,illu/ration3  ,old ,gre5l&1 z to its   
,ea/]n  ,we/]n ,p>ts4 ,vulgo ,o/] ,bygd 
,we/] ,bygd  ,engrav$ = ,eg$es ,gre5l&  
by ,j4 ,smi?1 #a ,clem5ts ,inn1 ,/r&    
,pub4 ,may #a4 #ahah by ,t4  ,j4        
,allman1 ,pr9ces ,/reet1 ,hanov] ,squ>e 
,a                        ,,description 
,,( ,,gre5l&4                           
,,by ,,hans ,,eg$e1                     
,,:o ,,0 ,a ,,mission>y ,,9 ,,t ,,c\ntry
                                   ,,=  
,,tw5ty-,,five ,,ye>s4                  
,a ,,new ,,edition4                     
,,) ,,an                                
,,hi/orical ,,introduction              
,,&                          ,a ,,life  
,,( ,,! ,,au?or4                        
,,illu/rat$        ,,) ,a ,,map ,,(     
,,gre5l&1 ,,& ,,num]\s ,,engrav+s ,,on  
,,wood4                                 
,,second ,,edition4                     
,illu/ration                            
,,london3                      ,,pr9t$  
,,= ,t4 ,,& ,j4 ,,allman1               
,,pr9ces ,,/reet1 ,,hanov] ,,squ>e2     

,w4 ,h4 ,,reid1 ,,*>+ ,,cross2 ,,&      
,,baldw91 ,,cradock1 ,,& ,,joy1         
,,pat]no/] ,,r[4                        
#ahah4     ,,cont5ts4                   
,,page  ,,hi/orical ,,introduction      
i  ,,life ,,( ,,! ,,au?or               
xciii   ,,*apt] ,i4  ,( ! ,situation &  
,ext5t ( ,gre5l&4 ,probability ( its =m+
 ,"p ( ,am]ica                          
#a   ,,*ap4 ,,ii4  ,fir/ ,settlem5t (   
,gre5l&1 ) "s ,?\ghts on ! ,ext9ction ( 
! ,norwegian ,colonies2 & :e!r on ! ,ea/
 ,side no ,rema9d]s may be f\nd ( ! old 
,norwegians3 also1 :e!r ! same ,tract ( 
,l& _c be recov]$                       
#g   ,,*ap4 ,,iii4  ,( ! ,nature ( !    
,soil1 ,plants1 & ,m9]als ( ,gre5l&     
#da   ,,*ap4 ,,iv4  ,( ! ,nature ( !    
,climate1 & ! ,temp]am5t ( ! ,air       
#ej   ,,*ap4 ,v4  ,( ! ,l& ,animals1 &  
,l& ,f[ls or ,birds ( ,gre5l&2 & h[ !y  
hunt & kill !m                          
#ei   ,,*ap4 ,,vi4  ,( ! ,gre5l& ,sea   
,animals1 & ,sea ,f[ls & ,fi%es         
#ff   ,,*ap4 ,,vii4  ,( ! ord9>y        

,occupations ( ! ,gre5l&]s1 z ,hunt+ &  
,fi%+3 ( ! ,tools & ,in/rum5ts necess>y 
= ^! ,employm5ts3 ( _! ,h\se ,implem5ts 
& ,ut5sils                              
#ajj   ,,*ap4 ,,viii4  ,( !             
,inhabitants1 _! ,h\ses1 & ,h\se        
,furniture              #aac   ,,*ap4   
,,ix4  ,( ! ,p]sons1 ,complexion1 &     
,temp]am5t ( ! ,gre5l&]s                
#aai   ,,*ap4 ,x4  ,( ! ,cu/oms1        
,virtues1 & ,vices1 & ! ,mann]s or ,way 
( ,life ( ! ,gre5l&]s                   
#abc   ,,*ap4 ,,xi4  ,( _! ,habits &    
,way ( ,dress+                          
#acj  ,,*ap4 ,,xii4  ,( _! ,diet1 &     
mann] ( dress+ _! ,victuals             
#ace   ,,*ap4 ,,xiii4  ,( _! ,m>riages1 
& ,education ( _! ,*ildr5               
#adj   ,,*ap4 ,,xiv4  ,h[ ! ,gre5l&]s   
m\rn & bury _! dead ,fri5ds             
#adc   ,,*ap4 ,,xv4  ,( _! ,pa/imes &   
,div]sions1 z also _! ,poetry           
#aed   ,,*ap4 ,,xvi4  ,( _! ,language   
#afc   ,,*ap4 ,,xvii4  ,( ! ,gre5l&     
,trade1 & :e!r 9 promot+ x !re is any   

advantage to be expect$                 
#agi   ,,*ap4 ,,xviii4  ,! ,religion1 or
 r ,sup]/ition1 ( ! ,gre5l&]s           
#ahc   ,,*ap4 ,,xix4  ,! ,a/ronomy ( !  
,gre5l&]s1 or _! ,?\ghts conc]n+ ! ,sun1
 ,moon1 ,/>s1 & ,planets                
#bjf  ,,*ap4 ,,xx4  ,! ,capacity ( !    
,gre5l&]s1 & _! ,incl9ation t[>ds ! ,k (
 ,god1 & ! ,*ri/ian ,religion2 & by :at 
,means ?is may easily be br\ght ab\t    
#bad     ,,hi/orical  ,,introduction4   
,illu/ration  ,! regions 9 !            
neighb\rhood ( ! ,nor? ,pole h lately   
become ! objects ( increas$ curiosity2 &
 among ^! regions ,gre5l& has attract$ a
 m ?an usual int]e/4 ,?is c\ntry 0 fir/ 
peopl$ by a colony f ,icel&1 :i* occupi$
 bo? ! ,we/]n & ,ea/]n p>ts ( ! ,isl&4  
,! fir/ settl]s 9 ! ,we/ appe> to h be5 
de/roy$ by ! natives1 :o are d5om9at$   
,skrell+s2 & ?\gh a communication 0     
pres]v$ = sev]al c5turies betwe5 !      
,ea/]n coa/ ( ,gre5l& & "s p>ts ( !     
,dani% t]ritory1 yet x 0 int]rupt$ ab\t 
! close ( ! f\rte5? c5tury by accumulat$

 masses ( ice1 :i* =m$ an imp5etrable   
b>ri] ( consid]able ext5t ar\nd ! %ore2 
& ?\gh v>i\s attempts h be5 made1 at    
diff]5t times1 to explore a passage     
?r\gh ?is froz5 ramp>t1 yet !re is no   
def9ite acc\nt ( any attempt ( ?is k9d  
:i* has hi!rto be5 successful4 ,may we  
hope t ! execution ( ?is project1 :i* is
 prompt$1 n only by curiosity b by      
philan?ropy1 is res]v$ = ! pres5t era1 &
 t x w be f9ally accompli%$ by !        
nautical skill & ent]prise ( ?is c\ntry6
  ,z we possess indubitable evid5ce t a 
consid]able ext5t ( ?is coa/ 0 =m]ly    
occupi$ by a fl\ri%+ colony1 & t x      
conta9$ num]\s villages1 ) a bi%op's    
see1 we _c b be anxi\s to "k :at has be5
 ! fate ( s _m human be+s1 s long cut (f
 f all int]c\rse ) ! m civiliz$ _w4 ,7  
!y de/roy$ by an invasion ( ! natives1 l
 _! c\ntrym5 on ! ,we/]n coa/8 or h !y  
p]i%$ by ! inclem5cy ( ! climate1 & !   
/]ility ( ! soil8 or d !y /ill subsi/8  
,if !y subsi/1 x mu/ greatly int]e/ our 
curiosity to le>n 9 :at mann] !y h      

vanqui%$ ! difficulties ) :i* !y h _h to
 cont5d1 bo? f ! climate & ! soil1 & !  
total privation ( all articles (        
,european manufacture4 ,9 ! novel       
circum/ances 9 :i* !y h be5 plac$1 h !  
pres5t race advanc$ or decl9$ 9 ! degree
 ( culture :i* _! =efa!rs possess$8 ,:at
 pr(ici5cy h !y made8 or :at            
det]ioration h !y und]gone8 ,h !y rema9$
 ne>ly /ation>y at ! po9t ( civiliz$    
exi/5ce at :i* _! ance/ors 7 plac$ f\r  
c5turies ago8 or h !y entirely deg5]at$ 
into a savage race1 & pres]v$ no memory 
nor ve/ige ( _! orig9al extraction f1 & 
subsequ5t communication )1 ! cont95t (  
civiliz$ ,europe8 ,^! are c]ta9ly po9ts 
( int]e/+ rese>*2 & to :i* we _c well be
 indiff]5t z ,*ri/ians1 or1 inde$1 z    
human be+s4  ,9 ! mean "t1 ?\gh we _c   
yet supply any p>ticul>s respect+ !     
pres5t /ate ( ! ,ea/]n coa/ ( ,gre5l&1  
we ?9k t ! read]s ( ?is new edition (   
,eg$e w n be displeas$ ) u = furni%+ !m 
) all ! in=mation :i* rema9s1 respect+  
its pa/ /ate1 z well z ) "s hi/orical   

details1 :i* w r5d] ! pres5t volume m   
complete ?an x w\ld o!rwise h be54      
,gre5l& 0 fir/ discov]$ by ,eric1       
surnam$ ,rufus1 or ! ,r$1 9 ! ye> #iha  
or #ihba4 ,?is *iefta9 0 ( ,norwegian   
extraction4 ,8 fa!r _h fl$ f ,norway1 & 
tak5 refuge 9 ,icel&1 9 ord] to avoid ! 
v5geance :i* m5ac$ him1 on acc\nt ( a   
murd] :i* he _h p]petrat$ 9 8 native l&4
 ,eric appe>s to h committ$ 9 ,icel& a  
crime simil> to t = :i* 8 fa!r _h fl$ f 
,norway4 ,9 endeav\r+ to escape !       
pursuit ( ju/ice1 ,eric accid5tally     
discov]$ ! coa/ :i* is ! pres5t object (
 our inquiry4 ,he took 8 dep>ture f     
,icel& at ! port ( ,snfellzness1 :i* is 
situate 9 a ,we/]n promontory ( t isl&4 
,he arriv$ 9 ! vic9ity ( a m\nta9 call$ 
,midjokul#b2 or1 z x is d5om9at$ by     
o!rs1 ,miklajokul4 ,peyr]e int]prets    
?is1 8le gr& glaon10 ! great m\nta9 (   
ice4 ,subsequ5t navigators gave x ! "n (
 ,bloes]k51 or ,blue ,smock1 & o!rs (   
,huids]k51 or ,:ite ,smock1 accord+ to !
 v>iations 9 ! hue ( ! ice 9 diff]5t    

aspects & at diff]5t p]iods ( ! ye>4    
,eric pass$ ! fir/ w9t] aft] 8 dep>ture 
f ,icel& 9 an isl& :i* he call$ aft] 8  
own "n1 ,ericscun1 & :i* ,torfu places 9
 ! mid/ ( ! cultivat$ ,ea/]n di/rict4 ,9
 ! foll[+ spr+ he ent]$ "o ( ! bays (   
,ea/]n ,gre5l&1 to :i* he gave ! "n (   
,ericsfiord2 & :]e he =m$ 8 fir/        
settlem5t1 :i* he d5om9at$ ,brattahlis4 
,9 ! summ] ( ! same ye> he explor$ p>ts 
( ! m ,we/]n di/rict1 & gave names to _m
 ( ! places :i* he visit$#c4 ,he pass$ !
 foll[+ w9t] 9 ! isl& ( ,ericscun2 & 9 !
 succe$+ summ] he pass$ ov] to ! ma9 l&1
 & proce$$ along ! ,nor!rn coa/ till he 
rea*$ an imm5se rock1 :i* he call$      
,sneefiell1 or ! ,rock ( ,sn[4 ,at ?is  
po9t he gave ! "n ( ,rav5sfiord to ano!r
 bay1 on acc\nt ( ! multitudes ( t      
ill-om5$ bird ) :i* ?is spot ab\nds4    
,o!r p>ts ( ! coa/ d]iv$ _! appellations
 f ! names ( ! diff]5t adv5tur]s :o     
accompani$ ,eric 9 ?is exp$ition1 z1    
,h]gulfsness1 ,ketillsfiord1 ,solvadal1 
,e9>sfiord1 c#d4  ,9 ! foll[+ summ]     

,eric1 hav+ conciliat$ ! =giv5ess1 or   
pur*as$ ! =be>ance1 ( 8 enemies 9       
,icel&1 return$ to t c\ntry to procure  
an additional supply ( inhabitants = 8  
new settlem5t4 ,9 ord] to r5d] 8        
proposals m attractive1 he nam$ ! c\ntry
 = :i* he 0 endeav\r+ to provide        
coloni/s1 ,gre5l&1 z if1 comp>$ ) !     
rugg$ /]ility ( _! native ,icel&1 x 0 a 
region ( v]dure & delight4 ,he describ$ 
x z ab\nd+ 9 cattle1 & z ri* 9 e species
 ( game & fi%4 ,& z su* delusive        
repres5tations1 :5 assi/$ by ! vivid    
eloqu5ce ( en?usiasm1 or ! unhesitat+   
assurance ( effront]y1 seldom fail ( _! 
effect1 ,eric return$ to 8 rec5t        
acquisition ) num]\s %ips1 & a l>ge body
 ( settl]s1 f ,icel&4  ,9 less ?an tw5ty
 ye>s aft] ,eric ! ,r$ _h begun to      
colonize ,gre5l&1 8 son ,leiff1 :o _h   
made a voyage into ,norway1 r5\nc$ 8    
,pagan errors1 & receiv$ ! baptismal    
rite4 ,8 conv]sion 0 ow+ to ! example & 
! admonitions ( ,k+ ,olave ,tryggw9e1 or
 ,truggu]us#e1 :o _h himself rec5tly    

embrac$ ! same doctr9e1 & _h be5 v      
successful 9 caus+ x to be diffus$      
?r\gh\t 8 dom9ions4  ,leiff1 hav+ pass$ 
! w9t] at ! c\rt ( ! ,k+ ( ,norway1     
return$ to ,gre5l&1 9 company ) a prie/ 
& "s o!r mission>ies1 :om ! ,k+ _h      
commission$ to in/ruct ,eric1 & ! o!r   
settl]s1 9 ! fai? :i* ,leiff _h embrac$4
 ,on _! voyage to ,gre5l& !y met "s     
m>9]s1 :o 7 float+ ^u a wreck 9 ! op5   
sea4 ,^! !y took on bo>d1 & convey$ to !
 new settlem5t4 ,eric1 at fir/1 inc5s$ )
 8 son = hav+ laid op5 to /rang]s ! r\te
 to ! new-discov]$ c\ntry1 turn$ a deaf 
e> to 8 ,*ri/ian admonitions4 ,b !      
e>ne/ness ( ! son1 second$ by !         
in/ruction ( ! mission>ies1 at la/      
prevail$ ov] ! ins5sibility ( ! fa!r1 :o
 submitt$ to ! rite ( baptism1 :5 ! o!r 
,gre5l&]s foll[$ 8 example4  ,! ,*ri/ian
 doctr9e1 :i* _h be5 ?us introduc$1 0 s 
mu* approv$1 & s g5]ally receiv$1 t     
*ur*es 7 e/abli%$ 9 twelve diff]5t p>ts 
( ,ea/ ,gre5l&1 & 9 f\r ( ! ,we/]n      
di/rict4 ,torfu makes ! ye> #ajjj ! era 

( ! conv]sion ( ! ,gre5l& coloni/s to ! 
,*ri/ian fai?4 ,?is hi/orian ( anci5t   
,gre5l& has also pres]v$ a li/ ( its    
bi%ops1 f ! ye> #ajba to #adjf1 aft] :i*
 p]iod no m5tion is made ( any subsequ5t
 episcopal appo9tm5ts2 & inde$ !        
int]c\rse betwe5 ,gre5l& & ! native     
region ( ! fir/ settl]s appe>s to h be5 
previ\sly discont9u$4  ,a ,dani%        
,*ronicle1 :i* ,m4 ,peyr]e _h consult$1 
ref]s ! discov]y ( ,gre5l& to a mu*     
e>li] date ?an t :i* has be5 giv5 ^u !  
au?ority ( ,torfu2 & ! e>li] date ( #ggj
 is m likely to be true1 if1 z ,m4      
,peyr]e m5tions1 !re is a bull ( ,pope  
,gregory ,,iv1 9 #hce1 relative to !    
propagation ( ! ,*ri/ian fai? 9 ! ,nor? 
( ,europe1 9 :i* ,icel& & ,gre5l& are   
p>ticul>ly m5tion$4  ,! ,dani%          
,*ronicle1 to :i* ,peyr]e appeals1      
/ates1 t ! ,k+s ( ,d5m>k1 hav+ be5      
conv]t$ to ,*ri/ianity dur+ ! empire (  
,l\is le ,debonaire1 ,gre5l& _h become  
an object ( g5]al att5tion at ?is p]iod4
  ,! ,dani% ,*ronicle relates1 t ! fir/ 

settl]s 9 ,gre5l& 7 succe$$ by a num]\s 
po/]ity1 :o p5etrat$ f>!r into ! c\ntry1
 & discov]$1 among ! rocky heights & icy
 m\nta9s1 "s f]tile spots1 :i* 7 m      
auspici\s to pa/urage & cultivation4 ,!y
 foll[$ ! division ( ,gre5l& :i* ,eric  
_h e/abli%$1 & call$ ! two settlem5ts 9 
! ,ea/ & ! ,we/1 ,o/]bygdt & ,we/]bygdt4
  ,9 ! ,ea/]n di/rict ! ,gre5l&]s erect$
 a t[n1 to :i* !y gave ! "n ( ,g>de1    
:]e1 accord+ to ,peyr]e1 :o ref]s to !  
,*ronicle1 ! ,norwegians e/abli%$ a sort
 ( emporium = ! deposit & sale ( _!     
m]*&ize4 ,! t[n ( ,g>de became also !   
resid5ce ( _! bi%ops2 & ! *ur* ( ,/4    
,ni*olas1 ! patron ( sailors1 :i* 0     
built 9 ! same t[n1 became ! ca!dral    
*ur* ( ! ,gre5l&]s4  ,z ! temporal      
jurisdiction 9 ,gre5l& 0 subject to !   
k+s ( ,norway1 s ! spiritual p[] ( !    
bi%ops 0 subord9ate to t ( ! ar*bi%ops (
 ,dron!im2 & ! bi%ops ( ,gre5l& are said
 frequ5tly to h pass$ ov] to ,norway1 9 
ord] to consult _! ecclesia/ical        
sup]ior4  ,! ,dani% ,*ronicle1 :i* 0 "o 

( ! e>ly docum5ts ^u :i* ,peyr]e f\nd$ 8
 n>rative1 relates1 t an insurrection   
broke out 9 ,gre5l&1 9 #abef1 :5 !      
inhabitants refus$ any long] to submit  
to ! tribut>y exactions ( ,magnus1 ,k+ (
 ,norway4 ,on ?is occasion1 ,eric1 ,k+ (
 ,d5m>k1 at ! reque/ ( ,magnus1 :o _h   
m>ri$ 8 niece1 equipp$ a naval armam5t 9
 ord] to quell ! rebels1 & re/ore !     
au?ority ( 8 nephew4 ,! ,gre5l&         
insurg5ts no soon] beheld ! flag ( !    
,dani% fleet approa*+ _! coa/ ?an !y 7  
/ruck ) a panic1 & su$ = peace4  ,?is   
peace 0 ratifi$ 9 ! ye> #abfa4 ,angrim  
,jonas1 :o records ! above-m5tion$      
transaction1 gives ! names ( ! ?ree     
pr9cipal inhabitants ( ,gre5l&1 :o sign$
 ! treaty 9 ,norway4 8,decl>antes10 says
 ,angrim1 z quot$ by ,peyr]e1 8suis     
factum auspiciis ut ,gro5l&i p]petuum   
tributum ,norveguo d5uo jurass5t40 ,"u  
_! auspices ! ,gre5l&]s _h be5 aga9     
br\ght to swe> to pay a p]petual tribute
 to ! ,norwegian4  ,9 compos+ 8 acc\nt (
 anci5t ,gre5l&1 ,peyr]e d]iv$ 8        

pr9cipal in=mation f an ,icel&ic & a    
,dani% ,*ronicle4 ,! fir/ 0 ! production
 ( ,snorro ,/urleson1 :o 0 a native (   
,icel&1 & *ief ju/ici>y ( t isl& 9      
#abae4 ,we are also indebt$ to him = !  
compilation ( ! ,edda4  ,9 ! ,icel&ic   
,*ronicle above-m5tion$1 :i* appe>s to  
be a tissue ( diff]5t n>ratives1 "o ( ! 
*apt]s is entitl$1 a ,description (     
,gre5l&1 :i* ,peyr]e has copi$ into 8   
acc\nt z lit]ally z ! diff]5ce (        
languages w\ld admit4 ,!re is a simil>  
description 9 ,torfu 7p4 #db1 c471 )    
p>ticul> b unimportant v>iations4 ,bo? !
 acc\nts are f\nd$ on ! au?ority ( ,iv> 
,b]t or ,iv> ,bevius1 :o _h1 = sev]al   
ye>s1 be5 /ew>d or maitre d'hotel to !  
,bi%op ( ,g>de1 & 0 "o ( ! p]sons :o _h 
be5 select$ by ! gov]nor to expel !     
,skrell+s f ! ,we/]n prov9ce ( ,gre5l&  
or ,we/]bygdt1 :i* !y _h invad$ &       
depopulat$4  ,p]haps x w be be/ to ins]t
 ?is description ( ,ea/]n ,gre5l&1 :i* 0
 ! mo/ fl\ri%+ settlem5t ( ! ,norwegians
 9 ?is c\ntry1 z x is f\nd 9 ! n>rative 

( ,peyr]e1 & 9 ! hi/ory ( ,torfu4 ,if ! 
skill1 ! philan?ropy1 & ! ent]prize ( "s
 ,engli% navigators %\ld ev] obta9 an   
access to ?is long lo/ settlem5t1 & !   
passage %\ld aga9 become z safe &       
practicable z x 0 9 anci5t times1 x w be
 an int]e/+ rese>* to comp>e ! pres5t   
/ate ( ?is di/rict ) ! e>ly acc\nts4  ,!
 mo/ ,ea/]n t[n 9 ,gre5l&1 says ,iv>    
,b]t1 z exhibit$ 9 ! ,fr5* v]sion (     
,peyr]e1 is call$ ,skagefiord#f1 :]e is 
an un9habitable rock1 & f>!r out 9 ! sea
 is a %oal1 :i* prev5ts %ips f ent]+ !  
bay1 except at high wat]1 & x is at ?is 
"t1 or dur+ a viol5t /orm1 t numb]s (   
:ales & ( o!r fi% ent] ! bay & are      
caught 9 abundance4  ,z y proce$ a      
little high] t[>ds ! ,ea/1 !re is a port
 call$ ,funkabadir1 f ! "n ( a page or  
mission>y ( ,/4 ,olave1 ,k+ ( ,norway1  
:o1 ) sev]al o!r p]sons1 suff]$ %ipwreck
 at t spot#g4  ,9 a /ill high] latitude1
 & close to ! m\nta9s ( ice1 or1 z      
,torfu says1 8propius ,alpes10 is an    
isl&1 nam$ ,roans5 or ,ranseya#h1 :i*1 9

 e>ly times1 appe>s to h be5 celebrat$ =
 ! quantity ( animals1 p>ticul>ly ( :ite
 be>s1 :i* x furni%$ = ! *ace4 ,torfu   
says1 t ^! :ite be>s 7 n to be hunt$ )\t
 leave ( ! bi%op4 ,beyond ?is spot ! l& 
& ocean are said to pres5t no?+ b an    
accumulation ( sn[ & ice4  ,to ! ,we/ ( 
,h]jolfsness is ,k9dilfiord1 or1 z      
,peyr]e spells x1 ,h9delfiord1 :i* is   
describ$ z a cultivat$ & well peopl$    
bay4 ,^u ! "r1 z y ent] ! bay1 !re is a 
*ur*1 call$ ,krokskirk or ,korskirk1 ) a
 mona/]y consecrat$ to ,/4 ,olave & to  
,/4 ,augu/91 ! doma9 ( :i* ext5ds to    
,pet]svic1 :]e !re are num]\s           
habitations4 ,x also possesses !        
t]ritory on ! opposite side ( ! bay4    
,next to ,k9dilfiord is ,rumpes9fiord1  
or ,rumpey>fiord#i1 9 an int]ior recess 
( :i* !re is a conv5t1 d$icat$ to ,/4   
,olave1 :i* is propriet>y ( ! :ole      
di/rict to ! %ore ( ! bay4 ,?is bay     
conta9s _m holms or little isl&s1 !     
prop]ty ( :i* ! mona/]y divides ) !     
episcopal see4 ,num]\s hot spr+s are    

f\nd 9 ^! isl&s1 ( :i* bo? ,peyr]e &    
,torfu say1 t !y are s hot z to be      
inaccessible dur+ ! w9t]1 b t 9 summ] ! 
temp]ature is s mu* r$uc$1 t !y become !
 resort ( _m p]sons 9 a div]sity (      
maladies4  ,next to ,rumpes9fiord1 is   
,e9>sfiord1 & betwe5 !m is a l>ge       
mansion1 nam$ ,fos1 fit = a k+ or 8regi 
compet5s0 9 ! language ( ,torfu#aj4 ,"h 
is also a l>ge *ur* d$icat$ to ,/4      
,ni*olas4 ,z y ent] ,lunesfiord1 to !   
left1 !re is a little promontory call$  
,kl9+2 & beyond x an arm ( ! sea1       
d5om9at$ ,grantvi*4 ,f>!r 9 ! int]ior is
 a h\se#aa1 nam$ ,dall]1 :i* belongs to 
! bi%op's see4 ,! ca!dral is at ! end ( 
! bay4 ,"h is a l>ge wood1 9 :i* cattle 
are left to br[se4  ,! :ole (           
,lunesfiord1 ) ! l>ge isl& :i* is call$ 
,l9seya by ,torfu1 ,reyats5 by ,peyr]e1 
is appropriat$ to ! ca!dral4 ,?is "p    
ab\nds ) re9 de]1 :i* are hunt$ ) !     
cons5t ( ! bi%op4 ,! isl& ( ,reyats5    
conta9s a species ( /one or m>ble1 out (
 :i* !y cut b[ls1 jugs1 & diff]5t k9ds (

 cul9>y vessels1 :i* possess ! prop]ty (
 resi/+ ! fire4  ,m to ! ,we/ is an isl&
 nam$ ,lang5t1 :]e !re are eight        
f>ms#ab4 ,9 ! vic9ity is ,ericsfiord2 & 
at ! entrance ( ?is arm ( ! sea !re is  
an isl& call$ ,h]riev51 or ! ,h>b\r ( ! 
,"l1 half ( :i* belongs to ! bi%op's    
see1 & ! o!r half to ! *ur*1 :i* is     
call$ ,diurnes1 :i* is se5 on ent]+     
,ericsfiord#ac4  ,! c\ntry1 says        
,peyr]e1 copy+ ! ,icel&ic ,*ronicle1 is 
unpeopl$ & des]t betwe5 ! ,o/]bygdt &   
,we/]bygdt2 & ^u ! bord]s ( ?is des]t   
!re is a *ur*1 call$ ,/rosnes1 :i* 0    
=m]ly ! metropolitan see1 & ! resid5ce (
 ! bi%ops ( ,gre5l&4 ,! ,we/]bygdt is   
repres5t$ z occupi$ by ! ,skrell+s#ad4  
,?is "p ( ! c\ntry is describ$ z        
possess+ horses1 ox51 %eep1 goats1 & o!r
 animals1 b no human be+s1 ei!r ,*ri/ian
 or ,pagan4  ,su* is ! acc\nt :i* is    
giv5 ( ! anci5t /ate ( ,gre5l& by ,iv>  
,b]t1 ! au?or ( ! ,*ronicle1 :i* is     
m5tion$ above1 & 9 :i*1 if !re be "s    
inaccurate repres5tation1 !re is        

probably m tru?4  ,peyr]e rem>ks1 t !   
,icel&ic ,*ronicle is incorrect 9       
describ+ ! *ur* ( ,/rosnes z ! episcopal
 see1 s9ce t hon\r always belong$ to !  
t[n ( ,g>de4 ,! ,dani% ,*ronicle1 :il/  
regrett+ ! int]ruption ( ! communication
 ) ,gre5l&1 assures u1 t1 if ! episcopal
 resid5ce ( ,g>de#ae 7 /ill /&+ &       
accessible1 we %\ld f9d a great numb] ( 
docum5ts = a complete & au!ntic hi/ory (
 ,gre5l&4  ,! ,icel& ,*ronicle1 accord+ 
to ,peyr]e1 gives a v>y+ & inconsi/5t   
acc\nt ( ! f]tility ( ,gre5l&4 ,9 "o "p 
x says1 t ! c\ntry furni%es ! be/ corn  
:i* is to be f\nd 9 any "p ( ! _w2 & t !
 oaks are ( su* va/ bulk1 & su* /ately  
gr[?1 t !y produce acorns z l>ge z      
apples4 ,b 9 ano!r passage ! same       
,*ronicle affirms1 t no se$ ( any k9d1  
:i* is s[n 9 ,gre5l&1 w gr[ on acc\nt ( 
! cold2 & t ! inhabitants are unacqua9t$
 ) ! use ( bread4 ,! latt] "p ( ?is     
acc\nt h>monizes ) t ( ! ,dani%         
,*ronicle1 :i* affirms1 t :5 ! c\ntry 0 
fir/ discov]$ by ,eric ! ,r$1 ! /]ility 

( ! soil oblig$ him to subsi/ entirely  
^u fi%4  ,b 9 ! same ,dani% ,*ronicle1  
:i* has j be5 m5tion$1 we f9d x ass]t$1 
t1 aft] ! dea? ( ,eric1 8 successors1 :o
 p5etrat$ f>!r into ! c\ntry1 discov]$  
"s f]tile spots betwe5 ! m\nta9s1 & fit 
ei!r = pa/ure or tillage4 ,! ,icel&ic   
,*ronicle contradicts itself :5 x says1 
t no?+ w gr[ 9 ,gre5l& ow+ to ! int5sity
 ( ! cold4 ,peyr]e also rem>ks1 t t "p (
 ,gre5l&1 :i* 0 peopl$ by ! ,norwegians1
 is 9 ! same latitude z ,upl&1 :i* is ! 
mo/ f]tile prov9ce 9 ,sw$51 & produces  
f9e crops ( gra94 ,& ! ,icel&ic         
,*ronicle itself says1 9 ano!r place1 t 
! cold 9 ,gre5l& is n s great z 9       
,norway2 & v good corn is gr[n 9 t      
c\ntry4  ,gre5l&1 says ,peyr]e1 l o!r   
c\ntries1 :i* are compos$ ( pla9s &     
m\nta9s1 exhibits great div]sities (    
soil1 & ?\gh ! close approximation to ! 
f>!/ ,nor?1 9 _m situations1 de/roys !  
process ( vegetation1 yet !re appe> to  
be localities1 :i* are by no means      
de/itute ( f]tility4 ,!re are pa/ures   

possess+ excell5t h]bage2 & among/ !    
animals1 :i* contribute to ! subsi/5ce (
 man1 or to o!r uses1 we f9d#af %eep1   
ox51 horses1 re9 de]1 /ags1 & h>es2 & ( 
! m savage animals1 we f9d wolves1      
foxes1 & an abundance ( :ite & black    
be>s4 ,! ,icel&ic ,*ronicle m5tions     
beav]s & m>t5s4  ,peyr]e adds#ag1 t grey
 & :ite falcons ab\nd m "h ?an 9 any o!r
 "p ( ! _w4 ,! sup]ior excell5ce ( ^!   
birds caus$ !m to be =m]ly s5t to ! k+s 
( ,d5m>k1 :o made pres5ts ( !m to ! k+s 
& pr9ces 9 ! neighb\r+ c\ntries1 :5     
falconry con/itut$ "o ( ! amusem5ts ( ! 
great4  ,! above-m5tion$ au?or1 :o wrote
 9 ! middle ( ! sev5te5? c5tury#ah1     
says1 t 9 ,gre5l& nature produces a     
s+ul> ph5om5on1 :i* is describ$ z a sort
 ( miracle 9 ! ,icel&ic ,*ronicle4 ,?is 
ph5om5on is no o!r ?an :at is commonly  
call$ ! ,nor!rn ,lights4 ,^! lights are 
m5tion$ z appe>+ m p>ticul>ly ab\t ! "t 
( ! new moon2 & illum9at+ ! :ole c\ntry1
 z mu* z if ! moon 7 at ! full4 8,!     
light is m bright10 says ,peyr]e1 89    

proportion z ! night is m d>k40  ,!     
,dani% ,*ronicle1 :i* is quot$ by       
,peyr]e1 relates1 t 9 ! ye> #abga a     
viol5t hurricane f ! ,nor? ,ea/ drove a 
va/ accumulation ( ice ^u ! coa/ (      
,icel&1 :i* 0 cov]$ ) s _m be>s & s mu* 
wood t x l$ to ! supposition1 t !       
t]ritory ( ,gre5l& 0 ext5d$ m to ! ,nor?
 ,ea/ ?an _h be5 hi!rto imag9$4 ,?is    
circum/ance tempt$ "s ,nor!rn sailors to
 attempt ! discov]y1 b !y f\nd no?+ b   
ice4 ,! k+s ( ,norway & ,d5m>k _h long  
be=e ?is fitt$ out %ips = ! same        
purpose1 b )\t any m success ?an !      
,icel&]s _h exp]i5c$4 ,! pr9cipal       
incitem5t to ^! voyages 0 a receiv$     
op9ion1 or tradition>y report1 t ?is    
c\ntry conta9$ num]\s ve9s ( gold1 (    
silv]1 & preci\s /ones4  ,! ,dani%      
,*ronicle pret5ds1 t "s adv5tur\s       
m]*ants =m]ly amass$ a l>ge treasure by 
^! exp$itions4 ,b regions ( silv] & gold
 h always be5 among/ ! fav\rite         
illusions ( mank9d2 & ! imag9ation has  
revell$ 9 vision>y m9es ( ! preci\s     

metals1 n only 9 ! ,s\? b 9 ! ,nor?2 &  
bo? at ! ,equator & ! ,pole4  ,9 ! "t ( 
,/4 ,olave1 ,k+ ( ,norway1 "s sailors f 
,friesl&1 incit$ by ! ?ir/ ( gold1 are  
said to h und]tak5 a voyage to ! ,nor?  
,ea/]n extremity ( ,gre5l&2 b1 in/ead ( 
return+ home ) m\nta9s ( weal?1 !y 7    
happy to escape ! fury ( ! w9ds on ?is  
rocky coa/1 9 any mis]able asylum :i* !y
 c\ld f9d4  ,! ,dani% ,*ronicle1 :i* is 
a mixture ( tru? & fable1 adds1 t !     
,friesl&]s1 hav+ made a l&+ ^u ! coa/1  
discov]$ "s wret*$ cab9s j ris+ above ! 
e>?1 ar\nd :i* lay heaps ( gold & silv] 
ore4 ,ea* ( ! sailors help$ himself to z
 mu* z he c\ld c>ry away4 ,b1 :5 !y 7   
retreat+ to ! %ore1 9 ord] to re-emb>k )
 _! treasure1 !y saw "s human =ms1 z    
ugly z devils1 issu+ out ( _! e>!n huts1
 arm$ ) b[s & arr[s1 & accompani$ ) dogs
 ( va/ size4 ,be=e all ! sailors c\ld   
rea* ! %ore "s ( !m 7 seiz$ by ^!       
frightful ar*]s1 :o tore !m limb f limb 
)9 sight ( _! companions4 ,! ,dani%     
,*ronicle adds1 t ?is region is s ri* t 

x is peopl$ only by devils4  ,peyr]e    
tells u1 t "o ( ! *apt]s 9 ! ,icel&ic   
,*ronicle describes ! anci5t r\te betwe5
 ,norway & ,gre5l&1 be=e ! navigation 0 
r5d]$ impracticable by ! desc5t (       
accumulat$ m\nta9s ( ice f a m remote   
po9t ( ! ,nor?4 ,b :at is m5tion$       
conc]n+ ?is r\te conta9s no?+ v def9ite 
or satisfactory4  ,! above-m5tion$      
,icel&ic ,*ronicle has ano!r *apt] on ! 
affairs ( ,gre5l&1 transcrib$ f an old  
book entitl$ ,speculum ,regale4 ,?is    
*apt] describes "s m>9e mon/]s ( enorm\s
 dim5sions1 :i* 7 =m]ly se5 ^u ! coa/ ( 
,gre5l&4 ,! ,norwegians call$ ! fir/ (  
^! prodigies ,haff/ramb2 & speak ( x z  
%[+ itself brea/ high above ! waves4 ,x 
resembl$ ! human =m 9 ! neck1 head1     
visage1 nose1 & m\?1 except t ! head 0 m
 ?an usually elevat$1 & t]m9at+ 9 a     
po9t4 ,x _h wide %\ld]s1 at ! end ( :i* 
7 two /umps ( arms1 )\t any h&s4 ,! body
 tap]$ d[nw>ds1 b x 0 nev] visible bel[ 
! middle4 ,x _h a froz5 look4 ,! em]sion
 ( ?is phantasm above ! waves 0 ! signal

 ( a hurricane4  ,! second mon/] receiv$
 ! appellation ( ,m>gugu]4 ,x resembl$ !
 female =m z f> z ! middle4 ,x _h l>ge  
brea/s & di%evell$ hair2 its /umps (    
arms 7 t]m9at$ by l>ge h&s1 ! f+]s ( :i*
 7 unit$ by a web l ! toes ( a goose4 ,x
 has be5 se5 hold+ fi% 9 its h&s1 &     
putt+ !m into its m\?4 ,its appe>ance   
always presag$ "s viol5t /orm4 ,if x    
turn$ its eye to ! sailors1 :5 x plung$ 
into ! wat]1 x 0 a sign1 t !y w\ld n    
suff] %ipwreck2 b1 if x turn$ its back1 
x 0 a sure om51 t !y w\ld p]i% 9 ! deep4
  ,! ?ird ph5om5on receiv$ ! "n (       
,hafgi]d+u]1 :i* 0 n prop]ly a mon/]1 b 
consi/$ ( ?ree l>ge bodies or m\nta9s ( 
wat]1 :i* ! tempe/ impell$ into t =m2 & 
:51 un=tunately1 any %ips happ5$ to     
become engag$ 9 ! triangul> surface1 :i*
 ^! ?ree m\nta9s =m$1 !re 0 b little    
*ance ( _! escape4 ,?is m>9e mon/]      
appe>s to h be5 eng5d]$ by /rong curr5ts
 conflict+ ) oppos+ w9ds1 :i* sudd5ly   
arise & swall[ up ! vessels :i* happ5 to
 be )9 ! %ock ( ^! furi\s elem5ts4  ,!  

,dani% ,hi/ory relates1 t 9 ! ye> #acdh1
 a great pe/il5ce1 :i* 0 call$ ! black  
plague1 depopulat$ a great "p ( ! ,nor?4
 ,x c>ri$ (f mo/ ( ! sailors & m]*ants (
 ,norway & ,d5m>k :o 7 engag$ 9 ! trade 
betwe5 ,gre5l& & ^? k+doms4 ,ab\t ?is   
p]iod ! navigation to ,gre5l& became    
less frequ5t1 & ! traffic began to be   
discont9u$4 ,b ! le>n$ ,wormius assur$  
,peyr]e1 t he _h read 9 a ,dani%        
manuscript1 t d[n to ! ye> #adhd !re 0 a
 company ( m ?an =ty sailors1 at ,b]g51 
9 ,norway1 :o w5t e ye> to ,gre5l& &    
br\ght back "s valuable products4 ,"s   
,g]man m]*ants _h come to ,b]g5 = !     
purpose ( pur*as+ ^! products1 :i* !    
,gre5l&m5 7 n will+ to dispose (2 & x is
 add$1 t ! ,g]mans1 res5t+ ?is          
disappo9tm5t1 invit$ ! ,gre5l& trad]s to
 a supp]1 at :i* !y put !m trea*]\sly to
 dea?4 ,b1 z ,peyr]e rem>ks1 ?is acc\nt 
has n mu* appe>ance ( tru?2 nor is x    
probable1 t ! navigation betwe5 ,gre5l& 
& ,norway 01 at ?is p]iod1 s op5 z !    
above details w\ld induce u to suppose4 

,^? details are1 besides1 refut$ by !   
foll[+ facts4  ,! rev5ue accru+ f !     
prov9ce ( ,gre5l& 01 9 anci5t times1    
appropriat$ to ! dome/ic exp5ses ( !    
,norwegian k+2 & no "o c\ld g to ,gre5l&
 )\t ! royal p]mission1 ^u pa9 ( dea?4  
,9 ! ye> #achi1 ,h5ry1 ,bi%op ( ,g>de1 9
 ,gre5l&1 emb>k$ = ,d5m>k1 & 0 pres5t at
 ! meet+ ( ! ,/ates ( t k+dom1 :i* 7    
held at ,fun5 9 ! reign ( ,que5 ,m>g>et1
 :o unit$ ! k+doms ( ,d5m>k & ( ,norway 
"u ! same cr[n4 ,at ?is "t "s ,norwegian
 m]*ants1 :o _h gone to ,gre5l& )\t     
leave1 7 accus$ ( hav+ purlo9$ ! rev5ue 
:i* 0 res]v$ = ! exp5diture ( ! que54 ,!
 que5 %[$ no l5ity t[>ds ^! m]*ants1 &  
w\ld h proce$$ to take away _! lives1 if
 !y _h n made oa? ^u ! ,holy ,evangeli/s
 t _! voyage to ,gre5l& 0 unprem$itat$1 
& t !y 7 =c$ to t de/9ation by ! viol5ce
 ( a sudd5 /orm4 ,!y alleg$ t !y _h     
br\ght back only commodities :i* !y _h  
pur*as$1 & t !y _h n 9 ! lea/ int]f]$ ) 
! rev5ue belong+ to ! que54 ,!y 7       
accord+ly set at lib]ty2 b ! dang] :i*  

!y _h escap$1 & ! m rigor\s prohibitions
 :i* 7 issu$1 prev5t$ any o!r           
individuals f t "t f attempt+ to c>ry on
 any traffic ) ! int]dict$ coa/4  ,"s "t
 aft] ?is ! que5 h]self dispat*$ "s     
vessels to ,gre5l&2 b ( :i* no tid+s 7  
ev] receiv$2 & !y mu/ consequ5tly h     
p]i%$4 ,?is disa/r\s exp$ition          
contribut$ to put an end to ! int]c\rse 
) ,gre5l&2 & ! que5 hav+ h] att5tion    
occupi$ by h] ho/ilities ) ,sw$51 lo/   
sight ( ?is remote colony1 or left x to 
its fate4  ,! ,dani% ,*ronicle relates1 
t 9 ! ye> #adjf1 ,eskild1 ,ar*bi%op (   
,dron!im1 wi%+ to ex]cise ! same        
ecclesia/ical au?ority ov] ,gre5l&1 :i* 
8 pr$ecessors _h done1 s5t a prelate    
nam$ ,&rew1 9 ord] to succe$ ,h5ry1 9 ! 
see ( ,g>de1 if he 7 dead1 or to convey 
"s intellig5ce conc]n+ him if he 7 liv+4
 ,no?+ m 0 ev] he>d ( ,bi%op ,&rew1 aft]
 8 emb>kation = ,gre5l&2 nor 7 any f>!r 
tid+s ev] receiv$ ( ,h5ry1 ,bi%op (     
,g>de4 ,aft] ?is1 ! int]c\rse betwe5    
,norway or ,d5m>k & ,gre5l&1 suff]$ an  

int]ruption f t p]iod to ! pres5t2 nor  
is !re mu* probability t x w ev] be     
r5ew$4  ,que5 ,m>g>et 0 succe$$1 ^u !   
?rone ( ,d5m>k1 by ,erick1 ( ,pom]ania1 
:o gave himself little tr\ble ab\t a    
settlem5t s remote z t ( ,gre5l&4 ,8    
successor1 ,*ri/oph] ( ,bav>ia1 0       
employ$ dur+ 8 :ole reign 9 mak+ w> ^u !
 ,pom]anians4  ,! h\se ( ,old5burg began
 its reign 9 ,d5m>k 9 ! ye> #addh4      
,*ri/ian1 :o 0 ! fir/ sov]eign ( t race1
 & ( t "n1 neglect$ 8 dom9ions 9 ! ,nor?
 9 ord] to turn 8 att5tion to ! ,s\?4   
,he made a pilgrimage to ,rome1 :]e he  
obta9$ f ! ,pope a grant ( ! c\ntry (   
,ditm>%1 & p]mission to e/abli% an      
academy at ,cop5hag54  ,*ri/ian ,i 0    
succe$$ by ,*ri/ian ,,ii1 :o1 at ! p]iod
 ( 8 coronation1 b\nd himself by a      
solemn promise to make e possible       
ex]tion to re/ore ! int]c\rse betwe5    
,d5m>k & ,gre5l&1 & to recov] t         
settlem5t4 ,b ?is mon>*1 in/ead (       
recov]+ :at 8 pr$ecessors _h lo/1       
himself lo/ "p ( :at !y _h possess$4 ,8 

tyrannical b>b>ities caus$ him to be    
expell$ f ,sw$51 :i* ,que5 ,m>g>et _h   
unit$ ) ! ,dani% & ,norwegian cr[n4 ,f  
,sw$5 ,*ri/ian ,,ii retir$ into ,d5m>k2 
b ! same conduct :i* _h occasion$ 8     
expulsion by ! ,sw$es1 soon l$ to 8     
deposition by ! ,danes4 ,x is on ?is    
acc\nt t he is repres5t$ ) a %iv]$      
sceptre among/ ! ,dani% k+s4  ,eric     
,valk&or1 :o _h be5 *ancellor to        
,*ri/ian ,,ii1 & 0 a ,dani% g5tleman (  
great & g5]\s s5tim5ts1 _h be5 made     
,ar*bi%op ( ,dron!im4 ,aft] ! disgrace (
 8 ma/]1 he retir$ to 8 ar*iepiscopal   
see1 :]e he ex]t$ himself ) great zeal &
 activity 9 ord] to r5ew ! communication
 ) ,gre5l&1 & to discov] ! fate ( t     
anci5t settlem5t4 ,?is le>n$ prelate    
made x 8 bus9ess to read all ! books 9  
:i* x 0 m5tion$1 to exam9e all ! m]*ants
 & m>9]s :o _h any k ( x2 & he also     
caus$ a *>t to be =m$ ( ! r\te :i* 0    
suppos$ to h be5 obs]v$4 ,he 0 on ! po9t
 ( putt+ 8 projects 9 execution1 :51 be+
 suspect$ ( fav\r+ ! cause ( ! depos$   

mon>*1 he 0 depriv$ ( 8 ar*bi%oprick1 & 
bani%$ f ! ,norwegian t]ritory4 ,!      
b5evol5t s*eme1 :i* he _h =m$1 0 ?us    
disconc]t$2 & ! hopes1 :i* _h be5       
excit$1 vani%$ 9 disappo9tm5t4 ,! good  
,ar*bi%op ,valc&or retir$ to ,rome1 :]e 
he end$ 8 days4  ,fr$]ick ,i 0 succe$$  
by ,*ri/ian ,,iii1 :o _h an exp$ition   
fitt$ out = ! discov]y ( ! lo/ settlem5t
 9 ,gre5l&2 b ?is prov$ z abortive z    
simil> attempts _h previ\sly be54 ,?is  
mon>* n[ repeal$ ! ord9ances :i* 8      
pr$ecessors _h e/abli%$1 by :i* all     
communication ) ,gre5l& _h be5 /rictly  
prohibit$1 )\t a special p]mission f !  
cr[n4 ,! int]c\rse 0 n[ r5d]$ free1 )\t 
any limitations or re/ra9ts4 ,b ?is act 
( royal grace came too late to be ( any 
use2 = ! ,norwegians at ?is p]iod _h    
deg5]at$ f ! ent]priz+ val\r ( _!       
ance/ors2 & !y 71 at ! same "t1 s       
impov]i%$ t !y did n possess ! means (  
equipp+ any vessels = su* a difficult & 
haz>d\s und]tak+4  ,fr$]ick ,,ii        
ent]ta9$ ! same project z 8 fa!r1       

,*ri/ian ,,iii1 & he dispat*$ ,magnus   
,heign+s5 to attempt ! discov]y (       
,gre5l&4 ,?is ,magnus ,heign+s51 if !   
relation be n fabul\s1 actually discov]$
 ! long lo/ l&1 b 0 prev5t$ by !        
op]ation ( "s my/]i\s cause f rea*+ !   
%ore4 ,8 %ip1 )\t any visible cause1 0  
/opp$ 9 its c\rse1 ?\gh 9 ! mid/ ( deep 
wat] & a fre% breeze1 )\t any ob/ruction
 f ! ice4 ,z ?is ,magnus ,heign+s5 c\ld 
n advance any f>!r he 0 happy to be able
 to retreat2 & he accord+ly sail$ back  
to ,d5m>k4 ,:5 he got back to t c\ntry  
he publi%$ an acc\nt ( :at _h happ5$ to 
8 %ip2 & pret5d$ t its f>!r progress _h 
be5 /opp$ by a great load/one at !      
bottom ( ! sea4  ,! ,dani% ,*ronicle1 ( 
:i* ,peyr]e has made su* lib]al use1    
gives ! foll[+ acc\nt ( ! exp$ition (   
,sir ,m>t9 ,frobi%] to ,gre5l& 9 #aegf4 
,frobi%] set sail f ,engl& 9 ! ye> j    
m5tion$1 & discov]$ ! coa/ ( ,new       
,gre5l&1 b did n make any l&+ till he   
return$ ) ano!r exp$ition 9 ! foll[+    
spr+4 ,! inhabitants ( t "p ( ! coa/ :]e

 he disemb>k$1 ab&on$ _! dwell+s1 & fl$ 
9 diff]5t directions at ! approa* ( !   
,engli%4 ,! al>m ( "s ( ^! natives      
appe>s to h be5 s great t !y clamb]$ up 
to ! tops ( "s rocky precipices1 f :i*  
!y ?rew !mselves into ! sea4  ,!        
,engli%1 :o f\nd x impossible to allay !
 suspicions1 or conciliate ! confid5ce (
 ^! savages1 took possession ( ! huts   
:i* !y _h des]t$4 ,!y 71 9 fact1 t5ts   
=m$ ( sealsk9s1 /ret*$ ^u f\r poles1 &  
sew$ toge!r ) s9ews in/ead ( ?read4 ,all
 ^! t5ts _h two entrances1 "o ( :i*     
front$ ! ,we/1 & ! o!r ! ,s\?2 b !y 7   
clos$ aga9/ ! w9ds f ! ,ea/ & ! ,nor?1  
by :i* !y 7 liable to be ! mo/          
incommod$4  ,! ,engli% discov]$ 9 ^!    
cab9s only an anci5t matron1 :o appe>$ a
 picture ( hide\s de=mity1 & a "y woman1
 :o 0 9 ! family way1 & _h a little *ild
 hold+ h] h&4 ,^! two la/ !y c>ri$ (f1  
reg>dless ( ! opposition ( ! old beldam1
 :o set up a frightful h[l4 ,dep>t+ f   
?is po9t1 !y /e]$ along ! ,ea/]n coa/1  
:]e !y beheld a m>9e mon/] z l>ge z an  

ox1 ) a horn project+ f ! sn\t ( m ?an  
two y>ds 9 l5g?1 :i* !y took = !        
unicorn4 ,proce$+ 9 a ,nor?-ea/         
direction1 !y l&$ on ano!r "p ( ! coa/ (
 ,gre5l&1 :i* !y discov]$ to be subject 
to e>?quakes1 t ?rew great rocks d[n    
into ! pla94 ,"h !y f\nd "s gravel      
ab\nd+1 z !y imag9$1 ) p>ticles ( gold1 
( :i* !y c>ri$ (f a consid]able         
quantity4  ,!y sp>$ no pa9s to          
conciliate ! natives ( ?is "p ( ! coa/1 
:o !mselves made a %[ ( a desire to     
ma9ta9 an amicable correspond5ce4 ,b ^! 
demon/rations ( fri5d%ip appe> to h be5 
design$ only to put ! ,engli% (f _!     
gu>d2 =1 :5 ,frobi%] _h l&$1 he 0       
sudd5ly attack$ by a body ( savages1 :o 
_h conceal$ !mselves beh9d a bank = t   
purpose4 ,he retreat$ to ! %ore & elud$ 
_! ma*9ations4 ,! savages1 h[ev]1 /ill  
imag9$ t ! /rang]s might be caught 9 !  
sn>e2 & 9 ord] to entrap !m1 !y scatt]$ 
pieces ( raw fle% along ! %ore1 z !y    
w\ld h done to allure dogs4 ,f9d+ ?is   
attempt fail1 !y _h rec\rse to ano!r    

/ratagem4 ,!y c>ri$ a lame man1 or at   
lea/ "o :o feign$ to be lame1 d[n to !  
sea-side2 &1 hav+ left him !re1 !y w5t  
away & kept !mselves entirely out (     
sight4 ,!y suppos$ t ! ,engli% w\ld make
 an attempt to c>ry (f ?is lame man 9   
ord] to s]ve !m z an int]pret]1 or to   
procure "s intellig5ce by 8 means4 ,b   
,frobi%]1 :o suspect$ "s deception1     
ord]$ a %ot to be fir$ ov] 8 head1 :5 he
 in/antly sprung up ^u 8 legs & ran away
 ) precipitate velocity4  ,! savages n[ 
appe>$ 9 great numb]s1 & assail$ !      
,engli% ) a %[] ( arr[s & /ones2 b !y 7 
soon repuls$ by a dis*>ge ( great &     
small guns4  ,! native ,gre5l&]s are    
repres5t$ z p]fidi\s & cruel1 nei!r to  
be s(t5$ by c>esses nor mov$ by b5efits4
 ,?is1 h[ev]1 is ! "* ( v imp]fect k &  
limit$ obs]vation4 ,!y are describ$ z   
plump 9 _! appe>ance1 active 9 _! limbs1
 & ) an aspect ( olive hue4 ,"s ( !m are
 report$ to be z black z negroes4 ,_!   
clo!s are made out ( ! sk9 ( ! seal1 &  
sew$ ) s9ews4 ,! wom5 we> _! hair loose1

 b ?r[ x back beh9d _! e>s 9 ord] to %[ 
! face1 :i* !y pa9t blue & yell[4 ,!y   
we> no petticoats1 b %ort tr\s]s made ( 
fi%-sk91 drawn "o ov] ! o!r2 9 ! pockets
 ( :i* !y c>ry _! knives1 little        
mirrors1 & ! work+ mat]ials1 :i* !y     
procure f =eign]s or obta9 f ! wrecks   
:i* may happ5 ^u _! coa/s4 ,! %irts or  
*emises ( bo? sexes are made f !        
inte/9es ( fi%1 & sew$ ) f9e s9ews4 ,!y 
we> _! clo!s loose1 & gird !m ) a belt  
made ( fi%-sk94 ,!y are disgu/+ly dirty1
 & cov]$ ) v]m94 ,_! crit]ion ( weal? is
 ! numb] ( b[s & arr[s1 ( sl+s1 boats1 &
 o>s1 :i* an individual may possess4 ,_!
 b[s are small1 _! arr[s ?9 & arm$ at ! 
end ) a %>p po9t ( bone or horn4 ,!y are
 exp]t 9 ! use ( ! b[ & ! sl+2 & 9 kill+
 fi% ) ! spe>4 ,_! little boats are     
cov]$ ) sealsk91 & c hold only "o man4  
,b !y h l>g] boats =m$ ( wood1 cov]$ ) !
 sk9 ( ! :ale1 & :i* w c>ry tw5ty m54   
,_! sails are made ( ! same mat]ials z  
_! %irts2 or ( ! inte/9es ( fi% fa/5$   
toge!r by f9e s9ews4 ,& ?\gh !y make use

 ( no iron 9 ! con/ruction ( _! canoes  
or boats1 !y are put toge!r ) s mu*     
skill1 & s well compact$1 t 9 !m !y     
v5ture out into ! wide ocean ) p]fect   
security4 ,!y h no v5om\s reptiles or   
insects2 b are sometimes infe/$ ) sw>ms 
( gnats4 ,!y make use ( v l>ge dogs = ! 
purpose ( draw+ _! sl$ges4 ,all ! fre%  
wat] :i* !y possess !y procure f ! melt$
 sn[4  ,su* are ! pr9cipal p>ticul>s :i*
 are detail$ 9 ! ,dani% acc\nt (        
,frobi%]'s voyage4 ,we w n[ proce$ to   
relate "s attempts ( ! ,danes to r5ew _!
 int]c\rse ) ,gre5l&1 subsequ5t to ^?   
:i* h be5 previ\sly m5tion$1 & :i* prov$
 abortive4  ,*ri/ian ,,iv resolv$1 if   
possible1 to signalize 8 reign by !     
discov]y ( t lo/ settlem5t1 :i* 8 fa!r &
 gr&fa!r _h s\ght 9 va94 ,= ?is purpose 
he s5t = an exp]i5c$ m>9] f ,engl&1 :o  
_h ! reputation ( be+ well acqua9t$ ) ! 
,nor!rn ocean1 & ) ! r\te to ,gre5l&4   
,hav+ procur$ ?is skilful auxili>y1 ^:  
"n 0 ,john ,knight1 ! ,dani% mon>*      
equipp$ ?ree /\t %ips1 :i* he put "u !  

ord]s ( ,godske ,l9d5au1 :o sail$ f !   
,s\nd on ! break+ up ( ! ice 9 ! ye>    
#afje4 ,! ,engli%man1 :o 0 appo9t$ to ! 
comm& ( "o %ip1 hav+ rea*$ ! latitude he
 wi%$1 /e]$ 8 c\rse to ! ,s\? ,we/ 9    
ord] to avoid ! ice & to make ! l& )    
less risk4 ,! ,dani% admiral ,l9d5au1   
?9k+ t ! ,engli% capta9 0 deviat+ f ! "r
 track by keep+ to ! ,s\? ,we/1 cont9u$ 
8 r\te to ! ,nor? ,ea/1 & arriv$ on !   
coa/ ( ,gre5l& )\t ei!r ( ! o!r %ips4   
,admiral ,l9d5au _h no soon] come to an 
an*or1 ?an a numb] ( savages put (f _!  
boats f ! %ore to visit 8 %ip4 ,!       
admiral gave !m a v hospitable          
reception1 & made !m a pres5t ( "s w9e1 
:i*1 h[ev]1 0 n agreeable to _! ta/e2 & 
!y manife/$ signs ( _! dislike4 ,!y saw 
"s :ale oil1 :i* !y express$ a desire to
 h2 & x 0 accord+ly p\r$ out = !m 9 l>ge
 mugs1 :i* !y drank ) avidity & delight4
  ,^! savages possess$ a numb] ( sk9s ( 
! fox1 ! be>1 & ! seal1 ) _m horns 9    
pieces1 ends1 & trunks1 :i* !y ex*ang$ )
 ! ,danes = knives1 ne$les1             

look+-glasses1 & trifles ( diff]5t k9ds4
 ,!y %[$ no desire = gold or silv]      
money1 ! (f] ( :i* provok$ _! ridicule  
or excit$ _! contempt4 ,!y manife/$ on !
 o!r h& a passionate eag]ness = e       
article ( /eel manufacture1 :i* !y 7    
will+ to pur*ase by ! sacrifice ( _!    
greate/ valuables1 z ( _! b[s & arr[s1  
_! boats & o>s4 ,:5 !y _h no?+ m to (f] 
9 ex*ange1 !y /ripp$ !mselves to ! sk91 
& (f]$ to make away ) all ! clo!s !y    
possess$4  ,godske ,l9d5au rema9$ ?ree  
days 9 ! road1 b x is n said t he once  
w5t a%ore4 ,he 0 probably afraid ( tru/+
 ! lives ( ! small numb] ( p]sons he _h 
) him 9 ! mid/ ( su* a mass ( savages1  
by :om !y 7 s greatly outnumb]$4  ,he   
took 8 dep>ture ^u ! f\r? day2 b be=e he
 set sail he secur$ two ( ! natives on  
bo>d 8 %ip 9 ord] to c>ry !m to ,d5m>k2 
b !y made s _m viol5t ef=ts to escape1 t
 x became necess>y to secure !m by cords
 9 ord] to prev5t !m f plung+ into !    
sea4 ,:5 ! savages ^u ! bea* saw two (  
_! c\ntrym5 made prison]s & fa/5$ to !  

deck ( ! ,dani% vessel1 !y dis*>g$ a %[]
 ( /ones & arr[s ^u ! ,danes1 :o 7      
oblig$ to t]rify !m to a di/ance by fir+
 (f "o ( _! great guns4 ,! admiral      
return$ to ,d5m>k by himself1 )\t kn[+  
:at _h befall5 ! o!r two %ips1 ) :i* he 
_h orig9ally emb>k$4  ,! ,dani% acc\nt (
 ?is exp$ition says1 t ! ,engli% capta9 
) ! two ,dani% vessels1 :i* _h sep>at$ f
 t "u ,l9d5au1 rea*$ ! coa/ at ! ,s\!rn 
extremity ( ,gre5l&1 or ,cape ,f>ewell4 
,x is also c]ta9 t ! ,engli% comm&]     
ent]$ ,davis's ,/raits1 & coa/$ along ! 
%ore to ! ,ea/4 ,he discov]$ a numb] (  
good h>b\rs1 a f9e c\ntry1 & v]dant     
pla9s4 ,! savages 9 ?is "p ( ,gre5l&    
c>ri$ on "s traffic ) him2 z ^? ^u ! o!r
 side _h done ) ,l9d5au2 b !y exhibit$ m
 di/ru/2 = !y _h no soon] receiv$ !     
,dani% commodities 9 ex*ange = _! own   
?an !y took to _! boats ) z mu*         
precipitation z if !y 7 pursu$ by an    
enemy4  ,! ,danes arm$ !mselves = !     
purpose ( mak+ a l&+ 9 "o ( ! bays4 ,!  
soil1 :]e !y w5t a%ore1 appe>$ to be a  

mixture ( s& & rock1 l t ( ,norway4 ,"s 
fumes exhal$ f ! e>? made !m suppose t  
!re 7 m9es ( sulphur 9 ! neighb\rhood2 &
 !y f\nd _m pieces ( silv] ore1 :i*     
yield$ tw5ty-six ounces ( silv] to !    
hundr$ weight ( ore4  ,! ,engli% capta91
 :o discov]$ _m f9e h>b\rs or bays along
 ?is coa/1 gave !m ,dani% names1 & be=e 
8 dep>ture made a *>t ( :at he _h se54  
,he also direct$ f\r ( ! be/ =m$        
savages1 :om ! ,danes c\ld seize1 to be 
convey$ on bo>d 8 %ip4 ,"o ( ^! f\r     
natives became s outrage\s1 t ! ,danes1 
n be+ able to haul him along1 knock$ him
 on ! head ) ! b end ( _! muskets4 ,?is 
intimidat$ ! ?ree o!rs1 :o foll[$ )\t   
f>!r resi/ance4  ,b ! natives ( ! place1
 :o _h beheld "o ( _! companions put to 
dea?1 & ?ree made prison]s1 unit$       
!mselves 9 a body to av5ge ! "o & to    
rescue ! o!rs4 ,!y pursu$ ! ,danes to ! 
%ore 9 ord] to execute ^! resolutions1 &
 to prev5t _! emb>kation4 ,! ,danes1    
h[ev]1 sav$ !mselves & _! boats by a    
timely use ( _! fire-arms1 :i* diffus$  

great t]ror among ! enemy4 ,!y n[ made  
good _! retreat to _! %ips1 & return$ to
 ,d5m>k ) ! ?ree captur$ ,gre5l&]s1 :om 
!y pres5t$ to ! k+1 & :o 7 f\nd to be   
mu* bett] made & m civiliz$ ?an ^? :om  
,godske ,l9d5au _h import$4 ,!y also    
diff]$ 9 mann]s1 language1 & dress4  ,! 
,dani% mon>*1 :o 0 gratifi$ by ! result 
( ?is fir/ exp$ition1 dispat*$ ! same   
,admiral ,l9d5au to ,gre5l& ) five /\t  
vessels 9 ! foll[+ ye>1 #afjf4 ,he      
dep>t$ f ! ,s\nd ^u ! #h? ( ,may2 hav+  
on bo>d 8 %ip ! ?ree savages :om !      
,engli% capta9 _h convey$ away1 9 ord]  
to s]ve z int]pret]s & guides4 ,"o ( ^! 
savages fell sick & di$ dur+ ! voyage2 &
 8 body 0 ?r[n ov]bo>d4 ,godske ,l9d5au 
took ! same r\te :i* ! ,engli% capta9 _h
 obs]v$1 & pass$ by ,cape ,f>ewell into 
,davis's ,/raits4 ,"o ( 8 five %ips 0   
lo/ sight ( 9 a fog2 b ! f\r o!rs arriv$
 9 ,gre5l&4 ,! natives %[$ !mselves 9   
great numb]s ^u ! coa/1 b manife/$ no   
incl9ation to trade1 or to tru/ !       
,danes1 :o1 9 _! turn1 %[$ ! same want (

 confid5ce4 ,?is oblig$ ! latt] to      
proce$ high] up ! coa/1 :]e !y discov]$ 
a f9] h>b\r ?an t :i* !y _h left2 b !y  
f\nd ! natives z suspici\s & intractable
 z at ! =m] /ation1 & indicat+ a        
det]m9ation to resort to =ce if ! ,danes
 attempt$ to l&4  ,! ,danes1 n will+ to 
haz>d a l&+ 9 su* inauspici\s           
circum/ances1 sail$ to a great] di/ance4
 ,z !y proce$$ along ! coa/1 !y met "s (
 ! natives 9 _! canoes4 ,!y surpris$ six
 ( ^! at diff]5t times1 & took !m on    
bo>d along ) _! canoes & little         
equipm5ts4  ,! ,danes1 hav+ aft]w>ds ca/
 an*or 9 a ?ird bay1 "o ( ! att5dants ( 
,godske ,l9d5au1 :o 0 a h>dy & ent]pris+
 vet]an1 solicit$ ! p]mission ( 8 ma/]  
to proce$ alone to ! %ore1 9 ord] to    
reconnoitre ! l&1 &1 if possible1 to    
e/abli% "s int]c\rse ) ! savages4 ,b ?is
 un=tunate valet _h no soon] set 8 foot 
^u ! bea* ?an he 0 seiz$1 /abb$1 & hack$
 9 pieces by ! natives2 :o1 aft] ?is    
atrocity1 retir$ out ( ! rea* ( ! ,dani%
 guns4  ,^! savages _h knives & swords  

made ( ! horns or tee? ( t fi% :i* !y   
call unicorn1 & :i* !y gr\nd to an edge 
^u a /one2 nor 7 !y less %>p ?an if !y  
_h be5 made ( iron or /eel4  ,godske    
,l9d5au1 n f9d+ x practicable to e/abli%
 any amicable communication ) ! p ( ?is 
di/rict1 set sail = ,d5m>k2 b ( ! six   
,gre5l&]s :om he _h rec5tly =c$ on bo>d1
 "o 0 pi]c$ ) su* regret at ! ?\ght (   
nev] m see+ 8 native home1 t he ?rew    
himself into ! ocean 9 a p>oxysm (      
despair4 ,^u _! return ! ,danes _h !    
pleasure ( rejo9+ ! fif? %ip1 :i* _h    
disappe>$ 9 a fog2 b !y _h be5 only five
 days toge!r :5 !y 7 all sep>at$ by a   
/orm2 & a mon? elaps$ be=e !y c\ld      
re-unite :5 ! tempe/ _h pass$ away4 ,!y 
arriv$ at ,cop5hag5 ^u ! #e? ( ! foll[+ 
,octob]1 aft] hav+ exp]i5c$ _m awful    
p]ils & hairbread? escapes4  ,! ,k+ (   
,d5m>k1 :o des]ves praise = 8           
p]sev]ance1 n[ det]m9$ ^u a ?ird        
exp$ition to ,gre5l&4 ,he accord+ly     
ord]$ two l>ge %ips to be fitt$ out1 :i*
 he plac$ "u ! comm& ( a ,capta9 ,k>/5  

,ri*k>dis51 a native ( ,hol/e91 :om he  
furni%$ ) "s sailors f ,norway & ,icel& 
t 7 acqua9t$ ) ! navigation4 ,^! vessels
 sail$ f ! ,s\nd on ! #ab? ( ,may1 b !  
,dani% ,*ronicle has n /at$ 9 :at ye>2  
nor 0 x kn[n to ,peyr]e4 ,on ! #h? (    
,june ,ri*k>dis5 discov]$ ! high po9ts (
 ! ,gre5l& m\nta9s2 b he 0 prev5t$ f l&+
 by ! rocks ( ice :i* ran out f> into ! 
sea & r5d]$ ! coa/ inaccessible4 ,he 0  
!re=e oblig$ to return )\t accompli%+ ! 
object ( 8 voyage1 z he despair$ ( be+  
able to p5etrate ! icy b>ri] :i*        
blockad$ ! %ore4 ,no simil> attempt has 
hi!rto be5 successful2 & ! ,ea/]n coa/ (
 ,gre5l&1 ?\gh = sev]al c5turies well   
kn[n to1 & habitually visit$ by1 !      
,norwegians & ,danes1 is1 at pres5t1 a  
t]ra incognita1 not)/&+ ! _s ( ,european
 adv5ture & ! zeal ( mod]n discov]y4  ,!
 ,k+ ( ,d5m>k caus$ p>ticul> att5tion to
 be paid to ! ?ree savages :o _h surviv$
 ! prec$+1 & ! five :o _h be5 import$ by
 ! la/ exp$ition to ,gre5l&4 ,!y 7 f$ ^u
 milk1 butt]1 & *eese1 z well z ^u raw  

fle% & raw fi%1 to :i* !y _h be5        
accu/om$ at home4 ,!y appe>$ to h an    
inv9cible repugnance to our bak$ bread &
 dress$ meat2 nor did !y reli% any k9d (
 w9e s mu* z ! oil & grease ( ! :ale4   
,!y (t5 turn$ a wi%ful & despond+ look  
to ! ,nor?2 & sigh$ s anxi\sly to return
 to ! place ( _! nativity1 t1 :5ev] !y 7
 wat*$ ) less vigilance ?an usual1 ^? :o
 _h an opportunity seiz$ any boat t 0 at
 h& & put to sea1 reg>dless ( ! dang]s  
!y _h to enc\nt]4 ,a /orm once ov]took  
"s ( ^! intrepid adv5tur]s at t5 or     
twelve leagues f ! ,s\nd1 & =c$ !m back 
to ! coa/ ( ,s*on51 :]e !y 7 made       
prison]s by ! peasantry & convey$ back  
to ,cop5hag54 ,?is caus$ !m to be gu>d$ 
) m rig\r1 & kept "u great] re/ra9t4 ,b 
?ree ( !m fell sick & di$ ( grief4      
,five ( ^! savages 7 alive & well :5 a  
,spani% ,ambassador made 8 appe>ance 9  
,d5m>k2 & ! ,dani% ,mon>*1 9 ord] to    
div]t ?is /rang]1 caus$ ^! native       
,gre5l&]s to exhibit _! manuvres 9 _!   
little canoes ^u ! sea4 ,! ,spani%      

,ambassador 0 q delight$ ) ! address :i*
 !y display$1 & ) ! extraord9>y cel]ity 
) :i* !y glid$ ov] ! waves4 ,he made a  
pres5t 9 money to ea* ( ! savages1 :i*  
!y exp5d$ 9 equipp+ !mselves 9 ! ,dani% 
fa%ion4 ,!y 7 accord+ly se5 boot$ &     
spurr$1 ) l>ge fea!rs 9 _! hats2 & 9 ^! 
habilim5ts !y propos$ to s]ve 9 !       
cavalry ( ! ,dani% ,k+4  ,b ^! high     
spirits ( ! ,gre5l&]s la/$ only = a %ort
 "t2 = !y soon relaps$ into _! usual    
melan*oly4 ,!y became entirely absorb$ )
 ! idea ( return+ to _! native c\ntry2 &
 two ( !m hav+ obta9$ possession ( _!   
little boats put out to sea4 ,!y 7      
pursu$1 b only "o ( !m 0 tak51 & ! o!r  
probably p]i%$ 9 ! waves2 = x _c be     
suppos$ t he ev] return$ to ! l& ( 8    
fa!rs4 ,) respect to "o ( ! savages1 x 0
 rem>k$1 t he %$ te>s :5ev] he beheld a 
*ild at ! brea/2 f :i* x 0 suppos$1 t he
 _h left a wife & *ildr5 at home4  ,( ^!
 surviv+ savages two p9$ away ) regret4 
,! two o!rs liv$ t5 or twelve ye>s 9    
,d5m>k aft] ! decease ( _! companions4  

,no pa9s 7 sp>$ to reconcile !m to _!   
condition1 b )\t success4 ,"o ( !m di$ (
 an illness1 br\ght on by be+ employ$ 9 
div+ = ! pe>l muscle1 dur+ ! dep? (     
w9t]4 ,8 companion1 :o 0 inconsolable = 
8 loss1 aga9 seiz$ a boat & made an ef=t
 to escape f captivity4 ,he _h pass$ !  
,s\nd be=e he c\ld be retak51 b he liv$ 
only a %ort "t aft] ?is la/ attempt to  
recov] 8 lib]ty4  ,peyr]e says1 t an    
attempt 0 made to conv]t ^! savages to !
 ,*ri/ian fai?1 b t !y c\ld nev] be     
br\ght to le>n ! ,dani% language2 & he  
rem>ks1 ) mu* simplicity1 t 8la foi     
e/ant de l'oye1 il fut impossible de    
leur faire compr5dre nos my/]es40       
8,fai?10 says he1 8com+ f he>+1 x 0     
impossible to make !m compreh5d our     
my/]ies40 ,he adds1 t ^? :o n>r[ly wat*$
 _! actions (t5 saw !m lift up _! eyes  
to ,heav51 & wor%ip ! ,sun4  ,! ,dani%  
,mon>* desi/$ f any f>!r attempt to     
discov] ,old ,gre5l&2 b "s m]*ants at   
,cop5hag5 =m$ !mselves into a ,gre5l&   
,company1 = ! purpose ( e/abli%+ a      

traffic ) t "p ( ! _w4 ,9 #afcf ?is     
,company fitt$ out two %ips1 :i* visit$ 
t "p ( ! coa/ ( ,new ,gre5l& :i* is wa%$
 by ,davis's ,/raits4 ,:5 !y ca/ an*or1 
eight savages came (f to !m 9 _! little 
canoes4 ,! ,danes _h display$ _! knives1
 mirrors1 & o!r articles ^u ! deck1 to  
:i* ! savages _h also convey$ _! furs1  
sk9s1 & fi% horns2 b a gun hav+ be5     
inconsid]ately fir$1 9 ord] to celebrate
 ! dr9k+ ( "s p>ticul> heal?1 ^! native 
trad]s 7 s fright5$ t !y in/antly leap$ 
into ! sea1 f :i* !y did n em]ge till !y
 _h proce$$ to two or ?ree hundr$ y>ds f
 ! %ip4  ,! ,danes at la/ succe$$ 9     
appeas+ ! appreh5sions ( ! ,gre5l&]s1 & 
9 allur+ !m aga9 on bo>d _! vessels4 ,! 
,dani% comm&] hav+ rem>k$ an inlet ( !  
coa/ :]e !re 0 a bank ( s&1 :i* bore a  
/rong resemblance to gold1 8 cupidity   
made him imag9e1 t he _h discov]$ a m9e 
( weal?4 ,he lo/ no "t 9 fill+ 8 %ip )  
?is fanci$ gold du/1 & made ! be/ ( 8   
way to ,d5m>k1 exult+ 9 dreams (        
vision>y opul5ce4  ,b ! ma/] ( ! ,gre5l&

 ,company1 :o 0 less cr$ul\s ?an !      
capta9 ( ! exp$ition1 hav+ caus$ ?is    
preci\s s& to be exam9$ by ! goldsmi?s  
at ,cop5hag51 !y 7 n able to extract f !
 :ole mass a s+le p>ticle ( gold4 ,!    
capta9 0 accord+ly ord]$1 to 8 great    
mortification1 to ?r[ ! :ole ( ?is      
valuable lad+ into ! sea4  ,9 ?is la/   
exp$ition to ,gre5l& ! ,danes secur$ &  
c>ri$ (f two ( ! natives be=e !y left ! 
coa/4 ,:5 !y _h rea*$ ! op5 sea1 !      
,danes releas$ ^! captives f _! bonds1  
:51 f9d+ !mselves free f re/ra9t1 ! love
 ( lib]ty prevail$ ov] e o!r s5tim5t1 & 
!y plung$ into ! waves 9 ord] to rega9  
_! native %ore4 ,b t %ore 0 too remote =
 !m to rea*1 & !y p]i%$ 9 ! va9 attempt4
 ,x is pleasant to contemplate t        
s5tim5t1 :i* atta*es u to our native l&1
 op]at+ alike 9 all regions & climes1 & 
atta*+ ! human be+ to a c\ntry ( almo/  
inv9cible /]ility & p]petual fro/1 z    
well z to "o :]e !re are ! ri*e/        
products & ! mo/ g5ial seasons4  ,9 !   
ye> #afed a %ip 0 s5t to ,gre5l&1 "u !  

comm& ( ,david ,nelles1 ! success ( :i* 
t]m9at$ 9 c>ry+ (f ?ree native wom5 f ! 
op5 "p ( ! ,ea/]n coa/4 ,! la/ voyage1  
:i* 0 n m successful ?an ! prec$+1 0    
made 9 ! ye> #afgj4 ,?is exp$ition 0    
fitt$ out by ord] ( ,*ri/ian ,v1 & 0    
comm&$ by ,capta9 ,otto ,axelson2 b     
,crantz#ai says1 8,we h no acc\nt ( its 
issue20 &1 accord+ to ,torfu1 ,axelson  
nev] return$ to tell :at he _h se54     
,none ( ! exp$itions :i* h sail$ f      
,d5m>k1 or o!r c\ntries1 h be5          
successful 9 recov]+ ! k ( t "p ( !     
,ea/]n coa/ :i* 0 peopl$ by settl]s f   
,icel& & ,norway1 & is d5om9at$ ,old    
,gre5l&4 ,9 ! acc\nt :i* ! ,icel&ic     
,*ronicle gives ( ! anci5t r\te1 x is   
/at$1 t half way betwe5 ,icel& & ,gre5l&
 !re 0 a clu/] ( little isl&s1 or rocks1
 call$ ,gondebiurne ,ske]1 :i* 7        
inhabit$ by be>s4 ,! drift+ ice has     
probably collect$ r\nd ^! isl&s1 & be5 s
 petrifi$ by successive accumulations z 
to become imp5etrable to ! sun4         
,peyr]e1 ^: acc\nt ( ,gre5l& has be5    

g5]ally foll[$ 9 ?is ,introduction1     
tells u1 t he 0 once incl9$ to believe1 
t ,godske ,l9d5au _h actually rea*$ !   
coa/ ( ,old ,gre5l& 9 8 fir/ voyage1 & t
 ! savages :om he c>ri$ (f 7 desc5dants 
( ! fir/ ,norwegian settl]s1 ^: rema9s h
 be5 s anxi\sly s\ght4 ,b ?is impression
 0 effac$ by ! in=mation ( _m p]sons :o 
_h se5 ^! savages at ,cop5hag51 & :o    
assur$ him1 t !y _h n ! smalle/         
resemblance to ! ,danes or ,norwegians 9
 _! language & mann]s1 & t ! ,danes &   
,norwegians c\ld n und]/& a ^w t ^!     
native ,gre5l&]s utt]$4  ,9 ! exp$ition 
to ,gre5l&1 :i* 0 und]tak5 9 ! ye>      
#afcf1 ! natives ^u ! we/]n coa/1 :o _h 
"s traffic ) ! ,danes1 7 ask$1 :e!r !re 
7 any inhabitants l !mselves beyond !   
m\nta9s :i* 7 se5 9 ! di/ance4 ,!       
savages repli$ by signs1 t !re 7 m p    
beyond ! m\nta9s ?an !re 7 hairs on _!  
heads2 & t !y 7 m5 ( l>ge /ature1 )     
great b[s & arr[s1 :o de/roy$ e body t  
came 9 _! way4  ,! k :i* ! ,danes h at  
any p]iod acquir$ respect+ ! p or !     

products ( ,gre5l&1 nev] ext5d$ beyond a
 n>r[ slip ( t]ritory along ! coa/4 ,!y 
knew no?+ ( ! remote int]ior ( ! c\ntry 
f actual obs]vation2 & _! settlem5ts    
occupi$ only a v small comp>ative       
portion ( ! :ole4 ,mu* is /ill left to  
be explor$2 b ! nature ( ! c\ntry itself
 opposes su* an accumulation ( ob/acles 
to ! rese>* ( ! travell]1 t !y are n    
soon likely to be ov]come4 ,m1 h[ev]1 ( 
! coa/ w probably soon be discov]$ ?an  
has ev] previ\sly be5 explor$2 or1 if   
explor$1 x has at lea/ be5 conceal$ = _m
 c5turies4 ,:5 ! ent]priz+ _s ( an      
,engli% navigator is direct$ to t qu>t] 
( ! _w1 we feel a firm confid5ce1 t no?+
 w be left untri$1 :i* skill or c\rage c
 effect1 to ext5d our acqua9tance ) ^!  
,nor!rn regions1 & to make valuable     
additions to our pres5t /ock ( in=mation
 respect+ ! c\ntries 9 ! m imm$iate     
vic9ity ( ! ,nor? ,pole4     ,,sket*    
,,( ,,!  ,,life ,,( ,,hans ,,eg$e4   ,! 
,au?or ( ! pres5t ,volume 0 born 9      
,d5m>k1 on ! #ca/ ( ,janu>y1 9 ! ye>    

#afhf4 ,he 0 educat$ = ! ,*ri/ian       
m9i/ry1 & became pa/or to a congregation
 at ,vog51 9 ,norway1 & appe>s = "s "t  
to h ex]cis$ ! same functions at        
,dron!im1 9 t k+dom4 ,9 an e>ly p]iod ( 
8 m9i/ry he 0 seiz$ ) a /rong desire (  
mak+ himself acqua9t$ ) ! fate ( !      
,norwegian families :o _h =m]ly be5     
settl$ 9 ,gre5l&1 & ( :om no intellig5ce
 _h be5 receiv$ = sev]al c5turies4 ,all 
! inquiries :i* he c\ld make l$ to !    
conclusion1 t t "p ( ! coa/ :]e ^!      
settlem5ts _h =m]ly exi/$ _h be5 r5d]$  
inaccessible by ! ice2 & t ! anci5t     
settl]s _h be5 de/roy$ ei!r by ! effects
 ( ! climate or ! ho/ility ( ! natives4 
,b ^! unfav\rable repres5tations did n  
repress ! ard\r ( ,eg$e to emb>k 9 ?is  
p]il\s und]tak+2 & ei!r to discov] ! old
 ,norwegian settlem5ts1 or to =m a new  
"o1 & to devote 8 life to ! in/ruction (
 ! b>b>\s & unciviliz$ ,gre5l&]s 9 !    
salut>y tru?s ( ! ,*ri/ian doctr9e4  ,he
 0 a man ( w>m temp]am5t1 & m+l$ ) su* a
 portion ( en?usiasm z does n readily   

suff] its ex]tions to be relax$ by      
difficulties1 or ! hopes :i* x has      
conceiv$ to be ext+ui%$ by inauspici\s  
circum/ances4 ,= _m ye>s he attempt$ 9  
va9 to int]e/ ! ,dani% gov]nm5t 9 !     
fur!rance ( ! s*eme :i* he _h conceiv$4 
,8 memorials 7 disreg>d$1 & 8 proposals 
7 consid]$ z vision>y & impracticable4  
,b at la/ ,fr$]ick ,,iv1 ,k+ ( ,d5m>k1  
issu$ an ord] to ! magi/rates at ,b]g5  
to make inquiries ( all ! ma/]s (       
vessels & trad]s1 :o _h be5 9 ,davis's  
,/raits1 conc]n+ ! /ate ( ! traffic )   
,gre5l&2 &1 at ! same "t1 to le>n _!    
op9ion ab\t =m+ a new settlem5t ^u t    
coa/4 ,b ! answ] :i* !y return$ 0 n at  
all fav\rable to ! wi%es ( our au?or1 & 
! project seem$ nev] likely to be       
accompli%$4  ,aft] m ineffectual        
attempts1 8 p]sev]ance at la/ triumph$  
ov] e ob/acle2 & he p]suad$ "s m]*ants &
 o!rs to subscribe "s small sums1 out ( 
:i* he collect$ a capital ( ab\t #bjjjl4
 ,( ?is inconsid]able sum he himself _h 
furni%$ ab\t #fjl41 :i* con/itut$ 8     

little all4 ,) ^! sl5d] means1 :i* seem$
 totally inadequate to ! und]tak+1 a %ip
 0 pur*as$1 call$ ! ,hope1 9 :i* ,eg$e 0
 to be convey$ to ,gre5l&1 & to lay !   
f\ndation ( ! m$itat$ e/abli%m5t4 ,b1 9 
! spr+ ( #agba1 ! ,dani% mon>*1 :o _h   
be5 br\ght to ?9k m fav\rably ( !       
exp$ition1 appo9t$ ,mr4 ,eg$e to be     
pa/or ( ! new colony1 & mission>y to !  
,hea!n1 ) a p5sion ( #fjl4 a ye>1 &     
#djl4 = 8 imm$iate exig5cies4  ,eg$e    
emb>k$ = ,gre5l&1 ) 8 wife & f\r small  
*ildr51 ^u ! #ab? ( ,may1 #agba2 & he   
l&$ 9 ,ball's ,riv]1 9 ! #fd? degree (  
,nor? latitude1 ^u ! #c;d ( ,july1 9 !  
same ye>4 ,! company on bo>d ! %ip      
consi/$ ( =ty p]sons4 ,!y lo/ no "t 9   
build+ a h\se ( /one & e>?1 ^u an isl&  
ne> ,kangek1 :i* !y call$ ,haabets ,oe1 
or ,hope ,isl&1 aft] ! "n ( ! %ip 9 :i* 
!y _h made ! voyage4  ,! conduct ( ,eg$e
 z a mission>y des]ves ! highe/ praise4 
,he conciliat$ ! confid5ce ( ! natives1 
m9i/]$ to _! wants1 le>n$ _! language1 &
 gradually introduc$ "s additional rays 

( intellectual light into _! m9ds4  8,z 
soon10 says ,crantz1 vol4 i4 p4 #bhf1 8z
 he new ! ^w k9a1 i4 e4 :at is ?is8 he  
ask$ ! "n ( e ?+ t pres5t$ itself to !  
s5ses1 & wrote x d[n40 ,b 8 *ildr51 by  
cont9ually conv]s+ ) ! *ildr5 ( !       
natives1 le>n$ ! language1 p>ticul>ly ! 
pronunciation1 ) mu* m facility ?an     
himself2 & he 0 enabl$ to make          
consid]able use ( _! pr(ici5cy 9 !      
v]nacul> tongue ( ! c\ntry1 9 promot+ ! 
purposes ( 8 mission4  ,^u ! dea? (     
,fr$]ick ,,iv1 & ! accession ( ,*ri/ian 
,,vi1 ! ,dani% gov]nm5t1 dissatisfi$ ) !
 exp5se :i* ! settlem5t 9 ,gre5l& _h    
occasion$1 & ! fa9t prospect :i* appe>$ 
( any adequate remun]ation f ! trade ) t
 c\ntry1 issu$1 9 #agca1 a m&ate = !    
rel9qui%m5t ( ! colony1 & ! return ( !  
settl]s4 ,b ?is zeal\s mission>y resolv$
 n to ab&on ! good "w :i* he _h begun2 &
 ?\gh mo/ ( ! settl]s left ! coa/ 9 !   
%ip :i* _h be5 s5t to conduct !m home1  
he rema9$ beh9d ) t5 seam5 :om he _h    
p]suad$ to adopt ! same det]m9ation4 ,! 

,dani% mon>*1 ei!r sympa?is+ ) 8        
con/ancy1 or mov$ by 8 entreaties1      
assi/$ him ) "s supplies 9 ! foll[+ ye>2
 & 9 ! ye> #agcc he 0 *e]$ by !         
assurance t ! mission %\ld be m         
effectually support$1 & ! trade )       
,gre5l& m vigor\sly prosecut$ ?an x _h  
hi!rto be54  ,:5 ! advanc$ age1 or r !  
gr[+ infirmities ( ,eg$e1 :i* _h be5    
increas$ by ! corporeal toils he _h     
und]gone1 & ! m5tal solicitudes he _h   
exp]i5c$1 no long] p]mitt$ him to       
cont9ue 8 =m] occupation1 8 elde/ son   
,paul became 8 successor 9 ! mission4   
,aft] an abode ( fifte5 ye>s 9 ?is /]ile
 region & inclem5t climate1 he return$  
to ,cop5hag5 9 ! ye> #agcf4 ,?\gh he _h 
rel9qui%$ ! mission1 he 0 n inatt5tive  
to its int]e/s2 = he devot$ mu* ( 8 "t1 
aft] 8 return1 to ! in/ruction ( "y     
mission>ies 9 ! language ( ,gre5l&4 ,he 
also compos$ a gramm> & a diction>y ( t 
language1 into :i* he translat$ ! ,new  
,te/am5t = ! use ( ! mission & ! b5efit 
( ! natives4 ,he publi%$ ! ,description 

( ,gre5l&1 :i* is conta9$ 9 ! pres5t    
,volume1 at ,cop5hag51 9 ! ,dani%       
language1 ! ye> prec$+ 8 dea?1 :i* took 
place 9 #agehbj4     ,a  ,,description  
,,(  ,,gre5l&3   ,%[+  ,,! ,,natural    
,,hi/ory1 ,,situation1 ,,b\nd>ies1 ,,&  
,,face ,,( ,,! ,,c\ntry2 ,,! ,,nature   
,,( ,,! ,,soil2 ,,! ,,rise ,,&          
,,progress ,,( ,,! ,,old ,,norwegian    
,,colonies2 ,,! ,,anci5t ,,& ,,mod]n    
,,inhabitants2 ,,_! ,,g5ius ,,& ,,way   
,,( ,,life1 ,,& ,,produce ,,( ,,!       
,,soil2 ,,_! ,,plants1 ,,bea/s1 ,,fi%es1
 ,c4   ,,by ,,hans ,,eg$e1  ,,mission>y 
,,9 ,,t ,,c\ntry ,,= ,,tw5ty-,,five     
,,ye>s4   ,,translat$ ,,f ,,! ,,dani%4  
,,to  ,,8 ,,mo/ ,,s]5e ,,royal          
,,highness  ,,fr$]ick1  ,,h]$it>y       
,,pr9ce1 ,,successor ,,to ,,! ,,cr[n ,,(
 ,,d5m>k ,,& ,,norway4    ,,may ,,x     
,,please ,,y\r ,,mo/ ,,s]5e      ,,royal
 ,,highness1  ,z ,i took ! fre$om mo/   
humbly to address to ! ,k+ y\r ,royal   
,fa!r an acc\nt ( ! ,gre5l& ,mission's  
beg9n+ & propagation1 :i* 8 ,maje/y ) s 

glori\s a zeal protects & enc\rages2 s  
likewise1 ) ! same mo/ humble           
submission1 ,i presume to (f] to y\r mo/
 ,s]5e ,royal ,highness ?is pres5t      
survey or ,natural ,hi/ory ( ,gre5l&2   
endeav\r+ by ?is means to ins9uate &    
recomm5d to y\r ,royal ,highness's fav\r
 & protection s pi\s an und]tak+2       
because ! poor ,gre5l&]s h a "r to claim
 y\r protection1 z well z ! k+doms (    
,d5m>k & ,norway1 & are 9 hopes (       
enjoy+1 "o day1 ! greate/ bless+s "u y\r
 happy reign4  ,?is little ,"w _c fail (
 a graci\s reception f y\r ,royal       
,highness1 z x aims only at1 & is       
calculat$ =1 ! hon\r ( ,god & y\r ,royal
 ,family's exaltation2 ! la/ ( :i* :olly
 dep5ds on & necess>ily foll[s ! fir/2 =
 :5 ! poor ,gre5l&]s %all h le>n$ to "k 
& wor%ip ,god z _! ,creator & ,r$eem]1  
!n !y w likewise le>n to ackn[l$ge &    
hon\r a ,*ri/ian ,sov]eign z _! k+ &    
rul]1 ?r\gh ^: mo/ ,*ri/ian c>e &       
b5efic5ce !y h be5 br\ght to ! k (      
,salvation4  ,may ! ,k+dom ( ,god daily 

increase1 & be spread f> & wide1 "u !   
gov]nm5t ( y\r ,royal ,h\se4 ,may ! ^w (
 ,god run swiftly "u ! sway ( its       
sceptre1 z x do? 9 ! ,ea/1 s also n[ 9 !
 colde/ ,nor?4  ,t x may please         
,almighty ,god to make y\r ,royal       
,highness's "n z ! "n ( ! great & mighty
 ones ^u ,e>?2 t he may e/abli% &       
p[]fully support ! ,royal ,h]$it>y      
,?rone1 & place y z a bless+ be=e 8 face
 to all et]nity1 are ! he>ty wi%es &    
pray]s (                       ,y\r     
,s]5e ,royal ,highness's                
mo/ ob$i5t1                             
mo/ humble1                             
& mo/ devot$                            
,subject & ,s]vant1                     
,,hans ,,eg$e4  ,cop5hag51 ,july #bj1   
#agda4     ,,preface4  ,illu/ration   ,a
 fri5d ( m9e1 :o liv$ "s "t 9 ,gre5l&1  
publi%$ 7unkn[n to me7 "s ye>s ago1 a   
,description ( ,gre5l&1 "u ! title ( ,a 
,new ,survey ( ,old ,gre5l&1 :i*1 n long
 aft] my arrival 9 ^? p>ts1 ,i _h       
sket*$1 to satisfy "s ( my fri5ds1      

accord+ to ! k ,i !n _h acquir$2 b hav+ 
s9ce t "t got a full] light 9 ^! matt]s1
 p>tly by my own obs]vations & p>tly by 
^? ( my ,son ,paul ,eg$e1 :o has be5 f\r
 ye>s mission>y 9 ! ,nor? ,we/ colony ( 
,gre5l&1 ,i h f\nd x necess>y to p]fect 
& enl>ge ?is little ,"w 9 embryo1 "u !  
same title t x made its fir/ appe>ance1 
) "s useful ,additions1 & ) a new       
contriv$ ,map ( ! c\ntry1 t ! read] may 
! bett] compreh5d :at he f9ds 9 ?is     
,sket*4  ,?\gh ,gre5l& be a c\ntry ( a  
va/ ext5t1 yet x af=ds b a n>r[ field = 
any obs]vation or rem>ks ( consequ5ce2  
!re be+ no /rong or well built t[ns to  
meet )2 no well ord]$ polity or civil   
gov]nm5t2 no f9e arts & sci5ces1 or ! l2
 b only a numb] ( mean1 wret*$1 &       
ignorant ,g5tiles1 :o live & improve !  
l& accord+ to _! l[ capacity4  ,i mu/   
own1 t ,gre5l&1 9 its pres5t /ate &     
condition1 comp>$ ) o!r c\ntries1 is b v
 mean & poor1 ?\gh n yet s despicable & 
wret*$ b x may1 us+ c>e & indu/ry1 n    
only ri*ly ma9ta9 its own inhabitants1 b

 also communicate to o!rs out ( !       
rema9d] ( its products4  ,z = ! l& 9    
itself1 x yields little or no?+1 n be+  
manur$ or cultivat$1 b lies altoge!r    
wa/e & untill$2 nev]!less ! anci5t      
hi/ories & acc\nts1 yet extant1 ( ! l&1 
make x appe>1 t x is n unfit = sev]al   
products2 & !re=e ,i d n "q b x might   
retrieve ! loss ( its =m] pl5ty &       
fruitfulness1 %\ld x come to be well    
settl$ aga91 & cultivat$4 ,b z to !     
seas1 !y yield m pl5ty & weal? ( all    
sorts ( animals & fi%es ?an 9 mo/ o!r   
p>ts ( ! _w1 :i* may turn to v great    
pr(it2 witness ! exce$+ great ri*es _m  
nations h ga!r$1 & are /ill ga!r+1 f !  
:ale fi%]y1 & ! capture ( seals &       
morses1 or sea horses4  ,?us x is       
confess$1 t ,gre5l& is a c\ntry n       
unwor?y ( keep+ & improv+4 ,& ?is has   
be5 ! well gr\nd$ op9ion ( our late     
mon>*s ( ,d5m>k1 & _m ( _! *ief         
c\nsellors1 :o h made s mu* ( ,gre5l&1 t
 !y h sp>$ no co/s 9 fitt+ out sev]al   
%ips = its discov]y1 ( :i* h]eaft] f>!r 

notice %all be tak54 ,?is discov]y has  
be5 *iefly und]tak5 to ! end1 t !       
,*ri/ian religion1 :i* has be5          
un=tunately worn out 9 ^! p>ts ( ! _w1  
might aga9 be re-e/abli%$1 & ! poor     
inhabitants1 viz4 ! (fspr+ ( ! old      
,nor!rn ,*ri/ians1 if ?r\gh ,god's m]cy 
any su* may yet be f\nd !re1 z true     
subjects to ,d5m>k & ,norway1 might be  
assi/$ & com=t$ bo? z to body & s\l4 ,& 
al?\gh ^! mo/ laudable endeav\rs ( ^?   
glori\s mon>*s1 ( pi\s & bless$ memory1 
h n _h all ! success "o c\ld desire1 yet
 !y h op5$ ! way = fre% attempts ( !    
same nature1 :i* 7,god be ?ank$7 h n be5
 lo/1 inasmu* z ! ,we/]n coa/ ( ,gre5l& 
7by ! ,danes call$ ,we/]bygd7 n only has
 be5 fully discov]$1 b also sev]al new  
lodges h be5 !re erect$1 & ! holy ^w (  
,god has be5 prea*$1 ) ,god's bless+1 to
 ^! ignorant ,hea!ns1 t dwell 9 ^?      
places :]e ,*ri/ianity has be5 q ext9ct 
& =got4 ,all ?is ought to enc\rage u to 
cont9ue our endeav\rs to discov] !      
,ea/]n %ore1 :]e x is confess$ ! *ief   

colony has be5 seat$2 & p]haps ! (fspr+ 
( ! old ,norwegians & ,icel&]s may be   
recov]$2 :i* ,i d n ?9k impossible1     
provid$ we g on 9 ! "r way1 z ,i hope to
 %[ 9 ! foll[+ treatise4  ,h[           
praisewor?y & glori\s an ent]prize w\ld 
x be1 to und]take s great & :olesome a  
"w1 *iefly 9 reg>d to ^! unhappy p1 :o1 
by a j judgm5t ( ,god1 n[ = upw>ds (    
?ree hundr$ ye>s1 h be5 deb>r$ all      
communication ) ,*ri/ians2 :i* to rem$y 
n only our civil b ,*ri/ian duty obliges
 u4 ,x becomes u !re=e he>tily to pray  
,god ,almighty1 t he w be pleas$ to     
appease 8 wra? k9dl$ aga9/ ^! poor      
wret*es1 & to disclose to our mo/       
graci\s sov]eign1 & to o!r well         
int5tion$ ,*ri/ians1 ! be/ way & means  
to ?is c\ntry's discov]y & happy        
re/itution4 ,& ?\gh we %\ld fail (      
success1 9 /ill meet+ ) ! a=esaid (fspr+
 ( ! old ,norwegian & ,icel& ,*ri/ians1 
:o1 = aught we "k1 may be all ext9ct &  
de/roy$1 z we f\nd x on ! ,we/ coa/2    
yet1 = all t1 ,i %\ld n ?9k all our     

lab\r lo/1 nor our co/s made to no      
purpose1 z long z x may be = ! good &   
advantage ( ^? ignorant ,hea!ns1 t live 
!re2 to :om we h reason to hope our mo/ 
graci\s sov]eign w also ext5d 8 fa!rly  
clem5cy1 & ,*ri/ian zeal1 to provide =  
_! et]nal happ9ess1 z he s graci\sly has
 done = ^? on ! ,we/]n %ore2 see+ t by  
^! means ! old ru9$ places might anew be
 provid$ ) colonies & inhabitants1 :i*  
w\ld prove no small advantage to ! k+ & 
8 dom9ions4 ,?is my well meant project1 
t ,god 9 8 m]cy w advance & promote1 to 
! hon\r ( 8 mo/ ,holy ,"n1 & ! enlight5+
 & sav+ ( ^! poor s\ls1 is ! s9c]e      
desire (                                
,,hans ,,eg$e4     ,,!  ,,natural       
,,hi/ory  ,,(  ,gre5l&4     ,,*apt] ,i4 
,illu/ration  ,( ! ,situation & ,ext5t (
 ,gre5l&4   ,gre5l& lies b =ty miles to 
! ,we/ ( ,icel&1 beg9n+ f #ei #ej ,nor? 
,latitude4 ,! ,ea/]n coa/ ext5ds itself 
9 ! ,nor? z f> z ,spitzb]g51 betwe5 #gh 
& #hj2 :i* is ?\ght to be an isl&1      
sep>at$ f ! cont95t ( ,gre5l&4 ,! ,we/]n

 %ore is discov]$ z f> z sev5ty odd     
degrees4 ,:e!r x be a l>ge isl&1 or     
bord]s ^u c\ntries to ! ,nor?1 is n yet 
f\nd out2 !re seems great reason to     
believe x is contigu\s to ,am]ica on !  
,nor? ,we/ side2 because !re we meet ) !
 bay or inlet1 :i* 9 ! sea *>ts is call$
 ,davis's ,/raits1 f an ,engli%man1 :o 9
 ! ye> #aehe 0 ! fir/ discov]] ( x2 & is
 ye>ly frequ5t$ by %ips ( diff]5t       
nations1 on acc\nt ( ! ,:ale ,fi%]y3 b  
nobody z yet has be5 able to f9d out !  
bottom ( x4 ,& accord+ to ! notice we h 
endeav\r$ to ga!r f ^? ,gre5l&]s :o live
 f>!/ to ! ,nor?1 !re is ei!r b a v n>r[
 passage betwe5 ,am]ica & ,gre5l&1 or1 z
 is mo/ likely1 !y are q contigu\s#ba3 &
 ,i am ! m incl9$ to believe ?is1       
because ! f>!r y g ,nor?w>d 9 ! said    
,/rait1 ! l[] is ! l&2 contr>y to :at we
 obs]ve :]e x bord]s on ! seas or ma9   
ocean1 x nev] wants l(ty promontories4  
,x has be5 ! commonly receiv$ op9ion1 ( 
a long /&+1 t ,gre5l& bord]s ^u !       
,asiatic ,t>t>y & ,muscovia on ! ,nor?  

,ea/3 :at confirms !m 9 ?is notion is an
 old /ory !y give cr$it to1 t a c]ta9   
,h>rald goat did travel by l&1 ov]      
m\nta9s & rocks1 f ,gre5l& to ,norway1  
br++ along ) him a %e goat1 ( ^: milk he
 liv$ on ! j\rney2 by :i* he got !      
surname ( ,h>rald goat4 ,fur!rmore1 !   
anci5t ,gre5l& ,*ri/ians1 9 _!          
,*ronicles1 relate1 t !re 7 come to !m f
 ! ,nor!rn p>ts1 =eign re9 de] & %eep1  
m>k$ ^u ! e>s1 & ) "s m>ks ti$ to _!    
horns2 f :i* !y conclud$1 t ! ,nor!rn   
p>ts ( ,gre5l& 7 also inhabit$4--,vid4  
,!odore ,torlaccius4 ,b ! contr>y is    
prov$ by lat] exp]im5ts made by !       
navigation ( ,dut*m5 & o!rs to !        
,nor?4--,see ,zordrag]'s ,gre5l& ,fi%]y1
 ,"p ii1 *4 #aj4  ,gre5l& is a high &   
rocky c\ntry1 always cov]$ ) ice & sn[  
7except on ! sea side1 & 9 ! bays or    
inlets7 :i* nev] ?aws nor melts away4 ,y
 may judge ( ! height by ! prospect !y  
yield at m ?an tw5ty ,norway miles      
di/ance f ! %ore4 ,! :ole coa/ is       
surr\nd$ ) a va/ numb] ( l>ge & small   

isl&s4 ,!re are a great _m inlets & l>ge
 riv]s to be met )1 among :i* ! pr9cipal
 is call$ ,baal's ,riv]1 9 #fd1 & has   
be5 navigat$ eighte5 or tw5ty ,norway   
miles up ! c\ntry2 :]e ! fir/ ,dani%    
lodge 0 settl$ 9 ! ye> #agba4 ,9 all sea
 *>ts y w f9d laid d[n ,frobi%]'s ,/rait
 & ,ba] ,s\nd :i* !y pret5d1 =m two l>ge
 isl&s1 adjac5t to ! ma9 l&2 :i* ,i ?9k 
are n to be f\nd1 at lea/ n ^u ! coa/ ( 
,gre5l&2 = ,i c\ld n meet ) any ?+ l x 9
 ! voyage ,i und]took 9 ! ye> #agbc     
,s\?w>d1 go+ ^u discov]ies2 ?\gh ,i w5t 
z f> z to #fj t way3 b at pres5t ! new] 
*>ts lay !m d[n1 ! ,nor!rn /rait 9 #fc1 
& ! ,s\!rn 9 #fb4 ,"s ( ! anci5ts1 :om  
,?ormod] foll[s 9 8 ,gre5l& ,hi/ory1    
place !m betwe5 #fa & #fj4 ,s t ! *>ts  
diff] mightily 9 ?is p>ticul>4 ,besides 
?is1 !re is n a ^w or a syllable m5tion$
 9 our anci5t records ( ,gre5l& ( !     
a=esaid two /raits & l>ge isl&s3 !y only
 in=m u1 t aft] ! old ,norwegians &     
,icel&]s _h began to settle colonies on 
! ,ea/ side ( ,gre5l&1 ov] aga9/ ,icel&1

 !y cont9u$ to spread !mselves all along
 ! %ore & 9 ! bays1 z f> z ,baal's      
,riv]1 :]e !y /opp$1 & :]e we f9d _m    
ru9s ( ! old ,norwegian edifices4 ,&    
:]eas ,i myself h lately met ) s _m /one
 build+s1 s f> to ! ,s\?1 ,i ?9k my     
conclusion is good1 t ! l& ^u :i* ^!    
h\ses /& is no p>ticul> isl&1 b         
contigu\s to ! ma94 ,x is !re=e v       
reasonable to believe1 t :]eas ! anci5ts
 took notice (1 & s accurately describ$1
 all ^? bays & isl&s t 7 inhabit$1 !y   
w\ld n h pass$ by 9 sil5ce ^! two l>ge  
isl&s ^u :i* su* /ately build+s 7       
erect$4 ,& = ?is reason ,i h h]eto jo9$ 
a new map or del9eation ( ,gre5l&1 to %[
 ! contiguity ( ! ,ea/ & ,we/ ,gre5l&1  
agreeably to o!r new *>ts ( ,?ormod] &  
o!rs1 :i* ,i foll[1 z f> z ,i f9d !m n  
contradictory to ! description ( !      
anci5ts & to my own exp]i5ce4     ,,*ap4
 ,,ii4       ,fir/ ,settlem5t ( ,gre5l&1
 ) "s ,?\ghts on !      ,ext9ction ( !  
,norwegian ,colonies2 & :e!r on ! ,ea/  
,side      no ,rema9d]s may be f\nd ( ! 

old ,norwegians3 also1 :e!r !      same 
,tract ( ,l& _c be recov]$4   ,x is     
und\bt$ t ! anci5ts1 n s mu* driv5 by   
any necessity or compulsion z l$ by a   
natural & inbr$ curiosity1 emb>k$ ^u _m 
/range v5tures2 z = in/ance1 to discov] 
& settle colonies 9 s _m =m]ly q unkn[n 
& un9habit$ c\ntries1 to ^: discov]y :at
 p>ticul> accid5ts h mo/ contribut$ we  
le>n by ! sev]al hi/ories & descriptions
 !re(4 ,= ! ,almighty & good ,god1 :o   
has n 9 va9 creat$ ! va/ globe ( ! ,e>?1
 has also n int5d$1 t any "p or prov9ce 
( x %\ld lie buri$ 9 et]nal oblivion1   
useless to mank9d4 ,& t ,gre5l& by su*  
means has be5 discov]$ & inhabit$ by our
 old ,norwegians & ,icel&]s1 we are     
fully in=m$ by ! annals ( ,icel&2 :]e we
 read1 t ! brave & valiant ,erick ,raude
 7or r$7 :o 0 ! fir/ discov]] ( ?is     
c\ntry1 aft] he1 9 company ) sev]al o!r 
,icel&]s1 9 ! ye> ( our ,"l #ihb1 by m]e
 casualty fell 9 ) ! l&1 & _h tak5 a    
survey ( its pres5t /ate1 he return$ to 
,icel& ! next ye>1 #ihc1 spoke mu* 9    

comm5dation ( ! l&1 call+ x ! ,gre5l&1  
by :i* he p]suad$ _m ( 8 c\ntrym5 to    
foll[ him ?i!r1 9 ord] to f9d out places
 fit = dwell+1 & to settle !re#bb4 ,!y  
no soon] 7 arriv$ & settl$ "h1 b !y f\nd
 ,god 0 come along ) !m2 ,i mean ! sav+ 
k ( 8 mo/ holy ,^w4 ,= ! said ,erick    
,raude's son1 call$ ,leif1 aft] he _h   
be5 in/ruct$ 9 ! ,gospel tru?s by ,k+   
,olaf 7:o 0 ! fir/ ,*ri/ian k+ (        
,norway71 br\ght along ) him f ,norway  
to ,gre5l& a prie/1 :o taught & *ri/5$  
all ! inhabitants ( ! c\ntry4 ,?us ?is  
c\ntry has fir/ be5 settl$ by ,norway & 
,icel& colonies1 :i*1 9 aft]-times1 h   
increas$ & be5 provid$ ) _m *ur*es &    
conv5ts1 bi%ops & tea*]s2 :i* la/$ z    
long z ! correspond5ce & navigation     
cont9u$ betwe5 !m & ,norway1 until ! ye>
 #adjf1 :5 ! la/ bi%op 0 s5t ov] to     
,gre5l&4 ,yet ! ,norwegians 7 n !       
orig9al natives ( ! l&2 =1 n long aft]  
_! arrival1 !y met ) ! old inhabitants1 
a savage p dwell+ on ! ,we/]n %ore1     
orig9ally desc5d$ f ! ,am]icans1 z may )

 great probability be ga!r$ f ! agreem5t
 ( _! p]sons1 cu/oms1 & habits ) ^? :o  
dwell to ! ,nor? ( ,hudson's ,bay2 z    
likewise :ile ^?1 t inhabit$ ! ,nor!rn  
p>ts 7n[ kn[n by ! "n ( ,davis's        
,/raits71 advanc$ ne>] & ne>] to ! ,s\?1
 & (t5 made w> ^u ! ,norwegians4        
,conc]n+ ! cause ( ! ru9 & total        
de/ruction ( t s well e/abli%$          
,norwegian colony !re is no?+ f\nd ^u   
record2 ! reason ( :i* ,i ?9k to be1 t  
aft] all correspond5ce & navigation     
ceas$ betwe5 ,gre5l& & ,norway1 p>tly by
 ! *ange & translation ( ! gov]nm5t 9   
,que5 ,m>g>et's reign1 & p>tly by ! next
 foll[+ cont9ual w>s betwe5 ! ,danes &  
,sw$es1 :i* caus$ ! navigation to ^?    
p>ts to be laid aside1 & *iefly by !    
great difficulty & innum]able dang]s (  
su* navigation2 :i* sev]al causes cut (f
 all intellig5ce1 t might be _h ( t     
c\ntry's /ate1 z may be se5 9 ,pontanus 
& ,claudius ,lysc&]4  ,! anci5t         
hi/orians divide ,gre5l& into two p>ts  
or di/ricts1 call$ ,we/ ,bygd1 & ,ea/   

,bygd4 ,z to ! ,we/ di/rict1 :i* is said
 to h conta9$ f\r p>i%es1 & "o hundr$   
villages1 all we f9d 9 ! anci5t hi/ories
 am\nts to ?is1 viz4 t 9 ! f\rte5?      
c5tury x 0 sorely infe/$ by a wild      
nation call$ ,s*rell+s1 & laid s wa/e1 t
 :5 ! inhabitants ( ! ,ea/]n di/rict    
came to ! assi/ance ( ! ,*ri/ians1 & to 
expel ! b>b>\s nation ( ! ,s*rell+s1 :o 
7 fall5 ^u ! ,*ri/ians1 !y f\nd to _!   
great a/oni%m5t ! prov9ce q empti$ ( its
 inhabitants1 & no?+ rema9+ b "s cattle 
& flocks ( %eep1 /ray+ wild & ungu>d$   
r\nd ab\t ! fields & mead[s2 :]e( !y    
kill$ a good numb]1 :i* !y br\ght home )
 !m 9 _! %ips4 ,by :i* x appe>s1 t !    
,norway ,*ri/ians 9 ! ,we/]n di/rict 7  
de/roy$1 & ,*ri/ianity root$ out by !   
savage ,hea!ns4 ,! mod]n inhabitants (  
,we/ ,gre5l&1 be+1 no d\bt1 ! (fspr+ ( !
 be=e m5tion$ wild & b>b>\s ,s*rell+s1 h
 no c]ta9 acc\nt to give u ( ?is matt]2 
?\gh !y w tell y1 t ! old decay$ dwell+ 
places & villages1 ^: ru9s are yet se51 
7 inhabit$ =m]ly by a nation q diff]5t f

 !irs2 & !y also affirm1 :at ! anci5t   
hi/ories tell u1 t _! ance/ors made w> )
 !m1 & de/roy$ !m#bc4  ,n[1 z to !      
,ea/]n di/rict1 its pres5t /ate is      
entirely unkn[n to u1 z !re is no       
approa*+ x ) any %ipp+1 ^u acc\nt ( !   
va/ quantity ( ice1 driv5 f ,spitzb]g5 &
 o!r ,nor!rn coa/s ^u ?is %ore1 :i*1    
adh]+ to ! %ore1 b>ricades ! l&1 & r5d]s
 x :olly inaccessible4 ,we may nev]!less
 ga!r f ! above-m5tion$ exp$ition ( !   
,ea/ ,gre5l&]s aga9/ ! ,s*rell+]s1 t    
aft] ! de/ruction & total ov]?r[ ( !    
,we/]n di/rict & its colonies1 ! ,ea/]n 
7 yet /&+ & fl\ri%+4 ,b 9 :at ye> ?is   
happ5$ no notice is tak5 by ! old       
hi/orians4 ,nev]!less1 f _m tok5s &     
rema9d]s ( probable evid5ce x may be    
inf]r$1 t ! old colony ( ! ,ea/]n       
di/rict is n yet q ext9ct4 ,to !        
confirmation ( :i*1 ,?ormod]1 9 8       
,hi/ory ( ,gre5l&1 all$ges ! foll[+     
passage3--  ,bi%op ,am&1 ( ,%alholt 9   
,icel& 7:o1 anno #aebb1 _h be5          
consecrat$1 b1 anno #aedj1 aga9         

resign$71 once return+ f ,norway to     
,icel&1 0 by a /orm driv5 ,we/w>d ^u !  
coa/ ( ,gre5l&1 :i* he coa/$ = "s "t    
,nor?w>ds1 & made l& t[>ds ! ev5+1 f9d+ 
!mselves (f ,h]jolsness4 ,!y came s ne> 
to ! %ore1 t !y c\ld descry !           
inhabitants driv+ _! flocks 9 ! pa/ure  
gr\nds3 b z ! w9d soon aft] prov$ fair  
!y made all ! sail !y c\ld1 /e]+ =      
,icel&1 :i* !y rea*$ ! day foll[+1 &    
ent]$ ! ,bay ( ,/4 ,patrick1 :i* lies on
 ! ,we/ coa/ ( ! isl&1 9 ! morn+ e>ly1  
:5 !y 7 milk+ _! c[s4  ,birn ( ,sk>saa  
7z we le>n by ! a=esaid ,?ormod]        
,torfag]7 gives ! foll[+ relation3--    
8,9 our "t10 says he1 8"o nam$ ,john    
,gre5l&]1 :o = a consid]able "t _h be5  
employ$ 9 ! s]vice ( ! ,hamburgh        
m]*ants1 9 a voyage f !nce to ,icel&1   
met ) contr>y w9ds & /ormy wea!r1 9 :i* 
he n>r[ly escap$ be+ ca/ away1 & lo/ )  
%ip & crew ^u ! dreadful rocks (        
,gre5l&1 by gett+ 9 at la/ to a f9e bay1
 :i* conta9$ _m isl&s1 :]e he happily   
came to an an*or "u a des]t isl&2 & x 0 

n long be=e he spi$ sev]al o!r isl&s n  
f> (f1 t 7 inhabit$2 :i*1 = fe> ( !     
inhabitants1 he = a :ile did n d>e to   
approa*2 till at la/ he took c\rage1 &  
s5d+ 8 boat on %ore1 w5t to ! next h\se1
 :i* seem$ b v small & mean4 ,"h he f\nd
 all ! acc\trem5ts necess>y to fit out a
 fi%+ boat2 he saw also a fi%+ boo?1 or 
small hut1 made up ( /ones1 to dry fi%  
91 z is cu/om>y 9 ,icel&4 ,!re lay a    
dead body ( a man ext5d$ ^u ! gr\nd ) 8 
face d[nw>ds2 a cap sew$ toge!r on 8    
head2 ! re/ ( 8 clo?+ 0 made p>tly (    
co>se clo?1 & p>tly ( seal sk92 an old  
ru/y knife 0 f\nd at 8 side1 :i* !      
capta9 took1 9 ord] to %[ x to 8 fri5ds 
at 8 return home to ,icel&1 to s]ve = a 
tok5 ( :at he _h se54 ,x is f>!r said1 t
 ?is comm&] 0 ?ree times by /ress (     
wea!r driv5 ^u ! coa/s ( ,gre5l&1 by :i*
 he obta9$ ! surname ( ,gre5l&]40  ,?is 
relation c be ( no m ?an a hundr$ ye>s  
/&+1 z ,!odore ,torlack affirms3 because
 ! above m5tion$ annals1 9 :i* we read  
x1 7 compos$ by ,biorno ( ,sk>saa )9 ^! 

?irty ye>s4  ,! same au?or fur!rmore    
in=ms u1 t 9 ,icel& !re has (t5 be5     
f\nd1 scatt]$ "h & !re on ! sea %ore1   
old brok5 pieces ( deal bo>ds1 p>ts ( ! 
ribs ( boats1 :i* on ! side 7 tack$     
toge!r1 & pa/$ ) a sort ( pit* or glue  
made ( ! blubb] ( seals4 ,n[ x is       
admitt$1 t ?is k9d ( glue is n[h]e made 
use ( b 9 ,gre5l&2 & a boat ( ?is make 0
 9 ! ye> #afbe f\nd ?r[n up1 ^u a po9t (
 l& ne> ,rei*e ,/r&1 ! /ructure ( :i* 0 
v artificial1 jo9$ toge!r ) wood5 nails1
 n unlike t 9 :i* ,asmund ,ka/5razius1 9
 ! ye> #aahi1 9 company ) twelve m51    
cross$ ov] f ,gre5l& to ,icel&2 :i* boat
 0 likewise tack$ toge!r ) wood5 nails1 
& ! s9ews ( animals4 ,! same hi/orian1 9
 8 book ,de ,novitiis ,gro5l&orum       
,indiciis1 tell u1 t "s ye>s ago1 !y    
f\nd an o> ^u ! ,ea/]n %ore ( ,icel&1   
:]eon ^! words 7 c>v$ 9 ,runick *>act]s3
 ,(t v> ek dasc$> ek dro dik1 :i*       
signifies1 8,(t5 0 ,i tir$1 :5 ,i c>ri$ 
!e40 ,besides ?is1 ,i f9d a relation 9 a
 ,g]man writ]1 ^: "n is ,di?m>us        

,blefk5ius1 conc]n+ a c]ta9 monk1 born 9
 ,gre5l&1 :o1 z companion to ! bi%op ( !
 place1 9 ! ye> #aedf made a voyage into
 ,norway1 :]e he liv$ until ! ye> #aefd1
 & :]e1 ! au?or says1 he got acqua9t$ & 
p]sonally conv]s$ ) him4 ,?is monk told 
him _m /range & surpris+ ?+s ( a        
,dom9ican conv5t 9 ,gre5l&1 call$ ,/4   
,?omas's ,conv5t2 to :i* 8 p>5ts s5t him
 9 8 y\? to become a monk ( t ord]4 ,b !
 tru? ( ?is relation is v mu* que/ion$1 
be+1 toge!r ) sev]al o!rs ( ,blefk5ius's
 relations1 refut$ & ga9said by         
,arngrim1 9 8 ,treatise1 entitl$        
,anatome ,blefk5iana4 ,blefk5ius's      
relation is nev]!less confirm$ by sev]al
 o!r au?ors4 ,erasmus ,franciscus1 9 8  
book call$ ,ea/ & ,we/ ,india ,/ate     
,g>d51 9 a place :]e he treats ( ,gre5l&
 tells u1 t a capta9 ( a ,dani% %ip1 by 
"n ,jacob ,hall1 be+ ord]$ by ! ,k+ 8   
ma/] to und]take a voyage to ,gre5l&1 he
 t\*$ fir/ at ,icel&1 :]e he f ! ,k+'s  
lieut5ant got intellig5ce ( ,gre5l&1 :i*
 be=e 0 unkn[n to him4 ,& t he might ! m

 fully be in=m$ ( e ?+ relat+ to ?is    
matt]1 a c]ta9 monk 0 s5t = to in/ruct  
him h]e91 :o 0 said to be a native (    
,gre5l&2 ( :om ! said ,jacob ,hall1 9 8 
%ort description1 gives ! foll[+ acc\nt1
 accord+ to our above-m5tion$ au?or1    
,erasmus ,fransciscus4       8,!re has  
=m]ly be5 a conv5t 9 ,icel&1 call$      
,helgafield1      or ,holy ,m\nta91 9   
:i*1 ?\gh x 0 decay$1 liv$ a c]ta9      
fri>1 native ( ,gre5l&1 ) a broad &     
tawny face4 ,?is fri>      0 s5t = by ! 
,k+'s lieut5ant1 9 ! pres5ce ( ,jacob   
,hall1 :o want$ to be in=m$ ( ! /ate (  
,gre5l&4 ,!      fri> accord+ly told    
him1 t be+ v "y1 he 0 ent]$      into   
?is conv5t by 8 p>5ts2 & t he aft]w>ds 0
      comm&$ by ! same bi%op1 ( :om he  
_h receiv$ ! holy      ord]s1 to g along
 ) him f !nce to ,norway1 :]e he        
submitt$ himself to ! bi%op ( ,dron!im1 
to ^: au?ority      & jurisdiction all !
 prie/s ( ,icel& 7 subject2 & be+       
return$ to 8 native home1 he aga9 retir$
 & %ut himself up      9 8 =m] conv5t4  

,?is is said to h happ5$ 9 ! ye>        
#aedf4 ,he said moreov]1 t 9 ! conv5t ( 
,/4 ,?omas1 :]e he      also _h pass$ "s
 "t1 !re 0 a well ( burn+ hot wat]1     
:i*1 ?r\gh pipes1 0 convey$ into all !  
rooms & cells (      ! conv5t to w>m    
!m40  ,b ,i ?9k !re is z mu* reason to  
"q ! au!nticity ( ?is relation z ( !    
=m]1 inasmu* z !re is no su* ?+ to be   
f\nd 9 our ,dani% ar*ives or annals4    
,not)/&+ :i*1 :at conc]ns ,/4 ,?omas's  
conv5t 9 p>ticul> is confess$1 &        
confirm$ by ! old hi/ories ( ,gre5l&4   
,nicolas ,z5etur1 a ,v5etian by bir?1 :o
 s]v$ ! ,k+ ( ,d5m>k 9 ! quality ( a sea
 capta91 is said by *ance to h be5 driv5
 ^u ! coa/ ( ,gre5l& 9 ! ye> #achj2 & to
 h se5 t same ,dom9ican conv5t4 ,8      
relation is all$g$ by ,kir*]us 9 !      
foll[+ words3--       8,"h is also a    
,dom9ican conv5t to be se51 d$icat$ to  
,/4      ,?omas1 9 ^: neighb\rhood !re  
is a volcano ( a m\nta9      t vomits   
fire1 & at ! foot !re( a well ( burn+   
hot      wat]4 ,?is hot wat] is n only  

convey$ by pipes into !      conv5t1 &  
?r\gh all ! cells ( ! fri>s to keep !m  
w>m1      z ) u ! rooms are heat$ by    
/oves ( wood fire or o!r      fuel2 b "h
 !y also boil & bake _! meat & bread )  
! same4 ,?is volcano1 or fi]y m\nta91   
?r[s out su* a      quantity ( pumice   
/one1 t x ha? furni%$ mat]ials = !      
con/ruction ( ! :ole conv5t4 ,!re are   
also f9e g>d5s1      :i* reap great     
b5efit f ?is hot wat]1 adorn$ ) all     
sorts ( fl[]s1 & full ( fruit4 ,& aft] !
 riv] has      wat]$ ^! g>d5s1 x empties
 itself into ! adjo9+ bay1      :i*     
causes x nev] to freeze1 & great numb]s 
( fi% & sea      f[l flock ?i!r1 :i*    
yields pl5tiful provision = !           
n\ri%m5t ( ! inhabitants40  ,( all !    
atte/$ relations1 t ( ,biorno ( ,sk>saa1
 conc]n+ ,bi%op ,amund ( ,skalholt1 :o 0
 driv5 ^u ! coa/ ( ,gre5l&1 des]ves mo/ 
to be cr$it$2 by :i* we le>n1 t ! colony
 ( ! ,ea/]n di/rict fl\ri%$ ab\t "o     
hundr$ & fifty ye>s aft] ! comm]ce &    
navigation ceas$ betwe5 ,norway &       

,gre5l&2 &1 = aught we "k1 is n yet     
:olly de/itute ( its old ,norwegian     
inhabitants4 ,we h n be5 able to get any
 acc\nt ( ?is matt] f ! mod]n ,gre5l&]s1
 z !y ent]ta9 no correspond5ce ) ^?     
p>ts3 ei!r be+ h9d]$ by ! ice1 :i* r5d]s
 !m altoge!r inaccessible2 or else = fe>
 ! inhabitants ( t c\ntry might kill &  
dev\r !m2 = !y repres5t !m z a cruel1   
b>b>\s1 & inhuman nation1 t de/roy & eat
 all =eign]s t fall into _! h&s4 ,yet   
not)/&+ ?is1 if we may believe !        
relation ( ^? adv5tur]s1 :o h coa/$ a   
great "p ( ! ,ea/]n %ore1 !re is no o!r 
sort ( inhabitants f\nd on ?is ?an on ! 
,we/]n side4 ,b h[ x comes to pass1 t ! 
,ea/]n di/rict1 :i* 0 s well settl$ )   
,norway & ,icel& colonies1 t x conta9$  
twelve l>ge p>i%es1 & "o hundr$ & n9ety 
villages1 besides "o bi%op's see & two  
conv5ts1 & fl\ri%$ till ! ye> #aedj1 at 
la/ has be5 de/roy$ & laid wa/e1 is :at 
,i _c conceive4 ,! op9ion ( "s1 t !     
black plague1 s call$1 :i* ravag$ !     
,nor!rn c\ntries 9 ! ye> #acdh1 also    

rea*$ ,gre5l&1 & made its havock among  
its ,ea/]n colonies1 is )\t any gr\nd or
 reason2 because ! comm]ce 0 c>ri$ into 
,gre5l& until ! ye> #adjf2 & 9 #aedj t  
colony 0 /ill subsi/+4 ,if !re=e ?is    
di/rict be de/itute or b]eft ( its old  
inhabitants1 x is n unlikely !y h       
und]gone ! same fatality z ! ,we/]n     
ones1 be+ de/roy$ by ! b>b>ity ( !      
savage ,s*rell+]s4  ,a :ole c5tury pass$
 f ! cessation ( all comm]ce &          
navigation betwe5 ,norway & ,gre5l&1    
till new adv5tur]s began to apply       
!mselves to ! discov]y ( ! ,ea/]n       
di/rict4 ,! fir/ ( ^? :o took ?is affair
 to he>t 0 ,erick ,walk5dorff1 ar*bi%op 
( ,dron!im1 :o 0 resolv$1 at 8 own *>ge1
 to fit out %ips = ?is purpose1 b 0     
/opp$ 9 ?is pi\s design by ,k+ ,*ri/ian 
! ,second1 ^: disgrace he _h incurr$4 ,!
 next 0 ,k+ ,fr$]ick ! ,fir/1 ^: m9d1 z 
x is report$1 0 b5t ^u ! said exp$ition1
 b x 0 nev] put 9 execution4 ,*ri/ian ! 
,?ird 7z ,lysc&] relates7 s5t sev]al    
%ips ) ! same design1 b )\t mak+ any    

discov]y4 ,fr$]ick ! ,second succe$$ 8  
royal fa!r1 z well 9 ! gov]nm5t z 9 8   
good design ab\t ,gre5l&2 on :i* err& he
 s5t ,mog5s ,he9son1 a r5[n$ seaman 9 ^?
 days4 ,?is adv5tur]1 aft] he _h gone   
?r\gh _m difficulties & dang]s ( /orms &
 ice1 got sight ( ! l&1 b c\ld n approa*
 x2 :]eupon he return$ home aga91 &     
pret5d$1 t he might h got on %ore1 if 8 
%ip _h n be5 /opp$ 9 ! mid/ ( its c\rse1
 by "s load/one rocks hidd5 9 ! sea1 s t
 he c\ld n proce$ ?\gh he _h a v        
fav\rable & /rong gale ( w9d1 & no ice  
to h9d] him3 :i* fright5$ him & made him
 sail back aga9 to ,d5m>k4 ,b ! true    
load/one rocks1 9 my op9ion1 0 ! t]rible
 fright he 0 9 ( n gett+ safe ?r\gh !   
dreadful ice m\nta9s1 :i* ?reat5$ him1  
or else ! /rong curr5t1 :i* always runs 
along ! /ates promontory ) su* viol5ce &
 rapidity1 t x (t5 /ops a %ip "u full   
sail1 s t ! %ip c make b little or no   
way at all aga9/ x4 ,! cause by o!rs    
assign$ = ?is /range effect1 ! fi%      
,remora1 :i* ! ,nor?l&]s call ,krack51  

is no?+ b a fabul\s /ory ( ! too cr$ul\s
 anci5ts1 & lab\rs "u no less           
absurdities ?an ! =m] op9ion1 t rocks ( 
load/one1 lay+ on ! bottom ( ! sea1 c   
/ay ! c\rse ( a %ip t sails on ! surface
 ( x4  ,9 ! same ye> t ,mog5s ,he9son   
w5t ^u ! ,gre5l& discov]y1 ! ,engli%    
hi/ories in=m u1 t ,capta9 ,m>t9        
,frobi%]1 an ,engli%man1 0 by ! glori\s 
,que5 ,elizabe? s5t ^u ! same err&4 ,?is
 adv5tur] got sight ( ! l&1 b be+ p>tly 
h9d]$ by ! ice1 :i* adh]$ to x1 & p>tly 
by ! %ortness ( ! w9t] days 7= x 0 late 
9 ! ye>71 he c\ld n approa* x1 & s      
return$ to ,engl& aga94 ,next ye> 9 !   
spr+1 he w5t ^u ! same exp$ition ) ?ree 
%ips4 ,aft] hav+ gone ?r\gh _m great    
dang]s ( ! ice & /orms1 he at l5g? rea*$
 ! %ore1 :]e he f\nd a wild & savage    
nation2 :o1 :5 !y saw ! ,engli% com+ to 
!m1 be+ fright5$1 left _! huts1 & ran   
away to hide !mselves4 ,"s f ! highe/   
rocks ?rew !mselves into ! sea2 :]eupon 
! ,engli% ent]$ _! huts1 :]e !y met )   
nobody b an old woman1 & a "y "o1 :o 0  

pregnant1 & ^? !y c>ri$ away ) !m4 ,x is
 also report$1 t !y "h f\nd "s s& :i*   
conta9$ p>ticles ( gold & silv]1 ( :i*  
!y fill$ ?ree hundr$ tuns1 & br\ght x   
home ) !m to ,engl&4 ,z to ?is gold &   
silv] s&1 ,i _c help que/ion+ :e!r !y   
f\nd any su* on ! ,gre5l& %ore1 inasmu* 
z ,sir ,m>t91 9 ! same /ra91 relates    
wond]ful ?+s ( ! polit5ess & civility ( 
a nation t dwelt 9 ^? p>ts2 ( :i* he    
says1 !y 7 gov]n$ by a pr9ce1 :om !y    
call$ ,kakiunge2 & c>ri$ him 9 /ate on  
_! %\ld]s1 clo!d 9 ri* /utfs1 & adorn$ )
 gold & preci\s /ones1 :i* does n at all
 agree ) ! meanness & co>s5ess ( ,gre5l&
 & its inhabitants2 b r seems to belong 
to ! ri* k+doms ( ,p]u & ,mexico1 :]e   
gold & silv] ab\nds2 & f :5ce he may h  
br\ght ! above-m5tion$ gold & silv] s&4 
,b ,i ?9k x high "t to leave su* unc]ta9
 relations to _! wor?2 & turn our ?\ghts
 t[>ds ! pi\s endeav\rs ( our mo/       
graci\s sov]eigns ! ,k+s ( ,d5m>k to    
discov] & recov] ,gre5l& aga94 ,an we   
f9d1 t aft] ! exp$itions ( ,fr$]ick !   

,second1 ,*ri/ian ! ,f\r?1 8 successor1 
) great co/1 ord]$ f\r diff]5t          
exp$itions = ?is discov]y4 ,! fir/ 0    
und]tak51 "u ! comm& ( ,godske ,l9d5[1 )
 ?ree %ips4 ,&1 z ! hi/ory tells1 ,l9d5[
 ) 8 %ip arriv$ ^u ! ,ea/ coa/ ( ,gre5l&
 7:i* ,i h>dly c believe71 & f\nd none b
 wild1 uncivilis$ p !re1 l ^? ,frobi%]  
is said fir/ to h met )4 ,he /aid !re   
?ree days1 dur+ :i* "t ! wild ,gre5l&]s 
came to trade ) him2 *ang+ all sorts (  
furs & sk9s ) pieces ( preci\s horns1   
aga9/ all k9ds ( small trifl+ iron w>e1 
z knives1 sciss>s1 ne$les1 common look+ 
glasses1 & o!r su* trifles4 ,:5 he set  
sail f !nce1 !re 7 two ,gre5l&]s rema9+ 
9 ! %ip1 :om he c>ri$ (f1 & br\ght !m   
home along ) him3 ^! z !y made all _!   
endeav\r to get away f him1 & sometimes 
w\ld h jump$ into ! sea1 !y 7 oblig$ to 
tie & secure !m2 :i*1 :5 _! c\ntrym5    
obs]v$1 :o flock$ toge!r ^u ! %ore1 !y  
made a hide\s outcry & h[l+1 flung      
/ones1 & %ot _! arr[s at ! sailors1 ^u  
:i* !y f ! %ip fir$ a gun1 :i* fright5$ 

& disp]s$ !m2 & s ! %ip left !m4 ,! two 
o!r %ips1 t set sail 9 company & "u !   
comm& ( ,l9d5[1 aft] !y _h d\bl$ ,cape  
,f>ewell1 /e]$ directly = ! ,/rait (    
,davis2 9 :i* navigation !y discov]$ _m 
f9e h>b\rs & delightful gre5 mead[ l&s1 
b all ! inhabitants along ! coa/ wild & 
savage z be=e4 ,x is pret5d$ also1 t !y 
9 "s places f\nd /ones1 :i* conta9$ "s  
silv] ore1 :i* !y took along ) !m2 ( :i*
 "o hundr$ p\nds yield$ tw5ty-six ounces
 ( silv]4 7,"h aga9 ,i _c =be> que/ion+1
 :e!r ?is silv] ore has be5 f\nd on !   
,gre5l& %ore1 or r ov] aga9/ x on !     
,am]ican coa/47 ,^! two %ips also br\ght
 f\r savages home ) !m to ,cop5hag54  ,!
 second exp$ition 0 made by ord] ( !    
same ,k+ 9 ! ye> #afjf1 ) five %ips "u !
 conduct ( ! be=e-m5tion$ ,admiral      
,l9d5[2 br++ along ) !m ?ree ( ! savages
 7"o ( !m dy+ 9 ! voyage7 :i* !y _h     
c>ri$ (f ! ye> be=e f ,gre5l&4 ,b ?is "t
 he direct$ 8 c\rse to ! ,we/w>d ( ,cape
 ,f>ewell1 /&+ = ! ,/raits ( ,davis2 :]e
 he1 coa/+ along1 took ! survey ( sev]al

 places1 & !n return$ home aga94  ,!    
?ird & la/ exp$ition ( ?is glori\s ,k+ 0
 only ( two %ips1 comm&$ by ,capta9     
,c>/5 ,ri*>ds1 a ,hol/5ian by bir?2 he  
spi$ ! l& & its high & craggy rocks af> 
(f1 b c\ld n come ne> x on acc\nt ( !   
ice2 & s1 aft] he _h lo/ 8 lab\r he     
return$ home4  ,! f\r? exp$ition ( ,k+  
,*ri/ian ! ,f\r?1 "u ! conduct ( ,capta9
 ,j5s ,munck1 9 ! ye> #afaf1 0 n made = 
! discov]+ ( ,gre5l& b to f9d out a     
passage betwe5 ,gre5l& & ,am]ica to     
,*9a2 ! mis=tunes ( :i* exp$ition are   
relat$ by ! said comm&]4  ,!re 01       
besides ^! f\r exp$itions at ! ,k+'s    
co/1 a fif? und]tak51 9 ! same ,k+'s    
reign1 by a company settl$ 9 ,cop5hag5 9
 ! ye> #afcf1 ( :i* company ! presid5t 0
 ! "l high *ancellor1 ,*ri/ian ,friis1 z
 ,lysc&] in=ms u4 ,two %ips fitt$ out by
 ?is company1 direct+ _! c\rse to !     
,we/w>d ( ,gre5l&1 fell 9 ) ! ,/raits ( 
,davis1 :]e !y trad$ = a :ile ) !       
savages2 b ?is 0 n ! ma9 conc]n ( !     
comm&]1 :o 0 acqua9t$ ) a coa/1 ^: s& _h

 ! col\r & weight ( gold1 :i* he        
accord+ly did n miss1 & fill$ bo? _!    
%ips ) ! same4 ,aft] _! return to       
,cop5hag51 ! goldsmi?s 7 ord]$ to make a
 trial1 :e!r ?is s& w\ld yield any gold 
or n2 :o1 n be+ skilful en\gh to make   
su* a trial1 condemn$ x to be all ?r[n  
ov]bo>d1 :i* 0 done by ord] ( ! high    
*ancellor1 presid5t ( ! company4 ,"s "p 
( ! said s& 0 yet kept out ( curiosity1 
out ( :i* an artific]1 :o aft]w>ds came 
to ,cop5hag51 did extract a good deal ( 
pure gold4 ,! hone/ & well-mean+ comm&]1
 :o w5t ^u ?is adv5ture1 0 turn$ out (  
fav\r1 & di$ ( grief soon aft]2 :]eby1 n
 only ! treasure !y _h br\ght home1 b   
also ! k ( ! place :]e x 0 to be f\nd1 0
 entirely lo/1 z he kept ?is a secret to
 himself4  ,9 ! ye> #afed1 dur+ ! reign 
( ,k+ ,fr$]ick ! ,?ird1 a noble & weal?y
 adv5tur]1 by "n ,h5ry ,mull]1 fitt$ out
 a %ip = ,gre5l&1 "u ! comm& ( ,david de
 ,nelles1 :o arriv$ safe 9 ,gre5l&1 &   
br\ght f !nce ?ree wom51 ^: names 7     
,kunelik1 ,kabelau1 & ,sigok\2 :o1      

accord+ to ! op9ion ( ,bi%op ,torlais1  
:o _h p]us$ ! said capta9's j\rnal1 7   
tak5 9 ! neighb\rhood ( ,h]jolsness1 on 
! ,ea/]n %ore1 z ,?ormod] ,torfu        
pret5ds2 b :i* ,i _c be made to believe4
 ,my op9ion is1 !y 7 br\ght f ! ,we/]n  
%ore1 ne> ,baal's ,riv]1 z "s ( !       
inhabitants1 :o are /ill liv+1 _h 9 fre%
 remembrance1 tell+ me _! names1 z !y   
are laid d[n 9 ! =e-m5tion$ ,j\rnal4  ,!
 la/ adv5tur]1 t 0 s5t ^u ! discov]y (  
,gre5l&1 accord+ to ,torfu 9 8 ,hi/ory (
 ,gre5l&1 0 ,capta9 ,otto ,axelson1 9 ! 
ye> #afgj1 9 ! reign ( ,*ri/ian ,v (    
glori\s memory4 ,b :at success ?is      
adv5tur] met ) he leaves u to guess4    
,nev]!less we f9d1 9 a manuscript       
description ( ,gre5l&1 writt5 by        
,arngrim ,vidal91 ,"p iii1 *ap4 #a1 t 8 
said maje/y did invite1 & ) great       
privileges enc\rage ,mr4 ,george        
,tormhl51 c\nsellor ( comm]ce at ,b]g51 
to fit out %ips = ! said discov]y2      
:]eupon ! said c\nsellor n only got     
ready %ipp+ well /or$ = su* an          

exp$ition1 b also got toge!r a numb] (  
pass5g]s1 :o resolv$ to g & settle 9 ^? 
p>ts1 :om he provid$ ) all ?+s necess>y 
= t purpose2 bo? provision & ammunition1
 z well z h\ses made ( timb]1 ready to  
be erect$ 9 t c\ntry4 ,b ?is great      
design misc>ri$1 ! %ip be+ tak5 by !    
,fr5* & br\ght into ,dunkirk4  ,?us1 = a
 long :ile1 x seem$1 t all ?\ght (      
,gre5l& 0 laid aside until ! ye> #agba2 
:5 aft] _m well-meant invitations1 &    
projects propos$ by me to ! ,gre5l&     
company at ,b]g5 9 ,norway1 approv$ &   
au?oris$ by 8 late maje/y ,fr$]ick ,,iv 
( glori\s memory1 ! company !reupon     
resolv$ n only to s5d %ips1 b also to   
settle a colony 9 ,gre5l& 9 #fd2 :5 ,i  
w5t ov] ) my :ole family & rema9$ !re   
fifte5 ye>s4 ,dur+ my /ay ,i endeav\r$  
to get all ! intellig5ce t c\ld be      
procur$ bo? by sea & l& ( ! pres5t /ate 
( ! c\ntry1 & did n lose my lab\r2 = ,i 
f\nd "s places t =m]ly 7 inhabit$ by !  
old ,norwegians1 on ! ,we/]n %ore4 ,:i* 
exp$ition ,i h lately treat$ ( 9 ano!r  

treatise1 & set out 9 all its           
circum/ances1 & ) all ! difficulties x  
has lab\r$ "u2 :]e=e ,i ?9k x ne$ n be  
"h repeat$4  ,b :]eas my ma9 drift &    
endeav\r has be5 all along *iefly to    
discov] ! ,ea/]n di/rict ( ,gre5l&1 :i* 
always 0 reckon$ ! be/ ( our anci5t     
colonies1 accord+ly ,i receiv$ f ! above
 m5tion$ ,gre5l& company at ,b]g5 a     
lett]1 9 ! ye> #agbc1 9 :i* ,i 0 told1 t
 x 0 8 maje/y's pleasure1 t ! ,ea/      
di/rict might likewise be visit$ &      
discov]$4 ,:i* ! bett] to effectuate1 ,i
 took ! resolution to make ?is voyage 9 
p]son2 & accord+ly ,i coa/$ x ,s\?w>ds1 
z f> z to ! ,/ates ,promontory1 look+   
out = ! ,/rait ( ,frobi%]1 :i* w\ld h   
be5 my %orte/ way1 accord+ to ^? *>ts1  
:i* lay ! said /rait d[n 9 ?is place2 b 
su* a /rait ,i c\ld n f9d4 ,n[ z x grew 
too late 9 ! ye> = me to proce$ f>!r1 ! 
mon? ( ,septemb] be+ ne>ly at an end1 :5
 ! w9t] season beg9s 9 ^? p>ts1         
accompani$ by dreadful /orms1 ,i 0      
oblig$ to return4  ,9 ! ye> #agbd !     

directors ( ! said ,b]g5 company1       
accord+ to 8 maje/y's good w & pleasure1
 fitt$ out a %ip to attempt a l&+ on !  
,ea/]n %ore1 z _h be5 =m]ly practis$ on 
t coa/ :i* lies opposite to ,icel&4 ,b !
 surpris+ quantity ( ice1 :i* b>ricado$ 
! coa/1 made t ent]prise prove abortive 
& q misc>ry1 z _m o!rs _h done4 ,z !re 0
 no appe>ance = %ips to approa* ?is     
%ore1 ! same k+1 9 ! ye> #agbh1 resolv$1
 besides o!r v consid]able exp5ses1 to h
 horses transport$ to ?is colony1 9     
hopes1 t ) _! help !y might travel by l&
 to ?is ,ea/]n di/rict3 b no?+ 0 m      
impossible ?an ?is1 project1 on acc\nt (
 ! impracticable1 high1 & craggy m\nta9s
 p]petually cov]$ ) ice & sn[1 :i* nev] 
?aws4 ,ano!r new attempt by sea 0 by    
ord] ( ! said k+ made 9 ! ye> #agbi1 by 
,lieut5ant ,ri*>d2 :o ) 8 %ip pass$ !   
w9t] ne> ! new ,dani% colony1 9 ,gre5l&1
 & 9 8 voyage back to ,d5m>k made all ! 
endeav\rs he c\ld to come at ! a=esaid  
%ore1 opposite to ,icel&2 b all to no   
purpose1 be+ h]e9 disappo9t$1 l ! re/   

be=e him4  ,all ^! difficulties &       
cont9ual disappo9tm5ts h made mo/ p lose
 all hopes ( succe$+ 9 ?is attempt3     
nev]!less1 ,i flatt] myself to h hit    
luckily on an exp$i5t1 :i* to me seems n
 impracticable ?\gh hi!rto n tri$1 or at
 lea/ b lightly execut$2 viz4 to        
endeav\r to coa/ ! l& f ! ,/ates        
,promontory1 or 7z we call x7 ,cape     
,pr9ce ,*ri/ian1 ,nor?w>ds4 ,! in=mation
 ,i h _h ( "s ,gre5l&]s1 :o 9 _! boats h
 coa/$ a great "p ( ! ,ea/ side1        
confirms me 9 my op9ion2 = al?\gh an    
incr$ible quantity ( driv5 ice ye>ly    
comes f ,spitzb]g5 or ,new ,gre5l& along
 ?is coa/1 & passes by ! ,/ates         
,promontory1 :i* h9d]s ! approa*+ ( %ips
 z f> z ! ice /ret*es1 :]eab\t ! be/ "p 
( ! ,norwegian colonies 7 settl$2 yet   
!re h be5 f\nd breaks & op5 sea ne> !   
%ore1 ?r\gh :i* boats & small] vessels  
may pass2 & accord+ to ! relation ( !   
,gre5l&]s1 z well z agreeably to my own 
exp]i5ce1 ! curr5t1 t comes out ( ! bays
 & inlets1 always runn+ along ! %ore    

,s\? ,we/w>ds1 h9d]s ! ice f adh]+ to ! 
l&1 & keeps x at a di/ance f ! %ore2 by 
:i* means ! ,gre5l&]s at c]ta9 times1   
)\t any h9drance1 h pass$ & repass$ "p (
 ?is coa/ 9 _! kone boats 7s !y call _! 
l>ge boats72 ?\gh !y h n be5 s f> z :]e 
! old ,norway colonies _h _! settlem5t2 
( :i* no d\bt !re are /ill "s ru9s to be
 se5 on ?is ,ea/]n %ore4 ,fur!rmore ,i h
 be5 cr$ibly in=m$ by ,dut* seam5 t     
frequ5t ^! seas1 t sev]al ( _! %ips h at
 times f\nd ! ,ea/ side ( ,gre5l& cle>$ 
( ! ice z f> z #fb2 & !y _h t>ri$ "s "t 
among ! out rocks on t coa/1 :]e !y     
c>ri$ on a pr(itable trade ) ! savages4 
,& ,i myself1 9 my return f ,gre5l&     
homew>ds 9 ! ye> #agcf1 f\nd x to be s  
:5 we pass$ ! ,/ates ,promontory & ,cape
 ,f>ewell1 & /ood 9 ne> ! %ore1 :]e at t
 "t !re 0 no ice to be se51 :i* o!rwise 
is v uncommon4 ,b z ?is happ5s s seldom1
 x is v unc]ta9 & unsafe = any %ip to   
v5ture s f> up "u ! ,ea/]n %ore4 ,b1 z  
,i obs]v$ a little be=e1 x is m safe &  
practicable to coa/ x f ! ,promontory   

along ! %ore 9 small vessels2 especially
 if !re be a lodge erect$ 9 ! latitude (
 betwe5 #fj & #fa3 & x w\ld be /ill m   
conv5i5t1 if !re c\ld be a way & means  
f\nd likewise to place a lodge on !     
,ea/]n %ore 9 ! same latitude4 ,=       
accord+ to ! acc\nt ! anci5ts h left u (
 ,gre5l&1 ! di/ance ( gr\nd t lies      
uncultivat$ betwe5 ! ,we/ & ,ea/ side is
 b twelve ,norway miles by wat]4 ,see   
,iv>us ,b]i's relation2 or1 accord+ to a
 lat] computation1 x is a j\rney ( six  
days 9 a boat4 ,& z ! ru9s ( old        
habitations1 :i* ,i h discov]$ betwe5   
#fj & #fa1 are )\t d\bt 9 ! mo/ ,s\!rly 
"p ( ! ,we/ side1 x ( necessity foll[s1 
t ! di/ance _c be v great f !nce to !   
mo/ ,s\!rn ,p>ts ( ! ,ea/]n side4 ,n[1  
if x %\ld be f\nd practicable1 at c]ta9 
times1 to pass along ! %ore ) boats or  
small %ips to ! ,ea/ side1 to ! latitude
 ( #fc & #fd1 little lodges might be    
settl$ "h & !re ) colonies2 by :i* means
 a con/ant correspond5ce might be kept1 
& mutual assi/ance giv5 to "o ano!r1    

?\gh l>g] %ips c\ld n ye>ly visit e "o (
 !m1 b only t\* at ! mo/ ,s\!rly ones4  
,i am also p]suad$1 t ! ?+ is feasible1 
& if x %\ld please ,god 9 8 m]cy to =w>d
 ?is affair1 colonies might be e/abli%$ 
"h1 :i*1 )\t great tr\ble1 might be     
suppli$ ye>ly ) all necess>ies4         
,,*ap ,,iii4  ,illu/ration  ,treats ( ! 
,nature ( ! ,soil1 ,plants1 & ,m9]als ( 
,gre5l&4   ,z to ! nature ( ! soil1 we  
are in=m$ by anci5t hi/ories1 t !       
,gre5l& colonies br$ a numb] ( cattle1  
:i* af=d$ !m milk1 butt]1 & *eese 9 su* 
abundance1 t a great quantity !re( 0    
br\ght ov] to ,norway1 & = its prime &  
p>ticul> goodness 0 set ap>t = ! ,k+'s  
kit*51 :i* 0 practis$ until ! reign (   
,que5 ,m>g>et4 ,we also read 9 ^!       
hi/ories1 t "s p>ts ( ! c\ntry yield$ ! 
*oice/ :eat corn1 & 9 ! dales or valleys
 ! oak trees br\ght =? acorns ( !       
bigness ( an apple1 v good to eat#bd4 ,!
 woods af=d$ pl5ty ( game ( re9 de]1    
h>es1 c4 = ! sport ( huntsm54 ,! riv]s1 
bays1 & ! seas furni%$ an inf9ite numb] 

( fi%es1 seals1 morses1 & :ales2 ( :i*  
all ! inhabitants make a consid]able    
trade & comm]ce4 ,& ?\gh ! c\ntry at    
pres5t _c boa/ ( ! same pl5ty & ri*ness1
 z x lies de/itute ( colonies1 cattle1 &
 uncultivat$2 yet ,i d n d\bt1 b ! old  
dwell+ places1 =m]ly inhabit$ & manur$  
by ! anci5t ,norway colonies1 might     
recov] _! =m] f]tility1 if !y 7 aga9    
peopl$ ) m5 & cattle2 inasmu* z ab\t ^? 
places !re gr[s f9e grass1 especially f 
#fj to #fe4 ,9 ! great ,bay1 :i* 9 ! sea
 *>ts goes "u ! "n ( ,baal's ,riv]1 & at
 pres5t is call$ ! ,bay ( ,good ,hope 7f
 ! ,dani% colony settl$ ne> ! entrance (
 ?is inlet71 !re are on bo? sides ( !   
colony _m good pieces ( mead[ gr\nd1 = !
 graz+ & pa/ur+ numb]s ( cattle1 besides
 pl5ty ( provision1 :i* ! sea z well z !
 l& yields4 ,trees or woods ( any       
consid]ation are r>ely met )2 yet ,i h  
f\nd 9 mo/ ( ! bays und]woods & %rubs 9 
great quantity1 especially ( bir*1 elm1 
& will[s1 :i* af=d suffici5t fuel = !   
use ( ! inhabitants1 ,! l>ge/ wood ,i h 

se5 is 9 ! latitude ( #fj & #fa1 :]e ,i 
f\nd bir* trees two or ?ree fa?om high1 
some:at ?ick] ?an a man's leg or arm3   
small junip] trees gr[ also "h 9        
abundance1 ! b]ries ( :i* are ( !       
bigness ( grey peas4 ,! h]b call$ quaun1
 :i* is our angelica1 is v obvi\s &     
common1 z well z wild rosem>y1 :i* has !
 ta/e & smell ( turp5t9e2 ( :i*1 by     
di/illation1 is extract$ a f9e oil & _s1
 ( great use 9 m$ic9e4 ,t preci\s h]b1  
scurvy grass1 ! mo/ excell5t rem$y = !  
cure ( ! di/emp] :i* gives its "n1 gr[s 
ev]y:]e on ! sea side1 & has n s bitt] a
 ta/e z t ( s(t] climates2 ,i h se5     
wond]ful effects ( its cure4 ,! c\ntry  
also produces a grass ) yell[ fl[]s1 ^: 
root smells 9 ! spr+ l roses3 !         
inhabitants fe$ !reupon1 & f9d b5efit by
 x4 ,9 ! bays & inlets y h wild ?yme at 
! side ( ! m\nta9s1 :i* aft] sunset     
yields a fragrant smell4 ,"h also y meet
 ) ! h]b torm5til1 or setfoil1 & a great
 _m o!r h]bs1 plants1 & vegetables1 :i* 
,i _c call to m9d1 & ^: names inde$ are 

altoge!r unkn[n to me4 ,_! mo/ common   
b]ries are ^? call$ blew-b]ries1        
tittle-b]ries1 & bramble-b]ries4        
,multe-b]ries1 :i* are common 9 ,norway1
 d n arrive "h to any p]fection1 on     
acc\nt ( ! ?ick fogs t hang ^u ! isl&s1 
:5 ^! plants bud4 ,?is c\ntry af=ds !   
mo/ pleasant prospect ab\t ! latitude ( 
#fj to #fd1 & seems fit to be manur$ = !
 produce ( all sorts ( gra92 & !re are  
to ?is day m>ks ( acres & arable l& to  
be obs]v$4 ,i myself once made a trial (
 s[+ b>ley 9 ! bay jo9+ to our new      
colony1 :i* sprung up s fa/1 t x /ood 9 
its full e>s t[>ds ! latt] end ( ,july2 
b did n come to rip5ess1 on acc\nt ( !  
night fro/ :i* nipp$ x & h9d]$ its gr[?4
 ,b z ?is gra9 0 br\ght ov] f ,b]g5 9   
,norway1 no d\bt x want$ a long] summ] &
 m heat to rip54 ,b ,i am ( op9ion1 t   
corn :i* gr[s 9 ! m ,nor!rn p>ts (      
,norway w\ld ?rive bett] 9 ,gre5l&1     
inasmu* z ^? climates agree bett]       
toge!r4 ,turnips & cole are v good "h1 &
 ( a sweet ta/e1 especially ! turnips1  

:i* are pretty l>ge4  ,i mu/ obs]ve to  
y1 t all t has be5 said ( ! fruitfulness
 ( ! ,gre5l& soil is to be und]/ood ( ! 
latitude ( #fj to #fe1 & diff]s accord+ 
to ! diff]5t degrees ( latitude4 ,= 9 ! 
mo/ ,nor!rn p>ts y f9d nei!r h]bs nor   
plants2 s t ! inhabitants _c ga!r grass 
en\gh to put 9 _! %oes to keep _! feet  
w>m1 b are oblig$ to buy x f ! ,s\!rn   
p>ts4  ,( ,gre5l& metals or m9]als ,i h 
little or no?+ to say4 ,x is true1 t    
ab\t two ,norway miles to ! ,s\? ( !    
colony ( ,good ,hope1 on a promontory1  
!re are "h & !re gre5 spots to be se51 l
 v]digris1 :i* %[s !re mu/ be "s copp]  
ore4 ,& a c]ta9 ,gre5l&] once br\ght me 
"s pieces n unlike lead ore4 ,!re is    
likewise a sort ( calam9e1 :i* has !    
col\r ( yell[ brass4 ,9 my exp$ition ^u 
discov]ies1 ,i f\nd1 on a little isl&   
:]e we t\*$1 "s yell[ s&1 mix$ ) s9ople 
r$1 or v]million /rokes1 ( :i* ,i s5t a 
quantity ov] to ! directors ( ! ,gre5l& 
company at ,b]g51 to make a trial ( x2  
^u :i* !y wrote me an answ]1 t ,i %\ld  

endeav\r to get z mu* z ,i c\ld ( ! same
 s&2 b to !irs z well z my own          
disappo9tm5t1 ,i nev] 0 able to f9d !   
said isl& aga91 :]e ,i _h got ?is s&1 z 
x 0 b a v small & insignificant "o1     
situate among a great _m o!rs2 & ! m>k  
,i _h tak5 c>e to put up 0 by ! w9d bl[n
 d[n4 ,nev]!less !re has be5 en\gh ( !  
same /uff f\nd up & d[n 9 ! c\ntry1 :i*1
 :5 x is burnt1 *anges its =m] col\r = a
 r$di% hue1 :i* x likewise does if y    
keep x a:ile %ut up close4  ,:e!r or no 
?is be ! same sort ( s& z t ( :i* ,sir  
,m>t9 ,frobi%] is said to h br\ght "s   
hundr$ tons to ,engl&1 & 0 pret5d$ to   
conta9 a great deal ( gold2 & aga9 7z we
 h above tak5 notice (7 ( :i* "s ( !    
,dani% ,gre5l& ,company's %ips return$  
freight$ to ,cop5hag5 9 ! ye> #afcf1 is 
a "q :i* ,i h no m9d to decide4 ,h[ev]1 
?us mu* ,i c say1 t by ! small exp]i5ce 
,i h acquir$ 9 ! art ( *emi/ry1 ,i h    
tri$ bo? by extraction & precipitation  
if x w\ld yield any ?+1 b always lo/ my 
lab\r4 ,aft] all ,i decl>e1 ,i nev] c\ld

 f9d any o!r sort ( s& t conta9$ ei!r   
gold or silv]4 ,b z = rock cry/al1 bo?  
r$ & :ite1 y f9d x "h3 ! r$ conta9s "s  
p>ticul> solis1 :i* c only be produc$ by
 ! spagyric art4  ,/one flax1 or :at !y 
call asbe/os1 is s common "h1 t y may   
see :ole m\nta9s ( x3 x has ! appe>ance 
( a common /one1 b c be split or clov5 l
 a piece ( wood4 ,x conta9s long        
filam5ts1 :i*1 :5 beat5 & sep>at$ f !   
dross1 y may twi/ & sp9 into a ?read4 ,z
 long z x has its oily moi/ure x w burn 
)\t be+ consum$ to a%es4  ,r\nd ab\t our
 colony ( ,good ,hope !re is a sort (   
co>se ba/>d m>ble ( diff]5t col\rs1     
blue1 gre51 r$1 & "s q :ite1 & aga9 "s  
:ite ) black spots1 :i* ! natives =m    
into all sorts ( vessels & ut5sils1 z   
lamps1 pots to boil 91 & ev5 crucibles  
to melt metals 91 ?is m>ble /&+ pro(    
aga9/ ! fire#be4 ,( ?is m>ble !re 0     
br\ght a quantity ov] to ,dron!im 9     
,norway1 :i* !y made use ( 9 ! adorn+ ( 
! ca!dral ( t city1 z we h x f ,pet]    
,claudius ,undal9#bf4  ,among/ ! produce

 ( ! sea1 besides diff]5t %ells1        
muscles1 & p]iw9kles1 !re are also coral
 trees1 ( :i* ,i h se5 "o ( a f9e =m &  
size4     ,,*ap4 ,,iv  ,( ! ,nature ( ! 
,climate1 & ! ,temp]am5t ( ! ,air4   ,! 
natives ( ,gre5l& h no reason to compla9
 ( ra9s & /ormy wea!r1 :i* seldom tr\ble
 !m2 especially 9 ! ,bay ( ,disco1 9 !  
#fh? degree ( ,latitude1 :]e !y commonly
 h cle> & settl$ wea!r dur+ ! :ole summ]
 season3 b aga91 :5 f\l & /ormy wea!r   
falls 91 x rages ) an incr$ible fi]c5ess
 & viol5ce1 *iefly :5 ! w9d comes ab\t  
,s\!rly1 or ,s\? ,we/2 & ! /orm is laid 
& succe$$ by fair wea!r z soon z ! w9d  
%ifts ab\t to ! ,we/ & ,nor?4  ,! c\ntry
 w\ld be exce$+ pleasant & heal?ful 9   
summ] "t1 if x 0 n = ! heavy fogs t     
annoy x1 especially ne> ! sea coa/2 = x 
is z w>m "h z any:]e1 :5 ! air is s]5e &
 cle>1 :i* happ5s :5 ! w9d bl[s ,ea/]ly2
 & sometimes x is s hot1 t ! sea wat]1  
:i* aft] ! ebb+ ( ! sea has rema9$ 9 !  
holl[ places ( ! rocks1 has (t51 be=e   
night1 by ! heat ( ! sun1 be5 f\nd      

coagulat$ into a f9e :ite salt4 ,i c    
rememb]1 t once1 = ?ree mon?s toge!r1 we
 _h z fair settl$ wea!r & w>m sun%9e    
days z "o c\ld wi%1 )\t any ra94  ,!    
l5g? ( ! summ] is f ! latt] end ( ,may  
to ! mid/ ( ,septemb]2 all ! rema9+ "p (
 ! ye> is w9t]1 :i* is tol]able 9 !     
latitude ( #fd1 b to ! ,nor?w>d1 9 #fh &
 above1 ! cold is s excessive1 t ev5 !  
mo/ spiritu\s liquors1 z ,fr5* br&y1 w  
freeze ne> ! fire side4 ,at ! end (     
,augu/ ! sea is all cov]$ ) ice1 :i*    
does n ?aw be=e ,april or ,may1 &       
sometimes n till ! latt] end ( ,june4   
,x is rem>kable1 t on ! ,we/]n coa/s (  
diff]5t c\ntries1 ly+ 9 "o & ! same     
latitude1 x is mu* cold] ?an on !       
,ea/]n1 z "s p>ts ( ,gre5l& & ,norway4  
,& ?\gh ,gre5l& is mu* cold] ?an        
,norway1 yet ! sn[ nev] lies s high1    
especially 9 ! bays & inlets1 :]e x is  
seldom above half a y>d high] ?an !     
gr\nd2 :]eas ! inl& p>ts & ! m\nta9s are
 p]petually cov]$ ) ice & sn[1 :i* nev] 
melts2 & n a spot ( ! gr\nd is b>e1 b   

ne> ! %ore & 9 ! bays2 :]e 9 ! summ] y  
are delight$ ) a *>m+ v]dure1 caus$ by !
 heat ( ! sun1 rev]b]at$ f side to side1
 & conc5tr$ 9 ^! l[] p>ts ( ! valleys1  
surr\nd$ by high rocks & m\nta9s1 = _m  
h\rs toge!r )\t int]mission2 b z soon z 
! sun is set1 ! air is *ang$ at once1 & 
! cold ice m\nta9s make y soon feel !   
ne>ness ( _! neighb\rhood1 & oblige y to
 put on y\r furs4 ,besides ! frightful  
ice t cov]s ! :ole face ( ! l&1 ! sea is
 almo/ *oak$ ) x1 "s flat & l>ge fields 
( ice1 or bay ice1 z !y call x1 & "s    
huge & prodigi\s m\nta9s1 ( an a/oni%+  
bigness1 ly+ z deep "u wat] z !y so>    
high 9 ! air4 ,^! are pieces ( ! ice    
m\nta9s ( ! l&1 :i* lie ne> ! sea1 &    
bur/+1 tumble d[n into ! sea1 & are     
c>ri$ (f4 ,!y repres5t to ! behold]s1   
af> (f1 _m odd & /range figures2 "s (   
*ur*es1 ca/les ) spires & turrets o!rs y
 w\ld take to be %ips "u sail2 & _m h   
be5 delud$ by !m1 ?9k+ !y 7 real %ips1 &
 go+ to bo>d !m4 ,nor does _! figure &  
%ape alone surprise1 b also _! div]sity 

( col\rs pleases ! sight2 = "s are l    
:ite cry/al1 o!rs blue z sapphires2 &   
o!rs aga9 gre5 z em]alds4 ,"o w\ld      
attribute ! cause ( ^! col\rs to metals 
or m9]als ( ! places :]e ?is ice 0 =m$2 
or ( wat]s ( :i* x 0 coagulat$3 b       
exp]i5ce tea*es me1 t ! blue ice is !   
concretion ( fre% wat]1 :i* at fir/ is  
:ite1 & at l5g? h>d5s & turns blue2 b ! 
gre5i% col\r comes f salt wat]4 ,x is   
obs]v$1 t if y put ! blue ice ne> ! fire
 & let x melt1 & aft]w>ds remove x to a 
cold] place1 to freeze aga91 x does n   
recov] its =m] blue1 b becomes :ite4 ,f 
:5ce ,i inf]1 t ! volatile sulphur1 :i* 
! ice _h attract$ f ! air1 by its       
resolution into wat]1 exhales & vani%es4
  ,?\gh ! summ] season is v hot 9       
,gre5l&1 x seldom causes any ?und] &    
lightn+2 ! reason ( :i* ,i take to be ! 
coolness ( ! night1 :i* allays ! heat ( 
! day1 & causes ! sulphure\s exhalations
 to fall aga9 ) ! heavy dew to ! gr\nd4 
,z = ! ord9>y meteors1 commonly se5 9   
o!r c\ntries1 !y are visible 9 ,gre5l&2 

z ! ra9b[1 fly+ or %oot+ />s1 & ! l4 ,b 
:at is m peculi> to ! climate1 is !     
,nor!rn ,light1 or ,aurora ,borealis1   
:i* 9 ! spr+ ( ! ye>1 ab\t ! new moon1  
d>ts /reams ( light all ov] ! sky1 z    
quick z lightn+1 especially if x be a   
cle> night1 ) su* a brightness1 t y may 
read by x z by daylight4  ,at ! summ]   
sol/ice !re is no night1 & y h !        
pleasure to see ! sun turn r\nd ab\t !  
horizon all ! tw5ty-f\r h\rs2 & 9 ! dep?
 ( w9t] !y h b little com=t 9 t planet1 
& ! nights are proportionally long2 yet 
x nev] is s d>k1 b y c see to travel up 
& d[n ! c\ntry1 ?\gh sometimes x be     
nei!r moon%9e nor />light3 b ! sn[ &    
ice1 ) :i* bo? l& & sea is cov]$1       
enlight5s ! air2 or ! reason may be     
fet*$ f ! ne>ness ( ! horizon to !      
equator4  ,! temp]am5t ( ! air is n     
unheal?ful2 =1 if y except ! scurvy &   
di/emp]s ( ! brea/1 !y "k no?+ "h ( ! _m
 o!r diseases ) :i* o!r c\ntries are    
plagu$2 & ^! pectoral infirmities are n 
s mu* ! effects ( ! excessive cold1 z ( 

t na/y foggi% wea!r :i* ?is c\ntry is v 
mu* subject to2 :i* ,i impute to ! va/  
quantity ( ice t cov]s ! l& & drives 9 !
 sea4 ,f ! beg9n+ ( ,april to ! end (   
,july is ! foggi% season1 & f t "t ! fog
 daily decreases4 ,b z 9 ! summ] "t !y  
are tr\bl$ ) ! fog1 s 9 ! w9t] season !y
 are likewise plagu$ ) ! vap\r call$    
fro/ smoke1 :i*1 :5 ! cold is excessive1
 rises out ( ! sea z ! smoke out ( a    
*imney1 & is z ?ick z ! ?icke/ mi/1     
especially 9 ! bays1 :]e !re is any op5+
 9 ! ice4 ,x is v rem>kable1 t ?is fro/1
 damp1 or smoke1 if y come ne> x1 w s+e 
! v sk9 ( y\r face & h&s2 b :5 y are 9  
x1 y f9d no su* pi]c+ or /++ %>pness1 b 
w>m & s(t2 only x leaves a :ite fro/ ^u 
y\r hair & clo!s4  ,i mu/ n =get "h to  
m5tion ! wond]ful h>mony & correspond5ce
 :i* is obs]v$ 9 ,gre5l& betwe5 f\nta9s 
& ! ma9 sea1 viz4 t at spr+ tides1 9 new
 & full moon1 :5 ! /ronge/ ebb+ is at   
sea1 ! hidd5 f\nta9s or spr+s ( fre%    
wat] break out on %ore1 & discov]       
!mselves1 (t5 9 places :]e y nev] w\ld  

expect to meet ) any su*2 especially 9  
w9t]1 :5 ! gr\nd is cov]$ ) ice & sn[2  
yet at o!r times !re are no wat] spr+s 9
 ^? places4 ,! cause ( ?is wond]ful     
h>mony ,i leave to ! le>n$ inquiry (    
natural philosoph]s2 h[ spr+s & f\nta9s 
foll[ ! motion ( ! ma9 sea1 z ! sea does
 t ( ! moon4 ,yet ?is ,i mu/ obs]ve to  
y1 t "s great m5 h be5 greatly mi/ak51 9
 t !y h tak5 = grant$ & ass]t$1 t 9     
,norway & ,gre5l& ! tide 0 h>dly        
rem>kable4 7,see ,mr4 ,wollf's          
,reasonable ,?\ghts on ! ,effects (     
,nature1 p4 #eda47 ,:]eas n[h]e great]  
tide is obs]v$2 ! sea1 at new & full    
moon1 especially 9 ! spr+ & fall1 rises 
& falls ab\t ?ree fa?oms4     ,,*ap4 ,v4
  ,illu/ration       ,( ! ,l& ,animals1 
& ,l& ,f[ls or ,birds ( ,gre5l&2 & h[   
!y hunt & hill !m4   ,!re are no v5om\s 
s]p5ts or insects1 no rav5\s wild bea/s 
to be se5 9 ,gre5l&1 if y except ! be>1 
:i* "s w h to be an amphibi\s animal1 z 
he lives *iefly ^u ! ice 9 ! mo/ ,nor!rn
 p>ts1 & fe$s ^u seals & fi%4 ,he v     

seldom appe>s ne> ! colony1 9 :i* ,i _h 
tak5 up my qu>t]s4 ,he is ( a v l>ge    
size1 & ( a hide\s & frightful aspect1 )
 :ite long hairs3 he is gre$y ( human   
blood#bg4 ,! natives tell u moreov] (   
ano!r k9d ( rav5\s bea/s1 :i* !y call   
,am>ok1 :i* eag]ly pursue o!r bea/s1 z  
well z m52 yet none ( !m c\ld say1 !y   
ev] _h se5 !m1 b only _h x f o!rs by    
he>say2 & :]eas none ( our own p1 :o h  
travell$ up & d[n ! c\ntry1 ev] met )   
any su* bea/1 !re=e ,i take x to be a   
m]e fable4  ,re9 de] are 9 "s places 9 s
 great numb]s t y w see :ole h]ds (     
!m#bh2 & :5 !y g & fe$ 9 h]ds !y are    
dang]\s to come at4 ,! natives sp5d !   
:ole summ] season 9 hunt+ ( re9 de]1 go+
 up to ! inn]mo/ p>ts ( ! bays1 & c>ry+1
 = ! mo/ "p1 _! wives & *ildr5 along )  
!m1 :]e !y rema9 till ! h>ve/ season    
comes on4 ,9 ! mean :ile !y ) s mu*     
eag]ness hunt1 pursue1 & de/roy ^! poor 
de]1 t !y h no place ( safety1 b :at !  
,gre5l&]s "k2 & :]e !y are 9 any numb]1 
!re !y *ase !m by clap-hunt+1 sett+ ^u  

!m on all sides1 & surr\nd+ !m ) all _! 
wom5 & *ildr51 to =ce !m into defiles & 
n>r[ passages1 :]e ! m5 arm$ lay 9 wait 
= !m & kill !m3 & :5 !y h n p en\gh to  
surr\nd !m1 !n !y put up :ite poles 7to 
make up ! numb] t is want$7 ) pieces (  
turf to head !m1 :i* fright5s ! de]1 &  
h9d]s x f escap+4  ,!re are also va/    
numb]s ( h>es1 :i* are :ite summ] &     
w9t]1 v fat & ( a good ta/e4 ,!re are   
foxes ( diff]5t col\rs1 :ite1 grey1 &   
bluei%2 !y are ( a less] size ?an ^? (  
,d5m>k & ,norway1 & n s hairy1 b m l    
m>t5s4 ,! natives commonly cat* !m alive
 9 traps1 built ( /ones l little huts4  
,! o!r f\r-foot$ animals1 :i* anci5t    
hi/orians tell u are f\nd 9 ,gre5l&1 are
 sables1 m>t5s1 wolves1 losses1 erm9s1 &
 sev]al o!rs2 ,i h met ) none ( !m on ! 
,we/]n side4--,see ,arngrim ,jonas's    
,hi/ory ( ,gre5l&2 z also ,iv>us ,b5i's 
,relation1 m5tion$ by ,undal9us4  ,tame 
or dome/ic animals !re are none1 b dogs 
9 great numb]s1 & ( a l>ge size1 ) :ite 
hairs1 or :ite & black1 & /&+ e>s4 ,!y  

are 9 _! k9d z timor\s & /upid z _!     
ma/]s1 = !y nev] bay or b>k1 b h[l only4
 ,9 ! ,nor!rn p>ts !y use !m in/ead (   
horses1 to drag _! sl$ges1 ty+ f\r or   
six1 & sometimes eight or t5 to a sl$ge1
 lad5 ) five or six ( ! l>ge/ seals1 ) !
 ma/] sitt+ up himself1 :o drives z fa/ 
) !m z we c d ) good horses1 = !y (t5   
make fifte5 ,g]man miles ) !m 9 a w9t]  
day1 ^u ! ice3 & ?\gh ! poor dogs are ( 
s great s]vice to !m1 yet !y d n use !m 
well1 = !y are left to provide = &      
subsi/ !mselves z wild bea/s1 fe$+ ^u   
muscles ?r[n up on ! sea side1 or ^u    
b]ries 9 ! summ] season2 & :5 !re has   
be5 a great capture ( seals !y give !m  
_! blood boil$ & _! entrails4  ,z = l&  
f[ls or birds1 ,gre5l& kn[s ( none b    
rypp]1 :i* is a sort ( l>ge p>tridges1  
:ite 9 w9t]1 & grey 9 summ] "t1 & ^! !y 
h 9 great numb]s4 ,rav5s seem to be     
dome/ic birds ) !m1 = !y are always se5 
ab\t _! huts1 hov]+ ab\t ! c>cases (    
seals1 t lie ^u ! gr\nd4 ,!re are       
likewise v l>ge eagles1 _! w+s spread   

out be+ a fa?om wide1 b !y are seldom   
se5 9 ! ,nor!rn p>ts ( ! c\ntry4 ,y f9d 
"h falcons or hawks1 "s grey1 "s ( a    
:iti% plumage1 & "s speckl$2 z also     
great speckl$ owls4 ,!re are diff]5t    
sorts ( little sp>r[s1 sn[ birds1 & ice 
birds1 & a little bird n unlike a l9net1
 :i* has a v melodi\s tune4  ,among/ !  
insects ( ,gre5l&1 ! midge or gnats are 
! mo/ tr\blesome1 ^: /+ leaves a swell+ 
& burn+ pa9 beh9d x2 & ?is tr\ble !y are
 mo/ expos$ to 9 ! hot season1 aga9/ :i*
 !re is no %elt] to be f\nd4 ,!re are   
also spid]s1 flies1 humble bees1 &      
wasps4 ,!y "k no?+ ( any v5om\s animals1
 z s]p5ts & ! l2 nor h !y any snakes1   
toads1 frogs1 beetles1 ants1 or bees2   
nei!r are !y plagu$ ) rats1 mice1 or any
 su* v]m94     ,,*ap4 ,,vi4             
,illu/ration  ,( ! ,gre5l& ,sea         
,animals1 & ,sea ,f[ls & ,fi%es4   ,!   
,gre5l& ,sea ab\nds 9 diff]5t sorts (   
animals1 f[ls1 & fi%es1 ( :i* ! :ale    
be>s ! sway1 & is ( div]s k9ds1 %apes1 &
 sizes4 ,"s are call$ ! f9n$ :ales1 f ! 

f9s !y h ^u _! back ne> ! tail2 b ^! are
 n mu* valu$1 yield+ b little fat or    
blubb]1 & t ( ! mean] sort2 !y consi/ ( 
no?+ b lean fle%1 s9ews1 & bones4 ,!y   
are ( a long1 r\nd1 & sl5d] %ape1 v     
dang]\s to m$dle )1 = !y rage & lay ab\t
 !m mo/ furi\sly ) _! tail1 s t nobody  
c>es to come at !m1 or cat* !m4 ,!      
,gre5l&]s make mu* ( !m1 on acc\nt ( _! 
fle%1 :i*1 ) !m1 passes = da9ty *e]4 ,! 
o!r sort ( :ales are reckon$ ! be/ = _! 
fat1 & f9s or :alebones4 ,^! diff] f !  
fir/ sort1 9 t !y h no f9 on ! back     
t[>ds ! tail1 b two less] ones ne> !    
eyes1 & are cov]$ ) a ?ick black sk91   
m>bl$ ) :ite /rokes4 ,) ^! side f9s !y  
swim ) an incr$ible swiftness4 ,! tail  
is commonly ?ree or f\r fa?oms broad4 ,!
 head makes up "o-?ird ( ! :ole fi%4 ,! 
jaws are cov]$1 bo? above & b5ea?1 ) a  
k9d ( %ort hair4 ,at ! bottom ( ! jaws  
are plac$ ! s call$ b>d]s1 or :alebones1
 :i* s]ve him in/ead ( tee?1 ( :i* he   
has none4 ,!y are ( diff]5t col\rs1 "s  
br[n1 "s black1 & o!rs yell[ ) :ite     

/reaks4 ,)9 ! m\?1 ! b>d]s or :alebones 
are cov]$ ) hair l horse-hair1 *iefly ^?
 t inclose ! tongue4 ,"s ( !m are b5t l 
a scymit>1 or sabre4 ,! smalle/ are     
rang$ ! =emo/ 9 ! m\?1 & ! h9d]mo/ ne> !
 ?roat2 ! broade/ & l>ge/ are 9 !       
middle1 "s ( !m two fa?oms long1 by :i* 
we may judge ( ! va/ bigness ( ?is      
animal4 ,on ea* side !re are commonly   
two hundr$ & fifty1 9 all five hundr$   
pieces4 ,!y are set 9 a broad r[1 z 9 a 
%eaf1 "o close to ! o!r1 b5t l a cresc5t
 or half-moon1 broade/ at ! root1 :i* is
 ( a t\gh & grisly matt]1 ( a :iti%     
col\r1 fa/5$ to ! upp] "p ( ! jaws ne> !
 ?roat1 & !y gr[ small] t[>ds ! end1 :i*
 is po9t$2 !y are also cov]$ ) hair1 t  
!y may n hurt ! tongue4 ,! und]mo/ jaw  
is commonly :ite1 to :i* ! tongue is    
fa/5$1 inclos$ 9 ! b>d]s1 or long :ale  
bones2 x is v l>ge1 sometimes ab\t      
eighte5 feet1 & sometimes m1 ( a :ite   
col\r1 ) black spots1 ( a s(t1 fat1 &   
spungy matt]4 ,! :ale has a bun* on !   
top ( 8 head1 9 :i* are two sp\ts or    

pipes1 p>allel "o to ! o!r1 & some:at   
b5t1 l ! holes ^u a fiddle4 ,?r\gh ^! he
 receives ! air1 & sp\ts out ! wat]1 :i*
 he takes 9 at 8 m\?1 & is =c$ upw>ds   
?r\gh ^! holes 9 v l>ge quantities1 & ) 
su* viol5ce & noise1 t x is he>d at a   
great di/ance1 by :i*1 9 hazy wea!r1 he 
is kn[n to be ne>1 especially :5 he f9ds
 himself w\nd$1 = !n he rages mo/       
furi\sly1 & ! noise ( 8 sp\t+ is s l\d1 
t "s h resembl$ x to ! ro>+ ( ! sea 9 a 
/orm1 or ! fir+ ( great guns1 ,8 eyes   
are plac$ betwe5 ! bun* & ! side f9s2 !y
 are n l>g] ?an ^? ( an ox1 & are arm$ )
 eyebr[s4  ,! p5is ( a :ale is a /rong  
s9ew1 sev5 or eight1 & sometimes f\rte5 
feet long1 9 proportion to 8 bulk3 x is 
cov]$ ) a %ea?1 9 :i* x lies hidd51 s t 
y see b little ( x3 ! nature ( ! female 
is l t ( ! f\r-foot$ animals3 %e has two
 brea/s ) teats l a c[2 "s :ite1 o!rs   
/a9$ ) black or blue spots4 ,9 _! spawn+
 "t _! brea/s are l>g] ?an usual2 & :5  
!y c\ple toge!r1 !y rea* _! head above  
wat]1 to fet* brea?1 & to cool ! heat   

contract$ by t action4 ,x is said1 t !y 
nev] br+ =? m ?an two "y ones at a      
spawn+1 :i* !y suck ) _! teats4 ,! spawn
 ( ! :ale1 :ile x is fre%1 is clammy &  
glui%1 s t x may be drawn out 9 ?reads l
 wax or pit*2 x has no relation to t :i*
 we call sp]maceti1 = x is soon corrupt$
 & by no art c be pres]v$4  ,^! sea     
animals1 or r mon/]s1 are ( diff]5t     
sizes & bulks2 "s yield "o hundr$1 & "s 
two or ?ree hundr$ tuns ( fat or blubb]4
 ,! fat lies betwe5 ! sk9 & ! fle%1 six 
or eight in*es ?ick1 especially ^u !    
back & "u ! belly4 ,! ?icke/ & /ronge/  
s9ews are 9 ! tail1 :i* s]ves him = a   
rudd]1 z 8 f9s d = o>s1 :]e) he swims ) 
an a/oni%+ swiftness1 proportion$ to 8  
bulk1 leav+ a track 9 ! sea1 l a great  
%ip2 & ?is is call$ 8 wake1 by :i* he is
 (t5 foll[$4  ,^! sea mon/]s are z %y & 
timor\s z !y are huge & bulky1 = z soon 
z !y he> a boat r[+1 & p]ceive any      
body's approa*1 !y imm$iately %oot "u   
wat] & plunge into ! deep2 b :5 !y f9d  
!mselves 9 dang]1 !n !y %ew _! great &  

surpris+ /r5g?2 = !n !y break to pieces 
:atev] comes 9 _! way1 & if !y %\ld hit 
a boat1 !y w\ld beat x 9 a ?\s& pieces4 
,accord+ to ! relation ( ! :ale-cat*]s1 
! :ale1 be+ /ruck1 w run away ) ! l9e "s
 hundr$s ( fa?oms long1 fa/] ?an a %ip  
"u full sail4 ,n[ "o w\ld ?9k1 t su* a  
va/ body %\ld ne$ _m small] fi%es & sea 
animals to fe$ ^u2 b on ! contr>y1 8    
food is no?+ b a sort ( blubb]1 call$   
pulmo m>9us1 or :ale food1 :i* is ( a   
d>k br[n col\r1 ) two brims or flaps1 ) 
:i* x moves 9 ! wat]1 ) su* sl[ness t "o
 may easily lay hold ( x1 & get x out ( 
! wat]4 ,x is l a jelly1 s(t & slipp]y1 
s t if y cru% x betwe5 y\r f+]s y f9d x 
fat & greasy l tra9 oil4 ,! ,gre5l& seas
 ab\nd 9 x1 :i* allures & draws ?is k9d 
( :ales ?i!r 9 se>* ( x2 = z _! swall[  
or ?roat is v n>r[ 7be+ b f\r in*es 9   
diamet]71 & ! small] :alebones rea*+ d[n
 8 ?roat1 !y _c swall[ any h>d or l>ge  
piece ( o!r food1 hav+ no tee? to *ew x 
)1 s t ?is sort ( n\ri%m5t suits !m be/1
 _! m\? be+ l>ge & wide to receive a    

great quantity1 by op5+ x & %utt+ x     
aga91 t nature has provid$ !m ) ! b>d]s 
or :alebones1 :i* by _! clos5ess only   
give passage to ! wat]1 l a sieve1 keep+
 back ! alim5t4 ,"h we ought to praise !
 wise & k9d provid5ce ( an ,almighty    
,creator1 :o has made su* mean ?+s      
suffice = ! ma9t5ance ( s va/ an animal4
  ,next to ?is !re is ano!r sort (      
:ales1 call$ ! ,nor? ,cap]s1 f ! place (
 _! abode1 :i* is ab\t ! ,nor? cape (   
,norway1 ?\gh !y also frequ5t ! coa/s ( 
,icel&1 ,gre5l&1 & sundry o!r seas1 go+ 
9 se>* ( _! prey1 :i* is h]r+ & o!r     
small fi%1 t resort 9 abundance to ^?   
coa/s4 ,x has be5 obs]v$1 t "s ( ^!     
,nor? ,cape :ales h _h m ?an a tun (    
h]r+s 9 _! belly4 ,?is k9d ( :ales has  
?is common ) ! =m] call$ f9-:ale1 9 t x 
is v swift & quick 9 its motion1 & keeps
 (f f ! %ore 9 ! ma9 sea1 z fe>+ to     
become a prey to its enemies1 if x %\ld 
v5ture too ne> ! %ore4 ,8 fat is t\gh] &
 h>d] ?an t ( ! great bay :ale2 nei!r   
are 8 b>d]s or bones s long & valuable1 

= :i* reason he is neglect$4  ,! f\r?   
sort is ! sword-fi%1 s call$ f a long & 
broad bone1 :i* gr[s out ( ! end ( 8    
sn\t on bo? sides1 ind5t$ l a saw4 ,he  
has got two f9s ^u 8 back1 & f\r "u !   
belly1 on ea* side two3 ^? on ! back are
 ! l>ge/2 ^? "u ! belly are plac$ j "u !
 fir/ ( ! back3 8 tail broad & flat     
und]nea?1 & above po9t$1 b n split or   
clov$4 ,f ! h9d]mo/ f9 ( ! back he gr[s 
small]3 8 no/rils are ( an oblong %ape3 
! eyes are plac$ on ! top ( 8 head1 j   
above 8 m\?4 ,!re are diff]5t sizes (   
sword-fi%1 "s ( tw5ty feet1 "s m1 "s    
less4 ,?is is ! greate/ enemy ! true    
:ale has to deal )1 :o gives him fi]ce  
battles2 &1 hav+ vanqui%$ & kill$ him1  
he cont5ts himself ) eat+ ! tongue ( !  
:ale1 leav+ ! re/ ( ! huge c>case = !   
prey & spoils ( ! morses & sea birds4   
,! ca*elot or pot-fi% is a fif? species 
( :ales1 ^: %ape is some:at diff]5t f t 
( o!r :ales1 9 t ! upp] "p ( 8 head or  
skull is mu* bigg] & /rong] built2 8    
sp\ts or pipes are plac$ on ! =ehead1   

:]eas o!r :ales h !m on ! h9d] "p ( !   
head3 8 "u jaw is arm$ ) a r[ ( tee? :i*
 are b %ort3 8 tongue is ?9 & po9t$1 & (
 a yell[i% col\r3 he has b "o eye on !  
side ( ! head1 :i* makes him ( easy     
access to ! ,gre5l&]s1 :o attack him on 
8 bl9d side4 ,( 8 skull t wrongly s     
call$ sp]maceti is prep>$1 "o yield+    
tw5ty to tw5ty-f\r tuns !re(4 ,! re/ ( !
 body & ! tail are l unto ^? ( o!r      
:ales4 ,he is ( a br[ni% col\r on !     
back1 & :ite "u ! belly3 he is ( diff]5t
 sizes1 f fifty to sev5ty feet long4    
,!n comes ! :ite fi%1 ^: %ape is n      
unlike t ( ! great bay :ale1 hav+ no f9s
 ^u ! back1 b und]nea? two l>ge ones2 ! 
tail l a :ale2 8 sp\ts1 ?r\gh :i* he    
brea!s & ?r[s out ! wat]1 are ! same2 he
 has likewise a bun* on ! head3 8 col\r 
is ( a fad+ yell[2 he is commonly f     
twelve to sixte5 feet 9 l5g?1 & is      
exce$+ fat4 ,! tra9 ( 8 blubb] is z cle>
 z ! cle>e/ oil3 8 fle% z well z ! fat  
has no bad ta/e1 & :5 x is m>9at$ )     
v9eg> & salt1 x is z well ta/$ z any    

pork :atsoev]4 ,! f9s also & ! tail1    
pickl$ or sauc$1 are good eat+4 ,?is fi%
 is s f> f be+ %y1 t :ole droves are se5
 ab\t ! %ips at sea3 ! ,gre5l&]s cat*   
numb]s ( !m1 ( :i* !y make gr& *e]4     
,!re is yet ano!r small] sort ( :ales1  
call$ b-heads1 f ! =m ( its head1 :i* at
 ! sn\t is flat1 l a b's end3 he has a  
f9 ^u 8 back t[>ds ! tail1 & two side   
f9s3 8 tail is l to t ( a :ale4 ,9 !    
h9d] "p ( ! head he has a pipe to fet*  
air1 & sp\t ! wat] ?r\gh1 :i* he does n 
sp\t out ) t =ce ! :ale does3 8 size is 
f f\rte5 to tw5ty feet3 he foll[s %ips  
"u sail ) a fair w9d1 & seems to run = a
 wag] ) !m2 :]eas1 on ! contr>y1 o!r    
:ales avoid & fly f !m4 ,_! jump+1 z    
well z t ( fi%es & sea animals1 =ebodes 
boi/]\s & /ormy wea!r4  ,among ! diff]5t
 k9ds ( :ales "s reckon ! unicorn1 z !y 
commonly call him1 f a long small horn t
 gr[s out ( 8 sn\t2 b 8 "r "n is        
n>-:ale4 ,x is a pretty l>ge fi%1       
eighte5 or tw5ty feet long1 & yields    
good fat3 8 sk9 is black & smoo? )\t    

hair2 he has "o f9 on ea* side1 at !    
beg9n+ ( 8 belly3 8 head is po9t$1 & out
 ( 8 sn\t on ! left side proce$s ! horn1
 :i* is r\nd1 turn$1 ) a %>p tap] po9t2 
! greate/ l5g? ( x is f\rte5 or fifte5  
feet1 & ?ick z y\r arm4 ,! root ( x goes
 v deep into ! head1 to /r5g!n x =      
support+ s heavy a bur!n4 ,! horn is ( a
 f9e1 :ite1 & compact matt]1 :]e=e x    
weighs mu*3 ! ?ird "p ( x1 beg9n+ f !   
root1 is commonly holl[2 & !re are "s v 
solid at ! root1 & above x gr[s m & m   
holl[4 ,on ! "r side ( ! head !re lies  
ano!r %ort] horn hidd51 :i* does n gr[  
out ( ! sk91 & x _c be conceiv$ = :at   
end ! ,all-wise ,creator has orda9$ x3  
he has1 l o!r :ales1 two pipes or sp\ts 
:i* t]m9ate 9 "o1 ?r\gh :i* he brea!s & 
fet*es air1 :5 he comes up out ( ! sea )
 8 head4 ,"h ,i mu/ obs]ve to y1 t :5 ! 
:ale comes up to fet* air1 x is n wat]  
he ?r[s out at ! sp\ts1 z ! common      
notion runs2 b 8 brea?1 :i* resembles   
wat] =c$ out ( a great sp\t4 ,z = ! re/ 
( ! unicorn or n>-:ale's body1 x is     

p]fectly ( ! same %ape z t ( o!r :ales4 
,conc]n+ ?is animal's horn1 :i* has giv5
 occasion to s _m disputes1 :e!r x be a 
horn prop]ly s call$1 or a too?1 my     
read] mu/ all[ me a little digression1  
to make ^! g5tlem5 disputants aw>e ( _! 
mi/ake1 :o pret5d x to be a too? & n a  
horn1 be+ plac$ on "o side ( ! sn\t1 & n
 on ! top ( ! =ehead1 :]e o!r animals   
we> _! horns4 7,see ,wormius's ,museum1 
l4 iii4 *4 #ad47 ,b x appe>s cle>ly to  
all behold]s1 t x nei!r has ! %ape ( a  
too?1 su* z o!r sea animals are end[$ )1
 nor has its root 9 ! jaws1 ! ord9>y    
place ( tee?1 b gr[s out ( ! sn\t4 ,&   
besides1 ! absurdity is mu* great] to   
hold & ma9ta91 t animals we> tee? on !  
sn\t or head1 l horns3 or d>e anybody   
d5y1 t ! :ale's sp\ts are 8 no/rils1    
?r\gh :i* he fet*es brea?1 because !y   
are on ! top ( 8 head2 or "q1 t !       
clap-mysses' 7a l>ge k9d ( seal7 eyes   
are su*1 because !y are plac$ 9 !       
h9d]mo/ "p ( ! head8 ,ought we n r to   
?9k1 t an ,all-wise ,creator has plac$  

?is horn horizontally1 to ! end t x may 
n be ( any h9d]ance to ! c\rse & swimm+ 
( ?is animal 9 ! wat]1 :i* w\ld happ5 if
 x rose v]tically8 ,fur!rmore1 ?is horn 
s]ves _m o!r ends1 z to /ir up 8 food f 
! bottom ( ! sea1 z he is said to fe$ ^u
 small sea-we$s1 & likewise !re) to bore
 holes 9 ! ice1 9 ord] to fet* fre% air4
 ,! inf]5ce ^! g5tlem5 are pleas$ to    
draw f ! g5]ality ( fi%es & sea animals 
hav+ no su* paws or claws z l& animals  
h1 is z lame1 & ( z little =ce4 ,& x is 
mu* less absurd to hold1 t sea animals h
 some?+ common ) ^? ( ! l&1 z x is      
confess$1 t _m ( !m h a great           
resemblance toge!r 9 figure & %ape1 viz4
 sea-calves1 sea-dogs1 sea-wolves1 &    
sea-horses1 toge!r ) m]m5 & m]maids1 z x
 is pret5d$4 ,:o is ignorant ( ! w+$ or 
fly+ fi%es2 & ( o!rs ) long nebs or     
bills l birds2 also ( birds ) f\r feet l
 bea/s1 & :y !n may !re n be            
sea-unicorns z well z l& unicorns2 if   
any su* !re be 9 r]um natura8 = x is a  
difficult matt] to det]m9e :at k9d (    

animal ! ,scripture und]/&s1 :5 x speaks
 ( ! unicorn1 z 9 ,psalm xxix4 v]4 #f1 &
 9 o!r places2 :e!r x be su* a "o z     
,pl9ius & o!r writ]s describe1 giv+ him 
! body ( a horse1 ) a /ag's head1 & a   
horn on 8 sn\t2 or :e!r x ought n )     
bett] reason be appli$ to a c]ta9 animal
 9 ,africa1 call$ rh9oc]os1 ^: sn\t is  
horn$ 9 t fa%ion4 ,if "o _h pati5ce to  
consid] ! va/ disagreem5t t reigns      
betwe5 ^! writ]s1 "o w\ld conclude t ?is
 animal is peculi> to ! climate :]e !   
fabul\s bird phnix builds its ne/2 t is 
to say 9 ,utopia1 or n[h]e4 ,= "s       
describe ?is animal z an amphibi\s "o1 t
 lives by turns ^u l& & 9 ! wat]2 "s w h
 him to be 9 ! lik5ess ( an ore :ite    
spott$1 ) horse feet2 o!rs make a ?ree  
ye>s' colt ( him1 ) a /ag's head1 & a   
horn 9 ! front "o ell long2 & o!rs aga9 
tell y x is l a morse or sea-horse1 )   
divid$ or clov5 feet1 & a horn 9 !      
front4 ,!re are au?ors1 :o attribute to 
him a horn t5 feet long1 o!rs six1 &    
o!rs aga9 b ! l5g? ( ?ree in*es4 7,see  

,pl9y1 ,mun/]us1 ,m>c4 ,paulus1         
,philo/ratus1 ,heliodorus1 & sev]al     
o!rs1 ^: relations are ( ! same au?ority
 ) m9e1 z t ( ! ,gre5l&]s1 conc]n+ a    
fi]ce1 rav5\s wild bea/1 :i* !y call    
,amavok2 :i* all pret5d to "k1 b no     
p]son ev] yet 0 f\nd1 t c\ld say he _h  
se5 x47  ,nises or porpoises1 o!rwise   
sea hogs1 are also plac$ 9 ! class (    
:ales1 ?\gh ( a mu* small] size1 & are  
met ) 9 all seas4 ,8 head resembles t ( 
a butts-head-:ale3 8 m\? is arm$ ) %>p  
tee?3 he has sp\ts or pipes l a :ale4   
,he has a f9 ^u ! middle ( 8 back1 :i*  
t[>ds ! tail is b5d$ l a half-moon4 ,"u 
! belly !re are two side f9s1 ov]gr[n ) 
fle% & cov]$ ) a black sk94 ,8 tail is  
broad l t ( a :ale4 ,he has small r\nd  
eyes2 8 sk9 is ( a %9+ black1 & ! belly 
:ite4 ,8 l5g? is five to eight feet1 at 
mo/4 ,8 fat makes f9e oil1 & ! fle% is  
by ! ,gre5l&] reckon$ a great da9ty4    
,( o!r ,sea ,animals4  ,! sea horse or  
morse has ! %ape ( a seal1 ?\gh mu* l>g]
 & /rong]4 ,he has five claws on ea* ( 8

 feet1 z ! seal3 8 head r\nd] & l>g]4 ,8
 sk9 is an in* ?ick1 especially ab\t !  
neck1 v r\gh1 rugg$ & wr9kl$1 cov]$ ) a 
%ort1 br[n1 & sometimes r$di%1 or       
m\se-col\r$ hair4 ,out ( 8 upp] jaw !re 
gr[ two l>ge tee? or tusks1 b5d$ d[nw>ds
 ov] ! "u jaw1 ( ! l5g? ( half a y>d1 & 
sometimes ( a :ole y>d & m4 ,^! tusks   
are e/eem$ z mu* z elephants' tee?2 !y  
are compact & solid1 b holl[ t[>ds !    
root4 ,8 m\? is n unlike t ( a bull1    
cov]$ above & b5ea? ) /rong bri/les z   
big z a /raw3 8 no/rils are plac$ above 
8 m\?1 z ^? ( ! seal3 8 eyes are fi]y   
r$1 :i* he c turn on all sides1 n be+   
able to turn 8 head1 by reason ( !      
%ortness & ?ickness ( 8 neck4 ,! tail   
resembles a seal's tail1 be+ ?ick &     
%ort3 8 fat is l hog's l>d4 ,he lies    
commonly ^u ! ice %oals1 & c live a good
 :ile on %ore1 till hung] drives him    
back into ! seas2 8 n\ri%m5t be+ bo?    
h]bs & fi%es3 he snores v l\d1 :5 he    
sleeps2 & :5 he is provok$ to ang]1 he  
ro>s l a mad bull4 ,x is a v bold &     

fi]ce creature1 & !y assi/ ea* o!r1 :5  
attack$1 to ! la/4 ,he is cont9ually at 
w> ) ! :ite be>1 to :om he (t5 proves   
too h>d ) 8 mighty tusks1 & (t5 kills   
him1 or at lea/ does n give ov] till !y 
bo? expire4  ,! seals are ( diff]5t     
sorts & sizes1 ?\gh 9 _! %ape !y all    
agree1 except+ ! clap-myss1 s call$ f a 
sort ( a cap he has on 8 head1 ) :i* he 
cov]s x :5 he fe>s a /roke4 ,! paws ( a 
seal h five claws1 jo9$ toge!r ) a ?ick 
sk91 l t ( a goose or a wat] f[l3 8 head
 resembles a dog's ) cropp$ e>s1 f :5ce 
he has got ! "n ( sea dog3 8 sn\t is    
be>d$ l t ( a cat3 8 eyes are l>ge &    
cle> ) hair ab\t !m3 ! sk9 is cov]$ ) a 
%ort hair ( div]s col\rs1 & spott$2 "s  
:ite & black1 o!rs yell[i%1 o!rs aga9   
r$di%1 & "s ( a m\se col\r3 8 tee? are v
 %>p & po9t$4 ,al?\gh he seems lami%    
beh9d1 yet he makes no?+ ( gett+ up ^u !
 ice hills1 :]e he loves to sleep & to  
bask himself 9 ! sun4 ,! l>ge/ seals are
 f five to eight feet 9 l5g?2 _! fat    
yields bett] tra9-oil ?an t ( any o!r   

fi%4 ,?is is ! mo/ common ( all ! sea   
animals 9 ,gre5l&2 & contributes ! mo/  
to ! subsi/+ & ma9ta9+ ( ! inhabitants1 
:o fe$ ^u ! fle% ( x1 & clo! !mselves ) 
! sk91 :i* likewise s]ves !m = ! cov]+ (
 _! boats & t5ts3 ! fat is _! fuel1 :i* 
!y burn 9 _! lamps1 & also boil _!      
victuals )4  ,z = o!r sea mon/]s &      
wond]ful animals1 we f9d 9 ,tormod]'s   
,hi/ory ( ,gre5l&1 m5tion made ( ?ree   
sorts ( mon/]s1 :]e he quotes a book1   
call$ 8,speculum ,regale ,icl&icum20 or1
 ! ,royal ,isl& ,look+-,glass1 f :5ce he
 borr[s :at he relates#bi4 ,b none ( !m 
h be5 se5 by u1 or any ( our "t1 t ev]  
,i c\ld he>1 save t mo/ dreadful mon/]1 
t %[$ itself ^u ! surface ( ! wat] 9 !  
ye> #agcd1 (f our new colony 9 #fd4 ,?is
 mon/] 0 ( s huge a size1 t com+ out ( !
 wat]1 its head rea*$ z high z !        
ma/-head2 its body 0 z bulky z ! %ip1 & 
?ree or f\r times z long4 ,x _h a long  
po9t$ sn\t1 & sp\t$ l a :ale fi%2 great 
broad paws1 & ! body seem$ cov]$ ) %ell 
"w1 its sk9 v rugg$ & unev54 ,! "u "p ( 

its body 0 %ap$ l an enorm\s huge s]p5t1
 & :5 x div$ aga9 "u wat]1 x plung$     
backw>ds into ! sea1 & s rais$ its tail 
al(t1 :i* seem$ a :ole %ip's l5g? di/ant
 f ! bulkie/ "p ( ! body4   ,( o!r      
,fi%es4  ,( fi%es prop]ly s call$1 !    
,gre5l& sea has abundance & ( great     
div]sity1 ( :i* ! l>ge/ is call$ ,hay1  
^: fle% is mu* l t ( ! halibut1 & is    
cur$ 9 ! same mann]2 be+ cut into long  
slices1 & hung up to be dri$ 9 ! sun & 9
 ! air1 z !y cure !m 9 ! ,nor!rn p>ts ( 
,norway2 b ! ,gre5l&]s d n mu* c>e = x2 
its fle% be+ ( a mu* co>s] gra9 ?an t ( 
! halibut4 ,?is fi% has two f9s on !    
back1 & six "u ! belly2 ! two =emo/ are 
! longe/1 & h ! %ape ( a tongue3 ! o!r  
two middlemo/ are some:at broad] ?an !  
re/1 & ! h9d]mo/ c\ple ne> ! tail are   
alike broad be=e & beh9d1 b %ort] ?an ! 
middlemo/3 8 tail resembles t ( ! sword 
fi%4 ,!re are no bones 9 him1 b gri/les 
only4 ,he has a long sn\t1 "u :i* ! m\? 
is plac$ l t ( ! sword fi%3 he has ?ree 
r[s ( %>p po9t$ tee?2 8 sk9 is h>d &    

prickly1 ( a greyi% hue2 8 l5g? is two  
or ?ree fa?om2 he has a great liv]1 (   
:i* !y make tra9 oil1 ! bigge/ ( :i*    
makes two or ?ree la/s4 ,x is a fi% (   
prey1 bites l>ge pieces out ( ! :ale's  
body1 & is v gre$y aft] man's fle%3 he  
_c be caught ) l9es made ( hemp1 = ) 8  
%>p tee? he snaps x (f2 b ) iron *a9s4  
,& ! l>g] sort are tak5 ) h>poons1 z we 
d ! :ales4 ,! re/ ( fi%es t haunt !     
,gre5l& seas are ! halibut1 torbut1     
codfi%1 haddock1 scate1 small salmon1 or
 sea-tr\t ( diff]5t k9ds & sizes 7! l>ge
 salmon n be+ s frequ5t 9 ,gre5l&72 & ^!
 are v fat & good2 !y are f\nd 9 all    
inlets1 & m\?s ( riv]s4 ,cat-fi% is !   
mo/ common food ( ,gre5l&]s1 insomu*1 t 
:5 all o!r ?+s fail1 ! cat-fi% mu/ hold 
out1 ( :i* !re are abundance1 bo? w9t] &
 summ]4 ,9 ! spr+1 t[>ds ! mon? (       
,april1 !y cat* a sort ( fi% call$      
rogncals1 or /one bit]2 & 9 ,may ano!r  
fi%1 call$ lyds or /9ts3 bo? sorts are v
 sav\ry2 !y frequ5t ! bays & inlets 9   
great %oals4 ,!re are also :it+s 9      

abundance2 b h]r+s are n to be se54     
,moreov] !re is a k9d ( fi%1 :i* nei!r  
myself nor any ( my company _h ev] se5  
be=e3 ?is fi% is n unlike a bream1 only 
x is prickly ) %>p po9ts all ov]1 ) a   
small tail4 ,!re are diff]5t sizes3 !   
,gre5l&]s say !y are well ta/$4  ,among 
! te/ace\s animals 9 ,gre5l& ! *ief are 
! muscles1 ( :i* !re are great          
quantities2 !y are l>ge & delicate4 ,9  
"s wat]s ,i h f\nd ( ^? l>g] sorts1 9   
:i* ! ,norwegians f9d pe>ls4 ,^! h also 
pe>ls1 b v small ones1 n bigg] ?an !    
head ( a p94 ,i %all say no?+ ( ! o!r   
sea insects1 z crabs1 %rimps1 c4 ?\gh !y
 be n r>e "h2 yet lob/]s1 crawfi%1 &    
oy/]s1 ,i nev] met )4 ,accord+ to       
in=mation _h ( ,gre5l&]s1 on ! ,s\!rn   
coa/s !y sometimes cat* tortoises 9 _!  
nets2 = !y tell y1 t !y are cov]$ ) a   
?ick %ell1 h claws & a %ort tail2 &     
moreov] t !y f9d eggs 9 !m1 l birds'    
eggs4   ,( ,gre5l& ,sea ,birds4  ,among/
 ! sea f[ls ! pr9cipal are ^? !y call   
eid]-f[l1 & ducks2 ( :i* !re are su*    

numb]s1 t sometimes sail+ along1 y f9d !
 :ole sea cov]$ ) !m2 & :5 !y take _!   
flight1 y w\ld ?9k !re 0 no end ( !m1   
especially 9 w9t] "t1 :5 9 l>ge flocks1 
to ! numb] ( _m ?\s&s1 !y hov] ab\t our 
colony1 morn+ & ev5+2 9 ! ev5+ /&+ 9 = !
 bay1 & 9 ! morn+ turn+ out to sea aga94
 ,!y fly s ne> ! %ore1 t y may f !nce   
%oot !m at pleasure4 ,9 ! spr+ !y retire
 t[>ds ! sea2 = ^u ! isl& t lies adjac5t
 to ! coa/ !y lay _! eggs1 & hat* _! "y 
ones1 :i* arrive 9 ,june & ,july4  ,!   
natives wat* !m 9 ?is season to rob !m (
 _! eggs & _! "y ones4 ,! f9e d[n       
fea!rs1 :i* is ! be/ "p ( ?is bird1 s   
mu* valu$ by o!rs1 ! natives make no?+  
(1 leav+ !m 9 ! ne/s4  ,!re are ?ree    
sorts ( ducks4 ,! fir/ h a broad bill1 l
 our tame duck1 ) a f9e speckl$ plumage4
 ,^! build _! ne/s ^u ! isl&s z ! eid]  
f[ls d4 ,! second sort is ( a less]     
size1 _! bills long & po9t$2 !y keep mo/
 9 ! bays & 9 fre% wat]s1 :]e !y ne/    
among ! re$s4 ,! ?ird sort are call$    
wood ducks1 resembl+ v mu* ^? ( ! fir/  

sort1 ?\gh some:at l>g] 9 size2 ! brea/ 
is black1 ! re/ ( ! body grey4 ,^! d n  
propagate 9 ! common way ( g5]ation by  
c\pl+ l o!r birds1 b 7:i* is v surpris+7
 f a slimy matt] 9 ! sea1 :i* adh]es to 
old pieces ( wood driv+ 9 ! sea1 ( :i*  
fir/ is g5]at$ a k9d ( muscles1 & aga9 9
 ^! is br$ a little worm1 :i* 9 l5g? (  
"t is =m$ into a bird1 t comes out ( !  
muscle %ell1 z o!r birds come out ( egg 
%ells#cj4 ,besides ^! !re is ano!r sea  
bird1 :i* ! ,norway m5 call alkes1 :i* 9
 ! w9t] season contribute mu* to !      
ma9t5ance ( ! ,gre5l&]s4 ,sometimes !re 
are su* numb]s ( !m1 t !y drive !m 9    
l>ge flocks to ! %ore1 :]e !y cat* !m ) 
_! h&s4 ,!y are n s l>ge z a duck1 nor  
is _! fle% s well ta/$1 be+ m tra9y1 or 
oily4 ,! less] sort ( alkes1 :i* also   
ab\nd "h1 are m eatable ?an ! l>ge ones4
 ,besides ?is va/ numb] ( sea f[ls1 !re 
is yet "o ( a small] size1 by ! natives 
call$ tungovi>seck1 :i*1 = ! sake ( its 
beautiful fea!rs1 ought n to be =got3 x 
has ! size & %ape ( a l>k4  ,wild geese 

or grey geese keep to ! ,nor?w>d (      
,gre5l&2 !y are ( %ape l o!r geese1     
some:at small]1 ) grey fea!rs4 ,!y take 
_! flight f o!r ,s\!rn climates ov] to  
,gre5l& e spr+1 to bre$ _! "y ones2 :i*1
 :5 gr[n & able to fly1 !y c>ry along ) 
!m & return to ! m ,s\!rn & mild]       
climates1 :]e !y pass ! w9t] season4  ,9
 %ort1 ,i h myself f\nd 9 ,gre5l& all ! 
sev]al sorts ( sea f[ls :i* we h 9      
,norway2 z all k9ds ( mews l>ge & small1
 :i* build _! ne/s 9 ! clifts ( ! highe/
 rocks1 beyond ! rea* ( any "o2 & "s ^u 
! little isl&s1 z ! bird call$ t]ne & ! 
l2 ^: eggs !y ga!r 9 great abundance    
among ! /ones3 ! lundes1 or ,gre5l&     
p>rot1 s call$ on acc\nt ( its beautiful
 plumage & broad speckl$ bill3 ! lumbs1 
! sea-emms1 a f[l ( a l>ge size1 & v    
small w+s1 = :i* reason he _c fly3      
besides snipes1 & a great numb] ( o!rs2 
"s too common to be enum]at$ & describ$ 
"h1 & o!rs1 ( :i* ,i "k n ! "n4         
,,*ap4 ,,vii4  ,illu/ration             
,treats ( ! ord9>y ,occupations1 z      

,hunt+ & ,fi%+3 ( !      ,tools &       
,in/rum5ts necess>y = ^! ,employm5ts3 ( 
! ,h\se      ,implem5ts & ,ut5sils1 c41 
( ! ,gre5l&]s4   ,z e nation has its    
peculi> way ( liv+ & ( gett+ _!         
livelihood1 suit+ _! g5ius & temp] to ! 
nature & produce ( ! c\ntry !y inhabit2 
s ! ,gre5l&]s likewise h !irs1 peculi>  
to !mselves & _! c\ntry4 ,& ?\gh _! way 
& cu/oms may seem to o!rs mean & silly1 
yet !y are su* z v well s]ve _! turn1 & 
:i* we c f9d no fault )4 ,_! ord9>y     
employm5ts are fi%+ & hunt+3 on %ore !y 
hunt ! re9 de]1 & at sea !y pursue !    
:ales1 morses1 seals1 & o!r sea animals1
 z also sea f[ls & fi%es4 ,! mann] (    
hunt+ ! re9 de] has be5 treat$ ( above 9
 ! fif? *apt]2 b !re we took no notice (
 _! b[s & arr[s1 :i* !y make use ( 9 !  
kill+ ^? de]4 ,_! b[ is ( an ord9>y     
make1 commonly made ( fir tree1 :i* 9   
,norway is call$ t5al1 & on ! back      
/r5g!n$ ) /r+s made ( s9ews ( animals1  
twi/$ l ?read3 ! b[ /r+ is made ( a good
 /rong /rap ( seal sk91 or ( sev]al     

s9ews twi/$ toge!r2 ! b[ is a good fa?om
 long4 ,! head ( ! arr[ is arm$ ) iron1 
or a %>p po9t$ bone1 ) "o or m hooks1 t 
x may keep hold1 :5 %ot into a de]'s    
body4 ,! arr[s !y %oot birds ) are at ! 
head cov]$ ) "o or m pieces ( bone blunt
 at ! end1 t !y may kill ! f[l )\t te>+ 
! fle%4 ,! sea f[ls are n %ot ) arr[s1 b
 ) d>ts1 head$ ) bones or iron1 :i* !y  
?r[ v dext]\sly1 & ) s /eady a h& at a  
great di/ance1 t nobody c hit sur] ) a  
gun4 ,!y are m frequ5tly employ$ at sea 
?an on %ore2 & ,i confess !y surpass    
!re9 mo/ o!r nations2 = _! way ( tak+   
:ales1 seals1 & o!r sea animals is by f>
 ! mo/ skilful & mo/ easy & h&y4  ,:5 !y
 g :ale cat*+1 !y put on _! be/ ge> or  
app>el1 z if !y 7 go+ to a w$d+ fea/1   
fancy+ t if !y did n come cleanly &     
neatly dress$1 ! :ale1 :o _c be> slov5ly
 & dirty habits1 w\ld %un !m & fly f !m4
 ,?is is ! mann] ( _! exp$ition3 ab\t   
fifty p]sons1 m5 & wom51 set out toge!r 
9 "o ( ! l>ge boats1 call$ kone boat2 ! 
wom5 c>ry along ) !m _! sew+ tackles1   

consi/+ ( ne$les & ?read1 to sew & m5d  
_! husb&s' spr+ coats1 or jackets1 if !y
 %\ld be torn or pi]c$ ?r\gh1 z also to 
m5d ! boat1 9 case x %\ld receive any   
damage2 ! m5 g 9 se>* ( ! :ale1 & :5 !y 
h f\nd him !y /rike him ) _! h>poons1 to
 :i* are fa/5$ l9es or /raps two or ?ree
 fa?oms long1 made ( seal sk91 at ! end 
( :i* !y tie a bag ( a :ole seal sk91   
fill$ ) air1 l a bladd]2 to ! end t !   
:ale1 :5 he f9ds himself w\nd$1 & runs  
away ) ! h>poon1 may ! soon] be tir$1 ! 
air bag h9d]+ him f keep+ long "u wat]4 
,:5 he gr[s tir$ & loses /r5g?1 !y      
attack him aga9 ) _! spe>s & lances1    
till he is kill$1 & !n !y put on _! spr+
 coats1 made ( dress$ seal sk91 all ( "o
 piece1 ) boots1 gloves1 & caps1 sew$ & 
lac$ s tight toge!r t no wat] c p5etrate
 !m4 ,9 ?is g>b !y jump into ! sea1 &   
beg9 to slice ! fat ( him all r\nd !    
body1 ev5 "u ! wat]2 = 9 ^! coats !y _c 
s9k1 z !y are always full ( air2 s t !y 
c1 l ! seal1 /& upright 9 ! sea3 nay !y 
are sometimes s d>+1 t !y w get ^u !    

:ale's back :ile !re is yet life 9 him1 
to make an end ( him & cut away 8 fat4  
,!y g mu* ! same way to "w 9 kill+ (    
seals1 except t ! h>poon is less]1 to   
:i* is fa/5$ a l9e ( seal sk9 six or    
sev5 fa?oms long1 at ! end ( :i* is a   
bladd] or bag made ( a small seal sk9   
fill$ ) air to keep ! seal1 :5 he is    
w\nd$1 f div+ "u ! wat]1 & be+ lo/ aga94
 ,9 ! ,nor!rn p>ts1 :]e ! sea is all    
froz5 ov] 9 ! w9t]1 !y use o!r means 9  
cat*+ ( seals4 ,!y fir/ look out =      
holes1 :i* ! seals !mselves make ) _!   
claws1 ab\t ! bigness ( a halfp5ny1 t !y
 may fet* _! brea?2 aft] !y h f\nd any  
hole1 !y seat !mselves ne> x ^u a *air  
made = ?is purpose2 & z soon z !y       
p]ceive ! seal come up to ! hole & put 8
 sn\t into x = "s air1 !y imm$iately    
/rike him ) a small h>poon1 :i* !y h    
ready 9 _! h&1 to :i* h>poon is fa/5$ a 
/rap a fa?om long1 :i* !y hold ) ! o!r  
h&4 ,aft] he is /ruck1 & _c escape1 !y  
cut ! hole s l>ge1 t !y may get him up  
?r\gh x2 & z soon z !y h got 8 head     

above ! ice1 !y c kill him ) "o bl[ ( ! 
fi/4  ,a ?ird way ( cat*+ seals is ?is3 
!y make a great hole 9 ! ice1 or1 9 !   
spr+1 !y f9d out holes made by ! seals1 
?r\gh :i* !y get ^u ! ice to lie & bask 
!mselves 9 ! sun4 ,ne> to ^! holes !y   
place a l[ b5*1 ^u :i* !y lie d[n ^u _! 
belly1 hav+ fir/ made a small hole ne> !
 l>ge "o1 ?r\gh :i* !y let s(tly d[n a  
p]*1 sixte5 or tw5ty y>ds long1 head$ ) 
a h>poon1 a /rap be+ fa/5$ to x1 :i* "o 
holds 9 8 h&1 :ile ano!r 7= !re mu/ be  
two employ$ 9 ?is sort ( capture7 :o    
lies ^u ! b5* ) 8 face d[nw>ds1 wat*es !
 com+ ( ! seal1 :i* :5 he p]ceives1 he  
cries 8,k20 :]eupon he1 :o holds ! pole1
 pu%es & /rikes ! seal4  ,! f\r? way is 
?is3 9 ! spr+1 :5 ! seals lie ^u ! ice  
ne> holes1 :i* !y !mselves make to get  
up & d[n1 ! ,gre5l&]s1 clo!d ) seal     
sk9s1 & a long p]* 9 _! h&1 creep along 
^u ! ice1 mov+ _! head =w>ds & backw>ds1
 & snort+ l a seal1 till !y come s ne>  
him1 t !y c rea* him ) ! p]* & /rike    
him4 ,a fif? mann] ( cat*+ seals is1 :5 

9 ! spr+ ! curr5t makes l>ge holes 9 !  
ice1 ! seals flock ?i!r 9 great %oals2  
!re ! natives wat* _! opportunity to    
/rike !m ) _! h>poons1 & haul !m ^u !   
ice4 ,!re is yet a six? way ( cat*+     
seals1 :5 ! ice is n cov]$ ) sn[1 b cle>
 & transp>5t2 !n ! cat*]s lay "u _! feet
 foxes or dogs' tails1 or a piece ( a   
be>'s hide1 to /& ^u & wat* ! animal1 & 
:5 by 8 bl[+ & snort+ !y f9d :at c\rse  
he takes1 !y s(tly foll[ him & /rike    
him4  ,9 fi%+ !y make use ( hooks &     
angles ( iron or bones4 ,_! l9es are    
made ( :alebones cut v small & ?91 & at 
! end tack$ toge!r2 & ) su* l9es !y w   
draw "o hundr$ fi%es to "o :i* our p c  
cat* ) _! hemp l9es4 ,b to cat* halibut 
!y use /rong l9es made ( seal sk91 or   
?ick hemp l9es4  ,_! way ( fi%+ ! small 
salmon or sea tr\t is ?is3 at l[ wat] !y
 build small enclosures ) /one1 ne> !   
riv]'s m\?1 or any o!r place :]e !      
salmon runs along2 & :5 x beg9s to fl[1 
& ! tide comes 91 ! salmon retreats to !
 riv]1 & 9 high wat] passes ov] !       

enclosure1 & rema9s 9 ! riv] till ! wat]
 aga9 falls2 !n ! salmon wants to g to  
sea aga92 b ! fi%]m5 way-lay him at !   
enclosure & /op 8 passage4 ,& soon aft]1
 :5 ! wat] is q fall5 & x is l[ ebb1 !  
salmon rema9s ^u dry l&1 & may be caught
 ) h&s4 ,& :]e !y are left 9 holes1 !y  
take !m ) an in/rum5t made = ?is        
purpose1 viz4 a p]* head$ ) two %>p     
hook$ bones1 or ) "o or two iron hooks4 
,! rogn fi%1 or roe fi%1 s nam$ f !     
great quantity ( roe t is f\nd 9 x1 z he
 is commonly f\nd 9 %all[ wat] & ^u !   
s&s1 s he is caught l ! salmon ) !      
be=e-m5tion$ in/rum5t4 ,!re is su*      
abundance ( ^! fi%es1 t1 z !y _c consume
 !m all fre%1 !y are oblig$ to dry !m on
 ! rocks1 & keep !m = w9t] provision4   
,:5 roe fi% cat*+ is ov]1 :i* happ5s 9 !
 mon? ( ,may1 !n ! ,gre5l&]s retire into
 ! bays & creeks1 :]e ! lod or /9t fi%+ 
!n takes place4 ,!re are su* numb]less  
%oals ( !m ne> ! %ore1 t !y cat* !m 9 a 
k9d ( sieves fa/5$ ^u long poles1 & ?r[ 
!m ^u ! %ore2 !y op5 & dry !m ^u !      

rocks1 keep+ !m = _! w9t] /ock4 ,?is fi%
 is n agreeable1 nor reckon$ :olesome1  
:5 eat5 fre%2 besides !y h a nause\s    
smell1 b :5 dri$ !y may pass4 ,! natives
 eat !m ) a bit ( fat1 or s\s$ 9 tra9   
oil3 & s ( all o!r sorts ( fi%es1 :at ! 
,gre5l&]s _c consume fre% !y dry ^u !   
rocks 9 ! sun1 or 9 ! w9d1 & lay !m up =
 ! w9t]4  ,n[ z to ! ,gre5l& boats1 !re 
are two sorts ( !m2 ! "o ( :i* ! m5     
alone make use1 is a small vessel %>p & 
po9t$ at bo? ends1 ?ree fa?oms 9 l5g?1 &
 at mo/ b ?ree qu>t]s ( a y>d broad ) a 
r\nd hole 9 ! mid/1 j l>ge en\gh = a    
man's body to ent] x1 & sit d[n 9 x1 !  
inside ( ! boat is made ( ?9 rafts tack$
 toge!r ) ! s9ews ( animals1 & ! outside
 is cov]$ ) seal sk9s1 dress$ & )\t     
hair2 no m ?an "o c sit 9 x1 :o fa/5s x 
s tight ab\t 8 wai/1 t no wat] c        
p5etrate x4 ,9 ^! small boats !y g to   
sea1 manag+ !m ) "o o> ( a fa?om 9 l5g?1
 broad at bo? ends1 ) :i* !y paddle     
sometimes on "o side1 & sometimes on !  
o!r1 ) s mu* swiftness1 t !y are said to

 r[ t5 or twelve ,norway miles 9 a day4 
,!y *iefly make use ( !m 9 cat*+ ( seals
 & sea f[ls1 :i* !y c approa* on a sudd5
 & unaw>es2 :]eas we 9 our l>ge boats c 
v seldom come s ne> z to t\* !m4 ,!y d n
 fe> v5tur+ out to sea 9 !m 9 ! greate/ 
/orms1 because !y swim z light ^u !     
l>ge/ waves z a bird c fly2 & :5 ! waves
 come ^u !m ) all _! fury1 !y only turn 
! side ( ! boat t[>ds !m to let !m pass1
 )\t ! lea/ dang] ( be+ sunk3 ?\gh !y   
may happ5 to be ov]set1 yet !y easily   
raise !mselves aga9 ) _! paddle2 b if !y
 are ov]set unaw>es 7z x (t5 happ5s7 & !
 boat be n close & tight ab\t _! wai/1  
!y are inevitably dr[n$4  ,! o!r k9d (  
boats are l>ge & op51 l our boats1 "s ( 
!m tw5ty y>ds long2 & ^! are call$ kone 
boats1 t is1 wom5's boats1 because !    
wom5 commonly r[ !m2 = !y ?9k x unbecom+
 a man to r[ su* a boat1 unless great   
necessity requires x3 & :5 !y fir/ set  
out = ! :ale fi%+1 ! m5 sit 9 a v       
neglig5t po/ure1 ) _! faces turn$ t[>ds 
! pr[1 pull+ ) _! little ord9>y paddle2 

b ! wom5 sit 9 ! ord9>y way1 ) _! faces 
t[>ds ! /]n1 r[+ ) long o>s4 ,! inside (
 ^! boats is compos$ ( ?9 rafts1 & !    
outside clo!d ) ?ick seal sk9s4 ,9 ^!   
boats !y transport _! baggage1 z t5ts & 
! l h\sehold furniture1 :5 !y g to      
settle 9 "s di/ant places 9 que/ (      
provision4 ,9 ^! boats !y also c>ry     
sails1 made ( ! b[els & entrails (      
seals4 ,! ma/ is plac$ =emo/ on ! pr[1 &
 z ! sail is broad at ! upp] end1 :]e x 
is fa/5$ to ! y>d & n>r[ at ! l[] end1 s
 !y nei!r want braces nor b[l9es & %eet 
ropes1 & ) ^! sails !y sail well en\gh )
 ! w9d1 n o!rwise4 ,^! boats1 z !y are  
flat-bottom$1 c soon be ov]set4  ,! m5  
m$dle ) no "w at home b :at conc]ns _!  
tools = hunt+ & fi%+ tackl+s1 viz4 _!   
boats1 b[s1 arr[s1 & ! l4 ,all o!r "w1  
ev5 ( build+ & repair+ _! h\ses1 belongs
 to ! wom54 ,z dext]\s & skilful z ! m5 
are at _! "w1 s ! wom5 are n beh9dh& )  
!m1 b accord+ to _! way & mann] des]ve  
to be prais$ & admir$4     ,,*ap4       
,,viii4  ,illu/ration  ,( !             

,inhabitants1 _! ,h\ses1 & ,h\se        
,furniture4   ,x is und\bt$1 t ! mod]n  
inhabitants ( ,gre5l& are ! (fspr+ ( !  
,s*rell+s1 especially ^? t live on !    
,we/]n coa/2 & !re may be "s mixture1 = 
aught we "k1 ( ! anci5t ,norway colonies
 t =m]ly dwell$ 9 ! c\ntry1 :o 9 l5g? ( 
"t 7 bl5d$ & naturaliz$ among ! natives1
 :i* is made probable by sev]al ,norway 
words f\nd 9 _! language4 ,=1 al?\gh !  
,norway colonies 7 de/roy$1 yet !re 71  
no d\bt1 "s rema9s ( !m1 :i* jo9$ ) !   
natives & became all "o nation4 ,) ^!   
inhabitants all ! sea coa/s are peopl$1 
"s m & "s less4  ,! coa/ is pretty      
popul\s 9 ! ,s\!rn p>ts1 & on ! ,nor? 9 
#fh & #fi2 ?\gh1 comp>$ to o!r c\ntries1
 x is 9 ! ma9 b ?9ly inhabit$4 ,9 ! inn]
 p>ts ( ! c\ntry nobody lives1 except at
 c]ta9 times 9 ! summ] season1 :5 !y g  
re9 de] hunt+4 ,! reason ( ?is is1 t 7z 
has be5 said above7 ! :ole upl& c\ntry  
is p]petually cov]$ ) ice & sn[4  ,z to 
_! h\ses or dwell+ places1 !y h "o = !  
w9t] season & ano!r = ! summ]4 ,_! w9t] 

habitation is a l[ hut built ) /one &   
turf1 two or ?ree y>ds high1 ) a flat   
ro(4 ,9 ?is hut ! w9d[s are on "o side1 
made ( ! b[els ( seals dress$ & sew$    
toge!r1 or ( ! maws ( halibut1 & are    
:ite & transp>5t4 ,on ! o!r side _! b$s 
are plac$1 :i* consi/ 9 %elves or b5*es 
made up ( deal bo>ds rais$ half a y>d f 
! gr\nd2 _! b$d+ is made ( seal & re9   
de] sk9s4  ,sev]al families live toge!r 
9 "o ( ^! h\ses or huts2 ea* family     
occupy+ a room by itself1 sep>at$ f !   
re/ by a wood5 po/1 by :i* also ! ro( is
 support$2 be=e :i* !re is a he>? or    
fireplace1 9 :i* is plac$ a great lamp 9
 ! =m ( a half moon seat$ on a trevet2  
ov] ?is are hung _! kettles ( brass1    
copp]1 or m>ble1 9 :i* !y boil _!       
victuals3 "u ! ro(1 j above ! lamp1 !y h
 a sort ( rack or %elf1 to put _! wet   
clo!s ^u to dry4 ,! =e door or entry ( !
 h\se is v l[1 s t !y mu/ /oop1 & mo/   
creep 9 ^u all f\rs1 to get 9 at x2 :i* 
is s contriv$ to keep ! cold air out z  
mu* z possible4 ,! inside ( ! h\ses is  

cov]$ or l9$ ) old sk9s1 :i* be=e h s]v$
 = ! cov]+ ( _! boats4 ,"s ( ^! h\ses   
are s l>ge1 t !y c h>b\r sev5 or eight  
families4  ,^u ! b5*es or %elves1 :]e _!
 b$s are plac$1 is ! ord9>y seat ( !    
wom51 att5d+ _! "w ( sew+ & mak+ up !   
clo?+4 ,! m5 ) _! sons occupy ! =emo/   
p>ts ( ! b5*es1 turn+ _! back to ! wom53
 on ! opposite side1 "u ! w9d[s1 ! m5   
belong+ to ! family1 or /rang]s1 take _!
 seats ^u ! b5*es !re plac$4  ,i _c =be>
 tak+ notice1 t ?\gh 9 "o ( ^! h\ses !re
 be t5 or tw5ty tra9 lamps1 "o does n   
p]ceive ! /eam or smoke !re( to fill ^! 
small cottages3 ! reason1 ,i imag9e1 is1
 ! c>e !y take 9 trimm+ ^? lamps1 viz4  
!y take dry moss1 rubb$ v small1 :i* !y 
lay on "o side ( ! lamp1 :i*1 be+       
light$1 burns s(tly & does n cause any  
smoke1 if !y d n lay x on too ?ick1 or 9
 lumps4 ,?is fire gives su* a heat1 t x 
n only s]ves to boil _! victuals1 b also
 heats ! room to t degree1 t x is z hot 
z a bagnio4 ,b = ^? :o are n us$ to ?is 
way ( fir+1 ! smell is v disagreeable1 z

 well by ! numb] ( burn+ lamps1 all f$ )
 tra9 oil1 z on acc\nt ( div]s sorts (  
raw meat1 fi%es1 & fat1 :i* !y heap up 9
 _! habitations2 b especially _! ur9e   
tubs smell mo/ insuff]ably1 & /rike "o1 
t is n accu/om$ to x1 to ! v he>t4  ,^! 
w9t] habitations !y beg9 to dwell 9     
imm$iately aft] ,mi*aelmas1 & leave !m  
aga9 at ! approa* ( ! spr+1 :i* commonly
 is at ! latt] end ( ,m>*2 & !n = !     
summ] season lodge 9 t5ts1 :i* are _!   
summ] habitations4 ,^! t5ts are made (  
rafts or long poles1 set 9 a circul> =m1
 b5d+ at ! top1 & resembl+ a sug> loaf1 
& cov]$ ) a d\ble cov]1 ( :i* ! inn]mo/ 
is ( seal or re9 de] sk9s ) ! hairy side
 inw>d 7if !y be ri*71 & ! out]mo/ also 
( ! same sort ( sk9s1 )\t hair1 dress$ )
 fat1 t ! ra9 may n pi]ce !m4 ,9 ^! t5ts
 !y h _! b$s1 & lamps to dress _! meat  
)2 also a curta9 made ( ! guts or b[els 
( seals sew$ toge!r1 ?r\gh :i* !y       
receive ! day light in/ead ( w9d[s4 ,e  
ma/] ( a family has got su* a t5t1 & a  
great woman's boat1 to transport _! t5ts

 & luggage f place to place1 :]e _!     
bus9ess calls !m4     ,,*ap4 ,,ix4  ,!  
,gre5l&]s' ,p]sons1 ,complexion1 &      
,temp]am5t4   ,! ,gre5l&]s1 z well man z
 womank9d1 are well %ap$ & proportion$1 
r %ort ?an tall1 & /rong built1 incl9$  
to be fat & corpul5t2 _! faces broad1   
?ick lips1 & flat nos$2 _! hair & eyes  
black1 _! complexion a v d>k tawny2 ?\gh
 ,i h se5 "s pretty fair4 ,_! bodies are
 ( a vigor\s con/itution4 ,!re are      
seldom f\nd any sick or lame1 & b few   
di/emp]s are kn[n among !m1 besides     
weakness ( ! eye-sight1 :i* is caus$ by 
! %>p & pi]c+ spr+ w9ds1 z well z ! sn[ 
& ice1 t hurt ! sight4  ,i h met ) "s t 
seem$ infect$ ) a k9d ( leprosy2 yet    
7:at is surpris+ to me71 ?\gh !y conv]se
 ) o!rs1 & lay ) !m 9 "o b$1 x is n     
cat*+4 ,!y t dwell 9 ! mo/ ,nor!rn p>ts 
are (t5 mis]ably plagu$ ) dys5t]ies or  
bloody fluxes1 brea/ diseases1 boils1 & 
epilepsy1 or fall+ sickness1 c4 ,!re 7  
no epidemical or contagi\s diseases kn[n
 among !m1 z plague1 small-pox1 & su* l1

 till ! ye> #agcd1 :5 "o ( ! natives1 :o
 ) sev]al o!rs 7 br\ght ov] to ,d5m>k1 &
 toge!r ) 8 companions _h ! small-pox at
 ,cop5hag51 com+ home aga9 to 8 native  
c\ntry br\ght ! infection among/ !m2 (  
:i* !re 7 swept away 9 & ab\t ! colony  
ab\t two ?\s& p]sons4 ,= z ! natives z  
well z ! animals ( ?is climate are ( a  
hot nature1 !y _c be> ! outw>d heat1 mu*
 less ! inw>d1 caus$ by ?is burn+       
di/emp]1 :i* inflames ! mass ( blood to 
t degree1 t x _c1 by any means1 be      
qu5*$4 ,!y are v full ( blood1 :i* is   
obs]v$ by _! frequ5t ble$+ at ! nose4   
,few ( !m exce$ ! age ( fifty or sixty  
ye>s2 _m die 9 ! prime ( _! life1 & mo/ 
"p 9 _! t5d] infancy2 :i* is n to be    
wond]$ at1 consid]+ !y are q de/itute ( 
all sorts ( m$ic9es1 & ignorant ( all t 
may /r5g!n & com=t sick bodies4 ,to     
supply :i* defects1 !y "k ( no?+ bett]  
?an to s5d = _! div9es1 :i* !y "n       
angekuts1 :o mutt] c]ta9 spells ov] !   
sick1 by :i* !y hope to recov]4  ,=     
outw>d hurts1 z w\nds1 cuts ( knives1 & 

! l1 !y sew or /it* !m toge!r4 ,if any  
gr[ bl9d1 z x (t5 happ5s to !m1 ! eye   
be+ cov]$ ov] ) a :ite sk91 !y make a   
small hook ) a ne$le1 :i* !y fa/5 into  
?is sk91 to loos5 x f ! eye1 & !n ) a   
knife !y pull x (f4 ,:5 *ildr5 are      
plagu$ ) worms1 ! "m puts h] tongue     
7salva v]ic7 into ! anus ( ! *ildr51 to 
kill !m4 ,burnt moss ) tra9 oil mix$    
toge!r s]ves = plai/]s to fre% w\nds2 or
 !y cov] !m ) a piece ( ! inn]mo/ r9d ( 
a tree1 & x w heal ( itself4  ,!        
,gre5l&]s are commonly ( a phlegmatic   
temp]1 :i* is ! cause ( a cold nature & 
/upidity3 !y seldom fly into a passion1 
or are mu* affect$ or tak5 ) any ?+1 b (
 an ins5sible1 indol5t m9d4 ,yet ,i am (
 op9ion1 t :at contributes mo/ to ?is   
coldness & /upidity is want ( education 
& prop] means to cultivate _! m9ds4 ,9  
:i* op9ion ,i am confirm$ by ! exp]i5ce 
( "s :o _h = "s "t conv]s$ ) u1         
especially ! "y ones1 :o easily h tak5  
all t !y h se5 or he>d among u1 :e!r x 0
 good or bad4 ,i h f\nd "s ( !m witty   

en\gh1 & ( good capacity4     ,,*ap4 ,x4
  ,! ,cu/oms1 ,virtues1 & ,vices1 & !   
,mann]s or ,way ( ,life ( ! ,gre5l&]s4  
,?\gh ! ,gre5l&]s are z yet subject to  
no gov]nm5t1 nor "k ( any magi/rates1 or
 laws1 or any sort ( discipl9e2 yet !y  
are s f> f be+ lawless or disord]ly1 t  
!y are a law to !mselves2 _! ev5 temp] &
 good nature mak+ !m obs]ve a regul> &  
ord]ly behavi\r t[>ds "o ano!r4 ,"o _c  
en\gh admire h[ peaceably1 lov+ly1 &    
unit$ !y live toge!r2 hatr$ & envy1     
/rifes & j>s are nev] he>d ( among      
!m#ca4 ,& al?\gh x may happ5 t "o be>s a
 grudge to ano!r1 yet x nev] breaks out 
into any scold+ or fight+2 nei!r h !y   
any words to express su* passions1 or   
any injuri\s & provok+ t]ms ( qu>rell+4 
,x has happ5$ once or twice1 t a v wick$
 & malici\s fell[1 out ( a secret       
grudge1 has kill$ ano!r2 :i* none ( !   
neighb\rs h tak5 notice (1 b all let x  
pass ) a surpris+ indol5ce2 save ! next 
k9dr$ to ! dead1 if he f9ds himself     
/rong en\gh1 rev5ges 8 relation's dea?  

^u ! murd]]4 ,!y "k ( no o!r puni%m5t2 b
 ^? old wom5 call$ wit*es1 & su* z      
pret5d to kill or hurt by _! conjur+2 to
 su* !y %[ great rig\r1 mak+ no?+ (     
kill+ & de/roy+ !m )\t m]cy4 ,& !y      
pret5d t x is v well done2 ^? p n des]v+
 to live1 :o by secret arts c hurt &    
make away ) o!rs4  ,!y h z great an     
abhorr5ce ( /eal+ or ?iev+ among        
!mselves1 z any nation ^u ,e>?2 :]e=e !y
 keep no?+ %ut up "u lock & key1 b leave
 e ?+ unlock$ t e body c come at x1 )\t 
fe> ( los+ x4  ,?is vice is s mu* dete/$
 by !m1 t if a maid5 %\ld /eal any ?+1  
%e w\ld !reby =feit a good mat*4 ,yet if
 !y c lay h&s ^u any ?+ belong+ to u    
=eign]s1 !y make no great scruple (     
consci5ce ab\t x4 ,b1 z we n[ h liv$ "s 
"t 9 ! c\ntry among/ !m1 & are look$ ^u 
z true inhabitants ( ! l&1 !y at la/ h  
=bore to mole/ u any m t way4  ,z to !  
transgression ( ! sev5? comm&m5t1 we    
nev] h f\nd !m guilty 9 t po9t1 ei!r 9  
words or de$s1 except :at passes among/ 
! m>ri$ p 9 _! public div]sions1 z we   

%all see h]eaft]4  ,z = :at we call     
civility & complim5ts1 !y d n mu* tr\ble
 !mselves ab\t !m2 !y g & come1 meet &  
pass "o ano!r1 )\t mak+ use ( any greet+
 or salutation3 yet !y are f> f be+     
unmann]ly or uncivil 9 _! conv]sation2 =
 !y make a diff]5ce among p]sons1 & give
 m hon\r to "o ?an to ano!r1 accord+ to 
_! m]it & des]ts4 ,!y nev] ent] any h\se
 :]e !y are /rang]s1 unless !y are      
invit$1 & :5 !y come 91 ! ma/] ( ! h\se1
 to :om !y pay ! visit1 %[s !m ! place  
:]e !y are to take _! seat4  ,z soon z a
 visitor ent]s ! h\se1 he is desir$ =?) 
to /rip nak$1 & to sit d[n 9 ?is guise l
 all ! re/2 = ?is is ! gr& fa%ion ) !m  
to dry ! clo!s ( _! gue/4 ,:5 victuals  
are put be=e him1 he takes c>e n to beg9
 eat+ imm$iately1 = fe> ( be+ look$ ^u z
 />v$1 or ( pass+ = a glutton4 ,he mu/  
/ay till all ! family is gone to b$ be=e
 he c lie d[n1 = to !m x seems unbecom+ 
t ! gue/ goes to re/ be=e ! l&lord4     
,:5ev] a /rang] comes into a h\se1 he   
nev] asks = victuals1 ?\gh nev] s       

hungry2 nor is !re any ne$ he %\ld2 = !y
 g5]ally ex]cise great hospitality1 &   
are v free ) :at !y h2 & :at is highly  
to be admir$ & praisewor?y1 !y h mo/ ?+s
 9 common2 & if !re be any among !m 7z x
 w happ57 :o _c "w or get 8 livelihood1 
!y d n let him />ve1 b admit him freely 
to _! table1 9 :i* !y conf\nd u         
,*ri/ians1 :o suff] s _m poor & di/ress$
 mortals to p]i% = want ( victuals4     
,f9ally1 ! ,gre5l&]s1 z to _! mann]s &  
common way ( life1 are v slov5ly1 na/y1 
& fil?y2 !y seldom wa% !mselves#cb1 w   
eat out ( plates & b[ls aft] _! dogs1   
)\t cleans+ !m2 & 7:at is mo/ nause\s to
 behold71 eat lice & su* l v]m91 :i* !y 
f9d ^u !mselves or o!rs4 ,?us !y make   
good ! old prov]b1 :at drips f ! nose   
falls into ! m\?1 t no?+ may be lo/4 ,!y
 w scrape ! sweat f (f _! faces ) a     
knife1 & lick x up4 ,!y d n blu% to sit 
d[n & ease !mselves 9 ! pres5ce ( o!rs4 
,e family has a ur9e tub plac$ be=e !   
entry1 9 :i* !y make wat]1 & leave x s  
/&+ till x smells mo/ insuff]ably1 = !y 

put 9 x ! sk9s1 :i* are to be dress$1 to
 soak or /eep1 :i* af=ds n ! mo/        
agreeable sc5t2 to ! encreas+ ( :i* !   
rott5 pieces ( fle% meat & fat ?r[n "u  
_! b5*es contributes a great deal2 s t  
delicate noses d n f9d _! acc\nt among  
!m4 ,yet ?r\gh long cu/om ! mo/ nause\s 
?+s become m supportable4  ,not)/&+1    
h[ev]1 _! na/y & mo/ bea/ly way ( liv+1 
!y are v good natur$ & fri5dly 9        
conv]sation4 ,!y c be m]ry & be> a joke1
 provid$ x be )9 due b\nds4 ,nev] any ( 
!m has (f]$ 9 ! lea/ mann] to hurt or to
 d h>m to any ( our p1 unless provok$ to
 x4 ,!y fe> & respect u z a nation f>   
sup]ior to !irs 9 val\r & /r5g?4        
,,*ap4 ,,xi4  ,illu/ration  ,( _!       
,habits1 & ,way ( ,dress+4   ,_! clo!s  
are1 = ! mo/ "p1 made ( re9 de] & seal  
sk91 z also ( bird's sk9 nicely dress$ &
 prep>$4 ,! m5's habits are a coat or   
jacket1 ) a cap or hood sew$ to x1 to   
cov] ! head & %\ld]s1 9 ! fa%ion ( a    
dom9o1 or monk's hood4 ,?is coat rea*es 
d[n to ! knees4 ,_! bree*es are v small1

 n com+ above _! lo9s1 t !y may n h9d]  
!m 9 gett+ into _! small boats4 ,& z !y 
we> no l951 ! hair ( ! sk9s ! coat is   
made ( is turn$ inw>d to keep !m w>m4   
,ov] ?is coat !y put on a l>ge frock1   
made ( seal sk9 dress$ & tann$1 )\t     
hair1 9 ord] to keep ! wat] out2 & ?us  
!y are dress$ :5 !y g to sea4  ,betwe5 !
 lea!rn frock & ! "u coat !y we> a l95  
%irt1 or1 = want ( l951 made ( seal's   
guts2 :i* also helps to keep out ! wat] 
f ! "u coat4 ,( late !y appe> sometimes 
9 m gaudy dresses1 z %irts made ( /rip$ 
l951 & coats & bree*es ( r$ & blue      
/uffs1 or clo?1 :i* !y buy ( ours1 or ! 
,dut* m]*ants1 b fa%ion$ aft] _! own    
way2 9 ^! !y make p>ade & fea/1 :5 !y   
keep holidays on %ore4 ,! /ock+s !y wore
 =m]ly 7 made ( re9 de]1 or seal's sk91 
b n[ !y l bett] our sort ( wor/$ /ock+s1
 ( diff]5t col\rs1 :ite1 blue1 & r$1 :i*
 !y buy ( u4 ,_! %oes & boots are made (
 seal's sk9s1 r$ or yell[1 well dress$ &
 tann$2 !y are nicely wr\ght1 ) folds   
beh9d & be=e1 )\t heels1 & fit well ^u !

 foot#cc4  ,! only diff]5ce betwe5 !    
dress ( ! m5 & ! wom5 is1 t ! wom5's    
coats are high] on ! %\ld]s & wid] ?an !
 m5's1 ) high] & l>g] hoods4 ,! m>ri$   
wom51 t h got *ildr51 we> mu* l>g] coats
 ?an ! re/1 mo/ l g[ns1 because !y mu/  
c>ry _! *ildr5 9 !m ^u _! backs1 hav+   
got no o!r cradle or swadl+ clo!s = !m4 
,!y we> draw]s1 :i* rea* to ! middle ( !
 ?igh1 & ov] !m bree*es3 ! draw]s !y    
always keep on1 & sleep 9 !m4 ,_!       
bree*es come d[n to ! knee3 ^! !y d n   
we> 9 ! summ]1 nor 9 ! w9t]1 b :5 !y g  
abroad2 & z soon z !y come home !y pull 
!m (f aga94 ,next to _! body !y we> a   
wai/coat made ( "y fawns' sk9s1 ) !     
hairy side inw>d4 ,! coat1 or upp]      
g>m5t1 is also made ( f9e col\r$ swans' 
sk9s 7or1 9 defect ( t1 ( seal sk9s7    
trimm$ & edg$ ) :ite1 & nicely wr\ght 9 
! seams1 & ab\t ! brim1 :i* looks v     
well4 ,_! %oes & boots1 ) little        
diff]5ce1 are l ^? ( ! m54 ,_! hair1 :i*
 is v long & ?ick1 is braid$ & ti$ up 9 
a knot1 :i* becomes !m well4 ,!y        

commonly g b>e-head$1 z well )\t z )9   
doors2 nor are !y cov]$ ) hoods1 b 9    
case x ra9s or sn[s4 ,_! *ief ornam5t & 
f9]y is to we> glass beads ( div]s      
col\rs1 or corals ab\t ! neck & arms1 & 
p5dants 9 _! e>s4 ,!y also we>          
bracelets1 made ( black sk91 set )      
pe>ls1 ) :i* !y also trim _! clo!s &    
%oes4  ,! ,gre5l& sex h1 besides ?is1   
ano!r sort ( embelli%m5t1 viz4 !y make  
long black /rokes betwe5 ! eyes on !    
=ehead1 ^u ! *91 arms1 & h&s1 & ev5 ^u !
 ?ighs & legs3 ^! !y make ) a ne$le &   
?read made black4 ,& ?\gh ?is to o!rs   
seems a wrong way ( embelli%+1 yet !y   
?9k x v h&some & ornam5tal4 ,& !y say t 
^? :o d n ?us de=m _! faces1 _! heads   
%all be turn$ into tra9 tubs1 :i* are   
plac$ "u ! lamps 9 ,heav51 or ! l& (    
s\ls4  ,!y keep _! clo!s pretty clean1  
?\gh 9 o!r ?+s1 especially 9 _!         
victuals1 !y are n s nice1 *iefly !     
wom51 :o h got *ildr51 are v dirty &    
slov5ly1 well kn[+1 t !y _c be          
repudiat$1 or s5t a pack+4 ,b ^? wret*es

 t are b>r51 or ^: *ildr5 are dead1 & d 
n "k ! mom5t !y may be s5t away1 are    
oblig$ to take m c>e ( _! cleanness &   
prop]ty1 t !y may please _! husb&s4     
,,*ap4 ,,xii4  ,( _! ,diet1 & mann] (   
dress+ _! ,victuals4   ,! ,gre5l&]s'    
provision & victuals are fle% & fi% meat
 7= ! c\ntry af=ds no o!r k9d (         
provision7 z re9 de]1 :ales1 seals1     
h>es1 & rypes1 or :ite p>tridges1 & all 
sorts ( sea f[ls4 ,!y eat _! fle% meat  
sometimes raw1 sometimes boil$1 or dri$ 
9 ! sun or w9d2 b _! fi% meat is always 
?or\ghly done1 or !y eat x dri$ 9 ! sun 
or air1 z salmon1 roe-fi%1 halibut1 or !
 small /9ts1 :i*1 9 ! mon?s ( ,may &    
,june1 !y cat* 9 great abundance1 & keep
 !m cur$ & dri$ = w9t] provisions4 ,&   
:]eas1 9 ! w9t] season1 x is v r>e to   
get seals1 except 9 ! mo/ ,nor!rn p>ts  
:]e !y take !m ^u ! ice2 s !y make all !
 provision ( !m !y c get 9 ! fall1 &    
bury !m "u ! sn[1 until ! w9t] comes on1
 :5 !y dig !m up1 & eat !m raw & froz5 z
 !y are4 ,_! dr9k is no?+ b wat]1 & n1 z

 "s writ]s h wrongly pret5d$1 tra9 oil2 
= !y d n s mu* z eat ! fat1 b only 9    
sauces to _! dri$ fi%4  ,fur!rmore1 !y  
put great lumps ( ice & sn[ into ! wat] 
!y dr9k1 to make x ! cool] to qu5* _!   
?ir/4 ,!y are1 tak+ !m 9 g5]al1 v hoggi%
 & dirty 9 _! eat+ & dress+ ( _!        
victuals2 !y nev] wa%1 cleanse1 or sc\r 
! kettles1 pots1 or di%es1 9 :i* !y     
dress1 & out ( :i* !y eat _! victuals2  
:i* :5 dress$1 !y (t5 lay d[n ^u ! dirty
 gr\nd1 :i* !y walk ^u1 in/ead ( tables4
 ,!y w1 ) s great an appetite &         
gre$9ess1 fe$ ^u ! rott5 & /9k+ seal    
fle%1 t x turns ! /oma* ( any hungry man
 :o looks ^u !m4 ,!y h no set "t = _!   
meals1 e man eats :5 he is hungry1      
except :5 !y g to sea1 & !n _! *ief     
repa/ is a supp]1 aft] !y are come home 
9 ! ev5+2 & he1 ^: supp] is fir/ ready1 
calls 8 neighb\rs to come & p>take ( x1 
z he does aga9 ) !m reciprocally2 & s x 
goes r\nd f "o to ano!r4  ,! wom5 d n   
eat 9 company ) ! m51 b sep>ately by    
!mselves2 & 9 ! abs5ce ( _! husb&s1 :5  

gone a fi%+1 !y be+ left to !mselves1   
invite "o ano!r1 & make gr& *e]4 ,& z !y
 eat he>tily1 :5 !y c come at x1 s !y c 
z well endure hung]1 :5 sc>city (       
provision requires x4 ,x has be5 obs]v$1
 t 9 great sc>city1 !y c live ^u pieces 
( old sk9s1 ^u reets1 or sea we$s1 & o!r
 su* tra%4 ,b ! reason :y !y c endure   
hung] bett] ?an we =eign]s1 ,i take to  
be1 _! bodies be+ s squat & corpul5t1 _!
 fat yield+ !m matt] ( n\ri%m5t )9      
!mselves1 = a :ile1 till x be consum$4  
,besides ! =e-m5tion$ provisions1 !y    
also eat a sort ( r$di% sea we$1 & a k9d
 ( root1 :i* !y call tugloronet1 bo?    
dress$ ) fat or tra9 oil2 ! dung ( ! re9
 de]1 tak5 out ( ! guts1 :5 !y cleanse  
!m2 ! entrails ( p>tridges1 & ! l       
out-ca/1 pass = da9ties ) !m4 ,!y make  
likewise pancakes ( :at !y scrape (f !  
inside ( seal sk9s1 :5 !y dress !m4 ,9 !
 summ] !y boil _! meat ) wood1 :i* !y   
ga!r 9 ! field1 & 9 w9t] "t ov] _! lamps
 9 little kettles ( an oval figure1 made
 ( brass1 copp]1 or m>ble1 :i* !y make  

!mselves4  ,to k9dle ! fire1 :5         
ext+ui%$1 !y make use ( ?is exp$i5t1 :i*
 %[s _! +5uity3 !y take a %ort block (  
dry fir tree1 ^u :i* !y rub ano!r piece 
( h>d wood1 till1 by ! cont9u$ motion1 !
 fir cat*es fire4 ,:5 we fir/ came among
 !m1 !y did n l to ta/e any ( our       
victuals1 b n[ !y are glad to get "s (  
x1 especially bread & butt]1 :i* !y l   
mightily1 b !y d n mu* c>e = our        
liquors2 yet not)/&+1 "s ( !m1 :o h liv$
 "s "t among u1 h le>nt to dr9k w9e &   
br&y1 & nev] refuse x1 :5 x is (f]$ !m4 
,b z = tobacco1 !y d n at all l x1 nor c
 !y be> ! smell or smoke ( x4     ,,*ap4
 ,,xiii4  ,( _! ,m>riages1 & ,education 
( _! ,*ildr54   ,! mo/ dete/able crime (
 polygamy1 :i* reigns s mu* among !     
,hea!ns1 ! ,gre5l&]s are n s mu* addict$
 to2 = commonly !y are cont5t$ ) "o     
wife4 ,!re are "s1 b v few1 t keep two1 
?ree1 or f\r wives3 b ^! pass = h]oes or
 m ?an ord9>y m51 9 t1 by _! indu/ry1 !y
 are able to subsi/ s _m wives & *ildr54
 ,& :at is rem>kable1 be=e our arrival1 

!re 0 nev] he>d ( su* a ?+ z jeal\sy    
among ^? wives1 b !y agre$ v well       
toge!r1 ?\gh ! fir/ wife 0 reckon$ !    
mi/ress4 ,s9ce our arrival1 z we h in=m$
 !m ( ! ^w & w ( ,god1 import+1 t 9 !   
beg9n+ ! ,all-wise ,creator made "o man 
& "o woman1 to live 9 matrimony z husb& 
& wife1 !re has be5 "s res5tm5t 9 !     
wives1 :5 _! husb&s h _h a m9d to take  
any o!r besides !m2 !y h address$       
!mselves to me1 & desir$ me to put a /op
 to su* a proce$+4 ,also :5 ,i h        
in/ruct$ !m 9 _! cate*ism & ! ,*ri/ian  
doctr9e1 !y h always put me 9 m9d1 n to 
=get fully to in/ruct _! husb&s 9 !     
duties ( ! sev5? comm&m5t4  ,"s "t pass$
 be=e we c\ld le>n h[ ! m5 behav$       
!mselves ) reg>d to o!r m5's wives1 or !
 wom5 vice v]sa1 till at la/ we p]ceiv$ 
!m n to be ov] scrupul\s 9 ?is matt]1 ( 
:i* we 7 m fully conv9c$1 by he>+ ( a   
c]ta9 illegal game us$ among !m2 :i* is 
?is4 ,a numb] ( m>ri$ m5 & wom5 meet    
toge!r at an assembly2 :]e1 aft] !y h   
tak5 _! fill ( fea/+ & revell+1 !y beg9 

s++ & danc+1 accord+ to _! own way2 & 9 
! mean :ile "o aft] ano!r take a trip ) 
ea* o!r's wife1 beh9d a curta9 or hang+s
 made ( sk9s at "o end ( ! h\se1 :]e _! 
b$s are plac$1 & !re div]t !mselves4 ,^?
 are reput$ ! be/ & noble/ temp]$1 :o1  
)\t any pa9 or reluctancy1 w l5d _!     
fri5ds _! wives4  ,b1 z ,i obs]v$ above1
 none b m>ri$ p frequ5t ^! sort ( games1
 :i*1 !y imag9e1 is n unbecom+4         
,especially ! wom5 ?9k !mselves happy1  
if an angekkok1 or prophet1 w hon\r !m )
 8 c>esses3 !re are ev5 "s m5 s g5]\s1 t
 !y w pay ! angekkok = x2 *iefly if !y  
!mselves h no *ildr52 = !y fancy t an   
angekkok's *ild w be m happy & bett]    
qualifi$ = bus9ess ?an o!rs4  ,maid5s1  
on ! contr>y1 & unm>ri$ wom51 obs]ve mu*
 bett] ! rules ( mode/y & cont95cy2 = ,i
 nev] saw any ( !m ent]ta9 any loose or 
slipp]y conv]sation ) "y m52 or %[ !    
lea/ incl9ation to x ei!r 9 words or    
de$s4 ,dur+ fifte5 full ye>s t ,i liv$ 9
 ,gre5l&1 ,i did n he> ( m ?an two or   
?ree "y unm>ri$ wom51 :o _h be5 guilty (

 incont95ce2 because x is reckon$ !     
greate/ ( infamies4 ,x is rem>kable1 t  
natural dec5cy is obs]v$ by !m2 = !y    
refra9 f m>ry+ _! next relations1 ev5 9 
! ?ird degree1 tak+ su* mat*es to be    
unw>rantable & q unnatural4 ,x is       
likewise reckon$ unc\? & blameable1 if a
 lad & a girl1 t h s]v$ & be5 educat$ 9 
"o family1 %\ld desire to be m>ri$      
toge!r2 = !y look ^u !m z bro!r & si/]4 
,! c]emonies !y use 9 _! m>riages &     
w$d+s are z foll[3--,:5 a "y man likes a
 maid51 he commonly proposes x to _!    
p>5ts & relations on bo? sides2 & aft]  
he has obta9$ _! cons5t1 he gets two or 
m old wom5 to fet* ! bride 7& if he is a
 /\t fell[1 he w fet* h] himself74 ,!y g
 to ! place :]e ! "y woman is1 & c>ry h]
 away by =ce2 = ?\gh %e ev] s mu*       
approves ( ! mat*1 yet out ( mode/y %e  
mu/ make z if x w5t aga9/ ! gra91 & z if
 %e 0 mu* ruffl$ at x2 else %e w be     
blam$ & get an ill "n1 z if %e _h be5 a 
love-sick w5*4 ,aft] %e is br\ght to !  
h\se ( ! bridegroom1 %e keeps = "s "t at

 a di/ance1 & sits retir$ 9 "s corn]1 ^u
 ! b5*1 ) h] hair di%evell$1 & cov]+ h] 
face1 be+ ba%ful & a%am$4 ,9 ! mean :ile
 ! bridegroom uses all ! rhetorick he is
 ma/] (1 & sp>es no c>esses to br+ h] to
 a compliance ) 8 ard5t wi%es2 & ! good 
girl be+ at l5g? p]suad$ & prevail$ )1  
yields k9dly to 8 ravi%+ embraces2 & !n 
!y lie d[n toge!r1 & s ! w$d+ is ov]4 ,b
 sometimes !y take a %ort] way to g to  
"w1 :i* is to gratify _! incl9ations )\t
 ! advice or cons5t ( ! p>5ts#cd4       
,nev]!less _! matrimony is n ( s        
indissoluble a nature b t ! husb&s (t5  
repudiate & put away _! wives1 if ei!r  
!y d n suit _! hum\rs1 or else1 if !y   
are b>r5 & d n br+ =? *ildr5 7:i* !y    
hold to be v ignom9i\s71 & m>ry o!rs4 ,b
 if !y h *ildr5 by !m1 !y be> a great   
deal ) !m1 & keep !m = life4 ,x is n r>e
 to see t a man beats 8 wife1 & gives h]
 black eyes1 = h] ob/9acy & /ubbornness 
sake2 h[ev] !y are soon reconcil$ & good
 fri5ds aga91 )\t be>+ any grudge4 ,=1  
accord+ to !m1 x signifies no?+1 t a man

 beats 8 wife2 b !y d n l t a ma/] %\ld 
drub a s]vant maid4 ,likewise !y ?9k x  
he9\s t a "m *a/ises h] *ildr52 & if %e 
falls f\l ( h] maid1 x is ) !m          
unp>donable2 & su* a woman gets an ill  
"n4  ,if "o ( ! p>ty dies1 ! relict1    
:e!r husb& or wife1 is at lib]ty to m>ry
 aga94  ,! wom5 are ( a v h>dy & /rong  
nature1 :i* !y *iefly %[ 9 _! *ild-be>+2
 = z soon z x is ov]1 !y w g to "w & d  
_! ord9>y bus9ess z usual4 ,b sometimes 
!y pay v de> = ?is brav]y1 x co/+ !m _! 
lives4 ,! day aft] _! deliv]y !y g      
abroad to "w1 be+ girt ) a wai/ belt two
 or ?ree in*es broad1 :i* !y also wore  
be=e _! deliv]y4 ,z soon z ! *ild is    
born1 ! "m dips h] f+] into wat]1 & rubs
 ! *ild's lips ) x2 or %e puts a little 
bit ( sn[ into its m\?1 say+1           
8,imekautit10 :i* signifies1 ,?\ ha/    
drunk a good deal2 & :5 %e eats1 %e     
takes a bit ( fi%1 & holds x to ! *ild's
 m\?1 & %akes h] h&1 ) ?is ^w1          
8,aip>potit10 t is to say1 ,?\ ha/ eat &
 kept me company4 ,!y cut ! navel-/r+1 n

 ) a knife1 b ) a muscle %ell1 or !y    
bite x (f ) _! tee?2 & :5 ! /r+ is dry  
!y use x z an amulet4  ,!y hold a *amb] 
pot ov] ! head ( ! woman 9 lab\r1 imag9+
 t x helps to ha/5 h] deliv]y4 ,! *ild  
be+ a ye> old1 ! "m slabb]s & licks x   
all ov]1 f head to foot1 t x may gr[    
hale & /rong4 ,!y seldom be> tw9s1 b    
mon/]s are (t5 br\ght =?4 ,9 ! ye> #agcg
 a woman1 9 ! ,bay ( ,disco1 0 deliv]$ (
 a hide\s mon/]2 ! eyes 7 plac$ on !    
side ( ! nose3 x _h a po9t$ sn\t & no   
e>s4 ,in/ead ( h&s & feet x _h paws1 & v
 ?ick ?ighs4 ,its front 0 cov]$ ) hair l
 ^? ( a re9 de]1 & ! sides 7 cov]$ )    
some?+ l a :ite sk9 ( a fi%4 ,9 ! same  
place ano!r mon/r\s bir? 0 se5 9 ! ye>  
#agci1 )\t a head1 f\r-foot$1 ) long    
nails1 l claws2 x _h a m\? ^u ! brea/1 &
 claws ^u ! back4  ,!y h a v t5d] love =
 _! *ildr51 & ! "m always c>ries h]     
infant *ild ab\t ) h] ^u h] back1 wrapp$
 up 9 h] coat :]ev] %e goes1 or :atev]  
bus9ess %e has 9 h&1 = !y h no o!r      
cradles = !m4 ,!y suckle !m till !y are 

?ree or f\r ye>s old or m2 because 9 _! 
t5d] infancy !y _c dige/ ! /rong        
victuals t ! re/ mu/ live ^u4  ,!       
education ( _! *ildr5 is :at !y seem    
little conc]n$ ab\t2 = !y nev] make use 
( :ipp+ or h>d words to correct !m1 :5  
!y d any ?+ amiss1 b leave !m to _! own 
discretion4 ,not)/&+ :i*1 :5 !y are     
gr[n1 !y nev] seem incl9$ to vice or    
rogu]y1 :i* is to be admir$4 ,x is true1
 !y %[ no great respect to _! p>5ts 9 _!
 outw>d =ms1 b always are v will+ to d  
:at !y ord] !m2 ?\gh sometimes !y w bid 
_! p>5ts d x !mselves4 ,!y are "u ! c>e 
( _! p>5ts1 boys z well z girls1 till !y
 are m>ri$2 aft]w>ds !y %ift = !mselves1
 yet s1 t !y cont9ue to dwell 9 ! same  
h\se1 or "u ! same ro( ) _! fa!rs1      
toge!r ) o!r k9dr$ & relations2 & :at !y
 get1 !y all enjoy 9 common4     ,,*ap4 
,,xiv4  ,h[ ! ,gre5l&]s m\rn & bury _!  
dead ,fri5ds4   ,:5 any p]son dies1 !y  
take :at belongs to him1 z              
h\se-furniture1 ut5sils1 & clo?+1 & ?r[ 
x all out into ! field1 t by t\*+ ( !m  

!y may n become unclean1 or any mis=tune
 befal !m on t acc\nt3 & all t live 9 ! 
same h\se are oblig$ to c>ry out any ?+ 
( _! goods t is new & has n be5 us$2 b 9
 ! ev5+ !y br+ !m all back aga91 = !n !y
 say ! /5* ( ! dead body is q dissipat$4
 ,!n !y beg9 to lam5t & m\rn = _! dead  
fri5d1 ) te>s & gha/ly h[l+s1 :i* !y    
cont9ue = an h\r1 & !n ! ne>e/ relations
 take ! body & c>ry x to ! grave1 made  
up ( /ones ?r[n toge!r 9 a heap1 "u :i* 
!y bury him dress$ 9 8 be/ clo!s1 & well
 wrapt up 9 sk9s ( re9 de] or seals1 ) 8
 legs b5t "u 8 back4 ,ne> ! bury+ place 
!y lay 8 ut5sils1 viz4 8 boat1 b[s1     
arr[s1 & ! l2 & if x be a woman1 h]     
ne$les1 ?imbles1 & ! l2 n t !y believe  
!y /& 9 ne$ ( ^? ?+s1 :5 !y are come to 
! l& ( s\ls1 or 9 ! o!r _w1 :i!r !y are 
retir$1 b = ! av]sion !y h = ^? ?+s3 le/
 by refre%+ ! memory ( ! deceas$1 !y    
might r5ew _! grief & sorr[ = 8 loss2 = 
if !y %\ld bewail him & weep too mu*1 !y
 ?9k he w endure ! m cold :]e he is4    
,!y ?9k !mselves unclean if !y t\* any  

?+ belong+ to ! deceas$2 z likewise he t
 has c>ri$ him to ! grave1 & buri$ him1 
is reckon$ unclean = "s "t1 & d>es n d  
c]ta9 ?+s3 nay1 n only ! k9dr$ &        
relations ( ! deceas$1 b likewise e "o t
 has liv$ 9 ! same h\se ) him1 are      
oblig$ to ab/a9 f c]ta9 victuals & "w1 =
 a :ile1 accord+ to ! direction ( !     
angekkuts or div9es4  ,! wom5 nev] wa%  
!mselves dur+ _! m\rn+ "t1 nor appe>    
well dress$1 or ) braid$ & ti$ up hair1 
b di%evell$1 & hang+ ab\t ! face4 ,!y   
mu/ put on _! hood z (t5 z !y g out (   
doors1 :i* is n cu/om>y at o!r times3 b 
!y believe !y o!rwise %\ld soon die4    
,!y bewail _! dead long en\gh3 =1 z (t5 
z any ( _! fri5ds & acqua9tance come f  
o!r places to see !m1 ! fir/ ?+ !y d is 
to sit d[n 9 great sadness1 & weep &    
bemoan ! loss ( _! deceas$ fri5d3 aft]  
:i* !y are com=t$ ) good *e]4 ,b if !   
deceas$ has left no fri5d or relation   
beh9d him1 he may lie long en\gh :]e he 
di$1 :e!r at home or abroad be=e any    
body comes & buries him4 ,if a p]son    

dies 9 ! h\se1 8 body mu/ n be c>ri$    
?r\gh ! ord9>y entry ( x1 b convey$ out 
at ! w9d[2 & if he dies 9 a t5t1 he is  
br\ght out at ! back "p ( x4 ,at !      
fun]al a woman lights a /ick 9 ! fire1  
br&i%+ ! same & say+ pikl]rukpok1 t is1 
,"h is no m to be got4  ,:5 little      
*ildr5 die & are buri$1 !y put ! head ( 
a dog ne> ! grave1 fancy+1 t *ildr5 hav+
 no und]/&+1 !y _c by !mselves f9d !    
way1 b ! dog mu/ guide !m to ! l& ( !   
s\ls4     ,,*ap4 ,,xv4  ,illu/ration    
,_! ,pa/imes & ,div]sions1 z also _!    
,poetry4   ,! ,gre5l&]s h sev]al k9ds ( 
sports & recreations1 ) :i* !y pass _!  
"t1 :5 !y h no?+ else to d1 or :5 !y    
visit "o ano!r3 ( :i* ^! are ! mo/      
rem>kable4 ,:5 !y meet toge!r =         
div]sion's sake1 ! fir/ /ep made is     
always banquet+ & revell+1 :]e !y /uff  
!mselves ) all ! da9ty bits & ! be/ *e] 
! c\ntry af=ds2 z re9 de] & seal fle%   
dri$ or boil$2 & ! tail ( a :ale1 :i* !y
 reckon among ! greate/ delicacies4 ,(  
^! ?+s !y eat v gre$ily2 = x is a great 

hon\r done to ! l&lord :o treats1 t 8   
gue/s1 :5 come home1 compla9 t _! belly 
0 too small1 & t x 0 ready to bur/4     
,aft] ! repa/1 !y get up to div]t       
!mselves 9 ?is mann]3 "o ( ! company    
takes a drum1 :i* is made ( a broad     
wood5 hoop1 or ( ! rib ( a :ale1 cov]$ )
 a ?9 sk91 ) a h&le to x2 :i* drum he   
beats ) a /ick1 s++ at ! same "t songs1 
ei!r conc]n+ ! common affairs 9 g5]al1  
or 8 own private ones 9 p>ticul>4 ,9    
:i*1 at ! end ( ea* v]se1 ! :ole *orus (
 m5 & wom5 jo9 ) him4  ,he t c play !   
mo/ odd & comical ge/ures1 & play ! mo/ 
ridicul\s tricks ) 8 face1 head1 & limb1
 turn+ !m awry1 passes = ! mo/ +5i\s    
fell[2 z he by 8 awkw>d & out ( ! way   
po/ures c make o!rs laugh4  ,!y %[ _!   
wit *iefly 9 satirical songs1 :i* !y    
compose aga9/ "o ano!r2 & he1 t ov]comes
 8 fell[ 9 ?is way ( debate1 is admir$ &
 applaud$ by ! re/ ( ! assembly4 ,if any
 body conceives a jeal\sy1 or be>s a    
grudge to ano!r ^u any acc\nt1 he s5ds  
to him1 & *all5ges him to a duel 9 su*  

or su* assembly2 :]e he w fight x out ) 
him 9 taunt+ ditties4 ,:]eupon ! defi$1 
9 def5ce ( 8 hon\r1 prep>es 8 weapons1 &
 does n fail to appe> at ! "t & place   
appo9t$1 if 8 c\rage d n =sake him4 ,:5 
! assembly is met1 & ! combatants       
arriv$1 e body be+ sil5t & att5tive to  
he> :at end ! combat w take1 ! *all5g]  
fir/ ent]s ! li/s1 & beg9s to s+1       
accompany+ x ) ! beat ( 8 drum4 ,!      
*all5g$ rises also1 & 9 sil5ce li/5s1   
until 8 *ampion or adv]s>y has done s++4
 ,!n he likewise ent]s ! li/s1 arm$ ) ! 
same weapons1 & lays ab\t 8 p>ty ! be/  
he c4 ,& ?us !y alt]nately s+ z long z  
_! /ock ( ditties la/s4 ,he t fir/ gives
 ov]1 is reckon$ ov]come & conqu]$4 ,9  
?is sort ( taunt+ ditties !y reproa* &  
upbraid "o ano!r ) _! fail+s4 ,& ?is is 
_! common way ( tak+ v5geance4  ,!re is 
n to be expect$ great +5uity or sallies 
& po9ts ( wit 9 _! poesies1 yet !re is  
"s cad5ce & numb] 9 _! v]ses1 & "s k9d (
 rhyme 9 !m4 ,= an in/ance ( :i* ,i jo9 
h]eto a ,gre5l& song1 or ode1 compos$ by

 "o ( ! natives1 :o =m]ly liv$ 9 our    
colony1 by "n ,fr$]ick ,*ri/ian1 ^u !   
bir? day ( 8 !n royal highness1 ,pr9ce  
,*ri/ian1 on ! #cj? ( ,novemb]1 #agbi1  
:i* is z foll[s4   ,a  ,,gre5l& ,,song1 
,,compos$  ,,by ,,fr$]ick ,,*ri/ian1  ,a
 ,native4   ,amna aja aja1 aja aja1 c4  
,entry4      ,"o morn+ z ,i w5t out1 &  
saw1     ,t flags & col\rs 7 fly+1      
,& t !y made ready     ,to fire ! guns2 
,!n ,i dem&$1     ,:y d y fire8     ,&  
!y answ]$ me1 because ! ,k+'s ,son's    
,bir? day 0 celebrat$1     ,:o is to be 
k+ aft] 8 fa!r1      ,annigamma         
irsigeik1 amna aja aja1 c4              
,arvallirsullitl>meta3 amna aja1 c4     
,opellung>sull>meta1 amna aja1 c4       
,erkaiseigamig og1 amna aja aja1 c4     
,tava ork>bigeik1 amna aja aja1 c4      
,saag erkaisovise8 ,amna aja1 c4        
,tava akkyanga1 assuog ,nell]mago1      
,oku9e anniv9e nell]mago1 amna aja1 c4  
,angune tokkopet kong+oromagame1 amna   
aja1 c4      ,& succe$ 9 ! k+dom4       
,!reupon ,i said to my fri5d1     ,let u

 make a song     ,to ! ,k+'s ,son2      
,= he %all be made k+4     ,?is my      
little song %all praise him3     ',tis  
said1 he is a brave pr9ce1     ,let u   
!re=e rejoice2     ,= he %all be our k+1
     ,aft] 8 ,fa!r's dea?1     ,we      
rejoice also1 because     ,he loves u z 
8 ,fa!r does2     ,:o s5t ov] cl]gym5 to
 u1     ,to tea* u ! ^w ( ,god2     ,le/
 we %\ld g to ! ,devil4     ,be ?\ l    
him1 s %all we love !e1      ,k+oreis   
semmane2 amna aja1 c4     ,tava         
ikk+untiga2 amna aja aja1 c4            
,pitsimik s5negiluk2 amna aja1 c4       
,kongib imna niamganut1 amna aja1 c4    
,kong+oromamet2 amna aja aja1 c4        
,pis+vo>a una2 amna aja aja1 c4         
,o/antigirf>t sillak>tok unn]tlugo1 amna
 aja1 c4     ,tipeitsutigeik3 amna aja  
aja1 aja aja4     ,kong+oromamet2 amna  
aja aja1 aja1 c4     ,angune-oy         
tokkoppet3 amna aja aja1 c4             
,tipeitsokigogut3 amna aja aja1 aja1 c4 
,attatatut asseigallopatit3 amna aja1 c4
     ,pellesille tamaunga innekaukit3   

amna aja1 c4     ,gudimik               
ajok>sokullugit3 amna aja1 c4           
,torng>sungmut makko inneille           
pekonnagit3 amna aja1 c4     ,iblile    
tameitit neglitsomapaukit1      ,& *]i% 
!e1     ,& be ?y s]vants4     ,our      
ance/ors h also be5 ?y s]vants1     ,ev5
 !y4     ,t ?\ ha/ ?\ght on u1     ,?is 
we "k v well1 ,o graci\s ,son ( ! ,k+4  
,we hope ?\ wilt cont9ue s to d1     ,! 
,k+ ?y fa!r has be=e possess$ u1     ,:5
 ?\ %alt be our ,k+ ?\'lt prove good    
en\gh4     ,:atev] we possess     ,%all 
be ?9e altoge!r4     ,:5 ,gre5l& %all h 
receiv$ in/ruction1     ,!n %all !y love
 ,god & hon\r ! ,k+4     ,let u be m]ry1
     ,& ( ! ,k+'s ,son     ,dr9k !      
heal?4 ,& say1 ,long live ,*ri/ian6     
,asseigom>paukit3 amna aja aja1 c4      
,kivgakom>pautigut3 amna aja aja1 c4    
,siurlit k>alit kivg>imiaukit1          
,juko3 amna aja aja1 aja aja1 c4        
,isumatigautigut3 amna aja aja1 c4      
,nellungikallorapagut1 ,kongib ,ni>nga  
ajungitsotit1     ,teimatoy isum>iotit3 

amna aja aja1 c4     ,kongib ,angutit   
pek>amisigut1     ,iblile ,kong+oruit   
namaksimotit3 amna aja1 c4     ,tomasa  
pirsaugut3 amna aja aja1 c4             
,pi>mapotit makko3 amna aja1 c4         
,k>alit ill]peta3 amna aja1 c4     ,gud 
negligomap>put1 ,kongible nalleklugo3   
amna aja aja1 c4     ,tecpeitsukigisa3  
amna aja aja1 aja1 c4     ,kongiblo     
,ni>nga3 amna aja aja1 c4     ,skaalia  
imm]lugo3 amna aja aja1 c4     ,tave    
ok>pogut1 ,*ri/ian innuvit3 amna aja1 c4
      ,& ?y ,consort4     ,may ?y ye>s  
be _m6     7,?is ,i wi%7 ,fr$]ick       
,*ri/ian1 & my fri5d     ,pet]1 :o 7 !  
fir/ baptiz$ ( ,gre5l&4     ,w\ld to    
,god our c\ntrym5 7 also4               
,nulliello3 amna aja aja1 aja aja1 c4   
,okiutikit arm>lesorsuangorlutik3 amna  
aja1 c4     ,frid]ik ,*ri/ian           
ik+utigalo2 amna1 c4     ,p$]1 k>al9it  
kockk>toguk3 amna1 c4     ,kannoktok6   
,ekk>livut tamakilit makko3 amna aja1 c4
     ,amna1 aja aja1 aja aja1 aja aja1  
hei6  ,!y h1 besides ?is1 ano!r sort (  

div]sion1 accompani$ ) s++1 :i* consi/s 
9 swopp+ or b>t]+4 ,he t p]=ms ! (fice (
 drumm] & s+]1 exposes "o ?+ or o!r to  
sale1 at any rate he ?9ks fit2 if any ( 
! company has a lik+ to x1 he %[s 8     
cons5t by giv+ ! sell] a slap on 8      
bree*1 & ! b>ga9 is done1 & _c be       
retriev$1 :e!r good or bad4 ,! boys &   
lads h also _! pa/imes & plays1 :5 !y   
meet 9 ! ev5+4 ,!y take a small piece ( 
wood1 ) a hole 9 x at "o end1 to t !y   
tie a little po9t$ /ick ) a ?read or    
/r+1 & ?r[+ ! piece ) ! hole 9 x up into
 ! air1 !y /rive to cat* x ^u ! po9t$   
/ick1 ?r\gh ! hole4 ,he t does x tw5ty  
times successively1 & )\t fail+1 ga9s ! 
mat*1 or p>ty1 & he t misses gets a     
black /roke on 8 =ehead = e "t he       
misses4 ,ano!r boy's play is a game (   
*ance1 l c>ds or dice2 !y h a piece (   
wood po9t$ at "o end1 ) a p9 or peg 9 ! 
mid/1 ^u :i* x turns2 :5 ! boys are     
seat$ ar\nd1 & e "o laid d[n :at !y play
 =1 "o ( !m turns ! po9t$ piece ( wood )
 8 f+]1 t x :eels ab\t l a m>9]'s       

compass2 & :5 x has done1 he t ! po9t   
aims at1 w9s all t 0 laid d[n4 ,ball    
play+ is _! mo/ common div]sion1 :i* !y 
play two diff]5t ways4 ,!y divide       
!mselves into two p>ties2 ! fir/ p>ty   
?r[s ! ball to ea* o!r2 :ile ^? ( !     
second p>ty endeav\r to get x f !m1 & s 
by turns4 ,! second mann] is l our play+
 at foot ball4 ,!y m>k out two b>ri]s1  
at ?ree or f\r hundr$ paces di/ance "o f
 ! o!r2 !n be+ divid$ into two p>ties1 z
 be=e1 !y meet at ! />t+ place1 :i* is  
at ! midway betwe5 ! two b>ri]s2 & !    
ball be+ ?r[n ^u ! gr\nd1 !y /rive :o   
fir/ %all1 get at x1 & kick x ) ! foot1 
ea* p>ty t[>ds _! b>ri]4 ,he t is ! mo/ 
nimble foot$ & dextr\s at x1 kick+ !    
ball be=e him1 & gett+ ! fir/ to !      
b>ri]1 has won ! mat*4  ,?us 7!y w tell 
y7 ! deceas$ play at foot ball 9 ,heav51
 ) ! head ( a morse1 :5 x light5s1 or ! 
,nor?-light 7aurora borealis7 appe>s1   
:i* !y fancy to be ! s\ls ( ! deceas$4  
,:5 _! acqua9tance f abroad come to see 
!m1 !y sp5d :ole days & nights 9 s++ &  

danc+2 & z !y love to pass = m5 ( c\rage
 & val\r1 !y w try =ces toge!r1 9       
wre/l+1 /ruggl+1 & play+ hook & crook1  
:i* is to grapple ) ! arms & f+]s made  
crook$1 & intangl$ l hooks4 ,:oev] c    
pull ! o!r f 8 place1 ?9ks himself a man
 ( wor? & val\r4 ,! wom5's or r !       
maid5's plays1 consi/ 9 danc+ ar\nd1    
hold+ "o ano!r by ! h&1 =m+ a circle1 & 
s++ ( songs4     ,,*ap4 ,,xvi4  ,( _!   
,language4   ,?\gh ! ,gre5l& language   
has n aff9ity ) o!r ,european tongues1  
yet x seems to h borr[$ "s words f !    
,norwegians1 :o =m]ly inhabit$ "p ( !   
l&2 = su* words agree bo? 9 "n &        
signification2 z1 = example1 ,kona1 a   
,woman2 ,n]riok1 to eat1 f ! ,norway ^w 
,no]rie4 ,! h]b ,angelica1 :i* !y 9     
,norway call ,quaun1 ! ,gre5l&]s call   
,qvaunnek4 ,a ,porpoise1 9 ,norway call$
 ,nise1 !y call ,nise4 ,a%es1 9 ,norway1
 ,aske1 9 ,gre5l&1 ,arkset4 ,a ,lamp1 9 
! ,norwegian1 ,kolle1 9 ! ,gre5l&ian1   
,kollek4 ,"s ( _! words resemble ,lat9  
words ( ! same signification2 z1 ,gutta1

 a drop2 9 ! ,gre5l& tongue1 ,gutte1 or 
,kutte4 ,ignis1 ,fire1 !y call ,+nek4 ,&
 "s !y h got f ,hebrew roots1 z1 ,appa1 
a ^w ! *ildr5 use to "n _! fa!r1 & "s   
o!rs4  ,! acc5t & pronunciation ( x is  
h>d & difficult1 because !y speak v     
?ick1 & 9 ! ?roat4 ,! same language is  
spoke ?r\gh\t ! :ole c\ntry1 ?\gh !     
acc5t & pronunciation diff]s "h & !re z 
diff]5t dialects2 *iefly t[>ds ! ,s\!rn 
p>ts1 :]e !y h receiv$ & adopt$ _m =eign
 words1 n us$ 9 ! ,nor!rn p>ts4 ,b !    
angekuts1 or div9es1 make use ( a       
p>ticul> spee*1 :5ev] !y conjure2 = !n  
!y use metaphorical locutions & words 9 
a contr>y s5se4 ,! wom5-k9d also h a    
p>ticul> pronunciation peculi> to       
!mselves1 & diff]5t f t ( ! m51 mak+ use
 ( ! s(te/ lett]s at ! end ( words1     
in/ead ( h>d ones2 = example1 ,am = ,ap1
 t is1 ,yes4 ,sav+1 = ,savik1 a ,knife4 
,_! language1 9 common1 wants ! lett]s1 
c1 d1 f1 q1 x4 ,!y h besides _m d\ble & 
unkn[n consonants1 :i* is ! cause1 t _m 
( _! words _c be spelt accord+ to _!    

mann] ( pron\nc+ !m4 ,= ! re/1 _!       
expressions are v natural & easy1 & _!  
con/ructions s neat & regul>1 t "o w\ld 
h>dly expect s mu* f a nation s unpolite
 & illit]ate4 ,! language is v ri* (    
words & s5se1 & ( su* en]gy1 t "o is (t5
 at a loss & puzzl$ to r5d] x 9 ,dani%2 
b !n aga9 x wants words to express su*  
?+s z are =eign1 & n 9 use among !m4 ,!y
 h monosyllables & polysyllables1 b mo/ 
( ! la/4 ,_! words1 z well n\ns z v]bs1 
are inflect$ at ! end1 by v>y+ !        
t]m9ations1 )\t ! help ( ! articles or  
p>ticles1 l ! ,greek & ,lat94 ,!        
adjectives always foll[ _! sub/antives2 
b ! possessive pron\ns are jo9$ to !    
n\ns1 z ! ,hebrew suffixa#ce3 nor h !   
n\ns alone _! suffixa1 b ! v]bs also4   
,to satisfy ! read]'s curiosity1 ,i h   
h]eto jo9$ a li/ ( "s ( ! words & a     
sket*1 %[+ ! con/ruction & inflections (
 ?is language4   ,,vocabul>y ,,( ,,!    
,,language ,,( ,,gre5l&4  ,s+ul>4       
,dual4       ,plural4  ,innuk1 ,mank9d1 
,innuk1      ,innuit4 ,angut1 a ,man1   

,angutik1    ,angutit4 ,arnak1 a ,woman1
      ,arnek1      ,arnet4 ,niakok1 !   
,head1    ,niakuk1     ,niakut4 ,irse1  
an ,eye1        ,irsik1      ,irsit4    
,k+ak1 ! ,nose1    ,k+ek1     ,k+et4    
,k9ak1 ! ,face1     ,k9ek1      ,k9et4  
,kannek1 ,m\?1       ,kannek1           
,kangit4 ,okak1 ,tongue1        ,okek1  
,oket4 ,kiut1 a ,too?1        ,kiutik1  
,kiutit4 ,k>tlo1 a ,lip1        ,k>tluk1
     ,k>tluit4 ,suit1 an ,e>1           
,siutik1     ,siutit4 ,nyak1 ,head (    
,hair1    ,nytkiek1    ,nytkiet4 ,skik1 
! ,brea/1     ,skkirsek1  ,skkirset4    
,iviange1 ,bubby1        ,iviangik1     
,iviangit4 ,tue1 ,%\ld]1         ,tubik1
      ,tubit4 ,tellek1 ,arm1            
,tellik1     ,tellit4 ,ikusik1 ,elb[1   
,ikivtik1    ,ikivtit4 ,arkseit1 ,h& 7t 
is ! ,f+]s71 is plural only4 ,tikek1    
,f+]1         ,tikik1      ,tirk]it4    
,kukik1 ,nail1           ,kukik1        
,kuket4 ,nak1 ,belly1            ,n]sek1
     ,n]set4 ,innelo1 ,b[el1            
,inneluk1    ,inneluit4 ,okpet1 ! ,?igh1

      ,okpetik1    ,okpetit4 ,sibbiak1 !
 ,hip1      ,sibbirsek1  ,sibbirset4    
,s]kok1 ,knee1          ,s]kuk1         
,s]kuit4 ,kannak1 ,%ank1                
,kannek1     ,kann]set4 ,isiket1 ,foot1 
is only ( ! plural numb]4 ,kimik1 ,heel1
           ,kimik1      ,kimikt4  ,!    
con/ruction ) ,possessive ,pron\ns is   
?us4  ,iglo1 a ,h\se1            ,igluk1
      ,iglut4 ,my ,h\se1     ,igluga1   
,igluka1     ,igluka4 ,?y ,h\se1        
,iglut1      ,iglukit1    ,iglutit4 ,8  
,h\se1         ,igloa1      ,igluk1     
,igloi4 ,8 own ,h\se1     ,iglune1      
,iglugne1   ,iglune4 ,our ,h\se1        
,igl\t1     ,iglogat1   ,iglovut4 ,y\r  
,h\se1        ,iglurse1   ,iglursik1    
,igluse4 ,_! ,h\se1       ,iglot1       
,iglok1    ,igleit4 ,_! own ,h\se1      
,iglurtik1   ,iglutik1   ,iglutik4  ,?is
 same ,n\n's con/ruction ) ! suffixas at
 ,prepositions1 mik & nik1 mit & nit1   
:i* signifies f2 mut & nut1 to2 me & ne1
 on or ^u1 is ?us p]=m$4  ,s+ul>4       
,dual4  ,plural4 ,to ! ,h\se1           

,iglomut1       ,iglugnut1              
,iglunut4 ,to my ,h\se1                 
,iglumnut1      idem1          idem4 ,to
 ?y ,h\se1         ,iglungnut1     idem1
          idem4 ,to 8 ,h\se1            
,igloanut1      ,iglo5nut1              
,igloc9ut4 ,to 8 own ,h\se1             
,iglom9ut1     ,iglungm9ut1   ,iglom9ut4
 ,to our ,h\se1         ,iglotivnut1    
,iglutivnut1    idem4 ,to y\r ,h\se1    
,iglusivnut1    idem1          idem4 ,to
 _! ,h\se1       ,iglonut1      idem1   
,igle9ut4 ,to _! own ,h\se1             
,iglom+nut1   idem1          idem4  ,z  
to ! v]bs1 !y are ei!r simple or        
comp\nd$3 !re are five conjugations1 to 
:i* may be add$ a six? ( negative v]bs4 
,!re are ?ree t5ses 9 all1 ! pres5t1    
pret]it1 & future2 & six moods1 viz4    
indicative1 int]rogative1 imp]ative1    
p]missive1 conjunctive1 & inf9itive4  ,!
 examples ( ! simple v]bs are ^!4 ,!    
fir/ conjugation ends 9 kpok1 z         
,ermikpok1 he wa%es himself3 ,aglekpok1 
he writes4  ,! second ends 9 rpok1 z    

,matt>pok1 he undresses himself3        
,aul>pok1 he sets out on a j\rney3      
,ajok>sorpok1 he tea*es4  ,! ?ird       
conjugation ends 9 pokpurum2 t is1 9 pok
 prec$$ by a v[el1 z ,egipok1 he ?r[s   
away2 ,+9ok1 he sits d[n2 ,akpapok1 he  
runs4  ,! f\r? ends 9 ok or vok1 z      
,pyok1 he receives3 ,aglyok1 he gr[s3   
,assavok1 he loves4  ,! fif? conjugation
 ends 9 au1 z ,irsigau1 he ogles2       
,arsigau1 he resembles2 ,angekau1 he is 
tall4  ,! six? conjugation ( negative   
v]bs ends 9 ngilak1 z ,erm+ilak1 he does
 n wa% himself3 ,matt5gilak1 he does n  
undress himself3 ,p+ilak1 he receives n3
 ,eg+ilak1 he ?r[s n away3 ,irsig+ilak1 
he ogles n4  ,inflexion ( a ,v]b ) !    
suffixes ( a p]son ag5t ( ! fir/        
conjugation 9 kpok4  ,indicative4       
,pres5t4  ,s+ul>4   ,dual   ,plural4    
,he wa%es himself1   ,! two wa%         
!mselves1   ,!y wa% !mselves1 ,ermikpok4
            ,ermikpuk4                  
,ermikput4  ,i wa% myself1       ,we two
 wa% ourselves1     ,we wa% u4          

,ermikpunga4          ,ermikpoguk4      
,ermikpogut4  ,?\ wa% ?yself1   ,y two  
wa% y\rselves1   ,y wa% y\rselves4      
,ermikpotit4          ,ermikpotik4      
,ermikpose4  ,! inflexion ) suffixes ( a
 p]son pati5t is =m$ ?is way4  ,?\ wa%e/
 me4   ,ye two wa% me1     ,y wa% me1   
,ermikp>ma1        ,ermikpautiga4       
,ermikpaus+a4  ,he wa%es me1      ,! two
 wa% me1    ,!y wa% me1 ,ermikpanga4    
,ermikpa+a4        ,ermikpanga4  ,i wa% 
him1        ,we two wa% him1    ,we wa% 
him1 ,ermikp>a4         ,ermikp>puk4    
,ermikp>put4  ,he wa%es him1     ,! two 
wa% him1   ,!y wa% him1 ,ermikp4        
,ermikpk4           ,ermikpt4  ,?\ wa%e/
 him1  ,ye two wa% him1   ,y wa% him1   
,ermikpet4          ,ermikp>tik4        
,ermikp>se4  ,i wa% !e1       ,we two   
wa% !e1   ,we wa% !e1 ,ermikpaukit4     
,ermikpautikit4      ,ermikputigit4  ,he
 wa%es !e1       ,! two wa% !e1     ,!y 
wa% !e1 ,ermikpatit4           idem4    
idem4  ,?\ wa%e/ u1      ,ye two wa% u1 
,y wa% u1 ,ermikpautigut4               

----pautigut4          ,ermikpausigut4  
,he wa%es u1         ,! two wa% u1      
,!y wa% u1 ,ermikpatigut4         idem4 
idem4  ,i wa% y1           ,we two wa%  
y1       ,we wa% y1 ,ermikpause1        
idem4                  idem4  ,he wa%es 
y1        ,! two wa% y1      ,!y wa% y1 
,ermikpase4            idem4            
idem4  ,i wa% !m1          ,we two wa%  
!m1      ,we wa% !m1 ,ermikpaka4        
,ermikpauvut4           idem4  ,he wa%es
 !m1       ,! two wa% !m1     ,!y wa%   
!m1 ,ermikpei4             ,ermikpatik4 
,ermikpase4  ,?\ wa%e/ !m1    ,ye two   
wa% !m1      ,ye wa% !m1 ,ermikpatit4   
,ermikpatik4            ,ermikpeit4     
,inflexion ( ! ,negative ,v]b4  ,he     
wa%es n         ,! two wa% n       ,!y  
wa% n himself1              !mselves41  
!mselves41 ,erm+ilak4                   
,erm+ilek4            ,erm+ilat4  ,i d n
 wa%         ,we two wa% n        ,we   
wa% n myself1               ourselves1  
ourselves1 ,erm+ilanga4                 
,erm+ilaguk4          ,erm+ilagut4  ,?\ 

do/ n wa%    ,ye two d n wa%     ,y d n 
wa% ?yself1              y\rselves1     
y\rselves1 ,erm+ilatit4                 
,erm+ilatik4          ,erm+ilase4       
,) ! suffixes ( ! pati5t p]son !        
negative v]bs are      inflect$ l !     
affirmatives2 z1  ,he wa%es me n1       
,ye two wa% me n1    ,!y wa% me n1      
,erm+ilanga4         idem4              
idem4  ,?\ wa%e/ me n1  ,ye two wa% me  
n1    ,y wa% me n1 ,erm+il>ma4          
,erm+ilaut+a4       ,erm+ilaus+a4  ,& 9 
! same mann] y may inflect all v]bs     
:atsoev]4  ,! pret]its & futures h !    
same suffixa z ! pres5t t5se4  ,conc]n+ 
! comp\nd$ v]bs1 x is to be obs]v$1 t1  
:]eas _! auxili>y v]bs are b few1 !y    
make use ( sev]al p>ticles to supply _! 
place1 :i* are annex$ to ! simple v]bs1 
& s make !m comp\nd$ v]bs1 yet ^!       
p>ticles by !mselves are n us$1 nor (   
any signification4 ,& by ?is connection 
or composition ! simple v]bs *ange _!   
conjugation4 ,z = example1  ,fir/1 9 ?is
 expression1 !y us$ to d s & s1 !       

composition is =m$ ?us2 ( ! simple v]b  
,erm9pok1 he wa%es himself1 9 !         
composition is made ,erm+>ace1 he uses  
to wa% himself4 ,kieavok1 he weeps2     
,kieeill>au1 he uses to weep2 ,aul>pok1 
he goes f home2 ,aul>>au1 he uses to g f
 home4  ,second1 :5 ! expression runs   
?us1 he comes to d ?is or t1 x is turn$ 
9 ?is mann]4 ,ermigi>torpok1 he comes to
 wa% himself2 ,aglegi>torpok1 he comes  
to write4 ,& s 9 all o!r compositions4  
,b !re are n only v]bs comp\nd$ ) "o1 b 
sometimes ) two1 ?ree1 or m p>ticles    
jo9$ to ! v]b1 :5 !re is a long] s5t5ce 
to be express$4 ,& = ?is reason1 ! words
 & p>ticles und]go a great _m *anges &  
v>iations1 inasmu* z !y reta9 b c]ta9   
radical lett]s1 ! re/ ei!r be+ ?r[n away
 & q lo/1 or else *ang$ = o!rs4 ,z =    
in/ance1 ,aulis>i>torasu>pok1 he made   
ha/e to g out a fi%+4 ,"h ?ree v]bs are 
jo9$ toge!r 9 "o4 ,aulis>pok1 he fi%es2 
,pe>torpok1 to g ab\t some?+2 &         
,p9nesu>pok1 to make ha/e4 ,aga91       
,aglekk9ni>it1 endeav\r to write bett]4 

,"h we h ano!r ?reefold composition4    
,fir/1 ,aglekpok1 he writes2 !n         
,pekipok1 to m5d1 or d bett]1 & at la/  
,p9ni>pok1 to endeav\r4 ,f :5ce comes ! 
v]b ,aglikk9ni>pok1 he endeav\rs to     
write bett]2 9 ! imp]ative mood1        
,aglekk9ni>it1 z above4   ,! ,cre$1 & ! 
,"l's ,pray]1 translat$ into ! ,gre5l&  
,language4  ,,article ,i4  ,op]punga    
,gud-mun ,attatavnut1 ajuakangitsomut1  
killagmik nunamiglo s5n>somut4          
,,article ,,ii4  ,op]punga ,jesus       
,*ri/usmut1 ,ernetuanut1 ,nallegautimut1
 ,ann]samit helligmit pirsok1           
,nivi>samit ,m>iamit erniursok2 anni>tok
 ,pontius ,pilatus-mit2 ,isektitaursok1 
tokkorsok1 illirsorto1 all]num akk>tok4 
,ullut p+ajuane tokkorsonit makitok2    
,killangmut ,koll>tok2 ,angume ,gub     
tell]piet tungane ipsi>sok2 t]sanga amma
 tikiytsom>yok1 um>sullo tokong>sullo   
auiks>tits>torlugit4   ,,article ,,iii4 
,op]punga ,gub ,ann]sanut1              
op]tok>toniglo nuname3 ,innungliglo     
helligniglo illege9ik1 ,synd]ron]miglo1 

,tim9iglo um>om>tonik1 tokkorsublo      
,k+orna tokkoviungitsok>tomik4 ,am54    
,! ,"l's ,pray]4  ,,nallekam ,,okausia4 
,attavut killangmepotit1 akkit          
usorolirsuk2 ,nallegavet agg]le2        
pekorset ,killangme nunam etog          
tamaikile3 ,tunnisigun ullume           
nekiksautivnik2 piss>auneta aketsorauta1
 pis+ilaguttog akectsortivut2           
,urs5n>tomut pisits>aunata2 ajortom9    
annautigut3 ,nallegauet1 ,pis>lo1       
usorn>torlo pigangaukit isukangi?omun4  
,am54     ,,*ap4 ,,xvii4       ,( !     
,gre5l& ,trade1 & :e!r1 9 promot+ x1 !re
 is any      ,advantage to be expect$4  
,! goods & commodities ,gre5l& af=ds = !
 ent]ta9+ ( comm]ce1 or traffic1 are    
:ale blubb] or fat1 & :ale bones1       
unicorn horns1 re9 de] sk9s & hides1    
seal & fox sk9s4 ,^! w>es !y b>t] aga9/ 
m]*&izes ( our produce1 z coats & %irts 
made ( :ite1 blue1 r$ or /rip$ l95 or   
wooll5 clo?2 z also knives1 h&-saws1    
ne$les1 hooks to angle )1 look+-glasses1
 & o!r su* m]*&ize or h>dw>es3 besides  

:at !y buy ( wood1 z rafts1 poles1 deal 
bo>ds1 *e/s2 & ( brass & copp]1 z       
kettles & ! l1 t9 di%es & plates2 = :i* 
!y pay to ! full price4 ,at ! beg9n+ (  
our late settlem5t 9 ^? p>ts ! trade 0  
mu* brisk] ?an at pres5t1 & mu* m       
pr(itable2 = =eign trad]s flock+ ?i!r 9 
great numb]s h s ov]/ock$ !m ) goods1 & 
und]sold "o ano!r1 to draw ! natives to 
!m f o!rs1 t ! trade is consid]ably     
slack5$ & fall54 ,yet ,i tru/1 t1 if we 
once became ma/]s ( ?is trade1 z x 9    
ju/ice belongs to u1 by ! "r ! ,k+ (    
,d5m>k lawfully claims to ^! c\ntries z 
mu* z any k+dom or prov9ce subject to   
him2 ,i tru/1 t1 ) ?is proviso1 ! trade 
to ,gre5l& w\ld prove z pr(itable z any 
o!r :atsoev]2 :i* has be5 evid5c$ n long
 ago1 :5 by 8 ,maje/y's special ord]    
=eign trade has be5 prohibit$ )9 a c]ta9
 di/ance on ea* side ( ! colonies4 ,= if
 ! lad+ ( "s %ips ) fi% & tra9 f ,f9m>k1
 & o!rs ( fi%1 tra91 salt meat1 & butt] 
f ,icel& & ,f]o1 br+ to ! trad]s        
consid]able pr(it2 :o w\ld "q1 b ! same 

or bett] advantage may be expect$ f !   
import+ quantities ( :ale tra91 :ale    
bones1 re9 de] hides1 fox & seal sk9s1  
:i* are ( m value ?an ! ,icel& or ,f]oe8
 ,&1 if ! produce or commodities (      
,gre5l& 7 =m]ly reckon$ ( t importance1 
t !y 7 deem$ suffici5t to ma9ta9 ! ,k+'s
 table1 :y n also at pres5t8 provid$    
,gre5l& may by settlem5ts & improvem5t  
retrieve its =m] abundance1 :i* is n    
impossible4  ,if ! old l&s1 =m]ly       
inhabit$ & manur$ by ! ,norway colonies1
 7 anew peopl$ ) m5 & cattle2 !y w\ld1  
)\t d\bt1 yield z mu* z ei!r ,icel& or  
,f]oe1 see+ !re is z good pa/ure gr\nd z
 9 ^? isl&s4 ,i %all =be> to m5tion     
salmon & cod fi%+1 z x seems at pres5t  
to be b ( little or no importance1      
especially on ! ,we/ side2 ?\gh ,i am   
cr$ibly in=m$ by ! natives1 t on !      
,s\!rn coa/ !y cat* abundance ( f9e l>ge
 cod4 ,yet ?is may be m ?an suffici5tly 
comp5sat$ by ! :ale fi%]y on ! ,nor? & !
 capture ( seals on ! ,s\?1 :i* if      
rightly und]tak51 & ) vig\r set on foot1

 w br+ z mu*1 nay f> m pr(it ?an !      
salmon & cod cat*+ does 9 o!r places2   
*iefly ! seal capture1 :i* c be und]tak5
 at v small exp5ses1 viz4 at ! coa/ )   
/rong nets1 ) :i* !y may cat* _m ?\s&s 9
 ,gre5l&2 :i*1 if hi!rto n practis$1    
ought to be imput$ to neglig5ce & want (
 a good regulation4 ,9 %ort1 ,gre5l&1 z 
we see1 is v conv5i5t = trad+1 & may be 
v well wor? "o's :ile to take 9 h&4 ,b  
!re is little to be done1 )\t an        
e/abli%$ & =m$ company ( m5 ( sub/ance z
 well z resolution2 be+ altoge!r        
impossible & above ! /r5g? ( any private
 man to ma/] x & g ?r\gh ) x4     ,,*ap4
 ,,xviii4  ,! ,religion1 or r           
,sup]/ition1 ( ! ,gre5l&]s4   ,!        
,gre5l&]s' ignorance ( a ,creator w\ld  
make "o believe !y 7 a!i/s1 or r        
naturali/s4 ,=1 :5 !y h be5 ask$ f :5ce 
!y ?\ght t ,heav5 & ,e>? _h _! orig91 !y
 h answ]$ no?+1 b t x _h always be5 s4  
,b if we consid]1 t !y h "s notion ( !  
immortality ( s\ls#cf1 & t !re is ano!r 
mu* happi] life aft] ?is2 moreov]1 z !y 

are addict$ to diff]5t k9ds (           
sup]/ition1 & t !y hold !re is a        
,spiritual ,be+1 :i* !y call ,torng>suk1
 to :om !y ascribe a sup]natural p[]1   
?\gh n ! creation or ! production (     
creatures 7( ^: orig9 !y tell _m absurd 
& ridicul\s /ories71 all ?is1 ,i say1   
supposes "s sort ( wor%ip2 al?\gh !y d n
 !mselves1 out ( _! bruti% /upidity1    
und]/& or inf] s mu*1 or make use ( !   
light ( nature & ! rema9+ sp>k ( ! image
 ( ,god 9 _! s\ls1 to consid] !         
invisible be+ ( ,god by 8 visible works1
 :i* is ! creation ( ! _w4--,rom4 i4 ,= 
:i* reason1 in/ead ( atta9+ ! k ( ,god &
 true religion1 !y are unhappily fall5  
into _m gross sup]/itions4  ,b not)/&+ t
 all ^! sup]/itions are au?oriz$ by1 &  
gr\nd$ ^u ! notion !y h ( him !y call   
,torng>suk1 :om _! ly+ angekuts or      
prophets hold = _! oracle1 :om !y       
consult on all occasions1 yet !         
commonalty "k little or no?+ ( him1     
except ! "n only3 nay ev5 ! angekuts    
!mselves are divid$ 9 ! :imsical ideas  

!y h =m$ ( 8 be+2 "s say+ he is )\t any 
=m or %ape2 o!rs giv+ him t ( a be>1    
o!rs aga9 pret5d+ he has a l>ge body & b
 "o arm2 & "s make him z little z a f+]4
 ,!re are ^? :o hold he is immortal1 &  
o!rs1 t a puff ( w9d c kill him4 ,!y    
assign him 8 abode 9 ! l[] regions ( !  
,e>?1 :]e !y tell y !re is con/antly f9e
 sun%9y wea!r1 good wat]1 de]1 & f[ls 9 
abundance4 ,!y also say he lives 9 !    
wat]2 :]e=e1 :5 !y come to any wat]1 (  
:i* !y h n drank be=e1 & !re be any old 
man 9 ! company1 !y make him dr9k fir/1 
9 ord] to take away its ,torng>suk1 or !
 malignant quality ( ! wat]1 :i* might  
make !m sick & kill !m4 ,!y hold        
fur!rmore1 t a _s resides 9 ! air1 :i*  
!y "n ,inn]tirrirsok1 t is1 ! ,mod]ator 
or ,re/ra9]1 because x is pursuant to 8 
ord]1 t ! angekuts comm& ! p to re/ra9  
or ab/a9 f c]ta9 ?+s or actions1 t !y   
may n come into h>m's way4 ,accord+ to  
_! !ology1 or my?ology1 !re is yet "o   
_s1 h>b+] ( ! air1 :om !y /ile          
,erlo]sortok1 :i* signifies a ,gutt]1   

because he guts ! deceas$1 & fe$s ^u _! 
inte/9es4 ,8 c\nt5ance1 !y say1 is v    
gha/ly & hagg>d1 holl[ eyes & *eeks1 l a
 body t is />v$4  ,ea* elem5t has its   
gov]nor or presid5t1 :i* !y call        
,innu#cg2 f :5ce ! angekuts receive _!  
torngak1 or famili> spirits4 ,= e       
angekkok has a torngak1 :o att5ds him1  
aft] he has t5 times conjur$ 9 ! d>k4   
,"s h _! own deceas$ p>5ts = _! torngak1
 & o!rs get !irs out ( "s ( our nation1 
:o !y say dis*>ge _! fire arms :5 !y    
wait be=e ! entry ( ! place :]e !       
angekkok p]=ms 8 conjuration4 ,:e!r     
,torngak & ,torng>suk be "o & ! same ?+ 
,i %all n decide2 b c]ta9 x is1 t "o is 
d]iv$ f ! o!r4 ,f ,torng>suk ! angekuts 
pret5d !y le>n ! art ( conjur+2 :i* !y  
are taught 9 ?is me?od4 ,if "o aspires  
to ! (fice ( an angekkok1 & has a m9d to
 be initiat$ into ^! my/]ies1 he mu/    
retire f ! re/ ( mank9d1 into "s remote 
place1 f all comm]ce2 !re he mu/ look = 
a l>ge /one1 ne> :i* he mu/ sit d[n &   
invoke ,torng>suk1 :o1 )\t delay1       

pres5ts himself be=e him4 ,?is pres5ce s
 t]rifies ! new c&idate ( angekutism1 t 
he imm$iately sick51 swoons away1 &     
dies2 & 9 ?is condition he lies = ?ree  
:ole days2 & !n he comes to life aga91  
arises 9 a newness ( life1 & betakes    
himself to 8 home aga94 ,! sci5ce ( an  
angekkok consi/s ( ?ree ?+s4 #a4 ,t he  
mutt]s c]ta9 spells ov] sick p1 9 ord]  
to make !m recov] _! =m] heal?4 #b4 ,he 
communes ) ,torng>suk1 & f him receives 
in/ruction1 to give p advice :at c\rse  
!y are to take 9 affairs1 t !y may h    
success1 & prosp] !re94 #c4 ,he is by ! 
same in=m$ ( ! "t & cause ( any body's  
dea?2 or = :at reason any body comes to 
an untimely & uncommon end2 & if any    
fatality %all befal a man4 ,& ?\gh ?is  
ly+ _s ( ! angekuts is (t5times f\nd out
 by _! gross mi/akes1 :5 ! ev5ts d n    
answ] _! false pr$ictions1 z commonly   
happ5s2 yet1 = all t1 !y are 9 great    
hon\r & e/eem among ?is /upid & ignorant
 nation1 insomu* t nobody ev] d>e refuse
 ! /ricte/ ob$i5ce to :at !y comm& him 9

 ! "n ( ,torng>suk1 fe>+1 t1 9 case (   
disob$i5ce1 "s great affliction &       
mis=tune may happ5 to him4 ,among _m o!r
 fibs1 & mo/ impud5t lies1 !y make also 
^! silly /upid wret*es believe1 t !y c1 
) h&s & feet ti$1 m\nt up to ,heav51 &  
see h[ matt]s /& !re2 & likewise desc5d 
to ,hell1 or ! l[] regions ( ! ,e>?1 :]e
 ! fi]ce ,torng>suk keeps 8 c\rt4 ,a "y 
angekkok mu/ n und]take ?is j\rney b 9 !
 fall ( ! ye>1 by reason1 t !n ! l[]mo/ 
,heav51 :i* !y take ! ra9b[ to be1 is   
ne>e/ to ! ,e>?4  ,! f>ce or impo/ure is
 ?us act$3 a numb] ( spectators assemble
 9 ! ev5+ at "o ( _! h\ses1 :]e1 aft] x 
is gr[n d>k1 e "o be+ seat$1 ! angekkok 
causes himself to be ti$1 8 head betwe5 
8 legs & 8 h&s beh9d 8 back1 & a drum is
 laid at 8 side2 !reupon1 aft] ! w9d[s  
are %ut & ! light put out1 ! assembly   
s+s a ditty1 :i*1 !y say1 is !          
composition ( _! ance/ors2 :5 !y h done 
s++ ! angekkok beg9s ) conjur+1 mutt]+1 
& brawl+2 invokes ,torng>suk1 :o        
in/antly pres5ts himself1 & conv]ses )  

him 7"h ! ma/]ly juggl] kn[s h[ to play 
8 trick1 9 *ang+ ! tone ( 8 voice1 &    
c\nt]feit+ "o diff]5t f 8 own1 :i* makes
 ! too cr$ul\s he>]s believe1 t ?is     
c\nt]feit$ voice is t ( ,torng>suk1 :o  
conv]ses ) ! angekkok47 ,9 ! mean :ile  
he works himself loose1 &1 z !y believe1
 m\nts up into ,heav5 ?r\gh ! ro( ( !   
h\se1 & passes ?r\gh ! air till he      
arrives into ! highe/ ( heav5s1 :]e !   
s\ls ( angekkut poglit1 t is1 ! *ief    
angekkuts1 reside1 by :om he gets       
in=mation ( all he wants to "k4 ,& all  
?is is done 9 ! tw9kl+ ( an eye4        
,conc]n+ ! angekkut poglit1 :om we j n[ 
m5tion$1 z !y pass = ! heads ( ! cl]gy1 
& are reckon$ ! mo/ em95t & wise/ ( all1
 !y also mu/ pass ?r\gh ! inf]ior ord]s1
 & sev]al h>d trials1 be=e !y c atta9 to
 ?is high degree ( pre-em95cy2 = none is
 deem$ wor?y ( su* a dignity1 b he t has
 made 8 noviciate%ip 9 ! l[] rank1 z an 
ord9>y angekkok4 ,! trial he mu/ und]go1
 is ?is3 !y tie 8 h&s & feet1 z a=esaid1
 & aft] ! light is put out1 & !y are all

 left 9 d>kness 7t nobody may see h[ !  
trick is play$1 & _! impo/ure be        
discov]$71 !n !y pret5d t a :ite be>    
ent]s ! room1 takes hold ( 8 great toe )
 8 tee?1 & dragg+ him along to ! sea    
%ore1 jumps ) him into ! sea1 :]e a     
morse is ready1 & takes hold ( him by 8 
privy p>ts1 dev\r+ him1 toge!r ) ! :ite 
be>4 ,a little :ile aft] all 8 bones are
 ?r[n 9 ^u ! floor1 "o aft] ano!r1 n "o 
miss+2 & !n 8 s\l rises up (f ! gr\nd1  
:i* ga!rs ! bones1 & animates ! :ole    
body aga91 & up />ts ! man1 a hale &    
entire z ev] he 02 & ?us he is made an  
angekkok poglik4  ,! angekkuts1 z be=e  
obs]v$1 are kept 9 great hon\r & e/eem1 
& belov$ & *]i%$ z a wise & useful set (
 m52 !y are also well rew>d$ = _!       
s]vice1 :5 x is want$4 ,b1 on ! contr>y1
 !re is ano!r sort ( conjur]s or        
sorc]]s1 especially "s decrepid old     
wom51 :i* !y call illise]sut1 or wit*es1
 :o p]suade !mselves & o!rs1 t1 by !    
virtue ( _! spells & wit*craft !y c hurt
 p 9 _! life & goods4 ,^! are n ^u !    

same foot+ ) ! angekkuts2 = z soon z any
 "o incurs only ! suspicion ( su*       
demeanor1 he or %e is hat$ & dete/$ by e
 body1 & at la/ made away )1 )\t m]cy1 z
 a plague to mank9d1 & n deem$ wor?y to 
live4  ,moreov] ! angekkuts abuse ! p's 
cr$ulity1 mak+ !m believe1 t !y c cure  
all sorts ( diseases2 ?\gh !y apply su* 
rem$ies z h no virtue 9 !m to cure1 su* 
z mutt]+ ( spells1 & bl[+ ^u ! sick     
bodies2 :]e9 !y resemble to a hair ^?   
conjur]s ( :i* ! prophet ,isaiah speaks1
 *apt] viii1 v]se #ai4  ,& if by *ance  
any "o1 :o has be5 "u ^! juggl]s' h&s1  
recov]s1 !y d n fail to ascribe x to !  
virtue ( _! juggl+ tricks4 ,at times !y 
use ?is way ( cur+ ! sick2 !y lay him ^u
 8 back1 & tie a ribbon1 or a /r+1 r\nd 
8 head1 hav+ a /ick fa/5$ to ! o!r end (
 ! /r+1 ) :i* !y lift up ! sick p]son's 
head f ! gr\nd1 & let x d[n aga92 & at e
 lift he communes ) 8 ,torgak1 or       
famili> _s1 ab\t ! /ate ( ! pati5t1 :e!r
 he %all recov] or n2 n[1 if 8 head is  
heavy 9 lift+ x1 x is ) !m a sign (     

dea?2 if light1 ( recov]y#ch4 ,not)/&+  
all ?is1 ,i am lo? to believe1 t1 9 ^!  
spells & conjur+s1 !re is any real      
comm]ce ) ! devil2 = to me x cle>ly     
appe>s1 t !re is no?+ 9 x b m]e fibs1   
juggl+ tricks1 & impo/ures1 made use (  
by ^! crafty fell[s = ! sake ( fil?y    
lucre1 = !y are well paid = _! pa9s4    
,nev]!less1 x _c be d5i$1 b t ! evil _s 
has a h& 9 all ?is1 & is ! *ief actor ^u
 ?is /age1 to keep ^! poor wret*es 9 _! 
*a9s1 & h9d] !m f com+ to ! true k (    
,god4  ,! angekkuts c also p]suade :om  
!y please1 t !y h no s\ls1 especially if
 !y are 9 a bad /ate ( heal?1 pret5d+ !y
 h ! p[] to create new s\ls 9 !m1       
provid$ !y pay !m well = x1 :i* !       
ignorant fools are v will+ to d4 ,!y    
prescribe to all rules ( conduct &      
behavi\r 9 diff]5t cases1 :i* rules none
 d>e refuse to live up to ) ! greate/   
exactness imag9able2 z = example1 if any
 dies 9 a h\se1 ^? ( ! h\se _c1 = a set 
"t1 d all sorts ( "w2 especially !      
relations ( ! deceas$ are oblig$ to     

ab/a91 n only f c]ta9 works1 b likewise 
f c]ta9 victuals4  ,if a pati5t be "u ! 
h&s ( an angekkok1 he mu/ live by rule1 
:i* !y are accu/om$ to obs]ve s exactly1
 t ev5 :5 we h assi/$ _m ( !m ) our     
m$icam5ts1 !y h always dem&$ :at sort ( 
diet !y 7 to keep4 ,wom5 9 *ildb$ are to
 ab/a9 f work+1 & f c]ta9 victuals1 viz4
 fle% meat1 :i* _! own husb&s h n tak51 
or t ( a de]1 ^: entrails are n s\nd1 b 
damag$4 ,! fir/ week aft] ! deliv]y !y  
eat no?+ b fi%1 aft]w>ds !y are all[$   
meat4 ,! bones !y pick 9 ?is /ate mu/ n 
be c>ri$ out ( doors4 ,aft] ! fir/      
*ildb$1 a woman is n all[$ to eat ( !   
head or liv]4 ,!y mu/ n eat 9 ! op5 air4
 ,dur+ _! ly+-9 !y h _! wat] pails =    
!mselves alone2 if any unwitt+ly %\ld   
dr9k ( ?is wat]1 ! re/ mu/ be ?r[n away4
 ,_! husb&s mu/ =be> work+ = "s weeks1  
nei!r mu/ !y drive any trade dur+ t "t3 
likewise if any body be sick1 !y d n c>e
 to m$dle ) any trade4 ,!y are n all[$  
to eat or dr9k b>ehead$4 ,!y pull (f "o 
( _! boots1 & lay x "u ! b[l :i* !y eat 

out (1 to ! end 7z !y imag9e7 t !       
infant1 be+ a male1 may become a good   
seal cat*]4 ,dur+ ! infancy ( ! *ild1 !y
 d>e n boil any ?+ ov] ! lamp1 nor let  
any /rang]s light a fire ) !m2 & _m m   
fool]ies to be obs]v$#ci4 ,x is cu/om>y 
among !m = m>ri$ wom5 to wa% & cleanse  
!mselves aft] _! mon?s1 t _! husb&s may 
n cat* a di/emp] & die4 ,likewise1 if !y
 h happ5$ to t\* a dead corpse1 !y      
imm$iately ca/ away ! clo!s !y h !n on2 
& = ?is reason !y always put on _! old  
clo!s :5 !y g to a bury+1 9 :i* !y agree
 ) ! ,jews1 z 9 _m o!r usages &         
c]emonies2 = example1 to bewail ! loss (
 _! virg9ity2 to m>k !mselves ^u _! sk92
 to cut _! hairs r\nd ! head1 :i* ! ,"l 
=bids ! ,jews to d1 ,levit4 xix4 ,:5 ,i 
consid] ?is & _m o!r ( _! cu/oms1 :i*   
seem to be ( a ,jewi% extraction1 ,i am 
n f> f acc$+ to ! op9ion ( a c]ta9 fam\s
 writ]1 conc]n+ ! ,am]icans2 among :om z
 he f\nd sundry ,jewi% rites &          
c]emonies1 he took !m to desc5d f ,jews1
 or r f "s ( ! t5 tribes ( ,israel1 :o 7

 l$ into ! ,assyrian captivity1 &       
aft]w>ds disp]s$ into unkn[n            
c\ntries4--,see h]eon ,esp>s1 #a4 iv4   
,a sup]/ition v common among !m is1 to  
load !mselves ) amulets or pom&]s dangl+
 ab\t _! necks & arms1 :i* consi/ ( "s  
pieces ( old wood1 /ones or bones1 bills
 & claws ( birds1 or any ?+ else1 :i* _!
 fancy sugge/s to !m2 :i* amulets1      
accord+ to _! silly op9ion1 h a wond]ful
 virtue to pres]ve ^? t we> !m f        
diseases & o!r mis=tunes1 & gives !m    
luck to good captures4 ,to r5d] b>r5    
wom5 f]tile or teem+1 !y take old pieces
 ( ! soles ( our %oes to hang ab\t !m2  
=1 z !y take our nation to be m f]tile1 
& ( a /rong] disposition ( body ?an     
!irs1 !y fancy ! virtue ( our body      
communicates itself to our clo?+4       
,conc]n+ ! creation & orig9 ( all ?+s1  
!y h little to say1 b !y ?9k all has be5
 z x ev] w be4 ,nev]!less !y ab\nd 9    
fables 9 reg>d to ^! matt]s4 ,_! tale ( 
! orig9 ( mank9d runs ?us3 at ! beg9n+  
"o man1 viz4 a ,gre5l&]1 sprung out ( ! 

gr\nd1 :o got a wife out ( a little     
hillock#dj4 ,f ^! are desc5d$ l9eally ! 
,gre5l&]s2 :i* may pass = a remnant1    
?\gh an adult]ation f ! true tradition (
 ! orig9 ( man4 ,b z to u =eign]s1 :om  
!y /ile ,kablunt 7t is1 ( a /range      
extraction71 !y tell a mo/ ridicul\s    
/ory1 import+ our p$igree f a race (    
dogs2 !y say1 t a ,gre5l& woman once be+
 9 lab\r1 br\ght =? at ! same "t bo?    
*ildr5 & :elps3 ^! la/ %e put into an   
old %oe1 & committ$ !m to ! m]cy ( !    
waves1 ) ^! words2 ,get ye gone f h5ce &
 gr[ up to be ,kablunts4 ,?is1 !y say1  
is ! reason1 :y ! ,kablunts always live 
^u ! sea2 & ! %ips1 !y say1 h ! v same  
%ape z _! %oes1 be+ r\nd be=e & beh9d4  
,! reason :y m5 die1 !y tell u1 is1 t a 
woman ( _! nation once utt]$ ^! words2  
,tokkol>lutik okko pillit1 sill>soak    
rettulisavet1 ,let !m die "o aft] ano!r2
 = else ! _w _c hold !m4 ,o!rs relate x 
9 ?is mann]3 two ( ! fir/ m5 cont5d$ )  
"o ano!r1 "o said1 ,kaut s>lune         
unnu9n>luna1 innuit tokkos>lutik2 t is1 

,let !re be day1 & let !re be night1 &  
let n m5 die4 ,! second said1           
,unnu9n>lune1 kausunane1 innuit         
tokkos9natik2 t is1 ,let !re be no?+ b  
night1 & no day1 & let m5 live2 & aft] a
 long cont5tion ! fir/ say+ got ! day4  
,( ! orig9 ( fi%es & o!r sea animals !y 
tell a ridicul\s /ory1 viz4 an old man 0
 once cutt+ *ips (f ( a piece ( wood2 ) 
^! *ips he rubb$ himself betwe5 ! ?ighs1
 & ?rew !m into ! sea1 :]eupon !y       
imm$iately became fi%es4 ,b ( a c]ta9   
fi% call$ hay1 !y d]ive 8 production f  
?is accid5t1 t a woman wa%+ h] hairs 9  
h] own wat]1 a bla/ ( w9d came & c>ri$  
away ! cl\t ) :i* %e dri$ h] hairs1 &   
out ( t cl\t 0 produc$ a hay fi%2 & =   
?is reason !y say1 ! fle% ( ?is fi% has 
got ! smell ( ur9e4  ,!y h got no notion
 ( any diff]5t /ate ( s\ls aft] dea?2 b 
!y fancy t all ! deceas$ g into ! l& ( !
 s\ls1 z !y t]m x4 ,nev]!less !y assign 
two retreats = dep>t$ s\ls1 viz4 "s g to
 ,heav51 o!rs to ! c5tre ( ! ,e>?2 b ?is
 l[] retirem5t is 9 _! op9ion !         

pleasante/1 inasmu* z !y enjoy !mselves 
9 a delici\s c\ntry1 :]e ! sun %9es     
cont9ually1 ) an inexhau/ible /ock ( all
 sorts ( *oice provision4 ,b ?is is only
 ! receptacle ( su* wom5 z die 9 lab\r1 
& ( ^? t1 go+ a :ale fi%+1 p]i% at sea2 
?is be+ _! rew>d1 to comp5sate ! h>d%ips
 !y h und]gone 9 ?is life2 all ! re/    
flock to ,heav54  ,9 ! c5tre ( ! ,e>?1  
:i* !y reckon ! be/ place ( all1 !y h   
fix$ ! resid5ce ( ,torng>suk & 8 gr&ame1
 or 7z o!rs w h x7 8 lady daught]1 a    
true t]magant & gha/ly woman1 to ^:     
description1 ?\gh already made 9 my     
cont9uation ( ! relations ( ,gre5l&1 "s 
"t ago publi%$1 ,i %all yet all[ a place
 9 ?is treatise1 & is z foll[s4 ,%e is  
said to dwell 9 ! l[] p>ts ( ! e>? "u ! 
seas1 & has ! empire ov] all fi%es &    
sea-animals1 z unicorns1 morses1 seals1 
& ! l4 ,! bason plac$ "u h] lamp1 into  
:i* ! tra9 oil ( ! lamp drips d[n1 sw>ms
 ) all k9ds ( sea f[ls1 swimm+ 9 & hov]+
 ab\t x4 ,at ! entry ( h] abode is a    
corps de g>de ( sea dogs1 :o m\nt !     

gu>d1 & /& s5t9els at h] gates to keep  
out ! cr[n ( petition]s#da4 ,none c get 
admittance !re b angekuts1 provid$ !y   
are accompani$ by _! ,torngak1 or       
famili> spirits1 & n o!rwise4 ,9 _!     
j\rney ?i!r !y fir/ pass ?r\gh !        
mansions ( all ! s\ls ( ! deceas$1 :i*  
look z well1 if n bett]1 ?an ev] !y did 
9 ?is _w1 & want = no?+4 ,aft] !y h     
pass$ ?r\gh ?is region1 !y come to a v  
long1 broad1 & deep :irlpool1 :i* !y are
 to cross ov]1 !re be+ no?+ to pass ^u b
 a great :eel l ice1 :i* turns ab\t ) a 
surpris+ rapidity1 & by ! means ( ?is   
:eel ! _s helps 8 angekkok to get ov]4  
,?is difficulty be+ surm\nt$1 ! next ?+ 
!y enc\nt] is a l>ge kettle1 9 :i* live 
seals are put to be boil$2 & at la/ !y  
arrive1 ) mu* ado1 at ! resid5ce ( !    
devil's gr&ame1 :]e ! famili> _s takes !
 angekkok by ! h& ?r\gh ! /rong gu>d (  
sea dogs4 ,! entry is l>ge en\gh1 ! road
 t leads is z n>r[ z a small rope1 & on 
bo? sides no?+ to lay hold on1 or to    
support "o2 besides t1 !re is und]nea? a

 mo/ frightful abyss or bottomless pit4 
,)9 ?is is ! ap>tm5t ( ! inf]nal        
goddess1 :o (f5d$ at ?is unexpect$      
visit1 %[s a mo/ gha/ly & wra?ful       
c\nt5ance1 pull+ ! hair (f h] head3 %e  
!reupon seizes a wet w+ ( a f[l1 :i* %e 
lights 9 ! fire1 & claps to _! noses1   
:i* makes !m v fa9t & sick1 & !y become 
h] prison]s4 ,b ! en*ant] or angekkok   
7be+ be=eh& in/ruct$ by 8 ,torngak1 h[  
to act 8 "p 9 ?is dismal exp$ition7     
takes hold ( h] by ! hair1 & drubs &    
bangs h] s long1 till %e loses h] /r5g? 
& yields2 & 9 ?is combat 8 famili> _s   
does n /& idle1 b lays ab\t h] ) might &
 ma94 ,r\nd ! inf]nal goddess's face    
hangs ! agl]rutit 7! signification ( :i*
 is to be f\nd 9 my son's j\rnals7 :i* !
 angekkok endeav\rs to rob h] (4 ,= ?is 
is ! *>m1 by :i* %e draws all fi%es &   
sea animals to h] dom9ion1 :i* no soon] 
is %e depriv$ (1 b in/antly ! sea       
animals 9 %oals =sake h]1 & resort ) all
 spe$ to _! wont$ %elves1 :]e !         
,gre5l&]s cat* !m 9 great pl5ty4 ,:5 ?is

 great bus9ess is done1 ! angekkok ) 8  
,torngak pr\d ( success make ! be/ ( _! 
way home aga91 :]e !y f9d ! road smoo?1 
& easy to :at x 0 be=e4         99      
99       99       99       99  ,z to !  
s\ls ( ! dead1 9 _! travel to ?is happy 
c\ntry1 !y meet ) a %>p po9t$ /one1 ^u  
:i* ! angekkuts tell !m !y mu/ slide or 
glide d[n ^u _! bree*1 z !re is no o!r  
passage to get ?r\gh1 & ?is /one is     
besme>$ ) blood2 p]haps1 by ?is my/ical 
or hi]oglyphical image1 !y !reby signify
 ! adv]sities & tribulations ^? h to    
/ruggle )1 :o desire to atta9 to        
happ9ess4     ,,*ap4 ,,xix4       ,!    
,gre5l&]s' ,a/ronomy1 or _! ,?\ghts     
conc]n+ ! ,sun1      ,moon1 ,/>s1 &     
,planets4   ,! notions ! ,gre5l&]s h ( !
 orig9 ( heav5ly lights1 z ,sun1 ,moon1 
& ,/>s1 are v nons5sical2 9 t !y pret5d 
t !y h =m]ly be5 s _m ( _! ance/ors1 :o 
on diff]5t acc\nts 7 lift$ up to ,heav5 
& became su* glori\s cele/ial bodies4   
,_! silly /ories conc]n+ ?is matt] h be5
 relat$ 9 ! cont9uation to ! ,gre5l&    

,memoirs1 or relations1 b z ?is book v  
likely may n come to ! h&s ( e body1 ,i 
%all %ortly rememb] "s ( !m "h4 ,!      
,moon1 z !y w h x1 has be5 a "y man1    
call$ ,ann+ait1 or ,ann+as9a2 ^: si/] 0 
! ,sun1 nam$ ,mal9a1 or ,ajut 7by :i*   
latt] "n !y call any h&some woman1 = :om
 !y h a value1 ,ajuna47 ,! reason 7:y ^!
 two 7 tak5 up into ,heav57 !y give1 is 
?is3 !re 7 once a numb] ( "y m5 & wom5  
assembl$ to play toge!r 9 a h\se made ( 
sn[ 7accord+ to _! cu/om 9 ! w9t]       
season71 :5 ! ,moon or ,ann+ait1 :o 0   
deeply 9 love ) 8 si/]1 :o assi/$ at ?is
 assembly1 0 us$ e night to put out !   
light1 t he might c>ess h] undiscov]$2 b
 %e n lik+ ^! /ol5 c>esses1 once black5$
 h] h&s ) soot1 t %e might m>k ! h&s1   
face1 & clo!s ( h] unkn[n lov]1 :o 9 !  
d>k made addresses to h]1 & by t discov]
 :o he 03 h5ce1 !y say1 come ! spots t  
are obs]v$ 9 ! moon2 = z he wore a coat 
( a f9e :ite re9 de] sk91 x 0 all ov]   
besme>$ ) soot2 h]eupon ,mal9a1 or !    
,sun1 w5t out to light a bit ( moss2    

,ann+ait1 or ! ,moon1 did ! same1 b !   
flame ( 8 moss 0 ext+ui%$2 ?is makes !  
,moon look l a fi]y coal1 & n %9e s     
bright z ! ,sun4 ,! ,moon !n run aft] ! 
,sun r\nd ab\t ! h\se to cat* h]2 b %e1 
to get rid ( him1 flew up into ! air1 & 
! ,moon pursu+ h]1 did likewise2 & ?us  
!y /ill cont9ue to pursue "o ano!r1 ?\gh
 ! ,sun's c>e] is mu* above t ( !       
,moon#db4  ,!y also tell u1 t ! ,moon is
 yet oblig$ to seek = 8 livelihood ^u ! 
e>? & sea1 9 cat*+ ( seals1 z a food he 
=m]ly 0 us$ to2 :i* !y pret5d he is do+1
 :5 he appe>s n 9 ! air3 nay1 !y d n    
/ick to say1 t %e n[ & !n comes d[n to  
give _! wives a visit1 & c>ess !m2 = :i*
 reason no woman d>e sleep ly+ ^u h]    
back1 )\t %e fir/ spits ^u h] f+]s &    
rubs h] belly ) x4  ,= ! same reason !  
"y maids are afraid to />e long at !    
moon1 imag9+ !y may get a *ild by !     
b>ga94 ,dur+ ! eclipse ( ! sun no man   
d>e /ir out ( ! h\se2 & likewise :5 !   
moon is eclips$1 no woman goes abroad1  
because !y fancy t bo? hate ! sex ( !   

o!r4 ,! sun = joy puts on h] p5dants1 or
 e>-bobs2 ! reason ( :i* !y take to be !
 hatr$ %e be>s aga9/ h] bro!r1 :i* also 
rea*es to 8 sex4 ,z on ! contr>y1 !     
,gre5l& wom5 we> _! p5dants at ! bir? ( 
a boy1 because s useful a creature is   
come into ! _w4 ,_! notion ab\t ! />s   
is1 t "s ( !m h be5 m51 & o!r diff]5t   
sorts ( animals & fi%es4 ,! fa9t light (
 "s />s !y attribute to _! eat+ !       
kidney2 & brightness ( o!rs to _! fe$+  
^u liv]4 ,!y give also names to _m />s &
 con/ellations1 viz4 ! ?ree />s 9 ! belt
 ( ,orion1 !y "n ,siektut1 t is sep>at$2
 because ^! ?ree1 !y say1 be=e _!       
metempsy*osis1 or r metamorphosis1 7    
?ree hone/ ,gre5l&]s1 :o be+ out at sea1
 a seal cat*+1 7 bewild]$1 & n be+ able 
to f9d ! %ore aga91 7 tak5 up into      
,heav54  ,ursa ,major1 ! great be> />1  
is /yl$ by ^? t dwell 9 #fd1 ,tugto1 or 
re9 de]2 :ile !y t live 9 ! bay ( ,disco
 at #fi1 call x ,asselluit1 ! "n ( a    
tree1 to :i* !y tie _! l9e :5 !y %oot   
seals4 ,taurus1 ! second sign 9 !       

,zodiac1 is nam$ ,kellukturset1 or k5nel
 ( h\nds1 :o seem to h a be> among !m2  
by ?is con/ellation !y reckon _! h\rs by
 night4 ,iv]suk1 t is1 two p]sons t     
cont5d ) songs or v]ses 9 taunt+ "o     
ano!r1 z is cu/om>y among ! ,gre5l&]s4  
,^! two />s are 9 ! con/ellation        
,taurus1 ( :i* h]et(ore1 ,aldeb>an or   
,n5n]roak1 t is1 a light :i* lights !   
two s+]s4 ,canis ,major is call$        
,nell]aglek1 :i* is ! "n ( a man among/ 
!m2 ?is !y say has got on a coat ( re9  
de]'s sk94 ,gem9i1 ,auriga1 & ,capella1 
are nam$ ,killaub ,kuttuk1 t is1 ! brea/
 bone ( ,heav54  ,:5 two />s seem to    
meet toge!r1 !y say1 t !y are visit+ "o 
ano!r2 o!rs w h x to be two wom51 :o be+
 rivals1 take "o ano!r by ! hair4       
,conc]n+ ?und] & lightn+1 !y say t two  
old wom5 live toge!r 9 "o h\se 9 ! air1 
:o n[ & !n fall out & qu>rel ab\t a ?ick
 & /iff out/ret*$ seal sk9 7because su* 
a sk91 if beat5 z a drum1 has "s lik5ess
 to ! noise ( ?und]72 :ile !y are ?us by
 ! e>s toge!r1 d[n comes ! h\se ) great 

b\nc+ & crack+1 & ! lamps are brok51 !  
fires & brok5 pieces fly ab\t 9 ! air1 &
 ?is1 9 _! philosophy1 is ?und] &       
lightn+4  ,9 _! a/ronomical sy/em1 !    
heav5 turn ab\t ^u ! po9t ( a huge rock4
 ,! sn[1 accord+ to _! fancy1 is ! blood
 ( ! dead1 on acc\nt t x turns r$di% if 
y keep x 9 ! m\?4 ,! ra9 comes f a dit* 
or we> above 9 ,heav52 :5 x ov]fl[s !re1
 x ra9s "h bel[4  ,!y h no cal5d> or    
almanacks1 nor d !y compute or measure !
 "t by weeks or ye>s1 b only by mon?s2  
beg9n+ _! computation f ! ,sun's fir/   
ris+ above _! horizon 9 ! w9t]2 f :5ce  
!y tell ! mon?1 to "k exactly ! season1 
9 :i* e sort ( fi%es1 sea animals1 or   
birds seek ! l&2 accord+ to :i* !y ord] 
_! bus9ess4  ,z nons5sical n[ z ^!      
notions ( ! ,gre5l&]s are 7z !y 9       
reality are71 yet !y come %ort ( !      
,egyptian ,k+ ,ptolemy's infatuation1 :o
 by ! loa?some flatt]y ( 8 a/ronom]s 0  
p]suad$ t 8 ,que5 ,b]5ice's head ( hair 
0 translat$ into ,heav5 & a/rifi$1 if ,i
 may say s2 :i* con/ellation to ?is day 

goes by ! "n ( ,coma ,b]5ices1 or       
,b]5ice's hair2 & :at travell]s relate (
 ,*9a & ! ,ea/ ,indies1 :]e "s are (    
op9ion1 t ! ,sun's eclipse is no?+ b t a
 c]ta9 devil or sprite sometimes swall[s
 up ! ,sun1 & !n aga9 spews x out4      
,,*ap4 ,,xx4       ,! ,capacity ( !     
,gre5l&]s1 & _! ,incl9ation t[>ds      !
 ,k ( ,god1 & ! ,*ri/ian ,religion2 & by
 :at ,means      ?is may easily be      
br\ght ab\t4   ,z ! ,gre5l&]s are       
naturally v /upid & indol5t2 s are !y   
likewise v little dispos$ to compreh5d &
 consid] ! div9e tru?s :i* we exp\nd to 
!m2 & not)/&+ p 9 ye>s seem to approve (
 ! ,*ri/ian doctr9e1 yet x is ) a       
surpris+ indiff]5ce & coldness4 ,= !y c 
nei!r compreh5d ! mis]able condition !y 
are 92 nor d !y rightly und]/& & value !
 exce$+ great m]cy & lov+ k9dness ,god  
has %[n t[>ds mank9d 9 8 de> ,son ,*ri/ 
,jesus1 s z to move !m to any desire &  
long+ aft] x2 "s few except$4 ,?is is to
 me an und5iable evid5ce t !            
c>nally-m9d$ man _c compreh5d ! ?+s t   

belong to ,god2 = to him !y seem to be  
fooli%1 & he _c "k !m1 z ! ,apo/le      
speaks1 #a ,cor4 ii4 ,b z !y 9 g5]al are
 s cr$ul\s1 t "o c make !m believe any  
?+1 s !y are likewise 9 ?is gr& affair4 
,!y nev] "q :at !y are taught ( ,god &  
,*ri/2 b at ! same "t x nev] takes any  
root+ 9 _! m9d1 because x passes )\t any
 consid]ation & feel+4 ,= :i* reason !y 
d n contradict or dispute ) u ! matt]s  
propos$2 & v few h (f]$ any objections1 
or desir$ any difficulty to be expla9$4 
,& z _! behavi\r is silly & *ildi%1 s we
 h us$ ! same me?od 9 tea*+ !m1 z we d  
to in/ruct little *ildr52 inculcat+ !   
,*ri/ian tru?s into _! m9d by frequ5t   
repetitions1 & mak+ use ( simple &      
obvi\s comp>isons1 :i*1 ,i ?ank ,god    
,almighty1 has n want$ 8 bless+4 ,= ,i h
 p]ceiv$ 9 "s ! work+ ( 8 grace 9 a     
s]i\s am5dm5t ( _! lives2 & _! endeav\rs
 h be5 to advance 9 ! way to p]fection1 
?\gh all z yet is b a beg9n+ & infancy1 
z we h m5tion$ 9 ! la/ ye>'s ,memoirs or
 ,relations ( ,gre5l&4  ,x is a matt]   

:i* _c be que/ion$1 t if y w make a     
,*ri/ian out ( a m]e savage & wild man1 
y mu/ fir/ make him a reasonable man1 & 
! next /ep w be easi]4 ,?is is au?oris$ 
& confirm$ by our ,savi\r's own me?od4  
,he makes a beg9n+ f ! e>?ly ?+s2 he    
proposes ! my/]ies ( ! k+dom ( ,god 9   
p>ables & similitudes4 ,! fir/ c>e tak5 
9 ! conv]sion ( ,hea!ns is to remove out
 ( ! way all ob/acles :i* may h9d] _!   
conv]sion1 & r5d] !m unfit to receive ! 
,*ri/ian doctr9e1 be=e any ?+           
successfully c be und]tak5 9 _! behalf4 
,x w\ld contribute a great deal to =w>d 
_! conv]sion1 if !y c\ld by degrees be  
br\ght into a settl$ way ( life1 & to   
ab&on ?is saunt]+ & w&]+ ab\t f place to
 place to seek _! livelihood4 ,b ?is _c 
be hop$ until a ,*ri/ian nation comes to
 be settl$ among !m 7,i mean 9 su*      
places :]e ! gr\nd is fit = tillage &   
pa/urage7 to tea* !m1 & by little &     
little accu/om !m to a quiet & m useful 
way ( life1 ?an t :i* !y n[ foll[4  ,!y 
%\ld also be kept "u "s discipl9e1 &    

re/ra9$ f _! fooli% sup]/itions1 & f !  
silly tricks & wick$ impo/ures ( _!     
angekkuts1 :i* ought to be altoge!r     
prohibit$ & puni%$4 ,yet my mean+ is1 n 
t !y1 by =ce & con/ra9t1 %\ld be        
compell$ to embrace our religion1 b to  
use g5tle me?ods4 ,is x n all[$ 9 ! *ur*
 ( ,*ri/ to make use ( ,*ri/ian         
discipl9e at times & seasons1 ) prud5ce 
& due mod]ation2 :i* is a p[]ful means  
to advance ! gr[? ( piety & devotion8   
,h[ mu* m is x necess>y to apply ! same 
means "h to grub up an untill$ gr\nd1   
:]e a new *ur* is to be plant$8 ,else x 
w\ld be ! same imprud5ce z to ?r[ good  
se$ into ?orns & bri>s1 :i* w\ld *oak ! 
se$4  ,b z ! *ief fruit ( our lab\rs &  
tea*+ is to be expect$ f ! gr[+ y\?1 s  
if "s good regulations & small          
f\ndations 7 laid = ! br++ up a numb] ( 
*ildr5 9 ! ,*ri/ian fai? & piety1 no    
d\bt ,god w\ld prosp] x2 inasmu* z ^!   
poor *ildr5 & gr[+ y\? are v tractable &
 tea*able1 & good natur$2 %[+ no        
incl9ation or prop5sity to vice4 ,nei!r 

d !y want capacity2 = ,i h f\nd !y w    
take any ?+ z soon z any ( our own      
*ildr54 ,n[ if ^! gifts or natural      
tal5ts 7 =w>d$ by ! gifts ( grace1 :o   
w\ld "q _! gr[? & advancem5t 9 !        
,*ri/ian fai? & virtues1 :i* w\ld rip5  
to ! full h>ve/ ( et]nal happ9ess8 ,good
 ,god6 h[ easy a ?+ w\ld x be to help ^!
 poor wret*es out ( _! mis]y1 if ^? t   
,god has bless$ ) weal? 7 heav5ly m9d$1 
& w\ld be s5sible ( ! wret*$ condition (
 _! fell[ creatures1 & contribute out ( 
_! abundance to ! f\nd+ ( a s*ool 9 ^!  
p>ts1 & ! provid+ ( o!r mo/ necess>y    
?+s6  ,8 ,maje/y1 out ( 8 wont$ mo/     
glori\s zeal = ! gr[? & advancem5t ( !  
*ur* ( ,*ri/1 has mo/ graci\sly provid$1
 by a consid]able sum ( money ye>ly set 
ap>t1 = ! ,gre5l& ,mission>ies'         
ent]ta9m5t1 :i* royal b\nty cont9ues to 
?is day2 = :i* goodness ! mo/ graci\s   
,god w bless 8 ,maje/y & all ! royal    
h]$it>y h\se1 & be _! rew>d = ev]4 ,b z 
a good deal ( ?is b\nty money mu/ be    
employ$ 9 ! promot+ ( trade 7)\t :i* !  

mission c\ld n subsi/71 b little rema9s 
= promot+ ! prop] end ( ! mission1 :i*  
is ! conv]sion ( ! ,hea!ns1 9 :i* at    
pres5t are employ$ no m ?an f\r         
mission>ies1 & two cate*i/s1 besides "s 
few *>ity *ildr5 belong+ to bo?         
colonies1 ^: ent]ta9m5t is to be provid$
 =4 ,hi!rto we h n be5 able to d great  
matt]s1 b cont5t$ ourselves ) "s        
excursions "h & !re in/ruct+ ! natives2 
:o likewise1 :5 !y h _h an opportunity1 
come to u ) _! families to be in/ruct$4 
,b z ^! excursions ( ours1 & ^? visits (
 !irs h n be5 v frequ5t1 & only = a %ort
 "t1 by reason ( ! impossibility (      
travell+ at all seasons1 :i* has oblig$ 
u to leave !m = a :ile to deal =        
!mselves2 x is n to be expect$ t our    
pa9s-tak+ %\ld h _h t success1 :i* w\ld 
att5d x1 if !re 7 mission>ies settl$ 9  
diff]5t /ations among/ !m4 ,= 9 sev]al  
ye>s we c\nt b betwe5 tw5ty & ?irty ag$ 
p]sons1 & a hundr$ & odd "y ones1 t h   
be5 f\nd capable to receive ! holy      
sacram5t ( baptism4 ,if among/ ourselves

 we _h no s*ools1 nor o!r pi\s          
f\ndations1 = ! in/ruction & ,*ri/ian   
education ( y\? & old p1 pray :at great 
feats w\ld "o or two tea*]s 9 a :ole    
c\ntry be able to d1 by once or twice a 
ye> tak+ a j\rney ?r\gh\t ! l&1 & prea*+
 a passage s]mon8 ,! apo/les ( ,*ri/ did
 n ?9k ?is me?od suffici5t2 b aft] !y _h
 prea*$ ! ^w ( ,god up & d[n1 !y besides
 orda9$ & con/itut$ tea*]s & cate*i/s   
ev]y:]e4 ,& if s :olesome a me?od be    
foll[$ 9 ,gre5l&1 :o w "q a happi]      
success8  ,& ?is is all ,i at pres5t h  
to say ( ! affairs ( ,gre5l&2 leav+ x to
 ! judgm5t ( o!rs to be made out &      
decid$1 :e!r ,gre5l& is a c\ntry t      
des]ves to be improv$ & tak5 c>e (1 or  
no8 ,& :e!r its inhabitants may be call$
 happy1 or no8 ,all ?+s well pond]$1 bo?
 ! affirmative & negative may be true1  
)\t ! lea/ contradiction4 ,= ,gre5l& c  
pass = no bett] ?an a dismal & pitiful  
c\ntry1 9 reg>d to ! greate/ "p ( x1    
viz4 all ! inl& c\ntry1 :i* is          
p]petually cov]$ ) ice & sn[1 t nev]    

melts1 & !re=e ( no use to mank9d2 & z  
to ! rema9+ "p1 on ! sea side1 mo/ ( x  
lies uncultivat$ & un9habit$4 ,b "h x   
may aga9 be said1 t z to ! fir/ "p1 or !
 inl& c\ntry1 x is a ?+ t is pa/ rem$y2 
b z to ! la/ "p1 or ! sea side1 x may be
 put 9 a bett] /ate by settlem5ts1 &    
manur+1 s t x may recov] its =m]        
f]tility2 & ?us x might be reckon$ a    
good & pr(itable c\ntry1 provid$ ! =m]ly
 inhabit$ tracks ( l& 7 anew settl$ &   
peopl$4 ,i w =be> to m5tion ! great     
weal? & ri*ness1 :i* lies hidd5 9 !     
,gre5l& seas1 & c nev] be exhau/$4  ,f !
 l& ,i w g to ! inhabitants1 :i* e body 
w ?9k m wret*$ ?an happy1 consid]$ z    
de/itute ( ! true k ( _! ,creator2 &    
besides lead b v poor & despicable      
lives4 ,! k ( ,god is und\bt$ly t :i*   
af=ds ! greate/ happ9ess to mank9d2 z ! 
want ( x makes "o ! mo/ wret*$ ( all    
be+s4 ,b :o w\ld d>e to d5y x1 if ,i    
%\ld f9d out somebody yet m wret*$ ?an  
!y8 ,& su* !re are :o h be5 bless$ ) !  
true k ( ,god2 yet d nev]!less refuse   

him t ob$i5ce1 :i*1 z our ,creator &    
,ma/]1 & 9 reg>d ( our r$emption & a    
?\s& o!r p>ticul> k9dnesses1 he has !   
be/ ( titles to dem& x ^u1 accord+ z he 
requires x ( u 9 8 holy ,^w4 ,if ! life 
( ! ,gre5l&]s1 :i* we call poor &       
despicable1 ) respect to morality1 be   
comp>$ to t ( ! mo/ pret5d$ ,*ri/ians2  
,i am afraid !y w conf\nd o!rs on !     
great ,day ( ,judgm5t4 ,= ?\gh !y h no  
law1 yet by ! light ( nature d "s ( !   
works ( ! law1 z ! apo/le says1 ,rom4   
ii4 ,:at ?\ghts w any "o h>b\r1 :o      
s]i\sly consid]s ! pr$om9ant passions1 z
 gre$9ess aft] ga91 covet\sness1        
unmeasur$ ambition & pride1 sumptu\s1   
voluptu\s1 & prodigal lives2 envy1      
hatr$1 & mutual p]secutions1 &          
innum]able o!r vices & crimes ( mo/     
,*ri/ians8 ,c any "o help ?9k+1 b t su* 
evil do]s 7! remote/ f ! life1 :i* is   
,god alone7 mu/ be deem$ ! mo/ unhappy (
 all8 ,:il/ on ! o!r h&1 ! ,gre5l&]s    
pass _! lives1 z ,i may say1 9 a natural
 innoc5ce & simplicity4 ,_! desires d n 

ext5d f>!r ?an to necess>y ?+s2 pomp &  
pride is unkn[n to !m2 hatr$1 envy1 &   
p]secution nev] plagu$ !m2 nei!r d !y   
affect ! dom9ion ov] "o ano!r4 ,9 %ort1 
e "o is cont5t$ ) 8 own /ate &          
condition1 & are n torm5t$ ) unnecess>y 
c>es4 ,is n ?is ! greate/ happ9ess ( ?is
 life8 ,o happy p6 :at bett] ?+s c "o   
wi% y1 ?an :at y already possess8 ,h y  
no ri*es8 yet pov]ty does n tr\ble y4 ,h
 y no sup]fluity8 yet y suff] no want4  
,is !re no pomp & pride to be se5 among 
y8 nei!r is !re any slight or scorn to  
be met )4 ,is !re no nobility or high   
rank among/ !m8 nei!r is !re any slav]y 
or bondage4 ,:at is sweet] ?an lib]ty8  
,& :at is happi] ?an cont5t$ness8 ,b "o 
?+ is yet want+3 ,i mean1 ! sav+ k (    
,god & 8 de> son ,*ri/ ,jesus1 9 :i*    
alone consi/s et]nal life & happ9ess4   
,john xvii4 ,& ?is is :at we (f] y1 9   
prea*+ to y ! holy ,gospel4  ,n[1 ,god1 
:o bade light %9e =? 9 d>kness1 enlight5
 y\r he>ts1 9 ! light ( ! k ( ,god's    
glori\s appe>ance 9 & ?r\gh ,*ri/       

,jesus4 ,may he deliv] y\r s\ls f !     
slav]y ( ! ,devil1 & ( s9ful lu/s1 z y  
are free f corporeal bondage1 to ! end t
 y always may be free ) ! ,"l bo? 9 s\l 
& body4 ,am54                           
,,! ,,end4                              
,,*>les ,,wood1 ,pr9t]1                 
,popp9's ,c\rt1 ,fleet ,/reet1 ,london4 
,,footnotes3  #a ,torfi ,gronl&ia       
,antiqua ,havni1 #agjf1 p4 #af2 see also
 ,peyr]e ,relation du ,gro5l&1 p4 #hd4  
,^! two au?orities are pr9cipally       
foll[$4 ,peyr]e's "w is 9 ,recueil de   
,voyages au ,nord1 tome premi]4  #b     
,torfu1 p4 #ac1 8m$ias alpes40  #c      
,torfu1 p4 #ad4  #d ,ibid41 p4 #ai4  #e 
,peyr]e4  #f ,torfu possess$ ?ree       
v]sions ( ?is acc\nt 9 ,g]man1 ,dani%1 &
 ,icel&ic4 ,8 n>rative runs1--,! mo/    
,ea/]n settlem5t ( ,gre5l& lies "u !    
promontory ( ,h]jolfsness1 & is call$   
,skagefiord4 ,"h is an uncultivat$      
m\nta91 call$ ,b>rafell4 ,at ! m\? is a 
long s&bank 7pulv9us longus71 /ret*$    
across1 s t no %ips c ent]1 except :5 ! 

wat] is rais$ to a great height by ! w9d
 & tide4 ,at t "t numb]s ( :ales cr[d   
into ! bay4 ,"h is a nev]-fail+ fi%]y1  
:i* is "p ( ! episcopal doma94  #g      
,torfu & ,peyr]e4  #h ,torfu says1 8ubi 
publica 9 sylvis v5atio40 ,( :at trees 7
 ^! woods compos$8 ,peyr]e1 copy+ !     
,icel&ic ,*ronicle1 says1 8,o il se fait
 gr&e *asse de t\tes sortes de be/es1 et
 entre autres de quantit d'ours blancs40
  #i ,torfi ,hi/4 p4 #de4  #aj ,peyr]e's
 words are1 8il y a une maison royale   
nomme ,fos40  #aa ,torfu calls x 8villa 
magnifica40  #ab ,torfu says1 8ru/icorum
 vill40  #ac ,peyr]e4  #ad ,doctor      
,wormius1 :o 0 fam$ = 8 great rese>* 9  
,nor!rn antiquities1 told ,peyr]e1 t ^! 
savages1 ! aborig9es ( ,gre5l&1 inhabit$
 "o side ( ! bay ( ,k9delfiord1 9 !     
,we/]n di/rict1 & t ! ,norwegians _h a  
settlem5t on ! opposite bank4 ,:51 !n1 !
 au?or ( ! ,icel&ic ,*ronicle said1 t ! 
,skrell+s possess$ all ! ,we/]bygdt1 he 
meant only ! c\ntry to ! ,we/ ( ?is bay4
 ,a small p>ty ( ,norwegians1 :o _h     

pass$ ov] to ! ,we/]n bank1 7 de/roy$ by
 ! ,skrell+s4 ,?is caus$ ! ,vic]oy (    
,norway1 :o is call$ judge ( ,gre5l&1 to
 dispat* a %ip ) a l>ge =ce to rev5ge   
?is affront4 ,b ! savages1 at ! sight ( 
?is vessel1 took to flight & conceal$   
!mselves 9 ! woods & rocks2 :i*         
occasion$ ,iv> ,b]t to repres5t ! c\ntry
 z de/itute ( inhabitants4  #ae ,angrim 
,jonas1 ( ,icel&1 accord+ to ,peyr]e1   
says expressly1 8,fundata 9 ,g>de       
,episcopalis resid5tia 9 s9u            
,eynatsfiord ,gro5l&i ,ori5talis40  #af 
,peyr]e1 p4 #ii4  #ag ,p4 #ii4 ,see also
 ,crantz1 vol4 i4 p4 #gh4  #ah ,peyr]e's
 acc\nt ( ,gre5l& is dat$ f ! ,hague1   
#ah? ,june1 #afdf4  #ai ,vol4 i4 p4     
#bgh4  #bj ,! ,moravian mission 9       
,gre5l& began 9 ! ye> #agcc4 ,! bre?r5 (
 ?is mission h two settlem5ts or        
villages ^u ! ,we/]n coa/4 ,"o ( ^!1 :i*
 is call$ ,new ,h]rnhut1 is on ,ball's  
,riv]2 & ! o!r1 :i* is d5om9at$         
,li*t5fels1 is at ! di/ance ( ?irty-six 
leagues f ! fir/1 & m to ! ,s\?4 ,crantz

 says1 t1 at 8 dep>ture f ,gre5l&1 f\r  
hundr$ & sev5ty ,gre5l&]s 7 liv+ at ,new
 ,h]rnhut 9 sixte5 h\ses4 ,! bre?r5     
!mselves describe ?is place z a sort (  
gre5 ,oasis 9 a *e]less des]t4 8,no "o10
 says "o ( ! mission>ies1 8w\ld expect  
to f9d su* a pleasant place 9 su* an    
unpleasant l&4 ,! c\ntry consi/s        
entirely ( bald rocks1 ?9ly int]sp]s$ ) 
spots & ve9s ( e>?1 or r s&4 ,b our     
h\se1 area1 g>d51 c4 look v regul> &    
dec5t1 & all ! adjac5t l& r\nd ab\t !   
place1 :]e once n a blade ( grass grew 9
 ! s&1 is n[ enrob$ ) ! mo/ beautiful   
foliage1 s t ,new-,h]rnhut may be call$ 
a g>d5 ( ! ,"l 9 a mo/ frightful        
wild]ness40 ,crantz1 vol4 i1 p4 #afb1   
#afc4 ,9 p4 #cii1 ( ! same volume1      
,crantz extols ! s(t beauty ( ?is little
 ,gre5l& village1 comp>$ ) ! rugg$      
/]ility ar\nd4 8,on ! spot10 says he1 8t
 =m]ly consi/$ ( no?+ b s&1 nay1 on ! v 
rocks1 gr[s n[ ! f9e/ grass1 ! gr\nd be+
 manur$ = s _m ye>s ) ! blood & fat ( _!
 seals4 ,& :5 ! ,gre5l&]s live 9 _! w9t]

 h\ses1 "o may see e ev5+1 yea1 ?r\gh\t 
! :ole night1 a beautiful illum9ation1  
:i* is ! m agreeable z ! h\ses /& 9 two 
p>allel l9es1 are ( equal height1 & h   
light 9 all ! w9d[s40  #ba ,accord+ to !
 relation & op9ion ( ^? ,gre5l&]s1 t    
inhabit ! gulf ( ,disco1 9 #fi1 ,gre5l& 
is an isl&1 :i* !y inf] f ! /rong curr5t
 t runs f ! ,nor?1 & keeps ! ice op5 ev5
 into ! mid/ ( ! sea3 !y w also tell y1 
!y h spok5 ) p diff]5t f !mselves on !  
o!r side ( ! ice1 & hail$ !m4 ,_!       
language1 !y say1 is ! same1 b ! p]sons 
diff]5t1 s t a small /rait only divides 
,gre5l& f ,am]ica4 ,! said /raits are s 
n>r[1 t m5 on bo? sides c %oot at once  
"o & ! same fi%4 ,! cont95t f>!/ to !   
,nor? is all cov]$ ) ice2 ! isl&s only  
uncov]$1 :]e re9 de]1 & also geese & o!r
 wild birds1 are f\nd 9 great numb]s4   
#bb ,hi/orians disagree ab\t ! "t ( !   
fir/ settlem5t ( ,gre5l&4 ,! ,icel&]s 7z
 we h m5tion$7 w h x to be 9 ! ye>      
#ihb-c4 ,b ,pontanus1 9 8 ,dani%        
,hi/ory1 ref]s x to ! ye> #ggj2 mak+ 8  

ass]tion good by a bull ( ,pope ,gregory
 ! ,i,vth1 :o 9 ! ye> #hce s5t to ,bi%op
 ,ansg>ius1 :]e9 ! propagation ( !      
,gospel is recomm5d$ to him1 z ar*bi%op 
( ! ,nor!rn ,c\ntries1 & especially (   
,icel& & ,gre5l&4  #bc ,! ,gre5l&]s     
relate a v ridicul\s /ory1 z well       
conc]n+ ! orig9 ( our colonies 7:om !y  
call by ! "n ( ,kablunt7 z ( _! total   
ov]?r[1 z foll[s3 a ,gre5l& woman1 9 h] 
*ild-be>+1 0 once deliv]$ ( ,kablunt &  
dogs' :elps1 ( :i* ! p>5ts 7 highly     
a%am$1 & = t reason )drew f _! neighb\rs
 & c\ntrym54 ,?is mon/r\s bre$ be+ gr[n 
up1 became s tr\blesome to _! fa!r1 t he
 0 n able to endure !m2 :]e=e he retir$ 
yet f>!r to "s di/ant place4 ,mean:ile  
?is inhuman race came to ?is horrible   
agreem5t among/ !mselves1 to dev\r _!   
own fa!r1 :5ev] he %\ld happ5 to come   
among !m2 :i* a little aft] came to     
pass1 :5 he visit$ !m ) a pres5t ( "s "p
 ( a seal1 :i* he _h tak51 accord+ to   
cu/om4 ,kablunt imm$iately w5t d[n to   
him1 to :om ! fa!r deliv]$ ! piece (    

seal's fle% he _h br\ght !m4 ,b he 0 no 
soon] got a%ore1 ?an ! doggi% race seiz$
 & dev\r$ him1 & !n ate ! seal's fle%   
giv5 !m4 ,:il/ ! ,kablunt dwell$ !re1 "o
 ( ! ,innuits 7or mank9d71 = s !y call  
!mselves1 came r[+ along ! %ore1 & ?r[+ 
8 d>t at "s sea f[l1 miss$ :at he aim$  
at2 :i* "o ( ! ,kablunt1 :o /ood ^u a   
po9t ( l& runn+ out into ! sea1 obs]v+1 
mock$ & ridicul$ him1 &1 lay+ himself   
d[n ^u ! gr\nd1 told him t z he saw he 0
 s dext]\s 9 %oot+1 he w\ld be ! bird2  
he might ?r[ ! d>t at him1 & take c>e n 
to miss him3 :]eupon ,innuit %ot & kill$
 him4 ,?is dea? caus$ cont9ual /rifes & 
w>s betwe5 ! ,kablunts & ,innuits1 :i*  
la/ at l5g? became ma/]s1 & ov]?rew !   
=m]4  #bd ,a ,gre5l&]1 :o came f ! mo/  
,s\!rn "p ( ! c\ntry ne> ! ,/ates       
,promontory1 told my son1 :5 he saw "s  
lemons 9 8 room1 t he _h se5 fruits mu* 
l ^? gr[+ ^u trees 9 8 c\ntry1 ?\gh !y 7
 f\r times less2 :i* ,i take to h be5 "s
 ( ^? acorns1 :i* ,i above took notice  
(1 treat+ ( ! nature ( ! soil4  #be ,!  

lamps & pots1 :i* ! ,s\!rn ,gre5l&]s    
make ( ?is m>ble1 are sold at a v high  
price2 s t ! natives ( ! ,nor!rn p>ts1  
:]e su* m>ble is n to be _h1 buy !m at !
 rate ( eight or t5 re9 de] sk9s a l>ge 
pot1 & a lamp at two or ?ree sk9s4  #bf 
,accord+ to :at ! natives tell1 !re is 9
 ! ,s\!rn p>ts a hot well1 ( a m9]al    
quality2 :i*1 if y wa% !re91 cures !    
it*2 !y wa% _! sk9s 9 x1 & x takes away 
all dirt & f\lness1 & makes !m look l   
new4  #bg ,9 ! #gf? degree ( latitude ! 
numb] ( be>s is s great1 t !y 9 droves  
surr\nd ! natives' habitations1 :o !n1 )
 _! dogs1 fall ^u !m1 & ) _! spe>s &    
lances kill !m4 ,9 w9t]1 in/ead ( d5s or
 caves "u ! e>?1 z 9 ,norway & o!r      
places1 "h ! be>s make !irs "u ! sn[2   
:i*1 accord+ to ! in=mation ! natives h 
giv5 me1 are made ) pill>s1 l /ately    
build+s4  #bh ,! f>!r y g ,nor?w>ds1 !  
seldom] y meet ) re9 de]1 except 9 !    
#c;d or #d? degree to ! ,nor? ( ,disco1 
:]e !y are 9 great numb]s2 p]haps by    
reason ei!r ( its jo9+ to ,am]ica1 or   

else because ! de] pass ov] to ! isl&s  
^u ! ice1 9 que/ ( food1 :i* ! ma9 l&1  
cov]$ ) ice & sn[1 does n af=d !m4 ,!   
natives1 in/ead ( reason1 give u a v    
*ildi% tale = ! va/ numb] ( re9 de] be+ 
f\nd ^u ,disco ,isl&1 z foll[s3--  ,a   
mighty ,gre5l&] 7"o ,torng>suk1 z !y    
call him1 :o is fa!r to an ugly         
frightful woman1 :o resides 9 ! l[]mo/  
region ( ! ,e>?1 & has comm& ov] all !  
animals ( ! sea1 z we %all see h]eaft]7 
did ) 8 ,kaj>1 t[ ?is isl& to ! place   
:]e x n[ lies1 f ! ,s\? :]e x 0 be=e4   
,n[1 z ! face ( ?is isl& resembles v mu*
 ! ,s\!rn coa/s1 & ! root angelica is   
likewise f\nd ^u x1 :i* gr[s n[h]e else 
9 ! neighb\r+ p>ts1 ?is confirms !m 9 _!
 cr$ulity4 ,& fur!rmore1 !y assure y1 t 
a hole is se5 to ?is day 9 ! isl&1 ?r\gh
 :i* ! t[+-rope _h be5 fa/5$ by         
,torng>suk4  #bi ,! above-m5tion$ au?or 
calls ! fir/ ( ^! mon/]s ,have/ramb1 or 
,m]-man1 & describes x to h ! lik5ess ( 
a man1 z to ! head1 face1 nose1 & m\?2  
save t its head 0 oblong & po9t$ l a    

sug>-loaf2 x has broad %\ld]s1 & two    
arms )\t h&s2 ! body d[nw>ds is slant+ &
 ?92 ! re/ bel[ ! middle1 be+ hid 9 !   
wat]1 c\ld n be obs]v$4 ,! second mon/] 
he calls ,m>gya1 or ,m]-woman1 or       
,m]maid1 _h f ! middle upw>ds ! %ape &  
c\nt5ance ( a woman2 a t]rible broad    
face1 a po9t$ =ehead1 wr9kl$ *eeks1 a   
wide m\?1 l>ge eyes1 black untrimm$     
hair1 & two great brea/s1 :i* %[$ h]    
sex2 %e has two long arms1 ) h&s & f+]s 
jo9$ toge!r ) a sk91 l ! feet ( a goose2
 bel[ ! middle %e is l a fi%1 ) a tail &
 f9s4 ,! fi%]m5 pret5d1 t :5 ^! sea     
mon/]s appe>1 x =ebodes /ormy wea!r4 ,! 
?ird mon/]1 nam$ ,hafgufa1 is s t]rible 
& frightful1 t ! au?or does n well "k h[
 to describe x2 & no wond]1 because he  
nev] _h any true relation ( x3 its %ape1
 l5g?1 & bulk1 seems to exce$ all size &
 measure4 ,!y t pret5d to h se5 x1 say1 
x appe>$ to !m m l a l& ?an a fi%1 or   
sea animal4 ,& z !re nev] has be5 se5   
above two ( !m 9 ! wide op5 sea1 !y     
conclude1 t !re c be no bre$ ( !m2 = if 

!y %\ld bre$ & multiply1 all ! re/ (    
fi%es mu/ be de/roy$ at la/1 _! va/ body
 want+ su* l>ge quantity ( n\ri%m5t4 ,:5
 ?is mon/] is hungry1 x is said to void 
?r\gh ! m\? "s matt] ( a sweet sc5t1 :i*
 p]fumes ! :ole sea2 & by ?is means x   
allures & draws all sorts ( fi%es &     
animals1 ev5 ! :ales to x1 :o 9 :ole    
droves flock ?i!r1 & run into ! wide    
op5$ swall[ ( ?is hide\s mon/]1 z into a
 :irlpool1 till its belly be well       
freight$ ) a copi\s load ( all sorts (  
fi%es & animals1 & !n x %uts ! swall[1 &
 has = ! :ole ye> en\gh to dige/ & live 
^u2 = x is said to make b "o l>ge meal a
 ye>4 ,?is1 ?\gh a v silly & absurd     
tale1 is nev]!less mat*$ by ano!r /ory1 
e :it z ridicul\s1 told by my own       
c\ntrym51 fi%]m5 9 ! ,nor!rn "p (       
,norway4 ,!y tell y1 t a great gha/ly   
sea mon/] n[ & !n appe>s 9 ! ma9 sea1   
:i* !y call ,krack51 & is no d\bt ! same
 t ! isl&]s call ,hafgufa1 ( :i* we h   
spok5 above4 ,!y say1 t its body rea*es 
sev]al miles 9 l5g?2 & t x is mo/ se5 9 

a calm2 :5 x comes out ( ! wat]1 x seems
 to cov] ! :ole surface ( ! sea1 hav+ _m
 heads & a numb] ( claws1 ) :i* x seizes
 all t comes 9 its way1 z fi%+ boats )  
m5 & all1 fi%es & animals1 & lets no?+  
escape2 all :i* x draws d[n to ! bottom 
( ! sea4 ,moreov] !y tell y t all sorts 
( fi%es flock toge!r ^u x1 z ^u a bank (
 ! sea1 & t _m fi%+ boats come ?i!r to  
cat* fi%1 n suspect+ t !y lie ^u su* a  
dreadful mon/]1 :i* !y at la/ und]/& by 
! intangl+ ( _! hooks & angles 9 its    
body2 :i* ! mon/] feel+1 rises s(tly f !
 bottom to ! surface1 & seizes !m all2  
if 9 "t !y d n p]ceive him & prev5t _!  
de/ruction1 :i* !y may easily d1 only   
call+ x by its "n1 :i* x no soon] he>s1 
b x s9ks d[n aga9 z s(tly z x did rise4 
,!y tell y ( ano!r sea spectre1 :i* !y  
call ! ,draw1 :o keeps to no con/ant    
%ape or figure1 b n[ appe>s 9 "o1 n[ 9  
ano!r4 ,x appe>s & is he>d be=e any     
mis=tunes1 z %ipwrecks & ! l1 happ5 at  
sea1 :i* x =ebodes ) a mo/ frightful &  
gha/ly h[l+2 & !y say x sometimes utt]s 

words l a man4 ,x mo/ commonly div]ts   
itself1 9 putt+ all ?+s out ( ord]1 aft]
 ! fi%]m5 are gone at night to re/2 & !n
 he leaves beh9d him a na/y /5*4 ,!     
fi%]m5 w n suff] ! tru? ( ?is tale to be
 que/ion$1 b pret5d x is confess$4 ,b ! 
mo/ sup]/iti\s among !m g yet a /ep     
f>!r1 & w make y believe1 t !re appe>s  
to !m ano!r k9d ( sea phantom1 9 ! %ape 
( a *ild 9 swadl+ clo!s1 :i* !y call    
,m>mel1 & sometimes draw him out ( ! sea
 ) _! angl+ hook1 :5 he speaks to !m ) a
 human voice4 ,!y c>ry him to _! home1 &
 at night !y put him into "o ( _! boots1
 !re to re/4 ,9 ! morn+1 :5 !y g a fi%+ 
aga91 !y take him along ) !m 9 _! boats1
 & be=e !y let him g1 !y set him a task 
to in=m !m ( all !y want to "k1 ^u :i*  
!y dismiss him4  #cj ,:at s _m au?ors ( 
great note relate ( ! wood ducks1 &     
affirm to be an unque/ionable tru?1 is  
by z _m le>n$ writ]s treat$ z an old    
woman's tale1 pret5d+ t su* an          
het]og5eal g5]ation passes ! ord9>y     
b\nds ( nature4  ,o!rs 79 consid]ation (

 s _m au?ors ( cr$it1 :o affirm t !y h  
be5 eye witnesses to ?is /range &       
wond]ful g5]ation7 h tak5 great pa9s to 
demon/rate ! causes & probability ( x   
physically & philosophically1 among/ :om
 is ! le>n$ fa!r ,kirk]us1 9 8 ,mundus  
,subt]raneus2 :]e he ma9ta9s1 t ! sem5 (
 ?is extraord9>y g5]ation is nei!r      
conta9$ 9 ^? old pieces ( wood1 t drive 
9 ! sea1 nor 9 ! muscles orig9ally2 = a 
piece ( wood _c produce a liv+ animal1  
?is exce$+ ! virtue nature has end[$ x  
)2 mu* less ! summ] fro? ( ! sea1 :i*   
adh]es to ! rott5 piece ( wood1 & may   
produce %ells or muscles4 ,!n he =ms !  
"q1 f :5ce comes ?is sem5 or se$1 :i*   
produces su* a /range fruit z a liv+    
bird8 :i* "q he /rives ?us to resolve2  
t1 :]eas he has be5 in=m$ by c]ta9      
,dut*m5's j\rnals or voyages into !     
,nor!rn seas1 t ?is sort ( birds1       
peculi> to t climate1 make _! ne/ & lay 
_! eggs ^u ! ice2 :5 ! ice by ! heat ( !
 sun ?aws & breaks asund]1 ?is          
innum]able quantity ( eggs are likewise 

ma%$ & cru%$ to pieces & beat5 ab\t by !
 waves2 & t if t "p ( ! egg1 :i* conta9s
 ! se$1 enc\nt]s any subject matt] prop]
 to fom5t & brood x1 & is receiv$ 9 x   
loco nutricis1 assi/$ by ! temp]am5t ( !
 air1 ! e>?1 or ! sea1 x becomes 9 due  
"t a p]fect bird4 ,?is is ! r5[n$ fa!r  
,kirk]us's notion conc]n+ ! g5]ation (  
^! birds4 ,b if "o exam9es 8 reason+1 x 
is f\nd altoge!r incoh]5t3 = x 0 nev]   
kn[n1 t sea f[ls lay _! eggs ^u ! nak$  
ice1 b commonly ^u ! isl&s & rocks 9 !  
sea1 :i* are surr\nd$ & sometimes cov]$ 
) ice2 & consequ5tly :5 ! ice breaks1 & 
drives away f ! isl&s1 ! eggs rema9 /ill
 9 _! ne/1 )\t receiv+ any hurt4 ,& ?us 
! ,dut* f\nd x at ,nova ,zembla1 9 ! ye>
 #aefi2 b :at !y saw 0 n ! "r sort (    
wood ducks1 b :at !y 9 ,norway call     
gield ducks2 = wood ducks nev] are se5  
to c\ple1 nor to lay or hat* _! eggs4   
,secondly1 x seems no less absurd to    
ma9ta91 t eggs1 aft] !y are ma%$ 9      
pieces1 & beat5 ab\t by ! waves1 reta9 z
 mu* sem9al virtue z w s]ve to procreate

 a bird4 ,f :5ce ,i inf]1 t ei!r !      
in=mation ! good fa!r _h got f ! ,dut*  
voyages 0 intirely gr\ndless1 or ?is    
pret5d$ g5]ation goes beyond ! b\nds (  
nature4 ,z to ! fir/ inf]5ce1 x is n    
impossible t ! au?ors :o relate ?is /ory
 may h be5 impos$ ^u by a common ?\gh   
false report ( vulg> & ignorant p2 z any
 "o may1 t takes a ?+ = grant$ ^u a b>e 
he>say1 )\t ! atte/ation ( eye witnesses
 9 su* a matt]4 ,= my "p ,i d n d\bt at 
all ( ?is wond]ful g5]ation2 = ?\gh ,i h
 n beheld x ) my own eyes1 yet ,i h met 
) _m hone/ & reasonable m5 9 my native  
c\ntry1 :o h assur$ me1 t !y h f\nd     
pieces ( old1 rott51 driv5 wood 9 ! sea1
 ^u :i* !re hang muscles1 9 "s ( :i* !y 
saw "y birds1 "s half =m$1 o!rs 9 full  
p]fection & %ape4 ,f :5ce ,i conclude1 t
 ^? f[ls spr+ f no o!r se$ ?an "s clammy
 & visc\s matt] float+ 9 ! sea1         
precipitat$ ^u pieces ( old rott5 wood z
 a=esaid2 ( :i* !re is fir/ =m$ a       
muscle1 & !n a little worm 9 ! muscle   
%ell2 f :5ce at la/ a bird proce$s4 ,&  

al?\gh ?is may seem to exce$ ! ord9>y   
b\nds set by nature 9 ! procreation (   
o!r birds1 yet x is obs]v$ & confess$1 t
 ! sea produces _m /range & surpris+    
?+s1 & ev5 liv+ animals1 :i* we _c      
affirm to h _h be+ f ! fir/ creation2 b 
t by virtue ( ! primitive bless+ ,god   
gave ! sea to produce1 x may yet br+ =? 
_m uncommon & wond]ful ?+s2 z = example1
 _m sorts ( sea insects1 viz4 crabs & ! 
l4 ,& ?us ! sea or wat] 9 g5]al may )   
reason be /il$ pat] et mat] r]um2 i4 e4 
8! common p>5t ( ?+s40 ,nature seems to 
delight sometimes 9 =m+ out-(-!-way ?+s3
 ?us we see div]s insects =m$ out ( ! v 
dung ( animals2 "s ( :i* insects (t5    
*ange _! k9d & %ape1 viz4 f a small worm
 into a fly+ animal2 z flies1 beetles1  
butt]flies1 & s =?4  #ca ,:5 !y see our 
drunk5 sailors qu>rell+ & fight+ toge!r1
 !y say we are inhuman2 t ^? fight]s d n
 look ^u "o ano!r to be ( ! same k9d4   
,likewise1 if an (fic] beats any ( ! m51
 !y say1 su* (fic] treats 8 fell[       
creatures l dogs4  #cb ,! way ! m5 wa%  

!mselves is to lick _! f+]s 7z ! cat    
does 8 paws7 & rub _! eyes ) !m to get !
 salt (f1 :i* ! sea ?r[s into _! face4  
,! wom5 wa% !mselves 9 _! ur9e1 t _!    
hair may gr[1 & to give x 7accord+ to _!
 fancy7 a f9e smell4 ,:5 a maid5 has ?us
 wa%$ h]self1 _! common say+ is         
nivi>si>suan]ks1 t is1 %e smells l a    
virg9 maid4 ,?us wa%$ !y g into ! cold  
air1 & let x freeze1 :i* %[s ! /r5g? (  
_! heads1 & x well becomes =eign]s to d 
s4  #cc ,9 ! summ] !y we> %ort frocks1 z
 also 9 w9t]1 :5 !y "w on ! ice 9 !     
bays2 b !n !y put a :ite cov]+ ov] x1 t 
!y may n fright5 ! seals4  #cd ,:5 a man
 s5ds = 8 son's bride1 to be conduct$ to
 8 h\se1 if he be 9 good circum/ances he
 makes a great fea/2 & ?r[s out = prizes
 sev]al pres5ts ( poles1 rafts1 knives1 
& o!r toys4 ,! same is practis$ ! day   
foll[+ aft] ! b$d+ ( ! new-m>ri$ c\ple4 
,if !y h *ildr5 be=e ! ye> is pa/1 or if
 !y (t5 bre$1 !y are blam$1 & comp>$ to 
dogs4 ,a new m>ri$ woman is a%am$ = hav+
 *ang$ h] condition = a m>ri$ /ate4  #ce

 ,9 its inflections x agrees ) !        
,hebrew4  #cf ,! angekuts say t s\ls are
 a s(t matt] to feel1 or r t !y _c be   
felt1 z if !y _h nei!r s9ews nor bones4 
#cg ,! ,innu1 or inhabitants ( ! sea1 !y
 call ,kongeus]okit2 ( :om !y say1 t !y 
fe$ ^u fox tails4 ,+n]soit1 a sort ( sea
 sprites1 :i* inhabit ! rocks t lie ^u !
 coa/2 :i*1 !y tell y1 w c>ry away !    
,gre5l&]s1 n to d !m any h>m1 b to enjoy
 _! company4 ,tunn]soit are phantoms    
liv+ 9 ! m\nta9s2 & ,ign]soit1 or fi]y  
sprites 7because !y appe> to be all ov] 
fire7 live ne> ! %ore1 9 /eep & craggy  
cliffs4 ,?is is t meteor :i* we call !  
,fly+ ,dragon4 ,innu>olit !y pret5d to  
be a p ( a dw>fi% size1 l pigmies1 & are
 said to inhabit ! ,ea/ side ( ,gre5l&4 
,erkiglit1 on ! contr>y1 are said to be 
a nation ( a huge & mon/r\s size1 )     
sn\ts l dogs2 !y are likewise said to   
dwell on ! ,ea/ side4 ,sillagiksortok1 a
 _s1 :o makes fair wea!r1 & lives ^u !  
ice m\nta9s4 ,n]rim ,innua1 or ! rul] ( 
diet1 because he prescribes rules = !   

diet or eat+ ( ^? t are oblig$ to keep  
ab/95ce4 ,!y ascribe also "s sort (     
div9ity to ! air1 & = fe> ( (f5d+ x !y w
 refra9 f c]ta9 ?+s & actions2 = :i*    
reason !y are afraid to g out 9 ! op5   
air 9 ! d>k4  #ch ,:ile angekkuts are   
conjur+1 nobody mu/ scrat* 8 head1 nor  
sleep1 nor break w9d2 = !y say1 t su* a 
d>t c kill ! en*ant]s1 nay ! devil      
himself4 ,aft] a conjuration has be5    
p]=m$1 !re is a vacancy f work+ = ?ree  
or f\r days4  #ci ,argnakagl]toko1 a    
woman t lives by rule1 !y say1 c lay !  
/orm1 by go+ out ( doors & fill+ h] m\? 
) air1 & com+ back into ! h\se1 bl[s x  
out aga94 ,if %e cat*es ! ra9 drops ) h]
 m\?1 x w be dry wea!r2 & o!r /range    
effects !y ascribe to h]4  #dj ,a ^w n  
kn[n to me 9 ! ,dani% tongue4  #da ,o!rs
 say1 t a huge dog wat*es ! entry1 &    
gives w>n+1 :5 an angekkok attempts to  
get 91 & def5ds ! entry4 ,:]e=e !       
angekkok mu/ wat* ! m9ute1 t ! dog falls
 asleep 7:i* la/s b a mom5t71 to /eal 9 
^u h]4 ,?is mom5t nobody kn[s b an      

angekkok poglik2 :]e=e ! o!r angekkuts  
(t5 return home aga9 )\t success4 ,?is  
frightful woman is said to h a h& z big 
z ! tail ( a :ale1 ) :i*1 if %e hits any
 body1 he is at "o /roke m\se-dead4 ,b  
if ! angekkok conqu]s h] 7:i* he does if
 he c get at h] agl]rutut1 :i* hang     
dangl+ ab\t h] face1 & rob h] ( !m7 !n  
%e mu/ dis*>ge all fi%es & sea animals1 
:i* %e has deta9$ 9 captivity2 :o       
!reupon return to _! wont$ /ations 9 !  
sea4  #db ,!y assign ! ,moon a h\se 9 ! 
,we/]n "p ( ! _w1 :]e he is (t5 visit$ &
 resort$ to by ! angekkuts4 ,& ! ,sun1  
!y say1 has h] abode 9 ! ,ea/2 b %e is  
inaccessible on acc\nt ( h] heat1 :i*   
keeps ! angekkuts at a di/ance2 at :i*  
%e is sorely griev$1 because %e _c le>n 
by !m h[ matt]s /& ^u ,e>?4             
,typographical errors correct$ by !     
etext transcrib]3  ,=bi%] ,frobi%] x #e 
no su* pi]c+ or s++ %>pness no su* pi]c+
 or /++ %>pness pg #ef  l a cres5t l a  
cresc5t pg #fh  fir+ ( great gnns fir+ (
 great guns pg #fi  8 m\? 8 arm$ 8 m\?  

is arm$ pg #hb  ,8 l5g? 8 five ,8 l5g?  
is five pg #hb  come up to to ! hole    
come up to ! hole pg #ajd  sea dogs1 :o 
m\nt ! ! gu>d sea dogs1 :o m\nt ! gu>d  
pg #bjb  ,none c c get admittance ,none 
c get admittance pg #bjb  ,ou il se fait
 gr&e ,o il se fait gr&e note1 pg xxviii