 or f its be+ a fe/ival 9 hon\r ( ,julius ,cs>2 :il/ "s also expla9 its mean+ z synonym\s ) ol or oel1 :i* 9 ! anci5t ,go?ic language d5otes a fea/1 & also ! fav\rite liquor us$ on su* occasions :5ce our ^w ale4 ,a mu* m probable d]ivation1 h[ev]1 ( ! t]m 9 "q is f ! ,go?ic giul or hiul1 ! orig9 ( ! mod]n ^w :eel1 & be>+ ! same significance4 ,accord+ to ?is v probable explanation1 ! yule fe/ival receiv$ its "n f its be+ ! turn+-po9t ( ! ye>1 or ! p]iod at :i* ! fi]y orb ( day made a revolution 9 8 annual circuit & ent]$ on 8 nor!rn j\rney4 ,a confirmation ( ?is view is af=d$ by ! circum/ance t1 9 ! old clog almanacs1 a :eel is ! device employ$ = m>k+ ! season ( yule-tide4 ,! season ( ! ,nativity is n[ no long] m>k$ by t hospitality :i* *>act]iz$ its obs]vance among our =efa!rs4 ,at pres5t ,*ri/mas meet+s are *iefly conf9$ to family p>ties4 ,! wassail-b[l1 ! yule-clog1 & ! "l ( misrule1 ) a long tra9 ( sports & cu/oms :i* =m]ly prevail$ at ?is season are =gott51 ev5 ,*ri/mas c>ols are ne>ly gone by2 & ! deck+ ( *ur*es1 & occasionally ( h\ses1 ) holly & o!r ev]gre5s1 =ms n[ almo/ ! only indication t ?is great fe/ival is at h&4--,knight's ,engli% ,cyclopdia1 #ahei1 vol4 ii4 p4 #hhb4 ,*ri/mas1 says ,pre ,cyprian 7quot$ by ,agnes ,/rickl&1 ,lives ( ! ,que5s ( ,engl&1 #ahfe1 vol4 iv4 pp4 #cbj1 #cba71 0 always obs]v$ 9 ?is c\ntry1 especially at ! ,k+'s palaces1 ) great] c]emony ?an 9 any o!r realm 9 ,europe4 ,among o!r anci5t c]emonies1 he tells u h[ a bran* ( ! ,gla/onbury ?orn us$ to be br\ght up 9 procession1 & pres5t$ 9 great pomp to ! ,k+ & ,que5 ( ,engl& on ,*ri/mas morn+4 ,"u ! ,commonweal?4--,9 ! ,di>y ( ,john ,evelyn 7#ahei1 vol4 i4 p4 #big71 "u ! date ( ! #be? ( ,decemb]1 occurs ! foll[+3-- 8,*ri/mas ,day4 ,no s]mon any:]e1 no *ur* be+ p]mitt$ to be op51 s obs]v$ x at home40 ,aga91 "u ! same date 9 #afed 7p4 #cda71 ! /atem5t is r5ew$3 8,*ri/mas ,day4 ,no *ur*es or public assembly4 ,i 0 fa9 to pass ! devotions ( t ,bless$ ,day ) my family at home40 ,allud+ to ! obs]vance ( ,*ri/mas ,day 9 #afeg1 ! same writ] says3-- 8,i w5t to ,london ) my wife to celebrate ,*ri/mas ,day1 ,mr4 ,gunn+ prea*+ 9 ,exet] ,*apel1 on ,micah1 vii4 #b4 ,s]mon end$2 z he 0 giv+ u ! ,holy ,sacram5t ! *apel 0 surr\nd$ ) soldi]s1 & all ! communicants & assembly surpris$ & kept prison]s by !m1 "s 9 ! h\se1 o!rs c>ri$ away4 ,x fell to my %>e to be conf9$ to a room 9 ! h\se1 :]e yet ,i 0 p]mitt$ to d9e ) ! ma/] ( x1 ! ,c\ntess ( ,dorset1 ,lady ,hatton1 & "s o!rs ( quality :o invit$ me4 ,9 ! aft]noon came ,colonel ,:alley1 ,g(fe1 & o!rs f ,:itehall to exam9e u "o by "o2 "s !y committ$ to ! ,m>%al1 "s to prison4 ,:5 ,i came be=e !m !y took my "n & abode1 exam9$ me :y1 contr>y to ! ord9ance made t none %\ld any long] obs]ve ! sup]/iti\s "t ( ! ,nativity 7z e/eem$ by !m71 ,i dur/ (f5d1 & p>ticul>ly be at ,common ,pray]s1 :i* !y told me 0 b ! mass 9 ,engli%1 & p>ticul>ly pray = ,*>les ,/u>t1 = :i* we _h no ,scripture4 ,i told !m we did n pray = ,*>les ,/u>t1 b = all ,*ri/ian k+s1 pr9ces1 & gov]nors4 ,!y repli$1 9 s do+ we pray$ = ! k+ ( ,spa9 too1 :o 0 _! enemy & a ,papi/2 ) o!r frivol\s & ensn>+ que/ions & mu* ?reat5+1 &1 f9d+ no col\r to deta9 me1 !y dismiss$ me ) mu* pity ( my ignorance4 ,^! 7 m5 ( high flight & above ord9ances1 & spake spiteful ?+s ( our ,"l's ,nativity4 ,z we w5t up to receive ! sacram5t ! miscreants held _! muskets aga9/ u1 z if !y w\ld h %ot u at ! alt>1 b yet suff]+ u to f9i% ! (fice ( communion1 z p]haps n hav+ in/ructions :at to d 9 case !y f\nd u 9 t action2 s ,i got home late ! next day1 bless$ be ,god60 ,9 a tract entitl$ ,r\nd ab\t our ,coal-,fire1 is ! foll[+ acc\nt ( ! mann] 9 :i* ,*ri/mas 0 obs]v$ 9 days gone by3--,an ,engli% g5tleman at ! op5+ ( ! great day1 i4e41 on ,*ri/mas ,day 9 ! morn+1 _h all 8 t5ants & neighb\rs ent] 8 hall by daybreak4 ,! /rong be] 0 broa*$1 & ! black-jacks w5t pl5tifully ab\t ) toa/1 sug>1 nutmeg1 & good ,*e%ire *eese4 ,! hack9 7! great sausage7 mu/ be boil$ by daybreak1 or else two "y m5 mu/ take ! maid5 7i4e41 ! cook7 by ! arms1 & run h] r\nd ! m>ket-place till %e is a%am$ ( h] laz9ess4 ,9 ,*ri/mas holidays1 ! tables 7 all spread f ! fir/ to ! la/2 ! sirlo9s ( beef1 ! m9c$ pies1 ! plum-porridge1 ! capons1 turkeys1 geese1 & plum-pudd+s1 7 all br\ght ^u ! bo>d4 ,e "o eat he>tily1 & 0 welcome1 :i* gave rise to ! prov]b1 8,m]ry 9 ! hall :5 be>ds wag all40--,br&1 ,pop4 ,antiq4 #ahdi1 vol4 i4 p4 #eca4 ,bo>'s ,head4--,aubrey1 9 a ,,ms4 dat$ #afgh1 says3 8,be=e ! la/ civil w>s1 9 g5tlem5's h\ses at ,*ri/mas1 ! fir/ diet t 0 br\ght to table 0 a bo>'s head ) a lemon 9 8 m\?40 ,*ri/mas ,book4--,a book 9 :i* p 7 accu/om$ to keep an acc\nt ( ! ,*ri/mas pres5ts !y receiv$4--,n>es' ,gloss>y 7,halliwell & ,wright71 #aheg1 vol4 i4 p4 #aa4 ,bu/>d4--,! bu/>d1 says ,timbs 7,some?+ = ,ev]ybody1 #ahfa1 p4 #adh71 has almo/ disappe>$2 b )9 memory x might be se5 9 ! ,*ri/mas l>d]s ( l>ge inns4 ,*ri/mas ,c&les4--,^? 7 c&les ( an uncommon size1 & ! "n has desc5d$ to ! small c&les :i* *ildr5 light up at ?is season4 ,hampson 7,m$4 vi ,kal5d4 vol4 i4 p4 #aji71 allud+ to ! cu/om1 says1 9 "s places c&les are made ( a p>ticul> k9d1 because ! c&le t is light$ on ,*ri/mas ,day mu/ be s l>ge z to burn f ! "t ( its ignition to ! close ( ! day1 o!rwise x w port5d evil to ! family = ! ensu+ ye>4 ,! poor 7 wont to pres5t ! ri* ) wax tap]s1 & yule c&les are /ill 9 ! nor? ( ,scotl& giv5 by m]*ants to _! cu/om]s4 ,at "o "t *ildr5 at ! village s*ools 9 ,lanca%ire 7 requir$ to br+ ea* a m\ld c&le be=e ! p>t+ or sep>ation = ! ,*ri/mas holidays4 ,*ri/mas ,c>ols4--,! ,*ri/mas c>ol 7said to be d]iv$ f cant>e to s+1 & rola1 an int]jection ( joy7 is ( v anci5t date4 ,bi%op ,taylor obs]ves t ! #8,gloria 9 ,excelsis1' ! well-kn[n hymn sung by ! angels to ! %eph]ds at our ,"l's ,nativity1 0 ! e>lie/ ,*ri/mas c>ol4 ,9 ! e>ly ages ( ! ,*ur* bi%ops 7 accu/om$ to s+ ^! sacr$ canticles among _! cl]gy4 ,! olde/ pr9t$ collections 9 ,engl& are ^? ( ,wynkyn de ,worde1 #aeba1 & ( ,kele soon aft]4 ,w>ton1 9 8 ,hi/ory ( ,engli% ,poetry1 notices a lic5ce grant$ 9 #aefb to ,john ,tysdale = pr9t+ 8,c]tayne goodly c>[les to be songe to ! glory ( ,god20 & aga91 8,cre/5mas c>[les auctoris%$ by my "l ( ,london40 ,see ,n4 ,q4 #d? ,s4 vol4 x4 p4 #dhe4 ,9 ! sixte5? c5tury ! popul>ity ( c>ol-s++ occasion$ ! publication ( a duodecimo volume1 publi%$ 9 #afdb1 entitl$1 8,psalmes or ,songs ( ,sion1 turn$ into ! language1 & set to ! tunes ( a /range l&4 ,by ,w7illiam7 ,s7layt]71 int5d$ = ,*ri/mas c>ols1 & fitt$ to div]s ( ! mo/ not$ & common b solemne tunes1 ev]y:]e 9 ?is l& famili>ly us$ & kn[ne40--,see ,a!num1 ,decemb] #bj?1 #ahef2 ,s&y's ,*ri/mas ,c>ols1 #ahcc4 ,decorations4--,tradition1 says ,phillips 9 8 ,sylva ,florif]a 7#ahbc1 vol4 i4 p4 #bha71 ass]ts t ! fir/ ,*ri/ian *ur* 9 ,brita9 0 built ( b\ghs1 & t ?is plan 0 adopt$ z m likely to attract ! notice ( ! p because ! hea!ns built _! temples 9 t mann]1 probably to imitate ! temples ( ,saturn :i* 7 always "u ! oak4 ,! great fea/ ( ,saturn 0 held 9 ,decemb]1 & z ! oaks ( ?is c\ntry 7 !n )\t leaves1 ! prie/s oblig$ ! p to br+ 9 b\ghs & sprigs ( ev]gre5s2 & ,*ri/ians1 on ! #bj? ( ! same mon?1 did likewise1 f :5ce orig9at$ ! pres5t cu/om ( plac+ holly & o!r ev]gre5s 9 our *ur*es & h\ses to %[ ! arrival ( ! fea/ ( ,*ri/mas4 ,! "n ( holly is a corruption ( ! ^w holy1 z ,dr4 ,turn]1 our e>lie/ writ] on plants1 calls x ,holy & ,holy tree4 ,x has a great v>iety ( names 9 ,g]many1 among/ :i* is ,*ri/dorn2 9 ,dani% x is also call$ ,*ri/orn2 & 9 ,sw$i% ,*ri/torn1 among/ o!r appellations4 ,a correspond5t ( ,book ( ,days1 speak+ ( ?is cu/om 7vol4 ii41 p4 #gec71 says ! deck+ ( *ur*es1 h\ses1 & %ops ) ev]gre5s at ,*ri/mas spr+s f a p]iod f> ant]ior to ! revelation ( ,*ri/ianity1 & seems proximately to be d]iv$ f ! cu/om preval5t dur+ ! ,saturnalia ( ! inhabitants ( ,rome1 ornam5t+ _! temples & dwell+s ) gre5 b\ghs4 ,! fav\rite plants = *ur* decoration at ,*ri/mas are holly1 bay1 rosem>y1 & laurel4 ,ivy is r objectionable1 f its associations1 hav+ anci5tly be5 sacr$ to ,bac*us4 ,cypress seems inappropriate f its fun]eal relations4 ,"o plant1 9 special1 is exclud$--! mi/letoe4 ,ibid4 p4 #gec4 ,game ,pies4--,^! 7 =m]ly made at ! season ( ,*ri/mas4 ,9 ! books ( ! ,salt]s' ,company1 ,london1 is ! foll[+-- 8,receipt4 ,fit to make a moo/ *oyce paa/e ( gamys to be et5 at ye ,fe/e ( ,*ry/masse0 7#ag? ,ri*>d ,,ii ,a4,d4 #acid74 ,a pie s made by ! company's cook 9 #ahcf 0 f\nd excell5t4 ,x consi/$ ( a pheasant1 h>e1 & a capon2 two p>tridges1 two pigeons1 & two rabbits2 all bon$ & put into pa/e 9 ! %ape ( a bird1 ) ! liv]s & he>ts1 two mutton kidneys1 =c$ meats1 & egg-balls1 season+1 spice1 catsup & pickl$ mu%rooms1 fill$ up ) gravy made f ! v>i\s bones4--,see ,timbs' ,some?+ = ,ev]ybody1 #ahfa1 p4 #adh4 ,m9ce ,pies4--,^! 7 popul> "u ! "n ( 8mutton pies0 s e>ly z #aeif3 ,book ( ,days1 vol4 ii4 p4 #gee4 ,!y 7 also kn[n z ,%r$ & ,*ri/mas pies4 ,?us1 9 ,%epp>d's ,epigrams 7#afea1 p4 #aba71 we f9d ! foll[+3-- 8,no matt] = plomb-porridge or ,%rid pies20 & ,h]rick1 allud+ to ! cu/om ( sett+ a wat* ^u ! pies ! night be=e ,*ri/mas1 says3 8,come gu>d ?is night ! ,*ri/mas pie1 ,t ! ?ief1 ?\gh ne'er s sly1 ,) 8 fle%-hooks don't come nigh1 ,to cat* x40 ,br& 7,pop4 ,antiq4 #ahdi1 vol4 i4 p4 #ebg71 quot+ f an old tract1 pr9t$ ab\t ! "t ( ,elizabe?1 or ,james ,i41 says !y 7 also call$ ,m9*$ pies4 ,seld51 9 8 ,table ,talk1 tells u t m9ce pies 7 bak$ 9 a c(f9-%ap$ cru/1 int5d$ to repres5t ! crat* or mang] :]e9 ! infant ,jesus 0 laid4 ,?is /atem5t may be reg>d$1 h[ev]1 z improbable1 z 9 old ,engli% cook]y books ! cru/ ( a pie is g5]ally call$ 8! c(f940 ,m9c$ pies1 says ,timbs 7,some?+ = ,ev]ybody1 #ahfa1 p4 #adi71 7 d]iv$ f ! pa/e images & sweetmeats giv5 to ! ,fa!rs ( ! ,vatican at ,rome on ,*ri/mas ,eve4 ,eat+ m9c$ pies at ,*ri/mas 0 =m]ly a te/ ( or?odoxy aga9/ recusants4 ,mi/letoe4--,at :at p]iod mi/letoe came to be recognis$ z a ,*ri/mas ev]gre51 is n by any means c]ta94 ,we h ,*ri/mas c>ols 9 praise ( holly & ivy ( ev5 e>li] date ?an ! fifte5? c5tury1 b allusion to mi/letoe c sc>cely be f\nd = two c5turies lat]1 or be=e ! "t ( ,h]rick4 ,coles1 too1 9 8 ,k ( ,plants1 #afef1 says ( mi/letoe1 8x is c>ri$ _m miles to set up 9 h\ses ab\t ,*ri/mas-"t1 :5 x is adorn$ ) a :ite gli/5+ b]ry40 ,9 ! tract1 ,r\nd ab\t our ,coal-,fire1 publi%$ e>ly 9 ! la/ c5tury1 we are told ! rooms 7 emb[]$ ) holly1 ivy1 cypress1 bays1 laurel1 & mi/letoe4 ,br& 7,pop4 ,antiq41 #ahdi1 vol4 i4 p4 #ebc7 ?9ks t mi/letoe 0 nev] put 9 *ur*es among ev]gre5s b by mi/ake or ignorance2 =1 says he1 x 0 ! hea!ni%1 or pr(ane plant1 z hav+ be5 ( su* di/9ction 9 ! pagan rites ( druidism1 & x _h its place !re=e assign$ x 9 kit*5s1 :]e x 0 hung 9 great /ate4--,see ,timbs' ,?+s ,n ,g5]ally ,kn[n1 #ahef1 pp4 #aei-afj4 ,"l ( ,misrule4--,8 (fice 0 to preside ov] ! fe/ivities ( ,*ri/mas1 & 8 duties consi/$ 9 direct+ ! v>i\s revels ( ! season4 ,9 "s great families1 & occasionally at ,c\rt1 he 0 also call$ ! ,abbot ( ,misrule1 correspond+ ) ! ,fr5* ,abb de ,liesse1 a ^w :i* implies m]rim5t4 ,/[1 9 8 ,survey ( ,london1 allud+ to ?is :imsical cu/om says3--8,9 ! fea/ ( ,*ri/mas !re 0 9 ! k+'s h\se1 :]esoev] he lodg$1 a ,"l ( ,misrule1 or ma/] ( m]ry disports1 & ! l1 _h ye 9 ! h\se ( e nobleman ( hon\r1 or good wor%ip1 7 he spiritual or temporal4 ,! ,mayor ( ,london1 & ei!r ( ! %]iffs1 _h _! sev]al lords ( misrule1 ev] cont5d+1 )\t qu>rel or (f5ce1 :o %\ld make ! r>e/ pa/ime to delight ! behold]s1 ^! lords beg9n+ _! rule at ,allhall[$ ,eve1 cont9u$ ! same till ! morr[ aft] ! ,fea/ ( ! ,purification1 commonly call$ ,c&lemas ,day1 9 :i* space !re 7 f9e & subtle disguis+s1 masks1 & mumm]ies1 ) play+ at c>ds = c\nt]s1 nayles1 & po9ts1 9 e h\se1 m = pa/imes ?an = game40 ,lel& 7,collectanea de ,rebus ,anglicis1 #aggj1 vol4 iii41 ,app5d4 p4 #bef71 speak+ ( ! ye> #d ,h5ry ,,vii41 #adhi1 says3--8,?is ,*ri/mas ,i saw no disguis+s1 & b "r few playes2 b !re 0 an ,abbot ( ,misrule t made mu* sport1 & did "r well 8 (fice40 ,x appe>s t l>ge sums ( money 7 exp5d$ by ?is k+ ^u ^! masqu]ades & sports1 z ! foll[+ extracts f 8 8,privy ,purse ,exp5ses0 w %[3-- 8,dec4 #bd 7#adia74 ,to ,r+ley1 ,lorde ( ,mysrewle1 ^u a pre/e1 #el4 8,oct4 #bd 7#adib74 ,to ,r+ley1 ,abbot ( ,mysreule1 #el4 8,jan4 #b 7#adid74 ,= play+ ( ! ,m\rice daunce1 #bl4 8,jan4 #ae 7#adid74 ,to ,walt] ,alwyn1 9 full paym5t = ! disguis+ made at ,*ri/5mas1 #adl4 #cs4 #d;d4 8,m>* #c 7#adij74 ,to ,jacques ,haulte1 9 full paym5t = ! disguis+ at ,*ri/5mas1 #cbl4 #ahs4 #f;d4 8,jan4 #b 7#aejc74 ,to ! ,abbot ( ,misrule1 9 rew>de1 #fa4 #acs4 #d;d4 8,feb4 #ab 7#aejc74 ,to ,lewis ,adams1 t made disguys+s1 #ajl40 ,! ,"l or ,abbot ( ,misrule at ,c\rt1 says ,hampson1 7,m$4 vi ,kal5d4 vol4 i4 p4 #aag7 0 usually a writ] ( int]ludes & plays1 & ! (fice 0 n unfrequ5tly held by a poet ( "s reputation4 ,su*1 = example1 0 ,george ,f]r]s1 89 ^: pa/imes ,edw>d ! ,six?10 we are told by ,w>ton1 8_h great delight40 ,!re c be no d\bt1 h[ev]1 t sc&al\s abuses (t5 result$ f ! exub]ant lic5ce assum$ by ! "l ( misrule & 8 satellites1 & consequ5tly we f9d _! proce$+s d5\nc$ 9 no measur$ t]ms by ,prynne1 & o!r zeal\s puritans4--,see ,book ( ,days1 vol4 ii4 p4 #gdb4 ,/ubbes1 a morose puritan 9 ! days ( ,elizabe?1 d5om9ates ! "l ( misrule 8a gr& capta9e ( mis*iefe10 & has pres]v$ a m9ute description ( all 8 wild do+s 9 ! c\ntry1 ( :i* ! foll[+ is a summ>y4 ,he says t ! "l ( misrule on be+ select$1 takes tw5ty to sixty o!rs1 8lyke hymself10 to act z 8 gu>d1 :o are decorat$ ) ribb&s & sc>fs & bells on _! legs4 ,?us1 all ?+s set 9 ord]1 !y h _! hobby-horses1 _! dragons1 & o!r antiques1 toge!r ) ! gaudie pip]s & ?und]yng drumm]s1 & /rike up ! devill's dance )al4 ,s !y m>* to ! *ur*1 invad+ x1 ev5 ?\gh s]vice be p]=m+1 ) su* a confus$ noyse t no man c he> 8 own voice4 ,!n !y adj\rn to ! *ur*y>d1 :]e boo?s are set up1 & ! re/ ( ! day sp5t 9 danc+ & dr9k+4 ,! foll[]s ( 8,my ,"l0 g ab\t to collect money = ?is1 giv+ 9 return 8badges & cognizances0 to we> 9 ! hat3 & d n scruple to insult1 or ev5 duck1 su* z w n contribute4 ,b1 adds ,/ubbes1 ano!r sort ( fanta/icall fooles are well pleas$ to br+ all sorts ( food & dr9k to furni% out ! fea/4--,see ,disraeli1 ,curiosities ( ,lit]ature1 #aheh1 vol4 ii4 p4 #bfb2 & ,/rutt's ,sports & ,pa/imes ( ! ,p ( ,engl&1 p4 #bed4 ,mumm]s4--,^! 7 amusem5ts d]iv$ f ! ,saturnalia1 & s call$ f ! ,dani% ,mumme1 or ,dut* ,momme1 disguise 9 a mask4 ,*ri/mas 0 ! gr& sc5e ( mumm+1 & "s mumm]s 7 disguis$ l be>s1 o!rs l unicorns1 br++ pres5ts4 ,^? :o c\ld n procure masks rubb$ _! faces ) soot1 or pa9t$ !m4 ,9 ! ,*ri/mas mumm]ies ! *ief aim 0 to surprise by ! oddity ( ! masques & s+ul>ity & spl5d\r ( ! dresses4 ,ev]y?+ 0 out ( nature & propriety4 ,!y 7 (t5 att5d$ ) an exhibition ( gorge\s ma*9]y4--,fosbroke's ,encylopdia ( ,antiquities1 #ahdj1 p4 #ffi2 see ,/rutt's ,sports & ,pa/imes1 #ahja1 pp4 #abd1 #ahi1 #aij2 also ,n4 ,q4 #bnd ,s4 vol4 x4 pp4 #dfd1 #dfe1 vol4 xi4 p4 #bga1 vol4 xii4 p4 #djg2 #crd ,s4 vol4 i4 p4 #ff1 vol4 iv4 p4 #dhf4 ,pantomime4--,! ,*ri/mas pantomime or h>lequ9ade is1 9 its pres5t %ape1 ess5tially a ,briti% ent]ta9m5t1 & 0 fir/ introduc$ into ?is c\ntry by a danc+ ma/] ( ,%rewsbury nam$ ,weav] 9 #agjb4 ,"o ( 8 pantomimes1 entitl$ ,! ,loves ( ,m>s & ,v5us1 met ) great success4 ,! arrival1 9 ! ye> #agag1 9 ,london ( a tr\pe ( ,fr5* pantomimi/s ) p]=m+ dogs1 gave an impetus to ?is k9d ( drama1 :i* 0 fur!r develop$ 9 #ageh by ! arrival ( ! ,grimaldi family1 ! head ( :i* 0 a po/ure-ma/] & d5ti/4 ,"u ! auspices ( ?is family ! art ( produc+ pantomimes 0 greatly cultivat$1 & ! ent]ta9m5t mu* reli%$4 ,joseph ,grimaldi1 ! son ( ! d5ti/1 0 clev] at inv5t+ tricks & devis+ ma*9]y1 & ,"m ,goose1 & o!rs ( 8 h>lequ9ades1 _h an ext5d$ run4 ,at t "t ! wit ( ! cl[n 0 ! great feature1 b1 by-&-by1 z good cl[ns became sc>ce1 o!r adjuncts 7 suppli$1 su* z panoramas or dioramic views2 & n[ ! *ief reliance ( ! manag] is on sc5ic effects1 l>ge sums ( money be+ lavi%$ on ! mise en scne4 ,?is is p>ticul>ly ! case z reg>ds ! trans=mation sc5e--i4e41 ! sc5e :]e ! *>act]s are *ang$ into cl[n1 h>lequ91 c41 z mu* z #ajjjl4 be+ frequ5tly sp5t on ?is "o ef=t4 ,9 ,london alone a sum ( #dj1jjjl4 is annually exp5d$ at ,*ri/mas "t on pantomimes4 ,! ,k+ ( ! ,peacocks1 a pantomime produc$ at ! ,london ,lyceum ,!atre dur+ ! managem5t ( ,madame ,ve/ris1 co/ upw>ds ( #cjjj4 ,ev5 prov9cial !atres1 su* z ^? ( ,man*e/] or ,ed9burgh1 consid] x "r to g to consid]able exp5se 9 ! production ( _! ,*ri/mas pantomime4--,*amb]s' ,encyclopdia1 #ahgd1 vol4 vii4 p4 #bcg2 see ,disraeli's ,curiosities ( ,lit]ature1 #aheh1 pp4 #aaf-acj2 ,n4 ,q4 #d? ,s4 vol4 v4 pp4 #aic-ie4 ,plum-,porridge4--,?is1 says ,misson1 0 a 8sort ( s\p ) plumbs1 :i* is n at all inf]ior to ! pye40 ,dr4 ,rimbault says1 0 n ?is ! same z plum-pudd+8 ,pudd+ 0 =m]ly us$ 9 ! s5se ( /uff+ or =ce-meat1 z we n[ say black-pudd+s4 ,porridge1 on ! o!r h&1 0 us$ 9 ! s5se ( our pudd+4 ,?us ,%akspe>e talks ( 8porridge aft] meat10 mean+ pudd+ aft] meat4--,n4 ,q4 #bnd ,s4 vol4 xii4 p4 #dhi4 ,snapdragon4--,a v fav\rite pa/ime at ?is season4 ,al?\gh s preval5t 9 ,engl&1 x is almo/ unkn[n 9 ,scotl&4--,see ,book ( ,days1 vol4 ii4 p4 #gch4 ,a writ] 9 ! ,pantalogia 7#ahac1 vol4 x47 ?us describes ?is sport3--,x is a k9d ( play1 9 :i* br&y is set on fire1 & rais9s ?r[n into x1 :i* ^? :o are unus$ to ! sport are afraid to take out1 b :i* may be safely snat*$ by a quick motion & put blaz+ into ! m\?1 :i* be+ clos$1 ! fire is at once ext+ui%$4 ,a correspond5t ( ,n4 ,q4 7#bnd ,s4 vol4 vii4 p4 #bgg7 sugge/s z a d]ivation ! ,g]man s*napps1 _s1 & dra*e1 dragon1 & t x is equival5t to _s-fire4 ,! game has also be5 call$ flap- & slap-dragon at diff]5t times4 ,%akspe>e1 = example1 9 ! second "p ( ,h5ry ,,iv4 act ii4 sc4 #d1 makes ,fal/aff answ]3 8,& dr9ks (f c&les' ends = flap-dragons40 ,& 9 ,love's ,lab\rs ,lo/1 act v4 sc4 #a3 8,?\ art easi] swall[$ ?an a flap-dragon40 ,see also ! ,tatl]1 ,no4 #he4 ,*ri/mas ,sports4--,among ! v>i\s games & sports ( an old5 ,*ri/mas1 says ,dr4 ,rimbault1 7 c>d-play+1 *ess1 & draughts1 jack-pudd+ 9 ! hall2 fiddl]s & musicians1 :o 7 regal$ ) a black-jack ( be] & a ,*ri/mas pie2 also s++ ! wassail1 scrambl+ = nuts1 cakes1 & apples2 danc+ r\nd /&>ds decorat$ ) ev]gre5s 9 ! /reets2 ! fam\s old hobby-horse1 hunt+ owls & squirrels1 ! fool pl\gh1 hot cockles1 & ! game ( hoodman-bl9d4--,n4 ,q4 #bnd ,s4 vol4 xii4 p4 #dhi4 ,*ri/mas ,tree4--,v>i\s sugge/ions h be5 made z to ! orig9 ( ! ,*ri/mas tree4 ,mr4 ,timbs1 9 8 ,some?+ = ,ev]ybody 7#ahfa1 p4 #abg71 sugge/s its be+ traceable to ! anci5t ,egyptians & _! palm-tree1 :i* produces a bran* e mon?1 & !re=e held to be emblematical ( ! ye>4 ,! ,g]mans may be said to claim x z peculi> to !mselves1 z be+ indicative ( _! atta*m5t to ,*ri/ianity2 !y id5tify x ) ! apo/olic lab\rs ( ,/4 ,mat]nus1 "o ( ! e>lie/1 if n ! v fir/1 ( ! prea*]s ( ! ,gospel among !m4 ,!y h a leg5d ( 8 sleep+ "u a fir-tree1 & ( a miracle t occurr$ on t occasion4 ,mr4 ,mac,cabe 7,n4 ,q4 #crd ,s4 vol4 viii4 p4 #dhi71 h[ev]1 ?9ks ! ,*ri/mas tree is traceable to ! ,roman ,saturnalia1 & 0 n improbably fir/ import$ into ,g]many ) ! conqu]+ legions ( ,drusus4 ,! ,*ri/mas tree1 su* z we n[ see x1 ) its p5d5t toys & mannik9s1 is di/9ctly portray$ 9 a s+le l9e ( ,virgil 7,georg4 ii4 #chi73 8,oscilla ex alta susp5dunt mollia p9u40 ,consult ,smi?'s ,diction>y ( ,greek & ,roman ,antiquities 7#ahdi1 #bnd ed4 p4 #hdf1 9 v]b4 8oscillum071 :]e !re is giv5 an engrav+ 8f an anci5t gem 7,maffei1 ,gem4 ,ant4 iii4 #fd7 repres5t+ a tree ) f\r oscilla hung ^u its bran*es40 ,any "o look+ into t valuable "w w see at once t x is an exact picture ( a ,*ri/mas tree4 ,a correspond5t ( ,book ( ,days 7vol4 ii4 p4 #ghg7 says1 )9 ! la/ tw5ty ye>s1 & app>5tly s9ce ! m>riage ( ,que5 ,victoria ) ,pr9ce ,alb]t1 previ\s to :i* "t x 0 almo/ unkn[n 9 ?is c\ntry1 ! ,*ri/mas tree has be5 introduc$ into ,engl& ) ! greate/ success4 ,! ,vessel-,cup4--,!re is a v pretty cu/om1 n[ ne>ly obsolete1 ( be>+ ! 8vessel10 or1 m prop]ly ! wassail-cup1 at ,*ri/mas4 ,?is consi/s ( a box conta9+ two dolls1 dress$ up to repres5t ! ,virg9 & ! ,infant ,*ri/1 decorat$ ) ribbons & surr\nd$ by fl[]s & apples2 ! box has usually a glass lid1 is cov]$ ov] by a :ite napk91 & c>ri$ f door to door on ! arms ( a woman2 on ! top1 or 9 ! box1 a *9a bason is plac$1 & ! be>] on rea*+ a h\se1 uncov]$ ! box & sung ! c>ol kn[n z ! 8,sev5 ,joys ( ! ,virg940 ,! c>ry+ ( ! 8vessel-cup0 is a =tuit\s speculation1 z x is consid]$ s unlucky to s5d any "o away unrequit$1 t few c be f\nd ^: tem]ity is s great z to det] !m f giv+ "s halfp5ce to ! s+]4 ,9 ,york%ire1 =m]ly1 only "o image us$ to be c>ri$ ab\t--t ( ! ,savi\r1 :i* 0 plac$ 9 a box surr\nd$ by ev]gre5s1 & su* fl[]s z c\ld be procur$ at ! season4 ,! p>ty to ^: h\se ! figure 0 c>ri$ 7 at lib]ty to take f ! decorations ( ! image a leaf or a fl[]1 :i* 0 c>efully pres]v$ & reg>d$ z a sov]eign rem$y = ! too?a*e4--,j\r4 ( ,ar*4 ,assoc4 #ahec1 vol4 viii4 p4 #ch2 ,book ( ,days1 #ahfd1 vol4 ii4 p4 #gbe2 ,br&1 ,pop4 ,antiq4 vol4 i4 p4 #ded4 ,turkey4--,! turkey has grac$ ! ,*ri/mas table f ! date ( its introduction into ,engl&1 ab\t ! ye> #aebd4 ,tuss] m5tions ! bird z =m+ "p ( ! ,*ri/mas f>e 9 #aehg3 8,beefe1 mutton1 & porke1 %r$ pies ( ! be/2 ,pig1 veale1 goose1 & capon1 & turkie well dre/40 ,waits4--,musicians :o play by night = two or ?ree weeks be=e ,*ri/mas1 t]m9at+ _! p]=mances g5]ally on ,*ri/mas ,eve4 ,x is unc]ta91 says a correspond5t ( ,book ( ,days 7vol ii4 p4 #gdb71 :e!r ! t]m ,waits d5ot$ orig9ally musical in/rum5ts1 a p>ticul> k9d ( music1 or ! p]sons :o play$ "u c]ta9 special circum/ances4 ,!re is evid5ce 9 support ( all ^! views4 ,at "o "t ! "n ( waits 0 giv5 to m9/rels atta*$ to ! k+'s c\rt1 ^: duty x 0 to gu>d ! /reets at night & proclaim ! h\r1 some?+ 9 ! same mann] z ! wat*m5 7 wont to d 9 ,london be=e ! e/abli%m5t ( ! metropolitan police4 ,d[n to ! ye> #ahbj1 p]haps lat]1 says ! same writ] 7p4 #gdc71 ! waits _h a c]ta9 degree ( (ficial recognition 9 ! cities ( ,london & ,we/m9/]4 ,9 ,london1 ! po/ 0 pur*as$2 9 ,we/m9/]1 x 0 an appo9tm5t "u ! control ( ! high con/able & ! c\rt ( burgesses4 ,a police inquiry ab\t ,*ri/mas "t 9 t ye> br\ght ! matt] 9 a s+ul> way "u public notice4 ,mr4 ,clay _h be5 ! (ficial lead] ( ! waits = ,we/m9/]1 &1 on 8 dea?1 ,mr4 ,monro obta9$ ! po/4 ,hav+ employ$ a numb] ( p]sons 9 diff]5t p>ts ( ! city & lib]ties ( ,we/m9/] to s]5ade ! inhabitants1 tru/+ to _! lib]ality at ,*ri/mas z a remun]ation1 he 0 surpris$ to f9d t o!r p]sons 71 unau?oriz$1 assum+ ! "r ( play+ at night1 & mak+ applications to ! inhabitants = ,*ri/mas boxes4 ,sir ,r4 ,bak]1 ! police magi/rate1 promis$ to aid ,mr4 ,munro 9 ! ass]tion ( 8 claims1 & ! result1 9 sev]al cases1 %[$ t !re really 0 ?is 8ve/$ "r0 to *>m ! e>s ( ! citiz5s ) nocturnal music4 ,at pres5t1 h[ev]1 !re is no?+ to prev5t any numb] ( su* it9]ant m9/rels f ply+ _! midnight call+4 ,see two int]e/+ articles on ! subject by ,mr4 ,*appell 9 ,n4 ,q4 #crd ,s4 vol4 vi4 pp4 #dhi1 #eji4 ,yule-clog or ,yule-log4--,?is 0 g5]ally light$ on ,*ri/mas ,eve1 & 01 says ,soane1 z l>ge z ! he>? w\ld admit (1 or ! means ( ! rejoic]s c\ld supply2 &1 9 "s ( ! nor!rn c\nties ( ,engl&1 s long z ! log la/$1 ! s]vants 7 entitl$ to ale at _! meals4 ,at "o "t cu/om prescrib$ t x %\ld be light$ ) a br& ( ! la/ ye>'s block1 :i* _h be5 c>efully put by & pres]v$ = t purpose1 z we f9d x record$ by ,h]rick3 8,come br+ ) a noise1 ,my m]rie1 m]rie boys1 ,! ,*ri/mas log to ! fir+2 ,:ile my good dame1 %e ,bids ye all be free1 ,& dr9k to y\r he>t's desir+4 ,) ! la/ ye>'s br& ,light ! new block1 & ,= good success 9 8 sp5d+1 ,on y\r psalt]ies play ,t sweet luck may ,come :ile ! log is a ti5d+40#ia #ia ,to ,te5d is to k9dle1 or to burn1 f ! ,anglo-,saxon ,t5dan to set on fire4 ,x is also requisite t ! maid5s :o bl[ a fire1 %\ld come to ! task ) clean h&s3 8,wa% y\r h&s1 or else ! fire ,w n ti5d to y\r desire2 ,unwa%'d h&s1 ye maid5s1 "k1 ,dead ! fire ?\gh ye bl[40 ,,b]k%ire4 ,at ,cumnor ! p>i%ion]s1 :o paid vic>ial ti!s1 claim$ a cu/om ( be+ ent]ta9$ at ! vic>age1 on ! aft]noon ( ,*ri/mas ,day1 ) f\r bu%els ( malt brew$ into ale & be]1 two bu%els ( :eat made into bread1 & half a hundr$ weight ( *eese4 ,! rema9d] 0 giv5 to ! poor ! next morn+ aft] div9e s]vice4--,lysons' ,magna ,britannia1 #ahac1 vol4 i4 pt4 ii4 p4 #bga4 ,,buck+ham%ire4 ,by ! w ( ,john ,popple1 dat$ ! #ab? ( ,m>*1 #ahcj1 #dl4 ye>ly is to be paid unto ! vic>1 *ur*w>d5s1 & ov]se]s ( ! poor ( ! p>i% ( ,burnham1 to provide = ! poor p :o %\ld be resid+ 9 ! poorh\se1 a d9n]1 ) a prop] quantity ( good ale & likewise ) tobacco & snuff4--,old ,engli% ,cu/oms & ,*>ities1 #ahdb1 p4 #d4 ,up to ab\t #ahac1 a bull & bo>1 a sack ( :eat1 & a sack ( malt 7 giv5 away to ! poor by ! "l ( ! manor ( ,pr9ce's ,risbor\gh ab\t six o'clock e ,*ri/mas morn+4 ,?is practice 0 !n discont9u$1 & = ab\t five or six ye>s aft] ! discont9uance1 beef & mutton 7 di/ribut$ to ! poor ab\t ,*ri/mas 9 lieu ( ! above articles4--,ibid4 p4 #ff4 ,! foll[+ extract is tak5 f ! ,g5t4 ,mag4 7#agec1 vol4 xxiii4 p4 #di73--;,at ,qua9ton1 above two ?\s& p w5t1 ) lant]ns & c&les1 to view a black?orn 9 t neighb\rhood1 & :i* 0 rememb]$ to be a slip f ! fam\s ,gla/onbury ?orn1 & t x always budd$ on ! #bd?1 0 full bl[n ! next day1 & w5t all (f at night4 ,! p f9d+ no appe>ance ( a bud1 x 0 agre$ by all t ,decemb] #be? 7,new ,/yle7 c\ld n be ! "r ,*ri/mas ,day1 & accord+ly refus$ go+ to *ur*1 & treat+ _! fri5ds on t day z usual4 ,at l5g? ! affair became s s]i\s1 t ! m9i/]s ( ! neighb\r+ villages1 9 ord] to appease !m1 ?\ght x prud5t to give notice t ! ,old ,*ri/mas ,day %\ld be kept holy z be=e4 ,?is fam\s haw?orn 0 suppos$ to be sprung f ! /aff ( ,joseph ( ,arima!a1 :o hav+ fix$ x 9 ! gr\nd ) 8 own h& on ,*ri/mas ,day1 x took root imm$iately1 put =? leaves1 & ! next day 0 cov]$ ) milk-:ite blossoms4#ib--,see ,he>ne's ,hi/ory & ,antiquities ( ,gla/onbury1 #agbb4 #ib ,coll9son1 9 8 ,hi/ory ( ,som]set%ire 7#agia71 alludes to ! miracul\s walnut-tree1 :i* grew 9 ! ,abbey *ur*y>d ( ,gla/onbury1 & nev] budd$ =? be=e ! fea/ ( ,/4 ,b>nabas1 viz41 #aa? ,june1 & on t v day %ot =? leaves1 & fl\ri%$4 ,,cambridge%ire4 ,at ,cl>e ,hall1 9 ,cambridge1 a coll> ( brawn is always provid$ = ! ,fell[s' table on ,*ri/mas ,day1 :i* comes up e day dur+ ! twelve days & !n makes ano!r & la/ appe>ance on ,c&lemas ,day4 ,a sprig ( ivy ) b]ries is /uck 9 ! c5tre ( ! top2 ! b]ries are fir/ dipp$ 9 fl\r1 probably to repres5t ! ho> fro/4--,"t's ,telescope1 #ahfc1 p4 #cch4 ,,cornwall4 ,hit*9s1 9 8 ,hi/ory ( ,cornwall 7#ahbd1 vol4 i4 p4 #gah71 gives ! foll[+ acc\nt ( ! ,*ri/mas plays1 :i* at "o "t 7 p]=m$ 9 ?is c\nty at ,*ri/mas4 ,he says1 ! lads :o engage 9 ^! !atrical repres5tations appe> fanta/ically dress$1 decorat$ ) ribbons & pa9t$ pap]1 ) wood5 swords1 & all ! equipage necess>y to support ! sev]al *>act]s !y assume4 ,to ent]ta9 _! auditors1 !y le>n to repeat a b>b>\s j>gon1 9 ! =m ( a drama1 :i* has be5 h&$ d[n f di/ant g5]ations4 ,w> & love are ! g5]al topics1 & ,/4 ,george & ! ,dragon are always ! mo/ prom95t *>act]s4 ,int]ludes1 expo/ulations1 debate1 battle1 & dea?1 are sure to f9d a place among ! mimicry2 b a physician :o is always at h& imm$iately re/ores ! dead to life4 ,x is g5]ally und]/ood t ^! ,*ri/mas plays d]iv$ _! orig9 f ! anci5t crusades1 & h5ce ! feats ( *ivalry & ! romantic extravagance ( knight-errantry t are /ill pres]v$ 9 all ! v>i$ pret5sions & exploits4--,see ,e ,day ,book1 #ahbg1 vol4 ii4 p4 #abb4 ,x 0 cu/om>y at "o "t 9 ,cornwall on ! la/ ,?ursday t 0 "o cle> week be=e ,*ri/mas ,day1 :i* 0 anci5tly call$ jeu-nhydn1 or ,:ite ,?ursday1 = ! t9n]s to claim a holiday1 because1 accord+ to tradition1 on ?is day black t9 or ore 0 fir/ melt$ or turn$ into :ite t9 or metal 9 ^! p>ts4--,hit*9s1 ,hi/ory ( ,cornwall1 #ahbd1 vol4 i4 p4 #gbe4 ,,cumb]l&4 ,9 ?is c\nty1 & 9 all ! great t[ns 9 ! ,nor? ( ,engl&1 ab\t a week be=e ,*ri/mas1 :at are call$ ,honey-,fairs are held1 9 :i* danc+ =ms ! lead+ amusem5t4--,"t's ,telescope1 #ahbd1 p4 #big4 ,,d]by%ire4 ,*ri/mas fe/ivities are well obs]v$ 9 ,d]by%ire2 mumm]s or guis]s g f h\se to h\se1 & p]=m a play ( ,/4 ,george4 ,!y are dress$ up 9 "* & decorat$ ) ribb&s1 t9sel1 & o!r f9]y1 & on be+ admitt$ into ! h\se comm5ce _! p]=mance by ,/4 ,george ann\nc+ himself by beg9n+ 8 oration3 8,i am ,/4 ,george1 ! noble *ampion bold1 ,& ) my glitt]+ sword ,i've won ?ree cr[ns ( gold2 ,x's ,i :o f\ght ! fi]y dragon1 ,& br\ght x to ! slaught]2 ,& s ,i won fair ,sabra1 ,! k+ ( ,egypt's daught]4 --,sev5 h ,i won1 b m>ri$ none1 ,& be> my glory all alone1 --,) my ,sword 9 my h&1 ,:o d>e aga9/ me /&8 ,i swe> ,i'll cut him d[n ,) my victori\s br&40 ,a *ampion is soon f\nd 9 ! p]son ( ,sla%]1 :o accepts ! *all5ge4 ,/4 ,george !n replies 9 a neat spee*1 :5 !y s+1 %ake h&s1 & fight ) _! wood5 swords1 & ,sla%] is sla94 ,! ,k+ !n ent]s1 say+3--8,i am ! ,k+ ( ,engl&1 ! greate/ man alive10 & aft] walk+ r\nd ! dead body1 calls =1 8,sir ,guy1 "o ( ! *iefe/ m5 9 ! _w's wond]10 :o %[s 8 wond]ful c\rage & pr[ess 9 call+ = a doctor4 ,! doctor1 on mak+ 8 appe>ance1 gives a long & qua9t acc\nt ( 8 bir?1 p>5tage1 education1 & travels1 :il/ p]ambulat+ ar\nd ! fall5 ,sla%]1 & ends 8 oration by say+3 8,"h take a little out ( my bottle1 ,& put x d[n ?y ?rottle40 ,! dead man is ?us cur$1 & hav+ receiv$ ! advice (1 8,rise1 ,jack1 & fight aga91 ! play is end$40--,j\r4 ( ! ,ar*4 ,assoc4 #aheb1 vol4 vii4 p4 #bjf4 ,,dorset%ire4 ,x appe>s t 9 "s p>ts ( ?is c\nty ! mumm]s /ill g r\nd at ,*ri/mas-tide1 p]=m+ a species ( play4--,see ,n4 ,q4 #e? ,s4 vol4 ii4 p4 #eje4 ,,essex4 ,on ,*ri/mas day at ,horn*ur* ! lessee ( ! ti!s1 :i* belong to ,new ,college1 ,ox=d1 supplies1 says ,hone1 7,e ,day ,book1 #ahbg1 vol4 ii4 p4 #afdi71 a bo>'s head dress$ & g>ni%$ ) bayleaves1 c4 ,9 ! aft]noon x is c>ri$ 9 procession into ! mill-field adjo9+ ! *ur*y>d1 :]e x is wre/l$ = & aft]w>ds fea/$ ^u at "o ( ! public-h\ses by ! ru/ic conqu]or & 8 fri5ds ) all ! m]rim5t peculi> to ! season4 ,! foll[+ appe>$ 9 ! ,daily ,news ( ,janu>y #e?1 #aheb3--;,by anci5t *>t] or usage 9 ,horn*ur* a bo>'s head is wre/l$ = 9 a field adjo9+ ! *ur*1 a bo>1 ! prop]ty ( ! p>i%1 hav+ be5 slaught]$ = ! purpose4 ,! bo>'s head1 elevat$ on a pole & decorat$ ) ribbons1 0 br\ght into ! r+ :]e ! competitors ent]$1 & ! prize 0 aw>d$4--,see ,morant1 ,hi/ory ( ,essex1 #agfh1 vol4 i4 p4 #gd4 ,,gl\ce/]%ire4 ,x 0 =m]ly ! cu/om ( ! city ( ,gl\ce/] to pres5t to ! ,sov]eign at ,*ri/mas a lamprey-pie ) a rais$ cru/4 ,! cu/om is ( great antiquity1 & z ,h5ry ,i41 ( lamprey-lov+ celebrity1 frequ5tly held 8 ,c\rt dur+ ,*ri/mas at ,gl\ce/]1 x may h orig9at$ 9 8 "t4 ,9 #aecj ! ,prior ( ,lan?ony at ,gl\ce/] s5t 8*eese1 c>p1 & bak$ lampreys0 to ,h5ry ,,viii4 at ,w9dsor1 = :i* ! be>] receiv$ tw5ty %ill+s4--,tighe & ,davis1 ,annals ( ,w9dsor1 p4 #efb4 ,dur+ ! ,commonweal? x appe>s f ! foll[+ entry 9 ! corporation m9utes t ! pie 0 s5t to ! memb]s = ! city3-- 8,item4--,paid to ,?omas ,suffield1 cook1 = lamprey-pies s5t to our ,p>liam5t m51 #jh #jjs4 #jj;d40 ,9 #ageb x appe>s to h be5 ! cu/om to pres5t a lamprey-pie to ! ,pr9ce ( ,wales1 z appe>s by ,mr4 ,jesse's book1 ,george ,selwyn & 8 ,contempor>ies 7vol4 i4 p4 #aec71 :]e is pr9t$ ! foll[+ lett] f ,mr4 ,ald]man ,h>ris to ,george ,selwyn1 !n ,m4,p4 = ,gl\ce/]3-- 8,gl\ce/]1 #ae? ,janu>y1 #ageb4 8,,sir1--,at ! reque/ ( ,mr4 ,mayor1 ^: extraord9>y hurry ( bus9ess w n af=d him leisure to direct himself1 ,i am desir$ to acqua9t y t by ! ,gl\ce/] waggon ?is week is s5t ! usual pres5t ( a lamprey-pie f ?is ,corporation to ,8 ,royal ,highness ! ,pr9ce ( ,wales4 ,x is direct$ to y2 & ,i am fur!r to reque/ ! fav\r ( y to h ! same pres5t$ ) ! complim5ts ( ?is body1 z y\r late wor?y fa!r us$ to d4 8,sir1 y\r mo/ ob$i5t humble s]vant1 8,,gab4 ,,h>ris4 8,p4,s4--,! waggon]'s inn is ! ,k+'s ,head1 9 ! ,old ,*ange40#ic--,n4 ,q4 #bnd ,s4 vol4 ix4 p4 #ahd4 #ic ,ano!r correspond5t ( ,n4 ,q4 7#bnd ,s4 vol4 ix4 p4 #ahe7 says t x 0 =m]ly ! cu/om to s5d to ! ,k+ ! fir/ lamprey caught 9 ! riv] at ! comm5cem5t ( ! season2 x 0 /ew$1 t be+ ! be/ way ( cook+ ?is fi%4 ,,h]e=d%ire4 ,9 ?is c\nty1 & also 9 ,worce/]%ire1 x is consid]$ v unlucky = new %oes or tann$ lea!r to be receiv$ into ! h\se dur+ ! ,*ri/mas week or on ,new ,ye>'s ,day4--,see ,n4 ,q4 #e? ,s4 vol4 iii4 p4 #g4 ,,k5t4 ,at "o "t ! fe/ivities ( ,*ri/mas 7 comm5c$ at ,ramsgate by a curi\s musical procession4 ,! foll[+ acc\nt is tak5 f ,busby's ,conc]t ,room & ,or*e/ra ,anecdotes 7#ahbe1 vol4 i4 p4 #gc73-- ,a p>ty ( "y p procure ! head ( a dead horse1 :i* is affix$ to a pole ab\t f\r feet 9 l5g?1 a /r+ is ti$ to ! l[] jaw1 a horseclo? is !n atta*$ to ! :ole1 "u :i* "o ( ! p>ty gets1 & by frequ5tly pull+ ! /r+ keeps up a l\d snapp+ noise1 & is accompani$ by ! re/ ( ! p>ty grotesquely habit$ & r++ h&-bells4 ,!y ?us proce$ f h\se to h\se1 s\nd+ _! bells & s++ c>ols & songs4 ,!y are commonly gratifi$ ) be] & cake1 or p]haps ) money4 ,?is is prov9cially call$ a hod5+2 & ! figure above describ$ a 8hod510 or wood5 horse4 ,?is curi\s c]emony is also obs]v$ 9 ! ,isle ( ,?anet on ,*ri/mas ,eve1 & is suppos$ to be an anci5t relic ( a fe/ival orda9$ to commemorate our ,saxon ance/ors' l&+ 9 t isl&4 ,,lanca%ire4 ,! foll[+ description ( primitive mann]s 9 ! h\ses ( ! g5try at ,*ri/mas is extract$ by ,ba9es 7,hi/4 ( ,lanca%ire1 vol4 iii4 p4 #bid7 f a family manuscript ( ! ,cunliffes1 ( ,wycoll]1 9 ,lanca%ire1 & ref]s to an age antec$5t to ! w>s ( ! ,p>liam5t3--8,at ,wycoll]-,hall ! family usually kept op5 h\se ! twelve days at ,*ri/mas4 ,_! ent]ta9m5t 0 a l>ge hall ( curi\s a%l] wood1 a long table1 pl5ty ( furm]ty1 l new milk1 9 a morn+1 made ( husk$ :eat boil$1 roa/$ beef ) fat goose & a pudd+1 ) pl5ty ( good be] = d9n]4 ,a r\ndab\t fire-place1 surr\nd$ ) /one b5*es1 :]e ! "y folks sat & crack$ nuts1 & div]t$ !mselves2 & 9 ?is mann] ! sons & daught]s got mat*+ )\t go+ mu* f home40--,see ,m$4 vi ,kal5d4 vol4 i4 p4 #ia4 ,,isle ,,( ,,man4 ,tra91 9 8 ,hi/ory ( ! ,isle ( ,man 7#ahde1 vol4 ii4 p4 #abg71 says3--,! ,*ri/mas fe/ival is introduc$ by "y p]sons p]ambulat+ ! v>i\s t[ns & villages 9 ! ev5+s1 fanta/ically dress$1 & arm$ ) swords1 call+ z !y proce$1 8,:o wants to see ! ,:ite ,boys act80 ,:5 _! s]vices are engag$ !y1 l ! ,scot* guis>ds or ,quhite boys ( ,yule1 p]=m a rude drama1 9 :i* ,/4 ,george1 ,pr9ce ,val5t9e1 ,k+ ( ,egypt1 ,sambo1 & ! ,doctor are ! dramatis p]son4 ,x 0 cu/om>y 9 ! ,isle ( ,man = e family t c\ld af=d x to h a brew+ call$ ,j\gh-ny-nollick1 i4e41 ,*ri/mas dr9k1 prep>$ = ! fe/ivities ( ! season4 ,on su* occasions "o brew+-kettle g5]ally s]v$ a :ole neighb\rhood1 :i* gave rise to ! monk's prov]b1 8,to g ab\t l a brew+-pan40--,ibid4 p4 #abg4 ,,middlesex4 ,malcolm1 9 8 ,anecdotes ( ! ,mann]s & ,cu/oms ( ,london 7#ahaa1 p4 #bei71 speak+ ( ,*ri/mas ,day1 says3--8,x 0 a day ( gr& diff]5ce 9 ! judgm5t ( "s1 & 9 ! ,city ( ,london "s op5$ _! %ops1 b to /op mut9y+ !y 7 %ut up aga92 yet d v few und]/& :at ! diff]5ce is t is n[ embrac$ 9 ! judgm5ts ( ^? :o desire ! re=mation f ,popi% innovation1 b to give su* fur!r satisfaction h]e91 x is ! op9ion ( ^! t x is a day :]e9 x is v fit = ! p ( ,god to congregate 9 ! *ur* to he> ! ,^w ( ,god prea*$1 b n a holiday or su* a day z is ( absolute necessity to be kept holy2 x is a day :]e9 x is no s9 = a man to foll[ 8 call+1 & he mu/ n by a ,popi% innovation adore ! day40 ,inns ( ,c\rt4--,!re 7 anci5tly great do+s 9 ! halls ( ! ,inns ( ,c\rt at ,*ri/mas4 ,at ! ,inn] ,temple e>ly 9 ! morn+ ! g5tlem5 ( ! ,inn w5t to *ur*1 & aft] ! s]vice !y repair$ into ! hall to breakfa/ ) brawn1 mu/>d1 & malmsey4 ,at ! fir/ c\rse at d9n] 0 8s]v$ 91 a fair & l>ge ,bore's head ^u a silv] platt]1 ) m9/ralsye40--,dugdale's ,orig4 ,jurid4 ,a correspond5t ( ,n4 ,q4 7#e? ,s4 vol4 ii4 p4 #ejg71 allud+ to ! "t-hon\r$ cu/om ( ! ,bo>'s ,head ,fea/ at ,/4 ,john's ,gate1 ,cl]k5well1 says ! bo>'s head is /ill s]v$ up at ,que5's ,college1 ,ox=d 7see p4 #dgg71 b ,i d n ?9k x c be m enjoyable ?an ! ,*ri/mas cu/om us$ to be at ,cl]k5well1 ) ! hall /rewn ) ru%es1 ! gigantic yule-log drawn 9 by ! sons ( ! ho/ 7! late proprietor71 ) ! accompany+ ann\ncem5t1 by bugles1 & ! br++ 9 ( ! bo>'s head1 ! 8cook dress$ all 9 :ite10 s++ ! good old c>ol 7pr9t$ by ,wynkyn1 de ,worde1 #aeba71 copies ( :i* be+ 9 ! h&s ( ! gue/s1 :o jo9$ 9 ! *orus1 r5d]+ ! :ole sc5e s pleasant z nev] to be =gott54 ,! lov+ cup 0 nev] omitt$1 & ( c\rse wassail 0 duly br\ght 91 8ye ,lorde ( ,mysrewle do+ 8 duty #8pass+ well4'0 ,! foll[+ is an exact copy ( ! c>ol3 8,,c>oll ,,at ,,ye ,,bryngyne ,,9 ,,ye ,,bore',s ,,he$4 ,caput apri diff]o ,r$d5s laudem ,dom9o4 ,! bore's he$ 9 h&e br+e ,i1 ,) g>l5s gay & rosem>ie1 ,i pray y all synge m]rilie1 ,qui e/is 9 convivio4 ,! bore's he$ ,i und]/&e1 ,is ! *efe s]vyce 9 ?is l&e1 ,loke :]ev] x be fonde1 ,s]vite cum cantico4 ,be gladde lordes1 bo? m & lesse1 ,= ?is ha? ordeyn$ our /ew>de ,to *]e y all ?is ,*ri/masse1 ,! bore's he$ ) mu/>de40 ,subjo9$ is a copy ( ! invitation ! late ho/ & 8 pr$ecessor us$ to issue1 :i* is a curi\s production3 8,we'll passe ab\te ye lovynge cuppe1 ,& s5de ye wassaile r\nde2 ,) myr! & songes ( *yvalrie1 ,^! goodlye ,halles %all s\nde4 ,"h is an illu/ration ( ! nor? side ( ! ,gate4 8,samuel ,wick5s1 ye ,gr&e ,maye/] ( ye ,priorye ( ,sa9te ,john1 ,greet+e welle hys ryght tru/ye & welle belov$ fri5ds1 do! h]ebye summon !m to hys c\ncill to be hold5 9 ye ,greate ,halle ( ye ,priorye1 a=esaide1 on ye n9! daye ( ,ianu>ie1 anno ,dom9i1 "o ?\s&e eighte hundr$e & sev5tie-?ree1 to adjudycate on ye qualitie ( hys vi&es3 t is to saye1 roa/e beefe & plumbe puddynge1 & ) a cordialle greet+e 9 ye wassaile b\le & ye lovynge cuppe1 p]petuate to alle tyme & to tyme oute ( mynde a ryghte goodlye & la/ynge fell[%ipe4 ,ye ,bo>e's heade w be br\ghte into ye halle1 & ye *ante w be sange1 at sixe ( ! clocke1 at :i* tyme ye ,fea/ w beg9e40 ,,norfolk4 ,at ,y>m\? be=e ! ,re=mation x 0 a cu/om = ! prior & monks1 & aft]w>ds = ! dean & *apt]1 or ! f>m] ( _! p>sonage1 to provide a breakfa/ = ! inhabitants ( ! t[n e ye> on ,*ri/mas ,day1 :i* cu/om cont9u$ till ! #ba/ ( ,elizabe?1 :51 on acc\nt ( a griev\s plague :i* c>ri$ (f two ?\s& ( ! inhabitants 9 "o ye>1 & on consid]ation ( ! ru9\s condition ( ! p>sonage-h\se1 x 0 agre$ t ,?omas ,osborne1 :o 0 !n f>m] ( ! p>sonage1 %\ld pay #el4 a ye> to ! *ur*w>d5s = ! use ( ! t[n 9 lieu ( ! said breakfa/4 ,aft] ! plague _h ceas$1 ! breakfa/ 0 resum$ & cont9u$ z usual1 till ! reign ( ,james ,i41 :5 ,william ,go/lynge1 !n f>m]1 absolutely refus$ to provide x or to pay an equival5t composition1 ^u :i* ! t[n pref]r$ a compla9t to ! dean & *apt]1 :o promis$ n to c\nt5ance him 9 su* a non-con=mity to ! t]ms ( ! lease by :i* he held ( !m4 ,f9ally1 ,mr4 ,go/lynge 0 oblig$ to sign an agreem5t1 :]eby he engag$ to pay ye>ly to ! t[n 9 lieu ( ! breakfa/1 #ajl41 :i* 0 di/ribut$ to poor fi%]m51 c41 & #el4 = 8 default1 9 be=e refus+ to provide ! breakfa/4 ,?is cont9u$ till ! mak+ ( a new agreem5t1 betwe5 ! corporation & ,mr4 ,go/lynge1 ( a grant ( nom9ation & appo9tm5t ( prea*]s & m9i/]s 9 ! t[n1 s9ce :i* x seems t bo? breakfa/ & composition %>$ ! fate ( all human in/itutions & sank into oblivion4--,p>k91 ,hi/ory ( ,great ,y>m\?1 #aggf1 p4 #ccj4 ,,nor?ampton%ire4 ,cole1 9 8 ,hi/ory ( ,we/on ,favell 7#ahbg1 p4 #fj71 says ,*ri/mas ,day is u%]$ 9 by ! r++ ( ! bells ( ! *ur*1 precisely at twelve o'clock1 call$ ! midnight peal1 till :i* "t _m ( ! inhabitants sit r\nd ! jovial fire1 :5ce at twelve o'clock !y em]ge into ! midnight air to li/5 to ! peals ( ! bells ( ! neighb\r+ *ur*es4 ,,nor?umb]l&4 ,9 ,alnwick a cu/om exi/$ ( giv+ sweetmeats to *ildr5 at ,*ri/mas "t1 call$ ,yule ,babies1 9 commemoration ( our ,savi\r's nativity4--,hi/ory ( ,alnwick1 #ahbb1 p4 #bfb4 ,,nott+ham%ire4 ,! inhabitants ( ,nor? ,clifton 7 =m]ly f]ry free4 ,9 consequ5ce1 ! f]ryman & 8 dog 7 indulg$ ) a d9n] ea* at ! vic>'s at ,*ri/mas4 ,! f]ryman also on t day receiv$ ( ! inhabitants a prime loaf ( bread4--,n4 ,q4 #e? ,s4 vol4 ii4 p4 #eji4 ,ne> ,raleigh !re is a valley said to h be5 caus$ by an e>?quake sev]al hundr$ ye>s ago1 :i* swall[$ up a :ole village1 toge!r ) ! *ur*4 ,=m]ly1 x 0 ! cu/om ( ! p to assemble 9 ?is valley e ,*ri/mas ,day morn+ to li/5 to ! r++ ( ! bells ( ! *ur* b5ea? !m4 ,?is1 x 0 positively /at$1 might be he>d by plac+ ! e> to ! gr\nd & he>k5+ att5tively4 ,z late z #ahbg x 0 usual on ?is morn+ = old m5 & wom5 to tell _! *ildr5 & "y fri5ds to g to ! valley1 /oop d[n1 & he> ! bells r+ m]rily4 ,! villag]s he>d ! r++ ( ! bells ( a neighb\r+ *ur*1 ! s\nd ( :i* 0 communicat$ by ! surface ( ! gr\nd4 ,a simil> belief exi/s1 or did a %ort "t ago1 at ,pre/on1 9 ,lanca%ire4--,ibid4 p4 #eji4 ,,ox=d%ire4 ,9 ! butt]y ( ,/4 ,john's ,college1 ,ox=d1 an anci5t c&le socket ( /one /ill rema9s1 ornam5t$ ) ! figure ( ! ,holy ,lamb4 ,x 0 =m]ly us$ to burn ! ,*ri/mas c&le 91 on ! high table at supp] dur+ ! twelve nights ( ?is fe/ival4--,br&1 ,pop4 ,antiq4 #ahdi1 vol4 i4 p4 #dfg4 ,x 0 =m]ly a cu/om = ! but*] ( ,m]ton ,college1 ab\t ,*ri/mas "t1 to invite ! s*ol>s to a treat at 8 h\se1 :5 he us$ to provide a bull = ! /ew>d to knock d[n ) 8 own h&s1 :5ce ?is treat 0 call$ ,! ,kill-,bull4--,po9t]1 ,oxoni5sis ,academia1 #agdi1 p4 #bc4 ,! foll[+ acc\nt ( ! anci5t cu/om ( br++ 9 a bo>'s head at ,que5's ,college1 ,ox=d1 is tak5 f a ,,ms41 9 ! ,bodleian ,libr>y1 quot$ 9 ! ,antiqu>y 7#ahgc1 vol4 iii4 p4 #dg73-- ,!re is a cu/om at ,que5's ,college to s]ve up e ye> a bo>'s head1 provid$ by ! manciple aga9/ ,*ri/mas ,day4 ,?is bo>'s head be+ boyl'd or roa/$1 is laid 9 a great *>g]1 cov]$ ) a g>l& ( bays or laurell z broad at bottom z ! brims ( ! *>g]s4 ,:5 ! fir/ c\rse is s]v$ up 9 ! refectory on ,*ri/mas ,day1 9 ! said college1 ! manciple br+s ! said bo>'s head f ! kit*5 up to ! high table1 accompani$ ) "o ( ! tab>d]s 7i4e41 ! s*ol>s71 :o lays 8 h& on ! *>g]4 ,! tab>d] s+s a song1 & :5 he comes to ! *orus all ! s*ol>s t are 9 ! refectory joyn toge!r & s+ x3 ,i4 8,! bo>'s head 9 h& be> ,i1 ,b$eck'd ) bays & rosem>y1 ,& ,i pray y ma/] m]ry be1 ,quotquot e/is 9 convivio4 ,,*orus4 ,caput apri def]o ,r$d5s laudes ,dom9o4 ,,ii4 ,! bo>'s head1 z ,i und]/&1 ,is ! brave/ di% 9 ! l&1 ,be+ ?us b$eck'd ) a gay g>l&1 ,let u s]vire convivio4 ,,*orus4 ,caput apri1 c4 ,,iii4 ,our /ew>d has provid$ ?is ,9 hon\r ( ! ,k+ ( bliss1 ,:i* on ?is day to be s]v$ is1 ,9 ,reg95si atrio4 ,,*orus4 ,caput apri10 c4 ,accord+ to ,mr4 ,wade 7,walks 9 ,ox=d1 #ahag1 vol4 i4 p4 #abh7 ! usage is 9 commemoration ( an act ( val\r p]=m$ by a /ud5t ( ! college1 :o1 :ile walk+ 9 ! neighb\r+ =e/ ( ,%otov]1 & read+ ,ari/otle1 0 sudd5ly attack$ by a wild bo>4 ,! furi\s bea/ came op5-m\!d ^u ! y\?1 :o1 h[ev]1 v c\rage\sly1 & ) a happy pres5ce ( m9d1 ramm$ 9 ! volume1 & cry+ ,grcum e/1 fairly *ok$ ! savage4 ,9 an audit-book ( ,tr9ity ,college = ! ye> #aeei1 ,w>ton f\nd a disbursem5t 8pro pr&io ,pr9cipis natalicii40 ,a ,*ri/mas pr9ce1 or ,"l ( ,misrule1 he adds1 correspond+ to ! ,imp]ator at ,cambridge1 0 a common tempor>y magi/rate 9 ! colleges ( ,ox=d4--,see ,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq4 #ahdi1 vol4 i4 p4 #dih2 ,! ,antiqu>y1 #ahgc1 vol4 iii4 p4 #ec2 ,wood1 9 8 ,a!n ,oxoni5ses1 alludes to ! ,*ri/mas pr9ce at ,/4 ,john's & ,m]ton ,colleges4 ,mumm+s at ,*ri/mas are common 9 ,ox=d%ire4 ,at ,islip "s ( ! mumm]s we> masks1 o!rs1 :o _c get masks1 black _! faces & dress !mselves up ) hayb&s ti$ r\nd _! arms & bodies4 ,! small] boys black _! faces1 & g ab\t s++-- 8,a m]ry ,*ri/mas & a happy new ye>1 ,y\r pockets full ( money1 & y\r cell>s full ( be]40 ,br&1 ,pop4 ,antiq4 #ahdi1 vol4 i4 p4 #dff4 ,dr4 ,lee1 9 ,n4 ,q4 7#e? ,s4 vol4 ii4 pp4 #ejc-eje71 has giv5 a curi\s old miracle play1 ! text ( :i* he says 0 tak5 d[n by himself f ! lips ( "o ( ! p]=m]s 9 #ahec4 ,aubrey in=ms u t 9 sev]al p>ts ( ,ox=d%ire x 0 ! cu/om = ! maids]vant to ask ! man = ivy to decorate ! h\se1 & if he refus$ or neglect$ to fet* 9 a supply ! maids /ole a pair ( 8 bree*es1 & nail$ !m up to ! gate 9 ! y>d or highway4 ,a simil> usage prevail$ 9 o!r places1 :5 ! refusal to comply ) su* a reque/ incurr$ ! p5alty ( be+ deb>r$ f ! well-kn[n privilege ( ! mi/letoe4--,see ,book ( ,days1 vol4 ii4 p4 #gec4 ,,scilly ,,isles4 ,tr\tbeck1 9 8 ,/ate ( ! ,scilly ,isles 7#agif1 p4 #agb71 gives ! foll[+ acc\nt ( h[ ,*ri/mas 0 celebrat$ 9 8 "t4 ,! "y p1 he says1 ex]cise a sort ( gallantry among !mselves1 :i* !y call goose-danc+1 :5 ! maid5s are dress$ up = "y m5 & ! "y m5 = maid5s4 ,9 ! day "t !y dance ab\t ! /reets 9 masqu]ade1 vie+ ) ea* o!r :o c appe> ! mo/ unc\?4 ,9 ! ev5+s !y visit _! neighb\rs 9 companies1 :]e !y dance & make _! jokes ^u :at has happ5$ 9 ! isl&s4 ,by ?is sort ( sport accord+ to ye>ly cu/om & tol]ation1 !re is a _s ( wit & droll]y kept up among ! p4 ,! maid5s1 :o are sometimes dress$ up = sea capta9s & o!r (fic]s1 display _! allur+ graces to ! ladies1 :o are "y m5 equipp$ = t purpose2 & ! ladies ex]t _! tal5ts to !m 9 c\rtly addresses1 _! hang]s are sometimes drawn1 c41 aft] :i*1 & o!r pieces ( droll]y1 ! sc5e %ifts to music & danc+1 :i* be+ ov] !y are treat$ ) liquor & !n g to ! next h\se ( ent]ta9m5t4 ,!y h a cu/om also ( s++ c>ols at *ur* on ,*ri/mas ,day1 to :i* ! congregation make contributions by dropp+ money into a hat c>ri$ ab\t ! *ur* :5 ! p]=mance is ov]4--,hea?'s ,acc\nt ( ! ,scilly ,isles1 p4 #abe4 ,,som]set%ire4 ,at ,we/ ,hat* ! reeve or bailiff to ! manor provid$ at ! "l's exp5se a fea/ on ,*ri/mas ,day1 & di/ribut$ to ea* h\sehold] a loaf ( bread1 a p\nd & a half ( beef1 & ! l quantity ( pork1 undress$1 & ! same ev5+ treat$ !m ) a supp]4--,coll9son1 ,hi/ory ( ,c\nty ( ,som]set1 #agia1 vol4 ii4 p4 #ahf4 ,! foll[+ l9es are sung at ! ,*ri/mas mumm+s 9 ?is c\nty3 8,"h comes ,i1 liddle man ,jan1 ,) my zword 9 my han6 ,if y don't all d1 ,z y be told by ,i1 ,i'll z5d y all to ,york1 ,vor to make apple-pie40 ,br&1 ,pop4 ,antiq4 #ahdi1 vol4 i4 p4 #dff4 ,,/af=d%ire4 ,9 ,%aw's ,hi/ory ( ,/af=d%ire 7#agih-ahja7 is m5tion$ a cu/om =m]ly preval5t 9 ! p>i% ( ,great ,b>r1 = ! rector on e ,*ri/mas ,day to give to ea* p]son1 great & small1 ( 8 p>i% t came to 8 h\se1 s mu* bread1 beef1 mu/>d1 & v9eg> z !y c\ld eat4 ,latt]ly1 h[ev]1 money 0 giv5 in/ead4 ,plot1 9 8 ,natural ,hi/ory ( ,/af=d%ire 7#afhf1 p4 #dcd71 gives ! foll[+ acc\nt ( a jocul> cu/om celebrat$ 9 old5 times at ,bromley ,abbots4 ,he says3--,)9 memory1 at ,abbots or ,pagets ,bromley1 !y _h a sort ( sport :i* !y celebrat$ at ,*ri/mas 7on ,new ,ye> & ,twelf? ,day7 call$ ! ,hobby-horse ,dance f a p]son :o c>ri$ ! image ( a horse betwe5 8 legs1 made ( ?9 bo>ds1 & 9 8 h&s a b[ & arr[ :i*1 pass+ ?r\gh a hole 9 ! b[ & /opp+ ^u a %\ld] x _h 9 x1 he made a snapp+ noise z he drew x to & fro1 keep+ "t ) ! musick2 ) ?is man danc$ six o!rs1 c>ry+ on _! %\ld]s z _m re9de] heads1 ?ree ( !m pa9t$ :ite1 ) ?ree r$1 ) ! arms ( ! *ief families 7viz41 ( ,paget1 ,bagot1 & ,wells71 to :om ! rev5ues ( ! t[n *iefly belong$1 depict$ on ! palms ( !m1 ) :i* !y danc$ ! hays & o!r c\ntry dances4 ,to ?is hobby-horse dance !re also belong$ a pot1 :i* 0 kept by turns by f\r or five ( ! *ief ( ! t[n1 :om !y call$ reeves1 :o provid$ cake & ale to put into ?is pot2 all p :o _h any k9dness = ! good int5t ( ! in/itution ( ! sport1 giv+ p5ce a piece = !mselves & _! families1 & s =eign]s too t came to see x1 ) :i* money 7! *>ge ( ! cakes & ale be+ defray$7 !y n only repair$ _! *ur*1 b kept ! poor too1 :i* *>ges are n n[ p]haps s *e]fully borne4 ,!re is an anci5t paym5t made by ! *amb]la9 ( ! corporation ( ,/af=d1 ( an annual sum ( money1 g5]ally six %ill+s1 at ,*ri/mas1 = ! pur*as+ ( plums1 to be di/ribut$ among ! inhabitants ( c]ta9 old h\ses 9 ! lib]ty ( ,=ebridge4 ,! orig9 ( ?is paym5t is ascrib$ by g5]al reputation to ! b\nty ( "s individual :o he>d f "s poor *ildr5 a compla9t on ,*ri/mas ,day t !y _h no plums = a pudd+2 & x is report$ t he c\nt$ ! h\ses !n 9 ! place1 & made provision = ! supply ( a p\nd ( plums = ea* h\se4 ,! money receiv$ is laid out 9 plums1 :i* are divid$ into equal quantities1 & made up into p>cels1 "o = ea* ( ! h\ses1 fifte5 or sixte5 9 numb]1 entitl$ by ! e/abli%$ usage to receive a portion1 )\t ref]5ce to ! circum/ances ( ! inhabitants4--,old ,engli% ,cu/oms & ,*>ities1 p4 #e4 ,,suffolk4 ,br& 7,pop4 ,antiq4 #ahdi1 vol4 i4 p4 #dhi7 alludes to a cu/om practis$ 9 ! neighb\rhood ( ,bury ,/4 ,edmunds among ! "y m51 ( hunt+ owls & squirrels on ,*ri/mas ,day4 ,9 #aceh1 at ,haw/ead1 ! cu/om>y t5ants paid _! "l at ,*ri/mas a small r5t1 call$ (f]+ silv]4 ,elev5 ( !m paid 9 all xviijd4 ,9 #achf ! ,*ri/mas (f]+s made by ! ma/] = 8 dome/ics am\nt$ to xiiijd4 = sev5 s]vants4--,cullum1 ,hi/ory ( ,haw/ead1 #ahac1 pp4 #ac-ad4 ,,we/morel&4 ,at ,k5dal1 if a man be f\nd at "w 9 ,*ri/mas week 8 fell[-tradesm5 lay viol5t h&s on him1 & c>ry him on a pole to ! ale-h\se1 :]e he is to treat !m4--,s\!y's ,common ,place ,book1 #ahea1 #d? s]ies1 p4 #ced4 ,,worce/]%ire4 ,at ,bewdley x 0 ! cu/om = ! bellman to g r\nd on ,*ri/mas morn+1 r++ 8 bell 9 sev]al p>ts ( ! t[n1 & s++ ! foll[+ dogg]el1 fir/ say+1 8,good morn+1 ma/]s & mi/resses all1 ,i wi% y all a m]ry ,*ri/mas03 8,arise mi/ress1 arise1 ,& make y\r t>ts & pies1 ,& let y\r maids lie /ill2 ,= if !y %\ld rise & spoil y\r pies ,y'd take x v ill4 ,:il/ y are sleep+ 9 y\r b$1 ,i ! cold w9try nights mu/ tread1 ,pa/ twelve o'clock4 ,ehe60 ,kidd]m9/] ,%uttle1 ,dec4 #bnd1 #ahga4 ,at ,y>dley su* ( ! poor z are exclud$ f p>tak+ ( c]ta9 doles on acc\nt ( receiv+ regul> weekly relief1 are all[$ "o %ill+ ea* out ( a g5]al *>ity fund at ,*ri/mas1 "u ! "n ( plum-pudd+ money1 to ! ext5t ( ab\t #dl4--,edw>ds1 ,old ,engli% ,cu/oms & ,*>ities1 p4 #bc4 ,,york%ire4 ,bl\nt tells u t1 9 ,york%ire & o!r nor!rn p>ts1 aft] s]mon or s]vice on ,*ri/mas ,day1 ! p w1 ev5 9 ! *ur*es1 cry 8,ule6 ,ule60 z a tok5 ( rejoic+2 & ! common sort run ab\t ! /reets s++3 8,ule6 ,ule6 ,ule6 ,ule6 ,?ree pudd+s 9 a pule1 ,crack nuts & cry ,ule60 ,see ,br&1 ,pop4 ,antiq4 #ahdi1 vol4 i4 pp4 #dgf-dgg4 ,"o nev]-fail+ remnant ( ! old5 "t obs]v$ 9 ?is c\nty1 says ,soane 7,curiosities ( ,lit]ature71 0 ! *eese1 :i* _h be5 especially made & pres]v$ = ! season4 ,x 0 produc$ ) mu* c]emony by e ru/ic dame1 :o1 be=e %e all[$ x to be ta/$1 took a %>p knife & scor$ ^u x rude resemblances to ! cross4 ,to ?is 7 add$ ! mighty wassail b[l brimm+ ) lamb's-wool1 & furmity made ( b>ley-meal1 :i* la/ 0 also an ess5tial ( ! breakfa/-table4 ,betwe5 ,*ri/mas ,day & ! ,new ,ye> x is cu/om>y 9 ! ,nor? ,rid+ ( ,york%ire to give e visitor a slice ( 8pepp] cake0 7a spic$ g+]bread cake7 & *eese & a glass ( g94 ,9 ! ,nor? ,rid+ ( ,york%ire x is also ! cu/om = ! p>i%ion]s1 aft] receiv+ ! ,sacram5t on ,*ri/mas ,day1 to g f *ur* directly to ! ale-h\se1 & !re dr9k toge!r z a te/imony ( *>ity & fri5d%ip4--,aubrey1 ,,ms4 quot$ 9 ,"t's ,telescope1 #ahbf1 p4 #bic4 ,at ,filey1 on ,*ri/mas morn+ be=e break ( day1 !re exi/$ =m]ly ! greate/ upro>1 by numb]s ( boys go+ r\nd f h\se to h\se1 rapp+ at e door1 & ro>+ out1 8,i wi% y a m]ry ,*ri/mas & a happy new ye>10 :i* words 7 vocif]at$ aga9 & aga9 till ! family awoke & admitt$ ! clamor\s visitor2 :o1 if he 7 ! fir/1#id 0 treat$ ) money or *eese & g+]bread1 :i* 7 also di/ribut$1 b less lib]ally1 to subsequ5t visitors4 ,no p]sons 7boys except$7 ev] presum$ to g out ( doors till ! ?re%old _h be5 consecrat$ by ! entrance ( a male4 ,females _h no "p 9 ?is matt]1 & if a damsel1 lovely z an angel1 ent]$ fir/1 h] fair =m 0 view$ ) horror z an image ( dea?4--,cole1 ,antiquities ( ,filey1 #ahbh1 p4 #acg4 #id ,! cu/om ( fir/ foot+ seems to h be5 conf9$ 9 o!r places to ,new ,ye>'s ,morn+4 ,at ,hudd]sfield ! *ildr5 c>ry ab\t a 8wessel-bob10 or l>ge bun* ( ev]gre5s hung ) oranges & apples1 & col\r$ ribbons1 s++ ! foll[+ c>ol3 8,"h we come a wassail+ ,among ! leaves s gre51 ,"h we come a w&]+ ,s fair to be se54 ,*orus4 ,= x is 9 ,*ri/mas "t ,/rang]s travel f> & ne>1 ,s ,god bless y & s5d y a happy ,new ye>4 ,we are n daily begg>s1 ,t beg f door to door1 ,b we are neighb\rs' *ildr51 ,:om y h se5 be=e4 ,call up ! butl] ( ?is h\se1 ,put on 8 gold5 r+1 ,let him br+ u a glass ( be]1 ,& ! bett] we %all s+4 ,we h got a little purse ,made ( /ret*+ lea!r sk91 ,we want a little ( y\r money ,to l9e x well )94 ,br+ u out a table ,& spread x ) a clo?2 ,br+ out a m\ldy *eese1 ,also y\r ,*ri/mas loaf4 ,god bless ! ma/] ( ?is h\se1 ,likewise ! mi/ress too1 ,& all ! little *ildr5 ,t r\nd ! table g4 ,good ma/] & mi/ress1 ,:ile y're sitt+ by ! fire1 ,pray ?9k ( u poor *ildr5 ,:o are w&]+ 9 ! mire40 ,n4 ,q4 #crd ,s4 vol4 xi4 p4 #add4 ,"s ye>s ago x 0 ! cu/om 9 ,le$s1 & ! neighb\rhood1 = *ildr5 to g f h\se to h\se s++ & c>ry+ :at !y call$ a 8wesley-bob40 ,?is !y kept veil$ 9 a clo? till !y came to a h\se door1 :5 !y uncov]$ x4 ,! wesley-bob 0 made ( holly & ev]gre5s1 l a b[]1 inside 7 plac$ a c\ple ( dolls1 adorn$ ) ribbons1 & ! :ole affair 0 borne ^u a /ick4 ,:il/ ! wesley-bob 0 be+ display$1 a song or ditty 0 sung4 ,at ,ab]=d1 ne> ,le$s1 two dolls are c>ri$ ab\t 9 boxes 9 a simil> way1 & su* an affair "h is call$ a wesley-box4--,n4 ,q4 #crd ,s4 vol4 vi4 p4 #did4 ,at ,ripon1 on ,*ri/mas ,day1 says a correspond5t ( ! ,g5t4 ,mag4 7#agij1 vol4 lx4 p4 #gai71 ! s++ boys come into ! *ur* ) l>ge baskets full ( r$ apples1 ) a sprig ( rosem>y /uck 9 ea*1 :i* !y pres5t to all ! congregation1 & g5]ally h a return made !m ( #b;d41 #d;d41 or #f;d41 accord+ to ! quality ( ! lady or g5tleman4 ,! sword or morisco dance us$ to be practis$ at ,ri*mond1 dur+ ! ,*ri/mas holidays1 by "y m5 dress$ 9 %irts ornam5t$ ) ribbons fold$ into roses1 hav+ swords1 or wood cut 9 ! =m ( t weapon4 ,!y exhibit$ v>i\s feats ( activity1 att5d$ by an old fiddl]1 by ,bessy 9 ! grotesque habit ( an old woman1 & by ! fool almo/ cov]$ ) sk9s1 a hairy cap on 8 head1 & ! tail ( a fox hang+ f 8 head4 ,^! l$ ! fe/ive ?rong1 & div]t$ ! cr[d ) _! droll antic buffoon]y4 ,! (fice ( "o ( ^! *>act]s 0 to g ab\t rattl+ a box1 & solicit+ money f door to door to defray ! exp5ses ( a fea/ & a dance 9 ! ev5+4--,hi/ory ( ,ri*mond1 #ahad1 p4 #bif4 ,9 ,%effield1 a male mu/ be ! fir/ to ent] a h\se on ! morn+ ( bo? ,*ri/mas ,day & ,new ,ye>'s ,day2 b !re is no di/9ction z to complexion or col\r ( hair4 ,9 ! h\ses ( ! m opul5t manufactur]s1 ^! fir/ admissions are (t5 accord$ to *oirs ( "w-p1 :o1 z 8waits10 proce$ at an e>ly h\r & s+ be=e ! h\ses ( _! employ]s & fri5ds ,*ri/mas c>ols & hymns1 always comm5c+ ) t beautiful composition3 8,*ri/ians1 awake1 salute ! happy morn1 ,:]eon ! ,savi\r ( mank9d 0 born40 ,on express+ _! good wi%es to ! inmates1 !y are g5]ally rew>d$ ) some?+ w>m & occasionally ) a pecuni>y pres5t4 ,among ! class call$ 8respectable10 b n manufactur]s1 a previ\s arrangem5t is (t5 made2 t a boy1 ! son ( a fri5d1 %all come & be fir/ admitt$1 receiv+ = 8 good wi%es a ,*ri/mas-box ( sixp5ce or a %ill+4 ,! h\ses ( ! artisans & poor are successively besieg$ by a ho/ ( gam9s1 :o1 soon aft] midnight1 spread !mselves ov] ! t[n1 %\t+ at ! doors1 & ?r\gh keyholes1 z foll[s3 8,au wi% ya a murry ,*rismas1-- ,a 'appy new ye>1-- ,a' pockit full ( munny1 ,an' a cell] full a' be]4 ,god bless ! mae/] ( ?is 'ouse-- ,! mi/riss all-s1 ,an' all ! little *ildrun ,t r\nd ! table g4 ,a apple1 a p>e1 a plom1 an' a *]ry2 ,a sup a' good ale mak' a man murry10 c4 ,! same h\se w n admit a second boy4 ,"o is suffici5t to protect x f any ill-luck t might o!rwise happ54 ,a p5ny is ! usual gratuity = ?is s]vice4--,n4 ,q4 #crd ,s4 vol4 v4 p4 #cie4 ,,wales4 ,a cu/om prevails 9 ,wales ( c>ry+ ab\t at ,*ri/mas "t a horse's skull dress$ up ) ribbons1 & support$ on a pole by a man :o is conceal$ "u a l>ge :ite clo?4 ,!re is a contrivance = op5+ & %utt+ ! jaws1 & ! figure pursues & bites ev]ybody x c lay hold (1 & does n release !m except on paym5t ( a f9e4 ,x is g5]ally accompani$ by "s m5 dress$ up 9 a grotesque mann]1 :o1 on rea*+ a h\se1 s+ "s extempore v]ses reque/+ admittance1 & are 9 turn answ]$ by ^? )91 until "o p>ty or ! o!r is at a loss = a reply4 ,! ,wel% are und\bt$ly a practical p1 & ^! v]ses (t5 display a good deal ( clev]ness4 ,?is horse's head is call$ ,m>i ,lwyd1 :i* ,i h he>d translat$ 8,grey m>e40 ,lwyd c]ta9ly is grey1 b ,m>i is n a m>e 9 ,wel%4#ie--,n4 ,q4 #a/ ,s4 vol4 i4 p4 #agc4 #ie ,?is cu/om 0 also practis$ 9 "o or two places 9 ,lanca%ire ab\t ! ye> #ahdj4 ,! horse 0 play$ 9 a simil> way1 b ! p]=m] 0 call$ 8,old ,ball40 ,x is no d\bt a ve/ige ( ! old 8hobby-horse40--,ibid4 p4 #bde4 ,^u ,*ri/mas ,day1 ab\t ?ree o'clock 9 ! morn+1 ! ,wel% 9 _m p>ts us$ to assemble 9 *ur*1 & aft] pray]s & a s]mon1 cont9ue !re s++ psalms & hymns ) great devotion1 till x 0 daylight2 & if1 ?r\gh age or infirmity1 any 7 disabl$ f att5d+1 !y nev] fail$ hav+ pray]s at home1 & c>ols on our ,savi\r's nativity4 ,?is act ( devotion 0 call$ ,pulg51 or ! cr[n+ ( ! cock4 ,x 0 a g5]al belief among ! sup]/iti\s t in/antly-- 8,at 8 w>n+1 ,:e!r 9 sea1 or fire1 9 e>?1 or air1 ,?' extravagant1 & err+ _s1 hies ,to 8 conf9e--0 ,dur+ ,*ri/mas "t1 ! cock 0 suppos$ to ex]t 8 p[] ?r\gh\t ! night1 f :i* no d\bt orig9at$ ! ,wel% ^w 8,pulg50 z appli$ to ?is cu/om4--,b+ley's ,t\r ,r\nd ,nor? ,wales1 #ahjj1 vol4 ii4 p4 #bbf4 ,at ,t5by x 0 cu/om>y at #d o'clock on ,*ri/mas morn+ = ! "y m5 ( ! t[n to escort ! rector ) light$ tor*es f 8 resid5ce to *ur*4--,mason's ,tales & ,traditions ( ,t5by1 #aheh1 p4 #d4 ,sometimes also be=e or aft] ,*ri/mas ,day ! fi%]m5 ( ,t5by dress$ up "o ( _! numb] :om !y call$ ! 8,"l ,mayor ( ,p5nyless ,cone10 ) a cov]+ ( ev]gre5s & a mask ov] 8 face2 !y w\ld !n c>ry him ab\t1 seat$ on a *air1 ) flags fly+1 & a c\ple ( viol9s play+ be=e him4 ,be=e e h\se ! 8,"l ,mayor0 w\ld address ! occupants1 wi%+ !m a m]ry ,*ri/mas & a happy new ye>4 ,if 8 good wi%es 7 respond$ to ) money 8 foll[]s gave ?ree *e]s1 ! masqu] w\ld himself return ?anks1 & ! cr[d aga9 *e]$4--,ibid4 p4 #e4 ,,scotl&4 ,9 "s p>ts ( ,scotl&1 he :o fir/ op5s ! door on ,yule ,day expects to prosp] m ?an any o!r memb] ( ! family dur+ ! future ye> because1 z ! vulg> express x1 8,he lets 9 yule40 ,on op5+ ! door1 x is cu/om>y ) "s to place 9 ! doorway a table or *air cov]$ ) a clean clo?2 &1 accord+ to _! own language1 to 8set on x bread & *eese to yule40 ,e>ly 9 ! morn+1 z soon z any "o ( ! family gets out ( b$1 a new besom is set beh9d ! out] door1 ! design be+ to 8let 9 yule40 ,^! sup]/itions1 9 :i* yule is n only p]sonifi$1 b treat$ z a deity1 are evid5tly ( hea!n orig94 ,x is common also to h a table cov]$ 9 ! h\se1 f morn+ until ev5+1 ) bread & dr9k ^u x1 t e "o :o calls may take a portion1 & x is consid]$ p>ticul>ly inauspici\s if any "o comes into a h\se & leaves x )\t do+ s4 ,:atev] numb] ( p]sons call on ?is day1 all mu/ p>take ( ! good *e]4--,m$4 vi ,kal5d4 vol4 i4 p4 #dh2 see ,jamieson1 ,etymol4 ,dict41 ,art4 ,yule4 ,any s]vant :o is suppos$ to h a due reg>d to ! int]e/s ( ! family1 & is n at ! same "t emancipat$ f ! yoke ( sup]/ition1 is c>eful to g e>ly to ! well on ,*ri/mas morn+ to draw wat]1 pull ! corn out ( ! sack1 & also to br+ kale f ! kit*5 g>d54 ,?is is int5d$ to insure prosp]ity to ! family 7,ibid4 p4 #ii74 ,x is 9 fact ! same z ! ,usque ,ca%ri*d1 :i* 0 notic$ among ! sup]/iti\s cu/oms ( ! fir/ ( ,janu>y4--,see p4 #ag4 ,! do+s ( ! guis>ds 7t is1 masqu]s71 says ,*amb]s 7,pop4 ,rhymes1 #ahgj1 p4 #afi71 =m a conspicu\s feature 9 ! ,new ,ye> proce$+s ?r\gh\t ,scotl&4 ,! ev5+s on :i* ^! p]sonages are und]/ood to be privileg$ to appe>1 are ^? ( ,*ri/mas1 ,hogmanay1 ,new ,ye>'s ,day1 & ,h&sel ,monday4 ,dress$ up 9 qua9t & fanta/ic attire1 !y s+ a selection ( songs :i* h be5 practis$ by !m "s weeks be=e4 ,!re 7 important do+s1 h[ev]1 "o ( a !atrical "*4 ,!re is "o rude & grotesque drama 7call$ ,galatian7 :i* !y are accu/om$ to p]=m on ea* ( ! f\r above-m5tion$ nights1 & :i* 9 v>i\s fragm5ts or v]sions exi/s 9 e "p ( ,l[l& ,scotl&4 ,! p]=m]s1 :o are nev] less ?an ?ree1 b sometimes z _m z six1 hav+ dress$ !mselves1 proce$ 9 a b& f h\se to h\se1 g5]ally cont5t+ !mselves ) ! kit*5 = an ar5a1 :i!r 9 mansions1 presid$ ov] by ! _s ( good hum\r1 ! :ole family w resort to witness ! sc5e ( mir?4--,see ,*amb]s' ,pop4 ,rhymes1 p4 #agj4 ,,angus-,,%ire4 ,at ,*ri/mas & ! ,new ,ye>1 ! opul5t burgh]s beg9 to fea/ ) _! fri5ds1 & g a r\nd ( visits1 :i* takes up ! space ( _m weeks4 ,^u su* occasions ! grave/ is expect$ to be m]ry1 & to jo9 9 a *e]ful song4--,s9clair1 ,/at4 ,acc4 ( ,scotl&1 #agic1 vol4 v4 p4 #dh4 ,,=f>%ire4 ,f ! same au?ority we le>n t1 9 ! p>i% ( ,kirkd51 on ,*ri/mas ,day1 ! s]vant is free f 8 ma/]1 & goes ab\t visit+ 8 fri5ds & acqua9tances4 ,! poore/ man mu/ h beef or mutton on ! table1 & :at !y call a d9n] ) _! fri5ds4 ,!y amuse !mselves ) v>i\s div]sions1 p>ticul>ly ) %oot+ = prizes1 call$ "h wad-%oot+1 & _m d b little bus9ess all ! ,*ri/mas week4--,ibid4 vol4 ii4 p4 #eji4 ,,ab]de5%ire4 ,*ri/mas morn is welcom$ at ,/4 ,f]gus by lib]al libations ( dr9k+-s[9s1 or1 z !y are call$ by ! old p1 knott+-s[9s2 & by ! ga!r+ ( fri5ds & neighb\rs ar\nd ! social he>?4 ,t ! humble/ h\sehold] 9 ! p>i% may h 8 ,*ri/mas cakes1 a di/ribution ( meal1 ! gift ( a b5evol5t individual1 is annually made by ! kirk-session on ,*ri/mas ,day1 to ! poor on ! roll4--,/at4 ,acc4 ( ,scotl&1 #ahde1 vol4 xii4 p4 #aih4 ,9 c]ta9 p>ts also ( ! c\nty ( ,ab]de51 ! cu/om ( n work+ dur+ ! ?ree days ( ,*ri/mas 7,old ,/yle7 is /ill kept up4 ,/raw1 t]m$ 8yule /raw10 is ga!r$ be=eh&1 & ev]y?+ ne$$ = food & fuel prep>$ 9 a simil> way1 s t ! fe/ival may be kept 9 peace4--,n4 ,q4 #crd ,s4 vol4 ii4 p4 #dhc4 ,,banff%ire4 ,9 ! acc\nt ( ,kei?1 giv5 9 ! ,/at4 ,acc4 ( ,scotl& 7#agic1 vol4 v4 p4 #dbh71 ! inhabitants are said to h no pa/imes or holidays except danc+ on ,*ri/mas & ,new ,ye>'s ,day4 ,,b]wick-,,^u-,,twe$4 ,full]1 9 8 ,hi/ory ( ,b]wick ^u ,twe$ 7#agii1 p4 #ddf71 allud+ to ! cu/oms ( t place1 says1 !re are f\r m5 call$ t[n waits1 :o belong to ! bor\gh4 ,_! bus9ess is to walk be=e ! mayor1 record]1 & ju/ices1 play+ on viol9s1 all ! way to & f *ur* on ,*ri/mas ,day1 ! day ( ! election ( a mayor1 & ,novemb] ! #e?4 ,!y also are oblig$ to att5d ^! g5tlem5 at _! f\r public d9n]s4 ,,! ,,highl&s4 ,z soon z ! bright5+ gl[ ( ! ea/]n sky w>ns ! anxi\s h\semaid ( ! approa* ( ,*ri/mas ,day1 %e rises1 full ( anxiety1 at ! prospect ( h] morn+ lab\rs4 ,! meal1 :i* 0 /eep$ 9 ! s[ans-b[ie a =tnight ago to make ! ,pre*dacdan s\r or s\r scones1 is ! fir/ object ( h] att5tion4 ,! gridiron is put on ! fire1 & ! s\r scones are soon foll[$ by h>d cakes1 s(t cakes1 butt]$ cakes1 bannocks1 & panni* p]m4 ,! bak+ be+ once ov]1 ! s[ans pot succe$s ! gridiron1 full ( new s[ans1 :i* are to be giv5 to ! family1 agreeably to cu/om1 ?is day 9 _! b$s4 ,! s[ans are boil$ into ! consi/5ce ( molasses1 :5 ! lagan-le-vri* or yea/-bread1 to di/+ui% x f boil$ s[ans1 is ready4 ,x is !n p\r$ into z _m bick]s z !re are individuals to p>take ( x1 & pres5tly s]v$ to ! :ole1 bo? old & "y4 ,z soon z ea* despat*es 8 bick]1 he jumps out ( b$--! eld] bran*es to exam9e ! om9\s signs ( ! day1 & ! y\ng] to ent] on its amusem5ts4 ,flock+ to ! sw+1 a fav\rite amusem5t on ?is occasion1 ! y\nge/ ( ! family gets ! fir/ 8%\d]10 & ! next olde/ to him 9 regul> succession4 ,9 ord] to add m to ! _s ( ! ex]cise1 x is a common practice ) ! p]son 9 ! sw+ & ! p]son appo9t$ to sw+ him to ent] into a v w>m & humor\s alt]cation4 ,z ! sw+$ p]son approa*es ! sw+]1 he exclaims1 8,ei mi tu *al10 8,i'll eat y\r kail40 ,to ?is ! sw+] replies1 ) a viol5t %ove1 8,*a ni u mu *al10 8,y %an't eat my kail40 ,^! ?reats & repulses are sometimes c>ri$ to su* a height z to break d[n or capsize ! ?reat5]1 :i* g5]ally puts an end to ! qu>rel4 ,z ! day advances ^? m9or amusem5ts are t]m9at$ at ! report ( ! gun or ! rattle ( ! ball clubs--! gun invit+ ! m>ksman to ! 8kiavamu*d10 or prize %oot+1 & ! latt] to 8,lu*d-v\il10 or ! ball combatants--bo? ! pr9cipal sports ( ! day4 ,tir$ at l5g? ( ! active amusem5ts ( ! field1 !y ex*ange !m = ! sub/antial ent]ta9m5t ( ! table4 ,groan+ "u ! 8,sonsy-haggis0 & _m o!r sav\ry da9ties unse5 = twelve mon?s be=e1 ! reli% communicat$ to ! company by ! appe>ance ( ! fe/ive bo>d is m easily conceiv$ ?an describ$4 ,! d9n] once despat*$1 ! fl[+ b[l succe$s & ! sp>kl+ glass flies to & fro l a weav]'s %uttle4 ,! re/ ( ! day is sp5t 9 danc+ & games4--,grant1 ,popul> ,sup]/itions ( ! ,highl&s4 ,,orkney4 ,a writ] 9 ! ,/at4 ,acc4 ( ,scotl& 7#ahde1 vol4 xv4 p4 #abg71 speak+ ( ,we/ray1 says3--,"o cu/om 9 ?is p>i% & common to ,orkney at l>ge1 is t ( all[+ ! s]vants f\r or five days' lib]ty at ,*ri/mas to enjoy !mselves1 only ! mo/ necess>y "p ( dome/ic "w1 ) due att5tion to ! be/ial on ! f>m1 is done on ^! days4 ,! ma/] ( ! h\se has also to keep up a well-furni%$ table = all 8 s]vants at ?is season4 ,,irel&4 ,at ,culdaff1 previ\s to ,*ri/mas1 x is cu/om>y ) ! lab\r+ classes to raffle = mutton1 :5 a suffici5t numb] c subscribe to defray ! co/ ( a %eep4 ,dur+ ! ,*ri/mas holidays !y amuse !mselves ) a game ( kamman1 :i* consi/s 9 impell+ a wood5 ball ) a crook$ /ick to a giv5 po9t1 :ile an adv]s>y endeav\rs to drive x 9 a contr>y direction4--,mason1 ,/at4 ,acc4 ( ,irel&1 #ahad1 vol4 ii4 p4 #afj4 ,,dec4 #bf4 ,,/4 ,,/eph5',s ,,day4 ,= "s unexpla9$ reason ,/4 ,/eph5's ,day 0 a great p]iod ) our ance/ors = ble$+ _! horses1 :i* 0 practis$ by p ( all ranks1 & recomm5d$ by ! old agricultural poet ,tuss]1 9 8 ,five ,hundr$ ,po9ts ( ,husb&ry 7*ap4 xxii4 /4 #af71 :o says3 8,y]1 ,*ri/mas be pass$1 let horsse be let blood1 ,= manie a purpose x doo? him mu* good2 ,! day ( ,s4 ,/eev5 old fa!rs did use2 ,if t d mislike !e1 "s o!r day *use40 ,mr4 ,d\ce says t ! practice 0 introduc$ into ?is c\ntry by ! ,danes4 ,naogeorgus1 accord+ to 8 translator1 ,b>naby ,googe1 ref]s to x1 & assigns a reason3 8,!n foll[e? ,sa9t ,/eph5's ,day1 :]eon do? e man1 ,8 horses jaunt & c\rse abrode1 z swiftly z he c1 ,until !y doe extreemely sweate1 & !n !y let !m blood2 ,= ?is be+ done ^u ?is day1 !y say do? d !m good1 ,& keepes !m f all maladies1 & sicknesse ?r\gh ! ye>e1 ,z if t ,/ev5 any "t took *>ge ( horses he>e40 ,9 explanation1 x may be /at$ t ! ,sa9t 0 ! patron ( horses1 & t on ?is day1 :i* ! ,g]mans call ,d] grosse ,pf]d/ag1 ! ,pope's /ud 0 physick$ & bl$ = ! sake ( ! blood :i* 0 suppos$ to be a rem$y 9 _m disord]s4 ,aubrey1 9 8 ,rema9s ( ,g5tilisme 7,,ms4 ,lansd4 #bbf71 says3 8,on ,/4 ,/eph5's day1 ! f>ri] came con/antly & bl\d$ all our c>t-horses40 ,9 ! 8,receipts & ,disbursem5ts ( ! canons ( ,/4 ,m>y 9 ,hunt+don10 is ! foll[+ entry3 8,item1 = lett+ our horses bl$e 9 ,*ry/masse weke1 iiijd40--,m$4 vi ,kal5d4 #ahda1 vol4 i4 p4 #aah4 ,*ri/mas ,boxes is a t]m n[ appli$ to gifts ( money at ,*ri/mas giv5 away on ,/4 ,/eph5's ,day1 commonly call$ ,box+ ,day1 :]eas1 anci5tly1 x signifi$ ! boxes 9 :i* gifts 7 deposit$4 ,^! boxes closely resembl$ ! ,roman ,paganalia1 = ! reception ( contributions at rural fe/ivals2 f :i* cu/om1 ) c]ta9 *anges1 is said to h be5 d]iv$ our ,*ri/mas ,boxes4 ,at ,pompeii h be5 f\nd e>!n boxes1 9 :i* money 0 slipp$ ?r\gh a hole4 ,aubrey f\nd "o fill$ ) ,roman d5>ii4--,timbs' ,some?+ = ,ev]ybody1 #ahfa1 p4 #aeb2 see ,n4 ,q4 #crd ,s4 vol4 xi4 pp4 #fe1 #ajg1 #afd1 #bde2 see also ,fosbroke's ,enclyclopdia ( ,antiquities1 #ahdj1 p4 #ffb4 ,,b$=d%ire4 ,9 ,b$=d%ire !re =m]ly exi/$ a cu/om ( ! poor begg+ ! brok5 victuals ! day aft] ,*ri/mas ,day4--,"t's ,telescope1 #ahbb1 p4 #bih4 ,,buck+ham%ire4 ,x is /at$ 9 ! ,p>liam5t>y ,returns 9 #aghf1 t "s l&1 !n let at #abl4 p] annum1 0 giv5 by ,sir ,hugh ,kite = ! poor ( ! p>i% ( ,clifton ,reynes4 ,x appe>s f a book1 9 ! cu/ody ( ! m9i/]1 dat$ #ahba1 compil$ by an antiqu>y = a hi/ory ( ! c\nty1 t ! rector holds a close ( pa/ure-gr\nd call$ ,kites1 :i* _h be5 =m]ly giv5 to support a lamp burn+ 9 ! *ur* ( ,clifton ,reynes1 b :i* 0 subject to a *>ge ( f9d+ "o small loaf1 a piece ( *eese1 & a p9t ( ale to e m>ri$ p]son1 & half-a-p9t = e unm>ri$ p]son1 resid5t 9 ,clifton on ! fea/ ( ,/4 ,/eph51 :5 !y walk$ 9 ! p>i% b\nd>ies 9 ,rogation week4 ,! close 0 annex$ to ! rectory 9 ! #ab? ( ,elizabe?4--,old ,engli% ,cu/oms & ,*>ities1 #ahdb1 p4 #abj4 ,!re 0 =m]ly a cu/om 9 ! p>i% ( ,drayton ,beau*amp call$ ,/eph5+4 ,all ! inhabitants us$ to g on ,/4 ,/eph5's ,day to ! rectory1 & eat z mu* bread & *eese & dr9k z mu* ale z !y *ose at ! exp5se ( ! rector4 ,! usage gave rise to s mu* riot+ t x 0 discont9u$1 & an annual sum 0 di/ribut$ in/ead 9 proportion to ! numb] ( ! claimants4 ,9 "t1 ! numb] ( inhabitants1 h[ev]1 increas$ s consid]ably1 t ab\t ! ye> #ahbg ! cu/om 0 dropp$4--,ibid4 p4 #aba4 ,,cambridge%ire4 ,/4 ,/eph5's ,day 0 =m]ly obs]v$ at ,cambridge4 ,slic]1 a "* 9 ! old play ( ! ,ord9>y says1 8,let ! ,corporal ,come sweat+ "u a brea/ ( mutton1 /uff$ ,) pudd+40 ,?is1 says ! annotator1 0 call$ ,/4 ,/eph5's pudd+2 x us$ =m]ly to be provid$ at ,/4 ,john's ,college1 ,cambridge1 uni=mly on ,/4 ,/eph5's ,day4--,dodsley's ,old ,plays1 #agba1 vol4 x4 p4 #bbi2 ,m$4 vi ,kal5d4 vol4 i4 p4 #aai4 ,,isle ,,( ,,man4 ,hunt+ ! wr5 has be5 a pa/ime 9 ! ,isle ( ,man f "t immemorial4 ,9 ,waldron's "t x 0 obs]v$ on ! #bd? ( ,decemb]1 ?\gh aft]w>ds x 0 obs]v$ on ,/4 ,/eph5's ,day4 ,?is s+ul> c]emony is f\nd$ on a tradition t1 9 =m] times1 a fairy ( uncommon beauty ex]t$ su* undue influ5ce ov] ! male population1 t %e1 at v>i\s times1 induc$1 by h] sweet voice1 numb]s to foll[ h] foot/eps1 till by degrees %e l$ !m into ! sea :]e !y p]i%$4 ,?is b>b>\s ex]cise ( p[] _h cont9u$ = a great l5g? ( "t1 till x 0 appreh5d$ t ! isl& w\ld be exhau/$ ( its def5d]s1 :5 a knight-errant sprang up1 :o discov]$ "s means ( c\nt]vail+ ! *>ms us$ by ?is sir51 & ev5 laid a plot = h] de/ruction1 :i* %e only escap$ at ! mom5t ( extreme haz>d by tak+ ! =m ( a wr54 ,b ?\gh %e evad$ in/ant annihilation1 a spell 0 ca/ ^u h] by :i* %e 0 condemn$1 on e succe$+ ,new ,ye>'s ,day1 to reanimate ! same =m ) ! def9ite s5t5ce t %e mu/ ultimately p]i% by human h&4 ,9 consequ5ce ( ?is leg5d1 on ! specifi$ anniv]s>y1 e man & boy 9 ! isl& 7except ^? :o h ?r[n (f ! trammels ( sup]/ition7 devote ! h\rs betwe5 sunrise & sunset to ! hope ( extirpat+ ! fairy1 & woe be to ! individual birds ( t species :o %[ !mselves on ?is fatal day to ! active enemies ( ! race2 !y are pursu$1 pelt$1 fir$ at1 & de/roy$1 )\t m]cy1 & _! fea!rs pres]v$ ) religi\s c>e1 x be+ an article ( belief t e "o ( ! relics ga!r$ 9 ?is laudable pursuit is an effective pres]vative f %ipwreck = "o ye>2 & t fi%]man w\ld be consid]$ extremely foolh>dy :o %\ld ent] ^u 8 occupation )\t su* a safegu>d2 :5 ! *ase ceases1 "o ( ! little victims is affix$ to ! top ( a long pole ) its w+s ext5d$1 & c>ri$ 9 front ( ! hunt]s1 :o m>* 9 procession to e h\se1 *ant+ ! foll[+ rhyme3 8,we hunt$ ! wr5 = ,rob9 ! ,bobb91 ,we hunt$ ! wr5 = ,jack ( ! ,c1 ,we hunt$ ! wr5 = ,rob9 ! ,bobb91 ,we hunt$ ! wr5 = e "o40 ,aft] mak+ ! usual circuit & collect+ all ! money !y c\ld obta91 !y laid ! wr5 on a bi] & c>ri$ x 9 procession to ! p>i% *ur*y>d1 :]e1 ) a :imsical k9d ( solemnity1 !y made a grave1 buri$ x & sang dirges ov] x 9 ! ,manks language1 :i* !y call h] knell4 ,aft] ! obsequies 7 p]=m$1 ! company1 outside ! *ur*y>d wall1 =m$ a circle & danc$ to music :i* !y _h provid$ = ! occasion4 ,at pres5t !re is n a p>ticul> day = pursu+ ! wr53 x is captur$ by boys alone1 :o foll[ ! old cu/om pr9cipally = amusem5t4 ,on ,/4 ,/eph5's ,day a gr\p ( boys g f door to door ) a wr5 susp5d$ by ! legs1 9 ! c5tre ( two hoops cross+ ea* o!r at "r angles1 decorat$ ) ev]gre5s & ribbons1 s++ l9es call$ ,hunt ! ,wr54 ,if at ! close ( ?is rhyme !y are =tunate en\gh to obta9 a small co91 !y give 9 return a fea!r ( ! wr52 & be=e ! close ( ! day ! little bird may sometimes be se5 hang+ ab\t fea!rless4 ,! c]emony ( ! int]m5t ( ?is bird 9 ! *ur*y>d1 at ! close ( ,/4 ,/eph5's ,day1 has long s9ce be5 ab&on$2 & ! sea-%ore or "s wa/e gr\nd 0 sub/itut$ 9 its place4 ,,norfolk4 ,x is an old cu/om 9 ! t[n ( ,ea/ ,d]eham1 to r+ a muffl$ peal f ! *ur* t[] on ! morn+ ( ,/4 ,/eph5's ,day4--,n4 ,q4 #crd ,s4 vol4 iii4 p4 #fi4 ,,ox=d%ire4 ,! ?ree vic>s ( ,bampton1 give beef & be] on ! morn+ ( ,/4 ,/eph5's ,day to ^? :o *oose to p>take ( x4 ,?is is call$ ,/4 ,/eph5's breakfa/4--,s\!y's ,common ,place ,book1 #d? ,s4 #ahea1 p4 #cie4 ,,york%ire4 ,a correspond5t ( ! ,g5t4 ,mag4 7#ahaa1 vol4 lxxxi4 pt4 i4 p4 #dbc7 says1 t 9 ! ,nor? ,rid+ ( ,york%ire on ! fea/ ( ,/4 ,/eph5 l>ge goose pies are made1 all ( :i* !y di/ribute among _! ne$y neighb\rs1 except "o1 :i* is c>efully laid up1 & n ta/$ till ! ,purification ( ! ,virg91 call$ ,c&lemas4 ,on ?is day1 also1 six y\?s1 clad 9 :ite & b$eck$ ) ribb&s1 ) swords 9 _! h&s1 travel f "o village to ano!r1 p]=m+ ! 8sword dance40 ,!y are att5d$ by a fiddl]1 a y\? :imsically dress$1 nam$ 8,bessy10 & by "o :o p]sonates a physician4 ,"o ( ! six y\?s acts ! "p ( a k+ 9 a sort ( f>ce1 :i* consi/s *iefly ( music & danc+1 :5 ! 8,bessy0 int]f]es :ile !y are mak+ a hexagon ) _! swords1 & is kill$4--,"t's ,telescope1 #ahad1 p4 #cae4 ,,wales4 ,on ,/4 ,/eph5's ,day1 ev]ybody is privileg$ to :ip ano!r p]son's legs ) holly1 & ?is is (t5 reciprocally done till ! blood /reams d[n4--,s\!y's ,common ,place ,book 7#ahea1 #d? ,s4 p4 #cfe74 ,9 ,mason's ,tales & ,traditions ( ,t5by 7#aheh1 p4 #e7 ?is cu/om is allud$ to z be+ celebrat$ at t place4 ,,irel&4 ,on ! anniv]s>y ( ,/4 ,/eph5 x is cu/om>y = gr\ps ( "y villag]s to be> ab\t a holly-bu% adorn$ ) ribbons1 & hav+ _m wr5s dep5d+ f x4 ,?is is c>ri$ f h\se to h\se ) "s c]emony1 ! 8wr5-boys0 *ant+ sev]al v]ses1 ! bur!n ( :i* may be collect$ f ! foll[+ l9es ( _! song3 8,! wr51 ! wr51 ! k+ ( all birds1 ,/4 ,/eph5's ,day 0 caught 9 ! furze1 ,al?\gh he is little1 8 family's great1 ,i pray y1 good l&lady1 give u a treat4 ,my box w\ld speak if x _h b a tongue1 ,& two or ?ree %ill+s w\ld d x no wrong2 ,s+ holly1 s+ ivy--s+ ivy1 s+ holly1 ,a drop j to dr9k1 x w\ld dr[n melan*oly4 ,& if y draw x ( ! be/1 ,i hope 9 ,heav5 y\r s\l may re/2 ,b if y draw x ( ! small1 ,x won't agree ) ! wr5-boys at all20 c41 c4 ,a small piece ( money is usually be/[$ on !m1 & ! ev5+ concludes 9 m]ry-mak+ ) ! money ?us collect$4--,crok]1 ,rese>*es 9 ! ,s\? ( ,irel&1 #ahbd1 p4 #bcc4 ,,dec4 #bh4 ,,holy ,,innoc5ts' ,,day4 ,9 consequ5ce probably ( ! feel+s ( horror atta*$ to su* an act ( atrocity z ,h]od's murd] ( ! *ildr51 ,innoc5ts' ,day us$ to be reckon$ ab\t ! mo/ unlucky ?r\gh\t ! ye>2 & 9 =m] times no "o :o c\ld possibly avoid x began any "w or ent]$ on any und]tak+ on ?is anniv]s>y4#if ,to _m ,*ild]mas ,day 0 especially inauspici\s4 ,x is said ( ! equally sup]/iti\s & unpr9cipl$ mon>*1 ,l\is ,,xi41 t he w\ld nev] p]=m any bus9ess1 or ent] into any discussion ab\t 8 affairs1 on ?is day1 & to make to him !n any proposal ( ! k9d 0 c]ta9 to exasp]ate him to ! utmo/4 ,we are in=m$ too t1 9 ,engl&1 on ! occasion ( ! coronation ( ,k+ ,edw>d ,,iv41 t solemnity :i* _h be5 orig9ally int5d$ to take place on ,sunday1 0 po/pon$ till ! ,monday1 ow+ to ! =m] day be+ 9 t ye> ! fe/ival ( ,*ild]mas4 ,?is idea ( ! inauspici\s nature ( ! day 0 long preval5t1 & is ev5 yet n :olly ext9ct4 ,to ! pres5t h\r ! h\sewives 9 ,cornwall1 & probably also 9 o!r p>ts ( ! c\ntry1 refra9 scrupul\sly f sc\r+ or scrubb+ on ,innoc5ts' ,day4--,book ( ,days1 vol4 ii4 p4 #ggf4 #if ,9 ! play ( ,sir ,john ,oldca/le1 ! preval5ce ( ?is belief is in/anc$ by an objection urg$ to an exp$ition propos$ on a ,friday3--8,friday1 quo?'a1 a dismal day2 ,c&lemas-day ?is ye> 0 ,friday40 ,x 01 moreov]1 n consid]$ lucky ^u ?is day to put on new clo!s or p>e ! nails4 ,9 #aeag1 h[ev]1 ,k+ ,h5ry ,,viii41 by an ord]1 enjo9$1 8t ! ,k+ ( ,cockneys1 on ,*ild]mas ,day1 %\ld sit & h due s]vice2 & t he & all 8 (fic]s %\ld use hone/ mann] & good ord]1 )\t any wa/e or de/ruction mak+ 9 w9e1 brawn1 *ely1 or o!r vitails2 & also t he & 8 m>%al1 butl]1 & con/able m>%al1 %\ld h _! lawful & hone/ comm&m5ts by deliv]y ( ! (fic]s ( ,*ri/mas1 & t ! said ,k+ ( ,cockneys1 he1 none ( 8 (fic]s1 m$yl nei!r 9 ! butt]y nor 9 ! /u>d ( ,*ri/mass1 8 (fic]1 ^u pa9 ( #djs4 = e su* m$dl+2 & la/ly1 t ,jack ,/raw & all 8 adh]5ts %\ld be !nce=? utt]ly bani%t1 & no m to be us$ 9 ?is h\se1 ^u pa9 to =feit1 = e "t1 five p\nds1 to be levi$ on e fell[ happ5+ to (f5d aga9/ ?is rule40--,e ,day ,book1 #ahfb1 vol4 i4 p4 #afdh2 ,dugdale's ,orig4 ,jurid4 ,x 0 at "o "t cu/om>y on ?is day to :ip ! juv5ile memb]s ( a family4 ,gregory rem>ks t 8x ha? be5 a cu/om1 & yet is else:]e1 to :ip up ! *ildr5 ^u ,innoc5ts' ,day morn+1 t ! memorie ( ?is mur!r might /ick ! clos]2 &1 9 a mod]ate proportion1 to act ov] ! crueltie aga9 9 k9d40 ,gregory also /ates ano!r cu/om1 on ! au?ority ( an old ritual belong+ to ! ,abbey ( ,os5ey1 communicat$ to him by 8 fri5d1 ,dr4 ,g]>d ,langba91 ! ,provo/ ( ,que5's ,college1 ,ox=d1 f :i* x appe>s t1 at ! *ur* ( ,os5ey1 8!y 7 wont to br+ out1 ^u ?is day1 ! foot ( a *ild prep>$ aft] _! fa%ion1 & put ^u ) r$ & black col\rs1 z to signify ! dismal "p ( ! day4 ,!y put ?is up 9 a *e/ 9 ! ve/ry1 ready to be produc$ at ! "t1 & to be solemnly c>ri$ ab\t ! *ur* to be ador$ by ! p40--,gregorie's ,works1 ,episcopus ,pu]orum 9 ,die ,innoc5tium1 #afhd1 p4 #aac4 ,,gl\ce/]%ire4 ,at ,wood*e/] a muffl$ peal is rung on ?is day4--,kal5d> ( ! ,engli% ,*ur*1 #ahff1 p4 #aid4 ,,nor?ampton%ire4 ,9 ,nor?ampton%ire ?is fe/ival 0 call$ 8,dyzemas ,day40 ,miss ,bak]1 9 h] ,gloss>y ( ,nor?ampton%ire ,words 7#ahed1 vol4 i4 p4 #bjg71 says %e 0 told by a sexag5>ian on ! s\!rn side ( ! c\nty t1 )9 8 remembrance1 ?is day 0 kept z sacr$ z ! ,sabba?1 & x 0 consid]$ p>ticul>ly unlucky to comm5ce any und]tak+1 or ev5 to wa%1 on ! same day ( ! week ?r\gh\t ! ye> on :i* ! anniv]s>y ( ?is day la/ fell1 & x 0 commonly said1 8,:at is begun on ,dyzemas ,day w nev] be f9i%$40 ,! s\rce ( ! ill-om5$ ,dyzemas has n be5 settl$3 its orig9 has be5 sugge/$ f ,greek dus1 & mass1 z be+ expressive ( mis=tune1 evil1 p]il1 9 allusion to ! massacre ( ! ,innoc5ts4 ,a correspond5t ( ,n4 ,q4 7#bnd ,s4 vol4 iii4 pp4 #bhi & #die7 asks if x has n ref]5ce to ! "n ,desmas1 giv5 to "o ( ! ?ieves crucifi$ ) our ,"l2 univ]sal tradition seem+ to atta* ,desmas to ! p5it5t1 & ,ge/as 7or ,yesmas7 to ! imp5it5t ?ief8 ,& if ! local tradition has any ref]5ce to ^! names1 x w\ld seem z if ,desmas 0 ! "n ( ill-om54 ,x has also be5 sugge/$ t ,dyzemas ,day is ti! day3 9 ,portuguese1 dizimas1 dizimos1 t5?s1 ti!s2 9 law ,lat91 decimae1 ! same4 ,timbs ?9ks x ref]able to ! old nor?-c\ntry ^w dis51 i4e41 to dress out 9 holiday f9]y1 especially at ?is fe/ive season4--,some?+ = ,ev]ybody1 7#ahfa1 p #aed74 ,,som]set%ire4 ,f "t immemorial a muffl$ peal has be5 rung on ?is fe/ival at ,leigh-^u-,m5dip4 ,at ,wells1 also1 on ?is day1 ! bells ( ! ca!dral r+ out a muffl$ peal 9 commemoration ( ! m>tyrdom ( ! ,innoc5ts4--,kal5d> ( ! ,*ur* ( ,engl&1 #ahff1 p4 #aid4 ,,worce/]%ire4 ,at ,norton1 ne> ,eve%am1 x is cu/om>y1 says a correspond5t ( ,n4 ,q4 7#a/ ,s4 vol4 viii4 p4 #fag71 to r+ fir/ a muffl$ peal = ! slaught] ( ! ,holy ,innoc5ts1 & !n an unmuffl$ peal ( joy = ! deliv]ance ( ! ,infant ,*ri/4 ,,irel&4 ,holy ,innoc5ts' ,day is ) ! ,iri% 8! cross day ( ! ye>10 :i* !y call 9 _! own tongue 8,la cro/a na bliana10 or sometimes 8,di> dao9 d>g10 ! latt] phrase signify+ 8blood ,?ursday40 ,on ?is day ! ,iri% h\sewife w n w>p ?read1 or p]mit x to be w>p$2 & ! ,iri% say t any?+ begun on ?is day mu/ h an unlucky end+4 ,! foll[+ leg5d reg>d+ ! day is curr5t 9 ! c\nty ( ,cl>e3-- ,betwe5 ! p>i%es ( ,qu9 & ,tulla 9 ?is c\nty is a lake call$ ,turl\gh4 ,9 ! lake is a little isl&1 & among a heap ( loose /ones 9 ! middle ( ! isl& rises a :ite ?orn-bu%1 :i* is call$ 8,scagh an ,e>la0 7! e>l's bu%74 ,a suit ( clo!s made = a *ild on ! 8,cross day10 or 8,di> dao9 d>g10 0 put on ! *ild--! *ild di$4 ,! clo!s 7 put on a second & on a ?ird *ild--!y also di$4 ,! p>5t ( ! *ildr5 at l5g? put out ! clo!s on ! 8,scagh an ,e>la10 & :5 ! wat]s fell :i* = a "t cov]$ ! bu%1 ! clo!s 7 f\nd to be full ( dead eels4 ,su* is ! /ory2 & o!r /ories l x are freely told ( ! consequ5ces ( comm5c+ "w on 8! cross day ( ! ye>0 9 ,irel&4--,n4 ,q4 #d? ,s4 vol4 xii4 p4 #ahe4 ,,dec4 #ca4 ,,new ,,ye>',s ,,eve4 ,! la/ night ( ! old ye> has be5 call$ ,s++-,e'en1 f ! cu/om ( s++ c>ols on ! ev5+ ( ?is day4 ,?is eve is call$ by ! ,wesleyan ,me?odi/s ,wat* ,night1 because at _! pr9cipal *apels ! m9i/]s & congregations hold a s]vice to wat* out ! old ye>1 i4e41 !y pray until ab\t five m9utes to twelve o'clock1 & !n obs]ve a pr(\nd sil5ce until ! clock /rikes1 :5 !y exult+ly bur/ =? ) a hymn ( praise & joy4 ,latt]ly1 ?is s]vice has be5 v g5]ally obs]v$ by evangelical *ur*m54--,see ,timbs' ,some?+ = ,ev]ybody1 #ahfa1 p4 #aef4 ,wassail-b[l4--,=m]ly1 at ?is season1 ! head ( ! h\se assembl$ 8 family ar\nd a b[l ( spic$ ale1 f :i* he drank _! heal?s1 !n pass$ x to ! re/1 t !y might dr9k too4 ,! ^w t pass$ among/ !m 0 ! anci5t ,saxon phrase1 wass hael2 t is1 to y\r heal?4 ,h5ce ?is came to be recognis$ z ! ,wassail or ,wassel-b[l4 ,! poor] class ( p c>ri$ a b[l adorn$ ) ribbons r\nd ! neighb\rhood1 begg+ = some?+ :]e) to obta9 ! means ( fill+ x4--,book ( ,days1 vol4 i4 p4 #bg2 ,see ,n>e's ,gloss>y 7,halliwell & ,wright71 #ahei1 vol4 ii4 p4 #idc2 ,antiqu>ian ,rep]tory1 vol4 i4 p4 #bah2 ,ritson's ,anci5t ,songs1 #agij1 p4 #cjd4 ,,cornwall4 ,new ,ye>'s ,day & ,eve are holidays ) ! m9]s4 ,x has be5 said !y refuse to "w on ^! days f sup]/iti\s reasons4--,hunt's ,romances ( ! ,we/ ( ,engl&1 #ahga1 p4 #cej4 ,,cumb]l&4 ,at ,munca/]1 on ! eve ( ! new ye>1 ! *ildr5 us$ to g f h\se to h\se s++ a ditty :i* craves ! b\nty 8!y 7 wont to h 9 old ,k+ ,edw>d's days40 ,no tradition exi/s z to ! orig9 ( ?is cu/om4 ,! donation 0 twop5ce or a pie at e h\se4--,hut*9son1 ,hi/ory ( ,cumb]l&1 #agid1 vol4 i4 p4 #egj1 note4 ,,d]by%ire4 ,on ,new ,ye>'s ,eve a cold possett1 z x is call$1 made ( milk1 ale1 eggs1 currants1 & spice1 is prep>$1 & 9 x is plac$ ! w$d+-r+ ( ! ho/ess2 ea* ( ! p>ty takes out a ladle full1 & 9 do+ s takes e precaution to fi% up ! r+1 z x is believ$ t :oev] is =tunate en\gh to 8cat*0 ! r+ w be m>ri$ be=e ! ye> is out4 ,on ! same night x is cu/om>y 9 "s di/ricts to ?r[ op5 all ! doors ( ! h\se j be=e midnight1 & to wait = ! com+ ye>1 z = an hon\r$ gue/1 by meet+ him z he approa*es1 & cry+1 8,welcome60--,j\r4 ( ! ,ar*4 ,assoc4 #aheb1 vol4 vii4 p4 #bja4 ,,gl\ce/]%ire4 ,on ,new ,ye>'s ,eve ! wassail]s g ab\t c>ry+ ) !m a l>ge b[l1 dress$ up ) g>l&s & ribbons1 & repeat ! foll[+ song3 8,wassail6 wassail6 all ov] ! t[n1 ,our toa/ x is :ite1 our ale x is br[n1 ,our b[l x is made ( a mapl9 tree2 ,we be good fell[s all1 ,i dr9k to !e4 ,"h's to our horse1 & to 8 "r e>1 ,god s5d our mai/] a happy ,new ,ye>2 ,a happy ,new ,ye> z e'er he did see-- ,) my wassail+ b[l ,i dr9k to !e4 ,"h's to our m>e & to h] "r eye1 ,god s5d our mi/ress a good ,*ri/mas pye3 ,a good ,*ri/mas pye z e'er ,i did see-- ,) my wassail+ b[l ,i dr9k to !e4 ,"h's to ,fil'pail c[ & to h] long tail1 ,god s5d our mea/] u nev] may fail ,( a cup ( good be]1 ,i pray y draw ne>1 ,& our jolly wassail x's !n y %all he>4 ,be "h any maids8 ,i suppose !re be "s1 ,sure !y w n let "y m5 /& on ! cold /one2 ,s+ hey1 ,o maids1 come trole back ! p91 ,& ! faire/ maid 9 ! h\se let u all 94 ,come1 butl]1 come br+ u a b[l ( ! be/3 ,i hope y\r s\l 9 heav5 w re/2 ,b if y d br+ u a b[l ( ! small1 ,!n d[n fall butl]1 b[l & all40 ,see ,dixon's ,anci5t ,poems1 #ahdf1 p4 #aii4 ,,isle ,,( ,,man4 ,9 _m ( ! upl& cottages x is cu/om>y = ! h\sewife1 aft] rak+ ! fire = ! night1 & j be=e /epp+ into b$1 to spread ! a%es smoo? ov] ! floor ) ! tongs 9 ! hope ( f9d+ 9 x1 next morn+1 ! tract ( a foot2 %\ld ! toes ( ?is om9\s pr9t po9t t[>ds ! door1 !n x is believ$ a memb] ( ! family w die 9 ! c\rse ( t ye>2 b %\ld ! heel ( ! fairy foot po9t 9 t direction1 !n x is firmly believ$ t ! family w be augm5t$ )9 ! same p]iod4--,tra91 ,hi/ory ( ,isle ( ,man1 #ahde1 vol4 ii4 p4 #aae4 ,,nott+ham%ire4 ,( ! ,new ,ye>'s cu/oms obs]v$ 9 ?is c\nty ! wassail 0 until rec5tly obs]v$ to a consid]able ext5t4 ,?is fri5dly cu/om 0 obs]v$ by ! "y wom5 ( ! village1 :o accu/om$ !mselves to g ab\t f door to door on ,new ,ye>'s ,eve1 neatly dress$ = ! occasion1 & be>+ a b[l ri*ly decorat$ ) ev]gre5s & ribb&s1 & fill$ ) a comp\nd ( ale1 roa/$ apples1 & toa/1 & season$ ) nutmeg & sug>4 ,! b[l 0 (f]$ to ! inmates ) ! s++ ( ! foll[+ among/ o!r v]ses3 8,good ma/]1 at y\r door1 ,our wassail we beg92 ,we all are maid5s poor1 ,s we pray y let u 91 ,& dr9k our wassail4 ,all hail1 wassail6 ,wassail1 wassail6 ,& dr9k our wassail60 ,j\r4 ( ! ,ar*4 ,assoc4 #ahec1 vol4 viii4 p4 #bcj4 ,on ?is night also1 9 _m p>ts ( ?is c\nty1 z well z 9 ,d]by%ire1 a muffl$ peal is rung on ! *ur* bells till twelve o'clock1 :5 ! b&ages are remov$ f ! bells :il/ ! clock is /rik+1 & a m]ry peal is in/antly /ruck up2 ?is is call$ 8r++ ! old ye> out & ! new ye> 940--,j\r4 ( ! ,ar*4 ,assoc41 #ahec1 vol4 viii4 p4 #bcj4 ,,ox=d%ire4 ,x is a cu/om at ,m]ton ,college1 says ,po9t]1 9 8 ,oxoni5sis ,academia 7#agdi1 p4 #bd71 on ! la/ night 9 ! ye> 7call$ ,scrut9y ,night71 = ! college s]vants1 all 9 a body1 to make _! appe>ance 9 ! hall be=e ! w>d5 & fell[s 7aft] supp]71 & !re to deliv] up ! keys1 s t if !y h committ$ any great crime 9 ! ye> _! keys are tak5 away1 & consequ5tly _! places1 o!rwise !y are ( c\rse deliv]$ to !m aga94 ,at ! op5+ ( ! scrut9y ! s5ior ,burs> makes ?is %ort spee*3 ,9 hoc scrut9io hc tria sunt propon5da1 ,mores s]vi5tium--num]us ,portioni/>um1 ,electio ,hortulanorum4 ,,isle ,,( ,,wight4 ,at ,y>m\? ! foll[+ dogg]el is sung at ! season ( ! new ye>3 8,wassal1 wassal to our t[n6 ,! cup is :ite & ! ale is br[n2 ,! cup is made ( ! a%5 tree1 ,& s is ! ale ( ! good b>ley2 ,little maid1 little maid1 turn ! p91 ,op5 ! door & let u come 92 ,god be "h1 ,god be !re1 ,i wi% y all a ,happy ,new ,ye>40 ,halliwell's ,popul> ,rhymes1 #ahdi1 p4 #bcf4 ,,york%ire4 ,at ,brad=d x is ! practice ( m5 & wom51 dress$ 9 /range co/umes1 ) black5$ faces1 & besoms 9 h&1 to ent] h\ses on ,new ,ye>'s ,eve s z to 8sweep out ! old ye>40--,n4 ,q4 #e? ,s4 vol4 i4 p4 #chc4 ,,scotl&4 ,hogmanay is ! univ]sal popul> "n 9 ,scotl& = ! la/ day ( ! ye>4 ,x is a day ( high fe/ival among "y & old--b p>ticul>ly ! "y1 :o d n reg>d any ( ! re/ ( ! ,daft ,days ) half s mu* int]e/4 ,x is /ill cu/om>y1 9 retir$ & primitive t[ns1 = ! *ildr5 ( ! poor] class ( p to get !mselves on t morn+ swaddl$ 9 a great %eet1 d\bl$ up 9 front1 s z to =m a va/ pocket1 & !n to g along ! /reets 9 little b&s1 call+ at ! doors ( ! weal?i] classes = an expect$ dole ( oat5 bread4 ,ea* *ild gets "o quadrant section ( oat-cake 7sometimes1 9 ! case ( p>ticul> cases1 improv$ by an addition ( *eese71 & ?is is call$ _! hogmanay4 ,9 expectation ( ! l>ge dem&s ?us made ^u !m1 ! h\sewives busy !mselves = sev]al days be=eh& 9 prep>+ a suitable quantity ( cakes4 ,! *ildr51 on com+ to ! door1 cry 8,hogmanay60 :i* is 9 itself a suffici5t ann\ncem5t ( _! dem&s2 b !re are o!r exclamations1 :i* ei!r are or might be us$ = ! same purpose4 ,"o ( ^! is3 8,hogmanay1 ,trollolay1 ,give u ( y\r :ite bread1 & none ( y\r grey60 ,:at is precisely meant by ! ^w hogmanay1 or by ! /ill m inexplicable trollolay1 has be5 a subject f]tile 9 dispute to ,scotti% antiqu>ies1 z ! read] w f9d by an inspection ( ! ,ar*ologia ,scotica4 ,a sugge/ion ( ! late ,pr(essor ,robison ( ,ed9burgh seems ! be/1 t ! ^w hogmanay 0 d]iv$ f ,au qui m5ez1 78,to ! misletoe g071 :i* mumm]s =m]ly cri$ 9 ,france at ,*ri/mas4 ,ano!r sugge/$ explanation is1 ,au queux m5ez--t is1 br+ to ! begg>s4 ,at ! same "t1 x 0 cu/om>y = ^! p]sons to ru% unc]emoni\sly into h\ses1 play+ antic tricks1 & bully+ ! inmates1 = ! money & *oice victuals1 cry+3 ,tire-lire 7ref]r+ to a small money-box !y c>ri$71 ma9t du blanc1 et po9t du bas40 ,^! v>i\s cries1 x mu/ be own$1 are z l z possible to 8,hogmanay1 trollolay1 give u ( y\r :ite bread1 & none ( y\r grey40--,*amb]s' ,pop4 ,rhymes ( ,scotl&1 #ahgj1 pp4 #afd-afe2 see ,hales's ,analysis ( ,*ronoloqy1 #ahcj1 vol4 i4 pp4 #ej1 #ea1 also ,n4 ,q4 #e? ,s4 vol4 ii4 pp4 #cbi1 #eag4 ,9 ,scotl& also1 ^u ! la/ ( ! old ye>1 ! *ildr5 g ab\t f door to door1 ask+ = bread & *eese1 :i* !y call 8,nog-money10 9 ^! words3 8,get up1 gude wife1 & b9no sweir 7i4e41 be n lazy71 ,& deal y\r cakes & *eese :ile y are "h2 ,= ! "t w come :5 ye'll be dead1 ,& nei!r ne$ y\r *eese nor bread40 ,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq4 #ahdi1 vol4 i4 p4 #ad4 ,,lan>k%ire4 ,at ! t[n ( ,bigg> 79 ! upp] w>d ( ,lan>k%ire7 x has be5 cu/om>y f "t immemorial among ! inhabitants to celebrate :at is call$ 8burn+ out ! old ye>40 ,= ?is purpose1 dur+ ! day ( ! #ca/ ( ,decemb]1 a l>ge quantity ( fuel is collect$1 consi/+ ( bran*es ( trees1 bru%wood1 & coals1 & plac$ 9 a heap at ! 8cross20 & ab\t n9e o'clock at night ! light+ ( ! fire is comm5c$1 surr\nd$ by a cr[d ( look]s-on1 :o ea* ?9k x a duty to ca/ into ! flam+ mass "s additional portion ( mat]ial1 ! :ole be+ suffici5t to ma9ta9 ! fire till next or ,new ,ye>'s ,day morn+ is f> advanc$4 ,fires are also k9dl$ on ! adjac5t hills to add to ! importance ( ! occasion4 ,x is consid]$ unlucky to give out a light to any "o on ! morn+ ( ! new ye>1 & !re=e if ! h\se-fire has be5 all[$ to become ext+ui%$1 rec\rse mu/ be _h to ! emb]s ( ! pile4 ,?is !n acc\nts = ! ma9t5ance ( ! fire up to a c]ta9 "t on ,new ,ye>'s ,day4 ,"s consid] ^! fires to be ! relics ( ,pagan or ( ,druidical rites ( ! d>k ages2 p]haps ( a p]iod z remote z t ( ! ,belta9e fires1 ! *ange ( circum/ances hav+ n[ alt]$ ^! fires1 bo? z to ! p>ticul> season ( ye> ( _! celebration1 & ( _! v>i\s religi\s =ms4--,n4 ,q4 #bnd ,s4 vol4 ix4 p4 #cbb4 ,,moray%ire4 ,9 ! village ( ,burghead1 situat$ on ! s\!rn %ore ( ! ,moray ,fri?1 ab\t n9e miles f ,elg91 ! c\nty t[n ( ,moray%ire1 ! foll[+ curi\s cu/om is obs]v$3 ,on ! ev5+ ( ! la/ day ( ,decemb] 7,old ,/yle71 ! y\?s ( ! village assemble ab\t dusk1 & make ! necess>y prep>ations = ! celebration ( ! 8,clavie40 ,proce$+ to "s %op !y dem& a /rong empty b>rel1 :i* is usually giv5 at once1 b if refus$ tak5 by =ce4 ,ano!r = break+ up1 & a quantity ( t> are likewise procur$ at ! same "t4 ,?us furni%$ !y repair to a p>ticul> spot close to ! sea-%ore1 & comm5ce op]ations4 ,a hole ab\t f\r in*es 9 diamet] is fir/ made 9 ! bottom ( ! /rong] b>rel1 into :i* ! end ( a /one pole1 five feet 9 l5g?1 is firmly fix$3 to /r5g!n _! hold a numb] ( supports are nail$ r\nd ! outside ( ! =m]1 & also closely r\nd ! latt]4 ,! t> is !n put into ! b>rel1 & set on fire1 & ! rema9+ "o be+ brok5 up1 /ave aft] /ave is ?r[n 9 until x is q full4 ,! 8,clavie10 already burn+ fi]cely1 is n[ %\ld]$ by "s /rong man1 & borne away at a rapid pace4 ,z soon z ! be>] gives signs ( exhau/ion1 ano!r will+ly takes 8 place2 & %\ld any ( ^? :o are hon\r$ to c>ry ! blaz+ load meet ) an accid5t1 z sometimes happ5s1 ! mis=tune incites no pity ev5 among 8 ne> relatives4 ,9 mak+ ! circuit ( ! village !y are said to conf9e !mselves to its old b\nd>ies4 ,=m]ly1 ! procession visit$ all ! fi%+-boats1 b ?is has be5 discont9u$ = "s "t4 ,hav+ gone ov] ! appo9t$ gr\nd1 ! 8,clavie0 is f9ally c>ri$ to a small artificial em95ce ne> ! po9t ( ! promontory1 & int]e/+ z be+ a portion ( ! anci5t =tifications1 sp>$ probably on acc\nt ( its be+ us$ = ?is purpose1 :]e a circul> heap ( /ones us$ to be ha/ily pil$ up1 9 ! holl[ c5tre ( :i* ! 8,clavie0 0 plac$ /ill burn+4 ,on ?is em95ce1 :i* is t]m$ ! 8durie10 ! pres5t proprietor has lately erect$ a small r\nd column1 ) a cavity 9 ! c5tre = admitt+ ! fire end ( ! pole1 & into ?is x is n[ plac$4 ,aft] be+ all[$ to burn on ! 8durie0 = a few m9utes1 ! 8,clavie0 is mo/ unc]emoni\sly hurl$ f its place1 & ! smok+ emb]s scatt]$ among ! assembl$ cr[d1 by :om1 9 less enlight5$ times1 !y 7 eag]ly caught at & fragm5ts ( !m c>ri$ home & c>efully pres]v$ z *>ms aga9/ wit*craft4 ,at "o "t sup]/ition inve/$ ! :ole proce$+s ) all ! solemnity ( a religi\s rite1 ! :ole population jo9+ 9 x z an act necess>y to ! welf>e & prosp]ity ( ! little community dur+ ! ye> ab\t to comm5ce4 ,! 8,clavie0 has n[1 h[ev]1 deg5]at$ into a m]e frolic1 kept up by ! y\ng/]s m = _! own amusem5t ?an = any b5efit :i* ! due p]=mance ( ! c]emony is believ$ to secure4--,n4 ,q4 #bnd ,s4 vol4 ix4 p4 #ch2 see also ,n4 ,q4 #bnd ,s4 vol4 ix4 pp4 #ajf1 #afi1 #bfi2 & ,book ( ,days1 vol4 ii4 pp4 #ghi-gia4 ,,orkney4 ,x 0 =m]ly ! cu/om 9 ,orkney = l>ge b&s ( ! common class ( p to assemble on ,new ,ye>'s ,eve1 & pay a r\nd ( visits1 s++ a song :i* comm5c$ z foll[s3 8,?is night x is guid ,new'r ,e'en's night1 ,we're a' "h ,que5 ,m>y's m52 ,& we're come "h to crave our "r1 ,& t's be=e our ,lady40 ,br&'s ,pop4 ,antiq4 #ahdi1 vol4 i4 p4 #i2 see ,*amb]s' ,pop4 ,rhymes ( ,scotl&1 #ahgj1 pp4 #afg1 #afh1 #cbd4 ,,irel&4 ,on ! la/ night ( ! ye> a cake is ?r[n aga9/ ! outside door ( ea* h\se by ! head ( ! family1 :i* c]emony is said to keep out hung] dur+ ! ensu+ "o4--,crok]1 ,rese>*es 9 ! ,s\? ( ,irel&1 #ahbd1 p4 #bcc4 ,a correspond5t ( ,n4 ,q4 7#e? ,s4 vol4 iii4 p4 #g7 says1 on ,new ,ye>'s ,day ab\t ! suburbs at ! ,c\nty ,d[n side ( ,belfa/1 ! boys run ab\t c>ry+ little twi/$ wisps ( /raw1 :i* !y (f] to p]sons :om !y meet1 or ?r[ into _! h\ses1 z ,new ,ye>'s (f]+s1 & expect to get 9 return any small pres5t1 su* z a little money or a piece ( bread4 ,ab\t ,gl5>m1 on ! coa/ ( ,c\nty ,antrim1 ! 8wisp0 is n us$1 b on ?is day ! boys g ab\t f h\se to h\se1 & are regal$ ) bannocks ( oat5 bread1 butt]$2 ^! bannocks are bak$ specially = ! occasion1 & are commonly small1 ?ick1 & r\nd1 & ) a hole ?r\gh ! c5tre4 ,any p]son :o ent]s a h\se on ,new ,ye>'s ,day mu/ ei!r eat or dr9k be=e leav+ x4 ,,index4 ,abb de ,liesse1 #dei ,abbot ( ,misrule1 #dei ,acres ,fair1 #chh ,adv5t ,bells1 #dca ,aga?a 7,/471 #cgd ,agnes' 7,/47 ,day1 #dg ,agnes' 7,/47 ,eve1 #df ,agnes' 7,/47 ,fa/1 #df ,alaf-mass1 #cdg ,ale1 ! ,:itsun1 #bgh ,allan ,day1 #cie ,alleluia1 ,fun]al ( !1 #de ,all ,fools' ,day1 #ahd ,all ,hall[s' ,day1 #cig ,all ,hall[ ,mass1 #ee ,all ,sa9ts' ,day1 #djd ,all ,s\ls' ,day1 #dji ,all ,s\ls' ,eve1 #dje ,&]mess1 #dcj ,&isop1 #dca ,&rew's 7,/471 ,day1 #dbi ,&rew's 7,/471 ,"u ,%aft1 #bdg ,&rois ,mess1 #dcj ,&rys ,day1 #dcj ,anne's 7,/47 ,day1 #cdf1 #ceg ,annunciation1 ,fe/ival (1 #ahj ,app>ition ( ,/4 ,mi*ael1 #bge ,apples1 giv5 away on ,new ,ye>'s ,day1 #e ,apples1 duck+ =1 on ,hall[e51 #cid ,apple-trees1 wassail+ (1 #dej ,april ,g\ks1 #ahg ,appr5tices' ,fea/1 #cee ,array1 ,c\rt (1 #bhg ,asc5sion ,day1 #baj ,a% ,w$nesday1 #hd ,a%ton faggot1 #ddf ,ass-ridl91 #aii ,assumption ( ! ,virg9 ,m>y1 #ceg ,aughrim1 battle (1 #cdj ,augu/1 ,gule (1 #cdg ,auld ,h&sel ,monday1 #ai ,avage or ,avisage1 #daf ,bac*us1 ,v]ses writt5 9 hon\r (1 #eh ,bacon1 gammon (1 eat5 at ,ea/]1 #afb ,bairn bi%op1 #bia ,bak]'s ,clem1 #dbc ,balmoral ,ca/le1 ,hall[e5 at1 #dja ,banni* ,bruad]1 #ij ,banni* ,junit1 #hi ,b>*an's 7,/47 ,day1 #dcg ,b>nabas' 7,/47 ,day1 #caj ,b>r+ out1 #gb ,b>?olomew's 7,/47 ,day1 #cfa ,b>ton ,fair1 #cgi ,bay1 us$ z a decoration at ,*ri/mas1 #deh ,beans1 k+s creat$ by1 #bj ,be>-bait+1 #che ,beat+ ! ,b\nds1 #baj ,beat+ ! ,cross1 #bac ,becket1 ,?omas--1 #cch ,becket's ,fair1 #cci ,b$=d%ire1 #aea1 #bje1 #bij1 #cgd1 #dci1 #dic ,bees1 ,sup]/ition reg>d+1 #dea ,bells1 #e1 #fb1 #hb1 #hg1 #dgf1 #dif1 #dii1 #ejj1 #ejd ,belte91 #bbc1 #bfi ,b]k%ire1 #aai1 #aeb1 #aia1 #aid1 #bcc1 #cdf1 #cgg1 #dci1 #dff ,bezant1 fe/ival at ,%aftesbury1 #bjg ,bible1 op5+ (1 on ,new ,ye>'s ,day1 #e ,bidd5ham ,cakes1 #afe ,b9d+ ,tuesday1 #ahh ,bir*1 us$ z a decoration at ,:itsuntide1 #bha ,black ,*]ry ,fair1 #ceg ,blaize's 7,/47 ,day1 #fj ,blasius 7,/471 #fj ,blayse 7,/47 ,night1 #fb ,bless+ ( ! ,br9e1 #baj ,blood ,?ursday1 #ejj ,bloody ,?ursday1 #adh ,bluecoats1 worn on ,/4 ,george's ,day1 #aic ,bo>'s ,head1 at ,*ri/mas1 #dee1 #dgj1 #dgc1 #dgg ,boat ,sunday1 #ddc ,boggons1 #cb ,bonfires1 #bb1 #fa1 #cac1 #cie ,b\nds1 beat+ ( !1 #baj ,b\nds ,?ursday1 #baj ,box+ ,day1 #dic ,boy's ,bailiff1 #bhg ,boy ,bi%op1 #bia1 #dcb ,boyne1 battle (1 #ccg ,braggot1 #aag ,braggot ,sunday1 #aag ,bread1 bak$ on ,good ,friday1 #adi ,bread ,mass1 #cdg ,brices' 7,/47 ,day1 #dba ,bride-,ale1 #bgh ,bridget's 7,/47 ,eve1 #cdd ,br9e1 bless+ ( !1 #baj ,buck+ham%ire1 #f1 #eh1 #fi1 #ace1 #afi1 #baj1 #bcd1 #bij1 #bia1 #cad1 #cbc1 #cca1 #ced1 #cgc1 #cij1 #dai1 #dbf1 #dfg1 #dic ,bull-bait+1 #cfi1 #dci ,bull-runn+1 #dba ,buns1 made on ,good ,friday1 #aej1 #aeg ,burn+ out ! ,old ,ye>1 #ejf #8,bury9' ,pet]1' #ccc ,bury+ ! ,mace1 #chj ,bu/>d1 eat5 at ,*ri/mas1 #def ,cake ,night1 #cih ,cambridge%ire1 #ci1 #aje1 #abc1 #bcd1 #cbc1 #ccd1 #cdc1 #dai1 #dbc1 #dbf1 #dfh1 #did ,c&les (f]$ to ,/4 ,blayse1 #fb ,c&le ,be>+1 #ed ,c&le ,day1 #dbh ,c&lemas ,ba'1 #eg ,c&lemas bleeze or blaze1 #ef ,c&lemas ,c&le1 #ee ,c&lemas ,day1 #ed ,c&lemas ,eve1 #eb ,c>d-play+ at ,*ri/mas1 #dfc ,c>e+ ,fair1 #aah ,c>e+ ,sunday1 #aai ,c>e ,sunday1 #aba ,c>l ,sunday1 #abb ,c>l+s1 #abb ,c>l+ ,groat1 #abc ,c>l+ ,sunday1 #abb ,c>ol ,s++1 #def #8,cat*+1' #aji ,ca!r9e's 7,/47 ,day1 #dbf ,ca!rn b[l1 #dbi ,catt]n ,day1 #dbf ,*alk-back-,day1 #cgj ,*>e ,?ursday1 #aci ,*>les ,i41 ,k+ ( ,engl&1 execution (1 #ej ,*>les ,,ii41 ,k+ ( ,engl&1 celebration ( ,twelf? ,night by1 #bi2 8 ,re/oration1 #cja ,*>lton ,fair1 #chg ,*eese1 giv5 away at ,*ri/mas1 #dhb ,*e%ire1 #fi1 #afi1 #aie1 #baj1 #bcd1 #bhc1 #cad1 #cbd1 #dje1 #dji1 #dda1 #ddf ,*ild]mas ,day1 #dih ,*ildr5's ,day1 #agg ,*imney ,sweep]s' ,dance1 #bca ,*opp+ at ! 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,cl]gy on ,asc5sion ,day1 #bac ,/eph5+1 #dic ,/eph5's 7,/47 ,day1 #dib ,/eph5's 7,/47 ,pudd+1 #did ,/ir-up-,sunday1 #dca ,subt]ranean ,*ri/mas ,bells1 #dgf ,suffolk1 #hf1 #bae1 #bfc1 #dha ,sug>-,cupp+1 #afe ,surrey1 #hf1 #acc1 #aef1 #bfc1 #bic1 #cda1 #ceg1 #cgc1 #cge ,sussex1 #aa1 #aeg1 #bfd1 #cha1 #chi1 #dad1 #dcj1 #ddc1 #dej ,swan-upp+1 #cdf ,sw>f ,p5ny1 #dbj #8,sweep+ ! ,girls1' #ajf ,swig1 #aac ,s)9's 7,/47 ,day1 #cda ,s)9's 7,/47 ,f>?+s1 #cda ,sword-dance1 #dhe ,t&]1 ,t&rew1 "n giv5 to ,/4 ,&rew's ,day1 #dcj ,tansy ,cake1 #afg ,t5bury ,fair ,day1 #aib ,t]m9alia1 #bjd ,?>ve ,cake1 #cj ,?omas' 7,/47 ,day1 #dch ,?omas' 7,/47 ,onion1 #dci #8,?omas91 go+ a1' #dda ,?re%+ ! ,h51 #fh ,?r[+ at ,cocks1 #ff #8,?r[+ ! ,d>t1' #cgj #8,?r[+ ! ,hood1' #cb ,tibba's 7,/47 ,day1 #dch ,timb] ,waits1 #bjc ,timbrel ,waits1 #bjc ,t9dles1 #dji ,t9ley1 #dje ,too?a*e1 rem$y =1 #dfd ,toot+-horn1 #ceb ,trap & ball1 #hf ,tr9ity ,monday1 #bif ,tr9ity ,sunday1 #bid ,trolollay1 d]ivation (1 #eje ,trundl+ ( ,eggs1 #agh ,turkey1 #adh1 #dfe ,tu? ,day1 #aib ,twelf? ,cake1 #bd ,twelf? ,day1 #bd ,twelf? ,night1 #bd ,twelf? ,night ,c>ds1 #be ,tynwald ,day1 #cbe ,usque-,ca%ri*d1 #dhh ,val5t9e's 7,/47 ,day1 #cge ,val5t9e's 7,/47 ,eve1 #ih ,val5t9es1 #aja ,val5t9e deal+1 #aje ,val5t9+1 #aje ,vessel ,cup1 #dfd ,vitus' 7,/47 ,day1 #caa ,virg9 ,m>y1 ,annunciation (1 #ahj2 ,assumption (1 #ceg2 ,nativity (1 #cgb2 ,purification (1 #ed ,wad-,%oot+1 #dhi ,waits1 #dfe1 #dhe ,wakes ,monday1 #djd ,wales1 #ce1 #hh1 #aac1 #acd1 #aeh1 #afh1 #agg1 #ahd1 #bbb1 #bfe1 #bhi1 #bie1 #big1 #cbj1 #cij1 #cih1 #daj1 #dbe1 #dde1 #dhf1 #dif ,walk ,money1 #ahc #8,walk+ ! 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,v5]able ,ar*deacon ,br[ne4 #es4 ---- ,politics & ,economics4 ,translat$ by ,e4 ,wal=d1 ,m4,a41 ) ,introduction by ,dr4 ,gillies4 #es4 ---- ,metaphysics4 ,translat$ by ! ,rev4 ,john ,h4 ,m',mahon1 ,m4,a4 #es4 ---- ,hi/ory ( ,animals4 ,trans4 by ,ri*>d ,cresswell1 ,m4,a4 #es4 ---- ,organon2 or1 ,logical ,treatises1 & ! ,introduction ( ,porphyry4 ,translat$ by ! ,rev4 ,o4 ,f4 ,ow51 ,m4,a4 #b vols4 #cs4 #f;d4 ea*4 ---- ,rhetoric & ,poetics4 ,trans4 by ,t4 ,buckley1 ,b4,a4 #es4 ,,arrian',s ,anabasis ( ,alex&]1 toge!r ) ! ,indica4 ,translat$ by ,e4 ,j4 ,*9nock1 ,m4,a41 ,,ll4,d4 ,) ,maps & ,plans4 #es4 ,,a!n,,u4 ,! ,deipnosophi/s2 or1 ! ,banquet ( ! ,le>n$4 ,trans4 by ,pr(4 ,c4 ,d4 ,yonge1 ,m4,a4 #c vols4 #es4 ea*4 ,,bacon',s ,moral & ,hi/orical ,works1 includ+ ! ,essays1 ,apoph!gms1 ,wisdom ( ! ,anci5ts1 ,new ,atlantis1 ,h5ry ,,vii41 ,h5ry ,,viii41 ,elizabe?1 ,h5ry ,pr9ce ( ,wales1 ,hi/ory ( ,great ,brita91 ,julius ,cs>1 & ,augu/us ,cs>4 ,edit$ by ,j4 ,devey1 ,m4,a4 #cs4 #f;d4 ---- ,novum ,organum & ,advancem5t ( ,le>n+4 ,edit$ by ,j4 ,devey1 ,m4,a4 #es4 ,,bass',s ,lexicon to ! ,greek ,te/am5t4 #bs4 ,,bax',s ,h&book ( ! ,hi/ory ( ,philosophy1 = ! use ( ,/ud5ts4 ,by ,e4 ,bel=t ,bax4 #es4 ,,beaumont & ,,flet*]1 _! f9e/ ,sc5es1 ,lyrics1 & o!r ,beauties1 select$ f ! :ole ( _! works1 & edit$ by ,leigh ,hunt4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,be*/e9',s ,cage & ,*amb] ,birds1 _! ,natural ,hi/ory1 ,habits1 ,food1 ,diseases1 & ,modes ( ,capture4 ,translat$1 ) consid]able additions on ,/ructure1 ,migration1 & ,economy1 by ,h4 ,g4 ,adams4 ,toge!r ) ,,sweet ,,briti% ,,w>bl]s4 ,) #dc col\r$ ,plates & ,woodcut ,illu/rations4 #es4 ,,b$e',s 7,v5]able7 ,ecclesia/ical ,hi/ory ( ,engl&4 ,toge!r ) ! ,,anglo-,,saxon ,,*ronicle4 ,edit$ by ,j4 ,a4 ,giles1 ,d4,c4,l4 ,) ,map4 #es4 ,,bell 7,sir ,*>les74 ,! ,anatomy & ,philosophy ( ,expression1 z connect$ ) ! ,f9e ,arts4 ,by ,sir ,*>les ,bell1 ,k4,h4 #g? edition1 revis$4 #es4 ,,b]keley 7,george71 ,bi%op ( ,cloyne1 ,! ,works (4 ,edit$ by ,george ,sampson4 ,) ,biographical ,introduction by ! ,"r ,hon4 ,a4 ,j4 ,balf\r1 ,m4,p4 #c vols4 #es4 ea*4 ,,bion4 ,see ,,!ocritus4 ,,bj,,rnson',s ,arne & ! ,fi%] ,lassie4 ,translat$ by ,w4 ,h4 ,l[1 ,m4,a4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,blair',s ,*ronological ,tables ,revis$ & ,enl>g$4 ,compreh5d+ ! ,*ronology & ,hi/ory ( ! ,_w1 f ! ,e>lie/ ,times to ! ,russian ,treaty ( ,peace1 ,april #ahef4 ,by ,j4 ,will\ghby ,rosse4 ,d\ble vol4 #ajs4 ,,bleek',s ,introduction to ! ,old ,te/am5t4 ,by ,fri$ri* ,bleek4 ,edit$ by ,johann ,bleek & ,adolf ,kamphaus54 ,translat$ by ,g4 ,h4 ,v5ables1 "u ! sup]vision ( ! ,rev4 ,canon ,v5ables4 #b vols4 #es4 ea*4 ,,boe?ius',s ,consolation ( ,philosophy4 ,k+ ,alfr$'s ,anglo-,saxon ,v]sion (4 ,) a lit]al ,engli% ,translation on opposite pages1 ,notes1 ,introduction1 & ,gloss>y1 by ,rev4 ,s4 ,fox1 ,m4,a4 #es4 ,,bohn',s ,diction>y ( ,poetical ,quotations4 #d? edition4 #fs4 ,,bohn',s ,h&books ( ,games4 ,new edition4 ,9 #b vols41 ) num]\s ,illu/rations4 #cs4 #f;d4 ea*4 ,vol4 ,i4--,,table ,,games3--,billi>ds1 ,bagatelle1 ,*ess1 ,draughts1 ,backgammon1 ,dom9oes1 ,solitaire1 ,rev]si1 ,g-,bang1 ,r\ge et ,noir1 ,r\lette1 ,e4,o41 ,haz>d1 ,f>o4 ,vol4 ,,ii4--,,c>d ,,games3--,:i/1 ,solo ,:i/1 ,pok]1 ,piquet1 ,ec>t1 ,eu*re1 ,bzique1 ,cribbage1 ,loo1 ,v+t-et-un1 ,napoleon1 ,newm>ket1 ,pope ,joan1 ,speculation1 c41 c4 ,,bond',s ,a ,h&y ,book ( ,rules & ,tables = v]ify+ ,dates ) ! ,*ri/ian ,era1 c4 ,giv+ an acc\nt ( ! ,*ief ,eras & ,sy/ems us$ by v>i\s ,nations2 ) ! easy ,me?ods = det]m9+ ! ,correspond+ ,dates4 ,by ,j4 ,j4 ,bond4 #es4 ,,bonomi',s ,n9eveh & its ,palaces4 #g ,plates & #bid ,woodcut ,illu/rations4 #es4 ,,boswell',s ,life ( ,johnson1 ) ! ,,t\r ,,9 ,,! ,,hebrides & ,,johnsoniana4 ,edit$ by ! ,rev4 ,a4 ,napi]1 ,m4,a4 ,) ,frontispiece to ea* vol4 #f vols4 #cs4 #f;d4 ea*4 ,,br&',s ,popul> ,antiquities ( ,engl&1 ,scotl&1 & ,irel&4 ,arrang$1 revis$1 & greatly enl>g$1 by ,sir ,h5ry ,ellis1 ,k4,h41 ,f4,r4,s41 c41 c4 #c vols4 #es4 ea*4 ,,brem]',s 7,fr$]ika7 ,works4 ,translat$ by ,m>y ,h[itt4 #d vols4 #cs4 #f;d4 ea*4 ,,bridgwat] ,,treatises4 ,bell 7,sir ,*>les7 on ! ,h&4 ,) num]\s ,woodcuts4 #es4 ,kirby on ! ,hi/ory1 ,habits1 & ,in/9cts ( ,animals4 ,edit$ by ,t4 ,rym] ,jones4 ,) upw>ds ( #ajj ,woodcuts4 ,vol4 ,i41 #es4 ,vol4 ,,ii4 out ( pr9t4 ,kidd on ! ,adaptation ( ,ext]nal ,nature to ! ,physical ,condition ( ,man4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,*alm]s on ! ,adaptation ( ,ext]nal ,nature to ! ,moral & ,intellectual ,con/itution ( ,man4 #es4 ,,br9k 7,b4 t57 ,e>ly ,engli% ,lit]ature4 ,by ,b]nh>d t5 ,br9k4 ,vol4 ,i4 ,to ,wyclif4 ,translat$ by ,horace ,m4 ,k5n$y4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,vol4 ,,ii4 ,wyclif1 ,*auc]1 ,e>lie/ ,drama ,r5aissance4 ,translat$ by ,w4 ,cl>ke ,rob9son1 ,ph4,d4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,vol4 ,,iii4 ,f ! ,f\rte5? ,c5tury to ! ,dea? ( ,surrey4 ,edit$ by ,dr4 ,alois ,br&l4 ,trans4 by ,l4 ,dora ,s*mitz4 #cs4 #f;d4 ---- ,five ,lectures on ,%akespe>e4 ,trans4 by ,julia ,frankl94 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,br[ne',s 7,sir ,?omas7 ,works4 ,edit$ by ,simon ,wilk94 #c vols4 #cs4 #f;d4 ea*4 ,,burke',s ,works4 #h vols4 #cs4 #f;d4 ea*4 ,i4--,v9dication ( ,natural ,society--,essay on ! ,sublime & ,beautiful1 & v>i\s ,political ,miscellanies4 ,,ii4--,reflections on ! ,fr5* ,revolution--,lett]s relat+ to ! ,bri/ol ,election--,spee* on ,fox's ,ea/ ,india ,bill1 c4 ,,iii4--,appeal f ! ,new to ! ,old ,:igs--,on ! ,nabob ( ,arcot's ,debts--,! ,ca?olic ,claims1 c4 ,,iv4--,report on ! ,affairs ( ,india1 & ,articles ( ,*>ge aga9/ ,w>r5 ,ha/+s4 ,v4--,conclusion ( ! ,articles ( ,*>ge aga9/ ,w>r5 ,ha/+s--,political ,lett]s on ! ,am]ican ,w>1 on a ,regicide ,peace1 to ! ,empress ( ,russia4 ,,vi4--,miscellane\s ,spee*es--,lett]s & ,fragm5ts--,abridgm5ts ( ,engli% ,hi/ory1 c4 ,) a ,g5]al ,index4 ,,vii4 ,,viii4--,spee*es on ! ,impea*m5t ( ,w>r5 ,ha/+s2 & ,lett]s4 ,) ,index4 ---- ,life4 ,by ,sir ,j4 ,prior4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,burney4 ,! ,e>ly ,di>y ( ,fanny ,burney 7,madame ,d',arblay71 #agfh-aggh4 ,) a selection f h] ,correspond5ce & f ! ,j\rnals ( h] si/]s1 ,susan & ,*>lotte ,burney4 ,edit$ by ,annie ,ra9e ,ellis4 #b vols4 #cs4 #f;d4 ea*4 ---- ,evel9a4 ,by ,frances ,burney 7,mme4 ,d',arblay74 ,) an ,introduction & ,notes by ,a4 ,r4 ,ellis4 #cs4 #f;d4 ---- ,cecilia4 ,) an ,introduction & ,notes by ,a4 ,r4 ,ellis4 #b vols4 #cs4 #f;d4 ea*4 ,,burn 7,r47 ,anci5t ,rome & its ,neighb\rhood4 ,an ,illu/rat$ ,h&book to ! ,ru9s 9 ! ,city & ! ,campagna1 = ! use ( ,travell]s4 ,by ,rob]t ,burn1 ,m4,a4 ,) num]\s ,illu/rations1 ,maps1 & ,plans4 #gs4 #f;d4 ,,burns 7,rob]t71 ,life (4 ,by ,j4 ,g4 ,lockh>t1 ,d4,c4,l4 ,a new & enl>g$ ,edition4 ,revis$ by ,william ,scott ,d\glas4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,burton',s 7,rob]t7 ,anatomy ( ,melan*oly4 ,edit$ by ! ,rev4 ,a4 ,r4 ,%illeto1 ,m4,a4 ,) ,introduction by ,a4 ,h4 ,bull51 & full ,index4 #c vols4 #cs4 #f;d4 ea*4 ,,burton 7,sir ,r4 ,f47 ,p]sonal ,n>rative ( a ,pilgrimage to ,al-,mad9ah & ,meccah4 ,by ,capta9 ,sir ,ri*>d ,f4 ,burton1 ,k4,c4,m4,g4 ,) an ,introduction by ,/anley ,lane-,poole1 & all ! orig9al ,illu/rations4 #b vols4 #cs4 #f;d4 ea*4 ,?is is ! copyright edition1 conta9+ ! au?or's late/ notes4 ,,butl]',s 7,bi%op7 ,analogy ( ,religion1 ,natural & ,reveal$1 to ! ,con/itution & ,c\rse ( ,nature2 toge!r ) two ,diss]tations on ,p]sonal ,id5tity & on ! ,nature ( ,virtue1 & ,fifte5 ,s]mons4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,butl]',s 7,samuel7 ,hudibras4 ,) ,v>iorum ,notes1 a ,biography1 ,portrait1 & #bh ,illu/rations4 #es4 ---- or1 fur!r ,illu/rat$ ) #fj ,outl9e ,portraits4 #b vols4 #es4 ea*4 ,c,,s>4 ,comm5t>ies on ! ,gallic & ,civil ,w>s41 ,translat$ by ,w4 ,a4 ,mc,devitte1 ,b4,a4 #es4 ,,camo5s' ,lusiad2 or1 ! ,discov]y ( ,india4 ,an ,epic ,poem4 ,translat$ by ,w4 ,j4 ,mickle4 #e? ,edition1 revis$ by ,e4 ,r4 ,hodges1 ,m4,c4,p4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,c>lyle',s ,fr5* ,revolution4 ,edit$ by ,j4 ,holl& ,rose1 ,litt4,d4 ,illus4 #c vols4 #es4 ea*4 ---- ,s>tor ,res>tus4 ,) #ge ,illu/rations by ,edmund ,j4 ,sullivan4 #es4 ,,c>p5t]',s 7,dr4 ,w4 ,b47 ,zoology4 ,revis$ ,edition1 by ,w4 ,s4 ,dallas1 ,f4 ,l4 ,s4 ,) v num]\s ,woodcuts4 ,vol4 ,i4 #fs4 ,vol4 ,,ii4 out ( pr9t4 ,,c>p5t]',s ,me*anical ,philosophy1 ,a/ronomy1 & ,horology4 #aha ,woodcuts4 #es4 ---- ,vegetable ,physiology & ,sy/ematic ,botany4 ,revis$ ,edition1 by ,e4 ,lanke/]1 ,m4,d41 c4 ,) v num]\s ,woodcuts4 #fs4 ---- ,animal ,physiology4 ,revis$ ,edition4 ,) upw>ds ( #cjj ,woodcuts4 #fs4 ,,ca/le 7,e47 ,s*ools & ,ma/]s ( ,f5ce1 f ! ,middle ,ages to ! ,end ( ! ,eighte5? ,c5tury4 ,by ,eg]ton ,ca/le1 ,m4,a41 ,f4,s4,a4 ,) a ,complete ,bibliography4 ,illu/rat$ ) #adj ,reproductions ( ,old ,engrav+s & #f ,plates ( ,swords1 %[+ #aad ,examples4 #fs4 ,,catt]mole',s ,ev5+s at ,haddon ,hall4 ,) #bd ,engrav+s on ,/eel f designs by ,catt]mole1 ! ,lett]press by ! ,b>oness de ,c>abella4 #es4 ,,catullus1 ,tibullus1 & ! ,vigil ( ,v5us4 ,a ,lit]al ,prose ,translation4 #es4 ,,cell9i 7,b5v5uto74 ,memoirs (1 writt5 by ,himself4 ,translat$ by ,?omas ,roscoe4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,c]vantes' ,don ,quixote de la ,man*a4 ,motteaux's ,translation revis$4 #b vols4 #cs4 #f;d4 ea*4 ---- ,galatea4 ,a ,pa/oral ,romance4 ,translat$ by ,g4 ,w4 ,j4 ,gyll4 #cs4 #f;d4 ---- ,exempl>y ,novels4 ,translat$ by ,walt] ,k4 ,kelly4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,*auc]',s ,poetical ,works4 ,edit$ by ,rob]t ,bell4 ,revis$ ,edition1 ) a ,prelim9>y ,essay by ,pr(4 ,w4 ,w4 ,skeat1 ,m4,a4 #d vols4 #cs4 #f;d4 ea*4 ,,*evreul on ,col\r4 ,translat$ f ! ,fr5* by ,*>les ,m>tel4 ,?ird ,edition1 ) ,plates1 #es42 or ) an additional s]ies ( #af ,plates 9 ,col\rs1 #gs4 #f;d4 ,,*9a1 ,pictorial1 ,descriptive1 & ,hi/orical4 ,) ,map & ne>ly #ajj ,illu/rations4 #es4 ,,*ronicles ,,( ,,! ,,crusades4 ,contempor>y ,n>ratives ( ! ,crusade ( ,ri*>d ,cur de ,lion1 by ,ri*>d ( ,devizes & ,ge(frey de ,v9sauf2 & ( ! ,crusade at ,/4 ,l\is1 by ,"l ,john de ,jo9ville4 #es4 ,,*ronicles ,,( ,,! ,,tombs4 ,a ,collection ( ,epitaphs by ,t4 ,j4 ,pettigrew1 ,f4,r4,s4 #es4 ,,cic]o',s ,orations4 ,translat$ by ,pr(4 ,c4 ,d4 ,yonge1 ,m4,a4 #d vols4 #es4 ea*4 ---- ,lett]s4 ,translat$ by ,evelyn ,s4 ,%uckburgh4 #d vols4 #es4 ea*4 ---- ,on ,oratory & ,orators4 ,) ,lett]s to ,qu9tus & ,brutus4 ,translat$ by ! ,rev4 ,j4 ,s4 ,watson1 ,m4,a1 #es4 ---- ,on ! ,nature ( ! ,gods1 ,div9ation1 ,fate1 ,laws1 a ,republic1 ,consul%ip4 ,translat$ by ,pr(4 ,c4 ,d4 ,yonge1 ,m4,a41 & ,francis ,b>ham4 #es4 ---- ,academics1 ,de ,f9ibus1 & ,tusculan ,que/ions4 ,by ,pr(4 ,c4 ,d4 ,yonge1 ,m4,a4 #es4 ---- ,(fices2 or1 ,moral ,duties4 ,cato ,major1 an ,essay on ,old ,age2 ,llius1 an ,essay on ,fri5d%ip2 ,scipio's ,dream2 ,p>adoxes2 ,lett] to ,qu9tus on ,magi/rates4 ,translat$ by ,c4 ,r4 ,edmonds4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,cl>k',s 7,hugh7 ,introduction to ,h]aldry4 #ah? ,edition1 ,revis$ & ,enl>g$ by ,j4 ,r4 ,plan*1 ,r\ge ,croix4 ,) ne>ly #ajjj ,illu/rations4 #es4 ,or ) ! ,illu/rations ,col\r$1 #aes4 ,,classic ,,tales1 conta9+ ,rasselas1 ,vic> ( ,wakefield1 ,gulliv]'s ,travels1 & ,! ,s5tim5tal ,j\rney4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,col]idge',s 7,s4 ,t47 ,fri5d4 ,a ,s]ies ( ,essays on ,morals1 ,politics1 & ,religion4 #cs4 #f;d4 ---- ,aids to ,reflection1 & ! ,,confessions ,,( ,,an ,,inquir+ ,,_s1 to :i* are add$ ! ,,essays ,,on ,,fai? & ! ,,book ,,( ,,common ,,pray]4 #cs4 #f;d4 ---- ,lectures & ,notes on ,%akespe>e & o!r ,engli% ,poets4 ,edit$ by ,t4 ,a%e4 #cs4 #f;d4 ---- ,biographia ,lit]>ia2 toge!r ) ,two ,lay ,s]mons4 #cs4 #f;d4 ---- ,biographia ,epi/ol>is4 ,edit$ by ,ar?ur ,turnbull4 #cs4 #f;d4 ---- ,table-,talk & ,omniana4 ,edit$ by ,t4 ,a%e1 ,b4,a4 #cs4 #f;d4 ---- ,miscellanies1 /hetic & ,lit]>y2 to :i* is add$1 ,,! ,,!ory ,,( ,,life4 ,collect$ & arrang$ by ,t4 ,a%e1 ,b4,a4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,comte',s ,positive ,philosophy4 ,translat$ & cond5s$ by ,h>riet ,m>t9eau4 ,) ,introduction by ,fr$]ic ,h>rison4 #c vols4 #es4 ea*4 ---- ,philosophy ( ! ,sci5ces1 be+ an ,exposition ( ! ,pr9ciples ( ! ,c\rs de ,philosophie ,positive4 ,by ,g4 ,h4 ,lewes4 #es4 ,,cond',s ,hi/ory ( ! ,dom9ion ( ! ,arabs 9 ,spa94 ,translat$ by ,mrs4 ,fo/]4 #c vols4 #cs4 #f;d4 ea*4 ,,coop]',s ,biographical ,diction>y4 ,conta9+ ,concise ,notices 7upw>ds ( #ae1jjj7 ( ,em95t ,p]sons ( all ,ages & ,c\ntries4 ,by ,?ompson ,coop]1 ,f4,s4,a4 ,) a ,supplem5t1 br++ ! "w d[n to #ahhc4 #b vols4 #es4 ea*4 ,,cornelius ,,nepos4--,see ,,ju/94 ,,coxe',s ,memoirs ( ! ,duke ( ,m>lbor\gh4 ,) 8 orig9al ,correspond5ce4 ,by ,w4 ,coxe1 ,m4,a41 ,f4,r4,s4 ,revis$ edition by ,john ,wade4 #c vols4 #cs4 #f;d4 ea*4 ---- ,hi/ory ( ! ,h\se ( ,au/ria 7#abah-agib74 ,) a ,cont9uation f ! ,accession ( ,francis ,i4 to ! ,revolution ( #ahdh4 #d vols4 #cs4 #f;d4 ea*4 ,,craik',s 7,g4 ,l47 ,pursuit ( ,k "u ,difficulties4 ,illu/rat$ by ,anecdotes & ,memoirs4 ,revis$ edition1 ) num]\s ,woodcut ,portraits & ,plates4 #es4 ,,cunn+ham',s ,lives ( ! ,mo/ ,em95t ,briti% ,pa9t]s4 ,a ,new ,edition1 ) ,notes & ,sixte5 fre% ,lives4 ,by ,mrs4 ,heaton4 #c vols4 #cs4 #f;d4 ea*4 ,,dante4 ,div9e ,com$y4 ,translat$ by ! ,rev4 ,h4 ,f4 ,c>y1 ,m4,a4 ,new ,edition1 by ,m4 ,l4 ,eg]ton-,ca/le4 #cs4 #f;d4 ---- ,translat$ into ,engli% ,v]se by ,i4 ,c4 ,wright1 ,m4,a4 #crd ,edition1 revis$4 ,) ,portrait1 & #cd ,illu/rations on ,/eel1 aft] ,flaxman4 ,,dante4 ,! ,inf]no4 ,a ,lit]al ,prose ,translation1 ) ! ,text ( ! ,orig9al pr9t$ on ! same page4 ,by ,john ,a4 ,c>lyle1 ,m4,d4 #es4 ,,de ,,comm9es 7,philip71 ,memoirs (4 ,conta9+ ! ,hi/ories ( ,l\is ,,xi4 & ,*>les ,,viii41 ,k+s ( ,france1 & ,*>les ! ,bold1 ,duke ( ,burgundy4 ,toge!r ) ! ,sc&al\s ,*ronicle1 or ,secret ,hi/ory ( ,l\is ,,xi41 by ,jean de ,troyes4 ,translat$ by ,&rew ,r4 ,scoble4 ,) ,portraits4 #b vols4 #cs4 #f;d4 ea*4 ,,defoe',s ,novels & ,miscellane\s ,works4 ,) ,prefaces & ,notes1 includ+ ^? attribut$ to ,sir ,w4 ,scott4 #g vols4 #cs4 #f;d4 ea*4 ,i4--,capta9 ,s+leton1 & ,colonel ,jack4 ,,ii4--,memoirs ( a ,cavali]1 ,capta9 ,c>leton1 ,dickory ,cronke1 c4 ,,iii4--,moll ,fl&]s1 & ! ,hi/ory ( ! ,devil4 ,,iv4--,roxana1 & ,life ( ,mrs4 ,*ri/ian ,davies4 ,v4--,hi/ory ( ! ,great ,plague ( ,london1 #affe2 ,! ,/orm 7#agjc72 & ! ,true-born ,engli%man4 ,,vi4--,duncan ,campbell1 ,new ,voyage r\nd ! ,_w1 & ,political ,tracts4 ,,vii4--,rob9son ,crusoe1 #cs4 #f;d4 ,also ) #hf ,illu/rations4 #es4 ,,demm9',s ,hi/ory ( ,arms & ,arm\r1 f ! ,e>lie/ ,p]iod4 ,by ,augu/e ,demm94 ,translat$ by ,c4 ,c4 ,black1 ,m4,a4 ,) ne>ly #bjjj ,illu/rations4 #gs4 #f;d4 ,,demo/h5es' ,orations4 ,translat$ by ,c4 ,rann ,k5n$y4 #e vols4 ,vol4 ,i41 #cs4 #f;d42 ,vols4 ,,ii4-,v41 #es4 ea*4 ,,de ,,/a,l',s ,cor9ne or ,italy4 ,by ,madame de ,/al4 ,translat$ by ,emily ,baldw9 & ,paul9a ,driv]4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,diction>y ( ,lat9 & ,greek ,quotations2 includ+ ,prov]bs1 ,maxims1 ,mottoes1 ,law ,t]ms & ,phrases4 ,) all ! ,quantities m>k$1 & ,engli% ,translations4 ,) ,index ,v]borum 7#fbb pages74 #es4 ,,diction>y ( ,obsolete & ,prov9cial ,engli%4 ,compil$ by ,?omas ,wright1 ,m4,a41 ,f4,s4,a41 c4 #b vols4 #es4 ea*4 ,,didron',s ,*ri/ian ,iconography3 a ,hi/ory ( ,*ri/ian ,art 9 ! ,middle ,ages4 ,translat$ by ,e4 ,j4 ,mill+ton & complet$ by ,m>g>et ,/okes4 ,) #bdj ,illu/rations4 #b vols4 #es4 ea*4 ,,diog5es ,,la]tius4 ,lives & ,op9ions ( ! ,anci5t ,philosoph]s4 ,translat$ by ,pr(4 ,c4 ,d4 ,yonge1 ,m4,a4 #es4 ,,dobree',s ,adv]s>ia4 ,edit$ by ! late ,pr(4 ,wagn]4 #b vols4 #es4 ea*4 ,,dodd',s ,epigrammati/s4 ,a ,selection f ! ,epigrammatic ,lit]ature ( ,anci5t1 ,m$ival1 & ,mod]n ,times4 ,by ! ,rev4 ,h5ry ,philip ,dodd1 ,m4,a4 ,ox=d4 #bnd ,edition1 revis$ & enl>g$4 #fs4 ,,donaldson',s ,! ,!atre ( ! ,greeks4 ,a ,treatise on ! ,hi/ory & ,exhibition ( ! ,greek ,drama4 ,) num]\s ,illu/rations & #c ,plans4 ,by ,john ,william ,donaldson1 ,d4,d4 #es4 ,,drap]',s ,hi/ory ( ! ,intellectual ,developm5t ( ,europe4 ,by ,john ,william ,drap]1 ,m4,d41 ,,ll4,d4 #b vols4 #es4 ea*4 ,,dunlop',s ,hi/ory ( ,fiction4 ,a new ,edition4 ,revis$ by ,h5ry ,wilson4 #b vols4 #es4 ea*4 ,,dy]',s ,hi/ory ( ,mod]n ,europe1 f ! ,fall ( ,con/ant9ople4 #crd edition1 revis$ & cont9u$ to ! end ( ! ,n9ete5? ,c5tury4 ,by ,ar?ur ,hassall1 ,m4,a4 #f vols4 #cs4 #f;d4 ea*4 ,,dy]',s 7,dr4 ,t4 ,h47 ,pompeii3 its ,build+s & ,antiquities4 ,by ,t4 ,h4 ,dy]1 ,,ll4,d4 ,) ne>ly #cjj ,wood ,engrav+s1 a l>ge ,map1 & a ,plan ( ! ,=um4 #gs4 #f;d4 ,,dy] 7,t4 ,f4 ,t47 ,briti% ,popul> ,cu/oms1 ,pres5t & ,pa/4 ,an ,acc\nt ( ! v>i\s ,games & ,cu/oms associat$ ) ,diff]5t ,days ( ! ,ye> 9 ! ,briti% ,isles1 arrang$ accord+ to ! ,cal5d>4 ,by ! ,rev4 ,t4 ,f4 ,?iselton ,dy]1 ,m4,a4 #es4 ,,eb]s' ,egyptian ,pr9cess4 ,an ,hi/orical ,novel4 ,by ,george ,eb]s4 ,translat$ by ,e4 ,s4 ,bu*heim4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,edgewor?',s ,/ories = ,*ildr54 ,) #h ,illu/rations by ,l4 ,spe$4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,elze',s ,william ,%akespe>e4--,see ,,%akespe>e4 ,,em]son',s ,works4 #e vols4 #cs4 #f;d4 ea*4 ,i4--,essays & ,repres5tative ,m54 ,,ii4--,engli% ,traits1 ,nature1 & ,conduct ( ,life4 ,,iii4--,society & ,solitude--,lett]s & ,social ,aims--,addresses4 ,,iv4--,miscellane\s ,pieces4 ,v4--,poems4 ,,epictetus1 ,! ,disc\rses (4 ,) ! ,,en*eiridion & ,fragm5ts4 ,translat$ by ,george ,long1 ,m4,a4 #es4 ,,euripides4 ,a ,new ,lit]al ,translation 9 ,prose4 ,by ,e4 ,p4 ,col]idge1 ,m4,a4 #b vols4 #es4 ea*4 ,,eutropius4--,see ,,ju/94 ,,eusebius ,,pamphilus1 ,ecclesia/ical ,hi/ory (4 ,translat$ by ,rev4 ,c4 ,f4 ,cruse1 ,m4,a4 #es4 ,,evelyn',s ,di>y & ,correspond5ce4 ,edit$ f ! ,orig9al ,,mss4 by ,w4 ,bray1 ,f4,a4,s4 ,) #de engrav+s4 #d vols4 #es4 ea*4 ,,fairholt',s ,co/ume 9 ,engl&4 ,a ,hi/ory ( ,dress to ! end ( ! ,eighte5? ,c5tury4 #crd ,edition1 revis$1 by ,visc\nt ,dillon1 ,v4,p4,s4,a4 ,illu/rat$ ) above #gjj ,engrav+s4 #b vols4 #es4 ea*4 ,,field+',s ,adv5tures ( ,joseph ,&rews & 8 ,fri5d ,mr4 ,abraham ,adams4 ,) ,cruik%ank's ,illu/rations4 #cs4 #f;d4 ---- ,hi/ory ( ,tom ,jones1 a ,f\ndl+4 ,) ,cruik%ank's ,illu/rations4 #b vols4 #cs4 #f;d4 ea*4 ---- ,amelia4 ,) ,cruik%ank's ,illu/rations4 #es4 ,,flaxman',s ,lectures on ,sculpture4 ,by ,john ,flaxman1 ,r4,a4 ,) ,portrait & #ec ,plates4 #fs4 ,,fo/]',s 7,john7 ,essays3 on ,decision ( ,"*2 on a ,man's writ+ ,memoirs ( ,himself2 on ! epi!t ,romantic2 on ! av]sion ( ,m5 ( ,ta/e to ,evangelical ,religion4 #cs4 #f;d4 ---- ,essays on ! ,evils ( ,popul> ,ignorance2 to :i* is add$1 a ,disc\rse on ! ,propagation ( ,*ri/ianity 9 ,india4 #cs4 #f;d4 ---- ,essays on ! ,improvem5t ( ,"t4 ,) ,,notes ,,( ,,s]mons & o!r ,pieces4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,gasp>y',s ,hi/ory ( ,italian ,lit]ature to ! ,dea? ( ,dante4 ,translat$ by ,h]man ,oelsn]1 ,m4,a41 ,ph4,d4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,ge(frey ,,( ,,monm\?1 ,*ronicle (4--,see ,old ,engli% ,*ronicles4 ,,ge/a ,,romanorum1 or ,ent]ta9+ ,moral ,/ories inv5t$ by ! ,monks4 ,translat$ by ! ,rev4 ,*>les ,swan4 ,revis$ ,edition1 by ,wynn>d ,hoop]1 ,b4,a4 #es4 ,,gildas1 ,*ronicles (4--,see ,old ,engli% ,*ronicles4 ,,gibbon',s ,decl9e & ,fall ( ! ,roman ,empire4 ,complete & ,unabridg$1 ) ,v>iorum ,notes4 ,edit$ by an ,engli% ,*ur*man4 ,) #b ,maps & ,portrait4 #g vols4 #cs4 #f;d4 ea*4 ,,gilb>t',s ,hi/ory1 ,pr9ciples1 & ,practice ( ,bank+4 ,by ! late ,j4 ,w4 ,gilb>t1 ,f4,r4,s4 ,new ,edition 7#aijg71 revis$ by ,erne/ ,sykes4 #b vols4 #es4 ea*4 ,,gil ,,blas1 ,! ,adv5tures (4 ,translat$ f ! ,fr5* ( ,lesage by ,smollett4 ,) #bd ,engrav+s on ,/eel1 aft] ,smirke1 & #aj ,et*+s by ,george ,cruik%ank4 #fs4 ,,giraldus ,,cambr5sis' ,hi/orical ,works4 ,translat$ by ,?4 ,=e/]1 ,m4,a41 & ,sir ,r4 ,colt ,ho>e4 ,revis$ ,edition1 ,edit$ by ,?omas ,wright1 ,m4,a41 ,f4,s4,a4 #es4 ,,goe!',s ,fau/4 ,"p ,i4 ,g]man ,text ) ,hayw>d's ,prose ,translation & ,notes4 ,revis$ by ,c4 ,a4 ,bu*heim1 ,ph4,d4 #es4 ,,goe!',s ,works4 ,translat$ into ,engli% by v>i\s h&s4 #ad vols4 #cs4 #f;d4 ea*4 ,i4 & ,,ii4--,poetry & ,tru? f ,my ,own ,life4 ,new & revis$ edition4 ,,iii4--,fau/4 ,two ,p>ts1 complete4 7,swanwick47 ,,iv4--,novels & ,tales4 ,v4--,wilhelm ,mei/]'s ,appr5tice%ip4 ,,vi4--,conv]sations ) ,eck]mann & ,soret4 ,,viii4--,dramatic ,works4 ,,ix4--,wilhelm ,mei/]'s ,travels4 ,x4--,t\r 9 ,italy1 & ,second ,resid5ce 9 ,rome4 ,,xi4--,miscellane\s ,travels4 ,,xii4--,e>ly & ,miscellane\s ,lett]s4 ,,xiii4--,correspond5ce ) ,zelt] 7out ( pr9t74 ,,xiv4--,re9eke ,fox1 ,we/-,ea/]n ,divan & ,a*illeid4 ,,goldsmi?',s ,works4 ,a new ,edition1 by ,j4 ,w4 ,m4 ,gibbs4 #e vols4 #cs4 #f;d4 ea*4 ,,grammont',s ,memoirs ( ! ,c\rt ( ,*>les ,,ii4 ,edit$ by ,sir ,walt] ,scott4 ,toge!r ) ! ,,boscobel ,,tracts1 includ+ two n be=e publi%$1 c4 ,new ,edition4 #es4 ,,gray',s ,lett]s4 ,includ+ ! ,correspond5ce ( ,gray & ,mason4 ,edit$ by ! ,rev4 ,d4 ,c4 ,tovey1 ,m4,a4 ,vols4 ,i4 & ,,ii4 #cs4 #f;d4 ea*4 7,vol4 ,,iii4 9 ! ,press47 ,,greek ,,an?ology4 ,translat$ by ,george ,burges1 ,m4,a4 #es4 ,,greek ,,romances ( ,heliodorus1 ,longus1 & ,a*illes ,tatius--viz41 ,! ,adv5tures ( ,!ag5es ,*>iclea2 ,am\rs ( ,daphnis & ,*loe2 & ,loves ( ,clitopho & ,leucippe4 ,translat$ by ,rev4 ,r4 ,smi?1 ,m4,a4 #es4 ,,gre5e1 ,,m>l[e1 & ,,b5 ,,jonson4 ,poems (4 ,edit$ by ,rob]t ,bell4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,gregory',s ,lett]s on ! ,evid5ces1 ,doctr9es1 ,duties ( ! ,*ri/ian ,religion4 ,by ,dr4 ,ol9?us ,gregory4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,grimm',s ,,tales4 ,) ! ,notes ( ! ,orig9al4 ,translat$ by ,mrs4 ,a4 ,hunt4 ,) ,introduction by ,&rew ,lang1 ,m4,a4 #b vols4 #cs4 #f;d4 ea*4 ---- ,gamm] ,gre!l2 or1 ,g]man ,fairy ,tales & ,popul> ,/ories4 ,conta9+ #db ,fairy ,tales4 ,trans4 by ,edg> ,taylor4 ,) num]\s ,woodcuts aft] ,george ,cruik%ank & ,ludwig ,grimm4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,grossi',s ,m>co ,visconti4 ,translat$ by ,a4 ,f4 ,d4 ,! ,ballads r5d]$ into ,engli% ,v]se by ,c4 ,m4 ,p4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,guizot',s ,hi/ory ( ! ,engli% ,revolution ( #afdj4 ,f ! ,accession ( ,*>les ,i4 to 8 ,dea?4 ,translat$ by ,william ,hazlitt4 #cs4 #f;d4 ---- ,hi/ory ( ,civilisation1 f ! ,fall ( ! ,roman ,empire to ! ,fr5* ,revolution4 ,translat$ by ,william ,hazlitt4 #c vols4 #cs4 #f;d4 ea*4 ,,hall',s 7,rev4 ,rob]t7 ,miscellane\s ,works & ,rema9s4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,hampton ,,c\rt3 ,a ,%ort ,hi/ory ( ! ,manor & ,palace4 ,by ,erne/ ,law1 ,b4,a4 ,) num]\s ,illu/rations4 #es4 ,,h>dwick',s ,hi/ory ( ! ,articles ( ,religion4 ,by ! late ,c4 ,h>dwick4 ,revis$ by ! ,rev4 ,francis ,proct]1 ,m4,a4 #es4 ,,hauff',s ,tales4 ,! ,c>avan--,! ,%eik ( ,alex&ria--,! ,inn 9 ! ,spess>t4 ,trans4 f ! ,g]man by ,s4 ,m5del4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,haw?orne',s ,tales4 #d vols4 #cs4 #f;d4 ea*4 ,i4--,twice-told ,tales1 & ! ,sn[ ,image4 ,,ii4--,sc>let ,lett]1 & ! ,h\se ) ! ,sev5 ,gables4 ,,iii4--,trans=mation ,! ,m>ble ,faun1 & ,bli!dale ,romance4 ,,iv4--,mosses f an ,old ,manse4 ,,hazlitt',s ,table-talk4 ,essays on ,m5 & ,mann]s4 ,by ,w4 ,hazlitt4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,hazlitt',s ,lectures on ! ,lit]ature ( ! ,age ( ,elizabe? & on ,*>act]s ( ,%akespe>e's ,plays4 #cs4 #f;d4 ---- ,lectures on ! ,engli% ,poets1 & on ! ,engli% ,comic ,writ]s4 #cs4 #f;d4 ---- ,! ,pla9 ,speak]4 ,op9ions on ,books1 ,m51 & ,?+s4 #cs4 #f;d4 ---- ,r\nd ,table4 #cs4 #f;d4 ---- ,sket*es & ,essays4 #cs4 #f;d4 ---- ,! ,_s ( ! ,age2 or1 ,contempor>y ,portraits4 ,edit$ by ,w4 ,c>ew ,hazlitt4 #cs4 #f;d4 ---- ,view ( ! ,engli% ,/age4 ,edit$ by ,w4 ,sp5c] ,jackson4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,heaton',s ,concise ,hi/ory ( ,pa9t+4 ,new ,edition1 revis$ by ,cosmo ,monkh\se4 #es4 ,,hegel',s ,lectures on ! ,philosophy ( ,hi/ory4 ,translat$ by ,j4 ,sibree1 ,m4,a4 ,,he9e',s ,poems1 ,complete4 ,translat$ by ,edg> ,a4 ,b[r+1 ,c4,b4 #cs4 #f;d4 ---- ,travel-,pictures1 includ+ ! ,t\r 9 ! ,h>z1 ,nord]ney1 & ,book ( ,ideas1 toge!r ) ! ,romantic ,s*ool4 ,translat$ by ,francis ,/orr4 ,a ,new ,edition1 revis$ ?r\gh\t4 ,) ,app5dices & ,maps4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,heliodorus4 ,!ag5es & ,*>iclea4--,see ,,greek ,,romances4 ,,help',s ,life ( ,*ri/oph] ,columbus1 ! ,discov]] ( ,am]ica4 ,by ,sir ,ar?ur ,helps1 ,k4,c4,b4 #cs4 #f;d4 ---- ,life ( ,h]n&o ,cortes1 & ! ,conque/ ( ,mexico4 #b vols4 #cs4 #f;d4 ea*4 ---- ,life ( ,piz>ro4 #cs4 #f;d4 ---- ,life ( ,las ,casas ! ,apo/le ( ! ,indies4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,h5d]son 7,e47 ,select ,hi/orical ,docum5ts ( ! ,middle ,ages1 includ+ ! mo/ fam\s ,*>t]s relat+ to ,engl&1 ! ,empire1 ! ,*ur*1 c41 f ! #f? to ! #ad? ,c5turies4 ,translat$ f ! ,lat9 & edit$ by ,erne/ ,f4 ,h5d]son1 ,a4,b41 ,a4,m41 ,ph4,d4 #es4 ,,h5frey',s ,guide to ,engli% ,co9s1 f ! ,conque/ to #ahhe4 ,new & revis$ ,edition by ,c4 ,f4 ,ke>y1 ,m4,a41 ,f4,s4,a4 #fs4 ,,h5ry ,,( ,,hunt+don',s ,hi/ory ( ! ,engli%4 ,translat$ by ,t4 ,=e/]1 ,m4,a4 #es4 ,,h5ry',s 7,mat!w7 ,exposition ( ! ,book ( ! ,psalms4 #es4 ,,h]odotus4 ,translat$ by ! ,rev4 ,h5ry ,c>y1 ,m4,a4 #cs4 #f;d4 ---- ,analysis & ,summ>y (4 ,by ,j4 ,t4 ,:eel]4 #es4 ,,hesiod1 ,,callima*us1 & ,,!ognis4 ,translat$ by ! ,rev4 ,j4 ,banks1 ,m4,a4 #es4 ,,h(fmann',s 7,e4 ,t4 ,w47 ,! ,s]apion ,bre?r54 ,translat$ f ! ,g]man by ,lt4-,col4 ,alex4 ,ew+4 #b vols4 #cs4 #f;d4 ea*4 ,,holbe9',s ,dance ( ,dea? & ,bible ,cuts4 ,upw>ds ( #aej ,subjects1 engrav$ 9 facsimile1 ) ,introduction & ,descriptions by ,francis ,d\ce & ,dr4 ,?omas ,frognall ,dibd54 #es4 ,,hom]',s ,iliad4 ,a new translation by ,e4 ,h4 ,blak5ey1 ,m4,a4 ,vol4 ,i4 conta9+ ,books ,i4-,,xii4 #cs4 #f;d4 7,vol4 ,,ii4 9 ! ,press47 ---- ,translat$ into ,engli% ,prose by ,t4 ,a4 ,buckley1 ,b4,a4 #es4 ,,hom]',s ,odyssey4 ,hymns1 ,epigrams1 & ,battle ( ! ,frogs & ,mice4 ,translat$ into ,engli% ,prose by ,t4 ,a4 ,buckley1 ,b4,a4 #es4 ---- ,see also ,,pope4 ,,hoop]',s 7,g47 ,wat]loo3 ,! ,d[nfall ( ! ,fir/ ,napoleon3 a ,hi/ory ( ! ,campaign ( #ahae4 ,by ,george ,hoop]4 ,) ,maps & ,plans4 #cs4 #f;d4 ---- ,! ,campaign ( ,s$an3 ,! ,d[nfall ( ! ,second ,empire1 ,augu/-,septemb]1 #ahgj4 ,) ,g5]al ,map & ,six ,plans ( ,battle4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,horace4 ,a new lit]al ,prose translation1 by ,a4 ,hamilton ,bryce1 ,,ll4,d4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,hugo',s 7,victor7 ,dramatic ,works4 ,h]nani--,ruy ,blas--,! ,k+'s ,div]sion4 ,translat$ by ,mrs4 ,newton ,crosl& & ,f4 ,l4 ,sl\s4 #cs4 #f;d4 ---- ,poems1 *iefly ,lyrical4 ,translat$ by v>i\s ,writ]s1 n[ fir/ collect$ by ,j4 ,h4 ,l4 ,williams4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,humboldt',s ,cosmos4 ,translat$ by ,e4 ,c4 ,ott1 ,b4 ,h4 ,paul1 & ,w4 ,s4 ,dallas1 ,f4,l4,s4 #e vols4 #cs4 #f;d4 ea*1 except+ ,vol4 ,v4 #es4 ---- ,p]sonal ,n>rative ( 8 ,travels to ! ,equ9octial ,regions ( ,am]ica dur+ ! ye>s #agii-ahjd4 ,translat$ by ,t4 ,ross4 #c vols4 #es4 ea*4 ---- ,views ( ,nature4 ,translat$ by ,e4 ,c4 ,ott & ,h4 ,g4 ,bohn4 #es4 ,,humphreys' ,co9 ,collector's ,manual4 ,by ,h4 ,n4 ,humphreys4 ,) upw>ds ( #adj ,illu/rations on ,wood & ,/eel4 #b vols4 #es4 ea*4 ,,hung>y3 its ,hi/ory & ,revolution1 toge!r ) a copi\s ,memoir ( ,kossu?4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,hunt',s ,poetry ( ,sci5ce4 ,by ,ri*>d ,hunt4 #crd ,edition1 revis$ & enl>g$4 #es4 ,,hut*9son 7,colonel74 ,memoirs ( ! ,life (4 ,by 8 ,wid[1 ,lucy3 toge!r ) h] ,autobiography1 & an ,acc\nt ( ! ,siege ( ,la?om ,h\se4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,+ulph',s ,*ronicles ( ! ,abbey ( ,croyl&1 ) ! ,,cont9uation by ,pet] ( ,blois & o!r ,writ]s4 ,translat$ by ,h4 ,t4 ,riley1 ,m4,a4 #es4 ,,irv+',s 7,wa%+ton7 ,complete ,works4 #ae vols4 ,) ,portraits1 c4 #cs4 #f;d4 ea*4 ,i4--,salmagundi1 ,knick]bock]'s ,hi/ory ( ,new ,york4 ,,ii4--,! ,sket*-,book1 & ! ,life ( ,oliv] ,goldsmi?4 ,,iii4--,bracebridge ,hall1 ,abbots=d & ,new/ead ,abbey4 ,,iv4--,! ,alhambra1 ,tales ( a ,travell]4 ,v4--,*ronicle ( ! ,conque/ ( ,granada1 ,leg5ds ( ! ,conque/ ( ,spa94 ,,vi4 ,,vii4--,life & ,voyages ( ,columbus1 toge!r ) ! ,voyages ( 8 ,companions4 ,,viii4--,a/oria1 ,a ,t\r on ! ,prairies4 ,,ix4--,life ( ,mahomet1 ,lives ( ! ,successors ( ,mahomet4 ,x4--,adv5tures ( ,capta9 ,bonneville1 ,u4,s4,a41 ,wolf]t's ,roo/4 ,,xi4--,biographies & ,miscellane\s ,pap]s4 ,,xii4-,,xv4--,life ( ,george ,wa%+ton4 #d vols4 ,,irv+',s 7,wa%+ton7 ,life & ,lett]s4 ,by 8 ,nephew1 ,pi]re ,e4 ,irv+4 #b vols4 #cs4 #f;d4 ea*4 ,,isocrates1 ,! ,orations (4 ,translat$ by ,j4 ,h4 ,freese1 ,m4,a4 ,vol4 ,i4 #es4 ,,james',s 7,g4 ,p4 ,r47 ,life ( ,ri*>d ,cur de ,lion4 #b vols4 #cs4 #f;d4 ea*4 7,vol4 ,i4 out ( pr9t47 ,,jameson',s 7,mrs47 ,%akespe>e's ,h]o9es4 ,*>act]i/ics ( ,wom53 ,moral1 ,poetical1 & ,hi/orical4 ,by ,mrs4 ,jameson4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,jesse',s 7,e47 ,anecdotes ( ,dogs4 ,) #dj ,woodcuts & #cd ,/eel ,engrav+s4 #es4 ,,jesse',s 7,j4 ,h47 ,memoirs ( ! ,c\rt ( ,engl& dur+ ! ,reign ( ! ,/u>ts1 includ+ ! ,protectorate4 #c vols4 ,) #db ,portraits4 #es4 ea*4 ---- ,memoirs ( ! ,pret5d]s & _! ,adh]5ts4 ,) #f ,portraits4 #es4 ,,johnson',s ,lives ( ! ,poets4 ,edit$ by ,mrs4 ,alex&] ,napi]1 ) ,introduction by ,pr(essor ,hales4 #c vols4 #cs4 #f;d4 ea*4 ,,josephus 7,flavius71 ,! ,works (4 ,:i/on's ,translation1 revis$ by ,rev4 ,a4 ,r4 ,%illeto1 ,m4,a4 ,) ,topographical & ,geographical ,notes by ,colonel ,sir ,c4 ,w4 ,wilson1 ,k4,c4,b4 #e vols4 #cs4 #f;d4 ea*4 ,,julian1 ! ,emp]or4 ,conta9+ ,gregory ,nazianz5's ,two ,invectives & ,libanus' ,monody1 ) ,julian's extant ,!osophical ,works4 ,translat$ by ,c4 ,w4 ,k+1 ,m4,a4 #es4 ,,junius',s ,lett]s4 ,) all ! ,notes ( ,woodfall's ,edition1 & important ,additions4 #b vols4 #cs4 #f;d4 ea*4 ,,ju/91 ,,cornelius ,,nepos1 & ,,eutropius4 ,translat$ by ! ,rev4 ,j4 ,s4 ,watson1 ,m4,a4 #es4 ,,juv5al1 ,,p]sius1 ,,sulpicia & ,,lucilius4 ,translat$ by ,l4 ,evans1 ,m4,a4 #es4 ,,kant',s ,critique ( ,pure ,reason4 ,translat$ by ,j4 ,m4 ,d4 ,meiklejohn4 #es4 ---- ,prolegom5a & ,metaphysical ,f\ndations ( ,natural ,sci5ce4 ,translat$ by ,e4 ,bel=t ,bax4 #es4 ,,keightley',s 7,?omas7 ,my?ology ( ,anci5t ,greece & ,italy4 #d? ,edition1 revis$ by ,leon>d ,s*mitz1 ,ph4,d41 ,,ll4,d4 ,) #ab ,plates f ! ,antique4 #es4 ,,keightley',s ,fairy ,my?ology1 illu/rative ( ! ,romance & ,sup]/ition ( ,v>i\s ,c\ntries4 ,revis$ ,edition1 ) ,frontispiece by ,cruik%ank4 #es4 ,,la ,,fonta9e',s ,fables4 ,translat$ into ,engli% ,v]se by ,elizur ,wright4 ,new ,edition1 ) ,notes by ,j4 ,w4 ,m4 ,gibbs4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,lam>t9e',s ,hi/ory ( ! ,girondi/s4 ,translat$ by ,h4 ,t4 ,ryde4 #c vols4 #cs4 #f;d4 ea*4 ---- ,hi/ory ( ! ,re/oration ( ,mon>*y 9 ,france 7a ,sequel to ! ,hi/ory ( ! ,girondi/s74 #d vols4 #cs4 #f;d4 ea*4 ---- ,hi/ory ( ! ,fr5* ,revolution ( #ahdh4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,lamb',s 7,*>les7 ,essays ( ,elia & ,eliana4 ,complete ,edition4 #cs4 #f;d4 ---- ,specim5s ( ,engli% ,dramatic ,poets ( ! ,"t ( ,elizabe?4 #cs4 #f;d4 ---- ,memorials & ,lett]s ( ,*>les ,lamb1 ,by ,s]jeant ,talf\rd4 ,new ,edition1 revis$1 by ,w4 ,c>ew ,hazlitt4 #b vols4 #cs4 #f;d4 ea*4 ---- ,tales f ,%akespe>e4 ,) ,illu/rations by ,byam ,%aw4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,lane',s ,arabian ,nights' ,ent]ta9m5ts4 ,edit$ by ,/anley ,lane-,poole1 ,m4,a41 ,litt4,d4 #d vols4 #cs4 #f;d4 ea*4 ,,lapp5b]g',s ,hi/ory ( ,engl& "u ! ,anglo-,saxon ,k+s4 ,translat$ by ,b4 ,?orpe1 ,f4,s4,a4 ,new edition1 revis$ by ,e4 ,c4 ,ott4 #b vols4 #cs4 #f;d4 ea*4 ,,leon>do ,,da ,,v9ci',s ,treatise on ,pa9t+4 ,translat$ by ,j4 ,f4 ,rigaud1 ,r4,a4 ,) a ,life ( ,leon>do by ,john ,william ,br[n4 ,) num]\s ,plates4 #es4 ,,lepsius',s ,lett]s f ,egypt1 ,e?iopia1 & ! ,p59sula ( ,s9ai4 ,translat$ by ,l4 & ,j4 ,b4 ,hom]4 ,) ,maps4 #es4 ,,less+',s ,dramatic ,works1 ,complete4 ,edit$ by ,erne/ ,bell1 ,m4,a4 ,) ,memoir ( ,less+ by ,hel5 ,zimm]n4 #b vols4 #cs4 #f;d4 ea*4 ---- ,laokoon1 ,dramatic ,notes1 & ! ,repres5tation ( ,dea? by ! ,anci5ts4 ,translat$ by ,e4 ,c4 ,beasley & ,hel5 ,zimm]n4 ,edit$ by ,edw>d ,bell1 ,m4,a4 ,) a ,frontispiece ( ! ,laokoon gr\p4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,lilly',s ,introduction to ,a/rology4 ,) a ,,gramm> ( ,a/rology & ,tables = ,calculat+ ,nativities1 by ,zadkiel4 #es4 ,,livy',s ,hi/ory ( ,rome4 ,translat$ by ,dr4 ,spillan1 ,c4 ,edmonds1 & o!rs4 #d vols4 #es4 ea*4 ,,locke',s ,philosophical ,works4 ,edit$ by ,j4 ,a4 ,/4 ,john4 #b vols4 #cs4 #f;d4 ea*4 ,,lockh>t 7,j4 ,g47--,see ,,burns4 ,,lodge',s ,portraits ( ,illu/ri\s ,p]sonages ( ,great ,brita91 ) ,biographical & ,hi/orical ,memoirs4 #bdj ,portraits engrav$ on ,/eel1 ) ! respective ,biographies unabridg$4 #h vols4 #es4 ea*4 ,vols4 ,,ii4 ,,iv4 & ,,vii4 out ( pr9t4 ,,l\don',s 7,mrs47 ,natural ,hi/ory4 ,revis$ edition1 by ,w4 ,s4 ,dallas1 ,f4,l4,s4 ,) num]\s ,woodcut ,illus4 #es4 ,,longus4 ,daphnis & ,*loe4--,see ,,greek ,,romances4 ,,l[ndes' ,bibliograph]'s ,manual ( ,engli% ,lit]ature4 ,enl>g$ ,edition4 ,by ,h4 ,g4 ,bohn4 #f vols4 clo?1 #es4 ea*4 ,or #d vols4 half morocco1 #bl4 #bs4 ,,lucan',s ,ph>salia4 ,translat$ by ,h1 ,t4 ,riley1 ,m4,a4 #es4 ,,lucian',s ,dialogues ( ! ,gods1 ( ! ,sea ,gods1 & ( ! ,dead4 ,translat$ by ,h[>d ,williams1 ,m4,a4 #es4 ,,lucretius4 ,a ,prose ,translation4 ,by ,h4 ,a4 ,j4 ,munro4 ,repr9t$ f ! ,f9al 7#d?7 ,edition4 ,) an ,introduction by ,j4 ,d4 ,duff1 ,m4,a4 #es4 ---- ,lit]ally translat$4 ,by ! ,rev4 ,j4 ,s4 ,watson1 ,m4,a4 ,) a ,metrical ,v]sion by ,j4 ,m4 ,good4 #es4 ,,lu!r',s ,table-,talk4 ,translat$ & ,edit$ by ,william ,hazlitt4 #cs4 #f;d4 ---- ,autobiography4--,see ,,mi*elet4 ,,ma*iavelli',s ,hi/ory ( ,flor5ce1 toge!r ) ! ,pr9ce1 ,savon>ola1 v>i\s ,hi/orical ,tracts1 & a ,memoir ( ,ma*iavelli4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,mallet',s ,nor!rn ,antiquities1 or an ,hi/orical ,acc\nt ( ! ,mann]s1 ,cu/oms1 ,religions & ,laws1 ,m>itime ,exp$itions & ,discov]ies1 ,language & ,lit]ature1 ( ! ,anci5t ,sc&9avians4 ,translat$ by ,bi%op ,p]cy4 ,revis$ & ,enl>g$ ,edition1 ) a ,translation ( ! ,,prose ,,edda1 by ,j4 ,a4 ,blackwell4 #es4 ,,manzoni4 ,! ,betro!d3 be+ a ,translation ( #8,i ,promessi ,sposi4' ,by ,aless&ro ,manzoni4 ,) num]\s ,woodcuts4 #es4 ,,m>co ,,polo',s ,travels2 ! ,translation ( ,m>sd5 revis$ by ,t4 ,wright1 ,m4,a41 ,f4,s4,a4 #es4 ,,m>ryat',s 7,capt4 ,r4,n47 ,ma/]man ,ready4 ,) #ic ,woodcuts4 #cs4 #f;d4 ---- ,mission2 or1 ,sc5es 9 ,africa4 ,illu/rat$ by ,gilb]t & ,dalziel4 #cs4 #f;d4 ---- ,pirate & ,?ree ,cutt]s4 ,) #h ,/eel ,engrav+s1 f ,draw+s by ,cl>kson ,/anfield1 ,r4 ,a4 #cs4 #f;d4 ---- ,private]sman4 #h ,engrav+s on ,/eel4 #cs4 #f;d4 ---- ,settl]s 9 ,canada4 #aj ,engrav+s by ,gilb]t & ,dalziel4 #cs4 #f;d4 ---- ,poor ,jack4 ,) #af ,illu/rations aft] ,cl>kson ,/ansfield1 ,r4,a4 #cs4 #f;d4 ---- ,pet] ,simple4 ,) #h full-page ,illu/rations4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,m>tial',s ,epigrams1 complete4 ,translat$ into ,prose1 ea* accompani$ by "o or m ,v]se ,translations select$ f ! ,works ( ,engli% ,poets1 & o!r s\rces4 #gs4 #f;d4 ,,m>t9eau',s 7,h>riet7 ,hi/ory ( ,engl&1 f #ahjj-ahae4 #cs4 #f;d4 ---- ,hi/ory ( ! ,?irty ,ye>s' ,peace1 ,a4,d4 #ahae-df4 #d vols4 #cs4 #f;d4 ea*4 ---- ,see ,comte's ,positive ,philosophy4 ,,mat!w ,,( ,,we/m9/]',s ,fl[]s ( ,hi/ory1 f ! beg9n+ ( ! ,_w to ,a4,d4 #acjg4 ,translat$ by ,c4 ,d4 ,yonge1 ,m4,a4 #b vols4 #es4 ea*4 ,,maxwell',s ,victories ( ,well+ton & ! ,briti% ,armies4 ,frontispiece & #e ,portraits4 #es4 ,,m5zel',s ,hi/ory ( ,g]many1 f ! ,e>lie/ ,p]iod to #ahdb4 #c vols4 #cs4 #f;d4 ea*4 ,,mi*ael ,,angelo ,,& ,,raphael1 _! ,lives & ,works4 ,by ,duppa & ,quairem]e de ,qu9cy4 ,) ,portraits1 & ,engrav+s on ,/eel4 #es4 ,,mi*elet',s ,lu!r's ,autobiography4 ,trans4 by ,william ,hazlitt4 ,) an ,app5dix 7#aaj pages7 ( ,notes4 #cs4 #f;d4 ---- ,hi/ory ( ! ,fr5* ,revolution f its e>lie/ indications to ! flight ( ! ,k+ 9 #agia4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,mignet',s ,hi/ory ( ! ,fr5* ,revolution1 f #aghi to #ahad4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,new edition1 reset4 ,,mill 7,j4 ,s474 ,e>ly ,essays by ,john ,/u>t ,mill4 ,collect$ f v>i\s s\rces by ,j4 ,w4 ,m4 ,gibbs4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,mill] 7,pr(essor74 ,hi/ory ,philosophically ,illu/rat$1 f ! ,fall ( ! ,roman ,empire to ! ,fr5* ,revolution4 #d vols4 #cs4 #f;d4 ea*4 ,,milton',s ,prose ,works4 ,edit$ by ,j4 ,a4 ,/4 ,john4 #e vols4 #cs4 #f;d4 ea*4 ---- ,poetical ,works1 ) a ,memoir & ,critical ,rem>ks by ,james ,montgom]y1 an ,index to ,p>adise ,lo/1 ,todd's ,v]bal ,index to all ! ,poems1 & a ,selection ( ,explanatory ,notes by ,h5ry ,g4 ,bohn4 ,illu/rat$ ) #abj ,wood ,engrav+s f ,draw+s by ,w4 ,h>vey4 #b vols4 #cs4 #f;d4 ea*4 ,,mit=d',s 7,miss7 ,our ,village ,sket*es ( ,rural ,"* & ,sc5]y4 ,) #b ,engrav+s on ,/eel4 #b vols4 #cs4 #f;d4 ea*4 ,,moli,,re',s ,dramatic ,works4 ,a new ,translation 9 ,engli% ,prose1 by ,c4 ,h4 ,wall4 #c vols4 #cs4 #f;d4 ea*4 ,,montagu4 ,! ,lett]s & ,works ( ,lady ,m>y ,wortley ,montagu4 ,edit$ by h] great-gr&son1 ,"l ,:>ncliffe's ,edition1 & revis$ by ,w4 ,moy ,?omas4 ,new ,edition1 revis$1 ) #e ,portraits4 #b vols4 #es4 ea*4 ,,montaigne',s ,essays4 ,cotton's ,translation1 revis$ by ,w4 ,c4 ,hazlitt4 ,new ,edition4 #c vols4 #cs4 #f;d4 ea*4 ,,montesquieu',s ,_s ( ,laws4 ,new ,edition1 revis$ & correct$4 ,by ,j4 ,v4 ,prit*>d1 ,a4,m4 #b vols4 #cs4 #f;d4 ea*4 ,,m',s ,utopia4 ,rob9son's translation1 ) ,rop]'s #8,life ( ,sir ,?omas ,m1' & ,m's ,lett]s to ,m>g>et ,rop] & o!rs4 ,edit$1 ) ,notes1 by ,george ,sampson4 ,introduction & ,bibliography by ,a4 ,gu?kel*4 #es4 ,,morphy',s ,games ( ,*ess4 ,be+ ! ,mat*es & be/ ,games play$ by ! ,am]ican ,*ampion1 ) ,explanatory & ,analytical ,notes by ,j4 ,lw5?al4 #es4 ,,motley 7,j4 ,l474 ,! ,rise ( ! ,dut* ,republic4 ,a ,hi/ory4 ,by ,john ,lo?rop ,motley4 ,new ,edition1 ) ,biographical ,introduction by ,moncure ,d4 ,conway4 #c vols4 #cs4 #f;d4 ea*4 ,,mudie',s ,briti% ,birds2 or1 ,hi/ory ( ! ,fea!r$ ,tribes ( ! ,briti% ,isl&s4 ,revis$ by ,w4 ,c4 ,l4 ,m>t94 ,) #eb ,figures ( ,birds & #g ,col\r$ ,plates ( ,eggs4 #b vols4 ,,ne&] 7,dr4 ,a47 ,life ( ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,translat$ by ,j4 ,mc,clintock & ,c4 ,blum5?al4 #cs4 #f;d4 ---- ,hi/ory ( ! ,plant+ & ,tra9+ ( ! ,*ri/ian ,*ur* by ! ,apo/les4 ,translat$ by ,j4 ,e4 ,ryl&4 #b vols4 #cs4 #f;d4 ea*4 ---- ,memorials ( ,*ri/ian ,life 9 ! ,e>ly & ,middle ,ages2 includ+ ,light 9 ,d>k ,places4 ,trans4 by ,j4 ,e4 ,ryl&4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,nibelung5 ,,li$4 ,! ,lay ( ! ,nibelungs1 metrically translat$ f ! old ,g]man text by ,alice ,horton1 & edit$ by ,edw>d ,bell1 ,m4,a4 ,to :i* is prefix$ ! ,essay on ! ,nibelung5 ,li$ by ,?omas ,c>lyle4 #es4 ,,nicol9i',s ,hi/ory ( ! ,jesuits3 _! ,orig91 ,progress1 ,doctr9es1 & ,designs4 ,) #h ,portraits4 #es4 ,,nor? 7,r47 ,lives ( ! ,"r ,hon4 ,francis ,nor?1 ,b>on ,guild=d1 ! ,hon4 ,sir ,dudley ,nor?1 & ! ,hon4 & ,rev4 ,dr4 ,john ,nor?4 ,by ! ,hon4 ,rog] ,nor?4 ,toge!r ) ! ,autobiography ( ! ,au?or4 ,edit$ by ,augu/us ,jessopp1 ,d4,d4 #c vols4 #cs4 #f;d4 ea*4 ,,nug5t',s 7,"l7 ,memorials ( ,hampd51 8 ,p>ty & ,times4 ,) a ,memoir ( ! ,au?or1 an ,autograph ,lett]1 & ,portrait4 #es4 ,,old ,,engli% ,,*ronicles1 includ+ ,e!lw]d's ,*ronicle1 ,ass]'s ,life ( ,alfr$1 ,ge(frey ( ,monm\?'s ,briti% ,hi/ory1 ,gildas1 ,n5nius1 & ! spuri\s *ronicle ( ,ri*>d ( ,cir5ce/]4 ,edit$ by ,j4 ,a4 ,giles1 ,d4,c4,l4 #es4 ,,oman 7,j4 ,c47 ,! ,great ,indian ,epics3 ! ,/ories ( ! ,,ramayana & ! ,,mahabh>ata4 ,by ,john ,campbell ,oman1 ,pr9cipal ( ,khalsa ,college1 ,amrits>4 ,) ,notes1 ,app5dices1 & ,illu/rations4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,ovid',s ,works1 complete4 ,lit]ally translat$ into ,prose4 #c vols4 #es4 ea*4 ,,pascal',s ,?\ghts4 ,translat$ f ! ,text ( ,m4 ,augu/e ,mol9i] by ,c4 ,kegan ,paul4 #crd ,edition4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,pauli',s 7,dr4 ,r47 ,life ( ,alfr$ ! ,great4 ,translat$ f ! ,g]man4 ,to :i* is app5d$ ,alfr$'s ,,anglo-,,saxon ,,v]sion ,,( ,,orosius4 ,) a lit]al ,translation int]pag$1 ,notes1 & an ,,anglo-,,saxon ,,gramm> & ,,gloss>y1 by ,b4 ,?orpe4 #es4 ,,pausanias' ,description ( ,greece4 ,newly translat$ by ,a4 ,r4 ,%illeto1 ,m4,a4 #b vols4 #es4 ea*4 ,,pe>son',s ,exposition ( ! ,cre$4 ,edit$ by ,e4 ,wal=d1 ,m4,a4 #es4 ,,pepys' ,di>y & ,correspond5ce4 ,deciph]$ by ! ,rev4 ,j4 ,smi?1 ,m4,a41 f ! orig9al ,%or?& ,,ms4 9 ! ,pepysian ,libr>y4 ,edit$ by ,"l ,braybrooke4 #d vols4 ,) #ca ,engrav+s4 #es4 ea*4 ,,p]cy',s ,reliques ( ,anci5t ,engli% ,poetry4 ,) an ,essay on ,anci5t ,m9/rels & a ,gloss>y4 ,edit$ by ,j4 ,v4 ,prit*>d1 ,a4,m4 #b vols4 #cs4 #f;d4 ea*4 ,,p]sius4--,see ,,juv5al4 ,,petr>*',s ,sonnets1 ,triumphs1 & o!r ,poems4 ,translat$ into ,engli% ,v]se by v>i\s ,h&s4 ,) a ,life ( ! ,poet by ,?omas ,campbell4 ,) ,portrait & #ae ,/eel ,engrav+s4 #es4 ,,pick]+',s ,hi/ory ( ! ,races ( ,man1 & _! ,geographical ,di/ribution4 ,) ,,an ,,analytical ,,synopsis ,,( ,,! ,,natural ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,man by ,dr4 ,hall4 ,) a ,map ( ! ,_w & #ab col\r$ ,plates4 #es4 ,,p9d>4 ,translat$ into ,prose by ,dawson ,w4 ,turn]4 ,to :i* is add$ ! ,metrical ,v]sion by ,abraham ,moore4 #es4 ,,plan*4 ,hi/ory ( ,briti% ,co/ume1 f ! ,e>lie/ ,"t to ! ,close ( ! ,eighte5? ,c5tury4 ,by ,j4 ,r4 ,plan*1 ,som]set ,h]ald4 ,) upw>ds ( #djj ,illu/rations4 #es4 ,,plato',s ,works4 ,lit]ally translat$1 ) ,introduction & ,notes4 #f vols4 #es4 ea*4 ,i4--,! ,apology ( ,socrates1 ,crito1 ,phd1 ,gorgias1 ,protagoras1 ,phdrus1 ,!tetus1 ,eu?yphron1 ,lysis4 ,translat$ by ! ,rev4 ,h4 ,c>ey4 ,,ii4--,! ,republic1 ,timu1 & ,critias4 ,translat$ by ,h5ry ,davis4 ,,iii4--,m5o1 ,eu?ydemus1 ,! ,sophi/1 ,/atesman1 ,cratylus1 ,p>m5ides1 & ! ,banquet4 ,translat$ by ,g4 ,burges4 ,,iv4--,philebus1 ,*>mides1 ,la*es1 ,m5ex5us1 ,hippias1 ,ion1 ,! ,two ,alcibiades1 ,!ages1 ,rivals1 ,hipp>*us1 ,m9os1 ,clitopho1 ,epi/les4 ,translat$ by ,g4 ,burges4 ,v4--,! ,laws4 ,translat$ by ,g4 ,burges4 ,,vi4--,! ,d\btful ,works4 ,translat$ by ,g4 ,burges4 ---- ,summ>y & ,analysis ( ! ,dialogues4 ,) ,analytical ,index4 ,by ,a4 ,day1 ,,ll4,d4 #es4 ,,plautus',s ,com$ies4 ,translat$ by ,h4 ,t4 ,riley1 ,m4,a4 #b vols4 #es4 ea*4 ,,pl9y4 ,! ,lett]s ( ,pl9y ! ,y\ng]4 ,melmo?'s translation1 revis$ by ! ,rev4 ,f4 ,c4 ,t4 ,bosanquet1 ,m4,a4 #es4 ,,plot9us1 ,select ,works (4 ,translat$ by ,?omas ,taylor4 ,) an ,introduction conta9+ ! sub/ance ( ,porphyry's ,plot9us4 ,edit$ by ,g4 ,r4 ,s4 ,mead1 ,b4,a41 ,m4,r4,a4,s4 #es4 ,,plut>*',s ,lives4 ,translat$ by ,a4 ,/ew>t1 ,m4,a41 & ,george ,long1 ,m4,a4 #d vols4 #cs4 #f;d4 ea*4 ---- ,morals4 ,!osophical ,essays4 ,translat$ by ,c4 ,w4 ,k+1 ,m4,a4 #es4 ---- ,morals4 ,e?ical ,essays4 ,translat$ by ! ,rev4 ,a4 ,r4 ,%illeto1 ,m4,a4 #es4 ,,poetry ,,( ,,am]ica4 ,selections f ,"o ,hundr$ ,am]ican ,poets1 f #aggf to #ahgf4 ,by ,w4 ,j4 ,l9ton4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,political ,,cyclop,,dia4 ,a ,diction>y ( ,political1 ,con/itutional1 ,/ati/ical1 & ,=5sic ,k2 =m+ a ,"w ( ,ref]5ce on subjects ( ,civil ,adm9i/ration1 ,political ,economy1 ,f9ance1 ,comm]ce1 ,laws1 & ,social ,relations4 #d vols4 7#ahdh47 #cs4 #f;d4 ea*4 ,vol4 ,i4 out ( pr9t4 ,,pope',s ,poetical ,works4 ,edit$1 ) copi\s ,notes1 by ,rob]t ,c>ru!rs4 ,) num]\s ,illu/rations4 #b vols4 #es4 ea*4 ,vol4 ,i4 out ( pr9t4 ---- ,hom]'s ,iliad4 ,edit$ by ! ,rev4 ,j4 ,s4 ,watson1 ,m4,a4 ,illu/rat$ by ! entire ,s]ies ( ,flaxman's ,designs4 #es4 ---- ,hom]'s ,odyssey1 ) ! ,battle ( ,frogs & ,mice1 ,hymns1 c41 by o!r translators4 ,edit$ by ! ,rev4 ,j4 ,s4 ,watson1 ,m4,a4 ,) ! entire ,s]ies ( ,flaxman's ,designs4 #es4 ---- ,life1 includ+ _m ( 8 ,lett]s4 ,by ,rob]t ,c>ru!rs4 ,) num]\s ,illu/rations4 #es4 ,,p\%k9',s ,prose ,tales3 ,! ,capta9's ,daught]--,d\brovsky--,! ,que5 ( ,spades--,an ,amateur ,peasant ,girl--,! ,%ot--,! ,sn[ ,/orm--,! ,po/ma/]--,! ,c(f9 ,mak]--,kirdjali--,! ,egyptian ,nights--,pet] ! ,great's ,negro4 ,translat$ by ,t4 ,keane4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,prescott',s ,conque/ ( ,mexico4 ,copyright edition1 ) ! notes by ,john ,fo/] ,kirk1 & an introduction by ,g4 ,p4 ,w9%ip4 #c vols4 #cs4 #f;d4 ea*4 ---- ,conque/ ( ,p]u4 ,copyright edition1 ) ! notes ( ,john ,fo/] ,kirk4 #b vols4 #cs4 #f;d4 ea*4 ---- ,reign ( ,f]d9& & ,isabella4 ,copyright edition1 ) ! notes ( ,john ,fo/] ,kirk4 #c vols4 #cs4 #f;d4 ea*4 ,,prop]tius4 ,translat$ by ,rev4 ,p4 ,j4 ,f4 ,gantillon1 ,m4,a41 & accompani$ by ,poetical ,v]sions1 f v>i\s s\rces4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,prov]bs1 ,h&book (4 ,conta9+ an entire ,republication ( ,ray's ,collection ( ,engli% ,prov]bs1 ) 8 additions f ,=eign ,languages & a complete ,alphabetical ,index2 9 :i* are introduc$ l>ge additions z well ( ,prov]bs z ( ,say+s1 ,s5t5ces1 ,maxims1 & ,phrases1 collect$ by ,h4 ,g4 ,bohn4 #es4 ,,pott]y ,,& ,,porcela91 & o!r ,objects ( ,v]tu4 ,compris+ an ,illu/rat$ ,catalogue ( ! ,b]nal ,collection ( ,works ( ,art1 ) ! prices at :i* !y 7 sold by auction1 & names ( ! possessors4 ,to :i* are add$1 an ,introductory ,lecture on ,pott]y & ,porcela91 & an ,engrav$ ,li/ ( all ! kn[n ,m>ks & ,monograms4 ,by ,h5ry ,g4 ,bohn4 ,) num]\s ,wood ,engrav+s1 #es42 or ) ,col\r$ ,illu/rations1 #ajs4 #f;d4 ,,pr\t',s 7,fa!r7 ,reliques4 ,collect$ & arrang$ by ,rev4 ,f4 ,mahony4 ,new issue1 ) #ba ,et*+s by ,d4 ,maclise1 ,r4,a4 ,ne>ly #fjj pages4 #es4 ,,qu9tilian',s ,in/itutes ( ,oratory1 or ,education ( an ,orator4 ,translat$ by ! ,rev4 ,j4 ,s4 ,watson1 ,m4,a4 #b vols4 #es4 ea*4 ,,rac9e',s 7,jean7 ,dramatic ,works4 ,a metrical ,engli% v]sion4 ,by ,r4 ,bruce ,boswell1 ,m4,a4 ,oxon4 #b vols4 #cs4 #f;d4 ea*4 ,,ranke',s ,hi/ory ( ! ,popes1 dur+ ! ,la/ ,f\r ,c5turies4 ,translat$ by ,e4 ,fo/]4 ,mrs4 ,fo/]'s translation revis$1 ) consid]able additions1 by ,g4 ,r4 ,d5nis1 ,b4,a4 #c vols4 #cs4 #f;d4 ea*4 ---- ,hi/ory ( ,s]via & ! ,s]vian ,revolution4 ,) an ,acc\nt ( ! ,insurrection 9 ,bosnia4 ,translat$ by ,mrs4 ,k]r4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,recreations 9 ,,%oot+4 ,by #8,crav54' ,) #fb ,engrav+s on ,wood aft] ,h>vey1 & #i ,engrav+s on ,/eel1 *iefly aft] ,a4 ,coop]1 ,r4,a4 #es4 ,,r5nie',s ,insect ,ar*itecture4 ,revis$ & enl>g$ by ,rev4 ,j4 ,g4 ,wood1 ,m4,a4 ,) #ahf ,woodcut ,illu/rations4 #es4 ,,reynolds' 7,sir ,j47 ,lit]>y ,works4 ,edit$ by ,h4 ,w4 ,bee*y4 #b vols4 #cs4 #f;d4 ea*4 ,,ric>do on ! ,pr9ciples ( ,political ,economy & ,taxation4 ,edit$ by ,e4 ,c4 ,k4 ,gonn]1 ,m4,a4 #es4 ,,ri*t] 7,jean ,paul ,fri$ri*74 ,levana1 a ,treatise on ,education3 toge!r ) ! ,autobiography 7a ,fragm5t71 & a %ort ,prefatory ,memoir4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,ri*t] 7,jean ,paul ,fri$ri*74 ,fl[]1 ,fruit1 & ,?orn ,pieces1 or ! ,w$d$ ,life1 ,dea?1 & ,m>riage ( ,firmian ,/anislaus ,sieb5kaes1 ,p>i% ,advocate 9 ! ,p>i% ( ,kuhs*napptel4 ,newly translat$ by ,lt4-,col4 ,alex4 ,ew+4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,rog] ,,de ,,hov$5',s ,annals ( ,engli% ,hi/ory1 compris+ ! ,hi/ory ( ,engl& & ( o!r ,c\ntries ( ,europe f ,a4,d4 #gcb to ,a4,d4 #abja4 ,translat$ by ,h4 ,t4 ,riley1 ,m4,a4 #b vols4 #es4 ea*4 ,,rog] ,,( ,,w5dov]',s ,fl[]s ( ,hi/ory1 compris+ ! ,hi/ory ( ,engl& f ! ,desc5t ( ! ,saxons to ,a4,d4 #abce1 =m]ly ascrib$ to ,mat!w ,p>is4 ,translat$ by ,j4 ,a4 ,giles1 ,d4,c4,l4 #b vols4 #es4 ea*4 ,vol4 ,,ii4 out ( pr9t4 ,,rome 9 ! ,,n9ete5? ,,c5tury4 ,conta9+ a complete ,acc\nt ( ! ,ru9s ( ! ,anci5t ,city1 ! ,rema9s ( ! ,middle ,ages1 & ! ,monum5ts ( ,mod]n ,times4 ,by ,c4 ,a4 ,eaton4 ,) #cd ,/eel ,engrav+s4 #b vols4 #es4 ea*4 ---- ,see ,,burn4 ,,roscoe',s 7,w47 ,life & ,pontificate ( ,leo ,x4 ,f9al edition1 revis$ by ,?omas ,roscoe4 #b vols4 #cs4 #f;d4 ea*4 ---- ,life ( ,lor5zo de' ,m$ici1 call$ #8! ,magnific5t4' ,) 8 poems1 lett]s1 c4 #aj? ,edition1 revis$1 ) ,memoir ( ,roscoe by 8 ,son4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,russia4 ,hi/ory (1 f ! e>lie/ ,p]iod1 compil$ f ! mo/ au!ntic s\rces by ,walt] ,k4 ,kelly4 ,) ,portraits4 #b vols4 #cs4 #f;d4 ea*4 ,,sallu/1 ,,florus1 & ,,velleius ,,pat]culus4 ,trans4 by ,j4 ,s4 ,watson1 ,m4,a4 #es4 ,,s*ill]',s ,works4 ,translat$ by v>i\s h&s4 #g vols4 #cs4 #f;d4 ea*3-- ,i4--,hi/ory ( ! ,?irty ,ye>s' ,w>4 ,,ii4--,hi/ory ( ! ,revolt 9 ! ,ne!rl&s1 ! ,trials ( ,c\nts ,egmont & ,horn1 ! ,siege ( ,antw]p1 & ! ,di/urbances 9 ,france prec$+ ! ,reign ( ,h5ry ,,iv4 ,,iii4--,don ,c>los1 ,m>y ,/u>t1 ,maid ( ,orleans1 ,bride ( ,mess9a1 toge!r ) ! ,use ( ! ,*orus 9 ,trag$y 7a %ort ,essay74 ,^! ,dramas are all translat$ 9 metre4 ,,iv4--,robb]s 7) ,s*ill]'s orig9al ,preface71 ,fiesco1 ,love & ,intrigue1 ,demetrius1 ,gho/ ,se]1 ,sport ( ,div9ity4 ,! ,dramas 9 ?is volume are translat$ into ,prose4 ,v4--,poems4 ,,vi4--,essays1 /hetical & ,philosophical4 ,,vii4--,wall5/e9's ,camp1 ,piccolom9i & ,dea? ( ,wall5/e91 ,william ,tell4 ,,s*ill] & ,,goe!4 ,correspond5ce betwe51 f ,a4,d4 #agid-ahje4 ,translat$ by ,l4 ,dora ,s*mitz4 #b vols4 #cs4 #f;d4 ea*4 ,,s*legel',s 7,f47 ,lectures on ! ,philosophy ( ,life & ! ,philosophy ( ,language4 ,translat$ by ! ,rev4 ,a4 ,j4 ,w4 ,morrison1 ,m4,a4 #cs4 #f;d4 ---- ,lectures on ! ,hi/ory ( ,lit]ature1 ,anci5t & ,mod]n4 ,translat$ f ! ,g]man4 #cs4 #f;d4 ---- ,lectures on ! ,philosophy ( ,hi/ory4 ,translat$ by ,j4 ,b4 ,rob]tson4 #cs4 #f;d4 ---- ,lectures on ,mod]n ,hi/ory1 toge!r ) ! ,lectures entitl$ ,cs> & ,alex&]1 & ,! ,beg9n+ ( our ,hi/ory4 ,translat$ by ,l4 ,purcell & ,r4 ,h4 ,:itelock4 #cs4 #f;d4 ---- /hetic & ,miscellane\s ,works4 ,translat$ by ,e4 ,j4 ,mill+ton4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,s*legel',s 7,a4 ,w47 ,lectures on ,dramatic ,art & ,lit]ature4 ,translat$ by ,j4 ,black4 ,revis$ ,edition1 by ! ,rev4 ,a4 ,j4 ,w4 ,morrison1 ,m4,a4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,s*op5hau] on ! ,f\rfold ,root ( ! ,pr9ciple ( ,suffici5t ,reason1 & ,on ! ,w 9 ,nature4 ,translat$ by ,madame ,hillebr&4 #es4 ---- ,essays4 ,select$ & ,translat$4 ,) a ,biographical ,introduction & ,sket* ( 8 ,philosophy1 by ,e4 ,bel=t ,bax4 #es4 ,,s*\w',s ,e>?1 ,plants1 & ,man4 ,translat$ by ,a4 ,h5frey4 ,) col\r$ ,map ( ! ,geography ( ,plants4 #es4 ,,s*umann 7,rob]t74 ,8 ,life & ,works1 by ,augu/ ,reissmann4 ,translat$ by ,a4 ,l4 ,alg]4 #cs4 #f;d4 ---- ,e>ly ,lett]s4 ,orig9ally publi%$ by 8 ,wife4 ,translat$ by ,may ,h]b]t4 ,) a ,preface by ,sir ,george ,grove1 ,d4,c4,l4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,s5eca on ,b5efits4 ,newly translat$ by ,a4 ,/ew>t1 ,m4,a4 #cs4 #f;d4 ---- ,m9or ,essays & ,on ,clem5cy4 ,translat$ by ,a4 ,/ew>t1 ,m4,a4 #es4 ,,%akespe>e ,,docum5ts4 ,arrang$ by ,d4 ,h4 ,lamb]t1 ,b4,a4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,%akespe>e',s ,dramatic ,art4 ,! ,hi/ory & ,"* ( ,%akespe>e's ,plays4 ,by ,dr4 ,h]mann ,ulrici4 ,translat$ by ,l4 ,dora ,s*mitz4 #b vols4 #cs4 #f;d4 ea*4 ,,%akespe>e 7,william74 ,a ,lit]>y ,biography by ,k>l ,elze1 ,ph4,d41 ,,ll4,d4 ,translat$ by ,l4 ,dora ,s*mitz4 #es4 ,,%>pe 7,s47 ,! ,hi/ory ( ,egypt1 f ! ,e>lie/ ,times till ! ,conque/ by ! ,arabs1 ,a4,d4 #fdj4 ,by ,samuel ,%>pe1 #b ,maps & upw>ds ( #djj ,illu/rative ,woodcuts4 #b vols4 #es4 ea*4 ,,%]idan',s ,dramatic ,works1 ,complete4 ,) ,life by ,g4 ,g4 ,s4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,sismondi',s ,hi/ory ( ! ,lit]ature ( ! ,s\? ( ,europe4 ,translat$ by ,?omas ,roscoe4 #b vols4 #cs4 #f;d4 ea*4 ,,smi?',s ,synonyms & ,antonyms1 or ,k9dr$ ,words & _! ,opposites4 ,revis$ ,edition4 #es4 ---- ,synonyms ,discrim9at$4 ,a ,diction>y ( ,synonym\s ,words 9 ! ,engli% ,language1 %[+ ! ,accurate signification ( words ( simil> mean+4 ,edit$ by ! ,rev4 ,h4 ,p]cy ,smi?1 ,m4,a4 #fs4 ,,smi?',s 7,adam7 ,! ,weal? ( ,nations4 ,edit$ by ,e4 ,bel=t ,bax4 #b vols4 #cs4 #f;d4 ea*4 ---- ,!ory ( ,moral ,s5tim5ts4 ,) a ,memoir ( ! ,au?or by ,dugald ,/ew>t4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,smi?',s 7,pye7 ,geology & ,scripture4 #bnd ,edition4 #es4 ,,smy?',s 7,pr(essor7 ,lectures on ,mod]n ,hi/ory4 #b vols4 #cs4 #f;d4 ea*4 ,,smollett',s ,adv5tures ( ,rod]ick ,r&om4 ,) %ort ,memoir & ,bibliography1 & ,cruik%ank's ,illu/rations4 #cs4 #f;d4 ---- ,adv5tures ( ,p]egr9e ,pickle4 ,) ,bibliography & ,cruik%ank's ,illu/rations4 #b vols4 #cs4 #f;d4 ea*4 ---- ,! ,exp$ition ( ,humphry ,cl9k]4 ,) ,bibliography & ,cruik%ank's ,illu/rations4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,socrates 7surnam$ #8,s*ola/icus'74 ,! ,ecclesia/ical ,hi/ory ( 7,a4,d4 #cje-dde74 ,translat$ f ! ,greek4 #es4 ,,sophocles1 ,! ,trag$ies (4 ,a ,new ,prose ,translation1 ) ,memoir1 ,notes1 c41 by ,e4 ,p4 ,col]idge1 ,m4,a4 #es4 ,,s\!y',s ,life ( ,nelson4 ,) ,portraits1 ,plans1 & upw>ds ( #ej ,engrav+s on ,/eel & ,wood4 #es4 ---- ,life ( ,wesley1 & ! ,rise & ,progress ( ,me?odism4 #es4 ---- ,rob]t ,s\!y4 ,! ,/ory ( 8 ,life writt5 9 8 ,lett]s4 ,edit$ by ,john ,d5nis4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,sozom5',s ,ecclesia/ical ,hi/ory4 ,translat$ f ! ,greek4 ,toge!r ) ! ,,ecclesia/ical ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,philo/orgius1 z epitomis$ by ,photius4 ,translat$ by ,rev4 ,e4 ,wal=d1 ,m4,a4 #es4 ,,sp9oza',s ,*ief ,works4 ,translat$1 ) ,introduction1 by ,r4,h4,m4 ,elwes4 #b vols4 #es4 ea*4 ,,/anley',s ,classifi$ ,synopsis ( ! ,pr9cipal ,pa9t]s ( ! ,dut* & ,flemi% ,s*ools4 ,by ,george ,/anley4 #es4 ,,/aunton',s ,*ess-,play]'s ,h&book4 #es4 ,,/aunton',s ,*ess ,praxis4 ,a ,supplem5t to ! ,*ess-play]'s ,h&book4 #es4 ---- ,*ess-play]'s ,companion4 ,compris+ a ,treatise on ,odds1 ,collection ( ,mat* ,games1 & a ,selection ( ,orig9al ,problems4 #es4 ,,/ockh>dt',s ,exp]im5tal ,*emi/ry4 ,edit$ by ,c4 ,w4 ,heaton1 ,f4,c4,s4 #es4 ,,/[e 7,mrs4 ,h4 ,b47 ,uncle ,tom's ,cab94 ,illu/rat$4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,/rabo',s ,geography4 ,translat$ by ,w4 ,falcon]1 ,m4,a41 & ,h4 ,c4 ,hamilton4 #c vols4 #es4 ea*4 ,,/rickl&',s 7,agnes7 ,lives ( ! ,que5s ( ,engl&1 f ! ,norman ,conque/4 ,revis$ ,edition4 ,) #f ,portraits4 #f vols4 #es4 ea*4 ---- ,life ( ,m>y ,que5 ( ,scots4 #b vols4 #es4 ea*4 ---- ,lives ( ! ,tudor & ,/u>t ,pr9cesses4 ,) ,portraits4 #es4 ,,/u>t & ,,revett',s ,antiquities ( ,a!ns1 & o!r ,monum5ts ( ,greece4 ,) #ga ,plates engrav$ on ,/eel1 & num]\s ,woodcut ,capitals4 #es4 ,,suetonius' ,lives ( ! ,twelve ,cs>s & ,lives ( ! ,gramm>ians4 ,?omson's translation1 revis$ by ,t4 ,=e/]4 #es4 ,,swift',s ,prose ,works4 ,edit$ by ,temple ,scott4 ,) a ,biographical ,introduction by ! ,"r ,hon4 ,w4 ,e4 ,h4 ,lecky1 ,m4,p4 ,) ,portraits & ,facsimiles4 #ab vols4 #es4 ea*4 ,i4--,a ,tale ( a ,tub1 ,! ,battle ( ! ,books1 & o!r e>ly works4 ,edit$ by ,temple ,scott4 ,) a ,biographical ,introduction by ,w4 ,e4 ,h4 ,lecky4 ,,ii4--,! ,j\rnal to ,/ella4 ,edit$ by ,fr$]ick ,ryl&1 ,m4,a4 ,) #b ,portraits & ,facsimile4 ,,iii4 ,,iv4--,writ+s on ,religion & ! ,*ur*4 ,v4--,hi/orical & ,political ,tracts 7,engli%74 ,,vi4--,! ,drapi]'s ,lett]s4 ,) facsimiles ( ,wood's ,co9age1 c4 ,,vii4--,hi/orical & ,political ,tracts 7,iri%74 ,,viii4--,gulliv]'s ,travels4 ,edit$ by ,g4 ,r4 ,d5nis1 ,b4,a4 ,) ,portrait & ,maps4 ,,ix4--,contributions to ,p]iodicals4 ,x4--,hi/orical ,writ+s4 ,,xi4--,lit]>y ,essays4 ,,xii4--,full ,index & ,bibliography1 ) ,essays on ! ,portraits ( ,swift by ,sir ,fr$]ick ,falk9]1 & on ! ,relations betwe5 ,swift & ,/ella by ! ,v ,rev4 ,dean ,b]n>d4 ---- ,poems4 ,edit$ by ,w4 ,ern/ ,br[n+4 #b vols4 #cs4 #f;d4 ea*4 ,,tacitus4 ,! ,works (4 ,lit]ally translat$4 #b vols4 #es4 ea*4 ,,tasso',s ,j]usalem ,deliv]$4 ,translat$ into ,engli% ,sp5s]ian ,v]se by ,j4 ,h4 ,wiff54 ,) #h ,engrav+s on ,/eel & #bd ,woodcuts by ,?ur/on4 #es4 ,,taylor',s 7,bi%op ,j]emy7 ,holy ,liv+ & ,dy+4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,t5 ,,br9k4--,see ,,br9k4 ,,t]5ce & ,,ph,,drus4 ,lit]ally translat$ by ,h4 ,t4 ,riley1 ,m4,a4 ,to :i* is add$1 ,sm>t's ,metrical ,v]sion ( ,phdrus4 #es4 ,,!ocritus1 ,,bion1 ,,mos*us1 & ,,tyrt,,u4 ,lit]ally translat$ by ! ,rev4 ,j4 ,banks1 ,m4,a4 ,to :i* are app5d$ ! ,metrical ,v]sions ( ,*apman4 #es4 ,,!odoret & ,,evagrius4 ,hi/ories ( ! ,*ur* f ,a4,d4 #ccb to ,a4,d4 #dbg2 & f ,a4,d4 #dca to ,a4,d4 #edd4 ,translat$4 #es4 ,,?i]ry',s ,hi/ory ( ! ,conque/ ( ,engl& by ! ,normans4 ,translat$ by ,william ,hazlitt4 #b vols4 #cs4 #f;d4 ea*4 ,,?ucydides4 ,! ,peloponnesian ,w>4 ,lit]ally translat$ by ! ,rev4 ,h4 ,dale4 #b vols4 #cs4 #f;d4 ea*4 ---- ,an ,analysis & ,summ>y (4 ,by ,j4 ,t4 ,:eel]4 #es4 ,,?udi*um 7,j4 ,l4 ,w47 ,a ,treatise on ,w9es4 ,illu/rat$4 #es4 ,,ure',s 7,dr4 ,a47 ,cotton ,manufacture ( ,great ,brita94 ,edit$ by ,p4 ,l4 ,simmonds4 #b vols4 #es4 ea*4 ---- ,philosophy ( ,manufactures4 ,edit$ by ,p4 ,l4 ,simmonds4 #gs4 #f;d4 ,,vas>i',s ,lives ( ! mo/ ,em95t ,pa9t]s1 ,sculptors1 & ,ar*itects4 ,translat$ by ,mrs4 ,j4 ,fo/]1 ) a ,comm5t>y by ,j4 ,p4 ,ri*t]1 ,ph4,d4 #f vols4 #cs4 #f;d4 ea*4 ,,virgil4 ,a ,lit]al ,prose ,translation by ,a4 ,hamilton ,bryce1 ,,ll4,d4 ,) ,portrait4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,voltaire',s ,tales4 ,translat$ by ,r4 ,b4 ,boswell4 ,conta9+ ,beb\c1 ,memnon1 ,c&ide1 ,l',+nu1 & o!r ,tales1 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,walton',s ,complete ,angl]4 ,edit$ by ,edw>d ,jesse4 ,) ,portrait & #bjc ,engrav+s on ,wood & #bf ,engrav+s on ,/eel4 #es4 ,,walton',s ,lives ( ,donne1 ,hook]1 c4 ,new ,edition revis$ by ,a4 ,h4 ,bull51 ) a ,memoir ( ,izaak ,walton by ,wm4 ,d[l+4 ,) num]\s ,illu/rations4 #es4 ,,well+ton1 ,life (4 ,by #8,an ,old ,soldi]4' ,f ! mat]ials ( ,maxwell4 ,) ,index & #ah ,/eel ,engrav+s4 #es4 ---- ,victories (4 ,see ,,maxwell4 ,,w]n]',s ,templ>s 9 ,cyprus4 ,translat$ by ,e4 ,a4 ,m4 ,lewis4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,we/ropp 7,h4 ,m47 ,a ,h&book ( ,ar*ology1 ,egyptian1 ,greek1 ,etruscan1 ,roman4 ,illu/rat$4 #es4 ,,:eatley',s ,a ,rational ,illu/ration ( ! ,book ( ,common ,pray]4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,:ite',s ,natural ,hi/ory ( ,selborne4 ,) ,notes by ,sir ,william ,j>d9e4 ,edit$ by ,edw>d ,jesse4 ,) #dj ,portraits & col\r$ ,plates4 #es4 ,,wiesel]',s ,*ronological ,synopsis ( ! ,f\r ,gospels4 ,translat$ by ! ,rev4 ,canon ,v5ables4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,william ( ,,malmesbury',s ,*ronicle ( ! ,k+s ( ,engl&4 ,translat$ by ! ,rev4 ,j4 ,%>pe4 ,edit$ by ,j4 ,a4 ,giles1 ,d4,c4,l4 #es4 ,,x5ophon',s ,works4 ,translat$ by ! ,rev4 ,j4 ,s4 ,watson1 ,m4,a41 & ! ,rev4 ,h4 ,dale4 ,9 #c vols4 #es4 ea*4 ,,"y 7,ar?ur74 ,travels 9 ,france dur+ ! ye>s #aghg1 #aghh1 & #aghi4 ,edit$ by ,m4 ,be?am ,edw>ds4 #cs4 #f;d4 ---- ,t\r ,9 ,irel&1 ) ,g5]al ,obs]vations on ! /ate ( ! c\ntry dur+ ! ye>s #aggf-gi4 ,edit$ by ,a4 ,w4 ,hutton4 ,) ,complete ,bibliography by ,j4 ,p4 ,&]son1 & ,map4 #b vols4 #cs4 #f;d4 ea*4 ,,yule-,,tide ,,/ories4 ,a ,collection ( ,sc&9avian & ,nor?-,g]man ,popul> ,tales & ,traditions4 ,edit$ by ,b4 ,?orpe4 #es4 ,,bohn',s ,,libr>ies4 ,a ,,special ,,(f]4 ,messrs4 ,bell h made arrangem5ts to supply selections ( #ajj or #ej volumes f ^! fam\s ,libr>ies1 = #aa #aas4 or #f #fs4 net respectively4 ,! volumes may be select$ )\t any re/riction f ! full ,li/ ( ! ,libr>ies1 n[ numb]+ ne>ly #gej volumes4 ,,write ,,= ,,full ,,p>ticul>s4 ,,! ,,york ,,libr>y ,a ,,new ,,s]ies ,,( ,,repr9ts ,,on ,,?9 ,,pap]4 ,) specially design$ title-pages1 b9d+1 & end-pap]s4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 9 clo?1 #bs4 net2 ,9 lea!r1 #cs4 net4 #8,! ,york ,libr>y is noticeable by reason ( ! wisdom & intellig5ce display$ 9 ! *oice ( unhackney$ classics4444 ,a mo/ attractive s]ies ( repr9ts4444 ,! size & /yle ( ! volumes are exactly :at !y %\ld be4'--,bookman4 ,! foll[+ volumes are n[ ready3 ,,*>lotte ,,bront',s ,,jane ,,eyre4 ,,burney',s ,,evel9a4 ,edit$1 ) an ,introduction & ,notes1 by ,,annie ,,ra9e ,,ellis4 ,,burney',s ,,cecilia4 ,edit$ by ,,annie ,,ra9e ,,ellis4 #b vols4 ,,burton',s ,,anatomy ,,( ,,melan*oly4 ,edit$ by ! ,rev4 ,a4 ,r4 ,,%illeto1 ,m4,a41 ) ,introduction by ,a4 ,h4 ,,bull54 #c vols4 ,,burton',s 7,,sir ,,ri*>d7 ,,pilgrimage ,,to ,,al-,,mad9ah ,,& ,,meccah4 ,) ,introduction by ,,/anley ,,lane-,,poole4 #b vols4 ,,calv]ley4 ,,! ,,idylls ,,( ,,!ocritus1 ) ! ,eclogues ( ,virgil4 ,translat$ into ,engli% ,v]se by ,c4 ,s4 ,,calv]ley4 ,) an ,introduction by ,r4 ,y4 ,,tyrrell1 ,litt4,d4 ,,c]vantes' ,,don ,,quixote4 ,,motteux',s ,translation1 revis$4 ,) ,,lockh>t',s ,life & ,notes4 #b vols4 ,,classic ,,tales3 ,,johnson',s ,,rasselas1 ,,goldsmi?',s ,,vic> ,,( ,,wakefield1 ,,/]ne',s ,,s5tim5tal ,,j\rney1 ,,walpole',s ,,ca/le ,,( ,,otranto4 ,) ,introduction by ,c4 ,s4 ,,fe>5side1 ,m4,a4 ,,col]idge',s ,,aids ,,to ,,reflection1 & ! ,confessions ( an ,inquir+ ,_s4 ,,col]idge',s ,,fri5d4 ,a s]ies ( ,essays on ,morals1 ,politics1 & ,religion4 ,,col]idge',s ,,table ,,talk ,,& ,,omniana4 ,arrang$ & ,edit$ by ,t4 ,,a%e1 ,b4,a4 ,,col]idge',s ,,lectures ,,& ,,notes ,,on ,,%akespe>e1 & o!r ,engli% ,poets4 ,edit$ by ,t4 ,,a%e1 ,b4,a4 ,,drap]',s ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,! ,,intellectual ,,developm5t ,,( ,,europe4 #b vols4 ,,eb]s' ,,an ,,egyptian ,,pr9cess4 ,translat$ by ,e4 ,s4 ,,bu*heim4 ,,george ,,eliot',s ,,adam ,,b$e4 ,,em]son',s ,,works4 ,a new edition 9 #e volumes1 ) ! ,text edit$ & collat$ by ,,george ,,sampson4 ,,field+',s ,,tom ,,jones 7#b vols471 ,,amelia 7#a vol471 ,,joseph ,,&rews 7#a vol474 ,,gaskell',s ,,sylvia',s ,,lov]s4 ,,ge/a ,,romanorum1 or ,ent]ta9+ ,moral ,/ories inv5t$ by ! ,monks4 ,translat$ f ! ,lat9 by ! ,rev4 ,,*>les ,,swan4 ,revis$ edition1 by ,,wynn>d ,,hoop]1 ,m4,a4 ,,goe!',s ,,fau/4 ,translat$ by ,,anna ,,swanwick1 ,,ll4,d4 ,revis$ edition1 ) an ,introduction & ,bibliography by ,,k>l ,,breul1 ,litt4,d41 ,ph4,d4 ,,goe!',s ,,poetry ,,& ,,tru? ,,f ,,my ,,own ,,life4 ,translat$ by ,m4 ,,/eele-,,smi?1 ) ,introduction & ,bibliography by ,,k>l ,,breul1 ,litt4,d4 ,,haw?orne',s ,,trans=mation 7,,! ,,m>ble ,,faun74 ,,hoop]',s ,,wat]loo3 ,,! ,,d[nfall ,,( ,,! ,,fir/ ,,napoleon4 ,) ,maps & ,plans4 ,,irv+',s ,,sket* ,,book4 ,,irv+',s ,,bracebridge ,,hall1 ,,or ,,! ,,hum\ri/s4 ,,jameson',s ,,%akespe>e',s ,,h]o9es4 ,,lamb',s ,,essays4 ,includ+ ! ,essays ( ,elia1 ,la/ ,essays ( ,elia1 & ,eliana4 ,,m>cus ,,aurelius ,,anton9us1 ,,! ,,?\ghts ,,(4 ,translat$ by ,,george ,,long1 ,m4,a4 ,) an ,essay on ,m>cus ,aurelius by ,,mat!w ,,arnold4 ,,m>ryat',s ,,mr4 ,,mid%ipman ,,easy4 ,) #h ,illu/rations4 #a vol4 ,,pet] ,,simple4 ,) #h ,illu/rations1 #a vol4 ,,mignet',s ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,! ,,fr5* ,,revolution1 f #aghi to #ahad4 ,,montaigne',s ,,essays4 ,cotton's translation4 ,revis$ by ,w4 ,c4 ,,hazlitt4 #c vols4 ,,motley',s ,,rise ,,( ,,! ,,dut* ,,republic4 ,) a ,biographical ,introduction by ,,moncure ,d4 ,,conway4 #c vols4 ,,pascal',s ,,?\ghts4 ,translat$ f ! ,text ( ,m4 ,,augu/e ,,mol9i] by ,c4 ,,kegan ,,paul4 ,?ird edition4 ,,plut>*',s ,,lives4 ,translat$1 ) ,notes & a ,life by ,,aubrey ,,/ew>t1 ,m4,a41 & ,,george ,,long1 ,m4,a4 #d vols4 ,,ranke',s ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,! ,,popes1 dur+ ! ,la/ ,f\r ,c5turies4 ,mrs4 ,fo/]'s translation4 ,revis$ by ,g4 ,r4 ,,d5nis4 #c vols4 ,,swift',s ,,gulliv]',s ,,travels4 ,edit$1 ) ,introduction & ,notes1 by ,g4 ,r4 ,,d5nis1 ) facsimiles ( ! orig9al illu/rations4 ,,swift',s ,,j\rnal ,,to ,,/ella4 ,edit$1 ) ,introduction & ,notes1 by ,f4 ,,ryl&1 ,m4,a4 ,,trollope',s ,,b>set%ire ,,novels4--,,! ,,w>d5 7#a vol471 ,,b>*e/] ,,t[]s 7#a vol471 ,,dr4 ,,?orne 7#a vol471 ,,framley ,,p>sonage 7#a vol471 ,,small ,,h\se ,,at ,,all+ton 7#b vols471 ,,la/ ,,*ronicle ,,( ,,b>set 7#b vols474 ,,voltaire',s ,,zadig ,,& ,,o!r ,,tales4 ,translat$ by ,r4 ,,bruce ,,boswell4 ,,ar?ur ,,"y',s ,,travels ,,9 ,,france1 dur+ ! ye>s #aghg1 #aghh1 & #aghi4 ,edit$ ) ,introduction & ,notes1 by ,m4 ,,be?am ,,edw>ds4 ,,ma/]s ,,( ,,lit]ature ,cr[n #hvo4 ) portrait1 #cs4 #f;d4 net ea*4 ,?is ,s]ies repres5ts an attempt to include 9 a portable =m ! f9e/ passages ( our prose ma/]s1 ) "s app>atus = ! int5sive /udy ( :at is1 by ! cons5t ( ! speciali/s1 ! p>ticul> au?or's v be/4 ,! selection ( passages has be5 entru/$ to ! be/ contempor>y guides1 :o are also critics ( ! fir/ rank1 & h ! necess>y p[] ( popul> exposition4 ,! editors h also be5 ask$ to adju/ _! introductions to ! selection1 & to write ! connect+ l9ks :i* =m a special feature ( ! s]ies4 ,^! connections br+ ! exc]pts toge!r 9 "o focus1 & exhibit at ! same "t ! unity & developm5t ( ! giv5 writ]'s "w4 ,fir/ ,li/ ( ,volumes3 ,,scott4 ,by ,pr(essor ,a4 ,j4 ,,grant4 ,,?ack]ay4 ,by ,g4 ,k4 ,,*e/]ton4 ,,field+4 ,by ,pr(essor ,,sa9tsbury4 ,,c>lyle4 ,by ,a4 ,w4 ,,evans4 ,,defoe4 ,by ,,john ,,masefield4 ,,em]son4 ,by ,g4 ,h4 ,,p]ris4 ,,de ,,qu9cey4 ,by ,,sidney ,,l[4 ,,dick5s4 ,by ,,?omas ,,seccombe4 ,,/]ne4 ,by ,dr4 ,,sidney ,,lee4 ,a detail$ prospectus w be s5t on application4 ,,bell',s ,,h&books ,,( ,,! ,,great ,,ma/]s ,,9 ,,pa9t+ ,,& ,,sculpture4 ,,edit$ ,,by ,g4 ,c4 ,,williamson1 ,,litt4,d4 ,,new ,,& ,,*eap] ,,reissue4 ,po/ #hvo4 ,) #dj ,illu/rations & ,photogravure ,frontispiece4 #cs4 #f;d4 net ea*4 ,! foll[+ ,volumes h be5 issu$3 ,,botticelli4 ,by ,a4 ,,/reet]4 #bnd ,edition4 ,,brunelles*i4 ,by ,,lead] ,,scott4 ,,correggio4 ,by ,,selwyn ,,br9ton1 ,m4,a4 #bnd ,edition4 ,,c>lo ,,crivelli4 ,by ,g4 ,,mcneil ,,ru%=?1 ,m4,a4 #bnd ,edition4 ,,della ,,robbia4 ,by ! ,,m>*esa ,,burlamac*i4 #bnd ,edition4 ,,&rea ,,del ,,s>to4 ,by ,h4 ,,gu9ness4 #bnd ,edition4 ,,donatello4 ,by ,,hope ,,rea4 #bnd ,edition4 ,,francia4 ,by ,,george ,c4 ,,williamson1 ,litt4,d4 ,,gaud5zio ,,f]r>i4 ,by ,,e!l ,,halsey4 ,,g]>d ,,d\4 ,by ,dr4 ,w4 ,,m>t94 ,translat$ by ,,cl>a ,,bell4 ,,giorgione4 ,by ,,h]b]t ,,cook1 ,m4,a4 #bnd ,edition4 ,,giotto4 ,by ,f4 ,,mason ,,p]k9s4 #bnd ,edition4 ,,frans ,,hals4 ,by ,,g]ald ,s4 ,,davies1 ,m4,a4 ,,leon>do ,,da ,,v9ci4 ,by ,,edw>d ,,mccurdy1 ,m4,a4 #bnd ,edition4 ,,lu9i4 ,by ,,george ,c4 ,,williamson1 ,litt4,d4 #crd ,edition4 ,,mantegna4 ,by ,,maud ,,cruttwell4 #bnd ,edition4 ,,meml9c4 ,by ,w4 ,h4 ,,james ,,weale4 #bnd ,edition4 ,,mi*el ,,angelo4 ,by ,"l ,,ronald ,,su!rl& ,,g[]1 ,m4,a41 ,f4,s4,a4 #bnd ,edition4 ,,p]ug9o4 ,by ,g ,c4 ,,williamson1 ,litt4,d4 #bnd ,edition4 ,,pi]o ,,della ,,francesca4 ,by ,w4 ,g4 ,,wat]s1 ,m4,a4 ,,p9toric*io4 ,by ,,evelyn ,,m>* ,,phillipps4 ,,raphael4 ,by ,h4 ,,/ra*ey4 #bnd ,edition4 ,,rembr&t4 ,by ,,malcolm ,,bell4 #bnd ,edition4 ,,rub5s4 ,by ,,hope ,,rea4 ,,signorelli4 ,by ,,maud ,,cruttwell4 #bnd ,edition4 ,,sodoma4 ,by ! ,,contessa ,,lor5zo ,,priuli-,,bon4 ,,t9toretto4 ,by ,j4 ,b4 ,,/\ghton ,,holborn1 ,m4,a4 ,,van ,,dyck4 ,by ,,lionel ,,cu/1 ,m4,v4,o41 ,f4,s4,a4 ,,velasquez4 ,by ,r4 ,a4 ,m4 ,,/ev5son4 #e? ,edition4 ,,watteau4 ,by ,,edgcumbe ,,/aley1 ,b4,a4 ,,wilkie4 ,by ,"l ,,ronald ,,su!rl& ,,g[]1 ,m4,a41 ,f4,s4,a4 ,write = ,illu/rat$ ,prospectus4 ,new ,editions1 fcap4 #hvo4 #bs4 #f;d4 ea* net4 ,,! ,,ald9e ,,edition ,,( ,,! ,,briti% ,,poets4 #8,?is excell5t edition ( ! ,engli% classics1 ) _! complete texts & s*ol>ly introductions1 are some?+ v diff]5t f ! *eap volumes ( extracts :i* are j n[ s mu* too common4'--,/4 ,james's ,gazette4 #8,an excell5t s]ies4 ,small1 h&y1 & complete4'--,saturday ,review4 ,blake4 ,edit$ by ,w4 ,m4 ,rossetti4 ,burns4 ,edit$ by ,q4 ,a4 ,aitk54 #c vols4 ,butl]4 ,edit$ by ,b4 ,b4 ,johnson4 #b vols4 ,campbell4 ,edit$ by ,8 ,son-9-law1 ! ,rev4 ,a4 ,w4 ,hill4 ,) ,memoir by ,w4 ,all+ham4 ,*att]ton4 ,edit$ by ! ,rev4 ,w4 ,w4 ,skeat1 ,m4,a4 #b vols4 ,*auc]4 ,edit$ by ,dr4 ,r4 ,morris1 ) ,memoir by ,sir ,h4 ,nicolas4 #f vols4 ,*ur*ill4 ,edit$ by ,jas4 ,hannay4 #b vols4 ,col]idge4 ,edit$ by ,t4 ,a%e1 ,b4,a4 #b vols4 ,coll9s4 ,edit$ by ,w4 ,moy ,?omas4 ,c[p]4 ,edit$ by ,john ,bruce1 ,f4,s4,a4 #c vols4 ,dryd54 ,edit$ by ! ,rev4 ,r4 ,hoop]1 ,m4,a4 #e vols4 ,goldsmi?4 ,revis$ ,edition by ,au/9 ,dobson4 ,) ,portrait4 ,gray4 ,edit$ by ,j4 ,brad%aw1 ,,ll4,d4 ,h]b]t4 ,edit$ by ! ,rev4 ,a4 ,b4 ,gros>t4 ,h]rick4 ,edit$ by ,george ,sa9tsbury4 #b vols4 ,keats4 ,edit$ by ! late ,"l ,h\ghton4 ,kirke ,:ite4 ,edit$1 ) a ,memoir1 by ,sir ,h4 ,nicolas4 ,milton4 ,edit$ by ,dr4 ,brad%aw4 #b vols4 ,p>nell4 ,edit$ by ,g4 ,a4 ,aitk54 ,pope4 ,edit$ by ,g4 ,r4 ,d5nis1 ,) ,memoir by ,john ,d5nis4 #c vols4 ,prior4 ,edit$ by ,b4 ,b4 ,johnson4 #b vols4 ,raleigh & ,wotton4 ,) ,selections f ! ,writ+s ( o!r ,,c\rtly ,,poets f #aedj to #afej4 ,edit$ by ,v54 ,ar*deacon ,hannah1 ,d4,c4,l4 ,rog]s4 ,edit$ by ,edw>d ,bell1 ,m4,a4 ,scott4 ,edit$ by ,john ,d5nis4 #e vols4 ,%akespe>e's ,poems4 ,edit$ by ,rev4 ,a4 ,dyce4 ,%elley4 ,edit$ by ,h4 ,buxton ,=man4 #e vols4 ,sp5s]4 ,edit$ by ,j4 ,payne ,colli]4 #e vols4 ,surrey4 ,edit$ by ,j4 ,ye[ell4 ,swift ,edit$ by ! ,rev4 ,j4 ,mit=d4 #c vols4 ,?omson4 ,edit$ by ! ,rev4 ,d4 ,c4 ,tovey4 #b vols4 ,vaughan4 ,sacr$ ,poems & ,pi\s ,ejaculations4 ,edit$ by ! ,rev4 ,h4 ,lyte4 ,wordswor?4 ,edit$ by ,pr(4 ,d[d54 #g vols4 ,wyatt4 ,edit$ by ,j4 ,ye[ell4 ,"y4 #b vols4 ,edit$ by ! ,rev4 ,j4 ,mit=d4 ,,! ,,all-,,engl& ,,s]ies4 ,,h&books ,,( ,,a?letic ,,games4 #8,! be/ in/ruction on games & sports by ! be/ au?orities1 at ! l[e/ prices4'--,ox=d ,magaz9e4 ,small #hvo4 clo?1 ,illu/rat$4 ,price #as4 ea*4 ,cricket4 ,by ,,fr$ ,c4 ,,holl&4 ,cricket4 ,by ! ,hon4 & ,rev4 ,e4 ,,lyttelton4 ,croquet4 ,by ,lieut4-,col4 ! ,hon4 ,h4 ,c4 ,,ne$ham4 ,lawn ,t5nis4 ,by ,h4 ,w4 ,w4 ,,wilb]=ce4 ,) a ,*apt] = ,ladies1 by ,mrs4 ,,hilly>d4 ,t5nis & ,rackets & ,fives4 ,by ,,julian ,,m>%all1 ,major ,j4 ,,sp5s1 & ,rev4 ,j4 ,a4 ,,arnan ,,tait4 ,golf4 ,by ,h4 ,s4 ,c4 ,,ev]>d4 ,d\ble vol4 #bs4 ,r[+ & ,scull+4 ,by ,,guy ,,rixon4 ,r[+ & ,scull+4 ,by ,w4 ,b4 ,,woodgate4 ,sail+4 ,by ,e4 ,f4 ,,knight1 dbl4 vol4 #bs4 ,swimm+4 ,by ,,m>t9 & ,j4 ,,rac/] ,,cobbett4 ,camp+ out4 ,by ,a4 ,a4 ,,macdonell4 ,d\ble vol4 #bs4 ,canoe+4 ,by ,dr4 ,j4 ,d4 ,,hayw>d4 ,d\ble vol4 #bs4 ,m\nta9e]+4 ,by ,dr4 ,,claude ,,wilson4 ,d\ble vol4 #bs4 ,rid+4 ,by ,w4 ,a4 ,,k]r1 ,v4,c4 ,d\ble vol4 #bs4 ,ladies' ,rid+4 ,by ,w4 ,a4 ,,k]r1 ,v4,c4 ,box+4 ,by ,r4 ,g4 ,,allanson-,,w9n4 ,) ,prefatory ,note by ,bat ,mull9s4 ,f5c+4 ,by ,h4 ,a4 ,,colmore ,,dunn4 ,cycl+4 by ,h4 ,h4 ,,griff91 ,l4,a4,c41 ,n4,c4,u41 ,c4,t4,c4 ,) a ,*apt] = ,ladies1 by ,miss ,,agnes ,,wood4 ,d\ble vol4 #bs4 ,wre/l+4 ,by ,,walt] ,,arm/rong4 ,new ,edition4 ,broadsword & ,s+le/ick4 ,by ,r4 ,g4 ,,allanson-,,w9n & ,c4 ,,phillipps-,,wolley4 ,gymna/ics4 ,by ,a4 ,f4 ,,j5k94 ,d\ble vol4 #bs4 ,gymna/ic ,competition & ,display ,ex]cises4 ,compil$ by ,f4 ,,graf4 ,indian ,clubs4 ,by ,g4 ,t4 ,b4 ,,cobbett & ,a4 ,f4 ,,j5k94 ,dumb-bells4 ,by ,f4 ,,graf4 ,football--,rugby ,game4 ,by ,,h>ry ,,vassall4 ,revis$ ,edition 7#aiji7 ,football--,association ,game4 ,by ,c4 ,w4 ,,alcock4 ,revis$ ,edition4 ,hockey4 ,by ,f4 ,s4 ,,creswell4 ,new ,edition4 ,skat+4 ,by ,,d\glas ,,adams4 ,) a ,*apt] = ,ladies1 by ,miss ,l4 ,,*ee?am1 & a ,*apt] on ,spe$ ,skat+1 by a ,f5 ,skat]4 ,dbl4 vol4 #bs4 ,baseball4 ,by ,,newton ,,crane4 ,r\nd]s1 ,fieldball1 ,b[ls1 ,quoits1 ,curl+1 ,skittles1 c4 ,by ,j4 ,m4 ,,walk] & ,c4 ,c4 ,,mott4 ,danc+4 ,by ,,edw>d ,,scott4 ,d\ble vol4 #bs4 ,,! ,,club ,,s]ies ,,( ,,c>d ,,& ,,table ,,games4 #8,no well-regulat$ club or c\ntry h\se %\ld be )\t ?is useful s]ies ( books4'--,globe4 ,small #hvo4 clo?1 ,illu/rat$4 ,price #as4 ea*4 ,bridge4 ,by #8,,templ>4' ,six-h&$ ,bridge4 ,by ,,hub]t ,,/u>t4 #f;d4 ,:i/ ,by ,dr4 ,,wm4 ,,pole1 ,f4,r4,s4 ,solo ,:i/4 ,by ,,rob]t ,f4 ,,gre54 ,billi>ds4 ,by ,major-,g54 ,a4 ,w4 ,,drayson1 ,f4,r4,a4,s4 ,) a ,preface by ,w4 ,j4 ,peall4 ,h9ts on ,billi>ds4 ,by ,j4 ,p4 ,,bu*anan4 ,d\ble vol4 #bs4 ,*ess4 ,by ,,rob]t ,f4 ,,gre54 ,! ,two-,move ,*ess ,problem4 ,by ,b4 ,g4 ,,laws4 ,*ess ,op5+s4 ,by ,i4 ,,gunsb]g4 ,draughts & ,backgammon4 ,by #8,,b]keley4' ,rev]si & ,g ,bang4 ,by #8,,b]keley4' ,dom9oes & ,solitaire4 ,by #8,,b]keley4' ,bzique & ,cribbage4 ,by #8,,b]keley4' c>t & ,eu*re4 ,by #8,,b]keley4' ,piquet & ,rubicon ,piquet4 ,by #8,,b]keley4' ,skat4 ,by ,,l\is ,,diehl4 ,a ,skat ,scor+-book4 #as4 ,r\nd ,games1 includ+ ,pok]1 ,napoleon1 ,loo1 ,v+t-et-un1 c4 ,by ,,baxt]-,,wray4 ,p>l\r & ,playgr\nd ,games4 ,by ,mrs4 ,,laur5ce ,,gomme4 ,,bell',s ,,ca!dral ,,s]ies4 ,pr(usely ,illu/rat$1 clo?1 cr[n #hvo #as4 #f;d4 net ea*4 ,,engli% ,,ca!drals4 ,an ,it9]>y & ,description4 ,compil$ by ,,james ,g4 ,,gil*ri/1 ,a4,m41 ,m4,d4 ,revis$ & edit$ ) an ,introduction on ,ca!dral ,ar*itecture by ! ,rev4 ,t4 ,,p]k9s1 ,m4,a41 ,f4,r4,a4,s4 #bnd ,edition1 revis$4 ,,bangor4 ,by ,p4 ,b4 ,,ironside ,,bax4 ,,bri/ol4 ,by ,h4 ,j4 ,l4 ,j4 ,,mass1 ,m4,a4 #bnd ,edition4 ,,cant]bury4 ,by ,,h>tley ,,)]s4 #f? ,edition4 ,,c>lisle4 ,by ,c4 ,,k+ ,,eley4 ,,*e/]4 ,by ,,*>les ,,hiatt4 #crd ,edition4 ,,*i*e/]4 ,by ,h4 ,c4 ,,corlette1 ,a4,r4,i4,b4,a4 #bnd ,edition4 ,,durham4 ,by ,j4 ,e4 ,,bygate1 ,a4,r4,c4,a4 #d? ,edition4 ,,ely4 ,by ,rev4 ,w4 ,d4 ,,sweet+1 ,m4,a4 #crd ,edition4 ,,exet]4 ,by ,,p]cy ,,addle%aw1 ,b4,a4 #crd ,edition1 revis$4 ,,gl\ce/]4 ,by ,h4 ,j4 ,l4 ,j4 ,,mass1 ,m4,a4 #e? ,edition4 ,,h]e=d4 ,by ,a4 ,,hugh ,,fi%]1 ,a4,r4,e4 #bnd ,edition1 revis$4 ,,li*field4 ,by ,a4 ,b4 ,,clifton4 #crd ,edition1 revis$4 ,,l9coln4 ,by ,a4 ,f4 ,,k5drick1 ,b4,a4 #d? ,edition4 ,,ll&aff4 ,by ,e4 ,c4 ,,morgan ,,willmott1 ,a4,r4,i4,b4,a4 ,,man*e/]4 ,by ,rev4 ,t4 ,,p]k9s1 ,m4,a4 ,,norwi*4 ,by ,c4 ,h4 ,b4 ,,qu5nell4 #bnd ,edition1 revis$4 ,,ox=d4 ,by ,rev4 ,,p]cy ,,de>m]1 ,m4,a4 #bnd ,edition1 revis$4 ,,pet]bor\gh4 ,by ,rev4 ,w4 ,d4 ,,sweet+4 #crd ,edition1 revis$4 ,,ripon4 ,by ,,cecil ,,hallett1 ,b4,a4 #bnd ,edition4 ,,ro*e/]4 ,by ,g4 ,h4 ,,palm]1 ,b4,a4 #bnd ,edition1 revis$4 ,,/4 ,,albans4 ,by ,rev4 ,t4 ,,p]k9s1 ,m4,a4 ,,/4 ,,asaph4 ,by ,p4 ,b4 ,,ironside ,,bax4 ,,/4 ,,david',s4 ,by ,,philip ,,robson1 ,a4,r4,i4,b4,a4 #bnd ,edition4 ,,/4 ,,patrick',s1 ,,dubl94 ,by ,rev4 ,j4 ,h4 ,,b]n>d1 ,m4 ,a41 ,d4,d4 #bnd ,edition4 ,,/4 ,,paul',s4 ,by ,rev4 ,,ar?ur ,,dimock1 ,m4,a4 #d? ,edition1 revis$4 ,,/4 ,,savi\r',s1 ,,s\?w>k4 ,by ,,george ,,worley4 ,,salisbury4 ,by ,,gleeson ,,:ite4 #d? ,edition1 revis$4 ,,s\?well4 ,by ,rev4 ,,ar?ur ,,dimock1 ,m4,a4 #bnd ,edition1 revis$4 ,,wells4 ,by ,rev4 ,,p]cy ,,de>m]1 ,m4,a4 #d? ,edition4 ,,w9*e/]4 ,by ,p4 ,w4 ,,s]geant4 #d? ,edition1 revis$4 ,,worce/]4 ,by ,e4 ,f4 ,,/range4 #crd ,edition4 ,,york4 ,by ,a4 ,,clutton-,,brock1 ,m4,a4 #e? ,edition4 ,uni=m ) above ,s]ies4 ,n[ ready4 #as4 #f;d4 net ea*4 ,,ba? ,,abbey1 ,,malmesbury ,,abbey1 & ,,brad=d-,,on-,,avon ,,*ur*4 ,by ! ,rev4 ,t4 ,,p]k9s1 ,m4,a4 ,,bev]ley ,,m9/]4 ,by ,,*>les ,,hiatt4 #bnd ,edition4 ,,! ,,*ur*es ,,( ,,cov5try4 ,by ,,fr$]ick ,w4 ,,woodh\se4 ,,malv]n ,,priory4 ,by ! ,rev4 ,,an?ony ,c4 ,,deane4 7,9 ! ,press47 ,,romsey ,,abbey4 ,by ! ,rev4 ,t4 ,,p]k9s1 ,m4,a4 ,,/4 ,,b>?olomew',s1 ,,smi?field4 ,by ,,george ,,worley4 ,,/4 ,,m>t9',s ,,*ur*4 ,,cant]bury4 ,by ! ,rev ,canon ,c4 ,f4 ,,r\tl$ge4 #bnd ,edition4 ,,/rat=d-,,on-,,avon ,,*ur*4 ,by ,,h>old ,,bak]4 #bnd ,edition4 ,,! ,,temple ,,*ur*4 ,by ,,george ,,worley4 ,,tewkesbury ,,abbey4 ,by ,h4 ,j4 ,l4 ,j4 ,,mass1 ,m4,a4 #d? ,edition4 ,,wimborne ,,m9/] & ,,*ri/*ur* ,,priory4 ,by ! ,rev4 ,t4 ,,p]k9s1 ,m4,a4 #bnd ,edition4 ,,we/m9/] ,,abbey4 ,by ,,*>les ,,hiatt4 #crd ,edition4 ,,bell',s ,,h&books ,,to ,,cont95tal ,,*ur*es4 ,pr(usely ,illu/rat$4 ,cr[n #hvo1 clo?1 #bs4 #f;d4 net ea*4 ,,ami5s4 ,by ! ,rev4 ,t4 ,,p]k9s1 ,m4,a4 ,,bayeux4 ,by ! ,rev4 ,r4 ,s4 ,,mylne4 ,,*>tres3 ,! ,ca!dral & ,o!r ,*ur*es4 ,by ,h4 ,j4 ,l4 ,j4 ,,mass1 ,m4,a4 ,,mont ,,/4 ,,mi*el4 ,by ,h4 ,j4 ,l4 ,j4 ,,mass1 ,m4,a4 ,,p>is 7,,notre-,,dame74 ,by ,,*>les ,,hiatt4 ,,r\53 ,! ,ca!dral & ,o!r ,*ur*es4 ,by ! ,rev4 ,t4 ,,p]k9s1 ,m4,a4 ,new f ,cov] to ,cov]4 ,,web/]',s ,,new ,,int]national ,,diction>y4 ,messrs4 ,bell h pleasure 9 ann\nc+ an entirely new edition ( ,web/]'s ,int]national ,diction>y4 ,! fruit ( t5 ye>s' "w on ! "p ( ! l>ge /aff ( ,editors & ,contributors is repres5t$ 9 ?is edition1 :i* is 9 no s5se a m]e revision ( #8,! ,int]national1' b exce$s t book--9 conv5i5ce1 quantity1 & quality--z mu* z x surpass$ ! #8,unabridg$4' ,po9ts ( ! ,new ,int]national4 #djj1jjj ,,words ,,& ,,phrases ,,def9$4 ,half ?is numb] 9 old ,int]national4 #bgjj ,,pages1 e l9e ( :i* has be5 revis$ & reset4 7#djj pages 9 excess ( old ,int]national1 & yet ! new book is practically ! same size47 #fjjj ,,illu/rations1 ea* select$ = ! cle> explication ( ! t]m treat$4 ,,divid$ ,,page3 important words above1 less important bel[4 ,,encyclop,,dic ,,in=mation on ?\s&s ( subjects4 ,,synonyms m skilfully treat$ ?an 9 any o!r ,engli% "w4 ,,gazette] & ,,biographical ,,diction>y are up to date4 ,,m ,,in=mation ( ,,m int]e/ to ,,m p ?an any o!r ,diction>y4 ,,get ,,! ,,be/ 9 ,s*ol>%ip1 ,conv5i5ce1 ,au?ority1 ,utility4 ,,write ,,n[ = full prospectus & specim5 pages ,,london3 ,g4 ,,bell ,,sons1 ,,ltd41 ,,york ,,h\se1 ,,portugal ,,/41 ,,k+sway1 ,w4,c4 ,transcrib]'s ,notes ,! language us$ 9 ! s\rce docum5t has be5 reta9$1 except z m5tion$ bel[4 ,?is includes unusual & inconsi/5t spell+s 7also ( names & titles ( publications71 hyph5ation1 punctuation1 ! inconsi/5t use ( quotation m>ks1 etc4 ,non-,engli% words & phrases 79 p>ticul> 9 texts quot$ by ! au?or7 h n be5 correct$1 except z li/$ bel[4 ,preface3 444 ! movable fea/s are plac$ "u ! e>lie/ days on :i* !y c fall3 ?is is n always ! case1 & "s movable fea/s are describ$ 9 *apt]s )\t dates4 ,pages #ff & #id3 ,fits,stephen & ,fitz,stephens may ref] to ! same p]son4 ,page #bee1 ,& all t x wants is a m little silv]3 z pr9t$ 9 ! s\rce docum5t4 ,o!r s\rces give 8a little m silv]04 ,page #beh1 ,hucknall ,folk>d3 z pr9t$ 9 ! s\rce docum5t2 possibly ,hucknall ,tork>d1 bo? names appe> to exi/4 ,page #bei1 ,ak]man3 z pr9t$ 9 ! s\rce docum5t2 o!rs spell+s exi/ z well4 ,page #bhh1 444 ! enrolm5t ( a regul> arm\r 4443 possibly an error = 444 ! enrolm5t ( a regul> army4444 ,page #ddj3 444 aft] ! dea? ( 8 wife & h] daught] 4443 does n seem logical 78 wife already hav+ di$71 b is z pr9t$ 9 ! s\rce docum5t4 ,o!r s\rces m5tion only ! daught] 9 respect to ! #f p\nds4 ,*anges made3 ,"s punctuation errors & obvi\s m9or typographical errors h be5 correct$ sil5tly4 ,footnotes h be5 mov$ to "u ! p>agraph1 poem1 etc4 to :i* !y belong4 ,= ?is e-text1 fe/ivals1 days1 dates etc4 h be5 reg>d$ z *apt]s1 ) c\ntries1 c\nties or o!r localities be+ sections4 ,9 "s cases1 ?is is a *ange comp>$ to ! s\rce docum5t4 ,9 "s cases ! s\rce ( poems & songs has be5 mov$ to its own l9e und]nea? ! poem or song4 ,page #abf3 ,! date 7,m>* #ae7 has be5 mov$ f be=e ,,scotl& to be=e ,,palm ,,saturday ,page #ade3 royal gate arms *ang$ to royal gate alms ,page #agi3 ,portaff]y *ang$ to ,portaf]ry ,page #bei3 ,tu1 qui non d$ignatus es *ang$ to ,te1 qui non d$ignatus es ,page #bij3 tri5nally *ang$ to tri5nially 7cf4 bi5nially 9 ! same s5t5ce7 ,page #cdh3 mobility *ang$ to nobility ,page #cfi3 ,! mon? 7,sept47 has be5 mov$ f be=e ,lanca%ire to be=e ,,eccles ,,wake ,page #cgj3 cork t[n ,c\ncil *ang$ to ,cork t[n c\ncil ,page #dag3 revis$ *ang$ to reviv$ ,page #dcd3 444 & ! book l1 acolytes1 444 *ang$ to 444 & ! book1 l acolytes1 444 ,page #eai3 ,tu? ,day mov$ to its prop] place ,page ,a#ad3 entry ,longus mov$ to be=e ,l[ndes