,transcrib]'s ,notes #c ,p>ts 9 "o volume4 ,"p ,i is numb]$ #ajjj upw>ds2 ,"p ,,ii is numb]$ #bjjj upw>ds2 ,"p ,,iii is numb]$ #cjjj upw>ds4 ,pag9ation />ts ) ea* section4 ,! cov] image 0 creat$ f ! orig9al all black cov] ) ! title page sup]impos$ onto x & is plac$ 9 ! public doma94 ,page #ajba3 press5ts correct$ to pres5ts4 ,page #caci3 add$ #8x' to 8:ile y are look+ at x40 ,o!r m9or pr9t]'s errors h be5 sil5tly correct$4 ,,note4--,! ?ree p>ts ( ?is book c be _h 9 sep>ate volumes by ^? :o desire x4 ,?is w be advisable :5 ! book is to be us$ 9 tea*+ q "y *ildr5 7f six to n9e ye>s ( age71 especially 9 s*ools4 ,x w take "s "t to g ?r\gh ) ea* "p ?or\ghly1 & ! pupil _h bett]1 = v>i\s reasons1 be introduc$ to ea* 9 its ord] z a new book4 ,,! ,,*ild',s ,,book ,,( ,,nature4 ,?ree ,p>ts 9 ,"o4 ,,"p ,i4 ,,plants4 ,,"p ,,ii4 ,,animals4 ,,"p ,,iii4 ,,air1 ,,wat]1 ,,heat1 ,,light1 c4 ,,by ,,wor?+ton ,,hook]1 ,m4,d4 ,) ,illu/rations4 ,,new ,,york3 ,,publi%$ ,,by ,,h>p] ,,bro!rs1 ,,pe>l ,,/reet1 ,,frankl9 ,,squ>e4 #ahhb4 ,,! ,,*ild',s ,,book ,,( ,,nature ,,= ,,! ,,use ,,( ,,families ,,& ,,s*ools4 ,,int5d$ ,,to ,,aid ,,mo!rs ,,& ,,tea*]s ,,9 ,,tra9+ ,,*ildr5 ,,9 ,,! ,,obs]vation ,,( ,,nature4 ,,9 ,,?ree ,,p>ts4 ,,"p ,i4--,,plants4 ,,by ,,wor?+ton ,,hook]1 ,m4,d41 ,,au?or ,,( 8,,fir/ ,,book ,,9 ,,*emi/ry10 8,,*emi/ry10 8,,natural ,,philosophy10 8,,natural ,,hi/ory10 ,,etc4 ,) ,illu/rations4 ,,new ,,york3 ,,h>p] ,,bro!rs1 ,,publi%]s1 ,,frankl9 ,,squ>e4 #ahhb4 ,by ,dr4 ,,wor?+ton ,,hook]4 ,,! ,,*ild',s ,,book ,,( ,,nature4 ,= ! ,use ( ,families & ,s*ools2 int5d$ to aid ,mo!rs & ,tea*]s 9 tra9+ ,*ildr5 9 ! ,obs]vation ( ,nature4 ,9 ?ree ,p>ts4 ,illu/rations4 ,! ,?ree ,p>ts complete 9 "o vol41 ,small #dto1 ,clo?1 #a #jj2 ,sep>ately1 ,clo?1 ,"p ,i41 #dj c5ts2 ,p>ts ,,ii4 & ,,iii41 #dd c5ts ea*4 ,,"p ,i4 ,,plants4--,,"p ,,ii4 ,,animals--,,"p ,,iii4 ,,air1 ,,wat]1 ,,heat1 ,,light1 c4 ,,fir/ ,,book ,,9 ,,*emi/ry4 ,= ! ,use ( ,s*ools & ,families4 ,revis$ ,edition4 ,illu/rations4 ,squ>e #dto1 ,clo?1 #dd c5ts4 ,,natural ,,hi/ory4 ,= ! ,use ( ,s*ools & ,families4 ,illu/rat$ by ne>ly #cjj ,engrav+s4 #abmo1 ,clo?1 #ij c5ts4 ,,sci5ce ,,= ,,! ,,s*ool ,,& ,,family4 ,,"p ,i4 ,,natural ,,philosophy4 ,illu/rat$ by ne>ly #cjj ,engrav+s4 #abmo1 ,clo?1 #ij c5ts4 ,,"p ,,ii4 ,,*emi/ry4 ,revis$ ,edition4 ,illu/rations4 #abmo1 ,clo?1 #ij c5ts4 ,,"p ,,iii4 ,,m9]alogy ,,& ,,geology4 ,illu/rations4 #abmo1 ,clo?1 #ij c5ts4 ,publi%$ by ,,h>p] ,,bro!rs1 ,frankl9 ,squ>e1 ,n4 ,y4 ,ei!r ( ! above volumes w be s5t by mail1 po/age prepaid1 to any "p ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates or ,canada1 on receipt ( ! price4 ,ent]$1 accord+ to ,act ( ,congress1 9 ! ye> "o ?\s& eight hundr$ & fifty-sev51 by ,,h>p] ,,bro!rs1 9 ! ,cl]k's ,(fice ( ! ,di/rict ,c\rt ( ! ,s\!rn ,di/rict ,c\rt ( ,new ,york4 ,,preface4 ,*ildr5 are busy obs]v]s ( natural objects1 & h _m que/ions to ask ab\t !m4 ,b _! inquisitive obs]vation is commonly repress$1 in/ead ( be+ enc\rag$ & guid$4 ,! *ief reason = ?is unnatural c\rse is1 t p>5ts & tea*]s are n 9 possession ( ! in=mation :i* is ne$$ = ! guidance ( *ildr5 9 ! obs]vation ( nature4 ,!y h n !mselves be5 taught aright1 & !re=e are n able to tea* o!rs4 ,9 _! own education ! obs]vation ( nature has be5 almo/ entirely exclud$2 & !y are1 !re=e1 unprep>$ to tea* a *ild 9 reg>d to ! simple/ natural ph5om5a4 ,"h is a radical error 9 education4 ,:5 we put a *ild into ! s*ool-room1 to be drill$ 9 spell+1 read+1 ari?metic1 geography1 etc41 we effectually %ut him 9 f all ! v>i$ & int]e/+ objects ( nature1 :i* he is s naturally incl9$ to obs]ve & /udy4 ,^! are v seldom made ! subjects ( in/ruction 9 *ildhood4 ,& ev5 at ! fireside ! defici5cy is ne>ly z great z x is 9 ! s*ool-room4 ,a simil> defect appe>s to a great ext5t ?r\gh ! :ole c\rse ( education4 ,! /udy ( ! wond]ful ph5om5a :i* are all ar\nd u & )9 u1 is1 = ! mo/ "p1 neglect$1 except by ! few ^: incl9ations to x are s /rong t !y c n be repress$4 ,?is defect is well illu/rat$ 9 a rem>k :i* 0 made by a "m 9 relation to h] own education4 ,:5 at s*ool %e /ood at ! head ( h] class1 & excell$ p>ticul>ly 9 ma!matics4 ,h] rem>k 01 t %e e day regrett$ t mu* ( ! "t %e _h giv5 to ! /udy ( ma!matics _h n be5 sp5t 9 le>n+ :at w\ld enable h] to answ] ! cont9ual que/ions ( h] *ildr54 ,ev5 :5 ! natural sci5ces are taught1 ! mode ( tea*+ !m is g5]ally ineffectual4 ,! k :i* ! mass ( pupils 9 our high] s*ools ga9 ( ,natural ,philosophy1 ,*emi/ry1 ,botany1 & ,physiology1 is v defici5t4 ,!re %\ld be a ?or\gh *ange 9 ?is respect 9 ! :ole c\rse ( education1 beg9n+ 9 *ildhood4 ,! natural sci5ces %\ld be made prom95t among ! /udies ev5 ( "y *ildr51 :o1 9 o!r words1 %\ld be enc\rag$ & guid$ 9 t obs]vation ( nature to :i* !y are g5]ally s mu* incl9$4 ,9 ! diff]5t dep>tm5ts ( natural sci5ce !re are multitudes ( facts or ph5om5a 9 :i* *ildr5 readily become int]e/$1 :5 !y are prop]ly expla9$4 ,9 ?is little book my object is to supply ! "m & ! tea*] ) ! means ( introduc+ ! *ild into "o dep>tm5t ( natural sci5ce--t :i* relates to ! vegetable _w1 or vegetable physiology4 ,) ?is view1 ,i h endeavor$ to select ^? po9ts only :i* ! *ild w fully und]/&1 & 9 :i* he w be int]e/$4 ,b ?is selection has by no means %ut me up )9 n>r[ limits4 ,i h be5 surpris$ at ! am\nt ( k 9 ?is int]e/+ /udy t c be satisfactorily communicat$ to ! m9d ( a *ild4 ,:ile ! fundam5tal po9ts 9 vegetable physiology are q fully develop$ 9 ?is book1 ,i h avoid$ z f> z possible all te*nical t]ms4 ,^! c be le>n$ :5 ! pupil becomes old en\gh to pr(it by le>n+ !m4 ,! facts1 ! ph5om5a1 are :at ! *ild wants to und]/&2 & ^! c be communicat$ 9 ! simple/ language1 s t a *ild ( ab\t sev5 or eight1 or p]haps ev5 six ye>s1 c readily be made to compreh5d !m4 ,i beg9 ) ! mo/ simple & obvi\s facts--^? :i* relate to fl[]s--& g on ?r\gh fruits1 se$s1 leaves1 roots1 etc41 /ep by /ep1 until1 at ! latt] "p ( ! book1 ! circulation ( ! sap1 & o!r po9ts at fir/ view complicat$1 are made p]fectly intelligible4 ,by ?is gradual unfold+ ( ! subject1 _m po9ts are made cle> to ! *ild1 :i* are n fully und]/ood by _m ( ^? :o 9 rip] ye>s h /udi$ botany2 = 9 ! common mode ( tea*+ ?is sci5ce ! m]e te*nicalities ( x are made prom95t1 :ile ! int]e/+ facts :i* vegetable physiology pres5ts to u 9 su* v>iety receive b little att5tion4 ,! be/ "t to use ?is book 9 tea*+ is dur+ ! summ]1 because !n e ?+ c be illu/rat$ by specim5s f ! field & ! g>d51 & ! tea*] c amplify ^u :at ,i h giv54 ,= example1 :5 ! lesson is to be on leaves1 ! tea*] c reque/ h] s*ol>s to br+ z _m diff]5t k9ds ( leaves z !y c f9d2 & %e c po9t out _! diff]5ces aft] ! same plan t ,i h adopt$1 b 9 a mu* m ext5d$ mann]4 ,inde$1 if ! tea*] cat* h]self ! true _s ( obs]vation1 %e w be cont9ually l$ 9 h] tea*+s to add facts ( h] own ga!r+ to ^? :i* ,i h pres5t$4 ,i believe t !re are few t]ms 9 ! book t c n be readily und]/ood by ! *ild4 ,a little explanation may sometimes be necess>y on ! "p ( ! tea*]1 especially :5 ! same ^w is us$ z mean+ m at "o "t ?an at ano!r4 ,= example1 ! ^w plant is us$ sometimes1 z 9 ! title ( ?is book1 to include e ?+ t is vegetable2 :ile at ano!r "t x is us$ to di/+ui% c]ta9 =ms ( vegetables f o!rs1 z 9 ! expression plants & trees4 ,i h made su* a division into *apt]s z w place ea* subject by itself1 & at ! same "t1 = ! mo/ "p1 give lessons ( a prop] l5g? = ! le>n]4 ,i h plac$ que/ions at ! end ( ea* *apt]1 = conv5i5ce 9 in/ruction4 ,( c\rse ! tea*] or p>5t w v>y !m z %e sees fit1 to accommodate ! capacities ( ^? :om %e tea*es4 ,,wor?+ton ,,hook]4 ,,cont5ts4 ,,*apt] ,,page ,i4 ,,our ,,love ,,= ,,fl[]s #ac ,,ii4 ,,m ,,ab\t ,,our ,,love ,,= ,,fl[]s #ai ,,iii4 ,,h[ ,,fl[]s ,,are ,,made #bb ,,iv4 ,,! ,,colors ,,( ,,fl[]s #be ,v4 ,,! ,,p]fume ,,( ,,fl[]s #bh ,,vi4 ,,! ,,%apes ,,( ,,fl[]s #ca ,,vii4 ,,habits ,,( ,,fl[]s #cg ,,viii4 ,,m ,,ab\t ,,! ,,habits ,,( ,,fl[]s #dj ,,ix4 ,,:at ,,live ,,on ,,fl[]s #dc ,x4 ,,m ,,ab\t ,,:at ,,live ,,on ,,fl[]s #df ,,xi4 ,,:at ,,! ,,bible ,,says ,,ab\t ,,fl[]s #di ,,xii4 ,,fruits #eb ,,xiii4 ,,m ,,ab\t ,,fruits #ee ,,xiv4 ,,:at ,,se$s ,,are ,,= #eh ,,xv4 ,,life ,,9 ,,! ,,se$ #fb ,,xvi4 ,,h[ ,,se$s ,,are ,,scatt]$ #fd ,,xvii4 ,,leaves #fg ,,xviii4 ,,m ,,ab\t ,,leaves #ga ,,xix4 ,,! ,,sap ,,9 ,,leaves #gf ,,xx4 ,,! ,,uses ,,( ,,leaves #hj ,,xxi4 ,,leaves ,,9 ,,! ,,autumn #hc ,,xxii4 ,,leaf-,,buds #hf ,,xxiii4 ,,! ,,cov]+s ,,( ,,! ,,buds #ij ,,xxiv4 ,,:at ,,roots ,,are ,,= #ib ,,xxv4 ,,m ,,ab\t ,,roots #ie ,,xxvi4 ,,/alks ,,& ,,trunks #ajj ,,xxvii4 ,,! ,,b>k ,,( ,,trees ,,& ,,%rubs #ajc ,,xxviii4 ,,! ,,wood ,,9 ,,trees ,,& ,,%rubs #aje ,,xxix4 ,,:at ,,is ,,made ,,f ,,sap #ajg ,,xxx4 ,,m ,,ab\t ,,:at ,,is ,,made ,,f ,,sap #aaj ,,xxxi4 ,,circulation ,,( ,,! ,,sap #aac ,,xxxii4 ,,! ,,sleep ,,& ,,! ,,dea? ,,( ,,plants #aaf ,,xxxiii4 ,,conclusion #aah ,,! ,,*ild',s ,,book ,,( ,,nature4 ,,"p ,i4--,,plants4 ,,*apt] ,i4 ,,our ,,love ,,= ,,fl[]s4 ,sid5ote3 ,fl[]s 9 ! g>d54 ,e body likes fl[]s4 ,we l !m :]ev] we see !m4 ,h[ pleasant !y are to our eyes z we see !m 9 ! g>d56 ,h[ _! v>i\s colors please u z we look along ! bord]s6 ,"s are r$1 "s are :ite1 "s are blue1 & "s are yell[4 ,all ^! diff]5t colors1 m+l$ ) ! fre% gre5 leaves1 make a fea/ = our eyes4 ,& !n we love to look at ea* fl[] by itself4 ,"s fl[]s we l bett] ?an we d o!rs4 ,a pretty little fl[] t smells sweet1 we l bett] ?an we d a l>ge "o t has no p]fume4 ,! peony is v beautiful1 b we d n love x z we d ! little p9k ) its delightful fragrance4 ,sid5ote3 ,! g>d5 ( ,ed54 ,x 0 a g>d5 9 :i* ,adam & ,eve 7 plac$4 ,:ile !y 7 innoc5t & pure ,god surr\nd$ !m ) beautiful ?+s1 because he lov$ !m s mu*4 ,be=e !y s9n$ !y liv$ among ! fl[]s & trees ( ! g>d5 ( ,ed54 ,x 0 m beautiful ?an any g>d5 t has be5 se5 s9ce t "t4 ,x 0 s beautiful t ,god w\ld n let ,adam & ,eve /ay 9 x aft] !y _h s9n$4 ,sid5ote3 ,fl[]s 9 ! fields4 ,z we roam ab\t ! fields & ! woods1 x is pleasant to see "h & !re a fl[]4 ,we %\ld h>dly enjoy our walk if we did n see !m4 ,!y are l famili> fri5ds t we love to meet4 ,we see !m come e ye> aft] ! w9t] is gone1 & we l to bid !m welcome4 ,a little girl1 f9d+ a wild violet e>ly 9 ! spr+1 exclaim$1 8,h[ glad ,i am to see y aga96 ,x is a long "t s9ce ,i h se5 y1 & y look z pretty z ev]60 ,! delight express$ by ?is little girl is felt by e body t loves fl[]s1 z !y come "o aft] ano!r 9 ! spr+4 ,h[ mu* we %\ld miss !m if !y did n come e ye>6 ,sid5ote3 ,! e>ly fl[]s ( spr+4 ,! e>lie/ fl[]s t we see 9 ! spr+ are ! mo/ preci\s to u4 ,!y are v welcome1 com+ s soon aft] ! cold w9t] is gone4 ,!y are ! fir/ *ildr5 ( spr+4 ,!y are few4 ,we f9d !m only "h & !re4 ,b we "k t !re w be _m m fl[]s z ! w>m summ] comes on2 & we rejoice to greet ! fir/ ( ! ho/ ( beautiful ?+s t are to delight our eyes 9 ! field & 9 ! g>d54 ,^! e>ly fl[]s t we love s mu* are v little fl[]s4 ,look at ! sweet little fl[]s ( ! trail+ arbutus z !y peep out f among its r\gh leaves4 ,x seems z if !y sc>cely d>$ to %[ !mselves1 = fe> t old w9t] _h h>dly gone4 ,! violets too1 are small1 & j lift _! heads f ! gr\nd4 ,s1 too1 ! delicate anemones1 t are mov$ by ! lea/ brea? ( air1 are v small4 ,sid5ote3 ,keep+ fl[]s 9 ! w9t]4 ,we are s fond ( fl[]s t we l to h !m :]e we c look at !m 9 ! w9t]4 ,we are n will+ to wait till spr+ comes4 ,s we keep !m 9 our w>m rooms on /&s at ! w9d[s4 ,^? :o c af=d x sometimes h gre5-h\ses1 9 ord] t !y may keep a great v>iety ( plants1 & h fl[]s all ! "t4 ,sid5ote3 ,! little girl's froz5 fl[]4 ,p sometimes become v mu* atta*$ to a few plants t !y keep 9 _! w9d[s4 ,_! op5+ fl[]s seem to smile ^u !m1 & ?is is v pleasant to !m 9 ! mid/ ( ! dre>9ess ( w9t]4 ,x makes a little summ] = !m 9-doors4 ,& if ! plants happ5 to get froz5 "s v cold night1 x makes !m feel really q sad4 ,a little girl became v mu* atta*$ to a plant giv5 to h] by h] "m4 ,%e wat]$ x e day1 & wat*$ ! buds on x z !y op5$ into fl[]s4 ,x 0 "o ( h] pets4 ,b "o night x froze1 & ! little girl wept ov] h] loss4 ,%e felt z if %e _h lo/ a sweet & ev]-smil+ fri5d4 ,a k9d neighbor gave h] ano!r plant ( ! same k9d2 b x 0 a long "t be=e %e c\ld feel t x 0 j z good z ! "o t %e _h lo/4 ,sid5ote3 ,! prison]4 ,sid5ote3 ,! fl[] 9 ! prison4 ,!re is a beautiful /ory 9 ,fr5* ( a prison] :o became exce$+ly atta*$ to a fl[]4 ,he 0 put 9 prison by ,napoleon because he 0 suppos$ to be an enemy ( ! gov]nm5t4 ,"o day z ,*>ney 7= t 0 8 "n7 0 walk+ 9 ! y>d adjo9+ 8 cell1 he saw a plant pu%+ up f betwe5 ! /ones4 ,h[ x came !re he c\ld n tell4 ,p]haps "s "o c>elessly dropp$ ! se$4 ,or p]haps ! se$ 0 bl[n ov] ! wall by ! w9d4 ,he knew n :at plant x 01 b he felt a great int]e/ 9 x4 ,%ut 9 )9 ^? walls away f all 8 fri5ds1 n p]mitt$ to int]e/ himself ) ei!r read+ or writ+1 he 0 glad to h ?is little liv+ ?+ to wat* ov] & love4 ,e day :5 he walk$ 9 ! c\rt he sp5t mu* "t 9 look+ at x4 ,he soon saw "s buds4 ,he wat*$ !m z !y grew l>g] & l>g]1 & long$ to see !m op54 ,& :5 ! fl[]s at l5g? came out he 0 fill$ ) joy4 ,!y 7 v beautiful4 ,!y _h ?ree colors 9 !m--:ite1 purple1 & rose color2 & !re 0 a delicate silv]y fr+e all r\nd ! edge4 ,_! fragrance1 too1 0 delici\s4 ,*>ney exam9$ !m m ?an any he _h ev] se5 be=e2 & nev] did fl[]s look s beautiful to him z ^!4 ,sid5ote3 ,h[ ,*>ney wat*$ & gu>d$ x4 ,*>ney gu>d$ 8 plant ) great c>e f all h>m4 ,he made a frame-"w out ( su* ?+s z he c\ld get1 s t x %\ld n be brok5 d[n by "s c>eless foot or by ! w9d4 ,"o day !re 0 a hail-/orm2 & to keep 8 t5d] plant f ! pelt+ ( ! hail1 he /ood b5d+ ov] x z long z ! /orm la/$4 ,! plant 0 some?+ m ?an a pleasure & a com=t to ! prison]4 ,x taught him "s ?+s t he _h nev] le>n$ be=e1 ?\gh he 0 a v wise man4 ,:5 he w5t into ! prison he 0 an a!i/4 ,he did n believe !re 0 a ,god2 & among 8 scribbl+s on ! prison wall he _h writt51 8,all ?+s come by *ance40 ,b z he wat*$ 8 lov$ fl[]1 its op5+ beauties told him t !re is a ,god4 ,he felt t none b ,god c\ld make t fl[]4 ,& he said t ! fl[] _h taught him m ?an he _h ev] le>n$ f ! wise m5 ( ! e>?4 ,sid5ote3 ,h[ ! prison] 0 set free4 ,! *]i%$ & gu>d$ plant prov$ ( great s]vice to ! prison]4 ,x 0 ! means ( 8 be+ set free4 ,i w tell y h[ ?is 04 ,!re 0 ano!r prison]1 an ,italian1 ^: daught] came to visit him4 ,%e 0 mu* int]e/$ by ! t5d] c>e :i* ,*>ney took ( 8 plant4 ,at "o "t x seem$ z if x 7 go+ to die1 & ,*>ney felt v sad4 ,he wi%$ t he c\ld take up ! /ones ar\nd x1 b he c\ld n )\t p]mission4 ,! ,italian girl manag$ to see ! ,empress ,joseph9e1 & to tell h] ab\t x2 & p]mission 0 giv5 to ,*>ney to d ) 8 plant z he desir$4 ,! /ones 7 tak5 up1 & ! e>? 0 loos5$1 & ! fl[] 0 soon z bright z ev] aga94 ,sid5ote3 ,! ,empress ,joseph9e's love ( fl[]s4 ,sid5ote3 ,*>ney takes 8 plant home4 ,n[ ,joseph9e ?\ght mu* ( fl[]s4 ,x is said t %e admir$ ! purple ( h] cactuses m ?an ! ,imp]ial purple ( h] robe1 & t ! p]fume ( h] magnolias 0 pleasant] to h] ?an ! flatt]y ( h] att5dants4 ,%e1 too1 _h a *]i%$ fl[]--! sweet jasm9e1 t %e _h br\ght f ! home ( h] y\?1 a f>-(f isl& ( ! ,we/ ,indies4 ,?is _h be5 plant$ & re>$ by h] own h&2 & ?\gh its simple beauty w\ld sc>cely h excit$ ! att5tion ( a /rang]1 x 0 de>] to h] ?an all ! r>e & brilliant fl[]s t fill$ h] hot-h\ses4 ,%e ?\ght a good deal1 !re=e1 ( ! prison] t took su* c>e ( 8 "o fl[]4 ,%e inquir$ ab\t him1 & aft] a little "t p]suad$ ! ,emp]or to give him 8 fre$om4 ,& :5 ,*>ney left ! prison he took ! plant ) him to 8 home2 = he c\ld n be> to "p ) ?is sweet companion t _h *e]$ him 9 8 lonely prison life1 taught him su* lessons ( wisdom1 & 0 at la/ ! means ( sett+ him free4 ,sid5ote3 ,no?+ comes by *ance4 ,"s1 p]haps1 w\ld say t ! se$ ( ?is fl[] got into t prison-y>d1 & took root 9 ! e>? betwe5 ! /ones by *ance1 & t ?is 0 all v lucky = ! prison]4 ,b ?is is n s4 ,no?+ comes by *ance4 ,god s5t t se$ !re1 & made x lodge 9 ! "r place to h x gr[4 ,he s5t x to d great ?+s = ! poor prison]4 ,little did ,*>ney ?9k1 :5 he saw t t9y plant fir/ pu%+ up f betwe5 ! /ones1 t by x ,god w\ld free him f prison1 &1 :at 0 bett]1 deliv] him f 8 infidelity4 ,que/ions4--,:at is said ( our love = fl[]s8 ,d we l "s fl[]s bett] ?an o!rs8 ,:at is said ( ! g>d5 ( ,ed58 ,h[ d we feel ab\t ! wild fl[]s ( spr+8 ,:y d we l ! e>lie/ be/8 ,are ^! l>ge or small8 ,m5tion "s ( !m4 ,:y d p keep fl[]s 9 ! w9t] 9 _! rooms & 9 gre5-h\ses8 ,tell ab\t ! little girl & h] plant4 ,:at is ! /ory ( ! ,fr5* prison] & 8 plant8 ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,,m ,,ab\t ,,our ,,love ,,= ,,fl[]s4 ,sid5ote3 ,b\quets4 ,x is f our love ( fl[]s t a b\quet is always a pretty pres5t to a fri5d4 ,! k9d tea*] is mu* gratifi$ :5 a s*ol>1 ) a bright1 *e]ful 8,good morn+10 gives h] a b\quet4 ,?\gh ! fl[]s may be simple & common1 ! pres5t is a v pleasant "o4 ,x is say+ to y\r tea*]1 ,i love ! beautiful ?+s t ,god has made1 & ,i "k t y love !m4 ,x is say+ m ?an ?is4 ,x is tell+ y\r tea*] t y love h]4 ,x is because y love h] t y give h] ! sweet fl[]s t y love s mu*4 ,& %e w feel t ?\gh ! fl[]s w fade1 y\r love to h] w ev] be fre%4 ,sid5ote3 ,fl[]s 9 ! sick *amb]4 ,h[ grateful are fl[]s 9 ! *amb] ( sickness6 ,x w\ld we>y ! sick "o to see all h] k9d fri5ds4 ,b !y c s5d h] pres5ts to let h] "k t !y ?9k ( h]4 ,& :at tok5s ( remembrance are m welcome ?an fl[]s8 ,sid5ote3 ,fl[]s z ornam5ts4 ,fl[]s are mu* us$ z ornam5ts1 ev5 among savages4 ,!y are m beautiful ?an any ornam5ts t man c make4 ,:at is m elegant ?an h&some hair dress$ ) fl[]s8 ,z natural fl[]s droop s easily1 we make artificial ones = ornam5ts4 ,sometimes !y are made s well t !y look l fre% fl[]s j pick$ f ! g>d54 ,sid5ote3 ,fl[]s 9 dress & furniture4 ,we l fl[]s s mu* t we copy !m 9 ! figures 9 dress & furniture4 ,gems & ornam5ts ( gold & silv] are arrang$ 9 fl[]-%apes4 ,figures ( fl[]s are se5 9 ! patt]ns on dresses m (t5 ?an any o!r figures4 ,! calico-pr9t] gets 8 prettie/ figures f ! fl[]s t he sees 9 ! field & g>d54 ,! ri*e/ c>pets are ^? 9 :i* ! figures are fl[]s4 ,we (t5 see 9 ! c>pet "u our feet a great v>iety ( fl[]s ( ! mo/ beautiful colors4 ,we seem to tread on b$s cr[d$ full ( roses & v>i\s k9ds ( fl[]s2 & we h no fe> ( cru%+ !m z :5 we tread on real fl[]s4 ,fl[]s1 too1 are /amp$ on ! pap]s on our walls4 ,y (t5 see repres5tations ( fl[]s wov5 9 table-clo?s & napk9s4 ,y see ! figures ( fl[]s work$ beautifully on articles ( silv]4 ,y see !m too on vases 9 :i* we put real fl[]s4 ,fl[]s are (t5 c>v$ 9 furniture1 & ev5 ! /ove-mak] has !m on 8 /oves1 :e!r !y are made = ! p>lor or ! kit*54 ,?us x is t we h fl[]s ab\t u :5ev] we c4 ,& :]e we c n h fl[]s1 we h repres5tations ( !m4 ,sid5ote3 ,:y ,god has giv5 u beautiful ?+s4 ,i said 9 ! fir/ *apt] t e body likes fl[]s4 ,p]haps ,i ought to say t almo/ e body likes !m4 ,a man may be s wick$ & s l a brute t he c see no beauty 9 fl[]s4 ,a man may love to ho>d up money1 s mu*1 t he w n c>e ab\t any ?+ beautiful4 ,"s m5 c n see any use 9 fl[]s4 ,!y ?9k t potatoes1 & turnips1 & beets1 ought to gr[ :]e _! daught]s h _! fl[]-g>d54 ,!y =get t ,god has giv5 u beautiful ?+s = ! purpose ( hav+ u enjoy !m4 ,god has a use = e ?+ t he has made1 & ?is is ! use ( fl[]s4 ,& he likes to see u love ! beautiful ?+s t he has giv5 u1 & make a prop] use ( !m4 ,sid5ote3 ,love ( *ildr5 = fl[]s4 ,*ildr5 always love fl[]s4 ,! baby puts out its little h&s to !m be=e x c hold any ?+1 & %[s t x is pleas$ by its smiles & funny noises4 ,& ! *ild t c run ab\t & talk1 is delight$ z x runs up & d[n ! g>d51 & says 8,pretty1 pretty60 to e fl[]4 ,sid5ote3 ,fl[]s 9 ! s*ool-room4 ,!re ought always to be fl[]s 9 ! s*ool-room4 ,! place :]e ! happy *ild goes to le>n %\ld be made v *e]ful4 ,pleasant ?+s w make x s1 & fl[]s are c]ta9ly v pleasant ?+s4 ,& !n1 !y are v easily obta9$4 ,s*ol>s c br+ !m1 & !y c be put into vases :]e all c see !m4 ,pictures w\ld make a s*ool-room look v pleasant1 b !y are too co/ly4 ,fl[]s are *eap1 s9ce !y commonly co/ only ! tr\ble ( ga!r+ & br++ !m to s*ool4 ,que/ions4--,:at is said ab\t giv+ a b\quet to y\r tea*]8 ,:y are pres5ts ( fl[]s s pleasant to a sick p]son8 ,:at is said ( fl[]s z ornam5ts8 ,:at ( artificial fl[]s8 ,tell h[ we copy fl[]s 9 dress & 9 furniture4 ,are !re "s :o d n l fl[]s8 ,= :at did ,god make fl[]s8 ,h[ d v little *ildr5 %[ t !y l !m8 ,:at is said ab\t hav+ fl[]s 9 ! s*ool-room8 ,,*apt] ,,iii4 ,,h[ ,,fl[]s ,,are ,,made4 ,if y love fl[]s y w l to "k all t y c ab\t !m4 ,x is j z x is :5 y love a p]son4 ,y want to "k all t y c ab\t ! fri5ds t y love s well4 ,& if y love fl[]s1 y w l to "k :at ,i h to tell y ab\t !m4 ,sid5ote3 ,:at is gr[+8 ,y g out into ! g>d51 & y see among all ! fl[]s !re a l>ge r$ rose4 ,look at x1 & see h[ _m r$ leaves x has all fold$ toge!r4 ,h[ did t rose come !re8 ,t is pla9 en\gh1 y w say--x grew !re4 ,& mo/ gr[n p z well z *ildr5 ?9k t ?is is all t is to be said ab\t x4 ,b :at is gr[+8 ,d y "k h[ a rose gr[s8 ,i w tell y some?+ ab\t ?is4 ,illu/ration ,t rose 0 once a v little bud1 su* z y see "h4 ,!n x did n look any ?+ l a rose4 ,x 0 a little gre5 ?+ ) no?+ r$ 9 x4 ,y w\ld n suppose t x ev] c\ld turn into a rose1 if y _h n se5 buds turn into roses be=e4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,rose-buds4 ,! little rose-bud becomes l>g] & l>g] e day4 ,soon x beg9s to op51 z is repres5t$ "h1 & y see ! r$ leaves ( ! fl[] all fold$ toge!r4 ,x spreads out ^! leaves aft] a little "t1 & n[ y see ! full-bl[n rose4 ,illu/ration ,"h is a repres5tation ( a rose 9 full bloom4 ,h[ mu* l>g] x is ?an ! little bud f :i* x came1 & h[ diff]5t x is f x6 ,a great _m leaves x spreads out 9 its bosom4 ,sometimes ! diff]5ce is great] ?an :at y see "h4 ,"s k9ds ( roses are v l>ge inde$1 b _! buds at ! fir/ are v small4 ,?is rose 0 made4 ,we commonly say t x grew1 )\t ?9k+ :at gr[+ is4 ,x 0 made f some?+4 ,!re 0 some?+ t came to ! bud to make x into a rose4 ,:at 0 x t came to ! bud8 ,h[ did x come !re8 ,i w tell y4 ,sid5ote3 ,roses are made out ( sap4 ,! rose 0 made f a juice1 or sap1 z we call x4 ,?is sap kept com+ to ! bud all ! "t t x 0 gr[+ l>g]1 & !n all ! "t t x 0 *ang+ into a rose4 ,we d n "k h[ ?is sap c be made into su* a beautiful r$ fl[]4 ,?is we c n und]/&4 ,! wise/ man 9 ! _w c n tell u h[ x is done4 ,b ,god1 :o made all ! fl[]s & e ?+ else1 und]/&s x4 ,sid5ote3 ,h[ ! sap comes to ! bud4 ,sid5ote3 ,sap-pipes & wat]-pipes4 ,b y w ask h[ ! sap comes to ! bud4 ,y see t sl5d] /em t holds ! rose4 ,!re are little f9e pipes 9 t /em1 & ! sap comes ?r\gh ^! pipes4 ,all ! "t t ! bud is turn+ into a rose1 ! sap comes to x ?r\gh ^! pipes 9 ! /em1 j z wat] comes ?r\gh pipes to our h\ses4 ,^! pipes 9 ! /em are v small1 & !re are a great _m ( !m4 ,!y are s small t y c n see !m1 b !y are l>ge en\gh to let ! sap run along ?r\gh !m4 ,if ! sap %\ld /op com+ ?r\gh ^! pipes to ! bud1 x c\ld n become a rose4 ,if y pick a bud1 y "k t x /ops gr[+1 & nev] becomes a rose4 ,?is is because no m sap c come to x ?r\gh ! pipes ( ! /em4 ,x is j z no wat] c come into a h\se if ! wat]-pipe be cut (f outside4 ,! sap f :i* ! rose is made we %\ld suppose w\ld be l ! rose4 ,b x is n4 ,x is n r$1 z y see break+ ! /em4 ,x does n ta/e at all l ! leaves ( ! rose4 ,sid5ote3 ,rose-buds are rose-factories4 ,x does n seem v wond]ful t ! little gre5 bud %\ld be made f ! sap 9 ! /em4 ,b x does seem v /range t ! bright-r$ leaves ( ! rose %\ld be made f x4 ,suppose "s "o %\ld take "s /ems1 & bruise !m1 s z to get ! sap out ( !m4 ,c\ld he make a rose f ?is sap8 ,oh no4 ,?is c be done only 9 ! bud4 ,t is ! rose-factory4 ,! sap mu/ g !re to be made into a rose4 ,que/ions4--,:y d y want to "k ab\t fl[]s8 ,d mo/ p ?9k x pla9 h[ a rose-bud becomes a rose8 ,h[ is ! rose diff]5t f ! bud8 ,is ! rose made8 ,:at is x made f8 ,h[ does ! sap get to ! bud8 ,if y pick a bud1 :y does x n become a rose8 ,is ! sap 9 ! /em l ! rose8 ,c any "o make a rose f ! sap8 ,,*apt] ,,iv4 ,,! ,,colors ,,( ,,fl[]s4 ,i h told y ab\t r$ roses4 ,b all roses1 y "k1 are n r$4 ,!re are :ite & yell[ roses4 ,& "s roses are a v light r$1 :ile o!rs are a d>k r$4 ,n[1 h[ are all ^! diff]5t colors made8 ,sid5ote3 ,h[ fl[]s are dy$4 ,if y ask a dy] h[ he gives clo?s diff]5t colors1 he w tell y t he dips !m into diff]5t dyes4 ,he has a dye 9 "o place t gives a r$ color1 & "o 9 ano!r place t gives a yell[ color2 & s = all ! diff]5t colors4 ,! roses are n color$ 9 ?is way2 !y are n dipp$ into dyes4 ,b ! colors mu/ come f some?+4 ,f :at d y ?9k !y come8 ,sid5ote3 ,! colors made f ! sap4 ,we d n "k exactly h[ ^! colors are made4 ,! sap seems to be ! same 9 ! /ems ( all ! diff]5t roses4 ,x is n yell[ 9 ! /em ( ! yell[ rose1 & r$ 9 ! /em ( ! r$ rose4 ,! /ems ( all ! roses are gre51 & ! buds at fir/ are gre54 ,b 9 "s way all ! diff]5t colors are made f some?+4 ,& z !re is no?+ !re b ! sap t comes 9 ! /ems1 ! colors mu/ be made f ?is4 ,air & light h some?+ to d ) mak+ ! colors1 b !y are made f ! sap4 ,i h told y only ab\t roses4 ,b !re are _m1 v _m o!r fl[]s ) e v>iety ( color4 ,!y are all made f ! sap t comes to ! buds ?r\gh ! /ems4 ,?is is true ( ! fl[]s on ! trees z well z ( ^? t y see on /alks & bu%es4 ,! sap is diff]5t 9 ! diff]5t trees & plants4 ,b 9 none ( !m c y f9d sap t is l ! fl[]s t are made f x4 ,9 "s fl[]s y see diff]5t colors beautifully mix$ toge!r4 ,^! diff]5t colors are made f ! same sap4 ,9 ! g>d5-violet y see a purple & a yell[ color4 ,9 ! iris y see a purple1 a yell[1 & a blue4 ,^! ?ree colors are v unlike1 & yet !y are made f ! same sap t comes up ! /em4 ,9 ! ,*9a p9ks y see a great v>iety ( colors alongside ( ea* o!r4 ,sid5ote3 ,mix+ & %ad+ (f ( colors 9 fl[]s4 ,sometimes ! colors %ade (f into ea* o!r beautifully4 ,y see ?is 9 ! p9k4 ,sometimes "o color is put "r ^u ano!r 9 /reaks or 9 spots4 ,y see /ripes ( color 9 tulips4 ,9 ! tig] lily !re are d>k spots ( a v diff]5t color f t r$di%-br[n ^u :i* !y are put4 ,h[ x is t out ( ! same sap "o color is made 9 "o "p ( a fl[]1 & ano!r color 9 ano!r "p1 we d n "k4 ,sometimes two entirely diff]5t colors are side by side4 ,9 "o k9d ( poppy ! leaves ( ! fl[] are :ite except on ! v end1 & !re !y are r$4 ,!y look z if all _! edges _h be5 dipp$ 9 a r$ dye4 ,n[ h[ x is t ! sap %\ld make ! fl[] :ite e :]e except on ! tips ( its leaves1 & !re make x r$1 we d n "k4 ,nei!r c we tell h[ "o color is made to %ade (f or run into ano!r color4 ,?is is (t5 s nicely done1 t y c n tell :]e "o color beg9s & ano!r ends4 ,y see ?is 9 ! apple-blossom4 ,! r$di% color runs (f into a pure :ite1 b !re is no place :]e y c say ! :ite beg9s4 ,sid5ote3 ,*ange ( color 9 "s fl[]s4 ,! colors ( fl[]s *ange "s z !y op54 ,a fl[] is n exactly ( ! same color :5 x is p>tly op5$ z x is :5 its leaves are all spread out to ! light4 ,!re is a v9e call$ ! cobea t has a s+ul> *ange 9 ! color ( its fl[]s4 ,:5 !y fir/ op5 !y are a pale gre54 ,!y are ( ?is color :5 !y are fully op5$4 ,b aft] a :ile !y h a ri* purple color4 ,x is l ! *ange ( color t y see 9 "s fruits4 ,an orange1 y "k1 is at fir/ gre52 b :5 x is ripe1 x is a bright yell[ orange4 ,i might g on to tell y mu* m ab\t ! colors ( fl[]s4 ,b y c look = y\rselves 9 ! g>d5 & 9 ! field1 & see h[ diff]5tly ! colors are arrang$ 9 "o fl[] & 9 ano!r4 ,que/ions4--,are roses ( diff]5t colors8 ,h[ does a dy] give diff]5t colors to clo?8 ,d we "k h[ ! colors ( fl[]s are made8 ,:at are !y made f8 ,:at is said ( ! great v>iety ( colors 9 fl[]s8 ,m5tion "s fl[]s 9 :i* diff]5t colors are alongside ( ea* o!r4 ,is x /range t !y are made f ! same sap8 ,:at is said ( "o k9d ( poppy8 ,:at is said ( ! %ad+ (f ( colors8 ,tell ab\t ! fl[] ( ! cobea4 ,,*apt] ,v4 ,,! ,,p]fume ,,( ,,fl[]s4 ,!re is ano!r ?+ 9 ! fl[] besides ! color t is made f ! sap4 ,x is its p]fume4 ,h[ delightful ?is is 9 ! rose6 ,& h[ long x la/s6 ,b y c smell none ( x 9 ! sap f :i* ! rose is made4 ,!re is commonly v little odor 9 ! /em ?r\gh :i* ! sap comes to a fl[]1 & x is n at all l t :i* y smell 9 ! fl[] itself4 ,sid5ote3 ,"s fl[]s p]fume-factories4 ,! p]fume is n 9 ! /em2 b t f :i* ! p]fume is made is !re4 ,some?+ is done to ! sap z x comes to ! fl[] to make x give out ! p]fume4 ,e fragrant fl[] is a p]fume-factory4 ,"s fl[]s h no odor1 :ile o!rs smell v /rong4 ,! lilac & ! syr+a1 y "k1 h a /rong smell4 ,!y are q pleasant 9 ! op5 air2 b :5 !y are 9 a clos$ room !y are disagreeable1 because _! odor is s /rong4 ,sid5ote3 ,"s h no fragrance4 ,!re is no fragrance 9 _m ( our mo/ beautiful fl[]s4 ,?is is true ( ! cactus 9 all its v>ieties4 ,:5 y look at a l>ge cactus blossom1 s spl5did 9 its colors1 x seems to y t x mu/ smell sweet4 ,b if y put x to y\r nose1 z a *ild is apt to d1 y f9d t x has no smell4 ,!n !re are ! elegant japonicas1 ( v>i\s colors1 t h no fragrance4 ,! %[y r$ peonies 9 ! g>d5 look to a *ild s mu* l l>ge r$ roses1 t x seems to him z if !y ought to h a pleasant smell4 ,b !y h none4 ,p]haps y h se5 9 ! autumn "s v bright sc>let fl[]s /&+ on a /alk 9 damp places4 ,x is ! c>d9al fl[]4 ,"s call x eye-bright4 ,?is elegant fl[] has no fragrance4 ,& !re is none 9 ! fr+$ g5tian1 ano!r beautiful wild fl[] ( autumn4 ,x seems en\gh = su* fl[]s t !y are s beautiful4 ,sid5ote3 ,"s bo? beautiful & fragrant4 ,b !re are "s fl[]s t h bo? great beauty & delici\s fragrance4 ,?is is true ( mo/ k9ds ( roses4 ,:5ev] any "o gives y a rose1 y put x up to y\r nose at once4 ,y expect t x w smell sweet1 ( c\rse2 & y feel disappo9t$ if x does n4 ,! cape jessam9e is "o ( ! mo/ beautiful ( fl[]s1 &1 at ! same "t1 x has a delightful fragrance4 ,! pure cle> :ite fl[] appe>s v beautiful among ! glossy gre5 leaves4 ,9 a s\!rn climate x is "o ( ! mo/ spl5did ( fl[]s4 ,sid5ote3 ,v>iety 9 ! fragrance ( fl[]s4 ,mo/ fl[]s h "s odor4 ,& ! odors ( ! diff]5t fl[]s are all diff]5t f ea* o!r4 ,if y 7 bl9dfold$1 & a p9k1 a rose1 an apple blossom1 a pond lily1 an orange blossom1 & a clov]-head1 7 put up to y\r nose1 "o aft] ! o!r1 y w\ld "k ea* ( !m by its smell4 ,& s ( o!r fl[]s4 ,:at a v>iety !re is 9 ! fragrance t ! fl[]s 9 ! g>d5 & ! field s5d =? into ! air6 ,:at a multitude ( diff]5t p]fume-factories has our k9d heav5ly ,fa!r provid$ j to gratify u6 ,sid5ote3 ,clov]-field4 ,sometimes a great _m ( ^! factories ( "o k9d are toge!r1 & !n ! air is fill$ ) ! p]fume !y make4 ,y w at once ?9k ( a clov]-field4 ,h[ sweet ! fragrance z ! w9d bl[s ov] ! field & br+s x to y6 ,all ?is p]fume comes f millions ( little factories4 ,= ea* clov]-head is a p]fume-factory1 z y may "k if y pick "o & smell x4 ,sid5ote3 ,grape-v9e4 ,! fragrance f ! fl[]s ( ! grape-v9e is v delici\s4 ,x is ( ?is t ,solomon speaks :5 he says1 8,! v9es ) ! t5d] grape give a good smell40 ,:5 ! grape-v9es are 9 bloom ! air is fill$ ) _! fragrance2 & yet ! fl[]s are s small1 & s ne> ! color ( ! /em & ! leaves1 t y w\ld n notice !m1 unless y look$ p>ticul>ly = !m4 ,sid5ote3 ,unpleasant odor ( "s plants4 ,!re are "s fl[]s t h an unpleasant odor4 ,sometimes ?is is because !y are poison\s1 ! odor mak+ u avoid !m1 & ?us sav+ u f dang]4 ,b 9 _m cases we c n see any su* reason = ! unpleasant odor4 ,:y x is t su* a spl5did fl[] z ! cr[n imp]ial %\ld smell s disagreeable we d n und]/&4 ,"o ?+1 h[ev]1 is true3 ! bad-smell+ plants are few1 :ile ,god has giv5 u a multitude ( ^? t smell sweet4 ,que/ions4--,:at else 9 ! fl[]1 besides color1 is made f ! sap8 ,is ! p]fume 9 ! /em8 ,:]e is x made8 ,m5tion "s fl[]s t h a /rong smell4 ,m5tion "s t are v h&some1 & yet h no fragrance4 ,m5tion "s t h bo? fragrance & beauty4 ,:at is said ab\t ! diff]5t odors ( fl[]s8 ,h[ does ?is %[ ! goodness ( ,god to u8 ,tell ab\t ! clov]-field4 ,:at is said ( ! fl[]s ( ! grape-v9e8 ,:at is said ( fl[]s ) a bad odor8 ,,*apt] ,,vi4 ,,! ,,%apes ,,( ,,fl[]s4 ,sid5ote3 ,fl[]s %ap$ l />s4 ,fl[]s are ( all k9ds ( %apes4 ,! %ape ( ! fl[] (t5 gives x its "n4 ,"s are %ap$ l />s1 & are call$ a/]s1 ! ^w 9 ,lat9 = />s4 ,!re are _m k9ds ( ^! a/]s t gr[ wild 9 ! autumn4 ,"s ( !m are blue1 "s purple1 & "s :ite4 ,& !n !re are ! ,*9a-a/]s t y see 9 ! g>d54 ,!re is a beautiful wild fl[] call$1 f its %ape1 ladies' tresses4 ,& s1 too1 we h ladies' e>-drops1 & ! lady's slipp]4 ,sid5ote3 ,butt]fly-%ap$ fl[]s4 ,illu/ration ,"s fl[]s are %ap$ l butt]flies4 ,?is is ! %ape ( ! pea-blossom :i* y see "h4 ,a v beautiful fl[] x is1 ?\gh p seldom ?9k mu* ab\t x4 ,!y ?9k only ( ! peas :i* !y are to ga!r by-&-by4 ,!re is "o curi\s ?+ ab\t ! color ( ! pea-blossom4 ,sometimes1 y "k1 x is :ite1 & sometimes x is a purpli% r$4 ,n[ :5 x is r$1 y c see r$ spots all ! way d[n ! /alk1 at ! jo9ts :]e ! bran*es g (f f x4 ,x is z if ! sap z x w5t up to color ! blossom1 left "s ( its r$ dye 9 ^! spots on ! way4 ,y see no su* spots on ! /alk :5 ! fl[]s are :ite4 ,sid5ote3 ,bell-%ap$ fl[]s4 ,"h are ! fl[]s ( ! lily ( ! valley4 ,!y are l little bells hang+ f ! /em4 ,?is is "o ( ! sweete/ ( all fl[]s4 ,! little blue-bells1 s pretty1 & yet s tr\blesome 9 ! g>d51 h _! "n f _! bell-%ape4 ,s also h ! ,cant]bury bells4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,cup-%ap$4 ,"s fl[]s are cup-%ap$4 ,?is %ape gives its "n to ! bright yell[ butt]cup t y "k s well4 ,! cup-daffodil1 z we call x1 has ! middle "p ( ! fl[] 9 ! %ape ( a cup4 ,! cup "p ( x is q deep4 ,! fl[] is b5t ov]4 ,if x /ood upright1 its cup w\ld be fill$ ) wat] :5 x ra9s4 ,! n>cissus1 too1 :i* b5ds ov] l ! cup-daffodil1 has a little cup1 z y see 9 ! figure1 9 ! middle ( x4 ,its cup1 y obs]ve1 is %all[4 ,x is some?+ l a b[l4 ,illu/ration ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,funnel-%ap$4 ,"h is a fl[] ( a funnel or tunnel %ape4 ,we see ?is %ape 9 ! fl[]s ( ! cypress-v9e1 & ( ! tobacco-plant4 ,! fl[] ( ! morn+-glory1 :i* y w see on page #da1 has ?is %ape q p]fectly4 ,x looks v mu* l a tunnel4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,calceol>ia4 ,! fl[] t y see "h is "o ( ! v>ieties ( calceol>ia4 ,x hangs d[n l a bag1 or pocket1 hav+ a r\nd op5+ above4 ,! blossom ( :i* ?is is a draw+ 0 ( a bright yell[ color ) r$ spots on x4 ,!re are _m v>ieties ( ?is s+ul> fl[]1 hav+ diff]5t colors1 & diff]5t sizes4 ,illu/ration ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,wake-rob94 ,sid5ote3 ,calla4 ,! fl[] "h repres5t$ is ! wake-rob91 or ,indian turnip4 ,x is f\nd 9 r damp & %ady places4 ,:at y see is commonly call$ ! fl[]1 b x is n really s4 ,x is a cov]+ = ! fl[]s ( ! plant1 :i* are v small4 ,!y are on ! l[] "p ( t r\nd$ /alk t /&s up 9 ! middle4 ,?is spl5did cov]+ or h\se = ! little fl[]s is gre5 9 "o v>iety1 & ( a d>k purple 9 ! o!r4 ,9 ! beautiful calla ! fl[]s are small1 & are on a /alk l t 9 ! wake-rob94 ,t pure :ite trumpet-%ap$ ?+ t we s mu* admire is n really ! fl[]1 ?\gh x is call$ s4 ,sid5ote3 ,trumpet-creep]4 ,sid5ote3 ,cat*+ humm+-birds4 ,"s fl[]s are %ap$ l a trumpet4 ,?is is ! %ape ( ! blossom ( ! trumpet-creep]4 ,! blossom1 y "k1 is v deep4 ,! humm+-bird is fond ( go+ q into x4 ,i suppose he goes 9 aft] ! honey 9 ! bottom ( ! fl[]4 ,i h sometimes caught ?is beautiful bird by grasp+ ! blossom 9 my h& :5 he _h fairly got into x4 ,i only kept ! trembl+ little creature long en\gh to let u see h[ beautiful he 01 & h[ curi\sly 8 long bill 0 made1 ) its sl5d] tongue1 to ga!r ! honey4 ,i soon set him free1 & he 0 (f aga9 z joy\s & z busy z ev]1 go+ f fl[] to fl[]4 ,! blossom ( ! snap-dragon has a que] %ape t gives x its "n4 ,by press+ x toge!r sideways1 y c make x op5 l a m\?1 & !re are little :ite ?+s t look l tee?4 ,& !n1 if y let g ( x1 ?is m\? snaps toge!r4 ,y h (t5 se5 ! gold5 rod by ! road-side 9 ! la/ ( summ] & 9 autumn4 ,its gold5 yell[ blossoms gr[ on a tall /alk 9 su* a way t its "n seems a v prop] "o4 ,x is truly a rod ( gold5 fl[]s4 ,sid5ote3 ,comp\nd fl[]s4 ,!re are "s fl[]s t are call$ comp\nd4 ,!y are call$ s because ea* fl[] is made up ( a great _m fl[]s4 ,! d&elion is a fl[] ( ?is k9d4 ,ea* blossom has a great numb] ( fl[]s 9 x4 ,^! y c easily pick ap>t4 ,ea* "o ( ^! looks beautiful if y see x ?r\gh a microscope4 ,sid5ote3 ,ox-ey$ daisy4 ,! blossom ( ! clov] is "o ( ! same k9d ( fl[]s4 ,! :ite daisy1 too1 or ox-ey$ daisy1 z "s call x1 t y see scatt]$ ov] fields among ! grass1 is a comp\nd fl[]4 ,i h c\nt$ 9 "o ( ^! blossoms ov] six hundr$ fl[]s4 ,^! fl[]s are 9 ! yell[ "p 9 ! middle1 t has a r[ ( :ite leaves all ar\nd x4 ,!y are v small4 ,b :5 y look at !m ?r\gh a microscope1 y c see t ea* "o is a beautiful1 p]fect fl[]4 ,s1 !n1 !re is a :ole g>d5 ( fl[]s 9 "o ( ^! blossoms4 ,if ^! six hundr$ fl[]s c\ld be tak5 out & turn$ into l>ge fl[]s1 !y w\ld make v mu* su* a %[ z six hundr$ yell[ lilies w\ld4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,m\nta9 daisy4 ,! m\nta9 daisy1 "h repres5t$1 is a pretty little fl[] ( ! same k9d4 ,x has 9 its gold5 yell[ bosom a multitude ( little fl[]s close toge!r1 j z our common :ite daisy has4 ,& ar\nd ?is yell[ "p !re is a r[ ( delicate leaves1 sometimes r$di%1 & sometimes :ite4 ,?is is a favorite fl[] 9 ,engl& & ,scotl&1 :]e x is v common 9 ! fields4 ,!re has be5 a great deal ( poetry writt5 ab\t x4 ,burns1 ! great poet ( ,scotl&1 has "s sweet v]ses to ?is 8wee1 mode/1 crimson-tipp$ fl[]10 z he calls x4 ,"h are "s l9es t "s "o has writt5 ab\t x4 8,i'm a pretty little ?+1 ,always com+ ) ! spr+2 ,9 ! mead[s gre5 ,i'm f\nd1 ,peep+ j above ! gr\nd1 ,& my /alk is cov]$ flat ,) a :ite & yell[ hat4 8,little maid51 :5 y pass ,lightly o'er ! t5d] grass1 ,/ep aside1 & d n tread ,on my meek & l[ly head1 ,= ,i always seem to say1 ,*illy w9t]'s gone away40 ,v pretty poetry ?is is1 b ,i ?9k ! poet is wrong 9 mak+ ?is mode/ little fl[] praise itself4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,tassels ( ! will[1 ald]1 etc4 ,! fl[]s on _m trees hang d[n1 z repres5t$ 9 ?is figure1 9 tassels4 ,! fl[]s ( ! will[ hang 9 ?is way4 ,!re are a great _m fl[]s 9 ea* tassel4 ,9 ! figure1 9 "o ( ! tassels ! fl[]s are fully op51 & 9 ! o!r !y are n4 ,sometimes !y are v delicate4 ,!y are 9 ! black ald]4 ,x is curi\s to see h[ diff]5t !y look :5 ! fl[]s are op5 & :5 !y are n4 ,:5 !y are op51 !y look beautiful1 z se5 ?r\gh a microscope4 ,:5 ! *e/nut-trees are 9 blossom1 _! tassels1 hang+ 9 clu/]s1 give !m a v ri* appe>ance4 ,sid5ote3 ,:y fl[]s h su* v>iety ( %apes4 ,y h se5 9 ?is *apt] t ! v>iety ( %apes 9 fl[]s is v great4 ,x is almo/ )\t limit4 ,n[ ! ,creator makes all ?is v>iety ( =m = ! same reason t he gives to fl[]s su* a v>iety ( colors4 ,x is to fea/ our eyes & make u happy4 ,que/ions4--,m5tion "s ( ! %apes ( fl[]s spok5 ( 9 ! fir/ ( ! *apt]4 ,tell ab\t ! pea-blossom4 ,m5tion "s fl[]s t are %ap$ l bells4 ,m5tion "s t are cup-%ap$4 ,m5tion "s t are %ap$ l a tunnel4 ,tell ab\t ! calceol>ia4 ,tell ab\t ! ,indian turnip & ! calla4 ,:at is said ( ! trumpet-creep]8 ,( ! snap-dragon8 ,( ! gold5 rod8 ,:at are comp\nd fl[]s8 ,m5tion "s ( !m4 ,tell ab\t ! :ite daisy4 ,also ! m\nta9 daisy4 ,m5tion "s trees t h _! fl[]s 9 tassels4 ,tell ab\t ^! tassels4 ,:y has ,god giv5 su* v>iety ( %ape to fl[]s8 ,,*apt] ,,vii4 ,,habits ,,( ,,fl[]s4 ,fl[]s h habits1 or ways ( act+1 j z p d4 ,i w tell y ab\t "s ( !m4 ,sid5ote3 ,fl[]s turn+ to ! light4 ,all fl[]s naturally turn t[>d ! light1 z if !y lov$ x4 ,y c see ?is if y wat* plants t are /&+ ne> a w9d[4 ,! fl[]s w all be b5t t[>d ! light if y let ! pots /& j 9 ! same way all ! "t4 ,by turn+ ! pots a little e day or two :ile ! blossoms are op5+1 y c make ! fl[]s look 9 diff]5t directions4 ,sid5ote3 ,! bumble-bee 9 ! tulip4 ,!re are "s fl[]s t %ut !mselves up at night z if to g to sleep1 & op5 aga9 9 ! morn+4 ,tulips d ?is4 ,i 0 once admir+ 9 ! morn+ "s fl[]s t 7 s5t to me ! ev5+ be=e by a lady4 ,among !m 7 "s tulips1 & out ( "o ( ^!1 z x op5$1 flew a bumble-bee4 ,a lazy1 droni% bee he mu/ h be5 to be caught 9 ?is way z ! fl[] 0 clos+ itself = ! night4 ,or1 p]haps he _h done a h>d day's "w 9 ga!r+ honey1 & j at night 0 s sleepy t he /ay$ too long 9 ! tulip1 & s 0 %ut 94 ,a v elegant b$ ! old bee _h t night4 ,i wond] if he slept any bett] ?an he w\ld h done if he _h be5 9 8 homely ne/4 ,sid5ote3 ,m\nta9 daisies4 ,! pond-lily closes its pure :ite leaves at night z x lies ^u its wat]y b$4 ,b x unfolds !m aga9 9 ! morn+4 ,h[ beautiful x looks z x is spread out ^u ! wat] 9 ! sunlight6 ,! little m\nta9 daisy t ,i told y ab\t 9 ! la/ *apt]1 is among ! fl[]s t close at night4 ,b x is z bright z ev] on its 8sl5d] /em0 :5 x wakes up 9 ! morn+4 ,:5 x %uts itself up x is a little r\nd gre5 ball1 & looks some?+ l a pea4 ,y w\ld n see x 9 ! mid/ ( ! grass if y did n look = x4 ,b look ! next morn+1 & ! ball is op5$1 & %[s 8a gold5 tuft )9 a silv] cr[n40 ,& v beautiful x is :5 !re are s _m ( ! daisies toge!r t ! grass is spangl$ ) !m 9 ! bright sun4 ,x is suppos$ t ?is fl[] 0 at fir/ call$ 8day's eye10 because x op5s its eye at ! day's dawn1 & aft] a :ile x became %ort5$ to daisy4 ,sid5ote3 ,d&elions4 ,sid5ote3 ,salsify4 ,! gold5 fl[]s ( ! d&elion are %ut up e night4 ,!y are fold$ up s closely 9 _! gre5 cov]+s1 t !y look l buds t h nev] yet be5 op5$4 ,! blossoms ( ! salsify1 or vegetable oy/]1 close 9 ! same mann]1 b n at ! same "t4 ,!y close always at noon4 ,9 ! morn+ _! tall1 /raight /alks make q a brilliant appe>ance1 ea* "o hav+ a deep purple fl[] at its top4 ,all ^! are %ut up 9 ! aft]noon1 & y see at ! top ( ea* /alk a l>ge po9t$ bud4 ,! fl[]s ( ?is plant are v mu* l ! d&elion1 bo? :5 clos$ & :5 op54 ,! se$s1 also1 are v simil>1 z y w see 9 ano!r *apt]1 & make toge!r1 ar\nd ! top ( ! /alk1 a simil> fea!ry globe4 ,!re is "o curi\s habit :i* ! d&elion has4 ,:5 ! sun is v hot x closes itself up to keep f wilt+4 ,x is 9 ?is way %elt]$ 9 its gre5 cov]+ f ! sun4 ,x sometimes1 :5 ! wea!r is v hot1 %uts itself up z e>ly z n9e o'clock 9 ! morn+4 ,"s fl[]s hang d[n _! heads at night z if !y 7 nodd+ 9 _! sleep4 ,b 9 ! morn+ !y lift !m up aga9 to welcome ! light4 ,sid5ote3 ,primroses4 ,sid5ote3 ,f\r o'clocks4 ,"s fl[]s h a p>ticul> "t to op54 ,! ev5+ primrose does n op5 till ev5+1 & h5ce comes its "n4 ,! fl[] call$ f\r o'clock op5s at t h\r 9 ! aft]noon4 ,!re is a fl[] commonly call$ g-to-b$-at-noon1 t always op5s 9 ! morn+ & %uts up at noon4 ,sid5ote3 ,fl[]s ( ! cypress-v9e4 ,mo/ fl[]s la/ = "s "t4 ,b !re are "s t la/ only a few h\rs4 ,! r$ fl[]s ( ! delicate & ri* cypress-v9e op5 9 ! morn+1 & 9 ! aft]noon !y close up1 nev] to op5 aga94 ,b !re are always "s buds to op5 e day4 ,x is delightful to "o :o loves fl[]s to see e morn+ a new set ( ^! bright blossoms appe> among ! f9e d>k-gre5 leaves ( ?is v9e4 ,que/ions4--,:at is said ( fl[]s turn+ to ! light8 ,:at d "s fl[]s d at night8 ,tell ab\t ! bumble-bee4 ,:at is said ( ! pond-lily8 ,:at ( ! m\nta9 daisy8 ,:at ( ! d&elion8 ,:at is said ( ! "t ( op5+ ( "s fl[]s8 ,tell ab\t ! fl[]s ( ! cypress-v9e4 ,,*apt] ,,viii4 ,,m ,,ab\t ,,! ,,habits ,,( ,,fl[]s4 ,sid5ote3 ,buds & fl[]s ( ! morn+-glory4 ,y h (t5 se5 ! fl[]s ( ! morn+-glory4 ,^! la/ only f e>ly 9 ! morn+ to noon1 or a little aft] noon4 ,9 ! aft]noon !y are all clos$1 & ! v9es look v dull )\t any fl[]s on !m4 ,b look ! next morn+1 & y w see a pl5ty ( ^! beautiful fl[]s4 ,!y op5 be=e mo/ p are out ( _! b$s4 ,&1 j z ,i told y ab\t ! cypress-v9e1 !re is a new set ( !m e day4 ,illu/ration ,x is curi\s to see 9 :at way ! blossom ( ! morn+-glory op5s & !n %uts itself up to die4 ,if y look 9 ! aft]noon y w f9d "h & !re a bud %ap$ z y see 9 ?is figure4 ,! fl[] "p ( x1 y obs]ve1 is twi/$ at its po9t$ end 9 a spiral mann]2 t is1 some?+ l a cork-screw4 ,?is bud w be an op5 fl[] ! next morn+4 ,on ! foll[+ page y see ! fl[] z x looks :5 x is fully op5$4 ,!re are ribs runn+ up f ! l[] "p ( ! fl[]4 ,ea* ( ^! ribs comes to a po9t at ! edge4 ,!y give firmness to ! blossom4 ,!y are its frame-"w1 its timb]s4 ,)\t ^! ribs x c\ld n /& l a cup on its /em1 z x does n[1 b w\ld hang loosely d[n4 ,! op5 spread "p ( ! fl[] is v ?91 & ! ribs are to x :at ! :alebones are to an umbrella4 ,illu/ration ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,clos+ ( ! fl[] ( ! morn+-glory4 ,9 ?is figure y see h[ ! fl[] looks z x is p>tly clos$4 ,! po9ts ( ! ribs are all turn$ 9 t[>d ! middle ( ! fl[]4 ,!y b5d 9 m & m1 & aft] a :ile ! fl[] wilts & dies4 ,n[ x is curi\s t ! ribs ( ! fl[] %\ld be fold$ s diff]5tly :5 x closes f :at !y are be=e x op5s4 ,be=e x op5s !y are fold$ 9 a spiral =m1 z y see 9 ! figure 9 ! prec$+ page4 ,:5 x closes1 we w\ld suppose t !y w\ld fold up 9 ! same =m4 ,b !y d n4 ,!y b5d /raight ov]1 & ! po9ts come toge!r 9 ! middle ( ! fl[]4 ,sid5ote3 ,night-bloom+ c]eus4 ,!re are "s fl[]s t op5 only at night4 ,t spl5did fl[]1 ! night-bloom+ c]eus1 is "o ( !m4 ,& x op5s only once4 ,x lets u see its beauty only a few h\rs1 & !n x wilts & dies4 ,x is a v l>ge fl[]1 & its op5+ is commonly wat*$ = ) great eag]ness4 ,x is a r>e fl[]1 & x is only n[ & !n t we c get an opportunity ( see+ x4 ,x is v fragrant4 ,x op5s commonly q late 9 ! ev5+1 & %uts itself up ! latt] "p ( ! night4 ,x nev] lets ! light ( day into its bosom4 ,x makes u feel almo/ sad t s beautiful a fl[] la/s s %ort a "t4 ,we %\ld feel really sad if mo/ fl[]s did n la/ long] ?an ?is4 ,sid5ote3 ,! succession ( fl[]s4 ,?r\gh spr+1 summ]1 & autumn1 we h a succession ( fl[]s ( e k9d4 ,"s la/ b a little :ile1 & "s fea/ our eyes = a long "t4 ,!y come "o aft] ano!r4 ,ea* has its own season1 & op5s at its appo9t$ "t e ye>4 ,9 ?is succession ( fl[]s we are nev] )\t "s ( !m be=e u till ! cold wea!r ( w9t] comes aga94 ,god has ?us k9dly provid$ u ) beautiful ?+s to look ^u1 9 ! g>d5 & 9 ! field1 ?r\gh all ! w>m] mon?s ( ! ye>4 ,9 ! spr+ ! fl[]s are small & delicate1 b are g5]ally q fragrant4 ,9 ! summ] we h v _m m fl[]s ?an 9 spr+ or autumn4 ,!y h e v>iety ( color & %ape4 ,!y are commonly v fragrant1 s t ! air is fill$ ) pleasant odors4 ,9 autumn ! fl[]s g5]ally h bright colors1 & are v %[y2 b few ( !m h any fragrance4 ,que/ions4--,h[ are ! fl[]s ( ! morn+-glory l ^? ( ! cypress-v9e8 ,tell ab\t ! bud ( ! morn+-glory2 also ab\t ! fl[] :5 x is op51 its %ape1 & its ribs2 also ab\t ! way 9 :i* x %uts up4 ,:at is said ( ! night-bloom+ c]eus8 ,tell ab\t ! succession ( fl[]s4 ,h[ are ! fl[]s ( ! spr+1 & summ]1 & autumn diff]5t8 ,,*apt] ,,ix4 ,,:at ,,live ,,on ,,fl[]s4 ,sid5ote3 ,food 9 fl[]s4 ,fl[]s are made *iefly = u to look at4 ,x is to gratify our eyes1 z ,i h be=e told y1 t ! ,creator has made !m s beautiful1 & has giv5 to !m su* a v>iety ( %ape & color4 ,b !y are good = some?+ else besides ?is4 ,_m diff]5t animals get _! food f !m4 ,^! animals are v small1 & ne$ b little food2 b t little !y get f fl[]s4 ,sid5ote3 ,honey-bees4 ,y see _m diff]5t k9ds ( insects ab\t mo/ fl[]s4 ,mo/ ( ^! insects1 we suppose1 live ^u ! honey t !y f9d !re4 ,we "k t "s d1 = we see !m ga!r+ x4 ,we see ! bees d ?is4 ,! busy little honey-bee goes f fl[] to fl[]1 & gets a little honey f ea*4 ,:5 he has ga!r$ z mu* z he well c c>ry1 (f he flies to lay x up 9 ! hive4 ,a great _m bees !re are 9 "o hive2 & ea* br++ cont9ually 8 little load1 !y aft] a :ile lay up a l>ge am\nt ( honey4 ,sid5ote3 ,bumble-bees4 ,! bumble-bee1 too1 is busy among ! fl[]s4 ,see h[ quickly he flies f "o fl[] to ano!r1 humm+ z he goes4 ,n[ he comes to a little fl[]1 /icks 8 head 91 & 9 a mom5t is (f--buzz1 buzz--= ano!r4 ,& n[ y see him come to a l>ge1 deep fl[]2 & 9 he goes1 almo/ out ( sight1 & 8 buzz+ is /opp$ = "s "t4 ,soon he backs out to fly to ano!r4 ,& s he goes f fl[] to fl[] to ga!r 8 load ( honey4 ,sid5ote3 ,curi\s facts ab\t bumble-bees4 ,i h be5 amus$ to see h[ ! bumble-bee manages ) "s fl[]s4 ,! fl[] ( ! cypress-v9e is v deep1 b x is s small t he c n get into x s z to rea* ! honey4 ,he kn[s t !re is honey !re1 = he smells x4 ,n[ h[ d y ?9k he gets at x8 ,by work+ away a little :ile he pu%es himself into ! fl[] s z to split x op54 ,& n[ he c come to ! bottom ( ! fl[] :]e ! honey is4 ,9 ?is way he spoils a great _m fl[]s 9 gett+ 8 load ( honey4 ,i h obs]v$ "o ?+ ab\t ! bumble-bees t ,i d n und]/&4 ,"s ( !m g inside ( fl[]s to get _! honey1 :ile o!rs g only on ! outside1 j at ! bottom ( ! cup ( ! fl[]4 ,x is curi\s to see two bumble-bees on "o /alk ( fl[]s1 "o go+ into all ( !m1 & ! o!r gett+ 8 honey f ! outside ( !m4 ,i h (t5 se5 ?is1 b nev] c\ld f9d ! reason ( x4 ,ano!r ?+ ,i h obs]v$ ab\t ! bumble-bees4 ,ea* "o g5]ally goes only to fl[]s ( "o k9d4 ,if1 = in/ance1 he beg9s ) *9a-a/]s1 he w g to no o!r fl[]s to ga!r 8 honey4 ,he w sometimes take a look at o!rs z he goes buzz+ along1 b he flies on till he f9ds "s m *9a-a/]s4 ,soon (f he />ts = 8 ne/1 & p]haps1 :5 he comes aga91 he goes to "s o!r k9d ( fl[]s4 ,if he beg9 n[ ) morn+-glories1 y w see him pu%+ himself into e "o t he comes to1 & he w n /op at any o!r fl[]4 ,sid5ote3 ,honey made f diff]5t ?+s4 ,we commonly speak ( ! bees z ga!r+ honey4 ,?is is n exactly correct4 ,!y make honey out ( :at !y get f ! fl[]s4 ,& x is well kn[n t ! honey-bees1 z !y are call$1 c manufacture bett] honey f :at !y ga!r f "s fl[]s ?an !y c f :at !y ga!r f o!rs4 ,f ! fragrant fl[]s ( ! g>d5 & ! :ite clov] ( ! fields is made ! delicate :ite honey t y (t5 see on ! tea-table4 ,b ! bee c n always f9d su* nice food2 & !n x flies (f to ! buck:eat fields1 or p]haps helps itself to ! dra9+s ( "s molasses or sug> cask 9 front ( ! groc]'s door4 ,honey made f ^! ?+s does v well = ! bees' w9t] /ore1 b x does n suit our ta/e4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,butt]flies4 ,^? beautiful insects1 ! butt]flies1 get _! liv+ among ! fl[]s4 ,z !y fly ab\t1 !y n[ & !n /op & re/ ^u "s fl[]1 z y see ?is "o do+4 ,?is is done n m]ely = ! sake ( re/+1 b to take "s food f ! fl[]4 ,que/ions4--,:at use h fl[]s besides be+ beautiful to look at8 ,:at is said ( ! honey-bee8 ,:at ( ! bumble-bee8 ,tell h[ he manages ) ! fl[]s ( ! cypress-v9e4 ,:at is said ab\t bumble-bees go+ "s to ! inside & "s to ! outside ( fl[]s8 ,:at is said ab\t ! mak+ ( honey8 ,tell ab\t ! butt]flies4 ,,*apt] ,x4 ,,m ,,ab\t ,,:at ,,live ,,on ,,fl[]s4 ,! humm+-bird also lives on ! fl[]s4 ,?is little creature seems always to be on ! w+ :5 he is n 9 8 ne/4 ,he is seldom se5 sitt+ on a bran* l o!r birds4 ,z he puts 8 long bill into a fl[] he does n /& on any ?+4 ,he is held up by 8 flutt]+ w+s4 ,8 w+s nev] seem to be /ill1 b are always quiv]+4 ,& !n h[ v quickly he goes f "o fl[] to ano!r4 ,he seems to d>t z if by a sudd5 spr+1 in/ead ( fly+ l o!r birds4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,! humm+-bird & 8 ne/4 ,"h is a repres5tation ( a humm+-bird1 ) 8 ne/4 ,x is ! smalle/ ne/ t is made by a bird4 ,x is nicely made4 ,x is v s(t inside ) d[n & o!r ?+s4 ,! outside is g5]ally cov]$ ) moss ga!r$ f trees or f5ces4 ,fa/5$ to ! bran* ( a tree1 z y see1 x does n appe> l a ne/ if y look at x sideways4 ,x is s ne>ly ( ! same color ) ! b>k ( ! bran*1 t y w\ld n be apt to obs]ve x unless y 7 look+ v %>ply4 ,sid5ote3 ,anecdote ab\t a humm+-bird4 ,a lady once f\nd a humm+-bird t seem$ almo/ dead4 ,its long sl5d] tongue lay out ( its bill1 & x 0 v dry4 ,%e piti$ ! poor bird1 & moi/5$ its tongue ) a little sug> & wat]4 ,x drew its tongue 91 & !n put x out aga94 ,z x seem$ to l ! sug> & wat]1 %e gave x m4 ,soon ! little creature 0 s reviv$ t x 0 on its flutt]+ w+s aga91 & flew (f to sip some?+ bett] ?an sug> & wat] f ! beautiful fl[]s4 ,i h told y ab\t ! bees & butt]flies4 ,!re are o!r insects besides ^! t seem to get _! liv+ f fl[]s4 ,!re is a great v>iety ( !m ab\t fl[]s1 if we look = !m4 ,/4 ,pi]re1 a ,fr5*man 9 ,p>is1 wat*$ a /rawb]ry-plant t he _h 9 a fl[]-pot4 ,9 ?ree weeks he c\nt$ ?irty-sev5 diff]5t k9ds ( insects t visit$ x4 ,sid5ote3 ,v>iety ( insects ab\t fl[]s4 ,if y g out into ! g>d5 9 ! middle ( ! day1 y w see :at a v>iety ( insects !re is4 ,!re are m ab\t "s fl[]s ?an ab\t o!rs4 ,ab\t "s ( !m !re are s _m t x makes a v lively1 busy sc5e4 ,besides ! bees y w see flies ( e color & ( e size4 ,"s are fly+ f fl[] to fl[]4 ,"s seem to be on ! w+ all ! "t4 ,^! are all ! :ile s++ z !y hov] ov] ! fl[]s1 z if !y enjoy$ !mselves v mu* 9 look+ at su* beautiful ?+s4 ,& o!rs are re/+ !mselves "h & !re1 or are walk+ leisurely ab\t4 ,sid5ote3 ,bugs on fl[]s4 ,besides ! flies1 !re are bugs crawl+ ab\t on ! fl[]s4 ,^! are ( v>i\s sizes1 & "s ( !m are v small4 ,"s ( !m h brilliant & ri* colors4 ,!re is a great deal ( hum & /ir ab\t a plant :]e !re are s _m insects4 ,x is j z x is :]e !re are _m p toge!r4 ,& z "s p make m noise ?an o!rs1 s x is ) insects4 ,s1 too1 "s insects are m bu/l+ ?an o!rs4 ,sid5ote3 ,insects mo/ly gone f fl[]s at night4 ,at night ! sc5e is *ang$4 ,! buzz+ ( ! bees & ! s++ ( ! flies are done4 ,! insects h got ?r\gh ) _! "w & _! play1 & h gone to ! places :]e !y sleep4 ,if y look j at dusk at a plant t y h se5 all alive ) insects 9 ! day1 y w f9d all quiet4 ,! insects are all gone1 except1 p]haps1 "s little ones t h gone into ! fl[]s to sleep on ! s(t & elegant b$ !y f9d !re4 ,sid5ote3 ,! *ill$ bumble-bee4 ,sometimes insects1 l p1 get into tr\ble by /ay+ out late at night4 ,on a cool morn+ ,i f\nd a bumble-bee cl++ to a fl[]4 ,he 0 v torpid1 & he c\ld n fly :5 ,i pok$ him ) a little /ick4 ,he c\ld only buzz & ?ru/ out 8 /+4 ,aft] ! sun w>m$ him he flew (f4 ,i suppose t he /ay$ out s late t he got *ill$1 & c\ld n make 8 way home to 8 ne/4 ,que/ions4--,tell ab\t ! humm+-bird1 & ab\t 8 ne/4 ,give ! anecdote told ab\t a humm+-bird4 ,tell ab\t ! ,fr5*man & 8 /rawb]ry-plant4 ,:at is said ( ! v>iety ( flies t we see ab\t fl[]s8 ,& ( ! v>iety ( bugs8 ,:at is said ( ! hum & /ir ab\t "s plants8 ,h[ is x at night8 ,tell ab\t ! bumble-bee4 ,,*apt] ,,xi4 ,,:at ,,! ,,bible ,,says ,,ab\t ,,fl[]s4 ,sid5ote3 ,:y man is comp>$ to a fl[]4 ,fl[]s are (t5 m5tion$ 9 ! ,bible4 ,man is said to be l a fl[]1 because z he dies & is buri$ 9 ! e>?1 s ! fl[] fades & )]s1 & falls to ! gr\nd4 ,i might give y _m texts :]e ?is comp>ison is made4 ,b ,i w m5tion only "o1 :i* y w f9d 9 ! fir/ *apt] ( ! ,fir/ ,epi/le ( ,pet]1 9 ! tw5ty-f\r? v]se4 8,= all fle% is z grass1 & all ! glory ( man z ! fl[] ( grass4 ,! grass )]e?1 & ! fl[] !re( falle? away40 ,man is comp>$ 9 ! ,bible to a fl[] = ano!r reason4 ,fl[]s live b a little :ile4 ,?is is true ev5 ( ^? t live ! longe/4 ,"s la/ b a few h\rs1 z ,i told y ab\t ! fl[]s ( ! morn+-glory & ! cypress-v9e4 ,s x is ) mank9d4 ,"s die v "y4 ,^! are l ! morn+-glories4 ,!y are beautiful :ile !y live1 & p>5ts & fri5ds l to look at !m1 j z we l to look at ! beautiful fl[]s4 ,b _! life is %ort1 v %ort1 l a fl[] t blooms only = a day1 & !n )]s & falls4 ,:5 su* a *ild dies1 h[ appropriate to put fl[]s into ! c(f96 ,! dead *ild is beautiful & pleasant to look ^u1 l ! fl[] cut f its /alk1 & bo? w decay toge!r4 ,b p]haps y w say t old p]sons are n l fl[]s1 = !y live a great :ile4 ,x may seem a long "t to y1 b if y ask !m1 !y w tell y t life1 z !y look back ^u x1 is v %ort4 ,!y are l ! fl[]s t live ! longe/4 ,:ile ! infant t dies is l ! fl[] t lives b a few h\rs1 ^? t die old are l ! fl[]s t la/ _m days4 ,t is all ! diff]5ce4 ,all fl[]s die1 & s d all p1 & o!r fl[]s & o!r p take _! places4 ,sid5ote3 ,:y dea? is said to cut d[n p4 ,9 comp>+ p to fl[]s1 ! ,bible speaks ( !m z be+ cut d[n4 ,& y h p]haps se5 9 an old prim] ,"t repres5t$ z an old man hav+ a scy!1 & und]nea? x reads3 ,"t cuts d[n all1 ,bo? great & small4 ,x is because dea? is (t5 s sudd5 bo? to "y & old t !y are said to be cut d[n l ! grass or ! fl[]4 ,y see a beautiful fl[] /&+ among ! grass1 fre% & gay1 9 ! bright sun4 ,b ! m[]'s scy! cuts x d[n1 & x wilts & dies4 ,s x is :5 dea? comes1 z x sometimes does1 to ! /rong & beautiful4 ,s sudd5 is ! *ange1 t x seems z if !y 7 really cut d[n l ! fl[]4 ,sid5ote3 ,! lilies ( ! field4 ,sid5ote3 ,fl[]s & clo? comp>$4 ,!re is "o comp>ison ab\t ! beauty ( fl[]s t y h (t5 read 9 ! ,bible4 ,x is ?is3 8,consid] ! lilies ( ! field1 h[ !y gr[2 !y toil n1 nei!r d !y sp92 & yet ,i say unto y1 t ev5 ,solomon 9 all 8 glory 0 n array$ l "o ( ^!40 ,n[ ,solomon _h v ri* clo?+1 = he 0 a v ri* k+4 ,b take ! ri*e/ clo?+ & look at x c>efully1 & !n look at ev5 common fl[]s1 & y w say t !y are mu* m beautiful ?an ! clo?+4 ,& ! diff]5ce is v great :5 y use a microscope4 ,! spl5did clo? looks co>se & r\gh :5 magnifi$4 ,b x is n s ) ! fl[]s4 ,! m !y are magnifi$ ! m beautiful !y appe>4 ,sid5ote3 ,we$y-look+ fl[]s4 ,ev5 fl[]s t we commonly ?9k ( z we$s1 are beautiful :5 we come to exam9e !m4 ,! ox-ey$ daisy is n consid]$ at all pretty4 ,b pick x & look at x c>efully1 & y w see mu* beauty 9 x4 ,& if1 ) a microscope1 y look at "o ( ! six hundr$ fl[]s 9 its yell[ bosom1 y w say t 9 ?is we$y-look+ fl[] !re is a :ole g>d5 ( beauties4 ,few p ?9k mu* ab\t ! tassels t hang on s _m ( ! trees & %rubs 9 ! spr+2 b1 z ,i h told y be=e1 !y are ri* 9 beauty :5 we exam9e !m4 ,que/ions4--,:y does ! ,bible comp>e man to a fl[]8 ,:at o!r reason is !re = ?is comp>ison8 ,:at fl[]s are !y l t die "y1 & :at are !y l t die old8 ,:y are p :5 !y die said to be cut d[n l ! grass or ! fl[]8 ,:at does ! ,bible say ( ! lilies ( ! field8 ,:at is ! diff]5ce betwe5 clo? & fl[]s :5 y look at !m c>efully8 ,:at is ! diff]5ce :5 y look at !m ?r\gh a microscope8 ,:at is said ( ! beauty ( common & we$y-look+ fl[]s8 ,,*apt] ,,xii4 ,,fruits4 ,:5 a fl[] wilts & falls1 !re is some?+ left on ! end ( ! fl[]-/em4 ,x is ?is t holds ! se$s4 ,y c see ?is 9 ! rose4 ,:5 ! beautiful leaves ( ! fl[] are all scatt]$ by ! w9d1 !re is a r\ndi% ?ick "p left on ! end ( ! /em4 ,! se$s are 9 ?is4 ,x gr[s l>g]1 & becomes ( a r$di% color4 ,if y break x op5 y c see ! se$s 9 x4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,se$-hold]s ( ! rose4 ,"h is repres5t$ ?is se$-hold] ( ! rose1 9 ! fir/ figure z :ole1 & 9 ! second z cut op5 to %[ ! se$s4 ,y see t ! se$s cr[d x full4 ,!re is no room = any ?+ else4 ,n[ ?is we d n call fruit2 = !re is v little ( x1 & x does n ta/e good4 ,b look at :at is left :5 a pe>-blossom falls4 ,x is %ap$ v mu* l :at is left :5 ! leaves ( ! rose are scatt]$4 ,b x gr[s m ?an t does4 ,:5 x is fully gr[n x is l>g] ?an x ne$ to be to hold ! se$s4 ,! se$s are b a small "p ( x4 ,x is made to be eat5 z well z to hold ! se$s4 ,s we call x fruit4 ,sid5ote3 ,pe>s4 ,illu/ration ,"h is a small pe> cut 9 su* a way z to %[ ! se$s4 ,y see t x is v diff]5t f ! pe>-%ap$ se$-hold] ( ! rose4 ,sid5ote3 ,oranges4 ,:5 ! blossom ( ! orange falls1 y see a little r\nd gre5 ball /&+ on ! end ( ! /em4 ,?is gr[s v mu*1 & :5 x is ripe x is l>ge & ( a yell[ color4 ,j z x is ) ! pe>1 ! orange is l>g] ?an x ne$s to be to hold ! se$s4 ,we call x fruit1 because x is made = u to eat4 ,sid5ote3 ,b]ries4 ,illu/ration ,! little yell[ fl[] ( ! currant1 :5 x falls1 leaves a small1 r\nd b]ry4 ,?is gr[s1 & becomes r$ :5 x rip5s4 ,s x is ) ! gooseb]ry4 ,! :ortleb]ry1 y "k1 gr[s d>k :5 x rip5s4 ,^! b]ries h ! se$s inside ( !m4 ,! /rawb]ry has its se$s on ! outside1 z y see "h1 & !y give x a v pretty appe>ance4 ,^! b]ries are all l>g] ?an !y ne$ to be to hold ! se$s4 ,! ,creator int5ds !m = fruit4 ,b he nev] int5d$ t :at holds ! rose-se$s %\ld be fruit1 & s he made x only l>ge en\gh to hold ! se$s4 ,sid5ote3 ,grapes4 ,! fl[]s on ! grape-v9e are v small & delicate4 ,!y are mu* small] ?an ! fruit t =ms aft] !y fall4 ,! delici\s grape is some?+ m ?an a se$-hold]4 ,if x 7 meant only to hold ! se$s1 x w\ld n h all t juicy pulp t is s pleasant to ! ta/e4 ,sid5ote3 ,diff]5t sizes ( fruits4 ,fruits are ( v diff]5t sizes4 ,! fruits ( "s v9es are v l>ge1 z ! pumpk9 & ! wat]melon4 ,! fruits ( "s l>ge trees are q small4 ,?is is ! case ) ! walnut & ! *e/nut4 ,! acorn is a v small nut1 b e *ild has be5 taught t 8,tall oaks f little acorns gr[40 ,"s ( ! trees 9 w>m climates be> v l>ge fruit4 ,cocoa-nuts are an example4 ,sid5ote3 ,se$s t are fruits4 ,! fruits ( ! e>? t are mo/ l>gely us$ by man are 9 ! =m ( se$s4 ,?is is ! case ) gra91 corn1 peas1 beans1 etc4 ,mo/ ( :at we raise ( ^! is us$ = food1 & we keep b a v small "p = se$ = ! next ye>4 ,! diff]5t k9ds ( gra9 & corn are us$ 9 mak+ bread2 & ?is1 y "k1 is a "p ( our food t we dep5d ^u s mu*1 t x is call$ ! /aff ( life4 ,& ?is is ! reason t 9 ! ,"l's ,pray] bread is us$ z mean+ food1 :5 we say1 ,give u ?is day our daily bread4 ,! gra9s f :i* our bread is made are q small4 ,b !re are a great _m ( !m4 ,& !y are fre$ f _! *affy cov]+s1 & are gr\nd betwe5 mill-/ones1 s z to be *ang$ into ! f9e fl\r1 f :i* we make bread4 ,que/ions4--,:at is said ( ! se$-vessel ( ! rose8 ,h[ is a pe> diff]5t f ?is8 ,:at is said ( ! orange8 ,:at ( currants1 /rawb]ries1 etc48 ,:at is said ( grapes8 ,:at is said ( ! diff]5t sizes ( fruits8 ,9 :at %ape are ! fruits t are mo/ us$ by man8 ,:y is bread call$ ! /aff ( life8 ,h[ d we get ! fl\r f :i* we make bread8 ,,*apt] ,,xiii4 ,,m ,,ab\t ,,fruits4 ,sid5ote3 ,fruits made f ! sap4 ,y w want to "k f :at all ! fruits are made4 ,!y are made f ! sap1 j z ! fl[] is4 ,aft] ! fl[] has fall5 ! sap keeps com+ along ! pipes 9 ! /em4 ,& :at is on ! end ( ! /em is made f ! sap into fruit4 ,y rememb] t ,i told y t a fl[] is nev] l ! sap f :i* x is made4 ,! same is true ( ! fruit4 ,bite ! /em ( a clu/] ( grapes1 & y w see t ! sap 9 x has none ( ! sweetness ( ! grapes2 & yet !y are made f x1 j z ! fl[]s 7 be=e !m4 ,h[ diff]5t ! fruit (t5 is f ! fl[] t 0 be=e x1 ?\gh !y are bo? made f ! same sap6 ,x may n1 p]haps1 seem /range to y t ! sweet orange & its fragrant blossom c be made ( ! same sap2 =1 ?\gh !y h diff]5t colors1 !y are bo? sweet4 ,b h[ diff]5t a s\r apple is f ! blossom t 0 be=e x6 ,& !n1 too1 ! orange 0 s\r till x became ripe4 ,b ! sap con/antly came to x ?r\gh ! /em1 & ! juice aft] a :ile became sweet4 ,& see h[ diff]5t a ?+ ! peel is f ! pulp ( ! orange4 ,x ta/es q %>p1 & is sometimes bitt]4 ,b bo? peel & pulp are made f ! same sap4 ,s1 too1 ! sk9 ( "s grapes has a v diff]5t ta/e f ! pulp4 ,sid5ote3 ,v>iety 9 ! ta/e & color ( fruits4 ,y see t !re is a great v>iety 9 ! fruits t ,god has giv5 to u4 ,i h said some?+ be=e ( _! v>iety ( size4 ,!y diff] also 9 _! ta/e1 & color1 & %ape4 ,"s fruits are s\r1 & "s are sweet4 ,_m fruits h a ta/e t is v diff]5t f ! ta/e ( any o!r fruit1 & yet y c n describe x4 ,! *e/nut does n ta/e l ! walnut1 b y c n describe ! diff]5ce to any "o s t he w\ld "k x4 ,he mu/ ta/e !m himself to "k ! diff]5ce4 ,grapes & :ortleb]ries are bo? sweet1 b !y d n ta/e alike4 ,!re is a great v>iety ( s\r apples1 b y always readily see ! diff]5ce betwe5 !m :5 y eat !m4 ,!re is a great v>iety 9 ! colors ( fruits4 ,b x is n z great z ! v>iety ( color 9 fl[]s4 ,! ,creator made fl[]s especially to please ! eye4 ,x is = ?is t he has giv5 !m _m diff]5t colors4 ,he c\ld h made fruits )\t hav+ any fl[]s4 ,b he1 9 8 k9dness1 wi%$ to h u gratifi$ by look+ at beautiful ?+s4 ,sid5ote3 ,beauty ( "s fruits4 ,fl[]s are = beauty1 & fruits = use4 ,b _m ( ! fruits are beautiful4 ,our heav5ly ,fa!r likes to make beauty g along ) :at is useful4 ,! orange has a ri* color1 & looks beautiful among ! gre5 leaves4 ,we admire ! clu/]s ( grapes1 z !y hang by _! sl5d] /ems "u ! broad leaves ( ! v9e4 ,! colors ( "s ( ! v>ieties ( ! pea* & ! apple are v ri*4 ,! /rawb]ry looks v beautiful1 z ! yell[ se$s /& out on its r$ surface4 ,!re is a great v>iety 9 ! =ms ( fruits4 ,look at ! *e/nut burr1 & see h[ diff]5t x is f a fair-sk9n$1 r\nd apple4 ,h[ diff]5t is ! /rawb]ry t melts 9 y\r m\? f any ( ! h>d nuts6 ,h[ diff]5t is ! cocoa-nut f a melon6 ,sid5ote3 ,god's b\nty 9 fruits4 ,god smiles ^u u 9 ! fl[]s4 ,b 9 ! fruits we h some?+ m ?an 8 smiles4 ,9 !m he blesses u ) 8 b\nty4 ,! fl[]s are a fea/ to our eyes2 b ! fruits are food to our bodies4 ,sid5ote3 ,:y fruits h a pleasant ta/e4 ,b fruits are n made m]ely to n\ri% u4 ,!y are s made t !y gratify our ta/e :ile !y n\ri% u & su/a9 our lives4 ,& 9 ?is we see ! k9dness ( our heav5ly ,fa!r1 j z we d 9 ! beauty t he has giv5 u to look ^u 9 bo? fl[]s & fruits4 ,he c\ld h made ! fruits 9 su* a way t !y w\ld be )\t any pleasant ta/e4 ,& !y w\ld h answ]$ z well to n\ri% u z !y n[ d4 ,b he want$ to gratify u 9 ?is z he does 9 o!r ?+s4 ,= ?is purpose he has giv5 to ea* k9d ( fruit its own ta/e4 ,all fruits are pleasant1 b ea* is diff]5t f ! re/4 ,! v>iety ( pleasant ta/es 9 ! fruits ( ! e>? is v great1 z y w see if y w ?9k ( z _m ( !m z y c4 ,:at an evid5ce is ?is ( ,god's abundant goodness6 ,he does n gratify u m]ely 9 a few ?+s1 b 9 _m ?+s4 ,! pleasant ?+s ( ?is _w are almo/ endless 9 _! v>iety4 ,h[ /range x is t any "o c "k all ?is1 & live on day aft] day )\t any gratitude to 8 ,mak]6 ,que/ions4--,:at are fruits made f8 ,is ! fruit ev] l ! sap8 ,:at is said ab\t ! orange8 ,:at is said ( ! ta/e ( fruits8 ,:at ( _! colors8 ,:at ( _! diff]5t =ms8 ,:at is x said t ,god does 9 ! fl[]s1 & :at 9 ! fruits8 ,:y is !re su* a v>iety ( pleasant ta/es 9 fruits8 ,,*apt] ,,xiv4 ,,:at ,,se$s ,,are ,,=4 ,sid5ote3 ,gr[? f se$s wond]ful4 ,9 tell+ y ab\t fruits ,i told y also some?+ ab\t se$s4 ,9 ?is *apt] ,i %all tell y m ab\t !m4 ,plants commonly come up f se$s4 ,x is v curi\s to see h[ ?is is done4 ,b mo/ p d n ?9k mu* ab\t x4 ,g>d5]s & f>m]s put se$s into ! gr\nd4 ,!y see ! plants come up f !m4 ,!y see ^! plants gr[ & blossom1 & aft] a :ile !y ga!r fruit f !m4 ,& !y d n seem to ?9k t !re is any ?+ wond]ful 9 all ?is4 ,b :5 y h read :at ,i %all tell y ab\t x1 ,i ?9k t y w say t x is v wond]ful4 ,sid5ote3 ,beans4 ,y put a bean into ! gr\nd4 ,a v9e comes up f x4 ,?is runs up a pole1 w9d+ r\nd & r\nd x z x goes up4 ,x blossoms4 ,!n come ! pods4 ,9 ^! are beans j l t :i* y put into ! gr\nd4 ,all ?is comes f t s+le little bean4 ,& !re is no?+ !re l :at y put into ! gr\nd b ! beans4 ,! v9e1 ! leaves1 ! fl[]s1 are no?+ l ! bean f :i* !y grew4 ,sid5ote3 ,corn4 ,:5 y put a k]nel ( corn 9 ! gr\nd !re comes up a /alk4 ,f ?is spread out broad1 long leaves4 ,at l5g? l>ge e>s ( corn =m4 ,a great deal has come f t s+le k]nel4 ,& ( all ?is only ! k]nels ( corn on ! e> are l :at y put into ! gr\nd4 ,sid5ote3 ,acorns4 ,an acorn falls f an oak-tree4 ,?is is ! se$4 ,b no?+ w gr[ f x unless x gets into ! gr\nd4 ,a c[ p]haps treads on x1 & s presses x into ! e>?4 ,a twig %oots up f x4 ,?is1 aft] _m ye>s1 gr[s to be a l>ge tree4 ,"h a v great deal has come f ! se$ 9 ! gr\nd4 ,& ! huge tree is n at all l ! little acorn f :i* x came4 ,y w want to "k h[ x is t s mu* comes f a small se$4 ,i w n[ tell y z mu* ab\t ?is z ,i c4 ,sid5ote3 ,h[ se$s beg9 to gr[4 ,illu/ration ,aft] a se$ has be5 9 ! gr\nd a little :ile x swells1 because ! dampness ( ! e>? gets into x4 ,! cov]+ ( ! se$ breaks1 & out comes a little root4 ,?is root pu%es d[n into ! gr\nd4 ,pretty soon !re comes out ( ! se$ also a little /alk4 ,?is %oots upw>d4 ,"h is a repres5tation ( a se$ :i* has bur/4 ,& y see ! root1 ) its f9e fibres1 go+ d[n :ile ! /alk goes up4 ,n[ :at makes ! root g d[n & ! /alk g up we d n "k4 ,_m v wise m5 h tri$ to f9d ?is out4 ,b !y c n d x4 ,!y h guess$ a good deal ab\t x2 b guess+ is n kn[+1 ?\gh p (t5 ?9k x is4 ,! ,creator kn[s1 & he makes ! root ( e se$ g d[n & ! /alk g up4 ,!re is nev] any mi/ake ab\t ?is4 ,y nev] see a root pu%+ up ?r\gh ! gr\nd & a /alk gr[+ d[n4 ,sid5ote3 ,b>ley-se$4 ,"h y see ! way 9 :i* a b>ley-se$ gr[s4 ,roots bran* out f "o end ( ! se$ d[n into ! gr\nd1 & a /alk goes up f ! o!r end ( x4 ,x is s also ) corn4 ,no matt] h[ ! se$ lies 9 ! gr\nd1 ! roots w g d[n1 ev5 if !y come out ( ! upp] end ( ! se$2 & ! /alk w g up to f9d ! air1 ?\gh x mu/ fir/ come out ( ! l[] end4 ,sid5ote3 ,a tree gr[+ on a wall4 ,illu/ration ,roots sometimes seem to take a great deal ( pa9s1 z we may say1 to get d[n into ! gr\nd4 ,a se$ ( a tree 0 se5 to take root1 9 ,gall[ay 9 ,scotl&1 on an old /one wall t5 feet f ! gr\nd4 ,& a tree %ot up f x4 ,!re 0 e>? en\gh 9 ! crevices ( ! wall to make ! little tree gr[ = a :ile4 ,b aft] a "t x /opp$ gr[+4 ,! reason 0 t ! tree _h become s l>ge t x c\ld n get food en\gh out ( ! e>? 9 ! wall4 ,! little m\?s 9 ! root suck$ up all !y c\ld f9d2 b x 0 n en\gh4 ,! tree ne$$ m food ?an :5 x 0 small1 j z a man ne$s m food ?an an infant4 ,:at 0 to be done8 ,!re 0 a pl5ty ( food 9 ! gr\nd bel[1 b ! tr\ble 0 to get at x4 ,if somebody w\ld take ! tree f ! wall1 & set x d[n into ! gr\nd1 x w\ld d well en\gh4 ,b no "o did ?is4 ,s ! tree manag$ ! matt] itself4 ,x s5t its roots d[n ! wall ! :ole t5 feet into ! gr\nd4 ,& !n x grew f9ely1 & w\ld h done well if ! w9d _h n bl[n x ov]4 ,x 0 s /ilt$ up on ! wall t x c\ld n /& aga9/ a /rong w9d z a tree c\ld ^: roots spread "r f ! bottom ( its trunk into ! gr\nd4 ,sid5ote3 ,cov]+s ( se$s4 ,i h m5tion$ ! cov]+ ( ! se$4 ,if y look at a bean y w see t x has a firm sk94 ,?is bur/s op5 = ! root & ! /alk to come out4 ,! place :]e x bur/s is :at is call$ ! eye4 ,! potato1 y "k1 has _m eyes4 ,:5 x is put into ! gr\nd a root & a /alk w come out f ea* "o ( !m4 ,y sometimes see potatoes spr\t f ! eye z !y lie 9 ! cell>4 ,sid5ote3 ,h[ !y are op5$ to let ! se$ gr[4 ,!re is great diff]5ce 9 ! cov]+s ( diff]5t se$s4 ,! cov]+ ( "s nuts is v h>d4 ,y see ?is 9 ! pea*-/one1 ! walnut1 & ! cocoa-nut4 ,h[ d y ?9k ^! are op5$ s t ! root & /alk may pu% out8 ,i w tell y4 ,! pea*-/one & ! walnut1 by be+ soak$ 9 ! gr\nd1 swell & crack op54 ,& z to ! cocoa-nuts1 x is said t ! monkeys crack !m op5 by ?r[+ !m on ! gr\nd4 ,s x is 9 v>i\s ways t ! prison-h\se ( ! se$1 z we may call x1 is op5$4 ,que/ions4--,:at come f se$s8 ,d mo/ p ?9k t !re is any ?+ wond]ful 9 ?is8 ,tell :at comes f a s+le bean4 ,:at f a k]nel ( corn4 ,:at f an acorn4 ,h[ does ! se$ beg9 to gr[8 ,:at is said ab\t ! /alks %oot+ up & ! roots go+ d[n8 ,tell ab\t ! b>ley-se$4 ,:at is told ab\t a tree8 ,:at is ! eye ( a se$8 ,:at is said ab\t ! diff]5ce 9 ! cov]+s ( se$s8 ,h[ are "s h>d se$s op5$1 s t ! root & /alk may pu% out8 ,,*apt] ,,xv4 ,,life ,,9 ,,! ,,se$4 ,a dry se$ looks z if x 7 dead4 ,b !re is life !re1 %ut up 9 t prison-h\se4 ,x is v quiet z long z x is %ut up4 ,b once let x out1 & x does great ?+s4 ,an apple-se$1 ) its /\t br[n cov]+1 is a v little ?+4 ,x does n look z if any ?+ c\ld ev] come f x4 ,b if x gets into ! gr\nd1 ! moi/ure swells x1 ! cov]+ bur/s1 & an apple-tree comes f ! se$4 ,& y "k ! ,bible tells u1 a tree l>ge en\gh = ! f[ls ( ! air to lodge 9 its bran*es comes f ! little mu/>d-se$4 ,sid5ote3 ,life asleep 9 se$s4 ,sid5ote3 ,! city buri$ up ) lava4 ,! life 9 ! dry se$ is asleep4 ,put x into ! moi/ gr\nd1 & ?is life wakes up4 ,?is sleep ( se$s sometimes la/s a great :ile4 ,commonly we keep !m only f "o ye> to ano!r4 ,b sometimes !y are kept a long "t 9 _! /ate ( sleep4 ,i w tell y a /ory ab\t ?is3 ,_m hundr$ ye>s ago !re came a great /ream ( lava1 z x is call$1 d[n f a m\nta94 ,x 0 all on fire1 & look$ l a /ream ( melt$ iron4 ,x roll$ ov] a city & cov]$ x up4 ,all ! inhabitants 7 kill$4 ,:5 ! lava cool$1 p came to look = ! city1 b c\ld n f9d any ( x4 ,b lately1 p h dug d[n ?r\gh ! lava1 & op5$ passages into ?is cov]$-up city4 ,!y h gone into ! h\ses1 & h f\nd _m ?+s j z !y 7 :5 ! r$-hot lava ran ov] ! city4 ,"s se$s 7 f\nd4 ,^! 7 plant$2 & !y sprung up j z se$s d t h be5 kept only f "o ye> to ano!r4 ,! life 9 ^! se$s1 !n1 _h be5 asleep = _m hundr$ ye>s4 ,sid5ote3 ,_m se$s f "o4 ,a great _m se$s come f "o se$ put into ! gr\nd4 ,f a s+le k]nel ( corn come sev]al e>s full ( k]nels4 ,! k]nels or se$s f "o s+le e> are en\gh to plant q a l>ge piece ( gr\nd4 ,we use mo/ ( ! corn = food1 = we ne$ to keep b little ( x = se$4 ,s we eat mo/ ( ! beans t we raise4 ,we keep only a little bag ( !m = plant+ ! next ye>4 ,z y look at ! little bag1 y w\ld h>dly ?9k t x holds :at w cov] long r[s ( poles ) v9es4 ,!re is a great deal ( life asleep = ! w9t] 9 t bag4 ,sid5ote3 ,_m de/roy$4 ,mo/ ( ! se$s t drop f trees & plants are kill$1 & !y decay on ! gr\nd ) ! leaves4 ,x is only n[ & !n t a se$ lives & takes root4 ,if all se$s liv$ & sprung up we %\ld h too _m ?+s gr[+ e :]e4 ,if all ! acorns liv$1 & got into ! gr\nd1 & took root1 !re w\ld be too _m oaks4 ,& s ( o!r trees & plants4 ,! se$s t are scatt]$ on ! gr\nd h to take _! *ance1 z we say4 ,"s out ( ! :ole live ?r\gh ! w9t] 9 "s way1 & come up 9 ! spr+4 ,que/ions4--,:at is said ( life 9 ! se$8 ,:at wakes x up8 ,c ! sleep ( se$s sometimes la/ a great :ile8 ,tell ab\t ! se$s f a city t 0 cov]$ up ) lava4 ,:at is said ( ! numb] ( se$s t come f "o se$8 ,:at becomes ( ! se$s ( plants & trees t fall to ! gr\nd8 ,,*apt] ,,xvi4 ,,h[ ,,se$s ,,are ,,scatt]$4 ,se$s are scatt]$ 9 v>i\s ways4 ,!y d n all /ay ne> ! place :]e !y drop4 ,sid5ote3 ,se$s scatt]$ by man1 by wat]1 by w9d1 etc4 ,!re are _m k9ds ( se$s t man scatt]s 9 rais+ 8 crops f ye> to ye>4 ,"s se$s are c>ri$ away by wat]4 ,sometimes !y sail a v great di/ance 9 ?is way1 &1 l p1 settle d[n f> away f ! spot :]e !y grew4 ,se$s are sometimes c>ri$ ab\t 9 ! hair ( animals1 & are dropp$ "h & !re4 ,! %eep gets se$s into its wool1 & !n %akes !m out z x goes ab\t ! pa/ure1 or rubs !m (f aga9/ ! trees & ! f5ces4 ,! little burrs ) :i* y make baskets1 by /ick+ !m toge!r1 are se$-hold]s4 ,!y (t5 /ick to y\r clo!s4 ,:5 y pick !m (f & ?r[ !m away1 y help to scatt] se$s j z ! %eep does4 ,! w9d is ! great scatt]] ( se$s4 ,x bl[s !m ab\t if !y are at all light4 ,x sometimes takes !m f> away f :]e !y grew4 ,"s se$s are made 9 su* a way t ! w9d c bl[ !m ab\t v easily4 ,look at ! se$ ( ! maple-tree4 ,!re is a sort ( w+ on x1 z if x 7 made to fly4 ,s :5 x falls1 x goes :irl+ away 9 ! air4 ,x does n drop j by ! tree if ! air is /irr+4 ,sid5ote3 ,se$s ( ! maple1 ! d&elion1 & ! salsify4 ,"h is a repres5tation ( two se$s ( ! maple1 ) _! w+s4 ,!y always gr[ 9 ?is way1 9 pairs4 ,illu/ration ,look at ! little fea!ry ball on ! /alk ( ! d&elion aft] ! fl[] is gone4 ,! se$s are 9 ! middle ( t ball4 ,pick x1 & !n hold x up1 & bl[ ^u x z h>d z y c4 ,away w fly all ! se$s4 ,if ! w9d is bl[+ x w scatt] !m e :]e4 ,n[ look at !m to see :at makes !m fly s4 ,y see t ea* se$ has a v little /em4 ,?is /em has on its end "s v f9e fibres /&+ out all ar\nd4 ,! w9d bl[s ! se$ ab\t by ^! fibres4 ,if ! se$ did n h ?is sort ( balloon to fly )1 x w\ld fall /raight to ! gr\nd4 ,b ) ?is x may g a great di/ance4 ,sometimes x travels ov] m\nta9s & across riv]s4 ,"h is a draw+ ( ! d&elion-se$4 ,b to see h[ delicate x is1 & h[ well fitt$ x is to fly1 y mu/ look at a real se$4 ,illu/ration ,illu/ration ,& "h is ! /em ( ! d&elion z x looks aft] ! se$s are scatt]$4 ,y see t x has a cu%ion-%ap$ end4 ,x is on ?is t ! se$s are fa/5$4 ,x is curi\s to see h[ regul>ly !y are arrang$ s z to make t beautiful fea!ry ball4 ,illu/ration ,! se$ ( ! salsify repres5t$ "h1 is v mu* l t ( ! d&elion4 ,b ! fibres by :i* x is c>ri$ ab\t by ! w9d are1 y see1 v delicately fea!r$4 ,sid5ote3 ,se$s ( ! clematis4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,mosses & f]ns4 ,sid5ote3 ,?i/le-d[n4 ,! se$ ( ! clematis or virg9's-b[] is1 z y see1 r diff]5tly arrang$4 ,x has a v long /em1 ) little fibres /&+ out f x all ! way1 some?+ l a fea!r4 ,illu/ration ,! d[n ( ?i/les & "s o!r fl[]s is ! w+ ( ! se$s by :i* !y are scatt]$ by ! w9d4 ,"h is a repres5tation ( a se$ ) its w+ ( d[n4 ,?is little se$ has a v l>ge w+ to fly )4 ,! se$s ( mosses & f]ns are scatt]$ m widely ?an any o!rs because !y are s small4 ,y "k ! mosses well4 ,y see !m e :]e on f5ces1 rocks1 & trunks ( trees1 z well z on ! gr\nd4 ,! w9d c>ries _! f9e se$s ab\t1 & !y lodge on e ?+4 ,!y g ev5 to ! tops ( ! m\nta9s1 & d[n into cav]ns 9 ! e>?4 ,!re is great v>iety 9 ! mosses1 & "s ( !m are exce$+ly beautiful1 especially :5 exam9$ ) a microscope4 ,que/ions4--,9 :at diff]5t ways are se$s scatt]$ ab\t8 ,:at is ! great scatt]] ( se$s8 ,:at is said ( ! se$s ( ! maple8 ,:at ( ! se$s ( ! d&elion8 ,:at ( ! se$s ( ! salsify--! clematis--! ?i/le8 ,:at ( ! se$s ( mosses & f]ns8 ,,*apt] ,,xvii4 ,,leaves4 ,sid5ote3 ,beauty ( leaves4 ,mo/ trees & bu%es are /ripp$ ( all _! leaves 9 ! autumn1 & rema9 b>e till ! w9t] is pass$4 ,we %\ld feel sad if !y 7 )\t leaves all ! ye> r\nd4 ,"o use ( ! leaves is to gratify u by _! beauty4 ,:5 ! w9t] is gone h[ delightful x is to u to look out ^u ! trees & ! plants z !y put =? _! leaves6 ,_! fre% gre5 color is a fea/ to our eyes4 ,sid5ote3 ,v>iety ( _! %apes4 ,sid5ote3 ,v>i\s %apes ( leaves4 ,y rememb] :at ,i said ab\t ! fl[]s hav+ s _m diff]5t %apes4 ,! ,creator has made ! same v>iety 9 ! %apes ( leaves4 ,he likes to make beautiful ?+s 9 great v>iety = u to look at4 ,"h ,i give y "s figures ( leaves1 to %[ y h[ diff]5t _! %apes are4 ,illu/ration ,"h is a leaf :i* is %ap$ l ! head ( an arr[4 ,!re is a plant call$ arr[-head1 because its leaf has ?is %ape4 ,illu/ration ,"h is "o %ap$ v mu* l a lance1 ano!r is a good repres5tation ( a mason's tr[el1 & a ?ird is v mu* l a fiddle4 ,illu/ration ,?is is l a %ield4 ,! na/urtium ! leaves ( ?is k9d4 ,! /em is fa/5$ to ! leaf j :]e ! h& holds on to a %ield4 ,illu/ration ,?is leaf has a t5dril on ! end ( x4 ,?is clasps ar\nd :atev] x happ5s to t\*4 ,"s plants are held up 9 ?is way by _! leaves4 ,illu/ration ,?is leaf is not*$ all ar\nd its edge1 l a saw4 ,! leaves ( a great _m plants are not*$ 9 ?is way1 z ^? ( ! rose1 ! pea*1 & ! nettle4 ,illu/ration ,"h is "o t is not*$ diff]5tly4 ,! tee? are r\nd$1 & n %>p4 ,x may be said to be scallop$ r ?an too!d4 ,! gr\nd ivy has a leaf ( ?is k9d4 ,bel[ are two leaves1 "o ( :i* is spread out l a h&1 & ! o!r is v mu* l ! claws ( ! feet ( "s birds4 ,! passion-fl[] is ( ! %ape ( ! h&4 ,s1 also1 is t ( ! ca/or-oil plant4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,v>iety 9 ! arrangem5t ( leaves4 ,i h ?us giv5 only a few ( ! %apes ( leaves4 ,_! v>iety is v great4 ,!y v>y n only 9 %ape1 b 9 color4 ,!y v>y also 9 o!r ?+s4 ,"s h d[n on !m1 & "s hairs1 & "s h nei!r4 ,x w be well = y to see h[ _m diff]5t k9ds ( leaves y c br+ to ! tea*]1 & %e w tell y ab\t !m4 ,illu/ration ,leaves are arrang$ 9 a great _m diff]5t ways on _! /ems4 ,"h are ?ree leaves toge!r on a /em4 ,! leaves ( ! clov] & ! wood-sorrel are arrang$ 9 ?is way4 ,illu/ration ,"h ! leaf-/em has ?ree little bran*es1 & ea* bran* has ?ree leaves4 ,illu/ration ,on ?is leaf-/em are a great _m leaves4 ,i h ?us %[n y ?ree ways 9 :i* leaves are arrang$4 ,b !re are _m o!r ways 9 :i* !y are arrang$1 mak+ a great v>iety 9 ! appe>ance ( leaves4 ,! only way to "k h[ v great ?is v>iety ( arrangem5t is1 is to look = y\rselves at plants1 & trees1 & %rubs1 z y walk 9 ! g>d5 or 9 ! fields4 ,leaves are ( all sizes4 ,"s are v small1 & "s are v l>ge4 ,look at ! little delicate leaves ( ! *ick-we$ & ! cypress-v9e1 & !n at ! l>ge spread+ leaves ( ! rhub>b-plant & ! pumpk9-v9e1 & ! v long ones ( ! corn4 ,! common palm-leaf fans s mu* 9 use are made f ! l>ge leaves ( ! palm-tree4 ,sid5ote3 ,=ms ( leaves n commonly obs]v$4 ,i ?9k t y w be q int]e/$ 9 obs]v+ ! v>i\s =ms ( leaves1 ?\gh mo/ p d n obs]ve !m mu*4 ,a fri5d once told me t a numb] ( leaves f our common trees 7 br\ght to "s ladies1 & t n "o ( !m c\ld tell f :at k9d ( tree ea* leaf came4 ,x seems to me t !y c\ld h us$ _! eyes to little purpose1 z !y walk$ ab\t among ! trees ( ! field & ! g>d54 ,!y probably look$ at leaves m]ely z mak+ a pleasant gre5 to ! eye1 & nev] exam9$ !m1 z !y p]haps w\ld fl[]s1 to see :at a diff]5ce !re is betwe5 !m4 ,y _h bett] ga!r "s leaves ( v>i\s k9ds1 & see if y\r s*oolmates c tell f :at trees !y came4 ,take ! />-%ap$ leaf ( ! maple1 ! bir*-leaf ) its nicely not*$ edges1 ! bright1 firm leaf ( ! oak ) its wavy edge1 & ! wr9kl$ leaf ( ! elm4 ,%[ !m a will[-leaf beside a pea*-leaf1 :i* is v mu* l x4 ,an apple-leaf & a pe>-leaf toge!r might puzzle !m1 ?\gh ,i ?9k t "s wide-awake *ild w\ld see ! diff]5ce betwe5 !m4 ,que/ions4--,:at is said ( "o ( ! uses ( leaves8 ,:at ( ! v>iety 9 _! %apes8 ,m5tion "s ( ^! %apes4 ,9 :at o!r ?+s d leaves v>y besides %ape8 ,:at is said ( ! arrangem5t ( leaves on _! /ems8 ,:at is said ( _! diff]5t sizes8 ,:at is said ab\t obs]v+ ! %apes ( leaves8 ,,*apt] ,,xviii4 ,,m ,,ab\t ,,leaves4 ,sid5ote3 ,beauty ( common leaves4 ,leaves are su* common ?+s t we d n ?9k h[ beautiful !y are4 ,b take any common leaf into y\r h& & look at x4 ,take ! leaf ( ! /rawb]ry4 ,see h[ prettily x is not*$4 ,hold x up to ! light & see ! l9es t run f ! middle l9e to ! edge4 ,!n see ! f9e net-"w betwe5 ^! l9es4 ,h[ delicate & beautiful6 ,! leaf ( ! raspb]ry is ev5 m beautiful ?an ! /rawb]ry leaf1 if y pick x f a new %oot4 ,see ! f9e po9ts on its edge1 & see h[ delicate are its l9es & net-"w z y hold x up to ! light4 ,sid5ote3 ,ribs 9 leaves4 ,obs]ve ! back ( a leaf1 & y w see ribs t spread out f ! ma9 rib 9 ! middle to ! edges4 ,^! are ! frame ( ! leaf1 j z timb]s are ! frame ( a h\se4 ,!y are to ! leaf :at :alebones are to an umbrella4 ,!y give /r5g? to x4 ,)\t !m x w\ld droop l a wilt$ leaf4 ,x w\ld n /& out /raight & firm4 ,! w9d w\ld bl[ x e way1 l a rag ti$ to a /ick4 ,y see ^! ribs v l>ge 9 broad spread+ leaves4 ,!y are l>ge 9 grape-leaves1 & 9 ! leaves ( ! rhub>b-plant1 or pie-plant1 z x is (t5 call$4 ,9 leaves t are v /iff & firm ^! ribs are s small1 t at fir/ y w\ld say !re 7 none4 ,?is is ! case ) ! leaf ( ! pe> & ! orange4 ,!re is "o /rong rib runn+ ?r\gh 9 ! middle ( ! leaf4 ,b !re are no /rong ribs bran*+ out f ?is4 ,! leaf is s firm t x does n ne$ !m4 ,sid5ote3 ,! upp] & "u side ( leaves4 ,see ! diff]5ce !re is betwe5 ! upp] & ! "u side ( a leaf4 ,! upp] is gre5] ?an ! "u side4 ,9 ! grape-leaf ! "u side is cov]$ ) a v f9e :ite fuzz4 ,if y te> ! leaf g5tly1 y c see ! delicate :ite fibres ( ?is furze across ! r5t4 ,9 ! silv]-leaf popl> !re is a silv]y :it5ess on ! "u side ( ! leaf4 ,?is makes ! tree look v pretty z its bran*es are mov$ back & =? by ! w9d4 ,i h ?us told y a few ?+s ab\t leaves4 ,by look+ at !m y\rselves y w see a great _m ?+s 9 !m t w int]e/ y4 ,look at !m z y walk 9 ! g>d5 or roam 9 ! field1 & y w see t !re is no end to ! v>iety4 ,& among !m all y c n f9d "o t is n beautiful :5 y exam9e x4 ,sid5ote3 ,leaves se5 ?r\gh ! microscope4 ,leaves are v beautiful if y look at !m ?r\gh a microscope4 ,take ! mo/ common leaf & look at x 9 ?is way1 & y w be delight$4 ,y w be surpris$ to f9d h[ mu* beauty !re is 9 leaves t y knew no?+ ab\t be=e4 ,& n[ ,i w tell y ab\t "s leaves ( a v s+ul> "*4 ,!re are "s leaves t are ( v s+ul> %ape4 ,i w m5tion only a few4 ,sid5ote3 ,leaf ( ! side-saddle fl[]4 ,illu/ration ,"h is ! leaf ( ! side-saddle fl[]1 z x is call$4 ,x is %ap$ some:at l a butt]-boat4 ,y see t x is op54 ,x c hold consid]able wat]4 ,x has a k9d ( lip1 :i* looks z if x 7 made 9 ord] t wat] might be p\r$ out ( x easily4 ,?is plant gr[s 9 "s p>ts ( ?is c\ntry4 ,! fl[] is purple1 & has a curi\s %ape4 ,x is on a /alk t /&s up 9 ! mid/ ( ab\t half-a-doz5 ( ^! leaves4 ,sid5ote3 ,*9ese pit*]-plant4 ,illu/ration ,"o ( ! mo/ s+ul> leaves is t ( ! ,*9ese pit*]-plant4 ,at ! end ( ! leaf ! ma9 rib ext5ds out l a t5dril1 & ?is ends 9 ! app5dage :i* is repres5t$ "h4 ,x is 9 ! %ape ( a pit*]1 & has1 z y see1 a regul> lid4 ,?is is g5]ally %ut d[n1 ?\gh1 z y see x "h1 x is rais$ up4 ,! ra9 c n1 !re=e1 get 91 & yet ! pit*] is always full ( wat]4 ,x holds ab\t a tumbl]ful4 ,n[ h[ d y ?9k ?is wat] comes !re8 ,x is a "p ( ! sap t comes to ! leaf4 ,! wat]y "p ( ! sap is p\r$ f ?\s&s & ?\s&s ( little m\?s on ! inside ( ! pit*]2 & s x is kept fill$ ) wat]4 ,?is plant is q common 9 ! isl& ( ,ceylon4 ,!re x is call$ monkey-cup1 because ! monkeys sometimes op5 ! lid & dr9k ! wat]4 ,& m5 sometimes dr9k f ^! leaves :5 !re is no spr+ ( wat] :]e !y c qu5* _! ?ir/4 ,sid5ote3 ,v5us's fly-trap4 ,illu/ration ,! leaf ( ! ,v5us's fly-trap1 :i* gr[s 9 ,nor? ,c>ol9a1 is a real trap = flies & o!r insects4 ,"h y see ! leaf z x is spread out1 wide op54 ,x looks z if !re 0 no dang] !re4 ,b let an insect alight on ! leaf1 & he is made a prison] at once4 ,! two p>ts ( ! leaf close toge!r1 z y see1 & ! po9ts on ! edges are lock$ toge!r1 s z to furni% b>s to ! prison4 ,y see a little insect caught 9 ?is leaf t _h light$ only on its v edge4 ,he c n get away1 & !re1 poor fell[6 he mu/ die a sl[ dea?4 ,( :at use x is to h su* traps = insects we d n und]/&4 ,illu/ration ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,leaves ( ! f]n4 ,?is is ! leaf ( ! common f]n or brake4 ,x is beautiful if y exam9e x1 = x is v delicate4 ,& x has "o great peculi>ity4 ,! fl[]s ( ! plant are on ! "u side ( ! leaf4 ,!y are :]e y see ! little r\nd spots4 ,if y look at ! leaf ) a microscope y c see ! diff]5t p>ts ( ! fl[]s4 ,sid5ote3 ,?ick leaves4 ,mo/ leaves are ?91 b "s are q ?ick4 ,?is is ! case ) ! leaves ( ! ,india-rubb] tree4 ,! wax-plant has ?ick leaves1 :i*1 ) ! fl[]s1 look s waxy z to give ! "n to ! plant4 ,! fl[]s ( ! cactuses gr[ "r out f ! ?ick fle%y leaves1 mak+ ^! plants look v awkw>d1 al?\gh ! fl[]s are s beautiful4 ,& x is a s+ul> fact1 t if "o ( ! leaves is brok5 (f & put into ! gr\nd x w take root & gr[4 ,sid5ote3 ,live-=ev]4 ,did y ev] make a bl[-bag1 z x is call$1 ( ! leaf ( ! live-=ev]1 z *ildr5 v (t5 d8 ,if y h n1 ,i w tell y h[ x is done4 ,! leaf is r ?ick1 & is made ( two lay]s4 ,^! y c sep>ate at ! /em-end ( ! leaf1 & !n by p9*+ ! leaf & bl[+ into x y c make x puff out l a bag4 ,y mu/ d ?is v c>efully1 or y w break ! lay] on ! "u side ( ! leaf1 :i* is v ?91 :ile ! upp] lay] is ?ick4 ,sid5ote3 ,ribbon-grass4 ,! leaf ( ! ribbon-grass1 z x is call$1 is v s+ul> 9 "o respect4 ,x is v prettily /rip$1 b y c n f9d any two leaves t are /rip$ exactly alike1 any m ?an y c f9d two faces exactly alike among all ! p on ! e>?4 ,que/ions4--,:at is said ( ! beauty ( common leaves8 ,tell ab\t ! ribs ( leaves4 ,:at leaves h l>ge ribs8 ,h[ is x ) ! leaf ( ! pe> & ! orange8 ,:at is ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! upp] & ! "u side ( leaves8 ,tell ab\t ! grape-leaf4 ,& ab\t ! leaf ( ! silv]-popl>4 ,:at is said ( ! beauty ( leaves z se5 ?r\gh ! microscope8 ,tell ab\t ! leaf ( ! side-saddle fl[]4 ,& ab\t ! ,*9ese pit*]-plant4 ,also ab\t ! ,v5us's fly-trap4 ,:at is said ( ! leaf ( ! common f]n8 ,:at ( ?ick leaves8 ,:at ( ! leaf ( live-=ev]8 ,:at ( ribbon-grass8 ,,*apt] ,,xix4 ,,! ,,sap ,,9 ,,leaves4 ,i h told y ab\t ! ribs ( leaves4 ,let u see :at makes !m s firm & /rong4 ,look at a l>ge grape-leaf on ! v9e4 ,x spreads out v firmly4 ,if ! w9d bl[s x v h>d x b5ds1 b x /&s out aga9 z firmly z ev]4 ,b break ! leaf (f1 & see :at happ5s4 ,9 a little "t x wilts4 ,if y hold x up by ! /em its edges droop d[n all ar\nd4 ,! leaf does n /& out z x did :5 x 0 on ! v9e4 ,! ribs are all !re1 b !y h lo/ _! /r5g?4 ,h[ d y ?9k !y lo/ x8 ,i w tell y4 ,sid5ote3 ,wilt+ ( leaves expla9$4 ,:5 y broke (f ! /em1 ! sap c\ld no long] get to ! leaf4 ,x is j z no wat] c get into a h\se :5 ! wat]-pipe is cut (f outside4 ,! sap goes to all p>ts ( ! leaf f ! /em ?r\gh ! ribs4 ,! ribs1 l ! /em1 h little f9e pipes 9 !m = ! sap to run 94 ,n[1 if ! ribs are n full ( ! sap !y are n firm1 & !y b5d easily4 ,:5 ^! ribs & ! net-"w betwe5 !m are n full ( sap ! leaf is wilt$1 z we say4 ,b :5 ! leaf is pick$ x is full ( sap4 ,h[ does any ( ! sap !n get out ( x s z to make x wilt8 ,x does n leak out ( ! /em4 ,if x did1 y c\ld see x drop z y hold ! leaf up4 ,:]e1 !n1 does x get out8 ,?is ,i w expla9 to y4 ,!re are little holes1 or pores1 z !y are call$1 all ov] ! leaf4 ,!y are s small t y c n see !m )\t a /rong microscope4 ,! wat]y "p ( ! sap escapes into ! air ?r\gh ^! pores4 ,sid5ote3 ,! quantity ( moi/ure t comes f leaves4 ,!re is a great deal ( moi/ure t comes f leaves4 ,y c see t ?is is s if y put a clu/] ( leaves "u a glass vessel4 ,a l>ge tumbl] w answ]4 ,y w1 aft] a little "t1 see ! moi/ure 9 drops on ! inside ( ! glass4 ,?is moi/ure is ! wat] t comes f ! pores ( ! leaves4 ,y rememb] :at ,i told y 9 ! la/ *apt] ab\t ! leaf ( ! pit*]-plant4 ,! wat] 9 t leaf comes f its pores on ! inside4 ,if1 in/ead ( its hav+ a pit*]-%ape1 ! leaf 0 laid op5 & spread out l common leaves1 ! moi/ure w\ld all g (f 9 ! air4 ,b z x is a pit*] ) a lid1 ! moi/ure t comes f all ! pores is %ut 94 ,x c n fly (f 9 ! air4 ,& aft] a :ile en\gh moi/ure collects to fill ! pit*]4 ,?is %[s h[ mu* wat] commonly goes f leaves into ! air4 ,if any leaf t y see spread out c\ld be *ang$ into a pit*] or cup %ape ) a lid1 x w\ld 9 a little "t be full ( ! wat] t comes f its pores4 ,n[ y c und]/& :y a leaf wilts aft] x is pick$4 ,x does n wilt z soon z y pick x1 = ! sap is all 9 x !n4 ,b let x be a little :ile4 ,! wat]y "p ( ! sap is go+ out ( ! pores ( ! leaf all ! "t1 & !re is no sap com+ to x ?r\gh ! /em4 ,s ! leaf wilts4 ,sid5ote3 ,keep+ fl[]s f wilt+4 ,y c keep a leaf f wilt+ = a long "t by plac+ ! /em 9 wat]4 ,:5 y d ?is ! wat] goes up ?r\gh ! little pipes 9 ! /em4 ,?is takes ! place ( ! wat] t goes out ( ! pores ( ! leaf4 ,:5 y put fl[]s 9 wat]1 y "k t ! wat] is less ! next day4 ,?is is because s mu* ( ! wat] goes up 9 ! /ems to ! leaves & blossoms4 ,y "k t if y h a plant 9 a fl[]-pot1 ! e>? gets dry 9 a day or two4 ,?is is *iefly because ! wat] 9 ! e>? is suck$ up by ! roots1 & runs up all ?r\gh ! plant1 & goes out ( ! pores ( ! leaves & blossoms4 ,"s ( ! wat] goes up directly f ! e>? into ! air1 b mo/ ( x goes ?r\gh ! plant4 ,sid5ote3 ,mu* wat] 9 ! air1 b n se54 ,y c n see ! wat] t comes out ( ! leaves & blossoms into ! air4 ,!re is a great deal ( wat] 9 ! air t y c n see4 ,y h (t5 se5 9 a hot day ! wat] /& 9 drops on ! outside ( y\r tumbl]4 ,j ?9k h[ ^! drops come !re4 ,p sometimes say t ! tumbl] sweats1 j z if ! wat] came ?r\gh ! glass4 ,b ?is1 y "k1 c n be4 ,wat] c n get ?r\gh glass4 ,! drops come !re 9 ?is way4 ,! cold wat] 9 ! tumbl] makes ! glass v cold4 ,& ! wat] 9 ! w>m air ar\nd ! tumbl]1 !re=e1 ga!rs ^u x4 ,sometimes !re is mu* m wat] 9 ! air ?an !re is at o!r times4 ,!n ! tumbl] is v wet4 ,n[ a great deal ( ! wat] 9 ! air comes f ! leaves ( ! trees & ! plants all ab\t u4 ,! leaves may be said to be brea?+ moi/ure into ! air all ! "t4 ,i %all tell y m ab\t ! wat] t is 9 ! air 9 ,"p ,?ird4 ,?is moi/ure t is brea!d out f ! leaves makes ! air s(t1 :ile ! fragrance ( ! fl[]s makes x balmy4 ,ea* leaf yields b a little wat]1 & s does b little good 9 ?is way4 ,b !re are s _m leaves t a great deal ( wat] comes f all ( !m4 ,x puts me 9 m9d ( ! ,scot* prov]b1 8,_m a little makes a mickle40 ,sid5ote3 ,lesson t c be le>n$ f ! leaves4 ,^? :o want to d good 9 ! _w may le>n a lesson f ! leaves4 ,a l>ge am\nt ( good may be done :5 a great _m d ea* a little4 ,let ^? :o c d b little ?9k ( ?is4 ,let !m d e day :at !y c1 j z ea* leaf does4 ,great m51 t excite ! wond] ( ! _w1 c d a great deal ( good2 b !y c n d any ?+ l z mu* z is done by a great _m p toge!r t d ea* a little 9 a noiseless way4 ,e *ild1 9 do+ little k9d ?+s1 may1 l ! small leaf1 d 8 "p ( ! good t is to be done 9 ! _w4 ,& if mu* ( ! good t he does is n notic$ by o!rs1 ,god sees x all1 j z he sees all ! moi/ure t is brea!d out by ea* little leaf4 ,que/ions4--,:at makes ! ribs ( leaves firm8 ,:at happ5s to ^! ribs :5 a leaf wilts8 ,h[ does ! wat]y "p ( ! sap get out ( a pick$ leaf8 ,:at is said ( ! quantity ( wat] t comes f leaves8 ,tell ab\t ! wat] 9 ! leaf ( ! pit*]-plant4 ,h[ does a pick$ leaf wilt8 ,h[ does putt+ a leaf 9 wat] keep x f wilt+8 ,:at makes ! e>? 9 a fl[]-pot become dry8 ,c y see ! wat] t goes into ! air f ! leaves & o!r ?+s8 ,tell ab\t wat] settl+ on tumbl]s 9 hot wea!r4 ,:at lesson c we le>n f ! leaves8 ,,*apt] ,,xx4 ,,! ,,uses ,,( ,,leaves4 ,sid5ote3 ,refre%+ moi/ure f leaves4 ,"o use ( leaves1 z ,i told y 9 ! la/ *apt]1 is to supply ! air ) wat]4 ,9 ! hot wea!r ! air w\ld be v dry & uncom=table to u if ! leaves did n brea! out moi/ure f _! pores4 ,y c see h[ ?is is if 9 a hot day y walk across a s&y pla9 :]e !re are no leaves except ^? ( ! scanty grass & we$s4 ,"h no moi/ure is brea!d out ^u y1 to less5 ! heat t y suff] f ! burn+ sun4 ,ano!r use ( ! leaves is ?is4 ,!y are pleasant & beautiful to ! sight4 ,i h told y ab\t ?is use ( !m 9 ! beg9n+ ( ! sev5te5? *apt]4 ,sid5ote3 ,_! %ade4 ,ano!r use ( leaves is to give %ade4 ,we "k h[ refre%+ ?is is to u 9 a hot day4 ,:5 9 a city we walk ?r\gh /reets :]e !re are no trees1 h[ delightful x is to come out ( ! blaz+ sun into a squ>e t is full ( trees6 ,h[ com=table are ! c[s 9 ! pa/ure ly+ "u ! trees at mid-day1 *ew+ ! cud6 ,b ! %ade giv5 by leaves does good n m]ely to man & animals4 ,x does good to fruits1 if !re is n too mu* ( x4 ,! sun w\ld v (t5 be too hot = ! fruits1 if x %one full on !m all ! "t4 ,s ! leaves p>tly %ade !m4 ,sid5ote3 ,! grape-v9e /ripp$ ( its leaves4 ,! *ief use ( leaves is to keep plants & trees alive & make !m gr[4 ,if y %\ld /rip (f ! leaves f a plant z fa/ z !y came out1 y w\ld1 aft] a :ile1 kill x4 ,sometimes worms eat up ! leaves on trees4 ,if ?is is done ye> aft] ye> to a tree x dies4 ,i knew a man to /rip (f all ! leaves f a grape-v9e4 ,he ?\ght t x w\ld make ! grapes gr[ f9ely4 ,he _h se5 p take (f "s ( ! bran*es f grape-v9es1 to make ! grapes gr[ l>ge & full4 ,s he ?\ght t if he took all ! leaves (f1 ! sap w\ld all g into ! grapes & make !m v l>ge4 ,he ?\ght1 too1 t ! sun w\ld make !m rip5 fa/4 ,b he f\nd t ! grapes /opp$ gr[+1 & wilt$1 & dropp$ (f4 ,!re are two reasons = ?is4 ,! sun 0 too hot = ! grapes :5 all ! leaves 7 gone4 ,& besides1 !re 7 "s leaves ne$$ to keep ! grapes alive4 ,sid5ote3 ,leaves are lungs to plants4 ,leaves are ! same ?+ to plants t lungs are to an animal4 ,! air t goes into our lungs helps to keep u alive & make u gr[4 ,s ! air t is all ab\t ! leaves ( a plant or tree helps to keep x alive & to make x gr[4 ,h[ ?is is done y c n und]/& n[4 ,i expla9 x 9 ano!r book1 :i* y w be able to und]/& :5 y are a little old]4 ,sid5ote3 ,! b>t] betwe5 lungs & leaves4 ,!re is "o ?+ ab\t ?is t y c und]/&1 :i* is v curi\s4 ,! air does n keep ! plants alive 9 j ! same way t x does animals4 ,y "k t by brea?+ air we make x bad2 & s we mu/ h all ! "t a supply ( fre% air4 ,n[ :at d y ?9k becomes ( ! bad "p ( ! air t we brea! out f ! lungs8 ,! leaves all ar\nd u take x 94 ,x is good = !m4 ,x makes !m & ! plants t !y are on gr[4 ,!y !n1 l our lungs1 are all ! "t tak+ 9 air & giv+ out air4 ,& leaves take :at lungs give1 & lungs take :at leaves give4 ,s lungs & leaves h a sort ( trade toge!r4 ,!y are always mak+ ?is ex*ange ) ea* o!r4 ,& x is a good b>ga9 = bo?4 ,bo? get :at !y want1 & b>t] away :at !y d n want4 ,sid5ote3 ,h[ x is c>ri$ on 9 w9t]4 ,b 9 w9t]1 :5 ! leaves are all gone except ^? on ! ev]gre5s1 h[ is x ) ?is trade betwe5 lungs & leaves8 ,lungs are all ! "t giv+ out bad air2 b !re are n leaves en\gh on ! ev]gre5s to take x all1 & give back ! good air4 ,well1 :at is to be done8 ,a b>t] is c>ri$ on ) ! leaves a great way (f 9 ! s\!rn c\ntries4 ,! air moves ab\t s freely t ?is is easily done4 ,! bad air goes !re1 & ! leaves t take x into _! pores give out ! good air1 :i* imm$iately spreads e :]e1 ev5 to u at ! nor?4 ,x is a free trade--z free z air1 z we may say4 ,!re is n z mu* bad air made by lungs 9 w9t] z 9 summ]1 because _m animals are ei!r dead or torpid4 ,b :at is made is dispos$ ( mo/ly 9 ?is way4 ,que/ions4--,h[ are leaves useful to u 9 giv+ out moi/ure to ! air8 ,:at use ( !m is next m5tion$8 ,:at is said ( ! %ade made by leaves8 ,is ?is %ade useful to fruits8 ,:at is ! *ief use ( leaves8 ,tell ab\t ! man :o /ripp$ ! leaves f 8 grape-v9e4 ,h[ are leaves l our lungs8 ,:at k9d ( b>t] is !re betwe5 leaves & ! lungs ( animals8 ,h[ is ?is b>t] c>ri$ on 9 w9t]8 ,,*apt] ,,xxi4 ,,leaves ,,9 ,,! ,,autumn4 ,sid5ote3 ,! fall ( leaves4 ,9 ! autumn 9 cold climates ! leaves fall4 ,?is is ! reason t ! autumn is call$ ! fall ( ! ye>4 ,!re are "s trees t h leaves on !m all ! "t4 ,^! are call$ ev]gre5s4 ,9 v hot climates ! leaves ( trees & bu%es are out all ! ye> r\nd4 ,!y h no p>ticul> "t to fall4 ,& "s leaves /ay on = _m ye>s4 ,^? t /ay on s long gr[ to be v l>ge4 ,sid5ote3 ,ev]gre5s4 ,if a tree or a bu% t has its leaves fall 9 ! autumn 9 a cold climate be rais$ 9 a w>m climate1 x w !re keep its leaves on all ! ye>4 ,9 ! s\!rn p>ts ( ,europe qu9ce-trees are ev]gre54 ,! currant-bu%1 :i*1 y "k1 ) u is b>e ?r\gh ! w9t]1 9 a hot c\ntry has leaves on x all ! ye>4 ,sid5ote3 ,*ange ( color 9 leaves 9 autumn4 ,be=e ! leaves fall1 _m ( !m1 y "k1 become v beautifully color$4 ,! v>iety ( colors t y see 9 diff]5t trees is v pleas+ to ! eye4 ,! maple-leaf is color$ bright r$1 ! oak a deep r$1 ! walnut yell[1 & o!r trees h _! leaves v>i\sly color$4 ,"s trees *ange _! leaves e>li] ?an o!rs1 & "s at fir/ are only p>tly *ang$4 ,s y see ! gre5 m+l$ beautifully ) ! bright r$1 yell[1 & o!r colors4 ,i h (t5 admir$ a s+le tree /&+ by itself :5 x is p>tly *ang$4 ,! maple is p>ticul>ly beautiful4 ,! top g5]ally *anges fir/4 ,y (t5 see ! top bright r$1 & !n ! r$ is mix$ ) ! gre5 "h & !re 9 o!r p>ts ( ! tree4 ,a little way (f x looks z if ! top 7 a clu/] ( r$ fl[]s4 ,& ! o!r p>ts ( ! tree look z if ! fl[]s 7 com+ out among ! gre5 leaves4 ,sid5ote3 ,brilliant & v>i$ beauty ( ! =e/s 9 autumn4 ,:5 ! sun %9es brightly all ! diff]5t colors ( ! leaves make ! woods look at a little di/ance z if !y 7 all cov]$ ) blossoms4 ,x is a v spl5did sight t y see :5 y look (f f a high hill ov] ! woods on ! hills & valleys4 ,x looks z if mon/r\s b\quets ( fl[]s _h be5 /uck d[n ?ick toge!r 9 ! gr\nd4 ,su* a sight is especially spl5did :5 ! sun is ne>ly d[n4 ,!n ! light & %ade v>y ! sc5e4 ,"h y see ! top ( a tall tree /&+ bright 9 ! sun1 :ile ! o!r trees ar\nd are 9 ! %ade4 ,!re y see a :ole clu/] ( tall trees light$ up on "o side4 ,"h is a %ad$ spot1 & !re1 close by1 is a v bright spot1 ! sun %9+ ^u x ?r\gh "s break 9 a hill4 ,! colors 9 ! light$ spots look ! bright] = ! %ad$ spots ne> by4 ,s1 too1 x is v beautiful :51 ) ! sun ov]head1 brok5 cl\ds are pass+ quickly 9 ! sky4 ,! swift %ad[s ( ! cl\ds give con/ant *anges to ! sc5e4 ,"o %ad[ seems to be *as+ ano!r ov] a b$ ( fl[]s4 ,:5 ! leaves put on ^! bright colors x is ! beg9n+ ( _! dea?4 ,!y soon fall to ! gr\nd1 & decay1 & become a "p ( ! e>?4 ,"s "o has said t fl[]s are ,god's smiles4 ,s we may say t ,god smiles ^u u 9 ! dy+ leaf1 :5 he makes x s mu* l a fl[]4 ,sid5ote3 ,:at makes ! colors ( ! leaves 9 autumn4 ,h[ x is t all ^! diff]5t colors are made 9 ! leaves 9 ! autumn we "k n4 ,x is said t ! fro/ makes !m1 b no "o c tell h[ x does x4 ,&1 inde$1 x is probably n ! fro/ alone t ?us pa9ts ! leaves1 = ! *ange sometimes beg9s be=e any fro/ is p]ceiv$4 ,we d n und]/& h[ ?is effect is produc$ any bett] ?an we d h[ ! v>i\s colors ( ! fl[]s are made4 ,sid5ote3 ,=e/s 9 ,engl&4 ,x is s+ul> t 9 ,engl& ! leaves d n appe> 9 ^! v bright colors 9 autumn1 s t an ,engli%man is a/oni%$ at ! beauty ( our =e/s 9 t season ( ! ye>4 ,n[ :y x is t ! leaves are n affect$ !re1 9 ! same way t !y are "h1 we d n "k4 ,x is suppos$ t x is because !re is m dampness !re ?an !re is ) u4 ,:atev] may be ! cause1 x makes a great diff]5ce ) ! beauty ( autumnal sc5]y4 ,we %\ld h>dly be will+ to ex*ange ! brilliancy ( an ,am]ican ,octob] day = ! dull colors pres5t$ by ! =e/s 9 ,engl&4 ,que/ions4--,:y is autumn call$ ! fall ( ! ye>8 ,:at are ev]gre5s8 ,:at is told ab\t qu9ce-trees & currant-bu%es8 ,:at is said ( ! colors ( leaves j be=e !y fall8 ,tell ab\t ! maple z its leaves are *ang+4 ,h[ d ! =e/s look 9 ! bright sun :5 ! leaves are *ang$8 ,h[ d !y look j be=e sund[n8 ,h[ :5 %ad[s ( cl\ds are pass+ ov] !m8 ,:at is said ab\t ,god's mak+ ! dy+ leaves s mu* l fl[]s8 ,d we "k h[ ! colors are made 9 ! leaves 9 autumn8 ,:at is said ab\t ! leaves 9 ,engl&8 ,,*apt] ,,xxii4 ,,leaf-,,buds4 ,leaves come f buds j z fl[]s d4 ,if y look at ! buds 9 ! spr+ on a tree y see t !y are beg9n+ to swell4 ,!y gr[ l>g] & l>g]1 l ! buds t turn into blossoms4 ,aft] a :ile !y unfold1 & ! gre5 leaves are spread out4 ,h[ is x1 y w want to "k1 t ^! leaves are made8 ,!y are v diff]5t f ! leaves ( ! blossoms2 b1 l !m1 !y are made out ( ! sap4 ,! sap comes con/antly to ! leaf-bud1 j z x does to ! fl[]-bud1 ?r\gh ! f9e pipes 9 ! /em4 ,& s ?is sap is made into leaves4 ,sid5ote3 ,diff]5ce betwe5 leaf-buds & fl[]-buds4 ,!re are1 !n1 leaf-buds & fl[]-buds4 ,y c tell !m ap>t by _! %apes4 ,! fl[]-buds are r\nd & %ort2 ! leaf-buds are long & po9t$4 ,y c see ?is diff]5ce v pla9ly on a pea*-tree 9 ! spr+4 ,on "s trees ! fl[]-buds op5 be=e ! leaf-buds4 ,?is is ! case ) "s ( ! maples4 ,! r$ color t makes !m look s beautiful 9 ! spr+1 be=e !y h put out _! leaves1 is ow+ to ! blossoms ) :i* !y are cov]$4 ,^! are q small1 & !y are v ri*1 if y exam9e !m ) a microscope4 ,! fl[]-buds ( ! pea*-trees also op5 be=e ! leaf-buds1 & "s ( !m are v spl5did ) _! multitudes ( p9k blossoms4 ,sid5ote3 ,leaves & fl[]s f ! same buds4 ,!re is sometimes ano!r k9d ( buds4 ,!re are buds f :i* bo? leaves & fl[]s are =m$4 ,y see ?is 9 ! lilac4 ,! leaves fir/ spread out f ! bud1 & !n 9 ! mid/ ( ! leaves comes out a clu/] ( fl[]s4 ,:5 we see all ^! leaves & blossoms1 & rememb] ! bud1 we wond] t s mu* c come out ( s little a bud z ?is 04 ,sid5ote3 ,buds ( ! horse-*e/nut & grape-v9e4 ,illu/ration ,?is seems v wond]ful :5 we see x 9 ! horse-*e/nut4 ,i h (t5 wat*$ f day to day ! buds ( ?is tree z !y 7 op5+4 ,y see at fir/ a small bud cov]$ ) br[n scales4 ,x gr[s l>g] & l>g] day aft] day1 & aft] a :ile appe>s z y see x "h4 ,soon y see x op5 & ! leaves pu% out4 ,b !y are all fold$ up4 ,y see !m unfold m & m e day4 ,aft] a :ile !re is a tall /alk ) leaves hav+ long /ems4 ,!n comes a l>ge clu/] ( blossoms at ! top ( ?is /alk4 ,y c see ! same ?+ 9 ! grape-v9e4 ,! grape-/alk looks 9 w9t] z if x 7 a dead /ick4 ,x does n look z if any ?+ liv+ c\ld come out f x4 ,b 9 ! spr+ y see little buds />t+ out "h & !re4 ,wat* "o ( ^! buds4 ,y w see x swell1 & aft] a :ile leaves w unfold f x4 ,& y w see t :at comes f ! bud is n leaves alone4 ,x is a bran* ) leaves on x4 ,aft] a :ile clu/]s ( blossoms appe> among ! leaves1 fill+ ! air ) _! fragrance4 ,!n grapes =m4 ,! bran* goes on to gr[1 & gets to be _m feet long by ! "t ! grapes are ripe4 ,all ?is comes f ! little bud1 & is made out ( ! sap4 ,sid5ote3 ,! unfold+ ( plants f buds4 ,illu/ration ,n[ suppose y c\ld see all ?is happ5 :ile y /& look+ at ! v9e4 ,suppose y c\ld see ! bud swell1 !n ! leaves pu% out1 !n ! fl[]s =m1 !n ! grapes1 & !n see ! :ole gr[ :ile ! grapes are gr[+ & rip5+4 ,y w\ld ?9k ?is v wond]ful4 ,b x is j z wond]ful to h all ?is done sl[ly4 ,! great wond] is t x is done at all4 ,no "o b ,god c\ld make all ?is come f a bud4 ,& he c\ld d x 9 an h\r z well z 9 sev]al weeks if he ?\ght x 0 be/4 ,sid5ote3 ,rock-saxifrage4 ,?is unfold+ ( plants is v beautiful & int]e/+4 ,i h (t5 wat*$ x 9 ! rock-saxifrage1 "o ( ! wild fl[]s ( spr+4 ,i h1 = ?is purpose1 tak5 x up ) a little e>? ar\nd x1 :5 x 0 no?+ b a small bud peep+ up out ( ! gr\nd1 & h put x into a sauc]4 ,z ,i wat*$ x f day to day ! bud spread out into leaves4 ,!n came up a little /alk out ( ! mid/ ( ! clu/] ( leaves1 & on ! end ( ! /alk appe>$ a great _m little :ite fl[]s4 ,sid5ote3 ,engli% c[slip4 ,sid5ote3 ,! cr[n ( ! cr[n-imp]ial4 ,y see ! same ?+ 9 ! ,engli% c[slip1 :i* is repres5t$ at ! bottom ( ! opposite page4 ,all ?is came f a little bud1 j z x is ) ! rock-saxifrage4 ,t curi\s b elegant plant1 ! cr[n-imp]ial1 unfolds 9 a little diff]5t way4 ,a /alk comes up 9 ! mid/ ( ! leaves2 b z x gr[s up leaves come out f ! /alk4 ,:5 x is fully gr[n1 & 9 blossom1 ! :ole plant pres5ts a s+ul> b spl5did appe>ance4 ,! long po9t$ leaves /& out ar\nd ! tall1 /raight /alk = "s way up4 ,!n ! /alk is nak$ = z mu* z ! l5g? ( two f+]s1 & on ! top is a cr[n ( leaves & fl[]s1 ! fl[]s hang+ d[n4 ,x is v well nam$ ! cr[n-imp]ial4 ,b !re are jewels 9 ?is cr[n t mo/ p d n see4 ,!y are to be se5 only by look+ up into ! fl[]4 ,9 ea* leaf ( ! fl[] :]e x jo9s on to ! /em !re is a beautiful little %all[ cup :i* is v :ite4 ,f ?is cup hangs a %9+ drop1 l a te>4 ,! :it5ess ( ! cup gives ! drop a ri* pe>ly color4 ,x seems1 z y look up into ! fl[]1 z if !re 7 six spl5did pe>ls fa/5$ !re4 ,ea* cup always has ?is drop hang+ f x4 ,if y put up some?+ :i* w soak x up1 !re w soon be ano!r "o =m$ !re4 ,^! drops are ! honey ( ! fl[]4 ,que/ions4--,:at d leaves come f8 ,:at are !y made (8 ,h[ c y tell ! diff]5ce betwe5 fl[]-buds & leaf-buds8 ,m5tion "s trees on :i* ! fl[]-buds op5 be=e ! leaf-buds4 ,:at is said ab\t ano!r k9d ( buds8 ,tell ab\t ! lilac--! horse-*e/nut--! grape-v9e4 ,w\ld x be any m wond]ful if ! unfold+ ( ! buds ( ! grape-v9e 7 done 9 a %ort] "t8 ,tell ab\t ! rock-saxifrage--! ,engli% c[slip--! cr[n-imp]ial4 ,:at is v curi\s & beautiful 9 ! cr[n-imp]ial8 ,,*apt] ,,xxiii4 ,,! ,,cov]+s ,,( ,,! ,,buds4 ,sid5ote3 ,scales ( ! horse-*e/nut bud4 ,y rememb] t ,i m5tion$ to y ! br[n scales on ! buds ( ! horse-*e/nut4 ,i w tell y :at ^! scales are =3 !y cov] up ! t5d] bud f ! cold ( w9t] & e>ly spr+4 ,^! scales are q ?ick1 z y c see4 ,!y are glu$ toge!r1 too1 q tightly by a /icky sub/ance4 ,!y make 9 ?is way a close little case = ! bud1 to keep x snug f ! cold air4 ,:5 ! wea!r gets w>m en\gh ! swell+ bud pu%es ! scales ap>t4 ,& :5 ! leaves are out ^! scales drop (f1 because !re is no m use = !m4 ,9 cold climates ! buds are always protect$ 9 ?is way by a cov]+4 ,! buds t y see 9 ! spr+ d n beg9 9 ! spr+4 ,!y are =m$ ! ye> be=e1 a little :ile be=e ! leaves beg9 to fall4 ,& z !y =m !y loos5 ! leaves1 & soon pu% !m (f4 ,sid5ote3 ,treasures 9 ! buds 9 w9t]4 ,n[ 9 ^! little buds are lock$ up all ! leaves & fl[]s t are to come out ! next spr+4 ,! preci\s treasures ( ano!r ye> are 9 ^! buds4 ,!y mu/ be kept safe1 !n1 ?r\gh ! cold w9t]4 ,& s !y h tight cov]+s to gu>d !m f ! cold4 ,!y are all ?is "t q small1 b !y are ready to gr[ :5ev] ! w>m wea!r comes4 ,if y %\ld pick (f ! cov]+ ( "o ( ^! buds 9 ! w9t] ! cold air w\ld freeze x1 & x w\ld die4 ,^! cov]+s h be5 call$ by "s "o ! 8w9t]-cradles0 ( ! buds4 ,x is a v good "n = !m4 ,! little buds 9 ^! cradles rock back & =? 9 ! cold w9ds ( w9t]1 & are z secure f h>m z ! little baby 9 its cradle 9 its nice w>m home1 %ut 9 f ! w9try bla/s4 ,& notice ano!r ?+4 ,! inside ( ^! cradles is l9$ ) a s(t d[n4 ,?is is ! bud's little blanket to keep x w>m 9 its cradle4 ,9 w>m climates ! buds d n h ^! 8w9t]-cradles10 = !re is no ne$ ( !m4 ,! buds ( ! orange-tree & lemon-tree h no cov]+s4 ,sid5ote3 ,! c>e :i* ! ,creator takes ( buds 9 ! w9t]4 ,x is ?us t ,god takes c>e ( ! t5d] bud4 ,he always gives x a cov]+ :5 x ne$s "o to keep x f ! cold4 ,b 9 ! sunny s\? he leaves ! bud nak$ to ! pleasant w>m air4 ,to put a ?ick cov]+ ov] x !re w\ld d x h>m4 ,x w\ld be l a man's putt+ on a heavy ov]coat 9 mid-summ]4 ,que/ions4--,:at is said ( ! scales ( ! horse-*e/nut bud8 ,:at is said ( ! buds 9 cold climates8 ,:y is x v necess>y to h ! buds kept safe ?r\gh ! w9t]8 ,:at v good "n has be5 giv5 to ! cov]+s ( buds8 ,h[ is x ) ! buds 9 w>m climates8 ,:at is said ( ! c>e :i* ,god takes ( buds8 ,,*apt] ,,xxiv4 ,,:at ,,roots ,,are ,,=4 ,sid5ote3 ,! bus9ess ( roots4 ,:5 a se$ spr\ts1 ! root1 ,i h told y1 goes d[n into ! gr\nd1 :ile ! /alk goes upw>d into ! air4 ,! root goes d[n because ! food ( ! plant is 9 ! gr\nd4 ,x is ! bus9ess ( ! root to suck up ?is food1 s t ! plant may be n\ri%$ & gr[4 ,! root is1 !n1 a sort ( /oma* to ! plant4 ,if x _h no root x w\ld n gr[1 any m ?an y w\ld if y _h no /oma* to put y\r food 94 ,sid5ote3 ,m\?s 9 _! fibres4 ,! root has little m\?s 9 its bran*es e :]e4 ,x is by ^! t ! food ( ! plant is suck$ up4 ,!y are s small t y c n see !m )\t a p[]ful microscope4 ,!y are 9 ! f9e p>ts or fibres ( ! root t y see hang+ to ! ma9 bran*es ( x :5 y take up a root4 ,we are v c>eful n to break (f ^! fibres :5 we take up a plant or tree to set x out aga9 9 ano!r place2 = ! m ( ^! little m\?s !re are1 ! m likely w x be to live4 ,if all ! fibres be brok5 (f f ! root ! plant c n live1 because !re are no m\?s to suck up ! food4 ,x w die j z y w\ld if y %\ld /op eat+4 ,z !re are little m\?s all ov] ! fibres ( a root1 !re mu/ be a multitude ( !m4 ,y c n c\nt !m any m ?an y c c\nt ! s&s on ! sea-%ore4 ,^! m\?s dr9k up a fluid f ! gr\nd4 ,?is fluid is ! sap t goes up 9 ! /alk to n\ri% ! plant4 ,e ?+ 9 ! plant--! leaves1 ! fl[]s1 ! fruit--is made1 z ,i h told y be=e1 f ! sap t ! root sucks up4 ,sid5ote3 ,m\?s 9 roots *oose :at !y w suck up4 ,^! m\?s d n suck up exactly ! same ?+ 9 all roots4 ,! sap ( "o plant diff]s some:at f t ( ano!r plant4 ,:at ! root ( a pepp]-plant sucks up is n ! same t is suck$ up by ! root ( a /rawb]ry-plant4 ,! root ( ! pepp]-plant sucks up su* sap t ! bit+ pepp]s c be made out ( x4 ,& ! root ( ! /rawb]ry-plant sucks up sap t is fitt$ to make its pleasant fruit4 ,! pepp]-plant & ! /rawb]ry-plant are s diff]5t f ea* o!r1 t we %\ld h>dly suppose t !y c\ld gr[ out ( ! same e>? side by side4 ,b !y c4 ,h[ is ?is8 ,d ! little m\?s 9 ! roots *oose _! food8 ,!y d4 ,! /rawb]ry m\?s *oose :at w make /rawb]ries1 & ! pepp] m\?s *oose :at w make pepp]s4 ,b !y d n *oose 9 ! same way t we *oose4 ,!y d n ?9k ab\t x z we d4 ,b !y *oose j z well z if !y did ?9k4 ,p]haps !y *oose bett] ?an we d4 ,we sometimes make mi/akes ab\t our food4 ,b !y always *oose j "r4 ,h[ ?is is we d n "k4 ,god has made !m 9 su* a way t !y suck up ! "r k9d ( food f ! e>?4 ,?is is all t we "k ab\t x4 ,v commonly diff]5t k9ds ( plants w gr[ 9 ! same k9d ( e>?4 ,:at a v>iety ( plants & trees y (t5 see 9 ! same g>d56 ,b sometimes "o plant requires a diff]5t soil f o!r plants4 ,y see ?is 9 ! asp>agus4 ,?is vegetable does be/ 9 a soil t has consid]able salt 9 x2 t is1 x ?rives on salt food1 z we may say4 ,= ?is reason we spr9kle salt ov] an asp>agus-b$ 9 ! spr+4 ,sid5ote3 ,asp>agus roots l salt$ food4 ,b :ile salt makes ! asp>agus gr[ s well1 x w kill o!r plants4 ,x w kill all ! we$s & grass t happ5 to be 9 ! asp>agus-b$4 ,if y put on a good deal ( salt no we$s w come up till aft] all ! salt is suck$ up by ! asp>agus4 ,i _h a *ance la/ spr+ to see h[ bad salt is = grass4 ,! man :o put ! salt on my asp>agus-b$ spill$ "s ( x on a grassplot close by4 ,9 e spot :]e x fell x kill$ ! grass4 ,s y see t :at is poison to grass is food to asp>agus4 ,sid5ote3 ,fl[]s 9 swamps4 ,we f9d "s k9ds ( fl[]s only 9 swamps4 ,^! w n gr[ well 9 ! high gr\nds :]e ! soil is diff]5t4 ,! reason is1 t ! little m\?s 9 ! roots d n f9d ! "r k9d ( food !re4 ,que/ions4--,h[ is ! root a sort ( /oma* to a plant8 ,:]e are ! little m\?s ( ! root8 ,:at is said ab\t c>e 9 mov+ plants or trees8 ,:at is said ( ! numb] ( m\?s 9 a root1 & ( _! size8 ,d ! roots ( ! pepp]-plant & ! /rawb]ry-plant suck up ! same k9d ( food8 ,:at is said ( ! m\?s ( roots *oos+ _! food f ! gr\nd8 ,tell ab\t ! asp>agus4 ,:at is said ( plants gr[+ 9 swamps8 ,,*apt] ,,xxv4 ,,m ,,ab\t ,,roots4 ,sid5ote3 ,bran*+ roots4 ,sid5ote3 ,fibr\s roots4 ,illu/ration ,! root1 besides be+ a sort ( /oma* to ! plant1 is its support4 ,! plant is fa/5$ by x firmly 9 ! gr\nd4 ,= ?is reason a l>ge tree has a l>ge & deep root4 ,its root bran*es out v mu* z ! tree does above4 ,x is %ap$ z y see "h4 ,b :5 ! plant is q small1 & !re is n mu* to be support$1 ! root is diff]5t4 ,x is p]haps made up ( fibres z se5 9 ?is figure4 ,?is is ! case ) ! roots ( grass1 z y c see by pull+ up "s ( x4 ,9 a piece ( turf !re are a great _m spe>s ( grass1 & s x is full ( ^! fibr\s roots m+l$ toge!r4 ,illu/ration ,"s roots are made = /ill ano!r purpose4 ,besides n\ri%+ ! plant & support+ x1 ! root sometimes answ]s = food4 ,:5 a root is int5d$ = ?is use x is l>ge4 ,look at ! root ( ! beet4 ,"h is a figure ( x4 ,! plant does n ne$ s l>ge a root z ?is to n\ri% & support x4 ,! plant is no?+ b a bun* ( leaves1 & ) a v small root x w\ld /& up 9 ! gr\nd4 ,a small root1 too1 w\ld answ] to suck up all ! sap t x ne$s4 ,s small a plant c\ld get along ) a v small /oma*4 ,illu/ration ,y rememb] t 9 ! *apt] on se$s ,i told y t ! se$-hold] is sometimes l>g] ?an x ne$ be to hold ! se$s4 ,! pe> is a se$-hold]1 b x is l>g] ?an x ne$ be if x 7 meant to be only a se$-hold]4 ,x is meant to be some?+ else4 ,x is fruit to be eat5 z well z a se$-hold]4 ,x answ]s two purposes4 ,s1 too1 :5 a root is l>g] ?an x ne$ be to n\ri% ! plant1 x answ]s two purposes4 ,besides suck+ up food = ! plant1 x answ]s z food = animals4 ,sid5ote3 ,beets & turnips4 ,illu/ration ,9 ^! l>ge roots ! m\?s t suck up ! sap are n 9 ! body ( ! root4 ,!y are 9 ! little fibres t are jo9$ on to ! ma9 root1 z y see 9 ! beet4 ,9 ! root ( ! turnip1 z se5 9 ?is figure1 !re is a sort ( tail go+ d[n into ! gr\nd f ! bottom ( x4 ,! fibres1 :]e ! m\?s are1 make a "p ( ?is tail4 ,sid5ote3 ,runn]s4 ,illu/ration ,9 "s plants roots are =m$ v curi\sly4 ,%oots />t out & run along on ! gr\nd4 ,aft] a little :ile ^! runn]s1 z !y are call$1 s5d d[n roots into ! gr\nd1 z is "h repres5t$4 ,! /rawb]ry1 y "k1 spreads 9 ?is way4 ,s d ! v]b5as4 ,:5 a runn] gets fairly root$ x c live by itself1 = x has a root1 t is1 a /oma* ( its own4 ,y c sep>ate x n[ f ! ma9 plant if y *oose1 & set x out some:]e else4 ,?is is done :5ev] we plant a new /rawb]ry-b$4 ,sid5ote3 ,roots ( dahlias4 ,illu/ration ,?is is a s+ul> k9d ( root4 ,x is spread out l a h&4 ,ea* ( ^! f+]s c be sep>at$ f ! re/1 & w gr[ by itself4 ,! roots ( ! dahlias are ( ?is k9d4 ,sid5ote3 ,bulbs4 ,illu/ration ,"s roots are bulbs1 z !y are call$4 ,! onion is a bulb\s root4 ,bel[ is "o cut op54 ,y see t x is all made up ( coats1 "o inside ( ano!r1 :i* y c peel (f4 ,! roots ( hyac9?s1 lilies1 blue-bells1 & crocuses1 are bulbs4 ,^! lie 9 ! e>? v /ill ?r\gh all ! w9t]4 ,! life 9 !m is asleep1 j z x is 9 ! buds4 ,b x wakes up 9 ! spr+1 & d[n g ! roots f ! bottom ( ! bulbs1 & up come ! plants f _! tops4 ,x is sometimes said t a bulb is really a bud1 only x is 9 ! gr\nd1 in/ead ( be+ 9 ! air z mo/ buds are4 ,?us ! onion is a bud1 & ! real roots ( ! plant are :at y see bran*+ d[n f ! bottom ( ! bulb4 ,sid5ote3 ,slips ( plants4 ,y h he>d p talk ab\t sett+ out slips4 ,a slip is a bran* ( a plant4 ,"s plants w gr[ f slips4 ,g]aniums w4 ,if y put a slip ( g]anium into ! gr\nd & keep x well wat]$1 a root w %oot d[n into ! e>? f ! end ( ! /em4 ,& s ! bran* cut (f becomes a gr[+ plant4 ,be=e x 0 cut (f x got its food ) ! o!r bran*es f ! root ( ! plant to :i* x belong$4 ,aft] x 0 cut (f x c\ld n live unless x c\ld get a root ( its own to suck up its food f ! gr\nd4 ,sid5ote3 ,duck-meat4 ,illu/ration ,mo/ plants get _! food f ! gr\nd4 ,b "s d n4 ,"s get _! food f wat]4 ,?is is ! case ) a plant call$ duck-meat1 t is f\nd 9 ponds & dit*es :]e ! wat] is /ill4 ,y see little leaves on ! surface ( ! wat]1 & ! roots hang l ?reads f ! leaves4 ,?is is repres5t$ 9 ?is figure4 ,n[ !re is some?+ 9 ! wat] 9 ^! places :i* is suck$ up by ^! roots & makes ! leaves gr[4 ,sea-we$ has no roots ext5d+ d[n into ! gr\nd1 b x gets its n\ri%m5t f ! wat]4 ,sid5ote3 ,hang+ moss4 ,!re are "s plants t live on o!r plants4 ,! mosses t y see on trees are plants ( ?is k9d4 ,at ! ,s\? !re is a k9d ( gray moss t hangs d[n f ! bran*es ( trees1 sometimes to a great l5g?4 ,x makes ! l& look z if x 7 hung 9 m\rn+4 ,! sap t n\ri%es ?is plant x gets f ! b>k ( ! trees4 ,!re are m\?s 9 ! moss :]e x hangs f ! tree t suck 9 ! sap :i* !y f9d !re4 ,sid5ote3 ,dodd]1 or love-v9e4 ,! dodd]1 or love-v9e1 is a curi\s plant4 ,x lives on o!r plants4 ,x comes up out ( ! gr\nd & cl+s to any plant t happ5s to be ne> x4 ,aft] x is well fa/5$1 & has gr[n consid]ably1 its root 9 ! gr\nd dies4 ,! little v9e does n ne$ x any long]1 = x cl+s by real roots to ! plant up :i* x runs4 ,?is is ! reason t x is call$ love-v9e2 =1 l love1 x lives on t to :i* x cl+s4 ,?is v9e has no leaves1 & x is ( a bright-yell[ color4 ,s x is sometimes call$ gold-?read v9e4 ,que/ions4--,:at is said ab\t ! root z a support = a tree8 ,h[ is x ) ! roots ( grass8 ,:at is said ab\t roots t are = food8 ,tell ab\t ! root ( ! beet4 ,give ! comp>ison made betwe5 roots & se$-hold]s4 ,:at is said ( ! root ( ! turnip8 ,:at ( ! roots ( /rawb]ries & v]b5as8 ,:at ( ! roots ( dahlias8 ,:at is said ( bulbs8 ,h[ d plants gr[ f slips8 ,:at is said ab\t ! duck-meat8 ,:at is said ( mosses8 ,tell ab\t ! dodd]4 ,,*apt] ,,xxvi4 ,,/alks ,,& ,,trunks4 ,sid5ote3 ,trunks ( trees4 ,we speak ( plants z hav+ /alks1 & ( trees z hav+ trunks4 ,a tree has a /\t firm trunk1 because its top is s l>ge & heavy4 ,its bran*es spread out s mu*1 t ! tree w\ld be brok5 d[n by ! w9d if x did n h a /rong trunk4 ,x is ! woody "p ( ! trunk t is s /rong4 ,! /alks ( plants h no wood 9 !m1 because !y d n ne$ x4 ,!y are /rong en\gh to support ! bran*es )\t hav+ any wood 9 !m4 ,sid5ote3 ,/alks ( gra9 & grass h fl9t 9 !m4 ,"s plants h _! /alks made /rong 9 a s+ul> way4 ,!re is a fl9ty e>? 9 !m4 ,?is is ! case ) :eat1 & rye1 & mo/ k9ds ( grass4 ,see h[ tall ! /alk ( rye or :eat is4 ,& x is v sl5d]4 ,b z ! w9d b5ds x ov] x does n break1 because ! fl9t 9 x makes x s /rong4 ,x is ?is fl9t 9 diff]5t k9ds ( /raws t fits !m to be us$ 9 mak+ hats & bonnets4 ,!y w\ld n be firm en\gh = ?is use if !re 0 no fl9t 9 !m4 ,y c n see or feel ! fl9t 9 ! /raw4 ,! reason is1 t ! p>ticles ( ! fl9t are s f9e1 & are s well mix$ up ) ! fibres or ?reads ( ! /raw4 ,x is ?is f9e fl9t 9 /raw t makes its a%es s useful 9 poli%+ m>ble4 ,9 "s plants y c feel ! r\ghness t is made by ! fl9t4 ,y c feel x 9 ! sc\r+-ru%1 :i* is sometimes us$ by h\se-keep]s 9 sc\r+4 ,9 ?is !re is m ( ! /ony sub/ance ?an !re is 9 ! /raw ( y\r hat1 & x is n z f9e4 ,sid5ote3 ,h[ fl9t gets into /alks4 ,b y w ask h[ /one or fl9t gets into ^! plants4 ,x is suck$ up f ! gr\nd by ! m\?s 9 ! roots1 & x goes up 9 ! sap to :]e x is want$4 ,x is want$ 9 ! /alk ( ! gra91 & s x /ops !re4 ,x nev] makes a mi/ake by go+ into ! k]nels ( ! gra94 ,if x did1 ! fl\r t is made f !m w\ld be gritty1 z we %\ld f9d out :5 we came to eat ! bread4 ,sid5ote3 ,%rubs4 ,all plants t h no wood 9 _! /alks die d[n to ! gr\nd 9 ! autumn1 ?\gh ! roots ( "s ( !m live ?r\gh ! w9t]4 ,b trees1 y "k1 rema9 f ye> to ye>4 ,s d %rubs & bu%es4 ,^! may be consid]$ z little trees4 ,"s %rubs are s small t !y d n ne$ to h _! /alks woody m]ely to support ! bran*es4 ,?us ! currant-bu% c\ld h its bran*es well support$ if ! /alks 7 n woody4 ,9 su* cases ! /alks are made woody s t !y may la/ ov] ! w9t]4 ,sid5ote3 ,v9es4 ,/alks & trunks commonly /& up ( !mselves4 ,b !re are "s t c n4 ,:5 ?is is s we call ! plant a v9e4 ,v9es are support$ 9 v>i\s ways4 ,"s are held up by m]ely w9d+ ar\nd some?+4 ,?is is true ( ! bean-v9e4 ,x w9ds itself1 z x gr[s1 ar\nd ! pole t is put up = x4 ,! hop-v9e is support$ 9 ! same way4 ,x is1 y "k1 q r\gh1 & s x c cl+ firmly ev5 to q a smoo? pole4 ,sid5ote3 ,t5drils4 ,pea-v9es are held up 9 a diff]5t way4 ,little t5drils are put =? :i* w9d ar\nd ! bran*es ( ! bu%es t are set = ! v9es to run up on4 ,^! t5drils clasp v tightly4 ,y see !m on _m k9ds ( v9es4 ,y see !m on grape-v9es1 & on ! v9e ( ! passion-fl[]4 ,sometimes ! t5drils g out f ! ends ( ! leaves4 ,y see a leaf ( ?is k9d on page #fh4 ,sid5ote3 ,?unb]gia4 ,a v9e call$ ?unb]gia is held up 9 a v que] mann]4 ,if a leaf happ5s to come ne> a twig or a /r+ x twi/s its /em ar\nd x4 ,s ! /ems ( ! leaves act z t5drils to support ! v9e4 ,sid5ote3 ,trumpet-creep]4 ,! v9e ( ! trumpet-creep] is support$ 9 a s+ul> way4 ,:5ev] x t\*es any ?+ !re come out at ! jo9ts ( ! /alks "s sprawl+ ?+s l ! feet ( a spid]4 ,^! feet fa/5 !mselves v /rongly to :atev] ! v9e is runn+ on4 ,if x runs up ! side ( a bo>d f5ce1 ^! feet mix up _! fibres v tightly ) ! fibres ( ! wood4 ,x is curi\s to obs]ve t :]e any "p ( ! v9e is n aga9/ any ?+ ^! feet d n appe>4 ,!y are made only :]e !y c be us$4 ,! plant acts j z if x knew :]e x c\ld use !m4 ,que/ions4--,:at is ! diff]5ce betwe5 /alks & trunks8 ,:y does a tree ne$ s /rong a trunk8 ,:y d ! /alks ( plants h no wood 9 !m8 ,:at is said ( ! fl9ty e>? t is 9 "s ( !m8 ,9 :at ways is ! fl9t 9 /raws ( use8 ,:at is said ( ! sc\r+-ru%8 ,h[ does fl9t get into any plant8 ,:y does x n g into ! k]nels ( gra9 z well z into ! /alks8 ,:at becomes ( /alks t are n woody 9 ! w9t]8 ,:at is said ( ! woody /alks ( %rubs8 ,:at are v9es8 ,h[ is ! bean-v9e support$8 ,tell ab\t t5drils4 ,:at is said ( ! ?unb]gia8 ,describe ! way 9 :i* ! trumpet-creep] is support$4 ,,*apt] ,,xxvii4 ,,! ,,b>k ,,( ,,trees ,,& ,,%rubs4 ,9 ! trunk ( a tree or ! /alk ( a %rub !re are ?ree p>ts4 ,!y are ! b>k1 ! wood1 & ! pi?4 ,sid5ote3 ,! out] b>k ( a tree its coat4 ,! b>k is n all "o ?+4 ,x is made up ( two p>ts2 or r1 we %\ld say1 !re are two b>ks4 ,!re is an out] b>k & an inn] "o4 ,! out] b>k has no life 9 x4 ,x is ?is out] b>k t gives su* a r\ghness to ! trunks ( "s trees1 z ! elm & ! oak4 ,9 ! bir*1 y c peel (f ?is b>k 9 /rips "r ar\nd ! trunk ( ! tree4 ,indians make v pretty boxes ( ^! /rips ( bir*-b>k4 ,! out] b>k is a coat = ! tree4 ,x cov]s up ! liv+ p>ts s t !y %all n be injur$4 ,x does = ! tree :at our clo!s d = our bodies4 ,x is n a p]fectly tight coat4 ,x has little op5+s e :]e 9 x4 ,x w\ld be bad = ! tree to h ?is coat on x tight1 j z x w\ld be bad = our bodies to h an ,india-rubb] cov]+ close to ! sk94 ,?is out] b>k is a great protection to ! tree ?r\gh ! cold w9t]4 ,x keeps ! cold f kill+ ! trunk & ! bran*es4 ,?is coat ( ! tree cov]s x all1 ev5 out to ! end ( ! smalle/ twig4 ,! tree looks z if x 0 dead 9 w9t] )\t its gre5 leaves4 ,b !re is life lock$ up !re1 j z ,i told y !re is 9 ! se$ t is kept ?r\gh ! w9t]4 ,! life 9 ! tree is asleep z x is 9 ! se$4 ,x is ready to be wak$ up :5 ! w>m wea!r ( ! spr+ %all come4 ,dur+ ?is w9t]'s sleep ( ! tree1 ! liv+ inn] b>k & wood are safe1 cov]$ up by ! tree's r\gh coat4 ,sid5ote3 ,! inn] b>k4 ,if y peel (f ! out] b>k1 z y c v easily 9 ! bir*1 y come to ! fre% & juicy inn] b>k4 ,?is ,i h told y is alive4 ,x is full ( sap4 ,x has a great deal to d ) ! gr[? ( ! tree4 ,x is by ?is b>k t ! wood inside ( x is made4 ,sid5ote3 ,trees sometimes cov]$ ) /raw 9 w9t]4 ,y h sometimes se5 small trees cov]$ 9 ! w9t] ) /raw ti$ nicely all ar\nd !m4 ,?is is because !y are t5d] trees t are n us$ to our cold wea!r4 ,!y belong to a w>m] climate1 & ,god gave !m j su* a coat z !y ne$$ !re4 ,& :5 we und]take to h su* trees "h at ! nor?1 ! coat t ,god has giv5 !m is n en\gh to keep !m f freez+ 9 our long1 cold w9t]s4 ,s we h to put ano!r coat ov] x4 ,que/ions4--,:at are ! p>ts ( ! trunk ( a tree8 ,tell ab\t ! b>k4 ,:at is ! outside b>k =8 ,h[ mu* ( ! tree does x cov] & protect8 ,:at is said ( ! life asleep 9 ! trees 9 ! w9t]8 ,:at is said ( ! inn] b>k8 ,:y is /raw ti$ ar\nd "s trees 9 w9t]8 ,,*apt] ,,xxviii4 ,,! ,,wood ,,9 ,,trees ,,& ,,%rubs4 ,sid5ote3 ,h[ wood is made4 ,p]haps x seem$ /range to y :5 ,i said 9 ! la/ *apt] t b>k makes wood4 ,b s x is4 ,e ye> ! liv+ inn] b>k goes to "w & makes a lay] ( wood out ( ! sap t is 9 x4 ,?is "w is done 9 ! w>m wea!r4 ,9 ! w9t] !re is no wood made4 ,! tree is asleep !n4 ,x is :at ! b>k does t makes ! tree l>g] e ye>4 ,a new lay] ( wood is =m$ by x all up ! trunk1 & along out to ! end ( all ! bran*es4 ,sid5ote3 ,its lay]s4 ,illu/ration ,! diff]5t lay]s ( wood made 9 ! diff]5t ye>s are (t5 v di/9ct f ea* o!r4 ,y c see !m 9 a log t has be5 cut or sawn across4 ,sometimes !y are s di/9ct t y c c\nt !m1 & s tell j h[ _m ye>s old ! tree is4 ,"h is a repres5tation ( ! sawn end ( ! trunk ( a tree4 ,y see t ! r+s ( ! wood are v pla94 ,sid5ote3 ,pipes 9 ! wood = ! sap4 ,! wood "p ( ! trunk & bran*es is full ( small pipes4 ,x is ?r\gh ^! pipes t ! sap goes up f ! roots & gets to ! leaves4 ,x is 9 ?is way t x goes to ! v ends ( ! topmo/ b\ghs ( ! talle/ trees4 ,?is is v wond]ful4 ,h[ ! sap is made to g up su* a great di/ance ?r\gh ^! pipes 9 ! wood we d n "k4 ,!re is only "o way t man c make wat] g s high ?r\gh pipes4 ,he c d x by a =c+-pump4 ,b we c see no?+ l =c+-pumps 9 ! trees4 ,we f9d no?+ b ^! pipes go+ f ! roots up to ! leaves4 ,& ! sap is fl[+ up ?r\gh !m v quietly all ! "t4 ,sid5ote3 ,sap-pipes num]\s4 ,9 a l>ge tree !re is a multitude ( ^! pipes 9 ! wood4 ,& :5 y look at ! huge trunk1 ?9k :at a quantity ( sap !re is go+ up ?r\gh x all ! "t to keep all ^? leaves fre% & gre54 ,if y c\ld see x all 9 "o pipe x w\ld be q a /ream4 ,sid5ote3 ,he>t-wood4 ,if y look at ! end ( a log y w see t !re are two k9ds ( wood4 ,! wood 9 ! c5tre is diff]5t f t :i* is ar\nd x4 ,x is call$ ! he>t-wood4 ,! pipes 9 x are /opp$ up1 & no sap c g up ?r\gh x4 ,! pipes = ! sap are cle> only 9 ! newe/ "p ( ! wood4 ,sid5ote3 ,pi?4 ,! use ( ! pi? ( trees & plants we d n und]/&4 ,! pi? is v small 9 trees1 b x is q l>ge 9 "s plants & %rubs4 ,all boys "k t x is v l>ge 9 ! eld]4 ,x is also l>ge 9 ! /alks ( corn1 & ( ! sug>-cane4 ,que/ions4--,h[ is ! wood 9 a tree made8 ,:at is said ( ! diff]5t lay]s ( wood8 ,:at is said ( ! small pipes 9 ! wood8 ,d we "k h[ ! sap is made to g up 9 !m8 ,:at is said ( ! quantity ( sap t goes up 9 ! trunk ( a l>ge tree8 ,:at is said ( ! two k9ds ( wood t y see 9 look+ at ! end ( a log8 ,:at d we "k ab\t ! pi? ( trees & plants8 ,,*apt] ,,xxix4 ,,:at ,,is ,,made ,,f ,,sap4 ,e ?+ t y see 9 a tree or a plant is made f ! sap4 ,! b>k1 ! wood1 ! leaves1 ! fl[]s1 ! fruit1 are all made f x4 ,ev5 ! root t sucks up ! sap f ! gr\nd is made f ! sap itself4 ,sid5ote3 ,! great diff]5ce 9 ?+s made f sap4 ,x is /range t s _m diff]5t ?+s c be made out ( ! same ?+4 ,x is /range t a r\gh b>k & h>d wood c be made f ! same ?+ z ! beautiful fl[] & ! delici\s fruit4 ,look at an apple-blossom1 & !n look at ! b>k ( ! tree1 & ?9k ( !m z be+ made f ! same sap4 ,y c h>dly believe t x is s4 ,h[ /range x is to ?9k ( ! %>p ?orns on a rose-bu% z be+ made f ! same sap t makes ! s(t1 & smoo?1 & beautiful leaves ( ! roses6 ,if any man %\ld tell y t he c\ld make a brick & a piece ( clo?1 ) beautifully color$ figures on x1 f ! same ?+1 y w\ld say he 0 crazy4 ,b !re is n z mu* diff]5ce betwe5 ! brick & ! clo? z !re is betwe5 rude b>k & a fl[] made f ! same sap4 ,! ,creator does1 9 ! mo/ common plants & trees1 :at man c n equal 9 any way4 ,!re are "s ?+s made f sap t ,i h said no?+ ab\t z yet4 ,!re are _m bitt]1 & sweet1 & s\r ?+s made f sap4 ,sometimes sweet & bitt] ?+s are made at ! same "t f ! same sap4 ,y see ?is 9 ! orange4 ,f ! same sap t comes to ! orange ?r\gh ! /em are made ! sweet juice & ! %>p & bitt] peel4 ,sid5ote3 ,! sug>-cane4 ,almo/ all our sug> comes f ! sug>-cane4 ,?is is %ap$ l ! /alks ( corn4 ,! sug> is made f ! sap t comes up 9 ! pipes ( ! cane f ! gr\nd4 ,! cane1 !n1 is really a sug>-factory4 ,man does n make ! sug>1 b x is made = him 9 ! cane4 ,x is 9 ! juice ( ! cane4 ,?is juice is mo/ly sug> & wat]4 ,9 mak+ sug>1 z x is call$1 ! sug> is n made4 ,x is only sep>at$ f ! wat] & o!r ?+s ) :i* x is mix$ 9 ! cane4 ,sid5ote3 ,h[ ! sug> is obta9$ f x4 ,! sug> is made f ! cane 9 ?is way4 ,! cane is cut into pieces1 & ^! are put into a mill :]e !y are press$ betwe5 iron roll]s4 ,! juice squeez$ out 9 ! mill runs (f into a l>ge res]voir or tub 9 ! boil+-h\se4 ,x is n[ put into boil]s & boil$ d[n4 ,9 ?is boil+ ! wat] goes (f 9 /eam1 b ! sug> rema9s4 ,:5 x is boil$ d[n to a sirup x is put into v l>ge wood5 trays call$ cool]s4 ,"h ! sirup becomes sug>1 because ! re/ ( ! wat] goes (f 9 ! air4 ,! way 9 :i* sug> is made p]fectly :ite1 x is said1 0 discov]$ 9 a curi\s way4 ,a h5 t _h gone ?r\gh a clay mud-puddle w5t ) h] muddy feet into a sug>-h\se4 ,%e left h] tracks on a pile ( sug>4 ,x 0 obs]v$ by "s "o t :]ev] h] tracks 7 ! sug> 0 :it5$4 ,?is l$ to "s exp]im5ts4 ,! result 01 t wet clay came to be us$ 9 ref9+ sug>4 ,x is us$ 9 ?is way4 ,! sug> is put into e>!n j>s %ap$ z y see ! sug>-loaves are4 ,! l>ge ends are upw>d4 ,! small ends h a hole 9 !m4 ,"h is a picture ( "o ( ^! j>s4 ,! clay is put on ! top ( ! sug> 9 ! l>ge end ( ! j>1 & x is kept wet4 ,! moi/ure goes d[n ?r\gh ! sug>1 & drops f ! hole 9 ! small end ( ! j>4 ,?is makes ! sug> p]fectly :ite4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,h[ a discov]y 0 made ab\t :it5+ sug>4 ,?is discov]y %[s h[ mu* a little look+ & ?9k+ w toge!r d4 ,:at ! h5 did 0 a small ?+4 ,"o w\ld h>dly suppose t any ?+ c\ld be le>n$ f a h5's tracks4 ,mo/ p w\ld h scrap$ (f ! mud f ! pile ( sug>1 & ?\ght no?+ m ( x4 ,b ! man :o saw ! tracks 0 9 ! habit ( ?9k+ ab\t :at he saw4 ,& s he discov]$ 9 t h5's tracks a v useful fact4 ,if y always ?9k ab\t :at y see y may "s "t be a discov]] too4 ,at any rate1 t is ! way to le>n4 ,& x is to help y 9 le>n+ to ?9k ab\t :at y see t ,i h writt5 ?is book4 ,que/ions4--,:at ?+s are made f sap8 ,m5tion "s ?+s v diff]5t f ea* o!r t are made f ! same sap4 ,give ! comp>ison ab\t brick & clo?4 ,:at is said ab\t ! orange8 ,:at ab\t ! sug>-cane8 ,h[ is sug> made f ! sug>-cane8 ,( :at use is ! boil+8 ,tell h[ "o way ( purify+ sug> 0 discov]$4 ,:at does ?is discov]y %[8 ,,*apt] ,,xxx4 ,,m ,,ab\t ,,:at ,,is ,,made ,,f ,,sap4 ,sid5ote3 ,maple-sug>4 ,y h eat5 maple-sug>4 ,?is comes f a tree call$ ! sug>-maple4 ,! sug> is 9 ! sap1 j z x is 9 ! case ( ! sug>-cane4 ,! sap is obta9$ e>ly 9 ! spr+ by tapp+ ! trees1 & !n x is boil$ d[n1 z x is call$4 ,9 ?is boil+ ! wat] goes (f 9 /eam & ! sug> rema9s4 ,! sug>-maple1 !n1 is a sug>-factory z well z ! sug>-cane4 ,!re are _m roots 9 :i* !re is sug>4 ,sug> has (t5 be5 obta9$ f a k9d ( beet call$ ! sug>-beet4 ,!re is sug> 9 _m fruits1 mak+ !m sweet to ! ta/e4 ,sid5ote3 ,! sug>-cane4 ,n[ :]e does ! sug> 9 ! sug>-cane1 ! maple1 ! beet1 etc41 come f8 ,! sap 9 :i* ! sug> is comes up f ! roots4 ,y w say1 !n1 t ! little m\?s 9 ! roots suck up sug> f ! gr\nd4 ,b !re is no sug> 9 ! gr\nd4 ,no "o ev] f\nd any !re4 ,take up a h&ful ( e>?1 smell ( x1 & ta/e ( x4 ,!re is no sweetness 9 x4 ,sid5ote3 ,"s plants sug>-factories4 ,?\gh !re is no sug> 9 ! gr\nd1 :at ! sug> is made f is !re4 ,?is ! little m\?s 9 ! root dr9k up1 & x is made into sug> 9 ! plant4 ,y see1 !n1 h[ true x is t ! plant is a sug>-factory4 ,n[ d y ?9k t any man c\ld 9 any way make sug> f ! e>? "u 8 feet8 ,he c no m d x ?an he c make a fl[] or a leaf4 ,!re are a great _m o!r ?+s made by plants f :at !y suck up f ! e>?4 ,i w m5tion "s ( !m4 ,sid5ote3 ,plants make />*1 m$ic9es1 gums1 & p]fumes4 ,"s plants are />*-factories4 ,!y make ! />* f ! sap t comes up f ! root1 j z ! sug> is made4 ,!re is />* 9 e k9d ( gra91 9 potatoes1 & 9 _m o!r roots4 ,"s plants are m$ic9e-factories4 ,camphor is obta9$ f ! b>k & wood ( a tree4 ,opium is f\nd 9 ! diff]5t k9ds ( poppies4 ,!re are v>i\s bitt] m$ic9es t are f\nd 9 diff]5t plants4 ,ca/or-oil is obta9$ f ! se$s ( a l>ge plant4 ,^!1 & v>i\s o!r m$ic9es1 are made f sap4 ,"s plants are gum-factories4 ,y h sometimes se5 gum on ! b>k ( pea*-trees & *]ry-trees1 :5 ! b>k has be5 w\nd$ 9 "s way4 ,n[ !re are "s k9ds ( trees 9 :i* !re is a great deal ( gum4 ,! ,india rubb] is a gum t is obta9$ f "s k9ds ( trees 9 w>m climates4 ,:5 ! b>k ( ^! trees is w\nd$ ?is gum oozes out4 ,x is collect$ z x fl[s4 ,x is dri$ 9 smoke1 & ?is gives x its d>k appe>ance4 ,_m plants are p]fume-factories1 z ,i told y 9 ,*apt] ,v4 ,! p]fumes are made mo/ (t5 9 ! fl[]s1 b !y are sometimes made 9 ! leaves & o!r p>ts4 ,y "k h[ fragrant ! leaves ( ! g]anium are4 ,ev5 wood is sometimes fragrant4 ,! s&al-wood is v mu* s4 ,"s plants are color-mak]s4 ,!y n only make colors = _! own use--t is1 to color _! fl[]s--b !y make !m = u to use4 ,_m ( our dyes ) :i* we color clo?s come f plants4 ,!y are made 9 ! plants f ! sap t comes up f ! gr\nd4 ,x seems /range t ! blue indigo %\ld be made out ( :at a plant dr9ks up f ! br[n1 dull e>?4 ,b s x is4 ,sid5ote3 ,! great v>iety ( ?+s made f sap4 ,n[ j ?9k ov] ! v>i\s ?+s t are made f ! sap 9 plants4 ,!re are wood1 b>k1 leaves1 fl[]s1 fruits1 ?orns1 p]fumes1 color+s1 sug>1 />*1 gum1 v>i\s m$ic9es1 etc4 ,& !n !re are _m o!r ?+s t ,i h n m5tion$4 ,h[ /range x is t s _m & su* diff]5t ?+s c be made f :at ! plants suck up out ( ! e>?6 ,z y look at ! gr\nd "u y\r feet1 y c h>dly believe t s mu* c be got out ( x4 ,x is ! busy little m\?s 9 ! roots t get f x :at is ne$$ to make all ^! diff]5t ?+s4 ,que/ions4--,:at is said ( ! sug>-maple8 ,:at is said ( sug> 9 "s roots & fruits8 ,z !re is no sug> 9 ! gr\nd1 h[ does x get into plants8 ,c any body make sug> f e>?8 ,:at plants are />*-factories8 ,m5tion "s m$ic9es made 9 plants4 ,:at is said ab\t plants t are gum-mak]s8 ,:at is said ab\t p]fumes be+ made 9 plants8 ,:at ab\t colors8 ,:at is said ab\t indigo8 ,m5tion n[ all ! ?+s t y c ?9k ( t are made f ! sap 9 plants4 ,,*apt] ,,xxxi4 ,,circulation ,,( ,,! ,,sap4 ,i h told y t ! sap goes up 9 a plant or a tree 9 c]ta9 pipes4 ,n[ :5 x gets to ! leaves x turns ab\t & goes back aga9 d[n t[>d ! gr\nd by "s o!r pipes4 ,sid5ote3 ,! diff]5ce betwe5 ! sap t goes up & t :i* comes d[n4 ,s !re is a set ( pipes = ! sap to g up1 & a set ( pipes = x to g d[n4 ,9 a tree1 ! pipes = x to g up are 9 ! wood4 ,n[ :]e d y ?9k ! pipes are = x to g d[n8 ,!y are 9 ! live "p ( ! b>k4 ,! sap is all ! "t go+ up to ! leaves 9 ! "o set ( pipes1 & com+ d[n 9 ! o!r set4 ,& ?is is :at we call ! circulation ( ! sap4 ,! sap t goes up has a great deal ( wat] 9 x4 ,mu* ( ?is wat] is got rid ( :5 ! sap comes to ! leaves4 ,y rememb] t ,i told y1 9 ! *apt] on leaves1 t wat] is let (f into ! air f _! pores4 ,= ?is reason ! sap t comes d[n f ! leaves has mu* less wat] 9 x ?an ! sap t goes up4 ,! sap t goes up is n p]fect sap4 ,x has to make a visit to ! leaves & get an air+ !re be=e x c be ( mu* use4 ,aft] x is air$ x goes to all p>ts ( ! plant1 d[n to ! v roots4 ,x is ?is air$ sap f :i* g5]ally e "p ( ! plant gr[s1 or is made4 ,y rememb] t ,i told y 9 ! la/ *apt] t 9 trees ! inn] b>k makes a new lay] ( wood e ye>4 ,n[ ! b>k makes ! wood f "s ( ?is air$ sap z x goes d[n 9 ! pipes ( ! b>k4 ,sid5ote3 ,! air+ ( ! sap4 ,y rememb] t ,i told y 9 ! *apt] on leaves1 t !y h mu* to d ) ! gr[? ( a plant4 ,y c n[ see :y ?is is s4 ,! sap has to g up to ! leaves to be made good sap4 ,j :at ! air does to x !re y are n yet old en\gh to und]/&4 ,b aft] a little "t y w be able to und]/& ?is1 & !n y w see t leaves are v prop]ly call$ ! lungs ( plants1 & t !y brea! ) !m z we d ) our lungs1 ?\gh 9 a diff]5t mann]4 ,sid5ote3 ,! sug> made f ! sug>-maple4 ,i h said t ! sap t goes up is n ( mu* use1 & t e ?+ 9 ! plant is made f ! sap t goes d[n4 ,?is is n always s4 ,9 ! sug>-maple x is ! sap t goes up 9 ! e>ly spr+ t has ! sug> 9 x4 ,! sug>-ga!r]s tap ! trees be=e ! leaves are put =?4 ,! leaves1 !n1 h no?+ to d ) mak+ ! sug>4 ,h[ x is made we c n und]/&4 ,we suppose t x is done 9 ! root1 :]e ! m\?s are t dr9k up ! sap f ! e>?4 ,b ?\gh we d n "k h[ x is1 9 "s way e sug>-maple z soon z x beg9s to be w>m$ by ! air ( spr+ becomes at once a sug>-factory4 ,?\gh mo/ ( our sug> comes f ! sug>-cane ( s\!rn climates1 a great deal is made f ! sap ( ! sug>-maple 9 "s p>ts ( ! nor!rn & we/]n /ates 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,a v busy "t !y h 9 "s places 9 ! e>ly spr+ 9 collect+ ! sap & 9 boil+ x d[n4 ,! sirup is (t5 sold z maple-sug> molasses4 ,b m (t5 x is made into sug>2 & great quantities ( x are sold e ye>4 ,9 "s places :]e x is made _m ( ! p use no o!r sug>4 ,sid5ote3 ,! sap always 9 motion except 9 w9t]4 ,! sap is all ! "t 9 motion 9 ! trees & plants 9 all ! w>m] mon?s ( ! ye>4 ,x is always go+ up & com+ d[n4 ,x does s till ! leaves fall & ! cold ( w9t] comes4 ,!n all ?is motion /ops4 ,& ?r\gh ! w9t] ! sap is almo/ z /ill z if ! trees & %rubs 7 dead4 ,!n :5 ! spr+ comes1 ! m\?s 9 ! roots beg9 aga9 to suck up sap f ! gr\nd1 & x runs up & d[n 9 ! little pipes z x did ! ye> be=e4 ,z y look at all ! trees & plants ab\t y1 ?9k h[ mu* sap !re is runn+ up & d[n 9 _! pipes4 ,look at a v l>ge tree1 & ?9k ( ?is4 ,9 multitudes ( pipes 9 t huge trunk ! sap goes up to ! v end ( all ! bran*es to ! leaves1 & !n x comes d[n 9 o!r pipes4 ,h[ wond]ful ?is is1 & yet h[ few !re are t ev] ?9k ab\t x6 ,que/ions4--,:]e are ! pipes 9 :i* ! sap goes up 9 a tree8 ,:]e are ! pipes 9 :i* x comes d[n8 ,:at is said ab\t ! wat] 9 ! sap8 ,:at becomes ( a "p ( ?is wat]8 ,:y is x necess>y = ! sap to g up to ! leaves8 ,are ?+s made f ! sap t goes up1 or t :i* comes d[n8 ,h[ is x ) ! sug> 9 ! maple8 ,:]e is its sug> made8 ,is ! sap always 9 motion8 ,,*apt] ,,xxxii4 ,,! ,,sleep ,,& ,,! ,,dea? ,,( ,,plants4 ,:5 ! cold wea!r comes "s plants die1 & "s g to sleep = ! w9t]4 ,sid5ote3 ,mo/ plants die 9 ! fall4 ,"s plants always die 9 ! fall4 ,corn dies2 s does ! bean-v9e4 ,& s d _m o!r plants4 ,9 ord] to h su* plants ano!r ye>1 we keep "s ( _! se$s to put into ! gr\nd 9 ! spr+4 ,sid5ote3 ,h[ trees sleep 9 ! w9t]4 ,b "s plants sleep 9 ! w9t]4 ,look at a tree4 ,its bran*es are all b>e4 ,x seems z if x _h no life 9 x4 ,b !re is life !re1 & x w %[ itself next spr+4 ,its life is asleep1 j z ,i told y x is 9 ! se$ be=e x is put into ! gr\nd4 ,its sap is all quiet 9 ! pipes4 ,! m\?s 9 ! roots h /opp$ _! busy "w4 ,! buds all ov] ! tree are asleep 9 _! 8w9t]-cradles40 ,! w9d rocks !m back & =?1 b nev] wakes !m up4 ,h[ mu* life !re is asleep 9 t tree6 ,! buds are all !re :i* are to make all t y w see on x ! next summ]4 ,!y are cov]$ up snugly f ! cold 9 _! w9t] coats4 ,! little ?+s are v /ill1 b !y are alive4 ,!y only want a w>m sun to make !m %[ x4 ,z soon 9 ! spr+ z !y feel ! w>m? ?r\gh _! coats1 !y beg9 to swell1 z ,i h told y 9 ano!r *apt]1 & soon op5 _! coats & g to "w to make leaves1 & fl[]s1 & fruits4 ,a great "w !y d aft] _! long w9t] sleep4 ,look up into a tree 9 summ] & see h[ ^! leaf-buds h fill$ e bran* ) leaves4 ,y c h>dly believe t x is ! same tree t y saw s b>e 9 ! w9t]4 ,sid5ote3 ,life asleep 9 roots4 ,"s plants die d[n to ! gr\nd1 & _! roots live ?r\gh ! w9t]4 ,y "k t ?is is ! way ) tulips & daffodils4 ,!y come up 9 ! spr+ f ! roots t h be5 9 ! gr\nd all ! w9t]4 ,s1 too1 d ! beautiful crocuses1 t peep up s e>ly 9 spr+ t !y (t5 get cov]$ ) sn[4 ,! roots ( grass1 too1 live 9 ! e>? ?r\gh ! w9t]4 ,! life 9 ^! roots is asleep ?r\gh ! w9t]1 j z x is 9 ! trees & bu%es4 ,_! little m\?s d n dr9k up any sap4 ,h[ mu* life !re is asleep 9 ! w9t] cov]$ up 9 ! e>?6 ,sid5ote3 ,decay ( leaves & plants4 ,:at d y ?9k becomes ( all ! leaves t fall1 & ( all ! plants t die 9 ! autumn8 ,!y are n lo/4 ,!y decay & become a "p ( ! e>?4 ,a great deal ( ! gr\nd "u y\r feet 0 once 9 ! %ape ( /alks1 & leaves1 & fl[]s4 ,& n[ ! roots suck up f x sap to be made into ! same %apes aga94 ,s y see t ! dead plants & leaves ( "o ye> are us$ 9 mak+ ! plants & leaves ( ! ye>s t come aft]4 ,que/ions4--,:at is said ( plants t die 9 ! fall8 ,tell h[ x is ) a tree 9 ! w9t]4 ,:at does ! w>m wea!r d to its buds 9 ! spr+8 ,m5tion "s plants t die d[n to ! gr\nd 9 ! fall1 b ^: roots live ?r\gh ! w9t]4 ,:at is said ( ! life 9 ^! roots8 ,:at effect does ! spr+ h on !m8 ,:at becomes ( all ! leaves & plants t die 9 ! fall8 ,,*apt] ,,xxxiii4 ,,conclusion4 ,sid5ote3 ,k ( nature increases our enjoym5t ( x4 ,s ,i h told y 9 ?is book _m ?+s ab\t trees & plants4 ,& ,i suppose t y w look at !m ) m pleasure n[ ?an y did be=e y knew s mu* ab\t !m4 ,almo/ e body says :5 look+ at a h&some plant or tree1 h[ beautiful x is6 ,b y w say some?+ m ?an ?is4 ,y w say h[ beautiful & h[ wond]ful too6 ,y ?9k ( ! sap go+ up & d[n 9 ! pipes1 ( ! busy m\?s 9 ! roots dr9k+ x up f ! gr\nd1 ( ! _m diff]5t ?+s t are made f ! sap1 ( ! beautiful leaves act+ z ! lungs ( ! plant1 & ( ! leaf-buds f :i* ! leaves are made4 ,& because y "k some?+ ab\t all ^! ?+s1 plants & trees look m beautiful to y ?an !y ev] did be=e4 ,y h always admir$ ! weep+-will[ ) its long bran*es hang+ almo/ to ! gr\nd4 ,b y admire x mu* m n[1 because y ?9k h[ wond]ful x is t ! sap circulates back & =? 9 ! trail+ bran*es4 ,foll[ x z ,i h told y t x goes1 & see h[ wond]ful ! circulation ( ! sap is 9 ?is tree4 ,x goes f ! roots up ?r\gh ! trunk1 & d[n ! trail+ bran*es to ! v tips ( ! leaves2 & !n x m\nts up aga9 ?r\gh o!r pipes 9 ! bran*es to ! trunk1 t x may g d[n aga9 to ! roots4 ,z y ?9k ( all ?is1 d n ! beautiful bran*es1 z !y sw+ back & =? 9 ! w9d1 look m beautiful ?an ev]8 ,sid5ote3 ,fl[]s & leaves4 ,y h always lov$ to look at fl[]s ) _! v>i\s colors4 ,b n[ y love !m m ?an ev]1 because y "k some?+ ab\t h[ !y gr[1 & :at _! colors & p]fumes are made f1 & _m o!r int]e/+ facts ab\t !m4 ,ev5 fruits w1 ,i ?9k1 ta/e bett] to y1 = :at y h le>n$ ab\t !m 9 ?is book4 ,leaves are su* common ?+s t mo/ p d n "k h[ beautiful !y are4 ,f :at ,i h told y ab\t !m1 ,i ?9k y w always be ready to exam9e !m1 & see :at a v>iety ( beauty !re is 9 ! leaves ( diff]5t trees & plants4 ,& :5 y ?9k :at is done 9 ! leaves1 & h[ ! sap comes cont9ually to !m to be air$1 y admire !m m ?an !y d :o ?9k ( !m m]ely z pretty gre5 ?+s4 ,?9k ( a leaf z made1 = gr[+ is mak+4 ,no "o c make leaves b ,god4 ,b suppose t a man c\ld make leaves & put !m on a tree4 ,x w\ld take him 8 :ole life to cov] a tree ( any size ) leaves4 ,b ,god1 z ,i h told y1 makes ! leaves out ( sap on all ! plants & trees4 ,he s5ds to !m ! w>m breezes ( spr+1 & sets ! sap runn+ 9 ! pipes1 & !n ! buds come out1 & f !m are =m$ ! leaves4 ,:at a busy work%op1 z y may say1 is e plant & tree 9 ! spr+ :5 all ! leaves are mak+6 ,i h told y ab\t ! wond]ful *ange t we see 9 plants & trees ye> by ye>4 ,:at multitudes ( leaves & fl[]s fall to ! gr\nd e ye> & decay6 ,:at a wa/e1 z x seems1 ( beautiful ?+s6 ,b are !y really wa/$8 ,oh no6 ,god1 z ,i h told y1 c make aga9 f ^! decay$ leaves & fl[]s o!r leaves & fl[]s j z beautiful z ^! once 74 ,sid5ote3 ,*anges 9 w9t] & spr+4 ,h[ wond]ful ?is is6 ,look out 9 summ]1 & see on trees1 & %rubs1 & plants1 fl[]s ( e color m+l$ ) ! gre5 leaves4 ,:at a _w ( v>i$ beauty y behold6 ,y c n believe t all ?is w be soon gone4 ,b wait a little & !re are no leaves nor fl[]s4 ,all is b>e & dre>y4 ,! leaves & fl[]s h fall5 9 all _! beauty1 & ! sn[ cov]s !m z ) a w9d+-%eet4 ,sid5ote3 8,se$-"t & h>ve/ %all n cease40 ,is x possible t all ?is beauty t we h se5 ?us buri$ c be reviv$ aga98 ,w ! gre5 grass aga9 appe>8 ,w ^! b>e trees & %rubs aga9 be cov]$ ) leaves & blossoms1 & w ! fl[]s aga9 spr+ up8 ,oh yes6 ,we h se5 ,god d all ?is ye> aft] ye>1 ) ! sun%9e1 & ! ra91 & ! dew ( spr+2 & he w d x aga91 = he has said t 8se$-"t & h>ve/ %all n cease40 ,que/ions4--,) :at ?\ghts & feel+s w :at y h le>n$ 9 ?is book make y look at plants & trees8 ,:at is said ab\t ! weep+-will[8 ,:at ab\t fl[]s & fruits8 ,:at ab\t leaves8 ,:at is said ab\t leaves be+ made8 ,:at is said ( ! *ange t y see e ye> 9 plants & trees8 ,tell ab\t ! *ange f summ] to w9t]1 & !n f w9t] to summ]4 ,,! ,,end4 ,,! ,,*ild',s ,,book ,,( ,,nature4 ,,= ,,! ,,use ,,( ,,families ,,& ,,s*ools4 ,,int5d$ ,,to ,,aid ,,mo!rs ,,& ,,tea*]s ,,9 ,,tra9+ ,,*ildr5 ,,9 ,,! ,,obs]vation ,,( ,,nature4 ,,9 ,,?ree ,,p>ts4 ,,"p ,,ii4--,,animals4 ,,by ,,wor?+ton ,,hook]1 ,m4,d41 ,,au?or ,,( 8,,fir/ ,,book ,,9 ,,*emi/ry10 8,,*emi/ry10 8,,natural ,,philosophy10 8,,natural ,,hi/ory10 ,,etc4 ,) ,illu/rations4 ,,new ,,york3 ,,h>p] ,,bro!rs1 ,,publi%]s1 ,,frankl9 ,,squ>e4 #ahhb4 ,by ,dr4 ,,wor?+ton ,,hook]4 ,,! ,,*ild',s ,,book ,,( ,,nature4 ,= ! ,use ( ,families & ,s*ools2 int5d$ to aid ,mo!rs & ,tea*]s 9 tra9+ ,*ildr5 9 ! ,obs]vation ( ,nature4 ,9 ?ree ,p>ts4 ,illu/rations4 ,! ,?ree ,p>ts complete 9 "o vol41 ,small #dto1 ,clo?1 #a #jj2 ,sep>ately1 ,clo?1 ,"p ,i41 #dj c5ts2 ,p>ts ,,ii4 & ,,iii41 #dd c5ts ea*4 ,,"p ,i4 ,,plants4--,,"p ,,ii4 ,,animals--,,"p ,,iii4 ,,air1 ,,wat]1 ,,heat1 ,,light1 c4 ,,fir/ ,,book ,,9 ,,*emi/ry4 ,= ! ,use ( ,s*ools & ,families4 ,revis$ ,edition4 ,illu/rations4 ,squ>e #dto1 ,clo?1 #dd c5ts4 ,,natural ,,hi/ory4 ,= ! ,use ( ,s*ools & ,families4 ,illu/rat$ by ne>ly #cjj ,engrav+s4 #abmo1 ,clo?1 #ij c5ts4 ,,sci5ce ,,= ,,! ,,s*ool ,,& ,,family4 ,,"p ,i4 ,,natural ,,philosophy4 ,illu/rat$ by ne>ly #cjj ,engrav+s4 #abmo1 ,clo?1 #ij c5ts4 ,,"p ,,ii4 ,,*emi/ry4 ,revis$ ,edition4 ,illu/rations4 #abmo1 ,clo?1 #ij c5ts4 ,,"p ,,iii4 ,,m9]alogy ,,& ,,geology4 ,illu/rations4 #abmo1 ,clo?1 #ij c5ts4 ,publi%$ by ,,h>p] ,,bro!rs1 ,frankl9 ,squ>e1 ,n4 ,y4 ,ei!r ( ! above volumes w be s5t by mail1 po/age prepaid1 to any "p ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates or ,canada1 on receipt ( ! price4 ,ent]$1 accord+ to ,act ( ,congress1 9 ! ye> "o ?\s& eight hundr$ & fifty-sev51 by ,,h>p] ,,bro!rs1 9 ! ,cl]k's ,(fice ( ! ,di/rict ,c\rt ( ! ,s\!rn ,di/rict ,c\rt ( ,new ,york4 ,,preface4 ,hav+ pres5t$ 9 ,"p ,fir/ su* facts or ph5om5a ( ,vegetable ,physiology z w\ld be int]e/+ to a *ild1 ,i proce$ 9 ?is ,"p to d ! same ) ,animal ,physiology4 ,! tea*] & p>5t w obs]ve1 t 9 do+ ?is ,i br+ out q prom95tly ! analogies t exi/ betwe5 ! animal & ! vegetable _w 9 ! op]ations ( life4 ,su* analogies are always int]e/+ to ! *ild z well z to ! adult1 & ! consid]ation ( !m adds mu* to ! enjoym5t ( ! obs]v] ( nature1 = x op5s to him ! simple plans & pr9ciples ^u :i* ! ,creator works out ! almo/ endlessly v>i$ results t life1 bo? animal & vegetable1 pres5ts to our view4 ,:at is true ( ! analogies t exi/ betwe5 ! two k+doms ( life is also true ( ^? t we f9d 9 ea* k+dom by itself4 ,i h !re=e1 9 ?is ,"p1 trac$ ! resemblances :i* ! contrivances 9 ! human sy/em be> to ^? :i* we see 9 animals ( diff]5t k9ds1 & also ! diff]5ces1 giv+ to "s ext5t ! reasons = !m--t is1 ,i h made x 9 "s measure a book ( comp>ative physiology4 ,! effect ( ?is mode ( treat+ ! subject w be to int]e/ ! *ild's m9d 9 ! obs]vation ( ! v>i\s animals1 great & small1 t he sees f day to day4 ,natural ,hi/ory1 :i* is o!rwise r a dull /udy1 w ?us become v attractive to him4 ,&1 to fur!r ?is object1 :i* ,i deem to be ( great importance1 ,i h notic$ ! habits ( "s animals 9 su* a mann] z to connect di/9ctly ,physiology ) ,natural ,hi/ory1 a relation :i*1 ?\gh an obvi\s "o1 has v g5]ally be5 disreg>d$4 ,:ile ,i h aim$ 9 ?is ,"p at ! same k9d ( simplicity z 9 ! ,fir/1 !re are "s po9ts 9 x :i* require a great] compass ( m9d to und]/&4 ,?is is z x %\ld be2 = 9 go+ ?r\gh ! ,fir/ ,"p !re w1 ( c\rse1 be acquir$ by ! le>n] "s am\nt ( skill 9 obs]vation & reason+4 ,i h tak5 special c>e1 h[ev]1 n to presume too mu* ^u ! m5tal advance ?us made4 ,,wor?+ton ,,hook]4 ,,cont5ts4 ,,*apt] ,,page ,i4 ,,:at ,,is ,,made ,,f ,,! ,,blood #g ,,ii4 ,,m ,,ab\t ,,:at ,,is ,,made ,,f ,,! ,,blood #aj ,,iii4 ,,h[ ,,! ,,blood ,,is ,,made #ac ,,iv4 ,,"m ,,e>? #ae ,v4 ,,! ,,/oma* ,,& ,,! ,,tee? #ai ,,vi4 ,,m ,,ab\t ,,! ,,tee? #bb ,,vii4 ,,! ,,circulation ,,( ,,! ,,blood #bf ,,viii4 ,,brea?+ #cj ,,ix4 ,,bra9 ,,& ,,n]ves #cd ,x4 ,,h[ ,,! ,,m9d ,,gets ,,k #dj ,,xi4 ,,see+ #dg ,,xii4 ,,h[ ,,! ,,eye ,,is ,,gu>d$ #eb ,,xiii4 ,,he>+ #eg ,,xiv4 ,,! ,,smell1 ,,! ,,ta/e1 ,,& ,,! ,,t\* #fc ,,xv4 ,,! ,,bones #fh ,,xvi4 ,,m ,,ab\t ,,! ,,bones #gb ,,xvii4 ,,! ,,muscles #gg ,,xviii4 ,,m ,,ab\t ,,! ,,muscles #hb ,,xix4 ,,! ,,bra9 ,,& ,,n]ves ,,9 ,,animals #hg ,,xx4 ,,! ,,v>iety ,,( ,,ma*9]y ,,9 ,,animals #ia ,,xxi4 ,,! ,,h& #if ,,xxii4 ,,:at ,,animals ,,use ,,= ,,h&s #ajb ,,xxiii4 ,,! ,,tools ,,( ,,animals #aji ,,xxiv4 ,,m ,,ab\t ,,! ,,tools ,,( ,,animals #aae ,,xxv4 ,,in/rum5ts ,,( ,,def5se ,,& ,,attack #abb ,,xxvi4 ,,w+s #aca ,,xxvii4 ,,cov]+s ,,( ,,animals #ach ,,xxviii4 ,,beauty ,,( ,,! ,,cov]+s ,,( ,,animals #adb ,,xxix4 ,,h[ ,,man ,,is ,,sup]ior ,,to ,,animals #adh ,,xxx4 ,,! ,,?9k+ ,,( ,,animals #aec ,,xxxi4 ,,m ,,ab\t ,,! ,,?9k+ ,,( ,,animals #aeg ,,xxxii4 ,,:at ,,sleep ,,is ,,= #afb ,,! ,,*ild',s ,,book ,,( ,,nature4 ,,"p ,,ii4--,,animals4 ,,*apt] ,i4 ,,:at ,,is ,,made ,,f ,,! ,,blood4 ,sid5ote3 ,! blood ! build+ mat]ial ( ! body4 ,i h told y1 9 ,"p ,fir/1 h[ e ?+ 9 a plant or tree is made f ! sap4 ,?is is1 !n1 ! build+ mat]ial1 z we may say1 ( ! plant4 ,n[ e ?+ 9 y\r body is made f ! blood4 ,! blood1 !n1 is to y\r body :at sap is to a plant4 ,x is ! common build+ mat]ial ( ! body4 ,y rememb] :at ,i told y 9 ,"p ,fir/ ab\t ! full-bl[n rose4 ,?is is made f ! sap t comes to ! bud ?r\gh ! pipes 9 ! /em4 ,j s ! little f+] ( ! *ild becomes ! l>ge f+] ( ! man1 f ! blood t comes to x ?r\gh ! pipes 9 ! arm4 ,& z ! /em ( ! plant gr[s l>g] all ! "t1 s does ! arm ( a *ild4 ,! sap makes ! /em gr[1 & ! blood makes ! arm gr[4 ,if y cut (f a bran* ( a plant x /ops gr[+1 because ! sap does n come to x any long]4 ,x soon dies & decays4 ,s1 if ! arm ( a *ild be cut (f1 x c n gr[1 because no m blood c come to x4 ,l ! cut-(f bran*1 x dies & decays4 ,sid5ote3 ,! twig & ! infant4 ,y see a twig come up out ( ! gr\nd4 ,x gr[s l>g] & l>g] e ye>4 ,soon x is a small tree4 ,aft] _m ye>s x becomes v l>ge1 & spreads out its long bran*es ov] a great space4 ,z y look up into x1 y ?9k ( all t y see1 its bran*es & leaves1 z hav+ be5 made f ! sap t is cont9ually runn+ 9 its pipes4 ,n[1 z ! little twig becomes a tree1 s ! infant 9 ! cradle becomes ! l>ge man4 ,& :5 y look up at a man1 y c ?9k ( all 8 body z hav+ be5 made f ! blood t runs e :]e 9 its pipes1 j z y ?9k ( a tree z made f ! sap4 ,x is wond]ful1 z y h se5 9 ,"p ,fir/1 h[ _m & h[ diff]5t ?+s are sometimes made f ! same sap4 ,look at an apple-tree4 ,!re are ! h>d wood1 ! r\gh b>k1 ! t5d] leaves1 ! beautiful blossoms1 & ! pleasant fruit1 all made f ! same sap4 ,b ! v>iety ( ?+s made f y\r blood is mu* m wond]ful4 ,sid5ote3 ,v>iety ( ! ?+s made f ! blood4 ,look at "s ( ! ?+s t are made f ! blood4 ,see ! sk91 ! hair1 ! nails4 ,look at ! s(t r$ gums & ! h>d :ite tee? 9 ! m\?4 ,!n look at ! eye4 ,see ! eyelids1 ! eyela%es1 ! firm1 pe>ly-:ite coat ( ! eyeball1 & ! cle> w9d[ 9 ! front "p ( ! eye4 ,see1 too1 inside ( ?is w9d[1 t r\nd1 color$ curta91 ) an op5+ 9 ! middle t we call ! pupil4 ,sid5ote3 ,bones1 muscles1 lungs1 bra91 n]ves1 bile1 te>s1 etc41 made f ! blood4 ,all ^! diff]5t ?+s t y see are made f ! same blood4 ,!n !re are _m o!r ?+s inside ( ! body t y c n see4 ,^! are ! h>d bones1 ! r$ muscles1 ! :ite1 %9+ cords by :i* ! muscles pull ! bones1 ! light1 spongy lungs1 ! ?ick & firm liv]1 ! s(t bra91 ! :ite n]ves1 etc41 etc4 ,h[ /range x is t all ^! p>ts ( ! body1 s diff]5t f ea* o!r1 are made f ! same build+ mat]ial1 ! blood4 ,b ?is is n all4 ,! wax 9 y\r e>s is made f ! blood4 ,s is ! bile1 t bitt] /uff t is manufactur$ 9 ! liv]4 ,! te>s1 too1 are made f ! blood4 ,!re are _m o!r liquids 9 ! body t are made f ?is common mat]ial4 ,:5 y look into a p]son's eye y look into a wat]y fluid1 & ! back "p ( ! ball ( ! eye is fill$ ) a sort ( jelly2 bo? ( ^! are made f ! blood4 ,b ev5 ?is is n all4 ,! art]ies & ve9s 9 :i* ! blood runs are made f ! blood4 ,ev5 ! he>t t pumps ! blood is made f ! blood t x pumps4 ,?is is z /range z x w\ld be to h ! walls ( a canal made f ! wat] t runs 9 x1 or to h a pump made f ! wat] t x pumps out4 ,que/ions4--,:at is e ?+ 9 a plant made f8 ,:at is e ?+ 9 y\r body made f8 ,tell :at is said ab\t ! bud & ! f+]1 & ab\t ! /em & ! arm4 ,:at is said ab\t cutt+ (f a bran* & an arm8 ,h[ is a *ild comp>$ to a twig8 ,m5tion ! diff]5t ?+s 9 an apple-tree t are made f ! sap4 ,are !re m ?+s made f y\r blood8 ,m5tion "s ( !m t y c see4 ,m5tion "s t are inside ( ! body t y c n see4 ,:at is said ab\t ! e>-wax1 ! bile1 ! te>s1 etc48 ,:at ab\t ! art]ies & ve9s1 & ! he>t8 ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,,m ,,ab\t ,,:at ,,is ,,made ,,f ,,! ,,blood4 ,sid5ote3 ,h[ wond]ful x is t s _m ?+s are made f ! blood4 ,h[ diff]5t f ea* o!r are "s ( ! ?+s t are made f ! blood6 ,y c\ld h>dly believe t ! :ite1 h>d tee? are made f ! same blood t ! r$1 s(t gums are4 ,suppose t :ile y are 9 a ,*9a-w>e factory a man %\ld tell y t ev5 ! :ite/ ,*9a is made f a r$ liquid1 & t !y also make 9 ?is factory f9e r$ clo? f ?is liquid4 ,y w\ld n believe him4 ,b :ite ,*9a-w>e & ! f9e r$ clo? are n any m unlike ?an ! tee? & ! gums4 ,suppose1 n[1 t he %\ld %[ y a yell[1 bitt] fluid1 & !n a cle>1 s(t eye-wat]1 & tell y t ^! he makes f ! same r$ liquid f :i* ! ,*9a & ! r$ clo? are made4 ,?is c]ta9ly y w\ld n believe4 ,& yet1 9 our bodies1 ! bile & ! te>s are made f ! same blood ) ! tee? & ! gums4 ,b n only are a few ?+s v mu* unlike made f ! blood1 b _m ?+s t diff] f ea* o!r1 "s ( !m mu* & "s b little4 ,suppose t ! ,*9a-w>e mak] %\ld tell y t besides mak+ :ite ,*9a & r$ clo? f 8 r$ liquid1 he made also a v>iety ( bo? h>d & s(t ?+s1 su* z velvet1 & v>i\s k9ds ( clo?1 nails1 glass1 etc4 ,impossible6 y w\ld say4 ,b ?is is no m wond]ful ?an t hair1 tee?1 gums1 nails1 bones1 & all ! diff]5t p>ts ( ! body %\ld be made f t r$ fluid--! blood4 ,sid5ote3 ,! ,*9a-w>e factory4 ,b suppose1 aga91 t ! ,*9a-w>e man %\ld tell y t 8 factory 0 made f ! same r$ fluid f :i* he manufactures s _m ?+s 9 x--t ! v pipes t c>ry ! fluid ar\nd ! build+ 7 made f x1 & s also 0 ! pump t s5ds x ?r\gh ^! pipes4 ,?is w\ld seem to y /range/ ( all4 ,& yet all ! v>i\s ma*9]y ( ! body is made f ! blood4 ,! liv]1 t manufactures bile f blood1 is itself made f blood2 & s ( o!r ?+s2 ev5 ! pipes 9 :i* ! blood runs all ov] y\r body1 & ! he>t t pumps x into !m1 are made1 z ,i h be=e told y1 f ! blood4 ,sid5ote3 ,! body ! h\se ( ! s\l4 ,! body is ! h\se or habitation ( ! s\l4 ,x is a well-built & a well-f9i%$ h\se4 ,! bones are its timb]s4 ,! sk9 is its cov]+4 ,! hair is its ?at*$ ro(4 ,! eyes are its w9d[s4 ,x is a h\se t c be easily mov$ ab\t1 j z ! s\l wi%es4 ,!re is = ?is a great deal ( ma*9]y 9 x4 ,& ! s\l has little cords1 call$ n]ves1 runn+ to all p>ts ( ?is ma*9]y1 l telegraphic wires4 ,!re are also o!r k9ds ( ma*9]y1 z ! brea?+ ma*9]y1 ! ma*9]y = tak+ c>e ( ! food1 & ! ma*9]y = circulat+ ! blood4 ,! s\l resides 9 ! top ( ?is h\se1 ! bra94 ,"h x s5ds out messages e :]e by ! little cords1 & receives messages by !m4 ,"h x ?9ks & acts1 & "s ( ! "t sleeps4 ,?is "p ( ! h\se is v curi\sly & beautifully fitt$ up4 ,sid5ote3 ,all ! p>ts & ! furniture ( ! s\l's h\se made f blood4 ,n[ all ! v>i\s p>ts ( ?is h\se are made1 z ,i h told y1 f ! blood1 & yet !re is m v>iety 9 !m ?an !re is 9 ! p>ts & furniture ( ! h\ses t man builds4 ,suppose t a man %\ld %[ y a great quantity ( a r$ liquid1 & tell y t ) t he int5d$ to build a h\se & furni% x--t he %\ld make f x all 8 /ones1 & bricks1 & timb]s1 & glass1 & nails1 & pla/]1 & pap]s = 8 walls1 & pa9ts ( diff]5t colors1 & !n 8 c>pets1 & mirrors1 & *airs1 & curta9s1 etc41 etc4 ,y w\ld say t ! man is crazy4 ,b ,god makes f t r$ fluid1 ! blood1 all ! p>ts ( ! h\se ( ! s\l4 ,exactly 9 :at way all ! diff]5t p>ts ( ! body are made f ! blood we d n "k4 ,wise m5 h /udi$ ?is a great deal1 & !y h f\nd out "s ?+s ab\t x4 ,:at !y h f\nd out y are n yet old en\gh to und]/&4 ,aft] all1 ! wise/ m5 "k b little ab\t x1 &1 ) all _! wisdom1 !y d n "k en\gh to make sk91 or hair1 or any ?+ else t y see 9 y\r body f ! blood any m ?an1 z ,i told y 9 ,"p ,fir/1 !y c make ev5 a simple leaf f ! sap4 ,que/ions4--,:at is said ab\t ! tee? & ! gums8 ,give ! comp>ison ab\t ,*9a & clo?4 ,:at is said ab\t ! te>s & ! bile8 ,:at is said ab\t ! v>iety ( ?+s made f ! blood8 ,give ! comp>ison ab\t ! ,*9a-w>e factory & ! ma*9]y ( ! body4 ,:at is said ab\t ! diff]5t p>ts ( ! habitation ( ! s\l8 ,9 :at "p ( ?is h\se does ! s\l reside8 ,give ! comp>ison ab\t a h\se & its furniture4 ,:at is said ab\t wise m58 ,,*apt] ,,iii4 ,,h[ ,,! ,,blood ,,is ,,made4 ,i h told y :at is made f ! blood1 & n[ y w want to "k h[ ! blood itself is made4 ,sid5ote3 ,blood made f food4 ,! blood 9 y\r body is made f ! food t y eat4 ,x is made v mu* 9 ! same way t ! sap 9 ! plant is made4 ,?is s\nds /range to y1 b x is true4 ,y rememb] t ,i told y 9 ,"p ,fir/ t ! plant's food is 9 ! gr\nd1 & t ! root is its /oma*4 ,y rememb] :at ,i told y ab\t ! little m\?s 9 ! root t suck up ! plant's food out ( ! gr\nd4 ,!re are little m\?s 9 y\r /oma* t suck 9 ! n\ri%+ "p ( ! food t y eat1 z ! m\?s 9 ! root suck up ! n\ri%+ "p ( ! e>?4 ,& ! /oma*s ( all animals h ^! little m\?s4 ,sid5ote3 ,! m\?s 9 ! /oma*4 ,! m\?s 9 ! root ( a plant d n1 y "k1 suck up all ! soil4 ,!y dr9k 9 only :at is good to make ! plant gr[4 ,s ! m\?s 9 ! /oma* ( an animal d n suck up all ! food2 !y suck up only t "p ( ! food t w make ! animal gr[--t is1 :at w make good blood4 ,!re is1 y "k1 no sap 9 ! gr\nd1 b !re is :at c be made into sap4 ,s !re is no blood 9 y\r food1 b !re is 9 x :at c be made into blood4 ,x is ! bus9ess ( ! m\?s 9 ! root to take 9 :at w make sap1 & s x is ! bus9ess ( ! m\?s 9 ! /oma* to take 9 :at w make blood4 ,& !y g5]ally d ?is bus9ess v fai?fully4 ,x is v seldom t !y take 9 :at !y ought n to4 ,sid5ote3 ,v>iety ( our food4 ,y h se5 h[ _m diff]5t ?+s are made f ! blood4 ,?is is v wond]ful4 ,b x is q z wond]ful t ! blood c be made f s _m diff]5t k9ds ( food z y sometimes take into y\r /oma*4 ,j ?9k ( all ! v>i\s ?+s t y sometimes eat at d9n]--meat1 potato1 turnip1 squa%1 apple-sauce1 cranb]ry1 cel]y1 pie1 filb]ts1 rais9s1 etc4 ,x seems /range t r$ blood c be made f su* a mixture z ?is4 ,b s x is4 ,!re is some?+ 9 all ^! diff]5t ?+s t helps to make ! blood4 ,sid5ote3 ,/oma*s ( animals suit$ to _! food4 ,! blood is made f diff]5t ?+s 9 diff]5t animals4 ,! c[1 y "k1 nev] eats meat4 ,x w\ld be ( no use 9 its /oma*4 ,! m\?s !re w\ld n suck up any ?+ f x4 ,?is is n _! bus9ess4 ,_! bus9ess is to suck up some?+ f grass1 & meal1 & potatoes1 etc41 b n f meat4 ,s grass w\ld be ( no use to a dog4 ,! ,creator has made ! /oma* ( ! c[ 9 su* a way t x c get f grass :at is ne$$ to make blood2 & he has giv5 su* a /oma* to a dog t blood c be made f ! meat t he eats4 ,our /oma*s are made 9 su* a way t our blood c be made f a great _m diff]5t ?+s2 & s ! v>iety ( our food is mu* great] ?an t ( su* animals z ! c[ & ! dog4 ,que/ions4--,f :at is ! blood made8 ,h[ is an animal's /oma* l ! root ( a plant8 ,:at "p ( ! food d ! m\?s 9 /oma*s & 9 roots suck up8 ,:at is said ab\t ! diff]5t k9ds ( food t blood is made f8 ,tell ab\t ! food ( ! c[ & ! dog4 ,:at is said ab\t our /oma*s8 ,,*apt] ,,iv4 ,,"m ,,e>?4 ,sid5ote3 ,our food 9 ! gr\nd4 ,! food ( plants is 9 ! gr\nd1 & ! roots take x up2 b s1 too1 is ! food ( animals 9 ! gr\nd4 ,& yet1 if we %\ld fill our /oma*s ev] s full ( e>?1 we %\ld n be n\ri%$4 ,h[ is ?is8 ,x is because ! food is n 9 ! "r condition = u :ile x is 9 ! e>?4 ,x mu/ be *ang$ be=e our /oma*s c d any ?+ ) x4 ,sid5ote3 ,! plants ga!r x & fit x = our use4 ,n[ ?is is j :at ! plants d = u4 ,!y get ?is food out ( ! e>? = u1 & put x into su* a condition t our /oma*s c use x4 ,i w make ?is pla9 to y4 ,we eat bread made f :eat4 ,x n\ri%es u--t is1 blood is made f x4 ,b :at is ! :eat8 ,x is gra9 t is made f ! sap t comes up 9 ! pipes ( ! /alk1 & ?is sap is made f :at ! root sucks up out ( ! gr\nd4 ,y see1 !n1 t :at ! :eat is made f is 9 ! gr\nd2 & all t ! plant does is to take ?is up out ( ! gr\nd & make x into :eat1 s t our /oma*s c use x = food4 ,! plant's /oma*1 !n1 we may say1 ga!rs food out ( ! gr\nd = our /oma*s4 ,"o ( ! ?+s t we eat is sug>4 ,:]e does x come f8 ,x is made f ! e>?4 ,b if y %\ld put e>? into y\r /oma*1 no sug> c\ld be made f x 9 y\r body4 ,!re are "s plants t h to d ?is = u4 ,!y make sug> f ! e>? = u to eat4 ,?is "p ( our food !n1 may be said to be really 9 ! gr\nd1 = :at x is made f is !re4 ,! same ?+ is true :5 y eat meat4 ,?is meat 0 once a "p ( ! gr\nd4 ,see h[ ?is is4 ,suppose x is a piece ( beef f an ox3 ! grass t ! ox ate 0 made f sap suck$ up f ! gr\nd2 !n f ?is grass blood 0 made 9 ! ox2 f ?is blood ! meat 0 made2 & n[ f ! meat blood is made to n\ri% y4 ,sid5ote3 ,*anges 9 ! food :ile x is becom+ fitt$ = u4 ,see1 n[1 h[ _m *anges ! food 9 ! gr\nd goes ?r\gh 9 ?is case be=e x becomes a "p ( y\r body4 ,fir/ x becomes sap2 !n x becomes a "p ( ! grass2 !n 9 ! /oma* ( ! ox x is suck$ up1 & is *ang$ into blood2 !n x becomes a "p ( ! ox2 !n x is suck$ up 9 y\r /oma*1 & is *ang$ into blood2 & n[ x is ready to be us$ 9 y\r body to make n]ve1 or bone1 or eye1 or too?1 or any "p ( ! h\se ( y\r s\l4 ,y sometimes dr9k ! milk ( ! c[4 ,?is also comes f ! gr\nd4 ,see h[ ?is is4 ,! c[ goes to pa/ure1 & eats ! grass t is made f ! gr\nd4 ,! c['s blood is made f ?is1 !n milk is made 9 h] bag f ! blood1 & 9 y ?is milk is *ang$ back to blood4 ,s y see t all our food really comes f ! e>?4 ,!re is 9 ! e>? "u our feet j :at makes & n\ri%es our bodies4 ,we c n get at x ourselves1 mix$ up z x is ) ! e>?1 b ! plants suck x up & prep>e x = u2 & 9 ?is y see ! reason = ! expression 8,"m ,e>?40 ,! e>? is our "m4 ,we get all our food f ! e>? z really z ! infant gets its food f its "m's brea/4 ,y c also see1 f :at ,i h told y 9 ?is *apt]1 ! mean+ ( ! text1 8,du/ ?\ art1 & unto du/ %alt ?\ return40 ,we are du/1 t is1 e>?2 = we are made f x1 & are n\ri%$ by :at comes f x1 & :5 we die our bodies w become a "p ( ! e>? aga94 ,sid5ote3 ,reasons :y animals h a /oma*4 ,y see t !re are two reasons :y animals h a /oma* to put _! food 94 ,"o is t !y want to move ab\t4 ,!y c\ld n h a root = a /oma* z plants d4 ,!y mu/ h a /oma* t !y c c>ry ab\t ) !m4 ,we c suppose an animal made l a plant4 ,x might h feet ) roots spr\t$ out f !m1 & ^! roots might h little m\?s :i* w\ld suck up food z soon z !y 7 put into ! gr\nd4 ,b h[ v awkw>d & inconv5i5t ?is w\ld be6 ,! animal w\ld be oblig$ e n[ & !n to bury up its feet ) _! roots 9 loose moi/ e>?1 & /ay /ill 9 "o spot till en\gh 0 suck$ up f ! e>? = its n\ri%m5t4 ,&1 besides1 ! roots w\ld be dangl+ ar\nd1 & cat*+ 9 e ?+ z ! animal mov$ ab\t4 ,y\r little feet c\ld n c>ry y ab\t z nimbly z !y n[ d if y _h su* roots fa/5$ to !m4 ,ano!r reason is1 t ! food 9 ! gr\nd is n fitt$ to n\ri% an animal4 ,x mu/ be ga!r$ up 9 plants1 & be *ang$ 9 !m1 z ,i h %[n y 9 ?is *apt]1 be=e x c be ( any use to animals4 ,sid5ote3 ,:y ! /oma* ( a plant is s mu* l>g] ?an ! /oma* ( an animal4 ,! /oma* ( a plant is mu* l>g] ?an t ( an animal4 ,! /oma* ( an animal1 y "k1 is b a small "p ( its body2 :ile ! root ( ! plant--t is1 its /oma*--is ne>ly z l>ge z ! plant itself4 ,:at d y ?9k is ! reason ( ?is8 ,! little m\?s 9 ! root ( ! plant suck up only a small "p ( ! e>?1 ! plant's food1 & s x takes a great deal ( e>? to give ! plant all ! sap t x ne$s4 ,x is = ?is reason t ! root spreads out s f> on e side4 ,n[ 9 ! animal ! m\?s 9 ! /oma* suck up a great "p ( ! food4 ,x does n require1 !re=e1 a l>ge /oma*1 = x ne$s to put b a small am\nt ( food into x4 ,y see1 !n1 t ! food ( ! plant is bulky1 z we say1 & !re=e x mu/ h a l>ge /oma*1 :ile ! animal c manage its food ) a small "o4 ,que/ions4--,:]e is ! food ( animals8 ,:at mu/ be done to x be=e !y c use x8 ,:at d ! plants d = u8 ,tell ab\t ! :eat4 ,:at is said ab\t sug>8 ,:at ab\t meat8 ,m5tion ! *anges t food goes ?r\gh 9 ?is case be=e x becomes a "p ( y\r body4 ,:at is said ( milk8 ,:at is ! reason ( ! expression ,"m ,e>?8 ,expla9 ! text1 8,du/ ?\ art1 & unto du/ %alt ?\ return40 ,:at is ! fir/ reason giv5 :y an animal has a /oma* to put 8 food 98 ,:at is ! second reason8 ,:y is ! /oma* ( a plant s mu* l>g] ?an ! /oma* ( an animal8 ,,*apt] ,v4 ,,! ,,/oma* ,,& ,,! ,,tee?4 ,! little m\?s 9 ! /oma*1 z ,i h told y1 suck up f ! food :at is made into blood1 b !y d n d ?is z soon z ! food is put into ! /oma*4 ,! food mu/ be dige/$ fir/4 ,y h he>d p talk ab\t dige/ion1 & n[ ,i w expla9 x to y4 ,sid5ote3 ,:at is done to ! food 9 ! /oma*4 ,:5 y swall[ y\r food1 !re is a liquid =m$ 9 ! /oma* t mixes up ) x4 ,?is liquid1 aft] a little "t1 *anges all ! diff]5t k9ds ( food 9 su* a way t ! :ole looks z if x 0 all "o ?+4 ,! meat1 & potato1 & pie1 etc41 are n only well mix$1 b !y are s *ang$ t y c\ld n tell "o f ! o!r4 ,:5 ! food becomes *ang$ 9 ?is way1 ! little m\?s beg9 _! "w ^u x4 ,!y suck up f x a :ite fluid v mu* l milk2 & x is f ?is fluid t all ! blood 9 our bodies is made4 ,sid5ote3 ,! gr9d+ ( ! food4 ,n[ obs]ve :at is done to ! food be=e x goes into ! /oma*4 ,!re is a mill 9 y\r m\? = gr9d+ x up1 & a v good mill x is4 ,!re are tw5ty tee? !re = ! purpose ( divid+ up y\r food v f9ely4 ,y c see :at ! use ( ?is is4 ,! f9] ! food is1 ! m easily w ! dige/+ fluid 9 ! /oma* *ange x4 ,x takes "s "t = ?is fluid to soak ?r\gh a solid piece ( meat or potato4 ,s y see t y mu/ n swall[ y\r food too fa/1 b mu/ let ! mill 9 y\r m\? gr9d x up ?or\ghly4 ,sid5ote3 ,break+ up ! food ( plants4 ,some?+ l ?is gr9d+ we d sometimes = ! food ( plants1 ,y "k t 9 ! spr+ ! g>d5] digs up 8 g>d51 & ! f>m] pl[s 8 fields4 ,:at is ?is =8 ,x is to loos5 up ! gr\nd2 t is1 x is to break up ! food ( ! plants1 s t !y c use x well4 ,if ?is 0 n done1 ! h>d e>? w\ld be to ! plants j z y\r food w\ld be to y\r /oma* if y swall[ x )\t *ew+ x well4 ,s y\r tee? d to y\r food :at ! spade & ! pl[ d to ! food ( plants4 ,sid5ote3 ,! saliva factories4 ,:ile ! mill is gr9d+ ! food1 !re are "s factories ab\t ! m\?1 mak+ & p\r+ =? a fluid to moi/5 x4 ,?is fluid1 call$ ! saliva1 is :at y feel 9 ! m\? :5 ! m\? wat]s1 z we say4 ,! two l>ge/ ( ^! factories are j bel[ y\r e>s4 ,x is ^! t swell up s mu* :5 "o has ! mumps4 ,^! saliva factories d a mod]ate bus9ess g5]ally4 ,mo/ ( ! "t !y only make en\gh liquid to keep ! m\? moi/4 ,sometimes !y d n make en\gh ev5 = ?is4 ,?is is ! case :5 y\r m\? gets dry1 z x is apt to d 9 fev]4 ,:5 y eat1 ^! factories d a brisk bus9ess1 = !y !n h to make a good deal ( fluid to mix ) ! food4 ,x seems z if !y knew :5 x 0 necess>y = !m to g to "w & make m saliva ?an usual4 ,?is1 ( c\rse1 is n s2 b h[ x is t !y are made to "w s h>d :ile we are eat+ we d n "k4 ,! food ( plants ne$s moi/5+ j z our food does4 ,! ra9 moi/5s x = ! root1 ! /oma* ( ! plant1 s t x may get n\ri%m5t f x4 ,:5 y wat] ! dry e>? 9 a fl[]-pot1 y d = ! food ( ! plant :at ! saliva factories d = y\r food4 ,sid5ote3 ,p>*$ plants & ! p>*$ m\? 9 fev] comp>$4 ,sometimes 9 fev]1 z ,i h j told y1 ! m\? is v dry4 ,?is is p>tly because ! saliva factories h almo/ /opp$ "w2 h>dly any saliva comes ?r\gh _! canals into ! m\?4 ,x w\ld be h>d "w !n to eat dry food4 ,! dry crack] mu/ be moi/5$ be=e x c be eat54 ,?is is v mu* l :at sometimes happ5s to plants :5 !re has be5 no ra9 = a long "t4 ,!re !y are1 ) _! roots 9 ! gr\nd1 j z !y h be5 all along4 ,! food is close to _! little m\?s1 b x is s dry t !y c n well manage x4 ,!y langui%1 !re=e1 & p]haps wilt4 ,! dry e>? is to !m l ! dry crack] to ! fev]$ m\?4 ,que/ions4--,:at is done to ! food 9 ! /oma*8 ,:at d ! mon?s 9 ! /oma* suck up8 ,:at is done to ! food be=e x goes into ! /oma*8 ,:at is ! use ( gr9d+ ! food8 ,:at h>m does x d to eat fa/8 ,:at is said ab\t ! food ( plants8 ,:at else is done to our food :ile ! tee? are gr9d+ x8 ,tell ab\t ! work+ ( ! saliva factories4 ,:at is said ab\t moi/5+ ! food ( plants8 ,h[ are plants sometimes l p]sons 9 a fev]8 ,,*apt] ,,vi4 ,,m ,,ab\t ,,! ,,tee?4 ,sid5ote3 ,! diff]5t k9ds ( tee? = cutt+1 & te>+1 & gr9d+4 ,notice t 9 ! mill 9 y\r m\? !re are diff]5t k9ds ( tee?4 ,!y are = diff]5t purposes4 ,! front tee? are = cutt+ ! food2 ! l>ge back tee? are = gr9d+ x up f9e2 ! po9t$ tee?1 call$ ! /oma* & eye tee?1 are = te>+ ! food4 ,y c see ^! diff]5t k9ds ( tee? 9 diff]5t animals4 ,e animal has su* tee? z x ne$s to divide its food4 ,! dog & ! cat eat meat1 & !y want to te> ?is to pieces2 !y !re=e h long1 %>p1 te>+ tee?2 s1 too1 h ! lion & ! tig]1 = ! same reason4 ,n[ look at ! c['s m\?3 %e has no te>+ tee?4 ,! grass t %e eats does n ne$ to be torn2 x ne$s to be bruis$ & gr\nd up1 & = ?is purpose %e has l>ge1 broad1 gr9d+ tee?4 ,^! are h] back tee?4 ,b y notice t ! c[ has a few diff]5t tee? 9 front2 !y are made to cut4 ,n[ wat* a c[ z %e eats grass1 & see h[ %e uses ^! two k9ds ( tee?4 ,) ! front tee? %e bites ! grass--t is1 %e cuts x2 !n ) ! end ( h] tongue %e puts x back :]e ! gr9d+ tee? are1 to be gr\nd be=e x goes into ! /oma*4 ,s ! c[ has 9 h] m\? bo? a cutt+ ma*9e & a mill4 ,! horse has ^! two k9ds ( tee?1 z y see repres5t$ 9 ?is figure1 :i* is ! skull ( a horse4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,! tee? ( ! horse1 ! c[1 & ! giraffe4 ,n[ :5 y eat an apple y d v mu* z ! c[ or ! horse does ) ! grass2 ) y\r front cutt+ tee? y bite (f a piece2 !n x is pu%$ back :]e ! gr9d]s are1 & !y gr9d x up into a s(t pulp be=e y swall[ x4 ,! c[ does n always use h] cutt+ tee? 9 ! way t ,i h m5tion$4 ,see h] z %e eats hay2 %e does n cut ?is z %e does ! grass4 ,) ^? front cutt+ tee? %e m]ely takes up ! hay1 & x is gradually drawn back into ! m\?1 ! gr9d]s all ! :ile keep+ at "w on x4 ,if ! hay is 9 a rack1 %e pulls x out ) h] cutt+ tee?4 ,x is ! same ) ! horse4 ,illu/ration ,t beautiful & s+ul> animal1 ! giraffe1 :i* y see "h1 has ^! two k9ds ( tee?4 ,?is animal1 :5 ( full size1 is ?ree times ! height ( a tall man2 x lives on ! leaves ( trees1 :i* x crops ) its front tee?1 gr9d+ !m up ) its l>ge back tee?1 z ! c[ & horse d _! hay & grass4 ,sid5ote3 ,te>+ tee?4 ,y notice t y\r te>+ tee? are n ne>ly z long & p[]ful z ^! tee? are 9 dogs1 cats1 tig]s1 etc4 ,:at is ! reason ( ?is8 ,x is because1 al?\gh y eat meat z !y d1 y c1 ) y\r knife & =k1 cut up y\r food4 ,!y d n "k en\gh to use su* ?+s1 & s ,god has giv5 !m long1 %>p tee? to te> _! food to pieces4 ,sid5ote3 ,/oma*s ( ! c[4 ,! c[ gr9ds ! grass & hay twice4 ,s d ! %eep1 ! de]1 ! camel1 ! giraffe1 & _m o!r animals4 ,see ! c[ cropp+ grass 9 ! pa/ure2 %e gr9ds x p>tly 9 h] m\? z %e crops x1 & !n /[s x away 9 a v l>ge /oma* t %e has = ! purpose2 aft] a :ile %e /ops eat+1 & y see h] /&+ or ly+ 9 ! cool %ade *ew+ h] cud1 z we say4 ,t l>ge /oma* is v full ( grass n[1 & ?is is all to be *ew$ ov] aga94 ,h[ d y ?9k ?is is done8 ,i w tell y4 ,sid5ote3 ,*ew+ ! cud4 ,aft] ! grass is well soak$ 9 ?is l>ge /oma*1 x passes into ano!r1 = ! c[ has m ?an "o /oma*--%e has f\r4 ,9 ?is second /oma* ! grass is all roll$ into balls4 ,?is is a v curi\s op]ation4 ,n[ ea* "o ( ^! balls goes up into ! m\? to be *ew$ ov] aga94 ,aft] x is well *ew$1 d[n x goes aga91 b x goes into /ill ano!r /oma*1 & !n up comes ano!r ball to take its place2 & s ! c[ goes on till all ! balls are *ew$4 ,if y look at ! c['s neck :ile %e is do+ ?is1 y c see :5 ! ball goes up & :5 x goes d[n4 ,%e seems to h ! same quiet enjoym5t :ile ?us *ew+ h] cud t ! cat has :51 ) h] eyes half op51 %e lies purr+ & wagg+ h] tail aft] a full meal4 ,sid5ote3 ,gizz>ds ( birds4 ,birds1 y "k1 h no tee?4 ,_! mill = gr9d+ food is n 9 ! m\?1 x is 9 ! /oma*4 ,:at we call ! gizz>d is ?is mill4 ,see a h5 pick up ! corn t y ?r[ to h]4 ,%e swall[s x v fa/4 ,:]e d y ?9k x goes to8 ,x goes into a bag call$ ! crop4 ,"h x is soak$1 j z ! grass is 9 ! l>ge /oma* ( ! c[4 ,:5 x becomes s(t en\gh x goes into ! gizz>d4 ,"h x is cru%$ s z to make a s(t pulp by be+ rubb$ betwe5 two h>d surfaces1 z corn 9 a mill is gr\nd betwe5 two mill-/ones4 ,if y cut op5 ! gizz>d ( a f[l1 y c see h[ well ^! surfaces are fitt$ to gr9d up ! corn4 ,!y d x q z well z tee? w\ld4 ,birds t live on food t does n ne$ gr9d+ d n h a gizz>d1 b a common /oma*4 ,que/ions4--,:at are ! diff]5t k9ds ( tee? t y h 9 y\r m\?1 & :at are !y =8 ,:at is said ab\t ! tee? ( ! dog1 cat1 etc48 ,:at is said ab\t ! c['s back tee?8 ,:at ( h] front ones8 ,tell h[ ! c[ uses ^! two k9ds ( tee? 9 eat+ grass1 & h[ 9 eat+ hay4 ,h[ d y eat an apple8 ,tell ab\t ! giraffe4 ,tell ab\t ! c['s *ew+ h] cud4 ,:at is ! crop ( a bird =8 ,:at is ! gizz>d =8 ,d all birds h gizz>ds8 ,,*apt] ,,vii4 ,,! ,,circulation ,,( ,,! ,,blood4 ,sid5ote3 ,art]ies & ve9s4 ,y rememb] t ,i told y 9 ,"p ,fir/ h[ ! sap circulates 9 a plant or a tree4 ,x goes up 9 "o set ( pipes1 & goes d[n 9 ano!r set4 ,j s x is ) ! blood 9 y\r body2 x is always 9 motion4 ,!re are two diff]5t sets ( pipes = x to g back & =?1 z !re are 9 ! plant = ! sap2 ^! two sets ( pipes are call$ art]ies & ve9s4 ,sid5ote3 ,! he>t4 ,! blood 9 y\r body is kept 9 motion by a pump t works all ! "t1 night & day4 ,?is pump is 9 y\r *e/4 ,x is ! he>t4 ,put y\r e> to ! *e/ ( "s "o1 & y c he> its work+ z x pumps out ! blood4 ,y c he> x 9 y\r own *e/ sometimes :5 x works v h>d4 ,:5 y h be5 runn+ v fa/ y c he> x4 ,! he>t pumps ! blood out at e beat into a l>ge art]y4 ,f ?is great ma9 pipe o!r pipes or art]ies bran* out e :]e1 & f ^! bran*es o!r bran*es g out2 divid+ 9 ?is way1 l ! bran*es ( a tree1 ! art]ies at la/ are v small4 ,sid5ote3 ,! capill>ies4 ,at ! ends ( ! art]ies !re are exce$+ly small vessels4 ,!y are call$ capill>ies1 f ! ,lat9 ^w capilla1 :i* means a hair4 ,!y are really small] ?an ! f9e/ hairs1 = y c n see !m4 ,:5 y cut y\r f+] y divide a great _m ( ^! vessels1 & ! blood oozes out f !m4 ,:5 any "o blu%es1 ^! capill>ies 9 ! sk9 ( ! face are v full ( blood1 & ?is causes ! r$ness4 ,x is ! blood 9 ^! little vessels t makes ! lips r$4 ,^! capill>ies are e :]e1 s t :]ev] y prick ) a p9 ! blood w ooze out4 ,! blood goes out f ! he>t by "o set ( pipes1 & comes back to ! he>t by ano!r set4 ,x goes out f ! he>t by ! art]ies1 z ,i h j told y2 x comes back to ! he>t by ! ve9s4 ,sid5ote3 ,h[ art]ies are gu>d$ m ?an ve9s1 & :y4 ,! ve9s lie1 "s ( !m1 v deep1 & "s j "u ! sk94 ,y see "s ( !m "u ! sk9 9 y\r arm & h&4 ,b y c n see ! art]ies2 !y ne>ly all lie deep4 ,?9k ( ! reason ( ?is4 ,if an art]y ( any size is w\nd$1 x is n easy to /op its ble$+1 = ! he>t is pump+ blood "r ?r\gh x2 b x is easy to /op ! ble$+ ( a w\nd$ ve91 because ! blood is go+ 9 x quietly back to ! he>t4 ,n[ x is because x is s dang]\s to w\nd art]ies t ,god has plac$ !m s deep t !y c n easily be w\nd$4 ,! mak] ( our bodies has gu>d$ ! art]ies 9 ano!r way4 ,he has made !m mu* /rong] ?an ! ve9s4 ,if !y 7 n made v /rong !y w\ld n[ & !n bur/4 ,y sometimes see ! hose ( a fire-eng9e bur/ :5 !y are work+ ! eng9e v h>d2 b1 ?\gh y\r he>t pumps away sometimes s fa/ & h>d1 z :5 y h be5 runn+1 n "o ( all ! art]ies gives way2 b !y w\ld (t5 bur/ if !y 7 n made /rong] ?an ! ve9s are4 ,! blood 9 ! art]ies is r$2 b ! blood t comes back to ! he>t 9 ! ve9s is d>k4 ,?is is ! reason t ! ve9s :i* y see "u ! sk9 look d>k4 ,i w tell y m ab\t ! d>k & ! r$ blood 9 ! next *apt]4 ,sid5ote3 ,circulation ( ! sap4 ,y see t ! blood is kept 9 motion 9 a diff]5t way f :at ! sap is4 ,9 a l>ge tree !re is a great deal ( sap go+ up 9 its trunk all ! "t1 b !re are no l>ge pipes !re l our art]ies & ve9s4 ,! sap goes up & d[n 9 a multitude ( v small pipes1 & !re is no pump 9 ! tree1 z !re is 9 our bodies1 & 9 ! bodies ( o!r animals4 ,h[ ! sap goes up to ! top ( ! talle/ tree )\t be+ pump$ up we d n "k4 ,sid5ote3 ,pump+ ( ! he>t4 ,! he>t is at "w1 z ,i h told y1 all ! "t1 :ile y are asleep z well z :5 y are awake4 ,if x %\ld /op pump+ ! blood1 y w\ld die4 ,h[ /eadily x works1 go+ tick-tack all ! :ile6 ,h[ mu* "w x does 9 a lifetime6 ,x takes b a few days = x to beat a million ( times2 & "h ,i w give y some?+ ab\t ?is "w ( ! he>t t ,i wrote 9 ano!r book4,a#a ,if ! he>t c\ld ?9k1 & "k1 & speak1 suppose x %\ld c\nt up h[ _m times x has to beat be=e ! days ( sev5ty ye>s are numb]$ & f9i%$4 ,i ?9k x w\ld feel a little disc\rag$ at ! great1 long "w t 0 be=e x1 j z "s p d :5 !y look =w>d & ?9k h[ mu* !y h to d2 b rememb] t ! he>t has a mom5t 9 :i* x c make e beat4 ,!re is "t en\gh to d ! "w2 x is n expect$ to make two or m beats at once1 b only "o4 ,footnote ,a#a3 ,e-day ,wond]s2 or1 ,facts 9 ,physiology4 ,am]ican ,sunday-s*ool ,union4 ,sid5ote3 ,*e]ful work+4 ,z ! he>t c n ?9k1 x does n fa9t ) disc\ragem5t1 b goes "r on ) its "w1 do+ 9 ea* mom5t ! duty ( t mom5t2 & x w\ld be well if p t c ?9k1 :e!r *ildr5 or adults1 w\ld take a lesson f ?is little busy work] 9 _! bosoms4 ,if "o goes "r on1 p]=m+ *e]fully e duty z x comes along1 he w d a great deal 9 a lifetime1 & he w d x easily & pleasantly1 if he does n keep look+ ahead & ?9k+ h[ mu* he has to d4 ,sid5ote3 ,! discont5t$ p5dulum4 ,!re is a pretty /ory1 by ,miss ,jane ,taylor1 ab\t a discont5t$ p5dulum4 ,! p5dulum ( a clock 9 a f>m]'s kit*51 9 ?9k+ ov] ! tick+ t x _h got to d1 became disc\rag$1 & conclud$ to /op4 ,! h&s on ! clock-face did n l ?is1 & _h a talk ) ! p5dulum ab\t x4 ,! p5dulum 01 aft] a :ile1 p]suad$ to beg9 its "w aga91 because x saw1 z ! h&s said1 t x always _h a mom5t to d e tick 94 ,! p5dulum's fooli% wa/e ( "t 9 compla9+ made ! f>m]'s clock an h\r too sl[ 9 ! morn+4 ,que/ions4--,:at is said ab\t ! circulation ( ! sap & ! blood8 ,:at is said ab\t ! he>t8 ,:at ab\t ! art]ies8 ,:at are ! capill>ies8 ,by :at pipes does ! blood come back to ! he>t8 ,:]e c y see "s ( ! ve9s8 ,:y are ! art]ies laid deep] ?an ^! ve9s8 ,:y are !y made /rong] ?an ve9s8 ,:at is ! color ( ! blood 9 ! art]ies8 ,:at is its color 9 ! ve9s8 ,is ! sap kept 9 motion 9 ! same way t ! blood is8 ,:at is said ab\t ! "w t ! he>t does8 ,tell ab\t ! p5dulum4 ,,*apt] ,,viii4 ,,brea?+4 ,:at d y brea! =8 ,t is pla9 en\gh1 y w say3 ,i c n live )\t brea?+4 ,b :y is x t y\r life dep5ds on y\r brea?+8 ,?is ,i w expla9 to y4 ,sid5ote3 ,! blood *ang$ f d>k to r$ 9 ! lungs4 ,y rememb] t ,i told y t ! blood t comes back to ! he>t 9 ! ve9s is d>k2 x is n good blood4 ,x has be5 us$ :ile x 0 9 ! capill>ies 9 build+ & repair+ bone1 & sk91 & muscle1 & n]ve1 etc4 ,x is n fit to be us$ aga9 s long z x is d>k blood4 ,:at %all be done ) x8 ,x mu/ be made 9 "s way into good r$ blood aga94 ,n[ ! factory :]e ?is is done is ! lungs4 ,j z fa/ z ! d>k blood comes to ! he>t1 x s5ds x to ! lungs to be made into r$ blood1 !n x goes back to ! he>t to be s5t all ov] ! body4 ,b h[1 y w ask1 is ! d>k blood *ang$ into good r$ blood 9 ! lungs8 ,x is done by ! air t y brea! 92 e "t t y draw a brea?1 air goes d[n into ! lungs & *anges ! blood t x f9ds !re4 ,& n[ y see :y x is t y h to brea! to keep alive4 ,if ! air does n g d[n into ! lungs1 ! d>k blood t is !re is n *ang$ into r$ blood3 x goes back to ! he>t d>k blood1 & is s5t all ov] ! body2 b ?is d>k blood c n keep y alive3 x is ! r$ blood t does ?is4 ,sid5ote3 ,dr[n+4 ,y see1 !n1 h[ dea? is caus$ 9 dr[n+2 ! air is %ut out by ! wat]1 & ! blood is n *ang$ 9 ! lungs2 s ! blood goes back to ! he>t d>k in/ead ( r$1 & is s5t all ov] ! body4 ,illu/ration ,! he>t & ! lungs fill up y\r *e/4 ,! lungs cov] up ! he>t1 except a little "p ( x on ! left side3 ?is is :]e y c feel its beat+ s pla9ly4 ,"h is a figure ( ! he>t & lungs2 ! lungs are drawn ap>t1 s t y c see ! he>t1 & its l>ge art]ies & ve9s4 ,y see1 m>k$ a1 ! w9dpipe by :i* ! air goes d[n into ! lungs4 ,! lungs are light1 spongy bodies4 ,!y are light because !y are full ( little cells = ! air to g into4 ,x is 9 ^! cells t ! blood is *ang$ by ! air4 ,sid5ote3 ,situation ( ! he>t & lungs ( fi%es4 ,sid5ote3 ,gills ( fi%es4 ,sid5ote3 ,h[ fi%es brea!4 ,& n[ ,i w tell y ab\t ! lungs ( fi%es4 ,b p]haps y w say t fi%es d n brea!1 & x c n be t !y h lungs1 = !y w\ld be ( no use to !m4 ,x is true t !y d n h su* lungs z we h2 b !y h lungs1 & !y really d brea! air4 ,h[ is ?is1 y w ask1 :5 !y live 9 ! wat]8 ,!re is a good deal ( air always mix$ up ) wat]1 & ! lungs ( a fi% are s made t ! air 9 ! wat] c *ange ! blood 9 !m4 ,! gills ( a fi% are its lungs1 & ! way t !y are us$ is ?is4 ,! fi% takes wat] into its m\?1 & lets x run out ?r\gh ! gills1 & s ! air t is mix$ ) ! wat] *anges ! blood 9 !m4 ,our lungs are fitt$ to brea! air alone1 b ! fi% may be said to brea! air & wat] toge!r4 ,air alone does ! fi% no good2 he c n live 9 x2 he mu/ h 8 air mix$ ) wat]1 or x is ( no use to him4 ,sid5ote3 ,brea?+ ( ! lamprey eel4 ,illu/ration ,"h is a picture ( ! lamprey eel4 ,y see t x has a r[ ( holes on its neck3 ^! are op5+s t lead to its lungs2 !re are sev5 on ea* side4 ,x is f ?is t x is sometimes call$ sev5-eyes4 ,insects h su* op5+s into _! lungs4 ,! gras%opp] has tw5ty-f\r ( !m1 9 f\r r[s4 ,s y see t !re are diff]5t ways ( brea?+ 9 diff]5t animals4 ,!y d n all brea! ?r\gh _! m\?s & noses1 z we d4 ,sid5ote3 ,! voice4 ,y see t ! *ief use ( brea?+ is to air ! blood2 b x is ( use to u 9 ano!r way4 ,x makes ! voice4 ,we c\ld n speak if we did n brea!4 ,! s\nd ( ! voice is made 9 ! top ( ! neck1 9 :at we call ,adam's apple4 ,?is is a sort ( musical box at ! top ( ! w9dpipe3 9 ?is box !re are two flat cords /ret*+ "r across x4 ,n[ :5 we speak or s+1 ! s\nd is made 9 ?is way3 ! air1 com+ up out ( ! lungs1 /rikes on ^! cords1 & makes !m %ake or vibrate4 ,x is j z ! vibration ( ! fiddle-/r+ makes a s\nd :5 ! b[ is drawn ov] x4 ,if y look at an olian h>p fix$ 9 a w9d[1 y c see t ! /r+s are made to quiv] by ! w9d1 & ?is causes ! s\nd4 ,9 ! same way1 ! w9d t is bl[n up f y\r lungs makes ! cords 9 ! ,adam's apple vibrate2 & ! *e/ may be said to be ! bell[s ( t little musical box or organ t y h 9 ! ?roat4 ,sid5ote3 ,! voices ( animals4 ,sid5ote3 ,! purr+ ( ! cat4 ,_m animals h a musical box 9 ! ?roat simil> to ours4 ,! l[+ ( ! c[1 ! b>k+ ( ! dog1 & ! mew+ & squall+ ( ! cat are all done 9 su* a box4 ,y p]haps h wond]$ h[ ! cat purrs4 ,?is noise is made 9 ! same box :]e %e does h] mew+ & squall+2 = if y put y\r f+] on h] ,adam's apple :ile %e is s quietly purr+1 y c feel a quiv]+ motion !re4 ,sid5ote3 ,! croak+ ( ! frog4 ,fi%es1 y "k1 h no voice4 ,!y h no musical box4 ,if !y _h !y c\ld n use x1 = ! only way 9 :i* x c be us$ is to bl[ air ?r\gh x4 ,! frog c n use 8 s long z he is "u wat]2 he has to /ick 8 head up out ( wat] :5 he wants to croak4 ,que/ions4--,:at d y brea! =8 ,h[ is ! blood 9 ! lungs *ang$8 ,:at w\ld x d if x 7 n *ang$8 ,h[ is dea?1 caus$ 9 dr[n+8 ,h[ are ! he>t & lungs situat$8 ,:y are ! lungs s light8 ,:at is said ab\t ! lungs ( fi%es8 ,:at is said ab\t ! brea?+ ( ! lamprey eel8 ,:at ab\t ! brea?+ ( ! gras%opp]8 ,h[ is ! brea?+ ( use besides *ang+ ! blood8 ,tell h[ ! voice is made4 ,:at is said ab\t ! voices ( animals8 ,:]e is ! cat's purr+ done8 ,:y d fi%es h no musical box8 ,:at is said ab\t ! croak+ ( frogs8 ,,*apt] ,,ix4 ,,bra9 ,,& ,,n]ves4 ,sid5ote3 ,! body ! s\l's h\se1 ) a great deal ( ma*9]y 9 x4 ,i h told y "s ?+s 9 ! previ\s *apt]s ab\t h[ ! body is built & kept 9 repair4 ,i h told y t ! blood is ! build+ mat]ial f :i* all ! p>ts ( ! body are made4 ,! use ( food1 y h se51 is to make ! blood1 & ! *ief use ( ! brea?+ is to keep ! blood 9 good ord]4 ,! he>t1 ) its art]ies & ve9s1 keeps ! blood mov+ all ab\t ! body1 s t x may be us$ 9 build+ & repair+4 ,b :at is ! body built & kept 9 repair =8 ,x is a h\se = ! m9d or s\l4 ,! s\l--! ?9k+ "p ( y--s long z x rema9s 9 ?is _w1 dwells 9 ! body4 ,! body is some?+ m ?an a h\se = ! s\l4 ,! head1 :]e ! s\l dwells1 is b a small "p ( ! body4 ,b x uses all p>ts ( x4 ,:5 ! h& is mov$1 ! s\l uses ! h&2 :5 y walk1 x uses ! legs & ! feet2 :5 y see1 x uses ! eyes2 x uses ! e>s z its in/rum5ts to he> )1 & ! nose is its smell+ in/rum5t2 & s ( o!r p>ts4 ,y c ?9k1 !n1 ( ! body z hav+ 9 x _m diff]5t k9ds ( ma*9]y t ! m9d or s\l uses4 ,& ! object ( eat+1 & dr9k+1 & brea?+1 & hav+ ! blood circulate1 is to make all ?is ma*9]y = ! m9d to use4 ,sid5ote3 ,h[ ! m9d uses its ma*9]y4 ,let u see1 n[1 h[ x is t ! m9d uses ! ma*9]y ( ! body4 ,raise y\r h&4 ,:at makes x g up8 ,x is :at we call ! muscles4 ,!y pull ^u x & raise x4 ,b :at makes !m d x8 ,!y d x because y ?9k to h !m d x4 ,x is y\r ?9k+ m9d1 !n1 t makes !m raise ! arm4 ,b ! m9d is n !re among ! muscles2 x is 9 y\r head4 ,n[ h[ does ! m9d get at ! muscles to make !m "w8 ,x does n g out ( ! bra9 to !m1 j z a man goes out ( 8 h\se among 8 workm5 to tell !m :at to d4 ,! m9d /ays 9 ! bra9 all ! "t2 b !re are :ite cords1 call$ n]ves1 t g f ! bra9 to all p>ts ( ! body1 & ! m9d s5ds messages by ^! to ! muscles1 & !y d :at ! m9d tells !m to d4 ,sid5ote3 ,n]ves l telegraphic wires4 ,^! n]ves act l ! wires ( a telegraph4 ,! bra9 is ! m9d's (fice1 z we may call x2 "h ! m9d is1 & x s5ds out messages by ! n]ves z messages are s5t f a telegraphic (fice by its wires4 ,?is is done by electricity 9 ! telegraphic (fice1 b h[ ! m9d does x we d n "k4 ,:5 y move y\r arm1 some?+ goes f ! bra9 along ! n]ves to ! muscles1 & makes !m act1 b :at t some?+ is we d n "k4 ,if ! wires t g out f a telegraphic (fice are brok5 (f 9 any way1 ! man 9 ! (fice may s5d out messages1 b !y w n g to ! place he wi%es4 ,he may "w 8 ma*9e1 & s5d ! electricity along ! wire1 b x w /op :]e ! break is4 ,j s1 if ! n]ves t g to ! muscles ( y\r arm 7 cut1 ! muscles c\ld n receive any message f ! m9d4 ,y might ?9k v h>d ab\t rais+ ! arm1 b ! message t y\r m9d s5ds to ! muscles is /opp$ :]e ! n]ves are cut1 j z ! electricity /ops :]e ! break is 9 ! wire4 ,sid5ote3 ,! two sets ( n]ves4 ,sid5ote3 ,! bra94 ,:ile ! m9d s5ds out messages by "o set ( n]ves1 x receives messages by ano!r set2 x receives !m f ! s5ses4 ,j see h[ ?is is4 ,if y put y\r f+] ^u any ?+1 h[ does ! m9d 9 y\r bra9 "k h[ x feels8 ,h[ does x "k :e!r x is h>d or s(t1 r\gh or smoo?8 ,! m9d does n g f ! head d[n into ! f+] to f9d out ?is2 x kn[s x by ! n]v\s cords t /ret* f ! bra9 to ! f+]4 ,:5 y t\* any ?+1 some?+ goes1 z quick z a fla%1 f ! f+] along ^! n]ves to ! bra9 :]e ! m9d lives1 & lets x "k :at k9d ( a ?+ x is t y\r f+] has t\*$4 ,s1 :5 y smell any ?+1 x is ! n]ves :i* connect y\r nose ) ! bra9 t tell ! m9d :at k9d ( a smell x is4 ,& :5 y ta/e any ?+1 x is ! n]ves ( ! m\? t tell ! m9d 9 ! bra9 :e!r x is bitt]1 or sweet1 or s\r1 etc4 ,s1 too1 :5 y see any ?+1 x is ! n]ve :i* connects ! eye ) ! bra9 t tells ! m9d :at x is t y see4 ,sid5ote3 ,! n]ves ( ! face & head4 ,! bra91 9 :i* ! m9d lives & ) :i* x ?9ks1 is ! s(te/ "p ( ! body4 ,y c see :at sort ( a ?+ y\r own bra9 is by look+ at ! bra9 ( "s animal at ! meat-m>ket4 ,y c see x v well 9 ! calf's head :5 x is prep>$ = cook+ by be+ saw$ 9 two4 ,i h comp>$ ! n]ves to ! wires t /ret* out f ! telegraphic (fice2 b !re are only a few wires1 :ile ! n]ves t bran* out f ! bra91 all ov] y\r body1 c n be c\nt$4 ,"h is a figure %[+ h[ ! n]ves bran* out ov] ! face & head2 !re are a great _m ( !m1 & s !re are 9 all o!r p>ts ( ! body4 ,illu/ration ,! n]ves1 by divid+1 spread out1 s t !re are little n]ves e :]e4 ,if y prick y\rself ) a p9 any :]e1 !re is a little n]ve !re t connects t spot ) ! bra91 & t tells ! m9d ab\t x4 ,n[ all ! n]ves 9 all p>ts ( ! body h _! beg9n+s 9 ! bra94 ,9 ?is s(t organ are bundl$ toge!r1 z we may say1 all ! ends ( ! n]ves1 s t ! m9d c use !m4 ,!re ! m9d is at its po/1 j l ! man 9 ! telegraph (fice2 & f t great bundle ( ! ends ( n]ves x is con/antly le>n+ :at is go+ on at ! o!r ends ( !m 9 all p>ts ( ! body4 ,sid5ote3 ,! m9d v busy 9 att5d+ to all its n]ves4 ,a great bus9ess ! m9d has to d 9 att5d+ to all ^! ends ( n]ves 9 ! bra92 & h[ /range x is t x does n get confus$1 :5 s _m messages are com+ to x ov] its wires f e qu>t]6 ,x always kn[s :]e a message comes f4 ,x nev] mi/akes a message f a f+] = "o f a toe1 nor ev5 a message f "o f+] = "o f ano!r4 ,& s1 too1 9 s5d+ out messages to ! muscles1 !re is no confusion4 ,:5 y want to move a f+]1 y\r m9d s5ds messages by ! n]ves to ! muscles t d x4 ,! message always goes to ! "r muscles4 ,x does n g sometimes to ! muscles ( ano!r f+] by mi/ake1 b y always move ! f+] :i* y wi% to move4 ,& s ( all o!r p>ts4 ,messages g f y\r busy m9d 9 ! bra9 to any "p t y move4 ,y c see h[ wond]ful ?is is1 if y wat* any "o t is danc+ or play+ on an in/rum5t1 & ?9k h[ ! messages are all ! "t go+ by ! n]ves s quickly f ! bra9 to ! diff]5t p>ts ( ! body4 ,i %all tell y m ab\t ?is 9 ano!r *apt]4 ,sid5ote3 ,messages g f ! bra9 by "s n]ves1 & come to x by o!rs4 ,! man 9 ! telegraph (fice receives messages by ! same wires by :i* he s5ds !m out4 ,x is n s1 z ,i h told y be=e1 ) ! m9d's wires1 ! n]ves2 ! m9d receives messages f ! s5ses by "o set ( n]ves1 & s5ds messages to ! muscles by ano!r set4 ,if y burn y\r f+]1 y pull x away f ! fire4 ,n[ 9 ?is case ! m9d gets a message f ! f+] by ! n]ves1 & s kn[s ( ! hurt4 ,! message goes f ! f+] along "s n]ves to _! ends 9 t bundle ( !m 9 ! bra92 & ! m9d1 be+ !re on ! wat*1 receives x4 ,n[ :at does ! m9d d8 ,does x leave ! f+] to burn8 ,no2 x s5ds a message at once along "s o!r n]ves to ! muscles t c pull ! f+] out ( h>m's way4 ,que/ions4--,:at are "s ( ! ?+s t ,i h told y 9 ! *apt]s be=e ?is8 ,:at is ! body built & kept 9 repair =8 ,9 :at "p ( ! body does ! s\l live8 ,tell h[ x uses diff]5t p>ts ( ! body4 ,:5 y\r arm is rais$1 h[ is x done8 ,9 :at way does ! m9d make ! muscles act8 ,:at are ! n]ves8 ,h[ are !y l telegraph wires8 ,:at is x t goes along ! wires8 ,d we "k :at x is t goes along ! n]ves8 ,give ! comp>ison betwe5 cut n]ves & brok5 wires4 ,f :at does ! m9d receive messages8 ,tell ab\t t\*+1 smell+1 ta/+1 & see+4 ,:at is said ab\t ! bra98 ,:at is said ab\t ! numb] ( n]ves8 ,:at is said ab\t ! m9d's att5d+ to all its n]ves8 ,:at is said ab\t its mak+ no mi/akes 9 its messages8 ,give :at is said ab\t ! burn+ ( a f+]4 ,,*apt] ,x4 ,,h[ ,,! ,,m9d ,,gets ,,k4 ,sid5ote3 ,k ent]s ! m9d by ! s5ses4 ,! m9d1 z y le>n$ 9 ! la/ *apt]1 has a sort ( telegraphic communication ) all p>ts ( ! body by means ( ! n]ves1 & x is all ! "t receiv+ messages f ! f+]s1 ! eyes1 ! nose1 ! e>s1 ! m\?1 & o!r p>ts4 ,^! are in/rum5ts :i* ! m9d uses to get a k ( :at is ar\nd u4 ,x gets diff]5t k9ds ( k by ! diff]5t in/rum5ts4 ,= example1 x le>ns :e!r a ?+ is h>d or s(t by ! t\* ( ! f+]s1 & x le>ns h[ x smells by ! nose1 h[ x ta/es by ! m\?1 & h[ x looks by ! eyes4 ,!re is k1 !n1 go+ all ! "t to ! m9d by ! n]ves f ^! in/rum5ts4 ,x c n get !re 9 any o!r way4 ,suppose ! m9d 0 lock$ up 9 ! bra91 & _h no n]ves go+ out f x4 ,x c\ld n le>n any ?+ ab\t :at is ar\nd x2 !re might be eyes1 & f+]s1 & e>s1 & a nose1 & a m\?1 b ^! w\ld be ( no use to ! m9d if !re 7 no n]ves4 ,sid5ote3 ,h[ ! m9d le>ns ab\t ?+s4 ,see h[ ! *ild le>ns ab\t ! _w ( ?+s all ar\nd him4 ,:5 he is fir/ born he does n "k any ?+4 ,he does n "k h[ any ?+ feels1 or looks1 or ta/es1 or smells4 ,b ) 8 little n]ves 8 m9d gets messages f ! s5ses1 & s he le>ns e day ab\t ! ?+s t are ar\nd him4 ,eyes1 e>s1 nose1 m\?1 & f+]s are all ! "t tell+ 8 m9d some?+ ?r\gh ! n]ves4 ,!y tell him fir/ ab\t ^? ?+s t are 9 ! room :]e he is1 & !n1 aft] a :ile1 :5 he is c>ri$ out1 !y tell him ab\t ?+s t are out ( doors1 & ?us he kn[s m & m e day4 ,& !n1 too1 ! m9d ?9ks ab\t :at ! s5ses tell x4 ,x lays up :at comes to x by ! n]ves1 & looks x ov]1 z we may say1 & 9 ?is way x le>ns a great deal4 ,!re is great diff]5ce 9 p 9 ?is ?9k+ ab\t :at ! m9d kn[s by ! s5ses4 ,"s t see & he> a great _m ?+s d n "k z mu* z "s t see & he> few ?+s4 ,x is because !y d n ?9k mu* ab\t :at ! s5ses tell ! m9d4 ,y see1 !n1 t all t we le>n 9 ?is _w really comes into ! m9d by ! way ( ! n]ves f ! s5ses--! sight1 ! he>+1 ! t\*1 ! smell1 & ! ta/e4 ,! s5ses are ! inlets or op5+s by :i* k ent]s1 & ! n]ves are ! passages by :i* x gets to ! m9d 9 ! bra92 & aft] x gets !re ! m9d ?9ks ab\t x & uses x 9 v>i\s ways4 ,sid5ote3 ,! deaf & ! bl9d4 ,sid5ote3 ,deaf & dumb4 ,sid5ote3 ,h[ ! bl9d read4 ,"s p]sons1 y "k1 d n h all ^! inlets = k op54 ,= example1 "s are deaf2 9 !m no k c get into ! m9d by ! e>s4 ,"s are bl9d1 & no k c get into _! m9ds by ! eyes4 ,m k comes into ! m9d by ! sight ?an by ! he>+2 x is !re=e a great] mis=tune to be bl9d ?an x is to be deaf4 ,x is a/oni%+ to see h[ mu* ! deaf & ! bl9d c le>n if !y try4 ,if ! m9d is wide awake & ready to le>n1 x c get a great deal ( k ev5 :5 "o ( ! op5+s = x is %ut up4 ,x c use ! k ga9$ by ! o!r s5ses 9 su* a way z to make up v mu* = ! loss4 ,a lazy m9d1 ) all ! s5ses lett+ 9 k1 w n "k z mu* z a busy m9d w ) "o ( ! s5ses %ut up4 ,9 ! deaf & dumb ! eyes h to answ] = bo? eyes & e>s 9 gett+ k4 ,!y h to d d\ble duty2 & !y d x v well if ! m9d is only wide awake & att5tive to all t x c le>n by ! eyes4 ,9 ! bl9d ! e>s h to d a great deal m ?an 9 ^? t c see4 ,! f+]s also ( ! bl9d are v busy1 = !y le>n v mu* ab\t :at is ar\nd !m by ! s5se ( feel+4 ,!re are books n[ made = _! use ) rais$ lett]s4 ,by pass+ _! f+]s ov] !m1 !y read j z y d by look+ at pr9t$ lett]s4 ,sid5ote3 ,/ory ( ,laura ,bridgman4 ,& n[ ,i w tell y ab\t a girl t has _h to get all h] k ) only "o ( ! s5ses1 ! s5se ( feel+4 ,h] "n is ,laura ,bridgman4 ,:5 %e 0 9 h] second ye> %e became v sick4 ,h] sickness la/$ a v long "t4 ,aft] %e got well x 0 f\nd t %e 0 bl9d & deaf1 & t %e _h no ta/e nor smell2 only "o ( ! five inlets = k 0 op54 ,all t c\ld come into h] m9d 0 :at c\ld be le>n$ by ! t\* alone4 ,b %e _h an active m9d1 & s %e w5t r\nd feel+ ( e ?+1 to f9d out all %e c\ld ab\t ?+s4 ,! only way t %e c\ld "k p 0 by feel+ !m4 ,h] "m 0 v k9d to h]1 & ! little helpless girl lik$ to be ) h] all ! "t4 ,%e foll[$ h] ab\t ! h\se1 & tri$ to d ?+s j z h] "m did !m4 ,%e w\ld feel ( h] "m's arms & h&s :ile %e 0 do+ ?+s1 t %e might f9d out h[ %e did !m4 ,9 ?is way %e le>n$ to knit1 :i* 0 a great com=t to h]1 = %e did n l to be idle4 ,sid5ote3 ,laura 9 ! asylum4 ,a k9d physician1 :o _h *>ge ( an asylum = ! bl9d 9 ,bo/on1 he>d ab\t ,laura4 ,he 0 mu* int]e/$ = ! helpless *ild1 & w5t to see h]4 ,he p]suad$ h] "m to let h] come to ! asylum4 ,laura did n feel at home at fir/1 b1 z !y 7 all k9d to h] 9 ! asylum1 %e soon lik$ x v mu*4 ,%e n[ began to le>n _m ?+s1 & ,i w tell y a little h[ ! tea*] manag$ ) h]4 ,he put into h] h&s diff]5t ?+s--spoons1 keys1 books1 etc4 ,ea* article _h a label on x4 ,! lett]s on ! labels 7 rais$ lett]s1 su* z are us$ 9 tea*+ ! bl9d4 ,%e w\ld feel !m all ov] ) ! tips ( h] little f+]s1 h] busy m9d all ! "t ?9k+ ab\t h[ !y felt4 ,!n ! labels & ! ?+s 7 put be=e h]1 b sep>at$ f ea* o!r4 ,aft] a little try+1 %e le>n$ to put ! labels on ! ?+s "r4 ,all ?is "t %e did n "k t ^! labels _h ! names ( ! articles on !m4 ,if %e 7 bl9d only1 %e w\ld h kn[n ?is at once1 = %e c\ld h be5 told ( x2 b aft] a :ile %e 9 "s way got ?is idea into h] m9d4 ,%e 0 delight$1 = %e _h n[ f\nd a new way ( le>n+ ?+s1 & ( tell+ ab\t ?+s to o!rs4 ,sid5ote3 ,h[ ,laura le>n$ to read & to conv]se4 ,& n[ ,laura w5t on fa/ ) h] le>n+4 ,! lett]s 7 sep>at$1 & %e w\ld put !m toge!r s z to spell spoon1 key1 etc4 ,?is 0 a great amusem5t to h]4 ,sometimes1 :5 %e c>elessly plac$ ! lett]s wrong1 %e w\ld playfully /rike h] "r h& ) h] left "o1 & !n1 :5 ! lett]s 7 plac$ "r1 %e w\ld pat h] head1 z ! tea*] 0 apt to d :5 he 0 pleas$ ) any ?+ t %e _h done4 ,aft] a :ile ! tea*] taught ,laura to use h] f+]s 9 talk+1 z y1 p]haps1 h se5 ! deaf & dumb d4 ,%e soon le>n$ to make all ! lett]s 9 ?is f+]-alphabet1 :i* y c see on page #ih2 & n[ %e c\ld talk ) p q easily1 if !y happ5$ to "k ?is alphabet4 ,:5 %e _h any ?+ to say1 %e w\ld make ! lett]s ) ! f+]s1 :ile ! p]son to :om %e 0 talk+ w\ld look at h]4 ,b h[ d y ?9k t %e manag$ :5 ?is p]son said any ?+ to h] ) 8 f+]s8 ,%e c\ld n see 8 f+]s1 b %e c\ld feel !m1 & ?is 0 ! way 9 :i* %e knew :at 0 said to h]2 %e w\ld c>efully1 b rapidly1 pass h] f+]s ov] 8 z fa/ z he made ! lett]s4 ,x 0 surpris+ to see h[ quickly ! t\* ( h] nimble f+]s w\ld tell h] m9d :at lett] 0 made1 & h[ fa/ %e c\ld conv]se ) p]sons 9 ?is way4 ,sid5ote3 ,laura's indu/ry4 ,laura le>n$ mu* m at ! asylum ?an we %\ld suppose %e c\ld ) only h] "o s5se ( t\*4 ,"s p]sons ) ! :ole five s5ses d n "k z mu* z %e does4 ,%e ev5 le>n$ to write2 & writ+ & knitt+ 7 v pleasant employm5ts to h]4 ,by writ+ %e c\ld put ! ?\ghts ( h] busy m9d on pap]1 s t o!rs might read !m2 & :ile %e 0 sitt+ alone ?9k+1 %e lik$ to make h] nimble f+]s useful 9 knitt+4 ,x 0 a great satisfaction to h] t1 ?\gh %e _h b "o s5se1 %e c\ld d some?+ useful4 ,:at a pity x is t _m *ildr51 & _m adults too1 d n h m ( ?is feel+ ?an !y seem to h6 ,! example ( ,laura tea*es a good lesson to all idl]s4 ,sid5ote3 ,h] fun4 ,?\gh ,laura c\ld nev] see beautiful ?+s1 nor he> pleasant s\nds1 z y d all ! "t1 %e 0 v *e]ful1 & sometimes %e 0 v funny4 ,%e lik$ to play ) h] doll2 & z ! bl9d *ildr5 9 ! asylum _h ribbons ti$ ov] _! sightless eyes1 %e ti$ "o ov] h] doll's eyes4 ,"o day %e 0 9 h] play tak+ c>e ( h] doll z "o w\ld ( a sick *ild4 ,%e made believe give x m$ic9e1 & put a hot bottle to its feet2 & :5 "s "o propos$ to h] to put a bli/] on its back1 %e 0 s mu* amus$ t %e laugh$ & clapp$ h] h&s4 ,sid5ote3 ,a visit f h] "m4 ,sid5ote3 ,h[ ,laura knew h] "m4 ,aft] ,laura _h be5 "s "t at ! asylum h] "m came to see h]4 ,%e did n "k h] "m at fir/1 b ?\ght t %e 0 "s /rang]4 ,%e held back & w\ld n come ne>4 ,h] "m h&$ h] a /r+ ( beads :i* %e us$ to we> :5 at home4 ,%e took !m1 & z soon z %e felt !m %e knew :at beads !y 74 ,%e put !m on h] neck1 &1 %[+ great joy1 said ) h] f+]-language t %e knew ^! came f home4 ,some?+ else f home 0 giv5 h]4 ,%e n[ drew ne>1 & h] "m kiss$ h]4 ,! mom5t t h] "m's lips t\*$ h] %e knew :o x 01 = t kiss 0 j l ! _m kisses h] lov+ "m us$ to give h]4 ,%e rememb]$ h[ ^? lips us$ to feel1 & !y _h ! same feel+ n[2 & n[ %e clung to h] "m1 & put h] head into h] bosom4 ,!y 7 bo? v happy4 ,:5 h] "m left h] ,laura felt sad inde$4 ,%e want$ to g ) h]1 b %e knew t x 0 be/ = h] to /ay 9 ! asylum1 :]e %e c\ld le>n s mu*4 ,que/ions4--,:at are ! in/rum5ts by :i* ! m9d gets its k8 ,h[ does ! k get to ! m9d8 ,:at good w\ld ! in/rum5ts d if !re 7 no n]ves8 ,tell h[ ! *ild1 :5 fir/ born1 le>ns ab\t ?+s ar\nd him4 ,:at is said ab\t ?9k+ ( :at is le>n$ by ! s5ses8 ,:y may ! s5ses be call$ ! inlets ( k8 ,tell ab\t ! deaf & ! bl9d4 ,:y is x worse to be bl9d ?an x is to be deaf8 ,:at is said ab\t ! am\nt ( k t ! bl9d & ! deaf c obta98 ,:at is said ab\t ! s5se ( sight 9 ! deaf & dumb8 ,:at s5ses d ! bl9d *iefly use 9 gett+ k8 ,h[ d !y read8 ,h[ _m ( ! s5ses did ,laura ,bridgman lose8 ,h[ did %e le>n ab\t ?+s be=e %e w5t to ! asylum8 ,tell h[ %e le>n$ aft] %e w5t !re4 ,h[ did %e talk ) p8 ,tell ab\t h] indu/ry4 ,:at is said ( h] *e]fulness8 ,:at ( h] fun8 ,tell ,ab\t h] "m's visit4 ,,*apt] ,,xi4 ,,see+4 ,! s5ses by :i* ! m9d obta9s mo/ ( its k are ! sight & ! he>+4 ,9 ?is *apt] we w look at ! organ or in/rum5t ( sight4 ,sid5ote3 ,! eye a beautiful in/rum5t4 ,! eye is a v beautiful in/rum5t4 ,x is v nicely made1 & x has a great _m diff]5t p>ts4 ,y are n old en\gh yet to und]/& all ab\t ^! p>ts1 b !re are "s ?+s ab\t !m t ,i c expla9 to y4 ,:at we call ! :ite ( ! eye is a /rong1 firm sort ( bag4 ,x is fill$ mo/ly ) a jelly-l sub/ance4 ,x is ?is t makes x a firm ball4 ,if x 7 empty x w\ld be l a bag4 ,into ! op5 "p ( ?is1 9 front1 is fitt$ a cle> w9d[4 ,! light goes 9 "h4 ,x c n get 9 at ! sides ( ! eyeball1 ?r\gh ! ?ick :ite ( ! eye4 ,sid5ote3 ,its w9d[ & d>k *amb]4 ,?r\gh ?is v cle> w9d[ y c look into ! bag or ball ( ! eye4 ,y c n look ?r\gh ! jelly-l sub/ance t is !re1 & see ! v back ( ! inside ( ! eyeball2 b x is l look+ into a d>k *amb]4 ,! reason t x is s d>k is1 t x is l9$ ) some?+ almo/ black4 ,if ?is 7 n s1 ! eyes w\ld be dazzl$ ) ! light t commonly goes into !m1 j z !y n[ are :5 ! light is v bright inde$4 ,inside ( ! front w9d[ ( ! eye t ,i h told y ab\t !re is a fluid z cle> z wat]4 ,9 ?is fluid y see a sort ( curta9 ) a r\nd op5+ 9 x4 ,?is op5+ is call$ ! pupil ( ! eye4 ,x is n always ( ! same size4 ,:5 !re is a v bright light1 x is small2 b :5 ! light is dim1 x is l>ge1 = !n y want all ! light t y c get 9 t d>k *amb] :]e ! jelly is4 ,y c see ! pupil *ange 9 its size if y look into ! eye ( any "o :ile y br+ a light v ne>1 & !n move x (f quickly4 ,sid5ote3 ,! iris ! curta9 9 ! eye4 ,! curta9 9 :i* ?is op5+ is we call ! iris4 ,x is circul>4 ,its out] edge is fa/5$ all r\nd to ! inside ( ! eyeball4 ,! wat]y fluid1 t ,i told y is inside ( ! w9d[ ( ! eye1 is on bo? sides ( ?is curta94 ,x w\ld n d to h ! jelly "h1 = ! curta9 w\ld n move easily 9 t 9 *ang+ ! size ( its op5+4 ,sid5ote3 ,! pupil a r\nd op5+ 9 x4 ,! iris is1 y "k1 ( diff]5t colors 9 diff]5t p]sons4 ,:5 x is blue1 we say t ! p]son has a blue eye2 & if x is q d>k1 we say t he has a black eye2 & s ( o!r colors4 ,?is curta9 makes ! eye v beautiful2 b its *ief use is1 z y see1 to regulate ! quantity ( light t goes into ! eye4 ,:5 !re is a great deal ( light1 ! curta9 is drawn 9 su* a way z to h ! r\nd op5+ v small2 b :5 !re is little light1 x is drawn s z to make ?is op5+ l>ge4 ,?is curta9 mu/ be made v nicely1 or x w\ld be puck]$ :5 ! op5+ 9 x is *ang$ 9 ?is way4 ,no man c\ld make a curta9 ( ?is %ape1 & h x "w l ?is3 x w\ld be a v awkw>d ?+ if he %\ld und]take x4 ,he c\ld n possibly make x s t ! r\nd op5+ 9 x c\ld be made small] & l>g] )\t wr9kl+4 ,b look at ?is beautiful curta9 9 ! eye1 & see h[ smoo? x is1 & h[ p]fectly r\nd its edge keeps1 z ! size ( ! pupil is *ang$4 ,did y ev] see any ?+ "w m prettily & easily ?an ?is does8 ,sid5ote3 ,! pupil 9 ! eye ( ! cat & ! horse4 ,! op5+ 9 ! curta9 is diff]5t 9 diff]5t animals4 ,9 _/ ! cat x is ( ?is %ape 7 72 9 ! horse x is %ap$ 9 ?is 7 7 7 7 _/ way _/ 7 74 ,y c see ! diff]5ce 9 ! size _/ ( ! cat's pupil 9 diff]5t lights3 if y look at h] eyes 9 a bright sunlight1 & !n aga9 9 ! ev5+1 y w see t x is v mu* l>g] 9 ! ev5+ ?an x is 9 ! day4 ,:5 77 ! sun is v bright1 h] pupil is a m]e *9k1 l ?is 772 b 77 77 77 _/ _/ 9 ! ev5+ x is v wide op51 %ap$ 9 ?is way 7 74 7 7 _/ _/ ,sid5ote3 ,! images 9 ! eye's d>k *amb]4 ,b ,i h n yet told y h[ y see4 ,x is done 9 ?is way4 ,! light t goes 9 ?r\gh ! pupil makes an image or picture !re ( e ?+ t is be=e ! eye4 ,x makes ! image on a v ?9 %eet spread out on ! back "p ( ! d>k *amb] :]e ! jelly is2 x is j z light makes images ( ?+s 9 a look+-glass1 or 9 ! smoo?1 /ill wat]2 ! only diff]5ce is1 t ! image or picture 9 ! eye is v small4 ,:5 y see a tree pictur$ 9 ! /ill wat]1 ! picture is z l>ge z ! tree itself2 b ! picture t ! light makes ( ! tree 9 t d>k *amb] ( y\r eye is v small4 ,! picture 9 y\r eye ( a :ole l&scape1 ) all its trees1 h\ses1 hills1 etc41 does n cov] ov] a space l>g] ?an a t5 c5t piece4 ,b h[ does ! m9d 9 ! bra9 "k any ?+ ab\t ^! pictures8 ,x kn[s ab\t !m by means ( a n]ve1 t goes f ! bra9 to ! eye1 & is spread out :]e ! pictures or images are made4 ,x w\ld d no good to h ! pictures made 9 ! eye1 if ! n]ve c\ld n tell ! m9d ab\t !m4 ,! eye might be p]fect1 & yet !re might n be any see+4 ,x is z necess>y to h ! n]ve 9 good ord] z x is ! eye itself4 ,x is n y\r eye t sees2 x is y\r m9d1 & 9 see+ x uses bo? ! n]ve & ! eye4 ,sid5ote3 ,:y we h two eyes4 ,y h two eyes4 ,:5 y look at "o ?+1 say a h\se1 !re is a picture ( ! h\se 9 bo? eyes4 ,! two n]ves tell ! m9d 9 ! bra9 ab\t ! two pictures4 ,h[ is ?is8 ,:y does n ! m9d see two h\ses8 ,x is because ! pictures 9 ! two eyes are exactly alike1 & bo? n]ves1 !re=e1 tell exactly ! same /ory2 if !y did n1 !n ! m9d w\ld see two h\ses2 t is1 x w\ld see d\ble1 z x is call$4 ,y c see d\ble by press+ "o eye sidewise :ile y let ! o!r g free4 ,sid5ote3 ,! eyes ( insects4 ,! eyes ( insects are v curi\s4 ,y rememb] :at ,i told y ab\t comp\nd fl[]s4 ,n[1 z 9 a comp\nd fl[] !re are a great _m fl[]s toge!r1 s x is ) ! eyes ( insects4 ,! eye ( a common fly is made up ( ?\s&s ( eyes2 s1 :5 he looks at any ?+1 !re are ?\s&s ( v little images ( x made by ! light 9 ^! eyes1 & ! n]ves tell ! fly's m9d1 9 8 little bra91 ab\t !m4 ,^! eyes are s exce$+ly small t y c n see !m )\t a microscope4 ,h[ f9e1 !n1 mu/ be ! n]ves t g f !m to ! fly's bra96 ,y\r eye is a v wond]ful in/rum5t1 b ,god has put ?\s&s ( !m j z wond]ful into ! head ( ! fly t buzzes ab\t y4 ,x is z easy = him to make little eyes z l>ge ones1 & he c make a multitude z easily z "o4 ,que/ions4--,by :at s5ses does ! m9d le>n ! mo/8 ,:at is ! :ite ( ! eye8 ,:at is x fill$ )8 ,:at is !re 9 ! front "p ( ! eye8 ,:at is said ab\t ! d>k *amb] ( ! eyeball8 ,:at is j inside ( ! front w9d[ ( ! eye8 ,:at is ! pupil ( ! eye8 ,:at is ! iris8 ,h[ is x arrang$8 ,:at is said ( its color8 ,:at is its *ief use8 ,tell ab\t ?is4 ,:at is said ab\t its be+ made nicely8 ,:at is said ab\t ! %ape ( its op5+ 9 diff]5t animals8 ,:at is said ab\t ! cat's pupil 9 diff]5t lights8 ,tell ab\t ! images made 9 ! eye4 ,:at is said ab\t ! n]ve ( ! eye8 ,h[ is x t1 ) two eyes1 y d n see d\ble8 ,:y d y h two eyes8 ,:at is said ab\t ! eyes ( insects8 ,,*apt] ,,xii4 ,,h[ ,,! ,,eye ,,is ,,gu>d$4 ,sid5ote3 ,! eye seldom hurt4 ,! eye1 y "k1 is a v t5d] organ4 ,x is !re=e gu>d$ ?or\ghly1 & x is really v seldom hurt4 ,b notice t x is j :]e x w\ld be likely to be hurt if x 7 n ?us gu>d$4 ,x is "r 9 ! front "p ( ! head4 ,x mu/ be !re = ! m9d to use x 9 see+4 ,& x is mu* ( ! "t op54 ,y w\ld suppose1 !n1 t x mu/ v (t5 be /ruck & hit by ?+s t are ?r[n ab\t2 b x is really v seldom hit s z to be hurt mu*4 ,! p>ts ab\t ! eye are (t5 injur$1 b ! eye itself g5]ally escapes4 ,we (t5 see ! eyelids & ! *eek black & blue f a bl[1 & yet ! t5d] & delicate eye is z s\nd z ev]4 ,p say1 9 su* cases1 t ! eye is black & blue1 b ?is is n s2 ! injury is all on ! outside1 & does n g into ! eye4 ,sid5ote3 ,h[ x is gu>d$ ) ! bones ar\nd x4 ,n[ let u see 9 :at ways ! eye is gu>d$4 ,x is 9 a deep bony socket4 ,!re is bone all ar\nd x except 9 front4 ,!n1 too1 see h[ ! bones /& out all ar\nd x4 ,! bone ( ! =ehead juts ov] x4 ,bel[ & to ! outside /&s out ! *eek bone1 & ! nose is its wall on ! inside4 ,n[ y c see t a bl[ ) a /ick w\ld be v likely to /rike ^u "s ( ^! walls ( bone1 & ! eye w\ld !n escape4 ,!y are real walls ( def5se to ! eye4 ,a /ick c n hit ! eye itself unless x goes ) its end po9t$ to ! eye4 ,x mu/ g 9 ?is way to avoid /rik+ on ^! walls1 or p>apets ( bone1 by :i* ! eye is surr\nd$4 ,b if ! /ick gets by ^! bony walls1 x may n hurt ! eye1 aft] all4 ,p]haps y nev] ?\ght :at use !re is 9 be+ able to w9k s quickly4 ,see :at w9k+ does4 ,x %uts ! eyelids ov] ! eye1 s t no?+ c get into x unless x is some?+ %>p en\gh to pi]ce ?r\gh ! lids4 ,& a bl[ w n hurt ! eye1 if ! lids are clos$1 unless x is h>d en\gh to bruise x ?r\gh ! lids4 ,sid5ote3 ,! w9k+ muscle4 ,h[ quick is ! work+ ( t w9k+ muscle6 ,! mom5t t ! eye sees any ?+ com+ t[>d x t may injure x1 ?is muscle %uts up ! eye out ( sight z quick z a fla%4 ,x h>dly seems z if !re 0 "t = a message to g f ! eye to ! bra91 & !n ano!r back f ! bra9 to t muscle 9 ! lids4 ,b all ?is happ5s4 ,! n]ve ( ! eye tells ! m9d ( ! dang]1 & ! m9d s5ds a message to ! w9k+ muscle4 ,?is is done s quickly t :5ev] p speak ( any ?+ z be+ done v quickly1 !y are v apt to say t x 0 done 9 ! tw9kl+ ( an eye4 ,?is expression is us$ 9 ! ,bible 9 ?is way4 ,sid5ote3 ,! eye's cu%ion ( fat4 ,b ,i h n told y all t ?is w9k+ muscle does4 ,x does some?+ m ?an %ut ! eye 94 ,x pu%es x back 9 its socket1 s t x is a little f>!r out ( ! way ( a bl[4 ,& x does n pu% x "r aga9/ ! h>d bone ( ! socket3 !re is a s(t cu%ion ( fat = x to press ! eye aga9/4 ,& ?is is n all4 ,:5 ! eye sees a bl[ com+1 ?is muscle acts s /rongly t x wr9kles ! sk9 ( ! eyelids1 & pulls d[n ! eyebr[1 & draws up ! *eek1 z y see "h4 ,n[ see h[ ?is gu>ds ! eye4 ,! *eek & ! eyebr[ are br\ght s ne> toge!r t !re is b little room = ! bl[ to get at ! eye2 & ev5 if x does1 ! wr9kl$ sk9 ( ! lids makes a cu%ion ov] x t breaks ! =ce ( ! bl[4 ,y c see t ! bl[ w\ld be mu* m apt to d h>m if ! w9k+ muscle m]ely br\ght ! lids toge!r4 ,z x is1 a bl[ commonly hits on ! eyebr[ or *eek1 or bo?1 :ile ! eye is safe1 %ut up & pu%$ back 9 its cav]n ^u its cu%ion ( fat4 ,to see h[ mu* ! br++ toge!r ( ! *eek & eyebr[ def5ds ! eye1 y mu/ look at "s "o z he =cibly closes ! eye1 z repres5t$ 9 ! figure4 ,& if1 at ! same "t1 y put y\r f+] on ! p>ts1 y w see h[ ! cu%ions :i* all ?is wr9kl+ makes ov] ! eye & ab\t its socket def5d x f h>m4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,! w9k+ muscles raise cu%ions ov] ! eye to def5d x4 ,s y see t n only is ! eye gu>d$ by p>apets ( bone1 b ! busy w9k+ muscle raises up cu%ions on !m :5ev] ! eye sees a bl[ com+4 ,^! cu%ions (t5 save ! bone f be+ crack$1 & 9 ?is way also keep ! eye f be+ hurt4 ,sid5ote3 ,! eyebr[s4 ,( :at use d y ?9k ! hairs on ! eyebr[s are8 ,!y are = good looks1 y w say4 ,b !y are = some?+ m ?an ?is2 !y are a def5se to ! eye4 ,h[ ?is is ,i w expla9 to y4 ,y "k :at ! eaves ( a h\se are = :5 !re is no tr\gh to ! ro(2 !y keep ! ra9 f runn+ d[n f ! ro( on ! sides ( ! h\se4 ,!y make x drop (f to ! gr\nd a little way f ! h\se4 ,j s ! hairy eyebr[s make ! sweat ( ! =ehead drop (f ^u ! *eek1 in/ead ( runn+ d[n into ! eye4 ,! eyebr[s1 !n1 are ! eaves ( ! ro( ( ! eye's h\se4 ,p]haps y w ask :at hurt ! sweat w\ld d if x %\ld run d[n into ! eye4 ,x w\ld be v disagreeable2 &1 besides ?is1 x w\ld irritate ! eye & make x r$4 ,! eye w\ld become inflam$4 ,sid5ote3 ,! eyela%es4 ,! eyela%es1 too1 besides mak+ ! eye look well1 are a def5se to x4 ,y "k t !re are (t5 small ?+s fly+ ab\t 9 ! air :i* we are n apt to see4 ,if ^! fly aga9/ ! eye1 !y g5]ally hit aga9/ ! eyela%es1 & s are prev5t$ f go+ into ! eye4 ,sid5ote3 ,h[ ! te>s def5d ! eye4 ,! te>s1 also1 are a def5se to ! eye4 ,if any ?+ happ5s to get by ! eyela%es into ! eye1 h[ quick ! te>s fl[ to wa% x out6 ,commonly ! gl&1 or te> factory1 only makes en\gh te>s to keep ! eye a little moi/2 b z soon z any ?+ gets into ! eye & irritates x1 ! te> factory sets to "w briskly1 & s5ds d[n ! te>s abundantly4 ,at ! same "t1 ! w9k+ muscle keeps mov+ ! lids1 & g5]ally :at is 9 ! eye is soon wa%$ out4 ,te>s are fl[+ into ! eye all ! "t4 ,if !y did n1 ! eyeball & ! inside ( ! lids w\ld become dry1 & !y w\ld n move easily on ea* o!r4 ,y w\ld h to keep wett+ !m ) wat] to prev5t !m f rubb+4 ,! te> factory1 :i* is j above ! eye1 cont9ually s5ds d[n1 ?r\gh "s little tubes or ducts1 j en\gh te>s to make ! motion ( ! eye & ! lids easy4 ,sid5ote3 ,! s9k-dra9 ( ! eye4 ,sid5ote3 ,9 weep+ ! te>s ov]fl[ _! banks4 ,b y w ask :]e ! te>s t are made g4 ,!y d n commonly run out ov] ! lids1 & !y mu/ g some:]e4 ,i w tell y ab\t ?is4 ,if y look at ! eyelids ( any "o1 y c see 9 ea* lid a little hole at ! end ( ! edge t[>d ! nose4 ,! te>s g into ^! holes1 & d[n ?r\gh a duct t ends 9 ! nose4 ,?is duct may be call$ ! s9k-dra9 ( ! eye1 = ! te>s1 aft] wa%+ ! eye1 run (f ?r\gh x4 ,! two little holes or m\?s 9 ! lids commonly take 9 all ! te>s z fa/ z !y come to !m2 b :5 we cry1 ! te> factory makes te>s s fa/ t ^! m\?s c n take !m all 94 ,! te>s1 !re=e1 ov]fl[ _! banks--! lids--& run d[n on ! *eek4 ,que/ions4--,is ! eye 9 a v expos$ situation8 ,:y is x seldom mu* hurt8 ,are ! p>ts ab\t x (t5 hurt8 ,tell h[ ! bones ab\t ! eye def5d x4 ,( :at use is w9k+8 ,:at is said ab\t ! quickness ) :i* x is done8 ,:at else does ! w9k+ muscle d besides %utt+ ! eye8 ,:at does x pu% ! eye back ^u8 ,:at else does ?is muscle d besides :at has be5 m5tion$8 ,h[ does ?is def5d ! eye8 ,on :at does a bl[ aim$ at ! eye commonly hit8 ,( :at use are ! hairs on ! eyebr[s8 ,:at h>m w\ld ! sweat d if x ran d[n into ! eye8 ,( :at use are ! eyela%es8 ,9 :at ways d ! te>s prev5t ! eyes f be+ injur$8 ,:]e d ! te>s g to f ! eye8 ,:at happ5s :5 "o cries8 ,,*apt] ,,xiii4 ,,he>+4 ,sid5ote3 ,:at s\nd is4 ,:at is s\nd8 ,if y look at a l>ge bell :5 x is /ruck1 y c see a quiv]+ or %ak+ 9 x4 ,if y put y\r h& on x1 y c feel ! quiv]+4 ,x is ?is t makes ! s\nd t we he>4 ,y c see ! same ?+ 9 ! /r+s ( a piano :5 !y are /ruck1 & 9 ! /r+s ( a viol9 z ! b[ is drawn ov] !m4 ,! w9d makes ! music on ! olian h>p 9 ! w9d[ by %ak+ its /r+s4 ,& :5 y speak or s+1 ! s\nd is made1 z ,i h told y be=e1 by ! quiv]+ ( two flat cords 9 y\r ?roat4 ,b :5 a bell is /ruck1 h[ does ! s\nd get to our e>s8 ,! quiv]+ or vibration1 z x is call$1 ( ! bell makes a vibration 9 ! air1 & ?is vibration is cont9u$ along ?r\gh ! air to our e>s4 ,sid5ote3 ,! exp]im5t ( scrat*+ on a log ) a p94 ,! vibration c g ?r\gh o!r ?+s besides ! air4 ,x w g ?r\gh some?+ solid bett] ?an x w ?r\gh air4 ,put y\r e> at ! end ( a long log1 & let "s "o scrat* ) a p9 on ! o!r end1 y c he> x v pla9ly4 ,! vibration made by ! p9 travels ?r\gh ! :ole l5g? ( ! log to y\r e>2 b if y take away y\r e> f ! log y c n he> x1 = ! vibration or s\nd c n come to y s f> ?r\gh ! air4 ,sid5ote3 ,dy+ away ( s\nd4 ,! ne>] y are to :]e ! s\nd is made1 ! l\d] x is2 & ! f>!r s\nd goes1 ! fa9t] x is4 ,x is said to die away z x goes2 t is1 ! vibration becomes less & less1 till1 aft] a :ile1 x is all lo/4 ,x is l ?is3 if y drop a /one into wat]1 x makes little waves or ripples 9 all directions4 ,^! become less & less ! f>!r !y g f :]e ! /one 0 dropp$4 ,x is j s ) ! waves or vibrations ( s\nd 9 ! air4 ,:at is an e*o8 ,x is :5 a s\nd t y make comes back to y aga94 ,x is done 9 ?is way4 ,! vibration /rikes aga9/ "s rock1 or h\se1 or some?+ else1 & !n b\nds back to y1 j z a wave /rik+ aga9/ a rock b\nds back4 ,sid5ote3 ,speak+ tubes4 ,:y is x t a p]son speak+ 9 a build+ c be he>d m easily ?an "o speak+ 9 ! op5 air8 ,x is because ! vibrations are %ut 9 by ! walls4 ,x is = ! same reason t y c he> a :isp] s f> ?r\gh a speak+ tube ext5d+ f "o "p ( a build+ to ano!r4 ,! vibrations are %ut 9 )9 ! tube4 ,!y h no *ance to spread out 9 all directions1 & !y g "r /raight on ?r\gh ! tube4 ,i h ?us told y h[ s\nd is made1 & h[ x goes ?r\gh ! air & ?r\gh o!r ?+s2 b h[ is x t we he> s\nd :5 x comes to our e>s8 ,h[ does ! m9d "k any ?+ ab\t ! vibration ( ! air8 ,?is vibration does n g into ! bra91 :]e ! m9d is2 x only goes a little way into ! e>1 & !re x /ops4 ,x comes aga9/ ! drum ( ! e>1 & c g no f>!r4 ,h[1 !n1 c ! m9d "k any ?+ ab\t x8 ,?is ,i w tell y4 ,! vibration ( ! air goes into ! e> to a membrane fa/5$ to a rim ( bone1 & call$ ! drum1 & %akes x1 & ?is %akes a *a9 ( little bones t are ! o!r side ( ?is drum-head4 ,! la/ ( ^! bones is fa/5$ to ano!r little drum1 &1 ( c\rse1 ?is is %ak54 ,?is drum cov]s an op5+ to "s w9d+ passages 9 bone4 ,^! passages are fill$ ) a wat]y fluid4 ,n[ ! %ak+ ( ! second little drum makes ?is fluid %ake4 ,! n]ve ( he>+ feels ?is %ak+ ( ! fluid1 & tells ! m9d 9 ! bra94 ,sid5ote3 ,! bones ( ! e>4 ,"h are ! f\r little bones t make ! *a9 ( bones 9 ! e>4 ,!y are curi\sly %ap$4 ,! "o m>k$ a is call$ ! hamm]1 & b is call$ ! anvil4 ,! little bone m>k$ c is ! smalle/ bone 9 ! body4 ,t m>k$ d is call$ ! /irrup4 ,?is is ! bone t is fa/5$ to ! second drum--! "o t cov]s ! op5+ into ! w9d+ passages4 ,! vibration t comes to ! fir/ drum is pass$ on by ?is *a9 ( bones to ! second drum4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,! diff]5t vibrations 9 he>+4 ,see1 n[1 h[ _m diff]5t %ak+s !re are = e s\nd t y he>4 ,fir/1 ! bell1 or :atev] x is t makes ! s\nd1 %akes4 ,!n !re is a %ak+ ( ! air4 ,?is %akes ! drum ( ! e>4 ,!n ! *a9 ( bones is %ak54 ,! f>!/ "o ( !m %akes ano!r drum1 & ?is %akes ! fluid 9 ! bony passages4 ,all ?is happ5s e "t t y he> a s\nd2 & :5 y he> "o s\nd aft] ano!r com+ v quickly1 h[ ! vibrations *ase ea* o!r1 z we may say1 z !y g into ! e>6 ,b !y are n jumbl$ toge!r4 ,!y d n ov]take "o ano!r4 ,e vibration goes by itself1 & s ea* s\nd is he>d di/9ct f ! o!rs1 unless ! vibrations come v fa/ inde$4 ,!n !y make "o cont9u$ s\nd4 ,ea* puff ( a locomotive1 :5 x />ts1 is he>d by itself4 ,! vibration ( "o puff gets into ! fluid 9 ! bony passages be=e ! "o t foll[s x2 b z ! locomotive goes on1 ! puffs get ne>] & ne>] toge!r1 & :5 x goes v fa/1 !y are s ne> toge!r t ! vibrations d n g sep>ate into ! e>1 & !y make a cont9u$ s\nd4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,diff]5t sizes ( e>s 9 animals4 ,sid5ote3 ,e>-trumpet4 ,s\nd1 ,i h told y1 spreads 9 all directions 9 vibrations or waves4 ,n[ ! m ( ^! waves ! e> c cat*1 ! m di/9ct is ! he>+4 ,"s animals t ne$ to he> v well h v l>ge e>s4 ,"h is "o1 ! long-e>$ bat4 ,he mu/ he> v well inde$1 = 8 mon/r\s e>s mu/ cat* a great _m ( ! waves ( s\nd4 ,we c\ld he> bett] if our e>s 7 l>g]2 b l>ge e>s w\ld n look well on our heads2 & we he> well en\gh commonly4 ,sometimes1 :5 we d n he> z di/9ctly z we wi% to1 we put up ! h& to ! e>1 z y see repres5t$ on ! opposite page4 ,?is helps ! he>+ by /opp+ ! waves ( s\nd1 & turn+ !m into ! e>4 ,^? :o are v deaf sometimes h an e>-trumpet1 z x is call$4 ,9 us+ x1 ! l>ge trumpet end is turn$ t[>d ! p]son speak+1 s z to cat* ! vibrations1 :ile ! tube "p ( x is 9 ! e>4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,e>s ( rabbits1 de]s1 etc4 ,"s animals c turn _! e>s s z to he> well f diff]5t directions4 ,h[ quickly ! horse pricks up 8 e>s :5 he sees or he>s some?+ t he wants to "k m ab\t2 & !n he c turn 8 e>s backw>d :5 he wants to d s4 ,x is 9 su* timor\s animals z ! h>e1 ! rabbit1 & ! de]1 t we see ! e>s mo/ movable4 ,!y are on ! wat* all ! "t = dang]1 & ! lea/ s\nd t !y he> !y turn _! e>s 9 ! direction ( x4 ,_! e>s1 too1 are l>ge1 s t !y he> v easily4 ,sid5ote3 ,h[ ! e> is gu>d$4 ,i h told y h[ ! eye is gu>d$4 ,! e> is well gu>d$ also4 ,i d n mean its out] "p3 x is ! inn] p>ts1 :]e ! he>+ is really done1 t are s well gu>d$4 ,y rememb] t ,i told y t !re are passages fill$ ) a fluid4 ,! n]ve ( he>+ has its f9e1 delicate fibres 9 ^! passages4 ,!y feel ! %ak+ ( ! fluid1 & tell ! m9d ( x4 ,n[ x is necess>y t ?is "p ( ! he>+ app>atus %\ld be well gu>d$2 = ?is reason1 ^! passages are inclos$ 9 ! v h>de/ bone 9 ! body4 ,sid5ote3 ,h[ ! e>-wax gu>ds ! e>4 ,!n1 too1 ! v entrance into ! e> is well gu>d$1 & 9 a curi\s way4 ,! pipe t leads into ! drum ( ! e> is always op51 & y "k bugs are v apt to crawl into su* holes4 ,:at d y suppose is ! reason t !y d n (t5 crawl into ! e>8 ,!re is some?+ !re to prev5t !m4 ,x is ! wax4 ,!y probably d n l ! smell ( x1 & s1 if !y come to ! entrance1 !y turn ab\t4 ,once 9 a :ile "o goes 91 & !n he is prev5t$ f do+ mu* h>m by ! wax4 ,he is soon cov]$ ) ?is1 & x is s /icky t x keeps him f kick+ v h>d4 ,&1 aft] all1 ?\gh he may cause "s pa91 he c n get at ! delicate "p ( ! ma*9]y ( ! e>4 ,he dies aft] a :ile1 if he is n got out1 & p]haps ! bitt]ness ( ! wax has some?+ to d ) kill+ him4 ,que/ions4--,h[ is s\nd made8 ,h[ does x get to our e>s8 ,tell ab\t ! vibration ( s\nd 9 a log4 ,:at is said ab\t ! dy+ away ( s\nd8 ,:at is ?is l8 ,:at is an e*o8 ,:at is said ab\t speak+ 9 a build+8 ,:at ab\t speak+ ?r\gh a tube8 ,tell h[ we he> s\nd4 ,tell ab\t ! little bones 9 ! e>4 ,:at d ^! bones d8 ,tell :at ! diff]5t vibrations are 9 he>+4 ,:at is said ab\t ! puff+ ( a locomotive8 ,:y d "s animals h l>ge e>s8 ,:y are our e>s s small8 ,:at animals c turn _! e>s diff]5t ways1 & :y8 ,h[ is ! inn] "p ( ! e> gu>d$8 ,tell :at is said ab\t ! wax4 ,,*apt] ,,xiv4 ,,! ,,smell1 ,,! ,,ta/e1 ,,& ,,! ,,t\*4 ,i h told y t mo/ ( :at ! m9d kn[s ab\t ! _w ar\nd x comes to x by ! sight & ! he>+4 ,b x le>ns a great deal by ! o!r s5ses1 & ^! ,i w tell y ab\t 9 ?is *apt]4 ,sid5ote3 ,h[ we smell ?+s4 ,did y ev] ?9k h[ x is t y smell any ?+8 ,y put a rose up to y\r nose1 & ! fragrance is pleasant to y4 ,n[ :at is ?is fragrance8 ,is x some?+ t goes up into y\r nose8 ,y c n see any ?+ come f ! rose4 ,b 9 reality v f9e p>ticles come f x4 ,!y are f9] ?an ! f9e/ p[d]4 ,!y float e :]e ab\t 9 ! air1 &1 z y brea!1 !y g ) ! air into y\r no/rils4 ,e p]fume t y smell is made ( su* p>ticles4 ,b h[ d y ?9k ! m9d kn[s any ?+ ab\t ^! p>ticles :5 !y come into ! nose8 ,x is 9 ?is way4 ,9 ! l9+ ( ! nose are ! f9e ends ( ! n]ve ( smell4 ,^! ends ( ! bran*es ( ?is n]ve are s small t y c n see !m4 ,n[ ! f9e p>ticles t ,i h told y ab\t t\* ^! ends ( ! n]ve1 & ! n]ve tells ! m9d ab\t !m2 & ?is is smell+4 ,! nose is a m ext5sive organ ?an mo/ p ?9k x is4 ,!re are divisions 9 x4 ,^! fold on ea* o!r 9 su* a way t !re is a great deal ( surface 9 ! nose1 & ! ends ( ! n]ve ( smell are all on ?is surface4 ,sid5ote3 ,! smell ( "s animals4 ,"s animals h a v %>p smell4 ,9 !m ! divisions 9 ! nose are v great 9 ext5t1 & s ! n]ve spreads ov] a l>ge surface4 ,! dog1 y "k1 is able to track 8 ma/] by sc5t+ 8 foot/eps4 ,! cat1 too1 has a v quick smell = rats & mice4 ,"s p]sons h a %>p smell = "s ?+s4 ,i h he>d ( a bl9d g5tleman :o c\ld always tell :5 !re 0 a cat any :]e ne> him by 8 s5se ( smell4 ,once he 0 v sure t !re 0 "o ne> by1 ?\gh no "o c\ld see h]2 he insi/$ ^u x t he 0 "r1 & aft] a :ile pussy 0 f\nd 9 a closet ( ! room4 ,!re 0 also a bl9d & deaf p]son :o c\ld di/+ui% betwe5 diff]5t p t he knew by ! s5se ( smell4 ,sid5ote3 ,! enjoym5t af=d$ by ! s5se ( smell4 ,! s5se ( smell af=ds u great enjoym5t4 ,! ,creator has1 = ! purpose ( gratify+ u1 scatt]$ sweet-smell+ fl[]s all ov] ! e>?4 ,^! are all p]fume factories1 z ,i told y 9 ,"p ,fir/1 made by him to give u pleasure4 ,he c\ld h made ! fl[]s & fruits 9 su* a way t !y w\ld h no smell2 b1 9 8 desire to please u & make u happy1 he has giv5 to !m a great v>iety ( pleasant odors4 ,!re are1 x is true1 "s unpleasant smells 9 ! _w1 b ^! are n any ?+ l z common z ! pleasant ones2 & _m ( !m are manife/ly v useful 9 w>n+ u ( dang]4 ,= example1 ! unpleasant odor caus$ by fil? & decay tells1 p :]e ^! causes ( disease are1 s t !y may get rid ( !m4 ,& plants t are poison\s g5]ally h a disagreeable odor1 :i* leads u to avoid !m4 ,sid5ote3 ,h[ we ta/e & h[ we feel4 ,! s5se ( ta/e is ano!r s\rce ( gratification to u4 ,! n]ve ( ?is s5se has its f9e ends mo/ly 9 ! tongue4 ,:at we take into ! m\? t\*es ^! ends ( ! n]ve1 & ! n]ve tells ! m9d ab\t x2 & ?is is ta/+4 ,besides ! pleasure :i* we h f ! ta/e1 ! great use ( ?is s5se is to guide u 9 ! *oice ( food4 ,animals *oose ! k9ds ( food t are prop] = !m1 & !y d x by _! ta/e4 ,!y v seldom make a mi/ake 9 ?is4 ,! s5se ( ta/e1 l t ( smell1 sometimes w>ns u ( dang]4 ,if out food ta/es bad1 we "k t !re is some?+ wrong ab\t x & d n eat x1 & s1 p]haps1 avoid be+ made sick4 ,! s5se ( t\* gives a great deal ( k to ! m9d4 ,?is s5se has a l>ge numb] ( n]ves 9 all p>ts ( ! body1 & !y are mak+ reports cont9ually to ! m9d4 ,especially busy 9 ?is way are ! n]ves ( ! tips ( ! f+]s4 ,x is by ! f9e ends ( ^! n]ves t ! m9d f9ds out h[ diff]5t ?+s feel4 ,x f9ds out :e!r !y are s(t or h>d1 smoo? or r\gh1 etc4 ,^! n]ves 9 ! tips ( ! f+]s are ( great s]vice to ! m9d 9 guid+ x 9 us+ ! muscles4 ,9 play+ ) ! f+]s on an in/rum5t1 ! feel+ 9 ! ends ( !m is a guide to ! m9d 9 work+ !m4 ,s x is ) any ?+ t we d ) !m4 ,y c\ld n d "s ( ! simple/ ?+s if !re 0 no feel+ 9 y\r f+]s4 ,y c\ld n ev5 button & unbutton y\r coat4 ,i %all h m to say ab\t ?is :5 ,i tell y p>ticul>ly ab\t ! h&4 ,sid5ote3 ,! n]ves ( t\* 9 ! sk94 ,! n]ves ( t\* are n plac$ on ! surface ( ! sk94 ,we h really two sk9s1 an out] & an inn] "o4 ,! n]ves are 9 ! inn] sk91 & are cov]$ by ! out] sk94 ,?is out] sk9 is v ?9 except on ! sole ( ! foot & ! palm ( ! h&2 f its ?9ness x is call$ ! sc>f-sk94 ,x is ?is :i* is rais$ :5 a bli/] is drawn2 & p]haps y "k t x does n hurt to prick ?is :5 we want to let ! wat] out2 b if ! ne$le t\*es ! inn] sk91 :]e ! n]ves are1 y feel x v quickly4 ,n[1 :5 y t\* any ?+1 ! n]ves 9 ! inn] sk9 feel x ?r\gh ?is sc>f-sk94 ,?is is s ?9 & s(t t ! n]ves c feel ?r\gh x2 &1 at ! same "t1 x is a good protection to !m4 ,if x 7 n = ?is1 ! n]ves w\ld be affect$ too mu* by ! rubb+ ( ?+s aga9/ !m4 ,!y c\ld n ev5 be> ! air4 ,if y _h no sc>f-sk9 y w\ld be 9 great di/ress all ! "t4 ,y "k h[ mu* pa9 y suff] if y rub (f ! sk91 z x is call$1 any :]e4 ,x is ! sc>f-sk9 only t is rubb$ (f1 & ?is exposes to ! air ! f9e ends ( ! n]ves 9 ! inn] sk94 ,! ends ( ! n]ves ( t\* are 9 r[s on ! tips ( ! f+]s4 ,x is ^! r[s t make ! curv$ l9es t y c see s pla9ly4 ,sid5ote3 ,h[ "s animals feel4 ,sid5ote3 ,:isk]s ( ! cat4 ,!re are no animals t h su* p]fect in/rum5ts ( t\* z our f+]s are4 ,animals t h ho(s1 z ! horse & ! c[1 c n feel mu* ) _! =e feet4 ,!y h _! s5se ( t\* mo/ly 9 _! lips & tongues4 ,! elephant has ?is s5se *iefly 9 ! f+]-%ap$ ?+ at ! end ( 8 trunk4 ,!re is n mu* feel+ 9 ! paws ( dogs1 cats1 etc4 ,! :isk]s ( ! cat are feel]s4 ,!re are n]ves at ! root ( ea* ( ^? long hairs1 s t :5 any ?+ t\*es ! :isk]s ! cat's m9d kn[s x at once4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,feel]s ( insects4 ,insects h feel]s ext5d+ out f _! heads4 ,sometimes !y are v long1 z y see 9 ?is insect1 call$ ! i*neumon fly4 ,we see insects1 z !y are go+ ab\t1 t\* ?+s ) ^! feel]s z we d ) our h&s4 ,bees c "w 9 ! d>k1 9 _! hives1 guid$ by _! feel]s2 inde$1 ! bee w n "w at all if 8 feel]s are cut (f3 he does n seem to "k :at to d ) himself4 ,insects sometimes appe> to tell ea* o!r ?+s by _! feel]s4 ,9 e hive ( bees !re is a que54 ,if %e dies1 ^? t "k ab\t x g ar\nd v quickly1 tell+ ! o!r bees by /rik+ _! feel]s ) _! own2 & ^? t are told tell o!rs1 & ?us ! sad ev5t is soon kn[n all ov] ! hive4 ,que/ions4--,by :i* s5ses does ! m9d get mo/ ( its k8 ,:at is fragrance8 ,h[ does ! m9d "k any ?+ ab\t x8 ,:at is said ( ! ext5t ( ! organ ( smell8 ,:at is said ( ! smell ( "s animals8 ,( ! acute smell ( "s p]sons8 ,:at is said ( ! enjoym5t af=d$ by ! s5se ( smell8 ,h[ are (f5sive odors sometimes useful8 ,:at is said ( ! s5se ( ta/e8 ,:at are its uses8 ,:]e is ! s5se ( t\*8 ,:]e is x especially active8 ,:at d ! n]ves ( t\* 9 ! f+]s tell ! m9d8 ,9 :at way d !y help u 9 us+ ! muscles8 ,tell ab\t ! two sk9s ( our bodies4 ,:y is ! out] sk9 ne$$8 ,:at makes ! curv$ l9es on ! tips ( ! f+]s8 ,:at is said ( t\* 9 animals t h ho(s8 ,:at are ! :isk]s ( ! cat =8 ,:at is said ( ! feel]s ( insects8 ,:at is told ab\t ! bees8 ,,*apt] ,,xv4 ,,! ,,bones4 ,i h told y1 9 ! la/ few *apt]s1 h[ x is t ! m9d le>ns ab\t ! _w ar\nd x by ! s5ses4 ,b ! m9d does some?+ besides le>n4 ,x tells o!rs ab\t :at x le>ns4 ,x does ?is by ! muscles 9 v>i\s ways4 ,:5 y tell any ?+ by speak+1 x is ! muscles ( ! ?roat1 & m\?1 & *e/ t d x4 ,:5 y write1 ! muscles ( y\r h& are tell+ :at ! m9d directs !m to tell4 ,:5 y\r face expresses y\r ?\ghts & feel+s1 x is ! muscles ( ! face t tell :at ! m9d ?9ks & feels4 ,sid5ote3 ,h[ ! m9d uses :at x le>ns4 ,! m9d n only tells ?+s1 b x does ?+s also1 & x does !m by ! muscles4 ,y see a man busily at "w mak+ some?+3 8 muscles are do+ ! "w4 ,! m9d is direct+ !m h[ to d x by ! n]ves t spread to !m f ! bra94 ,h[ does 8 m9d "k 9 :at way to direct !m8 ,x is by k ga9$ ?r\gh ! s5ses--by 8 eyes & e>s4 ,he has se5 p d ! same k9d ( "w & !y h told him ab\t x4 ,8 m9d uses ) ! muscles :at x has le>n$ by ! s5ses4 ,y see1 !n1 t ! m9d makes use ( :at x le>ns by ! s5ses 9 two ways3 x tells ab\t x1 & x uses x 9 do+ ?+s2 & 9 bo? tell+ & do+ x uses ! muscles4 ,our k1 !n1 goes into ! m9d by ! s5ses--!y are its inlets2 b x comes out by ! muscles--!y are its outlets4 ,if a m9d 7 9 a body t _h ! s5ses1 b _h no muscles1 x might "k a great deal1 b x c\ld nev] let any body "k :at x knew1 & x c\ld n d any ?+4 ,! *ief ?+s t are mov$ 9 ! body by ! muscles are ! bones1 & ,i %all tell y ab\t ^! be=e ,i tell y ab\t ! muscles4 ,sid5ote3 ,! jo9ts ( ! bones4 ,:5 y b5d y\r arm1 ! muscles make ! bones 9 ! l[] "p ( ! arm b5d on ! bone 9 ! upp] "p4 ,!re is a jo9t at ! elb[ = ?is purpose2 & !re are jo9ts 9 _m o!r p>ts ( ! body1 s t ! muscles c move "o bone ^u ano!r4 ,^! jo9ts ( ! bones are s contriv$ t !y d n we> out4 ,!y "w nicely ?r\gh a long life4 ,n[ x w\ld be v /range if a jo9t 9 a ma*9e %\ld "w all ! "t = sev5ty or eighty ye>s1 & /ill be almo/ z good z new4 ,no man ev] made su* a jo9t4 ,sid5ote3 ,! oil+ ( !m4 ,y "k t m5 keep oil+ ! jo9ts 9 ma*9]y4 ,if !y did n1 ! jo9ts w\ld soon we> out4 ,:5 ! c>s /op at a /ation1 y see m5 ) t9 vessels oil+ ! boxes ( ! :eels ( ! locomotive & ! c>s1 & o!r p>ts t rub on ea* o!r4 ,! jo9ts ( our bones ne$ no su* c>e f u4 ,we nev] ne$ to oil !m z m5 oil ma*9]y4 ,!y are v nicely made4 ,! ends ( ! bones are tipp$ ) a v smoo? sub/ance1 & ?is is always kept 9 good ord]2 & !n1 too1 ! jo9ts always keep !mselves oil$4 ,h[ ?is is done ,i expla9 9 a book = old] s*ol>s4 ,! bones are ! frame-"w ( ! body4 ,!y are to ! body :at :alebones are to an umbrella1 :at timb]s are to a h\se1 or :at ! ribs ( leaves are1 z ,i told y 9 ,"p ,fir/1 to ! leaves4 ,! bones make ! body firm4 ,y c\ld n /& up if y _h no bones2 y w\ld h to crawl l ! worm4 ,see "o brac+ himself to pull or pu%4 ,! bones are all press$ tightly aga9/ ea* o!r by ! /rong muscles4 ,! bones ( ! body h v diff]5t %apes & sizes4 ,let u look at "s ( !m4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,bones ( ! head4 ,! bones ( ! head1 repres5t$ "h1 make a r\ndi% box4 ,?is is to hold ! bra94 ,"h ! m9d1 ! gov]nor ( all ! ma*9]y ( ! body1 resides4 ,great c>e is !re=e tak5 to gu>d well ?is upp] room ( ! body4 ,its bony walls are made v /rong4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,bones ( ! *e/4 ,look at ?is b>rel-%ap$ set ( bones t make ! *e/4 ,! ribs g r\nd x z hoops d r\nd a b>rel4 ,!y are jo9$ to ! back bone beh9d & to ! brea/ bone 9 front4 ,!y are jo9$ to ! back bone 9 su* a way t !y move up & d[n z y brea!4 ,y c feel !m move upw>d if y put y\r h& on y\r *e/ z y take a full brea?4 ,inside ( ?is b>rel-%ap$ set ( bones are ! he>t & lungs4 ,sid5ote3 ,back bone4 ,sid5ote3 ,b[+4 ,! back bone1 z we call x1 is n "o bone2 x is a *a9 or pile ( tw5ty-f\r bones plac$ "o above ano!r4 ,y c see a "p ( ?is pile or column1 z x is sometimes call$1 9 ! figure ( ! bones ( ! *e/4 ,if x 7 all "o bone1 y c\ld n twi/ y\r body ab\t z y d4 ,& 9 mak+ a b[1 y c\ld n b5d y\r back4 ,y c\ld only b5d y\r head =w>d on ! top ( ! back bone1 & b5d y\r body =w>d on y\r l[] limbs4 ,a v awkw>d b[ t w\ld be4 ,z x is1 :5ev] y make a b[1 !re is a little motion betwe5 ea* two ( ! :ole tw5ty-f\r bones1 & ?is makes ! b[ easy & graceful4 ,p]sons t b[ /iffly d n h en\gh ( ?is movem5t 9 ! column ( bones1 b move x altoge!r1 v mu* z if x 7 all "o bone4 ,sid5ote3 ,position ( ! head4 ,! head re/s on ! top ( ?is column ( bones4 ,:5 y move y\r head backw>d & =w>d1 x rocks on ! topmo/ bone ( ?is column4 ,!re are two little smoo? places holl[$ out on ?is bone = x to rock on1 & ! head has two smoo? rock]s t fit into ^! places4 ,que/ions4--,9 :at two ways does ! m9d use :at x le>ns8 ,) :at does x d ?is8 ,:at are ! inlets ( ! m9d's k8 ,:at are its outlets8 ,:at move ! bones on ea* o!r8 ,:at is said ab\t ! we>+ ( ! jo9ts8 ,:at is said ab\t _! be+ kept oil$8 ,:at are ! bones to ! body8 ,:at is said ab\t ! bones ( ! head8 ,:at ( ! bones ( ! *e/8 ,to :at are ! ribs fa/5$ beh9d8 ,to :at 9 front8 ,h[ _m bones are !re 9 :at is call$ ! back bone8 ,:y are !re s _m8 ,:at does ! head re/ on8 ,:at is said ab\t ! motion ( ! head8 ,,*apt] ,,xvi4 ,,m ,,ab\t ,,! ,,bones4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,bones ( ! arm & h&4 ,"h are ! bones ( ! arm & ! h&4 ,! head ( ! arm bone t goes into ! socket at ! %\ld] is1 z y see1 a smoo? r\nd ball4 ,x fits into a sort ( cup4 ,! jo9t "h is :at we call a ball-&-socket jo9t4 ,! ball turns 9 ! socket v easily 9 mak+ any :irl+ motion ) y\r arm1 z y d :5 y jump ! rope4 ,sid5ote3 ,%\ld] jo9t & elb[ jo9t4 ,! jo9t at ! elb[ is ( a diff]5t k9d3 x is :at we call a h+e jo9t4 ,y c n make any :irl+ motion at y\r elb[ z y c at ! %\ld]2 ! motion is all "o way1 l a h+e4 ,! *ief motion at ! wri/ also is a h+e motion1 z y c see by work+ y\r h& back & =?4 ,!re are two bones1 y notice1 9 ! arm bel[ ! elb[3 ^! roll on ea* o!r 9 su* a way t y c turn ! palm ( y\r h& 9 diff]5t directions4 ,illu/ration ,!re are a great _m little bones 9 ! body ( ! h& & 9 ! f+]s4 ,!re is a v great v>iety 9 _! motions1 s t ! h& c d almo/ any ?+ t y want x to d4 ,i %all h some?+ m to tell y ab\t ?is :5 y come to ! *apt] on ! h&4 ,sid5ote3 ,bones ( ! leg & foot4 ,y h "h ! bones ( ! leg & foot4 ,y see only ! l[] end ( ! /\t ?igh bone1 at ! knee jo9t3 x makes a h+e jo9t ) ! l>ge bone ( ! leg4 ,! motion ( ?is jo9t is only "o way1 backw>d & =w>d1 z y see 9 walk+4 ,! small1 ?ick bone1 call$ ! knee-pan1 is left out 9 ! figure4 ,"o ( ! uses ( ?is bone is to be a %ield to ! jo9t4 ,if y fall d[n 9 runn+1 y are apt to come ^u ! knee1 & ?is %ield keeps ! jo9t f be+ hurt4 ,y see t long1 v sl5d] bone at ! side ( ! l>ge "o3 "o w\ld suppose t ?is w\ld be v easily brok51 b x is n1 because x is s well cov]$ up ) muscles4 ,its l[] end is q ?ick & /rong1 & makes ! out] "p ( ! ankle4 ,! ankle jo9t is a h+e jo9t l t ( ! knee4 ,sid5ote3 ,:y !re are s _m bones 9 ! foot4 ,!re are z _m bones 9 ! foot z !re are 9 ! h&4 ,:y is ?is8 ,y rememb] t ,i told y t ! h& _h s _m bones because x _h to p]=m s _m diff]5t motions4 ,b x is n s ) ! foot2 x does n h mu* v>iety ( motion4 ,!re is "s o!r reason1 !n1 = its hav+ s _m bones4 ,x is ?is4 ,if ! bones ( ! foot 7 all 9 "o1 ! foot w\ld be a v /iff & clumsy ?+2 x w\ld n be spr+y z x is n[4 ,y w\ld make awkw>d "w 9 walk+ & runn+ ) su* feet4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,skeleton ( ! bat4 ,! bones ( diff]5t animals are made diff]5tly1 accord+ to ! "w :i* !y d4 ,^? t d heavy "w h heavy1 /\t skeletons2 b ^? t h only light "w to d h _! bones sl5d]4 ,a bird has a light skeleton1 = x c\ld n fly s well ) a heavy "o4 ,"h is ! skeleton ( a bat4 ,! bones are exce$+ly light & sl5d]1 = x is light & nimble "w t he does 9 fly+4 ,! bones 9 an old p]son are m brittle ?an ^? 9 a *ild4 ,if ! *ild's bones 7 brittle !y w\ld be v (t5 brok51 because he s (t5 tumbles d[n4 ,if old p]sons 7 z c>eless z *ildr5 are1 !re w\ld be brok5 limbs to be tak5 c>e ( 9 almo/ e h\se4 ,!y w\ld n get (f ) a %ort cry+ spell & a bruise1 z *ildr5 commonly d :5 !y h a fall4 ,sid5ote3 ,! bones ( a *ild's head4 ,!re is "o contrivance 9 ! *ild's head t prev5ts ! bones f break+ 9 its frequ5t falls4 ,9 ! gr[n p]son ! bones ( ! head are fa/5$ tightly toge!r1 & are almo/ l "o bone4 ,b x is n s ) ! *ild4 ,9 an infant's head !y are v loose1 & y c feel q a space betwe5 ! bones at ! top ( 8 =ehead4 ,n[1 :5 ! *ild falls & hits 8 head1 ! loose bones give & d n break4 ,?\gh ! tee? are l ! bones1 !y are diff]5t f !m 9 "o ?+4 ,! bones gr[ ) ! re/ ( ! body1 b ! tee? nev] gr[ any l>g] ?an !y are at fir/4 ,:5 ! too? fir/ pu%es up ?r\gh ! gum1 x is z l>ge z x ev] w be4 ,look at ! reason ( ?is4 ,! outside ( ! too?--! enamel1 z x is call$--is made v h>d4 ,x ne$s to be s1 t ! too? may d its "w well4 ,su* a h>d sub/ance1 :5 once made1 is f9i%$4 ,x nev] c gr[4 ,no blood c get into x to make x gr[1 z x c into ! bones4 ,sid5ote3 ,:y we h two sets ( tee?4 ,& n[ y see ! reason t e p]son has two sets ( tee?4 ,if ! tee? t "o has :5 a *ild %\ld rema9 9 8 head1 !y w\ld be too small = him :5 he became an adult2 & z ! jaws grew !y w\ld become q f> ap>t1 & s w\ld look v /range4 ,to get rid ( ^! difficulties1 ! fir/ set beg9 to be %$ ab\t ! sev5? ye>1 & a new set ( l>g] tee? take _! places4 ,z ! new tee? are n only l>g]1 b are m 9 numb]1 !y fill up all ! room design$ = !m 9 ! enl>g$ jaws4 ,sid5ote3 ,skeletons ( crabs & lob/]s4 ,all ! bones ( our bodies are inside1 & are cov]$ ) muscles1 cords1 & ligam5ts2 & ov] all is ! sk94 ,b ! bones ( "s animals are outside4 ,?is is ! case ) crabs & lob/]s4 ,_! bones make a sort ( coat ( mail to def5d ! s(t p>ts f be+ injur$4 ,! h>d coats ( _m insects also may be consid]$ z _! skeletons4 ,sid5ote3 ,h[ !y are %$ e ye>4 ,su* animals z crabs & lob/]s h new skeletons e ye>4 ,! old skeletons are too small = _! gr[+ bodies1 & s !y mu/ be ca/ (f4 ,! animal crawls into a retir$ place to g ?r\gh ! op]ation4 ,x is pa9ful1 & sometimes proves ev5 fatal4 ,he makes a great ef=t1 & ! %ell comes ap>t4 ,he !n1 by h>d /ruggl+1 pulls himself out4 ,he n[ keeps /ill a few days 9 8 retirem5t1 & ano!r case or skeleton1 z h>d z ! old "o1 is =m$4 ,:5 he comes out ) 8 new armor on1 he is z brave & z ready to fight z ev]4 ,que/ions4--,:at is said ab\t ! %\ld] jo9t8 ,! elb[ jo9t8 ,! wri/8 ,h[ is x t y c turn ! palm ( ! h& "o way & ano!r8 ,:y are !re s _m little bones 9 ! h&8 ,:at is said ab\t ! knee jo9t8 ,:at is "o ( ! uses ( ! knee-pan8 ,:at is said ab\t ! sl5d] bone 9 ! leg8 ,:at ab\t ! ankle jo9t8 ,:y are !re s _m bones 9 ! foot8 ,:at is said ( ! diff]5ce 9 brittl5ess betwe5 ! bones ( ! old & ( ! "y8 ,:at is said ab\t ! bones 9 a *ild's head8 ,h[ are ! tee? unlike ! bones8 ,:y d we h two sets ( tee?8 ,:at is said ab\t ! bones ( "s animals8 ,:at is relat$ ( crabs & lob/]s8 ,,*apt] ,,xvii4 ,,! ,,muscles4 ,i h already told y "s ?+s ab\t ! muscles4 ,!re is no motion 9 ! body t is n made by !m4 ,!y move ! bones1 & !y move o!r p>ts also1 z ! tongue1 ! corn]s ( ! m\?1 ! eyes1 ! eyelids1 etc4 ,sid5ote3 ,h[ ! muscles act4 ,b y w want to "k h[ !y d ?is4 ,/ret* a /rip ( ,india-rubb] ) y\r h&s4 ,n[ let x g1 & x w %ort5 itself4 ,:5 a muscle pulls a bone1 x %ort5s itself j z ?is /rip ( ,india-rubb] does4 ,b ! cause ( its %ort5+ itself is diff]5t4 ,! m9d makes ! muscle %ort54 ,y ?9k to b5d y\r arm2 &1 z quick z ?\ght1 some?+ goes by n]ves to ! muscle t c d ?is1 & x %ort5s itself & b5ds ! arm4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,! muscles t b5d & /raight5 ! arm4 ,"h is a figure t %[s ! muscle t b5ds ! arm1 & also ! muscle t /raight5s x out4 ,all ! o!r muscles ( ! arm are left out1 s t y may see j h[ ^! op]ate4 ,look at ! muscle m>k$ a3 y c see t :5 ?is %ort5s itself x mu/ pull up ! =e>m1 t is1 t "p ( ! arm :i* is bel[ ! elb[4 ,! muscle b has a contr>y effect4 ,! end ( ?is muscle is fa/5$ to ! po9t ( ! elb[1 & :5 x %ort5s x pulls ! =e>m d[n & /raight5s ! arm4 ,:5 a muscle %ort5s itself1 x swells out & becomes h>d4 ,/raight5 y\r arm1 & !n take hold ( x ) y\r o!r h& a little above ! elb[2 n[ b5d up y\r arm z =cibly z y c1 & y w feel ! muscle on ! front ( ! arm swell out & h>d5 z y hold y\r h& ^u x4 ,sid5ote3 ,color ( muscles 9 diff]5t animals4 ,! muscles are ! fle%y "p ( ! body4 ,! meat ( animals is made up ( muscles4 ,!y are n ( ! same color 9 all animals4 ,9 "s !y are q r$1 :ile 9 o!rs !y are ( a light color4 ,beef--! meat ( ! ox or ! c[--is1 y "k1 a deep r$1 & is v diff]5t f ! meat ( a f[l4 ,! muscles ( fi%es are g5]ally v light 9 color4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,muscles t move ! f+]s4 ,y\r arm bel[ ! elb[ is v fle%y4 ,mo/ ( ! muscles t move ! f+]s1 z well z ^? t move ! h&1 are !re4 ,take hold ( t "p ( ! arm ) y\r o!r h& :ile y "w ! f+]s back & =?1 & y w feel ! muscles z !y %ort5 !mselves to pull ! f+]s4 ,"h is a figure %[+ ! muscles 9 ?is fle%y "p ( ! arm4 ,y see t !y are q l>ge4 ,! wri/ is v sl5d]4 ,!re are no muscles !re2 !re are bright1 %9+1 smoo? cords !re1 t run f ! muscles to ! f+]s4 ,! muscles pull ! f+]s by ^! cords j z m5 pull any ?+ by ropes4 ,y c see ! play ( ^! cords v pla9ly on ! back ( ! h& ( a ?9 p]son z ! f+]s are work$4 ,sid5ote3 ,muscles 9 ! h&4 ,!re are only "s v small muscles 9 ! h&1 z ^? t spread ! f+]s out1 & ^? t br+ !m toge!r aga94 ,if y "w y\r f+]s 9 ?is way1 y w see t ! muscles1 :i* d su* light "w1 ne$ n be l>ge & /rong4 ,! muscles t d ! h>d "w ( ! h& are up 9 ! arm4 ,!y are v l>ge4 ,if !y 7 n1 y c\ld n grasp ?+s s tightly1 & pull s h>d z y sometimes d4 ,sid5ote3 ,! r\nd fullness ( ! arm4 ,n[ see :y x is t ^! l>ge muscles are put s f> away f :]e !y d _! "w4 ,if !y 7 put 9 ! h&1 !y w\ld make x a l>ge & clumsy ?+4 ,!y are !re=e put up 9 ! arm1 :]e !re is room = !m1 & !y h small1 b v /rong cords by :i* !y pull ! f+]s4 ,!y give to ! arm t r\nd fullness t makes its %ape s beautiful4 ,sid5ote3 ,drum-/ick ( ! f[l4 ,y c see ! same k9d ( arrangem5t 9 ! drum-/ick1 z x is call$1 ( ! f[l4 ,! l>ge muscles t "w ! claws are up 9 ! full1 r\nd "p ( ! leg1 & !re are small1 /\t cords t ext5d f !m d[n to ! claws4 ,*ildr5 (t5 amuse !mselves ) pull+ ^! cords 9 ! drum-/ick ( a f[l1 mak+ ! claws move j z !y are mov$ by ! muscles ( ! animal :5 he is alive4 ,sid5ote3 ,muscles ( ! toes4 ,x is ) ! muscles t move ! toes z x is ) ^? t move ! f+]s4 ,!y are put mo/ly up 9 ! leg1 & _! sl5d] t5dons1 by :i* !y pull1 g d[n ov] ! ankle to ! toes1 j z 9 ! arm ! t5dons g ov] ! wri/ to ! f+]s4 ,if ! muscles ( ! toes 7 all put 9 ! foot1 !y w\ld make x v clumsy1 & at ! same "t ! leg w\ld be ugly f ! want ( t fullness :i* x n[ has4 ,sid5ote3 ,ligam5ts ( ! wri/ & ! ankle4 ,bo? at ! wri/ & ! ankle ! t5dons are b\nd d[n v tightly4 ,if ?is 7 n s !y w\ld be always fly+ out ( place1 /ret*+ out ! sk9 be=e !m 9 ridges4 ,?is w\ld be ! case especially ) ! t5dons t g to ! toes4 ,e "t t ! muscles pull$ on !m1 !y w\ld />t out v mu* at ! b5d ( ! ankle if !y 7 n firmly held by ! ligam5ts4 ,! muscles are ( _m %apes--r\nd1 flat1 long1 %ort1 etc4 ,!y are %ap$ to suit ! "w :i* !y are to d4 ,!y v>y mu* 9 size also4 ,"s are v l>ge1 & "s are exce$+ly small4 ,h[ l>ge are ! muscles ( ! arm t wield ! hamm] & ! axe6 ,b h[ small are ! muscles t "w ! musical cords 9 y\r ?roat :5 y speak or s+6 ,^! little muscles make all ! diff]5t notes ( ! voice by pull+ on ^! cords1 & 9 do+ ?is _m ( _! motions are exce$+ly slight4 ,sid5ote3 ,muscles 9 ! e>4 ,y rememb] t 9 ! *apt] on ! he>+ ,i told y ab\t ! little bones 9 ! e>4 ,^! h "s v little muscles :i* move !m4 ,! bones & ! muscles1 a & b1 are repres5t$ 9 ! foll[+ figure4 ,! muscles1 y see1 h t5dons or cords to pull by1 9 ! same way t ! muscles 9 ! arm h4 ,bo? ! bones & ! muscles are l>g] 9 ?is figure ?an !y are 9 ! body4 ,z ! bones are ! smalle/ ones t we h1 s x is ) ! muscles4 ,v small ma*9]y is ?is "p ( ! he>+ ma*9]y4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,l>ge & small muscles 9 birds4 ,! birds t g swiftly on _! w+s h v l>ge muscles to "w !m4 ,?is gives !m ! full1 r\nd brea/ :i* y see t !y h4 ,b ! muscles t "w ! musical cords 9 _! little ?roats1 z !y s+ s sweetly1 are s small t x is difficult to f9d !m4 ,que/ions4--,by :at is all motion 9 ! body made8 ,:at d ! muscles move8 ,expla9 h[ ! muscles move ?+s4 ,tell ab\t ! two muscles ( ! arm 9 ! figure4 ,:at is said ab\t ! swell+ out ( ! muscles z !y %ort58 ,:at is ! meat ( animals8 ,:at is said ab\t ! color ( muscles 9 diff]5t animals8 ,:at is said ( ! muscles 9 ! arm bel[ ! elb[8 ,:at is said ( ! wri/8 ,:at ( ! muscles 9 ! h&8 ,:y are mo/ ( ! muscles t move ! f+]s put up 9 ! arm8 ,:at is said ab\t ! drum-/ick ( a f[l8 ,:at is said ab\t ! muscles ( ! toes8 ,:at ab\t ! ligam5ts ( ! t5dons at ! wri/ & ankle8 ,:at is said ( ! %apes ( muscles8 ,:at ( _! sizes8 ,:at are ! smalle/ muscles 9 ! body8 ,:at is said ab\t ! muscles ( birds us$ 9 fly+ & ^? us$ 9 s++8 ,,*apt] ,,xviii4 ,,m ,,ab\t ,,! ,,muscles4 ,sid5ote3 ,numb] ( muscles 9 ! body4 ,!re is a great numb] ( muscles 9 ! :ole body to produce all its motions4 ,!re are ab\t fifty 9 ea* arm & h&4 ,9 ! :ole body !re are ab\t f\r hundr$ & fifty1 & ea* muscle is made up ( a great numb] ( fibres or ?reads1 e fibre hav+ its own "w to d4 ,sid5ote3 ,all connect$ ) ! bra9 by n]ves4 ,n[ all ^! muscles h n]ves t connect !m ) ! bra91 & ! m9d tells !m by ^! n]ves j :at to d4 ,ea* muscle has a great _m little n]v\s ends scatt]$ ?r\gh x e :]e4 ,! message f ! m9d t tells ! muscle to act does n g to ! :ole muscle z "o ?+1 z a message is s5t to a p]son4 ,x goes to ea* fibre ( x1 tell+ t fibre :at to d4 ,e fibre ( ! muscle has its little n]v\s tube connect+ x ) ! bra91 = ! n]ves are bundles ( tubes1 j z ! muscles are bundles ( fibres4 ,& ea* fibre gets its messages f ! m9d sep>ate f all ! o!r fibres by its own tube1 s t ea* fibre is a workman by itself4 ,h[ well ^! workm5 pull toge!r :5 !y all get a message f y\r m9d by _! telegraphic tubes6 ,sid5ote3 ,! endless v>iety ( messages s5t f ! bra9 to ! muscles4 ,commonly x takes sev]al muscles to make any motion1 & sometimes _m muscles act toge!r4 ,:5 ?is is s1 messages are s5t to a great multitude ( fibres 9 ^! _m muscles4 ,?9k ( ?is4 ,raise y\r h&4 ,x is n "o muscle t does ?is1 b _m4 ,y\r m9d has s5t a message to all ! fibres ( ^! muscles1 & !y h all done _! "p 9 rais+ y\r h&4 ,b n[ raise x aga9 a little diff]5tly4 ,a diff]5t message = ?is has be5 s5t to all ! fibres2 & s = all ! diff]5t motions !re are diff]5t messages4 ,x does n seem possible t s _m diff]5t messages %\ld be s5t ?r\gh ! n]ves to ! fibres ( all ! muscles1 & t ^! fibres %\ld obey !m s p]fectly4 ,?is is wond]ful ev5 9 s simple a motion z rais+ ! h&2 b h[ mu* m wond]ful :5 a great v>iety ( rapid motions are made by ! muscles1 z 9 play+ on a piano6 ,h[ busy is ! m9d ( ! play] 9 s5d+ its messages1 "o aft] ! o!r1 to ! multitudes ( muscul> fibres t "w ! arms & ! f+]s6 ,& if he s+s at ! same "t t he plays1 8 m9d is s5d+ messages also to ! muscles ( ! *e/1 & ?roat1 & m\?4 ,& :at adds greatly to ! wond] is1 t all ?is "t t ! m9d is s5d+ out s _m messages1 x is receiv+ messages f ! s5ses4 ,messages are go+ f ! s\nds ( ! piano & ! voice along ! n]ves ( ! e> to ! m9d4 ,!y g also f ! tips ( ! busy f+]s z !y press ! keys4 ,h[ wond]ful t all ^! messages are go+ back & =? s rapidly1 & ! m9d 9 ! bra9 manages !m )\t any confusion6 ,i h told y t !re are "s p>ts besides bones t are mov$ by muscles4 ,diff]5t p>ts ( ! face are mov$ by !m1 & x is ?is t gives x its diff]5t expressions4 ,?us1 :5 y are pleas$ & laugh1 ! muscles pull up ! corn]s ( ! m\?4 ,if y laugh v h>d1 !y pull !m up v mu*1 z y see 9 ! face drawn "h4 ,see h[ ?is face is wr9kl$ "u ! eyes4 ,?is is because ! muscles pull at ! corn]s ( ! m\? s h>d z to pu% up ! *eeks4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,! muscles us$ 9 smil+ & laugh+4 ,:at d y ?9k ! diff]5ce is betwe5 laugh+ & smil+8 ,x is ?is4 ,9 laugh+1 ! corn]s ( ! m\? are drawn up a good deal1 b 9 smil+ !y are drawn up only a little4 ,mo/ p ?9k t ! eyes h a great deal to d ) laugh+ & smil+1 & !y talk ab\t a laugh+ eye & a pleasant eye4 ,b ?is is n correct4 ,x is ^! muscles1 :i* pull up ! corn]s ( ! m\?1 t make ! eye look pleasant & laugh+2 inde$1 laugh+ & smil+ c be done ) ! eyes %ut4 ,we (t5 see a beautiful smile 9 ! face ( ! sleep+ infant4 ,x is because "s pleasant dream 9 8 m9d plays on ! n]ves t g to 8 smil+ muscles4 ,sid5ote3 ,! sad muscles4 ,!re are muscles to pull ! corn]s ( ! m\? d[n1 & ^! make ! face look sad2 & if ! muscles t wr9kle ! eyebr[s act at ! same "t1 ! face is bo? sad & cross1 z y see "h4 ,obs]ve j :at ! diff]5ce is betwe5 ?is face & ! laugh+ face on ! opposite page4 ,! diff]5ce is m]ely 9 ! corn]s ( ! m\? & 9 ! eyebr[s4 ,9 ?is face ! two wr9kl]s ( ! eyebr[s are 9 action1 & s are ! two muscles t pull d[n ! corn]s ( ! m\?4 ,f\r small muscles1 !n1 make ?is face sad & cross4 ,b 9 ! laugh+ face ! eyebr[-wr9kl]s are quiet1 & ! corn]s ( ! m\? are pull$ up in/ead ( be+ pull$ d[n4 ,x is ! two little muscles t pull up ! corn]s ( ! m\? t d all ! laugh+ 9 ! face4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 8,d[n 9 ! m\?40 ,y h (t5 he>d ! expressions1 8,he _h a d[n look10 & 8,8 c\nt5ance fell40 ,^! ref] to ! effect produc$ by sadness on ! corn]s ( ! m\?4 ,?is expla9s also ! mean+ ( ! common expression1 8,d[n 9 ! m\?40 ,sid5ote3 ,! pr\d muscle4 ,!re is a c]ta9 muscle call$ ! pr\d muscle4 ,x pu%es up ! "u lip4 ,x is *iefly by ?is t p\t+1 t ugly expression s common ) "s *ildr51 is done4 ,:5 ! eyebr[-wr9kl]s act at ! same "t1 !re is sc[l+ ) ! p\t+1 & !n ! face is v ugly4 ,i besee* ( y n to get into ! habit ( us+ ^! cross muscles4 ,keep always pleasant & k9d1 & !n ^? nice little muscles t draw up ! corn]s ( ! m\? w always be ready to light up y\r face ) a *e]fulness t %all be pleasant to look ^u4 ,sid5ote3 ,sn>l+ muscles4 ,sid5ote3 ,! smil+ ( ! dog4 ,!re are "s animals t h c]ta9 muscles 9 ! face t we h n4 ,^! are ! sn>l+ muscles4 ,!y pull up ! lip at ! sides ( ! m\? s z to %[ ! long1 te>+ tee?4 ,y see !m 9 op]ation 9 ! dog1 ! tig]1 etc41 :5 !y are angry4 ,no animal b man has 9 ! face ei!r ! fr[n+1 or ! sad1 or ! smil+ muscles4 ,p]haps y w say t ! dog smiles :5 he is pleas$ & looks up at 8 ma/]4 ,he smiles1 x is true1 b he does x only ) 8 wagg+ tail1 = he has no muscles 9 8 face to d x )4 ,sid5ote3 ,! *ief muscles ( expression4 ,h[ wond]ful is ! v>iety ( expression 9 ! human face6 ,& yet all is caus$ by a few muscles1 & ! pr9cipal ones are ^? t draw up & draw d[n ! corn]s ( ! m\?1 & ^? t wr9kle ! eyebr[s4 ,que/ions4--,h[ _m muscles are !re 9 ! arm & h&8 ,h[ _m 9 ! :ole body8 ,:at is ea* muscle made up (8 ,:at is said ( ! fibres8 ,is x common = a motion to be made by "o muscle alone8 ,:at is said ab\t rais+ ! arm 9 diff]5t ways8 ,:at is said ab\t ! v>iety ( rapid motions t are sometimes p]=m$8 ,:at gives ! face its diff]5t expressions8 ,h[ is laugh+ done8 ,:at makes ! wr9kl+ "u ! eyes 9 laugh+8 ,:at is ! diff]5ce betwe5 laugh+ & smil+8 ,has ! eye any ?+ to d ) !m8 ,:at is said ab\t ! sad muscles8 ,:at ab\t ! cross ones8 ,:at is ! diff]5ce betwe5 a cross & sad face & a laugh+ "o8 ,:at is said ab\t c]ta9 expressions 9 common use8 ,:at is said ab\t ! muscles ( expression 9 ! face ( animals8 ,:at is said ( ! v>iety ( expression 9 ! human face8 ,,*apt] ,,xix4 ,,! ,,bra9 ,,& ,,n]ves ,,9 ,,animals4 ,sid5ote3 ,! bra9 ! m9d's c5tral work%op4 ,i h told y h[ y\r m9d le>ns ab\t ! _w ar\nd y1 & h[ x makes use ( its k by means ( ! ma*9]y ( y\r body--! muscles1 bones1 etc4 ,y\r m9d is 9 ! bra91 & uses ! bra9 to ?9k )2 & f ! bra9 bran* out all ! n]ves by :i* x works all ! v>i\s ma*9]y ( ! body4 ,y\r bra91 !n1 may be consid]$ ! c5tral work%op ( y\r m9d2 or x is l an eng9e-room ( a factory1 :]e ! eng9e is t keeps ! ma*9]y 9 o!r p>ts ( ! build+ 9 motion4 ,sid5ote3 ,h[ animals le>n4 ,! diff]5t animals h a bra9 & n]ves j z y h1 & _! m9ds 9 _! bra9s le>n ab\t ?+s ar\nd !m4 ,!y d n le>n s mu* z y\r m9d does1 x is true2 b !y really d le>n4 ,if y look at a kitt5 :5 x is fir/ born1 x is v mu* l a baby4 ,x does n "k any ?+4 ,b1 l ! baby1 x kn[s m & m e day1 & :5 x gets to be a cat x kn[s a great deal2 & all t x kn[s has come to its m9d 9 ! same way z :at y "k has come into y\r m9d4 ,x has come 9 ?r\gh its s5ses4 ,all its k came 9 at its eyes & e>s1 etc41 & got to its bra9 by ! n]ves4 ,sid5ote3 ,! m9d ( a kitt5 z x plays4 ,! m9d 9 animals1 too1 uses ! muscles 9 ! same way t y\r m9d does4 ,wat* a kitt5 at play4 ,! muscles t move h] paws are direct$ by h] m9d 9 ! bra9 by means ( ! n]ves4 ,z %e pokes at ! ?+ t y hold out to h]1 ! n]ves ( h] eyes are tell+ ! m9d 9 ! bra9 all ! "t ab\t ! /r+1 & !n ! m9d is tell+ ! muscles ( ! paws :at to d4 ,see h] z %e spr+s to cat* ! /r+ t y draw along on ! floor4 ,z %e wat*es x1 messages are go+ f ^? bright eyes to h] m9d 9 ! bra92 & !n1 z %e spr+s1 messages are s5t f h] bra9 to a great _m muscles 9 diff]5t p>ts ( h] body4 ,! m9d tells ! muscles j :5 & h[ to act1 & !y all d exactly z ! m9d tells !m4 ,! m9d ( a cat sets a great deal ( ma*9]y at "w :5 %e makes a spr+ to cat* any ?+4 ,sid5ote3 ,! m9ds & bra9s ( insects4 ,:at ,i h told y ab\t "s animals is true ( all4 ,! little insect t flies out ( ! way :5 y /rike at him has a little bra91 & !re 8 m9d ?9ks ab\t :at x sees1 & he>s1 & feels1 etc41 j z y\r m9d does2 & :5 he flies away s quickly f ! bl[ t 8 eyes see com+1 8 m9d tells ! muscles to make ! w+s g4 ,!re are n]ves t c>ry messages f 8 s5ses to ! m9d 9 8 bra91 & !re are n]ves t c>ry messages f 8 bra9 to 8 muscles1 z !re are 9 y4 ,! bra9 is v small1 & ! n]ves are v f9e1 b !y d _! "w well4 ,!y make a little telegraph1 b x is a good "o4 ,:at a quantity ( ?9k+ !re is done 9 ! bra9s ( all ! animals 9 ! _w6 ,h[ busy _! m9ds are1 receiv+ reports f _! s5ses1 & work+ all ! ma*9]y ( _! bodies4 ,g out into ! g>d51 & see ! birds1 ! butt]flies1 ! bees1 ! flies1 ! ants1 ! frogs1 ! toads1 & ! worms2 !y are all busy ?9k+4 ,!y c n move )\t ?9k+4 ,x is _! ?9k+ t makes _! muscles move !m4 ,& !y ?9k ab\t :at !y move =4 ,sid5ote3 ,animals t ?9k m ?an o!rs h l>g] bra9s4 ,"s ( !m ?9k m ?an o!rs4 ,! bird ?9ks m ?an ! worm4 ,"s ?9k fa/] ?an o!rs4 ,! humm+-bird1 t d>ts s quickly f fl[] to fl[]1 ?9ks z fa/ z he works4 ,b ! lazy toad is a sl[ ?9k]4 ,8 m9d does n "w ! ma*9]y ( 8 muscles mu*1 & s does b little ?9k+4 ,b ev5 he once 9 a :ile ?9ks quickly4 ,let a fly walk along pretty ne> him1 & he w cat* x ) 8 tongue s quickly t y c n see j h[ he does x4 ,he wat*es ! fly int5tly1 keep+ v /ill all ! :ile2 & :5 x gets ne> en\gh1 he ?ru/s out 8 tongue1 & ! fly is gone4 ,y w\ld h>dly ?9k t s lazy-look+ an animal c\ld d any ?+ s quickly4 ,b he is nimble z a fly-cat*]1 if he is n nimble at any ?+ else2 & v quickly mu/ ! m9d 9 8 bra9 ?9k :5 x is work+ its fly-cat*+ ma*9]y4 ,! m an animal ?9ks1 ! l>g] is ! bra9 z comp>$ ) ! re/ ( ! body4 ,man ?9ks m ?an any o!r animal1 & s he has a l>ge bra94 ,b ! oy/] has h>dly any ?+ t c be call$ a bra91 = 9 8 /ill life1 %ut up z he is 9 8 %ell1 he ?9ks b little4 ,b su* animals z horses1 dogs1 cats1 birds1 monkeys1 etc41 h q l>ge bra9s1 = !y ?9k a great deal4 ,_! bra9s1 h[ev]1 are n1 by any means1 z l>ge z ! bra9 ( man is 9 proportion to ! size ( ! body4 ,sid5ote3 ,! bra9 comp>$ to ma*9]y4 ,?is is z we %\ld suppose x w\ld be4 ,! bra9 is ! ma*9]y ) :i* ! m9d ?9ks4 ,n[1 :5ev] we see a great deal ( ma*9]y toge!r at "w1 we "k t x is because !re is mu* to be done by x2 & :5 we see a small ma*9e t has n _m diff]5t p>ts1 we "k t x is n int5d$ to d mu*4 ,s x is ) ! m9d's ?9k+ ma*9]y4 ,! bra9 ( an animal t ?9ks b little is small & simple2 b ! bra9 ( "o t ?9ks mu* is l>ge & has _m p>ts4 ,?\gh animals d _! ?9k+ ) _! bra9s z we d ) ours1 !re is "s ?9k+ t we d t !y c n4 ,!re are "s ?+s ab\t :i* !y "k no?+4 ,b ,i w tell y ab\t ?is 9 ano!r *apt]4 ,que/ions4--,:at does y\r m9d d ) y\r bra98 ,h[ is y\r bra9 l ! eng9e-room ( a factory8 ,:at is said ab\t ! m9ds ( diff]5t animals8 ,h[ is a kitt51 :5 x is fir/ born1 l a baby8 ,h[ does x le>n8 ,:at is said ab\t ! m9d1 & bra91 & n]ves ( an insect8 ,:at is said ab\t ! quantity ( ?9k+ done 9 ! bra9s ( animals8 ,h[ d "s diff] f o!rs 9 _! ?9k+8 ,tell ab\t ! toad4 ,:at is said ab\t ! size ( ! bra9 9 diff]5t animals8 ,h[ is ! bra9 comp>$ ) ma*9]y8 ,,*apt] ,,xx4 ,,! ,,v>iety ,,( ,,ma*9]y ,,9 ,,animals4 ,y h se5 :at a v>iety ( curi\s ma*9]y !re is 9 our bodies = our m9ds to "w1 besides t :i* is ne$$ to keep ! body 9 repair4 ,b ,i h told y "s ?+s ab\t o!r animals z ,i h gone along4 ,!re is 9 !m also a great deal ( ma*9]y1 & x is diff]5t 9 ea*4 ,! v>iety ( x is wond]ful4 ,y see t ! _w is e :]e full ( _m k9ds ( animals1 mak+ x a v busy _w4 ,i d n believe t y h ev] ?\ght h[ diff]5t !y are f ea* o!r4 ,i w !re=e tell y a little ab\t ?is4 ,sid5ote3 ,ma*9]y 9 ! oy/] suit$ to its wants4 ,see :at a diff]5ce !re is betwe5 man & "s animals4 ,look at ! oy/]4 ,he lives 9 ! wat]1 %ut up 9 8 r\gh %ell4 ,he is no travel]4 ,he has no eyes to see sights )4 ,he has no s5se ( smell4 ,he has ta/e = 8 food1 &1 no d\bt1 enjoys x4 ,he has ! s5se ( t\*2 ?is he ne$s1 bo? to manage 8 food & to gu>d himself aga9/ h>m4 ,z he does n move ab\t1 & has no feet or h&s1 he has b few muscles4 ,he has "o to %ut up 8 %ell tight1 :i* he does :5 he is al>m$4 ,8 bra9 & n]ves are v small affairs1 = he has little use = su* ?+s4 ,!re is little ma*9]y1 !n1 9 an oy/]1 z y comp>e x ) ! ma*9]y 9 y\r body2 & x is simply because he does n ne$ s mu* z y d4 ,if he _h ne$$ m1 ,god w\ld h giv5 x to him4 ,b !re is1 aft] all1 consid]able ma*9]y ev5 9 ! oy/]4 ,he has ma*9]y = dige/+ 8 food4 ,he has circulat+ ma*9]y--a he>t ) its art]ies & ve9s4 ,& he has gills l fi%es1 by :i* 8 blood is air$ by ! air 9 ! wat]4 ,!n he has a few muscles1 "s n]ves1 & a sort ( bra94 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,! hydra--all /oma* & arms4 ,sid5ote3 ,h[ x acts :5 al>m$4 ,look1 n[1 at ano!r animal t has less contrivances 9 him ?an ! oy/]4 ,look at ! hydra4 ,?is is a v little animal :i* is f\nd 9 ponds1 /ick+ to a /raw or /ick by a sort ( suck]4 ,"h is a repres5tation ( x4 ,! small figure %[s x ( its natural size4 ,! l>g] figure %[s x z magnifi$ by ! microscope4 ,?is animal is little else ?an a /oma* ) long arms4 ,we c turn ! body ( x--t is1 ! /oma*1 inside out1 & ! animal w d z well z be=e4 ,! arms are m]ely to cat* ?+s1 z worms & insects1 :i* !y put into ! m\? ( ! /oma*1 m>k$ a4 ,"o ( ! arms is repres5t$ z hav+ caught some?+1 :i* x is ab\t to put into ?is m\?4 ,:5 ! little creature is al>m$1 he ga!rs up all 8 arms ar\nd 8 /oma*1 & looks l a little ball4 ,no bra9 has ev] be5 discov]$ 9 him1 b x is pla9 t he ?9ks "s 9 cat*+ 8 food1 & 9 ga!r+ himself into a ball to escape notice4 ,he probably has a bra9 to ?9k )1 ?\gh x is s small t x is n to be se5 ) ! mo/ p[]ful microscope4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,"o ( ! arms ( ! hydra magnifi$4 ,sid5ote3 ,contrivances 9 animals endless4 ,"h is "o ( ! arms ( ?is animal z se5 ) a p[]ful microscope4 ,x is made up ( little cells or bladd]-l ?+s4 ,h[ x is t ^! make ! diff]5t motions ( ?is arm we d n "k4 ,! two animals t ,i h j told y ab\t are v unlike to man1 b !y are n m s ?an a multitude ( o!rs4 ,! v>iety 9 ! %apes ( animals & 9 ! arrangem5ts ( _! diff]5t p>ts is almo/ endless2 b1 ) all ?is v>iety1 all are alike 9 "s ?+s4 ,all h organs to dige/ _! food )1 & organs to circulate _! blood4 ,all h bra9s to ?9k )1 & n]ves to use 9 f9d+ out ab\t :at is ar\nd !m1 & 9 mak+ _! muscles "w4 ,! v>iety 9 ! contrivances 9 animals is s great1 t :5 "o und]takes to /udy !m1 he cont9ually f9ds some?+ new4 ,& "o ?+ is always true ( ! ma*9]y 9 animals--x is p]fect4 ,x is always exactly fitt$ to d j :at x is made =4 ,no ma*9]y t man ev] made is equal to x4 ,animals are suit$ 9 _! %apes & arrangem5ts to ! way 9 :i* !y live4 ,"s are made to fly4 ,^! h w+s2 & ! w+s exhibit great v>iety1 z y see if y look at ! birds & insects t are s busy 9 ! air4 ,"s animals are made to live 9 ! wat]2 mo/ ( ^! h a broad tail & f9s to swim )1 b "s crawl1 z ! crab4 ,"s float ab\t1 l ! hydra1 & "s lie /ill1 l ! oy/]4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,h[ diff]5t animals move4 ,"s animals walk ab\t on ! gr\nd4 ,man is ! only animal t walks ab\t erect ^u two feet4 ,! bea/s1 y "k1 are f\r-foot$4 ,! monkey is "o ( ! mo/ s+ul> ( bea/s3 he has nei!r feet nor h&s1 b "s ?+s :i* are l bo?4 ,) ^! he is m ( a climb] ?an a walk]4 ,!re are _m small animals t walk on _m feet4 ,& ! snakes1 )\t any feet1 crawl along ! gr\nd4 ,"s animals hop1 z ! frog & toad4 ,"s g by a long jump1 z ! gras%opp]1 & ! tr\blesome little flea1 :i* is "h repres5t$ z magnifi$ by ! microscope4 ,v /rong muscles mu/ ?is animal h to enable x to make su* leaps ) its long1 crook$ legs4 ,!re is great v>iety 9 ! cov]+s ( animals4 ,b ,i w tell y ab\t ^! 9 ano!r *apt]4 ,sid5ote3 ,! organs ( "s animals l ^? ( man4 ,"s animals are mu* m l man ?an o!rs4 ,! bones1 & muscles1 & n]ves1 & he>t1 & bra9 ( "s are v mu* l ! same ?+s 9 our bodies4 ,?is is true ( _m ( ! f\r-foot$ animals4 ,y c !re=e "k h[ ! p>ts ( ! ma*9]y inside ( y look by obs]v+ ! diff]5t p>ts ( animals at ! meat-m>ket4 ,9 a calf's head y c see h[ y\r bra9 looks4 ,its lungs1 or lights1 z !y are commonly call$1 are v mu* l y\rs1 & its he>t is q l y\r he>t4 ,& s ( o!r p>ts4 ,sid5ote3 ,v>iety ( motion 9 man4 ,sid5ote3 ,has m muscles ?an any o!r animal4 ,! m an animal moves1 ! m muscles he has to make 8 motions )4 ,man has m v>iety ( motion ?an any o!r animal1 & s has m muscles4 ,god gives to ea* animal j ! ma*9]y t x ne$s4 ,"s h ma*9]y t o!rs d n h4 ,"s h v little1 :ile o!rs h a great deal4 ,9 our bodies !re is a great v>iety ( ma*9]y1 = our busy m9ds want to "k & to d v _m ?+s4 ,! m9d ( man does m ?+s ) ! h& ?an ) any o!r "p ( its ma*9]y4 ,i %all !re=e n[ g on to tell y ab\t ! h&1 & !n ab\t ^? ?+s t1 9 diff]5t animals1 answ] some:at 9 place ( h&s4 ,que/ions4--,:at is said ab\t ! v>iety ( ma*9]y 9 ! bodies ( animals8 ,:at s5ses has ! oy/]8 ,:y does he h ^!8 ,:at is said ( 8 muscles8 ,:at ( 8 bra9 & n]ves8 ,:y has n ! oy/] z mu* ma*9]y 9 8 body z !re is 9 y\rs8 ,:at ma*9]y has he8 ,tell all ab\t ! hydra4 ,:at is said ab\t 8 bra98 ,:at are 8 arms made (8 ,9 :at ?+s are all animals alike8 ,h[ does ! ma*9]y 9 animals comp>e ) t made by man8 ,:at are ! %apes & ma*9]y ( animals suit$ to8 ,tell ab\t animals t fly--^? t live 9 ! wat]--^? t walk4 ,:at is said ab\t man8 ,:at is said ab\t ! monkey8 ,m5tion "s animals t hop--"s t make a long jump--^? t crawl )\t feet4 ,:at animals are mu* l man1 & 9 :at8 ,:y is !re s great a v>iety ( ma*9]y 9 our bodies8 ,:at "p ( ! ma*9]y d our m9ds use mo/8 ,,*apt] ,,xxi4 ,,! ,,h&4 ,man is ! only animal t has a h&4 ,! monkey has some?+ l a h&2 b1 if y wat* him z he takes ?+s1 y w see t x is a v awkw>d & bungl+ ?+ comp>$ ) y\r h&4 ,sid5ote3 ,! h& a set ( ma*9]y4 ,! h& is (t5 said to be a wond]ful in/rum5t4 ,i w\ld r say t x is a wond]ful set ( ma*9]y4 ,an in/rum5t or tool is commonly fitt$ to d only "o ?+1 z a *isel1 a spade1 a saw1 etc4 ,b h[ _m & h[ diff]5t ?+s c be done ) ! h&6 ,sid5ote3 ,x does bo? co>se & f9e "w4 ,let u look at "s ?+s t ! h& c d4 ,see ! blacksmi? wield+ ! heavy hamm]2 h[ /rongly 8 h& grasps ! h&le6 ,see h[ x is done4 ,! f+]s & ?umb are b5t by ^? l>ge muscles t are up 9 ! arm4 ,n[ ^! same f+]s1 t grasp ! hamm] s /rongly1 & d ?is heavy "w1 c be tra9$ to d "w ( ! lighte/ & f9e/ k9d4 ,!y c take hold ( ! p5 & write4 ,!y c move ! tool ( ! engrav]1 mak+ ^? f9e l9es t y sometimes see4 ,9 ! ma*9es t man makes !re is no su* *ang+ f co>se1 heavy "w to t :i* is f9e & delicate4 ,a ma*9e t does heavy "w does t only1 & "o t does f9e "w does t only4 ,no man ev] made a ma*9e t w\ld pull a l>ge rope "o mom5t1 & ! next pull a f9e ?read1 & d ! "o j z well z ! o!r4 ,b t wond]ful ma*9e1 ! h&1 c d ?is4 ,x c grasp ! rope firmly1 & yet c take betwe5 its ?umb & f+] a ?read s f9e t y c h>dly see x4 ,sid5ote3 ,v>iety ( ?+s done by ! h&4 ,b ! diff]5ce 9 ! "w ( ! h& is n m]ely 9 co>s5ess & f95ess4 ,x c d a great _m diff]5t k9ds ( co>se "w & a great _m diff]5t k9ds ( f9e "w4 ,! h& works v diff]5tly ) diff]5t ?+s4 ,see h[ diff]5tly x manages a rope1 a hamm]1 a spade1 a hoe1 a knife & =k1 etc4 ,x takes hold ( !m 9 diff]5t ways to "w !m4 ,& !n1 z to f9e "w1 h[ diff]5tly x manages a p51 an engrav]'s tool1 a ?read1 a ne$le1 etc4 ,if y wat* p z !y d diff]5t ?+s1 y c get "s idea ( ! v>iety ( ! "w t ! h& c p]=m4 ,see h[ diff]5tly ! f+]s are cont9ually plac$ z "o is play+ on an in/rum5t4 ,y c see v well :at a v>iety ( %apes ! h& c be put into if y obs]ve a deaf & dumb p]son talk+ ) 8 f+]s4 ,on ! foll[+ page is a repres5tation ( ! diff]5t ways 9 :i* ! lett]s are made4 ,sid5ote3 ,! mo/ common ?+s t x does wond]ful4 ,sid5ote3 ,v>iety ( %apes :i* ! h& takes 9 ! deaf & dumb alphabet4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,a button+ ma*9e4 ,! mo/ common ?+s t we d ) our h&s are really wond]ful4 ,wat* "o z he is button+ up 8 coat3 h[ easily 8 f+]s d x2 & yet x is a wond]ful p]=mance4 ,suppose a man %\ld try to make a ma*9e1 %ap$ l ! h&1 t w\ld d ! same ?+1 d y ?9k t he w\ld succe$8 ,x w\ld be v /range if he did4 ,suppose1 h[ev]1 t1 aft] work+ a long "t1 he did really succe$1 & t y saw 8 ma*9e1 ) its f+]s & ?umb1 put a button ?r\gh a button-hole 9 ! same way t y d x ) y\r f+]s4 ,d y ?9k t x c\ld manage buttons ( all sizes1 l>ge1 middle-siz$1 & small8 ,no2 x c\ld only button ^? t are ( "o size4 ,! diff]5t siz$ buttons w\ld require diff]5t ma*9es2 &1 besides1 a ma*9e t c\ld button up c\ld n unbutton4 ,b y\r h& is a ma*9e t1 besides button+ & unbutton+ buttons ( v>i\s sizes1 is do+ cont9ually a great v>iety ( ?+s t ma*9es c n d4 ,no ma*9e c take up a p5 & write1 or ev5 move a /ick ab\t z y\r h& c4 ,:5 "s +5i\s man makes a ma*9e t c d any "o ?+ l :at ! h& does1 x excites our wond]1 & we say1 ,h[ curi\s6 h[ wond]ful6 h[ mu* l a h& x works6 ,sid5ote3 ,! h& an in/rum5t ( feel+4 ,b ! h& is n m]ely a ma*9e t p]=ms a great _m motions2 x is also an in/rum5t ) :i* ! m9d feels ?+s4 ,& :at a delicate in/rum5t x is = ?is purpose6 ,h[ small are ! ?+s t y sometimes feel ) ! po9t ( ! f+]6 ,z y pass x ov] a smoo? surface1 ! slighte/ r\ghness is felt4 ,a great deal ( k1 z ,i told y 9 ,*apt] ,,xiv41 gets into y\r m9d ?r\gh ! tips ( y\r f+]s4 ,messages are go+ f !m cont9ually by ! n]ves to ! m9d 9 ! bra94 ,! bl9d1 ,i h told y1 read ) _! f+]s4 ,!y pass !m ov] rais$ lett]s1 & ! n]ves ( ! f+]s tell ! m9d :at ! lett]s are1 j z ! n]ves ( y\r eyes are n[ tell+ y\r m9d :at ! lett]s are 9 ?is book4 ,sid5ote3 ,! h& guid$ by ! t\*4 ,n[1 :ile ! h& is p]=m+ its diff]5t motions z a ma*9e1 x is g5]ally v mu* guid$ by ?is s5se ( t\*4 ,if y\r h& _h no feel+ 9 x1 x w\ld make awkw>d bus9ess ev5 9 su* a simple op]ation z button+2 & x c\ld n d x at all if y did n look on all ! "t t x 0 do+ x4 ,y\r eye-n]ves w\ld h to take ! place ( y\r f+]-n]ves1 z 9 ! read+ ( ! bl9d ! f+]-n]ves take ! place ( ! eye-n]ves4 ,z x is1 y ne$ n look at y\r f+]s :ile !y are button+1 = !y are guid$ by ! feel+ t is 9 !m4 ,!re 0 once a woman :o lo/ ! use ( "o arm1 & at ! same "t lo/ all h] feel+ 9 ! o!r4 ,%e _h a baby to take c>e (4 ,%e c\ld hold x ) ! arm t _h no feel+1 because %e c\ld "w ! muscles 9 t arm1 b %e c\ld n d x )\t look+ at x all ! "t4 ,if %e look$ away1 ! arm w\ld /op hold+ ! baby & let x fall1 = x c\ld n feel t x 0 !re4 ,9 h] case ! eye-n]ves _h to keep wat* 9 place ( ! arm-n]ves t c\ld n feel4 ,sid5ote3 ,h[ x diff]s f ma*9es made by man4 ,y see t ! h& is diff]5t f ! ma*9es t man makes 9 two ?+s--9 ! v>iety ( ?+s t x c d1 & 9 ! connection :i* x has ) ! m9d by ! n]ves4 ,:ile ! m9d1 by ! n]ves1 makes x d ?+s1 x kn[s by o!r n]ves all ! "t :e!r x is do+ !m "r4 ,see1 n[1 :at are ! p>ts ( ?is wond]ful set ( ma*9]y4 ,!re are 9 ! h& & arm ?irty bones4 ,!re are ab\t fifty muscles1 & all ^! are connect$ ) ! bra9 by n]ves4 ,x is by !m t ! m9d makes ! muscles p]=m all ! v>i\s motions ( ! h& & f+]s1 & !n !re are o!r n]ves t tell ! m9d :at is felt 9 any "p ( ?is ma*9]y4 ,sid5ote3 ,h[ to get an idea ( ! v>iety ( ?+s :i* ! h& c d4 ,i h m5tion$ 9 ?is *apt] a few ( ! ?+s t are done by ! h&1 b !re is no end to ! ?+s t c be done by ?is set ( ma*9]y4 ,y c get "s idea ( ?is 9 two ways--by mov+ y\r h&s & f+]s ab\t 9 all sorts ( ways1 & by ?9k+ ( z _m z y c ( ! diff]5t ?+s t p1 9 "w or 9 play1 d ) _! h&s4 ,& obs]ve 9 h[ _m m ways ! h& is useful ?an ! foot is4 ,! foot has b a few ?+s to d comp>$ ) ! multitude ( ?+s done by ! h&4 ,que/ions4--,:at animal has some?+ l a h&8 ,h[ does x comp>e ) y\r h&8 ,:y w\ld y call ! h& a set ( ma*9]y r ?an an in/rum5t8 ,:at is said ab\t ! f+]s do+ heavy & light "w8 ,tell ab\t ! rope & ! ?read4 ,:at is said ab\t ! diff]5t k9ds ( bo? co>se & f9e "w t ! h& c d8 ,:at is said ab\t play+ on an in/rum5t8 ,:at is said ( ! alphabet ( ! deaf & dumb8 ,:at is said ab\t ! common ?+s done cont9ually by ! h&8 ,:at is said ( ! h& z an in/rum5t = feel+8 ,if y\r h& _h no feel+1 :at w\ld happ58 ,tell ab\t ! woman :o lo/ ! p[] ( motion 9 "o arm & feel+ 9 ! o!r4 ,9 :at two ?+s is ! h& diff]5t f ! ma*9es made by man8 ,:at are ! p>ts ( ! ma*9]y ( ! h&8 ,9 :at two ways c y get an idea ( ! v>iety ( ?+s t ?is ma*9]y c d8 ,,*apt] ,,xxii4 ,,:at ,,animals ,,use ,,= ,,h&s4 ,?\gh animals d n h h&s1 !y h diff]5t p>ts :i* !y use to d "s ( ! same ?+s t we d ) our h&s4 ,i w tell y ab\t "s ( ^! 9 ?is *apt]4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,h[ tee? c s]ve 9 place ( h&s4 ,y see ?is dog dragg+ along a rope :i* he holds 9 8 m\?4 ,he is mak+ 8 tee? answ] 9 place ( h&s4 ,dogs always d ?is :5 !y c>ry ?+s4 ,!y c n c>ry !m 9 any o!r way4 ,y c>ry a basket along 9 y\r h&1 b ! dog takes x betwe5 8 tee?1 because he has no h& z y h4 ,i h told y1 9 ano!r *apt]1 h[ ! c[ & ! horse crop ! grass4 ,!y d x1 y "k1 ) _! front tee?4 ,!y take up almo/ any k9d ( food--a potato1 an apple--) ^! tee?4 ,^! tee?1 !n1 answ] = h&s to ! c[ & horse4 ,_! lips answ] also ! same purpose 9 _m cases4 ,! horse ga!rs 8 oats into 8 m\? ) ! lips4 ,! lips are = h&s to su* animals 9 ano!r respect4 ,!y feel ?+s ) _! lips j z we d ) ! tips ( our f+]s4 ,sid5ote3 ,cropp+ grass4 ,sid5ote3 ,anecdotes ( horses4 ,my horse once1 9 cropp+ "s grass1 took hold ( "s t 0 s /\t & s loose 9 ! e>? t he pull$ x up by ! roots4 ,z he ate x ! dirt tr\bl$ him4 ,he !re=e knock$ ! grass sev]al times aga9/ ! f5ce1 hold+ x firmly 9 8 tee?1 & ?us got ! dirt out1 j z p d out ( a mat :5 !y /rike x aga9/ any ?+4 ,i once knew a horse t w\ld lift a lat* or %ove a bolt ) 8 front tee? z readily z y w\ld ) y\r h&4 ,he w\ld get out ( ! b>ny>d 9 ?is way4 ,b ?is 0 at l5g? prev5t$ by a v simple contrivance4 ,a piece ( iron 0 fix$ 9 su* a mann] at ! end ( ! bolt t y c\ld n %ove ! bolt unless y rais$ ! iron at ! same "t4 ,probably ?is puzzl$ ! horse's bra94 ,ev5 if he und]/ood x1 he c\ld n manage ! two ?+s toge!r4 ,i h he>d ab\t a horse t w\ld take hold ( a pump-h&le ) 8 tee? & pump wat] into a tr\gh :5 he want$ to dr9k4 ,?is 0 9 a pa/ure :]e !re 7 sev]al horses2 & :at is v curi\s1 ! o!r horses1 :5 !y want$ to dr9k1 w\ld1 if !y f\nd ! tr\gh empty1 tease ?is horse t knew h[ to pump2 !y w\ld get ar\nd him1 & bite & kick him till he w\ld pump "s wat] = !m4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,monkeys great climb]s4 ,monkeys h f\r ?+s l h&s4 ,!y are half way betwe5 h&s & feet4 ,) ^! !y are v skillful at climb+4 ,!re are "s k9ds ( monkeys1 z ! "o repres5t$ "h1 t use _! tails 9 climb+ z a sort ( fif? h&4 ,sid5ote3 ,:at cats use 9 place ( h&s4 ,! cat uses = h&s sometimes h] paws1 ) _! %>p claws1 sometimes h] tee?1 & sometimes bo? toge!r4 ,%e climbs ) h] claws4 ,%e cat*es ?+s ) !m--mice1 rats1 or any ?+ t y hold out = h] to run aft]4 ,%e /rikes ) h] paws1 j z angry *ildr5 & m5 sometimes d ) _! h&s4 ,:5 ! cat moves h] kitt5s f "o place to ano!r1 %e takes !m up ) h] tee? by ! nape ( ! neck4 ,!re is no o!r way 9 :i* %e c d x4 ,%e c n walk on h] h9d feet & c>ry !m ) h] =e paws4 ,x seems z if x w\ld hurt a kitt5 to c>ry x 9 ! way t %e does1 b x does n4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,! dorm\se4 ,:5 a squirrel nibbles a nut to make a hole 9 x1 he holds x betwe5 8 two =e paws l h&s4 ,s also does ! dorm\se1 :i* y see "h4 ,sid5ote3 ,! humm+-bird's bill4 ,! bill ( a bird is us$ z its h&4 ,x ga!rs ) x its food to put into its crop4 ,:5 y ?r[ corn out to ! h5s1 h[ fa/ !y pick x up1 & s5d x d[n into _! crops to be well soak$6 ,! humm+-bird has a v long bill1 & 9 x lies a long1 sl5d]1 & v delicate tongue4 ,z he poises himself 9 ! air be=e a fl[]1 8 w+s flutt]+ s quickly t y c n see !m1 he runs 8 bill into ! bottom ( ! fl[] :]e ! honey is1 & puts 8 little long tongue into x4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,! bill ( a duck4 ,! bill ( ! duck is made 9 a peculi> way4 ,y "k t x gets its food "u wat] 9 ! mud4 ,x c n see1 !re=e1 :at x gets4 ,x has to "w altoge!r by feel+1 & x has n]ves 9 its bill = ?is purpose4 ,"h is a picture ( its bill1 %[+ ! n]ves bran*+ out on x4 ,y see1 too1 a r[ ( po9t$ ?+s all ar\nd ! edge4 ,!y look l tee?1 b !y are n tee?4 ,!y are us$ by ! duck 9 f9d+ its food4 ,x manages 9 ?is way3 x ?ru/s its bill d[n1 & z x takes x up x is full ( mud4 ,n[ mix$ ) ! mud are ?+s :i* ! duck lives on4 ,! n]ves tell ! duck :at is good1 & x lets all ! re/ g out betwe5 ! prickles4 ,x is a sort ( sift+ op]ation1 ! n]ves 9 ! sieve tak+ good c>e t no?+ good %all pass out4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,! p[] ( ! elephant's trunk & ! v>iety ( ?+s x c d4 ,"o ( ! mo/ rem>kable ?+s us$ 9 place ( a h& is ! trunk ( ! elephant4 ,! v>iety ( uses to :i* ! elephant puts ?is organ is v wond]ful4 ,x c /rike v heavy bl[s ) x4 ,x c wr5* (f bran*es ( trees1 or ev5 pull up trees by ! roots1 by w9d+ its trunk ar\nd !m to grasp !m1 z y see x is do+ "h4 ,x is its arm ) :i* x c>ries its "y4 ,x is amus+ to see an old elephant c>efully w9d its trunk ar\nd a new-born elephant1 & c>ry x g5tly along4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,! elephant's trunk c d little ?+s z well z great4 ,b ! elephant c also d "s v little ?+s ) 8 trunk4 ,y see 9 ?is picture t !re is a sort ( f+] at ! v end ( ! trunk4 ,x is a v nimble f+]1 & ) x ?is mon/r\s animal c d a great v>iety ( little ?+s4 ,he w take ) x little bits ( bread1 & o!r k9ds ( food t y h& to him1 & put !m into 8 m\?4 ,he w take up a piece ( money f ! gr\nd z easily z y c ) y\r f+]s4 ,x is ) ?is f+]1 too1 t he feels ( ?+s j z y d ) y\r f+]s4 ,i once saw an elephant take a :ip ) ?is f+]$ end ( 8 trunk1 & use x z h&ily z a team/]1 v mu* to ! amusem5t ( ! spectators4 ,! elephant c rea* a consid]able di/ance ) 8 trunk4 ,& ?is is necess>y1 because he has s v %ort a neck4 ,he c\ld n get at 8 food )\t 8 long trunk4 ,obs]ve1 too1 h[ he c turn ?is trunk ab\t 9 e direction1 & twi/ x ab\t 9 e way4 ,x is really a wond]ful piece ( ma*9]y4 ,cuvi]1 a great ,fr5* anatomi/1 says t !re are ov] ?irty ?\s& little muscles 9 x4 ,all ?is army ( muscles receive _! ord]s by n]ves f ! m9d 9 ! bra91 & h[ well !y obey !m6 ,sid5ote3 ,! elephant & ! tailor4 ,y see t !re are two holes 9 ! end ( ! trunk4 ,into ^! he c suck wat]1 & ?us fill 8 trunk ) x4 ,!n he c turn ! end ( 8 trunk into 8 m\? & let ! wat] run d[n 8 ?roat4 ,b sometimes he uses ! wat] 9 8 trunk 9 ano!r way2 he bl[s x out ?r\gh 8 trunk ) great =ce4 ,he does ?is :5 he wants to wa% himself1 direct+ 8 trunk 9 su* a way t ! wat] w p\r ov] him4 ,he sometimes bl[s ! wat] out 9 play1 = ev5 su* great animals h sports l *ildr54 ,sometimes1 too1 he bl[s ! wat] on p t he does n l4 ,y p]haps h read ! /ory ( ! tailor :o prick$ ! trunk ( an elephant ) 8 ne$le4 ,! elephant1 z he 0 pass+1 put 8 trunk into ! %op w9d[1 hop+ t ! tailor w\ld give him some?+ to eat4 ,he 0 angry at be+ prick$1 & 0 det]m9$ to make ! man sorry = do+ su* an unk9d act4 ,z 8 keep] l$ him back pa/ ! same w9d[1 he p\r$ ^u ! tailor 8 trunk full ( dirty wat]1 :i* he _h tak5 f a puddle = ?is purpose4 ,que/ions4--,:at is said ab\t ! dog8 ,:at answ] = h&s to ! c[ & ! horse8 ,tell ! anecdotes ab\t horses4 ,:at does ! cat use = h&s1 & h[8 ,:at is said ab\t ! squirrel & dorm\se8 ,:at is ! bird's h&8 ,tell ab\t fe$+ ! h5s4 ,tell ab\t ! bill ( ! duck4 ,:at is told ( ! humm+-bird8 ,m5tion "s ( ! v>iety ( uses to :i* ! elephant c put 8 trunk4 ,:at is said ab\t ! f+] on ! end ( x8 ,:y does ! elephant ne$ s long a trunk8 ,:at is said ab\t ! muscles 9 x8 ,h[ does ! elephant dr9k8 ,h[ does he wa% himself8 ,tell ab\t ! tailor4 ,,*apt] ,,xxiii4 ,,! ,,tools ,,( ,,animals4 ,sid5ote3 ,man alone makes tools4 ,man is ! only animal t makes tools to use4 ,god has giv5 him a m9d t c contrive tools1 & he has also giv5 him h&s by :i* he c use !m4 ,b he has giv5 no su* m9d to o!r animals1 & !re=e he has n giv5 !m h&s4 ,!y d n "k en\gh to make tools1 & s h&s are n ne$$ by !m4 ,sid5ote3 ,animals h "s k9ds ( tools ready made4 ,b1 ?\gh o!r animals d n make tools1 !y h tools :i* !y use4 ,god has giv5 !m ready made1 z we may say1 su* tools z !y ne$4 ,let u look1 !n1 at "s ( ! tools t we f9d 9 diff]5t animals4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,! tail ( a fi% a scull+-o>4 ,y see a man 9 ! /]n or h9d] end ( a small boat4 ,he is scull+1 z x is call$4 ,he is mak+ ! boat g by work+ ! o> to ! "o side & ! o!r4 ,! o> is ! tool or in/rum5t by :i* he does x4 ,n[ a fi% has an in/rum5t l ?is1 by :i* he goes ?r\gh ! wat]4 ,8 tail is l ! scull+-o> t man has contriv$1 & :i* he uses ) 8 h&s4 ,if y wat* ! fi% z he goes ?r\gh ! wat]1 y w see t he moves x to "o side & ! o!r z ! man does 8 o>2 & :ile he goes ahead by means ( 8 tail1 he uses 8 f9s mo/ly z balanc]s to guide 8 motion4 ,he moves !m r g5tly except :5 he wants to *ange 8 c\rse quickly4 ,:5 he is mov+ along fa/1 & wants to /op1 he makes 8 f9s /& out /raight on ea* side4 ,?is is j z r[]s 9 a boat use _! o>s :5 !y want to /op ! boat4 ,y see a man drill+ a hole 9 a rock1 & y he> ! s\nd ( ! tool z x goes click1 click1 all ! :ile4 ,! woodpeck] has a drill t works 9 ! same way4 ,) 8 bill he drills holes 9 ! trees1 & y he> ! s\nd ( 8 tool z y d t ( ! tool ( ! rock-bla/]4 ,x is a sort ( knock+ s\nd repeat$ _m times v quickly4 ,sid5ote3 ,! drill ( ! woodpeck]4 ,:at d y ?9k t ! woodpeck] drills holes =8 ,x is to get at worms & insects1 :i* he eats4 ,^! are 9 ! b>k & wood ( dead trunks & bran*es ( trees4 ,! woodpeck] kn[s ?is1 & s drills to f9d !m4 ,he does n drill into live b>k & wood1 = he kn[s t !re are g5]ally no worms or insects !re4 ,b ! woodpeck]'s in/rum5t is some?+ m ?an a drill4 ,x is a drill ) ano!r in/rum5t inside ( x4 ,?is in/rum5t is = pull+ out ! insect or worm t he f9ds 9 drill+4 ,x is %[n 9 ! foll[+ figure4 ,x is a v long1 /raight tongue1 & ends 9 a bony ?orn4 ,?is is1 z y see1 arm$ ) %>p tee? po9t+ backw>d1 l ! b>bs ( a fi%-hook4 ,"h are1 !n1 two in/rum5ts or tools toge!r4 ,& ! way t ! woodpeck] manages !m is ?is3 :ile he is drill+1 ! two p>ts ( ! bill are clos$ toge!r1 mak+ a good w$ge-po9t$ drill1 & at ! same "t a snug case = ! insect-cat*]4 ,z soon z he comes to an insect he op5s ! drill1 & pu%es ! b>b$ end ( 8 long tongue into ! insect1 & draws him into 8 m\?4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,tongue & claws ( ! woodpeck]4 ,z ! woodpeck] has to /rike s h>d 9 drill+1 ! bones ( 8 skull are made v heavy & /rong4 ,if ?is 7 n s1 8 drill+ w\ld j> 8 bra9 too mu*4 ,& ano!r ?+ is to be obs]v$3 :ile he is drill+ he ne$s to /& v firmly4 ,he mu/ hold on tightly to ! tree1 or he w slip z soon z he beg9s to drill4 ,he has1 !re=e1 su* claws z y see "h to hold on )4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,digg+ tools ( ! elephant1 ! h51 & ! pig4 ,"s animals h tools to dig )4 ,! elephant1 y "k1 has long1 /rong tusks4 ,^! he uses 9 digg+ up roots ( diff]5t k9ds f ! gr\nd to eat4 ,! h5 digs 9 a small way ) ! claws ( h] feet1 to f9d gra9s & o!r k9ds ( food t happ5 to be m+l$ ) ! e>?4 ,! pig c dig ) its sn\t4 ,x does n h mu* use = ?is :5 %ut up 9 its p52 b let x out1 & see h[ x w root1 z we say4 ,x does ?is to f9d ?+s 9 ! gr\nd t x c eat4 ,:5 ! pig runs wild1 x roots to get acorns & o!r ?+s t become mix$ up ) ! e>?4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,! mole's pl[+ & digg+ tool4 ,! mole has a simil> contrivance to "w 9 ! e>? )4 ,?is animal also has heavy claws ) :i* x pl[s & digs4 ,"h is a figure %[+ ! bones ( "o ( its =e paws4 ,!y are v heavy & /rong1 & are work$ by l>ge muscles4 ,! claws on its f+]s1 y see1 are v p[]ful4 ,! mole does great execution ) ?is digg+ & pl[+ ma*9e 9 mak+ 8 tunnels & gall]ies 9 ! gr\nd4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,8 habitation4 ,! mole's habitation is a s+ul> affair4 ,x consi/s ( a l>ge circul> room1 ) sev]al gall]ies & passages4 ,he makes all ?is 9 ?is way4 ,he fir/ heaps a r\nd hill or m\nd1 press+ ! e>? to make x v solid & firm2 he !n digs out 8 r\nd room1 :]e he lives1 & ! passages4 ,y c und]/& h[ he arranges ^! by ! figure4 ,y c see t !re are two circul> gall]ies1 "o above ! o!r1 & t ^! are connect$ toge!r by five passages4 ,! circul> room is connect$ ) ! upp] gall]y by ?ree passages4 ,x also1 y see1 has a deep passage out f x at ! bottom1 :i* op5s into a passage t goes out f ! l[] gall]y2 ?is passage1 & ano!r l x on ! o!r side1 lead out into ! op5 air4 ,i suppose t ! use ( all ^! w9d+ passages is to enable ! mole to keep out ( ! way ( ^? :o want to cat* x4 ,sid5ote3 ,h[ ! wood*uck digs4 ,! m>mot1 or wood*uck1 z he is commonly call$1 is a great digg]4 ,he digs 8 hole :]e he lives 9 ?is way4 ,he loos5s ! dirt ) 8 =e paws1 us+ 8 tee? also :5 ! e>? is v h>d1 or :]e any roots happ5 to be 9 ! way4 ,he pu%es back ! dirt z he loos5s x4 ,:5 he gets a consid]able heap1 :at d y ?9k t he does ) x8 ,he %ovels x out ) 8 h9d] feet1 = !y are s %ap$ t he c use !m z %ovels4 ,!y h a /rong sk9 betwe5 ! toes1 s t :5 ! toes are spread out ! feet answ] v well to %ovel dirt )4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,h[ beav]s build _! cab9s4 ,beav]s are v s+ul> animals4 ,!y d n live alone1 b _m ( !m live toge!r4 ,!y live 9 a sort ( cab91 :i* !y build ) bran*es ( trees & mud1 ! mud answ]+ = mort>4 ,9 ga!r+ ! bran*es !y (t5 gnaw !m (f ) _! %>p & p[]ful tee?4 ,!y are great digg]s4 ,!y dig up ! e>? ) _! paws to use 9 build+ _! cab94 ,x is said t !y use _! flat tails some:at z masons d _! tr[els1 spatt+ & smoo?+ ! coat+ ( mud z !y put x on4 ,! tail1 :i* y see is v /\t1 answ]s ano!r purpose4 ,z ! beav] builds ! wall ( ! cab91 :5 x gets r high he props himself up on 8 tail z he works4 ,sid5ote3 ,! arrangem5t ( ! cab9s & dams ( beav]s4 ,! beav]s build _! cab9 close to a /ream ( wat]1 & _! entrance to x is bel[1 s t !y h to g d[n "u wat] to get to x2 & a dam is built to keep ! wat] ov] ?is entrance ( ! prop] height4 ,if x 7 n = ?is1 ! door to ! cab9 might get clos$ up ) ice if ! wat] %\ld get l[ 9 ! /ream dur+ ! w9t]4 ,?is dam ! beav]s build ( bran*es ( trees1 & mud1 & /ones4 ,! /ones are us$ to make ! bran*es /ay d[n4 ,9 ! cab9 !re are two rooms3 9 ! upp] "o !y live1 & 9 ! l[] "o !y /[ _! food4 ,?is is ! arrangem5t ( ^! animals = ! w9t]4 ,9 ! summ] !y d n live toge!r 9 companies1 b ea* "o makes a burr[ = itself4 ,e autumn !y come toge!r1 & unite 9 build+ _! dams & cab9s4 ,que/ions4--,:y does man make tools8 ,:y d n o!r animals make !m8 ,d !y h tools8 ,h[ is ! swimm+ ( a fi% l scull+8 ,:at does ! fi% d ) 8 f9s8 ,:at is said ab\t ! bill ( ! woodpeck]8 ,:at does he drill =8 ,tell ab\t 8 tongue4 ,:at is said ab\t ! bones ( 8 head8 ,:at ab\t 8 claws8 ,:at is said ab\t ! digg+ ( ! elephant--( ! h5--( ! pig8 ,h[ does ! mole dig8 ,:at is said ab\t 8 =e paws8 ,describe ! arrangem5t ( ! mole's habitation4 ,h[ does ! wood*uck dig8 ,h[ does he %ovel away ! dirt t he digs8 ,tell ab\t ! beav]s4 ,9 :at two ways d !y use _! tails8 ,:at is ! arrangem5t ( ! cab98 ,:at is ! dam =8 ,,*apt] ,,xxiv4 ,,m ,,ab\t ,,! ,,tools ,,( ,,animals4 ,sid5ote3 ,! saw-fly4 ,insects h v>i\s tools or in/rum5ts4 ,!re is a fly call$ ! saw-fly1 because x really has a saw4 ,x is a v nice "o1 mu* nic] ?an any saw t man ev] made4 ,! fly uses ! saw to make a place to put its eggs1 :]e !y w be secure4 ,& :at is v curi\s1 x has a sort ( glue ) :i* x fa/5s ! eggs 9 _! place4 ,sid5ote3 ,! bee t cuts leaves s curi\sly4 ,!re are "s insects t h cutt+ in/rum5ts1 :i* w cut z well z y c ) scissors1 if n bett]4 ,!re is a bee t is rem>kable 9 ?is respect4 ,x has also a bor+ tool4 ,its ne/ is commonly 9 old1 half-decay$ wood4 ,x cle>s out a space 9 x ) its bor+ in/rum5t2 x !n sets itself to "w ) its cutt+ in/rum5t to cut out pieces ( leaves to l9e ! ne/ & make ! cells 9 x4 ,^! are cut ( diff]5t %apes1 z !y are ne$$1 z y may see 9 ! next engrav+4 ,bel[ ! leaves y see ! ne/ repres5t$4 ,x is op5$ by tak+ (f "s ( ! wood1 & !re y see ! l9+ ( leaves4 ,great pa9s is tak5 by ! bees 9 gett+ ea* piece ( leaf ( ! "r %ape to fit well1 & ! pieces are v nicely fa/5$ toge!r4,a#b ,footnote ,a#b3 ,a m full acc\nt ( ! op]ations ( ?is little animal y c f9d 9 a book publi%$ by ,h>p] & bro!rs1 entitl$ ,natural ,hi/ory1 by ,uncle ,philip1 :i* ,i recomm5d to my "y read]s z a v int]e/+ book ab\t animals4 ,!re are "s animals t h ma*9]y = mak+ ?+s4 ,all ! silk t is us$ 9 ! _w is made by worms4 ,! silk-worm has a regul> set ( ma*9]y = sp9n+ silk4 ,x w9ds x up z x sp9s x4 ,!n man unw9ds x1 & makes a great v>iety ( beautiful fabrics ) ?is silk ?read4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,! sp9n+ ma*9]y ( ! silk-worm & ! spid]4 ,! sp9n+ ma*9]y ( ! spid] is mu* f9] ?an t ( ! silk-worm4 ,! ?read :i* he sp9s is made up ( a multitude ( ?reads1 ea* "o ( ^! com+ out f an exce$+ly small hole 9 ! spid]'s body4 ,y "k t !re is a l>ge numb] ( fibres or ?reads 9 a rope4 ,s x is ) ! spid]'s rope1 = 8 ?read t y see1 small z x is1 is a rope to him4 ,x is a rope t he walks on l a rope-danc]2 & y may sometimes see him sw++ ^u x4 ,sometimes1 too1 he lets himself d[n f "s height1 sp9n+ ! rope t holds him z he goes d[n4 ,:5 he does ?is1 8 sp9n+ ma*9e mu/ "w v briskly4 ,sid5ote3 ,pap]-mak+ ( ! wasp4 ,! wasp has a pap] factory 9 him4 ,he makes 8 pap] out ( fibres ( wood1 :i* he picks (f1 ,i suppose1 ) 8 tee?1 & ga!rs !m into a bundle4 ,he makes ?is into a s(t pulp 9 "s way2 !n1 f ?is1 he makes ! pap] ) :i* he builds 8 ne/4 ,x is v mu*1 y "k1 l ! common br[n pap] t man makes4 ,! wasps "w 9 companies1 & ?\gh ea* "o c make b little pap]1 !y all toge!r make _! ne/ 9 a v little "t4 ,! pulp f :i* !y make _! pap] is v mu* l ! pulp f :i* man makes pap]1 & :i* y may see any "t 9 ! l>ge tubs or vats ( a pap] factory4 ,?is pulp is g5]ally made f rags gr\nd up f9e1 b lately wood has be5 mu* us$4 ,p]haps ! h9t 0 tak5 f ! wasps1 :o 7 ! e>lie/ pap]-mak]s 9 ! _w4 ,sid5ote3 ,tee?4 ,animals c n use knives & =ks1 z we d1 9 divid+ up _! food4 ,!y !re=e h in/rum5ts giv5 !m :i* d ?is v well4 ,^? long1 %>p tee? t dogs1 cats1 tig]s1 etc41 h1 answ] to te> to pieces ! fle% !y eat1 z ?or\ghly z we c cut x up4 ,we d n ne$ su* tee?1 because ) in/rum5ts contriv$ by man's m9d = 8 h&s to use we cut up ! food suffici5tly4 ,sid5ote3 ,pumps ( "s animals4 ,i h told y t ! elephant c draw up wat] into 8 trunk4 ,8 trunk is !re=e l ! tube ) :i* we suck up wat] or any liquid4 ,& x is l a pump too1 =1 z ,i %all %[ y 9 ,"p ,?ird1 wat] is rais$ 9 ! pump j z x is 9 a tube :5 we suck ?r\gh x4 ,x is ) a pump some?+ l ! elephant's t _m insects get ! honey f ! fl[]s4 ,?is pump is call$ a proboscis4 ,x is ) su* an in/rum5t t ! musquito sucks up y\r blood4 ,at ! end ( 8 pump he has some?+ ) :i* he pi]ces a hole 9 y\r sk91 & !n he pumps y\r blood up into 8 /oma*4 ,9 "s insects ! proboscis is v long1 z y see "h4 ,?is is holl[1 & ) x ! insect sucks up ! honey f v deep fl[]s1 )\t be+ oblig$ to g to ! bottom ( !m4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,! proboscis 9 "s insects4 ,! proboscis is commonly coil$ up :5 x is n 9 use4 ,"h is ! proboscis ( a butt]fly coil$ up4 ,! two long ?+s above x are feel]s4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,! proboscis ( ! humm+-bird4 ,! tongue ( ! humm+-bird is really a proboscis1 & a v curi\s "o x is too4 ,x has two tubes alongside ( ea* o!r1 l ! two b>rels ( a d\ble-b>rel$ gun4 ,at ! tip ( ! tongue ^! tubes are a little sep>at$1 & _! ends are %ap$ l spoons4 ,! honey is spoon$ up1 z we may say1 & !n x is drawn into ! m\? ?r\gh ! long tubes ( ! tongue4 ,b ! bird uses its tongue 9 ano!r way4 ,x cat*es insects ) x1 = x lives on ^! z well z on honey4 ,x does x 9 ?is way3 ! two spoons grasp ! insect l a pair ( tongs1 & ! tongue1 b5d+1 puts x into ! bird's m\?4 ,! tongue1 !n1 ( ! humm+-bird is n m]ely "o in/rum5t1 b x conta9s sev]al in/rum5ts toge!r--two pumps1 two spoons1 & a pair ( tongs4 ,sid5ote3 ,cat's tongue a curry-comb4 ,! tongue ( a cat is a s+ul> in/rum5t4 ,x is h] curry-comb4 ,= ?is purpose x is r\gh1 z y w f9d if y feel x4 ,:5 %e cleans h]self s indu/ri\sly1 %e gets (f ! dirt & smoo?s h] coat j z ! ho/l] cleans & smoo?s ! horse's coat ) ! curry-comb4 ,h] head %e c n rea* ) h] tongue1 & s %e has to make h] =e paws answ] ! purpose in/ead4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,h[ ! h]on cat*es fi%4 ,!re are "s birds t live on fi%es4 ,!y h in/rum5ts1 !re=e1 purposely = cat*+ !m4 ,! h]on is a bird ( ?is k9d4 ,he manages 9 ?is way3 :5 ! light is dim1 ei!r at dawn or :5 !re is moonlight1 x is 8 "t = go+ a fi%+4 ,he w /&1 z y see him "h1 9 %all[ wat]1 s /iff & s /ill t he might be mi/ak5 = a /ump ( a tree or some?+ else4 ,he is look+ /eadily & pati5tly d[n into ! wat]1 & ! mom5t a fi% comes along1 d[n goes 8 %>p bill1 & (f he flies to 8 ne/ ) 8 prey4 ,! plumes ( ?is s+ul> bird are beautiful1 & are v highly priz$ z ornam5ts4 ,illu/ration ,!re is "o bird t lives *iefly on oy/]s4 ,x has a bill1 !re=e1 ) :i* x c op5 an oy/]-%ell z skillfully z an oy/]man c ) 8 knife4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,! tailor-bird4 ,"s birds c sew v well ) _! beaks & feet4 ,!re is "o bird t sews s well t x is call$ ! tailor bird4 ,"h is its ne/ hid 9 leaves :i* x has sew$ toge!r4 ,x does ?is ) ?read :i* x makes itself4 ,x gets cotton f ! cotton-plant1 & ) its long1 delicate bill & little feet1 sp9s x into a ?read4 ,x !n pi]ces ! holes ?r\gh ! leaves ) its bill1 &1 pass+ ! ?read ?r\gh ! holes1 sews !m toge!r4 ,i believe t 9 gett+ ! ?read ?r\gh ! holes x uses bo? its bill & its feet4 ,sid5ote3 ,! w+less bird4 ,"h is a v /range-look+ bird4 ,x has no w+s4 ,x has a v long bill1 :i* x uses 9 ga!r+ its food1 :i* consi/s ( snails1 insects1 & worms4 ,he uses 8 bill 9 ano!r way4 ,he (t51 9 re/+1 places ! tip ( 8 bill on ! gr\nd1 & ?us makes ! same use ( 8 bill t an old man does ( 8 cane :5 he /&s lean+ ^u x4 ,sid5ote3 ,! fi% t %oots insects ) a squirt-gun4 ,!re is a fi% t has a s+ul> in/rum5t4 ,x is a squirt-gun = %oot+ insects4 ,x c %oot !m n only :5 !y are /ill1 b :5 !y are fly+4 ,x wat*es !m z !y are fly+ ov] ! wat]1 & hits "o ( !m1 :5ev] x c get a *ance1 ) a f9e /ream ( wat] f its little gun4 ,! insect1 /unn$ ) ! bl[1 falls into ! wat]1 & ! fi% eats x4 ,i c\ld give y a great _m m examples ( ! diff]5t tools t we f9d 9 animals1 b ^! are suffici5t4 ,y c obs]ve o!r examples y\rselves z y look at diff]5t animals4 ,que/ions4--,:at is said ab\t ! saw-fly8 ,tell ab\t ! bor+ & cutt+ in/rum5ts ( a c]ta9 k9d ( bee4 ,:at is said ab\t silk-worms8 ,:at ab\t spid]s8 ,:at ab\t wasps8 ,:y d "s animals h su* long1 %>p tee?8 ,:at k9d ( ma*9e is an elephant's trunk8 ,:at is ! proboscis ( an insect8 ,tell ab\t ! tongue ( ! humm+-bird4 ,h[ _m in/rum5ts are !re toge!r 9 8 tongue8 ,:at is said ab\t ! cat's tongue8 ,tell ab\t ! h]on4 ,tell ab\t ! bird t lives on oy/]s4 ,:at is told ab\t ! tailor-bird8 ,tell ab\t ! bird t has no w+s4 ,tell ab\t ! fi% t %oots insects ) wat]4 ,,*apt] ,,xxv4 ,,in/rum5ts ,,( ,,def5se ,,& ,,attack4 ,sid5ote3 ,fight+ in/rum5ts ( animals4 ,animals h v>i\s in/rum5ts = def5d+ !mselves4 ,"s h claws1 "s horns1 "s ho(s1 "s spurs & beaks1 "s p[]ful tee?1 & "s /+s4 ,^! !y use to def5d !mselves :5 attack$4 ,sid5ote3 ,:y man has none ( !m4 ,b man has none ( ^! ?+s4 ,:y is ?is8 ,x is because1 z ,i h told y ab\t tools1 ) 8 m9d he c contrive in/rum5ts ( def5se1 & ) 8 h&s he c use !m4 ,if m5 c\ld n contrive & use su* ?+s z spe>s1 & swords1 & guns1 !y w\ld /& a poor *ance ) "s ( ! animals if oblig$ to cont5d ) !m4 ,a lion or tig]1 y "k1 c\ld te> ! /\te/ man 9 pieces if he _h no?+ 9 8 h&s to def5d himself4 ,x w\ld be well if m5 w\ld use ! fight+ in/rum5ts :i* !y make only = def5d+ !mselves4 ,b !y (t5 use !m 9 attack+ o!rs1 j z bea/s d _! weapons1 & sometimes !y ev5 use _! h&s1 & tee?1 & nails 9 ! same way t bea/s d4 ,h&s 7 made = useful "w & innoc5t play2 b !y are (t5 us$ to /rike )4 ,tee? are giv5 to u to eat )2 b *ildr51 & ev5 m5 sometimes1 bite ) !m l an angry bea/4 ,nails are giv5 u = v>i\s useful purposes1 b ,i h kn[n *ildr5 to use !m 9 fight+ z bea/s d _! claws & spurs4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,claw & beak ( a cruel bird4 ,! fight+ in/rum5ts ( "s birds are v p[]ful4 ,"h are a claw & a beak ( a v cruel bird4 ,h[ fa/ ?is claw w\ld hold ! victim1 & h[ w\ld ?is beak te> x 9 pieces6 ,v diff]5t are !y f ! sl5d] claws & ! light beak ( su* birds z ! can>y4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,! vulture & ! lamb4 ,"h is a v rapaci\s bird1 ! vulture4 ,he is on a rock1 & has "u 8 feet a lamb :i* he f\nd 9 ! valley bel[4 ,x _h p]haps w&]$ f ! flock1 &1 z x 0 fe$+1 n ?9k+ ( dang]1 ! vulture espi$ x4 ,swiftly div+ d[n1 he caught x ) 8 /rong claws & br\ght x up "h4 ,y see :at a beak he has to te> ! lamb 9 pieces1 t he may dev\r x4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,! bill ( ! t\can4 ,sid5ote3 ,h[ x trims its tail4 ,! t\can1 :i* y see "h1 has a l>g] bill ?an mo/ o!r birds4 ,x uses x 9 cru%+ & te>+ its food1 :i* consi/s ( fruits1 mice1 & small birds4 ,y see t its edges are too!d some:at l a saw1 adapt+ x to te> 9 pieces ! little animals :i* ?is bird fe$s on4 ,b x c use its bill also = ano!r purpose4 ,x is a p[]ful in/rum5t ( def5se 9 fight+ (f ! animals t attack x4 ,! t\can makes its ne/ 9 a hole ( a tree1 :i* x digs out ) its bill1 if x does n readily f9d "o already made2 & !re x sits1 keep+ (f all intrud]s ) its big beak4 ,! mis*iev\s monkeys are its wor/ enemies2 b1 if !y get a bl[ f t beak1 !y are v c>eful to keep out ( ! way ( x aft]w>d4 ,:5 ! t\can sleeps1 x manages to cov] up ?is l>ge bill ) its fea!rs1 & s x looks z if x 0 no?+ b a great ball ( fea!rs4 ,!re is "o curi\s use :i* x makes ( its bill3 x uses x to trim its tail1 cutt+ its fea!rs z precisely z a pair ( scissors w\ld4 ,x takes great c>e 9 do+ ?is1 evid5tly ?9k+ t x is important to its beauty4 ,x waits till its tail is full gr[n be=e x beg9s to trim x4 ,sid5ote3 ,! cat's paw & its cu%ions4 ,! claws ( ! cat hold ! rat v fa/1 :ile h] long1 %>p tee? te> its fle%1 & pull ev5 its bones ap>t4 ,if y see a cat d ?is1 y w get "s idea ( ! way 9 :i* a lion or tig] te>s 9 pieces any animal4 ,z y\r cat lies quietly purr+ 9 y\r lap1 look at h] paws4 ,! claws are all conceal$1 & ! paw1 ) its cu%ions1 seems a v g5tle1 peaceable ?+2 b wake h] up & let h] play ) a /r+1 & z %e tries to cat* x ) h] paw1 ! claws n[ ?ru/ out make x look l a p[]ful weapon1 z x really is 9 ! eyes ( rats & mice4 ,!re are muscles t "w ^? claws :5 ! cat's m9d tells !m to d x4 ,:5 ! claws are n ?ru/ out ^! muscles are quiet1 b !y are ev] ready to act :5 a message comes to !m f ! bra94 ,did y ev] ?9k :at ! use is ( ^? spr+y cu%ions 9 ! cat's foot8 ,!y are to keep h] f be+ j>r$ :5 %e jumps d[n f a consid]able height1 z %e (t5 does4 ,o!r animals t jump h !m4 ,!re is ano!r use = ^! cu%ions4 ,!y are ( assi/ance to animals 9 cat*+ _! prey4 ,if ! cat _h h>d1 horny feet1 z %e w5t patt]+ ar\nd ! rats & mice w\ld take ! al>m & get out ( ! way4 ,sid5ote3 ,horn$ animals4 ,sid5ote3 ,! horns ( ! kudu4 ,"s animals h horns :i* !y use 9 attack & def5se1 & v p[]ful weapons !y are 9 "s cases4 ,animals t h !m (t5 def5d !mselves successfully aga9/ ! attacks ( lions1 tig]s1 etc41 t are s p[]ful ) _! tee? & claws4 ,!y gore ) !m4 ,!y c toss up q a l>ge animal into ! air ) !m4 ,9 ?is animal 7call$ ! koodoo7 !y are ne>ly ?ree feet long4 ,y see t !y h a beautiful spiral %ape2 inde$1 ! :ole animal is v h&some4 ,x lives 9 ,s\? ,africa1 9 woods at ! side ( riv]s4 ,y might suppose t x w\ld be r difficult to get ab\t among ! trees & bu%es ) su* long horns2 b ! koodoo manages to d ?is v well by ?r[+ 8 head back & lett+ 8 horns re/ on 8 %\ld]s4 ,illu/ration ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,! sword-fi%4 ,"h is a draw+ ( a sword-fi%4 ,its sword is made ( bone1 & x is s v /rong t x has be5 kn[n to be run ?r\gh ! bottom ( a %ip4 ,9 ! ,briti% ,museum !re is a piece ( ! bottom ( a %ip ) "o ( ^! swords run ?r\gh x1 & brok5 %ort (f4 ,! fi% mu/ h di$ at once1 = su* a bl[ mu/ h da%$ 8 bra9s out1 z we say4 ,?is sword mu/ be a p[]ful weapon ( def5se or attack 9 ! fights ( ?is fi% ) o!r animals4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,! saw-fi%4 ,"h is a fi% t has a saw in/ead ( a sword4 ,! tee?1 y see1 are on bo? sides ( ! saw4 ,?is fi% is v l>ge1 & uses ?is weapon ) great effect 9 its fights ) :ales & o!r mon/]s ( ! deep4 ,x sometimes v fooli%ly pu%es its saw into ! bottom ( a %ip1 z ! sword-fi% does 8 sword4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,! porcup9e4 ,sid5ote3 ,:at ! porcup9e does ) 8 quills4 ,!re are "s animals t h v s+ul> in/rum5ts ( def5se4 ,! porcup9e is "o4 ,x is cov]$ ) two k9ds ( quills4 ,^? ( "o k9d are long1 sl5d]1 & curv$4 ,! o!rs are %ort1 /raight1 v /\t1 & h a %>p po9t4 ,:5ev] ! porcup9e is *as$ by any animal1 & f9ds t he c n escape by runn+1 he /ops & bri/les up all 8 quills1 z y see 9 ! previ\s engrav+4 ,he !n backs1 s t ! %ort1 %>p quills may /ick into ! animal t pursues him4 ,x has be5 said t he %oots 8 quills at any "o t attacks him4 ,b ?is is n s4 ,! error came f ! fact1 t if any ( ! quills happ5 to be a little loose1 !y fall out or /ick into ! fle% ( 8 adv]s>y4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,! ink-bag ( ! cuttle-fi%4 ,! cuttle-fi% has a curi\s way ( escap+ f ^? fi%es t attack him4 ,he is a /rangely-%ap$ animal1 z y see4 ,he has eight long arms1 & ! little spots t y see on ^! are suck]s1 ) :i* he c /ick to a rock1 or c hold tightly any fi% or %ell t he cat*es4 ,?is que]-look+ animal has inside ( him a bag fill$ ) a d>k fluid l ink4 ,?is he uses z a means ( def5se 9 ?is way3 if he is *as$ by a fi% l>g] ?an he is1 he empties 8 ink-bag 9 ! wat]1 & ?us makes su* a cl\d t x bl9ds 8 pursu]1 & !n ! cuttle-fi% v easily gets out ( ! way4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,! torp$o4 ,?is s+ul>ly-=m$ fi%1 ! torp$o1 has two electrical batt]ies--t is1 ma*9es = mak+ electricity or lightn+2 & x c give a %ock :5 x pleases4 ,if ! fi% is a l>ge "o1 x c give a %ock p[]ful en\gh to knock a man d[n4 ,x c disable1 ( c\rse1 almo/ any fi% t attempts to fight ) him1 & x probably uses its batt]y also to ov]come ! animals t x dev\rs4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,! electric eel4 ,"h is an eel1 call$ ! electrical eel1 :i* has ! same p[]1 & uses x = ! same purposes4 ,a sailor 0 once knock$ d[n by a %ock f "o ( ^! eels1 & x 0 "s "t be=e he recov]$ 8 s5ses4 ,sid5ote3 ,! armor ( turtles4 ,! diff]5t k9ds ( turtles1 :ile !y h no great means ( attack1 h mo/ extraord9>y means ( def5se4 ,!y h a complete suit ( ?ick1 bony armor4 ,mo/ k9ds ( turtles c draw 9 _! heads & limbs out ( sight1 & "s c %ut up _! armor z tight z a box1 & s be secure aga9/ almo/ any attack4 ,?is is a picture ( ! gre5 turtle1 :i* sometimes gr[s s l>ge z to weigh z mu* z ?ree or f\r m54 ,x is f\nd 9 mo/ ( ! isl&s ( ! ,ea/ & ,we/ ,indies4 ,its fle% is consid]$ a great luxury4 ,! beautiful tortoise-%ell1 f :i* combs are made1 is obta9$ f ?is armor ( "s k9ds ( turtles4 ,illu/ration ,que/ions4--,:at are "s ( ! in/rum5ts ( def5se & attack t animals h8 ,:y has man none ( ^!8 ,:at is ! use :i* m5 ought to make ( ! weapons :i* !y contrive8 ,h[ are h&s1 tee?1 & nails (t5 improp]ly us$8 ,:at are ! fight+ in/rum5ts ( birds8 ,tell ab\t ! vulture4 ,tell ! diff]5t uses ( ! l>ge bill ( ! t\can4 ,:at are ! weapons ( ! cat8 ,:at is said ab\t ! muscles ( h] claws8 ,( :at use are ! cu%ions on h] feet8 ,tell ab\t ! koodoo4 ,tell ab\t ! sword-fi% & ab\t ! saw-fi%4 ,:at is said ab\t ! porcup9e8 ,:at ab\t ! cuttle-fi%8 ,:at ab\t ! torp$o & ! electrical eel8 ,:at ab\t ! turtles8 ,,*apt] ,,xxvi4 ,,w+s4 ,sid5ote3 ,bones ( a bird's w+ l ! bones ( ! arm & h&4 ,birds walk ^u two legs z we d2 b1 in/ead ( su* h&s z we h1 !y h h&s made = ! purpose ( lift+ !m up 9 ! air4 ,! bones 9 a bird's w+ are v mu* l ! bones 9 our arms & h&s2 b !y make a frame-"w = ! fea!rs ( ! w+ to spread out f4 ,! bones t g out almo/ to ! v end ( ! w+ are l ! bones ( our f+]s1 only !y are mu* long]4 ,a bird's w+1 :5 x is /ret*$ out1 is a v l>ge ?+4 ,x ne$s to be l>ge to d its "w well4 ,a bird c\ld n fly ) small w+s4 ,y "k t by try+ v h>d y jump up into ! air a v little way4 ,b see1 ! bird goes up v easily z high z x pleases1 & does n seem to be tir$4 ,?is is because its w+s spread out s broadly4 ,sid5ote3 ,:y w+s are s l>ge4 ,! reason t birds ne$ su* l>ge w+s is ?is4 ,z ! bird rises by press+ ^u ! air1 x mu/ press on a good deal ( air to d ?is4 ,if x press$ ^u only a little air x c\ld n rise at all1 because ! air gets out ( ! way s easily :5 x is press$ ^u4 ,swimm+ is fly+ 9 ! wat]2 &1 z wat] :5 press$ does n get out ( ! way z easily z air does1 ! tail & f9s1 ) :i* fi%es swim1 d n ne$ to be z l>ge z ! w+s ( birds4 ,= ! same reason1 h&s & feet answ] v well = u to swim )1 ?\gh we c n fly ) !m4 ,i %all tell y m p>ticul>ly ab\t ?is 9 ,"p ,?ird4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,w+s ( ! condor4 ,"h is a v l>ge bird1 ! condor4 ,to lift su* a heavy body z he has up into ! air mu/ require v l>ge w+s1 & y see t he has !m4 ,sid5ote3 ,muscles t "w ! w+s ( birds4 ,n[1 to "w su* broad w+s1 ! bird has v /\t muscles4 ,y "k h[ ! brea/ ( a bird /&s out4 ,y see x "h 9 ! condor4 ,?is is because ! muscles ) :i* x works its w+s are !re4 ,y c see t ?is is ! reason :5 a bird is cook$4 ,! meat1 y "k1 is v ?ick on ! brea/-bone--?ick] ?an 9 any o!r "p ( ! body4 ,if we _h z l>ge muscles on our brea/-bones we %\ld look v /range4 ,b we d n ne$ su* l>ge muscles to "w our arms z birds d to "w _! w+s4 ,sid5ote3 ,:y m5 c n fly4 ,a man c\ld n fly if he _h w+s fix$ on to 8 arms4 ,x has be5 tri$4 ,i knew a man once to make some?+ l w+s = himself4 ,aft] he _h made !m1 he w5t up on to ! ro( ( a %$ to try !m4 ,he jump$ (f & flapp$ 8 w+s1 b d[n he came ab\t z soon z if he _h no w+s1 & he 0 s mu* bruis$ t he 0 n dispos$ to try ! exp]im5t aga94 ,n[ :y c\ld he n fly8 ,x 0 n = want ( w+s4 ,!re ! w+s 71 & he _h made !m "r1 = he _h %ap$ !m l ! w+s ( birds4 ,!y 7 l>ge en\gh & light en\gh2 ! difficulty 01 t ! muscles ( 8 arms 7 n /rong en\gh to "w !m well4 ,!y 7 arm-muscles & n w+-muscles4 ,a man c n be l a bird m]ely by hav+ w+s4 ,he mu/ h a bird's fly+ muscles1 or he c n fly4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,%ort w+s4 ,sid5ote3 ,! o/ri*4 ,diff]5t birds h w+s ( diff]5t sizes4 ,^? t fly v f> & swiftly h ! l>ge/ w+s4 ,! w+s ( ! h5 are n l>ge en\gh to c>ry h] f> up into ! air4 ,! mo/ t %e c d is to fly ov] a v high f5ce2 & if h] w+s are p>tly cut (f1 or cropp$1 z x is call$1 %e c n ev5 d t4 ,!re are "s birds t d n use _! w+s 9 fly+4 ,! o/ri*1 repres5t$ on ! previ\s page1 is a great runn]4 ,he c n fly1 b 8 w+s help him "s 9 runn+4 ,9 :at way ! w+s act 9 rais+ birds & c>ry+ !m along ,i w expla9 to y 9 ,"p ,?ird1 :5 ,i come to tell y ab\t ! air4 ,sid5ote3 ,! beautiful motions ( birds4 ,sid5ote3 ,! swall[4 ,h[ beautiful are ! motions ( _m ( ! birds z !y fly 9 ! air6 ,h[ easily & gracefully _! w+s "w6 ,see t bird z x goes up & up2 & n[ see x z x makes a turn1 & comes d[n s swiftly on its out/ret*$ w+s1 tak+ a beautiful sweep (f at a di/ance2 & !n up x goes aga9 to come d[n1 9 ! same way t boys d :5 !y travel up a long hill to slide d[n s swiftly on _! sl$s4 ,! swall[1 z he has ?is f9e sport1 is1 at ! same "t1 gett+ 8 liv+4 ,z he skims along close to ! gr\nd or ! wat]1 z repres5t$ "h1 quick z ?\ght he cat*es any unlucky fly t happ5s to be 9 8 way4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,! humm+-bird4 ,especially beautiful are ! motions ( ! humm+-bird4 ,see him z he /ops be=e "s fl[] flutt]+ on 8 w+s1 or z he d>ts ) !m f "o fl[] to ano!r4 ,! muscles ( 8 w+s are v nimble workm54 ,our muscles c make no motions z quick z ^!4 ,sid5ote3 ,! /ructure ( fea!rs4 ,did y ev] exam9e a fea!r f a bird's w+ to see :at a curi\sly-made ?+ x is8 ,! quill "p ( x is v /rong1 b1 at ! same "t1 light4 ,! plume or fea!r "p is q /rong also4 ,x is made up ( a great _m v ?9 & delicate flat leaves1 z we may call !m1 :i* are lock$ toge!r curi\sly by f9e tee? on _! edges4 ,if y sep>ate !m !y soon come toge!r aga91 & are lock$ z fa/ z ev]4 ,y c see ! tee? by :i* !y hold on to ea* o!r v well ) a common microscope4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,! delicacy ( a bat's w+4 ,no wond] t ! bat c fly s swiftly ) su* v broad & light w+s z he has4 ,did y ev] obs]ve h[ a bat's w+ is made8 ,x is a v curi\s & really beautiful ?+4 ,x is an exce$+ly f9e1 ?9 sk91 on a frame-"w ( long1 sl5d] bones4 ,^! are to x :at /icks ( :alebone are to an umbrella2 & ! w+s c be fold$ up some:at z an umbrella is4 ,?is is done :5ev] ! bat is n fly+4 ,:5 x is on ! gr\nd x is v awkw>d 9 its movem5ts4 ,x c n get a />t to fly1 & s x pu%es itself along ) its h9d feet1 at ! same "t pull+ by ! hooks 9 its w+s1 :i* x puts =w>d1 fir/ "o & !n ! o!r1 hook+ !m into ! gr\nd4 ,x nev] likes to get ^u ! gr\nd1 & x takes its re/ always1 z y see repres5t$ on ! previ\s page1 by hang+ itself up by ! two hooks 9 its w+s4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,! vampire bat4 ,"h is a picture ( ! vampire bat1 a native ( ,s\? ,am]ica1 t lives by suck+ ! blood ( animals :5 !y are asleep4 ,sid5ote3 ,locu/'s w+4 ,no?+ is m delicate ?an ! w+s ( insects4 ,!y are l gauze2 b !y h a frame-"w t makes !m q firm1 j z leaves are firm f ! ribs t are 9 !m4 ,"h is a draw+ ( ! w+ ( a locu/4 ,b y c get no idea ( ! beauty ( insects' w+s f su* draw+s4 ,y mu/ exam9e ! w+s !mselves4 ,ev5 ! w+ ( a common fly is v beautiful1 s delicate is its /ructure4 ,illu/ration ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,w+ ( ! katydid4 ,! w+ ( ! katydid1 z x is call$1 is peculi>ly beautiful4 ,"h x is4 ,y see t x is v delicate4 ,its color is a light gre54 ,y see t r ?ick ?ree-corn]$ ridge at t "p ( ! w+ :i* jo9s ! body4 ,!re is a simil> ridge on ! w+ ( ! o!r side4 ,9 ! space )9 ?is ridge !re is a ?9 b /rong membrane or sk91 s t x makes a k9d ( drum-head4 ,x is ! rubb+ toge!r ( ^! two drum-heads on ! w+s t makes ! noise4 ,x is a que] s\nd4 ,!re is no music 9 x1 b ! katydids seem to enjoy mak+ x4 ,sid5ote3 ,h[ ! katydid makes its noise4 ,sid5ote3 ,h[ y c /op x4 ,! katydid commonly makes ?ree rubs at a "t ) its drum-heads4 ,x s\nds some:at z if x said ,katy-did1 & f ?is comes its "n4 ,sometimes !re are only two rubs1 & !n y c fancy t x says ,%e did or ,%e didn't4 ,! katydids1 y "k1 are all quiet 9 ! daytime1 b :5 ev5+ comes !y are v noisy4 ,i h (t5 be5 amus$ to he> !m z !y beg9 j at dusk4 ,"o w beg91 & p]haps say its ,katy-did sev]al times2 !n ano!r1 on a neighbor+ tree1 w reply2 & aft] a little "t ! :ole tribe w be at "w4 ,ea* "o appe>s to re/ ^u x aft] ea* rubb+1 & s x seems z if !y answ]$ ea* o!r f "o tree & ano!r4 ,x is curi\s t y c at once /op ! noise ( ?is insect by /rik+ ! trunk ( ! tree on :i* he is ) y\r h&4 ,que/ions4--,:at are ! bones 9 a bird's w+ l8 ,:at is said ab\t ! size ( birds' w+s8 ,:at ab\t ! muscles t "w !m8 ,:y c n a man fly if he makes w+s = himself8 ,:at birds h ! l>ge/ w+s8 ,:at is said ab\t ! h58 ,:at ab\t ! o/ri*8 ,:at is said ab\t ! motions ( birds 9 fly+8 ,:at is said ( ! swall[8 ,:at ( ! humm+-bird8 ,tell ab\t ! p>ts ( a fea!r f a bird's w+4 ,:at is said ab\t ! bat's w+s8 ,:at ab\t its motions on ! gr\nd8 ,h[ does x re/8 ,:at is said ab\t ! w+s ( insects8 ,h[ does ! katydid make its noise8 ,,*apt] ,,xxvii4 ,,cov]+s ,,( ,,animals4 ,sid5ote3 ,! sk9 ( man4 ,! sk9 ( man is 8 cov]+4 ,x cov]s up l a case all ! ma*9]y t ,i h told y is 9 8 body--! bones1 ! muscles1 ! n]ves1 ! art]ies1 ! ve9s1 etc4 ,x keeps !m f be+ injur$4 ,besides ?is1 h[ /range we %\ld look if !re 7 no sk9 to cov] up ^! p>ts f view4 ,! sk9 fits v nicely all p>ts ( ! body4 ,on ! h& x is l a glove4 ,see h[ well x fits4 ,b obs]ve t !re are "s places :]e x is q loose & full ( wr9kles4 ,x is s betwe5 ! ?umb & =ef+]1 & ar\nd ! jo9ts ( ! f+]s4 ,9 ^! places x w\ld n d to h x fit tight1 because if x did y c\ld n move y\r ?umb & f+]s z freely z y d4 ,sid5ote3 ,:y x is diff]5t f ! cov]+ ( animals4 ,b ! cov]+ ( man's body is diff]5t f t ( o!r animals4 ,x is1 = ! mo/ "p1 b>e sk91 :ile mo/ animals h ei!r hair1 or fea!rs1 or scales1 or h>d plates l armor1 or %ells4 ,:y is x t man has a cov]+ t protects him s mu* less ?an animals g5]ally are protect$ by _! cov]+s8 ,x is because he kn[s h[ to make su* a cov]+ z he ne$s to put on ov] 8 sk94 ,he c suit ?is to ! degree ( heat or cold4 ,b animals "k no?+ ab\t ?is4 ,no "o ev] saw an animal make clo!s & put !m on4 ,! ,creator has giv5 to ea* animal su* cov]+ or clo!s z x ne$s1 ready-made4 ,let u look at ?is a little4 ,sid5ote3 ,fur & hair4 ,animals 9 v cold climates ne$ a v w>m cov]+4 ,!y !re=e h a ?ick fur4 ,b animals t live 9 w>m c\ntries h r ?9 hair in/ead ( fur4 ,! elephant has v little hair1 & x is only ) ! greate/ c>e t he c be made to live ?r\gh our cold w9t]s4 ,! same is true ( ! monkey4 ,if ^! animals _h a good cov]+ ( fur on _! sk9s1 ! cold w\ld n affect !m 9 ?is way4 ,sid5ote3 ,blanket+ ! horse4 ,! hair ( ! horse is r ?94 ,x is n l fur2 & if ! horse's ma/] is k9d1 he is v c>eful to put a good blanket on him :5ev] ! cold makes x necess>y4 ,if he did n1 ! horse w\ld get *ill$ & take cold4 ,! horse is n a native ( cold c\ntries1 b ( su* w>m c\ntries z ,s\? ,am]ica & ,arabia4 ,!re horses run wild1 & are always 9 l>ge companies or h]ds4 ,sid5ote3 ,! fur ( ! cat4 ,y "k h[ ?ick ! fur is on ! cat4 ,y c see h[ f9e x is1 & h[ ?ickly ! hairs /& toge!r1 if y bl[ on x s z to sep>ate ! hairs4 ,) ?is w>m coat on h]1 %e does n feel ! cold mu*4 ,y see h] (t5 9 cold wea!r out-(-doors1 ) h] feet ga!r$ up "u h] to keep !m w>m4 ,! monkey1 ) 8 ?9 hair1 c\ld n d s4 ,he has to be kept 9 a w>m place 9 ! w9t]4 ,sid5ote3 ,fea!rs4 ,! cov]+ ( birds1 :ile x is su* z to keep !m w>m1 is v light4 ,if x 7 n s1 !y c\ld n fly z well z !y d4 ,fea!rs are s light1 t1 :5 we wi% to speak ( any ?+ z be+ v light1 we say t x is z light z a fea!r4 ,! d[ny fea!rs on ! brea/ ( birds are especially light4 ,! fea!rs ( ! w+s are diff]5t4 ,!y are made /rong = ! "w ( fly+1 & at ! same "t !y are q light4 ,h[ ?is is done ,i h told y 9 ! *apt] be=e ?is4 ,sid5ote3 ,! oily fea!rs ( ! duck4 ,birds t g mu* into ! wat] h an oil ab\t _! fea!rs :i* keeps !m f be+ soak$2 = ?is reason1 a duck1 :5 x comes out ( ! wat]1 is almo/ z dry z be=e x w5t 94 ,b if a h5 %\ld g into ! wat] 9 ! same way1 %e w\ld be wet ?r\gh h] fea!rs to h] sk94 ,%e 0 n made to g into ! wat]1 & s has nei!r ! oily fea!rs nor ! webb$ feet :i* are giv5 to ! duck4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,:y fi%es h scales1 & :y !y are oily4 ,:y is x t fi%es h scales8 ,x is because !y ne$ a smoo? cov]+ 9 ord] to get along easily 9 ! wat]4 ,a cov]+ :i* is r\gh1 or :i* w\ld soak 9 wat]1 w\ld be bad = !m4 ,! scales1 y "k1 lap ov] "o ^u ano!r1 z y see "h 9 ! h]r+4 ,!y ?us make q a firm coat ( mail1 & at ! same "t d n h9d] ! b5d+ motions ( ! fi%4 ,if ! same cov]+ 7 all 9 "o1 in/ead ( be+ made up ( _m scales1 x c\ld n b5d z easily z x does n[ 9 turn+ its c\rse 9 ! wat]4 ,! scales are kept oil$1 & ?is helps ! fi% to glide along swiftly4 ,x is ?is t makes ! fi% s slipp]y t x is difficult to hold x 9 its /ruggles :5 x is fir/ tak5 out ( ! wat]4 ,sid5ote3 ,h[ ! h]mit-crab gu>ds 8 nak$ tail4 ,i h told y1 9 ano!r *apt]1 ab\t ! cov]+s ( su* animals z lob/]s & crabs4 ,!re is "o k9d ( crab1 call$ ! h]mit-crab1 t has no cov]+ ov] 8 tail z he has ov] ! o!r p>ts ( 8 body4 ,x is !re=e v liable to be injur$ unless x is gu>d$ 9 "s way4 ,& h[ d y ?9k he gu>ds x8 ,he j puts x into "s %ell t he f9ds1 z y see "h1 & !n goes ab\t1 dragg+ x aft] him4 ,z he gr[s ! tail becomes too l>ge = ! %ell1 & z soon z he feels ! %ell beg9n+ to p9*1 he pulls 8 tail out & goes 9 se>* ( ano!r %ell4 ,x is amus+ to see him try "o aft] ano!r till he f9ds "o t fits well4 ,sometimes two ( ^! crabs come to ! same %ell1 & !n !y h a fight ab\t x4 ,v fooli% mu/ a crab feel :5 he has driv5 ano!r "o (f1 & f9ds1 aft] all1 t ! %ell he has be5 fight+ = does n fit 8 tail4 ,illu/ration ,que/ions4--,:at is said ab\t our sk9 z a cov]+8 ,:at is said ab\t its fitt+ well8 ,:]e are !re wr9kles1 & :y8 ,h[ is ! cov]+ ( man's body diff]5t f t ( o!r animals1 & :y8 ,:at is said ab\t animals 9 cold climates8 ,:at ab\t ^? t live 9 w>m c\ntries8 ,:at ab\t ! elephant1 ! monkey1 & ! horse8 ,:at ab\t ! fur ( ! cat8 ,:at ab\t ! cov]+ ( birds8 ,h[ are ! fea!rs ( ! w+ diff]5t f ^? ( ! brea/1 & :y8 ,:y are ! fea!rs ( "s birds oily8 ,tell ab\t ! duck & ! h54 ,:y d fi%es h scales8 ,:y are !y kept oil$8 ,tell ab\t ! h]mit-crab4 ,,*apt] ,,xxviii4 ,,beauty ,,( ,,! ,,cov]+s ,,( ,,animals4 ,sid5ote3 ,beauty ( "s v small insects4 ,!re is great v>iety 9 ! cov]+s ( insects4 ,9 "s ! cov]+ is l burni%$ armor4 ,! v>iety ( colors is exce$+ly great1 & 9 _m !y h a spl5did brilliancy4 ,"s ( ! smalle/ insects1 :i* mo/ p nev] notice1 are surpass+ly beautiful :5 exam9$ ) ! microscope4 ,x is ) !m 9 ?is respect z x is ) "s ( ! smalle/ fl[]s4 ,we "k n h[ mu* beauty !re is all ar\nd u 9 ! small ?+s t ,god has creat$ till we take ! microscope & look at !m4 ,sid5ote3 ,butt]flies4 ,! butt]flies are among ! mo/ beautiful ( insects4 ,almo/ e v>iety ( color is to be se5 9 !m1 & (t5 _m colors are se5 toge!r1 arrang$ 9 ! mo/ beautiful mann]4 ,y c n h any idea ( ! great v>iety ( _! beauty unless y see "s collection ( !m 9 cases 9 "s museum4 ,sid5ote3 ,colors 9 %ells4 ,y h (t5 admir$ ! beauty ( diff]5t %ells4 ,^! are ! cov]+s ( animals :o lead a v quiet life 9 !m1 z ,i told y ab\t ! oy/]4 ,v spl5did are ! colors (t5 on ! inside ( ^! cov]+s1 & sometimes on ! outside also2 & ev5 :5 ! outside is n at all h&some :5 we get ! %ell f ! wat]1 we (t5 f9d t cle>+ (f ! out] coat+ ) acid1 or by rubb+1 w %[ u beautiful colors4 ,!n1 too1 by gr9d+ ! %ell 9 diff]5t p>ts ( x1 diff]5t lay]s are se5 ( diff]5t hues4 ,sid5ote3 ,:y ,god made %ells s beautiful4 ,! beauty ( ^! cov]+s is ( no use to ! animals t live 9 !m4 ,!y h no eyes to see x4 ,= :at1 !n1 is x int5d$8 ,x is = our gratification4 ,! ,creator /rews beautiful ?+s ev5 on ! bottom ( ! ocean = u4 ,if ! cov]+s1 or h\ses1 z we may call !m1 ( all ! animals t live !re 7 z homely z t ( ! oy/]1 !y w\ld be z useful & com=table = !m z !y are n[1 deck$ ) _! elegant colors4 ,s f> z !y are conc]n$1 ! beauty is ?r[n away4 ,b m5 ga!r ! %ells1 &1 :ile !y admire !m1 !y see 9 ! beauty :i* ! ,creator lavi%es ev5 9 ! dep?s ( ! sea ! evid5ce ( 8 ab\nd+ goodness4 ,illu/ration ,! v>iety ( beauty 9 ! cov]+s ( birds is v great4 ,! v>i\s colors are arrang$ 9 _! plumage 9 e v>iety ( mann]1 & !re are all %ades ( ! colors1 f ! mo/ brilliant to ! mo/ delicate4 ,sid5ote3 ,! hoopoe4 ,commonly ! greate/ display 9 ! plumage ( birds is 9 ! delicate & d[ny fea!rs ( ! brea/4 ,b ! bird t y see "h1 ! hoopoe1 has its *ief beauty 9 its cre/1 :i* is ( an orange color tipp$ ) black4 ,x is "o ( ! mo/ elegant ( birds4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,! beauty ( ! peacock4 ,sid5ote3 ,its pride4 ,sid5ote3 ,its disagreeable voice4 ,9 ! peacock1 a draw+ ( :i* y h "h1 !re is a great display ( colors4 ,! animal /ruts ab\t1 &1 lift+ its tail 9 ! air1 spreads x l a fan1 & seems to be v fooli%ly pr\d ( its beauty4 ,pr\d p g5]ally h some?+ disagreeable ab\t !m1 & s x is ) ! peacock4 ,its voice is s h>% & scree*+ t no "o wants x 9 8 neighborhood4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,a bird ( p>adise4 ,sid5ote3 ,its cleanl9ess4 ,birds ( ,p>adise1 z !y are call$1 are exce$+ly beautiful4 ,!re are sev]al k9ds ( !m4 ,! mo/ common k9d is ! "o pictur$ "h4 ,i w give y an idea ( its colors4 ,mo/ ( its body is a ri* br[n2 ! ?roat is a gold5 gre52 ! head is yell[2 ! long1 d[ny fea!rs t y see s abundant ab\t ! tail are ( a s(t yell[ color4 ,?is elegant bird is v c>eful to prev5t ! lea/ speck ( dirt f gett+ on its plumage2 & :5 x sits on a bran* ( a tree x always faces ! w9d1 s t its fea!rs may n be ruffl$4 ,sid5ote3 ,humm+-birds4 ,!re is1 ,i ?9k1 9 ! humm+-birds m v>iety ( color ?an 9 any o!r k9d ( birds4 ,! colors are v brilliant1 especially ^u ! delicate fea!rs ( _! brea/s2 & !y are %ad$ 9 ! mo/ beautiful mann]4 ,i nev] saw a f9] display ( colors ?an ,i once saw 9 a collection ( humm+-birds 9 a museum 9 ,philadelphia4 ,on ! foll[+ page is an engrav+ ( a few v>ieties ( ^! birds4 ,y c see :at diff]5t %apes !y h4 ,!y are alike only 9 _! long1 sl5d] bills4 ,& :5 "o sees a l>ge collection ( !m1 ) all _! v>i$ =ms & colors1 he is /ruck ) admiration & wond]4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,beauty ( ! furs ( animals4 ,_m ( ! furs ( animals h mu* beauty1 b !re is no su* great v>iety ( color z !re is 9 ! plumage ( birds4 ,z y bl[ on a f9e fur1 & see h[ ?ickly its delicate fibres /& toge!r1 y admire its ri*ness4 ,ea* fibre ( x is 9 itself a beautiful ?+4 ,sid5ote3 ,a cat]pill>4 ,we h>dly "k :y x is t "s animals t we dislike s mu* %\ld h s mu* beauty4 ,worms & cat]pill>s are disgu/+ to u1 & yet 9 _m ( !m !re is a great display ( elegant colors4 ,:ile writ+ ?is1 ,i see "o crawl+ along on my coat-sleeve ) its num]\s feet ( curi\s %ape4 ,its color is a brilliant gre54 ,on its back /& up 9 a r[ ?ree beautiful light yell[ tufts4 ,beh9d ^!1 on a d>k /ripe1 are two fle%y-look+ r\nd bun*es1 t are a mo/ brilliant r$4 ,on its side bri/le out :ite hairs 9 bundles4 ,its head is r$1 & f x ext5d =w>d d>k color$ b v delicate feel]s1 9 two bundles4 ,i suppose !y are feel]s1 because !y are %ap$ l ! feel]s ( ! butt]fly1 :i* y see on page #aah4 ,sid5ote3 ,:y su* animals are (t5 v beautiful4 ,n[ :y is x t s mu* beauty is giv5 to su* animals8 ,x does n seem to be ( any use4 ,b ?is c n be s1 = ,god has a use = e ?+ t he makes4 ,we are to rememb] t he c make a ?+ beautiful z easily z he c make x homely4 ,& x is j ?is lesson1 p]haps1 t he means to tea* u :5 he clo!s su* creatures z worms & cat]pill>s 9 cov]+s ( beautiful colors4 ,x is diff]5t ) u4 ,we try to make beautiful only ^? ?+s t we prize mu*4 ,!re are "s ?+s t x w\ld be a fooli% wa/e ( "t = u to ornam5t4 ,?is is because we c d b little 9 mak+ ?+s beautiful4 ,b !re is no end to ,god's p[] 9 ! creation ( beauty4 ,he c1 by ! ^w ( 8 p[]1 make j z _m beautiful ?+s z he pleases4 ,que/ions4--,:at is said ab\t ! v>iety ( colors 9 insects8 ,:at is said ab\t butt]flies8 ,:at ab\t %ells8 ,is _! beauty ( any use to ! animals t live 9 !m8 ,:y is s mu* beauty put 9 !m8 ,:at is said ab\t ! v>iety ( colors 9 ! cov]+s ( birds8 ,tell ab\t ! hoopoe4 ,tell ab\t ! peacock & ab\t ! birds ( ,p>adise4 ,:at is said ab\t humm+-birds8 ,:at is said ( ! furs ( animals8 ,:at is said ab\t worms & cat]pill>s8 ,:y is s mu* beauty (t5 giv5 to su* animals8 ,,*apt] ,,xxix4 ,,h[ ,,man ,,is ,,sup]ior ,,to ,,animals4 ,sid5ote3 ,man's sup]iority 9 8 m9d4 ,y see1 f :at ,i h told y1 t man c d ) 8 h&s a great v>iety ( ?+s t animals c n d4 ,x has be5 said1 !re=e1 by "s t ! h& is ! great ?+ t makes man sup]ior to animals4 ,b ?is is n true4 ,( :at use w\ld ! h& be if !re 0 n a m9d 9 ! head t knew h[ to use x8 ,suppose t y\r cat _h a h& in/ead ( a paw1 c\ld %e write ) x8 ,no2 ! m9d 9 h] bra9 does n "k en\gh = ?is4 ,& s !re are a great _m o!r ?+s t we d ) our h&s :i* ! cat w\ld n "k en\gh to d ) h&s1 if %e _h !m4 ,s1 !n1 x is n ! h& m]ely t makes y sup]ior to a cat1 b x is ! m9d t uses ! h&4 ,y\r m9d kn[s m ?an h] m9d does1 & wants to d m ?+s ?an h] m9d ev] dreams (4 ,y\r m9d1 !re=e1 ne$s su* an in/rum5t z ! h& to d ^! ?+s )1 :ile a paw answ]s v well = ! cat4 ,sid5ote3 ,ma*9]y ( animals suit$ to _! m9ds4 ,sid5ote3 ,ma*9]y ( ! oy/]1 & ( ! cat & dog4 ,god gives to e animal j su* ma*9]y z its m9d c use4 ,if x kn[s a great deal1 t is1 if x has a great deal ( m9d1 he gives x a great deal ( ma*9]y2 b if x has b little m9d1 he gives x b little ma*9]y2 = if he gave x mu*1 x w\ld n "k h[ to "w x4 ,an oy/]1 z ,i h told y1 kn[s b little z x lies cov]$ up 9 its %ell4 ,x kn[s h[ to d only a few ?+s1 & s x has b little ma*9]y4 ,a dog or a cat kn[s a great deal m ?an an oy/]1 & !re=e x has paws1 claws1 tee?1 etc41 z ma*9]y = its m9d to use4 ,& z y\r m9d kn[s s mu* m ?an t ( a dog or cat1 x has t wond]ful ma*9e1 ! h&1 to d :at x kn[s h[ to d4 ,! m9d ( man kn[s s mu* t x w contrive1 :5 !re are no h&s1 to use o!r ?+s 9 place ( !m4 ,i once saw a man :o _h no h&s write1 & d v>i\s o!r ?+s v well ) 8 toes4 ,y "k t we g5]ally use ! "r h& mo/1 mak+ ! left h& r ! helpmeet ( ! "r4 ,b :5 ! "r h& is lo/ 9 any way1 ! m9d sets ! left to "w to le>n to d z ! lo/ "o did4 ,i once _h to cut (f ! "r arm ( a v bright little girl4 ,b h] busy m9d did n /op work+ because x _h lo/ ! be/ "p ( its ma*9]y4 ,9 less ?an a =tnight ,i saw h] sew+ ) h] left h&1 fa/5+ h] "w ) a p9 in/ead ( hold+ x z %e us$ to d4 ,sid5ote3 ,ma*9]y 9 ! face4 ,!re is "s o!r ma*9]y1 besides ! h&1 t y h :i* animals h n4 ,x is ! ma*9]y t is 9 ! face4 ,i h told y ab\t ?is be=e1 9 ! *apt] on ! muscles4 ,a dog1 :5 he is pleas$1 looks up at y & wags 8 tail2 b he c n laugh or ev5 smile2 nei!r c he fr[n4 ,:y8 ,because !re is none ( ! smil+1 & laugh+1 & fr[n+ ma*9]y !re4 ,& s x is ) o!r animals4 ,sid5ote3 ,v>iety ( expression 9 ! face4 ,! v>iety ( "w t ?is ma*9]y ( expression does 9 ! face ( man is v great1 z y c see if y wat* ! v>i$ expressions ( c\nt5ance 9 p]sons engag$ 9 animat$ conv]sation4 ,b !re is v little v>iety ( expression 9 ! face ( an animal4 ,n[ :y is x t !y h n ! same muscles ( expression t we h8 ,x is = ! same reason t !y h n h&s4 ,! m9d ( man has a great _m m ?\ghts & feel+s ?an ! m9d ( an animal has4 ,x ne$s1 !re=e1 m ma*9]y to express ^! ?\ghts & feel+s4 ,! wagg+ ( ! dog's tail answ]s v well to express 8 simple feel+ ( pleasure2 b y h s _m diff]5t pleasant ?\ghts & feel+s t y ne$ ! v>i$ play ( ! muscles ( ! face to express !m4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,! wolf4 ,sid5ote3 ,:y we h no sn>l+ muscles4 ,b "s animals h c]ta9 muscles ( expression 9 ! face t we h n4 ,!y are ! sn>l+ muscles1 z !y are call$4 ,!y draw up ! upp] lip on ea* side ( ! m\? 9 su* a way z to %[ ! long1 te>+ tee?4 ,9 ?is wolf1 ab\t to dev\r a lamb t he has caught1 y see :at a fi]ce & horrid expression ^! muscles give to ! face4 ,n[ ! reason t we h no su* muscles is t we ought nev] to h sn>l+ feel+s4 ,i h se5 bo? m5 & *ildr5 look v bad :5 !y 7 angry2 b !y w\ld h look$ a great deal worse if !y _h sn>l+ ma*9]y 9 _! faces1 z wolves1 & cats1 & dogs h 9 !irs4 ,sid5ote3 ,:y animals c n talk4 ,!re is "s ma*9]y t animals h j z we d1 :i* !y c n use to d z _m ?+s z we c1 because !y d n "k h[4 ,i w give y an example1 & !n y w see :at ,i mean4 ,did y ev] ?9k :y x is t animals c n talk8 ,x is n because !y h n ! ma*9]y = talk+4 ,_m ( !m h tongues1 tee?1 lips1 etc4 ,^! are ! ?+s t we use to talk )1 & yet1 ?\gh !y h !m1 & h a voice t comes out f _! ?roats z ours does1 !y c n talk4 ,:y is ?is8 ,x is because !y d n "k h[ to use ^! p>ts 9 talk+1 ?\gh !y d "k h[ to use !m 9 o!r ?+s1 z eat+4 ,! c[ kn[s h[ to use h] tee?1 & lips1 & tongue 9 eat+2 b if %e _h a m9d l y\rs1 %e w\ld use !m 9 talk+1 & w\ld n m]ely l[4 ,! p>rot1 y "k1 does "k h[ to talk1 aft] a fa%ion4 ,?is p>ticul> faculty is giv5 to x1 ?\gh x is r a /upid bird ab\t o!r ?+s4 ,&1 aft] all1 its talk+ is a v awkw>d imitation ( ! spee* ( man2 x only says :at x he>s p say1 & t 9 a v bungl+ mann]4 ,sid5ote3 ,"s ?+s done bett] by "s animals ?an by man4 ,?\gh man has m ma*9]y & c d m ?+s ?an any o!r animal1 !re are "s ?+s t "s animals c d bett] ?an he c4 ,man c climb1 b he c n d x z well z a cat or a monkey4 ,he c swim1 b n z well z a fi%4 ,! frog & ! gras%opp] are bett] jump]s4 ,! horse & ! dog c run fa/] ?an he c4 ,he c n see z f> z "s birds4 ,he has b two eyes1 b ! fly has ?\s&s ( eyes1 s t x c see 9 almo/ all directions at once4 ,he c n smell z well z ! dog1 :o c foll[ ! track ( 8 ma/] by ! sc5t left 9 8 foot/eps4 ,he c mimic diff]5t s\nds1 b ! mock+-bird c beat him at ?is4 ,sid5ote3 ,"s animals c d ?+s :i* man c n4 ,b1 besides all ?is1 !re are "s ?+s done by "s animals t man c n d at all4 ,he c n fly l ! birds & insects4 ,he c n g to roo/ l ! birds4 ,he c n walk along on ! wall ov] 8 head1 z ! fly does ) ! suck]s on its feet4 ,ea* animal is fitt$ to d j ^? ?+s t x ne$s to d4 ,= example1 ! monkey ne$s to climb to get 8 liv+1 & ! ,creator has !re=e made him s t he c climb v easily4 ,= ?is purpose1 in/ead ( hav+ two h&s & two feet1 z we h1 he has f\r ?+s %ap$ some:at l h&s1 ) :i* he c grasp ! limbs ( trees4 ,i might give y o!r examples1 b y c f9d _m 9 ! *apt]s on :at animals use = h&s1 ! tools ( animals1 & _! in/rum5ts ( def5se & attack4 ,que/ions4--,:at is said ab\t ! h&8 ,9 :at is man sup]ior to animals8 ,:at is said ab\t ! ma*9]y t ,god gives to diff]5t animals8 ,tell ab\t ! man t _h no h&s1 & ab\t ! girl t _h h] arm cut (f4 ,:at is said ab\t ! ma*9]y 9 ! face8 ,:at ab\t ! v>iety ( "w t ?is ma*9]y does8 ,:y d n animals h ! same muscles ( expression t man has8 ,:at muscles ( expression d "s animals h t man has n8 ,:y does n man h !m8 ,:y c n animals talk8 ,:at is said ab\t ! p>rot8 ,m5tion "s ?+s t "s animals c d bett] ?an man4 ,m5tion "s ?+s done by animals t he c n d at all4 ,:at is e animal fitt$ to d8 ,,*apt] ,,xxx4 ,,! ,,?9k+ ,,( ,,animals4 ,y saw 9 ! la/ *apt] t ! great sup]iority ( man ov] o!r animals is 9 8 m9d4 ,let u look1 n[1 at ^? ?+s 9 :i* _! m9ds are l 81 & ^? ?+s 9 :i* !y diff] f x4 ,sid5ote3 ,:at animals ?9k ab\t4 ,sid5ote3 ,! cat & ! sn[4 ,i h already told y "s ?+s ab\t ! ?9k+ ( animals4 ,"s ( !m ?9k a great deal4 ,!y ?9k ab\t :at !y see1 & he>1 & feel v mu* z we d4 ,i once _h a cat t 0 born 9 ! spr+1 aft] ! sn[ 0 all gone4 ,9 ! beg9n+ ( ! next w9t]1 ! fir/ sn[ t came 0 q deep4 ,x fell 9 ! night4 ,x 01 ( c\rse1 a new sight to my cat4 ,:5 %e came out 9 ! morn+1 %e look$ at x ) v curi\s eyes1 j z we look at any ?+ new4 ,i suppose t %e ?\ght h[ clean1 & :ite1 & pretty x 04 ,aft] look+ a little :ile1 %e pok$ ! sn[ fir/ ) "o paw & !n ) ! o!r sev]al times1 to see h[ x felt4 ,!n %e ga!r$ up betwe5 h] paws z mu* z %e c\ld hold1 & ?rew x up 9 ! air ov] h] head2 & !n %e ran swiftly all ar\nd ! y>d1 mak+ ! sn[ fly ab\t l fea!rs :]ev] %e w5t4 ,n[1 ?\gh my cat c\ld n talk1 ,i c\ld see by h] actions t h] ?\ghts & feel+s 7 v mu* su* z *ildr5 h :5 !y play 9 ! sn[4 ,sid5ote3 ,! sport ( animals4 ,animals are mu* l *ildr5 9 _! sports4 ,we notice ?is v (t5 9 dogs & cats4 ,b ! same ?+ is true ( o!r animals4 ,x is amus+ to see porpoises play+ ) ea* o!r 9 ! wat]4 ,z !y ?r[ !mselves up out ( ! wat]1 & dive d[n aga91 !y *ase ea* o!r z dogs & cats d4 ,"s birds are v lively 9 _! sports4 ,insects h _! sports also4 ,! ants1 indu/ri\s z !y g5]ally are1 h _! times = play4 ,!y run races2 !y wre/le2 !y c>ry ea* o!r on _! backs 9 ! same way t boys d2 !y run "o aft] ano!r1 & dodge ea* o!r beh9d /alks ( grass1 z boys d beh9d trees & po/s2 !y h scuffles & mock-fights toge!r4 ,v busy are _! m9ds 9 _! little bra9s 9 ^! sports--z busy z y\r m9ds are 9 y\r sports4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,sob] animals4 ,sid5ote3 ,! ,iri%man & ! owl4 ,!re are "s animals t y nev] see engag$ 9 sports4 ,_! ?\ghts seem to be always ( ! sob] k9d4 ,y nev] see toads & frogs play4 ,!y always look v grave4 ,! owl is "o ( ! sob]e/-look+ ( animals4 ,he looks z if he 0 consid]+ some?+4 ,"h is a picture ( "o4 ,a man once b\ght an owl1 suppos+ x to be a p>rot4 ,"s "o ask$ him1 a day or two aft]1 if 8 p>rot talk$ yet4 ,no1 said he1 b he keeps up a great ?9k+1 & ,i suppose he w speak 8 ?\ghts :5 he gets m acqua9t$4 ,sid5ote3 ,! ?9k+ ( animals 9 tak+ c>e ( _! "y4 ,animals ?9k a great deal 9 tak+ c>e ( _! "y4 ,:at c>e ! h5 ex]cises ov] h] brood ( *ick5s6 ,%e has "s ( ! same ?\ghts & feel+s ( love t a "m has 9 tak+ c>e ( h] *ild4 ,& ! bird1 t has h] little ones 9 ! ne/1 has _m ?\ghts ab\t !m z %e goes out to ga!r food1 & !n w+s h] way back to put x into _! op5 m\?s4 ,x is int]e/+ to wat* can>y-birds z !y hat* & re> _! "y4 ,! male bird commonly insi/s ^u x t ! female %all sit ^u ! ne/ all ! "t1 :ile he takes ^u himself ! task ( fe$+ h]4 ,a male can>y belong+ to a fri5d ( m9e 0 excessively p>ticul> on ?is po9t4 ,he w\ld n let 8 mate leave ! ne/ = a mom5t1 & if %e did he w\ld fight h] till %e w5t back4 ,he 0 exce$+ly busy 9 fe$+ h]1 & might c]ta9ly be call$ a good provid]4 ,a lady gave me a v int]e/+ acc\nt ( two orioles t built _! ne/ on a tree close by h] fa!r's h\se4 ,!y came regul>ly e ye> to ! same spot1 & ! family always knew ! v day ( _! arrival by _! joy\s s++4 ,!y seem$ to h ! same feel+s ( joy t p g5]ally d :5 !y return to a mu*-lov$ home aft] a long abs5ce4 ,at "o "t "o ( _! little ones fell f ! ne/4 ,! p>5ts manife/$ _! conc]n by fly+ ab\t 9 ! mo/ hurri$1 uneasy mann]1 & mak+ m\rnful cries4 ,! family piti$ ! poor birds1 & ! little "o 0 c>efully pick$ up1 amid ! flutt]+s & cries ( ! old birds1 & 0 replac$ 9 ! ne/4 ,& n[ ! joy ( ! p>5t birds ov] _! re/or$ "o 0 express$ by a long & m]ry peal ( song1 z !y sat p]*$ on ! bran* close by _! little ne/l+s4 ,at l5g? "o ( ^! orioles di$1 & ! o!r left ! ne/ & nev] m return$4 ,sid5ote3 ,! spid]4 ,see t spid] on 8 web4 ,he is wat*+ = flies4 ,! m9d 9 8 little bra9 ?9ks ( e fly t comes buzz+ along1 & is anxi\s t x %\ld get its legs entangl$ 9 ! sn>es t he has wov54 ,h[ glad he feels :5 he sees "o caught by ^! sn>es6 ,& if he ?9ks t !y are n /rong en\gh to hold ! fly1 he runs & quickly weaves "s m ?reads ab\t him4 ,9 ! same way d all animals t cat* _! prey ?9k v busily :ile !y are do+ x4 ,sid5ote3 ,! ?9k+ ( animals 9 build+ _! dwell+s4 ,animals ?9k mu* 9 build+ _! dwell+s4 ,! bird se>*es = :at x c use 9 build+ its ne/1 & 9 do+ ?is x ?9ks4 ,! beav]s ?9k z !y build _! dams & _! h\ses4 ,!y ?9k 9 gett+ _! mat]ials1 & also 9 arrang+ !m1 & 9 pla/]+ !m toge!r ) mud4 ,que/ions4--,:at is said ab\t ! ?9k+ ( animals8 ,:at is told ab\t a cat8 ,:at is said ab\t ! sports ( animals8 ,tell ab\t ! ants4 ,tell ab\t ! owl4 ,:at is said ab\t animals tak+ c>e ( _! "y8 ,tell ab\t ! can>y-bird4 ,tell ab\t ! orioles4 ,:at is said ab\t ! spid]8 ,:at is said ab\t animals build+ _! dwell+s8 ,,*apt] ,,xxxi4 ,,m ,,ab\t ,,! ,,?9k+ ,,( ,,animals4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,/ories ab\t ! %eph]d's dog4 ,z animals ?9k1 !y le>n4 ,"s le>n m ?an o!rs4 ,! dog le>ns a good deal2 s d ! monkey & ! elephant4 ,"s are good at le>n+ "s p>ticul> ?+s4 ,! p>rot le>ns to mimic talk+1 ?\gh x is q /upid ab\t "s o!r ?+s4 ,! mock+-bird le>ns to imitate a great _m diff]5t s\nds4 ,! %eph]d's dog1 se5 "h1 ?\gh he does n "k z mu* ab\t mo/ ?+s z dogs ( "s o!r k9ds1 und]/&s p>ticul>ly well h[ to take c>e ( %eep4 ,if he is tra9$ to ?is bus9ess1 he w %[ great skill 9 do+ x4 ,james ,hogg1 a ,scot* poet1 commonly call$ ! ,ettrick ,%eph]d1 relates _m wond]ful anecdotes ( 8 dog1 :om he call$ ,sirrah4 ,he says t "o night a l>ge flock ( lambs got out f _! fold & ran away among ! hills4 ,:5 ! %eph]d said1 8,sirrah1 !y're a' awa'60 ! dog da%$ (f aft] !m1 & 0 soon out ( sight4 ,! %eph]d also1 & 8 man1 />t$ (f 9 pursuit4 ,!y se>*$ all night1 b c\ld f9d no?+ ( ! dog or ! lambs2 b 9 ! morn+ !y espi$ ,sirrah /&+ gu>d at ! m\? ( a gorge1 or n>r[ pass1 & anxi\sly look+ = 8 ma/] to come4 ,he _h succe$$ 9 f9d+ all ! scatt]$ lambs1 & "h !y 7 9 ?is gorge1 into :i* he _h driv5 !m4 ,x is told ( ano!r dog ( ?is k9d t he w\ld pick out any /ray %eep f ! mid/ ( a :ole flock1 & drive x back to ! flock to :i* x belong$4 ,?is dog 0 once obs]v$ try+ to drive a flock ov] a bridge :i* !y 7 afraid to cross4 ,he manag$ v well1 & at l5g? succe$$ 9 gett+ !m ov]4 ,x 0 amus+ to see h[ he did x4 ,at "o mom5t he 0 driv+ up "s ( ! scatt]$ ones1 & ! next he 0 among ! =emo/1 urg+ !m =w>d4 ,aft] a :ile he made "s ( ! =emo/ pass ov]1 & !n ! :ole flock foll[$4 ,sid5ote3 ,animals build always ! same way1 & h no new fa%ions4 ,?\gh animals ?9k & le>n1 !y d n h mu* orig9ality4 ,!y always d ?+s v mu* 9 ! same way4 ,!y d n keep contriv+ "s new ways ( do+ ?+s z m5 d4 ,ea* k9d ( bird has its own way ( build+ a ne/1 & x is always ! same way4 ,! rob9s build _! ne/s n[ j z !y did hundr$s ( ye>s ago4 ,! moles build _! tunnel$ habitations "u gr\nd ye> aft] ye> aft] ! plan t y see on page #aab4 ,& s ( o!r animals4 ,!y h no new fa%ions1 & le>n none f ea* o!r4 ,b m51 y "k1 are always contriv+ new ways ( build+ h\ses1 or le>n+ !m f o!r m54 ,sid5ote3 ,:at is done by in/9ct4 ,_m ( ! ?+s t animals "k h[ to d !y seem to "k ei!r )\t le>n+1 or )\t le>n+ 9 ! same way t we le>n4 ,!y are said to d su* ?+s by in/9ct2 b :at in/9ct really is no "o c tell4 ,x is by ?is in/9ct t birds build _! ne/s1 & bees _! honeycombs1 & beav]s _! dams & huts4 ,if ^! ?+s 7 all contriv$ & ?\ght out j z m5 contrive h\ses1 !re w\ld be "s *anges 9 ! fa%ions ( !m1 & "s improvem5ts4 ,ne>ly all t we "k ab\t ?is in/9ct is t "s v nice ?+s are done by x1 )\t mu* ?9k+ be+ mix$ up ) x4 ,sid5ote3 ,h5s hat*+ duck's eggs & sitt+ on pieces ( *alk4 ,?is want ( ?9k+ sometimes leads to "s que] mi/akes4 ,if y put a duck's eggs 9 a h5's ne/1 %e w sit on !m z if !y 7 h] own eggs1 & aft] ! ducks are hat*$ %e w take c>e ( !m1 n seem+ to "k t1 !y are n *ick5s4 ,"o w\ld suppose t %e w\ld "k1 because !y look s diff]5t f *ick5s1 & h bills s unlike !irs4 ,b %e does n seem to ?9k ( ?is4 ,& x is amus+ to see h] aft] ! ducks get l>ge en\gh to g into ! wat]4 ,(f !y run1 & plunge 91 & swim ab\t1 :ile ! old h5 /&s by ! wat]1 greatly al>m$ le/ !y %\ld be dr[n$4 ,%e does n und]/& x2 %e does n "k t duckl+s h an in/9ct diff]5t f *ick5s4 ,s1 too1 if ! h5 has r\nd$ pieces ( *alk put 9 h] ne/1 %e w sit on !m z if !y 7 real eggs4 ,h] in/9ct makes h] sit2 b if %e _h mu* reason %e w\ld n sit on pieces ( *alk4 ,if %e ?\ght mu*1 %e w\ld f9d out :at !y 7 & quit h] ne/4 ,sid5ote3 ,! build+ in/9ct ( ! beav]4 ,i h m5tion$ ! build+ in/9ct ( ! beav]s4 ,an ,engli% g5tleman caught a "y "o & put him at fir/ 9 a cage4 ,aft] a :ile he let him out 9 a room :]e !re 0 a great v>iety ( ?+s4 ,z soon z he 0 let out he began to ex]cise 8 build+ in/9ct4 ,he ga!r$ toge!r :atev] he c\ld f9d1 bru%es1 baskets1 boots1 clo!s1 /icks1 bits ( coal1 etc41 & arrang$ !m z if to build a dam4 ,n[1 if he _h 8 wits ab\t him1 z we %\ld say1 he w\ld h ?\ght t !re 0 no use 9 build+ a dam :]e !re is no wat]4 ,x is f su* mi/akes z ^! t ,i h m5tion$ t ! in/9ct ( animals is said to be bl9d4 ,x is pla9 t1 :ile animals le>n ab\t ?+s by _! s5ses z we d1 !y d n ?9k ne>ly z mu* ab\t :at !y le>n1 & ?is is "o reason t !y d n "k z mu* z we d4 ,ev5 ! wise/ ( !m1 z ! elephant & ! dog1 d n ?9k ov] :at !y see & he> v mu*4 ,sid5ote3 ,h[ ! m9ds ( animals diff] f ours4 ,b ?is is n all4 ,!re are "s ?+s t we und]/& ab\t :i* animals "k no?+4 ,!y "k no?+ ab\t :at happ5$ be=e !y 7 born1 or :at happ5s n[ 9 _! lifetime away f !m 9 o!r places4 ,!y "k no?+ ab\t :at is to happ54 ,!y "k no?+ ab\t ,god & ano!r _w4 ,y c n tea* !m any ?+ ab\t any su* subjects4 ,! reason is1 t :ile _! m9ds are l ours 9 "s ?+s1 !y are diff]5t 9 o!r ?+s4 ,y c see ?is great diff]5ce betwe5 y\r m9ds & ! m9ds ( animals 9 "o ?+4 ,y nev] w\ld ?9k ( tell+ a /ory to a dog or a cat z y w\ld to a *ild1 = y "k t x w\ld n be und]/ood4 ,! m9ds ( animals are s mu* unlike ours t !y d n "k ! diff]5ce betwe5 "r & wrong4 ,"s suppose t a dog w n d c]ta9 ?+s because he kn[s t x is wrong to d !m4 ,b ?is is n s4 ,he is afraid to d :at he w\ld be :ipp$ =4 ,if he sees a piece ( meat on a table1 he w n take x simply because he kn[s 8 ma/] w\ld n l x1 & n because he kn[s t x is wrong to /eal4 ,sid5ote3 ,:at "s wise m5 are fooli% & wick$ en\gh to say4 ,i h told y t ! m9d uses ! bra9 9 ?9k+4 ,n[ "s le>n$ m5 h be5 s fooli% z to say t x is ! bra9 itself t does ! ?9k+1 j z if our bra9s1 & ! bra9s ( all animals1 are only s _m ma*9es t make ?\ghts & feel+s4 ,( c\rse1 su* m5 d n believe t1 aft] dea?1 ! m9d or s\l ( man leaves ! body & lives sep>ate f x4 ,!y believe t :5 ! body dies !re is an end to e ?+4 ,b ,god has told u diff]5tly f ?is 9 8 ^w1 & he kn[s all ab\t su* ?+s2 & ^? t pret5d to "k t x is n z ,god says x is1 %[ great wick$ness z well z folly4 ,que/ions4--,:at is said ab\t ! le>n+ ( animals8 ,tell ab\t ! %eph]d's dog4 ,:at is said ab\t ! contrivance ( animals8 ,:y d !y h no new fa%ions8 ,:at is said ab\t in/9ct8 ,tell ab\t ! h5's hat*+ duck's eggs4 ,tell ab\t h] sitt+ on pieces ( *alk4 ,:at is told ab\t ! beav]8 ,:at is "o reason t animals d n "k z mu* z we d8 ,:at ?+s d !y "k no?+ ab\t8 ,d !y "k ! diff]5ce betwe5 "r & wrong8 ,:at is said ab\t ! notions ( "s le>n$ m58 ,,*apt] ,,xxxii4 ,,:at ,,sleep ,,is ,,=4 ,sid5ote3 ,! ma*9]y ( ! body ne$s seasons ( re/ = repair+4 ,all animals h _! times = sleep+4 ,x w\ld n d = _! m9ds to use ! ma*9]y ( ! body all ! "t2 if !y did1 ! ma*9]y w\ld soon we> out4 ,! bra91 & n]ves1 & muscles1 etc41 are all repair$ dur+ sleep1 s t !y may be ready = use aga94 ,:5 y feel tir$1 x is because y\r m9d has worn ! ma*9]y ( ! body by us+ x4 ,n[1 :5 y lie d[n & sleep1 ! muscles /op work+2 no messages pass ?r\gh ! n]ves1 & ! bra9 is at re/1 because ! m9d pretty mu* /ops ?9k+4 ,b all ?is "t t y sleep ! blood keeps circulat+1 & ! brea?+ goes on4 ,:at is ?is =8 ,x is t ! repair+ ( ! ma*9]y may be done1 s z to get ! bra91 & n]ves1 & muscles ready = ! "w & ! play ( to-morr[4 ,! repair+1 y "k1 is all done ) ! blood4 ,?is is ! mat]ial = repair+ z well z = build+1 & !re=e x mu/ be circulat+ e :]e :ile y are asleep1 & ! brea?+ mu/ g on to keep ! blood 9 good ord]4 ,! repair+ ( ! body is go+ on all ! "t :ile y are awake z well z :5 y are asleep4 ,b x goes on m briskly :5 ! ma*9]y is n 9 use ?an :5 x is4 ,s we may say t :5 y are asleep ! ma*9]y is ly+ by = a full repair4 ,! same is true ( ! build+ ( ! body4 ,m ( x is done :5 y are asleep ?an :5 y are awake4 ,y are gr[+ all ! "t1 b y gr[ mo/ :5 y are asleep4 ,& x is because ! *ild is gr[+ t he ne$s m sleep ?an ! adult does4 ,! baby is gr[+ v fa/1 & s he sleeps a great deal ( 8 "t 9 ! day z well z 9 ! night4 ,sid5ote3 ,! night ! "t = sleep4 ,! night is giv5 to u z ! "t to sleep4 ,!n x is d>k & /ill1 & we c g to sleep easily4 ,mo/ animals sleep ?r\gh ! night4 ,y rememb] t ,i told y1 9 ,*apt] ,x41 ,"p ,fir/1 h[ /ill ! g>d5 becomes z ev5+ comes on4 ,! flies1 & bees1 & bugs1 & birds h gone to re/1 to get repair$ = ! next day2 s1 too1 h ! l>g] animals4 ,b x is curi\s t "s animals are busy 9 ! night1 & take _! sleep 9 ! day4 ,x is s ) ! owl & ! bat4 ,! katydid1 y "k1 does n beg9 its noise till ev5+4 ,i suppose t x sleeps 9 ! daytime4 ,^? p t /ay up late at night1 & d n get up e>ly 9 ! morn+1 make a great mi/ake4 ,!y d n take ! "r "t = sleep+4 ,!y ought n to turn night into day1 z bats1 & owls1 & katydids d1 = !y are n made = x4 ,sid5ote3 ,:y m]ely keep+ /ill w n answ]4 ,:5 y are tir$ & ne$ sleep1 ! tr\ble is n m]ely 9 ! muscles4 ,if x 01 !n keep+ /ill m]ely1 )\t sleep+1 w\ld answ]4 ,b ! bra9 & n]ves ne$ repair+ z well z ! muscles4 ,b z long z y are see+1 & he>+1 & feel+1 ! n]ves are kept too busy to be repair$ well2 & z long z y\r m9d keeps ?9k+1 ! bra9 does n get ?or\ghly repair$4 ,s1 !n1 m]ely keep+ /ill w only repair ! muscles2 & sleep is ne$$ to repair ! bra9 & ! n]ves4 ,sid5ote3 ,dream+4 ,y "k t :5 y dream v mu* y are n z mu* refre%$ z :5 y sleep s\ndly4 ,:at is ! reason8 ,x is because t :5 y dream ! m9d is n :olly at re/1 & works ! bra91 s t x is n ?or\ghly repair$4 ,sid5ote3 ,! w9t] sleep ( "s animals4 ,!re is ano!r k9d ( sleep into :i* "s animals g4 ,x is a v long sleep4 ,x la/s all w9t]4 ,great numb]s ( su* animals z frogs1 bats1 flies1 & spid]s1 g into by-places 9 ! fall to sleep till spr+ comes4 ,_m ( ! birds d ?is4 ,x is a deep] sleep ?an t :i* animals g into at night4 ,x is a diff]5t k9d ( sleep4 ,9 ! sleep at night ! blood keeps mov+1 & ! animal brea!s2 b 9 ?is w9t] sleep !re is no brea?+1 & ! blood /ops circulat+4 ,all is z /ill z dea?4 ,b !re is life !re1 j z ,i told y1 9 ,"p ,fir/1 !re is life 9 ! se$1 & 9 ! trees t look s dead 9 w9t]4 ,x is life asleep4 ,! w>m? ( spr+ wakes up aga9 ! life 9 ^! animals1 z x does ! life 9 ! trees4 ,! blood !n beg9s to circulate 9 !m1 z ! sap does 9 ! trees1 & !y come out f _! hid+-places4 ,sid5ote3 ,! long sleep ( a toad4 ,i h said t ?is sleep :i* "s animals g into la/s ?r\gh ! w9t]4 ,x may be made to la/ long] ?an ?is4 ,"s frogs 7 once kept 9 ?is w9t] sleep = ov] ?ree ye>s 9 an ice-h\se2 & !n1 on be+ br\ght out into ! w>m air1 reviv$ & hopp$ ab\t z lively z ev]4 ,we d n "k h[ mu* long] !y might h be5 kept 9 ?is sleep4 ,y rememb] t 9 ,"p ,fir/1 ,*apt] ,,xv41 ,i told y ab\t "s se$s 9 :i* ! life 0 asleep _m hundr$ ye>s4 ,& x may be t ! life might be kept asleep 9 frogs & o!r animals z long z ?is by /eady cold4 ,a toad 0 f\nd lately 9 ! middle ( a tree fa/ asleep4 ,h[ he came !re 0 n kn[n1 b ! wood _h kept gr[+ ye> aft] ye>1 & z !re 7 #fg r+s outside ( ! toad1 x 0 cle> t he _h be5 !re #fg ye>s4 ,a long sleep x 01 b he soon woke up & hopp$ ab\t l o!r toads4 ,sid5ote3 ,! w9t] sleep ( "s animals n p]fectly s\nd4 ,!re are "s k9ds ( animals t crawl into w9t] qu>t]s 9 :om life is n :olly asleep4 ,! blood moves a little1 & !y once 9 a :ile take a brea?2 &1 besides1 !y n[ & !n1 :5 ! wea!r is q w>m1 wake up en\gh to eat a little4 ,n[ x is curi\s t su* animals always lay up some?+ to eat "r alongside ( !m :5 !y g into _! w9t] sleep+-places4 ,b ^? :o d n wake up at all d n lay up any food1 = x w\ld n be us$ if !y did lay x up4 ,!y are gov]n$ by in/9ct 9 ?is matt]4 ,! field-m\se lays up at its side nuts & gra9 :5 x goes into its w9t] qu>t]s1 & :5 x is p>tly wak$ up by a w>m day1 eats a little ( 8 /ore4 ,! bat does n lay up any ?+1 al?\gh he wakes up :5 x is w>m4 ,he does n ne$ to lay up any ?+1 because ! w>m? t wakes him up wakes up also gnats & insects on :i* he lives4 ,he cat*es "s ( ^!1 & !n1 z he f9ds himself go+ to sleep aga91 he hangs himself up by 8 hooks z be=e4 ,! m>mot or wood*uck does n wake up at all1 b he always lays up "s dri$ grass 9 8 hole4 ,:at is ?is =8 ,he fe$s on x :5 he fir/ wakes up 9 ! spr+1 to get a little /r5g? be=e he comes out f 8 hole4 ,sid5ote3 ,h[ mu* life is asleep 9 ! w9t]4 ,h[ mu* life1 !n1 is asleep 9 ! w9t] 9 animals z well z 9 plants6 ,& h[ busy is life 9 its wak+ 9 ! spr+6 ,:ile ! roots & se$s 9 ! gr\nd s5d up _! %oots1 & ! sap aga9 circulates 9 ! trees & %rubs1 & ! buds swell1 multitudes ( animals are crawl+ out ( _! w9t] hid+-places into ! w>m1 balmy air4 ,& :5 ! leaves are fully out1 & ! fl[]s ab\nd1 ! e>? sw>ms ) ! busy insects1 & birds1 & creep+ ?+s1 ( :i* we saw none dur+ ! w9t]4 ,sid5ote3 ,flight ( birds s\? 9 w9t]4 ,"s ( ! birds t we see 9 ! spr+ h n be5 asleep dur+ ! cold wea!r1 b h sp5t _! w9t] at ! ,s\?1 & h n[ w+$ _! way back to sp5d _! summ] ) u4 ,!y g back & =? 9 ?is way e ye>1 guid$ by t wond]ful & my/]i\s ?+1 in/9ct4 ,h[ ?is makes !m take _! flight at ! "r "t1 & 9 ! "r direction1 we d n und]/&4 ,que/ions4--,:y d animals ne$ sleep8 ,:y d y feel tir$ aft] "w1 or play1 or /udy8 ,:y does ! blood circulate & ! brea?+ g on 9 sleep8 ,:5 is mo/ ( ! repair+ ( ! body done8 ,h[ is x ) its gr[?8 ,:at is said ab\t night z ! "t = sleep8 ,m5tion "s animals t sleep 9 ! day & are awake 9 ! night4 ,:at is said ab\t p t turn night into day8 ,:y w\ld n m]ely keep+ ! body /ill1 )\t sleep+1 answ] = our re/8 ,:at is said ab\t dream+8 ,:at is said ( ! w9t] sleep ( "s animals8 ,tell ab\t ! frogs & ! toad4 ,:y d "s animals take food into _! w9t] sleep+-places8 ,tell ab\t ! field-m\se1 ! bat1 & ! m>mot4 ,:at is said ab\t ! wak+ up ( life 9 ! spr+ 9 animals & 9 plants8 ,:at is said ab\t ! birds8 ,,! ,,*ild',s ,,book ,,( ,,nature4 ,,= ,,! ,,use ,,( ,,families ,,& ,,s*ools4 ,,int5d$ ,,to ,,aid ,,mo!rs ,,& ,,tea*]s ,,9 ,,tra9+ ,,*ildr5 ,,9 ,,! ,,obs]vation ,,( ,,nature4 ,,9 ,,?ree ,,p>ts4 ,,"p ,,iii4--,,air1 ,,wat]1 ,,heat1 ,,light1 c4 ,,by ,,wor?+ton ,,hook]1 ,m4,d41 ,,au?or ,,( 8,,fir/ ,,book ,,9 ,,*emi/ry10 8,,*emi/ry10 8,,natural ,,philosophy10 8,,natural ,,hi/ory10 ,,etc4 ,) ,illu/rations4 ,,new ,,york3 ,,h>p] ,,bro!rs1 ,,publi%]s1 ,,frankl9 ,,squ>e4 #ahhb4 ,by ,dr4 ,,wor?+ton ,,hook]4 ,,! ,,*ild',s ,,book ,,( ,,nature4 ,= ! ,use ( ,families & ,s*ools2 int5d$ to aid ,mo!rs & ,tea*]s 9 tra9+ ,*ildr5 9 ! ,obs]vation ( ,nature4 ,9 ?ree ,p>ts4 ,illu/rations4 ,! ,?ree ,p>ts complete 9 "o vol41 ,small #dto1 ,clo?1 #a #jj2 ,sep>ately1 ,clo?1 ,"p ,i41 #dj c5ts2 ,p>ts ,,ii4 & ,,iii41 #dd c5ts ea*4 ,,"p ,i4 ,,plants4--,,"p ,,ii4 ,,animals--,,"p ,,iii4 ,,air1 ,,wat]1 ,,heat1 ,,light1 c4 ,,fir/ ,,book ,,9 ,,*emi/ry4 ,= ! ,use ( ,s*ools & ,families4 ,revis$ ,edition4 ,illu/rations4 ,squ>e #dto1 ,clo?1 #dd c5ts4 ,,natural ,,hi/ory4 ,= ! ,use ( ,s*ools & ,families4 ,illu/rat$ by ne>ly #cjj ,engrav+s4 #abmo1 ,clo?1 #ij c5ts4 ,,sci5ce ,,= ,,! ,,s*ool ,,& ,,family4 ,,"p ,i4 ,,natural ,,philosophy4 ,illu/rat$ by ne>ly #cjj ,engrav+s4 #abmo1 ,clo?1 #ij c5ts4 ,,"p ,,ii4 ,,*emi/ry4 ,revis$ ,edition4 ,illu/rations4 #abmo1 ,clo?1 #ij c5ts4 ,,"p ,,iii4 ,,m9]alogy ,,& ,,geology4 ,illu/rations4 #abmo1 ,clo?1 #ij c5ts4 ,publi%$ by ,,h>p] ,,bro!rs1 ,frankl9 ,squ>e1 ,n4 ,y4 ,ei!r ( ! above volumes w be s5t by mail1 po/age prepaid1 to any "p ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates or ,canada1 on receipt ( ! price4 ,ent]$1 accord+ to ,act ( ,congress1 9 ! ye> "o ?\s& eight hundr$ & fifty-sev51 by ,,h>p] ,,bro!rs1 9 ! ,cl]k's ,(fice ( ! ,di/rict ,c\rt ( ! ,s\!rn ,di/rict ,c\rt ( ,new ,york4 ,,preface4 ,!re is no obvi\s connection betwe5 ! subjects n[ to be consid]$ & ^? :i* 7 pres5t$ 9 ,p>ts ,fir/ & ,second4 ,b1 aft] look+ at :at is ( int]e/ 9 ! plants & animals t live 9 air & wat]1 x seems appropriate to pass to ! exam9ation ( ! ph5om5a t air & wat] !mselves furni% to u4 ,& !n ) ^! subjects are naturally associat$ ! o!r subjects conta9$ 9 ?is ,"p--light1 heat1 electricity1 etc4 ,let me n be und]/ood to say t ! subjects treat$ 9 ?is ,"p are entirely disconnect$ f ^? 9 ! o!r two ,p>ts4 ,!re are _m po9ts ( connection1 result+ f ! dep5d5ce ( life ^u air1 wat]1 heat1 etc41 & also f ! me*anical pr9ciples t are br\ght into op]ation 9 ! liv+ ma*9]y ( bo? plants & animals4 ,/ill1 ! connection is n ( t obvi\s & intimate "* :i* we see betwe5 ! subjects ( ,p>ts ,fir/ & ,second4 ,i h plac$ ^! subjects la/ 9 ! ,*ild's ,book ( ,nature because !y are n1 = ! mo/ "p1 s easily und]/ood z ! subjects conta9$ 9 ! o!r ,p>ts4 ,! m9d ( ! le>n] ne$s ! tra9+ 9 obs]vation & reason+ :i* x has 9 /udy+ ! ph5om5a ( plants & animals to enable x to grasp all ( ! po9ts :i* are "h pres5t$2 & z 9 matt]1 s 9 /yle1 ,i h suppos$ an advance ( m5tal p[] 9 ! le>n]4 ,i h relax$ a little my /rictness 9 simplicity4 ,inde$1 ,i did s 9 a small degree 9 ! ,second ,"p4 ,i h be5 c>eful1 h[ev]1 n to all[ myself too mu* latitude 9 ?is respect1 b h endeavor$ ?r\gh\t to make ! advance bo? 9 /yle & matt] to correspond ) ! advance ( m5tal capacity 9 ! le>n]1 & n g beyond x4 ,! subjects ( ?is ,"p are ^? :i* are commonly rang$ "u ! g5]al t]m ,natural ,philosophy4 ,!y are n pres5t$ ei!r =mally or fully1 b ^? po9ts are select$ :i* w int]e/ a "y beg9n] & be intelligible to him4 ,i h made x an object to exclude all t are ( a diff]5t "*1 = x is v important t ! "y le>n] %\ld n be disc\rag$ ) difficulties & burd5$ ) un9t]e/+ matt]s at ! outset4 ,x w be se51 h[ev]1 t 9 mak+ ! selection allud$ to1 ,i h1 aft] all1 giv5 q a full view ( ! fundam5tal p>ts ( ! diff]5t subjects4 ,! simple pr9ciples :i* =m ! basis ( ,natural ,philosophy are mo/ ( !m v fully illu/rat$4 ,& ,i c n =be> rem>k+ t _m old] s*ol>s1 :o h pursu$ ! /udy 9 ! m =mal mann] common 9 our s*ools1 might f9d _! ideas r5d]$ m cle> & def9ite by look+ at ! simple views "h pres5t$4 ,i w\ld call ! att5tion ( ! tea*] to "o feature 9 my mode ( develop+ sci5tific subjects to ! "y1 :i* ,i deem to be ( great importance4 ,i obs]ve a natural gradation 9 _! developm5t1 beg9n+ ) ! simple/ views1 & lead+ ! le>n] gradually to ^? t are m complex & less easily und]/ood4 ,n only is "o ?+ giv5 at a "t1 b ea* ?+ is put 9 its "r place4 ,i w cite a s+le example4 ,take :at is said ab\t air4 ,fir/1 ! simple & s+le fact t x is a mat]ial ?+ is illu/rat$4 ,?is is foll[$ by notic+ :at x does :5 9 motion4 ,!n ,i %[ h[1 by its resi/ance1 birds & insects rise on ! w+4 ,next ,i pass to ! pressure ( ! air1 fir/ illu/rat+1 9 a simple way1 ! fact ( its pressure 9 all directions1 & !n pass+ to %[ h[ its pressure op]ates 9 ! pump & 9 ! b>omet]4 ,!n come illu/rations ( its pressure z exhibit$ 9 exp]im5ts ) ! air-pump1 ! imm5se pressure :i* ! body su/a9s f x1 & ! mann] 9 :i* x does ?is be+ especially notic$ & expla9$4 ,next foll[s ! ela/icity ( ! air :5 compress$1 illu/rat$ by ! op]ation ( pop-guns1 air-guns1 etc4 ,!n is illu/rat$ ! pressure ( ! air 9 mak+ balloons1 bubbles1 & o!r light ?+s rise 9 x4 ,?is leads naturally to ! consid]ation ( ! ris+ ( smoke & ! op]ation ( *imneys4 ,& !n1 la/ly1 9 ! latt] "p ( ! book1 ! action ( ! attraction ( gravitation ^u ! air is notic$1 ?us ultimately arriv+ at ! real cause ( mo/ ( ! ph5om5a ( ! air's pressure4 ,ano!r feature1 to :i* ,i w b>ely allude1 is a frequ5t ref]5ce to analogies4 ,?us1 = example1 9 giv+ ! facts ab\t air1 ,i po9t out ! resemblance betwe5 fly+ & swimm+1 betwe5 ! action ( compress$ air & t ( compress$ /eam1 & ( ! gases produc$ by burn+ p[d]1 etc4 ,?is feature n only adds int]e/ to ! v>i\s subjects1 b makes ! po9ts 9 h& m cle>1 & gives a wid] range to ! views ( ! le>n]4 ,x is ! au?or's int5tion to foll[ ?is ) o!r books calculat$ to c>ry =w>d ! s*ol> 9 8 obs]vation ( nature4 ,inde$1 ,i h already publi%$ two books1 8,fir/ ,book 9 ,physiology0 & 8,human ,physiology10 by :i* ! s*ol> c proce$ ) ! /udy ( ! subjects treat$ ( 9 ,"p ,second ( ?is book2 & z soon z ,i c d s1 ,i %all write "s books = ! purpose ( enabl+ him to g on ) ! /udy ( ! subjects treat$ ( 9 ! o!r ,p>ts4 ,! :ole toge!r w con/itute to "s ext5t a s]ies ( books on ! sci5ces1 adapt$ to ! diff]5t degrees ( advancem5t 9 ! pupils4 ,x w be obs]v$ t 9 ?is ,"p !re are _m exp]im5ts spok5 (4 ,^! ! tea*] %\ld try be=e ! pupils s f> z is practicable4 ,i h also made ext5sive use ( common ph5om5a z illu/rations ( ! po9ts pres5t$4 ,?is w t5d to =m 9 ! s*ol> ! habit ( obs]v+ :at is j ar\nd him--! common ?+s1 s mu* ov]look$ 9 education--a habit :i* is a nev]-fail+ s\rce ( in=mation & enjoym5t4 ,& bo? tea*] & s*ol>1 if !y cat* ! _s :i* ,i h endeavor$ to infuse into ! book1 w f _! own obs]vation add to ! illu/rations t ,i h giv51 & ?us mat]ially increase ! int]e/ ( ! daily recitations4 ,,wor?+ton ,,hook]4 ,,cont5ts4 ,,*apt] ,,page ,i4 ,,air #i ,,ii4 ,,air ,,9 ,,motion #ac ,,iii4 ,,fly+ ,,& ,,swimm+ #ah ,,iv4 ,,! ,,pressure ,,( ,,! ,,air #be ,v4 ,,pumps #cj ,,vi4 ,,! ,,b>omet] #cf ,,vii4 ,,! ,,air-,,pump #ci ,,viii4 ,,gases #dd ,,ix4 ,,p[d] #dh ,x4 ,,pop-,,guns #ec ,,xi4 ,,balloons ,,& ,,bubbles #eg ,,xii4 ,,m ,,ab\t ,,balloons #fc ,,xiii4 ,,heat$ ,,air #fh ,,xiv4 ,,*imneys #gb ,,xv4 ,,uses ,,( ,,wat] #gg ,,xvi4 ,,wat] ,,always ,,try+ ,,to ,,be ,,level #ha ,,xvii4 ,,! ,,pressure ,,( ,,wat] #hg ,,xviii4 ,,attraction ,,9 ,,solids ,,& ,,fluids #ib ,,xix4 ,,wat] ,,9 ,,! ,,air #ig ,,xx4 ,,cl\ds #aja ,,xxi4 ,,sn[1 ,,fro/1 ,,& ,,ice #aje ,,xxii4 ,,heat ,,& ,,cold #aaj ,,xxiii4 ,,! ,,diffusion ,,( ,,heat #aad ,,xxiv4 ,,:at ,,heat ,,does #abj ,,xxv4 ,,/eam #abe ,,xxvi4 ,,light #acj ,,xxvii4 ,,color #ace ,,xxviii4 ,,m ,,ab\t ,,color #acj ,,xxix4 ,,electricity #add ,,xxx4 ,,m ,,ab\t ,,electricity #aej ,,xxxi4 ,,magnetism #aee ,,xxxii4 ,,gravitation #aei ,,xxxiii4 ,,! ,,motion ,,( ,,! ,,e>? #afe ,,xxxiv4 ,,friction #agb ,,xxxv4 ,,conclusion #agf ,,! ,,*ild',s ,,book ,,( ,,nature4 ,,"p ,,iii4--,,air1 ,,wat]1 ,,heat1 ,,light1 ,,etc4 ,,*apt] ,i4 ,,air4 ,sid5ote3 ,air1 a ?+4 ,we speak ( a room hav+ no furniture 9 x z be+ empty2 b ?is is n exactly s4 ,!re is "o ?+ t x is full ( up to its v top4 ,x is a ?+ t y c n see2 b x is z really a ?+ z ! furniture t y c bo? see & feel4 ,?is ?+ is air4 ,if y take all y\r books out ( a box 9 :i* y keep !m1 y ?9k ( ! box z hav+ no?+ 9 x2 b x is full ( air2 & :5 y %ut x up & put x away1 y put away a box full ( air4 ,:5 ! books 7 9 x1 x 0 full ( books & air toge!r2 b n[ x is full ( air alone4 ,y see "s boys play+ foot-ball4 ,:at is x t !y are kick+ ab\t8 ,x is an ,india-rubb] ball1 y w say4 ,b is ?is all8 ,is !re n some?+ else besides ! ,india-rubb]8 ,suppose t y prick a hole 9 ! ball4 ,x is good = no?+ n[2 b ! ,india-rubb] is all !re4 ,:at makes x good = no?+8 ,x is because ! air escapes f ! hole4 ,! ball is ( no use unless y c keep x full ( t ?+ t we call air2 & 9 play+ ) x1 y kick ab\t air lock$ up 9 ! ,india-rubb]4 ,sid5ote3 ,life-pres]v]s4 ,y h he>d ( life-pres]v]s1 & p]haps y h se5 !m4 ,!y are ,india-rubb] bags t y c fill ) air by bl[+ into !m4 ,!y are made ( su* a %ape t !y c be ti$ ar\nd ! body4 ,:5 us$ 9 ?is way1 a life-pres]v] w keep "o f s9k+ 9 wat]4 ,b :y8 ,x is ! air 9 x t does ?is4 ,! air is z really a ?+ z ! wat] is1 b x is a light] ?+1 & !re=e a ?+ full ( air w float on ! wat]4 ,if y kick a foot-ball into ! wat]1 x w float1 because x is full ( t light ?+--air4 ,b if y %\ld prick a hole 9 x1 & press out ! air1 & !n ?r[ x into ! wat]1 x w\ld s9k4 ,s1 too1 ! life-pres]v] w\ld d no good if y tie x ar\nd y )\t bl[+ x up4 ,x is ! air t y bl[ into x t buoys y up 9 ! wat]4 ,sid5ote3 ,boats4 ,:y does a boat float on ! wat]8 ,x is n because ! boat itself is light] ?an ! wat] is4 ,x is commonly heavi]1 because !re is s mu* iron ab\t x4 ,! reason t x floats is t x is full ( air4 ,ev5 a boat made entirely ( iron w float = ! same reason4 ,b if !re %\ld be a leak1 s t ! boat c be fill$ ) wat]1 x w s9k4 ,s1 too1 x w s9k if y put too mu* weight 9 x4 ,sid5ote3 ,life boats4 ,sid5ote3 ,h[ life-boats are made4 ,y h he>d ( life-boats4 ,^! are made 9 su* a way t !y w n s9k1 ev5 if !y are fill$ ) wat]4 ,h[ d y ?9k t !y are made to be s mu* light] ?an o!r boats8 ,x is n because !y are built ( diff]5t mat]ials4 ,!y are made ( wood1 & are fa/5$ toge!r 9 e "p ) iron4 ,sometimes !y are made entirely ( iron4 ,b !y are built 9 a diff]5t way f common boats4 ,!y are made d\ble1 & 9 su* a way t !re are *amb]s ( air betwe5 ! two p>ts4 ,^! *amb]s are air-tight4 ,if !y 7 n !y w\ld d no good4 ,if !re 7 any op5+ into ^! *amb]s1 ! wat] w\ld g 9 & =ce out ! air4 ,! boat w\ld no long] be a life-boat4 ,x w\ld be ( no m use ?an a life-pres]v] ) no air 9 x1 or ) wat] in/ead ( air4 ,sid5ote3 ,we c feel air1 b c n see x4 ,y c n see air1 al?\gh x is a ?+2 b y c sometimes feel x4 ,y c n feel x :ile x is /ill1 z y c su* ?+s z a table or wat]4 ,y c only feel x :5 x is 9 motion4 ,:5 ! w9d bl[s ^u y1 x is air 9 motion t y feel4 ,:5 !re is a gu/ ( w9d1 z we say1 ! air comes aga9/ y j z a wave ( wat] does4 ,:5 y fan y\rself1 y make ! air /rike ^u y\r face1 & y feel x z y feel any ?+ else t /rikes y1 z wat] or a /ick4 ,! air is transp>5t1 or cle>1 l glass2 t is1 x lets ! light come ?r\gh x to y\r eyes4 ,sometimes glass is n cle>1 & y c n see ?+s pla9ly ?r\gh x4 ,s1 also1 ! air is sometimes n cle>1 z :5 !re is du/ fly+ 9 x1 or :5 !re is a fog4 ,?\gh y c n see air1 y c see :at x does :5 x is 9 motion4 ,y c see x move ! trees & o!r ?+s4 ,?is ,i w tell y ab\t 9 ! next *apt]4 ,! air is a ?+ :i* is necess>y to our life4 ,if x be %ut out 9 any way f our lungs1 great di/ress is imm$iately produc$2 & if x be %ut out only = a few m9utes1 dea? occurs4 ,i h told y 9 ,"p ,,ii41 9 ! *apt] on brea?+1 :y x is t brea?+ air is s necess>y to life4 ,sid5ote3 ,air necess>y to life4 ,air is z necess>y to ! life ( plants z x is to ! life ( animals4 ,9 animals ! air is us$ by lungs1 b 9 plants x is us$ by ! leaves4 ,?is ,i h told y ab\t 9 ! *apt] on ! uses ( leaves1 9 ,"p ,i4 ,sid5ote3 ,no?+ c burn )\t air4 ,air is ne$$ = ano!r ?+4 ,no?+ c burn )\t air4 ,x is ! air t makes wood1 & coal1 & oil1 & gas burn :5 fire is put to !m4 ,! air t is all ar\nd ! e>? does n rea* to ! sun1 & moon1 & />s4 ,x ext5ds ab\t =ty-five miles above ! e>?4 ,beyond ?is !re is no air4 ,y w want to "k h[ ?is 0 f\nd out1 z no "o has ev] be5 s f> f ! e>?4 ,i w n expla9 ?is to y n[1 = y are n old en\gh to und]/& x4 ,que/ions4--,:at is a room full ( :5 ! furniture is all tak5 out8 ,tell ab\t ! box ( books & ab\t ! foot-ball4 ,:at is said ab\t life-pres]v]s8 ,:y does a boat float on ! wat]8 ,h[ are life-boats made8 ,c y see air8 ,c y feel x :5 x is /ill8 ,:at is w9d8 ,:at is said ab\t ! transp>5cy ( air8 ,:at is said ab\t its be+ necess>y to ! life ( animals8 ,:at ab\t its be+ necess>y to ! life ( plants8 ,:at else is air ne$$ =8 ,h[ high does ! air ext5d8 ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,,air ,,9 ,,motion4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,h[ a %ip is mov$ along by air4 ,! air1 :5 x is 9 motion1 does a great deal ( "w = u4 ,x pu%es along ! %ips 9 ! wat]4 ,p]haps y ?9k t x h>dly s\nds "r to say t ! air pu%es ! %ips2 b x really does pu% !m4 ,! sails are l>ge1 broad h&les = ! air to press aga9/ 9 pu%+ ! vessels along 9 ! wat]4 ,on ! prec$+ page is a %ip ) _m sails1 & mo/ ( !m are unfurl$1 or put out = ! breeze to press ^u4 ,! air w\ld pu% a vessel along to "s ext5t1 ev5 if !re 7 no sails1 by press+ or bl[+ aga9/ ! body ( ! vessel2 b1 unless ! w9d blew v /rong1 ! air w\ld n pu% x along v fa/ 9 ?is way4 ,& s sails are put up on ma/s1 t m ( ! air may get hold1 z we may say1 s z to press on ! vessel4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,a coat us$ z a sail4 ,sometimes ! w9d helps y along z y are walk+4 ,n[1 if y take hold ( y\r coat1 & spread x out wide1 z y see ?is boy is do+1 x w be l a sail1 & ! w9d w c>ry y along fa/]1 because !re is m = ! air to press ^u4 ,s1 too1 if y h an umbrella op5 :5 ! w9d is bl[+ on y\r back1 x w be to y z ! sail is to ! %ip4 ,b if y are go+ aga9/ ! w9d1 ! outspread coat & ! op5 umbrella w\ld prev5t y\r gett+ along fa/4 ,sid5ote3 ,trees bl[n by ! w9d4 ,:5 a tree is b>e1 ! w9d sc>cely moves its bran*es2 b h[ x b5ds :5 x is full ( leaves & ! w9d bl[s /rongly ^u x6 ,x is !n l a %ip ) its sails all unfurl$2 !re is a great deal = ! air to press ^u4 ,sid5ote3 ,fa/-mov+ air4 ,sometimes we say ! w9d bl[s v h>d or v /rong2 ?is is :5 ! air moves v fa/4 ,! fa/] x moves1 ! m x w d4 ,?is is s ) o!r ?+s4 ,:5 y /rike any ?+ v h>d ) a /ick1 y d x by mak+ ! /ick move fa/4 ,:5 !re is only a g5tle breeze1 t y c j feel1 ! air is mov+ v sl[ly2 x is l ! g5tle t\* ) ! /ick4 ,b :5 ! w9d bl[s s h>d t y c sc>cely /& up1 ! air is mov+ v fa/4 ,sid5ote3 ,! bullet4 ,if a bullet is toss$ to y1 x w n hurt y to cat* x1 because x does n move v fa/2 b if a bullet %ot f a gun %\ld hit y\r h&1 x w\ld w\nd x1 & p]haps g ?r\gh x4 ,! reason is1 t ! bullet moves s fa/4 ,! fa/] x moves1 ! m h>m x w d4 ,s ! air1 :5 x moves v fa/ inde$1 is apt1 l ! bullet1 to d h>m4 ,sid5ote3 ,! locomotive4 ,y h se5 a locomotive back$ up aga9/ a tra9 ( c>s to be hit*$ on4 ,x does no damage1 because x is back$ up sl[ly4 ,x only gives a little j]k1 y "k1 to ! :ole tra94 ,n[1 if x mov$ v fa/1 x w\ld1 :5 x came to ! c>s1 break !m to pieces4 ,x is = ! same reason t fa/-mov+ air roots up trees1 bl[s d[n h\ses1 & drives %ips on %ore1 da%+ !m aga9/ ! rocks4 ,sid5ote3 ,%ip 9 a /orm4 ,:5 ! w9d bl[s h>d1 ! sailor takes 9 "s ( 8 sails4 ,! vessel w\ld g too fa/ if he left !m all out1 because !re w\ld be s mu* = ! air to press on4 ,if ! w9d bl[s v h>d inde$1 he takes d[n all ! sails1 fa/5+ !m v tightly1 s t ! w9d may n loos5 !m4 ,ev5 ) all ! sails d[n ! %ip w g q fa/ en\gh1 p]haps ev5 too fa/1 pu%$ along by ! w9d t /rikes "r ^u x4 ,"h is a %ip 9 a /orm4 ,y see h[ ! sailors h ti$ up mo/ ( ! sails4 ,"o ( !m has be5 torn f its fa/5+s by ! viol5ce ( ! w9d1 & is 9 tatt]s4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,h[ waves are made4 ,! waves t y sometimes see rise s high are made by ! /rik+ ( ! air ^u ! wat]2 & ! fa/] ! air moves ov] ! wat]1 ! high] !y rise4 ,:5 ! air is v /ill !re is sc>cely a ripple1 & ! wat] looks l smoo? glass2 & y w\ld h>dly ?9k1 z y look ^u x1 t su* a light ?+ z air is c\ld :ip x into su* waves z y sometimes see4 ,! waves 9 ! ocean are mu* high] ?an !y are 9 a riv]4 ,?is is because ! w9d bl[s ov] s mu* great] an ext5t ( wat] 9 ! ocean4 ,sid5ote3 ,small & great :irlw9ds4 ,y h he>d ( :irlw9ds4 ,9 ^! ! air moves 9 a :irl+ way in/ead ( /raight =w>d4 ,y sometimes see little :irlw9ds 9 ! /reet2 & z %av+s & o!r light ?+s are :irl$ ab\t 9 !m1 & are c>ri$ up 9 ! air1 y c imag9e :at damage l>ge :irlw9ds c d1 twi/+ up trees & te>+ h\ses 9 pieces4 ,z y c n see ! air1 & x is a v light ?+1 y commonly ?9k ( x z be+ almo/ no?+1 & yet x does ^! great ?+s t ,i h m5tion$4 ,:5 we see ?is light ?+ raise ! waves1 & move ! heavy %ips along s swiftly1 we see t !re is great p[] 9 x4 ,que/ions4--,h[ does ! air make a %ip g8 ,:at is ! ne$ ( sails8 ,:at is said ab\t ! air's help+ y along 9 walk+8 ,:y does ! w9d b5d a tree s mu* t is cov]$ ) leaves8 ,:at is true ab\t ! air :5 ! w9d bl[s h>d8 ,give ! comp>ison ab\t ! /ick1 ! bullet1 & ! locomotive4 ,:y does ! sailor take d[n "s ( 8 sails :5 ! w9d bl[s h>d8 ,:at is said ab\t waves8 ,:y are !y high] 9 an ocean ?an 9 a riv]8 ,:at is said ab\t :irlw9ds8 ,,*apt] ,,iii4 ,,fly+ ,,& ,,swimm+4 ,y c jump (f f ! gr\nd j a little way into ! air1 b y c n fly into x1 z ! birds d4 ,x is because y h no w+s4 ,b h[ is x t ! birds fly ) _! w+s8 ,!y pu% !mselves up ) !m into ! air4 ,b p]haps y w say t !y d n h any ?+ to pu% aga9/1 = !re is no?+ b air ab\t !m4 ,n[ x is ! air itself t !y pu% aga9/4 ,!y press d[n ^u ! air ) _! w+s1 j z y press ) y\r feet on ! gr\nd :5 y jump up2 & z ! bird1 :5 x gets once />t$1 keeps work+ its w+s1 x goes up & up1 pu%+ d[n aga9/ ! air ea* "t t its w+s are mov$4 ,sid5ote3 ,h[ w+s raise ! birds 9 ! air4 ,sid5ote3 ,:y !y are s l>ge4 ,x is necess>y t birds %\ld h v l>ge w+s to raise !mselves up ?us 9 ! air4 ,if _! w+s 7 small1 !y w\ld d no good1 because !y w\ld n press ^u en\gh ( ! air4 ,y c move y\r h&s 9 ! same way t ! bird does its w+s1 b y c n raise y\rself (f f ! gr\nd4 ,:y8 ,because y\r h&s are s small t !y press only ^u a little ( ! air4 ,if y\r h&s 7 z broad = y z ! w+s ( birds are = !m1 & y _h ! prop] muscles to "w !m1 y c\ld fly4 ,sid5ote3 ,fly+ 9 wat]4 ,sid5ote3 ,! kite4 ,y c le>n to fly1 b x is 9 ! wat]1 & n 9 ! air1 t y c d x4 ,swimm+ is really fly+ 9 wat]4 ,! h&s & feet d = ! swimm] :at ! w+s d = ! bird4 ,he presses aga9/ ! wat] ) 8 h&s & feet 9 ! same way t ! bird does aga9/ ! air ) its w+s4 ,sometimes y see a bird dive d[n f a great way up 9 ! air1 9 ! same way t ! swimm] does 9 ! wat]4 ,:5 x does ?is its w+s are v /ill1 & are fold$ close to its side1 z y see "h 9 ! kite2 b :5 x goes up aga9 x works its w+s up & d[n1 j z ! swimm] works 8 feet & h&s :5 he is ris+ 9 ! wat]4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,! tail ( a fi% l a scull+ o>4 ,fi%es swim *iefly ) _! tails4 ,! tail is to a fi% 9 ! wat] :at w+s are to a bird 9 ! air4 ,x acts l a scull+ o> 9 a boat1 z ,i told y 9 ,"p ,second1 ,*apt] ,,xxiii4 ,! f9s are ! balanc]s1 :ile ! tail works ! fi% =w>d by its quick movem5ts to "o side & ! o!r4 ,y c see ?is v pla9ly if y wat* gold-fi%es z y see !m 9 a glass vessel4 ,sid5ote3 ,:y we c n fly 9 ! air ) our h&s4 ,obs]ve :y x is t y c n fly ) y\r h&s 9 ! air 9 ! same way t y c swim ) !m 9 ! wat]4 ,! wat] gives way "u y\r h&s j z ! air does1 b ! air gives way mu* m easily ?an ! wat]1 because x is s mu* light]4 ,z ! air gets out ( ! way s easily1 y c n fly 9 x unless y h some?+ v broad1 s z to press d[n on a great deal ( x at ! same "t4 ,to fly1 y mu/ h l>ge w+s in/ead ( small h&s4 ,y c see :at a diff]5ce !re is betwe5 h&s & w+s by try+ a little exp]im5t4 ,move ab\t y\r h& 9 ! air4 ,y d x ) p]fect ease1 & ! air does n seem to resi/ ! h& at all4 ,n[ take a l>ge palm-leaf fan & move t ab\t4 ,y c n d ?is s easily z y mov$ y\r h&1 unless y move x edgewise4 ,:y is ?is8 ,because x presses ^u s mu* m air ?an y\r h& does1 & ! resi/ance ( s mu* air to ! fan y c feel z y pu% x out ( ! way4 ,! fan takes hold1 z we may say1 ( m air ?an y\r h& does1 & s does also ! w+ ( a bird4 ,did y ev] ?9k h[ l>ge w+s y w\ld ne$ to fly )8 ,y w\ld h to press ^u a great deal ( air to c>ry y\r body up z ! birds d !irs4 ,see h[ l>ge ! w+s ( a bird are1 z !y are /ret*$ out4 ,!y are bo? v long & v broad2 &1 besides1 ! bird is n s l>ge z he seems to be4 ,y w see ?is if all ! fea!rs are /ripp$ f its body4 ,if ?is be done :ile ! w+s are left :ole1 x w seem to y t x takes v l>ge w+s to raise a v little body4 ,y c see1 !n1 t x w\ld require v l>ge w+s inde$ to c>ry y\r body up 9 ! air2 & /ill l>g] ones to c>ry up a man4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,w+s ( ! swift4 ,"h is a bird t flies s fa/ t x is call$ ! swift4 ,its w+s1 y see1 are v long4 ,y d n see h[ broad !y are1 because !y are n fully spread out 9 ! figure4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,w+s ( ! bat4 ,b !re is no animal t has a great] ext5t ( w+ ?an ! bat1 unless x be "s ( ! insects4 ,?is is ! reason :y x flies s swiftly4 ,y c see 9 ?is figure ( ! long-e>$ bat :at a l>ge am\nt ( air its w+s press ^u z x works !m4 ,! w+s ( insects t fly v swiftly are v l>ge 9 proportion to _! bodies4 ,?is y c see 9 ! butt]fly t flies s nimbly f fl[] to fl[]4 ,^? t fly r sl[ly1 z ! bumble-bee1 h n v l>ge w+s4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,! fly+ fi%4 ,i believe t !re is only "o k9d ( fi% t c fly 9 ! air4 ,x is repres5t$ "h4 ,y c see t ! f9s ) :i* x flies are n ne>ly s l>ge z ! w+s ( a bird ( ! same size w\ld be4 ,x !re=e c n fly v high or f>4 ,! highe/ t x 0 ev] kn[n to fly is tw5ty feet1 & usually x skims along only two or ?ree feet above ! wat]4 ,x does n g up into ! air 9 ! same way t a bird does4 ,x gets its upw>d />t f ! wat]1 & all t x does ) its w+-l f9s is to keep itself up1 :i* x sometimes does = p]haps five or six hundr$ feet4 ,x takes ?is flight 9 ! air 9 flee+ f "s l>ge fi%1 & 9 ?is way (t5 escapes be+ dev\r$4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,! fly+ squirrel4 ,t beautiful animal1 ! fly+ squirrel1 :i* y see "h1 has a fold ( sk9 ext5d+ f ! =e leg to ! h9d leg on ea* side4 ,^! folds answ] some:at z w+s :5 !y are /ret*$ out4 ,v graceful is ! movem5t :5 ! animal takes a long1 fly+ sweep f "o tree to ano!r4 ,b he c n g up 9 ! air z a bird does1 = ! folds are n ne>ly s l>ge z real w+s1 & s d n press ^u en\gh air to c>ry him up4 ,he c only take ! sweep t ,i h m5tion$4 ,sid5ote3 ,%ape ( ! w+s ( birds4 ,sid5ote3 ,h[ !y are us$ 9 fly+4 ,obs]ve ! %ape ( ! w+s ( birds4 ,!y are r r\nd$ on ! upp] surface1 & holl[$ out und]nea?4 ,!y are %ap$ 9 ?is way to make ! fly+ easy4 ,?is ,i w expla9 to y4 ,:5 rais+ ! w+1 ! air goes easily (f f ! r\nd$ surface2 b :5 x is mov$ d[nw>d1 ! air c n get away easily f ! holl[$ surface4 ,! w+ gets hold1 z we may say1 ( "s ( ! air1 &1 press+ ^u x1 raises up ! bird4 ,y c see h[ ?is is by mov+ an op5 umbrella 9 ! air4 ,y c move x v easily if y pu% ! out] r\nd$ surface /raight =w>d aga9/ ! air4 ,?is is because ! air moves (f f ! r\nd surface ( ! umbrella z easily z x does f ! upp] surface ( ! bird's w+4 ,b if y move ! umbrella ) ! inn] holl[$ surface aga9/ ! air1 y f9d x r h>d "w4 ,:y8 ,x is because ! air is caught 9 ! holl[ ( ! umbrella z x is 9 ! holl[ ( ! bird's w+4 ,b ?is is n all4 ,! bird1 9 rais+ its w+1 does n move x /raight upw>d4 ,x moves x 9 su* a way t x r cuts ! air ) its =w>d edge4 ,x does ?is to get x up ) little resi/ance f ! air4 ,b :5 x moves x d[nw>d1 x wants to get z mu* resi/ance f ! air z x c1 s x moves x /raight d[n1 & n edgewise4 ,y c see h[ ?is works by mov+ a palm-leaf fan ab\t 9 ! air4 ,move x edgewise1 & x goes v easily4 ,?is is l ! upw>d motion ( ! bird's w+4 ,b move x broadside aga9/ ! air1 & y feel consid]able resi/ance4 ,t is1 ! air resi/s ! pressure ( ! fan1 j z x resi/s ! pressure ( ! w+ 9 ! d[nw>d /roke4 ,sid5ote3 ,h[ ! h&s are us$ 9 swimm+4 ,! swimm] manages 8 h&s 9 ! wat] 9 ! same way t ! bird does its w+s 9 ! air4 ,:5 he raises 8 h&s =w>d1 he does x edgewise2 b :5 he presses !m d[n1 he moves !m flat aga9/ ! wat]1 s z to press ^u z mu* wat] z he c4 ,que/ions4--,h[ is x t birds fly8 ,:y d !y h l>ge w+s8 ,:y c y n fly8 ,h[ is swimm+ l fly+8 ,:at d fi%es swim )8 ,:y c n y fly 9 ! air z well z swim 9 ! wat]8 ,tell ab\t ! exp]im5t ) ! fan4 ,:at is said ab\t ! size ( birds' w+s8 ,tell ab\t ! bird call$ ! swift4 ,tell ab\t ! bat4 ,:at is said ab\t ! fly+ fi%8 ,:at ab\t ! fly+ squirrel8 ,:at is said ( ! %ape ( w+s ( birds8 ,give ! comp>ison ( ! umbrella4 ,tell h[ ! bird moves its w+s upw>d & d[nw>d4 ,give ! comp>ison ( ! fan4 ,give ! comp>ison ab\t swimm+4 ,,*apt] ,,iv4 ,,! ,,pressure ,,( ,,! ,,air4 ,sid5ote3 ,air presses 9 :]ev] room is made = x4 ,! air is e :]e4 ,x is always ready to g :]e !re is room made = x4 ,if we move a bureau or any ?+ out ( a room1 ! air fills up all ! place :]e x /ood4 ,if y make a hole 9 any ?+1 ! air at once presses 9 to fill x up4 ,e crack & crevice is fill$ ) air4 ,y "k h[ mu* wat] a sponge w hold4 ,!re are a great _m little cells or spaces 9 x t hold ! wat]4 ,n[ squeeze ! wat] out1 & z ! wat] goes out ( ^! cells1 ! air presses into !m & fills !m up4 ,s1 too1 if y h any liquid 9 a b>rel1 j s fa/ z y draw x (f1 ! air goes 9 to take its place4 ,illu/ration ,:5 y pull ! h&les ( a pair ( bell[s ap>t1 z repres5t$ "h1 y make m space 9 ! bell[s1 & ! air ru%es 9 to fill up ?is space4 ,x is ! same ) brea?+4 ,:5 y brea! 91 or draw a brea?1 z we say1 ! air goes d[n into y\r lungs ?r\gh ! w9dpipe4 ,?is is because ! *e/ is made l>g] z x heaves1 & s !re is m room 9 ! lungs2 & ! air goes 9 to fill up ?is room1 j z x does 9 ! bell[s4 ,:5 ! air moves v fa/1 x is1 y "k1 (t5 v inconv5i5t1 & sometimes does mu* h>m1 z :5 h\ses are bl[n d[n1 or :5 %ips are driv5 ^u a rocky %ore4 ,b commonly x is v accommodat+4 ,x is s easily mov$ out ( ! way t we d n ?9k ( its be+ 9 ! way at all4 ,:5 y are walk+1 y\r body pu%es ! air "o way & ! o!r1 j z a man pu%es p]sons to ! "o side & ! o!r :5 he goes ?r\gh a cr[d2 & z ! p close up beh9d him z he moves along1 s ! air closes up beh9d y z y walk ?r\gh x4 ,n[1 if ! cr[d 7 fac+ him1 & %\ld pu% aga9/ him1 he w\ld f9d x sl[ & h>d "w to get ?r\gh4 ,s1 :5 ! w9d bl[s /rongly 9 y\r face1 x is h>d walk+1 & y get along sl[ly1 because ! air presses aga9/ y s h>d4 ,sid5ote3 ,air easily mov$ out ( ! way4 ,sid5ote3 ,:y x is easi] to walk 9 air ?an 9 wat]4 ,! air is pu%$ out ( ! way easily because x is s light4 ,?is is ! reason t x is easi] to walk 9 air ?an 9 wat]4 ,! wat]1 z y wade 9 x1 is pu%$ to ! "o side & ! o!r1 z ! air is :5 y walk 9 x2 b x is n done s quickly & easily2 &1 z x is easi] to walk ) ! w9d ?an aga9/ x1 s x is easi]1 9 a runn+ /ream1 to wade d[n /ream ?an up aga9/ ! curr5t4 ,! air is s light a ?+ t y h>dly ?9k ( x z press+ on any ?+2 b x does press on e ?+4 ,let u see :at ?is pressure does4 ,illu/ration ,see ?is glass tube4 ,x is op5 at ! end :i* is 9 ! vessel ( wat]1 b x is clos$ at ! o!r end4 ,x is full ( wat]4 ,b wat] is apt to run d[n :5ev] x c get a *ance to d x4 ,n[ :at makes x /ay up 9 ?is tube8 ,x is kept up by ! air t presses on ! wat] 9 ! vessel4 ,if y c\ld take away ! air f all ab\t ! vessel1 ! wat] 9 ! tube w\ld come d[n into ! vessel1 because !re w\ld be no?+ !re to hold x up4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,exp]im5ts %[+ ! pressure ( ! air4 ,!re is ano!r way 9 :i* ! wat] 9 ! tube c be made to run d[n into ! vessel4 ,let a little hole be made 9 ! top ( ! tube1 & ! air w g into x1 & make ! wat] run d[n by press+ on x4 ,ev5 if x be only a p9-hole1 ! air1 ready to g 9 e :]e1 w ru% 91 & d[n ! wat] w all g4 ,n[ y c n v well make a hole 9 ! top ( ! tube1 b y c try ! exp]im5t 9 ano!r way1 s z to %[ :at lett+ ! air 9 w d4 ,! exp]im5t is repres5t$ "h4 ,y take a glass tube op5 at bo? ends4 ,cov]+ "o end tight ) ! palm ( y\r h&1 y fill ! tube ) wat]4 ,!n c>efully put ! o!r end "u wat]1 & hold x z y see "h4 ,! wat] w /ay up 9 ! tube z long z y keep ! palm ( y\r h& tight ov] ! top ( x2 b loos5 y\r h&1 & ! air w g 9 & pu% d[n ! wat] into ! vessel4 ,y c see1 f :at ,i h told y1 :y a v5t-hole is ne$$ 9 a b>rel f :i* we draw any liquid4 ,if ! b>rel be tapp$1 ! liquid w n run out1 unless ! air c get 9 above s z to press x out4 ,till ! v5t-hole is made1 ! liquid w /ay 91 j z ! wat] /ays up 9 ! tube 9 ! exp]im5t4 ,:5 we make ! v5t-hole1 we d ! same to ! b>rel z we %\ld d to ! tube if we %\ld make a little hole 9 ! top ( x1 or z y d to ! tube 9 ! second exp]im5t :5 y loos5 y\r h& at ! top ( x to let ! air 94 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,exp]im5t %[+ t ! air presses upw>d z mu* z d[nw>d4 ,?is pressure ( ! air t ,i h told y ab\t is 9 e direction4 ,x is upw>d & sideways z well z d[nw>d4 ,?is may be %[n by ano!r exp]im5t ) a glass tube1 z repres5t$ "h4 ,fill ! tube ) wat]1 & !n place c>efully ov] its op5 end a smoo? slip ( pap]4 ,y c !n turn x ov] s t ! op5 end %all be d[nw>d1 z se5 9 ! figure1 & ! wat] w n run out4 ,:at is ! reason ( ?is8 ,x is because ! pressure ( ! air on ! pap] keeps ! wat] 94 ,we c (t5 succe$ ) ?is exp]im5t ) a w9e-glass1 or ev5 a common tumbl]1 ?\gh we c d x m easily ) some?+ t has a small] op5+4 ,sid5ote3 ,h[ bubbles ( air ru% 9 among ! p>ticles ( a liquid4 ,b y w ask1 p]haps1 ?is "q3 ,if x be ! pressure ( ! air t keeps ! wat] f runn+ out1 :at ne$ is !re ( ! pap]8 ,! pap] m]ely s]ves to keep ! surface ( ! wat] smoo? & :ole4 ,if ! pap] 7 n !re1 ! air w\ld get 9 betwe5 ! p>ts ( ! wat]1 & w\ld ru% up & =ce ! wat] out4 ,= ! same reason1 if1 in/ead ( ! small hole commonly made 9 tapp+1 a l>ge hole be made 9 ! b>rel1 ! liquid w run out )\t any v5t-hole4 ,9 ?is case1 ! air has a *ance to "w itself 9 among ! p>ts or p>ticles,a#c ( ! liquid1 & g 9 bubbles up into ! upp] "p ( ! b>rel4 ,a m]e slip ( pap] put on ! hole w\ld keep ! liquid 91 z 9 ! case ( ! tube or ! w9e-glass1 & = ! same reason4 ,y "k t !re is a gurgl+ s\nd made :5 a liquid is p\r$ f a jug or a bottle4 ,?is is caus$ by ! bubbles ( air t pass 9 :ile ! liquid is com+ out4 ,que/ions4--,:at is said ab\t ! air's be+ e :]e8 ,tell ab\t ! sponge & ! b>rel4 ,h[ is brea?+ l us+ a pair ( bell[s8 ,:at is said ab\t ! ease ) :i* air is mov$ out ( ! way8 ,give ! comp>ison ab\t go+ ?r\gh a cr[d4 ,:y is ! air pu%$ out ( ! way s easily8 ,:at is said ab\t wad+ 9 wat]8 ,tell ab\t ! exp]im5t ) ! glass tube op5 at "o end4 ,:y is a v5t-hole ne$$ 9 a b>rel :5 we want to draw (f :at is 9 x8 ,give ! comp>ison to ! exp]im5ts ) ! tube4 ,h[ c y %[ t ! air passes upw>d & sideways z well z d[nw>d8 ,:at does ! pap] d 9 ?is exp]im5t8 ,:y is !re no ne$ ( a v5t-hole :5 a l>ge op5+ is made 9 a b>rel8 ,:at makes ! gurgl+ :5 a liquid is p\r$ f a jug or a bottle8 ,footnote ,a#c3 ,i expla9 ab\t ! p>ticles ( wat] f>!r on1 9 ! #af? & #ag? *apt]s4 ,,*apt] ,v4 ,,pumps4 ,sid5ote3 ,explanation ( ! op]ation ( suck+4 ,y "k t y c suck up wat] or any fluid ?r\gh a /raw or any o!r tube4 ,n[ :at is x t makes ! wat] g up ?r\gh ! tube into y\r m\?8 ,i w tell y4 ,:5 y put ! tube into y\r m\? x is full ( air1 & s long z ! air is !re ! wat] w be kept out2 b :5 y suck y remove ! air f ! tube2 & z ! air goes out1 ! wat] comes 91 foll[+ "r on aft] ! air4 ,b :at makes ! wat] come 98 ,does x come 9 ( itself because !re is room made = x8 ,no4 ,wat] c n move itself4 ,x mu/ be mov$ by some?+ else4 ,x is ! air press+ on ! wat] 9 ! vessel y are suck+ f t pu%es x up into ! tube4 ,y d n really draw up ! wat]4 ,y get ! air out ( ! way 9 ! tube1 & !n ! air t is all ! "t press+ on ! wat] 9 ! vessel pu%es x up into y\r m\?4 ,z soon z y /op suck+1 & take y\r m\? f ! tube1 ! wat] t is 9 ! tube w run d[n into ! vessel1 because x is press$ d[n by ! air t goes 9 at ! top ( ! tube4 ,y "k t y h to suck commonly sev]al times be=e ! wat] w rea* y\r m\?4 ,if ! tube is a v l>ge "o1 y suck a great _m times to get all ! air out ( x4 ,at fir/ y suck out a little ( ! air 9 ! tube1 & ! wat] is pu%$ up to take its place2 !n y suck a little m out1 & m wat] is pu%$ up1 & s on till x rea*es ! top ( ! tube4 ,"h is a boy t has p>tly fill$ 8 tube1 & "o m suck w\ld br+ ! fluid to 8 m\?4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,h[ pump+ is l suck+4 ,y c n[ see h[ we pump up wat] out ( a well or ci/]n4 ,! wat] is n drawn up1 b x is pu%$ up j z x is 9 ! tube :5 y suck4 ,:5 y "w ! h&le1 y d ! same ?+ = ! pump t y\r m\? does = ! tube 9 suck+ any liquid2 & :5 ! pump has n be5 work$ = "s "t1 y h to move ! h&le up & d[n sev]al times be=e ! wat] comes1 j z y h to suck sev]al times to fill a tube ( any l5g? ) wat]4 ,sid5ote3 ,! op]ation ( a pump expla9$4 ,i w %[ by "s figures h[ a pump op]ates4 ,9 ! fir/ figure ! h& is rais+ ! h&le1 z y "k we always d :5 we beg9 to pump4 ,! rais+ ( ! h&le1 y see1 makes ! pi/on1 z x is call$1 g d[n 9 ! pump4 ,"h x is go+ d[n ?r\gh air1 = ! wat] has n z yet got up z f> z ! pi/on4 ,n[1 if ?is pi/on 7 a :ole solid piece ( wood1 x w\ld d no good1 = x w\ld press ! air d[n be=e x4 ,b x is n solid4 ,x has a hole ?r\gh x1 & a sort ( clapp] or valve on ! hole4 ,!re=e1 z ! pi/on goes d[n1 ! air pu%es up ! valve1 & goes up ?r\gh ! hole4 ,y see t ?is air is %ut 9 betwe5 ! pi/on & ! wat]2 & :5 ! pi/on presses d[n1 ! only way = x to get out ( ! way is to press ^u t little door1 & g up above ! pi/on4 ,illu/ration ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,explanation ( ! pump cont9u$4 ,well1 ! h&le is up4 ,! next ?+ is to br+ x d[n1 z repres5t$ 9 ?is picture4 ,z ! h&le goes d[n1 ! pi/on goes up1 z y see4 ,y rememb] t ,i told y t1 z ! pi/on 0 go+ d[n1 z se5 9 ! fir/ figure1 "s ( ! air w5t up ?r\gh ! hole & got above ! pi/on4 ,n[ ?is air c n get d[n aga91 = ! mom5t t ! pi/on beg9s to move up1 ! air1 press+ on ! valve1 %uts x d[n4 ,n[1 z ! pi/on goes up1 !re is room made bel[ x4 ,h[ is ?is room fill$8 ,! air t is !re1 z y see1 rises up to fill x1 & ! wat] foll[s ! air4 ,illu/ration ,! next mov+ ( ! pi/on d[n w c>ry x bel[ all ! air & d[n into ! wat]2 & ! wat] w g up ?r\gh ! little door1 j z ! air has done be=e x4 ,!n ! mov+ ( ! pi/on up w c>ry ?is wat] s high z to make x run out ( ! m\? ( ! pump1 z se5 9 ?is figure4 ,b !re is a valve 9 ! pump t ,i h said no?+ ab\t z yet4 ,?is l[] valve op]ates 9 ?is way3 ,z ! air or ! wat] goes up 9 ! pump1 ! valve is pu%$ op5 by x1 z y see 9 ! second figure & 9 ! la/ "o2 b :5 ! pi/on works d[n1 z se5 9 ! fir/ figure1 ?is valve is %ut1 s t all ! wat] t gets above x is safe1 & c n g back4 ,:at is x t makes ! air & ! wat] rise 9 ! pump8 ,all t gets above ! pi/on is lift$ up by ! pi/on1 z y see4 ,b :at makes t rise :i* is bel[ ! pi/on8 ,x is ! pressure ( ! air on ! wat] 9 ! well or ci/]n4 ,?is pu%es up ! wat] z fa/ z !re is room made = x4 ,if a ci/]n 7 full ( wat]1 & 7 air-tight also1 y c\ld n pump up ! wat] f x4 ,y mu/ h air !re to pu% up ! wat]1 or x w n come up :5 y make room = x by work+ ! pump4 ,sid5ote3 ,h[ ! tongue 9 suck+ acts l ! pi/on ( a pump4 ,y see1 !n1 t suck+ & pump+ are v mu* alike4 ,9 ! pump ! pi/on makes ! room = ! air & ! wat] to be pu%$ up into4 ,n[1 :5 y suck1 !re is a pi/on t op]ates v mu* z ! pi/on ( a pump does4 ,y\r tongue is ! pi/on4 ,see h[ ?is is4 ,:5 y suck ?r\gh a tube held 9 wat]1 y move y\r tongue 9 su* a way z to make a space 9 ! m\?1 & ! air 9 ! tube is pu%$ 9 to fill up ?is space2 & :5 ! air is all pu%$ 91 ! wat] is pu%$ 9 aft] x4 ,bo? are pu%$ 91 z ,i h be=e told y1 by ! air press+ on ! wat] 9 ! vessel4 ,x is j z wat] is pu%$ up into a squirt-gun :5 y draw ! pi/on4 ,?is pi/on does 9 ! gun1 :5 y draw x1 ! same ?+ t y\r tongue does 9 y\r m\? :5 y move x 9 suck+4 ,x makes space1 & ! wat] is pu%$ into ! gun1 z x is into ! m\?1 to fill up ?is space4 ,! way 9 :i* ! space is made 9 ! m\? 9 suck+ is ?is4 ,be=e y beg9 to suck1 ! tongue fills ! m\?1 s z to be up aga9/ its ro(2 b :5 y suck1 y move ! tongue d[n f ! ro( ( ! m\?1 & ?is makes a space !re2 & :atev] is 9 ! tube1 :e!r x be air or wat]1 is pu%$ 9 to fill ?is space4 ,sid5ote3 ,! common language ab\t suck+ & pump+ incorrect4 ,! common language1 !n1 :i* is us$ ab\t suck+ & pump+ is n exactly correct4 ,:5 we suck or pump1 x seems to u z if ! liquid 0 drawn up1 & s we use ! ^w draw 9 reg>d to x4 ,s1 too1 we talk ab\t ! suction or draw+ p[]4 ,b1 z ,i h %[$ y1 ! liquid is pu%$ up in/ead ( be+ drawn4 ,all t ! pi/on 9 a pump does is to make room4 ,x does n draw ! wat] into t room1 b ! pressure ( ! air =ces x 94 ,:5ev] !re is any room made1 ! air is always ready ei!r to g 9 itself or to =ce some?+ else 94 ,que/ions4--,expla9 ! op]ation ( suck+ up wat] ?r\gh a tube4 ,:y does ! wat] 9 ! tube run d[n into ! vessel :5 y /op suck+ & take y\r m\? away8 ,:y is x t y commonly h to suck sev]al times be=e ! wat] rea*es y\r m\?8 ,h[ is pump+ l suck+8 ,:at is %[n by ! fir/ figure8 ,:at by ! second8 ,:at by ! ?ird8 ,expla9 ! op]ation ( ! l[] valve ( ! pump4 ,:at makes ! air & ! wat] rise 9 ! pump8 ,:y w\ld !y n rise if ! ci/]n 7 full & 7 air-tight8 ,expla9 h[ ! tongue acts z a pi/on 9 suck+4 ,give ! comp>ison ab\t ! squirt-gun4 ,:at is said ab\t ! language us$ ab\t suck+ & pump+8 ,,*apt] ,,vi4 ,,! ,,b>omet]4 ,wat] c be rais$ 9 a pump only to a c]ta9 height1 & ! mi/ake has sometimes be5 made ( gett+ ! pump s long t x w\ld n "w4 ,if x be m ?an ab\t ?irty-f\r feet f ! wat] up to ! pi/on1 ! wat] c n be made to g up s high4 ,:at is ! reason8 ,x is because ! air1 press+ on ! surface ( ! wat] 9 ! ci/]n or well1 w raise x only to ! height ( ?irty-f\r feet4 ,x does n press h>d en\gh to =ce x up any high]4 ,suppose y _h a glass tube ov] ?irty-f\r feet long1 ) "o end op51 & us$ x z repres5t$ 9 ! fir/ exp]im5t 9 ,*apt] ,,iv41 on page #bg4 ,! wat] w\ld be kept up 9 x only ! ?irty-f\r feet4 ,! weight ( a column ( wat] ( t height j balances ! pressure or weight ( ! air4 ,above t height 9 ! tube !re w\ld be a space 9 :i* !re w\ld n be any ?+4 ,sid5ote3 ,pressure ( ! air holds up wat] 9 ! pump & m]cury 9 ! b>omet]4 ,quicksilv] or m]cury1 z p]haps y "k1 is a fluid l wat]1 b v mu* heavi]4 ,! pressure ( ! air1 !re=e1 w hold up a column ( ?is n ne>ly z high z ! column ( wat] x holds up4 ,! column ( m]cury held up 9 a glass tube is n q ?ree feet long1 :ile t ( wat] is ?irty-f\r feet4 ,illu/ration ,y c n[ und]/& h[ ! in/rum5t call$ a b>omet] is made4 ,! object ( ?is is to tell h[ heavy ! air is1 = ! air is heavi] at "s times ?an x is at o!rs4 ,a glass tube1 op5 at "o end1 & ab\t ?ree feet 9 l5g?1 is tak51 & is fill$ ) ! m]cury4 ,!n ! op5 end is put into a di% ( m]cury1 z se5 9 ! figure4 ,!re w be a space 9 ! tube above ! m]cury1 z repres5t$1 = ! air w support by its pressure a column ( only ab\t ?irty in*es ( m]cury--six in*es less ?an ?ree feet1 ! l5g? ( ! tube4 ,a scale1 divid$ into in*es1 is add$1 z se5 9 ! figure2 & ! :ole1 neatly inclos$ 9 a case1 makes :at we call a b>omet]4 ,?is means a measur] ( ! pressure or weight ( ! air4 ,sid5ote3 ,b>omet] on a m\nta94 ,if ! b>omet] be c>ri$ up a m\nta91 ! m]cury falls4 ,:y is ?is8 ,x is because !re is less height ( air press+ on ! m]cury ?an !re is 9 ! valley bel[1 & ( c\rse x w n hold up s long a column ( m]cury4 ,9 ! valley1 z ,i h told y 9 ,*apt] ,i41 ! air is =ty-five miles high2 & if we c>ry ! b>omet] up a m\nta9 ?ree or f\r miles high1 x w make a diff]5ce ( sev]al in*es 9 ! height ( ! m]cury 9 ! tube4 ,sid5ote3 ,air heavi] at "s times ?an at o!rs4 ,i h said t ! air is heavi] at "s times ?an at o!rs4 ,9 a bright1 cle> day1 ! air is heavy1 & !n ! m]cury rises high1 or1 r1 is pu%$ up high 9 ! tube4 ,b :5 x is cl\dy & ra9y1 ! m]cury falls1 = ! air is !n light] ?an usual1 ?\gh p (t5 say at su* a "t h[ heavy ! air is4 ,! tru? is t we feel bett] :5 ! air is cle> & heavy1 & s ! air seems light to u4 ,on ! contr>y1 we d n feel s well :5 x is cl\dy & ! air is light4 ,sid5ote3 ,h[ ! b>omet] is ( use to ! sailor4 ,! b>omet] is ( use to ! sailor 9 tell+ him ( ?reat5$ /orms2 = :5 a /orm is com+ ! air is light1 & ! m]cury 9 ! b>omet] falls ( c\rse4 ,! sailor1 !re=e1 looks n[ & !n at 8 b>omet]1 & if he at any "t sees ! m]cury fall sudd5ly1 he gets ready = a /orm1 = he kn[s t x may come on v rapidly4 ,dr4 ,arnot says t he 0 once on bo>d ( a vessel :]e ! capta9 0 enabl$ to save 8 %ip & all on bo>d because he took w>n+ 9 season f 8 b>omet]4 ,! sun _h j set1 &1 z ! ev5+ 0 v pleasant1 all on bo>d 7 enjoy+ !mselves 9 v>i\s ways4 ,b ! capta9's ord]s 7 giv5 to take d[n sails & prep>e = a /orm4 ,all 7 a/oni%$1 = nobody c\ld see any signs ( a /orm4 ,b ! capta9 _h se5 ! m]cury s9k d[n v sudd5ly 9 8 b>omet]1 & he knew t tr\ble 0 com+1 & probably v soon4 ,he hurri$ ! m51 !re=e1 b ! /orm came be=e he 0 q ready4 ,x 0 a viol5t hurricane4 ,b ! %ip1 ?\gh mu* damag$1 0 sav$1 & 9 ! morn+ ! w9d 0 /ill1 & all 7 rejoic+ 9 _! deliv]ance4 ,probably1 if ! capta9 _h n look$ at 8 b>omet]1 ! %ip1 ) all on bo>d1 w\ld h be5 lo/4 ,que/ions4--,h[ high c wat] be rais$ 9 a pump8 ,:y c x n be rais$ high]8 ,tell ab\t ! exp]im5t ) a long glass tube4 ,h[ high a column ( m]cury w ! pressure ( ! air hold up8 ,expla9 ! b>omet]4 ,expla9 ! fall+ ( ! m]cury :5 ! b>omet] is c>ri$ up a m\nta94 ,h[ does ! b>omet] %[ t ! air is heavi] at "s times ?an x is at o!rs8 ,:y does ! air seem light to u :5 x is heavy1 & heavy :5 x is light8 ,h[ is ! b>omet] ( use to ! sailor8 ,tell ab\t ! /orm z relat$ by ,dr4 ,arnot4 ,,*apt] ,,vii4 ,,! ,,air-,,pump4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,description ( ! air-pump4 ,a great _m int]e/+ exp]im5ts ab\t ! pressure ( ! air c be tri$ ) ! air-pump1 :i* y see repres5t$ "h4 ,?is ,i w describe1 s t y may und]/& h[ x works4 ,at a1 a1 are two pump-b>rels4 ,9 !m are two pi/ons ) valves1 su* z !re are 9 common pumps1 except t !y are made a great deal m nicely4 ,^! pi/ons are work$ by ! h&le1 b4 ,! frame-"w1 e e1 t holds ! pump-b>rels1 is made v /rong & firm1 s t ! pumps may "w true4 ,!re is a l>ge plate1 f1 ( metal1 made v ev5 & smoo?4 ,at c is a l>ge glass vessel1 close at ! top1 b op5 at ! bottom4 ,its edge is made v smoo?1 s t x may fit well on ! smoo? plate4 ,9 ! middle ( ! plate is a hole4 ,?is op5s into a passage :i* leads to ! bottom ( ! two pump-b>rels4 ,n[ y c see h[ ! in/rum5t works4 ,! two pump-b>rels "w 9 ! same way t a common wat]-pump does4 ,) !m ! air is pump$ out ( ! glass vessel by ! passage :i* leads to !m f ! c5tre ( ! plate4 ,by ?is means mo/ ( ! air may be pump$ out4 ,if we want to let ! air 9 aft] pump+ x out1 we loos5 ! screw g1 = f ! op5+ "h !re is a passage t leads to ! hole 9 ! c5tre ( ! plate4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,exp]im5ts4 ,sid5ote3 ,india-rubb] ball4 ,i w m5tion only a few ( ! exp]im5ts t may be tri$ ) ! air-pump4 ,if y put an ,india-rubb] bag1 or a foot-ball1 ) b a little air 9 x1 "u ! glass j>1 :5 y beg9 to pump ?is w beg9 to swell1 z repres5t$ "h2 & if y pump = "s "t1 x w swell v mu*4 ,! reason is ?is4 ,z y take away ! air f ar\nd ! ball1 ! air 9 ! ball exp&s4 ,if y !n turn ! screw t lets ! air into ! j>1 ! ball w become small aga91 because x is press$ ^u by ! air t is let 94 ,sid5ote3 ,bubbles4 ,s1 too1 if "s soap-bubbles be put "u ! j>1 :5 y pump out ! air !y w swell2 t is1 ! air %ut up 9 ! bubbles w exp&1 because ! pressure ( ! air ar\nd !m is less5$4 ,sid5ote3 ,%rivel$ apples4 ,x is amus+ to see a %rivel$ apple "u ! j> ( ! air-pump4 ,aft] pump+ a little x w swell out1 & appe> l a plump1 fre% apple2 b let 9 ! air aga91 & ! apple becomes %rivel$ z be=e4 ,?is is ow+ to ! air t is 9 ! apple1 = !re is air 9 e ?+4 ,!re is air 9 our bodies2 & if ! air all ab\t u c\ld be less5$ v mu*1 j z x is 9 ! j> ( ! air-pump1 we %\ld swell up l a puff-ball4 ,x is ! pressure ( ! air all ar\nd u t keeps u j ( ! size we are4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,! degree ( pressure ( ! air4 ,! air does m 9 press+ ?an y ?9k =4 ,z y move ab\t 9 x1 x does n seem to press ^u y at all2 b x really presses ^u y v h>d4 ,x presses on y ) ! weight ( ab\t fifte5 p\nds ^u e squ>e in*--t is1 a space ( ?is size4 ,x w\ld take _m su* spaces to cov] ov] y\r h&4 ,! air really presses ^u y\r h&1 z y hold x out flat1 ) m ?an ! weight ( a hundr$ p\nds4 ,y c h>dly believe ?is1 & y w want to "k h[ x is t y d n feel ?is weight or pressure ( ! air4 ,i w tell y4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,h[ ?is is borne4 ,hold out y\r h& flat 9 ! air4 ,y "k t !re is air und]nea? y\r h& z well z ov] x4 ,& ?is air und]nea? presses up j z mu* z t above presses d[n4 ,n[ ?is is ! reason t y d n feel ! pressure4 ,if ! air und]nea? y\r h& c\ld be tak5 away1 y w\ld feel ! pressure ( t :i* is above4 ,y w\ld n only feel x1 b y c\ld n be> x4 ,?is we c prove by ! air-pump4 ,take ! j> (f f ! plate1 & !n put ^u x a small glass vessel1 op5 at bo? ends1 su* z y see "h4 ,place y\r h& ov] x tightly z repres5t$1 & !n let "s "o "w ! pump4 ,y\r h& w be press$ d[n into ! cup s h>d aft] a little pump+ t y w be glad en\gh to h ! pump /opp$ & ! air let 94 ,obs]ve :at is done to y\r h& by ! pump+4 ,"s ( ! air is tak5 away f b5ea? y\r h&--t is all2 &1 ?is be+ done1 y feel n[ ! pressure ( ! air above x1 because !re is no pressure bel[ to balance x4 ,illu/ration ,y c %[ ! same 9 ano!r way ) ?is glass cup4 ,tie a piece ( bladd] or ,india-rubb] ov] "o end ( x1 & !n place ?is ov] ! hole 9 ! plate ( ! air-pump4 ,z y pump out ! air1 ! ,india-rubb] w be press$ d[n into ! cup by ! air above1 z repres5t$ "h4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,h[ ! boy's suck] op]ates4 ,! pressure ( ! air is v well %[n by ! suck]1 z x is call$1 ) :i* boys sometimes amuse !mselves4 ,?is suck] is a r\nd piece ( lea!r1 ) a /r+ fa/5$ to ! middle ( x4 ,! lea!r is moi/5$1 & !n press$ ev5ly ^u ! smoo? surface ( a /one1 & n[ ! /one c be rais$1 z y see "h1 by ! /r+1 ev5 if x be a pretty l>ge "o4 ,b h[ is x t ! lea!r /icks s fa/ to ! /one8 ,x is by ! pressure ( ! air ^u x4 ,:5 y pull on ! /r+1 y raise ! middle ( ! lea!r a little f ! /one1 & ?is makes a little space !re 9 :i* !re is no air4 ,b all ! lea!r ar\nd by its edge is press$ v tight ^u ! /one by ! air outside2 & x is because no air c get betwe5 ! lea!r & ! /one t ! lea!r holds on to x s well4 ,if ! lea!r is n press$ d[n exactly ev51 or if !re be "s unev5ness 9 ! /one :]e ! lea!r is put ^u x1 ! air w get 9 betwe5 ! lea!r & ! /one1 & ! suck] w n op]ate4 ,sid5ote3 ,suck]s 9 ! feet ( flies4 ,sid5ote3 ,! suck+-fi% & ! %>k4 ,flies & o!r insects1 t walk along s well on ! ceil+ & on smoo? glass1 h suck]s on _! feet1 t "w v mu* 9 ! same way t ! boy's suck] does ^u ! /one4 ,"s fi%es h suck]s by :i* !y c /ick to rocks or any ?+ else4 ,9 ?is case1 x is wat] t makes ! pressure in/ead ( air4 ,"h is ! draw+ ( a fi% t has a suck]1 or1 r1 a set ( suck]s1 on ! upp] "p ( its head4 ,) ?is x c adh]e to any ?+ v firmly4 ,a s+ul> /ory is told by a travel] ab\t "o ( ^! suck+-fi%es4 ,he saw a %>k attempt to seize x1 b ! fi% dodg$ him1 & !n fa/5$ itself to ! %>k's back by its suck]s4 ,x s happ5$ t "o ( ! sailors _h ti$ to ! fi% a /ick ( wood by a %ort l9e4 ,! %>k da%$ (f ) ?is fi% ?us fa/5$ to him t[+ ! /ick ( wood a/]n4 ,he soon /opp$1 &1 gett+ hold ( ! cord1 j]k$ ! fi% (f1 & !n dove at x z be=e4 ,! fi% dodg$ him aga91 & got hold ) its suck]s a second "t1 & :5 la/ se51 ! %>k 0 /ruggl+ 9 va9 to get rid ( ! tr\blesome fell[4 ,illu/ration ,que/ions4--,describe ! air-pump1 & tell h[ x works4 ,tell ab\t ! exp]im5t ) ! ,india-rubb] ball1 ) ! soap-bubbles1 & ) ! %rivel$ apple4 ,h[ mu* is ! pressure ( ! air on e squ>e in* ( y\r body8 ,h[ mu* is x on y\r :ole h&8 ,:y d y n feel ?is pressure8 ,:at exp]im5t ) ! air-pump makes ?is pla98 ,give ! o!r exp]im5t t %[s ! same ?+ 9 ano!r way4 ,h[ is ! boy's suck] made8 ,expla9 h[ x holds on to ! /one4 ,h[ d flies & o!r insects walk on ceil+s & on glass8 ,tell ab\t ! suck+-fi%4 ,,*apt] ,,viii4 ,,gases4 ,sid5ote3 ,h[ ! gas t we burn diff]s f air4 ,i h told y ab\t ! air :i* we brea!1 & :i* is all ar\nd u2 b !re are o!r k9ds ( air4 ,:5 we light ! gas1 :at is x t we set on fire8 ,x is an air1 or gas1 z we call x1 t comes ?r\gh ! pipe to ! burn]4 ,x is l ! air :i* we brea! 9 "s respects4 ,x is transp>5t2 t is1 y c see ?r\gh x z y c ?r\gh common air4 ,x moves ab\t z easily z air does4 ,b x is diff]5t f ! air 9 "s ?+s4 ,x is light]4 ,! air has no smell2 b ?is gas has a v bad smell1 z y may "k :5 x leaks out ( ! pipes4 ,air does n burn1 b ?is gas does2 & x is curi\s t :5 x burns ! bad smell is all gone4 ,sometimes1 :5 ! gas leaks out ( a pipe1 x is v dang]\s4 ,if a close room %\ld get v full ( x1 & y %\ld g into x ) a light1 ! gas 9 ! room w\ld all take fire & explode4 ,p]sons h be5 kill$ 9 ?is way4 ,x is well t ! gas does smell badly1 = ?is lets u "k :5 x leaks1 s t we may gu>d aga9/ ! dang]4 ,we %\ld let ! gas out by op5+ doors & w9d[s be=e we br+ a light 94 ,p]sons h sometimes be5 kill$ by ! gas 9 ano!r way4 ,y "k t !re is 9 e gas-pipe some?+ t y c turn s z to %ut ! pipe1 & ?us keep ! gas f com+ out4 ,n[ p]sons t d n "k h[ ! gas is manag$ h bl[n x out in/ead ( %utt+ x (f4 ,:5 ?is is done1 ! gas cont9ues to come out f ! op5 pipe j z x did :5 x 0 burn+1 & gradually fills ! room2 & if ! p]son 9 ! room goes to sleep1 he w be injur$1 & p]haps ev5 kill$ by brea?+ ! gas4 ,sid5ote3 ,gas burn+ 9 a common fire4 ,did y ev] ?9k :at flame is 9 a common wood or coal fire8 ,x is burn+ gas4 ,! heat makes ! gas out ( ! wood or coal1 & ?is takes fire j z ! gas does t comes out ( ! burn] :5 y put a light to x4 ,sometimes y see a little /ream ( gas bl[+ out ( "s "p ( a /ick ( wood1 z gas bl[s out ( a burn]4 ,x makes q a noise z x bl[s4 ,if x is n on fire1 y c set fire to x j z y light ! gas f a burn]4 ,y see1 !n1 t e fire-place1 or grate1 or /ove is a gas factory2 b ! gas is burn$ up z fa/ z x is made4 ,! gas :i* is made at ! gas-works is made 9 su* a way t x is n burn$ at ! "t4 ,x is made g5]ally by heat+ coal1 & is kept 9 l>ge res]voirs call$ gasomet]s4 ,f !m pipes bran* out 9 ! same way t !y d f wat]-works2 & ?r\gh ^! ! gas goes all ab\t to diff]5t build+s1 z wat] goes 9 aqu$uct pipes2 & z ! wat] comes out :5 y op5 ! faucet1 s does ! gas :5 y op5 ! burn]4 ,sid5ote3 ,gas f burn+ *>coal4 ,!re is "o gas t e "o ought to "k ab\t1 because _m p]sons h be5 kill$ by x f want ( ?is k4 ,?is gas is made :5ev] *>coal is burn$2 & _m dea?s h occurr$ f x by burn+ *>coal 9 small furnaces 9 close rooms4 ,?is is (t5 done to w>m a room :]e !re is no /ove or fire-place4 ,z ! *>coal burns sl[ly1 ! gas is made1 & z x is heavi] ?an air1 x spreads1 at fir/1 all ov] ! floor4 ,x gets high] & high]1 & at l5g? rea*es ! m\?s1 ( ! p]sons 9 ! room4 ,if !y happ5 to be asleep1 !y are v apt to be kill$ by brea?+ ! gas2 b if !y are awake1 !y are consci\s ( ! unpleasant feel+s ! gas produces1 & ei!r g out into ! air1 or make "s noise :i* br+s o!rs to _! relief4 ,sid5ote3 ,gas sometimes 9 wells4 ,?is gas sometimes collects 9 wells1 & kills m5 t g d[n into !m4 ,n[ !re is "o way by :i* we c always tell :e!r ?is gas is 9 a well4 ,if !re be none !re1 we c l[] a light$ c&le d[n to ! wat] & x w n g out2 b if !re be any ( ?is gas !re1 ! c&le w g out z soon z x rea*es x4 ,sid5ote3 ,! ,grotto ( ! ,dogs4 ,!re is 9 ,italy a cave or grotto1 :i* is call$ ! ,grotto ( ! ,dogs4 ,! reason t ?is "n 0 giv5 to x w appe> f :at ,i w tell y ab\t x4 ,?is deadly gas is con/antly made !re 9 "s way t we d n und]/&4 ,!re is en\gh ( x to rea* above a dog's head1 b x nev] gets up z high z a man's head4 ,:ile a man1 !n1 c brea! 9 ! grotto p]fectly well1 a dog c n1 = he is d[n 9 ! gas4 ,a dog is kept !re by "s "o liv+ close by1 = ! purpose ( %[+ ! effect on him to visitors4 ,:5 he is c>ri$ into ! grotto1 he soon falls d[n1 & w\ld die if he 7 left !re2 b z !y wi% to keep him = exhibition to o!rs1 !y br+ him out1 & ?\gh he looks z if he 7 dead1 da%+ "s cold wat] on him & lett+ him brea! ! fre% air soon revive him4 ,sid5ote3 ,gas brea!d out f ! lungs ( animals4 ,?is gas is con/antly brea!d out f our lungs4 ,x is ! bad air t ,i told y ab\t 9 ,*apt] ,,xx41 ,"p ,fir/1 t leaves take f ! lungs ( animals1 giv+ !m back good air 9 return4 ,y see1 !n1 h[ important x is t ?is gas %all get f u to ! leaves1 & t ! good gas f ! leaves %all come freely into our lungs4 ,b ?is c n be done unless !re is a free circulation ( ! air4 ,:5 p are %ut up 9 a close room1 a great deal ( ?is bad gas is made 9 a little :ile1 & unless x is let out ( ! room x does h>m4 ,x does n (t5 kill any "o at once1 b x injures ! heal?2 & ! poison\s effect repeat$ e day1 ?\gh x be b a little1 aft] a :ile may de/roy life4 ,a few p]sons are kill$ quickly by ?is gas made f burn+ *>coal2 b a great _m are kill$ sl[ly by x z x is giv5 out f _! lungs1 because !y d n take en\gh pa9s to let x escape4 ,que/ions4--,9 :at ?+s is ! gas t we burn l air8 ,9 :at does x diff] f air8 ,:at is said ab\t ! smell ( gas8 ,9 :at two ways is life sometimes de/roy$ by gas8 ,:at is flame 9 a common wood or coal fire8 ,tell ab\t ! bl[+ we sometimes see 9 wood on ! fire4 ,:at is said ab\t ! mak+ ( gas8 ,:at is said ab\t ! gas t comes f burn+ *>coal8 ,h[ are p sometimes kill$ by x8 ,:at is said ab\t its be+ 9 wells8 ,tell ab\t ! ,grotto ( ! ,dogs4 ,:at is said ab\t ! lungs giv+ out ?is gas8 ,h[ does x (t5 d h>m :5 giv5 out 9 ?is way8 ,:i* kills ! mo/ p1 ! gas t comes f burn+ *>coal or t :i* comes f p's lungs8 ,,*apt] ,,ix4 ,,p[d]4 ,p[d] is a v h>mless ?+ ( itself4 ,y c take x into y\r h& & x w n hurt y2 b t\* x ) fire1 & x fla%es & explodes2 & if !re is mu* ( x1 x breaks e ?+ 9 pieces all ar\nd x4 ,:5 a magaz9e or a p[d]-mill bl[s up1 !re is great de/ruction ( e ?+ t is ne>4 ,y "k t p[d] is us$ 9 bla/+ rocks4 ,a hole is drill$ & ! p[d] is put 94 ,! bla/] lights some?+ :i* w burn v sl[ly d[n to ! p[d]1 s t he may h "t to get out ( ! way4 ,:5 ! p[d] explodes1 ! rock is all brok5 ap>t into l>ge & small pieces4 ,sid5ote3 ,p[d] produces its effects by *ang+ into gas4 ,n[1 h[ is x t ! p[d] does all ?is8 ,x does x by *ang+ all at once into a great quantity ( gas4 ,t is all4 ,:5 y look at "s p[d]1 a heap ( black gra9s1 !re is no gas 9 x2 b ! mom5t t ! fire t\*es x ! p[d] is all gone4 ,b h[8 ,has x become no?+8 ,no2 x is *ang$ into some?+ else4 ,! black p[d] is *iefly gas n[4 ,x is n all gas2 if x 71 y c\ld n see x4 ,! smoke t y see is gas1 ) some?+ else f ! burn+ p[d] mix$ ) x4 ,?is gas pu%es out e way z soon z x is made1 s t x may get room1 & x does x s quickly t x c>ries e ?+ be=e x4 ,x does ! same t ! air does :5 x moves v quickly1 only x moves a great deal m quickly1 & s does a great deal m4 ,sid5ote3 ,boy bla/+ a log4 ,?is *ang+ ( p[d] into gas is done v quickly--z quick z a fla%1 z we say4 ,i knew a boy t once =got ?is 9 us+ "s p[d]4 ,he put "s p[d] into a log ( wood 9 ord] to split x2 b1 in/ead ( fix+ a sl[ mat*1 z m5 d 9 bla/+ rocks1 he t\*$ (f ! p[d]1 int5d+ to get out ( ! way by runn+4 ,b ! p[d] 01 ( c\rse1 too quick = him4 ,x blew him ov]1 burn+ him a little1 & fright5+ him a great deal4 ,sid5ote3 ,bur/+ ( a /eam-eng9e4 ,sometimes wat] is *ang$ into /eam s quickly t x is l ! *ang+ ( p[d] into gas 9 its effects4 ,?is is se5 9 ! way t ! boil] ( a /eam-eng9e is sometimes bur/1 z ,i w expla9 to y4 ,by c>elessness1 !re is n a prop] supply ( wat] 9 x4 ,! fire w1 ( c\rse1 heat ! boil] v hot4 ,n[ see :at mu/ be ! consequ5ce :5 m wat] is let into x4 ,! boil]1 be+ s v hot1 *anges ?is fre% supply ( wat] all at once into /eam1 & y "k x takes b little wat] to make consid]able /eam1 j z x takes b little p[d] to make a great deal ( gas4 ,all ?is /eam s sudd5ly made acts precisely l ! gas made by burn+ p[d]4 ,x mu/ h room1 & z !re is n room en\gh = x 9 ! boil]1 x mu/ get out some:]e4 ,! /rong boil] c n hold s mu* /eam 91 & x bur/s4 ,b p]haps y w ask1 ,is x no?+ b air or gas t ?r[s ! ball out ( ! cannon1 or ! bullet out ( ! gun1 s fa/ t y c n see x8 ,c su* a light1 ?9 ?+ z gas drive a ball ?r\gh ev5 ?ick beams ( wood8 ,yes1 ! gas t ! p[d] turns into c d all ?is4 ,sid5ote3 ,h[ p[d] s5ds ! ball out ( a cannon4 ,n[ see ! reason :y ! p[d] & ! ball mu/ be put into a cannon to d ?is4 ,if ! p[d] %\ld be laid ^u ! gr\nd1 ) ! ball ly+ ^u x1 & fire %\ld be t\*$ to x1 !re w\ld n be mu* ( a s\nd1 & ! ball w\ld n be mov$ mu*4 ,:y8 ,because ! gas t ! p[d] turns into has a *ance to escape 9 e direction2 b :5 ! p[d] & ! ball are put into a cannon1 ! gas is all %ut 91 s t x c escape b "o way1 in/ead ( e way1 z x did :5 ! p[d] 0 on ! gr\nd4 ,x goes out ( ! m\? ( ! cannon1 pu%+ ! ball be=e x4 ,x does to ! ball j :at ! air does to y :5 x bl[s aga9/ y & pu%es y along4 ,x is a v h>d bl[+ ( gas t ?r[s out ! ball s fa/4 ,! gas is made all at once1 z ,i h be=e told y1 & x mu/ f9d room some:]e4 ,!re is n room = x 9 ! cannon1 & 9 go+ out to f9d room x ?r[s ! ball out4 ,if y %\ld bl[ a little ball ( pap] f y\r m\?1 x w\ld n g f>4 ,?is is = ! same reason t a ball laid ^u a heap ( p[d] is n mov$ mu* :5 ! p[d] is explod$4 ,b put ! pap] ball into a quill1 & bl[ ?r\gh x1 & y c s5d x across a room q swiftly4 ,! reason is1 t ! air :i* y bl[ out c escape only ?r\gh ! quill1 j z x is ) ! gas 9 ! cannon4 ,:5 ! gas comes out ( ! m\? ( ! cannon1 x spreads out 9 all directions1 because x has room n[4 ,x is exactly z x is ) a cr[d ( p com+ ?r\gh a door2 z fa/ z ! cr[d gets ?r\gh1 x spreads out4 ,sid5ote3 ,h[ rocks are bla/$4 ,obs]ve1 n[1 h[ rocks are r5t 9 pieces 9 bla/+4 ,q a l>ge hole is drill$ into ! rock4 ,x is l ! space 9 ! b>rel ( a gun :5 x is done4 ,?is is fill$ ) p[d]4 ,:y1 n[1 :5 ! p[d] explodes1 does n ! gas come out ( ?is 9 ! same way t x does out ( a cannon or a gun8 ,:y1 in/ead ( ?is1 does x break ! rock 9 pieces8 ,x is because ! hole is n l>ge en\gh = s mu* gas to come out4 ,if we %\ld put z little p[d] into x z we d into a gun1 ! gas w\ld all come out1 z x does out ( a gun1 )\t break+ ! rock at all2 b x is fill$ q full ( ! p[d]1 & s a great deal ( gas is made4 ,if we %\ld put z mu* p[d] into a gun1 x w\ld bur/ l ! rock1 because !re w\ld n be room en\gh = ! escape ( s mu* gas unless x w5t out sl[ly1 & t x w n d4 ,sid5ote3 ,h[ a rocket goes up 9 ! air4 ,sid5ote3 ,! go+ up ( a rocket comp>$ to jump+ & fly+4 ,p[d] is us$ 9 v>i\s ways4 ,"s k9ds ( fire-works are made 9 su* a way t ! p[d] does n burn all at once1 z x does 9 a gun or cannon4 ,y "k t :5 a rocket goes up1 x is n s5t up by "o bla/ ( ! p[d]1 z a ball is s5t out ( a gun4 ,! p[d] is plac$ 9 ! tail ( ! rocket1 :i* is s made t ! p[d] burns all ! "t t x is go+ up1 ! la/ ( x mak+ an explosion high up 9 ! air1 scatt]+ ! sp>ks :i* fall 9 s beautiful a %[]4 ,n[1 did y ev] ?9k j h[ x is t ! rocket is made to g up s swiftly8 ,x is ! gas ( ! burn+ p[d] :i* /reams out f its tail all ! "t t makes x g up4 ,?is pu%es d[n aga9/ ! air1 & x is ! resi/ance ( ! air to ?is t raises ! rocket4 ,x is j z ! resi/ance ( ! air to ! d[nw>d /roke ( ! bird's w+s raises ! bird4 ,x is also j z1 9 jump+ up (f ! gr\nd1 ! resi/ance ( ! gr\nd to y\r feet makes y g up4 ,y press ) y\r feet on ! gr\nd1 & s ! rocket presses ) its gas on ! air2 & s long z gas keeps com+ out ( its tail to press on ! air1 ! rocket keeps go+ up4 ,:5 ! gas is exhau/$ ! rocket comes d[n4 ,illu/ration ,y h sometimes se5 :irl+ :eels 9 fire-works4 ,! p[d] 9 ! :eel is arrang$ z y see "h2 & z x burns1 ! resi/ance ( ! air to ! gas makes ! :eel fly ar\nd1 = ! same reason t x makes ! rocket g up into ! air4 ,que/ions4--,:at is said ab\t p[d] :5 no fire t\*es x8 ,h[ is ! p[] ( burn+ p[d] %[n8 ,h[ are its effects produc$8 ,:at is ! smoke f p[d]8 ,:at is said ab\t ! quickness ) :i* p[d] *anges into gas8 ,tell ab\t ! boy t split a log ( wood ) p[d]4 ,give ! comp>ison ab\t /eam4 ,h[ is x t ! gas made by burn+ p[d] makes a ball g out ( a cannon or gun s swiftly8 ,give ! comp>ison ( ! quill & ! ball ( pap]4 ,:y does ! gas f a cannon spread aft] x gets out8 ,tell :at is said ab\t bla/+ rocks4 ,expla9 h[ a rocket is made to g up 9 ! air4 ,:at is ! comp>ison ab\t fly+ & ab\t jump+8 ,:at is said ab\t ! :irl+ :eel 9 fire-works8 ,,*apt] ,x4 ,,pop-,,guns4 ,sid5ote3 ,op]ation ( ! pop-gun expla9$4 ,e boy & girl has play$ ) a pop-gun1 b did y ev] ?9k h[ x works8 ,i w tell y ab\t ?is4 ,y "k t ! cork does n fly out till ! rod is pu%$ a consid]able way d[n into ! tube or b>rel ( ! gun1 & !n x flies out all at once ) a popp+ noise4 ,:at makes x fly out8 ,x is n ! rod alone1 = x does n t\* ! cork4 ,x is ! air t is betwe5 ! rod & ! cork t gives x ! pu% t makes x fly out1 & x gives s quick a pu% z to make ! pop4 ,i w expla9 ?is to y a little m p>ticul>ly4 ,:5 y put ! cork into ! end ( ! gun1 ! b>rel is full ( air4 ,n[1 if ! cork 7 n 91 z y pu%$ ! rod ! air w\ld all g out be=e x2 b ! cork 9 ! end keeps all ! air 94 ,z y pu% ! rod1 y cr[d ! air into a small] space4 ,if y pu% ! rod half way1 !n ! same air t fill$ ! :ole gun has half ! room t x _h be=e y pu%$ ! rod4 ,n[1 :5 air is press$ or cr[d$ 9 ?is way1 x tries1 z we may say1 to get away f ! pressure4 ,9 do+ ?is1 x presses on ! cork2 b ! cork /icks fa/ 9 ! m\? ( ! gun till ! pressure is en\gh to pu% x out1 & :5 x gives way x does x all at once1 & s makes ! popp+ s\nd4 ,x is z if ! air gave ! cork a sudd5 kick1 & out x flies4 ,sid5ote3 ,explanation ( ! potato & quill pop-gun4 ,:5 ,i 0 a boy1 we _h no su* nice pop-guns z boys n[ h4 ,we _h to make !m ourselves4 ,we w\ld sometimes make ! tube or b>rel "p out ( eld]1 :i*1 y "k1 has a l>ge pi?4 ,we w\ld sometimes take a quill = a b>rel4 ,to ?is we w\ld fit a /ick z a rod4 ,we w\ld !n pun* ea* end ( ! quill ?r\gh a ?9 slice ( raw potato4 ,?is w\ld1 ( c\rse1 leave a r\nd piece ( potato 9 ea* end4 ,n[1 by pu%+ ! rod quickly ?r\gh ! quill1 ! piece ( potato 9 ! f>!r end w\ld fly out ) a pop1 9 ! same way t a cork does f ! pop-guns n[adays4 ,y see h[ ?is is done4 ,! air :i* is %ut up 9 ! quill betwe5 ! two pieces ( potato is cr[d$ into a small space :5 ! /ick is pu%$ 94 ,x tries to escape f ?is pressure1 & s presses on ! potato at ! f>!r end4 ,?is gives way all at once & flies out4 ,b :y mu/ we h ! potato 9 bo? ends8 ,x w\ld n be necess>y if ! /ick c\ld be made to fit ! quill exactly2 b x c n1 & s !re w\ld be a leak+ ( air by x if we %\ld h ! potato 9 only "o end4 ,! piece ( potato 9 ! end :]e y put 9 ! /ick prev5ts ?is leak+ ( air4 ,x makes1 9 fact1 a tight pi/on = ! /ick to "w4 ,x is ! spr+9ess ( ! air t makes ! pop-gun "w4 ,?is y c see by "s exp]im5ts4 ,fill y\r pop-gun ) wat]1 & see h[ diff]5t f ! air x w act4 ,! mom5t t y pu% ! rod1 ! cork w be pu%$ out )\t any popp+1 & ! wat] w run out4 ,:at is ! reason ( ?is8 ,x is because y c n cr[d ! wat]1 z y d ! air1 into any small] room4 ,x moves /raight along1 & pu%es out ! cork4 ,sid5ote3 ,exp]im5ts ) ! pop-gun4 ,z ! wat] c n be cr[d$ into any small] space1 x has no spr+4 ,b ! air c be %runk up1 z we may say1 by pressure1 & x is ready to swell out aga9 :5ev] x c h a fair *ance to d s2 & ! h>d] y press x1 ! great] is ?is spr+9ess4 ,y c see t ?is is true by a little exp]im5t t y c try ) y\r pop-gun4 ,press ! cork end ( ! gun firmly aga9/ some?+1 s t ! cork c n come out4 ,n[ pu% 9 ! rod quickly1 & !n let g ( x4 ,x w fly back1 because ! cr[d$ air1 by a spr+1 ?r[s x back4 ,& ! h>d] y pu% x 91 ! m =cibly w x fly back4 ,n[1 if y try ! same exp]im5t ) ! wat] 9 ! gun1 y w f9d t y c n pu% ! rod unless ! gun leaks1 & !n ! wat] w come back by ! pi/on4 ,:y is ?is8 ,x is because ! wat] c n be cr[d$ into any small] space1 z ! air c be4 ,if x c\ld be1 ! wat] w\ld d j z well 9 ! pop-gun z air does4 ,y see1 !n1 t x is ! spr+ ( ! air t =ces ! cork out ( ! gun2 & ! air has ?is spr+ because x is p5t up & cr[d$ toge!r1 z we may say1 into s small a space4 ,x wants m room1 & pu%es to get x4 ,! cork is %ot out ( ! pop-gun 9 ! same way t ! ball is %ot out f ! cannon4 ,! air1 p5t up 9 a little space 9 ! pop-gun1 does ! same ?+ z ! gas1 p5t up 9 ! cannon1 does4 ,! air wants m room1 & s x kicks out ! cork2 & ! gas1 s sudd5ly made out ( ! p[d]1 wants m room1 & s x kicks out ! ball4 ,! gas has ! same spr+9ess t ! air has4 ,sid5ote3 ,ela/icity ( ! air4 ,x is ?is spr+9ess ( ! air1 call$ its ela/icity1 t makes ! foot-ball b\nd s4 ,if ! ball 7 fill$ ) wat] in/ead ( air1 x w\ld n b\nd at all1 because ! wat] has no ela/icity4 ,sid5ote3 ,op]ation ( ! air-gun expla9$4 ,i h told y t ! m ! air is press$ ! great] is its spr+9ess4 ,9 :at is call$ ! air-gun1 a great deal ( air is cr[d$ into a v small space--mu* m ?an !re is 9 a pop-gun2 & a bullet c !re=e be fir$ f x ) =ce en\gh to g ?r\gh a bo>d4 ,x is done 9 ?is way3 ,! press$ air is %ut up tight1 & all at once x is let into ! b>rel ( ! gun :]e ! bullet is4 ,x ?r[s ! bullet out j 9 ! same way t ! gas ( ! p[d] does 9 a common gun4 ,?is air-gun is only a curiosity4 ,x w nev] come into use1 = x is q a t$i\s op]ation to load x ) press$ air4 ,! common gun1 y "k1 is v easily load$ ) p[d]1 & ! gas :i* x turns into does ! "w ev5 bett] ?an ! press$ air 9 ! air-gun4 ,que/ions4--,:at makes ! cork fly out ( ! pop-gun8 ,expla9 j h[ ! pop-gun op]ates4 ,tell h[ ! quill pop-gun is made4 ,:y d we h ! potato 9 bo? ends ( ! quill8 ,:at is said ab\t ! spr+9ess ( ! air8 ,h[ w\ld ! pop-gun "w if x 7 fill$ ) wat]8 ,:y is ?is8 ,give ! exp]im5t ) ! pop-gun %[+ h[ spr+y ! air is4 ,h[ is x :5 y try ! same exp]im5t ) ! gun fill$ ) wat]8 ,give ! comp>ison betwe5 y\r pop-gun & a cannon4 ,:at is said ab\t ! foot-ball8 ,tell ab\t ! air-gun4 ,:y is ?is n 9 common use8 ,,*apt] ,,xi4 ,,balloons ,,& ,,bubbles4 ,sid5ote3 ,:at makes ! balloon g up8 ,:at is x t makes a balloon g up 9 ! air8 ,x is because x is s light1 y w say2 b :at x is made ( is n z light z air is4 ,x w n1 y "k1 fly (f into ! air be=e x is fill$4 ,x is :at x is fill$ )1 !n1 t makes x s light4 ,sid5ote3 ,its c>4 ,! balloon is fill$ ) a gas t is mu* light] ?an ! air is ar\nd x4 ,?is makes x s light t x flies up 9 ! air v rapidly1 & to a great height2 & if ! balloon is v l>ge1 x c c>ry up a p]son1 or ev5 two or ?ree p]sons1 9 a sort ( c> or boat atta*$ to x1 z repres5t$ on ! foll[+ page4 ,! c> is atta*$ to ! balloon 9 ?is way3 ,a nett+ cov]s ! balloon1 & ! cords t hold ! c> are fa/5$ to ?is nett+4 ,x w\ld n d1 y "k1 to fa/5 !m to ! balloon itself1 = t is made ( su* light mat]ial t ! cords w\ld te> out ) ! slighte/ pull ^u !m4 ,sid5ote3 ,h[ ! balloon is made to come d[n4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,h[ ! balloon is prev5t$ f go+ d[n too fa/4 ,sid5ote3 ,! p>a*ute4 ,h[ d y ?9k ! p]son 9 ?is c> manages :5 he wants to come d[n8 ,s long z all ! light gas rema9s 9 ! balloon1 x w /ay up 9 ! air4 ,s1 :5 he wants to come d[n1 he lets out "s ( ?is gas4 ,he does ?is v c>efully2 =1 if he lets out too mu*1 he w g d[n too fa/4 ,sometimes he w g d[n too fa/ 9 spite ( all 8 c>e4 ,he is prep>$ = ?is1 h[ev]1 9 two ways4 ,!re are s&-bags 9 ! c>1 :i* he c ?r[ out :5 ! balloon is fall+ too fa/4 ,?is makes ! c> s mu* light] t x commonly relieves ! difficulty2 b if x does n1 he c use ! p>a*ute4 ,?is is a sort ( umbrella1 made v l>ge & v /rong4 ,x is repres5t$ "h bo? z %ut & z op5$4 ,y c see h[ ! resi/ance ( ! air aga9/ ?is :5 op5 w\ld make him g d[n mu* sl[] ?an he w\ld g )\t 8 p>a*ute4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,! dang] ( go+ up 9 balloons4 ,sid5ote3 ,a great escape4 ,illu/ration ,balloons are sometimes us$ 9 w>f>e1 to obs]ve battle-fields1 or s5d messages to & f besieg$ cities4 ,!y 7 s us$ 9 our own w> & at ! rec5t siege ( ,p>is4 ,!y w probably nev] come into use 9 travel+2 =1 besides ! exp5se & dang]1 a balloon w always g ) ! w9d1 & y nev] c tell j h[ ! w9d bl[s v high up 9 ! air4 ,x may bl[ !re 9 a direction :olly diff]5t f :at x does bel[1 close to ! e>?4 ,an ,engli%man1 ,major ,money1 w5t up 9 a balloon1 ) ! w9d bl[+ f ! sea2 & he suppos$ t he %\ld be c>ri$ f> into ! c\ntry1 & come d[n safely ^u dry l&4 ,all 0 "r till he _h got up ab\t a mile4 ,!n sudd5ly ! balloon *ang$ its c\rse1 & w5t out t[>d ! sea4 ,?is 0 because ! w9d up !re blew 9 a direction j opposite to t ( ! w9d bel[4 ,?is w9d took him f> out to sea1 & :5 he came d[n he 0 n9e miles f ! l&4 ,he came ne> be+ dr[n$4 ,he held on to ! cords ( 8 balloon1 z y see "h1 = "s "t4 ,aft] a :ile1 a vessel came to 8 relief1 & took him on bo>d4 ,z su* dang]s att5d go+ up 9 balloons1 x is wrong = any "o to d x4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,! hot-air balloon4 ,y c fill a balloon ) common air s z to make x fly up l ! gas balloon2 b ! air mu/ be heat$ to d ?is4 ,a boy c make su* a balloon v easily out ( ?9 pap]4 ,he pa/es ! pap] toge!r s z to %ape x l a balloon1 leav+ "o end op54 ,x c be fill$ ) hot air by hold+ x ov] some?+ burn+1 ) its op5 end d[n4 ,x is sometimes done 9 ano!r way4 ,a sponge wet 9 turp5t9e or alcohol is fix$ "u ! op5+ ( ! balloon by a little frame-"w1 z repres5t$ "h2 & if ! balloon goes up ) ! sponge /ill burn+1 x w /ay up long] ?an x w if ! sponge goes out be=e x is let (f1 because ! air w keep heat$ long]4 ,x is because heat$ air is s mu* light] ?an ! air ar\nd x t a balloon fill$ 9 ?is way goes up2 b su* a balloon comes d[n soon4 ,x w n keep up s long z a gas balloon w4 ,:y is ?is8 ,x is because ! heat$ air 9 ! balloon becomes cool$1 & !n x is no long] light] ?an ! air ar\nd x4 ,! balloon itself is heavi] ?an air1 & x goes up & /ays up only :5 x is full ( some?+ :i* is light] ?an air4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,h[ soap-bubbles are l balloons4 ,*ildr5 (t5 make balloons 9 ano!r way4 ,!y make !m ( soap & wat]1 z y see "h2 = ! soap-bubble t flies up 9 ! air is really a balloon2 & h[ beautiful a "o x is6 ,h[ ?9 & delicate is ! cov]+ ( ?is ball ( air6 ,x is a %eet ( no?+ b soap & wat]1 & a t\* breaks x2 b x answ]s ! purpose4 ,x holds ! air1 & away x flies4 ,n[ :at is ! reason t ! bubble flies up a little way & !n comes d[n8 ,x flies up because ! air 9 x is slightly heat$1 & s is light] ?an ! air ar\nd x4 ,x is heat$ or w>m$ air1 because x comes f ! w>m lungs ( ! p]son t bl[s ! bubble4 ,b x soon becomes cool1 & !n ! bubble comes d[n1 j z ! balloon fill$ ) hot air does :5 ! air 9 x becomes cool4 ,sid5ote3 ,"s ?+s ab\t bubbles t are n commonly ?\ght (4 ,!re are "s ?+s to be notic$ ab\t ?is balloon+ ) soap & wat]4 ,! wat] mu/ be w>m1 or y\r little balloons w n g up4 ,:y is ?is8 ,if ! wat] is cold1 x w cool ! air t comes f y\r w>m lungs1 & s y\r soap & wat] balloon w be fill$ ) cold air in/ead ( w>m air4 ,x w !re=e drop to ! floor :5 y expect to see x g up4 ,s1 too1 ! bubbles w n g up s easily & s high 9 a w>m room z !y w 9 cold air4 ,! great] ! diff]5ce is 9 w>m? betwe5 ! air 9 ! bubble & t ar\nd x1 ! bett] x w g up4 ,! reason ( ?is is pla94 ,! cool] ! air is1 ! heavi] x is2 & ! w>m] ! air inside ( ! bubble1 ! light] is ! bubble2 & ! v light bubble goes up quickly 9 ! heavy cold air = ! same reason t any light ?+1 l cork1 rises v quickly 9 wat]4 ,:y x is t light ?+s g up 9 ! air & ! wat] ,i %all expla9 9 ! next *apt]4 ,que/ions4--,:at is x 9 a balloon t makes x s light8 ,h[ is ! c> atta*$ to ! balloon8 ,h[ does ! p]son 9 ! c> manage :5 he wants to come d[n8 ,:at does he d if he is com+ d[n too fa/8 ,:at is a p>a*ute1 & ( :at use is x8 ,:y w balloons nev] be us$ = travel+8 ,tell ab\t ! ,engli%man4 ,tell ab\t ! air balloon4 ,:y w n ?is /ay up z long z ! gas balloon8 ,h[ d *ildr5 (t5 make balloons8 ,:y does ! soap-bubble g up a little way & !n come d[n8 ,:y is x t ! bubbles d n g up if y use cold wat]8 ,:y w !y g up bett] 9 ! cold air ?an !y w 9 a w>m room8 ,,*apt] ,,xii4 ,,m ,,ab\t ,,balloons4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,a curi\s balloon t w\ld n answ]4 ,"h is a balloon :i* 0 contriv$ 9 #afgj1 two hundr$ ye>s ago1 by a man ^: "n 0 ,lana4 ,y w\ld suppose1 f ! picture ( x1 t x w\ld g v well ) its l>ge sail = ! w9d to bl[ x along4 ,!re are1 y see1 f\r l>ge balls4 ,^!1 made ( copp]1 7 holl[4 ,! air 0 to be pump$ out ( !m1 s t !y might be v light4 ,n[ ) ?is balloon ,lana did n expect to g up v high1 b to travel along consid]ably above all ! h\ses & hills1 j 9 ! direction 9 :i* ! w9d w\ld c>ry him by 8 sail4 ,b 8 plan1 ?\gh x looks well1 z y see1 on pap]1 fail$4 ,! reason 0 ?is4 ,if ! balls 7 made q ?91 ! air outside w\ld bur/ !m 9 z soon z ! air 9 !m 0 pump$ out2 & if !y 7 made ?ick en\gh to prev5t ?is1 !y 7 s heavy t ! balloon w\ld n g up4 ,f :at ,i h told y 9 ! *apt] on ! air-pump1 y w und]/& :y ! balls1 :5 made ?91 7 bur/ 9 by ! outside air4 ,! fir/ successful attempt at balloon+ 0 made by ,montgolfi]1 a ,fr5*man1 9 #aghc4 ,8 inv5tion 0 t ( ! hot-air balloon1 or fire balloon1 z x is (t5 call$4 ,an improvem5t on ?is is to fill ! balloon ) a light gas in/ead ( hot air4 ,x is 9 ?is k9d ( balloon t p]sons g up1 ?\gh "s h gone up 9 ! hot-air balloon4 ,i h n yet told y ! real cause ( ! ris+ ( ! balloon 9 ! air4 ,:y1 y w say1 x is because x is s light1 & light ?+s always rise4 ,b :at makes light ?+s rise8 ,t is ! "q4 ,light ?+s d n g up ( !mselves4 ,! birds & ! insects1 z ,i h told y 9 ,"p ,,ii41 make !mselves g up by work+ _! w+s ) _! muscles4 ,b light ?+s t h no life c n rise ( !mselves4 ,!y are pu%$ up4 ,& :5 any light ?+ has got up z high z x c g1 x /ops m]ely because x c n be pu%$ any high]4 ,sid5ote3 ,balloons & o!r light ?+s d n really g up1 b are pu%$ up4 ,b h[ are balloons & o!r light ?+s pu%$ up8 ,?is ,i w n[ expla9 to y4 ,! air ar\nd ! balloon is heavi] ?an ! balloon itself1 :i* is fill$ ) a light gas1 or ) air t is light because x is heat$2 & s ! air is try+ all ! "t1 z we may say1 to get bel[ ! balloon4 ,9 do+ ?is1 x pu%es up ! balloon2 & ! balloon cont9ues to be press$ upw>d till x comes to air t is z light z ! balloon is4 ,if x be a gas balloon1 x w rema9 !re till "s ( ! gas is let out2 & if x be a hot-air balloon1 x w /ay !re till ! heat$ air beg9s to cool4 ,sid5ote3 ,e ?+ gets z l[ z x c4 ,n[1 :5 ! balloon goes d[n1 x is because x has become heavi] ?an ! air ar\nd x4 ,x goes d[n because x tries1 z we may say1 to get und]nea? ! light] air4 ,9 go+ up1 ! air pu%$ x up2 b n[ ! balloon pu%es ! air up4 ,! balloon presses ! air t is bel[ x out ( ! way s z to get "u x4 ,?is is :at x keeps do+ all ! way z x comes d[n4 ,sid5ote3 ,exp]im5t ) a phial4 ,i c make ?is cle> by a comp>ison4 ,take a long phial4 ,be=e y put any ?+ into x1 y "k x is fill$ ) air4 ,p\r "s oil into x4 ,! oil is 9 ! bottom ( ! phial1 & ! air is above ! oil4 ,! reason is t ! oil1 be+ heavi] ?an ! air1 has gone d[n ?r\gh x1 & has pu%$ ! air up f ! bottom ( ! phial & tak5 its place !re4 ,x has done to ! air 9 ! phial :at ! fall+ balloon does to ! air bel[ x4 ,n[ p\r a little wat] 94 ,?is w d to ! oil z ! oil did to ! air4 ,x w g d[n to ! bottom1 pu%+ ! oil up above x2 = wat]1 y "k1 is heavi] ?an oil4 ,if y p\r n[ "s quicksilv] into ! phial1 ?is heavy fluid w g d[n & pu% ! wat] up above x4 ,y see1 9 ?is exp]im5t1 t :at is heavie/ always goes to ! l[e/ place1 & s pu%es up out ( ! way :at is light]4 ,! oil pu%$ up ! air2 !n ! wat] pu%$ up ! oil2 & !n1 aga91 ! quicksilv] pu%$ up ! wat]4 ,& n[ y h all ! f\r ?+s 9 ! phial 9 _! ord]4 ,! heavie/1 ! quicksilv]1 is at ! bottom1 & next is ! wat]1 & next ! oil1 & ! lighte/1 ! air1 is at ! top4 ,sid5ote3 ,ano!r exp]im5t ) ! phial4 ,if y cork ! phial & %ake x well1 y mix quicksilv]1 wat]1 oil1 & air all toge!r4 ,!n1 if y let x /&1 y see a good deal ( confusion among !m z !y pu% to get _! places4 ,9 gett+ "r aga91 ea* pu%es up above x :at is light] ?an itself4 ,! /ruggle1 z we may say1 is to get ! l[e/ place4 ,e ?+1 no matt] h[ light x is1 /ays d[n z l[ z x c till x is pu%$ up4 ,sid5ote3 ,exp]im5t ) a heavy gas4 ,n[ :at y see ) ^! diff]5t ?+s 9 a phial is true ( diff]5t k9ds ( air1 or gases4 ,a heavy gas takes ! l[e/ place1 :ile a light] "o goes up1 or1 r1 is pu%$ up4 ,y rememb] t ,i told y1 9 ,*apt] ,,viii41 ab\t a gas t is sometimes 9 ! bottom ( wells1 j above ! wat]4 ,?is gas is heavi] ?an air1 & s x /ays at ! bottom ( ! well1 bel[ ! air1 z ! oil 9 ! phial lay betwe5 ! light] air above & ! heavi] wat] bel[4 ,if x 7 light] ?an air1 z ! gas is ) :i* balloons are fill$1 ! air w\ld g d[n to ! bottom ( ! well & pu% up ?is gas1 = ! same reason t ! oil 9 ! phial pu%$ up ! air1 & ! wat] pu%$ up ! oil1 & ! quicksilv] pu%$ up ! wat]4 ,?is gas c be p\r$ out ( a vessel v mu* z y w\ld p\r wat] out ( x4 ,a pretty exp]im5t ) x is to p\r x out ^u a light$ c&le4 ,x w fl[ d[n ^u ! flame & put x out4 ,9 do+ ?is1 x pu%es up ! air t is ar\nd ! c&le4 ,n[ y c see h[ ! balloon is pu%$ up into ! air4 ,if a gas is set loose t is light] ?an air1 x w be pu%$ up 9 ! air 9 ! same way t1 9 ! phial1 air is pu%$ up by ! oil1 or ! oil by ! wat]2 & s ! balloon1 fill$ ) ! light gas1 is pu%$ up by ! air4 ,x makes no diff]5ce :e!r ! gas is loose or is 9 a light silk bag2 9 ei!r case x w be pu%$ up4 ,if loose1 x w be scatt]$ ab\t z x is pu%$ up2 if 9 ! bag or balloon1 x w be kept toge!r4 ,sid5ote3 ,comp>ison ( ! cork & ! balloon4 ,a cork rises 9 wat] = ! same reason t a balloon rises 9 air4 ,! balloon is pu%$ up by ! air ar\nd x because x is light] ?an ! air1 & s ! cork is pu%$ up by ! wat] because x is light] ?an ! wat]4 ,z y hold ! cork "u wat]1 y\r h& does to x :at ! fa/5+s d to ! balloon3 x keeps x f be+ pu%$ up4 ,& :5 ! fa/5+s ( ! balloon are let g1 away x flies 9 ! air1 z ! cork flies up 9 ! wat] :5 y let g ( x4 ,:5 ! cork gets to ! surface ( ! wat]1 x /ops4 ,x w n g up 9 ! air simply because x is heavi] ?an air4 ,b if y put a bag full ( light gas 9 ! wat] & let x g1 x w n /op1 l ! cork1 :5 x gets to ! surface1 b w keep on go+ up because x is light] ?an air1 & s ! air pu%es x up j z ! wat] did4 ,que/ions4--,d light ?+s1 l balloons1 rise 9 ! air ( !mselves8 ,tell ab\t ,lana's balloon4 ,:y did x n succe$8 ,:o inv5t$ ! hot-air balloon8 ,h[ _m ye>s ago 0 x8 ,:at k9d ( balloon is us$ = go+ up into ! air8 ,:at makes x rise8 ,h[ is x t ! air pu%es up a balloon8 ,:at makes ! balloon g d[n8 ,:at does x d to ! air 9 go+ d[n8 ,tell ab\t ! exp]im5t ) a long phial8 ,h[ is x if y %ake ! phial well8 ,:at is said ab\t gases8 ,tell ab\t ! gas :i* is sometimes 9 wells4 ,tell ab\t ! exp]im5t ) a c&le4 ,:at becomes ( a gas t is light] ?an air :5 x is set free8 ,does x make any diff]5ce :e!r x is loose or is 9 a silk bag8 ,give ! comp>ison ( ! balloon & ! cork4 ,,*apt] ,,xiii4 ,,heat$ ,,air4 ,balloons are sometimes1 z ,i h told y1 fill$ ) heat$ air4 ,?is heat$ air is light] ?an ! cool air ar\nd x1 & s ! balloon rises1 or1 r1 is pu%$ up4 ,n[ obs]ve :y ! heat$ air is light] ?an ! cool air4 ,x is because ! heat swells ! air1 or exp&s x1 z x is commonly express$4 ,! heat1 9 exp&+ x1 makes x ?9n]1 & ( c\rse x is light]4 ,sid5ote3 ,exp]im5t ) a bladd]4 ,y c see by a little exp]im5t t heat swells or exp&s air4 ,lay a bladd]1 p>tly fill$ ) air1 be=e ! fire4 ,! heat w fill out ! bladd]1 mak+ x plump & h>d1 = x w exp& ! air t is 9 x2 & if ! bladd] is already fill$ ) air be=e y lay x d[n on ! he>?1 ! swell+ air w bur/ ! bladd]4 ,sid5ote3 ,roa/+ apples4 ,y rememb] t ,i told y ab\t putt+ an apple "u ! j> ( an air-pump4 ,if ! apple is %rivel$1 ! mom5t t y beg9 to pump ! air f ar\nd x ! apple beg9s to swell out1 because ! air 9 x swells or exp&s4 ,9 ?is exp]im5t ! air 9 ! apple exp&s because ! pressure ( ! air ar\nd x is less5$ by its becom+ ?9n]4 ,n[ ! air 9 ! apple c be made to exp& 9 ano!r way--by apply+ heat4 ,if y obs]ve an apple put d[n to ! fire = roa/+1 y see t x swells4 ,if x happ5s to be r wilt$1 ! swell+ ( x w be v manife/2 x w become z plump z x w\ld 9 ! air-pump :5 ! air is pump$ out4 ,?is is because ! air 9 x is exp&$ by ! heat4 ,& :5 x sputt]s1 x is ! exp&$ air t ?r[s out "s ( ! juice ?r\gh ! brok5 sk94 ,sid5ote3 ,popp+ ( roa/+ *e/nuts4 ,sid5ote3 ,:y prick+ !m prev5ts x4 ,y "k t1 if y roa/ *e/nuts1 !y pop op5 ) q a noise1 & sometimes fly half across ! room4 ,?is is ow+ to ! expansion ( ! air 9 ! *e/nut by ! heat4 ,?is air is %ut up 9 ! tight sk9 ( ! *e/nut2 & :5 x is consid]ably swell$ by ! heat1 x makes ! sk9 give way all at once1 & s produces ! popp+ noise4 ,?is is because ( ! spr+9ess or ela/icity ( ! air4 ,t ,i h expla9$ be=e4 ,if y prick a hole 9 ! sk9 ( ! *e/nut be=e y put x d[n to ! fire1 !re w be no popp+1 = ! air w gradually escape f ?is hole z fa/ z x is exp&$4 ,?is hole is to ! *e/nut :at ! safety-valve is to a /eam-eng9e4 ,! eng9e w n bur/ :ile ! /eam c g out by ! valve1 & s ! *e/nut1 ) a hole = ! air to get out1 does n bur/4 ,9 ! case ( bo? ! apple & ! *e/nut1 !re is /eam mix$ ) ! air4 ,! /eam comes f ! moi/ure 9 ! apple & ! *e/nut1 & ?is has ! same spr+9ess t air has1 & s helps to produce ! effect4 ,i %all tell y ab\t /eam 9 ano!r *apt]4 ,heat$ air always rises1 = ! same reason t a light gas rises4 ,x is pu%$ up by ! cold air1 :i* is heavi]4 ,9 w>m+ a room1 ! cold air is con/antly pu%+ ! w>m$ air up1 & ! air is always w>m] 9 ! upp] "p ( ! room ?an x is ne> ! floor4 ,s1 also1 x is w>m] 9 ! gall]ies ( a *ur* ?an x is 9 ! body ( ! h\se1 z y p]haps h sometimes notic$4 ,sid5ote3 ,pap] w9d-mills on a /ove-pipe4 ,sid5ote3 ,! toy wood-sawy]4 ,ar\nd a /ove-pipe1 ! motion ( ! heat$ air z x goes up is v manife/4 ,light ?+s are (t5 se5 fly+ up 9 ! curr5t ( ! air ab\t ! pipe4 ,sometimes1 = amusem5t1 little pap] w9d-mills are fa/5$ to a /ove-pipe1 ! heat$ air :irl+ !m ar\nd z x /rikes !m 9 go+ up4 ,i h se5 a v curi\s toy1 9 :i* a wood-sawy] is made to "w by ! :irl+ ( a little pap] w9d-mill4 ,:5ev] !re is a /rong curr5t ( hot air1 ! w9d-mill turns q rapidly1 & ?is sets ! sawy] to work+ 8 pap] saw mo/ furi\sly4 ,! little figure goes ?r\gh ! motions ( saw+ v p]fectly4 ,x has saw$ into ! middle ( ! log1 b nev] gets any f>!r4 ,! /ream or curr5t ( air ab\t a /ove-pipe is made by ! cool] air1 :i* pu%es up t :i* is w>m4 ,z fa/ z ! air is heat$ by ! pipe1 cool] air takes its place by pu%+ x up out ( ! way2 & !n ?is air1 com+ ?us ne> ! pipe1 gets heat$1 & is pu%$ up 9 its turn by "s m air4 ,z ?is is con/antly go+ on1 !re is a con/ant upw>d curr5t ( air2 & ! hott] ! pipe is1 ! m rapid is ! curr5t1 because x heats ! air s quickly & s mu*4 ,sid5ote3 ,:y heat$ air goes up4 ,y "k1 9 a h\se heat$ by a furnace1 h[ ! heat$ air comes up f ! regi/]s4 ,?is air is pu%$ up4 ,z soon z ! air ar\nd ! furnace is heat$1 cool air comes 9 to pu% x up out ( ! way1 & !n ?is cool air is heat$ & is pu%$ up by m cool air1 & s on4 ,! heat$ air escapes f ! pressure ( ! cool air by go+ up 9 ! l>ge t9 pipes4 ,! cool air is always driv+ ! w>m up1 j z x is ) ! air ab\t a /ove-pipe4 ,sid5ote3 ,:y a great fire makes ! w9d rise4 ,:5ev] a great fire occurs1 aft] x has cont9u$ "s "t1 ! w9d rises1 z x is express$2 ?\gh p]haps x blew v g5tly at fir/1 n[ x bl[s v h>d4 ,:at is ! reason ( ?is8 ,x is because ! air j ab\t ! fire becomes mu* heat$1 & !re=e v light4 ,! cold air all ar\nd ru%es !re=e t[>d ! fire1 j z x does t[>d a /ove or a fire-place 9 a room1 & pu%es ! light heat$ air up4 ,9 do+ ?is x becomes itself heat$1 & is pu%$ up by o!r cold air1 & s on4 ,9 ?is way ! air all ar\nd ! fire is set 9 motion t[>d x1 & ! hott] ! fire ! m brisk is ?is motion--t is1 ! h>d] does ! w9d bl[4 ,i %all tell y some?+ ab\t ! way 9 :i* heat makes w9ds 9 ano!r *apt]4 ,que/ions4--,:y is heat$ air light] ?an cool air8 ,:at exp]im5t %[s t heat exp&s air8 ,tell ab\t ! %rivel$ apple4 ,:y d *e/nuts (t5 pop op5 :5 !y are roa/$8 ,h[ c y prev5t _! popp+8 ,give ! comp>ison ( ! safety-valve4 ,9 w>m+ a room1 :at is done to ! heat$ air8 ,:at is said ab\t ! gall]ies ( a *ur*8 ,:at is said ab\t ! air ar\nd a /ove-pipe8 ,tell ab\t ! pap] w9d-mills & ! wood-sawy]4 ,h[ is ! curr5t ( air ab\t a /ove-pipe made8 ,:at makes ! hot air come up f ! regi/]s ( a furnace8 ,:y does ! w9d rise 9 a great fire8 ,,*apt] ,,xiv4 ,,*imneys4 ,sid5ote3 ,smoke is n drawn up a *imney1 b is pu%$ up4 ,y he> p sometimes say ( a *imney t x draws well1 z if ! smoke 7 9 "s way drawn up ! *imney4 ,?is is n s4 ,x is pu%$ up4 ,smoke is mo/ly heat$ air & gas4 ,:at y see 9 ! smoke is some?+ f ! wood t is c>ri$ up 9 ! heat$ air1 9 ! same way t d[n or any light ?+ is c>ri$ up by ! heat$ air ar\nd a /ove-pipe4 ,x is ?is "p ( ! smoke :i* y c see t makes ! soot4 ,! heat$ air is pu%$ up ! *imney by ! cool] air 9 ! room4 ,x is done 9 ?is way3 ,! air close to ! fire is heat$2 ! air next to x presses x up1 & !n gets heat$ itself1 & is press$ up by "s m air t comes 9 its turn to be heat$1 & s on4 ,9 ?is way !re is a con/ant /ream ( air up ! *imney1 j z !re is ar\nd a /ove-pipe4 ,! air 9 a room :]e !re is a fire is ev] pu%+ t[>d ! fire2 & air is com+ into ! room1 too1 9 e way t x c get 91 to take ! place ( t :i* goes up ! *imney4 ,x comes ?r\gh ! door :5 x is op5$1 & ?r\gh e crack & crevice4 ,if y hold a light ne> ! fire-place1 ! flame w b5d t[>d x1 because ! air is press+ t way4 ,if y hold x ne> a crack1 ! air t is com+ 9 w bl[ x t[>d y4 ,sid5ote3 ,a lady 9 tr\ble f a smok+ fire-place4 ,if !re are two rooms connect$ by fold+-doors1 ) a fire-place 9 ea*1 :5 a fire is made 9 "o alone1 cold air w come d[n ! o!r *imney2 =1 z ! air 9 ! room1 z ,i h told y1 is all mov+ t[>d ! fire1 ! cold air comes 9 :]ev] x c get 9 to take its place4 ,a lady ( my acqua9tance 0 once 9 great tr\ble because %e did n und]/& ?is4 ,h] h\se 0 fill$ ) smoke4 ,x happ5$ 9 ?is way4 ,!re 7 two rooms connect$ by fold+-doors4 ,a fire _h be5 built 9 "o fire-place1 &1 aft] ?is 0 well ago+1 a fire 0 built 9 ! o!r2 b ! mom5t ?is second fire 0 light$1 ! smoke puff$ out into ! room4 ,h[ 0 ?is8 ,x 0 pu%$ out by ! cold air com+ d[n ! *imney4 ,! lady s5t = a neighbor :o und]/ood ab\t su* ?+s1 & he reliev$ h] ( ! tr\ble at once4 ,he %ut ! fold+-doors1 & op5$ a w9d[ 9 ! room :]e ! fire-place smok$1 & n[ ! smoke w5t directly up ! *imney4 ,aft] ! fire _h be5 burn+ = a little "t1 & _h w>m$ ! *imney1 ! fold+-doors 7 op5$1 & bo? fires burn$ well4 ,! reason ( all ?is1 ,i suppose1 is pla9 to y4 ,:ile ! fold+-doors 7 op51 !re 0 a movem5t ( ! air 9 bo? rooms t[>d ! fire fir/ k9dl$1 & s ! cold air came d[n ! *imney :]e !re 0 no fire4 ,:5 ! fire1 !re=e1 0 k9dl$ 9 ! second fire-place1 ?is cold air1 com+ d[n1 blew ! smoke out1 & w\ld n let x g up to w>m ! *imney4 ,b :5 ! doors 7 clos$ betwe5 ! rooms1 !re 0 a /op put to all ?is4 ,! movem5t ( ! air t[>d ! fire fir/ made 0 n[ conf9$ to t "o room4 ,!re c\ld no air come f ! o!r room n[4 ,& !n op5+ ! w9d[ let 9 cold air t pu%$ ! smoke up ! *imney ( ?is room at once4 ,sid5ote3 ,:y op5+ a door /ops ! smok+ ( a fire-place4 ,y c n[ und]/& :y x is t we op5 a door or w9d[ to /op ! smok+ ( a fire-place4 ,x is because we want ! help ( "s m cold air to pu% ! smoke up4 ,9 "s fire-places we c nev] make a fire )\t its smok+1 unless we h a door or a w9d[ op5 a little :ile at fir/4 ,! reason t ! fire is n apt to smoke aft] x has be5 go+ "s "t is t ! *imney has become well heat$1 & s makes ! air v ?9 & light z x goes up2 & ! light] ! air is1 y "k1 ! m easily x is pu%$ up1 j z y c raise a bag ( fea!rs m easily ?an y c raise a block ( wood4 ,sid5ote3 ,exp]im5ts ) a light4 ,"o ?+ m ,i mu/ tell y ab\t ! cold air com+ into a room :]e !re is a fire4 ,suppose t y op5 a door into a cold entry4 ,n[1 if y hold a light ne> ! floor by ! op5 door1 ! flame w be bl[n inw>d2 b if y hold x up at ! top ( ! door1 x w be bl[n outw>d t[>d ! entry4 ,:y is ?is8 ,x is because ! cold air ( ! entry comes 9 at ! l[] "p ( ! op5+1 :ile "s ( ! w>m air ( ! room goes out at ! upp] "p to take ! place ( ! cold air t comes 94 ,! w>m air is above ! cold air1 because x is light]4 ,x is ! cold air com+ 9 t bl[s ! light :5 y hold x l[ d[n1 & x is ! w>m air go+ out t bl[s x :5 y hold x up high4 ,! w>m air t goes out is less 9 quantity ?an ! cold air t comes 94 ,! reason is t !re is cold air com+ into ! entry all ! "t f outdoors1 by e crevice & hole1 & ?is1 9 "p1 supplies ! place ( ! air t goes 9 f ! entry to ! room4 ,! flame1 !re=e1 is n bl[n z /rongly :5 y hold ! light above z :5 y hold x bel[4 ,i told y 9 ,*apt] ,i4 t no?+ w burn )\t air4 ,! air t presses t[>d a fire fe$s x1 z x is express$4 ,x does n all g up ! *imney z heat$ air4 ,"s ( x is us$ 9 ! burn+ ( ! wood & coal2 & :at goes up ! *imney is1 z ,i h told y 9 ! fir/ "p ( ?is *apt]1 p>tly heat$ air & p>tly gas4 ,sid5ote3 ,a free supply ( air necess>y to make a fire burn well4 ,sid5ote3 ,anecdote4 ,n[ a fire w n burn well unless x has a free supply ( air4 ,fre% air mu/ keep com+ to x to fe$ x4 ,b ?is c n be unless !re is a good upw>d curr5t f ! fire4 ,firem5 v well und]/& ?is 9 putt+ out fires4 ,if ! fire be inside ( a build+1 ! m %ut up x c be kept ! less rapidly w ! fire spread1 & ! m easily c x be put out4 ,if all ! doors %\ld be op5$1 & ! w9d[s brok5 out1 ! fire w\ld rage1 because ! air w\ld come 9 freely at ! doors & l[] w9d[s1 & g out freely at ! upp] w9d[s4 ,! fire w\ld !n h ! same upw>d curr5t t x has 9 a *imney4 ,i w relate to y an anecdote1 :i* w %[ h[ mu* c be sav$ by und]/&+ su* ?+s4 ,a fire 0 discov]$ e>ly "o morn+ by a flick]+ light %9+ ?r\gh ! w9d[s 9 ! upp] room ( a %op4 ,an acqua9tance ( m9e 0 among ! fir/ to get !re1 & he f\nd a man ab\t to beat ! door 9 ) an axe1 s z to get at ! fire4 ,he kept him f do+ ?is1 & w\ld n let him t\* ! door till !y _h got a good supply ( wat] on h&4 ,aft] he 0 satisfi$ t !re 0 en\gh wat] to put out ! fire1 he !n let ! man use ! axe1 & !y ru%$ up & easily put out ! fire4 ,if he _h let him break op5 ! door at fir/1 x w\ld h let 9 ! air to fe$ ! fire1 & ! fire w\ld h got well ago+ be=e ! wat] 0 br\ght2 &1 z x 0 9 a block ( wood5 build+s1 we %\ld h1 _h a great fire4 ,sid5ote3 ,tall *imneys ( factories4 ,sid5ote3 ,lamp *imneys4 ,! brisk] ! upw>d curr5t ( a fire is1 ! m briskly does ! fire burn4 ,?is is ! reason t f\ndries & o!r factories1 :]e !y want a v hot fire1 h su* tall *imneys4 ,! air & gas 9 su* a *imney are kept hot = "s "t1 in/ead ( be+ cool$ by spread+ out 9 ! op5 air4 ,! curr5t1 !re=e1 up ! *imney is v rapid1 & s fre% air comes rapidly to ! fire1 & makes x burn v briskly4 ,= ! same reason1 a v brilliant light is giv5 by ^? lamps t h tall glass *imneys4 ,! wick is ?us made to burn briskly4 ,que/ions4--,:y does smoke g up a *imney8 ,:at is smoke8 ,:at is !re 9 smoke t y c see8 ,:at is soot8 ,tell h[ x is t ! smoke is pu%$ up ! *imney4 ,:at is said ab\t ! air 9 a room :]e !re is a fire8 ,:at w happ5 to a light if y hold x ne> ! fire-place8 ,:at if y hold x ne> a crack 9 ! wall ( ! room8 ,tell ab\t ! rooms ) fold+-doors betwe5 !m4 ,:y d we op5 a door or a w9d[ to /op ! smok+ ( a fire-place8 ,:y is a fire-place n apt to smoke :5 ! fire has be5 go+ = "s "t8 ,tell ab\t hold+ a light at ! l[] "p & at ! upp] "p ( a door t op5s out into a cold entry4 ,h[ is "s ( ! air t presses t[>d a fire us$8 ,:at is necess>y to h a fire burn well8 ,:at is said ab\t a build+ t is on fire inside8 ,tell ! anecdote ab\t ! fire 9 a %op4 ,:y d "s factories h tall *imneys8 ,:at is said ab\t ! *imneys ( "s lamps8 ,,*apt] ,,xv4 ,,uses ,,( ,,wat]4 ,sid5ote3 ,! beauty ( wat]4 ,:at a beautiful ?+ is wat]6 ,h[ pure & cle>1 l a cry/al6 ,h[ 8sp>kl+ & bright x is10 z y see its ripples 9 ! sun6 ,h[ we admire x1 z x is ga!r$ 9 little dew-drops on ! fl[]s & leaves 9 ! morn+6 ,:at a beautiful mirror ! wat] makes :5 ! w9d is hu%$1 %[+ u on its smoo? surface ! trees1 ! h\ses1 & e ?+ ^u ! %ore6 ,sid5ote3 ,ice1 sn[1 & fro/4 ,& :at beauty wat] has :5 ! cold turns x into cry/als 9 ! ice1 ! sn[1 & ! fro/6 ,x is ! same pure1 clean ?+ !n z x is :5 x runs 9 ! brook1 or =ms ! dew-drop1 or falls 9 ! g5tle %[]4 ,sid5ote3 ,wat] ! _w's cleans]4 ,h[ useful1 too1 wat] is6 ,x is ! _w's cleans]4 ,x wa%es e ?+4 ,see h[ du/y e ?+ looks aft] a long dry "t4 ,ev5 ! grass & ! leaves are cov]$ ) du/4 ,b let a brisk %[] come1 & h[ *ang$ ! sc5e6 ,! trees1 ! fl[]s1 & ! grass look z clean1 & fre%1 & bright z ! wa%$ face ( a beautiful *ild4 ,& !n h[ ! animals love to wa% !mselves 9 ! wat]6 ,see ! dog ru% into x1 & !n1 on com+ out1 give himself a ?or\gh %ak+4 ,x w\ld be well if all *ildr5 w\ld be z fond ( be+ clean z he is4 ,x is amus+ to see ! can>y bird take 8 morn+ ba? 9 8 cup ( wat]4 ,h[ he makes ! wat] fly z he flutt]s 8 w+s6 ,sid5ote3 ,! wa%+ ( ! air4 ,did y ev] ?9k t ! air e once 9 a :ile ne$s a wa%+8 ,x does1 j z mu* z y d & e ?+ else 9 ! _w4 ,ev5 :5 x seems clean z y look up ?r\gh x1 !re are "s ?+s 9 x t w\ld be v bad = u if !y rema9$ !re4 ,!y w\ld produce disease 9 u4 ,!y w\ld be injuri\s also to o!r animals1 & ev5 to plants4 ,! air1 !re=e1 mu/ e n[ & !n h a wa%+ to purify x2 & e "t t x ra9s y c ?9k ( ! air z tak+ a %[]-ba? = ?is purpose4 ,y see1 !n1 h[ true x is t wat] is ! _w's cleans]4 ,x wa%es e ?+1 ev5 ! air4 ,sid5ote3 ,h[ plants dr9k4 ,b1 besides be+ ! _w's cleans]1 wat] is ! _w's dr9k4 ,x is ! dr9k ( plants z well z ( man & animals4 ,! plants dr9k x f ! gr\nd by ! m\?s 9 _! roots4 ,a great "p ( ! sap1 z ,i h told y 9 ,"p ,i41 is wat]4 ,sid5ote3 ,wat] 9 fev]4 ,we use wat] s con/antly z a dr9k t we d n ?9k h[ good & refre%+ x is4 ,we ?9k ( ?is once 9 a :ile :5 we happ5 to be v ?ir/y4 ,:5 "o is p>*$ ) fev]1 he ?9ks ( cold wat] z ! v be/ ?+ on ! e>?2 & :5 he is asleep1 he dreams ( ! well or spr+ f :i* he drank s (t5 9 8 *ildhood4 ,a lady :o 0 sick ) yell[ fev]1 f> away f home1 9 h] delirium talk$ cont9ually ab\t a pump t 0 beh9d a h\se %e _h long liv$ 91 "s "t be=e ?is1 & kept call+ = wat] f t pump4 ,sid5ote3 ,sea wat]4 ,! salt wat] ( ! sea1 y "k1 is n fit = dr9k+4 ,& y h he>d ( p]sons 9 a %ipwreck escap+ 9 a boat f a s9k+ %ip1 & !n liv+ almo/ )\t food & wat] = _m days4 ,h[ c>eful are !y n to wa/e any ( ! wat] :i* !y happ5 to h6 ,ea* dr9ks b little1 ?\gh !y are suff]+ greatly ) ?ir/4 ,& :5 x is all gone1 !y w\ld give any ?+ = ! smalle/ draught ( fre% wat]4 ,s dreadful is ! suff]+ f ?ir/ t wat] is almo/ ! only ?+ :i* !y ?9k (4 ,!y wi% t x w\ld ra91 s t !y might cat* "s wat]4 ,!re is wat] all ar\nd !m1 b x seems to mock !m ) its br9y waves4 ,x is n ! wat] :i* !y want2 !y "k t x w\ld d no good to dr9k x4 ,sid5ote3 ,feel+ ( ! %ipwreck$ man ab\t wat]4 ,"o :o _h be5 9 a boat = "s days )\t wat] said t x seem$ to him always aft] z if x 0 wrong to wa/e pure fre% wat]1 & he nev] c\ld use x z freely z he did be=e 8 %ipwreck4 ,h[ ?ankful %\ld we be t ,god has giv5 x to u s abundantly t we c commonly use x )\t /9t or measure4 ,x is "o ( 8 mo/ preci\s gifts1 & yet x is s common t1 :5 we want to speak ( any ?+ z be+ v free & abundant1 we say t x is z free z wat]4 ,sid5ote3 ,wat] 9 e ?+4 ,b we d n m]ely dr9k wat]4 ,x is mix$ up ) e ?+ t we eat4 ,!re is mu* wat] 9 all fruits4 ,!re is s mu* 9 ! wat]melon t x gives x its "n4 ,x is almo/ all wat]1 ) a little sug> 9 x4 ,mu* ( ! sap 9 plants & trees is wat]2 s1 also1 x is ) ! blood4 ,x c\ld n run 9 ! art]ies & ve9s if !re 0 n wat] 9 x4 ,m ?an ?ree qu>t]s ( y\r blood is wat]4 ,!re is mu* wat]1 too1 9 ! air4 ,s y see t wat] is e :]e1 j z ! air is4 ,b ,i h n told y all ! uses ( wat]4 ,! runn+ wat] turns ! wat]-:eels by :i* ! ma*9]y 9 mills & factories is put 9 motion4 ,we sail ab\t on ! wat] 9 boats1 & %ips1 & /eam]s4 ,! /eam-eng9es are work$ by wat] *ang$ into /eam4 ,sid5ote3 ,! multitudes ( animals t live 9 wat]4 ,we mu/ n =get ! multitudes ( fi%es & o!r animals t live 9 ! wat]1 z we d 9 ! air4 ,!re is a _w ( life 9 ! wat]4 ,x is s mu* out ( sight t we d n ?9k mu* ab\t x4 ,we only get glimpses ( ?is wat]-_w n[ & !n1 & d n ?9k h[ _m animals !re are t live 9 ! brooks1 & riv]s1 & ponds1 & seas4 ,besides ! fi%es t swim 9 ! wat]1 !re are multitudes ( animals t live on ! bottom4 ,!re are oy/]s1 & clams1 & lob/]s1 t y are famili> )2 & !re are multitudes ( animals t live 9 _! beautiful %ell h\ses1 "s ( :i* are v small1 & almo/ z c\ntless (t5 z ! s&s ) :i* !y are m+l$4 ,que/ions4--,:at is said ab\t ! beauty ( wat]8 ,:at is said ab\t its be+ ! _w's cleans]8 ,tell ab\t ! dog & ! can>y bird4 ,:at is said ab\t ! air's be+ wa%$8 ,h[ d ! plants dr9k wat]8 ,d we commonly ?9k h[ good a dr9k wat] is8 ,tell ab\t ! lady sick ) fev]4 ,:at is said ab\t ! salt wat] ( ! sea8 ,:at ab\t ! suff]+ f ?ir/ s common ) %ipwreck$ p]sons8 ,tell ab\t ! feel+ ( "o :o _h suff]$ 9 ?is way4 ,:at is said ab\t ! abundance ( wat]8 ,:at is said ab\t wat]'s be+ 9 e ?+8 ,h[ mu* ( y\r blood is wat]8 ,m5tion "s m uses ( wat]4 ,:at is said ab\t ! animals t live 9 wat]8 ,,*apt] ,,xvi4 ,,wat] ,,always ,,try+ ,,to ,,be ,,level4 ,if y look at wat] 9 a b[l1 y see t its surface is smoo? & level4 ,if n[ y /ir x ab\t1 y make x unev54 ,wat* x z x becomes /ill & smoo? aga94 ,!re seems to be a k9d ( /ruggle z all ! p>ticles ( wat] take _! places4 ,b y w ask me :at ,i mean by ! p>ticles ( wat]4 ,we suppose t wat] is made up ( exce$+ly f9e balls4 ,^! balls or p>ticles are s r\nd & smoo? t !y move among ea* o!r v easily4 ,?is is ! reason t wat] runs s readily1 & s soon becomes level :5 no?+ is di/urb+ x4 ,if ! p>ticles 7 n s smoo?1 !y w\ld rub ea* o!r4 ,!y w\ld n roll ov] ea* o!r s freely z !y d4 ,sid5ote3 ,! p>ticles ( wat] comp>$ to %ot4 ,to make ?is pla91 we w comp>e wat] to small %ot4 ,if y put ^! into a b[l1 !y w n lie level1 z wat] does4 ,n[ :at is ! reason t ^! r\nd balls ( lead d n act z ! small] r\nd balls ( ! wat] d8 ,x is because !y are n z smoo?4 ,!y c n roll ov] ea* o!r easily1 = !y rub toge!r4 ,!y c n 9 any way be made z smoo? z ! p>ticles ( wat] are4 ,if y p\r ! %ot f "o b[l into ano!r1 !y w run some:at z ! wat] does2 b !y w n slip along z easily1 = !y rub ea* o!r z !y g1 :ile !re is almo/ no rubb+ among ! p>ticles ( wat]4 ,sid5ote3 ,! p>ticles ( wat] r\nd & smoo?4 ,! balls or p>ticles ( wat] are exce$+ly small4 ,!y are s small t no "o has ev] se5 !m4 ,h[1 !n1 y w ask1 d we "k t !y are r\nd & smoo?8 ,we say t !y are1 because we c n see h[ !y c\ld move ab\t among ea* o!r s easily if !y 7 r\gh1 or _h corn]s or po9ts on !m4 ,y c n roll ab\t blocks or nails z y c roll %ot2 & ! smoo!r ! %ot ! m easily !y w roll4 ,s !n we "k1 f :at we see 9 o!r ?+s1 t ! p>ticles ( wat] t roll s easily mu/ be r\nd1 & mu/ be smoo? also4 ,if ! p>ticles ( wat] 7 l>ge en\gh = u to see !m1 !y w\ld look to u1 on ! surface ( /ill wat]1 z a level lay] ( little %ot or r\nd beads1 & we %\ld see !m roll+ ab\t among ea* o!r :5ev] !re is ! lea/ motion ( ! wat]2 b1 z we c n see ! p>ticles1 ! surface ( ! wat] looks l smoo? glass :5 !y are all /ill4 ,z wat] moves s easily1 x is almo/ always 9 motion4 ,x is mov$ by ! w9d1 & is rais$ by x sometimes into v high waves4 ,x runs 9 ! brooks & riv]s4 ,sid5ote3 ,:y wat] runs4 ,9 all its motions ! wat] is always try+ to be level2 & ?is is ! only reason t wat] ev] runs4 ,wat] t is level w n run2 x w be /ill4 ,b1 :5 y di/urb ?is level1 x w run till x f9ds its level aga94 ,i w make ?is pla9 to y4 ,suppose t y h a tr\gh /opp$ at bo? ends4 ,put "s wat] 9 x z x lies on level gr\nd4 ,! wat] is level 9 x1 & is quiet4 ,n[ raise up "o end ( ! tr\gh a little4 ,! wat] is at once 9 motion4 ,:y8 ,because y h di/urb$ ! level4 ,! wat] runs f ! end t y raise t[>d ! o!r end4 ,n[ hold ! tr\gh /ill a little "t ) ! end rais$1 & z soon z ! wat] gets its level aga91 x w be z /ill z x 0 be=e4 ,sid5ote3 ,brooks & riv]s4 ,suppose ! tr\gh is op5 at bo? ends1 & wat] is runn+ 9 all ! "t at ! rais$ end4 ,x w keep runn+ t[>d ! l[] end4 ,x w be all ! "t try+ to get on a level1 b nev] c4 ,y see "h ! reason t wat] runs 9 a brook or riv]4 ,y c ?9k ( a brook or a riv] z a tr\gh ) "o end a little rais$2 & ! wat] 9 x is always1 z we may say1 runn+ aft] a level1 b nev] f9ds x4 ,! sea is to a riv] z a tub w\ld be to ! tr\gh t p\rs its wat] into x4 ,sid5ote3 ,! p[] ( runn+ wat]4 ,!re is (t5 great p[] 9 ! wat] ( a runn+ /ream4 ,x works a great deal ( ma*9]y 9 mills ( v>i\s k9ds2 &1 if ! /ream be swoll5 ) heavy ra9s1 ! wat] c>ries away bridges1 h\ses1 etc4 ,x does all ?is 9 try+ to get on a level4 ,if x all c\ld be made level 9 "s way1 z y see x 9 a b[l or a pond1 x w\ld d no su* viol5ce4 ,sid5ote3 ,dams4 ,sometimes m5 build a dam across a riv]4 ,?is is = ! purpose ( turn+ ! wat] (f "o side into a canal4 ,! dam /ops "s ( ! wat] runn+ 9 ! riv]1 sometimes all ( x4 ,9 do+ ?is ! wat] is made ab\t level j above ! dam1 & s is mu* m quiet ?an x is any :]e else 9 ! riv]4 ,*ildr5 (t5 build mud dams1 & ! wat] t !y /op is v /ill because x is level4 ,:5 ! dams give way1 h[ briskly ! wat] runs to try to get on a level aga94 ,sid5ote3 ,p\r+ f a c(fee-pot4 ,wat] is always on ! same level 9 ! sp\t ( a c(fee-pot t x is 9 ! pot itself1 z repres5t$ 9 ! fir/ ( ^! figures4 ,if ! c(fee-pot be turn$ up1 z se5 9 ! second figure1 ! level is /ill pres]v$4 ,if x be turn$ up a little m1 ! liquid 9 ! sp\t1 9 try+ to be on a level ) t 9 ! pot1 runs out1 z repres5t$ 9 ! ?ird figure4 ,illu/ration ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,a suppos$ discov]y ( p]petual motion4 ,a man once ?\ght t he _h discov]$ a way ( keep+ up p]petual motion4 ,he ?\ght t he c\ld make a vessel ( su* a %ape t "s wat] 9 x w\ld nev] /op mov+4 ,! vessel 0 to be ( ! %ape t y see "h4 ,8 idea 01 t !re 0 s mu* m wat] 9 ! vessel ?an !re 0 9 ! sp\t1 t x w\ld press ! wat] 9 ! sp\t up its :ole l5g?1 & make x run into ! vessel4 ,y c see t1 if x w\ld op]ate 9 ?is way1 ! wat] w\ld be always 9 motion--x w\ld be go+ ! r\nds by way ( ! sp\t all ! "t4 ,b ! difficulty is t x w\ld n op]ate 9 ?is way4 ,aft] ! man made 8 vessel1 he f\nd t ! wat] 0 only z high 9 ! sp\t z 9 ! vessel1 z y see 9 ! figure4 ,x is j z x is ) ! sp\t ( ! c(fee-pot4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,wat] c rise 9 ! pipes ( an aqu$uct z high z x is 9 ! f\nta94 ,9 ! same way1 if an aqu$uct pipe ext5d f a spr+1 ! wat] w n rise any high] 9 ! pipe ?an x is 9 ! spr+4 ,! pipe is to ! spr+ :at ! sp\t is to a c(fee-pot4 ,& x makes no diff]5ce h[ long ! sp\t is4 ,! wat] w /& at ! same height 9 a pipe t ext5ds = miles t x does 9 "o t goes b a little way f ! res]voir or f\nta94 ,?is c be illu/rat$ 9 a vessel ) two pipes1 z se5 "h4 ,! wat] /&s 9 ! bran* pipe t is f>!/ f ! vessel at ! same height t x does 9 ! ne> "o4 ,sometimes an aqu$uct w supply ! l[] /ories ( a build+ ) wat]1 b n ! upp] /ories4 ,! reason is t ! upp] /ories are high] ?an ! level ( ! wat] 9 ! f\nta9 f :i* ! wat] comes4 ,sid5ote3 ,! play+ ( a f\nta9 expla9$4 ,y h (t5 se5 a f\nta9 play+4 ,h[ beautifully ! /ream rises & spreads out1 dropp+ 9 a %[] all ar\nd6 ,n[ :y is x t ! wat] rises8 ,x is because ! spr+ f :i* ! wat] comes is s mu* high] ?an ! pipe ( ! f\nta94 ,! wat] 9 ! pipe tries1 z we may say1 to get on a level ) ! wat] 9 ! spr+4 ,?is ,i w make pla9 to y by two figures4 ,9 ! fir/ figure y see repres5t$ a vessel ( wat]1 ) a pipe ext5d+ f its l[] "p up at its side4 ,! wat] /&s at ! same level 9 ! pipe t x does 9 ! vessel1 z 9 ! case ( ! c(fee-pot4 ,n[ suppose1 z repres5t$ 9 ! second figure1 ! pipe is q %ort4 ,if ! vessel be fill$ ) wat]1 ! wat] 9 ! pipe1 seek+ to get to ! same level z t 9 ! vessel1 w be ?r[n up 9 a /ream1 z y see4 ,! reason t ! /ream spreads out & drops 9 a %[] is1 t ! air resi/s ! /ream1 & s divides x up1 because wat] is s easily sep>at$ into p>ts4 ,illu/ration ,que/ions4--,:at is said ab\t wat] 9 a b[l8 ,:at is said ab\t ! p>ticles ( wat]8 ,give ! comp>ison ab\t %ot4 ,:y w n %ot run z easily z wat] f "o vessel into ano!r8 ,:at is said ab\t ! smallness ( ! p>ticles ( wat]8 ,h[ d we "k t !y are r\nd or smoo?8 ,if we c\ld see ! p>ticles1 h[ w\ld wat] look to u8 ,:at is said ab\t wat]'s be+ 9 motion8 ,:at makes x run8 ,tell ab\t wat] 9 a tr\gh4 ,give ! comp>ison ab\t a tr\gh & a riv]4 ,:at is said ab\t ! p[] ( runn+ wat]8 ,:at is said ab\t dams8 ,tell ab\t ! level ( wat] 9 a c(fee-pot4 ,tell ab\t ! man's contrivance = p]petual motion4 ,:at is said ab\t ! pipes ( an aqu$uct8 ,:y w wat] sometimes come only to ! l[] /ory ( a build+1 & n to ! upp]8 ,tell ab\t ! play+ ( wat] f a f\nta94 ,:y does ! wat] come d[n 9 a %[] ( drops8 ,,*apt] ,,xvii4 ,,! ,,pressure ,,( ,,wat]4 ,sid5ote3 ,! pressure ( ! p>ticles ( wat] ^u ea* o!r4 ,any ?+ t is solid presses only "o way1 directly d[n2 b wat] or any fluid presses all ways4 ,x presses j z mu* sidewise1 or ev5 upw>d1 z x does d[n4 ,! reason is1 t ! p>ticles ( wat] move ab\t among ea* o!r1 & are n fa/5$ tight toge!r z !y are 9 a solid4 ,:5 wat] freezes1 its p>ticles become all fa/5$ toge!r1 & !n ! pressure is all d[nw>d4 ,illu/ration ,to see h[ ?is pressure ( ! p>ticles ( wat] op]ates1 look at "s %ot ly+ toge!r4 ,"o %ot does n lie "r ^u ano!r %ot bel[ x 9 ?is way1 a1 b !y lie 9 ?is way1 b4 ,y see t ea* %ot presses d[n betwe5 ^? t are und]nea? x4 ,ea* %ot is try+1 z we may say1 to get d[n betwe5 its neighbors bel[2 & if !re 0 no?+ to prev5t x1 x w\ld press !m ap>t4 ,sid5ote3 ,! pile ( balls4 ,y c see t ?is is s by try+ a little exp]im5t4 ,put "s %ot close toge!r on a v smoo? surface4 ,n[ put ano!r %ot on top ( !m1 & y w see t x w press !m all ap>t4 ,if ! %ot %\ld be r\gh1 & ! surface on :i* y lay !m %\ld be r\gh also1 y\r exp]im5t w n succe$1 because ! %ot w n roll easily4 ,x is = ?is reason t cannon balls1 z y see !m pil$ up 9 an ordnance-y>d1 z repres5t$ 9 ! annex$ figure1 d n roll away4 ,if !y 7 smoo?1 & ! place :i* !y 7 pil$ on 7 smoo?1 !y w\ld all be press$ ap>t1 & ! pile w\ld ?us be spoil$4 ,illu/ration ,n[ see :at ?is sidewise pressure w d 9 a vessel fill$ ) %ot if !re %\ld be an op5+ made 9 ! side4 ,! %ot close by ! op5+ w run out1 because !y are press$ sidewise by ! %ot ly+ "r above !m2 & z !y g out1 ^? t press !m out w be press$ out 9 _! turn by ^? above !m1 & s on4 ,sid5ote3 ,p>ticles ( wat] comp>$ ) %ot4 ,j s x is ) ! little f9e balls or p>ticles ( wat]4 ,!y lie on ea* o!r 9 ! same way t %ot d4 ,ea* p>ticle is press+ always to get d[n betwe5 ! p>ticles t are und]nea? x1 z ,i h %[$ y x is ) ! %ot4 ,& if y make an op5+ 9 ! vessel t holds ! wat]1 its p>ticles w run1 or r roll out1 l ! %ot1 only a great deal easi]1 because !y are s smoo?4 ,!y are pu%$ out by ?is press+ d[n ( ea* p>ticle betwe5 ^? t are bel[ x4 ,sid5ote3 ,ab\t wat] runn+ f op5+s 9 diff]5t p>ts ( a vessel4 ,if y make an op5+ ne> ! top ( a vessel fill$ ) wat]1 x does n run out ) mu* =ce2 b if ! op5+ be made ne> ! bottom1 x sp\ts out z if x 0 9 a great hurry to get out ( ! vessel4 ,:at is ! reason ( ?is diff]5ce8 ,to und]/& ?is1 obs]ve t all ! p>ticles are pu%+ d[nw>d 9 ! way t ,i h %[n4 ,^? p>ticles1 !re=e1 t are ne> ! bottom1 h a great deal m pressure on !m ?an ^? t are ne> ! top2 s t :5 ! op5+ is made ne> ! bottom1 ! p>ticles !re are pu%$ out ) great =ce4 ,!re is a l>ge cr[d ( p>ticles pu%+ d[n to get out at t op5+4 ,& obs]ve1 z ! wat] 9 ! vessel less5s1 ! =ce ( ! /ream f ! op5+ less5s2 x does n leap out s /raight z x did at fir/4 ,x is v mu* z x is ) a cr[d press+ ?r\gh a door4 ,:5 ! cr[d is v great1 ^? t are pu%$ ?r\gh ! door are pu%$ ) great =ce2 b z ! cr[d less5s1 ! pressure less5s4 ,x is f\nd t wat] runs out ( a vessel f an op5+ 9 ! side close to ! bottom j z quickly z x does f an op5+ ( ! same size 9 ! bottom itself4 ,:at is ! reason ( ?is8 ,x is because ! little r\nd p>ticles ( wat] roll s easily4 ,!y roll out j z easily z !y drop out4 ,see ! diff]5ce betwe5 press+ on a fluid & on a solid4 ,if y press on a block ( ice1 y press x all "o way4 ,if y press x d[n1 y press x all d[n4 ,if y press x sidewise1 x all moves sidewise4 ,& x makes no diff]5ce :e!r y\r h&1 or :atev] y pu% )1 cov]s ! :ole side ( ! block or n4 ,b x is n s ) wat]4 ,if y press y\r h& d[n into a vessel ( wat]1 y press d[n "s ( ! wat]1 b n all ( x4 ,"s ( x is press$ up2 =1 z y press d[n :at is "r "u y\r h&1 ?is pu%es :at is bel[ x (f ea* way to ! side1 & ?is pu%es up ! wat] t is ov] x4 ,?is is because ! r\nd1 smoo? p>ticles roll s easily on ea* o!r4 ,:5 pressure is made ^u !m1 !y roll away f x j :]e !y c--d[nw>d1 or sidewise1 or upw>d4 ,sid5ote3 ,wat] mov+ 9 a tube4 ,!re is "o way 9 :i* y c make all ( a body ( wat] g /raight along4 ,x mu/ be 9 a tube1 s t x c n escape sidewise1 & !n !re mu/ be some?+ to fit ?is tube :i* w pu% along ! wat]4 ,x mu/ fit exactly1 or "s ( ! little p>ticles w slip back by x4 ,9 ?is way y c pu% ! r\nd body ( wat] 9 ! tube /raight along1 j z y pu% a r\nd /ick or a long icicle4 ,b suppose t !re is a little hole 9 ! tube4 ,?is w\ld make no diff]5ce if ! wat] 7 ice1 because ! p>ticles ( a solid are s tightly fa/5$ toge!r2 b ! press$ liquid1 y "k1 w sp\t out ( ! hole1 because ! p>ticles1 n be+ well fa/5$ toge!r1 w escape f ! pressure :]ev] !y c4 ,op5 a door any :]e1 & out !y w leap4 ,sid5ote3 ,squirt-guns & /ick-guns4 ,sid5ote3 ,! gas & ! ball4 ,y see ! diff]5ce betwe5 a liquid & a solid 9 ! op]ation ( a squirt-gun1 & ( "o ( ! /ick-guns s common among *ildr54 ,s long z ! wat] is 9 ! squirt-gun1 x is all pu%$ along toge!r1 z ! /ick is 9 ! /ick-gun4 ,b z soon z x gets out1 x becomes all divid$ up by ! air1 j z y saw 9 ! la/ *apt] ! wat] f a f\nta9 does4 ,b ! /ick1 z x flies out ( ! gun1 keeps :ole1 because its p>ticles are well fa/5$ toge!r4 ,if ! wat] 7 *ang$ into ice1 x w\ld fly out :ole z ! /ick does1 = its p>ticles w\ld be s fa/5$ toge!r t ! air c\ld n sep>ate !m z x does ! p>ticles ( wat]4 ,sid5ote3 ,attraction 9 solids1 & fluids1 & gases4 ,! diff]5ce is /ill great] betwe5 solids & gases4 ,y see ?is 9 ! fir+ ( a gun or a cannon4 ,! gas into :i* ! p[d] *anges keeps toge!r :ile x is 9 ! gun1 j z ! wat] does 9 ! squirt-gun2 b z soon z x gets out1 x spreads l ! wat] :5 x gets out ( ! squirt-gun1 only a great deal m4 ,?is is because ! p>ticles ( ! gas are dispos$ to sep>ate in/ead ( keep+ toge!r4 ,!y h no attraction = ea* o!r2 b ! ball :i* ! gas drives out ( ! gun leaves ! gas beh9d x1 & goes on :ole1 because its p>ticles are s well fa/5$ toge!r by attraction4 ,y see1 !n1 t 9 a solid !re is consid]able attraction betwe5 ! p>ticles2 9 a fluid !re is mu* less2 & 9 a gas !re is none at all4 ,que/ions4--,h[ does ! pressure ( a fluid diff] f t ( a solid8 ,give ! comp>ison ab\t %ot4 ,relate ! exp]im5t ) %ot4 ,tell ab\t ! pile ( cannon balls4 ,give ! comp>ison ab\t %ot & wat] runn+ = an op5+ 9 a vessel4 ,:y does wat] run fa/] f an op5+ ne> ! bottom ( a vessel ?an f an op5+ ne> ! top8 ,:y does x run m sl[ly z ! wat] 9 ! vessel less5s8 ,give ! comp>ison ab\t a cr[d go+ ?r\gh a door4 ,:y does wat] run out f an op5+ 9 ! side ( a vessel close to ! bottom z fa/ z f a hole 9 ! bottom itself8 ,:at is ! diff]5ce betwe5 press+ on a solid & press+ on a fluid8 ,h[ c y make a fluid all g "o way 9 press+ x8 ,:at w happ5 if !re be a hole 9 ! tube8 ,tell ab\t ! squirt-gun & ! /ick-gun4 ,tell ab\t ! ball & ! gas 9 a common gun4 ,tell ab\t attraction 9 solids1 & fluids1 & gases4 ,,*apt] ,,xviii4 ,,attraction ,,9 ,,solids ,,& ,,fluids4 ,y saw by :at ,i told y 9 ! latt] "p ( ! la/ *apt] t ! great diff]5ce betwe5 a solid & a fluid is t ! p>ticles ( a solid are fa/5$ tightly toge!r1 :ile ^? ( a fluid are n4 ,if y %\ld tie "s p tightly toge!r s t !y c\ld n move away f ea* o!r at all1 !y w\ld be l ! p>ticles ( a solid4 ,if y mov$ !m1 y w\ld move !m all toge!r z y d a /ick ( wood1 a lump ( ice1 or any ?+ else t is solid4 ,y c n move !m1 "o "o way1 & ano!r ano!r way1 z y c ! p>ticles ( wat]2 b if !y are all pretty close toge!r1 & yet c move ab\t among ea* o!r1 z y (t5 see 9 a cr[d$ company1 !y are l ! p>ticles ( a fluid4 ,y c make y\r way among !m j z y d among ! p>ticles ( wat] :5 y wade4 ,sid5ote3 ,attraction ( ! p>ticles ( solids illu/rat$4 ,b y w ask1 ,are ! p>ticles ( a solid really ti$ toge!r 9 any way8 ,no2 b !re is some?+ t does ! same ?+ to !m z ty+ toge!r w\ld4 ,x makes !m /ick toge!r v tight4 ,we "k n :at x is1 b we call x attraction4 ,we say t ! p>ticles ( a solid attract ea* o!r v mu*4 ,?is is really j :at a *ild w\ld mean by say+ t !y /ick toge!r v close or v tight4 ,:y !y ?us attract ea* o!r1 or h[ !y d x1 no "o has ev] yet f\nd out4 ,sid5ote3 ,exp]im5t ) ,india-rubb] & ) bullets4 ,x seems to be necess>y t ! p>ticles %\ld be v ne> toge!r to attract ea* o!r z h>d z !y d 9 a solid4 ,if a solid is divid$ 9 any way1 y "k t y c n make ! two p>ts /ick close toge!r aga94 ,! reason is t y c n br+ ! p>ticles ne> en\gh to ea* o!r to hold toge!r4 ,?is is commonly s1 b n always4 ,if y divide a piece ( ,india-rubb]1 mak+ a smoo? cut ) a v %>p knife1 y c press ! two p>ts toge!r s z to make !m adh]e4 ,boys (t5 try ! foll[+ exp]im5t3 ,a piece is cut (f f two bullets1 & ea* cut place is scrap$ z smoo? z x c be4 ,! two bullets are !n press$ toge!r at ^! smoo? surfaces1 & !y adh]e s well t x takes consid]able pull+ to get !m ap>t4 ,"h en\gh ( ! p>ticles on ! surfaces are br\ght ne> en\gh toge!r to hold on to ea* o!r1 or to attract ea* o!r1 z x is commonly express$4 ,sid5ote3 ,drops ( wat]4 ,! p>ticles ( solids1 !n1 attract ea* o!r v mu*1 & x is ?is attraction t makes !m solid4 ,b h[ is x ) ! p>ticles ( liquids8 ,d !y n attract ea* o!r8 ,see t drop ( wat] on a w9d[4 ,:y is x 9 ! %ape ( a drop8 ,if ! p>ticles ( wat] did n attract ea* o!r !y w\ld be spread out on ! glass4 ,!y w\ld n be 9 ! %ape ( a drop4 ,!y d n attract ea* o!r v mu*1 b en\gh to keep !m toge!r 9 t %ape4 ,b y c spoil t drop v easily4 ,put y\r f+] on x1 & x is gone4 ,x is all spread out n[1 p>tly on y\r f+] & p>tly on ! glass4 ,:y is ?is8 ,x is because ! p>ticles attract ea* o!r s little t !y are easily sep>at$4 ,sid5ote3 ,drops ( wat] & %ot comp>$4 ,put y\r f+] on a %ot1 & x rema9s %ot /ill4 ,:y is x n gone l ! r\nd drop ( wat]8 ,because its p>ticles attract ea* o!r s mu* t !y are n easily sep>at$4 ,a m]e t\* w sep>ate ! p>ticles ( ! drop ( wat]1 & make !m roll ab\t any way2 b y c n d ?is to ! %ot )\t heat+ x v hot4 ,y c melt x1 & !n x w be1 l ! wat]1 a liquid4 ,its p>ticles n[ attract ea* o!r b little1 j z ! p>ticles ( wat] d4 ,& !n1 aga91 y c freeze ! wat]1 & its p>ticles attract ea* o!r l ! p>ticles ( ! solid %ot4 ,sid5ote3 ,quicksilv]4 ,9 "s fluids ! p>ticles attract ea* o!r m /rongly ?an !y d 9 o!rs4 ,& ! m !y attract ea* o!r1 ! bett] !y keep _! drop %ape4 ,p\r a v little quicksilv] on a flat surface4 ,see ! r\nd drops ( x roll ab\t6 ,h[ well !y keep _! %ape6 ,if y t\* !m y d n spoil !m1 z y d a drop ( wat] :5 y t\* x4 ,if y break "o z y t\* x1 its p>ts make only s _m little drops or balls4 ,:y is ?is8 ,x is because ! p>ticles ( ! quicksilv] attract ea* o!r s mu* m ?an ! p>ticles ( wat] d4 ,!y are s attractive to ea* o!r t !y are dispos$ to keep toge!r 9 little companies4 ,sid5ote3 ,drops on leaves4 ,y sometimes see drops ( wat] on ! leaves ( plants m r\nd & sep>ate ?an y see !m on w9d[-panes4 ,!y roll ab\t l ! little balls ( quicksilv]4 ,see ! reason ( ?is4 ,! p>ticles ( ! drop l ea* o!r1 z we may say1 bett] ?an !y d ! leaf4 ,!y are m ready to /ick toge!r ?an !y are to /ick to ! leaf1 & s !y roll ab\t on x l little balls4 ,z y see ! drops on ! glass1 !y are n r\nd1 because ! p>ticles on "o side /ick to ! glass--t is1 !y are attract$ by x2 b ! leaf does n attract ! p>ticles s mu* z ! glass does1 = x lets !m keep toge!r 9 a r\nd =m4 ,!re is a diff]5ce betwe5 diff]5t leaves ab\t ?is4 ,on "s1 ! drops ( wat] act z !y d on ! w9d[-pane1 & on o!rs !y d z ,i h j told y2 & !n1 on ! same leaves1 ! drops act diff]5tly at diff]5t times4 ,sid5ote3 ,oil on wat]4 ,if y p\r a little oil on wat]1 y see ! oil float+ 9 drops4 ,?is is = ! same reason t wat] /&s 9 r\nd drops on "s leaves4 ,! wat] has no attraction = ! oil1 & s ! p>ticles ( ! oil hold toge!r 9 little companies on ! surface ( ! wat]4 ,x is diff]5t :5 oil is spill$ ^u clo? or wood4 ,x has s mu* attraction = !m t x m+les up ) _! fibres1 in/ead ( =m+ into r\nd companies z x does on ! wat]4 ,sid5ote3 ,h[ %ot are made4 ,sid5ote3 ,h[ %ot are r\nd4 ,:5ev] !re is a little ( any liquid by itself1 x t5ds to take a r\nd %ape1 z se5 9 ! quicksilv]1 & 9 ! drops ( wat] on w9d[s & leaves4 ,we see a pretty example ( ?is 9 ! manufacture ( %ot4 ,p]haps y h se5 a %ot t[]4 ,x is v high4 ,all ! %ot t are made drop f ! top to ! bottom4 ,at ! top !y h ! melt$ lead4 ,!y p\r x into a sort ( cull5d]--t is1 a vessel ) holes 9 x4 ,^! holes are q small4 ,f ea* "o ( ^! holes come out1 "o aft] ano!r1 drops ( ! melt$ lead4 ,ea* drop is r\nd4 ,x cools z x goes d[n all ?is long di/ance 9 ! air1 & by ! "t t x gets to ! bottom ( ! t[]1 x is cold & solid4 ,! %ot all fall into a tub ( wat]1 s t !y may keep _! r\nd %ape4 ,n[ :y is x t ! %ot are r\nd8 ,simply because :5 !y beg9 to fall !y are melt$ lead--t is1 a fluid4 ,_! p>ticles are dispos$1 !re=e1 to hold toge!r 9 a r\nd =m1 l ! p>ticles ( quicksilv]1 or ( a drop ( wat]4 ,sid5ote3 ,bullets4 ,bullets are made by p\r+ ! melt$ lead into m\lds4 ,?9k1 n[1 :y !y c n be made 9 ! same way t %ot are4 ,! reason is t !re are m p>ticles 9 a bullet ?an c hold toge!r 9 a r\nd %ape :ile ! lead is fluid4 ,y c n h v l>ge drops ( any fluid4 ,! p>ticles w hold toge!r only 9 small companies4 ,sid5ote3 ,mak+ soap-bubbles roll4 ,!re is "o ?+ t y c d ) soap-bubbles :i* p]haps y h nev] ?\ght (4 ,y c make !m roll on a table or on ! floor by bl[+ !m along4 ,! reason is t ! p>ticles ( soap & wat] mix$ toge!r hold on to ea* o!r1 or attract ea* o!r1 bett] ?an ! p>ticles ( wat] alone4 ,que/ions4--,:at is ! great diff]5ce betwe5 a solid & a fluid8 ,give ! comp>ison ab\t a cr[d4 ,d we "k :at x is t fa/5s ! p>ticles ( a solid toge!r8 ,:at is x call$8 ,:at is said ab\t ! p>ticles be+ ne> toge!r8 ,tell ab\t ! exp]im5t ) ! ,india-rubb] & ! lead4 ,h[ d liquids diff] f solids 9 attraction8 ,:y is wat] on a pane ( glass (t5 9 drops8 ,:y is x t y c spoil a drop by a t\*8 ,tell h[ a %ot diff]s f a drop ( wat]4 ,is ! attraction betwe5 ! p>ticles alike 9 all fluids8 ,tell ab\t ! quicksilv]4 ,tell ab\t ! drops ( wat] on leaves4 ,tell ab\t oil dropp$ ^u wat]4 ,h[ is x ) oil spill$ ^u clo? or wood8 ,describe %ot-mak+4 ,:y are ! %ot r\nd8 ,h[ are bullets made8 ,:y c n !y be made 9 ! same way t %ot are8 ,:at is said ab\t soap-bubbles8 ,,*apt] ,,xix4 ,,wat] ,,9 ,,! ,,air4 ,i h told y h[ wat] is 9 motion :5ev] x c be4 ,x runs :5ev] x c get a *ance to d x2 b x is 9 motion 9 ano!r way1 :i* ,i w n[ tell y ab\t4 ,sid5ote3 ,f :at wat] goes up into ! air4 ,y hang out a wet clo? to dry4 ,:5 x is dry1 :at has become ( ! wat] t 0 9 x8 ,x has gone some:]e4 ,:]e has x gone8 ,x has fl[n1 l ! birds1 into ! air2 b x has gone s quietly t nobody has se5 x g4 ,! little f9e p>ticles ( ! wat] t ,i h told y ab\t h mix$ up ) ! air1 & are bl[n ab\t ) x e :]e4 ,& s1 :5 y write1 z ! ink dries on ! pap]1 ! wat] 9 x flies (f into ! air1 leav+ ! d>k "p ( ! ink beh9d4 ,!re is a great deal ( wat] t is go+ up into ! air 9 ?is way all ! "t4 ,x goes up f e ?+ t is wet4 ,aft] a %[]1 ! gr\nd1 ! /ones1 ! h\ses1 ! trees1 & plants are all v wet1 b 9 a little "t !y are dry aga94 ,mo/ ( ! wat] on !m has gone up 9 ! air1 & is m+l$ up ) x4 ,x has m+l$ ) x 9 su* a way t y c n see x4 ,! air is g5]ally z cle> ) all ?is wat] 9 x z x is :5 x is p]fectly dry4 ,ev5 9 a bright1 cle> day1 !re is a great deal ( wat] mix$ up ) ! air4 ,b wat] goes up into ! air n m]ely f ?+s t appe> wet4 ,y rememb] t1 9 ,"p ,fir/1 ,i told y t wat] is all ! "t go+ out f ! pores ( ! leaves4 ,a great deal ( wat] is furni%$ to ! air 9 ?is way4 ,sid5ote3 ,exp]im5t ) ! arm & a glass j>4 ,!n !re is wat] go+ up f ! sk9s ( animals4 ,mu* wat] goes f y\r sk9 into ! air con/antly1 ev5 :5 y c n see t y are p]spir+4 ,y c prove ?is by putt+ y\r arm into a glass j>1 & hold+ x !re "s "t4 ,! inside ( ! j> w become cov]$ ) ! wat] t comes f ! pores ( ! sk9 on y\r arm4 ,?is is l ! exp]im5t ) leaves notic$ on page #gg ( ,"p ,fir/4 ,sid5ote3 ,wat] 9 ! brea?4 ,!re is wat]1 too1 com+ out f ! lungs ( animals & mix+ ) ! air4 ,x comes f _! lungs j z x does f ! leaves1 :i* y "k are ! lungs ( plants4 ,y c see ?is if y brea! ^u a cold w9d[4 ,! moi/ure or wat] t is brea!d out ) ! air f ! lungs ga!rs ^u ! glass4 ,9 ! morn+ y (t5 see ! panes ( ! w9d[s 9 y\r *amb] v wet4 ,all ?is wat] has come f y\r lungs z y h slept4 ,9 a v cold day ! wat] 9 y\r brea? freezes ^u :atev] is ab\t y\r m\?4 ,y see ! wat] ( ! brea? ( a horse froz5 on ! hairs ab\t 8 m\?4 ,s y see wat] is go+ up into ! air all ! "t f ! gr\nd1 ! leaves1 ! animals1 & inde$ f e ?+ t is at all moi/4 ,x goes up also 9 great quantities f seas1 riv]s1 lakes1 etc4 ,wat]1 !n1 is always mov+4 ,x runs & x flies4 ,x flies up into ! air1 & comes d[n aga9 9 ! ra9 to run 9 ! /reams4 ,x is ev] go+ its r\nds1 go+ up & com+ d[n1 & none ( x ev] /ays long 9 "o place4 ,! only way 9 :i* x c be made to keep /ill is to %ut x up4 ,let x be free1 & x w soon be gone1 ei!r by runn+ or fly+4 ,sid5ote3 ,wat] 9 ! air se5 9 fog4 ,commonly ! wat] 9 ! air is n se51 z ,i h be=e told y2 b sometimes y c see x4 ,y see x 9 ! brea? 9 a v cold day4 ,! cold air makes x look l smoke com+ out ( ! m\?4 ,y see x1 too1 9 ! fog4 ,:5 !re is a fog !re is a great deal ( wat] 9 ! air4 ,! reason t y c see x is t ! p>ticles ( wat] are n z f9ely divid$ up z :5 ! air is cle>4 ,!y are 9 little companies1 z we may say1 b !re are n en\gh ( !m toge!r to make drops4 ,if !y 7 9 companies l>ge en\gh to make drops1 !y w\ld fall to ! gr\nd--t is1 we %\ld h a ra94 ,sid5ote3 ,a beautiful sc5e4 ,sometimes ! fog is e :]e2 sometimes x hangs only j ov] ! wat]4 ,if y are on a v high hill1 :]e y c look (f & see a riv] 9 ! di/ance1 y c sometimes see 9 ! morn+ a l9e ( fog /ret*+ along :]e ! riv] is1 :ile x is n[h]e else4 ,i once saw a v s+ul> & beautiful sc5e made by ! fog4 ,i _h be5 out on horseback 9 ! night to visit a sick p]son4 ,z ,i return$1 j be=e sunrise1 ,i saw f a v high hill a ?ick fog ov] all ! riv] bel[4 ,f ! riv] arose high hills1 irregul> 9 _! %ape1 & on ! sides ( ^! hills 7 h\ses at diff]5t heights4 ,! l[] h\ses 7 all s cov]$ by ?is d5se fog t ,i c\ld n see !m1 :ile ^? t /ood high up on ! hills ,i c\ld see z pla9ly z ev]4 ,x look$ z if a sea _h come 9 :ile ,i 0 gone on my visit1 & _h fill$ up ! valley :]e ! riv] ran1 = ! fog rose to ! same height on ! sides ( all ! hills4 ,_m ( ! h\ses /ood ^u ! v edge ( ?is sea4 ,! sc5e 0 s beautiful t ,i wait$ to see ! sun rise ^u x4 ,z x rose1 x %one ov] ! tops ( ! hills1 & light$ up ?is sea ( fog1 :i* x 9 a little "t scatt]$ by its heat4 ,sid5ote3 ,d5se fogs (t5 hang+ ov] l>ge cities4 ,v ?ick fogs (t5 hang ov] l>ge cities1 :ile all ar\nd 9 ! c\ntry ! air may be p]fectly cle>4 ,london is (t5 cov]$ ) su* a fog4 ,sometimes x has be5 s d5se t p c\ld n see to d any bus9ess4 ,x is relat$ t ! fog ov] ! city ( ,p>is 0 once s ?ick t p]sons :o w5t ab\t ) tor*es (t5 ran aga9/ ea* o!r1 because ev5 lights c\ld n be se5 unless !y 7 v ne>4 ,& 9 ,am/]dam1 9 a fog 9 ! ye> #agij1 !re 7 ov] two hundr$ p]sons dr[n$ by fall+ 9 ! d>kness into ! canals :i* run ?r\gh e "p ( t s+ul> city4 ,que/ions4--,:at becomes ( ! wat] :5 a clo? is dri$8 ,tell ab\t ! dry+ ( ink on ! pap]4 ,tell ab\t wat]'s go+ up 9 ! air aft] a %[]4 ,c y commonly see ! wat] t is 9 ! air8 ,does wat] g into ! air f ?+s t d n appe> wet8 ,:at is said ab\t its go+ f ! sk9s ( animals8 ,tell ab\t ! exp]im5t ) ! glass j>4 ,:at is said ab\t wat]'s be+ brea!d out f ! lungs8 ,9 :at ways d y see ?is %[n8 ,:at is said ab\t wat]'s be+ 9 con/ant motion8 ,:5 !re is a fog1 :y is x t y see ! wat] t is 9 ! air8 ,tell :at is said ab\t fogs4 ,tell ab\t ! fogs t hang ov] l>ge cities4 ,,*apt] ,,xx4 ,,cl\ds4 ,sid5ote3 ,cl\ds made ( fog4 ,y see wat] 9 ! air 9 ano!r %ape besides fog4 ,y see x 9 ! cl\ds4 ,a cl\d is really fog1 b x is high up 9 ! air1 :ile :at we commonly call fog is ne> ! gr\nd4 ,sid5ote3 ,mi/s4 ,sometimes ra9 comes f ! cl\ds1 & sometimes !y give out no ra94 ,:y is ?is8 ,:5 ! cl\ds d n ra91 ! wat] 9 !m keeps 9 ! /ate ( fog4 ,! p>ticles are all 9 small companies2 b :5 ! ra9 comes f ! cl\ds1 x is because ! cold air makes ! p>ticles ga!r into l>g] companies1 s z to =m drops4 ,!n !y fall4 ,a mi/ is diff]5t f ra9 9 ?is way--! companies ( p>ticles are n z l>ge z 9 ra94 ,on ! o!r h&1 !y are l>g] ?an !y are 9 fogs or 9 cl\ds4 ,sid5ote3 ,h[ ! ra9 is made to come f cl\ds4 ,y rememb] :at ,i h told y ab\t ! ga!r+ ( wat] ^u ! tumbl]s 9 w>m wea!r4 ,x is ! coldness ( ! tumbl] t does ?is4 ,x ga!rs1 or cond5ses1 z we commonly say1 ! wat] 9 ! air into companies or drops on ! tumbl]1 j z cold air com+ ^u a cl\d cond5ses ! wat] into drops t fall to ! e>? 9 ra94 ,h[ swiftly ^! collections ( wat]1 ! cl\ds1 are sometimes c>ri$ along by ! w9d6 ,x seems z if !y 7 *as+ ea* o!r across ! sky4 ,sid5ote3 ,%apes ( cl\ds4 ,h[ diff]5t are ! %apes ( ! cl\ds6 ,sometimes !y lie along1 /ret*$ out l long /raight /ripes2 & sometimes !y are 9 heaps1 pil$ up "o above ano!r4 ,!n1 aga91 !y are spread l fea!rs4 ,x seems /range t fog high up 9 ! air %\ld collect into su* diff]5t =ms1 :5 ne> ! gr\nd x always appe>s v mu* ! same4 ,sid5ote3 ,_! beauty4 ,at morn+ & ev5+ ! cl\ds are (t5 v beautiful4 ,h[ d y ?9k t ! ri* bright colors are made8 ,!y are made by ! sun %9+ ^u ! little companies ( wat]-p>ticles ( :i* ! cl\ds are made4 ,i w tell y m ab\t ?is :5 ,i come to speak ( ,light4 ,! cl\ds are n s high up 9 ! air z mo/ p ?9k !y are4 ,"s cl\ds are high] ?an o!rs1 because !y are light]2 & sometimes y c see ! cl\ds t are v high up go+ 9 a diff]5t direction f ^? t are ne>] to ! e>?4 ,?is is because !re are (t5 curr5ts ( air v high up t d n g ! same way ) ! w9ds bel[4 ,p]sons t g up 9 balloons h f\nd ?is to be s1 z ,i h be=e told y4 ,sid5ote3 ,cl\ds ab\t m\nta9s4 ,cl\ds are (t5 se5 ab\t ! sides ( high m\nta9s :ile ! sun is %9+ ^u _! tops2 & p]sons t are on ! top ( a m\nta9 may sometimes see cl\ds bel[ !m1 :ile ! sky is cle> ov]head4 ,i 0 once on ! top ( ,catskill ,m\nta9 :5 a %[] pass$ ov]4 ,! cl\d1 aft] x _h pass$ ov] ! m\nta91 spread ov] ! c\ntry bel[1 s t ,i look$ d[n ^u x4 ,z ! cl\d 0 r a ?9 "o1 x 0 brok5 into p>ts4 ,! sun1 !re=e1 %one ?r\gh ! op5+s "h & !re2 & ,i rememb] see+ ?r\gh "o op5+ 9 ! cl\d a beautiful spot1 :]e !re 0 a f>m-h\se & a pond ne> by1 light$ up by ! bright sun %9+ ?r\gh ano!r op5+4 ,sid5ote3 ,:at goes up f ! e>? to make cl\ds4 ,x is ! wat] t goes up f ! e>? into ! air t makes ! cl\ds4 ,i h told y f :at a v>iety ( ?+s ?is wat] comes4 ,ev5 ! p]spiration f y\r sk9 & ! moi/ure t is brea!d out f y\r lungs (t5 help to =m ! cl\ds t y see float+ s high 9 ! air4 ,z ,i h told y be=e1 wat] is ev] *ang+1 ev] mov+4 ,x is sil5tly go+ up into ! air f almo/ e ?+ on ! e>?4 ,!n y see "s ( x mov+ along 9 ! cl\ds4 ,x falls d[n 9 ! ra94 ,x runs 9 ! brooks & ! riv]s4 ,9 ! sea x is la%$ into waves by ! w9d1 & is s cont9ually 9 motion !re t ! re/less sea is a common expression4 ,wat] is always go+ some:]e4 ,ev5 9 places :]e x seems to be /ill1 x is n s2 ev5 !re1 "s ( x is all ! "t go+ up into ! air1 & o!r wat] comes to take ! place ( t :i* goes up4 ,sid5ote3 ,wat] a great travel]4 ,wat] is a great travel]4 ,if any p>ticle ( wat] c\ld write its own hi/ory1 & tell :]e x _h be5 ev] s9ce x 0 creat$1 :at a v>i$ hi/ory x w\ld be6 ,n[ x is toss$ 9 ! waves2 n[ x is fly+ (f 9 ! air on ! w+s ( ! w9d2 n[ x is 9 a cl\d2 n[ x falls 9 a drop f high up 9 ! air2 n[ x s9ks into ! gr\nd1 & is suck$ up by "s plant2 & n[1 p]haps1 f ! plant1 eat5 by "s animal1 x goes into ! blood ( t animal4 ,?us x goes e :]e & 9 all sorts ( company4 ,clean z is ! draught ( wat] t s refre%es y1 x is made up ( p>ticles t h be5 9 company ) all sorts ( ?+s1 clean & unclean1 9 all p>ts ( ! e>?4 ,obs]ve 9 :at v diff]5t ways ! wat] takes its />t to g (f up into ! air4 ,mu* ( x goes up f ! gr\nd1 & f ! surface ( l&s1 & lakes1 & seas1 & riv]s2 b a great deal also is suck$ up f ! gr\nd by ! roots ( trees & plants1 & travels up to ! leaves to take its flight into ! air f !m4 ,& !n1 too1 animals dr9k wat]1 & eat x 9 _! food1 & "s ( ?is flies (f into ! air f _! sk9s & lungs4 ,sid5ote3 ,wat] goes up 9 ! air 9 v>i\s ways1 & comes d[n 9 diff]5t =ms4 ,! wat] t goes up 9 ^! diff]5t ways has also diff]5t ways ( gett+ d[n ^u ! e>? aga94 ,t :i* is high up 9 ! =m ( cl\ds comes d[n 9 diff]5t %apes4 ,:5 cold air meets ! cl\ds1 & *anges ! wat] s f9ely divid$ 9 !m into drops1 x falls 9 ra94 ,:5 ! air is cold en\gh to freeze x1 x falls 9 ! %ape ( sn[ or hail4 ,que/ions4--,:at is a cl\d8 ,:y does x n always ra9 :5 x is cl\dy8 ,:at is ! diff]5ce betwe5 mi/ & ra98 ,give ! comp>ison betwe5 ! ra9 & ! ga!r+ ( wat] on a tumbl]4 ,:at is said ab\t ! %apes ( cl\ds8 ,:at ab\t _! colors at morn+ & ev5+8 ,:at is said ab\t ! heights ( cl\ds8 ,:at ab\t cl\ds ar\nd m\nta9s8 ,tell ab\t ! %[] on ! ,catskill ,m\nta94 ,:at is said ab\t ! moi/ure f y\r sk9 & lungs8 ,tell h[ ! wat] is always mov+ & *ang+4 ,:at is said ab\t wat] z a travel]8 ,tell 9 :at diff]5t ways ! wat] goes up 9 ! air4 ,9 :at diff]5t ways does x come d[n1 & :y8 ,,*apt] ,,xxi4 ,,sn[1 ,,fro/1 ,,& ,,ice4 ,h[ diff]5t sn[ is f wat]6 ,h[ :ite x is z x lies ^u ! e>? l a w9d+-%eet1 cov]+ up ! dead leaves & plants6 ,h[ ! w9d t makes waves 9 ! wat] heaps up ! sn[ 9 drifts6 ,! wat] slips f y\r h& z y grasp x1 b ! sn[ y c make into h>d balls1 or roll x up on ! gr\nd into l>g] ones to build sn[ =ts4 ,! sn[ lies quietly on ! sides ( hills & m\nta9s1 f :i*1 ! mom5t t x melts1 x runs d[n into ! valley bel[4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,! diff]5t =ms ( ! cry/als ( sn[4 ,b1 diff]5t z ! sn[ is f wat]1 x is no?+ b froz5 wat]4 ,x is wat] made solid2 &1 z ! wat] becomes solid up 9 ! air be=e x falls1 x =ms itself into _m diff]5t %apes4 ,! sn[ seems to be all alike z y look at x z x falls4 ,b x is n s4 ,!re is v>iety ev5 "h4 ,! sn[-flakes h v>i\s =ms4 ,we c see h[ diff]5t _! %apes are if we look at !m ) a microscope1 z !y are "h repres5t$4 ,sn[-flakes are beautiful ?+s to look at ev5 ) ! nak$ eye4 ,h[ light1 & delicate1 & fea!ry !y are6 ,:5 !y are v l>ge & ! air is /ill1 h[ sl[ly & /eadily !y fall6 ,let a few ( !m light ^u y\r coat sleeve1 :]e y c look at !m1 & y w admire _! beauty2 & :5 we look at !m ?r\gh a microscope1 we see t !re is n only beauty1 b a great v>iety ( beauty 9 !m1 z !re is 9 all ! o!r works ( ,god4 ,sid5ote3 ,sn[-flakes clu/]s ( cry/als4 ,sid5ote3 ,! p[] ( ,god se5 9 !m4 ,p]haps y h sometimes se5 l>ge cry/als ( qu>tz or o!r m9]als1 & y h admir$ !m because !y are s smoo?1 & regul>1 & cle>4 ,n[ e sn[-flake is a bundle ( little cry/als z regul> & beautiful z ! cry/als ( qu>tz4 ,!re are millions ( ^! cry/als 9 ! sn[ t y take up 9 y\r h&1 & 9 ! fall+ sn[ !y are put toge!r 9 all ! v>i$ =ms t y see 9 ! figures above4 ,z ,i told y ab\t ! leaves & ! fl[]s 9 ,"p ,fir/1 s we see1 :5 we exam9e ! sn[-flakes1 ! m we look into ! works ( ,god1 ! m beauty we %all f9d 9 !m4 ,h[ easy x is = ,god to fill ! air ) fall+ cry/als1 & to pile !m up ?ick on ! gr\nd6 ,) a free h& he ?us scatt]s beautiful ?+s 9 ! desolate w9t] z well z 9 ! bloom+ summ]1 & 8 p[] is z mu* se5 9 ! pure cry/als ( ! sn[-flake z 9 ! delicate & beautiful /ructures ( ! leaf & ! fl[]4 ,h[ beautiful is ! sc5e :5 ! sn[ has fall5 g5tly )\t w9d1 & has cov]$ ! bran*es ( trees & bu%es6 ,look up into a tree ?us cov]$4 ,!re ! cry/als lie1 pil$ up1 l tufts ( cotton1 out to ! v tips ( all ! bran*es4 ,millions & millions ( !m are on e twig4 ,h[ _m mu/ !re be on ! :ole tree6 ,& h[ _m on all ! trees & bu%es1 & ov] ! :ole surface ( ! gr\nd6 ,h[ easily n[ c ,god de/roy all ^! cry/als6 ,he c s5d a w>m sun1 ! w9d1 or a ra91 & !y are dissolv$ & *ang$ into wat] aga94 ,! e>?'s w9t] robe1 all made ( pure :ite gems1 is gone4 ,b ,god c1 :5ev] he w1 turn ! cl\ds above u aga9 into cry/als1 & /rew ! e>? ) !m z be=e4 ,sid5ote3 ,v>iety 9 ! figures ( fro/work4 ,! great v>iety ( =ms :i* wat] takes :5 x becomes solid is (t5 se5 on our w9d[s 9 w9t]4 ,! figures ( ! fro/work on !m are1 y "k1 almo/ endless 9 _! v>iety4 ,^! figures are made up ( little f9e cry/als1 & ^! cry/als are made out ( ! wat] z ! cold turns x f a fluid into a solid4 ,h[ x is t ! little p>ticles ( wat] arrange !mselves 9 ^! clu/]s ( cry/als1 bran*+ out on ! glass 9 all sorts ( %apes1 we d n "k4 ,god makes !m d s 9 a way t we c n und]/&4 ,h[ little d mo/ p ?9k ( ! wond]ful ?+s he is do+ be=e !m cont9ually6 ,if !y are told t ,god1 ) 8 cold1 makes ! moi/ure f _! brea? into beautiful cry/als1 !y c h>dly believe x1 & yet !y h se5 ^! cry/als 9 ! delicate fro/work on _! w9d[s w9t] aft] w9t] all _! lives4 ,! figures ( ?is cry/al fro/work are (t5 l leaves & fl[]s1 su* z we sometimes see on vessels ( silv]1 only mu* m delicate & beautiful4 ,x is z if ,god w\ld smile on u 9 ! v fro/s ( w9t] z he does 9 ! fl[]s ( summ]4 ,9 ^! figures1 made ( ! clu/]$ cry/als ( ! wat] f our brea?1 he tea*es u1 j z he does 9 ! fl[]s1 t he loves to make ?+s beautiful = u to enjoy look+ ^u !m4 ,sid5ote3 ,:y ice is made light] ?an wat]4 ,! ice1 (t5 s v ?ick1 is all cry/al4 ,& h[ beautiful x is :5 x is =m$ f cle> wat] 9 a /ill place6 ,!re is "o ?+ v s+ul> ab\t ice :i* ,i mu/ m5tion4 ,y "k t x is light] ?an wat]1 = x swims on ! top ( x in/ead ( s9k+ 9 x4 ,?is is r /range4 ,"o w\ld suppose t :5 ! fluid wat] *ang$ into a solid1 x w\ld be heavi]1 because ! p>ticles /ick tight] toge!r !n2 b someh[1 al?\gh !y /ick toge!r mu* m tightly1 !y are f>!r ap>t ?an !y 7 be=e4 ,x is ?is t makes ! ice light]4 ,if !y 7 clos] toge!r1 ( c\rse x w\ld be heavi]4 ,we d n und]/& h[ ,god has made ?is to be s1 b we c und]/& :at reason he _h = x4 ,x w\ld be v bad to h ice heavi] ?an wat]4 ,if x 7 heavi]1 !re w\ld be a great deal ( ice on ! bottom ( our riv]s1 & ponds1 & lakes 9 ! w9t]4 ,!n x w\ld take a long "t = ! w>m wea!r to melt ?is cov]$-up ice1 & 9 "s places x w\ld n all be melt$ be=e ano!r w9t] came4 ,?is w\ld make bad "w1 & e ye> x w\ld become worse1 = !re w\ld be additions f ye> to ye> to ! ice t is n melt$4 ,z x is n[1 ! ice is all cle>$ out ( ! way 9 mo/ p>ts ( ! _w 9 ! e>ly spr+1 because ! sun & ! w>m ra9s get at x1 & ?us ! e>? becomes ready 9 a v %ort "t = ! summ]4 ,sid5ote3 ,regions ( p]petual ice & sn[4 ,) u ! ice & ! sn[ be> rule b a "p ( ! ye>1 b !re are regions 9 ! f> nor? :]e !y are always pres5t4 ,no summ] comes !re to melt !m4 ,y h he>d ( ! iceb]gs 9 ! seas ( ^? regions4 ,^! piles ( ice (t5 rise l m\nta9s1 & _m a noble %ip has be5 cru%$ by !m4 ,!re are m\nta9s1 too1 9 "s p>ts ( ! _w s high t w9t] ev] rules on _! summits4 ,! ice & ! sn[ are ev] !re gli/5+ 9 ! sun1 ev5 :ile 9 ! valleys bel[ ! gold5 h>ve/s are rip5+ 9 all _! beauty4 ,que/ions4--,:at is said ab\t ! diff]5ce betwe5 sn[ & wat]8 ,:at is sn[8 ,is ! sn[ all alike8 ,:at is said ab\t ! beauty ( sn[-flakes8 ,:at are sn[-flakes8 ,give ! comp>ison betwe5 !m & o!r cry/als4 ,:at is true ( ! flakes ( sn[ j z x is ( leaves & fl[]s8 ,:at is said ab\t ! abundance ( ! cry/als ( sn[8 ,tell ab\t ! tree cov]$ ) sn[4 ,:at is said ab\t ,god's de/roy+ ! cry/als ( ! sn[8 ,:at is ! fro/work on ! w9d[s 9 w9t]8 ,:at is said ab\t ! figures 9 x8 ,:at is ice8 ,:at is !re v s+ul> ab\t x8 ,:at w\ld happ5 if ice 7 heavi] ?an wat]8 ,tell ab\t ! regions :]e !re are always ice & sn[4 ,:at is true ( "s m\nta9s8 ,,*apt] ,,xxii4 ,,heat ,,& ,,cold4 ,we d n "k :at heat is4 ,wise m5 h tri$ to f9d out :at x is1 b !y h nev] be5 able to d x4 ,b we "k "s ?+s t heat comes f1 & "s ?+s t x does1 & ^! ,i w tell y ab\t4 ,sid5ote3 ,mo/ ( ! heat 9 ! _w comes f ! sun4 ,mo/ ( ! heat 9 ! _w comes f ! sun 9 company ) ! light4 ,a long way x travels to get "h4 ,x is millions & millions ( miles t x comes 9 /raight l9es to u4 ,!n !re is ! heat t comes f ! fires t we make4 ,"h !re is g5]ally light ) ! heat1 j z !re is ) t :i* comes f ! sun4 ,heat & light1 :5 !y come toge!r1 d n always keep toge!r1 b are sometimes sep>at$ f ea* o!r4 ,if y are /&+ be=e a fire & hold+ a pane ( glass be=e y\r face1 x keeps (f ! heat--t is1 ! heat does n come ?r\gh ! glass1 or s little ( x comes ?r\gh t y d n feel x4 ,! glass /ops ! heat1 b lets its companion1 ! light1 pass ?r\gh4 ,n[1 if ! light ( ! sun comes ?r\gh a w9d[1 y feel ! heat ) x4 ,! light & heat come ?r\gh ! glass 9 company4 ,!y are n sep>at$ aft] travel+ s _m millions ( miles toge!r4 ,:y x is diff]5t ) ! fire & ! sun we "k n4 ,i suppose t ! heat & light t come f ! sun are 9 "s way m closely unit$ ?an ! heat & light t come f ! fire1 & !re=e are n s easily p>t$4 ,sid5ote3 ,heat made 9 our bodies4 ,b heat is (t5 made )\t any light4 ,?is is ! case ) ! heat ( our bodies4 ,!re is a sort ( burn+ e :]e )9 u to make ! heat1 b x is a burn+ )\t any flame or light4 ,our bodies are n made w>m by fire & clo?+1 b !y keep !mselves w>m4 ,! only use ( our fires & clo?+ g5]ally is to keep ! heat :i* is made 9 our bodies f fly+ (f too fa/ 9 ! air ar\nd u4 ,a great deal ( heat is made 9 ! bodies ( all animals1 & ! m active !y are ! m heat !y make4 ,y "k t :5 y play v h>d y become v mu* heat$4 ,?is is because1 :5 ! he>t beats s quickly1 s5d+ ! blood all ov] ! body s rapidly1 !re is m heat manufactur$ ?an :5 ! body is /ill4 ,sid5ote3 ,friction a s\rce ( heat4 ,heat is also produc$ by friction )\t caus+ any light4 ,rub two smoo? /icks toge!r1 & see h[ w>m !y become4 ,! woodwork ( ma*9]y has be5 kn[n to take fire f ! heat caus$ by friction2 & ,indians us$ (t5 to k9dle _! fires by rubb+ two /icks toge!r4 ,y "k h[ easily a mat* takes fire by rubb+ x4 ,?is is because !re is on ! end ( x a sub/ance t takes fire ) a v little heat1 & s requires b a little friction to set x on fire4 ,?is curi\s sub/ance is phosphorus4 ,x is mix$ ) sulphur on ! ends ( ! mat*es4 ,:5 once ! phosphorus is set on fire ) ! friction1 x burns ! sulphur ) x4 ,sid5ote3 ,lucif] mat*es4 ,sid5ote3 ,! t9d]-box4 ,x is n _m ye>s s9ce ! lucif] mat*es1 z !y 7 at fir/ call$1 7 inv5t$4 ,be=e ?is we _h a mo/ inconv5i5t way ( gett+ a light :5 !re 0 no fire at h&4 ,a fl9t 0 /ruck ^u a piece ( /eel aga9 & aga9 ov] "s t9d]4 ,! object 0 to make a sp>k :i* w\ld set fire to ! t9d]4 ,?is 0 n always readily done1 & ,i rememb] gett+ out ( pati5ce _m a "t 9 work+ ov] my t9d]-box :5 ,i 0 a /ud5t 9 college4 ,sid5ote3 ,heat made 9 ! e>?4 ,!re is a great deal ( heat made inside ( ! e>?1 & x is suppos$ by "s t all ! middle ( ?is great r\nd ball t is call$ ! e>? is an imm5se fire l a furnace4 ,! e>?quakes are suppos$ to be caus$ by ! heav+s ( ?is fire1 & ! volcanoes are s _m *imneys :]e ! fire ( ?is great furnace gets v5t4 ,sid5ote3 ,cold n a ?+4 ,heat is a ?+1 b !re is really no su* ?+ z cold4 ,any ?+ is cold :5 !re is b little heat 9 x4 ,:e!r all ! heat c get out ( any ?+ we d n "k4 ,!re is heat ev5 9 ice4 ,?is has be5 prov$ 9 ?is way3 ,two pieces ( ice 7 rubb$ toge!r 9 a v cold day1 & "s ( ! ice became melt$4 ,h[ 0 ?is8 ,! air all ab\t ! ice 0 too cold to melt x2 & x mu/ be1 !re=e1 t x 0 ! heat 9 ! ice1 wak$ up1 z we may say1 & br\ght out by ! rubb+1 t melt$ ! ice4 ,:at feels cold to y may feel w>m to ano!r4 ,if1 :5 y\r h& is v w>m1 y take hold ( "s "o's h& t is only mod]ately w>m1 x w feel cool to y1 & p]haps ev5 cold2 b if "s "o ^: h&s are q cold takes hold ( ! same h&1 x w feel to him q w>m4 ,sid5ote3 ,exp]im5t ) ?ree vessels4 ,try a little exp]im5t1 :i* w %[ ! same ?+ 9 ano!r way4 ,take ?ree vessels4 ,put into "o wat] z hot z y\r h& c be>1 into ano!r ice-cold wat]1 & into ! ?ird wat] t is a little w>m1 or t has _h ! *ill tak5 (f4 ,n[ put "o ( y\r h&s into ! vessel ( hot wat]1 & ! o!r into ! vessel ( cold wat]4 ,keep !m !re a little :ile4 ,!n take !m out1 & put bo? into ! vessel t has ! wat] :i* is slightly w>m$4 ,! wat] 9 ?is w feel cold to ! h& :i* 0 9 ! hot wat]1 & w>m to ! h& :i* 0 9 ! cold wat]4 ,sid5ote3 ,dr9k+ wat] aft] eat+ ice-cream4 ,= ! same reason1 wat] /&+ 9 a room w feel q w>m to y if y h be5 h&l+ sn[1 ?\gh x is cold to o!rs4 ,s1 also1 wat] t 0 v cold to y be=e eat+ ice-cream1 seems1 aft] eat+ x1 to h lo/ all its coldness4 ,s y see t heat & cold are n two ?+s sep>ate f ea* o!r1 ( :i* y c tell :]e "o beg9s & ! o!r ends4 ,x is conv5i5t to speak ( ! cold z if x 7 a ?+1 j z heat is1 ?\gh1 z ,i h told y1 x is n2 & x is well en\gh to d s if we und]/& ! matt] "r4 ,que/ions4--,:at d we "k ab\t heat8 ,f :at does mo/ ( ! heat come8 ,:at does x come )8 ,:at is said ab\t sun-heat & fire-heat8 ,tell ab\t ! mak+ ( heat 9 our bodies4 ,:at is ! use ( our fires & clo?+ 9 cold wea!r8 ,:y d y become s mu* heat$ on play+ h>d8 ,:at is said ab\t friction8 ,expla9 ! op]ation ( ,lucif] mat*es4 ,:at is said ab\t t9d]-boxes8 ,:at is said ab\t ! inside ( ! e>?8 ,:5 is any ?+ cold8 ,is !re any ?+ t has no heat 9 x8 ,h[ is x prov$ t !re is heat 9 ice8 ,does :at feels cold to "o always feel cold to ano!r8 ,give ! exp]im5t ( ! ?ree vessels ( wat]4 ,:at o!r ?+s c be expla9$ 9 ! same way8 ,,*apt] ,,xxiii4 ,,! ,,diffusion ,,( ,,heat4 ,sid5ote3 ,exp]im5t %[+ h[ heat spreads4 ,heat always tries to spread itself 9 all directions4 ,if y put ! end ( a pok] 9 ! fire & hold x !re1 y d some?+ m ?an heat t end4 ,y heat ! :ole ( x up to ! end t y hold 9 y\r h&4 ,! reason is1 t ! heat t comes into ! end ( ! pok] :i* is 9 ! fire spreads ?r\gh all ( x to ! o!r end4 ,illu/ration ,?is figure repres5ts an exp]im5t t y c try1 :i* %[s h[ ! heat spreads ?r\gh any ?+ solid4 ,a rod or b> ( iron is tak51 & small balls ( wood are fa/5$ to x1 z y see1 by "s wax4 ,n[1 on heat+ "o end ( ! b> ) a lamp1 z ! heat spreads along ! b>1 ! balls "o aft] ano!r drop (f1 because ! wax t holds !m melts4 ,heat spreads f "o ?+ to ano!r :5 x c get a *ance to d x4 ,if "o ?+ t has a good deal ( heat 9 x t\*es or is ne> by ano!r t has less heat 9 x1 x p>ts ) "s ( its heat1 & lets x g into ! o!r ?+1 & aft] a little :ile "o w be z w>m z ! o!r4 ,= ?is reason1 9 a w>m$ room1 all ! furniture1 ! tables1 ! bureaus1 ! c>pet1 & ! walls ( ! room become heat$ alike4 ,! heat f ! fire spreads ?r\gh !m all4 ,x takes "s "t to d ?is1 b x is done4 ,sid5ote3 ,h[ ice is melt$4 ,x is because heat goes f "o ?+ to ano!r t ice melts 9 w>m wat] or w>m air4 ,"s ( ! heat 9 ! wat] or air goes into ! ice & melts x1 & ! melt+ ice cools ! wat] or air by ?us tak+ a "p ( its heat4 ,! heat :i* ,i h told y is made 9 our bodies spreads cont9ually 9 ! air ar\nd u4 ,?is is ! reason t a room :i* is com=tably w>m becomes uncom=tably s :5 a l>ge company has be5 9 x = a little "t4 ,a great deal ( heat spreads into ! air f s _m bodies4 ,sid5ote3 ,h[ fann+ cools u4 ,sid5ote3 ,bl[+ on ! f+]s4 ,did y ev] ?9k h[ fann+ cools y8 ,x is by mak+ ! heat g (f fa/] f y\r body into ! air4 ,x moves (f ! air t has become heat$ by y\r body1 & br+s "s o!r air to take its place4 ,= ! same reason1 bl[+ ^u any ?+ t is hot helps to cool x4 ,x br+s ! air to x fa/] ?an x w\ld come )\t ! bl[+1 & s ! heat passes (f fa/]4 ,b p]haps y w ask me to expla9 :y x is t bl[+ on y\r f+]s :5 !y are cold w>ms !m1 :5 bl[+ on any ?+ hot cools x4 ,?is is pla9 en\gh4 ,! air t y bl[ on to y\r f+]s is w>m] ?an !y are1 & gives "s ( its heat to !m4 ,if1 on ! contr>y1 y\r f+]s 7 hot ) fev]1 bl[+ on !m w\ld cool !m1 = !y w\ld !n give "s ( _! heat to ! air t is cool] ?an !y are4 ,sid5ote3 ,wood a poor conductor4 ,heat spreads ?r\gh "s ?+s m easily ?an x does ?r\gh o!rs4 ,x spreads ?r\gh iron v easily inde$1 z y "k by hold+ an iron pok] ) "o end 9 ! fire1 b x does n spread any ?+ l z easily ?r\gh wood4 ,if y hold a /ick ( wood ) "o end 9 ! fire1 y c let x burn (f )\t feel+ ! heat at ! o!r end2 b y c\ld n hold a pok] s long 9 ! fire1 = ! heat w\ld spread to ! end 9 y\r h& s mu* t x w\ld soon be too hot = y to hold x4 ,s iron is said to be a bett] conductor ( heat ?an wood1 = ! heat is conduct$ ?r\gh x m easily ?an ?r\gh ! wood4 ,sid5ote3 ,wood5 h&les4 ,sid5ote3 ,hold]s4 ,sid5ote3 ,ice kept 9 flannel4 ,x is = ?is reason t wood5 h&les are put ^u "s iron tools t are us$ 9 op]ations ab\t ! fire4 ,! tool :i* ! t9man uses 9 sold]+ has a wood5 h&le4 ,if x _h n1 8 h& w\ld be burn$ by ! heat go+ up to x by ! iron h&le2 b v little ( x goes into ! wood5 h&le & spreads !re1 because wood is s poor a conductor ( heat4 ,we d n ne$ wood5 h&les = tongs & pok]s1 because we d n h to keep !m 9 ! fire s long z ! t9man does 8 sold]+-iron4 ,! h&le ( a metallic tea-pot is1 y "k1 made ( wood2 =1 if x 0 metallic1 ! heat f ! tea w\ld spread ?r\gh x1 & make x s hot t x c\ld n be held 9 ! h&4 ,! hold] :i* is us$ 9 iron+ is ( s]vice1 because x is s poor a conductor ( heat4 ,! heat does n readily g ?r\gh x to ! h&2 s1 also1 we sometimes use pap] to take up ?+s t are hot1 because ! pap]1 be+ a poor conductor1 does n let mu* ( ! heat pass ?r\gh x to ! h&4 ,y h se5 p wrap up ice 9 flannel to keep x f melt+4 ,! flannel "h does = ! ice :at ! wool5 or pap] hold] does = ! h&--x prev5ts ! heat 9 ! air ar\nd f gett+ to ! ice4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,exp]im5t on a /ove4 ,"h is repres5t$ an exp]im5t :i* %[s h[ heat spreads ?r\gh diff]5t ?+s ) diff]5t degrees ( rapidity4 ,"s pieces ( diff]5t ?+s ( ! same size & %ape are put on top ( a /ove4 ,!y are pieces ( iron z9c1 copp]1 lead1 m>ble1 & brick4 ,on ! top ( ea* is put a little bit ( wax4 ,! wax on ! copp] melts fir/1 because ?is is a bett] conductor ( heat ?an any ( ! o!rs4 ,next is ! iron2 next1 ! z9c2 next1 ! lead2 next1 ! m>ble2 & la/ ( all1 ! brick4 ,sid5ote3 ,air a poor conductor ( heat4 ,9 air t is kept /ill heat spreads v sl[ly2 b heat1 :5 x c1 always sets air 9 motion4 ,i h told y1 9 ,*apt] ,,xiii41 h[ heat$ air rises & cold air takes its place4 ,?is is go+ on all ! "t ab\t a /ove4 ,z fa/ z ! air is heat$1 x goes up by ! /ove & ! pipe1 & cold air keeps com+ to ! /ove to be heat$4 ,9 ?is way all ! air 9 ! room is1 aft] a little :ile1 w>m$4 ,n[1 if ! air c\ld all be kept /ill in/ead ( be+ kept 9 motion 9 ?is way1 x w\ld take a long "t = ! heat to be spread f ! /ove ?r\gh x1 = air1 l wood1 is a poor conductor ( heat4 ,sid5ote3 ,d\ble w9d[s4 ,we see ! fact t conf9$ air is a poor conductor ( heat 9 a great _m ?+s4 ,"s ( !m ,i w m5tion4 ,y h sometimes se5 d\ble w9d[s4 ,x is ! conf9$ air betwe5 ! out] & ! inn] w9d[s t prev5ts ! heat ( ! air 9 ! room f spread+ to ! air out doors4 ,:5 ! w9d[ is s+le1 ! outside air cools ! air 9 ! room ?r\gh ! w9d[ 9 ?is way3 ,! air 9 ! room close to ! w9d[ gives "s ( its heat to ! glass1 &1 be+ ?us cool$1 x falls1 & "s m w>m air comes to be cool$ 9 l mann]1 & !n falls1 & s on cont9ually4 ,all ?is "t ! cold air on ! outside keeps com+ to get w>m$ by ! glass1 & z x is w>m$ x goes up1 & m cold air comes to take its place4 ,b all ?is is pretty mu* prev5t$ :]e ! w9d[s are d\ble1 by ! conf9$ air betwe5 !m4 ,sid5ote3 ,a pe> kept 9 sn[4 ,!re is a great deal ( air 9 sn[4 ,?is is ! *ief reason t sn[ is s apt to keep ! gr\nd f be+ froz54 ,x is ! e>?'s w9t] coat ( conf9$ air1 = !re is air m+l$ ) its flakes z !y are pil$ ^u ea* o!r on ! gr\nd4 ,la/ spr+ ,i pick$ up a pe> 9 my g>d5 t 0 z fre% z x 0 :5 x fell ^u ! gr\nd 9 ! fall4 ,x happ5$ to lie 9 a spot :]e ! sn[ lay all ! w9t]1 & 0 ?us kept f freez+4 ,sid5ote3 ,h[ furs keep 9 w>m?4 ,furs are commonly spok5 ( z if !y _h "s w>m? 9 !m4 ,?is is a mi/ake4 ,!y are n w>m ( !mselves4 ,!y only s]ve to keep 9 ! heat t is made 9 ! body1 & !y d ?is by ! air t is m+l$ up ) ! fibres ( ! fur4 ,?is conf9$ air is a poor conductor1 & s ! heat made 9 ! body does n readily pass (f ?r\gh x into ! air ar\nd4 ,fur is !re=e to an animal1 9 ?is respect1 :at sn[ is to ! gr\nd1 or :at d\ble w9d[s are to a room2 & ! f9] ! fur is1 ! bett] does x keep ! heat 91 because ! air is m conf9$ among f9e fibres ?an x is 9 co>se hair4 ,& x is curi\s1 t if an animal ) ?ick fur is tak5 f ! cold c\ntry :]e he belongs to a w>m climate1 & kept !re1 8 fur gradually loses its f95ess & ?ickness1 & becomes l hair4 ,?is is because he does n ne$ 8 ?ick1 furry coat :]e ! wea!r is w>m4 ,y rememb] t ,i told y 9 ,"p ,fir/ t inside ( ! cov]+ ) :i* e "o ( ! buds on ! trees is protect$ f ! cold ( w9t] !re is a f9e d[n4 ,?is1 ,i told y1 0 ! bud's little blanket4 ,y c und]/&1 n[1 h[ ?is keeps x f be+ *ill$ by ! w9try bla/s4 ,x is ! air t is conf9$ betwe5 ! fibres ( ?is d[ny blanket t does x4 ,sid5ote3 ,d[ny blankets ( buds4 ,sid5ote3 ,h[ /raw protects trees f cold4 ,y rememb]1 also1 t ,i told y 9 ,"p ,fir/ ab\t ty+ /raw ar\nd trees to protect !m f ! w9t]'s cold4 ,n[ y "k t e /alk ( /raw is holl[1 & s is full ( air1 & x is ! air 9 all ! /alks ( ! /raw t makes x s good a coat = ! trees4 ,?is coat protects !m j 9 ! same way1 !n1 t an animal is protect$ by its furry coat1 or ! bud by its blanket ( d[n4 ,que/ions4--,:at is said ( ! spread+ ( heat8 ,:at is said ab\t its go+ f "o ?+ to ano!r8 ,h[ is ice melt$8 ,:at is said ab\t heat's spread+ f our bodies8 ,tell h[ fann+ cools y4 ,:y does bl[+ a hot ?+ help to cool x8 ,:y does bl[+ ^u cold f+]s w>m !m8 ,expla9 :at is meant :5 we say t "s ?+s are bett] conductors ( heat ?an o!rs4 ,give ! illu/rations4 ,h[ does heat commonly spread 9 air8 ,h[ w\ld x be if ! air c\ld be kept /ill8 ,expla9 h[ d\ble w9d[s keep ! heat 94 ,:at is said ab\t sn[8 ,:at ab\t furs8 ,:y does a f9e fur keep ! heat 9 bett] ?an a co>se "o8 ,h[ does tak+ an animal to a w>m climate affect ! fur8 ,tell ab\t ! blankets ( ! buds4 ,tell ab\t cov]+ trees ) /raw4 ,,*apt] ,,xxiv4 ,,:at ,,heat ,,does4 ,heat makes mo/ ?+s l>g]1 or exp&s !m1 z x is commonly express$4 ,i w give y "s examples ( ?is4 ,i h already told y 9 ,*apt] ,,xiii4 h[ heat exp&s air4 ,y rememb] ! two exp]im5ts ) ! bladd] be=e ! fire4 ,y rememb] also :at ,i told y ab\t ! expansion ( ! air 9 apples & *e/nuts by heat4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,exp]im5t %[+ h[ air is exp&$ by heat4 ,"h is repres5t$ ano!r exp]im5t :i* %[s t heat exp&s air4 ,a glass tube1 ) a bulb on ! end ( x1 is put ) its op5 end into a tumbl] ( wat]4 ,( c\rse ! tube is full ( air4 ,n[1 on putt+ ! w>m h& on ! bulb1 z repres5t$1 ! air 9 x w be w>m$4 ,! air1 !re=e1 swells1 & !re is n room = x all 9 ! tube2 & s "s ( x escapes 9 bubbles1 z y see1 ?r\gh ! wat]4 ,sid5ote3 ,snapp+ ( burn+ wood4 ,! snapp+ wood1 y "k1 (t5 ?r[s out sp>ks4 ,^! are p>ts ( ! wood p>tly burn$ t happ5 to be "r on ! spot :]e ! conf9$ heat$ air 0 t has brok5 loose4 ,! m por\s wood is1 ! m apt x is to snap4 ,! solid walnut seldom snaps2 b ! *e/nut1 :i* is v por\s1 is always snapp+4 ,s1 too1 dry wood snaps m ?an gre51 because ! sap has dri$ up1 & air has tak5 its place 9 ! pipes ( ! wood4 ,air exp&$ by heat1 z y h be=e se51 always rises4 ,x is pu%$ up1 z ,i h already told y1 by ! cold] air1 :i* is heavi]4 ,?is keeps ! air always mov+4 ,x is nev] /ill1 = heat is always act+ ^u x4 ,ev5 :5 x is s /ill t we say !re is no w9d1 x is n p]fectly /ill4 ,!re is all ! "t ! go+ up ( w>m air & ! com+ d[n ( t :i* is cold]4 ,y c see ?is 9 a room if y %ut x up s z to make x q d>k1 & let only a little light 9 by p>tly op5+ "o %utt]4 ,?\gh ! air seems to y to be p]fectly /ill1 y w see1 :]e ?is light is let 91 little motes fly+ up & d[n4 ,?is is because !re are curr5ts 9 ! air1 & ^! are made by heat4 ,sid5ote3 ,air set 9 motion by heat4 ,sid5ote3 ,sea breeze4 ,x is heat t puts ! air 9 motion s z to produce w9ds4 ,y h he>d p talk ab\t ! cool1 refre%+ sea breeze4 ,?is comes up commonly 9 ! aft]noon4 ,x is caus$ 9 ?is way3 ,! e>? becomes v mu* heat$ by ! hot sun dur+ ! day1 & s heats ! air above x4 ,?is heat$ air rises1 & ! air :i* comes (f f ! cool wat] to take its place makes ! sea breeze4 ,y see :y x is t heat$ air is light] ?an cold air4 ,x is swell$ by ! heat )\t hav+ any ?+ add$ to x4 ,its p>ticles are put f>!r ap>t4 ,x is made ?9n]1 & air1 z x becomes cold1 is contract$ or made small]4 ,its p>ticles are br\ght clos] toge!r1 & s x is made ?ick] & heavi]4 ,sid5ote3 ,liquids exp&$ by heat4 ,& s x is ) wat] or any liquid4 ,:5 x is heat$ x becomes l>g] & ?9n]1 j z air does1 & s is light]4 ,x rises1 !re=e1 be+ pu%$ up by ! heavi] cold wat]4 ,!re are1 !re=e1 ! same up & d[n curr5ts 9 wat] t !re are 9 ! air4 ,:5 "o is heat+ wat]1 ! w>m wat] is all ! "t go+ up1 & ! cold wat] is go+ d[n4 ,if y heat x 9 a glass vessel1 & h "s little light ?+s 9 ! wat]1 y c see !m g up & d[n 9 ! curr5ts 9 ! same way t y see motes mov+ up & d[n 9 ! curr5ts ( ! air4 ,! groc] kn[s v well t heat exp&s all liquids4 ,8 molasses & oil are mu* ?9n]1 & s run m freely 9 summ] ?an 9 w9t]4 ,& ! gallon ( molasses or oil t y buy 9 summ] does n weigh s mu* z ! same quantity 9 w9t]1 = ! same reason t heat$ air is light] ?an cold air4 ,sid5ote3 ,!rmomet] expla9$4 ,9 ! !rmomet] y see ! expansion or swell+ ( a fluid by heat4 ,put y\r f+] on ! bulb1 & hold x !re a little :ile4 ,! m]cury rises1 y see4 ,:at is ! reason8 ,! w>m? ( y\r f+] swells or exp&s ! m]cury1 & x rises1 because x ne$s m room4 ,y c d ! same ?+ by brea?+ on x4 ,y\r w>m brea? w exp& ! m]cury4 ,?is is j :at ! w>m air does to x2 & :5 ! wea!r is cold1 ! cold air %r9ks or contracts x4 ,:5 x is v cold inde$1 ! m]cury is v l[ d[n 9 ! tube1 because x is s mu* contract$ by ! cold air2 & :5 x is hot wea!r1 ! m]cury is v high1 because x is s mu* swoll5 by ! heat4 ,y c und]/&1 by :at ,i h told y1 h[ x is t we judge ( ! heat ( ! air by ! !rmomet]4 ,sid5ote3 ,sett+ tires4 ,heat exp&s solid sub/ances1 ?\gh n z mu* z x does ! air1 & gases1 & liquids4 ,if a rod ( iron w j g ?r\gh a hole 9 ano!r piece ( iron1 y c n get x into t hole :5 ! rod is heat$1 because x is swoll5 or exp&$ by ! heat4 ,! tire ( a :eel is heat$ :5 x is put on ! :eel4 ,:y ?is is done ,i w expla9 to y4 ,! tire is made a little too small = ! :eel4 ,y c n put x on ! :eel :ile x is cool1 b :5 x is heat$ x goes on v easily1 because ! heat has made x l>g]4 ,cold wat] is n[ p\r$ ^u x1 & z x contracts x fits v tightly1 giv+ great firmness to ! :eel4 ,x c\ld n be made to fit s tightly 9 any o!r way4 ,sid5ote3 ,heat *ang+ solids into fluids4 ,s ,i h %[$ y h[ heat exp&s v>i\s ?+s4 ,x sometimes does m ?an ?is :5 !re is en\gh ( x4 ,x *anges a solid into a fluid4 ,= example1 x *anges ice into wat]4 ,s x makes ! h>d iron into a fluid s t y c p\r x l wat]1 z y c see 9 an iron f\ndry :5 ! workm5 are ca/+4 ,x takes m heat to melt iron ?an x does to melt ice1 & x takes m to melt ice ?an to melt m]cury4 ,x takes s little to melt m]cury t we c seldom get a *ance to see x solid4 ,9 "s ( ! colde/ regions ( ! e>?1 h[ev]1 x is (t5 se5 solid4 ,b heat does m ?an ?is4 ,x *anges "s liquids into some?+ l air or gas4 ,= example1 x *anges wat] into /eam4 ,!re mu/ be a great deal ( ! heat to d ?is--mu* m ?an is requir$ to *ange ice into wat]4 ,sid5ote3 ,:at heat does to animals & plants4 ,sid5ote3 ,mak+ ( birds 9 eggs4 ,i h told y 9 ,p>ts ,fir/ & ,second mu* ab\t :at heat does to life 9 vegetables & animals4 ,! heat ( spr+ wakes up ! se$s & ! buds2 & /alks1 & leaves1 & fl[]s1 & fruits come =? f !m1 mak+ ! e>? *e]ful & gay4 ,x wakes up1 too1 multitudes ( animals1 t ) _! mov+ ab\t & _! v>i\s voices make ! _w e :]e s busy4 ,?us1 almo/ l magic1 does heat "w 9 ! animal & vegetable _w4 ,i "k n any ?+ 9 :i* ! effects ( heat are s wond]ful z 9 ! egg4 ,look at a h5's egg z x is op5$1 & see ! gold5 yolk 9 ! mid/ ( ! pure1 glairy :ite4 ,x does n seem t ?is c\ld be *ang$ into a *ick51 ) its bones1 & muscles1 & n]ves1 & fea!rs1 & claws1 & by no?+ b heat2 b s x is4 ,! h5 has only to keep ! egg w>m by sitt+ on x1 & all ?is happ5s2 & ! *ick51 :5 x is all =m$1 bur/s ! %ell1 & comes out f its r\nd :ite prison4 ,que/ions4--,h[ does heat affect mo/ ?+s8 ,expla9 ! snapp+ ( wood on ! fire4 ,:at are ! sp>ks t are ?r[n out8 ,:at k9ds ( wood snap mo/8 ,:at keeps air mov+1 & h[8 ,h[ c y "k t air is n /ill :5 x seems to be8 ,:at makes ! w9d8 ,:at is said ab\t ! sea breeze8 ,:y is heat$ air light] ?an cold air8 ,h[ is x ) wat]8 ,:at is said ab\t heat+ wat]8 ,:at effect does heat h on molasses & oil8 ,expla9 ! op]ation ( ! !rmomet]4 ,:at is said ab\t ! expansion ( solids by heat8 ,give ! exp]im5t ( ! rod ( iron4 ,expla9 ! putt+ ( a tire on a :eel4 ,:at is said ab\t ! *ang+ ( solids into fluids by heat8 ,:at *ange does v great heat produce 9 wat]8 ,:at does heat d 9 ! animal & ! vegetable _w8 ,:at is said ab\t ! egg8 ,,*apt] ,,xxv4 ,,/eam4 ,sid5ote3 ,h[ /eam is l air4 ,/eam is l air 9 ?ree ?+s4 ,x is v ?92 x is v ela/ic1 or has a great deal ( spr+9ess2 & y c n see x4 ,n[ p]haps y w say t ?is la/ is n true1 & t we (t5 see /eam puff+ out ( a /eam-eng9e or out ( a tea-kettle2 b ?is t we see is n really /eam4 ,x is n l ! /eam t is 9 ! boil] ( ! eng9e or 9 ! tea-kettle4 ,x is a cl\d ( fog t ! /eam has turn$ into on com+ out into ! air4 ,x is j l common fog1 except t x is hot4 ,real /eam y c n see z y see ?is4 ,sid5ote3 ,/eam 9 boil]s & tea-kettles4 ,p]haps y w ask h[ ,i "k t we c n see /eam1 z ,i c n look into a boil] or a tea-kettle4 ,if we boil wat] 9 a glass vessel1 we c see ! /eam if x c be se52 b we see no?+ 9 ! vessel ov] ! wat]1 & yet we "k t !re is a pl5ty ( /eam !re1 = ! /eam-fog is made 9 ! air by ! /eam com+ out at ! m\? ( ! vessel4 ,sid5ote3 ,h[ /eam is made4 ,b we d n ne$ ?is pro( to %[ u t /eam c n be se54 ,look at ! nose ( a tea-kettle :5 ! wat] is boil+ 9 x q briskly4 ,close to x1 = half an in* or m1 y c n see ! /eam-fog at all4 ,:at is ! reason8 ,!re is a /ream ( /eam com+ out z fa/ z x c get out1 b ! air has n yet _h a *ance to *ange x into fog4 ,x mu/ spread out a little fir/4 ,:5 x beg9s to spread out1 ! cool air makes ! p>ticles ( /eam =m into companies1 & x is a multitude ( ^! companies t y see 9 ! cl\d ( /eam1 z x is call$1 t comes f a /eam-eng9e or f a tea-kettle4 ,! air really *anges ! /eam into wat]1 = fog1 z ,i h told y 9 ,*apt] ,,xix41 is wat] 9 companies t are too small to make drops4 ,sid5ote3 ,simm]+4 ,see1 n[1 h[ /eam is made out ( ! wat] 9 a tea-kettle4 ,! fire heats ! wat] t is ne>e/ to x 9 ! kettle4 ,?is rises1 & m wat] comes to take its place & be heat$1 & s ! wat] keeps circulat+ up & d[n1 ! w>m] go+ up & ! cool] go+ d[n4 ,aft] a :ile1 :5 ! wat] all gets to be v hot1 y he> a simm]+ noise4 ,n[ ! /eam beg9s to be made4 ,! s\nd is made by little bubbles ( /eam :i* are =m$ at ! bottom ( ! kettle4 ,soon l>g] bubbles ( /eam are made1 because s mu* m ( ! wat] becomes hot en\gh to be readily made into /eam2 & ! ris+ ( ^! bubbles makes a great commotion1 z y c see if ! wat] be 9 an op5 pot4 ,all ?is process ( /eam-mak+ y c see if ! wat] is boil$ 9 a ?9 glass bottle1 or flask1 z x is call$4 ,sid5ote3 ,=ce ( /eam4 ,!re is a great deal ( =ce 9 /eam4 ,x is /eam t works ! locomotive1 & moves along ! great /eam%ip 9 ! wat]4 ,sometimes x %[s its p[] 9 de/ruction1 z :5 x bur/s a boil]4 ,n[ :at is x t makes /eam s p[]ful8 ,to und]/& ?is1 look at a locomotive :5 x is /&+ /ill1 ) its boil] full ( /eam4 ,a valve is op5$1 & out ru%es ! /eam1 spread+ itself1 & turn+ into a cl\d ( fog4 ,x is ?is try+ to spread itself t makes ! /eam s p[]ful4 ,if ! valve 7 n op5$ ! boil] might explode2 =1 z ! /eam is n us$ z x is :ile ! locomotive is go+1 !re w\ld be m & m ( x 9 ! boil]1 = x is mak+ all ! "t4 ,! =ce ) :i* x ru%es out :5 ! valve is op5$ %[s h[ mu* p[] x ex]ts 9 try+ to spread itself4 ,sid5ote3 ,:at makes ! lid ( a tea-kettle rattle4 ,y see ! same ?+ 9 ! rattl+ ( ! lid ( a tea-kettle :5 ! wat] is boil+ 9 x4 ,! /eam :i* is made has n room 9 ! kettle to spread itself4 ,x gets out1 !re=e1 :]ev] x c4 ,x bl[s out at ! nose2 & if ! wat] boils v briskly1 x c n get out fa/ en\gh at ! nose1 & s x keeps lift+ ! lid & puff+ out !re4 ,sid5ote3 ,bur/+ ( boil]s4 ,:5 ! /eam is %ut up v tightly1 z x is 9 ! boil] ( a /eam-eng9e1 x has v great p[]1 & ! m /eam !re is ?us %ut up ! great] is ! p[]4 ,m5 are sometimes c>eless ab\t ?is1 & get s mu* /eam made 9 ! boil] t x bur/s4 ,?is is j z ! roa/$ *e/nut is bur/ by ! /eam & heat$ air t are 9 x4 ,! boil] be>s ! pressure ( ! /eam z long z x c4 ,?is pressure is made by ! /eam's try+ to spread itself1 or by its expansive =ce1 z x is express$4 ,aft] a :ile1 ! /eam be+ made all ! "t1 & be+ cr[d$ toge!r1 z we may say1 ! boil] all at once gives way ) a l\d noise4 ,! noise is caus$ 9 ! same way z ! pop ( ! roa/$ *e/nut4 ,x is ! sudd5 %ak+ t ! escap+ /eam gives to ! air4 ,sid5ote3 ,safety valves4 ,!re is always a safety-valve to a /eam-eng9e4 ,?is is commonly kept %ut by a weight :i* is ^u x4 ,b :5 !re comes to be a great deal ( /eam 9 ! boil]1 x has expansive p[] en\gh to raise ! valve1 & s "s ( ! /eam escapes4 ,?is prev5ts ! boil] f bur/+1 & h5ce ! valve is call$ a safety-valve4 ,n[1 if !re happ5 to be a weak place 9 ! boil]1 & ! weight on ! valve is heavi] ?an x %\ld be1 ! weak place w be apt to give way r ?an ! valve1 & an explosion results4 ,_m a boil] is bur/ 9 ?is way4 ,sid5ote3 ,/eam comp>$ to p[d]4 ,i h told y ab\t ano!r way 9 :i* boil]s are bur/ 9 ! *apt] on ,p[d]4 ,x is ?is4 ,! boil] is c>elessly left to get ne>ly empty1 & ! fire !re=e makes x v hot4 ,!n1 :5 m wat] is let into x1 a great deal ( /eam is made all at once4 ,?is ex]ts its expansive =ce ) su* viol5ce t ! boil] gives way4 ,y c und]/& h[ ?is is if y see a little wat] dropp$ ^u r$-hot iron4 ,a great cl\d ( /eam arises1 spread+ itself 9 ! air1 & y c see t if ?is 7 p5t up x w\ld make a /rong pressure 9 try+ to get free4 ,sid5ote3 ,boy melt+ lead4 ,a boy 0 once mu* surpris$ to see ! melt$ lead :i* he p\r$ into a piece ( eld]1 f :i* he _h scoop$ ! pi?1 ?r[n ) great =ce aga9/ ! ceil+4 ,! reason 01 t ! eld] 0 moi/1 & ! moi/ure inside be+ *ang$ all at once into /eam1 ! expansive =ce ( ! /eam ?rew out ! lead1 j z ! expansive =ce ( ! gas made all at once f p[d] ?r[s ! ball out ( a gun4 ,sid5ote3 ,explosion ( a f\ndry4 ,x takes b a little wat] to make a good deal ( /eam1 & ?is expla9s an explosion t once occurr$ 9 a cannon f\ndry 9 ,london4 ,!re happ5$ to be "s wat] 9 "o ( ! m\lds1 &1 !re=e1 :5 ! melt$ metal 0 put into x1 ?is wat] 0 at once made into /eam1 & ?is1 9 try+ to get free1 made su* an explosion z to bl[ up ! :ole f\ndry4 ,p]haps y c h>dly believe t s little wat] c\ld d s mu* :5 turn$ sudd5ly into /eam4 ,b y mu/ rememb] t ! /eam occupies1 if set free1 ab\t #agjj times z mu* room z ! wat] does f :i* x is made4 ,x tries to get ?is room1 & 9 do+ ?is x ex]ts great =ce1 especially if x be made v sudd5ly4 ,sid5ote3 ,h[ ! s\nd ( ! /eam-:i/le is made4 ,y w l to "k h[ ! s\nd ( ! /eam-:i/le is made4 ,9 ! *apt] on ! he>+1 9 ,"p ,second1 ,i told y t s\nd is always caus$ by ! vibration or %ak+ ( some?+4 ,n[ 9 ! /eam-:i/le !re is a sort ( bell-%ap$ ?+ ) a ?9 edge or rim4 ,! /eam1 z x is let out ?r\gh ! :i/le1 /rikes aga9/ ?is rim1 & makes x vibrate1 & s produces ! s\nd4 ,! s\nd is v l\d1 because ! /eam comes out ) great =ce4 ,que/ions4--,9 :at ?ree respects is /eam l air8 ,tell ab\t ! /eam-fog4 ,h[ d we "k t /eam c n be se58 ,:at is said ab\t ! /eam t comes f ! nose ( a tea-kettle8 ,describe h[ /eam is made4 ,9 :at way c y see ! :ole process8 ,:at is said ab\t ! =ce ( /eam8 ,h[ is its =ce %[n 9 ! locomotive :5 x is /opp$ at a /ation8 ,tell ab\t ! rattl+ ( ! lid ( a boil+ tea-kettle4 ,expla9 h[ boil]s are commonly bur/4 ,h[ does ! safety-valve op]ate8 ,h[ is x t ! safety-valve does n always keep boil]s f bur/+8 ,:at o!r way 9 :i* boil]s are bur/ is m5tion$8 ,tell ab\t ! accid5t ) ! melt$ lead4 ,tell ab\t ! bl[+ up ( an iron f\ndry4 ,h[ is ! s\nd ( ! /eam-:i/le made8 ,,*apt] ,,xxvi4 ,,light4 ,z ,i told y ab\t heat1 t we d n "k :at x is1 s1 also1 we d n "k :at light is4 ,b we "k _m ?+s ab\t light1 j z we d ab\t heat4 ,sid5ote3 ,! *ief use ( light4 ,! *ief use ( light is to enable u & diff]5t animals to see4 ,i h told y some?+ ab\t see+ 9 ,"p ,second4 ,x is ! light ent]+ ! eye t makes u see4 ,:5 we see ! sun1 or ! flame ( a c&le1 or a fla% ( lightn+1 ! light :i* is made by ^! diff]5t ?+s goes into ! eye1 & s we see !m4 ,^! ?+s t ,i h m5tion$ make light1 & "s ( ?is light comes directly to our eyes4 ,b we see ?+s t d n make any light4 ,no light is made by ! h\ses1 & trees1 & p]sons1 & _m o!r ?+s t we see ab\t u4 ,h[ is x t we see !m8 ,x is 9 ?is way3 ,! light t %9es on !m b\nds (f f !m & goes into our eyes4 ,?us1 if y see a tree1 ! light /rikes ^u x1 & !n b\nds f x into y\r eyes1 & makes a picture or image !re ( ! tree4 ,:5 ! light b\nds (f 9 ?is way1 x is said to be reflect$4 ,sid5ote3 ,reflection ( light4 ,sid5ote3 ,images ( ?+s 9 ! eye4 ,!re is a great deal ( ?is reflection ( light4 ,x is (t5 reflect$ m ?an once1 sometimes _m times4 ,?us1 if y see a tree 9 a look+-glass1 ! light is reflect$ twice4 ,fir/1 x b\nds (f or is reflect$ f ! tree1 & !n x is reflect$ f ! glass to y\r eyes4 ,s if y look at y\r own face1 ! light fir/ /rikes y\r face1 & is reflect$ f x to ! glass2 & !n x is reflect$ f ! glass to y\r eyes1 & pictures ! image ( y\r face !re4 ,n[ obs]ve t ! light t is reflect$ f y\r face makes an image or picture ( x 9 ! glass4 ,x is precisely su* an image t ! light ent]+ y\r eye makes 9 ! back "p ( x1 on a ?9 %eet or membrane t is !re1 except t x is a mu* small] image4 ,sid5ote3 ,smoo? & r\gh ?+s4 ,e ?+ reflects light1 b "s ?+s reflect x m ?an o!rs4 ,r\gh ?+s d n reflect z mu* z smoo? ?+s4 ,h[ p]fectly ! smoo? wat] ( a pond reflects ! h\ses & trees at its side :5 !re is no w9d6 ,y "k t all poli%$ surfaces %9e4 ,?is is because !y reflect a great deal ( light4 ,sid5ote3 ,moon & />s4 ,x is a reflect$ light t comes to u f ! moon & f "s ( ! />s4 ,! light goes to !m f ! sun1 & !n is reflect$ f !m4 ,!y are said1 !re=e1 to %9e by a borr[$ light4 ,! reason t we c n see ! />s 9 ! daytime is1 t ! light f ! sun is s mu* bright] ?an _! light4 ,! moon %9es s mu* m brightly ?an ! />s1 t we c see x 9 ! daytime :5 x is above ! horizon1 ?\gh ! great] brightness ( ! sun makes x q fa9t4 ,i h told y t light is sometimes reflect$ m ?an twice1 ev5 _m times4 ,:5 y look at a p]son 9 a room into :i* ! sun is n directly %9+1 :]e does ! light by :i* y see him come f8 ,x is n ! light t comes /raight f ! sun1 = ?is is n %9+ ^u him4 ,x is ! light reflect$ f ?+s ar\nd him4 ,?is reflect$ light /rikes ^u him1 & is ?us aga9 reflect$ f him1 & "s ( x ent]s y\r eyes1 enabl+ y to see him4 ,sid5ote3 ,light reflect$ back & =?4 ,light is ?us reflect$ back & =? f "o ?+ to ano!r2 & a great deal ( light is reflect$ f e ?+ all ! "t1 & 9 all directions4 ,suppose a great assembly are all look+ at "o p]son4 ,! light is reflect$ f him1 & goes into a ?\s& eyes at once 9 all p>ts ( ! h\se1 mak+ a picture ( him 9 all ( !m4 ,:at a wond]ful pa9t] light is6 ,h[ _m pictures x is mak+ all ! "t 9 ! eyes ( m5 & animals1 & on mirrors & all smoo? ?+s e :]e6 ,sid5ote3 ,light makes plants & animals gr[4 ,ano!r use ( light is to make plants & animals gr[4 ,i h told y 9 ,"p ,i4 h[ plants turn t[>d ! light1 z if !y lov$ x4 ,x really has a great deal to d ) _! gr[?4 ,?is is v pla9 :5ev] we see a plant t has gr[n 9 ! d>k4 ,x looks pale & sickly4 ,a good deal ( light is ne$$ z really z a free circulation ( air to make plants heal?y & /rong2 & ! same is true ( animals4 ,p t live 9 d>k1 "u-gr\nd rooms 9 cities are injur$ by ! want ( light z well z by ! want ( good air4 ,mo/ ( ! light 9 ! _w comes f ! sun4 ,x comes f !re ) ! heat1 z ,i h be=e told y4 ,!y travel 9 company4 ,x is a v long j\rney4 ,x is _m millions ( miles4 ,! light is a little m ?an eight m9utes com+ f ! sun to ! e>?4 ,sid5ote3 ,light travels fa/] ?an s\nd4 ,light travels v fa/4 ,x travels fa/] ?an s\nd does4 ,y see a man cutt+ wood a consid]able di/ance (f1 & y he> ! s\nd ( ea* bl[ ( 8 axe a little aft] y see x4 ,! reason is t ! light comes f him to y\r eye quick] ?an ! s\nd comes to y\r e>4 ,y see a cannon fir$ at a di/ance2 y fir/ see ! fla%1 & !n aft]w>d he> ! report4 ,! ?und] comes g5]ally "s "t aft] ! fla% t causes x2 t is1 ! light ( ! fla% gets to y\r eye "s "t be=e ! s\nd ( x rea*es y\r e>4 ,by obs]v+1 x has be5 f\nd out j h[ fa/ s\nd & light travel2 & s1 by look+ at a wat* 9 a ?und]-/orm1 we c tell h[ f> (f ! lightn+ is4 ,light1 besides travel+ fa/] ?an s\nd1 c travel a great deal f>!r4 ,lightn+ may be s f> (f t y c n he> ! ?und]4 ,! light rea*es y\r eye1 b ! s\nd dies away be=e x rea*es y\r e>4 ,sid5ote3 ,light ( burn+ sub/ances4 ,mo/ ( our light1 ,i h said1 comes f ! sun2 b mu* light comes f burn+ sub/ances--burn+ wood1 coal1 oil1 tall[1 gas1 c4 ,sid5ote3 ,fire-flies4 ,sid5ote3 ,%9+ fl[]s4 ,sid5ote3 ,light-wood4 ,light is made by "s animals4 ,! gl[-worm gives out a s(t & beautiful light4 ,! fire-fly sp>kles z x flies ab\t 9 ! ev5+4 ,9 ,cuba & 9 ,s\? ,am]ica ladies we> 9 _! hair z ornam5ts1 9 ev5+ p>ties1 "s small insects t give a v brilliant light4 ,sometimes ! sea sp>kles beautifully ) light1 :i* is made by multitudes ( v little animals 9 x4 ,we see ?is light (t5 9 ! wake ( a vessel1 or beh9d ! :eel ( ! /eam]1 or 9 ! wat] t falls f ! lift$ o>4 ,x is :5 ! wat] is di/urb$ 9 "s way t ^! animals make _! light4 ,!re are "s fl[]s 9 v w>m c\ntries t %9e 9 ! night4 ,y h se5 :at is call$ light-wood4 ,?is is decay$ wood1 & x is some?+ 9 ! decay t makes ! light4 ,light is also sometimes giv5 out by animal sub/ances t are decay+4 ,x is mo/ (t5 se5 9 putrid fi%4 ,sid5ote3 ,phosphorus4 ,x is suppos$ t 9 all ^! cases ! light is made by phosphorus1 ! same sub/ance t lights s easily 9 ! ,lucif] mat*4 ,?is curi\s sub/ance is commonly kept 9 wat]4 ,if a /ick ( x be tak5 out ( ! wat] 9 ! ev5+1 x appe>s light$ l a gl[-worm2 & if y rub x ^u any ?+1 ! /reaks ( x w give a brilliant :ite light4 ,sometimes1 on rubb+ a mat*1 if x does n take fire1 y see = a little "t light$ /reaks :]e y rubb$ x4 ,?is is caus$ by ! phosphorus rubb$ (f f ! mat*4 ,:5 ! mat* burns1 y d n see ^! light$ /reaks1 = ! same reason t y d n see ! />s :5 ! sun %9es4 ,que/ions4--,:at is ! *ief use ( light8 ,h[ d we see8 ,h[ d we see ?+s t d n make light8 ,h[ d we see ?+s 9 a mirror8 ,h[ is ! image 9 ! mirror l t 9 ! eye8 ,:at diff]5ce is !re 9 ?+s 9 reflect+ light8 ,:at is said ab\t ! light ( ! moon & ! />s8 ,:y c n we see ! />s 9 ! daytime8 ,:y c we see ! moon 9 ! daytime8 ,:at is m5tion$ :i* %[s t light is (t5 reflect$ _m times be=e x comes into ! eye8 ,tell :at is said ab\t an assembly all look+ at a speak]4 ,:at effect has light ^u plants & animals8 ,:at is said ab\t liv+ 9 d>k rooms8 ,h[ long is light 9 com+ f ! sun8 ,give "s examples :i* %[ t x travels fa/] ?an s\nd4 ,c s\nd g z f> z light8 ,f :at besides ! sun does light come8 ,tell ab\t ! fire-flies--! sp>kl+ t we (t5 see 9 ! sea--light-wood4 ,:at is said ab\t phosphorus8 ,,*apt] ,,xxvii4 ,,color4 ,sid5ote3 ,:y ! sun's light is :ite4 ,sid5ote3 ,made up ( sev5 colors1 z ,newton %[$4 ,! light t comes f ! sun is1 y "k1 a :ite light4 ,n[ 9 ?is :ite light are ! diff]5t colors ( ! ra9b[4 ,inde$1 x is ^! colors mix$ toge!r t make ! :ite color ( ! sun's light4 ,?is 0 prov$ by ,sir ,isaac ,newton 9 ?is way3 ,he _h a hole 9 a %utt] ?r\gh :i* he let a v little ( ! sun's light into a d>k room4 ,he _h a scre5 = x to /rike ^u1 & on ?is x made a bright :ite spot4 ,he !n let x %9e ?r\gh a ?ree-corn]$ piece ( glass1 call$ a prism4 ,?is turn$ ! ray ( light out ( its way1 & made x %9e ^u ano!r "p ( ! scre52 &1 besides ?is1 ! spot ( light on ! scre51 in/ead ( be+ r\nd1 z x 0 be=e1 0 n[ l5g!n$ out1 & _h sev5 diff]5t colors 9 x4 ,illu/ration ,all ?is is repres5t$ on ?is figure4 ,at ,o is ! hole 9 ! %utt]1 & m is a mirror by :i* a little ( ! bright sunlight is ?r[n into ?is hole4 ,)\t ! prism x w\ld g /raight to ! scre51 ,s r1 & make a r\nd :ite spot :]e ! ^w :ite is4 ,b ) ! prism1 ,p1 ! beam ( light is turn$ out ( its /raight pa?1 & is divid$ into ! diff]5t colors z m>k$ 9 ! figure4 ,! reason t ^! colors are se5 s di/9ct f ea* o!r is1 t !y are b5t out ( _! way 9 diff]5t degrees--! orange a little m ?an ! r$1 ! yell[ a little m ?an ! orange1 & s on1 ! violet be+ mo/ b5t ( all4 ,y see ?is repres5t$ on ! figure4 ,sid5ote3 ,colors 9 ice4 ,?is & v>i\s o!r exp]im5ts1 tri$ by ,newton & o!rs1 %[ t ! :ite light ( ! sun is n a simple ?+4 ,x c be cut up1 z we may say1 into diff]5t p>ts4 ,! glass prism does ?is4 ,y h (t5 se5 x done )\t ?9k+ mu* ab\t x4 ,y h se5 x done by ice4 ,:5 !re has be5 a ra91 & ! ra91 z x fell1 froze ^u ! bran*es ( ! trees1 & ! w9d & ! sun h toge!r brok5 ! ice on ! trees1 & /rew$ ! gr\nd ) x1 y h se5 ^! pieces ( ! ice brilliant ) all ! colors into :i* !y h divid$ ! bright light ( ! sun4 ,x seem$ z if ! gr\nd 0 cov]$ ) gems ( e hue2 & z y look$ up into ! tree1 x seem$ to y t e twig also 0 /rung ) gems4 ,sid5ote3 ,! ra9b[4 ,sid5ote3 ,colors 9 dew-drops4 ,y see ! same ?+ 9 ! ra9b[4 ,! :ite light ( ! sun is sep>at$ by ! drops ( ra9 into its diff]5t colors j z is done by ! glass prism1 & ?us ! b[ is made4 ,exactly h[ ?is is done y are n old en\gh yet to und]/&4 ,:at y see 9 ! ra9b[ & 9 ! scatt]$ pieces ( ice y c also sometimes see 9 ! dew-drops 9 ! morn+4 ,!y sp>kle ) all ! diff]5t colors4 ,! grass seems to be fill$ ) gems ( e v>iety4 ,! drops ( dew d ?is by divid+ up ! sunlight1 z ! drops ( ra9 d :5 ! ra9b[ is made4 ,sid5ote3 ,black no color4 ,n[ see h[ x is t diff]5t ?+s h diff]5t colors4 ,:5 a ?+ is :ite x is because all ! diff]5t p>ts or colors ( ! light are reflect$ f x to our eyes4 ,on ! o!r h&1 :5 a ?+ is p]fectly black1 x is because none ( ! colors are reflect$4 ,black is1 !n1 no color at all1 :ile 9 :ite all ! colors are mix$ toge!r4 ,sid5ote3 ,newton's exp]im5ts ) a :eel & ) p[d]s4 ,newton prov$ t :ite is a mixture ( all colors 9 a v pretty way4 ,he made a :eel1 on ! edge ( :i* he pa9t$ all ! sev5 colors4 ,:5 he :irl$ x r\nd v fa/ inde$ he c\ld n see ! colors sep>ate f ea* o!r4 ,! colors all w5t to 8 eye mix$ up toge!r1 & be+ mix$1 !y made a :ite color1 j z !y d 9 a beam ( light4 ,! rim ( ! :eel !n look$ to him z if x 0 :ite4 ,he prov$ ! same ?+ 9 ano!r way4 ,he took p[d]s ( ^! sev5 diff]5t colors1 & gr\nd !m toge!r v f9ely4 ,! colors all disappe>$4 ,! mix$ p[d] 0 almo/ :ite4 ,x w\ld h be5 entirely :ite if he c\ld h mix$ ! p[d]s z ?or\ghly z ! colors are mix$ by ! ,creator 9 ! light ( ! sun4 ,b ,i h n yet told y h[ "o ?+ looks gre51 ano!r yell[1 ano!r blue1 etc4 ,i h only told y :y "o ?+ is black & ano!r :ite4 ,:5 a ?+ looks blue1 x is because none b ! blue "p ( ! light is reflect$ to y\r eye4 ,all ! re/ ( ! colors /op "r !re 9 ! ?+4 ,!y d n b\nd (f f x z ! blue does4 ,s1 :5 a ?+ is gre51 ! gre5 "p ( ! light is reflect$ to y\r eye4 ,:5 a ?+ is orange color1 ! orange "p ( ! light is reflect$1 & s on4 ,sid5ote3 ,:y ?+s h diff]5t colors expla9$4 ,if y h pieces ( glass1 & let ! light come ?r\gh !m1 y see ! same ?+ 9 ano!r way4 ,light com+ ?r\gh blue glass comes to y\r eye blue1 because all ! o!r colors /op 9 ! glass1 :ile ! blue passes on2 & light com+ ?r\gh gre5 glass is gre5 = ! same reason4 ,n[ :at is done ) ! colors t /ay 9 ?+s t !y come to we d n "k4 ,if a ?+ looks blue1 only "o color out ( ! :ole sev5 9 ! light is ?r[n (f f x4 ,! o!r six colors1 r$1 orange1 yell[1 gre51 indigo1 & violet1 /op "r !re 9 ! ?+4 ,:at x does ) !m is a my/]y4 ,x puts !m out ( sight 9 "s way1 & s5ds only "o ( ! sev5 colors to our eyes4 ,que/ions4--,:at makes ! color ( ! sun's light :ite8 ,h[ _m colors are !re 9 a ray ( ! sun8 ,m5tion ,sir ,isaac ,newton's exp]im5t4 ,tell :at is repres5t$ by ! figure4 ,:at does ! glass prism d to ! light8 ,tell ab\t ! colors ( ! scatt]$ ice4 ,h[ is ! ra9b[ =m$8 ,tell ab\t ! colors 9 ! dew4 ,:5 is a ?+ :ite8 ,:5 is a ?+ black8 ,tell ab\t ,newton's pa9t$ :eel4 ,tell ab\t 8 mixture ( p[d]s4 ,expla9 h[ x is t "o ?+ is blue1 ano!r gre51 ano!r yell[1 etc4 ,h[ is x :5 light comes ?r\gh ?+s1 z color$ pieces ( glass8 ,:at is said ab\t ! p>ts ( ! light t are n reflect$ by ?+s t we see8 ,,*apt] ,,xxviii4 ,,m ,,ab\t ,,color4 ,sid5ote3 ,h[ color is made4 ,y see t ! color ( a ?+ is n a "p ( ! ?+ itself4 ,x is some?+ :i* ! ?+ ?r[s (f or lets pass ?r\gh x4 ,! color ( a ?+ dep5ds ^u :at a ?+ w d to ! light :5 ! light comes to x4 ,x has no color 9 ! d>k4 ,its color is made out ( ! light t %9es on x4 ,sid5ote3 ,color n a fix$ ?+ %[n 9 v>i\s ways4 ,color is some?+ t is made e mom5t4 ,! color t y see n[ 9 any ?+ is made n[1 out ( ! light t is %9+4 ,if a piece ( clo? looks blue to y1 x makes ! blue color out ( ! light :ile y are look+ at x4 ,! dy] did n really make ! color4 ,! dye t he put x into alt]$ ! clo? s t x w\ld make a blue color g to y\r eye f ! light t comes to ! clo?4 ,y h se5 *angeable silk4 ,"h ! colors *ange z ! silk is mov$4 ,! reason is t1 z ! light /rikes x 9 diff]5t ways1 diff]5t p>ts ( ! light are reflect$ f x1 & come to our eyes4 ,= ! same reason1 z ! hang+ prisms ( a *&eli] or a gir&ole move1 y see ! colors 9 !m *ange4 ,s :5 ! w9d moves ! tree cov]$ ) ice1 or bl[s along ! little pieces scatt]$ on ! gr\nd1 y see ! same play ( colors4 ,!re is ano!r fact :i* %[s t color is n a fix$ ?+4 ,x *anges ) diff]5t k9ds ( light4 ,! light ( a lamp or ( a fire is n exactly l ! light ( ! sun4 ,x is n s :ite1 & s we v (t5 f9d t a ?+ :i* we h look$ at 9 ! ev5+ has q a diff]5t color :5 we come to see x by ! sunlight4 ,a piece ( clo? t looks :ite by c&lelight may look q yell[ ! next morn+ by ! light ( day4 ,sid5ote3 ,v>iety ( colors 9 fl[]s4 ,i h told y 9 ,"p ,fir/ ab\t ! great v>iety ( colors 9 fl[]s4 ,all ^! colors are made out ( ! same light4 ,if a fl[] is yell[1 x is because ! yell[ "p ( ! light is s5t to our eyes1 :ile ! fl[]1 z we may say1 keeps ! o!r six colors to itself4 ,"s fl[]s are m yell[ ?an o!rs4 ,! reason is t !y reflect m ( ! yell[ "p ( ! light4 ,"s leaves are gre5] ?an o!rs because !y s5d to our eyes m ( ! gre5 "p ( ! light4 ,9 "s fl[]s !re are diff]5t colors close by ea* o!r4 ,9 ! iris y h ! blue & ! yell[4 ,"h "o "p ( ! fl[] s5ds to y\r eye ! blue "p ( ! light1 & ano!r ! yell[ "p4 ,9 "s fl[]s y see :ite close by o!r colors4 ,?us "o k9d ( poppy is :ite except by ! edges1 :i* look z if !y _h be5 dipp$ 9 a r$ dye4 ,h[ s+ul> x is t1 :ile "s p>ts ( ! fl[] are fitt$ to s5d to y\r eye "o color alone1 ! o!r p>ts s5d all ! sev5 colors mix$ toge!r s z to make a :ite color6 ,sid5ote3 ,%ad+ (f ( colors4 ,look1 too1 at ! gradation ( colors4 ,?is is v beautiful 9 "s fl[]s4 ,9 "s roses y see ! r$ color %ade (f into :ite4 ,y look at "o ( its leaves1 & see a "p ( x t is q r$1 & z y\r eye goes f ?is "p1 ! r$ is less & less deep1 till at ! v edge x is all gone4 ,n[ rememb] t ! m ( ! r$ "p ( ! light is reflect$1 & ! less !re is ( ! o!r p>ts1 ! great] is ! r$ness1 & see h[ wond]ful all ?is is4 ,h[ nicely mu/ ! fl[] be made 9 ord] to give ?is %ad+ (f6 ,9 ! v r$ "p a great deal ( ! r$ color is s5t to our eyes1 & none ( ! o!r colors4 ,!n f ! "p close by x a little less ( ! r$ is s5t1 & a little ( ! o!r colors mix$ toge!r is also s5t2 & s on1 a little less & a little less ( ! r$1 & a little m & a little m ( ! o!rs1 till at ! edge all ! colors are reflect$ s z to make x look :ite4 ,sid5ote3 ,9 :at s5se colors are said to come f ! sap4 ,9 ,"p ,fir/ ,i told y t ! colors ( fl[]s are made out ( ! sap1 & n[ 9 ?is *apt] ,i h told y t ! colors are really made f ! light4 ,x may seem to y t bo? ( ^! ?+s c n be true2 b :ile ! colors are made f ! light1 9 "o s5se !y may also be said to be made f ! sap4 ,! fl[]s are s made out ( ! sap t !y reflect ! "r colors f ! light t comes to !m4 ,?us a blue fl[] is s made z to reflect ! blue "p ( ! light4 ,x is j z blue clo? is fitt$ by ! dye t x is put into to reflect blue2 & z we say t ! dy] makes ! clo? blue by 8 dye1 s we say t ! fl[] is made blue f ! sap4 ,sid5ote3 ,colors ( leaves 9 autumn4 ,i h told y 9 ,"p ,fir/ ab\t ! *ange ( color 9 ! leaves 9 ! autumn4 ,all ! summ] ! leaves s5d ! gre5 "p ( ! light to y\r eyes2 b :5 autumn comes !re is "s *ange made 9 !m1 s t "s k9ds ( leaves reflect ! r$ "p ( ! light1 "s ! yell[1 "s ! orange1 etc4 ,i h told y ab\t ! great v>iety ( colors 9 ! plumage ( birds & 9 ! cov]+s ( insects4 ,?is v>iety is all ow+ to ! diff]5t ways 9 :i* ! light is reflect$4 ,"s reflect "o ( ! sev5 colors ( ! light1 & o!rs "s o!r color4 ,"s t reflect all ! colors ( ! light are :ite1 z ! swan2 & "s t reflect none ( !m look black1 z ! cr[4 ,sid5ote3 ,colors ( cl\ds4 ,"s ( ! mo/ spl5did displays ( colors t c be witness$ we occasionally see 9 ! cl\ds at morn+ or ev5+4 ,n[ all ?is is caus$ by no?+ b sunlight & wat]1 = y "k t ! cl\ds are made up ( wat] 9 ! %ape ( fog4 ,! light1 z we may say1 pa9ts ^! gorge\s colors ^u ! drops ( wat] z !y hang 9 ! air4 ,! reason t we see ^! displays ( colors 9 ! cl\ds only at morn+ & ev5+ is1 t ! light f ! sun /rikes !m 9 ! "r way !n4 ,x /rikes !m 9 su* a way t "s ( ! colors are reflect$ to our eyes1 :ile o!rs are n4 ,! mo/ common color reflect$ to our eyes by ! cl\ds is r$4 ,sid5ote3 ,play ( colors 9 *angeable silks1 ice1 c4 ,sid5ote3 ,:5 & h[ ! ra9b[ is =m$4 ,y c see 9 o!r ?+s t ! color ( a ?+ dep5ds on ! way 9 :i* ! light /rikes x1 & is reflect$ to y\r eyes4 ,y see ?is 9 ! *angeable silk4 ,z y move x1 ! light /rikes x diff]5tly1 & s diff]5t colors are reflect$ to y\r eyes4 ,:5 y see ! ice scatt]$ on ! gr\nd f ! trees 9 w9t]1 %9+ 9 ! bright sun1 y see 9 "o direction all ! colors ( ! ra9b[ sp>kl+ f ! millions ( pieces ( ice2 b if y look 9 ! opposite direction y see none ( ^! colors1 b ! ice looks :ite4 ,:y is ?is8 ,x is because ! light on "o side ( y /rikes ! ice & is reflect$ diff]5tly f :at x is on ! o!r side4 ,& y "k t x is n aft] e ?und]-%[] t y see a ra9b[4 ,! light mu/ /rike ! ra91 & be reflect$ to y\r eyes 9 a p>ticul> way1 9 ord] to let y see ! light divid$ up 9 ! ra9 into its sev5 colors 9 ! b[4 ,y nev] see a ra9b[ if ! ra9 is 9 ! same direction ) ! sun4 ,if ! sun is 9 ! we/1 ! ra9 mu/ be 9 ! ea/ to h ! b[ =m2 s t y are betwe5 ! sun & ! ra91 ) y\r back to ! sun1 z y see ! b[4 ,sometimes a ra9b[ is se5 9 ! morn+1 :5 a cl\d comes f ! ea/ & x cle>s (f by ! cl\d's pass+ to ! we/4 ,b ?is seldom happ5s1 & ! ra9b[ is commonly se5 9 ! latt] "p ( ! day1 ! cl\d com+ f ! we/ & pass+ (f to ! ea/4 ,que/ions4--,:at is ! color ( a ?+8 ,does ! dy] make color8 ,:at does he d8 ,:at is said ab\t *angeable silk8 ,m5tion "s o!r ?+s 9 :i* we see ! colors *ange4 ,:at is said ab\t ! *anges ( color 9 diff]5t k9ds ( light8 ,h[ are ! diff]5t colors ( fl[]s made8 ,h[ is x :5 !re are diff]5t colors 9 ! same fl[]8 ,:at is said ab\t ! %ad+ (f ( colors8 ,9 :at s5se are ! colors ( fl[]s made f ! light8 ,& 9 :at s5se are !y made f ! sap8 ,:at is said ab\t ! *ange ( color 9 leaves 9 autumn8 ,:at is said ab\t ! colors ( birds & insects8 ,tell ab\t ! colors ( ! cl\ds4 ,:y d we see !m at morn+ & ev5+8 ,:at is said ab\t ! way 9 :i* light /rikes a ?+ & is reflect$ to our eyes8 ,:]e & 9 :at "p ( ! day d y commonly see ! ra9b[8 ,expla9 ?is4 ,,*apt] ,,xxix4 ,,electricity4 ,sid5ote3 ,lightn+ 9 a cat's back4 ,sid5ote3 ,light+ gas4 ,:5 y see ! lightn+ 9 a ?und]-/orm1 y w\ld ?9k x /range if ,i %\ld tell y t !re is lightn+ 9 e ?+2 b s x is1 z y w see4 ,did y ev] h y\r f+]s t+le1 & he> a snapp+ :5 y /rok$ a cat's back8 ,?is is because y wak$ up1 z we may say1 ! lightn+ 9 h] fur & 9 y\r h& toge!r4 ,!re is lightn+ 9 y z well z 9 ! cat4 ,x only ne$s a little rubb+ to %[ x4 ,i h kn[n p]sons to light ! gas ) ! lightn+ t is 9 !m z readily z y w\ld ) a mat*4 ,!y wake up or excite ! lightn+ by walk+ across ! c>pet1 rubb+ _! feet on x z !y g1 & !n put a f+] to ! op5 gas-burn]4 ,a sp>k ( lightn+ goes to x f ! f+] & lights ! gas4 ,x is 9 v cle> cold wea!r t x is mo/ easy to excite ! lightn+ or electricity t is 9 diff]5t ?+s4 ,x is !n t y c make ! cat's fur snap4 ,!n1 too1 silk ?+s w snap :5 y rub !m or fold !m up4 ,sid5ote3 ,lightn+ is electricity4 ,?\gh x is really lightn+ t is made by rubb+ ?+s1 we d n call x s4 ,we call x electricity4 ,we did n "k t lightn+ & electricity 7 ! same ?+ till ,dr4 ,frankl9 %[$ t !y 74 ,he f\nd x out by an exp]im5t ) a kite1 :i* ,i w relate to y aft] ,i h told y "s o!r ?+s ab\t electricity4 ,y c make electricity m easily by rubb+ "s ?+s ?an by rubb+ o!rs4 ,i h already told y h[ easily x is wak$ up on ! cat's back by /rok+ x4 ,if y rub a /ick ( seal+-wax back & =? rapidly across y\r coat sleeve1 y wake up a good deal ( electricity = s small a ?+4 ,x is %[n 9 ?is way3 ,if y br+ ! seal+-wax ne> "s light ?+ l d[n1 ?is w cl+ to x = a mom5t1 & !n fly (f aga91 z if x did n l ! seal+-wax4 ,x is ! electricity :i* y h excit$ t does ?is4 ,a good deal ( electricity c be made by rubb+ glass4 ,9 ! ma*9e :i* is us$ 9 mak+ electricity = exp]im5ts !re is a l>ge glass cyl9d]1 :i* is turn$ r\nd quickly aga9/ a lea!r rubb] t has a prep>ation ( m]cury on x4 ,sid5ote3 ,description ( an electrical ma*9e4 ,illu/ration ,9 ?is ma*9e1 repres5t$ "h1 a is ! glass cyl9d]1 & b b are ! :eels by :i* x is made to turn r\nd4 ,^! :eels are work$ by ! h&le :i* y see on ! l[] "o4 ,! rubb] is press$ aga9/ ! glass cyl9d] on ! side ( x t y d n see4 ,y c see ! /&>d t holds ! rubb]4 ,at c is a piece ( oil$ silk t is fa/5$ to ! rubb]1 & lies ^u ! glass cyl9d]1 s]v+ to keep x free f du/4 ,at d y see a receiv]1 z x is call$1 :i* receives ! electricity z fa/ z x is produc$4 ,?is is made ( brass1 & has a glass /&>d1 e4 ,n[1 z ! ma*9e is work$1 ! electricity excit$ by ! rubb] & ! glass passes (f cont9ually to ?is receiv]1 & !re x /ays collect$ on ! surface ( x1 = x c n g d[n ! /&>d4 ,:y is ?is8 y w ask4 ,x is because glass1 ?\gh a v good ?+ to make electricity )1 is v sl[ to let ! electricity pass ov] x4 ,i %all tell y m ab\t ?is soon4 ,sid5ote3 ,electricity 9 ! receiv]4 ,well1 "h is ! electricity all ov] ?is receiv]4 ,x /ays !re because x c n get away4 ,x is ready to g :5ev] x c get a *ance4 ,y w\ld f9d ?is out if y %\ld put y\r f+] ne> t knob t y see on ! end ( ! receiv]4 ,almo/ all ( ! electricity 9 ! receiv] w\ld pass ?r\gh y\r f+] into y\r body1 & give y a %ock2 & if !re 0 mu* electricity 9 ! receiv]1 ! %ock w\ld be h>d] ?an y w\ld wi% to be>4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,h[ a p]son c be a receiv]4 ,n[ a p]son c act z a receiv] & be *>g$ ) electricity j z ?is brass receiv] is4 ,x c be done 9 ?is way4 ,! p]son /&s on a /ool1 su* z y see "h4 ,! top ( ?is1 a1 is wood1 & ! legs1 c1 c1 are glass4 ,^! glass legs answ] = him z ! glass /&>d does = ! receiv] ( ! ma*9e4 ,!y prev5t ! electricity t he gets f pass+ (f4 ,if he /ood on ! floor1 x w\ld pass to ! floor z fa/ z x came to him4 ,z he /&s on ?is /ool1 he holds 9 8 h& a *a9 t is fa/5$ to ! knob on ! end ( ! brass receiv]4 ,y c see n[ :at w happ5 :5 ! ma*9e is work$4 ,! electricity t goes f ! glass cyl9d] to ! receiv] does n all /ay !re1 b mo/ ( x goes on ?r\gh ! *a9 to ! p]son on ! /ool4 ,x c n get f him to ! floor1 = ! glass legs prev5t ?is4 ,!re=e1 aft] work+ ! ma*9e "s "t1 he becomes fill$ ) electricity1 j z ! brass receiv] does on its glass /&>d1 & y c receive a %ock f him1 = he is n[ a receiv]4 ,if y put y\r f+] to 8 nose1 or *91 or any o!r "p1 ! electricity w pass to y ) a sp>k1 & w give y a %ock4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,h[ electricity affects ! hair4 ,a curi\s effect is produc$ on ! hair :5 "o is ?us *>g$ ) electricity4 ,! hair /&s out /raight4 ,?is effect is se5 9 a v amus+ way by hav+ a figure ( a head ) hair on x fa/5$ to ! receiv]4 ,! hair w /& out z y see "h4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,bottl+ x up 9 ! ,leyd5 j>4 ,! electricity t is collect$ on ! brass receiv] c be tak5 (f & be bottl$ up1 z we may say1 s z to be conv5i5t = use4 ,?is c be done ) :at is call$ ! ,leyd5 j>1 z repres5t$ "h4 ,?is is a glass j> coat$ inside & out ) t9 foil to )9 a few in*es ( ! top4 ,!n !re is a knob on ! end ( a wire t ext5ds d[n into ! j>4 ,n[ see h[ we d ?is bottl+ up ( ! electricity4 ,! knob ( ! j> is held close to ! knob ( ! receiv] z ! ma*9e is work$4 ,! electricity1 !re=e1 passes to ! knob ( ! j>1 & by ! wire to all ! inside ( ! j> :]e ! t9 foil is4 ,x c n get outside1 because x c n pass ov] or ?r\gh ! glass4 ,s1 !n1 ! electricity is %ut up 9 ! j>1 b x is ready to come out :5 x has a way made = x to come4 ,if ! inside foil & ! outside foil be connect$ toge!r by some?+ t w let ! electricity pass ?r\gh x1 x w come out ( ! j>4 ,y c be t some?+ if y please4 ,if y put "o h& on ! t9 foil on ! outside1 & t\* ! o!r to ! knob on ! end ( ! wire1 ! electricity w come out by ! wire1 & give y a %ock 9 y\r wri/s1 & elb[s1 & *e/4 ,sid5ote3 ,tak+ %ocks f ! j>4 ,a great _m p]sons c take a %ock 9 ?is way at ! same "t4 ,suppose !re are a hundr$ p]sons /&+ 9 a r+ & tak+ hold ( ea* o!r's h&s4 ,let !re be two 9 ?is r+ t d n h hold ( ea* o!r4 ,n[1 if "o ( ^! t\*es ! j> on ! outside1 & ! o!r t\*es ! knob1 ! :ole hundr$ w feel a %ock at ! same "t1 = ! electricity w g ?r\gh !m all ar\nd ! :ole r+ z quick z lightn+1 z we say2 & x is1 9 ?is case1 really s1 = ! electricity is lightn+4 ,& s1 :5 9 ! telegraph ! electricity passes along ! wire1 x takes almo/ no "t = x to g v great di/ances4 ,sid5ote3 ,an electrical batt]y4 ,illu/ration ,sometimes a great deal ( electricity is collect$ 9 a numb] ( ^! j>s1 :i* are connect$ toge!r 9 su* a way t ! electricity c be dis*>g$ f !m all at once4 ,a collection ( j>s ?us connect$1 z repres5t$ "h1 is call$ an electrical batt]y4 ,!re is ne$ ( great c>e 9 exp]im5t+ ) a batt]y2 = if1 :5 ! j>s are well fill$1 !y %\ld all be dis*>g$ into any "o1 he w\ld be kill$ 9 ! same way t "o is :o is /ruck ) lightn+4 ,sid5ote3 ,electrical batt]ies 9 "s animals4 ,y rememb] t ,i told y1 9 ,"p ,second1 ,*apt] ,,xxv41 t !re are "s animals t h electrical ma*9es or batt]ies 9 !m4 ,!re are only a few su* animals1 & !y are great curiosities4 ,!y c fire (f _! batt]ies :5 !y please1 b exactly h[ !y d x we d n "k4 ,^! batt]ies are m nicely & curi\sly made ?an any t man makes1 & h mu* m p[]4 ,!y are s small t x is wond]ful t !y c give su* sev]e %ocks4 ,que/ions4--,:y does ! fur ( a cat sometimes snap :5 x is /rok$8 ,h[ c "s p]sons light ! gas by _! electricity8 ,:5 is ! be/ "t to wake up electricity8 ,:o discov]$ t lightn+ & electricity 7 ! same ?+8 ,:at ?+s w give out electricity easily :5 rubb$8 ,describe ! electrical ma*9e4 ,:y does ! electricity /ay on ! receiv]8 ,:at w happ5 if y put y\r f+] ne> ! knob on ! end ( x8 ,tell h[ a p]son c be made to act z a receiv]4 ,:y c n ! electricity g f him into ! floor8 ,tell ab\t tak+ %ocks f him4 ,:at effect is produc$ on 8 hair8 ,tell h[ electricity c be bottl$ up4 ,h[ c y get x out ( ! bottle aga98 ,tell h[ a great _m p]sons c take a %ock f ! j> at ! same "t4 ,:at is said ab\t ! quickness ) :i* electricity goes8 ,:at is an electrical batt]y8 ,:at is said ab\t electricity 9 "s animals8 ,,*apt] ,,xxx4 ,,m ,,ab\t ,,electricity4 ,electricity passes ?r\gh "s ?+s m easily ?an x does ?r\gh o!rs4 ,^? t x passes ?r\gh easily are said to be good conductors ( electricity4 ,!re are "s ?+s t let s v little pass ?r\gh or ov] !m t !y are call$ non-conductors4 ,su* are glass & silk4 ,! diff]5t metals1 copp]1 silv]1 iron1 etc41 are good conductors4 ,sid5ote3 ,! supports ( lightn+-rods & telegraph wires4 ,y h se5 h[ a lightn+-rod is fa/5$ to a h\se4 ,x re/s aga9/ pieces ( wood4 ,obs]ve :at ! object ( ?is is4 ,iron lets ! electricity or lightn+ pass mu* m easily ?an ! wood does4 ,n[1 if ! rod 0 fa/5$ to ! h\se by iron supports1 ! lightn+1 z x came d[n ! rod1 might g into ! h\se by "s ( ^! supports1 in/ead ( go+ d[n by ! rod into ! gr\nd4 ,! iron is call$ a good conductor1 :ile ! wood is a poor conductor4 ,glass is a poor] conductor /ill4 ,x is s poor a conductor t x is call$ a non-conductor1 z ,i h be=e told y4 ,x is = ?is reason t ! telegraph wires are fa/5$ to glass knobs on ! po/s4 ,! object is to h all ! electricity g along on ! wires1 & n let any ( x escape d[n ! po/s4 ,if a v little ( x %\ld escape d[n ea* po/1 by ! "t x came to ! end ( ! j\rney !re might n be en\gh left to d any good4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,dr4 ,frankl9 exp]im5t+ ) 8 kite4 ,silk1 ,i h told y1 is "o ( ! non-conductors4 ,dr4 ,frankl9 made use ( silk 9 ! exp]im5t by :i* he discov]$ t lightn+ & electricity are ! same ?+4 ,he manag$ 9 ?is way3 ,he made 8 kite ( a l>ge silk h&k]*ief in/ead ( pap]4 ,he _h on x a po9t$ iron wire1 & ! /r+ ( ! kite 0 fa/5$ to ?is wire4 ,?is kite he s5t up 9 a ?und]-/orm1 :5 !re 0 a pl5ty ( electricity 9 ! cl\ds4 ,! iron wire w\ld ( c\rse receive "s ( ! electricity1 & x w\ld n g f ! wire to ! kite1 because t 0 made ( silk1 :i*1 y "k1 is a non-conductor4 ,x w\ld g d[n ! /r+1 ?is be+ ti$ to ! wire4 ,pass+ d[n ! /r+1 x w\ld g to ,dr4 ,frankl9's h&1 & d[n 8 body into ! e>?4 ,x w\ld d ?is sil5tly1 because x w\ld keep go+ a little at a "t all ! :ile4 ,b he manag$ to prev5t ! electricity f com+ to 8 h&4 ,he /opp$ x on ! way4 ,he did ?is by ty+ a silk ribbon to ! hemp /r+1 & hold+ ! kite by ?is ribbon1 z y see 9 ! picture4 ,! electricity c\ld n g ?r\gh ?is silk1 & s x /aid 9 ! hemp /r+4 ,sid5ote3 ,h[ ,dr4 ,frankl9 drew ! lightn+ d[n f ! cl\ds4 ,dr4 ,frankl9 n[ fa/5$ a key to ! end ( ! hemp /r+4 ,a great deal ( ! electricity n[ pass$ to ! key1 because ! metal ( :i* ! key 0 made 0 s good a conductor4 ,x 0 a mu* bett] conductor ?an ! /r+1 & s ! electricity1 z we may say1 spread all ov] x4 ,x 0 a real receiv] ( ! electricity1 l ! brass receiv] ( ! electrical ma*9e4 ,accord+ly1 :5 ,frankl9 put 8 knuckle ne> ! key1 he receiv$ a %ock f x1 j z "o does f ! knob ( ! brass receiv]4 ,aft] a little "t x began to ra91 & !n ! %ocks 7 h>d]4 ,! reason 01 t ! /r+1 :5 wet1 0 a bett] conductor ?an :5 dry1 & s ! electricity came on x fa/] to ! key4 ,9 ?is way ,dr4 ,frankl9 drew ! lightn+ d[n f ! cl\ds 9 s small a quantity t he c\ld f9d out :at x 04 ,he f\nd t x 0 j ! same z ! electricity t we make by ! electrical ma*9e1 & he c\ld bottle x up 9 ! same way t we d ! electricity f ! brass receiv]4 ,?is he c\ld d by hold+ ! ,leyd5 j> ) its brass knob to ! key4 ,! electricity w\ld g into x j z x does f ! receiv] :5 we are work+ ! ma*9e4 ,sid5ote3 ,:at ,frankl9 prov$4 ,be=e ,frankl9 tri$ ?is exp]im5t ) 8 kite x 0 suppos$ t ! lightn+ 0 electricity1 b x 0 only supposition4 ,no "o knew t x 0 s4 ,x 0 nev] prov$ till ,frankl9 s5t up 8 silk kite to f9d out ab\t x4 ,x 0 suppos$ t lightn+ 0 electricity simply because ! effects ( lightn+ 7 simil> to ! effects ( ! electricity ( ! ma*9e :5 a great deal ( ?is electricity 0 made4 ,exp]im5ts 7 tri$ :i* %[$ t ! ma*9e electricity1 :5 !re 0 en\gh ( x1 tore ?+s to pieces1 & kill$ animals1 j z lightn+ does2 b ! difficulty 0 t no "o _h ev] se5 :at a little ( ! lightn+ w\ld d4 ,?is ,frankl9 f\nd out by br++ "s ( x d[n out ( ! cl\ds by ! /r+ ( 8 kite1 & bottl+ x up = use 9 ! ,leyd5 j>4 ,be=e 8 exp]im5ts no?+ 0 kn[n ab\t lightn+ except z x 0 se5 9 l>ge quantities go+ f cl\d to cl\d1 or com+ d[n to ! e>? & %iv]+ a tree1 or pl[+ up ! gr\nd1 or p]haps kill+ "s animal or "s man4 ,no?+ 0 kn[n ( x 9 a small way until ,frankl9 %[$ u s mu* ab\t x by 8 exp]im5ts4 ,sid5ote3 ,sugge/$ ! use ( lightn+-rods4 ,sid5ote3 ,lightn+-rods protect 9 two ways4 ,x 0 ^! exp]im5ts ( ,dr4 ,frankl9 t sugge/$ ! use ( lightn+-rods4 ,^! rods protect h\ses 9 two ways4 ,"o way is ?is3 ,if ! lightn+ comes d[n directly t[>d a h\se 9 a consid]able quantity1 in/ead ( /rik+ ! h\se1 x w g d[n ! rod into ! gr\nd4 ,ano!r way 9 :i* ! rod af=ds protection is ?is3 ,sometimes ! lightn+ or electricity goes d[n ! rod f ! cl\ds above 9 a cont9ual /ream ( v small quantity1 j z x w5t d[n ! /r+ ( ,frankl9's kite4 ,a cl\d ) a great deal ( electricity 9 x (t5 has x dis*>g$ 9 ?is quiet way4 ,sid5ote3 ,use ( ! po9ts on !m4 ,y "k t !re are po9ts on ! ends ( lightn+-rods4 ,^! are to receive ! electricity4 ,x w g to !m bett] ?an x w\ld to a blunt rod4 ,we "k t ?is is s 9 work+ ! electrical ma*9e describ$ on page #ade4 ,in/ead ( hav+ simply ! blunt end ( ! receiv] ne> ! rubb]1 !re are po9ts on t end ( x to receive ! electricity z fa/ z x is made4 ,que/ions4--,:at ?+s are call$ good conductors ( electricity8 ,:at are call$ non-conductors8 ,:y are lightn+-rods support$ aga9/ a build+ by pieces ( wood8 ,:y are telegraph wires fa/5$ to glass knobs on ! po/s8 ,h[ did ,frankl9 make 8 kite8 ,:y did he make x ( silk in/ead ( pap]8 ,h[ did he prev5t ! electricity t came d[n ! /r+ f go+ ?r\gh him into ! gr\nd8 ,:y 0 ! key s good a receiv] ( electricity8 ,tell ab\t 8 tak+ %ocks f x4 ,:y 7 ! %ocks /rong] aft] x began to ra98 ,h[ did he bottle up ! electricity t he ?us drew f ! cl\ds8 ,:y 0 x suppos$ be=e 8 exp]im5t t electricity & lightn+ 7 ! same ?+8 ,:y 0 x n kn[n to be s8 ,9 :at two ways d lightn+-rods protect h\ses8 ,:y are lightn+-rods po9t$8 ,,*apt] ,,xxxi4 ,,magnetism4 ,sid5ote3 ,! load/one4 ,9 "s p>ts ( ! _w a k9d ( iron ore is f\nd :i* is call$ load/one4 ,x has a peculi> p[]4 ,x attracts iron v /rongly4 ,hold x close to "s iron fil+s1 & !y w cl+ to x 9 q a clu/] z y raise x up2 s1 also1 y c take up ) x a great _m ne$les1 & if x be a l>ge piece ( ! ore1 x w hold up a v heavy weight4 ,?is p[d] :i* ! load/one has we call magnetism4 ,n[ ?is p[] 9 ! load/one c be communicat$ to iron & /eel4 ,if a load/one be mov$ along 9 a p>ticul> way on a piece ( iron or /eel sev]al times1 ! iron or /eel w receive ?is p[]1 & w act z a magnet1 j z ! load/one does4 ,common iron w n keep ! p[] long1 b /eel w4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,h[ common magnets are made4 ,mo/ ( ! magnets t we see are n real load/one1 b !y are /eel t has be5 magnetiz$ by ! load/one4 ,!y are commonly made 9 a horse-%oe %ape1 z repres5t$ "h4 ,!y w hold up a consid]able weight ( iron1 & sometimes tw5ty-eight times _! own weight2 & x is curi\s t a magnet :i* holds a weight all ! "t w h its p[] increas$4 ,!re is no tir+ out ( its p[]2 &1 on ! contr>y1 if y give a magnet no?+ to d1 its p[] w gr[ weak--x w n be able to hold up s mu* weight z x did at fir/4 ,x is = ?is reason t magnets are nev] left )\t a weight hang+ to !m4 ,sid5ote3 ,toy fi%es & ducks mov$ by a magnet4 ,y h p]haps (t5 be5 amus$ 9 mak+ toy fi%es or ducks swim ab\t 9 ! wat] ) a little magnet4 ,y h se5 h[ readily !y foll[ ! magnet1 & h[ quickly !y spr+ =w>d to hold on to x1 if y happ5 to put x v ne> !m4 ,?is is because ea* has a little piece ( /eel 9 its m\? :i* is attract$ by ! magnet4 ,sid5ote3 ,/rang5ess ( ! magnetic p[]4 ,h[ v /range ?is p[] ( ! magnet is6 ,x is n any ?+ t y c see1 & yet !re ! p[] is4 ,y see :at x does4 ,?is unse5 p[] 9 ! magnet takes hold ( ?+s & draws !m to x1 z our h&1 t we see1 takes hold ( ?+s & draws !m to u4 ,h[ x does ?is we d n und]/&4 ,?is p[] does n seem to d mu* at any di/ance f ! magnet4 ,if y hold y\r little magnet q away f ! toy duck or fi%1 x w n make x move2 b br+ x ne>1 & n[ y see x foll[s ! magnet all ab\t2 & if y br+ x v ne>1 ! little ?+1 z quick z a w9k1 d>ts =w>d & cl+s to ! magnet v firmly4 ,s1 too1 if y br+ an iron weight sl[ly ne>] & ne>] to a l>ge magnet1 !re does n seem to be any influ5ce f ! magnet ^u x till y br+ x v ne>1 & !n all at once away goes ! weight out ( y\r h& to cl+ to ! magnet4 ,x is z if ! magnet _h v %ort h&s t c\ld n rea* f>2 b s f> z !y d rea*1 !y are v /rong & hold fa/4 ,:5ev] y get a *ance to see a magnet ( consid]able size1 y c try ?is exp]im5t4 ,sid5ote3 ,! m>9]'s compass4 ,sid5ote3 ,h[ to make "o 9 a simple way4 ,y h he>d ( ! m>9]'s compass1 b p]haps x has nev] be5 expla9$ to y4 ,!re is a sl5d] piece ( /eel 9 ?is compass :i* always po9ts to ! nor?4 ,x is balanc$ on a pivot1 s t x c move ar\nd easily to ! "o side or ! o!r4 ,h[ev] mu* x is jo/l$1 h[ev] mu* y may turn ! box ( ! compass r\nd1 ?is ne$le is always trembl+ly b surely po9t+ "o way4 ,?is ne$le is a magnetiz$ piece ( /eel4 ,we may consid] ! :ole e>?1 ) all its load/one & iron1 z a great magnet1 & x is ! influ5ce ( ! e>? ^u ! magnetic ne$le t makes x always po9t to ! nor?4 ,y c at any "t make a m>9]'s compass 9 a v simple way4 ,all t y ne$ is a magnetiz$ ne$le1 a piece ( cork1 & a b[l ( wat]4 ,put ! cork 9 ! wat]1 & lay ! ne$le across x1 & ! ne$le w po9t nor? & s\?4 ,y see h[ ?is is4 ,! cork moves s readily 9 ! wat] t ! ne$le 9 gett+ "r c turn x z is ne$$4 ,x w turn almo/ z easily z ! ne$le does on its pivot 9 ! compasses t are made4 ,sid5ote3 ,/4 ,paul's voyage4 ,! m>9]'s compass1 y c see1 mu/ be ( great use to ! m>9]4 ,:5 he is f> out at sea1 :]e no l& c be se51 he always kn[s by ?is :i* way nor? is1 & s he judges h[ to direct 8 vessel 9 ord] to rea* ! desir$ port4 ,if x 7 always sun%9e1 he w\ld d v well )\t ! compass1 = he c\ld tell by ! sun :i* way 0 nor?1 & s\?1 & ea/1 & we/2 b 9 /ormy wea!r & 9 ! night he w\ld be at a loss4 ,at su* times1 by look+ at 8 ev] fai?ful compass1 he kn[s 9 :at direction to /e] 8 vessel4 ,y rememb] ab\t ! voyage & %ipwreck ( ! apo/le ,paul1 relat$ 9 ! #bg? *apt] ( ,acts4 ,no?+ 0 kn[n ab\t ! m>9]'s compass !n4 ,s 8:5 nei!r sun nor />s 9 _m days appe>$10 !y did n "k all ?is "t :]e ! w9d 0 c>ry+ !m4 ,p]haps if !y _h _h a compass on bo>d !y c\ld h kept ! %ip f go+ a%ore & be+ da%$ to pieces4 ,sid5ote3 ,electricity & magnetism 9 ! telegraph4 ,magnetism (t5 has a great deal to d ) electricity1 & "s p]sons suppose !m to be ! same ?+4 ,electricity may wake up ! magnetic p[] to ev5 a wond]ful degree4 ,9 ,morse's telegraph !re are bo? electrical ma*9]y & magnetic ma*9]y4 ,! electricity t comes ov] ! wires excites ! magnetic ma*9]y1 & x is ?is magnetism t deliv]s ! message s5t by ! electricity4 ,j h[ ?is op]ates y c und]/& bett] :5 y are a little old]4 ,que/ions4--,:at is load/one8 ,:at peculi> p[] has x8 ,to :at c x communicate ?is p[]8 ,:at are ! magnets 9 common use8 ,:y is a weight always kept hang+ to a magnet8 ,tell ab\t ! toy fi%es & ducks4 ,:at is said ab\t ! /rang5ess ( ! magnetic p[]8 ,does x d mu* at any di/ance f ! magnet8 ,give ! illu/rations4 ,:at is ! m>9]'s compass8 ,h[ c y make "o8 ,:at makes ! ne$le always po9t to ! nor?8 ,h[ is ! m>9]'s compass ( use at sea8 ,tell ab\t ,/4 ,paul's %ipwreck4 ,:at effect does electricity (t5 produce ^u magnetism8 ,h[ is x 9 ,morse's telegraph8 ,,*apt] ,,xxxii4 ,,gravitation4 ,if ,i %\ld ask y :y ?+s 9 ! air fall to ! gr\nd1 y w\ld probably say x is because x is d[nw>d1 & e ?+ mu/ come d[n t is n held up 9 "s way4 ,b :at is d[n1 & :at is up8 ,?is ,i w expla9 to y4 ,sid5ote3 ,h[ x is kn[n t ! e>? is r\nd4 ,! e>?1 z p]haps y "k1 is z r\nd z an orange1 & p c travel ar\nd x j z y c pass y\r f+] ar\nd ov] ! orange4 ,?is1 inde$1 0 "o ( ! ways 9 :i* x 0 f\nd to be r\nd4 ,ano!r pro( ( its be+ r\nd is ?is3 ,z y see a %ip g out to sea1 if y wat* x = a long "t1 aft] a :ile ! body ( ! %ip w g out ( sight1 & y w see no?+ b ! sails1 & !n ! sails w gradually g out ( sight also4 ,:at does ?is prove8 ,:y1 t ! wat] is n flat1 z x appe>s to be to u1 b t x makes a "p ( ! r\nd$ surface ( ! e>?4 ,?is figure w make ?is pla9 to y4 ,! eye t is repres5t$ sees ! :ole %ip at b2 b :5 x gets z f> z a1 ! eye c see only ! /ream] at ! top ( ! ma/4 ,illu/ration ,! reason t we d n see t ! e>? is r\nd is t we are s small & ! e>? is s l>ge4 ,we see t a globe is r\nd1 b x probably seems flat to any little fly t lights ^u x1 j z ! e>? does to u4 ,sid5ote3 ,:at is up & :at is d[n4 ,y c see1 !n1 t z ! e>? is r\nd1 :at is d[n to p on ! o!r side ( ! e>? is up to u4 ,if a boy !re ?r[ up a ball at ! same "t t y ?r[ up "o "h1 ! two balls fall t[>d ea* o!r :5 !y come to ! gr\nd4 ,sid5ote3 ,figure illu/rat+ ?is4 ,:at we call d[n1 !n1 is simply t[>d ! gr\nd1 or1 r1 x is t[>d ! middle ( ! e>?1 = we say d[n 9 a well or d[n 9 ! gr\nd4 ,inde$1 if any ?+ c\ld keep on 9 ! same l9e 9 :i* x falls1 x w\ld g "r to ! c5tre ( ! e>?4 ,if ! ball :i* y ?r[ up & ! ball ?r[n up by a boy on ! o!r side ( ! e>? %\ld keep on 9 ! gr\nd 9 ! same direction t !y fall1 !y w\ld meet exactly at ! e>?'s c5tre4 ,?is is repres5t$ 9 ?is figure4 ,! circle repres5ts ! r\nd e>?4 ,! l9es drawn f ! two fall+ balls to ! middle ( ! circle %[ h[ !y w\ld come toge!r at ! c5tre ( ! e>? if !y c\ld keep on1 in/ead ( be+ /opp$ :5 !y rea* ! gr\nd4 ,& all ! ?+s t are fall+ any :]e on ! e>? are go+ t[>d ! same po9t4 ,illu/ration ,n[ :y is ?is8 ,:at is x t makes ?+s 9 ! air come to ! gr\nd :5 !y are n held up8 ,!y d n come d[n ( !mselves4 ,!y are drawn d[n4 ,! e>? attracts or draws !m4 ,h[ x does ?is we d n "k4 ,we c n see h[ x is done1 b ! e>? does x z really z if we c\ld see x put up a h& & pull ?+s d[n4 ,sid5ote3 ,attraction n a ?+ t we c see4 ,!re are o!r k9ds ( attraction t op]ate 9 a way t we c n see nor und]/&4 ,!re is ! attraction ( magnetism4 ,if1 z ,i h told y 9 ! la/ *apt]1 y br+ a magnet t[>d a piece ( iron or /eel1 = example a ne$le1 :5 y get x q ne>1 all at once ! ne$le w g to ! magnet & /ick to x4 ,y c n see any ?+ betwe5 ! magnet & ! ne$le to draw ! ne$le to x4 ,y only "k t ! ne$le is drawn or attract$1 b y d n "k h[ ?is is done4 ,x is j s ) ?is attraction :i* ! e>? has = all ?+s1 draw+ !m to x4 ,y c n see any ?+ any m ?an y c 9 ! case ( ! magnet & ! ne$le1 b ! attraction is z real z if y c\ld see x4 ,y c see :at x does1 z y c see :at is done by ! attraction ( magnetism4 ,?is attraction is call$ ! attraction ( gravitation4 ,x is /rong] ) "s ?+s ?an x is ) o!rs4 ,:5 any ?+ is drawn /rongly to ! e>?1 we say t x is v heavy2 b :5 a ?+ is n /rongly attract$1 we say t x is light4 ,:5 y take hold ( a /one to raise x up1 y h ?is attraction ( ! e>? act+ aga9/ y4 ,?is is pull+ ! /one d[n :ile y\r muscles are try+ to raise x4 ,if ! /one is v l>ge1 ! e>? attracts x s /rongly t ! =ce ( y\r muscles c n ov]come ! attraction4 ,if ! e>? w\ld only /op pull+ ^u ! /one1 y c\ld raise x easily en\gh4 ,sid5ote3 ,attraction ! cause ( weight4 ,y see1 !n1 :at weight is4 ,x is ! pressure made by a ?+ z ! e>? draws or attracts x to itself4 ,! /rong] ?is attraction is1 ! great] is ! pressure--t is1 ! weight4 ,if y lay a foot-ball ^u y\r foot1 y sc>cely feel ! pressure ( x2 b if y lay a /one ( ! same size ^u y\r foot1 x presses v h>d4 ,! reason is1 t ! /one is drawn t[>d ! e>? mu* m /rongly ?an ! foot-ball4 ,! foot-ball is drawn lightly1 & s presses a little2 b ! /one is drawn mu*1 & s presses a great deal4 ,y\r foot1 be+ betwe5 ! /one & ! e>?1 is press$ by ! /one z ! e>? draws x to itself4 ,x is j z y w\ld be press$ if y 7 betwe5 me & "s "o t ,i 0 draw+ t[>d me4 ,! reason t ! /one is attract$ m /rongly1 or has m weight1 ?an ! foot-ball is1 t !re is m sub/ance to x--t is1 ! p>ticles 9 x are clos] toge!r4 ,s lead or iron is heavi] ?an wood1 because ! wood is mu* m por\s3 y c see pores & spaces 9 x1 :ile y c n 9 ! lead & iron4 ,y rememb] :at ,i told y ab\t ! hot-air balloon4 ,?is has n z mu* weight z x w\ld h if x 7 full ( cold air4 ,! reason is1 t ! p>ticles ( cold air are clos] toge!r ?an ! p>ticles ( hot air2 =1 y "k1 heat swells air--t is1 x puts its p>ticles f>!r ap>t4 ,if y drop a bag ( fea!rs1 x falls to ! gr\nd because ! e>? attracts x4 ,if1 n[1 y drop a /one ^u ?is bag1 x s9ks d[n 9 ! mid/ ( x1 because ! e>? attracts x mu* m /rongly ?an x does ! loose fea!rs4 ,x is = ! same reason t a /one s9ks 9 wat]4 ,! e>? attracts ! /one m ?an x does ! wat]4 ,sid5ote3 ,:y light ?+s rise 9 ! air & 9 ! wat]4 ,wood w n s9k 9 wat] z ! /one does1 = x is n drawn d[n to ! e>? z h>d z ! wat] is2 b wood w fall ?r\gh air to ! gr\nd1 because ! wood is attract$ by ! e>? m /rongly ?an ! air is4 ,if y put a block ( wood d[n 9 ! wat]1 & !n let x g1 x rises to ! surface4 ,:y is ?is8 ,x is because ! wat]1 be+ m /rongly drawn d[n by ! e>? ?an ! wood1 pu%es ! wood up out ( ! way4 ,x is = ! same reason t ! balloon fill$ ) hot air or ) light gas rises4 ,x is n attract$ to ! e>? z mu* z ! cool air ar\nd x is1 & s x is pu%$ up out ( ! way4 ,e ?+1 y see1 !n1 is attract$ by ! e>?4 ,! air itself is kept close to ! e>? by ?is attraction4 ,x makes a sea1 z we may say1 all ar\nd ! e>? ab\t =ty-five miles deep4 ,beyond t !re is no air except ar\nd "s ( ! o!r worlds t we see f> (f 9 ! sky4 ,n[ ! air w\ld fly (f & spread e :]e among ! />s if ! e>? did n attract x & ?us keep x ar\nd itself4 ,! air moves ab\t freely l ! wat]1 b x c n fly away f ! e>? any m ?an ! wat] c4 ,! e>? keeps bo? its air & wat] all to itself by attraction4 ,sid5ote3 ,e ?+ tries to get z close to ! e>? z possible4 ,e ?+ gets z close to ! e>? z x c1 because e ?+ is attract$ by ! e>?4 ,!re is no?+ t is ( itself dispos$ to g up1 b e ?+1 ev5 ! air1 is press+ d[n1 ! heavie/ always gett+ ! l[e/ if x c1 & !re is sometimes a sort ( /rife z to :i* %all be l[e/4 ,:5 a /one is put ^u a heap ( fea!rs1 ! e>? pulls ^u x s mu* h>d] ?an x does on ! fea!rs t ! /one presses to get ?r\gh !m to ! e>?2 b z x c n ?ru/ !m out ( ! way1 x cru%es !m d[n 9 ! /ruggle to get bel[ !m4 ,! /ruggle is a diff]5t "o ) ! /one 9 wat]4 ,! wat] cl+s to ! e>?1 b x is easily pu%$ away by ! /one z x tries to get bel[ ! wat]4 ,ev5 9 ! go+ up ( a balloon y c see ! same /ruggle4 ,x w\ld /ay d[n if x c\ld4 ,x goes up1 z ,i h be=e told y1 simply because ! cold air ab\t x1 be+ m /rongly attract$ by ! e>? ?an ! balloon is1 tries to get bel[ ! balloon4 ,if ! cold air c\ld be tak5 away1 ! balloon w\ld /ay d[n1 = ! same reason t a block ( wood w\ld rema9 9 ! bottom ( a b[l if !re 7 no wat] 9 x4 ,! block1 attract$ by ! e>?1 w /ay z ne> ! e>? z x c4 ,! wat] pu%es x up because x is attract$ by ! e>? m ?an ! block is1 & = ! same reason ! air pu%es up ! balloon4 ,que/ions4--,:at is ! common idea ab\t ! fall+ ( ?+s to ! gr\nd8 ,:at is "o ( ! pro(s t ! e>? is r\nd8 ,:at is ano!r pro(8 ,:y c n we see t ! e>? is r\nd8 ,:at is meant by d[n & up8 ,tell :at is repres5t$ by ! figure4 ,:at is x t makes ?+s fall to ! gr\nd8 ,give ! comp>ison ab\t ! attraction ( magnetism4 ,:at is said ab\t ! e>?'s attract+ "s ?+s m /rongly ?an o!rs8 ,:at is weight8 ,expla9 by tell+ ab\t ! foot-ball & ! /one4 ,:y is ! /one attract$ m /rongly ?an ! foot-ball8 ,:y are lead & iron heavi] ?an wood8 ,:y is a hot-air balloon light] ?an ! air ar\nd x8 ,tell ab\t ! fea!rs & ! /one4 ,:y w n wood s9k 9 wat] z /one does8 ,give ! comp>ison betwe5 ! block ( wood & ! balloon4 ,:at is said ab\t ! e>?'s attract+ ! air8 ,is !re any ?+ t does n press d[n8 ,:i* always gets ! l[e/ if x c8 ,tell ab\t ! /one put on ! fea!rs & dropp$ 9 ! wat]4 ,give ! comp>ison betwe5 ! balloon & ! block ( wood 9 a b[l4 ,,*apt] ,,xxxiii4 ,,! ,,motion ,,( ,,! ,,e>?4 ,sid5ote3 ,:y a ball ?r[n up comes d[n4 ,:5 a boy ?r[s a ball up into ! air1 he ?9ks t x comes d[n ( itself4 ,he ?9ks t x comes d[n m]ely because ! =ce ) :i* he s5t x up is sp5t or lo/2 b ?is is n s4 ,x is pull$ d[n4 ,! e>? pulls x d[n4 ,! e>? is pull+ ^u x all ! "t z x goes up1 & gradually ov]comes ! =ce ) :i* he ?rew x up4 ,!re is ano!r ?+ t helps to ov]come ! =ce by :i* ! ball is s5t up4 ,x is ! resi/ance ( ! air4 ,z ! ball goes up1 x has to sp5d a "p ( its =ce 9 pu%+ ! air away to make a pa? = itself4 ,^! two ?+s--! pull+ ( ! e>? & ! resi/ance ( ! air--gradually /op ! go+ up ( ! ball4 ,if !re 0 no air1 & if ! e>? w\ld let ! ball g1 in/ead ( draw+ ^u x1 x w\ld n come d[n4 ,x w\ld fly (f out ( sight2 & m ?an t1 x w\ld nev] /op till some?+ /opp$ x4 ,x c\ld nev] /op ( itself4 ,?is1 p]haps1 seems /range to y2 b look at x4 ,a ball1 y "k1 has no p[]4 ,x lies /ill if y d n t\* x4 ,x c n move itself1 &1 = ! same reason1 x c n /op itself4 ,once set x ago+1 & x w\ld move on =ev] if x 0 n /opp$ by some?+4 ,sid5ote3 ,matt] c n move itself or /op itself4 ,?is is true ( all matt] t is n alive4 ,y c set y\rself 9 motion1 & /op y\rself1 = y are alive2 b common dead matt] c d nei!r4 ,x moves because x is mov$1 & x /ops because x is /opp$ by some?+4 ,sid5ote3 ,h[ fa/ ! e>? moves4 ,n[ ! e>? is a ball t is always mov+4 ,x nev] /ops = an in/ant1 b is all ! "t roll+ on ar\nd & ar\nd ! sun4 ,god a long "t ago set x ago+1 & x nev] has be5 /ill s9ce4 ,x takes a ye> = x to g r\nd ! sun2 & h[ fa/ d y ?9k x goes8 ,ab\t #fh1jjj miles an h\r--t is1 ov] a ?\s& miles e m9ute4 ,?is is two ?\s& times z fa/ z ! c>s g :5 !y are go+ v fa/ inde$4 ,:at a ride we are tak+ on ?is r\nd ball ( e>?6 ,sid5ote3 ,:y x does n seem to u to move4 ,b y w ask :y x is t we d n feel any ?+ ( ?is motion1 or "k some?+ ab\t x1 j z we d ab\t ! motion ( travel+4 ,! reason ( ?is is v easily se54 ,j obs]ve h[ x is t y "k ab\t ! motion 9 travel+4 ,y see trees1 h\ses1 f5ces1 etc41 z y pass by !m4 ,y feel ! air z y g ?r\gh x4 ,if ! motion is unev51 y feel x4 ,x is by ^! ?+s t y "k t y are mov+ along4 ,b z we are c>ri$ along on ! e>? z x goes ar\nd ! sun1 !re are none ( ^! ?+s to let u "k t we are mov+4 ,e ?+ goes along ) u--trees1 h\ses1 f5ces1 & e ?+ else4 ,we d n g ?r\gh ! air1 b ! air goes along ) u4 ,!n1 too1 ! motion is v ev54 ,! e>? is n jo/l$ & j>r$ 9 its c\rse4 ,sometimes1 :5 y are rid+ 9 ! c>s1 y h>dly seem to move at all1 ?\gh y may be really go+ v fa/4 ,! reason ( ?is is pla94 ,fir/1 ! motion is v ev52 !n ! air t is 9 ! c> goes along ) y1 ?\gh ! air t is outside does n2 & ! p 9 ! c> t y are look+ at are go+ along ) y also4 ,sid5ote3 ,illu/rations f ! motion ( c>s 9 travel+4 ,b ! mom5t y look out ( ! c> w9d[ y "k t ! c>s are go+ q rapidly1 because y see t y are go+ s fa/ by ! trees & h\ses4 ,s1 too1 if ! c>s come to a place :]e ! rails are n s ev51 ! irregul> motion lets y "k t y are go+ fa/4 ,sometimes1 :5 y seem to be go+ along q mod]ately1 because ! rails are s ev5 & ! road is s /raight1 all at once y seem to be twit*$ along ) a v sudd51 quick />t4 ,x seems to y z if ! c>s sudd5ly w5t a great deal fa/]1 b x is n s4 ,! c>s are really mov+ no fa/] ?an be=e4 ,a turn 9 ! road makes x seem s1 because x makes ! motion irregul> in/ead ( ev54 ,n[1 if ! motion ( ! c>s 7 p]fectly ev51 & y did n look out1 y w\ld n "k t !y 7 mov+ at all4 ,j s x is ) ! e>?4 ,its motion is s ev5 t we d n feel t x moves at all1 ?\gh x is c>ry+ u two ?\s& times z fa/ z ! c>s c>ry u :5 !y are go+ ?irty-f\r miles 9 an h\r4 ,x is true t we look away f ! e>? z we are rid+ along on x j z we look out ( ! c>s2 b ! sun1 & moon1 & />s t we see are s f> (f t we c n tell by look+ at !m t ! e>? is mov+4 ,x seems to u to be /&+ /ill4 ,= ! same reason1 ! c>s d n seem to be mov+ if y look at ?+s a great way (f1 in/ead ( ^? t are ne> by4 ,sid5ote3 ,mi/akes ab\t ! e>?'s motion4 ,a great _m mi/akes h be5 made ab\t ! motion ( ! e>?1 = ?+s are n always z !y appe> to be4 ,x seems to u z if ! e>? did n move at all2 :ile ! sun1 & moon1 & />s seem to move1 because !y are n always 9 ! same direction f u4 ,we look "o way = !m at "o "t1 & ano!r way at ano!r "t4 ,n[ !y d move1 b n 9 ! way t !y appe> to u4 ,! sun seems to rise1 & g up & up1 & !n g d[n 9 ! we/4 ,b ?is is n s4 ,?is is all ow+ to a motion ( ! e>? t ,i h n yet told y ab\t4 ,z ! e>? goes r\nd ! sun1 x also turns e day ar\nd on itself4 ,x is ?is motion t makes day & night = u4 ,z ! e>? ?us rolls ov]1 :]e ! sun %9es ^u x x is day1 & :]e x does n %9e ^u x x is night4 ,sid5ote3 ,its two motions illu/rat$4 ,! e>?1 !n1 has two motions4 ,fir/1 x goes r\nd ! sun4 ,?is1 z ,i h told y1 takes a ye>2 b 9 e tw5ty-f\r h\rs x turns ov] also4 ,?is is its second motion4 ,x p]=ms ?is #cfe times :ile x is do+ ! fir/ motion once4 ,^! two motions c be made pla9 to y ) a c&le & "s r\nd ?+1 z an orange4 ,let ! c&le repres5t ! sun4 ,c>ry ! orange ar\nd x 9 a circle1 & ?is w repres5t ! e>? go+ r\nd ! sun4 ,n[1 by turn+ ! orange s t ! c&le w %9e ^u "o "p ( x1 & !n ^u ano!r1 & s on all ar\nd x1 y w see h[ ! second motion ( ! e>? is done1 & h[ night & day are made4 ,any ?+ t y d n q und]/& ab\t ?is y\r tea*] w expla9 to y4 ,sid5ote3 ,leap-ye> expla9$4 ,! e>?1 ,i h told y1 turns ar\nd on itself #cfe times 9 a ye>4 ,b !re is "o ?+ ab\t ?is t ,i mu/ m5tion to y4 ,x takes ab\t six h\rs ov] ! #cfe days = ! e>? to g r\nd ! sun4 ,n[ :at is done ) ?is six h\rs 9 reckon+ ! ye>8 ,x is manag$ 9 ?is way4 ,x is a qu>t] "p ( tw5ty-f\r h\rs1 or a day1 & s1 to make ! reckon+ come "r1 a day is add$ e f\r? ye>4 ,x is add$ to ! mon? ( ,febru>y4 ,e f\r? ye> ?is mon? has tw5ty-n9e days in/ead ( tw5ty-eight1 & ! ye> is call$ leap ye>4 ,sid5ote3 ,idea ( a boy4 ,sid5ote3 ,galileo4 ,a/ronom]s h discov]$ a great _m ?+s ab\t ! %ape & ! motions ( ! e>?4 ,be=e ^! 7 und]/ood1 p suppos$ t ! e>? 0 /ill1 & 0 flat in/ead ( r\nd1 & t ! sun really rose 9 ! ea/ & set 9 ! we/2 & x seems s to e body n[ t has n le>n$ :at ! a/ronom]s h discov]$4 ,a bright little boy said to a lady :o 0 tea*+ him ab\t ! e>?1 ,y don't mean to say t ! _w is r\nd8 ,i "k t x isn't4 ,i c see t x is flat ) my own eyes4 ,%e assur$ him t ! e>? 0 r\nd1 b he c\ld n believe x1 & repli$1 ,well1 ,i %all ask my fa!r1 = g5tlem5 commonly "k m ab\t su* ?+s ?an ladies d4 ,y w ?9k x /range :5 ,i tell y t1 a little m ?an two hundr$ ye>s ago1 p g5]ally believ$ z ?is little boy did1 & t !y put a le>n$ man1 nam$ ,galileo1 into prison because he said t ! e>? 0 r\nd1 & t x w5t ar\nd ! sun4 ,sid5ote3 ,:y we see only a "p ( ! moon mo/ ( ! "t4 ,illu/ration ,y w want to "k some?+ ab\t ! motion ( ! moon4 ,z ! e>? goes r\nd ! sun1 s ! moon moves ar\nd ! e>?4 ,x takes a little less ?an a mon? = x to get r\nd ! e>?1 & x goes ar\nd x ab\t ?irte5 times a ye>4 ,z ,i h told y 9 ano!r *apt]1 ! silv]y light :i* ! moon %$s ^u u is ! light ( ! sun reflect$ by ! moon4 ,:y x is t only a "p ( ! moon %9es ^u u mu* ( ! "t1 ,i w expla9 to y4 ,:5 !re is a new moon1 z x is t]m$1 ! moon is 9 su* a position t we c see only a little ( t "p ( x :i* ! sun %9es ^u4 ,b :5 ! moon is at ! full1 x is 9 su* a position t we see all ( x t is light$ up by ! sun4 ,s :5 ! moon qu>t]s1 z x is express$1 we see b a half ( ! light$ portion1 & s on4 ,all ?is is made pla9 by ?is figure4 ,s is ! sun1 ,e is ! e>?1 & a1 b1 c1 c41 ! moon 9 diff]5t positions4 ,:5 ! moon is at a we c n see any ( x1 because x is betwe5 ! e>? & ! sun4 ,! sun %9es ^u ! half ( ! moon t is t[>d x1 & ?is half is n[ all away f our sight4 ,z x leaves a we see a little ( x1 & a little m e night2 & :5 x gets to b we see a qu>t] ( ! "p :i* ! sun %9es ^u4 ,!n1 :5 x comes to c1 we see half ( x4 ,:5 x is at d we see r m ?an half3 x is !n call$ gibb\s4 ,:5 x is at e we c see ! :ole ( ! light$-up "p1 & s ! moon is full4 ,!n at f x is gibb\s aga91 & at g half moon4 ,sid5ote3 ,eclipse ( ! moon expla9$4 ,illu/ration ,& n[ y w want to "k h[ an eclipse ( ! moon happ5s4 ,?is ,i c make pla9 to y by ?is figure4 ,a ,b is ! sun1 ,c ,d ! e>?1 :i* is small] ?an ! sun1 & ,m ! moon1 :i* is mu* small] ?an ! e>?4 ,n[1 z ! sun %9es ^u ! e>?1 !re is a d>k %ad[ beyond ! e>?1 z repres5t$4 ,:5 ! moon1 !re=e1 happ5s to pass ?r\gh ?is %ad[1 x is 9 ! d>k1 & no "o on ! e>? c see x till x comes out f ! %ad[4 ,:ile x is 9 ! %ad[ !re is an eclipse1 z x is t]m$4 ,que/ions4--,:at two ?+s gradually /op ! go+ up ( a ball 9 ! air8 ,c\ld ! ball /op ( itself8 ,:y c y set y\rself go+ & /op y\rself8 ,h[ is x ) dead matt]8 ,:at is said ab\t ! e>?8 ,h[ fa/ does x move8 ,h[ d y "k ab\t ! motion 9 travel+8 ,:y is x t sometimes1 :5 ! c>s are go+ q fa/1 y sc>cely seem to be mov+ at all8 ,h[ is x if y look out8 ,h[ is x if ! c>s come to a place :]e ! rails are unev51 or :]e !re is a turn 9 ! road8 ,give ! comp>ison ab\t look+ out ( ! c>s & look+ away f ! e>?4 ,tell ab\t ! mi/akes t h be5 made ab\t ! motion ( ! e>?4 ,h[ is x t day & night are made8 ,tell ab\t ! two motions ( ! e>?4 ,describe h[ y w\ld make ^! pla9 ) a c&le & an orange4 ,:y is a day add$ to e f\r? ye>1 mak+ x leap ye>8 ,:at did p suppose ab\t ! e>? & sun be=e a/ronom]s f\nd out s mu* ab\t !m8 ,give ! anecdote ( ! little boy4 ,tell ab\t ,galileo4 ,tell ab\t ! motion ( ! moon4 ,tell ab\t ! new moon & ! full moon4 ,tell ab\t ! eclipse ( ! moon4 ,,*apt] ,,xxxiv4 ,,friction4 ,friction sometimes assi/s motion1 & sometimes less5s or prev5ts x4 ,i w tell y ab\t ?is 9 ?is *apt]4 ,sid5ote3 ,walk+ on ice4 ,:5 "o is walk+ on ice1 he f9ds t he mu/ be c>eful1 & he gets along sl[ly4 ,! reason is t !re is n en\gh rubb+ or friction betwe5 8 feet & ! ice4 ,:5 he walks on ! gr\nd1 ! friction betwe5 8 feet & ! gr\nd keeps him f slipp+1 & he walks along ) p]fect ease4 ,if s& or a%es be ?r[n ^u ! ice1 ! difficulty is remov$1 = ?is makes a friction t keeps him f slipp+4 ,sid5ote3 ,sleigh+4 ,sid5ote3 ,slid+ d[n hill4 ,h[ swiftly ! horse c>ries ! sleigh along on ! trodd5 sn[6 ,x is because !re is s little friction on ! smoo? iron %oes ( ! runn]s2 b let him come to a spot ( b>e gr\nd1 & he has to tug v h>d to draw ! sleigh along1 because !re is s mu* friction4 ,y c n slide d[n hill on y\r sl$ :5 ! gr\nd is b>e1 simply because ! friction is s great2 b y c roll d[n on any ?+ t has :eels1 because !re is less friction ) :eels ?an ) runn]s4 ,9 c>ry+ heavy loads 9 c>ts d[n /eep hills1 !re is a contrivance1 :i* p]haps y h se51 to keep ! c>ts f go+ d[n too fa/4 ,at ! top ( ! hill ! team/] /ops 8 team1 & fa/5s ^u "o ( ! :eels an iron %oe 9 su* a way z to keep ! :eel f turn+ r\nd4 ,! rubb+ ( ?is :eel ) its %oe ^u ! gr\nd makes ! load g d[n sl[ly1 & !re=e safely4 ,sid5ote3 ,driv+-:eels ( ! locomotive4 ,x is ! /eam 9 ! locomotive t makes x g4 ,did y ev] ?9k h[ x does ?is8 ,x is by friction4 ,?is ,i w expla9 to y4 ,y see ! l>ge :eels ( ! locomotive4 ,^! are call$ ! driv+-:eels1 because x is ! :irl+ r\nd ( ^! t makes ! locomotive g4 ,^! :eels are :irl$ ar\nd by ! /eam ma*9]y1 z y c pla9ly see4 ,x is diff]5t ) ! small :eels4 ,!y turn because ! locomotive goes4 ,x is j z ! :eels ( a c>riage turn r\nd :5 ! horse draws x along4 ,s ! l>ge :eels are to ! locomotive :at a horse is to a c>riage1 :ile ! small :eels d z ! common :eels ( a c>riage d4 ,sid5ote3 ,fro/y rails4 ,n[ see h[ x is t ! driv+-:eels c>ry along ! locomotive4 ,!y d x by _! rubb+ on ! rails ( ! road4 ,if ! rails & ! :eels 7 v smoo? inde$1 ! locomotive w\ld n get along s well4 ,we sometimes see ?is 9 a fro/y morn+1 :5 ! rails are v slipp]y4 ,) ! rails s smoo?1 ! :eels slip2 & !y slip back z readily z =w>d1 j z x is ) any "o walk+ on ! ice4 ,!y sometimes ?r[ "s s& on ! rails :5 !y are icy to give ! locomotive a />t1 z p scatt] s& & a%es on icy sidewalks t !y may walk easily on !m4 ,aft] ! :eels ( a locomotive are once well />t$ on ! fro/y rails1 !y w g well en\gh4 ,inde$1 x is sometimes r difficult to /op !m1 because !y slide along s easily1 = ! motion is p>tly slid+ & p>tly roll+ :5 ! rails are s smoo?4 ,x is = ! same reason t "o c n /op easily :5 he is runn+ on ! ice4 ,if he is runn+ on ! gr\nd1 he c /op v readily1 because ! gr\nd is r\gh1 & 8 feet rub ^u x1 & !y d n slip z !y d on ! ice4 ,sid5ote3 ,op]ation ( brakes4 ,! way t brakes1 z !y are call$1 /op a tra9 ( c>s1 ,i w expla9 to y4 ,y "k t ! brakeman on ea* c> turns ar\nd a r+-l ?+ z h>d z he c :5 ! signal is giv5 to /op ! c>s4 ,9 do+ ?is1 he br+s ! brakes aga9/ ! :eels ( ! c>s1 & ! rubb+ soon /ops !m4 ,:5 !y want to /op ! c>s v quickly1 !y d ano!r ?+ besides us+ ! brakes4 ,!y manage to make ! driv+-:eels ( ! locomotive roll backw>d in/ead ( =w>d4 ,9 ?is way ! rubb+ is backw>d on ! rails2 & z long z ! locomotive is go+ =w>d1 ! :eels slide =w>d in/ead ( roll+1 z !y commonly d4 ,sid5ote3 ,oil+ ma*9]y4 ,sid5ote3 ,jo9ts ( our bodies4 ,y see t sometimes we want friction1 & sometimes ! less we h ( x ! bett]4 ,we want ! friction ( ! driv+-:eels ( a locomotive on ! track4 ,b 9 ! middle ( ^! :eels1 :]e !y turn r\nd on _! axles1 we want to h z little friction z possible4 ,x is = ?is reason t all ! :eels ( ! c>s & ( ! locomotive are kept oil$ at ?is "p4 ,s1 also1 we grease ! :eels ( c>riages & oil ! jo9ts ( ma*9]y to less5 ! friction4 ,y w recollect t 9 ! *apt] on ! bones1 9 ,"p ,second1 ,i told y t ! jo9ts ( our bodies are tipp$ ) a v smoo? sub/ance1 & t !y are kept oil$1 s t !re may be little friction 9 _! motions4 ,sid5ote3 ,friction by wat] & air4 ,friction is n conf9$ to solid sub/ances4 ,any sub/ance c make friction4 ,wat] c d x4 ,! rocks ov] :i* x fl[s1 or aga9/ :i* x da%es1 are worn by its con/ant friction1 j z ! con/ant friction ( pass+ feet 9 ! c\rse ( ye>s we>s ! /one /eps ( a build+ :i* is mu* frequ5t$4 ,air1 too1 makes friction4 ,x is by friction t ! air1 mov+ along ov] ! smoo? wat]1 raises x into waves2 & x is ! friction ( ! air1 z x passes ov] a field ( gra91 t gives x ! wavy motion :i* makes x s beautiful4 ,sid5ote3 ,e>? moves r\nd ! sun )\t friction4 ,:]ev] !re is motion on ! e>?1 x is less5$ m or less by friction4 ,no?+ moves )\t rubb+ some?+1 b ?is is n s ) ! e>? z x goes ar\nd ! sun4 ,z x flies ?r\gh space s swiftly1 x rubs aga9/ no?+1 n ev5 aga9/ air1 = ! air1 z ,i h told y1 goes along ) x4 ,que/ions4--,:at does friction d8 ,:at is said ab\t walk+ on ice8 ,:at ab\t sleigh+ & slid+ d[n hill8 ,:at is ! contrivance = mak+ heavily-load$ c>ts g d[n /eep hills safely8 ,h[ does ! /eam make ! locomotive g8 ,:at is ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! driv+-:eels & ! small :eels8 ,:at comp>ison is made ab\t ^! two k9ds ( :eels8 ,h[ d ! driv+-:eels move ! locomotive along8 ,:at is said ab\t ! rails be+ too smoo?8 ,h[ is ! difficulty rem$i$8 ,h[ is x aft] ! locomotive is well ago+ :5 ! rails are slipp]y8 ,:at is ! comp>ison ab\t runn+ on ! ice8 ,h[ d brakes op]ate 9 /opp+ ! c>s8 ,:at else is done :5 !y want to /op ! c>s quickly8 ,:at is said ab\t greas+ & oil+ :eels8 ,:at is said ab\t ! jo9ts ( ma*9]y & ! jo9ts ( our bodies8 ,:at is said ab\t ! friction ( wat] on rocks8 ,:at ab\t ! friction ( air8 ,:at is true ( all motion on ! e>?8 ,:at is said ab\t ! e>? z x goes ar\nd ! sun8 ,,*apt] ,,xxxv4 ,,conclusion4 ,sid5ote3 ,v _m ?+s to be le>n$ 9 ?is _w4 ,i h ?us1 9 ! ,?ree ,p>ts ( ?is book1 describ$ to y "s ( ! wond]ful ?+s t are all ar\nd y ^u ! e>? & 9 ! wat]4 ,b !re are _m m ?+s ?an ,i h describ$4 ,9 ?is book y h only begun to le>n :at is 9 ! _w1 & y c\ld n le>n all if y %\ld /udy all y\r lifetime1 & ev5 if y\r life %\ld be z long z ,me?uselah's 04 ,b ,i hope t y w g on to le>n z mu* z y c4 ,) y\r m9d wide awake1 y w see & he>1 z y g ab\t f day to day1 a great _m int]e/+ ?+s t ,i h n m5tion$4 ,i h told y ab\t _m ?+s 9 plants2 b if y look at diff]5t plants z y meet ) !m1 y w soon see t y c le>n mu* ab\t !m t y c n f9d any :]e 9 ?is book4 ,s1 also1 if y wat* animals1 l>ge & small1 z y see !m1 y w f9d _m m int]e/+ ?+s 9 !m ?an ,i h told y4 ,& ! same is true ( ! subjects ( ! ,?ird ,"p--air1 wat]1 light1 etc4 ,i h only op5$ to y a few ( ! leaves 9 ! ,book ( ,nature1 & y c g on to op5 m ( !m = y\rselves4 ,sid5ote3 ,?9k :ile y look4 ,sid5ote3 ,e fact valuable4 ,to "k mu* ab\t ?+s1 y mu/ n m]ely look at !m4 ,y mu/ exam9e !m--t is1 y mu/ ?9k :ile y look4 ,y mu/ ?9k :at ?is is = & :at t is =4 ,9 ?is way y c f9d out a great deal = y\rselves4 ,y w n m]ely see t :at ,i & o!rs tell y is true1 b y w f9d out ?+s t no "o has told y1 & p]haps "s ?+s t no "o has f\nd out be=e y4 ,newton1 :o f\nd out s _m ?+s t m5 did n be=e "k1 always ?\ght ab\t ?+s z he saw !m2 & s did ,frankl91 :o1 z y rememb]1 discov]$ t lightn+ is electricity4 ,!y began e>ly1 :5 !y 7 *ildr51 to ?9k :ile !y look$4 ,!y _h a habit ( do+ x4 ,if !y _h n1 !y w\ld n h be5 su* discov]]s4 ,?\gh p]haps none ( y may ev] discov] z _m ?+s or z great ?+s z !y did1 any ( y may make "s discov]ies4 ,?\gh y\r discov]ies may be small ones1 !y are n to be despis$4 ,!y w be wor? some?+4 ,e fact t is f\nd out is ( "s value4 ,& if y always ?9k :ile y see & he>1 y may f9d out = y\rselves _m facts1 & "s ( !m may prove to be ( great value4 ,sometimes a fact t w\ld appe> to be ( no value turns out to be wor? a great deal4 ,mo/ p w\ld n ?9k t !re 0 mu* to be le>n$ f a h5's muddy tracks on a pile ( sug>2 b1 z y rememb] ,i told y 9 ,"p ,fir/1 ,*apt] ,,xxix41 "s "o obs]v$ ! fact t ! sug> 0 :it5$ :]ev] ! tracks 71 & ?\ght ab\t ?is fact2 & ! result 0 t moi/5$ clay came to be us$ 9 e sug> ref9]y 9 :it5+ sug>4 ,"o t is 9 ! habit ( ?9k+ :ile he looks w f9d some?+ int]e/+ :]ev] he goes4 ,he w n be oblig$ to g to "s museum to see wond]ful ?+s1 b he w f9d !m all ab\t him4 ,9 ! mo/ common plants & animals1 :i* mo/ p d n ?9k ( mu*1 he w see _m ?+s to int]e/ & a/oni% him2 & to him ! air & ! wat]1 & ev5 ! /ones "u 8 feet1 w be full ( wond]s4 ,sid5ote3 ,mu* to be le>n$ t is n 9 books4 ,y see by :at ,i h said t !re is a great deal to be le>n$ t is n 9 books4 ,inde$1 books w n d y mu* good if !y d n wake up 9 y a disposition to le>n m ?an !y tell y4 ,p t "k mu* are n cont5t ) le>n+ m]ely :at !y f9d 9 books1 b le>n :at !y c f e body & f e ?+4 ,!y use books only z helps1 & ! mo/ ( :at !y "k !y le>n by obs]v+--t is1 see+ & ?9k+ ^u :at !y see4 ,sid5ote3 ,kn[+ ! reasons ( ?+s4 ,x is v pleasant to "k ! reasons ( ?+s4 ,i h !re=e told y 9 ?is book1 z ,i h gone along1 z mu* z ,i c\ld d1 :y ?+s are z ,i h describ$ !m2 b y w rememb] t ,i h n[ & !n said ab\t "s ?+s t y are n old en\gh yet to und]/& !m4 ,z y gr[ old] y c le>n m & m1 & s ! ?+s t y w be int]e/$ 9 w be all ! "t increas+4 ,b1 ?\gh y may keep on le>n+ all y\r lives1 !re are "s ?+s t y nev] c und]/&4 ,god und]/&s ! reasons ( e ?+1 b !re are _m1 v _m ?+s t ! wise/ ( m5 c n expla94 ,sid5ote3 ,:at ,newton said ab\t :at he knew4 ,v wise m5 are n apt to be pr\d ( _! wisdom4 ,!y commonly feel t :at !y "k is v little :5 x is comp>$ ) :at !y d n "k4 ,newton 0 "o ( ! wise/ m5 t ev] liv$4 ,he 0 s wise t he discov]$ m ?+s ?an any o!r man ev] has4 ,b he 0 v humble ab\t 8 k4 ,he said ?is ab\t x3 ,he felt t :at he knew 0 l a few pebbles t he _h pick$ up on ! sea-%ore1 & t !re 0 s mu* ( :at he did n "k t x 0 l ! great ocean t 0 be=e him4 ,sid5ote3 ,our k 9 ano!r _w4 ,y rememb] t ,i told y 9 ,"p ,second t all t we "k we le>n by ! s5ses ( our bodies--! sight1 ! he>+1 etc4 ,b ! glorifi$ bodies :i* ! ,bible says t we %all h 9 ano!r life w be fitt$ ) bett] means ( gett+ k4 ,"s ?+s t are my/]i\s to u n[ we %all !n und]/&4 ,we %all "k m ?an ,newton & all ! wise m5 ( ?is _w ev] knew "h1 & we %all ev] be le>n+ m & m ( ! wond]s ( ,god's p[]1 & wisdom1 & goodness4 ,que/ions4--,:at is said ab\t le>n+ all t is 9 ! _w8 ,h[ c y le>n ab\t ?+s = y\rselves8 ,:at is said ab\t ,newton & ,frankl98 ,c y make "s discov]ies8 ,:at is said ab\t ! value ( facts8 ,:at ab\t f9d+ wond]s all ar\nd u8 ,h[ c books help y to le>n m ?an is 9 !m8 ,:at is said ab\t und]/&+ ! reasons ( ?+s8 ,:at is said ab\t ! feel+s ( v wise m58 ,tell :at ,newton said ab\t 8 k4 ,:at is said ab\t our gett+ k 9 ano!r _w8 ,,! ,,end4