,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,am]ican ,,bee-,,keep] ,,publi%$ ,,mon?ly ,,by ,,! ,w ,t ,,falcon] ,,manfg ,,co ,,vol4 ,,ii4 ,,m>*1 #ahib4 ,,no4 #c4 ,h9ts to ,beg9n]s 9 ,bee ,culture4 ,,by ,h4 ,m4 ,,dewitt4 ,?is is ! mon? t we %\ld beg9 to fe$ & build up our bees1 especially our weak colonies1 & to get !m ready = ! honey h>ve/4 ,comm5ce by giv+ !m "o half p9t ?9 sug> syrup ea* day2 d n fe$ !m 9 ! daytime1 fe$ !m at night & !y w h all ! fe$ tak5 d[n be=e ! next morn+4 ,?is w />t !m to re>+ brood rapidly & by ! "t ! honey h>ve/ arrives !y w be /rong & ov]fl[+ ) bees ready = x4 ,make b a limit$ numb] ( sw>ms & make !m /rong & e>ly4 ,late natural sw>ms %\ld be return$ to ! p>5t hive1 ab\t tw5ty-f\r h\rs aft] hiv+ !m4 ,! colonies t "w freely on r$ clov] %\ld be us$ z bre$]s 9 pref]5ce to o!rs z ! tongues ( ^! bees are evid5tly long]4 ,! old que5 always goes ) ! fir/ sw>m unless %e is unable to fly4 ,:5 mak+ artificial sw>ms raise y\r que5s & drones f ! be/ colonies4 ,a que5less colony w raise que5s at once if x has l>vae less ?an ?ree days old & ^! que5s w hat* )9 #aj to #ab days4 ,if y give y\r bees a good supply ( empty combs be=e ! beg9n+ ( ! honey crop & keep !m at "w !y w r>ely sw>m4 ,b if !y once f9d !mselves cr[d$ & get ! sw>m+ fev]1 no?+ w keep !m f sw>m+4 ,! honey h>ve/ la/s b a few weeks1 s y mu/ be ready = x4 8,make hay :ile ! sun %9es40 ,:5 hiv+ a sw>m give !m a hive full ( work] comb1 or comb f\ndation if possible1 or else give !m n>r[ /ripes = guides1 b d n give !m a hive p>tly fill$ ) comb1 z !y w\ld be sure to build a great deal ( drone comb 9 ! rema9+ space4 ,,bee ,,di>rhea1 ,,f\l ,,brood1 ,,etc4 ,bee di>rhea 9 ! latt] "p ( w9t] & e>ly spr+ is a malady t effects "s api>ies4 ,! bees dis*>ge _! excrem5ts ov] ! hives & combs1 produc+ a d>k appe>ance & (f5sive odor4 ,! cause is ei!r f]m5t$ honey1 improp] food1 long conf9em5t1 or too w>m & poorly v5tilat$ qu>t]s4 ,give !m good capp$ honey & a cleans+ flight4 ,if too cold = ?is out-(-doors take !m into a w>m room1 make a box1 ) ! front & top made ( wire clo?1 or mosquito nett+1 adju/ x to ! entrance1 s t ! bees mu/ ent] x on leav+ ! hive4 ,?is w usually prove an effectual rem$y4 ,,f\l ,,brood4 ,f\l brood is ! rott+ ( brood 9 a hive2 ! caps ( ! seal$ brood appe> ind5t$ & %rivel$ & ! l>vae & "y bees 9 unseal$ cells become putrid1 emitt+ a disgu/+ /5* or smell4 ,:5 ! disease has a firm hold1 ev5 ?\gh x may be possible to cure x1 ,i w\ld advise ! total de/ruction by fire ( ! bees1 combs1 frames & hives1 ) ev]y?+ :i* might h>bor ! disease4 ,9 its prim>y /ages x c be cur$ 9 ?is way3 ,) an atomiz] spray ! hives1 bees1 brood1 honey & combs ) a solution ( salicylic acid1 borax & ra9 wat]1 repeat$ on ! six? day4 ,remove ! diseas$ brood f ! hive & give !m capp$ honey1 if n too f> advanc$ ?is may give relief4 ,!re is ano!r plan1 :i* is z foll[s3 ,take a clean new hive ) new1 clean frames1 fill x ) comb f\ndation1 take & run all ! bees out ( ! diseas$ hive into ! clean "o1 d ?is 9 ! ev5+ & z soon z ! bees are all 9 close ! entrance ) wire clo?1 keep !m conf9$ = =ty-eight h\rs until !y h consum$ all ! honey 9 _! sacks 9 build+ comb4 ,at ! end ( =ty-eight h\rs op5 ! entrance & let !m fly if !y wi%1 fe$ !m a little sug> syrup e night = ab\t a week1 & if ! honey season is ov]1 or1 if ?is is done dur+ a de>? ( honey y %\ld fe$ !m regul>ly s z n to let !m />ve4 ,i _h ! disease 9 my api>y ! pa/ season & ?is is ! plan ,i us$ to cure x4 ,my bees are z heal?y n[ z z if !y _h nev] _h x4 ,sunny ,side1 ,md4 ,! in/ructions :i* fri5d ,dewitt gives 9 ! fir/ "p ( ! =ego+ article w apply ?is mon? only to ! m s\!rn localities4 ,"h 9 ! ,nor? ! hives 9 _m places are /ill cov]$ ) sn[ & ! bees %\ld n be di/urb$ until spr+ has unmi/akably arriv$4--,,ed4 ,new ,inv5tions4 ,,by ,,john ,f4 ,,gates4 ,! "q has be5 ask$ 8,are we drift+ f our moor+s40 ,i us$ to ?9k t we %\ld n1 b if all bee-keep]s an*or$ to "o idea !re w\ld be no improvem5ts4 ,:ile x is safe to our own pockets to be cons]vative1 yet no class has done m to advance ! int]e/s ( ! bee-keep]s ?an ^? :o exp]im5t1 & seem n to be satisfi$ ) _! pres5t condition4 ,_h ! inv5tors ( ! ,monitor be5 cont5t$ ) wood5 w> %ips our great ,am]ican ,republic w\ld h be5 divid$4 ,_h we all be5 cont5t ) /age coa*es :]e w\ld our railroads h be58 ,_h ,edison pref]r$ to sit at 8 telegraph in/rum5t we %\ld n[ be )\t 8 ma/] ideas4 ,?is onw>d impell+ =ce 9 ,am]icans has s\ght out s _m good ?+s 9 ! la/ fifty ye>s t ,i h n space to tell !m4 ,"s rejoice 9 real improvem5ts4 ,well1 we c't gr9d out out a gri/ ( real improvem5ts to ord]4 ,we h _m disc\ragem5ts & losses be=e we succe$ 9 turn+ out "o4 ,_m ( ^! inv5tions mu/ be te/$ by bee-keep]s be=e a true v]dict c be giv51 & we %\ld all be will+ to l5d a h& to be "o ( ! great jury 9 ! discussion ( ^! cases z !y are br\ght be=e u by our lead]s2 ! inv5tors4 ,yet :ile ! te/] goes h& & h& ) ! inv5tor1 ea* wat*+ ! o!rs movem5ts1 ea* help+ ! o!r to discov] & rectify mi/akes4 ,x is too true t _m good inv5tions h be5 swamp$ & = ye>s laid dormant :5 !y might h be5 9 use1 simply = ! lack ( wisdom to guide u to small exp]im5ts fir/4 ,yes1 !re seems to be too mu* ru%1 new ?+s c't be te/$ 9 a hurry4 ,to *ange an av]age api>y all at once to "s new mode ( managem5t1 or new /yle ( hive1 ev5 if ! hives 7 giv5 to u1 w\ld be unwise4 ,b add ! co/ ( hives & fixtures :i* ! *ange involves ) ! loss :i* "o is sure to meet ) = a "t "u any new arrangem5t1 & c we wond] t !re is s little confid5ce plac$ 9 inv5tions or ! inv5tors4 ,/ill _h we gone m sl[ly1 te/$ m c>efully1 & on a small] scale & giv5 ourselves m "t to sum up ! evid5ce1 no d\bt _m times our v]dict w\ld bless in/ead ( curse ! inv5tor4 ,no d\bt !re are inv5tors :o abuse "o's confid5ce1 b !y too well h b little *ance to deceive u if we g sl[4 ,we c *ange too mu*1 & aga9 too little4 ,i am aw>e t ,i h miss$ "s good opportunities by be+ a little too set 9 my ways1 & ,i h _h too little *>ity = improvem5ts2 m$ium gr\nd is safe gr\nd on :i* to /&4 ,we %\ld wat* ! signs ( ! times & n jump conclusions1 nor bite at all t takes our fancy1 nor kick at all t we despise1 we ought always to review1 draw conclusions & wat* v closely :at ! mass ( bee-keep]s seem to favor1 or decide ^u4 ,if we are good read]s ( indications we ne$ nev] get left1 & (t5 c g across lots1 ?us rea*+ ! head ( ! procession1 b be sure we "k ! way across else bett] we _h gone ar\nd4 ,ovid1 ,erie ,c\nty1 ,pa4 ,:at ,i ,h ,obs]v$1 ,etc4 ,,by ,t4 ,k4 ,,massie4 7,conclud$47 ,9 ! la/ article ,i promis$ to give "s evid5ce confirm+ my conclusions1 b be=e do+ s ,i want to say a ^w 9 reg>d to 8l>ge vs4 small hives40 ,9 ! discussion ( ! subject 9 ! diff]5t bee j\rnals f "t to "t1 ,i neglect$ to note ! size ( ! frame us$ by ! advocates ( a l>ge hive1 b ,i imag9e !y use a deep] frame ?an ! 8,l10 & if s !y are evid5tly "r 9 advocat+ a l>ge hive1 = su* a hive w\ld be bett] proportion$1 & w\ld con=m ne>] to ! natural requirem5ts ( ! bees ?an a small hive ) %all[ frames4 ,9 ,glean+s = ,july #ae?1 page #eec1 fri5d ,c4 ,j4 ,h4 ,grav5hur/1 9 speak+ ( 8h&l+ hives in/ead ( frames10 hits on ! same ideas giv5 9 ^! articles 9 reg>d to ! w9t] problem4 ,he tells u t ! bees w9t] bett] 9 ! /raw skeps ?an !y d 9 ! movable frame hives1 z made & us$ at pres5t4 ,?is is because ! bees 9 ! skeps h _! hives propoli%$ ov]head :i* prev5ts upw>d v5tilation & keeps ! bees dry4 ,he also says he gets m honey ) less labor & co/2 !n he %[s h[ he s\ght to comb9e ! skeps ) ! movable frame hive1 advocat+ ab\t ! same advantages t ,i h giv5 9 ^! articles4 ,b ! mo/ cl9*+ argum5ts 9 favor ( do+ away ) ! useless ,hill device c41 is f\nd 9 ,erne/ ,r4 ,root's review ( ,g4 ,r4 ,pi]ce's book1 8,! ,w9t] ,problem 9 ,bee-,keep+10 :i* appe>$ 9 ,glean+s = ,decemb] #af1 '#ia1 page #ieb4 ,mr4 ,pi]ce says ! poll5 !ory is n ! cause ( di>rhea2 t di>rhea 9 bees is caus$ by cold & lack ( /ores1 & is only inte/9al cat>rh4 ,*aff cu%ions1 or o!r por\s mat]ial ov] a seal$ cov] are all "r & s]ve a good purpose4 ,mr4 ,pi]ce is a ?or\gh advocate ( protection & pack+ ar\nd ! bees2 b ! cov] mu/ be seal$ d[n t no heat c escape into ! pack+ above4 ,9 ! fir/ ( ?is s]ies ( articles ,i took ?is same position4 ,i said 8,!re=e ,i h drawn ! conclusion t a ?9 wall$ hive1 protect$ by a movable w9t] case1 & pack$ on all sides ) a cu%ion made ( felt & fill$ ) "s non-conduct+ mat]ial--"o t w prev5t all radiation ( heat w be be/0--&1 9 sub/ance1 t we c\ld remove cases & pack+ on w>m days & h our hives purifi$ by ! sun & air & protect our bees by wrapp+ !m up ) ! w>m cu%ions & prev5t ! radiation ( heat at night4 ,9 ! second article 7,see ,,am]ican ,,bee-,,keep]1 page #afd7 ,i said ! 8poll50 !ory1 & upw>d v5tilation1 cut no figure 9 ! w9t] problem 9 my locality4 ,n[ if we place a ?9 bo>d d[n solid on ! top b>s ( our brood frames e>ly en\gh 9 ! fall = ! bees to glue up ! crevices & ?us prev5t all air curr5ts f pass+ up ?r\gh our hives1 we aga9 get ev5 ) our box hive bre?r51 & :5 we prev5t all radiation ( heat by plac+ a cu%ion on top ( ?is bo>d1 ! same z we d ! sides4 ,& fur!r1 9 spr+ & e>ly summ]1 :5 we give our bees j ! v5tilation requir$ by rais+ ?is bo>d1 we are ano!r long /ep ahead ( !m4 ,9 ! w9t] ( #ahia ,i _h ,! ,w4 ,t4 ,falcon] ,manf'g4' ,co4 make = me clos$ end frames ) w9t] passages ?r\gh ! top b>s1 & bo>ds to be seal$ d[n = ! purpose ( c>ry+ out my plan z giv5 above4 8,erne/0 tells u ( 8 exp]im5ts 9 us+ ?9 bo>ds & pieces ( glass imb$d$ ) :ite lead pa/e1 z x 0 too cold = ! bees to seal !m d[n ) propolis4 ,"u ! glass he plac$ a !rmomet]1 :i*1 :5 ! wea!r outside 9 ! w9d 0 t5 degrees above z]o1 regi/]$ #de to #ej1 & 8! hive 0 p]fectly dry inside40 ,^! are valuable exp]im5ts 9 ! "r l9e4 ,my ideas1 z x is pla9 to be se51 7 giv5 to ! public be=e fri5d ,pi]ce's book made its appe>ance1 & be=e 8,erne/0 tri$ any exp]im5ts on ?is plan4 ,on page #eib ( ,glean+s1 ,l4 ,/a*elhaus5 tells u t hav+ f\nd out ! advantages ( clos$ end frames1 he w use no o!r4 ,! clos$ end frames h only to be giv5 a fair trial to prove _! sup]iority ov] all hang+ frames4 ,all ! 8rattle traps & nuisances0 ,i h m5tion$ 9 ^! articles w soon give way to some?+ bett] & m simple4 ,fri5d ,l[ry ,johnson also is ( my way ( ?9k+1 z 8 article 9 ! ,,am]ican ,,bee-,,keep] = ,decemb]1 '#ia1 page #ahb1 w %[4 ,also ,bro!r ,quigley ( ! ,miss\ri ,bee-,keep]1 is advis+ 8 read]s t a bo>d seal$ d[n on top ( frames is bett] = w9t]+ ?an cu%ions next to ! bees4 ,see 8 answ] to a correspond5t to 8 pap]1 page #add4 ,^! articles end "h1 b ,i w\ld l ! op9ion ( ! read] on ! po9ts tak5 9 !m4 ,concord ,*ur*1 ,w4 ,va4 ,a ,talk on ,bee ,hives--,fix$ ,races--,honey ,crops1 ,etc4 ,,by ,s4 ,l4 ,,watk9s4 ,! production ( honey is ! pr9cipal object t a beg9n] has 9 view :5 he contemplates />t+ 9 ! api>ian bus9ess4 ,( c\rse1 he g5]ally buys a few box hives & does ! transf]r+ himself2 :i* ,i ?9k is a good idea1 z he ga9s consid]able k ( ! inside ( a bee-hive & ( h&l+ bees4 ,be=e he inve/s 9 bees1 he g5]ally buys & reads a c\ple ( bee books & obta9s a few catalogues ( lead+ api>ian manufactures1 to see :at /yle ( hive is be/4 ,if he is gift$ ) an av]age insight into ! my/]y ( common ?+s1 he w quickly *oose ! hive & sy/em t are mo/ univ]sally us$1 & w /ick to t sy/em1 & n9e *ances 9 t5 he w make a success ( 8 bee bus9ess4 ,if1 h[ev]1 he is gift$ ) a volatile nature1 he w n be satisfi$ until he has eight or t5 diff]5t /yle hives 9 8 api>y at "o "t1 & w sp5d all ! money he makes 9 try+ new api>ian fixtures1 until he f9ally gives ! bee bus9ess up 9 disgu/4 ,i d n mean to say t all new bee hives are useless--f> f x2 b g5]ally speak+1 !re is a flood ( new /yle bee hives on ! m>ket :i* are miracul\sly complicat$ & conta9 num]\s p>aph]nalia 9 ! way ( w$ges1 glass doors1 clasps1 useless bee spaces & o!r ornam5ts n wor?y ( m5tion4 ,a hive t is too complicat$ w nev] come into g5]al use4 ,competition 9 ! honey bus9ess requires t we use ! *eape/ appliances1 comb9$ ) ! greate/ excell5ces4 ,"h 9 ?is /ate 7,cali=nia7 :]e honey is s *eap1 x w\ld be folly to sp5d #h4jj = a bee-hive1 because a #a4ej hive w answ] e purpose equally z well1 ! hive does n make any diff]5ce 9 ! am\nt ( honey ga!r$1 bees w /ore z mu* honey 9 a box hive z 9 any frame hive ev] devis$2 ! que5 & race ( bees make ! diff]5ce 9 ! am\nt ( surplus ga!r$4 ,! simplicity hive1 ) its v>i\s modifications1 is ! hive t gives ! be/ satisfaction among advanc$ api>i/s1 & :5 us$ ) ! ,h(fman frames x is h>d to beat4 ,to p]sons :o contemplate />t+ out-api>ies1 ! ,h(fman frame (f]s v sup]ior advantages4 ,my op9ion is1 t bee-keep]s :o keep out-api>ies1 & :o move bees consid]ably1 w 9 "t settle d[n to ! fix$ frame4 ,i %all no d\bt exp]im5t consid]ably ) fix$ frames ! next few seasons4 ,9 ,v5tura c\nty ?is /ate1 ! bee-keep]s h adopt$ ! ,lang/ro? z ! /&>d frame1 & !re is some?+ l #a1fjj hives 9 t c\nty1 :i* produce annually ab\t #fj1jjj wor? ( honey4 ,! "o p\nd section is rapidly ga9+ favor ) ! progressive api>i/s ( ?is /ate1 & are fa/ sup]s$+ ! old ,h>b9son two p\nd section4 ,our honey crop "h la/ season 0 ab\t "o f\r? ( a crop4 ,9 ! upp] ,si]ras1 at an elevation ( #c1jjj feet & upw>ds1 !re 0 a good crop4 ,"s honey plants yield$ well4 ,9 all ext5sively irrigat$ di/ricts bees did pretty well because ( ! abundance ( alfalfa gr[n4 ,reports f ,antelope ,valley /ate t 9 t section ! honey crop 0 f> bett] ?an usual1 #bjj to #djj lbs4 to ! colony = entire api>ies be+ ! yield4 ,! ,italian race ( honey bees ,i h tri$ pretty ext5sively1 & f\nd !m to be v good1 b ,i l ! ,c>9olans bett]4 ,i ?9k !y are a fix$ race2 ! ,italians are n4 ,9 an api>y compos$ ( ,italian & hybrids if a ,c>9olan que5 be introduc$ & ! ,c>9olans !n be left to reproduce !mselves naturally !y w hold _! own = hundr$s ( g5]ations be=e _! m>k+s w beg9 to be elim9at$4 ,place a colony ( ,c>9olans 9 an isolat$ location1 & all[ natural bre$+1 & 9 t5 ye>s !y w n det]iorate a s+le bit2 b take a colony ( ,italians1 & all[ natural bre$+ & 9 a ye> or two we h no?+ b common black1 or v poor hybrid bees2 ?us prov+ conclusively t ! ,italians are n a fix$ race4 ,grizzly ,flats1 ,cal4 ,a ,few ,words to ,beg9n]s4 ,,by ,t4 ,k4 ,,massie4 ,z ,,! ,,am]ican ,,bee-,,keep] is publi%$ 9 ! int]e/ ( beg9n]s1 all[ me to say to !m t ! fir/ ?+ to be le>n$ is ! fact t no set rules c be giv5 to suit ev]yone "u all ! v>y+ conditions ( climate1 location1 etc41 & t ev]yone mu/ use intellig5ce & make rules to suit 8 own individual case--mu/ make a vigor\s use ( 8 own 8?9k %op40 ,he mu/ ?or\ghly acqua9t himself ) ! flora ( 8 location2 he mu/ "k :5 ! honey fl[ is likely to comm5ce & end1 & mu/ manipulate 8 bees to suit t "t4 ,fri5d ,doolittle's advice to manipulate our bees at ! prop] "t _c be too /rongly impress$ ^u ! m9ds ( beg9n]s4 ,9 my locality we h two honey fl[s ea* ye>4 ,! e>ly fl[ la/ season end$ on ! #bd? day ( ,july1 ! fall fl[ comm5c$ on ! #af? ( ,septemb]4 ,!re 0 a de>? f ,july #bd? to ,septemb] #af1 ( #ec days4 ,a hive full ( bees dur+ ^! #ec days are n only ( no use to me b a positive disadvantage4 ,!y are only consum]s & n honey ga!r]s because !re is no honey to be ga!r$4 ,reason w\ld dictate to me t ,i mu/ use e means 9 my p[] to build up my colonies z /rong z possible f e>ly 9 ! spr+ to )9 #ce days ( ! end ( ! honey fl[1 or ab\t ! #ai? ( ,june1 t ab\t ?is "t1 c]ta9ly n lat] ?an ,june #be?1 ,i mu/ re/rict my que5 to z few frames z possible1 s z to h b few bees dur+ ! #ec days ( de>?4 7,i base my calculation ^u ! fact t #ba days are requir$ = ! egg to hat* & !n ! bee mu/ be #ad days old be=e x becomes a =ag]47 ,n[ ,i wi% to say emphatically t e "o ^: location is simil> to m9e mu/ practice re/riction or 8 honey crop w be a failure e "t4 ,aga9 by ! #af? ( ,septemb]4 ,i want my hives z full ( bees z possible ready = ! fall fl[4 ,!n go+ back #ce days f ,septemb] #af? takes me to ,augu/ #ab?1 ! day on :i* ! eggs mu/ be laid = ! bees to h hat*$ out1 ready = ! beg9n+ ( ! fall fl[4 ,b z ! que5s c\ld n "u any circum/ances fill ! hives full ( eggs on ! #ab? day ( ,augu/1 7or any o!r "o day = t matt]17 reason w\ld aga9 tell me t ,i mu/ remove ! re/rictions f my que5s two or ?ree weeks be=e1 or1 say ,july #bd? to ,augu/ #a/1 & !n /imulate brood re>+4 ,if ! beg9n] fails to foll[ ?is plan he w c]ta9ly get no surplus fall crop4 ,we mu/ also make sure t ea* colony conta9s a good prolific que54 ,bro!r ,dem>ee's 8,practical h9ts 9 ,bee ,culture0 on page #agi1 ,,am]ican ,,bee-,,keep]1 is timely & %\ld be read & /udi$ until p]fectly famili> ) e 8h9t0 he has giv54 ,:5 he speaks ( ! bees 8cr[d+ ! que50 be+ simply an ef=t on ! "p ( nature to assi/ ! bees by curtail+ brood re>+ dur+ ! honey fl[ he is c]ta9ly correct1 yet1 by re/rict+ our que5s z ,i h sugge/$ above we accompli% ! same end1 provid$ ! re/riction is p]=m$ at ! "r "t4 ,:5 he speaks ( giv+ 8 colonies1 aft] sw>m+1 a que5 cell in/ead ( a lay+ que51 z "s 8innoc5t bee m50 _h writt5 him1 he gives a 8h9t0 t %\ld be well & long rememb]$4 ,by ?is plan he also assi/s ! bees 9 curtail+ brood re>+1 :5 su* brood w\ld hat* out bees t w\ld be consum]s in/ead ( honey ga!r]s4 ,8 article on 8,conc5tration ( ,=ces0 9 ,bee-,keep]s ,guide = ,decemb]1 #ahia1 page #cef1 is wor? ! price ( t pap] = sev]al ye>s4 8,conc5tration ( =ces0 is 8 rem$y aga9/ poor honey seasons4 ,8 plan ( 8conc5trat+ =ces0 c be easily c>ri$ out 9 connection ) ! sugge/ions ,i h giv54 ,he says 8n a sw>m %\ld be all[$ to issue40 ,he accompli%es ?is by "o s+le manipulation1 :i* is simple & easy1 & p]=m$ 8j at ! comm5cem5t ( ! honey season1 & be=e any sw>ms issue40 ,all ! colonies /rong en\gh to ca/ sw>ms are treat$ on ! foll[+3 ,,plan4 8,all ! combs conta9+ brood are remov$ f ! brood *amb]1 except "o t conta9s b a small am\nt ( unseal$ brood & eggs4 ,?is is left 9 ! brood *amb] ) ! que5 on x4 ,if %e is n f\nd on x %e mu/ be hunt$ up & put ^u ?is comb4 ,! brood *amb] is n[ fill$ out ) empty combs & a que5 exclud] is plac$ on its top4 ,! combs conta9+ brood are adju/$ 9 a sup] or hive body1 & if !y d n fill x1 x is fill$ out ) empty combs4 ,x n[ goes on top ( ! brood *amb] ) ! que5 exclud] betwe54 ,we n[ h all ! brood above ! exclud]1 except :at is 9 ! comb ) ! que5 on x bel[ ! exclud]4 ,y n[ h no?+ to d b to 8turn up0 to suit ! season4 ,treat+ all colonies 9 ?is way ! season w h to be m ?an usually ext5d$ if !re is a s+le sw>m4 ,colonies treat$ 9 ?is way are ! /ronge/ colonies ,i ev] h&l$1 & ,i nev] se5 a season s b>r5 ( nect> t !y fail to fill ! combs above ! exclud] by ! "t all ! brood !y conta9 are hat*$ out1 & if ! season is a good "o !y w surprise ! natives & make y uneasy ab\t ! safety ( y\r honey floor1 l m9e did me ! pa/ season1 ?\gh ! season 0 b an av]age "o40 ,next mon? ,i w give my exp]im5ts ) two colonies ! pa/ season manag$ on a plan simil> to to ,bro!r ,dem>ee's1 z giv5 above4 ,rememb]1 beg9n]1 t if y don't manage y\r bees intellig5tly y _h bett] nev] g into ! bus9ess = y w h no 8luck0 & ! bus9ess w be a failure ) y2 & y might z well try to raise corn )\t se$ z to try to raise honey )\t a sci5tific "w on bee culture & "o or m ( ! _m excell5t bee j\rnals4 ,concord ,*ur*1 ,w4 ,va4 7,conclud$ next mon?47 ,illu/ration3 ,,our ,,correspond5ts ,,ed4 ,,am4 ,,bee-,,keep]1 ,de> ,sir3 ,i inclose h]e) #ej c5ts = r5ewal to ! ,,bee-,,keep]1 & 9 a mon? or s y w receive a little ord] = supplies f me1 b ,i wi% to f9d out fir/ :at ,i ne$4 ,!re is a lot ( read+ 9 ! ,,am]ican ,,bee-,,keep] = beg9n]s1 b !re are s _m diff]5t ideas giv5 t ! beg9n] mu/ h a big head inde$ to rememb] !m4 ,i w take ! lib]ty to tell y h[ ,i began4 ,x 0 a ye> ago ab\t ,*ri/ ,*ri/mas :5 ,i resolv$ to keep bees4 ,i wrote to ! ,new ,york ,volkszeitung1 a ,g]man newspap]1 = ! address ( a good bee pap]1 & ,i receiv$ y\r address4 ,! same day ,i s5t #ej c5ts & receiv$ 9 "t ! ,am]ican ,bee-,keep]1 9 :i* ,i f\nd ! address ( ,mr4 ,knick]bock] ( ,p9e ,pla9s1 ,n4 ,y41 to :om ,i wrote = a catalogue & price li/ = bees & que5s4 ,! price ( a good colony ( ,italians 0 #h4jj1 & ,i s5t him #af4jj & got two colonies ( bees ab\t ! #bj? ( ,may1 :i* 0 aft] all fruit trees _h blossom$4 ,! bees comm5c$ to "w1 & ! #ae? ( ,july ,i took out ( ea* hive ! surplus case ( #bh sections well fill$ ) :ite honey4 ,i replac$ !m ) new surplus cases1 & ab\t ! #ab? ( ,octob] bo? ! hives 7 z full ( honey z !y c\ld be aga94 ,i left ! hives 9 ?is condition = w9t] s ! bees c consume z mu* z !y please1 & if !re %\ld be any honey left ?is spr+ x is j z good = me z if ,i took x out 9 ! fall4 ,i left !m on ! summ] /&s pack$ up good & w>m & w leave !m alone until spr+4 ,i d n ?9k mu* ( look+ into ! hives e little :ile4 ,i may be wrong1 b ,i ?9k ?is w\ld make ! bees sw>m e>li] next season4 ,i _c f9d any "o ar\nd "h :o kn[s any?+ ab\t bee-keep+4 ,i sold #dj sections ( honey & #af ,i kept = myself4 ,!re is at lea/ #ce p\nds 9 ! hive yet1 & ,i ?9k ,i did v well = ! fir/ ye>4 ,) reg>ds ,i rema91 ,y\rs truly1 ,f4 ,,tlegman1 ,seym\r1 ,conn41 ,feb4 #aj1 #ahib4 ,,fri5d ,,tlegman3 ,we are glad to he> f y & y\r success ! fir/ season ) bee-keep+4 ,y 7 unusually =tunate ) y\r bees & mu/ n be disc\rag$ if ! com+ season or ! "o foll[+1 y f9d y\r bees do+ no?+4 ,evid5tly y are 9 a good location = keep+ bees1 & w\ld advise y to g into x m ext5sively4 ,we %all be pleas$ to he> f y aga9 lat] 9 ! season4--,,ed4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,ed4 ,,am4 ,,bee-,,keep]1 ,de> ,sir3 ,z my subscription has expir$1 ,i s5d y h]e) a po/al note = #ej c5ts1 z ,i _c d )\t ! ,,bee-,,keep]4 ,i ?9k x is ! be/ bee pap] = new beg9n]s or old ones4 ,i put sev5 colonies 9 my cell> & left ! balance on ! summ] /&s1 s f> !y h all done well2 "s t 7 a little %ort ,i f$ up4 ,la/ season 0 a poor season = bees "h1 s ^? t came (f late did n ga!r en\gh to get ?r\gh ! w9t]4 ,my way ( fe$+ bees is to get an empty comb & put x on a ?9 bo>d1 !n put x on ! top ( ! hive & put sug> syrup 9 x4 ,! bees w fill !mselves & c>ry x & put x 9 ! empty comb bel[4 ,y\rs truly1 ,,john ,w4 ,,h>ris1 ,colfax1 ,ind41 ,feb4 #h1 #ahib4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,ed4 ,,am4 ,,bee-,,keep]1 ,de> ,sir3 ,i h neglect$ s5d+ 9 my subscription b w d s n[4 ,y w f9d inclos$ #a4jj to pay arre>ages & also = ano!r ye>'s subscription4 ,we l ! ,,bee-,,keep] v mu* & ?9k e bee-keep] %\ld take x4 ,! w9t] ( '#ij & '#ia 0 a h>d "o 9 ,ma9e = u bee m54 ,i lo/ all b ?ree sw>ms4 ,did n get a drop ( surplus honey2 some?+ t has n happ5$ be=e 9 ! =ty ye>s we h _h bees4 ,up to date :at few ,i h appe> to be gett+ ?r\gh ! w9t] all "r4 ,! wea!r has be5 q mild ) b little sn[4 ,y\rs1 c41 ,,ezra ,,)ee1 ,pittsfield1 ,me41 ,feb41 #h1 #ahib4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,ed4 ,,am4 ,,bee-,,keep]1 ,de> ,sir3 ,i ?9k ! ,,am]ican ,,bee-,,keep] is ! be/ pap] = ! novice !re is publi%$4 ,x does n publi% ?+s unconc]n+ bee bus9ess1 l o!rs1 z = in/ance1 9 reg>d to tobacco1 g>d5+1 c4 ,i w tell y h[ ,i pack my bees = w9t]+4 ,i _h #ab /rong colonies 9 t5 frame simplicity hives ab\t ,nov4 #bj?1 ,i did n mole/ !m 9 ! brood *amb] at all4 ,i j took (f ! top ( ! hive & set on top ( ! frames a sup] )\t any sections 9 x & fill$ x ) buck:eat *aff & pack$ x tight4 ,to be sure ! enamel$ clo? 0 on top ( ! frames "u ! *aff4 ,!re 0 en\gh v5tilation betwe5 ! sup] & ! side ( ! top ( hive or upp] /ory1 z ,i d n ?9k ! caps on ! hives 7 any too light to prev5t ! f\l air f escap+4 ,i w tell y 9 ! spr+ :at success ,i w h _h 9 w9t]+4 ,y\rs truly1 ,,otis ,,callahan4 ,wellsboro ,pa41 ,jan4 #be1 #ahib4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,ed4 ,,am4 ,,bee-,,keep]1 ,de> ,sir3 ,bees are w9t]+ well 9 ,mi*igan2 at lea/ m9e are w9t]+ well on _! summ] /&s4 ,_h a good flight ,febru>y #ab?4 ,9 look+ ?r\gh !m ,i f9d !y h pl5ty ( /ores4 ,my crop ( honey la/ ye> f sev5 colonies 0 v good4 ,i increas$ to tw5ty colonies & got #dej lbs4 ( comb honey besides1 9 "o p\nd sections4 ,?is is my ?ird ye> 9 ! bee bus9ess & ,i l x v well & int5d to keep at x4 ,g4 ,w4 ,,franks ,belzes1 ,mi*43 ,feb4 #bj?1 '#ib4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,ed4 ,,am4 ,,bee-,,keep]1 ,de> ,sir3 ,we h wat*$ e day = my ,,bee-,,keep] because ,i am anxi\s to see x4 ,papa got tw5ty hives & #a1jjj sections f y\r factory la/ ye>4 ,he ?9ks ! outside w9t] case is v nice4 ,he c put a w>m brick 9 "u ! cu%ions & fe$ ! bees almo/ any "t 9 ! w9t]4 ,he has ! outside cases pa9t$ r$ on ! sides & ends1 & ! top is :ite4 ,he faces !m to ! ea/ s ! morn+ sun w w>m !m up & get ! bees up e>ly 9 ! morn+4 ,y\rs truly1 ,,ollie ,,jones4 ,cortl&1 ,o41 ,feb4 #ad1 #ahib4 ,illu/ration3 ,,our ,,extractor ,,w9t]+ ,,on ,,summ] ,,/&s4 ,! "q ( w9t]+ is always ( int]e/ & = t reason is always seasonable4 ,9 treat+ ! "q ,i d n expect to give any new po9ts to exp]ts1 b _m ( ! read]s ( ?is magaz9e are beg9n]s1 & are look+ to ?is valuable j\rnal = in=mation on ?is z well z on all o!r apicultural matt]s4 ,_m successful api>i/s ( l>ge exp]i5ce claim t all w9t]+ %\ld be done 9 cell>s1 or o!r special depositories2 ) ^! ,i h no qu>rel1 b nev] hav+ w9t]$ except on summ] /&s1 ,i am unable to speak !re( f p]sonal exp]i5ce4 ,"o objection to ?is plan ( w9t]+ ,i c well imag9e w =ce itself into ! m9ds ( a l>ge majority1 viz43 ! exp5se requir$ to fit up z x %\ld be fitt$1 ) reg>d to v5tilation & temp]ature1 su* a special depository z is necess>y 9 ord] to gu>antee success & ! objection ( itself w probably prev5t t majority f incurr+ ! requir$ exp5se4 ,= ! b5efit ( ! same majority ,i w give 9 detail ! plan ( w9t]+ on summ] /&s1 adopt$ by myself ) p]fect success1 & :i* ,i h made use ( = eighte5 ye>s or m1 & t too on ,lang/ro? frames1 ) s+le wall$ sev5?-eight in* p9e hives4 ,z !ories 9 reg>d to matt]s connect$ ) apiculture are ( little consequ5ce :5 comp>$ ) actual facts4 ,i w n attempt to !orize n[1 b w detail ! facts = ! use ( any :o may desire to "k !m4 ,:5 ! honey season ends1 :i* ) myself is ab\t ! #aj? ( ,septemb]1 ,i exam9e ! condition ( e colony1 cr[d ea* colony on to sev5 frames ,i int5d !y %all all be /rong en\gh to cov] fully t numb] & see t ea* frame is at lea/ fill$ ) seal$ /ores 9 its upp] half ! :ole l5g?4 ,lat] on :5 ,i get ready to back = w9t] ,i extract if necess>y f ^? combs t are m ?an two-?irds fill$ ) /ores & combs ?r\gh\t ! brood *amb] are equaliz$ & plac$ 9 a position :]e ! colony c at times get at !m if desir$4 ,:5 ! temp]ature falls s l[ t ! colony beg9s to clu/] closely ,i =ce ! clu/] to "o side or o!r ( ! brood *amb]1 :i* c easily be done1 by mov+ ! frames on :i* ! clu/] is =m$4 ,prior to ?is1 h[ev]1 ,i h /imulat$ ! que5 by fe$+ regul>ly ea* day a small am\nt ( sug> syrup1 & ?us kept ! colony re>+ brood z long z possible4 ,aft] ! clu/] is =c$ to ! side ( ! hive ,i place a 8,hill's ,device10 or "s sub/itute !re=1 ov] ! frames1 & cov] ! bees ) a light por\s blanket4 ,burlap or cotton duck is z good z any?+ = ?is purpose4 ,! 8,hill's ,device0 "u ! blanket =ms a means ( communication = ! bees ) e frame 9 ! hive1 & t too )\t dang] ( becom+ *ill$4 ,z ! hive 9 use is wide en\gh = t5 frames ,i use "o & a half in* division bo>d 9 ea* side ( ! hive1 :i* all[s ! sev5 frames to be spread ap>t a little m ?an desirable = summ] use4 ,aft] cov]+ ! frames 9 closely s t n a bee c %[ 8 head outside1 ,i put on an upp] /ory & fill x "o-?ird full ( =e/ leaves press$ lightly d[n1 & use a cov] ) "o & a half in* hole bor$ 9 ea* end = v5tilation4 ,i give a l>ge entrance1 us+ a bridge ab\t f\r in*es wide = ! bees to crawl "u1 :i* prev5ts ! easy access ( sudd5 draughts into ! hive4 ,! only o!r protection ?an t prescrib$ above1 f\nd 9 my api>y is a close osage h$ge1 six feet high on ! nor? & we/ sides4 ,) ! above means ( protection my bees h )/ood ! rigors ( our ea/]n w9t]s = ye>s1 ) a temp]ature v>y+ f #bj degrees above to #bj degrees bel[ z]o1 & "s seasons )\t a purify+ flight f middle ( ,novemb] to middle ( ! foll[+ ,febru>y4 ,_m morn+s ) ! !rmomet] bel[ z]o 9 ,janu>y ,i h f\nd a w>m curr5t ( air be+ =c$ out f ! entrance1 s /rong z to be p]ceptibly felt ^u ! back ( ! h&4 ,i "k n & c>e n :e!r o!rs may agree ) me or n1 ,i /ate ! facts z ,i f9d !m1 & h no hesitation :atev] 9 advis+ e beg9n] to foll[ ! me?ods outl9$ above4--,j4 ,e4 ,p4 9 ,b4 ,k4 ,m41 7,mass47 ,,surplus ,,honey4 ,"u ! mod]n sy/em ( bee culture we obta9 two k9ds ( honey1 kn[n z comb & extract$4 ,comb honey is br\ght be=e ! consum] j z x 0 /or$ by ! bees1 :ile extract$ honey is ! pure honey empti$ f ! comb by means ( ! honey extractor4 ,if n adult]at$ by middlem5 bo? are equally heal?ful & nutriti\s4 ,honey is n a luxury1 b a necess>y addition to our food1 x be+ ! pure sweet z secret$ by ! fl[]s f :i* x is ga!r$ by ! bees1 be+ heal?ful & mu* saf] ?an ! poison\s confections sold "u ! "n ( 8c&y40 ,comb honey is pref]r$ by _m on acc\nt ( its f9e appe>ance4 ,x mu/ be plac$ 9 ! m>ket 9 good %ape1 indicat+ t x is int5d$ = food & n simply z a luxury1 a sweet morsel to be ta/$ by ! *ildr54 ,"s ( our writ]s on bee culture 7b ,i am happy to say only a few7 w5t wild "s "t ago advocat+ "o-half p\nd frames4 ,!y argue t x c be sold at a high] price1 b all bee-keep]s "k t =c+ bees into su* small combs greatly r$uces ! crop1 & if su* a c\rse c\ld be pursu$ by our bee m5 x w\ld at once convey ! idea t honey 0 only a sub/itute = c&y or *ew+ gum4 ,my advice to ! bee-lov+ read]s ( ?is magaz9e is to let !m sev]ely alone 9 _! craze4 ,a season or two w aboli% su* small ?+s4 ,! man ^: s\l is s small & 8 ideas s contract$1 & 8 bus9ess pr9ciples s mean z to place a half p\nd honey package ^u ! m>ket = ! purpose ( extort+ a half p5ny or s f 8 fell[ man des]ves to be class$ )--y may draw y\r own comp>ison4 ,any?+ small] ?an a "o p\nd section or frame is a loss to ! produc] z well z ! consum]4 ,a "o p\nd comb makes a nice package1 & su* frames c be nicely crat$ & safely %ipp$4 ,comb honey %\ld be remov$ f ! hive z soon z all ! cells are seal$ ov]4 ,if left to rema9 x becomes d>k] by ! bees pass+ ov] x4 ,:5 tak5 f ! hive x %\ld be plac$ 9 a d>k room until sold or %ipp$ to m>ket4 ,"s writ]s advise smok+ x ) sulphur to kill ! wax worm4 ,i nev] f\nd ?is necess>y1 z ,i nev] h f\nd worms on my comb honey4 ,honey %\ld be nicely grad$1 & ! f9e/ %ipp$ or sold 9 sep>ate lots4 ,my frames hold two p\nd ea*1 ( ^! ,i place six 9 a crate hav+ glass at ea* end %[+ quality ( honey4 ,^! crates suit ! retail z well z ! :olesale deal]s & consum]s g5]ally buy a :ole crate--#ab to #ac p\nds4 ,_m ( my cu/om]s 9 adjo9+ t[ns buy f ?ree to six crates4 ,unf9i%$ or p>tly seal$ combs c be empti$ ) ! extractor & put away = next season4 ,extract$ honey %\ld be plac$ 9 nice1 clean1 attractive packages4 ,= home trade self-seal+ j>s d v well4 ,= %ipp+1 kegs are f\nd to be ! be/4 ,j "h ,i w\ld give a ^w ( w>n+4 ,d n extract be=e y\r honey is seal$1 if y d x is n ripe & too ?9 & w s\r1 ?us spoil+ y\r reputation z a honey produc]4 ,don't be too eag] to obta9 a l>ge quantity1 let ! quality be good & y w h no tr\ble to f9d pl5ty ( buy]s4 ,x is only ! poor1 unripe article t _c be sold1 & :i* gives "s ( our writ]s 9 ! bee pap]s s mu* tr\ble to f9d a way to dispose ( _! honey4 7,p5na47 ,h4 ,h4 ,,flack4 ,,expose ,,y\r ,,hives ,,to ,,! ,,sun4 ,9 a village 9 ,g]many1 :]e ! numb] ( bees kept 0 regulat$ by law1 a bad season _h prov$ t ! place 0 ov]/ock$1 f ! great weakness ( all ! colonies 9 ! neighborhood4 ,!re 0 b "o exception1 t ( an old man :o 0 g5]ally set d[n z be+ no wis] ?an 8 neighbors4 ,! honey h>ve/ came r\nd1 & :5 he _h /or$ away d\ble ! quantity t any ( ! re/ _h sav$1 he call$ 8 fri5ds & neighbors toge!r1 took !m into 8 g>d51 & said3 8,if y _h be5 m *>itable 9 y\r op9ions1 ,i w\ld h told y my secret be=e10 & he po9t$ to ! fac+ ( 8 hives--"o degree m to ! ea/ ?an 0 g5]ally adopt$4 ,! sun came ^u 8 hives an h\r or two soon] by ! movem5t1 & 8 bees 7 up & /irr+1 & _h secur$ a l>ge %>e ( ! morn+'s honey be=e 8 neighbors' bees _h r\s$ !mselves = ! day4 ,,sn[ ,,& ,,outdoor ,,w9t]+4 ,! heavy fall ( sn[ :i* we h j _h is v favorable = outdoor w9t]+1 & we w\ld advise our read]s n to %ovel x away f ! hives1 b if y h "t put a little m on ) a sn[ %ovel4 ,we w\ld mu* r h t5 feet ( sn[ ov] hives ?an none at all4 ,a fri5d ( ours once told u h[ he _h made a great mi/ake by digg+ away ! sn[ f "s ( 8 hives1 b at ! same "t le>n$ a valuable lesson4 ,8 api>y 0 situat$ 9 some:at ( a valley1 & "o morn+ aft] a heavy fall ( sn[ :i* _h be5 consid]ably drift$1 he look$ out & 0 dismay$ to see 8 entire api>y buri$ b5ea? ! fleecy flakes4 ,"o portion1 h[ev]1 0 mu* worse ?an ! o!r--t at ! nor? end be+ buri$ 9 "s places t5 feet deep4 ,! s\? end 0 n s bad1 & s he det]m9$ to cle> :at he c\ld & leave ! re/ to p]i%1 z he suppos$4 ,aft] consid]able %ovel+ he got ab\t #be colonies pretty well cle>$ (f1 & by d9t ( h>d "w manag$ to keep !m cle> till spr+4 ,:5 w>m wea!r came ^! #be colonies 7 fly+ 9 & out1 :ile ! sn[ 0 /ill ly+ ^u ! o!r portion4 ,?9k+ ! latt] 7 dead he paid no att5tion to !m till q late 9 ! spr+1 :5 ! tops ( "s ( !m began to %[ above ! sn[1 & :at 0 8 surprise & delight to discov] e colony 9 spl5did condition1 "s ( !m fill$ ) brood1 & all ready = a good season's "w1 :ile at ! same "t !y _h n consum$ ne>ly s mu* /ores z ^? he kept cle> ( sn[6 ,^u inve/igation he discov]$ t ! heat f ! bees _h melt$ spaces ab\t ! hives v>y+ 9 size f a squ>e foot to a squ>e y>d1 & ! air f ! hives became purifi$ by contact ) ! sn[1 :ile at ! same "t ! temp]ature 0 kept s ev5 & 0 s little affect$ by ! cold breezes ( w9t] t v little /ores 7 consum$4 ,! me?od ( purify+ air is "o :i* is tak5 advantage ( by "s ( our native animals4 ,we h (t5 amus$ ourselves by wat*+ ! ott] :o w /ay und]nea? ! ice = h\rs toge!r engag$ 9 fi%+1 & :5 f9d+ x necess>y to brea! w place 8 nose aga9/ ! ice1 expel ! air f 8 lungs :5 x =ms a bubble betwe5 ice & wat]1 & !n inhale x aga94--,c4 ,b4 ,j4 7,canada47 ,,/rawb]ries ,,9 ,,octob]4 7,f ,we/]n ,g>d51 ,oct4 '#ia4 ,to-day's mail br+s a f9e specim5 plant ( ! ,new ,wond] ,/rawb]ry f ,j4 ,b4 ,alex&]1 ( ,h>t=d ,city1 ,ind4 ,x is a /rong plant1 & ! peculi>ity ab\t x is t x has ?ree ripe & f\rte5 gre5 b]ries on x1 besides q a numb] ( blossoms4 ,our read]s %\ld try a few plants ( ?is wond]4 ,see ,gold5 ,rule ,nurs]y 8ad40 else:]e4 99 99 99 99 99 ,"s wom5 _c keep bees1 any m ?an "s m52 b _m c1 & to _! great pr(it4 ,(t5 a f>m]'s wife or daught] welcomes an occupation = ! sake ( its novelty1 some?+ to break up ! r\t9e ( cook+1 wa%+ & sew+2 & bee-keep+1 ev5 if x br+s only a few p\nds ( honey = ! table1 is und]tak5 & c>ri$ ?r\gh ) pleasure & delight4--,ex4 99 99 99 99 99 ,let x be rememb]$1 says ,julia ,allyn1 t ! m bees !re are on f>ms ! great] w be ! product ( ! f>ms2 = ! bees di/ribute poll5 & f]tilize fl[]s m ?or\ghly ?an !y c be f]tiliz$ o!rwise4 ,! ,am]ican ,bee-,keep]1 ,,publi%$ ,,mon?ly ,,by ,,! ,w4 ,t4 ,,falcon] ,,manfg4 ,,co4 ,,t]ms3 #ej c5ts a ye> 9 advance2 #b copies1 #he c5ts2 #c copies1 #a4bj2 all to be s5t to "o po/ (fice4 ,po/age prepaid 9 ! ,u4,s4 & ,canada2 #aj c5ts extra to all c\ntries 9 ! po/al union & #bj c5ts extra to all o!r c\ntries4 ,,adv]tis+ ,,rates3 #ae c5ts p] l9e1 #i words2 #b4jj p] in*4 #e p] c5t4 disc\nt = #b ins]tions2 #g p] c5t4 = #c ins]tions2 #aj p] c5t4 = #f ins]tions2 #bj p] c5t4 = #ab ins]tions4 ,adv]tisem5ts mu/ be receiv$ on or be=e ! #bj? ( ea* mon? to insure ins]tion 9 mon? foll[+4 ,address1 ,,! ,,am]ican ,,bee-,,keep]1 ,,falcon]1 ,n4 ,y4 ,subscrib]s f9d+ ?is p>agraph m>k$ ) a blue cross w "k t _! subscription expires ) ?is numb]4 ,we hope t y w n delay 9 s5d+ a r5ewal4 ,a blue cross on ?is p>agraph indicates t y\r subscription expir$ la/ m\?4 ,please r5ew4 ,,editorial4 ,"s ( our read]s be+ beg9n]s1 are (t5 p]plex$ to "k j :at me?ods ( ! _m diff]5t ones advocat$ by our contributors w be ! be/ = _! individual ne$s4 ,n[1 !re are _m me?ods ( manipulat+ bees & hives1 any "o ( :i* foll[$ out w br+ success4 ,take 8,w9t]+0 = in/ance4 ,"s ( ! mo/ successful bee-keep]s w9t] out-doors4 ,o!rs 9-doors4 ,"s ) *aff hives2 hives ) air spaces or ) outside w9t] cases4 ,"s w9t] 9 cell>s1 & o!rs 9 special depositories or 9 bee h\ses4 ,ea* me?od has its /rong support]s4 ,ab\t ! only ?+ to be consid]$ 9 adopt+ ei!r me?od is ! climatic location4 ,= in/ance1 bees 9 ! ,s\!rn /ates w n w9t] well 9 cell>s1 nor are *aff hives necess>y1 :ile 9 ! ,nor!rn /ates1 outside cases pack$1 dead air spaces1 *aff hives or 9-door w9t]+ is a necessity4 ,a great _m lett]s ( compla9t h be5 receiv$ f p]sons to :om we h be5 s5d+ ! ,,bee-,,keep]1 because we ask$ !m to pay = x4 ,_m ( !m say !y nev] subscrib$ & d n ?9k !y %\ld be compell$ to pay4 ,we d n s5d ?is magaz9e to anyone unless ord]$ to d s1 except+ to ! =m] subscrib]s ( ! ,advance ,bee-,hive & ,bee ,_w1 ^: subscription li/s we h pur*as$1 & we h cont9u$ aft] _! orig9al subscriptions h expir$1 except+ :5 ord]$ to /op do+ s by ! subscrib]s !mselves4 ,we h frequ5tly m5tion$ ! necessity ( ord]+ u to /op if ! magaz9e 0 n want$1 & h s5t po/al c>d notices to to ^? ^: subscriptions h expir$ six mon?s back or m4 ,n[1 we d n wi% any "o to take ?is magaz9e aga9/ _! wi%es1 nor pay = x ei!r1 b we d wi% y w\ld notify u on a po/al c>d or o!rwise1 if y want x /opp$ :5 y\r subscription expires4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! ,paddock ,pure ,food ,bill n[ be=e ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,s5ate is "o 9 :i* e bee-keep] %\ld be int]e/$4 ,! bill provides = ! prev5tion1 by gov]nm5t inspection1 ( ! mis-br&+ or mis-labell+ ( all articles ( food & drugs4 ,9 o!r words1 if a c conta9+ honey is m>k$ 8,pure ,honey10 x w necess>ily be exactly :at ! "n implies1 & n an adult]ation4 99 99 99 99 99 ,we h be5 mak+ an ext5sive inquiry z to ! /yles ( hives 9 mo/ g5]al use ?r\gh\t ! c\ntry1 especially 9 ! ,ea/]n & ,middle /ates1 & we wi% our fri5ds w\ld s5d 9 _! views 9 reg>d to ! advantages ( ! ,simplicity or ,lang/ro? /yle ( hives ov] ! old /yle box hives4 ,s5d x to u ei!r z a regul> contribution or correspond5ce = publication4 99 99 99 99 99 ,we notice 9 ,glean+s1 ,! ,review1 ,progressive ,bee-,keep] & o!r j\rnals ! 8ad40 ( ! 8,*icago ,bee-,keep]'s ,supply ,company10 9 :i* !y /ate _! (fice z be+ #fh-gj ,s\? ,canal ,/reet41 ,*icago4 ,p>ties int]e/$ h endeavor$ to f9d su* a conc]n at ?is /reet numb] b !y h fail$ to d s4 ,a man by ! "n ( ,kl9e1 claim+ to be ! secret>y ( ! company1 (f]$ ?is magaz9e a v lib]al 8ad40 "s mon?s ago1 b z our in=mation reg>d+ ! conc]n 0 n satisfactory we decl9$ to accept ! 8ad40 ,all bee-keep]s w d well to deal only ) old e/abli%$ manufactur]s & deal]s4 99 99 99 99 99 ,h]eaft] we w put ! "n ( ! /ate 9 :i* !y are writt5 at ! end ( all articles1 s t our read]s w "k t a me?od or sy/em advanc$ by a bee-keep] 9 ,georgia1 = in/ance1 w n be ( mu* use to any "o 9 ?is /ate1 especially if x relates to h&l+ bees4 99 99 99 99 99 ,c4 ,h4 ,dibb]n is n satisfi$ ) 8 bee escape inv5t$ ! latt] "p ( la/ season1 & claims n[ t he has ano!r almo/ p]fect$ :i* w beat any?+ yet4 ,a great man on bee escapes is our fri5d ,dibb]n4 ,by ! way1 ,m4 ,e4 ,ha/+s has rec5tly inv5t$ an escape some?+ on ! pr9ciple ( ! ,port]1 :i* appe>s to be ab\t p]fect4 ,we w endeavor to give an illu/ration & description ( x next mon?4 99 99 99 99 99 ,edw>d ,r4 ,newcomb1 =m]ly ( ,pleasant ,valley1 ,n4 ,y41 has mov$ to ,*icago & has giv5 up 8 supply bus9ess2 also ! manufacture ( ! ,/anley ,automatic ,extractor4 99 99 99 99 99 ,ev]yone ^: subscription has expir$1 or is ab\t to expire1 w d well to take advantage ( our se$ (f] giv5 9 ano!r column2 a #a4ej box ( se$s1 c41 = only #be c5ts4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! ev]-increas+ migration to ! ,tropics f ,am]ican ports w probably receive a fre% /imulus f ! article on ! ,highl&s ( ,jamaica1 :i* ,lady ,blake1 ! wife ( ! ,gov]nor ( ,jamaica1 contributes to ! ,m>* numb] ( ! ,nor? ,am]ican ,review4 99 99 99 99 99 8,,! ,,fl[]s ,,( ,,*ili40 ,?is week's issue ( ,frank ,leslie's ,illu/rat$ ,newspap] be+ ! color$ numb]1 conta9s a beautiful page ( portraits ( ! h&some wom5 ( ,*ili1 a sleigh+ sc5e 9 ,*icago1 "* sket*es f ! t5? annual d9n] ( ! fam\s ,clov] ,club ( ,philadelphia1 illu/ration ( ! ,"y ,wom5's ,*ri/ian ,association & ,m>g>et ,l\isa ,home ( ,new ,york ,city1 & ( ! 8,capta9 ,prat10 ! =midable ,*ilian ironclad4 ,! ,*ildr5's ,dep>tm5t conta9s a beautiful /ory entitl$ 8,majorie's ,val5t9e10 & ! ,graphological ,dep>tm5t is full ( int]e/1 :ile ! fa%ion lett] & editorial pages1 toge!r ) ! beautiful color$ front page1 make ?is numb] ! h&some/ t ! ,arkell ,weekly ,company has ev] publi%$4 ,price only #aj c5ts2 #ab numb]s #a4jj1 ) fl[] premiums catalogu$ at #a4be by ,messrs4 ,pet] ,h5d]son ,co41 #a4be4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! complete novel 9 ,lipp9cott's ,magaz9e = ,m>*1 8,a ,soldi]'s ,secret10 is by ,capta9 ,*>les ,k+1 :o alone among liv+ ,am]icans has ! secret ( ! milit>y tale4 ,:at he does n "k ab\t army life 9 ! ,we/ is n wor? kn[+1 & :at he kn[s he c imp>t ) unsurpass$ & unfail+ *>m4 ,! po/1 ! biv\ac1 ! battlefield1--:atev] goes on at ^! he makes to live aga9 be=e u2 = he has be5 a "p ( x all1 & 8 he>t is ) ! cavalry /ill4 ,8 la/ /ory has a v rec5t !me2 ! ,si\x w> ( #ahij1--;& w be f\nd equal to any ( 8 previ\s "w4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,important ,,trade ,,notices4 ,we are 9 want ( bees wax & w pay #be to #bg c5ts p] p\nd ca%1 or #bh to #cj c5ts 9 trade = good to *oice pure bees wax deliv]$ at ,falcon]1 ,n4 ,y4 ,if y h any1 box x up & %ip x to u by freight or express1 7:i* ev] is *eape/74 ,be sure & s5d x to u at ,falcon]1 ,n4 ,y41 & write y\r "n also on ! package s we w "k f :om x comes1 also write u at ! "t y %ip4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,color$ ,,& ,,cull ,,sections v *eap4 ,we h sev]al ?\s& #d #d #a & #a #ae-af sections :i* are n fir/ class1 "s be+ v poor & o!rs good2 altoge!r !y are a fair lot & v *eap at #a4ej p] ?\s&1 :i* is ! price at :i* we w sell !m4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,alsike ,,clov] ,,se$ is consid]ably high] price n[ ?an quot$ on page #bg ( our catalogue4 ,we c n[ supply a limit$ quantity at #be c5ts p] p\nd1 #c4jj p] peck or #aa4jj p] bu4 ,po/age #i c5ts p] lb4 if by mail4 ,price subject to *ange )\t notice4 99 99 99 99 99 ,we wi% to call att5tion to ! fact t we c furni% ! ,ha/+s ,fe$]s to anyone want+ !m4 ,!y are fir/ class1 & 9 "s ways mu* bett] ?an any o!r 9 use4 ,! price is #cj c5ts ea*2 #c4jj p] doz54 ,po/age #ac c5ts ea* extra4 ,transcrib]'s ,note3 ,obvi\s pr9t] errors correct$ sil5tly4 ,inconsi/5t spell+ & hyph5ation are z 9 ! orig9al4