,illustration                           
,,london ,,cries                        
,public ,edifices                       
,illustration                           
by                                      
,,lvke                                  
,,limner                                
,,esq                            ,,grant
 ,,and ,,griffith4                      
,,successors ,,to ,,newbery ,,and       
,,harris               #a ,,corner ,,of 
,,saint ,,paul',s ,,church-,,yard1      
,,london4                               
#ahea4                    ,illustration3
 ,,the ,,tower ,,of ,,london4           
,,pots  ,,kettles ,,to ,,mend1 ,,bellows
 ,,to ,,mend4     ,,pots ,,and ,,kettles
 ,,to ,,mend6--,,copper ,,or ,,brass    
,,to ,,mend6   ,the ,tinker is swinging 
his fire-pot to make it burn1 having    
placed his soldering-iron in it1 and is 
proceeding to some corner or post1 there
 to repair the saucepan he carries4--,we
 commence with the most interesting     
edifice in our capital1   ,,the ,,tower 

,,of ,,london2  the fortress1 the       
palace1 and prison1 in which so many    
events1 connected with the history of   
our country1 have transpired4 ,the      
building with four towers in the centre 
is said to have been erected by ,william
 the ,conqueror1 and is the oldest part 
of the fortress4 ,the small bell-tower  
in the front of our picture is that of  
the church of ,st4 ,peter's1 7the tower 
being a parish itself17 on the ,tower   
,green1 erected in the reign of ,edward 
,i4 ,our view is taken from ,tower      
,hill1 near which was the scaffold on   
which so many have fallen4 ,to the left 
of the picture stood the grand          
storehouse of ,william ,,iii41 destroyed
 by fire1 ,nov4 #ahda4  ,the ,regalia is
 deposited here1 and exhibited to the   
public1 as is also the ,horse ,armoury4 
,the present constable of the ,tower is 
the ,duke of ,wellington4               
,,rhubarb6--,,fine ,,turkey ,,rhubarb6  
,this drug is carried about for sale by 
,turks1 often habited in the costume of 

their country4 ,they are ,turkish ,jews1
 as ,mahomedans seldom travel4 ,the mode
 of fixing his caftan also indicates him
 to be one2 it is fastened on the left3 
the ,turks make a distinction by        
adjusting theirs on the right4   ,,the  
,,east ,,india ,,house  is situated in  
,leadenhall ,street3 it was built in    
#agbf1 and afterwards enlarged1 in      
#agih1 by ,mr4 ,jupp1 who erected the   
present front1 the pediment of which1 by
 ,bacon1 exhibits an allegory of the    
,company1 under the protection of       
,george ,,iii43 on the apex is a statue 
of ,britannia2 on the right hand is a   
figure of ,asia1 and on the left one of 
,europe4 ,here is conducted all the     
official business relating to the       
,company1 which now rules a population  
of #he1jjj1jjj natives of ,india1       
besides #ea1jjj1jjj who are directly or 
indirectly affected by them4 ,it        
contains a ,library and ,museum1 open to
 the public1 free1 on ,saturdays4       
,illustration3 ,,the ,,east-,,india     

,,house4  ,,rhubarb4  ,illustration3    
,,the ,,bank ,,of ,,england4  ,,matches4
   ,,matches6--,,buy ,a ,,box ,,of      
,,matches ,,of ,a ,,poor ,,girl6  ,of   
all the poor itinerants of ,london the  
,match-sellers are the poorest1 and     
subsist as much by donations as by the  
sale of their wares4 ,the old match1 a  
splinter of wood1 with ends dipped in   
brimstone1 is fast disappearing before  
the modern lucifer or congreve4 ,the    
poor creature here represented is       
appealing to a lady and gentleman1      
7whose shadows are seen in the picture17
 on their way to the   ,,bank ,,of      
,,england4  ,this great national        
establishment was erected in #aghh by   
,sir ,john ,soane3 it covers about eight
 acres of ground1 and consists of nine  
open courts1 almost all the rooms being 
on the ground-floor1 lighted from above1
 beneath which are very extensive       
cellars1 used for the deposit of        
bullion4 ,this building is raised on the
 course of the ancient stream of        

,wall-,brook4 ,in the ,pay-,hall1 where 
the notes are issued and exchanged1 is a
 marble statue of ,william ,,iii41      
founder of the ,bank1 by ,cheere4 ,the  
,court-,room windows overlook a piece of
 ground1 laid out as a garden3 this was 
formerly the churchyard of ,st4         
,christopher's2 nearly the whole of this
 parish is within the walls of the      
,bank1 the church having been removed in
 #aghj1 after the riots4 ,the ,bank of  
,england is isolated from all other     
buildings1 and fire-proof4              
,,oranges6--,,buy ,,oranges ,,and       
,,lemons6  ,here is a poor ,irish boy   
endeavouring to dispose of his oranges  
to some passengers outside an omnibus1  
in ,cornhill1 near the   ,,royal        
,,exchange4  ,the merchants used1 in    
olden times1 to meet in ,lombard        
,street1 until ,sir ,thomas ,gresham    
built the first edifice here1 in #aefg1 
from the designs of ,henrick1 a         
,fleming1 who1 it is said1 made constant
 journeys from ,london to ,flanders1 to 

obtain materials and workmen4 ,all the  
stone1 slate1 iron1 wainscot1 and glass1
 came from ,antwerp2 so that the first  
,exchange might be considered a ,dutch  
building4 ,this pile was burnt down at  
the ,fire of ,london1 in #afff1 and a   
second ,exchange was built on the old   
site1 by ,gernan1 the first stone of    
which was laid by ,charles ,,ii41 and   
was completed in #affi1 at an expense of
 #ei1jjj1 and was again destroyed by    
fire in #ahch4 ,the present edifice     
occupies the same spot1 of which ,prince
 ,albert laid the first stone2 and it   
was opened1 with great display1 by her  
,majesty1 ,queen ,victoria1 in ,october1
 #ahdd1 during the mayoralty of ,sir ,w4
 ,magnay4 ,it is from a design by       
,william ,tite2 the pediment1 seen in   
the drawing1 is by ,r4 ,westmacott1     
,jun4  ,illustration3 ,,the ,,royal     
,,exchange4  ,,oranges1 ,,sweet         
,,st3,,michael ,,oranges4               
,illustration3 ,,the ,,mansion ,,house4 
,,buy ,a ,,cage ,,for ,,your ,,fine     

,,singing ,,bird4   ,,buy ,a ,,cage     
,,for ,,your ,,fine ,,singing-,,bird6   
,these little prisons are principally   
manufactured and sold by foreigners1 who
 have them of all sizes and shapes 7to  
suit the nature and habits of the little
 captive melodists74   ,,the            
,,mansion-,,house  is the official      
residence of the ,lord ,mayor of ,london
 during his mayoralty2 it is situated at
 the west end of ,cornhill1 in          
,mansion-,house ,street4  ,when it was  
first resolved1 by the ,common ,council1
 to build the ,mansion-,house1 ,lord    
,burlington sent a design of ,palladio1 
for their approbation and adoption4 ,the
 first question in court was1 not as to 
the applicability of the plan1 but as to
 whether ,palladio was a freeman of the 
city or no4 ,some discussion ensued1 and
 a member rose1 stating it little       
mattered1 as it was notorious that      
,palladio was a ,papist1 and incapable  
as a matter of course4 ,lord            
,burlington's proposal was rejected1 and

 the design of a freeman and ,protestant
 adopted4 ,the architect was originally 
a shipwright1 and it has been likened to
 a deep-laden ,indiaman4 ,the portico is
 supported by six ,corinthian columns4  
,on the pediment is an allegory of the  
wealth of ,london4 ,here the ,lord      
,mayor holds his court1 as chief        
magistrate of the city4 ,it was erected 
in #agec4   ,,old ,,chairs ,,to         
,,mend6--,,rush ,,or ,,cane             
,,bottoms--,,old ,,chairs ,,to ,,mend6  
,this artificer does not necessarily pay
 much rent for workshops1 as he         
commences operations with his canes or  
rushes up the nearest court or gateway2 
or1 if the chairs are not wanted in a   
great hurry1 asks permission to take    
them home1 that he may work them in his 
back-room with more convenience1        
returning them to their owners when he  
next comes his rounds4   ,,the ,,old    
,,college ,,of ,,physicians1 ,,warwick  
,,lane1  was erected in #afgd1 from     
designs by ,sir ,christopher ,wren1 and 

consists of a quadrangular court4 ,the  
room over the gateway1 surmounted by a  
cupola and crowned with a ball1 was the 
,lecture ,theatre4 ,in the court-yard1  
which has been roofed in1 and is now    
used as a butchers' market1 are statues 
of ,charles ,,ii4 and ,sir ,j4 ,cutler4 
,the building is now occupied by a      
coppersmith4 ,warwick ,lane is chiefly  
tenanted by slaughtermen and            
carcase-butchers1 being near to ,newgate
 ,market4 ,our view is taken from       
,paternoster ,row1 the literary mart of 
the world4 ,the new ,college of         
,physicians is situated in ,pall ,mall  
,east4  ,illustration3 ,,old ,,college  
,,of ,,physicians ,,warwick ,,lane4     
,,old ,,chairs ,,to ,,mend4             
,illustration3 ,,smithfield4  ,,st4     
,,bartholomew',s ,,hospital1 ,,church1  
,,cathedral ,,of ,,saint ,,paul4        
,,cat',s ,,meat ,,dogs ,,meat4   ,,cats'
 ,,meat6--,,dogs' ,,meat6  ,the food for
 these domestic animals is sold about   
,london from barrows or small carts1 and

 consists generally of the flesh of     
horses4 ,as the vendor approaches1 the  
cats or dogs bound out at the well-known
 cry1 often forming such a group as we  
have here1 in   ,,smithfield2  which is 
the only cattle market in ,london4 ,it  
was formerly situated just without the  
city walls4 ,it has been used as a      
cattle market since #aaej1 and was then1
 as we have stated1 in the fields1 but  
is now in the very heart of ,london4    
,our view was taken on ,friday          
afternoon1 during the horse market4 ,hay
 and straw are sold here on ,tuesdays1  
,wednesdays1 and ,saturdays4 ,in the    
background may be seen the tower of the 
church of ,st4 ,bartholomew the ,less1  
and the entrance to ,bartholomew's      
,hospital3 the present building was     
erected in #agcj4 ,immediately above the
 gateway of the hospital is seen the    
dome of   ,,st4 ,,paul',s ,,cathedral1  
for a nearer view of which we turn to   
the title-page4 ,it was built by ,sir   
,christopher ,wren1 on the site of the  

former1 7burnt in the great fire17 and  
cost #gcf1jjj3 it took thirty-five years
 building1 the expenses of which were   
raised by a duty on coals4   ,,dust     
,,oh6--,,dust ,,oh6  ,the costume of the
 ,dustman bears a strong resemblance to 
that of the coalheaver1 who appears to  
be of the same family1 probably through 
their both being connected with the same
 material1 the one before it is burnt1  
the other after4 ,they formerly rang a  
bell to intimate their approach1 but    
made so much noise therewith1 as to     
cause the legislature to interfere1     
prohibiting its use4   ,,st4 ,,john',s  
,,gate1 ,,clerkenwell4  ,this building  
is the only relic of that once powerful 
military order of monks1 ,st4 ,john of  
,jerusalem4 ,the priory was established 
about #aajj1 but it was forty years     
after this that they became a military  
order1 and the noblest of the time      
sought admission into its ranks4 ,in the
 thirteenth century they were said to   
possess thirteen thousand manors1 in    

various ,christian lands4 ,the house was
 suppressed by ,henry ,,viii41 who used 
it as a military storehouse4 ,in the    
reign of ,james ,i4 the gate was given  
to ,sir ,roger ,wilbraham4 ,here1 in    
#agcj1 ,cave printed the 8,gentleman's  
,magazine10 which still bears a view of 
the gate on its cover2 it is now used as
 a public-house1 and called the ,old    
,jerusalem ,tavern4 ,it has lately been 
partially restored by voluntary         
subscriptions4  ,illustration3 ,,st     
,,johns ,,gate1 ,,clerkenwell4  ,,dust  
,o666  ,illustration3 ,,temple ,,bar4   
,,buy ,a ,,lace ,,of ,,the ,,poor       
,,blind4   ,,pity ,,the ,,poor ,,blind6 
,the blind must gain a livelihood1 as   
well as those who are blest with sight2 
but1 alas6 how few are the arts which   
can be performed by one so bereft3 hence
 the necessity of an appeal to the      
benevolent--8,pity the poor blind60 ,he 
sells cabbage-nets1 kettle-holders1 or  
laces1 doubtless the work of his own    
hands in the evenings1 which we term    

8blindman's holiday40--,we are          
proceeding along ,fleet ,street1 soon to
 pass under   ,,temple ,,bar1  which is 
the only remaining city gate4 ,it was   
built in #afgj1 by ,sir ,christopher    
,wren1 after the great fire4 ,on this1  
the city side1 are statues of ,james and
 ,anne of ,denmark2 on the other are    
,charles ,i4 and ,,ii4 ,the gate is now 
only closed on such occasions as the    
,queen going in state to the city1 when 
she is not admitted until the pursuivant
 has knocked and permission been granted
 by the ,lord ,mayor4  ,on the top of   
this gate were formerly exhibited the   
heads of traitors3 the last exposed here
 were those of persons who suffered     
after the rebellion of #agde4  ,horace  
,walpole1 in a letter dated #afth ,aug41
 #agdf1 says1 8,i have this morning been
 at the ,tower1 and passed under the new
 heads at ,temple ,bar1 where people    
make a trade of letting spy-glasses1 at 
a halfpenny each1 to view them40 ,one of
 the iron spikes remained till the      

present century4   ,,umbrellas ,,to     
,,mend6--,,any ,,old ,,ones ,,to ,,sell6
  ,during the day the ,umbrella-mender  
goes his rounds1 repeating these words1 
8,umbrellas to mend6 ,sixpence apiece   
for your old broken umbrellas60 and1    
having collected enough1 he returns home
 to patch and mend1 after which he or   
some of his family hawks them about for 
sale4 ,here he appears in his glory1    
under the auspices of ,st4 ,swithen1 the
 patron saint of umbrella and           
patten-maker4 ,it is the ,strand1 near  
,,somerset ,,house4  ,on this site      
formerly stood ,somerset ,palace1 built 
by ,edward ,seymour1 ,duke of ,somerset1
 about #aedi4 ,the present building was 
begun in #aggd1 after a design by ,sir  
,w4 ,chambers4 ,the ,strand front is one
 hundred and thirty feet long1 has a    
rustic basement supporting ,corinthian  
columns1 and is crowned in the centre   
with an attic1 surmounted by a group    
consisting of the arms of ,britain      
supported by the genius of ,england and 

,fame4 ,nine large arches compose the   
basement1 three of which open into the  
court4 ,the key-stones are nine masks1  
representing the ocean and the eight    
chief rivers of ,england4 ,in the       
quadrangle1 directly fronting the       
entrance1 is a bronze figure of the     
,thames1 by ,bacon2 also a statue of    
,george ,,iii4 ,it has a ,thames front1 
with a spacious terrace and water-gate4 
,illustration3 ,,somerset ,,house4      
,,umbrellas ,,to ,,mend1 ,,any ,,old    
,,ones ,,to ,,sell4  ,illustration3     
,,covent ,,garden ,,market4  ,,cherry   
,,ripe2 ,,round  ,,sound #d4 ,a ,,pound4
   ,,cherries1 ,,round ,,and            
,,sound6--,,full ,,weight1 ,,fourpence  
,a ,,pound6  ,of cherries there are a   
great variety2 most come from the county
 of ,kent1 and are sold in the streets  
of ,london1 sometimes as low as one     
penny per pound6 the sellers of which   
are often addicted to giving short      
weight1 as their customers apprehend1   
hence the cry of 8full weight40         

,,covent-,,garden ,,market4  ,the ground
 on which this market stands belonged to
 the ,abbots of ,westminster1 and was   
called ,convent ,garden4 ,on the        
destruction of the monasteries it was   
given to the ,duke of ,somerset2 and1   
after his misfortunes1 was granted to   
the ,earl of ,bedford1 in #aeeb1 who let
 it for building1 and ,inigo ,jones     
designed the piazza1 a portion of which 
occupies the north and part of the east 
sides4 ,the origin of the market was    
casual4 ,persons came here1 and stood in
 the centre of the square1 until it grew
 to the establishment of a market1 which
 consisted of rough sheds until about   
#ahcj1 when the present market was built
 by the ,duke of ,bedford4 ,one part is 
devoted to vegetables1 and others to    
fruits1 flowers1 and plants4   ,,the    
,,costard-,,monger  7so called from an  
apple of that name7 is an itinerant     
vendor of garden stuff4 ,he mostly      
transports his vegetable wares in a cart
 drawn by a donkey4 ,his cry varies with

 the seasons and their produce3 at one  
time we have 8,cabbage plants10 8,new   
potatoes10 or 8,asparagus20 at another1 
8,fine young peas1 fresh gathered10     
8,ripe rhubarb10 8,baking or boiling    
apples30 he is now calling              
8,gooseberries6 fourpence an ale-house  
quart1 gooseberries60 ,in the background
 is a seller of   ,,hearthstones ,,and  
,,flanders ,,brick4  ,punch's opera is  
proceeding along ,bow ,street with dog  
,toby in the rear1 from whose petty     
stage we turn to one of the largest in  
the metropolis1   ,,covent-,,garden     
,,theatre4  ,the former theatre was     
burnt down1 ,sept4 #bj1 #ahjh1 and the  
present one erected on its site1 at a   
cost of #aej1jjj1 by ,r4 ,smirke1       
,r4,a41 who has taken as his model the  
temple of ,minerva at ,athens1 and the  
first stone was laid in ,september1     
#ahji1 by ,george ,,iv41 then ,prince of
 ,wales4 ,it was built with great       
rapidity1 having been completed in less 
than a year after the destruction of the

 former building4 ,along the front are  
basso-relievos representing the ancient 
and modern drama2 and in niches at      
either end figures of ,comedy and       
,tragedy1 by ,flaxman4  ,illustration3  
,,covent ,,garden ,,theatre4  ,,the     
,,costardmonger4  ,,hearth ,,stones1    
,,flanders ,,brick4  ,illustration3     
,,trafalgar ,,square4  ,,with ,,part    
,,of ,,the ,,national ,,gallery ,,and   
,,saint ,,martin',s ,,church  ,,images1 
,,buy ,,images4   ,,images6--,,buy      
,,images4  ,the dealers in these        
articles are mostly ,italians4 ,the     
class of subjects sold in the streets   
were formerly of common-place interest1 
such as a parrot1 horse1 cat1 or cow1   
but our vendor has some of a higher     
class--the ,farnese ,hercules1 ,baily's 
,eve at the ,fountain1 ,cupid and       
,psyche1 ,chantrey's bust of ,sir       
,walter ,scott1 c4 ,see1 there is a     
,greenwich pensioner directing the      
attention of a young sailor to the      
,nelson column3 he is perhaps describing

 the victory of the ,nile or ,trafalgar4
 ,there is a student of the ,royal      
,academy observing their movements1 very
 likely to introduce the scene in his   
next picture4   ,,trafalgar ,,square  is
 an open space1 bounded on the north by 
the ,national ,gallery of ,pictures and 
the ,royal ,academy of ,arts1 on the    
east by ,st4 ,martin's ,church1 south by
 ,northumberland ,house and ,charing    
,cross1 and on the west by the new      
,college of ,physicians3 in the centre  
is the ,nelson column2 on either side   
are fountains4 ,the ,national ,gallery  
was built in #ahcg1 by ,sir ,w4         
,wilkins4 ,st4 ,martin's ,church was    
erected in #agbb1 by ,gibbs3 ,nell      
,gwyn1 who was buried here1 left a      
weekly entertainment to the             
bell-ringers1 which they still enjoy4   
,the ,admiralty being in the parish1 it 
is usual to announce naval victories    
from the belfry of this church4         
,,baked ,,potatoes1 ,,all ,,hot6  ,how  
,,very cold it is6 the ,potato-merchant 

jumps about to warm his feet4 ,it is    
fine time for the boys2 they are pelting
 each other with snowballs4 ,the drayman
 leads his team with care1 lest they    
should slip on the icy road4 ,see the   
snow on the statue of ,charles2 it      
recalls to mind the burial of that      
unfortunate monarch1--the snow that fell
 then was looked upon as type of his    
innocence4   ,,charing ,,cross4  ,so    
named1 from a cross erected there by    
,edward ,i41 to commemorate his         
affection for his beloved queen1        
,eleanor4 ,the cross marked the last    
resting-place of the body on its way to 
,westminster3 the exact spot is now     
occupied by the equestrian statue of    
,charles ,i42 it is in bronze1 and was  
executed by ,le ,sur1 in #afcc1 for the 
,earl of ,arundel4   ,,northumberland   
,,house1  the town residence of the     
,duke of ,northumberland1 forms one side
 of ,trafalgar ,square4 ,it was built by
 ,henry ,howard1 ,earl of ,northampton1 
in whose time it was called ,northampton

 ,house4 ,in #afdc it fell to ,algernon 
,earl of ,northumberland1 by marriage2  
since then it has been called           
,northumberland ,house4 ,the only part  
seen from the street is the screen1     
which was repaired about #ageb1 but     
supposed to have been built in the reign
 of ,edward ,,vi4 ,on the top is a lion 
passant4 ,a spacious court intervenes   
between this and the house1 behind which
 are extensive gardens reaching down to 
the river4 ,bernard ,jansen was         
architect of this ancient house1 to     
which ,inigo ,jones erected a fourth    
side4  ,illustration3 ,,charing ,,cross4
  ,,with ,,northumberland ,,house1 ,,and
 ,,statue ,,of ,,king ,,charles ,,the   
,,first4  ,,baked ,,potatoes ,,all      
,,hot4  ,illustration3 ,,white ,,hall4  
,,bow ,,pots4   ,,bow ,,pots6 7,,or     
,,bay ,,pots67 ,,two ,a ,,penny6  ,they 
are mostly sold by women1 who obtain    
them from ,covent-,garden ,market or    
from nurserymen in the suburbs1 and are 
offered to the lovers of nature in the  

more dense parts of our city4 ,you      
perceive it is warm weather--a glorious 
summer's day2 the dust flies1 and the   
watering-cart is about to render it more
 pleasant4 ,we are in   ,,whitehall1    
opposite the ,banqueting ,house4 ,it was
 begun in #afai1 from designs by ,inigo 
,jones1 and is only part of a vast plan 
left unfinished by reason of the        
troubled times4 ,here was executed ,king
 ,charles ,i4 ,he passed to the scaffold
 through the north-end wall 7to the left
 of the picture74 ,george ,i4 converted 
it into a ,chapel ,royal1 for which it  
is now used3 the ceiling was painted by 
,rubens1 in #afbi2 the subject is the   
,apotheosis of ,james ,i41 for which he 
received #cjjj4 ,in the square behind is
 a bronze statue of ,james ,,ii41 by    
,gibbons4 ,the ,banqueting ,house cost  
about #ag1jjj2 and ,inigo ,jones1 the   
architect1 received but #hs4 #d;d4 per  
day1 with #df per annum for house-rent4 
,the master mason1 ,nicholas ,stone1    
received #ds4 #aj;d4 per day4 ,such were

 the wages of architectural labour in   
those days2 though it is true that the  
value of money was greater then than it 
is now4   ,,wild ,,duck1 ,,rabbit1 ,,or 
,,fowl6  ,wild ,ducks from the fens of  
,lincolnshire2 ,rabbits from ,hampshire1
 and ,poultry from ,norfolk4 ,our dealer
 has procured his stock at ,leadenhall  
,market1 and is now crying them in      
,piccadilly4   ,,strawberries1  from    
,battersea and ,fulham1 where they are  
grown in large quantities1 and sent to  
,covent-,garden ,market1 from whence the
 ,london dealer purchases them in large 
baskets 7called rounds71 containing many
 pottles4   ,,burlington ,,house4  ,we  
have given the entrance gateway1 for no 
other part of this splendid mansion can 
be seen from the street4 ,this house was
 built by ,richard ,boyle1 third ,earl  
of ,burlington1 7who is said to have    
erected it there because he was certain 
no one would build beyond him17 from his
 own designs1 assisted by ,kent1 who was
 his intimate friend and companion4 ,it 

is very large1 has a stone front1 and a 
circular ,doric colonnade joins the     
wings4 ,here were deposited those       
exquisite specimens of ,grecian art1 the
 ,elgin ,marbles1 previous to their     
purchase by ,government and removal to  
the ,british ,museum4  ,illustration3   
,,burlington ,,house1 ,,gateway4  ,,wild
 ,,duck ,,rabbit ,,or ,,fowl4           
,,strawberries4  ,illustration3 ,,saint 
,,georges ,,hanover ,,sq3  ,,new        
,,mackerel4   ,,mackarel6--,,new        
,,mackarel6  ,perhaps there are more of 
this fish sold than any other3 they are 
very plentiful during spring4 ,there is 
a law that permits of their being sold  
on ,sundays1 before divine service1 on  
account of their perishable nature2 for 
it has been stated #aj1jjj mackarel1    
worth #bjj in the morning1 would not be 
worth twenty shillings on the following 
day4 ,here comes the beadle1 crossing   
,george ,street1 to warn off a          
fish-woman1 for it is eleven o'clock by 
,,st4 ,,george',s1 ,,hanover ,,square4  

,this church was one of fifty1 erected  
by act of ,parliament in #agbd4 ,john   
,james was the architect4 ,the first    
stone was laid by ,general ,stewart1    
with the following ceremony3--,having   
made a libation of wine1 he pronounced  
these words3 8,the ,lord ,god of heaven 
preserve the church of ,st4 ,george60   
,it is dedicated to ,st4 ,george the    
,martyr1 in honour of ,george ,i4 ,the  
subject of the altar-piece is the ,last 
,supper1 attributed to ,sir ,james      
,thornhill4 ,this church is remarkable  
for the number of fashionable marriages 
celebrated here4   ,,buy ,a             
,,box6--,,buy ,a ,,band-,,box6  ,these  
useful articles are mostly the          
manufacture of the persons who carry    
them about for sale3 they are of all    
shapes and sizes--cap-boxes1            
bonnet-boxes1 clothes-boxes1 c4   ,,old 
,,clothes6  8,clo6 ,clo660 ,this is the 
abbreviated cry of the old clothesman1  
when going his rounds4 ,the trade is    
mostly conducted by ,jews1 who take the 

morning purchases to ,rosemary ,lane1   
7commonly called ,rag ,fair17 near      
,tower ,hill1 where they dispose of them
 to dealers1 who patch1 mend1 and sell  
again to the public4 ,our ,jew1 judging 
from his beard and band round his waist1
 is some dignitary of the synagogue2 he 
has just made a purchase of an old court
 suit at   ,,st4 ,,james',s ,,palace4   
,it is a plain brick building1 and was  
erected by ,henry ,,viii4 in #aeea4     
,queen ,anne was the first to hold her  
court here1 since which time it has been
 uniformly used for that purpose4 ,here 
is the ,chapel ,royal1 in which our     
present ,queen was married to ,prince   
,albert3 it is used only for purposes of
 state4 ,king ,charles ,i4 passed the   
last eleven days of his life here1      
during his trial4 ,a great portion of   
the south-eastern corner was destroyed  
by fire1 in #ahji4  ,illustration3      
,,saint ,,james' ,,palace4  ,,old       
,,clothes4  ,,buy ,a ,,box1 ,a ,,band   
,,box4  ,illustration3 ,,westminster    

,,abbey4  ,,and ,,tower ,,of ,,saint    
,,margaret',s ,,church4  ,,milk ,,below4
   ,,milk ,,below6  ,of dealers in milk 
there are two classes1--the one keeping 
cows1 the other purchasing from large   
dairymen in the outskirts1 and retailing
 it on their own account4 ,their        
customers mostly live in neighbouring   
streets1 which are called 8milk-walks10 
and are often disposed of as other      
trades4 ,it is stated that fifteen      
thousand cows are necessary to supply   
,london with milk1 and it has been      
calculated that it is usually           
adulterated one-third4 ,the             
milk-carriers of ,london are mostly     
,welsh girls1 and did1 until of late1   
wear the national hat4 ,our sketch      
exhibits one of them carrying home the  
produce of her master's cows from ,st4  
,james's ,park1 while a man drives a cow
 and calf from the pasture there2 but   
this is a picture of the past4 ,the park
 no longer affords pasture for cattle2  
population has driven them farther away4

 ,the background remains the same4      
,,westminster ,,abbey4  ,the present    
church was erected by ,henry ,,iii4 and 
his successors2 the western towers are  
by ,sir ,christopher ,wren4 ,behind the 
altar is the chapel of ,edward the      
,confessor1 in which is kept the        
coronation chair3 adjoining is the      
chapel of ,henry ,v4 ,around these      
chapels are nine others1 dedicated to   
various saints4 ,next to the eastern end
 of the church stands the chapel of     
,henry ,,vii4 ,the first stone was laid 
in ,feb41 #aejc1 by ,abbot ,islop2 the  
building cost #ad1jjj1 an enormous sum  
for the period4 ,it was designed by ,sir
 ,reginald ,bray4 ,the ,abbey contains  
the monuments of many great men2 one    
spot is occupied by poets1 and called   
8,poets' ,corner40 ,in the foreground   
may be seen the tower of the parish     
church of ,st4 ,margaret's1             
,westminster4   ,,young                 
,,water-,,cresses6  ,the morn has been  
proclaimed with 8,sweep6 ,soot oh60 ,the

 inmate of the downy bed has turned     
again to slumber--then follows 8,milk60 
and now comes 8,water-cresses60 ',tis   
half-past eight2 all are up1 the door is
 mopped1 and ,betty runs to get the     
usual penny for the poor old dame in    
,milbank1 ,westminster4 ,from here we   
obtain a good view of   ,,lambeth       
,,palace1  which is the principal       
residence of the ,archbishop of         
,canterbury4 ,it is a very extensive and
 irregular pile1 the principal part of  
which was built since the thirteenth    
century1 the oldest part being the      
chapel4 ,the great hall was erected by  
,archbishop ,juxon1 about #afjj4 ,the   
gate seen in the picture was built by   
,cardinal ,morton in #adij1 in front of 
which1 to this day1 is distributed the  
bishop's dole1 or alms1 to thirty poor  
parishioners of ,lambeth1 ten of whom   
are served each day2 among them are     
distributed three stone of beef1 ten    
pitchers of broth1 five quartern loaves1
 and twopence in copper4 ,at the back of

 this gate is the ,lollards' ,prison1 a 
small room of great strength1 in which  
prisoners have been confined for their  
religious opinions4 ,adjoining is the   
parish church of ,lambeth4              
,illustration3 ,,lambeth ,,palace4      
,,water ,,cresses4  ,illustration3 ,,new
 ,,hall ,,lincolns ,,inn4  ,,knives     
,,scissors ,,to ,,grind4  ,,buy ,a      
,,mat1 ,a ,,rope ,,or ,,parlour ,,mat4  
,,knives ,,to ,,grind6--,,scissors ,,to 
,,grind6  ,we here have a grinder       
executing a job under the entrance      
gateway to ,new ,square1 ,lincoln's     
,inn2 who1 if we may judge from the     
smile of satisfaction playing on his    
countenance1 has had merry work amongst 
the cleavers of ,clare ,market1         
adjacent4 ,hoping he may find the like  
success with the pen-knives of the      
lawyers of ,lincoln's ,inn1 we wish him 
8,good day60   ,,buy ,a ,,mat6--,,buy ,a
 ,,door ,,or ,,parlour ,,mat6  ,they are
 manufactured of different materials3   
rope and rush mats for hall-doors4      

,parlour and carriage mats are made of  
sheep-skins1 with the wool on1 dyed of  
various hues4   ,,new ,,hall1           
,,lincoln',s ,,inn1  is situated on the 
eastern side of ,lincoln's ,inn ,fields3
 it is of ,tudor architecture1 designed 
by ,philip ,hardwick1 ,r4,a41 and       
consists of an extensive dining-hall1   
spacious library1 and benchers'         
drawingroom4 ,it was opened ,oct4 #cj1  
#ahde1 by the ,queen1 accompanied by his
 ,royal ,highness ,prince ,albert4      
,lincoln's ,inn is one of the principal 
inns of court4   ,,sweep6--,,soot ,,oh6 
,this trade was1 until of late1         
performed by small boys1 who used to    
climb up chimneys1 brushing away the    
soot as they went1 until they arrived at
 the top1 where they performed a rattle 
of triumph on the sides of the pot4     
,poor little sweep6 your 8occupation's  
gone20 the term 8climbing boy0 will soon
 become obselete1 for chimneys are now  
swept by machines1 such as the one on   
the shoulders of the boy in our picture4

 ,he has been his morning's round1 and  
perceives a chimney on fire1 which he is
 off to extinguish1 seeming to enjoy it 
much1 no doubt on account of the extra  
fee on such occasions4 ,the boys have   
got out the parish engine and the       
beadle4 ,it is the #ast of ,may1 the    
sweeps' grand day1 when they perambulate
 the streets and collect donations1     
decked in ribbons and finery1 and dance 
round the ivy bower1 called 8,jack in   
the ,green10 to a drum and pandean      
pipes1 which revelry seems to be        
forgotten in the excitement of the      
moment3 the smoke rolls over-head2 it   
must be in ,guildford ,place1 opposite  
,,the ,,foundling ,,hospital4  ,its name
 indicates its use4 ,it is a plain brick
 edifice1 with a chapel in the centre1  
founded1 about the year #agbb1 by       
,captain ,thomas ,coram4 ,it covers a   
large space1 and is enclosed within a   
wall3 here the children play4 ,there are
 about #cfj1 who are educated in a plain
 manner2 and when old enough the boys   

are apprenticed1 and girls put to       
service4  ,illustration3 ,,foundling    
,,hospital4  ,,sweep4  ,illustration3   
,,north ,,western ,,railway4  ,,muffins1
 ,,crumpets4                            
,,muffins6--,,crumpets6--,,all ,,hot    
,,muffins6  ,this is an evening cry in  
winter1 reminding us of a cheerful fire1
 curtains drawn1 pleasant company1 the  
hissing urn1 and a goodly pile of these 
toasted luxuries hot and tempting4 ,they
 are sold by boys or men1 who carry a   
small bell1 which they ring between the 
times of calling out their wares4 ,night
 is fast approaching1 the lamp-lighter  
is at work1 while the last rays of      
departing day gild the horizon1 behind  
the portico of   ,,the ,,north-,,western
 ,,railway4  ,this is the most important
 line of communication up the country1  
and the most extensive in the kingdom3  
it was commenced in #ahcg1 and          
originally called the 8,london and      
,birmingham ,railway10 from its ending  
in that town1 #aab miles from ,london2  

but it is now the grand trunk line of   
numerous tributaries4 ,our view is of   
the ,doric portico at the ,euston       
station1 ,euston ,square2 it is built of
 granite1 from a design by ,philip      
,hardwick1 ,r4,a41 and is #gj feet in   
height4   ,,buy ,a ,,broom6  ,these     
tasteful articles are cut out of a      
single piece of wood1 and carried about 
our metropolis by ,bavarian women1 who  
sing pleasing ditties in broken         
,english2 they are very tidy1 and have a
 picturesque appearance4 ,here we have  
one offering a broom to the inmates of a
 carriage in the ,regent's ,park1 near  
,,the ,,colosseum4  ,it was erected some
 few years since for the exhibition of a
 panorama of ,london1 painted by ,mr4   
,horner1 after sketches taken from a    
scaffold above the dome of ,st4 ,paul's 
,cathedral1 7during the repairs of the  
ball and cross17 at sunrise1 before the 
lighting of the innumerable fires4 ,this
 glorious scene has been beautifully    
described by ,wordsworth1 in one of his 

sonnets3--      8,earth has not any     
thing to show more fair3      ,dull     
would he be of soul who could pass by   
,a sight so touching in its majesty3    
,this city now doth like a garment wear 
,the beauty of the morning2 silent1     
bare1      ,ships1 towers1 domes1       
theatres1 and temples lie      ,open    
unto the fields and to the sky2         
,all bright and glittering in the       
smokeless air4      ,never did sun more 
beautifully steep      ,in his first    
splendour valley1 rock1 or hill2        
,ne'er saw ,i1 never felt1 a calm so    
deep6      ,the river glideth at his own
 sweet will3      ,dear ,god6 the very  
houses seem asleep2      ,and all that  
mighty heart is lying still60           
,illustration3 ,,coliseum4              
,,buy ,a ,,broom4                       
,illustration3                          
,,in ,,twenty ,,six ,,illustrations     
,,the                                   
,,cries                                 
,,of                                    

,,london                                
,,and                                   
,public ,edifices                       
,,by                                    
,,luke ,,limner                         
,,esq4