,,grounds ,,of ,,natural ,,philosophy   
,,divided ,,into  ,,thirteen ,,parts    
,,with ,,an  ,,appendix  ,,containing   
,,five ,,parts  ,the ,second ,edition1  
much altered from the ,first1  which    
went under the ,name of  ,,philosophical
  ,,and  ,,physical ,,opinions  ,written
 by the  ,thrice ,noble1 ,illustrious1  
and ,excellent ,princess1  ,,the        
,,duchess of ,,newcastle  ,,london1     
,printed by ,a4 ,maxwell1 in the ,year  
#affh4     ,to all the ,,universities   
,,in ,,europe4  ,most ,learned          
,societies1  ,all ,books1 without       
exception1 being undoubtedly under your 
,iurisdiction1 it is very strange that  
some ,authors of good note1 are not     
asham'd to repine at it2 and the more   
forward they are in judging others1 the 
less liberty they will allow to be      
judg'd themselves4 ,but1 if there was   
not a necessity1 yet ,i would make it my
 choice1 ,to submit1 willingly1 to your 
,censures1 these ,grounds of ,natural   
,philosophy1 in hopes that you will not 

condemn them1 because they want ,art1 if
 they be found fraught with ,sense and  
,reason4 ,you are the ,starrs of the    
,first ,magnitude1 whose ,influence     
governs the ,world of ,learning2 and it 
is my confidence1 ,that you will be     
propitious to the ,birth of this beloved
 ,child of my ,brain1 whom ,i take the  
boldness to recommend to your           
,patronage2 and as1 if you vouchsafe to 
look on it favourably1 ,i shall be      
extreamly obliged to your ,goodness1 for
 its everlasting ,life3 ,so1 if you     
resolve to ,frown upon it1 ,i beg the   
favour1 ,that it be not buried in the   
hard and ,rocky ,grave of your          
,displeasure2 but be suffer'd1 by your  
gentle silence1 to lye still in the soft
 and easie ,bed of ,oblivion1 which is  
incomparably the less ,punishment of the
 ,two4 ,it is so commonly the error of  
indulgent ,parents1 to spoil their      
,children out of ,fondness1 that ,i may 
be forgiven for spoiling ,this1 in never
 putting it to suck at the ,breast of   

some ,learned ,nurse1 whom ,i might have
 got from among your ,students1 to have 
assisted me2 but would1 obstinately1    
suckle it my self1 and bring it up      
alone1 without the help of any ,scholar3
 ,which having caused in the ,first     
,edition1 7which was published under the
 name of ,philosophical and ,physical   
,opinions7 many ,imperfections2 ,i have 
endeavoured in this ,second1 by many    
,alterations and ,additions1 7which have
 forc'd me to give it another ,name7 to 
correct them2 whereby1 ,i fear1 my      
,faults are rather changed and          
encreased1 than amended4 ,if you expect 
fair ,proportions in the ,parts1 and a  
,beautiful ,symmetry in the ,whole1     
having never been taught at all1 and    
having read but little2 ,i acknowledg my
 self too illiterate to afford it1 and  
too impatient to labour much for        
,method4  ,but1 if you will be contented
 with pure ,wit1 and the ,effects of    
meer ,contemplation2 ,i hope1 that      
somewhat of that kind may be found in   

this ,book1 and in my other             
,philosophical1 ,poetical1 and          
,oratorical ,works3 ,all which ,i leave1
 and this especially1 to your kind      
,protection1 and am1  ,your most humble 
,servant1 and ,admirer1  ,,margaret     
,,newcastle4     ,a ,,table of the      
,,contents4   ,the ,first ,part4  ,i4   
,of ,matter  ,,ii4 ,of ,motion  ,,iii4  
,of the ,degrees of ,matter  ,,iv4 ,of  
,vacuum  ,v4 ,the difference of the two 
,self-moving ,parts of ,matter  ,,vi4   
,of dividing and uniting of ,parts      
,,vii4 ,of ,life and ,knowledg  ,,viii4 
,of ,nature's ,knowledg1 and ,perception
  ,,ix4 ,of ,perception in general  ,x4 
,of double ,perception  ,,xi4 ,whether  
the ,triumphant ,parts can be perceived 
distinctly from each other  ,,xii4      
,whether ,nature can know her self1 or  
have an absolute ,power of her self1 or 
have an exact ,figure  ,,xiii4 ,nature  
cannot judg herself  ,,xiv4 ,nature     
poyses or balances her ,actions  ,,xv4  
,whether there be degrees of ,corporal  

,strength  ,,xvi4 ,of ,effects and      
,cause  ,,xvii4 ,of ,influence  ,,xviii4
 ,of ,fortune and ,chance  ,,xix4 ,of   
,time and ,eternity   ,the ,second      
,part4  ,i4 ,of ,creatures  ,,ii4 ,of   
,knowledg and ,perception of different  
kinds and sorts of ,creatures  ,,iii4   
,of ,perception of ,parts1 and united   
,perception  ,,iv4 ,whether the         
,rational and ,sensitive ,parts1 have a 
,perception of each other  ,v4 ,of      
,thoughts1 and the whole ,mind of a     
,creature  ,,vi4 ,whether the ,mind of  
one ,creature1 can perceive the ,mind of
 another ,creature  ,,vii4 ,of          
,perception1 and ,conception  ,,viii4   
,of ,human ,supposition  ,,ix4 ,of      
,information between several ,creatures 
,x4 ,the reason of several kinds and    
sorts of ,creatures  ,,xi4 ,of the      
several ,properties of several kinds and
 sorts of ,creatures   ,the ,third      
,part4  ,chap4 #a4 to #g4 ,of           
,productions in general  ,,viii4        
,productions must partake of some parts 

of their ,producers  ,,ix4 ,of          
,resemblances of several ,off-springs1  
or ,producers  ,x4 ,of the several      
appearances of the ,exterior parts of   
one ,creature   ,the ,fourth ,part4  ,i4
 ,of ,animal ,productions1 and of the   
difference between ,productions and     
,transformations  ,,ii4 ,of different   
,figurative ,motions in ,man's          
production  ,,iii4 ,of the ,quickning of
 a ,child1 or any other sort of ,animal 
,creatures  ,,iv4 ,of the ,birth of a   
,child  ,v4 ,of ,mischances1 or         
,miscarriages of ,breeding-,creatures   
,,vi4 ,of the encrease of ,growth and   
,strength of ,mankind1 or such like     
,creatures  ,,vii4 ,of the several      
properties of the several exterior      
shapes of several sorts of ,animals     
,,viii4 ,of the ,dividing and ,uniting  
parts of a particular ,creature   ,the  
,fifth ,part4  ,i4 ,of ,man  ,,ii4 ,of  
the variety of ,man's ,natural ,motions 
,,iii4 ,of ,man's ,shape and ,speech    
,,iv4 ,of the several ,figurative ,parts

 of human ,creatures  ,v4 ,of the       
several perceptions amongst the several 
parts of ,man  ,,vi4 ,of divided and    
composed ,perceptions  ,,vii4 ,of the   
ignorances of the several perceptive    
,organs  ,,viii4 ,of the particular and 
general perceptions of the exterior     
parts of human ,creatures  ,,ix4 ,of the
 exterior ,sensitive ,organs of human   
,creatures  ,x4 ,of the ,rational parts 
of the human ,organs  ,,xi4 ,of the     
difference between the human            
,conception1 and ,perception  ,,xii4 ,of
 the several varieties of ,actions of   
human ,creatures  ,,xiii4 ,of the manner
 of information between the ,rational   
and ,sensitive parts  ,,xiv4 ,of        
irregularities and regularities of the  
,restoring-parts of human ,creatures    
,,xv4 ,of the agreeing and disagreeing  
of the ,sensitive and ,rational parts of
 human ,creatures  ,,xvi4 ,of the power 
of the ,rational2 or rather1 of the     
indulgency of the ,sensitive  ,,xvii4   
,of human ,appetites and ,passions      

,,xviii4 ,of the ,rational actions of   
the ,head and ,heart of human ,creatures
  ,,xix4 ,of ,passions and ,imaginations
  ,,xx4 ,that ,associations1 ,divisions1
 and ,alterations1 cause several        
,effects  ,,xxi4 ,of the differences    
between ,self-love1 and ,passionate love
   ,the ,sixth ,part4  ,i4 ,of the      
,motions of some parts of the ,mind1 and
 of ,forrein ,objects  ,,ii4 ,of the    
,motions of some parts of the ,mind     
,,iii4 ,of the ,motions of human        
,passions and ,appetites2 as also1 of   
the ,motions of the ,rational and       
,sensitive parts1 towards ,forrein      
,objects  ,,iv4 ,of the ,repetitions of 
the ,sensitive and ,rational actions    
,v4 ,of the passionate ,love1 and       
sympathetical ,endeavours1 amongst the  
,associate parts of a human ,creature   
,,vi4 ,of ,acquaintance  ,,vii4 ,of the 
,effects of ,forrein ,objects of the    
,sensitive ,body2 and of the ,rational  
,mind of a human ,creature  ,,viii4 ,of 
the advantage and disadvantage of the   

,encounters of several ,creatures  ,,ix4
 ,that all human ,creatures have the    
like kind and sorts of properties  ,x4  
,of the singularity of the ,sensitive1  
and of the ,rational ,corporeal ,motions
  ,,xi4 ,of the ,knowledg between the   
,sensitive ,organs of a human ,creature 
,,xii4 ,of human perception1 or defects 
of a human ,creature  ,,xiii4 ,of       
,natural ,fools   ,the ,seventh ,part4  
,i4 ,of the ,sensitive actions of       
,sleeping and ,waking  ,,ii4 ,of        
,sleeping  ,,iii4 ,of human ,dreams     
,,iv4 ,of the actions of ,dreams  ,v4   
,whether the interior parts of a human  
,creature1 do sleep  ,,vi4 ,whether all 
the ,creatures in ,nature1 have sleeping
 and waking-actions  ,,vii4 ,of human   
,death  ,,viii4 ,of the ,heat of human  
,life1 and the ,cold of human ,death    
,,ix4 ,of the last act of human ,life1  
ibid4  ,x4 ,whether a human ,creature   
hath knowledg in death1 or not  ,,xi4   
,whether a ,creature may be new formed  
after a general dissolution  ,,xii4 ,of 

,foreknowledg   ,the ,eighth ,part4  ,i4
 ,of the irregularity of ,nature's parts
  ,,ii4 ,of the human parts of a human  
,creature  ,,iii4 ,of human ,humors     
,,iv4 ,of ,blood1 ibid4  ,v4 ,of the    
,radical humors1 or parts  ,,vi4 ,of    
expelling malignant disorders in a human
 ,creature  ,,vii4 ,of human ,digestions
 and ,evacuations  ,,viii4 ,of ,diseases
 in general  ,,ix4 ,of the ,fundamental 
,diseases   ,the ,ninth ,part4  ,i4 ,of 
,sickness  ,,ii4 ,of ,pain  ,,iii4 ,of  
,dizziness  ,,iv4 ,of the ,brain seeming
 to turn round in the head  ,v4 ,of     
,weakness  ,,vi4 ,of ,swooning1 ibid4   
,,vii4 ,of ,numb and ,dead ,palsies1 or 
,gangren's  ,,viii4 ,of ,madness  ,,ix4 
,the ,sensitive and ,rational parts may 
be distinctly mad  ,x4 ,the parts of the
 head are not only subject to madness2  
but also1 the other parts of the body   
,,xi4 ,the ,rational and ,sensitive     
parts of a human ,creature1 are apt to  
disturb each other  ,,xii4 ,of ,diseases
 produced by conceit   ,the ,tenth      

,part4  ,i4 ,of ,fevers  ,,ii4 ,of the  
,plague  ,,iii4 ,of the ,small-,pox and 
,measles  ,,iv4 ,of the intermission of 
,fevers1 or ,agues  ,v4 ,of             
,consumptions  ,,vi4 ,of ,dropsies1     
ibid4  ,,vii4 ,of ,sweating  ,,viii4 ,of
 ,coughs  ,,ix4 ,of ,gangren's  ,x4 ,of 
,cancers and ,fistula's  ,,xi4 ,of the  
,gout1 ib4  ,,xii4 ,of the ,stone       
,,xii4 ,of ,apoplexies and ,lethargies  
,,xiii4 ,of ,epilepsies  ,,xiv4 ,of     
,convulsions and ,cramps  ,,xv4 ,of     
,cholicks1 ibid4  ,,xvi4 ,of            
,shaking-,palsies  ,,xvii4 ,of the      
,muther1 ,spleen1 and ,scurvy  ,,xviii4 
,of ,food or ,digestions1 ibid4  ,,xix4 
,of ,surfeits  ,,xx4 ,of natural        
,evacuations and ,purgings  ,,xxi4 ,of  
,purging-,drugs  ,,xxii4 ,of the various
 humors of ,drugs  ,,xxiii4 ,of         
,cordials  ,,xxiv4 ,of the different    
actions of the several ,sensitive ,parts
 of a human ,creature4  ,,xxv4 ,of the  
,antipathy of some human ,creatures1 to 
some ,forrein ,objects  ,,xxvi4 ,of the 

,effects of ,forrein ,objects1 on the   
human ,mind1 ib4  ,,xxvii4 ,of          
,contemplation  ,,xxviii4 ,of injecting 
the ,blood of one ,animal1 into the     
,veins of another ,animal   ,the        
,eleventh ,part4  ,i4 ,of the different 
,knowledges in different kinds and sorts
 of ,creatures  ,,ii4 ,of the variety of
 self-actions in particular ,creatures  
,,iii4 ,of the variety of ,corporeal    
,motions of one and the same sort and   
kind of ,motion  ,,iv4 ,of the variety  
of particular ,creatures1 ibid4  ,v4 ,of
 dividing1 and rejoyning1 or altering   
exterior figurative ,motions  ,,vi4 ,of 
different figurative ,motions in        
particular ,creatures  ,,vii4 ,of the   
alterations of exterior and innate      
figurative ,motions of several sorts of 
,creatures  ,,viii4 ,of ,local ,motion  
,,ix4 ,of several manners or ways of    
,advantages or ,disadvantages  ,x4 ,of  
the actions of some sorts of ,creatures1
 over others  ,,xi4 ,of ,glassie-,bodies
  ,,xii4 ,of ,metamorphoses1 or         

,transformations of ,animals and        
,vegetables1  ,,xiii4 ,of the ,life and 
,death of several ,creatures  ,,xiv4 ,of
 ,circles  ,,xv4 ,human ,creatures      
cannot so probably treat of other sorts 
of ,creatures1 as of their own   ,the   
,twelfth ,part4  ,i4 ,of the equality of
 ,elements  ,,ii4 ,of several ,tempers  
,,iii4 ,of the change and rechange2 and 
of dividing of the parts of the         
,elements  ,,iv4 ,of the innate         
figurative ,motions of ,earth  ,v4 ,of  
the figurative ,motions of ,air1 ibid4  
,,vi4 ,of the innate figurative ,motions
 of ,fire  ,,vii4 ,of the productions of
 ,elemental ,fire  ,,viii4 ,of ,flame   
,,ix4 ,of the two sorts of ,fire most   
different1 ibid4  ,x4 ,of ,dead or ,dull
 ,fires  ,,xi4 ,of the occasional       
,actions of ,fire  ,,xii4 ,fire hath not
 the property to change and rechange    
,,xiii4 ,of the innate figurative       
,motions of ,water  ,,xiv4 ,the nature  
or property of ,water  ,,xv4 ,of the    
alteration of the exterior figurative   

motion of ,water  ,,xvi4 ,of ,oyl of    
,vitriol1 ibid4  ,,xvii4 ,of ,mineral   
and ,sulphurous ,waters  ,,xviii4 ,the  
cause of the ,ebbing and ,flowing of the
 ,sea  ,,xix4 ,of ,overflows  ,,xx4 ,of 
the ,figure of ,ice and ,snow  ,,xxi4   
,of the change and rechange of ,water   
,,xxii4 ,of ,water quenching ,fire1 and 
,fire evaporating ,water  ,,xxiii4 ,of  
inflamable ,liquors  ,,xxiv4 ,of        
,thunder  ,,xxv4 ,of ,vapour1 ,smoak1   
,wind and ,clouds  ,,xxvi4 ,of ,wind    
,,xxvii4 ,of ,light  ,,xxviii4 ,of      
,darkness  ,,xxix4 ,of ,colours  ,,xxx4 
,of the ,exterior ,motions of the       
,planets  ,,xxxi4 ,of the ,sun1 and     
,planets1 and ,seasons  ,,xxxii4 ,of    
,air corrupting dead ,bodies4   ,the    
,thirteenth ,part4  ,i4 ,of the innate  
figurative ,motions of ,metal  ,,ii4 ,of
 the melting of ,metals  ,,iii4 ,of     
,burning1 ,melting1 ,boyling1 and       
,evaporating  ,,iv4 ,of ,stone  ,v4 ,of 
the ,loadstone  ,,vi4 ,of ,bodies apt to
 ascend1 or descend  ,,vii4 ,why heavy  

,bodies descend more forcibly than      
leight ,bodies ascend1  ,,viii4 ,of     
several sorts of ,densities and         
,rarities1 ,gravities1 and ,levities    
,,ix4 ,of ,vegetables  ,x4 ,of the      
production of ,vegetables  ,,xi4 ,of    
replanting ,vegetables   ,,appendix4    
,the ,first ,part4  ,i4 ,whether there  
can be a ,substance that is not a ,body 
,,ii4 ,of an ,immaterial  ,,iii4        
,whether an ,immaterial be perceivable  
,,iv4 ,of the ,difference between ,,god 
and ,nature  ,v4 ,all the ,parts of     
,nature1 worship ,,god1 ibid4  ,,vi4    
,whether ,,god's ,decrees are limited   
,,vii4 ,of ,,god's ,decrees concerning  
the particular ,parts of ,nature        
,,viii4 ,of the ,ten ,commandments      
,,ix4 ,of several ,religions  ,x4 ,of   
,rules and ,prescriptions  ,,xi4 ,sins  
and ,punishments are material  ,,xii4   
,of human ,conscience   ,the ,second    
,part4  ,i4 ,whether it is possible     
there could be ,worlds consisting only  
of the ,rational parts1 and others only 

of the ,sensitive parts  ,,ii4 ,of      
,irregular and ,regular ,worlds  ,,iii4 
,whether there be ,egress and ,regress  
between the ,parts of several ,worlds   
,,iv4 ,whether the ,parts of one and the
 same ,society1 could 7after their      
dissolution1 meet and unite  ,v4        
,whether1 if a ,creature being          
dissolved1 if it could unite again1     
would be the same  ,,vi4 ,of the        
,resurrection of ,human-kind  ,,vii4 ,of
 the dissolution of a ,world  ,,viii4   
,of a new ,heaven1 and a new ,earth     
,,ix4 ,whether there shall be a         
,material ,heaven and ,hell1 ibid4  ,x4 
,concerning the ,joys or ,torments of   
the ,blessed and ,cursed1 after they are
 in ,heaven or ,hell   ,the ,third      
,part4  ,the ,preamble4  ,i4 ,of the    
,happy and ,miserable ,worlds  ,,ii4    
,whether there be such kinds and sorts  
of ,creatures in the ,happy and ,blessed
 ,world1 as in this ,world  ,,iii4 ,of  
the ,births and ,deaths of the ,heavenly
 ,world1 ibid4  ,,iv4 ,whether those    

,creatures could be named ,blessed1 that
 are subject to dye  ,v4 ,of the        
,productions of the ,creatures of the   
,regular ,world  ,,vi4 ,whether the     
,creatures in the ,blessed ,world1 do   
feed and evacuate  ,,vii4 ,of the       
,animals1 and of the food of the ,humans
 of the ,happy ,world  ,,viii4 ,whether 
it is not irregular for one ,creature to
 feed on another  ,,ix4 ,of the         
continuance of life in the ,regular     
,world  ,x4 ,of the ,excellency and     
,happiness of the ,creatures of the     
,regular ,world  ,,xi4 ,of ,human       
,creatures in the ,regular ,world       
,,xii4 ,of the happiness of human       
,creatures in the ,material ,world1     
ibid4   ,the ,fourth ,part4  ,i4 ,of the
 ,irregular ,world  ,,ii4 ,of the       
,productions and ,dissolutions of the   
,creatures of the irregular ,world      
,,iii4 ,of ,animals1 and of ,humans in  
the irregular ,world  ,,iv4 ,of ,objects
 and ,perceptions  ,v4 ,the ,description
 of the ,globe of the irregular ,world1 

ibid4  ,,vi4 ,of the ,elemental ,air1   
and ,light of the irregular ,world      
,,vii4 ,of ,storms and ,tempests in the 
irregular ,world  ,,viii4 ,of the       
several ,seasons2 or rather1 of the     
several ,tempers in the irregular       
,world1 ibid4  ,,ix4 ,the ,conclusion of
 the irregular and unhappy1 or cursed   
,world   ,the ,fifth ,part4  ,fifteen   
,sections concerning ,restoring-,beds1  
or ,wombs   ,the ,conclusion            
,,grounds ,,of ,natural ,philosophy4    
,the ,first ,part4     ,,chap4 ,i4 ,of  
,,matter4   ,matter is that we name     
,body2 which ,matter cannot be less1 or 
more1 than ,body3 ,yet some ,learned    
,persons are of opinion1 ,that there are
 ,substances that are not ,material     
,bodies4 ,but how they can prove any    
sort of ,substance to be no ,body1 ,i   
cannot tell3 neither can any of         
,nature's ,parts express it1 because a  
,corporeal ,part cannot have an         
,incorporeal ,perception4 ,but as for   
,matter1 there may be degrees1 as1 more 

pure1 or less pure2 but there cannot be 
any ,substances in ,nature1 that are    
between ,body1 and no ,body3 ,also1     
,matter cannot be figureless1 neither   
can ,matter be without ,parts4          
,likewise1 there cannot be ,matter      
without ,place1 nor ,place without      
,matter2 so that ,matter1 ,figure1 or   
,place1 is but one thing3 for1 it is as 
impossible for ,one ,body to have ,two  
,places1 as for ,one ,place to have ,two
 ,bodies2 neither can there be ,place1  
without ,body4     ,,chap4 ,,ii4 ,of    
,,motion4   ,though ,matter might be    
without ,motion1 yet ,motion cannot be  
without ,matter2 for it is impossible   
7in my opinion7 that there should be an 
,immaterial ,motion in ,nature3 and if  
,motion is corporeal1 then ,matter1     
,figure1 ,place1 and ,motion1 is but one
 thing1 viz4 a corporeal figurative     
,motion4 ,as for a ,first ,motion1 ,i   
cannot conceive how it can be1 or what  
that ,first ,motion should be3 for1 an  
,immaterial cannot have a ,material     

,motion2 or1 so strong a ,motion1 as to 
set all the ,material ,parts in ,nature1
 or this ,world1 a-moving2 but 7in my   
opinion7 every particular part moves by 
its own ,motion3 ,if so1 then all the   
,actions in ,nature are self-corporeal1 
figurative ,motions4 ,but this is to be 
noted1 ,that as there is but one        
,matter1 so there is but one ,motion2   
and as there are several ,parts of      
,matter1 so there are several ,changes  
of ,motion3 for1 as ,matter1 of what    
degree soever it is1 or can be1 is but  
,matter2 so ,motion1 although it make   
,infinite ,changes1 can be but ,motion4 
,,chap4 ,,iii4 ,of the degrees of       
,,matter4   ,though ,matter can be      
neither more nor less than ,matter2 yet 
there may be degrees of ,matter1 as more
 pure1 or less pure2 and yet the purest 
,parts are as much material1 in relation
 to the nature of ,matter1 as the       
grossest3 ,neither can there be more    
than two sorts of ,matter1 namely1 that 
sort which is ,self-moving1 and that    

which is not ,self-moving4 ,also1 there 
can be but two sorts of the ,self-moving
 ,parts2 as1 that sort that moves       
intirely without ,burdens1 and that sort
 that moves with the ,burdens of those  
,parts that are not ,self-moving3 ,so   
that there can be but these three sorts2
 ,those parts that are not moving1 those
 that move free1 and those that move    
with those parts that are not moving of 
themselves3 ,which degrees are 7in my   
opinion7 the ,rational ,parts1 the      
,sensitive ,parts1 and the ,inanimate   
,parts2 which three sorts of ,parts are 
so join'd1 that they are but as one     
,body2 for1 it is impossible that those 
three sorts of ,parts should subsist    
single1 by reason ,nature is but one    
united material ,body4     ,,chap4 ,,iv4
 ,of ,,vacuum4   ,in my opinion1 there  
cannot possibly be any ,vacuum3 for1    
though ,nature1 as being material1 is   
divisible and compoundable2 and1 having 
,self-motion1 is in perpetual action3   
yet ,nature cannot divide or compose    

from her self1 although she may move1   
divide1 and compose in her self3 ,but1  
were it possible ,nature's ,parts could 
wander and stray in1 and out of ,vacuum1
 there would be a ,confusion2 for1 where
 ,unity is not1 ,order cannot be3       
,wherefore1 by the ,order and ,method of
 ,nature's corporeal ,actions1 we may   
perceive1 there is no ,vacuum3 ,for1    
what needs a ,vacuum1 when as ,body and 
,place is but one thing2 and as the     
,body alters1 so doth the ,place8       
,,chap4 ,v4 ,the difference of the ,two 
,self-moving ,parts of ,matter4   ,the  
,self-moving ,parts of ,nature seem to  
be of two sorts1 or degrees2 one being  
purer1 and so more agil and free than   
the other2 which 7in my opinion7 are the
 ,rational ,parts of ,nature4 ,the other
 sort is not so pure2 and are the       
,architectonical ,parts1 which are the  
,labouring ,parts1 bearing the grosser  
,materials about them1 which are the    
,inanimate ,parts2 and this sort 7in my 
opinion7 are the ,sensitive ,parts of   

,nature2 which form1 build1 or compose  
themselves with the ,inanimate ,parts1  
into all kinds and sorts of ,creatures1 
as ,animals1 ,vegetables1 ,minerals1    
,elements1 or what ,creatures soever    
there are in ,nature3 ,whereas the      
,rational are so pure1 that they cannot 
be so strong ,labourers1 as to move with
 ,burdens of ,inanimate ,parts1 but move
 freely without ,burdens3 for1 though   
the ,rational and ,sensitive1 with the  
,inanimate1 move together as one ,body2 
yet the ,rational and ,sensitive1 do not
 move as one ,part1 as the sensitive    
doth with the ,inanimate4 ,but1 pray    
mistake me not1 when ,i say1 the        
,inanimate ,parts are grosser2 as if ,i 
meant1 they were like some densed       
,creature2 for1 those are but ,effects1 
and not ,causes3 but1 ,i mean gross1    
dull1 heavy ,parts1 as1 that they are   
not ,self-moving2 nor do ,i mean by     
,purity1 ,rarity2 but ,agility3 for1    
,rare or ,dense ,parts1 are ,effects1   
and not ,causes3 ,and therefore1 if any 

should ask1 ,whether the ,rational and  
,sensitive ,parts were ,rare1 or ,dense2
 ,i answer1 ,they may be ,rare or       
,dense1 according as they contract1 or  
dilate their ,parts2 for there is no    
such thing as a ,single ,part in        
,nature3 for ,matter1 or ,body1 cannot  
be so divided1 but that it will remain  
,matter1 which is divisible4     ,,chap4
 ,,vi4 ,of ,dividing and ,uniting of    
,parts4   ,though every ,self-moving    
,part1 or ,corporeal ,motion1 have      
free-will to move after what manner they
 please2 yet1 by reason there can be no 
,single ,parts1 several ,parts unite in 
one ,action1 and so there must be united
 ,actions3 for1 though every particular 
,part may divide from particular ,parts2
 yet those that divide from some1 are   
necessitated to join with other ,parts1 
at the same point of time of division2  
and at that very same time1 is their    
uniting or joining3 so that ,division1  
and ,composition or ,joining1 is as one 
and the same act4 ,also1 every altered  

,action1 is an altered figurative       
,place1 by reason ,matter1 ,figure1     
,motion1 and ,place1 is but one thing2  
and1 by reason ,nature is a perpetual   
motion1 she must of necessity cause     
infinite ,varieties4     ,,chap4 ,,vii4 
,of ,life and ,knowledg4   ,all the     
,parts of ,nature have ,life and        
,knowledg2 but1 all the ,parts have not 
,active ,life1 and a perceptive         
,knowledg1 but onely the ,rational and  
,sensitive3 ,and this is to be noted1   
,that the variousness1 or variety of    
,actions1 causes varieties of ,lives and
 ,knowledges3 ,for1 as the ,self-moving 
parts alter1 or vary their ,actions2 so 
they alter and vary their ,lives and    
,knowledges2 but there cannot be an     
,infinite particular ,knowledg1 nor an  
,infinite particular ,life2 because     
,matter is divisible and compoundable4  
,,chap4 ,,viii4 ,of ,nature's ,knowledg 
and ,perception4   ,if ,nature were not 
,self-knowing1 ,self-living1 and also   
,perceptive1 she would run into         

,confusion3 for1 there could be neither 
,order1 nor ,method1 in ,ignorant       
motion2 neither would there be distinct 
kinds or sorts of ,creatures1 nor such  
exact and methodical ,varieties as there
 are3 for1 it is impossible to make     
orderly and methodical ,distinctions1 or
 distinct ,orders1 by ,chances3         
,wherefore1 ,nature being so exact 7as  
she is7 must needs be ,self-knowing and 
,perceptive3 ,and though all her ,parts1
 even the ,inanimate ,parts1 are        
,self-knowing1 and ,self-living2 yet1   
onely her ,self-moving ,parts have an   
active ,life1 and a perceptive          
,knowledg4     ,,chap4 ,,ix4 ,of        
,,perception in general4   ,perception  
is a sort of ,knowledg1 that hath       
reference to ,objects2 that is1 ,some   
,parts to know other ,parts3 ,but yet   
,objects are not the cause of           
,perception2 for the cause of           
,perception is ,self-motion4 ,but some  
would say1 ,if there were no ,object1   
there could be no ,perception4 ,i       

answer3 ,it is true2 for1 that cannot be
 perceived1 that is not3 but yet1       
corporeal motions cannot be without     
,parts1 and so not without ,perception4 
,but1 put an impossible case1 as1 ,that 
there could be a single ,corporeal      
,motion1 and no more in ,nature2 that   
,corporeal ,motion may make several     
,changes1 somewhat like ,conceptions1   
although not ,perceptions3 but1 ,nature 
being ,corporeal1 is composed of ,parts1
 and therefore there cannot be a want of
 ,objects4 ,but there are ,infinite     
several manners and ways of ,perception2
 which proves1 ,that the ,objects are   
not the ,cause3 for1 every several kind 
and sort of ,creatures1 have several    
kinds and sorts of ,perception1         
according to the nature and property of 
such a kind or sort of ,composition1 as 
makes such a kind or sort of ,creature2 
as ,i shall treat of1 more fully1 in the
 following ,parts of this ,book4        
,,chap4 ,x4 ,of ,double ,,perception4   
,there is a ,double ,perception in      

,nature1 the ,rational ,perception1 and 
the ,sensitive3 ,the ,rational          
,perception is more subtil and          
penetrating than the ,sensitive2 also1  
it is more generally perceptive than the
 ,sensitive2 also1 it is a more agil    
,perception than the ,sensitive3 ,all   
which is occasioned not onely through   
the purity of the ,rational parts1 but  
through the liberty of the ,rational    
parts2 whereas the ,sensitive being     
incumbred with the ,inanimate parts1 is 
obstructed and retarded4 ,yet all       
,perceptions1 both ,sensitive and       
,rational1 are in parts2 but1 by reason 
the ,rational is freer1 7being not a    
painful ,labourer7 can more easily make 
an united ,perception1 than the         
,sensitive2 which is the reason the     
,rational parts can make a ,whole       
,perception of a ,whole ,object3        
,whereas the ,sensitive makes but       
,perceptions in part1 of one and the    
same ,object4     ,,chap4 ,,xi4 ,whether
 the ,triumphant ,parts can be perceived

 distinctly from each other4   ,some may
 make this ,question1 ,whether the      
,three sorts of ,parts1 the ,rational1  
,sensitive1 and ,inanimate1 may be      
singly perceived8 ,i answer1 ,not unless
 there were single ,parts in ,nature2   
but1 though they cannot be singly       
perceived1 yet they singly perceive2    
because1 every ,part hath its own       
motion1 and so its own perception4 ,and 
though those ,parts1 that have not      
self-motion1 have not perception2 yet1  
being joined1 as one ,body1 to the      
,sensitive1 they may by the ,sensitive  
,motion1 have some different sorts of   
,self-knowledg1 caused by the different 
actions of the ,sensitive parts2 but    
that is not ,perception4 ,but1 as ,i    
said1 the ,triumphant ,parts cannot be  
perceived distinctly asunder1 though    
their ,actions may be different3 for1   
the joining1 or intermixing of ,parts1  
hinders not the several ,actions2 as for
 example1 ,a ,man is composed of several
 ,parts1 or1 7as the ,learned term them7

 ,corporeal ,motions2 yet1 not any of   
those different ,parts1 or ,corporeal   
,motions1 are a hindrance to each other3
 ,the same between the ,sensitive and   
,rational ,parts4     ,,chap4 ,,xii4    
,whether ,nature can know her self1 or  
have an ,absolute ,power of her self1 or
 have an exact ,figure4   ,i was of an  
opinion1 ,that ,nature1 because         
,infinite1 could not know her ,self2    
because ,infinite hath no limit4 ,also1 
,that ,nature could not have an         
,absolute ,power over her own ,parts1   
because she had ,infinite ,parts2 and1  
that the ,infiniteness did hinder the   
,absoluteness3 ,but since ,i have       
consider'd1 ,that the ,infinite ,parts  
must of necessity be ,self-knowing2 and 
that those ,infinite ,self-knowing      
,parts are united in one ,infinite      
,body1 by which ,nature must have both  
an ,united ,knowledg1 and an ,united    
,power4 ,also1 ,i questioned1 ,whether  
,nature could have an ,exact ,figure1   
7but1 mistake me not2 for ,i do not mean

 the ,figure of ,matter1 but a composed 
,figure of ,parts7 because ,nature was  
composed of ,infinite ,variety of       
,figurative ,parts3 ,but considering1   
that those ,infinite ,varieties of      
,infinite ,figurative ,parts1 were      
united into one ,body2 ,i did conclude1 
,that she must needs have an ,exact     
,figure1 though she be ,infinite3 ,as   
for example1 ,this ,world is composed of
 numerous and several ,figurative parts1
 and yet the ,world hath an exact ,form 
and ,frame1 the same which it would have
 if it were ,infinite4 ,but1 as for     
,self-knowledg1 and ,power1 certainly   
,god hath given them to ,nature1 though 
her ,power be limited3 for1 she cannot  
move beyond her ,nature2 nor hath she   
power to make her self any otherwise    
than what she is1 since she cannot      
create1 or annihilate any part1 or      
particle3 nor can she make any of her   
,parts1 ,immaterial2 or any ,immaterial1
 ,corporeal3 ,nor can she give to one   
part1 the ,nature 7viz4 the ,knowledg1  

,life1 ,motion1 or ,perception7 of      
another part2 which is the reason one   
,creature cannot have the properties1 or
 faculties of another2 they may have the
 like1 but not the same4     ,,chap4    
,,xiii4 ,nature cannot judg her self4   
,although ,nature knows her self1 and   
hath a free power of her self2 7,i mean1
 a natural ,knowledg and ,power7 yet1   
,nature cannot be an upright1 and just  
,judg of her self1 and so not of any of 
her ,parts2 because every particular    
part is a part of her self4 ,besides1 as
 she is ,self-moving1 she is            
,self-changeing1 and so she is          
alterable3 ,wherefore1 nothing can be a 
perfect1 and a just ,judg1 but something
 that is ,individable1 and ,unalterable1
 which is the ,infinite ,,god1 who is   
,unmoving1 ,immutable1 and so           
,unalterable2 who is the ,judg of the   
,infinite ,corporeal ,actions of his    
,servant ,nature4 ,and this is the      
reason that all ,nature's ,parts appeal 
to ,god1 as being the only ,judg4       

,,chap4 ,,xiv4 ,nature ,poyses1 or      
,balances her ,actions4   ,although     
,nature be ,infinite1 yet all her       
,actions seem to be poysed1 or balanced1
 by ,opposition2 as for example1 ,as    
,nature hath dividing1 so composing     
actions3 ,also1 as ,nature hath regular1
 so irregular actions2 as ,nature hath  
dilating1 so contracting actions3 ,in   
short1 we may perceive amongst the      
,creatures1 or ,parts of this ,world1   
slow1 swift1 thick1 thin1 heavy1 leight1
 rare1 dense1 little1 big1 low1 high1   
broad1 narrow1 light1 dark1 hot1 cold1  
productions1 dissolutions1 peace1 warr1 
mirth1 sadness1 and that we name ,life1 
and ,death2 and infinite the like2 as   
also1 infinite varieties in every       
several kind and sort of actions3 but1  
the infinite varieties are made by the  
,self-moving parts of ,nature1 which are
 the ,corporeal ,figurative ,motions of 
,nature4     ,,chap4 ,,xv4 ,whether     
there be ,degrees of ,corporeal         
,strength4   ,as ,i have declared1 there

 are 7in my ,opinion7 ,two sorts of     
,self-moving ,parts2 the one ,sensitive1
 the other ,rational4 ,the ,rational    
parts of my ,mind1 moving in the manner 
of ,conception1 or ,inspection1 did     
occasion some ,disputes1 or ,arguments1 
amongst those parts of my ,mind4 ,the   
,arguments were these3 ,whether there   
were degrees of ,strength1 as there was 
of ,purity1 between their own sort1 as1 
the ,rational and the ,sensitive8 ,the  
,major part of the ,argument was1 ,that 
,self-motion could be but ,self-motion3 
for1 not any part of ,nature could move 
beyond its power of ,self-motion4 ,but  
the ,minor part argued1 ,that the       
,self-motion of the ,rational1 might be 
stronger than the ,self-motion of the   
,sensitive4 ,but the ,major part was of 
the opinion1 ,that there could be no    
degrees of the ,power of ,nature1 or the
 ,nature of ,nature3 for ,matter1 which 
was ,nature1 could be but ,self-moving1 
or not ,self-moving2 or partly          
,self-moving1 or not ,self-moving4 ,but 

the ,minor argued1 ,that it was not     
against the nature of ,matter to have   
degrees of ,corporeal ,strength1 as well
 as degrees of ,purity3 for1 though     
there could not be degrees of ,purity   
amongst the ,parts of the same sort1 as 
amongst the ,parts of the ,rational1 or 
amongst the ,parts of the ,sensitive2   
yet1 if there were degrees of the       
,rational and ,sensitive ,parts1 there  
might be degrees of ,strength4 ,the     
,major part said1 ,that if there were   
degrees of ,strength1 it would make a   
,confusion1 by reason there would be no 
,agreement2 for1 the ,strongest would be
 ,tyrants to the ,weakest1 in so much as
 they would never suffer those ,parts to
 act methodically or regularly4 ,but the
 ,minor part said1 that they had        
observed1 ,that there was degrees of    
,strength amongst the ,sensitive ,parts4
 ,the ,major part argued1 ,that they had
 not degrees of ,strength by ,nature2   
but1 that the greater ,number of ,parts 
were stronger than a less ,number of    

,parts4 ,also1 there were some sorts of 
,actions1 that had advantage of other   
sorts4 ,also1 some sorts of             
,compositions are stronger than other2  
not through the degrees of innate       
,strength1 nor through the number of    
,parts2 but1 through the manner and form
 of their ,compositions1 or             
,productions4 ,thus my ,thoughts argued2
 but1 after many ,debates and ,disputes1
 at last my ,rational ,parts agreed1    
,that1 ,if there were degrees of        
,strength1 it could not be between the  
,parts of the same degree1 or sort2 but1
 between the ,rational and ,sensitive2  
and if so1 the ,sensitive was ,stronger1
 being less pure2 and the ,rational was 
more ,agil1 being more pure4     ,,chap4
 ,,xvi4 ,of ,effects1 and ,cause4   ,to 
treat of ,infinite ,effects1 produced   
from an an ,infinite ,cause1 is an      
endless ,work1 and impossible to be     
performed1 or effected2 only this may be
 said1 ,that the ,effects1 though       
,infinite1 are so united to the material

 ,cause1 as that not any single effect  
can be1 nor no ,effect can be           
annihilated2 by reason all ,effects are 
in the power of the ,cause4 ,but this is
 to be noted1 ,that some ,effects       
producing other ,effects1 are1 in some  
sort or manner1 a ,cause4     ,,chap4   
,,xvii4 ,of ,,influence4   ,an          
,influence is this2 ,when as the        
,corporeal ,figurative ,motions1 in     
different kinds1 and sorts of           
,creatures1 or in one and the same      
sorts1 or kinds1 move sympathetically3  
,and though there be antipathetical     
,motions1 as well as sympathetical2 yet1
 all the ,infinite parts of ,matter1 are
 agreeable in their nature1 as being all
 ,material1 and ,self-moving2 and by    
reason there is no ,vacuum1 there must  
of necessity be an ,influence amongst   
all the ,parts of ,nature4     ,,chap4  
,,xviii4 ,of ,,fortune and ,,chance4    
,fortune1 is only various ,corporeal    
,motions of several ,creatures1 design'd
 to one ,creature1 or more ,creatures2  

either to that ,creature1 or those      
,creatures ,advantage1 or ,disadvantage3
 ,if ,advantage1 ,man names it ,good    
,fortune2 if ,disadvantage1 ,man names  
it ,ill ,fortune4 ,as for ,chance1 it is
 the visible ,effects of some hidden    
,cause2 and ,fortune1 a sufficient      
,cause to produce such ,effects3 for1   
the conjunction of sufficient ,causes1  
doth produce such or such ,effects2     
which ,effects could not be produced1 if
 any of those ,causes were wanting3 ,so 
that1 ,chances are but the ,effects of  
,fortune4     ,,chap4 ,,xix4 ,of ,,time 
and ,,eternity4   ,time is not a ,thing 
by it self2 nor is ,time ,immaterial3   
for1 ,time is only the variations of    
,corporeal ,motions2 but ,eternity      
depends not on ,motion1 but of a ,being 
without ,beginning1 or ,ending4     ,the
 ,second ,part4     ,,chap4 ,i4 ,of     
,,creatures4   ,all ,creatures are      
,composed-,figures1 by the consent of   
,associating ,parts2 by which           
,association1 they joyn into such1 or   

such a figured ,creature3 ,and though   
every ,corporeal ,motion1 or            
,self-moving ,part1 hath its own motion2
 yet1 by their ,association1 they all   
agree in proper actions1 as actions     
proper to their ,compositions3 and1 if  
every particular ,part1 hath not a      
perception of all the ,parts of their   
,association2 yet1 every ,part knows its
 own ,work4     ,,chap4 ,,ii4 ,of       
,knowledg and ,perception of different  
kinds and sorts of ,creatures4   ,there 
is not any ,creature in ,nature1 that is
 not composed of ,self-moving ,parts1   
7viz4 both of ,rational and ,sensitive7 
as also of the ,inanimate ,parts1 which 
are ,self-knowing3 so that all          
,creatures1 being composed of these     
sorts of ,parts1 must have a ,sensitive1
 and ,rational ,knowledg and            
,perception1 as ,animals1 ,vegetables1  
,minerals1 ,elements1 or what else there
 is in ,nature3 ,but several kinds1 and 
several sorts in these kinds of         
,creatures1 being composed after        

different manners1 and ways1 must needs 
have different ,lives1 ,knowledges1 and 
,perceptions3 and not only every several
 kind1 and sort1 have such differences2 
but1 every particular ,creature1 through
 the variations of their ,self-moving   
,parts1 have varieties of ,lives1       
,knowledges1 ,perceptions1 ,conceptions1
 and the like2 and not only so1 but     
every particular part of one and the    
same ,creature1 have varieties of       
,knowledges1 and ,perceptions1 because  
they have varieties of ,actions4 ,but1  
7as ,i have declared7 there is not any  
different kind of ,creature1 that can   
have the like ,life1 ,knowledg1 and     
,perception2 not only because they have 
different ,productions1 and different   
,forms2 but1 different ,natures1 as     
being of different kinds4      ,,chap4  
,,iii4 ,of ,perception of ,parts1 and   
,united ,perception4   ,all the         
,self-moving ,parts are perceptive2 and1
 all ,perception is in ,parts1 and is   
dividable1 and compoundable1 as being   

,material2 also1 ,alterable1 as being   
,self-moving3 ,wherefore1 no ,creature  
that is composed1 or consists of many   
several sorts of ,corporeal ,figurative 
,motions1 but must have many sorts of   
,perception2 which is the reason that   
one ,creature1 as ,man1 cannot perceive 
another ,man any otherwise but in       
,parts3 for1 the ,rational1 and         
,sensitive2 nay1 all the ,parts of one  
and the same ,creature1 perceive their  
,adjoining ,parts1 as they perceive     
,foreign ,parts2 only1 by their close   
conjunction and near relation1 they     
unite in one and the same actions4 ,i do
 not say1 they always agree3 for1 when  
they move irregularly1 they disagree3   
,and some of those ,united ,parts1 will 
move after one manner1 and some after   
another2 but1 when they move regularly1 
then they move to one and the same      
,design1 or one and the same ,united    
,action4 ,so1 although a ,creature is   
composed of several sorts of ,corporeal 
,motions2 yet1 these several sorts1     

being properly united in one ,creature1 
move all agreeably to the ,property and 
,nature of the whole ,creature2 that is1
 the particular ,parts move according to
 the property of the whole ,creature2   
because the particular ,parts1 by       
conjunction1 make the ,whole3 ,so that1 
the several ,parts make one ,whole2 by  
which1 a ,whole ,creature hath both a   
general ,knowledg1 and a ,knowledg of   
,parts2 whereas1 the ,perceptions of    
,foreign ,objects1 are but in the       
,parts3 and this is the reason why one  
,creature perceives not the ,whole of   
another ,creature1 but only some ,parts4
 ,yet this is to be noted1 ,that not any
 ,part hath another ,part's ,nature1 or 
,motion1 nor therefore1 their ,knowledg1
 or ,perception2 but1 by agreement1 and 
unity of ,parts1 there is composed      
,perceptions4     ,,chap4 ,,iv4 ,whether
 the ,rational and ,sensitive ,parts    
have a ,perception of each other4       
,some may ask the ,question1 ,whether   
the ,rational and ,sensitive1 have      

,perception of each other8 ,i answer3   
,in my ,opinion1 they have4 ,for1 though
 the ,rational and ,sensitive ,parts1 be
 of two sorts2 yet1 both sorts have     
,self-motion2 so that they are but as   
one1 as1 that they are both ,corporeal  
,motions2 and1 had not the ,sensitive   
,parts incumbrances1 they would be1 in a
 degree1 as agil1 and as free as the    
,rational4 ,but1 though each sort hath  
perception of each other1 and some may  
have the like2 yet they have not the    
same3 for1 not any ,part can have       
another's ,perception1 or ,knowledg2    
but1 by reason the ,rational and        
,sensitive1 are both ,corporeal         
,motions1 there is a strong sympathy    
between those sorts1 in one             
,conjunction1 or ,creature4 ,indeed1 the
 ,rational ,parts are the ,designing    
,parts2 and the ,sensitive1 the         
,labouring ,parts2 and the ,inanimate   
are as the ,material ,parts3 not but all
 the three sorts are ,material ,parts2  
but the ,inanimate1 being not           

,self-moving1 are the ,burdensome       
,parts4     ,,chap4 ,v4 ,of ,thoughts1  
and the whole ,mind of a ,creature4     
,,as for ,thoughts1 though they are     
several ,corporeal ,motions1 or         
,self-moving ,parts2 yet1 being united1 
by ,conjunction in one ,creature1 into  
one whole ,mind1 cannot be perceived by 
some ,parts of another ,creature1 nor by
 the same sort of ,creature1 as by      
another ,man4 ,but some may ask1        
,whether the whole ,mind of one         
,creature1 as the whole ,mind of one    
,man1 may not perceive the whole ,mind  
of another ,man8 ,i answer1 ,that if the
 ,mind was not joyn'd and mix'd with the
 ,sensitive and ,inanimate ,parts1 and  
had not interior1 as well as exterior   
,parts1 the whole ,mind of one ,man1    
might perceive the whole ,mind of       
another ,man2 but1 that being not       
possible1 one whole ,mind cannot        
perceive another whole ,mind3 ,by which 
,observation we may perceive1 there are 
no ,platonick ,lovers in ,nature4 ,but  

some may ask1 ,whether the ,sensitive   
,parts can perceive the ,rational1 in   
one and the same ,creature8 ,i answer1  
,they do2 for if they did not1 it were  
impossible for the ,sensitive ,parts to 
execute the ,rational ,designs2 so that1
 what the ,mind designs1 the ,sensitive 
,body doth put in execution1 as far as  
they have ,power3 ,but if1 through      
,irregularities1 the ,body be sick1 and 
weak1 or hath some ,infirmities1 they   
cannot execute the ,designs of the      
,mind4     ,,chap4 ,,vi4 ,whether the   
,mind of one ,creature1 can perceive the
 ,mind of another ,creature4   ,some may
 ask the reason1 ,why one ,creature1 as 
,man1 cannot perceive the ,thoughts of  
another ,man1 as well as he perceives   
his exterior ,sensitive ,parts8 ,i      
answer1 ,that the ,rational ,parts of   
one ,man1 perceive as much of the       
,rational ,parts of another ,man1 as the
 ,sensitive ,parts of that ,man doth of 
the ,sensitive ,parts of the other ,man2
 that is1 as much as is presented to his

 ,perception3 for1 all ,creatures1 and  
every part and particle1 have those     
three sorts of ,matter2 and therefore1  
every part of a ,creature is perceiving1
 and perceived4 ,but1 by reason all     
,creatures are composed of ,parts1 7viz4
 both of the ,rational and ,sensitive7  
all ,perceptions are in parts1 as well  
the ,rational1 as the ,sensitive        
,perception3 yet1 neither the ,rational1
 nor the ,sensitive1 can perceive all   
the ,interior ,parts or ,corporeal      
,motions1 unless they were presented to 
their perception3 ,neither can one ,part
 know the ,knowledg and ,perception of  
another ,part3 but1 what ,parts of one  
,creature are subject to the perception 
of another ,creature1 those are         
perceived4     ,,chap4 ,,vii4 ,of       
,perception1 and ,conception4           
,although the ,exterior ,parts of one   
,creature1 can but perceive the         
,exterior ,parts of another ,creature2  
yet1 the ,rational can make ,conceptions
 of the ,interior ,parts1 but not       

,perception3 for1 neither the ,sense1   
nor ,reason1 can perceive what is not   
present1 but by rote1 as after the      
manner of ,conceptions1 or              
,remembrances1 as ,i shall in my        
following ,chapters declare3 ,so that1  
the ,exterior ,rational ,parts1 that are
 with the ,exterior ,sensitive ,parts of
 an ,object1 are as much perceived1 the 
one1 as the other3 but1 those ,exterior 
,parts of an ,object1 not moving in     
particular ,parties1 as in the whole    
,creature1 is the cause that some ,parts
 of one ,creature1 cannot perceive the  
whole ,composition or ,frame of another 
,creature3 that is1 some of the         
,rational ,parts of one ,creature1      
cannot perceive the whole ,mind of      
another ,creature4 ,the like of the     
,sensitive ,parts4     ,,chap4 ,,viii4  
,of ,human ,suppositions4   ,although   
,nature hath an ,infinite ,knowledg and 
,perception2 yet1 being a ,body1 and    
therefore divisible and compoundable2   
and having1 also1 ,self-motion1 to      

divide and compound her ,infinite       
,parts1 after infinite several manners2 
is the reason that her finite ,parts1 or
 particular ,creatures1 cannot have a   
general or infinite ,knowledg1 being    
limited1 by being finite1 to finite     
,perceptions1 or perceptive ,knowledg2  
which is the cause of ,suppositions1 or 
,imaginations1 concerning ,forrein      
,objects3 ,as for example1 ,a ,man can  
but perceive the ,exterior ,parts of    
another ,man1 or any other ,creature1   
that is subject to ,human ,perception2  
yet1 his ,rational ,parts may suppose1  
or presuppose1 what another ,man thinks1
 or what he will act3 and for other     
,creatures1 a ,man may suppose or       
imagine what the innate nature of such a
 ,vegetable1 or ,mineral1 or ,element   
is2 and may imagine or suppose the ,moon
 to be another ,world1 and that all the 
fixed ,starrs are ,sunns2 which         
,suppositions1 ,man names ,conjectures4 
,,chap4 ,,ix4 ,of ,information between  
several ,creatures4   ,no question but  

there is ,information between all       
,creatures3 but1 several sorts of       
,creatures1 having several sorts of     
,informations1 it is impossible for any 
particular sort to know1 or have        
perceptions of the ,infinite1 or        
,numberless ,informations1 between the  
,infinite and ,numberless ,parts1 or    
,creatures of ,nature3 ,nay1 there are  
so many several ,informations amongst   
one sort 7as of ,mankind7 that it is    
impossible for one ,man to perceive them
 all2 no1 nor can one ,man generally    
perceive the particular ,informations   
that are between the particular ,parts  
of his ,sensitive ,body2 or between the 
particular ,informations of his         
,rational ,body2 or between the         
particular ,rational and ,sensitive     
,parts3 much less can ,man perceive1 or 
know the several ,informations of other 
,creatures4     ,,chap4 ,x4 ,the ,reason
 of several kinds and sorts of          
,creatures4   ,some may ask1 ,why there 
are such sorts of ,creatures1 as we     

perceive there are1 and not other sorts8
 ,i answer1 ,that1 'tis probable1 we do 
not perceive all the several kinds and  
sorts of ,creatures in ,nature3 ,in     
truth1 it is impossible 7if ,nature be  
,infinite7 for a ,finite to perceive the
 ,infinite varieties of ,nature4 ,also  
they may ask1 ,why the ,planets are of a
 ,spherical ,shape1 and ,human          
,creatures are of an ,upright shape1 and
 ,beasts of a ,bending and stooping     
shape8 ,also1 ,why ,birds are made to   
flye1 and not ,beasts8 ,and for what    
,cause1 or ,design1 have ,animals such  
and such sorts of shapes and properties8
 ,and ,vegetables such and such sorts of
 shapes and properties8 ,and so of      
,minerals and ,elements8 ,i answer2     
,that several sorts1 kinds1 and         
differences of ,particulars1 causes     
,order1 by reason it causes             
,distinctions3 for1 if all ,creatures   
were alike1 it would cause a ,confusion4
     ,,chap4 ,,xi4 ,of the several      
,properties of several ,kinds and sorts 

of ,creatures4   ,as ,i have said1      
,there are several kinds1 and several   
sorts1 and several particular ,creatures
 of several kinds and sorts2 whereof    
there are some ,creatures of a mixt     
kind1 and some of a mixt sort1 and some 
of a mixture of some particulars4 ,also1
 there are some kind of ,creatures1 and 
sorts of ,creatures2 as also            
,particulars of a ,dense ,nature1 others
 of a ,rate ,nature2 some of a ,leight  
,nature1 some of a ,heavy ,nature2 some 
of a ,bright ,nature1 some of a ,dark   
,nature2 some of an ,ascending ,nature1 
some of a ,descending ,nature2 some of a
 ,hard ,nature1 some of a ,soft ,nature2
 some of a ,loose ,nature1 and some of a
 ,fixt ,nature2 some of an ,agil        
,nature1 and some of a ,slow ,nature2   
some of a ,consistent ,nature1 and some 
of a ,dissolving ,nature3 ,all which is 
according to the ,frame and ,form of    
their ,society1 or ,composition4        
,the ,third ,part4     ,,chap4 ,i4 ,of  
,productions in general4   ,the         

,self-moving ,parts1 or ,corporeal      
,motions1 are the ,producers of all     
,composed ,figures1 such as we name     
,creatures3 for1 though all ,matter hath
 ,figure1 by being ,matter2 for it were 
non-sense to say1 ,figureless ,matter2  
since the most pure ,parts of ,matter1  
have ,figure1 as well as the grossest2  
the rarest1 as well as the densed3 ,but1
 such ,composed ,figures which we name  
,creatures1 are produced by particular  
,associations of ,self-moving ,parts1   
into particular kinds1 and sorts2 and   
particular ,creatures in every kind1 or 
sort4 ,the particular kinds1 that are   
subject to ,human ,perceptions1 are     
those we name ,animals1 ,vegetables1    
,minerals1 and ,elements2 of which      
kinds1 there are numerous sorts2 and of 
every sort1 infinite particulars3 ,and  
though there be ,infinite ,varieties in 
,nature1 made by the ,corporeal         
,motions1 or ,self-moving ,parts1 which 
might cause a ,confusion3 ,yet1         
considering ,nature is intire in her    

self1 as being only ,material1 and as   
being but one ,united ,body2 also1      
poysing all her ,actions by ,opposites2 
'tis impossible to be any ways in       
,extreams1 or to have a ,confusion4     
,,chap4 ,,ii4 ,of ,productions in       
general4   ,the ,sensitive ,self-moving 
,parts1 or ,corporeal ,motions1 are the 
,labouring ,parts of all ,productions1  
or ,fabricks of all ,creatures2 but yet1
 those ,corporeal ,motions1 are parts of
 the ,creature they produce3 for1       
,production is only a ,society of       
particular ,parts1 that joyn into       
particular ,figures1 or ,creatures3 but1
 as ,parts produce ,figures1 by         
,association2 so they dissolve those    
,figures by ,division3 for1 ,matter is a
 perpetual ,motion1 that is always      
dividing and composing2 so that not any 
,creature can be eternally one and the  
same3 for1 if there were no             
,dissolvings1 and ,alterings1 there     
would be no varieties of ,particulars2  
for1 though the kinds and sorts may     

last1 yet not the ,particulars4 ,but1   
mistake me not1 ,i do not say those     
,figures are lost1  or annihilated in   
,nature2 but only1 their ,society is    
dissolved1 or divided in ,nature4 ,but  
this is to be noted1 ,that some         
,creatures are sooner produced and      
perfected1 than others2 and again1 some 
,creatures are sooner decayed1 or       
dissolved4     ,,chap4 ,,iii4 ,of       
,productions in general4   ,there are so
 many different composed ,parts1 and so 
much of variety of ,action in every     
several ,part of one ,creature1 as 'tis 
impossible for ,human ,perception to    
perceive them2 nay1 not every ,corporeal
 ,motion of one ,creature1 doth perceive
 all the varieties of the same ,society2
 and1 by the several actions1 not only  
of several ,parts1 but of one and the   
same ,parts1 cause such obscurity1 as   
not any ,creature can tell1 not only how
 they were produced1 but1 not how they  
consist3 ,but1 by reason every ,part    
knows his own ,work1 there is ,order and

 ,method3 ,for example1 ,in a ,human    
,creature1 those ,parts that produce1 or
 nourish the ,bones1 those of the       
,sinews1 those of the ,veins1 those of  
the ,flesh1 those of the ,brains1 and   
the like1 know all their several ,works1
 and consider not each several composed 
,part1 but what belongs to themselves2  
the like1 ,i believe1 in ,vegetables1   
,minerals1 or ,elements4 ,but mistake me
 not2 for1 ,i do not say1 those         
,corporeal ,motions in those            
particulars1 are bound to those         
particular ,works1 as1 that they cannot 
change1 or alter their actions if they  
will1 and many times do3 as some        
,creatures dissolve before they are     
perfect1 or quite finished2 and some as 
soon as finished2 and some after some   
short time after they are finished2 and 
some continue long1 as we may perceive  
by many ,creatures that dye1 which ,i   
name ,dissolving in several ,ages2 but1 
untimely ,dissolutions1 proceed rather  
from some particular ,irregularities of 

some particular ,parts1 than by a       
general ,agreement4     ,,chap4 ,,iv4   
,of ,productions in general4   ,the     
,reason that all ,creatures are produced
 by the ways of ,production1 as one     
,creature to be composed out of other   
,creatures1 is1 ,that ,nature is but one
 ,matter1 and that all her ,parts are   
united as one ,material ,body1 having no
 ,additions1 or ,diminutions2 no new    
,creations1 or ,annihilations3 ,but1    
were not ,nature one and the same1 but  
that her ,parts were of different       
natures2 yet1 ,creatures must be        
produced by ,creatures1 that is1        
,composed ,figures1 as a ,beast1 a      
,tree1 a ,stone1 ,water1 c4 must be     
composed of ,parts1 not a single ,part3 
for1 a single ,part cannot produce      
composed ,figures2 nor can a single     
,part produce another single ,part2 for1
 ,matter cannot create ,matter2 nor can 
one ,part produce another ,part out of  
it self3 ,wherefore1 all ,natural       
,creatures are produced by the consent  

and agreement of many ,self-moving      
,parts1 or ,corporeal ,motions1 which   
work to a particular ,design1 as to     
associate into particular kinds and     
sorts of ,creatures4     ,,chap4 ,v4 ,of
 ,productions in general4   ,as ,i said 
in my former ,chapter1 ,that all        
,creatures are produced1 or composed by 
the agreement and consent of particular 
,parts2 yet some ,creatures are composed
 of more1 and some of fewer ,parts3     
neither are all ,creatures produced1 or 
composed after one and the same manner2 
but some after one manner1 and some     
after another manner3 ,indeed1 there are
 divers manners of ,productions1 both of
 those we name ,natural1 and those we   
name ,artificial2 but ,i only treat of  
,natural ,productions1 which are so     
various1 that it is a wonder if any two 
,creatures are just alike2 by which we  
may perceive1 that not only in several  
kinds and sorts1 but in ,particulars of 
every kind1 or sort1 there is some      
difference1 so as to be distinguished   

from each other1 and yet the species of 
some ,creatures are like to their kind1 
and sort1 but not all2 and the reason   
that most ,creatures are in ,species1   
according to their sort1 and kind1 is   
not only1 that ,nature's ,wisdom orders 
and regulates her ,corporeal ,figurative
 ,motions1 into kinds and sorts of      
,societies and ,conjunctions2 but1 those
 ,societies cause a perceptive          
,acquaintance1 and an united ,love1 and 
good liking of the ,compositions1 or    
,productions3 and not only a love to    
their ,figurative ,compositions1 but to 
all that are of the same sort1 or kind2 
and especially1 their being accustom'd  
to actions proper to their ,figurative  
,compositions1 is the cause that those  
,parts1 that divide from the ,producers1
 begin a new ,society1 and1 by degrees1 
produce the like ,creature2 which is the
 cause that ,animals and ,vegetables    
produce according to their likeness4    
,the same may be amongst ,minerals and  
,elements1 for all we can know4 ,but    

yet1 some ,creatures of one and the same
 sort1 are not produced after one and   
the same manner3 ,as for example1 ,one  
and the same sort of ,vegetables1 may be
 produced after several manners1 and    
yet1 in the effect1 be the same1 as when
 ,vegetables are sowed1 planted1        
engrafted2 as also1 ,seeds1 ,roots1 and 
the like1 they are several manners1 or  
ways of ,productions1 and yet will      
produce the same sort of ,vegetable3    
but1 there will be much alterations in  
replanting1 which is occasioned by the  
change of associating ,parts1 and       
,parties2 but as for the several        
,productions  of several kinds and      
sorts1 they are very different2 as for  
example1 ,animals are not produced as   
,vegetables1 or ,vegetables as          
,minerals1 nor ,minerals as any of the  
rest3 ,nor are all ,animals produced    
alike1 nor ,minerals1 or ,vegetables2   
but after many different manners1 or    
ways4 ,neither are all ,productions like
 their ,producers2 for1 some are so far 

from resembling their ,figurative       
,society1 that they produce another     
kind1 or sort of ,composed ,figures2 as 
for example1 ,maggots out of ,cheese1   
other ,worms out of ,roots1 ,fruits1 and
 the like3 but these sorts of           
,creatures1 ,man names ,insects2 but yet
 they are ,animal ,creatures1 as well as
 others4     ,,chap4 ,,vi4 ,of          
,productions in general4   ,all         
,creatures are ,produced1 and           
,producers2 and all these ,productions  
partake more or less of the ,producers2 
and are necessitated so to do1 because  
there cannot be any thing ,new in       
,nature3 for1 whatsoever is produced1 is
 of the same ,matter2 nay1 every        
particular ,creature hath its particular
 ,parts3 for1 not any one ,creature can 
be produced of any other ,parts than    
what produced it2 neither can the same  
,producer produce one and the same      
double1 7as ,i may say to express my    
self37 for1 though the same ,producers  
may produce the like1 yet not the same3 

for1 every thing produced1 hath its own 
,corporeal ,figurative ,motions2 but    
this might be1 if ,nature was not so    
full of variety3 for1 if all those      
,corporeal ,motions1 or ,self-moving    
,parts1 did associate in the like       
manner1 and were the very same ,parts1  
and move in the very same manner2 the   
same ,production1 or ,creature1 might be
 produced after it was dissolved2 but1  
by reason the ,self-moving ,parts of    
,nature are always dividing and         
composing from1 and to ,parts1 it would 
be very difficult1 if not impossible4   
,,chap4 ,,vii4 ,of ,productions in      
general4   ,as there are ,productions1  
or ,compositions1 made by the ,sensitive
 ,corporeal ,motions1 so there are of   
the ,rational ,corporeal ,motions1 which
 are ,composed ,figures of the ,mind3   
,and the reason the ,rational           
,productions are more various1 as also  
more numerous1 is1 ,that the ,rational  
is more loose1 free1 and so more agil   
than the ,sensitive2 which is also the  

reason that the ,rational ,productions  
require not such degrees of ,time1 as   
the ,sensitive4 ,but ,i shall treat more
 upon this ,subject1 when ,i treat of   
that ,animal we name ,,man4     ,,chap4 
,,vii4 ,lastly1 ,of ,productions in     
general4   ,though all ,creatures are   
made by the several ,associations of    
,self-moving ,parts1 or 7as the ,learned
 name them7 ,corporeal ,motions2 yet1   
there are infinite varieties of         
,corporeal ,figurative ,motions1 and so 
infinite several manners and ways of    
,productions2 as also1 infinite         
varieties of ,figurative ,motions in    
every produced ,creature3 ,also1 there  
is variety in the difference of ,time1  
of several ,productions1 and of their   
,consistency and ,dissolution3 for1 some
 ,creatures are produced in few ,hours1 
others not in many ,years4 ,again1 some 
continue not a ,day2 others1 numbers of 
,years4 ,but this is to be noted1 ,that 
according to the ,regularity1 or        
,irregularity of the ,associating       

,motions1 their ,productions are more or
 less perfect4 ,also1 this is to be     
noted1 ,that there are ,rational        
,productions1 as well as ,sensitive3    
for1 though all ,creatures are composed 
both of ,sensitive and ,rational ,parts1
 yet the ,rational ,parts move after    
another manner4     ,,chap4 ,,viii4     
,productions must partake of some ,parts
 of their ,producers4   ,no ,animal1 or 
,vegetable1 could be produced1 but by   
such1 or such particular ,producers2    
neither could an ,animal1 or ,vegetable1
 be produced without some ,corporeal    
,motions of their ,producers2 that is1  
some of the ,producers ,self-moving     
,parts2 otherwise the like ,actions     
might produce1 not only the like        
,creatures1 but the same ,creatures1    
which is impossible3 ,wherefore1 the    
things produced1 are part of the        
,producers2 for1 no particular ,creature
 could be produced1 but by such         
particular ,producers4 ,but this is to  
be noted1 ,that all sorts of ,creatures 

are produced by more1 or fewer1         
,producers4 ,also1 the first ,producers 
are but the first ,founders of the      
things produced1 but not the only       
,builders3 for1 there are many several  
sorts of ,corporeal ,motions1 that are  
the ,builders2 for1 no ,creature can    
subsist1 or consist1 by it self1 but    
must assist1 and be assisted3 ,yet1     
there are some differences in all       
,productions1 although of the same      
,producers2 otherwise all the           
,off-springs of one and the same        
,producer1 would be alike3 ,and though1 
sometimes1 their several ,off-springs   
may be so alike1 as hardly to be        
distinguished2 yet1 that is so seldom1  
as it appears as a wonder2 but there is 
a property in all ,productions1 as1 for 
the ,produced to belong as a ,right and 
,property to the ,producer4     ,,chap4 
,,ix4 ,of ,resemblances of several      
,off-springs1 or ,producers4   ,there   
are numerous kinds and sorts of         
,productions1 and infinite manners and  

ways1 in the actions of ,productions2   
which is the cause that the ,off-springs
 of the same ,producers1 are not so just
 alike1 but that they are               
distinguishable2 but yet there may not  
only be resemblances between particular 
,off-springs of the same ,producers1 as 
also of the same sort2 but1 of different
 sorts of ,creatures3 but the ,actions  
of all ,productions that are according  
to their own ,species1 are ,imitating   
,actions1 but not ,bare ,imitations1 as 
by an ,incorporeal ,motion2 for if so1  
then a covetous ,woman1 that loves      
,gold1 might produce a ,wedg of ,gold   
instead of a ,child2 also1 ,virgins     
might be as ,fruitful as ,married       
,wives4     ,,chap4 ,x4 ,of the ,several
 ,appearances of the ,exterior ,parts of
 ,one ,creature4   ,every altered       
,action of the ,exterior ,parts1 causes 
an altered ,appearance3 ,as for example1
 ,a ,man1 or the like ,creature1 doth   
not appear when he is old1 as when he   
was young2 nor when he is sick1 as when 

he is well in health2 no1 nor when he is
 cold1 as when he is hot4 ,nor do they  
appear in several ,passions alike3 for1 
though ,man can best perceive the       
,alteration of his own ,kind1 or ,sort2 
yet1 other ,creatures have several      
,appearances1 as well as ,man2 some of  
which1 ,man may perceive1 though not    
all1 being of a different sort4 ,and not
 only ,animals1 but ,vegetables1 and    
,elements1 have altered ,appearances1   
and many that are subject to ,man's     
perception4     ,the ,fourth ,part4     
,,chap4 ,i4 ,of ,animal ,productions2   
and of the ,differences between         
,productions1 and ,transformations4   ,i
 understand ,productions to be between  
,particulars2 as1 some particular       
,creatures to produce other particular  
,creatures2 but not to transform from   
one sort of ,creature1 into another sort
 of ,creature1 as ,cheese into ,maggots1
 and ,fruit into ,worms1 c4 which1 in   
some manner1 is like ,metamorphosing4   
,so by ,transformation1 the             

,intellectual ,nature1 as well as the   
,exterior ,form1 is transform'd3        
,whereas ,production transforms only the
 ,exterior ,form1 but not the           
,intellectual ,nature2 which is the     
cause that such ,transformations cannot 
return into their former state2 as a    
,worm to be a ,fruit1 or a ,maggot a    
,cheese again1 as formerly4 ,hence ,i   
perceive1 that all sorts of ,fowls are  
partly ,produced1 and partly            
,transformed3 for1 though an ,egg be    
produced1 yet a ,chicken is but a       
,transformed ,egg4     ,,chap4 ,,ii4 ,of
 different ,figurative ,motions in      
,,man's ,production4   ,all ,creatures  
are produced by ,degrees2 which proves1 
,that not any ,creature is produced1 in 
perfection1 by one ,act1 or ,figurative 
,motion3 for1 though the ,producers are 
the first ,founders1 yet not the        
,builders4 ,but1 as for ,animal         
,creatures1 there be some sorts that are
 composed of many different ,figurative 
,motions2 amongst which sorts1 is       

,mankind1 who has very different        
,figurative ,parts1 as ,bones1 ,sinews1 
,nerves1 ,muscles1 ,veins1 ,flesh1      
,skin1 and ,marrow1 ,blood1 ,choler1    
,flegm1 ,melancholy1 and the like2 also1
 ,head1 ,breast1 ,neck1 ,arms1 ,hands1  
,body1 ,belly1 ,thighs1 ,leggs1 ,feet1  
c4 also1 ,brains1 ,lungs1 ,stomack1     
,heart1 ,liver1 ,midriff1 ,kidnies1     
,bladder1 ,guts1 and the like2 and all  
these have several actions1 yet all     
agree as one1 according to the property 
of that sort of ,creature named ,,man4  
,,chap4 ,,iii4 ,of the ,quickning of a  
,child1 or any other sort of ,animal    
,creatures4  ,the ,reason that a ,woman1
 or such like ,animal1 doth not feel her
 ,child so soon as it is produced1 is1  
,that the ,child cannot have an ,animal 
,motion1 until it hath an ,animal       
,nature1 that is1 until it be perfectly 
an ,animal ,creature2 and as soon as it 
is a perfect ,child1 she feels it to    
move1 according to its nature3 but it is
 only the ,sensitive ,parts of the      

,child that are felt by the ,mother1 not
 the ,rational2 because those ,parts are
 as the ,designers1 not the ,builders2  
and therefore1 being not the ,labouring 
,parts1 are not the ,sensible ,parts4   
,but it is to be noted1 ,that1 according
 to the ,regularity1 or ,irregularity of
 the ,figurative ,motions1 the ,child is
 well shaped1 or strongmishaped_/strong4
     ,,chap4 ,,iv4 ,of the ,birth of a  
,child4   ,the reason why a ,child1 or  
such like ,animal ,creature1 stays no   
longer in the ,mother's ,body1 than to  
such a certain ,time1 is1 ,that a ,child
 is not ,perfect before that time1 and  
would be too big after that time2 and so
 big1 that it would not have room       
enough2 and therefore it strives and    
labours for liberty4     ,,chap4 ,v4 ,of
 ,mischances1 or ,miscarriages of       
,breeding ,creatures4   ,when a ,mare1  
,doe1 ,hind1 or the like ,animal1 cast  
their ,young1 or a ,woman miscarries of 
her ,child1 the ,mischance proceeds     
either through the ,irregularities of   

the ,corporeal ,motions1 or ,parts of   
the ,child2 or through some             
,irregularity of the ,parts of the      
,mother2 or else of both ,mother and    
,child4 ,if the ,irregularities be of   
the ,parts of the ,child1 those ,parts  
divide from the ,mother1 through their  
,irregularity3 but1 if the ,irregularity
 be in the ,parts of the ,mother1 then  
the ,mother divides in some manner from 
the ,child2 and if there be a distemper 
in both of them1 the ,child and ,mother 
divide from each other3 but1 such       
,mischances are at different times1 some
 sooner1 and some later4 ,as for false  
,conceptions1 they are occasioned       
through the ,irregularities of          
,conception4     ,,chap4 ,,vi4 ,of the  
,encrease of ,growth1 and ,strength of  
,mankind1 or such like ,creatures4      
,the reason most ,animals1 especially   
,human ,creatures1 are weak whilst they 
are ,infants1 and that their ,strength  
and ,growth encreases by degrees1 is1   
,that a ,child hath not so many ,parts1 

as when he is a ,youth2 nor so many     
,parts when he is a ,youth1 as when he  
is a ,man3 for1 after the ,child is     
parted from the ,mother1 it is nourished
 by other ,creatures1 as the ,mother    
was1 and the ,child by the ,mother2 and 
according as the nourishing ,parts be   
,regular1 or ,irregular1 so is the      
,child1 ,youth1 or ,man1 weaker1 or     
stronger2 healthful1 or diseased2 and   
when the ,figurative ,motions move 7as  
,i may say for expression sake7         
curiously1 the ,body is neatly shaped1  
and is1 as we say1 beautiful4 ,but this 
is to be noted1 ,that 'tis not          
,greatness1 or ,bulk of ,body1 makes a  
,body perfect2 for1 there are several   
sizes of every sort1 or kind of         
,creatures2 as also1 in every particular
 kind1 or sort2 and every several size  
may be as perfect1 one1 as the other3   
,but1 ,i mean the ,number of ,parts1    
according to the proper size4           
,,chap4 ,,vii4 ,of the several          
,properties of the several ,exterior    

,shapes of several sorts of ,animals4   
,the several ,exterior ,shapes of       
,creatures1 cause several ,properties1  
as ,running1 ,jumping1 ,hopping1        
,leaping1 ,climbing1 ,galloping1        
,trotting1 ,ambling1 ,turning1 ,winding1
 and ,rowling2 also ,creeping1          
,crawling1 ,flying1 ,soaring or         
,towring2 ,swimming1 ,diving1 ,digging1 
,stinging or ,piercing2 ,pressing1      
,spinning1 ,weaving1 ,twisting1         
,printing1 ,carving1 ,breaking1         
,drawing1 ,driving1 ,bearing1 ,carrying1
 ,holding1 ,griping or ,grasping1       
,infolding1 and ,millions of the like4  
,also1 the ,exterior ,shapes cause      
,defences1 as ,horns1 ,claws1 ,teeth1   
,bills1 ,talons1 ,finns1 c4 ,likewise1  
the ,exterior ,shapes cause ,offences1  
and give ,offences3 ,as also1 the       
different sorts of ,exterior ,shapes1   
cause different ,exterior ,perceptions4 
,,chap4 ,,viii4 ,of the ,dividing and   
,uniting ,parts of a particular         
,creature4   ,those ,parts 7as ,i have  

said7 that were the ,first ,founders of 
an ,animal1 or other sort of ,creature1 
may not be constant ,inhabitants3 for1  
though  the ,society may remain1 the    
particular ,parts may remove3 ,also1 all
 particular ,societies of one kind1 or  
sort1 may not continue the like time2   
but some may dissolve sooner than       
others4 ,also1 some alter by degrees1   
others of a sudden2 but1 of those       
,societies that continue1 the particular
 ,parts remove1 and other particular    
,parts unite2 so1 as some ,parts were of
 the ,society1 so some other ,parts are 
of the ,society1 and will be of the     
,society3 ,but1 when the ,form1 ,frame1 
and ,order of the ,society begins to    
alter1 then that particular ,creature   
begins to decay4 ,but this is to be     
noted1 ,that those particular ,creatures
 that dye in their ,childhood1 or       
,youth1 were never a full and regular   
,society2 and the dissolving of a       
,society1 whether it be a ,full1 or but 
a ,forming ,society1 ,man names ,,death4

 ,also1 this is to be noted1 ,that the  
,nourishing ,motion of ,food1 is the    
,uniting ,motion2 and the ,cleansing1 or
 ,evacuating ,motions1 are the ,dividing
 ,corporeal ,motions4 ,likewise it is to
 be noted1 ,that a ,society requires a  
longer time of uniting than of dividing2
 by reason uniting requires assistance  
of ,foreign ,parts1 whereas dividings   
are only a dividing of home-,parts4     
,also1 a particular ,creature1 or       
,society1 is longer in dividing its     
,parts1 than in altering its ,actions2  
because a ,dispersing ,action is        
required in ,division1 but not in       
,alteration of ,actions4       ,the     
,fifth ,part4     ,,chap4 ,i4 ,of ,,man4
   ,now ,i have discoursed1 in the      
former ,parts1 after a general manner1  
of ,animals3 ,i will1 in the following  
,chapters1 speak more particularly of   
that sort we name ,mankind2 who believe 
7being ignorant of the ,nature of other 
,creatures7 that they are the most      
knowing of all ,creatures2 and yet a    

whole ,man 7as ,i may say for           
expression-sake7 doth not know all the  
,figurative ,motions belonging either to
 his ,mind1 or ,body3 for1 he doth not  
generally know every particular ,action 
of his ,corporeal ,motions1 as1 ,how he 
was framed1 or formed1 or perfected4    
,nor doth he know every particular      
,motion that occasions his present      
,consistence1  or ,being3 ,nor every    
particular ,digestive1 or ,nourishing   
,motion3 ,nor1 when he is sick1 the     
particular ,irregular ,motion that      
causes his ,sickness4 ,nor do the       
,rational ,motions in the ,head1 know   
always the ,figurative ,actions of those
 of the ,heel4 ,in short1 7as ,i said7  
,man doth not generally know every      
particular ,part1 or ,corporeal ,motion1
 either of ,mind1 or ,body3 ,which      
proves1 ,man's ,natural ,soul is not    
inalterable1 or individable1 and        
uncompoundable4     ,,chap4 ,,ii4 ,of   
the variety of ,man's ,natural ,motions4
   ,there is abundance of varieties of  

,figurative ,motions in ,man3 ,as1      
first1 ,there are several ,figurative   
,motions of the ,form and ,frame of     
,man1 as of his ,innate1 ,interior1 and 
,exterior ,figurative ,parts4 ,also1    
there are several ,figures of his       
several ,perceptions1 ,conceptions1     
,appetite1 ,digestions1 ,reparations1   
and the like4 ,there are also several   
,figures of several ,postures of his    
several ,parts2 and a difference of his 
,figurative ,motions1 or ,parts1 from   
other ,creatures2 all which are         
,numberless3 ,and yet all these         
different ,actions are proper to the    
,nature of ,,man4     ,,chap4 ,,iii4 ,of
 ,man's ,shape and ,speech4   ,the      
,shape of ,man's ,sensitive ,body1 is1  
in some manner1 of a mixt ,form3 but1 he
 is singular in this1 ,that he is of an 
upright and straight ,shape2 of which1  
no other ,animal but ,man is3 which     
,shape makes him not only fit1 proper1  
easie and free1 for all exterior        
actions2 but also for ,speech3 for being

 streight1 as in a straight and direct  
,line from the ,head to the ,feet1 so as
 his ,nose1 ,mouth1 ,throat1 ,neck1     
,chest1 ,stomack1 ,belly1 ,thighs1 and  
,leggs1 are from a straight ,line3 also1
 his ,organ-,pipes1 ,nerves1 ,sinews1   
and ,joynts1 are in a straight and equal
 posture to each other2 which is the    
cause1 ,man's ,tongue1 and ,organs1 are 
more apt for ,speech than those of any  
other ,creature2 which makes him more   
apt to imitate any other ,creature's    
,voyces1 or ,sounds3 ,whereas other     
,animal ,creatures1 by reason of their  
bending ,shapes1 and crooked ,organs1   
are not apt for ,speech2 neither 7in my 
,opinion7 have other ,animals so        
melodious a ,sound1 or ,voice1 as ,man3 
for1 though some sorts of ,birds ,voices
 are sweet1 yet they are weak1 and      
faint2 and ,beasts ,voices are harsh1   
and rude3 but of all other ,animals1    
besides ,man1 ,birds are the most apt   
for ,speech2 by reason they are more of 
an upright shape1 than ,beasts1 or any  

other sorts of ,animal ,creatures1 as   
,fish1 and the like2 for1 ,birds are of 
a straight and upright shape1 as from   
their ,breasts1 to their ,heads2 but1   
being not so straight as ,man2 causes   
,birds to speak uneasily1 and           
constrainedly3 ,man's shape is so       
ingeniously contrived1 that he is fit   
and proper for more several sorts of    
exterior actions1 than any other ,animal
 ,creature2 which is the cause he seems 
as ,lord and ,sovereign of other ,animal
 ,creatures4     ,,chap4 ,,iv4 ,of the  
several ,figurative ,parts of ,human    
,creatures4   ,the manner of ,man's     
,composition1 or ,form1 is of different 
,figurative ,parts2 whereof some of     
those ,parts seem the ,supreme1 or 7as  
,i may say7 ,fundamental ,parts2 as the 
,head1 ,chest1 ,lungs1 ,stomack1 ,heart1
 ,liver1 ,spleen1 ,bowels1 ,reins1      
,kidnies1 ,gaul1 and many more3 also1   
those ,parts have other ,figurative     
,parts belonging or adjoining to them1  
as the ,head1 ,scull1 ,brains1          

,pia-mater1 ,dura-mater1 ,forehead1     
,nose1 ,eyes1 ,cheeks1 ,ears1 ,mouth1   
,tongue1 and several ,figurative ,parts 
belonging to those2 so of the rest of   
the ,parts1 as the ,arms1 ,hands1       
,fingers1 ,leggs1 ,feet1 ,toes1 and the 
like3 all which different ,parts1 have  
different sorts of ,perceptions2 and yet
 7as ,i formerly said7 their            
,perceptions are united3 for1 though all
 the ,parts of the ,human ,body have    
different ,perceptions2 yet those       
different perceptions unite in a general
 ,perception1 both for the ,subsistence1
 ,consistence1 and use of the ,whole    
,man3 but1 concerning ,particulars1 not 
only the several composed ,figurative   
,parts1 have several sorts of           
,perceptions2 but every ,part hath      
variety of ,perceptions1 occasioned by  
variety of ,objects4     ,,chap4 ,v4 ,of
 the several ,perceptions amongst the   
several ,parts of ,,man4   ,there being 
infinite several ,corporeal ,figurative 
,motions1 or ,actions of ,nature1 there 

must of necessity be infinite several   
,self-knowledges and ,perceptions3 but  
,i shall only1 in this ,part of my      
,book1 treat of the ,perception proper  
to ,mankind3 ,and first1 of the several 
and different ,perceptions1 proper for  
the several and different ,parts3 for1  
though every ,part and ,particle of a   
,man's ,body1 is perceptive2 yet1 every 
particular ,part of a ,man1 is not      
generally perceived2 for1 the ,interior 
,parts do not generally perceive the    
,exterior2 nor the ,exterior1 generally 
or perfectly1 the ,interior2 and yet1   
both ,interior and ,exterior ,corporeal 
,motions1 agree as one ,society2 for1   
every ,part1 or ,corporeal ,motion1     
knows its own ,office2 like as ,officers
 in a ,common-wealth1 although they may 
not be acquainted with each other1 yet  
they know their ,employments3 ,so every 
particular ,man in a ,common-wealth1    
knows his own ,employment1 although he  
knows not every ,man in the             
,common-wealth4 ,the same do the ,parts 

of a ,man's ,body1 and ,mind4 ,but1 if  
there be any ,irregularity1 or ,disorder
 in a ,common-wealth1 every ,particular 
is disturbed1 perceiving a ,disorder in 
the ,common-wealth4 ,the same amongst   
the ,parts of a ,man's ,body2 and yet   
many of those ,parts do not know the    
particular ,cause of that general       
,disturbance4 ,as for the ,disorders1   
they may proceed from some              
,irregularities2 but for ,peace1 there  
must be a general ,agreement1 that is1  
every ,part must be ,regular4           
,,chap4 ,,vi4 ,of ,divided and ,composed
 ,perceptions4   ,as ,i have formerly   
said1 ,there is in ,nature both ,divided
 and ,composed ,perceptions2 and for    
proof1 ,i will mention ,man's ,exterior 
,perceptions2 ,as for example1 ,man hath
 a ,composed ,perception of ,seeing1    
,hearing1 ,smelling1 ,tasting1 and      
,touching2 whereof every several sort is
 composed1 though after different       
manners1 or ways2 and yet are divided1  
being several sorts of ,perceptions1 and

 not all one ,perception4 ,yet again1   
they are all ,composed1 being united as 
proper ,perceptions of one ,man2 and not
 only so1 but united to perceive the    
different ,parts of one ,object3 for1 as
 ,perceptions are composed of ,parts1 so
 are ,objects2 and as there are         
different ,objects1 so there are        
different ,perceptions2 but it is not   
possible for a ,man to know all the     
several sorts of ,perceptions proper to 
every ,composed ,part of his ,body or   
,mind1 much less of others4     ,,chap4 
,,vii4 ,of the ,ignorances of the       
several ,perceptive ,organs4   ,as ,i   
said1 ,that every several composed      
,perception1 was united to the proper   
use of their whole ,society1 as one     
,man2 yet1 every several ,perceptive    
,organ of ,man is ignorant of each      
other2 as the ,perception of ,sight is  
ignorant of that of ,hearing2 the       
,perception of ,hearing1 is ignorant of 
the ,perception of ,seeing2 and the     
,perception of ,smelling is ignorant of 

the ,perceptions of the other two1 and  
those of ,scent1 and the same of        
,tasting1 and ,touching3 ,also1 every   
,perception of every particular ,organ1 
is different2 but some sorts of ,human  
,perceptions require some distance      
between them and the ,object3 ,as for   
example1 ,the ,perception of ,sight     
requires certain ,distances1 as also    
,magnitudes2 whereas the ,perception of 
,touch requires a ,joyning-,object1 or  
,part4 ,but this is to be noted1 ,that  
although these several ,organs are not  
perfectly1 or throughly acquainted2 yet 
in the ,perception of the several parts 
of one ,object1 they do all agree to    
make their several ,perceptions1 as it  
were by one ,act1 at one point of time4 
,,chap4 ,,viii4 ,of the particular and  
general ,perceptions of the ,exterior   
,parts of ,human ,creatures4  ,there is 
amongst the ,exterior ,perceptions of   
,human ,creatures1 both particular sorts
 of ,perceptions1 and general           
,perceptions3 ,for1 though none of the  

,exterior ,parts1 or ,organs1 have the  
sense of ,seeing1 but the ,eyes2 of     
,hearing1 but the ,ears2 of ,smelling1  
but the ,nose2 of ,tasting1 but the     
,mouth3 yet all the ,exterior ,parts    
have the ,perception of ,touching2 and  
the reason is1 ,that all the ,exterior  
,parts are full of pores1 or at least1  
of such composed ,parts1 that are the   
sensible ,organs of ,touching3 yet1     
those several ,parts have several       
,touches2 not only because they have    
several ,parts1 but because those       
,organs of ,touching1 are differently   
composed4 ,but this is to be noted1     
,that every several part hath perception
 of the other parts of their ,society1  
as they have of ,foreign parts2 and1 as 
the ,sensitive1 so the ,rational parts  
have such particular and general        
perceptions4 ,but it is to be noted1    
,that the ,rational parts1 are parts of 
the same ,organs4     ,,chap4 ,,ix4 ,of 
the ,exterior ,sensitive ,organs of     
,human ,creatures4   ,as for the manner1

 or ways1 of all the several sorts1 and 
particular perceptions1 made by the     
different composed parts of ,human      
,creatures2 it is impossible1 for a     
,human ,creature1 to know any otherwise1
 but in part3 for1 being composed of    
parts1 into ,parties1 he can have but a 
parted knowledg1 and a parted perception
 of himself3 for1 every different       
composed part of his ,body1 have        
different sorts of ,self-knowledg1 as   
also1 different sorts of ,perceptions2  
but yet1 the manner and way of some     
,human ,perceptions1 may probably be    
imagined1 especially those of the       
exterior parts1 ,man names the          
,sensitive ,organs2 which ,parts 7in my 
opinion7 have their perceptive actions1 
after the manner of patterning1 or      
picturing the exterior ,form1 or ,frame1
 of ,foreign ,objects3 ,as for example1 
,the present ,object is a ,candle2 the  
,human ,organ of ,sight pictures the    
,flame1 ,light1 ,week1 or ,snuff1 the   
,tallow1 the ,colour1 and the dimension 

of the ,candle2 the ,ear patterns out   
the sparkling noise2 the ,nose patterns 
out the scent of the ,candle2 and the   
,tongue may pattern out the tast of the 
,candle3 but1 so soon as the ,object is 
removed1 the figure of the ,candle is   
altered into the present ,object1 or as 
much of one present ,object1 as is      
subject to ,human ,perception4 ,thus the
 several parts or properties1 may be    
patterned out by the several ,organs4   
,also1 every altered action1 of one and 
the same ,organ1 are altered            
,perceptions2 so as there may be numbers
 of several pictures or ,patterns made  
by the ,sensitive ,actions of one       
,organ2 ,i will not say1 by one act2 yet
 there may be much variety in one       
action4 ,but this is to be noted1 ,that 
the ,object is not the cause of         
,perception1 but is only the occasion3  
for1 the ,sensitive ,organs can make    
such like figurative actions1 were there
 no ,object present2 which proves1 that 
the ,object is not the ,cause of the    

,perception4 ,also1 when as the         
,sensitive parts of the ,sensitive      
,organs1 are ,irregular1 they will make 
false perceptions of present ,objects2  
wherefore the ,object is not the ,cause4
 ,but one thing ,i desire1 not to be    
mistaken in2 for ,i do not say1 that all
 the parts belonging to any of the      
particular ,organs1 move only in one    
sort or kind of perception2 but ,i say1 
,some of the parts of the ,organ1 move  
to such1 or such perception3 for1 all   
the actions of the ,ears1 are not only  
hearing2 and all the actions of the     
,eye1 seeing2 and all the actions of the
 ,nose1 smelling2 and all the actions of
 the ,mouth1 tasting2 but1 they have    
other sorts of actions3 yet1 all the    
sorts of every ,organ1 are according to 
the property of their figurative        
,composition4     ,,chap4 ,x4 ,of the   
,rational ,parts of the ,human ,organs4 
,as for the ,rational parts of the      
,human ,organs1 they move according to  
the ,sensitive parts1 which is1 to move 

according to the ,figures of ,foreign   
,objects2 and their actions are 7if     
,regular7 at the same point of time1    
with the ,sensitive3 but1 though their  
,actions are alike1 yet there is a      
difference in their ,degree2 for1 the   
figure of an ,object in the ,mind1 is   
far more pure than the figure in the    
,sense4 ,but1 to prove that the         
,rational 7if ,regular7 moves with the  
,sense1 is1 ,that all the several       
,sensitive perceptions of the ,sensitive
 ,organs1 7as all the several ,sights1  
,sounds1 ,scents1 ,tasts1 and ,touches7 
are thoughts of the same4     ,,chap4   
,,xi4 ,of the difference between the    
,human ,conception1 and ,perception4    
,there are some differences between     
,perception1 and ,conception3 for1      
,perception doth properly belong to     
present ,objects2 whereas ,conceptions  
have no such strict dependency3 ,but1   
,conceptions are not proper to the      
,sensitive ,organs1 or parts of a ,human
 ,creature2 wherefore1 the ,sensitive   

never move in the manner of ,conception1
 but after an irregular manner2 as when 
a ,human ,creature is in some violent   
,passion1 ,mad1 ,weak1 or the like      
,distempers4 ,but this is to be noted1  
,that all sorts of ,fancies1            
,imaginations1 c4 whether ,sensitive1 or
 ,rational1 are after the manner of     
,conceptions1 that is1 do move by ,rote1
 and not by ,example4 ,also1 it is to be
 noted1 ,that the ,rational parts can   
move in more various ,figurative        
,actions than the ,sensitive2 which is  
the cause that a ,human ,creature hath  
more ,conceptions than ,perceptions2 so 
that the ,mind can please it self with  
more variety of ,thoughts than the      
,sensitive with variety of ,objects3 for
 variety of ,objects consists of        
,foreign ,parts2 whereas variety of     
,conceptions consists only of their own 
,parts3 ,also1 the ,sensitive ,parts are
 sooner satisfied with the perception of
 particular ,objects1 than the ,mind    
with particular ,remembrances4          

,,chap4 ,,xii4 ,of the ,several         
,varieties of ,actions of ,human        
,creatures4   ,to speak of all the      
,several ,actions of the ,sensitive and 
,rational parts of one ,creature1 is not
 possible1 being numberless3 but1 some  
of those that are most notable1 ,i will 
mention1 as1 ,respirations1 ,digestions1
 ,nourishments1 ,appetites1 ,satiety1   
,aversions1 ,conceptions1 ,opinions1    
,fancies1 ,passions1 ,memory1           
,remembrance1 ,reasoning1 ,examining1   
,considering1 ,observing1               
,distinguishing1 ,contriving1 ,arguing1 
,approving1 ,disapproving1 ,discoveries1
 ,arts1 ,sciences4 ,the ,exterior       
,actions are1 ,walking1 ,running1       
,dancing1 ,turning1 ,tumbling1 ,bearing1
 ,carrying1 ,holding1 ,striking1        
,trembling1 ,sighing1 ,groaning1        
,weeping1 ,frowning1 ,laughing1         
,speaking1 ,singing and ,whistling3 ,as 
for ,postures1 they cannot be well      
described2 only1 ,standing1 ,sitting1   
and ,lying4     ,,chap4 ,,xiii4 ,of the 

manner of ,information between the      
,rational and ,sensitive ,parts4   ,the 
manner of ,information amongst the      
,self-moving ,parts of a ,human         
,creature1 is after divers and several  
manners1 or ways1 amongst the several   
parts3 but1 the manner of ,information  
between the ,sensitive and ,rational    
parts1 is1 for the most part1 by        
,imitation2 as1 imitating each other's  
actions3 ,as for example1 ,the ,rational
 parts invent some ,sciences2 the       
,sensitive endeavour to put those       
,sciences into an ,art4 ,if the         
,rational perceive the ,sensitive       
actions are not just1 according to that 
,science1 they inform the ,sensitive2   
then the ,sensitive ,parts endeavour to 
work1 according to the directions of the
 ,rational3 but1 if there be some       
obstruction or hindrance1 then the      
,rational and ,sensitive agree to       
declare their ,design1 and to require   
assistance of other ,associates1 which  
are other ,men2 as also1 other          

,creatures4 ,as for the several ,manners
 and ,informations between ,man and     
,man1 they are so ordinary1 ,i shall not
 need to mention them4     ,,chap4      
,,xiv4 ,of ,irregularities and          
,regularities of the ,self-moving ,parts
 of ,human ,creatures4   ,nature being  
poised1 there must of necessity be      
,irregularities1 as well as             
,regularities1 both of the ,rational and
 ,sensitive parts2 but when the         
,rational are ,irregular1 and the       
,sensitive ,regular1 the ,sensitive     
endeavour to rectifie the ,errors of the
 ,rational4 ,and if the ,sensitive be   
,irregular1 and the ,rational ,regular1 
the ,rational do endeavour to rectifie  
the ,errors of the ,sensitive3 for1 the 
particular parts of a ,society1 are very
 much assistant to each other2 as we may
 observe by the ,exterior parts of      
,human ,bodies2 the ,hands endeavour to 
assist any part in distress2 the ,leggs 
will run1 the ,eyes will watch1 the     
,ears will listen1 for any advantage to 

the ,society2 but when there is a       
general ,irregularity1 then the ,society
 falls to ruine4     ,,chap4 ,,xv4 ,of  
the ,agreeing1 or ,disagreeing1 of the  
,sensitive and ,rational ,parts of      
,human ,creatures4   ,there is1 for the 
most part1 a general agreement between  
the ,rational and ,sensitive ,parts of  
,human ,creatures2 not only in their    
particular1 but general actions2 only   
the ,rational are the ,designing-parts2 
and the ,sensitive1 the ,labouring      
parts3 ,as for proof1 ,the ,mind designs
 to go to such1 or such ,foreign ,parts1
 or ,places2 upon which design the      
,sensitive ,parts will labour to execute
 the ,mind's intention1 so as the whole 
,sensitive ,body labours to go to the   
designed place1 without the ,mind's     
further ,concern3 for1 the ,mind takes  
no notice of every action of the        
,sensitive parts2 neither of those of   
the ,eyes1 ,ears2 or of the ,leggs1 or  
feet2 nor of their perceptions3 for1    
many times1 the ,mind is busied in some 

,conception1 ,imagination1 ,fancy1 or   
the like2 and yet the ,sensitive ,parts 
execute the ,mind's ,design exactly4    
,but1 for better proof1 ,when as the    
,sensitive parts are sick1 weak1 or     
defective1 through some irregularities1 
the ,sensitive parts cannot execute the 
,mind's ,design3 also1 when the         
,sensitive parts are careless1 they oft 
mistake their way2 or when they are     
irregularly opposed1 or busied about    
some ,appetite1 they will not obey the  
,mind's desire2 all which  are different
 degrees of ,parts4 ,but1 as it is      
amongst the particular parts of a       
,society2 so1 many times1 between       
several ,societies2 for1 sometimes1 the 
,sensitive parts of two ,men will take  
no notice of each other3 ,as for        
example1 ,when two men speak together1  
one man regards not what the other says2
 so many times1 the ,sensitive parts    
regard not the ,propositions of the     
,rational2 but then the ,sensitive is   
not perfectly ,regular4     ,,chap4     

,,xvi4 ,of the ,power of the ,rational2 
or rather1 of the ,indulgency of the    
,sensitive4   ,the ,rational ,corporeal 
,motions1 being the purest1 most free1  
and so most active1 have great power    
over the ,sensitive2 as to perswade1 or 
command them to obedience3 ,as for      
example1 ,when a man is studying about  
some ,inventions of ,poetical ,fancies1 
or the like2 though the ,sensitive      
,corporeal ,motions1 in the ,sensitive  
,organs1 desire to desist from          
patterning of ,objects1 and would move  
towards sleep2 yet the ,rational will   
not suffer them1 but causes them to     
work1 viz4 to write1 or to read1 or do  
some other ,labour3 ,also1 when the     
,rational ,mind is merry1 it will cause 
the ,leggs to dance1 the ,organs of the 
,voice to sing1 the ,mouth to speak1 to 
eat1 to drink1 and the like3 ,if the    
,mind moves to sadness1 it causes the   
,eyes to weep1 the ,lungs to sigh1 the  
,mouth to speak words of ,complaint4    
,thus the ,rational ,corporeal ,motions 

of the ,mind1 will occasion the ,senses 
to watch1 to work1 or to sport and play4
 ,but mistake me not2 for ,i do not     
mean1 the ,senses are bound to obey the 
,rational ,designs2 for1 the ,sensitive 
,corporeal ,motions1 have as much       
freedom of ,self-moving1 as the         
,rational3 for1 the ,command of the     
,rational1 and the ,obedience of the    
,sensitive1 is rather an ,agreement1    
than a ,constraint3 for1 in many cases1 
the ,sensitive will not agree1 and so   
not obey3 also1 in many cases1 the      
,rational submits to the ,sensitive3    
also1 the ,rational sometimes will be   
irregular2 and1 on the other side1      
sometimes the ,sensitive will be        
irregular1 and the ,rational regular2   
and sometimes both irregular4           
,,chap4 ,,xvii4 ,of ,human ,appetites   
and ,passions4   ,the ,sensitive        
,appetites1 and the ,rational ,passions 
do so resemble each other1 as they would
 puzzle the most wise ,philosopher to   
distinguish them2 and there is not only 

a ,resemblance1 but1 for the most part1 
a sympathetical ,agreement between the  
,appetites1 and the ,passions2 which    
strong conjunction1 doth often occasion 
disturbances to the whole life of ,man2 
with endless ,desires1 unsatiable       
,appetites1 violent  ,passions1 unquiet 
,humors1 ,grief1 ,pain1 ,sadness1       
,sickness1 and the like2 through which1 
,man seems to be more restless1 than any
 other ,creature3 but1 whether the cause
 be in the ,manner1 or ,form of ,man's  
,composition1 or occasioned by some     
,irregularities2 ,i will leave to those 
who are wiser than ,i1 to judg4 ,but    
this is to be noted1 ,that the more     
,changes and ,alterations the ,rational 
and ,sensitive ,motions make1 the more  
variety of ,passions and ,appetites the 
,man hath3 also1 the quicker the        
,motions are1 the sharper ,appetite1 and
 the quicker ,wit1 ,man hath4 ,but1 as  
all the ,human ,senses are not bound to 
one ,organ2 so all ,knowledges are not  
bound to one ,sense1 no more than all   

the ,parts of ,matter to the composition
 of one particular ,creature3 but1 by   
some of the ,rational and ,sensitive    
actions1 we may perceive the difference 
of some of the ,sensitive and ,rational 
actions2 as1 ,sensitive ,pain1 ,rational
 ,grief2 ,sensitive ,pleasure1 ,rational
 delight2 ,sensitive ,appetite1         
,rational ,desire2 which are            
sympathetical actions of the ,rational  
and ,sensitive ,parts3 ,also1 through   
sympathy1 ,rational ,passions will      
occasion ,sensitive ,appetites2 and     
,appetites1 the like ,passions4         
,,chap4 ,,xviii4 ,of the ,rational      
,actions of the ,head and ,heart of     
,human ,creatures4   ,as ,i formerly    
said1 ,in every ,figurative ,part of a  
,human ,creature1 the ,actions are      
different1 according to the ,property of
 their different ,composers2 so that the
 ,motions of the ,heart are different to
 the ,motions of the ,head1 and of the  
other several ,parts3 but1 as for the   
,motions of the ,head1 they are 7in my  

,opinion7 more after the manner of      
,emboss'd ,figures2 and those of the    
,heart1 more after the manner of ,flat  
,figures2 like ,painting1 ,printing1    
,engraving1 c4 ,for1 if we observe1 the 
,thoughts in our ,heads are different   
from the ,thoughts in our ,hearts4 ,i   
only name these two ,parts1 by reason   
they seem to sympathize1 or to agree1   
more particularly to each other's       
actions1 than some of the other ,parts  
of ,human ,creatures4     ,,chap4 ,,xix4
 ,of ,passions and ,imaginations4       
,some sorts of ,passions seem to be in  
the ,heart2 as1 ,love1 ,hate1 ,grief1   
,joy1 ,fear1 and the like2 and all      
,imaginations1 ,fancies1 ,opinions1     
,inventions1 c4 in the ,head4 ,but1     
mistake me not1 ,i do not say1 that none
 of the other ,parts of a ,man have not 
,passions and ,conceptions3 but1 ,i say1
 they are not after the same manner1 or 
way1 as in the ,heart1 or ,head3 as for 
example1 ,every ,part of a ,man's ,body 
is sensible1 yet not after one and the  

same manner3 for1 every ,part of a      
,man's ,body hath different perceptions1
 as ,i have formerly declared1 and yet  
may agree in general actions3 but1      
unless the several composed ,parts of a 
,human ,creature1 had not several       
perceptive actions1 it were impossible  
to make a general perception1 either    
amongst the several ,parts of their own 
,society1 or of ,foreign ,objects4 ,but1
 it is impossible for me to describe the
 different manners and ways of the      
particular ,parts1 or the different     
actions of any one ,part3 for1 what ,man
 can describe the different perceptive  
actions of that composed ,part1 the     
,eye1 and so of the rest of the ,parts4 
,,chap4 ,,xx4 ,that ,associations1      
,divisions1 and ,alterations1 cause     
several ,effects4   ,the ,rational and  
,sensitive ,corporeal ,motions1 are the 
perceptive ,parts of ,nature2 and that  
which causes acquaintance amongst some  
parts1 is their ,uniting and            
,association3 ,that which loses         

acquaintance of other ,parts1 is their  
,divisions and ,alterations3 for1 as    
,self-compositions cause particular     
,knowledges1 or ,acquaintances3 ,so     
,self-divisions cause particular        
,ignorances1 or ,forgetfulnesses3 for1  
as all kinds and sorts of ,creatures are
 produced1 nourished1 and encreased by  
the ,association of ,parts2 so are all  
kinds and sorts of ,perceptions2 and    
according as their ,associations1 or    
their ,compositions do last1 so doth    
their ,acquaintance2 which is the cause1
 that the ,observations and ,experiences
 of several and particular ,creatures1  
such as ,men1 in several and particular 
,ages1 joyned as into one ,man or ,age1 
causes strong and long-liv'd ,opinions1 
subtile and ingenious ,inventions1 happy
 and profitable ,advantages2 as also1   
probable ,conjectures1 and many ,truths1
 of many ,causes and ,effects3 ,whereas1
 the ,divisions of particular           
,societies1 causes what we name ,death1 
,ignorance1 ,forgetfulness1 ,obscurity  

of particular ,creatures1 and of        
perceptive ,knowledges2 so that as      
particular perceptive ,knowledges do    
alter and change1 so do particular      
,creatures3 for1 though the ,kinds and  
,sorts last1 yet the ,particulars do    
not4     ,,chap4 ,,xxi4 ,of the         
,differences between ,self-,love1 and   
,passionate ,love4   ,self-love1 is like
 ,self-knowledg1 which is an innate     
,nature2 and therefore is not that ,love
 ,man names ,passionate ,love3 for1     
,passionate ,love belongs to several    
,parts2 so that the several parts of one
 ,society1 as one ,creature1 have both  
,passionate ,love1 and ,self-love1 as   
being sympathetically united in one     
,society3 ,also1 not only the ,parts of 
one and the same ,society1 may have     
,passionate ,love to each other2 but1   
between several ,societies2 and not only
 several ,societies of one ,sort1 but of
 different ,sorts4     ,the ,sixth      
,part4     ,,chap4 ,i4 ,of the ,motions 
of some parts of the ,mind2 and of      

,forrein ,objects4   ,notions1          
,imaginations1 ,conceptions1 and the    
like1 are such ,actions of the ,mind1 as
 concern not ,forrein ,objects3 and some
 ,notions1 ,imaginations1 or            
,conceptions of one man1 may be like to 
another man1 or many men4 ,also1 the    
,mind of one man may move in the like   
,figurative ,actions1 as the ,sensitive 
,actions of other sorts of ,creatures2  
and that1 ,man names ,understanding3 and
 if those ,conceptions be afterwards    
produced1 ,man names them ,prudence1 or 
,fore-sight2 but if those ,parts move in
 such ,inventions as are capable to be  
put into ,arts1 ,man names that1        
,ingenuity3 but1 if not capable to be   
put into the practice of ,arts1 ,man    
names it1 ,sciences3 if those ,motions  
be so subtile1 that the ,sensitive      
cannot imitate them1 ,man names them1   
,fancies3 but1 when those ,rational     
,parts move promiscuously1 as partly    
after their own inventions1 and partly  
after the manner of ,forrein or outward 

,objects2 ,man names them1 ,conjectures1
 or ,probabilities3 and when there are  
very many several ,figurative1 ,rational
 ,motions1 then ,man says1 ,the ,mind is
 full of ,thoughts3 when those ,rational
 ,figurative ,motions1 are of many and  
different ,objects1 ,man names them1    
,experiences1 or ,learning3 but1 when   
there are but few different sorts of    
such ,figurative ,motions1 ,man names   
them ,ignorances4     ,,chap4 ,,ii4 ,of 
the ,motions of some ,parts of the      
,mind4   ,when the ,rational ,figurative
 ,corporeal ,motions of an ,human       
,creature1 take no notice of ,forrein   
,objects1 ,man nameth that1 ,musing1 or 
,contemplating4 ,and1 when the ,rational
 ,parts repeat some former ,actions1    
,man names that1 ,remembrances4 ,but1   
when those ,parts alter those           
,repetitions1 ,man names that1          
,forgetfulness4 ,and1 when those        
,rational ,parts move1 according to a   
present ,object1 ,man names it1 ,memory4
 ,and when those ,parts divide in divers

 sorts of ,actions1 ,man names it1      
,arguing1 or ,disputing in the ,mind4   
,and when those divers sorts of ,actions
 are at some strife1 ,man names it1 ,a  
contradicting of himself4 ,and if there 
be a weak strife1 ,man names it1        
,consideration4 ,but1 when those        
different ,figurative ,motions move of  
one accord1 and sympathetically1 this   
,man names1 ,discretion4 ,but1 when     
those different sorts of ,actions move  
sympathetically1 and continue in that   
manner of action1 without any           
alteration1 ,man names it1 ,belief1     
,faith1 or ,obstinacy4 ,and when those  
,parts make often changes1 as altering  
their ,motions1 ,man names it           
,inconstancy4 ,when their ,rational     
,parts move slowly1 orderly1 equally1   
and sympathetically1 ,man names it      
,sobriety4 ,when all the ,parts of the  
,mind move regularly1 and               
sympathetically1 ,man names it1 ,wisdom4
 ,when some ,parts move partly          
regularly1 and partly irregularly1 ,man 

names that1 ,foolishness1 and           
,simplicity4 ,when they move generally  
irregularly1 ,man names it ,madness4    
,,chap4 ,,iii4 ,of the ,motions of      
,human ,passions1 and ,appetites2 as    
also1 of the ,motions of the ,rational  
and ,sensitive ,parts1 towards ,forrein 
,objects4   ,when some of the ,rational 
,parts move sympathetically1 to some of 
the ,sensitive ,perceptions2 and those  
,sensitive ,parts sympathize to the     
,object1 it is ,love4 ,if they move     
antipathetically to the ,object1 it is  
,hate4 ,when those ,rational and        
,sensitive ,motions1 make many and quick
 repetitions of those sympathetical     
actions1 it is ,desire and ,appetite4   
,when those ,parts move variously1 7as  
concerning the ,object7 but yet         
sympathetically 7concerning their own   
,parts7 it is ,inconstancy4 ,when those 
,motions move cross towards the ,object1
 and are perturbed1 it is ,anger4 ,but  
when those perturbed ,motions are in    
confusion1 it is ,fear4 ,when the       

,rational ,motions are partly           
sympathetical1 and partly               
antipathetical1 it is ,hope1 and ,doubt4
 ,and if there be more sympathetical    
,motions than antipathetical1 there is  
more ,hope than ,doubt4 ,if more        
antipathetical than sympathetical1 then 
more ,doubt than ,hope4 ,if those       
,rational ,motions move after a dilating
 manner1 it is ,joy4 ,if after a        
contracting manner1 it is ,grief4 ,when 
those ,parts move partly after a        
contracting1 and partly after an        
attracting manner1 as attracting from   
the ,object1 it is ,covetousness4 ,but1 
if those ,motions are sympathetical to  
the ,object1 and move after a dilating  
manner towards the ,object1 it is       
,generosity4 ,if those ,motions are     
sympathetical to the ,object1 and move  
after the manner of a ,contraction1 it  
is ,pity or ,compassion4 ,if those      
,motions move antipathetically towards  
the ,object1 yet after a dilating       
manner1 it is ,pride4 ,when those       

,motions move sympathetically towards   
the ,object1 after a dilating manner1 it
 is ,admiration4 ,if the dilating       
,action is not extream1 it is only      
,approving4 ,if those ,motions are      
antipathetical towards the ,object1 and 
are after the manner of an extream      
contraction1 it is ,horror4 ,but1 if    
those ,actions are not so extraordinary 
as to be extream1 it is only            
,disapproving1 ,despising1 ,rejecting1  
or ,scorning4 ,if the ,rational ,parts  
move carelesly towards ,forrein         
,objects1 as also partly                
antipathetically1 ,man nameth it1       
,ill-nature4 ,but1 if sympathetically   
and industriously1 ,man nameth it1      
,good-nature4 ,but this is to be noted1 
,that there are many sorts of ,motions  
of one and the same kind2 and many      
several particular ,motions1 of one sort
 of ,motion2 which causes some          
difference in the ,effects3 but1 they   
are so nearly related1 that it requires 
a more subtile ,observation than ,i     

have1 to distinguish them4     ,,chap4  
,,iv4 ,of the ,repetitions of the       
,sensitive and ,rational ,actions4      
,both the ,rational and ,sensitive      
,corporeal ,motions1 make often         
,repetitions of one and the same        
,actions3 ,the ,sensitive ,repetitions1 
,man nameth1 ,custom4 ,the ,rational    
,repetitions1 ,man nameth1              
,remembrances3 for1 ,repetitions cause a
 facility amongst the ,sensitive ,parts2
 but yet1 in some ,repeating ,actions1  
the ,senses seem to be tired1 being     
naturally delighted in variety4 ,also1  
by the ,rational ,repetitions1 the ,mind
 is either delighted1 or displeased2 and
 sometimes1 partly pleased1 and partly  
displeased3 for1 the ,mind is as much   
pleased1 or displeased in the absence of
 an ,object1 as in the presence2 only   
the ,pleasure1 and ,displeasure of the  
,senses1 is not joyned with the         
,rational3 for1 the ,sense1 if ,regular1
 makes the most perfect ,copies when the
 ,object is present3 but1 the ,rational 

can make as perfect ,copies in the      
absence1 as in the presence of the      
,object2 which is the cause that the    
,mind is as much delighted1 or grieved1 
in the absence of an ,object1 as with   
the presence3 ,as for example1 ,a ,man  
is as much grieved when he knows his    
,friend is wounded1 or dead1 as if he   
had seen his ,wounds1 or had seen him   
dead3 for1 the ,picture of the dead     
,friend1 is in the mind of the living   
,friend2 and if the dead ,friend was    
before his ,eyes1 he could but have his 
,picture in his mind2 which is the same 
for an absent ,friend alive2 only1 as ,i
 said1 there is wanting the ,sensitive  
,perception of the absent ,object3 ,and 
certainly1 the ,parts of the ,mind have 
greater advantage than the ,sensitive   
,parts2 for1 the ,mind can enjoy that   
which is not subject to the ,sense2 as  
those things ,man names1 ,castles in the
 ,air1 or ,poetical ,fancies2 which is  
the reason ,man can enjoy ,worlds of its
 own making1 without the assistance of  

the ,sensitive ,parts2 and can govern   
and command those ,worlds2 as also1     
dissolve and compose several ,worlds1 as
 he pleases3 but certainly1 as the      
pleasures of the ,rational ,parts are   
beyond those of the ,sensitive1 so are  
their ,troubles4     ,,chap4 ,v4 ,of the
 ,passionate ,love1 and ,sympathetical  
,endeavours1 amongst the ,associate     
,parts of a ,human ,creature4   ,in     
every ,regular ,human ,society1 there is
 a ,passionate ,love amongst the        
,associated ,parts1 like                
fellow-,students of one ,colledg1 or    
fellow-,servants in one ,house1 or      
,brethren in one ,family1 or ,subjects  
in one ,nation1 or ,communicants in one 
,church3 ,so the ,self-moving ,parts of 
a ,human ,creature1 being associated1   
love one another1 and therefore do      
endeavour to keep their ,society from   
dissolving4 ,but perceiving1 by the     
example of the lives of the same sort of
 ,creatures1 that the property of their 
,nature is such1 that they must dissolve

 in a short time1 this causes these     
,human sorts of ,creatures1 7being very 
ingenuous7 to endeavour an after-life3  
but1 perceiving again1 that their       
after-life cannot be the same as the    
present life is1 they endeavour 7since  
they cannot keep their own ,society from
 dissolving7 that their ,society may    
remain in remembrance amongst the       
particular and general ,societies of the
 same sort of ,creatures1 which we name 
,mankind3 ,and this ,design causes all  
the ,sensitive and ,rational ,parts1 in 
one ,society1 to be industrious1 to     
leave some ,mark for a lasting          
,remembrance1 amongst their             
fellow-,creatures3 which general        
remembrance1 ,man calls ,fame2 for which
 ,fame1 the ,rational ,parts are        
industrious to design the manner and    
way1 and the ,sensitive ,parts are      
industrious to put those ,designs in    
execution2 as1 their ,inventions1 into  
,arts or ,sciences2 or to cause their   
,heroick or ,prudent1 ,generous or      

,pious ,actions2 their ,learning1 or    
witty ,fancies1 or subtile ,conceptions1
 or their industrious ,observations1 or 
their ingenious ,inventions1 to be set  
in ,print2 or their ,exterior ,effigies 
to be cast1 cut1 or engraven in ,brass1 
or ,stone1 or to be painted2 or they    
endeavour to build ,houses1 or cut      
,rivers1 to bear their ,names2 and      
millions of other ,marks1 for           
remembrance1 they are industrious to    
leave to the perception of after-,ages3 
,and many men are so desirous of this   
after-life1 that they would willingly   
quit their present life1 by reason of   
its shortness1 to gain this after-life1 
because of the probability of a long    
continuance2 and not only to live so in 
many several ,ages1 but in many several 
,nations4 ,and amongst the number of    
those that prefer a long after-life1    
before a short present life1 ,i am one4 
,but1 some men dispute against these    
,desires1 saying1 ,that it doth a man no
 good to be remembred when he is dead4  

,i answer3 ,it is very pleasing1 whilst 
as man lives1 to have in his ,mind1 or  
in his ,sense1 the ,effigies of the     
,person1 and of the good ,actions of his
 ,friend1 although he cannot have his   
present company4 ,also1 it is very      
pleasant to any body to believe1 that   
the ,effigies either of his own ,person1
 or ,actions1 or both1 are in the ,mind 
of his ,friend1 when he is absent from  
him2 and1 in this case1 ,absence and    
,death are much alike4 ,but1 in short1  
,god lives no other ways amongst his    
,creatures1 but in their ,rational      
,thoughts1 and ,sensitive ,worship4     
,,chap4 ,,vi4 ,of ,,acquaintance4   ,as 
there are ,perceptive ,acquaintances    
amongst the ,parts of a ,human          
,creature2 so there is a ,perceptive    
,acquaintance between1 or amongst the   
,human sorts of ,creatures4 ,but1       
mistake me not2 for ,i do not say1 ,men 
only are acquainted with each other2    
for1 there is not only an ,acquaintance 
amongst every particular sort1 as       

between one and the same sort of        
,creatures1 but there are some          
,acquaintances between some sorts of    
different kinds3 as for example1        
,between some sorts of ,beasts1 and     
,men2 as also1 some sorts of ,birds1 and
 ,men1 which understand each other1 ,i  
will not say1 so well as ,man and ,man2 
but so well1 as to understand each      
other's ,passions3 but certainly1 every 
particular sort of ,creatures1 of one   
and the same kind1 understand each      
other1 as well as ,men understand one   
another2 and yet1 for all that1 they may
 be unacquainted3 for1 ,acquaintance    
proceeds from ,association2 so that1    
some ,men1 and some ,beasts1 by         
,association1 may be acquainted with    
each other2 when as some ,men1 not      
associating1 are meer strangers4 ,the   
truth is1 ,acquaintance belongs rather  
to ,particularities1 than ,generalities4
     ,,chap4 ,,vii4 ,of the ,effects of 
,forrein ,objects of the ,sensitive     
,body2 and of the ,rational ,mind of a  

,human ,creature4   ,according as the   
,rational ,parts are affected1 or       
disaffected with ,forrein ,objects1 the 
,sensitive is apt to express the like   
affections1 or disaffections3 for1 most 
,forrein ,objects occasion either       
pleasure and delight1 or displeasure and
 dislike3 but1 the effects of ,forrein  
,objects are very many1 and1 many times 
very different2 as1 some ,objects of    
,devotion1 occasion a ,fear1 or         
,superstition1 and ,repentance in the   
,mind2 and the ,mind occasions the      
,sensitive ,parts to several actions1   
as1 ,praying1 ,acknowledging ,faults1   
,begging pardon1 making ,vows1 imploring
 ,mercy1 and the like1 in words3 also1  
the ,body bows1 the ,knees bend1 the    
,eyes weep1 the hands hold up1 and many 
the like devout actions4 ,other sorts of
 ,objects occasion pity and compassion  
in the ,mind1 which occasions the       
,sensitive ,parts to attend the sick1   
relieve the poor1 help the distressed1  
and many more actions of ,compassion4   

,other sorts of ,forrein ,objects1      
occasion the ,rational ,mind to be dull 
and melancholy2 and then the ,sensitive 
,parts are dull1 making no variety of   
,appetites1 or regard ,forrein ,objects4
 ,other sorts of ,objects occasion the  
,mind to be vain and ambitious1 and     
often to be proud2 and those occasion   
the ,sensitive ,actions to be           
adventurous and bold2 the ,countenance  
of the face1 scornful2 the ,garb of the 
,body1 stately2 the ,words1 vaunting1   
boasting1 or bragging4 ,other ,objects  
occasion the ,mind to be furious2 and   
then the ,sensitive ,actions are1       
,cursing ,words1 ,frowning              
,countenances1 the ,leggs stamping1 the 
,hands and ,arms fighting1 and the whole
 ,body in a furious posture4 ,other     
sorts of ,objects occasion the ,mind to 
a passionate ,love2 and then the        
,sensitive ,actions are1 ,flattering1   
,professing1 ,protesting in words1 the  
,countenance smiling1 the ,eyes         
glancing2 also1 the ,body bows1 the     

,leggs scrape1 the ,mouth kisses3 also1 
the ,hands mend their ,garments1 and do 
many of the like amorous actions4 ,other
 ,objects occasion the ,mind to ,valour2
 and then the ,sensitive ,actions are1  
,daring1 ,encouraging1 or ,animating4   
,other ,objects occasion the ,mind to   
,mirth1 or ,cheerfulness2 and they      
occasion the ,sensitive ,actions of the 
,voice1 to ,sing1 or ,laugh2 the ,words 
to be jesting1 the ,hands to be toying1 
the ,leggs to be dancing4 ,other sorts  
of ,objects occasion the ,mind to be    
,prudent2 and then the ,sensitive       
,actions1 are ,sparing or ,frugal4      
,other sorts of ,objects occasion the   
,mind to be ,envious1 or ,malicious2 and
 then the ,sensitive ,actions are       
,mischievous4 ,there are great numbers  
of ,occasional ,actions1 but these are  
sufficient to prove1 ,that ,sense and   
,reason understand each other's ,actions
 or ,designs4     ,,chap4 ,,viii4 ,of   
the ,advantage and ,disadvantage of the 
,encounters of several ,creatures4      

,there is a strong ,sympathy between the
 ,rational and ,sensitive ,parts1 in one
 and the same ,society1 or ,creature3   
not only for their ,consistency1        
,subsistency1 ,use1 ,ease1 ,pleasure1   
and ,delight2 but1 for their ,safety1   
,guard1 and ,defence3 as for example1   
,when one ,creature assaults another1   
then all the ,powers1 ,faculties1       
,properties1 ,ingenuities1 ,agilities1  
,proportions1 and ,shape1 of the ,parts 
of the ,assaulted1 unite against the    
,assaulter1 in the defence of every     
particular ,part of their whole         
,society2 in which ,encounter1 the      
,rational advises1 and the ,sensitive   
labours4 ,but this is to be noted       
concerning advantage and disadvantage in
 such ,encounters1 ,that some sorts of  
,creatures have their advantage in the  
,exterior ,shape1 others meerly in the  
,number of ,parts2 others in the agility
 of their ,parts1 and some by the       
ingenuity of their parts3 but1 for the  
most part1 the greater ,number have     

advantage over the less1 if the greater 
number of ,parts be as regular1 and as  
ingenious as the less number3 but1 if   
the less number be more regular1 and    
more ingenious than the greater1 then   
'tis a hundred to one but the less      
number of ,parts have the advantage4    
,,chap4 ,,ix4 ,that ,all ,human         
,creatures have the like ,kinds and     
,sorts of ,properties4   ,all ,human    
,creatures have the like ,kinds and     
,sorts of ,properties1 ,faculties1      
,respirations1 and ,perceptions2 unless 
some ,irregularities in the ,production1
 occasion some ,imperfections1 or some  
,misfortunes1 in some time of his ,age3 
yet1 no ,man knows what another ,man    
perceives1 but by guess1 or information 
of the ,party3 but1 as ,i said1 if they 
have have no ,imperfections1 all ,human 
,creatures have like ,properties1       
,faculties1 and ,perceptions3 ,as for   
example1 ,all ,human ,eyes may see one  
and the same ,object alike2 or hear the 
same ,tune1 or ,sound2 and so of the    

rest of the ,senses4 ,they have also the
 like ,respirations1 ,digestions1       
,appetites2 and the like may be said of 
all the ,properties belonging to a      
,human ,creature4 ,but1 as one ,human   
,creature doth not know what another    
,human ,creature knows1 but by          
,confederacy2 so1 no ,part of the ,body1
 or ,mind of a ,man1 knows each ,part's 
perceptive knowledg1 but by             
,confederacy3 so that1 there is as much 
,ignorance amongst the ,parts of        
,nature1 as ,knowledg4 ,but this is to  
be noted1 ,that there are several       
manners and ways of ,intelligences1 not 
only between several sorts of           
,creatures1 or amongst particulars of   
one sort of ,creatures2 but1 amongst the
 several ,parts of one and the same     
,creature4     ,,chap4 ,x4 ,of the      
,irregularity of the ,sensitive1 and of 
the ,rational ,corporeal ,motions4   ,as
 ,i have often mentioned1 and do here   
again repeat1 ,that the ,rational and   
,sensitive ,parts of one ,society1 or   

,creature1 do understand1 as perceiving 
each other's ,self-moving ,parts2 and   
the proof is1 ,that1 sometimes1 the     
,human ,sense is regular1 and the ,human
 ,reason irregular2 and sometimes the   
,reason regular1 and the ,sense         
irregular3 but1 in these differences1   
the ,regular ,parts endeavour to reform 
the ,irregular2 which causes1 many      
times1 repetitions of one and the same  
,actions1 and ,examinations2 as1        
sometimes the ,reason examines the      
,sense2 and sometimes the ,sense1 the   
,reason3 and sometimes the ,sense and   
,reason do examine the ,object2 for1    
sometimes an ,object will delude both   
the ,sense and ,reason2 and sometimes   
the ,sense and ,reason are but partly   
mistaken3 ,as for example1 ,a fired end 
of a ,stick1 by a swift exterior        
,circular ,motion1 appears a ,circle of 
fire1 in which they are not deceived3   
for1 by the ,exterior ,motion1 the fired
 end is a ,circle2 but they are         
mistaken1 to conceive the ,exterior     

,figurative ,action to be the proper    
natural ,figure3 but when one man       
mistakes another1 that is some small    
,error1 both of the ,sense and ,reason4 
,also1 when one man cannot readily      
remember another man1 with whom he had  
formerly been acquainted1 it is an      
,error2 and such small ,errors1 the     
,sense and ,reason do soon rectifie3 but
 in causes of high ,irregularities1 as  
in ,madness1 ,sickness1 and the like1   
there is a great ,bustle amongst the    
,parts of a ,human ,creature2 so as     
those ,disturbances cause unnecessary   
,fears1 ,grief1 ,anger1 and strange     
,imaginations4     ,,chap4 ,,xi4 ,of the
 ,knowledg between the ,sensitive       
,organs of a ,human ,creature4   ,the   
,sensitive ,organs are only ignorant of 
each other1 as they are of ,forrein     
,objects3 for1 as all the ,parts of     
,forrein ,objects1 are not subject to   
one ,sensitive ,organ2 so all the       
,sensitive ,organs are not subject to   
each ,sensitive ,organ of a ,human      

,creature3 yet1 in the perceptive       
,actions of ,forrein ,objects1 they do  
so agree1 that they make an united      
,knowledg3 ,thus we may be particularly 
ignorant one way1 and yet have a general
 ,knowledg another way4     ,,chap4     
,,xii4 ,of ,human ,perception1 or       
,defects of a ,human ,creature4   ,it is
 not the great quantity of ,brain1 that 
makes a ,man wise2 nor a little         
quantity1 that makes a ,man foolish3    
but1 the irregular1 or regular ,rational
 ,corporeal ,motions of the ,head1      
,heart1 and the rest of the ,parts1 that
 causes dull ,understandings1 short     
,memories1 weak ,judgments1 violent     
,passions1 extravagant ,imaginations1   
wild ,fancies1 and the like4 ,the same  
must be said of the ,sensitive          
,irregular ,corporeal ,motions1 which   
make ,weakness1 ,pain1 ,sickness1       
disordered ,appetites1 and perturbed    
,perceptions1 and the like3 for1 ,nature
 poysing her ,actions by ,opposites1    
there must needs be ,irregularities1 as 

well as ,regularities2 which is the     
cause that seldom any ,creature is so   
exact1 but there is some ,exception4    
,but1 when the ,sensitive and ,rational 
,corporeal ,motions are regular1 and    
move sympathetically1 then the ,body is 
healthful and strong1 the ,mind in peace
 and quiet1 understands well1 and is    
judicious3 and1 in short1 there are     
perfect ,perceptions1 proper            
,digestions1 easie ,respirations1       
regular ,passions1 temperate ,appetites4
 ,but when the ,rational ,corporeal     
,motions are curious in their change of 
,actions1 there are subtile             
,conceptions1 and elevated ,fancies3 and
 when the ,sensitive ,corporeal ,motions
 move with curiosity1 7as ,i may say7   
then there are perfect ,senses1 exact   
,proportions1 equal ,temperaments2 and  
that1 ,man calls ,beauty4     ,,chap4   
,,xiii4 ,of ,natural ,,fools4   ,there  
is great difference between a ,natural  
,fool1 and a ,mad ,man3 for1 ,madness is
 a ,disease1 but a ,natural ,fool is a  

,defect2 which ,defect was some ,error  
in his ,production1 that is1 in the form
 and frame either of the ,mind1 or      
,sense1 or both2 for1 the ,sense may be 
a ,natural ,fool as well as the ,reason2
 as we may observe in those sorts of    
,fools whom we name ,changelings1 whose 
,body is not only deformed1 but all the 
,postures of the ,body are defective1   
and appear as so many fools3 but        
sometimes1 only some ,parts are fools2  
as for example2 ,if a ,man be born      
,blind1 then only his ,eyes are ,fools2 
if ,deaf1 then only his ,ears are       
,fools1 which occasions his dumbness2   
,ears being the informing ,parts1 to    
speak2 and wanting those informations1  
he cannot speak a ,language4 ,also1 if a
 ,man is born lame1 his ,leggs are      
,fools2 that is1 those ,parts have no   
knowledg of such ,properties that belong
 to such ,parts2 but the ,sensitive     
,parts may be wise1 as being knowing2   
and the ,rational ,parts may be         
defective2 which ,defects1 ,man names   

,irrational4 ,but this is to be noted1  
,that there may be ,natural and         
,accidental ,fools1 by some             
extraordinary ,frights1 or by           
extraordinary ,sickness1 or through the 
defects of ,old ,age4 ,as for the       
,errors of ,production1 they are        
incurable2 as also1 those of ,old ,age2 
the ,first being an ,error in the very  
,foundation1 and the other a ,decay of  
the whole ,frame of the ,building3 for1 
after a ,human ,creature is brought to  
that perfection1 as to be1 as we may    
say1 at full growth and strength1 at the
 prime of his age2 the ,human ,motions1 
and the very ,nature of ,man1 after that
 time1 begins to decay2 for then the    
,human ,motions begin to move rather to 
the dissolution1 than to the            
continuance2 although some ,men last to 
very old ,age1 by reason the unity of   
their ,society is regular and orderly1  
and moves so ,sympathetically1 as to    
commit few or no ,disorders1 or         
,irregularities2 and such old ,men are1 

for the most part1 ,healthful1 and very 
wise1 through long ,experience2 and     
their ,society having got a habit of    
,regularity1 is not apt to be disturbed 
by ,forrein ,parts4 ,but this is to be  
noted1 ,that sometimes the ,sensitive   
,body decays1 before the ,rational      
,mind2 and sometimes the ,rational      
,mind1 before the ,sensitive ,body4     
,also1 this is to be noted1 ,that when  
the ,body is defective1 but not the     
,mind2 then the ,mind is very           
industrious to find out ,inventions of  
,art1 to help the ,defects that are     
natural4 ,but pray mistake me not2 for  
,i do not say1 ,that all ,deformities1  
or ,defects1 but only some particular   
sorts of ,deformity1 or ,defects1 are   
,foolish4      ,the ,seventh ,part4     
,,chap4 ,i4 ,of the ,sensitive ,actions 
of ,sleeping and ,waking4   ,the        
,sensitive and ,rational ,corporeal     
,figurative ,motions1 are the cause of  
infinite varieties3 for1 though         
,repetitions make no varieties2 yet1    

every altered action is a variety3      
,also1 different ,actions1 make         
different ,effects2 opposite ,actions1  
opposite ,effects2 not only of the      
actions of the several ,self-moving     
,parts1 or ,corporeal ,motions1 but of  
the same ,parts3 ,as for example1 ,the  
same ,parts1 or ,corporeal ,motions1 may
 move from that1 ,man names ,life1 to   
that which ,man names ,death2 or1 from  
,health to ,sickness1 from ,ease to     
,pain1 from ,memory to ,forgetfulness1  
from ,forgetfulness to ,remembrance1    
from ,love to ,hate1 from ,grief to     
,joy1 from ,irregularity to ,regularity2
 or1 from ,regularity to ,irregularity1 
and the like2 and from one ,perception  
to another3 for1 though all actions are 
perceptive1 yet there are several kinds1
 several sorts1 and several particular  
perceptions3 ,but1 amongst the several  
,corporeal ,motions of ,animal1 or      
,human kind1 there are the opposite     
,motions of what we name ,waking1 and   
,sleeping2 the difference is1 ,that     

,waking-actions are1 most commonly1     
actions of ,imitation1 especially of the
 ,sensitive ,parts2 and are more the    
,exterior1 than the ,interior actions of
 a ,human ,creature4 ,but1 the actions  
of ,sleep1 are the alterations of the   
,exterior ,corporeal ,motions1 moving   
more interiorly1 as it were inwardly1   
and voluntarily3 ,as for example1 ,the  
,optick ,corporeal ,motions1 in         
,waking-actions1 work1 or move1         
according to the outward ,object3 but1  
in ,sleeping-actions1 they move by rote1
 or without ,examples2 also1 as ,i said1
 they move1 as it were1 inwardly2 like  
as a ,man should turn himself inward1 or
 outward1 of a door1 without removing   
from the door1 or out of the place he   
stood in4      ,,chap4 ,,ii4 ,of        
,,sleeping4   ,although the ,rational   
and ,sensitive ,corporeal ,motions1 can 
never be tired1 or weary of moving or   
acting1 by reason it is their nature to 
be a perpetual ,corporeal ,motion2 yet  
they may be weary1 or tired with        

particular actions4 ,also1 it is easier 
and more delightful1 to move by ,rote1  
than to take ,copies1 or ,patterns2     
which is the reason that ,sleep is easie
 and gentle1 if the ,corporeal ,motions 
be regular2 but if they be irregular1   
,sleep is perturbed4 ,but this is to be 
noted1 ,that the ,corporeal ,motions    
delight in varieties so well1 that1 many
 times1 many and various ,objects will  
cause the ,sensitive and ,rational      
,corporeal ,motions in a ,man1 to retard
 their actions of ,sleep2 and1          
oft-times1 want of variety of ,forrein  
or outward ,objects1 will occasion the  
action of ,sleep2 or else ,musing and   
,contemplating actions4 ,also1 it is to 
be noted1 ,that if some ,parts of the   
,body1 or ,mind1 be distempered with    
,irregularities1 it occasions such      
disturbances to the ,whole1 as hinders  
that repose2 but if the ,regular ,parts 
endeavour not to be disturbed with the  
,irregular2 and the ,irregulars do      
disturb the ,regular2 then it occasions 

that which ,man names1 ,half-sleeps1 or 
,slumbers1 or ,drowsiness4 ,and if the  
,regular ,corporeal ,motions get  the   
better1 7as many times they do7 then we 
say1 ,sleep hath been the occasion of   
the ,cure2 and it oft proves so4 ,and it
 is a common saying1 ,that a good ,sleep
 will settle the ,spirits1 or ease the  
,pains2 that is1 when the ,regular      
,corporeal ,motions have had the better 
of the ,irregular4     ,,chap4 ,,iii4   
,of ,human ,,dreams4   ,there are       
several kinds1 sorts1 and particulars of
 ,corporeal ,irregularities1 as well as 
of ,regularities2 and amongst the       
infinite kinds1 sorts1 and particulars1 
there is that of ,human ,dreams2 for1   
the ,exterior ,corporeal ,motions in    
,waking-actions1 do copy or pattern     
outward ,objects2 whereas1 in actions of
 ,sleep1 they act by rote1 which1 for   
the most part1 is erronious1 making mixt
 ,figures of several ,objects2 as1      
partly like a ,beast2 and partly1 like a
 ,bird1 or ,fish2 nay1 sometimes1 partly

 like an ,animal1 and partly like a     
,vegetable2 and millions of the like    
,extravagancies2 yet1 many times1       
,dreams will be as exact as if a ,man   
was awake1 and the ,objects before him2 
but1 those actions by rote1 are more    
often false than true3 but1 if the      
,self-moving ,parts move after their own
 inventions1 and not after the manner of
 ,copying2 or1 if they move not after   
the manner of ,human ,perception1 then a
 ,man is as ignorant of  his ,dreams1 or
 any ,human ,perception1 as if he was in
 a ,swound2 and then he says1 he did not
 dream2 and1 that such ,sleeps are like 
,death4     ,,chap4 ,,iv4 ,of the       
,actions of ,,dreams4   ,when the       
,figures of those ,friends and          
,acquaintants that have been dead a long
 time1 are made in our ,sleep1 we never1
 or seldom question the truth of their  
being alive1 though we often question   
them how they came to be alive3 ,and the
 reason that we make no doubt of their  
being alive1 is1 ,that those ,corporeal 

,motions of ,sleep1 make the same       
pattern of that ,object in ,sleep1 as   
when that ,object was present1 and      
patterned awake2 so as the ,picture in  
,sleep seems to be the ,original awake3 
and until such times that the ,corporeal
 ,motions alter their ,sleeping-,actions
 to ,waking-,actions1 the truth is not  
known4 ,though ,sleeping and ,dreaming1 
is somewhat after the manner of         
,forgetfulness and ,remembrance2 yet1   
perfect ,dreams are as perceptive as    
,waking-patterns of present ,objects2   
which proves1 ,that both the ,sensitive 
and ,rational ,motions1 have ,sleeping  
,actions2 but both the ,sensitive and   
,rational ,corporeal ,actions in ,sleep1
 moving partly by rote1 and partly      
voluntarily1 or by invention1 make      
,walking-,woods1 or ,woodden ,men2 or   
make ,warrs and ,battels1 where some    
,figures of ,men are kill'd1 or wounded1
 others have victory3 ,they also make   
,thieves1 ,murderers1 falling ,houses1  
great ,fires1 ,floods1 ,tempests1 high  

,mountains1 great ,precipices2 and      
sometimes pleasant ,dreams of ,lovers1  
,marriage1 ,dancing1 ,banquetting1 and  
the like3 ,and the ,passions in ,dreams 
are as real1 as in waking actions4      
,,chap4 ,v4 ,whether the ,interior      
,parts of a ,human ,creature1 do sleep4 
,the ,parts of my ,mind were in dispute1
 ,whether the ,interior ,parts of a     
,human ,creature1 had sleeping and      
waking actions8 ,the ,major ,part was of
 opinion1 ,that ,sleep was not proper to
 those ,human ,parts1 because the       
,interior ,motions were not like the    
,exterior4 ,the ,opinion of the ,minor  
,part was1 ,that change of ,action1 is  
like ,ease after ,labour2 and therefore 
it was probable1 the ,interior ,parts   
had sleeping and waking actions4 ,the   
,opinion of the ,major ,parts1 was1     
,that if those ,parts1 as also the ,food
 received into the ,body1 had sleeping  
actions1 the ,body could not be         
nourished2 for1 the ,meat would not be  
digested into the like ,parts of the    

,body1 by reason sleeping actions were  
not such sorts of actions4 ,the ,opinion
 of the ,minor ,parts was1 ,that the    
sleeping  actions were nourishing       
actions1 and therefore were most proper 
for the ,interior ,parts2 and1 for      
proof1 the whole ,human ,body becomes   
faint and weak1 when they are hindred1  
either by some ,interior ,irregularity1 
or through some ,exterior ,occasion1    
from their sleeping actions4 ,the       
,opinion of the ,major ,part1 was1 ,that
 sleeping actions are actions of rote1  
and not such altering actions as        
digesting actions1 and nourishing       
actions1 which are uniting actions4     
,besides1 that the reason why the       
,interior actions are not sleeping      
actions1 was1 ,that when the ,exterior  
,parts move in the actions of ,sleep1   
the ,interior ,parts move when the      
,exterior are awake2 as may be observed 
by the ,human ,pulse1 and ,human        
,respiration2 and by many other         
,observations which may be brought4     

,,chap4 ,,vi4 ,whether all the          
,creatures in ,nature1 have ,sleeping   
and ,waking ,actions4   ,some may ask   
this ,question1 ,whether all ,creatures 
have sleeping ,actions8 ,i answer1 ,that
 though sleeping actions are proper to  
,human ,creatures1 as also1 to most     
,animal ,creatures2 yet1 such actions   
may not any ways be proper to other     
kinds and sorts of ,creatures3 and if   
7as in all probability it is7 that the  
,exterior ,parts of a ,human ,creature  
have no such sleeping actions1 it is    
probable that other kinds and sorts of  
,creatures move not at any time1 in such
 sorts of actions4 ,but some may say1   
,that if ,nature is poysed1 all         
,creatures must have sleeping actions1  
as well as waking actions4 ,i answer1   
,that though ,nature's actions are      
poysed1 yet that doth not hinder the    
variety of ,nature's actions1 so as to  
tye ,nature to particular actions3 ,as  
for example1 ,the ,exterior ,parts of   
,animals have both sleeping and waking  

actions2 yet that doth not prove1 that  
therefore all the ,parts or ,creatures  
in ,nature1 must have sleeping and      
waking actions4 ,the same may be said of
 all the actions of an ,animal          
,creature1 or of a ,human ,creature2    
nay1 of all the ,creatures of the       
,world3 for1 several kinds and sorts of 
,creatures1 have several kinds and sorts
 of ,properties3 ,wherefore1 if there be
 other kinds and sorts of ,worlds       
besides this1 'tis probable that those  
,worlds1 and all the ,parts1 or several 
kinds and sorts of ,creatures there1    
have different properties and actions1  
from those of this ,world2 so that      
though ,nature's actions are poysed and 
balanced1 yet they are poysed and       
balanced after different manners and    
ways4     ,,chap4 ,,vii4 ,of ,human     
,death4   ,death is not only a general  
,alteration of the ,sensitive and       
,rational ,motions1 but a general       
,dissolution of their ,society4 ,and as 
there are degrees of ,time in           

,productions1 so in ,dissolutions4 ,and 
as there are degrees to ,perfection1 as 
from ,infancy to ,manhood2 so there are 
degrees from ,manhood to ,old ,age4     
,but1 as ,i said1 ,death is a general   
,dissolution1 which makes a ,human      
,creature to be no more3 yet1 some      
,parts do not dissolve so soon as       
others2 as for example1 ,human ,bones2  
but1 though the ,form or ,frame of      
,bones is not dissolved2 yet the        
,properties3 of those ,bones are        
altered4 ,the same when a ,human        
,creature is kept by ,art from          
dissolving1 so as the ,form1 or ,frame1 
or ,shape may continue2 but all the     
,properties are quite altered2 though   
the ,exterior ,shape of such ,bodies    
doth appear somewhat like a ,man1 yet   
that ,shape is not a ,man4     ,,chap4  
,,viii4 ,of the ,heat of ,human ,life1  
and the ,cold of ,human ,death4   ,there
 are not only several sorts of          
,properties belonging to several sorts  
of ,creatures1 but several sorts of     

,properties belonging to one and the    
same sort of ,creature2 and amongst the 
several sorts of ,human ,properties1    
,human ,heat is one1 which ,man names   
,natural ,heat3 but1 when there is a    
general alteration of the ,human        
,properties1 there is that alteration of
 the ,property as well of his ,natural1 
as ,human ,heat3 but1 ,natural ,heat is 
not the cause of ,human ,life1 though   
,human ,life is the cause of that       
,natural ,heat3 so that1 when ,human    
,life is altered or dissolved1 ,human   
,heat is altered or dissolved3 ,and as  
,death is opposite ,actions to that ,man
 names ,life2 so ,cold is opposite      
,actions to that ,man names ,heat4      
,,chap4 ,,ix4 ,of the ,last ,act of     
,human ,life4   ,the reason some ,human 
,creatures dye in more pain than others1
 is1 ,that the ,motions of some ,human  
,creatures are in strife1 because some  
would continue their accustomed         
,actions1 others would alter their      
accustomed ,actions2 which ,strife      

causes ,irregularities1 and those       
,irregularities cause ,differences1 or  
,difficulties1 which causes ,pain3 but  
certainly1 the last ,act of ,human ,life
 is easie2 not only that the ,expulsive 
,actions of ,human ,respirations1 are   
more easie than the ,attracting         
,actions2 but1 that in the last act of  
,human ,life1 all the ,motions do       
generally agree in one ,action4         
,,chap4 ,x4 ,whether a ,human ,creature 
hath ,knowledg in ,death1 or not8       
,some may ask the ,question1 ,whether a 
dead ,man hath any ,knowledg or         
,perception8 ,i answer1 ,that a dead    
,man hath not a ,human ,knowledg or     
,perception2 yet all1 and every ,part1  
hath ,knowledg and ,perception3 ,but1 by
 reason there is a general alteration of
 the actions of the ,parts of a ,human  
,creature1 there cannot possibly be a   
,human ,knowledg or ,perception4 ,but   
some may say1 ,that a ,man in a ,swound 
hath a general alteration of ,human     
actions2 and yet those ,parts of a      

,human ,creature do often repeat those  
former actions1 and then a ,man is as he
 was before he was in that ,swound4 ,i  
answer1 ,that the reason why a ,man in a
 ,swound hath not the same ,knowledg as 
when he is not in a ,swound1 is1 ,that  
the ,human ,motions are not generally   
altered1 but only are generally         
irregular2 which makes such a           
disturbance1 that no ,part can move so  
regularly1 as to make proper            
,perceptions2 as in some sorts of       
,distempers1 a ,man may be like a       
,natural ,fool2 in others1 he may be    
,mad2 and is subject to many several    
,distempers1 which cause several        
,effects3 but a ,human ,swound is       
somewhat like ,sleeping without         
,dreaming2 that is1 the ,exterior       
,senses do not move to ,human ,exterior 
,perception4     ,,chap4 ,,xi4 ,whether 
a ,creature may be new ,formed1 after a 
general ,dissolution4   ,some may ask   
the ,question1 ,whether a ,human        
,creature1 or any other ,creature1 after

 their ,natural ,properties are quite   
altered1 can be repeated1 and rechanged1
 to those ,properties that formerly     
were8  ,i answer1 ,yes1 in case none of 
the ,fundamental ,figurative ,parts be  
dissolved4  ,but some may ask1 ,that if 
those dissolved ,parts were so inclosed 
in other ,bodies1 that none of them     
could easily disperse or wander2 whether
 they might not joyn into the same ,form
 and ,figure again1 and have the same   
,properties8  ,i answer1 ,i cannot tell 
well how to judg2 but ,i am of the      
opinion1 they cannot3 for1 it is the    
property of all such ,productions1 to be
 performed by degrees1 and that there   
should be a dividing and uniting of     
,parts1 as an intercourse of ,home and  
,forrein ,parts2 and so there is        
requir'd all the same ,parts1 and every 
,part of the same ,society1 or that had 
any adjoining actions with that         
particular ,creature2 as all those      
,parts1 or ,corporeal ,motions1 that had
 been from the first time of            

,production1 to the last of the         
,dissolving2 and that could not be done 
without a ,confusion in ,nature4  ,but  
some may say1 ,that although the same   
,creature could not be produced after   
the same manner1 nor return to the      
degree of his ,infancy1 and pass the    
degrees from his ,infancy1 to some      
degree of ,age2 yet1 those parts that   
are together1 might so joyn1 and move1  
in the same manner1 as to be the same   
,creature it was before its dissolution8
  ,i answer1 ,it may not be impossible3 
but yet1 ,it is very improbable1 that   
such numerous sorts of ,motions1 after  
so general an ,alteration1 should so    
generally agree in an unnatural action4 
,,chap4 ,,xii4 ,of ,,foreknowledg4   ,i 
have had some ,disputes amongst the     
,parts of my ,mind1 ,whether ,nature    
hath ,foreknowledg8 ,the ,opinion of the
 ,minor ,parts was1 ,that ,nature had   
,foreknowledg1 by reason all that was   
,material1 was part of her self2 and    
those ,self-parts having ,self-motion1  

she might foreknow what she would act1  
and so what they should know4 ,the      
,opinion of the ,major ,parts was1 ,that
 by reason every ,part had ,self-motion1
 and natural ,free-will1 ,nature could  
not foreknow how they would move1       
although she might know how they have   
moved1 or how they do move4  ,after this
 ,dispute was ended1 then there was a   
,dispute1 ,whether the particular ,parts
 had a ,foreknowledg of ,self-knowledg8 
,the ,opinion of the ,minor ,parts was1 
,that since every ,part in ,nature had  
,self-motion1 and natural ,free-will1   
every ,part could know how they should  
move1 and so what they should know4 ,the
 ,opinion of the ,major ,parts was1     
,that first1 the ,self-knowledg did     
alter according to ,self-action1 amongst
 the ,self-moving ,parts3 but1 the      
,self-knowledg of the ,inanimate ,parts1
 did alter according to the actions of  
the ,sensitive ,self-moving ,parts2 and 
the ,perceptive actions of the          
,self-moving ,parts1 were according to  

the form and actions of the ,objects3 so
 that ,foreknowledg of ,forein ,parts1  
or ,creatures1 could not be3 ,and for   
,foreknowledg of ,self-knowledg of the  
,self-moving ,parts1 there were so many 
occasional actions1 that it was         
impossible the ,self-moving ,parts could
 know how they should move1 by reason   
that no ,part had an ,absolute ,power1  
although they were ,self-moving1 and had
 a natural ,free-will3 which proves1    
,that ,prophesies are somewhat of the   
nature of ,dreams1 whereof some may     
prove true by chance2 but1 for the most 
part1 they are false4     ,the ,eighth  
,part4     ,,chap4 ,i4 ,of the          
,irregularity of ,nature's ,parts4      
,some may make this ,question1 that1 ,if
 ,nature were ,self-moving1 and had     
,free-will1 it is probable that she     
would never move her ,parts so          
irregularly1 as to put her self to pain4
  ,i answer1 first1 ,that ,nature's     
,parts move themselves1 and are not     
moved by any ,agent4 ,secondly1 ,though 

,nature's ,parts are ,self-moving1 and  
,self-knowing1 yet they have not an     
infinite or uncontrolable ,power2 for1  
several ,parts1 and ,parties1 oppose1   
and oft-times obstruct each other2 so   
that many times they are forced to move1
 and they may not when they would4      
,thirdly1 ,some ,parts may occasion     
other ,parts to be irregular1 and keep  
themselves in a regular posture4        
,lastly1 ,nature's ,fundamental actions 
are so poysed1 that ,irregular actions  
are as natural as ,regular4     ,,chap4 
,,ii4 ,of the ,human ,parts of a ,human 
,creature4   ,the ,form of ,man's       
,exterior and ,interior ,parts1 are so  
different1 and so numerous2 that ,i     
cannot describe them1 by reason ,i am   
not so learned to know them3 ,but1 some 
,parts of a ,human ,creature1 ,man names
 ,vital2 because1 the least disturbance 
of any of those ,parts1 endangers the   
,human ,life3 and if any of those ,vital
 ,parts are diminished1 ,i doubt whether
 they can be restored2 but if some of   

those ,parts can be restored1 ,i doubt  
all cannot4 ,the ,vital ,parts are1 the 
,heart1 ,liver1 ,lungs1 ,stomack1       
,kidneys1 ,bladder1 ,gaul1 ,guts1       
,brains1 ,radical ,humours1 or ,vital   
,spirits2 and others which ,i know not  
of4 ,but this is to be noted1 ,that ,man
 is composed of ,rare and ,solid ,parts1
 of which there are more and less       
,solid1 more and less ,rare2 as also1   
different sorts of ,solid1 and different
 sorts of ,rare3 also1 different sorts  
of ,soft and ,hard ,parts2 likewise1 of 
,fixt and ,loose ,parts2 also1 of ,swift
 and ,slow ,parts4 ,i mean by ,fixt1    
those that are more firmly united4      
,,chap4 ,,iii4 ,of ,human ,humours4     
,humours are such ,parts1 that some of  
them may be divided from the whole      
,body1 without danger to the whole      
,body2 so that they are somewhat like   
,excremental parts1 which ,excremental  
parts1 are the superfluous parts3 for1  
though the ,humours be so necessary1    
that the ,body could not well subsist   

without them2 yet1 a ,superfluity of    
them is as dangerous1 7if not more7 as a
 ,scarcity4 ,but there are many sorts of
 ,humours belonging to a ,human         
,creature1 although ,man names but      
,four1 according to the ,four ,elements1
 viz4 ,flegm1 ,choler1 ,melancholy1 and 
,blood3 but1 in my opinion1 there are   
not only several sorts of ,choler1      
,flegm1 ,melancholy1 and ,blood2 but    
other sorts that are none of these      
,four4     ,,chap4 ,,iv4 ,of ,,blood4   
,i have heard1 that the ,opinions of the
 most ,learned ,men1 are1 ,that all     
,animal ,creatures have ,blood1 or at   
least1 such ,juyces that are in lieu of 
,blood2 which ,blood1 or ,juyces1 move  
circularly3 for my part1 ,i am too      
ignorant to dispute with ,learned ,men2 
but yet ,i am confident1 a ,moth 7which 
is a sort of ,worm1 or ,fly1 that eats  
,cloth7 hath no ,blood1 no1 nor any     
,juyce2 for1 so soon as it is touched1  
it dissolves straight to a dry dust1 or 
like ashes4 ,and there are many other   

,animals1 or ,insects1 that have no     
appearance of ,blood2 therefore the life
 of an ,animal doth not consist of      
,blood3 ,and as for the ,circulation of 
,blood1 there are many ,animal          
,creatures that have not proper         
,vessels1 as ,veins and ,arteries1 or   
any such ,gutters1 for their ,blood1 or 
,juyce1 to circulate through4 ,but1 say 
the ,blood of ,man1 or of such like     
,animal1 doth circulate2 then it is to  
be studied1 ,whether the several parts  
of the ,blood do intermix with each     
other1 as it flows2 or1 whether it flows
 as ,water seems to do2 where the       
following parts may be as great         
strangers to the ,leading parts1 as in a
 ,crowd of ,people1 where some of those 
behind1 do not know those that are      
before3 but1 if the ,blood doth not     
intermix as it flows1 then it will be   
very difficult for a ,chyrurgion1 or    
,physician1 to find where the ill ,blood
 runs3 besides1 if the ,blood be        
continually flowing1 when a sick ,man is

 to be let blood1 before the ,vein is   
opened1 the bad ,blood may be past that 
,part1 or ,vein1 and so only the good   
,blood will be let out2 and then the    
,man may become worse than if he had not
 been let blood4     ,,chap4 ,v4 ,of the
 ,radical ,humours1 or ,parts4   ,there 
are many ,parts in a ,human ,body1 that 
are as the ,foundation of a ,house2 and 
being the ,foundation1 if any of those  
,parts be removed or decayed1 the ,house
 immediately falls to ruine4 ,these     
,fundamental ,parts1 are those we name  
the ,vital ,parts2 amongst which are    
those ,parts we name the ,vital and     
,radical ,spirits1 which are the ,oyl   
and ,flame of a ,human ,creature1       
causing the ,body to have that we name a
 ,natural ,heat1 and a ,radical         
,moisture4 ,but it is to be noted1 ,that
 these ,parts1 or ,corporeal ,motions1  
are not like gross ,oyl1 or ,flame3 for1
 ,i believe1 there are more differences 
between those ,flames1 and ordinary     
,flames1 than between the ,light of the 

,sun1 and the ,flame of a ,tallow       
,candle2 and as much difference between 
this ,oyl1 and the greasie ,oyl1 as     
between the purest ,essence1 and        
,lamp-,oyl4 ,but1 these ,vital ,parts   
are as necessary to the ,human ,life1 as
 the solid ,vital ,parts1 viz4 the      
,heart1 ,liver1 ,lungs1 ,brains1 and the
 like4     ,,chap4 ,,vi4 ,of ,expelling 
,malignant ,disorders in a ,human       
,creature4   ,expelling of ,poyson1 or  
any ,malignity in the ,body1 is1 when   
that ,malignity hath not got1 or is not 
setled into the ,vital ,parts2 so that  
the ,regular ,motions of the ,vital     
,parts1 and other ,parts of the ,body1  
endeavour to defend themselves from the 
,forrein ,malignancies2 which if they   
do1 then the ,malignant ,motions do     
dilate to the ,exterior ,parts1 and     
issue out of those ,exterior ,passages1 
at least1 through some2 as1 either by   
the way of ,purging1 ,vomiting1         
,sweating1 or ,transpiration1 which is a
 breathing through the ,pores1 or other 

passages4 ,after the same manner is the 
expelling of ,surfeits1 or              
,superfluities of ,natural ,humours3    
but1 if the ,malignity or ,surfeit1     
,superfluity or superfluous ,humours1   
have the better1 7as ,i may say7 then   
those ,irregular ,motions1 by their     
,disturbances1 cause the ,regular       
,motions to be ,irregular1 and to follow
 the ,mode2 which is1 to imitate        
,strangers1 or the most ,powerful2 the  
most ,fantastical1 or the most          
debauch'd3 for it is1 many times1       
amongst the ,interior ,motions of the   
,body1 as with the ,exterior ,actions of
 ,men4     ,,chap4 ,,vii4 ,of ,human    
,digestions and ,evacuations4   ,to     
treat of the several particular         
,digestive ,actions of a ,human         
,creature1 is impossible3 for1 not only 
every part of ,food hath a several      
manner of ,digestive ,action2 but1 every
 action in ,transpiration1 is a sort of 
,digestion and ,evacuation3 so that1    
though every sort of ,digestion and     

,evacuation1 may be ghest at2 yet1 every
 ,particular is not so known1 that it   
can be described4 ,but this is to be    
noted1 ,that there is no ,creature that 
hath ,digestive ,motions1 but hath      
,evacuating ,motions2 which ,actions1   
although they are but ,dividing1 and    
,uniting2 yet they are such different   
manners and ways of uniting and         
dividing1 that the most observing ,man  
cannot particularly know them1 and so   
not express them3 but1 the ,uniting     
actions1 if regular1 are the ,nourishing
 actions2 the ,dividing actions1 if     
regular1 are the ,cleansing actions3 but
 if irregular1 the ,uniting actions are 
the ,obstructive actions2 and the       
,dividing actions1 the ,destructive     
actions4     ,,chap4 ,,viii4 ,of        
,,diseases in general4   ,there are many
 sorts of ,human ,diseases2 yet1 all    
sorts of ,diseases are ,irregular       
,corporeal ,motions2 but1 every sort of 
,motion is of a different ,figure3 so   
that1 several ,diseases are different   

,irregular ,figurative ,motions2 and    
according as the ,figurative ,motions   
vary1 so do the ,diseases3 but1 as there
 are ,human ,diseases1 so there are     
,human ,defects2 which ,defects 7if they
 be those which ,man names ,natural7    
cannot be rectified by any ,human       
,means4 ,also1 there are ,human ,decays1
 and ,old ,age2 which1 although they    
cannot be prevented1 or avoided2 yet1   
they may1 by good ,order1 and wise      
,observations1 be retarded3 but there   
are not only numerous sorts of          
,diseases1 but every particular it self1
 and every particular sort1 are more or 
less different2 insomuch1 that seldom a 
,disease of one and the same sort1 is   
just alike1 but there are some          
differences2 as in ,men1 who though they
 be all of one sort of ,animal-kind1 yet
 seldom any two ,men are just alike3 and
 the same may be said of ,diseases both 
of ,body and ,mind2 as for example1     
concerning ,irregular ,minds1 as in     
,mad-,men2 ,although all ,mad-,men are  

mad1 yet not mad alike2 though they all 
have the ,disease either of ,sensitive  
or ,rational ,madness1 or are both      
,sensitively and ,rationally mad4 ,also1
 this is to be noted1 ,that as several  
,diseases may be produced from several  
,causes1 so several ,diseases from one3 
,cause1 and one ,disease from several   
,causes2 which is the cause that a      
,physician ought to be a long and       
subtile ,observer and ,practiser1 before
 he can arrive to that ,experience which
 belongs to a good ,physician4          
,,chap4 ,,ix4 ,of the ,fundamental      
,diseases4   ,there are numerous sorts  
of ,diseases1 to which ,human ,creatures
 are subject2 and yet there are but few 
,fundamental ,maladies2 which are these 
as follow2 ,pain1 ,sickness1 ,weakness1 
,dizziness1 ,numbness1 ,deadness1       
,madness1 ,fainting and ,swounding2 of  
which one is particular1 the rest are   
general3 ,the particular is ,sickness1  
to which no parts of the ,body are      
subject1 but the ,stomack3 for1 though  

any parts of the ,body may have ,pain1  
,numbness1 ,dizziness1 ,weakness1 or    
,madness2 yet in no part can be that    
which we name ,sickness1 but the        
,stomack4 ,as for ,dizziness1 the       
,effects are general1 as may be observed
 in some drunken ,men3 for1 many times1 
the ,head will be in good temper1 when  
the ,leggs 7,i cannot say1 are dizzie1  
yet7 will be so drunk1 as neither to go 
or stand2 and many times the ,tongue    
will be so drunk1 as not to speak plain1
 when all the rest of the body is well  
temper'd2 at least so well1 as not to be
 any ways perceived1 but by the tripping
 of their ,speech3 but1 as ,i said1 no  
,part is subject to be sick1 but the    
,stomack3 ,and though there are numerous
 sorts of ,pains to which every ,part is
 subject1 and every several ,part hath a
 several ,pain2 yet they are still      
,pain4 ,but some may say1 ,that there   
are also several sorts of ,sicknesses4  
,i grant it2 but yet those several sorts
 of ,sicknesses1 belong only to the     

,stomack1 and to no other ,part of the  
,body4     ,the ,ninth ,part4           
,,chap4 ,i4 ,of ,,sickness4   ,to go on 
as orderly as ,i can1 ,i will treat of  
the ,fundamental ,diseases1 and first of
 ,sickness1 by reason it is the most    
particular ,disease3 for though1 as ,i  
have said1 no part of a ,human ,creature
 is subject to that ,disease1 7namely1  
,sickness7 but the ,stomack2 yet1 there 
are different sorts of ,sicknesses of   
the ,stomack2 as for example1 ,some     
sorts of ,sickness is like the flowing  
and ebbing of the ,sea3 for1 the        
,humours of the ,stomack agitate in that
 manner1 as1 if the flowing motions flow
 upwards1 it occasions ,vomiting2 if    
downwards1 ,purging3 if the ,humours    
divide1 as1 partly to flow upwards1 and 
partly downwards1 it occasions both     
,vomiting and ,purging4  ,but the       
,question is1 ,whether it is the motion 
of the ,humours1 that occasions the     
,stomack to be sick2 or the sickness of 
the ,stomack1 that occasions the        

,humours to flow8  ,i answer3 ,that 'tis
 probable1 that sometimes the flowing of
 the ,humours causes the ,stomack to be 
sick2 and sometimes the sickness of the 
,stomack occasions the ,humours to flow2
 and sometimes the ,stomack will be sick
 without the flowing of ,humours1 as    
when the ,stomack is empty2 and         
sometimes the ,humours will flow1       
without any disturbance to the ,stomack2
 and sometimes both the ,humours and the
 ,stomack do jointly agree in           
,irregularities3 but1 as ,i said1 there 
are several sorts of sicknesses of the  
,stomack1 or at least1 that sickness    
doth produce several sorts of ,effects2 
as1 for example1 some sorts of sickness 
will occasion faint and cold ,sweats2   
which sick ,motion is not flowing up or 
down of the ,humours2 but it is a cold  
dilatation1 or rarifying1 after a       
breathing manner2 also expelling of     
those rarified parts through the pores3 
,other sorts of ,motions of the         
,humours1 are like ,boyling motions1    

viz4 ,bubling motions2 which occasion   
steaming or watry vapours1 to ascend to 
the ,head2 which vapours are apt to     
cloud the perception of ,sight4 ,other  
sorts of sick ,motions1 are ,circular1  
and those cause a swimming1 or a dizzie 
motion in the ,head1 and sometimes a    
staggering motion in the ,leggs4 ,other 
sorts of sick ,motions are occasioned   
through  tough and clammy ,humours1 the 
motion of which ,humours1 is a winding  
or turning in such a manner1 that it    
removes not from its ,center2 and until 
such time as that ,turning or ,winding  
,motions alter1 or the ,humour is cast  
out of the ,stomack1 the ,patient finds 
little or no ease4     ,,chap4 ,,ii4 ,of
 ,,pain4   ,as ,i said1 ,no ,part is    
subject to be sick1 but the ,stomack2   
but every several ,part of a ,human     
,creature1 is subject to ,pain2 and not 
only so1 but every particular ,part is  
subject to several sorts of ,pain2 and  
every several sort of ,pain1 hath a     
several ,figurative ,motion3 but to know

 the different ,figurative ,motions1    
will require a subtile ,observation3    
for1 though those painful ,parts1 know  
their own ,figurative ,motions2 yet1 the
 whole ,creature 7suppose ,man7 doth not
 know them4 ,but it may be observed1    
,whether they are caused by ,irregular  
,contractions or ,attractions1          
,dilatations or ,retentions1 ,expulsions
 or ,irregular ,pressures and           
,re-actions1 or ,irregular              
,transformations1 or the like2 and by   
those ,observations1 one may apply1 or  
endeavour to apply proper ,remedies3 but
 all ,pain proceeds from ,irregular and 
perturbed ,motions4     ,,chap4 ,,iii4  
,of ,,dizziness4   ,i ,cannot say1      
,dizziness belongs only to the ,head of 
an ,animal ,creature1 because we may    
observe1 by irregular ,drinkers1 that   
sometimes the ,leggs will seem more     
drunk than their ,heads2 and sometimes  
all the ,parts of their ,body will seem 
to be temperate1 as being ,regular1 but 
only the ,tongue seems to be drunk3 for1

 staggering of the ,leggs1 and a        
staggering of the ,tongue1 or the like1 
in a drunken ,distemper1 is a sort of   
,dizziness1 although not such a sort as 
that which belongs to the ,head2 so     
that1 when a man is dead-drunk1 we may  
say1 that every part of the ,body is    
,dizzily drunk4 ,but mistake me not2 for
 ,i do not mean1 that all sorts of      
dizzinesses proceed from drinking2 ,i   
only bring ,drunkenness for an ,example3
 but1 the ,effects of dizziness of the  
,head1 and other parts of the ,body1    
proceed from different ,causes2 for1    
some proceed from ,wind1 not ,wine2     
others from ,vapour2 some from the      
perception of some ,forrein ,object2 and
 numbers of the like ,examples may be   
found4 ,but this is to be noted1 ,that  
all such sorts of ,swimming and         
,dizziness in the ,head1 are produced   
from ,circular ,figurative ,motions4    
,also it is to be noted1 ,that many     
times the ,rational ,corporeal ,motions 
are ,irregular with the ,sensitive1 but 

not always3 for1 sometimes in these and 
the like ,distempers1 the ,sensitive    
will be ,irregular1 and the ,rational   
,regular2 but1 for the most part1 the   
,rational is so compliant with the      
,sensitive1 as to be ,regular1 or       
,irregular1 as the ,sensitive is4       
,,chap4 ,,iv4 ,of the ,brain seeming to 
turn round in the ,head4   ,when the    
,human ,brain seems to turn round1 the  
cause is1 that some ,vapours do move in 
a ,circular ,figure1 which causes the   
,head to be dizzy2 as when a man turns  
round1 not only his ,head will be dizzy1
 but all the ,exterior ,parts of his    
,body2 insomuch that some1 by often     
turning round1 will fall down2 but if1  
before they fall1 they turn the contrary
 way1 they will be free from that       
dizziness3 ,the reason of which is1     
,that1 by turning the contrary way1 the 
,body is brought to the same posture it 
was before2 as1 when a man hath         
travell'd some way1 and returns the same
 way back1 he returns to the place where

 first he began his ,journey4           
,,chap4 ,v4 ,of ,,weakness4   ,there are
 many sorts of ,weakness2 some ,weakness
 proceeds from ,age2 others1 through    
want of ,food2 others are occasioned by 
,oppression2 others1 by ,disorders and  
,irregularities2 and so many other      
sorts1 that it would be too tedious to  
repeat them1 could ,i know them3 ,but1  
such sorts of ,weakness1 as ,human      
,creatures are subject to1 after some   
,disease or ,sickness1 are somewhat like
 ,weariness after a ,laborious or       
over-hard ,action2 as1 when a ,man hath 
run fast1 or laboured hard1 he fetches  
his breath short and thick2 and as most 
of the ,sensitive ,actions are by       
degrees1 so is a ,returning to ,health  
after ,sickness3 but1 all               
,irregularities are ,laborious4         
,,chap4 ,,vi4 ,of ,,swounding4   ,the   
cause why a ,man in ,swound1 is1 for a  
time1 as if he were dead2 is1 an        
,irregularity amongst some of the       
,interior ,corporeal ,motions1 which    

causes an ,irregularity of the ,exterior
 ,corporeal ,motions1 and so a general  
,irregularity2 which is the cause that a
 ,man appears as if he were dead4  ,but 
some may say1 ,a ,man in a ,swound is   
void of all ,motion4  ,i answer3 ,that  
cannot be3 for1 if the ,man was really  
dead1 yet his ,parts are moving1 though 
they move not according to the property 
or nature of a living ,man3 but1 if the 
,body had not consistent ,motions1 and  
the ,parts did not hold together1 it    
would be dissolved in a moment2 and when
 the ,parts do divide1 they must divide 
by ,self-motion3 but1 in a ,man in a    
,swound1 some of his ,corporeal ,motions
 are only altered from the property and 
nature of a living ,man2 ,i say1 some of
 his ,corporeal ,motions1 not all3      
,neither do those ,motions quite alter  
from the nature of a living ,man1 so as 
the alterations of the ,fundamental     
,motions do3 but they are so alter'd1 as
 ,language may be alter'd1 viz4 ,from   
,hebrew to ,greek1 ,latin1 ,french1     

,spanish1 ,english1 and many others2 and
 although they are all but ,languages1  
yet they are several ,languages or      
,speeches2 so the alteration of the     
,corporeal ,motions of a ,man in a      
,swound1 is but as the altering of one  
sort of ,language to another2 as put the
 case1 ,english were the ,natural       
,language or ,speech1 then all other    
,languages were unknown to him that     
knows no other than his ,natural3 ,so a 
,man in a ,swound is ignorant of those  
,motions in the ,swound3 but1 when those
 ,motions return to the ,nature of a    
living ,man1 he hath the same knowledg  
he had before4 ,thus ,human ,ignorance1 
and ,human ,knowledg1 may be occasioned 
by the alterations of the ,corporeal    
,motions4  ,the truth is1 that          
,swounding and ,reviving1 is like       
,forgetfulness and ,remembrance1 that   
is1 ,alteration and ,repetition1 or     
,exchange of the same ,actions4         
,,chap4 ,,vii4 ,of ,numb and ,dead      
,palsies1 or ,gangren's4   ,as for ,numb

 and ,dead ,palsies1 they proceed not   
only from disordered and ,irregular     
,motions1 but from such ,figurative     
,motions as are quite different from the
 nature of the ,creature3 for1 though it
 be natural for a ,man to dye2 yet the  
,figurative ,motions of ,death are quite
 different from the ,figurative ,motions
 of ,life2 so in respect to that which  
,man names ,life1 that which ,man names 
,death1 is unnatural3 but1 as there are 
several sorts of that ,man names ,life1 
or ,lives2 so there are several sorts of
 those ,corporeal ,motions1 ,man names  
,death3 but1 ,dead ,palsies of some     
,parts of a ,man's ,body1 are not like  
those of a ,man when he is1 as we say1  
quite dead2 for1 those are not only such
 sorts of ,motions that are quite1 or   
absolutely different from the life of   
the ,man1 or such like ,creature2 but   
such as dissolve the whole ,frame1 or   
,figure of the ,creature3 ,but1 the     
,motions of a ,dead ,palsie1 are not    
dissolving ,motions1 although they are  

different from the natural living       
,motions of a ,man4 ,the same1 in some  
manner1 are ,numb ,palsies2 only the    
,motions of ,numb ,palsies are not so   
absolutely different from the ,natural  
living ,motions2 but have more          
,irregularities1 than perfect           
,alterations4 ,as for that sort of      
,numbness we name ,sleepy ,numbness1 it 
is occasioned through some obstruction  
that hinders and stops the ,exterior    
,sensitive ,perception4 ,as1 when the   
,eyes are shut1 or blinded1 or the ,ears
 stopt1 or the ,nostrils2 the ,sensitive
 ,figurative ,motions of those          
,sensitive ,organs1 cannot make         
,perceptions of ,forrein ,objects3 so1  
when the ,pores of the ,flesh1 which are
 the perceptive ,organs of ,forrein     
,touches1 are stopt1 either by too heavy
 burthens or pressings1 or tying some   
,parts so hard1 as to close the         
,exterior ,organs1 7viz4 the ,pores7    
they cannot make such ,perceptions as   
belong to ,touch3 but1 when those       

hinderances are removed1 then the       
,sensitive ,perception of ,touch1 is1 in
 a short time1 as perfect as before4    
,as for ,gangren's1 although they are   
somewhat like ,dead ,palsies1 yet they  
are more like those sorts of dead       
,corporeal ,motions1 that dissolve the  
,frame and ,form of a ,creature3 for1   
,gangren's dissolve the ,frame and ,form
 of the ,diseased ,part2 and the like do
 all those ,corporeal ,motions that     
cause ,rottenness1 or ,parts to divide  
and separate after a rotten manner4     
,,chap4 ,,viii4 ,of ,,madness4   ,there 
are several sorts of that ,distemper    
named ,madness2 but they all proceed    
through the ,irregularities1 either of  
the ,rational1 or the ,sensitive ,parts2
 and sometimes from the ,irregularities 
both of ,sense and ,reason3 but these   
,irregularities are not such as are     
quite different from the ,nature or     
,property of a ,human ,creature1 but are
 only such ,irregularities as make false
 ,perceptions of ,forrein ,objects1 or  

else make strange ,conceptions2 or move 
after the manner of ,dreams in          
waking-actions2 which is not according  
to the ,perception of present ,objects3 
,as for example1 ,the ,sensitive        
,motions of the ,exterior ,parts1 make  
several ,pictures on the outside of the 
,organs2 when as no such ,object is     
present2 and that is the reason ,mad-men
 see strange and unusual ,sights1 hear  
strange and unusual ,sounds1 have       
strange and unusual ,tasts and ,touch3  
but1 when the ,irregularities are only  
amongst the ,rational ,parts1 then those
 that are so diseased1 have violent     
,passions1 strange ,conceptions1 wild   
,fancies1 various ,opinions1 dangerous  
,designs1 strong ,resolutions1 broken   
,memories1 imperfect ,remembrances1 and 
the like4 ,but1 when both the ,sensitive
 and ,rational are sympathetically      
disorderly2 then the ,mad-men will talk 
extravagantly1 or laugh1 sing1 sigh1    
weep1 tremble1 complain1 c4 without     
cause4     ,,chap4 ,,ix4 ,the ,sensitive

 and ,rational ,parts may be distinctly 
,mad4   ,the ,senses may be irregularly 
,mad1 and not the ,reason2 and the      
,reason may be irregularly mad1 and not 
the ,sense2 and1 both ,sense and ,reason
 may be both sympathetically mad3 ,and1 
an evident proof that there is a        
,rational and ,sensitive ,madness1 is1  
,that those whose ,rational ,parts are  
,regular1 and only some of the          
,sensitive ,irregular1 will speak       
soberly1 and declare to their ,friends1 
how some of their ,senses are           
distemper'd1 and how they see strange   
and unusual ,sights1 hear unusual       
,sounds1 smell unusual ,sents1 feel     
unusual ,touches1 and desire some       
,remedy for their ,distempers4 ,also1 it
 may be observed1 ,that sometimes the   
,rational ,parts are madly distemper'd1 
and not the ,sensitive2 as when the     
,sensitive ,parts make no false         
,perceptions1 but only the ,rational2   
and then only the ,mind is out of order1
 and is extravagant1 and not the        

,senses3 but1 when the ,senses and      
,reason are madly ,irregular1 then the  
diseased ,man is that we name1          
,outragiously ,mad4      ,,chap4 ,x4    
,the ,parts of the ,head are not only   
subject to ,madness1 but also the other 
,parts of the ,body4   ,madness is not  
only in the ,head1 but in other ,parts  
of the ,body3 ,as for example1 ,some    
will feel unusual ,touches in their     
,hands1 and several other parts of their
 ,body4 ,we may also observe by the     
several and strange ,postures of        
,mad-men1 that the several ,parts of the
 ,body are madly distemper'd4 ,and it is
 to be noted1 ,that sometimes some      
,parts of the ,body are mad1 and not the
 other2 as1 sometimes only the ,eyes1   
sometimes only the ,ears2 and so of the 
rest of the ,organs1 and of the rest of 
the ,parts of the ,body2 one ,part only 
being mad1 and the rest in good order4  
,moreover1 it is to be noted1 ,that some
 are not continually mad1 but only mad  
by fits1 or at certain times2 and those 

fits1 or certain times of disorders1    
proceed from a custom or habit of the   
,rational or ,sensitive ,motions1 to    
move ,irregularly at such times2 and a  
proof that all the ,parts are subject to
 the ,distemper of ,madness1 is1 ,that  
every part of the ,body of those sorts  
of ,mad-men that believe their ,bodies  
to be ,glass1 moves in a careful and    
wary motion1 for fear of breaking in    
pieces3 ,neither are the ,exterior      
,parts only subject to the ,distemper of
 ,madness1 but the ,interior ,parts2 as 
may be observed1 when the whole ,body   
will tremble through a mad fear1 and the
 ,heart will beat disorderly1 and the   
,stomack will many times be sick4       
,,chap4 ,,xi4 ,the ,rational and        
,sensitive ,parts of a ,human ,creature1
 are apt to disturb each other4         
,although the ,rational and ,sensitive  
,corporeal ,motions1 may1 and do        
sometimes disagree2 yet1 for the most   
part1 there is such a sympathetical     
,agreement between the ,sensitive and   

,rational ,corporeal ,motions of one    
,society1 7viz4 of one ,creature7 as    
they often disturb each other3 ,as for  
example1 ,if the ,rational ,motions are 
so irregular1 as to make imaginary      
,fears1 or fearful ,imaginations1 these 
fearful ,imaginations cause the         
,sensitive ,corporeal motions1 to move  
according to the ,irregularities of the 
,rational2 which is the cause1 in such  
fears1 that a man seems to see strange  
and unusual ,objects1 to hear strange   
and unusual ,sounds1 to smell unusual   
,sents1 to feel unusual ,touches1 and to
 be carried to unusual ,places2 not that
 there are such ,objects1 but the       
,irregular ,senses make such ,pictures  
in the ,sensitive ,organs2 and the whole
 ,body may1 through the strength of the 
,irregular motions1 move strangely to   
unusual places3 ,as for example1 ,a     
,mad-man1 in a strong mad fit1 will be  
as strong as ,ten men2 whereas1 when the
 mad ,fit is over1 he seems weaker than 
usually1 or regularly1 he uses to be2   

not that the ,self-moving ,parts of     
,nature are capable of being weaker1 or 
stronger1 than naturally they are3 but  
having liberty to move as they will1    
they may move stronger1 or weaker1      
swifter or slower1 regularly or         
irregularly1 as they please2 nor doth   
,nature commonly use ,force4 ,but this  
is to be noted1 ,that there being a     
general ,agreement amongst the          
particular ,parts1 they are more        
forcible than when those ,parts are     
divided into ,factions and ,parties3 so 
that in a general ,irregular ,commotion 
or ,action1 all the ,sensitive ,parts of
 the ,body of a man1 agree to move with 
an extraordinary force1 after an unusual
 manner2 provided it be not different   
from the property and nature of their   
,compositions2 that is1 not different   
from the ,property and ,nature of a     
,man4 ,but this is likewise to be noted1
 ,that in a general ,agreement1 man may 
have other ,properties1 than when the   
whole ,body is governed by ,parts1 as it

 is usual when the ,body is ,regular1   
and that every ,part moves in his proper
 ,sphere1 as ,i may say1 7for example7  
the ,head1 ,heart1 ,lungs1 ,stomack1    
,liver1 and so the rest1 where each     
,part doth move in several sorts of     
,actions4 ,the like may also may be said
 of the ,parts of the ,leggs and ,hands1
 which are different sorts of ,actions2 
yet all move to the use and benefit of  
the whole ,body3 but1 if the ,corporeal 
motions in the ,hands1 and so in the    
,leggs1 be irregular1 they will not help
 the rest of the ,parts2 and so1 in     
short1 the same happens in all the      
,parts of the ,body1 whereof some ,parts
 may be ,regular1 and others ,irregular2
 and sometimes all may be ,irregular4   
,but1 to conclude this ,chapter1 the    
,body may have unusual ,force and       
,properties2 as when a man says1 ,he was
 carried and flung into a ,ditch1 or    
some place distant2 and that he was     
pinch't1 and did see strange sights1    
heard strange sounds1 smelt strange     

scents2 all which may very well be      
caused by the ,irregular motions1 either
 by a general ,irregularity1 or by some 
particular ,irregularity2 and the truth 
is1 ,the particular ,corporeal motions1 
know not the power of the general1 until
 they unite by a general ,agreement2 and
 sometimes there may be such ,commotions
 in the ,body of a ,man1 as in a        
,common-wealth1 where many times there  
is a general ,uproar and ,confusion1 and
 none know the ,cause1 or who began it4 
,but this is to be noted1 ,that if the  
,sensitive motions begin the ,disorder1 
then they cause the ,rational to be so  
disordered1 as they can neither advise  
wisely1 or direct orderly1 or perswade  
effectually4      ,,chap4 ,,xii4 ,of    
,diseases produced by ,conceit4   ,,as  
there are numerous sorts of ,diseases1  
so there are numerous manners or ways of
 the production of ,diseases2 and those 
,diseases that are produced by ,conceit1
 are first occasioned by the ,rational  
,corporeal ,figurative ,motions3 for1   

though every several ,conceit1 or       
,imagination1 is a several ,rational    
,corporeal ,figurative ,motion2 yet1    
every ,conceit or ,imagination doth not 
produce a ,sensitive ,effect3 but in    
those that do produce a ,sensitive      
,effect1 it is the ,conceit or          
,imagination of some sorts of ,diseases2
 but in most of those sorts that are    
dangerous to ,life1 or causes           
,deformity3 ,the reason is1 ,that as all
 the ,parts of ,nature are              
,self-knowing1 so they are ,self-loving3
 ,also1 ,regular ,societies beget an    
united ,love1 by ,regular ,agreements1  
which cause a ,rational ,fear of a      
disuniting1 or dissolving2 and that is  
the reason1 that upon the perception of 
such a ,disease1 the ,rational1 through 
some disorder1 figures that ,disease2   
and the ,sensitive ,corporeal ,motions1 
take a pattern from the ,rational1 and  
so the ,disease is produced4      ,the  
,tenth ,part4     ,,chap4 ,i4 ,of       
,,fevers4   ,some are of opinion1 ,that 

all1 or1 at least1 most ,diseases1 are  
accompanied1 more or less1 with a       
,feverous ,distemper3 ,if so1 then we   
may say1 ,a ,fever is the ,fundamental  
,disease3 but1 whether that ,opinion is 
true1 or no1 ,i know not2 but ,i        
observe1 there are many sorts of        
,fevers1 and so there are of all other  
,diseases or ,distempers3 for1 every    
alteration1 or difference1 of one and   
the same kind of ,disease1 is a several 
sort4 ,as for ,fevers1 ,i have observed1
 there are ,fevers in the ,blood1 or    
,humours1 and not in any of the ,vital  
,parts2 and those are ordinary          
,burning-,fevers3 and there are other   
sorts of ,fevers that are in the ,vital 
,parts1 and all other ,parts of the     
,body1 and those are ,malignant ,fevers2
 and there are some sorts of ,fevers    
which are in the ,radical ,humours1 and 
those are ,hectick ,fevers2 and there   
are other sorts of ,fevers that are in  
those ,parts1 which we name the         
,spiritous ,parts4 ,also1 all           

,consumptions are accompanied with a    
,feverish ,distemper3 but1 what the     
several ,figurative ,motions are of     
these several sorts of ,fevers1 ,i      
cannot tell4     ,,chap4 ,,ii4 ,of the  
,,plague4   ,there are ,two visible     
sorts of the ,disease named the ,plague3
 ,the weaker sort is that which produces
 ,swellings1 or inflamed or corrupted   
,sores1 which are accompanied with a    
,fever4 ,the other sort is that which is
 named the ,spotted ,plague4 ,the ,first
 sort is sometimes ,curable2 but the    
,second is ,incurable2 at least1 no     
,remedy as yet hath been found4 ,the    
truth is1 the ,spotted ,plague is a     
,gangrene1 but is somewhat different    
from other sorts of ,gangren's2 for this
 begins amongst the ,vital ,parts1 and1 
by an ,infection1 spreads to the        
,extream ,parts2 and not only so1 but to
 ,forrein ,parts2 which makes not only a
 general ,infection amongst all the     
several ,parts of the ,body1 but the    
,infection spreads it self to other     

,bodies4 ,and whereas other sorts of    
,gangren's begin outwardly1 and pierce  
inwardly2 the ,plaguy ,gangrene begins  
inwardly1 and pierces outwardly3 so as  
the difference 7as ,i said7 is1 ,that   
the ordinary sort of ,gangren's infect  
the next adjoining ,parts of the ,body1 
by moderate degrees2 whereas the ,plaguy
 ,gangrene infects not only the         
adjoining ,parts of the same ,body1 and 
that suddenly1 but infects ,forreign    
,bodies4 ,also1 the ordinary ,gangren's 
may be stopped from their ,infection1 by
 taking off the ,parts infected1 or     
diseased4 ,but the ,plaguy ,gangrene can
 no ways be stopped1 because the ,vital 
,parts cannot be separated from the rest
 of the ,parts1 without a total ruine3  
besides1 it pierces and spreads more    
suddenly1 than ,remedies can be applyed4
 ,but1 whether there are ,applications  
of ,preventions1 ,i know not2 for1 those
 ,studies belong more to the            
,physicians1 than to a ,natural         
,philosopher4 ,as for the ,diseases we  

name the ,purples1 and the ,spotted     
,fever1 they are of the same ,kind1 or  
,kindred1 although not of the same sort1
 as ,measles1 and the ,small-,pox4 ,but 
this is to be noted1 ,that ,infection is
 an act of ,imitation3 for1 one ,part   
cannot give another ,part a ,disease1   
but only that some imitate the same     
sorts of ,irregular ,actions of other   
,parts2 of which some are near adjoining
 ,imitators1 and some occasion a general
 ,mode4      ,,chap4 ,,iii4 ,of the     
,small-,pox1 and ,measles4   ,the       
,small-,pox is somewhat like the        
,sore-,plague1 not only by being        
,infectious1 as both sorts of ,plagues  
are2 but1 by being of a corrupt ,nature1
 as the ,sore-,plague is2 only the      
,small-,pox is innumerable1 or very many
 small ,sores2 whereas the ,sore-,plague
 is but one or two great ,sores4 ,also1 
the ,small-,pox and ,sore-,plague1 are  
alike in this1 ,that if they rise and   
break1 or if they fall not flat1 but    
remain until they be dry and scabbed1   

the ,patient lives3 but1 if they fall   
flat1 and neither break1 nor are        
scabbed1 the ,patient is in danger to   
dye4 ,also1 it is to be noted1 ,that    
this ,disease is sometimes accompanied  
with a ,feverish ,distemper2 ,i say1    
,sometimes1 not ,always2 and that is the
 cause that many dye1 either with too   
hot1 or too cooling ,applications3 for1 
in a ,feverish ,distemper1 hot ,cordials
 are ,poyson2 and when there is no      
,fever1 ,cooling ,remedies are ,opium3  
,the like for letting ,blood2 for if the
 ,disease be accompanied with a ,fever1 
and the ,fever be not abated by letting 
,blood1 'tis probable the ,fever1 joyned
 with the ,pox1 will destroy the        
,patient3 and if no ,fever1 and yet     
loose ,blood1 the ,pox hath not         
sufficient ,moisture to dilate1 nor a   
sufficient natural ,vapour to breathe1  
or respirate2 so as the ,life of the    
,patient is choaked or  stifled with the
 contracted ,corruptions4 ,as for       
,measles1 though they are of the same   

kind1 yet not of the same sort2 for they
 are rather ,small ,risings1 than       
,corrupted ,sores1 and so are less      
dangerous4     ,,chap4 ,,iv4 ,of the    
,intermission of ,fevers or ,agues4     
,agues have several sorts of            
,distempers1 and those quite opposite to
 each other1 as ,cold and ,shaking1 ,hot
 and ,burning1 besides ,sweating3 ,also1
 there are several times of             
,intermissions2 as some are ,every-day  
,agues1 some ,third-day ,agues1 and some
 ,quartan ,agues2 and some ,patient may 
be thus distempered1 many times1 in the 
compass of ,four and twenty hours3 but  
those are rather of the ,nature of      
,intermitting ,fevers1 than of perfect  
,agues4 ,also1 in ,agues1 there is many 
times a difference of the ,hot and ,cold
 fits3 for sometimes the ,cold ,fits    
will be long1 and the ,hot short2 other 
times1 the ,hot ,fits will be long1 and 
the ,cold ,fits short2 other times1 much
 of an equal degree3 but1 most          
,intermitting ,fevers and ,agues1       

proceed either from ill-digestive       
,motions1 or from a superfluity of ,cold
 and ,hot ,motions1 or an ,irregularity 
of the ,cold1 ,hot1 ,dry2 or ,moist     
,motions1 where each sort strives and   
struggles with each other4 ,but1 to make
 a comparison1 ,agues are somewhat like 
several sorts of ,weather1 as ,freezing 
and ,thawing1  ,cloudy or ,rainy1 or    
,fair and ,sun-shining days3 or like the
 ,four ,seasons of the ,year1 where the 
,cold ,fits are like ,winter1 cold and  
windy2 the ,hot ,fits like ,summer1 hot 
and dry2 the ,sweating ,fits like       
,autumn1 warm and moist2 and1 when the  
,fit is past1 like the ,spring4 ,but1 to
 conclude1 the chief ,cause of ,agues1  
is1 ,irregular ,digestions1 that make   
half-concocted ,humours2 and according  
as these half-concocted ,humours digest1
 the ,patient hath his ,aguish          
,distempers1 where some are every day1  
others every second day1 some every     
third day1 and some ,quartans3 but1 by  
reason those half-concocted ,humours1   

are of several sorts of ,humors1 some   
,cold1 some ,hot1 some ,cold and ,dry1  
some ,hot and ,dry1 or ,hot and ,moist2 
and those different sorts1 raw1 or but  
half-concocted ,humours2 they occasion  
such disorder1 not only by an unnatural 
manner of ,digestion1 as not to be      
either timely1 or regular1 by degrees2  
but1 those several sorts of ,raw        
,humours1 strive and struggle with each 
other for ,power or ,supremacy3 but1    
according as those different ,raw       
,humours concoct1 the ,fits are longer  
or shorter3 also1 according to the      
quantity of those ,raw ,humours1 and    
according as those ,humours are a       
gathering1 or breeding1 so are the times
 of those ,fits and ,intermissions4 ,but
 here is to be noted1 ,that some ,agues 
may be occasioned from some ,particular 
,irregular ,digestions2 others from a   
,general ,irregular ,digestion1 some    
from some obscure ,parts1 others from   
ordinary ,humours4     ,,chap4 ,v4 ,of  
,,consumptions4   ,there are many sorts 

of ,consumptions2 as1 some are          
,consumptions of the ,vital ,parts1 as  
the ,liver1 ,lungs1 ,kidneys1 or the    
like ,parts3 ,others1 a ,consumption of 
the ,radical ,parts3 ,others a          
,consumption of the ,spiritous ,parts3  
,other ,consumptions are only of the    
,flesh2 which1 in my opinion1 is the    
only ,curable ,consumption4 ,but1 all   
,consumptions1 are not only an          
,alteration1 but a ,wasting and         
,dis-uniting of the ,fundamental ,parts2
 only those ,consuming ,parts do1 as it 
were1 steal away by degrees2 and so1 by 
degrees1 the ,society of a ,human       
,creature is dissolved4     ,,chap4     
,,vi4 ,of ,,dropsies4   ,dropsies       
proceed from several ,causes2 as1 some  
from a decay of some of the ,vital      
,parts2 others through a superfluity of 
indigested ,humours2 some from a        
supernatural ,driness of some ,parts2   
others through a superfluity of         
,nourishing ,motions2 some1 through some
 ,obstructions2 others1 through an      

excess of ,moist ,dyet3 but1 all        
,dropsies proceed not only from         
,irregular ,motions1 but from such a    
particular ,irregularity1 as all the    
,motions endeavour to be of one ,mode1  
7as ,i may say7 that is1 ,to move after 
the manner of those sorts of ,motions   
which are the innate ,nature of ,water1 
and are some sorts of ,circular         
,dilatations3 but1 by these actions1 the
 ,human ,society endeavours to make a   
,deluge1 and to turn from the ,nature of
 ,blood and ,flesh1 to the ,nature of   
,water4     ,,chap4 ,,vii4 ,of          
,,sweating4   ,all ,sweating-,diseases  
are somewhat of the nature of ,dropsies2
 but they are 7at least1 seem to be7    
more ,exterior1 than ,interior          
,dropsies3 but1 though there be         
,sweating-,diseases which are           
,irregular2 yet1 ,regular ,sweating is  
as proper as ,regular ,breathing2 and so
 healthful1 that ,sweating              
extraordinary1 in some ,diseases1       
occasions a ,cure3 for1 ,sweating is a  

sort of ,purging2 so that the evacuation
 of ,sweat1 through the ,pores1 is as   
necessary as other sorts of evacuation1 
as ,breathing1 ,urine1 ,siege1          
,spitting1 ,purging through the ,nose1  
and the like4 ,but1 ,excess of          
,sweating1 is like other sorts of       
,fluxes1 of which1 some will scowr to   
death2 others vomit to death2 and others
 the like ,fluxes will occasion  death2 
the like is of ,sweating3 so that the   
,sweating-,sickness is but like a       
,fluxive-,sickness4 ,but1 as ,i said1   
,regular ,sweating is as necessary as   
other ordinary ,evacuations3 and as some
 are apt to be restringent1 others      
laxative2 and sometimes one and the same
 ,man will be laxative1 other times1    
costive2 so are ,men concerning         
,sweating3 and as some ,men take        
,medicines to purge by ,stool1 or       
,vomits1 or ,urine2 so they take        
,medicines to purge by ,sweating4 ,and1 
as ,man hath several sorts of           
,excremental ,humours1 so1 several sorts

 of ,sweats2 as1 ,clammy ,sweats1 ,cold 
,sweats1 ,hot ,sweats1 and ,faint       
,sweats3 and1 as all ,excess of other   
sorts of ,purgings1 causes a ,man to be 
weak and faint2 so doth ,sweating4      
,,chap4 ,,viii4 ,of ,,covghs4   ,there  
are many several sorts of ,coughs1      
proceeding from several ,causes2 as1    
some ,coughs proceed from a ,superfluity
 of ,moisture2 others from an ,unnatural
 ,heat2 others from a ,corruption of    
,humors2 others from a ,decay of the    
,vital ,parts2 others from sudden ,colds
 upon ,hot ,distempers3 ,some are caused
 by an ,interior ,wind2 some ,coughs    
proceed from ,salt ,humors1 ,bitter1    
,sharp1 and ,sweet3 some ,coughs proceed
 from ,flegm1 which ,flegm ariseth like 
a ,scum in a ,pot1 when ,meat is boiling
 on a ,fire3 for  when the ,stomack is  
distemperedly hot1 the ,humors in the   
,stomack boyl as ,liquid ,substances on 
the ,fire2 those boiling ,motions       
bearing up the gross ,humors beyond the 
,mouth of the ,stomack1 and1 causing a  

,dispute between the ,breath and        
,humors1 produce the ,effect of         
,straining1 or ,reaching upwards towards
 the ,mouth1 much like the ,nature and  
,motions of ,vomiting3 but1 by reason   
those ,motions are not so strong in     
,coughing1 as in ,vomiting1 the         
,coughing ,motions bring up only pieces 
or parts of superfluous ,flegm1 or gross
 ,spittle4 ,the like for corrupt        
,humors4 ,other ,coughs proceed from    
,unnatural or ,distempered ,heats2 which
 ,heats cause ,unnecessary ,vapours1 and
 those ,vapours ascending up from the   
,bowels1 or ,stomack1 to the ,head1 and 
finding a ,depression1 are converted or 
changed into a ,watry ,substance2 which 
,watry ,substance falls down1 like      
mizling or small ,rain1 or in bigger    
drops1 through the passage of the       
,throat and ,wind-pipe3 which being     
opprest1 and the ,breath hindered1      
causes a ,strife2 which ,striving1 is a 
,straining2 like as when ,crumbs of     
,bread1 or ,drops of ,drink1 go not     

rightly through the ,throat1 but trouble
 and obstruct the ,wind-pipe1 or when   
any such ,matter sticks in the passage  
of the ,throat3 for1 when any ,part of  
the ,body is obstructed1 it endeavours  
to release it self from those           
,obstructions3 ,also1 when the ,vapour  
that arises1 arises in very ,thin and   
,rarified ,vapour1  that ,rarified      
,vapour thickens or condenses not so    
suddenly1 being farther from the degree 
of ,water2 but when condensed into      
,water1 it falls down by drops2 which   
drops trickling down the ,throat1 7like 
as ,tears from the ,eyes trickle down   
the ,cheeks of the ,face7 the ,cough is 
not so violent1 but more frequent3 but  
if the ,rheum be salt or sharp1 that    
trickles down the ,throat1 it causes a  
gentle or soft smart1 which is much like
 the touch of ,tickling or ,itching1    
which provokes a faint or weak ,strain  
or ,cough4 ,also1 ,wind will provoke to 
,strain or ,cough3 ,the ,motion of ,wind
 is like as if ,hair should tickle the  

,nose4 ,or1 ,wind will cause a tickling 
in the ,nose1 which causes the ,effect  
of ,sneezing3 for1 ,sneezing is nothing 
but a ,cough through the ,nose2 ,i may  
say1 ,it is a ,nose-,cough4 ,and        
,hickops are but ,stomach-,coughs1 ,wind
 causing the ,stomack to strain4 ,also1 
the ,guts have ,coughs1 which are caused
 by the ,wind1 which makes a strife in  
the ,guts and ,bowels4 ,other ,coughs   
are produced from ,decayed ,parts3 for1 
when any ,part is corrupted1 it becomes 
less ,solid than naturally it should be3
 ,as for example1 ,the ,flesh of the    
,body1 when corrupted1 becomes from     
,dense ,flesh1 to a ,slimy ,substance2  
thence1 into a ,watry ,substance1 which 
falls into ,parts1 or changes from      
,flesh1 into a ,mixt ,corrupted ,matter1
 which falls into ,parts4 ,the several  
,mixtures1 or ,distempered ,substances1 
and ,irregular ,motions1 causes         
,division of the composed ,parts2 but in
 the time of dissolving1 and divisions  
of any ,part1 there is a strife which   

causes ,pain3 and if the strife be in   
the ,lungs1 it causes ,coughs1 by       
obstructing the ,breath3 but1 some      
,coughs proceed from ,vapours and       
,winds1 arising from the decayed        
,interior ,parts1 sending up ,vapours   
from the ,dissolving ,substance1 which  
causeth ,coughs2 and some ,coughs cause 
,decays of the ,prime ,interior ,parts3 
for1 when there falls from the ,head a  
constant ,distillation1 this            
,distillation is like dropping ,water1  
which will penetrate or divide ,stone2  
and more easily will dropping or        
drilling ,water do it1 as ,rheum1 will  
corrupt ,spongy ,matter as ,flesh is3   
but1 according as the ,rheum is ,fresh1 
,salt1 or ,sharp1 the ,parts are a      
longer or shorter time decaying3 for1   
,salt and ,sharp is ,corroding2 and1 by 
the ,corroding ,motions1 ,ulcerates     
those ,parts the ,salt ,rheums fall on1 
which destroys them soon4 ,as for       
,chin-,cough1 'tis a ,wind or ,vapour   
arising from the ,lungs1 through the    

,wind-pipe2 and as long as the ,wind or 
,vapour ascends1 the ,patient cannot    
draw in ,reviving ,air or ,breath1 but  
,coughs violently and incessantly1 until
 it faint away1 or have no ,strength    
left2 and with straining1 will be as if 
it were choaked or strangled1 and become
 black in the face1 and1 after the      
,cough is past1 recover again2 but some 
dye of these sorts of ,coughs4          
,,chap4 ,,ix4 ,of ,,gangren',s4         
,gangren's are of the ,nature of the    
,plague2 and they are of ,two sorts1 as 
the ,plague is2 the one more sudden and 
deadly than the other3 ,the only        
difference of their ,insecting          
,qualities1 is1 ,that ,gangren's spread 
by insecting still the next1 or         
,neighbouring ,parts2 whereas ,plagues  
infect ,forrein1 as much as             
,home-,parts4 ,also1 the deadly sort of 
,gangren's1 infect 7as ,i may say7 from 
the ,circumference towards the ,center3 
when as the deadly sorts of ,plague1    
infect from the ,center1 towards the    

,circumference4 ,but1 that sort of      
,gangrene that is the weaker sort1      
infects only the next adjoining ,parts1 
by degrees1 and after a spreading       
manner1 rather than after a piercing    
manner4  ,but some may object1 ,that    
,plagues and ,gangren's are produced    
from different ,causes2 as for example1 
,extream ,cold will cause ,gangren's2   
and ,extream ,heat causes ,plagues4  ,i 
answer1 ,that ,two opposite ,causes may 
produce like ,effects1 for which may be 
brought numerous ,examples4      ,,chap4
 ,x4 ,of ,cancers and ,fistula's4       
,cancers and ,fistula's are somewhat    
alike1 in that they are both produced   
from ,salt1 or sharp corroding ,motions3
 but in this they differ1 that ,cancers 
keep their ,center1 and spread in       
streams2 whereas ,fistula's will run    
from place to place3 for if it be stopt 
in one place1 it is apt to remove and   
break out in another4 ,yet ,cancers are 
somewhat like ,gangren's1 in infecting  
adjoining ,parts2 so that unless a      

,cancer be in such a place as can be    
divided from the ,sound ,parts1 it      
destroys the ,human ,life1 by eating 7as
 ,i may say7 the ,sound ,parts of the   
,body1 as all ,corroding1 and ,sharp or 
,salt ,diseases do4     ,,chap4 ,,xi4   
,of the ,,govt4   ,as for the ,disease  
named the ,gout1 ,i never heard but of  
,two sorts2 the ,fixt1 and the ,running 
,gout3 but1 mistake me not1 ,i mean     
,fixt for ,place1 not ,time4 ,the ,fixt 
proceeds from ,hot1 ,sharp1 or ,salt    
,motions3 ,the ,running ,gout from      
,cold1 ,sharp ,motions2 but1 both sorts 
are ,intermitting ,diseases1 and very   
painful2 and ,i have heard those that   
have had the ,fixt ,gout1 say1 ,that the
 pain of the ,fixt ,gout1 is somewhat   
like the ,tooth-ach3 but1 all ,gouts are
 occasioned by ,irregular ,pressures and
 ,re-actions4 ,as for that sort that is 
named the ,windy ,gout1 it is rather a  
,sciatica1 than a ,gout4     ,,chap4    
,,xii4 ,of the ,,stone4   ,of the       
,disease of the ,stone in ,human        

,creatures1 there are many sorts3 for1  
though the ,stone of the ,bladder1 of   
the ,kidneys1 and in the ,gaul1 be all  
of one kind of ,disease called the      
,stone1 yet they are of different sorts3
 but1 whether the ,disease of the ,stone
 be produced of ,hot or ,cold ,motions1 
,i cannot judg3 but 'tis probable1 some 
are produced of ,hot ,motions1 others of
 ,cold2 and perchance1 others of such   
sorts of ,motions as are neither        
perfectly ,hot1 nor ,cold3 for1 the     
,stone is produced1 as all other        
,creatures1 by such or such sorts of    
,figurative ,motions4 ,here is to be    
noted1 ,that some of the ,humours of the
 ,body may alter their ,motion1 and turn
 from being ,flegm1 ,choler1 or the     
like1 to be ,stone2 and so from being a 
,rare1 ,moist1 or ,loose ,body1 to be a 
,dry1 ,densed1 ,hard1 or ,fixt ,body4   
,but certainly1 the ,stone of the       
,bladder1 ,kidneys and ,gaul1 are of    
several sorts1 as being produced by     
several sorts of ,figurative ,motions2  

as also1 according to the ,properties   
and ,forms of those several ,parts of   
the ,body they are produced in3 for1 as 
several sorts of ,soyls1 or ,parts of   
the ,earth1 produce several sorts of    
,minerals2 so several ,parts of the     
,body1 several sorts of the ,disease of 
the ,stone3 ,and1 as there are several  
sorts of ,stones in the several ,parts  
of the ,earth2 so1 no doubt1 there may  
not only be several sorts of ,stone in  
several ,parts1 but several sorts in one
 and the same ,part2 at least1 in the   
like ,parts of several ,men4     ,,chap4
 ,,xii4 ,of ,apoplexies1 and            
,lethargies4   ,apoplexies1 ,lethargies1
 and the like ,diseases1 are produced by
 some decay of the ,vital ,spirits1 or  
by ,obstructions1 as being obstructed by
 some ,superfluities1 or through the    
,irregularities of some sorts of        
,motions1 which occasion some ,passages 
to close1 that should be open4 ,but     
mistake me not1 ,i do not mean empty    
,passages2 for there is no such thing   

7in my opinion7 in ,nature3 but1 ,i mean
 an open passage for a frequent ,course 
and ,recourse of ,parts4 ,but an        
,apoplexy is somewhat of the ,nature of 
a ,dead-,palsie2 and a ,lethargy1 of a  
,numb-,palsie2 but ,i have heard1 that  
the ,opinion of ,learned ,men is1 ,that 
some sorts of ,vaporous ,pains are the  
,fore-runners of ,apoplexies and        
,palsies3 but1 in my opinion1 though a  
,man may have two ,diseases at once2 yet
 surely1 where ,vapour can pass1 there  
cannot be an absolute ,stoppage4        
,,chap4 ,,xiii4 ,of ,,epilepsies4       
,epilepsies1 or that we name the        
,falling-,sickness1 is of the nature of 
,swounding or ,fainting ,fits3 but there
 are two visible sorts2 the one is1 that
 only the ,head is affected1 and not the
 other ,parts of the ,body2 and for     
proof1 ,those that are thus distempered 
only in the ,head1 all the other ,parts 
will struggle and strive to help or     
assist the affected or afflicted ,parts1
 and those ,parts of the ,head that are 

not ,irregular1 as may be observed by   
their ,motions2 but1 by the means of    
some other ,parts1 there will also be   
striving and strugling1 as may be       
observed by foaming through the ,mouth4 
,the other sort is like ordinary        
,swounding-,fits1 where all the ,parts  
of the ,body seem1 for a time1 to be    
dead4 ,but this is to be observed1 ,that
 those that are thus diseased1 have     
certain times of ,intermissions1 as if  
the ,corporeal ,motions did keep a      
,decorum in being ,irregular4 ,but some 
have had ,epilepsies from their ,birth2 
which proves1 ,that their ,productive   
,motions was ,irregular4      ,,chap4   
,,xiv4 ,of ,convulsions1 and ,cramps4   
,convulsions and ,cramps are somewhat   
alike2 and both1 in my ,opinion1 proceed
 from ,cold ,contractions3 but1 ,cramps 
are caused by the ,contractions of the  
,capillary ,veins1 or small ,fibers1    
rather than of the ,nerves and ,sinews3 
for1 those ,contractions1 if violent1   
are ,convulsions3 so that ,cramps are   

,contractions of the small ,fibers2 and 
,convulsions are ,contractions of the   
,nerves and ,sinews4 ,but the reason 7,i
 believe7 that these ,diseases proceed  
from ,cold ,contractions1 is1 ,that ,hot
 ,remedies produce1 for the most part1  
perfect ,cures2 but1 they must be such  
sorts of ,hot ,remedies1 that are of a  
dilating or extenuating nature2 and not 
such whose ,properties are ,hot and     
,dry1 or ,contracting3 also1 the        
,applications must be according to the  
strength of the ,disease4     ,,chap4   
,,xv4 ,of ,,cholicks4   ,cholicks are   
like ,cramps or ,convulsions2 or        
,convulsions and ,cramps1 like          
,cholicks3 for1 as ,convulsions are     
,contractions of the ,nerves and        
,sinews2 and ,cramps1 ,contractions of  
the small ,fibers3 so ,cholicks  are a  
,contracting of the ,gutts3 and1 for    
proof1 ,so soon as the ,contracting     
,motions alter1 and are turn'd to       
,dilating or ,expelling ,actions1 the   
,patient is at ease4 ,but1 there are    

several ,causes that produce the        
,cholick3 for1 some ,cholicks are       
produced by ,hot and ,sharp ,motions1 as
 ,bilious ,cholicks2 others from ,cold  
and ,sharp ,motions1 as ,splenetick     
,cholicks2 others from ,crude and ,raw  
,humours2 some from ,hot ,winds2 some   
from ,cold ,winds4 ,the same some sorts 
of ,convulsions and ,cramps may be3 but1
 though these several ,cholicks may     
proceed from several ,causes2 yet1 they 
all agree in this1 ,to be ,contractions3
 for1 as ,i said1 when those ,corporeal 
,motions alter their ,actions to        
,dilatation or ,expulsion1 the ,patient 
is at ease4 ,but1 those ,cholicks that  
proceed from ,hot and ,sharp ,motions1  
are the most painful and dangerous1 by  
reason they are1 for the most part1 more
 strong and stubborn4 ,as for ,cholicks 
in the ,stomack1 they are caused by the 
same sorts of ,motions that cause some  
sorts of ,contractions3 but1 those sorts
 of ,cholick ,contractions1 are after   
the manner of wreathing1 or wringing    

,contractions4 ,the same in             
,convulsive-,contractions4      ,,chap4 
,,xvi4 ,of ,shaking ,palsies4   ,shaking
 ,palsies proceed from a ,slackness of  
the ,nerves1 or ,sinew strings1 as may  
be observed by those that hold or lay   
any heavy weight upon the ,arms1 ,hands 
or ,leggs3 for1 when the ,burdens are   
removed1 those ,limbs will be apt to    
tremble and shake so much1 for a short  
time1 7until they have recovered their  
former strength7 that the ,leggs cannot 
go1 or stand steadily2 nor the ,arms1 or
 ,hands1 do any thing without shaking4  
,the reason of these sorts of           
,slackness1 is1 ,that heavy ,burdens    
occasion the ,nerves and ,sinews to     
extend beyond their ,order2 and being   
stretched1 they become more slack1 and  
loose1 by how much they were stretched1 
or extended2 until such time as they    
contract again into their proper        
,posture3 ,and the reason that ,old ,age
 is subject to ,shaking-,palsies1 is1   
,that the ,frame of their whole ,body is

 looser and slacker1 than when it was   
young3 ,as in a decayed ,house1 every   
,material is looser than when it was    
first built2 but yet1 sometimes an old  
shaking ,house will continue a great    
while1 with some ,repairs3 so old       
shaking ,men1 with ,care1 and good      
,dyet1 will continue a great time4 ,but 
this is to be noted1 ,that trembling is 
a kind of a ,shaking-,palsie1 although  
of another sort2 and so is ,weakness    
after ,sickness3 but1 these sorts are   
occasioned1 as when a ,house shakes in a
 great ,wind1 or ,storm2 and not through
 any ,fundamental ,decay4     ,,chap4   
,,xvii4 ,of the ,muther1 ,spleen1 and   
,scurvy4   ,as for those ,diseases that 
are named the ,fits of the ,muther1 the 
,spleen1 the ,scurvy1 and the like2     
although they are the most general      
,diseases1 especially amongst the       
,females2 yet1 each particular sort is  
so various1 and hath such different     
,effects1 that1 ,i observe1 they puzzle 
the most ,learned ,men to find out their

 jugling1 intricate1 and uncertain      
,actions4 ,but this is to be observed1  
,that the ,richest sorts of ,persons are
 most apt to these sorts of ,diseases2  
which proves1 ,that ,idleness and       
,luxury is the occasion4     ,,chap4    
,,xviii4 ,of ,food1 or ,digestions4     
,as ,i have said1 ,digestions are so    
numerous1 and so obscure1 that the most 
,learned ,men know not how ,food is     
converted and distributed to all the    
,parts of the ,body3 ,which ,obscurity  
occasions many ,arguments1 and much     
,dispute amongst the ,learned2 but1 in  
my opinion1 it is not the ,parts of the 
,human ,body1 that do digest the ,food1 
although they may be an occasion        
7through their own ,regularities1 or    
,irregularities7 to cause good or bad   
digestions3 but1 the ,parts of the      
,food1 do digest themselves2 that is1   
alter their actions to the ,property and
 ,nature of a ,human ,body3 so that     
,digestive ,parts are only ,additional  
,parts2 and1 if those ,nourishing       

,motions be ,regular1they distribute    
their several ,parts1 and joyn their    
several ,parts1 to those several ,parts 
of the ,body that require ,addition4    
,also1 the ,digestive ,motions are      
according to the ,nature or ,property of
 each several ,part of the ,human ,body1
 ,as for example1 ,those ,digestive     
,parts alter into ,blood1 ,flesh1 ,fat1 
,marrow1 ,brains1 ,humors1 and so into  
any other ,figurative ,parts of the     
,sensitive ,body4 ,the same may be said 
of the ,rational ,parts of the ,mind3   
but1 if those ,digestive ,parts be      
,irregular1 they will cause a ,disorder 
in a well-ordered ,body3 and1 if the    
,parts of the ,body be ,irregular1 they 
will occasion a ,disorder amongst the   
,digestive ,parts3 but1 according to the
 ,regularities and ,irregularities of   
the ,digestive ,parts1 is the ,body more
 or less nourished4 ,but this is to be  
noted1 ,that according to the           
,superfluity or ,scarcity of those      
,digestive ,parts1 the ,body is opprest1

 or starved4      ,,chap4 ,,xix4 ,of    
,,surfeits4   ,surfeits are occasioned  
after different manners3 for1 though    
many ,surfeits proceed from those ,parts
 that are received into the ,body2 yet1 
some are occasioned through often       
repetitions of one and the same actions3
 ,as for example1 ,the ,eyes may surfeit
 with too often viewing one ,object2 the
 ,ears1 with often hearing one ,sound2  
the ,nose1 with smelling one ,sent2 the 
,tongue1 with one ,tast4 ,the same is to
 be said of the ,rational ,actions2     
which ,surfeits1 occasion an aversion to
 such or such ,particulars3 but1 for    
those ,surfeits that proceed from the   
,parts that are received into the ,body1
 they are either through the quantity   
that oppresses the ,nature of the ,body2
 or1 through the quality of those       
,parts1 being not agreeable to the      
,nature of the ,body2 or1 through their 
,irregularities1 that occasion the like 
,irregularities in the ,body3 and       
sometimes1 the fault is through the     

,irregularities of the ,body1 that      
hinder those received ,parts1 or        
obstruct their ,regular ,digestions2 and
 sometimes1 the fault is both of the    
,parts of the ,body1 and those of the   
,food3 but1 the ,surfeits of those      
,parts that receive not ,food1 are      
caused through the often repetition of  
one and the same ,action4      ,,chap4  
,,xx4 ,of ,natural ,evacuations1 or     
,purgings4   ,there are many sorts1 and 
several ways or means of ,purging       
actions2 whereof some we name ,natural1 
which purge the ,excremental ,parts2 and
 such ,natural ,purgings1 are only of   
such ,parts as are no ways useful to the
 ,body2 or of those that are not willing
 to convert themselves into the ,nature 
and ,property of the ,substantial       
,parts4 ,there must of necessity be     
,purging actions1 as well as ,digestive 
actions2 because1 no ,creature can      
subsist singly of it self1 but all      
,creatures subsist each by other2 so    
that1 there must be ,dividing actions1  

as well as ,uniting actions2 only1      
several sorts of ,creatures1 have       
several sorts of ,nourishments and      
,evacuations4 ,but this is to be noted1 
in the ,human ,nourishments and         
,evacuations1 that1 through their       
,irregularities1 some ,men may nourish  
too much1 and others purge too much2 and
 some may nourish too little1 and some  
may purge too little4 ,the              
,irregularities concerning              
,nourishments1 are amongst the adjoining
 ,parts2 the ,errors concerning         
,purging1 are amongst the ,dividing     
,parts4      ,,chap4 ,,xxi4 ,of         
,,purging ,,druggs4   ,there are many   
sorts of ,druggs1 whereof some are      
beneficial1 by assisting those          
particular ,parts of the ,body that are 
oppressed and offended1 either by       
,superfluous ,humours1 or ,malignant    
,humours3 but1 there are some sorts of  
,druggs that are as malicious to the    
,human ,life1 as the ,assistant ,druggs 
are friendly4 ,several sorts of ,druggs1

 have several sorts of ,actions1 which  
causes several ,effects2 as1 some       
,druggs work by ,siege2 others1 by      
,urine2 some1 by ,vomit2 others1 by     
,spitting2 others1 by ,sweating2 some   
cause sleep2 some are hot1 others are   
cold2 some dry1 others moist4 ,but this 
is to be noted1 ,that 'tis not the      
,motions of the ,druggs1 but the ,motion
 of the ,humours1 which the ,druggs     
occasion to flow2 and not only to flow1 
but to flow after such or such a manner 
and way4 ,the ,actions of ,druggs1 are  
like the ,actions of ,hounds1 or ,hawks1
 that flye at a particular ,bird1 or run
 after a particular beast of their own  
kind1 although of a different sort3 ,the
 only difference is1 ,that ,druggs are  
not only of a different sort1 but of a  
different ,kind from ,animal ,kind2 at  
least1 from ,human ,sort4      ,,chap4  
,,xxii4 ,of the ,various ,humours of    
,druggs4   ,the reason1 one and the same
 ,quantity or ,dose of one and the same 
sort of ,purging-,druggs or ,medicine1  

will often work differently in several  
,human ,bodies2 as also1 differently in 
one and the same ,body1 at several times
 of taking the same sorts of ,medicines2
 is1 ,that several ,parts of one and the
 same sort1 may be differently humoured3
 as1 some to be duller and slower than  
others2 and some to be more active than 
others4 ,also1 some ,parts may be       
ill-natured1 and cause ,factions amongst
 the ,parts of the ,body2 whereas others
 will endeavour to rectifie ,disorders1 
or ,factions4 ,and sometimes both the   
,druggs1 and the ,body1 falls out2 and  
then there is a dangerous strife2 the   
,body striving to expel the ,physick1   
and the ,physick endeavouring to stay in
 the ,body1 to do the ,body some        
mischief4 ,also1 some ,parts of one and 
the same sort1 may be so ,irregular1 as 
to hunt not only the superfluous        
,humours1 or the ,malignant ,humors1 but
 all sorts of flowing ,parts2 which may 
cause so great and general ,disorder1 as
 may endanger ,human ,life4      ,,chap4

 ,,xxiii4 ,of ,,cordials4   ,there are  
many sorts of ,cordials3 for1 ,i take   
every ,beneficial ,remedy to be a       
,cordial3 but1 many of the ,vulgar      
believe1 ,that there is no ,cordial but 
,brandy1 or such like ,strong-waters2 at
 least1 they believe all such ,remedies 
that are virtually ,hot1 to be          
,cordials3 but1 when they take too much 
of such ,cordials1 either in ,sickness1 
or ,health1 they will1 in some time1    
find them as bad as ,poyson4 ,but1 all  
such ,applications as are named         
,cordials1 are not hot3 for1 some are   
cool1 at least1 of a temperate degree4  
,and as there are ,regular and          
,irregular ,corporeal ,motions2 so there
 are ,sympathetical1 and ,antipathetical
 ,motions2 and yet both sorts may be    
,regular4 ,also1 there is a ,neutral    
sort1 that has neither ,sympathy nor    
,antipathy1 but is ,indifferent4 ,but in
 ,disputes between ,two different       
,parties1 a ,third may come in to the   
assistance of one ,side1 more out of    

hate to the ,opposite1 than love to the 
,assisted4 ,the same may ,cordials1 or  
such like ,applications1 do1 when the   
,corporeal ,motions of ,human ,life are 
in disorder1 and at variance3 for1      
oftentimes there is as great a ,mutiny  
and ,disorder amongst the ,corporeal    
,motions1 both in the ,mind and ,body of
 a ,man1 as in a ,publick ,state in time
 of ,rebellion3 but1 all  ,assistant    
,cordials1 endeavour to assist the      
,regular ,parts of the ,body1 and to    
perswade the ,irregular ,parts4 ,as for 
,poysons1 they are like ,forrein ,warr1 
that endeavours to destroy a ,peaceable 
,government4     ,,chap4 ,,xxiv4 ,of the
 different ,actions of the several      
,sensitive ,parts of a ,human ,creature4
   ,some ,parts of a ,human ,creature   
will be ,regular1 and some ,irregular3  
as1 some of the ,sensitive ,parts will  
be ,regular1 and some ,irregular2 that  
is1 some ,parts will be ,painful1 or    
,sick1 others well3 some ,parts will    
make false ,perceptions2 others1 true   

,perceptions3 some ,parts be ,temperate2
 others1 ,intemperate3 some ,parts be   
,madd1 other ,parts ,sober3 some ,parts 
be ,wise2 others1 ,foolish3 and the same
 is to be said of the ,rational         
,motions4 ,but1 in a ,regular ,society1 
every ,part and ,particle of the ,body1 
is ,regularly agreeable1 and            
,sympathetical4      ,,chap4 ,,xxv4 ,of 
the ,antipathy of some ,human           
,creatures1 to some ,forrein ,objects4  
,as ,i have often said1 ,there is often 
both ,sympathy and ,antipathy between   
the ,parts of some particular ,human and
 ,forrein ,objects2 in so much1 that    
some will occasion such a general       
,disturbance1 as will cause a general   
,alteration1 viz4 cause a ,man to       
swound1 or at least1 to be very faint1  
or sick3 as for example1 ,some will     
,swound at some sorts of ,sounds1 some  
sorts of ,scents1 some sorts of ,tast1  
some sorts of ,touches1 and some sorts  
of ,sights4 ,again1 on the other side1  
some ,human ,creatures will so          

sympathize with some sorts of ,forrein  
,objects1 as some will ,long for that1  
another will ,swound to have4           
,,chap4 ,,xxvi4 ,of the ,effects of     
,forrein ,objects1 on the ,human ,mind4 
,as there is often ,antipathy of the    
,parts of a ,human ,creature1 to        
,forrein ,objects2 so there are often   
,sympathetical ,effects produced from   
,forrein ,objects1 with the ,parts of a 
,human ,creature4 ,as for example1 ,a   
timely1 kind1 and discreet ,discourse   
from a ,friend1 will compose or quiet   
his troubled ,mind3 ,likewise1 an       
untimely1 unkind1 hasty1 malicious1     
false1 or sudden ,discourse1 will often 
disorder a well-temper'd1 or ,regular   
,mind1 the ,mind imitating the smooth or
 harsh strains of the ,object3 and the  
same ,effects hath ,musick1 on the      
,minds of many ,human ,creatures4       
,,chap4 ,,xxvii4 ,of ,,contemplation4   
,human ,contemplation1 is a             
,conversation amongst some of the       
,rational ,parts of the ,human ,mind2   

which ,parts1 not regarding present     
,objects1 move either in devout         
,notions1 or vain ,fancies1             
,remembrances1 ,inventions1             
,contrivancies1 ,designs1 or the like4  
,but the question is1 ,whether the      
,sensitive ,parts of a ,human ,society1 
do1 at any time1 ,contemplate8 ,i       
answer1 ,that some of the ,sensitive    
,parts are so sociable1 that they are1  
for the most part1 agreeable to the     
,rational3 for1 in deep ,contemplations1
 some of the ,sensitive ,parts do not   
take notice of ,forrein ,objects1 but of
 the ,rational ,actions4 ,also1 if the  
,contemplations be in devout ,notions1  
the ,sensitive ,parts express ,devotion 
by their ,actions1 as ,i have formerly  
mentioned4 ,also1 when the ,rational    
,parts move in ,actions of ,desire1     
straight the ,sensitive move in         
,sympathetical ,appetites3 ,wherefore1  
if the ,society be ,regular1 the        
,sensitive and ,rational ,parts are     
agreeable and sociable4      ,,chap4    

,,xxviii4 ,of ,injecting of the ,blood  
of one ,animal1 into the ,veins of      
another ,animal4  ,to put ,blood of one 
,animal1 into another ,animal2 as for   
example1 ,some ,ounces of ,blood taken1 
by some ,art1 out of a ,dogg's ,veins1  
and1 by some ,art1 put into a ,man's    
,veins1 may very easily be done by      
,injection2 and certainly1 may as       
readily convert it self to the ,nature  
of ,human ,blood1 as ,roots1 ,herbs1    
,fruit1 and the like ,food2 and         
probably1 will more aptly be transformed
 into ,human ,flesh1 than ,hogg's       
,blood1 mixt with many ,ingredients1 and
 then put into ,gutts1 and boyled1 7an  
ordinary ,food amongst ,country         
,people27 but ,blood being a loose      
,humourish ,part1 may encrease or       
diminish1 as the other ,humors1 viz4    
,flegm1 ,choler1 and ,melancholy1 are   
apt to do4 ,but this is to be observed1 
,that by reason ,blood is the most      
flowing ,humor1 and of much more1 or    
greater quantity than all the rest of   

the ,humours1 it is apt 7if ,regular7 to
 cause1 not only more frequent1 but a   
more general ,disturbance4      ,the    
,eleventh ,part4     ,,chap4 ,i4 ,of the
 different ,knowledges1 in different    
,kinds and ,sorts of ,creatures4   ,if  
there be not ,infinite ,kinds1 yet1 it  
is probable1 there are ,infinite several
 ,sorts2 at least1 ,infinite particular 
,creatures1 in every particular ,kind   
and ,sort2 and the ,corporeal ,motions  
moving after a different manner1 is the 
cause there are different ,knowledges1  
in different ,creatures2 yet1 none can  
be said to be least knowing1 or most    
knowing3 for1 there is 7in my opinion7  
no such thing as least and most1 in     
,nature3 for1 several kinds and sorts of
 ,knowledges1 make not ,knowledg to be  
more1 or less2 but only1 they are       
different ,knowledges proper to their   
kind1 7as1 ,animal-kind1                
,vegetable-kind1 ,mineral-kind1         
,elemental-kind7 and are also different 
,knowledges in several sorts3 ,as for   

example1 ,man may have a different      
,knowledg from ,beasts1 ,birds1 ,fish1  
,flies1 ,worms1 or the like2 and yet be 
no wiser than those sorts of            
,animal-kinds4 ,the same happens between
 the several ,knowledges of ,vegetables1
 ,minerals1 and ,elements3 but1 because 
one ,creature doth not know what another
 ,creature knows1 thence arises the     
,opinion of ,insensibility1 and         
,irrationability1 that some ,creatures  
have of others4 ,but there is to be     
noted1 ,that ,nature is so ,regular1 or 
wise1 in her ,actions1 that the ,species
 and ,knowledg of every particular      
,kind1 is kept in an ,even1 or ,equal   
,balance3 ,for example1 ,the ,death or  
,birth of ,animals1 doth neither add or 
diminish from1 or to the ,knowledg of   
the ,kind1 or rather the ,sort4 ,also1  
an ,animal can have no ,knowledg1 but   
such as is proper to the species of his 
,figure3 but1 if there be a ,creature of
 a mixt ,species1 or ,figure1 then their
 ,knowledg is according to their mixt   

,form3 for1 the ,corporeal ,motions of  
every ,creature1 move according to the  
,form1 ,frame1 or ,species of their     
,society3 but1 there is not only        
different ,knowledges1 in different     
,kinds and ,sorts of ,creatures2 but1   
there are different ,knowledges in the  
different ,parts of one and the same2   
as1 the different ,senses of ,seeing1   
,hearing1 ,smelling1 ,tasting1 and      
,touching1 have not only different      
,knowledges in different ,sensitive     
,organs1 but  in one ,sense1 they have  
several ,perceptive ,knowledges3 and    
though the different ,sensitive ,organs 
of a ,human ,creature1 are ignorant of  
each other2 yet1 each ,sense is as      
knowing as another4 ,the same 7no       
question7 is amongst all the ,creatures 
in ,nature4     ,,chap4 ,,ii4 ,of the   
,variety of ,self-actions in particular 
,creatures4   ,there are numerous       
,varieties of ,figurative ,motions in   
some ,creatures2 and in others1 very    
few1 in comparison3 but1 the occasion of

 that1 is the manner of the ,frame and  
,form of a ,creature3 for1 some         
,creatures that are but small1 have much
 more variety of ,figurative ,motions1  
than others that are very bigg and large
 ,creatures3 so that1 it is not only the
 ,quantity of ,matter1 or ,number of    
,parts1 but the several ,changes of     
,motion1 by the ,variety of their       
,active ,parts1 that is the cause of it3
 for1 ,nature is not only an ,infinite  
,body1 but1 being ,self-moving1 causes  
,infinite ,variety1 by the altered      
,actions of her ,parts2 every altered   
,action1 causing both an altered        
,self-knowledg1 and an altered          
,perceptive ,knowledg4      ,,chap4     
,,iii4 ,of the ,variety of ,corporeal   
,motion1 of one and the same sort or    
kind of ,motion4   ,there is ,infinite  
,variety of ,motion of the same sorts   
and kinds of ,motions2 as for example1  
,of ,dilatations1 or ,extensions1       
,expulsions1 ,attractions1              
,contractions1 ,retentions1 ,digestions1

 ,respirations3 ,there is also          
,varieties of ,densities1 ,rarities1    
,gravities1 ,levities1 ,measures1       
,sizes1 ,agilness1 ,slowness1 ,strength1
 ,weakness1 ,times1 ,seasons1 ,growths1 
,decays1 ,lives1 ,deaths1 ,conceptions1 
,perceptions1 ,passions1 ,appetites1    
,sympathies1 ,antipathies1 and ,millions
 the like kinds1 or sorts4  ,,chap4     
,,iv4 ,of the ,variety of particular    
,creatures4  ,nature is so delighted    
with ,variety1 that seldom two          
,creatures 7although of the same sort1  
nay1 from the same ,producers7 are just 
alike2 and yet ,human ,perception cannot
 perceive above four kinds of           
,creatures1 viz4 ,animals1 ,vegetables1 
,minerals1 and ,elements3 but1 the      
several sorts seem to be very numerous2 
and the ,varieties of the several       
,particulars1 ,infinite3 but1 ,nature is
 necessitated to divide her ,creatures  
into ,kinds and ,sorts1 to keep ,order  
and ,method3 for1 there may be numerous 
,varieties of sorts2 as for example1    

,many several ,worlds1 and infinite     
,varieties of ,particulars in those     
,worlds3 for1 ,worlds may differ from   
each other1 as much as several sorts of 
,animals1 ,vegetables1 ,minerals1 or    
,elements2 and yet be all of that sort  
we name ,worlds3 but1 as for the        
,infinite ,varieties of ,nature1 we may 
say1 ,that every ,part of ,nature is    
,infinite1 in some sort2 because every  
,part of ,nature is a perpetual ,motion1
 and makes ,infinite ,varieties1 by     
change or alteration of ,action3 but1   
there is so much ,variety of the several
 ,shapes1 ,figures1 ,forms1 and ,sizes1 
as1 ,bigger1 and ,less2 as also1 several
 sorts of ,heats1 ,colds1 ,droughts1    
,moistures1 ,fires1 ,airs1 ,waters1     
,earths1 ,animals1 ,vegetables1 and     
,minerals1 as are not to be expressed4  
,,chap4 ,v4 ,of ,dividing1 and          
,rejoyning1 or ,altering ,exterior      
,figurative ,motions4   ,the ,interior  
and ,exterior ,figurative ,motions of   
some sorts of ,creatures1 are so united 

by their ,sympathetical ,actions1 as    
they cannot be separated without a      
,total ,dissolution2 and some cannot be 
altered without a ,dissolution2 and     
other ,figurative ,motions may separate1
 and unite again2 and others1 if        
separate1 cannot unite again1 as they   
were before3 ,as for example1 ,the      
,exterior ,parts of a ,human ,creature1 
if once divided1 cannot be rejoyned2    
when as some sorts of ,worms may be     
divided1 and if those divided ,parts    
meet1 can rejoyn1 as before4 ,also1 some
 ,figurative ,motions of different      
sorts1 and so different1 that they are  
opposite1 may unite in agreement1 in one
 ,composition1 or ,creature2 yet1 when  
the very same sorts of ,figurative      
,motions1 are not so united1 they are1  
as it were1 deadly ,enemies4     ,,chap4
 ,,vi4 ,of ,different ,figurative       
,motions in particular ,creatures4      
,there are many ,creatures that are     
composed of very opposite ,figurative   
,motions2 as for example1 ,some ,parts  

of ,fire and ,water2 also1 all          
,cordials1 ,vitriols1 and the like      
,waters2 also1 ,iron and ,stone1 and    
,infinite the like3 ,but1 that which is 
composed of the most different          
,figurative ,motions1 is ,quick-silver1 
which is exteriorly ,cold1 ,soft1       
,fluid1 ,agil1 and ,heavy3 also1        
,divisible1 and ,rejoynable2 and yet so 
,retentive of its ,innate ,nature1 that 
although it can be rarified1 yet not    
easily dissolved2 at least1 not that    
,human ,creatures can perceive2 for1 it 
hath puzled the best ,chymists4         
,,chap4 ,,vii4 ,of the ,alterations of  
,exterior and ,innate ,figurative       
,motions of several sorts of ,creatures4
   ,the ,form of several ,creatures1 is 
after several manners and ways1 which   
causes several ,natures or ,properties3 
,as for example1 ,the ,exterior and     
,innate ,corporeal ,motions of some     
,creatures1 depend so much on each      
other1 ,that the least ,alteration of   
the one1 causes a ,dissolution of the   

whole ,creature2 whereas the ,exterior  
,corporeal ,motions of other sorts of   
,creatures1 can change and rechange     
their actions1 without the least        
disturbance to the ,innate ,figurative  
,motions3 ,in other sorts the ,innate   
,motions shall be quite altered1 but    
their ,exterior ,motions be in some     
manner consistent3 ,as for proof1 ,fire 
is of that ,nature1 that both the       
,exterior and ,innate ,motions1 are of  
one and the same sort2 so that the      
,alteration of the one1 causeth a       
,dissolution of the other2 that is1     
,fire loses the ,property of ,fire1 and 
is altered from being ,fire4 ,on the    
other side1 the ,exterior ,figurative   
,motions of ,water1 can change and      
rechange1 without any disturbance to the
 ,innate ,nature3 but1 though the       
,alteration of the ,innate ,figurative  
,motions of all ,creatures1 must of     
necessity alter the ,life and ,knowledg 
of that ,creature2 yet there may be such
 consistent ,motions amongst the        

,exterior ,parts of some sorts of       
,creatures1 that they will keep their   
,exterior ,form3 ,as for example1 ,a    
,tree that is cut down1 or into pieces1 
when those pieces are withered1 and1 as 
we say1 dead2 yet1 they remain of the   
,figure of ,wood4 ,also1 a dead ,beast  
doth not alter the ,figure of ,flesh or 
,bones1 presently4 ,also1 a dead ,man   
doth not presently dissolve from the    
,figure of ,man2 and some1 by the ,art  
of embalming1 will occasion the         
remaining ,figurative ,motions of the   
dead ,man to continue1 so that those    
sorts of ,motions1 that are the ,frame  
and ,form1 are not quite altered3 but   
yet1 those ,exterior ,forms are so      
altered1 that they are not such as those
 by which we name a ,living ,man4 ,the  
same of ,flyes1 or the like1 intomb'd in
 ,amber3 but by this we may perceive1   
,that the ,innate ,figurative ,motions  
may be quite altered1 and yet the       
,exterior ,figurative consistent        
,motions1 do1 in some manner1 keep in   

the ,figure1 ,form1 or ,frame of their  
,society4 ,the truth is1 7in my opinion7
 ,that all the ,parts that remain       
undissolved1 have quite altered their   
,animal actions2 but only the           
,consistent actions1 of the ,form of    
their ,society1 remains1 so as to have a
 resemblance of their ,frame or ,form4  
,,chap4 ,,viii4 ,of ,,local ,,motion4   
,all ,corporeal ,motion is ,local2 but  
only they are different ,local ,motions3
 and some sorts or kinds1 have advantage
 of others1 and some have power over    
others1 as1 in a manner1 to inforce them
 to alter their ,figurative motions2 as 
for example1 ,when one ,creature doth   
destroy another1 those that are the     
,destroyers1 occasion those that we name
 the ,destroyed1 to dissolve their      
,unity1 and to alter their actions3 for1
 they cannot annihilate their actions2  
nor can they give or take away the      
,power of ,self-motions2 but1 as ,i     
said1 some ,corporeal motions can       
occasion other ,corporeal motions to    

move so1 or so4 ,but this is to be      
noted1 ,that several sorts of ,creatures
 have a mixture of several sorts of     
,figurative motions2 as for example1    
,there are ,flying ,fish1 and ,swimming 
,beasts2 also1 there are some ,creatures
 that are partly ,beasts1 and partly    
,fish1 as ,otters1 and many others2     
also1 a ,mule is partly a ,horse1 and an
 ,ass2 a ,batt is partly a ,mouse1 and a
 ,bird2 an ,owle is partly a ,cat and a 
,bird2 and numerous other ,creatures    
there are1 that are partly of one sort1 
and partly of another4      ,,chap4     
,,ix4 ,of several manners1 or ways of   
,advantages1 or ,disadvantages4   ,not  
only the ,manner1 ,form1 ,frame1 or     
,shape of particular ,creatures2 but    
also1 the ,regularity or ,irregularity  
of the ,corporeal motions of particular 
,creatures1 doth cause that which ,man  
names ,strength or ,weakness1 ,obedience
 or ,disobedience1 ,advantages or       
,disadvantages of ,power and ,authority1
 or the like3 ,as for example1 ,a       

greater ,number will overpower a lesse3 
for1 though there be no ,differences 7as
 being no ,degrees7 of ,self-strength   
amongst the ,self-moving ,parts1 or     
,corporeal motions2 yet1 there may be   
stronger and weaker ,compositions1 or   
,associations2 and a greater ,number of 
,corporeal motions1 makes a stronger    
,party3 but1 if the greater ,party be   
,irregular1 and the lesser ,party be    
,regular1 a hundred to one1 but the     
weaker ,party is victorious4 ,also1 the 
manner of the ,corporeal motions2 as1 a 
,diving-motion may get the better of a  
,swimming-motion2 and1 in some cases1   
the ,swimming1 the better of the        
,diving4 ,jumping may have the advantage
 over ,running2 and1 in other cases1    
,running1 over ,jumping4 ,also1         
,creeping may have the advantage over   
,flying2 and1 in other cases1 ,flying1  
over ,creeping4 ,a ,cross ,motion may   
have the advantage over a ,straight2    
and1 in other cases1 a ,straight1 over a
 ,cross4 ,so it may be said1 of ,turning

 and ,lifting1 of ,contracting and      
,dilating ,motions4 ,and many the like  
,examples may be had2 but1 as ,i have   
often said1 ,there is much ,advantage   
and ,disadvantage in the manner and way 
of the ,composed ,form and ,figure of   
,creatures4     ,,chap4 ,x4 ,of the     
,actions of some sorts of ,creatures1   
over others4   ,some sorts of ,creatures
 are more ,exteriorly active1 than other
 sorts2 and some more ,interiorly       
active2 some more rare1 some more dense1
 and the like3 also1 some dense         
,creatures are more active than the     
rare2 and some rare1 are more active    
than other sorts that are dense4 ,also1 
some ,creatures that are rare1 have     
advantage of some that are dense2 and   
some that are dense1 over some sorts    
that are rare2 some leight ,bodies1 over
 some heavy ,bodies2 and some heavy     
,bodies1 over some sorts of leight      
,bodies4 ,also1 several sorts of        
,exterior ,motions1 of several sorts of 
,creatures1 have advantage and          

disadvantage of each other2 as for      
example1 ,springs of ,water1 and ,air1  
will make ,passages1 and so divide hard 
strong ,rocks4 ,and1 on the other side1 
a ,straw will divide ,parts of ,water2  
and a small ,flye1 will divide ,parts of
 the ,air3 but1 mistake me not1 ,i mean1
 that they occasion the ,airy or ,watry 
,parts1 to divide4     ,,chap4 ,,xi4 ,of
 ,,glassie ,,bodies4   ,tis impossible1 
as ,i have said1 to describe the        
,infinite ,corporeal ,figurative        
,motions3 but1 amongst those ,creatures 
that are subject to ,human ,perception1 
there are some that resemble each other1
 and yet are of different ,natures2 as  
for example1 ,black ,ebony1 and ,black  
,marble1 they are both ,glassie1 smooth1
 and black2 yet1 one is ,stone1 the     
other ,wood4 ,also1 there be many light 
and shining ,bodies1 that are of        
different ,natures2 as for example1     
,metal is a bright shining ,body2 and   
divers sorts of ,stones1 are bright     
shining ,bodies3 also1 clear ,water is a

 bright shining ,body2 yet1 the ,metal  
and ,stones are ,minerals1 and ,water is
 an ,element4 ,indeed1 ,most ,bodies are
 of a ,glassie ,hue1 or1 as ,i may say1 
,complexion2 as may be observed in most 
,vegetables2 as also1 ,skins1 ,feathers1
 ,scales1 and the like4  ,but some may  
say1 ,that ,glassiness is made by the   
,brightness of the ,light that shines   
upon them4  ,i answer3 ,if so1 then the 
ordinary ,earth would have the like     
,glassiness3 but1 we perceive the ,earth
 to appear dull in the clearest         
,sun-shining ,day3 wherefore1 it is not 
the ,light1 but the nature of their own 
,bodies4 ,besides1 every ,body hath not 
one and the same sort of ,glassiness1   
but some are very different3 ',tis true1
 some sorts of ,bodies do not appear    
,glassie1 or shining1 until they be     
polished3 but1 as for such sorts of     
shining ,bodies that appear in the dark1
 there is not many of them perceiv'd by 
us1 besides the ,moon and ,starrs2 but  
yet some there are1 as ,fire2 but that  

is an ,element4 ,there are also         
,glow-worms ,tayles1 ,cats ,eyes1       
,rotten ,wood1 and such like            
shining-,bodies4     ,,chap4 ,,xii4 ,of 
,metamorphoses1 or ,transformations of  
,animals and ,vegetables4   ,there are  
some ,creatures that cannot be          
,metamorphosed3 as for example1 ,animals
 and ,vegetables1 at least1 most of     
those sorts1 by reason they are composed
 of many several and different          
,figurative ,motions2 and ,i understand 
,metamorphose1 to be a change and       
alteration of the ,exterior ,form1 but  
not any change or alteration of the     
,interior or ,intellectual ,nature3 and 
how can there be a general change of the
 ,exterior ,form or ,shape of a ,human  
,creature1 or such like ,animal1 when   
the different ,figurative ,motions of   
his different ,compositions1 are1 for   
the most part1 ignorant of each others  
particular ,actions8 ,besides1 as       
,animals and ,vegetables require degrees
  of time for their ,productions1 as    

also1 for their ,perfections2 so1 some  
,time is requir'd for their             
,alterations3 but1 a sudden alteration  
amongst different ,figurative ,motions1 
would cause such a ,confusion1 that it  
would cause a ,dissolution of the whole 
,creature1 especially in actions that   
are not natural1 as being improper to   
their kind1 or sort3 ,the same of       
,vegetables1 which have many different  
,figurative ,motions4 ,this considered1 
,i cannot chuse but wonder1 that wise   
men should believe 7as some do7 the     
,change or ,transformation of ,witches1 
into many sorts of ,creatures4          
,,chap4 ,,xiii4 ,of the ,life and ,death
 of several ,creatures4   ,that which   
,man names ,life1 and ,death1 7which are
 some sorts of ,compositions and        
,divisions of ,parts of ,creatures7 is  
very different1 in different kinds and  
sorts of ,creatures1 as also1 in one and
 the same sort3 ,as for example1 ,some  
,vegetables are old and decrepit in a   
,day2 others are not in ,perfection1 or 

in their ,prime1 in less than a hundred 
years4 ,the same may be said of ,animal 
kinds4 ,a ,silk-worm is no sooner born1 
but dyes2 when as other ,animals may    
live a hundred years4 ,as for ,minerals1
 ,tinn and ,lead seem but of a short    
,life1 to ,gold2 as a ,worm to an       
,elephant1 or a ,tulip to an ,oak for   
lasting2 and 'tis probable1 the several 
,productions of the ,planets and ,fixed 
,starrs1 may be as far more lasting1    
than the parts of ,gold more lasting    
than a ,flye3 for1 if a ,composed       
,creature were a ,million of years      
producing1 or ,millions of years        
dissolving1 it were nothing to          
,eternity3 but1 those produced ,motions 
that make ,vegetables1 ,minerals1       
,elements1 and the like1 the subtilest  
,philosopher1 or ,chymist1 in ,nature1  
can never perceive1 or find out2        
because1 ,human ,perception is not so   
subtile1 as to perceive that which ,man 
names ,natural ,productions3 for1 though
 all the ,corporeal ,motions in ,nature 

are perceptive2 yet1 every ,perceptive  
,part doth not perceive all the actions 
in ,nature3 for1 though every different 
,corporeal ,motion1 is a different      
,perception2 yet1 there are more        
,objects than any one ,creature can     
perceive3 also1 every particular kind or
 sort of ,creatures1 have different     
,perceptions1 occasioned by the ,frame  
and ,form of their ,compositions1 or    
unities of their ,parts3 ,so as the     
,perceptions of ,animals1 are not like  
the ,perceptions of ,vegetables2 nor    
,vegetables1 like the ,perceptions of   
,minerals2 nor ,minerals1 like the      
,perceptions of ,elements3 ,for1 though 
all these several kinds and sorts1 be   
perceptive2 yet1 not after one and the  
same way1 or manner of ,perception3 but1
 as there is infinite variety of        
,corporeal ,motions1 so there are       
infinite varieties of ,perceptions3 for1
 ,infinite ,self-moving ,matter1 hath   
infinite varieties of ,actions4 ,but1 to
 return to the ,discourse of the        

,productions and ,dissolutions of       
,creatures2 ,the reason1 that some      
,creatures last longer than others1 is1 
,that some ,forms or ,frames of their   
,composition1 are of a more lasting     
,figure4 ,but this is to be observed1   
,that the ,figures that are most solid1 
are more lasting than those that are    
more slack and loose3 but mistake me    
not2 ,i say1 ,for the most part1 they   
are more lasting4 ,also1 this is to be  
noted1 ,that some ,compositions require 
more labour2 some1 more curiosity2 and  
some are more full of variety1 than     
others4     ,,chap4 ,,xiv4 ,of          
,,circles4   ,a ,circle is a ,round     
,figure1 without ,end2 which ,figure can
 more easily and aptly alter the        
,exterior ,form1 than any other ,figure4
 ,for example1 ,a ,circular ,line may be
 drawn many several ways1 into different
 and several sorts of ,figures1 without 
breaking the ,circle3 also1 it may be   
contracted or extended into a less or   
wider compass2 and drawn or formed into 

many several sorts of ,figures1 or      
,works2 as1 into a ,square1 or          
,triangle1 or ,oval1 or ,cylinder1 or   
like several sorts of ,flowers1 and     
never dissolve the ,circular ,line4 ,but
 this is to be noted1 that there may be 
several sorts of ,circular ,lines2 as1  
some ,broad1 some ,narrow1 some ,round1 
some ,flat1 some ,ragged or ,twisted1   
some ,smooth1 some ,pointed1 some       
,edged1 and numbers of the like2 and yet
 the compass be exactly round4  ,but    
some may say1 that1 ,when a ,circle is  
drawn into several ,works1 it is not a  
,circle3 ,as for example1 ,when a       
,circle is squared1 it is not a ,circle1
 but a ,square4  ,i answer3 ,it is a    
,circle squar'd1 but not a ,circle      
broken1 or divided3 for1 the ,interior  
,nature is not dissolved1 although the  
,exterior ,figure is altered3 it is a   
,natural ,circle1 although it should be 
put into a ,mathematical ,square4 ,but1 
to conclude this ,chapter1 ,i say1 ,that
 all such sorts of ,figures that are    

7like ,circular ,lines7 of one piece1   
may change and rechange their ,exterior 
,figures1 or ,shapes1 without any       
alterations of their ,interior          
,properties4     ,,chap4 ,,xv4 ,human   
,creatures cannot so probably treat of  
other sorts of ,creatures1 as of their  
own4   ,to treat of the ,productions of 
,vegetables1 ,minerals1 and ,elements1  
is not so easie a ,task1 as to treat of 
,animals2 and1 amongst ,animals1 the    
most easie ,task is1 to treat of ,human 
,productions2 by reason one ,human      
,creature may more probably guess at the
 ,nature of all ,human ,creatures 7being
 of the same ,nature7 than he can of    
other kinds  of other kinds of          
,creatures1 that are of another ,nature4
 ,but1 mistake me not1 ,i mean not of   
another ,nature1 being not of the same  
kind of ,creature1 but concerning       
,vegetables1 ,minerals1 and ,elements4  
,the ,elements may more easily be       
treated of1 than the other ,two kinds3  
for1 though there be numerous sorts of  

them1 at least1 numerous several        
,particulars2 yet1 not so many several  
,sorts1 as of ,vegetables3 and though   
,minerals are not1 as to my knowledg1 so
 numerous as ,vegetables2 yet1 they are 
of more1 or at least1 of as many ,sorts 
as ,elements are4 ,but1 by reason ,i am 
unlearned1 ,i shall only give my        
,opinion of the ,productions of some    
sorts2 in which1 ,i fear1 ,i shall      
rather discover my ,ignorance1 than the 
,truth of their ,productions4 ,but1 ,i  
hope my ,readers will not find fault    
with my ,endeavour1 though they may find
 fault with my little ,experience1 and  
want of ,learning4      ,the ,twelfth   
,part4     ,,chap4 ,i4 ,of the ,equality
 of ,,elements4  ,as for the ,four      
,elements1 ,fire1 ,air1 ,water1 and     
,earth2 they subsist1 as all other      
,creatures1 which subsist by each other3
 but1 in my opinion1 there should be an 
,equality of the ,four ,elements1 to    
balance the ,world3 for1 if one sort    
should superabound1 it would occasion   

such an ,irregularity1 that would cause 
a ,dissolution of this ,world2 as1 when 
some particular ,humour in ,man's ,body 
superabounds1 or there is a scarcity of 
some ,humours1 it causes such           
,irregularities1 that do1 many times1   
occasion his ,destruction4 ,the same may
 be said of the ,four ,elements of the  
,world3 as for example1 ,if there were  
not a sufficient quantity of ,elemental 
,air1 the ,elemental ,fire would go out2
 and if not a sufficient quantity of    
,elemental ,fire1 the ,air would        
corrupt3 also1 if there were not a      
sufficient quantity of ,elemental       
,water1 the ,elemental ,fire would burn 
the ,earth2 and if there were not a     
sufficient quantity of ,earth1 there    
would not be a solid and firm           
,foundation for the ,creatures of the   
,earth3 for1 if there were not ,density1
 as well as ,rarity2 and ,levity1 as    
well as ,gravity2 ,nature would run into
 ,extreams4     ,,chap4 ,,ii4 ,of       
several ,,tempers4   ,heat doth not make

 ,drought3 for1 there is a ,temper of   
,hot and ,moist4 ,nor ,cold doth not    
make ,drought3 for1 there is a ,temper  
of ,cold and ,moist4 ,neither doth ,heat
 make ,moisture3 for1 there is a ,temper
 of ,hot and ,dry4 ,nor doth ,cold make 
,moisture3 for1 there is a ,temper of   
,cold and ,dry4 ,but1 such or such sorts
 of ,corporeal ,figurative ,motions1    
make ,hot1 ,cold1 ,moist1 ,dry2 ,hot and
 ,dry1 ,hot and ,moist2 ,cold and ,dry1 
,cold and ,moist2 and1 as those         
,figurative ,motions alter their        
,actions1 those ,tempers are altered3   
the like happens in all ,creatures4 ,but
 this is to be observed1 ,that there is 
some opposite or contrary ,tempers1     
which have a likeness of ,motion3 as for
 example1 ,a ,moist ,heat1 and a ,moist 
,cold1 have a likeness or resemblance of
 ,moistness2  and the same is in dry    
,heats and ,cold3 but surely1 most sorts
 of ,moistures1 are some sorts of       
dilative ,motions2 and most ,droughts1  
are some sorts of ,contractive ,motions3

 but1 there are several sorts of        
,dilatations1 ,contractions1            
,retentions1 ,expulsions1 and the like3 
for1 there are ,cold ,contractions1 ,hot
 ,contractions2 ,cold ,dilatations1 ,hot
 ,dilatations2 ,hot ,retentions1 ,cold  
,retentions2 and so of ,digestions1     
,expulsions1 and the like3 ,but1 as ,i  
said1 ,moist ,heats1 and ,moist ,colds1 
seem of a ,dilative ,nature2 as ,dry1 of
 a ,contractive ,nature4 ,but1 all ,cold
 and ,heat1 or ,dry and ,moist1 may be  
made by one and the same ,corporeal     
,motions3 for1 though the ,actions may  
vary1 the ,parts may be the same3 yea1  
the like ,actions may be in different   
,parts4 ,but1 no ,part is bound to any  
particular ,action1 having a free       
,liberty of ,self-motion4 ,but1         
concerning ,hot and ,cold1 and the like 
,actions1 ,i observe1 ,that ,extream    
,heat1 and ,extream ,cold1 is of a like 
,power1 or ,degree3 neither can ,i      
perceive the ,hot ,motions to be quicker
 than ,cold3 for ,water1 in little      

quantity1 shall as suddenly freeze1 as  
any leight ,fewel or ,straw1 burn3 and  
,animals will as soon freeze to death1  
as be burned to death3 and ,cold is as  
powerful at the ,poles1 as ,heat in the 
,torrid ,zone4 ,and 'tis to be observed1
 ,that ,freezing is as quick and sudden1
 as ,thawing3 but sometimes1 nay very   
often1 ,cold and ,hot ,motions will     
dispute for ,power2 and some sorts of   
,hot1 with other sorts4 ,the like       
,disputes are amongst several sorts of  
,cold ,motions2 ,dry with ,moist1 ,dry  
with ,dry1 ,moist with ,moist4 ,and the 
like ,disputes are also often amongst   
all ,creatures4 ,as for ,density1 it    
doth not make ,gravity3 for1 there may  
be ,dense ,bodies1 that are not ,grave2 
as for example1 ,feathers1 and ,snow4   
,neither doth ,gravity make ,density3   
for1 a quantity of ,air hath some       
weight1 and yet is not dense4 ,but      
mistake me not2 for1 ,i mean by ,grave1 
,heavy2 and not for the ,effects of     
,ascending1 and ,descending3 for        

,feathers1 though ,dense1 are more apt  
to ascend1 than descend2 and ,snow1 to  
descend4 ,also1 all sorts of ,fluidity1 
do not cause ,moist1 ,liquid1 or ,wet2  
nor all ,extenuations1 cause ,light3    
but1 they are such and such sorts of    
,fluidities and ,extenuations1 that     
cause such and such ,effects4 ,and so   
for ,heats1 ,colds1 ,droughts1          
,moistures1 ,rarities4 ,the same for    
,gravities1 ,levities1 and the like4 ,so
 that1 ,creatures are ,rare1 ,fluid1    
,moist1 ,wet1 ,dry1 ,dense1 ,hard1      
,soft1 ,leight1 ,heavy1 and the like1   
according to their ,figurative ,motions4
     ,,chap4 ,,iii4 ,of the ,change and 
,rechange2 and of ,dividing and ,ioyning
 of the ,parts of the ,elements4   ,of  
all ,creatures subject to ,human        
,perception1 the ,elements are most apt 
to ,transform1 viz4 to ,change and      
,rechange2 also1 to ,divide and ,ioyn   
their ,parts1 without altering their    
,innate ,nature and ,property4 ,the     
reason is1 because the ,innate          

,figurative ,motions of ,elements1 are  
not so different as those of ,animals   
and ,vegetables1 whose ,compositions are
 of many different ,figurative ,motions2
 in so much1 that disjoining any ,part  
of ,animals1 or ,vegetables1 they cannot
 be joined again1 as they were before2  
at least1 it is not commonly done3 but1 
the ,nature and ,property of the        
,elements1 is1 ,that every ,part and    
,particle are of one innate ,figurative 
,motion2 so that the least grain of     
,dust1 or the least drop of ,water1 or  
the least spark of ,fire1 is of the same
 ,innate ,nature1 ,property1 and        
,figurative ,motions1 as the whole      
,element2 when as1 of ,animals1 and     
,vegetables1 almost1 every ,part and    
,particle is of a different ,figurative 
,motion4     ,,chap4 ,,iv4 ,of the      
,innate ,figurative ,motions of ,earth4 
,there are many sorts of ,earth1 yet all
 sorts are of the same kind2 that is1   
they are all ,earth3 but 7in my opinion7
 the prime ,figurative ,motions of      

,earth1 are ,circles2 but not dilated   
,circles1 but contracted ,circles3      
neither are those ,circles smooth1 but  
rugged2 which is the cause that ,earth  
is dull1 or dim1 and is easily divided  
into dusty ,parts3 for all1 or at least1
 most ,bodies that are smooth1 are more 
apt to joyn1 than divide2 and have a    
,glassie ,hew or ,complexion2 which is  
occasioned by the smoothness1 and the   
smoothness occasioned by the evenness of
 ,parts1 being without ,intervals3 but1 
according as these sorts of ,circular   
,motions are more or less contracted1   
and more or less rugged1 they cause     
several sorts of ,earth4   ,,chap4 ,v4  
,of the ,figurative ,motions of ,air4   
,there are many sorts of ,airs1 as there
 is of other ,creatures1 of one and the 
same kind3 but1 for ,elemental ,air1 is 
composed of very ,rare1 ,figurative     
,motions2 and the ,innate ,motions1 ,i  
conceive to be somewhat of the ,nature  
of ,water1 viz4 ,circular ,figurative   
,motions1 only of a more ,dilating      

,property2 which causes ,air1 not to be 
,wet1 but extraordinary ,rare2 which    
again causes it to be somewhat of the   
nature of ,light3 for1 the ,rarity      
occasions ,air to be very searching and 
penetrating2 also1 dividable and        
compoundable3 but1 the ,rarity of ,air1 
is the cause that it is not subject to  
some sorts of ,human ,perception2 but   
yet1 not so ,rare1 as not to be subject 
to ,human ,respirations2 which is one   
sort of ,human ,perception3 for1 all    
,parts of all ,creatures1 are perceptive
 one way1 or another3 but1 as ,i said1  
there are many sorts of ,air2 as1 some  
,cold1 some ,hot2 some ,dry1 some       
,moist2 some ,sharp2 some ,corrupt1 some
 ,pure1 some ,gross2 and numbers more3  
but1 many of these sorts are rather     
,metamorphosed ,vapours1 and ,waters1   
than pure ,elemental ,air3 for1 the pure
 ,elemental ,air1 is1 in my opinion1    
more searching and penetrating1 than    
,light2 by reason ,light may be more    
easily eclipsed1 or stopt2 when as ,air 

will search every ,pore1 and every      
,creature1 to get entrance4      ,,chap4
 ,,vi4 ,of the ,innate ,figurative      
,motion of ,fire4   ,the ,innate        
,figurative ,motions of ,elemental      
,fire1 seem the most difficult to ,human
 ,perception1 and ,conception3 for1 by  
the ,agilness1 it seems to be more pure 
than the other sorts of ,elements2 yet1 
by the ,light1 or ,visibleness1 it seems
 more gross than ,air2 but1 by the      
dilating ,property1 it seems to be more 
rare than air1 at least1 as rare as     
,air4 ,by the ,glassie or ,shining      
,property1 it seems to be of ,smooth and
 ,even ,parts3 also1 by the piercing and
 wounding ,property1 ,fire seems to be  
composed of sharp-pointed ,figurative   
,motions3 ,wherefore1 the ,innate       
,figurative ,motions of ,fire1 are1     
,pure1 ,rare1 ,smooth1 ,sharp ,points1  
which can move in ,circles1 ,squares1   
,triangles1 ,parallels1 or any other    
sorts of ,exterior ,figures1 without an 
alteration of its ,interior ,nature2 as 

may be observed by many sorts of ,fuels3
 as also1 it can contract and dilate its
 ,parts1 without any alteration of its  
,innate ,property4     ,,chap4 ,,vii4   
,of the ,productions of ,elemental      
,fire4   ,it is to be observed1 ,that   
,points of ,fire are more numerous1 and 
more suddenly propagating1 than any     
other ,element1 or any other ,creature  
that is subject to ,human ,perception4  
,but1 ,sparks of ,fire1 resemble the    
,seeds of ,vegetables1 in this1 ,that as
 ,vegetables will not encrease in all   
sorts of ,soyles1 alike2 neither will   
the ,points of ,fire1 in all sorts of   
,fuel1 alike4 ,and1 as ,vegetables      
produce different ,effects in several   
,soyls2 so doth ,fire on several ,fuels3
 ,as for example1 ,the ,seeds of        
,vegetables do not work the same ,effect
 in a ,birds ,crop1 as in the ,earth3   
for1 there they encrease the ,bird by   
digestion2 but1 in the ground1 they     
encrease their own ,issue 7as ,i may    
say73 ,so ,fire1 in some ,fuels1 doth   

destroy it self1 and occasions the ,fuel
 to be more consumed2 when as1 in other 
sorts of ,fuel1 ,fire encreases         
extreamly4 ,but ,fire1 as all other     
,creatures1 cannot subsist single of it 
self1 but must have ,food and           
,respiration2 which proves1 ,fire is not
 an ,immaterial ,motion4 ,also1 ,fire   
hath ,enemies1 as well as ,friends2 and 
some are deadly1 namely1 ,water1 or     
,watry ,liquors4 ,also1 ,fire is forced 
to comply with the ,figurative ,motions 
of those ,creatures it is joyned to3    
for1 all ,fuels will not burn1 or alter1
 alike4      ,,chap4 ,,viii4 ,of        
,,flame4   ,flame is the ,rarest ,part  
of ,fire3 and though the ,fuel of ,flame
 be of a vaporous and smoaky ,substance2
 yet surely1 there are pure ,flames1    
which are perfect ,fires3 and1 for      
proof1 we may observe1 ,that ,flame will
 dilate and run1 as it were1 to catch   
,smoak3 but1 when the ,smoak is above   
the ,flame1 if it be higher than the    
,flame can extend1 it contracts back to 

the ,fiery ,body4 ,but1 ,flame doth     
somewhat resemble that we name ,natural 
,light3 but yet1 in my opinion1 ,light  
is not ,flame2 nor hath it any ,fiery   
,property1 although it be such a sort of
 ,extenuating or ,dilating ,actions1 as 
,flame hath4     ,,chap4 ,,ix4 ,of the  
two sorts of ,fire most different4      
,there are many sorts of ,fires3 but two
 sorts are most opposite2 that is1 the  
,hot1 ,glowing1 ,burning1 ,bright1      
,shining ,fire2 and that sort of ,fire  
we name a ,dead1 ,dull ,fire2 as1       
,vitriol ,fires1 ,cordial ,fires1       
,corrosive ,fires1 ,feverish ,fires1 and
 numerous other sorts2 and every several
 sort1 hath some several ,property3 as  
for example1 ,there is greater          
difference between the ,fiery ,property 
of ,oyl1 and  the ,fiery ,property of   
,vitriol3 for1 ,oyl is neither          
,exteriorly ,hot1 nor ,burning2 whereas 
,vitriol is ,exteriorly ,burning1 though
 not ,exteriorly ,hot3 but1 the         
difference of these sorts of ,fires1 is1

 ,that the ,actions of ,elemental ,fire1
 are to ascend1 rather than to descend3 
and the ,dull1 ,dead ,fire1 is rather   
apt to descend1 than ascend2 that is1 to
 pierce1 or dilate1 either upwards1 or  
downwards3 but1 they are both of        
,dilating and ,dividing ,natures4 ,but  
this is to be noted1 ,that all sorts of 
,heats1 or ,hotness1 are not ,fire4     
,also it is to be noted1 ,that all      
,fires are not ,shining4     ,,chap4 ,x4
 ,of ,dead or ,dull ,fires4   ,,of      
,dull1 ,dead ,fires1 some sorts seem to 
be of a mixt sort3 as for example1      
,vitriol1 and the like1 seem to be      
,exteriorly1 of the ,figurative ,motions
 of ,fire2 and ,interiorly1 of the      
,figurative ,motions of ,water1 or of   
,watry ,liquors3 ,and ,oyl is of ,fiery 
,figurative ,motions1 ,interiorly2 and  
of ,liquid ,figurative ,motions1        
,exteriorly2 which is the cause that the
 ,fiery ,properties of ,oyl cannot be   
altered1 without a ,total ,dissolution  
of their ,natures4 ,but1 such sorts     

whose ,fiery ,figurative ,motions are   
,exterior1 as being not their ,innate   
,nature1 may be divided from those other
 ,natural  ,parts they were joyned to1  
without altering their ,innate ,nature4 
,,chap4 ,,xi4 ,of the ,occasional       
,actions of ,fire4   ,all ,creatures    
have not only ,innate figurative        
,motions that cause them to be such or  
such a sort of ,creature2 but1 they have
 such and such actions1 that cause such 
and such ,effects3 also1 every ,creature
 is occasioned to particular ,actions1  
by forrein ,objects2 many times to      
improper actions1 and sometimes to      
ruinous actions1 even to the dissolution
 of their ,nature3 ,and1 of all         
,creatures1 ,fire is the most ready to  
occasion the most ,mischief2 at least1  
,disorders3 for1 where it can get       
entrance1 it seldom fails of causing    
such a ,disturbance1 as occasions a     
,ruine4 ,the reason is1 that most       
,creatures are porous3 for1 all         
,creatures1 subsisting by each other1   

must of necessity have ,egress and      
,regress1 being composed of ,interior   
and ,exterior ,corporeal ,motions4 ,and 
,fire1 being the sharpest figurative    
,motion1 is apt to enter into the       
smallest ,pores4  ,but some may ask1    
,whether ,fire is porous it self8  ,i   
answer3 ,that having ,respiration1 it is
 a sufficient proof that it is ,porous3 
for1 ,fire dyes if it hath not ,air4    
,but some may say1 ,how can a ,point be 
porous8  ,i answer1 ,that a ,point is   
composed of ,parts1 and therefore may   
very well be porous3 for1 there is no   
such thing as a ,single ,part in        
,nature1 and therefore1 not a ,single   
,point4  ,also1 some may say1 ,if there 
be ,pores in ,nature1 there may be      
,vacuum4  ,i answer1 ,that1 in my       
opinion1 there is not2 because there is 
no empty ,pores in ,nature3 ,pores      
signifying only an ,egress and ,regress 
of ,parts4     ,,chap4 ,,xii4 ,fire hath
 not the ,property to ,change and       
,rechange4   ,of all the ,elemental     

,creatures1 ,fire is the least subject  
to change3 for1 though it be apt to     
occasion other ,creatures to alter2 yet 
it keeps close to its own ,properties1  
and proper ,actions3 for1 it cannot     
change1 and rechange1 as ,water can4    
,also1 ,natural ,air is not apt to      
change and rechange1 as ,water3 for1    
though it can 7as all the ,elements7    
divide and join its ,parts1 without     
altering the ,property of its ,nature3  
yet1 it cannot readily alter1 and alter 
again1 its ,natural ,properties1 as     
,water can4 ,the truth is1 ,water and   
,fire1 are opposite in all their        
,properties3 but1 as ,fire is1 of all   
the ,elements1 the furthest from        
altering3 so ,water is1 of all the      
,elements1 the most subject to alter3   
for1 all ,circular ,figures are apt to  
variety4      ,,chap4 ,,xiii4 ,of the   
,innate ,figurative ,motions of ,water4 
,the ,nature of ,water is1 ,rare1       
,fluid1 ,moist1 ,liquid1 ,wet1          
,glutinous1 and ,glassie4 ,likewise1    

,water is apt to divide and unite its   
,parts1 most of which ,properties are   
caused by several sorts of ,dilatations1
 or ,extenuations3 but1 the ,interior1  
or ,innate ,figure of ,water1 is a      
,circular ,line4 ,but yet1 it is to be  
observed1 ,that there are many several  
sorts of ,waters1 as there are many     
several sorts of ,airs1 ,fires1 and     
,earths1 and so of all ,creatures3 for1 
some ,waters are more rare than others1 
some more leight1 and some more heavy2  
some more clear1 and some more dull2    
some salt1 some sharp2 some bitter1 some
 more fresh1 or sweet2 some have cold   
,effects1 some hot ,effects3 all which  
is caused by the several ,figurative    
,motions of several sorts of ,waters3   
but1 the nature of ,water is such1 as it
 can easily alter1 or change1 and       
rechange1 and yet keep its ,interior1 or
 ,innate ,nature or ,figure4 ,but this  
is also to be observed1 ,that the       
,dilating or ,extenuating ,circle of    
,water1 is of a middle ,degree1 as      

between ,two ,extreams4      ,,chap4    
,,xiv4 ,the ,nature or ,property of     
,water4   ,wetness1 which is the        
,interior or ,innate ,property1 or      
,nature of ,water1 is1 in my opinion1   
caused by some sort of ,dilatations or  
,extenuations4 ,as1 all ,droughts1 or   
,dryness1 are caused by some sorts of   
,contractions2 so1 all ,moistures1      
,liquors1 and ,wets1 by ,dilatations3   
yet1 those ,extenuations1 or            
,dilatations1 that cause ,wet1 must be  
of such a sort of ,dilatations1 as are  
proper to ,wet2 viz4 ,such a sort of    
,extenuations1 as are ,circular         
,extenuations2 which do dilate1 or      
extenuate1 in a smooth1 equal           
dilatation1 from the ,center1 to the    
,circumference2 which ,extenuations1 or 
,dilatations1 are of a middle ,degree2  
for otherwise1 the ,figure of ,water    
might be extended beyond the ,degree of 
,wet2 or1 not extended to the ,degree of
 ,wet4 ,and it is to be observed1 ,that 
there is such a ,degree as only causes  

moistness1 and another to cause         
liquidness1 the third to cause wetness3 
for1 though ,moistness and ,liquidness  
are in the way of ,wetness2 yet1 they   
are not that which we name ,wet3 also1  
all that is ,soft1 or ,smooth1 is not   
,wet2 nor is all that is ,liquid1 or    
,flowing1 ,wet3 for1 some sorts of ,air 
are liquid and flowing1 but not wet3    
nay1 ,flame is liquid and flowing1 but  
yet quite opposite from wet4 ,dust is   
flowing1 but neither liquid or wet1 in  
its ,nature4 ,and ,hair and ,feathers   
are soft and smooth1 but neither liquid1
 nor wet4 ,but1 as ,i said1 ,water is of
 such a ,nature1 as to have the         
,properties of ,soft1 ,smooth1 ,moist1  
,liquid1 and ,wet2 and is also of such  
flowing ,properties1 caused by such a   
sort of ,extenuating ,circles as are of 
a ,middle or ,mean ,degree3 but yet1    
there are many several sorts of         
,liquors1 and ,wets1 as we may perceive 
in ,fruit1 ,herbs1 and the like3 but1   
all sorts of ,wets1 and ,liquors1 are of

 a watry kind1 though of a different    
sort4 ,but1 as ,i have said1 all things 
that are ,fluid1 are not ,wet2 as1      
,melted ,metal1 ,flame1 ,light1 and the 
like1 are fluid1 but not wet3 and ,smoak
 and ,oyl are of another sort of        
,liquidness1 than ,water1 or ,juyce2 but
 yet they are not wet3 and that which   
causes the difference of different sorts
 of ,waters1 and ,watry ,liquors1 are   
the differences of the watry ,circular  
,lines2 as1 some are edged1 some are    
pointed1 some are twisted1 some are     
braided1 some are flat1 some are round1 
some ruff1 some smooth2 and so after    
divers several ,forms or ,figures3 and  
yet are perfect ,circles1 and of some   
such a ,degree of ,extenuations or      
,dilatations4      ,,chap4 ,,xv4 ,of the
 ,alteration of the ,exterior           
,figurative ,motion of ,water4   ,as ,i 
formerly said1 ,the ,figurative ,motions
 of the ,innate ,nature of ,water1 is a 
sort of ,extenuating2 as being an equal1
 smooth ,circle3 which is the cause     

,water is rare1 fluid1 moist1 liquid1   
and wet4 ,but1 the ,exterior ,figurative
 ,motions of the watry ,circle1 may be  
edged1 pointed1 sharp1 blunt1 flat1     
round1 smooth1 ruff1 or the like2 which 
may be either divided1 or altered1      
without any alteration of the ,innate   
,nature1 or ,property3 ,as for example1 
,salt-water may be made fresh1 or the   
,salt ,parts divided from the watry     
,circle3 ,the like of other sorts of    
,waters2 and yet the ,nature of ,water  
remains4     ,,chap4 ,,xvi4 ,of ,,oyl1  
and ,,vitriol4   ,the ,exterior         
,figurative ,motions of ,oyl1 are so    
much like those of ,water1 as1 to be    
fluid1 smooth1 soft1 moist1 and liquid1 
although not perfectly wet3 but1 the    
,interior ,figurative ,motions of ,oyl1 
are of that sort of ,fire1 that we name 
a ,dull1 ,dead ,fire3 and the difference
 between ,salt ,waters1  ,vitriol or the
 like1 and ,oyl1 is1 ,that the ,exterior
 ,figurative ,motions of ,vitriol and   
,salt ,waters1 are of a sort of ,fire2  

whereas it is the ,interior ,figurative 
,motions of ,oyl1 or the like1 that are 
of those sorts of ,fire2 and that is the
 reason that the fiery ,motions of ,oyl 
cannot be altered1 as the fiery ,motions
 of ,vitriol may4 ,but this is to be    
noted1 ,that although the ,interior     
,figurative ,motions of ,oyl1 are of    
such a sort of fiery ,motions2 yet1 not 
just like those of ,vitriol2 and are not
 burning1 corroding1 or wounding1 as    
,vitriols1 ,corrosives1 and the like1   
are3 for1 those are somewhat more of the
 ,nature of bright shining ,fires1 than 
,oyls4     ,,chap4 ,,xvii4 ,of ,mineral 
and ,sulphureous ,waters4   ,in         
,sulphureous and ,mineral ,waters1 the  
,sulphureous and ,mineral ,corporeal    
,motions1 are ,exterior1 and not        
,interior1 like ,salt waters3 but1 there
 are several sorts of such waters2 also1
 some are occasionally1 others naturally
 so affected3 for1 some waters running  
through ,sulphureous1 or ,mineral       
,mines1 gather1 like a rowling ,stone1  

some of the loose ,parts of ,gravel1 or 
,sand2 which1 as they stick or cleave to
 the rowling ,stone2 so they do to the  
running ,waters2 as we may perceive by  
those waters that spring out of ,chalk1 
,clay1 or ,lime ,grounds1 which will    
have some ,tinctures of the ,lime1      
,chalk1 or ,clay2 and the same happens  
to ,minerals4 ,but1 some are naturally  
,sulphureous2 as for example1 ,some     
sorts of hot ,baths are as naturally    
,sulphureous1 as the ,sea-water is      
,salt3 but1 all those ,effects of       
,minerals1 ,sulphurs1 and the like1 are 
dividable from1 and also may be joyn'd  
to1 the ,body of water1 without any     
disturbance to the nature of water2 as  
may be proved by ,salt-water1 which will
 cause fresh ,meat to be salt2 and salt 
,meat will cause ,fresh-water to be     
salt4 ,as for hot ,baths1 those have hot
 figurative ,motions1 but not burning3  
and the moist1 liquid1 and wet ,nature  
of water1 makes it apt to joyn1 and     
divide1 to1 and from other sorts of     

,motions2 as also1 to and from its own  
sort4     ,,chap4 ,,xviii4 ,the ,cause  
of the ,ebbing and ,flowing of the ,sea4
   ,the ,nature of water is to flow2 so 
that all sorts of waters will flow1 if  
they be not obstructed3 but it is not   
the ,nature of ,water1 to ebb4 ,neither 
can water flow beyond the ,power of its 
,quantity3 for1 a little water will not 
flow so far as a great one4 ,but1 ,i do 
not mean by flowing1 the falling of     
water from some ,descent2 but1 to flow  
upon a ,level3 for1 as ,i have said1 all
 waters do naturally flow1 if they be   
not obstructed2 but1 few sorts of water1
 besides ,sea-water1 ebbs4 ,as for the  
,exterior ,figurative ,motions of water1
 in the action of flowing1 they are an  
,oval1 or a half ,circle1 or a half     
,moon2 where the middle parts of the    
half ,moon1 or ,circle1 are fuller than 
the two ,ends4 ,also1 the figure of a   
half ,moon1 or half ,circle1 is concave 
on the inside1 and convex on the outside
 of the ,circle3 but1 these ,figurative 

,motions1 in a great quantity of water1 
are bigg and full1 which we name ,waves 
of ,water2 which waves flowing fast upon
 each other1 presses each other forward1
 until such time as the half ,circle    
divides3 for1 when the ,bow of the half 
,circle is over-bent1 or stretched1 it  
divides into the middle1 which is most  
extended3 and when a half ,circle 7which
 is a whole wave of water7 is divided1  
the divided ,parts fall equally back on 
each side of the flowing waves3 so1     
every wave dividing1 after that manner1 
in the full extension1 it causes the    
motion of ebbing1 that is1 to flow back1
 as it flow'd forward3 for1 the divided 
,parts falling back1 and joining as they
 meet1 makes the head of the half       
,circle1 where the ,ends of the half    
,circle were2 and the ,convex1 where the
 ,concave was2 by which action1 the     
ebbing ,parts are become the flowing    
,parts4 ,and the reason that it ebbs and
 flows by degrees1 is1 ,that the flowing
 half ,circles require so much time to  

be at the utmost extension4 ,also1 every
 wave1 or half ,circle1 divides not all 
at one time1 but one after another3 for1
 two ,bodies cannot be in one place at  
one point of time2 and until the second1
 third1 and so the rest1 flow as far as 
the first1 they are not at their full   
extension4 ,and thus the ,sea1 or such a
 great ,body of ,water1 must flow1 and  
ebb1 as being its nature to flow2 and   
the flowing ,figure1 being              
over-extended1 by endeavouring to flow  
beyond its power1 causes a dividing of  
the ,extended ,parts1 which is the      
,cause of the ,ebbing4  ,but1 whether   
this ,opinion of mine1 be as probable as
 any of the former ,opinions concerning 
the ,ebbing and ,flowing of the ,sea1 ,i
 cannot judg3 but ,i would not be       
mistaken2 for the flowing of the water1 
is according to its ,quantity2 for1 the 
further it flows1 the fainter1 or weaker
 it is4     ,,chap4 ,,xix4 ,of          
,,overflows4   ,as for ,overflows1 there
 be many2 and many more would be1 if the

 waters were not hindred and obstructed 
by ,man's ,inventions4 ,but1 some       
,overflows are very ,uncertain and      
,irregular2 others1 ,certain and        
,regular1 as1 the flowing of ,nilus in  
,egypt3 but as for the distance of time 
of its flowing1 it may proceed from the 
far ,journey of those flowing-waters3   
and1 the time of its ebbing1 may be     
attributed to the great ,quantity of    
,water2 so that the great quantity of   
water1 will cause a longer or a shorter 
time in the flowing or ebbing2 and      
certainly the waters are as long a      
flowing back1 as flowing forward4  ,as  
for ,spring ,tides1 they are only in    
such a time when there is a ,naturall   
,issue of a greater quantity of water3  
so that ,spring-,tides are but once a   
,month1 and ,single-,tides in so many   
hours3 but1 many several occasions1 may 
make the ,tides to be more or less full4
  ,as for ,double-,tides1 they are      
occasioned through the ,irregular       
dividing of the ,half-,circle2 as1 when 

they divide not orderly1 but faster than
 they orderly should do2 which1 falling 
back in a ,crowd1 and being1 by that    
means1 obstructed1 so that they cannot  
get forward1 they are necessitated to   
flow1 where they ebb'd4  ,the reason the
 ,tides flow through ,streams of        
,running-waters1 is1 ,that the ,tide is 
stronger than the ,stream3 but1 if the  
,stream and ,tides pass through each    
other1 then the ,tide and ,stream are   
somewhat like ,duellers together1 which 
make ,passes and ,passages for their    
conveniency4      ,,chap4 ,,xx4 ,of the 
,figure of ,ice and ,snow4   ,a ,circle 
may not only extend and contract it self
 without dividing2 but may draw it self 
into many several ,figures1 as ,squares1
 or ,triangles3 as also1 into many other
 ,figures mix'd of ,squares1 ,triangles1
 ,cubes1 or the like2 being partly one1 
and partly1 another2 and into other     
several ways1 and after several manners2
 which is the reason1 ,water may appear 
in many several ,postures of ,snow1     

,ice1 ,hail1 ,frost1 and the like3 and1 
in my ,opinion1 when the ,water-,circle 
is ,triangular1 it is ,snow2 when the   
,circle is ,square1 it is ,ice3 as for  
,hail1 they are but small pieces of     
,ice2 that is1 small ,parts1 or few     
,drops of ,water1 changed into ,ice2 and
 those several ,parts moving after      
several manners1 make the ,exterior     
,figures1 after several shapes2 as1     
great ,bodies of ,ice will be of many   
several shapes1 occasioned by many or   
fewer ,parts1 and by the several        
,postures of those ,parts3 but1 such    
,figures1 though they are of ,ice1 yet1 
are not the ,innate ,figures of ,ice4   
,the same is to be said of ,snow4 ,but1 
the reason of these my ,opinions        
concerning the ,figures of ,ice and     
,snow1 is1 ,that ,snow is leighter than 
the ,water it self2 and ,ice is heavier1
 at least1 as heavy4 ,and the reason    
,snow is so leight1 is1 ,that a         
,triangular ,figure hath no poyse1 being
 an odd ,figure2 whereas a ,square is   

poysed by ,even and ,equal ,lines1 and  
just ,number of ,points1 as1 ,two to    
,two3 but1 a ,triangle is ,two to ,one4 
,also1 a ,circle is a poysed ,figure1 as
 being equal every way1 from the ,center
 to the ,circumference2 and from the    
,circumference to the ,center1 all the  
,lines drawing to one ,point4 ,but1     
mistake me not2 for ,i treat 7concerning
 the ,figures of ,snow and ,ice7 only of
 those ,figures that cause ,water to be 
,snow or ,ice2 and not of the ,exterior 
,figures of ,snow and ,ice1 which are   
occasioned by the ,order or ,disorder of
 ,adjoining ,parts3 for1 several ,parts 
of ,water1 may order themselves into    
numerous several ,figures1 which concern
 not the nature of ,water1 as it is     
,water1 ,snow1 or ,ice3 ,as for example1
 ,many ,men in a ,battel1 or upon       
,ceremony1 joyn into many several       
,figures or ,forms2 which ,figures or   
,forms1 are of no concern to their      
,innate ,nature4 ,also1 the several     
,figures or ,forms of several ,houses1  

or several sorts of ,building in one    
,house1 are of no concern to the ,innate
 ,nature of the ,materials4 ,the like   
for the ,exterior ,figures of ,ice and  
,snow2 and therefore ,microscopes may   
deceive the ,artist1 who may take the   
,exterior for the ,interior ,figure2 but
 there may be great difference between  
them4      ,,chap4 ,,xxi4 ,of the       
,change and ,rechange of ,water4        
,water being of a ,circular ,figurative 
,motion1 is1 as it were1 but one ,part1 
having no divisions2 and therefore can  
more easily change and rechange it self 
into several ,postures1 viz4 into the   
,posture of a ,triangle1 or ,square2 or 
can be dilated or extended into a larger
 compass1 or contracted into a lesser   
compass2 which is the cause it can turn 
into ,vapour and ,vaporous ,air2 or into
 ,slime1 or into some grosser ,figure3  
,for example1 ,water can extend it self 
beyond the proper degrees of ,water1    
into the degree of ,vapour2 and the     
,circle1 extending further than the     

degree of a ,vaporous ,circle1 is       
extended into a ,vaporous ,air2 and if  
the ,vaporous ,airy ,circle be extreamly
 extended1 it becomes so small1 as it   
becomes to be a sharp ,edg1 and so1 in a
 degree1 next to ,fire2 at least1 to    
have a hot ,effect3 but1 if it extends  
further than an ,edg1 the ,circle breaks
 into ,flashes of ,fire1 like           
,lightning1 which is a flowing ,flame3  
for1 being produced from ,water1 it hath
 the property of ,flowing1 or           
,streaming1 as ,water hath1 as we may   
perceive by the ,effects of some few    
,parts of ,water flung on a bright      
,fire2 for those few drops of ,water    
being not enough to quench the ,fire1   
straight dilate so extreamly1 that they 
break into a ,flame2 or else cause the  
,fire to be more brisk and bright3 and  
as the ,water-,circle can be turned into
 ,vapour1 ,air1 and ,flame1 by          
,extension2 so1 it can be turned into   
,snow1 ,hail1 or ,ice1 by ,contraction4 
,,chap4 ,,xxii4 ,of ,water ,quenching   

,fire2 and ,fire ,evaporating ,water4   
,there is such an ,antipathy betwixt    
,water and ,fire1 7,i mean bright       
shining ,fire7 that they never meet     
,body to ,body1 but ,fire is in danger  
to be quenched out1 if there be a       
sufficient ,quantity of ,water4 ,but it 
is to be observed1 ,that it is not the  
actual ,coldness of ,water1 that        
quenches out ,fire2 for1 ,scalding-water
 will quench out ,fire3 wherefore1 it is
 the ,wetness that quenches out ,fire2  
which ,wetness choaks the ,fire1 as a   
,man that is drown'd3 for1 ,water being 
not fit for ,man's ,respiration1 because
 it is too thick1 choaks and smuthers   
him2 and the same doth ,water to ,fire3 
for1 though ,air is of a proper temper  
for ,respiration1 both to some sorts of 
,animals1 such as ,man2 as also1 to     
,fire3 yet1 ,water is not3 which is most
 proper for other sorts of ,animals1    
namely1 ,fish2 as also1 for some sorts  
of ,animals that are of a mixt kind or  
sort1 partly ,fish1 and partly ,flesh3  

to which sort of ,creatures1 both ,air  
and ,water are both equally proper for  
their ,respiration2 or1 their           
,respiration equal to either3 for       
certainly1 all sorts of ,creatures have 
,respiration1 by reason all ,creatures  
subsist by each other2 ,i say1 ,by each 
other1 not ,of each other4 ,but1 there  
are many several sorts and kinds of     
,respirations2 as concerning ,water and 
,fire1 though a sufficient quantity of  
,water1 to ,fire1 doth always choak1    
smuther1 or quench out the ,fire's      
,life1 if joyn'd ,body to ,body2 yet1   
when there is another ,body between     
those two ,bodies1 water is in danger to
 be infected with the ,fire's heat2 the 
,fire first infecting the ,body next to 
it2 and that ,body infecting the ,water3
 by which ,infection1 ,water is         
consumed1 either by a languishing       
,hectick ,fever2 or1 by a raging        
,boyling ,fever2 and the ,life of ,water
 evaporates away4     ,,chap4 ,,xxiii4  
,of ,inflamable ,liquors4   ,there are  

many ,bodies of mixt ,natures2 as for   
example1 ,wine1 and all ,strong         
,liquors1 are partly of a watry ,nature1
 and partly of a fiery ,nature2 but1    
'tis of that sort we name a ,dead1 or   
,dull ,fire3 but1 being of such a mixt  
,nature1 they are both apt to quench    
,bright ,fire1 as also1 apt to burn or  
flame2 so that such sorts are both      
,inflamable1 and ,quenchable4 ,but1 some
 have more of the fiery ,nature2 and    
others more of the watry ,nature2 and1  
by those ,effects1 we may perceive1 that
 not only different1 but opposite       
,figurative ,motions1 do well agree in  
one ,society4     ,,chap4 ,,xxiv4 ,of   
,,thunder4   ,i observe1 that all       
,tempestuous ,sounds have some          
resemblances to the flowing of waters1  
either in great and ruffling waves2 or1 
when the waters flow in such sort1 as to
 break in pieces against hard and rugged
 ,rocks2 or run down great ,precipices1 
or against some ,obstruction4 ,and the  
like ,sound hath the ,blowings of ,wind1

 or the ,clappings of ,thunder2 which   
causes me to be of opinion1 ,that       
,thunder is occasioned by a ,discord    
amongst some ,water-,circles in the     
,higher ,region2 which1 pressing and    
beating upon each other in a confused   
manner1 cause a confused ,sound1 by     
reason all ,circles are ,concave within 
the ,bow1 and ,convex without2 which is 
a ,hollow ,figure1 although no ,vacuum3 
which ,hollow ,figure1 causes quick     
,repetitions and ,replies2 which        
,replies and ,repetitions1 we name      
,rebounds but1 ,replies are not         
,rebounds2 for1 ,rebounds are ,pressures
 and ,re-actions2 whereas ,repetitions  
are without ,pressure1 but ,re-action is
 not3 and1 ,replies are of several      
,parts2 as1 one ,part to reply to       
another4   ,but for ,thunder1 it is     
occasioned both by ,pressures and       
,re-actions2 as also1 ,replies of       
,extended ,water-,circles1 which make a 
kind or sort of ,confusion1 and so a    
confused ,sound1 which we name ,horrid2 

and1 according to their ,discord1 the   
,sound is more or less terrifying1 or   
violent4 ,but this is to be noted1 ,that
 as ,thunder is caused by undivided or  
broken ,circles2 so ,lightning is caused
 by broken or divided ,circles1 that are
 extended beyond the ,power of the      
,nature of the ,water-,circle2 and when 
the ,circle is extreamly extended1 it   
divides it self into a straight ,line1  
and becomes a flowing ,flame4           
,,chap4 ,,xxv4 ,of ,vapour1 ,smoak1     
,wind1 and ,clouds4   ,vapour and ,smoak
 are both fluid ,bodies3 but1 ,smoak is 
more of the ,nature of ,oyl1 than       
,water2 and ,vapour more of the ,nature 
of ,water1 than ,oyl2 they are          
dividable3 and may be join'd1 as other  
,elements3 also1 they are of a          
,metamorphosing ,nature1 as to change   
and rechange2 but1 when they are        
,metamorphosed into the form of ,air1   
that ,air is a gross ,air1 and is1 as we
 say1 a corruptible ,air4 ,as for       
,vapour1 it is apt to turn into ,wind3  

for1 when it is rarified beyond the     
,nature of ,vapour1 and not so much as  
into the ,nature of ,air1 it turns into 
some sorts of ,wind4 ,i say1 some sorts3
 and certainly1 the strongest ,winds are
 made of the grossest ,vapours4 ,as for 
,smoak1 it is apt to turn into some     
sorts of ,lightning2 ,i say1 apt3 for1  
both ,vapour and ,smoak can turn into   
many sorts of ,metamorphosed ,elements4 
,as for ,wind1 it proceeds either from  
,rarified ,vapour1 or ,contracted ,air4 
,and there are many sorts of ,vapours1  
,smoaks1 and ,winds2 all which sorts of 
,vapours and ,smoaks1 are apt to ascend3
 but1 ,wind is of a more level action4  
,as for ,clouds1 they cannot be composed
 of a ,natural ,air2 because ,natural   
,air is too rare a ,body to make        
,clouds4 ,wherefore1 ,clouds are        
composed of ,vapour and ,smoak3 for1    
when ,vapour and ,smoak ascends up high 
without transformation1 they gather into
 ,clouds1 some higher1 some lower1      
according to their purity3 for1 the     

purer sort 7as ,i may say for           
expression-sake7 ascends the highest1 as
 being the most agil4 ,but1 concerning  
the ,figurative ,motions of ,vapour and 
,smoak1 they are ,circles2 but of       
,winds1 they are broken ,parts of       
,circular ,vapours3 for1 when the       
,vaporous ,circle is extended beyond its
 ,nature of ,vapour1 the ,circumference 
of the ,circle breaks into perturbed    
,parts2 and if the ,parts be small1 the 
wind is1 in our perception1 sharp1      
pricking1 and piercing3 but1 if the     
,parts are not so small1 then the wind  
is strong and pressing3 but wind1 being 
rarified ,vapour1 is so like ,air1 as it
 is not perceived by human sight1 though
 it be perceived by human touch4 ,but1  
as there are hot vapours1 cold vapours1 
sharp vapours1 moist vapours1 dry       
vapours1 subtil vapours1 and the like2  
so there is such sorts of winds4 ,but1  
pray do not mistake me1 when ,i say1    
that some sorts of winds are broken and 
perturbed ,circles1 as if ,i meant1 such

 as those of ,lightning3 for1 those of  
,lightning1 are extended beyond the     
degree of ,air2 and those of ,vapours1  
are not extended to the degree of ,air3 
also1 those of ,lightning1 are not      
perturbed2 and those of ,wind1 are      
perturbed4 ,again1 those of ,lightning1 
flow in ,streams of smooth1 small1 even 
,lines2 those of ,wind1 in disordered   
,parts and ,fragments4     ,,chap4      
,,xxvi4 ,of ,,wind4   ,wind and ,fire   
have some resemblance in some of their  
particular actions3 as for example1     
,wind and ,fire endeavour the           
disturbance of other ,creatures1        
occasioning a separating and disjoining 
of ,parts4 ,also1 ,wind is both an      
,enemy and ,friend to ,fire3 for ,wind1 
in some sorts of its actions1 will      
assist ,fire2 and in other actions1     
dissipates ,fire1 nay1 blows it out3 but
 certainly1 the powerful ,forces of     
,wind1 proceed not so much from         
,solidity1 as ,agility3 for1 soft1 weak1
 quick ,motions1 are far more powerful1 

than strong1 slow ,motions2 because1    
quick ,replies are of great ,force1 as  
allowing no time of respit4 ,but this is
 to be observed1 ,that ,wind hath some  
watry ,effects3 for1 the further water  
flows1 the weaker and fainter it is3 so 
the ,wind1 the further it blows1 the    
weaker and fainter it is4 ,but this is  
to be observed1 ,that according to the  
agilness or slowness of the ,corporeal  
,motions2 or1 according to the number2  
or1 according to the manner of the      
compositions1 or joynings1 or divisions2
 or1 according to the regularity or     
irregularity of the ,corporeal          
,figurative ,motions1 so are the        
,effects4     ,,chap4 ,,xxvii4 ,of      
,,light4   ,water1 ,air1 ,fire1 and     
,light2 are all ,rare and ,fluid        
,creatures2 but they are of different   
sorts of ,rarities and ,fluities3 and1  
though ,light seems to be extreamly     
,rare and ,fluid2 yet1 ,light is not so 
,rare and ,fluid1 as pure ,air is1      
because it is subject to that sort of   

,human ,perception we name ,sight2 but  
yet1 it is not subject to any of the    
other ,perceptions3 and1 pure ,air is   
only subject to the ,perception of      
,respiration1 which seems to be a more  
subtil ,perception than ,sight2 and that
 occasions me to believe1 ,that ,air is 
more ,rare and ,pure1 than ,light3 but  
howsoever1 ,i conceive the ,figurative  
,motions of ,light1 to be extraordinary 
even1 smooth1 agil ,lines of ,corporeal 
,motions3 but1 as ,i said before1 there 
are many sorts of ,lights that are not  
,elemental ,lights2 as1 ,glow-worms     
,tails1 ,cats ,eyes1 ,rotten ,wood1     
,fish ,bones1 and that ,human ,light    
which is made in ,dreams1 and ,infinite 
other ,lights1 not subject to our       
,perception3 which proves1 ,that ,light 
may be without ,heat4 ,but1 whether the 
,light of the ,sun1 which we name       
,natural ,light1 is naturally hot1 may  
be a dispute3 for1 many times1 the      
,night is hotter than the ,day4         
,,chap4 ,,xxviii4 ,of ,,darkness4   ,the

 ,figurative ,motions of ,light and     
,darkness1 are quite opposite2 and the  
,figurative ,motions of ,colours1 are as
 a ,mean between both1 being partly of  
the ,nature of both3 but1 as the        
,figurative ,motions of ,light1 in my   
opinion1 are rare1 straight1 equal1     
even1 smooth ,figurative ,motions3 those
 of ,darkness are uneven1 ruff1 or      
rugged1 and more dense4 ,indeed1 there  
is as much difference between ,light and
 ,darkness1 as between ,earth and       
,water2 or rather1 between ,water and   
,fire2 because each is an ,enemy to     
other2 and1 being opposite1 they        
endeavour to out-power each other4 ,but 
this is to be noted1 ,that ,darkness is 
as visible to ,human ,perception1 as    
,light2 although the ,nature of         
,darkness is1 ,to obscure all other     
,objects besides it self3 but1 if       
,darkness could  not be perceived1 the  
,optick ,perception could not know when 
it is dark2 nay1 particular dark        
,figurative ,motions1 are as visible in 

a general ,light1 as any other ,object2 
which could not be1 if ,darkness was    
only a privation of ,light1 as the      
,opinions of many ,learned ,men are3    
but1 as ,i said before1 ,darkness is of 
a quite different ,figurative ,motion1  
from ,light2 so different1 that it is   
just opposite3 for1 as the property of  
,light is to divulge ,objects2 so1 the  
property of ,darkness is to obscure     
them3 but1 mistake me not2 ,i mean1 that
 ,light and ,darkness have such         
properties to our ,perception3 but1     
whether it is so to all ,perceptions1 is
 more than ,i know1 or is1 as ,i        
believe1 known to any other ,human      
,creature4     ,,chap4 ,,xxix4 ,of      
,,colours4   ,,as for ,colour1 it is the
 same with ,body3 for surely1 there is  
no such thing in ,nature1 as a          
,colourless ,body1 were it as small as  
an ,atom2 nor no such thing as a        
,figureless ,body2 or such a thing as a 
,placeless ,body3 so that ,matter1      
,colour1 ,figure1 and ,place1 is but one

 thing1 as one and the same ,body3 but  
,matter1 being self-moving1 causes      
varieties of ,figurative ,actions1 by   
various changes4 ,as for ,colours1 they 
are only several ,corporeal ,figurative 
,motions2 and as there are several sorts
 of ,creatures1 so there are several    
sorts of ,colours3 but1 as there are    
those1 ,man names ,artificial           
,creatures2 so there are ,artificial    
,colours4 ,but1 though to describe the  
several ,species of all the several     
sorts of ,colours1 be impossible2 yet we
 may observe1 that there is more variety
 of ,colours amongst ,vegetables and    
,animals1 than amongst ,minerals and    
,elements3 for1 though the ,rain-bow is 
of many fine ,colours2 yet1 the         
,rain-bow hath not so much ,variety1 as 
many particular ,vegetables1 or ,animals
 have2 but every several ,colour1 is a  
several ,figurative ,motion2 and the    
,brighter the ,colours are1 the         
,smoother and ,evener are the           
,figurative ,motions4 ,and as for       

,shadows of ,colours1 they are caused   
when one sort of ,figurative ,motions is
 as the ,foundation3 for example1 ,if   
the ,fundamental ,figurative ,motion1 be
 a deep ,blew1 or ,red1 or the like1    
then all the variations of other        
,colours have a tincture4 ,but1 in      
short1 all ,shadows have a ground of    
some sort of dark ,figurative ,motions4 
,but1 the ,opinions of many ,learned    
,men1 are1 ,that all ,colours are made  
by the several ,positions of ,light1 and
 are not inherent in any ,creature2 of  
which ,opinion ,i am not3 ,for1 if that 
were so1 every ,creature would be of    
many several ,colours2 neither would any
 ,creature produce after their own      
,species3 for1 a ,parrot would not      
produce so fine a ,bird as her self2    
neither would any ,creature appear of   
one and the same ,colour1 but their     
,colour would change according to the   
,positions of ,light2 and in a dark day1
 in my opinion1 all fine coloured       
,birds1 would appear like ,crows2 and   

fine coloured ,flowers1 appear like the 
,herb named ,night-shade2 which is not  
so4 ,i do not say1 ,that several        
,positions of ,light may not cause      
,colours2 but ,i say1 ,the ,position of 
,light is not the ,maker of all         
,colours2 for1 ,dyers cannot cause      
several ,colours by the ,positions of   
,light4     ,,chap4 ,,xxx4 ,of the      
,exterior ,motions of the ,planets4     
,by the ,exterior ,motions of the       
,planets1 we may believe their ,exterior
 ,shape is ,spherical3 for1 it is to be 
observed1 ,that all ,exterior ,actions  
are according to their ,exterior ,shape3
 but1 by reason ,vegetables and         
,minerals have not such sorts of        
,exterior ,motions or ,actions1 as      
,animals2 some ,men are of opinion1 they
 have not ,sensitive ,life2 which       
opinion proceeds from a shallow         
consideration3 neither do they believe  
the ,elements are sensible1 although    
they visibly perceive their ,progressive
 ,motions2 and yet believe all sorts of 

,animals to have sense1 only because    
they have ,progressive ,motions4        
,,chap4 ,,xxxi4 ,of the ,sun1 and       
,planets1 and ,seasons4   ,the ,sun1    
,moon1 ,planets1 and all those          
glittering ,starrs we see1 are several  
sorts of that ,man names ,elemental     
,creatures3 but ,man1 having not an     
infinite ,perception1 cannot have an    
infinite perceptive knowledg3 for1      
though the ,rational ,perception is more
 subtil than the ,sensitive2 yet1 the   
particular ,parts cannot perceive much  
further than the ,exterior ,parts of    
,objects3 but1 ,human ,sense and ,reason
 cannot perceive what the ,sun1 ,moon1  
and ,starrs are2 as1 whether solid1 or  
rare2 or1 whether the ,sun be a ,body of
 ,fire2 or the ,moon1 a ,body of ,water1
 or ,earth2 or1 whether the ,fixed      
,starrs be all several ,suns2 or1       
whether they be other kinds or sorts of 
,worlds4 ,but certainly1 all ,creatures 
do subsist by each other1 because       
,nature seems to be an ,infinite united 

,body1 without ,vacuum4 ,as for the     
several ,seasons of the ,year1 they are 
divided into ,four ,parts3 but the      
several ,changes and ,tempers of the    
,four ,seasons1 are so various1 altering
 every moment1 as it would be an endless
 work1 nay1 impossible1 for one         
,creature to perform3 for1 though the   
,almanack-makers pretend to foreknow all
 the variations of the ,elements2 yet1  
they can tell no more than just what is 
the constant and set-motions2 but not   
the variations of every ,hour1 or       
,minute2 neither can they tell any      
thing1 more than their ,exterior        
,motions4     ,,chap4 ,,xxxii4 ,of ,air 
corrupting ,dead ,bodies4   ,some are of
 opinion1 ,that ,air is a ,corrupter1   
and so a ,dissolver of all dead         
,creatures1 and yet is the ,preserver of
 all living ,creatures4 ,if so1 ,air    
hath an ,infinite ,power3 but1 all the  
reason ,i can perceive for this         
,opinion1 is1 ,that ,man perceives1 that
 when any ,raw 7or that we name ,dead7  

,flesh1 is kept from the air1 it will   
not stink1 or corrupt1 so soon as when  
it is in the air3 but yet it is well    
known1 that extream cold air will keep  
,flesh from corrupting4  ,another       
,reason is1 ,that a ,flye entomb'd in   
,amber1 being kept from air1 the ,flye  
remains in her ,exterior ,shape as      
perfectly as if she were alive4  ,i     
answer1 ,the cause of that may be1 that 
the ,figurative ,motions of ,amber1 may 
sympathize with the ,exterior consistent
 ,motions of the ,fly1 which may cause  
the ,exterior ,shape of the ,flye to    
continue1 although the ,innate ,nature  
be altered4 ,but ,air is1 as all other  
,creatures are1 both ,beneficial1 and   
,hurtful to each other2 for ,nature is  
poysed with ,opposites3 for we may      
perceive1 that several ,creatures are   
both ,beneficial and ,hurtful to each   
other3 as for example1 ,a ,bear kills a 
,man2 and1 on the other side1 a ,bear's 
,skin will cure a ,man of some ,disease4
 ,also1 a ,wild-,boar will kill a ,man2 

and the ,boar's ,flesh will nourish a   
,man4 ,fire will burn a ,man1 and       
preserve a ,man2 and ,millions of such  
,examples may be proposed4 ,the same may
 be said of ,air1 which may occasion    
,good or ,evil to other ,creatures2 as1 
the ,amber may occasion the death of a  
,fly2 and1 on the other side1 may       
occasion the ,preservation1 or          
,continuation of the ,fly's ,exterior   
,figure1 or ,form3 but1 ,nature being   
without ,vacuum1 all her ,parts must be 
be joined2 and her ,actions being       
poysed1 there must be both              
,sympathetical1 and ,antipathetical     
actions1 amongst all ,creatures4        
,the ,thirteenth ,part4     ,,chap4 ,i4 
,of the ,innate ,figurative ,motions of 
,metals4   ,all sorts of ,metals1 in my 
opinion1 are of some sorts of ,circular 
,motions2 but not like that sort1 that  
is ,water3 for1 the ,water-,circle doth 
extend outward1 from the ,center2       
whereas1 in my opinion1 the ,circular   
,motion of ,metal1 draws inward1 from   

the ,circumference4 ,also1 in my        
opinion1 the ,circular ,motions are     
dense1 flat1 edged1 even1 and smooth2   
for1 all ,bright and ,glassie ,bodies   
are smooth3 and1 though ,edges are      
wounding ,figures2 yet1 ,edges are      
rather of the ,nature of a ,line1 than  
of a ,point4 ,again1 all ,motions that  
tend to a ,center1 are more fixt than   
those that extend to a ,circumference3  
but1 it is according to the degree of   
their ,extensions1 that those ,creatures
 are more or less fixt2 which is the    
cause that some sorts of ,metals are    
more fixt than others2 and that causes  
,gold to be the most fixt of all other  
sorts of ,metals2 and seems to be too   
strong for the ,effects of ,fire4 ,but  
this is to be noted1 ,that some ,metals 
are more near related to some sort1 than
 other3 as for example1 ,there is no    
,lead1 without some ,silver2 so that    
,silver seems to be but a well-digested 
,lead4 ,and certainly1 ,copper hath some
 near relation to ,gold1 although not so

 near related1 as ,lead is to ,silver4  
,,chap4 ,,ii4 ,of the ,melting of       
,metals4   ,metals may be occasioned1 by
 ,fire1 to slack their ,retentive       
,motions1 by which they become fluid2   
and as soon as they are quit of their   
,enemy1 ,fire1 the ,figurative ,motions 
of ,metal return to their proper ,order3
 and this is the reason that occasions  
,metal to melt1 which is1 to flow3 but  
yet1 the ,flowing ,motion is but like   
the ,exterior1 and not the ,innate      
actions of3 for1 the ,melting actions do
 not alter the ,innate actions2 that is1
 they do not alter from the ,nature of  
being ,metal3 but1 if the ,exterior     
,nature be occasioned1 by the ,excess of
 those ,exterior actions1 to alter their
 ,retentive actions1 then ,metal turns  
to that we name ,dross2 and as much as  
,metal loses of its weight1 so much of  
the ,metal dissolves2 that is1 so much  
of those ,innate motions are quite      
altered3 but1 ,gold hath such an ,innate
 ,retentiveness1 that though ,fire may  

cause an extream alteration of the      
,exterior actions2 yet1 it cannot alter 
the ,interior motions4 ,the like is of  
,quick-silver4 ,and yet ,gold is not a  
,god1 to be ,unalterable1 though man    
knows not the way1 and ,fire has not the
 power to alter the ,innate ,nature of  
,gold4     ,,chap4 ,,iii4 ,of ,burning1 
,melting1 ,boyling1 and ,evaporating4   
,burning1 ,melting1 ,boyling1 and       
,evaporating1 are1 for the most part1   
occasioned by ,fire1 or somewhat that   
is1 in effect1 ,hot3 ,i say1 occasioned1
 by reason they are not the actions of  
,fire1 but the actions of those ,bodies 
that melts1 boyls1 evaporates1 or burns2
 which being near1 or joyned to ,fire1  
are occasioned so to do3 as for example1
 ,put several sorts of ,creatures1 or   
,things1 into a ,fire1 and they shall   
not burn alike3 for1 ,leather and ,metal
 do not burn alike2 for ,metal flows1   
and ,leather shrinks up1 and ,water     
evaporates1 and ,wood converts it self1 
as it were1 into ,fire2 which other     

things do not2 which proves1 ,that all  
,parts act their own actions4 ,for1     
though some ,corporeal motions may      
occasion other ,corporeal motions to act
 after such or such a manner2 yet1 one  
,part cannot have another ,part's       
motion1 because ,matter can neither give
 nor take motion4     ,,chap4 ,,iv4 ,of 
,,stone4   ,all ,minerals seem to be    
some kinds of ,dense and ,retentive     
motions3 but yet1 those kinds of ,dense 
and ,retentive motions1 seem to be of   
several sorts2 which is the cause of    
several sorts of ,minerals1 and of      
several sorts of ,stones and ,metals4   
,also1 every several sort1 hath several 
sorts of ,properties3 but1 in my        
opinion1 some sorts are caused by ,hot  
,contractions and ,retentions2 others1  
by ,cold ,contractions and ,retentions2 
as also1 by ,hot or ,cold ,densations3  
and the reason why ,i believe so1 is1   
,that ,i observe that many ,artificial  
,stones are produced by ,heat3 but ,ice1
 which is but in the first ,degree of a 

,cold ,density1 seems somewhat like     
transparent ,stones2 so that several    
sorts of ,stones1 are produced by       
several sorts of ,cold and ,hot         
,contractions and ,densations4          
,,chap4 ,v4 ,of the ,,loadstone4   ,as  
for the ,loadstone1 it is not more      
wonderful in attracting ,iron1 than     
,beauty1 which admirably attracts the   
,optick ,perception of ,human           
,creatures3 and who knows1 but the      
,north and ,south ,air may be the most  
proper ,air for the ,respiration of the 
,loadstone2 and1 that ,iron may be the  
most proper ,food for it4 ,but1 by      
reason there hath been so many ,learned 
,men puzled in their ,opinions          
concerning the several ,effects of the  
,loadstone1 ,i dare not venture to treat
 of the ,nature1 and ,natural ,effects  
of that ,mineral2 neither have ,i had   
much experience of it3 but ,i observe1  
,that ,iron1 and some sorts of ,stone1  
are nearly allied2 for1 there is not any
 ,iron1 but what is growing1 or is      

intermixt and united in some sorts of   
,stone1 as that which we call           
,iron-stone4 ,wherefore1 it is no wonder
 if the ,loadstone1 and ,iron1 should be
 apt to embrace one another4            
,,chap4 ,,vi4 ,of ,bodies1 apt to ascend
 or descend4   ,there are so many       
several ,causes that occasion some sorts
 of ,creatures to be apt to ascend1 and 
others to descend1 as they are neither  
known1 or can be conceived by one finite
 ,creature3 for1 it is not ,rarity or   
,density1 that causes ,levity and       
,gravity2 but1 the ,frame or ,form of a 
,creature's ,exterior ,shape1 or ,parts4
 ,as for example3 ,a ,flake of ,snow is 
as ,rare as a ,downy ,feather2 yet1 the 
,feather is apt to ascend1 and the      
,flake of ,snow to descend4 ,also ,dust1
 that is hard and dense1 is apt to      
ascend2 and ,water1 that is soft and    
rare1 is more apt to descend4 ,again1 a 
,bird1 that is both a bigger1 and a more
 dense ,creature by much1 than a small  
,worm2 yet1 a ,bird can flye up into the

 air1 when as a leight ,worm cannot     
ascend1 or flye1 having not such a sort 
of ,shape4 ,also1 a great heavy ,ship1  
as big as an ordinary ,house1 fraughted 
with ,iron1 will swim upon the face of  
the ,water2 when as a small ,bullet1 no 
bigger than a ,hasle-,nut1 will sink to 
the bottom of the ,sea4 ,a great ,bodied
 ,bird will flye up into the air2 when  
as a small ,worm lies on the earth1 with
 a slow kind of crawling1 and cannot    
ascend4 ,all which is caused by the     
manner of their ,shapes1 and not the    
matter of ,gravity and ,levity4         
,,chap4 ,,vii4 ,why ,heavy ,bodies      
descend more forcibly than ,leight      
,bodies ascend4   ,although the manner  
of the ,shape of several ,creatures1 is 
the chief cause of their ,ascent1 and   
,descent2 yet1 ,gravity and ,levity1    
doth occasion more or less ,agility3    
for1 a ,heavy ,body shall descend with  
more force1 than a ,leight ,body ascend3
 and the reason is1 not only that there 
may be more ,parts in a ,heavy ,body1   

than a ,leight2 but1 that in a ,descent1
 every ,corporeal ,motion seems to press
 upon each other2 which doubles and     
trebles the ,strength1 ,weight1 and     
,force1 as we may perceive in the       
,ascending and ,descending of the       
,flight of ,birds1 especially of ,hawks2
 of which1 the weight of the ,body is   
some hindrance to the ,ascent1 but an   
advantage to the ,descent3 but yet1 the 
,shape of the ,bird hath some advantage 
by the ,weight1 in such sort1 that the  
,weight doth not so much hinder the     
,ascent1 as it doth assist the ,descent4
      ,,chap4 ,,viii4 ,of several sorts 
of ,densities and ,rarities1 ,gravities 
and ,levities4   ,there are different   
sorts of ,densities and ,rarities1      
,softness and ,hardness1 ,levities and  
,gravities3 as for example1 ,the density
 of ,earth is not like the density of   
,stone2 nor the density of ,stone1 like 
the density of ,metal3 nor are all the  
,parts of the ,earth dense alike2 nor   
all ,stones1 nor all ,metals2 as we may 

perceive in ,clay1 ,sand1 ,chalk1 and   
,lime-,grounds4 ,also1 we may perceive  
difference between ,lead1 ,tynne1       
,copper1 ,iron1 ,silver1 and ,gold2 and 
between ,marble1 ,alablaster1           
,walling-,stone1 ,diamonds1 ,crystals1  
and the like3 and so much difference    
there is between one and the same kind1 
that some particulars of one sort1 shall
 more resemble another kind1 than their 
own3 as for example1 ,gold and ,diamonds
 resemble each other's ,nature1 more    
than ,lead doth ,gold2 or ,diamonds1    
,crystal2 ,i say1 in their ,densities4  
,also1 there is a great difference of   
the ,rarity1 ,gravity1 and ,levity of   
several sorts of ,waters1 and of several
 sorts of ,air4      ,,chap4 ,,ix4 ,of  
,,vegetables4   ,vegetables are of      
numerous sorts1 and every sort of very  
different ,natures3 as for example1     
,some are ,reviving ,cordials2 others1  
,deadly ,poyson2 some are ,purgers1     
others are ,nourishers3 some have ,hot  
,effects1 some ,cold2 some ,dry1 some   

,moist2 some bear ,fruit1 some bears no 
,fruit2 some appear all the year ,young2
 others appear but part of the year     
,young1 and part ,old2 some are many    
years a producing2 others are produced  
in few hours2 some will last many       
hundred years2 others will decay in the 
compass of few hours3 some seem to dye  
one part of the year1 and revive again  
in another part of the year3 some rot   
and consume in the ,earth1 after such a 
time2 and will continue in perfection1  
if parted from the ,earth4 ,others will 
wither and decay1 as soon as parted from
 the ,earth4 ,some are of a dense       
,nature1 some of a rare ,nature2 some   
grow deep into the ,earth2 others grow  
high out of the ,earth2 some will only  
produce in dry ,soyls1 some in moist3   
some will produce only in ,water1 as we 
may perceive by some ,ponds2 others on  
,houses of ,brick or ,stone4 ,also1 some
 grow out of ,stone2 as1 many ,stones   
will have a green ,moss3 some are       
produced by sowing their ,seed into the 

,earth2 others1 by setting their ,roots1
 or ,slips1 into the ,earth3 others     
again1 by joyning or engrafting one     
,plant into another3 so that there is   
much variety of ,vegetables1 and those  
of such different ,natures1 that they   
are not only different ,sorts1 but are  
variety of ,effects of one and the same 
sort2 and it requires not only the study
 of one ,human ,creature1 or many ,human
 ,creatures2 but1 of all the ,human     
,creatures in all ,nations and ,ages1 to
 know them2 which is the reason1 that   
those that have writ of the ,natures of 
,herbs1 ,flowers1 ,roots1 and ,fruits1  
may be much mistaken4 ,but ,i1 living   
more constantly in my ,study1 than in my
 ,garden1 shall not venture to treat    
much of the particular ,natures1 and    
,natural ,effects of ,vegetables4       
,,chap4 ,x4 ,of the ,production of      
,vegetables4   ,tis no wonder1 that some
 sorts of ,vegetables are produced out  
of ,stone or ,brick1 7as some that will 
grow on the top of ,houses7 by reason   

that ,brick is made of ,earth1 and      
,stone is generated in the ,bowels of   
the ,earth2 which shows they are of an  
,earthly ,nature or ,substance4 ,neither
 is it a wonder that ,vegetables will   
grow upon some sorts of ,water1 by      
reason some sorts of ,waters may be mixt
 with some ,parts of ,earth4 ,but1 ,i   
have been credibly informed1 ,that a    
,man whose ,legg had been cut1 and  a   
,seed of an ,oat being gotten into the  
,wound by chance1 the ,oat did sprout   
out into a green ,blade of ,grass3 which
 proves1 that ,vegetables may be        
produced in several ,soyls4 ,but 'tis   
probable1 that though many sorts of     
,vegetables may sprout1 as ,barly in    
,water2 yet1 they cannot produce any of 
the off-spring of the same ,sort or     
,kind4  ,but1 my ,thoughts are1 at this 
present1 in some dispute2 as1 ,whether  
the ,earth is a ,part of the ,production
 of ,vegetables1 as being the ,breeder8 
or1 whether the ,earth is only ,parts of
 ,respiration1 and not ,parts of        

,production2 and so1 rather             
,breathing-,parts1 than                 
,breeding-,parts1 as ,water to ,fishes8 
,but1 if so1 then every particular ,seed
 must encrease1 not only by a bare      
,transformation of their ,parts into the
 first ,form of ,production2 but1 by    
division of their united ,parts1 must   
produce many other ,societies of the    
same sort2 as ,religious ,orders1 where 
one ,convent divides into many ,convents
 of the same ,order2 which occasions a  
numerous ,encrease4 ,so the several     
,parts of one ,seed1 may divide into    
many ,seeds of the same sort1 as being  
of the same ,species2 but then1 every   
,part of that ,seed1 must be encreased  
by additional ,parts2 which must be1 by 
,nourishing ,parts3 which ,nourishing   
,parts are1 in all probability1 ,earthy 
,parts2 or1 at least1 partly of ,earthy 
,parts2 and partly1 of some of the other
 ,elemental ,parts3 but1 as ,i have     
often said1 all ,creatures in ,nature   
are ,assisted1 and do ,subsist1 by each 

other4      ,,chap4 ,,xi4 ,of           
,replanting ,vegetables4   ,replanting  
of ,vegetables1 many times1 occasions   
great ,alterations2 in so much as a     
,vegetable1 by often ,replanting1 will  
be so altered1 as to appear of another  
sort of ,vegetable3 the reason is1 that 
several sorts1 or parts of ,soyls1 may  
occasion other sorts of ,actions1 and   
,orders1 in one and the same ,society4  
,but this is to be noted in the ,lives  
of many ,animals1 ,that several sorts of
 ,food1 make great alterations in their 
,temper and ,shape2 though not to alter 
their ,species1 yet so as to cause them 
to appear worse or better3 but1 this is 
most visible amongst ,human ,creatures1 
whom some sorts of ,food will make weak1
 sick1 faint1 lean1 pale1 old1 and      
withered3 other sorts of ,food will make
 them strong1 and healthy1 fat1 fair1   
smooth1 and ruddy4 ,so some sorts of    
,soyls will cause some ,vegetables to be
 larger1 brighter1 smoother1 sweeter1   
and of more various and glorious        

,colours4      ,,chap4 ,,xii4 ,of       
,artificial ,things4   ,artificial      
,things1 are ,natural ,corporeal        
,figurative ,motions3 for1 all          
,artificial ,things are produced by     
several produced ,creatures4 ,but1 the  
differences of those ,productions we    
name ,natural and ,artificial1 are1     
,that the ,natural are produced from the
 ,producer's own ,parts2 whereas the    
,artificial are produced by composing1  
or joyning1 or mixing several ,forrein  
,parts2 and not any of the particular   
,parts of their composed ,society3 for1 
,artificial things are not produced as  
,animals1 ,vegetables1 ,minerals1 or the
 like3 but only1 they are certain seral 
,mixtures of some of the divided1 or    
dead ,parts1 as ,i may say1 of          
,minerals1 ,vegetables1 ,elements1 and  
the like4 ,but this is to be noted1     
,that all1 or at least1 most1 are but   
,copied1 and not ,originals4  ,but some 
may ask1 ,whether ,artificial           
,productions have ,sense1 ,reason1 and  

,perception8  ,i answer3 ,that if all   
the ,rational and ,sensitive ,parts of  
,nature1 are ,perceptive1 and that no   
part is without ,perception2 then all   
,artificial ,productions are            
,perceptive4     ,,chap4 ,,xiii4 ,of    
several ,kinds and ,sorts of ,species4  
,according to my ,opinion1 though the   
,species of this ,world1 and all the    
several ,kinds and ,sorts of ,species in
 this ,world1 do always continue2 yet1  
the particular ,parts of one and the    
same ,kind or sort of ,species1 do not  
continue3 for1 the particular ,parts are
 perpetually altering their ,figurative 
,actions4 ,but1 by reason some ,parts   
compose or unite1 as well as some ,parts
 dissolve or disunite2 all kinds and    
sorts of ,species1 will1 and must last  
so long as ,nature lasts4 ,but mistake  
me not1 ,i mean such kinds and sorts of 
,species as we name ,natural1 that is1  
the ,fundamental ,species2 but not such 
,species1 as we name ,artificial4       
,,chap4 ,,xiv4 ,of ,different ,,worlds4 

,tis probable if ,nature be ,infinite1  
there are several kinds and sorts of    
those ,species1 ,societies1 or          
,creatures1 we name ,worlds2 which may  
be so different from the ,frame1 ,form1 
,species1 and ,properties of this       
,world1 and the ,creatures of this      
,world1 as not to be any ways like this 
,world1 or the ,creatures in this       
,world4 ,but mistake me not1 ,i do not  
mean1 not like this ,world1 as it is    
,material and ,self-moving2 but1 not of 
the same ,species1 or ,properties3 as   
for example1 ,that they have not such   
kind of ,creatures1 or their            
,properties1 as ,light1 ,darkness1      
,heat1 ,cold1 ,dry1 ,wet1 ,soft1 ,hard1 
,leight1 ,heavy1 and the like4  ,but    
some may say1 ,that is impossible3 for1 
there can be no ,world1 but must be     
either ,light or ,dark1 ,hot or ,cold1  
,dry or ,wet1 ,soft or ,hard1 ,heavy or 
,leight2 and the like4  ,i answer1 ,that
 though those ,effects may be generally 
beneficial to most of the ,creatures in 

this ,world2 yet1 not to all the ,parts 
of the ,world3 as for example1 ,though  
,light is beneficial to the ,eyes of    
,animals2 yet1 to no other ,part of an  
,animal ,creature4 ,and1 though         
,darkness is obstructive to the ,eyes of
 ,animals2 yet1 to no other ,parts of an
 ,animal ,creature4 ,also1 ,air is no   
proper ,object for any of the ,human    
,parts1 but ,respiration4 ,so ,cold and 
,heat1 are no proper ,objects for any   
,part of a ,human ,creature1 but only   
the ,pores1 which are the ,organs of    
,touch4 ,the like may be said for ,hard 
and ,soft1 ,dry and ,wet3 and since they
 are not ,fundamental actions of        
,nature1 but ,particular1 ,i cannot     
believe1 but that there may be such     
,worlds1 or ,creatures1 as may have no  
use of ,light1 ,darkness1 and the like3 
for1 if some ,parts of this ,world need 
them not1 nor are any ways beneficial to
 them1 7as ,i formerly proved7 surely a 
whole ,world may be1 and subsist without
 them3 for these ,properties1 though    

they may be proper for the ,form or     
,species of this ,world2 yet1 they may  
be no ways proper for the ,species of   
another kind or sort of ,world3 as for  
example1 ,the ,properties of a ,human   
,creature are quite different from other
 kinds of ,creatures2 the like may be of
 different ,worlds3 but1 in all         
,material ,worlds1 there are            
,self-moving ,parts1 which is the cause 
there is self-joyning1 uniting1 and     
composing2 self dividing1 or dissolving2
 self-regularities1 and                 
self-irregularities3 also1 there is     
,perception amongst the ,parts or       
,creatures of ,nature2 and what ,worlds 
or ,creatures soever are in ,nature1    
they have ,sense and ,reason1 ,life and 
,knowledg3 but1 for ,light and          
,darkness1 ,hot and ,cold1 ,soft and    
,hard1 ,leight and ,heavy1 ,dry and     
,wet1 and the like2 they are all but    
particular actions of particular        
,corporeal ,species1 or ,creatures1     
which are finite1 and not infinite3 and 

certainly1 there may be1 in ,nature1    
other ,worlds as full of varieties1 and 
as glorious and beautiful as this       
,world2 and are1 and may be more        
glorious or beautiful1 as also1 more    
full of variety than this ,world1 and   
yet be quite different in all kinds and 
sorts1 from this ,world3 for1 this is to
 be noted1 ,that the different kinds and
 sorts of ,species1 or ,creatures1 do   
not make ,particulars more or less      
perfect1 but according to their kind4   
,and one thing ,i desire1 ,that my      
,readers would not mistake my meaning1  
when ,i say1 ,the ,parts dissolve3 for1 
,i do not mean1 that ,matter dissolves2 
but1 that their particular ,societies   
dissolve4      ,,appendix ,,to ,,the    
,,grounds ,,of ,natural ,philosophy4    
,the ,,first ,,part4     ,,chap4 ,i4    
,whether there can be a ,substance1 that
 is not a ,body4   ,what a ,substance1  
that is not ,body1 can be1 7as ,i writ  
in the ,first ,chapter of this ,book7 ,i
 cannot imagine2 nor1 that there is any 

thing between ,something and ,nothing4  
,but1 some may say1 ,that ,spiritual    
,substances are so4 ,i answer3 ,that    
,spirits must be either ,material1 or   
,immaterial3 for1 it is impossible for a
 thing to be between ,body and no ,body4
  ,others may say1 ,there may be a      
,substance1 that is not a ,natural      
,substance2 but1 some sort of ,substance
 that is far more pure than the purest  
,natural ,substance4  ,i answer3 ,were  
it never so pure1 it would be in the    
,list or ,circle of ,body3 and          
certainly1 the purest ,substance1 must  
have the ,properties of ,body1 as1 to be
 divisible1 and capable to be united and
 compounded2 and being divisible and    
compoundable1 it would have the same    
,properties that grosser ,parts have3   
but1 if there be any difference1        
certainly the purest ,substance would be
 more apt to divide and unite1 or       
compound1 than the grosser sort4 ,but1  
as to those sorts of ,substance1 which  
some ,learned ,men have imagined2 in my 

opinion1 they are but the same sort of  
,substance that the ,vulgar call1       
,thoughts1 and ,i name1 the ,rational   
,parts2 which1 questionless1 are as     
truly ,body1 as the grossest ,parts in  
,nature3 but1 most ,human ,creatures are
 so troubled with the ,thoughts of      
,dissolving1 and ,dis-uniting1 that they
 turn ,fancies and ,imaginations1 into  
,spirits1 or ,spiritual ,substances2 as 
if all the other ,parts of their        
,bodies1 should become ,rational ,parts2
 that is1 that all their ,parts should  
turn into such ,parts as ,thoughts1     
which ,i name1 the ,rational ,parts4    
,but that ,opinion is impossible3 for1  
,nature cannot alter the nature of any  
,part2 nor can any ,part alter its own  
,nature2 neither can the ,rational      
,parts be divided from the ,sensitive   
and ,inanimate ,parts1 by reason those  
,three sorts constitute but one ,body1  
as being ,parts of one ,body4 ,but1 put 
the case that the ,rational ,parts might
 divide and subsist without the         

,sensitive and ,inanimate ,parts2 yet1  
as ,i said1 they must of necessity have 
the ,properties and ,nature of a ,body1 
which is1 to be divisible1 and capable  
to be united1 and so to be ,parts3 for1 
it is impossible for a ,body1 were it   
the most pure1 to be indivisible4       
,,chap4 ,,ii4 ,of an ,,immaterial4   ,i 
,cannot conceive how an ,immaterial can 
be in ,nature3 for1 first1 ,an          
,immaterial cannot1 in my opinion1 be   
naturally created2 nor can ,i conceive  
how an ,immaterial can produce          
particular ,immaterial ,souls1 ,spirits1
 or the like4 ,wherefore1 an            
,immaterial1 in my opinion1 must be some
 uncreated ,being2 which can be no other
 than ,,god alone4 ,wherefore1 ,created 
,spirits1 and ,spiritual ,souls1 are    
some other thing than an ,immaterial3   
for surely1 if there were any other     
,immaterial ,beings1 besides the        
,omnipotent ,god1 those would be so near
 the ,divine ,essence of ,god1 as to be 
petty gods2 and numerous petty gods1    

would1 almost1 make the ,power of an    
,infinite ,god4 ,but1 ,god is           
,omnipotent1 and only ,god4     ,,chap4 
,,iii4 ,whether an ,immaterial be       
,perceivable4   ,whatsoever is          
,corporeal1 is ,perceivable2 that is1   
may be perceived in some manner or      
other1 by reason it hath a ,corporeal   
,being3 but1 what ,being an ,immaterial 
hath1 no ,corporeal can perceive4       
,wherefore1 no ,part in ,nature can     
perceive an ,immaterial1 because it is  
impossible to have a perception of that1
 which is not to be perceived1 as not   
being an ,object fit and proper for     
,corporeal ,perception4 ,in truth1 an   
,immaterial is no ,object1 because no   
,body4  ,but some may say1 that1 ,a     
,corporeal may have a ,conception1      
although not a ,perception1 of an       
,immaterial4  ,i answer1 ,that1 surely1 
there is an innate ,notion of ,god1 in  
all the ,parts of ,nature2 but not a    
perfect knowledg3 for if there was1     
there would not be so many several      

,opinions1 and ,religions1 amongst one  
,kind1 or rather1 sort of ,creatures1 as
 ,mankind1 as there are2 insomuch1 that 
there are but few of one and the same   
,opinion1 or ,religion3 but yet1 that   
,innate ,notion of ,god1 being in all   
the ,parts of ,nature1 ,god is          
infinitely and eternally worshipped and 
adored1 although after several manners  
and ways2 yet1 all manners and ways1 are
 joyned in one ,worship1 because the    
,parts of ,nature are joyned into one   
,body4     ,,chap4 ,,iv4 ,of the        
,differences between ,god1 and ,nature4 
,god is an ,eternal ,creator2 ,nature1  
his ,eternal ,creature4 ,,god1 an       
,eternal ,master3 ,nature1 ,,god's      
,eternal ,servant4 ,,god is an ,infinite
 and ,eternal ,immaterial ,being3       
,nature1 an ,infinite ,corporeal ,being4
 ,,god is ,immovable1 and ,immutable3   
,nature1 ,moving1 and ,mutable4 ,,god is
 ,eternal1 ,indivisible1 and of an      
,incompoundable ,being3 ,nature1        
,eternally ,divisible and ,compoundable4

 ,,god1 ,eternally ,perfect3 ,nature1   
,eternally ,imperfect4 ,,god1 ,eternally
 ,inalterable3 ,nature ,eternally       
,alterable4 ,,god1 without ,error3      
,nature1 full of ,irregularities4 ,,god 
knows exactly1 or perfectly1 ,nature3   
,nature doth not perfectly know ,,god4  
,,god is ,infinitely and ,eternally     
worshipped3 ,nature is the ,eternal and 
,infinite ,worshipper4     ,,chap4 ,v4  
,all the ,parts of ,nature worship ,god4
   ,all ,creatures 7as ,i have said7    
have an ,innate ,notion of ,,god2 and as
 they have a ,notion of ,god1 so they   
have a ,notion to worship ,,god3 but1 by
 reason ,nature is composed of ,parts2  
so is the ,infinite ,worship to ,god3   
and1 as several ,parts are dividing and 
uniting after several kinds1 sorts1     
manners and ways2 so is their ,worship  
to ,,god3 but1 the several manners and  
ways of ,worship1 make not the ,worship 
to ,,god less3 for certainly1 all       
,creatures ,worship and ,adore ,,god2 as
 we may perceive by the ,holy           

,scripture1 where it says1 ,let the     
,heavens1 ,earth1 and all that therein  
is1 praise ,god4 ,but 'tis probable1    
that some of the ,parts being ,creatures
 of ,nature1 may have a fuller ,notion  
of ,,god than others2 which may cause   
some ,creatures to be more ,pious and   
,devout1 than others3 but1 the          
,irregularity of ,nature1 is the cause  
of ,sin4     ,,chap4 ,,vi4 ,whether     
,,god's ,decrees are limited4   ,in my  
opinion1 though ,god is ,inalterable1   
yet no ways bounded or limited3 for1    
though ,,god's ,decrees are fixt1 yet1  
they are not bound3 but1 as ,,god hath  
an ,infinite ,knowledg1 ,he hath also an
 ,infinite ,fore-knowledg2 and so1      
fore-knows ,nature's ,actions1 and what 
,he will please to decree ,nature to do3
 so that1 ,,god knows what ,nature can  
act1 and what she will act2 as also1    
what ,he will decree3 and this is the   
cause1 that some of the ,creature's or  
,parts of ,nature1 especially ,man1 do  
believe ,predestination4 ,but surely1   

,,god hath an ,omnipotent ,divine       
,power1 which is no ways limited3 for   
,,god1 being above the nature of        
,nature1 cannot have the ,actions of    
,nature1 because ,,god cannot make      
,himself no ,,god2 neither can ,he make 
,himself more than what he is1 ,he being
 the ,all-powerful1 ,omnipotent1        
,infinite1 and ,everlasting ,being4     
,,chap4 ,,vii4 ,of ,,god's ,decrees     
concerning the particular ,parts of     
,nature4   ,though ,nature's ,parts have
 ,free-will1 of ,self-motion2 yet1 they 
have not ,free-will to oppose ,,god's   
,decrees3 for1 if some ,parts cannot    
oppose other ,parts1 being over-power'd1
 it is probable1 that the ,parts of     
,nature cannot oppose the ,all-powerful 
,decrees of ,,god4 ,but1 if it please   
the ,all-powerful ,,god to permit the   
,parts of ,nature to act as they please1
 according to their own natural ,will2  
and1 upon condition1 if they act so1    
they shall have such ,rewards as ,nature
 may be capable to receive2 or such     

,punishments as ,nature is capable of2  
then the ,omnipotent ,,god doth not     
predestinate those ,rewards1 or         
,punishments1 any otherwise than the    
,parts of ,nature do cause by their own 
,actions4 ,thus all ,corporeal ,actions1
 belong to ,corporeal ,parts2 but1 the  
,rewards and ,punishments1 to ,,god     
alone3 but1 what those ,punishments and 
,blessings are1 no particular ,creature 
is capable to know3 for1 though a       
particular ,creature knows there is a   
,,god2 yet1 not what ,,god is3 so1      
although particular ,creatures know     
there are ,rewards and ,punishments2    
yet1 not what those ,rewards and        
,punishments are4 ,but mistake me not2  
for ,i mean the general ,rewards and    
,punishments to all ,creatures3 but 'tis
 probable1 that ,,god might decree      
,nature1 and her ,parts1 to make other  
sorts of ,worlds1 besides this ,world2  
of which ,worlds1 this may be as        
ignorant1 as a particular ,human        
,creature is of ,,god4 ,and therefore1  

it is not probable 7since we cannot     
possibly know all the ,parts of ,nature1
 of which we are parts7 that we should  
know the ,decrees of ,,god1 or the      
manners and ways of ,worship1 amongst   
all kinds and sorts of ,creatures4      
,,chap4 ,,viii4 ,of the ,ten            
,commandments4   ,in my opinion1 the    
,notions ,man hath of ,,god's ,commands 
concerning their ,behaviour and ,actions
 to ,himself1 and their                 
,fellow-,creatures1 is the very same    
that ,moses writ1 and presented to all  
those of whom he was ,head and          
,governour4 ,but1 mistake me not1 ,i    
mean only the ,ten ,commandments2 which 
,commandments are a sufficient ,rule for
 all ,human ,creatures3 and certainly1  
,,god had decreed1 that ,moses should be
 a wise ,man1 and should publish these  
wise ,commands4 ,but1 the               
,interpretation of the ,law must be     
such1 as not to make it no such ,law3   
but1 by reason ,nature is as much       
,irregular1 as ,regular1 ,human ,notions

 are also ,irregular1 as much as        
,regular2 which causes great variety of 
,religions3 and their ,actions being    
also ,irregular1 is the cause that the  
practise of ,human ,creatures is        
,irregular2 and that occasions          
,irregular ,devotions1 and is the cause 
of ,,sin4     ,,chap4 ,,ix4 ,of ,several
 ,,religions4   ,concerning the several 
,religions1 and several ,opinions in    
,religions1 which are like several      
,kinds and ,sorts2 the ,question is1    
,whether all ,mankind could be perswaded
 to be of one ,religion1 or ,opinion8   
,the opinion of the ,minor part of my   
,thoughts1 was1 ,that all men might be  
perswaded4  ,and1 the opinion of the    
,major part of my ,thoughts1 was1 ,that 
,nature1 being divisible and            
compoundable1 and having ,free-will1 as 
well as ,self-motion2 and being         
,irregular1 as well as ,regular2 as     
also1 ,variable1 taking delight in      
variety2 it was impossible for all      
,mankind to be of one ,religion1 or     

,opinion4  ,the opinion of the ,minor   
part of my ,thoughts1 #bdf1 was1 ,that  
the ,grace of ,,god could perswade all  
,men to one ,opinion4  ,the ,major part 
of my ,thoughts was of opinion1 ,that   
,,god might decree or command ,nature3  
but1 to alter ,nature's nature1 could   
not be done1 unless ,,god1 by his       
,decree1 would annihilate this ,nature1 
and create another ,nature1 and such a  
,nature as was not like this ,nature3   
for1 it is the nature of this ,material 
,nature1 to be ,alterable2 as also1 to  
be ,irregular1 as well as ,regular2 and1
 being ,regular1 and ,irregular1 was a  
fit and proper ,subject for ,,god's     
,justice1 and ,mercies2 ,punishments1   
and ,rewards4     ,,chap4 ,x4 ,of ,rules
 and ,prescriptions4   ,as ,saint ,paul 
said1 ,we could not know ,sin1 but by   
the ,law2 so1 we could not know what    
,punishment we could or should suffer1  
but by the ,law2 not only ,moral1 but   
,divine ,law4  ,but1 some may ask1 ,what
 is ,law8  ,i answer3 ,law is1 ,limited 

,prescriptions and ,rules4  ,but1 some  
may ask1 ,whether all ,creatures in     
,nature1 have ,prescriptions and ,rules8
  ,i answer3 ,that1 for any thing ,man  
can know to the contrary1 all ,creatures
 may have some ,natural ,rules3 but1    
every ,creature may chuse whether they  
will follow those ,rules2 ,i mean1 such 
,rules as they are capable to follow or 
practise3 for1 several kinds and sorts  
of ,creatures1 cannot possibly follow   
one and the same ,prescription and      
,rule4 ,wherefore1 ,divine              
,prescriptions and ,rules1 must be1     
according to the sorts and kinds of     
,creatures2 and yet1 all ,creatures may 
have a ,notion1 and so an ,adoration of 
,god1 by reason all the ,parts in       
,nature1 have ,notions of ,god4 ,but1   
concerning particular ,worships1 those  
must be ,prescriptions and ,rules2 or   
else1 they are according to every       
particular ,creature's conception or    
choice4     ,,chap4 ,,xi4 ,sins and     
,punishments1 are ,material4   ,as all  

,sins are ,material1 so are             
,punishments3 for1 ,material ,creatures1
 cannot have ,immaterial ,sins2 nor can 
,material ,creatures be capable of      
,immaterial ,punishments2 which may be  
proved out of the ,sacred ,scripture3   
for1 all the ,punishments that are      
declared to be in ,hell1 are ,material  
,tortures3 nay1 ,hell it self is        
described to be ,material2 and not only 
,hell1 but ,heaven1 is described to be  
,material4 ,but1 whether ,angels1 and   
,devils1 are ,material1 that is not     
declared3 for1 though they are named    
,spirits1 yet we know not whether those 
,spirits be ,immaterial4 ,but1          
considering that ,hell and ,heaven is   
described to be  ,material1 it is       
probable1 ,spirits are also ,material3  
nay1 our blessed ,saviour ,christ1 who  
is in ,heaven1 with ,god the ,father1   
hath a ,material ,body2 and in that     
,body will come attended by all the     
,hosts of ,heaven1 to judg the quick and
 the dead2 which quick and dead1 are the

 ,material ,parts of ,nature3 which     
could not be actually judged and        
punished1 but by a ,material ,body1 as  
,christ hath4 ,but1 pray mistake me not2
 ,i say1 ,they could not be actually    
judged and punished2 that is1 not       
according to ,nature1 as ,material      
,actions3 for1 ,i do not mean here1     
,divine and ,immaterial ,decrees4 ,but  
,christ1 being partly ,divine1 and      
partly ,natural2 may be both a ,divine  
and ,natural ,judg4     ,,chap4 ,,xii4  
,of ,human ,conscience4   ,the ,human   
,notions of ,,god1 ,man calls           
,conscience3 but1 by reason that ,nature
 is full of ,varieties1 as having       
,self-moving ,parts2 ,human ,creatures  
have different ,notions1 and so         
different ,consciences1 which cause     
different ,opinions and ,devotions3 but1
 ,nature being as much compoundable as  
dividable1 it causes unity of some1 as  
also1 divisions of other ,opinions1     
which is the cause of several           
,religions3 which ,religions1 are       

several ,communities and ,divisions4    
,but1 as for ,conscience1 and holy      
,notions1 they being ,natural1 cannot be
 altered by force1 without a ,free-will3
 so that the several ,societies1 or     
,communicants1 commit an ,error1 if not 
a ,sin1 to endeavour to compel their    
,brethren to any particular ,opinion3   
and1 to prove it is an ,error1 or ,sin1 
the more earnest the ,compellers are1   
the more do the ,compelled resist2 which
 hath been the cause of many ,martyrs4  
,but surely1 all ,christians should     
follow the ,example of ,christ1 who was 
like a meek ,lamb1 not a raging ,lyon3  
neither did ,christ command his         
,apostles to ,persecute2 but1 to suffer 
,persecution patiently4 ,wherefore1     
,liberty of ,conscience may be allowed1 
conditionally1 it be no ways a prejudice
 to the ,peaceable ,government of the   
,state or ,kingdom4      ,the ,second   
,part4     ,,chap4 ,i4 ,whether it is   
possible there could be ,worlds         
consisting only of the ,rational ,parts1

 and others only of the ,sensitive      
,parts4   ,the ,parts of my ,mind did   
argue amongst themselves1 ,whether there
 might not be several kinds and sorts of
 ,worlds in ,infinite ,nature8  ,and    
they all agreed1 ,that probably there   
might be several kinds and sorts of     
,worlds4  ,but afterwards1 the ,opinion 
of the ,major parts of my ,mind1 was1   
,that it is not possible3 for1 though   
the ,rational parts of ,nature move     
free1 without ,burdens of the ,inanimate
 ,parts2 yet1 being ,parts of the same  
,body1 7viz4 of the ,body of ,nature7   
they could not be divided from the      
,sensitive and ,inanimate ,parts2 nor   
the ,sensitive and ,inanimate ,parts1   
from the ,rational4  ,the ,opinion of   
the ,minor ,parts of my ,mind1 was1     
,that a ,composed ,world1 of either     
degree1 was not a division from the     
,infinite ,body of ,nature1 though they 
might divide so much1 as to compose a   
,world meerly of their own ,degree4     
,the ,major's ,opinion was1 ,that it was

 impossible2 because the three ,degrees1
 ,rational1 ,sensitive1 and ,inanimate1 
were naturally joyned as one ,body1 or  
,part4  ,the ,minor's ,opinion was1     
,that a ,world might be naturally       
composed only of ,rational ,parts1 as a 
,human ,mind is only composed of        
,rational ,parts2 or1 as the ,rational  
,parts of a ,human ,creature1 could     
compose themselves into several ,forms1 
viz4 into several sorts and kinds of    
,worlds1 without the assistance of the  
,sensitive or the ,inanimate ,parts3    
for1 they fancy ,worlds which are       
composed in ,human ,minds1 without the  
assistance of the ,sensitive4  ,the     
,major ,part agreed1 ,that the ,rational
 ,corporeal ,actions1 were free2 and all
 their ,architectors were of their own  
,degree3 but yet1 they were so joyned in
 every ,part and ,particle1 to the      
,sensitive and ,inanimate1 as they could
 not separate from these two ,degrees3  
for1 though they could divide and unite 
from1 and to ,particulars1 as either of 

their own ,degrees1 or the other        
,degrees2 yet1 the ,three ,degrees being
 but as one united ,body1 they could not
 so divide1 as not to be joyned to the  
other ,degrees3 for1 it was impossible  
for a ,body to divide it self from it   
self4  ,after this ,argument1 there     
followed another2 ,that1 if it were     
possible there could be a ,world        
composed only of the ,rational ,parts1  
without the other two ,degrees2 ,whether
 that ,world would be a ,happy ,world8  
,the ,major ,part's ,opinion was1 ,that1
 were it possible there could be such   
unnatural ,divisions1 those divide      
,parts would be very unhappy3 for1 the  
,rational ,parts would be much          
unsatisfied without the ,sensitive2 and 
the ,sensitive very dull without the    
,rational3 also1 the ,sensitive         
,architectors would be very ,irregular1 
wanting their ,designing ,parts1 which  
are the ,rational ,parts4  ,upon which  
,argument1 all the ,parts of my ,mind   
agreed in this ,opinion1 ,that the      

,sensitive was so ,sociable to the      
,rational1 and the ,rational so         
,assisting to the ,sensitive1 and the   
,inanimate ,parts so necessary to the   
,sensitive ,architectors1 that they     
would not divide from each other1 if    
they could4      ,,chap4 ,,ii4 ,of      
,irregular and ,regular ,worlds4   ,some
 ,parts of my ,mind were of opinion1    
,that there might be a ,world composed  
only of ,irregularities2 and another1   
only of ,regularities3 and some1 that   
were partly composed of the one1 and the
 other4  ,the ,minor ,part's ,opinion   
was1 ,that all ,worlds were composed    
partly of the one1 and partly of the    
other2 because all ,nature's ,actions   
were poysed with ,opposites1 or         
,contraries3 wherefore1 there could not 
be a ,world only of ,irregularities1 and
 another of ,regularities4  ,the ,major 
,part's ,opinion1 was1 ,that ,nature's  
,actions were as much poysed by the     
contrary ,actions of ,two ,worlds1 as by
 the contrary ,actions of the ,parts of 

,one ,world1 or one ,creature3 ,as for  
example1 ,the ,peace and ,trouble1      
,health and ,sickness1 ,pain and ,ease1 
and the like1 of one ,human ,creature2  
and so of the contrary ,natures of      
several kinds and sorts of ,creatures of
 one and the same ,world4  ,after which 
,discourse1 they generally agreed1      
,there might be ,regular and ,irregular 
,worlds2 the one sort to be such happy  
,worlds1 as that they might be named    
,blessed ,worlds2 the other so miserable
 ,worlds1 as might be named ,cursed     
,worlds4  ,,chap4 ,,iii4 ,whether there 
be ,egress and ,regress between the     
,parts of several ,worlds4  ,there arose
 a ,third ,argument1 viz4 ,whether it   
was possible for some of the ,creatures 
of several ,worlds1 to remove1 so as to 
remove out of one ,world1 into another8 
,the ,major ,part's ,opinion was1 ,that 
it was possible for some ,creatures3    
for1 if some particular ,creatures could
 move all over the ,world1 of which they
 were a part1 they might divide from the

 ,parts of the ,world they were of1 and 
joyn with the ,parts of another ,world4 
,the ,minor ,part's ,opinion was1 ,that 
they might travel all over the ,world   
they were part of1 but not to joyn with 
the ,parts of another ,world1 to which  
they belong not4  ,the ,major's ,opinion
 was1 ,that every ,part and ,particle1  
belonged to the ,infinite ,body of      
,nature1 and therefore not any ,part    
could account it self not of the        
,infinite ,body2 and being so1 then     
every ,part of ,nature may joyn1 and    
divide from and to particular ,parts1 as
 they please1 if there were not         
,obstructions and ,hindrances1 and some 
,parts did not obstruct other ,parts3   
,wherefore1 if there were not           
,obstructions1 there might be ,egress   
and ,regress amongst the particular     
,parts of several ,worlds4  ,the        
,minor's ,opinion was1 ,that if it could
 be according to the ,major's ,opinion1 
it would cause an ,infinite ,confusion  
in ,infinite ,nature3 for1 every        

,creature of every ,world1 was composed 
according to the ,nature and            
,compositions of the ,world they were   
of3 wherefore1 the ,products of one kind
 or sort of ,worlds1 would not be       
sutable1 agreeable1 and ,regular1 to the
 productions of another kind4  ,the     
,major ,part's ,opinion was1 ,that it   
was impossible1 since ,nature is one    
united ,body1 without ,vacuum1 but that 
the ,parts of all ,worlds must have     
,egress and ,regress4     ,,chap4 ,,iv4 
,whether the ,parts of one and the same 
,society1 could1 after their            
,dissolution1 meet and unite4   ,the    
,fifth ,argument1 was partly of the same
 ,subject1 viz4 ,whether the particular 
,parts of a ,creature1 7such as a ,human
 ,creature is7 could travel out of one  
,world into another1 after the          
dissolution of his ,human ,life8  ,the  
,major ,part's ,opinion was1 ,that they 
could4  ,the ,minor's ,opinion was1     
,they could not2 because the particular 
,parts so divided and joyned to and from

 other particular ,parts and ,societies1
 as it was impossible1 if they would1 so
 to agree1 as to divide from those      
,parts and ,societies they are joyned   
to1 and from those they must joyn with1 
to meet in another ,world1 and joyn as  
they would1 in the same ,society they   
were of1 when the whole ,society is     
dissolved4 ,neither can ,parts divide   
and joyn1 as they would3 for1 though    
,self-moving ,parts have a ,free-will to
 move2 yet1 being subject to            
,obstructions1 they must move as they   
can3 for1 no particular ,part hath an   
absolute ,power4 ,wherefore1 the        
,dispersed ,parts of a ,dissolved       
,society1 cannot meet and joyn as they  
would4 ,besides1 every ,part is as much 
affected to one ,sort1 ,kind1 or        
,particular1 they are ,parts of1 as to  
another4 ,besides1 the ,knowledg of     
every ,part alters1 according as their  
,actions alter3 so that the ,parts of   
one and the same ,society1 after        
division1 have no more knowledg of that 

,society4     ,,chap4 ,v4 ,whether1 if a
 ,creature being ,dissolved1 and could  
,unite again1 would be the same4   ,the 
,sixth ,argument was1 ,that1 put the    
case it were possible all the several   
,parts belonging to one and the same    
,society2 as for example1 ,to one ,human
 ,creature1 after his ,human ,life was  
dissolved1 and his ,parts dispersed1 and
 afterwards1 all those ,parts meeting   
and uniting2 ,whether that ,human       
,creature would be the same8  ,the      
,minor ,part's ,opinion was1 ,that it   
could not be the same ,society3 for1    
every ,creature was according to the    
nature of their ,kind or ,sort2 and so  
according to the ,form and ,magnitude of
 one of their ,kind or ,sort4  ,the     
,major ,part's ,opinion was1 ,that      
though the ,nature of every particular  
,creature had such ,forms1 ,shapes1 and 
,properties1 as was natural to that sort
 of ,creatures they were of2 yet1 the   
,magnitude of particular ,creatures of  
one and the same sort1 might be very    

different4  ,the ,minor ,part's ,opinion
 was1 ,that if all the ,parts of one    
,society1 as for example1 a ,man1 from  
the first time of his ,production1 to   
the time of his ,dissolution1 should1   
after division1 come to meet and unite2 
that ,man1 or any other ,creature1 would
 be a ,monstrous ,creature1 as having   
more ,parts than was agreeable to the   
nature of his ,kind4  ,the ,major       
,part's ,opinion was1 ,that though the  
,society1 viz4 ,the ,,man1 would be a   
,society of greater ,magnitude2 yet1 not
 any ways different from the ,nature of 
his ,kind4     ,,chap4 ,,vi4 ,of the    
,resurrection of ,human ,kind4   ,the   
,seventh ,argument1 was1 ,whether all   
the particular ,parts of every ,human   
,creature1 at the time of the           
,resurrection1 be1 to meet and joyn1 as 
being of one and the same ,society8     
,the ,minor ,part's ,opinion was1 ,they 
shall not3 for1 if all those ,parts that
 had been of the same ,body and ,mind of
 one ,man1 from his first ,production1  

to the last of his ,dissolution2 or1    
from his ,birth1 to the time of his     
,death1 7supposing him to have liv'd    
long7 should meet and joyn1 as one      
,society1 that is1 as one ,man2 that    
,man1 at the time of his ,resurrection1 
would be a ,gyant2 and if so1 then old  
,men would be ,gyants2 and young        
,children1 ,dwarfs4  ,the ,major ,part's
 ,opinion was1 ,that1 if it was not so1 
then every particular ,human ,society   
would be imperfect at the time of their 
,resurrection3 for1 if they should only 
rise with some of their ,parts1 as 7for 
example7 when they were in the strength 
of their ,age1 then all those ,parts    
that had been either before1 or after   
that time1 would be unjustly dealt with1
 especially if ,man be the best ,product
 in ,nature4 ,besides1 if a dead ,child 
did rise a ,man1 as at his most perfect 
,age1 it could not be said1 ,he rises   
according to a ,natural ,man1 having    
more ,parts than by ,nature he ever had2
 and an old ,man1 fewer ,parts than     

naturally he hath had3 so1 what by      
,adding and ,diminishing the ,parts of  
particular ,men1 it would not cause only
 ,injustice2 but1 not any particular    
,human ,creature1 would be the same he  
was4     ,,chap4 ,,vii4 ,of the         
,dissolution of a ,world4   ,the ,eighth
 ,argument was1 ,that when all ,human   
,creatures that were dissolved1 should  
rise1 ,whether the ,world they were of1 
should not be dissolved8  ,all the      
,parts of my ,mind agreed1 ,that when   
all the ,human ,creatures that had been 
dissolved1 should rise1 the whole       
,world1 besides themselves1 must also   
dissolve1 by reason they were ,parts of 
the ,world3 for1 when all those numerous
 dissolved and dispersed ,parts1 did    
meet and joyn1 the ,world wanting those 
,parts1 could not subsist3 for1 the     
,frame1 ,form1 and ,uniformity of the   
,world1 consisted of ,parts2 and those  
,parts that have been of the ,human     
,kind1 are1 at several times1 of other  
kinds and sorts of ,creatures1 as other 

sorts and kinds are of ,human ,kind2 and
 all the ,sorts and ,kinds1 are ,parts  
of the ,world3 so that the ,world cannot
 subsist1 if any kind or sort of        
,creatures1 that had been from the first
 time of the ,creation1 should be       
united2 ,i mean1 into one and the same  
sort or kind of ,creatures2 as it would 
be1 if all those that are ,quick1 and   
those that have been ,dissolved1 7that  
is1 have been dead7 should be alive at  
one time4     ,,chap4 ,,viii4 ,of a ,new
 ,heaven1 and a ,new ,earth4   ,the     
,ninth ,argument was1 ,that if a ,world 
could be dissolved1 and that the ,human 
,creatures should rise1 and reunite2    
what ,world should they reside in8  ,all
 the ,parts of my ,thoughts generally   
agreed1 ,that the ,omnipotent ,,god     
would command the ,parts of ,his        
,servant ,,nature1 to compose other     
,worlds for them1 into which ,worlds    
they should be separated2 the ,good     
should go into a ,blessed ,world2 the   
,bad1 into a ,cursed ,world3 and the    

,sacred ,scripture declares1 ,that there
 shall be a ,new ,heaven1 and a ,new    
,earth2 which1 in their opinion1 was a  
,heaven and a ,hell1 for the ,blessed   
and ,cursed ,human ,kind of this ,world4
     ,,chap4 ,,ix4 ,whether there shall 
be a ,material ,heaven and ,hell4   ,the
 ,tenth ,argument was1 ,whether the     
,heaven and ,hell that are to be        
produced for the ,blessed and ,cursed1  
shall be ,material8  ,the ,minor ,part's
 ,opinion was1 ,that they shall not be  
,material4  ,the ,major ,parts were of  
opinion1 ,they shall be ,material1 by   
reason all those ,creatures that did    
rise1 were ,material2 and being         
,material1 could not be sensible either 
of ,immaterial ,blessings1 or           
,punishments3 neither could an          
,immaterial ,world1 be a fit or proper  
,residence for ,material ,bodies1 were  
those ,bodies of the purest ,substance4 
,but1 whether this ,material ,heaven and
 ,hell1 shall be like other ,material   
,worlds1 the ,parts of my ,mind could   

not agree1 and so not give their        
,judgment4 ,but1 in this they all       
agreed1 ,that the ,material ,heaven and 
,hell1 shall not have any other ,animal 
,creatures1 than those that were of     
,human kind1 and those not produced1 but
 raised from ,death4  ,but when they    
came to argue1 ,whether there might be  
,elements1 ,minerals1 and ,vegetables1  
they could not agree2 but some did      
argue1 and offer to make proof1 ,that   
there might be ,mynes of ,gold1 and     
,rocks of ,diamonds1 ,rubies1 and the   
like2 all which1 were ,minerals4 ,also1 
some were of opinion1 there were        
,elements3 for1 ,darkness and ,light1   
are ,elemental ,effects3 and1 if ,hell  
was a ,world of ,darkness2 and ,heaven1 
a ,world of ,light2 it was probable     
there were ,elements4      ,,chap4 ,x4  
,concerning the ,ioys or ,torments of   
the ,blessed and ,cursed1 after they are
 in ,heaven1 or ,hell4   ,as for the    
,ioys of ,heaven1 and the ,torments of  
,hell1 all the ,parts of my ,mind       

agreed1 they could not conceive any more
 probably1 than those they had formerly 
conceived3 which former ,conceptions    
they had occasioned the ,sensitive      
,parts to declare2 and having been      
formerly divulged in the ,book of my    
,orations1 their ,opinion was1 ,that it 
would be a superfluous ,work to cause   
them to be repeated in this ,book4 ,but1
 the ,ground or ,foundation of those    
,conceptions1 is1 ,that ,god may decree1
 ,that both the ,sensitive and ,rational
 ,parts of those that are restored to   
,life1 should move in variety of        
,perceptions1 or ,conceptions1 without  
variety of ,objects3 and1 that those    
,creatures 7viz4 ,human ,creatures7 that
 are raised from ,death to ,life1 should
 subsist without any ,forrein ,matter1  
but should be always the same in ,body  
and ,mind1 without any ,traffick1       
,egress1 or ,regress of ,forrein ,parts4
 ,and the proof1 that the ,sensitive and
 ,rational ,parts of ,human ,creatures1 
may make ,perceptions1 or rather        

,conceptions1 without ,forrein ,objects1
 is1 ,that many men in this world have  
had ,conceptions1 both amongst the      
,rational and ,sensitive1 which ,man    
names ,visions1 or ,imaginations2       
whereof some have been ,pleasing and    
,delightful2 others1 ,displeasing1 and  
,dreadful4      ,the ,third ,part4      
,the ,,preamble4   ,the ,parts of my    
,mind1 after some time of respite from  
,philosophical ,arguments1 delighting in
 such harmless ,pastimes2 did begin to  
argue about a ,regular and ,irregular   
,world2 having formerly agreed1 there   
might be such ,worlds in ,nature2 and   
that the ,regular ,worlds1 were ,happy  
,worlds2 the ,irregular1 ,miserable     
,worlds4 ,but1 there was some division  
amongst the ,parts of my ,mind1         
concerning the choice of their          
,arguments2 as1 ,whether to argue1      
first1 of the particular ,parts of the  
,regular1 or of the ,irregular ,world4  
,but1 at last1 they agreed to argue1    
first1 of the ,regular ,world4 ,but1    

pray mistake not these ,arguments2 for  
they are not ,arguments of such ,worlds 
as are for the reception of the ,blessed
 and ,cursed ,humans1 after their       
,resurrections3 but1 such as these      
,worlds we are of1 only freely ,regular1
 or ,irregular4 ,also1 though ,i treat  
but only of one ,regular ,world1 and one
 ,irregular ,world2 yet1 my opinion is1 
there may be a great many ,irregular    
,worlds1 and a great many ,regular      
,worlds1 of several kinds and sorts3    
but1 these ,i shall treat of1 are such  
as are somewhat like this ,world we are 
of4     ,,chap4 ,i4 ,of the ,happy and  
,miserable ,worlds4   ,the ,first       
,argument was1 ,whether there might not 
be such ,worlds in ,nature1 as were in  
no kind or sort like this ,world we are 
of8  ,they all agreed1 ,that it was     
probable there was4  ,the ,second       
,argument was1 ,whether it was probable 
that the ,happy and ,miserable ,worlds  
were1 in any kind1 like this we are of4 
,they all agreed1 ,it was probable that 

this ,world was somewhat like both one1 
and the other2 and so1 both those were  
somewhat like this3 for1 as the ,happy  
,world was no ways ,irregular2 and the  
,miserable ,world no ways ,regular3 so  
this ,world we are of1 was partly       
,irregular1 and partly ,regular2 and so 
it was a ,purgatory ,world4      ,,chap4
 ,,ii4 ,whether there be such kinds and 
sorts of ,creatures in the ,happy and   
,blessed ,world1 as in this ,world4     
,the ,third ,argument was1 ,whether it  
was probable1 the ,happy and ,miserable 
,worlds1 had ,animal1 ,vegetable1       
,mineral1 and ,elemental ,kinds8  ,they 
agreed1 ,it was probable there were such
 ,kinds3 but yet1 those ,kinds1 and     
particular sorts of those ,kinds1 might 
be different from those of this ,world4 
,the ,fourth ,argument was1 ,whether    
there was ,human sorts of ,creatures in 
those ,worlds4  ,they all agreed1 ,there
 was4     ,,chap4 ,,iii4 ,of the ,births
 and ,deaths of the ,heavenly ,world4   
,the ,fifth ,argument was1 ,whether     

there could be ,births and ,deaths in   
the ,happy ,world8  ,some ,parts of my  
,mind were of opinion1 ,that if there   
was so ,regular a ,world1 as that there 
were no ,irregularities in it1 there    
could not be ,deaths3 for1 ,death was a 
,dissolution2 and if there was no       
,death1 there could be no ,birth1 or    
,production3 for1 if any particular sort
 of ,creatures should ,encrease1 and    
never dissolve1 they would become       
,infinite2 which every particular kind  
or sort of ,creatures1 may be1 for time1
 and be ,eternal2 as also1 be ,infinite 
for ,number2 because1 as some dissolve1 
others are produced4 ,and so1 if        
particular sorts or kinds of ,creatures1
 be ,eternal2 the particular ,production
 and ,dissolution1 is ,infinite3 but1 if
 any ,sort1 or ,kind1 should encrease1  
without decrease1 not any particular    
,world could contain them3 ,as for      
example1 ,if all the ,human ,creatures  
that have been produced from our ,father
 ,adam1 7which hath not been above ,six 

thousand years7 should be alive1 this   
,world could not contain them2 much     
less1 if this ,world1 and the ,human    
sorts of ,creatures1 had been of a      
longer date4 ,and besides1 if there     
should be a greater ,encrease1 by the   
,number of ,human ,creatures3 in truth1 
the numerous ,encrease1 would have      
caused ,mankind1 in the space of ,six   
thousand years1 to be almost ,infinite4 
,but1 the ,minor ,parts of my ,mind was 
of opinion1 ,that then the ,happy ,world
 could not be so perfectly ,regular1 if 
there was ,death4  ,the ,major ,part's  
opinion was1 ,that some sorts of ,deaths
 were as regular1 as the most ,regular  
,births3 for1 though ,diseases were     
caused by ,irregular ,actions1 yet1     
,death was not3 for1 as it is not       
,irregular1 to be old2 so it is not     
,irregular1 to dye4 ,but1 this ,argument
 broke off for that time4     ,,chap4   
,,iv4 ,whether those ,creatures could be
 named ,blessed1 that are subject to    
dye4   ,the ,sixth ,argument was1       

,whether those ,creatures could be      
called ,blessed1 or ,happy1 that are    
subject to dye8  ,the ,major ,parts of  
my ,mind was of opinion1 ,that1 if      
,death was as free from ,irregularities1
 as ,birth2 then it was as happy to     
,dye1 as to be ,born4  ,the ,minor      
,parts were of opinion1 ,that though    
,dissolution might be as ,regular as    
,composition2 yet1 it was an            
,unhappiness for every particular       
,society1 to be dissolved4  ,the ,major 
,part's ,opinion1 was1 ,that though the 
particular ,societies were dissolved2   
yet1 by reason the general ,society of  
the ,kind1 did continue1 it was not so  
much ,unhappiness2 considering1         
particular ,parts1 or ,creatures1 did   
make the ,general ,society2 and not1 the
 ,general1 the ,particular ,societies3  
so that1 the ,parts of the ,particulars1
 remained in the ,general1 as in the    
,kind of ,sort4  ,the ,minor ,parts were
 of opinion1 ,that the ,particulars of  
the same ,kind or ,sort1 7as ,mankind7  

did contribute but little to the        
,general3 for1 other sorts of ,creatures
 did contribute more than they2 only    
,mankind was the ,occasion1 or          
,contributor of the ,first ,foundation1 
but no more3 but1 the other ,parts or   
,creatures of the ,world1 did contribute
 more to their ,kind1 than the          
,creatures of the same ,kind did3 and1  
as other ,kinds1 and ,sorts1 did        
contribute to ,mankind2 so ,mankind1 to 
other ,kinds or ,sorts3 for1 all ,kinds 
and ,sorts1 did contribute to the       
,subsistance and ,assistance of each    
other4  ,the ,major ,part's ,opinion    
was1 ,that if all the ,parts of a ,world
 did assist each other1 then ,death     
could be no ,unhappiness1 especially in 
the ,regular ,world2 by reason all      
,creatures in that ,world1 of what ,kind
 or ,sort soever1 was ,perfect and      
,regular3 so that1 though the particular
 ,human ,creatures did dissolve from    
being ,humans2 yet1 their ,parts could  
not be ,unhappy1 when they did unite    

into other ,kinds1 and ,sorts1 or       
particular ,societies3 for1 those other 
sorts and kinds of ,creatures1 might be 
as happy as ,human ,creatures4          
,,chap4 ,v4 ,of the ,productions of the 
,creatures of the ,regular ,world4      
,the ,seventh ,argument was1 of         
,productions of the ,creatures of the   
,regular ,world1 viz4 ,whether their    
,productions were frequent1 or not8     
,the ,minor ,part's ,opinion1 was1 ,that
 they were frequent4  ,the ,major       
,part's ,opinion1 was1 ,that they were  
not frequent1 or numerous1 by reason the
 ,world was ,regular1 and so all the    
,productions or ,generations1 were      
,regular2 but could not exceed such a   
,number as was1 regularly1 sufficient   
for a ,world1 of such a ,dimension as   
the ,regular ,world2 and according to   
the ,dimensions1 must the ,society or   
,creatures be1 let them be large or     
little4     ,,chap4 ,,vi4 ,whether the  
,creatures in the ,blessed ,world1 do   
,feed1 and ,evacuate4   ,the ,eighth    

,argument1 was1 ,whether the ,blessed   
,humans1 in the ,happy ,world1 did ,eat1
 and ,evacuate8  ,they agreed1 ,that1 if
 they did feed1 they must evacuate4     
,then there was a ,dispute1 ,whether    
those ,happy ,creatures did eat8  ,they 
all agreed1 ,that1 if they were ,natural
 ,human ,creatures1 they had ,natural   
,appetites3 but1 by reason there were no
 ,irregularities in this ,world1 the    
,human ,creatures had not any ,irregular
 ,appetites1 nor ,irregular ,digestions2
 ,irregular ,passions1 or ,irregular    
,pastimes4  ,then there arose a         
,dispute1 ,whether those ,blessed       
,creatures did sleep8  ,some were of    
opinion1 ,they did not sleep3 for1      
,sleep was occasioned through a         
weariness of the ,sensitive ,organs1    
making perceptions of ,forrein ,objects2
 and all ,weariness1 or ,tiredness1 was 
,irregular4  ,the ,major part of my     
,mind1 was of a contrary ,opinion2      
because the delight of ,nature1 is in   
,variety3 and therefore1 ,regular       

,sleeps were delightful4  ,the ,minor   
was of opinion1 ,that ,sleep was like   
,death1 and therefore it could not be   
,happy4  ,but1 at last1 they did        
conclude1 ,that ,sleep1 being a soft and
 quiet ,repose1 7as being retired from  
all ,actions concerning ,forrein ,parts1
 and had only ,actions at ,home1 and of 
private ,affairs2 and that all the      
,parts of ,body and ,mind1 were then    
most sociable amongst themselves7 that  
the ,blessed ,humans did sleep4         
,,chap4 ,,vii4 ,of the ,animals1 and of 
the ,food of the ,humans of the ,happy  
,world4   ,the ,ninth ,argument1 was1   
,whether there were all sorts of        
,animals in the ,regular ,world8 ,all   
the ,parts of my ,mind agreed1 ,that if 
there were such ,creatures as ,human    
,creatures1 it was probable there was   
other ,animal ,creatures3 but1 by reason
 there was no ,irregularities1 there    
could not be ,cruel or ,ravenous ,animal
 ,creatures3 for1 a ,lyon1 ,leopard1 or 
,wolf1 in that ,world1 would be as      

harmless as a ,sheep in this2 and all   
,kites1 ,hawks1 and the like ravenous   
,birds1 would be as harmless as those   
,birds that only feed on the ,berries1  
and ,fruit of the ,earth4     ,,chap4   
,,viii4 ,whether it is not ,irregular1  
for one ,creature to feed on another4   
,the ,tenth ,argument was1 ,whether it  
was not ,irregular1 for one ,creature to
 feed on another8  ,some were of        
opinion1 ,that it was natural for one   
,creature to subsist by another1 and to 
assist each other2 but not cruelly to   
destroy each other4  ,upon this         
,argument1 the ,parts of my ,mind       
divided into a ,minor and a ,major part4
  ,the ,minor ,part's opinion1 was1     
,that1 since all the ,creatures in      
,nature1 had ,life2 then1 all ,creatures
 that did feed1 did destroy each other's
 ,life4  ,the ,major ,part's ,opinion1  
was1 ,that they might be assisted by the
 ,lives of other ,creatures1 and not    
destroy their ,lives3 for1 ,life could  
not be destroyed1 though ,lives might be

 occasionally alter'd3 but1 some        
,creatures may assist other ,creatures1 
without destruction or dissolution of   
their ,society3 as for example1 ,the    
,fruits and ,leaves of ,vegetables1 are 
but the ,humorous ,parts of ,vegetables1
 because they are divisible1 and can    
encrease and decrease1 without any      
dissolution of their ,society2 that is1 
without the dissolution of the ,plant4  
,also1 ,milk of ,animals1 is a          
superfluous ,humor of ,animals3 and1 to 
prove it to be a superfluous ,humor1 ,i 
alledg1 ,that much of it oppresses an   
,animal4 ,the same ,i say of the ,fruits
 and ,leaves of many sorts of ,vegetable
 ,creatures4 ,besides1 it is natural for
 such sorts of ,creatures to have their 
,fruits and ,leaves to divide from the  
,stock4  ,the ,minor ,part's ,opinion1  
was1 ,that the ,milk of ,animals1 and   
the ,fruits of ,vegetables1 and the     
,herbs of the ,earth1 had as much ,life 
as their ,producers4  ,the ,major       
,part's ,opinion1 was1 ,that though they

 had as much ,life as their ,producers2 
yet1 it was natural for such off-springs
 to change and alter their ,lives1 by   
being united to other sorts of          
,creatures3 as for example1 ,an ,animal 
eats ,fruit and ,herbs2 and those       
,fruits and ,herbs convert themselves   
into the nature of those ,animals that  
feed of them4 ,the same is of ,milk1    
,eggs1 and the like2 out of which1 a    
condition of ,life is endeavoured for3  
and1 for proof1 such sorts of ,creatures
 account an ,animal ,life the best2 and 
therefore1 all such superfluous ,parts  
of ,creatures1 endeavour to unite into  
an ,animal ,society2 as we may perceive1
 that ,fruits and ,herbs1 are apt to    
turn into ,worms1 and ,flies2 and some  
,parts of ,milk1 as ,cheese1 will turn  
into ,maggots2 so that when ,animals    
feed of such ,meats1 they occasion those
 ,parts they feed on1 to a more easie   
,transformation2 and not only such      
,creatures1 but ,humans also1 desire a  
better ,change3 for1 what ,human would  

not be a glorious ,sun1 or ,starr8      
,after which ,discourse1 all the ,parts 
of my ,mind agreed unanimously1 ,that   
,animals1 and so ,human ,creatures1     
might feed on such sorts of ,food1 as   
aforesaid2 but not on such ,food as is  
an united ,society3 for1 the ,root and  
,foundation of any kind and sort of     
,creature1 ought not to be destroyed4   
,,chap4 ,,ix4 ,of the ,continuance of   
,life in the ,regular ,world4   ,the    
,opinion of the ,parts of my ,mind1 was1
 ,that1 it was probable1 that all       
,societies in the ,regular ,world1 7that
 is1 all such ,parts of ,nature as are  
united into particular ,creatures7 are  
of long life1 by reason there are no    
,irregularities to destroy them1 before 
their natural time4  ,but then a        
,dispute was raised amongst the ,parts  
of my ,mind1 concerning the natural     
time1 that is1 the proper time of the   
,lives of those ,creatures3 for1 all    
,creatures were not of the same time of 
,production2 nor1 after their           

,production1 of the same time of        
,continuance4 ,but the ,parts of my     
,mind concluded1 ,that though they could
 not judg by observation of any         
,creature1 no1 not of their own ,sort2  
yet1 they did  believe they could judg  
better of ,human ,creatures1 as being1  
at that time1 of a ,human ,society1 than
 of any other3 but1 by reason they were 
of this ,world 7that is1 ,irregular in  
part7 they did believe they might very  
much err in their ,judgment1 concerning 
the continuance of ,human ,lives1 in the
 ,happy ,world4 ,but1 after much debate1
 they concluded1 ,that a ,human         
,creature1 in the ,regular ,world1 might
 last as long as the ,productions did   
not oppress or burden that ,world1 7for 
that would be irregular7 but how long a 
time that might be1 they could not      
possibly conceive or imagine4           
,,chap4 ,,ix4 ,of the ,excellency and   
,happiness of the ,creatures of the     
,regular ,world4   ,the ,parts of my    
,mind could not possibly1 being ,parts  

of a ,purgatory ,world1 conceive the    
happy condition of all ,creatures in the
 ,regular ,world2 but only1 conceiving  
there was no ,irregularities1 they did  
also conceive1 that all ,creatures      
there1 must be in perfection2 and that  
the ,elemental ,creatures were purer1   
without drossie mixtures2 so that their 
,earth must needs be so fruitful1 that  
it produces all sorts of excellent      
,vegetables1 without the help of ,art2  
and their ,minerals as pure1 as all     
sorts of ,stone that are transparent1   
and as hard as ,diamonds2 the ,gold and 
,silver1 more pure than that which is   
refined in our ,world4 ,the truth is1   
that1 in their ,opinions1 the meanest   
sorts of ,metal in the ,regular ,world1 
were more pure than the richest sort in 
this ,world3 so that then1 their richest
 ,metal must be as far beyond ours1 as  
our ,gold is beyond our ,iron1 or ,lead4
 ,as for the ,elemental ,waters in the  
,regular ,world1 they must be           
extraordinary smooth1 clear1 flowing1   

fresh1 and sweet2 and the ,elemental    
,air only1 a most pure1 clear1 and      
glorious ,light2 so that there could be 
no need of a ,sun3 and1 by reason all   
the ,air was a ,light1 there could be no
 ,darkness2 and so1 no need of a ,moon1 
or ,starrs4 ,the ,elemental ,fire1      
although it was ,hot1 yet it was not    
,burning4 ,also1 there could neither be 
scorching ,heats1 nor freezing ,colds1  
,storms1 nor ,tempest3 for1 all ,excess 
is irregular4 ,neither could there be   
,clouds1 because no ,vapours4 ,but1 not 
to be tedious2 it was my ,mind's        
,opinion1 ,that all the ,parts of the   
,happy ,world1 being ,regular1 they     
could not obstruct each other's ,designs
 or ,actions2 which might be a cause1   
that both the ,sensitive and ,rational  
,parts may not only make their          
,societies more curious1 and their      
,perceptions more perfect2 but their    
,perceptions more subtile3 for1 all the 
actions of that ,world being ,regular1  
must needs be exact and perfect2 in so  

much1 that every ,creature is a perfect 
,object to each other2 and so every     
,creature must have1 in some sort1 a    
perfect ,knowledg of each other4        
,,chap4 ,,xi4 ,of ,human ,creatures in  
the ,regular ,world4   ,the ,opinion of 
my ,mind1 was1 ,that the ,happy ,world1 
having no ,irregularities1 all          
,creatures must needs be ,excellent1 and
 most ,perfect1 according to their ,kind
 and ,sort2 amongst which1 are ,human   
,creatures1 whose ,kinds1 or ,sorts1    
being of the ,best1 must be more        
excellent than the rest1 being ,exactly 
formed1 and ,beautifully produced3 there
 being1 also1 no ,irregularities1 ,human
 ,creatures cannot be subject to ,pains1
 ,sickness1 ,aversions1 or the like2 or1
 to ,trepidations1 or ,troubles2 neither
 can their ,appetites1 or ,passions1 be 
irregular3 wherefore1 their             
,understanding is more clear1 their     
,judgments more poysed3 and by reason   
their ,food is ,pure1 it must be        
,delicious1 as being most tastable3     

also1 it must be wholsome1 and          
nourishing2 which occasions the ,parts  
of ,body and ,mind1 to be more ,lively  
and ,pleasant4     ,,chap4 ,,xii4 ,of   
the ,happiness of ,human ,creatures in  
the ,material ,world4   ,the ,happiness 
that ,human ,creatures have in the      
,regular ,world1 is1 ,that they are free
 from any kind or sort of ,disturbance1 
by reason there are  no ,irregular      
,actions2 and so1 no ,pride1 ,ambition1 
,faction1 ,malice1 ,envy1 ,suspition1   
,jealousie1 ,spight1 ,anger1            
,covetousness1 ,hatred1 or the like2 all
 which1 are ,irregular ,actions among   
the ,rational ,parts3 which occasions   
,treachery1 ,slander1 false             
,accusations1 ,quarrels1 ,divisions1    
,warr1 and ,destruction2 which proceeds 
from the ,irregularities of the         
,sensitive ,parts1 occasioned by the    
,rational1 by reason the ,sense executes
 the ,mind's ,designs3 but1 there are no
 ,plots or ,intrigues1 neither in their 
,state1 nor upon their ,stage2 because1 

though they may act the parts of        
,harmless ,pleasures2 yet1 not of       
,deceitful ,designs3 for1 all ,human    
,creatures1 live in the ,regular ,world1
 so united1 that all the particular     
,human ,societies1 7which are particular
 ,human ,creatures7 live as if they were
 but one ,soul1 and ,body2 that is1 as  
if they were but one ,part1 or          
particular ,creature4 ,as for their     
pleasures1 and pleasant ,pastimes2 in my
 opinion1 they are such1 as not any     
,creature can express1 unless they were 
of that ,world1 or ,heaven3 for1 all    
kinds and sorts of ,creatures1 and all  
their ,properties or ,associations1 in  
this ,world we are of1 are mixt2 as1    
partly ,irregular2 and partly1 ,regular2
 and so it is but a ,purgatory-,world4  
,but surely1 all ,human ,creatures of   
that ,world1 are so pleasant and        
delightful to each other1 as to cause a 
general ,happiness4      ,the ,fourth   
,part4     ,,chap4 ,i4 ,of the          
,irregular ,world4   ,after the         

,arguments and ,opinions amongst the    
,parts of my ,mind1 concerning a        
,regular ,world2 their ,discourse was1  
of an ,irregular ,world3 ,upon which    
they all agreed1 ,that if there was a   
,world that was not in any kind or sort1
 ,irregular2 there must be a ,world that
 was not in any kind or sort1 ,regular4 
,but1 to conceive those ,irregularities 
that are in the ,irregular ,world1 is   
impossible2 much less1 to express them3 
for1 it is more difficult to express    
,irregularities1 than ,regularities3 and
 what ,human ,creature of this ,world1  
can express a particular ,confusion1    
much less a ,world of ,confusions8      
,which ,i will1 however1 endeavour to   
declare1 according to the ,philosophical
 ,opinions of the ,parts of my ,mind4   
,,chap4 ,,ii4 ,of the ,productions and  
,dissolutions of the ,creatures of the  
,irregular ,world4   ,according to the  
,actions of ,nature1 all ,creatures are 
produced by the ,associations of ,parts1
 into particular ,societies1 which we   

name1 ,particular ,creatures3 but1 the  
,productions of the ,parts of the       
,irregular ,world1 are so ,irregular1   
that all ,creatures of that ,world are  
,monstrous3 neither can there be any    
orderly or distinct kinds and sorts2 by 
reason that ,order and ,distinction1 are
 ,regularities4 ,wherefore1 every       
particular ,creature of that ,world1    
hath a monstrous and different ,form2   
insomuch1 that all the several          
,particulars are affrighted at the      
,perception of each other3 yet1 being   
,parts of ,nature1 they must associate2 
but1 their ,associations are after a    
confused and perturbed manner1 much     
after the manner of ,whirlwinds1 or     
,aetherial ,globes1 wherein can neither 
be ,order1 nor ,method3 and1 after the  
same manner as they are produced1 so are
 they dissolved3 so that1 their ,births 
and ,deaths are ,storms1 and their      
,lives are ,torments4     ,,chap4 ,,iii4
 ,of ,animals1 and of ,humans1 in the   
,irregular ,world4   ,it has been       

declared in the former ,chapter1 ,that  
there was not any perfect ,kind or ,sort
 of ,creatures in the ,irregular ,world3
 for1 though there be such ,creatures as
 we name ,animals2 and amongst ,animals1
 ,humans3 yet1 they are so ,monstrous1  
that1 being of confused ,shapes1 or     
,forms1 none of those ,animal ,creatures
 can be said to be of such1 or such a   
sort2 because they are of different     
disordered ,forms4 ,also1 they cannot be
 said to be of a perfect ,animal-kind1  
or any ,kind2 by reason of the variety  
of their ,forms3 for1 those that are of 
the nature of ,animals1 especially of   
,humans1 are the most miserable and     
unhappy of all the ,creatures of that   
,world2 and the ,misery is1 ,that ,death
 doth not help them3 for1 ,nature being 
a perpetual ,motion1 there is no rest   
either alive or dead4 ,in this ,world1  
it's true1 some ,societies 7viz4 some   
,creatures7 may1 sometimes1 after their 
,dissolutions1 be united into more      
,happy ,societies1 or ,forms2 which1 in 

the ,irregular ,world1 is impossible2   
because all ,forms1 ,creatures1 or      
,societies1 are miserable3 so that1     
after dissolution1 those dispersed      
,parts cannot joyn to any other         
,society1 but what is as bad as the     
former2 and so those ,creatures may     
dissolve out of one ,misery1 and unite  
into another2 but cannot be released    
from ,misery4 ,page #bhd     ,,chap4    
,,iv4 ,of ,objects1 and ,perceptions4   
,the ,opinions amongst the ,parts of my 
,mind1 were1 ,that in the ,unhappy1 or  
,miserable ,world1 all the actions of   
that ,world1 being irregular1 it must   
needs be1 that all sorts of ,perceptions
 of that ,world1 must also be irregular3
 not only because the ,objects are all  
irregular2 but1 the perceptive actions  
are so too2 in such manner1 that1 what  
with the irregularity of the ,objects1  
and the irregularity of the             
,perceptions1 it must1 of necessity1    
cause a horrid confusion1 both of the   
,sensitive and ,rational ,parts of all  

,creatures of that ,world1 in so much1  
that not only several ,creatures may    
appear as several ,devils to each other2
 but1 one and the same ,creature may    
appear1 both to the ,sense and ,reason1 
like several ,devils1 at several times4 
,,chap4 ,v4 ,the ,description of the    
,globe of the ,irregular ,world4   ,the 
,opinion of my ,mind was1 ,that the     
,globe of the ,irregular ,world was so  
irregular1 that it was a ,horrid ,world3
 for though1 being a ,world1 it might be
 somewhat like other ,worlds1 both      
,globous1 and a ,society of it self1 by 
its own ,parts2 and therefore  might    
have that which we name ,earth1 ,air1   
,water1 and ,fire3 but1 for ,sun-light1 
,moon-light1 ,starr-light1 and the like1
 they are not parts of the ,world they  
appear to2 and are ,worlds of           
themselves4 ,but1 there can be no such  
,appearances in the ,irregular ,world3  
for1 the ,irregularities do obstruct all
 such ,appearances2 and the ,elemental  
,parts 7if ,i may name them so7 are as  

irregular1 and therefore as horrid as   
can be3 so that it is probable1 that the
 ,elemental ,fire is not a bright       
shining ,fire1 but a dull1 dead ,fire1  
which hath the ,effects of a strong     
,corrosive ,fire1 which never actually  
,heats1 but actually ,burns2 so that    
some ,creatures may both freeze and burn
 at once4 ,as for the ,earth of that    
,world1 it is probable that it is like  
corrupted ,sores1 by reason all         
,corruptions are produced by ,irregular 
,motions2 from which ,corruptions1 may  
proceed such stinking ,foggs1 as may be 
as far beyond the scent of ,brimstone1  
or any the worst of ,scents that are in 
this ,world1 as ,spanish or ,roman      
,perfumes1 or ,essences1 are beyond the 
scent of ,carion1 or ,assafoetida2 which
 causes all ,creatures 7of ,airy        
,substances7 that breathe1 to be so     
infected1 as to appear like ,poysoned   
,bodies4 ,as for their ,elemental       
,water1 'tis probable1 that it is as    
black as ,ink1 as bitter as ,gaul1 as   

sharp as ,aquafortis1 and as ,salt as   
,brine1 mixt irregularly together1 by   
reason the ,waters there1 must needs be 
very troubled ,waters4 ,as for the      
,elemental ,air1 ,i shall declare the   
,opinion of my ,rational ,parts1 in the 
following ,chapter4     ,,chap4 ,,vi4   
,of the ,elemental ,air1 and ,light of  
the ,irregular ,,world4   ',tis         
probable1 that the ,elemental ,air of   
the ,irregular ,world1 is neither       
perfectly ,dark1 nor perfectly ,light2  
for1 either would be1 in some part or   
kind1 a ,perfection or ,regularity3 but1
 being irregular1 it must be a perturbed
 ,air2 and1 being perturbed1 it is      
probable it produces several ,colours4  
,but1 mistake me not1 ,i do not mean    
such ,colours as are made by perturbed  
,light2 but1 such as are made by        
perturbed ,air3 and1 through the ,excess
 of ,irregularities1 may be ,horrid     
,colours2 and1 by reason of the         
,aetherial whirling ,motions1 which are 
,circular ,motions1 the ,air may be of  

the colour of ,blood1 a very horrid     
,colour to some sorts of ,creatures3 but
 'tis probable1 this ,bloody ,colour is 
not of a pure ,bloody ,colour1 but of a 
corrupted ,bloody ,colour3 and so the   
,light of the ,irregular ,world1 may1   
probably1 be of a corrupt ,bloody       
,colour3 but1 by the several ,irregular 
,motions1 it may be1 at several times1  
of several corrupted ,bloody ,colours3  
and by reason there are no intermissions
 of ,air1 there can be no intermissions 
of this ,light1 in the ,irregular       
,world4 ,page #bhg     ,,chap4 ,,vii4   
,of ,storms1 and ,tempests1 in the      
,irregular ,world4   ,as for ,storms1   
and ,tempests1 and such irregular       
,weather1 'tis probable there are       
continual ,winds and ,thunders1 caused  
by the disturbance of the ,air2 and     
those ,storms and ,tempests1 being      
irregular1 must needs be violent1 and   
therefore very horrid4 ,there may also  
be ,lightnings1 but they are not such as
 those that are of a fiery colour2 but  

such as are like the colour of ,fire and
 ,blood mixt together4 ,as for ,rain1   
being occasioned by the ,vapours from   
the ,earth and ,waters1 it is according 
as those ,vapours gather into ,clouds3  
but1 when there is ,thunder1 it must    
needs be violent4     ,,chap4 ,,viii4   
,of the several ,seasons1 or rather1 of 
the several ,tempers in the ,irregular  
,world4   ,as for several ,seasons2     
there can be no constant ,season1       
because there is no ,regularity2 but    
rather1 a great ,irregularity1 and      
,violence1 in all ,tempers and ,seasons2
 for there is no mean ,degree3 and      
surely1 their ,freezing is as sharp and 
corroding1 as their                     
,corrosive-,burnings2 and it is         
probable1 that the ,ice and ,snow in    
that world1 are not as in this world1   
viz4 the ,ice to be clear1 and the ,snow
 white2 because there the water is a    
troubled1 and black water2 so that the  
,snow is black1 and the ,ice also black2
 not clear1 or like black polished      

,marble2 but 'tis probable1 that the    
,snow is like black ,wool2 and the ,ice1
 like unpolished black ,stone2 not for  
,solidity1 but for ,colour and          
,roughness4     ,,chap4 ,,ix4 ,the      
,conclusion of the ,irregular and       
,unhappy or ,cursed ,world4   ,i have   
declared in my former ,chapter1         
concerning the ,irregular ,world1 ,that 
there could not be any exact1 or perfect
 kind or sort1 because of the           
,irregularities2 not that there is not  
,animal1 ,vegetable1 ,mineral1 and      
,elemental ,actions1 and so not such    
,creatures2 but1 by reason of the       
,irregularities1 they are strangely mixt
 and disordered1 so that every          
,particular seems to be of a different  
,kind1 or sort1 being not any ways like 
each other2 and yet1 may have the nature
 of such ,kinds1 and ,sorts1 by reason  
they are ,natural ,creatures1 although  
irregularly ,natural3 but1 those        
irregular ,natural ,creatures1 cannot   
chuse1 by the former ,descriptions1 but 

be ,unhappy1 having1 in no sort or kind1
 ,pleasure1 or ,ease3 and for such      
,creatures that have such ,perceptions  
as are any way like ours1 they are most 
,miserable3 for1 by the ,sense of       
,touch1 they freeze and burn3 by the    
sense of ,tast1 they have ,nauseousness1
 and ,hunger1 being not satisfied3 by   
the sense of ,scent1 they are           
suffocated1 by reason of irregular      
,respiration3 by the sense of ,hearing1 
and sense of ,seeing1 they have all the 
horrid ,sounds and ,sights1 that can be 
in ,nature3 the ,rational ,parts are1 as
 if they were all distracted or mad2 and
 the ,sensitive ,parts tormented with   
,pains1 ,aversions1 ,sicknesses1 and    
,deformities2 all which is caused       
through the ,irregular ,actions of the  
,parts of the ,irregular ,world2 so that
 the ,actions of all sorts of           
,creatures1 are ,violent1 and           
,irregular4  ,but1 to conclude3 ,as all 
the ,creatures of our ,world1 were made 
for the ,benefit of ,human ,creatures2  

so1 'tis probable1 all the ,creatures of
 the ,irregular ,world1 were produced   
for the ,torment and ,confusion of      
,human ,creatures in that ,world4       
,the ,fifth ,part1 ,being divided into  
,,fifteen ,,sections4   ,concerning     
,restoring-,beds1 or ,wombs4 ,i4   ,at  
the latter end of my ,philosophical     
,conceptions1 the ,parts of my ,mind    
grew sad1 to think of the dissolving of 
their ,society3 for1 the ,parts of my   
,mind are so friendly1 that although    
they do often ,dispute and ,argue for   
,recreation and ,delight-sake2 yet1 they
 were never so irregular1 as to divide  
into ,parties1 like ,factious ,fellows1 
or ,unnatural ,brethren3 which was the  
reason that they were sad1 to think     
their kind ,society should dissolve1 and
 that their ,parts should be dispersed  
and united to other ,societies1 which   
might not be so friendly as they were4  
,and1 after many several ,thoughts1     
7which are several ,rational            
,discourses3 for1 ,thoughts are the     

,language of the ,mind7 they fell into a
 ,discourse of ,restoring ,beds1 or     
,wombs1 viz4 ,whether there might not be
 ,restoring ,beds1 as well as ,producing
 ,beds1 or ,breeding ,beds4 ,and1 to    
argue the case1 they agreed to divide   
into ,minor and ,major ,parts4    ,,ii4 
,the ,major ,parts of my ,mind were of  
opinion1 ,that there are ,beds1 or      
,wombs1 of ,restoration1 as well as     
,beds of ,production3 for1 if ,nature's 
actions be poysed1 there must be one1 as
 well as the other4  ,the ,minor ,part's
 ,opinion1 was1 ,that1 as all ,creatures
 were produced1 so all ,creatures were  
subject to dissolve3 so that1 the poyse 
of ,nature's ,productions1 was ,nature's
 ,dissolutions1 and not ,restorations4  
,the ,major ,part's ,opinion1 was1 ,that
 there are ,restorations in ,nature3    
for1 as some dissolved1 others united in
 every kind and sort of ,creature1 which
 was a ,restoration to the kinds and    
sorts of ,creatures4  ,the ,minor       
,part's ,opinion1 was1 ,that though     

every  sort and kind of ,creatures1     
continued as the ,species of each sort  
and kind2 yet1 they did not continue by 
such ,restorations as they were arguing 
about3 for though1 when some ,creatures 
dye1 others of the same ,sort or        
,species1 are born or bred2 yet1 they   
are ,produced1 not restored3 for1 they  
conceived1 that ,restoration was a      
reviving and re-uniting the ,parts of a 
,dissolved ,society or ,creature2 which 
,restoration was not natural1 at least1 
not usual4  ,the ,major ,part's         
,opinion1 was1 ,that ,restoration was   
natural1 and usual3 for1 there were many
 things1 or ,creatures1 restored1 in    
some sort1 after they were dead4  ,the  
,minor ,part's ,opinion1 was1 ,that some
 ,creatures might be restored from some 
,infirmities1 or ,decays2 but1 they     
could not be restored after they were   
dissolved1 and their ,parts dispersed4  
,the ,major ,part's ,opinion1 was1 ,that
 if the ,roots1 ,seeds1 or ,springs of a
 ,society1 or ,creature1 were not       

dissolved and dispersed1 those          
,creatures might be restored to their   
former condition of ,life1 if they were 
put1 or received1 into the ,restoring   
,beds3 ,as for example1 ,a dry and      
withered ,rood of some ,vegetable1      
although the ,parts of that ,vegetable  
be1 as we say1 dead2 yet1 they are often
 restored by the means of some ,arts3   
also1 dead ,sprigs will1 by ,art1       
receive new ,life4  ,the ,minor ,part's 
,opinion1 was1 ,that if there were such 
actions of ,nature1 as ,restoring       
actions2 yet1 they could not be the     
,poysing ,actions1 nor the ,artificial  
,actions3 for1 not any dead ,creature   
can be restored by ,art4    ,,iii4      
,some of the ,gravest ,parts of my      
,mind1 made this following ,discourse to
 some other ,parts of my ,mind4  ,dear  
,associates1 ,there hath been many      
,human ,societies1 that have perswaded  
themselves1 ,that there are such        
,restoring ,actions of ,nature1 which   
will restore1 not only a ,dead1 but a   

,dispersed ,society2 by reason they have
 observed1 ,that ,vegetables seem to dye
 in one ,season1 and to revive in       
another3 as also1 that the ,artificial  
,actions of ,human ,creatures1 can      
produce several ,artificial ,effects1   
that resemble those we name ,natural2   
which hath occasioned many ,human       
,creatures to wast their ,time and      
,estates1 with ,fire and ,furnace1      
cruelly torturing the ,productions of   
,nature1 to make their ,experiments4    
,also1 they trouble themselves with     
poring and peeping through ,telescopes1 
,microscopes1 and the like ,toyish      
,arts1 which neither get ,profit1 nor   
improve their ,understanding3 for1 all  
such ,arts prove rather ignorant        
,follies1 than wise ,considerations2    
,art being so weak and defective1 that  
it cannot so much assist1 as it doth    
hinder ,nature3 but1 there is as much   
difference between ,art and ,nature1 as 
between a ,statue and a ,man2 and yet   
,artists believe they can perfect what  

by ,nature is defective2 so that they   
can rectifie ,nature's ,irregularities2 
and do excuse some of their ,artificial 
actions1 saying1 they only endeavour to 
hasten the actions of ,nature3 as if    
,nature were slower than ,art1 because a
 ,carver can cut a ,figure or ,statue of
 a ,man1 having all his ,materials ready
 at hand1 before a ,child can be        
finished in the ,breeding-,bed4 ,but1   
,art being the sporting and toyish      
actions of ,nature1 we will not consider
 them at this time4  ,but1 ,dear        
,associates1 if there be any such things
 in ,nature1 as ,restoring-,beds1 which 
most of our ,society are willing to     
believe2 yet1 those ,beds cannot        
possibly be ,artificial1 but must be    
,natural ,beds4 ,nor can any one        
particular sort of ,bed1 be a general   
,restorer3 for1 every several ,sort or  
,kind1 requires a ,bed1 or ,womb1 that  
is proper for their ,sorts or ,kinds3 so
 that1 there must be as many sorts1 at  
least1 and kinds of ,beds1 as there are 

kinds of ,creatures3 but1 what those    
,wombs or ,beds are1 we ,human          
,creatures do not know2 nor do we know  
whether there be any such things in this
 ,world3 but1 if there be such things in
 this ,world1 we cannot conceive where  
they are4    ,,iv4   ,after the former  
,discourse1 the ,parts of my ,mind were 
a little sad3 but1 after many and       
frequent ,disputes and ,arguments1 they 
all agreed1 ,that there are ,restoring  
,beds1 or ,wombs1 in ,nature3 but that  
to describe their ,conceptions of those 
,restoring ,beds1 was only to describe  
,opinions1 but not known ,truths3 and   
their ,opinions were1 ,that those ,beds 
are as lasting as ,gold1 or             
,quick-silver3 for1 though they may be  
occasioned to alter their ,exterior     
,form2 yet1 not their ,interior or      
,innate ,nature4 ,but1 mistake not my   
,mind's ,opinion3 for1 their ,opinion is
 not1 ,that those ,beds are ,gold1 or   
,quicksilver3 for1 their ,opinion was1  
,that neither ,gold1 or ,quicksilver1   

were ,restorers of ,life3 but1 if they  
were ,restorers1 they could restore no  
other ,creatures1 but only dead ,metals1
 by reason several ,creatures require   
several ,restoring ,beds proper to their
 ,sorts or ,kinds3 so that a ,mineral   
,kind or ,sort1 could not restore an    
,animal ,kind or ,sort2 because there   
was no such thing in ,nature1 as the    
,elixir1 or ,philosophers-,stone1 which 
the ,chymists believe to be some ,deity1
 that can restore all ,sorts and ,kinds4
    ,v4   ,as it has formerly been      
declared1 ,the ,parts of my ,mind were  
generally of opinion1 ,that it was1 at  
least1 probable1 there were such things 
in ,nature as ,restoring-,beds1 or      
,wombs4 ,the next ,opinion was1 ,that   
these ,beds were of several ,kinds or   
,sorts1 viz4 ,animal1 ,vegetable1       
,mineral1 and ,elemental3 so that every 
,kind or ,sort1 is a general ,restorer  
of the ,lives of their ,kind or ,sort4  
,as for example1 ,an ,animal            
,restoring-,bed1 may restore any dead   

,animal1 to his former ,animal ,life1 in
 case the ,animal ,roots or ,seeds1     
7which we name1 the ,vital ,parts7 were 
not divided and dispersed1 but inclosed1
 or inurned1 so that no other ,animal   
could come to feed on those ,roots and  
,seeds of the dead ,animal ,body2 and in
 case the ,body was so closely kept1    
though dead many years1 if it was put   
into a ,restoring-,bed1 that ,animal    
,creature would reunite to the former   
,animal ,life and ,form4  ,but then     
there arose this ,argument1 ,that if the
 ,bodies of the dead ,animals1 did      
corrupt and dissolve of themselves1 as  
most dead ,animal ,bodies do2 ,whether1 
after their ,dissolution1 they could be 
,restored8  ,the ,minor ,part's ,opinion
 was1 ,that those dissolved ,bodies1    
being dissolved1 or divided1 and their  
,parts out of their places1 could not be
 restored4  ,the ,major ,part's         
,opinion1 was1 ,they might be restored2 
first1 ,because1 though the ,parts may  
be divided2 yet1 they were not          

annihilated4 ,the next1 ,that those     
divided ,parts were not so separated and
 dispersed1 as to be united to other    
,societies3 ,wherefore1 if all those    
dead ,animal ,parts were put into a     
,restoring-,womb1 or ,bed2 the ,bed     
would occasion those ,parts to place    
themselves into their proper ,order and 
,form4    ,,vi4   ,after the former     
,discourse1 some of the ,parts of my    
,mind were sad1 to think1 that those    
that had been embowelled1 were made     
incapable of ever being restored2 and1  
that it was a greater cruelty to murder 
a dead man1 and to rob him of his       
,interior ,parts2 than to murder a      
living man1 and yet suffer his whole    
,body to lye peaceably in the ,urn1 or  
,grave4  ,but1 the other ,parts         
endeavouring to comfort those sad       
,parts1 made this ,argument1 viz4       
,whether it might not probably be1 that 
the ,bones or ,carcase of a ,human      
,creature1 were the ,root of ,human     
,life8 and if so1 then if all the ,parts

 were dissolved1 and none were left     
undissolved1 but the bare ,carcase2 they
 might be restored to life4  ,the sad   
,part's ,opinion1 was1 ,that it was     
impossible they could be restored1 by   
reason the ,roots of ,human ,life1 were 
those we name the ,vital ,parts2 and    
those being divided from the ,carcase1  
and dispersed1  and united unto other   
,societies1 could not meet and joyn into
 their former state of ,life1 or        
,society1 so as to be the same ,man4    
,the ,comforting ,parts were of opinion1
 ,it was not probable that the ,fleshy  
and ,spungy ,parts1 being the ,branches 
of ,human ,life1 could also be the      
,roots4 ,wherefore1 in all probability1 
the ,bones were the ,roots2 and the     
,bones being the ,roots1 if the bare    
,carcase of a ,man should be put into a 
,restoring ,bed1 all the ,fleshy and    
,spungy ,parts1 both those that were the
 ,exterior1 and those that were         
,interior1 would spring and encrease to 
their full ,maturity4  ,the sad ,part's 

,opinion1 was1 ,that if the ,bones were 
the ,roots2 and that1 from the ,roots1  
all the ,exterior and ,interior ,parts1 
belonging to a ,human ,creature1 should 
spring1 and so encrease to full         
,maturity2 yet1 those ,branches would   
not be the same they were1 viz4 the same
 ,parts of the same ,man2 and besides1  
those ,branches would rather be new     
,productions1 than ,restorations4  ,the 
,comforting ,part's ,opinion1 was1 ,that
 though the ,branches were new1 the     
,carcase1 as the ,root1 being the same1 
the ,man would be the same3 for1 though 
the ,spungy and ,fleshy ,parts1 divide  
and unite from ,home1 and to ,forrein   
,parts2 yet1 the ,man is the same3 and  
to prove that the ,bony ,parts are the  
,roots of ,human ,life1 doth it not     
happen1 ,that if the ,flesh be cut from 
the ,bone1 and the ,bone be left bare2  
yet1 in time1 the bone produces new     
flesh3 but1 if any bone be separated    
from the ,body1 that ,bone cannot be    
restored2 nor can a new bone spring     

forth1 nor can the divided bone be      
joyned or knit to the body1 as it was   
before3 for1 although a broken bone may 
be set2 yet1 a divided bone cannot be   
rejoyned3 ,all which ,arguments1 were a 
sufficient proof1 ,that the ,bones were 
the ,roots of ,life4  ,the ,sad ,part's 
,argument1 was1 ,that it was well known1
 that if any of the ,vital ,parts of a  
,human ,creature1 as the ,liver1 ,lungs1
 ,heart1 ,kidneys1 and the like1 were   
decayed1 pierced1 or wounded1 the ,human
 ,creature dyed1 by reason those ,parts 
are incurable4  ,the ,comforting ,parts 
were of opinion1 ,that there were many  
less ,causes which did often occasion   
,human ,death2 yet1 those ,causes were  
not the ,roots of ,life3 nor were those 
,parts the ,roots of ,life1 although    
those ,parts which we name ,vital1 were 
the chief ,branches of ,human ,life4    
,but1 at last1 they all agreed in this  
opinion1 ,that the ,bones1 were the     
,roots2 the ,marrow1 the ,sapp1 and the 
,vitals1 the chief branches of ,life4   

,also1 they agreed1 ,that when an ,human
 ,life was restored1 the bones did first
 fill with some ,oylie ,juyces2 and from
 the bones1 and the sap or juyce of the 
bones1 did all the ,parts belonging to a
 ,human ,creature1 spring forth1 and    
grow up to ,maturity3 and certainly1    
,not to disturb the ,bones of the dead1 
was a ,holy and ,religious ,charge to   
,human ,creatures4    ,,vii4   ,after   
the pacifying the ,sad ,parts of my     
,mind1 their ,argument was1 ,that1      
supposing ,creatures could be restored2 
whether they should be restored as when 
they were first produced2 or1 as when   
they were at the perfection of their    
,age2 or1 as when they were at old ,age8
  ,but1 after many ,disputes1 they all  
agreed1 ,that those that should be      
restored1 should be restored to that    
degree of ,age and ,strength1 which is  
the most perfect3 and1 as all           
,productions arrived towards ,perfection
 by degrees2 so those that were         
restored1 should return to ,perfection  

by degrees1 if they were past the       
perfect time of their age3 and those    
that were not arrived to their          
,perfection1 before they dyed1 should   
arrive to it1 however1 as those that had
 it3 so that1 both ,youth and ,age1     
shall meet in ,perfection3 for1 as the  
one encreases1 as it were1 forward2 so  
the other return to their ,strength and 
,perfection of their past ,age4         
,,viii4   ,after the former ,opinions1  
the ,parts of my ,mind were somewhat    
puzled in their ,arguments concerning   
the degrees of the ,restoring ,times2   
as1 ,whether ,restoration was done by a 
,general ,act1 or by ,degrees8   ,the   
most ,doubting ,part's ,opinion1 was1   
,that it was not natural to ,restore1   
although it was natural to ,produce2    
and1 that all ,natural ,productions1    
were by degrees3 but1 for ,restorations1
 7being not ,natural ,productions7 they 
could not be done by degrees3 and       
therefore the ,action of ,restoration1  
was but as one ,action1 although of many

 ,parts4  ,the ,believing ,parts of my  
,mind were of opinion1 ,that all        
,nature's ,actions1 being by degrees1   
all ,restorations were also by degrees4 
,the ,doubting ,part's ,opinion was1    
,that there were some actions that had  
no degrees3 for1 ,one action might      
signifie a ,thousand4  ,the other       
,part's ,opinion was1 ,that a ,thousand 
actions1 or degrees1 were in the figure 
of ,one4  ,the ,doubting ,parts were of 
opinion1 ,that it was impossible4 ,but1 
at last1 they agreed1 ,that the         
,restoring actions were by degrees4     
,,ix4   ,the ,parts of my ,mind were    
divided into ,minor and ,major ,parts1  
about the ,time or ,degrees of          
,restoration of ,human ,creatures4  ,the
 ,minor's ,opinion was1 ,that the       
,restoring actions of ,nature1 were so  
much quicker than the ,producing        
actions1 that a ,human ,creature might  
be restored in a ,months time2 whereas  
the production of a ,human ,creature was
 in ten ,months3 for1 though a ,human   

,creature may ,quicken at ,three ,months
 time2 yet1 it was not fully ,ripe for  
,birth1 before the time of ,ten ,months4
  ,the ,major ,part's ,opinion was1     
,that ,restoration was according as the 
,creature was ,dissolved3 for1 a ,man   
that was newly dead2 or not so long     
dead1 that his ,parts were not yet      
divided2 that ,man might be restored to 
,life in an ,hour's time1 or less3 but1 
if all the ,parts1 excepting the bare   
,carcase1 were dissolved1 there would   
require as long a time in ,restoring1 as
 in ,producing4  ,the ,minor's ,opinion1
 was1 ,that the ,restoring-time1 was no 
longer than the time of ,quickning4     
,the ,major ,part's ,opinion1 was1 ,that
 though the ,exterior ,form or ,frame of
 a ,child1 might be before the          
,quickning2 yet1 it was not a perfect   
,animal1 until it was ,quick3 and       
although it might be a perfect ,animal  
when it was ,quick2 yet1 not ripe1 that 
is1 not at the full ,perfection of a    
,human ,creature4 ,as it is with        

,fruits3 for1 a ,green ,plumb is not    
like a ,ripe ,plumb2 but1 any ,green    
,fruit1 is like a ,dead ,fruit1 in      
comparison of a ,ripe ,fruit4  ,at last1
 the ,parts of my ,mind did agree1 ,that
 if a ,human ,creature was dissolved1   
excepting the bare ,carcase2 it would   
require ,ten ,months time ere it could  
perfectly be restored3 for1 the         
,springing ,parts would require so long 
a time ere they could come to full      
,maturity4    ,x4   ,the ,question being
 stated1 ,whether the ,restoring-,bed1  
was a ,fleshy ,bed2 ,all the ,parts of  
my ,mind1 after many ,disputes1 agreed1 
,that it could not be a ,fleshy ,bed1 by
 reason the nature of ,flesh is so      
corruptible1 dissolvable1 and easie to  
be dissolved1 that it could not possibly
 be of such a lasting nature1 as is     
required for ,restoring-,beds4 ,but yet1
 they agreed1 they were like ,flesh1 for
 ,softness1 or ,spunginess2 as also1 for
 ,colour4 ,also1 they agreed1 ,that the 
,animal ,restoring-,bed1 was of such a  

,nature or ,property1 that it could     
dilate and contract1 as it had occasion2
 in so much1 that it could contract to  
the compass of the smallest1 or extend  
to the magnitude of the largest ,animal4
 ,also1 they did agree1 ,that it was    
somewhat like the ,stomack of a ,human  
,creature1 or of the like ,animal1 that 
could open and shut the ,orifice2 and   
that when an ,animal ,creature was put  
into the ,restoring-,bed1 it would      
immediately inclose the ,animal3 and    
when it had caused a perfect            
,restoration1 the ,restoring-,bed would 
open it self1 and deliver it to its own 
,liberty4    ,,xi4   ,another ,question 
amongst the ,parts of my ,mind          
concerning ,restoring-,beds1 or ,wombs1 
was3 ,that in case there were such      
,restoring-,beds in ,nature1 as in all  
probability there were2 ,where could    
those ,restoring-,beds be8 viz4 ,whether
 there were any in this ,world8 ,if not 
in this ,world1 in any other ,world8    
,the ,minor ,parts were of opinion1     

,there were none in this ,world2 but1   
that there were some in other ,worlds4  
,the ,major ,part's ,opinion1 was1 ,that
 there were such ,beds2 but1 that ,human
 ,creatures would not know them1 though 
they could perceive them3 nor1 if they  
could perceive them1 could they tell how
 to make use of them4  ,at last they all
 agreed1 ,that those ,restoring-,beds   
were in the ,center of the ,world3 but1 
where the ,center is1 no ,human         
,creature1 no1 not the most ,subtile and
 ,learned ,mathematicians1              
,geometricians1 or ,astrologers1 could1 
with their most ,laborious ,arts1 and   
,subtile ,observations1 know2 and       
therefore1 unless by a special ,decree  
from ,god1 no such ,restoration can be  
made4    ,,xii4   ,the ,parts of my     
,mind were very studious to conceive    
where the ,center of the ,world was3    
,some of the ,parts of my ,mind was of  
opinion1 ,that there were four ,centers1
 viz4 ,a ,center in the ,earth1 a       
,center in the ,air1 a ,center in the   

,sea1 and a ,center in the ,element of  
,fire4  ,upon which ,opinion1 the ,parts
 of my ,mind divided into ,minor and    
,major ,parts4  ,the ,minor ,parts were 
of opinion1 ,that there were ,centers in
 all the ,four ,elemental ,parts2 and   
that the ,restoring-,beds1 were only of 
four ,kinds3 but yet1 there might be    
many several sorts of each particular   
,kind2 and that each particular ,kind1  
with all the several ,sorts1 was        
produced in each particular ,elemental  
,center4  ,the ,major ,part was of      
opinion1 ,that there might be infinite  
,centers1 if there were infinite        
,worlds3 also1 there might be many      
,centers in this ,world2 for1 every     
round ,globe hath a ,center4 ,but1 their
 ,opinion concerning the                
,restoring-,beds1 was1 ,that they were  
in the ,center of the ,globe of our     
whole ,world1 and not of any of the     
,parts of the ,world3 for1 the ,air     
could have but an uncertain ,center2    
neither could the ,water have a very    

solid ,center2 and the ,earth was too   
solid to have a ,center1 consisting of  
the ,four kinds of ,elements3 neither   
could the ,elemental ,fire have such a  
,center1 as to breed such different     
kinds and sorts of ,beds1 as the        
,restoring-,beds are1 because many of   
them are quite of a different nature    
from the nature of ,elemental ,fire3    
wherefore1 it must be the ,center of the
 ,world1 which must consist of all the  
,elemental kinds4    ,,xiii4   ,after   
the former ,argument1 the ,parts of my  
,mind were very studious in conceiving1 
where the ,center of the whole ,universe
 of this our ,world1 might be3 at last  
they all agreed1 ,it was the ,sea1 which
 is the ,watry ,element3 for1 the ,sea  
is inclosed with the ,airy1 ,fiery1 and 
,earthy ,parts of the ,universe1 and    
therefore must be the ,center4 ,and1    
though the ,sea was the ,center of the  
,world2 yet1 there was a ,center of the 
,sea3 so that1 there was a ,center in a 
,center2 in which ,center1 were the     

,restoring-,beds4    ,,xiv4   ,after the
 former ,conceptions1 the ,parts of my  
,mind were very studious1 to conceive   
where the ,center's ,center might be4   
,but1 they could not possibly conceive  
it1 by reason they could not possibly   
imagine how large1 and of what compass  
the ,sea may be of3 for they did verily 
believe1 that the utmost extension of   
the ,sea1 is not1 as yet1 known to      
,human-,kind3 for1 that ,circle about   
which the ,ships of ,cavendishe1 and    
,drake1 did swim1 might be1 in          
comparison to the whole ,body of the    
,sea1 but such a ,circle as a ,boy may  
occasion1 with throwing a small ,stone1 
or such like thing1 into a ,pond of     
,water4    ,,xv4   ,the last ,conception
 of my ,mind1 concerning                
,restoring-,beds1 was1 ,that the ,parts 
of my ,mind did conceive1 ,that the     
,center of the whole ,universe1 was the 
,sea2 and in the ,center of the ,sea1   
was a small ,island2 and in the ,center 
of the ,island1 was a ,creature1 like   

7in the outward ,form7 to a great and   
high ,rock3 ,not that this ,rock was    
,stone2 but1 it was of such a nature1   
7by the natural ,compositions of ,parts7
 that it was compounded of ,parts of all
 the principal ,kinds and ,sorts of the 
,creatures of this ,world1 viz4 ,of     
,elemental1 ,animal1 ,mineral1 and      
,vegetable kinds3 and1 being of such a  
nature1 did produce1 out of it self1 all
 kinds and sorts of ,restoring-,beds2   
whereof1 some sorts were so loose1 that 
they only hung by ,strings1 or ,nerves3 
others stuck close4 ,some were produced 
at the top1 or upper parts3 others were 
produced out of the middle parts2 and   
some were produced from the lower parts1
 or at the bottom4 ,in short1 the       
,opinion of the ,parts of my ,mind1 was1
 ,that this ,rocky ,creature was all    
covered with its own ,productions2 which
 ,productions were of all ,kinds and    
,sorts3 not that they were numerous2    
but1 various ,productions3 also1 that   
these various ,productions1 were        

,restoring-,beds3 for1 the nature of    
this ,rocky ,creature1 is as lasting as 
the ,sun1 or other ,planets2 which was  
the reason that those ,productions are  
not subject to decay1 as other          
,productions are3 nor can they produce  
new ,creatures2 but only restore former 
,creatures2 as1 those that had been     
,produced1 and were partly ,dissolved4  
,,the ,,conclusion4   ,after the ,wisest
 ,parts of my ,mind had ended their     
,arguments1 there being some of the     
,dullest1 and the most ,unbelieving1 or 
rather1 ,strange ,parts of my ,mind1    
that had retired into the ,glandula of  
my ,brain1 which is a kind of a ,kernel2
 which they made use of1 instead of a   
,pulpit3 out of which1 they declared    
their ,opinions1 thus3  ,dear           
,associates1 ,we1 that were not ,parties
 of your ,disputations1 or              
,argumentations1 concerning             
,restoring-,beds2 being retired into the
 ,glandula of the ,brain1 where we have 
been informed by the ,nerves1 and       

,sensitive ,spirits1 of your wise       
,opinions1 and subtile ,arguments1      
,considering that your ,conclusion was  
as improbable1 if not as impossible1 as 
the ,chymical ,philosophers-,stone1 or  
,elixir2 ,we desire you 7being ,parts of
 one and the same ,society7 not to      
trouble the whole ,society1 in the      
search of that1 which1 if it was in     
,nature1 will never be found4 ,but to   
prevent1 that your painful ,studies1 and
 witty ,arguments1 be not buried in     
,oblivion2 ,we advise you1 ,to perswade 
the ,sensitive ,parts of our ,society1  
to record them1 so that they may be     
divulged to all the ,societies of our   
own ,kind or ,sort of ,creatures2 as    
,chymists do1 who1 after they have      
wasted their ,times and ,estates1 to    
gain the ,philosophers-,stone1 or       
,elixir2 write ,books to teach it to the
 ,sons of ,art3 which is impossible1 at 
least1 very improbable1 ever to be      
learn'd1 there being no such ,art in    
,nature3 but1 were it possible such an  

,art was to be obtained2 yet1 when      
obtained1 the ,artist would never       
divulge it in ,print4 ,but1 those great 
,practitioners1 finding1 after much     
,loss and ,pains1 nothing but ,despair1 
write ,books of that ,art2 which1       
instead of the ,elixir1 did produce     
,despair2 which again1 though produced  
by ,art1 did produce1 naturally1 that   
,vice1 named ,malice2 and ,malice1 being
 a ,pregnant ,seed1 sowed upon the      
,fertile ,ground of their ,writings1    
produces so much ,mischief1 that many   
men of good ,estates1 have been undone1 
in following their ,rules in ,chymistry3
 ,and if your ,books should be as       
succesful as ,chymistry hath been 7,i   
dare not say1 among ,fools2 but7 amongst
 ,credulous ,men2 your ,books will cause
 as much ,mischief as theirs have done2 
not by the ways of ,fire1 but by the    
ways of ,water3 for1 your ,books send   
men to ,sea1 a much ,cooler ,element    
than ,fire2 but1 more ,dangerous than   
,chymical ,fire1 unless ,chymical ,fire 

be ,hell-,fire4  ,upon which ,discourse1
 the rest of my ,thoughts were very     
angry1 and pull'd them out of their     
,pulpit1 the ,glandula2 and not only so1
 but put them out of their ,society1    
believing they were a ,factious ,party1 
which1 in time1 might cause the         
,society's ,dissolution4  ,,finis4