,transcriber's ,note3 ,inconsistent hyphenation and spelling in the original document have been preserved4 ,obvious typographical errors have been corrected4 ,italic text is denoted by underscores4 ,illustration3 ,no4 #ac4 ,,queen',s ,,head ,,inn1 ,,southwark4 ,,victoria ,,albert ,,museum ,,catalogues ,,drawings ,,of ,,old ,,london ,,by ,,philip ,,norman1 ,,ll4,d41 ,f4,s4,a4 ,,illustrated ,,london ,,published ,,by ,,his ,,majesty',s ,,stationery ,,office #aiac ,crown ,copyright ,reserved ,price ,sixpence ,,first ,,printed ,,may #aijj4 ,,revised ,,and ,,reprinted ,,july #aiac4 ,,note4 ,the ,drawings of ,old ,london1 which form the subject of this ,catalogue1 were made by ,mr4 ,philip ,norman1 ,,ll4,d41 ,f4,s4,a41 in almost every case from the actual buildings1 many of which have since been demolished or essentially altered in appearance4 ,they form1 consequently1 an important record of characteristic examples of ,old ,london architecture1 chiefly domestic2 and1 from this point of view1 may be recommended to the attention of students4 ,the collection was purchased for the ,museum1 in ,january #ahif1 on the recommendation of ,professor ,w4 ,middleton and ,william ,morris4 ,the thanks of the ,board are due to ,mr4 ,norman for his courtesy in providing the whole of the descriptions of the drawings2 and also for revising the proofs of the present edition and lending the block of ,no4 #f1 ,the ,old ,houses1 ,white ,hart ,inn4 ,the drawings can be seen by visitors1 in the ,students' ,room of the ,department of ,engraving1 ,illustration and ,design 7,room #ga71 at any time when the ,museum is open1 except on ,sundays4 ,the ,department also contains other drawings and prints of a similar nature2 and a ,topographical ,index referring thereto4 ,,cecil ,,smith4 ,victoria and ,albert ,museum1 ,july #aiac4 ,,list ,,of ,,illustrations4 ,page ,,queen',s ,,head ,,inn1 ,,southwark frontispiece ,,old ,,houses1 ,,white ,,hart ,,inn1 ,,southwark facing #b ,,nag',s ,,head ,,inn ,,yard1 ,,southwark #d ,,king',s ,,head ,,inn1 ,,southwark #f ,,entrance ,,to ,,great ,,st4 ,,helen',s #ab ,,view ,,from ,,paul',s ,,pier #bb ,,cock ,,and ,,pie1 ,,drury ,,lane #cj ,,emanuel ,,hospital1 ,,westminster #cb ,,catalogue ,,of ,,drawings ,,of ,,old ,,london4 ,,by ,,philip ,,norman1 ,,ll4,d41 ,f4,s4,a4 ,the dimensions are in inches1 the height being given first4 #a4 ,old ,elephant and ,castle1 ,newington ,butts 7,sepia74 ,the famous tavern so named is situated about a mile south of ,london ,bridge1 at a place where several important roads meet4 ,in the coaching days it was passed by every traveller going south-east from ,london1 and it is now a well-known halting station for omnibuses and tramcars4 ,a writer in a famous publication has asserted that this was the house referred to by ,shakespeare1 as follows3-- ,in the ,south ,suburbs1 at the ,elephant1 ,is best to lodge4--,twelfth ,night2 ,act iii41 ,sc4 #c4 ,in fact1 the ,elephant and ,castle at ,newington ,butts did not come into existence until long after ,shakespeare's time4 ,the ground on which it stands was not yet built upon in #afeh1 being then granted as a charitable donation to the poor of ,newington parish4 ,the grant was renewed and confirmed in #afgc1 when the structure here represented may already have come into existence1 for we are told that building operations had then lately taken place4 ,the sign may be derived from the crest of the ,cutlers' ,company4 ,close to the ,elephant and ,castle1 during the construction of a new sewer in #ahbc1 some piles1 posts1 and rings for barges were found imbedded in the soil4 ,hard by1 in the early part of this century1 that strange fanatic1 ,joanna ,southcott1 set up a meeting-house for her followers4 ,newington ,butts was so named from the exercise of archery at the butts1 which was practised here by the parishioners in ,tudor times4 ,the inn was rebuilt in #ahbd4 ,of late there has been another rebuilding on the same site4 ,the view is founded on an old drawing in the ,gardner collection4 ,a house called the ,oliphant1 previously the ,red ,hart1 is mentioned in the vestry proceedings of ,st4 ,saviour's parish1 ,southwark1 in #aeih1 and an ,elephant ,alley near the ,globe theatre comes to light in the ,st4 ,saviour's sacramental token book for #afjj4 ,shakespeare may have had in his mind the building thus indicated1 when he made the allusion quoted above4 7#f-e_/h #aj-a_/h7 ,d4 #hb-ahif4 #b4 ,white ,hart ,inn ,yard1 ,southwark1 #ahhd 7,water-colour74 7#ac-a_/d #ag-c_/h7 ,d4 #g-ahif4 #c4 ,back of ,white ,hart ,inn1 ,evening1 #ahhd 7,black and white74 7#i-c_/h #ac-i_/af7 ,d4 #h-ahif4 #d4 ,in the ,gallery of the ,white ,hart1 #ahhd 7,water-colour74 7#aa-e_/h #h-ac_/af7 ,d4 #i;,a-#ahif4 #e4 ,in the ,gallery of the ,white ,hart1 #ahhd 7,black and white74 7#aa-a_/d #h-e_/h7 ,d4 #i;,b-#ahif4 #f4 ,old ,houses in ,inner ,yard of the ,white ,hart1 #ahhd 7,water-colour74 ,illustration3 ,no4 #f4 ,,old ,,houses4 ,,white ,,hart ,,inn4 ,,southwark4 ,southwark being on the high road to the coast and to ,canterbury1 which contained the famous shrine of ,st4 ,thomas ,becket1 was for centuries occupied by inns in number out of all proportion to ordinary shops and dwellings4 ,the ,borough1 according to a ,state ,paper of #afai1 consists chiefly of inn-keepers4 ,john ,stow1 in his ,survey 7#aeih71 says1 from thence 7the ,marshalsea7 towards ,london ,bridge on the same side1 be many fair inns for the receipt of travellers2 by these signs3 the ,spurre1 ,christopher1 ,bull1 ,queen's ,head1 ,tabard1 ,george1 ,hart1 ,king's ,head1 etc4 ,of older date 7about #aedb7 is a map of ,southwark1 to be found among the ,duchy of ,lancaster ,records in the ,record ,office1 which shows almost all the more important ,southwark inns4 ,they were grouped together chiefly on the east side of what is now called the ,borough ,high ,street1 the most distant not being more than a quarter of a mile apart4 ,these inns had a gateway from the street1 which was closed at night4 ,passing through this gateway one entered a yard1 round which ran the galleries where the guests were housed4 ,beyond this again there was a larger yard1 which contained the stabling1 and where there were often various tenements4 ,this was approached by a passage from the outer yard1 and generally there was also access to it from behind4 ,the ,white ,hart was perhaps the largest ,southwark inn1 and appears to have dated from the latter part of the #adth century1 the sign being the badge of ,richard ,,ii41 derived from his mother1 ,joan of ,kent4 ,in the summer of #adej it was ,jack ,cade's headquarters whilst he was striving to gain possession of ,london4 ,hall1 in his ,chronicle1 thus speaks of him3--,the capitayn being advertized of the kynge's absence came first into ,southwarke1 and there lodged at the ,white ,hart1 prohibiting to all men ,murder1 ,rape1 or ,robbery2 by which colour he allured to him the hartes of the common people4 ,it must have been by his orders1 if not in his presence1 that at the ,whyt harte in ,southwarke1 one ,hawaydyne of sent ,martyns was beheaded1 as we are told in the ,chronicle of the ,grey ,friars4 ,here1 too1 ,sir ,john ,fastolfe's servant1 ,payne1 was despoiled and threatened with death4 ,cade's success was of short duration3 his followers wavered2 he said1 or might have said1 in the words of ,shakespeare 7#b ,henry ,,vi41 act iv41 sc4 #h71 ,hath my sword therefore broke through ,london gates that you should leave me at the ,white ,hart in ,southwark8 ,the outbreak collapsed1 and our inn is not heard of again for many years4 ,in #aebi a message was sent to ,thomas ,cromwell1 the notorious minister of ,henry ,,viii41 by some one asking for an interview at the ,white ,hart4 ,in #affi the back of the inn was burnt down2 and on ,may #bf1 #afgf1 a most destructive fire occurred in ,southwark1 when according to the best authorities1 no fewer than #ejj houses were either burnt or blown up4 ,the ,white ,hart was quite destroyed1 but was rebuilt shortly afterwards on the old foundations1 at a cost of #b1djj4 ,in #agbj ,strype describes it as very large and of a considerable trade1 being esteemed one of the best inns in ,southwark1 and it so continued until the early years of the #aith century4 ,charles ,dickens1 in the tenth chapter of ,pickwick1 has given us the following graphic description of the house when something of its old prosperity still clung to it3-- ,in the ,borough especially1 there still remain some half dozen old inns1 which have preserved their external features unchanged and which have escaped alike the rage for public improvement and the encroachment of private speculation4 ,great1 rambling1 queer old places they are1 with galleries1 and passages1 and staircases1 wide enough and antiquated enough to furnish material for a hundred ghost stories4 ,it was in the yard of one of these inns--of no less celebrated a one than the ,white ,hart--that a man was busily employed in brushing the dirt off a pair of boots1 early on the morning succeeding the events narrated in the last chapter4 ,the yard presented none of that bustle and activity which are the usual characteristics of a large coach inn4 ,three or four lumbering wagons1 each with a pile of goods beneath its ample canopy1 about the height of the second floor window of an ordinary house1 were stowed away beneath a lofty roof1 which extended over one end of the yard2 and another1 which was probably to commence its journey that morning1 was drawn out into the open space4 ,a double tier of bedroom galleries1 with old clumsy balustrades1 ran round two sides of the straggling area1 and a double row of bells to correspond1 sheltered from the weather by a little sloping roof1 hung over the door leading to the bar and coffee-room4 ,two or three gigs and chaise-carts were wheeled up under different little sheds and penthouses2 and the occasional heavy tread of a cart-horse1 or rattling of a chain at the further end of the yard1 announced to anybody who cared about the matter1 that the stable lay in that direction4 ,when we add that a few boys in smock frocks were lying asleep on heavy packages1 woolpacks1 and other articles that were scattered about on heaps of straw1 we have described as fully as need be1 the general appearance of the yard of the ,white ,hart ,inn1 ,high ,street1 ,borough1 on the particular morning in question4 ,in #ahfe-ff the south side of the building was replaced by a modern tavern1 which appears to the right of drawing ,no4 #b4 ,some years previously the yard had been disfigured by a penthouse or lean-to 7also shown in this drawing71 which was used for the business of a bacon dryer4 ,the old galleries on the north and east sides were let out in tenements4 ,in the inner yard were some quaint old houses crowded with lodgers 7vide ,no4 #f74 ,from here1 looking back1 one often saw the smoke of the bacon curer's furnaces curling out of the windows of the main building 7as shown in drawing ,no4 #c74 ,the remains of the old ,white ,hart were pulled down in ,july #ahhi1 and hop factors' rooms built on the site1 the yard being very much curtailed4 ,the modern tavern on the south side was closed some time ago4 ,it is now used for the storage of goods4 ,the only trace of its former associations 7,october #aiab7 is a painted board1 still to be seen through one of the windows1 with the following words painted on it3--,,the ,,sam ,,weller 7,social7 ,,club4 7#ad-a_/h #aj-a_/h7 ,d4 #aj-ahif4 #g4 ,the ,tabard ,inn1 ,southwark1 #ahaj 7,water-colour74 ,the ,tabard is perhaps the most famous of all ,southwark inns1 owing to the fact that ,chaucer has selected it as the starting point for his ,canterbury ,pilgrims3-- ,byfel that in that sesoun on a day1 ,in ,southwark at the ,tabard as ,i lay4 ,he even mentions the name of the jovial landlord1 ,henry ,bailly1 a real personage1 who represented ,southwark in the ,parliament held at ,westminster1 ,a4,d4 #acgf4 ,it is recorded that in #acjd the ,abbot and ,convent of ,hyde purchased here from ,william de ,lategareshall two houses1 held of the ,archbishop of ,canterbury4 ,on this site the abbot built himself a town dwelling1 and at the same time probably a hostelry for the convenience of travellers4 ,in #acjg he obtained licence from the ,bishop of ,winchester to build a chapel at or by the inn4 ,in a later deed occur the following words3 ,the ,abbott's lodgeinge was wyninge to the backside of the inn called the ,tabarde and had a garden attached4 ,stow1 in his ,survey1 puts the matter clearly when he says1 ,within this inn was also the lodging of the ,abbot of ,hide 7by the ,city of ,winchester7 a fair house for him and his train1 when he came to that city to parliament4 ,a lease of the ,tabard dated #ast ,april1 #ca ,henry ,,viii41 has been found by ,mr4 ,g4 ,rutter ,fletcher1 ,f4,s4,a41 and was printed1 with notes by the present writer1 in the ,collections of the ,surrey ,archological ,society1 #ahif1 ,vol4 ,,xiii4 ,its chief interest lies in the enumeration of the rooms and their fixtures1 given in the schedule1 which may not unlikely represent the house much as it was in ,chaucer's time4 ,at the dissolution this inn1 with other possessions of ,abbot ,salcote or ,capon1 was surrendered1 and granted by the king to ,thomas and ,john ,master4 ,the sign of the ,tabard 7or sleeveless coat1 like that worn by heralds71 sometimes the ,syrcote1 was used till about the end of the sixteenth century1 when it was little by little changed to ,talbot1 perhaps through fancy or carelessness4 ,aubrey says1 the ignorant landlord or tenant1 instead of the ancient sign of ',the ,tabard1' put up ',the ,talbot1' a species of dog4 ,be this as it may1 in certain ,chancery proceedings of #bgth ,june #aeii1 both names are used4 ,about this time there were large additions to the building4 ,we are told by ,speght in his second edition of ,chaucer 7#afjb7 that3--,whereas through time it has been much decaied1 it is now by ,master ,j4 ,preston1 with the ,abbot's house thereto adjoined1 newly repaired1 and with convenient rooms much increased for the receipt of many guests4 ,in #afgf occurred the great ,southwark fire1 when the ,talbot1 with its backhouses and stables1 c41 was burnt to the ground4 ,it was1 however1 rebuilt on the old plan1 as depicted in drawing ,no4 #g1 and continued to be a picturesque and interesting example of seventeenth century architecture until #ahge-gf1 when the whole was swept away4 ,hop merchants' offices and a modern ,old ,tabard occupy the site4 ,here ,roman objects were found in #aiab4 ,this drawing was copied from one by ,george ,shepherd 7#ahaj7 which is in private hands4 ,it formerly belonged to the late ,mr4 ,r4 ,p4 ,evans1 hop merchant1 who occupied rooms in the ,george ,inn ,yard4 7#g-c_/d #aj-c_/d7 ,d4 #aa-ahif4 #h4 ,the ,george ,inn1 ,southwark1 #ahhd2 also seventeenth century ,trade ,token issued from here 7,black and white74 7#ac #i-c_/d7 ,d4 #ab-ahif4 #i4 ,interior of ,taproom1 ,george ,inn1 #ahhf 7,black and white74 ,the ,george ,inn1 or what is left of it1 stands between the sites of the ,tabard and the ,white ,hart4 ,it seems to have come into existence in the early part of the sixteenth century1 and is mentioned by the name of ,st4 ,george in #aeed2 ,st4 ,george that swinged the ,dragon1 ,and sits on horseback at mine hostess' door4 ,the owner in #aeeh was ,humfrey ,colet or ,collet1 who had been member of ,parliament for ,southwark4 ,in #afcd a return was made that the inn had been built of brick and timber 7no doubt rebuilt7 in #afbb4 ,soon after the middle of that century1 in a book called ,musarum ,delici or the ,muses' ,recreation1 compiled by ,sir ,john ,mennes 7admiral and chief comptroller of the navy71 and ,dr4 ,james ,smith1 appeared some lines upon a surfeit caught by drinking bad sack at the ,george ,tavern in ,southwark4 ,perhaps the landlord mended his ways2 in any case the rent was shortly afterwards #aej a year1 a large sum for those days4 ,two seventeenth-century trade tokens of the house exist2 an illustration of one is given1 which reads thus3-- ,o4--,,anthony ,,blake4 ,,tapster4 ,,ye4 ,,george4 ,,inn4 ,,southwarke ,r4--7,no legend47 ,three tobacco-pipes and four pots4 ,in #afgj1 ,mark ,wayland and ,mary his wife1 held the ,george at a rent of #aej a year4 ,it was then partly burnt down1 and ,wayland rebuilt it4 ,in consequence1 his rent was reduced to #hj1 and a sugar-loaf4 ,in the ,great ,southwark ,fire of #afgf1 the house was totally destroyed1 and was again rebuilt by the tenant1 a further reduction of the rent and an extension of the lease being granted4 ,the present structure dates from this rebuilding4 ,it was a great coaching and carriers' inn2 only a fragment1 but a picturesque one1 now exists1 the rest having been pulled down in #ahhi-ij4 ,the yard is used for the purposes of the ,great ,northern1 the ,great ,central1 and the ,great ,eastern ,railway ,companies4 7#g #aj-a_/b7 ,d4 #ac-ahif4 ,illustration3 ,no4 #aj4 ,,the ,,nag',s ,,head ,,inn ,,yard1 ,,southwark4 #aj4 ,the ,nag's ,head ,inn ,yard1 ,southwark 7,black and white74 ,in the map of ,southwark dating from about #aedb1 this inn is called the ,horse ,hede4 ,in #agbj ,strype says that the buildings are old and sorry with inhabitants answerable4 ,the inn standing in #ahhf1 of which only a small part is shown to the right of the drawing1 looks as if it were built not much more than a hundred years ago1 but it will be seen that the tenements on the same side next the ,high ,street were much older4 ,here ,andrew ,ducrow1 the great equestrian performer1 is said to have been born1 ,may #ab1 #agif4 ,his parents had just arrived from ,germany4 ,george ,colman1 the younger1 in his ,poor ,gentleman1 a comedy produced at ,covent ,garden in #ahja1 makes a farmer say3--,i be come from ,lunnon you see4 ,i warrant ,i smell of smoke1 like the ,nag's ,head chimney in the ,borough4 ,the inn was well spoken of in a little book called the ,epicure's ,almanac1 published in #ahae2 there were balls here sometimes in the earlier half of the last century4 ,the tavern business is no longer carried on1 the yard and premises being in the hands of the ,great ,western ,railway ,company4 ,the building over the entrance to this yard remains1 but all those on the north side1 that is to spectator's right1 including the inn1 disappeared some years ago4 7#i-c_/d #f-c_/d7 ,d4 #ah-ahif4 #aa4 ,remains of the ,king's ,head ,inn1 ,southwark 7,water colour74 7#g-c_/af #aj-a_/b7 ,d4 #ad-ahif4 ,illustration3 ,no4 #ab4 ,,the ,,king',s ,,head ,,inn1 ,,southwark4 #ab4 ,the last of the ,old ,king's ,head 7,water-colour74 ,this inn was originally the ,pope's ,head1 and the name was changed at the time of the ,reformation4 ,in #aecd the ,abbot of ,waverley1 whose town house was not far off1 writes1 apparently on business1 that he will be at the ,pope's ,head in ,southwark4 ,this was the very year of the separation of the ,church of ,england from ,papal headship4 ,eight years afterwards the house is marked in the ,record ,office map as the ,kynge's ,hed4 ,that the two were one and the same is proved by a deed of #aeei1 that belonged to the late ,mr4 ,g4 ,eliot ,hodgkin1 ,f4,s4,a41 whose family at one time possessed the property4 ,this deed is between ,john ,gresham1 uncle of ,sir ,richard and ,lord ,mayor in #aedg1 and ,john ,white1 ,lord ,mayor in #aefc1 on the one side1 and ,thomas ,cure1 a notable inhabitant of ,southwark1 on the other2 and the inn is here described as having been formerly known as the ,pope's ,hed and now as le kynge's hed abutting on the highway called ,longe ,southwarke4 ,in #aehh the house came into the possession of the ,humble family4 ,john ,taylor mentions it as frequented by carriers in #afcg2 ten years afterwards it belonged to ,humble1 ,lord ,ward4 ,a seventeenth-century trade token which was issued from here1 reads thus3-- ,o4--,,at 4 ,,the 4 ,,kings 4 ,,head 4 ,,in ,bust of ,henry ,,viii4 ,r4--,,southwarke 4 ,,grocer ,w4 ,p4 ,the ,king's ,head was one of the inns burnt down in the fire of #afgf1 but was rebuilt immediately afterwards4 ,the last fragment of the structure then erected was pulled down in ,january1 #ahhe4 ,the back of it is shown on the right of drawing ,no4 #c1 as the building actually touched the ,white ,hart ,inn ,yard4 ,mr4 ,john ,timbs1 in his ,curiosities of ,london1 remarks that within his recollection the sign was a well-painted half-length of ,henry ,,viii4 7#ad-a_/h #aj-e_/h7 ,d4 #ae-ahif4 #ac4 ,the ,queen's ,head ,inn1 ,southwark1 #ahhc 7,water-colour74 7#aj-i_/af #g-a_/d7 ,d4 #af-ahif4 #ad4 ,back of the ,queen's ,head from the ,inner ,yard1 #ahhd 7,water-colour74 ,the ,queen's ,head is on the site of a house called the ,crowned or ,cross ,keys1 which belonged to the ,poynings family4 ,in #aebi it was used as an armoury1 or store place for the ,king's harness4 ,in #aeeh it still retained its old sign1 for ,richard ,westray1 ale brewer1 bequeaths to his wife ,joane his messuage on this site1 called the ,cross ,keyes with the brewhouse garden and stable as it is now newly builded by his son ,thomas4 ,in #afcd the house had become the ,queen's ,head1 and the owner was ,john ,harvard1 of ,emmanuel ,college1 ,cambridge1 who afterwards migrated to ,america and gave his name to ,harvard ,university1 ,massachusetts4 ,about this time it was frequented by carriers1 as we learn from ,john ,taylor1 the water-poet4 ,the ,queen's ,head seems to have escaped the fire of #afgf1 perhaps owing to the fact that1 by way of precaution1 a tenement was blown up at the gateway4 ,the main building was pulled down towards the end of #ahie4 ,it was then found to be of half timbered construction1 dating possibly from the time of ,richard ,westray4 ,a carved oak mantelpiece in a room on the first floor appeared to be of the early seventeenth century4 ,the galleried portion of the inn1 also of considerable age1 which had been partly let out in tenements1 though much dilapidated1 was still standing in ,june1 #aijj1 but it was all cleared away before the end of the year4 ,a goods yard for the ,great ,central ,railway was then made1 but at the time of writing this1 though still in use1 was to let4 ,the inner yard was then being built over for the purposes of ,guy's ,hospital4 7#ad #aj-a_/h7 ,d4 #ag-ahif4 #ae4 ,the ,sieve ,public-house1 ,church ,street1 ,minories1 #ahfe 7,black and white74 7#e-c_/h #f-e_/h7 ,d4 #ai-ahif4 #af4 ,back of ,sieve ,public-house1 #ahhe 7,black and white74 7#f #g-c_/d7 ,d4 #bj-ahif4 #ag4 ,taproom of ,sieve and ,trade ,tokens issued from here1 #ahhe 7,black and white74 7#g #aj-i_/af7 ,d4 #ba-ahif4 #ah4 ,chimney-piece in ,taproom of ,sieve1 #ahhe 7,black and white74 ,the ,sieve1 close to ,holy ,trinity ,church1 ,minories1 was one of the oldest public-houses in ,london4 ,underneath1 there were crypt-like cellars1 the material used in their construction being of the nature of chalk4 ,it is possible that originally they had some connection with the adjoining convent of nuns of ,st4 ,clare1 for ,mr4 ,j4 ,t4 ,smith1 who in #agig sketched the remains of the conventual buildings1 then laid bare by a fire1 and published the results in his ,ancient ,topography of ,london1 tells us that their walls were of chalk and ,caen stone4 ,the parish of ,holy ,trinity is all included within the ancient precincts of the convent1 and in the early days of the ,reformation the gates were still kept up4 ,in the parish records1 under date #aeif1 there is mention of the appointment of a vitler to the parish4 ,he was also to have the custody of the keys1 and was to close the gate in the sommer at night at tenne of the clocke1 and in the winter at nyne1 and at noe other hour1 except the necessary and urgent occasions of the inhabitants of the said parish doe require the contrarie4 ,later extracts speak of vestry meetings at the ,sieve2 for instance1 on ,february #ac1 #agje-f1 about agreeing to pull down the churchyard wall1 when matters were facilitated by the expenditure of six shillings on refreshment4 ,a seventeenth-century trade token issued from this house1 of which a drawing is given1 reads thus3-- ,o4--,,richard 4 ,,harris 4 ,,at 4 ,,ye ,,sev a sieve4 ,r4--,,in 4 ,,trinity 4 ,,minories ,,his ,,half ,,peny4 ,r4 ,r4 ,h4 ,it is mentioned among public-houses of note in the ,vade ,mecum for ,malt-worms 7#agae874 ,the sign is a rare one2 in #affi1 however1 there was also a ,sieve in ,aldermanbury1 from which a trade token was issued4 ,in the eighteenth century the ,sieve in the ,minories appears to have been much curtailed1 for in a deed of #agfb it is described as all that messuage or tenement now divided into three1 and an old drawing shows adjoining shops similar in style1 which no doubt originally formed part of it4 ,for many years the house belonged to the ,byng family1 and at last came into the hands of the ,metropolitan ,railway ,company1 by whom it was closed in #ahhf1 but not entirely destroyed until #ahij4 ,the parish of ,holy ,trinity is now annexed to that of ,st4 ,botolph1 ,aldgate4 ,the church1 within a few yards of the old ,sieve1 is a plain little structure1 but has various interesting features and associations1 which have been described in two publications1 by the last vicar1 the late ,rev4 ,samuel ,kinns4 ,the previous incumbent1 the ,rev4 ,e4 ,m4 ,tomlinson1 has also written an interesting book about it4 7#g-a_/h #e-a_/d7 ,d4 #bb-ahif4 #ai4 ,old houses in ,aldgate1 #ahhf 7,black and white74 ,on the south side of ,aldgate ,high ,street a few seventeenth century houses still survive1 chiefly butchers' shops1 to remind us that even in ,strype's time 7#agbj7 they plied their trade here1 because1 as he tells us1 this region lies conveniently for driving and carrying cattle from ,rumford market4 ,one of these shops is shown in the drawing1 and to the right of it the ,hoop and ,grapes tavern1 better known as ,christopher ,hill's4 ,the posts at the door1 handsomely carved1 seem coeval with the house2 and inside there is an archaic board for chalking up the score1 with an inlaid frame4 7#h-ac_/af #g-a_/d7 ,d4 #bc-ahif4 #bj4 ,remains of the ,bull ,inn1 #be1 ,aldgate ,high ,street1 #ahhf 7,black and white74 ,aldgate and ,whitechapel1 being on the high road to ,essex1 had in old days several famous inns2 among others the ,three ,nuns1 the ,crown1 the ,blue ,boar1 and the ,black ,bull4 ,this last1 afterwards known as the ,bull1 is the house a small part of which appears in the drawing4 ,it was at its zenith shortly before the advent of railways1 when ,mrs4 ,anne ,nelson1 coach proprietor1 was the landlady4 ,it has been said that she could make up nearly #bjj beds there1 and she lodged and boarded about three dozen of her guards and coachmen4 ,most of her business was to ,essex and ,suffolk1 but she also owned the ,exeter coach4 ,she must have been landlady on the memorable occasion when ,mr4 ,pickwick arrived in a cab1 after two mile o' danger at eightpence1 and it was through this very archway that he and his companions were driven by the elder ,weller when they started on their adventurous journey to ,ipswich4 ,the house is now wholly destroyed1 and the yard built over4 7#i-g_/h #e-e_/af7 ,d4 #bd-ahif4 #ba4 #e1 #f1 and #g1 ,aldgate ,high ,street1 formerly ,saracen's ,head ,inn1 #ahhg 7,black and white74 ,on the opposite side of the way1 some distance west1 just within the original limits of the ,city1 an old block of buildings is still 7#aiab7 to be seen1 which once formed the original front of another well-known coaching inn--the ,saracen's ,head4 ,the name in #ahhg could be dimly observed on the right-hand house1 beneath the paint4 ,the carved pilasters to the left must have been the work of an artist4 ,the back of the inn was once galleried1 and coaches plied from here to ,norwich as long ago as #afha4 ,in the yard1 at the time of the drawing1 there was still a carriers' booking office1 but that came to an end many years ago4 7#i-c_/d #g-e_/af7 ,d4 #be-ahif4 #bb4 ,almshouses of the ,skinners' ,company1 ,mile ,end ,road1 #ahib 7,sepia74 7#f-ac_/af #aj-i_/af7 ,d4 #bf-ahif4 #bc4 ,almshouses of the ,skinners' ,company1 ,mile ,end ,road1 from the ,garden1 #ahib 7,water-colour74 ,they were immediately west of the famous ,trinity ,hospital1 which was threatened with destruction some years ago4 ,their narrow frontage to the road did not prepare one for the picturesque view within4 ,over the gate were the ,company's arms and two statuettes of cripples4 ,there were also two inscriptions1 one of them setting forth that these almshouses were founded in #afhh during the mastership of ,benjamin ,alexander2 the other ran thus3-- ,,the ,,gift ,,of ,,mr4 ,,lewis ,,newbury4 ,,built ,,by ,,thomas ,,glover ,,esq41 his ,executor1 committed to the management of the ,,company ,,of ,,skinners1 ,,london4 ,the houses1 twelve in number1 were for poor widows4 ,there was a chapel and a garden at the further end4 ,in #ahib the ,skinners' ,company invited tenders for the purchase of the property1 and about two years afterwards the old buildings here represented were swept away4 7#g-c_/af #e-c_/h7 ,d4 #bg-ahif4 #bd4 ,the ,old ,george ,inn1 ,trinity ,square1 #ahij 7,black and white74 ,this was a picturesque building1 but with no special history4 ,a drawing of it in the ,crace collection shows trees in front and a horse-trough4 ,to the gallery1 people may have flocked to see executions on ,tower ,hill1 for instance1 those of the rebel lords in #agdf and '#dg4 ,the house was burnt down early in #ahid4 7#h-e_/h #aa-c_/h7 ,d4 #bh-ahif4 #be4 ,gateways on the east side of ,college ,hill1 #ahia 7,black and white74 ,college ,hill is so named because ,richard ,whittington1 the famous ,mayor of ,london1 here founded a ,college of ,st4 ,spirit and ,st4 ,mary4 ,he was buried in ,st4 ,michael's ,church hard by1 which was destroyed in the ,great ,fire and rebuilt by ,wren4 ,a view of its tower is given in this drawing1 and here in the foreground appear two gateways with sculptured pediments which are quite in the style of the same great architect4 ,it is worthy of remark that on ,college ,hill was the house and courtyard of ,zimri1 the second and last ,duke of ,buckingham of the ,villiers family1 who1 as ,strype tells us1 lived in this street for some time upon a particular humour4 ,hatton in his ,new ,view of ,london1 #agjh1 says that this is a spacious building on the east side of ,college ,hill1 now or late in the possession of ,sir ,john ,lethieullier1 and as regards the position of the house he is followed by ,peter ,cunningham4 ,however1 in ,ogilby and ,morgan's map of #afgg1 and in the map attached to ,strype's edition of ,stow1 the ,duke's dwelling is distinctly shown on the west side of ,college ,hill4 ,at present the gateways shown in the drawing are incorporated in a frontage which in old leases is always called the stable2 they form the means of access to two houses joined together2 that to the south--,no4 #ba1 ,college ,hill1 being a capital specimen of a merchant's dwelling of the early part of the eighteenth century1 with a handsome staircase1 carved over-doors1 and a finely panelled room on the first floor4 ,the other has been rebuilt of late years4 ,they stand back some distance from the street1 and have no special relation with the gateways1 which are older in style4 ,underneath both houses run1 or ran1 very large cellars1 connected1 and within memory there was a small garden at the back of ,no4 #ba4 ,in #agdf this house belonged to ,charles ,lethieullier1 and was then tenanted by ,sir ,samuel ,pennant1 the previous occupant having been ,sir ,robert ,godschall4 ,the house afterwards passed by marriage to the ,hulses2 for many years it has been in the hands of the ,wilde family1 which has produced two eminent judges--,lord ,truro and ,lord ,penzance4 ,taking into consideration the fact of the property having belonged to the ,lethieullier family1 from its ground plan1 and from the style of the gateways themselves and of the building to which they belong1 it seems not improbable that here were the stables of ,buckingham ,house with a garden at the back4 ,the house between the gateways and the church was built for the ,mercers' ,school1 being opened by the ,master and ,wardens1 ,june #fth1 #ahcb1 and is said to occupy the site of ,whittington's dwelling4 ,the school has of late years1 in its turn1 been removed to ,barnard's ,inn1 of which there are drawings in this collection4 ,the school building on ,college ,hill at the time of writing remains4 7#aa-a_/d #g-aa_/af7 ,d4 #cj-ahif4 #bf4 ,staircase of ,house in ,botolph ,lane1 #ahhg 7,black and white74 ,this house stood in a quiet courtyard opening into ,botolph ,lane with a second entrance in ,love ,lane1 and had been used since #ahei for the ,billingsgate and ,tower ,ward ,school4 ,the front1 plain but well proportioned1 was built of remarkably small bricks with stone facings4 ,it had a projecting cornice and flat lead-covered roof4 ,the doorway was approached by a double flight of steps1 beneath which an opening had been left1 once used as a dog kennel1 to judge from the little hollow for water scooped out in front4 ,entering a hall which extended right through the house and was paved with alternate chequers of black and white marble1 one saw in front a handsome staircase1 part of which is shown2 the date #afgj appeared on the plaster4 ,upstairs1 the structure had been mutilated1 the greater part of the landings on the first and second floors being latterly included in the schoolrooms1 but a marble chimney-piece1 fine cornices and plaster-work1 evinced the taste of former possessors4 ,perhaps the most interesting part of the house was a small room immediately to the left of the main entrance4 ,it was panelled throughout1 and painted from ceiling to floor with strange designs1 among which one could dimly discern the figures of ,indians1 a rhinoceros1 antelopes1 palm trees1 and other signs of tropical life as it represented itself to the imagination or memory of the artist4 ,according to some1 the history of the tobacco plant was here depicted1 but of this there was no sign4 ,fortunately we know the name of the painter of this curious series of pictures1 one of the panels being signed ,r4 ,robinson1 #afif4 ,the other decorations of the room were a carved mantelpiece and a panelled cupboard4 ,the house is charmingly described in the late ,mrs4 ,riddell's novel ,mitre ,court1 and she made it the home of her heroine4 ,there is1 however1 no authority for her statement that ,sir ,christopher ,wren was its architect and first inhabitant4 ,this interesting old building was pulled down in #aije-f1 although great efforts were made to induce its owners to preserve it4 7#aa-i_/af #i-e_/h7 ,d4 #bi-ahif4 #bg4 ,staircase of ,no4 #i1 ,great ,st4 ,helen's1 #ahia 7,black and white74 ,during the early part of the year #ahib a large mansion was destroyed on the south side of ,great ,st4 ,helen's1 ,bishopsgate ,street4 ,latterly divided into two1 being numbered #h and #i1 it was of brick1 having engaged pilasters1 which were furnished with stone bases and capitals4 ,they also had bands1 on two of which appeared in relief the initials ,l_/,,ai and the date #afdf4 ,the projecting sills or cornices and the deep keystones on the first floor windows gave a striking appearance to the house4 ,it was also memorable as an early specimen of brickwork in ,london1 and as dating from a period before the formal conclusion of the ,civil ,war1 when building operations were almost at a standstill4 ,no4 #i had1 in a room on the first floor1 a wooden seventeenth century mantelpiece1 behind which1 on its removal1 were found traces of an older mantelpiece of marble1 and evidence of the former existence of a large open fireplace4 ,the beautiful staircase1 or portion of a staircase1 now in the ,victoria and ,albert ,museum1 of which a slight drawing is here given1 may from its style be ,elizabethan4 ,a blocked-up window with wooden transoms for casements was also discovered2 so it seems likely that1 some years after the date of the original building1 considerable alterations took place4 ,the faade has been attributed to ,inigo ,jones1 but it had not his classic symmetry1 and looked like the work of a less instructed native genius4 ,besides ,inigo ,jones1 a ,royalist and ,roman ,catholic1 was taken prisoner in ,october1 #afde1 at the storming of ,basing ,house1 having been there during the siege1 which had lasted since ,august1 #afdc4 ,he was apparently not free to return to his profession until ,july #bnd1 #afdf1 when1 after payment of a heavy fine1 his estate1 which had been sequestrated1 was restored to him1 and he received pardon by an ordinance of the ,house of ,commons4 ,it is hard to believe that whilst he was passing through such a crisis1 or in the few months succeeding it1 he would have been superintending a work in the ,puritan ,city4 ,at the time of his release the great architect was seventy-four years of age1 and1 as far as we know1 he hardly practised his profession afterwards4 ,the division of ,nos4 #h and #i1 ,great ,st4 ,helen's1 into two1 took place in the course of the #ahth century2 probably about #agej1 to judge from the style of the fanlights and projecting hoods to the front doors1 and from the staircase of ,no4 #h1 the upper portion of which1 however1 was much more archaic1 and might have served as part of the back-staircase to the original building4 ,the initials on this house have generally been considered to relate to ,sir ,john ,lawrence1 who was ,lord ,mayor in the year of the ,great ,plague1 and to ,abigail1 his wife1 but they were really those of his uncle and aunt--,adam and ,judith ,lawrence1 who were of ,flemish or ,dutch origin4 ,from the former1 ,sir ,john inherited this house with other property in the parish4 ,it does not1 however1 appear that he ever lived there4 ,he kept his mayoralty in a house of totally different appearance1 an illustration of which by ,t4 ,prattent1 published in #agif1 forms the frontispiece to ,vol4 ,,xxix4 of the ,european ,magazine4 ,as there shown1 it had elaborate plaster decorations in front with the ,city arms and the arms of ,lawrence1 and last1 not least1 with the inscription ,sr ,j ,l--,k ,a4 #affb4 ,that undoubted residence of ,sir ,john ,lawrence is marked by name in the map of ,bishopsgate ,street ,ward accompanying ,strype's edition of ,stow's ,survey1 where a slight sketch of it is also given4 ,the present ,jewish synagogue in ,great ,st4 ,helen's is rather west of the site4 7#f-g_/h #c-c_/d7 ,d4 #cd-ahif4 ,illustration3 ,no4 #bh4 ,,entrance ,,to ,,great ,,st4 ,,helen',s4 #bh4 ,entrance to ,great ,st4 ,helen's from ,bishopsgate ,street1 #ahia 7,black and white74 ,when this view was taken1 the passage from ,bishopsgate ,street to ,great ,st4 ,helen's passed under old buildings which had escaped the ,great ,fire4 ,the structure on spectator's right was ,sir ,andrew ,judd's almshouse1 founded by him in #aeea1 and rebuilt by the ,skinners' ,company in #agbi4 ,sir ,andrew1 who was ,lord ,mayor and belonged to the ,skinners' ,company1 seems1 in this benefaction1 to have been merely acting as executor to his cousin ,elizabeth1 widow of ,sir ,william ,hollis4 ,stow1 however1 does not mention her name in connection with the charity4 ,sir ,andrew also founded and endowed ,tunbridge ,grammar ,school4 ,the almshouse was destroyed about the year #ahib1 and the old buildings by ,bishopsgate ,street did not long survive4 ,the building on spectator's left was the modern part of ,crosby ,hall1 swept away in #aijg-h4 7#aa-a_/b #h-c_/af7 ,d4 #ce-ahif4 #bi4 ,no4 #aj1 ,great ,st4 ,helen's1 #ahia 7,black and white74 ,at the corner of ,great ,st4 ,helen's1 opposite the pretty south porch of the church1 by some attributed to ,inigo ,jones1 which has on it the date #afcc1 stood a quaint old house constructed of wood and plaster1 with projecting upper stories and massive timbering1 which dated from long before the ,great ,fire1 and at the time of this sketch was1 perhaps1 the oldest domestic building in the ,city except ,crosby ,hall2 the inside1 however1 had been modernised4 ,tradition boldly asserts that ,anne ,boleyn's father1 ,sir ,thomas1 afterwards ,viscount ,rochford and ,earl of ,wiltshire1 once lived here4 ,it is an undoubted fact that a kinsman of his name1 was intimately connected with ,st4 ,helen's1 for on the #bdth ,december1 #bfth ,hen4 ,,viii41 #aecd1 the ,prioress and ,convent appointed ,sir ,james ,bolleyne1 ,knt41 to be steward of their lands and tenements in ,london and elsewhere1 the duties to be performed either by himself or a sufficient deputy during the life of the said ,james1 at a stipend of forty shillings a year1 payable at ,christmas4 ,if in arrear for six weeks the said ,james might enter and distrain4 ,this was most likely ,sir ,thomas ,boleyn's elder brother4 ,the house1 ,no4 #aj1 had been much shaken by the removal of ,nos4 #h and #i adjoining4 ,it was propped up for some time1 and destroyed in the course of #ahid4 7#ab-e_/af #e-e_/af7 ,d4 #cc-ahif4 #cj4 ,old ,houses1 ,great ,st4 ,helen's1 ,bishopsgate ,street1 #ahfb 7,black and white74 ,this drawing was made from the passage between ,bishopsgate ,street and ,st4 ,helen's1 the view being the reverse of ,no4 #bh4 ,the strip of building to the extreme right belonged to the modern part of ,crosby ,hall1 a ,gothic mansion unrivalled in its day2 but its entrance--,no4 #a1 ,st4 ,helen's1 is not shown1 nor is ,no4 #b--;a well-proportioned house with a pretty doorway1 dating from the earlier part of the eighteenth century which has also disappeared4 ,the three plastered houses adjoining were pulled down many years ago4 ,the high brick house immediately to their left has so far been spared1 and deserves a visit for the sake of its good ,georgian staircase4 ,part of ,nos4 #h and #i1 already described1 is dimly seen through the trees on the left4 ,no4 #aj is not visible1 being chiefly round the corner1 in the lane leading to ,st4 ,mary ,axe4 ,there was a right of way through here for the public from quite early times2 for ,dugdale tells us that in the ,hundred ,roll of #crd ,edward ,i4 several entries occur relating to an attempt which the nuns made to stop up the lane or passage through the court of their priory from ,bishopsgate ,street to ,st4 ,mary ,axe4 ,since #ahfb a large piece has been taken from the churchyard1 with no apparent advantage to the public4 7#h-g_/af #f-e_/h7 ,d4 #hi-ahif4 #ca4 ,crosby ,hall ,chambers1 ,bishopsgate ,street1 #ahia 7,prout's brown74 7#g-g_/af #d-c_/h7 ,d4 #hg-ahif4 #cb4 ,mantelpiece in ,crosby ,hall ,chambers1 ,bishopsgate ,street1 #ahia 7,pen and ink74 ,at ,no4 #be1 ,bishopsgate ,street ,within1 until #ahib-ic1 a house was standing which had been known for years as ,crosby ,hall ,chambers4 ,the front towards the street had no marks of antiquity except two carved festoons of flowers much blocked up by paint1 between the first floor windows4 ,the north side1 as seen from a passage which is here depicted1 appeared to be externally more or less in its original state4 ,its base was composed of rustic work1 the wall being relieved by pilasters4 ,there was a room on the first floor looking out on this passage1 which was adorned by a very beautiful carved chimney-piece shown in the second drawing1 and now in the ,board room of the ,bank of ,scotland1 which stands on the site4 ,it bears the date #afcc2 the lower part is of stone1 the overmantel of oak4 ,students of work of this period should compare it with a somewhat earlier chimney-piece now in the ,guildhall ,museum1 which was removed from an old mansion in ,lime ,street now many years ago4 ,there was also at ,crosby ,hall ,chambers a fragment of decorative plaster ceiling4 ,this was acquired by the authorities of the ,victoria and ,albert ,museum4 ,they also have a cast of the chimney-piece4 7#aa #i-g_/af7 ,d4 #ca-ahif4 #cc4 ,garden of ,no4 #d1 ,crosby ,square1 #ahia 7,black and white74 ,crosby ,square1 built about the year #afgh1 is on the site of the offices of ,crosby ,hall1 which had been destroyed by fire4 ,no4 #c was formerly a good specimen of a house of that date4 ,it has been recased with brick1 but the handsome doorway is preserved4 ,no4 #d has a fine staircase2 its chief distinction1 however1 was the charming garden at the back1 with its fig trees1 its thorns1 and fountain--a veritable oasis in this wilderness of bricks and mortar4 ,unfortunately1 soon after the removal of ,crosby ,hall1 it was destroyed1 and the garden built upon4 ,the south wall of this was medival1 being composed of good rubble1 #c feet thick1 and extending from the present ground level to a depth of #ad feet of made earth4 ,it was part of the original boundary wall of the ,crosby precinct4 ,dr4 ,nathan ,adler1 ,chief ,rabbi1 lived here for some years1 from #ahdg onwards2 the garden and basin are marked distinctly in ,strype's map of #agbj4 7#g #aj-c_/d7 ,d4 #cb-ahif4 #cd4 ,sir ,paul ,pindar's ,house1 ,no4 #afi1 ,bishopsgate ,street ,without1 #ahij 7,black and white74 ,in #ahij-ia the ,great ,eastern ,railway ,company cleared a great space near the ,liverpool ,street terminus1 which involved the removal of the remains of ,sir ,paul ,pindar's house1 a beautiful work of art and a unique relic of a great city residence at the beginning of the seventeenth century4 ,the oak front1 with its elaborate carved work1 is now to be seen in the ,museum 7,west ,hall1 ,r4 #dh74 ,one is thankful that it exists1 but of course it was far more interesting while still in its original position4 ,the decorated plaster ceiling from the first floor is also in the ,museum4 ,there is a view of the room which contained this ceiling1 drawn by ,j4 ,t4 ,smith in #ahaj1 which also shows a fine though somewhat grotesque chimney-piece1 having on it the date #afjj4 ,with other decorative work1 it was removed early in the last century1 when the room was made what the possessors called a little comfortable4 ,doubtless the original mansion included the adjoining house1 or its site1 and much more besides4 ,this latter house to the left or south1 destroyed about the year #ahgg1 contained a good plaster ceiling of more modern style than that already referred to2 it is also now in the ,museum4 ,there must have been gardens at the back1 and a building1 with handsome decoration1 called the ,lodge1 which formerly stood in ,half ,moon ,street1 and is figured in ,wilkinson's ,londina ,illustrata1 was said by tradition to have been occupied by the gardener4 ,sir ,paul ,pindar was an eminent merchant and diplomatist1 who lent great sums of money to ,charles ,i41 and gave at least #aj1jjj for the rebuilding and embellishment of old ,st4 ,paul's ,cathedral4 ,a tablet to his memory was formerly on the north side of the chancel of ,st4 ,botolph's ,church1 ,bishopsgate ,street1 but of late years it has been banished to an obscure corner in the north vestibule4 ,the inscription runs as follows3-- ,sir ,paul ,pindar ,kt ,her ,majesty's embassador to the ,turkish ,emperor ,anno ,,dm #afaa and #i years resident ,faithful in negotiations foreign and domestick ,eminent for piety charity loyalty and prudence ,an inhabitant #bf years and a bountiful benefactor ,to this ,parish ,he dyed the #bb;d ,august #afej ,aged #hd years4 ,from #aghg or earlier the main portion of ,pindar's house1 here depicted1 was used as a tavern4 7#aj-a_/d #g7 ,d4 #cf-ahif4 #ce4 ,the ,one ,swan ,inn1 ,bishopsgate ,street ,without1 #ahij 7,black and white74 ,another house destroyed by the ,great ,eastern ,railway ,company1 about the same time as that last described1 was the ,one ,swan ,inn1 ,bishopsgate ,street ,without4 ,it had no special history1 but was an old place of call for carriers and waggons1 and survived its companions1 the ,two ,swans hard by1 and the better-known ,four ,swans1 ,bishopsgate ,street ,within1 the site of which is now marked by a modern tavern4 ,the yard of the ,one ,swan ,inn was of considerable size4 ,a picturesque wool warehouse had stood on the vacant space shown in the sketch1 to the left-hand side4 ,this latter building had been destroyed in #ahhf4 7#i-c_/h #e-c_/h7 ,d4 #cg-ahif4 #cf4 ,staircase of ,no4 #aj1 ,austin ,friars1 #ahie 7,water-colour74 ,early in #ahif the interesting house1 ,no4 #aj1 ceased to be4 ,it was in the precinct of ,austin ,friars1 on the north side of the ,old ,friars' ,church1 the nave of which has for centuries been handed over to the ,dutch congregation in ,london4 ,as appeared from a date on a rain-pipe1 it had been in existence at least as early as the year #agjd4 ,the porch was approached by steps2 ascending these1 one saw in front a spacious staircase1 so typical of the period that it is here portrayed4 ,this staircase was panelled throughout1 and was especially noticeable from its ceiling1 which was painted on plaster with allegorical figures1 in the style of ,sir ,james ,thornhill4 ,the house ,no4 #aa formed part of the same block of buildings4 ,while these were in process of destruction a ,gothic arch was exposed to view1 the upper part of which had been in a room on the ground floor of ,no4 #aj1 incorporated in the east wall of the house4 ,from the character of the mouldings it appeared to date from the fifteenth century1 and had no doubt belonged to the cloisters of the ,augustine ,friars4 ,other medival remains were found1 and a paper on the subject was read by ,mr4 ,allen ,s4 ,walker1 before the ,london and ,middlesex ,archological ,society4 7#i-g_/h #g-c_/h7 ,d4 #gg-ahif4 #cg4 ,arms of the ,olmius ,family on ,mantelpiece at ,no4 #ba1 ,austin ,friars1 #ahhh 7,black and white74 ,the house to which these arms belonged had been built in the latter part of the seventeenth century1 possibly before the great fire1 which did not extend so far north4 ,in the year #agje it came into the hands of ,herman ,olmius1 merchant1 descended from an ancient family of ,arlon in the ,duchy of ,luxembourg1 and naturalised by ,act of ,parliament1 #bi ,charles ,,ii4 ,he was a member of the ,french ,protestant ,church in ,threadneedle ,street1 and made a large fortune2 he died in #agah4 ,his eldest son was a deputy-governor of the ,bank of ,england1 and his grandson was raised to the ,irish peerage as ,lord ,waltham1 but the title became extinct in the next generation4 ,for many years1 beginning in #aghc1 the well-known ,huguenot family of ,minet occupied the house1 and in #ahch ,messrs4 ,thomas1 ,son ,lefevre were established here1 the last-named being a brother of the late ,lord ,eversley4 ,this house1 a drawing of which the writer hopes at some future time to add to the collection1 was remarkable as having come down to us in almost unchanged condition from its earliest time4 ,to the west it formerly overlooked the ,drapers' ,garden1 and it had a garden of its own about half an acre in extent1 with brewery1 coach-house1 and stables4 ,inside1 there was a good staircase1 some of the rooms were charmingly panelled1 a strong room and parts of the kitchen were lined with ,dutch tiles1 and in front of a ,purbeck marble mantelpiece there was a coat of arms in white marble 7,no4 #cg71 with various foreign quarterings4 ,it may be described as follows3-- ,quarterly3 #a4 ,per fess azure and argent1 a fess counter embattled or2 in chief a mullet of six points of the second2 in base on a mount vert an elm tree proper4 ,,olmius4 #b4 ,sable1 a dexter hand proper1 issuing out of a cloud and grasping five wheat ears or4 ,,gerverdine4 #c4 ,in chief a deer's head couped azure1 crowned argent2 in base six besants or4 ,,reynstein4 #d4 ,azure1 a goat erect argent1 hoofed and horned or1 browsing on a vine proper4 ,,cappr4 ,on an escutcheon of pretence sable1 a herring or in bend4 ,,drigue4 ,these are the arms of ,herman ,olmius1 whose name was the ,latinised form of the ,flemish or ,dutch word for elm4 ,the ,gerverdine arms are those of his mother ,margareta2 the arms on the escutcheon of pretence are those of his wife ,judith4 ,no4 #ba1 ,austin ,friars was swept away in #ahhh4 ,the boundary at the end of its garden had been formed by one side of the premises known as ,no4 #bc1 ,great ,winchester ,street1 to which allusion will next be made4 7#d-c_/d #d-a_/d7 ,d4 #ch-ahif4 #ch4 ,kitchen ,range in ,no4 #bc1 ,great ,winchester ,street1 #ahhi 7,black and white74 7#aj #ab-a_/b7 ,d4 #dj-ahif4 #ci4 ,chief ,reception ,room1 ,no4 #bc1 ,great ,winchester ,street1 #ahhi 7,black and white74 ,the fine old mansion in which these drawings were done stood back from the street1 and was approached through a paved yard with a lodge on each side of the entrance4 ,outside1 its chief characteristics were a somewhat high pitched roof1 and wings projecting forward4 ,within1 the staircase with its plaster decorations1 was handsome4 ,the well-proportioned room of which a drawing is here given 7,no4 #ci7 was on the first floor4 ,there were other panelled apartments1 and the kitchen range 7,no4 #ch7 was very old-fashioned4 ,after the dissolution1 the house and gardens of the ,augustine ,friars had passed into the hands of ,william ,paulet1 first ,marquis of ,winchester1 hence the name ,winchester ,street4 ,from a date carved on a grotesque bracket1 formerly to be seen at the north-east corner1 it appears that the street was constructed1 partly at least1 in the year #afef1 during the government of ,cromwell4 ,strype1 writing in #agbj1 says that here was a great messuage called the ,spanish ,ambassador's house1 of late inhabited by ,sir ,john ,houblon1 ,knight and ,alderman1 and other fair houses4 ,even down to our time it was a remarkably picturesque specimen of a ,london street4 ,no4 #bc1 ,great ,winchester ,street was destroyed in #ahij4 7#aj-a_/h #ab-a_/b7 ,d4 #ci-ahif4 #dj4 ,the ,city ,greenyard1 ,no4 #ah1 ,whitecross ,street1 #ahie 7,black and white74 ,this was formerly the place to which stray horses or cattle found in the ,city were taken for safe custody4 ,it is stated in an ,act of ,parliament1 ,may1 #agfe1 that ,the ,commissioners appointed to remove nuisances may seize the waggon1 cart1 dray1 or other carriage so placed1 together with the horse or horses1 etc41 etc41 and to remove the same to the ,common ,pound of the ,city1 commonly called the ,greenyard4 ,here are now 7and have been for many years7 the ,lord ,mayor's stables1 his wonderful ,state coach1 and the carriage he uses on ordinary occasions1 which is shown in the illustration2 the figure of the ,lord ,mayor's coachman may also be seen standing in a doorway4 ,between the open space and ,whitecross ,street were the ,gresham almshouses1 removed to ,brixton in #ahhc4 ,they had been originally at the back of old ,gresham ,college1 between ,broad ,street and ,bishopsgate ,street4 ,the almshouses in ,whitecross ,street were1 after #ahhc1 for a time utilised as quarters for married men in the ,city ,police4 7#h-a_/h #aa-g_/af7 ,d4 #gh-ahif4 #da4 ,bunyan's ,monument1 ,bunhill ,fields1 #ahid 7,black and white74 ,bunhill ,fields ,burial ,ground in the ,city ,road1 near ,finsbury ,square1 described by ,southey as the ,campo ,santo of the ,dissenters1 was one of the three great fields1 namely ,bonhill ,field1 ,mallow ,field1 and the ,high ,field or ,meadow ,ground1 where the three windmills stand1 commonly called ',finsbury ,field4' ,as early as the year #acae it seems to have been let to the ,city authorities1 and in #aeec a lease was granted to the ,corporation of this with other land1 being a part of the church property of the ,dean and ,chapter of ,st4 ,paul's1 and the lease was again and again renewed4 ,in #affa the ground was underlet to a person of the name of ,tindal for fifty-one years4 ,in the deed it is described as meadow land1 and the citizens are to be allowed to use it for purposes of recreation4 ,up to that date1 therefore1 it does not appear to have become a burial ground2 but it was probably set apart for the burial of victims of the ,great ,plague1 although not so used4 ,it is a mistake to connect it with the ,great ,pit in ,finsbury mentioned by ,defoe in his ,memoirs of the ,plague1 which was situated near the upper end of ,goswell ,street4 ,however1 about this time ,tindal turned it into a burial ground4 ,for many years called by his name1 it was adopted as their place of interment by several ,dissenting sects1 and from #affe to #aheb1 when all ,city cemeteries were closed1 no fewer than #abc1jjj burials took place here4 ,for some years after this the place was neglected1 but in #ahfg-fh it was put in order and opened to the public ,october #adth1 #ahfi4 ,in ,bunhill ,fields there are now about six thousand tombs2 a record of them is kept in the ,surveyor's ,office1 ,guildhall4 ,among eminent persons here buried are ,general ,charles ,fleetwood 7,cromwell's son-in-law71 ,defoe1 ,susannah ,wesley1 mother of ,john and of ,charles1 ,dr4 ,isaac ,watts1 ,joseph ,ritson1 the antiquary1 ,william ,blake1 painter and poet1 ,thomas ,stothard1 ,r4,a4 ,but perhaps the most widely known is ,john ,bunyan1 who wrote ,the ,pilgrim's ,progress4 ,he died at the house of his friend1 ,mr4 ,strudwick1 a grocer at the ,star on ,snow ,hill1 and was buried in that friend's vault4 ,the monument was restored by public subscription1 under the presidency of the ,earl of ,shaftesbury in #ahfb2 a drawing of it is here given4 7#f-a_/b #h-a_/h7 ,d4 #gi-ahif4 #db4 ,chimneypiece and part of room in ,no4 #d1 ,coleman ,street1 #ahib 7,water-colour74 ,until a few years ago a house was standing on the west side of ,coleman ,street1 near the north end1 which1 like houses innumerable1 was reputed to have been a residence of ,oliver ,cromwell2 at first sight it appeared to date from the earlier part of the eighteenth century4 ,there was in it a good eighteenth century staircase with a skylight above1 and one of the rooms had a handsome mantelpiece1 also apparently ,georgian4 ,another room1 on the first floor1 was distinguished by very remarkable features3 it was panelled with cedar1 and1 as will be seen1 the style of this panelling and of the handsome carved chimneypiece are distinctly ,jacobean4 ,the house1 therefore1 was much older than appeared at first sight1 or else it had been rebuilt early in the eighteenth century1 the chimneypiece and panelling being insertions from an older building4 ,the houses at the north end of ,coleman ,street were not destroyed in the ,great ,fire4 ,in #ahia-ib the cedar room was used as an office by ,mr4 ,h4 ,s4 ,foster1 then ,sheriff of ,london4 ,in #ahif the house was pulled down by ,messrs4 ,colls and ,son1 whose offices adjoined1 and in clearing away the foundations the workmen came upon three ancient wells--two of them went down #bj ft4 below the pavement level4 ,the following is quoted from an illustrated article in the ,city ,press for ,june #fth1 #ahif3--,the construction of these wells or elongated water-butts was simplicity itself4 ,tubs or casks1 bound with wooden hoops1 were sunk into the ground and banked up with puddled clay to keep them water-tight4 ,the clay remains to this day1 as also do the wooden hoops 7or did till very recently71 but the latter are as soft as touchwood4 ,the description of these casks reminds one of casks somewhat similar which have been found in ,roman wells at ,silchester1 and were exhibited in the rooms of the ,society of ,antiquaries at ,burlington ,house4 ,in the wells beneath ,no4 #d1 ,coleman ,street1 were discovered various pieces of pottery in remarkably good preservation1 which are now in the ,guildhall4 ,the collection represents types ranging from the beginning of the fifteenth to the end of the seventeenth century4 ,the soil in which these old wells were sunk was dark and peaty1 like that of ,moorfields1 on the other side of the ,city ,wall4 7#ab #i-ac_/af7 ,d4 #hd-ahif4 #dc4 ,interior of ,the ,two ,brewers ,public-house1 ,no4 #bg1 ,london ,wall1 #ahhf 7,black and white74 ,the ,two ,brewers ,public-house1 at the entrance to ,fox and ,goose ,yard1 ,london ,wall1 destroyed a few weeks after the completion of this drawing1 was evidently a very old building4 ,the sign was in former days a common one1 being usually represented by two brewers' men carrying a barrel of beer slung between them on a pole4 ,it is curious that a sign of a similar description was used by the ,romans2 one representing two men carrying between them an amphora was found at ,pompeii4 ,it is figured in ,larwood and ,hotten's ,history of ,signboards1 that of the ,two ,brewers being placed alongside for comparison4 7#g #i7 ,d4 #da-ahif4 #dd4 ,part of the ,chapter ,coffee ,house1 from ,paul's ,alley1 #ahhg 7,black and white74 ,the ,chapter ,coffee ,house in ,paternoster ,row 7,no4 #ej7 and also opening into ,paul's ,alley1 a passage from ,st4 ,paul's ,churchyard1 was noted in the #ahth century as a house of call for ,london publishers4 ,in the ,connoisseur1 ,no4 #a1 ,january #cast1 #aged1 is the following notice of it3--,and here my publisher would not forgive me was ,i to leave the neighbourhood without taking notice of the ,chapter ,coffee ,house1 which is frequented by those encouragers of literature1 and1 as they are styled by an eminent critic--'not the worst judges of merit'--the booksellers4 ,the conversation here naturally turns upon the newest publications1 but their criticisms are somewhat singular4 ,when they say a good book they do not mean to praise the style or sentiment1 but the quick and extensive sale of it4 ,late in the #ahth century and early in the #aith1 several clubs met here1 of which an account is given in the ,curiosities of ,london1 by ,john ,timbs4 ,goldsmith appears to have known it well4 ,chatterton says1 in a letter to his mother1 ,i am quite familiar at the ,chapter ,coffee ,house4 ,and here ,charlotte and ,anne ,bront stayed on their first visit to ,london in ,june1 #ahdh4 ,it had been visited by their father1 and thus they gained their knowledge of it4 ,the late ,mr4 ,george ,smith1 the famous publisher1 remembered calling on them there1 and ,mrs4 ,gaskell gives a graphic description of the low ceilings1 the wainscotted rooms1 and the high narrow windows4 ,after the death of the proprietor1 ,charles ,faithfull1 in ,november1 #ahec1 the house became an ordinary tavern2 it was rebuilt before #ahij1 there are now no rooms over the passage4 ,from the ,chapter ,coffee ,house were issued in the seventeenth century two leathern trade tokens1 specimens of which are preserved in the ,beaufoy ,collection at the ,guildhall ,museum4 ,the larger one1 representing a groat1 has on it3-- ,o4--,,chapter ,,coffee ,,house 7#d7--;,in the field1 a mitre4 ,r4--,blank4 ,the leather appears to have been gilded4 7#h-c_/d #d-a_/d7 ,d4 #dd-ahif4 #de4 ,royal ,mail ,tavern1 from ,fitchett's ,court1 ,noble ,street1 #ahhi 7,black and white74 ,this house1 on the south side of ,noble ,street1 from the style of the brickwork must have been built in the early part of the eighteenth century1 but little is known of its history4 ,the sign was comparatively modern1 suggested1 no doubt1 by the proximity of the ,general ,post ,office1 which was moved from ,lombard ,street to ,st4 ,martin's-le-,grand in #ahbi4 ,the ,royal ,mail ,tavern was destroyed in ,may1 #ahig4 7#h-c_/d #e-c_/h7 ,d4 #db-ahif4 #df4 ,reminiscence of the ,oxford ,arms1 ,warwick ,lane1 #ahge 7,water-colour74 ,the structure1 of which a small part is here shown1 was approached by a passage from ,warwick ,lane1 being bounded on the west by the old wall of the cathedral precinct and touching ,amen ,corner on the south4 ,it was a fine example of its kind4 ,as was said by a writer in the ,athenum of ,may #bjth1 #ahgf3--;,despite the confusion1 the dirt1 and the decay1 he who stands in the yard of this ancient inn may get an excellent idea of what it was like in the days of its prosperity1 when not only travellers in coach or saddle rode into or out of the yard1 but poor players and mountebanks set up their stage for the entertainment of spectators who hung over the galleries or looked on from their rooms--a name by which the boxes of a theatre were first known4 ,the house must have been rebuilt after the ,great ,fire1 which raged over all this area4 ,that it existed before1 is proved by the following odd advertisement from the ,london ,gazette for ,march1 #afgb-gc3--,these are to give notice that ,edward ,bartlet1 ,oxford ,carrier1 hath removed his ,inn in ,london from the ,swan at ,holborn ,bridge to the ,oxford ,arms in ,warwick ,lane1 where he did ,inn before the ,fire4 ,his coaches and waggons going forth on their usual days1 ,mondays1 ,wednesdays and ,fridays4 ,he hath also a hearse and all things convenient to carry a corps to any part of ,england4 ,in the palmy days of coaching1 just before the advent of the railways1 the ,oxford ,arms was in the hands of ,mr4 ,edward ,sherman1 who carried on the chief coaching business at the ,bull and ,mouth1 ,st4 ,martin's-le-,grand4 ,after #ahfh many of the rooms were let out in tenements1 but the inn still did a good carriers' business1 carts leaving daily for ,oxford and other places4 ,it was closed in #ahge and pulled down in the following year4 ,views of this house formed the first of a series issued by the ,society for ,photographing ,relics of ,old ,london4 ,the late ,mr4 ,alfred ,marks1 the accomplished secretary1 wrote useful accompanying notes4 ,another old galleried house1 which long lingered on the east side of ,warwick ,lane1 was the ,bell ,inn1 where ,archbishop ,leighton died in #afhd4 ,as ,burnet tells us1 he had often said that if he were to choose a place to die in it should be an ,inn2 it looked like a pilgrim's going-home1 to whom this world was all as an ,inn1 and who was weary of the noise and confusion in it4 ,thus his desire was fulfilled4 7#aj-i_/af #g-a_/d7 ,d4 #dc-ahif4 #dg4 ,deanery of ,st4 ,paul's1 #ahia 7,black and white74 ,this house was built by ,wren1 after the ,great ,fire1 on the site of the former ,deanery1 but shorn of the chief part of its garden stretching down to the river1 which was portioned off in building leases to defray the cost of the new structure4 ,in our drawing the high gates almost concealed the porch1 which is ornamented with carved festoons of flowers4 ,there is also a handsome staircase4 ,many years ago rooks used to build in the plane-trees in front4 ,the drawing was taken from the steps of ,no4 #e ,dean's ,court1 now destroyed1 where was the ,vicar-,general's ,office for ,marriage ,licences4 7#h-a_/d #aj-g_/h7 ,d4 #de-ahif4 #dh4 ,dean's ,court1 ,st4 ,paul's ,churchyard1 #ahid 7,water-colour74 ,the ,deanery stands in ,dean's ,court1 and the wall enclosing it is here shown on the left1 the artist's standpoint being very close to that in ,no4 #dg4 ,in #ahid great changes took place at this spot1 which had before been singularly quiet and old-fashioned4 ,the entrance from ,st4 ,paul's ,churchyard was1 before1 through an archway1 under a house dating from immediately after the ,great ,fire1 which was said traditionally to have been used by ,wren as an office during the rebuilding of ,st4 ,paul's4 ,this house appears in course of demolition1 while the ground on the right lies vacant1 and we are thus enabled to have a glimpse of the cathedral1 soon afterwards again quite concealed4 ,the buildings to the east1 facing ,st4 ,paul's ,churchyard1 together with the ,vicar-,general's office and other houses on the same side of ,dean's ,court1 were cleared away to enable ,messrs4 ,pawson and ,co4 to extend their warehouses1 the ,ecclesiastical ,commissioners having granted them a building lease for that purpose4 ,dean's ,court did not actually form part of the precincts of ,doctors' ,commons 7finally cleared away in #ahfg71 but was associated with it and in its immediate neighbourhood4 ,sam ,weller1 in ,pickwick1 thus humourously refers to the entrance3--,st4 ,paul's ,churchyard--low archway on the carriage side1 bookseller's at one corner1 hotel on the other1 and two porters in the middle as touts for licences4 ,it was here that his father was inveigled into matrimony4 7#h-c_/d #f-c_/h7 ,d4 #gd-ahif4 #di4 ,st4 ,paul's ,churchyard1 laid out as a ,garden 7,black and white74 ,the present cathedral of ,st4 ,paul is the third dedicated to that ,saint and built more or less on the same site4 ,the first was founded in the early part of the seventh century by ,ethelbert1 ,king of ,kent2 the second1 known as old ,st4 ,paul's1 was begun ,a4,d4 #ajhg4 ,this1 having been destroyed by the ,great ,fire1 was replaced by the present marvellous building1 which we owe to the genius of ,sir ,christopher ,wren4 ,it will thus be seen that ,st4 ,paul's ,churchyard has had hallowed associations for about #a1cjj years4 ,the name1 in its fullest sense1 is applied to the irregular area surrounded by houses encircling the cathedral and including the burial-ground4 ,these houses1 before the ,fire and for some time afterwards1 were largely inhabited by booksellers and publishers1 who by degrees worked their way into ,paternoster ,row1 where they still flourish4 ,for many years after burials had ceased1 the burial-ground attached to ,st4 ,paul's was in a somewhat neglected condition4 ,in #ahgg an agreement was entered into between the ,city ,corporation and the ,dean and ,chapter1 by which the former pledged themselves to lay out a considerable sum on the enclosed space if they were allowed to convert it into a garden for the benefit of the public1 and on ,september #adth1 #ahgi1 the north-eastern part1 which is here represented1 was publicly opened by the ,lord ,mayor4 ,here the weary may sit amidst trees and flowers beneath the shadow of the great cathedral1 and enjoy seclusion from the turmoil of ,city life4 ,the scene here represented is1 however1 a thing of the past4 ,the fountain has disappeared1 and with it most of the pigeons1 its place being taken by a cross erected under the will of the late ,mr4 ,h4 ,c4 ,richards1 as a memento of the old ,st4 ,paul's ,cross4 7#f-a_/d #h-e_/h7 ,d4 #ge-ahif4 #ej4 ,the ,yard of the ,swan with ,two ,necks1 #di1 ,carter ,lane1 #ahid 7,water-colour74 ,there has been more than one hostelry with this sign in the ,city of ,london4 ,the most famous was the ,swan with ,two ,necks in ,lad ,lane1 at one time owned by ,mr4 ,william ,chaplin1 perhaps the greatest coach proprietor that ever lived4 ,after the advent of railways1 in partnership with ,mr4 ,horne1 he established the great carrying business which still flourishes on the old site in ,lad ,lane1 now absorbed by ,gresham ,street4 ,the ,swan with ,two ,necks1 in ,carter ,lane1 was also a coaching house1 but although picturesque1 of comparatively small importance4 ,outside was a painted sign1 placed flat against the wall1 and visible from ,dean's ,court4 ,times having changed1 the building in front became an ordinary public-house1 while the galleried portion was occupied by persons in the employment of ,messrs4 ,pawson1 the great warehousemen4 ,this drawing was made in ,october1 #ahid1 when the place had just been vacated1 having been taken over by the ,post ,office authorities4 ,it was shortly afterwards destroyed1 and a ,post ,office ,savings ,bank has been built on the site4 ,the origin of the sign may be thus explained4 ,the swans on the upper reaches of the ,thames are owned respectively by the ,crown and the ,dyers' and ,vintners' ,companies of the ,city of ,london1 and1 according to ancient custom1 the representatives of these several owners make an expedition each year up the river and mark the cygnets4 ,the ,royal mark used to consist of five diamonds1 the ,dyers' of four bars and one nick1 and the ,vintners' of the chevron or letter ,v and two nicks4 ,the word nicks has been corrupted into necks1 and as the ,vintners were often tavern-keepers1 the ,swan with ,two ,necks became a common sign4 ,the swan-marks which ,i have described continued in use until the year #ahgh1 when the swanherds were prosecuted by the ,society for the ,prevention of ,cruelty to ,animals1 on the ground that they inflicted unnecessary pain4 ,although the prosecution failed1 the marks have since been simplified4 7#f-aa_/af #h-e_/h7 ,d4 #gb-ahif4 ,illustration3 ,no4 #ea4 ,,view ,,from ,,paul',s ,,pier4 #ahia4 #ea4 ,view from ,paul's ,pier1 #ahia 7,black and white74 ,the spectator may here suppose himself to be standing near the site of ,paul's ,wharf1 which ,stow describes as a large landing place with a common stair upon the river ,thames1 at the end of a street called ,paul's ,wharf ,hill1 which runneth down from ,paul's ,chain4 ,the bridge in the middle distance is ,southwark ,bridge4 ,in the immediate foreground is a curious riverside dwelling1 squeezed in between two great warehouses2 its quaint bay window projecting over a wide doorway for the passage of goods1 which opens on to the ,thames4 ,the house1 containing nineteen rooms and two staircases1 was1 in #ahia1 still occupied as a private residence1 being let in apartments1 and was one of the last of its kind on the ,thames bank in ,london4 ,it was popularly supposed to be #cjj years old1 and to have been occupied by ,james ,i41 an adjoining wharf being used as a barrack for his soldiers1 but1 from the architectural point of view1 there was nothing to indicate that it dated from before the end of the seventeenth1 or beginning of the eighteenth century4 ,east ,paul's ,wharf1 immediately beyond1 had been rebuilt in #ahij1 but the large warehouse adjoining it on the west1 known as ,paul's ,wharf1 and sometimes called the barracks1 looked as if it had been built about a hundred years4 ,it ran back some distance1 having twelve gables alongside the way to ,paul's ,pier4 ,shortly after the completion of this drawing1 a subterranean brick tunnel 7partly under the old house7 was discovered4 ,it began at a distance of about #ej feet from the ,thames1 and extended in a northerly direction for about #aaj feet4 ,it was #ad feet wide with a clear way of some #h feet1 after allowing for a deep deposit of mud along the floor4 ,the arch within was covered with stalactites1 in some cases a yard long2 the two ends had been bricked up4 ,the writer of an article in the ,builder for ,august #b1 #ahia1 suggests that this tunnel may possibly have been made to carry off some of the torrents that used to run down the steep inclines in this part of the town after great and sudden rains1 sometimes to the peril of human life1 as witness the story told by ,stow apropos of ,dowgate 7#aegd74 ,the old house1 the barracks1 and the tunnel were all destroyed in #ahih4 ,during the work of reconstruction1 ancient timber piling came to light1 which had been used for the embankment of the river4 ,paul's ,pier has of late years been abolished4 ,a seventeenth century trade token1 issued from ,paul's ,wharf1 reads as follows3- ,o4--,,at 4 ,,ye 4 ,,next 4 ,,boat 4 ,,by ,,pavls ,a boat containing three men2 over it1 ,,next ,,boat4 ,r4--,,wharfe 4 ,,at 4 ,,peters 4 ,,hill 4 ,,foot ,m4 ,m4 ,b4 7#aj-e_/h #h-a_/d7 ,d4 #df-ahif4 #eb4 ,back of the ,green ,dragon ,inn1 ,st4 ,andrew's ,hill1 #ahij 7,black and white74 ,this picturesque old house1 here shown from ,green ,dragon ,court1 had no special history1 but1 to judge by its style1 must have dated from immediately after the ,great ,fire4 ,st4 ,andrew's ,hill was first called ,puddle ,hill1 and then ,puddle ,dock ,hill1 after the neighbouring wharf of that name4 ,shakespeare owned a house in ,ireland ,yard hard by1 where1 in #aijj1 remains of the ,blackfriars ,priory were brought to light4 ,the ,green ,dragon was the badge of ,william ,herbert1 ,earl of ,pembroke1 who died in #aegj4 ,this house was pulled down in #ahif4 ,its better known namesake in ,bishopsgate ,street1 an old galleried coaching inn1 had disappeared in #ahgg4 7#i-aa_/af #e7 ,d4 #dg-ahif4 #ec4 ,interior of the ,church of ,allhallows the ,great1 #ahic 7,water-colour74 7#ac-c_/h #af-i_/af7 ,d4 #gj-ahif4 #ed4 ,carved ,emblematical ,figures1 ,allhallows the ,great1 #ahic 7,water-colour74 ,the church of ,allhallows the ,great1 ,upper ,thames ,street1 is mentioned in a will of #abei4 ,the patronage of the living was anciently in the hands of the ,le ,despencers2 it afterwards came to ,richard ,nevil1 ,earl of ,warwick1 the ,king maker4 ,this church had a large cloister on the south side4 ,the whole was destroyed or very much injured in the great fire1 and rebuilt by ,sir ,christopher ,wren1 who1 according to his custom1 worked in such parts of the walls and foundations as were available4 ,the tower and north aisle or ambulatory of this structure 7which seems never to have been open to the nave7 were removed in #ahgf for the widening of ,upper ,thames ,street4 ,under the ,union of ,benefices ,act1 the church itself was sold by auction ,march #cast1 #ahid1 and shortly afterwards pulled down1 the ground being bought by the neighbouring brewery4 ,it is now an open space with its fragment of churchyard4 ,the interior was of singular beauty1 and retained its original fittings to the end1 among them the fine open screen shown in drawing ,no4 #ec and now at ,st4 ,margaret's1 ,lothbury4 ,this screen is sometimes said to have been made at ,hamburg1 and given by the ,hanseatic merchants1 so long connected with the neighbouring ,steelyard4 ,it is1 however1 undoubtedly ,english work4 ,the earlier documents bearing on the subject make it almost certain that both screen and pulpit were presented by ,theodore ,jacobsen1 who in #afhj succeeded his brother ,jacob as house-master of the ,steelyard1 an office which the latter had held at the time of the ,great ,fire4 ,it was chiefly through their efforts that the ,steelyard was rebuilt1 and the ,jacobsen family thereby acquired claims over it1 which1 after protracted litigation1 were bought up by the ,hanseatic towns in #agdh4 ,these retained the ,steelyard and some slight connection with the church until after the middle of the nineteenth century4 ,it may be observed also that the screen has on it an eagle displayed4 ,the beautiful sounding board of the pulpit also has an eagle4 ,this is now at ,st4 ,margaret's1 ,lothbury2 the pulpit itself has been removed to a church at ,hammersmith4 ,the second drawing represents a carved allegorical group--,charity trampling on ,envy--formerly on the front of the organ gallery1 from which the general view was taken4 ,there1 in the place it was designed for1 it had a very telling effect4 ,it is now fastened on to a lectern in the church of ,st4 ,michael1 ,paternoster ,royal1 with which parish that of ,allhallows has been united4 7#aa-c_/hg7 ,d4 #hf-ahif4 #ee4 ,doorways of ,nos4 #a and #b1 ,laurence ,poultney ,hill1 #ahie 7,water-colour74 ,these very handsome doorways1 of a style which was not unusual in the reign of ,queen ,anne1 are situated in so narrow a lane that it was difficult to get an effective view of them4 ,an important brick mansion1 built on this site immediately after the ,great ,fire1 and occupied by one1 ,justus ,otgher1 so named in an indenture1 was taken down at the beginning of the eighteenth century1 and replaced by the two houses of which these doorways form part4 ,within one of these shell-shaped canopies is the date of erection1 #agjc2 in the other is a representation of two boys playing at marbles4 ,on ,july #aeth1 #agjd1 the two houses were sold to ,thomas ,denning1 citizen and salter1 for #c1aij4 ,the ,rev4 ,h4 ,b4 ,wilson1 ,d4 ,d4 and ,f4,s4,a41 who wrote a history of the parish of ,st4 ,laurence ,poultney1 was residing in #ahca at ,no4 #a 7which still has a handsome staircase71 while ,no4 #b was occupied by ,mr4 ,justin ,fitzgerald4 7#aj-c_/hg-c_/d7 ,d4 #ij-ahif4 #ef4 ,back of the ,swan and ,horseshoe and of the ,admiral ,carter ,inns1 from ,montagu ,court1 #ahhg 7,black and white74 ,montagu ,court is situated almost at the junction of ,little ,britain and ,duke-,street4 ,the next turning to the west leads into ,bartholomew ,close4 ,the wooden building to spectator's right is the back of the ,admiral ,carter1 which faces this latter precinct4 ,about the year #ahhi it was modernised4 ,the house took its sign from ,admiral ,richard ,carter1 who was killed at the battle of ,barfleur1 ,may #aith1 #afib4 ,we may suppose that it was built shortly afterwards4 ,the ,swan and ,horseshoe ,inn1 with its incongruous double sign1 beyond being old and somewhat picturesque1 was of no special interest4 ,of late years it has been rebuilt1 and is now absolutely commonplace4 7#h-a_/b #d-c_/af7 ,d4 #dh-ahif4 #eg4 ,old ,house at the entrance to ,bartholomew ,close1 #ahhf 7,black and white74 ,this old wooden house1 with its quaint gable and barge-board1 was destroyed early in #ahhg for the widening of the entrance from ,little ,britain4 ,it was occupied by a greengrocer1 whose family had lived there for nearly half-a-century4 7#h-g_/h #f-ac_/af7 ,d4 #ej-ahif4 #eh4 ,the ,blakeney's ,head ,public-house1 #ce1 ,bartholomew ,close1 #ahhg 7,black and white74 ,a sign derived from a famous commander1 like that mentioned in the note to ,no4 #ef1 was the ,blakeney's ,head1 #ce1 ,bartholomew ,close--a memorial of the man who so bravely defended ,minorca against the ,french in #agef4 ,in the year #ahij the house was untenanted4 ,it remained closed and in a dilapidated condition for some time1 but about #ahie was done up and re-christened the ,rahere1 after the founder of ,st4 ,bartholomew's ,priory and ,hospital4 ,in ,june1 #aijj1 having changed its name a second time1 it was again closed1 and was destroyed soon afterwards4 7#aa-a_/d #g-g_/af7 ,d4 #di-ahif4 #ei4 ,the ,green ,man and ,still1 ,cow ,cross ,street1 ,clerkenwell1 #ahhf 7,black and white74 ,this picturesque little ale-house had absolutely no history as far as the writer could discover1 but it must have dated from the latter part of the seventeenth century4 ,it was rebuilt about #ahhi4 ,stow says3--,on the left-hand side of ,st4 ,john ,street lieth a lane called ,cow ,cross1 of a cross some time standing there1 which lane turneth to another lane called ,turnmill ,street4 7#aa-a_/d #e-g_/h7 ,d4 #ea-ahif4 #fj4 ,chimney-piece in the ,baptist's ,head ,public-house1 ,st4 ,john's ,lane1 ,clerkenwell1 #ahhi 7,black and white74 ,on the eastern side of ,st4 ,john's ,lane1 ,clerkenwell1 near the old ,priory ,gate1 a stuccoed public-house with the above sign stood until about the year #ahie4 ,though outwardly modern and commonplace1 a fragment of it had once formed part of a mansion which1 early in the sixteenth century1 belonged to ,sir ,thomas ,forster1 a judge of the ,common ,pleas1 who died in #afab4 ,the chimney-piece1 here portrayed1 was in the taproom4 ,it is of fine ,reigate stone1 the frieze being ornamented with fruit and flowers4 ,in the centre are arms1 and on each side a crest1 thus heraldically described by ,cromwell in his ,history of ,clerkenwell3--,the arms are quarterly2 first and fourth argent2 a chevron vert between three bugle-horns sable1 for the family of ,radclyffe with which that of ,forster intermarried1 the crescent being introduced as the filial distinction of a second house4 ,the ,buck at one end was the original crest of the ,forsters2 the ,talbot's head at the other1 with the crescent1 might be that of this branch of the ,radclyffe's4 ,the frieze was supported by pilasters in the same style1 and one side of the room had panelling of the linen pattern4 ,this was apparently all that remained of the original house1 which1 in the days of its splendour1 must have covered a good deal of ground1 for it had another frontage in ,st4 ,john ,street2 it was then ornamented by grotesque carvings1 and had bay windows with painted glass4 ,the sign may have been selected out of compliment to ,sir ,baptist ,hicks1 afterwards ,lord ,campden1 who built a ,sessions-house hard by4 ,in the #ahth century the ,baptist's ,head was doubtless resorted to by some of the literary men who worked for ,cave2 it also afforded solace to a very different class1 as we learn from a print in the ,malefactor's ,register1 which represents prisoners1 on their way to ,newgate1 halting here for refreshment2 the view of the old house is interesting4 ,for further information on the subject of this chimney-piece and of the ,forster family1 see ,archer's ,vestiges of ,old ,london 7#ahea71 where it is also figured4 ,it has now found its way into an upper room of ,st4 ,john's ,gate1 which is occupied by the ,st4 ,john's ,ambulance ,association4 7#f-a_/d #h-c_/af7 ,d4 #eb-ahif4 #fa4 ,old ,bell ,inn1 ,holborn1 #ahij4 ,this old galleried inn on the north side of ,holborn was of great interest and picturesqueness4 ,the earliest notice of it which has come to the writer's knowledge was on the #adth of ,march1 #aech 7#cj ,hen4 ,,viii471 when ,william ,barde sold a messuage and garden called the ,bell1 in the parish of ,st4 ,andrew1 ,holborn1 to ,richard ,hunt1 citizen and girdler4 ,richard ,hunt1 who died in #aefi1 gave thirty sacks of charcoal yearly for ever1 as a charge on the property1 to be distributed on ,st4 ,thomas's ,day to thirty poor persons of the parish1 one half below and the other above ,bars3 now represented by an annual payment of #b #es4 from the ground landlords to ,st4 ,andrew's parish4 ,on ,february #bjth1 #afje1 by deed poll1 ,thomas ,hunt1 citizen and vintner of ,london1 son and heir of ,richard ,hunt1 releases to ,john ,corder1 citizen and vintner1 all his right in that messuage called the ,bell with the appurtenances in the parish of ,st4 ,andrew1 ,holborne1 in the suburbes of the cittie of ,london1 between the tenement sometime of ,john ,davye on the east1 and a tenement heretofore of the ,prior and convent of the late dissolved ,pryorie or ,hospitall of our ,ladie without ,bishopsgate 7which must have been the ,hospital of ,st4 ,mary of ,bethlehem1 sometimes called ,bedlam7 on the west2 one head thereof extending upon the ,kinge's high waye of ,holborne1 and the other head thereof upon the garden of ,elie place4 ,after various changes of ownership the property in #afgi-hj passed into the hands of ,ralph ,gregge1 whose family came from ,bradley in ,cheshire4 ,his grandson1 ,joseph1 finally parted with it1 ,may #crd1 #agbe1 to ,christ's ,hospital1 for #b1aac #aes4 ,in the deed of sale three houses are mentioned1 so the various parts were let separately4 ,they are described as formerly one great mansion-house or inn1 commonly known by the name of the ,bell or ,blue ,bell ,inn4 ,a very short time1 probably two years1 before this sale the front of the premises facing ,holborn had been rebuilt1 a small part to the west being turned into a shop1 latterly occupied by a silversmith4 ,the sculptured arms1 not as sometimes has been asserted1 of the ,fowlers of ,islington 7who had never been connected with the house71 but of the ,gregges1 then owners1 were built into the wall4 ,these arms are now in the ,guildhall ,museum4 ,the inn is mentioned by ,john ,taylor 7#afcg7 as a place of call for carriers4 ,it eventually became a coaching house of considerable reputation1 this part of its business being1 about the year #ahcf1 in the hands of ,messrs4 ,b4 ,w4 and ,h4 ,horne1 the most famous coach proprietors in ,london1 except ,william ,chaplin4 ,for many years until finally closed1 ,september #beth1 #ahig1 the inn was occupied by the ,bunyer family4 ,architecturally the ,bell was interesting1 because1 with one possible exception1 it was the last galleried inn in ,london on the ,middlesex side of the river1 though until the advent of railways such houses were common4 ,the galleries were perhaps as old as the reign of ,charles ,,ii4 ,a still older portion was a cellar immediately to the left of the entrance1 which was built of stone with well laid masonry and might have been medival4 ,all the rest of the buildings seem to have dated from the earlier part of the eighteenth century4 ,there is a sympathetic reference to the old ,bell ,inn by ,william ,black in his ,strange ,adventures of a ,phaeton4 7#aj-a_/d #g-aa_/af7 ,d4 #ec-ahif4 #fb4 ,part of ,barnard's ,inn1 ,holborn1 #ahhf 7,water-colour74 7#ae-e_/af #ab-c_/h7 ,d4 #ed-ahif4 #fc4 ,the old ,hall1 ,barnard's ,inn1 #ahhf 7,water-colour74 ,barnard's ,inn1 on the south side of ,holborn1 was originally called ,mackworth's ,inn1 from having been the residence of ,dr4 ,john ,mackworth1 ,dean of ,lincoln in the reign of ,henry ,,vi4 ,his successor and the ,chapter of ,lincoln leased it to ,lyonel ,barnard1 from whom was derived the name by which it has so long been known4 ,as early as the middle of the fifteenth century it was let to legal students1 for ,stow tells us that anno #aded there was a great fray in ,fleet ,street between men of court and the inhabitants there1 in the course of which the ,queen's attorney was killed4 ,for this act the principal governors of ,clifford's ,inn1 ,furnival's ,inn1 and ,barnard's ,inn1 were sent prisoners to ,hertford ,castle4 ,barnard's ,inn1 like its neighbour1 ,staple ,inn1 was a place of legal study--an ,inn of ,chancery attached to ,gray's ,inn4 ,the establishment was governed by a ,principal and various ,ancients4 ,a ,reader also was appointed from ,gray's ,inn1 and great respect was shown to him4 ,the ,principal1 accompanied by the ,ancients and gentlemen in commons in their gowns1 used to meet him on his coming and conduct him into the hall4 ,barnard's ,inn had latterly no more than a nominal connection with ,gray's ,inn1 the houses being let out as chambers1 and not occupied by students of the law4 ,in #ahed the ,society consisted of a ,principal1 nine ,ancients1 and five ,companions4 ,the advantage of being a ,companion was stated to be the dining1 and the advantage of being an ,ancient1 dinners and some little fees4 ,in #ahhh the whole was advertised for sale1 and early in the nineties it was bought by the ,mercers' ,company and adapted for the purposes of their school1 which was removed thither from ,college ,hill in #ahid4 ,the hall1 still in existence1 is only #cf feet long by #bb feet in width1 and faces the narrow passage by which one enters from ,holborn4 ,it certainly dates from the foundation of the building in the fifteenth century1 but has been altered and renovated from time to time4 ,a louvre still adorns the roof1 designed doubtless for the emission of smoke from a central hearth1 but it must have been closed many years ago4 ,there is at each end a projecting fireplace1 apparently ,tudor1 though the stonework has of late been renewed4 ,their carved wooden overmantels have friezes in style belonging to the sixteenth century1 which surmount panelling of the linen pattern4 ,similar panelling decorates the walls4 ,although this has been much renewed1 portions of it are original4 ,the drawing of the interior 7,no4 #fa7 shows portraits above the panelling2 the full length over the western mantelpiece1 representing ,chief ,justice ,holt1 is now at the ,national ,portrait ,gallery4 ,the heraldic glass in the windows dates mostly from the eighteenth century4 ,the figure seated at a table is clad in one of the cloaks which were worn on certain occasions by the ,ancients4 ,beyond the hall was a somewhat irregular quadrangle2 part of it is represented in the painting ,no4 #fb4 ,the quaint gabled houses to the spectator's right1 which were close to the yard of the ,white ,horse ,inn1 disappeared in the year #ahic4 ,those in the centre of the drawing1 their fronts abutting on ,fetter ,lane1 remained until quite recently4 ,at ,no4 #b dwelt ,peter ,woulfe1 ,f4,r4,s41 known as the last true believer in ,alchemy1 who here strove at the impossible task of making gold4 ,sir ,humphrey ,davy said of him that he used to hang up written prayers and recommendations of his processes to ,providence4 ,the chambers were then so filled with furniture and apparatus that it was difficult to reach the fireside4 ,his remedy for illness was a journey to ,edinburgh and back by coach1 and a cold taken on one of these expeditions brought on inflammation of the lungs1 from which he died4 ,other houses in the quadrangle have been replaced by the new school buildings4 ,there are various references to ,barnard's ,inn1 not quite of a complimentary nature1 in ,great ,expectations1 by ,charles ,dickens4 7#ae-c_/h #ah-e_/h7 ,d4 #ga-ahif4 #fd4 ,old ,butchers' ,shops1 ,clare ,market1 destroyed #ahia 7,black and white74 ,much property in this neighbourhood was owned by the ,earls of ,clare of the ,holles ,family1 and ,john ,holles1 second ,earl1 whose mansion was at the end of ,clare ,court1 ,drury ,lane1 founded the market soon after the middle of the seventeenth century4 ,a stone bas-relief of the ,holles ,arms1 surmounted by an earl's coronet with the date #afei1 was formerly at the corner of ,gilbert passage1 and afterwards on the house numbered #h1 ,clare ,street4 ,the butchers of ,clare ,market were for years flourishing1 and here ,orator ,henley erected his gilt tub commemorated by ,pope1 and used to preach on such ,scripture texts or subjects as admitted of a burlesque treatment4 ,by degrees the place degenerated1 and in #ahia most of the buildings here were cleared away2 among others1 the old bulk-shop1 in the foreground4 ,it stood at the north-east corner of ,holles ,street1 and adjoining it on the north were other shops of a similar kind4 ,for some time before their destruction they had been unoccupied4 ,according to ,oldys1 ,nat ,lee1 the dramatic poet1 when one night returning overladen with wine from the ,bear and ,harrow in ,butcher ,row1 ,strand1 through ,clare ,market1 to his lodging in ,duke 7now ,sardinia7 ,street1 fell down on the ground1 as some say1 according to others on a bulk1 and was killed or stifled in the snow4 ,he was buried in the parish church of ,st4 ,clement ,danes1 #fth ,may1 #afib4 7#f-c_/h #h-a_/b7 ,d4 #hh-ahif4 #fe4 ,the ,cheshire ,cheese ,tavern1 ,fleet ,street1 from ,wine ,office ,court1 #ahij 7,black and white74 ,now that the ,cock in ,fleet ,street has flown over the way to comparatively modern quarters1 and ,dick's is no more1 the ,cheshire ,cheese1 at ,no4 #ade1 is the most old-fashioned tavern not only in this neighbourhood1 but in all ,london1 and the old style is carefully kept up4 ,contrary to general belief1 and to many printed statements1 there is no record that the great ,samuel ,johnson1 who so much appreciated the charms of tavern life1 ever frequented it1 though this is by no means improbable1 as he lived hereabout for many years4 ,indeed1 ,gough ,square1 where he compiled his dictionary1 is within a minute's walk1 and his friend ,oliver ,goldsmith wrote the ,vicar of ,wakefield at ,no4 #f1 ,wine ,office ,court1 close to the spot from which the drawing is taken1 at a time when the evening has begun1 and ,tavern lights flit on from room to room4 ,at the old ,cheshire ,cheese the ,modern ,johnson ,club has often met1 traditions of ,johnson's visits are repeated1 and his portrait hangs in a corner of the principal dining room on the ground floor4 ,this room has been depicted by various artists of distinction1 among others by ,seymour ,lucas1 ,r4,a41 and ,dendy ,sadler4 ,the panelled walls1 the seventeenth century fireplace1 the sawdusted floor1 and other quaint survivals1 combine to make a pretty picture4 ,an illustrated ,book of the ,cheese1 which has gone through several editions1 is1 or was1 sold at the bar4 7#h-c_/d #f-a_/d7 ,d4 #ee-ahif4 #ff4 ,hare ,court1 ,temple1 #ahia 7,black and white74 ,passing out of ,fleet ,street through the ,inner ,temple ,gateway1 under the old room acquired some years ago by the ,london ,county ,council1 the first opening on the right leads us into ,hare ,court1 which ,elia has described with less than his usual sympathy as a gloomy churchyard-like place1 with trees and a pump in it4 ,at this pump he had often drunk when a child1 and the contents later in life he recommends as excellent cold with brandy4 ,the back of ,dick's coffee-house is here to be seen1 nestling against a fine old block of chambers1 and overshadowed on the right by a high modern structure which seems to have got in there by mistake4 ,dick's1 sometimes called ,richard's1 stood on the site of the printing office of ,richard ,tottel1 law stationer in the reign of ,henry ,,viii42 it got its name1 however1 from ,richard ,torner or ,turner1 who was landlord in #afhj4 ,from the days of ,steele and ,addison many eminent men frequented it4 ,as is well known1 coffee-houses for half a century or more had a great influence on the sale of books2 every new poem or pamphlet of any importance was to be seen in them4 ,peter ,cunningham records that he had several in his possession bearing in large letters on their title-page ,dick's ,coffee-house4 ,this picturesque old place of entertainment1 like the ,rainbow and other houses of a similar description1 was approached from ,fleet ,street by a long passage4 ,in front it was a wooden structure2 the back was really half-timbered1 the timbering concealed by plaster2 inside the original staircase remained4 ,it disappeared in #ahii2 the rest of the seventeenth century buildings in ,hare ,court had been swept away some years previously4 7#aa-c_/af #g-g_/h7 ,d4 #ef-ahif4 #fg4 ,sion ,college and the ,city of ,london ,school1 ,victoria ,embankment1 #ahic 7,black and white74 ,sion ,college1 near the north end of ,blackfriars ,bridge1 and next on the west to the ,city of ,london ,school1 was founded in #afbc1 as a ,college and ,almshouse1 according to the will of ,dr4 ,thomas ,white1 who was ,vicar of ,st4 ,dunstan's in the ,west1 and held other clerical appointments4 ,a library was added by the munificence of ,dr4 ,john ,simson1 rector of ,st4 ,olave's1 ,hart ,street1 and an executor of the will4 ,until of late years1 the home of the ,college was in ,london ,wall1 between ,aldermanbury on the east and ,philip ,lane on the west1 the former site of ,elsing ,spittal4 ,the old library was built along the east side of ,philip ,lane1 the hall stood back in the ,college garden4 ,mr4 ,w4 ,niven1 in his volume on ,london ,city churches1 gives a good etching of the picturesque gateway4 ,new ,sion ,college1 here shown1 was formally opened by their ,royal ,highnesses the ,prince and ,princess of ,wales1 ,december #ae1 #ahhf4 ,the ,city of ,london ,school was established in ,milk ,street about the year #ahce for the sons of persons engaged in professional or commercial pursuits1 deriving part of its income from property bequeathed for educational purposes by ,john ,carpenter1 town-clerk of ,london in the reign of ,henry ,v4 ,the school had been transferred to its present site on the ,victoria ,embankment a short time before this drawing was made4 7#f-e_/h #i-a_/d7 ,d4 #gf-ahif4 #fh4 ,the ,rising ,sun1 ,wych ,street1 #ahij 7,black and white74 ,in #aijj-ja all the picturesque but dilapidated old houses in ,wych ,street and the neighbouring ,holywell ,street were cleared away4 ,among them was the structure here represented on spectator's right which is at the south-east corner of ,wych ,street1 with a front towards the church of ,st4 ,clement ,danes4 ,this public-house1 then known as the ,rising ,sun1 previously the ,crooked ,billet1 stood nearly opposite to the entrance of ,dane's ,inn1 which was built on the site of a more famous hostelry--the ,angel--destroyed in #ahed4 7#i-i_/af #f-g_/af7 ,d4 #eg-ahif4 ,illustration3 ,no4 #fi4 ,,the ,,cock ,,and ,,pie1 ,,drury ,,lane4 #fi4 ,the ,cock and ,pie1 ,drury ,lane1 #ahhj 7,black and white74 ,the plastered house which appears to the right of this drawing was for many years known as the ,cock and ,pie1 or ,cock and ,magpie1 public-house1 but was turned to other uses long ago4 ,apart from its quaintness1 it is worthy of record as having been possibly1 ,i might say probably1 for a time the residence of ,nell ,gwynn4 ,under the date ,may #a1 #affg1 ,pepys1 after saying how on his way to ,westminster1 he met many milk-maids with their garlands upon their pails1 dancing with a fiddler before them1 refers to her in these words3--,saw pretty ,nelly standing at her lodging-door in ,drury ,lane in her smock sleeves and bodice looking upon me2 she seemed a mighty pretty creature4 ,peter ,cunningham1 in his ,life of ,nell ,gwynn1 places these lodgings at the top of ,maypole ,alley1 over against the gate of ,craven ,house1 a position which exactly corresponds with that of the old ,cock and ,pie1 and a view of this house is used to illustrate his volume4 ,after #ahch the well-known bookseller1 ,george ,stockley1 for some years occupied the building4 ,he convinced himself of ,nell ,gwynn's connection with it1 and his belief was shared by the late ,edward ,solly1 ,f4,r4,s41 who wrote an interesting letter on the subject to ,notes and ,queries4 ,the building1 most likely1 dated from the time of ,charles ,i41 and appears to be marked on ,faithorne's map of #afeh4 ,the panelled house next door1 which seemed coeval1 was of a kind almost extinct4 ,they stood on the south side of ,drury ,lane1 and were both destroyed in the autumn of #ahij4 ,messrs4 ,w4 ,h4 ,smith ,son's establishment in the ,kingsway stands as nearly as may be on the site4 7#aj-e_/af #g-c_/h7 ,d4 #eh-ahif4 #gj4 ,house in ,nevill's ,court1 ,fetter ,lane1 #ahia 7,water-colour74 ,on the east side of ,fetter ,lane1 at ,no4 #cb1 is the chief establishment of the ,moravians in ,london2 behind is their chapel1 and a little further north is a narrow passage leading to ,nevill's ,court4 ,here1 on the south side1 stands an interesting old house1 which belongs to the ,moravian ,society4 ,as long ago as #agdd it passed into their hands1 when it was described as the great house of ,nevill's ,alley4 ,it was the home of the ,rev4 ,c4 ,j4 la ,trobe and of ,count ,reuss2 and ,charles ,joseph la ,trobe1 first ,governor of ,victoria1 was born here4 ,the earliest account of the ,moravian missions was issued from this house--then as now ,no4 #aj--more than a hundred years ago4 ,there is a quiet dignity about the old place1 which bears the stamp of having seen better days4 ,this site was for some years to let on building lease1 but at the time of writing the house was no longer threatened4 ,further east1 on the opposite side of the way1 were one or two buildings of still earlier date4 ,these houses just escaped the ,great ,fire2 they were destroyed in the winter of #aiaa-ab4 7#ac-a_/h #aj-c_/h7 ,d4 #gc-ahif4 #ga4 ,new ,exchange ,court1 ,strand1 #ahia 7,black and white74 ,on the north side of the ,strand1 between ,nos4 #dah and #dai1 is ,new ,exchange ,court1 now occupied by that excellent body1 the ,corps of ,commissioners1 who have their headquarters here4 ,of late years all the old buildings represented in this drawing have been swept away4 ,in #ahia they formed an admirable background for the figures of the veterans who made it their home4 ,the picturesque house behind the projecting lamp on the left of this drawing was known until about #ahhf as the ,thatched ,house ,tavern4 ,earlier in the century it was called ,nell ,gwynn's ,dairy1 and her name had also been connected with a panelled room 7now also destroyed7 in a house near ,maiden ,lane1 with which the court communicates4 ,it is1 however1 almost certain that ,nell ,gwynn never resided here2 like ,cromwell1 if we believe the popular legends she must have been ubiquitous4 7#i-c_/h #f-a_/b7 ,d4 #ei-ahif4 #gb4 ,the ,nag's ,head ,inn1 ,whitcombe ,street1 #ahhi 7,black and white74 ,this drawing represents an old galleried inn on the east side of ,whitcomb ,street1 once ,hedge ,lane1 which1 as its former name implies1 was not always hemmed in by bricks and mortar4 ,it appears from a manuscript note-book1 formerly in the possession of the late ,mr4 ,f4 ,locker-,lampson1 that ,hogarth in his later years1 when he set up a coach and horses1 kept them at the ,nag's ,head4 ,he was then living on the east side of ,leicester ,square4 ,on an old drawing of the ,nag's ,head1 which belongs to the writer1 it is stated that this inn did the posting exclusively for the ,royal family from ,george ,i4 to ,william ,,iv4 ,it was latterly used as a livery stable1 and1 the lease having come to an end1 was closed in #ahij4 ,the space remained vacant for many years1 and is now covered by the fine publishing offices of ,messrs4 ,macmillan ,co4 7#i-ac_/af #f-c_/d7 ,d4 #fj-ahif4 ,illustration3 ,no4 #gc4 ,,emanuel ,,hospital1 ,,westminster4 #gc4 ,emanuel ,hospital1 ,westminster1 #ahij 7,water-colour74 7#g-e_/h #ab-c_/d7 ,d4 #hj-ahif4 #gd4 ,old ,men's ,garden1 ,emanuel ,hospital1 ,westminster1 #ahia 7,sepia74 ,emanuel ,hospital 7sometimes called ,dacre's almshouses71 on the west side of ,james ,street1 ,westminster1 was founded pursuant to the will1 dated ,december #bjth1 #aeid1 of ,anne1 ,lady ,dacre1 widow of ,gregory1 last ,lord ,dacre of the ,south1 and sister of ,thomas ,sackville1 ,earl of ,dorset1 the poet1 towards the relief of aged people and bringing up of children in virtue and good and laudable acts in the same hospital4 ,on the death in #afbc of the last surviving executor of ,lady ,dacre1 the guardianship of the hospital descended1 by the ,charter of ,incorporation1 to the ,lord ,mayor and ,aldermen of the ,city of ,london4 ,the hospital was rebuilt1 as it appears in the drawings1 during the reign of ,queen ,anne1 and afforded protection to a varying number of old men and women 7formerly twenty-four7 belonging to ,westminster1 ,chelsea1 or ,hayes in ,middlesex2 the schools had been disconnected with it1 and formed a portion of the ,westminster ,united ,school1 since #ahgc4 ,in spite of much opposition from those who loved the picturesque old group of buildings1 ,emanuel ,hospital was closed in #ahib4 ,the site was afterwards sold for #cg1ejj1 a new scheme being drawn up for the regulation of the charity4 ,the drawing numbered #gc gives a general view of the buildings4 ,in the centre1 surmounted by a little clock turret and showing a pediment with the ,dacre arms1 is the chapel from which people are issuing1 the front figure with staff and gown being that of an almsman who officiated as beadle4 ,the master lived close to the chapel1 and the old men in the tenements on the left side1 their garden1 shown in ,no4 #gd1 being at the back4 ,the entrance1 facing ,james ,street1 had handsome wrought-iron gates4 ,in the old church at ,chelsea there is a stately monument with recumbent figures to ,lord and ,lady ,dacre4 7#f #h-a_/b7 ,d4 #fa-ahif4 #ge4 ,no4 #aj1 ,downing ,street1 from the garden1 #ahhh 7,water-colour74 7#g-a_/b #i-e_/h7 ,d4 #ha-ahif4 #gf4 ,chief ,reception ,room1 ,no4 #aj1 ,downing ,street1 #ahhh 7,sepia74 ,one of the most historic mansions in ,london is ,no4 #aj1 ,downing ,street1 facing the ,foreign ,office1 which has been the official home of the first ,lord of the ,treasury ever since ,sir ,robert ,walpole moved into it from ,st4 ,james's ,square in #agce4 ,it had belonged to the ,crown1 and had been granted by ,george ,i4 to ,baron ,bothmar1 the ,hanoverian minister1 for life4 ,the residence really consists of two houses1 with a covered way between them4 ,that which faces the street is a plain ,georgian structure1 resembling ,no4 #aa1 which forms part of the same block4 ,the building at the back seems little to accord with its surrounding4 ,it stands in a garden1 much frequented by woodpigeons1 which once1 no doubt1 formed part of ,st4 ,james's ,park4 ,on a misty morning in spring one might imagine it to be on the outskirts of some peaceful country town4 ,the view shows the south side1 the part towards ,downing ,street being discernible behind a tree on the right3 the building to the left is the ,treasury4 ,the artist has ventured to clothe his little figures in costumes which harmonise more with the old place than the frock coats and trousers of the present day4 ,the windows opening on to the terrace belong to the famous old cabinet room1 where ,pitt and ,sir ,robert ,peel1 ,disraeli and ,palmerston1 have often sat4 ,in the large reception room on the first floor which forms the subject of drawing ,no4 #gf1 are a series of interesting portraits1 the best1 perhaps1 being that of ,richard ,weston1 ,earl of ,portland1 ,lord ,high ,treasurer in #afcc4 ,the portly form of ,sir ,robert ,walpole is in the place of honour1 empanelled above a fine marble mantelpiece4 ,it was in the ante-room1 on the first floor of ,no4 #aj1 ,downing ,street1 that on ,january #abth1 #ahhg1 the ,earl of ,iddesleigh1 better known as ,sir ,stafford ,northcote1 breathed his last4 ,this house1 although it has undergone various changes1 was originally designed by ,sir ,christopher ,wren1 as is proved in the ,london ,topographical ,society's ,record1 vol4 #b1 pp4 #bc-bf 7#aijc74 7#ad-g_/af #ah-c_/d7 ,d4 #fb-ahif4 #gg4 ,schomberg ,house1 ,pall ,mall1 #ahid 7,black and white74 ,schomberg ,house1 ,nos4 #ha and #hb1 on the south side of ,pall ,mall1 is an interesting specimen of a nobleman's mansion in the late seventeenth century1 though its symmetry has been spoiled by the destruction of the east wing1 about the year #ahej4 ,timbs thought that it dated from the time of the ,commonwealth2 it is1 however1 generally supposed to have been begun for the famous ,duke of ,schomberg1 the favourite of ,william ,,iii41 who was killed at the ,battle of the ,boyne in #afij1 and not to have been finished until some years after his death4 ,his second son1 ,meinardt1 the third ,duke1 died in #agai1 when the title became extinct4 ,the house then came into the hands of ,meinardt's daughter1 ,frederica1 who married first the ,earl of ,holdernesse1 and afterwards ,benjamin ,mildmay1 created ,earl of ,fitzwalter in #agcj4 ,thirty years later1 on the accession of ,george ,,iii41 the ,duke of ,cumberland1 victor at ,culloden1 came here as tenant1 from ,st4 ,james's ,palace1 but he did not remain long2 the ,earl of ,holdernesse soon afterwards selling the mansion for #e1jjj to ,beau ,astley1 the portrait painter1 who had married ,lady ,daniell1 a wealthy widow4 ,astley spent a large sum in converting it into three dwellings1 and fitting up the central part fantastically for his own use4 ,it was probably he who set up the bas-relief of ,painting over the doorway1 which still remains4 ,he was succeeded by ,nathaniel ,hone1 ,r4,a41 now chiefly remembered by his picture called ,the ,conjuror4 ,in #agha this central portion was let to ,dr4 ,graham1 the notorious quack1 who exhibited here his ,temple of ,hymen and ,celestial ,bed1 and here the blooming ,priestess of the ,temple endeavoured to entertain ladies and gentlemen of candour and good nature by reading a lecture on the means of preserving health1 beauty1 and serene mental brilliancy even to the extremest old age4 ,soon1 however1 the farce was played out1 and in #aghf ,graham was succeeded by ,richard ,cosway1 the miniature painter1 and his handsome wife4 ,they lived here for some years1 and society flocked to their parties1 which were not unfrequently attended by the ,prince of ,wales1 who had access to them through a private door from the garden of ,carlton ,house4 ,the western wing of ,schomberg ,house was from #aggd occupied by that great artist1 ,thomas ,gainsborough1 and here he died in #aghh4 ,reynolds had visited him1 at his request1 a few days before1 when he used the often-quoted words3 ,we are all going to ,heaven and ,vandyck is of the party4 ,and here in the following spring his widow held an exhibition of his works still remaining on her hands4 ,in the course of last century ,messrs4 ,dyde and ,scribe converted the east wing into a place of business4 ,they were succeeded by ,mr4 ,harding1 in whose time ,george ,,iii4 and the ,princesses used to visit the shop and make their own purchases4 ,other well-known people have been connected with ,schomberg ,house4 ,robert ,bowyer1 miniature-painter to ,queen ,charlotte1 here collected a large number of engravings and paintings to illustrate the history of ,england1 which he called the ,historic ,gallery4 ,it proved unsuccessful1 and he applied for help to ,parliament1 which passed an ,act empowering him to dispose of it by lottery2 this he did in #ahjg4 ,the bookseller1 ,honest ,tom ,payne1 moved in #ahjf to ,schomberg ,house from his old shop at the ,mews ,gate1 where the ,national ,gallery now stands4 ,messrs4 ,payne and ,foss succeeded him1 who brought together a matchless collection of old books1 and stayed here until their retirement from business4 ,it had been said 7,smith's ,nollekens1 ,vol4 ,,ii41 p4 #cih7 that ,jervais1 the portrait painter1 eulogised by ,pope1 was also for a time a tenant4 ,schomberg ,house1 or what remains of it1 has for many years been incorporated in the ,war ,office4 7#ad #h-e_/h7 ,d4 #fc-ahif4 #gh4 ,back of ,devonshire ,house1 ,piccadilly1 from the ,garden1 #ahic 7,black and white74 ,devonshire ,house stands on the site of ,berkeley ,house1 built in #affe for ,sir ,john ,berkeley 7created ,lord ,berkeley of ,stratton71 which in its turn was on the site of ,hay ,hill ,farm4 ,the property at first included the site of ,lansdowne ,house and ,garden and ,berkeley ,square4 ,lord ,berkeley died in #afgh1 and in #afhd two new streets 7,berkeley ,street and ,stratton ,street7 were built on a portion of the grounds by his widow4 ,in #afie the ,princess ,anne1 who was then on bad terms with her brother-in-law1 ,william ,,iii41 lived here with her husband till the death of her sister1 ,queen ,mary1 in the same year4 ,william1 first ,duke of ,devonshire1 bought the house in #afig1 and the first and second ,dukes both died here4 ,the original mansion was destroyed by fire in #agcc1 and the present one--rather a dull piece of architecture--was built from ,william ,kent's design in #agce1 at a cost of #bj1jjj4 ,it has since been considerably altered4 ,in #ahgd1 as we are told by ,sir ,n4 ,w4 ,wraxall1 the great rallying points of the coalition against ,pitt were ,carlton ,house1 ,burlington ,house1 and ,devonshire ,house1 where ,georgiana1 the charming ,duchess of ,devonshire1 reigned over her brilliant court4 ,in the ball-room here was acted before the ,queen and ,prince ,albert1 on ,may #afth1 #ahea1 for the benefit of the ,guild of ,literature and ,art1 ,lord ,lytton's play1 ,not so bad as we seem4 ,among the actors were ,charles ,dickens1 ,wilkie ,collins1 ,augustus ,egg1 ,frank ,stone1 ,r4 ,horne 7the author of ,orion71 ,mark ,lemon1 and ,john ,tenniel4 ,the fine wrought-iron gate in front of the house1 facing ,piccadilly1 which was placed there in ,queen ,victoria's ,jubilee year 7#ahig7 had stood since #ahcg at the entrance to the grounds of ,chiswick ,house1 having been brought originally from ,heathfield ,house1 ,turnham ,green1 once the residence of ,lord ,heathfield1 who1 as ,general ,elliot1 so bravely defended ,gibraltar4 ,devonshire ,house is one of the few ,london mansions still possessing a large garden1 which is adorned by copies of antique statues4 7#aj-g_/h #ae-a_/af7 ,d4 #fd-ahif4 #gi4 ,lansdowne ,house1 from ,berkeley ,square1 #ahic 7,black and white74 ,dividing the gardens of ,devonshire ,house and ,lansdowne ,house is ,lansdowne ,passage1 a short cut for walkers from ,curzon ,street to ,hay ,hill4 ,thomas ,grenville records that the iron bars at the two ends were put up late in the #ahth century1 because a mounted highwayman who had committed a robbery in ,piccadilly escaped through this passage by riding down and up the steps4 ,lansdowne ,house1 like that last described1 is interesting from its connection with historic personages1 as a specimen of the dwelling of a great nobleman in the #ahth century1 and from its having a considerable garden4 ,it was designed by ,robert ,adam 7the most famous of the brothers who built the ,adelphi7 about the year #agfe1 for ,lord ,bute1 then ,prime ,minister1 whose treaty of peace with ,france raised such a fury of opposition that his enemies did not hesitate to say that he had been bribed4 ,on his fall from power it passed1 as yet unfinished1 into the hands of ,lord ,shelburne1 afterwards the first ,marquis of ,lansdowne1 to whose descendant it still belongs4 ,embowered in foliage it certainly has a picturesque effect from the adjoining ,berkeley ,square4 7#g-e_/h #aj-c_/h7 ,d4 #fe-ahif4 #hj4 ,library of ,chesterfield ,house1 ,south ,audley ,street1 #ahic 7,black and white74 ,whatever may have been their defects1 the noblemen's mansions built in the eighteenth century were mostly distinguished by fine staircases and reception rooms4 ,a notable specimen is ,chesterfield ,house1 which was planned by ,ware1 an architect of no mean merit1 for ,philip1 fourth ,earl of ,chesterfield1 who wrote the famous ,letters to his ,son4 ,here ,samuel ,johnson is popularly supposed to have waited in the outer rooms and been repulsed from the door2 but this must have occurred not later than #agdg1 as is clear from ,johnson's own words1 and the ,earl did not take possession of his new home in ,south ,audley ,street till ,march #acth1 #agdi4 ,the ground attached to it has been sadly curtailed since he wrote to a friend ,my garden is now turfed1 planted1 and sown1 and will in two months make a scene of verdure and flowers not common in ,london4 ,inside1 however1 there has been comparatively little change4 ,the marble staircase1 with its pillars1 has a very stately effect2 it was brought from ,canons1 near ,edgware1 the letters on the wrought iron balustrade being the initials of the princely ,chandos1 whose ducal coronets were removed by ,lord ,chesterfield and replaced by his own4 ,on the ground floor at the back there is a splendid suite of rooms1 including the library1 which is represented in drawing ,no4 #hj4 ,its first owner called it with pardonable pride the best room in ,england1 and here are still to be seen under the cornice1 in capital letters a foot high1 the ,horatian lines3 ,nunc veterum libris1 nunc somno et inertibus horis1 ,ducere solicit jucunda oblivia vit2 an indication of the life he proposed to lead amidst his books and pictures4 ,the portraits in framed panels1 which decorate the walls1 are a most interesting series1 representing1 as they do1 eminent people painted by some of the finest artists of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries4 ,scattered throughout the mansion there are many other superb portraits by ,reynolds1 ,gainsborough1 and ,romney1 which were collected by the late owner1 ,lord ,burton1 and are here appropriately housed4 7#ah #bb-a_/d7 ,d4 #ff-ahif4 #ha4 ,bourdon ,house1 ,davies ,street1 #ahic 7,black and white74 ,north of ,berkeley ,square begins the estate of the ,duke of ,westminster in this part of ,london1 brought to the ,grosvenor family by ,miss ,mary ,davies1 who married ,sir ,thomas ,grosvenor in #afgf4 ,and here1 on the east side of ,davies ,street1 named after her1 stands ,bourdon ,house1 a pleasant old dwelling1 over-shadowed by the trees which grow in its little courtyard4 ,inside1 the most noteworthy feature is the carved woodwork1 which seems to be ,french in style1 dating1 perhaps1 from the early part of the eighteenth century4 ,there is a strong tradition that this house was originally occupied by the ,davies family2 it is certainly one of the oldest on the estate4 ,the name ,bourdon first appears on the parish rate books in #agci4 ,within the last few years the house has been enlarged4 7#aa-a_/af #h-a_/b7 ,d4 #fg-ahif4 #hb4 ,scarsdale ,house1 ,kensington1 #ahib 7#b ,water-colours74 ,scarsdale ,house stands--perhaps one should now say stood--a little back1 at the north-east corner of ,wright's ,lane1 within a stone's throw of the ,kensington ,high ,street railway station4 ,of its early history little is known1 but the main part of the building must have been at least coeval with ,kensington ,square2 that is1 it must have existed for more than #bjj years4 ,it is stated by one of his descendants that this property first belonged to ,john ,curzon1 who is perhaps best remembered in the family as having owned a horse of ,eastern blood1 one of the progenitors of the modern racehorse4 ,for a short time ,lord ,barnard occupied the house2 in #agba ,william ,curzon was living here1 and was one of the largest contributors to the parish poor-rate4 ,early in the nineteenth century it was a ladies' boarding school1 but many years ago it became the residence of the ,hon4 ,edward ,curzon 7second son of ,mr4 ,robert ,curzon and ,lady de la ,zouche71 who bought it from his cousin1 ,lord ,scarsdale4 ,the pair of ,jacobean mantelpieces in the drawing-room once graced a wing1 now destroyed1 of the historic mansion of ,loseley4 ,the old house in ,wright's ,lane1 with its delightful garden1 is immortalized in ,miss ,thackeray's novel1 ,old ,kensington4 ,this was ,lady ,sarah's home1 with its many windows dazzling1 as the sun travelled across the old-fashioned housetops1 and here was the room with the blue tiles which ,lady ,sarah's husband brought from the ,hague the year before he died4 ,the garden is now partly a coalyard1 and part is absorbed by the widening of the roads4 ,the house1 wholly transformed and dismantled1 is converted into an annexe of a draper's establishment in ,high ,street1 ,kensington4 7#g #i-c_/d7 7#f-a_/d #i-c_/d7 ,d4 #fh ,a1 ,b-#ahif4 #hc4 ,turner's ,house1 ,cheyne ,walk1 ,chelsea1 #ahhj 7,water-colour74 ,on the river front beyond ,lindsey ,house1 no great distance from the site of ,cremorne ,gardens and next but one to a tavern called the ,aquatic ,stores1 stands a small cottage1 one of a pair now joined together and numbered #aah1 ,cheyne ,walk1 to which in his old age ,j4 ,m4 ,w4 ,turner1 the great artist1 used to retire from his house in ,queen ,anne ,street4 ,he must have loved the ,thames1 for he had previously resided first at ,west ,end1 ,upper ,mall1 ,hammersmith1 and afterwards1 from time to time1 at ,sandycombe ,lodge1 ,twickenham4 ,he1 no doubt1 selected the humble dwelling at ,chelsea chiefly because1 from its low roof1 still protected by a wrought-iron railing which he caused to be placed there1 he could get a fine view of ,chelsea reach1 now obscured by the modern house next door1 which projects in front4 ,for the sake of privacy he took the name of the landlady1 and was known in the neighbourhood as ,mr4 ,booth1 ,admiral ,booth1 or ,puggy ,booth4 ,the cottage is now somewhat below the level of the roadway2 an old inhabitant1 formerly a waterman1 told the writer that in his youth it was only separated from the ,thames by a raised path4 ,turner died here ,december #aith1 #ahea1 in a room the window of which may be seen immediately below the railing or balcony whence he is believed to have studied the view4 ,afterwards1 for many years1 the place remained outwardly in much the same condition as when he left it4 ,by degrees it became dilapidated1 the little trees in front disappeared1 and in #ahie there was an ominous announcement that the property was to be sold for building purposes4 ,the late ,mrs4 ,haweis made efforts to save it2 and there was a correspondence on the subject in the ,times4 ,after remaining empty and dilapidated during many months1 the pair of cottages were bought and judiciously restored by one who valued the memory of our illustrious landscape painter4 ,a large studio was then built at the back1 where there were formerly other tenements4 7#h-a_/b #f7 ,d4 #hc-ahif4 #hd4 ,old ,fish ,shop1 ,cheyne ,walk1 ,chelsea1 #ahhg 7,water-colour74 ,this quaint little house1 one of the oldest in the parish1 stood in what used to be known as ,lombard ,street1 but now forms part of ,cheyne ,walk4 ,it was four doors west of a tavern called the ,rising ,sun1 and in old days had been a freehold1 with the right of pasturage on ,chelsea ,common4 ,in front of the gable was a plaster or terra cotta medallion1 with a head in relief which might have been copied from a classical coin4 ,this1 though a humble specimen of its class1 belonged to a style of decoration common in the seventeenth century4 ,the writer has before him a view1 dated #agib1 of a building then on ,tower ,hill1 with similar medallions4 ,sometimes the heads of ,roman ,emperors were thus placed1 sometimes the ,cardinal virtues and other emblematic figures4 ,the fish shop in ,cheyne ,walk1 long kept by ,mrs4 ,elizabeth ,maunder1 was pulled down in ,november1 #ahib4 ,mr4 ,percy ,thomas etched it1 and there is a famous lithograph of the lower part1 by ,whistler1 who for years lived hard by4 ,the medallion is now in the ,chelsea ,free ,library4 ,after the destruction of the old fish shop ,mr4 ,c4 ,r4 ,ashbee built a house on this and the adjoining site1 numbered #gb to #gd1 ,cheyne ,walk1 and in that house ,whistler died1 ,july #ag1 #aijc4 7#aa #f-g_/h7 ,d4 #fi-ahif4 #he4 ,old ,thatched ,cottage1 near ,paddington ,green1 #ahie4 7,water-colour74 ,this was considered to be the last thatched cottage in ,london1 though at the time of writing one in ,camberwell still survives4 ,it stood on the west side of the old burial ground of ,st4 ,mary's ,church 7now a public garden71 and behind ,no4 #ab1 ,st4 ,mary's ,terrace1 ,paddington ,green1 and in #ahie was occupied by ,welsh-speaking people connected with a temporary ,welsh chapel which stood hard by4 ,the walls of this cottage were composed of pebbles and broken flint plastered over1 and its rural look was enhanced by the surrounding ground with trees growing thereon4 ,the date of its erection was not known4 ,in the ,bayswater ,annual for #ahhe there was a statement that in #ahbj the cottage belonged to a ,mr4 ,chambers1 a banker of ,bond ,street4 ,in those days the occupants commanded an uninterrupted view of the ,harrow ,road as it turned northward4 ,claremont ,house1 within a short distance of ,chambers's ,cottage1 was remarkable for the ,claremont ,caverns about which many uncanny tales were told4 ,they were the work of a ,mr4 ,southgate ,stevens who here carried on in secret processes for extracting gold from quartz and other minerals4 ,he was said to have spent some #cj1jjj in this fruitless quest4 ,a drawing and short account of ,chambers's ,cottage will be found in the ,builder for ,may #ahth and ,june #hth1 #ahie2 it was demolished a year or two afterwards1 to make room for ,st4 ,david's ,welsh ,church4 7#g-c_/d #aj-aa_/af7 ,d4 #he-ahif4 ,,index4 ,no4 of ,drawing4 ,admiral ,carter ,inn1 ,montagu ,court1 #ef ,aldgate1 ,old houses in1 #ai ,allhallows the ,great1 ,church of1 #ec1 #ed ,austin ,friars1 ,no4 #aj1 ,staircase of1 #cf ,austin ,friars1 ,no4 #ba1 #cg ,baptist's ,head ,public-house1 ,st4 ,john's ,lane1 ,clerkenwell1 #fj ,barnard's ,inn1 ,holborn1 #fb1 #fc ,bartholomew ,close1 ,old house at entrance of1 #eg ,blakeney's ,head ,public-house1 ,no4 #ce1 ,bartholomew ,close1 #eh ,botolph ,lane1 ,staircase of house in1 #bf ,bourdon ,house1 ,davies ,street1 #ha ,bull ,inn1 ,aldgate1 #bj ,bunyan's ,monument1 ,bunhill ,fields1 #da ,chapter ,coffee ,house1 ,paternoster ,row1 #dd ,cheshire ,cheese ,tavern1 ,fleet ,street1 #fe ,chesterfield ,house1 ,south ,audley ,street1 ,library of1 #hj ,cheyne ,walk1 ,chelsea1 ,old ,fish ,shop1 #hd ,city ,greenyard1 ,no4 #ah1 ,whitecross ,street1 #dj ,city of ,london ,school1 ,victoria ,embankment1 #fg ,clare ,market1 ,old ,butchers' ,shops1 #fd ,cock and ,pie1 ,drury ,lane1 #fi ,coleman ,street1 ,no4 #d1 #db ,college ,hill1 ,gateways on the east side1 #be ,crosby ,hall ,chambers1 ,bishopsgate ,street1 #ca1 #cb ,crosby ,square1 ,no4 #d1 ,garden of1 #cc ,devonshire ,house1 ,piccadilly1 #gh ,downing ,street1 ,no4 #aj1 #ge1 #gf ,elephant and ,castle1 ,old1 ,newington ,butts1 #a ,emanuel ,hospital1 ,westminster1 #gc1 #gd ,george ,inn1 ,southwark1 #h1 #i ,george ,inn1 ,old1 ,trinity ,square1 #bd ,great ,st4 ,helen's1 ,entrance to1 #bh ,great ,st4 ,helen's1 ,old houses in1 #cj ,great ,st4 ,helen's1 ,no4 #i1 ,staircase of1 #bg ,great ,st4 ,helen's1 ,no4 #aj1 #bi ,great ,winchester ,street1 ,no4 #bc1 #ch1 #ci ,green ,dragon ,inn1 ,st4 ,andrew's ,hill1 #eb ,green ,man and ,still1 ,cow ,cross ,street1 ,clerkenwell1 #ei ,hare ,court1 ,temple1 #ff ,king's ,head ,inn1 ,southwark1 #aa1 #ab ,lansdowne ,house1 from ,berkeley ,square1 #gi ,laurence ,poultney ,hill1 ,nos4 #a and #b1 #ee ,nag's ,head ,inn1 ,whitcomb ,street1 #gb ,nag's ,head ,inn ,yard1 ,southwark1 #aj ,nevill's ,court1 ,fetter ,lane1 ,house in1 #gj ,new ,exchange ,court1 ,strand1 #ga ,old ,bell ,inn1 ,holborn1 #fa ,one ,swan ,inn1 ,bishopsgate ,street ,without1 #ce ,oxford ,arms1 ,warwick ,lane1 #df ,paddington ,green1 ,old thatched cottage near1 #he ,paul's ,pier1 ,view from1 #ea ,pindar1 ,sir ,paul1 ,house of1 ,bishopsgate ,street ,without1 #cd ,queen's ,head ,inn1 ,southwark1 #ac1 #ad ,rising ,sun1 ,wych ,street1 #fh ,royal ,mail ,tavern1 ,noble ,street1 #de ,st4 ,paul's ,churchyard1 ,dean's ,court1 #dh ,st4 ,paul's ,churchyard laid out as a garden1 #di ,st4 ,paul's1 ,deanery of1 #dg ,saracen's ,head ,inn1 ,aldgate1 #ba ,scarsdale ,house1 ,kensington1 #hb ,schomberg ,house1 ,pall ,mall1 #gg ,sieve ,public-house1 ,minories1 #ae-ah ,sion ,college1 ,victoria ,embankment1 #fg ,skinners' ,company1 ,almshouses of the1 ,mile ,end ,road1 #bb1 #bc ,swan and ,horseshoe ,inn1 ,montagu ,court1 #ef ,swan with ,two ,necks1 ,carter ,lane1 #ej ,tabard ,inn1 ,southwark1 #g ,turner's ,house1 ,cheyne ,walk1 ,chelsea1 #hc ,two ,brewers ,public-house1 ,london ,wall1 #dc ,white ,hart ,inn1 ,southwark1 #b-f