,,! ,,briti% ,,j\rnal ,,( ,,photography4 ,no4 #fac4 ,,vol4 ,,xix4--,,febru>y #b1 #ahgb4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,a ,,"* ,,( ,,c]ta9 ,,pres]vative ,,films4 ,,h]r ,s*ultz-,sellack has rec5tly call$ att5tion to a rem>kable agreem5t 9 c]ta9 prop]ties betwe5 *emically-clean glass surfaces & photographic films coat$ ) tann9 or album54 ,! p>ticul> prop]ty 9 :i* !y appe> to agree is ?is--t an album5is$ or tann9$ surface1 :5 brea!d ^u1 takes ! moi/ure ev5ly & loses x gradually by evaporation1 j l a clean glass plate4 ,?is wond]ful discov]y 767 is ann\nc$ 9 ,pogg5dorf's ,annal51 & a notice ( x appe>s 9 ! la/ ,j\rnal ( ! ,*emical ,society4 ,if ,h]r ,s*ultz-,sellack _h endeav\r$ to make himself acqua9t$ ) ! lit]ature ( photography he w\ld sc>cely h tak5 ! tr\ble to publi% ! /atem5t ( a fact well kn[n to all :o h mu* exp]i5ce 9 dry-plate "w4 ,a film protect$ by album51 tann91 or any o!r sub/ance capable ( absorb+ moi/ure1 resembles a p]fectly-clean glass plate 9 ! mode ( cond5sation ( moi/ure & ! mann] 9 :i* an aque\s film disappe>s f ! surface3 b ?is prop]ty ( a some:at hygroscopic surface is "o :i* might be easily anticipat$ & has long be5 obs]v$4 8,:e!r ?is hygroscopic prop]ty is b5eficial or o!rwise we are sc>cely 9 a position to decide1 z wide diff]5ces ( op9ion exi/ among/ practical m5 on ?is subject--on ! "o h&1 ,mr4 ,m4 ,c>ey ,lea consid]+ ne>ly complete desiccation ( a dry plate conducive to great] s5sitiv5ess1 & on ! o!r1 a l>ge numb] ( op]ators decl>+ t a pres]vative capable ( keep+ ! plate 9 a semi-moi/ condition is mo/ advantage\s4 ,our own exp]i5ce is 9 fav\r ( ,mr4 ,lea's position2 b x is by no means improbable t "s ( ! s-call$ pres]vatives act be/ :5 moi/1 & o!rs :5 ! film is fully dri$4 ,we %all cont5t ourselves ) cit+ a s+le case 9 po9t40 ,:5 a film ( iodide ( silv] is wa%$ free f extrane\s matt]1 & !n cov]$ ) a solution ( f]rocyanide ( potassium1 a v s5sitive lay] is obta9$ :ile ! film is moi/1 b if dri$ fully ! action ( light ^u ! surface is v sl[4 ,suppose1 h[ev]1 t we add to ! f]rocyanide solution1 previ\s to its application to ! iodide film1 a quantity ( honey1 a little glyc]9e1 or a v m9ute am\nt ( nitrate ( magnesia1 a comp>atively s5sitive film is obta9$1 :i*1 ?\gh app>5tly dry1 is /ill n completely s4 ,"h1 !n1 is a rem>kable case1 p>allel ) ! analog\s action ( nitrate ( silv] moi/ & dry ^u s5sitive lay]s4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,a ,,%ellac ,,v>ni%4 ,,9 our la/ volume !re appe>$ two v int]e/+ notes--"o by ,mr4 ,g4 ,watm\gh ,web/]1 ,f4,c4,s41 & ! o!r by ,mr4 ,a4 ,r4 ,br[n--on ! prep>ation ( a %ellac v>ni% ( a peculi> k9d1 & easily miscible ) wat]4 ,?\gh we h be5 long famili> ) ! mode ( prep>+ su* a v>ni%--?anks to ! k9dness ( a fri5d--we h lately gone ov] ! :ole matt]1 & h be5 s int]e/$ t we n[ v5ture to recall ! matt] to ! consid]ation ( our read]s--?is week m5tion+ ! mo/ conv5i5t mode ( prep>+ ! s-call$ v>ni%1 & res]v+ to ano!r "t an acc\nt ( sev]al applications ( x :i* appe> to possess "s int]e/4 ,! mo/ rapid mode ( obta9+ ! %ellac v>ni% conv5i5tly is c]ta9ly t ( ,mr4 ,web/]4 ,?is g5tleman dissolves ! res9 9 _s4 ,we may rem>k t /rong _s gives ! mo/ satisfactory results4 ,! solution :5 n[ treat$ ) a v small am\nt ( ! ord9>y liquid ammonia becomes imm$iately miscible ) wat]4 ,c>e mu/ be tak51 h[ev]1 only to add suffici5t ammonia to accompli% ! desir$ end1 & ?is c be easily accompli%$ by te/+ a little ( ! mixture by addition ( wat] aft] e fre% dose ( alkali4 ,9 ?is way any unnecess>y deep5+ ( ! col\r is avoid$1 & a useful liquid obta9$4 ,we n[ turn to ! second plan--t m5tion$ by ,mr4 ,br[n4 ,x has be5 long well kn[n t fus$ %ellac dissolves mu* m easily 9 alcohol ?an ! res9 :i* has n be5 melt$4 ,mr4 ,br[n adopts ! same plan 9 obta9+ solution 9 ammonia4 ,! res9 is melt$ "u a lay] ( wat]1 &1 :5 p]fectly fus$1 /rong liquor ( ammonia is sl[ly p\r$ 91 ! :ole be+ c>efully mix$4 ,gradually ! res9 is tak5 up by ! liquid1 & a good1 br[n mixture obta9$4 ,if too mu* ammonia be us$ "h ! col\r is greatly deep5$1 ow+ to ! action ( ! alkali on a peculi> impurity 9 ! res94 ,bo? ! above processes "w well2 b1 :5 small quantities h to be prep>$1 ,mr4 ,web/]'s plan yields ! be/ product1 z a solution ( %ellac 9 _s c be obta9$ hav+ a comp>atively slight col\r1 :]eas ! direct use ( ammonia deep5s ! t9t4 ,:i*ev] plan be us$ a good result c be arriv$ at1 & a liquid obta9$ capable ( num]\s & mo/ useful applications1 :e!r z a species ( v>ni%1 a cem5t1 or mat]ial =1 9 a s5se1 wat]pro(+ pap]4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,*romate ( pota% is us$ 9 dye+ 9 conjunction ) dextr9e1 c41 = dis*>g+ ! col\r f v>i\s fabrics2 x seems1 h[ev]1 t a difficulty has be5 not$ 9 us+ su* a mixture1 = x is f\nd t c]ta9 ( ! goods become discol\r$ by ! *romate1 & t ?is undesir$ col\r is n easily remov$4 ,w our read]s be 8surpris$ to he>0 t ! cause ( ?is circum/ance appe>s to h be5 only j f\nd out1 if we may judge f a quotation 9 ! ,j\rnal ( ! ,*emical ,society8 ,x has be5 discov]$ t x is exposure to light dur+ treatm5t :i* prev5ts ! removal ( ! (f5d+ mat]ial4 ,?is circum/ance indicates h[ little att5tion is 9 g5]al paid to ! ph5om5a att5d+ ! *emical action ( light2 &1 not)/&+ ! fact t ! rem>kable prop]ty possess$ by ! *romates ( r5d]+ insoluble gelat9e1 c41 has be5 utilis$ to an extraord9>y ext5t 9 ! v>i\s pigm5t pr9t+ processes1 op]ative *emi/s seem to h only n[ become alive to ! fact1 & able to apply ! obvi\s rem$y 9 us+ yell[ glass = ! rooms 9 :i* ! treatm5t ( goods ) ! *romat$ dextr9e is c>ri$ on4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,bli/]+ ,,( ,,album5 ,,surfaces4 ,,hav+ read ) mu* int]e/ ! v>i\s rem>ks :i* h appe>$ 9 y\r columns ( late on ! bli/]+ ( album5is$ surfaces1 ,i w1 ) y\r approbation1 /ate my conviction ( ! cause4 ,fir/1 let u exam9e ! bli/]s & get at a cle> notion ( _! physical aspect4 ,all :o h spok5 on ! subject appe> to agree t ! m highly a pap] is album5is$ ! m d we suff] f ! annoyance4 ,well1 su* a /rong film gives u ! opportunity to deta* "s ( ^? l>ge bli/]s :i* h be5 =m$ by ! coalesc5ce ( a numb] ( small bli/]s4 ,proce$+ aft] ! mann] ( a microscopi/ 9 8 dissection ( animal /ructure1 we depress ! %eet or photograph to ! bottom ( a di% ) wat]1 & !re introduce a %>p-po9t$ knife1 :]eupon air escapes4 ,"h we simply note ?is fact1 & cont9ue ! dissection4 ,hav+ deta*$ a vesicul> film1 & caught x on a small plate ( glass ) ! inn]mo/ side upw>ds1 x w be f\nd 9 almo/ e exp]im5t to h ! surface fibre ( ! pap] atta*$1 ?us %[+ t x does n "p f ! surface ( ! pap] z a film pure & simple4 ,we !re=e dismiss f our m9ds ! idea t ! out] surface only _h be5 r5d]$ insoluble1 :ile ! inn] portion _h be5 dissolv$2 7 ?is ! case ! bli/] w\ld be fill$ ) ! album5 solution4 ,9 accordance ) ! law discov]$ by ,graham--t a colloid solution1 su* z album51 _c pass ?r\gh a colloidal septum--! bli/]s _c be ! result ( expansion4 ,fur!r3 :]e a colloid septum is wett$ on bo? sides1 liquids ( ! nature ( wat] c diffuse ?r\gh1 & !re=e ! bli/]s w\ld be fill$ ) wat] or solution ( cry/alloid salt1 su* z hyposulphite ( soda4 ,n[ we mu/ se>* deep] & wid] = ! cause4 ,if ,i am n mi/ak51 ! bli/]s %[ !mselves 9 great] =ce1 9 ?is c\ntry1 f ! middle ( ,may to ! end ( ,july4 ,dur+ ?is p]iod ! natural wat]s are ( ! mo/ fav\rable temp]ature = ! absorption ( air or gases on :i* ! aquatic plants fe$2 gases com+ 9 contact ) or pass+ ?r\gh ! cells ( ! liv+ plant are decompos$1 & ! residual gas dis*>g$ into ! wat]4 ,z ! wat] becomes l[]$ 9 temp]ature x is unable to hold ^! absorb$ gases1 ! m9imum temp]ature be+ f #cb to #dj ,fah4 ,x is f ?is cause1 9 my op9ion1 t ice floats on ! surface4 ,z wat] becomes l[] 9 temp]ature m9ute bubbles ( air are se5 to gr[1 z x 71 on subm]g$ objects2 ev5tually ! buoyancy ov]comes ! =ce ( adhesion & gravity1 :]eupon ! air-beads rise & become entangl$ among/ ! wat] cry/als--ice--& ?us r5d] ! ice light]1 bulk = bulk1 ?an ! wat] f :i* x has be5 =m$4 ,"s ( my read]s w1 mo/ likely1 say--8,:at has ?is to d ) ! bli/]+ ( album5 surfaces80 ,well1 let u see h[ ^! ideas1 d]iv$ f ant]ior obs]vations1 assi/ u 9 ! matt]4 ,!re are _m sub/ances beside ! gr[+ tissue & cells hav+ ! prop]ty ( cond5s+ gases 9 _! pores1 & (t5 ent]+ into comb9ation ) su* avidity t suffici5t heat is lib]at$ to r5d] ! sub/ance inc&esc5t4 ,su* is ! case :5 hydrog5 gas is imp+$ on plat9um 9 a spongy =m4 ,fre%-burn$ *>coal is ano!r sub/ance hav+ ! prop]ty ( cond5s+ _m times its own volume ( gas1 & by mutual attraction to ! occlud$ air ! ext]nal air /icks z a film on ! sub/ance ) consid]able =ce--wets ! surface1 if ,i may use ! simile4 ,mo/ sub/ances possess+ extremely m9ute pores or int]/ices h ?is prop]ty1 9 a m or less degree1 = diff]5t k9ds ( gases2 !re=e we may fairly class ! f9e texture ( photographic pap] among/ su* bodies4 ,grant t !re is an analogy betwe5 ! above-m5tion$ cases1 !n ! cause & effect become intelligible4 ,fir/ we h a h>d-siz$ pap] ) gases or air cond5s$ 9 ! int]/ices1 & ) ! ext]nal air adh]+ to x2 9 ?is condition x is coat$ ) an amorph\s film ( album54 ,all appe>s to g on fav\rably until ! fix+ process2 "h ! temp]ature is r$uc$ by ! addition ( wat] conta9$ 9 ! pr9ts4 ,n[ ! absorb$ air :i* ! wat] conta9s f9d+ a nucleus on its p]meat+ ! body ( ! pap] gr[s imm$iately 7z ,i po9t$ out :5 direct+ y\r att5tion to ! ph5om5a proce$+ f ! freez+ ( ! wat]7 9 ! surface-fibre1 ?us x is likely t ! bli/]s are =m$ is all cases :]e air is enclos$4 ,hyposulphite ( soda :5 ent]+ into solution r$uces ! temp]ature consid]ably--! air be+ !n held ) s little =ce readily unites ) a nucleus4 ,to c\nt]act ?is natural effect x is obvi\s t means %\ld be tak5 to prev5t ! l[]+ ( ! temp]ature on ! addition ( wat] to ! hypo1 solution1 or on ! transf]5ce ( pr9ts f ! hypo1 into wat] conta9+ absorb$ air4 ,if ?is be unmanageable1 ! easie/ ?+ to d is to dip ! pr9ts into me?ylat$ alcohol1 aft] leav+ ! ton+ ba?4 ,?is treatm5t removes ! siz+ f ! pap]1 & ! pr9ts appe> transluc5t :ile wet4 ,!y %\ld n[ be well wa%$2 any dis5gag$ air w !n be able to escape ?r\gh ! por\s body ( ! pap]4 ,x has be5 recomm5d$ to employ a l>ge *>coal filt] to absorb ! air or gases1 b1 l all filt]s1 x w require clean+ out1 & ! *>coal ne$s re-burn+4 ,a ^w on filt]s 9 conclusion4 ,! public pur*ase filt]s1 & imag9e t !y are to h pure wat]1 or cl>ifi$ solution1 = ev]more )\t tr\ble2 let !m be undeceiv$1 because :5 *>coal becomes saturat$ x mu/ be re-burn$ to re/ore its purify+ prop]ties4 ,f4 ,w4 ,,h>t1 ,f4,c4,s4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,collodio-,,bromide4 ,,9 la/ week's issue y\r idea ( comb9+ silv] ) a new base 9 ! collodio-bromide is s good t ,i ?9k x j z well to m5tion t ! v notion ( acetate ( silv] has be5 c>ri$ out by me a doz5 ye>s ago1 al?\gh 9 ano!r =m4 ,i made a collodion = wet-plate "w 9 :i* an iodide 0 us$ ) ab\t an equal "p ( acetate ( soda2 ! collodion 0 accel]at$ to su* a degree t my exposure 0 r$uc$ to ab\t a f\r? ( :at ,i w\ld h giv5 )\t ! acetate4 ,! plate develop$ beautifully & free f fog4 ,"h1 aga91 comes 9 ! law ( comp5sation2 my ?or\ghbr$ collodion 01 at ! end ( a doz5 h\rs1 z sl[ z a team ( ox51 z vitality seem$ to exp5d itself 9 "o c\p d'tat1 & ! second day x 0 capital----= clean+ plates4 ,a bromo-iodis$ collodion c\ld n be /imulat$ ) any su* ex]tion4 ,s9ce practis+ ! collodio-bromide process ,i h (t5 promis$ myself an exp]im5t 9 ?is direction2 b1 someh[ or o!r1 p>tly f my failure :5 bromide 0 9 ! collodion1 ! trial has end$ 9 ! int5tion only4 ,mr4 ,h5ry ,coop]'s success ) lactate ( ammonia has inspir$ me ) a /rong hope t collodio-bromide is to be ! p]fection ( 8ev]y?+ to be desir$0 9 dry-plate "w4 ,i am glad to le>n t ,col4 ,wortley has f\nd out ! conditions ( mak+ a bromis$ collodion :i* arrives at maturity )\t pass+ ?r\gh t infantile exi/5ce :i* ,i h always reg>d$ z unfav\rable to ! be/ results4 ,:5 ,i made ! /atem5t 9 y\r ,j\rnal1 x 0 f ! unit$ exp]i5ce ( all my collodio-bromide acqua9tances1 :i*1 if p9n$ toge!r1 w\ld1 9 respect ( m]e lapse ( "t1 ext5d ov] ! great] "p ( a c5tury4 ,al?\gh bromis$ collodion w give good results :5 fre%ly made1 ! developm5t ( ! image is almo/ a matt] ( physical =ce--m ammonia1 m silv]1 & su* l--9 ord] t ! excell5t pr9ts expect$ f y\r ex]tions may be sup]b inde$1 9 consequ5ce ( ! lab\r be/[$ on ! negative4 ,i d n condemn ,col4 ,wortley's mode ( work+1 = ,i h lately se5 "s ( 8 negatives possess+ ! v highe/ qualities atta9able by any process2 b1 9 support ( my own recomm5dation t ! collodion %\ld be left to rip5 z a means ( light5+ our lab\rs 9 ! d>k room1 ,i may /ate t = ov] two ye>s ,i nev] us$ silv] z an int5sifi]1 alkal9e developm5t giv+ me always ! "r d5sity1 & occasionally too mu*4 ,) an 8infant0 collodion silv] is ! only 8soo?+ syrup0 t af=ds n\ri%m5t to ! sickly image4 ,j4 ,w4 ,,g\gh4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,! ,,fad+ ,,( ,,m]cury-,,ton$ ,,transp>5cies4 ,,9 ! multitude ( c\nsellors !re is said to be wisdom4 ,?is may be true en\gh 9 ! ab/ract1 b 9 its special applications x may sometimes lead to bewild]m5t1 m p>ticul>ly if ! c\nsel ( "o ( ! 8multitude0 be diametrically oppos$ to t ( ano!r c\nsellor4 ,9 look+ ov] ! pages ( y\r useful ,ye>-,book & ,,almanac ,i f9d t ,mr4 ,brooks has some?+ to say 9 behalf ( a process t has ( late receiv$ "s rude words & r\gh treatm5t at ! h&s ( ! ,editors & o!rs1 ! process to :i* ,i ref] be+ ! ton+ ( transp>5cies by means ( m]cury4 ,z ,mr4 ,brooks has issu$ a great numb] ( photo-crayons ton$ ) ?is ag5t1 x w\ld appe> t he felt some:at uneasy at ! prospects ( _! fad+2 b he says--8,i n[ feel q decid$ t1 if ! picture be protect$ by a good v>ni%1 fad+ w n ensue :5 a picture is ?or\ghly ton$ ) m]cury40 ,let n ,mr4 ,brooks nor any "o else lay ?is flatt]+ unction to 8 s\l4 ,if v>ni% be ! gis :i* is tru/$ to w>d (f ! de/ructive effects ( fad+ f ! picture1 ,i w>n ^? int]e/$ f putt+ any tru/ 9 x2 = ,i h 9 my possession sev]al ( su* pictures v>ni%$ 9 ! mo/ faultless mann]1 ) v>ni% ( unexceptionable quality1 :i* h fad$ away into almo/ invisibility4 ,n[1 z ^! transp>5cies h be5 prep>$ by myself z well z by photograph]s ( recognis$ high position1 includ+ ! introduc] ( ! photo-crayon1 ,i believe t ,i am w>rant$ 9 assum+ t e requisite c>e has be5 tak5 bo? 9 ! ton+ & ! wa%+4 ,i am aw>e t x has be5 said t heat is an all-important elem5t 9 ! de/ruction ( a m]cury-ton$ glass picture1 & t f ?is cause ! lant]n pictures are peculi>ly liable to fade1 :]eas ^? n subject$ to heat w /&4 ,i regret to be compell$ to %att] ! prop t is rais$ f ?is basis to support ! /ability ( ! photo-crayon2 = 9 a s]ies ( two doz5 m]cury-ton$ lant]n pictures1 pur*as$ n mu* ov] two ye>s ago1 sev]al :i* h nev] be5 9 ! lant]n or expos$ to heat 9 any way h fad$ into wor?lessness4 ,i ?9k1 !re=e1 f :at ,i h said1 ! tru? ( :i* ! ,editors w atte/--see+ t ,i s5d !m h]e) sev]al specim5s--!re is only "o lesson to be drawn1 & x is ?is3--,above all ?+s1 z y value y\r reputation1 avoid ! use ( m]cury = ton+ ei!r lant]n transp>5cies or photo-crayon pictures la ,s>ony4 ,,don ,,quixote4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,notes ,,on ,,pass+ ,,ev5ts4 ,,by ,a ,,p]ipatetic ,,photograph]4 ,,! ,attractive ,*emical ,exp]im5ts = ,y\?ful ,read]s1 by ! ,editor ( ! ,,almanac1 & :i*1 ,i suppose1 0 8cr[d$ out0 ( t widely-circulat$ annual1 =ms a special k9d ( read+ t w prove attractive to old z well z y\?ful read]s2 = ,i believe ,i am q safe 9 affirm+ t *emical 8tricks0 are equally appreciat$ by old & "y4 ,i recollect att5d+ on "o occasion an ent]ta9m5t ( a v attractive nature1 :i* may be describ$ z foll[s3--,! lectur]1 hav+ plac$ on ! table sev]al glasses app>5tly q clean & empty1 proce$$ to fill !m f an ord9>y decant] full ( wat]2 fir/1 h[ev]1 ask+ ! audi5ce to "n ! liquors !y pref]r$4 ,suffice x to say t by reque/ ! glasses 7 respectively fill$ ) :at purport$ to be port1 %]ry1 :isky1 rum1 br&y1 & s =?4 ,:5 milk 0 ask$ =1 ! :ite fluid 0 imm$iately produc$2 s ) soda wat]1 :i* fizz$ & sp>kl$1 & ) g+] be]1 ! fro? ( :i* /ood /iff1 )\t subsid+4 ,"o g5tleman1 ana!matis+ ! temp]ance fluids1 ask$ = a glass ( some?+ hot & fi]y2 &1 9 response1 a glass 0 fill$ & f x issu$ flames ( fire4 ,z ! cle> glass decant] 0 fill$ ) wat] 9 ! pres5ce ( ! audi5ce ?is trick 0 r5d]$ m surpris+ ?an if an opaque bottle _h be5 employ$1 z is ! cu/om ) ! majority ( 8inexhau/ible bottle0 conjur]s4 ,z ?is is n writt5 = y\?ful read]s1 b = ^? :o are ev]yday read]s ( ! ,j\rnal1 ,i w pay a complim5t to _! *emical p]spicuity & assume t !y "k h[ ^! *anges took place4 ,h[ev]1 if ,i he> t ,i h assum$ too mu*1 ,i w next mon? give ! explanation ( ^! small *emical m>vels4 99 99 99 99 99 ,:o does n sympa?ise ) a 8,black-,c\ntry ,foto410 :o appe>s to ?9k t !re is no use 9 8 s5d+ portraits to ! ,london exhibition because he c't af=d to h 8 negatives work$ ^u to ! degree t seems requisite to p]mit ( successful competition8 ,if ! gossip t 0 indulg$ 9 by ! visitors to ! exhibition is to be cr$it$1 ! prep>+ ( ! portrait negatives ( "o amateur mu/ h be5 att5d$ ) no small co/2 = x 0 ass]t$ t he n only _h skill$ pr(essional aid1 b t ! negatives 7 h&$ ov] to a ret\*] to be dealt ) reg>dless ( exp5se4 ,:]e ,dives goes 9 = hon\rs ,laz>us has1 "u simil> circum/ances1 b small *ances ( success4 ,:5 specim5s f unt\*$ negatives are exhibit$ 7n necess>ily to ! exclusion ( pr9ts aft] t\*+71 !n w "s grumbl+ cease4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! ,s\? ,london ,photographic ,society has at la/ quitt$ its old qu>t]s 9 ! ,city ( ,london ,college & has remov$ to a m c5tral situation4 ,betwe5 ! conv5i5ce & elegance ( ,arundel ,hall & ! ,city ( ,london ,college !re is no comp>ison2 & ! removal ought to tell mo/ b5eficially ^u ! prospects ( ! society4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! communications already made to photographic societies ?is ye> indicate activity4 ,at ! rec5t meet+ ( ! ,london ,photographic ,society ,mr4 ,sawy] read a pap] on ,photography 9 ! ,pr9t+ ,press1 9 :i* he took occasion to discuss ! novelty ( ,mr4 ,edw>ds's process1 s f> z its pat5tability 0 conc]n$4 ,at ! mon?ly meet+ ( ! ,s\? ,london ,society !re 7 two pap]s--"o by ,mr4 ,dunmore1 on ,! ,cause & ,prev5tion ( ,bli/]s on ,album5is$ ,pap]1 ! o!r be+ by ,mr4 ,cr\ghton1 ,on ,photographic v]sus ,lit]al ,tru?4 ,9 ! =m] ! cause ( bli/]+ 0 alleg$ to be ! imp]fectly r5d]+ soluble ( ! "u surface ( ! album52 9 ! latt] 7! discussion on :i* is def]r$ till next meet+7 ! essayi/ spoke ( ! exagg]ations & di/ortions caus$ by us+ a %ort-focus l5s1 & he condemn$ ! p&]+ to human weakness display$ by a l>ge firm :o ow$ its success to ! am\nt ( flatt]y be/[$ ^u its cu/om]s by ! inord9ate use ( ret\*+4 ,at ! meet+ ( ! ,ed9burgh ,photographic ,society a resum ( ! progress ( ! pa/ ye> 0 giv5 by ,dr4 ,nicol1 :o is ( op9ion t ! conv]sion ( a di/ort+ l5s into a non-di/ort+ "o is an improvem5t ( d\btful value--an op9ion 9 :i* ! g5]ality ( photograph]s w sc>cely co9cide4 ,! ,man*e/] ,photographic ,society _h a pap] by ,mr4 ,coote ,on ! ,good ,keep+ ,qualities ( ,collodio-,album5 ,plates betwe5 ,exposure & ,developm5t4 ,x is an un=tunate ?+ t _m dry plates1 aft] exposure1 d n reta9 ! lat5t image2 h5ce ! necessity = develop+ z quickly z possible aft] ! cam]a has effect$ its portion ( ! "w4 ,z a type ( processes ( ?is k9d ! tann9 may be m5tion$1 :e!r ?is sub/ance be us$ z a pres]vative 9 ! silv] ba? or ! emulsion me?ods4 ,mr4 ,coote develop$ successfully a collodio-album5 plate :i* _h be5 kept = m ?an two ye>s aft] be+ expos$4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,transalp9e ,,photography4 ,i ,,_h be5 out ( sorts all ! spr+2 my bus9ess engagem5ts _h kept me long] ?an usual 9 t[n1 & prev5t$ my gett+ a little relaxation4 ,x 0 n until ! end ( ,augu/ ,i 0 able to put into execution a long-contemplat$ visit to "s relatives 9 ,italy1 & try :at *ange ( air & a holiday w\ld d = me4 ,s away we />t$--a p>ty ( f\r1 my wife & two ladies "u my *>ge--& arm$ ) ,cook's tickets we made our way via ,ne:av5 to ,p>is1 :i* we rea*$ late at night4 ,next day1 z our tra9 = ,italy did n leave till ! ev5+1 we w&]$ ab\t ,p>is1 visit+ ! sad sc5es ( ,communi/ic de/ruction4 ,pl5ty ( photographs 9 e %op illu/rative ( ! wret*$ deva/ation :i* 0 visible on all sides4 ,9 a place l ,p>is !re 0 ( c\rse all qualities1 %apes1 & sizes2 &1 9 addition to s\v5irs ( ! ru9$ public build+s1 !re 7 to be b\ght a great v>iety purport+ to be fai?ful repres5tations ( ! ev5ts ( ! siege1 su* z b>ricades1 executions1 /reets ) dead bodies ly+ 9 !m1 & s =?4 ,^!1 x is ne$less to say1 7 fictiti\s1 c>efully-arrang$ tableaux1 b t]ribly natural1 & gre$ily b\ght by t\ri/s1 ! great] portion ( :om nev] = "o mom5t que/ion$ ! reality ( ! repres5tation4 ,at night we />t$ f ! ,lyons /ation = our long-?r\gh j\rney ov] ,mont ,c5is1 = ! tunnel 0 n yet complete4 ,by morn+ we 7 travell+ ?r\gh ! lovely sc5]y f ,*amb]y to ,/4 ,mi*el1 ! comm5cem5t ( ! ,fell railway ov] ! m\nta94 ,"h !re is a spl5did field = ! photographic arti/1 &1 s f> z ,i c\ld discov]1 hi!rto unwork$4 ,z ! railway w\nd its tortu\s way amid/ ! *>m+ m\nta9 sc5]y ! l&scape *ang$ at e turn--bridges1 cottages1 foliage ( e v>iety1 riv]s1 brooks1 & torr5ts com+ into view e in/ant4 ,"h a photograph] might sp5d weeks )\t exhau/+ ! ri* field = 8 cam]a4 ,at ?ree o'clock ,/4 ,mi*el 0 rea*$1 & aft] "s inexplicable delay--:i*1 h[ev]1 gave u ! opportunity ( mak+ a com=table d9n]--we *ang$ f ! ord9>y l9e ( railway to ! special n>r[-gauge c>riages on ! ,fell sy/em = cross+ ! m\nta94 ,a gr& j\rney x is--zigzagg+ ov] ! /eep asc5t1 ?r\gh sc5]y ( *>m+ & v>i$ "*6 ,?is ,fell sy/em has be5 s (t5 describ$ ,i %all =be> to say m ab\t x1 except t x contra/$ v fav\rably bo? 9 "t & com=t ) ! old dilig5ce j\rney ,i _h und]gone "s ye>s be=e ov] ! same r\te4 ,f our delay 9 />t+ we got to ! o!r side ( ! m\nta9 j 9 "t to miss ! la/ tra9 = ,tur91 :i* we _h ! satisfaction to see leav+ ! /ation z we ent]$ x4 ,?is involv$ our /opp+ at ,susa = ! night2 &1 ( all wret*$1 mis]able places1 comm5d me to ,susa4 ,nobody /ops !re :o c get away4 ,x 0 elev5 at night1 & we _h be5 travell+ ev] s9ce #h4dj ! previ\s ev5+4 ,tell+ ! port] to take u to ! be/ hotel1 away we trudg$1 only too glad to take advantage ( any re/+-place = ! night we c\ld get--a regul> old-fa%ion$ ,italian hotel1 ! entry ?r\gh ! kit*51 & ! l[] "p ( :i*1 built r\nd a c\rty>d1 0 devot$ to ! horses1 c[s1 & pigs--v picturesque1 no d\bt1 b1 z may be easily imag9$1 any?+ b sav\ry 9 ! way ( sc5t4 ,! next morn+ we explor$ ! t[n1 :i*1 ?\gh small1 is ! seat ( a bi%opric4 ,x conta9s pl5ty ( qua9t bits ( build+s1 :i* w\ld make good food = ! cam]a1 b n a photograph did ,i see = sale4 ,z soon z breakfa/ 0 ov] we set (f = ,milan1 be+ anxi\s to rea* t city1 z we expect$ "s ( our family to meet u !re4 ,?is involv$ our miss+ ,tur91 ! sc5]y ar\nd :i* is well wor? ! photograph]'s att5tion1 z ,i "k ( old1 ?\gh ! city itself has no feature ( int]e/ to ! arti/4 ,at ,milan we met ) pl5ty ( photographs ( ! ,tur9 sc5]y1 b1 l ! re/ ( ! photographs to be se5 9 ! %ops z s\v5irs ( ^! places ( a v inf]ior "*4 ,at ,milan1 ?\gh !re are sev]al good portraiti/s1 ! views ( ! place & surr\nd+s are ( a v inf]ior quality4 ,%op aft] %op we visit$ 9 ! hope ( gett+ a pres5table view ( ! wondr\s ca!dral1 b n "o c\ld ,i succe$ 9 obta9+ :i* w\ld be wor? hav+4 ,9 =m] days1 no d\bt1 !re 0 consid]able difficulty 9 manag+ to get to a suffici5t di/ance = a good po9t ( view1 & wide-angle l5ses 7 n to be _h4 ,n[1 h[ev]1 t ! ,milan ,improvem5ts ,company h cle>$ a broad space 9 front1 ?is difficulty has be5 remov$2 b !re seems no "o :o kn[s h[ to take advantage ( x4 ,sw+ backs appe> to be unkn[n1 & e view is wret*$ly di/ort$ ) conv]g+ p]p5dicul>s--if su* a phrase be admissible--ow+ to ! tilt+ ( ! cam]a4 ,aft] sp5d+ a few days at ,milan we />t$ to visit my elde/ son1 resid5t 9 a small ,lomb>d t[n (f ! ma9 track ( ! railway1 :]e he1 z a civil eng9e]1 0 sup]9t5d+ ! con/ruction ( "s irrigation works4 ,"h we /ay$ "s days1 see+ some?+ ( g5u9e ,italian peasant or f>m] life1 :i* ! ord9>y t\ri/ sees no?+ (4 ,a primitive life x is4 ,! f>m] or peasant gr[s 8 own hemp or flax1 & /eeps x 9 "o ( ! num]\s /reams t are l$ ?r\gh ! place4 ,x is !n beat5 or rubb$ out ) ! h&1 ! wom5 specially jo9+ 9 ?is lab\r1 & aft]w>ds sp9n+ x ) ! di/aff4 ,:5 spun x is wov5 9 a primitive h&loom into l95 = h\sehold use2 or x is made into ropes by means equally primitive 9 _! arrangem5t4 ,all ^! w\ld =m num]\s int]e/+ gr\ps & bits = ! photograph]1 & t\ri/s w\ld gladly pur*ase if !y c\ld get ^! s\v5irs ( ! peasant 9 8 picturesque co/ume engag$ 9 ^! v>i\s occupations1 /&+ at ! door ( ! tumble-d[n cottage1 or driv+ 8 peculi> c>t4 ,! c\ntry is "o va/ flat1 & x is only ! p & _! dwell+s t af=d any food = ! photograph]1 b ^! are well wor? record+4 ,to d ?is1 h[ev]1 ! arti/ mu/ leave ! beat5 track1 & he w ne$ "s en?usiasm = 8 "w to make him put up ) ! wret*$ accommodation he w meet ) 9 8 c\ntry t\r4 ,we1 inde$1 7 =tunate 9 n hav+ to avail ourselves ( ?is1 /ay+ 9 v com=table qu>t]s ) our relative4 ,! heat 0 excessive--s mu* s1 t ! navvies engag$ on ! canal con/ruction work$ all b nak$1 we>+ no?+ b a %irt4 ,aft] a few days' /ay1 mu* int]e/$ 9 all we saw1 we rejo9$ ! railway & sp$ on our way to ,arona1 /eam$ along ! %ore ( ,lago ,maggiore to ,pallanza1 :5ce we travell$ along ! great ,simplon r\te to a village :]e ano!r son resid$1 :o is connect$ ) ! gold m9es ( t di/rict4 ,"h we took up our abode1 mak+ excursions up ! ,val ,ansasca to ! foot ( ,monte ,rosa1 & visit+ ! v>i\s ,italian lakes1 pass+ f "o place to ano!r on _! %ores1 sometimes 9 r[+ boats1 sometimes 9 /eam]s1 & sometimes by c>riage4 ,9 ?is way we pass$ ?r\gh sc5es ( lake & m\nta9 to :i* no photograph] t we c\ld meet ) _h done ju/ice4 ,at e place we /opp$ !re 7 pl5ty ( photographs (f]$ to ! t\ri/1 f ! humble c>te-de-visite size to ! m pret5ti\s #ab by #aj1 b n "o did ,i see t 0 wor? hav+4 ,l&scape photography seems n to be und]/ood by ! ,italians4 ,!y seem to set ! cam]a d[n any:]e1 )\t any consid]ation = picturesque effect--no judgm5t :atev] ex]cis$ z to light & %ade1 & ! result is a h>d black & :ite picture ) a clean :ite pap] sky1 :olly devoid ( any?+ l arti/ic effect4 ,:at w\ld n a ,wilson or an ,engl& effect "h6 ,i wi% !y :o h done s mu* = ,scotl& & ,switz]l& c\ld be p]suad$ to cross ! ,alps & give u ! b5efit ( _! lab\rs 9 ^! *>m+ sc5es4 ,surely x w\ld answ] _! purpose to sp5d "s mon?s 9 ^! p>ts4 ,i c promise !m1 9 addition to sc5]y ( surpass+ beauty & v>iety1 good hotels & n exp5sive1 ) ! means ( locomotion easy & *eap4 ,if ! =ego+ l9es %\ld induce !m or "s o!r compet5t arti/s to pay a visit to ^! regions1 ,i %all1 ,i hope1 h done "s s]vice to photography & ! diffusion ( art4 ,p4 ,,le ,,neve ,,fo/]1 ,m4,a41 ,cantab4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,! ,,e>s ,,& ,,?umbs ,,( ,,cont5tion4 ,,:o t has read ! graphic acc\nt ( ! great div]sity ( %apes & *>act]i/ics ( e>s giv5 by ,mr4 ,o4 ,g4 ,rejl&] 9 ,,! ,,briti% ,,j\rnal ,,photographic ,,almanac w n feel an int]e/ 9 ?is topic8 ,:o1 once m1 t has read ! evid5ce 9 ! ,ti*borne trial1 giv5 9 our numb] = ,decemb] #bb1 by ,colonel ,/u>t ,wortley1 ,mr4 ,savage1 & ,mr4 ,j4 ,t4 ,taylor1 w n feel "s int]e/ 9 ?umbs8 ,on bo? ( ^! topics ! ,attorney-,g5]al enl>g$ at mu* l5g? 9 8 spee* on ,tuesday la/4 ,respect+ ! =m] subject--t ( ! e>s--! ,attorney-,g5]al said3--,i come n[ to ano!r memb] ( ! body ^u :i* we h _h a good deal ( evid5ce4 ,if ! evid5ce y h got be=e y be true1 ! claimant & ,rog] ,ti*borne _c be ! same4 ,t is my argum5t ^u ! "q z to 8 e>s4 ,we h got unusually full & di/9ct pro( ab\t ! e>s1 & ,i'll demon/rate to y t !y _c be ! same on ! e>s alone4 ,n[1 ! e>s are n s unimportant z "s p may be incl9$ to make out1 al?\gh1 ,i d>e say1 my le>n$ fri5d w by-&-by treat ! e>s ) summ>y contempt4 ,fir/ ( all1 ,m',cann di/9ctly recognises him by 8 e>s among/ o!r ?+s4 ,!n we f9d t ,mr4 ,baig5t 9 8 affidavit said some?+ ^u ! same subject3--8,i !n left ) ,mr4 ,holmes1 & accompani$ him to ! ,swan ,hotel4 ,on ent]+ ! l>ge room fac+ ! /reet ,i saw ! pla9tiff1 :om ,i recognis$ in/antly z ! elde/ son ( ! late ,sir ,james ,d\ghty ,ti*borne1 :om ,i =m]ly s well knew4 ,8 eyes1 ! upp] "p ( 8 head1 & 8 e>s 7 unmi/akable1 & 8 voice _h q an effect ^u me1 & 0 alone q en\gh to conv9ce me40 ,at ?is "t1 :5 ,mr4 ,baig5t made 8 affidavit1 he knew no?+ ab\t ! ,*ili photographs4 ,he probably knew no?+ ab\t ei!r ( !m2 c]ta9ly n ( ! "o 9 ! case produc$ "h4 ,^! ,*ili dagu]reotypes 7 9 due "t prov$ 9 ! case to be good & true lik5esses ( ! real ,rog] ,ti*borne1 & we h ,rog] ,ti*borne's own lett] ^u ! subject describ+ h[ !y 7 tak54 ,he s5t "o1 z y may rememb]1 to ,lady ,d\ghty1 & "o to ,sir ,james & ,lady ,ti*borne4 ,f9d+ t !y 7 au!ntic & good lik5esses1 & kn[+ ?is at ! "t :5 he came to be exam9$ 7he himself hav+ said 9 8 affidavit t he recognis$ ! pla9tiff by 8 e>s71 & f9d+ t ! dagu]reotypes w\ld n suit ! e>s !ory1 ,mr4 ,baig5t1 9 8 cross-exam9ation1 turns r\nd ^u ! dagu]reotypes & tries to discr$it & ?r[ dirt ^u !m1 kn[+ full well1 if !y 7 to be dep5d$ ^u1 ! e>s ( ,rog] ,ti*borne & ?is man c\ld n be ! e>s ( ! same p]sons4 ,he is acute en\gh to see t1 & s :5 he is exam9$ he turns r\nd ^u ! dagu]reotypes4 ,he says x 0 a badly-=m$ e>2 b ,sir ,william ,f]gusson1 on ! o!r h&1 said x 0 a l>ge e>1 b rem>kably h&some4 ,he 0 %[n ! photograph at ?is po9t1 & ask$ :e!r ! e> z x !re appe>$ repres5t$ ! e> ( ,rog] ,ti*borne1 & he said he ?\ght n4 ,! cross-exam9ation goes on to say3--8,! position 9 ! photograph is n su* z to give a good idea ( ! e>4 ,is ?is dagu]reotype a fair repres5tation ( ,rog] ,ti*borne z y la/ saw him8--,x is a v poor repres5tation ( him4 ,i don't speak ( x z a "w ( art1 ,mr4 ,baig5t1 b does x fai?fully repres5t ! features1 to ! be/ ( y\r recollection8--,i d n consid] x a fai?ful or good portrait4 ,does x fai?fully repres5t ! features8--,no1 x does n give y a fai?ful repres5tation ( ! man z he 04 ,i _c say1 b x is some?+ l him1 b x is a v poor ?+4 ,is !re any mi/ak+ x8--,oh1 x is ov]-sol>is$1 burnt out1 & ev]y?+ else4 ,is x a picture y c\ld look at )\t kn[+ x 0 int5d$ = ,sir ,rog] ,ti*borne8--,y mu/ look at x two or ?ree times be=e y c make x out4 ,does x repres5t ! e>8--,x does n convey an idea ( ! e> ( ,rog] ,ti*borne40 ,at ?is "t ,mr4 ,baig5t knew p]fectly well :at we 7 go+ to say ab\t ! e>s4 ,at ?is /age ( 8 cross-exam9ation !re 0 an adj\rnm5t1 & :5 he comes back into ! box he is que/ion$ fur!r ab\t ! o!r dagu]reotype1 & he !n said nei!r ( ! pictures gave a repres5tation ( ,rog] ,ti*borne's e>s4 ,he ?r[s dirt1 y see1 on ! dagu]reotypes1 b he ass]ts !y %[ ! same sort ( e> t ! claimant n[ has4 ,b my le>n$ fri5d call$ ,colonel ,/u>t ,wortley4 ,we are told he is a great au?ority 9 matt]s ( photographs4 ,x is no "p ( my duty to dispute t4 ,i am n aw>e ( x2 b ,i h no d\bt he kn[s m ab\t photographs ?an ,mr4 ,baig5t4 ,b ,colonel ,wortley v likely did n "k ( ?is po9t ab\t ! e>s4 ,! ,"l ,*ief ,ju/ice1 9 ! c\rse ( ! cross-exam9ation1 said3--8,i %\ld call y\r att5tion to ?is3 t x has be5 sugge/$ t ! lobe ( ! e> might h ext5d$ bel[ ! junction1 & t a diff]5t effect is produc$ by "s defect ( ! light4 ,d y f9d indications ( t80 ,colonel ,wortley1 9 reply to ?is "q1 said he did n ?9k !re 0 any su* indication4 ,we h1 g5tlem51 got ?us f>4 ,! e> is a v important "q4 ,we h got ,mr4 ,baig5t fir/ ( all mak+ importance ( x 9 8 affidavit1 & we h got o!r witnesses :o d ! same4 ,we h got x t ,mr4 ,baig5t at t "t did n "k ( ! exi/5ce ( ^! ,*ili photographs1 & t :5 he did "k ab\t !m he said two ?+s--fir/1 t !y 7 v bad1 & n to be dep5d$ ^u z lik5esses2 & next1 t !y %[$ ! dep5d5t e> ( ! claimant4 ,colonel ,/u>t ,wortley is call$ on ! same side z an au?ority1 & he says !y are to be dep5d$ ^u1 & d n %[ t ^u :i* ,mr4 ,baig5t insi/s4 ,t is s f> z we h got 9 ! great e> "q1 & by y\r leave we w "h break (f = our usual adj\rnm5t4 ,! adj\rnm5t "h took place accord+ly4 ,let me say1 g5tlem51 ,i q feel--& ,i am afraid ,i may h %[n t ,i feel--! t$ium ( ?is "p ( ! case2 b if ,i am "r x is ! mo/ important "p ( ! case ( all4 ,?is ought to be conclusive1 because y may argue ab\t m9d & memory1 b if ! body be n ! same !re is practically an end ( ! case4 ,pray don't suppose ,i sugge/ t y are n ! k9de/ ( li/5]s4 ,i d no?+ ( ! k9d4 ,i am only apologis+ = appe>+ to take up "t 9 app>5tly small matt]s1 b if !y are really made out to y\r satisfaction !y are ( enorm\s importance 9 ! consid]ation ( ! case4 ,if ,i %[ t ! e>s ( ! pla9tiff _c be ^? ( ! real ,rog]2 if ,i aft]w>ds prove1 z ,i hope to be able to d by o!r features1 an utt] physical irreconcilability betwe5 ! two p]sons1 y w f9d t !re is an end ( ! claimant's case4 ,well1 z ,i h po9t$ out1 ,mr4 ,baig5t1 = reasons t ,i !n expla9$1 attempt$ to ?r[ discr$it on ! dagu]reotypes1 ?\gh ,colonel ,wortley has di/9ctly accr$it$ !m4 ,:5 t fail$ ! next ?+ ! pla9tiff's advis]s tri$ to d 0 to %[ t 8 e>s _h1 9 po9t ( fact1 alt]$4 ,accord+ to _! pres5t %ape x mu/ be admitt$ t !y are n l ! e>s ( ,rog] 9 #ahed4 ,! dagu]reotypes prove ?is mu*1 s !y _h to fall back on ! !ory ( ! e>s hav+ alt]$4 ,! p]sons exam9$ to su/a9 ?is po9t 7 ,dr4 ,su!rl&1 ,mr4 ,canton1 & ,sir ,william ,f]gusson4 ,i %all ref] to ,mr4 ,canton's evid5ce fir/4 ,he is ask$ :e!r he notic$ ! e>s at all1 & he answ]$ t he did4 ,bo? _h ?is peculi>ity--t !y 7 unusually l>ge & ! lobes 7 p5d5t4 ,! re/ ( ! e>s 0 well =m$1 & !n--8,does any portion ( ! e> *ange ) age8--,! sk9 cov]+ ! c>tilage becomes m firmly adh]5t1 & ! lobe ( ! e> 9 ^? :o get lean 9 old age becomes less4 ,suppos+ a p]son gradually increas$ 9 size1 :at w\ld be ! result8--,! lobe ( ! e> w\ld be increas$ also if ! increas$ size ( ! e> 0 due to fat4 ,w\ld ! e> become m p5d5t8--,z x w\ld become *ang$ ) fat ! e> w\ld increase 9 all directions except above4 ,a ,juror3 ,does ! e> lay 9 fat 9 common ) o!r p>ts ( ! body8--,z fat increases 9 o!r p>ts ( ! body1 s x w\ld be 9 ! lobes ( ! e>4 ,9 ?is case ,i saw fat *eeks1 & expect$ to see fat lobes40 ,mr4 ,canton does n say :e!r ! lobes w\ld *ange 9 "*1 or :e!r !y w\ld become adh]5t or non-adh]5t2 b he says t on t "p ( ! lobe :i* is n c>tilag9\s fat w\ld gr[1 z ,i suppose x w\ld4 ,i did n cross-exam9e ?is witness1 because he did n say any?+ x 0 necess>y to *all5ge1 & because ,i _h got all ,i want$ f ,sir ,william ,f]gusson4 ,he1 !re=e1 left ! matt] v mu* :]e "o's s5se w\ld leave x1 & does n come to ! po9t at all4 ,! ,judge--,he says 8 att5tion 0 only call$ to ! claimant's e> ! day be=e4 ,! ,attorney-,g5]al 7ass5t+7--,b ,sir ,william ,f]gusson1 exam9$ & cross-exam9$1 goes mu* fur!r 9 ! matt]3--8,is !re any?+ y recollect z a peculi>ity8--,v rec5tly1 ab\t ! lobes ( ! e>4 ,:at 0 t peculi>ity8--,! lobe 0 mu* l>g] ?an is ! case ) mo/ p4 ,! ,"l ,*ief ,ju/ice3 ,9 :at way l>g]8--,witness3 ,x 0 broad] & s(t] to ! t\* ?an is common4 ,! ,attorney-,g5]al3 ,d !y dep5d mu* or adh]e8--,!y dep5d s mu* t !y /rike "o at once4 ,:5 y say dep5d1 :at d y mean8--,!y hang d[n4 ,bel[ ! junction ) ! side ( ! face1 d y mean8--,yes1 !y hang d[n4 ,are !y free8--,yes1 !y are free4 ,!y are big lobes1 h&some1 & v conspicu\s4 ,!y are1 h[ev]1 big1 & _m p w\ld object to !m on t acc\nt4 ,0 !re any?+ to %[ :e!r !y 7 9 a natural or unnatural condition8--,decid$ly 9 a natural condition4 ,d y ?9k any pull+ w\ld h produc$ ! condition 9 :i* y saw ! lobes ( ! pla9tiff's e>s8--,no2 ,i ?9k n40 ,!n 9 cross-exam9ation by ! jury1 ! witness 0 ask$ :e!r he ?\ght a great increase 9 ! bulk ( ! body g5]ally w\ld h affect$ ! size ( ! e>s1 & :at 0 ,sir ,wm4 ,f]gusson's answ]8 ,he said1 ,no2 & t x 0 a r>e ?+ = fat to be deposit$ on ! e>--9 fact1 nev]2 b we sometimes saw tum\rs 9 t locality1 :i* he1 h[ev]1 expla9$ 7 v diff]5t ?+s f fat--s di/9ct1 9 fact1 t x 0 impossible to mi/ake ! "o = ! o!r4 ,sir ,william ,f]gusson1 !re=e1 diff]s f ,mr4 ,canton ab\t ! matt] ( fat on ! e>s4 ,mr4 ,canton says t fat is deposit$ on ! e> :]e x is n c>tilag9\s & does n adh]e to ! *eek or side ( ! face2 b ,sir ,william ,f]gusson says1 8,no1 x is a r>e ?+ = fat to be deposit$ on ! e>2 9 fact1 nev]1 ,i may say40 ,9 effect1 ,sir ,w4 ,f]gusson says !re is no appe>ance ( any trick or pull+ ! e>s hav+ be5 practis$1 & !re=e ! fair conclusion is t :at he saw 9 #ahga he w\ld h se5 on ! same e> 9 #ahed1 & !re ,i mu/ leave x4 ,dr4 ,su!rl& is !n call$ & exam9$ ab\t ! e>s3--8,0 y\r att5tion call$ to 8 e>s8--,yes4 ,:58--,on ! #i? ( ,novemb]4 ,w\ld y agree ) ,sir ,w4 ,f]gusson t ! pla9tiff's e>s are l>ge1 well-=m$ & unusually p5d5t8--,yes4 ,are !y :at y w\ld call decid$ly & di/9ctly deta*$ e>s8--,decid$ly4 ,are !re "s e>s :i* are p]fectly lobeless8--,no d\bt4 ,& o!rs 9 :i* ! lobe is deta*$8--,yes4 ,d y agree ) ,sir ,w4 ,f]gusson t if a man has a lobeless e> x nev] becomes p5d5t8--,i %\ld ?9k x w\ld n4 ,& anatomically y w\ld say t if a man has ! "o k9d ( e> x nev] becomes ! o!r8--,decid$ly40 ,y ?us p]ceive t ,dr4 ,su!rl& c>ries ! matt] a /ep fur!r1 & he says t !re are = g5]al purposes two classes ( e>s4 ,8 op9ion is1 he says1 & also 8 exp]i5ce1 t an e> once atta*$ nev] becomes deta*$ & dep5d5t4 ,s f> ! sci5tific evid5ce4 ,!re are two m$ical g5tlem5 on our side--,mr4 ,seym\r ,had51 & ,mr4 ,b]n>d ,holt--:o1 z y w rememb]1 saw ! pla9tiff :5 ! re/ ( u saw him1 & !y w tell y t ,dr4 ,su!rl& is p]fectly "r 9 say+ t a dep5d5t e> nev] does come out ( an atta*$ "o1 & t ,sir ,william ,f]gusson is "r 9 say+ t sub/antially ! e> rema9s ! same all ?r\gh life4 ,take ! ,*ili dagu]reotypes & comp>e !m ) ! photographs ( ! claimant4 ,9 ! ,*ili dagu]reotypes ( ! real ,rog] ,ti*borne1 :i* ,col4 ,wortley says are = ?is purpose to be dep5d$ ^u1 y w f9d t ! e>s are di/9ctly adh]+1 b 9 all ! photographs ( ! claimant :]e ! e> is %[n ! e> is di/9ctly n adh]+ to ! face4 ,take ! uncontradict$ evid5ce t ! "o class ( e> nev] becomes ! o!r class ( e>1 & draw = y\rselves ! conclusion4 ,! e>s ( ! real ,rog] 7 ( ! "o k9d1 ! e>s ( ! claimant are ( ! o!r1 & z x is n contradict$ or disput$ t ! e>s nev] *ange1 x is pla9 t !y are n ! e>s ( ! same man4 ,!re=e1 ! two sets ( e>s belong to two diff]5t p]sons1 & t is my case4 ,!re=e1 g5tlem51 if y h no objection1 ,i %\ld l y to pause = a mom5t1 & look at ! photographs--fir/1 ! ,*ili photograph ( ,rog] ,ti*borne1 & !n "o ( ! photographs tak5 ( ! claimant s9ce 8 return f ,au/ralia4 ,! ,=eman--,if y wi% x1 ,mr4 ,attorney-,g5]al1 ( c\rse we w d s ) ! greate/ pleasure2 b ! po9t is s ?or\ghly be=e e "o ( u t we really d n ?9k x is necess>y4 ,if y rememb]1 ! po9t 0 rais$ by u 9 ! fir/ in/ance1 & x is mo/ cle>ly be=e u n[4 ,! ,attorney-,g5]al--,v well1 g5tlem54 ,t is s1 & ,i am v glad y see ! po9t ^u :i* ,i insi/4 ,!re w !re=e be no ne$ = me to sp5d any m "t ab\t x1 = we h pl5ty to d yet4 ,s mu*1 !n1 = ! e>s4 ,! next po9t we come to is ! h&s 9 g5]al4 ,i h little to say ab\t !m1 b !n we come to a mo/ important "p ( ! "q1 "o :i* my le>n$ fri5d ) great solemnity said m ?an once he ?\ght 0 ( ! greate/ importance--t is ! "q ( ! ?umb4 ,& ,i ask y\r att5tion to ! way 9 :i* ?is has aris51 & ! *>ge made 9 connection ) x4 ,x is ! ?umb ( ! left h&4 ,y saw ! pla9tiff 9 ! box4 ,y saw him = a t]ribly long "t--= _m days4 ,did y ev] see 8 left h& unglov$8 ,n[1 ,i ask y t "q4 ,_h he n always got a glove on 8 left h&8 ,did y ev] see 8 left ?umb8 ,t ! habit ( ! man 0 to sit ) a glove on ! left h& ,i am q c]ta91 & ,i believe he always did x4 ,! case w5t on some?+ l sev5ty days be=e we he>d a ^w ab\t ! ?umb1 & ! fir/ we he>d ab\t x 0 9 ! re-exam9ation ( ,mr4 ,baig5t4 ,x is rem>kable ! t]ms 9 :i* he introduc$ x1 & ! t]ms 9 :i* ! *>ge is made1 & ! p]sons aga9/ :om x 0 made4 8,att5d to me c>efully10 says ,mr4 ,s]jeant ,ballant9e2 87 ! photographs %[n tak5 f ! dagu]reotype80 8,yes1 !y 740 8,has ! dagu]reotype be5 9 any way alt]$ s9ce x 0 tak580 & he answ]s1 8,yes1 c]ta9ly2 x has be5 tamp]$ )40 ,!n he is ask$1 8,y say x has be5 tamp]$ )2 :at has be5 done ) x80 & 8 reply 01 8,! ?umb & ! great] "p ( ! h& has be5 smudg$ out40 ,n[ t is ! fir/ "t 9 ! case t any?+ 0 said ab\t ! ?umb4 ,! ,"l ,*ief ,ju/ice !n ask$ by :om ! photograph 0 produc$1 :5 ,mr4 ,s]jeant ,ballant9e said1 8,y may take x t x has ?r\gh\t be5 9 ! possession ( ! def5dants40 ,! ,"l ,*ief ,ju/ice rem>k$1 8,i always ?\ght x 0 produc$ by ! ,c\rt ( ,*anc]y40 ,! witness1 h[ev]1 said1 8,no1 x 0 produc$ by ,mr4 ,b[k]40 ,! ,"l ,*ief ,ju/ice !n ask$ :e!r x 0 meant to be sugge/$ t x _h be5 alt]$ s9ce ! adj\rnm5t1 & my le>n$ fri5d ass5ts to t4 ,!n ,mr4 ,baig5t1 9 answ] to a "q1 says--8,my belief is t x 0 n 9 ! same /ate z x is n[ "s few days aft] ! fir/ trial comm5c$ la/ ,may0--s t !re is no d\bt t my le>n$ fri5d & ,mr4 ,baig5t bo? meant to impute t ?is dagu]reotype _h be5 tamp]$ ) by ! def5dants s9ce ! trial began 9 ,may4 ,mr4 ,baig5t fur!r says--8,i don't pl$ge my oa? to t4 ,t is my impression4 ,i did n notice x4 ,i c]ta9ly %\ld h notic$ x ,i believe40 ,!n ,i say1 8,z ,i und]/ood x1 x may be tak5 z a fact t x comes f ,mr4 ,b[k]'s possession1 & x %\ld also be tak5 z a fact t f ,mr4 ,b[k] x 0 h&$ 91 & has be5 9 ! possession ( ! ,c\rt ev] s9ce40 ,!n ,mr4 ,s]jeant ,ballant9e says--8,de die 9 diem x has be5 9 ! possession ( ,mr4 ,b[k] ev] s9ce40 ,d n let u h any mi/ake ab\t x4 ,i don't ?9k my le>n$ fri5d c say t ,i h n dealt fairly by him 9 call+ y\r att5tion to ?is matt]4 ,baig5t makes a *>ge aga9/ ! attorney 9 ! cause ( hav+ tamp]$ ) ?is dagu]reotype s9ce ! #f? ( ,may4 ,if ,engli% words mean any?+1 !y mean t my le>n$ fri5d says--8,!re h be5 sugge/ions aga9/ e human be+ 9 ! case produc$ on ! "p ( ! pla9tiff40 ,i d n "k :at he means by t4 8,i %all n %r9k f any imputation40 ,nobody has sugge/$ x ( my le>n$ fri5d4 ,c]ta9ly n4 8,if !re is any gr\nd = a *>ge ,i w n hesitate to make x10 & !n ,i say1 ) p]haps a sup]flu\s int]position1 8,( t ,i am q c]ta940 ,n[1 :at is our answ]8 ,9 ! fir/ place1 t ,mr4 ,b[k] _h himself multipli$ copies f ! unalt]$ dagu]reotype--t he _h himself giv5 ! unalt]$ dagu]reotype#a to ,mr4 ,savage1 at ,w9*e/]1 :o _h multipli$ photographs f x by scores & fifties1 & t 9 e "o ( ! positives f 8 negatives ! ?umb or h& rema9$ exactly z x 0 9 ! dagu]reotype f :i* x 0 orig9ally /ruck (f long be=e ! beg9n+ ( ! trial4 ,our fir/ answ] !n 0 ?is3--8,y accuse ,mr4 ,b[k] ( hav+ tamp]$ ) an orig9al1 ! orig9al /ate ( :i* he _h secur$ beyond all possibility ( d\bt by himself multiply+ copies ( x4 ,no man 9 8 s5ses c\ld h be5 su* a fool z to mutilate a ?+ ! diff]5t /ate ( :i* he _h already put beyond all d\bt & "q40 ,our second answ] 03--8,t1 f ! "t ( ! trial1 or1 at all ev5ts1 f ! "t ( ! adj\rnm5t to ! "t x 0 said to be tamp]$ )1 ,mr4 ,b[k] _h no control ov] x4 ,!re 7 two boxes1 ( :i* ,mr4 ,b[k] _h ! key ( ! small "o1 conta9+ ! dagu]reotype1 b t small box 0 enclos$ 9 a l>g] "o1 ( :i* ,mr4 ,dob9son _h ano!r & a diff]5t key1 & nei!r ( ^! g5tlem5 c\ld get at ! dagu]reotype )\t ! cons5t ( ! o!r4 ,! l>ge box 0 nev] op5$ f ! "t x 0 lock$ up to ! "t x 0 produc$ "h aga91 & !re=e x is practically impossible t ,mr4 ,b[k] c\ld h _h any?+ to d ) mutilat+ or int]f]+ ) x40 ,our answ]1 !n1 0 complete & ov]:elm+--we did n "k :at 0 ! cause ( ! disappe>ance ( ! ?umb4 ,t x 0 n 9 ! same /ate 9 :i* x 0 :5 photographs 7 tak5 f x appe>$ by ! production ( ! dagu]reotypes & photographs2 b :5 ! *ange took place & h[ x took place we _h n ! lea/ idea4 ,we made inquiries & nobody c\ld tell u4 8,we 7 n 9 full =ce at t "t1 because1 z my le>n$ fri5d ,mr4 ,jeune _h gone1 on ! "p ( ! pla9tiff1 to ,au/ralia1 s ,mr4 ,purcell _h also gone1 on ! "p ( ! def5dant1 to ,au/ralia4 ,ab\t ! "t t ! sitt+s broke up1 ,mr4 ,purcell return$ f ,au/ralia1 & among ! consultations & discussions :i* ensu$ ?is matt] ( ! dagu]reotype turn$ up4 8,oh60 says ,mr4 ,purcell1 8,i am ! p]son t did t1 & !y might h kn[n x well40 ,:at happ5$ 0 ?is4 ,he w5t out to execute ! ,*ili ,commission1 & z "o ( ! ?+s by :i* to te/ ! ,*ili witnesses1 he took out ?is v dagu]reotype ( ! real ,rog] = ! purpose ( ask+ !m if x 0 l ! man !y recollect$1 & :o _h be5 writ+ to !m1 & !y all ( !m said !y did n recognise x4 ,z "p ( 8 luggage he put x 9 a box t 0 too big = x4 ,9 fact x 0 n prop]ly secur$4 ,x 0 fix$ at ! back ( ! frame by little bits ( metal1 :i* 7 atta*$ to & =m$ "p ( ! frame1 & 7 b5t d[n--little project+ saw-tee?1 :i* 7 b5t d[n ov] ! dagu]reotype1 & held x tightly 9 ! frame4 ,?is dagu]reotype 0 plac$ 9 a little box1 n prop]ly secur$1 & ! little box 0 9 a portion ( ! luggage2 & on ! j\rney f ,engl& to ,valp>aiso1 or f ,valp>aiso to ,melipilla1 ! dagu]reotype got out ( its case4 ,x got knock$ ab\t1 & "o or two ( ^! little tee? becom+ unfa/5$ ! dagu]reotype 0 unfa/5$4#b ,:5 ,mr4 ,purcell arriv$ at ,melipilla he took x out & f\nd x 9 ?is /ate4 ,he !n at once w5t to a photograph] & _h x refa/5$ d[n4 ,x 0 us$ 9 ! ,*ili ,commission 9 its pres5t /ate1 & c\ld n h be5 injur$ 9 ! ,commission4 ,mr4 ,purcell w tell y h[ x took place1 & ?is dagu]reotype has nev] be5 us$ = ! purposes ( photography s9ce its return f ,*ili4 ,! piece ( pap] at ! back1 ,mr4 ,purcell w tell y1 0 pa/$ on by himself1 & "h are ! signatures ( ! ,*ili ,commission]s on ! pap] z writt5 at ,*ili1 & s9ce !n ! dagu]reotype c\ld n possibly h be5 int]f]$ )4 ,!re=e !re c be no my/]y ab\t x1 & yet 9 ! face ( :at ,i m5tion$ to y be=e1 t ,mr4 ,b[k] _h himself photograph$ ! un9jur$ dagu]reotype by scores1 & 9 ! face ( ! o!r facts ( ! case1 my le>n$ fri5d1 ,mr4 ,s]geant ,ballant9e1 all[$ 8 case to come to an end ) t (f5sive imputation aga9/ ! advis]s ( ! def5dants1 & nev] expla9$ or )drew x4 ,well1 is ! ?umb 9 ! photograph l ! pla9tiff's ?umb8 ,nobody ev] said x 0 f ! beg9n+ to ! end ( ! case b ,mr4 ,baig5t4#c ,?is po9t is due entirely to ! +5uity ( t g5tleman4 ,8 att5tion appe>s to h be5 drawn to ! condition ( ! dagu]reotype e>ly 9 ,may4 ,no "o's att5tion 0 drawn to ! ?umb till late 9 ,novemb]1 & ! fir/ ^w t is said ab\t x is said by ,mr4 ,baig5t 9 re-exam9ation4 ,n[1 y "k t 9 ,may1 j ab\t ! "t t ! att5tion1 z ,i h said1 ( ,mr4 ,baig5t appe>s1 by 8 exam9ation-9-*ief1 to h be5 drawn to ! photograph1 ,i 0 ask+ = ! inspection ( ! pla9tiff's p]son = any m>ks on him ^u :i* x 0 int5d$ h]eaft] to place reliance4 ,my le>n$ fri5d object$1 = ! reasons y "k1 to t proposal4 ,9 8 own int]e/s he refus$ to all[ t exam9ation to take place1 & he mu/ n n[ compla9 at ! rem>ks :i* all ! circum/ances give rise to 9 my m9d4 ,i don't = a mom5t say--& :5 ,i say a ?+ ,i tru/ y h le>n$ ,i mean x--,i don't = a mom5t say t my le>n$ fri5d _h any reason to ?9k !re 0 any peculi>ity ab\t ! ?umb :5 he refus$ inspection4 ,b somebody knew1 & t somebody in/ruct$ my le>n$ fri5d to refuse ! exam9ation4 ,i po9t out to y1 once m1 t no human be+ ev] said a ^w ab\t ! ?umb till ,mr4 ,baig5t m5tion$ x4 ,nei!r ,baig5t1 nor ,hopk9s1 nor ! pla9tiff himself 9 8 lett] to 8 "m 9 :i* he m5tion$ ! br[n m>k ev] sugge/$ ! exi/5ce ( a peculi>ity 9 ! ?umb4 ,my le>n$ fri5d he>s ( x = ! fir/ "t only a few days be=e ! end ( 8 case1 on ! #ab? ( ,decemb]4 ,t is a rem>kable ?+4 ,my le>n$ fri5d m ?an once or twice says x is highly important4 ,sir ,william ,f]gusson1 :5 he fir/ exam9$ ! pla9tiff1 did n notice any peculi>ity 9 ! ?umb1 b on ! day he appe>$ 9 ! box he said he made an exam9ation ( ! ?umb ( ! left h&4 ,he notic$ !re 0 a peculi>ity 9 ! ?umb4 ,x 0 peculi>ly po9t$ at ! extremity4 ,! fle%y "p project$ beyond ! nail m ?an usual1 & m ?an on ! o!r h&4 ,! nail seem$ to be p]fectly develop$1 & x /ruck him t ! pla9tiff _h be5 9 ! habit ( bit+ 8 nails1 :i* he aft]w>ds le>n$ 0 ! case4 ,be+ %[n ! photograph1 he said x 0 an exact repres5tation ( ! claimant4 ,!n 9 cross-exam9ation he says--8,i don't ?9k su* a ?umb c\ld be made by manipulation4 ,i don't ?9k any pressure w\ld produce x4 ,! nail is small] on ?is ?umb ?an on ! o!r4 ,! :ole ?umb is small] at ! po9t4 ,! condition1 ,i don't ?9k1 w\ld be =m$ or made m m>k$ by bit+ ! nails4 ,i nev] _h my att5tion call$ to x until ye/]day morn+40 ,footnote #a3 ,! ,attorney-,g5]al is at fault "h2 = ,mr4 ,savage1 z report$ 9 our issue ( ! #bbnd ,decemb]1 page #fjc1 di/9ctly said t 8 negative 0 made f a pr9t t _h previ\sly be5 made f ! dagu]reotype1 & n f ! dagu]reotype itself4--,,eds4 ,footnote #b3 ,photograph]s w smile at ! idea ( ! s]rat$ edge ( a brass m\nt :i* has be5 clamp$ ov] ! back ( a plate gett+ inside ( ! picture1 betwe5 ! glass & ! surface4--,,eds4 ,footnote #c3 ,accord+ to ! report ( ! case t appe>$ 9 our pages ! photographic witnesses exam9$ 9 ! case h also ass]t$ ?is4--,,eds4 ,! ,"l ,*ief ,ju/ice--,i don't und]/& t ,sir ,w4 ,f]gusson's evid5ce 0 s mu* direct$ to ! fle% protrud+ beyond ! nail z to ! peculi>ity 9 ! %ape ( ! ?umb4 ,t 0 ! peculi>ity :i* he meant c\ld n be produc$4 ,! ,attorney-,g5]al--,x comes to ?is3 ,sir ,william ,f]gusson does n ?9k t bit+ w\ld d x1 nor t x c\ld be done artificially4 ,b ! pla9tiff _h n be5 exam9$ by our m$ical m5 !n1 & ,i 0 n 9 a condition to cross-exam9e ,sir ,w4 ,f]gusson4 ,mr4 ,canton is also exam9$1 & /ates t 8 att5tion 0 call$ to ! ?umb = ! fir/ "t ! day be=e4 ,!re 0 ?is peculi>ity ab\t x--t ! nail 0 atta*$ to ! "p b5ea? to a less ext5t ?an x 0 9 ! case ( ! nail on ! o!r ?umb4 ,on be+ ask$ if su* a condition ( ! left ?umb c\ld h be5 produc$ by any kn[n process :i* a man c\ld ex]cise on himself1 ,mr4 ,canton said t ! only ?+ he c\ld conceive w\ld be a p]son cont9ually bit+ 8 nails4 ,x really comes to ?is1 t if ! man _h let 8 nail alone1 ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! two nails w\ld be greatly less4 ,t is ! evid5ce ( a witness = ! pla9tiff4 ,he is ( op9ion t ! nail has be5 subject$ to treatm5t = ! purpose ( produc+ a diff]5ce1 & t if x _h n be5 !re w\ld h be5 mu* less diff]5ce4 ,n[1 :at does t %[8 ,t ! nail has be5 manipulat$1 prep>$1 gone ?r\gh a process ( concoction1 & n a ^w ab\t x 0 m5tion$ to any human be+1 h[ev] closely connect$ or intimate ) ! pla9tiff1 until ! #ac? ,decemb]1 :5 ! ?umb _h be5 put 9 a prop] /ate = exam9ation4 ,:5 ! doctors exam9$ ! pla9tiff 9 ,novemb]1 _! att5tion 0 n call$ to ! ?umb4 ,i suppose x 0 n !n 9 a /ate to be exam9$2 b 9 ,decemb] !y 7 sudd5ly call$ out ( c\rt1 & 9 "s back room ( ?is ,sessions-h\se ?is ?umb 0 %[n to !m4 ,!n ?is a/\nd+ *>ge 0 made ( our hav+ tamp]$ ) ! dagu]reotype = ! purpose ( de/roy+ evid5ce :i* we ourselves _h actually pres]v$4 ,z f> z ,i und]/& ! evid5ce ( ! m$ical m5 x w be ?is4 ,!y w express a cle> & confid5t op9ion1 f a sci5tific exam9ation ( ! ?umb1 t x is a non-natural ?umb1 by :i* ,i mean t x pres5ts appe>ances :i* %[ t x has n be5 all[$ to take its natural c\rse1 b has be5 manipulat$ & treat$ by ! pla9tiff or "s "o 9 8 int]e/--manufactur$1 concoct$1 & got up--= ! purpose ( ?is exam9ation1 & n[ we c und]/& :y ! glove 0 always kept on ! left h&1 & :y n a s+le syllable 0 said ab\t x until x 0 ready = inspection4 ,y c also und]/& :y ! secret 0 only committ$ to ,baig5t4 ,x 0 n ev5 communicat$ to ,miss ,bra9e4 ,my le>n$ fri5d1 ,mr4 ,s]jeant ,ballant9e1 said x 0 an important matt]1 & inde$ x is4 ,mr4 ,baig5t himself did n v5ture to say a ^w ab\t ! ?umb until ! pressure ( cross-exam9ation 0 remov$2 he res]v$ x = 8 re-exam9ation1 :5 ! m\? ( my le>n$ fri5d1 ,mr4 ,hawk9s1 0 clos$4 ,yet !y se>*$ all ov] ! man--!y drew att5tion to wret*$ little scrat*es on 8 ankles1 :i* y c\ld h>dly see1 & to a little :ite m>k on ! middle ( 8 eyelid1 :i* ,i confess ,i c\ld n see--^! !y hunt$ out = demon/ration2 b ?is pat5t ?+1 :i* he c\ld n put 8 h& on a piece ( pap] to /eady x :ile he 0 writ+1 he c\ld n wa% 8 h&s or use a knife & =k at d9n] )\t exhibit+--?is mo/ />+ & gl>+ peculi>ity 0 nev] m5tion$ to any human be+ until ! #ac? ,decemb]4 ,9 any o!r b ! ,ti*borne case :at w\ld h be5 ?\ght ( ?is8 ,take a railway accid5t case4 ,:at w\ld a jury say if alleg$ injury 7 br\ght be=e !m at ! la/ h\r :i* nei!r ! pla9tiff nor 8 c\nsel _h ev] said a ^w ab\t be=e8 ,i "k :at w\ld h be5 said ( myself & ,mr4 ,hawk9s if we _h be5 c\nsel = ! pla9tiff4 ,b because ?is is ! ,ti*borne case x is all[$1 & my le>n$ fri5d1 ,mr4 ,s]jeant ,ballant9e1 ) an air ( great solemnity1 says--8,?is is a v important matt]1 & a great deal m w be he>d ( x40 ,i und]/& my doctors w say ! nail does n adh]e s closely to ! "u surface z ! nail does on ! o!r h&--t x is p]fectly easy to disconnect !m--t x may be done by p]sev]5ce1 by introduc+ little p9s & ?+s ( t k9d1 & by gradually & /eadily work+ !m to disconnect ! "u surface ( ! nail f ! "u surface ( ! fle%1 & t 9 ?is way y c arre/ ! 8=mative gr[?0 ( ! nail1 & !y w tell y t t has actually be5 done4 ,y w look at ! photographs = y\rselves1 & ,i ask y to come to ! conclusion t !re is no reasonable pret5ce = say+ t ,rog] ,ti*borne _h su* a ?umb4 ,!re is no "o to sugge/ t ,rog] ,ti*borne _h a peculi> ?umb--no "o till ,mr4 ,baig5t sugge/s x on 8 re-exam9ation2 & ,i submit t ! :ole affair has be5 trump$ up to produce an impression :5 !y f\nd t ! o!r m>ks fail$ !m4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,meet+s ( ,societies4 ------- ,,meet+s ,,( ,,societies ,,= ,,next ,,week4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------ ,date ( ,meet+4 ,"n ( ,society4 ,place ( ,meet+4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------ ,feb4 #g? ,ed9burgh ,hall1 #e1 ,/4 ,&rew-squ>e4 ,feb #h? ,s\? ,london ,arundel ,hall1 ,arundel-/reet4 ,feb #h? ,man*e/] ,memorial ,hall1 ,alb]t-squ>e4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------ ,,ed9burgh ,,photographic ,,society4 ,! second popul> meet+ ( ! season 0 held 9 ,que5-/reet ,hall on ! ev5+ ( ,w$nesday1 ! #bd? ult4 ,e available place 9 ! hall 0 fill$4 ,! exhibition consi/$ ( a v f9e s]ies ( views 9 ,irel&1 k9dly l5t by ,messrs4 ,pumphrey ,bro!rs1 ( ,birm+ham1 & ( a numb] ( copies ( ,ersk9e ,nicol's pictures ( ,iri% "*1 prep>$ f negatives k9dly l5t = ! purpose by ,mr4 ,tunny4 ,! pictures 7 arrang$ 9 ! =m ( a t\r1 beg9n+ 9 ! nor? at ! ,giant's ,causeway1 work+ s\? to ,dubl91 & includ+ ! ,lakes ( ,kill>ney & "s ( ! f9e/ sc5]y 9 ! c\ntry4 ,! descriptive lecture 0 und]tak5 by ,mr4 ,j4 ,ri*>d ,m>quis1 ,r4,h4,a42 b be+ evid5tly new to ! bus9ess1 & unaccu/om$ to speak 9 ! d>k1 ! lectur] fail$ to come up to ! expectations ( ! audi5ce4 ,we hope1 h[ev]1 to he> ,mr4 ,m>quis aga91 z he has 9 him ! elem5ts f :i* good lectur]s are =m$2 & f 8 ability z an arti/1 & 8 ?or\gh acqua9tance ) :at con/itutes a good picture1 we are c]ta9 t ) a little practice he w make a capital guide 9 su* exhibitions4 ,! exhibition 0 ?or\ghly successful1 & at its close he>ty votes ( ?anks 7 aw>d$ to ,messrs4 ,pumphrey ,bro!rs1 ,mr4 ,tunny1 & ! lectur]4 ,we may m5tion 9 connection ) ?is t la/ ev5+ 7,?ursday7 ! same pictures 7 exhibit$ z "o ( ! s]ies ( popul> lectures giv5 "u ! auspices ( ! ,nor!rn ,di/rict ,lecture ,association4 ,on ?is occasion ! lecture 0 deliv]$ by ,dr4 ,john ,nicol1 :o /at$ at ! beg9n+ t he 0 9 a position to d :at r>ely c\ld practically be done by a lectur]--t is1 praise 8 own lecture4 ,he 7,dr4 ,nicol71 h[ev]1 w5t on to say3--8,! lecture is n m9e1 b has be5 k9dly s5t along ) ! pictures by ,messrs4 ,pumphrey2 & x is s mu* bett] ?an any?+ t ,i c\ld produce1 ,i %all give x j z x is1 except1 p]haps1 ! introduction "h & !re ( a /ory or anecdote1 by way ( a #8m\?-op5]1' z our transatlantic fri5ds w\ld say40 ,bo? lecture & exhibition 7 v successful1 & elicit$ almo/ cont9u\s applause4 ,at ! close ,dr4 ,nicol exhibit$ ! rec5tly-pat5t$ 8:eel ( life10 z manufactur$ by ,messrs4 ,pumphrey1 & describ$ 9 ,,! ,,briti% ,,j\rnal ,,( ,,photography a few weeks s9ce4 ,he expla9$ ! pr9ciple ( its con/ruction1 & gave mu* cr$it to ! inv5tor1 :o1 he said1 _h succe$$ 9 do+ admirably :at he 7,dr4 ,nicol7 & _m o!rs _h va9ly tri$ to d = ye>s4 ,at ! t]m9ation ( ! exhibition1 votes ( ?anks 7 aw>d$ to ,dr4 ,nicol1 to ,messrs4 ,pumphrey = ! pictures1 & to ,messrs4 ,y]bury & ,lo?ian = ! admirable way 9 :i* !y _h manag$ ! lant]n4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,correspond5ce4 ,,! ,,con/itution ,,( ,,matt] ,,& ,,its ,,motions4--,,univ]sal ,,gravitation ,,produc$ ,,by ,,! ,,motions ,,( ,,e!r4--,,hypo!sis ,,( ,m4 ,l',,abb ,,l]ay4--,m4 ,,ri*e ,,on ,,! ,,new ,,*emical ,,notation4--,,new ,,s5sitive ,,pigm5t ,,pap]4 ,9 "o ( my rec5t lett]s to ?is ,j\rnal ,i 0 deplor+ ! want ( "s gr& hypo!sis :i* w\ld embrace 9 "o g5]al law all ! me*anical ph5om5a ( nature--univ]sal gravitation1 cohesion1 *emical aff9ity1 electricity1 magnetism1 light1 heat1 c4--& lo6 j su* a hypo!sis has turn$ up & be5 expla9$ to me by its au?or--a man :om ,i am compell$ to reg>d1 )\t any exagg]ation1 z "o ( ! great g5iuses ( ! pres5t day4 ,i allude to ,m4 ,l',abb ,l]ay1 au?or ( a "w to :i* ,i ref]r$ 9 a rec5t lett]1 entitl$ ,con/itution de la ,matire et ses ,m\vem5ts4 ,i w endeav\r to give an outl9e--b x c only be an outl9e--( ?is />tl+ hypo!sis1 :i* makes univ]sal gravitation an effect ( ! motions ( e!r1 & dispels ! idea hi!rto ent]ta9$ t x is an attractive =ce inh]5t 9 p>ticles ( matt]1 by :i* !y are enabl$ to ex]t a pull ^u o!r p>ticles at a di/ance f !m 9 space4 ,sir ,isaac ,newton1 ! immortal discov]] ( ! law ( univ]sal gravitation 7:i* ass]ts t e p>ticle ( matt] 9 ! univ]se attracts e o!r p>ticle ) a =ce :i* v>ies directly z ! mass & inv]sely z ! squ>e ( ! di/ance71 himself believ$ t ?is law w\ld be f\nd1 at "s future "t1 to result f ! motions ( a subtle fluid :i* occupi$ space1 ! atoms ( :i*1 by imp++ aga9/ pond]able matt]1 produce ! obs]v$ effect ( weight or gravitation4 ,he c\ld n conceive ( pond]able matt] possess+ any inh]5t prop]ty by :i* x 0 enabl$ to act ^u o!r pond]able matt] at a di/ance4 ,he c\ld n really believe 9 an inh]5t c5tral =ce ( attraction resid+ 9 a mat]ial atom1 by :i* x c\ld draw t[>ds itself ano!r su* atom situat$ at a di/ance1 or t x c\ld affect o!r matt] 9 any way ?an by ! impact ( int]v5+ atoms2 & he pr$ict$ t "s day ! cause ( univ]sal gravitation w\ld be discov]$4 ,t day seems n[ to h arriv$1 & ! discov]y to h be5 actually made4 ,i _h read ,m4 ,l]ay's extraord9>y "w ) a great deal ( int]e/1 b !re 7 /ill "s unexpla9$ po9ts 9 8 hypo!sis :i* rema9$ to be cle>$ up & "s difficulties to be discuss$4 ,z he resides at an ecclesia/ical in/itution )9 an easy walk ( ,r$on1 ,i visit$ him a few days ago1 by appo9tm5t1 = ! express purpose ( hav+ a long talk ov] 8 hypo!sis2 & a v pleasant aft]noon ,i _h ) him1 leav+ m deeply impress$ ?an ev] ) a s5se ( 8 great abilities & orig9ality4 ,9 fact1 ,i seem to h made ! acqua9tance ( a second ,sir ,isaac or ,laplace4 ,! foll[+ is an outl9e ( 8 !ory2 b ( c\rse no demon/ration ( any "p ( x c be made )9 ! limits ( ?is lett]3-- ,space is fill$ ) a subtle e!r1 consi/+ ( atoms 9 motion4 ,^! atoms are ela/ic--a prop]ty :i* !y possess 9 virtue ( be+ able to *ange _! =m1 ?\gh n _! volume1 dur+ impact & to recov] x aga94 ,_! =m is sph]ical1 !y are all equal1 & _! diamet] is v small comp>$ ) t ( ! atoms ( pond]able matt]1 & also ) _! g5]al di/ance ap>t4 ,?is e!r is1 !re=e1 an exce$+ly r>e m$ium4 ,:5 ! atoms imp+e aga9/ ea* o!r !y reb\nd l billi>d balls1 & 9 all _! motions !y obey ! common me*anical laws ( in]tia & impact1 & no o!r laws :atev]4 ,!y _c act ^u ea* o!r at a di/ance1 & !re=e no attractive or repulsive =ce exi/s betwe5 !m4 ,if only "o ( ^! atoms 7 to exi/ 9 space x w\ld move 9 a /raight l9e ) uni=m velocity until x rea*$ ! limit ( space2 t is to say1 ! b\nd>y by :i* creation is limit$--! b\nd>y :i* sep>ates entity f non5tity4 ,"h1 be+ ela/ic1 x w\ld be reflect$1 & w\ld !n foll[ ano!r rectil9e> c\rse until x aga9 enc\nt]$ 9 ano!r po9t ! b\nd>y ( space1 :]e x w\ld be aga9 reflect$2 & s on = ev]6 ,if we imag9e space fill$ ) an enorm\s numb] ( su* atoms x w foll[ t at e po9t 9 space !re w be small p>allel curr5ts ( !m mov+ 9 all directions4 ,_! di/ance ap>t be+ great 9 proportion to _! size1 two contr>y curr5ts w n annihilate ea* o!r1 b by f> ! great] numb] ( atoms 9 "o curr5t w pass ^? 9 ! o!r curr5t )\t impact4 ,^? atoms :i* d imp+e aga9/ opposite atoms1 at v>i\s angles ( incid5ce1 w reb\nd & jo9 o!r curr5ts :i* are mov+ 9 _! new direction4 ,! /ate ( ?+s above describ$ con/itutes :at is call$ 8mobile equilibrium20 = :at "o curr5t loses by meet+ ano!r 9 an opposite direction w be imp>t$ to surr\nd+ curr5ts1 & ^!1 9 _! turn1 w give back equal to :at !y h acquir$1 s t comp5sation w be made1 & ?us ! laws ( cons]vation ( =ce1 & ( vis viva1 w be satisfi$4 ,! velocity ) :i* ! atoms move is enorm\s1 & millions ( times great] ?an ! velocity ( light4 ,! read] w obs]ve t !re is a va/ diff]5ce betwe5 ! mobile equilibrium ( ?is e!r & ! equilibrium ( air or gas conf9$ 9 a clos$ vessel4 ,! reason :y p>ticles ( a gas appe> to repel ea* o!r is because ! e!real undulations ( heat are vibrat+ betwe5 !m4 ,by r$uc+ ! temp]ature & increas+ ! pressure gases may be liquifi$ or solidifi$1 9 :i* /ates no repulsion exi/s betwe5 _! p>ticles4 ,all pond]able matt] is por\s2 its ultimate atoms are sph]es mu* l>g] ?an ! atoms ( e!r1 & mu* f>!r ap>t2 ! curr5ts ( e!r c1 !re=e1 pass ?r\gh a pond]able body 9 all directions4 ,:5 a curr5t ( e!r passes ?r\gh a pond]able body "s ( ! atoms ( e!r /rike ! atoms ( ! body & reb\nd2 ! curr5t1 aft] pass+ ?r\gh ! body1 w1 !re=e1 be weak5$1 accord+ to ! numb] ( its atoms :i* h reb\nd$ 9 alt]$ directions--t is to say1 accord+ to ! numb] ( atoms ( ! body :i* h be5 /ruck by atoms ( e!r4 ,! great] ! mass ( a body ! great] w be ! weak5+ ( ! curr5ts ( e!r :i* h pass$ ?r\gh x4 ,a curr5t ( e!r weak5$ by pass+ ?r\gh a body w gradually rega9 its orig9al /r5g? by pass+ ?r\gh space1 s9ce x w be cont9ually re9=c$ by o!r atoms mov+ 9 ! same direction z itself4 ,a s+le pond]able atom 9 ! mid/ ( curr5ts ( e!r w be 9 equilibrium "u _! action1 because x w be /ruck equally 9 all directions4 ,b ! atoms ( a pond]able body w be put into vibratory motion by ! passage ?r\gh x ( curr5ts ( e!r2 ^! int]nal motions may enable u to acc\nt = light1 heat1 magnetism1 c4 ,:5 two pond]able bodies exi/ 9 space1 & curr5ts ( e!r pass ?r\gh !m1 ! two bodies w be impell$ t[>ds ea* o!r1 because ! curr5ts ( e!r t are betwe5 !m & t5d to keep !m ap>t are weak5$ by hav+ pass$ ?r\gh ! bodies1 & are1 !re=e1 weak] ?an ! curr5ts :i* impel !m t[>ds ea* o!r4 ,?is expla9s :at has be5 call$ ! 8attractive =ce ( gravity40 ,x w be obs]v$ t s9ce curr5ts ( e!r pass ?r\gh ! bodies 9 all directions1 ! weak5$ curr5ts betwe5 ! bodies w be includ$ )9 a sort ( conical space4 ,! law ( attraction accord+ to ! inv]se squ>e ( ! di/ance is ?us acc\nt$ =4 ,s9ce ! weight ( a body is ! same1 no matt] h[ x is turn$ ab\t1 x foll[s t ! ultimate atoms ( all pond]able matt] mu/ be sph]ical4 ,x foll[s also f ! hypo!sis t all ! sph]ical atoms ( pond]able matt] are equal1 & t !re is1 *emically speak+1 b "o simple sub/ance--! app>5t v>iety dep5d+ ^u ! mode ( aggregation ( ! atoms into molecules4 ,cry/als are =m$ by arrang+ ^! sph]es 9 ! same way z y may arrange m>bles or pile up cannon balls4 ,!re is no?+ 9 ! hypo!sis to int]f]e ) ! undulat+ !ory ( light1 or ) any !ory t reposes /rictly ^u obs]v$ facts2 b ?is we may discuss on a future occasion4 ,i ne$ h>dly say t x is 9 consequ5ce ( _! great velocity t ! atoms ( e!r acquire suffici5t mom5tum to communicate s5sible motion to pond]able matt]4 ,pond]able matt] may possibly be compos$ ( ! aggregation ( e!real atoms2 b ,m4 ,l]ay ?9ks n4 ,he c see no good reason :y x %\ld be s4 ,cohesion & *emical aff9ity may be expla9$ on ?is hypo!sis4 ,its lead+ feature is t x expla9s h[ su* natural ph5om5a z d n involve vital or m5tal action may be expla9$ on ! simple/ me*anical pr9ciples1 & )\t involv+ t 8bugaboo10 action at a di/ance4 ,( c\rse1 ,dr4 ,frankl&'s ideas ( 8bonds10 8active & lat5t atomicities10 c41 are inadmissible on ?is hypo!sis4 ,! demon/rations are rigor\sly giv51 & ! "w involves a good deal ( high ma!matics4 ,x is utt]ly impossible to d ju/ice to ! !ory 9 ! above brief sket* ( x4 ,! !orems ( ,euclid1 if ?us /at$1 w\ld _m ( !m appe> improbable & absurd4 ,! "w itself c be procur$ f ,m4 ,gau?i] ,vill>s1 #ee1 ,quai des ,gr&s ,augu/9s1 ,p>is1 price ?ree francs4 ,x is copi\sly illu/rat$ ) woodcuts4 ,a new edition has j appe>$4 ,"s idea ( ! di/ance betwe5 ! atoms ( pond]able matt]1 :5 9 ! =m ( gas1 may be ga!r$ f a rem>k ( ,dr4 ,mann's 9 8 ,guide to a ,k ( ,life1 at page #ac1 :]e he says3-- 8,x c be %[n to be highly probable t ! ultimate atoms ( gases are at lea/ "o hundr$ times _! own diamet] asund] ev5 :5 ^? gases are held 9 conf9$ vessels40 ,! e>? & ! moon are1 !re=e1 ab\t ?ree times z ne> toge!r1 9 proportion to ! diamet] ( ! e>?1 z two atoms ( a gas are1 if ! above rem>k be true4 ,9 ,sir ,isaac ,newton's corpuscul> !ory ( light ! atoms emitt$ f ! sun 7 suppos$ to foll[ "o ano!r at a di/ance ( ab\t a ?\s& miles ap>t6 ,"u su* circum/ances ! impact ( two atoms ( int]sect+ rays ( light w\ld be a comp>atively r>e ev5t4 ,m4 ,l]ay ass]ts t ! law ( gravitation is only an approximation to ! tru?1 & t x is modifi$ by ! volumes ( bodies4 ,! pro( ( ?is he expects w be f\nd "s day 9 ! motions ( comets1 :i* rapidly *ange _! volume4 ,elective aff9ity he supposes to dep5d ^u ! diff]5t =ms ( cry/als1 two cry/als :i* pres5t plane faces t[>ds ea* o!r be+ m easily pu%$ toge!r by ! atoms ( e!r ?an two cry/als 9 :i* a solid angle or an edge ( "o is pres5t$ to a plane face ( ! o!r4 ,! sun1 planets1 fix$ />s1 nebul1 c41 are1 ( c\rse1 p]petually riddl$ ?r\gh & ?r\gh1 9 all directions1 by curr5ts ( e!r4 ,t is :y ! heav5ly bodies gravitate t[>ds ea* o!r1 z expla9$ 9 a prec$+ p>agraph4 ,) respect to reflection at ! b\nd>y ( space1 x is an idea :i* gr[s ^u y ! m y ?9k ( x4 ,enorm\s z creation is x is impossible to conceive ( its hav+ no limit4 ,:at1 !n1 is beyond t limit8--,no?+4 ,n ev5 space 9 :i* matt] c exi/2 no place ev5 = matt]4 ,on rea*+ ! b\nd>y :i* sep>ates an entity 7= space is an entity7 f a non5tity matt] mu/ be reflect$1 if ela/ic2 or x mu/ roll = ev] aga9/ ! b\nd>y ( space1 if inela/ic4 ,?is conclusion seems to me inevitable2 !re is no escape f x4 ,9 ! new edition ( ,m4 ,l]ay's book he modifies ! !ory :i* ,i h endeav\r$ briefly to expla9 9 ! =ego+ p>agraphs by suppos+ t1 in/ead ( "o e!r1 !re are two 9 a /ate ( mixture1 ! second be+ a gross] fluid1 & its atoms l>g] ?an ^? ( ! o!r4 ,x is ^! l>g] atoms ( ! gross] fluid :i*1 by _! transv]sal vibrations1 produce ! ph5om5a ( light1 heat1 c4 ,^! l>g] atoms d n suff] ! same swift motion ( translation ?r\gh space z ! small] atoms ( ! subtl] fluid4 ,!y h no great] motion ( translation ?an pond]able atoms h4 ,x may be ask$--,:at is ! diff]5ce betwe5 pond]able & impond]able matt]1 & :y are ! atoms ( e!r impond]able8 ,to ?is qu]y a satisfactory answ] is giv52 b ,i mu/ ref] ! read] to ! book = x4 ,7 ,i to ent] ^u any demon/rations an entire numb] ( ?is ,j\rnal w\ld n conta9 half t c\ld be said4 ,i h prov$ 9 an indep5d5t mann]1 & diff]5t f t ( ,pre ,l]ay1 t two equal1 p5etrable sph]es ( pond]able matt]1 exi/+ 9 space at a di/ance ap>t :i* is l>ge 9 proportion to _! diamet]s1 w be impell$ t[>ds ea* o!r by ! impact ( e!real matt]s1 accord+ to a law :i* is approximately t ( ! inv]se squ>e ( ! di/ance4 ,:5 ! sph]es are br\ght to )9 a mu* %ort] di/ance ( ea* o!r ! law ceases to be approximately true4 ,! law ( gravitation may1 !re=e1 be only approximately true = p>ticles ( matt] at a great di/ance ap>t 9 proportion to _! diamet]s4 ,! only obs]vations :i* appe> to confirm ! law are ^? :i* h be5 made ^u ! heav5ly bodies2 & "h we h a case ( a di/ance ap>t _m times ! diamet]s ( ! bodies1 ev5 betwe5 satellites & _! prim>ies4 ,b be=e any "o c s]i\sly accept ?is new hypo!sis a va/ deal m ?\ght & /udy mu/ be be/[$ ^u x ?an ,i h yet _h "t to give x4 ,i w s5d ! demon/ration ref]r$ to = ins]tion 9 a future numb] ( ?is ,j\rnal if our ,editors ?9k fit4 ,! subject is n =eign to photography1 b intimately connect$ ) x z a sci5ce4 ,accord+ to ! new hypo!sis1 new def9itions mu/ be giv5 ( ,,mass & ,,d5sity4 ,accord+ to ,m4 ,l]ay1 8! mass ( an atom is equal to its volume1 & ! mass ( a body is equal to ! sum ( ! volumes ( its atoms40 8,if we call ,m ! mass ( a body1 & ,v its app>5t volume1 ! fraction ,m_/,v is ! absolute d5sity ( ! body4 ,! absolute d5sity is1 !re=e1 unity = an atom1 & v>ies f #j to #a = all bodies40 ,if two bodies h ! same app>5t volume1 _! d5sities are proportional to _! masses4 ,i h be5 look+ ?r\gh a capital ,fr5* "w on ,*emi/ry1 publi%$ 9 #ahgj1 by ,m4 ,alfr$ ,ri*e1 lectur] at ! ,polyte*nic ,s*ool at ,p>is4 ,he uses ! old notation & table ( equival5ts2 b /rongly advises a *ange to ! new1 :i* he expla9s v nicely1 & pretty mu* z our lectur] has done4 ,:5ev] ! atomic weight ( an elem5t is giv5 accord+ to ! new table its symbol has a b> drawn across x4 ,some?+ ( ?is sort %\ld always be obs]v$1 9 ord] to avoid confusion betwe5 ! old & new =mul4 99 99 99 99 99 ,i h j receiv$ a lett] f ,mr4 ,j4 ,r4 ,johnson1 conta9+ a mo/ beautiful c>bon pr9t4 ,he asks me :at ,i ?9k ( x4 ,my reply is simply ?is--t x is ! mo/ wond]fully f9e pr9t ,i h ev] se5 ^u pap]4 ,,?omas ,,sutton1 ,b4,a4 ,r$on1 ,janu>y #bf1 #ahgb4 ,,! ,,rec5t ,,sol> ,,eclipse4--,,new ,,photographic ,,v5ture ,,at ,,! ,,antipodes4--,,photography ,,9 ,,! ,,bu%4 ,! mo/ int]e/+ ev5t1 9 a photographic po9t ( view1 :i* ,i h to report is ! dep>ture ( ! sci5tific exp$ition to obs]ve ! total eclipse ( ! sun on ! #ab? ( ?is mon?4 ,! place select$ = ! obs]vations is ,cape ,sidm\?1 "s ?ree hundr$ miles s\? ( ,cape ,york1 9 ,nor!rn ,au/ralia4 ,! exp$ition has be5 organis$ by ! ,royal ,society ( ,victoria1 & ! exp5se is met by private subscriptions1 l>gely aid$ by grants f ! sev]al ,colonial ,gov]nm5ts4 ,! ,que5sl& ,gov]nm5t /eam] 0 also plac$ at ! disposal ( ! p>ty free ( *>ge4 ,! v>i\s in/rum5ts necess>y = ! obs]vations 7 s5t f ,engl& by ! ,royal ,society2 b1 ow+ to my abs5ce f ,sydney at ! "t ! exp$ition sail$1 ,i am unable to give any details ( ! arrangem5ts = tak+ photographs ( ! eclipse4 ,i hope1 h[ev]1 soon to be able to give a full description ( ! results4 ,! p>ty consi/s ( m ?an ?irty g5tlem51 ! diff]5t bran*es ( sci5ce be+ well repres5t$2 = botani/s & geologi/s are tak+ advantage ( ! trip to make inve/igations 9 _! own dep>tm5ts4 ,= ! a/ronomical obs]vations ,victoria s5ds h] ,gov]nm5t ,a/ronom]1 ,mr4 ,ell]y1 at ! head ( a l>ge /aff ( obs]v]s1 & a photograph]1 ,mr4 ,walt]s2 :ile ,new ,s\? ,wales s5ds ,mr4 ,russell1 ! pres5t1 & ! ,rev4 ,w4 ,scott1 ! late1 ,gov]nm5t ,a/ronom]1 & ,mr4 ,m]l91 ( ! 8,am]ican & ,au/ralasian ,photographic ,company40 ,f ?is d\ble /aff we may expect a l>ge numb] ( photographs & o!r valuable results4 ,! /eam] left ,sydney on ! #bg? ( ,novemb]1 & w return by ,*ri/mas1 be=e :i* "t no news w rea* u ( ! do+s ( ! p>ty4 ,we %all1 !re=e1 look =w>d to _! return ) mu* int]e/4 99 99 99 99 99 ,pr(essional photograph]s "h d n n[ devote _! att5tion s exclusively to portraiture z =m]ly4 ,! 8,am]ican & ,au/ralasian ,photographic ,company0 has ann\nc$ its int5tion ( photograph+ e h\se 9 ! ,au/ralasian colonies6 ,i suppose x f9ds x a pr(itable speculation1 z x has already photograph$ a consid]able numb] ( t[ns1 h\se by h\se4 ,! day = ea* place is previ\sly adv]tis$1 s t ! inhabitants may put !mselves & _! dwell+s 9 holiday attire4 ,! photographs are to "s ext5t us$ z adv]tisem5ts4 99 99 99 99 99 ,i lately came across a photograph] 9 ! f> int]ior1 "s #ejj or #fjj miles f ,sydney4 ,he _h already travell$ a /ill great] di/ance f ,adelaide1 9 ,s\? ,au/ralia1 f :5ce he _h />t$ on 8 t\r4 ,he 0 ply+ 8 vocation at ! v>i\s %eep & cattle /ations1 & 0 app>5tly well patronis$4 ,i saw sev]al ( 8 gr\ps ( aborig9als1 :i* 7 v good4 ,! black fell[s 7 highly delight$ ) _! portraits1 & 7 v anxi\s t copies %\ld be s5t to _! fri5ds 9 o!r di/ricts4 ,sydney1 ,decemb] #a1 #ahga4 ,e4 ,b4 ,,dock]1 ,m4,a4 ,p4,s4--,! un=tunate wreck ( ! mail /eam] has depriv$ u ( ! j\rnals = ?is mon?4--,e4 ,b4 ,d4 ,,c>bolic ,,acid4 ,to ! ,,editors4 ,,g5tlem51--,my att5tion has be5 call$ to an article 9 y\r issue ( ! #ai? ,janu>y1 "u ! head 8,correspond5ce10 by ,mr4 ,?omas ,sutton1 conta9+ sev]al /atem5ts ) ref]5ce to c>bolic acid :i* x w\ld be wrong to all[ to rema9 uncontradict$4 ,fir/3 he says c>bolic acid is by no means a good antiseptic1 & is v poison\s1 & !n ref]s to p]sons be+ lately poison$ by its fumes at ,wolv]hampton4 ,z to its poison\s nature3 ,x is1 ( c\rse1 a poison if tak5 int]nally 9 quantity1 b is n a virul5t "o tak5 9 any reasonable or probable quantity4 ,x is1 p]haps1 n out ( place to say t if x %\ld be tak5 int]nally 9 a conc5trat$ =m1 by misadv5ture1 l>ge doses ( ca/or & sweet oil imm$iately adm9i/]$ w mat]ially c\nt]act ! poison\s effect ( ! acid4 ,! fumes ( ! acid are p]fectly h>mless & may be brea!d ) impunity4 ,mr4 ,sutton is lab\r+ "u a false impression ) reg>d to ! case to :i* he alludes at ,wolv]hampton1 ( :i* ! foll[+ is ! correct acc\nt3--,two dogs 7n human be+s7 7 suppos$ to h di$ f inhal+ ! fumes ( c>bolic acid emanat+ f a dis9fect+ p[d] spr9kl$ ov] ! floor ( a work%op 9 ,wolv]hampton1 &1 ! foll[+ is an extract f ! report ( ! *emi/ :o exam9$ "o ( ! dogs3--8,! dis9fect+ p[d] 0 n a c>bolic acid p[d]1 b an imitation2 = x conta9$ no?+ b lime impregnat$ ) t>1 & 0 entirely innoc5t ( any h>m to ! animals4 ,/ry*n9e1 h[ev]1 0 discov]$ 9 consid]able quantity 9 mo/ p>ts ( ! visc]a & 9 ! blood4 ,i calculat$ t at lea/ "o gra9 & a-qu>t] ( ?is poison\s alkaloid _h be5 adm9i/]$ to ! animal by "s evil-dispos$ p]son or p]sons unkn[n40 ,?us mu* = ! poison+ ( human be+s lately at ,wolv]hampton by ! fumes ( c>bolic acid4#d ,footnote #d3 ,! cattle %[ at ! ,agricultural ,hall1 ,isl+ton1 has = ! two la/ ye>s be5 successfully dis9fect$ & kept sweet ) c>bolic acid4 ,_h ,mr4 ,sutton ev] se5 c>bolic acid fumigation1 or read ab\t c>bolic acid1 he w\ld n h made an ass]tion s utt]ly gr\ndless4 ,! writ] has himself _m times be5 = two or ?ree days toge!r 9 a room conta9+ a l>ge excess ( c>bolic acid fumes )\t exp]i5c+ any injuri\s effects4 ,) reg>d to ! action ( c>bolic acid on ! tee?1 if ,mr4 ,sutton w ref] to an article 9 ! ,briti% ,j\rnal ( ,d5tal ,sci5ce = ,m>*1 #ahga1 he w f9d 8x is a p[]ful antiseptic1 & invaluable = ! arre/ ( any decay or decomposition ( ! tee?40 ,mr4 ,sutton has quot$ f a long lett] ( ,dr4 ,d\gall's to ! ,lancet1 & ,i _c d bett] ?an ref] him to ,dr4 ,sansom's able reply to x 9 ! ,lancet ( ,janu>y #ac?4 ,dr4 ,sansom says t ! :ite-cl\d appe>ance 9 album9\s solutions to :i* c>bolic acid has be5 add$ is (t5 really no album9\s precipitate at all1 b is caus$ by refractile globules ( c>bolic acid 9 a f9e /ate ( sub-division2 also1 t x has be5 %[n t album9\s solutions are antisept$ :5 c>bolic acid exi/s 9 !m 9 too feeble a proportion to cause any precipitate :atev]4 ,if c>bolic acid act$ z an antiseptic by coagulat+ album51 ag5ts :i* _h a great] coagulat+ p[] w\ld1 a =tiori1 be m p[]ful antiseptics1 :i* has abundantly be5 prov$ n to be ! case1 & !re=e ! antiseptic prop]ties ( c>bolic acid d n result solely f its p[] ( coagulat+ album54 ,) respect to ! ass]tion t ! am\nt ( c>bolic acid vap\r :i* c\ld be tol]at$ 9 ! air ( a hospital w>d w\ld be entirely inadequate to act z a dis9fectant1 ,dr4 ,sansom says 8 exp]im5ts h %[n him t c>bolis$ atmosph]es are effici5t 9 prev5t+ putrefaction & ! gr[? ( m\ld9ess1 & m s ?an atmosph]es impregnat$ ) *loride ( lime or sulphur\s acid4 ,dr4 ,sansom objects to ! exp]im5ts record$ by ,dr4 ,d\gall1 s9ce t> oil 7a crude product weak 9 c>bolic acid1 & possess+ little or no volatile dis9fectant con/itu5t71 & ,mc,dougall's p[d] 7a mixture ( sulphites ( lime & magnesia ) t> oil7 7 us$4 ,z to c>bolic acid n be+ a good antiseptic1 ! foll[+ reports1 ,i ?9k1 fully prove ! contr>y3-- ,! late ,dr4 ,w4 ,all5 ,mill]1 ,f4,r4,s41 pres]v$ ur9e & fre% blood = ?ree mon?s by ! simple addition ( five p] c5t4 ( ,calv]t's c>bolic dis9fect+ p[d]--a product conta9+ fifte5 p] c5t4 ( c>bolic acid 9 a free /ate4 ,mr4 ,wm4 ,crookes1 ,f4,r4,s41 says t he took "s album5 f fre% eggs & mix$ x ) an equal bulk ( wat]4 ,by itself x became bad aft] n9e days1 & at ! end ( ?ree weeks x smelt v /rongly4 ,he add$ to f\r bottles ( ! fluid respectively #a1 #b1 #e1 & #aj p] c5t4 ( c>bolic acid p[d] 7equival5t to #c_/bj1 1 1 & #a p] c5t4 ( free c>bolic acid74 ,all kept good at ord9>y temp]atures = =ty days4 ,blood ) #a_/ae p] c5t4 ( c>bolic acid rema9$ good = a mon?4 ,solutions ( size1 glue1 & gum mix$ ) #a_/ae p] c5t4 ( c>bolic acid h rema9$ = two mon?s )\t becom+ s\r4 ,fre% yea/ 0 wa%$ ) wat] conta9+ "o-t5? p] c5t4 ,its p[] ( induc+ f]m5tation 0 entirely de/roy$4 ,dr4 ,f4 ,crace ,calv]t1 ,f4,r4,s41 9 8 pap] on comp>ative dis9fectants1 gives ! foll[+ results ) antiseptics ^u solutions ( album53-- ,antiseptic ,p]c5tage ,"t 9 :i* employ$4 ( acquir$ an antiseptic (f5sive od\r4 us$4 ,temp]ature #gj to #hj ,f4 ,*loride ( #e #af days4 lime ,t> oil #b #aa days4 ,c>bolic acid #b rema9$ s\nd six mon?s ,none -- #e days4 ,! writ] pres]v$ meat = n9ety days1 dur+ a hot summ]1 by plac+ twelve ounces ( fre% meat 9 a bottle conta9+ "o p\nd ( wat] & five gra9s ( c>bolic acid4 ,! m\? ( ! bottle 0 left op51 & no (f5sive smell 0 emitt$ till ! n9ety-?ird day4 ,! meat 01 ( c\rse1 unfit = food1 & 0 m]ely exp]im5t$ ) to te/ ! antiseptic p[] ( c>bolic acid4 ,! foll[+ is an extract f a report 9 ,compte ,r5dus de l',acadmie des ,sci5ces ( ,m>* #f?1 #ahga1 by ,messrs4 ,nelaton1 ,langi]1 & ,pay51 on exp]im5ts made at ! ,p>is ,morgue by ,m4 ,dev]gie3-- 8,dur+ ! heat ( summ]1 :5 putrefy+ corpses 9 ! ,morgue cont9ually emit a quantity ( noxi\s gases t _c be remov$ by v5tilation or de/roy$ by *lor9e or blea*+ p[d]1 we decid$ to prev5t _! production by try+ to de/roy ! vitality ( ! g]ms ( putrefaction1 & ?us prev5t decomposition itself4 ,we effect$ ?is by dissolv+ "o litre ( c>bolic acid 9 #a1ijj litres ( wat] & irrigat+ ! bodies ) ! solution ?us made4 ,putrefaction 0 completely /opp$1 & dis9fection 0 ev5 obta9$ aft] r$uc+ ! quantity ( acid by "o-half4 ,m4 ,dev]gie po9ts out t wat] conta9+ "o f\r-?\s&? "p ( c>bolic acid prov$ suffici5t dur+ ! int5se heat ( la/ summ] to dis9fect ! deadh\se1 )\t ! aid ( any %aft1 :5 six or sev5 dead bodies 7 ly+ !re4 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 ,c>bolic acid seems well adapt$ = ! dis9fection ( rooms :i* h be5 occupi$ by p]sons suff]+ f infecti\s diseases2 !re=e1 we recomm5d its use1 aft] be+ dissolv$ 9 ?irty times its weight ( wat]1 by spr9kl+ x on ! floors1 pavem5ts1 & /aircases dur+ ! /ay ( pati5ts 9 rooms & = a few days aft] _! dep>ture40 ,accord+ to ,dr4 ,sansom c>bolic acid is readily tak5 up by air1 s t #aei4dd cubic in*es ( air1 at #fj ,fah41 conta9 "o gra9 ( c>bolic acid4 ,air ?us c>bolis$ 7curr5ts exclud$7 entirely annuls putrefaction & fungoid manife/ation on ! surface ( putrescible fluids1 & su* c>bolis$ air is m p]man5tly efficaci\s ?an air *>g$ ) ! fumes ( *loride ( lime or sulphur\s acid1 & x may be brea!d ) impunity by mammif]s4 ,^! few obs]vations w1 ,i ?9k1 satisfy y\r read]s t ,mr4 ,sutton's rem>ks are errone\s & )\t f\ndation4 ,i %all be glad to le>n t photograph]s h tri$ c>bolic acid 9 ! pres]vative solution = dry plates1 & w\ld recomm5d !m to make a solution ( c>bolic acid1 "o "p to "o ?\s& p>ts ( wat]1 & !n add _! album5 to ?is solution to ! /r5g? !y require x4 ,above all ?+s x is ess5tial t ! c>bolic acid be ( good quality = photographic purposes2 & ,i w\ld recomm5d !m to use an acid su* z ,calv]t's ,no4 #a 7gilt label7 c>bolic acid4--,i am1 y\rs1 c41 ,,reg9ald ,,le ,,neve ,,fo/]4 ,brad=d1 ne> ,man*e/]1 ,janu>y #bg1 #ahgb4 ,,! ,,te/ ,,= ,,album54 ,to ! ,,editors4 ,,g5tlem51--,x is ov] two ye>s s9ce ,i devis$ ! c>bolic mixture = detect+ traces ( album54 ,at ! "t ,i did n ?9k x ( suffici5t photographic int]e/ to occupy y\r space 9 detail+ exp]im5ts on ! subject2 b1 z y d n rememb] ! au?or's "n1 ,i beg to rem9d y t ,i am ! au?or4 ,x 0 publi%$1 ,i believe1 z a note by a fri5d ( m9e--an em95t *emi/ & toxicologi/--9 a m$ical "w4 ,on "o occasion we 7 talk+ ov] ! means ( detect+ album51 & hav+ exp]im5t$ ) ph5ol or 8c>bolic acid0 = ab\t eight ye>s1 _m times 9 connection ) album51 ,i knew its prop]ties well1 &1 on my att5tion be+ direct$ to a te/ = album51 ,i comm5c$ exp]im5ts ) a mixture ( ph5ol & acetic acid1 !n ) ! addition ( alcohol1 & f9ally ) ph5ol & alcohol1 equal p>ts by weight4 ,my fri5d & self !n w5t ?r\gh a comp>ative set ( exp]im5ts side by side--my fri5d tak+ 8 old nitric acid te/ & ,i my new ph5ol mixture--! result be+ t my te/ indicat$ album5 bo? 9 pla9 wat] & ur9e1 dilut$ "o 9 t5 aft] ! nitric acid fail$ to indicate any fur!r4--,i am1 y\rs1 c41 ,f4 ,w4 ,,h>t4 #h1 ,k+sl& ,gre51 ,janu>y #bi1 #ahgb4 ,,sugge/ion ,,= ,a ,,photographic ,,exhibition4 ,to ! ,,editors4 ,,g5tlem51--,! cont9u$ compla9ts :i* "o he>d f p aft] ! close ( our photographic exhibition1 t !y _h n se5 x1 did n "k :5 x op5$ or :5 x _h clos$1 & ! /rong int]e/ !y felt 9 x1 induce me to believe t a compreh5sive exhibition ( photography 9 all its %apes--! new processes1 ! l&scape & humanity ( diff]5t c\ntries1 c41 c4--might be made ( v great int]e/1 & to pay its way z well4 ,9 ! spr+1 & ev5 n[1 ,london is fill$ ) collections ( pa9t+s1 :i* make photographs look tame4 ,9 ! ,int]national ,exhibition !y are equally put out2 & if !y are to be se5 & judg$ prop]ly !y mu/ be 9 an exhibition by !mselves4 ,no intellig5t collector hangs works 9 col\r ) photographs or engrav+s2 & exhibition go]s1 pass+ f a gall]y ( pictures1 w n /op to look at photographs4 ,if1 !re=e1 we c\ld1 "u ! direction ( ! photographic societies1 make 9 ,octob] a collection ( cosmopolitan photography1 & connect ) x a display & comp>ison ( l5ses ( all mak]s1 we %\ld enable ! art to claim its j consid]ation4 ,colonel ,/u>t ,wortley's sugge/ion z to contributions ( negatives w\ld give a photographic exhibition1 if adopt$1 a special te*nical int]e/2 & we might 9 ?is include examples ( negatives by ! dry processes4 ,! "q ( ret\*+ might be decid$ )\t diff]5ce ( op9ion by hav+ two classes ( works--"o t\*$ on ! negative1 & ! o!r 9 :i* no t\*+ o!r ?an /opp+ out p9holes %\ld be p]mitt$4 ,if aw>ds are made--& 9 ?is ,i recall ,colonel ,wortley's m5tion ( ! m$al ( ! ,photographic ,society--no aw>d %\ld be made = a t\*$ negative unless a pr9t f x be=e t\*+ %\ld be submitt$ to ! judges at ! same "t1 b n necess>ily = exhibition4 ,x is cle> t :5 we talk ( excell5ce 9 photography we mean some?+ o!r ?an :at a draughtsman may d 9 ! way ( supplem5t+ photography4 ,works :i* d n ent] = an aw>d may omit m5tion ( ! di/9ction ,i h indicat$4 ,i believe t su* an exhibition w\ld excite a v g5]al int]e/1 & d m to improve ! k ( photograph]s on practical details ?an ye>s ( casual acqua9tance ( :at o!r m5 d4 ,i am1 to a c]ta9 ext5t1 an outsid]1 & _c d m ?an sugge/2 b ,i hope t "s ( ! influ5tial ma/]s ( ! cam]a w take up ! "q4--,i am1 y\rs1 c41 ,w4 ,j4 ,,/illman4 #ajj1 ,cl>5don-road1 ,nott+-hill1 ,janu>y #bi1 #ahgb4 ,,natural ,,col\rs ,,9 ,,photography4 ,to ! ,,editors4 ,,g5tlem51--,la/ night1 z 8,i lay a-?9k+10 ! subject ( obta9+ photographic col\r sudd5ly occurr$ to me1 & ! "q arose z to :e!r ! diff]5ces 9 ! col\rs ( ! light reflect$ f ! surfaces ( diff]5t-col\r$ fl[]s 7z r$1 blue1 & yell[7 0 due to diff]5ces 9 ! con/itution ( _! juices1 or ( ! solid matt] ( :i* !y are =m$4 ,if on exam9ation x prov$ to be ( ! juices1 a second "q arose z to :e!r x w\ld n be possible to take advantage ( ?is 9 ! prep>ation ( plates1 z sugge/$ by me 9 an article :i* y ins]t$ 9 ,,! ,,briti% ,,j\rnal ,,( ,,photography = ,octob] #bg1 #ahfe 7,no4 #bhf1 vol4 xii474 ,!n1 suppos+ t by ?is or any o!r means ! ?ree mono*romic plates 7 obta9able1 w\ld col\r$ glasses plac$ 9 front ( ! l5s help to /op (f ! col\rs n to be repres5t$ on ! plate8 ,?us1 ) a plate s5sitive to blue only1 ! int]position ( a blue glass w\ld prev5t ! transmission ( ! yell[ & r$ rays1 a r$ glass ^? ( ! blue & yell[ rays1 & a yell[ glass t ( ! blue & r$ rays to ! plates s5sitive to ! blue1 r$1 & yell[ rays respectively4 ,i h evid5ce t s e>ly z #ahdb ! late ,sir ,john ,h]s*el obta9$ v>i\sly-col\r$ photographs on pap]1 z he gave me sev]al1 & ,i h /ill "o a good blue1 "o a fair r$1 & two purple4 ,! lett] accompany+ !m describes ! two latt] z produc$ by ! use ( ! juice ( ! r$ poppy2 b _m ( !m h fad$ away entirely4 ,my impression is t o!rs ( !m 7 f vegetable juices1 b ,i am n sure t ?is 0 ! case4 ,!re c be no d\bt1 h[ev]1 t 8 publi%$ pap]s w give an acc\nt ( ! num]\s exp]im5ts he made on ?is subject4 ,^! sugge/ions may1 or may n1 be ( value 9 =w>d+ ! realisation ( ! great desid]atum ( photographic col\r2 b ,i _c be f> wrong 9 m5tion+ !m z !y occur to me1 especially z my =m] communication1 9 #ahfe1 0 ?\ght to be wor? consid]ation by exp]im5tali/s4 ,t ! great end w be atta9$ be=e a v long p]iod has elaps$1 & ! pr$iction ( ,m4 ,niepce be v]ifi$1 t 8"o day a photographic picture w be produc$ su* z "o sees 9 a look+-glass10 is ! hope & wi% (--,y\rs1 c41 ,,h5ry ,,coll54 ,mil=d1 ,godalm+1 ,janu>y #bi1 #ahgb4 ,,! ,,photographic ,,dep>tm5t ,,( ,,! ,,int]national ,,exhibition4 ,to ! ,,editors4 ,,g5tlem51--,! notice :i* ! direction ( ! ,int]national ,exhibition has s5t to y\r ,j\rnal is suffici5tly unsatisfactory to be discuss$ a little be=e ! photographic pr(ession commits itself to ! m]cies ( t in/itution = ano!r su* display z we _h la/ ye>4 ,x seems to "s ( u t ! lea/ ! managem5t c\ld d1 if ! lead+ photograph]s are expect$ to contribute1 w\ld be to put "s "o on ! photographic committee :om !y are accu/om$ to reg>d z id5tifi$ 9 a high degree ) ! int]e/s ( ! art1 or ^: int]e/ 9 x !y feel assur$ (4 ,we %\ld h imag9$ t "o ( ! presid5ts ( ! photographic societies1 or at lea/ "o ( ^? em95t amateurs :o h really contribut$ to ! advancem5t ( photographic sci5ce1 & %[n a dis9t]e/$ devotion to x 9 its pres5t condition1 w\ld h _h ! selection1 or1 at lea/1 a voice 9 ! selection1 ( ! pictures to be exhibit$4 ,z x is1 we h ,dr4 ,diamond1 :o 01 9 ye>s gone by1 int]e/$ 9 photography1 & :o is und]/ood to be 9 ! pres5t comb9ation a passive memb]2 ,mr4 ,?ompson1 ( :om mo/ ( u "k no?+2 & ,col4 ,/u>t ,wortley1 :om "s ( ! pr(ession d n accept z an au?ority1 & 9 ^: position1 z hav+ a comm]cial int]e/ 9 photography 9 no way id5tifi$ ) t ( ! pr(ession at l>ge1 !y f9d excell5t reasons :y he %\ld n be put =w>d z ! judge & spokesman ( x4 ,if a pr(essional photograph] is to be assign$ ?is position1 ,col4 ,wortley's place is n suffici5tly high to ju/ify 8 selection4 ,if an outsid] mu/ be select$1 he is disqualifi$1 z be+ comm]cially int]e/$ on ! "o h& & a disput$ au?ority on ! o!r1 or "o at lea/ to :om few good pr(essionals w def]4--,i am1 y\rs1 c41 ,,hypo4 ,london1 ,janu>y1 #bi1 #ahgb4 ,endors+ all t is said ab\t ! two jurors fir/ m5tion$1 we ask our correspond5t if he c1 aft] due consid]ation1 indicate any photograph]1 pr(essional or amateur1 9 :om a great] degree ( confid5ce w\ld be plac$ ?an 9 ,col4 ,wortley8--,,eds4 ,,comblike ,,m>k+s ,,on ,,! ,,negative4 ,to ! ,,editors4 ,,g5tlem51--,p]haps ! foll[+ may expla9 ! defect 8,j4 ,h4 ,m40 speaks (3--,dur+ ! hot wea!r la/ summ]1 :ile photograph+ an eng9e 9 ! op5 air1 e plate %[$ comblike m>ks at "o side ( ! plate4 ,aft] two days' trial1 & filt]+ ! ba?1 *ang+ ! collodion1 c41 x /ruck me t ! cause might be ! p>tial dry+ ( ! film4 ,a piece ( wet blott+-pap] at ! back ( ea* plate at once rem$i$ ! defect1 & all came "r4 ,i n[ always place wet pap] at ! back "u simil> circum/ances4--,i am1 y\rs1 c41 ,,geo4 ,,sp5c]4 #gg1 ,cannon-/reet1 ,e4,c41 ,janu>y #bf1 #ahgb4 ,,ammonia ,,fum+4 ,to ! ,,editors4 ,,g5tlem51--,9 y\r useful little ,,almanac = ! pres5t ye> !re is an article by ,mr4 ,a4 ,l4 ,h5d]son1 en?usia/ically writt51 9 fav\r ( fum+4 ,n[1 9 accordance ) 8 recomm5dation1 ,i h tri$ ! said fum+2 b my fir/ essay has c]ta9ly n impress$ me v /rongly z reg>ds its fav\rable results--:e!r f my own defective manipulation or n ,i _c say4 ,i f\nd t ! pap]--especially "s ( ,m>ion's ?ick ,saxe--assum$ a mo/ disagreeable yell[ col\r aft] fum+1 & x ma9ta9$ t col\r ?r\gh all subsequ5t op]ations--z a matt] ( c\rse1 spoil+ ! pr9ts4 ,ano!r sample ( 7,rive7 pap] procur$ f ano!r deal] 0 n q s faulty 9 ?is respect2 /ill1 9 nei!r case 0 ! brilliancy ( ! pr9ts enhanc$--r det]iorat$1 ,i ?\ght--al?\gh ,mr4 ,h5d]son ma9ta9s s /\tly ! advantages ( fum+ 9 ?is respect4 ,aga93 in/ead ( ! ton+ be+ quick] & m regul> 9 action1 z ,mr4 ,h5d]son /ates1 ,i f\nd x mu* ! rev]se4 ,i ?9k t ,i mu/ be wrong some:]e 9 my work+1 & ,i wi% to ask y\r op9ion or ,mr4 ,h5d]son's on ! be/ mode ( proce$+--assum+ x to be really wor? :ile to adopt fum+4 ,i us$ an oblong box ab\t two feet 9 l5g? by "o foot 9 bread?1 plac+ at ! bottom a n>r[-neck$ bottle conta9+ ab\t two ounces ( liquor ammonia1 fum+ two qu>t]-%eets ( pap] = ab\t t5 m9utes1 ) ! result above /at$4 ,h ,i omitt$ any necess>y addition8 or h ,i proce$$ wrongly8--,i am1 y\rs1 c41 ,,ammonia ,,fum+4 ,le$s1 ,janu>y #bi1 #ahgb4 ,a ,,correction4 ,to ! ,,editors4 ,,g5tlem51--,9 my communication to ! ,j\rnal la/ week1 at page #cg1 "u head+ ,us+ ! ,sub/ratum1 !re is an omission :i* w\ld prev5t ! successful coat+ ( ! plates4 ,! /r5g? ( ! album5 !re giv5 is t ( ! /ock solution1 to use :i* add two ounces ( di/ill$ wat] to e half-dra*m requir$1 half-a-dra*m ?us dilut$ be+ amply suffici5t to coat fifty plates4--,i am1 y\rs1 c41 ,,aleck4 ,a4 ,,+lis4 ,ed9burgh1 ,janu>y #cj1 #ahgb4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,miscellanea4 ,,trade ,,9 ,,obsc5e ,,photographs4--,a man nam$ ,b5jam9 ,smi?1 alias ,m>t9 ,/anley1 liv+ at ,oil ,mill ,folds1 or ,alma-place1 ,we/gate1 ,ro!rham1 0 *>g$ at ,ro!rham1 on ,?ursday1 ! #be? ult41 ) publi%+ & sell+ photographs ( a k9d to debase & sc&alise human nature4 ,! ,we/ ,rid+ con/abul>y receiv$ in=mation f v>i\s s\rces t photographs ( a mo/ disgu/+ "* 7 be+ circulat$ ?r\gh\t ! ,unit$ ,k+dom1 & ev5 9 o!r c\ntries1 by a man liv+ at ,ro!rham1 :o _h ins]t$ an adv]tisem5t 9 sev]al ,london & prov9cial pap]s1 9 ! "n ( ,smi? & ,/anley1 /at+ t he 0 prep>$ on receipt ( po/age /amps to =w>d portraits ( ,fr5* girls ( a highly novel & excit+ nature4 ,a trap to cat* ! prison] 0 accord+ly laid by ! ,ro!rham police1 an inspector s5d+ to him lett]s sign$ ) an assum$ "n1 & purport+ to come f a place "s di/ance f ,ro!rham4 ,/amps 7 enclos$1 & 9 return a numb] ( photographs ( a mo/ fil?y & disgu/+ nature 7 obta9$4 ,at l5g? "s po/age /amps1 be>+ a private m>k1 7 s5t 9 a lett] to ! prison]1 & ! inspector ( police wat*$ ! po/man deliv] x4 ,he !n ent]$ ! h\se1 & f\nd 8 own lett] conta9+ ! m>k$ /amps1 toge!r ) a numb] ( o!r lett]s1 9 possession ( ! prison]4 ,on ! h\se be+ se>*$ ano!r bea/ly photograph 0 f\nd1 :]eupon ! prison] told ! (fic] t he w\ld f9d no m !re1 z he kept !m at a h\se he m5tion$ at ,%effield4 ,?is h\se 0 accord+ly se>*$ by two (fic]s ( ! ,%effield police =ce1 & !re !y f\nd a numb] ( mo/ fil?y photographs1 toge!r ) pr9t$ li/s describ+ :at ! prison] _h = sale4 ,! prison] 0 appreh5d$ on ! #ad? ( ,janu>y1 & s9ce t "t ne>ly a hundr$ lett]s f all p>ts ( ,engl&1 ,scotl&1 & ,irel& h arriv$ at ! ,ro!rham po/ (fice direct$ to him4 ,! police obta9$ ! p]mission ( ,h] ,maje/y's ,secret>y ( ,/ate & ( ! ,po/ma/]-,g5]al to receive & op5 ^! lett]s1 & !y f\nd1 on do+ s1 t great numb]s ( po/age /amps 7 enclos$1 & "s fil?y photographs & books4 ,! prison] 0 committ$ = trial1 & on application be+ made ! magi/rates intimat$ t !y %\ld require ! prison] to be b\nd 9 ! sum ( #bjj1 & two sureties ( #ajj ea* to be f\nd4 ,,camphor ,,9 ,,! ,,pr9t+ ,,ba?4--,mr4 ,john ,r4 ,clemons gives 9 ,mosaics "s ( 8 exp]i5ce ) camphor 9 ! pr9t+ press4 ,he says3--,aft] ! positive pr9t+ ba? has be5 us$ "s "t x becomes m or less *>g$ ) album54 ,if1 :5 ! solution is p\r$ f ! di% into ! filt]1 fro?y bubbles appe> on ! surface1 x is 9 ! condition nam$1 & is unfit = use 9 s5sitis+ album5 pap]4 ,! reason is obvi\s4 ,:5 an album5 %eet is float$ ^u a silv] solution ?us *>g$ ) album51 a second>y film ( album51 or album5ate ( silv]1 is imp>t$ to x1 :i* deprives x ( its lu/re1 & x is impossible to secure a good tone ^u x4 ,! diff]5ce w be readily se5 by float+ "o-half ( a %eet ( pap] on ! us$ solution1 & ! o!r half on a fre% solution1 & comp>+ ! results4 ,! effect ( silv]+ on su* a solution is simil> to t ( us+ d\bly-album5is$ pap]4 ,9 bo? cases ! silv] w p5etrate bo? films1 ev5 if silv]$ on ! back1 & v good pr9ts app>5tly may be made on pap] s treat$2 b :5 y proce$ to tone !m1 y w f9d t ! d\ble film ( album5 resi/s ! action ( ! gold1 & r5d]s x impossible to get ri* tones4 ,i h already recomm5d$ ! addition ( alcohol to a ba? ?us *>g$ ) album51 & !n burn+ x out1 9 ord] to cleanse ! ba?1 b s9ce h s\ght = a less exp5sive me?od1 & h f\nd camphor to be j :at is ne$$4 ,besides be+ less exp5sive1 x is also m exp$iti\s2 = 9 five m9utes an eighty-ounce ba? c be cleans$ ( all impurities by its use1 z direct$ bel[4 ,make a saturat$ solution ( camphor1 viz43-- ,camphor #a ounce4 ,alcohol #f ounces4 ,to cleanse a ba? :i* is consid]ably f\l$ by ! album51 add two & a-half ounces ( ?is camphor solution4 ,a greasy appe>ance w be pres5t$ on ! surface ( ! ba?4 ,%ake well1 :5 ! greas9ess w disappe>4 ,!n filt]1 nev] us+ ! same filt] twice4 ,if1 aft] filtration1 ! solution turns d>k1 add a c\ple ( drops ( p]manganate ( pota%1 & x w imm$iately cle>4 ,?is turn+ d>k is ow+ to long usage ( ! silv] solution4 ,x is a fact t ! ba? is daily impregnat$ m or less ) ! album51 !re=e a slight addition ( camphor daily is recomm5d$4 ,?is w avoid ! addition ( ! p]manganate1 :i* r decreases ! s5sitiv5ess4 ,z a quick & ready corrective ag5t1 camphor w be f\nd ( great advantage4 ,x w imp>t a camphory smell to ! solution1 b 9 no way det]iorates ! quality ( ! pr9ts4 ,,to ,,copy ,,oil ,,portraits4--,mr4 ,b4 ,frank ,saylor1 9 ,photographic ,mosaics1 says on ?is subject3--,z ,i h nev] se5 any?+ f :i* ,i h d]iv$ any mat]ial aid 9 ! copy+ ( oil portraits1 & especially old ones1 ,i propose simply to give our modus op]&i1 feel+ confid5t t ^? :o d n proce$ 9 l mann] may successfully copy oil pa9t+s1 & especially old portraits4 ,we fir/1 ) a clean sponge & wat]1 p>tially wa% ! old portrait1 & !n p\r p]haps an ounce ( glyc]9e on x1 & ) ! same sponge bru% ! glyc]9e crosswise ov] ! entire picture until x pres5ts a uni=m surface2 or1 %\ld a greasy appe>ance be pres5t$1 some?+ l a negative plate :5 p>tially coat$1 rub g5tly ) ! palm ( ! h& crosswise1 & x is ready = copy+4 ,we copy "u ! skylight1 ab\t :]e we %\ld place ! sitt] = ! same light$ picture1 direct+ ! cam]a to ab\t ! c5tre ( ! picture1 & z ne>ly level z may be4 ,on our cam]a we use a qu>t]-size tube inv]t$--t is1 turn x end = end--) a diaphragm ( ab\t six-eigh?s ( an in* ap]ture1 plac+ ! picture squ>e to ! front ( ! cam]a4 ,aft] mak+ ! necess>y adju/m5ts z to size1 c41 we coat ! plate ) ! same collodion :i* we use = our regul> portrait negatives1 & :5 x is prop]ly coat$ expose fully--t is1 nei!r ov]- nor "u-expose4 ,! success1 h[ev]1 dep5ds on ! manipulation dur+ ! exposure4 ,we take a piece ( backbo>d1 say six in*es wide & ab\t ?ree feet long1 & ) x %ade all ! top ( ! portrait above ! head1 /&+ by ! side ( ! portrait & hold+ ! backbo>d 9 ! h&1 mov+ x up & d[n z ?\gh x 7 h+$ on ! top ( ! portrait1 b n all[+ its %ad[ to come d[n ov] ! =ehead or face1 except ^? p>ts %\ld be improv$ !reby4 ,we produce ! same effect on ! sides ( ! portrait by occasionally mov+ our body at ! same "t ov] portions ( ! backgr\nd1 tak+ c>e n to rema9 p]fectly /ill or too long 9 ! same place1 nor yet to all[ any %ad[ f our p]son or any?+ else to cov] any portion ( ! figure4 ,?us1 ) a little c>e & att5tion1 a v satisfactory backgr\nd is obta9$1 ev5 admitt+ ( desirable v>iation1 !reby avoid+ ! necessity ( a d\ble-pr9t$ backgr\nd & ! l1 & produc+ f a s+le negative & pr9t+ duplicates to equal1 if n to surpass1 ! orig9al1 & e pr9t alike4 ,la/ly3 we develope ) ! usual iron develop]1 us+ six ounces ( iron to sixty-f\r ( wat]2 ?is1 h[ev]1 we aga9 dilute ) wat]1 add+ alcohol1 m or less acetic acid1 accord+ to ! detail & d5sity we wi% to obta94 ------- ,n[ ,ready1 ,cr[n #hvo41 ,price #as42 ,free by ,po/1 #as4 #b;d4 ,,! ,,briti% ,,j\rnal ,,photographic ,,almanac ,,& ,,photograph]',s ,,daily ,,companion ,,= #ahgb4 ,edit$ by ,j4 ,t4 ,,taylor4--,! volume embraces e subject t c be ( any use to ! ,amateur & ,pr(essional ,photograph]4 ,! ,editor has be5 assi/$ by num]\s collaborateurs1 embrac+ ne>ly all ! lead+ writ]s connect$ ) ! ,art-,sci5ce ( ,photography4 ,"s idea may be =m$ ( ! l>ge body ( int]e/+ & important in=mation br\ght toge!r )9 ! compass ( ?is ,volume f ! fact t upw>ds ( ,sixty practical work]s 9 ,photography h contribut$ orig9al articles to ?is issue ( ,,! ,,briti% ,,j\rnal ,,photographic ,,almanac4 ,london3 ,,h5ry ,,gre5wood1 publi%]1 #b1 ,york-/reet1 ,cov5t-g>d51 ,w4,c4 ,,ex*ange ,,column4 ,no *>ge is made = ins]t+ ^! ann\ncem5ts2 b 9 no case d we ins]t any article m]ely (f]$ = sale1 t be+ done at ! small co/ ( "o %ill+ 9 our adv]tis+ pages4 ,?is column is devot$ to ex*anges only4 ,x is imp]ative t ! "n ( ! p]son propos+ ! ex*ange be giv5 7al?\gh n necess>ily = publication1 if a nom de plume be ?\ght desirable71 o!rwise ! notice w n appe>4 ,i w ex*ange a ,m>ion's emboss+ press = cameo c>tes1 co/ #d #ajs41 = any?+ useful 9 photography4 ,(f]s invit$4--,address1 ,t4 ,,kay1 ,l>k ,hill ,h\se1 ,bolton4 ,a v sup]ior #cf-;in* photograph]'s bicycle w be ex*ang$ = a f9e collection ( lant]n slides1 revolv+ /]eoscope1 or o!r photographic mat]ials4 ,(f]s solicit$4 ,photograph & p>ticul>s on application4--,address1 ,h4 ,,rog]son1 #aj1 ,spr+cliff1 ,brad=d4 ,i wi% to ex*ange an ext]ior backgr\nd1 by ,bull1 cab9et size1 = ano!r1 or any?+ useful = ! /udio2 x 0 new la/ ,june1 & co/ #cgs4 #f;d4 ,(f]s also want$ = a s+le half-plate view l5s1 by ,home & ,?orn?waite4 ,photographs ex*ang$4--,address1 ,photographic ,in/itute1 ,portmadoc4 ,,answ]s ,,to ,,correspond5ts4 ------- ,correspond5ts %\ld nev] write on bo? sides ( ! pap]4 ------- ,,james ,,tulley4--,receiv$4 ,9 our next4 ,,geo4 ,,daniel4--,pr(essor ,:eat/one 0 ! inv5tor ( ! reflect+ /]eoscope4 ,an acc\nt ( 8 inv5tion 0 publi%$ 9 #ahch 9 ! ,philosophical ,transactions4 ,h4 ,w4--,! c>te enclos$ is a v pretty "o1 bo? 9 respect ( ! subject & ! treatm5t4 ,_h ! oval be5 omitt$ & ! dome alone us$ ! effect w\ld h be5 bett]4 ,,photo4--,let ! s\? side ( ! /udio be glaz$--n ) cle> b ) gr\nd glass4 ,%\ld ?is n be procurable 9 y\r t[n1 use pla9 glass1 & dab x ov] ) putty4 ,,crawdon4--,india-rubb] f+]-/alls w prove an effectual means ( keep+ f+]s clean4 ,we d n use !m ourselves2 b we "k sev]al g5tlem5 :o d4 ,!y co/ ab\t ?reep5ce ea*4 ,,ea/ ,,anglican4--,!re is no rem$y = ! spots 9 ! pap] except m c>e 9 ! selection4 ,! spots are ow+ to m9ute p>ticles ( metal introduc$ into ! pap] :5 9 a /ate ( pulp4 ,t4 ,m4 7,newca/le-on-,tyne74--,s f> z we "k1 ! only h\se 9 ! photographic trade f :i* y c obta9 :at is want$ is t ( ,mr4 ,f4 ,w4 ,h>t1 #h1 ,k+sl&-gre54 ,! o!r matt] %all receive att5tion4 ,w4 ,w4--#a4 ,a vessel made ( gutta-p]*a w bo? de/roy & ev5tually be de/roy$ by a solution ( nitrate ( silv]4--#b4 ,slate does n appe> to affect a nitrate ba?4--#c4 ,bees' wax is n decompos$ by ?is solution4 ,,pietro ,,con/ant9o ,,remond9i 7,g5oa74--,enclosure receiv$ ) ?anks4 ,! ,,almanac 0 po/$ on ! #bbnd ,janu>y4 ,g4 ,w4 ,h4--,x is q impossible f su* sl5d] data u t suppli$ by y to obta9 ! in=mation desir$1 b f ! nature ( ! subject we are /rongly ( op9ion t x w\ld be dang]\s = y to foll[ out y\r propos$ int5tion4 ,,inquisitive ,,read]4--,y are mi/ak5 9 y\r supposition conc]n+ ! au?or ( ! article4 ,he is n an amateur1 b a pr(essional ( high /&+1 :o1 = c]ta9 reasons1 pref]s ! adoption ( a nom de plume to giv+ 8 own "n4 ,,inquir]4--,we c\ld n 9 ?is column give y a prop] idea ( pol>is$ light4 ,! 8?ree words0 into :i* y w\ld l ! in=mation compress$ w\ld h to be ext5d$ to _m m be=e we gave y or our read]s a cle> idea ( ! nature & prop]ties ( pol>is$ light4 ,,photoli?o4--,we are aw>e t ,mr4 ,woodbury has s alt]$ 8 process z to get rid ( ! necessity = us+ a prelim9>y coat+ ( collodion4 ,he n[ pr9ts on ! b>e gelat9e1 & aft] exposure m\nts ! film1 s5sitive side d[nw>ds1 on a plate ( glass coat$ ) gelat9e & *rome alum4 ,,portraits ,,by ,,! ,,magnesium ,,light4--,mr4 ,w4 ,g4 ,lewis has s5t u "s c>te portraits tak5 at night by ! magnesium light1 :i* %[ t 9 8 h&s ?is neglect$ bran* ( photography is v successfully manag$4 ,! faces are full ( delicate half-tone4 ,! "t ( exposure 0 ?ree times t requir$ 9 ord9>y daylight4 ,,george ,,?ompson4--#a4 ,al?\gh we d n e/eem ! mak] ( y\r l5s z "o ( ! be/1 he has1 = all t1 a fair reputation 9 8 own c\ntry2 & we "k t he has made "s good l5ses4 ,we h n1 h[ev]1 he>d ( him = sev]al ye>s pa/4--#b4 ,dr4 ,monckhov5 is a deal] 9 app>atus--n a manufactur] ( l5ses4 ,f4 ,c4 ,s4--,ideas (t5 run 9 p>allel grooves4 ,= sev]al weeks pa/ we h be5 us+ our note-book v freely 9 ! collection ( mat]ials = su* a s]ies ( articles z t sugge/$ by y4 ,"s ( ! in=mation requir$ to r5d] ! s]ies ( ! greate/ possible value is only procurable ) mu* difficulty & at no little exp5se2 /ill1 su* progress 9 ! compilation has be5 made z w w>rant ! indulg5ce ( a hope t we may be able to introduce ! subject at no di/ant date4 ,,erratum4--,9 ,mr4 ,coote's article 9 our la/ numb]1 page #ch1 second column1 elev5? l9e f top1 = 8y are apt to hurry & free ! developm5t10 read 8,,=ce ! developm5t40 ,mr4 ,coote also in=ms u t 9 ! middle p>agraph ( ! fir/ column 9 ! same page1 a s5t5ce !re 9 :i* he gave 8 reason = discont9u+ ! use ( ! salt ba? = wa%+ ! plates w read bett] & m correctly z foll[s3--8,fir/ly3 ,i f\nd ! extra salt ba? & long wa%+ requir$ aft] x to consid]ably l5g!n an already suffici5tly t$i\s me?od ( prep>ation40 ,,subscrib]4--,excuse pla9 speak+1 b y\r pictures are by no means good--9 fact1 !y are v bad4 ,we are at a loss z to :at to attribute _! special qualities--:e!r to want ( c>e or want ( k & exp]i5ce4 ,c>elessness1 to all appe>ance1 has _h mu* to d ) ! matt]2 = ! plate has be5 badly coat$ & is torn1 & ! develop] has n fl[$ smoo?ly ov] ! surface4 ,aft] y h acquir$ "s m exp]i5ce & dext]ity 9 manipulation write aga91 enclos+ a specim54 ,y ne$ n ent]ta9 any fe> ( y\r "n & address be+ divulg$4 ,w4 ,k4--,no m easy & exp$iti\s me?od ( collect+ oxyg5 9 a bag c be adopt$ ?an t :i* has s (t5 be5 describ$ 9 our ,almanacs & ,j\rnals1 viz41 connect+ ! bag ) ! wa%+ bottle by means ( an india-rubb] tube1 ! bottle be+ 9 turn connect$ ) ! retort 9 :i* ! oxyg5 is g5]at$4 ,! me?od ( mak+ oxyg5 f *lorate ( pota% & black oxide ( manganese is ! simple/1 *eape/1 & be/ to adopt :5 only a small quantity is requir$4 ,by a small quantity we "h mean su* a quantity z w be requir$ by a pr(essional enl>g] ( photographs 9 full practice4 ,,sam ,,well] says--8#a4 ,c y in=m me :at ! me?od is = enl>g+ designs = calico or z9c plates to be engrav$ = ! purpose ( trac+ f by p5tagraph8--#b4 ,also z to ! mann] ( build+ a suitable glass h\se1 & k9d ( light--nor? or s\?8--#c4 ,also1 if a *eap cond5s] = ! sol> cam]a may be made by cem5t+ a clock glass to a plate ( %eet glass & fill+ x ) wat]80----,we reply3--#a4 ,a design c be plac$ ^u a z9c plate by ! comb9ation ( enl>g+ & photoli?ography1 or by transf]r+ a c>bon enl>gem5t4--#b4 ,a nor? light is bett] ?an a s\?2 = ! re/1 x w be necess>y to consult an ar*itect4--#c4 ,?is qu]y is answ]$ ) "s degree ( m9ut5ess 9 ! fir/ p>agraph ( page #cj ( our ,,almanac = ! pres5t ye>4 ,,old ,,h>ry asks--8,:at is a pi/olgram80 ,we are to "s ext5t a%am$ ( ! def9ition we are ab\t to give1 b we c (f] no o!r4 ,x is a small picture tak5 by a pi/olgraph1 & ?is1 9 turn1 is a small cam]a introduc$ by ,mr4 ,?omas ,skaife1 by :i* photographs might be tak5 ) a v rapid exposure4 ,we /rongly suspect t 8,old ,h>ry0 kn[s m ( ! subject ?an he wi%es u to believe1 o!rwise :y put ! "q conc]n+ ! great] angul>ity ( ap]ture t is possible to be obta9$ ) a %ort ?an ) a long-focus l5s8 & to :i* we reply t1 )\t at pres5t speculat+ on ! cause1 ! effect is j z he /ates x to be4 ,! same pr9ciple applies to ! object-glasses ( microscopes1 & x is an important elem5t 9 ! recognition ( object-glasses ( ! highe/ quality4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,cont5ts4 ,,page ,a ,,"* ,,( ,,c]ta9 ,,pres]vative ,,films #dg ,a ,,%ellac ,,v>ni% #dg ,,bli/]+ ,,( ,,album5 ,,surfaces4 ,by ,f4 ,w4 ,,h>t1 #dg ,f4,c4,s4 ,,collodio-,,bromide4 ,by ,j4 ,w4 ,,g\gh #dh ,,! ,,fad+ ,,( ,,m]cury-,,ton$ ,,transp>5cies4 ,by #dh ,,don ,,quixote ,,notes ,,on ,,pass+ ,,ev5ts4 ,by ,a ,,p]ipatetic #di ,,photograph] ,,transalp9e ,,photography4 ,by ,p4 ,,le ,,neve ,,fo/]1 ,m4,a #di ,,! ,,e>s ,,& ,,?umbs ,,( ,,cont5tion #ej ,,meet+s ,,( ,,societies #ec ,,correspond5ce #ec ,,answ]s ,,to ,,correspond5ts1 c4 #eh ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,transcrib]'s ,notes3 ,miss+ or obscur$ punctuation 0 sil5tly correct$4 ,typographical errors 7 sil5tly correct$4 ,inconsi/5t spell+ & hyph5ation 7 made consi/5t only :5 a pr$om9ant =m 0 f\nd 9 ?is book4 ,text t 0 9 italics is enclos$ by und]scores 7italics74