file :i* includes ! orig9al illu/ration4 ,see #ehdfa-;h4htm or #ehdfa-;h4zip3 7https3_/_/www4gut5b]g4org_/ca*e_/epub_/ #ehdfa_/pg#ehdfa-;images4html7 or 7https3_/_/www4gut5b]g4org_/files_/#ehdf a_/ehdfa-;h4zip7 ,images ( ! orig9al pages are available ?r\gh ,int]net ,ar*ive4 ,see https3_/_/ar*ive4org_/details_/read+h[to teac#jj;arnoiala ,transcrib]'s note3 ,text enclos$ by und]scores is 9 italics 7italics74 ,text enclos$ by equal signs is 9 bold face 7bold74 ,,read+3 ,,h[ ,,to ,,tea* ,,x4 ,illu/ration3 ,,girl ,,read+4 ,w4 ,m4 ,hunt4 ,,read+3 ,,h[ ,,to ,,tea* ,,x by ,,s>ah ,,l\ise ,,arnold ,sup]visor ( ,s*ools1 ,bo/on1 ,mass41 & au?or ( 8,/epp+ ,/ones to ,lit]ature10 8,waym>ks = ,tea*]s10 etc4 ,illu/ration ,silv]1 ,burdett & ,company ,bo/on ,new ,york ,*icago ,copyright1 #ahii by ,silv]1 ,burdett & ,company ,,greet+4 ,! tea*] ( *ildr5 mu/ "k h[ to guide h] "w s t ! seem+ly trivial beg9n+s %all t5d t[>d a goal ^: atta9m5t is wor? /riv+ =4 ,h]s is a day ( small ?+s4 ,! *ild does n see ! end f ! beg9n+1 b ! tea*] mu/1 & ! con/ant recognition ( ! desir$ object mu/ influ5ce h] simple/ lesson4 ,^! pages are writt5 9 ! hope ( help+ tea*]s to appreciate ! true import ( ! famili> task4 ,!y attempt to int]pret & to dignify ! commonplace r\t9e4 ,!y h gr[n out ( ?\ghtful exp]i5ce1 & are s5t =? ) good w1 to _! s]vice4 ,,s>ah ,,l\ise ,,arnold4 ,bo/on1 ,mass41 ,july1 #ahii4 ,,cont5ts4 ,,*apt] ,,page ,i4 ,,:y ,,d ,,we ,,read8 #i ,,ii4 ,,lit]ature ,,9 ,,! ,,s*ool-,,room #be ,,iii4 ,,le>n+ ,,to ,,read #de ,,iv4 ,,! ,,/udy ,,( ,,! ,,lesson #hg ,v4 ,,language ,,lessons ,,z ,a ,,prep>ation ,,= ,,read+ ,,lessons #aje ,,vi4 ,,expression ,,9 ,,read+ #aag ,,vii4 ,,lessons ,,to ,,sugge/ ,,plans ,,( ,,"w #aci ,,viii4 ,,lessons ,,to ,,sugge/ ,,plans ,,( ,,"w--,,cont9u$ #aeg ,,ix4 ,,! ,,/udy ,,( ,,pictures #ahe ,x4 ,,h9ts ,,= ,,read+ ,,lessons #aii ,,xi4 ,,! ,,use ,,( ,,! ,,libr>y #bbc ,,xii4 ,a ,,li/ ,,( ,,books #bea ,,xiii4 ,a ,,li/ ,,( ,,poems #bgc ,consid] :at y h 9 ! smalle/ *os5 libr>y4 ,a company ( ! wise/ & wittie/ m5 t c\ld be pick$ out ( all civil c\ntries1 9 a ?\s& ye>s1 h set 9 be/ ord] ! results ( _! le>n+ & wisdom4 ,! m5 !mselves 7 hidd5 & inaccessible1 solit>y1 impati5t ( int]ruption1 f5c$ by etiquette2 b ! ?\ght t !y did n uncov] to _! bosom fri5d is "h writt5 out 9 transp>5t words to u1 ! /rang]s ( ano!r age4 ,we owe to books ^? g5]al b5efits :i* come f high intellectual action4 ,?us1 ,i ?9k1 we (t5 owe to !m ! p]ception ( immortality4 ,!y imp>t sympa!tic activity to ! moral p[]4 ,g ) mean p1 & y ?9k life is mean4 ,!n read ,plut>*1 & ! _w is a pr\d place1 peopl$ ) m5 ( positive quality1 ) h]oes & demi-gods /&+ ar\nd u1 :o w n let u sleep4 ,!n !y address ! imag9ation3 only poetry inspires poetry4 ,!y become ! organic culture ( ! "t4 ,college education is ! read+ ( c]ta9 books :i* ! common s5se ( all s*ol>s agrees w repres5t ! sci5ce already accumulat$4 ,9 ! highe/ civilization1 ! book is /ill ! highe/ delight4 ,,ralph ,,waldo ,,em]son4 ,illu/ration ,,read+3 ,,h[ ,,to ,,tea* ,,x4 ,,*apt] ,i4 ,,:y ,,d ,,we ,,read8 ,! p[] to read is s ord9>y a "p ( our m5tal equipm5t t we r>ely "q its mean+ or its orig94 ,all common ?+s pass u un*all5g$1 h[ev] m>vell\s !y may be4 ,we take little note ( our sunrises & sunsets1 ! hill range :i* we see e day f our w9d[1 ! cle> air :i* infuses new en]gies into our lives ) e new morn+4 ,common in/itutions1 h[ev] preci\s--! home1 ! s*ool1 ! *ur*1 ! /ate--are receiv$ by u z a matt] ( c\rse1 j z *ildr5 receive )\t surprise ! mo/ valuable gifts f ! h&s ( _! fri5ds4 ,we ne$ n m>vel1 !n1 t ?is p[]1 :i* has s long be5 a "p ( ourselves1 %\ld rema9 unque/ion$1 or t we le>n to read )\t giv+ a ?\ght to ! motive :i* impels u to le>n4 ,x may be well = ev5 ! mo/ ?\ghtful among u to pause = a mom5t to "q :y ev]ybody le>ns to read2 to pond] ! returns f ! ef=t1 ! "t1 & ! pa9s sp5t 9 ! ma/]y ( ! art4 ,x is evid5t t our e/imate ( ! value ( read+ w dep5d ^u our k9d ( read+2 or1 9 o!r words1 ! k9d ( k :i* we ga9 f read+4 ,= example1 y & ,i may turn to ! daily newspap] = a c]ta9 k to direct our ev]yday plans4 ,we wi% to g to ! city on ! morr[3--?is ev5+'s pap] w>ns u ( an approa*+ ra92 we !re=e provide ourselves ) an umbrella be=e />t+ on our j\rney4 ,or we desire to he> ,nans5's lecture3--! newspap] apprises u ( ! "t1 ! place1 ! subject1 ! co/ ( tickets1 ! place :]e !y are to be sold1 ! arrangem5t = extra tra9s4 ,or1 aga91 we plan a trip to ,florida3--! ways & means ( go+1 ! dep>ture & arrival ( tra9s1 ! *oice ( r\tes1 ! co/ ( ! j\rney1 ! hotels :i* we may expect to f9d1 toge!r ) a ?\s& o!r items1--all ^! are le>n$ by means ( "t-tables1 guide-books1 & pr9t$ pamphlets1 :i* we c>efully read be=e go+4 ,)\t ?is in=mation :i* has be5 writt5 d[n = u1 & )\t ?is p[] on our "p to read x1 our j\rney w\ld be to u l t ( a travell] 9 an unexplor$ c\ntry1 except z our fri5ds give u ! result ( _! exp]i5ce4 ,! bus9ess man consults ! pap] to le>n ( ! quotations ( /ocks & bonds1 ! arrival or dep>ture ( %ips1 ! sc>city or abundance ( crops4 ,! en?usia/ic bicycli/ le>ns ( ! propos$ runs ( ! club ?r\gh ! oblig+ columns ( ! pap]2 8 guide-book supplies ! directions :i* take him safely to 8 j\rney's end1 or ! descriptions :i* int]pret to him ! places ?r\gh :i* he rides4 ,c we imag9e ourselves z b]eft ( ?is p[] ( read+ ! pr9t$ directions :i* are e day consult$ by u = our ord9>y conv5i5ce8 ,h[ limit$1 h[ h9d]$ our lives w\ld seem to u ) ?is p[] )drawn6 ,?r\gh ! v>i\s ag5cies to :i* we h ref]r$1 & simil> s\rces equally famili> to u1 we %>e ! exp]i5ce ( o!rs & add to our limit$ life t :i* !y h le>n$ = u4 ,our p[] is multipli$1 our conv5i5ce is assur$1 our happ9ess is increas$ by means ( ! "w :i* has be5 done by o!rs4 ,! fruit ( o!rs' ?\ght & exp]i5ce is /or$ ready = our use z soon z we h ma/]$ ! art ( read+4 ,!re=e1 9 ord] t we may add to our own p[] by %>+ ! exp]i5ce & wisdom ( o!rs 9 ! managem5t ( our ev]yday1 practical affairs1 we h le>n$ to read4 ,&1 fur!rmore1 z memb]s ( a community we ne$ to "k :at o!rs are do+4 ,we _c live to ourselves alone4 ,ord9>y intellig5ce dem&s a k ( contempor>y ev5ts4 ,a /rike 9 ! ,fall ,riv] mills1 a fre%et 9 ! ,connecticut ,valley1 a cyclone 9 ,i[a1 a fro/ 9 ,florida1 a fam9e or a pe/il5ce 9 ,india1 a w> 9 ,cuba1 ! ?reat5$ p>tition ( ,*9a1 ! accession ( ,hawaii1 are matt]s :i* p]ta9 to u also4 ,9 ^! days ( rapid transmission ( intellig5ce1 ! _w has become "o great family1 & 9 proportion z "o recognizes 8 responsibility to ! bro!rhood ( :i* he is a memb]1 he w be int]e/$ to "k ! de$s ( o!r m51 ! happ5+s 9 o!r communities4 ,^! ex]t a direct influ5ce ^u our own environm5t4 ,!re=e we read to obta9 k ( ! life ab\t u1 9 c\ntries ne> & remote2 & 9 proportion z our int]e/ is wide & intellig5t does su* read+ become a necessity to u4 ,moreov]1 an intellig5t judgm5t ( ! ev5ts ( ! pres5t involves a k ( ! pa/1 :i* to s l>ge a degree det]m9es ! pres5t4 ,:at m5 h done1 :at !y h discov]$1 :at !y h ?\ght1 9 ! ages t are pa/1 enables u to int]pret ! pres5t4 ,a complete k ( our own "t is ! possession only ( ! man :o c read ! pa/4 ,! hi/ory ( any nation1 ! developm5t ( any art or sci5ce1 ! gr[? ( any religion c be kn[n only to him :o reads4 ,! /ud5t ( 8 own times mu/ turn to ! life ( ! ye/]days = answ]s to ! problems :i* are confront+ him4 ,! exp]i5ce ( ! pa/ has be5 *ronicl$ 9 books 9 ord] t we may %>e ! bless+s ( t exp]i5ce4 ,h[ n>r[ seems ! life ( ! p]son :o is )\t ! p[] to read ev5 ! outl9es ( t hi/ory6 ,we h b to imag9e ! books ( ! pa/ z clos$ to ! entire _w1 & ! p[] ( read+ z cut (f f e "o1 to realize ! individual loss :5 ! p[] ( ?us read+ is )held4 ,x is a recogniz$ tru? t ! broad] "o's life1 ! great] 8 consci\sness ( ! necessity = g5]al k su* z is ga9$ f books4 ,a f\r? type ( read+ is sugge/$ by ! m9i/rations ( lit]ature4 ,if we imag9e ourselves z seat$ by ! /udy table read+ our favorite poem1 we %all recognize t x has be5 ?r\gh ! read+ ( lit]ature t mu* ( our highe/ inspiration has come to u4 ,x is ! poet :o br+s to u true insight into our own exp]i5ce1 :o int]prets = u ! great problems ( life4 ,) :at joy & exultation we recall our magnific5t hymns6 ,:at waves ( emotion sweep ov] u z we read ! l9es 9 :i* ! ma/] h& has record$ ! deepe/ exp]i5ces6 ,= enjoym5t1 = culture1 = spiritual help we turn to ! high] ord] ( books4 ,9 ! true/ s5se1 ?is read+ directs our lives1 int]prets our exp]i5ces1 & det]m9es our ideals4 ,we _c imag9e ourselves z defraud$ ( ?is bir?right4 ,h[ meagre w\ld our lives at once become if e ve/ige ( ! treasures ( lit]ature 0 remov$ f our exp]i5ce3--! army )\t ! battle hymn1 ! home )\t ! poem1 ! /ruggle )\t ! psalm ( c\rage1 ! mortal defeat )\t ! inspir+ %\t ( spiritual triumph6 ,9 attempt+ ?us to picture a life )\t ! inspiration ( lit]ature1 we realize our dep5d5ce ^u its tea*+s4 ,! high] our conception ( liv+1 ! full] our realization ( ! help :i* comes to u ?r\gh lit]ature4 ,our motives 9 read+1 !n1 may be record$ 9 an asc5d+ s]ies3 ,to obta9 practical guidance 9 ev]yday affairs2 to enri* our lives ) ! exp]i5ce ( our neighbors2 to %>e ! wisdom result+ f ! exp]i5ce ( ! pa/2 to ga9 pleasure1 insight1 & spiritual direction4 ,any "o ( ^! motives w\ld be suffici5t to w>rant u 9 tea*+ read+2 ?r\gh any "o ( ^! results we are fitt$ to become bett] memb]s ( ! community4 ,b c we draw ! l9e1 giv+ to our *ildr5 ! l[] results only1 :]e s mu* might well be giv58 ,we h ask$ :y we read1 & ! "q :i* naturally foll[s is3 8,:at %all we read80 ,we mu/ be able to read ord9>y facts affect+ our ev]yday life1 express$ 9 ! t]ms ( t life4 ,su* read+ involves little gr[?4 ,its purposes are exce$+ly practical 9 ! ord9>y s5se ( ! t]m4 ,!re is little wid5+ ( our horizon1 little deep5+ ( our exp]i5ce 9 consequ5ce ( su* practice4 ,second1 we %\ld read su* books & pap]s z w s]ve to in=m u ( contempor>y ev5ts1--su* ev5ts z really h a be>+ ^u our pres5t environm5t or ! life ( ! future4 ,?is read+ gives u k ( o!r peoples & places1 wid5+ our horizon1 & urg+ u back to /udy1 ) cle>] eyes1 ! environm5t :i* has be5 con/antly ab\t u4 ,only ?us c we truly see ! life :i* is ne>e/ to u4 ,?ird1 ! read+ ( ! pa/ leads u to ! pages ( hi/ory 9 :i* ! be/ has be5 *ronicl$4 ,z has be5 said1 ! k ( ! pres5t c be obta9$ only ?r\gh ! int]pretation ( ! pa/4 ,t life is n>r[ inde$ :i* conf9es its range to ! pres5t alone4 ,& f\r?1 we mu/ be able to read & int]pret lit]ature1 a read+ :i* requires a full] p[] ?an any :i* has be5 h]et(ore describ$1 & involves a high] type ( tea*+4 ,9 ! ?\ght ( _m p>5ts & fri5ds ( ! s*ool1 ! imm$iately practical aim ( read+ is ! only "o consid]$4 ,because read+ facilitates buy+ & sell+1 com+ & go+1 & is ord9>ily accept$ z a m>k ( intellig5ce1 x is consid]$ z an ess5tial 9 our s*ool c\rses4 ,b ! high] our conception ( life1 ! high] w be our conception ( education2 & ) ! high] conception ( education comes ! acceptance ( ! high] aim1 ev5 9 our simple/ tea*+4 ,we may le>n to read 9 su* a way t we nev] rise beyond ! fir/ result ( our atta9m5t4 ,?is w almo/ assur$ly be ! case if ! s-call$ 8practical0 aim is ! only "o consid]$2 b if1 f ! beg9n+1 ! tea*]'s hope & t ( ! p>5t are t ! *ild may gr[ into full] p[]1 we %all f9d 8 life /r5g!n$ & inspir$ by ! l(ti] aim1 by ! sur] accompli%m5t ( ! great] result4 8,seek ye fir/ ! k+dom ( ,god & 8 righte\sness1 & all ^! ?+s %all be add$ unto y40 ,! old say+ is f> f be+ int]pret$ 9 ^! days ( hurry+ to obta9 ! imm$iate & ! practical1--b x is =ev] true t z our aim becomes high]1 ! type ( our "w becomes nobl]1 :ile ! "* ( ! results ju/ifies our endeavors4 ,! great] w include ! less1 b ! l[] aim may nev] lead to ! high]4 ,c we d>e to )hold f our *ildr5 ! com=t1 ! inspiration1 ! /r5g?1 ! guidance t has come to u ?r\gh ! high] type ( read+8 ,is x n a necessity t1 f ! beg9n+1 !y %all be taught to look =w>d to su* p[] ( acquisition z %all op5 to !m ! treasures ( exp]i5ce :i* h be5 writt5 d[n = !m 9 ! be/ books8 ,illu/ration ,x is z undesirable z x is impossible to try to fe$ ! m9ds ( *ildr5 only ^u facts ( obs]vation or record4 ,! imm5se product ( ! imag9ation 9 art & lit]ature is a concrete fact ) :i* e educat$ be+ %\ld be made some:at famili>1 su* products be+ a v real "p ( e individual's actual environm5t4 ''' ,d we n all "k _m p :o seem to live 9 a m5tal vacuum--to :om we h great difficulty 9 attribut+ immortality1 because !y app>5tly h s little life except t ( ! body8 ,fifte5 m9utes a day ( good read+ w\ld give any "o ( ?is multitude a really human life4 8,! uplift+ ( ! democratic masses dep5ds ^u ! implant+ at s*ools ( ! ta/e = good read+40 ,,*>les ,w4 ,,eliot4 ,illu/ration ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,,lit]ature ,,9 ,,! ,,s*ool-,,room4 ,le>n+ to read is an important "p ( ! *ildr5's tra9+1 b le>n+ :at to read is q z important4 ,a *ild's ma/]y ( ! pr9t$ page may leave him ) ! key to t :i* is base & ignoble 9 lit]ature1 or x may op5 to him t :i* is noble & inspir+4 ,8 newly gott5 p[] may unlock to him ! dime novel1 or ! ,iliad4 ,:e!r he turns to ! "o or to ! o!r dep5ds l>gely ^u 8 e>ly associations4 ,x is det]m9$ especially by 8 e>ly tea*+4 ,to pres5t ! "r /&>d or patt]n is "o ( ! functions ( ! tea*]4 ,?is is equally true :e!r ! lesson be ! =m ( a ,lat9 v]b1 ! %ape ( a vase1 ! polite fa%ion ( address1 or ! *oice ( books4 ,to set ! copy 0 ( old ! tea*]'s "p1 & x mu/ /ill occupy a prom95t place 9 our "w4 ,= ! sake ( giv+ ! *ildr5 "r ideals1 we mu/ place be=e !m ! be/ 9 lit]ature1 su* lit]ature z w supply n only /&>ds 9 language1 b ideals 9 "*4 ,_! exp]i5ce1 l ours1 mu/ be ren=c$ by ! tea*+s ( o!rs--! lessons :i* h be5 treasur$ 9 books--& ^! lessons mu/ beg9 9 *ildhood4 ,x is a mi/ake to po/pone good lit]ature until ! *ild has ma/]$ ^w =ms & ! te*nique ( read+4 ,8 love = ! good mu/ exi/ be=e he beg9s to read at all1 & mu/ be /imulat$ & /r5g!n$ by means ( 8 read+4 ,at ! same "t t he becomes ma/] ( ! me*anics ( read+1 he %\ld be end[$ ) ! desire to *oose t :i* is good to read4 ,! "w ( ! tea*]1 !re=e1 is to e/abli% ideals1 to quick5 desire1 to /r5g!n "r t5d5cies1 to lead to wise *oices4 ,^! belong to ! tea*+ ( read+1 & %\ld assume q z important a place z does ! ma/]y ( words1 or flu5cy 9 expression4 ,z has be5 said1 good lit]ature %\ld n be po/pon$ until ! *ildr5 c read x = !mselves4 ,a /udy ( our own exp]i5ce w assure u t ! tea*+s ( our *ildhood h made ! mo/ la/+ impression ^u u4 ,x is ! *ildhood association :i* moves u mo/ /rongly to-day4 ,z ! twig is b5t ! tree is incl9$4 ,!re comes a "t 9 ! tree's hi/ory :5 its incl9ation is fix$4 ,x is ! "y tree :i* is %ap$ by ! skill ( ! nurs]yman4 ,! be/ ( poems %\ld be read & recit$ to little *ildr54 8,tell me a /ory10 or 8,read to me10 is ! (t-repeat$ plea 9 ! home4 ,x indicates ! *ild's desire1 & 8 ne$ z well4 ,let u be taught by ! *ildr54 ,"h is our opportunity to pres5t to !m ! /ory t is wor? tell+1 ! poem t is wor? read+4 8,tell x aga910 we he>1 aft] e recital1 & aga9 & aga9 & aga9 ! lov$ /ory is repeat$4 ,%\ld we n be assur$ t ! (t-he>d ^w is wor?y ( ?is frequ5t repetition8 ,if ! *ild asks = bread1 %all we give him a /one8 ,9 ! home1 long be=e ! *ild ent]s s*ool1 he %\ld become famili> ) true /ories1 fairy /ories1 exquisite songs1 beautiful poems1 adapt$ to 8 intellig5ce1 suit$ to 8 int]e/4 ,if ?is good "w has be5 done at home x %\ld be cont9u$ by ! tea*]4 ,if x has be5 neglect$ by ! home fri5ds1 x necess>ily becomes a "p ( ! tea*]'s "w4 ,! *ild's m9d %\ld be furni%$ ) ! be/ /ories & poems be=e he beg9s 8 prim]4 ,s %all he long to ma/] ! art :i* %all op5 books to him = 8 own read+1 & e /ep :i* 8 baby feet take 9 ! pa? to 8 desire %all br+ him consci\sly ne>] to ! long$-= treasure4 ,?r\gh ! fir/ ye>s ( ! s*ool life1 tell+ /ories1 recit+ poems1 or read+ to ! *ildr5 %\ld be a frequ5t ex]cise4 ,?is may occur 9 ! "t ( ! read+ lesson1 9 ! language lesson1 or ! morn+ talk4 ,! b5efits d]iv$ f ?is practice are two-fold4 ,! /ories & ! poems give to ! *ildr5 new mat]ial = ?\ght2 !y also help !m to acquire a ta/e = good ?+s :i* w cause !m to *oose in/9ctively t :i* is good :5 !y are left free to *oose4 ,*ildr5 :o h be5 accu/om$ to ! /ories ( ! ,iliad1 w read & re-read ?is treasure 9 lat] life ) an advantage :i* c\ld n h be5 !irs _h n ! h]oes ( ! old /ory be5 ! companions ( _! *ildhood's ?\ght4 ,we c h>dly imag9e t boys accu/om$ to su* associations w be satisfi$ ) ! *eap & p]nici\s pages ( ! dime novel4 ,a m9d well furni%$ ) good ?+s w appropriate good to itself4 ,x is ! empty head :i* becomes fill$ ) t :i* is *eap & mean4 ,! *ildr5 ( a c]ta9 city 7 once ask$ )\t previ\s notice to write d[n some?+ :i* !y _h memoriz$4 ,^? :o _h n be5 taught 9 s*ool to memorize *oice selections1 wrote pages ( curi\s & unc\? rhymes1 :i* !y _h le>n$ 9 v>i\s ways4 ,! ex]cise prov$ conclusively t !y mu/ be help$ to *oose wisely4 ,! *oice w nev] be betwe5 ! good & no?+1 fulness & empt9ess3 x w always be a *oice betwe5 ! good & ! bad4 ,let u read to ! *ildr51 !n4 ,let _! own desires guide our selection 9 ! beg9n+4 ,! true /ory1 ! fairy /ory1 ! poem1 may be read or recit$ 9 turn4 ,! *ildr5's plea = repetition w tea* u :at _! pres5t *oice is4 ,if we are wise we %all be in/ruct$ by _! comm5ts & que/ions4 ,?ree rules %\ld guide our *oice ( lit]ature3 ,fir/1 give ! *ildr5 :at is good4 ,second1 give !m :at we l4 ,?ird1 give !m :at !y l4 ,! fir/ rule ne$s no int]pretation4 ,) s mu* t is preci\s wait+ to be taught1 we _c be satisfi$ ) any lesson mat]ial wor?less 9 itself4 ,life is too %ort & its "t too sacr$ to admit ( su* h>mful dally+4 ,! second rule is always a safe "o4 ,we mu/ tea* t :i* belongs to u4 ,we _c give to ! *ildr5 :at is n ours to give4 ,! poem or /ory :i* we enjoy because x answ]s to some?+ 9 our nature1 we %all be able to tea* to !m4 ,we may repeat1 b we _c tea*1 t :i* has n ent]$ into our own lives4 ,!re=e1 if we d n love & appreciate :at is good 9 lit]ature1 our fir/ duty is to tea* ourselves1 9 ord] t we may be prep>$ to tea* ! *ildr54 ,! ?ird rule necessitates a /udy ( ! *ildr5 z well z a /udy ( lit]ature4 ,songs & /ories :i* are entirely suit$ to "o class may fail to int]e/ ano!r4 ,^? :i* we l may n attract ! *ildr54 ,h5ce1 we mu/ wat* !m ?r\gh our /ory-tell+ or our read+1 & judge1 by _! att5tion1 _! comm5ts1 _! sil5ce1 _! indiff]5ce1 :]e _! int]e/ lies4 ,we mu/ beg9 ) t :i* appeals to _! *ild life1 _! pres5t int]e/2 b we %all n end !re4 ,we mu/ lead !m to a full] enjoym5t & to a wid] int]e/1 by giv+ !m always a little m ?an t = :i* !y ask4 ,!re is mu* 9 ! pages ( ! be/ lit]ature :i* is already suit$ to *ildr5's und]/&+4 ,let u *oose t fir/4 ,b we %all d>e to add mu* :i* !y d n fully und]/& z yet1 kn[+ t ! future w int]pret to !m t :i* is n[ hidd54 ,x is a mi/ake to cut lit]ature to ! *ildr5's compreh5sion4 ,let u tru/ t !y w feel 9 "s measure ! beauty :i* !y _c und]/&1 & t _! future exp]i5ce w unlock ! door :i* is n[ %ut to !m4 ,! writ] rememb]s a class ( *ildr5--*ildr5 :o came f rude homes1 ^: lives 7 n>r[ & h9d]$1 :o1 nev]!less1 li/5$ ) int5se int]e/ to ! poems :i* _! tea*] read to !m4 ,x happ5$ t %e once select$ = ! morn+ read+ ! fir/ /anzas ( ,longfell['s poem1 8,my ,lo/ ,y\?40 ,!y li/5$ eag]ly until ! book 0 clos$1 giv+ evid5ce ( appreciation ) e return ( ! rhy?mic refra94 8,is t all80 !y ask$4 8,no10 0 ! reply1 8b y w\ld n und]/& ! re/40 8,oh1 read x to u1 ev5 if we don't10 !y urg$4 8,we love ! s\nd ( x40 ,! writ] has (t5 he>d prim>y classes recit+ ,wordswor?'s 8,daffodils0 ) great delight4 ,)\t d\bt ! *ild's int]pretation diff]s f t ( ! man1--und]/&+ is ! fruit ( exp]i5ce1--b ev5 ?us e>ly ! *ildr5 ent] into ! _s ( ! poem1 rejoice 9 ! beauty ( ! daffodils1 & are happy 9 ! rhy?mic recitation4 ,! beautiful words are treasur$ 9 _! memories1 to return aga9 & aga9 to gladd5 _! he>ts1 j z ! bright vision 0 repeat$ 9 ! exp]i5ce ( ! poet4 ,give to ! *ildr51 !n1 n only ! *ild ?\ght :i* fits ! *ildi% exp]i5ce1 b also ! treasure :i* gr[s 9 beauty z !y gr[1 & becomes ri* z !y become wise4 ,x is well = ! tea*] to cultivate ! art ( tell+ /ories to *ildr54 ,! /ory t is told has an elem5t ( life :i* is n f\nd 9 ! /ory t is read4 ,!re is no b>ri] betwe5 ! /ory-tell] & 8 audi5ce2 ! book (t5 makes a gulf betwe5 ! read] & 8 he>]s4 ,practise /ory-tell+4 ,let ! *ildr5's indiff]5ce tea* y :]e9 y fail2 y\r unconsci\s tutors w %[ y :at to omit & :at to magnify4 ,_! tra9+ w help y 9 o!r directions4 ,if y yield y\rself to ! tea*+ ( ! *ildr51 y w be repaid by a new read9ess 9 /ory-tell+ be=e less k9dly & less c&id critics4 ,d n =ego ?is privilege4 ,x is well to read & re-read ! poem or /ory until x becomes ! *ild's own possession4 ,! t]m 8,memory ,gem0 has be5 adopt$ into our famili> s*ool phrases4 ,:e!r ! phrase rema9s or n1 x is to be hop$ t ! ex]cise :i* x names w always h a place4 ,x has an advantage beyond simply read+ or he>+ ! poem4 ,! poem :i* has be5 committ$ to memory & recit$ aga9 & aga91 becomes ! *ild's own4 ,x w recur to him at 8 play1 at 8 "w1 9 s*ool & out4 ,no o!r ?\ght treasure is s de> to u z t :i* is le>n$ 9 *ildhood1 & :i* accompanies u ?r\gh life4 ,?r\gh su* indirect tea*+1 we may rema9 an influ5ce = good ev5 :5 our names h be5 =gott54 ,by means ( su* tuition ! *ild becomes famili> ) ! vocabul>y ( good lit]ature1 & is prep>$ to read1 und]/&1 & enjoy t :i* w\ld o!rwise h be5 beyond 8 rea*4 ,by all means cont9ue ! 8memory gem10 b be assur$ t ! selections are truly gems4 ,a poem or /ory may be pres5t$ to a *ild z a message f ! au?or to him4 ,:itti]'s 8,b>efoot ,boy10 = example1 s]ves n only to describe ! b>efoot boy1 b to tell ! *ildr5 some?+ ab\t ! poet himself4 ,if !y read x ) ?is ?\ght 9 m9d1 !y w be desir\s ( le>n+ some?+ ab\t ! poet4 ,?is /udy ( ! au?or %\ld n prec$e ! /udy ( ! poem4 ,!y w c>e to le>n ab\t ,:itti] because he has writt5 ?is *>m+ poem = !m2 n[1 facts ab\t 8 life w be fill$ ) mean+2 !y w rejoice 9 ! /ory ( 8 boyhood exp]i5ce1 & w return to 8,! ,b>efoot ,boy0 ) a ke5] int]e/1 because x has become real to !m ?r\gh _! /udy ( ! poet's life4 ,= little *ildr5 7& is x n true ( gr[n-up *ildr5 z well87 ?is is ! natural ord] ( tea*+4 ,we c>e to "k ab\t ,scott because we delight 9 8,m>mion0 & 8,ivanhoe02 we d n fir/ le>n ab\t ! au?or1 & !n decide to read 8 works4 ,o!r ?+s be+ equal1 our selections = read+ & = memoriz+ %\ld be f ! _w's be/ writ]s4 ,we %\ld at lea/ be sure t ! *ildr5's c\rse ( read+ gives !m "s s5se ( companion%ip ) a few m5 & wom5 :o h bless$ ! _w ?r\gh _! books4 ,hans ,*ri/ian ,&]s51 ,alice & ,phbe ,c>y1 ,m>y ,h[itt1 ,longfell[1 ,:itti]1 ,l[ell1 ,rob]t ,l\is ,/ev5son1 & ,eug5e ,field h writt5 "s ( _! be/ ?\ghts = *ildr5 z well z = m5 & wom54 ,"s ( ^! names %\ld /& = real p]sonalities1 nay1 = fri5ds1 to ! *ildr51 be=e !y leave s*ool4 ,"o "q is (t5 ask$ by tea*]s3 8,%all ,i give my?s to ! *ildr51 & h[8 & c ,i give !m if ,i d n believe !m nor l !m at all myself80 ,some:]e1 sometime1 someh[1 ! *ildr5 %\ld become famili> ) ! classic my?s4 ,! 8sometime0 %\ld be 9 *ildhood1 or ! my?s w nev] fulfil _! true mission4 ,!y %\ld come at ! "t :5 *ildr5 delight 9 ! m>vell\s1 ! fanciful1 ! grotesque4 ,rightly us$1 !y help to develop ! imag9ation1 a p[] :i* is left sadly to itself 9 s*ool life4 ,!y s]ve z a basis = future read+4 ,a k ( !m is necess>y to ! int]pretation ( ! be/ 9 lit]ature4 ,by all means give !m to ! *ildr51 b give !m 9 _! be/ =m4 ,!y %\ld n be mutilat$ by any attempt to embody !m 9 words ( "o syllable4 ,let ! *ild's read+ ( ! my?s wait until he is able to read "s v]sion c\*$ 9 ! pure/ ,engli%4 ,mean:ile1 read !m to him aga9 & aga91 sometimes )\t note or comm5t1 = explanations are (t5 bungl+ attempts to expla9 t :i* c nev] be expla9$4 ,let ! *ild absorb into himself :at ! /ory conveys to him4 ,answ] 8 que/ions pla9ly1 if y c4 ,tell him y d n "k1 if y d n2 b d n spoil 8 visions by attempt+ to tea* vaporiz$ !ories4 ,en\gh has be5 said ( ! tea*]'s duty 9 ! direction ( develop+ ta/e4 ,x is self-evid5t t no tea*] c help a *ild to appreciate t :i* is beautiful1 unless %e h]self appreciates x4 ,! f\nta9 _c rise high] ?an its s\rce4 ,we mu/ be t :i* we w\ld help ! *ildr5 to become4 ,!re=e1 x is ( ! utmo/ importance t ! tea*]'s read+ be c>efully direct$4 ,i "k ( no way 9 :i* a tea*] c bett] s]ve h] *ildr5 ?an by read+ ! be/ books4 ,?is read+ w be1 ( c\rse1 9 ! l9e ( h] own ta/es & int]e/s4 ,e ye>1 at ! lea/1 a new book %\ld become a tea*]'s possession4 ,%e %\ld n only buy x to keep1 b %e %\ld read & re-read x1 until its cont5ts become a "p ( h]self4 ,e ye> %\ld wid5 h] horizon1 & enable h] to see m truly ?an %e has se5 be=e4 ,e book ?us read & re-read becomes a def9ite =ce 9 h] life1 & unconsci\sly directs h] tea*+4 ,! tea*] :o w\ld guide h] pupils 9 ! fields ( lit]ature1 mu/ h]self frequ5t ! pa?s 9 :i* %e desires _! feet to tread4 ,illu/ration ,if ! cr[ns ( all ! k+doms ( ! empire 7 laid d[n at my feet 9 ex*ange = my books & my love ( read+1 ,i w\ld spurn !m all4 --,f,,nelon4 ,illu/ration ,,*apt] ,,iii4 ,,le>n+ ,,to ,,read4 ,! problem ( tea*+ w\ld be solv$ c\ld ! tea*] "k h[ h] well-devis$ plan ( action really affects h] pupil4 ,pati5tly & p]si/5tly %e foll[s h] =eorda9$ me?od1 b :o c "k ! critical mom5t :5 ! m9d op5s to take 9 ! new idea1 & to delight 9 ! consci\sness ( gr[?8 ,:o c "n or describe ! ,op5 ,sesame t unlocks ! _w ( books to ! *ild8 ,a cle> light is ?r[n ^u our common problem by ! *>m+ description ( "o *ild's exp]i5ce4 ,hugh ,mill]1 9 8 8,s*ools & ,s*oolma/]s10 tells u h[ he le>n$ to read1 or1 r1 le>n$ to love read+4 ,we quote at l5g?3-- ,i _h be5 s5t1 previ\s to my fa!r's dea?1 to a dame's s*ool1 :]e ,i 0 taught to pron\nce my lett]s to su* effect 9 ! old ,scotti% mode1 t /ill1 :5 ,i attempt spell+ a ^w al\d1 :i* is n (t51--= ,i f9d ! process a p]il\s "o1--! aa's1 & ee's1 & uh's1 & rau's1 return ^u me1 & ,i h to translate !m1 ) no little hesitation1 z ,i g along1 into ! m modi% s\nds4 ,a k ( ! lett]s !mselves ,i _h already acquir$ by /udy+ ! signpo/s ( ! place1--r>e works ( art1 t excit$ my utmo/ admiration1 ) jugs1 & glasses1 & bottles1 & %ips1 & loaves ( bread ^u !m2 all ( :i* c\ld1 z ! arti/ int5d$1 be actually recogniz$4 ,dur+ my six? ye>1 ,i spelt my way1 "u ! dame1 ?r\gh ! ,%ort] ,cate*ism1 ! ,prov]bs1 & ! ,new ,te/am5t1 & !n ent]$ ^u h] highe/ =m1 z a memb] ( ! ,bible ,class2 b all ! :ile1 ! process ( acquir+ le>n+ _h be5 a d>k "o1 :i* ,i sl[ly ma/]$1 9 humble confid5ce 9 ! awful wisdom ( ! s*oolmi/ress1 n kn[+ :i!r x t5d$1--:5 at once my m9d awoke to ! mean+ ( t mo/ delightful ( all n>ratives1 ! /ory ( ,joseph4 ,0 !re ev] su* a discov]y made be=e6 ,i actually f\nd out = myself1 t ! art ( read+ is ! art ( f9d+ /ories 9 books1 & f t mom5t read+ became "o ( ! mo/ delightful ( my amusem5ts4 ,i began by gett+ into a corn] at ! dismissal ( ! s*ool1 & !re conn+ ov] to myself ! new-f\nd /ory ( ,joseph2 nor did "o p]usal s]ve2 ! o!r ,scripture /ories foll[$1--9 especial1 ! /ory ( ,samson & ! ,phili/9es1 ( ,david & ,golia?1 ( ! prophets ,elijah & ,eli%a2 & aft] t came ! ,new ,te/am5t /ories & p>ables4 ,assi/$ by my uncles1 ,i began to collect a libr>y 9 a box ( bir*-b>k ab\t n9e in*es squ>e1 :i* ,i f\nd q l>ge en\gh to conta9 a great _m immortal works1--8,jack ! ,giant-,kill]10 & 8,jack & ! ,bean-,/alk10 & ! 8,yell[ ,dw>f10 & 8,blue ,be>d10 & 8,s9dbad ! ,sailor10 & 8,beauty & ! ,bea/10 & 8,aladd9 & ! ,wond]ful ,lamp10 ) sev]al o!rs ( resembl+ "*4 ,^? intol]able nuisances1 ! useful-k books1 _h n yet aris51 l t5ebri\s />s1 on ! educational horizon1 to d>k5 ! _w1 & %$ _! blight+ influ5ce on ! op5+ intellect ( ! 8y\?hood02 & s1 f my rudim5tal books--books t made !mselves truly su* by _! ?or\gh assimilation ) ! rudim5tal m9d--,i pass$ on1 )\t be+ consci\s ( break or l9e ( division1 to books on :i* ! le>n$ are cont5t to write comm5t>ies & diss]tations1 b :i* ,i f\nd to be q z nice *ildr5's books z any ( ! o!rs4 ,old ,hom] wrote admirably = little folk1 especially 9 ! 8,odyssey02 a copy ( :i*1 9 ! only true translation extant1--=1 judg+ f its surpass+ int]e/ & ! wra? ( critics1 su* ,i hold t ( ,pope to be1--,i f\nd 9 ! h\se ( a neighbor4 ,next came ! 8,iliad02 n1 h[ev]1 9 a complete copy1 b repres5t$ by f\r ( ! six volumes ( ,b]n>d ,l9tot4 ,) :at p[]1 & at h[ e>ly an age1 true g5ius impresses6 ,i saw1 ev5 at ?is immature p]iod1 t no writ] c\ld ca/ a javel9 ) half ! =ce ( ,hom]4 ,! missiles w5t :izz+ a?w>t 8 pages2 & ,i c\ld see ! mom5t>y gleam ( ! /eel1 ere x buri$ itself deep 9 brass & bull-hide4 ,i next succe$$ 9 discov]+ = myself a *ild's book1 ( n less int]e/ ?an ev5 ! 8,iliad10 :i* might1 ,i 0 told1 be read on ,sabba?s1 9 a magnific5t old edition ( 8,pilgrim's ,progress10 pr9t$ on co>se1 :ity-br[n pap]1 & *>g$ ) num]\s woodcuts1 ea* ( :i* occupi$ an entire page1 t1 on pr9ciples ( economy1 bore lett]press on ! o!r side4 ,& su* delightful pr9ts z ^! 76 ,x mu/ h be5 "s su* volume t sat = its portrait to ,wordswor?1 & :i* he s exquisitely describes z 8,pr(use 9 g>niture ( wood5 cuts1 ,/range & unc\?2 dire faces1 figures dire1 ,%>p-kne$1 %>p-elb[$1 & lean-ankl$1 too1 ,) long & gha/ly %anks1--=ms :i*1 once se51 ,c\ld nev] be =gott540 ,9 process ( "t ,i _h dev\r$1 besides ^! g5ial works1 8,rob9son ,crusoe10 8,gulliv]'s ,travels10 8,ambrose on ,angels10 ! judgm5t *apt] 9 ,h[ie's 8,scot* ,wor?ies10 ,byron's 8,n>rative10 & ! 8,adv5tures ( ,philip ,qu>ll10 ) a good _m o!r adv5tures & voyages1 real & fictiti\s1 "p ( a v miscellane\s collection ( books made by my fa!r4 ,x 0 a melan*oly little libr>y to :i* ,i _h fall5 heir4 ,mo/ ( ! miss+ volumes _h be5 ) ! ma/] abo>d ! vessel :5 he p]i%$4 ,( an e>ly edition ( ,cook's 8,voyages10 all ! volumes 7 n[ abs5t save ! fir/2 & a v tantaliz+ romance 9 f\r volumes1 ,mrs4 ,ratcliff's 8,my/]ies ( ,udolpho10 0 repres5t$ by only ! e>li] two4 ,small z ! collection 01 x conta9$ "s r>e books1--among ! re/1 a curi\s little volume entitl$1 8,! ,miracles ( ,nature & ,art10 to :i* we f9d ,dr4 ,johnson ref]r+1 9 "o ( ! dialogues *ronicl$ by ,boswell1 z sc>ce ev5 9 8 day1 & :i* _h be5 publi%$1 he said1 "s "t 9 ! sev5te5? c5tury by a booksell] ^: %op hung p]*$ on ,old ,london ,bridge1 betwe5 sky & wat]4 ,x conta9$1 too1 ! only copy ,i ev] saw ( ! 8,memoirs ( a ,prote/ant condemn$ to ! ,galleys ( ,france = 8 ,religion10--a "w int]e/+ f ! circum/ance t1 ?\gh x bore ano!r "n on its title-page1 x _h be5 translat$ f ! ,fr5* = a few gu9eas by poor ,goldsmi? 9 8 days ( obscure lit]>y drudg]y1 & exhibit$ ! peculi> excell5ces ( 8 /yle4 ,! collection boa/$1 beside1 ( a v curi\s old book1 illu/rat$ by v unc\? plates1 t detail$ ! p]ils & suff]+s ( an ,engli% sailor :o _h sp5t 8 be/ ye>s ( life z a slave 9 ,morocco4 ,x _h its volumes ( s\nd !ology1 too1 & ( /iff controv]sy1--,flavel's 8,works10 & ,h5ry's 8,comm5t>y10 & ,hut*9son on ! 8,less] ,prophets10 & a v old treatise on ! 8,revelation10 ) ! title-page away1 & bl9d ,jameson's volume on ! 8,hi]>*y10 ) fir/ editions ( 8,naph?ali10 8,! ,cl\d ( ,witnesses10 & 8,! ,h9d let ,loose40 ,b ) ^! solid au?ors ,i did n v5ture to grapple until long aft] ?is "t4 ,( ! works ( fact & incid5t :i* x conta9$1 ^? ( ! voyag]s 7 my especial favorites4 ,i p]us$ ) avidity ! voyages ( ,anson1 ,drake1 ,raleigh1 ,dampi]1 & ,capta9 ,woods ,rog]s1 & my m9d became s fill$ ) conceptions ( :at 0 to be se5 & done 9 =eign p>ts1 t ,i wi%$ myself big en\gh to be a sailor1 t ,i might g & see coral isl&s & burn+ m\nta9s1 & hunt wild bea/s & fight battles4 ,^! rem9isc5ces are mo/ sugge/ive4 ,d !y n f9d a p>allel 9 our memory ( our *ildhood conque/ ( ! art ( read+8 ,be=e plann+ h] lessons 9 read+1 ! tea*] w d well to review h] own exp]i5ce 9 read+1 or to scan ! difficulties :i* %e has enc\nt]$ 9 tea*+ o!r classes4 ,a brief analysis ( h] exp]i5ces1 bo? z a pupil & z a tea*]1 w reveal di/9ct l9es ( a*ievem5t 9 le>n+ to read4 ,^! are illu/rat$ 9 any act ( read+4 8,! old famili> sights ( ours ,took m>vell\s %apes4 ,/range domes & t[]s ,rose up :]e /y & corncrib /ood1 ,or g>d5 wall1 or belt ( wood4 ,! bridle po/ an old man sat1 ,) loose-flung coat & high-cock$ hat4 ,! wellcurb _h a ,*9ese ro(1 ,& ev5 ! tall sweep1 high alo(1 ,9 its slant spl5dor seem$ to tell ,( ,pisa's lean+ miracle40 ,to read1--t is1 to get ! mean+ ( ^! l9es2 or1 if "o reads al\d1 to get & to give ! mean+4 ,"o :o truly reads 8,sn[-,b\nd0 le>ns to see ! sc5es :i* ,:itti] s beautifully describes2 to see !m z he saw !m1 ) t5d] affection1 & to int]pret ! deep] mean+ ( ! l9es ( 8homely toil & de/9y obscure40 ,manife/ly ?is involves mu*4 ,on ! surface1 & fir/ attract+ ! att5tion ( ! tea*]1 appe>s ! obvi\s necessity ( kn[+ ! words at sight4 ,famili>ity ) ! =ms ( ! words us$ is indisp5sable to read+4 ,?is involves kn[+ ! s\nds ( ! words1 :ile ! p[] to pron\nce new words readily calls = k ( ! laws ( ,engli% pronunciation4 ,9 ! m9ds ( too _m tea*]s ( little *ildr51 su* ma/]y ( ^w pronunciation is held z read+4 ,b ?is is a griev\s error1 :i* leads to n>r[ & me*anical "w1 & obscures ! high purpose ( real read+4 ,ref]5ce to ! def9ition ( read+1 & a /udy ( ! selection f 8,sn[-,b\nd10 w %[ u ! prop] value ( ?is a*ievem5t & its relation to true read+4 ,! words are ! vehicle ( ?\ght1 a means to an end4 ,_! ma/]y is indisp5sable to read+1 b ! read] mu/ compass1 n ! s+le ^w-speak+1 b ! mean+ ( ! relat$ words :i* express ! au?or's ?\ght4 ,k ( ! mean+ ( ! words us$1 & especially ! mean+ ( ! words z ,:itti] uses !m1 is necess>y to a cle> und]/&+ ( ! poem4 ,! read] :o w\ld und]/& ! poem mu/ "k some?+ ( f>m life--! /y & ! corncrib1 ! g>d5 wall1 ! wellcurb1 ! sweep1 & ! o!r accessories ( ! f>m :i* ,:itti] names or describes4 ,pla9ly1 too1 8 k mu/ ext5d fur!r--to a ,*9ese ro(1 & ,pisa's lean+ miracle4 ,to su* k1 obs]vation ( common life mu/ m9i/]1 c\pl$ ) ! /udy ( books & pictures4 ,9 o!r words1 ! read] int]prets ,:itti]'s 8,sn[-,b\nd0 by virtue ( 8 own exp]i5ce1 ren=c$ by ! exp]i5ce ( o!rs z writt5 d[n 9 books1 or pictur$ ) bru% or p54 ,to ! =mal ^w-ma/]y1 !n1 mu/ be add$ /udy ( ! mean+ ( new words1 or recall+ su* exp]i5ce z expla9s ! old4 ,! cont5t1 z well z ! =m1 ( ! ^w mu/ be /udi$4 ,add$ to su* /udy1 is ! g5]al tra9+ :i* gives u p[] to picture ! unkn[n1 int]pret+ a new sc5e ?r\gh its relation to our old exp]i5ce4 ,! ready & tra9$ imag9ation easily pictures ! sc5e :i* ! words conjure be=e ! m9d--makes real ! home/ead1 sn[b\nd & com=tfill$4 ,read+ may be s taught z to develop ?is p[]1 :i* takes hold on ?+s unse54 ,no c>eful tea*] omits su* tra9+4 ,"h1 !n1 are diff]5t phases ( tea*+ read+3 ma/]y ( ! words z to =m & s\nd2 explanation ( ! mean+ ( new words1 ?r\gh obs]vation or read+2 lessons :i* t5d to develop p[] ( imag9ation4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! "y *ild :o leaves 8 home & 8 play to ent] ^u ! life ( ! s*ool-room f9ds a new _w await+ him1 ) manifold new exp]i5ces4 ,hi!rto he has romp$ & rambl$ to 8 he>t's cont5t4 ,all 8 fri5ds & playmates h 9 turn be5 8 tea*]s1 albeit !irs has be5 an unconsci\s tuition4 ,8 lessons h be5 9 ! l9e ( 8 desires1 or sugge/$ by 8 natural environm5t4 ,longfell[ pictures ! little ,hiawa?a 9 ! arms ( 8 fir/ tea*]1 ! lov+ old ,nokomis3 8,at ! door on summ] ev5+s ,sat ! little ,hiawa?a1 ,he>d ! :isp]+ ( ! p9e-trees1 ,he>d ! lapp+ ( ! wat]-- ,s\nds ( music1 words ( wond]2-- ,saw ! moon rise f ! wat]1 ,rippl+1 r\nd+ f ! wat]1 ,saw ! flecks & %ad[s on x1 ,:isp]$1 #8,:at is t1 ,nokomis8' ,& ! good ,nokomis answ]$--0 ''' ,! moon1 ! ra9b[ 9 ! heav51 ! ,milky ,way1 ! firefly1 ! owl & owlet1 ! beav]1 ! rabbit1 ! squirrel--^! salut$ ! baby boy1 & awak5$ 8 int]e/4 8,:at is t80 he cri$1 ) eag] "q4 8,& ! good ,nokomis answ]$40 ,! little ,hiawa?a 8le>n$ ( e bird its language40 ,he 0 taught1 n by old ,nokomis alone1 b by bird & bea/1 fl[] & field4 ,s ) e *ild :o ent]s ! s*ool-room ^u t fateful fir/ ,monday 9 ,septemb]4 ,he br+s ) him1 n an empty head1 b a m9d /or$ ) ! memories ( v>i$ exp]i5ces4 ,j z ! little ,hiawa?a gaz$1 pond]$1 que/ion$1 le>n$--s ?is *ild has se51 has he>d1 has que/ion$1 has ?\ght1 has act$4 ,:at he br+s to s*ool1 :o c tell8 ,:at has he se5 & he>d8 ,:at has he lik$ & desir$8 ,:at has he que/ion$ & le>n$8 ,h[ little we "k ( ?is unwritt5 hi/ory6 ,& yet x det]m9es ! net result ( all our tea*+4 ,= no?+ :i* we attempt to tea* f9ds lodgm5t 9 ! *ild m9d unless x is l9k$ ) "s pa/ exp]i5ce & awak5s actual int]e/4 ,mu* ( our reit]at$ in/ruction falls ^u deaf e>s1 fails utt]ly to awak5 ! dormant int]e/1 because x is ill *os54 ,we mu/ "k some?+ ab\t ! life ( ! *ildr5 be=e we c wisely tea* !m4 ,! ?\ghtful tea*] rememb]s ?is tru? & directs h] "w accord+ly4 ,in/ead ( ru%+ ) headlong zeal into ! r\t9e ( read+1 writ+1 & numb]--"u ! impulsion ( ! ,c\rse ( ,/udy1 & ! memory ( classes :i* fail$ to 8pass0--%e makes ha/e sl[ly1 & devotes ! fir/ days ( ! t]m to lessons :i* help to reveal ! exp]i5ce ( ! *ildr54 ,obs]vation ( & talks ab\t common ?+s2 conv]sations :i* lead ! *ildr5 to tell :at !y c d1 or l to d2 /ory tell+2 picture draw+2--^! af=d opportunity = expression1 & s]ve to %[ ! tea*] some?+ ( h] pupils' atta9m5ts1 & ! l9e ( _! int]e/s z well4 ,mean:ile1 !y are becom+ accu/om$ to ! s*ool-room r\t9e1 & s em]ge f ! p]iod 9 :i* !y gaz$1 dumb & daz$1 at ! _m m>vels ) :i* ?is new s*ool _w is cr[d$4 ,!y come to "k ! tea*] z _! fri5d1 & !y become free & confid5t 9 h] pres5ce4 ,?us ! true atmosph]e ( ! s*ool-room is creat$--! only atmosph]e 9 :i* :olesome & natural tea*+ & le>n+ c ?rive4 ,?is is n a prodigal misuse ( "t4 ,x is ! "p ( ?rift to s sp5d 9 ! beg9n+1 = ! returns are evid5t 9 ! ease & read9ess ) :i* pupils & tea*] aft]w>d "w toge!r--! value ( e lesson be+ enhanc$ by ! mutual good w & und]/&+4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! s*ool diff]s f ! home & ! k9d]g>t5 9 t its allott$ tasks are evid5tly det]m9$ by a motive & plan outside ! *ild's compreh5sion4 ,9 _m cases ?is mu/ be s4 ,! lessons :i* involve ! ma/]y ( ! symbols us$ 9 read+1 writ+1 & numb]1 or ! drill & practice necess>y to atta9 skill 9 music or draw+ or writ+1 h no self-evid5t goal = ! *ild4 ,s _m l9es1 s _m lett]s1 s _m problems1 he attempts1 because ! tea*] says s1 & 9 8 new univ]se ! tea*] is supreme4 ,at home he has always *os5 m or less2 s1 too1 9 ! k9d]g>t5 8 int]e/ & *oice det]m9$ ! /ory or ! game or ! topic ( conv]sation4 ,he has delight$ 9 build+ h\ses1 modell+ balls1 weav+ mats1 play+ games--& all1 s f> z he knew1 = 8 own imm$iate pleasure & accompli%m5t4 ,o!r results1 to him unkn[n1 7 ( c\rse secur$4 ,he build$ bett] ?an he knew4 ,b 9 e case he rejoic$ 9 "s imm$iate accompli%m5t :i* he desir$4 ,9 too _m cases ! decre$ ex]cises ( ! s*ool are mean+less & purposeless to ! beg9n]4 ,su* ex]cises easily deg5]ate into dull & fruitless r\t9e1 indiff]5t & pr(itless to tea*] & pupil alike4 ,to ar\se desire & awak5 consci\s motive is ! tea*]'s mo/ important "w1 & 9 tea*+ read+ x %\ld receive fir/ consid]ation4 ,%e1 !re=e1 aft] secur+ su* fre$om & cop]ation z promise a f]tile soil = h] se$-plant+1 calls ! *ildr5 ab\t h] to expla9 ! purpose ( ! lessons :i* w fill _! days4 ,p]haps %e reads to !m a /ory :i* !y l1 a new /ory :i* !y h nev] he>d4 ,:5 %e rea*es ! int]e/+ climax %e pauses to say1 8,i hav5't "t to read ! re/ ( ! /ory n[4 ,h[ ,i wi% y c\ld read6 ,!n y might take ! book & read ! /ory y\rselves4 ,w\ld y n l to le>n to read1 s t y c\ld read /ories l ^!80 ,9 ,hugh ,mill]'s graphic description ( 8 *ildhood exp]i5ce 9 read+1 ?is elem5t ( purpose & desire is /rongly emphasiz$4 8,! process ( le>n+ & acquir+ _h be5 a d>k "o10 he says1 recall+ 8 /ruggles ) lett]s & syllables4 ,he 8sl[ly ma/]$0 ^! 89 humble confid5ce 9 ! awful wisdom ( ! s*oolmi/ress1 n kn[+ :i!r x t5d$10 :5 7z a memb] ( ! ,bible ,class--89 ! highe/ =m07 8 m9d 8awoke to ! mean+ ( t mo/ delightful ( all n>ratives1 ! /ory ( ,joseph4 ,0 !re ev] su* a discov]y made be=e80 ,su* te/imony might be repeat$ a ?\s& times ov]1 by our pupils ( to-day--if !y 7 able to describe _! common exp]i5ce4 ,x 0 ! fir/ vision ( ! goal t gave mean+1 motive1 & consci\s gladness to ,hugh ,mill]'s /udy4 ,su* motive & su* mean+ %\ld p]vade ! e>lie/ lessons 9 read+1 & %\ld be consci\sly recogniz$ by pupil z well z tea*]4 ,we repeat1 !n3 ! tea*]'s fir/ ef=t1 aft] becom+ acqua9t$ ) h] *ildr51 is to awak5 ?is consci\s desire to read1 & to secure intellig5t cop]ation 9 h] ex]cises4 ,"o tea*] sugge/s writ+ ^u ! bo>d "s s5t5ce :i* has be5 :isp]$ to h] by ! *ildr51 & !n call+ an old] *ild f ano!r room to read ! secret4 ,?is is done aga9 & aga91 until ! *ildr5 are eag] to %>e ! p[] :i* _! comrade possesses1 & turn gladly to ! tasks requir$ ( !m1 t !y may ! soon] rea* _! goal4 ,!re is a wide diff]5ce betwe5 su* tea*+ & ! r\t9e drill :i* does n enli/ ! *ild's desire4 ,! en?usia/ic bicycli/ w\ld smile if ask$ to ex*ange 8 morn+ ride to ! city = an h\r's ex]cise ^u a fix$ 8bicycle ex]cis]0 9 ! back hall4 ,nor c\ld ! mo/ skilful p$agogue conv9ce him t ! ex]cise involv$ 9 mak+ ! :eel g r\nd is z valuable z ! sp9 :i* c>ries him to 8 de/9ation1 ?r\gh ! fre% morn+ air1 along roads bord]$ ) fl[]$ fields4 ,yet ! contra/ is no m m>k$ ?an t betwe5 ! task ( ! syllable-pron\nc]1 :o ob$i5tly p]=ms 8 mean+less labor1 & t ( ! *ild :o1 ) consci\s & e>ne/ desire1 sets himself to le>n to read4 ,9 ord] to give "s s5se ( imm$iate a*ievem5t1 ! s5t5ces ( ! fir/ lessons %\ld express ?\ghts 9 :i* ! *ildr5 are int]e/$4 ,?is is ,kate4 ,kate c read4 ,kate has a book4 ,read to me1 ,kate4 ,kate c read4 ,i c read1 too4 ,kate has a book4 ,i h a book1 too4 ,see ,kate's book6 ,see my book6 ,kate has a doll4 ,i h a doll1 too4 ,kate has a kitty4 ,i h a dog4 ,kate likes h] doll4 ,i l my dog4 ,see my dog6 ,see ,kate's little kitty6 ,come1 little ,kitty4 ,come to me1 ,kitty4 ,! object ( ^! prep>atory lessons is to give "s consci\sness ( ! purpose ( read+1 & "s s5se ( a*ievem5t4 ,! s5t5ces are ! *ildr5's1 obta9$ 9 a conv]sation conc]n+ ,kate1 :o is an old] pupil1 or "s pictur$ *ild4 ,! s5t5ce is ! unit1 & is read by ! tea*]4 ,! *ildr5 repeat ! s5t5ce aft] h] read+4 ,( c\rse ^! fir/ ef=ts are n read+4 ,!y simply repres5t ! *ildr5's memory ( ! tea*]'s words & tone4 ,(t51 :5 ask$ to read alone1 ! *ild da%es at ! wrong s5t5ce ) 8 po9t]1 :i* va9ly w&]s 9 se>* ( ! "r "o4 ,b j z ! frequ5t obs]vation ( ! lov$ /ory 9 ! picture book n only fixes ! words 9 _! ord]1 b enables ! "y li/5] to f9d "s ( !m ^u ! page1 s1 by repetition ( ^! fir/ s5t5ces1 ! words are at la/ held 9 ! m9d1 & are recogniz$ 9 new places & "u new relations4 ,! att5tive eye w recognize ! new words1 fir/ 9 _! wont$ place 9 ! s5t5ce1 !n :5 isolat$4 ,at fir/ ! words select$ = repetition & recognition are ^? :i* pres5t fewe/ difficulties2--n by any means ! %orte/ words--z a1 is1 too--b ! mean+ful words1 ! n\ns & adjectives1 & v]bs :i* d5ote action4 ,kate1 book1 doll1 dog1 kitty--^! are ! fir/ & easie/1 9 ! lessons writt5 above4 ,lat]1 see & likes1 ) c read4 ,lat] /ill1 ,i h1 ?is is--:ile is & a w n be emphasiz$ z units until ! eyes h be5 tra9$ to di/+ui% m readily1 & ! words h become famili> ?r\gh con/ant repetition4 ,su* lessons %\ld cont9ue = sev]al weeks1 introduc+ ! v>i\s de> & (t-se5 objects ( ! *ild's environm5t1 & ! actions ) :i* he has long be5 famili>4 ,! s5t5ces %\ld be wor? read+1 & gr\p$ 9 coh]5t p>agraphs4 ,drill 9 recogniz+ ! words %\ld foll[ ! s5t5ce read+1 9 e day's lesson4 ,:5 ! *ildr5 c recognize at sight a vocabul>y ( "o hundr$ to two hundr$ words1 !y %\ld beg9 to comp>e !m1 & to place 9 gr\ps ^? :i* are alike 9 s\nd4 ,= example3 book1 look1 & brook are kn[n2 r$ & f$2 cat1 hat1 & pat2 ,fan1 ran1 c1 & ,dan4 ,plac$ 9 li/s1 _! simil>ity is evid5t3 book look took f$ r$ b$ cat hat sat ,fan ran man ,"s "o volunte]s to increase ! li/1 add+ took1 b$1 sat1 & man4 ,"h is ! beg9n+ ( ! analysis ( words into _! s\nds1 & ) ?is lesson a new feature appe>s 9 our ^w /udy4 ,su* lessons 9 s5t5ce read+ z h be5 sugge/$1 if cont9u$ long en\gh & ) suffici5t discretion on ! "p ( ! tea*]1 might enable a class to read indep5d5tly--=1 ev5 )\t ! tea*]'s direction1 obvi\s lik5esses & diff]5ces 9 words are not$ by ! *ildr51 & rules are d$uc$ !refrom4 ,b ! ma/]y ( a l>ge vocabul>y is readily secur$ only ?r\gh att5tion to ! common laws ( pronunciation1 & famili>ity ) ! s\nd units4 ,?us f> e ^w has be5 pres5t$ z a new unit4 ,n[ ! *ildr5 %\ld le>n t ^! words are l _m o!rs 9 =m1 & t ! pronunciation ( "o s]ves z a key to ! _m4 ,kn[+ book1 all monosyllables end+ 9 ook c at once ent] _! vocabul>y ( recognizable words2 kn[+ ,fan1 all monosyllables ) ! an end+ are kn[n4 ,! miss+ factor is ! k ( ! s\nds ( ! sep>ate lett]s :i* are initials 9 ^! gr\p words--m-an1 ,f-an1 c-an1 r-an1 t-an1 p-an4 ,at ?is juncture ^! s\nds %\ld be taught4 ,!re has be5 "s "q among tea*]s z to ! "t = tea*+ s\nds ( ! lett]s4 ,x is wise to def] ?is tea*+ until ! *ildr5 h acquir$ "s little facility 9 read+1 & und]/& its purpose1 t _! "w may n be approa*$ f ! me*anical side solely4 ,aga91 ! vocabul>y :i* ! *ildr5 already "k reveals gr\ps ( simil> words & sugge/s ! wisdom ( analysis & classification4 ,&1 fur!r1 ! too e>ly attempt to /udy ! li/s ( simil> words & to select & emphasize !m = use 9 read+1 drives ! *ildr5 at once to _! mo/ difficult task4 ,x is mu* easi] to recognize ,hiawa?a & arr[1 because !y are long & diff]5t1 & seem h>d1 ?an to "n promptly ! elusive c1 ran1 & tan1 :i* seem s easy & yet are s ne>ly alike z to be =midable ob/acles to ! success ( ! untra9$ obs]v]4 ,! climax ( objection is rea*$ :5 we cite ! t5d5cy to make s5t5ces solely = ! sake ( us+ c]ta9 words1 ?us de/roy+ ! elem5t ( ?\ght value 9 ! s5t5ce4 8,does ! fat rat see ! cat on ! mat80 is f> m difficult = a *ild ?an is 8,hiawa?a liv$ 9 a wigwam ) old ,nokomis0--= ! reasons above nam$4 ,! ma/]y ( words is an ess5tial elem5t 9 le>n+ to read4 ,our common mi/ake is1 n t we d su* "w too well1 b t we make x ! f9al aim ( ! read+ lesson1 & lead ! *ildr5 to feel t !y c read :5 !y are m]ely able to pron\nce words4 ,p]haps lack ( c>eful att5tion to ! =m ( words is q z s]i\s a mi/ake1 = x results 9 c>elessness 9 read+4 ,! /udy ( =m & ( s\nd %\ld be associat$1 b att5tion to s\nd alone %\ld prec$e any attempt to ma/] ! =m z sugge/+ s\nd4 ,*ildr5 %\ld be taught to recognize & to di/+ui% s\nds1 to repeat !m accurately1 to speak !m di/9ctly1 be=e !y are taught to copy ! s+le *>act]s :i* repres5t ^! s\nds4 ,to he>1 to repeat1 to comp>e1 to di/+ui% s\nds1 %\ld be ! ord] ( ! in/ruction4 ,c>eless spee* & indi/9ct articulation (t5 arise f imp]fect he>+1 or indiff]5t att5tion to :at is said4 ,*ildr5 %\ld be tra9$ 9 ! e>ly lessons to he>1 & to repeat1 exactly :at is said4 ,! repetition is a te/ ( ! *ild's he>+4 ,beg9 ) %ort s5t5ces4 ,speak !m cle>ly1 9 a mod]ate voice1 requir+ ! *ildr5 to repeat aft] once he>+4 ,gradually increase ! l5g? ( s5t5ce1 b d n increase ! volume ( voice2 speak di/9ctly1 & expect ! *ildr5 to be att5tive en\gh to he> an ord9>y tone2 tea* !m to respond 9 ! same tone1 ) cle> articulation4 ,cont9ue ?is ex]cise until a long s5t5ce c be accurately return$2 !n pron\nce li/s ( words beg9n+ ) lett]s :i* dem& c>eful articulation4 ,:5 ^! h be5 ma/]$1 draw att5tion to initial s\nds1 & !n to ! lett]s :i* repres5t !m4 ,"w ) ^! until e lett] sugge/s its s\nds to ! pupils1 :e!r 9 a new or 9 a famili> ^w4 ,) little *ildr51 ! s\nd %\ld be taught fir/ 9 connection ) initial lett]s always4 ,a successful device consi/s 9 all[+ ea* pupil to repres5t a c]ta9 s\nd4 ,if ! s\nd is ! initial s\nd 9 8 own "n1 x w be easy = ! *ildr5 to rememb]4 ,?us--,john c always sugge/ ! s\nd ( j1 ,m>y ! s\nd ( m1 ,pet] ! s\nd ( p1 & s on4 ,a class ( *ildr5 aid$ 9 ?is way w ma/] ! s\nds ( ! lett]s 9 a v %ort "t4 ,hav+ le>n$1 ?r\gh ! initials1 ! s\nds :i* v>i\s lett]s repres5t1 ! next /ep w be to analyze monosyllables into _! s\nds4 ,select fir/ ^? conta9+ %ort v[els1 9 ord] to avoid ! difficulty ( ! sil5t lett]4 ,! prelim9>y drill ) ! initials w h made ?is /ep an easy "o to take4 ,:5ev] a type ^w is repres5t$1 z black1 = example1 ! *ildr5 %\ld be taught to sugge/ o!r words :i* rhyme ) ! patt]n1 z crack1 back1 lack1 etc4 ,if 9 e su* case ! common elem5t is /udi$ & ma/]$1 9 a few weeks ! *ildr5 w become possessors ( a l>ge vocabul>y1 ^: basis is ! few famili> words :i* !y h /udi$4 ,e type ^w w /& = a li/ ( words simil> 9 =m4 ,?is /udy ( s\nds %\ld cont9ue ?r\gh at lea/ ! fir/ five s*ool ye>s4 ,aft] analyz+ any ^w into its sep>ate s\nds1 ! *ildr5 %\ld be requir$ to "n o!r kn[n words :i* resemble ! "o /udi$4 ,?is w t5d to a habit ( classification1 & w enable ! pupil to dep5d ^u himself 9 8 /udy4 ,diacritical m>ks are a help 9 ma/]+ new words1 if ! key words h be5 /udi$ 9 connection ) ! m>ks4 ,!y are ne$$ also 9 consult+ ! diction>y = pronunciation4 ,!y %\ld be taught only :5 necess>y to ! pronunciation4 ,9 old] classes1 aft] ! use ( ! diction>y becomes necess>y1 a complete li/ %\ld be ma/]$4 ,x is a mi/ake to insi/ ^u diacritical m>k+ :5 ! *ildr5 c pron\nce accurately )\t4 ,i rememb] he>+ a tea*] *ide a pupil = read+ a s5t5ce be=e %e _h "t to m>k ! v[els1 b1 s9ce ! *ild c\ld & did read )\t su* help1 ! m>k+ 0 evid5tly unnecess>y4 ,x s]ves z a means to an end1 & %\ld be disp5s$ ) :5 ! end c be rea*$ )\t su* artificial aid4 ,z a matt] ( fact1 e *ild ref]s a new ^w back to a simil> ^w ) :i* he has become famili>4 ,?us3 black1 once ma/]$1 s]ves z a key to sack1 crack1 quack1 etc4 ,! only elem5ts 9 ^! words are ! f9al elem5t ack & ! initial s\nds4 ,if a *ild hesitates ) a new ^w1 help him to ref] at once to ! type ^w :i* he has already ma/]$4 ,in/ead ( pron\nc+ ! new ^w = him1 insi/ ^u 8 us+ = himself 8 own /ock ( k4 ,help him only :]e he _c help himself4 ,if he =ms ! habit ( ref]r+ ! unkn[n to ! k9dr$ kn[n1 he w become indep5d5t 9 /udy4 ,= example1 to a six-ye>s-old *ild ! ^w blacksmi? may1 at fir/ sight1 appe> =midable4 ,sep>at$ into its p>ts & ref]r$ to ! simple words already ma/]$1 ! *ild conqu]s ! newcom]1 & adds x to 8 li/ ( s]vants4 ,he is end[$ ) new /r5g?1 because he has ma/]$ some?+ :i* seem$ to him h>d4 ,su* conque/s1 (t5 repeat$1 lead to /r5g? & indep5d5ce4 ,9 _m cases1 x is wise to leave a *ild to wre/le ) a ^w :i* at fir/ sight he fails to ma/]4 ,( c\rse ?is process is unwise if he has no exp]i5ce to :i* he c ref] = help4 ,guess-"w w nev] take ! place ( ?\ght1 & a *ild %\ld n be driv5 to guess at ! pronunciation1 b e attempt %\ld be bas$ ^u some?+ :i* he has be5 taught 9 =m] lessons4 ,su* practice w lead to ?\ghtful self-help4 ,?is "w may be facilitat$ by _m devices4 ,we h se5 classes hunt+ = new words beg9n+ ) a giv5 s\nd1 z eag]ly z if !y 7 play+ hide-&-seek4 ,or ) ! utmo/ enjoym5t !y h made li/s ( words beg9n+ ) *os5 s\nds2 or mat*$ pairs ( words :i* rhym$4 ,b _! mo/ valuable ex]cise is t 9 :i* ! old famili> ^w ( _! fir/ vocabul>y is made ! key :i* unlocks ! new4 ,n[1 :5 a new ^w is pres5t$1 ! tea*] no long] pron\nces x = ! *ildr51 b asks in/ead1 8,:at ^w helps y to pron\nce x80 ,bright is n a new ^w1 because ! *ildr5 "k light1 rememb] ! s\nd ( br1 & put _! two bits ( k toge!r to meet ! new em]g5cy4 ,!y d = !mselves :at ! tea*] has h]et(ore done = !m4 ,a mo/ helpful =m ( ^w /udy1 :i* is suitable = desk "w1 is mak+ li/s ( words conta9+ ! same s\nd4 ,x /r5g!ns ! habit ( classification1 & helps 9 spell+ & 9 ! recognition ( new words4 ,! mo/ difficult "w = *ildr5 appe>s 9 words :i* are spell$ alike & pron\nc$ diff]5tly1 or 9 words pron\nc$ alike & spell$ diff]5tly1 or 9 ! v>i\s equival5ts ( ! same s\nd :i* our language af=ds4 ,*air1 _!1 :]e1 etc41 sugge/ ! problems ( ?is nature4 ,?is "w %\ld be introduc$ n e>li] ?an ! ?ird or f\r? ye>4 ,x %\ld come 9 connection ) ! spell+ lesson1 & n ) ! read+4 ,! ma/]y ( ^! difficulties 9 ,engli% spell+ d\btless requires _m mon?s ( c>eful tea*+4 ,x mu/ n be =gott5 t *ildr5 are h9d]$ & n help$ by any attempt to spell1 by s\nd1 words :i* are unique 9 spell+4 ,?r\gh1 = example1 %\ld be le>n$ by sight1 & n by s\nd4 ,beautiful1 tongue1 physique1 may illu/rate ?is gr\p4 ,! eye & n ! e> mu/ be dep5d$ ^u 9 ! ma/]y ( su* words4 ,c>e %\ld be tak5 to develop ! habit ( accurate att5tion ?r\gh ! eye z well z ! e>4 ,any attempt to m>k ! s\nds 9 ^! words increases ! labor )\t increas+ facility4 ,if ! tea*] makes a c>eful classification ( ! ord9>y words :i* frequ5tly recur 9 ! read+ lesson1 %e w discov] ! class :i* mu/ be ma/]$ by sight4 ,out ( ! rema9d] %e c make li/s :i* include ! ord9>y type s\nds4 ,! /udy ( ^! li/s w r$uce ! labor ( ^w ma/]y to its m9imum1 & ! habit ( comp>ison develop$ ?r\gh ?is /udy w g f> to make ! *ildr5 indep5d5t 9 ! pronunciation ( new words4 ,x is self-evid5t t ?is plan c be pursu$ only :5 ! words are am5able to common phonic laws4 ,c\gh1 & its cong5]s1 %\ld be nam$ z new :oles4 ,s ) all words :i* foll[ no rule1 & mu/ be pron\nc$ by sub/itution4 ,no "t %\ld be lo/ by attempt+ a me?od :i* has no excuse = be+1 9 su* cases4 ,9 its place1 z a help to ! ma/]y ( gr\ps ( k9dr$ words1 x is invaluable4 ,out ( place1 x is bad4 ,= diacritical m>ks & correct pronunciation1 ! tea*] is ref]r$ to ! /&>d diction>ies4 ,x %\ld n be =gott5 t ! tea*]'s pronunciation is a guide to ! pupil4 ,%e ne$s a quick e> & ! c>eful judgm5t :i* w r5d] h] a safe guide4 ,! famili> rule %\ld direct h] practice3 ,:5 9 d\bt1 consult ! diction>y4 ,note ! value ( ?is ^w ma/]y4 ,! pupil fa/ becomes indep5d5t ( ! tea*]1 & ready to ma/] ! page = himself4 ,note1 also1 t ?is p[] becomes 8 9 proportion to ! tea*]'s purpose to make him self-helpful1 & h] skill 9 f9d+ ! connect+ l9k betwe5 ! new k & ! old4 ,two elem5ts ( le>n+ to read h be5 pres5t$ "h3 s5t5ce read+ & ^w ma/]y4 ,( ! /udy ( ! mean+ ( ! words & ! developm5t ( ! p[] ( imag9ation we %all speak else:]e4 ,illu/ration ,read+ )\t purpose is saunt]+1 n ex]cise4 ,m is got f "o book on :i* ! ?\ght settles = def9ite end 9 k1 ?an f libr>ies skimm$ ov] by a w&]+ eye4 ,a cottage fl[] gives honey to ! bee1 a k+'s g>d5 none to ! butt]fly4 --,,edw>d ,,bulw]4 ,illu/ration ,,*apt] ,,iv4 ,,! ,,/udy ,,( ,,! ,,lesson4 ,9 our emphasis ( c]ta9 phases ( ! new education1 !re is a t5d5cy to sw+ away f ! use ( ! text-book1 s t ! *ildr5 dep5d l>gely ^u ! tea*]'s oral in/ruction & explanation4 ,x (t5 happ5s t ! tea*]1 9 h] zeal1 =gets t ! gr[? ( ! *ildr5 dep5ds ^u _! own do+1 & imag9es t h] ?\ght & exp]i5ce w suffice1 )\t ef=t on ! "p ( h] pupils4 ,?is /ate ( affairs exi/s 9 ! read+ class (t5] ?an 9 any o!r4 ,"t is (t5 wa/$ 9 smoo?+ out difficulties :i* nev] exi/$ z su* to ! *ildr51 & ob/acles are expla9$ away be=e !y are recogniz$ by ! *ild z ob/acles4 ,mean:ile ! tea*] is do+ ! "w & ! pupil is los+ ! opportunity to ga9 p[] by wre/l+ ) 8 little problems himself4 ,x is ess5tial t ev5 ! little *ildr5 %\ld be taught h[ to /udy to ! limit ( _! ability4 ,! /udy ( ! read+ lesson may be made a mo/ pr(itable ex]cise4 ,too mu* ( ! occupation t]m$ /udy by bo? pupil & tea*] is an indiff]5t conn+ ( ! book1 a c>eless & hurri$ repetition ( ! text1 or a ?\ghtless copy+2 all ( :i* weak5s ! p[] ( att5tion1 & t5ds to make ! lesson dull & un9t]e/+4 ,su* loss %\ld be prev5t$ by c>eful direction ( ! "y /ud5t4 ,! /udy %\ld be at fir/ conduct$ "u ! p]sonal guidance ( ! tea*]1 =1 until ! *ildr5 gr[ into ! p[] ( le>n+ to "w by !mselves1 !y ne$ to be taught h[ to /udy z well z h[ to read4 ,! "t sp5t 9 ! prep>ation ( ! lesson %\ld be ?\ghtfully employ$1 ! ex]cise result+ 9 helpful habits z well z 9 increas$ p[]4 ,be=e we c tea* our pupils h[ to /udy _! read+ lessons1 we mu/ h a realiz+ s5se ( _! difficulties 9 read+4 ,?is means t we mu/ "k our *ildr5 z well z we w\ld h !m "k _! lesson4 ,a successful tea*] ( little *ildr5 once told ! writ] t %e all[$ h] pupils a p]iod = free conv]sation e day4 ,:ile !y avail$ !mselves ( ?is privilege1 %e li/5$1 9 ord] to discov] 9 :at !y 7 int]e/$ & ab\t :at subjects !y talk$ freely to "o ano!r4 ,hav+ le>n$ ?is1 %e began h] language lessons :]e ! *ildr5's int]e/ 0 c5tr$1 l$ !m gradually to new int]e/s1 & help$ !m to ov]come _! limitations4 ,"s su* /udy ( individual *ildr51 or at lea/ ( ! v>y+ classes ( *ildr51 is indisp5sable to ! tea*] :o w\ld endeavor to tra9 h] pupils to ov]come ! ob/acles 9 _! way4 ,x is va9 = h] to assume t all classes are alike1 & t a ma/]y ( ! words at ! head ( ! lesson w prop]ly equip !m all = ! feat ( r5d]+ ! ?\ght :i* ! lesson conta9s4 ,su* easy assumption ends 9 failure4 ,! *ildr5 diff] 9 atta9m5t & 9 exp]i5ce4 ,we _c take = grant$ ei!r k or ignorance on _! "p4 ,we mu/ /udy _! exp]i5ce 9 ord] to "k _! limitations & _! ne$s4 ,a class ( *ildr5 ( =eign p>5tage 0 engag$ 9 read+ a fairy tale :i* describ$ ! adv5tures ( a wee rob9 on 8 way to s+ a ,yule song to ! k+4 ,evid5tly ! *ildr5 7 n accu/om$ to imag9ative tales1 &1 moreov]1 !y _h ! dimme/ possible notions ( ! wee rob91 ! gray1 gre$y hawk1 ! ,yule song1 & ! k+4 ,_! read+ 0 dull1 monoton\s1 & indiff]5t1 accompli%$ by d9t ( con/ant sugge/ion & explanation on ! "p ( ! tea*]1 & we>isome ?\gh pati5t repetition on ! "p ( ! *ildr54 ,! ex]cise1 ?\gh t]m$ read+1 0 9 reality simply a prep>ation = read+4 ,x w\ld h be5 greatly improv$ by a consci\s recognition ( its import by bo? tea*] & pupils4 ,!y 7 /udy+ ! lesson toge!r & al\d4 ,_h x be5 ?\ghtfully /udi$ 9 ?is way be=e read+ 0 attempt$1 bo? ex]cises w\ld h be5 m helpful to ! pupils4 ,?is same class 0 aft]w>ds que/ion$ 9 reg>d to home read+4 ,n "o pupil 0 accu/om$ to read or to he> read+ at home4 ,9 few homes 7 !re any books1 :ile /ory-tell+ 0 a practice ( :i* !y _h nev] dream$4 ,obvi\sly ^! *ildr5 _h 9 _! home exp]i5ce a meagre prep>ation = read+1 & ! tea*]'s duty 0 consequ5tly a d\ble "o4 ,9 su* an in/ance ! read+ lesson w\ld be entirely robb$ ( its value if ! prop] /udy ( ! lesson 7 omitt$4 ,= prelim9>y /udy1 !re=e1 x is well = ! tea*] to use ! p]iod assign$ to read+ 9 talk+ ) ! class ab\t ! lesson1 h] object be+ n to tell :at %e kn[s1 b to discov] :at ! *ildr5 "k or d n "k4 ,to ?is end %e w b5d a li/5+ e> to all mi/akes1 n to waive !m away1 nor to smile at ! awkw>d int]pretation1 b to see f :at limitation !y arise4 ,kn[+ _! s\rce1 %e c help to correct !m by remov+ ! cause4 ,su* att5tion to ! errors or ! que/ions ( ! *ildr5 discloses two classes ( difficulties3 ^? :i* ! *ildr5 c ov]come by ?\ght or by obs]vation1 & o!rs 9 :i* ! tea*] mu/ ( necessity furni% ! necess>y explanation4 ,= example1 a class 9 a prim>y s*ool read1 & ) fair expression1 ! /ory ( 8a kid ^u ! ro( ( a h\se t rail$ at a wolf pass+ by40 ,! tea*]1 kn[+ h] class1 assum$ _! ignorance ( ! mean+ ( 8rail$0--0 n surpris$ at ! sugge/ion t 8! kid fir$ a rail at ! wolf0--& by h] explanation made cle> ! mean+ ( ! ^w4 ,%e 0 surpris$1 h[ev]1 9 ! c\rse ( ! /udy conv]sation1 to discov] t to ! majority ( ! class 8kid0 /ood = little boy4 ,no?+ 9 ! word+ ( ! fable or 9 ! *ildr5's exp]i5ce s]v$ to correct ! impression4 ,aga9 ! duty devolv$ ^u ! tea*]4 ,obvi\sly1 9 su* cases ! *ildr5 mu/ dep5d ^u ! tea*]4 ,to )hold aid at ! "r "t is to make ! /udy fruitless & ! *ildr5 indiff]5t or disc\rag$4 ,on ! o!r h&1 by means ( j su* unit$ ex]cises 9 /udy ! *ildr5 w le>n to measure _! own und]/&+ & to po9t out _! own limitations4 ,fancy ! class1 describ$ above1 z hav+ be5 taught to /udy1 & !re=e hav+ wre/l$ alone ) ! fable4 ,^u com+ to ! recitation1 "s are consci\s ( _! ignorance & say at once1 8,i d n "k :at #8rail$' means40 ,!y h /udi$ to "s purpose1 h made !mselves ready = _! tea*]'s explanation--& = help+ !mselves by means ( ! diction>y4 ,! o!r difficulty pres5t$ by ! slang use ( 8kid0 w\ld ( c\rse fail to pres5t itself to _! consci\sness4 ,"o result1 !n1 ( ! prelim9>y /udy1 ) or )\t ! tea*]1 %\ld be to help ! *ildr5 to discov] ! 8don't "k0 l9e2 ! second %\ld be to enable !m to help !mselves1 if possible4 ,?r\gh c>eful & consci\s /udy1 !y may be help$ to realize ! 8s5se0 ( :at !y read1 & to judge = !mselves :5 !y fail to get ! mean+ ( ! s5t5ce4 ,f ! beg9n+1 ! *ildr5 %\ld be %[n t e s5t5ce is an embodim5t ( a ?\ght1 e ^w hav+ its place 9 ! expression ( t ?\ght4 8,a saucy rob9 is eat+ ! ripe *]ries 9 ! tree "u my w9d[10 ! *ildr5 read4 ,! tea*] /udies ) !m = a mom5t4 ,:at does ! s5t5ce tell !m8 ,:o is eat+ ! ripe *]ries8 ,:at k9d ( rob98 ,:at is he do+8 ,:at is he eat+8 ,:at *]ries is he eat+8 ,:]e is ! tree8 ,:at ^w tells u :at k9d ( a rob9 is eat+8 ,:at words tell :]e ! *]ries are8 ,:at ^w tells :o is eat+ ! *]ries8 ,ev5 9 prim>y s*ools su* que/ion+ is valuable1 lead+ ! *ildr5 to realize t ! words appe> 9 ! s5t5ce1 n by *ance1 b 9 ord] to express some?+2 t e ^w has its "w1 t n "o c be omitt$1 t a *ange 9 a s+le ^w *anges ! ?\ght4 ,su* ex]cises1 ?\ghtfully conduct$1 w lead ! *ildr5 to look = ! ?\ght 9 ! s5t5ce1 & w make its ma/]y a te/ ( _! success4 ,if ! s5t5ce does n yield !m a ?\ght :i* !y und]/&1 let !m "q e ^w until !y get its mean+4 ,?us !y le>n to recognize ! l9e :]e _! k ends & _! ignorance beg9s4 ,x is (t5 ! case1 h[ev]1 t ! difficulty to be ov]come is ! pupils' inability to pron\nce words ^: mean+ may be famili>4 ,if ?is is ! case1 !y w ne$ to br+ all _! k ( words to be> ^u ?is new problem4 8,sidewalk0 is a long ^w1 a new ^w--no "o kn[s x4 ,! tea*] helps1 n by pron\nc+ x & eas+ ! *ildr5 ( _! load4 ,no4 ,%e says3 8,t ^w seems long1 b x is v easy4 ,y "k ! fir/ syllable40 ,yes1 ev]ybody kn[s 8side40 8,n[1 :o kn[s ! second8 ,:o c put !m toge!r80 ,! *ildr5 rejoice 9 ! s5se ( ov]com+4 ,!y h ga9$ "s p[] to help !mselves4 ,our tea*+ %\ld compel z well z invite su* ?\ghtful comp>ison ( ! old ) ! new1 %\ld lead ! *ildr5 to use :at !y h le>n$1 9 ! ma/]y ( ! n le>n$4 ,! simple/ lessons 9 prep>atory /udy are ?us ju/ifi$3 !y lead to a consci\s judgm5t ( "o's atta9m5t4 ,/udy means no?+ if x does n lead to ?is judgm5t4 ,! p[] once ga9$1 ! pupil is 8 own be/ tea*]1 8 own /ronge/ help]4 ,prize1 !n1 all ex]cises :i* lead to ?is judgm5t4 ,in/ead ( say+ to ! untra9$ pupil1 8,read y\r lesson t5 times10 :5 8 pres5t atta9m5t or lack ( atta9m5t r5d]s su* repetition worse ?an useless1 y w say1 8,read ! lesson & copy all ! words ^: mean+ y d n "k40 8,read & copy ! words t y _c pron\nce40 8,read & copy ! s5t5ce t y d n und]/&40 8,read s c>efully t y are sure y c read well to ! class40 ,! skilful tea*] w ?9k ( a hundr$ devices to advance su* /udy4 ,! te/ ( ea* device w be1 8,does x help to ar\se ?\ght8 ,does x end 9 ?\ghtful /udy80 ,su* /udy is necess>y be=e read+ :5ev] we may assume t ! lesson pres5ts any difficulty to ! *ild1 unless we pref] t ! fir/ oral r5d]+ ( ! lesson %all be m]ely a /udy+ al\d4 ,z a /imulus to1 or a te/ (1 /udy1 x may be well to omit ! oral read+ occasionally1 sub/itut+ = x an ex]cise 9 sil5t read+1 ^: ?or\ghness is te/$ by que/ions4 ,aft] ! usual /udy ( ! lesson ! books are clos$ & ! tea*] calls ^u ! pupils to tell h] :at !y h read4 ,old] pupils may respond by giv+ ! sub/ance ( ! lesson4 ,y\ng] *ildr5 may be te/$ by m frequ5t & detail$ que/ions aft] ! read+ ( %ort p>agraphs4 ,! above ex]cise is ev5 m helpful if ! *ildr5 %>e 9 ! que/ion+4 ,!y read ) ke5] int]e/ if _! k is ?us put to ! te/4 ,su* ex]cises t5d to emphasize to ! pupils ! tru? t _! read+ is n = itself1 b to make !m ma/]s ( ! ?\ghts express$ 9 _! lessons4 ,x becomes m real1 m purposeful1 9 proportion z ?is is realiz$4 ,9 ?is connection1 x may be said t any?+ :i* adds purpose to ! read+ lesson gives motive to /udy4 ,:5 pupils are ask$ to read to ! class "s selection unkn[n to ! o!r pupils1 !y /udy & read ) a ze/ q unlike t manife/$ 9 ! repetition ( a worn-out selection :i* ! o!rs already "k4 ,= "s good end1 recogniz$ by himself z wor?y1 ! *ild reads n[4 ,! introduction ( opportunities = individual read+1 z e>ly z may be1 ?us proves an inc5tive to /udy & a means ( rapid advancem5t4 ,cutt+s f pap]s & magaz9es & collections ( *ildr5's books prove mo/ helpful at ?is /age1 af=d+ a prize = atta9m5t1 z well z an evid5t te/ ( progress4 ,! =ego+ has be5 writt5 ) special ref]5ce to beg9n]s 9 read+4 ,z pupils advance 9 _! grades1 ! /udy ( ! read+ becomes ev5 m necess>y & may be made ! m pr(itable4 ,all t has be5 said ( y\ng] read]s applies equally to old] pupils4 ,! te/ ( ! ability to /udy is ! p[] to judge rightly :]e ! limit ( "o's k appe>s4 ,z soon z ! pupil c po9t out ! ob/acle :i* h9d]s 8 und]/&+1 he is ready to be taught4 ,a s+le ^w1 a "q1 a sugge/ion f ! tea*]1 removes 8 difficulty4 ,he recognizes 8 ne$ & desires help1--!re=e li/5s att5tively & intellig5tly4 ,at ?is /age he is enabl$1 also1 to help himself1 s9ce he is prep>$ to use ! diction>y & o!r ref]5ce books4 ,old] /ud5ts %\ld read ) ! help ( ! diction>y4 ,!y %\ld1 ( c\rse1 be taught h[ to use x1 j z !y are taught to int]pret any o!r book4 ,its use is discuss$ at l5g? 9 ano!r *apt]4 ,illu/ration ,& ?is our life ''' ,f9ds tongues 9 trees1 books 9 ! runn+ brooks1 ,s]mons 9 /ones1 & good 9 ev]y?+4 --,,william ,,%akespe>e4 ,illu/ration ,,*apt] ,v4 ,,language ,,lessons ,,z ,a ,,prep>ation ,,= ,,read+ ,,lessons4 ,two problems confront ! tea*] ( little *ildr5 9 ! ord9>y s*ool-room4 ,*ildr5 com+ f diff]5t homes1 ) v>i\s tra9+ & environm5t1 d n always br+ a common fund ( k4 ,unaccu/om$ to ! /range surr\nd+s & ! new rgime1 !y are n always free 9 tell+ :at !y "k4 ,! tea*] ne$s to le>n ! 8cont5ts ( _! m9ds0 7z ! pres5t phrase ha? x71 & ?is %e _c readily d unless ! *ildr5 conv]se freely & )\t self-consci\sness4 ,talk+ lessons1 or lessons ^: object is purely to help !m to free expression1 s t !y w reveal _! exp]i5ces to ! tea*]1 are v necess>y at ?is /age4 ,^! lessons w h a fur!r value if !y help ! *ildr5 to new int]e/s1 & to new k4 ,!y w also be m valuable if ! tea*] recognizes a def9ite purpose & =ms a def9ite plan = ! lesson4 ,aga91 ! simple/ read+ lesson develops ! fact t1 inasmu* z ! *ildr5's exp]i5ces h be5 v>i$1 _! correspond+ fund ( ideas is widely diff]5t4 ,any new lesson may pres5t ideas entirely =eign to ! exp]i5ce ( ! *ildr54 ,! words :i* repres5t ^! ideas1 !re=e1 w be unfamili>4 ,?is /ate ( affairs necessitates an act ( tea*+ :i* %\ld prec$e ! act ( read+4 ,= example1 a class ( city *ildr5 9 ! ,we/ attempt to read a /ory :i* deals ) life by ! sea4 ,! s\nd+ sea1 ! roll+ waves1 ! :isp]+ foam1 ! rugg$ rocks1 ! %9+ s&s1 ! smoo? pebbles1 ! br[n seawe$1 ! :ite-w+$ %ips1 ! brave sailors1 are unkn[n quantities to ^! *ildr5--entirely =eign to _! exp]i5ce4 ,cle>ly1 be=e !y read ?is lesson1 !y mu/ "k some?+ ( ! life & sc5es :i* ! lesson portrays4 ,! tea*] ( *ildr5 :o live by ! sea is n confront$ by ! same problem4 ,h] *ildr5 h play$ ^u ! bea*1 h ga!r$ ! _m-color$ pebbles1 h built h\ses 9 ! wet s&4 ,%ips at sea are z famili> to !m z are ! cl\ds1 or ! birds2 :ile _m ( !m h play$ ^u ! decks ( _! fa!rs' fi%+-boats1 & "k ! ropes & sp>s ev5 z !y "k _! own homes4 ,^! *ildr5 h _h an exp]i5ce :i* fills ! lesson ) mean+4 ,! inl& *ildr5 mu/ be taught 9 ! next be/ way4 ,s9ce !y _c g to ! sea1 at lea/ pictures ( ! sea may be br\ght to !m4 ,%ells & pebbles1 sea-ur*9s1 />fi%es1 & seawe$s w tell _! /ory ( ! f>-(f bea*es4 ,pictures ( %ips at sea1 ( rocks la%$ by ! waves 9 a /orm1 w help !m to imag9e ! conditions :i* _! lesson attempts to describe to !m4 ,b ! wise tea*] w make a connect+ l9k1 9 "s fa%ion1 betwe5 ! exp]i5ce & int]e/ ( ! *ild & ! ?\ght sugge/$ by ! /ory4 ,"h1 !n1 is ! ne$ ( a language lesson :i* %all introduce or expla9 ! read+ lesson1 prep>+ ! *ild = ! new ?\ght1 or recall+ to 8 m9d ! almo/ =gott5 exp]i5ce4 ,! ev]yday exp]i5ce 9 e city s*ool-room w s]ve to ren=ce ?is tru?4 ,_m a city *ild has nev] look$ ^u daisies & butt]cups4 ,brooks & fields & trees are outside 8 little horizon4 ,x is idle to h ^! *ildr5 pron\nce ! words :i* /& = ^! objects unless ! words call up pictures 9 _! own m9ds1 & ?is _c be ! case except z !y h "s exp]i5ce ) ! real ?+s4 ,x is n impossible to br+ ! fl[]s & ! birds & ! trees )9 ! exp]i5ce ( ! *ildr54 ,no o!r "w :i* we c ev] d = !m w t5d m to _! future happ9ess & gr[?2 b1 aside f t1 no o!r "w :i* we c d = !m w contribute s g5]\sly to _! gr[? 9 read+ p[]4 ,!y _c get ! ?\ght f ! page unless ! words /& = some?+ at lea/ ak9 to _! own exp]i5ce1 & our fir/ ef=ts mu/ beg9 by occasion+ ! exp]i5ce :i* is necess>y to ! int]pretation ( ! pr9t$ page4 ,z a means to good read+1 !n1 language lessons are necess>y = ! purpose ( develop+ ease ( expression & fre$om f self-consci\sness1 & lead+ to k :i* w s]ve z a basis = ! new ?\ght conta9$ 9 ! lesson4 ,! subjects introduc$ 9 ! e>lie/ language lessons %\ld be ^? ) :i* *ildr5 are ord9>ily famili>4 ,all c\ntry *ildr5 are some:at acqua9t$ ) ! common animals3 ! rabbit1 squirrel1 cat1 dog1 c[1 m\se1 etc4 ,!y "k some?+ ( ! occupations ( ! p ar\nd !m4 ,!y h wat*$ ! sunrise & sunset4 ,!y h se5 ! b\ghs ( ! trees wav+ 9 ! w9d4 ,!y h be5 awak5$ by ! birds 9 ! morn+4 ,!y h c>$ = pet animals at home4 ,_m city *ildr5 h _h some?+ ( ?is exp]i5ce4 ,all ne$ to h x4 ,9 e lesson :]e ^! subjects are introduc$1 ! tea*] %\ld be assur$ t ! *ildr5 already "k some?+ ab\t !m4 ,a %ort conv]sation may suffice :]e ! objects are already famili>2 :]e !y are /range1 c>eful lessons %\ld be arrang$4 ,! cat1 rabbit1 dog1 squirrel1 or m\se1 c be br\ght to ! s*ool-room1 c>$ =1 obs]v$1 /udi$1 discuss$4 ,^! language lessons w n only give ! *ildr5 ! k necess>y = und]/&+ ! lessons1 b !y w end[ ! subject ) new int]e/1 & add to ! read+ a s5se ( reality4 ,*ildr5 :o h be5 obs]v+ ! squirrel w read ) great ze/ ! lessons :i* reaffirm :at _! eyes h se51 or answ] ! que/ions :i* !y h ask$1 or tell "s /ory :i* adds to ! int]e/ already evok$4 ,! read+ ?us becomes an expression ( ! *ild's actual exp]i5ce or int]e/4 ,x is no long] a some?+ :i* he does simply because he is told4 ,he sees at once ! fruit ( 8 labors4 ,he rea*es a goal :i* seems desirable f a *ild's po9t ( view4 ,he recognizes ! purpose & mean+ ( ! /ory1 & works to dig out ! message :i* ! s5t5ces conta9 = him4 ,ev]y?+ :i* s]ves to make ! lesson real to ! *ild's exp]i5ce1 makes a p]man5t addition to 8 read+ p[]4 ,a little c>eful /udy conv9ces u t !re are two g5]al fields :i* all read]s mu/ explore4 ,! subjects :i* appe> & reappe> ^u ! pages ( books h _! s\rce ei!r 9 nature or 9 human exp]i5ce4 ,:5 we tea* ! *ild to read books1 we mu/ also tea* him to appreh5d t ( :i* books treat4 ,?is tea*+ w necess>ily include obs]vation ( nature & obs]vation ( human exp]i5ce4 ,to read 8,! ,village ,blacksmi?0 requires "s k ( a blacksmi?'s "w & its associations3 ! horse & 8 %oes1 ! molt5 iron & its action1 ! s\nd+ anvil & its use1 ! reason = ! 8hone/ sweat0 ^u ! br[ ( him :o 8owes n any man40 ,k ( nature & k ( human exp]i5ce are surely ne$$ 9 ord] to read ! ?\ght 9 ?is poem4 ,he ^: exp]i5ce is ri*e/ w obta9 ! ri*e/ h>ve/ f ?is field4 ,any act ( read+ w tea* u ?is tru? ) reg>d to our own exp]i5ce4 ,x ought also to po9t ! way = all tea*+ ( *ildr54 ,a visit to a blacksmi?'s %op is ! be/ possible prep>ation = a /udy ( 8,! ,village ,blacksmi?40 ,if su* a visit is impossible 7is x ev] impossible871 pictures & talks may help to supply ! ne$4 ,! language lesson 9 ! "o =m or ! o!r is necess>y to ! full int]pretation ( ! read+4 ,s ( any poem or /ory :i* tells ( ! life ( ! f>m]1 ! mill]1 ! bak]1 ! sailor1 ! fi%]man1 ! %oemak]1 ! "m4 ,! language lesson :i* s]ves to make ! exp]i5ce real to ! *ildr5 helps !m to und]/& ! read+ lesson1 & gives add$ p[] = ! int]pretation ( all su* lessons 9 ! future4 ,su* language lessons %\ld n be consid]$ z some?+ add$ to ! s*ool c\rse4 ,!y are legitimate read+ lessons1 inasmu* z !y prep>e = ! /udy ( pages :i* w\ld be mean+less to _m pupils )\t su* prep>ation4 ,! tea*] w ( c\rse *oose h] own "t = su* lessons4 ,(t5 !y are giv5 9 connection ) ! read+ lesson itself4 ,a wis] plan ord9>ily is t :i* allots a specific "t = ! obs]vation or ! conv]sation :i* is necess>y to expla9 ! read+ lesson4 ,if ! fir/ p]iod ( ! morn+ is set aside = oral language1 ! subjects = ?is p]iod may be easily det]m9$ by ! read+ lesson1 & select$ to accord ) & prep>e = x4 ,a few illu/rative lessons appe> 9 ano!r *apt]4 ,!y are int5d$ to s]ve z sugge/ions m]ely1 = ^? to :om su* lessons are to op5 a new field4 ,x is believ$ t 9 ! majority ( s*ool-rooms su* tea*+ is already a common feature4 ,& to get peace1 if y want x1 make = y\rselves ne/s ( pleasant ?\ghts4 ,^? are ne/s 9 ! sea1 inde$1 b safe beyond all o!rs4 ,d y "k :at fairy palaces y may build ( beautiful ?\ght1 pro( aga9/ all adv]sity8 ,bright fancies1 satisfi$ memories1 noble hi/ories1 fai?ful say+s1 treasure h\ses ( preci\s & re/ful ?\ghts1 :i* c>e c n di/urb1 nor pa9 make gloomy1 nor pov]ty take away f u2 h\ses built )\t h&s = our s\ls to live 94 --,,john ,,rusk94 ,illu/ration ,,*apt] ,,vi4 ,,expression ,,9 ,,read+4 ,h[ c *ildr5 be taught to read al\d cle>ly1 di/9ctly1 & ) feel+1 s z to cle>ly convey ! au?or's ?\ght & to give pleasure to ! li/5]8 8,my pupils d n read ) expression10 is a common compla9t4 8,h[ c ,i help !m80 ,manife/ly ! fir/ requisite to read+ ) expression is ! ma/]y ( ! ?\ght on ! "p ( ! pupil1 & ?is _c be accompli%$ )\t ma/]y ( ! words4 ,z has be5 said 9 ano!r *apt]1 *ildr5 %\ld be tra9$ to /udy 9 su* a way t !y c decide = !mselves :at words pres5t difficulties to _! und]/&+4 ,:5 ! pupils1 aft] /udy+ a lesson1 are enabl$ to po9t to ! exact words :i* are ob/acles to _! ?\ght-gett+1 ! tea*]'s labors are m9imiz$ & h] tea*+ is at once made def9ite4 ,su* /udy1 too1 leads ! pupils to m ?\ghtful read+4 ,s9ce !y mu/ weigh e ^w 9 ! s5t5ce to discov] its mean+1 !y become accu/om$ to dig = ! ?\ght1 & to e/imate _! own difficulties4 ,by ?is means !y help !mselves to ! ma/]y ( ! ?\ght1 z f> z ! words 9 :i* x is express$ belong to _! vocabul>y4 ,b :5 a pupil po9ts out to ! tea*] ! words :i* m>k ! b\nd>y ( 8 und]/&+1 x becomes h] duty to make !m cle> to him4 ,?is is a fruitful ex]cise4 ,! *ild desires to le>n ! mean+ ( ! ^w :i* has block$ 8 way1 & 8 ne$ ( x makes him its ma/] =ev] aft]4 ,x is only 9 ?is way t words are ma/]$4 ,x is idle to expla9 a li/ ( words = :i* *ildr5 h no use 9 ! expression ( _! ?\ght4 ,b aft] ! /udy has reveal$ to ! *ild 8 ne$ ( new k1 ! ^w fits at once into 8 vocabul>y & answ]s ! new ne$4 ,! tea*]'s explanation n only suffices to make ! read+ pla91 b x increases ! *ild's vocabul>y = future use4 ,x %\ld be borne 9 m9d 9 su* ex]cises t ! ^w is n always made pla9 by simple explanation2 illu/ration may be necess>y1 or "s entire language lesson l ^? indicat$ 9 a previ\s *apt]4 ,! tea*] %\ld make m5tal note at lea/ ( ^! unfamili> words1 9 ord] t %e may s direct h] language lesson z to supplem5t h] tea*+ 9 read+4 ,%e is wise if %e keeps a notebook at h& 9 :i* ^! li/s may be record$4 ,x w be se5 f ! above t ! pupil is expect$ to ma/] ! words ( ! lesson z a means ( gett+ ! ?\ght1 be=e x is assum$ t he c read ) expression4 ,b1 hav+ prep>$ himself ?r\gh /udy1 & hav+ be5 assi/$ by ! tea*]'s illu/ration & explanation1 !re %\ld be no h9drance to free & natural read+4 ,we d1 h[ev]1 f9d expression h9d]$ by v>i\s m9or causes1 "s ( :i* x may be well to discuss4 ,a frequ5t occasion ( indol5t or indiff]5t read+ is ! *ild's feel+ t ! ex]cise is p]functory1 "o ( ! tasks assign$ at s*ool z a s*ool duty1 b hav+ 9 itself no excuse = be+4 ,he ne$s to realize t he is deliv]+ a message1 or tell+ a /ory :i* "s "o desires to he>4 ,x has (t5 be5 obs]v$ t *ildr5 read _! own productions ) m>vell\sly good effect1 ev5 :5 !y /umble & hesitate 9 ! normal read+ ex]cises4 ,! reason is easily disc]n$4 ,9 ! "o case !y h some?+ to tell1 & desire to tell x4 ,9 ! second case1 ! ex]cise is "o 9 :i* !y h no special int]e/4 ,! tea*]'s *ief endeavor1 !n1 %\ld be direct$ t[>d incit+ 9 ! *ildr5 a desire to communicate ?\ght4 ,?is may sometimes be secur$ by hav+ ! class li/51 ) clos$ books1 :ile a s+le pupil reads1 ! tea*] insi/+ t he %all s read t e "o :o li/5s may und]/& & enjoy all t is read4 ,ano!r help :i* has be5 sugge/$ by _m tea*]s is ! practice ( br++ f home diff]5t %ort selections1 :i* ! pupils are enc\rag$ to read to ! class4 ,^! selections may be brief & simple--"s anecdote1 "s clipp+ f a newspap]1 "s phrase or l9e1 "s conundrum1 :i* has int]e/$ ! *ild4 ,x w soon be discov]$ t ! *ildr5 w le>n to read well only :5 consci\s t _! read+ is ! means ( convey+ ! ?\ght to _! he>]s4 ,! practice ( consult+ ref]5ce books1 ev5 ) pupils 9 ! l[e/ gramm> grades1 has a reflex influ5ce ^u ! p[] to read al\d well1 s9ce x gives to ! pupil some?+ :i* he desires to read to ! o!rs & :i* he alone c convey to !m4 ,?is desire to %>e :at is read by becom+ able to read well %\ld be /imulat$ 9 e possible way4 ,aga91 ease 9 read+1 :i* is an important factor1 is (t5 prev5t$ by ! pupil's self-consci\sness1 :i* r5d]s him timid & awkw>d :5ev] he attempts to read al\d 9 ! pres5ce ( o!rs4 ,?is timid self-consci\sness v>ies ) diff]5t individuals1 ( c\rse1 & x also v>ies 9 diff]5t classes4 ,! tea*] is (t5 responsible = ?is %r9k+ on ! "p ( ! *ildr51 al?\gh x may be an unconsci\s responsibility on h] "p4 ,undue criticism ( ! read]1 :i* draws ! att5tion ( ! class to 8 faults & makes him consci\s ( himself1 (t5 prev5ts ! v ?+ :i* ! tea*] is /riv+ to obta94 ,! pupil's ?\ght %\ld be drawn away f himself & c5tr$ ^u ! ?\ght 9 ! s5t5ce1 ! message :i* he is to deliv]4 ,! "q %\ld be direct$ t[>d t1 r ?an t[>d ! pupil's idiosyncrasies4 ,?is is c\pl$ ) ano!r s]i\s consid]ation4 ,x has j be5 said t ! *ild _c read ) expression if he is ?9k+ ab\t himself4 ,x is also true t he _c read well except z 8 m9d is c5tr$ ^u ! subject ab\t :i* he is read+4 ,! tea*]'s ef=ts %\ld be 9 ! direction ( pictur+ ! sc5e :i* ! *ild describes1 s t x w become real to him1 & t he may be enabl$ to pa9t x to ! class4 ,%e n only w endeavor to refra9 f draw+ ! pupil's att5tion to himself by ill-*os5 comm5ts1 b %e w also help him to imag9e ! ?+ describ$ & to fix 8 ?\ght ^u x4 ,= ! "t be+ ev]y?+ else is =gott54 ,let u suppose t a class is read+ 8,paul ,rev]e's ,ride03 8,mean:ile1 impati5t to m\nt & ride1 ,boot$ & spurr$1 ) a heavy /ride ,on ! opposite %ore walk$ ,paul ,rev]e4 ,n[ he patt$ 8 horse's side1 ,n[ gaz$ at ! l&scape f> & ne>1 ,!n1 impetu\s1 /amp$ ! e>?1 ,& turn$ & tight5$ 8 saddle-gir?2 ,b mo/ly he wat*$ ) eag] se>* ,! belfry-t[] ( ! ,old ,nor? ,*ur*1 ,z x rose above ! graves on ! hill1 ,lonely & spectral & sombre & /ill2 ,& lo6 z he looks1 on ! belfry's height ,a glimm]1 & !n a gleam ( light6 ,he spr+s to ! saddle1 ! bridle he turns1 ,b l+]s & gazes1 till full on 8 sight ,a second lamp 9 ! belfry burns6 ,a hurry ( ho(s 9 a village /reet1 ,a %ape 9 ! moonlight1 a bulk 9 ! d>k1 ,& b5ea?1 f ! pebbles1 9 pass+1 a sp>k ,/ruck out by a /e$ fly+ fe>less & fleet3 ,t 0 all6 ,& yet1 ?r\gh ! gloom & ! light1 ,! fate ( a nation 0 rid+ t night2 ,& ! sp>k /ruck out by t /e$1 9 8 flight1 ,k9dl$ ! l& into flame ) its heat40 ,us$ by p]mission ( ,h\ghton1 ,miffl9 ,co4 ,if ! pupil is to make 8 he>]s he> & see ,paul ,rev]e1 he mu/ see & he> him1 too4 ,8 eye mu/ be ^u ! belfry t[] ( ! ,old ,nor? ,*ur*2 he mu/ feel ! lonel9ess ( ! quiet gravey>d1 ! fe>fulness ( ! sil5t way2 he mu/ cat* ! gleam ( ! light2 mu/ wat* ! impetu\s m\nt+1 he> ! hurry ( ho(s 9 ! village /reet1 & realize ! fatefulness ( ! h\r 9 :i* ! l& is k9dl$ into flame4 ,e ef=t %\ld be c5tr$ ^u help+ ! *ildr5 to feel1 to imag9e ! picture1 & to s5se its dep? ( mean+4 ,say no?+ n[ ab\t hold+ ! book 9 "o h&1 /&+ on bo? feet or ?r[+ ! %\ld]s back2 b /ir ! class to feel z ,paul ,rev]e felt1 & to tell ! tale ) en?usia/ic pride4 ,let all ! que/ions help to make ! picture cle>] & ! feel+ /rong]4 ,read aga91 & aga91 & aga91 until ! message becomes mo/ famili>1 b ) e read+ m eag] ?an be=e4 ,?is selection emphasizes ! ne$ ( prep>ation = ! read+ lesson outside ( ! read+ class4 ,no "o c read ! poem well :o does n und]/& ! sett+4 ,! /ory ( ! ,revolution is ess5tial to und]/&+ ! poem4 ,:y ! ,briti% %ips 7 9 ! h>bor2 :y ! c\ntry folk %\ld be up & 9 arms2 :at prec$$ & :at foll[$ ! fateful ride2 ! sc5e ( ! poem--! belfry1 ! *ur*1 ! t[n1 ! riv]1 ! h>bor--mu/ be cle>ly 9 m9d4 ,! backgr\nd ( ! poet's picture mu/ be drawn be=e ! *ildr5 attempt to read al\d ! p>agraph4 ,x is obvi\s t ! picture w be mo/ vivid 9 ! m9ds ( ^? pupils :o are mo/ g5]\sly end[$ ) imag9ation4 ,! above ex]cise goes to prove ! ne$ ( "s attempt on ! "p ( tea*]s to cultivate ! imag9ation ( ! *ildr54 ,a close scrut9y ( ! failures 9 our read+ lessons w\ld lead u to believe t x is to a lack ( ?is p[] t we may attribute mu* ( our difficulty 9 tea*+ read+4 ,z soon z ! *ildr5 picture ! sc5e :i* ! words describe1 !y read ) int]e/ & vigor4 ,_! indiff]5ce & heav9ess are l>gely due to ! fact t ! words sugge/ no picture to !m4 ,?is faculty might be develop$1 9 "s degree1 by frequ5t conv]sations :i* necessitate ! *ildr5's pictur+ or imag9+ :at !y h read4 ,! simple/ prim] w l5d itself to ?is ex]cise4 ,! habit ( draw+ ! picture :i* ! s5t5ce sugge/s is a fur!r /imulus4 ,read+ fairy /ories or /ories ( adv5ture may help to /imulate ! imag9ation4 ,an effective aid is d]iv$ f play+ or act+ ! /ory told 9 ! lesson4 ,i rememb] see+ a prim>y class t play$ 8,hiawa?a0 ) great delight1 diff]5t *ildr5 tak+ ! p>ts ( ,nokomis1 ,hiawa?a1 ,w5onah1 ! ,p9e ,tree1 ! ,fir ,tree1 ! ,squirrels1 ! ,rabbits2 recit+ _! p>ts ) eag] pleasure1 act+ !m 9 ! mo/ unconsci\s fa%ion1 & nev] ) any lack ( expression4 ,! *ildr5 recit$ ) ease & naturalness & vigor4 ,!y 7 lo/ 9 _! play1 :i* 0 v real to !m4 ,n long ago ,i visit$ a s*ool 9 :i* ! *ildr5 _h begg$ ! privilege ( repres5t+ ! dialogue :i* !y 7 read+4 ,!y assign$ ! p>ts !mselves1 improvis$ simple co/umes1 & read _! v>i\s p>ts ) great animation4 ,! memb]s ( ! class :o s]v$ z audi5ce li/5$ ) rapt att5tion1 v unlike t :i* is ord9>ily accord$ to a r5d]+ ( ! read+ lesson4 ,?r\gh ! play1 ! lesson became vitaliz$1 x 0 made real4 ,x did n occur to ! tea*] to sugge/ inflections or pauses2 su* sugge/ions 7 q z unnecess>y z !y w\ld h be5 9 any conv]sation ) ! *ildr54 ,^! ?+s take c>e ( !mselves :5 ! *ildr5 h once be5 ov]ma/]$ by ! desire to express ! ?\ght4 ,nor w x ev] be necess>y to dwell ^u !m if ?is desire is creat$4 8,seek ye fir/ ! k+dom ( ,god & 8 righte\sness1 & all ^! ?+s %all be add$ unto y40 ,9 a p>allel s5se1 if we once inspire 9 ! *ildr5 ! desire to convey ! message ( ! text1 ! accessories ( inflection & tone w become !irs4 ,x _c be too /rongly emphasiz$ t ^! less] phases ( good read+ w be secur$ if prop]ly subord9at$ to "o great aim--! desire to communicate ?\ght4 ,x is n difficult to imag9e a "q at ?is po9t4 8,w\ld y n h any vocal ex]cises to help 9 secur+ expression80 ,by all means1 b n z a "p ( ! read+ ex]cise4 ,if ! ex]cise %[s t ! *ildr5 h c]ta9 ne$s1--if ! tee? are clos$1 if ! pronunciation is slov5ly or ! articulation poor1--special ex]cises %\ld be plann$ to rem$y su* defects1 b ^! %\ld be giv5 z ex]cises & n z a "p ( ! read+ lesson4 ,s5t5ces :i* dem& cle> articulation may be pron\nc$ 9 rapid succession1 or sung to ! scale2 selections may be read f ! f>!/ corn] ( ! room4 ,ex]cises :i* /ret* ! muscles us$ 9 articulation1 ex]cises :i* /raight5 ! body or secure ease 9 po/ure2 brea?+ ex]cises & _! k9dr$1--all are helpful1 z ex]cises1 b !y %\ld n int]rupt ! read+4 ,!y may alt]nate ) read+1 & prep>e = x1 b !y %\ld be consid]$1 z !y really are1 subord9ate to ! "o ess5tial1 ! creation ( a desire to read4 8,w\ld y ev] read to *ildr5 9 ord] to help !m to get ! "r expression80 is a "q :i* is frequ5tly ask$4 ,by all means4 ,!re is no o!r way 9 :i* *ildr5 c =m an ideal ( good read+4 ,_m *ildr5 he> no read+ 9 _! homes4 ,!y are accu/om$ to monoton\s spee* & to c>eless articulation4 ,x is necess>y to read to !m1 & to read well1 9 ord] to %[ !m :at good read+ is4 ,a fur!r advantage ( read+ to ! *ildr5 is to %[ !m h[ mu* ! tea*] gets f a poem or /ory :i* has meant little to !m4 ,su* read+ %\ld n lead to s]vile imitation on ! "p ( ! *ildr52 r ! opposite4 ,! tea*]'s comm5ts ^u ! read+ 9 ! class w readily fix ! seal ( h] approval ^u individual r5d]+s4 8,let me he> h[ t seems to y1 ,john10 %e w say4 8,m>y1 let me he> y read4 ,i %\ld l to get y\r ?\ght40 8,kate1 is t ! way y und]/ood x8 ,let me he> y read x40 ,i h he>d a tea*] reque/ "o pupil aft] ano!r to read1 wait+ until ! int]pretation :i* 0 l h] own 0 giv5 be=e %e comm5d$1 & impress+ ^u ! entire class h] feel+ t su* read+ alone 0 correct4 ,z a matt] ( fact1 e r5d]+ :i* 0 giv5 0 z good z ! tea*]'s--"s ev5 7 bett]4 ,! read] mu/ int]pret ! au?or's message z x appe>s to him4 ,8 read+ %[s 8 int]pretation4 ,if ! tea*] reads to ! class1 %e %[s simply :at ! writ]'s message has be5 to h]4 ,9 ! read+ lesson %e gives to ! pupils ! opportunity ( express+ :at !y !mselves h read4 ,9 read+1 z 9 ev]y?+ else1 ease comes ) practice4 ,! class %\ld h two v>ieties ( practice4 ,!y %\ld read & re-read a few selections :i* dem& v>iety 9 expression2 & !y %\ld read _m easy selections :i* require v little ef=t 9 ma/]+4 ,if ! ex]cise is difficult en\gh to dem& /udy1 x w necessitate hesitation if read at sight4 ,su* attempts at sight read+1 ) too difficult matt]1 w result 9 ! habit ( /umbl+4 ,*ildr5 %\ld h an opportunity to ov]come by /udy ! difficulties :i* w\ld o!rwise make !m hesitate 9 read+4 ,all sight read+1 s call$1 %\ld be easy en\gh to be read flu5tly at sight4 ,! old-fa%ion$ cu/om ( sett+ ap>t ,friday aft]noons = read+1 recitation1 & declamation %\ld be reviv$4 ,! ex]cise 0 admirable1 giv+ ! *ildr5 confid5ce 9 read+ & speak+ :i* result$ 9 ease & flu5cy4 ,x 0 a helpful adjunct to ! read+ class & des]ves to be honor$ 9 ! obs]vance4 ,x may be well to sugge/1 9 ?is connection1 t ! habit ( read+ ) free & individual expression is s]i\sly h9d]$ by ! practice ( conc]t read+4 ,if ! tea*]s :o pursue t practice 7 to attempt occasionally to read al\d 9 company ) o!rs1 !y w\ld discov] ! difficulties "u :i* ! *ildr5 labor4 ,! practice works 9 direct opposition to ! ex]cises :i* h be5 advis$4 ,x is impossible = ! *ild to give 8 individual r5d]+ 9 a conc]t recitation4 ,he _c ev5 read at 8 individual rate2 he mu/ wait = 8 neighbor4 ,8 words drag1 8 voice becomes /ra9$ & unnatural1 ! ex]cise assumes ! s*ool-room tone1 & ! *ildr5 adopt ! sw++ rhy?m ( ! s+song4 ,a few *ildr5 lead2 ! o!rs foll[1 or mo/ ( ! o!rs--a v few succe$ 9 evad+ ! read+ altoge!r4 ,all ?is is wrong4 ,x is bett] = ! *ild to read once alone ?an to read t5 times 9 conc]t ) o!rs4 ,x is true1 h[ev]1 t !re is "o place = ! conc]t read+4 ,:5 a poem or p>agraph has be5 memoriz$ by ! entire class "u ! direction ( ! tea*]1 !y may le>n to recite x well 9 conc]t )\t ! disadvantages describ$2 b1 z a read+ lesson1 ! ex]cise has no place--x %\ld be bani%$ f ! s*ool-room4 ,"o ^w m4 ,9 our attempts to tea* *ildr5 to read ) expression1 we may be help$ by /udy+ to le>n :at selections !y l be/ to read1 :at x is t appeals to !m4 ,by foll[+ ! l9e ( _! int]e/ we may come to realize :y selections :i* we h *os5 are difficult = !m1 & ?r\gh mak+ a wis] *oice may become m successful 9 our tea*+4 ,"h1 z else:]e1 x is ! intellig5t /udy ( ! class by ! tea*] :i* enables h] to apply h] k ( ! subject :i* %e tea*es4 ,! highe/ (fice ( read+ is n to op5 ! eyes ( ! *ild to ! evolution ( ! mat]ial _w1 nor to tea* him to adapt its res\rces to 8 own subsi/5ce2 he ne$s no books = t4 ,! greate/ hung] ( ! human s\l is n = food4 ,x is t he may bett] und]/& s\l motives & he>t ne$s2 t he may m freely give to ! he>t-hungry1 & m freely receive f ! s\l-full2 t he may live out ( & away f 8 mean] self2 t he may gr[ all-sid$2 t he may look ) analytic r ?an ) critical eyes ^u ! err+2 t he may reli% ! homely side ( life1 & weave beauty into its pov]ty & ugly h>d%ips2 t he may add to 8 own /r5g? & wisdom ! /r5g? & wisdom ( ! pa/ ages4 ,x is t he may f9d 8 own relation to ! et]nal1 t ! *ild1 equally ) ! gr[n p]son1 turns to ! songs :i* ravi% ! e> & gladd5 ! he>t4 --,,m>y ,e4 ,,burt4 ,illu/ration ,,*apt] ,,vii4 ,,lessons ,,to ,,sugge/ ,,plans ,,( ,,"w4 ,i4--,lesson ^u ! ,c[4 ,to prec$e or accompany ,read+ ,lessons :i* ref] to ! ,c[ 79 l[e/ grades74 #a4 ,f9d out :at ! *ildr5 "k ab\t ! c[4 ,e new lesson %\ld be built ^u & fa/5$ to ! *ildr5's pa/ exp]i5ce4 ,if !y h no k ( c[s1 we mu/ introduce ! subject accord+ly4 ,if !y h always kn[n !m1 ! lesson w be m]ely a review1 because ! f\ndation w h be5 prep>$4 ,if ! *ildr5 live 9 ! c\ntry & "k ! common animals1 proce$ at once to def9ite que/ions :i* w arrange _! k & help !m to express x3 ,:]e h y se5 c[s8 ,:at d y "k ab\t !m--_! size1 color2 ! head1 e>s1 legs1 feet1 tail8 ,h[ l>ge are !y1 z comp>$ ) ! horse1 dog1 cat8 ,comp>e ! cov]+ ) t ( ! horse1 dog1 cat4 ,comp>e ! p>ts ) ! correspond+ p>ts ( ^? animals4 ,describe ! horns4 ,:y d c[s h horns8 ,:at use d !y make ( !m8 ,describe ! e>s4 ,:]e are !y8 ,does ! c[ move !m8 ,! e>s ( ! dog1 cat1 c[1 horse are movable2 ours are n4 ,:y8 ,comp>e ! c['s nose & m\? ) ^? ( ! cat or ! horse4 ,does anyone "k any?+ ab\t ! c['s tee?8 ,:at does %e eat8 ,:at k9d ( tee? does %e ne$8 ,tell ! *ildr5 ab\t ! *ew+ ( ! cud4 ,( :at use to ! c[ is ! long tail ) its bru% at ! end8 ,:o has se5 h] use x8 ,w\ld a %ort tail s]ve z well8 ,:o kn[s any?+ ab\t ! c['s foot8 ,:o c draw a picture ( a c['s footpr9t8 ,( :at use are c[s to u8 ,:at does ! c[ give to u8 ,h[ %\ld c[s be c>$ =8 ,:at k9d ( /all1 :at k9d ( b$1 :at food1 wat]1 pa/ure1 %\ld !y h8 ,describe a pa/ure t y w\ld l if y 7 a c[4 ,describe a b>n t y w\ld l if y 7 a c[4 ,h[ ought we to treat animals8 ,is x "r to =get _! wants :5 we h ! c>e ( !m8 ,e lesson ^u animals %\ld help ! *ildr5 to realize m fully _! obligation to prop]ly c>e = !m4 ,sympa?y = animal life ought to be develop$ ?r\gh ! read+ & language lessons4 ,int]e/ 9 animal life is always pres5t 9 *ildr54 ,! que/ions above sugge/$ _c be answ]$ at once1 by any ord9>y class ( *ildr54 ,_m :o are famili> ) c[s 9 g5]al w be unable to answ] !m def9itely4 ,b ! que/ions w lead !m to m ?\ghtful obs]vation1 aft] :i* !y c report 9 ano!r lesson4 ,sometimes ! subjects may be di/ribut$1 diff]5t gr\ps ( *ildr5 be+ held responsible = ! answ] to a c]ta9 "q4 #b4 ,direct outside obs]vation1 9 ord] to get new k4 ,x is entirely feasible1 9 _m s*ool-rooms1 to make ! /udy ( ! c[ ! subject ( a field lesson4 ,! *ildr5 may be tak51 9 gr\ps1 to a f>my>d1 a pa/ure1 or a /able1 :]e a c[ may be obs]v$ & /udi$4 ,su* lessons h ceas$ to be =midable1 s9ce !y h become s common4 ,! ne$ ( ^! visits is reveal$ by ! *ildr5's vague answ]s4 ,no?+ b def9ite obs]vation ( ! real ?+ w op5 _! eyes1 & make ! words 9 _! lesson full ( mean+4 ,!re are _m city *ildr5 :o h nev] se5 a c[4 ,if x is impossible to take !m to a real c[1 excell5t pictures %\ld be sub/itut$4 ,_m ( ! que/ions sugge/$ c\ld be answ]$ by pictures4 ,x mu/ be rememb]$1 h[ev]1 t ! picture tells to u1 :o h _h ! real exp]i5ce1 mu* m ?an x tells to a *ild :o has nev] _h t exp]i5ce4 ,x is n /range t a boy :o has nev] se5 a real c[ %\ld imag9e t animal to be six in*es long1 ! size ( ! c[ :i* he has kn[n f pictures 9 ! lesson4 ,emphasize ! fact ( ! size4 ,allude to ! picture z a picture only4 ,h ! *ildr5 %[ by _! h&s h[ high a c[ w\ld be1 h[ long1 h[ wide its head1 etc4 ,by su* means1 help to vivify ! m5tal picture :i* is sugge/$ to ! *ildr5 by ! lesson4 ,if ! pictures are ! only av5ue ?r\gh :i* !y le>n ab\t ! c[1 d n attempt to give z mu* in=mation z w\ld naturally be associat$ ) ! real obs]vation lesson1 ,rememb] t ! am\nt ( k :i* ! *ild ga9s is n proportion$ to ! numb] ( facts :i* ! tea*] enum]ates4 ,he w intellig5tly appropriate ^? :i* 8 obs]vation & ?\ght h help$ him to und]/&4 ,z has be5 said be=e1 ?is tru? det]m9es ! value ( ! read+ lesson to ! *ild1 & necessitates ! associat$ lessons1 :i* supplem5t 8 exp]i5ce & enable him to br+ to ! lesson a m9d furni%$ ) appropriate ideas4 #c4 ,tell ! *ildr5 simple facts :i* !y _c f9d out = !mselves4 ,!re are _m facts associat$ ) ! c[ :i* ! *ildr5 c "k only ?r\gh o!rs3 ! use ( ! horns1 ( ! bones1 ! hair1 etc42 ! manufactures2 ! reason = ! cud-*ew+2 ! mak+ ( butt] & *eese4 ,! writ] has kn[n class-rooms 9 :i* milk 0 skimm$1 ! cream *urn$ into butt]1 & ! butt] eat5 by ! *ildr54 ,! quantity1 ( c\rse1 0 small1 b ! process 0 v real & v int]e/+4 ,?is happ5$ rec5tly 9 a k9d]g>t5 9 a l>ge city4 ,!re 7 only ?ree *ildr5 9 ! class :o _h ev] se5 a c[4 ,x is h>dly necess>y to say t ! lesson foll[$ a visit to ! c[4 #d4 ,ren=ce ! lessons by /ories4 ,/ories ab\t c[s1 or descriptions ( c]ta9 animals1 p]haps ! pets :i* we h kn[n1 w add int]e/ to ! lessons4 #e4 ,collect pictures ( c[s1 = comp>ison & description4 ,9 almo/ any di/rict ! *ildr5 w be able to help 9 mak+ collections ( pictures :i* illu/rate ! language & read+ lesson4 ,^! pictures c be obta9$ f newspap]s1 magaz9es1 adv]tisem5ts1 & v>i\s o!r s\rces4 ,e *ild :o helps to swell ! collection w feel an add$ int]e/ 9 x4 ,! collection w be valuable 9 proportion z x is c>efully arrang$ & ?\ghtfully us$ by ! tea*]4 ,if ! c>ds are neatly m\nt$ ^u sep>ate %eets :i* conta9 ! "n ( ! contributor1 & di/ribut$ among/ ! *ildr5 = obs]vation & comp>ison1 x w prove really helpful4 ,?r\gh ! comp>ison ( ! diff]5t pictures _m facts w be develop$1 sugge/$ by ! *ildr5's comm5ts or que/ions4 ,su* tea*+ w be sure to fit ! ne$ ( ! *ildr54 ,^! sugge/ions w be modifi$ & arrang$ by any tea*] :o desires to use !m4 ,!y may help to po9t ! way = ^? :o are n entirely famili> ) ?is phase ( _! "w1 & s lead to bett] ?+s4 ,,ii4--,lesson ^u ! ,oak4 ,z 9 ! previ\s lesson1 ! tea*]'s fir/ object %\ld be to discov] :at ! *ildr5 already "k4 ,ne>ly all *ildr51 ev5 ^? liv+ 9 ! mid/ ( ! city1 h "s opportunity to see & /udy trees1 & _! att5tion %\ld be c>efully direct$ to ! trees 9 _! neighborhood4 ,h y ev] se5 an oak tree8 ,:]e 0 x gr[+8 ,h[ tall 0 x8 7,comp>e ) a man1 ) a horse1 a h\se1 ) o!r trees47 ,:at d y rememb] ab\t ! size ( its trunk8 ab\t ! b>k1 ab\t ! leaves1 ab\t ! fruit8 ,br+ to ! class acorns1 leaves1 or1 9 blossom "t1 br+ blossoms4 ,:at is ! use ( ! blossom1 ( ! leaf1 ( ! acorn8 ,draw !m4 ,plant an acorn & see :at comes ( x4 ,( :at use is ! oak tree to u8 7,d n =get t beauty z well z manufactur+ is to be consid]$47 ,"n articles made ( oak4 ,br+ specim5s ( ! wood4 ,! old] pupils c draw ! tree4 ,tell ! *ildr5 ab\t ! ,*>t] ,oak4 ,take !m1 if possible1 to a field or woods or p>k or /reet :]e !y c see an oak tree gr[+4 ,ref] to ! lesson "s weeks aft]w>ds1 9 ord] to lead to cont9u$ obs]vation ( ! tree 9 diff]5t /ages4 ,d n feel t x is necess>y to d all :i* ! lesson sugge/s1 ) e class2 b be sure t ! *ildr5 h "s actual k ( a real oak tree4 ,,iii4--,lessons ^u ,occupations4 ,frequ5t ref]5ce is made1 9 all lit]ature1 to ! occupations ( m54 ,ev5 if ?is 7 n s1 a k ( ^! occupations is necess>y to ev5 a fair education4 ,e *ild %\ld be intellig5t 9 reg>d to ! "w ( ! f>m]1 ! mill]1 ! c>p5t]1 ! brick-lay]1 ! eng9e]1 ! m9]1 ! m]*ant4 ,b1 be ?is z x may1 ! pages ( ! s*ool read]1 ev51 w dem& "s k ( ! ev]yday occupations ( m54 ,*ildr5 are naturally int]e/$ 9 ! occupations ( _! neighbors4 ,!y l to see ?+s made4 ,!y l to "k :y c]ta9 effects come f c]ta9 causes4 ,no?+ c\ld be m fruitful ?an a visit to a blacksmi? %op1 a new h\se t is be+ built1 a sew] t is be+ dug1 a cell> t is be+ laid2 to a ropewalk1 to a m9e1 to a qu>ry1 :]e real m5 are engag$ 9 real "w4 ,?is natural int]e/ ( *ildr5 9 ^! subjects is evid5c$ by _! desire to 8play0 ! mill]1 ! f>m]1 ! driv]1 ! boatman1 etc4 ,we d well :5 we build ^u ?is natural int]e/4 8,! ,village ,blacksmi?0 is a famili> poem1 bas$ ^u a common exp]i5ce4 ,z has be5 said1 ! *ildr5 :o "k some?+ ab\t ! "w ( ! blacksmi? w enjoy & und]/& ! poem z no o!rs c4 ,ask !m to g to a blacksmi?1 & !n to report2 or g ) a class ( *ildr51 & help !m to obs]ve & to "q4 ,! blacksmi? w be helpful & g5]\s if he is c\rte\sly reque/$ to give 8 aid to ! *ildr54 ,prep>e !m = ! lesson by a prelim9>y talk ab\t ! blacksmi?1 8 "w1 ! ne$ ( 8 "w2 8 tools1 ! mat]ial ) :i* he works2 ! s\rce f :i* iron is obta9$1 ! process by :i* /eel is made4 ,hav+ prep>$ ! *ildr5 to obs]ve1 assign que/ions or topics ^u :i* !y are to report3 ! anvil1 ! =ge1 ! sl$ge1 ! bell[s1 ! horse%oe1 etc4 ,^u return+ f ! visit1 all[ ! diff]5t pupils to tell :at !y h se54 ,aft] ! g5]al conv]sation1 insi/ ^u an ord]ly description4 ,k9dr$ lessons may be giv5 ^u ! o!r occupations sugge/$4 ,9 _m cases1 /ories c be told1 or read1 :i* w ren=ce ! obs]vation4 ,x mu/ n be =gott5 t "o result ( ! lessons %\ld be a s9c]e respect = hone/ toil1 & /urdy pride 9 ability to d hone/ "w well4 ,x is h>dly necess>y to say t ! visit to ! blacksmi?'s %op w ren=ce ! read+1 & t a /udy ( ,longfell['s poem w 9 turn make ! visit m valuable4 ,! language lesson w help ! read+ lesson because x adds int]e/2 x w also help ! lesson z lit]ature1 because x gives full] p[] ( int]pretation1 & correspond+ appreciation ( ! poem4 ,all ^! lessons w be made m valuable by ! use ( collections ( pictures4 ,,iv4--,ra94 ,= ,second ,grade4 ,obs]vation dur+ a ,ra9fall4 ,:at is ra98 ,:]e does x come f8 ,h[ did x get !re8 ,exp]im5t lat]1 if ! *ildr5 become int]e/$ 9 ! "q1 b d n answ] x = !m n[2 let !m "q & ?9k4 ,^u :i* w9d[s does x fall8 ,:y n ^u ! opposite w9d[s8 ,:]e does x g8 ,:at good w x d8 ,:at h>m w x d8 ,?9k :at ! ra9 does = ! trees4 ,h[ d y "k8 ,:at does x d = ! birds8 ,h[ d y "k8 ,:at does x d = ! fl[]s8 ,h[ d y "k8 ,:at does x d = y8 ,if no ra9 7 to fall = ?ree or f\r mon?s1 :at w\ld happ5 to ! fl[]s8 ,to ! grass8 ,to ! g>d5s8 ,to ! brooks8 ,w\ld x make any diff]5ce to y8 ,exp]im5t3 ,brea! ^u ! cold glass2 %[ cond5s$ vapor4 ,boil wat]2 collect vapor on cold surface4 ,recall vapor on w9d[s4 ,recall clo!s dry+4 ,recall w9d[s on wa%+ day4 ,expla9 h[ f9e p>ticles ( wat] are c>ri$ ?r\gh ! air1 & unite s z to be se51 :5 cold1 9 ! brea?1 on w9d[s1 9 cl\ds1 9 fog4 ,expla9 h[ ra9fall is caus$4 ,read 8,*ildr5 ( ! ,cl\ds40 ,memorize 8,is x ,ra9+1 ,little ,fl[]80 ,read to ! *ildr5 8,a ,ra9y ,day40 ,tell ! /ory ( ! drop ( wat] 9 its j\rney f ocean to ocean aga94 ,illu/ration ,oh = a booke & a %adie nooke1 ,ey!r 9-a-doore or out2 ,) ! gr5e leaves :isp]+ ov]h$e1 ,or ! /reete cry all ab\t4 ,:]e ,i maie reade all at my ease1 ,bo? ( ! newe & olde2 ,= a jollie goode booke :]eon to looke1 ,is bett] to me ?an golde4 --,,old ,,engli% ,,song4 ,illu/ration ,,*apt] ,,viii4 ,,lessons ,,to ,,sugge/ ,,plans ,,( ,,"w--,,cont9u$4 ,i4--,lessons on ,bird ,life4 ,! /udy ( birds has become s common z a "p ( s*ool "w1 t sugge/ions ^u ! subject may be trite & sup]flu\s4 ,= ! tea*]s :o h n yet attempt$ su* /udy1 ! foll[+ practical sugge/ions may be helpful4 ,all *ildr5 are int]e/$ 9 animal life1 b few city *ildr5 h m ?an a vague notion ( ! habits & *>act]i/ics ( ! animals ( :i* !y read4 ,n long ago1 ! writ] *anc$ to he> a class ( prim>y *ildr5 read+ ab\t ! h54 ,! ex]cise 0 hesitat+1 ! read+ dubi\s4 ,^u que/ion+ x transpir$ t b ?ree *ildr5 9 ! class _h ev] se5 a live h51 & 9 two ( ^! cases ! h5 0 8nail$ up 9 a box 9 ! m>ket40 ,"o *ild only _h se5 a h5 walk+ ab\t1 & t 0 9 8,tim ,jones's ,alley40 ,obvi\sly ! s5t5ces :i* _h seem$ s lum9\s to ! tea*] 7 d>k to ! *ildr54 ,su* exp]i5ces are n conf9$ to city *ildr54 ,wide exp]i5ce has discov]$ _m a c\ntry *ild ^: eyes h nev] be5 truly op5$ to ! life ab\t him4 ,x is safe to assume t any class ( little *ildr5 w pr(it by ! lesson :i* increases _! int]e/ 9 ! bird _w1 & op5s _! eyes to see new beauties1 _! m9ds to receive new pictures1 & :i* incid5tally expla9s ! pages t o!rwise are mean+less4 ,= su* prelim9>y /udy1 ! be/ beg9n+ is ! obs]vation ( "s cag$ bird :i* c be kept )9 rea* = a:ile4 ,a can>y1 a p>rot1 a dove1 a h51 a duck w behave well 9 ! s*ool-room1 may be c>$ = by ! pupils1 & obs]v$ = sev]al days1 & w s]ve z a c5tre f :i* new inve/igation may radiate1 or a type to :i* all new bird k may be ref]r$4 ,! can>y or p>rot w be br\ght 9 its own h\se4 ,= ! o!rs a dwell+-place may be extemporiz$4 ,a box frame may be built1 op5 on all sides1 & cov]$ ) co>se wire nett+ or nett$ f5c+2 or "o side may be remov$ f a wood5 box ( suitable size1 & nett+ be sub/itut$ = x4 ,! *ildr5 %\ld be able to wat* ! bird z x eats1 dr9ks1 walks1 or flies ab\t1 & %\ld at fir/ be all[$ to obs]ve )\t ! re/riction ( "q or recitation4 ,! conv]sation ( ! pupils1 _! exclamations & que/ions1 w reveal ! be/ l9e ( approa* to ! subject4 ,x w be f\nd t _! *ief int]e/ c5tres 9 ! actions ( ! bird4 8,see him eat6 ,h[ fa/ he turns ! se$4 ,see ! %ells fly6 ,h[ he spatt]s ! wat]6 ,oh1 he's wa%+ himself60 ,su* are ! free comm5ts ( ! *ildr54 ,let ^! det]m9e ! fir/ lesson4 8,y h be5 wat*+ ! can>y4 ,:at h y se5 him d8 ,:at c he d t y c d8 ,:at c he d t y cn d80 ,^! que/ions _c be answ]$ )\t actual k4 ,if ! replies are writt5 ^u ! bo>d1 x w be discov]$ t ! *ildr5 h add$ def9itely to _! /ore ( k1 & likewise to _! vocabul>y4 ,ano!r conv]sation may comp>e ! cat & ! can>y1 ! c[ & ! can>y1 or 7a v diff]5t ex]cise7 may note ! resemblances & diff]5ces betwe5 ! can>y & o!r birds ) :i* ! *ildr5 are some:at famili>4 ,?is comp>ison leads to obs]vation ( ! /ructure1 to nam+ & describ+ ! p>ts ( ! can>y4 8,! can>y c fly because he has w+s4 ,we h no w+s1 b we h arms4 ,! cat has no w+s1 b %e has two =elegs40 ,s ! comp>ison proce$s to head1 eyes1 bill1 feet1 until ! *ildr5 are able to describe ! bird 9 cle> & appropriate language4 ,ano!r talk comp>es ! habits ( ! bird ) ^? ( ! cat or dog1 & leads to descriptions ( ! ne/s1 ! eggs1 ! home habits ( ! bird1 ) ! re>+ ( ! "y4 ,! lessons prep>e = ! read+1 to be sure1 b ?is value is incid5tal only1 z comp>$ ) ! wid5$ int]e/ & gr[+ p[] ( ! *ildr5 9 ?9k+1 see+1 & say+4 ,x w\ld be int]e/+ to keep a record ( ! words us$1 or ne$$1 by ! *ildr5 9 su* lessons1 to collate !m aft]w>d1 & to discov] :at proportion ( ! li/ ( words is includ$ 9 ! ord9>y /ock vocabul>y ( elem5t>y read]s4 ,su* a /udy w\ld reveal to any intellig5t tea*] ! close relation betwe5 exp]i5ce & read+1 & w\ld fully ju/ify ! plan ( "w outl9$ 9 ^! pages4 ,x may be well to add 9 pass+ t su* a s]ies ( lessons s]ves z a basis to :i* all ! relat$ lessons may be ref]r$4 ,:5 ! *ildr5 read ab\t ! oriole or ! rob91 he is comp>$ ) ! can>y1 & ! old lesson expla9s & ren=ces ! new4 ,! value ( su* lessons dep5ds ^u ! tea*]'s recognition ( ?is relation4 ,! *ildr5 ne$ n "k ! skeleton ( h] plan1 b %e mu/ "k ! end f ! beg9n+4 ,,ii4--,/udy ( 8,! ,build]s0--,longfell[4 ,,prep>ation ,,= ,,! ,,poem4 ,if ! read]s are "y *ildr51 x w\ld be well to prep>e = ! read+ ( ! poem by a lesson ^u ! mat]ial build+4 ,x is possible t ! c>p5t]s & masons are already at "w 9 ! imm$iate neighborhood ( ! s*oolh\se4 ,! *ildr5 h be5 int]e/$ 9 wat*+ ! digg+ ( ! cell>1 ! lay+ ( ! f\ndation /one1 ! fix+ ( ! frame 9 position1 ! build+ ( ! walls4 ,a little que/ion+ & obs]vation w lead !m to see h[ necess>y x is to ! /r5g? ( ! build+ t e "p be well %ap$ & firmly plac$4 ,!re may be un=tunate examples 9 _! neighborhood :i* %[ ! folly ( di%one/ build+4 ,!y may easily be l$ to realize :at h>m may result f slight+ any piece ( "w1 or falsely cov]+ any weakness4 ,anecdotes are abundant to illu/rate ?is3 ! bridge :i* gives way b5ea? ! weight ( ! pass+ tra91 c>ry+ hundr$s to dea?2 ! dam :i* has weak timb]1 yield+ to ! pressure ( ! fre%et2 ! elevator :i* falls ) its preci\s load4 ,^! po9t to build+ :i* 0 insecure & trea*]\s4 ,= ! o!r side ( ! picture1 we turn to ! old ca!drals1 %[+ ! *ildr5 ! beautiful spires1 ! exquisite c>v+1 & tell+ !m h[ !y h endur$ ?r\gh ! ages because _! build]s did hone/ "w4 ,su* a lesson prep>es = ! int]pretation ( ! poem1 :i* turns our ?\ght to ! build+ :i* we are %ap+ ) our to-days & ye/]days4 ,! lesson ( ! un/able wall1 ! fall+ bridge1 z well z ! grace & /r5g? ( ! ca!dral1 s]ve n[ z a p>allel = ! poet's tea*+1 & ! inevitable result to o!rs is se5 z well z felt :5 we read ( ! 8brok5 /airways1 :]e ! feet /umble z !y seek to climb40 ,aft] su* lessons1 e l9e is fill$ ) mean+ z ! *ildr5 read & re-read ! inspir+ poem4 ,!n x is "t to memorize e l9e1 b especially ! two /anzas1 8,9 ! eld] days ( art1 ,build]s wr\ght ) greate/ c>e ,ea* m9ute & unse5 "p2 ,= ! gods see ev]y:]e4 8,let u d our "w z well1 ,bo? ! unse5 & ! se53 ,make ! h\se1 :]e gods may dwell1 ,beautiful1 entire1 & clean40 ,x is n necess>y to prea* :ile tea*+ ?is poem4 ,! lesson impresses itself ^u ! *ildr5 if !y are rightly prep>$ = x4 ,!y w make _! own application1 b we %\ld n =get t a valuable lesson l ?is is n measur$ by ease 9 recitation or accuracy 9 read+4 ,if 9 ! days to come ! memory ( ! poet's words gives /r5g? 9 ! h\r ( temptation1 or incites to hone/ "w :5 ! h& incl9es to c>eless %irk+1 ! lesson w h c\nt$ = good4 ,9 select+ our poems = our *ildr51 & 9 direct+ _! read+1 su* hope %\ld guide our *oice4 ,! words ( ! poem or /ory w recur aga9 & aga9 :5 ! memory ( ! s*ool-room has fad$4 ,we %\ld be assur$ t ! m9ds ( our pupils are furni%$ ) ?\ghts wor? rememb]+4 8,:atsoev] ?+s are lovely1 :atsoev] ?+s are pure1 :atsoev] ?+s are ( good report1 if !re be any virtue1 & if !re be any praise1 ?9k on ^! ?+s40 ,,iii4--,/udy ( ! ,read+ ,lesson4 ,,illu/rative ,,lesson4 ,,little ,,bell4 ,pip$ ! blackbird on ! bee*wood spray1 8,pretty maid1 sl[ w&]+ ?is way1 ,:at's y\r "n80 quo? he1-- 8,:at's y\r "n8 ,oh1 /op1 & /raight unfold1 ,pretty maid1 ) %[]y curls ( gold60 8,little ,bell10 said %e4 ,little ,bell sat d[n b5ea? ! rocks1 ,toss$ aside h] gleam+ gold5 locks4 8,bonny bird10 quo? %e1 8,s+ me y\r be/ song1 be=e ,i g40 8,"h's ! v f9e/ song ,i "k1 ,little ,bell10 said he4 ,& ! blackbird pip$2 y nev] he>d ,half s gay a song f any bird1-- ,full ( quips & wiles1 ,n[ s r\nd & ri*1 n[ s(t & sl[1 ,all = love ( t sweet face bel[1 ,dimpl$ o'er ) smiles4 ,& ! :ile ! bonny bird did p\r ,8 full he>t out freely1 o'er & o'er1 ',nea? ! morn+ skies1 ,9 ! little *ildi% he>t bel[ ,all ! sweetness seem$ to gr[ & gr[1 ,& %9e =? 9 happy ov]fl[ ,f ! blue1 bright eyes4 ,d[n ! dell %e tripp$1 & ?r\gh ! glade ,peep$ ! squirrel f ! hazel %ade1 ,& f out ! tree ,swung1 & leap$1 & frolick$1 void ( fe>1 ,:ile bold blackbird pip$1 t all might he>1 8,little ,bell60 pip$ he4 ,little ,bell sat d[n amid ! f]n2 8,squirrel1 squirrel1 to y\r task return2 ,br+ me nuts10 quo? %e4 ,up1 away1 ! frisky squirrel hies1-- ,gold5 woodlights glanc+ 9 8 eyes1-- ,& ad[n ! tree ,great ripe nuts1 kiss$ br[n by ,july sun1 ,9 ! little lap dropp$ "o by "o4 ,h>k6 h[ blackbird pipes to see ! fun6 8,happy ,bell60 pipes he4 ,little ,bell look$ up & d[n ! glade2 8,squirrel1 squirrel1 if y're n afraid1 ,come & %>e ) me60 ,d[n came squirrel1 eag] = 8 f>e1-- ,d[n came bonny blackbird1 ,i decl>e6 ,little ,bell gave ea* 8 hone/ %>e2 ,ah1 ! m]ry ?ree6 ,& ! :ile ^! frolic playmates twa9 ,pip$ & frisk$ f b\gh to b\gh aga91 ',nea? ! morn+ skies1 ,9 ! little *ildi% he>t bel[ ,all ! sweetness seem$ to gr[ & gr[1 ,& %9e out 9 happy ov]fl[ ,f h] blue1 bright eyes4 ,by h] sn[-:ite cot1 at close ( day1 ,knelt sweet ,bell1 ) fold$ palms1 to pray4 ,v calm & cle> ,rose ! pray+ voice1 to :]e1 unse51 ,9 blue heav51 an angel %ape s]5e ,paus$ a:ile to he>4 8,:at good *ild is ?is80 ! angel said1 8,t1 ) happy he>t1 beside h] b$ ,prays s lov+ly80 ,l[ & s(t1--,o6 v l[ & s(t1 ,croon$ ! blackbird 9 ! or*>d cr(t1 8,bell1 de> ,bell60 croon$ he4 8,:om ,god's creatures love10 ! angel fair ,murmur$1 8,god do? bless ) angels' c>e2 ,*ild1 ?y b$ %all be ,fold$ safe f h>m4 ,love1 deep & k9d1 ,%all wat* ar\nd1 & leave good gifts beh9d1 ,little ,bell1 = !e40 --,,?omas ,,we/wood4 ,! poem select$ = ?is lesson is suitable = use 9 ?ird1 f\r?1 or fif? grades1 al?\gh ev5 y\ng] *ildr5 enjoy he>+ x read4 ,su* *ildr5 w\ld1 h[ev]1 f9d difficulty 9 a detail$ /udy1 su* z is sugge/$ 9 ?is ex]cise4 ,! poem may be us$ simply z a read+ lesson1 or x may be read1 /udi$1 & memoriz$ by ! pupils z a language ex]cise4 ,! v>i\s advantages ( ! /udy are indicat$ 9 ! foll[+ sugge/ions1 :i* are int5d$ to indicate m]ely "s ( ! diff]5t modes ( treatm5t :i* may be attempt$ 9 language tea*+4 ,,! ,,?\ght ,,9 ,,! ,,poem4 ,z 9 all lessons1 ! *ildr5 %\ld read ! entire poem1 or he> x read1 be=e any detail$ /udy is attempt$4 ,?is is done 9 ord] t ! poem may be pres5t$ to !m z a :ole1 giv+ its ?\ght or tell+ its message4 ,aft] su* read+1 e v]se & ^w w assume its rightful place 9 ! description ( ! /ory4 ,o!rwise1 giv5 sep>ately1 ! words lose ! mean+ :i* !y are int5d$ to convey4 ,a poem1 l a picture1 %\ld be pres5t$ z a :ole1 & nev] dissect$1 9 ! fir/ lesson4 ,x is wise1 sometimes1 to read & to re-read )\t note or comm5t2 !n to lay aside ! book & leave ! *ildr5 to recall ! /ory1 & to accu/om !mselves to its pictures4 ,at ! next lesson1 ! tea*] may "q1 foll[+ out any ( ! sugge/$ l9es ( "w4 ,! important motive is to get ! message :i* ! au?or int5d$ to give u 9 ! poem4 ,ev]y?+ else mu/ be subord9ate to ?is purpose4 ,any supplem5t>y tea*+ :i* draws ! att5tion away f ! poem1 creat+ a sep>ate c5tre ( int]e/1 is excessive4 ,all illu/ration & explanation %\ld be int5d$ simply to ?r[ light ^u ! poem1 mak+ ! pictures m vivid & ! message m pla94 ,! ?\ght 9 ?is poem is v evid5t1 ev5 to ! *ildr54 ,9 ! fir/ /anza ! blackbird on ! bee*wood spray introduces u to ! pretty maid1 8sl[ w&]+0 8 way4 ,%e is little ,bell4 ,sitt+ d[n b5ea? ! rocks1 %e asks ! blackbird = 8 be/ song4 ,! bonny bird p\rs 8 full he>t out freely1 :ile1 9 ! little *ildi% he>t bel[1 all ! sweetness seems to gr[ & gr[1 & %9e =? 9 happy ov]fl[ f ! blue1 bright eyes4 ,! squirrel sw+s & leaps & frolics 9 ! glade1 & at ! *ild's bidd+ drops d[n great ripe nuts into h] lap4 ,! blackbird pipes to see ! fun4 ,! *ild %>es h] treasures ) ! squirrel & ! bird1 & aga9 ! poet tells u 8,9 ! little *ildi% he>t bel[ ,all ! sweetness seem$ to gr[ & gr[1 ,& %9e out 9 happy ov]fl[ ,f h] blue1 bright eyes40 ,:51 at close ( day1 ! *ild kneels to pray beside h] sn[-:ite cot1 an angel pauses to he>1 & asks :at good *ild prays s lov+ly beside h] b$4 ,! blackbird answ]s f ! or*>d cr(t1 8,bell1 de> ,bell60 8,:om ,god's creatures love1 ,god do? bless ) angels' c>e10 ! angel murmur$4 8,*ild1 ?y b$ %all be fold$ safe f h>m4 ,love1 deep & k9d1 %all wat* ar\nd1 & leave good gifts beh9d1 little ,bell1 = !e40 ,ev5 ! little *ildr5 s5se ! mean+ ( ! poem4 ,!y h already le>n$ t love w9s love & makes fri5ds1 & !y feel x to be bo? natural & j t ! lov+ little ,bell %all be %ield$ f all h>m1 & %elt]$ by lov+ ?\ght4 ,! eld] *ildr5 may be rem9d$ ( ,sidney ,lani]'s poem1 8,h[ ,love ,s\ght = ,hell10 fail+ to f9d x because :]ev] 8 pres5ce came !re 7 k9dness & light4 ,! little ones are rem9d$ t ! mirror gives back smile = smile1 & fr[n = fr[n4 ,x is h>dly necess>y to 8po9t ! moral & adorn ! tale40 ,! poet has repeat$ 9 ! self-same words ! l9es :i* %[ h[ ! *ild grew 9 sweetness z %e play$ s lov+ly ) h] woodl& fri5ds4 ,= _m classes x w\ld be en\gh to talk ( ! poem until ! *ildr5 7 possess$ ( ?is ?\ght1 or r ?is feel+1 & !n leave x to d its own "w4 ,9 ?is case1 h[ev]1 ! poem s]ves z a text = ! lesson1 & we %all consid] o!r phases4 ,! ,pictures 9 ! ,poem4 ,! poem takes u at once to ! woods :]e ! blackbird pipes on ! bee*wood spray4 ,we see ! rocks1 ! dell1 ! glade1 ! trees1 ! hazel %ade1 & are made acqua9t$ ) ! blackbird & ! squirrel4 ,pla9ly1 ! sett+ ( ! poem is cle>e/ to ^? *ildr5 :o !mselves h play$ 9 ! woods2 :o h he>d ! blackbird s+1 & h se5 ! squirrel leap f b\gh to b\gh4 ,! bee*wood spray1 ! hazel %ade1 ! dell1 ! glade1 ! f]n1 are already famili> to su* *ildr51 & ne$ no lesson to introduce !m4 ,b if ! t5em5t h\se1 ! n>r[ alley1 ! brick walls1 & ! noisy /reet h be5 ! famili> surr\nd+s ( ! *ildr51 & if ! c\ntry seems z f> away to !m z ,p>adise1 ! poem is writt5 9 a =eign tongue4 ,) su* *ildr51 o!r lessons are necess>y be=e any su* selection is read or memoriz$4 ,^! lessons may n be giv5 at ! "t ( ! read+--f> bett] n2 b !y %\ld prec$e ! read+ 9 ! tea*]'s plan1 & ! "y read] %\ld ent] ^u ?is lesson equipp$ ) "s k ( ! bird1 ! squirrel1 & ! woods4 ,9 ano!r *apt]1 some?+ has be5 said ( ! necessity ( su* tea*+1 & ( ! way 9 :i* su* lessons may be conduct$4 ,! sugge/ion is made "h simply to emphasize ?is tru?3 t obs]vation ( nature is ess5tial to ! int]pretation ( lit]ature4 ,/udy ( ! ,vocabul>y ( ! ,poem4 ,al?\gh ! pupils may be prep>$ by _! out-(-door exp]i5ce to und]/& ! poem1 !y w1 nev]!less1 be met by a new difficulty 9 ! read+4 ,! language ( lit]ature diff]s f t to :i* !y h be5 accu/om$ 9 conv]sation4 ,! t5d5cy ( our s*ool read]s & *ildr5's books is (t5 to remove su* difficulties f ! pa? ( ! *ildr54 ,! lessons are express$ 9 words already famili> to ! *ildr51 & 9 colloquial =ms4 ,:ile ?is practice r5d]s ! fir/ lessons 9 read+ easy1 x makes ! entrance to lit]ature difficult4 ,_m expressions are entirely =eign to ! *ild's e>1 & !re=e un9telligible1 ev5 :5 ! /ory is attractive4 ,! poem :i* we are us+ = illu/ration conta9s _m words & phrases :i* ! *ildr5 h n met 9 _! ord9>y read+4 ,^! mu/ be expla9$ & _! mean+ made famili> to ! *ildr54 8#8,:at's y\r "n8' quo? he02 8/op1 & /raight unfold02 8%[]y curls ( gold02 8gleam+ gold5 locks02 8bonny bird02 8blackbird pip$02 8dell02 8glade02 8hazel %ade02 8void ( fe>02 8hies02 8gold5 woodlights02 8ad[n ! tree02 8playmates twa902 8an angel %ape02 8croon$ ! blackbird 9 ! or*>d cr(t10 are "s ( ^!4 ,x may n be necess>y nor wise 9 mo/ classes to /udy all ^! expressions m9utely1 b !y %\ld become pla9 to ! *ildr5 s t !y may pla9ly speak ! message ( ! poem1 & pres5t no difficulty if met else:]e4 ,s ) ! figurative expressions3 8,! bird did p\r 8 full he>t out freely02 8! sweetness did %9e =? 9 happy ov]fl[02 8?y b$ %all be fold$ safe f h>m02 8/op1 & /raight unfold40 ,!re is no reason :y ! "y read]s %\ld n come to realize ! picture 9 ^! figurative expressions1 to comp>e _! sev]al words ) ! figure :i* ! poet has us$1 & to beg9 to s5se ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! pla91 /raight=w>d spee* & ! pictur$ v]ses ( ! poet4 ,su* /udy1 h[ev] simple1 w help ! *ildr5 to "s appreciation ( ! beauty ( expression1 :i* is "o *>m ( lit]ature4 ,f :at has be5 said1 x w be rightly judg$ t ! poem af=ds a basis ( sev]al lessons1 all ( value 9 diff]5t directions4 ,x may n be wise to make a detail$ & c>eful /udy ( e poem :i* is read or memoriz$ by ! *ildr51 b "s tea*+ 9 ! l9es sugge/$ is indisp5sable to intellig5t read+ on ! "p ( ! *ildr54 ,! phrases :i* are s famili> to u (t5 sugge/ a v curi\s idea to ! *ildr54 ,?is int]pretation is %[n :5 !y draw pictures to repres5t ! sc5es ( ! poem4 ,9 a c]ta9 s*ool1 ! tea*] read a /ory to ! *ildr5 conta9+ ! expression1 88 "m gave him leave to g40 ,! *ild drew ! "m 9 ! act ( pres5t+ a leaf to ! boy4 8,fret-"w10 said ! boy :o read 8,sir ,launfal0 = ! fir/ "t1 8fret-"w is "w t makes y fret02 :ile ! *ild :o drew ! picture ( ! h>e & ! tortoise repres5t$ a turtle & a boy ) bu%y hair4 ,ref]5ce has be5 made else:]e to ! kid on ! ro( ( ! h\se :i* 0 pictur$ z a little boy2 & ! writ] rememb]s ! pictures :i* 7 drawn by *ildr5 9 illu/ration ( ! above poem1 repres5t+ ! angels ) webb$ feet4 ,^! items are int5d$ simply to sugge/ t ! *ild's crude notion is (t5 v diff]5t f ! mean+ :i* ! ^w or phrase conveys to u4 ,we %\ld be grateful = ! frank "q or ! crude rem>k :i* betrays ! *ild's mi/ake1 & %\ld be c>eful to secure su* confid5ce & fre$om 9 our classes z w enable u to discov] :at ! *ildr5 are really ?9k+4 ,aft] read+ & discuss+ ! poem1 ! *ildr5 may memorize x4 ,at ?is juncture x is wise = ! tea*] to read x to ! *ildr5 aga9 & aga9 9 ord] t !y may get "s notion ( ! prop] read+4 ,! *ildr5's recitation w incl9e to adopt ! virtues ( ! tea*]'s read+2 ! faults w be imitat$1 also4 ,if1 aft] su* /udy & su* memoriz+1 ! words ( ! poem appe> n[ & !n 9 ! *ildr5's conv]sation or writ+1 let u rejoice2 = ?is means n simply t new words h be5 add$ to ! vocabul>y1 b t ! *ild has a new conception ( beauty ( ?\ght & spee*4 ,illu/ration ,we're made s t we love ,fir/ :5 we see !m pa9t$1 ?+s we h pass$ ,p]haps a hundr$ times nor c>$ to see2 ,god uses u to help ea* o!r s1 ,l5d+ our m9ds out4 --,,rob]t ,,br[n+4 ,illu/ration ,,*apt] ,,ix4 ,,! ,,/udy ,,( ,,pictures ,*ildr5 delight 9 pictures4 ,e *ild-lov] kn[s h[ int5tly & ) :at delight ! baby's eyes gaze ^u ! pages ( ! belov$ picture book1 long be=e ! words :i* describe ! picture c be spok5 or ev5 und]/ood by ! "y /ud5t4 ,! *ildi% *att] is an attempt to express ! delight 9 ! treasure & ! ?\ghts sugge/$ by ! picture4 ,z ! *ild gr[s old]1 pictures cont9ue to be a s\rce ( pleasure4 ,he names ! famili> objects1 talks ab\t !m1 asks que/ions ab\t !m4 ,?us he unconsci\sly gr[s 9 ! p[] to see & to tell :at he sees1 taught by ! _m will+ help]s :o turn ! pages ( 8 book & int]pret its pictures4 ,_m a new idea creeps into ! *ild's m9d by ! pa? ( ! picture book4 ,_m an object :i* w\ld be entirely =eign to 8 exp]i5ce o!rwise1 becomes famili> ?r\gh its pages4 ,e new book put into 8 h&s is fir/ *all5g$ by him to discov] :e!r x conta9s pictures1 & x is ! pictures t fir/ excite 8 desire to le>n to read ! /ory :i* !y illu/rate4 ,we _c e/imate ! contribution :i* su* books make to bo? k & vocabul>y4 ,mo/ ( u c ?9k ( sc5es :i* we "k only ?r\gh _! pictur$ semblances1 yet seem to "k well4 ,we c rememb] our fir/ glimpses ( sc5es t pictures _h made famili>4 ,h[ fri5dly1 h[ well kn[n !y seem$6 ,h[ we 7 us$ to !m6 ,niag>a1 ,we/m9/] ,abbey1 ! ,pyramids1 ! ,alps1 are kn[n to _m ( u only ?r\gh pictures4 ,are we entirely ignorant1 !n1 ( _! beauty or _! gr&eur8 ,:5 our eyes fir/ look ^u !m1 %all we n greet !m z already a "p ( our possession8 ,we h be5 sl[1 9 our s*ool "w1 to foll[ ! tea*+ ( *ildr5's exp]i5ce4 ,al?\gh we h always kn[n & always recogniz$ ! *ild's int]e/ 9 pictures1 we h n us$ !m 9 ! s*ool-room to ! ext5t t !y might h be5 us$1 nor 9 su* a mann] z to yield ! greate/ advantage4 ,! writ] rememb]s a class ( *ildr5 9 ^: h&s 7 plac$ "s new read]s beautifully illu/rat$ ) full-page pictures4 ,! new books1 :i* _h j be5 br\ght into ! room1 7 giv5 to ! *ildr5 ) ! brief direction1 8,turn to page #he & beg9 read+ at ! top ( ! page40 8,!irs n to reason :y1 ,!irs n to make reply40 ,! ob$i5t f+]s turn$ to ! page indicat$1 & ! curi\s eyes 7 all[$ no mom5t to l+] ov] ! pages :i* tempt$ !m ) _! fasc9at+ pictures4 ,yet "h 0 ! 8,delectable ,l&10 :i* might h be5 op5$ to !m to _! la/+ advantage4 ,"h ! *ildr5's int]e/ 0 assur$1 & no artificial inc5tive ne$$ to be pres5t$4 ,ano!r class1 "u simil> conditions1 _h a diff]5t exp]i5ce4 8,"h are new books10 ! tea*] said to ! *ildr54 8,y w enjoy read+ ^! /ories1 ,i "k4 ,b y w f9d pictures 9 !m z well z /ories4 ,be=e we read let u look at ! pictures & enjoy !m40 ,! *ildr5 eag]ly op5$ ! books4 ,!y f\nd1 z a frontispiece1 a copy ( ,rosa ,bonheur's 8,norman ,sire40 ,! *ildr5 talk$ ab\t ! picture1 comp>$ ! horse ) horses t !y knew1 admir$ ! noble head1 ! f9e eyes4 ,z !y turn$ ! pages ( _! books !y f\nd o!r pictures ( animals1 8,! ,lions at ,home0 & 8,com+ f ! ,fair40 ,_! comm5ts 7 free1 _! que/ions ready4 ,nobody ?\ght ( ! picture z a picture4 ,! conv]sation c5tr$ ab\t lions & horses only1 & express$ ! *ildr5's int]e/ 9 animals4 ,x 0 ! tea*] :o call$ ! att5tion ( ! *ildr5 to ! "n writt5 und]nea? ! fir/ picture1 8,rosa ,bonheur40 ,?is1 !y inf]r$1 mu/ be ! "n ( ! "o :o made ! picture4 ,! tea*] !n expla9$ t ! pictures 9 ! book 7 copi$ f photographs ( ! orig9al pictures :i* ! arti/ pa9t$4 ,if ! *ildr5 7 to see ! pa9t+ !y w\ld f9d x color$ & mu* l>g] ?an ! copies4 ,look+ aga9 & ) a new int]e/ at ! o!r pictures1 ! *ildr5 discov]$ ! same "n writt5 bel[ !m4 8,did ,rosa ,bonheur pa9t ?is picture1 too80 8,& ?is80 8,did %e pa9t any o!rs80 8,does %e pa9t n[80 ,^! que/ions answ]$1 ! *ildr5 ask$1 8,:o pa9t$ ! picture ( ! little girl t5d+ ! baby80 8,is ?is ! pa9t]'s "n "u ! picture80 8,yes1 ,mey] von ,brem54 ,on ?is page y w f9d ano!r picture ( 840 ,! *ildr5 f\nd ! picture ( 8,! ,pet ,can>y10 & talk$ e>ne/ly ab\t x4 8,i l t picture4 ,i wond] if ?is is ! same little girl40 8,:at que] *airs60 8,:at a funny w9d[60 8,?is girl has be5 knitt+1 too40 ,! tea*] ?rew "s light ^u ! ,g]man int]ior1 expla9+ t ?is 0 a picture ( a home 9 ! c\ntry :]e ! arti/ liv$4 ,!n %e que/ion$1 8,:at did ,mey] von ,brem5 pa9t = y80 8,*ildr510 0 ! ready response4 8,& :at did ,rosa ,bonheur pa9t80 8,animals10 came q z readily4 8,d ! pictures tell y any?+ ab\t ! arti/s80 ,! *ildr5 hesitat$4 8,y rememb] #8,! ,*ildr5's ,h\r'80 sugge/$ ! tea*]4 8,y ?\ght t ,mr4 ,longfell[ wrote ab\t *ildr50--8,because he lov$ *ildr510 volunte]$ a *ild1 z ! tea*] paus$4 8,i %\ld ?9k ,mey] von ,brem5 lik$ *ildr51 too10 obs]v$ ano!r1 ?\ghtfully4 8,& ,rosa ,bonheur mu/ l animals10 add$ a ?ird4 ,!y turn$ aga9 to ! pictures1 & decid$1 aft] "s discussion1 t ,rosa ,bonheur n only lov$ animals1 b 0 able to make u love !m bett] by h] pa9t+4 ,! books 7 clos$ & c>efully put away till "t c\ld be giv5 = ! read+1 :i* ! *ildr5 n[ s e>ne/ly desir$4 ,! lesson _h be5 a simple "o4 ,to "s casual obs]v]s x might h seem$ no lesson at all4 8,j look+ at pictures60 ,b x op5$ to ! pupils a new l9e ( ?\ght1 & s]v$ to illum9ate bo? picture & text4 ,:5 ! *ildr5 read1 ! pictures1 n[ made to int]pret ! text1 !mselves became tea*]s4 ,?\gh seem+ly incid5tal1 ! lesson po9t$ t[>d su* /udy ( pictures z %\ld obta9 9 e s*ool4 ,"o ( ! greate/ pleasures ( life is ! delight 9 art1 ! creations ( m9ds t enjoy ! beautiful1 & "k h[ to make ! _w beautiful = o!rs4 ,we h le>n$ to give to "y *ildr5 ! poems :i* ! _w treasures4 ,!y commit ^! to memory4 ,!y le>n to s+ ! hymns :i* ! greate/ ( musicians h compos$4 ,9 poetry1 9 music1 we h begun to le>n h[ to tea*4 ,b %\ld we n tea* ! *ildr5 to "k & to love good pictures1 z well z good poems & good music8 ,9 too _m ( our homes ! picture is a /rang]4 ,su* tea*+ z t5ds to int]e/ ! *ildr5 9 ! picture gall]y or ! art museum op5s ano!r av5ue ( pleasure & pr(it1 adds "o m res\rce to ! lives :i* mu/ (t5 be h9d]$ & b\nd4 ,by all means1 let u beg9 x1 & le>n h[ to use ! weal? ( mat]ial :i* lies at our h&4 ,9 a ,bo/on s*ool ! tea*] has e/abli%$ a loan collection ( pictures4 ,! *ildr5 h ! privilege ( keep+ = a week ! fram$ pictures :i* !y *oose to c>ry home4 ,!y le>n to enjoy ! pictures1 &1 s to speak1 to read !m4 ,!y look ) new int]e/ at all o!r pictures :i* come 9 _! way1 comp>+ !m ) ! ones !y h come to "k4 ,!y visit ! art museum & /udy ! orig9al f :i* _! pictures are copi$4 ,_! lives are enri*$ by su* tea*+1 _! m9ds are furni%$ ) pleasant memories1 & _! love ( ! beautiful is set gr[+4 ,su* /udy has a legitimate place 9 ! s*ool curriculum4 ,happily1 x is n[ emphasiz$ 9 "s degree 9 ! ,draw+4 ,x %\ld also appe> 9 connection ) ! ,read+4 ,! picture is int5d$ to ?r[ light ^u ! lesson :i* is illu/rat$4 ,! *ildr5 %\ld be taught to read ! picture z well z to read ! /ory4 ,geography1 z x is pres5t$ 9 good s*ools ( ! pres5t day1 well illu/rates ! necessity4 ,! picture is (t5 a photographic reproduction ( ! m\nta91 ! cascade1 ! geys]1 ! surf4 ,! text describes1 z cle>ly z words c describe1 b ! picture is f> m fai?ful4 ,x br+s ! sc5e be=e ! eyes ( ! *ild1 :ile words1 misappli$ or misund]/ood1 (t5 build a wall betwe5 ! pupil & ! sc5e :i* !y attempt to portray4 ,if ! *ildr5 le>n to see all t ! picture conta9s1 !y are help$ 9 _! /udy ( ! text4 ,x is ! "p ( wisdom1 f ! tea*]'s po9t ( view1 to make mu* ( ^! aids1 ev5 if k gett+ is ! "o goal 9 sight4 ,x c h>dly be d\bt$1 h[ev]1 t all tea*]s w recognize ! great] ne$ :i* is satisfi$ by su* in/ruction4 ,to "k & to love ^! ?+s s well wor? kn[+ & lov+ is q z wor?y ( a*ievem5t z ! ma/]y ( equations or ! demon/ration ( a !orem4 ,if ! ,draw+ does n admit ( ! tea*+ sugge/$1 ! ,language ,lesson1 ev] hospitably incl9$1 may be ext5d$ to include ! /udy ( ! picture4 ,e tea*] kn[s be/ :at pictures %e desires to pres5t to h] class1 b1 f common exp]i5ce1 a few inf]5ces may be made4 ,c]ta9ly ! picture *os5 = initial /udy %\ld be "o ^: subject is int]e/+ to ! *ildr51 a picture :i* repres5ts action or sugge/s a /ory4 ,su* pictures are ,s*rey]'s 8,imp]ial ,c\ri]10 ,mey] von ,brem5's 8,little ,nurse10 ,millet's 8,angelus10 ,l&se]'s 8,sav$40 ,aft] ! *ildr5 h become int]e/$ 9 ! picture !y w wi% to le>n :o pa9t$ x1 j z !y desire to "k ab\t ! poet1 aft] !y h come to enjoy ! poem4 ,!n !y are ready to look at ! repr9ts ( ! o!r works ( ! arti/1 reg>dless ( subject1 & to ask que/ions ab\t ! arti/ & 8 works4 ,s ! int]e/ deep5s & ! /udy gr[s1 foll[+ ?is natural ord]4 ,=tunately ! abundance ( *eap good repr9ts1 & ! c>eful illu/ration ( text-books1 place ! means = su* /udy )9 ! rea* ( e tea*] & pupil4 ,x w n be long be=e ! picture w take its prop] place ) ! song & ! poem z a factor 9 elem5t>y education4 ,he t love? a book w nev] want a fai?ful fri5d1 a :olesome c\nsellor1 a *e]ful companion1 an effectual com=t]4 ,by /udy1 by read+1 by ?9k+1 "o may innoc5tly div]t & pleasantly ent]ta9 himself1 z 9 all wea!rs1 s 9 all =tunes4 --,,isaac ,,burr[s4 ,illu/ration ,,*apt] ,x4 ,,h9ts ,,= ,,read+ ,,lessons4 ,words at ! ,head ( ! ,lesson4 ,x is n uncommon to f9d ! li/s ( words :i* prec$e or foll[ ! lessons ( ! s-call$ 8regul> read]0 us$ z ! only basis ( ! /udy ( ! lesson4 ,?is w\ld be wise if ! li/s enum]at$ ! only or ! *ief ob/acles to ! *ildr5's und]/&+ ( ! lesson4 ,b z a matt] ( fact1 !y mu/ v>y greatly 9 value1 sometimes be>+ no relation to ! real ne$s ( ! individual class4 ,!y are prep>$ ) ! av]age *ild 9 m9d1 b z "s "o has humor\sly said1 8,! av]age *ild does n exi/40 ,!y may prove v helpful to "o class1 & ( no possible use to ano!r4 ,exam9e any su* li/ ) ref]5ce to y\r own class1 or ask ! *ildr5 to /udy ! li/ ) y4 ,y f9d t ! fir/ ^w is an old fri5d1 ! second is made up ( two kn[n words1 ! ?ird is unfamili> 9 bo? mean+ & =m1 ! f\r? pres5ts a v>iation f ! ord9>y rule ( spell+1 ! fif? & ! six? are easy to ma/] or are already well kn[n4 ,aft] su* a survey1 ! ?\ghtful pupil w 8/udy0 ! ?ird & f\r? critically & c>efully1 ! o!rs hav+ be5 dispos$ ( 9 ! fir/ read+4 ,su* an ex]cise is pr(itable1 des]v+ ! "n ( /udy4 ,! r\t9e direction1 8,/udy ! words at ! head ( ! lesson tw5ty times1 & copy !m five times10 leads to c>eless dron+ ov] ! page & ends 9 prev5t+ any intellig5t /udy4 ,read+ 8,)\t ! ,book40 ,a visitor 9 a prim>y s*ool 0 a/oni%$ by ! rapid & flu5t read+ ( a five-ye>-old :o deliv]$ 8,! ,/ory ( a ,dog0 ) rem>kable ease & precision4 8,may ,i see y\r book80 ! visitor ask$4 ,! little lad pass$ ! book to h] ) smil+ cons5t4 8,b10 %e exclaim$1 8!re is no?+ "h t y h read40 8,de> me60 cri$ ! *ild1 look+ at ! picture1 8,i got ! wrong dog40 ,! writ] rememb]s a *ild :o expla9$ ) *>m+ navet1 8,i c read my read] all ?r\gh )\t ! book40 ,^u be+ te/$1 he prov$ 8 /atem5t4 ,! con/ant repetition ( ! pages ( ! 8regul> read]0 soon imp>ts ?is fatal facility1 :i* (t5 completely deceives ! tea*]4 ,! ability to repeat ! /ory1 ^w = ^w1 does n necess>ily involve ! p[] to recognize ! words on any page4 ,! *ildr5 simply memorize ! s5t5ces to :i* !y h s (t5 li/5$1 & are recit+ by rote1 n read+4 ,j "h ! new lesson writt5 ^u ! bo>d1 or ! supplem5t>y read+ book1 is effective4 ,! new arrangem5t ( famili> words dem&s ?\ghtful att5tion1 & s]ves !re=e z a te/ ( skill4 ,! tea*] %\ld gu>d aga9/ ! common t5d5cy to use a s+le lesson until x becomes useless4 ,^w ,/udy ap>t f ! ,read+ ,lesson4 ,if ! words :i* occur 9 ! read+ lesson pres5t su* difficulty to ! *ildr5 t _! fir/ ef=ts 9 read+ are s]i\sly h9d]$1 x is wise to make ! ^w /udy a sep>ate ex]cise1 prep>+ = ! s-call$ read+ lesson4 ,?is prep>atory lesson1 (t5 call$ 8! developm5t lesson10 %\ld make ! pupils s famili> ) ! =m ( ! ^w t x at once sugge/s ! mean+4 ,if ! mean+ itself is new1 !re is ne$ also ( ! explanatory or illu/rative lesson4 ,x may be wise to repeat ! sugge/ion t ! explanation does n always expla91 & t special illu/ration is necess>y 9 pres5t+ new ideas to ! *ildr54 ,9 any case1 h[ev]1 ! "t tak5 = 8s\nd+0 ! ^w1 or ! necessity = expla9+ its mean+1 is an int]ruption to ! read+ z ?\ght gett+1 & %\ld be r$uc$ to ! l[e/ t]ms 9 ! read+ ex]cise4 ,! bett] plan1 ) classes ( "y *ildr51 is to arrange a sep>ate "t = ^w /udy1 z a prelim9>y to individual /udy ( ! lesson4 ,:]e x is possible to secure ! necess>y "t1 ! ord] ( ! "w might be z foll[s3 #a4 ,class /udy ( new words1 ) explanation & illu/ration by ! tea*] :5 necess>y4 #b4 ,individual /udy ( ! lesson at desks1 or 8busy "w0 employ+ new words4 #c4 ,read+ ! lesson :i* has be5 /udi$4 #d4 ,supplem5t>y read+1 sight read+1 or review4 ,?is plan is especially adapt$ to ! fir/ ye> ( s*ool1 :]e ! "t is l>gely giv5 to language & read+4 ,9 ! class /udy phonics f9ds its prop] "t & place4 ,9 ! seat "w *ildr5 make "s application ( ! k j acquir$4 ,:5 ! read+ ex]cise takes place1 ! "t %\ld be giv5 to read+1 ! att5tion be+ held to ! ?\ght 9 ! lesson4 ,supplem5t>y & ,sight ,read+4 ,! supplem5t>y book is int5d$ to af=d v>iety 9 practice = ! "y read]s1 & to prev5t ! memoriz+ process1 ) its h9drance to read+4 ,its use dep5ds ^u circum/ances4 ,x %\ld sometimes be us$ z is ! 8regul> read]03 /udi$1 read1 & re-read--t is1 if x is wor? re-read+4 ,x may be giv5 to ! pupils = sil5t read+ only1 or = individual read+ :5 o!r "w is done4 ,select$ lessons f ! supplem5t>y read+ may alt]nate ) ^? ( ! m famili> book1 or ! books may be *ang$ f week to week4 ,9 8sight read+10 s call$1 ! book s]ves simply z a te/ ( ! pupil's p[] to read at sight1 )\t def9ite prep>ation 9 ! way ( /udy4 ,su* ex]cises %\ld1 ( c\rse1 pres5t no new difficulty :i* dem&s /udy4 ,z soon z ?is becomes necess>y1 ! "* ( ! ex]cise is *ang$1 & x becomes a 8/udy ( a lesson0 in/ead ( a te/ or review4 ,! tea*] %\ld select1 = sight read+1 mat]ial ( a simpl] sort ?an t :i* is dem&$ 9 ! curr5t ex]cises 9 read+ at t p]iod4 ,second ,grade classes may read ,fir/ ,read]s4 ,?ird ,grade classes may use ,second ,read]s1 & s on4 ,( c\rse ?is provision becomes useless z soon z ! pupils h pass$ ! 8le>n+ to read0 /age1 & are read+ = ! sake ( ?\ght gett+ only1 )\t ref]5ce to tra9+ 9 p[] to read4 ,!n ! supplem5t>y books %\ld be *os5 purely ) an eye to ?r[+ light on o!r subjects /udi$1 or = _! lit]>y value1 & pleasure 9 read+4 ,m5tion has be5 made else:]e ( ! value ( s*ool libr>ies z an aid to ! read+ habit4 ,"h ! ,supplem5t>y ,read] loses its title1 & advances to ! grade ( a 8real book40 ,n[ ! cultivation ( ! read+ habit & ! love ( books is an imm$iate aim1 & ! book ceases to s]ve z a te/ m]ely4 ,x is a means to an end1 an in/rum5t by ^: use new k c be ga9$ or ! pleasure ( life enhanc$4 ,!re=e x is wise to sp5d c>efully ! money devot$ to books1 buy+ few ( a k9d1 & _m k9ds n[4 ,= ref]5ce1 = individual read+1 = read+ to ! class1 ?is collection ( books is invaluable4 ,! skilful tea*] w plan _m ex]cises :i* w rea* f> beyond ! imm$iate lesson 9 _! b5efic5t results4 ,read+ ,poetry4 ,among ! _m s*ool-room ex]cises :i* yield pres5t pr(it1 none o!r cont9ues its divid5ds s f> into ! future z does ! intellig5t read+ & memoriz+ ( a good poem4 ,x has be5 urg$ else:]e t ! tea*] %\ld frequ5tly read good poetry to ! *ildr51 (t5 )\t comm5t1 b sometimes repeat+ ! read+ aga9 & aga91 until ! *ildr5 become famili> ) ! rhy?m1 "q ! mean+1 & are ready to memorize ! poem4 ,su* ex]cises are imm$iately helpful 9 o!r read+1 :ile !y /ore ! /urdy "y memory ) treasures1 promis+ enjoym5t = future ye>s1 :i* c be ga9$ 9 no o!r way4 ,*ildhood is ! "o fit season = amass+ su* weal?4 ,x is well = ! *ildr5 if ! tea*] recognizes ?is opportunity4 ,j "h x may be wise to ref] to ! int]e/ :i* att5ds su* ex]cises 9 s*ools :]e e class *ooses a class poet1 read+ & memoriz+ selections f 8 works1 & le>n+ some?+ ab\t 8 life4 ,f ! l[e/ to ! highe/ grade ?is "w proves helpful1 & ! *ildr5's association ) ^! au?ors is nev] =gott54 ,some?+ ! memory w hold1 d :at we may4 ,let u supply mat]ials wor?y to endure1 prev5t+ ! accumulation ( /uff :i* is n m]ely ( indiff]5t value1 b is (t5 positively h>mful4 ,friday ,aft]noons4 ,! old cu/om ( sett+ aside a "p ( ,friday aft]noons = declamation & recitations is rememb]$ ) m+l$ feel+s by ! pupils :o %>$ its advantages4 ,nev]!less ! cu/om %\ld be p]petuat$1 = su* ex]cises af=d an unusual opportunity = practice 9 read+ & recit+ = ! sake ( o!rs4 ,to read al\d s t our he>]s c li/5 ) pleasure1 gives u ! p[] & privilege ( help+ & pleas+ o!rs4 ,no life is )\t su* opportunities4 ,x is wise to emphasize ?is accompli%m5t 9 our s*ools1 & to expect our pupils to become compet5t to r5d] ?is s]vice4 ,any ex]cise :i* accu/oms ! *ildr5 to read+ or recit+ ) ease1 mode/y1 & simplicity1 9 ! pres5ce (1 & = ! sake (1 o!rs1 adds mat]ially to _! ability to make !mselves agreeable z well z useful4 ,! special ex]cise1 :5 "o class ent]ta9s ano!r class 9 ! hall1 or :5 *ildr5 recite = ! audi5ce ( s*oolmates & p>5ts1 diff]s f ! ord9>y ex]cise 9 motive4 ,:y %\ld "o read pla9ly :5 ev]yone else holds a simil> book & is read+ ! same p>agraph8 ,b to read to ^? :o h no book1 h nev] read ! /ory1 or really desire to he> x1 t is ano!r matt]4 ,s1 ) no artificial mann]1 voice1 or ge/ure1 b ) a pure & simple desire to please1 let ! *ildr5 read & recite to "o ano!r1 or to o!r classes1 at lea/ once a week1 until ! ex]cise becomes z natural z brea?+4 ,& let ! p[] to ?us m9i/] to o!rs become "o ( ! common atta9m5ts ( our pupils4 ,*ildr5 z ,tea*]s4 ,! *ild's int]pretation ( t :i* he reads is (t5 v diff]5t f ! tea*]'s4 ,yet 8 r5d]+ does n always disclose 8 ?\ght4 ,conv]sation reg>d+ ! lesson br+s out ! *ildr5's notions1 if !re is fre$om & confid5ce 9 ! pres5ce ( ! tea*]4 ,b no?+ else af=ds s mu* light on ! subject z ! *ildr5's own que/ions1 if !y are all[$ to "q "o ano!r4 ,:]e ! tea*] monopolizes ! que/ions1 %e (t5 monopolizes ! ?9k+1 too4 ,let ! *ildr5 act ! "p ( ! tea*]1 & z !y "q "o ano!r1 _! own ideas w appe>1 :ile ! tea*] :o li/5s ?\ghtfully w be able to tea* accord+ to ! revelation :i* %e he>s4 ,managem5t ( ! ,read+ ,class4 ,! ab&onm5t ( conc]t read+ at once necessitates ! reorganization ( ! read+ class4 8,if ,i _c h my *ildr5 read 9 conc]t10 "o que/ions1 8h[ c ,i keep !m int]e/$ & att5tive ?r\gh ! long read+ h\r80 ,! way ( escape f ! difficulty is a simple "o4 ,d n expect to arrange to h fifty pupils read at "o p]iod1 unless !re is "s "w wor? do+ to dem& _! att5tion4 ,! plan ( "w w v>y ) ! grade ( ! class & ! aim ( ! lesson4 ,is ! tea*]'s purpose to introduce ! class to ! lesson ?\ght8 ,to tea* !m h[ to /udy ! lesson8 ,to discov] :at words or phrases or turns ( expression pres5t ob/acles to ! le>n]s8 ,!n fifty may be taught & que/ion$ z well z "o1 & j z long z g5]al int]e/ & att5tion c be ma9ta9$--no long]4 ,is ! aim ( ! tea*] to af=d practice 9 oral read+1 by drill+ ^u ! r5d]+ ( a c]ta9 p>agraph8 ,!n let h] limit ! class to t5 or twelve at mo/1 leav+ ! o!r pupils to busy !mselves ) writt5 "w :i* admits ( def9ite accompli%m5t4 ,all pupils become we>y ( ! c\ntless repetitions ( _! mates1 9 _! /umbl+ practice4 ,!y le>n *iefly ?r\gh _! own do+1 ! correction ( _! own mi/akes4 ,& :ile ! drill is conf9$ to ! few1 8,satan f9ds "s mis*ief /ill ,= idle m9ds to d40 ,s ! old hymn might be v>i$ by ! exp]i5c$ tea*] :o rememb]s unnumb]$ cases ( discipl9e :i* h aris5 f ! monoton\s drill ex]cises 9 :i* ! wits ( ! majority ( ! class 7 unemploy$4 ,by all means1 9 su* cases1 drill a few pupils at a "t1 & let ! o!rs be pr(itably employ$ 9 consci\s endeavor to accompli% some?+4 ,9 old] classes :]e ! read+ has pass$ ! elem5t>y /age1 & ! pupils are read+ = in=mation or enjoym5t1 nei!r l5g? ( lesson nor numb] ( pupils ne$ be consid]$4 ,"h1 )\t d\bt1 ! int]e/ 9 ! subject w be p>am\nt1 & 8me?od0 may be =gott54 ,n[ ! *ildr5 read = ! love ( read+1 & ! only gauge ( "t or numb] is ! tea*]'s p[] to int]e/ h] class4 ,! "o aim is to get ! message f ! book1 & to make x pla9 to ^? :o he>4 ,desire is ! spur to endeavor1 & att5tion is at ! comm& ( int]e/4 ,! tea*]'s "o secret is ! art ( mak+ h] pupils book lov]s4 ,conc]t ,read+4 ,to save "t1 9 ! hurri$ day ) its cr[d$ program1 is ! tea*]'s con/ant desire1 & x is n rem>kable t1 "u pressure1 a*ievem5t is measur$ by c\nt+ ! m9utes ( recitation & numb]+ ! facts le>n$ or ! que/ions answ]$4 ,x is a common error to assume t m]e lip repetition is valuable drill1 & t 8practice makes p]fect10 ev5 :5 ! practice is indiff]5t or unwise4 ,quantity is c>efully measur$1 :ile quality is ignor$1 9 su* drill4 ,to ?is mi/ak5 e/imate ! wide preval5ce ( conc]t recitation is due4 ,if ?irty *ildr5 read at "o "t1 x w\ld seem t ! recitation accompli%es ?irty times z mu* z w\ld be accompli%$ by a s+le recitation 9 ! same "t4 8,i c\ld n get ?r\gh ) ! lesson10 expla9s ! tea*]1 8if ,i did n h my class read 9 conc]t40 ,! !ory appe>s plausible to ! ma!matical m9d4 ,^u inspection1 h[ev]1 its fail+s appe>4 ,9 :at does ! value ( ! lesson z a read+ lesson consi/8 ,! ex]cise %\ld aid ! *ildr5 9 gett+ ! ?\ght or 9 express+ x flu5tly & naturally4 ,! tea*] %\ld be assur$ t ! m9d ( e read] is intellig5tly active 9 ! ?\ght gett+1 & t ! practice 9 expression is su* z w lead to indep5d5t skill4 ,b obs]ve3 9 conc]t read+ ! individual difficulties are 8skipp$40 ,:ile ,john1 :o fails to recognize a ^w1 falt]s1 hesitates1 & halts1 ,jane1 to :om x is an old fri5d1 m>*es triumphantly on4 ,john takes brea?1 & plunges 9 aga9 :5 8 /umbl+-blocks h be5 safely pass$ 7by 8 comrades74 ,john's a*ievem5t 0 nil1 likewise ,jane's1 = %e knew ! ^w be=e4 ,z a tea*+ ex]cise1 !n1 ! conc]t read+ is ineffective4 ,x is safe to assume t x is difficult if n impossible = any tea*] to "k t all ( h] pupils are really read+ all ! "t dur+ ! conc]t ex]cise1 or t a seem+ly good conc]t ex]cise really proves t all ! memb]s ( ! class c ma/]1 or h ma/]$1 ! lesson4 ,aga91 z a practice 9 expression ! conc]t ex]cise is h>mful1 because x ignores ! individual expression & aims at an av]age movem5t1 inflection1 int]pretation4 ,! product is n ! expression ( ! ?\ght z x appe>s to ,john1 ,jane1 or ,h5ry1 b a composite :i* repres5ts nobody4 ,! sprightly ,kate mu/ wait = ! pond]\s ,phbe2 ! sl[-mov+ ,james mu/ lag beh9d ! animat$ ,jack4 ,let a doz5 tea*]s attempt to read al\d 9 conc]t1 )\t previ\s common tra9+1 & ! /atem5t w ne$ no fur!r argum5t4 ,to ! writ] ! "t giv5 to conc]t read+ 9 ! elem5t>y s*ools seems ill-sp5t4 ,def9ite tea*+ & practice are possible only :5 ! pupils are consid]$ z individuals4 ,dron+ & indiff]5ce are cultivat$ by ! conc]t ex]cise4 ,! above /atem5ts apply to all ex]cises ^: object is to tea* read+4 ,declamation or recitation ( ! poem or p>agraph :i* has be5 /udi$1 read1 & ma/]$ by ! individuals ( ! class1 or :i* pres5ts m]ely an imitation ( ! tea*]'s read+1 is includ$ "u ano!r head4 ,x deals ) kn[n mat]ial1 & presupposes tra9+ :i* leads to a common int]pretation4 ,su* recitation p>takes ( ! nature ( song1 & "h ! p[] to r5d] ! ?\ght 9 unison becomes an elem5t ( value4 ,= su* ex]cises special tra9+ %\ld be giv54 ,9 s*ools :]e x is possible = ! classes to meet 9 ! hall = morn+ ex]cises1 or ev5 9 prep>ation = ! devotional ex]cises ( any s+le class1 su* tra9+ is indisp5sable4 ,to "k h[ to read 9 responsive ex]cises1 to jo9 ) o!rs 9 ! r5dition ( a favorite psalm1 hymn1 or o!r poem1 is no trivial acquisition4 ,x is wor? :ile to include 9 our read+ ex]cises su* lessons z w develop ?is p[]4 ,does ! ord9>y conc]t ex]cise d ?is8 8,my c\ntry tis]ty1 ,sweet lant] libbutty10 a *ild sang happily 9 a prim>y s*ool ! o!r day4 ,^u inve/igation x fell out t sev]al memb]s ( ! class sang ! same comb9ation4 ,a p>allel in/ance 0 report$ rec5tly by a tea*] ^: pupils begg$ to be all[$ to recite 8,!re's an old dude left on ! daisies & clov]40 ,lov]s ( ,jean ,+el['s exquisite 8,songs ( ,sev50 may well take al>m1 & inquire ! cause ( ! difficulty4 ,su* recitation is useless s f> z ! ?\ght 9 ! song is conc]n$4 ,no "t 0 sav$ 9 ^! in/ances by omitt+ ! individual recitation4 ,individual ma/]y ( ! selection %\ld prec$e any ex]cise 9 conc]t read+4 ,x is "o ?+ to own a libr>y2 x is1 h[ev]1 ano!r to use x wisely4 ,if ,i 7 to pray = a ta/e :i* %\ld /& me 9 /ead "u e v>iety ( circum/ances1 & be a s\rce ( happ9ess & *e]fulness to me ?r\gh life1 & a %ield aga9/ its ills1 h[ev] ?+s might g amiss & ! _w fr[n ^u me1 x w\ld be a ta/e = read+4 ,i speak ( x1 ( c\rse1 only z a worldly advantage1 & n 9 ! slighte/ degree sup]s$+ or d]ogat+ f ! high] (fice1 & sur] & /rong] panoply ( religi\s pr9ciples--b z a ta/e1 an in/rum5t1 & a mode ( pleasurable gratification4 ,give a man ?is ta/e & ! means ( gratify+ x1 & y c h>dly fail ( mak+ a happy man4 --,,sir ,,john ,,h]s*el4 ,illu/ration ,,*apt] ,,xi4 ,,! ,,use ,,( ,,! ,,libr>y4 ,9 my g>d5 ,i sp5d my days1 9 my libr>y ,i sp5d my nights4 ,my int]e/s are divid$ betwe5 my g]aniums & my books4 ,) ! fl[]s ,i am 9 ! pres5t2 ) ! books ,i am 9 ! pa/4 ,i g into my libr>y & all hi/ory unrolls be=e me4 ,i brea! ! morn+ air ( ! _w :ile ! sc5t ( ,ed5's roses yet l+]$ 9 x1 :ile x vibrat$ only to ! _w's fir/ brood ( night+ales & to ! laugh ( ,eve4 ,i see ! pyramids build+2 ,i he> ! %\t+s ( ! armies ( ,alex&]2 ,i feel ! gr\nd %ake b5ea? ! m>* ( ,cambyses4 ,i sit z 9 a !atre2 ! /age is ,"t1 ! play is ! ,_w4 ,:at a spectacle x is6 ,:at k+ly pomp1 :at processions1 file pa/2 :at cities burn to heav51 :at cr[ds ( captives are c>ri$ at ! *>iot :eels ( conqu]ors6 ,i he> or cry1 8,bravo60 :5 ! great actors come on1 %ak+ ! /age4 ,i am a ,roman emp]or :5 ,i look at a ,roman co94 ,i lift old ,hom]1 & ,i %\t ,a*illes 9 ! tr5*es4 ,! sil5ce ( ! empeopl$ ,syrian pla9s1 ! outcom+s & +o+s ( ! patri>*s1 ,abraham & ,i%mael1 ,isaac 9 ! fields at ev5tide1 ,rebekah at ! well1 ,jacob's guile1 ,esau's face r$d5$ by ! des]t sunheat1 ,joseph's spl5did fun]al procession--all ^! ?+s ,i f9d )9 ! bo>ds ( my ,old ,te/am5t4 ,:at a sil5ce 9 ^? old books1 z ( a half-peopl$ _w2 :at bleat+ ( flocks1 :at gre5 pa/oral re/1 :at indubitable human exi/5ce6 ,across brawl+ c5turies ( blood & w> ,i he> ! bleat+ ( ,abraham's flocks1 ! t9kl+ ( ! bells ( ,rebekah's camels4 ,oh1 m5 & wom51 s f> sep>at$ yet s ne>1 s /range yet s well kn[n1 by :at miracul\s p[] d ,i "k y all8 ,books are ! true ,elysian fields :]e ! spirits ( ! dead conv]se1 & into ^! fields a mortal may v5ture unappall$4 ,:at k+'s c\rt c boa/ su* company8 ,:at s*ool ( philosophy su* wisdom8 ,!re is ,pan's pipe2 !re are ! songs ( ,apollo4 ,seat$ 9 my libr>y at night1 & look+ on ! sil5t faces ( my books1 ,i am occasionally visit$ by a /range s5se ( ! sup]natural4 ,!y are n collections ( pr9t$ pages2 !y are gho/s4 ,i take "o d[n1 & x speaks ) me 9 a tongue n n[ he>d on e>?1 & ( m5 & ?+s ( :i* x alone possesses ! k4 ,i call myself a solit>y1 b sometimes ,i ?9k ,i misapply ! t]m4 ,no man sees m company ?an ,i d4 ,i travel ) mighti] cohorts ar\nd me ?an ev] did ,tim\r or ,g5ghis ,khan on _! fi]y m>*es4 ,i am a sov]eign 9 my libr>y2 b x is ! dead1 n ! liv+1 t att5d my levees4 --,,alex&] ,,smi?4 ,! ,free ,public ,libr>y is (t5 t]m$ ! ,p's ,college4 ,x is e/abli%$ by communities t believe education to be ! f\ndation ( civic fre$om z well z an elem5t 9 human happ9ess4 ,by taxation ( ! p ^! treasures ( books are made free to all3 ! ri*e/ & ! poore/ alike4 ,"h "o's scanty libr>y is ren=c$ by full & r>e collections1 & ! entire c>e ( ! cu/odians is to make ?is treasure-h\se useful to all com]s4 ,b ! reports ( ! libr>ians1 enc\rag+ ?\gh !y be1 d n describe a /ate ( g5]al read+4 ,a /udy ( ^! reports w reveal ! fact t only a small "p ( ! ought-to-be read+ public f9ds its way to ! libr>y & uses ?is m>vell\s opportunity4 ,if we "q :y ! read]s are s few1 we %all d\btless arrive at c]ta9 conclusions4 ,aside f ! duties & necessities :i* deb> _m w\ld-be read]s f us+ ! libr>y1 we %all conclude t ! majority ( p]sons n illit]ate :o fail to avail !mselves ( ?is opportunity h n le>n$ to love books2 :ile _m o!rs :o h _h consid]able read+ 9 s*ool or at home h n le>n$ h[ to make ! /ores ( ! libr>y available4 ,en\gh has be5 said1 p]haps1 reg>d+ ! necessity ( tea*+ *ildr5 to love books1 to ! end t !y may h :olesome int]e/s & simple & natural pleasures4 ,books reveal ! exp]i5ce ( o!rs1 & yield to u ! companion%ip ( ! wise & good4 ,sympa!tic obs]vation ( ! lives ( boys & girls :o h n be5 tra9$ to ?is l>g] int]e/ w\ld drive u to r5ew$ endeavors to op5 wide ! doors to !m1 out ( & away f ! temptations :i* allure !m to l[] loves4 ,! life t does n "k h[ to f9d pleasure 9 a book1 t turns to ! saloon r ?an to ! libr>y1 is sad inde$4 ,we _c urge too /rongly ! e>ly & cont9ual tea*+ ^: object is to make ! *ildr5 book-lov]s4 ,b1 if ! "y book-lov] appe>s at ! libr>y door & fails to f9d ! clue to ! labyr9? :]e ! words :i* he desires may be f\nd1 he may w&] away aga91 nev] to return4 ,if 8 love is /rong1 & ! cu/odian le>ns 8 ne$1 he may /udy 8 way into ! desir$ pa?s2 b x is evid5t to all read]s t ! libr>y is mo/ available to ! be/ prep>$1 & t ! va/ treasures ( ev5 ! free libr>y are wor?less to ! ignorant4 ,fur!r1 we c b recognize t home read+ & s*ool read+ d n always qualify ! read] = /udy 9 a libr>y4 ,he mu/ be taught h[ to use x1 & somebody mu/ tea* him4 ,home & s*ool mu/ supply ?is ne$4 ,! wise fa!r & "m w g ) ! *ildr5 to ! libr>y1 & !re tea* !m to use books2 :ile 9 s*ool1 ! tea*] ( read+ w aim beyond ! simple ma/]y ( ! text-book4 ,no long] c %e cont5t h]self ) guid+ h] pupils ?r\gh ! ,fif? ,read] f page #a to page #bef4 ,) h] l>g] conception ( read+1 %e kn[s n[ t h] pupils mu/ be taught to unlock o!r books1 & %e sets h]self to tea* !m h[ to d ?is4 ,b h[8--a practical "q4 ,?is *apt] w\ld avail little did x fail to attempt an answ]4 ,fir/1 by includ+ 9 h] tea*+ su* lessons z w %[ ! use ( books z tools4 ,! /ud5t :o hunts d[n a subject 9 ! libr>y looks ?r\gh myriads ( books1 b he does n read !m all4 ,he le>ns fir/ :at books are likely to answ] 8 "q4 ,all o!r books he excludes f 8 li/4 ,he le>ns fur!r :]e to look = aid 9 8 select$ books1 & turns at once to ! helpful pages1 exclud+ all o!rs4 ,s he rea*es ! *apt]1 ! page1 ! l9e :i* conta9s ! desir$ message1 & a*ieves 8 end4 ,! untra9$ work] loses himself 9 ! labyr9? ( books1 & f9ds no?+4 ,su* ability to use books is n a gift2 x is e>n$ by ?\ghtful practice4 ,! p[] to use ref]5ce books comes only ?r\gh wisely us+ !m4 ,! art beg9s ) ! use ( ! diction>y & ! supplem5t>y read]1 & "h %\ld ! tea*] fir/ apply h]self to tea* ! use ( books ( ref]5ce4 ,fir/1 z to ! diction>y4 ,all gramm>-s*ool classes %\ld be suppli$ ) a good unabridg$ diction>y1 :ile e pupil %\ld h access to a small] "o1 & be taught to use x s con/antly t he w consid] x an equal necessity ) 8 pocket-knife4 ,:]e *ildr5 buy _! own books1 ! possession ( ! diction>y %\ld be urg$4 ,own]%ip is equally desirable :]e books are suppli$ by ! city or t[n4 ,no?+ c take ! place ( x4 ,! diction>y is ! /ud5t's commone/ tool4 ,hav+ diction>ies1 ! *ildr5 %\ld be taught to use !m4 ,"h !y are4 ,:at are !y8 ,:at d !y conta98 ,:at are !y good =8 ,( :at use c !y be to y8 ,a /udy ( ! book reveals to u t ! diction>y tells u ! mean+ ( unfamili> words2 x may !re=e help to expla9 to u :at we read4 ,or x gives u _m mean+s ( words1 9 _! v>i\s uses1 ?us help+ u to *oose ! fitt+ "o4 ,aga91 x %[s u ! correct spell+ & pronunciation ( ! words :i* we ne$ to use 9 read+ or speak+2 :ile 9 our lat] /udy x reveals to u ! grammatical uses ( words1 giv+ good au?ority = ea* use1 & fur!r expla9s ! d]ivation or tells ! hi/ory ( ! ^w4 ,be=e leav+ ! gramm> s*ool1 *ildr5 %\ld be able to ga!r all ?is help f ! diction>y4 ,9 ! l[] grades--f\r? & fif?--! lessons w be conf9$ to ! /udy ( ! diction>y z a means ( le>n+ ! mean+1 spell+1 & correct pronunciation ( ! select$ words4 ,! fir/ /ep is a /udy ( ! arrangem5t ( ! book3 ! title1 introduction1 preface1 keys to pronunciation1 rules = spell+2 !n ! li/s ( words1 arrang$ 9 alphabetical ord]4 ,:at does t mean8 ,:o kn[s ! mean+ ( ! ord] ( ! lett]s ( ! alphabet8 ,te/ ! class to discov] ?is4 ,(t5 ! fir/ lack appe>s "h4 ,by rapid recitation bo? =w>d & backw>d1 & v>i$ que/ions1 make ?is k available "h4 8,does ,s come be=e or aft] ,m1 ,u1 ,g1 ,q1 ,w8 ,9 :i* half ( ! alphabet %all ,i f9d ,n1 ,l1 ,f1 ,t8 etc4 ,i am turn+ ! leaves ( ! diction>y to f9d ! ^w #8,travel4' ,i op5 to a page ( words beg9n+ ) ,m4 ,%all ,i turn =w>d or backw>d80 ,by su* te/s (t repeat$1 diction>y 9 h&1 ! *ildr5 accu/om !mselves to ! alphabetical ord]4 ,d n =get t x mu/ be taught4 ,x is n discov]$ by intuition4 ,aft] trac+ ! ^w to its lett]1 x rema9s to be f\nd ^u ! page--a m difficult /udy ( alphabetical arrangem5t4 ,! *ild :o attempts to f9d ! ^w 8,travel0 f9ds ! ,ta's1 b1 ) 8 limit$ k1 /ays to re/ 8 eyes ^u ,table1 ,tack1 ,tall1 ,tank1 etc41 9 8 likely-to-be-va9 se>*4 ,n[ he mu/ /udy ) 8 tea*] ! full] detail ( alphabetical ord]4 ,! ^w to be f\nd beg9s ) ,tr4 ,let him leave ,ta1 ,te1 ,ti to f9d ,tr1 & !n mu/ he foll[ on ) 8 f+] to ,trav2 & n[ sl[ly ?r\gh ?is column to ! appo9t$ ^w4 ,! ord] be+ ?us made cle>1 a d\ble practice %\ld be giv51 to fix x 9 8 m9d3 fir/1 f9d+ *os5 words 9 ! diction>y 9 ! quicke/ possible "t2 second1 mak+ li/s ( words 9 alphabetical ord]4 ,^! lessons may seem sup]flu\sly simple & me*anical1 b x is due to ! omission ( su* tea*+ t s _m h\rs are wa/$ 9 ! bl9d se>* aft] ! cont5ts ( books1 & t s _m diction>ies are fre%-edg$1 unus$4 ,?us f> ! pupil has simply f\nd ! way to 8 ^w4 ,n[ he mu/ le>n to read :at ! diction>y tells him ab\t x4 ,"h fur!r k is requir$4 ,he f9ds ! ^w s divid$ & m>k$ z to enable him to pron\nce x correctly1 if he kn[s en\gh4 ,b fir/ he mu/ "k h[ to pron\nce ! syllables into :i* x is divid$1 & to translate ! m>ks us$ = 8 b5efit4 ,syllabification & diacritical m>ks con/itute ! subject ( ! next s]ies ( lessons4 ,! fir/ is n s m9or a matt] z x may seem at fir/ sight4 ,prop] division into syllables is necess>y to prop] pronunciation ( syllables1 & a correct nam+ ( ! consecutive syllables means correct pronunciation ( ! ^w4 ,! *ildr5's trick1 :i* (t5 conf\nds ! s*ol>1 proves ?is4 8,pron\nce ba-cka-*e10 !y dem&1 dictat+ ! syllables z writt54 ,aft] suffici5tly enjoy+ ! s*ol>'s discomfiture1 !y pron\nce ! common ^w1 backa*e4 ,x is no m ?an fair to give him a ta/e ( _! daily vicissitudes4 ,all tea*]s "k h[ *ildr5 are daily lo/ 9 ! mazes ( syllabification4 ,x w\ld be well to av]t ?is evil1 & lead to a m helpful read+ ( ! diction>y1 by giv+ lessons ^: object is ! ma/]y ( syllables4 ,sep>at+ famili> words into _! syllables & pron\nc+ by syllable at sight are excell5t ex]cises1 & !y may well displace "s ( ! =mal & me*anical /udy ( nev]-to-be-us$ li/s ( words4 ,_m words are ma/]$ = all "t z soon z ! art ( syllabification is le>n$4 ,= o!rs !re rema9s1 h[ev]1 ! ne$ ( ! diacritical m>ks4 ,z tea*]s "k 7b z *ildr5 seldom discov]71 ^? m>ks exi/ simply z aids to pronunciation4 ,!y v>y1 9 diff]5t diction>ies4 ,x is1 !re=e1 necess>y t *ildr5 %\ld /udy ! key to pronunciation 9 ! diction>y :i* !y use4 ,z an aid to _! memories1 an epitome ( ?is key is pr9t$ at ! bottom ( e page1 t he :o runs may read4 ,if ! m>k is n recogniz$1 a glance %[s !m ! value ( ! same m>k$ v[el 9 a famili> ^w4 ,! s\nd ( ! unfamili> ^w is made pla9 to !m if !y h le>n$ to read ! diction>y4 ,drill 9 pron\nc+ columns ( ! words f\nd 9 ! diction>y1 is an aid to ! rapid acquirem5t ( p[] to translate ^! equival5ts1 :ile1 until ?is p[] is won1 ! pupil may be help$ by m>k+ famili> words 9 accordance ) ! key4 ,! ma/]y ( ! alphabetical arrangem5t & syllabification & pronunciation be+ assur$1 !re rema9s ! /udy ( ! gr\p$ mean+s & ! d]ivation1 ) att5tion to grammatical use4 ,z soon z ! pupil kn[s ! p>ts ( spee*1 ! v>i\s uses ( words are made pla9 to him1 & he intellig5tly foll[s ! diction>y column :i* exhibits a ^w z n\n1 v]b1 adjective1 or adv]b4 ,if 8 object is to discov] ! v]b mean+1 he passes ! o!rs4 ,if ! e>li] & p]haps obsolete mean+s d n apply1 he reads on until ! fitt+ def9ition is rea*$4 ,if ! def9ition itself is n pla9 to him1 he 8looks up0 ! unfamili> words conta9$ 9 x4 ,b he keeps at "w until he has made himself ma/] ( ! ^w = ^: mean+ he s\ght4 ,quotations %[+ /&>d use are read & consid]$4 ,! p>agraph or s5t5ce conta9+ ! new ^w is re-read1 illum9$ by ! new mean+4 ,su* a lesson has 9 x ! virtue ( a language lesson4 ,! new ^w1 ) its preci\s c>go1 has become ! *ild's possession1 & he c s5d x voyag+ to ports he desires to rea* ) 8 ?\ght4 ,fur!r1 ?r\gh su* ex]cises1 he le>ns to ma/] books4 ,! m mature /ud5t w c>efully con ! root-mean+1 & foll[ ! ^w ?r\gh its devi\s hi/ory4 ,t "w1 9 its detail1 mu/ wait = ! high] grades & ! college4 ,b ) su* ?or\ghness z has be5 outl9$1 ! gramm> grade pupil may make ! diction>y 8 /rong ally & unfail+ fri5d4 ,x behooves u to tea* him ! art4 ,books ( ref]5ce %\ld be made available to ! pupils1 z is ! diction>y1 by lessons :i* %[ _! use4 ,! ,atlas1 ! ,cyclop$ia1 ! ,comp5dium1 %\ld be expla9$1 & opportunities = _! use %\ld be creat$4 ,s all m9or books--gramm>s1 hi/ories1 geographies--%\ld be consult$ by ! *ildr51 & comp>$ ) _! own4 ,9 su* consultation ! index or table ( cont5ts %\ld s]ve its purpose4 ,! pupil %\ld n be all[$ to se>* ! book f cov] to cov] = 8 bit ( in=mation1 b %\ld be taught to look = x1 by ! help ( ! index1 9 its prop] place1 j z he le>n$ to f9d ! ^w on ! page ( a diction>y4 ,?r\gh su* /udy1 *ildr5 may develop ! habit ( turn+ to books = in=mation & enlight5m5t4 ,!y w "k h[ to seek & f9d4 ,we _c ov]e/imate easily ! value ( su* a habit & its accompany+ t5d5cies 9 _! aft] life4 ,we h spok5 ?us f> ( ! *ild's use ( s+le books "u ! direction ( ! tea*]4 ,a few words fur!r 9 reg>d to ! s*ool libr>y1 :i* %\ld be an introduction to ! ,public ,libr>y4 ,9 ^! days _m s*ools are provid$ ) ! nucleus ( a libr>y4 ,e s*ool %\ld h "o4 ,a few %elves ( books1 well *os5 & well us$--^! are next 9 importance to ! tea*] 9 ! equipm5t ( a s*ool4 ,by prop]ly us+ su* books1 ! *ildr5 le>n h[ to *oose & to use _! own books :5 !y get !m1 & mean:ile h[ be/ to avail !mselves ( ! ,public ,libr>y4 ,9 ord] to af=d en\gh practice 9 f9d+ :at is 9 ! books :i* are )9 rea*1 ! tea*] %\ld assign to ! pupils "w :i* w necessitate ! use ( ^! books4 ,! read+ lesson speaks ( ! cultivation ( cotton4 ,ask ,john or ,joseph to le>n :e!r any book 9 ! libr>y ?r[s light on ! cultivation or manufacture ( cotton4 ,! boy fir/ makes up 8 m9d :at books w be likely to conta9 ?is in=mation1 & !n1 by use ( ! indexes 9 ! *os5 books1 discov]s 8 item1 :i* he br+s z 8 contribution to ! class4 ,:at he le>ns ab\t cotton is ( f> less value to him ?an :at he ga9s ?r\gh se>*+ = ! item4 ,aga91 ! hi/ory lesson treats ( ! w> = indep5d5ce4 ,! tea*]1 in/ead ( conf9+ ! pupils to memoriz+ ! "w on ! pages ( ! s*ool hi/ory1 s5ds !m to ! book%elves to consult ! ,engli% hi/ories :i* %all tell ! *ildr5 some?+ ( ,george ,,iii4 & ! ,engli% /atesm5 ( 8 "t4 ,by & by !y h ga9$ n only "s facility 9 ! use ( books1 b ! k t "s books are ( great] use ?an o!rs 9 ! l9es ( _! /udy4 ,x is b a /ep1 n[1 f ! s*ool libr>y to ! ,public ,libr>y1 & ?is /ep %\ld be tak5 :5 ! *ildr5 feel ! limitations ( _! book%elves4 ,_! que/ mu/ take its beg9n+ 9 _! ne$2 n 9 ! tea*]'s advice1 b 9 _! incl9ation4 ,john _c f9d 9 any book 9 ! s*ool libr>y :at he wants to "k ab\t ,william ,pitt4 ,v well4 ,does he "k any book t w\ld give him ! desir$ in=mation8 ,!re may be books at ! libr>y1 he volunte]s4 ,ah1 yes4 ,h[ c he f9d out8 ,by go+ !re4 ,susan sugge/s t ! libr>y catalogue w tell him :e!r he c f9d !re j :at he wi%es4 ,& n[ ! s*ool comes into possession ( ! catalogue ( ! ,free ,public ,libr>y ( ! t[n--owns x because ! *ildr5 ne$ to use x4 ,john f9ds 9 ! catalogue ! names ( ! books :i* he ?9ks may conta9 ! object ( 8 se>*4 ,"h ! tea*] helps him by po9t+ out1 f h] full] k1 ! books :i* w be simple en\gh to be ( s]vice to him4 ,or ! cu/odian ( ! libr>y l5ds a h&1 & names ! books :i* w be mo/ helpful4 ,we may readily see t "h beg9s ano!r s]ies ( lessons :i*1 un=tunately1 r>ely makes its appe>ance4 ,inside ! libr>y door1 ! y\?ful seek] aft] light /ruggles to get ! book :i* he desires4 ,he mu/ le>n ! ma*9]y ( ! libr>y1 & somebody mu/ tea* him4 ,if ! tea*] kn[s ! libr>ian & ! libr>ian kn[s ! tea*]1 & bo? are int]e/$ 9 ! boy1 we h a happy /ate ( affairs4 ,8 c>d is fill$ out = him & prop]ly sign$4 ,he is n[ all[$ to take books = himself4 ,he mu/ be told :]e to get !m & h[ to get !m2 :at to d ) !m :5 he gets !m2 :at to d if he _c get !m2 h[1 & :51 & :]e to return !m2 :at privileges he may h 9 ! use ( !m4 ,well = ! boy if 8 two fri5ds & co-labor]s make x wor? :ile = him to use ! libr>y 9 ^! e>ly days6 ,ah1 :o %all tell u h[ to correctly m>k 9 p] c5ts ! value ( ?is boy's acquisition1 or ! wor? ( ! tea*]'s in/ruction8 ,9 _m ( our cities1 ?is cop]ation ( ! libr>y & ! s*ool exi/s1 & proves its usefulness4 ,tea*]s are suppli$ ) tea*]s' c>ds1 all[+ !m to take six books at a "t & reta9 !m = a long "t4 ,classes are suppli$ ) books4 ,boxes ( books are c>ri$ f s*ool to s*ool4 ,duplicates ( mu*-desir$ books are secur$ f ! libr>ian4 ,*ildr5 are tak5 to ! libr>y by ! tea*]1 & ! classes /udy on ! spot ! op]ation ( ! sy/em1 & famili>ize !mselves ) its plan ( action4 ,*ildr5 are s5t f s*ool to consult ref]5ce books1 to /udy ! collections ( photographs1 or ! mural decorations 9 ! build+4 ,! ,bo/on ,public ,libr>y af=ds an example1 n only ( /atel9ess ( build+ & beauty ( decoration1 b ( effici5cy ( ! sy/em by :i* its rec5t libr>ian1 ,mr4 ,h]b]t ,l4 ,putnam1 did mu* to br+ ! libr>y )9 ! rea* ( ! s*ool-*ildr5 ?r\gh\t ! city4 ,if we rightly e/imate ! value ( ?is t5d5cy to read & ?is love ( books1 we %all be will+ to subord9ate "s ( ! =m]ly accept$ "w ( ! s*ools to ?is ess5tial tuition4 ,%all we cont9ue to sp5d money = our public libr>ies8 ,if s1 let u insure ! return ( our inve/m5t a hundr$fold1 by fitt+ our *ildr5 to make use ( ! privileges :i* are ?us af=d$ !m1 & tea*+ !m to "k ! be/ books4 ,illu/ration ,9 response to ! reque/s made by _m diff]5t tea*]s1 ,i h prep>$ a li/ ( books1 /ories1 & poems :i* are suitable = read+ or recit+ to *ildr54 ,9 all cases ! selections h be5 te/$ ) numb]s ( *ildr51 (t5 ) numb]s ( classes1 & ! li/ repres5ts ! ?\ghtful exp]i5ce ( _m & diff]5t tea*]s4 ,9 *oos+1 h[ev]1 ! tea*] mu/ be guid$ by h] k ( h] own *ildr54 ,x is unwise to accept )\t "q ! judgm5t ( ano!r1 :o may tea* "u conditions v diff]5t f ^? :i* exi/ 9 ! class ( ! seek]4 ,ref]5ce to ! li/ may1 h[ev]1 prev5t fruitless excursions to ! libr>y = unnecess>y read+ ( ! books :i* w\ld be read only to be disc>d$4 ,x w be safe to make selections f ! li/ = any class 9 ! public s*ools4--,s4 ,l4 ,a4 ,give me leave ,t'enjoy myself2 t place t does conta9 ,my books1 ! be/ companions1 is to me ,a glori\s c\rt1 :]e h\rly ,i conv]se ,) ! old sages & philosoph]s2 ,& sometimes1 = v>iety1 ,i conf] ,) k+s & emp]ors1 & weigh _! c\nsels2 ,call+ _! victories1 if unju/ly got1 ,unto a /rict acc\nt1 &1 9 my fancy1 ,deface _! ill-plac$ /atues4 ,c ,i !n ,"p ) su* con/ant pleasures to embrace ,unc]ta9 vanities8 ,no2 be x y\r c>e ,t'augm5t y\r heap ( weal?2 x %all be m9e ,t'increase 9 k4 --,,beaumont ,,flet*]4 ,illu/ration ,,*apt] ,,xii4 ,a ,,li/ ,,( ,,books ,:i* ,h be5 ,te/$ & ,f\nd ,helpful 9 ! ,s*ool-room4 7,alphabetically arrang$47 ,,g5]al ,,read+4 ,alice 9 ,wond]l&4 ,lewis ,c>roll4 ,among ! ,isles ( ,%oals4 ,celia ,?axt]4 ,ar*itects ( ,fate4 ,orison ,swett ,m>d54 ,at ! ,back ( ! ,nor? ,w9d4 ,george ,macdonald4 ,aunt ,m>?a's ,corn] ,cupbo>d4 ,m4 & ,e4 ,kirby4 ,be+ a ,boy4 ,*>les ,dudley ,w>n]4 ,betty ,leice/]4 ,s>ah ,orne ,jewett4 ,bird's ,*ri/mas ,c>ol1 ,!4 ,kate ,d\glas ,wigg94 ,bits ( ,talk4 ,hel5 ,hunt ,jackson4 ,bits ( ,travel4 ,hel5 ,hunt ,jackson4 ,black ,beauty4 ,anna ,sewall4 ,boy's ,froiss>t4 ,sidney ,lani]4 ,boy's ,p]cy4 ,sidney ,lani]4 ,braid$ ,/raws4 ,elizabe? ,e4 ,f\lke4 ,*ild ,life 9 ,prose4 ,john ,gre5leaf ,:itti]4 ,*ild's ,_w1 ,9 !4 ,emilie ,p\lsson4 ,*ri/mas ,c>ol4 ,*>les ,dick5s4 ,c\rt ( ,k+ ,ar?ur1 ,!4 ,w4 ,h4 ,fro/4 ,cricket on ! ,he>?1 ,!4 ,*>les ,dick5s4 ,daffyd[ndilly4 ,na?aniel ,haw?orne4 ,easy ,/eps = ,little ,feet4 ,sw9ton & ,ca?c>t4 ,eight ,c\s9s4 ,l\isa ,m4 ,alcott4 ,fifty ,fam\s ,/ories ,retold4 ,james ,baldw94 ,five ,little ,pepp]s4 ,m>g>et ,sidney4 ,f\r ,macni*ols1 ,!4 ,william ,black4 ,gold5 ,book ( ,*oice ,read+4 ,sw9ton & ,ca?c>t4 ,great ,/one ,face4 ,na?aniel ,haw?orne4 ,gulliv]'s ,travels4 ,jona?an ,swift4 ,he>t ( ,oak1 ,books ,i4-,,vi4 ,*>les ,eliot ,norton4 ,h[ ,success is ,won4 ,s>ah ,k4 ,bolton4 ,hunt = ! ,capta91 ,!4 ,oliv] ,w5dell ,holmes4 ,hunt+ ( ! ,de]1 ,!4 ,*>les ,dudley ,w>n]4 ,9 ,8 ,"n4 ,edw>d ,ev]ett ,hale4 ,9 ! ,*ild's ,_w4 ,emilie ,p\lsson4 ,jackanapes4 ,juliana ,horatia ,ew+4 ,jan ( ! ,w9dmill4 ,juliana ,horatia ,ew+4 ,jungle ,book4 ,rudy>d ,kipl+4 ,jungle ,book1 ,second4 ,rudy>d ,kipl+4 ,k9d]g>t5 ,/ories4 ,s>a ,e4 ,wiltse4 ,k+ ( ! ,gold5 ,riv]1 ,!4 ,john ,rusk94 ,la/ ( ! ,mohicans1 ,!4 ,james ,f5imore ,coop]4 ,lett]s f a ,cat4 ,hel5 ,hunt ,jackson4 ,life & ,lett]s ( ,l\isa ,m4 ,alcott4 ,life ( ! ,c>y ,si/]s1 ,!4 ,m>y ,clemm] ,ames4 ,little ,lame ,pr9ce1 ,!4 ,d9ah ,m>ia ,mulock4 ,little ,"l ,fauntl]oy4 ,frances ,hodgson ,burnett4 ,little ,m54 ,l\isa ,m4 ,alcott4 ,little ,wom54 ,l\isa ,m4 ,alcott4 ,little ,sa9t ,elizabe?4 ,frances ,hodgson ,burnett4 ,lob-,lie-,by-,!-,fire4 ,juliana ,horatia ,ew+4 ,lorna ,doone4 ,r4 ,d4 ,blackmore4 ,mel*ior's ,dream4 ,juliana ,horatia ,ew+4 ,mod]n ,vik+s1 ,!4 ,h4 ,h4 ,boyeson4 ,mopsa ! ,fairy4 ,jean ,+el[4 ,bre'r ,rabbit4 ,joel ,*&l] ,h>ris4 ,nellie's ,silv] ,m9e4 ,hel5 ,hunt ,jackson4 ,old-,fa%ion$ ,girl1 ,!4 ,l\isa ,m4 ,alcott4 ,old ,/ories ( ! ,ea/4 ,james ,baldw94 ,pilgrim's ,progress4 ,john ,bunyan4 ,play ,days4 ,s>ah ,orne ,jewett4 ,polly ,oliv]'s ,problem4 ,kate ,d\glas ,wigg94 ,rab & ,8 ,fri5ds4 ,?omas ,br[n4 ,ra9b[s = ,*ildr54 ,lydia ,m>ia ,*ild4 ,rob9son ,crusoe4 ,daniel ,defoe4 ,rollo ,books4 ,jacob ,abbott4 ,rose 9 ,bloom1 ,!4 ,l\isa ,m4 ,alcott4 ,rules ( ,conduct4 ,george ,wa%+ton4 ,silas ,m>n]4 ,george ,eliot4 ,six to ,sixte54 ,juliana ,horatia ,ew+4 ,spy1 ,!4 ,james ,f5imore ,coop]4 ,/ories = ,*ildr54 ,edw>d ,ev]ett ,hale4 ,/ories f ,plato4 ,m>y ,e4 ,burt4 ,/ories ,told to ,*ildr54 ,jean ,+el[4 ,/ory ,h\r1 ,!4 ,kate ,d\glas ,wigg94 ,/ory ( a ,bad ,boy1 ,!4 ,?omas ,bailey ,aldri*4 ,/ory ( ! ,gold5 ,age1 ,a4 ,james ,baldw94 ,/ory ( ,rol&1 ,!4 ,james ,baldw94 ,/ory ( a ,%ort ,life1 ,!4 ,juliana ,horatia ,ew+4 ,swiss ,family ,rob9son4 ,johann ,weiss4 ,tales f ,%akespe>e4 ,*>les ,lamb4 ,tales f ,%akespe>e4 ,*>les ,morris4 ,tales ( ! ,alhambra4 ,wa%+ton ,irv+4 ,?ree ( ,u4 ,joel ,*&l] ,h>ris4 ,timo?y's ,que/4 ,kate ,d\glas ,wigg94 ,tom ,br[n's ,s*ooldays4 ,?omas ,hughes4 ,twilight ,/ories4 ,elizabe? ,e4 ,f\lke4 ,two ,little ,pilgrims' ,progress4 ,frances ,hodgson ,burnett4 ,"u ! ,lilacs4 ,l\isa ,m4 ,alcott4 ,und9e4 ,b>on ,f\qui4 ,wat] ,babies4 ,*>les ,k+sley4 ,we & ! ,_w4 ,juliana ,horatia ,ew+4 ,we ,girls4 ,mrs4 ,a4 ,d4 ,t4 ,:itney4 ,:at ,katy ,did4 ,susan ,coolidge4 ,,nature ,,/udy4 ,animals1 ,wild & ,tame4 ,anna ,c4 ,davis4 ,bird ,ways4 ,olive ,?orne ,mill]4 ,bird ,_w4 ,/ickney & ,h(fman4 ,birds & ,bees4 ,john ,burr\ghs4 ,birds ,?r\gh an ,op]a ,glass4 ,flor5ce ,m]riam4 ,citiz5 ,bird4 ,mabel ,osgood ,wright4 ,eye-,spy4 ,william ,hamilton ,gibson4 ,fairyl& ( ,fl[]s4 ,m>a ,l4 ,pratt4 ,fairyl& ( ,sci5ce4 ,arabella ,buckley4 ,few ,famili> ,fl[]s1 ,a4 ,m>g>et ,morley4 ,f\r-,h&$ ,folk4 ,olive ,?orne ,mill]4 ,f ,fl[] to ,fruit4 ,jane ,h4 ,newell4 ,f ,se$ to ,leaf4 ,jane ,h4 ,newell4 ,9 ,ne/+ ,"t4 ,olive ,?orne ,mill]4 ,life & ,h] ,*ildr54 ,arabella ,buckley4 ,little ,fl[] ,folks4 ,m>a ,l4 ,pratt4 ,little ,folks 9 ,fea!rs & ,fur4 ,olive ,?orne ,mill]4 ,madam ,h[ & ,lady ,:y4 ,arabella ,buckley4 ,my ,saturday ,bird ,class4 ,olive ,?orne ,mill]4 ,my ,summ] 9 a ,g>d54 ,*>les ,dudley ,w>n]4 ,pacific ,nature ,/ories4 ,h>r ,wagn]4 ,pepacton4 ,john ,burr\ghs4 ,plant ,_w4 ,frank ,v9c5t4 ,rambl]'s ,lease1 ,a4 ,brad=d ,torrey4 ,seaside & ,wayside4 ,jane ,&rews4 ,%>p ,eyes4 ,william ,hamilton ,gibson4 ,%>p ,eyes4 ,john ,burr\ghs4 ,%ort ,/ories ( ,our ,%y ,neighbors4 ,mrs4 ,m4 ,a4 ,b4 ,kelly4 ,song ( ,life4 ,m>g>et ,morley4 ,/ories ,"m ,nature ,told ,h] ,*ildr54 ,jane ,&rews4 ,/ory ( ! ,birds1 ,!4 ,james ,n4 ,baskett4 ,succession ( ,=e/ ,trees4 ,h5ry ,david ,?oreau4 ,?r\gh ,magic ,glasses4 ,arabella ,buckley4 ,toil]s ( ! ,sea4 ,victor ,hugo4 ,wake ,rob94 ,john ,burr\ghs4 ,wald54 ,h5ry ,david ,?oreau4 ,w9n]s 9 ,life's ,race4 ,arabella ,buckley4 ,,poetry4 ,blue ,poetry ,book4 ,&rew ,lang4 ,*ild ,life 9 ,poetry4 ,john ,gre5leaf ,:itti]4 ,*ild's ,g>d5 ( ,v]se4 ,rob]t ,l\is ,/ev5son4 ,*ildr5's ,treasury ( ,engli% ,song4 ,francis ,palgrave4 ,c\rt%ip ( ,miles ,/&i%4 ,h5ry ,wadswor? ,longfell[4 ,eug5e ,field ,book4 ,m>y ,e4 ,burt4 ,evangel9e4 ,h5ry ,wadswor? ,longfell[4 ,gr&mo!r's ,/ory ( ,bunk] ,hill4 ,oliv] ,w5dell ,holmes4 ,hiawa?a4 ,h5ry ,wadswor? ,longfell[4 ,hom]'s ,iliad4 ,hom]'s ,odyssey4 ,lady ( ! ,lake4 ,walt] ,scott4 ,lays ( ,anci5t ,rome4 ,?omas ,bab+ton ,macaulay4 ,nature 9 ,v]se4 ,m>y ,i4 ,lovejoy4 ,poems = ,*ildr54 ,celia ,?axt]4 ,poems ( ,am]ican ,patriotism4 ,br&] ,mat!ws4 ,poetry = ,*ildr54 ,samuel ,eliot4 ,poetry = ,home & ,s*ool4 ,anna ,c4 ,brackett & ,ida ,m4 ,eliot4 ,poetry ( ! ,seasons4 ,m>y ,i4 ,lovejoy4 ,s*ool ,speak]4 ,h>p]'s4 7,selections = ,arbor ,day & ,decoration ,day47 ,sn[-,b\nd4 ,john ,gre5leaf ,:itti]4 ,tales ( a ,wayside ,inn4 ,h5ry ,wadswor? ,longfell[4 ,vision ( ,sir ,launfal1 ,!4 ,james ,russell ,l[ell4 ,,my?s1 ,,fables1 ,,fairy ,,tales4 ,adv5tures ( a ,br[nie4 ,d9ah ,m>ia ,mulock4 ,adv5tures ( ,ulysses4 ,*>les ,lamb4 sop's ,fables4 ,age ( ,fable4 ,?omas ,bulf9*4 ,blue ,fairy ,book4 ,&rew ,lang4 ,bulf9*'s ,my?ology4 ,?omas ,bulf9*4 ,c9d]ella4 ,classic ,my?s4 ,*>les ,mills ,gayley4 ,fables & ,folk ,/ories4 ,horace ,e4 ,scudd]4 ,fables & ,rhymes = ,beg9n]s4 ,john ,g4 & ,?omas ,e4 ,?ompson4 ,fairy ,tale & ,fable4 ,john ,g4 & ,?omas ,e4 ,?ompson4 ,fairy ,tales4 ,*>les ,de ,g>mo4 ,fairy ,tales4 ,grimm4 ,fairy ,tales4 ,hans ,*ri/ian ,&]s54 ,gods & ,h]oes4 ,francillon4 ,greek ,h]oes4 ,*>les ,k+sley4 ,9 ,my?l&4 ,hel5 ,beck)4 ,jack & ! ,bean/alk4 ,little ,r$ ,rid+ ,hood4 ,&rew ,lang4 ,my?s ( ,nor!rn ,l&s4 ,h4 ,a4 ,gu]b]4 ,old-,fa%ion$ ,fairy ,book4 ,elizabe? ,h>rison4 ,old ,greek ,/ories4 ,james ,baldw94 ,/ories ( ! ,old ,_w4 ,alfr$ ,*ur*4 ,/ories ( ! ,gold5 ,age4 ,/ory ( ,siegfri$4 ,james ,baldw94 ,/ory ( ! ,niebelung5 ,li$4 ,m>y ,e4 ,burt4 ,/ory ( ,ulysses4 ,m>y ,e4 ,burt4 ,tales ( ,troy4 ,*>les ,de ,g>mo4 ,tanglewood ,tales4 ,na?aniel ,haw?orne4 ,wond] ,book4 ,na?aniel ,haw?orne4 ,,geography4 ,adrift 9 ! ,ice ,fields4 ,capta9 ,hall4 ,ar\nd ! ,_w 9 ! ,ya*t ,sunbeam4 ,lady ,brassey4 ,boy ,travell]s4 ,knox4 ,brook & ,brook ,bas9s4 ,alex&] ,frye4 ,*ildr5 ( ! ,cold4 ,lieut5ant ,s*watka4 ,coal & ,coal ,m9es4 ,hom] ,gre54 ,ea* & ,all4 ,jane ,&rews4 ,family ,flights4 ,edw>d ,ev]ett ,hale4 ,feats on ! ,fiord4 ,h>riet ,m>t9eau4 ,f ,ponkapog to ,pe/h4 ,?omas ,bailey ,aldri*4 ,9 ,brook & ,bay\4 ,cl>a ,k]n ,bayliss4 ,java1 ! ,pe>l ( ! ,ea/4 ,mrs4 ,s4 ,j4 ,higg9son4 ,little ,lucy's ,wond]ful ,globe4 ,*>lotte ,m4 ,yonge4 ,little ,p ( ,asia4 ,mill]4 ,sev5 ,little ,si/]s4 ,jane ,&rews4 ,/ories ( ,o!r ,l&s4 ,james ,johonnot4 ,"u ,six ,flags4 ,m4 ,e4 ,davis4 ,"u ! ,s\!rn ,cross4 ,edw>d ,ball\4 ,views ,afoot4 ,bay>d ,taylor4 ,_w & ,its ,p1 ,!4 ,books ,i4-,,ix4 ,l>k9 ,dunton4 ,_w by ! ,fireside1 ,!4 ,m>y & ,elizabe? ,kirby4 ,zigzag ,j\rneys4 ,hezekiah ,butt]wor?4 ,,hi/ory4 ,am]ican ,hi/orical ,tales4 ,*>les ,morris4 ,autobiography ( ,b5jam9 ,frankl94 ,book ( ,am]ican ,explor]s4 ,?omas ,w5twor? ,higg9son4 ,boyhood ( ,l9coln1 ,!4 ,hezekiah ,butt]wor?4 ,boys ( '#fa4 ,*>les ,c>leton ,c(f94 ,boys ( '#gf4 ,*>les ,c>leton ,c(f94 ,boys ,:o ,became ,fam\s4 ,s>ah ,k4 ,bolton4 ,build+ ( ! ,nation4 ,*>les ,c>leton ,c(f94 ,colonial ,massa*usetts3 ,/ories ( ! ,old ,bay ,/ate4 ,mrs4 ,s4 ,e4 ,dawes4 ,drumbeats ( ! ,nation4 ,*>les ,c>leton ,c(f94 ,engl&1 ,"y ,folks' ,hi/ory (4 ,*>lotte ,m4 ,yonge4 ,engli% ,hi/orical ,tales4 ,*>les ,morris4 ,fir/ ,/eps 9 ! ,hi/ory ( our ,c\ntry4 ,w4 ,a4 & ,a4 ,m4 ,m[ry4 ,france1 ,"y ,folks' ,hi/ory (4 ,*>lotte ,m4 ,yonge4 ,george ,wa%+ton4 ,horace ,scudd]4 ,g]man ,hi/orical ,tales4 ,*>les ,morris4 ,girls ,:o ,became ,fam\s4 ,s>ah ,k4 ,bolton4 ,greece1 ,"y ,folks' ,hi/ory (4 ,*>lotte ,m4 ,yonge4 ,greek ,home ,life4 ,m>y ,e4 ,burt4 ,h]oes ( ,hi/ory4 ,george ,makepeace ,t[le4 ,h]oic ,de$s4 ,james ,johonnot4 ,hi/oric ,boys4 ,elbridge ,s4 ,brooks4 ,hi/oric ,girls4 ,elbridge ,s4 ,brooks4 ,hi/oric ,pilgrimages 9 ,new ,engl&4 ,edw9 ,m4 ,bacon4 ,hi/orical ,read]s4 ,longmans' ,%ip4 ,hi/orical ,tales3 ,am]ican1 ,g]man1 ,greek1 ,roman4 ,*>les ,morris4 ,hi/ory ,read]s4 ,mrs4 ,w4 ,w4 ,wilson4 ,hi/ory ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,?omas ,w5twor? ,higg9son4 ,joan ( ,arc4 ,m>y ,e4 ,burt4 ,leg5ds ( ,*>lemagne4 ,m>y ,e4 ,burt4 ,madam ,rol&4 ,m>y ,e4 ,burt4 ,mak+ ( ,new ,engl&1 ,!4 ,samuel ,adams ,drake4 ,man ,)\t a ,c\ntry1 ,a4 ,edw>d ,ev]ett ,hale4 ,old ,times 9 ! ,colonies4 ,*>les ,c>leton ,c(f94 ,plut>* = ,boys & ,girls4 ,pr9ce & ,paup]4 ,?omas ,clem5s 7,m>k ,twa974 ,rescue ( ,cuba1 ,!4 ,&rew ,s4 ,drap]4 ,/&i% ( ,/&i%4 ,jane ,au/94 ,/ories f ,h]odotus4 ,alfr$ ,j4 ,*ur*4 ,/ories ( ,great ,am]icans = ,little ,am]icans4 ,edw>d ,eggle/on4 ,/ories ( our ,c\ntry4 ,james ,johonnot4 ,/ories ( ! ,r$ ,*ildr54 ,doro?y ,brooks4 ,/ories f ,engli% ,hi/ory4 ,grace ,aguil>4 ,/ory ( ,lib]ty4 ,*>les ,c>leton ,c(f94 ,t5 ,boys on ! ,road f ,long ,ago to ,n[4 ,jane ,&rews4 ,w> = ,indep5d5ce4 ,john ,fiske4 ,wat*fires ( '#gf4 ,samuel ,r4 ,drake4 ,w9n+ ,8 ,way4 ,*>les ,c>leton ,c(f94 ,"y ,folks' ,hi/ories3 ,greece1 ,rome1 ,france1 ,engl&4 ,*>lotte ,m4 ,yonge4 ,vasco da ,gama4 ,george ,makepeace ,t[le4 ,!re is ano!r view ( read+1 :i*1 ?\gh x is obvi\s en\gh1 is seldom tak51 ,i imag9e1 or at lea/ act$ ^u2 & t is1 t 9 ! c\rse ( our read+ we %\ld lay up 9 our m9ds a /ore ( goodly ?\ghts 9 well-wr\ght words1 :i* %\ld be a liv+ treasure ( k always ) u1 & f :i*1 at v>i\s times & amid/ all ! %ift+ ( circum/ances1 we might be sure ( draw+ "s com=t1 guidance1 & sympa?y4 ''' ,a man ^: m9d is enri*$ ) ! be/ say+s ( 8 own c\ntry is a m indep5d5t man1 walks ! /reets 9 a t[n1 or ! lanes 9 ! c\ntry1 ) f> m delight ?an he w\ld o!rwise1 & is taught by wise obs]v]s ( man & nature to obs]ve = himself4 ,san*o ,panza1 ) 8 prov]bs1 is a great deal bett] ?an he w\ld h be5 )\t !m2 & ,i cont5d t a man has some?+ 9 himself to meet tr\bles & difficulties1 small or great1 :o has /or$ 9 8 m9d "s ( ! be/ ?+s t h be5 said ab\t tr\bles & difficulties4 --,,sir ,,ar?ur ,,helps4 ,illu/ration ,,*apt] ,,xiii4 ,a ,,li/ ,,( ,,poems ,suitable = ,use 9 ! ,s*ool-room4 ,! li/ is int5d$ to be sugge/ive m]ely4 ,ne>ly all ! poems are well kn[n1 & ne$ only to be recall$ to ! m9d ( ! tea*]4 ,!y c readily be f\nd at any good libr>y4 ,mo/ ( !m are suitable = memoriz+4 ,all may be read ) advantage to ! *ildr5 9 mo/ grades4 ,,poems4 ,ab\ ,b5 ,adhem4 ,leigh ,hunt4 ,aladd94 ,james ,russell ,l[ell4 ,alex&] ,selkirk4 ,william ,c[p]4 ,anci5t ,m>9]1 ,!4 ,samuel ,taylor ,col]idge4 ,april4 ,hel5 ,hunt ,jackson4 ,april ,day1 ,an4 ,mrs4 ,s\!y4 ,arnold ,von ,w9kelri$4 ,james ,montgom]y4 ,autumn ,fa%ions4 ,edi? ,?omas4 ,bannockburn4 ,rob]t ,burns4 ,b>efoot ,boy1 ,!4 ,john ,gre5leaf ,:itti]4 ,battle ,hymn ( ! ,republic4 ,julia ,w>d ,h[e4 ,bett] ,l&1 ,!4 ,felicia ,d4 ,hemans4 ,b+5 on ! ,rh9e4 ,c>ol9e ,norton4 ,blue & ! ,gray1 ,!4 ,f4 ,m4 ,f9*4 ,break1 ,break1 ,break6 ,alfr$ ,t5nyson4 ,brea!s !re ! man1 etc4 ,walt] ,scott4 ,brook1 ,!4 ,alfr$ ,t5nyson4 ,bugle ,song1 ,!4 ,alfr$ ,t5nyson4 ,build]s1 ,!4 ,h5ry ,wadswor? ,longfell[4 ,burial ( ,moses1 ,!4 ,mrs4 ,alex&]4 ,burial ( ,sir ,john ,moore4 ,*>les ,wolfe4 ,capta9's ,daught]1 ,!4 ,james ,t4 ,fields4 ,casabianca4 ,felicia ,d4 ,hemans4 ,c5t5nial ,hymn4 ,john ,gre5leaf ,:itti]4 ,*amb]$ ,nautilus4 ,oliv] ,w5dell ,holmes4 ,*>ge ( ! ,light ,brigade4 ,alfr$ ,t5nyson4 ,cl\d1 ,!4 ,p]cy ,bys%e ,%elley4 ,commemoration ,ode4 ,james ,russell ,l[ell4 7,l9es on ,l9coln47 ,c\rt%ip ( ,miles ,/&i%4 ,h5ry ,wadswor? ,longfell[4 ,daffodils4 ,william ,wordswor?4 ,day is ,done1 ,!4 ,h5ry ,wadswor? ,longfell[4 ,dea? ( ! ,fl[]s4 ,william ,cull5 ,bryant4 ,de/ruction ( ,s5na*]ib1 ,!4 ,george ,gordon1 ,"l ,byron4 ,e*o4 ,jean ,+el[4 ,elegy ,writt5 9 a ,c\ntry ,*ur*y>d4 ,?omas ,gray4 ,em]son 7f 8,fable = ,critics074 ,james ,russell ,l[ell4 ,et]nal ,goodness4 ,john ,gre5leaf ,:itti]4 ,evangel9e4 ,h5ry ,wadswor? ,longfell[4 ,eve ( ,wat]loo1 ,!4 ,george ,gordon1 ,"l ,byron4 ,excelsior4 ,h5ry ,wadswor? ,longfell[4 ,fable = ,critics 7selections on ,em]son1 ,:itti]1 ,haw?orne1 ,holmes74 ,james ,russell ,l[ell4 ,febru>y4 ,mrs4 ,a4 ,d4 ,t4 ,:itney4 ,fiftie? ,bir?day ( ,agassiz1 ,!4 ,h5ry ,wadswor? ,longfell[4 ,fir/ ,psalm4 ,bible4 ,fir/ ,sn[fall1 ,!4 ,james ,russell ,l[ell4 ,fl[]s4 ,h5ry ,wadswor? ,longfell[4 ,=e/ ,hymn1 ,!4 ,william ,cull5 ,bryant4 ,=e/ ,song4 ,w4 ,h4 ,v5able4 ,=sak5 ,m]man1 ,!4 ,rob]t ,br[n+4 ,fr+$ ,g5tian1 ,!4 ,william ,cull5 ,bryant4 ,fro/ ,_s1 ,!4 ,john ,gre5leaf ,:itti]4 ,g9evra4 ,samuel ,rog]s4 ,good ,great ,man1 ,!4 ,samuel ,taylor ,col]idge4 ,good ,little ,si/]1 ,!4 ,phbe ,c>y4 ,good ,night & ,good ,morn+4 ,"l ,h\ghton4 ,goody ,blake & ,h>ry ,gill4 ,william ,wordswor?4 ,gray ,swan1 ,!4 ,alice ,c>y4 ,great1 ,wide1 ,beautiful ,_w4 ,lilliput ,lectures4 ,haw?orne 79 8,fable = ,critics074 ,james ,russell ,l[ell4 ,h]itage1 ,!4 ,james ,russell ,l[ell4 ,h]v ,riel4 ,rob]t ,br[n+4 ,hiawa?a4 ,h5ry ,wadswor? ,longfell[4 ,high ,tide on ! ,coa/ ( ,l9coln%ire4 ,jean ,+el[4 ,hoh5l9d54 ,?omas ,campbell4 ,holmes 79 8,fable = ,critics074 ,james ,russell ,l[ell4 ,horatius at ! ,bridge4 ,?omas ,bab+ton ,macaulay4 ,h[ ! ,leaves came ,d[n4 ,susan ,coolidge4 ,h[ ,!y ,br\ght ! ,good ,news f ,gh5t to ,aix4 ,rob]t ,br[n+4 ,humblebee1 ,!4 ,ralph ,waldo ,em]son4 ,if ,i c ,/op "o ,he>t f ,break+4 ,emily ,dick9son4 ,incid5t ( ! ,fr5* ,camp4 ,rob]t ,br[n+4 ,9 ,s*ool ,days4 ,john ,gre5leaf ,:itti]4 ,i ,rememb]1 ,i ,rememb]4 ,?omas ,hood4 ,jack ,fro/ ,look$ ,=?4 ,jane ,g\ld4 ,k+'s ,jewel1 ,!4 ,phbe ,c>y4 ,ladd] ( ,/4 ,augu/9e4 ,h5ry ,wadswor? ,longfell[4 ,l&+ ( ! ,pilgrims4 ,felicia ,d4 ,hemans4 ,la/ ,leaf1 ,!4 ,oliv] ,w5dell ,holmes4 ,la/ ,walk 9 ,autumn1 ,!4 ,john ,gre5leaf ,:itti]4 ,leak 9 ! ,dike1 ,a4 ,phbe ,c>y4 ,leg5d ( ,/4 ,*ri/oph]4 ,hel5 ,hunt ,jackson4 ,leg5d ( ! ,nor?l&1 ,a4 ,phbe ,c>y4 ,l9coln 79 8,commemoration ,ode074 ,james ,russell ,l[ell4 ,little ,bell4 ,?omas ,we/wood4 ,little ,gottlieb4 ,phbe ,c>y4 ,little ,gu/ava4 ,celia ,?axt]4 ,lo*iel's ,w>n+4 ,walt] ,scott4 ,lo*9v>4 ,walt] ,scott4 ,long+4 ,james ,russell ,l[ell4 ,lo/ ,y\?1 ,my4 ,h5ry ,wadswor? ,longfell[4 ,luckn[1 ,def5ce (4 ,alfr$ ,t5nyson4 ,luckn[1 ,pipes (4 ,john ,gre5leaf ,:itti]4 ,luckn[1 ,relief (4 ,rob]t ,l[ell4 ,maid5hood4 ,h5ry ,wadswor? ,longfell[4 ,man's a ,man1 ,a4 ,rob]t ,burns4 ,m>*4 ,hel5 ,hunt ,jackson4 ,m>*4 ,william ,wordswor?4 ,m>co ,bozz>is4 ,fitz-,gre5e ,halleck4 ,may4 ,hel5 ,hunt ,jackson4 ,morte d',ar?ur4 ,alfr$ ,t5nyson4 ,m\nta9 & ! ,squirrel1 ,!4 ,ralph ,waldo ,em]son4 ,my ,triumph4 ,john ,gre5leaf ,:itti]4 ,ne/ ,eggs4 ,rob]t ,l\is ,/ev5son4 ,night & ,day4 ,rob]t ,l\is ,/ev5son4 ,oak1 ,!4 ,james ,russell ,l[ell4 ,ocean1 ,!4 ,george ,gordon1 ,"l ,byron4 ,old ,clock on ! ,/airs1 ,!4 ,h5ry ,wadswor? ,longfell[4 ,old ,ironsides4 ,oliv] ,w5dell ,holmes4 ,old ,tray4 ,rob]t ,br[n+4 ,"o-,hoss ,%ay1 ,!4 ,oliv] ,w5dell ,holmes4 ,"o1 ,two1 ,?ree4 ,horatio ,bunn]4 ,ord] = a ,picture1 ,an4 ,alice ,c>y4 ,our ,good ,presid5t4 ,phbe ,c>y4 ,ov] ,riv] & ,?r\gh ,wood4 ,lydia ,m>ia ,*ild4 ,ov] ! ,hills 9 ,pale/9e4 ,h>riet ,prescott ,sp(=d4 ,owl ,critic1 ,!4 ,james ,t4 ,fields4 ,pictures f ,appl$ore4 ,james ,russell ,l[ell4 ,pi$ ,pip]1 ,!4 ,rob]t ,br[n+4 ,pipes at ,luckn[4 ,john ,gre5leaf ,:itti]4 ,plant a ,tree4 ,lucy ,l>com4 ,plant+ ( ! ,apple ,tree1 ,!4 ,william ,cull5 ,bryant4 ,polonius to ,la]tes4 ,william ,%akespe>e4 ,pres5t ,crisis1 ,!4 ,james ,russell ,l[ell4 ,prison] ( ,*illon1 ,!4 ,george ,gordon1 ,"l ,byron4 ,psalm1 ,my4 ,john ,gre5leaf ,:itti]4 ,psalm1 ,n9ete5?4 ,bible4 ,psalm1 ,tw5ty-?ird4 ,bible4 ,psalm1 ,n9etie?4 ,bible4 ,quality ( ,m]cy 7,m]*ant ( ,v5ice74 ,william ,%akespe>e4 ,rabbis1 ,! ,two4 ,john ,gre5leaf ,:itti]4 ,ratisbon2 or1 ,an ,incid5t ( ! ,fr5* ,camp4 ,rob]t ,br[n+4 ,receiv+ an ,eagle's ,quill f ,lake ,sup]ior1 ,on4 ,john ,gre5leaf ,:itti]4 ,relief ( ,luckn[1 ,!4 ,rob]t ,l[ell4 ,rhcus4 ,james ,russell ,l[ell4 ,ris+ 9 #aggf1 ,!4 ,?omas ,bu*anan ,read4 ,rob]t ( ,l9coln4 ,william ,cull5 ,bryant4 ,s&pip]1 ,!4 ,celia ,?axt]4 ,santa ,filom5a4 ,h5ry ,wadswor? ,longfell[4 ,s*ool ,days1 ,94 ,john ,gre5leaf ,:itti]4 ,septemb] ,hymn4 ,hel5 ,hunt ,jackson4 ,%eph]d ( ,k+ ,admetus1 ,!4 ,james ,russell ,l[ell4 ,%]idan's ,ride4 ,?omas ,bu*anan ,read4 ,s+1 ,little ,*ildr51 ,s+4 ,celia ,?axt]4 ,skeleton 9 ,armor1 ,!4 ,h5ry ,wadswor? ,longfell[4 ,skipp] ,ireson's ,ride4 ,john ,gre5leaf ,:itti]4 ,sn[ ,flakes4 ,h5ry ,wadswor? ,longfell[4 ,sn[ ,/orm4 ,william ,cull5 ,bryant4 ,sn[ ,/orm4 ,ralph ,waldo ,em]son4 ,song ( ,m>ion's ,m51 ,!4 ,william ,cull5 ,bryant4 ,song ( ! ,*attahoo*ee1 ,!4 ,sidney ,lani]4 ,song ( ! ,%irt1 ,!4 ,?omas ,hood4 ,songs ( ,sev54 ,jean ,+el[4 ,spaci\s ,firmam5t on ,high1 ,!4 ,joseph ,addison4 ,/ory ( a ,blackbird1 ,!4 ,alice ,c>y4 ,su?9' 9 a ,pa/oral ,l9e 7f 8,bigl[ ,pap]s074 ,james ,russell ,l[ell4 ,tales ( a ,wayside ,inn4 ,h5ry ,wadswor? ,longfell[4 ,talk+ 9 _! ,sleep4 ,edi? ,m4 ,?omas4 ,tempe/1 ,!4 ,james ,t4 ,fields4 ,?anatopsis4 ,william ,cull5 ,bryant4 ,?ree ,bells1 ,!4 ,john ,gre5leaf ,:itti]4 ,to-day4 ,?omas ,c>lyle4 7,!7 ,tra9 f out ! ca/le drew 7f 8,m>mion074 ,walt] ,scott4 ,tray1 ,old4 ,rob]t ,br[n+4 ,tree1 ,!4 ,bjorne/]ne ,bjornson4 ,triumph1 ,my4 ,john ,gre5leaf ,:itti]4 ,tw5ty-?ird ,psalm4 ,bible4 ,two ,rabbis1 ,!4 ,john ,gre5leaf ,:itti]4 ,v]ses by ,alex&] ,selkirk4 ,william ,c[p]4 ,village ,blacksmi?1 ,!4 ,h5ry ,wadswor? ,longfell[4 ,vision ( ,sir ,launfal1 ,!4 ,james ,russell ,l[ell4 ,visit f ,/4 ,ni*olas1 ,a4 ,clem5t ,c4 ,moore4 ,voice ( ,spr+1 ,!4 ,felicia ,d4 ,hemans4 ,wat]loo1 ,! ,eve (4 ,george ,gordon1 ,"l ,byron4 ,we are ,sev54 ,william ,wordswor?4 ,:at ,con/itutes a ,/ate8 ,sir ,william ,jones4 ,:itti] 7l9es 9 8,fable = ,critics074 ,james ,russell ,l[ell4 ,:y d ! ,bells at ,*ri/mas ,r+8 ,eug5e ,field4 ,w9d1 ,!4 ,rob]t ,l\is ,/ev5son4 ,w9d 9 a ,frolic1 ,!4 ,william ,h[itt4 ,wise ,fairy1 ,!4 ,alice ,c>y4 ,wiz>d ,fro/4 ,frank ,demp/] ,%]man4 ,wolsey to ,cromwell4 ,william ,%akespe>e4 ,woodman1 ,sp>e t ,tree6 ,george ,p4 ,morris4 ,w\nd$ ,curlew1 ,!4 ,celia ,?axt]4 ,wreck ( ! ,hesp]us1 ,!4 ,h5ry ,wadswor? ,longfell[4 ,ye>'s at ! ,spr+1 ,!4 ,rob]t ,br[n+4 ,yell[ ,violet4 ,william ,cull5 ,bryant4 ,yuss\f4 ,james ,russell ,l[ell4 ,,good ,,collections ,,( ,,poems4 ,bryant's ,libr>y ( ,poetry4 ,em]son's ,p>nassus4 ,:itti]'s ,songs ( ,?ree ,c5turies4 ,:itti]'s ,*ild ,life 9 ,poetry4 ,op5 ,sesame1 ,i4-,,iii4 ,blan*e ,wild] ,bellamy & ,maud ,wild] ,goodw94 ,poetry = ,home & ,s*ool4 ,anna ,c4 ,brackett & ,ida ,m4 ,eliot4 ,w>d's ,engli% ,poets4 ,! ,l& ( ,song1 ,books ,i4-,,iii4 ,ka?>9e ,m4 ,%ute & ,l>k9 ,dunton1 ,,ll4,d4 ,illu/ration