,illu/ration3 ,floral decoration ,,key ,,& ,,guide ,,to ,,native ,,trees1 ,,%rubs ,,& ,,woody ,,v9es ,,( ,,dallas ,,c\nty by ,,norma ,,/illwell ,dallas1 ,texas ,april1 #aici ,,pr9t$ ,,by ,,proctor-,,adams ,,pr9t+ ,,s]vice ,,dallas1 ,,texas ,illu/ration3 ,floral decoration ,,preface ,?is simple key & guide to ! woody plants--trees1 %rubs & woody v9es--:i* gr[ naturally 9 ,dallas ,c\nty1 ,texas1 has be5 prep>$ to help beg9n]s ( any age 9 gett+ bett] acqua9t$ ) ^! leafy neighbors & fri5ds4 ,woody plants (f] "o ( ! be/ places to beg9 a /udy ( nature3 fir/ because !re are b few k9ds to le>n 9 comp>ison ) _m o!r liv+ =ms--ab\t #ij ( ^! plants aga9/ e/imat$ numb]s = ! c\nty ( ab\t #cjj birds1 #ejj to #ajjj o!r fl[]+ plants & ov] #be1jjj insects2 second1 woody plants rema9 9 "o place1 freely available = obs]vation at any h\r or season & ye> aft] ye>--if !y escape human int]f]5ce4 ,& :at m helpful l9k t[>d acqua9tance ) o!r int]e/+ =ms ( natural life c be f\nd ?an an intimate fri5d%ip ) _! mutual fri5ds1 ! trees6 ,! di/9ctions betwe5 trees & %rubs or betwe5 %rubs & woody v9es are (t5 purely arbitr>y1 dep5d+ 9 "p on age4 ,a plant :i* gr[s at lea/ tw5ty feet tall & usually 7n always7 has j "o woody1 self-support+ /em at ! gr\nd is consid]$ a tree4 ,a plant :i* r>ely gr[s tall] ?an tw5ty feet1 9 a giv5 region1 & usually has m ?an "o woody /em ris+ f ! gr\nd is consid]$ a %rub4 ,! sep>ation ( h]bs f woody plants divides ^? plants :i* usually die d[n to ! gr\nd ea* w9t] f ^? hav+ woody /ems :i* p]si/ above gr\nd ye> aft] ye>4 ,"s n9ety diff]5t woody plants are di/+ui%$ f "o ano!r & briefly describ$ 9 ?is key & guide4 ,ea* description repres5ts a s+le species ) ! exception ( ! cactus1 yucca1 r$ oaks & r$ haws2 ! diff]5ces betwe5 ! v>i\s species ( ^! plants are too complex = ?is brief manual4 ,sci5tific names are includ$ "h1 n ) any ?\ght t !y %\ld be memoriz$ or t !y ne$ be us$ 9 ord9>y conv]sation1 b to avoid ! possibility ( misund]/&+s su* z (t5 arise f "s common names :i* are us$ by diff]5t p]sons to designate diff]5t plants4 ,_m plants h m ?an "o common "n & (t5 "o common "n is us$ = two or m q unlike plants4 ,common names li/$ fir/ are ! ones consid]$ m suitable4 ,! fir/ "p ( ! sci5tific "n repres5ts ! g5us 7plural1 g5]a71 a degree ( relation%ip or gr\p+ small] ?an ! family b m inclusive ?an ! species4 ,! second "n repres5ts ! species or specific k9d ( plant2 species are occasionally divid$ into v>ieties 7v>474 ,! abbreviation foll[+ ! sci5tific "n /&s = ! "n ( ! botani/ :o fir/ describ$ or nam$ ! plant1 sci5tifically4 ,l4 /&s = ,l9naeus1 8! fa!r ( mod]n botany01 :o fir/ us$ ?is d\ble-"n 7b9omial7 sy/em ( sci5tific classification4 ,m ext5d$ descriptions & fur!r in=mation ab\t ^! plants may be f\nd 9 "s ( ! ref]5ce books li/$ 9 ! back ( ?is booklet2 _m1 if n all ( !m1 are available 9 ! ,dallas ,public ,libr>y4 ,only ! m necess>y te*nical words h be5 us$ & ^! are def9$ or illu/rat$ h]e94 ,al?\gh ?is booklet endeavors to include all ! woody plants gr[+ naturally 9 ,dallas ,c\nty1 no d\bt omissions & errors w be f\nd & ! au?or w be glad to be in=m$ ( !m4 ,grateful ackn[l$gem5t is made to ,dr4 ,w4 ,m4 ,longneck] & ,dr4 ,e4 ,p4 ,*eatum ( ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,biology1 ,s\!rn ,me?odi/ ,univ]sity1 & to ,dr4 ,b4 ,c4 ,?>p ( ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,botany & ,bact]iology1 ,univ]sity ( ,texas1 = _! mo/ helpful sugge/ions & criticisms4 ,al?\gh ?is booklet is bas$ ^u ! field obs]vations ( ! au?or & h] husb&1 ,j]ry ,e4 ,/illwell1 :o assi/$ h] 9 _m ways1 %e has made free use ( su* te*nical in=mation z 0 ne$$ f ! volumes li/$ 9 ! bibliography4 ,! illu/rations us$ 9 ?is publication 7 drawn = x by ,alice ,f]guson4 ,,norma ,,/illwell1 ,dallas1 ,texas4 ,copyright #aici by ! au?or4 ,,h[ ,,to ,,use ,,! ,,key ,?is key is bas$ *iefly on leaves & twigs1 z !y (f] ! easie/ clues = id5tification1 especially 9 ?is climate :]e leaves are pres5t ab\t ?ree-f\r?s ( ! ye>4 ,! be/ me?od ( /udy is to c>ry ?is booklet to ! woody plant or plants y want to "k4 ,if ?is is n conv5i5t1 h at lea/ a leafy twig 9 h&4 ,:5 collect+ specim5s = /udy 7a l>ge-pag$ magaz9e w d = c>ry+ & press+71 notes %\ld include ! date & location1 any peculi>ities ( ! b>k1 nature ( ?orns if n on ! specim5 tak51 color ( twigs or any o!r features :i* might *ange 9 dry+1 fl[]s or se$s or any su* extra clues :i* might help to f9d ! "r "n = ! plant4 ,small specim5s ( leafy twigs may be tak5 9 suitable locations )\t endang]+ or damag+ woody plants provid$ !y are always cut1 nev] torn f ! bran*es4 ,! sizes z well z %apes ( leaves are usually m typical on old] plants or on ! high] bran*es ( trees4 ,:5 ei!r leaves or twigs are describ$ z opposite1 ?is condition w be f\nd to be true = bo?1 al?\gh sometimes ! opposite memb] is miss+2 b leaflets 7leaf-l units ( a comp\nd leaf7 may sometimes be opposite :5 ! complete leaves are n--! position ( leaves1 n leaflets1 is us$ 9 ?is key4 ,! t]ms r>e1 common or abundant are us$ to apply solely to ,dallas ,c\nty4 ,beg9 ) ! numb]s #a 9 ! key & decide :i* ( ^! fits ! woody plant ^: "n y are seek+4 ,turn to ! key numb] foll[+ ! #a y h *os5 & aga9 *oose betwe5 ! two descriptions be>+ ! same numb]4 ,cont9ue ?is process until y h rea*$ ! "n ( a plant4 ,?is "n w be foll[$ by "s numb] above #bjj2 turn to ?is numb] 9 ! guide & see :e!r ?is m complete description fits4 ,if ea* ( y\r *oices 9 ! key has be5 correct y n[ "k ! "n ( y\r plant4 ,if ?is description 9 ! guide does n fit y\r plant1 g ov] ! key aga91 select+ ?is "t ! o!r *oice at any numb] :]e y may h be5 9 d\bt4 ,:5ev] x has be5 necess>y to use an obscure or v>iable *>act]i/ic an ef=t has be5 made s to arrange ! key t ! "r answ] w be rea*$ :i*ev] ! *oice4 ,t is :y "s plant names appe> m ?an once 9 ! key4 ,if ! foll[+ po9ts are not$ any c>eful obs]v] %\ld be successful 9 id5tify+ ! native woody plants ( ,dallas ,c\nty by ! use ( ?is key4 ,x w be f\nd helpful 9 o!r regions :]e ! native plants are simil> to ^? ( ,dallas ,c\nty4 #a4 ,look c>efully = ?orns or prickles4 #b4 ,notice any?+ unusual ab\t ! b>k ( trunk & bran*es--knotty1 flaky1 peel+1 color1 etc4 #c4 ,try to *oose mature leaves ( typical %apes & sizes r ?an ! unusual ones4 #d4 ,look = fl[]s1 fruits or se$s on or "u a tree or o!r woody plant4 ,^! may furni% j ! confirmation y ne$ to feel sure ( ! "r "n4 ,,gloss>y axil3 ! angle :]e a leaf /em jo9s a twig4 decidu\s3 los+ its leaves 9 w9t]1 n ev]gre54 dioeci\s3 be>+ /am9ate1 or male1 fl[]s on sep>ate plants f ! pi/illate1 or fruit-be>+ fl[]s2 h5ce "s plants ( c]ta9 species nev] be> fruits or se$s4 fruit3 t "p ( any plant :i* conta9s ! se$s4 l5ticel3 air pore 9 ! b>k4 monoeci\s3 be>+ ! two k9ds ( fl[]s on ! same plant4 opaque3 n admitt+ or transmitt+ light4 p]fect3 hav+ bo? /am5s & pi/ils 9 "o fl[]1 z mo/ %[y fl[]s h4 pi/illate3 possess+ a pi/il or pi/ils & lack+ /am5s2 female1 or fruit-be>+4 /am9ate3 possess+ /am5s & lack+ a pi/il2 male1 or poll5-be>+4 transluc5t3 admitt+ "s light b n cle> or transp>5t4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fl[]s & ,,twigs ,spike ,cyme ,umbel ,panicle ,catk9 ,twigs ,opposite w9t] bud leaf sc> ,alt]nate ,fl[] ,p>ts an!r pi/il /am5 sepal petal ,pea ,%ap$ ,fl[] ,illu/ration3 ,,types ,,( ,,simple ,,leaves ,elliptical ,acute ,tip ,co>sely ,s]rate 7too!d7 ,m>g9 ,lob$ ,r\nd$ ,po9t$ ,oblong ,cr5ate ,m>g9 ,midrib ,ovate ,acum9ate ,tip ,not*$ ,m>g9 ,truncate ,base ,l9e> ,he>t ,s]rate ,m>g9 ,m ?an "o ma9 ve9 at ! base ,sickle ,obovate ,d\bly ,s]rate ,m>g9 ve9s unit$ ne> m>g9 ,illu/ration3 ,,comp\nd ,,leaves ,p9nate odd leaflet ,palmate ,twice ,p9nate leaflet ,,key ,,to ,,native ,,woody ,,plants ,,( ,,dallas ,,c\nty ,bas$ ,pr9cipally ,on ,leaves ,numb]s bel[ #bjj ref] to ! key1 above #bjj to ! guide 7p4 #bj74 #a4 ,leaves ev]gre5 #b #a4 ,leaves decidu\s #g #b4 ,leaves p9nately comp\nd #ga #b4 ,leaves n p9nately comp\nd #c #c4 ,plants ) v ?ick1 fle%y1 flatt5$1 leaf-l /ems1 usually cov]$ ) _m prickles prickly-pe> cactus #bfi #c4 ,leaves n v ?ick & fle%y & n prickly except at tips #d #d4 ,leaves 9 l>ge rosette close to gr\nd #e #d4 ,leaves ne$le-l1 n 9 rosettes #f #e4 ,leaves sword-%ap$ yucca #bje #e4 ,leaves fan-%ap$ palmetto 7r>e7 #bjc #f4 ,inn] b>k yell[i% br[n1 b]ries light blue r$ c$> #bja #f4 ,inn] b>k d>k] br[n1 b]ries l>g] & d>k]1 purpli% m\nta9 c$> 7r>e7 #bjb #g4 ,leaves simple #h #g4 ,leaves comp\nd #fg #h4 ,leaves & twigs alt]nate #i #h4 ,leaves & twigs opposite #ed ,leaves ,simple & ,alt]nate #i4 ,leaves l9e> 7long & n>r[7 #aa #i4 ,leaves n l9e> #aj #aj4 ,leaves smoo? & v glossy on bo? sides1 broadly truncate at base1 /ems flatt5$ cottonwood #bjg #aj4 ,leaves n possess+ all ?ree *>act]i/ics z giv5 9 #aj above #ab #aa4 ,leaves usually less ?an in* wide1 midrib yell[i% & prom95t on bo? sides will[ #bjf #aa4 ,leaves usually m ?an in* wide1 midrib n yell[i% nor prom95t on bo? sides pea* #bci #ab4 ,trunks or twigs ) ?orns or sp9es #ac #ab4 ,trunks & twigs )\t ?orns or sp9es #ah #ac4 ,?orny v9es gre5bri] #bjd #ac4 ,?orny trees or %rubs #ad #ad4 ,leaf m>g9s entire 7smoo?7 #ag #ad4 ,leaf m>g9s n entire1 v>i\sly s]rate or too!d #ae #ae4 ,leaves ei!r blunt at tip or %all[ly lob$ or cut1 prim>y ve9s usually /raight to m>g9s1 (t5 d\bly s]rate r$ haws #bcb #ae4 ,leaves po9t$ at tip1 s]rate1 n cut or lob$1 ve9s unit$ or curv+ ne> m>g9s #af #af4 ,leaf wid? m ?an half ! l5g?1 leaf flat1 gl&s1 if pres5t on leaf-/em ne> leaf1 d>k wild plum 7tree7 #bcg #af4 ,leaf wid? less ?an half ! l5g?1 t5d+ to fold l5g?wise1 usually two bright r$ gl&s on leaf-/em ne> leaf dw>f plum #bch #ag4 ,leaf smoo? or glossy1 tip po9t$1 juice ( /em milky bois d'arc or ,osage orange #bbf #ag4 ,leaf wooly on "u side1 especially :5 "y1 usually r blunt at tip1 juice ( /em n milky wooly bumelia1 *ittam wood or gum ela/ic #bgb #ah4 ,leaves ei!r lob$ or co>sely too!d #cc #ah4 ,leaves nei!r lob$ nor co>sely too!d1 sometimes d\bly too!d #ai #ai4 ,leaf m>g9 s]rate or cr5ate or d\bly too!d #bj #ai4 ,leaf m>g9 smoo? or wavy #dg #bj4 ,v9es rattan #bfa #bj4 ,n v9es #ba #ba4 ,leaf m>g9s d\bly too!d 7l>ge & small tee?7 #bb #ba4 ,leaf m>g9s n d\bly too!d #be #bb4 ,leaves #c to #g in*es long1 twigs n corky w+$ #bc #bb4 ,leaves #a to #c in*es long1 twigs sometimes corky w+$ #bd #bc4 ,inn] b>k mucilag9\s 78slipp]y0 :5 *ew$71 leaves r\gh above1 d[ny bel[ r$ or slipp]y elm #bbj #bc4 ,inn] b>k n mucilag9\s1 leaves r smoo? above & d[ny bel[ :ite or ,am]ican elm #bba #bd4 ,leaves #a to #b in*es long1 r blunt tips1 fl[]s 9 fall c$> elm #bbb #bd4 ,leaves #a to #c in*es long1 tap]+ po9t1 fl[]s 9 spr+ w+$ elm 7r>e7 #bbc #be4 ,b>k ( trunk ) w>ty or knotty projections r\gh-leav$ hackb]ry #bbd #be4 ,b>k ( trunk )\t w>ty projections #bf #bf4 ,leaf l5g? m ?an #d times wid? pea* #bci #bf4 ,leaf l5g? less ?an #c times wid? #bg #bg4 ,l>g] twigs ) :iti% cross-/reaks1 fl[]s & fruit 9 catk9-l racemes wild *]ry 7r>e7 #bcf #bg4 ,twigs )\t :iti% cross-/reaks1 fl[]s & fruits n 9 racemes #bh #bh4 ,l[e/ pair ( prim>y leaf ve9s mu* long] ?an o!rs ,new ,j]sey tea #bfj #bh4 ,l[e/ pair ( prim>y leaf ve9s n mu*1 if any1 long] ?an o!rs #bi #bi4 ,leaf ve9s & midrib yell[i% & prom95t on "u side1 prim>y ve9s closely & ev5ly spac$ ,indian *]ry #bei #bi4 ,leaf ve9s & midrib n yell[i%1 if prom95t on "u side n closely & ev5ly spac$ #cj #cj4 ,leaves #c to #e in*es long 7r>ely mu* l>g]71 sometimes mitt5-%ap$ or1 on "y %oots1 intricately lob$1 m>g9s r co>sely s]rate or too!d r$ mulb]ry #bbg #cj4 ,leaves #a to #c in*es long1 m>g9s f9ely s]rate or cr5ate1 n lob$ #ca #ca4 ,leaves #a to #b in*es long1 m>g9s cr5ate1 ve9lets n conspicu\s1 twigs pale gray swamp holly #bec #ca4 ,leaves #b to #c in*es long1 m>g9s s]rate1 ve9lets nett$ & conspicu\s bel[1 twigs purpli% or r$di% #cb #cb4 ,wid? ( leaves m ?an half _! l5g?1 flat1 gl&s on leaf-/em d>k wild plum 7tree7 #bcg #cb4 ,wid? ( leaves less ?an half _! l5g?1 t5d+ to fold l5g?wise1 usually #b bright r$ gl&s on leaf-/em ne> leaf dw>f plum #bch #cc4 ,lob$ or co>sely too!d leaves on v9es #cd #cc4 ,lob$ or co>sely too!d leaves n on v9es #ch #cd4 ,leaf m>g9s smoo?1 ?\gh sometimes slightly lob$ #ce #cd4 ,leaf m>g9s deeply lob$ or co>sely too!d or bo? #cf #ce4 ,leaves #b to #d in*es long ,c>ol9a moonse$ 7s>sap>illa7 #bbi #ce4 ,leaves #d to #aj in*es long ,canada moonse$ 7v r>e7 #bcj #cf4 ,leaf surfaces n d[ny or wooly #cg #cf4 ,at lea/ l[] leaf surfaces some:at wooly grapes #bff & #bfg #cg4 ,leaves mo/ly #c-;divid$ or deeply lob$ or cut1 fle%y c[-it* v9e #bfd #cg4 ,leaves co>sely too!d1 n divid$ or deeply lob$1 grapelike except ?9 & smoo?1 or ne>ly smoo? ,cissus ampelopsis #bfe #ch4 ,leaves z broad z long sycamore #bca #ch4 ,leaves n z broad z long #ci #ci4 ,leaves too!d1 n t\gh1 r\gh above1 n broad] t[>d tip1 (t5 lob$ on "y trees r$ mulb]ry #bbg #ci4 ,leaves t\gh1 n r\gh above1 lob$ or not*$ #dj #dj4 ,leaves regul>ly not*$ b n deeply lob$ #dd #dj4 ,leaves deeply lob$ or else broad] t[>d tip1 n regul>ly not*$ #da #da4 ,lobes few & %all[ or %>p-po9t$ at tips #db #da4 ,lobes n %>p-po9t$ at tips #de #db4 ,lobes1 if any1 few & %all[ & ne> tip1 leaves decid$ly broad] t[>d tip #dc #db4 ,leaves ) sev]al to _m %>p-po9t$ lobes1 "s ( !m always fairly deep1 v>i\sly %ap$1 7m ?an "o species7 r$ oaks #bai #dc4 ,leaves #d to #aj in*es long black jack oak #bah #dc4 ,leaves #b to #c in*es long wat] oak1 duck oak or p9 oak #bag #dd4 ,leaf not*es po9t$ *9quap9 oak #baf #dd4 ,leaf not*es r\nd$ swamp *e/nut oak #bae #de4 ,leaves #f to #ab in*es long bur oak #bad #de4 ,leaves less ?an #f in*es long #df #df4 ,leaves #c to #e in*es long po/ oak #bab #df4 ,leaves less ?an #c in*es long scrub oak #bac ,leaf ,m>g9s ,smoo? or ,wavy1 ,n ,lob$ or ,too!d #dg4 ,v9es #dh #dg4 ,n v9es #ej #dh4 ,leaves #b to #d in*es long ,c>ol9a moonse$ #bbi #dh4 ,leaves #d to #aj in*es long #di #di4 ,leaves deeply he>t-%ap$ at base1 wooly1 leaf m>g9 n ext5d+ beyond base ( /em1 n angl$ or lob$ wooly pipev9e #bbh #di4 ,leaves n always deeply he>t-%ap$ at base1 n wooly1 leaf m>g9 ext5d+ slightly beyond base ( /em1 leaves (t5 angl$ or %all[ly lob$ ,canada moonse$ 7v r>e7 #bcj #ej4 ,leaves broad1 at lea/ ne>ly z broad z long1 m ?an "o ma9 ve9 at base r$buds #bdj & #bda #ej4 ,leaves decid$ly long] ?an wide1 "o ma9 ve9 at base #ea #ea4 ,leaves smoo? or %9y above #eb #ea4 ,leaves n smoo?1 or %9y above s\!rn hackb]ry #bbe #eb4 ,leaf midrib & ve9s yell[ & v prom95t b5ea?1 prim>y ve9s closely & ev5ly spac$1 n bran*$ ,indian *]ry #bei #eb4 ,leaf ve9s n v prom95t b5ea?1 n yell[1 n ev5ly spac$ #ec #ec4 ,leaves broad] t[>d tip1 sometimes lob$ #dc #ec4 ,leaves n broad] t[>d tip1 n lob$ p]simmon #bgc ,leaves ,simple & ,opposite #ed4 ,upp] pairs ( leaves (t5 unit$ ar\nd /em #ee #ed4 ,upp] pairs ( leaves n unit$ ar\nd /em #ef #ee4 ,a v9e1 leaves ev]gre5 coral honeysuckle 7r>e7 #bhb #ee4 ,a %rub1 ?\gh "s ( /ems long & /raggl+ bu% honeysuckle #bhc #ef4 ,leaf m>g9s entire or wavy #eg #ef4 ,leaf m>g9s s]rate or co>sely too!d #fc #eg4 ,leaves to #a in*es long #eh #eg4 ,leaves #a to #aj in*es long #ei #eh4 ,leaves light yell[i% gre51 glossy1 n>r[ly oblong-obovate ,/4 ,&rew's cross 7s&y l&7 #bfh #eh4 ,leaves d>k gre5 above1 light] & d[ny b5ea?1 n glossy1 ovate ,indian currant #bhd #ei4 ,leaves glossy above1 (t5 9 :orls ( ?ree or sometimes m1 midrib broad & yell[ button bu% #bha #ei4 ,leaves n glossy above1 n 9 :orls1 midrib n yell[ #fj #fj4 ,leaves #g to #aj in*es long catalpa or cig> tree 7r>e7 #bgi #fj4 ,leaves less ?an #f in*es long #fa #fa4 ,twigs d>k1 ) conspicu\s light dots1 prim>y ve9s n prom95t bel[ nor ind5t$ above1 usually less ?an #b in*es long swamp privet #bgg #fa4 ,twigs )\t conspicu\s light dots1 prim>y ve9s prom95t bel[ & ind5t$ above1 usually ov] #b in*es long #fb #fb4 ,leaves smoo? b n glossy above1 t5d+ to clu/] t[>ds ends ( twigs fl[]+ dogwood 7r>e7 #bgj #fb4 ,leaves r\gh above1 di/ribut$ along bran*lets dw>f or r\gh-leav$ dogwood #bga #fc4 ,twigs bright gre51 (t5 #d-sid$ or ridg$1 leaves smoo? b n glossy1 acum9ate tips waahoo #bed #fc4 ,twigs nei!r gre5 nor #d-sid$ #fd #fd4 ,leaves v glossy above black haw #bhe #fd4 ,leaves n glossy above #fe #fe4 ,leaves #c to #e in*es long1 r co>sely too!d ,fr5* mulb]ry #bgh #fe4 ,leaves to #c in*es long1 f9ely s]rate or cr5ate #ff #ff4 ,leaves blunt at tip spr+ h]ald #bgf #ff4 ,leaves tap]+ at bo? ends swamp privet #bgg #fg4 ,comp\nd leaves alt]nate #fh #fg4 ,comp\nd leaves opposite #ia ,leaves ,comp\nd & ,alt]nate #fh4 ,trunks or twigs ) sp9es or ?orns #fi #fh4 ,trunks & twigs )\t sp9es or ?orns #gd #fi4 ,l[ %rubs1 #f in*es to #b feet high pa/ure rose #bcd #fi4 ,n l[ %rubs #gj #gj4 ,leaves ) #c to #e leaflets #ga #gj4 ,leaves ) m ?an #e leaflets #gb #ga4 ,/ems trail+1 usually on ! gr\nd dewb]ries #bce #ga4 ,/ems climb+ prairie rose 7r>e7 #bcc #gb4 ,?orns long1 (t5 bran*$ honey locu/ #bdc #gb4 ,?orns or prickles %ort #gc #gc4 ,leaflets ovate & ) odd leaflet at tip prickly a% #bdf #gc4 ,leaflets oblong & )\t odd leaflet at tip mesquite #bdj #gd4 ,v9es #ge #gd4 ,n v9es #gh #ge4 ,leaves twice-p9nately comp\nd pepp] v9e #bfc #ge4 ,leaves palmately comp\nd or ) #c leaflets #gf #gf4 ,?ree leaflets #gg #gf4 ,five or m leaflets ,virg9ia creep] #bfb #gg4 ,leaves succul5t 7?ick & juicy71 sometimes ?ree-lob$ in/ead ( p>t$ c[-it* v9e 7r>e7 #bfd #gg4 ,leaves n succul5t1 leaflets always fully p>t$1 plant (t5 %rubby :5 "y poison oak or poison ivy #bea #gh4 ,leaves twice-p9nately comp\nd *9ab]ry #bdh #gh4 ,leaves n twice-p9nate #gi #gi4 ,?ree leaflets 7sometimes #e on waf] a%7 #hj #gi4 ,m ?an #c leaflets #hb #hj4 ,leaflets less ?an #b in*es long aromatic or ill-sc5t$ sumac #beb #hj4 ,leaflets #b to #e in*es long #ha #ha4 ,all leaflets /emless1 twigs glossy waf] a% 7r>e7 #bdg #ha4 ,t]m9al leaflet long] /emm$ ?an o!r two1 twigs n glossy poison oak or poison ivy #bea #hb4 ,leaflets r\nd$ t[>d tips #hc #hb4 ,leaflets acute or acum9ate #hd #hc4 ,twigs d>k gre51 leaflets n gl&-dott$ ,eve's necklace #bdd #hc4 ,twigs n gre51 leaflets dott$ ) t9y amb] gl&s riv] locu/ #bde #hd4 ,leaf m>g9s smoo? or ne>ly s #hd;,a #hd4 ,leaf m>g9s di/9ctly too!d or s]rate #hf #hd;,a4 ,leaves #a to #c feet long1 #ac to #da leaflets1 twigs v /\t tree ( ,heav5 7r>e7 #bdh;,a #hd;,a4 ,leaves less ?an #a foot long1 #h to #ba leaflets1 twigs n v /\t #he #he4 ,leafy w+s along /ems betwe5 leaflets ) odd leaflet at tip w+$ or dw>f sumac #bej #he4 ,leaf /em n or r>ely w+$ betwe5 leaflets )\t odd leaflet at tip soapb]ry 7wild *9ab]ry7 #beg #hf4 ,leaflets #e to #g #hg #hf4 ,leaflets #i to #ca #hh #hg4 ,t]m9al leaflet usually broad] t[>d tip & at lea/ twice z l>ge z l[e/ pair hickory #baa #hg4 ,t]m9al leaflet n broad] t[>d tip & n mu* l>g] ?an o!rs ,spani% or ,texas buckeye #bef #hh4 ,twigs r$di% or purpli%1 a %rub smoo? sumac #bdi #hh4 ,twigs nei!r r$di% nor purpli%1 trees #hi #hi4 ,pi? ( twigs d>k & *amb]$ black walnut #bjh #hi4 ,pi? ( twigs n d>k1 cont9u\s #ij #ij4 ,nut ne>ly cyl9dric1 se$ sweet pecan #bji #ij4 ,nut #d-;angl$1 se$ bitt] bitt] pecan 7r>e7 #baj ,leaves ,comp\nd & ,opposite #ia4 ,v9es #ib #ia4 ,n v9es #id #ib4 ,leaves palmately comp\nd 7alt]nate7 ,virg9ia creep] #bfb #ib4 ,leaves n palmately comp\nd #ic #ic4 ,twice-p9nately comp\nd 7alt]nate7 pepp] v9e #bfc #ic4 ,once-p9nate trumpet creep] #bhj #id4 ,palmately comp\nd fetid or ,ohio buckeye #beh #id4 ,n palmately comp\nd #ie #ie4 ,) t]m9al leaflet #if #ie4 ,)\t t]m9al leaflet mesquite #bdj #if4 ,twice-p9nately comp\nd 7alt]nate7 *9ab]ry #bdh #if4 ,once-p9nate #ig #ig4 ,leaflets #e to #aa1 usually #g1 twigs n bright gre5 #ih #ig4 ,leaflets #c to #e 7r>ely #g or #i71 twigs bright gre5 box eld] #bee #ih4 ,twigs br[ni% gray1 l5ticels obscure1 fl[]s & fruits 9 cymes1 %rubs eld]b]ry #bhf #ih4 ,twigs gre5i% gray or gray1 :iti% l5ticels noticeable1 fl[]s & fruits 9 panicles1 trees #ii #ii4 ,leaves bright or yell[i% gre5 on bo? sides1 leaf-sc> ( twig /raight or ne>ly s on upp] edge gre5 a% #bge #ii4 ,leaves d>k gre5 above1 pal] bel[1 leaf-sc> ( twig concave or not*$ on upp] edge :ite a% #bgd ,illu/ration3 ab\t natural size #bfj ,new ,j]sey tea2 fruit #bgf spr+ h]ald #bfa rattan v9e #bfh ,/4 ,&rew's cross #beb aromatic sumac #bfd c[-it* v9e #bhd ,indian curr5t #bec swamp holly ,illu/ration3 ab\t natural size #bed waahoo #bfe ,cissus ampelopsis #bhe black haw #bgh ,fr5* mulb]ry #bga dw>f dogwood #bhc bu% honeysuckle #bhb coral honeysuckle #bgg swamp privet ,illu/ration3 ab\t natural size #bhj trumpet creep] #bdd ,eve's necklace #bdf prickly a% #bde riv] locu/ #bdi smoo? sumac #bef ,texas buckeye ,illu/ration3 ab\t natural size #bdh *9ab]ry #bfb ,virg9ia creep] #bej w+$ sumac #bfc pepp] v9e #beg soapb]ry #beh ,ohio buckeye ,illu/ration3 ab\t natural size #bdg waf] a% #bea poison ivy #bcj ,canada moonse$ #bei ,indian *]ry #bhf eld]b]ry #bee box eld] #bbi ,c>ol9a moonse$ #bbh wooly pipev9e ,,guide ,,to ,,native ,,woody ,,plants ,,( ,,dallas ,,c\nty ,capital lett]s & page numb]s foll[+ ! descriptions ( a few ( ^! plants ref] to ! bibliography at ! end ( ?is guide4 ,,p9e ,,family #bja4 ,,r$ ,,c$> 7,junip]us virg9iana ,l47 abundant tree ( m$ium height4 ,habitat3 all soils1 especially lime/one hills 9 s\?we/]n "p ( c\nty4 ,leaves3 small1 ?ick1 scale-l or l %ort ne$les4 ,b>k3 ?91 r$di% br[n1 %r$dy1 inn] lay]s yell[i% br[n4 ,twigs3 ( "y %oots be> ! %>p]-po9t$ leaves4 ,fl[]s3 dioeci\s1 9 ,febru>y or ,m>*2 /am9ate m9ute1 num]\s1 ru/y2 pi/illate purpli%1 inconspicu\s4 ,fruit3 light blue1 sph]ical1 in* diamet]4 ,wood3 r$di% at he>t1 sapwood light1 us$ = c$> *e/s1 ru/ic "w1 & f5ce po/s2 = ! la/ inf]ior only to bois d'arc z x is v la/+ 9 contact ) ! soil4 #bjb4 ,,m\nta9 ,,c$> 7,junip]us mexicana ,spr5g47 r>e tree except at ,camp ,wisdom & vic9ity4 ,habitat3 dry upl&s1 ?is ab\t its ea/]n limit b abundant we/w>d4 ,leaves3 simil> to r$ c$>4 ,inn] b>k3 d>k] br[n ?an on r$ c$>4 ,fruit3 l>g] & d>k] ?an r$ c$>1 purpli%4 ,wood3 light br[n1 h>d & close-gra9$ b weak1 us$ = fuel1 f5ce po/s1 poles & l&scape plant+4 ,,palm ,,family #bjc4 ,,dw>f ,,palmetto 7,sabal m9or ,p]s47 l[ %rub ( ! riv] bottom1 r>e4 ,leaves3 #ae to #bj in*es long1 spread+1 fan-%ap$1 f an und]gr\nd /em2 br[s$ by cattle & mo/ly de/roy$ :5 ,bois d',arc ,isl& 0 cle>$ = cultivation4 ,fl[]s3 :iti%1 small1 f a slightly bran*$ c5tral /alk4 ,fruit3 black1 sph]ical1 smoo?1 dry1 ab\t in* across4 ,l 7p4 #bbc7 7,s4 glabra74 ,m 7p4 #bdj47 ,,lily ,,family #bjd4 ,,gre5bri] 7,smilax bona nox ,l47 abundant v9e2 locally call$ /ret*b]ry1 saw-bri]1 cat-bri]4 ,habitat3 woodl&s & ?ickets1 becom+ especially obnoxi\s 9 heavily pa/ur$ woodl&s4 ,leaves3 #a to #d in*es long1 to #c wide1 alt]nate1 oval or some:at he>t-%ap$1 m>g9s entire2 smoo?1 ?ick1 %9+1 _m rema9+ gre5 & "s mottl$ ) br[n 9 w9t]2 all prim>y ve9s runn+ l5g?wise ( leaf4 ,/ems3 long1 ev]gre51 (t5 v prickly1 climb+ by t5drils4 ,fl[]s3 small1 inconspicu\s1 yell[i% or gre5i%1 dioeci\s1 9 umbels1 six 8petals04 ,fruit3 black1 %9+ or cov]$ ) a bloom1 r\nd or ne>ly s1 size ( small peas4 ,?is v9e's greate/ virtue seems to be t x (f]s food & %elt] to ! birds4 #bje4 ,,yucca1 be>-grass1 ,spani% dagg] 7,yucca species7 m ?an "o species 9 ! c\nty2 abundant 9 mead[s & along roadsides4 ,leaves3 grasslike b l>ge1 ?ick & t\gh1 9 rosettes1 (t5 ) :ite ?reads on m>g9s2 %>p-po9t$4 ,woody /em3 v %ort 9 our species4 ,fl[]s3 gre5i% :ite or creamy1 _m along a c5tral /alk two or ?ree feet tall2 ea* cupp$ fl[] ab\t an in* or two long1 f]tiliz$ by a small :ite mo? :i* lays its egg inside4 ,fruit3 a %ort1 ?ick1 cyl9drical pod conta9+ lay]s ( flat1 black se$s4 ,,will[ ,,family #bjf4 ,,will[ 7,salix nigra ,m>%47 ! black will[ is probably ! only native species gr[+ 9 ! c\nty4 ,! weep+ will[ 7,salix babylonica7 has n be5 obs]v$ gr[+ 9 ! c\nty except :]e plant$4 ,will[s gr[ close to wat] or 9 l[ gr\nd1 are v common & gr[ v rapidly :]e !y h an abundant supply ( wat]2 v valuable 9 *eck+ soil erosion z _! roots help to hold ! soil 9 place4 ,leaves3 simple1 alt]nate1 #c to #f in*es long1 to wide1 acum9ate1 ) f9e1 incurv$ s]rations4 ,b>k3 r\gh1 %aggy on old trees1 usually light br[n4 ,twigs3 conspicu\sly yell[i% orange 9 w9t]1 smoo? or glossy1 v sl5d]4 ,fl[]s3 9 catk9s1 yell[i%1 dioeci\s4 ,fruit3 cottony-cov]$ se$s4 ,wood3 s(t1 light1 weak1 us$ = a special *>coal 9 manufactur+ gunp[d]1 "s species = artificial limbs4 #bjg4 ,,cottonwood 7,populus deltoides v>4 virg9iana ,sudw47 common1 l>ge tree1 also call$ ,c>ol9a popl>4 ,habitat3 pref]s l[l&s & /ream banks al?\gh w gr[ 9 dry soil4 ,leaves3 simple1 alt]nate1 #c to #e in*es ea* way1 commonly glossy on bo? sides1 broad & /raight across at ! base1 co>sely too!d or cr5ate1 /ems flatt5$4 ,b>k3 ?ick1 light gray1 deeply furr[$ on trunks to smoo? & yell[i% gre5 on bran*es4 ,twigs3 /\t1 gre5i% yell[ to pale gray1 smoo?2 l5ticels l>ge1 pale1 l5g?wise2 buds l>ge1 scales v /icky-res9\s4 ,fl[]s3 /am9ate are r$ catk9s1 pi/illate gre5i% yell[1 dioeci\s4 ,fruit3 cottony-cov]$ se$s4 ,wood3 s(t1 light weight1 w>ps easily b *eap because ( rapid gr[? ( tree2 new me?ods ( rapid kiln-dry+ h less5$ w>p+4 ,,walnut ,,family #bjh4 ,,black ,,walnut 7,juglans nigra ,l47 tree1 common 9 ri* bottoml&s4 ,leaves3 alt]nate1 p9nately comp\nd1 "o to two feet long1 #ae to #bc leaflets1 ea* ab\t #c in*es long1 tap]+ & too!d2 ) a *>act]i/ic odor :5 cru%$4 ,b>k3 ?ick1 d>k1 r\gh4 ,twigs3 h d>k1 *amb]$ pi? %[n by splitt+ l5g?wise ?r\gh c5t]4 ,fl[]s3 gre5i%1 male 9 catk9s1 female inconspicu\s1 bo? k9ds on ! same tree4 ,fruit3 gre5 to black husk does n split1 r\nd2 %ell r\gh1 v h>d1 d>k2 nut ri* & sweet4 ,wood3 h>d1 /rong1 ri* br[n color1 v valuable = gun/ocks1 furniture1 etc4 #bji4 ,,pecan 7,c>ya pecan ,engl4 ,graebn47 abundant1 ! /ate tree4 ,habitat3 ri* bottoml&s pref]r$4 ,leaves3 simil> to black walnut b av]age few] leaflets1 #i to #ag4 ,twigs3 d n h d>k1 *amb]$ pi?4 ,b>k3 some:at v>iable 9 appe>ance b g5]ally light] 9 color ?an walnut & n z flaky z soapb]ry bo? ( :i* x resembles4 ,fruit3 v valuable crop 9 ,texas1 _m cultivat$ v>ieties t5d+ t[>d l>g] size ( nuts & ?9n] %ell4 ,wood3 n valuable1 h>d b brittle & n /rong4 #baj4 ,,bitt] ,,pecan 7,c>ya texana ,s*n47 r>e tree ( l[ woodl&s4 ,! nuts are #d-;angl$ & ! se$s bitt]4 ,wood t\gh & /rong4 #baa4 ,,hickory 7,c>ya buckleyi ,dur&7 uncommon 9 ?is c\nty4 ,obs]v$ 9 s&y woods4 ,leaves3 p9nately comp\nd1 ( #e to #i leaflets1 ! t]m9al #d to #f in*es long1 #b to #b wide1 twice z l>ge z ! l[e/1 obovate & tap]+ at ea* end4 ,b>k3 d>k1 r\gh1 close4 ,fruit3 resembles pecan b broad]2 %ell ?ick1 some:at wr9kl$1 light 9 color2 se$ sweet4 ,wood3 h>d1 brittle1 little us$ except = fuel4 ,,bee* ,,family ,:ite ,oak ,gr\p3 ,fruit requires #a ye> to mature2 leaves )\t %>p po9ts to lobes 7except *9quap9 oak leaves74 ,b>k3 usually light] gray ?an on black or r$ oaks4 #bab4 ,,po/ ,,oak 7,qu]cus /ellata ,wang7 mo/ abundant tree ( dry1 s&y1 upl& woods4 ,leaves3 #c to #e in*es long1 ) #e r\nd$ lobes wid] t[>d ! out] end2 l bur oak b small]2 dead leaves (t5 cl+ 9 w9t]1 especially on "y trees4 ,fl[]s3 z 9 o!r oaks1 male 9 catk9s1 female inconspicu\s1 bo? k9ds on same tree4 ,fruit3 an oval acorn1 to #a in* long 9 a r %all[ cup4 ,b>k3 r\gh1 ) deep grooves4 ,twigs3 v fuzzy :5 "y4 ,wood3 h>d1 durable 9 soil b difficult to season1 us$ ma9ly = fuel1 f5ce po/s & cros/ies4 #bac4 ,,scrub ,,oak3 or dw>f po/ oak 7probably a v>iety ( ,q4 /ellata74 ,habitat3 on lime/one hills :]e common4 ,leaves3 simil> to po/ oak b less ?an #c in*es long & less deeply lob$4 ,b>k3 ?91 light gray1 ) loose scales4 ,sometimes atta9s tree size ?\gh usually %rubby & gr[+ 9 d5se ?ickets1 typically n ov] #bj feet high4 #bad4 ,,bur ,,oak or mossy-cup oak 7,qu]cus macroc>pa ,mi*x47 common l>ge tree ( l[l&s2 heavy1 ?ick bran*es make x ! /urdie/ look+ ( our oaks4 ,leaves3 #f to #ab in*es long1 deeply #e to #g lob$ ) ! lobes r\nd$ & l>g] t[>d ! tip1 upp] lobe l>ge/ & wavy m>g9$ or %all[ly lob$4 ,acorns3 l>ge1 #b in*es or m 9 diamet]1 ! cup usually deep & heavily fr+$4 ,wood3 = cab9etmak+ & all sorts ( con/ruction1 %ipbuild+1 etc4 #bae4 ,,swamp ,,*e/nut ,,oak or basket oak 7,qu]cus pr9us ,l47 ,habitat3 ri* bottoml&s1 n common4 ,leaves3 obovate1 m>g9s deeply wavy or ) small1 regul>ly r\nd$ not*es1 d[ny b5ea?1 #c to #h in*es long4 ,b>k3 light gray1 ) broad flakes4 ,acorns3 ab\t #a in*es long by #a in* wide1 %9y br[n1 ) a %all[ cup1 eat5 by c[s 7c[ oak74 ,wood3 us$ = lumb]1 v5e]1 coop]age1 :eels1 implem5ts1 & baskets4 #baf4 ,,*9quap9 ,,oak or *e/nut oak 7,qu]cus muehl5b]gii ,engelm47 ,habitat3 v>i\s1 pref]s lime/one soil1 common4 ,leaves3 simil> to prec$+ species b m %>ply not*$4 ,b>k3 ?ick1 usually silv]y gray1 l>ge1 loose scales on surface4 ,acorns3 small] ?an prec$+ & h v %ort /ems4 ,bran*es3 typically few]1 l>g] & m irregul> ?an prec$+4 ,wood3 h>d1 /rong1 close-gra9$1 durable1 us$ = coop]age1 furniture1 cros/ies1 fuel4 ,black or ,r$ ,oak ,gr\p3 ,fruit requires two ye>s to mature1 leaves h %>p po9ts on lobes4 #bag4 ,,wat] ,,oak1 duck oak1 or p9 oak 7,qu]cus nigra ,l47 ,habitat3 l[1 s&y l&1 r>e4 ,leaves3 usually ab\t #b in*es long & #a wide1 n>r[ t[>d base1 usually broad] t[>d tip1 %all[ly lob$ t[>d tip or entire1 smoo? & d>k gre5 above1 t>dily decidu\s4 ,b>k3 r smoo?1 r$di% br[n4 ,fruit3 acorns usually solit>y1 v %ort-/alk$1 light br[n1 to in* long4 ,wood3 heavy1 h>d1 /rong1 little us$ except = fuel & cros/ies4 #bah4 ,,black ,,jack ,,oak 7,qu]cus m>il&ica ,mu5*47 ,habitat3 dry1 upl& woods1 s&y soil1 ) po/ oaks :]e few o!r trees gr[1 common4 ,leaves3 #d to #aj in*es long1 v wide at tip1 n>r[ t[>d base1 only v %all[ly lob$1 d>k above1 lea!ry1 dead leaves (t5 cl++ to "y trees 9 w9t]4 ,b>k3 r\gh1 d>k1 brok5 into small1 h>d flakes4 ,fruit3 an acorn ab\t in* long ) a cup enclos+ ab\t half ! nut :i* is yell[i% br[n & (t5 /rip$4 ,wood3 heavy1 h>d & /rong b little us$ except z fuel4 #bai4 ,,r$ ,,oak 7,qu]cus species74 ,sev]al species ( r$ oak are n easily di/+ui%$ except by speciali/s & ! problem is complicat$ by ! fact t _m species int]bre$ readily1 ?us produc+ _m v>iations f ! typical =ms4 ,probably ,q4 %um>dii v>4 s*neckii is ! mo/ common r$ oak ar\nd ,dallas4 ,! leaves are simil> 9 %ape to ! black oak b are ?9n] & lack ! prom95t ru/y hairs 9 ! =ks ( ! ve9s2 lobes are usually f #e to #g & v>y greatly z to l5g? & wid?4 ,! ,texas r$ oak 7,q4 texana ,buckley7 is a closely relat$ small] tree ( dry upl&s4 ,! ,spani% oak 7,q4 rubra ,l47 is ano!r r$ oak ( dry upl&s2 x is easily recogniz$ :5 ! leaves assume "o typical =m :i* is n>r[ & r\nd$ at ! base ) ! ?ree or m n>r[ lobes occurr+ ne> ! tip4 ,= m complete descriptions ( ^! trees ! read] is ref]r$ to ! late/ edition ( ,s>g5t's 8,manual ( ! ,trees ( ,nor? ,am]ica40 ,,nettle ,,family #bbj4 ,,r$ ,,or ,,slipp]y ,,elm 7,ulmus fulva ,mi*x47 ,habitat3 pr9cipally 9 ri* soil on l[ hillsides or /ream banks1 a common tree4 ,leaves3 d\bly too!d1 unequal at ! base1 #c to #g in*es long1 r\gh on bo? sides4 ,twigs3 some:at mucilag9\s or 8slipp]y0 :5 *ew$2 buds cov]$ ) ru/y hairs4 ,inn] ,,b>k3 v mucilag9\s1 us$ 9 m$ic9e2 out] ,,b>k3 grayi% br[n ) flat ridges4 ,fl[]s3 small1 inconspicu\s1 appe>+ v e>ly 9 spr+1 be=e ! leaves2 9 clu/]s1 ea* fl[] on a long droop+ /alk4 ,fruit3 gre5-w+$ se$s1 disk-%ap$1 not*$ at tip b )\t incurv$ tips4 ,wood3 close-gra9$1 t\gh1 heavy1 h>d1 us$ = f5ce po/s1 cros/ies1 implem5ts1 ribs = small boats1 etc4 #bba4 ,,:ite ,,or ,,am]ican ,,elm 7,ulmus am]icana ,l47 ,habitat3 simil> to r$ elm1 less common4 ,leaves3 simil> except usually r smoo? above & d[ny bel[1 ve9s prom95t bel[ & p>allel f midrib to leaf edge4 ,twigs3 br[ni% & smoo!r1 buds )\t ru/y hairs1 n1 or v slightly1 mucilag9\s4 ,cross section ( ,,b>k %[s alt]nate lay]s ( br[n & :ite2 surface d>k gray ) irregul>1 flat-topp$ ridges4 ,fl[]s3 v %ort-/alk$4 ,se$3 w+s not*$1 ) incurv+ tips4 ,wood3 h>d1 /rong1 t\gh1 difficult to split1 co>se-gra9$1 us$ = :eel-hubs1 saddletrees1 floors1 boats4 #bbb4 ,,c$> ,,elm 7,ulmus crassifolia ,nutt47 ,habitat3 v>i$1 our mo/ abundant elm1 resi/s dr\? & root rot1 h5ce recomm5d$ z a %ade tree4 ,leaves3 #a to #b in*es long1 usually blunt tipp$4 ,"y ,,twigs3 r$di% & slightly d[ny1 sometimes h corky w+s4 ,fl[]s & ,fruit3 9 late summ] & e>ly autumn4 ,bran*es3 relatively %ort & num]\s1 mak+ d5se %ade 9 spite ( small size ( leaves4 ,wood3 brittle1 sometimes us$ = hubs1 furniture & f5c+2 mo/ly = fuel & *>coal4 #bbc4 ,,w+$ ,,elm 7,ulmus alata ,mi*x47 ,usually f\nd on l[1 s&y l&2 n common4 ,leaves3 #a to #c in*es long1 po9t$ at ! tip4 ,twigs3 usually ) _m broad1 corky w+s1 ?\gh sometimes abs5t4 ,fl[]s3 9 spr+4 ,wood3 simil> to o!r elms4 #bbd4 ,,r\gh-,,leav$ ,,hackb]ry 7,celtis occid5talis v>4 crassifolia ,gray74 ,habitat3 v>i$1 m common on ri* soil4 ,leaves3 ovate1 too!d at lea/ t[>d ! long po9t1 #b to #d in*es long4 ,fruit3 a r\ndi%1 d>k purple b]ry rip5+ 9 e>ly fall1 (t5 cl++ to ! tree ?r\gh ! w9t] & =m+ a popul> food = _m birds2 ab\t in* 9 diamet]4 ,b>k3 ( trunk usually conspicu\s ) its *>act]i/ic w>ty projections4 ,wood3 heavy b s(t & weak1 decays rapidly :5 expos$1 little us$ except = fuel4 ,! *>act]i/ic br[n gall on ! twigs is almo/ a m>k ( recognition 9 w9t]1 :5 trees are too small to %[ ! typical w>ty b>k4 #bbe4 ,,s\!rn ,,hackb]ry 7,celtis laevigata ,willd47 ,less common ?an previ\s species4 ,di/+ui%$ by ! smoo? m>g9s ( ! slightly long] & n>r[] ,,leaves & by ! orange or yell[i% color ( ! ,,fruit4 ,bo? trees are widely plant$ = %ade z !y are resi/ant to root rot4 #bbf4 ,,bois ,d',,arc ,,or ,,osage ,,orange 7,maclura pomif]a ,s*n47 also call$ horse-apple4 ,abundant 9 ri* bottoml&4 ,leaves3 entire1 d>k gre5 & glossy1 oval1 po9t$ at tip1 #c to #e in*es long4 ,! yell[i%-br[n ,,b>k di/+ui%es x f any o!r ?orny tree1 conta9s tann9 & t ( root a yell[ dye4 ,fl[]s3 monoeci\s1 ! female 9 a r\nd$ ball1 male 9 an elongat$ clu/]4 ,fruit3 resembles a v r\gh1 l>ge1 bright gre5 orange4 ,wood3 bright orange 9 color1 mo/ durable 9 contact ) ! soil1 us$ pr9cipally = po/s4 #bbg4 ,,r$ ,,mulb]ry 7,morus rubra ,l47 ,common 9 ri* l[l&s1 (t5 9 ! %ade ( l>g] trees4 ,leaves3 #c to #e in*es long or r>ely mu* l>g] 9 d5se %ade1 too!d1 ovate1 po9t$ at tip1 r\nd$ or he>t-%ap$ at base2 on "y trees (t5 mitt5-%ap$ or deeply & v>i\sly lob$1 r\gh above4 ,fl[]s3 monoeci\s or dioeci\s1 9 droop+ catk9s1 ! female %ort]4 ,fruit3 r$ to black1 resembles blackb]ry1 rip5s ?r\gh ,may1 v attractive to _m birds1 especially ! migrat+ ?ru%es4 ,b>k3 ?91 d>k grayi% br[n1 break+ into long scales4 ,twigs3 sl5d]1 some:at zigzag1 ) milky juice4 ,wood3 light1 s(t1 weak1 us$ = f5ce po/s1 coop]age & boat build+4 ,,bir?wort ,,family #bbh4 ,,wooly ,,pipev9e 7,ari/olo*ia tom5tosa ,sims47 or ,dut*man's pipe4 ,habitat3 l[1 ri* woods1 n abundant4 ,leaves3 l>ge1 r\nd-he>t %ap$1 d[ny1 s(t1 m>g9s entire4 ,/ems3 sl5d]1 v high climb+4 ,fl[]s3 tube u-curv$ l a ,dut*man's pipe1 ) lobes turn$ back2 small yell[i%1 inconspicu\s fl[]s n to be confus$ ) ! lea!r fl[] 7,viorna7 :i* is also sometimes call$ pipev9e2 ,viorna has f\r ?ick1 lea!ry1 purpli% petals %ap$ l ! b[l ( a pipe4 ,fruit3 _m flat1 black1 %9y1 pie-%ap$ se$s pack$ 9 a six-angl$1 cyl9drical se$ case ab\t #a to #b in*es 9 diamet] & #b to #c in*es long4 ,a closely relat$ cultivat$ v9e is (t5 plant$ :]e a d5se scre5 is desir$4 ,b 7,vol4 ,i1 p4 #fdf74 ,illu/ration3 #bbh wooly pipev9e ,,moonse$ ,,family #bbi4 ,,c>ol9a ,,moonse$ 7,cocculus c>ol9us 7,l7 ,,dc47 also call$ wild s>sap>illa or coral v9e4 ,habitat3 h$g][s & ?ickets1 edges ( woods1 a common v9e4 ,leaves3 v>iable1 oval to slightly he>t-%ap$1 usually blunt or r\nd$ at ! tip1 usually ab\t #b or #c in*es long4 ,/ems3 sl5d]1 gre5 & some:at fuzzy :5 "y4 ,fl[]s3 dioeci\s1 small1 gre5i%1 #f-p>t$4 ,fruits3 size ( small peas1 s(t1 sc>let1 "o-se$$1 9 small1 d5se clu/]s2 v decorative 9 w9t] & excell5t bird attraction4 ,illu/ration3 #bbi ,c>ol9a moonse$ #bcj4 ,,canada ,,moonse$ 7,m5isp]mum canad5se ,l47 v r>e v9e ( l[ woods4 ,/ems3 #f to #ab feet long4 ,leaves3 #c to #g-;angl$ or %all[ly lob$1 broad] ?an long1 #d in*es or mu* m4 ,fl[]s3 small1 :ite1 #f-h petals1 #ab-bd /am5s4 ,fruit3 black ) a bloom1 resembl+ small grapes2 se$ spirally curv$4 ,b 7,vol4 ,,ii1 p4 #aca74 ,illu/ration3 #bcj ,canada moonse$ ,,plane ,,tree ,,family #bca4 ,,sycamore or buttonwood 7,platanus occid5talis ,l47 a common tree1 along /ream banks & 9 l[ woods1 (t5 ! l>ge/ tree 9 its locality z x gr[s rapidly4 ,b>k3 ?91 smoo?1 gre5i% gray1 flak+ (f 9 l>ge pat*es & expos+ ! "u b>k :i* is :iti% l t on limbs1 especially conspicu\s 9 w9t] woods4 ,leaves3 #d to #g in*es long & ab\t z broad1 v co>sely too!d1 (t5 %all[ly #c or #e-lob$1 light gre5 above1 pal] bel[4 ,twigs3 sl5d]1 r %9y & zigzag2 bud ) a s+le1 cap-l scale1 enclos$ by ! base ( ! leaf-/alk4 ,fruit3 a compact ball ab\t #a in* across1 rema9+ on its droop+ /em all w9t]1 compos$ ( _m se$s :i* sep>ate & are bl[n away 9 spr+4 ,(t5 plant$ z /reet tree because ( rapid gr[? & resi/ance to dr\?1 b ! l>ge leaves & flak+ b>k cause unsightly litt]4 ,wood3 co>se-gra9$1 h>d1 n /rong1 heavy1 h>d to split2 us$ = but*]s' blocks1 furniture1 int]ior trim1 & tobacco boxes4 ,,rose ,,family #bcb4 ,,r$ ,,haw or haw?orn 7,crataegus species7 probably ab\t f\r species 9 ! c\nty4 ,?ree are easily di/+ui%$ by ! %apes ( ! leaves & ! size ( ! fruits3 7a7 ,leaves3 v wooly :5 "y1 broad ne> base & ne>ly z broad z long1 d\bly too!d & (t5 %all[ly lob$2 especially susceptible to ! c$> ru/4 ,fruit3 r$1 resembl+ l>ge rose hips1 edible1 mealy1 ab\t in* across1 rip5+ 9 ,septemb] & fall+ e>ly4 ,gr[s 9 ! vic9ity ( ,:ite ,rock ,creek & ,lake4 ,leaves & fl[]s 9 e>ly ,april4 7b7 ,leaves3 usually obovate1 tap]+ at base & some:at blunt at tip1 d>k] & smoo!r ?an 7a74 ,fruit3 ab\t in* or less across1 rip5+ ,octob] or ,novemb]1 cl++ late into w9t]4 ,fl[]s & leaves bo? small] & appe>+ lat] ?an 7a74 ,same region4 7c7 ,leaves3 deeply & %>ply cut4 ,fruit3 in* or less across1 _m 9 a droop+ clu/]4 ,riv] bottoms 9 s\!a/]n "p ( c\nty4 ,a f\r? species is di/9ctive = its loose1 flaky b>k4 ,wood3 t\gh & h>d b all trees 9 ?is region too small to be ( comm]cial importance4 #bcc4 ,,prairie ,,rose 7,rosa setig]a ,mi*x47 r>e1 climb+ or trail+1 v9e-l %rub ( l[ s&y l&4 ,leaves3 comp\nd leaflets2 mo/ly ?ree1 or five4 ,/ems3 gre51 ) /\t1 scatt]$ prickles1 sometimes #bj feet long1 usually mu* less4 ,fl[]s3 bright p9k1 /yles unit$ into a column4 ,fruit3 r\nd$1 r$ 9 autumn1 ne>ly in* 9 diamet]4 ,b 7,vol4 ,,ii1 p4 #bhc47 #bcd4 ,,pa/ure ,,rose 7,rosa foliolosa ,nutt47 a common1 v l[ %rub4 ,habitat3 mead[s1 roadsides1 op5 woods1 ,:ite ,rock ,lake1 etc4 ,fl[]s3 :ite or pale p9k1 solit>y1 sweet-sc5t$4 ,/em3 #f to #ab in*es tall1 r$di%1 sl5d]1 ) few prickles4 ,fruits3 r$1 haw-l1 9 fall & w9t]4 ,leaves3 p9nately comp\nd1 small leaflets #g to #aa1 r$ 9 autumn or gre5 & t>dily decidu\s4 ,d 7p4 #ajf47 #bce4 ,,dewb]ry 7,rubus trivialis7 abundant trail+ 8%rub0 ( woods1 roadsides1 ?ickets & dit*es4 ,leaves3 comp\nd1 #c to #e leaflets1 rose-l1 ev]gre5 or ne>ly s4 ,/ems3 gre51 prickly1 usually ly+ on ! gr\nd1 sev]al feet long4 ,fl[]s3 :ite1 #e petals1 l small s+le roses4 ,fruit3 black1 _m-se$$1 juicy1 ripe ,april-,may1 popul> ) birds1 boys & r$bugs4 #bcf4 ,,wild ,,black ,,*]ry 7,prunus s]ot9a ,ehr47 a r>e1 small tree obs]v$ 9 l[1 s&y woods4 ,leaves3 oval or long]1 po9t$ at tip1 f9ely s]rate1 d>k r$ gl&s at base2 glossy above1 pal] bel[4 #b-f in*es long4 ,fl[]s3 9 grape-l clu/]s1 droop+1 :ite1 9 late ,m>*4 ,fruit3 resembl+ small grapes1 bitt] b edible4 ,b>k3 ( bran*es & "y trunks glossy1 r$di% br[n1 m>k$ ) :ite1 horizontal l9es1 f9ally becomes r\gh & brok5 into irregul> plates4 ,wood3 is second 9 value only to black walnut1 r$di% br[n1 f9e gra9$1 us$ = furniture1 & int]iors4 ,fruit3 us$ to flavor rum1 ! b>k 9 m$ic9es4 #bcg4 ,,wild ,,plum 7,prunus mexicana ,s4 ,watson7 common tree 9 woodl&s1 especially 9 l[1 ri* gr\nd4 ,leaves3 oval1 f9ely too!d1 #b to #c in*es long1 d[ny or smoo? b n %9y4 ,fl[]s3 :ite1 sweet-sc5t$1 9 ,febru>y & ,m>*4 ,fruit3 oval1 ab\t #a in* diamet]1 r$1 ) a bloom2 makes a delici\s1 t>t jelly2 diff]5t trees rip5 f ,augu/ into ,octob]4 ,w9t] ,,twigs3 smoo?1 d>k purpli%1 ! small] ones (t5 ?orny-tipp$4 ,b>k3 smoo? on bran*es b peel+1 f9ally r\gh & d>k gray4 ,j 7p4 #efe47 #bch4 ,,dw>f ,,plum 7,prunus angu/ifolia v>4 v>ians ,wight ,h$r47 a %rub1 (t5 fl[]+ :5 #a or #b feet high1 r>ely a v small tree1 common on dry hillsides1 mead[s & f5ce r[s1 (t5 =m+ ?ickets4 ,leaves3 slightly n>r[] ?an ^? ( ! tree plum1 smoo? or %9y above1 (t5 t5d+ to fold toge!r l5g?wise4 ,fl[]s3 small1 :ite1 9 ,m>*4 ,fruit3 ab\t in* 9 diamet]1 bright r$1 ripe 9 midsumm]4 ,twigs3 v glossy & d>k r$di% purple1 ) %>p ?orns4 ,j 7p4 #egj47 #bci4 ,,pea* 7,prunus p]sica 7,l47 ,sieb ,zucc47 an uncommon escape f cultivation1 gr[+ readily f se$s along roadsides1 etc4 ,^! trees usually be> small1 h>d1 flavorless fruit b may be us$ z p>5t /ock on :i* to graft desirable cultivat$ v>ieties4 ,fl[]s3 %[y1 p9k4 ,,pea ,,family #bdj4 ,,mesquite 7,prosopis gl&ulosa ,torr47 an abundant small tree ) a %ort trunk & op51 spread+ cr[n4 ,habitat3 hilly pa/ures we/ ( ! ,tr9ity ,riv]4 ,fl[]s3 t9y1 yell[1 9 catk9s1 bloom+ ab\t ,may fir/ & (t5 aga9 aft] summ] ra9s4 ,pods3 #d to #i in*es long1 some:at con/rict$ betwe5 ! se$s1 conta9+ a sweet pulp z well z #aj to #bj se$s2 valuable z food = live/ock4 ,leaves3 ,twice-p9nately comp\nd1 alt]nate1 #h to #aj in*es long1 compos$ ( "o or two pairs ( prim>y divisions ea* be>+ #ab to #bj leaflets usually mu* less ?an two in*es long4 ,twigs3 h sp9es1 usually 9 pairs at ! leaf-axils4 ,wood3 heavy1 h>d1 closegra9$1 durable 9 soil1 us$ = f5ce po/s1 und]p9n+s ( build+s & fuel4 ,! roots are l>ge & heavy1 giv+ rise to ! say+ t ,we/ ,texans dig = _! wood4 #bda4 ,,r$bud 7,c]cis canad5sis ,l47 a m$ium or small tree common 9 woodl&s4 ,leaves3 he>t-%ap$ or truncate at base & blunt or sl5d]-po9t$ at tip1 #c to #e in*es long & wide1 smoo? above1 m>g9 entire4 ,twigs3 smoo?1 d>k r$di% br[n1 sl5d]4 ,b>k3 ( l>g] trunks f9ally divid$ into long1 n>r[ plates1 ! surface sep>at+ into ?9 scales4 ,fl[]s3 pea-%ap$1 p9k ) a r$ calyx1 in* long1 9 clu/]s close to ! bran*es & sometimes ev5 d[n on ! trunk4 ,fruit3 r$di% br[n pods #b to #d in*es long1 ab\t in* wide1 flatt5$1 (t5 p]si/5t into w9t]4 ,wood3 d>k br[n1 h>d b weak1 n valu$ comm]cially4 ,! tree is common 9 cultivation because ( its attractive e>ly-bloom+ fl[]s2 x is easily gr[n f se$4 #bdb4 ,,r$bud 7,c]cis r5i=mis ,engl47 a small tree or tall %rub ( lime/one ridges s\?we/ ( ,dallas4 ,leaves3 kidney-%ap$1 n po9t$1 g5]ally m glossy above ?an ,c4 canad5sis1 8,m\nta9 ,r$bud40 #bdc4 ,,honey ,,locu/ 7,gl$itsia triacan?os ,l47 a v ?orny tree common 9 a v>iety ( soils4 ,leaves3 "s once-p9nately comp\nd & "s twice1 bo? k9ds on ! same tree1 leaflets num]\s1 #a to #a in*es long & wide1 ne>ly entire1 turn+ yell[ 9 autumn4 ,twigs3 sl5d]1 %9+1 usually r$di% br[n1 di/9ctive = ! l>ge1 prong$ ?orns :i* !y be> 9 ! second ye> & reta9 = _m ye>s4 ,b>k3 ( trunk becom+ r\gh1 its broad ridges ) ?ick1 recurv$ edges1 highly v>iable z to ! numb] ( ?orns reta9$4 ,fl[]s3 t9y1 yell[1 9 catk9s1 v sweet-sc5t$4 ,fruit3 flat1 r$di% br[n pods1 #aj to #ah in*es long1 usually twi/$1 conta9+ a sweeti% pulp betwe5 ! h>d se$s2 !y are widely scatt]$ by _m animals :i* reli% ! pulp b fail to dige/ ! se$s4 ,wood3 h>d1 /rong1 co>se-gra9$1 durable 9 ! soil1 bright r$-br[n1 us$ = f5ce po/s1 :eel hubs & 9 con/ruction4 ,?is tree is v resi/ant to dr\? b gives scanty %ade & causes mu* litt]4 #bdd4 ,,eve',s ,,necklace 7,sophora aff9is ,torr4 ,gray7 a small1 sl5d] tree becom+ almo/ v9e-l :5 cr[d$ by o!r trees1 common on /ream bord]s1 lime/one hills1 or prairie rav9es4 ,leaves3 p9nately comp\nd ( #ac to #ai po9t$ or blunt leaflets ab\t #a 94 long & #a wide ) entire or slightly wavy m>g9s4 ,twigs3 dull or glossy gre5 becom+ mottl$ ) gray1 sometimes zigzag4 ,b>k3 ?91 gray1 f9ally break+ into _m1 loose1 oblong scales4 ,fl[]s3 94 long1 :ite to lav5d] rose1 9 droop+ clu/]s1 pea-%ap$4 ,fruit3 dull black pods #a to #d in*es long1 tightly con/rict$ betwe5 ! se$s1 (t5 cl++ to ! tree ) ! fl[]s ( ! foll[+ spr+4 ,wood3 light r$ ) #aj or #ab lay]s ( bright yell[ sapwood1 heavy1 h>d & /rong b too small to be ( comm]cial importance4 ,?is little tree is native only to ea/]n & c5tral ,texas & ! bord]s ( adjac5t /ates4 ,k 7p4 #adg47 ,illu/ration3 #bdd ,eve's necklace #bde4 ,,riv] ,,locu/ 7,amorpha fruticosa ,l47 or false indigo3 a tall %rub fairly common 9 l[1 moi/ gr\nd1 m common 9 sun ?an %ade4 ,leaves3 p9nately comp\nd1 ( #i to #be leaflets1 oblong or elliptical1 to #a 94 long1 gl&-dott$4 ,fl[]s3 9 d5se1 erect clu/]s1 ea* floret consi/+ ( "o d>k purple petal wrapp$ ar\nd ! t5 gold-tipp$ /am5s & ! /yle4 ,fruit3 pods ab\t 94 long heavily dott$ ) amb]-color$ gl&s4 ,k 7p4 #afj47 ,illu/ration3 #bde riv] locu/ ,,rue ,,family 7,citrus ,fruits ,9 ,?is ,family7 #bdf4 ,,prickly ,,a% 7,xan?oxylum clava-h]culis ,l47 also call$ te>-blanket or too?a*e tree3 a r small tree common 9 ri* l[l&s1 8( its l>ge/ size on ! ri* int]vale l&s ( ! /reams fl[+ into ! ,tr9ity ,riv]04 ,leaves3 p9nately comp\nd ( #c to #i pairs ( leaflets1 usually ovate ) acute or acum9ate tips1 #a to #b 94 long1 %9y above1 dull b5ea?1 m>g9s cr5ate-s]rate1 aromatic & t+l+-spicy z are ! fruit & b>k4 ,twigs3 h scatt]$1 hook$ sp9es1 (t5 black on "y %oots4 ,b>k3 smoo?1 blui% gray1 conspicu\s = its corky1 cone-%ap$ knobs :i* are sometimes /ill tipp$ ) %>p sp9es2 b>k ( root is especially /imulat+ & tonic1 us$ by negroes = too?a*e & rheumatism4 ,fl[]s3 small1 :ite or gre5i%1 9 small cymes1 op5+ aft] ! leaves4 ,fruit3 in* long1 & ne>ly r\nd1 pitt$ capsules split 9 e>ly autumn to reveal ! %9y black se$s2 reli%$ by _m birds4 ,wood3 light weight1 close-gra9$1 light br[n ) yell[ sapwood1 n valu$ z mu* z ! b>k4 ,illu/ration3 #bdf prickly a% #bdg4 ,,waf] ,,a% 7,ptelea trifoliata ,l47 or hop tree3 a r>e1 small tree or %rub ( l[ woodl&s4 ,leaves3 p9nately comp\nd1 usually compos$ ( ?ree1 r>ely five leaflets1 #b to #e in*es long1 #a to #c wide1 ! t]m9al g5]ally l>g] & m tap]+ t[>d ! base ?an ! o!rs1 m>g9s entire or f9ely s]rate1 d>k & %9y above1 gl&-dott$ b5ea?4 ,twigs3 d>k1 glossy1 resembl+ *]ry2 w9t] buds r\nd$1 :iti%4 ,b>k3 ( bran*es resembles *]ry1 d>k & %9+ b cracks & curls1 becom+ r\gh2 bitt]1 tonic4 ,fl[]s3 gre5i% :ite1 comp\nd t]m9al cymes2 9 midsumm]2 disagreeable odor4 ,fruit3 w+$ se$ disks simil> to ^? ( elm b l>g]1 ne>ly #a in*2 ! droop+ clu/]s conspicu\s on w9t] bran*es2 occasionally us$ 9 place ( hops 9 be] brew+4 ,wood3 heavy1 h>d & close-gra9$4 ,illu/ration3 #bdg waf] a% ,,mahogany ,,family #bdh4 ,,*9ab]ry 7,melia az$]a* ,l47 a famili> cultivat$ tree occasionally escap$ f cultivation2 a native ( ,*9a mu* plant$ = %ade 9 ! s\!rn /ates2 sometimes f\nd 9 remote woods :]e birds mu/ h dropp$ ! se$s4 ,leaves3 alt]nate1 twice-p9nately comp\nd1 d>k gre5 above1 m>g9s ( leaflets (t5 %all[ly lob$ or wavy4 ,twigs3 ?ick1 upright1 d>k4 ,b>k3 d>k1 some:at smoo? on bran*es4 ,fl[]s3 lav5d]1 9 l>ge1 loose clu/]s on wood ( ! previ\s ye>1 sc5t$1 9 ,april or ,may4 ,fruit3 ,opaque1 yell[1 size ( m>bles1 rema9+ into w9t]4 ,wood3 light & brittle1 color resembles mahogany b ! gra9 is mu* co>s] & does n poli% well4 ,i 7p4 #cec47 ,illu/ration3 #bdh *9ab]ry ,,quassia ,,family #bdh;,a4 ,,tree ,,( ,,heav51 ,*9ese sumac1 7,ailan?us gl&ulosa ,desf47 ,sev]al spr\ts ( ?is tree 7 obs]v$ 9 ,kessl] ,p>k woodl&s aft] ?is booklet _h be5 set 9 type4 ,! #a to #c foot1 p9nately comp\nd ,,leaves & v /\t ,,twigs are ready m>ks ( id5tification4 ,fl[]s3 gre5i%1 9 l>ge panicles1 ! /am9ate ill-sc5t$4 ,fruit3 w+$ se$s ru/y color$4 ,wood3 s(t & weak4 ,an escape f cultivation1 undesirable because ( its num]\s root-suck]s4 ,,ca%ew ,,family #bdi4 ,,smoo? ,,sumac 7,rhus glabra ,l47 abundant tall %rub1 9 woods or fields1 pref]s l[l&s b also common 9 %all[ depressions ( upl&s4 ,leaves3 p9nately comp\nd1 #f to #ab in*es long1 leaflets too!d1 d>k & smoo? above2 turn+ bright sc>let 9 e>ly autumn4 ,twigs3 smoo?1 r$di% br[n or ) a :iti% bloom2 /\t2 buds entirely encircl$ by leaf /em or sc>1 juice milky4 ,fl[]s3 dioeci\s1 /am9ate 9 l>ge1 loose clu/]s ( small1 creamy fl[]s2 pi/illate clu/]s m compact & soon %[+ t+e ( r$4 ,fruit3 d>k r$1 fuzzy1 acid sk9s cov] ea* dry se$1 reta9 color ne>ly all w9t]2 may be us$ to make a sub/itute = lemonade4 ,wood3 too scanty to be ( value1 c5t] pi?y4 ,illu/ration3 #bdi smoo? sumac #bej4 ,,w+$ ,,or ,,dw>f ,,sumac 7,rhus copall9a ,l47 a tall %rub or r>ely a small tree1 abundant on lime/one hills & bluffs4 ,leaves3 p9nately comp\nd1 #f to #h in*es long1 leaflets n or remotely s]rate on m>g9s1 leafy w+s along /em betwe5 leaflets4 ,twigs3 slightly pubesc5t 7fuzzy71 buds n entirely encircl$ by leaf sc>1 juice wat]y4 ,fl[]s3 simil> to ,r4 glabra b lat]1 9 ,augu/4 ,fruit3 clu/]s d n reta9 _! bright color z late4 ,wood3 light & s(t1 gre5i% br[n4 ,illu/ration3 #bej w+$ sumac #bea4 ,,poison ,,ivy1 ,,poison ,,oak 7,rhus toxicod5dron ,l47 an abundant1 woody1 high-climb+ v9e1 (t5 appe>+ %rubby :5 "y1 or 9 ! abs5ce ( a support2 pref]r+ woodl&s1 b also 9 op5 places4 ,leaves3 comp\nd1 ( ?ree leaflets #b to #e in*es long1 co>sely too!d or lob$ or m r>ely entire4 ,b>k3 noticeable = num]\s a]ial rootlets on l>ge specim5s4 ,bran*es3 ext5d+ at "r angles f ma9 /em4 ,fl[]s3 inconspicu\s1 :iti%4 ,fruit3 :ite1 9 small1 loose clu/]s4 ,all p>ts ( ! plant v poison\s to ! t\*3 ! app>5t immunity ( "s p]sons may be lo/ at any "t & ^? :o h suff]$ previ\s attacks seem m subject to ! poison !reaft]4 ,illu/ration3 #bea poison ivy #beb4 ,,aromatic ,,or ,,ill-,,sc5t$ ,,sumac 7,rhus trilobata & v>4 aromatica7 or skunk bu%3 a spread+1 l[ to m$ium %rub common 9 dry upl& woods4 ,leaves3 comp\nd1 ( ?ree leaflets1 tee? or lobes usually r\nd$1 to #a in*es long2 bo? plants & op9ions v>y z to :e!r leaves are aromatic or ill-sc5t$ :5 cru%$4 ,twigs3 are noticeable 9 w9t] = _! cone-%ap$ buds4 ,fl[]s3 9 ,m>*1 small1 yell[4 ,fruit3 small clu/]s ( r$ /one fruits cov]$ ) :ite hairs1 ripe 9 midsumm]1 decorative4 ,k 7p4 #bjd-e47 ,illu/ration3 #beb aromatic sumac ,,holly ,,family #bec4 ,,swamp ,,holly 7,ilex decidua ,walt47 or possum haw1 a common small tree or %rub ?riv+ be/ 9 l[l&s1 b also gr[s on dry lime/one bluffs4 ,leaves3 #a to #b in*es long1 usually blunt at ! tip1 m>g9s ) small1 r\nd$ tee?4 ,twigs3 light gray1 ! %ort /ems (t5 d5sely cov]$ ) fruit sc>s1 resembl+ t9y cones2 alt]nate on ! bran*es4 ,b>k3 pale gray (t5 mottl$1 smoo?4 ,fl[]s3 dioeci\s1 :ite1 v inconspicu\s4 ,fruit3 r\nd1 sc>let or orange1 close to ! bran*es1 s+ly or few toge!r1 on wood ( ! previ\s ye>1 (t5 rema9 ?r\gh w9t]4 ,wood3 heavy1 close-gra9$1 creamy-:ite4 ,?is tree suff]s f v&als1 especially ne> ,*ri/mas1 al?\gh n ev]gre5 l its sp9y-leav$ relative1 ,ilex opaca :i* is gr[n comm]cially & is also a native ( ,ea/ ,texas4 ,y\pon 7,ilex vomitoria7 is ano!r native ( ,ea/ ,texas :i* resembles our swamp holly ev5 m closely except t its leaves are ev]gre51 & its fruit m pulpy4 ,illu/ration3 #bec swamp holly ,,/aff-,,tree ,,family #bed4 ,,waahoo or burn+ bu% 7,evonymus atropurpureus ,jacq47 a m$ium to tall %rub or small tree ( l[ woodl&s1 n v common4 ,leaves3 opposite1 simple1 #b to #e in*es long1 tap]+ at bo? ends1 f9ely s]rate1 light gre5 & (t5 turn+ p9ki% 9 autumn4 ,twigs3 gre5 ) gray /ripes1 (t5 m or less #d-;angl$4 ,b>k3 smoo?i%1 mottl$ gray4 ,fl[]s3 small1 v d>k r$1 #d-lob$1 9 ,may4 ,fruit3 crimson1 n m ?an "o 9 ea* lobe ( #d-lob$ rosy pod hang+ f r$1 ?readlike /em1 9 w9t]4 ,wood3 heavy1 h>d & close-gra9$4 ,! climb+ bitt]sweet1 native ( ,oklahoma & ,ea/ ,texas1 is a memb] ( ?is family4 ,illu/ration3 #bed waahoo ,,maple ,,family #bee4 ,,box ,,eld] 7,ac] negundo ,l47 a m$ium-siz$ tree fairly common 9 l[ woods & along /ream banks4 ,?is is ! only memb] ( ! family native to ,dallas ,c\nty4 ,leaves3 p9nately comp\nd1 opposite1 usually #e leaflets1 sometimes #c or #g1 #b to #e 94 long1 light gre51 co>sely too!d4 ,twigs3 usually gre51 smoo?4 ,b>k3 gray1 ) regul>1 %all[ furr[s4 ,fl[]s3 dioeci\s1 v small1 /am9ate =m+ gre51 silky tassels4 ,fruit3 se$s ) elongat$ w+s1 9 pairs =m+ v's1 rip5 & fall 9 autumn al?\gh _! /ems cl+ until spr+4 ,wood3 light1 s(t1 close-gra9$2 us$ = wood5w>e1 int]ior f9i% & pap] pulp4 ,sug> c be made f ! sap4 ,?is tree gr[s rapidly 9 a moi/ situation b is %ort-liv$4 ,illu/ration3 #bee box eld] ,,soapb]ry ,,family #bef4 ,,spani% or ,,texas ,,buckeye 7,ungnadia speciosa ,endl47 a tall %rub or small tree1 n v common1 9 upl& woods2 native only to ,texas1 ,new ,mexico & nor!rn ,mexico2 ,dallas ,c\nty ab\t its nor!a/]n limit4 ,leaves3 p9nately comp\nd1 a%-l b alt]nate1 leaflets #a to #c in*es long1 wr9kl$ und]surface4 ,twigs3 light br[n4 ,b>k3 light gray1 ?91 ) num]\s %all[ fissures4 ,fl[]s3 color ( r$bud1 slightly l>g] & av]ag+ two weeks lat]1 #d or #e sl5d] petals & r$ /am5s (t5 curv+ 9 opposite directions4 ,fruit3 #c or r>ely #d r\nd1 black1 %9y se$s1 small] ?an true buckeyes b hav+ ! pale 8eye-spot02 lea!ry br[n pods usually crack op5 & drop ! se$s 9 ,octob] or ,novemb]1 !mselves rema9+ ?r\gh ! w9t]4 ,! se$s are p[]ful emetics & reput$ to be poison\s4 ,wood3 heavy1 close-gra9$1 s(t b brittle1 r$di% br[n4 ,k 7p4 #bae47 ,illu/ration3 #bef ,texas buckeye #beg4 ,,soapb]ry or wild *9ab]ry 7,sap9dus drummondii ,h4 ,a47 a m$ium-siz$ tree1 fairly common 9 l[l&s1 a tree ( ! s\?we/-c5tral /ates4 ,leaves3 p9nately comp\nd ( #d to #i pairs ( sickle-%ap$ leaflets ab\t #b in*es long ) entire m>g9s2 lack ! odd t]m9al leaflet ( walnuts & pecans4 ,twigs3 sl5d]1 ! out] bran*es (t5 droop+4 ,b>k3 light gray1 r\gh & loosely scaly4 ,fl[]s3 small1 creamy :ite1 %[y because ( l>ge size ( ! t]m9al clu/]s1 9 ,may or ,june4 ,fruit3 gold51 or amb]1 transluc5t1 size ( m>bles1 droop+ f tips ( bran*es1 rema9 until spr+ :5 !y sometimes turn black4 ,wood3 heavy1 /rong & splits easily betwe5 annual r+s1 h5ce us$ = basket spl9ts4 ,illu/ration3 #beg soapb]ry #beh4 ,,fetid or ,,ohio ,,buckeye 7,aesculus glabra ,willd47 m$ium %rub or r>ely small tree 9 ?is region1 l[ or upl& woods b n[h]e common4 ,leaves3 opposite1 palmately comp\nd1 ( #g to #i sl5d]1 too!d leaflets1 #b to #d in*es long1 #a to #b wide1 conspicu\s 9 e>ly spr+ z !y are among ! fir/ to op54 ,twigs3 /\t1 ) l>ge opposite buds1 ! t]m9al "o conta9+ leaves z well z fl[] clu/]s2 bran*es usually divide into twos4 ,fl[]s3 9 ,april1 pale yell[ clu/]s1 /am5s slightly long] ?an ! petals4 ,fruit3 br[n1 glossy se$s1 flatt5$ on "o side1 ) a l>ge1 pale 8eye-spot02 two or ?ree 9 a lea!ry1 r\nd$ husk1 #a to #b in*es across1 cov]$ ) %ort1 scatt]$ prickles4 ,! se$ 0 once believ$ to be a cure = rheumatism :5 c>ri$ 9 ! pocket4 ,wood3 light1 close-gra9$1 t\gh2 us$ = artificial limbs1 spl9ts1 wood5w>e & pap] pulp2 ill-sc5t$4 ,illu/ration3 #beh ,ohio buckeye ,,buck?orn ,,family #bei4 ,,indian ,,*]ry 7,rhamnus c>ol9iana ,walt47 or yell[ buck?orn1 a %rub or small tree1 fairly common 9 ri*1 l[ woods & lime/one slopes4 ,leaves3 glossy1 d>k gre51 #b to #e 94 long & #a to #b 94 wide1 r\nd$ at base & acute or acum9ate at tip1 m>g9s obscurely s]rate1 ve9s yell[1 ev5ly spac$ & prom95t on ! "u side2 turn+ d>k purple or yell[ 9 autumn1 t>dily decidu\s on "y trees4 ,twigs3 ) nak$ w9t] buds small & po9t$4 ,fl[]s3 9 ,may1 inconspicu\s1 usually dioeci\s4 ,fruit3 size ( small peas1 conta9+ #b to #d se$s2 scatt]$1 on %ort /ems2 r$ 9 summ]1 turn+ black 9 autumn4 ,wood3 h>d1 light br[n1 close-gra9$ & brittle4 ,illu/ration3 #bei ,indian *]ry #bfj4 ,,new ,,j]sey ,,tea 7,ceano?us ovatus ,desf47 or ,,r$-,,root2 a %rub #a to #c feet high1 common on dry upl&s ( woods1 mead[s & roadsides4 ,leaves3 ve9s depress$ above & prom95t b5ea? z 9 ! o!r two local memb]s ( ?is family1 l[e/ pair longe/1 n d>k & glossy above1 #a or #b 94 long1 less ?an half z wide4 ,twigs3 sl5d]1 reta9+ /ems & :iti% fruit 8cups0 9 w9t]4 ,fl[]s3 t9y1 :ite1 fragrant1 9 small1 d5se1 r cone-%ap$ clu/]s2 ! #e petals & #e sepals all :ite & incurv$1 petals =m+ a hood f :i* an!rs project2 9 ,april4 ,fruit3 small1 ?ree-lob$1 :ite1 rip5+ 9 summ]4 ,k 7p4 #baf47 ,illu/ration3 #bfj ,new ,j]sey tea2 fruit #bfa4 ,,rattan ,,v9e or ,,supple-,,jack 7,b]*emia sc&5s ,trel47 a fairly common1 high-climb+1 woody v9e ( l[ woods4 ,leaves3 simil> to ,indian *]ry except mu* small]1 #a to #b 94 long4 ,/ems3 smoo?1 gre5i%1 pliable1 t\gh1 v sl5d] :5 "y1 becom+ sev]al in*es ?ick 9 old age4 ,fl[]s3 small1 gre5i%-:ite1 9 small panicles4 ,fruit3 oval1 blacki%1 ab\t 94 long1 conta9+ "o se$4 ,b 7,vol4 ,,ii1 p4 #ejb74 ,illu/ration3 #bfa rattan v9e ,,v9e 7,,grape7 ,,family #bfb4 ,,virg9ia ,,creep] 7,ps$]a qu9quefolia ,gre5e7 7,p>!nocissus q4 ,plan*47 or woodb9e3 common woodl& v9e pref]r+ l[l&s1 climb+ tall trees or cov]+ /umps4 ,leaves3 alt]nate1 palmately comp\nd1 ( #e to #g leaflets1 irregul>ly too!d1 tap]+ at ea* end1 #b to #d 94 long2 turn+ bright sc>let 9 e>ly fall4 ,fl[]s3 clu/]$1 inconspicu\s4 ,fruit3 blui%1 r\nd1 l t9y grapes1 popul> ) birds4 ,m ?an "o species b n readily di/+ui%$4 ,"s h adhesive disks at ! tips ( t5drils4 ,(t5 b ne$lessly confus$ ) poison ivy4 ,illu/ration3 #bfb ,virg9ia creep] #bfc4 ,,pepp] ,,v9e 7,cissus arborea ,des ,m\l9s7 a fairly common v9e 9 riv] bottoms & l[1 s&y soils4 ,leaves3 alt]nate1 twice-p9nately comp\nd1 d>k gre51 r$di% :5 "y & 9 autumn2 resembl+ *9ab]ry2 decorative4 ,/ems3 sl5d]4 ,fl[]s3 :iti%1 small4 ,fruit3 l small grapes b glossy black1 in$ible1 ripe 9 ,augu/4 ,k 7p4 #bbc74 ,illu/ration3 #bfc pepp] v9e #bfd4 ,,c[-,,it* ,,v9e 7,cissus incisa ,des ,m\l9s7 a r r>e v9e pref]r+ op51 s&y woods4 ,leaves3 fle%y1 sometimes palmately comp\nd1 or deeply #c-lob$ or #c-p>t$4 ,/ems3 some:at fle%y4 ,fl[]s3 small1 9 comp\nd umbels1 usually #d spread+ petals4 ,fruit3 small1 grape-l1 blacki%4 ,k 7p4 #bbb74 ,illu/ration3 #bfd c[-it* v9e #bfe4 7,,cissus ,,ampelopsis ,p]s47 no common "n2 a r>e v9e ( l[ woods4 ,leaves3 grape-l1 b smoo? & ?91 broadly oval1 or he>t-%ap$1 co>sely too!d4 ,fruit3 blui%1 in$ible1 l small grapes4 ,ma9 ,,/em3 sometimes ) _m %ort1 leafy bran*es4 ,b 7,vol4 ,,ii1 p4 #eji74 ,illu/ration3 #bfe ,cissus ampelopsis #bff4 ,,mu/ang ,,grape 7,vitis c&icans ,engelm47 abundant v9e ( roadside ?ickets & woods4 ,leaves3 l>ge1 angl$1 %all[-too!d1 v wooly b5ea?2 ! leaves ( "y %oots are usually deeply1 _m-lob$ 9 m>k$ contra/ to ! old]4 ,fl[]s3 small1 :iti%1 fragrant1 9 droop+ clu/]s4 ,fruit3 l>ge z m>bles1 acid1 b palatable1 blacki%1 ripe ,july4 ,k 7p4 #bbj74 #bfg4 ,,summ] ,,grape 7,vitis species7 a v9e ( woods & roadside ?ickets4 ,leaves3 l>ge1 unlob$ to deeply lob$1 wooly :5 "y4 ,fruit3 small1 pleasant1 ripe 9 autumn4 ,,/4 ,,john',,swort ,,family #bfh4 ,,/4 ,,&rew',s ,,cross 7,ascyrum hyp]icoides ,l47 l[ %rub ( l[1 s&y woods1 r r>e4 ,leaves3 to #a in*es long1 opposite1 _m rema9+ gre5 ?r\gh mild w9t]s4 ,fl[]s3 yell[1 ab\t in* across1 ( f\r petals1 fall+ e>ly2 two ( f\r sepals l>g]1 leaflike1 clasp+ bud or se$-pod betwe5 !m4 ,fruit3 sev]al small se$s 9 ea* disk-l pod1 t>dily decidu\s4 ,b 7,vol4 ,,ii1 p4 #ebh74 ,illu/ration3 #bfh ,/4 ,&rew's cross ,,cactus ,,family #bfi4 ,,prickly ,,pe> ,,cactus 7,opuntia ,sp47 a %rub1 common 9 mead[s & dry woods4 ,bran*es 7jo9ts73 broad1 flat1 gre51 sp9y & some:at leaflike4 ,true ,,leaves3 small1 fle%y1 ?ick scales1 e>ly decidu\s4 ,fl[]s3 #b to #e in*es across1 hav+ _m glossy1 yell[ petals & num]\s /am5s4 ,fruit3 r$di%1 prickly1 ab\t an in* across & slightly long]4 ,?is %rub is a valu$ =age crop 9 _m p>ts ( we/]n ,texas1 aft] ! sp9es h be5 burn$ (f ) a bl[ tor*4 ,,dogwood ,,family #bgj4 ,,fl[]+ ,,dogwood 7,cornus florida ,l47 %rub or small tree1 v r>e2 usually 9 rocky or s&y woods1 (t5 ) c$>4 ,leaves3 simple1 #b to #e in*es long1 #a to #b wide1 opposite1 mo/ly 9 clu/]s at ! ends ( bran*es2 entire or ne>ly s1 ve9s prom95t b5ea?4 ,twigs3 di/+ui%$ 9 w9t] by ! pale 8flat turnip-%ap$0 fl[] buds2 bright r$ or yell[i% gre51 sl5d]4 ,b>k3 furr[$ & break+ into some:at rectangul> plates2 a/r+5t & aromatic1 us$ 9 m$ic9e4 ,bran*es3 usually horizontally spread+ & upcurv$ at tips4 ,fl[]s3 gre5i% yell[1 small1 9 d5se heads surr\nd$ by #d l>ge1 :ite1 not*$1 petal-l bracts2 9 ,m>* & ,april4 ,fruit3 d5se clu/]s ( glossy1 sc>let1 oval b]ries1 ab\t in* long4 ,wood3 heavy1 h>d1 /rong1 v close-gra9$2 = turn]y1 tool h&les1 =ms = metal-sp9n]s = :i* la/ x is sold by ! p\nd4 #bga4 ,,dw>f or ,,r\gh-,,leaf ,,dogwood 7,cornus asp]ifolia ,mi*x47 a l>ge %rub1 or r>ely a small tree1 common & widespread1 pref]r+ l[l&s4 ,leaves3 simple1 opposite1 ne>ly entire1 r\gh above1 pal] & d[ny b5ea?1 #b to #d in*es long1 ovate or oblong4 ,twigs3 bright r$ 9 w9t]1 r\gh or ) :iti% pubesc5ce4 ,b>k3 ?91 n>r[ly ridg$1 ) close1 d>k r$-br[n scales4 ,fl[]s3 small1 :ite1 9 flat-topp$ clu/]s1 9 ,april or ,may foll[+ black haw fl[]s :i* !y resemble4 ,fruit3 small1 :ite1 on r$di% /ems1 ripe late summ] & fall4 ,wood3 heavy1 h>d1 /rong1 f9e-gra9$2 adapt$ = turn]y4 ,illu/ration3 #bga dw>f dogwood ,,sapodilla ,,family #bgb4 ,,wooly ,,bumelia1 ,,*ittam ,,wood1 or ,,gum ,,ela/ic 7,bumelia lanug9osa ,p]s47 a common tree ( widespread & v>i$ habitat4 ,leaves3 mo/ly blunt at apex1 entire1 #a to #b in*es long1 d>k & smoo? above1 :iti% or sometimes ru/y1 wooly b5ea?1 especially :5 "y2 t>dily decidu\s4 ,twigs3 ) small1 scatt]$ sp9es usually tipp+ ! smalle/ twigs4 ,fl[]s3 9 ,july1 :iti%1 inconspicu\s4 ,fruit3 ripe ,sept4 & ,oct41 oval1 black1 few or solit>y2 sweeti%1 ) a s+le1 d>k br[n1 %9+ se$ ab\t in* across4 ,wood3 h>d1 heavy1 t\gh1 smoo?-gra9$4 ,,ebony ,,family #bgc4 ,,p]simmon 7,diospyros virg9iana ,l47 a common small or r>ely l>ge tree1 on dry1 op5 gr\nd1 old fields or sometimes ri* bottom l&s4 ,leaves3 ovate1 entire1 #d to #f in*es long1 d>k & %9+ above1 pal] b5ea?4 ,twigs3 sl5d]1 light br[n or a%y gray1 ) a ?ick pi? cavity4 ,b>k3 d>k1 divid$ into ne>ly squ>e blocks4 ,fl[]s3 dioeci\s1 pi/illate solit>y bell-%ap$ ab\t in* deep & in* wide2 /am9ate %ort] & tubul> clu/]$ 9 #b's or #c's2 bo? creamy color$1 op5+ 9 ,may4 ,fruit3 s(t1 r\nd1 orange-br[n1 ab\t #a to #b in*es across1 conta9+ _m l>ge1 flat1 smoo? se$s2 edible1 ripe 9 fall & w9t]1 :5ev] ! calyx sep>ates readily f ! fruit4 ,wood3 h>d1 d5se1 /rong2 br[n or black he>twood1 wide sapwood :ite or yell[i%2 us$ = %uttles1 golf-/ick heads1 b n comm]cially valuable4 ,,olive ,,family #bgd4 ,,:ite ,,a% 7,frax9us am]icana ,l47 a common1 r l>ge tree ( widespread & v>i\s habitat4 ,leaves3 opposite1 p9nately comp\nd1 #e to #i b usually #g leaflets1 entire or ) obscure or r\nd$ tee?1 #c to #e in*es long & #a to #c wide1 d>k gre5 above & pal] b5ea?4 ,twigs3 /\t1 gray or light br[n 9 w9t]1 ) l>ge1 r\ndi% leaf-sc>s concave or not*$ on upp] side4 ,b>k3 d>k br[n or gray1 brok5 by _m n>r[ fissures4 ,fl[]s3 dioeci\s1 ! /am9ate clu/]s (t5 mi/ak5 = se$s :5 !y h>d5 & cl+ ?r\gh w9t]1 a condition caus$ by ! /+ ( an insect mite4 ,fruit3 ne>ly cyl9drical se$ ) a ?9 w+ atta*$1 o>-%ap$1 #a to #b in*es long1 9 d5se clu/]s4 ,wood3 heavy1 h>d1 t\gh1 /rong1 br[n2 valuable = tool h&les1 o>s1 furniture & int]iors2 valu$ z a %ade tree4 #bge4 ,,gre5 ,,a% 7,frax9us p5nsylvanica v>4 lanceolata ,s>ge47 pref]s bottom l&s4 ,leaves3 diff] f :ite a% 9 ! leaf color :i* is light or bright gre5 on bo? sides1 m>g9s m %>ply s]rate & s]rations ext5d+ ne>ly to ! base1 leaflets n>r[]4 ,fruit3 w+s ext5d m ?an half way along two sides ( ! se$ portion4 ,twigs3 leaf-sc> /raight or ne>ly s on upp] side4 ,s9ce ?is tree (t5 hybridizes ) ! :ite a%1 ! species are sometimes h>d to di/+ui%4 #bgf4 ,,spr+ ,,h]ald 7,adelia pubesc5s ,nutt47 spr+ gold5gl[1 or devil's elb[2 an abundant %rub ( m$ium height1 widespread b pref]r+ upl& woods4 ,leaves3 simple1 opposite1 to #a in*es long1 blunt1 ) f9e1 r\nd$ tee?4 ,twigs3 light1 gray1 zigzag or tangl$4 ,fl[]s3 dioeci\s1 v e>ly1 petal-less1 clu/]s ( /am5s pale yell[1 pi/illate fl[]s gre5i%4 ,fruit3 oval1 blui%1 rip5 & fall e>ly 9 summ]4 ,^! bu%es make d5se cov] = birds & small animals4 ,x is always di/+ui%able f swamp holly by its opposite twigs4 ,k 7p4 #bhg74 ,illu/ration3 #bgf spr+ h]ald #bgg4 ,,swamp ,,privet 7,adelia acum9ata ,poir47 a tall %rub or r>ely a small tree gr[+ only 9 l[ or swampy woods :]e fairly common4 ,leaves3 opposite1 usually #a to #c in*es long & ab\t an in* wide1 m>g9s entire or f9ely s]rate1 tips acum9ate4 ,twigs & ,,b>k3 d>k1 r smoo? ) light dots4 ,fl[]s3 simil> to spr+ h]ald4 ,fruit3 elongat$1 usually tap]+4 ,illu/ration3 #bgg swamp privet ,,v]va9 ,,family #bgh4 ,,fr5* ,,mulb]ry 7,callic>pa am]icana ,l47 or beautyb]ry3 a m$ium %rub fairly common 9 l[ woods especially :]e s&y4 ,leaves3 simple1 opposite1 co>sely too!d1 #c to #e in*es long1 #a to #c wide1 light gre51 tap]+ at bo? ends1 s(tly fuzzy on bo? sides & ) t9y %9+ gl&s b5ea?4 ,twigs3 ) pale1 ru/y fuzz4 ,fl[]s3 pale p9k1 9 d5se clu/]s close to ! bran*es at ea* pair ( leaves4 ,fruit3 bright r$di% purple1 ab\t in* across1 9 d5se clu/]s #a to #a in*es across1 surr\nd+ ! /ems4 ,(t5 plant$ = ! decorative fruits :i* are attractive to birds4 ,k 7p4 #cda74 ,illu/ration3 #bgh ,fr5* mulb]ry ,,bignonia ,,family #bgi4 ,,cig> ,,tree 7,catalpa speciosa ,w>d]47 a tree well kn[n 9 cultivation & r>ely z an escape1 9 woods4 ,?is tree ) its l>ge1 opposite1 he>t-%ap$ ,,leaves1 %[y :ite or lav5d]1 fl>+ bell-%ap$ ,,fl[]s & p5cil-l ,,pods is too conspicu\s to require a detail$ description4 ,wood3 s(t1 light1 co>se-gra9$2 sometimes plant$ 9 groves 9 ri* soil = use z f5ce po/s or sometimes = railroad ties4 #bhj4 ,,trumpet ,,creep] 7,tecoma radicans ,l47 a r>e v9e gr[+ along f5ce r[s & edges ( woods 9 s&y l&2 common 9 ,ea/ ,texas4 ,leaves3 p9nately comp\nd & opposite1 ( #i to #aa leaflets1 too!d1 po9t$1 ovate4 ,fl[]s3 l>ge1 orange-r$1 fl>+ trumpet-%ap$1 ne>ly #c in*es long4 ,fruit3 pods #b to #e in*es long1 tap]$2 se$s flat1 w+$1 num]\s4 ,illu/ration3 #bhj trumpet creep] #bha4 ,,buttonbu% 7,cephalan?us occid5talis ,l47 button will[3 usually a l>ge %rub1 fairly common 9 swamps or ne> wat]2 (t5 cultivat$4 ,leaves3 simple1 opposite or 9 :orls ( #c or m1 smoo?1 d>k gre51 ) a /\t yell[ midrib1 #b to #g in*es long1 to #c wide4 ,twigs3 /\t1 smoo?1 ) a ?ick pi?1 pale r$di%-br[n & cov]$ ) a bloom 9 _! fir/ w9t]4 ,b>k3 d>k1 r\gh1 ) n>r[ scales2 conta9s tann92 us$ 9 treatm5t ( fev]s4 ,fl[]s3 creamy :ite1 fragrant1 9 d5se balls ab\t #a to #a in*es 9 diamet]4 ,fruit3 a d>k br[ni%1 h>d ball1 rema9+ ?r\gh ! w9t]4 ,,honeysuckle ,,family #bhb4 ,,coral ,,honeysuckle or ,,trumpet ,,honeysuckle 7,lonic]a semp]vir5s ,l47 an ev]gre5 v9e1 r>e except 9 cultivation2 common 9 ,ea/ ,texas2 l[ woods & ?ickets4 ,leaves3 oblong1 smoo?1 upp] pairs unit$ or encircl+ /em4 ,fl[]s3 ,trumpet-%ap$1 light r$1 yell[i% inside1 #a to #a in*es long1 9 clu/]s4 ,fruit3 sc>let1 fle%y4 ,illu/ration3 #bhb coral honeysuckle #bhc4 ,,bu% ,,honeysuckle 7,lonic]a albiflora ,t4 ,g47 n v common2 on lime/one bluffs1 upl& mead[s & ?ickets4 ,leaves3 opposite1 upp] pair usually unit$ or encircl+ /em1 n ev]gre54 ,/ems3 /iff & upright or sometimes long & trail+1 bo? usually to be f\nd on "o bu%2 ?is habit is ! be/ po9t ( di/9ction betwe5 ?is species & ! r>] trumpet honeysuckle :5 !re are no fl[]s pres5t4 ,fruit3 sc>let1 fle%y4 ,fl[]s3 :iti% or yell[i%1 small4 ,k 7p4 #chb74 ,illu/ration3 #bhc bu% honeysuckle #bhd4 ,,indian ,,currant 7,symphoric>pos orbiculatus ,mo5*47 or coralb]ry1 ! la/ "n also us$ = o!r plants1 locally well kn[n z buckbru% or p>tridge bru%4 ,?is #a to #c-;foot %rub is abundant 9 woodl&s1 especially 9 ri* soil4 ,leaves3 simple1 opposite1 entire or ne>ly1 #a to #a in*es long1 usually blunt at tip1 d>k] above4 ,twigs3 wiry1 br[n4 ,fl[]s3 :ite1 small1 9 d5se clu/]s at leaf-axils4 ,fruit3 mag5ta r$1 9 d5se clu/]s encircl+ /ems1 rema9+ ?r\gh w9t]4 ,! mu* small] size ( bu%1 leaves & fruit clu/]s prev5ts confusion ) ,fr5* mulb]ry4 ,b 7,vol4 ,,iii1 p4 #bgg74 ,illu/ration3 #bhd ,indian curr5t #bhe4 ,,black ,,haw 7,viburnum rufidulum ,raf47 or possum haw3 a %rub or m (t5 a small tree2 9 woods1 pref]r+ l[l&s4 ,leaves3 ?ick1 glossy1 f9ely s]rate1 ab\t #c in*es long & half z wide2 a ru/y fuzz at ! base ( ! ve9s b5ea?2 simple1 opposite1 r$ 9 autumn4 ,twigs3 sometimes coat$ ) ru/y fuzz z ! buds always are4 ,b>k3 d>k r$di% br[n1 ) small1 r\ndi% scales4 ,fl[]s3 late ,m>* or e>ly ,april1 :ite1 9 flat clu/]s ab\t #e or #f in*es across4 ,fruit3 oval1 ab\t "o-half in* long1 blue ) a bloom1 conta9+ a s+le /ony se$2 especially attractive 9 autumn1 turn+ f r$ to blue4 ,wood3 ill-sc5t$4 ,illu/ration3 #bhe black haw #bhf4 ,,eld]b]ry or common eld] 7,sambucus canad5sis ,l47 usually a tall %rub2 common 9 l[1 ri* woods4 ,leaves3 p9nately comp\nd1 ( #e to #aa oblong1 or oval1 smoo? leaflets1 #b to #d in*es long1 ! l[] (t5 #c-p>t$2 %>ply s]rate1 opposite4 ,twigs3 ) ?9 woody lay] surr\nd+ ?ick :ite pi?4 ,fl[]s3 small1 :ite1 9 l>ge1 comp\nd1 flat clu/]s2 sweet-sc5t$4 ,fruit3 purpli% black1 glossy1 juicy1 popul> ) birds1 ripe 9 late summ]4 ,k 7p4 #cha74 ,illu/ration3 #bhf eld]b]ry ,,bibliography ,a4 ,blakeslee ,j>vis1 8,trees 9 ,w9t]10 ,macmillan1 #aibf4 ,includes only ! trees f\nd 9 ,new ,engl&1 ab\t #be ( !m also "h2 illu/rat$4 ,conta9s a good section on ! c>e & plant+ ( trees4 ,b4 ,britton ,br[n1 8,illu/rat$ ,flora ( ! ,nor!rn ,/ates & ,canada10 #c vol41 ,*>les ,scribn]'s ,sons1 #aiac edition4 ,^! volumes1 ?\gh te*nical1 are helpful 9 ! id5tification ( _m plants because ( ! detail$ l9e draw+s :i* illu/rate e species4 ,c4 ,br[n1 ,h4 ,p41 8,trees ( ,nor!a/]n ,unit$ ,/ates10 ,*ri/oph] ,publi%+ h\se1 #aich1 second edition4 ,useful leaf1 fruit & twig keys4 ,d4 ,c\lt]1 ,john ,m41 8,botany ( ,we/]n ,texas10 ! ,u4 ,s4 ,national ,h]b>ium1 ,vol4 ,,ii1 ,u4 ,s4 ,dept4 ( ,agriculture1 ,wa%+ton1 ,d4 ,c41 #ahid4 ,obvi\sly out ( date & also out ( pr9t b describes a few species ( ?is region :i* are to be f\nd 9 no o!r book4 ,e4 ,gray1 ,asa1 8,gray's ,new ,manual ( ,botany10 ,am]ican ,book ,co41 #g? edition1 #aijh4 ,a te*nical h&book = ! fl[]+ plants & f]ns ( ! ,c5tral & ,nor!a/]n /ates & ,canada4 ,m5tion$ "h because its sy/em ( classification & sci5tific names has be5 foll[$1 9 mo/ cases4 ,?is manual m ne>ly con=ms to ! new int]national rules ( classification ?an any o!r available1 except ,s>g5t4 ,f4 ,h\gh1 ,romeyn ,beck1 8,h&book ( ! ,trees ( ! ,nor!rn ,/ates & ,canada40 ,publi%$ by ! au?or1 ,l[ville1 ,n4 ,y41 #aijg4 ,includes _m ( our trees & useful because ( ! detail$ photographic illu/rations4 ,g4 ,mattoon ,web/]1 8,=e/ ,trees ( ,texas10 bullet9 #bj1 ,texas ,=e/ ,s]vice1 ,college ,/ation1 #aibh4 ,conta9s descriptions & draw+s ( #ib ,texas trees1 ab\t #de ( !m 9 ,dallas ,c\nty4 ,inexp5sive4 ,h4 ,p>ks1 ,h4 ,b41 8,valuable ,plants ,native to ,texas10 ,bullet9 #eea1 ,texas ,agricultural ,exp]im5t ,/ation1 ,college ,/ation1 #aicg4 ,notes on ! uses & habits ( native plants1 ) special emphasis on honey plants4 ,i4 ,rog]s1 ,julia ,ell51 8,! ,tree ,book10 ,d\bl$ay ,page1 #aiab4 ,old b /ill popul> guide to ! trees ( ,nor? ,am]ica1 illu/rat$4 ,useful & int]e/+ facts ab\t trees are "h told 9 a mo/ int]e/+ mann]4 ,j4 ,s>g5t1 ,*>les ,sprague1 8,manual ( ! ,trees ( ,nor? ,am]ica10 ,h\ghton ,miffl91 #aicc4 ,includes complete te*nical descriptions ( ! #ef plants 9 ?is booklet :i* sometimes atta9 su* height & habit z to be call$ trees4 ,k4 ,s*ulz1 ,ell5 ,d4 7,quill571 8,texas ,wild ,fl[]s10 ,laidlaw ,bros41 #aibh4 ,describes ab\t #ah ( ! species 9 ?is booklet4 ,"o ( ! be/ books = beg9n]s 9 ! /udy ( wild fl[]s ( our region4 ,l4 ,small1 ,john ,kunkel1 8,flora ( ! ,s\!a/]n ,unit$ ,/ates10 publi%$ by ! au?or1 #aijc4 ,?is is ! only complete floral manual ev] publi%$ :i* includes ,dallas ,c\nty4 ,ne$$ = id5tification ( a few species b ! book is out-(-date 9 its sy/em ( classification & also out ( pr9t4 ,ditto = ! edition ( #aiac4 ,m4 ,small1 ,john ,kunkel1 8,manual ( ! ,s\!a/]n ,flora10 publi%$ by ! au?or1 ,new ,york1 #aicc4 ,descriptions te*nical b helpful 9 ! id5tification ( a few species n describ$ 9 _m o!r books4 ,?is volume does n include ,texas4 ,,index ,a ,ac] negundo1 #bee ,adelia acum9ate1 #bgg ,adelia pubesc5s1 #bgf ,aesculus glabra1 #beh ,amorpha fruticosa1 #bde ,ari/olo*ia tom5tosa1 #bbh ,ascyrum hyp]icoides1 #bfh a%1 gre51 #bge a%1 prickly1 #bdf a%1 waf]1 #bdg a%1 :ite1 #bgd ,b be> grass1 #bje beautyb]ry1 #bgh bee* family1 #bab-bbj ,b]*emia sc&5s1 #bfa bignonia family1 #bgi-bha bir?wort family1 #bbh bois d'arc1 #bbf box eld]1 #bee buck-bru%1 #bhd buckeye1 fetid1 #beh ,ohio1 #beh ,spani%1 #bef ,texas1 #bef buck?orn1 ,c>ol9a1 #bei yell[1 #bei buck?orn family1 #bei-bfa ,bumelia lanug9osa1 #bgb bumelia1 wooly1 #bgb burn+ bu%1 #bed button will[1 #bha buttonbu%1 #bha buttonwood1 #bca ,c cactus family1 #bfi ,callic>pa am]icana1 #bgh ,canada moonse$1 #bcj ,c>ol9a moonse$1 #bbi popl>1 #bjg ,c>ya buckleyi1 #baa pecan1 #bji texana1 #baj ca%ew family1 #bdi-beb ,catalpa speciosa1 #bgi catbri]1 #bjd ,ceano?us ovatus1 #bfj c$>1 m\nta91 #bjb r$1 #bja ,celtis laevigata1 #bbe occid5talis 7v>471 #bbd ,cephalan?us occid5talis1 #bha ,c]cis canad5sis1 #bda r5i=mis1 #bdb *]ry1 ,indian1 #bei wild black1 #bcf ,*9ab]ry1 #bdh wild1 #beg *ittam wood1 #bgb cig> tree1 #bgi ,cissus ampelopsis1 #bfe arborea1 #bfc incisa1 #bfd ,cocculus c>ol9us1 #bbi coralb]ry1 #bhd honeysuckle1 #bhb v9e1 #bbi ,cornus asp]ifolia1 #bga florida1 #bgj cottonwood1 #bjg c[-it* v9e1 #bfd ,crataegus1 #bcb ,d devil's elb[1 #bgf dewb]ry1 #bce ,diospyros virg9iana1 #bgc dogwood1 dw>f1 #bga fl[]+1 #bgj r\gh-leav$1 #bga dogwood family1 #bgj-bga ,dut*man's pipe1 #bbh ,e ebony family1 #bgc eld]1 #bhf box1 #bee eld]b]ry1 #bhf elm1 ,am]ican1 #bba c$>1 #bbb r$1 #bbj slipp]y1 #bbj :ite1 #bba w+$1 #bbc ,eve's necklace1 #bdd ,evonymus atropurpureus1 #bed ,f false indigo1 #bde ,frax9us am]icana1 #bgd p5nsylvanica 7v>471 #bge ,fr5* mulb]ry1 #bgh ,g ,gl$itsia triacan?os1 #bdc grape1 mu/ang1 #bff summ]1 #bfg grape family1 #bfb-bfg gre5bri]1 #bjd gum ela/ic1 #bgb ,h hackb]ry1 r\gh-leav$1 #bbd s\!rn1 #bbe haw1 black1 #bhe possum1 #bec1 #bhe r$1 #bcb haw?orn1 #bcb hickory1 #baa holly1 swamp1 #bec holly family1 #bec honey locu/1 #bdc honeysuckle1 bu%1 #bhc coral1 #bhb honeysuckle family1 #bhb-bhf hop tree1 #bdg horse-apple1 #bbf ,i ,ilex decidua1 #bec ,indian *]ry1 #bei ,indian currant1 #bhd indigo1 false1 #bde ivy1 poison1 #bea ,j ,juglans nigra1 #bjh ,junip]us mexicana1 #bjb virg9iana1 #bja ,l lily family1 #bjd-bje locu/1 honey1 #bdc riv]1 #bde ,lonic]a albiflora1 #bhc semp]vir5s1 #bhb ,m ,maclura pomif]a1 #bbf mahogany family1 #bdh maple family1 #bee ,melia az$]a*1 #bdh ,m5isp]mum canad5se1 #bcj mesquite1 #bdj moonse$ family1 #bbi-bcj ,morus rubra1 #bbg mulb]ry1 ,fr5*1 #bgh r$1 #bbg mu/ang grape1 #bff ,n necklace1 ,eve's1 #bdd nettle family1 #bbj-bbg ,new ,j]sey tea1 #bfj ,o oak1 basket1 #bae black jack1 #bah bur1 #bad *e/nut1 #baf *9quap91 #baf c[1 #bae duck1 #bag dw>f po/1 #bac mossy cup1 #bad p91 #bag poison1 #bea po/1 #bab r$1 #bai scrub1 #bac ,spani%1 #bai swamp *e/nut1 #bae ,texas r$1 #bai wat]1 #bag olive family1 #bgd-bgg ,opuntia sp41 #bfi ,osage orange1 #bbf ,p palm family1 #bjc palmetto1 dw>f1 #bjc ,p>!nocissus1 #bfb ,p>tridge bru%1 #bhd pea family1 #bdj-bdd pea*1 #bci pecan1 #bji pecan1 bitt]1 #baj pepp] v9e1 #bfc p]simmon1 #bgc p9e family1 #bja-bjb pipev9e1 wooly1 #bbh plane tree family1 #bca ,platanus occid5talis1 #bca plum1 dw>f1 #bch ,mexican1 #bcg wild1 #bcg poison ivy1 #bea oak1 #bea popl>1 ,c>ol9a1 #bjg ,populus deltoides 7v>471 #bjg possum haw1 #bec1 #bhe prickly a%1 #bdf prickly pe> cactus1 #bfi privet1 swamp1 #bgg ,prosopis gl&ulosa1 #bdj ,prunus angu/ifolia 7v>471 #bch mexicana1 #bcg p]sica1 #bci s]ot9a1 #bcf ,ps$]a qu9quefolia1 #bfb ,ptelea trifoliata1 #bdg ,q ,qu]cus macroc>pa1 #bad m>il&ica1 #bah muehl5b]gii1 #baf nigra1 #bag pr9us1 #bae rubra1 #bai ,%um>dii 7v>471 #bai /ellata1 #bba & v>41 #bac texana1 #bai ,r rattan v9e1 #bfa r$bud1 #bda1 #bda r$-root1 #bfj r$ haw1 #bcb ,rhamnus c>ol9iana1 #bei ,rhus copall9a1 #bej glabra1 #bdi toxicod5dron1 #bea trilobata 7v>471 #beb riv] locu/1 #bde ,rosa foliosa 7foliolosa71 #bcd setig]a1 #bcc rose1 pa/ure1 #bcd prairie1 #bcc rose family1 #bcb-bci ,rubus trivialis1 #bce rue family1 #bdf-bdg ,s ,sabal m9or1 #bjc ,/4 ,&rew's cross1 #bfh ,/4 ,john'swort family1 #bfh ,salix nigra1 #bjf ,sambucus canad5sis1 #bhf ,sap9dus drummondii1 #beg sapodilla family1 #bgb s>sap>illa1 wild1 #bbi sawbri]1 #bjd skunkbu%1 #beb ,smilax1 #bjd soapb]ry1 #beg family1 #bef-beh ,sophora aff9is1 #bdd ,spani% buckeye1 #bef dagg]1 #bje spr+ gold5gl[1 #bgf h]ald1 #bgf /aff-tree family1 #bed /ret*b]ry1 #bjd sumac1 aromatic1 #beb dw>f1 #bea ill-sc5t$1 #bea smoo?1 #bdi w+$1 #bej supplejack1 #bfa swamp holly1 #bec privet1 #bgg sycamore1 #bca ,symphoric>pos1 #bhd ,t te>-blanket1 #bdf ,tecoma radicans1 #bhj ,texas buckeye1 #bef too?a*e tree1 #bdf trumpet creep]1 #bhj honeysuckle1 #bhb ,u ,ulmus am]icana1 #bba alata1 #bbc crassifolia1 #bbb fulva1 #bbj ,ungnadia speciosa1 #bef ,v v]va9 family1 #bgh ,viburnum rufidulum1 #bhe v9e family1 #bfb-bfg ,virg9ia creep]1 #bfb ,vitis c&icans1 #bff sp41 #bfg ,w waahoo1 #bed waf] a%1 #bdg walnut1 black1 #bjh walnut family1 #bjh-baj will[1 #bjf family1 #bjf-bjg woodb9e1 #bfb ,x ,xan?oxylum clava-h]culis1 #bdf ,y ,yucca1 #bje ,illu/ration3 ,cov] image ,transcrib]'s ,notes --,sil5tly correct$ a few typos4 --,reta9$ publication in=mation f ! pr9t$ edition3 ?is e,book is public-doma9 9 ! c\ntry ( publication4 --,9 ! text v]sions only1 text 9 italics is delimit$ by und]scores4 --,includ$ species draw+s ) ea* species 7! pr9t$ edition includ$ all draw+s 9 a s+le section47