,transcrib]'s ,notes ,obvi\s typographical errors h be5 sil5tly correct$4 ,v>iations 9 hyph5ation & ligatures h be5 /&>dis$ b all o!r spell+ & punctuation rema9s un*ang$4 ,italics are repres5t$ ?us italic & sup]scripts ?us yen4 ,! position ( h& drawn hi]oglyphs has be5 indicat$ ?us hi]oglyph4 ,all o!r examples ( text )9 braces is orig9al4 ,huntilite1 9 ! index1 possibly ref]s to ,heliolite 9 ! text1 b x is n cle> :i* is int5d$4 ,! #eaj footnotes are locat$ at ! end ( ! book4 ,! ,curi\s ,lore ( ,preci\s ,/ones ,,lipp9cott',s ,,practical ,,books ,,= ,,! ,,enri*m5t ,,( ,,home ,,life ,,! ,,practical ,,book ,,( ,,decorative ,,wall-,,treatm5ts4 ,,by ,,nancy ,,mcclell&4 ,,! ,,practical ,,book ,,( ,,le>n+ ,,decoration ,,& ,,furniture4 ,,by ,,edw>d ,,/ratton ,,holl[ay4 ,,! ,,practical ,,book ,,( ,,*9aw>e4 ,,by ,,h>old ,,donaldson ,,eb]le9 & ,,rog] ,,we>ne ,,ramsdell4 ,,! ,,practical ,,book ,,( ,,tape/ries4 ,,by ,,george ,,lel& ,,hunt]4 ,,! ,,practical ,,book ,,( ,,outdoor ,,fl[]s4 ,,by ,,ri*>dson ,,wright1 ,editor ( ,h\se & ,g>d54 ,,! ,,practical ,,book ,,( ,,furni%+ ,,! ,,small ,,h\se ,,& ,,ap>tm5t4 ,,by ,,edw>d ,,/ratton ,,holl[ay4 ,,! ,,practical ,,book ,,( ,,int]ior ,,decoration4 ,,by ,,h>old ,,donaldson ,,eb]le91 ,,abbot ,,mcclure & ,,edw>d ,,/ratton ,,holl[ay4 ,,! ,,practical ,,book ,,( ,,p]iod ,,furniture4 ,,by ,,h>old ,,donaldson ,,eb]le9 & ,,abbot ,,mcclure4 ,revis$ & ,enl>g$4 ,,! ,,practical ,,book ,,( ,,ori5tal ,,rugs4 ,,by ,g4 ,,griff9 ,,lewis4 ,,! ,,practical ,,book ,,( ,,am]ican ,,antiques4 ,,by ,,h>old ,,donaldson ,,eb]le9 & ,,abbot ,,mcclure4 ,,! ,,practical ,,book ,,( ,,ar*itecture4 ,,by ,c4 ,,matlack ,,price4 ,,! ,,practical ,,book ,,( ,,italian1 ,,spani% ,,& ,,portuguese ,,furniture4 ,,by ,,h>old ,,donaldson ,,eb]le9 & ,,rog] ,,we>ne ,,ramsdell4 ,illu/ration3 ,a/]ia--,/> ,sapphire ,ceylon ,a/]ia--,/> ,sapphire ,ceylon ,a/]ia--,/> ,sapphire ,ceylon ,a/]ia--,/> ,sapphire ,ceylon ,ruby--,a/]ia--,ceylon ,a/]ia--,/> ,sapphire ,ceylon ,sun/one ,p]?1 ,canada ,moon/one--) :ite light--,ceylon ,moon/one--blui% *atoyancy--,ceylon ,iris--,brazil1 ,s\? ,am]ica ,alex&rite--,gre5 ,ceylon ,cat's ,eye--,ceylon ,alex&rite--,r$ by artificial light--,ceylon ,preci\s ,opal--,hung>y ,fire ,opal ,qu]et]a1 ,mexico ,black ,opal--,lightn+ ,ridge1 ,new ,s\? ,wales ,,ph5om5al ,,gems 7,,gems ,,exhibit+ ,,ph5om5a7 ,f ! ,j4 ,p4 ,morgan ,collection1 ,am]ican ,museum ( ,natural ,hi/ory1 ,new ,york ,! ,curi\s ,lore ( ,preci\s ,/ones ,,be+ ,a ,,description ,,( ,,_! ,,s5tim5ts ,,& ,,folk ,,lore1 ,,sup]/itions1 ,,symbolism1 ,,my/icism1 ,,use ,,9 ,,m$ic9e1 ,,protection1 ,,prev5tion1 ,,religion1 ,,& ,,div9ation4 ,,cry/al ,,gaz+1 ,,bir?-,,/ones1 ,,lucky ,,/ones ,,& ,,talismans1 ,,a/ral1 ,,zodiacal1 ,,& ,,planet>y ,,by ,,george ,,fr$]ick ,,kunz ,a4,m41 ,,ph4,d41 ,d4,,sc4 ,,) #hf ,,illu/rations ,,9 ,,color1 ,,d\bletone ,,& ,,l9e ,,philadelphia ,,london ,j4 ,b4 ,lipp9cott ,company ,,copyright1 #aiac1 ,,by ,j4 ,b4 ,,lipp9cott ,,company ,,six? ,,impression ,,pr9t$ ,,9 ,,unit$ ,,/ates ,,( ,,am]ica ,,) ,,he>tfelt ,,appreciation ,,( ,,! ,,noble ,,_s ,,t ,,conceiv$ ,,& ,,f\nd$ ,,! ,,morgan-,,tiffany ,,collection ,,( ,,gems ,,& ,,! ,,morgan-,,bem5t ,,collections ,,( ,,m9]als ,,& ,,meteorites ,,( ,,! ,,am]ican ,,museum ,,( ,,natural ,,hi/ory1 ,,& ,,! ,,morgan ,,collection ,,( ,,! ,,mus,e ,d',,hi/oire ,,naturelle ,,( ,,p>is1 ,,& ,,^: ,,k9dly ,,advice ,,& ,,enc\ragem5t ,,h ,,done ,,s ,,mu* ,,= ,,! ,,preci\s ,,/one ,,art1 ,,?is ,,volume ,,is ,,respectfully ,,d$icat$ ,,to ,,! ,,memory ,,( ,,! ,,late ,j4 ,,pi]pont ,,morgan ,preface ,! love ( preci\s /ones is deeply implant$ 9 ! human he>t1 & ! cause ( ?is mu/ be s\ght n only 9 _! color+ & brilliancy b also 9 _! durability4 ,all ! fair colors ( fl[]s & foliage1 & ev5 ! blue ( ! sky & ! glory ( ! sunset cl\ds1 only la/ = a %ort "t1 & are subject to cont9ual *ange1 b ! %e5 & coloration ( preci\s /ones are ! same to-day z !y 7 ?\s&s ( ye>s ago & w be = ?\s&s ( ye>s to come4 ,9 a _w ( *ange1 ?is p]man5ce has a *>m ( its own t 0 e>ly appreciat$4 ,! object ( ?is book is to indicate & illu/rate ! v>i\s ways 9 :i* preci\s /ones h be5 us$ at diff]5t times & among diff]5t peoples1 & m especially to expla9 "s ( ! curi\s ideas & fancies t h ga!r$ ar\nd !m4 ,_m ( ^! ideas may seem /range en\gh to u n[1 & yet :5 we analyze !m we f9d t !y h _! roots ei!r 9 "s intr9sic quality ( ! /ones or else 9 an in/9ctive appreciation ( _! symbolical significance4 ,?r\gh manifold trans=mations ?is symbolism has p]si/$ to ! pres5t day4 ,! same ?+ may be said 9 reg>d to ! v>i\s sup]/itions connect$ ) gems4 ,our sci5tific k ( cause & effect may prev5t u f accept+ any ( ! fanciful notions ( ! physicians & a/rolog]s ( ! old5 "t2 nev]!less1 ! possession ( a necklace or a r+ adorn$ ) brilliant diamonds1 fair pe>ls1 w>m1 gl[+ rubies1 or cele/ial-hu$ sapphires w to-day make a woman's he>t beat fa/] & br+ a blu% ( pleasure to h] *eek4 ,life w seem bett] wor? liv+ to h]2 &1 inde$1 ?is is no delusion1 = life is :at our ?\ght makes x1 & joy is born ( gratifi$ desire4 ,h5ce no?+ t contributes to increas+ ! sum ( innoc5t pleasures %\ld be disda9$2 & surely no pleasure c be m innoc5t & ju/ifiable ?an t inspir$ by ! possession ( beautiful natural objects4 ,! au?or1 :o possesses :at is believ$ to be ! mo/ compreh5sive private libr>y on ?is subject1 has obta9$ _m ref]5ces f mat]ial :i* he has be5 ga!r+ dur+ ! pa/ tw5ty-five ye>s4 ,_m ( ! types exi/ 9 ! collection ( folk-lore preci\s /ones exhibit$ at ! ,_w's ,columbian ,exposition 9 #ahic1 & n[ 9 ! ,field ,museum ( ,natural ,hi/ory 9 ,*icago4 ,o!r types are drawn f ! ,morgan ,collection exhibit$ at ! ,p>is ,expositions ( #ahhi & #aijj1 :i*1 ) additions1 is n[ 9 ,morgan ,hall1 9 ! ,am]ican ,museum ( ,natural ,hi/ory1 ,new ,york ,city4 ,o!r prom95t ref]5ces are ! collection ( preci\s /ones 9 ! ,cali=nia ,midw9t] ,memorial ,museum1 9 ,gold5 ,gate ,p>k1 ,san ,francisco2 ! ,tiffany collection ( preci\s /ones1 exhibit$ at ! ,atlanta ,exposition ( #ahid1 n[ 9 ! ,national ,museum 9 ,wa%+ton2 ! collection exhibit$ at ! ,pan-,am]ican ,exposition1 & pres5t$ to ! ,muse d',hi/oire ,naturelle1 9 ,p>is1 by ! late ,j4 ,pi]pont ,morgan2 ! collection exhibit$ at ! exposition held 9 ,portl&1 ,oregon1 9 #aije2 & ! collection ( gems & preci\s /ones exhibit$ at ! ,jame/[n ,exposition1 #aijg4 ,all ( ^! collections1 ei!r entirely or v l>gely1 h be5 =m$ by ! au?or4 ,"s ref]5ces to s5tim5t connect$ ) preci\s /ones are embodi$ 9 ! little "w1 n[ 9 its #ba/ edition1 entitl$3 8,natal ,/ones1 ,s5tim5ts & ,sup]/itions ,associat$ ) ,preci\s ,/ones10 compil$ by ! writ]1 :o has exam9$ ne>ly all ! pr9cipal collections 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 ,europe1 ,mexico1 ,canada1 & ,asiatic ,russia4 ,= c\rtesies1 in=mation & illu/rations1 ,i am indebt$ to ! foll[+1 to :om my ?anks are due3 ,pr(4 ,taw ,se9 ,ko1 ,sup]9t5d5t ( ! ,ar*ological ,survey1 ( ,burma2 ,dr4 ,t4 ,wada1 ( ,tokyo1 ,japan2 ,dr4 ,g4 ,o4 ,cl]c1 ,presid5t ( ! ,socit ,ourali5ne des ,amis des ,sci5ces ,naturelles1 ,ekat]9eb\rg1 ,russia2 ,dr4 ,*>les ,braddock1 late ,m$ical ,inspector to ! ,k+ ( ,siam2 ,sir ,*>les ,h]cules ,re$1 ,curator ( ,ar*ology1 & ,dr4 ,erne/ ,a4 ,wallis ,budge1 ,egyptologi/1 ,briti% ,museum1 ,london2 ,a4 ,w4 ,feave>ye>1 ,esq41 ,london2 ,dr4 ,salomon ,re9a*1 ,director ( ! ,ar*alogical ,museum ( ,/4 ,g]ma9-en-,laye1 ,france2 ,pr(4 ,giuseppe ,belucci1 ( ! ,univ]sity ( ,p]ugia2 ,dr4 ,pet] ,jess51 ,libr>ian ( ! ,kun/gew]be ,museum1 ( ,b]l92 ,miss ,belle ,da,costa ,gre52 ,dr4 ,fr$]ick ,hir?1 ,*9ese ,pr(essor1 ,columbia ,univ]sity1 ,new ,york2 ,dr4 ,cl>k ,wissl]1 ,curator ( ,ar*ology1 ,dr4 ,l4 ,p4 ,gratacap1 ,curator ( ,m9]alogy1 ,am]ican ,museum ( ,natural ,hi/ory2 ,dr4 ,b]?old ,lauf]1 ,ori5tal ,ar*ologi/1 & ,dr4 ,oliv] ,c4 ,f>r+ton1 ,curator ( ,geology & ,m9]alogy1 ,field ,museum ( ,natural ,hi/ory1 ,*icago2 ,h]ew>d ,c>r+ton1 ,esq41 ,psy*i/1 ,new ,york2 ,dr4 ,w4 ,hayes ,w>d1 ,ar*ologi/ & ,babylonian ,s*ol>2 ,mrs4 ,h5ry ,drap]1 ,new ,york2 ,h4 ,w4 ,k5t1 ,esq41 ,metropolitan ,museum ( ,art1 ,new ,york ,city2 ,consul ,g5]al ,mos]1 ,colombo1 ,ceylon2 ,w4 ,w4 ,blake1 ,mexico ,city1 :o has done s mu* to enc\rage ,mexican ar*ological inve/igation2 ! late ,a4 ,dam\r1 ( ,p>is1 ! great pione] ( m9]alogical ar*ology2 ! late ,dr4 ,a4 ,b4 ,mey]1 ( ,dresd51 :o1 m ?an anyone else1 prov$ t ! ,nephritfrage or ! jade "q 0 to be solv$ by *emical & m9]alogical inve/igation2 ! late ,rajah ,sir ,s\r9dro ,mohun ,tagore1 ( ,calcutta2 & ,dr4 ,a4 ,m4 ,ly?goe1 ,egyptologi/1 ,metropolitan ,museum ( ,art4 ,g4 ,f4 ,k4 ,,septemb]1 #aiac4 ,cont5ts ,,*apt] ,,page ,i4 ,,sup]/itions ,,& ,,_! ,,s\rces #a ,,ii4 ,,on ,,! ,,use ,,( ,,preci\s ,,& ,,semi-,,preci\s ,,/ones ,,z ,,talismans ,,& ,,amulets #ai ,,iii4 ,,on ,,! ,,talismanic ,,use ,,( ,,special ,,/ones #ea ,,iv4 ,,on ,,! ,,use ,,( ,,engrav$ ,,& ,,c>v$ ,,gems ,,z ,,talismans #aae ,v4 ,,on ,,om9\s ,,& ,,lum9\s ,,/ones #adc ,,vi4 ,,on ,,cry/al ,,balls ,,& ,,cry/al ,,gaz+ #agf ,,vii4 ,,religi\s ,,uses ,,( ,,preci\s ,,/ones1 ,,pagan1 ,,hebrew1 ,,& ,,*ri/ian #bbe ,,viii4 ,,on ,,! ,,high-,,prie/',s ,,brea/plate #bge ,,ix4 ,,bir?-,,/ones #cjg ,x4 ,,planet>y ,,& ,,a/ral ,,influ5ces ,,( ,,preci\s ,,/ones #cch ,,xi4 ,,on ,,! ,,!rapeutic ,,use ,,( ,,preci\s ,,& ,,semi-,,preci\s ,,/ones #cfg ,illu/rations ,,color ,,plates ,,page ,,ph5om5al ,,gems 7,,gems ,,exhibit+ ,,ph5om5a7 ,frontispiece4 ,,mah>aja ,,runjit ,,s+h1 ,,) ,,pe>ls ,,& ,,gems #db ,,c>d9al ,,f>ley',s ,,r+1--,,sapphire ,,) ,,diamonds #ajd ,,gems ,,f ,,! ,,morgan-,,tiffany ,,collection #ajg ,,self-,,pr9ts ,,( ,,diamonds1 ,,%[+ ,,phosphoresc5ce #agj ,,cross1 ,,atta*$ ,,z ,,p5dant ,,to ,,! ,,cr[n ,,( ,,! ,,go?ic ,,k+ ,,reccesv9?us 7#fdi-fgb ,a4,d47 #bic ,,d\bletones ,,rock-,,cry/al ,,amulet ,,set ,,9 ,,silv] #aj ,,rock-,,cry/al ,,placque1 ,,anci5t ,,mexican #aj ,,necklaces ,,f ,,egypt4 ,,fir/ ,,c5tury #bj ,,mosaics ,,( ,,turquoise ,,& ,,enamell$ ,,c>nelian ,,beads #bf ,,necklaces ,,f ,,egypt #cg ,,african ,,agate ,,*>ms #ed ,,amb] ,,ornam5ts #eh ,,*alc$ony ,,votive ,,*>m ,,f ,,mexico #fe ,,curi\s ,,alt> ,,( ,,p[alawa ,,indians ,,( ,,arizona #fe ,,kabyle ,,jewelry #fh ,,jasp] ,,p5dant #ic ,,piece ,,( ,,natural ,,load/one ,,= ,,m$ic9al ,,purposes #ic ,,aragonite ,,p5dant #ic ,,obsidian ,,mask1 ,,f ,,! ,,fay\m1 ,,egypt #ii ,,turquoise ,,necklace1 ,,?ibet #aaj ,,ph,,nician ,,sc>ab1 ,,) ,,engrav$ ,,scorpion #abc ,,anci5t ,,babylonian ,,cyl9d] ,,impression1 ,,be>+ ,,figures ,,( ,,! ,,god ,,nebo ,,& ,a ,,wor%ipp]1 ,,& ,,symbols ,,( ,,sun ,,& ,,moon #abc ,a ,,small ,,jade ,,celt ,,engrav$ ,,) ,,gno/ic ,,inscriptions ,,9 ,,! ,,f\r? ,,c5tury #abc ,,moss ,,agate ,,mo*a ,,/ones1 ,,h9doo/an #acb ,,agates ,,us$ ,,z ,,votive ,,*>ms ,,& ,,set ,,9 ,,r+s #adi ,,rock-,,cry/al ,,ball ,,p5etrat$ ,,by ,,cry/als ,,( ,,rutile #agf ,,glass ,,ball1 ,,p]=at$ ,,& ,,m\nt$ ,,9 ,,metal #ahc ,,ball ,,( ,,jet1 ,,p]=at$ ,,& ,,m\nt$ ,,9 ,,metal #ahc ,,eye ,,agate1 ,,%[+ ,a ,,numb] ,,( ,,circul> ,,m>k+s #ahc ,,dr4 ,,dee',s ,,%ew ,,/one #aij ,,obsidian ,,mirror1 ,,) ,,native ,,textile ,,/r+ #aij ,,rock-,,cry/al ,,sph]es ,,& ,,natural ,,cross #aif ,,babylonian ,,cyl9d]s ,,& ,,p]sian ,,beads #bjd ,,rock-,,cry/al ,,sph]es ,,) ,,japanese ,,m\nt+s #bji ,,cry/al ,,ball1 ,,support$ ,,by ,,bronze ,,dragon #bag ,,me?od ,,( ,,gr9d+ ,,cry/al ,,balls ,,& ,,o!r ,,h>d ,,/one ,,objects ,,9 ,,g]many ,,& ,,france #bai ,,japanese ,,me?od ,,( ,,*ipp+1 ,,gr9d+ ,,& ,,poli%+ ,,rock-,,cry/al ,,balls #bai ,,rock-,,cry/al ,,sph]e ,,) ,,?ree-,,figure ,,m\nt+ #bba 8,,phantom ,,cry/al0 ,,( ,,qu>tz 7,,rock-,,cry/al7 #bbd ,,rock-,,cry/al ,,balls #bbd ,,amb] ,,he>t-,,%ap$ ,,amulet #bbh ,,an ,,inscrib$ ,,sc>ab ,,( ,,! ,,type ,,kn[n ,,z ,a ,,he>t-,,sc>ab #bbh ,,babylonian ,,axe ,,head #bcc ,,mani ,m,l1 ,,or ,,*a9 ,,( ,,gems #bdb ,,sculptur$ ,,jade ,,m\nta9 ,,weigh+ #fdj ,,lbs #bde ,,votive ,,adze ,,( ,,jadeite ,,f ,,mexico #bdi ,,/atue ,,( ,a ,,maori ,,w>rior1 ,,by ,,sigurd ,,ne&ross #bed ,,jadeite ,,celts #bfd ,,/aurolite ,,cry/als 7,,fairy ,,/ones7 #bga ,,frontispiece ,,( ,,! 8,,ve/itus ,,sac]dotum ,,hebr,,orum10 ,,( ,,johann ,,braun1 ,,am/]dam1 #afhj #bge ,,silv] ,,cross ,,) ,,qu>tz ,,cat',s-,,eye #bhf ,,specim5s ,,( ,,*ia/olite 7,,lapis ,,crucif]7 #bhf ,,facsimile ,,( ,,! ,,betro?al ,,r+ ,,( ,,! ,,virg9 ,,9 ,,! ,,ca!dral ,,( ,,p]ugia #cag ,,moss ,,agates #ccj ,,! ,,figures ,,( ,,! ,,planets ,,) ,,_! ,,significant ,,/ones #ccb ,,! ,,zodiacal ,,/ones ,,) ,,_! ,,signs #cdc ,,necklaces 7,,fir/ ,,c5tury1 ,a4,d41 ,,& ,,anci5t ,,p]sian7 #cdf ,,/atuette ,,kn[n ,,z ,,t ,,( ,,sa9te ,,foy1 ,,9 ,,! ,,abbey-,,*ur* ,,at ,,conques1 ,,dept4 ,,aveyron1 ,,france #cef ,,inscription ,,on ,a ,,small ,,piece ,,( ,,lime/one1 ,,9 ,,cursive ,,egyptian ,,writ+--,,an ,,anci5t ,,prescription #cfh ,,necklaces--7#a7 ,,c>nelian ,,beads2 7#b7 ,,onyx ,,beads #cgj ,,facsimile ,,page ,,( ,,italian ,,vellum ,,manuscript ,,treatise ,,( ,,! ,,virtues ,,( ,,gems #cgd ,,initials ,,f ,,! ,,lapid>io ,,de ,,alfonso ,x #cgg ,,l9e ,,cuts ,,9 ,,text ,,title ,,page ,,( ,,! ,,fir/ ,,edition ,,( ,,! ,,poetical ,,treatise ,,on ,,preci\s ,,/ones ,,by ,,m>bodus1 ,,bi%op ,,( ,,r5nes1 ,,pr9t$ ,,9 ,,friburg1 #aeca #ae ,,title ,,page ,,( ,,! ,,fir/ ,,edition ,,( ,,! ,,greek ,,treatise ,,by ,,/4 ,,epiphanius ,,on ,,! ,,gems ,,( ,,! ,,brea/plate1 ,,) ,a ,,lat9 ,,v]sion #af ,,title ,,page ,,( ,,"o ,,( ,,! ,,e>lie/ ,,treatises ,,on ,,preci\s ,,/ones ,,publi%$ ,,9 ,,engl& #ag ,,pe>l ,,deal] #db ,,an ,,air-,,%ip ,,( #agji #ec ,,! ,,tree ,,t ,,exudes ,,amb] #ef ,a ,,practical ,,te/ ,,( ,,! ,,virtues ,,( ,,! ,,blood/one ,,to ,,prev5t ,,nose-,,ble$ #fj ,,c>nelian ,,seal1 ,,worn ,,by ,,napoleon ,i1 ,,napoleon ,,iii1 ,,& ,,! ,,pr9ce ,,imp]ial #fd ,,specim5 ,,page ,,( ,,italian ,,manuscript ,,( ,,f\rte5? ,,c5tury #gg ,,obsidian ,,mirror1 ,,f ,,oaxaca1 ,,mexico4 ,,n[ ,,9 ,,trocad,,ro ,,museum1 ,,p>is #ii ,,rock-,,cry/al ,,skull1 ,,anci5t ,,mexican #ajj ,,engrav$ ,,heliotrope #abd ,,engrav$ ,,r$ ,,jasp] #abd ,,gno/ic ,,gems #abg ,,antique ,,jade ,,celt ,,conv]t$ ,,into ,a ,,gno/ic ,,talisman #abi ,,monogram ,,( ,,! ,,"n ,,( ,,*ri/ ,,engrav$ ,,on ,,an ,,onyx ,,gem #acf ,,two ,,gold ,,r+s ,,set ,,) ,,engrav$ ,,onyx ,,gems #ach ,,! 8,,orphanus ,,jewel0 ,,9 ,,! ,,g]man ,,imp]ial ,,cr[n #adg ,,title ,,page ,,( ,,rob]t ,,boyle',s ,,"w ,,on ,,! ,,orig9 ,,& ,,virtues ,,( ,,gems #afi ,,title ,,page ,,( ,a ,,gr\p ,,( ,,treatises ,,by ,,v>i\s ,,au?ors1 ,,collect$ ,,& ,,edit$ ,,by ,,conrad ,,gesn] ,,at ,z,,ri* ,,9 #aefe #beh ,,! ,,hebrew ,,high-,,prie/ ,,attir$ ,,) ,,8 ,,ve/m5ts #bgi ,,! ,,brea/plate ,,unfold$1 ,i1 ,,ii2 ,,ephod ,,) ,,brea/plate ,,fold$ ,,& ,,atta*$1 ,,iii #bha ,,title ,,page ,,( ,,! ,,edition ,,( ,,m>bodus ,,on ,,preci\s ,,/ones1 ,,publi%$ ,,9 ,,cologne1 #aeci #bij ,,c>nelian1 ,,engrav$ ,,) ,,! ,,zodiacal ,,signs1 ,,taurus1 ,,leo ,,& ,,capricorn2 ,,9 ,,! ,,c5tre ,a ,,six-,,ray$ ,,/>1 ,,! ,,=m ,,( ,,"o ,,( ,,^! ,,rays ,,d5ot+ ,a ,,comet #cbb ,! ,curi\s ,lore ( ,preci\s ,/ones ,i ,sup]/itions & ,_! ,s\rces ,f ! e>lie/ times 9 man's hi/ory gems & preci\s /ones h be5 held 9 great e/eem4 ,!y h be5 f\nd 9 ! monum5ts ( prehi/oric peoples1 & n alone ! civilization ( ! ,ph>aohs1 ( ! ,incas1 or ( ! ,montezumas inve/$ ^! brilliant ?+s f ,nature's jewel casket ) a significance beyond ! m]e sugge/ion ( _! intr9sic prop]ties4 ,! magi1 ! wise m51 ! se]s1 ! a/rolog]s ( ! ages gone by f\nd mu* 9 ! matt] ( gems t we h ne>ly come to =gett+4 ,) !m ea* gem possess$ c]ta9 planet>y attractions peculi> to itself1 c]ta9 aff9ities ) ! v>i\s virtues1 & a zodiacal concordance ) ! seasons ( ! ye>4 ,moreov]1 ^! e>ly sages 7 firm believ]s 9 ! influ5ce ( gems 9 "o's nativity1--t ! evil 9 ! _w c\ld be kept f contam9at+ a *ild prop]ly protect$ by we>+ ! appropriate talismanic1 natal1 & zodiacal gems4 ,inde$1 folklori/s are wont to wond] :e!r ! cu/om ( we>+ gems 9 jewelry did n orig9ate 9 ! talismanic idea in/ead ( 9 ! idea ( m]e additional adornm5t4 ,! influ5ce ex]t$ by preci\s /ones 0 assum$ 9 m$ieval times )\t "q1 b :5 ! _s ( inve/igation 0 ar\s$ 9 ! ,r5aissance p]iod1 an ef=t 0 made to f9d a reason ( "s sort = ! traditional beliefs4 ,/range z x may seem to u1 !re 0 little disposition to d\bt t ! influ5ce exi/$2 ?is 0 tak5 = grant$1 & all ! m5tal ef=t exp5d$ 0 devot$ to f9d+ "s plausible explanation z to h[ preci\s /ones became end[$ ) _! /range & my/ic virtues1 & h[ ^! virtues act$ 9 modify+ ! "*1 heal?1 or =tunes ( ! we>]4 ,:5 ! exi/5ce ( miracles is ackn[l$g$1 !re w always be a t5d5cy to reg>d e s+ul> & unacc\ntable happ5+ z a miracle2 t is to say1 z some?+ t occurs outside (1 or 9 spite (1 ! laws ( nature4 ,we ev5 obs]ve ?is t5d5cy at "w 9 our own "t4 ,z reg>ds visual impressions1 = in/ance1 if a *ild ( lively imag9ation ent]s a half-light$ room & sees a bundle ( clo!s ly+ 9 a corn]1 ! indi/9ct outl9e ( ?is mass may be trans=m$ to 8 m9d into ! =m ( a wild animal4 ,! *ild does n really see an animal1 b 8 fe> has giv5 a def9ite outl9e & "* to ! indef9ite image pr9t$ on ! ret9a4 ,! writ] has always s\ght to inve/igate any?+ /range & app>5tly unacc\ntable :i* has be5 br\ght to 8 notice1 b he c truly say he has nev] f\nd ! slighte/ evid5ce ( any?+ transc5d+ ! ackn[l$g$ laws ( nature4 ,/ill1 :5 we consid] ! m>vell\s secrets t h be5 reveal$ to u by sci5ce & ! yet m wond]ful ?+s t w be reveal$ to u 9 ! future1 we are tempt$ to ?9k t !re may be some?+ 9 ! old beliefs1 "s residuum ( fact1 susceptible inde$ ( explanation1 b v diff]5t f :at a crass scepticism supposes x to be4 ,above all1 ! results ( ! inve/igations n[ pursu$ 9 relation to ! gr\p ( ph5om5a embrac$ "u ! designation ( telepa?y1--! subconsci\s influ5ce ( "o m9d ov] an abs5t or di/ant m9d1--& ! wireless transmission ( p[] 9 wireless telegraphy & telephony1 may g f> to make u hesitate be=e condemn+ z utt]ly prepo/]\s _m ( ! tales ( en*antm5t & magical influ5ce4 ,if ! unconsci\s w ( "o individual c affect ! ?\ghts & feel+s ( ano!r individual at a great di/ance & )\t ! int]v5tion ( any kn[n means ( communication1 z is confid5tly ass]t$ by _m compet5t inve/igators 9 ! doma9 ( telepa?y1 _! claims be+ support$ by _m /range happ5+s1 p]haps ! result ( co9cid5ce1 b possibly due to ! op]ation ( "s unkn[n law1 does ?is n give a color ( v]ity to ! /atem5ts reg>d+ ! anci5t magicians & _! spells8 ,auto-sugge/ion may also af=d an explanation ( mu* t is my/]i\s 9 ! effects attribut$ to preci\s /ones1 = if ! we>] be firmly conv9c$ t ! gem he is we>+ produces c]ta9 results1 ?is conviction w impress itself ^u 8 ?\ght & h5ce ^u 8 v organism4 ,he w really exp]i5ce ! influ5ce1 & ! effects w manife/ !mselves j z p[]fully z ?\gh !y 7 caus$ by vibrations or emanations f ! mat]ial body ( ! /one4 ,all ?is may s]ve to expla9 ! p]si/5ce ( ! belief 9 magic arts4 ,a few hundr$ ye>s ago1 a ,hung>ian woman 0 accus$ ( hav+ murd]$ two or ?ree hundr$ "y girls1 & at h] trial %e confess$ t h] object 0 to use ! blood ( h] victims to r5ew h] y\? & beauty1 = ! blood ( innoc5t virg9s 0 suppos$ to h wond]ful prop]ties4 ,9 "s p>ts ( ,engl& today !re is a sup]/iti\s belief t an article ( clo?+ worn by a p]son1 or any?+ he has habitually us$1 absorbs a portion ( 8 individuality4 ,!re=e1 x sometimes happ5s t a h&k]*ief1 = in/ance1 w be /ol5 & p9n$ d[n b5ea? ! wat]s ( a /ream on a toad1 ! p9s m>k+ ! "n ( ! enemy1 ! belief be+ t z ?is clo? wa/es away1 s w ! body ( him :o _h worn x4 ,9 m$ieval & lat] times ?is 0 ! common practice ( ! sorc]]s1 al?\gh !y frequ5tly compos$ a wax figure rudely resembl+ ! p]son aga9/ :om ! spell 0 direct$1 & !n ?ru/ p9s into ?is figure or all[$ x to melt away be=e a sl[ fire4 ,! en*antm5t ( ! sorc]] 0 suppos$ to h caus$ "s ess5ce ( ! p]sonality to ent] into ! image1 & !re=e ! liv+ & brea?+ be+ felt sympa!tically ! effects ( ! ill-treatm5t inflict$ ^u its c\nt]feit4 ,! p]si/5ce ( ! mo/ cruel & unnatural practices ( old-"t sorc]y is illu/rat$ by ! fact t only a few ye>s ago1 9 ! isl& ( ,cuba1 ?ree wom5 7 condemn$ to dea? = murd]+ a :ite baby s z to use ! he>t & blood z a cure = diseases4 ,f\r o!r wom5 7 s5t5c$ to f f\rte5 to tw5ty ye>s' imprisonm5t z accomplices4 ,:5 su* ?+s happ5 9 ,cuba1 x is n surpris+ t 9 half-civiliz$ ,hayti simil> crimes are committ$4 ,"h ! ,voodoo prie/s & prie/esses1 papalois & mamalois 7papa-k+s & mama-que5s7 require f "t to "t a human sacrifice to appease _! s]p5t-god4 ,"o /range case is relat$ :]e a /upefy+ potion1 induc+ a /ate ( app>5t dea?1 0 secretly adm9i/]$ to a sick man4 ,:5 ! att5d+ physician pron\nc$ him dead1 he 0 duly int]r$2 b1 two days aft]1 ! grave 0 f\nd op5 & ! body _h disappe>$4 ,! ,voodoo wor%ipp]s _h c>ri$ ! man away s z to revive him & !n sacrifice him at _! fe>ful rites4 ,9 a poem address$ to ,m>gu]ite de ,valois1--8,la ,m>gu]ite des ,m>gu]ites10 z %e 0 call$1--by ,jean de la ,taille de ,bond>oy1#a we read ( ! diamond t x came f gold & f ! sun4 ,b we are told t n only are preci\s /ones end[$ ) life1 !y also are subject to disease1 old age1 & dea?2 8!y ev5 take (f5ce if an injury be done to !m1 & become r\gh & pale40 ,! sickness ( ! pe>l has be5 a !me = c5turies1 & 9 _m cases is only fanci$4 ,x is b a subt]fuge or deception = a lady to rem>k t h] pe>ls h sick5$2 by ref]r+ to ?is sickness1 h] fri5ds are naturally l$ to believe t at "o "t h] pe>ls 7 f9e1 p]fect ones1 :5 9 reality !y may nev] h be5 s4 ,! op9ion giv5 9 #afji1 by ,anselmus ,de ,boot1 c\rt physician to ,rudolph ,,ii ( ,g]many1 reg>d+ ! p[] inh]5t 9 c]ta9 preci\s /ones1#b embodies ! ideas on ?is subject held by _m ( ! enlight5$ m9ds ( t p]iod4 ,! sup]natural & act+ cause is ,god1 ! good angel & ! evil "o2 ! good by ! w ( ,god1 & ! evil by ,8 p]mission4444 ,:at ,god c d by ,himself1 ,he c\ld d also by means ( m9i/]s1 good & bad angels1 :o1 by special grace ( ,god & = ! pres]vation ( m51 are enabl$ to ent] preci\s /ones & to gu>d m5 f dang]s or procure "s special grace = !m4 ,h[ev]1 z we may n affirm any?+ positive t\*+ ! pres5ce ( angels 9 gems1 to repose tru/ 9 !m1 or to ascribe undue p[]s to !m1 is m especially pleas+ to ! _s ( evil1 :o trans=ms himself into an angel ( light1 /eals into ! sub/ance ( ! little gem1 & works su* wond]s by x t "s p d n place _! tru/ 9 ,god b 9 a gem1 & seek to obta9 f x :at !y %\ld ask ( ,god alone4 ,?us x is p]haps ! _s ( evil :i* ex]cises its p[] on u ?r\gh ! turquoise1 tea*+ u1 little by little1 t safety is n to be s\ght f ,god b f a gem4 ,9 ! next *apt] ( 8 "w1 ,de ,boot1 :ile extoll+ ! rem$ial p[] ( a c]ta9 gr\p ( /ones1 insi/s ^u ! falsity ( _m ( ! sup]/itions reg>d+ ^! objects4#c ,t gems or /ones1 :5 appli$ to ! body1 ex]t an action ^u x1 is s well prov5 by ! exp]i5ce ( _m p]sons1 t any "o :o d\bts ?is mu/ be call$ ov]-bold4 ,we h pro( ( ?is p[] 9 ! c>nelian1 ! hematite1 & ! jasp]1 all ( :i* :5 appli$1 *eck hemorrhage4444 ,h[ev]1 x is v necess>y to obs]ve t _m virtues n possess$ by gems are falsely ascrib$ to !m4 ,p>acelsus1 ! gift$ & brilliant ?9k]1 sci5ti/1 &1 we mu/ probably add1 *>latan ( ! sixte5? c5tury1 ^: really extraord9>y m5tal end[m5t 0 l>gely wa/$ 9 ! ef=t to impress 8 foll[]s ) ! idea t he _h a my/ic control ov] sup]natural ag5cies1 0 ! own] ( a talismanic jewel :i* he ass]t$ to be ! dwell+-place ( a p[]ful _s nam$ 8,azo?40 ,"s old portraits ( ! philosoph]1 or pseudo-philosoph]1 figure him we>+ ?is jewel1 9 ^: virtues we may fairly d\bt t he himself believ$1 b :i* furni%$ "p ( ! p>aph]nalia be freely employ$ to ga9 influ5ce ov] ! cr$ul\s4#d ,! foll[+ passage f ! 8,fai?ful ,lapid>y0 ( ,?omas ,nicols1#e :o wrote 9 ! middle ( ! sev5te5? c5tury1 illu/rates ! prevail+ op9ion 9 ,engl& at t "t z to ! virtues ( preci\s /ones3 ,p]fectionem effects cont9]i 9 causa4 ,b x _c truly be s spok5 ( gemms & preci\s /ones1 ! effects ( :i*1 by ,lapidi/s are said to be1 ! mak+ ( m5 ri* & eloqu5t1 to pres]ve m5 f ?und] & lightn+1 f plagues & diseases1 to move dreams1 to procure sleep1 to =etell ?+s to come1 to make m5 wise1 to /r5g!n memory1 to procure hon\rs1 to h9d] fasc9ations & wit*crafts1 to h9d] slo?fulness1 to put c\rage into m51 to keep m5 *a/e1 to increase fri5d%ip1 to h9d] diff]5ce & diss5tion1 & to make m5 invisible1 z is feign$ by ! ,poet conc]n+ ,gyges r+1 & affirm$ by ,alb]tus & o!rs conc]n+ ! oph?almius lapis1 & _m o!r /range ?+s are affirm$ ( !m & ascrib$ to !m1 :i* are contr>y to ! nature ( gemms1 & :i* !y z !y are mat]iall1 mixt1 inanimate bodies nei!r "k nor c effect1 by ! prop]ties & faculties ( _! own con/itutions3 because !y be+ naturall causes1 c produce none o!r b naturall effects1 su* z are all ! ord9>y effects ( gemms3 t is1 su* effects z fl[ f _! elem5t>y matt]1 f _! temp]1 =m & ess5ce2 su* z are ! op]ations ( hot & cold1 & ( all ! fir/ qualities1 & all su* accid5ts z d arise f ! commixtion ( ! fir/ qualities3 su* z are h>dnesse1 heav9esse1 ?icknesse1 col\r1 & ta/4 ,^! all are ! naturall faculties ( gemms1 & ^! are ! kn[n effects ( ! union ( _! matt]1 & ( ! op]ation ( ! fir/ qualities "o ^u ano!r4 ,! long-cont9u$ conc5tration ( vision on an object t5ds to produce a p>tial p>alysis ( c]ta9 functions ( ! bra94 ,?is effect may be not$ 9 ! helplessness ( a bird :5 its gaze is fix$ ^u ! glitt]+ eyes ( a s]p5t1 or 9 ! unwill+ ob$i5ce yield$ by a lion or "s o!r wild animal :5 =c$ to look into ! int5t eyes ( its tra9]4 ,9 ! same way ^? :o gaze = a long "t & )\t int]ruption on a cry/al or glass ball1 on an opal1 a moon/one1 a sapphire1 or a cat's-eye1 may become p>tially hypnotiz$ or ev5 fall into a pr(\nd sleep4 ,! condition induc$1 :e!r x be t ( semi-trance1 ( hypnotism1 or simply due to ! imag9ative work+s ( ! bra91 is believ$ to give an insight into ! future4 ,?is hypnotic effect is probably caus$ by "s gleam or po9t ( light 9 ! /one1 attract+ & fix+ ! behold]'s gaze4 ,! moon/one1 ! /> sapphire1 & ! cat's-eye are all gems :i* possess a mov+ light1 a mov+ l9e1 or ?ree cross$ l9es1 & !y are believ$ by ! ,ori5tals to be gems ( good luck4 ,inde$1 x is suppos$ 9 ! ,ea/ t a liv+ _s dwells )9 ^! /ones1 a _s pot5t = good4 ,sup]/iti\s fancies be> ! same relation to tru? t ! %ad[ ( a =m does to ! =m itself4 ,we "k t ! %ad[ has no sub/antial exi/5ce1 & yet we "k equally well t x is ca/ by "s real body2 9 ! same way we may be sure t1 h[ev] fooli% a sup]/ition may appe> to be1 x has "s f\ndation 9 fact4 ,inde$1 sup]/ition is associat$ ) ! highe/ attribute ( ! human m9d1--imag9ation4 ,! realities ab\t u ga9 mu* ( _! *>m f s5tim5t1 & all t is great 9 art & lit]ature owes its be+ to ! trans=m+ en]gy ( pure imag9ation4 ,morbid imag9ation1 on ! o!r h&1 di/orts & degrades ! impressions x receives & produces only unlovely or ignoble =ms & ideas4 ,s5tim5t may be/ be express$ z ! feel+ ( "o :o1 on a w>m summ]'s day1 is r[+ along a %ady brook or re/+ 9 "s sylvan dell1 ) no?+ to int]f]e ) 8 tranquil mood & no?+ to spur him on to action2 ?us he has only sugge/ions ( hope & indulges 9 rosy views ( life4 ,reality1 on ! o!r h&1 may be lik5$ to a crisp w9t]'s morn+ :5 "o is fill$ ) exhil>ation1 consci\s ( ! t+le ( ! cold1 b com=table 9 ! k ( we>+ a tightly-button$ g>m5t :i* w af=d protection %\ld ! elem5ts become di/urb+4 ,sup]/ition1 la/ly1 c be said to resemble a d>k1 cold1 mi/y night1 :5 ! moon is ?r[+ malevol5t %ad[s :i* are weird & di/ort$1 :ile ! cold seems to seize "o by ! ?roat & ar\se a passionate desire to free "o's self f its grip 9 "s way1 to *ange a horrible nightm>e into a pleasant dream4 ,9 ! e>ly "p ( ! la/ c5tury a s]ies ( v int]e/+ exp]im5ts design$ to demon/rate ! effects produc$ ^u a s5sitive subject by ! t\* ( preci\s /ones & m9]als1 7 made 9 ! case ( ! 8,se]ess ( ,prevor/10 ,fr$]ike ,hauffe 7b4 #ahja71 a woman believ$ to possess rem>kable clairvoyant p[]s4#f ,:5 pieces ( granite1 porphyry1 or fl9t 7 plac$ 9 h] h&1 %e 0 n affect$ 9 any way4 ,! f9e/ qualities ( fluorsp>1 on ! o!r h&1 _h a m>k$ action1 relax+ ! muscles1 caus+ di>rha1 & produc+ a s\r ta/e 9 ! m\?2 occasionally a somnambuli/ic /ate 0 induc$4 ,?is latt] condition 0 also produc$ by ,icel& sp> & by ! sapphire4 ,:ile ! sub/ances s f> not$ depress$ ! vital en]gy1 sulphate ( b>ium /imulat$ ! muscles1 produc$ an agreeable w>m? ( ! body1 & made ! subject feel z ?\gh %e c\ld fly ?r\gh ! air4 ,if ! application ( ?is mat]ial 0 long cont9u$1 ! pleasurable s5sation f\nd expression 9 laught]4 ,9 ! case ( )]ite1 a c>bonate ( b>ium1 ?is effect 0 produc$ to an ev5 great] degree1 = if wat] 9 :i* ?is m9]al _h be5 dipp$ 7 swall[$1 spasms ( laught] result$4 ,rock-cry/al also 0 f\nd to possess a /rongly /imulat+ influ5ce1 = if put 9 ! h&1 x ar\s$ ! subject f a half-slumb]1 & if plac$ on ! pit ( ! /oma*1 x _h ! p[] to awak5 ! se]ess f a somnambuli/ic trance1 :ile at ! same "t an aromatic odor 0 diffus$ ar\nd4 ,:51 h[ev]1 ! application 0 cont9u$ = "s "t1 ! muscles /iff5$1 until f9ally an epileptic /ate ensu$4 ,inde$1 ! rigidity produc$ 0 s great t ! limbs resi/$ all attempts to b5d !m4 ,! same effect1 b 9 a mu* less degree1 0 caus$ by glass1 ev5 by look+ at x1 or by ! tones emitt$ by a glass object :5 /ruck4 ,all colorless silicates1 ! diamond1 & ev5 gypsum1 _h a simil> effect1 z did also heliotrope & basalt1 ei!r ( :i* caus$ a bitt] ta/e 9 ! m\?4 ,! mo/ p[]ful action 0 t ex]t$ by hematite1 ! oxide ( iron 9 ?is sub/ance induc+ a k9d ( p>alysis1 ) a s5sation ( inn] *ill2 ?is condition c\ld only be reliev$ by ! application ( a piece ( )]ite4 ,octah$rons ( magnetite 7load/one7 caus$ a s5sation ( heav9ess & convulsive movem5ts ( ! limbs1 ev5 :5 ! mat]ial1 wrapp$ up 9 pap]1 0 br\ght ne> ! subject4 ,sp9el1 9 ^: composition oxide ( *romium ent]s1 caus$ ! same symptoms z load/one1 except t 9 ?is case ! =ce seem$ to ex]t itself f ! h& upw>d along ! arm1 :ile ) ! load/one ! action 0 d[nw>d along ! arm to ! h&1 ow+ to ! attractive quality ( ?is magnetic iron4 ,ruby call$ =? a s5sation ( coldness 9 ! tongue1 & r5d]$ ?is memb] s heavy t only incoh]5t s\nds c\ld be emitt$2 ! f+]s & toes also became cold1 & ! body 0 agitat$ by a viol5t %iv]+2 b to all ^! bad symptoms succe$$ a s5se ( ela/icity & well-be+1 n1 h[ev]1 )\t a vague fe> t ! /one might cause a r5ewal ( ! physical depression4 ,:5 *rysoprase 0 us$1 *ills & %iv]+ result$1 beg9n+ at ! brea/ & spread+ !nce ov] ! :ole body4 ,illu/ration3 ,,rock-,,cry/al ,,amulet ,,set ,,9 ,,silv]4 ,bohemian1 t5? c5tury4 ,field ,museum ( ,natural ,hi/ory4 ,illu/ration3 ,,rock-,,cry/al ,,placque1 ,,anci5t ,,mexican4 ,field ,museum ,collection1 ,*icago4 ,we h t\*$ ^u ! hypnotic influ5ce ex]cis$ by gems1 b !re c be no d\bt t ! subject has n be5 z c>efully /udi$ z x des]ves to be4 ,t ! hypnotic /ate c be induc$ by gaz+ fix$ly ^u a bright object held j above ! eyes is a well-kn[n fact1 b q probably a simil> ?\gh n s pron\nc$ effect results f gaz+ on a bright object j be=e ! gaz]'s eyes4 ,9 ! case ( color$ preci\s /ones1 ! effects ( ! v>i\s color-rays comb9e ) ! light effects & /r5g!n ! impression ^u ! optic n]ve4 ,all ?is1 h[ev]1 conc]ns only ! purely physical impression1 b we "k t v (t5 ! hypnotic /ate is produc$ by a m5tal impression1 by ! belief1 or ! fe>1 t ! /ate w sup]v5e4 ,) preci\s /ones z hypnotiz+ ag5ts1 ! m5tal impression is widely diff]5t1 = "h ! physical impression is height5$ by ! consci\sness ( ! value & r>ity ( ! mat]ial4 ,! fasc9ation t a f9e set ( jewels1 ) all _! sp>kle & color1 ex]cises ^u ! m9d ( a woman :o sees !m 9 _! glori\s radiance on ! neck1 ! arms1 & ! head ( ano!r woman1 is n only due to ! beauty ( ! spectacle1 b is l>gely ow+ to ! consci\sness t !y are r>e & valuable objects & are p]haps eloqu5t witnesses ( ! p[] ( love4 ,a da% ( envy sometimes s]ves to r5d] ! emotion m complex4 ,! names ( preci\s /ones & semi-preci\s /ones are frequ5tly us$ z adjectives1 & :5 s employ$ convey some?+ m to ! m9d ?an d ! correspond+ adjectives ( color4 ,we may in/ance ! foll[+ expressions3 ! 8,em]ald ,isle0 & 8em]ald mead[s02 8sapphire seas0 & 8sapphire eyes02 8ruby w9e10 8ruby lips10 &1 9 ,%akespe>e1 8! natural ruby ( y\r *eeks02 8coral lips0 & 8coral e>s02 8pe>ly tee?0 & 8pe>ly sk902 8turquoise skies02 8ame?y/9e locks0 &1 9 ,roman times1 8amb] hair40 ,9 all ^! cases ! "n ( ! preci\s m9]al is really us$ z a sup]lative ( ! adjective1 sugge/+ ! *oice/ v>iety ( ! color or %ade4 ,! phrases 8h>d z adamant0 & 8cle> z cry/al0 %[ a simil> use ( ! "n ( a preci\s or ornam5tal /one to express ! highe/ grade ( a giv5 quality4 ,be=e ! introduction ( ! 8po9t0 sy/em 9 typography ?ree ( ! grades ( type bore ! names ( preci\s /ones1--namely1 8diamond type10 8agate type10 & 8em]ald type02 ?is latt] designation is employ$ only 9 ,engl&1 :]e 8agate type0 is call$ 8ruby type40 ,ano!r size 0 d5om9at$ 8pe>l type40 ,a fanciful tale writt5 n long ago treats ( ! practical inconv5i5ces :i* w\ld result1 c\ld su* metaphorical expressions f9d a realization 9 fact4#g ,at ! bir?-fea/ ( a c]ta9 pr9cess1 "o ( ! fairies 0 n invit$2 %e1 nev]!less1 made h] appe>ance4 ,aft] ! o!r fairies _h end[$ ! *ild ) _m good qualities1 ! neglect$ fairy said1 8,i w give h] vanity1 & h] vanity %all *ange h] beauty to ! ?+s x is said to resemble40 ,h[ev]1 a fri5dly fairy came to ! rescue1 say+1 8,i w give h] unselfi%ness1 & by x %e %all turn h] beauty back to :at %e wi%es x to be40 ,! result c easily be imag9$4 ,z ! little pr9cess grew up1 ^? :o wi%$ to flatt] h] vanity spoke ( h] 8tee? ( pe>l10 ( h] 8gold5 hair10 ( h] 8coral lips10 & ( h] 8sapphire eyes40 ,^u ?is h] tee? *ang$ to pe>ls1 h] hair to spun gold1 h] lips to coral1 & h] eyes to two magnific5t sapphires4 ,h[ev]1 beautiful z ^! 71 !y did n grant ! p[] ( sight1 s t ! unhappy pr9cess became bl9d4 ,n long aft] ?is a revolution depriv$ ! k+ & que5 ( _! ?rone & !y 7 r$uc$ to great pov]ty4 ,9 ^! /raits ! daught] sacrific$ h] 8gold-hair0 to relieve _! wants1 & imm$iately ! spell 0 dissolv$ & %e rega9$ all h] natural beauty4 ,%elley1 :o saw ! _w illum9$ by ! ra9b[ hues ( poetic fancy1 wrote ( 8diamond eyes10 8an em]ald sky10 8! em]ald heav5 ( trees10 8! sapphire ocean10 8sapphire-t9t$ skies10 8! sapphire floods ( int]/ell> air10 & 8! *rysolite ( sunrise40 ,= "s reason1 he does n use ! ruby1 a favorite /one ) _m poets1 & psy*ologi/s might f9d 9 ?is a pro( t r$ appeals less /rongly to ! ideali/ ?an d ! o!r colors4 ,! pr9cipal lit]>y s\rces = ! talismanic & !rapeutic virtues attribut$ to ornam5tal /ones may be divid$ into sev]al gr\ps1 at fir/ m or less indep5d5t ( ea* o!r1 b comb9$ to a great] or less] ext5t by lat] writ]s4 ,pl9y gives1 sometimes r grudg+ly1 a numb] ( sup]/itions curr5t 9 8 "t1 b ! ,alex&rian lit]ature ( ! second1 ?ird1 & f\r? ,*ri/ian c5turies provides a mu* ri*] field = ^! sup]/itions1 z %[n 9 ! ,orphic poem 8,li?ica10 ! 8,cyrianides10 attribut$ to ,h]mes ,trismegi/us1 ! little treatise 8,on ,riv]s10 :i* bore ! "n ( ,plut>*1 & la/1 b n lea/1 9 ! "w by ,damig]on1 :i* purport$ to be writt5 by an ,arab k+ nam$ ,evax1 & s5t by him to ,tib]ius or ,n]o4 ,! influ5ce ex]t$ by ! leg5ds surr\nd+ ! /ones ( ! high prie/'s brea/plate1 & ^? *os5 z f\ndation /ones = ! ,new ,j]usalem1 w be treat$ ( else:]e4 ,9 ! sev5?1 eigh?1 & n9? c5turies1 a new lit]ature on ?is subject made its appe>ance1 probably 9 ,asia ,m9or4 ,"s ( ! works 7 orig9ally writt5 9 ,syriac & lat] translat$ into ,arabic4 ,o!rs 7 compos$ 9 ! latt] language4 ,?is s\rce 0 drawn ^u = ! production ( ! ,lapid>ium ( ,alfonso ,x1 ( ,ca/ile4 ,?is compilation1 al?\gh dat+ 9 its pres5t ,spani% =m f ! ?irte5? c5tury1 is bas$ ^u a mu* old] orig9al 9 8,*aldee0 7,syriac874 ,!re c be little d\bt t _m ,h9du sup]/itions1 no long] pres]v$ = u 9 ! lit]ature ( ,india1 are reproduc$ 9 ^! ,syrio-,arabic works1 :]e9 we h also mu* t is ( ,alex&rian orig94 ,?is inde$ is easily expla9$ by hi/ory1 = ! ,arabs1 ?r\gh _! widely ext5d$ conque/s1 7 l$ to absorb & amalgamate ! data !y secur$1 directly or indirectly1 f ! ,ea/ & ! ,we/4 ,:ile ?is lit]ature 0 develop+ 9 ! ,mohamm$an _w1 ! tradition ( ,pl9y & ,sol9us 0 transmitt$ to ! ,*ri/ian _w ( ! sev5? & succe$+ c5turies by ,isidorus ( ,seville4 ,?is br+s u to ! rem>kable poetical treatise on ! virtues ( preci\s /ones by ,m>bodus1 ,bi%op ( ,r5nes1 a "w writt5 at ! end ( ! elev5? c5tury1 & (t5 quot$ z t ( ,evax2 inde$1 x purports to be by him & really conta9s a good "p ( ! mat]ial compos+ ! treatise ( ,damig]on or ,evax4 ,at ! same "t ,m>bodus drew freely ^u ,pl9y1 ei!r directly or ?r\gh ,isidorus4 ,= ! ,middle ,ages ?is poem ( ,m>bodus1 already translat$ into ,old ,fr5* 9 ! twelf? c5tury1 became kn[n z ! 8,lapid>io0 p> excell5ce1 & furni%$ a great "p ( _! mat]ial to m$ieval au?ors on ?is subject4 ,soon1 h[ev]1 extracts f ! ,arabic s\rces became available1 & ! :ole mass ( het]og5e\s mat]ial 0 work$ ov] & recomb9$ 9 a v>iety ( ways4 ,illu/ration3 ,title page ( ! fir/ edition ( ! poetical treatise on preci\s /ones by ,m>bodus1 ,bi%op ( ,r5nes1 pr9t$ 9 ,friburg1 #aeca4 ,?is complex orig9 ( ! traditions expla9s _! almo/ incompreh5sible contradictions reg>d+ ! virtues assign$ to ! diff]5t /ones1 & also ! fact t ! qualities ( "o /one are frequ5tly attribut$ to ano!r "o1 s t1 9 ! lat] works on ?is subject1 x becomes q impossible to pres5t a satisfactory view ( ! di/+ui%+ qualities & virtues ( ! sep>ate /ones4 ,! habit ( copy+1 )\t discrim9ation or criticism1 :atev] came to h&1 & ! aim to utilize z mu* ( ! borr[$ mat]ial z possible1 is sc>cely less a *>act]i/ic ( ! sev5te5? & eighte5? c5tury writ]s ?an x is ( ^? ( a lat] date4 ,?is is 9 "p an excusable & ev5 an unavoidable defect1 b x %\ld be m9imiz$ z mu* z possible4 ,illu/ration3 ,title page ( ! fir/ edition ( ! ,greek treatise by ,/4 ,epiphanius on ! ,gems ( ! ,brea/plate1 ) a ,lat9 v]sion4 ,edit$ & issu$ at ,zri* 9 #aeff 7#aefe7 by ,conrad ,gesn]4 ,! treatise kn[n "u ! title 8,cyrianides0 01 z we h not$1 a product ( ! ,alex&rian s*ool4 ,x 0 ass]t$ to be ! "w ( ,h]mes ,trismegi/us1 ! "n giv5 by ! ,greeks to ! ,egyptian god ,?o?4 ,"h we h a specim5 ( ! species ( magic kn[n z litt]omancy1 or div9ation by means ( ! lett]s ( ! alphabet1 s9ce a /one1 a bird1 a plant1 & a fi%1 ea* beg9n+ ) ! same lett] & signify+ ! f\r elem5ts1 are giv5 = ea* ( ! tw5ty-f\r lett]s ( ! ,greek alphabet4 ,^! f\r objects 7 to be gr\p$ toge!r to =m a talisman1 ! bird be+ usually engrav$ on ! /one1 :ile a portion ( ! fi% & ( ! plant 0 plac$ 9 ! bezel ( ! r+ 9 :i* ! /one 0 to be set4#h ,ano!r1 almo/ contempor>y "w1 is ! exce$+ly curi\s & int]e/+ treatise by ,/4 ,epiphanius1 ,bi%op ( ,con/antia1 on ! twelve gems on ! 8,brea/plate ( ,judgm5t0 ( ! high prie/ 7,ex41 xxviii1 #ae-ba74 ,?is unique production is 9 ! =m ( a lett] address$ to ,diodorus1 ,bi%op ( ,tyre1 & x is peculi>ly valuable z ! fir/ ( a long s]ies ( attempts to elucidate ! "q z to ! id5tity ( ! twelve /ones4 ,! special virtues ( ea* /one are also giv51 & ?is treatise may be reg>d$ z ! prototype ( all ! ,*ri/ian writ+s on ! symbolism ( /ones4 ,a mo/ int]e/+ m$ieval treatise on ! virtues ( preci\s /ones =ms "p ( ! ,de r]um natura ( ,?omas de ,cantimpr 7#abja-abgj71 :o 0 a pupil ( ,alb]tus ,magnus & compos$ 8 "w betwe5 #abcj & #abdd4 ,! ,lat9 text has nev] be5 pr9t$1 b ! book 0 translat$ into ,g]man by ,konrad von ,meg5b]g ab\t #acej4 ,/range to say1 ! translator did n "k ! "n ( ! writ] & suppos$ :5 he began to translate ! book t x 0 by ,alb]tus ,magnus4 ,9 _m cases ,?omas de ,cantimpr m]ely copies ! /atem5ts ( old] au?ors1 b occasionally he gives u new mat]ial1 or at lea/ a new v]sion ( 8 orig9als4 ,illu/ration3 ,title page ( "o ( ! e>lie/ treatises on preci\s /ones publi%$ 9 ,engl&4 ,! r5[n$ m$ieval philosoph] & !ologian1 ,alb]tus ,magnus 7#aaic-abhj71 = a %ort "t ,bi%op ( ,ratisbon1 & :o lat] taught !ology 9 ! ,univ]sity ( ,p>is & _h ! great ,/4 ,?omas ,aqu9as = a pupil1 0 n altoge!r free f ! sup]/iti\s notions ( 8 "t1 traces ( :i* appe> 9 c]ta9 ( 8 num]\s writ+s4 ,_m ye>s aft] 8 dea? "s ( ?is mat]ial 0 extract$ f 8 works &1 amplifi$ by additions f o!r s\rces1 0 publi%$ "u ! title 8,secrets des v]tus des ,h]bes1 ,pi]res et ,be/es40 ,( ?is !re are two v]sions1 "o be+ an epitome ( ! o!r & t]m$ respectively 8,le ,gr& ,alb]t0 & 8,le ,petit ,alb]t40 ,^! little books 7 (t5 repr9t$ & widely circulat$1 & ev5tually enjoy$ great popul>ity among ! ,fr5* peasants4 ,inde$1 ev5 to ! pres5t day !y may /ill be met ) 9 out-(-!-way p>ts ( rural ,france4 ,among lit]>y deceptions "o ( ! bolde/ 0 t practis$ 9 ! e>ly "p ( ! sev5te5? c5tury by ,ludovico ,dolce4 ,?is writ] made1 9 #aefe1 a lit]al translation into ,italian ( ! 8,speculum lapidum0 ( ,camillo ,leon>do1 pr9t$ 9 ,v5ice 9 #aejb1 & he _h ! c\rage to issue x z 8 own "w1 "u ! title 8,trattato delle gemme * produce la natura40 ,9 view ( ! g5]al famili>ity ) ,lat9 among ! bett] classes at t p]iod1 & ! num]\s f9e libr>ies exi/+ 9 ,v5ice at ! "t1 x seems mo/ extraord9>y t ,dolce %\ld h be5 successful 9 palm+ (f ?is "w z 8 own1 b ev5 to-day citations are made f ,dolce's 8,trattato delle gemme0 & f ,leon>do's 8,speculum lapidum10 z ?\gh ^! 7 di/9ct works4 ,,ii ,on ! ,use ( ,preci\s & ,semi-,preci\s ,/ones z ,talismans & ,amulets ,! use ( preci\s /ones 9 e>ly times z amulets & talismans is %[n 9 _m anci5t records1 & sev]al s*ol>s h assum$ t ! belief 9 ! magic efficacy ( /ones gave rise to _! use z objects ( p]sonal adornm5t4 ,x is1 ( c\rse1 v difficult ei!r to prove or to disprove su* a !ory1 =1 ev5 9 ! case ( ! olde/ texts1 we mu/ be> 9 m9d t !y d n 9 ! lea/ repres5t primitive conditions1 & t _m ?\s&s ( ye>s mu/ h elaps$ be=e a p c\ld atta9 ! grade ( civilization necess>y = ! production ( ev5 ! simple/ lit]ature4 ,= ?is reason1 c]ta9 inve/igators h pref]r$ to seek = a solution ( ?is problem 9 ! cu/oms & habits ( ! s-call$ unciviliz$ peoples ( our own "t2 b we mu/ n =get t conditions :i* seem to u v rudim5t>y are1 nev]!less1 ! result ( a long process ( developm5t4 ,ev5 if ?is developm5t 0 arre/$ _m c5turies or mill5niums ago1 x mu/ h requir$ a v consid]able p]iod ( "t to evolve su* usages & conv5tions z are f\nd ev5 among ! l[e/ races4 ,inde$1 _m unciviliz$ peoples h v complicat$ rules & obs]vances1 te/ify+ to consid]able ?\ght & reflection4 ,feti*ism 9 all its =ms dep5ds ^u an imp]fect conception ( :at con/itutes life & consci\s be+1 s t w & ?\ght are attribut$ to inanimate objects4 ,we c obs]ve ?is 9 ! case ( animals & v "y *ildr51 :o reg>d any mov+ object z end[$ ) life4 ,9 ! case ( /ones1 h[ev]1 x seems probable t ^? suppos$ to be ! abode ( spirits1 good or evil1 7 select$ because _! natural =m sugge/$ t ( "s animal or ( "s portion ( ! human body4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ! we>+ ( :at we call preci\s /ones is m likely to h be5 due to ! attraction ex]cis$ by bright colors ^u ! eye ( ! behold] & to ! desire to display "s di/+ui%+ m>k t w\ld comm& att5tion & admiration = ! we>]4 ,?is t5d5cy runs ?r\gh ! high] animal k+dom1 & its work+s h s]v$ z a f\ndation = ! !ory ( natural selection4 ,x seems likely t we h "h ! true explanation ( ! motive = ! ga!r+1 pres]v+1 & we>+ ( preci\s /ones4 ,s9ce ^! objects are motionless1 !y c sc>cely h impress$ ! m9d ( primitive man ) ! idea t !y 7 alive2 !y 7 n impos+ by _! mass1 z 7 l>ge /ones1 & _! cry/all9e =m sc>cely figur$ any kn[n liv+ %ape4 ,h5ce _! *ief1 we may ev5 say _! only attraction 0 _! color & brilliancy4 ,:at effect ^! qualities _h ^u ! visual s5se ( primitive man may be safely inf]r$ f ! effect su* objects produce ^u infants4 ,! baby has no fe> 9 reg>d to a small & brilliantly color$ object :i* is %[n to x1 b w eag]ly put out its h& to seize1 hold1 & gaze ^u a bright-color$ /one4 ,z ! object is q passive & easily h&l$1 !re is no?+ to sugge/ any lurk+ p[] to h>m1 & !re=e !re is no?+ to int]f]e ) ! pleasurable s5sation ar\s$ 9 ! optic n]ve by ! play ( color4 ,9 ?is nave admiration ( :at is brilliant & color$1 ! infant und\bt$ly repres5ts = u ! m5tal attitude ( primitive man4 ,illu/ration3 #a4 ,necklace ( rock-cry/al & ame?y/ beads1 transp>5t & transluc5t2 v pale2 f ,egypt4 ,fir/ c5tury4 #b4 ,necklace ( antique em]alds ) gold beads & amazon /ones2 f ,egypt4 ,fir/ c5tury ,a4,d4 ,probably ! fir/ objects *os5 = p]sonal adornm5t 7 ^? easily /rung or b\nd toge!r1--= in/ance1 c]ta9 p]=at$ %ells & brilliant se$s2 ! s(t] /ones1 :]e9 holes c\ld be easily bor$ by ! help ( ! simple/ tools1 probably came next1 :ile ! h>d] gems mu/ h be5 ho>d$ z pretty toys long be=e !y c\ld be adju/$ = use z ornam5ts4 ,unque/ionably1 :5 ^! objects _h once be5 worn1 !re 0 a disposition to attribute c]ta9 happ5+s to _! influ5ce & p[]1 & 9 ?is way !re arose a belief 9 _! efficacy1 &1 f9ally1 ! conviction t !y 7 ! abodes ( p[]ful spirits4 ,9 ?is1 z 9 _m o!r ?+s1 man's fir/ & in/9ctive appreciation 0 ! true/1 & x has requir$ c5turies ( enlight5m5t to br+ u back to ?is love ( preci\s /ones = _! e/hetic beauty alone4 ,inde$1 ev5 to-day1 we c see ! p[] ( sup]/iti\s belief 9 ! case ( ! opal1 :i* "s timid p /ill fe> to we>1 al?\gh until ?ree or f\r c5turies ago ?is /one 0 ?\ght to comb9e all ! virtues ( ! v>i\s color$ gems1 ! hues ( :i* are unit$ 9 its sp>kl+ light4 ,a pro( t bright & color$ objects 7 attractive 9 !mselves1 & 7 fir/ ga!r$ up & pres]v$ by primitive man = ?is reason alone1 may be f\nd 9 ! fact t c]ta9 birds1 notable ! ,*lamyd]a ( ,au/ralia1 relat$ to our rav5s1 aft] con/ruct+ = !mselves pretty arbors1 /rew ! floors ) v>iegat$ pebbles1 s arrang$ z to sugge/ a mosaic pavem5t4 ,at ! entrance ( ! arbors are heap$ up pieces ( bone1 %ells1 fea!rs1 & /ones1 :i* h (t5 be5 br\ght f a consid]able di/ance1 ?is giv+ evid5ce t ! birds h n select$ ^! objects at r&om4 ,x is /range t ! attraction ex]cis$ ^u ! s5se ( sight by any?+ brilliant & color$1 :i* is at ! same "t easily portable & c be h&l$ or worn1 %\ld be ov]look$ by ^? :o are dispos$ to ass]t t all ornam5ts ( ?is k9d 7 orig9ally select$ & pres]v$ solely or pr9cipally because ( _! suppos$ talismanic qualities4 ,! !ory t color$ & brilliant /ones 7 fir/ collect$ by m5 because ( _! beauty r ?an because ( _! talismanic virtues1 is corroborat$ by ! /atem5t made t seals select ) consid]able c>e ! /ones !y swall[1 & obs]v]s on ! fi%+ gr\nds h not$ ?is & believe t pebbles ( *alc$ony & s]p5t9e f\nd !re h be5 br\ght by ! seals4#i ,! popul> d]ivation ( ! ^w 8amulet0 f an ,arabic ^w hamalt1 signify+ some?+ susp5d$ or worn1 is n accept$ by ! be/ ,arabic s*ol>s1 & x seems probable t ! "n is ( ,lat9 orig91 9 spite ( ! fact t no v satisfactory etymology c be giv54 ,pl9y's use ( amuletum %[s t ) him ! ^w did n always d5ote an object t 0 worn on ! p]son1 al?\gh ?is lat] became its mean+4 ,! old etymology giv5 by ,v>ro 7#aah-bi ,b4,c471 :o d]iv$ amuletum f ! v]b amoliri1 8to remove10 8to drive away10 may n be q 9 accord ) mod]n philology1 b /ill has some?+ to recomm5d x z f> z ! s5se goes1 = ! amulet 0 c]ta9ly believ$ to hold dang]s alo(1 or ev5 to remove !m4 ,talisman1 h[ev]1 a ^w n us$ 9 classical times1 und\bt$ly comes f ! ,arabic tilsam1 ?is be+ 9 turn d]iv$ f 1 us$ 9 late ,greek to signify an initiation1 or an incantation4 ,x has be5 rem>k$ t 9 ! e>lie/ ,/one ,age !re is no trace ( ei!r idols or images2 ! art ( ?is p]iod be+ entirely pr(ane4 ,9 ! lat] ,/one ,age1 h[ev]1 entirely diff]5t ideas seem to h ga9$ ! asc5dancy1 = a majority ( ! objects ( pla/ic art s f> discov]$ h a religi\s significance4 ,?is has evid5tly proce$$ f ! conception t e image ( a liv+ object absorbs some?+ ( ! ess5ce ( ! object itself1 & ?is conception1 :ile a primitive "o1 /ill presupposes a c]ta9 degree ( developm5t4 ,?is rule applies m especially to amulets1 :i* 7 !re=e fa%ion$ z beautifully z primitive art p]mitt$1 t !y might become fitt+ abodes = ! b5evol5t spirits believ$ to animate !m & r5d] !m efficaci\s4#aj ,a curi\s idol or talisman f ,h\al\1 ,new ,cal$onia1 is 9 ! collection ( ,signor ,giglioli4 ,?is is a /one be>+ naturally a rude resemblance to ! human =m4#aa ,we c easily und]/& t su* an object 0 look$ ^u z ! abode ( "s _s1 = simil> /range natural =mations h be5 reg>d$ ) a species ( sup]/iti\s awe by peoples mu* m civiliz$ ?an ! natives ( ,new ,cal$onia4 ,= ! ,middle ,ages & ev5 d[n to ! sev5te5? c5tury1 ! talismanic virtues ( preci\s /ones 7 believ$ 9 by high & l[1 by pr9ces & peasants1 by ! le>n$ z well z by ! ignorant4 ,"h & !re1 h[ev]1 a note ( scepticism 0 sometimes app>5t1 z 9 ! fam\s reply ( ! c\rt je/] ( ,emp]or ,*>les ,v1 to ! "q1 8,:at is ! prop]ty ( ! turquoise80 8,:y10 repli$ he1 8if y %\ld happ5 to fall f a high t[] :il/ y 7 we>+ a turquoise on y\r f+]1 ! turquoise w\ld rema9 unbrok540 ,! doctr9e ( sympa?y & antipa?y f\nd expression 9 ! belief t ! v sub/ance ( c]ta9 /ones 0 liable to modification by ! condition ( heal? or ev5 by ! ?\ghts ( ! we>]4 ,9 case ( sickness or approa*+ dea? ! lu/re ( ! /ones 0 dimm$1 or else _! bright colors 7 d>k5$1 & unfai?fulness or p]jury produc$ simil> ph5om5a4 ,conc]n+ ! turquoise1 ! prosaic explanation c be (f]$ t ?is /one is affect$ to a c]ta9 ext5t by ! secretions ( ! sk92 b popul> sup]/ition saw ! same ph5om5a 9 ! ruby1 ! diamond1 & o!r /ones n possess+ ! s5sitiv5ess ( ! turquoise4 ,h5ce ! true explanation is to be f\nd 9 ! prevail+ idea t an occult sympa?y exi/$ betwe5 /one & we>]4 ,! s5tim5t und]ly+ ! conception is well express$ by ,em]son 9 ! foll[+ l9es f 8,! ,amulet03 ,give me an amulet ,t keeps intellig5ce ) y1-- ,r$ :5 y love1 & rosi] r$1 ,& :5 y love n1 pale & blue4 ,a ,p]sian leg5d ( ! orig9 ( diamonds & preci\s /ones %[s t 9 ! ,ea/ ^! beautiful objects 7 look$ ^u z ! s\rce ( mu* s9 & sorr[4 ,we are told t :5 ,god creat$ ! _w he made no useless ?+s1 su* z gold1 silv]1 preci\s /ones1 & diamonds2 b ,satan1 :o is always eag] to br+ evil among m51 kept a close wat* to spy out ! appetites & passions ( ! human m9d4 ,to 8 great satisfaction he not$ t ,eve passionately lov$ ! _m-color$ fl[]s t deck$ ! ,g>d5 ( ,ed52 he !re=e und]took to imitate _! brightness & color out ( e>?1 & 9 ?is way 7 produc$ color$ preci\s /ones & diamonds4 ,^! 9 aft] "t s /rongly appeal$ to ! gre$ & covet\sness ( mank9d t !y h be5 ! cause ( mu* crime & wret*$ness4#ab ,! pres5t age c\ld af=d u ne>ly z _m examples ( fai? 9 talismans & amulets z any epo* 9 ! pa/1 if p 7 will+ to confess _! real beliefs4 ,h[ev]1 !y are half-a%am$ ( _! fondness = su* objects1 & fail to see t1 back ( all ! folly & sup]/ition t may f9d expression 9 ?is way1 !re is a deep] mean+ 9 ^! talismans ?an we at fir/ p]ceive4 ,we may be dispos$ to smile :5 we are told t _m ( ! soldi]s 9 ! ,au/ro-,prussian ,w> ( #ahff c>ri$ amulets ( "s k9d ^u _! p]sons1 & t ! great ,m>%al ,canrob]t tru/$ to ! protection ( an amulet 9 ! ,crimean campaign4 ,( c\rse ! ,russian army1 dur+ ! ,russo-,japanese ,w>1 0 amply provid$ ) amulets1 religi\s m$als or pictures to :i* a special virtue _h be5 giv5 by a prie/ly bless+4 ,9 all ^! cases1 h[ev]1 x is n ! object itself1 b ! idea = :i* x /&s & :i* x incorporates1 t gives confid5ce to ! we>]1 & 9 ?is s5se ! we>+ ( a talisman is no m a pro( ( bl9d sup]/ition ?an is ! devotion to a flag1 9 itself only a few squ>e feet ( silk or bunt+1 b1 nev]!less1 ! symbol ( ! noble/ ideas & feel+s1 ( patriotic devotion to "o's native l& & to "o's fell[-c\ntrym54 ,! t5d5cy to give a sub/antial visible =m to an ab/ract idea is s deeply root$ 9 humanity t x mu/ be look$ ^u z respond+ to a human necessity4 ,x is only v r>ely t purely intellectual conceptions c satisfy u2 !y mu/ be giv5 "s ext]nal1 palpable & visible =m to ex]t _! great] influ5ces4 ,al?\gh x may be> a c]ta9 sup]ficial lik5ess to feti*ism1 ?is use ( signs & symbols is some?+ entirely & radically diff]5t1 = ! idea is nev] lo/ sight (1 x is only /r5g!n$ & vivifi$ by ! contemplation ( ! symbol4 ,h5ce1 :ile we "k q well t ! symbol is no?+ 9 itself1 we "k j z well t x has a real p[] 9 its relation to ! idea x typifies1 & we c no m be indiff]5t to its injury or de/ruction ?an we c\ld be indiff]5t to ! injury or de/ruction ( a *]i%$ mem5to ( "o :om we h lov$ & lo/4 ,:at sup]-subtle s5se is x t enables "s wom5 to end[ _! gems ) a c]ta9 individuality1 & leads !m to feel t ^! cold1 inanimate objects p>take ( human emotion8 ,a ,fr5* writ]1 ,mme4 ,catulle ,m5ds1 gives expression to ?is :5 %e says t %e always we>s z _m ( h] r+s z possible1 because h] gems feel slight$ :5 %e leaves !m unworn4 ,%e cont9ues3 ,i h a ruby :i* gr[s dull1 two turquoises :i* become pale z dea?1 aquam>9es :i* look l sir5's eyes fill$ ) te>s1 :5 ,i =get !m too long4 ,h[ sad ,i %\ld feel if preci\s /ones did n love to re/ ^u me6 ,illu/ration3 ,,mosaics ,,( ,,turquoise ,,& ,,enamell$ ,,c>nelian ,,beads1 ,,f ,,?ibet4 ,field ,museum1 ,*icago4 ,a v beautiful & curi\s object 0 f\nd 9 ! ,au/ralian opal-fields 9 #aiji4 ,?is is a reptilean skeleton resembl+ a small s]p5t t has become opaliz$ by natural processes4 ,p]fect 9 all its details1 :i* are r5d]$ m /rik+ by ! spl5did play ( color1 ?is specim5 ( ,nature's h&iwork possesses a beauty & an int]e/ exce$+ ^? to be f\nd 9 any "w ( man4 ,z an amulet x c]ta9ly is sui g5]is1 & 9 anci5t times w\ld h be5 valu$ at an imm5se sum1 = ! figure ( a s]p5t 0 a favorite symbol ( m$ical sci5ce2 ev5 to-day !re is little d\bt t ?is /range object w be eag]ly s\ght = by collectors1 & w appeal m especially to all :o are int]e/$ 9 occult sci5ce1 & to all :o appreciate ! poetic & p]haps my/ic significance ( =m1 sign1 & symbol4 ,x is impossible to ov]-e/imate ! effect ( color 9 det]m9+ ! suppos$ influ5ce ( gems ^u ! =tunes or heal? ( ! we>]s4 ,:5 we gaze ^u ! beautiful play ( light emitt$ by a f9e ruby or sapphire1 we are all consci\s ( ! /hetic effect produc$2 b 9 e>li] times1 :5 sci5tific ideas 7 n yet preval5t1 _m o!r consid]ations comb9$ to give a peculi> significance to ^! brilliant gems4 ,r>e & co/ly z !y 71 !y 7 suppos$ to possess my/ic & occult p[]s & 7 ?\ght to be ! abode ( spirits1 sometimes b5evol5t & sometimes malevol5t1 b always end[$ ) ! p[] to influ5ce human de/9ies = weal or woe4 ,c\pl$ ) ?is 0 ! in/9ctive appreciation ( ! ess5tial qualities ( c]ta9 rays ( light1 & mod]n sci5ce1 f> f do+ away ) ^! ideas1 has r seem$ to f9d a good reason = !m4 ,we all "k ! !rapeutic value ( ! ultra-violet rays1 & :5 ! un9/ruct$ m9d saw !re9 ! embodim5t ( purity & *a/ity1 x p]haps realiz$ ?is heal?-giv+ & b5efic5t function4 ,9 ! same way ! idea ( passion 0 associat$ ) ! r$ & radiant ruby1 ano!r concept ! relative tru? ( :i* has be5 demon/rat$ by spectrum analysis1 s9ce ! r$ rays are heat-giv+ & vivify+4 ,b ?is 0 n ! only s\rce ( ^! primitive ideas 9 reg>d to color2 ! !rapeutic effect 0 (t5 s\ght & f\nd 9 "s fanci$ analogy betwe5 ! color ( ! gem & ! "* ( ! malady or infirmity to be cur$4 ,?us1 yell[ /ones 7 suppos$ to be especially efficaci\s 9 cases ( jaundice1 an in/ance ( in/9ctive homopa?y1 bas$ on ! dictum similia similibus curantur4 ,foll[+ out ?is tra9 ( ?\ght1 ! r$ /ones 7 end[$ ) ! p[] ( *eck+ ! fl[ ( blood2 especially ! s-call$ blood/one 0 prescrib$ = ?is use1 & x 0 suppos$ t by its m]e t\* x c\ld /op ! mo/ viol5t hemorrhages4 ,gre5 0 reg>d$ z ! color mo/ b5eficial = ! sight1 & to ! em]ald & o!r gre5 /ones 0 ascrib$ great curative p[] 9 ?is respect4 ,"h1 h[ev]1 ! simple influ5ce ( ! color 0 lat] comb9$ ) its symbolical significance4 ,9 hea!n my?ology ?is %[$ itself 9 ! ascription ( ! em]ald to ,v5us1 z ! expon5t ( ! reproductive en]gies ( nature1 :ile 9 ! ,*ri/ian conception ^! /ones became typical ( ! resurrection1 ( ! bir? into a new & pur] life4 ,n[h]e c we f9d a bett] illu/ration ( ! trans=m+ effect ( di/9ct & diametrically opposite concepts ^u ! impressions made by natural objects4 ,! pure & colorless & yet brilliant /ones1 su* z ! diamond & all o!r :ite /ones1 7 naturally br\ght into connection ) ! moon1 al?\gh ! diamond1 because ( its sup]ior qualities & exceptional brilliance & value1 0 frequ5tly look$ ^u z ! gem ( ! sun4 ,all gems associat$ ) ! moon p>took ( its enigmatic "*4 ,illum9at+ ! wit*+ h\r ( ! night1 :5 malevol5t & trea*]\s spirits 7 suppos$ to hold sway1 ! moon 0 sometimes reg>d$ z baleful1 z may be se5 9 ! idea t associat$ lunacy ) exposure to ! bright rays ( ! moon2 at o!r times x 0 suppos$ to h ! p[] to conjure ^! evil influ5ces & to drive (f ! p[]s ( d>kness4 ,! symbolical significance ( ! colors ( preci\s /ones is treat$ at consid]able l5g? by ,giac9to ,gimma1#ac :o has ga!r$ toge!r a great quantity ( mat]ial on ! subject4 ,yell[ worn by a man d5ot$ secrecy1 & 0 appropriate = ! sil5t lov]2 worn by a woman x indicat$ g5]osity4 ,gold5 yell[ 01 ( c\rse1 ! symbol ( ! sun & ( ,sunday4 ,! preci\s /one 0 ! *rysolite or ! yell[ jac9?4 ,! animal connect$ ) ! color 0 ! lion1 d\btless1 f ! association ( ! zodiacal sign ,leo ) ! midsumm] sun4 ,( ! sev5 ages ( man yell[ typifi$ adolesc5ce4 ,roman matrons cov]$ _! heads ) a yell[ veil to %[ _! hope ( (fspr+ & happ9ess4 ,because g>m5ts ( ?is color 7 a sign ( gr&eur & nobility1 a gold5 ve/m5t is assign$ to ! ,que5 ( ,heav5 z a sign ( h] pre-em95ce1 z we read 9 ,psalm xlv1 #i3 8,^u ?y "r h& did /& ! que5 9 gold ( ,ophir40 ,gimma's explanation ( ?is z ref]r+ to ! ,virg9 ,m>y is 9 accord ) ! ,ca?olic exegesis ( 8 "t4 ,:ite signifi$ = m5 fri5d%ip1 religion1 integrity2 = wom51 contemplation1 affability1 & purity4 ,x 0 associat$ ) ! moon & ) ,monday & 0 repres5t$ by ! pe>l4 ,! animal hav+ an aff9ity ) :ite 0 q naturally ! erm9e4 ,! my/ic numb] 0 sev51 & :ite 0 ! color ( infancy4 ,among ! anci5ts :ite 0 a sign ( m\rn+ & sadness1 & ! ,greek matrons attir$ !mselves 9 :ite on ! dea? ( _! husb&s4 ,gimma /ates t 9 8 "t1 9 ,rome1 wid[s us$ to we> :ite z m\rn+ = _! husb&s1 :ile ?r\gh\t ,italy a :ite b& worn ar\nd ! head 0 a sign ( wid[hood4 ,r$ g>m5ts on a man indicat$ comm&1 nobility1 lord%ip1 & v5geance2 on a woman1 pride1 ob/9acy1 & haught9ess4 ,?is 0 ! color ( ! planet ,m>s & ( ,tuesday2 x 0 repres5t$ by ! ruby4 ,:y ! lynx %\ld h be5 select$ z ! animal = r$ is r difficult to und]/&1 b1 z ! mo/ vivid color1 ! *oice ( r$ z a type ( full manhood ne$ n surprise u4 ,its numb] 0 ! pot5t n9e1 ?ree multipli$ by itself4 ,! anci5ts cov]$ ) a r$ clo? ! bi]s ( ^? :o _h di$ valiantly 9 battle1 z ,hom]#ad %[s :5 he relates t ! bro!rs & companions ( ,hector cov]$ ! urn conta9+ ! h]o's a%es ) s(t purple 7sc>let7 robes4 ,plut>* ass]ts t ! ,lac$emonians clo!d _! soldi]s 9 r$ to /rike t]ror into ! he>ts ( _! enemies & to manife/ a ?ir/ = blood4 ,we might p]haps say mu* ! same ( ! ,engli% 8r$-coats0 to-day4 ,! ,italian code ( crim9al laws kn[n z ! 8,dige/o ,nuovo0 0 b\nd 9 r$1 to signify t a bloody dea? await$ ?ieves & murd]]s4 ,blue on a man's dress indicat$ wisdom & high & magnanim\s ?\ghts2 on a woman's dress1 jeal\sy 9 love1 polit5ess1 & vigilance4 ,friday & ,v5us 7 repres5t$ by blue1 & ! cele/ial-hu$ sapphire 0 ! /one 9 :i* ?is color appe>$ 9 all its beauty4 ,blue 0 a fit symbol ( ! age ( *ildhood1 b x is less easy to und]/& ! *oice ( ! goat z ! animal associat$ ) ! color4 ,! significant numb] 0 six4 ,natural sci5ce1 ! contemplation ( ! heav5s & ( ! heav5ly bodies1 & ! /udy ( /ell> influ5ces 7 all typifi$ by blue4 ,gre5 signifi$ = m5 joy\sness1 transitory hope1 & ! decl9e ( fri5d%ip2 = wom51 unf\nd$ ambition1 *ildi% delight1 & *ange4 ,! e>ly v]dure ( spr+ might be reg>d$ z at once a symbol ( hope & ( ev5tual disappo9tm5t1 = x mu/ soon pass away4 ,m]cury1 & ,w$nesday1 ! day ( ,m]cury1 7 bo? typifi$ by gre51 ! sly fox be+ select$ z ! animal is sympa?y ) ! wily god4 ,! typical gre5 /one is ! em]ald1 y\? is ! age ( man repres5t$ by ! color1 & five ! magic numb] express+ x4 ,9 anci5t times gre5 0 us$ 9 ! case ( ^? :o di$ 9 ! fl[] ( y\?1 an em]ald be+ sometimes plac$ on ! index-f+] ( ! corpse1 z a sign t ! light ( hope 0 sp5t1 = ! l[] "p ( ! tor*es us$ 9 religi\s c]emonies 0 m>k$ ) gre54 ,fulvius ,pellegr9us relates t1 9 ! tomb ( ,tullia1 ! de>ly-belov$ daught] ( ,cic]o1 !re 0 f\nd an em]ald1 ! mo/ beautiful t _h ev] be5 se54 ,?is pass$ into ! h&s ( ! ,m>*esana di ,mantova1 ,isabella ,gonzaga da ,e/e4 ,9 ,italy ! graves ( "y virg9s & ( *ildr5 7 cov]$ ) gre5 bran*es4 ,:5 ! ,codex ,ju/9ianus 0 r$iscov]$ & add$ to ! o!r ,p&ects1 x 0 b\nd 9 gre5 to signify t ^! laws 7 rejuv5at$4 ,black = m5 means gravity1 good s5se1 con/ancy1 & =titude2 = "y wom51 fickl5ess & fooli%ness1 b = m>ri$ wom51 con/ant love & p]sev]ance4 ,! planet ,saturn & ,saturday are d5ot$ by black4 ,/range to say1 ! diamond1 ! :ite gem p> excell5ce1 0 select$ to repres5t ?is sombre hue4 ,p]haps to (fset ?is ! animal *os5 0 ! hog4 ,z black 0 a m\rn+ color1 we ne$ n be surpris$ t x typifi$ decrepitude4 ,! numb] eight1 ! d\ble squ>e1 0 suppos$ to h "s aff9ity ) black4 ,black is a symbol ( envy1 = ! ?\ghts :i* aim at ano!r's injury cl\d ! s\l & afflict ! body4 ,! book ( laws treat+ ( dispositions made 9 view ( dea? 0 b\nd 9 black4 ,! s9i/] significance ( black is well illu/rat$ by :at is told ( ! ru?less ,t>t> ,tam]lane4 ,:5 he attack$ a city1 he caus$ a :ite t5t to be pit*$ = himself on ! fir/ day ( ! siege1 z a sign t m]cy w\ld be %[n to ! inhabitants if !y imm$iately surr5d]$2 on ! second day a r$ t5t 0 sub/itut$1 signify+ t if ! city yield$1 all ! lead]s w\ld be put to dea?2 on ! ?ird day1 h[ev]1 a black t5t 0 rais$1 an om9\s signal t no m]cy w\ld be %[n & t all ! inhabitants w\ld be slaught]$4 ,violet = a man d5ot$ sob] judgm5t1 indu/ry1 & gravity2 = a woman1 high ?\ghts & religi\s love4 ,x 0 ! color ( ! planet ,jupit] & ( ,?ursday4 ,z ) blue1 ! sapphire 0 conceiv$ to pres5t violet mo/ attractively4 ,t ! bull %\ld be select$ z ! animal repres5t$ by ?is color probably arose f "s my?ological connection ) ,jupit]1 possibly ! my? ( ,europa & ! bull4 ,violet 0 ! color ( old age & 0 associat$ ) ! numb] ?ree4 ,! influ5ce ( color ^u ! n]ves has be5 not$ by "s ( ! lead+ au?orities on hypnotism4 ,= example1 ,dr4 ,paul ,f]ez1 f9d+ t r$ light is /imulat+ & blue-violet calm+1 sugge/s t ^? :o treat pati5ts by means ( hypnotism %\ld h two rooms = _! reception4 ,9 "o ( ^! rooms ! curta9s1 wall-pap]1 *air-cov]+s1 etc41 w\ld be r$1 :ile 9 ! o!r !y w\ld be ( a violet-blue hue4 ,^? suff]+ f a lack ( w-p[] or f lassitude & depression are to be receiv$ 9 ! r$ room1 & ^? :o are a prey to ov]-excitability are introduc$ into ! blue room4 ,moreov]1 accord+ to ,dr4 ,f]ez1 ! s$ative qualities ( ! violet-blue c be utiliz$ 9 induc+ ! hypnotic /ate4 ,= ?is purpose he recomm5ds a violet-blue disk1 :i* is to be rotat$ rapidly be=e ! eyes ( ! pati5t1 ! movem5t s]v+ to attract & hold 8 gaze bett] ?an any immovable object w\ld d4#ae ,r$ /ones su* z rubies1 c>buncles1 & g>nets1 ^: color sugge/$ t ( blood1 7 n only believ$ to conf] invuln]ability f w\nds1 b "s ,asiatic tribes h us$ g>nets z bullets1 ^u ! contr>y pr9ciple t ?is blood-color$ /one w\ld inflict a m deadly w\nd ?an w\ld a lead5 bullet4 ,su* bullets 7 us$ by ! rebelli\s ,hanzas1 9 #ahib1 dur+ _! ho/ilities ) ! ,briti% troops on ! ,ka%mir fronti]1 & _m ( ^! preci\s missiles 7 pres]v$ z curiosities4 ,9 8 8,colloquy on ,pilgrimages10 ,erasmus makes "o ( ! speak]s ask1 8,do/ ?\ n see h[ ! artific] ,nature delights to repres5t all ?+s by colors & =ms1 b m especially 9 gems80 ,he !n proce$s to enum]ate ! v>i\s images ( natural objects 9 /ones4 ,9 ! c]aunia appe>$ ! ?und]-bolt2 9 ! pyrope1 liv+ fire2 ! *alazia 7rock-cry/al7 pres]v$ ! =m & coldness ( ! hail/one ev5 if ca/ into ! fire4 ,9 ! em]ald 7 %[n ! deep & transluc5t waves ( ! sea2 ! c>c9ia imitat$ ! =m ( crabs2 ! e*ites1 ( vip]s2 ! hi]acites1 ( hawks2 ! g]anites1 ( cranes4 ,! tites (f]$ ! image ( an eagle ) a :ite tail2 ! taos _h ! =m ( a peacock2 ! *elonites1 ( an asp2 :ile ! myrmecites bore )9 ! figure ( an ant4#af ,! /ones be>+ ?is latt] "n 7 probably specim5s ( amb] conta9+ ants4 ,! ,greek names ( ^! /ones enum]at$ by ,erasmus signify _! real or suppos$ resemblance to c]ta9 natural objects1 or to some?+ *>act]i/ic ( su* objects4 ,_m ( !m 7 fossils1 pres]v+ ! =m ( "s liv+ organism2 a few 7 entirely fabul\s2 /ill o!rs ow$ _! names to "s leg5d or my? illu/rat+ _! fanci$ !rapeutic virtues1 z 9 ! case ( ! tites 7eagle-/one7 said to be f\nd 9 ! eagle's ne/4 ,evid5tly ?is 0 a qu>tz pebble4 ,! olde/ magic =mulas t h be5 pres]v$ = u are ^? ( ! ,sum]ians1 ! f\nd]s ( ! anci5t civilization ( ,babylonia4 ,"s ( !m conta9 ref]5ces to ! use ( preci\s /ones z amulets1 z appe>s 9 ! foll[+ specim53 ,cords ( light-color$ wool1 ,(f]$ 787 ) a pure h&1 ,= jaundice ( ! eye1 ,b9d on ! "r side 7( ! pati5t74 ,a lululti r+1 ) sp>kl+ /ones ,br\ght f 8 own l&1 ,= inflammation ( ! eye1 ,on ! little f+] ,( 8 left 7h&71 place4#ag ,a curi\s ,babylonian my?ological text repres5ts ! sol> deity ,n9ib1 ! son ( ,bel1 z det]m9+ ! fate ( v>i\s /ones by pron\nc+ a bless+ or a curse ^u !m4 ,= in/ance1 ! dolomite 0 bless$ & decl>$ to be fit mat]ial = ! /atues ( k+s1 :ile a sub/ance call$ ! elu /one 0 curs$1 proclaim$ to be unfit = work+1 & doom$ to dis9tegration4 ,alaba/] 0 favor$ by ! god1 b *alc$ony ar\s$ 8 ang] & 0 condemn$4#ah ,9 ^! ,sum]o-,assyrian inscriptions1 !re is also m5tion ( two /ones1 ! aban rme & ! aban la rme1 ! 8,/one ( ,love0 & ! 8,/one ( ,hate0 7lit4 8non-love074#ai ,evid5tly ^! /ones 7 believ$ to excite "o or o!r ( ^! contradictory passions 9 ! he>ts ( ! we>]s1 & !y may be comp>$ ) ! /ones ( memory & =getfulness 9 ! 8,ge/a ,romanorum40 ,9 an anci5t ,egyptian burial-place at ,%* ,abd el-,qurna1 excavat$ by ,passalaqua1 0 f\nd ! mummy ( a "y woman4 ,n only 0 x evid5t f ! ri* ornam5ts adorn+ ! body t %e _h be5 ( noble bir?1 b x 0 also app>5t t %e mu/ h be5 exce$+ly beautiful 9 =m & feature1 & mu/ h di$ 9 ! fl[] ( h] age4 ,! hair 0 arti/ically braid$ & adorn$ ) tw5ty bronze hairp9s4 ,ab\t h] neck 0 a rem>kably beautiful necklace compos$ ( f\r r[s ( beads ) num]\s p5dants repres5t+ div9ities & sacr$ symbols4 ,!re 7 also two small] necklaces ) beads ( gold1 lapis-lazuli1 & c>nelian2 two l>ge jewell$ e>-r+s hung f h] e>s1 & on ! index-f+] ( h] "r h& 0 a r+ set ) a sc>ab2 a gold belt g>ni%$ ) lapis-lazuli & c>nelians 0 b\nd ab\t h] wai/ & a gold bracelet adorn$ ) semi-preci\s /ones encircl$ h] left wri/4 ,9 ! s>cophagus 0 a beautiful mirror ( gold5-yell[ bronze1 & ?ree alaba/] vases1 "o /ill conta9+ "s balm or p]fume1 & ano!r "s gal5a 7native lead sulphide7 to be us$ z a cosmetic = ! eyes1 z well z a little ebony p5cil = its application4 ,all ^! objects are n[ 9 ! ,egyptian collection ( ! ,b]l9 ,museum1 & !y probably belong to ! p]iod ( ! ,,xviii ,dyna/y1 ab\t #aejj ,b4,c4 ,illu/ration3 #a4 ,a necklace ( rock cry/al1 em]alds1 hexagonal cry/als1 & amazon /ones2 f ,egypt4 #b4 ,a necklace ( onyx & gold beads ) ! 8,lucky ,eye0 agates2 f ,egypt4 ,c>nelian1 s>d2 blue & :ite1 & black & :ite glass beads4 ,! pr9cipal necklace 0 und\bt$ly reg>d$ by ! fair ,egyptian z an amulet ( great p[]1 b x fail$ to protect h] f an untimely end2 p]haps1 h[ev]1 its virtues may h aid$ h] s\l 9 its passage ?r\gh ! trials & te/s impos$ 9 ! und]world4 ,( ! num]\s p5dants :i* l5t to ! necklace its peculi> quality z an amulet1 ?ree1 9 c>nelian1 figure ! god ,bes2 sev51 also 9 c>nelian1 ! hippopotamus-goddess ,to]is1 ( :om !re are besides two repres5tations 9 lapis-lazuli2 !n we h a he>t ( lapis-lazuli2 a cat ( lapis-lazuli2 f\r falcons ( c>nelian2 "o crocodile ( c>nelian & two ( lapis-lazuli2 f\r fi% ( c>nelian1 z well z two o!rs ( a blacki%-:ite & ( a gre5 /one1 respectively1 & two scorpions ( c>nelian1 & sev5 fl[]-=ms ( ! same /one4 ,! great] "p ( ! beads 9 ?is necklace are ( annul> =m1 ( gold1 electrum1 ivory1 or lapis-lazuli2 !re are a few l>g] annul> or sph]ical beads ( c>nelian1 *rysoprase1 & mala*ite1 & measur+ up to #c4e cm4 9 diamet]4#bj ,a necklace1 f ! "t ( ! ,old ,empire 7c4 #cejj ,b4,c471 & hav+ = its *ief adornm5t a turquoise p5dant rudely fa%ion$ into ! =m ( an ibex1 0 f\nd by ! ,g]man ,ori5t-,gesells*aft at ,abusr el-,meleq 9 #aije4 ,?is necklace1 ! p>ts ( :i* 7 f\nd ab\t ! neck ( a body1 presumably t ( a "y man1 0 compos$ ( r\nd$ & annul> beads ( c>nelian & %ell1 z well z ( flat1 p]=at$ fragm5ts ( turquoise & alm&9e g>net & an approximately loz5ge-%ap$ bead ( ame?y/ #a4g cm4 long & #a4d cm4 broad4 ,! *ief ornam5t 0 ! turquoise ibex #a4g cm4 9 l5g? & #j4i cm4 high4#ba ,?is figure sugge/s a comp>ison ) ! animal & bird =ms fa%ion$ out ( turquoise t h be5 f\nd 9 ,indian graves 9 ,arizona & ,new ,mexico1 & x probably _h ! quality ( a feti*1 or at lea/ ( a talisman1 int5d$ to gu>d ! we>] ( ! necklace f h>m4 ,t !re 0 9 ,egypt a /rong incl9ation to use a c]ta9 p>ticul> /one = a giv5 amulet1 w be not$ 9 ! case ( ^? inscrib$ ) special *apt]s ( ! ,book ( ! ,dead4 ,?is is also true ( amulets ( c]ta9 =ms4 ,= in/ance1 ! head-re/ amulet is usually ( hematite z is also ! c>p5t]'s squ>e4 ,( ! he>t amulets1 numb]+ #dg 9 ! ri* collections ( ! ,cairo ,museum1 n9e are ( c>nelian1 f\r ( hematite1 two ( lapis-lazuli1 & two ea* ( gre5 porphyry & gre5 jasp]1 c>nelian be+ ?us ! mo/ favor$ among ! m preci\s mat]ials4 ,amulets ( animal =m are pl5tifully repres5t$ 9 ?is collection1 figur+ a l>ge v>iety ( memb]s ( ! animal k+dom su* z ! hippopotamus1 crocodile1 lion1 bull1 c[1 h>e1 dog-head$ ape1 cat1 dog 7some:at d\btful71 jackal1 h$gehog1 frog1 hawk1 cobra & fi%es1 to :i* li/ may be add$ a f\r-head$ ram & a ram-head$ sph9x4#bb ,"o ( ! special uses ( amulets 0 = seaf>+ p1 =1 9 anci5t times especially1 all :o w5t d[n to ! sea 9 %ips 7 greatly 9 ne$ ( protection f ! fury ( ! elem5ts :5 !y emb>k$ 9 _! small sail+-vessels4 ,a fragm5t ( a ,greek ,lapid>y1#bc probably writt5 9 ! ?ird or f\r? c5tury ( our era1 gives a li/ ( sev5 amulets peculi>ly adapt$ = ?is purpose4 ,! numb] might sugge/ a connection ) ! days ( ! week1 & ! amulets 7 p]haps reg>d$ z mo/ efficaci\s :5 us$ on ! respective days4 ,9 ! fir/ 7 set a c>buncle & a *alc$ony2 ?is amulet protect$ sailors f dr[n+4 ,! second _h = its gem ei!r ( two v>ieties ( ! adamas1--"o1 ! ,mac$onian1 be+ lik5$ to ice 7?is 0 probably rock-cry/al71 :ile ! o!r1 ! ,indian1 ( a silv]y hue1 may possibly h be5 our corundum2 h[ev]1 ! ,mac$onian /one 0 reg>d$ z ! bett]4 ,! ?ird amulet bore ! b]yl1 8transp>5t1 brilliant1 & ( a sea-gre5 hue10 evid5tly ! aquam>9e b]yl2 ?is bani%$ fe>4 ,! f\r? _h = its gem ! druops1 8:ite 9 ! c5tre10 probably ! v>iety ( agate s mu* favor$ z a protector aga9/ ! spell ( ! ,evil ,eye4 ,a coral 0 plac$ 9 ! fif? amulet1 & ?is 0 to be atta*$ to ! pr[ ( ! %ip ) /rips ( seal-sk92 x gu>d$ ! vessel f w9ds & waves 9 all wat]s4 ,= ! six? amulet ! ophiokiolus /one 0 select$1 mo/ probably a k9d ( b&$ agate1 = x is said to h be5 girdl$ ) /ripes l ! body ( a snake2 :oev] wore ?is _h no ne$ to fe> ! surg+ ocean4 ,! sev5? & la/ ( ^! nautical amulets bore a /one call$ opsianos1 app>5tly a res9\s or bitum9\s mat]ial1 possibly a k9d ( jet2 ?is came f ,phrygia & ,galatia1 & ! amulet :]e9 x 0 set 0 a great protection = all :o j\rney$ by sea or by riv]4 ,! anci5t treatises on ! magic art %[ t ! use ( amulets 0 consid]$ to be indisp5sable = ^? :o d>$ to evoke ! d>k spirits ( ! ne!r-_w1 = )\t ! protection af=d$ by 8 amulet ! magician ran ! risk ( be+ attack$ by ^! spirits4 ,"o ( ^! texts gives directions = prep>+ an amulet1 or phylact]ion1 = ! 8und]tak+02 = ?is a 8sweet-smell+0 load/one %\ld be *os51 & %\ld be cut he>t-%ap$ & engrav$ ) ! figure ( ,hecate4#bd ,a co/ly ,*9ese amulet consi/s ( ! diamond1 ! ruby1 & ! em]ald1 to :i* are add$ ! pe>l & coral2 ,ori5tal sapphire & topaz are class$ ) ! ruby4 ,an amulet conta9+ ^! five sub/ances is ?\ght to comb9e ! protect+ influ5ces ( ! diff]5t deities presid+ ov] !m1 & is suppos$ to l5g!n ! we>]'s life4 ,sometimes ^! five pr9cely gems are wrapp$ up 9 a pap] be>+ ! names ( ! respective div9ities1 to :i* is add$ ! "n ( ! moon1 & ^? ( ! tw5ty-sev5 con/ellations1 or h\ses ( ! moon4 ,su* an amulet1 susp5d$ at ! entrance ( a h\se1 is believ$ to af=d protection to ! inmates4#be ,9 ! language ( ! anci5t ,mexicans blood 0 call$ *al*iuhatl1 or 8wat] ( preci\s /ones10 z ! qu9tess5ce ( :at 7 reg>d$ z ! mo/ co/ly ?+s4#bf ,al?\gh su* poetic designations are 9 mod]n times m]e figures ( spee*1 among primitive peoples !y are m significant1 & x is highly probable t ) ! ,aztecs1 z ) o!r peoples1 ! we>+ ( preci\s /ones 0 believ$ to enri* ! blood & ?us to promote heal? & vigor1 = 8! blood is ! life40 ,t gems _h sex is ass]t$ by ! e>lie/ writ]s z well z by _m ( ^? ( a lat] date4 ,:ile ?is mu/ usually be und]/ood z a poetic way ( indicat+ a diff]5ce 9 %ade1 ! d>k] v>ieties be+ reg>d$ z male & ! light] ones z female1 ,!ophra/us1 ! e>lie/ ,greek writ] on preci\s /ones1 cle>ly %[s t ?is sexual di/9ction 0 sometimes s]i\sly made1 = he decl>es t1 wond]ful z x might seem1 c]ta9 gems 7 capable ( produc+ (fspr+4 ,?is /range idea 0 /ill preval5t 9 ! sixte5? c5tury1 & +5i\s explanations 7 sometimes giv5 ( ! cause ( ?is ph5om5on1 z appe>s 9 ! foll[+ acc\nt by ,rueus ( g]m9at+ diamonds3#bg ,x has rec5tly be5 relat$ to me by a lady wor?y ( cr$5ce1 t a noblewoman1 desc5d$ f ! illu/ri\s h\se ( ,luxemburg1 _h 9 h] possession two diamonds :i* %e _h inh]it$1 & :i* produc$ o!rs 9 su* miracul\s wise1 t :oev] exam9$ !m at /at$ int]vals judg$ t !y _h eng5d]$ prog5y l !mselves4 ,! cause ( ?is 7if x be p]missible to philosophize reg>d+ su* a /range matt]7 w\ld seem to be t ! cele/ial en]gy 9 ! p>5t /ones1 qualifi$ by "s "o z 8vis adamantifica10 fir/ *anges ! surr\nd+ air into wat]1 or "s simil> sub/ance1 & !n cond5ses & h>d5s ?is into ! diamond gem4 ,! pe>l-fi%]s ( ,borneo are said to pres]ve c>efully e n9? pe>l !y f9d1 & place !m 9 a bottle ) two gra9s ( rice = ea* pe>l1 believ+1 9 spite ( all evid5ce to ! contr>y1 t ^! p>ticul> pe>ls h ! p[] to eng5d] & bre$ o!rs4 ,cu/om & sup]/ition require t ea* bottle %all h ! f+] ( a dead man z a /opp]4 ,talismanic influ5ces are tak5 into acc\nt 9 ! we>+ ( jewelry by ,ori5tals1 two bracelets be+ frequ5tly worn le/ "o memb] %\ld become jeal\s ( ! o!r1 ?us di/urb+ ! equilibrium ( ! :ole organism4 ,! pi]c+ ( ! e>s = e>-r+s has be5 attribut$ to a desire to *a/ise ! e> = its indiscretion 9 he>+ secrets n int5d$ to be he>d1 :ile co/ly & ornam5tal e>-r+s are set 9 ! e>s to console ^? p>ts ( our anatomy = ! suff]+ caus$ by ! op]ation ( pi]c+4 ,9 ! case ( necklaces ( brilliant metal1 adorn$ ) p5dants ( glitt]+ /ones1 ! talismanic purpose is to attract ! behold]'s gaze & ?us w>d (f ! my/]i\s & dang]\s emanations set =? by ! ,evil ,eye2 ! necklace1 or its ornam5ts1 are suppos$ to p]=m a simil> s]vice to t r5d]$ by ! lightn+-rod 9 div]t+ ! electric dis*>ge4 ,illu/ration3 ,,pe>l ,,deal]4 ,f ! 8,hortus ,sanitatis0 ( ,johannis de ,cuba ,/rassburg1 ,jean ,pryss1 ca4 #adhc3 ,de lapidibus1 cap4 lxxviii4 ,au?or's libr>y4 ,at an e>ly date ! ,*ri/ian ,*ur* regi/]$ its opposition to ! practice ( we>+ amulets4 ,at ! ,c\ncil ( ,laodicea1 held 9 #cee ,a4,d41 x 0 decre$1 9 ! ?irty-f\r? canon1 t prie/s & cl]ks mu/ be nei!r en*ant]s1 ma!maticians1 nor a/rolog]s1 & t !y mu/ n make 8:at are call$ amulets10 = ^! 7 fett]s ( ! s\l1 & all :o wore !m %\ld be ca/ out ( ! *ur*4#bh ,?is emphatic condemnation ( ! prevail+ usage 0 n s mu* a prote/ aga9/ sup]/ition p] se z aga9/ pagan sup]/ition1 = almo/ if n all ! amulets 9 use 9 ! e>ly c5turies ( our era bore hea!n or h]etical symbols or inscriptions4 ,9 lat] times ! inv9cible t5d5cy to we> objects ( ?is "* f\nd expression 9 ! use ( ^? associat$ ) ,*ri/ian belief1 su*1 = in/ance1 z relics ( ! sa9ts1 m$allions bless$ by ! prie/1 etc4 ,illu/ration3 ,by p]mission ( ,w4 ,griggs ,sons1 ,ltd41 ,london4 ,,mah>aja ,,runjit ,,s+h1 ,,rul] ,,( ,,! ,,punjab1 #agia ,,to #ahci4 ,he holds a 8ros>y0 ( em]alds1 /ones priz$ 9 ! ,ori5t z antidotes to poison4 ,f a portrait by ,jiwan ,ram1 tak5 at ,rup> 9 #ahca4 ,f ! ,j\rnal ( ,indian ,art & ,indu/ry4 ,! amulets ( ! ,jews diff]$ 9 _m respects f ^? us$ by ,*ri/ians4 ,! ,mosaic prohibition ( repres5tations ( human or animal =ms impos$ great re/rictions ^u ! employm5t ( engrav$ gems1 & ! ,jew 0 only p]mitt$ to we> or c>ry ^? be>+ m]ely *>act]s ( my/ic or symbolic significance4 ,9 talmudic times amulets 7 sometimes hidd5 9 a holl[ /aff1 & !y 7 believ$ to h m p[] :5 conceal$ f view 9 ?is way4 ,!y 7 l conceal$ weapons1 & x 0 said t1 z a fa!r might give su* an amulet to a son1 s ,god _h giv5 ! ,law to ,israel = its protection4#bi ,9 ! ,old ,fr5* didactic poem1 ! ,roman de la ,rose1 compos$ 9 ! twelf? c5tury1 appe> traces ( ! belief 9 ! magic prop]ties ( preci\s /ones4 ,*auc] translat$ ?is poem into ,engli% 9 ! f\rte5? c5tury & we quote ! foll[+ l9es f 8 v]sion4 ,!y describe ! co/ume ( ! symbolical figure1 ,ri*es4 ,ri*esse a girdle hadde ^u ,! bokel ( x 0 ( a /oon ,( ,v]tue greet1 & mo*el ( might4 ,t /oon 0 greetly = to love1 ,& til a ri*e mannes bihove ,wor? al ! gold 9 ,rome & ,fryse4 ,! mordaunt#cj wr\ght 9 noble wyse1 ,0 ( a /oon full preci\s1 ,t 0 s fyn & v]tu\s1 ,t hool a man x c\de make ,( palasye & ( too?-ake4#ca ,at ! trial1 9 #abcb1 ( ,hub]t de ,burgh1 *ief ju/ici>1 "o ( ! *>ges br\ght aga9/ him 0 t he _h surreptiti\sly remov$ f ! ,engli% treasury an exce$+ly valuable /one1 possess+ ! virtue ( r5d]+ ! we>] inv9cible 9 battle1 & _h giv5 x to ,llewellyn1 ,k+ ( ,wales1 ! enemy ( 8 own sov]eign1 ,h5ry ,,iii ( ,engl& 7#abjg-abgb74cb ,?is mu/ h tak5 place ab\t #abbh1 :5 ,h5ry 0 engag$ 9 a w> ) ! ,wel%4 ,t preci\s /ones c\ld1 "u c]ta9 circum/ances1 lose ! p[]s inh]5t 9 !m 0 firmly believ$ 9 m$ieval times4 ,if h&l$ or ev5 gaz$ ^u by impure p]sons & s9n]s1 "s ( ! virtues ( ! /ones dep>t$ f !m4 ,inde$1 !re 7 ^? :o held t preci\s /ones1 9 common ) all creat$ ?+s1 7 corrupt$ by ! s9 ( ,adam4 ,!re=e1 9 ord] to re/ore _! pri/9e virtue x might become necess>y to sanctify & consecrate !m1 & a k9d ( ritual s]v+ ?is purpose has be5 pres]v$ 9 sev]al old treatises4 ,! subject is suffici5tly curi\s to w>rant "h ! repetition ( "o ( ^! =ms4 ,! /ones :i* requir$ consecration 7 to be wrapp$ 9 a p]fectly clean l95 clo? & plac$ on ! alt>4 ,!n ?ree masses 7 to be said ov] !m1 & ! prie/ :o celebrat$ ! ?ird mass1 clad 9 8 sacr$ ve/m5ts1 0 to pron\nce ! foll[+ b5$iction3#cc ,! ,"l be ) u4 ,& ) ?y _s4 ,let u pray4 ,almighty ,god & ,fa!r1 :o manife/$/ ?y virtue to ,elias by c]ta9 s5seless creatures1 :o ord]$/ ,moses1 ,?y s]vant1 t1 among ! sac]dotal ve/m5ts1 he %\ld adorn ! ,rational ( ,judgm5t ) twelve preci\s /ones1 & %[$/ to ,john1 ! evangeli/1 ! fam\s city ( ,j]usalem1 ess5tially con/itut$ by ! same /ones1 & :o had/ ! p[] to raise up sons to ,abraham f /ones1 we humbly besee* ,?y maje/y s9ce ,?\ ha/ elect$ "o ( ! /ones to be a dwell+-place = ! maje/y ( ,?y he>t1 t ,?\ wilt deign to bless & sanctify ^! /ones by ! sanctification & inc>nation ( ,?y "n1 s t !y may be sanctifi$1 bless$1 & consecrat$1 & may receive f ,!e ! effect ( ! virtues ,?\ ha/ grant$ to !m1 accord+ to _! k9ds1 & :i* ! exp]i5ce ( ! le>n$ has %[n to h be5 giv5 by ,!e2 s t :oev] may we> !m on him may feel ! pres5ce ( ,?y p[] & may be wor?y to receive ! gift ( ,?y grace & ! protection ( ,?y p[]4 ,?r\gh ,jesus ,*ri/1 ,?y ,son1 9 :om dwells all sanctification1 b5$iction1 & consecration2 :o lives ) ,!e & reigns z ,god = all et]nity1 ,am54 ,?anks be to ,god4 ,konrad ( ,meg5burg also gives ?is b5$iction 9 8 8,bu* d] ,natur40 ,lu!r tells ! foll[+ humor\s tale ( a ,jew :o 0 a v5d] ( amulets3 ,!re is sorc]y among ! ,jews & _! sorc]]s ?9k3 8,if we succe$1 x is well = u2 if we fail1 a ,*ri/ian is ! suff]]2 :at c>e we = t80 444 ,b ,duke ,alb]t ( ,saxony act$ %rewdly4 ,:5 a ,jew (f]$ him a button1 inscrib$ ) curi\s *>act]s & signs1 & ass]t$ t ?is button gave protection f cuts1 ?ru/s1 & %ots1 ! ,duke answ]$3 8,i w te/ t ^u ?yself1 ,o ,jew40 ,h]eupon he l$ ! man to ! gate1 hung ! button at 8 neck1 drew 8 own sword1 & ?ru/ ! fell[ ?r\gh ! body4 8,! same fate w\ld h happ5$ to me10 said ! ,duke1 8z has happ5$ to !e40#cd ,rusk91 ) 8 ke5 poetic insight into ! work+ ( natural laws1 saw 9 ! =mation ( cry/als ! action ( bo? 8=ce ( he>t0 & 8/ead9ess ( purpose40 ,he ?us f\nd himself1 consci\sly or unconsci\sly1 9 agreem5t ) ! old fancies :i* attribut$ a species ( p]sonality to preci\s /ones4 ,j z ! ,h9du reg>d$ an imp]fectly %ap$ cry/al z a br+] ( ill luck to ! own]1 s ,rusk9 sees 9 su* a cry/al ! signs ( an innate 8immorality10 if we may use ?is expression4 ,( a cry/al aggregation ( ?is type he writes z foll[s3#ce ,opaque1 r\gh-surfac$1 jagg$ on ! edge1 di/ort$ 9 ! sp9e1 x exhibits a q human image ( decrepitude & di%on\r2 b ! wor/ ( all signs ( its decay & helplessness is1 t halfway up1 a p>asite cry/al1 small]1 b j z sickly1 has root$ itself 9 ! side ( ! l>g] "o1 eat+ out a cavity r\nd its root1 & !n gr[+ backw>ds1 or d[nw>ds1 contr>y to ! direction ( ! ma9 cry/al4 ,yet ,i _c trace ! lea/ diff]5ce 9 purity ( sub/ance betwe5 ! fir/ mo/ noble /one1 & ?is ignoble & dissolute "o4 ,! impurity ( ! la/ is 9 its w or want ( w4 ,!re is e/abli%$ a v pretty cu/om ( assign+ to ! v>i\s mascul9e & fem99e ,*ri/ian names a p>ticul> gem1 & su* "n-gems are (t5 set toge!r ) natal & talismanic gems & ) gems ( "o's patron sa9t4 ,x is consid]$ an exce$+ly good om5 :5 x happ5s t all ?ree gems are ( ! same sort4 ,,gems ,,= ,,fem99e ,,names4 ,adelaide ,&alusite ,agnes ,agate ,alice ,alex&rite ,anne ,amb] ,beatrice ,basalt ,belle ,blood/one ,b]?a ,b]yl ,c>ol9e ,*alc$ony ,ca!r9e ,cat's-eye ,*>lotte ,c>buncle ,cl>a ,c>nelian ,con/ance ,cry/al ,dorcas ,diamond ,doro?y ,diaspore ,edi? ,eye-agate ,eleanor ,elolite ,elizabe? ,em]ald ,ell5 ,essonite ,emily ,euclase ,emma ,epidote ,flor5ce ,fluorite ,frances ,fire-opal ,g]trude ,g>net ,gladys ,gold5 ,b]yl ,grace ,grossul>ite ,hannah ,heliotrope ,hel5 ,hyac9? ,ir5e ,iolite ,jane ,jac9? ,jessie ,jasp] ,joseph9e ,jadeite ,julia ,jade ,l\ise ,lapis-lazuli ,lucy ,lepidolite ,m>g>et ,moss-agate ,m>?a ,mala*ite ,m>ie ,moldavite ,m>y ,moon/one ,olive ,oliv9e ,paul9e ,pe>l ,rose ,ruby ,s>ah ,spodum5e ,susan ,sapphire ,!rese ,turquoise ,,gems ,,= ,,mascul9e ,,names4 ,abraham ,aragonite ,adolphus ,albite ,adrian ,&alusite ,alb]t ,agate ,alex&] ,alex&rite ,alfr$ ,alm&9e ,ambrose ,amb] ,&rew ,av5tur9e ,ar*ibald ,ax9ite ,arnold ,aquam>9e ,ar?ur ,ame?y/ ,augu/us ,agalmatolite ,b5jam9 ,blood/one ,b]n>d ,b]yl ,*>les ,*alc$ony ,*ri/ian ,cry/al ,claude ,cyanite ,clem5t ,*rysolite ,conrad ,crocidolite ,con/ant9e ,*rysob]yl ,cornelius ,cat's-eye ,d5nis ,demantoid ,dorian ,diamond ,edmund ,em]ald ,edw>d ,epidote ,erne/ ,euclase ,eug5e ,essonite ,f]d9& ,feldsp> ,francis ,fire-opal ,fr$]ick ,fluorite ,george ,g>net ,gilb]t ,gadol9ite ,godfrey ,gagates ,gregory ,grossul>ite ,gu/avus ,galactides ,guy ,gold qu>tz ,h5ry ,heliolite ,h]b]t ,hyac9? ,horace ,h>lequ9 opal ,hub]t ,heliotrope ,hugh ,heliodor ,humphrey ,hyp]/h5e ,james ,jade ,jasp] ,jasp] ,j]ome ,jadeite ,john ,jac9? ,joseph ,j>goon ,julius ,jet ,lamb]t ,labradorite ,lawr5ce ,lapis-lazuli ,leo ,lepidolite ,leon>d ,load/one ,m>k ,mala*ite ,mat!w ,moon/one ,maurice ,moss-agate ,mi*ael ,microcl9e ,na?an ,natrolite ,ni*olas ,nephrite ,oliv] ,onyx ,osborne ,or?oclase ,osmond ,opal ,oswald ,obsidian ,patrick ,pyrope ,paul ,pe>l ,pet] ,porphyry ,philip ,prase ,ralph ,rubellite ,raymond ,rose-qu>tz ,ri*>d ,rutile ,rob]t ,rock-cry/al ,rog] ,rhodonite ,rol& ,ruby ,/eph5 ,sapphire ,!odore ,t\rmal9e ,?omas ,topaz ,val5t9e ,vesuvianite ,v9c5t ,v]d-antique ,walt] ,wood-opal ,william ,willemite ,,iii ,on ! ,talismanic ,use ( ,special ,/ones#cf ,agate ,! au?or ( 8,li?ica0 celebrates ! m]its ( ! agate 9 ! foll[+ l9es3#cg ,adorn$ ) ?is1 ?\ woman's he>t %all ga91 ,& by p]suasion ?y desire obta92 ,& if ( m5 ?\ aught dem&1 %alt come ,) all ?y wi% fulfill$ rejoic+ home4 ,?is idea is elaborat$ by ,m>bodus1 ,bi%op ( ,r5nes1 9 ! elev5? c5tury1 :o decl>es t agates make ! we>]s agreeable & p]suasive & also give !m ! favor ( ,god4#ch ,/ill o!r virtues are rec\nt$ by ,camillo ,leon>do1 :o claims t ^! /ones give victory & /r5g? to _! own]s & av]t tempe/s & lightn+4#ci ,! agate possess$ "s wond]ful virtues1 = its we>] 0 gu>d$ f all dang]s1 0 enabl$ to vanqui% all t]re/rial ob/acles & 0 end[$ ) a bold he>t2 ?is latt] pr]ogative 0 presumably ! secret ( 8 success4 ,"s ( ^! wond]-work+ agates 7 black ) :ite ve9s1 :ile o!rs aga9 7 entirely :ite4#dj ,! we>+ ( agate ornam5ts 0 ev5 believ$ to be a cure = insomnia & 0 ?\ght to insure pleasant dreams4 ,9 spite ( ^! suppos$ advantages1 ,c>dano ass]ts t :ile we>+ ?is /one he _h _m mis=tunes :i* he c\ld n trace to any fault or error ( 8 own4 ,he1 !re=e1 ab&on$ its use2 al?\gh he /ates t x made ! we>] m prud5t 9 8 actions4#da ,inde$1 ,c>dano appe>s to h te/$ ! talismanic wor? ( gems accord+ to a plan ( 8 own1--namely1 by we>+ !m 9 turn & not+ ! degree ( good or ill =tune he exp]i5c$4 ,by ?is me?od he app>5tly arriv$ at positive results bas$ on actual exp]i5ce2 b he q fail$ to appreciate ! fact t no real connection ( any k9d exi/$ betwe5 ! /ones & _! suppos$ effects4 ,9 ano!r treatise ?is au?or takes a some:at m favorable view ( ! agate1 & proclaims t all v>ieties r5d] ^? :o we> !m 8temp]ate1 cont95t1 & cauti\s2 !re=e !y are all useful = acquir+ ri*es40#db ,accord+ to ! text accompany+ a curi\s pr9t publi%$ 9 ,vi5na 9 #agji1 ! attractive qualities ( ! s-call$ coral-agate 7 to be utiliz$ 9 an air-%ip1 ! inv5tion ( a ,brazilian prie/4 ,ov] ! head ( ! aviator1 z he sat 9 ! air-%ip1 !re 0 a network ( iron to :i* l>ge coral-agates 7 atta*$4 ,^! 7 expect$ to help 9 draw+ up ! %ip1 :51 ?r\gh ! heat ( ! sun's rays1 ! /ones _h acquir$ magnetic p[]4 ,! ma9 lift+ =ce 0 provid$ by p[]ful magnets enclos$ 9 two metal sph]es2 h[ ! magnets !mselves 7 to be rais$ is n expla9$4#dc ,illu/ration3 ,,an ,,air-,,%ip ,,( #agji4 ,9 ! network above ! figure 7 to be set coral-agates1 suppos$ to possess su* magnetic p[]s z to keep ! craft al(t4 ,f ,val5t9i1 8,museum ,museorum10 ,pt4 ,,iii1 ,franckfurt am ,mayn1 #agad1 p4#ce4 ,au?or's libr>y4 ,ab\t ! middle ( ! pa/ c5tury1 ! dem& = agate amulets 0 s great 9 ! ,s\dan t ! ext5sive agate-cutt+ e/abli%m5ts at ,id> & ,ob]/e9 9 ,g]many 7 almo/ exclusively busi$ ) fill+ ord]s = ?is trade4 ,br[n or black agates hav+ a :ite r+ 9 ! c5tre 7 *iefly us$ = ! fabrication ( ^! amulets1 ! :ite r+ be+ reg>d$ z a symbol ( ! eye4 ,h5ce ! amulets 7 suppos$ to neutralize ! p[] ( ! ,evil ,eye1 or else to be emblematic ( ! wat*fulness ( a gu>dian _s4 ,! dem& = ^! amulets has fall5 (f greatly1 b :5 x 0 at its height s+le firms export$ !m to ! value ( #dj1jjj ?al]s 7#cj1jjj7 annually1 ! total export am\nt+ to hundr$s ( ?\s&s ( ?al]s4 ,ev5 at pres5t a consid]able trade 9 ^! objects is /ill c>ri$ on4 ,t !re is a fa%ion 9 amulets is %[n by ! fact t1 :ile r$1 :ite1 & gre5 amulets are 9 dem& on ! we/ coa/ ( ,africa1 only :ite /ones are favor$ = ?is use 9 ,nor!rn ,africa4 ,illu/ration3 ,,african ,,agate ,,*>ms4 ,made ( ,brazilian agate at ,ob]/e91 ,g]many1 = ,african trade4 ,field ,museum1 ,*icago4 ,alex&rite ,!re are a few talismanic /ones :i* h ga9$ _! repute 9 our "t1 notably ! alex&rite1 a v>iety ( *rysob]yl f\nd 9 ,russia1 9 ! em]ald m9es on ! ,tak[aya1 9 ! ,ural region4 ,! discov]y ( ?is v>iety is /at$ to h be5 made 9 #ahca on ! day ,alex&] ,,ii 7!n heir-app>5t7 rea*$ 8 majority1 & x 0 !re=e nam$ alex&rite1 by ,nord5skjld1 ! m9]alogi/4 ,! /one z f\nd 9 gem =m r>ely weighs ov] f "o to ?ree c>ats1 & is *>act]iz$ by a m>k$ pleo*roism ( a spl5did gre5 *ang+ to a beautiful columb9e r$4 ,b 9 ,ceylon mu* l>g] gems are f\nd1 "s few weigh+ #fj c>ats ea*1 al?\gh r>ely ( m ?an "o or two c>ats4 ,! color is ( a d>k] & m bottle-l gre51 & ! *ange by night r5d]s !m d>k] & m granitiz$ ?an ! ,russian /ones1 :i* are extremely r>e4 ,z r$ & gre5 are ! ,russian national colors1 ! alex&rite has become a great favorite ) ! ,russians1 & is look$ ^u z a /one ( good om5 9 t c\ntry4 ,su*1 h[ev]1 is its beauty z a gem t its fame is by no means conf9$ to ,russia1 & x is eag]ly s\ght 9 o!r l&s z well4 ,amb] ,amb] 0 "o ( ! fir/ sub/ances us$ by man = decoration1 & x 0 also employ$ at a v e>ly p]iod = amulets & = m$ic9al purposes4 ,m or less %apeless pieces ( r\gh amb]1 m>k$ ) circul> depressions1 h be5 f\nd 9 ,prussia1 ,s*leswig-,hol/e91 & ,d5m>k1 9 deposits ( ! ,/one ,age4 ,^! depressions are sometimes regul>ly dispos$ & at o!r times irregul>ly1 & seem int5d$ to imitate simil> depressions f\nd 9 l>ge /ones & rocks1 (t5 ! "w ( man's h&1 b occasionally ! result ( natural causes4 ,9 ,ho]nes' op9ion !y m>k$ ! re/+ place ( ! _s or spirits believ$ to animate ! /one1 & h5ce x is probable t ! amb] fragm5ts 7 us$ z talismans or amulets4#dd ,= ! anci5t ,greek poets1 ! gra9s ( amb] 7 ! te>s annually %$ ov] ! dea? ( _! bro!r ,pha?on by ! ,heliades aft] grief _h metamorphos$ !m into popl>s gr[+ on ! banks ( ! ,eridanus 7! mod]n riv] ,po74#de ,9 a lo/ trag$y ( ,sophocles1 he saw ! orig9 ( amb] 9 ! te>s %$ ov] ! dea? ( ,meleag] by c]ta9 ,indian birds4 ,= ,nicias x 0 ! 8juice0 or ess5ce ( ! brilliant rays ( ! sett+ sun1 congeal$ 9 ! sea & !n ca/ up ^u ! %ore4 ,a m prosaic explanation lik5$ amb] to res91 & reg>d$ x z be+ an exudation f ! trunks ( c]ta9 trees4 ,inde$1 ! poetic fancy we h j not$ is ! same idea clo!d 9 a metaphorical or my?ological =m4 ,ano!r fancy repres5t$ amb] to be ! solidifi$ ur9e ( ! lynx1 h5ce "o ( its names1 lyncurius4#df ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,tree ,,t ,,exudes ,,amb]4 ,f ! 8,hortus ,sanitatis10 ( ,johannis de ,cuba ,/rassburg1 ,jean ,pryss1 ca4 #adhc2 ,de lapidibus1 cap4 lxx4 ,au?or's libr>y4 ,! brilliant & beautiful yell[ ( c]ta9 amb]s & ! fact t ?is mat]ial 0 v easily work$ s]v$ to make its use m g5]al1 & x soon became a favorite object ( trade & b>t] betwe5 ! peoples ( ! ,baltic ,coa/ & ! m civiliz$ peoples to ! s\?4 ,s*liemann f\nd consid]able amb] f ! ,baltic 9 ! graves ( ,myc51 & ! frequ5t allusions to x 9 ! works ( ,lat9 au?ors ( ! fir/ & succe$+ c5turies te/ify to its popul>ity 9 ! ,roman _w4 ,probably ! v e>lie/ allusion 9 lit]ature to ! ornam5tal use ( amb] appe>s 9 ,hom]'s ,odyssey1#dg :]e we read3 ,euryma*us ,receiv$ a gold5 necklace1 ri*ly wr\ght1 ,& set ) amb] beads1 t gl[$ z if ,) sun%9e4 ,to ,eurydamas !re came ,a pair ( e>-r+s1 ea* a triple gem1 ,da9tily fa%ion$ & ( exquisite grace4 ,two s]vants bore !m4 ,amb] +5i\sly c>v$ into animal =ms has be5 discov]$ 9 tumuli at ,ind]so51 ,norway4#dh ,^! curi\s objects 7 worn z amulets1 & ! peculi> =ms 7 suppos$ to enhance ! p[] ( ! mat]ial1 giv+ x special virtues & r5d]+ x ( great] value & efficacy4 ,pieces ( amb] ) s+ul> natural m>k+s 7 greatly e/eem$1 especially :5 ^! m>k+s sugge/$ ! initials ( ! "n ( "s prom95t p]son4 ,?us1 we are told t ,fri$ri* ,wilhelm ,i ( ,prussia paid to a deal] a high price = a piece ( amb] on :i* appe>$ 8 initials4 ,! same deal] _h ano!r piece on :i* he read ! initials ( ,*>les ,,xii ( ,sw$54 ,:5 he receiv$ ! news ( ?is k+'s dea?1 he bitt]ly lam5t$ hav+ lo/ ! opportunity ( sell+ him amb] = a high price4 ,b he 0 clev]ly consol$ by ,na?aniel ,s5dal1 ! relator ( ! /ory1 :o easily p]suad$ ! deal] t ! m>k+s c\ld j z well signify ! initials ( "s o!r "n4 ,s5dal adduces ?is z a pro( t ! lett]s read on su* pieces ( amb] 7 z mu* ! product ( ! obs]v]'s imag9ation z ( ! m>k+s on ! mat]ial4#di ,^? :o secur$ amb] s my/]i\sly m>k$ by ,nature's h& probably felt t !y _h obta9$ a talisman ( great p[]1 especially de/9$ = _! use4 ,illu/ration3 #a4 ,amb] ornam5t1 p]=at$1 f ,assyrian grave4 #b4 ,amb] r+ ornam5t f ,pompeii4 #c4 ,l>ge annul> bead ( amb] f ,mexico4 ,aztec "w4 #d4 ,amb] w$d+ necklace4 ,eighte5? c5tury4 ,baltic ,prov9ces4 #e4 ,amb] beads4 ,worn by ,african natives4 ,ame?y/ ,:ile ! special & traditional virtue ( ! ame?y/ 0 ! cure ( drunk5ness1 _m o!r qualities 7 attribut$ to ?is /one 9 ! fifte5? c5tury4 ,= ,leon>do1#ej x _h ! p[] to control evil ?\ghts1 to quick5 ! intellig5ce1 & to r5d] m5 %rewd 9 bus9ess matt]s4 ,an ame?y/ worn on ! p]son _h a sob]+ effect1 n only ^u ^? :o _h p>tak5 too freely ( ! cup t intoxicates1 b also ^u ^? ov]-excit$ by ! love-passion4 ,la/ly1 x pres]v$ soldi]s f h>m & gave !m victory ov] _! enemies1 & 0 ( great assi/ance to hunt]s 9 ! capture ( wild animals4 ,! ame?y/ %>$ ) _m o!r /ones ! p[] to pres]ve ! we>] f contagion4#ea ,a pretty leg5d 9 reg>d to ! ame?y/ has be5 happily treat$ 9 ,fr5* v]se4 ,! god ,bac*us1 (f5d$ at "s neglect t he _h suff]$1 0 det]m9$ to av5ge himself1 & decl>$ t ! fir/ p]son he %\ld meet1 :5 he & 8 tra9 pass$ along1 %\ld be dev\r$ by 8 tig]s4 ,fate will$ x t ?is luckless mortal 0 a beautiful & pure maid5 nam$ ,ame?y/1 :o 0 on h] way to wor%ip at ! %r9e ( ,diana4 ,z ! f]oci\s bea/s sprang t[>d h]1 %e s\ght ! protection ( ! goddess1 & 0 sav$ f a worse fate by be+ turn$ into a pure :ite /one4 ,recogniz+ ! miracle & rep5t+ ( 8 cruelty1 ,bac*us p\r$ ! juice ( ! grape z a libation ov] ! petrifi$ body ( ! maid51 ?us giv+ to ! /one ! beautiful violet hue t s *>ms ! behold]'s eye4#eb ,f ! v>i\s descriptions ( ?is /one giv5 by anci5t writ]s1 x appe>s t "o ( ! v>ieties 0 probably ! purple alm&9e or ,indian g>net1 & x is n improbable t we h "h ! reason = ! "n ame?y/ & = ! suppos$ virtue ( ! /one 9 pres]v+ f drunk5ness4 ,= if wat] 7 p\r$ into a vessel made ( a r$di% /one1 ! liquid w\ld appe> l w9e1 & c\ld nev]!less be drunk ) impunity4 ,b]yl ,arnoldus ,saxo1 writ+ ab\t #abbj1 aft] recit+ ! virtues ( ! b]yl z giv5 by ,m>bodus1 aft] ,evax & ,isidorus1 reports 9 addition t ! /one gave help aga9/ foes 9 battle or 9 litigation2 ! we>] 0 r5d]$ unconqu]able & at ! same "t amiable1 :ile 8 intellect 0 quick5$ & he 0 cur$ ( laz9ess4#ec ,9 ! old ,g]man translation ( ,?omas de ,cantimpr's 8,de ,proprietatibus ,r]um10 we read t ! b]yl reawak5s ! love ( m>ri$ p 7er hat au* die art daz er d] elaut lieb wi$]pr+t74#ed ,blood/one ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,practical ,,te/ ,,( ,,! ,,virtues ,,( ,,! ,,blood/one ,,to ,,prev5t ,,nose-,,ble$4 ,f ! 8,hortus ,sanitatis0 ( ,johannis de ,cuba ,/rassburg1 ,jean ,pryss1 ca4 #adhc2 ,de lapidibus1 cap4 xc4 ,au?or's libr>y4 ,! heliotrope or blood/one 0 suppos$ to imp>t a r$di% hue to ! wat] 9 :i* x 0 plac$1 s t :5 ! rays ( ! sun fell ^u ! wat] !y gave =? r$ reflections4 ,f ?is fancy 0 develop$ ! /range exagg]ation t ?is /one _h ! p[] to turn ! sun itself a blood-r$1 & to cause ?und]1 lightn+1 ra91 & tempe/4 ,! old treatise ( ,damig]on relates ?is ( ! blood/one1 add+ t x ann\nc$ future ev5ts by produc+ ra9 & by 8audible oracles40 ,probably ! conjurors1 be=e proce$+ to use ! /one = _! incantations1 wat*$ ! heav5s & wait$ until !y notic$ ! signs ( an approa*+ /orm4 ,!y !n int]pret$ ! s\nds ( ! w9d & ?und] 9 v>i\s ways1 s z to give apt answ]s to ! que/ions address$ to !m t\*+ future ev5ts4 ,x is well kn[n t ! sigh+ ( ! w9d1 &1 inde$1 all ^? natural s\nds :i* con/itute ! gr& symphony ( ,nature1 7 int]pret$ by prophets & se]s into articulate spee*4 ,damig]on also decl>es t ! blood/one pres]v$ ! faculties & bodily heal? ( ! we>]1 br\ght him consid]ation & respect1 & gu>d$ him f deception4#ee ,9 ! ,leyd5 papyrus ! blood/one is prais$ z an amulet 9 ! foll[+ extravagant t]ms3 ,! _w has no great] ?+2 if any "o h ?is ) him he w be giv5 :atev] he asks =2 x also assuages ! wra? ( k+s & despots1 & :atev] ! we>] says w be believ$4 ,:oev] be>s ?is /one1 :i* is a gem1 & pron\nces ! "n engrav$ ^u x1 w f9d all doors op51 :ile bonds & /one walls w be r5t asund]4#ef ,c>buncle ,! c>buncle 0 recomm5d$ z a he>t /imulant2 inde$1 s p[]ful 0 its action1 t ! we>]s 7 r5d]$ angry & passionate & 7 ev5 w>n$ to be on _! gu>d aga9/ attacks ( apoplexy4#eg ,! blood-r$ hue ( ! /one also sugge/$ its use z a symbol ( ! div9e sacrifice ( ,*ri/ on ! cross4 ,h[ev]1 n only 9 ,*ri/ianity 0 ?is /one us$ to illu/rate religi\s conceptions1 = ! ,koran affirms t ! ,f\r? ,heav5 is compos$ ( c>buncle4 ,9 my?ical fancies too ?is /one play$ its "p1 = dragon's eyes 7 said to be c>buncles4 ,rumphius#eh /ates t 9 #afhg he 0 told by a *irurgeon t ! latt] _h se5 9 ! possession ( "o ( ! rul]s 9 ! isl& ( ,ambo9 a c>buncle said to h be5 br\ght by a s]p5t4 ,! /ory ran t ?is rul]1 :5 a *ild1 _h be5 plac$ by 8 "m 9 a hammock atta*$ to two bran*es ( a tree4 ,:ile !re a s]p5t crept up to him & dropp$ a /one ^u 8 body4 ,9 gratitude = ?is gift ! p>5ts ( ! *ild f$ & c>$ = ! s]p5t4 ,! /one is describ$ z hav+ be5 ( a w>m yell[ hue1 v]g+ on r$2 x %one s brightly at night t a room c\ld be illum9at$ by x4 ,x ev5tually pass$ into ! possession ( a ,k+ ( ,siam4 ,c>nelian ,talisman i/ ,k>neol ,glubig5 br+t er ,glck und ,wohl2 ,/eht er g> auf ,onyx' ,grunde1 ,kss' ihm mit geweihtem ,munde6 ,alles bel treibt er =t1 ,s*tzet di* und s*tzt d5 ,ort2 ,w5n das e+egrab5e ,wort ,allah's ,nam5 re9 v]kndet2 ,di* zu ,lieb' und ,tat entzndet2 ,und besond]s w]d5 ,frau5 ,si* am ,talisman erbau56#ei ,c>nelian is a talisman1 ,x br+s good luck to *ild & man2 ,if re/+ on an onyx gr\nd1 ,a sacr$ kiss impr9t :5 f\nd4 ,x drives away all evil ?+s2 ,to !e & ?9e protection br+s4 ,! "n ( ,allah1 k+ ( k+s1 ,if grav5 on ?is /one1 inde$1 ,w move to love & d\ghty de$4 ,f su* a gem a woman ga9s ,sweet hope & com=t 9 h] pa9s4 ,! we>+ ( c>nelians is recomm5d$ by ! ,lapid>io ( ,alfonso ,x#fj to ^? :o h a weak voice or are timid 9 spee*1 = ! w>m-color$ /one w give !m ! c\rage !y lack1 s t !y w speak bo? boldly & well4 ,?is is 9 accord ) ! g5]al belief 9 ! /imulat+ & animat+ effects produc$ by r$ /ones4 ,on a c>nelian is engrav$ 9 ,arabic *>act]s a pray] to keep away evil & to deliv] ! we>] f all ! tricks ( ! devil & f ! envi\s4 ,! inscription reads 9 translation3 ,9 ! "n ( ,god ! ,j1 ! v ,j6 ,i implore y1 ,o ,god ,k+ ( ! ,_w1 ,god ( ! ,_w1 deliv] u f ! devil ,:o tries to d h>m & evil to u ?r\gh ,bad p1 & f ! evil ( ! envi\s4 ,?r\gh\t all ! ,ea/ p are afraid ( ! envi\s4 ,!y believe t if y envy a p]son = 8 heal? or 8 weal? or any good ?+ he may h1 he w lose x 9 a %ort "t1 & x is ! devil :o incites ! envy ( "s p aga9/ o!rs4 ,s x is suppos$ t by we>+ ?is /one1 be>+ ?is pray] aga9/ ! envi\s1 _! envy w cease to d y h>m4 ,! popul>ity ( ! c>nelian z a talismanic /one among ,mohamm$an peoples is said to be due to ! fact t ! ,prophet himself wore1 on ! little f+] ( 8 "r h&1 a silv] r+ set ) a c>nelian engrav$ = use z a seal4 ,"o ( ! mo/ fam\s ( ! imms1 ,jaf>1 l5t ! weight ( 8 au?ority to ! belief 9 ! virtue ( ! c>nelian1 = he decl>$ t all ! desires ( any man :o wore ?is /one w\ld be gratifi$4 ,h5ce 9 ,p]sia ! "n ( "o ( ! twelve imms1 compris+ ,ali & 8 successors1 is frequ5tly engrav$ on ?is /one4#fa ,illu/ration3 ,,c>nelian ,,seal1 ,,worn ,,by ,,napoleon ,i1 ,,napoleon ,,iii1 ,,& ,,! ,,pr9ce ,,imp]ial4 ,?is mo/ int]e/+ seal is describ$ by ! ,rev4 ,c4 ,w4 ,k+1 ! writ] on ,antique ,gems4 ,x is c>nelian1 octagonal-%ap$1 & ^u x is engrav$ ! leg5d3 8,! slave ,abraham rely+ ^u ! ,m]ciful 7,god740 ,napoleon ,,iii wore x on 8 wat*-*a94 ,he said ab\t x3 8,! ,fir/ ,consul pick$ x up ) 8 own h&s dur+ ! campaign 9 ,egypt & always c>ri$ x ab\t him1 z 8 nephew did lat]40 ,! ,pr9ce ,imp]ial receiv$ x ) ! foll[+ message3 8,z reg>ds my son1 ,i desire t he w keep1 z a talisman1 ! ,seal :i* ,i us$ to we> atta*$ to my wat*40 ,he c>ri$ ! seal ^u a /r+ fa/5$ ab\t 8 neck 9 ob$i5ce to ! injunction ( 8 fa!r4 ,at ! "t ( 8 lam5table dea? x mu/ h be5 c>ri$ (f 9 ,s\? ,africa by ! ,zulus1 :5 !y /ripp$ 8 body1 & x has nev] be5 recov]$4 ,an ,arm5ian writ] ( ! sev5te5? c5tury reports t 9 ,india ! ll or balas-ruby1 if p[d]$ & tak5 9 a potion 0 believ$ to bani% all d>k =ebod+s & to excite joy\s emotions4 ,to ! c>nelian 0 attribut$ a virtue some:at analog\s to t ascrib$ to ! turquoise1 z anyone we>+ a c>nelian 0 pro( aga9/ injury f fall+ h\ses or walls2 ! writ] emphasizes ?is by /at+ t 8no man :o wore a c>nelian 0 ev] f\nd 9 a collaps$ h\se or b5ea? a fall5 wall40#fb ,*alc$ony ,illu/ration3 ,,*alc$ony ,,votive ,,*>m ,,f ,,mexico4 ,aztec4 ,field ,museum1 ,*icago4 ,illu/ration3 ,,curi\s ,,alt> ,,( ,,p[alawa ,,indians ,,( ,,arizona4 ,! c]emonial objects are gr\p$ ar\nd a cry/al ( rock-cry/al 9 ! c5tre4 7,see page #bed47 ,an +5i\s ?\gh f>-fet*$ explanation ( ! p[] attribut$ to *alc$ony ( driv+ away phantoms & visions ( ! night is suppli$ by ,gonelli1 writ+ 9 #agjb4 ,= him ! s\rce ( ?is ass]t$ p[] 0 to be f\nd 9 :at has be5 errone\sly t]m$ ! alkal9e quality ( ! /one4 ,?is dissipat$ ! evil humors ( ! eye1 ?us remov+ ! diseas$ condition ( t organ :i* caus$ ! app>itions to be se54#fc ,h[ev] absurd ?is explanation may be1 x nev]!less %[s t ! au?or put little fai? 9 visible gho/s1 & rightly en\gh recogniz$ ! purely subjective "* ( su* ph5om5a4 ,*rysob]yl ,! cat's-eye v>iety ( *rysob]yl1 or preci\s cat's-eye1 is us$ by ! natives ( ,ceylon z a *>m aga9/ evil spirits4 ,z a pro( ( ! high value set ^u ! gem 9 ,india1 ,de ,boot /ates t a cat's-eye e/imat$ z wor? n9ety gold pieces 9 ,lusitania 0 sold = six hundr$ 9 ,india4#fd ,"s ( ! f9e/ specim5s come f ,ceylon4 ,*rysolite ,! 8,s]p5t ,isle10 9 ! ,r$ ,sea1 0 /at$ by ,aga?>cides to be ! s\rce :5ce came ! topaz 7*rysolite72 "h1 by ! m&ate ( ! ,egyptian k+s1 ! inhabitants collect$ specim5s ( ?is /one & deliv]$ !m to ! gem-cutt]s = poli%+4#fe ,^! simple details are elaborat$ by ,diodorus ,siculus into ! leg5d t ! isl& 0 gu>d$ by jeal\s wat*]s :o _h ord]s to put to dea? any unau?oriz$ p]sons :o approa*$ x4 ,ev5 ^? :o _h ! "r to seek ! gem c\ld n see ! *rysolite 9 daytime2 only aft] nightfall 0 x reveal$ by its radiance2 ! seek]s !n m>k$ well ! spot & 7 able to f9d ! /one on ! foll[+ day4#ff ,f ?is ,egyptian s\rce1 & possibly f o!rs exploit$ by ! ,egyptians1 h come ! f9e/ *rysolites 7p]idots1 or oliv9es71 ! mo/ magnific5t examples ( ?is gem4 ,^! f\nd _! way into ! ca!dral treasures ( ,europe1 evid5tly by loot or trade at ! p]iod ( ! ,crusades1 & are g5]ally call$ em]alds4 ,^? mo/ notable are 9 ! ,treasury ( ! ,?ree ,magi1 9 ! great 8,dom10 or ,ca!dral at ,cologne4 ,"s ( ^! gems are ne>ly two in*es long4 ,9 our own l& beautiful specim5s c be se5 9 ! ,morgan collection at ! ,am]ican ,museum ( ,natural ,hi/ory & 9 ! ,hig9bo?am ,hall 9 ! ,field ,museum ( ,natural ,hi/ory1 ,*icago1 ,ill9ois4 ,pl9y quotes f ,juba ! tradition t ! topaz 7*rysolite7 d]iv$ its "n f ! ,isl& ( ,topazos1 9 ! ,r$ ,sea1 ! fir/ specim5 hav+ be5 br\ght !nce by ! procurator ,philemon1 to ,b]5ice1 "m ( ,ptolemy ,,ii1 ,philadelphus4 ,?is mon>* is said to h _h a /atue ( 8 wife ,ars9o made f ! /one4#fg ,if !re be any f\ndation = ?is latt] /atem5t1 ! preci\s gift s5t by ,philemon mu/ h be5 a mass ( fluorsp>1 or "s simil> mat]ial4 ,m ?an ?ree hundr$ ye>s aft] ,pl9y's "t1 ,epiphanius1 evid5tly repeat+ ano!r v]sion ( ?is tradition1 /ates t ! 8topaz0 0 set 9 ! diadem ( ! 8,!ban que540 ,*rysolite 7oliv9e1 p]idot71 to ex]t its full p[]1 requir$ to be set 9 gold2 worn 9 ?is way x dispell$ ! vague t]rors ( ! night4 ,if1 h[ev]1 x 7 to be us$ z a protection f ! wiles ( evil spirits1 ! /one _h to be pi]c$ & /rung on ! hair ( an ass & !n atta*$ to ! left arm4#fh ,! belief 9 ! virtue ( ! *rysolite to dissolve en*antm5ts & to put evil spirits to flight 0 probably due to ! association ( ! /one ) ! sun1 be=e ^: life-giv+ rays d>kness & all ! p[]s ( d>kness 7 driv5 away4 ,*rysoprase ,wond]ful ?+s are told ( ! virtue ( ! *rysoprase1 = ,volm> /ates t1 if a ?ief s5t5c$ to be hang$ or behead$ %\ld place ?is /one 9 8 m\?1 he w\ld imm$iately escape f 8 execution]s4#fi ,al?\gh we are n in=m$ 9 :at way ?is =tunate result 0 atta9$1 x seems likely t ! /one 0 believ$ to make ! ?ief invisible1 & ?us possess$ a virtue (t5 attribut$ to ! opal4 ,a /range /ory reg>d+ a magic /one reput$ to h be5 worn by ,alex&] ! ,great is relat$ by ,alb]tus ,magnus4 ,accord+ to ?is recital1 ,alex&]1 9 8 battles1 wore a 8prase0 9 8 girdle4 ,on 8 return f 8 ,indian campaign1 wi%+ "o day to ba! 9 ! ,euphrates1 he laid aside 8 girdle1 & a s]p5t bit (f ! /one & !n dropp$ x into ! riv]4#gj ,ev5 ,alb]tus1 :o is f> f critical1 admits t ! /ory seems l a fable1 & x probably belongs to a comp>atively late p]iod4 ,z ! t]m 8prase0 is us$ v loosely by e>ly writ]s1 ?is 8victory /one0 may h be5 an em]ald or possibly jade4 ,coral ,! appreciation ( coral z an ornam5t1 or = amulets1 seems to presuppose a c]ta9 developm5t ( civilization1 = savage tribes greatly pref] glass ornam5ts4 ,_m attempts h be5 made to introduce coral beads in/ead ( glass beads among su* tribes1 b ) no success1 z ! *eap]1 b bright]1 glass always comm&s a high] price4#ga ,to /ill tempe/s & trav]se broad riv]s 9 safety 0 ! privilege ( "o :o bore ei!r r$ or :ite coral ) him4 ,t ?is also /an*$ ! fl[ ( blood f a w\nd1 cur$ madness1 & gave wisdom1 0 said to h be5 exp]im5tally prov$4#gb ,illu/ration3 ,,kabyle ,,jewelry4 ,( ,m$it]ranean coral & pe>ls4 ,field ,museum1 ,*icago4 ,coral1 :i*1 = tw5ty c5turies or m 0 class$ among ! preci\s /ones1 to reta9 its p[] z an amulet1 mu/ n h be5 work$1 & 9 ,italy only su* pieces are valu$ = ?is purpose z h be5 fre%ly ga!r$ f ! sea or h be5 ca/ up by ! sea on ! %ore4 ,to ex]cise all its p[] aga9/ spells1 or en*antm5ts1 coral mu/ be worn :]e its brilliant color makes x conspicu\s2 if1 h[ev]1 x %\ld by accid5t be brok51 ! sep>ate pieces h no virtue1 & ! magic p[] ceases1 z ?\gh ! _s dwell+ 9 ! coral _h fl$ f its abode4 ,! peasant wom5 are c>eful to gu>d ! corals !y we> = a special purpose f ! eyes ( _! husb&s1 = ! sub/ance is believ$ to gr[ pale at c]ta9 seasons1 rega9+ its pri/9e hue aft] a %ort int]val ( "t4 ,inde$1 ! wom5 believe t ! coral %>es _! indisposition ) !m4 ,all ?is s]ves to %[ t a k9d ( vital =ce is believ$ to animate ! mat]ial1 ga9+ or los+ 9 vigor accord+ to c]ta9 conditions1 & f9ally disappe>+ :5 ! =m is brok54 ,^! beliefs are all cle>ly traceable to ! animi/ic ideas ( primitive man4#gc ,diamond ,! diamond is to ! pe>l z ! sun is to ! moon1 & we might well call "o ! 8k+-gem0 & ! o!r ! 8que5-gem40 ,! diamond1 l a knight ( old1--brilliant & resi/ant1 is ! emblem ( fe>lessness & inv9cibility2 ! pe>l1 l a lady ( old1--pure & fair to look ^u1 is ! emblem ( mode/y & purity4 ,!re=e x does n seem unfitt+ t ! diamond %\ld be pres5t$ z a tok5 to ! pe>l1 & t pe>ls %\ld g ) ! diamond4 ,! virtues ascrib$ to ?is /one are almo/ all directly traceable ei!r to its unconqu]able h>dness or to its transp>5cy & purity4 ,x 0 !re=e ?\ght to br+ victory to ! we>]1 by end[+ him ) sup]ior /r5g?1 =titude1 & c\rage4 ,m>bodus#gd tells u x 0 a magic /one ( great p[] & s]v$ to drive away nocturnal spectres2 = ?is purpose x %\ld be set 9 gold & worn on ! left arm4 ,= ,/4 ,hildeg>d ! sov]eign virtue ( ! diamond 0 recogniz$ by ! devil1 :o 0 a great enemy ( ?is /one because x resi/$ 8 p[] by day & by night4#ge ,rueus#gf calls x 8a gem ( reconciliation10 z x enhanc$ ! love ( a husb& = 8 wife4 ,c>dano#gg takes a m pessimi/ic view ( ! qualities ( ! diamond4 ,he says3 ,x is believ$ to make ! we>] unhappy2 its effects !re=e are ! same ^u ! m9d z t ( ! sun ^u ! eye1 = ! latt] r dims ?an /r5g!ns ! sight4 ,x inde$ r5d]s fe>less1 b !re is no?+ t contributes m to our safety ?an prud5ce & fe>2 !re=e x is bett] to fe>4 ,! diamond 0 (t5 associat$ ) ! lightn+ & 0 sometimes believ$ to owe its orig9 to ! ?und]bolt1 b we d n recall hav+ se5 else:]e ! /atem5t made 9 an anonym\s ,italian manuscript ( ! f\rte5? c5tury4 ,"h x is expressly ass]t$ t ! diamond is sometimes consum$ or melt$ :5 x ?und]s4#gh ,c]ta9ly1 t ! same =ce t 0 suppos$ to h =m$ ! /one %\ld be able to dissolve x1 is n an illogical idea4 ,t ! diamond c be entirely consum$ at a high temp]ature 0 a fact n kn[n 9 ,europe 9 ! f\rte5? c5tury1 & !re=e ! belief 9 ! de/ructive effect ( ! electric curr5t mu/ h aris5 f sup]/iti\s or poetic fancies1 & n f any vague conception ( ! true nature ( ! diamond4 ,9 ! ,talmud we read ( a gem1 suppos$ to h be5 ! diamond1 :i* 0 worn by ! high prie/4#gi ,?is /one s]v$ to %[ ! guilt or innoc5ce ( "o accus$ ( any crime2 if ! accus$ 7 guilty1 ! /one w\ld gr[ dim1 b if he 7 innoc5t1 x w\ld %9e m brilliantly ?an ev]4 ,?is quality is also allud$ to by ,sir ,john ,m&eville1 :o wrote3 ,x happ5s (t5 t ! good diamond loses its virtue by s9 & = incont95ce ( him :o be>s x4 ,! ,h9dus class$ diamonds accord+ to ! f\r ca/es4 ,! ,brahm9 diamond gave p[]1 fri5ds1 ri*es & good luck2 ! ,k%atriya diamond prev5t$ ! approa* ( old age2 ! ,vaisya /one br\ght success1 & ! ,sudra1 all mann] ( good =tune4 ,on ! o!r h&1 9 ! treatise on gems by ,buddhabhatta#hj we read3 ,a diamond1 a "p ( :i* is ! color ( blood or spott$ ) r$1 w\ld quickly br+ dea? to ! we>]1 ev5 if he 7 ! ,ma/] ( ,dea?4 ,! ,arabians & ,p]sians1 z well z ! mod]n ,egyptians1 agree 9 attribut+ to ! diamond a wond]ful p[] to br+ good =tune1 & ,rabbi ,b5oni1 a my/ic ( ! f\rte5? c5tury1 treat+ ( its magic virtues1 ass]ts t x produces somnambulism1 &1 z a talisman1 s p[]fully attracts ! planet>y influ5ces t x r5d]s ! we>] inv9cible2 x 0 also said to provoke a /ate ( spiritual ec/asy4 ,an al*emi/ ( ! same c5tury1 ,pi]re de ,boniface1 ass]t$ t ! diamond made ! we>] invisible4 ,a curi\s fancy1 preval5t 9 reg>d to _m /ones1 attribut$ sex to ! diamond1 & x is !re=e n surpris+ t ^! /ones 7 also suppos$ to possess reproductive p[]s4 ,9 ?is connection ,sir ,john ,m&eville wrote3 ,!y gr[ toge!r1 male & female1 & are n\ri%$ by ! dew ( heav52 & !y eng5d] commonly1 & br+ =? small *ildr5 t multiply & gr[ all ! ye>4 ,i h (t5times tri$ ! exp]im5t t if a man keep !m ) a little ( ! rock1 & wat] !m ) ,may dew (t51 !y %all gr[ e ye> & ! small w gr[ great4 ,! foll[+ l9es f a translation ( ! celebrat$ ,orphic poem1 writt5 9 ! second c5tury1 %[ ! high e/eem 9 :i* ! adamas 0 held at t "t3 ,! ,evil ,eye %all h no p[] to h>m ,him t %all we> ! diamond z a *>m1 ,no mon>* %all attempt to ?w>t 8 w1 ,& e'en ! gods 8 wi%es %all fulfil4 ,?is probably ref]s ei!r to colorless corundum1 ! s-call$ 8:ite sapphire10 or to qu>tz4 ,! writ] is dis9cl9$ to believe t ! anci5ts knew ! diamond4 ,! anci5t ,h9du gem-treatise ( ,buddhabhatta ass]ts t ! diamond ( ! ,brahm9 %\ld h ! :it5ess ( a %ell or ( rock-cry/al2 t ( ! ,k%atriya1 ! br[n color ( ! eye ( a h>e2 t ( ! ,vaisya1 ! lovely %ade ( a petal ( ! kadali fl[]2 t ( ! ,sudra1 ! %e5 ( a poli%$ blade4 ,to k+s alone ! sages assign$ two classes ( color$ diamonds1--namely1 ^? r$ z coral & ^? yell[ z saffron4 ,^! 7 exclusively royal gems1 b diamonds ( all o!r %ades c\ld be set 9 royal jewels4#ha ,a typical diamond is ?us describ$ 9 a ,h9du gem-treatise3#hb ,a six-po9t$ diamond1 pure1 )\t /a91 ) pron\nc$ & %>p edges1 ( a beautiful %ade1 light1 ) well-=m$ facets1 )\t defects1 illum9at+ space ) its fire & ) ! reflection ( ! ra9b[1 a diamond ( ?is k9d is n easy to f9d 9 ! e>?4 ,accord+ to a wide-spread sup]/ition1 ! talismanic p[] ( a diamond 0 lo/ if ! /one 7 acquir$ by pur*ase2 only :5 receiv$ z a gift c\ld its virtues be dep5d$ on4#hc ,! same belief is not$ reg>d+ ! turquoise4 ,! _s dwell+ 9 ! /one 0 ?\ght to take (f5ce at ! idea ( be+ b\ght & sold1 & 0 suppos$ to dep>t f ! /one1 leav+ x no?+ m ?an a bit ( s5seless matt]4 ,if1 h[ev]1 ! diamond 7or turquoise7 7 (f]$ z a pl$ge ( love or fri5d%ip1 ! _s 0 q will+ to transf] its good (fices f "o own] to ano!r4 ,! ,talmud %[s u t ! ,jewi% ,rabbis sometimes endeavor$ to enliv5 _! exhau/ive discussions ( ritual & legal que/ions by tell+ 8good /ories0 to ea* o!r4 ,"o ( ^! may be giv5 z illu/rat+ at once ! wild improbability ( "s ( ^! recitals & ! belief 9 ! wond]ful magic virtues ( ! diamond3#hd ,r4 ,jehudah ( ,mesopatamia us$ to tell3 ,once :ile on bo>d ( a %ip1 ,i saw a diamond t 0 encircl$ by a snake1 & a div] w5t to cat* x4 ,! snake !n op5$ its m\?1 ?reat5+ to swall[ ! %ip4 ,!n a rav5 came1 bit (f its head1 & all wat] ar\nd turn$ into blood4 ,!n ano!r snake came1 took ! diamond1 put x 9 ! c>cass1 & x became alive2 & aga9 x op5$ its m\?1 9 ord] to swall[ ! %ip4 ,ano!r bird !n came1 bit (f its head1 took ! diamond & ?rew x on ! %ip4 ,we _h ) u salt$ birds1 & we want$ to try :e!r ! diamond w\ld br+ !m to life1 s we plac$ ! gem on !m1 & !y became animat$ & flew away ) ! gem4 ,x is said t ! fir/ l>ge diamonds discov]$ by ,europeans 9 ,s\? ,africa 7 f\nd 9 ! lea!r bag ( a sorc]]4 ,al?\gh l>ge /ones or fragm5ts ( rock are usually ! objects ( adoration z feti*es 9 ,africa1 any small /one t is wrapp$ 9 color$ rags & worn on ! neck may be reg>d$ 9 ! same way4#he ,sev]al compet5t au?orities /ate t ^! diamonds 7 ! play?+s ( "s ,bo] *ildr54 ,al ,kazw9i relates z foll[s ! m>vell\s tale ( ! ,valley ( ,diamonds3#hf 8,ari/otle#hg says t no "o except ,alex&] ev] rea*$ ! place :]e ! diamond is produc$4 ,?is is a valley1 connect$ ) ! l& ,h9d4 ,! glance _c p5etrate to its greate/ dep?s & s]p5ts are f\nd !re1 ! l ( :i* no man ha? se51 & ^u :i* no man c gaze )\t dy+4 ,h[ev]1 ?is p[] endures only z long z ! s]p5ts live1 = :5 !y die ! p[] leaves !m4 ,9 ?is place summ] reigns = six mon?s & w9t] = ! same l5g? ( "t4 ,n[1 ,alex&] ord]$ t an iron mirror %\ld be br\ght & plac$ at ! spot :]e ! s]p5ts dwelt4 ,:5 ! s]p5ts approa*$1 _! glance fell ^u _! own image 9 ! mirror1 & ?is caus$ _! dea?4 ,h]eupon1 ,alex&] wi%$ to br+ out ! diamonds f ! valley1 b no "o 0 will+ to und]take ! desc5t4 ,alex&] !re=e s\ght c\nsel ( ! wise m51 & !y told him to ?r[ d[n a piece ( fle% into ! valley4 ,?is he did1 ! diamonds became atta*$ to ! fle%1 & ! birds ( ! air seiz$ ! fle% & bore x up out ( ! valley4 ,!n ,alex&] ord]$ 8 p to pursue ! birds & to pick up :at fell f ! fle%40 8,ano!r writ] /ates t ! m9es are 9 ! m\nta9s ( ,s]5dib 7,ceylon7 9 a v deep gorge1 9 :i* are deadly s]p5ts4 ,:5 p wi% to take out ! diamonds !y ?r[ d[n pieces ( fle%1 :i* are seiz$ by vultures & br\ght up to ! br9k ( ! gorge4 ,!re su* ( ! diamonds z cl+ to ! fle% are secur$2 ^! are ( ! size ( a l5til or a pea4 ,! l>ge/ pieces f\nd atta9 ! size ( a half-bean40 ,9 8 v]sion ( ! tale1 "o =m ( :i* appe>s 9 ! sev5? voyage ( ,s9dbad ! ,sailor1 ,teifa%i /ates t ! f9e/ corundum gems 7 wa%$ d[n ! /reams t fl[$ f ,adam's ,peak1 on ! isl& ( ,ceylon2 9 "t ( dr\ght1 h[ev]1 ?is s\rce ( supply ceas$4 ,n[ x happ5$ t _m eagles built _! ne/s on ! top ( ?is m\nta91 & ! gem-seek]s us$ to place l>ge pieces ( fle% at ! foot ( ! m\nta94 ,! eagles p\nc$ ^u ^! & bore !m away to _! ne/s1 b 7 oblig$ to alight f "t to "t 9 ord] to re/1 & :ile ! pieces ( fle% lay on ! rock1 "s ( ! corundums became lightly atta*$ to ?is1 s t :5 ! eagles resum$ _! flight ! /ones dropp$ (f & roll$ d[n ! m\nta9 side4#hh ,^! (t-repeat$ tales are expla9$ by ,dr4 ,val5t9e ,ball z orig9at+ 9 ! ,h9du cu/om ( sacrific+ cattle :5 new m9es 7 op5$1 & leav+ on ! spot a c]ta9 "p ( ! meat z an (f]+ to ! gu>dian deities4 ,z ^! pieces ( meat 7 soon c>ri$ away by birds ( prey1 ! leg5d arose t ! diamonds 7 obta9$ 9 ?is way4 ,?is cu/om /ill prevail$ 9 "s p>ts ( ,india :5 ,dr4 ,ball wrote4#hi ,! effect ex]cis$ by ,h9du sup]/ition on ev5 ! mo/ enlight5$ ,europeans ( our day may be recogniz$ 9 ! fact t ! gift$ prima donna1 ,mme4 ,maet]l9ck1 ! wife ( ! =emo/ liv+ ,european poet1 has confess$ t %e we>s a diamond susp5d$ on h] =ehead because h] husb& believes t ?is br+s good =tune to ! we>]4 ,?is =ehead-jewel is *>act]i/ically ,h9du & enjoys 9 ,india ! reputation ( be+ especially auspici\s4 ,em]ald ,! em]ald 0 believ$ to =e%[ future ev5ts1#ij b we d n le>n :e!r visions 7 actually se5 9 ! /one1 z !y 7 9 sph]es ( rock-cry/al or b]yl1 or :e!r ! em]ald end[$ ! we>] ) a sup]natural =e-k ( :at 0 to come4 ,z a reveal] ( tru?1 ?is /one 0 an enemy ( all en*antm5ts & conjurations2 h5ce x 0 greatly favor$ by magicians1 :o f\nd all _! arts ( no avail if an em]ald 7 9 _! vic9ity :5 !y began to weave _! spells4#ia ,illu/ration3 ,,specim5 ,,page ,,( ,,italian ,,manuscript ,,( ,,! ,,f\rte5? ,,c5tury4 ,conta9+ an ,italian v]sion ( ! 8,de ,m9]alibus0 ( ,alb]tus ,magnus4 ,on ?is page is ! acc\nt ( ! em]ald1 set 9 a r+ worn by ,k+ ,bela ,,iv ( ,hung>y 7#abce-abgj71 t 0 fractur$ :5 he c>ess$ 8 wife4 ,au?or's libr>y4 ,to ?is sup]natural p[] inh]5t 9 ! /one1 enabl+ x to quick5 ! prophetic faculty1 may be add$ _m o!r virtues4 ,if any "o wi%$ to /r5g!n 8 memory or to become an eloqu5t speak]1 he 0 sure to atta9 8 end by secur+ possession ( a f9e em]ald4#ib ,& n only ! ambiti\s1 b also ^? ^: he>ts _h be5 smitt5 by ! %afts f ,cupid's b[ f\nd 9 ?is /one an invaluable auxili>y1 = x reveal$ ! tru? or falsity ( lov]'s oa?s4 ,/range to say1 h[ev]1 ! em]ald1 al?\gh commonly assign$ to ,v5us1 0 (t5 reg>d$ z an enemy ( sexual passion4 ,s s5sitive 0 ! /one believ$ to be 9 ?is respect t ,alb]tus ,magnus relates ( ,k+ ,bela ( ,hung>y1 :o possess$ an exceptionally valuable em]ald set 9 a r+1 t1 :5 he embrac$ 8 wife :ile we>+ ?is r+ on 8 f+]1 ! /one broke into ?ree p>ts4#ic ,9 ,rabb9ical leg5d x is relat$ t f\r preci\s /ones 7 giv5 by ,god to ,k+ ,solomon2 "o ( ^! 0 ! em]ald4 ,! possession ( ! f\r /ones is said to h end[$ ! wise k+ ) p[] ov] all creation4#id ,z ^! f\r /ones probably typifi$ ! f\r c>d9al po9ts1 & 7 v likely ( r$1 blue1 yell[1 & gre5 color respectively1 we might conjecture t ! o!r ?ree /ones 7 ! c>buncle1 ! lapis-lazuli1 & ! topaz4 ,aft] /at+ t ! em]ald %>p5s ! wits & quick5s ! intellig5ce1 ,c>dano decl>es t x !re=e made p m hone/1 = 8di%one/y is no?+ b ignorance1 /upidity1 & ill-nature40 ,! same writ] adds t ! /one 0 believ$ to make m5 economical & h5ce to make !m ri*1 b ( ?is he 0 v sceptical1 s9ce ! exp]i5ce ( o!rs z well z 8 own %[$ t ! em]ald possess$ v little p[] 9 ?is direction4#ie ,a talismanic em]ald1 once ! prop]ty ( ! ,mogul emp]ors ( ,delhi1 has rec5tly be5 %[n 9 ,europe4 ,! /one is ( a ri* deep gre51 & weighs #gh c>ats4 ,ar\nd ! edge 9 ,p]sian *>act]s runs ! inscription3 8,he :o possesses ?is *>m %all enjoy ! special protection ( ,god40 ,em]ald %>p5$ ! wits1 conf]r$ ri*es & ! p[] to pr$ict future ev5ts4 ,to evolve ?is latt] virtue x mu/ be put "u ! tongue4 ,x also /r5g!n$ ! memory4 ,! light-color$ /ones 7 e/eem$ ! be/ & leg5d told t !y 7 br\ght f ! 8ne/s ( griffons40#if ,gypsum ,gypsum :5 fibr\s--! fibres be+ long & /raight--is kn[n z 8sat9 sp>40 ,?is mat]ial is frequ5tly cut r\nd$1 or en cabo*on1 across ! fibres2 sometimes x is cut 9 ! =m ( beads1 or ( pe>-%ap$ drops1 :i* are m\nt$ 9 e>-r+s1 sc>f-p9s1 or necklaces4 ,! mat]ial is frequ5tly f\nd 9 ,russia1 ,engl&1 & else:]e1 & is cut 9 ,engl& or ,russia4 ,"s ( ! cut /ones are m\nt$ 9 brass1 or gild$ brass1 & sold z luck /ones at ,niag>a1 ! claim be+ made t ! 8sat9 sp>0 0 tak5 f b5ea? ! ,falls at great p]il1 z occasionally small deposits ( ?is k9d ( gypsum are f\nd "u ! ,falls4 ,f "t to "t small consignm5ts ( ?is mat]ial h be5 s5t to ,japan1 z ! ,japanese value x possibly on acc\nt ( its purity1 or ow+ to ! fact t x has ! effect ( ! cat's-eye4 ,x is q *eap1 & at ! same "t v s(t1 s t x c be scrat*$ ) ! f+]-nail4 ,t f\nd 9 ,russia is ( a gold5-yell[ or salmon color1 & is work$ into v>i\s ornam5ts1 ! "o popul> =m be+ egg-%ap$1 &1 because ( _! =m1 su* objects are frequ5tly giv5 z ,ea/] gifts4 ,! same mat]ial is also kn[n 9 ,egypt1 & is cut 9 ! same egg =m1 ! ornam5ts be+ call$ 8,ph>aoh's eggs10 al?\gh j :i* ,ph>aoh ?is ref]s to is n /at$4 ,!y are also believ$ to possess qualities ( protection & to br+ good =tune4 ,hematite ,! virtues ( ! hematite 7 prais$ 9 an anci5t gem-treatise writt5 by ,az*alias ( ,babylon = ,mi?ridates ! ,great1 ,k+ ( ,pontus 7d4 #fc ,b4,c471 a sov]eign :o 0 passionately fond ( preci\s /ones1 & possess$ a spl5did collection ( !m1 bo? engrav$ & un5grav$4 ,az*alias1 z cit$ by ,pl9y#ig taught t human de/9ies 7 influ5c$ by ! virtues inh]5t 9 preci\s /ones1 & ass]t$ t ! hematite1 :5 us$ z a talisman1 procur$ = ! we>] a favorable he>+ ( petitions address$ to k+s & a =tunate issue ( lawsuits & judgm5ts4 ,x is a r$ oxide ( iron1 :i* :5 abrad$ %[s a r$ /reak2 :5ce ! "n hematite1 f ! ,greek haima1 8blood40 ,z an iron ore & h5ce associat$ ) ,m>s1 ! god ( w>1 ?is sub/ance 0 also consid]$ to be an invaluable help to ! w>rior on ! field ( battle if he rubb$ 8 body ) x4 ,probably1 l ! load/one1 x 0 believ$ to conf] invuln]ability4 ,! high degree ( skill possess$ by ! ,pueblo work]s is /rik+ly %[n 9 a f9ely inlaid hematite cyl9d] f\nd 9 ,pueblo ,bonito4 ,! inlays are ( turquoise & are design$ to make ! cyl9d] a conv5tional repres5tation ( a bird4 ,! w+s are indicat$ by turquoise inlays ( pyramidal outl9e1 curv$ s z to foll[ ! curvature ( ! cyl9d]1 ! head be+ figur$ by a conical piece ( turquoise atta*$ to "o end4 ,?is conical t]m9ation bore a small bird-figure c>v$ 9 relief4#ih ,:5 we consid] ! difficulties ! ,indian work]s _h to ov]come 9 ! execution ( ?is arti/ic task ) ! tools at _! comm&1 we c well realize t ?is object1 probably an amulet1 mu/ h be5 consid]$ v valuable1 & 0 mo/ likely ! prop]ty ( "s "o ( high rank 9 ! tribe or community4 ,jac9? ,! jac9? 0 m especially recomm5d$ z an amulet = travell]s1 because ( its reput$ value z a protection aga9/ ! plague & aga9/ w\nds & injuries1 ! two classes ( p]ils mo/ fe>$ by ^? :o und]took long j\rneys4 ,moreov]1 ?is /one assur$ ! we>] a cordial reception at any ho/elry he visit$4#ii ,x 0 said to lose its brilliancy & gr[ pale & dull if ! we>] or any "o 9 8 imm$iate neighborhood became ill ( ! plague4 ,9 addition to ^! qualities ! jac9? augm5t$ ! ri*es ( ! own]1 & end[$ him ) prud5ce 9 ! conduct ( 8 affairs4#ajj ,/4 ,hildeg>d1 ! ,abbess ( ,b+5 7d4 #aagi71 gives ! foll[+ details z to ! prop] use ( ! ja*ant 7jac9?73#aja ,if any "o is bewit*$ by phantoms or by magical spells1 s t he has lo/ 8 wits1 take a hot loaf ( pure :eat5 bread & cut ! upp] cru/ 9 ! =m ( a cross1--n1 h[ev]1 cutt+ x q ?r\gh1--& !n pass ! /one along ! cutt+1 recit+ ^! words3 8,may ,god1 :o ca/ away all preci\s /ones f ! devil 444 ca/ away f !e1 ,n41 all phantoms & all magic spells1 & free !e f ! pa9 ( ?is madness40 ,! pati5t is !n to eat ( ! bread2 if1 h[ev]1 8 /oma* %\ld be too feeble1 unleav5$ bread may be us$4 ,all o!r solid food giv5 to ! sick p]son %\ld be treat$ 9 ! same mann]4 ,we are also told t if any "o has a pa9 9 8 he>t1 ! pa9 w be reliev$ provid$ ! sign ( ! cross be made ov] ! he>t :ile ! above m5tion$ words are recit$4 ,! we>] ( a jac9? 0 believ$ to be pro( aga9/ ! lightn+1 & x 0 ev5 ass]t$ t wax t _h be5 impress$ by an image grav5 on ?is /one av]t$ ! lightn+ f "o :o bore ! seal4 ,t ! /one really possess$ ?is p[] 0 a matt] ( common report1 x be+ confid5tly decl>$ t 9 regions :]e _m 7 /ruck by lightn+1 none :o wore a jac9? 7 ev] h>m$4 ,by a l miracle x pres]v$ ! we>] f all dang] ( pe/il5ce ev5 ?\gh he liv$ 9 an air *>g$ ) ! disease4 ,a ?ird virtue 0 to induce sleep4 ,( ?is1 ,c>dano /ates t he 0 9 ! habit ( we>+ r a l>ge jac9?1 & _h f\nd t ! /one 8seem$ to dispose some:at to sleep1 b n mu*40 ,he adds1 9 explanation ( its slight efficacy1 t 8 /one 0 n bright r$1 nor ( ! be/ sort1 b ( a gold5 hue1 diff]+ mu* f ! be/4#ajb ,jade ,! "n jade includes two di/9ct m9]als1 nephrite & jadeite4 ,! =m] is a silicate ( magnesia1 ( exce$+ly t\gh /ructure1 & ranks #f4e 9 ! scale ( h>dness1 :ile jadeite1 a silicate ( alum9a1 is m cry/all9e & n z t\gh z nephrite & has a h>dness ( #g4 ,a v>iety hav+ a ri* em]ald-gre5 hue is call$ by ! ,*9ese fei ts'ui1 8,k+fi%] plumes02 x is also d5om9at$ ,imp]ial jade4 ,! orig9al =m ( ! ,*9ese "* pao1 signify+ 8preci\s10 consi/s ( ! outl9e ( a h\se1 )9 :i* are ! symbols ( jade beads1 %ell1 & an e>!n j>4 ,?is %[s t at ! v e>ly "t :5 ^! *>act]s 7 fir/ us$1 ! ,*9ese already collect$ jade & employ$ x = p]sonal adornm5t4#ajc ,! olde/ =m ( ! ideograph = 8k+01 #c 8beads0 on a v]tical /r+1 appe>s to be ! symbol = a /r+ ( jade beads1 :i* are ev5 n[ us$ 9 ,*9a z insignia = high rank & au?ority4#ajd ,jade amulets ( _m diff]5t =ms are popul> ) ! ,*9ese4 ,"o repres5t+ two m5 is call$ 8,two ,bro!rs ( ,heav5ly ,love10 & is (t5 giv5 to fri5ds4 ,a phnix ( jade is a favorite ornam5t = "y girls & is be/[$ ^u !m :5 !y come ( age4 ,to a newly-w$d$ pair is giv5 ! figure ( a man rid+ on a unicorn & hold+ ca/anets 9 8 h&2 ?is signifies t an heir w be born 9 due "t4 ,su* is ! fondness ( ! ,*9ese = jade t ^? :o c af=d ! luxury ( its possession are wont to c>ry ) !m small pieces1 s t !y may h !m always at h&2 = !y believe t1 :5 h&l$1 some?+ ( ! secret virtue ( ! sub/ance is absorb$ into ! body4 ,:5 /ruck1 jade is ?\ght to emit a peculi>ly melodi\s s\nd1 :i* = ! ,*9ese poet resembles ! voice ( ! lov$ "o2 inde$1 jade is t]m$ ! conc5trat$ ess5ce ( love4 ,fa%ion$ into ! =m ( a butt]fly1 a piece ( jade acquires a special romantic significance 9 ,*9a1 because ( a ,*9ese leg5d :i* relates t a y\? 9 8 eag] pursuit ( a _m-hu$ butt]fly made 8 way into ! g>d5 ( a ri* m&>94 ,in/ead ( be+ puni%$ = 8 trespass1 ! y\?'s unc]emoni\s visit l$ to 8 m>riage ) ! m&>9's daught]4 ,h5ce ! figure ( a butt]fly is a symbol ( successful love1 & ,*9ese bridegrooms are wont to pres5t jade butt]flies to _! fiances4 ,a ,*9ese jade ornam5t con/itut+ a *ild's amulet assumes a =m approximat+ to t ( a padlock4 ,:5 ?is is atta*$ to a *ild's neck1 x is suppos$ to b9d ! little "o to life & protect x f all dang] 9 infantile diseases4 ,a jade object ( a diff]5t k9d is sometimes us$ at nuptial fea/s 9 ,*9a4 ,?is is a cup hav+ ! =m ( a cock1 & bo? bride & groom dr9k f x4 ,! =m ( ?is vessel is acc\nt$ = by a leg5d to ! effect t :5 a beautiful :ite cock saw its "y mi/ress1 :o _h (t5 pett$ x1 ?r[ h]self into a well 9 a transport ( despair at ! loss ( h] lov]1 ! fai?ful f[l s\ght & f\nd dea? 9 ! same way1 s z n to be sep>at$ f its mi/ress4 ,among ! spl5did ,*9ese jade c>v+s ( ! ,woodw>d ,collection is a curi\s symbolic ornam5t c>v$ out ( ! r>e fei-ts'ui y1 or 8k+fi%]-gre5 jade10 a ri* em]ald gre5 jadeite ) transluc5t gre5 %ad+4 ,?is ornam5t1 execut$ 9 ! beg9n+ ( ! eighte5? c5tury & believ$ to be a product ( ! ,imp]ial ,jade ,works 9 ,pek+1 figures ! natural =m ( a s-call$ 8h&-(-,buddha0 citron1 ! f+]-l protub]ances ( ! fruit sugge/+ ?is /rangely fanciful "n4 ,! ,*9ese reg>d ?is z a mo/ felicit\s emblem1 d5ot+ at once a long life & abundance ( ri*es = its enjoym5t4 ,9 ! pres5t c>v+ ! figure ( a bat cl++ to ! foliage envelop+ ! fruit con/itutes an add$ om5 ( good =tune1 ! ,*9ese "* fu signify+ at once 8bat0 & 8happ9ess10 ano!r pro( ( :at we are prone to call ,*9ese que]ness1 = ) ! sup]/iti\s ( our race ! bat is always look$ ^u z especially ill-om5$4#aje ,x is a well-kn[n fact t _m analogies h be5 f\nd betwe5 ! cu/oms1 usages1 & products ( ! m civiliz$ aborig9es ( ! ,new ,_w & ^? ( ! anci5t ,egyptians4 ,ano!r in/ance is (f]$ by ! cu/om ( plac+ a piece ( *al*ihuitl 7jade87 or ( "s o!r gre5 /one 9 ! m\? ( a noble1 aft] 8 dea?1 & call+ ?is 8 he>t4 ,among ! l[] classes a texaxoctli1 a /one ( small value1 0 us$ = ! same purpose4 ,we %all see t1 9 ! ,egyptian 8,book ( ! ,dead10 directions are giv5 = putt+ a semi-preci\s /one on or 9 a mummy1 z a symbol1 & designat+ ?is ! he>t ( ! deceas$ p]son4 ,= ! use ( a gre5 /one = ?is purpose by ! anci5t ,mexicans1 ,mrs4 ,zelia ,nuttall f9ds a reason 9 ! two mean+s ( ! ,nahuatl ^w xox\hqui-yollotl1 :i* is us$ to signify a 8free man10 ! lit]al mean+ be+ a 8fre% or gre5 he>t40 ,h5ce1 ! /one 0 a symbol ( ! rank ( ! deceas$ z well z ( 8 he>t4#ajf ,! fact t jade celts h be5 f\nd cut into sev]al pieces is tak5 to indicate ! high value plac$ ^u ?is mat]ial2 = x has be5 conjectur$ by ,dr4 ,e>le ,fl9t1 t a liv+ *ief w\ld cut a piece f ! jade he wore z a sign ( 8 rank1 9 ord] to provide a suitable ornam5t or amulet = a dead k9sman4 ,to c]ta9 ( ! ,*9ese 8tomb-jades0--t is1 jade amulets deposit$ ) ! dead--has be5 giv5 ! "n han-y1 or 8m\?-jade10 because ^! amulets1 suppos$ to af=d protection to ! dead1 7 plac$ 9 _! m\?s4 ,! ,metropolitan ,museum ( ,art 9 ,new ,york conta9s a f9e collection ( #bgi specim5s ( jade f ,*9ese tombs1 f\nd )9 ! pa/ five or six ye>s1 & pres5t$ to ! museum by ,mr4 ,samuel ,f4 ,pet]s4 ,9 color ^! jades are n especially attractive1 = ! mat]ial has acquir$ a br[ni% /a91 due to ! products ( decomposition ( ! body1 & also to ! absorption ( "s ( ! *emical con/itu5ts ( ! o!r objects 9 ! tomb1 dur+ ! long p]iod ( "t1 9 _m cases a ?\s& ye>s or m1 s9ce ! bodies 7 consign$ to _! f9al re/+ place4 ,s multif>i\s are ! uses to :i* jade is put by ! ,*9ese1 & s great is _! admiration ( its qualities1 t !y reg>d x z ! musical gem p> excell5ce4 ,a s]ies ( oblong pieces ( jade1 ( ! same l5g? & wid?1 usually ab\t #a4h feet long & #a4ce feet wide1 & numb]+ f #ab to #bd1 con/itute a *ime1 ! diff]5ce 9 ! notes emitt$ by ! mat]ial :5 %>ply /ruck dep5d+ ^u ! v>y+ ?ickness ( ! sep>ate pieces4 ,:at is designat$ ! 8/one *ime0 us$ 9 c\rt & religi\s c]emonials1 is compos$ ( #af undecorat$ /ones1 :ile a s]ies kn[n z ! s+]s' *ime consi/s ( f #ab to #bd pieces c>v$ into fanta/ic %apes4 ,?is use ( jade = ! production ( musical s\nds dates f> back 9 ! ,*9ese annals4 ,we are told t :5 ,confucius 0 mu* tr\bl$ at ! ill-success ( 8 ef=ts to re=m ! ,*9ese morals ( 8 day1 he s\ght consolation 9 play+ on ! 8musical /one40 ,a peasant :o not$ ?is 9 pass+ by1 exclaim$1 z he he>d ! s\nds3 8,full inde$ is ! he>t ( him :o beats ! musical /one l t60#ajg ,a jade ornam5t greatly favor$ by ! ,maoris ( ,new ,zeal& bore ! "n hei-tiki 78a c>v$ image = ! neck074 ,! ornam5ts ( ?is class are v rude & grotesque repres5tations ( ! human face or =m1 & 7 g5]ally reg>d$ z s*ematically figur+ "s dep>t$ ance/or4 ,! head sometimes slant$ "r or left1 s t ! eyes1 :i* 7 v l>ge & occasionally inlaid ) "m-(-pe>l1 7 on an angle ( =ty-five degrees4 ,^! ornam5ts 7 priz$ n only z memorials1 b because1 hav+ be5 worn by successive ance/ors1 !y 7 suppos$ to communicate some?+ ( ! v be+ ( ^? ance/ors to su* desc5dants z 7 privileg$ to we> ! treasur$ heirloom 9 _! turn4 ,9 _m cases1 :5 ! family 0 dy+ out1 ! la/ male memb] w\ld leave directions t 8 hei-tiki %\ld be buri$ ) him1 s t x might n fall into ! h&s ( /rang]s4#ajh ,s r>e 0 ?is ,new ,zeal& jade1 kn[n to ! ,maoris z punamu 7gre5-/one71 t ! aid ( a tohunga1 or wiz>d1 0 reg>d$ z necess>y to le>n :]e x c\ld be f\nd4 ,on sett+ =? on a se>* = ?is mat]ial1 ! jade-seek]s w\ld take ) !m a tohunga1 & :5 ! p>ty rea*$ ! region :]e jade 0 usually f\nd ! tohunga w\ld retire to "s solit>y spot & w\ld fall into a trance4 ,on awak+ he w\ld claim t ! _s ( "s p]son1 dead or liv+1 _h appe>$ to him & _h direct$ to se>* 9 a p>ticul> place = ! jade4 ,he w\ld !n conduct ! p>ty to ?is place1 :]e a l>g] or small] piece ( jade 0 inv>iably f\nd4 ,( c\rse ! wiz>d _h previ\sly assur$ himself ( ! pres5ce ( ! /one 9 ! place indicat$4 ,to ?is jade 0 giv5 ! "n ( ! man ^: _s _h reveal$ its location1 & 9 _m cases ! grotesque =m giv5 to ! /one 0 conceiv$ to repres5t ?is man4 ,we c easily und]/& ! rev]5ce accord$ to ! hei-tikis :5 we consid] t !y 7 n only priz$ z heirlooms1 :i* _h be5 h&$ d[n by ! successive heads ( ! family1 b 7 also believ$ to h be5 orig9ally f\nd 9 su* a my/]i\s way4 ,:5 ! head ( ! family di$1 8 hei-tiki 0 g5]ally buri$ ) 8 body1 b 0 exhum$ aft] a %ort] or long] "t by ! ne>e/ male relative4 ,z we h not$1 if no repres5tative ( ! family rema9$1 ! heirloom 0 all[$ to rema9 9 ! grave4 ,! fact t tribal or int]tribal feuds sometimes arose 9 reg>d to ! possession ( a hei-tiki s]ves to prove ! peculi> virtues ascrib$ to !m4 ,:ile !re c be little d\bt t ! heirloom 0 suppos$ to repres5t1 9 a v g5]al way1 ! p]son ^: "n x bore1 ! p>ticul> =m giv5 x 0 l>gely det]m9$ by ! natural %ape ( ! mass1 :i* 0 sl[ly & pati5tly fa%ion$ into ! =m x ev5tually acquir$4 ,?\gh ?is 0 ma9ly due to ! imp]fect means ( :i* ! arti/ dispos$1 !re 0 probably a conviction t ! =m ( ! natural /one 0 n ! result ( accid5t1 b 0 9 itself significant & requir$ only to be r5d]$ m cle> & def9ite4 ,! fabrication ( ! hei-tikis ( ! ,maoris is said to h ceas$ 9 ! e>ly "p ( ! la/ c5tury4 ,! great] numb] ( ^? t h be5 collect$ 9 ,new ,zeal& appe> to h be5 made f "o hundr$ to "o hundr$ & fifty ye>s ago4#aji ,jasp] ,! jasp] _h great repute 9 anci5t times z a ra9-br+]1 & ! f\r? c5tury au?or ( 8,li?ica0 celebrates ?is quality 9 ! foll[+ l9es3#aaj ,! gods propiti\s he>k5 to 8 pray]s1 ,:oe'er ! poli%$ grass-gre5 jasp] we>s2 ,8 p>*$ glebe !y'll satiate ) ra91 ,& s5d = %[]s to soak ! ?ir/y pla94 ,evid5tly ! gre5 hue ( ?is transluc5t /one sugge/$ its association ) ! v]dure ( ! fields 9 an ev5 clos] degree ?an 0 ! case ) transp>5t gre5 /ones su* z ! em]ald1 etc4 ,ano!r e>ly au?ority1 ,damig]on1 m5tions ?is belief1 & /ates t only :5 prop]ly consecrat$ w\ld ! jasp] d s]vice 9 ?is way4#aaa ,jasp] 0 also cr$it$ 9 ! f\r? c5tury ) ! virtue ( driv+ away evil spirits & protect+ ^? :o wore x f ! bites ( v5om\s creatures4#aab ,an anonym\s ,g]man au?or ( ! elev5? or twelf? c5tury recomm5ds ! use ( ?is /one = ! cure ( snake bites1 & /ates t if x be plac$ ^u ! bitt5 "p ! matt] w come out f ! w\nd4#aac ,"h ! cure is op]at$1 n by ! absorb5t quality ( ! /one1 b by its suppos$ p[] to attract poison or v5om to itself1 ?us remov+ ! cause ( disease4 ,a popul> etymology ( ! ,greek & ,lat9 "n = jasp] is report$ by ,b>tolomu ,anglicus1 :o writes t 89 ! head ( an add] t hyght ,aspis is f\nde a lytyl /one t is call$ ,jaspis40 ,! same au?ority pron\nces ?is /one to be ( 8wund] v]tue10 & says t 8x ha? z _m v]tues z dyv]s col\res & ve9es40#aad ,?is is fully 9 accord ) tradition1 =1 z color 0 at lea/ z important z *emical composition 9 det]m9+ ! talismanic or !rapeutic wor? ( ! diff]5t /ones1 ! great v>iety ( colors & m>k+s 9 ! diff]5t jasp]s naturally indicat$ _! use 9 _m diff]5t ways4 ,jet ,jet has be5 f\nd among ! paloli?ic rema9s 9 ! caves ( ! 8,kessl]lo*10 ne> ,?ayng51 ,canton ,s*affhaus51 ,switz]l&4 ,! mat]ial 0 evid5tly d]iv$ f ! deposits 9 ,wrtemb]g & 0 %ap$ by fl9t *ips4 ,q possibly jet1 z well z amb]1 0 already reg>d$ z possess+ a c]ta9 talismanic virtue4 ,su* ornam5ts1 :5 worn1 7 believ$ to become a "p ( ! v body & s\l ( ! we>]1 & 7 !re=e to be gu>d$ ) jeal\s c>e4#aae ,9 ! paloli?ic cave-deposits ( ,belgium also1 jet appe>s1 ! supply be+ 9 ?is in/ance d]iv$ f nor!rn ,lorra9e4 ,! fragm5ts _h be5 r\nd$ & pi]c$ ?r\gh ! c5tre4#aaf ,?is indicates _! use z p>ts ( a necklace or z p5dants4 ,necklaces1 bracelets1 & r+s 7 especially favor$ = ! we>+ ( talismanic gems1 s9ce ! /ones c\ld easily be s set t !y w\ld come 9 direct contact ) ! sk94 ,jet 0 "o ( ! mat]ials us$ by ! ,pueblo ,indians = _! amulets4 ,an exceptionally well-execut$ figure ( a frog made ( ?is mat]ial 0 f\nd 9 ,pueblo ,bonito1 9 #ahif1 by ,mr4 ,pepp]4 ,! repres5tation is mu* m reali/ic ?an is ! case 9 ! o!r figures ( ?is type f ?is region4 ,turquoise eyes h be5 ins]t$ 9 ! head ( ! figure & a b& ( turquoise surr\nds ! neck4#aag ,lapis-,lazuli ,bo? 9 ,babylonia & 9 ,egypt1 lapis-lazuli 0 v highly valu$1 & ?is is %[n by ! use ( its ,assyrian "n 7uknu7 9 poetic metaphor4 ,?us1 9 a hymn to ! moon-god ,s91 he is address$ z ! 8/rong bull1 great ( horns1 p]fect 9 =m1 ) long fl[+ be>d1 bright z lapis-lazuli40#aah ,?is may rem9d u ( ! 8hyac9?9e locks0 ( classical lit]ature4 ,lapis-lazuli1 8a blue /one ) little gold5 spots10 0 a cure = melan*oly & = ! 8qu>t]n fev]10 an int]mitt5t fev] return+ ea* ?ird day1 or ea* f\r? day c\nt+ 9 ! previ\s attack4#aai ,illu/ration3 ,,jasp] ,,p5dant4 ,aztec ,mexican4 ,us$ to /an* blood4 ,illu/ration3 ,,piece ,,( ,,natural ,,load/one4 ,us$ 9 sixte5? c5tury = m$ic9al purposes4 ,illu/ration3 ,,aragonite ,,p5dant4 ,us$ = votive purposes 9 ,arm5ia4 ,field ,museum1 ,*icago4 ,load/one ,we h ! au?ority ( ,plato 7,ion1 #ecc ,d7 = ! /atem5t t ! ^w magnetis 0 fir/ appli$ to ! load/one by ! tragic poet ,euripides 7#dhj-dje ,b4,c471 ! m usual "n be+ 8! ,h]aclean /one40 ,^! designations ref] to two places 9 ,lydia1 ,magnesia & ,h]akleia1 :]e ! m9]al 0 f\nd4#abj ,pl9y /ates1 on ! au?ority ( ,nic&]1 t a c]ta9 ,magnes1 a %eph]d1 discov]$ ! m9]al on ,m\nt ,ida1 :ile pa/ur+ 8 flock1 because ! nails ( 8 %oes clung to a piece ( x4#aba ,we are told by ,pl9y t ,ptolemy ,philadelphus 7#cji-bdg ,b4,c471 plann+ to erect a temple 9 honor ( 8 si/] & wife ,ars9o1 call$ 9 ! aid ( ,*irocrates1 an ,alex&rian ar*itect4 ,! latt] engag$ to place !re9 an iron /atue ( ,ars9o :i* %\ld appe> to hang 9 mid-air )\t support4 ,h[ev]1 bo? ! ,egyptian k+ & 8 ar*itect di$ be=e ! design c\ld be realiz$4#abb ,?is /ory ( an image held 9 susp5se by means ( p[]ful magnets set 9 ! floor & ro(1 & sometimes also 9 ! walls ( a temple1 is repeat$ 9 a v>iety ( =ms by e>ly writ]s4 ,( c\rse1 !re 0 no real f\ndation = su* tales1 z ! ?+ is altoge!r impracticable4 ,! ,roman poet ,claudian 7fif? c5tury ,a4,d47 relates t ! prie/s ( a c]ta9 temple1 9 ord] to (f] a dramatic spectacle to ! eyes ( ! wor%ipp]s1 caus$ two /atues to be execut$1--"o ( ,m>s 9 iron1 & ano!r ( ,v5us 9 load/one4 ,at a special fe/ival ^! /atues 7 plac$ ne> to ea* o!r1 & ! load/one drew ! iron to itself4 ,claudian vividly describes ?is3 ,! prie/s prep>e a m>riage fea/4 ,behold a m>vel6 ,in/ant to h] arms ,h] eag] husb& ,cy!reia *>ms2 ,& ev] m9dful ( h] anci5t fires1 ,) amor\s brea? 8 m>tial brea/ inspires2 ,lifts ! lov$ weight1 close r\nd 8 helmet tw9es ,h] lov+ arms1 & close embraces jo9s1 ,drawn by ! my/ic influ5ce f af>4 ,flies to ! w$d$ gem ! ,god ( ,w>4 ,! ,magnet w$s ! ,/eel3 ! sacr$ rites ,nature att5ds1 & ?' heav5ly pair unites4#abc ,!re 0 curr5t z e>ly z ! f\r? c5tury a curi\s belief t a piece ( load/one1 if plac$ b5ea? ! pill[ ( a sleep+ wife1 w\ld act z a t\*/one ( h] virtue4 ,?is fir/ appe>s 9 ! ,alex&rian poem 8,li?ica10 & x has be5 ?us qua9tly ,engli%$ by a f\rte5? c5tury translator3 ,also magnes is 9 lyke wyse z adamas2 yf x be sett "u ! he$ ( a *a/e wyfe1 x maky? h] sod5ly to beclyppe embrace h] husbonde2 yf %e be a sp[se brek]1 %e %all meve h] oute ( ! b$ sod5ly by dr$e ( fantasy4#abd ,! same writ] attempts an explanation ( ! popul> fancy t :5 p[d]$ load/one 0 ?r[n ^u coals 9 ! f\r corn]s ( a h\se1 ! inmates w\ld feel z ?\gh ! h\se 7 fall+ d[n2 ( ?is he says3 8,t seemynge is by mevynge mov+ t comy? by tornynge ( ! brayn40#abe ,9 classical writ+s ! fasc9ation ex]cis$ by a v beautiful woman is sometimes lik5$ to ! attractive p[] ( ! load/one1 z notably by ,lucian1#abf :o says t if su* a woman looks at a man %e draws him to h]1 & leads him :i!r %e w1 j z ! load/one draws ! iron4 ,to ! same idea is probably due ! fact t 9 sev]al languages ! "n giv5 to ! load/one indicates t its peculi> p[] 0 conceiv$ to be a manife/ation ( ! sympa?y or love ( "o m9]al sub/ance = ano!r4 ,?is is commonly believ$ to be ! s5se 9 :i* we %\ld und]/& ! ,fr5* designation aimant1 namely1 z ! p>ticiple ( ! v]b aim]1 8to love02 h[ev]1 "s etymologi/s pref] to d]ive ! ^w f adamas1 sometimes us$ 9 ,l[ ,lat9 = ! load/one1 al?\gh prop]ly signify+ ! diamond4 ,x is c]ta9ly wor?y ( note t 9 two su* dissimil> languages z ,sanskrit & ,*9ese1 ! influ5ce ( ?is idea appe>s 9 ! names giv5 to ! load/one4 ,9 ,sanskrit ! ^w is *umbaka or 8! kiss]10 & 9 ,*9ese t' su %i1 or 8! lov+-/one40 ,*9 ,t'sang ,khi1 a ,*9ese au?or ( ! eigh? c5tury1 wrote t 8! load/one attracts iron j z does a t5d] "m :5 %e calls h] *ildr5 to h]40#abg ,a ri* gr[? ( ,mohamm$an leg5ds grew up ab\t ! exploits ( ,alex&] ! ,great1 a /rik+ example be+ giv5 on ano!r page1 & 9 "o ( !m x is relat$ t ! ,greek _w-conqu]or provid$ 8 soldi]s ) load/ones z a def5ce aga9/ ! wiles ( ! j9ns1 or evil spirits2 ! load/one1 z well z magnetiz$ iron1 be+ reg>d$ z a sure def5ce aga9/ en*antm5ts & all ! ma*9ations ( malignant spirits4#abh ,9 ! ,ea/ ,indies x is said t a k+ %\ld h a seat ( load/one at 8 coronation2 probably because ! magnetic influ5ce ( ! /one 0 suppos$ to attract p[]1 favor1 & gifts to ! sov]eign4 ,b x is n only 9 ! ,ori5t t magnetite is priz$ = its talismanic p[]s1 = ev5 9 "s p>ts ( our own l& ?is belief is /ill preval5t4 ,l>ge quantities ( load/one are f\nd at ,magnet ,cove1 ,arkansas1 & x is e/imat$ t f "o to ?ree tons are sold annually to ! negroes to be us$ 9 ! ,voodoo c]emonies z conjur+ /ones4 ,! mat]ial has be5 f\nd 9 l& us$ = f>m+ purposes1 & _m pieces h be5 turn$ up 9 pl\gh+ = corn2 ^! v>y f ! size ( a pea to masses weigh+ f t5 to tw5ty p\nds4 ,!y occur 9 a r$di%-br[n1 /icky soil2 _! surface is smoo? & br[n & !y h ! appe>ance ( wat]-worn pebbles4 ,9 ,july1 #ahhg1 an int]e/+ case 0 tri$ 9 ,macon1 ,georgia1 :]e a negro woman su$ a conjuror to recov] five doll>s :i* %e _h paid him = a piece ( load/one to s]ve z a *>m to br+ back h] w&]+ husb&4 ,z ! m>ket value ( ?is m9]al 0 only sev5ty-five c5ts a p\nd1 & ! piece 0 v small1 weigh+ b a few ounces1 ! judge ord]$ t ! money %\ld be refund$4#abi ,mala*ite ,= "s reason n easy to fa?om1 mala*ite 0 consid]$ to be a talisman peculi>ly appropriate = *ildr54 ,if a piece ( ?is /one 7 atta*$ to an infant's cradle1 all evil spirits 7 held alo( & ! *ild slept s\ndly & peacefully4#acj ,9 "s p>ts ( ,g]many1 mala*ite %>$ ) turquoise ! repute ( protect+ ! we>] f dang] 9 fall+1 & x also gave w>n+ ( approa*+ disa/] by break+ into sev]al pieces4#aca ,?is mat]ial 0 well kn[n to ! anci5t ,egyptians1 mala*ite m9es hav+ be5 work$ betwe5 ,suez & ,s9ai z e>ly z #djjj ,b4,c4 ,! appropriate design to be engrav$ ^u mala*ite 0 ! image ( ! sun4 ,su* a gem became a p[]ful talisman & protect$ ! we>] f en*antm5ts1 f evil spirits1 & f ! attacks ( v5om\s creatures4#acb ,! sun1 z ! s\rce ( all light1 0 g5]ally reg>d$ z ! deadly enemy ( necromanc]s1 wit*es1 & demons1 :o delight$ 9 ! d>kness & fe>$ no?+ m ?an ! bright light ( day4 ,moon/one ,! moon/one is believ$ to br+ good =tune & is reg>d$ z a sacr$ /one 9 ,india4 ,x is nev] display$ = sale !re1 except on a yell[ clo?1 z yell[ is an especially sacr$ color4 ,z a gift = lov]s ! moon/one takes a high rank1 = x is believ$ to ar\se ! t5d] passion1 & to give lov]s ! p[] to read 9 ! future ! =tune1 good or ill1 t is 9 /ore = !m4 ,to ga9 ?is k1 h[ev]1 ! /one mu/ be plac$ 9 ! m\? :ile ! moon is full4#acc ,anto9e ,mizauld#acd tells u ( a sel5ite or moon/one own$ by a fri5d ( 81 a great travell]4 ,?is /one1 ab\t ! size ( ! gold piece kn[n z ! gold noble1 b some:at ?ick]1 indicat$ ! wax+ & wan+ ( ! moon by a c]ta9 :ite po9t or m>k :i* grew l>g] or small] z did ! moon4 ,mizauld relates t to conv9ce himself ( ! tru? ( ?is he obta9$ possession ( ! /one = "o lun> mon?1 dur+ :i* "t he s$ul\sly obs]v$ x4 ,! :ite m>k fir/ appe>$ at ! top4 ,x 0 l a small millet-se$1 increas+ 9 size & mov+ d[n on ! /one1 always assum+ ! =m ( ! moon until1 on rea*+ ! middle1 x 0 r\nd l ! full moon2 !n ! m>k gradually pass$ up aga9 z ! moon dim9i%$4 ,! own] decl>$ t he _h 8v[$ & d$icat$ ?is /one to ! "y k+ ,edw>d ,,vi1 :o 0 !n highly e/eem$ because he _h good judgm5t 9 reg>d to r>e & preci\s ?+s40 ,onyx ,! onyx1 if worn on ! neck1 0 said to cool ! ardors ( love1 & ,c>dano relates t ev]y:]e 9 ,india ! /one 0 worn = ?is purpose4#ace ,?is belief is closely relat$ to ! idea commonly associat$ ) ! onyx1--namely1 t x provok$ discord & sep>at$ lov]s4 ,! close union & yet ! /range contra/ betwe5 ! lay]s ( black & :ite may h sugge/$ ?is4 ,illu/ration3 ,,obsidian ,,mask1 ,,f ,,! ,,fay\m1 ,,egypt4 ,twelf? ,dyna/y4 ,late ,de ,lesseps ,collection4 ,collection ( ,mrs4 ,h5ry ,drap]4 ,! obsidian is ! typical /one ( ,mexico4 ,pyrites ,cry/als ( iron pyrites 7pyrite1 native iron disulphide7 are sometimes us$ z amulets by ! ,nor? ,am]ican ,indians1 & ! belief 9 _! magic p[] is atte/$ by _! pres5ce 9 ! outfit ( miscellane\s objects :i* ! m$ic9e-m5 use 9 ! c\rse ( _! incantations4 ,because ^! gleam+ yell[ cry/als are occasionally mi/ak5 = gold1 ! "n 8fool's gold0 has be5 popul>ly be/[$ ^u !m4#acf ,illu/ration3 ,,obsidian ,,mirror1 ,,f ,,oaxaca1 ,,mexico4 ,,n[ ,,9 ,,trocad,,ro ,,museum1 ,,p>is4 ,see 8,gems & ,preci\s ,/ones ( ,nor? ,am]ica10 by ,george ,fr$]ick ,kunz1 ,new ,york1 #ahij1 p4 #bii4 ,( ?is mat]ial ! anci5t ,mexicans made wond]ful mirrors1 "o side be+ usually poli%$ flat1 :ile ! o!r side 0 /rongly convex4 ,frequ5tly ?is side 0 curi\sly c>v$ ) "s symbolic repres5tation z appe>s 9 ! case ( a pyrite mirror ( ! ,p9>d collection 9 ! ,trocadro1 ,p>is4#acg ,rock-cry/al ,! popul> belief 9 8 "t z to ! orig9 ( rock-cry/al is voic$ by ,/4 ,j]ome1 :51 us+ ! words ( ,pl9y1 al?\gh n cit+ 8 au?ority1 he says t x 0 =m$ by ! congelation ( wat] 9 d>k cav]ns ( ! m\nta9s1 :]e ! temp]ature 0 int5sely cold1 s t1 8,:ile a /one to ! t\*1 x seems l wat] to ! eye40 ,?is belief 0 evid5tly due to ! fact t rock-cry/al 0 s (t5 f\nd 9 m\nta9 clefts & cav]ns4 ,symbolically1 x signifi$ t ^? )9 ! portals ( ! ,*ur* %\ld keep !mselves free f /a9 & h a pure fai?4#ach ,illu/ration3 ,,rock-,,cry/al ,,skull1 ,,anci5t ,,mexican ,weigh+ #dge oz4 ,troy4 ,n[ 9 ! ,briti% ,museum1 ,london4 ,f 8,gems & ,preci\s ,/ones ( ,nor? ,am]ica10 by ,george ,fr$]ick ,kunz1 ,new ,york1 #ahij1 p4 #bhe4 ,! ,*9ese emp]or ,wu 0 devot$ to ! s]vice ( ! gods & ( ! immortal spirits4 ,he built _m edifices = religi\s purposes1 & all ! doors ( ^! build+s 7 made ( :ite rock-cry/al1 s t a flood ( light p\r$ into ! int]ior4 ,al?\gh ! ,*9ese texts call ?is mat]ial rock-cry/al1 x is possible t ! "n 0 appli$ to glass :5 t sub/ance 0 b rec5tly introduc$ into ,*9a4#aci ,reg>d+ ?is same 8rock-cry/al0 a humor\s tale is relat$4 ,muan-f51 a m&>9 :o _h a great t]ror ( draughts1 0 once receiv$ 9 ! palace by "o ( ! ,*9ese emp]ors4 ,! doors ( ! audi5ce *amb] 7 ( rock-cry/al & 7 tightly clos$1 b1 because ( ! transp>5cy ( ! mat]ial1 !y seem$ to be wide op51 & ! emp]or 0 greatly amus$ to note t ,muan-f5 0 %iv]+ ) cold1 al?\gh ! temp]ature ( ! room 0 q com=table4#adj ,an exceptionally f9e specim5 ( ,aztec "w is a skull c>v$ out ( rock-cry/al4 ,x weighs #dge ounces ,troy1 & measures #h in*es 9 wid?4 ,ruby ,! ruby has _m names 9 ,sanskrit1 "s ( !m cle>ly %[+ t x 0 m valu$ z a gem by ! ,h9dus ?an any o!r4 ,= in/ance1 x is call$ ratn>aj1 8k+ ( preci\s /ones10 & ratnanyaka1 8lead] ( preci\s /ones20 ano!r "n1 appli$ to a p>ticul> %ade ( ruby is padm>ga1 8r$ z ! lotus40#ada ,! gl[+ hue ( ! ruby sugge/$ ! idea t an inext+ui%able flame burn$ 9 ?is /one4 ,f ?is fancy came ! ass]tion t ! inn] fire c\ld n be hidd51 z x w\ld %9e ?r\gh ! clo?+ or ?r\gh any mat]ial t might be wrapp$ ar\nd ! /one4#adb ,if ca/ into ! wat] ! ruby communicat$ its heat to ! liquid1 caus+ x to boil4 ,! d>k & ! /> rubies 7 call$ 8male0 /ones1 ! o!rs1 m especially1 h[ev]1 ^? ( light] hue1 be+ consid]$ z 8female0 /ones4 ,all v>ieties s]v$ to pres]ve ! bodily & m5tal heal? ( ! we>]1 = !y remov$ evil ?\ghts1 controll$ amor\s desires1 dissipat$ pe/il5tial vapors1 & reconcil$ disputes4#adc ,9 ! 8,lapidaire0 ( ,philippe de ,valois1 x is said t 8! books tell u ! beautiful cle> & f9e ruby is ! "l ( /ones2 x is ! gem ( gems1 & surpasses all o!r preci\s /ones 9 virtue40 ,9 ! "t ( ,m>bodus 7end ( ! elev5? c5tury ,a4,d47 ! same pr\d place 0 assign$ to ! sapphire4 ,! ruby is spok5 ( 9 simil> t]ms 9 ! 8,lapidaire en ,v]s10 :]e x is call$ 8! mo/ preci\s ( ! twelve /ones ,god creat$ :5 ,he creat$ all creatures04 ,by ,*ri/'s comm& ! ruby 0 plac$ on ,a>on's neck1 8! ruby1 call$ ! "l ( gems2 ! highly priz$1 ! de>ly lov$ ruby1 s fair ) its gay color40#add ,z ) diamonds1 rubies also 7 divid$ by ! ,h9dus into f\r ca/es4 ,! true ,ori5tal ruby 0 a ,brahm92 ! rubicelle1 a ,k%atriya2 ! sp9el1 a ,vaisya1 & la/ly1 ! balas-ruby1 a ,sudra4 ,! possession ( a padm>ga1 or ,brahm9 ruby1 conf]r$ p]fect safety ^u ! own]1 & z long z he own$ ?is preci\s /one he c\ld dwell )\t fe> 9 ! mid/ ( enemies & 0 %ield$ f adv]se =tune4 ,h[ev]1 great c>e _h to be tak5 to pres]ve ?is ruby ( ! fir/ class f contact ) inf]ior specim5s1 z its virtue w\ld !reby be contam9at$1 & its p[] = good correspond+ly dim9i%$4#ade ,! _m talismanic virtues ( ! ruby are not$ 9 ! f\rte5? c5tury treatise attribut$ to ,sir ,john ,m&eville4#adf ,"h ! =tunate own] ( a brilliant ruby is assur$ t he w live 9 peace & concord ) all m51 t nei!r 8 l& nor 8 rank w be tak5 f him1 & t he w be pres]v$ f all p]ils4 ,! /one w\ld also gu>d 8 h\se1 8 fruit-trees1 & 8 v9ey>ds f injury by tempe/s4 ,all ! good effects 7 mo/ surely secur$ if ! ruby1 set 9 r+1 bracelet1 or broo*1 7 worn on ! left side4 ,! gorge\s ruby1 ! favorite gem ( ,burma1 :]e ! f9e/ specim5s are f\nd1 is n only valu$ = its beauty1 b is also believ$ to conf] invuln]ability4 ,to atta9 ?is end1 h[ev]1 x is n ?\ght to be suffici5t to we> ^! /ones 9 a r+ or o!r piece ( jewelry1 b ! /one mu/ be ins]t$ 9 ! fle%1 & ?us become1 s to speak1 a "p ( its own]'s body4 ,^? :o 9 ?is way be> ab\t ) !m a ruby1 confid5tly believe t !y _c be w\nd$ by spe>1 sword1 or gun4#adg ,z x is (t5 rem>k$ t ! mo/ d>+ & reckless soldi]s pass unsca!d ?r\gh all ! p]ils ( w>1 we c und]/& t ?is sup]/ition may sometimes appe> to be v]ifi$4 ,sapphire ,! sapphire is not$ z a regal gem by ,damig]on1 :o ass]ts t k+s wore x ab\t _! necks z a p[]ful def5ce f h>m4 ,! /one pres]v$ ! we>] f envy & attract$ div9e favor4#adh ,= royal use1 sapphires 7 set 9 bracelets & necklaces1 & ! sacr$ "* ( ! /one 0 atte/$ by ! tradition t ! ,law giv5 to ,moses on ! ,m\nt 0 engrav$ on tablets ( sapphire4#adi ,:ile we %\ld probably translate "h 8lapis-lazuli0 in/ead ( 8sapphire10 all su* passages 7 lat] und]/ood z ref]r+ to ! true sapphire1 :i* is n f\nd 9 pieces ( ! requisite size4 ,9 ! twelf? c5tury1 ! ,bi%op ( ,r5nes lavi%es encomiums ^u ?is beautiful /one4 ,x is q natural t ?is writ] %\ld lay especial /ress ^u ! use ( ! sapphire = ! adornm5t ( r+s1 = x 0 9 8 "t t x 0 beg9n+ to be reg>d$ z ! /one mo/ appropriate = ecclesia/ical r+s4 ,! sapphire 0 l ! pure sky1 & mighty ,nature _h end[$ x ) s great a p[] t x might be call$ sacr$ & ! gem ( gems4 ,fraud 0 bani%$ f its pres5ce & necromanc]s honor$ x m ?an any o!r /one1 = x enabl$ !m to he> & to und]/& ! obscure/ oracles4#aej ,illu/ration3 ,,sapphire ,,r+ ,,) ,,encircl+ ,,diamonds4 ,pres5t$ to ,john ,c>d9al ,f>ley on ! occasion ( 8 elevation to ! c>d9alate4 ,! traditional virtue ( ! sapphire z an antidote aga9/ poison is not$ by ,b>tolomu ,anglicus1 :o claims to h se5 a te/ ( its p[]1 some:at simil> to t record$ by ,ahm$ ,teifa%i ( ! em]ald4 ,9 ,john ( ,trevisa's v]sion ?is passage reads z foll[s3#aea ,8 v]tue is contr>y to v5ym1 & qu5*e? x e deale4 ,& yf y put an att]coppe#aeb 9 a boxe & hold a v saphyre ( ,inde at ! m\? ( ! boxe ony :yle1 by v]tue !re( ! att]coppe is ov]come dye? z x 7 sod5ly1 z ,dyasc4 say? pseudo ,dioscorides4 ,& ?is same ,i h assay$ (t 9 _m & dyv]s places4 ,8 v]tue kepe? & savy? ! syght1 cle>y? ey5 ( fyl! wy?\t ony greyf4 ,voic+ ! g5]al belief t ! sapphire 0 end[$ ) p[] to influ5ce spirits1 ,b>tolomu says t ?is /one 0 a great favorite ) ^? :o practis$ necromancy1 & he adds3 8,also wyt*es love well ?is /one1 = !y w5e t !y may w]ke c]t5 wondres by v]tue ( ?is /one40#aec ,!re 0 9 ! ,s\? ,k5s+ton ,museum1 9 ,london1 a spl5did sapphire ( a peculi> t9t4 ,9 ! daylight x %[s a beautiful ri* blue color1 :ile by artificial light x has a violet hue & resembles an ame?y/4 ,9 ! eighte5? c5tury ?is /one 0 9 ! collection ( ,c\nt de ,walicki1 a ,poli% nobleman1 & ,mme4 de ,g5lis us$ x z ! !me ( "o ( h] /ories1 entitl$ 8,le ,saphire ,m]veilleux40 ,"h ! sapphire is us$ z a te/ ( female virtue1 ! *ange ( color indicat+ unfai?fulness on ! "p ( ! we>]4 ,if ! own] ( ! /one wi%$ to prove t ! subject ( ! te/ 0 innoc5t1 %e 0 made to we> ! sapphire = ?ree h\rs ( daylight2 b 9 ! opposite case ! te/ 0 s tim$ t x began 9 daylight & end$ :5 ! c&les or lamps _h be5 light$4 ,?is sapphire1 /ill kn[n z ! 8,saphire ,m]veilleux10 0 = a "t 9 ! collection ( ! ,duke ( ,orleans1 :o bore ! "n ( ,philippe ,egalit dur+ ! ,fr5* ,revolution4 ,! /> sapphire is t v>iety ( sapphire 9 :i*1 :5 ! /one is cut & r\nd$ (f horizontal ) ! dome ( ! cry/al1 ! light is cond5s$ across ! ?ree l9es ( cry/all9e int]f]5ce4 ,?ree cross l9es produce a /> :i* moves z a s\rce ( light1 or z x is mov$ f ! s\rce ( light4 ,/> sapphires v r>ely possess ! deep blue color ( ! f9e blue sapphire2 g5]ally ! color is some:at impure1 or ( a milky-blue1 or else a blue-gray1 or sometimes almo/ a pure :ite4 ,! blue-gray1 gray1 & :ite /ones frequ5tly %[ a mu* m di/9ct />1 possibly f ! fact t !re are m inclusions betwe5 ! lay]s ( ! cry/als ?an ) ! d>k] blue /ones1 z x is ! set ( int]f]5ce b&s t produces ! peculi> light4 ,j z ! eye agate 0 us$ 9 "s c\ntries to pres]ve aga9/ ! ,evil ,eye1 s ! mov+ /> is believ$ by ! ,c+alese to s]ve z a protection & a gu>d aga9/ wit*craft ( all k9ds4 ,! great ,ori5tal travell]1 ,sir ,ri*>d ,francis ,burton1 _h a l>ge /> sapphire or a/]ia1 z x 0 call$4 ,he ref]r$ to x z 8 talisman1 = x always br\ght him good horses & prompt att5tion :]ev] he w5t2 9 fact1 x 0 only 9 ^? places :]e he receiv$ prop] att5tion t he w\ld %[ x to ! natives1 a favor !y greatly appreciat$1 because ! sight ( ! /one 0 believ$ to br+ good luck4 ,! fame ( ,burton's a/]ia travell$ ahead ( him1 & x s]v$ him well z a guid+-/>4 ,de ,boot1 writ+ 9 ! sev5te5? c5tury1 /ates t su* a /one 0 call$ ,sieg/e9 7victory-/one7 among ! ,g]mans4 ,illu/ration3 ,rubellite f ! ,%an ,m\nta9s1 ,*9a4 ,us$ z an idol's eye 9 ,india ,/> ( ,india--,/> ,sapphire ,engrav$ ,em]ald--,ea/ ,indian ,c>v+--#ag? ,c5tury ,,gems ,,f ,,! ,,morgan-,,tiffany ,,collection4 ,! rem>kable a/]ia1 kn[n z ! 8,/> ( ,india10 9 ! ,morgan-,tiffany ,collection 9 ! ,am]ican ,museum ( ,natural ,hi/ory1 has a m or less indef9ite hi/oric record ( "s ?ree c5turies1 b aft] its _m w&]+s x has n[ f\nd a wor?y re/+-place 9 ! great ,museum4 ,its weight is #edc c>ats4#aed ,! a/]ia1 or /> sapphire1 might be call$ a 8,/one ( ,de/9y10 z ! ?ree cross-b>s :i* trav]se x are believ$ to repres5t ,fai?1 ,hope1 & ,de/9y4 ,z ! /one is mov$1 or ! light *anges1 a liv+ /> appe>s4 ,z a guid+ gem1 w>d+ (f ill om5 & ! ,evil ,eye1 ! />-sapphire is worn = ! same reasons z 7 ! oculus mundi & ! oculus ,beli4 ,"o ( ! mo/ unique ( talismanic /ones1 x is said to be s pot5t t x cont9ues to ex]cise its good influ5ce ov] ! fir/ we>] ev5 :5 x has pass$ into o!r h&s4 ,s>d ,! s>d 0 reg>d$ z a protection aga9/ incantations & sorc]y1 & 0 believ$ to %>p5 ! wits ( ! we>]1 r5d]+ him fe>less1 victori\s1 & happy4#aee ,! r$ hue ( ?is /one 0 suppos$ to neutralize ! malign influ5ce ( ! d>k onyx1 driv+ away ! bad dreams caus$ by ! latt] & dispell+ ! melan*oly ?\ghts x inspir$4 ,s]p5t9e ,! ,italian peasants ( to-day believe t pebbles ( gre5 s]p5t9e af=d protection f ! bites ( v5om\s creatures4 ,^! /ones are usually gre5 ) /reaks or ve9s ( :ite1 & ! "n 0 d]iv$ f _! fanci$ resemblance to a s]p5t's sk94 ,9 addition to _! prophylactic p[]s1 if any "o has be5 bitt5 by su* a creature1 ! /one1 :5 appli$ to ! w\nd1 is suppos$ to draw out ! poison4 ,"h1 z 9 ! case ( coral1 ! h& ( man mu/ n h %ap$ ! amulet2 x %\ld be 9 its natural /ate4 ,z a g5]al rule1 h[ev]1 ! belief t ! t\* ( any iron in/rum5t1 su* z ! tool ( ! gem-cutt]1 de/roys ! magic efficacy ( ! sub/ance1 is less firmly held 9 reg>d to /ones ?an 9 ref]5ce to coral4#aef ,topaz ,see ,*rysolite4 ,turquoise ,:ile !re 0 a t5d5cy to attribute ! virtues orig9ally ascrib$ to "o p>ticul> /one to o!rs ( ! same or simil> color & appe>ance1 c]ta9 /ones 7 reg>d$ z possess+ special virtues n commonly attribut$ to o!rs4 ,a notable in/ance ( ?is is ! quality suppos$ to inh]e 9 ! turquoise4 ,?is /one 0 kn[n 9 ,egypt f a v e>ly p]iod & is lat] describ$ by ,pl9y "u ! "n ( callais4 ,= ,pl9y1 & = all ^? :o d]iv$ _! in=mation f him or f ! s\rces he us$1 ! turquoise only p>ticipat$ 9 ! virtues assign$ to all blue or gre5i%-blue /ones2 b f ! ?irte5? c5tury1 :5 ! "n turquoise 0 fir/ employ$1 we read t ! /one possess$ ! p[] to protect ! we>] f injury by fall+1 m especially f horseback2 lat]1 ?is 0 ext5d$ to cov] falls f a build+ or ov] a precipice4 ,a f\rte5? c5tury au?ority1 ! 8,lapidaire0 ( ,sir ,john ,m&eville1 /ates t ! turquoise protect$ horses f ! ill-effects result+ f dr9k+ cold wat] :5 ov]heat$ by ex]tion1 & x is said t ! ,turks (t5 atta*$ ^! /ones to ! bridles & frontlets ( _! horses z amulets4 ,!y are also s us$ 9 ,sam>c& & ,p]sia4 ,we might !re=e be ju/ifi$ 9 suppos+ t ! turquoise 0 orig9ally us$ 9 ! ,ea/ z a 8horse-amulet10 & ! belief 9 its p[] to protect f falls may h aris5 f ! idea t x r5d]$ ! horse m sure-foot$ & endur+4 ,z ! horse 0 (t5 reg>d$ z a symbol ( ! sun 9 its rapid c\rse ?r\gh ! blue heav5s1 ! cele/ial hue ( ! turquoise may h caus$ x to be associat$ 9 "s way ) ! horse4 ,we c only haz>d ?is z a plausible conjecture4 ,probably ! e>lie/ notice ( ! peculi> sup]/ition 9 reg>d to ! turquoise--namely1 t x pres]ves ! we>] f injury 9 case ( fall+--is conta9$ 9 ,volm>'s ?irte5? c5tury 8,/e9bu*10 :]e we read3 ,:oev] owns ! true turquoise set 9 gold w n injure any ( 8 limbs :5 he falls1 :e!r he be rid+ or walk+1 s long z he has ! /one ) him4#aeg ,anselmus de ,boot1 c\rt physician ( ,emp]or ,rudolph ,,ii1 tells a /ory ( a turquoise t1 aft] be+ ?irty ye>s 9 ! possession ( a ,spani>d1 0 (f]$ = sale ) ! re/ ( ! own]'s prop]ty4 ,e "o 0 amaz$ to f9d x _h entirely lo/ its color2 nev]!less ,de ,boot's fa!r b\ght x = a trifl+ sum4 ,on 8 return home1 h[ev]1 a%am$ to we> s mean-look+ a gem1 he gave x to 8 son1 say+1 8,son1 z ! virtues ( ! turquoise are said to exi/ only :5 ! /one has be5 giv51 ,i w try its efficacy by be/[+ x ^u !e40 ,little appreciat+ ! gift1 ! recipi5t _h 8 arms engrav$ on x z ?\gh x _h be5 only a common agate & wore x z a signet4 ,he _h sc>cely worn x a mon?1 h[ev]1 be=e x resum$ its pri/9e beauty & daily seem$ to increase 9 spl5dor4 ,c\ld we accept ?is /atem5t z true we w\ld h "h an altoge!r unique in/ance ( ! recov]y by a turquoise ( ! blue color x _h lo/4 ,n long aft]1 ! p[]s ( ,de ,boot's turquoise 7 put to ! te/4 ,z he 0 return+ to ,bohemia f ,padua1 :]e he _h j tak5 8 degree1 he 0 =c$ to trav]se a n>r[ & dang]\s road at night4 ,sudd5ly 8 horse /umbl$ & ?rew him heavily to ! gr\nd1 b1 /range to say1 nei!r horse nor rid] 0 injur$ by ! fall4 ,next morn+1 :ile wa%+ 8 h&s1 ,de ,boot rem>k$ t ab\t a qu>t] ( 8 turquoise _h brok5 away4 ,nev]!less ! /one did n lose its virtue4 ,"s "t aft]w>d1 :5 ! we>] 0 lift+ a v heavy pole1 he felt all at once a %>p pa9 9 8 side & he>d 8 ribs crack1 s t he fe>$ he _h injur$ himself s]i\sly4 ,h[ev]1 x turn$ out t he _h n brok5 any bones b _h simply /ra9$ himself2 b1 on look+ at 8 turquoise1 he saw t x _h aga9 brok5 into two pieces4#aeh ,illu/ration3 ,,turquoise ,,necklace1 ,,?ibet4 ,field ,museum1 ,*icago4 ,a s+ul> virtue ascrib$ to ! turquoise 0 t ( /rik+ ! h\r correctly1 if ! /one 7 susp5d$ f a ?read held betwe5 ! ?umb & index-f+] 9 su* a way t a slight vibration w\ld make ! /one /rike aga9/ ! side ( a glass4 ,de ,boot /ates t he made ! exp]im5t successfully1 b he v s5sibly expla9s ! app>5t wond] by ! unconsci\s effect ( ! m9d on ! body4 ,! expectation t ! /one 0 go+ to /rike a c]ta9 numb] ( times induc$ an involunt>y movem5t ( ! h&4#aei ,! turquoise seems to h be5 worn almo/ exclusively by m5 at ! beg9n+ ( ! sev5te5? c5tury1 = ,de ,boot1 writ+ 9 #afji1 said t x 0 s highly reg>d$ by m5 t no man consid]$ 8 h& to be well adorn$ unless he wore a f9e turquoise4 ,wom51 h[ev]1 r>ely wore ?is gem4#afj ,?is cu/om 0 mu* 9 vogue among ! ,engli%m5 :o travell$ 9 ! ,ori5t1 until a score ( ye>s ago4 ,! ,p]sians fully appreciate ! beauty & p[] ( ?is1 _! national /one1 & !y h a say+ t to escape evil & atta9 good =tune "o mu/ see ! reflection ( ! new moon ei!r on ! face ( a fri5d1 on a copy ( ! ,koran1 or on a turquoise1#afa ?us rank+ ?is /one ) two mo/ preci\s ?+s1 a fri5d & ! s\rce & w>rant ( religion4 ,possibly we %\ld take ?is prov]bial say+ to indicate t :oev] has a true fri5d1 a copy ( ! sacr$ volume or a turquoise w be pres]v$ f h>m4 ,! turquoise ( ! ,los ,c]illos m9es 9 ,new ,mexico is rudely extract$ by build+ l>ge fires at ! base ( ! rock until x becomes heat$1 :5 cold wat] is da%$ ov] x1 ! %>p *ange ( temp]ature splitt+ up ! rock4 ,"s ( ! fragm5t>y mat]ial ?us secur$ is work$ up 9 ! region into he>t-%ap$ ornam5ts1 or amulets1 locally call$ malacates4 ,! religi\s v5]ation ) :i* _m ( ! ,new ,mexico ,indians /ill reg>d ! turquoise 0 not$ by ,major ,hyde1 :5 he explor$ ! region 9 #ahhj1 = "s ,pueblo ,indians f ,santo ,dom+o1 ,new ,mexico1 express$ /rong disapproval ( 8 action 9 extract+ turquoise f ! old m9e1 z !y look$ ^u ?is z a sacr$ /one :i* %\ld n pass into ! possession ( ^? ^: ,savi\r 0 n a ,montezuma4#afb ,! ru9s call$ ,los ,mu]tos1 situat$ n9e miles f ,tempe1 ,arizona1 h furni%$ a peculi>ly int]e/+ amulet or feti% ( ,zui workman%ip4 ,?is is a sea%ell :i* has be5 coat$ ) black pit*1 9 :i* are encru/$ turquoises & g>nets s dispos$ 9 mosaic z to repres5t cle>ly en\gh ! figure ( a toad1 ! sacr$ emblem ( ! ,zuis4#afc ,! sacr$ "* ) :i* ?is /one 0 inve/$ is %[n by ! weal? ( turquoise ornam5ts f\nd 9 "s ( ! burials1 notably 9 ^? ( ,pueblo ,bonito1 une>!d by ,mr4 ,george ,h4 ,pepp] 9 #ahif4afd ,?is is "o ( ! ,*aco ,caon gr\ps ( ru9s1 9 ! nor?we/]n "p ( ,new ,mexico4 ,9 "o case ne>ly n9e ?\s& beads & p5dants ( turquoise 7 f\nd on or ab\t a s+le skeleton4 ,!re 0 abundant evid5ce 9 ! special c>e be/[$ ^u ! burial t ! deceas$ mu/ h be5 a man ( high rank1 & ! condition ( ! skull pla9ly indicat$ t he _h met a viol5t dea?4 ,! #aihj beads f\nd on ! brea/ ( ! skeleton are believ$ to h be5 /rung z a necklace1 & ! position ( o!r masses ( ^! beads r5d]s x probable t !y _h be5 us$ = bracelets or anklets1 ! /r+s hav+ decay$ & disappe>$ 9 ! c\rse ( "t4 ,! mo/ int]e/+ ( ! turquoise objects are1 h[ev]1 ! p5dants work$ into v>i\s =ms design$ to favor ! entrance ( "s gu>dian _s into ! /one4 ,9 ?is s+le burial 7 f\nd p5dants %ap$ m or less r\ghly into ! =ms ( a rabbit1 a bird1 an insect 7871 a human foot & a %oe4 ,ar\nd ano!r burial 9 ! same *amb] 7 /rewn ne>ly six ?\s& turquoise beads & p5dants4#afe ,9 all #bd1icb beads 7 f\nd 9 ^! burials4 ,ano!r v int]e/+ object f ,pueblo ,bonito1 & "o hav+ probably a special c]emonial use & value1 is a turquoise basket1--t is to say1 a cyl9drical basket ?ree in*es 9 diamet] & six in*es long1 orig9ally made ( sl5d] spl9ts ) a coat+ ( gum 9 :i* #abad small pieces ( turquoise h be5 set4 ,^! are v closely set & =m a complete mosaic cov]+ = ! object4 ,! leg5ds ( ! ,navahos conta9 allusions to 8turquoise jewel baskets10 & ,mr4 ,pepp] raises ! "q :e!r or no ?is c ref] to ^? made by ! ,pueblo ,indians4#aff ,! ,apa*e "n = ! turquoise is duklij1 :i* signifies ei!r a gre5 or a blue /one1 no di/9ction be+ made betwe5 ! two colors4 ,?is /one is highly priz$ = its talismanic virtues4 ,inde$ ! possession ( a turquoise 0 indisp5sable = a m$ic9e-man1 z )\t x he w\ld n receive prop] recognition4 ,t "s ( ! p[]s ( ! ?und]-/one 7 ascrib$ to ! turquoise by ! tribes appe>s f ! fancy t a man :o c\ld g to ! end ( a ra9b[ aft] a /orm & se>* 9 ! damp e>? w\ld f9d a turquoise4 ,"o ( its suppos$ p[]s 0 to aid ! w>rior or hunt] by assur+ ! accuracy ( 8 aim1 = if a turquoise 7 affix$ to a gun or b[ ! %ot sp$ f ! weapon w\ld g /raight to ! m>k4#afg ,a lady prom95t 9 ! ,london _w is said to possess ! p[] ( re/or+ to _! pri/9e hue turquoises t h gr[n pale4 ,accord+ to report1 ?is lady is (t5 call$ ^u to use h] peculi> gift by fri5ds ^: turquoises h fad$4#afh ,:ile ! improvem5t suppos$ to be not$ may be m imag9>y ?an real 9 _m cases1 !re is little d\bt t ?is /one is exceptionally s5sitive to ! action ( c]ta9 emanations1 & may1 at times1 be influ5c$ by ! we>]'s g5]al /ate ( heal?4 ,! writ] believes t a turquoise1 l an egg1 c nev] be re/or$ to its orig9al /ate4 ,,iv ,on ! ,use ( ,engrav$ & ,c>v$ ,gems z ,talismans ,! virtue believ$ to be inh]5t 9 preci\s /ones 0 ?\ght to ga9 an add$ pot5cy :5 ! /one 0 engrav$ ) "s symbol or figure possess+ a special sacr$ness1 or d5ot+ & typify+ a special quality4 ,?is presupposes a consid]able developm5t ( civilization1 s9ce ! art ( engrav+ on preci\s /ones (f]s _m me*anical difficulties & ?us requires a high degree ( arti/ic & me*anical skill4 ,x is true t ! e>lie/ engrav$ /ones1 ! ,babylonian cyl9d]s & ! ,egyptian sc>abs1 7 bo? design$ to s]ve an em95tly practical purpose z well1 namely1 t ( seals2 b 9 a great numb] ( in/ances ^! primitive seals 7 look$ ^u z end[$ ) talismanic p[]1 & 7 worn on ! p]son z talismans4 ,! sc>ab1 s highly favor$ by ! ,egyptians z an ornam5tal =m1 is a repres5tation ( ! sc>abu sac]1 ! typical g5us ( ! family ,sc>abid4 ,!y are usually black1 b occasionally %[ a f9e play ( metallic colors4 ,aft] ga!r+ up a clump ( dung = ! reception ( ! eggs1 ! insect rolls ?is along1 us+ ! h9d legs to propel x1 until ! mat]ial1 at fir/ s(t & ( irregul> =m1 becomes h>d5$ & almo/ p]fectly r\nd4 ,a curi\s symbolism induc$ ! ,egyptians to f9d 9 ?is beetle an emblem ( ! _w ( fa!rhood & ( man4 ,! r\nd ball :]e9 ! eggs 7 deposit$ typifi$ ! _w1 &1 z ! ,egyptians ?\ght t ! sc>abi 7 all males1 !y especially signifi$ ! male pr9ciple 9 g5]ation1 becom+ types ( fa!rhood & man4 ,at ! same "t1 z only full-gr[n beetles 7 obs]v$1 x 0 believ$ ^! creatures repres5t$ a reg5]ation or re9c>nation1 s9ce x 0 n realiz$ t ! eggs or l>val & pupa /ages _h any?+ to d ) ! g5]ation ( ! beetle4 ,?us ! sc>ab 0 us$ z a symbol ( immortality4 ,:ile1 h[ev]1 ?is 0 ! popul> view1 x seems unlikely t su* close obs]v]s z 7 ! m cultur$ ,egyptians %\ld h be5 entirely unfamili> ) ! real g5esis ( ! ,sc>abu sac]2 b1 9 ?is case also1 !re w\ld h be5 no difficulty 9 f9d+ x emblematic ( immortality 9 ! v>i\s /ages ?r\gh :i* x pass$4 ,! l>val /age might well signify ! mortal life2 ! pupa /age1 ! int]m$iate p]iod repres5t$ by ! mummy1 ) :i* ! s\l 0 conceiv$ to be vaguely connect$1 9 spite ( its w&]+s ?r\gh ! ne!r-_w2 &1 la/ly1 ! fully develop$ beetle c\ld be reg>d$ z a type ( ! rebir? into ev]la/+ life1 :5 ! purifi$ & p]fect$ s\l aga9 animat$ ! orig9al & transfigur$ =m 9 a my/]i\s resurrection4 ,sc>abs are frequ5tly engrav$ ) ! hi]oglyph 7an*1 8life07 & hi]oglyph 7ha1 8increase ( p[]074 ,! emblem ( /ability hi]oglyph 7tet7 is also employ$1 z well z _m o!rs4 ,9 addition to ^! simple symbols1 _m sc>abs be> leg5ds suppos$ to r5d] !m exceptionally luck-br++4 ,! foll[+ are *>act]i/ic specim5s4#afi #c hi]oglyphs maat ankh neb1 8,"l ( ,tru? & ,life40 #d hi]oglyphs 8ab\nd+ 9 graces0 7v deeply cut z a seal74 8,may ?y "n be e/abli%$2 may/ ?\ h a son40 #b hi]oglyphs 7)9 ornam5tal bord]71 8good /ability40 #c hi]oglyphs ikht neb nef]1 8,all good ?+s40 7,inlaid74 8,a good day0 7a holiday74 8,a "m is a truly good ?+0 or 8,tru? is a good ,"m40 ,! sc>ab1 = ! ,egyptians a type ( ! ris+ sun & h5ce ( ! r5ewal ( life aft] dea?1 0 copi$ by ! ,phnicians f ! ,egyptian types & modifi$ 9 v>i\s ways to suit ! religi\s fancies ( ! v>i\s l&s to :i* !y bore ! products ( _! art4 ,mu* ( ! orig9al significance ( ?is symbol mu/ h be5 lo/2 probably 9 _m cases little 0 left b a vague idea t an amulet ( ?is =m w\ld br+ good luck to ! we>] & gu>d f h>m4 ,fun]al sc>abs 7 (t5 made ( jasp]1 ame?y/1 lapis-lazuli1 ruby1 or c>nelian1 ) ! names ( gods1 k+s1 prie/s1 (ficials1 or private p]sons engrav$ on ! base2 occasionally monograms or floral devices 7 engrav$4 ,sometimes ! base ( ! sc>ab 0 he>t-%ap$ & at o!rs ! sc>ab 0 comb9$ ) ! 8utat10 or eye ( ,horus1 & also ) ! frog1 typify+ revivification4 ,set 9 r+s !y 7 plac$ on ! f+]s ( ! dead1 or else1 wrapp$ 9 l95 b&ages1 !y re/$ on ! he>t ( ! deceas$1 a type ( ! sun :i* rose ea* day to r5ew$ life4 ,!y 7 symbols ( ! resurrection ( ! body4#agj ,"s ( ! ,egyptian sc>abs 7 evid5tly us$ z talismanic gifts f "o fri5d to ano!r4 ,two su* sc>abs are 9 ! collection ( ! ,metropolitan ,museum ( ,art 9 ,new ,york4 ,"o be>s ! inscription 8,may ,ra grant y a happy ,new ,ye>10 ! text ( ! o!r read+ z foll[s3 8,may y\r "n be e/abli%$1 may y h a son10 & 8,may y\r h\se fl\ri% e day40 ,x is a curi\s fact t ! mod]n greet+ 8,happy ,new ,ye>0 0 curr5t 9 ,egypt probably ?ree ?\s& ye>s ago4#aga ,on ! ,egyptian inscrib$ sc>abs us$ z signets 7 engrav$ _m ( ! symbols to :i* a talismanic virtue 0 attribut$4 ,! uru s]p5t1 signify+ dea?1 is sometimes associat$ ) ! knot1 ! s-call$ ankh symbol1 d5ot+ life4 ,(t5 ! hi]oglyph = nub1 gold1 appe>s2 ?is symbol is a necklace ) p5dant beads1 %[+ t gold beads mu/ h be5 kn[n 9 ,egypt 9 ! e>ly days :5 ! hi]oglyph = gold 0 fir/ us$4 ,all ^! symbolic figures1 ( :i* a great numb] occur1 s]v$ to imp>t to ! signet a sacr$ & auspici\s quality :i* communicat$ itself to ! we>]1 & ev5 to ! impression made by ! seal1 ?is 9 its turn acquir+ a c]ta9 magic =ce4 ,few ( u w\ld be will+ to confess to a belief 9 ! innate p[] ( any symbol1 b ! sugge/ive p[] ( a symbol is z real to-day z x ev] 04 ,any object t evokes a high ?\ght or s]ves to emphasize a pr(\nd conviction really possesses a k9d ( magical quality1 s9ce x is capable ( caus+ an effect out ( all proportion to its intr9sic wor? or its mat]ial quality4 ,_m sc>abs & signets exi/ made ( ! artificial cyanus1 :i* 0 an imitation lapis-lazuli made 9 ,egypt4 ,?is 0 an alkal9e silicate1 color$ a deep blue ) c>bonate ( copp]4 ,(t5 a wond]ful transluc5t or opaque blue glass 0 us$4 ,! g5u9e lapis-lazuli 0 also us$ to a consid]able ext5t = sc>abs & cyl9d]s1 9 ,egypt & ,assyria1 & gems 7 also cut f x 9 imp]ial ,roman times4#agb ,a notable in/ance ( ! use ( lapis-lazuli 9 anci5t ,egypt 0 z ! mat]ial = ! image ( ,tru? 7,ma71 :i* ! ,egyptian *ief-ju/ice wore on 8 neck1 susp5d$ f a gold5 *a94#agc ,9 ,roman times "s ( ! legion>ies are said to h worn r+s set ) sc>abs1 = ! reason t ?is figure 0 believ$ to imp>t great c\rage & vigor to ! we>]4#agd ,! ,egyptian amulets ( ! e>lie/ p]iod1 up to ! ,,xii dyna/y 7circa #bjjj ,b4,c471 diff] consid]ably f ^? made & worn aft] ! beg9n+ ( ! ,,xviii dyna/y 7#aehj ,b4,c474 ,^? ( ! e>li] p]iod are n num]\s & pres5t b a small numb] ( types1 animal =ms or ! heads ( animals con/itut+ ! mo/ favor$ models4 ,! preci\s /one mat]ials are pr9cipally c>nelian1 b]yl1 & ame?y/4 ,aft] ! close ( ! s-call$ ,hyksos p]iod1 ! age dur+ :i* =eign k+s rul$ ov] ,egypt1 came ! brilliant revival & developm5t ( ,egyptian civilization t *>act]iz$ ! ,,xviii dyna/y4 ,"s ( ! old =ms 7 entirely ca/ aside :ile o!rs 7 greatly modifi$ 9 =m & significance1 ! animal =ms los+ mu* ( _! feti*i/ic quality & com+ to be m & m reg>d$ z images ( ! multif>i\s div9ities wor%ipp$ 9 ?is lat] p]iod4 ,9 _m cases ! animal type 0 entirely or p>tially disc>d$ & ! amulets figur$ ! conv5tional types giv5 to ! v>i\s div9ities4 ,h[ev]1 :ile "s ( ^! images 7 :olly human1 _m ( !m %[ a human body ) an animal head4 ,v>i\s symbolic designs 7 also favor$1 "o believ$ to signify ! blood ( ,isis hav+ ! =m ( a knot or tie4 ,a frog fa%ion$ out ( lapis-lazuli & hav+ eyes ( gold is "o ( ^! amulets ( ! ,,xviii dyna/y or lat]4 ,an int]e/+ ,egyptian talisman 9 ! ,l\vre is engrav$ ) a design repres5t+ ,?o?mes ,,ii seiz+ a lion by ! tail & rais+ ! animal al(t2 at ! same "t he br&i%es 9 ! o!r h& a club1 ) :i* he is ab\t to da% out ! lion's bra9s4 ,! ,egyptian ^w qu51 8/r5g?10 is engrav$ b5ea? ! design & indicates t ! virtue ( ! talisman 0 to increase ! /r5g? & c\rage ( ! we>]1 ! inscription be+ a k9d ( p]petual invocation to ! high] p[]s ^: aid 0 s\ght4#age ,! *ildr5 ( ,israel1 :5 9 ! des]t1 7 said to h engrav$ figures on c>nelian1 8j z seals are engrav$40#agf ,?is /atem5t1 repeat$ by _m e>ly writ]s1 may p]haps h aris5 f an id5tification ( c>nelian ) ! fir/ /one ( ! brea/plate1 ! odem1 unque/ionably a r$ /one1 & v possibly c>nelian4 ,!re c be no d\bt t ?is 0 "o ( ! fir/ /ones us$ = ornam5tal purposes & = engrav+1 z a numb] ( specim5s h be5 pres]v$ f e>ly ,egyptian times4 ,because ( ! cool+ & calm+ effect ex]cis$ by c>nelian ^u ! blood1 if worn on ! neck or on ! f+]1 x 0 believ$ to /ill all angry passions4#agg ,a class ( amulets ev5 old] ?an ! ,egyptian sc>abs is repres5t$ by ! engrav$ ,assyrio-,babylonian cyl9d]s4 ,!re has be5 mu* discussion among s*ol>s z to ! orig9al purpose = :i* ^! cyl9d]s 7 made1 "s hold+ t !y 7 exclusively employ$ z seals or signets1 :ile o!rs incl9e to ! belief t _m ( !m 7 int5d$ only = use z amulets or talismans4 ,^! cyl9d]s are p]=at$ & 7 worn susp5d$ f ! neck or wri/1 z is mo/ frequ5tly ! case ) talismans1 & ! engrav$ designs (t5 repres5t religi\s or my?ological subjects1 ! accompany+ inscription m]ely consi/+ ( ! names ( ! gods4 ,cyl9d]s ( ?is type c\ld n h be5 us$ z p]sonal signets1 & x is q possible t ,dr4 ,wi$emann is "r 9 suppos+ t _! impr9t on a docum5t 0 consid]$ to imp>t a c]ta9 my/ic sanction to ! agreem5t1 & r5d] ! div9ities or spirits acc\ntable = ! fulfilm5t ( ! contract4#agh ,! olde/ kn[n =m ( seal is ! cyl9d]4 ,babylonian & ,assyrian cyl9d]-seals are kn[n ( a date z e>ly z #djjj ,b4,c4 ,f ! e>lie/ p]iod until #bejj ,b4,c4 !y 7 made ( black or gre5 s]p5t9e1 conglom]ate1 diorite1 & frequ5tly ( ! c5tral core ( a l>ge con* %ell f ! ,p]sian ,gulf4 ,f #bejj ,b4,c4 to #ejj ,b4,c4 ! cyl9drical =m 0 preval5t1 & ! mat]ials include a brick-r$ f]rug9\s qu>tz1 r$ hematite 7an iron ore71 & *alc$ony1 a beautiful v>iety ( ! la/-nam$ /one kn[n z sapphir9e be+ sometimes us$4 ,on ! cyl9d]s produc$ f #djjj ,b4,c4 to #bejj ,b4,c4 ! designs mo/ frequ5tly repres5t animal =ms2 on ^? dat+ f #bejj ,b4,c4 to #ejj ,b4,c4 are g5]ally inscrib$ five or six r[s ( cunei=m *>act]s4 ,up to ! la/-nam$ date ! "w 0 all done by ! sapphire po9t1 & n by ! :eel1 & x is n until ! fif? c5tury ,b4,c4 t :eel "w is app>5t 9 any ,babylonian or ,assyrian /one-engrav+4 ,9 ! c\rse ( ! six? c5tury ,b4,c4 ! cyl9drical seals became less frequ5t1 & ! tall cone-l seals came into use4#agi ,a new type makes its appe>ance ab\t ! fif? or six? c5tury ,b4,c41 namely1 ! sc>aboid seal introduc$ f ,egypt4 ,f ! ?ird c5tury ,b4,c4 until ! second or ?ird c5tury ,a4,d41 ! seals became l[] & flatt]1 & ! p]=ation l>g]1 until !y sometimes assum$ ! =m ( r+s2 lat] ! r+ =m becomes g5]al4 ,!y are usually holl[$ a little 9 ! middle1 :i* gives !m ! %ape & size ( ! l[] %ort jo9ts ( a re$2 inde$1 x has be5 sugge/$ t ! orig9al seal 0 rudely patt]n$ aft] a re$ jo9t4 ,! mat]ials us$ = ^! cyl9d]s include lapis-lazuli1 v freely us$ & probably f ! ,p]sian m9es1 jasp]1 rock-cry/als1 *alc$ony1 c>nelian1 agate1 jade1 etc42 a h>d1 black v>iety ( s]p5t9e is p]haps ! mo/ common ( all ! mat]ials us$ = ?is purpose4#ahj ,illu/ration3 ,,pho5ician ,,sc>ab1 ,,) ,,engrav$ ,,scorpion4 7,see page #aae47 ,illu/ration3 ,,anci5t ,,babylonian ,,cyl9d] ,,impression1 ,,be>+ ,,figures ,,( ,,! ,,god ,,nebo ,,& ,a ,,wor%ipp]1 ,,& ,,symbols ,,( ,,sun ,,& ,,moon4 ,f ,fis*] & ,wi$emann 8,ueb] ,babylonis*e ,talismane10 ,/uttg>t1 #ahha1 ,pl4 #a1 fig4 #c4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,small ,,jade ,,celt ,,engrav$ ,,) ,,gno/ic ,,inscriptions ,,9 ,,! ,,f\r? ,,c5tury4 ,on "o side are sev5 l9es ( *>act]s1 pr9cipally consi/+ ( ! sev5 ,greek v[els us$ to d5ote ! ,ineffable ,"n4 ,on ! rev]se is cut a laurel bran* ) #ah leaves1 enclos$ )9 ea* ( :i* are *>act]s express+ ! "n ( "o ( ! p]sonifications ( ,gno/ic !osophy4 ,br\ght f ,egypt & deposit$ by its possessor1 ,g5]al ,lefroy1 9 ! ,rotunda at ,woolwi*4 ,n[ 9 ! ,egyptian ,dep>tm5t ( ! ,briti% ,museum4 7,see page #abi47 ,a good example ( ^! talismanic cyl9d]s %[s ! figure ( ! god ,nebo1 seat$ on a ?rone & hold+ a r+ 9 8 left h&4 ,be=e him are two alt>s1 ov] :i* appe>1 respectively1 a /> & ! cresc5t moon2 9 front ( ! god is ! figure ( a man 9 an attitude ( adoration4 ,borsippa1 :]e ! cyl9d] 0 f\nd1 0 ! special seat ( ! wor%ip ( ,nebo1 ^: "n appe>s 9 ^? ( ! k+s ,nebu*adnezz>1 ,nebopalass]1 & ,nabonaid4 ,reg>d$ z ! inv5tor ( writ+ & z ! god ( le>n+1 ,nebo 0 ! "l ( ! planet ,m]cury1 & ?is %[s a close connection betwe5 ,babylonian & ,grco-,roman ideas 9 ref]5ce to ! god associat$ ) t planet4 ,nebo 0 also believ$ to be ! ord]] ( times & seasons1 & ?is "* is indicat$ by ! /> & ! cresc5t4#aha ,! ,cretan peasants ( to-day set a high value ^u c]ta9 v anci5t seals--dat+ p]haps f z e>ly z #bejj ,b4,c4--:i* !y f9d buri$ 9 ! soil4 ,^! seals are inscrib$ ) symbols suppos$ to repres5t ! prehi/oric ,cretan =m ( writ+4 ,( c\rse ^! inscriptions1 :i* h n yet be5 deciph]$ by ar*ologi/s1 are utt]ly incompreh5sible = ! peasants1 b !y und\bt$ly s]ve to r5d] ! /ones objects ( my/]y4 ,! peasants call !m galopetr1 or 8milk-/ones10 & !y are suppos$ to promote ! secretion ( milk1 z 0 ! case ) ! galactite4#ahb ,! c>eful pres]vation ( ^! s-call$ galopetr by ,cretan wom5 has s]v$ ! purpose ( ar*ological rese>*1 z o!rwise s l>ge a supply ( ^! v int]e/+ seals w\ld n n[ be available4 ,illu/ration3 #a4 ,,engrav$ ,,heliotrope4 ,head ( ,s]apis surr\nd$ by ! twelve ,zodiacal symbols4 ,f ,gori's 8,!saurus ,gemm>um ,antiqu>um ,a/rif]>um10 ,flor5ce1 #agej4 ,vol4 i1 ,pl4 ,,xvii4 ,illu/ration3 #b4 ,,engrav$ ,,r$ ,,jasp]4 ,head ( ,m$usa1 ,museum ,cl4 ,pass]ii4 ,_m engrav$ /ones ( ! ,roman imp]ial p]iod bore ! figures ( ,s]apis & ( ,isis1 ! =m] signify+ ,"t & ! latt] ,e>?4 ,on o!r /ones ! symbols ( ! zodiacal signs appe>1 ref]r+ to ! natal con/ellation ( ! we>]4 ,! a/rolog]s1 :o d]iv$ _! lore f ! ,ori5t1 7 consult$ by all classes ( ! ,roman p1 & x is !re=e v natural t ! signet1 or ! r+ worn z an amulet1 %\ld frequ5tly h be5 engrav$ ) a/rological symbols4 ,^! designs 7 usually engrav$ on onyxes1 c>nelians1 & simil> /ones1 9 ,greek & ,roman times2 b occasionally ! em]ald 0 us$ 9 ?is way1 & m r>ely ! ruby or ! sapphire4 ,"h ! co/l9ess ( ! mat]ial 0 probably ?\ght to enhance ! value ( ! amulet4 ,! em]ald r+ ( ,polycrates mu/ h possess$ "s o!r ?an a purely arti/ic value 9 8 eyes1 :5 x c\ld be reg>d$ by him z ! mo/ preci\s ( 8 possessions4 ,9 ,roman times ! image ( ,alex&] ! ,great 0 look$ ^u z possess+ magic virtues1 & x is relat$ t :5 ,cornelius ,mac] gave a spl5did banquet 9 ! temple ( ,h]cules1 ! *ief ornam5t ( ! table 0 an amb] cup1 9 ! mid/ ( :i* 0 a portrait ( ,alex&]1 & ar\nd ?is 8 :ole hi/ory figur$ 9 small1 f9ely engrav$ repres5tations4 ,f ?is cup ,mac] drank to ! heal? ( ! pontifex & !n ord]$ t x %\ld be pass$ ar\nd among ! gue/s1 s t ea* "o might gaze ^u ! image ( ! great man4 ,pollio1 relat+ ?is1 /ates t x 0 a common belief t ev]y?+ happ5$ =tunately = ^? :o bore ) !m ,alex&]'s portrait execut$ 9 gold or silv]4#ahc ,inde$1 ev5 among ,*ri/ians co9s ( ,alex&] 7 9 great favor z amulets1 & ! /]n ,john ,*ryso/om %>ply rebukes ^? :o wore bronze co9s ( ?is mon>* atta*$ to _! heads & _! feet4#ahd ,n[h]e 9 ! _w 0 ! use ( amulets s common z 9 ,alex&ria1 especially 9 ! fir/ c5turies ( our era1 & ! types produc$ "h 7 scatt]$ f> & wide ?r\gh\t ! ,roman _w4 ,amulets made f v>i\s color$ /ones _h be5 us$ = religi\s purposes 9 ,egypt f ! v e>lie/ p]iod ( its hi/ory1 s t ! cu/om 0 deeply root$ 9 t l&4 ,:51 !re=e1 ,alex&ria 0 f\nd$ 9 ! f\r? c5tury ,b4,c41 & became a great comm]cial c5tre1 attract+ m5 ( all races & all religions1 x is n surpris+ t ! population eag]ly adopt$ ! v>i\s amulets us$ by ! adh]5ts ( ! diff]5t religions4 ,! result 0 a comb9+ & confusion ( _m diff]5t types4 ,) ! rapid rise & gr[? ( ! ,*ri/ian religion1 a new elem5t 0 introduc$4 ,unque/ionably ! lead+ ,*ri/ian tea*]s 7 /rongly oppos$ to su* sup]/iti\s practices1 b ! rank & file ( ! fai?ful clung to _! old fancies4 ,9 ! second c5tury ! ,gno/ic h]esy gave a new impulse to ! fabrication ( amulets4 ,?is /range eclecticism1 result+ f an int]weav+ ( pagan & ,*ri/ian ideas1 ) its complicat$ symbolism1 mu* ( :i* is almo/ incompreh5sible1 f\nd expression 9 ! creation ( ! mo/ biz>re types ( amulets1 & ! magic virtues ( ! curi\s designs 0 enhanc$ by inscriptions purposely obscure4 ,! incompreh5sible always seems to h a my/]i\s *>m = ^? devot$ to ! magic arts1 & ! adepts will+ly cat]$ to ?is ta/e1 s t we c (t5 only guess at ! signification ( ! words & names engrav$ ^u ! ,gno/ic or ,basilidian gems4 ,s widespread 0 _! use ?r\gh\t ! ,roman ,empire1 t !re 7 factories entirely devot$ to ! production ( ^! objects4#ahe ,reg>d+ ! sacr$ "n ,abrasax1 :i* 0 inscrib$ on s _m ,gno/ic gems1 we read 9 ,/4 ,augu/9e's treatise ,de hres41 vi1 8,basilides ass]t$ t !re 7 #cfe heav5s2 x 0 = ?is reason t he reg>d$ ! "n ,abrasax z sacr$ & v5]able40 ,illu/ration3 #a4 ,gno/ic gem1 heliotrope1 ) ,abraxas god4 ,gorlaeus ,collection4 ,f ! 8,abraxas seu ,api/opi/us0 ( ,mac>ius 7,l',heureux7 ,antw]p1 #afeg1 ,pl4 ,,ii4 #b4 ,ano!r type2 ) sev5 />s4 #c4 ,gno/ic gem4 ,type ( ,abraxas god & my/ic lett]s ,i ,a ,w4 ,f ,gori's 8,!saurus ,gemm>um ,antiqu>um ,a/rif]>um10 ,flor5ce1 #agej1 vol4 i1 ,pl4 ,,clxxxix4 #d4 ,abraxas gem1 jasp]1 my/ic lett]s ,i ,a ,w4 ,f ,gorlaeus1 8,cab9et de ,pi]res ,graves10 ,p>is1 #aggh4 #e4 ,jasp] engrav$ ) ! symbol ( ! ,aga?odaemon ,s]p5t4 ,! type ( amulet not$ by ,gal5 z t us$ by ! ,egyptian k+ 8,ne*epsus0 7,ne*o #faj-eid ,b4,c474 ,orig9al at "o "t 9 ! collection ( ,johann ,s*9kel4 ,f ! 8,abraxas seu ,api/opi/us0 ( ,mac>ius 7,l',heureux7 ,antw]p1 #afeg1 ,pl4 ,,xvii4 ,see page #che4 ,accord+ to ! ,greek notation ! lett]s compris+ ?is "n give t numb]3 #a #b #ajj #a #bjj #a #fj ----- #cfe ,x is1 h[ev]1 n unlikely t ! #cfe days 9 ! sol> ye> are signifi$2 & ?is enigmatical "n might ?us be br\ght into connection ) ,mi?ra1 ! sol> div9ity1 :o 0 wor%ipp$ ?r\gh\t ! ,p]sian & ,roman empires 9 ! fir/ & second c5turies ( our era4 ,a v recondite b +5i\s explanation ( ! ,gno/ic "n ,abrasax is giv5 by ,h>du9 9 8 notes to ,pl9y's 8,natural ,hi/ory40#ahf ,he sees 9 ! fir/ ?ree lett]s ! initials ( ! ?ree ,hebrew words signify+ fa!r1 son1 & _s 7ab1 b51 ruah71 ! ,triune ,god2 ! la/ f\r lett]s are ! initials ( ! ,greek words or 8he saves m5 by ! sacr$ wood0 7! cross74 ,?is seems r f>-fet*$1 x mu/ be confess$1 & yet to any "o famili> ) ! vag>ies ( ,alex&r9e eclecticism1 & ) ! t5d5cy ( ! "t & place to make /range & unc\? comb9ations ( ,greek & ,hebrew =ms1 !re is no?+ inh]5tly improbable 9 ! explanation4 ,inde$1 ! ,hebrew & ,greek words 9 ?is composite s5t5ce might h be5 reg>d$ z typify+ ! union ( ! ,old & ,new ,te/am5ts1 & su* an acro/ic w\ld c]ta9ly h be5 look$ ^u z possess+ a my/ic & sup]natural p[]4 ,illu/ration3 ,,antique ,,jade ,,celt ,,conv]t$ ,,into ,a ,,gno/ic ,,talisman4 ,enclos$ )9 ! outl9es ( ! #ah leaves are z _m names ( ! p]sonifications ( ,gno/ic ,!osophy4 ,_m explanations h be5 (f]$ z to ! orig9 & significance ( ! *>act]i/ic figure ( ! ,abrasax god engrav$ on a numb] ( ,gno/ic amulets4 ,!re seems to be no d\bt t ?is figure 0 inv5t$ by ,basilides1 *ief ( ! ,gno/ic sect be>+ 8 "n1 & :o fl\ri%$ 9 ! e>ly "p ( ! second c5tury ,a4,d4 ,:ile ! details ( ! type z p]fect$ 7 und\bt$ly borr[$ f ! eclectic symbolism ( ! ,egyptian & we/]n ,asiatic _w x is almo/ impossible to conjecture ! reasons det]m9+ ! selection ( ?is p>ticul> =m4 ,a jasp] engrav$ ) ! fam\s ,gno/ic symbol 0 set 9 ! r+ worn by ,seffrid1 ,bi%op ( ,*i*e/] 7,a4,d4 #aaei74 ,?is r+ 0 f\nd on ! skeleton ( ! bi%op & is n[ pres]v$ 9 ! treasury ( ! ,ca!dral ( ,*i*e/]4 ,und\bt$ly ! curi\s symbolic figure 0 giv5 a p]fectly or?odox mean+1 &1 inde$1 x 0 n really a pagan symbol1 z ! ,gno/ics 7 8indiff]5t ,*ri/ians10 al?\gh _! sy/em 0 a fanciful elaboration ( ! doctr9es ( ! late ,alex&rian s*ool ( ,greek ,philosophy & an adaptation ( ?is to ! tea*+s ( ,*ri/ian tradition4 ,9 _m cases1 h[ev]1 gems ) purely pagan designs 7 worn by ,*ri/ians1 designs su* z ,isis ) ! *ild ,horus1 :i* 0 tak5 to be ! ,virg9 ,m>y ) ! infant ,jesus4 ,a curi\s amulet1 app>5tly belong+ to ! ,gno/ic v>iety1 & int5d$ to br+ success to ! own] ( a racehorse1 is n[ 9 ! collection ( ! ,metropolitan ,museum ( ,art1 9 ,new ,york4 ,! mat]ial is gre5 jasp] ) r$ spots4 ,on ! obv]se ! horse is figur$ ) ! victor's palm & ! "n ,tib]is2 on ! rev]se appe>s ! vulture-head$ figure ( ! ,abraxas god & ! *>act]s1 8,,zacta ,,iaw ,,bapia10 :i* h be5 translat$1 8,iao ! ,de/roy] & ,creator40#ahg ,possibly ?is amulet may h be5 atta*$ to ! horse dur+ 8 races to insure victory1 z we "k t amulets ( ?is k9d 7 us$ 9 ?is way4 ,z illu/rat+ ! eclectic "* ( "s ( ! amulets us$ 9 ! e>ly ,*ri/ian c5turies1 we may note "o 9 ! ,cab9et de ,mdailles1 9 ,p>is4 ,?is has ^u ! obv]se ! head ( ,alex&] ! ,great2 on ! rev]se is a %e-ass ) h] foal1 & bel[ ?is a scorpion & ! "n ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,ano!r amulet ( ?is class1 figur$ by ,vettori1#ahh also has ! head ( ,alex&] on ! obv]se1 :ile ! rev]se be>s ! ,greek monogram ( ! "n ,*ri/os4 ,aft] ! ?ird or f\r? c5tury ( our era ! art ( gem-engrav+ seems to h be5 lo/1 or at lea/ to h be5 v seldom practis$1 & x is notewor?y 9 ! matt] t aft] ?is p]iod writ]s :o treat ( ! virtues ( engrav$ gems z talismans r>ely1 if ev]1 use ! words 8if y engrave0 su* or su* a figure on a /one1 b write 8if y f9d0 su* a figure4 ,! figures engrav$ on preci\s /ones 7 suppos$ to h a great] or less] degree ( efficacy 9 !mselves indep5d5t ( ! virtues peculi> to ! /one on :i* !y 7 engrav$1 & ?is efficacy dep5d$ l>gely ^u ! h\r1 day1 or mon? dur+ :i* ! "w 0 execut$4 ,= ! influ5ce ( ! planet1 />1 or con/ellation :i* 0 9 ! asc5dant 0 ?\ght to infuse a subtle ess5ce into ! /one :ile ! appropriate image 0 be+ engrav$4 ,h[ev]1 to ex]t ! maximum p[]1 ! virtue ( ! image mu/ be ( ! same "* z ! virtue inh]5t 9 ! mat]ial1 & ! gem became less pot5t :5 ?is 0 n ! case4 ,c]ta9 images1 ^? symboliz+ ! zodiacal signs = in/ance1 7 look$ ^u z possess+ su* p[] t _! peculi> nature impress$ itself ev5 ^u /ones inh]5tly ( diff]5t quality2 o!rs aga9 7 only efficaci\s :5 engrav$ on /ones ! quality ( :i* 0 9 sympa?y ) !m4#ahi ,naturally1 _m ( ! anci5t gems :i* _h be5 pres]v$ f ,greek & ,roman times 7 recogniz$ z be+ purely products ( art1 b 9 m$ieval & lat] times ! idea ( ! magic quality ( all engrav$ gems _h become s deeply root$ t 9 _m cases a magical "* 0 ascrib$ to !m entirely =eign to ! int5tion ( ! engrav]4 ,great +5uity 0 (t5 display$ 9 seek+ & f9d+ "s analogy betwe5 ! suppos$ significance ( ! design & ! fanci$ p[] ( ! /one itself4 ,tak+ ! agate z an illu/ration1 ,camillo ,leon>do says t its _m diff]5t v>ieties _h z _m diff]5t virtues1 & he f9ds 9 ?is an explanation ( ! multiplicity ( images engrav$ on ! v>i\s k9ds ( agate1 )\t realiz+ t ! true reason 0 t ?is mat]ial l5t itself m readily to arti/ic treatm5t ?an did _m o!rs4 ,! idea t "s special design %\ld be engrav$ ^u a giv5 /one became q g5]al 9 ! e>ly c5turies ( our era4 ,! em]ald1 = in/ance1 accord+ to ,damig]on1 0 to be engrav$ ) a sc>ab1 b5ea? :i* 0 to be a /&+ figure ( ,isis4 ,! gem1 :5 complet$1 0 to be pi]c$ longitud9ally & worn 9 a broo*4 ,! =tunate own] ( ?is talisman 0 !n to adorn himself & ! memb]s ( 8 family1 &1 a consecration hav+ be5 pron\nc$1 he 0 assur$ t he w\ld see 8! glory ( ! /one grant$ x by ,god40#aij ,possibly ?is may h meant t ! /one w\ld become lum9\s4 ,a li/ ( ^! symbolic designs is said to h be5 giv5 9 ! 8,book ( ,w+s10 by ,ragiel1 "o ( ! curi\s treatises compos$ ab\t ! ?irte5? c5tury "u ! influ5ce ( ,hebrew & ,greco-,roman tradition4 ,al?\gh x owes its orig9 to ! ,hebrew 8,book ( ,raziel10 x be>s little if any lik5ess to t "w4 ,z w be se5 9 ! foll[+ items1 ! fact t ! design is on its appropriate /one is always insi/$ on3 ,illu/ration3 ,,moss ,,agate ,,mo*a ,,/ones1 ,,h9doo/an4 ,! beautiful & t]rible figure ( a dragon4 ,if ?is is f\nd on a ruby or any o!r /one ( simil> nature & virtue1 x has ! p[] to augm5t ! goods ( ?is _w & makes ! we>] joy\s & heal?y4 ,! figure ( a falcon1 if on a topaz1 helps to acquire ! goodwill ( k+s1 pr9ces1 & magnates4 ,! image ( an a/rolabe1 if on a sapphire1 has p[] to increase weal? & enables ! we>] to pr$ict ! future4 ,! well-=m$ image ( a lion1 if engrav$ on a g>net1 w protect & pres]ve honors & heal?1 cures ! we>] ( all diseases1 br+s him honors1 & gu>ds him f all p]ils 9 travell+4 ,an ass1 if repres5t$ on a *rysolite1 w give p[] to progno/icate & pr$ict ! future4 ,! figure ( a ram or ( a be>d$ man1 on a sapphire1 has ! p[] to cure & pres]ve f _m infirmities z well z to free f poison & f all demons4 ,?is is a royal image2 x conf]s dignities & honors & exalts ! we>]4 ,a frog1 engrav$ on a b]yl1 w h ! p[] to reconcile enemies & produce fri5d%ip :]e !re 0 discord4 ,a camel's head or two goats among myrtles1 if on an onyx1 has ! p[] to convoke1 assemble1 & con/ra9 demons2 if any "o we>s x1 he w see t]rible visions 9 sleep4 ,a vulture1 if on a *rysolite1 has ! p[] to con/ra9 demons & ! w9ds4 ,x controls demons & prev5ts !m f com+ toge!r 9 ! place :]e ! gem may be2 x also gu>ds aga9/ _! importunities4 ,! demons obey ! we>]4 ,a bat1 repres5t$ on a heliotrope or blood/one1 gives ! we>] p[] ov] demons & helps incantations4 ,a griff91 imag$ on a cry/al1 produces abundance ( milk4 ,a man ri*ly dress$ & ) a beautiful object 9 8 h&1 engrav$ on a c>nelian1 *ecks ! fl[ ( blood & conf]s honors4 ,a lion or an ar*]1 on a jasp]1 gives help aga9/ poison & cures f fev]4 ,a man 9 armor1 ) b[ & arr[1 on an iris /one1 protects f evil bo? ! we>] & ! place :]e x may be4 ,a man ) a sword 9 8 h&1 on a c>nelian1 pres]ves ! place :]e x may be f lightn+ & tempe/1 & gu>ds ! we>] f vices & en*antm5ts4 ,a bull engrav$ on a prase is said to give aid aga9/ evil spells & to procure ! favor ( magi/rates4 ,a hoopoo ) a t>ragon h]b be=e x1 repres5t$ on a b]yl1 conf]s ! p[] to invoke wat]-spirits & to conv]se ) !m1 z well z to call up ! mighty dead & to obta9 answ]s to que/ions address$ to !m4 ,a swall[1 on a celonite1 e/abli%es & pres]ves peace & concord among m54 ,a man ) 8 "r h& rais$ al(t1 if engrav$ on a *alc$ony1 gives success 9 lawsuits1 r5d]s ! we>] heal?y1 gives him safety 9 8 travels & pres]ves him f all evil *ances4 ,! names ( ,god1 on a c]aunia /one1 h ! p[] to pres]ve ! place :]e ! /one may be f tempe/s2 !y also give to ! we>] victory ov] 8 enemies4 ,a be>1 if engrav$ on an ame?y/1 has ! virtue ( putt+ demons to flight & def5ds & pres]ves ! we>] f drunk5ness4 ,a man 9 armor1 grav5 on a magnet1 or load/one1 has ! p[] to aid 9 incantations & makes ! we>] victori\s 9 w>4#aia ,an ,italian manuscript1 dat+ f ! f\rte5? c5tury1 gives ! foll[+ talismanic gems3 ,if ?\ f9de/ a /one on :i* is grav5 or figur$ a man ) a goat's head1 :oev] we>s ?is /one1 ) ,god's help1 w h great ri*es & ! love ( all m5 & animals4 ,if a /one be f\nd on :i* is grav5 or figur$ an arm$ man or ! drap$ figure ( a virg91 b\nd ) laurel & hav+ a laurel bran* 9 h] h&1 ?is /one is sacr$ & frees ! we>] f all *anges & haps ( =tune4 ,:5 ?\ f9de/ a /one on :i* is grav5 ! figure ( a man hold+ a scy! 9 8 h&1 a /one l ?is imp>ts /r5g? & p[] to ! we>]4 ,e day adds to 8 /r5g?1 c\rage & boldness4 ,hold de> t /one on :i* ?\ %alt f9d figur$ or cut ! moon or ! sun1 or bo? toge!r1 = x makes ! we>] *a/e & gu>ds him f lu/4 ,a jewel to be priz$ is t /one on :i* is grav5 or figur$ a man ) w+s hav+ b5ea? 8 feet a s]p5t ^: head he holds 9 8 h&4 ,a /one ( ?is k9d gives ! we>]1 by ,god's help1 abundant weal? ( k1 z well z good heal? & favor4 ,%\ld/ ?\ f9d a /one on :i* is ! figure ( a man hold+ 9 8 "r h& a palm bran*1 ?is /one1 ) ,god's help1 r5d]s ! we>] victori\s 9 disputes & 9 battles1 & br+s him ! favor ( ! great4 ,f9d+ ! /one call$ jasp]1 be>+ grav5 or figur$ a huntsman1 a dog1 or a /ag1 ! we>]1 ) ,god's help1 w h ! p[] to heal "o possess$ ( a devil1 or :o is insane4 ,a good /one is t "o on :i* ?\ %alt f9d grav5 or figur$ a s]p5t ) a rav5 on its tail4 ,:oev] we>s ?is /one w enjoy high /ation & be mu* honor$2 x also protects f ! ill-effects ( ! heat4#aib ,! orig9al mean+ ( ! swa/ika emblem has be5 v>i\sly expla9$ z a symbol ( fire1 ( ! f\r c>d9al po9ts1 ( wat]1 ( ! lightn+1 etc4 ,/ill ano!r explanation is giv5 by ,ho]nes1 :o incl9es to ! belief t x is simply a conv5tionaliz$ repres5tation ( ! human =m1 ! l[] %aft be+ ! two legs jo9$ toge!r1 ! two horizontal %afts ! out/ret*$ arms1 & ! upp] %aft ! trunk ( ! body2 ! f\r projections w\ld /& = ! feet1 ! two h&s & ! head4#aic ,! ,egyptian crux ansata1 ! hi]oglyphic symbol = 8life10 & ! ,phnician ,tau symbol1 ! 8m>k0 t 0 to be /amp$ ^u ! =eheads ( ! fai?ful 9 ,j]usalem 7,ezek4 ix1 #d71 & :i* 9 ,e>ly ,*ri/ian art 0 frequ5tly sub/itut$ = ! usual cross1 are bo? expla9$ by ,ho]nes 9 a simil> way1 & he notes ! fact t ! swa/ika symbol does n appe> 9 ,egyptian or ,phnician art1 draw+ ! inf]5ce t all ?ree symbols orig9at$ 9 ! same =m or figure4#aid ,to all ^! symbols 7 attribut$ talismanic virtues & !y 7 frequ5tly engrav$ on preci\s /ones4 ,illu/ration3 ,,monogram ,,( ,,! ,,"n ,,( ,,*ri/ ,,engrav$ ,,on ,,an ,,onyx ,,gem4 ,f ! 8,cab9et de ,pi]res ,antiques ,graves10 ( ,gorlaeus1 ,p>is1 #aggh1 ,pl4 ,,xcv4 ,! s-call$ 8,monogrammatic ,cross0 0 v freely us$ 9 "w ( ! fif? c5tury4 ,?is is simply a modification ( ! monogram =m$ ( ! fir/ two lett]s ( ! "n ,*ri/ z writt5 9 ,greek1 a device :i* fir/ appe>$ aft] ! "t ( ,con/ant9e ! ,great 7d4 #ccg ,a4,d474 ,?is monogram usually assum$ ! foll[+ =m3 1 & ! 8,monogrammatic ,cross0 0 made by *ang+ ! position ( ! ,greek ,x 7*i71 & mak+ "o ( its arms s]ve z ! /raight /roke ( ! ,p 7r71 ?us giv+ ! foll[+ =m3 4 ,a curi\s amulet to av]t ! spell ( ! ,evil ,eye is an engrav$ s>d %[+ an eye 9 ! c5tre1 ar\nd :i* are gr\p$ ! attributes ( ! div9ities presid+ ov] ! days ( ! week4 ,sunday1 ! dies ,solis1 is repres5t$ by a lion2 ,monday1 ! dies ,lun1 by a /ag2 ,tuesday1 ! dies ,m>tis1 by a scorpion2 ,w$nesday1 ! dies ,m]curii1 by a dog2 ,?ursday1 ! dies ,jovis1 by a ?und]bolt2 ,friday1 ! dies ,v5]is1 by a snake2 & ,saturday1 ! dies ,saturni1 by an owl4#aie ,9 ?is way ! we>] 0 protect$ at all times f ! evil influ5ce4 ,because ( its peculi> m>k+s1 "s ( :i* sugge/ ! =m ( an eye1 mala*ite 0 worn 9 "s p>ts ( ,italy 7e4g41 9 ,bettona7 z an amulet to protect ! we>] f ! spell ( ! ,evil ,eye4 ,su* /ones 7 call$ 8peacock-/ones10 f _! resemblance 9 color & m>k+ to ! peacock's tail4 ,! =m ( ^! mala*ite amulets is usually triangul>1 & !y 7 m\nt$ 9 silv]4 ,x is curi\s to note1 z a pro( ( ! p]si/5ce ( sup]/itions1 t 9 an ,etruscan tomb at ,*iusi !re 0 f\nd a triangul>1 p]=at$ piece ( glass1 ea* angle t]m9at+ 9 an eye =m$ ( glass ( v>i\s colors4#aif ,on _m ( ! amulets fabricat$ 9 ,italy = protection aga9/ ! dread$ jettatura1 or spell ( ! ,evil ,eye1 ! cock is figur$4 ,8 image 0 suppos$ 9 anci5t times to assure ! protection ( ! sun-god1 & 8 cr[+ 0 reg>d$ z an in>ticulate hymn ( praise to ?is deity4 ,he 0 also a type ( dauntless c\rage4 ,all ?is contribut$ to make him a def5d] ( ! weak1 especially ( wom5 & *ildr51 aga9/ ! wiles ( ! spirits ( d>kness4#aig ,ro/&1 9 8 8,*antecl]10 has enl>g$ ?is conception1 & end[s ! cock ) ! pr\d conviction t x is to 8 matut9al *ant alone t ! _w owes ! daily recurr5t ph5om5on ( ! sunrise4 ,illu/ration3 ,,two ,,gold ,,r+s ,,set ,,) ,,engrav$ ,,onyx ,,gems4 ,on ! "r1 a ,victory2 on ! left1 game-cocks4 ,f ! ,dactylio!ca1 ( ,gorlaeus1 ,delft1 #afja1 ,figs4 #aga1 #agb4 ,9 ,pale/9e ! ,evil ,eye is suppos$ to be ! baleful gift ( m5 :o h light-blue eyes1 m especially if !y are be>dless4 ,possibly ?is is ! p[] 9 :i* "s ( our blond & be>dless 8ma%]s0 repose _! tru/4 ,z an antidote to ! awful influ5ce ( ^! blue-ey$ mon/]s1 ! ,syrian wom5 decorat$ !mselves ) blue beads1 on ! pr9ciple similia similibus curantur4 ,a maid5 ) beautiful hair w tie a blue ribbon ab\t x1 or we> a blue bead 9 x1 s z to w>d (f any evil spell ca/ by ! blue eye t might rob h] ( h] fair d[]4#aih ,x is a well-kn[n fact t _m amulets 7 made 9 =ms sugge/+ objects (f5sive to our s5se ( propriety4 ,^! 7 ?\ght to protect ! we>]s by d5ot+ ! contempt !y felt = ! evil spirits leagu$ aga9/ !m4 ,"s su* fancy may h induc$ ! peculi> designs ( c]ta9 ( ! jewels alleg$ to h be5 pawn$ 9 ,p>is by ! ex-,sultan ,abdul ,hamid = ! sum ( #a1bjj1jjj francs 7#bdj1jjj74 ,accord+ to rumor1 ^! pl$ges mu/ be sold1 z ! sultan has fail$ to r$eem !m1 b ! designs are s risqu t !y _c be (f]$ at public sale2 !re=e ! /ones & pe>ls are to be remov$ & ! gold sett+s are to be melt$ & sold z metal4 ,x is n exclusively *>act]i/ic ( our comm]cial & indu/rial age t ! price paid = a "w ( art %\ld influ5ce ! popul> e/imation ( ! m]its ( ! "w1 z appe>s 9 an anecdote relat$ by ,pl9y4 ,an em]ald 7sm>agd71 ^u :i* 0 engrav$ a figure ( ,amymone 7"o ( ! ,danaid71 hav+ be5 (f]$ = sale 9 ! ,isle ( ,cyprus1 at ! price ( six gold5 d5>ii1 ,ism5ias1 a flute-play]1 gave ord]s to pur*ase x4 ,! deal]1 h[ev]1 r$uc$ ! price & return$ two d5>ii2 ^u :i* ,ism5ias rem>k$1 8,by ,h]cules6 he has done me b a bad turn 9 ?is1 = ! m]it ( ! /one has be5 greatly impair$ by ?is r$uction 9 price40#aii ,a v>iant ( ! design direct$ by ,damig]on to be plac$ on ! em]ald is recomm5d$ 9 a ?irte5? c5tury manuscript1 :]e we read t to fit ?is /one = use z a talisman1 x %\ld be engrav$ ) ! =m ( a sc>ab1 b5ea? :i* !re %\ld appe> a cre/$ p>oquet4#bjj ,accord+ to ! same manuscript1 a jasp] %\ld be> ! figure ( ,m>s fully arm$1 or else t ( a virg9 we>+ a fl[+ robe & be>+ a laurel bran*4 ,x %\ld !n be 8consecrat$ ) p]petual consecration40 ,! my?ical au?or ,ce!l ass]ts t ! own] ( a jasp] engrav$ ) ! sacr$ symbol ( ! cross w\ld be pres]v$ f dr[n+4#bja ,a curi\s quid pro quo appe>s 9 a fifte5? c5tury treatise on gems writt5 9 ,fr5*4 ,"h1 9 a li/ ( engrav$ gems suitable = use z amulets1 we read1 8,if y f9d a drom$>y engrav$ on a /one ) hair fl[+ ov] its %\ld]s1 ?is /one w br+ peace & concord betwe5 man & wife40 ,! orig9al ,lat9 text read1 8,if y f9d ,&rom$a on a /one ) hair fl[+ ov] h] %\ld]s10 etc4#bjb ,! translator's art :i* c\ld turn ,&rom$a into a drom$>y almo/ equall$ t ( ! en*antress ,circe4 ,a few ev5 ( ! e>ly writ]s 7 dispos$ to be sceptical z to ! virtues ascrib$ to ^! engrav$ gems1 & did n hesitate to ass]t t ! ,greek & ,roman engrav]s execut$ _! designs = ornam5tal purposes r ?an to fit ! gems = use z talismans4 ,?is 0 und\bt$ly true 9 a l>ge numb] ( cases b nev]!less1 z we h se51 _m engrav$ talismans 7 really cut 9 ! e>ly c5turies4 ,z ! art ( gem engrav+ 0 n practis$ 9 ! ,middle ,ages1 "s m$ieval writ]s suppose t ! engrav$ talismanic gems curr5t 9 _! "t 7 n works ( art1 b ( nature1 & ,konrad von ,meg5b]g accept+ ?is view1 gave x z 8 op9ion t 8,god grant$ ^! /ones _! beauty & virtue = ! help & com=t ( ! human race10 add+ t :5 he hop$ to receive help f !m he 9 no wise d5i$ ! grace ( ,god4#bjc ,damig]on writes ( ! s>d t1 if worn by a woman1 x is a good & =tunate /one4 ,x %\ld be engrav$ ) a design %[+ a grape-v9e & ivy int]tw9$4#bjd ,a celebrat$ topaz 0 t not$ by ,george ,agricola z be+ 9 ! possession ( a ,neapolitan1 ,hadrianus ,gulielmus4#bje ,x bore1 9 anci5t ,roman *>act]s1 ! t]se & pregnant inscription3 ,natura deficit1 ,=tuna mutatur4 ,deus omnia c]nit4 ,?is 0 v freely r5d]$ by ,?omas ,nicols z foll[s3#bjf ,nature by frailty do? dayly wa/e away4 ,=tune is turn'd & *ang$ e day4 ,9 all1 !re is an eye "k's no decay4 ,jah sees = aye4 ,!re is 9 ! ,imp]ial ,academy at ,mosc[ a turquoise two in*es 9 diamet]1 inscrib$ ) a text f ! ,koran 9 lett]s ( gold4 ,?is turquoise 0 =m]ly worn by ! ,%ah ( ,p]sia z an amulet1 & x 0 valu$ at #ejjj rubles by ! jewell] f ^: h&s x came4#bjg ,x is well kn[n t ,napoleon ,,iii 0 incl9$ to be sup]/iti\s1 & !re is n1 !re=e1 any?+ inh]5tly improbable 9 ! report t he left ! seal he wore on 8 wat*-*a9 to 8 son1 ! un=tunate ,pr9ce ,imp]ial1 z a talisman4 ,?is seal is said to h borne an inscription 9 ,arabic *>act]s1 signify+ 8,! slave ,abraham rely+ on ! ,m]ciful ,"o 7,god740#bjh ,! talisman lo/ its virtue on t unlucky day :51 9 f>-(f ,zulul&1 ! heir to s _m hopes 0 cut (f 9 ! fir/ flu% ( e>ly manhood 7see page #fd74 ,v ,on ,om9\s & ,lum9\s ,/ones ,,! ,,opal ,"m4 ,come1 let me place a *>m ^u ?y br[1 ,& may good spirits grant1 t nev] c>e ,approa*1 to trace a s+le furr[ !re6 ,daught]4 ,?y love1 my "m1 bett] f> ?an *>m1 ,%all %ield ?y *ild--& yet ?is wondr\s gem#bji ,looks z ?\gh "s /range influ5ce x _h won ,f ! bright skies--= e ra9b[ hue ,%oots quiv]+ ?r\gh its dep?s 9 *angeful gleams1 ,l ! mild lightn+s ( a summ] eve4 ,"m4 ,ev5 s do? love p]vade a "m's he>t2 ,?us1 ev] active1 looks ?r\gh h] fond eyes4#baj ,!re c be little d\bt t mu* ( ! mod]n sup]/ition reg>d+ ! suppos$ unlucky quality ( ! opal owes its orig9 to a c>eless read+ ( ,sir ,walt] ,scott's novel1 8,anne ( ,gei]/e940#baa ,! wond]ful tale !re9 relat$ ( ! ,lady ,h]mione1 a sort ( en*ant$ pr9cess1 :o came no "o knew :5ce & always wore a dazzl+ opal 9 h] hair1 conta9s no?+ to indicate t ,scott really meant to repres5t ! opal z unlucky4 ,lady ,h]mione's gem 0 an en*ant$ /one j z its own] 0 a product ( en*antm5t1 & its peculi>ities dep5d$ entirely ^u its my/]i\s "*1 :i* might equally well h be5 attribut$ to a diamond1 a ruby1 or a sapphire4 ,! life ( ! /one 0 b\nd up ) ! life ( ,h]mione2 x sp>kl$ :5 %e 0 gay1 x %ot out r$ gleams :5 %e 0 angry2 & :5 a few drops ( holy wat] 7 spr9kl$ ov] x1 !y qu5*$ its radiance4 ,h]mione fell into a swoon1 0 c>ri$ to h] *amb]1 & ! next day no?+ b a small heap ( a%es rema9$ on ! b$ :]eon %e _h be5 laid4 ,! spell 0 brok5 & ! en*antm5t dissolv$4 ,all t c h det]m9$ ! selection ( ! opal r ?an any o!r preci\s /one is ! fact ( its wond]ful play ( color & its s5sitiv5ess to moi/ure4 ,h5ce we are p]fectly ju/ifi$ 9 return+ to ! old] belief ( ! manifold virtues ( ! opal1 only rememb]+ t ?is gem is a little m fragile ?an _m o!rs & %\ld be m c>efully h&l$ & gu>d$4 ,! opal1 ,octob]'s gem1 recalls 9 its wond]ful & v>i$ play ( color ! glories ( a bright ,octob] day 9 ! c\ntry1 :5 e>? & sky vie ) ea* o!r 9 brilliancy & ! eye is fairly dazzl$ ) ! bewild]+ v>iety ( color4 ,x r>ely happ5s t ,pl9y gives any in=mation z to p>ticul> jewels1 almo/ all 8 notices ( preci\s /ones be+ conf9$ to descriptions ( _! =m & color1 & data reg>d+ :at 0 popul>ly believ$ z to _! talismanic or !rapeutic p[]4 ,9 ! case ( ! opalus1 h[ev]1 he writes z foll[s3 8,!re exi/s to-day a gem ( ?is k9d1 on acc\nt ( :i* ! s5ator ,nonius 0 proscrib$ by ,antony4 ,seek+ safety 9 flight1 he took ) him ( all 8 possessions ?is r+ alone1 :i* x is c]ta91 0 valu$ at #b1jjj1jjj se/]ces 7#hj1jjj740bab ,! /one 0 8z l>ge z a hazel-nut40 ,?is 8opal ( ,nonius0 w\ld be ! great hi/oric opal if we _h any assurance t x 0 really ! /one to :i* we n[ give ?is "n4 ,z1 h[ev]1 ! pr9cipal ,european s\rce ( supply 9 ,hung>y does n appe> to h be5 available 9 classic times to ! ,romans1 & z opals are n f\nd 9 ! places :5ce1 accord+ to ,pl9y1 ! opalus 0 d]iv$1 we are almo/ =c$ to ! conclusion t he _h "s o!r /one 9 m9d :5 he gave 8 eloqu5t description ( ! opalus4 ,& yet1 9 spite ( all ?is1 ,pl9y's words s well describe ! beauties ( a f9e opal t x is difficult to det]m9e :at o!r /one he c\ld h meant4 ,= x c well be said ( opals t 8,!re is 9 !m a s(t] fire ?an 9 ! c>buncle1 !re is ! brilliant purple ( ! ame?y/2 !re is ! sea-gre5 ( ! em]ald--all %9+ toge!r 9 incr$ible union4 ,"s by _! refulg5t spl5dor rival ! colors ( ! pa9t]s1 o!rs ! flame ( burn+ sulphur or ( fire quick5$ by oil40#bac ,possibly "s brilliant v>ieties ( iridesc5t qu>tz--8iris0 qu>tz1 possess+ an int]nal fracture1 displays ) great brilliancy all ! colors ( ! ra9b[1 sp>kl+ ) wond]ful cle>ness 9 its field ( transp>5t m9]al--might excite ! admiration ( "o :o _h nev] se5 an opal4 ,ref]r+ aga9 to ^! qu>tz cry/als1 !y are (t5 cut s z to =m a dome ( qu>tz & are ev5 us$ z di/9ct jewels4 ,! fact t ,pl9y c\ld praise ! ,indian imitations ( ! opalus 9 glass1 & c\ld /ate t ?is /one 0 m successfully imitat$ ?an any o!r1 is an almo/ decisive argum5t aga9/ id5tify+ ! opalus ) an opal1 = x is well kn[n t no /one is m difficult to imitate4 ,ab\t ! middle ( ! eighte5? c5tury1 a peasant f\nd a brilliant preci\s /one 9 "s old ru9s at ,alex&ria1 ,egypt4 ,?is /one 0 set 9 a r+4 ,x 0 z l>ge z a hazel-nut & is said to h be5 an opal cut en cabo*on4 ,accord+ to ! report1 x 0 ev5tually tak5 to ,con/ant9ople1 :]e x 0 e/imat$ to be wor? 8sev]al ?\s& ducats40#bad ,! description giv5 ( ?is gem1 its app>5t antiquity1 & ! high value set ^u x h contribut$ to induce _m to conjecture t x 0 ! celebrat$ 8opal ( ,nonius40 ,( c\rse ?is 0 no?+ b a romantic fancy4 ,x is also q c]ta9 t an opal w\ld sc>cely hold its play ( color or compactness = tw5ty c5turies1 = mo/ opals lose _! wat]--sl[ly p]haps1 b surely--)9 a less] space ( "t4 ,ev5 ! f9e/ ,hung>ian opals %[ "s loss ( life & color )9 a c5tury or ev5 less1 & "s transp>5t ,mexican opals lose _! color & are fill$ ) flaws )9 a few ye>s' "t4 ,! ,edda tells ( a sacr$ /one call$ ! y>ka/e91 :i* ! clev] smi? ,volndr 7! ,sc&9avian ,vulcan7 =m$ f ! eyes ( *ildr54 ,grimm conjectures t ?is "n designates a r\nd1 milk-:ite opal4 ,c]ta9ly ! opal 0 (t5 call$ oph?almios1 or eye/one1 9 ! ,middle ,ages1 & x 0 a common idea t ! image ( a boy or girl c\ld be se5 9 ! pupil ( ! eye4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! 8,,orphanus ,,jewel0 ,,9 ,,! ,,g]man ,,imp]ial ,,cr[n4 ,f ! 8,hortus ,sanitatis0 ( ,johannis de ,cuba ,/rassburg1 ,jean ,pryss1 ca4 #adhc2 ,de lapidibus1 cap4 xcii4 ,au?or's libr>y4 ,alb]tus ,magnus describes "u ! "n orphanus a /one :i* 0 set 9 ! imp]ial cr[n ( ! ,holy ,roman ,empire4 ,?is gem is believ$ to h be5 a spl5did opal1 & ,alb]tus describes x z foll[s3 ,! orphanus is a /one :i* is 9 ! cr[n ( ! ,roman ,emp]or1 & none l x has ev] be5 se52 = ?is v reason x is call$ orphanus4 ,x is ( a subtle v9\s t+e1 & its hue is z ?\gh pure :ite sn[ fla%$ & sp>kl$ ) ! color ( bright1 ruddy w9e1 & 0 ov]come by ?is radiance4 ,x is a transluc5t /one1 & !re is a tradition t =m]ly x %one 9 ! night-"t2 b n[1 9 our age1 x does n sp>kle 9 ! d>k4 ,x is said to gu>d ! regal honor4#bae ,evid5tly ?is imp]ial gem 0 reg>d$ z sui g5]is1 = ,alb]tus has j describ$ ! oph?almus lapis1 a "n frequ5tly be/[$ ^u ! opal 9 m$ieval times1 recit+ ! virtues usually ascrib$ to ! opal = ! cure ( diseases ( ! eye1 & ! magic p[] ( ! /one to r5d] its we>] invisible1 :]e=e x 0 d5om9at$ patronus furum1 or 8patron ( ?ieves40 ,9 ! ,middle ,ages ! opal m9es ( ,c]n[itz1 9 ,hung>y1 7 v actively exploit$1 & at ! op5+ ( ! fifte5? c5tury m ?an ?ree hundr$ m5 are said to h be5 employ$ "h 9 ! se>* = opals4 ,at t "t1 & = _m c5turies aft]1 no brea? ( suspicion ev] t>ni%$ ! fame ( ! opal z n only a ?+ ( r>e beauty1 b also a talisman ( ! fir/ rank4 ,we are told t blond maid5s valu$ no?+ m highly ?an necklaces ( opals1 = :ile !y wore ^! ornam5ts _! hair 0 sure to gu>d its beautiful color4 ,! latt] sup]/itions probably arose f ! frangibility ( ! /one & its occasional loss ( fire4 ,f ! e>lie/ times ! baleful influ5ce ( ! ,evil ,eye has /ruck t]ror into ! s\ls ( ! ignorant & sup]/iti\s4 ,x is believ$ by "s t ! "n 8opal0--writt5 8ophal0 9 ! "t ( ,que5 ,elizabe?--0 d]iv$ f oph?almos1 ! eye1 or oph?almius1 p]ta9+ to ! eye1 & t h5ce ! fooli% sup]/ition reg>d+ ! ill luck ( ! opal _h "s connection ) ! belief 9 ! ,evil ,eye4 ,h[ev]1 ?is is altoge!r incorrect1 s9ce ! /one call$ oph?almius by e>ly writ]s1 & :i* seems to h be5 ! opalus ( ! anci5ts & our opal1 0 believ$ to h a wond]fully b5eficial effect ^u ! sight1 & if x 0 ?\ght to r5d] ! we>] invisible1 ?is 0 only an add$ virtue ( ! /one4 ,illu/ration3 #a1 #b1 #c1 #d1 #e4 ,eye agates1 ,aleppo /ones1 ,arabia4 #f & #g4 ,antique eye agates1 ) d\ble zone4 #h & #i4 ,aleppo /ones set 9 r+s4 #aj & #aa4 ,d\ble eye agates1 ,aleppo /ones1 ,arabia4 #ab4 ,natural pebble1 %[+ eye f ,isle ,royal1 ,lake ,sup]ior4 #ac & #ad4 ,natural agates ) eye-l effect1 ,ea/ ,indian4 ,_h be5 us$ z votive *>ms4 #ae4 ,eye agate1 ,brazil4 #af4 ,agate call$ ,ori5tal agate1 eye effect1 f ,brazil4 #ag4 ,anci5t eye ( idol1 agate v>iety s>donyx4 ,_h be5 pi]c$ l5g?wise & worn z a *>m on ! arm4 ,ea/ ,indian4 ,! eye-agates 7 sometimes us$ to =m ! eyes ( idols4 ,at a lat] p]iod "s ( ^! 8agate-eyes0 7 remov$ f ! /atues & cut ) a glyptic subject on ! l[] side4 ,"s ( ! mo/ int]e/+ antique gems are ( ?is k9d4 ,9 ,aleppo 7& else:]e 9 ! ,ea/7 !re is a c]ta9 type ( sore kn[n z ! 8,aleppo button0 or 8,aleppo boil40 ,! boil frequ5tly does n appe> = a long p]iod aft] infection has tak5 place4 ,x (t5 appe>s z a swell+ surr\nd$ by a :ite r+1 & !re is a belief among ! natives t !re are 8,aleppo /ones10 ^! be+ ! s-call$ 8eye-agates0 frequ5tly produc$ by cutt+ a ?ree-lay]1 naturally pale yell[ or pale gray agate1 ) int]v5+ :ite zones 9 su* a way t x looks l an eye or a d\ble-eye1 & su* /ones are us$ 9 alleviation ( ! ,aleppo sore4 ,:at b5eficial influ5ce !y may h is due to ! fact t ! agate is cold & furni%es a little relief = ! "t4 ,?is 8,aleppo boil0 or 8,ori5tal sore0 s preval5t 9 _m p>ts ( we/]n ,asia1 is produc$1 accord+ to ! be/ au?orities1 by a pa?og5ic organism ,lei%mania tropica 7,wright7 #aijc4 ,z to ! means by :i* ?is organism is introduc$ into ! human subject no?+ v def9ite is kn[n1 b mosquitoes or ,phlebotomus h be5 sugge/$ z possible transmitt+ ag5cies4#baf ,! eye ( "s invisible mon/]1 ! eye ( ! dragon1 ! eye ( ! s]p5t1 7 all reg>d$ z possess$ ( malign p[]4 ,x is well kn[n t 9 ! ,ea/ ,indies a peacock's fea!r is ?\ght to br+ ill-luck1 ! eye 9 ! fea!r be+ ! baleful po9t4 ,ev5 9 our own "t1 & among ^? = :om ?is primitive sup]/ition has no t]rors1 ! humor\s use ( ! idea--z %[n1 = in/ance1 9 ! 8,dick ,dead-,eye0 ( ,gilb]t & ,sullivan's 8,p9a=e0--proves t ! ,evil ,eye is famili> to our ?\ghts4 ,= ?is reason1 /ones su* z ^? :i* h be5 nam$ ! cat's-eye1 ! tig]'s-eye1 or ! oculus ,beli1 always possess a c]ta9 /range int]e/4 ,"o ( ! e>lie/ descriptions ( ! opal 9 ,engli% is t writt5 9 ! reign ( ,que5 ,elizabe? by ,dr4 ,/eph5 ,batman 7d4 #aehd74 ,:ile ! passage is ess5tially a translation f ! 8,de proprietatibus r]um10 ( ,b>tolomu ,anglicus1 ! ,engli% v]sion is int]e/+ 9 itself z %[+ :at 0 accept$ by ,engli% read]s ( ! "t reg>d+ ! virtues ( ! opal4 ,!re is1 ( c\rse1 no trace ( ! fooli% mod]n sup]/ition t\*+ ! om9\s quality ( ?is beautiful gem4 ,batman writes3#bag ,optallio is call$ ,oppalus also1 & is a /one di/+ui%$ ) colors ( div]s preci\s /ones1 z ,isid4 sai?4444 ,?is /one bre$e? onely 9 ,inde & is deem$ to h z _m virtues1 z hiewes & col\rs4 ,( ?is ,optallius x is said 9 ,lapid>io1 t ?is ,optallius keepe? & save? 8 ey5 t be>e? x1 cle]e & %>p & )\t griefe1 & dimme? o!r m5's ey5 t be ab\t1 ) a man] cl[de1 & smite? !m ) a man] bl9dnesse1 t is call$ ,am5tia1 s t !y may n see nei!r take he$e :at is done be=e _! ey54 ,!re=e x is said t x is ! mo/ sure patron ( !eves4 ,! opal seems to h appeal$ to ,%akespe>e z a fit emblem ( incon/ancy1 = 9 8,twelf? ,night0 he makes ! cl[n say to ! ,duke3#bah ,n[ ! melan*oly ,god protect !e1 & ! ,tailor make ?y g>m5t ( *angeable taffeta1 = ?y m9d is v opal4 ,t ! beauty ( ! opal 0 fully appreciat$ 9 ! sixte5? c5tury is %[n by ! words ( ,c>dano1 :o /ates t he once b\ght "o ( ^! /ones = fifte5 gold cr[ns & f\nd z mu* pleasure 9 its possession z he did 9 t ( a diamond t _h co/ him five hundr$ cr[ns4#bai ,al?\gh sup]/iti\s beliefs 7 r ! rule ?an ! exception 9 ,c>dano's "t1 none ( ! silly fancies reg>d+ ! om9\s quality ( ! opal 7 !n curr5t4 ,x 0 res]v$ = ! n9ete5? c5tury to develop ^! altoge!r unreasonable--& inde$ almo/ inexplicable--sup]/itions4 ,! own]%ip ( s fair an object z a f9e opal mu/ c]ta9ly be a s\rce ( pleasure1 & h5ce add to ! good =tune ( ! own]4 ,al?\gh opal has be5 consid]$ by "s a /one ( mis=tune1 black opal is reg>d$ z an exceptionally lucky /one4 ,=m]ly black opals 7 artificially made by dipp+ ! light-color$ /one into ink1 or by all[+ burnt oil to ent] cracks 9 ! /one produc$ by heat+4 ,ab\t ! ye> #aijj1 h[ev]1 a numb] ( deposits ( natural black opals 7 f\nd 9 ! ,:ite ,cliff region ( ,new ,s\? ,wales1 :5ce exce$+ly beautiful gems h be5 secur$1 ) wond]ful flames ( gre51 r$1 & blue 9 a black field4 ,"s ( ^! h sold = #ajjj & ev5 = a high] price1 ! small] ones br++ f a few doll>s upw>d ea*4 ,x has be5 claim$ t #b1jjj1jjj wor? h be5 sold f ,new ,s\? ,wales4 ,a rem>kable example is figur$ on ! frontispiece ( ?is volume4 ,! late ,f4 ,m>ion ,craw=d 0 a great admir] ( ?is /rangely beautiful v>iety ( opal4 ,t ill-luck & good-luck are relative t]ms is %[n u publi%$ ( an opal by ,p>is newspap]s4 ,a %opgirl1 pla9ly clad1 9 cross+ ! ,place de l',opra1 :5 ! /reet traffic 0 at its greate/1 /opp$ at "o ( ! 8refuges0 halfway across ! /reet4 ,to ! girl's great surprise1 an elegantly attir$ lady /&+ !re slipp$ an opal r+ f h] f+] & gave x to ! girl1 :o took x to a jewell]'s %op to sell x4 ,"h %e 0 arre/$ on suspicion ( hav+ /ol5 x4 ,! magi/rate be=e :om %e appe>$ 0 incl9$ to believe h] /ory & ord]$ a 8p]sonal0 9 a widely read j\rnal ask+ ! lady to cle> ! girl ( ! *>ge4 ,a titl$ lady pres5t$ h]self1 sub/antiat+ ! girl's /atem5t4 ,%e fe>$ ill-luck w\ld befall h] if %e wore or kept ! r+1 :i* 0 return$ to ! %opgirl4 ,a possible explanation ( ! sup]/iti\s dread ! opal us$ to excite "s "t ago may be f\nd 9 ! fact t lapid>ies & gem-sett]s to :om opals 7 entru/$ 7 sometimes s un=tunate z to fracture !m 9 ! process ( cutt+ or sett+4 ,?is 0 frequ5tly due to no fault on ! "p ( ! cutt]s or sett]s1 b 0 ow+ to ! natural brittl5ess ( ! opal4 ,z su* workm5 are responsible to ! own]s = any injury to ! gems1 !y w\ld soon acquire a prejudice aga9/ opals1 & w\ld come to reg>d !m z unlucky /ones4 ,v widespread sup]/itions h no bett] f\ndation ?an ?is1 = ! orig9al cause1 sometimes a q rational "o1 is soon lo/ sight ( & popul> fantasy sugge/s some?+ entirely diff]5t & bett] calculat$ to appeal to ! imag9ation4 ,! belief t ! diamond fractur$ ! tee? if x 7 put 9 ! m\?1 & ruptur$ ! inte/9es if x 7 swall[$1 already appe>s 9 pseudo-,ari/otle1#bbj & c !re=e be dat$ back to ! n9? & p]haps to ! sev5? c5tury4 ,?is fancy evid5tly owes its orig9 to ! fact t ! diamond1 because ( its h>dness1 0 us$ to cut all o!r /ones1 & ! idea ( its de/ructive quality 0 /r5g!n$ by ! old leg5ds reg>d+ ! v5om\s s]p5ts :i* gu>d$ ! place :]e x 0 f\nd4 ,h5ce ! firm conviction t x w\ld br+ dea? to any "o :o swall[$ x4 ,accord+ to ,g>cias ab ,orta 7#aefc71 ! diamond 0 n us$ = m$ic9al purposes 9 ! ,india ( 8 "t1 except :5 inject$ into ! bladd] to break up vesical calculi4 ,he notes1 h[ev]1 ! preval5t belief t diamonds1 or diamond du/1 :5 tak5 int]nally1 work$ z a poison4 ,z a pro( ( ! falsity ( ?is belief1 ,g>cias adduces ! fact t ! slaves :o work$ 9 ! diamond m9es (t5 swall[$ diamonds to conceal !m1 & nev] exp]i5c$ any ill effects1 ! /ones be+ recov]$ 9 a natural way4 ,! same au?or notes ! case ( a man :o suff]$ f *ronic dys5t]y & ^: wife _h = a long "t adm9i/]$ to him doses ( diamond du/4 ,if ?is did n help him1 nei!r did x injure him2 f9ally1 by ! advice ( ! doctors1 ?is /range treatm5t 0 ab&on$4 ,! man ev5tually di$ ( 8 disease1 b _m days aft] ! doses ( diamond du/ _h be5 discont9u$4#bba ,! ,h9dus believ$ t a flaw$ diamond1 or "o conta9+ specks or spots1 0 s unlucky t x c\ld ev5 deprive ,indra ( 8 highe/ heav54 ,! orig9al %ape ( ! /one 0 also consid]$ ( great importance1 m especially 9 e>ly times1 :5 b few1 if any1 diamonds1 7 cut4 ,a triangul> /one 0 said to cause qu>rels1 a squ>e diamond inspir$ ! we>] ) vague t]rors2 a five-corn]$ /one _h ! wor/ effect ( all1 = x br\ght dea?2 only ! six-corn]$ diamond 0 productive ( good4#bbb ,! ,turki% sultan ,bejazet ,,ii 7#addg-aeab7 is said to h be5 done to dea? by a dose ( pulv]iz$ diamond adm9i/]$ to him by 8 son ,selim1 :o mix$ ! diamond du/ ) ! sultan's food4#bbc ,x is also relat$ t ! disciples ( ,p>acelsus 7#adic-aeda7 spread ! report t he di$ f ! effects ( a dose ( diamond du/4 ,ambrosius#bbd conjectures t ?is 0 only an excuse to expla9 ! demise ( ! ma/] 9 ! prime ( life--he 0 b =ty-eight ye>s old at ! "t ( 8 dea?--al?\gh he _h promis$ long life to all :o made use ( 8 m$icam5ts4 ,:ile ,b5v5uto ,cell9i 7#aejj-aega71 ! unrivall$ goldsmi?1 0 imprison$ 9 ,rome1 9 #aech1 he /rongly suspect$ t 8 enemies 7 seek+ to poison him by tamp]+ ) 8 food4 ,cell9i %>$ ! belief ( 8 contempor>ies t !re 0 no m deadly poison ?an diamond du/4 ,"o day1 :ile eat+ 8 noonday meal1 he felt some?+ grate betwe5 8 tee?4 ,he paid no p>ticul> att5tion to ?is1 b :5 he _h f9i%$ eat+ 8 eye 0 caught by "s bright p>ticles on ! plate4 ,pick+ up "o ( ^! & exam9+ x c>efully1 he 0 t]rifi$ to f9d :at he suppos$ to be a diamond spl9t]1 & he /raightway gave himself up = lo/1 ?9k+ t he _h swall[$ a quantity ( diamond du/4 ,he pray$ to ,god = an h\r & f9ally became reconcil$ to ! ?\ght ( dy+1 b sudd5ly x occurr$ to him t he _h n te/$ ! h>dness ( ! fragm5t he _h f\nd 9 8 food4 ,he imm$iately took ! spl9t] & tri$ to cru% x betwe5 8 knife & ! /one w9d[-sill2 to 8 joy ! attempt succe$$1 & he became conv9c$ t :at he _h swall[$ 0 n diamond du/4 ,lat]1 aft] 8 release1 ,cell9i le>n$ t an enemy _h giv5 a diamond to a c]ta9 ,lione ,aret9o1 a gem-cutt]1 in/ruct+ him to gr9d x up s t ! du/ c\ld be plac$ 9 ,cell9i's food4 ,! gem-cutt] 0 v poor & ! diamond 0 wor? a hundr$ scudi1 s ! man yield$ to temptation & sub/itut$ a citr9e = ! diamond4 ,to ?is circum/ance alone did ,cell9i attribute 8 escape f dea?4#bbe ,9 ,engl&1 m ?an sev5ty ye>s aft] ,cell9i's exp]i5ce1 diamond du/ 0 select$ z a poison to d away ) a luckless prison]4 ,sir ,?omas ,ov]bury _h incurr$ ! bitt] animosity ( ! ,c\ntess ( ,essex1 because he oppos$ h] m>riage ) ! favorite ( ,james ,i1 ,rob]t ,c>r1 ,visc\nt ,som]set1 :om he _h befri5d$ & ^: c>e] he _h fur!r$4 ,! m>riage took place1 h[ev]1 &1 9 #afac1 ,ov]bury 0 imprison$ 9 ! ,t[]1 ?r\gh ! ma*9ations ( ! c\ntess4 ,%e !n s\ght ! aid ( "o ,james ,frankl91 an apo!c>y1 direct+ him to concoct a sl[ & deadly poison1 :i* %\ld be mix$ ) ,ov]bury's food4 ,9 ! m9utes ( ,frankl9's confession1 he is said to h /at$ t ! c\ntess ask$ him :at he ?\ght ( :ite ars5ic4 ,8 reply 0 t ?is poison w\ld prove too viol5t4 8,:at say y 7quo? %e7 to p[d] ( diamonds80 ,he answ]$1 8,i "k n ! nature ( t40 ,%e said t he 0 a fool1 & gave him pieces ( gold1 & bade him buy "s ( t p[d] = h]4 ,x appe>s1 h[ev]1 f ! te/imony1 t a numb] ( +r$i5ts 7 employ$1 q probably small doses ( m]cury1 can?>ides1 etc41 z well z ! baleful diamond du/4 ,poor ,ov]bury l+]$ on = m ?an ?ree mon?s1 b 0 f9ally put out ( 8 mis]y by a cly/] ( corrosive sublimate4#bbf ,z a pro( ( ! deadly effects caus$ by ! diamond1 ! ,portuguese ,zacutus relates ! case ( a m]*ant's s]vant :o surreptiti\sly swall[$ ?ree r\gh diamonds belong+ to 8 ma/]4 ,on ! foll[+ day ?is man 0 seiz$ ) viol5t abdom9al pa9s1 all ! rem$ies adm9i/]$ to him 7 )\t effect1 & he soon di$ f ! ext5sive int]nal ulc]ation produc$ by ! %>p edges ( ! diamonds4#bbg ,?is old fancy t diamonds or diamond du/ _h deadly effects :5 swall[$ is pretty well explod$ by ?is "t1 little or no confirmation be+ af=d$ by ! in/ances cit$ 9 ! matt]4 ,h[ev]1 q rec5tly x has be5 %[n t swall[+ a diamond c prove fatal to a f[l4 ,:ile a prize-w9n+ cock]el 0 be+ fondl$ by 8 pr\d own]1 x spi$ a fla%+ diamond set 9 a r+ on 8 h&1 & imm$iately peck$ out ! /one & swall[$ x4 ,n long aft]1 ! f[l di$--n1 h[ev]1 because x 0 poison$ by ! diamond1 b because x 0 *lor(orm$ to insure ! spe$y recov]y ( ! /one4 ,an old ,engli% ballad1 treat+ ( ! loves ( ,h9d ,horn & ,maid ,rimnild1 rec\nts t :5 ,h9d ,horn1 :o lov$ & 0 belov$ by ! k+'s daught]1 w5t to sea to escape ! wra? ( ! k+1 ! pr9cess gave him a r+ set ) sev5 diamonds4 ,we are told t :5 f> f home3 ,"o day he look$ 8 r+ ^u ,he saw ! diamond pale & wan4 ,h]eupon1 he ha/5$ back1 = ! pal5ess ( ! /one 0 a sign ! lov$ "o 0 unfai?ful to him4 ,on 8 return1 he succe$$ 9 prev5t+ h] m>riage to ano!r1 & ev]y?+ end$ happily4#bbh ,9 a f\rte5? c5tury ,,ms4 ( ! ,old ,engli% romance ^u :i* ! ballad is f\nd$1 ! /one 9 ! r+ is n nam$2 9 giv+ x ,rimnild says3#bbi ,loke ?\ =sake x = no ?+2 ,! /on x is well trewe4 ,:5 ! /on wexe? wan ,?an *aunge? ! ?\ght ( ?i leman1 ,take ?an a newe4 ,:5 ! /on wexe? r$e1 ,?an h ,y lorn mi maid5h$1 ,ogha9es#bcj ! untrewe4 ,9 ?is old] =m ( ! tale1 ! /one ei!r gr[s pale or r$ z a sign ( mis=tune4 ,x is int]e/+ to note t ,epiphanius1 writ+ a ?\s& ye>s e>li]1 /ates t ! adamas ( ! high-prie/ grew r$ z a presage ( blood%$ & defeat = ! ,jews4 ,reg>d+ ! old fancy t a s]p5t c\ld n look ^u an em]ald )\t los+ its sight1 ! ,arabian gem deal]1 ,ahm$ ,teifa%i1 9 #abdb writes z foll[s3#bca ,aft] hav+ read 9 le>n$ books ( ?is peculi>ity ( ! em]ald1 ,i te/$ x by my own exp]im5t & f\nd ! /atem5ts exact4 ,x *anc$ t ,i _h 9 my possession a f9e em]ald ( ! zabbi v>iety1 & ) ?is ,i decid$ to make ! exp]im5t on ! eyes ( a vip]4 ,!re=e1 hav+ made a b>ga9 ) a snake-*>m] to procure me "s vip]s1 z soon z ,i receiv$ !m ,i select$ "o & plac$ x 9 a vessel4 ,?is be+ done1 ,i took a /ick ( wood1 atta*$ to ! end a piece ( wax1 & emb$d$ my em]ald 9 ?is4 ,i !n br\ght ! em]ald ne> to ! vip]'s eyes4 ,! reptile 0 /rong & vigor\s1 & ev5 rais$ its head out ( ! vessel1 b z soon z ,i approa*$ ! em]ald to its eyes1 ,i he>d a slight crepitation & saw t ! eyes 7 protrud+ & dissolv+ into a humor4 ,aft] ?is ! vip] 0 daz$ & confus$2 ,i _h expect$ t x w\ld spr+ f ! vessel1 b x mov$ uneasily hi!r & ?i!r1 )\t kn[+ :i* way to turn2 all its agility 0 lo/1 & its re/less movem5ts soon ceas$4 ,wolfgang ,gabel*ov]1 9 8 comm5t>y on ! six? book ( ! treatise 8,de ,gemmis10 by ,&rea ,baccio1 gives ! foll[+ acc\nt ( a /range & tragic exp]i5ce 9 reg>d to a ruby3#bcb ,x is wor?y ( note t ! true ,ori5tal ruby1 by frequ5t *anges ( color & by gr[+ obscurity1 ann\nces to ! we>] "s imp5d+ mis=tune or calamity2 & ! obscurity & opacity is great] or less accord+ to ! ext5t ( ! com+ ill-=tune4 ,alas6 t :at ,i _h (t5 he>d proclaim$ by le>n$ m51 ,i %\ld myself exp]i5ce2 = z1 on ! fif? ( ,decemb]1 #afjj1 ,i 0 travell+ f ,/uttg>t to ,calw ) my belov$ wife ,ca!r9e ,adelmann ( pi\s memory1 ,i pla9ly obs]v$ 9 ! c\rse ( ! j\rney t a v beautiful ruby :i* %e _h giv5 me1 & :i* ,i wore on my h&1 set 9 a gold r+1 once & aga9 lo/ its spl5did color+ & became obscure1 *ang+ its brightness = a d>k hue4 ,?is d>k hue cont9u$ n = "o or two days only1 b s long t ,i 0 greatly t]rifi$1 &1 remov+ ! r+ f my f+]1 conceal$ x 9 a case4 ,:]e=e1 ,i repeat$ly w>n$ my wife t "s great calamity 0 imp5d+ ei!r = h] or = myself1 ! :i* ,i inf]r$ f ! *ange & v>iation ( ! ruby4 ,nor 0 ,i deceiv$1 = )9 a few days %e 0 seiz$ ) a dang]\s illness1 :i* result$ 9 h] dea?4 ,a /ory expla9+ "o at lea/ ( ^! suppos$ly om9\s *anges ( color 9 preci\s /ones1 is giv5 by ,johann ,jacob ,sp5]1 :o /ates t x 0 told him by a tru/wor?y in=mant3#bcc ,!re 0 a jewell]1 exp]t1 prud5t1 & ri*1 ?ree ess5tial qualities 9 a jewell]4 ,"o day1 aft] hav+ wa%$ 8 h&s1 ?is man sat at a table1 :51 glanc+ at a ruby r+ he wore on 8 f+]1 he rem>k$ t ! /one1 :i* usually delight$ ! eye ) its spl5dor1 _h lo/ its brilliancy & become dull4 ,s9ce he believ$ :at o!rs _h relat$ to him1 he 0 firmly p]suad$ t "s mis=tune ?reat5$ him1 &1 hav+ remov$ ! r+ f 8 f+]1 he plac$ x 9 its case4 ,a =tnight lat]1 "o ( ?is man's sons di$ ( v>ioloid4 ,rem9d$ by ?is ev5t ( ! ph5om5on obs]v$ 9 ! ruby1 ! jewell] took x f ! case & f\nd1 on exam9ation1 t x _h rega9$ its pri/9e brilliancy4 ,?is fact confirm$ him 9 8 belief 9 ! om9\s quality ( ! /one4 ,once m1 %ortly aft] wa%+ 8 h&s1 he rem>k$ anew t ! spl5dor ( ! ruby 0 dimm$1 & he aga9 fell a prey to anxiety1 le/ "s fre% mis=tune 0 imp5d+4 ,s9ce1 h[ev]1 8 appreh5sions prov$ va9 & no unt[>d ev5t happ5$1 he inve/igat$ ! matt] c>efully1 & discov]$ t ! obscuration ( ! color 0 due to a drop ( wat] :i* _h p5etrat$ betwe5 ! ruby & ! foil1 z ! jewell]s call x1 & t ! =m] brilliancy return$ :5 ! wat] _h evaporat$4 ,! om9\s "* ( ! onyx is especially not$ 9 ,arabic tradition1 z is %[n by ! ,arabic "n = ! /one1 el jaza1 8sadness40 ,! foll[+ passage f pseudo-,ari/otle (f]s an illu/ration ( ! /r5g? ( ?is prejudice aga9/ ! onyx1 :i* 0 said to come f ,*9a & ! ,magreb3#bcd ,^? :o are 9 ! l& ( ,*9a fe> ?is /one s mu* t !y dread to g into ! m9es :]e x occurs2 h5ce none b slaves & m5ials1 :o h no o!r means ( ga9+ a livelihood1 take ! /one f ! m9es4 ,:5 x has be5 extract$1 x is c>ri$ out ( ! c\ntry & sold 9 o!r l&s4 ,^? m5 ( ! ,magreb also :o are gift$ ) any wisdom w n we> an onyx or place x 9 _! treasuries4 ,inde$1 no "o is will+ to we> x1 unless he be b]eft ( 8 s5ses2 = :osoev] we>s x1 ei!r set 9 a r+ or 9 any o!r way1 w h fe>ful dreams & be torm5t$ by a multitude ( d\bts & appreh5sions2 he w also h _m disputes & lawsuits4 ,la/ly1 :oev] keeps an onyx 9 8 h\se1 or places x 9 a vessel1 or puts x 9 food or dr9k1 w suff] loss ( en]gy & capacity4 ,an om9\s "* 0 attribut$ to ! r$ coral1 especially ! m highly color$ v>ieties4 ,if worn s t ! sub/ance came 9 direct contact ) ! sk91 x 0 ass]t$ t ! color w\ld pale1 ! coral also los+ its brightness if ! we>] became ill1 or ev5 if he 7 only ?reat5$ ) sev]e illness4 ,! same effect 0 said to be induc$ if "s deadly poison _h be5 tak54 ,c>dano writes t he m ?an once obs]v$ ?is ph5om5on1 & he ?9ks t 9 ^! cases1 :]e ! we>] 0 n yet attack$ by disease1 its ?reat5+ 8vapor10 ?\gh n /rong en\gh to provoke decid$ symptoms 9 ! human body1 0 suffici5tly p[]ful to (fset ! m delicate & subtle ess5ce ( ! m9]al sub/ance4 ,( c\rse1 = u ! m9]al w\ld be mu* less s5sitive ?an fle% & blood1 b ! sixte5? c5tury writ]s1 & to a /ill great] degree ^? ( an e>li] "t1 attribut$ to /ones n only life 9 a g5]al way1 b old age1 disease1 & dea?1 9 a v positive s5se4#bce ,rabb9ical tradition tells ( a wond]ful lum9\s /one plac$ by ,noah 9 ! ,ark4 ,?is /one %one m brilliantly by day ?an by night1 & s]v$ to di/+ui% ! day f ! night :51 dur+ ! flood1 nei!r sun nor moon c\ld be se54#bcf ,accord+ to ano!r ,jewi% leg5d1 ,abraham is said to h built a city = ! six sons ,hag> bore to him4 ,! wall ) :i* ?is city 0 surr\nd$ 0 s l(ty t ! light ( ! sun 0 cut (f1 & to (fset ?is ,abraham gave to 8 sons enorm\s preci\s /ones & pe>ls4 ,^! exce$$ ! sun 9 brightness1 & w be us$ 9 ! "t ( ! ,messiah4#bcg lian relates ! foll[+ tale ( a lum9\s /one4 ,a woman ( ,t>5tum1 nam$ ,h]acleis1 :o 0 a patt]n ( ! dome/ic virtues1 lo/ h] husb& & m\rn$ s9c]ely = him4 ,h] grief made h] compassionate1 = :5 a "y /ork j le>n+ to fly lo/ its /r5g? & fell to ! gr\nd be=e h]1 ,h]acleis pick$ up ! helpless bird & t5d$ x c>efully until its /r5g? return$ & x 0 able to fly away4 ,a ye> lat]1 :5 ! woman 0 outside ! h\se enjoy+ ! bright w>m sun%9e1 %e saw a /ork fly+ t[>d h]4 ,z ! bird pass$ ov] h] head1 x let fall a preci\s /one into h] lap4 ,h]acleis took ! /one ) h] into ! h\se1 feel+ by an infallible in/9ct t ! /ork :i* _h dropp$ x 0 ! "o %e _h c>$ = 9 ! previ\s ye>4 ,dur+ ! night %e woke up1 & 0 a/oni%$ to see t ! room 0 light$ up z ?\gh by _m tor*es1 ! radiance proce$+ f ! /one be/[$ by ! /ork z a pro( ( its gratitude4#bch ,9 ,g]man1 ! /one call$ ,donn]keil 7?und]bolt7 has sev]al synonyms2 among ^! is ,/or*/e9 78/ork-/one074 ,x is evid5t t ! /one ( ,h]acleis 0 id5tical ) ! preci\s & brilliant v>iety ( c]auni m5tion$ by ,pl9y1 8:i* drew to !mselves ! radiance ( ! />s40 ,! fla%+ & ruddy light ( ! ruby sugge/$ an igne\s orig91 & induc$ ! belief t rubies 7 g5]at$ by a fire f heav51--9 o!r words1 by ! lightn+ fla%4#bci ,! analogy betwe5 ! flame ( a lamp or ! gl[ ( a burn+ coal & ! radiance ( a ruby1 sugge/$ "s ( ! names giv5 to ?is /one1 or ^? resembl+ x 9 color1 z1 = in/ance1 ! ,greek an?rax & ! ,lat9 c>bunculus & ly*nis4 ,probably ! fancy t su* /ones 7 lum9\s 9 ! d>k 0 no?+ m ?an ! logical result ( ! quasi-id5tification ( !m ) fire 9 "s ( its manife/ations4 ,/ill1 x is a well-kn[n fact t "s /ones possess a high degree ( phosphoresc5ce4 ,?is circum/ance mu/ h be5 obs]v$ by *ance1 & may h _h some?+ to d ) ! leg5ds ( lum9\s /ones1 al?\gh ?is peculi>ity is n *>act]i/ic ( ! ruby4 ,accord+ to ,pl9y1 ! ly*nis1 p]haps a sp9el1 0 s call$ a luc]n>um acc5su 7f ! light+1 or ! light1 ( lamps74 ,! au?or ( ! poem 8,li?ica0 says t ! diamond 7adamas71 l ! cry/al1 :5 plac$ on an alt>1 s5t =? a flame )\t ! aid ( fire4#bdj ,if ?is did n ref] to ! use ( rock-cry/al z a burn+-glass1 we might see 9 ! passage an indication t ! phosphoresc5ce ( ! diamond _h already be5 not$ be=e ! second or ?ird c5tury ( our era4 ,f ! ,lydian riv] ,tmolus a m>vell\s /one 0 tak5 :i* 0 said to *ange color f\r times a day4 ,?is surpasses ! prop]ties ( ! 8saphire m]veilleux0 :i* *ang$ its hue at night4 ,only innoc5t "y girls c\ld f9d ! ,lydian /one1 & :ile !y wore x !y 7 def5d$ f outrage4#bda ,is x possible t ! anci5t writ] int5d$ to h9t at ! prov]bial fickl5ess ( woman1 :5 /at+ t ?is *angeable /one c\ld only be discov]$ by "o ( ! fair sex8 ,! temple ( ! ,syrian goddess ,a/>te conta9$ an image ( ?is div9ity cr[n$ ) a diadem 9 :i* 0 set a lum9\s /one4 ,su* 0 ! spl5dor ( ! light emitt$ by ?is gem t ! :ole sanctu>y 0 light$ up z ?\gh ) a myriad ( lamps4 ,inde$1 ! /one itself bore ! "n ly*nos 78lamp074 ,9 ! daytime ?is light 0 fa9t]1 b 0 /ill v noticeable1 z a fi]y gl[4#bdb ,two fabul\s /ones are not$ by pseudo-,ari/otle1 & "o ( ^!1 ! 8sleep+-/one10 mu/ h possess$ m>vell\s soporific p[]4 ,x 0 a lum9\s /one ( a bright ruddy hue1 & %one 9 ! d>kness ) a bright light4 ,if a small quantity ( ?is /one 7 hung ab\t a p]son's neck1 he w\ld sleep un9t]rupt$ly = ?ree days & nights1 &1 :5 awak5$ on ! f\r? day1 he w\ld /ill be almo/ ov]come by sleep4 ,! o!r /one1 ( a gre5i% hue1 _h ! opposite quality & induc$ prolong$ wakefulness2 s long z x 0 worn1 sleep 0 bani%$4 ,our au?or gravely /ates t 8"s m5 :o mu/ wat* at night suff] greatly f lack ( sleep40 ,if1 h[ev]1 !y wore ! 8wak+-/one10 !y suff]$ no inconv5i5ce f _! en=c$ vigils4#bdc ,evid5tly ?is /one w\ld be a preci\s possession = night-wat*m51 & a m satisfactory gu>antee = _! employ]s ?an 8timeclocks0 or o!r te/s ( wakefulness4 ,9 8 comm5t>y on ,m>bodus1 ,al>dus ( ,am/]dam relates ! hi/ory ( a wond]ful lum9\s /one1 a 8*rysolampis10 :i*1 ) _m o!r preci\s /ones1 0 set 9 a m>vell\s gold5 tablet d$icat$ to ,/4 ,adelb]t1 apo/le ( ! ,frisians & patron ( ! t[n ( ,egmund 7d4 #gbj-gcj71 by ,hildeg>d1 wife ( ,!odoric1 ,c\nt ( ,holl&4 ,! gift 0 made to ! ,abbey ( ,egmund1 :]e ! sa9t's body repos$4 ,al>dus tells u t ! 8*rysolampis0 %one s brightly t :5 ! monks 7 call$ to ! *apel 9 ! night-"t1 !y c\ld read ! ,h\rs )\t any o!r light4 ,?is wond]ful /one 0 /ol5 by "o ( ! monks1 :om ,al>dus t]ms 8! mo/ rapaci\s creature :o ev] w5t on two legs02 b1 fe>+ to keep s valuable a gem ) him1 he ca/ x into ! sea & x 0 nev] recov]$4#bdd ,/range tales 7 told ( a lum9\s 8c>buncle0 on ! %r9e ( ,/4 ,elizabe? 7d4 #abca7 at ,m>burg4 ,?is /one 0 set above ! /atuette ( ! ,virg91 & x 0 said to emit fi]y rays at night4 ,h[ev]1 ,creuz] in=ms u t x 0 only a v brilliant rock cry/al ( a yell[i%-:ite hue4 ,! %r9e 0 an elaborate "w ( art 9 silv] gilt1 & 0 lit]ally cov]$ ) preci\s /ones to ! numb] ( #hbd1 besides two l>ge pe>ls & a great _m small] ones4 ,all ^! gems 7 /ripp$ f _! sett+s :5 ! %r9e 0 tak5 f ,m>burg to ,cassel 9 #ahaj4bde ,at ! ,dusseldorf ,exhibition ( #ahia1 ! writ] saw :at 0 call$ 8,! ,r+ ( ,/4 ,elizabe?10 purport+ to be set ) h] miracul\sly lum9\s ruby4 ,! /one 9 ! sett+ prov$1 h[ev]1 to be a l>ge almo/ flat c>buncle g>net ( no great brilliancy1 set 9 a n>r[ rim ( gold4 ,aft] not+ ! reports ( m$ieval travell]s reg>d+ ! wond]ful lum9\s rubies ( ! sov]eigns ( ,pegu & repeat+ ! tale t ! night 0 illum9$ by _! spl5dor1 ,cle&ro ,arnobio adds t x did n appe> t any su* rubies 7 to be f\nd 9 8 day4 ,nev]!less1 he _h he>d f an ecclesia/ic ( a c]ta9 jewel t %one brightly at night4 ,?is /one1 h[ev]1 0 n a ruby1 b 0 ( a pale citron hue1 & h5ce ,arnobio incl9es to believe t x 0 ei!r a topaz or a yell[ diamond4#bdf ,?is probably ref]s to ! ,m>burg 8c>buncle40 ,! lum9\s 8ruby0 ( ! ,k+ ( ,ceylon is not$ by ,*au ,ju-,kua1#bdg a ,*9ese writ] ( ab\t ! middle ( ! ?irte5? c5tury & h5ce a contempor>y ( ! ,arab ,teifa%i4 ,he says3 8,! k+ holds 9 8 h& a jewel five in*es 9 diamet]1 :i* _c be burn$ by fire1 & :i* %9es 9 ! night l a tor*40 ,?is gigantic lum9\s gem 0 also believ$ to possess ! virtues ( an elixir ( y\?1 = we are told t ! k+ rubb$ 8 face ) x daily & by ?is means w\ld reta9 8 y\?ful looks ev5 %\ld he live m ?an n9ety ye>s4 ,! glories ( ,emp]or ,manuel's 7ca4 #aabj-aahj7 ?rone are celebrat$ by ! ,hebrew travell] ,b5jam9 ( ,tudela1 :o visit$ ,con/ant9ople 9 #aafa ,a4,d4 ,?is spl5did ?rone 0 ( gold /udd$ ) preci\s /ones &1 susp5d$ f ! canopy by gold *a9s1 hung a magnific5t gold5 cr[n set ) jewels ( incalculable value & s bright & sp>kl+ t _! glitt] r5d]$ ne$less any o!r illum9ation at night4#bdh ,:5 ,h5ry ,,ii ( ,france 7#aeai-aeei7 made 8 solemn entry into ! city ( ,b\logne1 a /rang] f ,india pres5t$ to ! sov]eign a lum9\s /one4 ,x 0 r s(t1 _h a fi]y brilliance1 & c\ld n be t\*$ ) impunity4 ,accord+ to ,de ,?\1 ?is /ory 0 v\*$ = by ,j4 ,pip91 :o saw ! /one himself & describ$ x 9 a lett] to ,anto9e ,mizauld1 a writ] on occult !mes1 well kn[n 9 8 day4#bdi ,al?\gh ,g>cias ab ,orta did n believe 9 ! tales curr5t 9 8 "t reg>d+ lum9\s rubies1 he relates a /ory ( su* a /one told to him by a gem-deal]4 ,?is man /at$ t he _h pur*as$ a numb] ( f9e b small rubies f ,ceylon1 & _h spread !m out ov] a table4 ,:5 he ga!r$ !m up aga91 "o ( ! /ones rema9$ hidd5 9 a fold ( ! table-clo?4 ,9 ! night he rem>k$ some?+ l a flame emanat+ f ! table4 ,light+ a c&le1 he approa*$ ! table & f\nd !re ! small ruby2 :5 ?is 0 remov$ & ! c&le ext+ui%$1 ! light 0 no long] visible4 ,g>cias admits t ! gem-deal]s 7 fond ( tell+ good /ories1 b he concludes ) ! dictum1 8we mu/ tru/ 9 !m nev]!less40#bej ,n only ! ruby1 b ! em]ald also _h ! reputation ( be+ a lum9\s /one1 =1 besides ! %9+ 8em]ald0 pill> 9 ! temple ( ,melk>t at ,tyre1 ,pl9y records ! tale ( a m>ble lion1 ) eyes ( gleam+ em]alds1 :i* 0 set ov] ! tomb ( 8a petty k+ call$ ,h]mias40 ,?is tomb 0 on ! coa/1 & ! fla%+ light f ! em]ald eyes fright5$ away ! tunny-fi%1 to ! great loss ( ! fi%]m54#bea ,:e!r ! eyes ( ! magnific5t *ryselephant9e /atue ( ,a!ne by ,phidias 7 suppos$ to be lum9\s we d n "k1 b !y 7 incru/$ ) preci\s /ones4#beb ,! collection ( works by ! ,engli% al*emi/s1 publi%$ by ,elias ,a%mole1 conta9s ! tale ( a wor?y p>son :o liv$ 9 a little t[n ne> ,london1 & :o wi%$ to immortalize himself by build+ across ! ,?ames a bridge :i* w\ld always be light$ at night4 ,aft] relat+ sev]al exp$i5ts :i* sugge/$ !mselves to him1 ! poet cont9ues3 ,at ! la/e he ?\ght to make ! light1 ,= ! ,bridge to %9e by nighte1 ,) ,c>buncle ,/ones1 to make m5 wond]1 ,) d\ble reflexion above & "u3 ,!n new ?\ght tr\bl$ 8 ,m9de ,c>buncle ,/ones h[ he might f9de2 ,& :]e to f9d wise m5 & trewe1 ,:i* w\ld = 8 int]e/ pursue1 ,9 seek+ all ! ,worlde ab\t1 ,pl5ty ( ,c>buncles to f9d out2 ,= ?is he took s mickle ?\ght1 ,t 8 fatt fle% wa/$ nigh to naught4#bec ,x is sc>cely necess>y to add t ! poor p>son nev] realiz$ 8 dream1 b ! /ory %[s h[ popul> 0 ! belief t c>buncles or rubies %one ) _! own light4 ,a lum9\s or phosphoresc5t /one1 :i* has be5 nam$ ! ,bologna /one1 is ! subject ( a treatise publi%$ by ! physician ,m5tzel 9 #afge4bed ,! writ] describes v>i\s exp]im5ts made to te/ ! peculi> qualities ( ?is m9]al1 :i* is p>tly a radiat$ or cry/all9e sulphate ( b>ytes1 & phosphoresces :5 calc9$4 ,x 0 sometimes call$ ! 8lun> /one0 7lapis lun>is71 because1 l ! moon1 x gave out 9 ! d>kness ! light x receiv$ f ! sun4 ,m5tzel also relates t ! /one 0 fir/ discov]$1 9 #afjd1 by ,v9c5zio ,casscioroli1 an adept 9 al*emy1 :o believ$ t x w\ld be a great aid 9 ! transmutation ( ! bas] metals into gold1 on acc\nt ( its sol> quality4 ,! place ( its occurr5ce 0 ,monte ,pat]no1 ne> ,bologna1 :]e x appe>$ 9 ! fissures ( ! m\nta91 aft] torr5tial ra9s4 ,illu/ration3 ,,title ,,page ,,( ,,rob]t ,,boyle',s ,,"w ,,on ,,! ,,orig9 ,,& ,,virtues ,,( ,,gems4 ,pr9t$ 9 ,cologne 9 #afhj4 ,! v>i\s ph5om5a ( fluoresc5ce & phosphoresc5ce und\bt$ly expla9 "s at lea/ ( ! leg5ds reg>d+ lum9\s /ones1 sup]/ition or fantasy hav+ "h z 9 mo/ o!r cases a c]ta9 sub/ratum ( fact4 ,?is class ( physical ph5om5a has be5 made ! subject ( special inve/igation by ! au?or1 z _m z #ac1jjj specim5s ( v>i\s m9]als hav+ be5 subject$ to ! mo/ se>*+ te/s 9 ord] to det]m9e _! qualities 9 ?is respect4#bee ,8 int]e/ 9 ?is field ( rese>* 0 greatly /imulat$ by a =tuit\s happ5+4 ,9 #ahia 8 wife1 :ile hang+ up a g[n 9 a closet "o ev5+1 saw t ! diamond 9 a r+ %e 0 we>+ gave (f a fa9t /reak ( light :i* 0 v noticeable 9 ! d>k1 & ?is fact l$ to a long s]ies ( exp]im5ts on ! fluoresc5ce1 phosphoresc5ce1 & tribolum9esc5ce ( ! diamond4#bef ,m ?an two c5turies be=e1 ,rob]t ,boyle made a simil> set ( exp]im5ts at night ) a diamond :i* mu/ h be5 an ,indian /one1 & :i* he describes z table cut1 ab\t "o-?ird ( an in* long & some:at less 9 wid?2 he rem>ks t x 0 a dull /one ( v bad wat]1 hav+ a blemi% ) a :iti% cl\d cov]+ ne>ly a ?ird ( ! /one4#beg ,! 8,j\rnal des ,savans0 = #agci gives c]ta9 te/s ( ! lum9\s quality ( diamonds made by ,mons4 ,du ,fay4 ,9 ord] successfully to obs]ve ?is ph5om5on1 he prescribes t ! exp]im5t] %all rema9 9 a d>k5$ room = fifte5 m9utes1 tak+ ! additional precaution ( clos+ "o or bo? ( 8 eyes4 ,! diamond to be te/$ %\ld be expos$ to ! sun's rays1 or to /rong daylight1 = less ?an a m9ute1 & :5 tak5 into d>kness ! lum9osity1 if obs]vable1 la/s twelve or ?irte5 m9utes at longe/4 ,n all diamonds %[ ?is quality1 & no?+ 9 _! =m or appe>ance s]ves to det]m9e _! possession ( x4 ,h[ev]1 ,mons4 du ,fay obs]v$ t ! yell[ diamonds1 ( :i* he tri$ a consid]able numb]1 7 lum9\s4 ,a s+le em]ald1 out ( tw5ty t 7 te/$1 prov$ to be lum9\s4#beh ,illu/ration3 #a4 ,self-pr9t ( upp] diamond ( ,no4 #d by phosphoresc5ce1 produc$ by rubb+ briskly ) /ick cov]$ by wool5 clo?4 ,exposure "o-half m9ute4 #b4 ,self-pr9t1 bo? diamonds1 aft] "o m9ute's exposure to ultra-violet light1 electric action elim9at$4 #c4 ,self-pr9t1 upp] diamond4 ,exposure "o-f\r? m9ute4 #d4 ,upp]3 blue-:ite ,tiffanyite diamond1 #ad4hf c>ats2 ,bagagem ,m9e1 ,brazil4 ,l[]3 purple-black diamond1 #ac4ce c>ats2 ,brazil4 #e4 ,self-pr9t1 bo? diamonds2 diff]5t position4 #f4 ,aspect ( bo? diamonds 7,no4 #d71 "o m9ute's exposure1 ultra-violet light2 blue-:ite phosphoresc+ :ite1 purple-black hav+ r$ gl[4 ,boyle's exp]im5ts l$ to ! discov]y t "s diamonds1 :5 rubb$ aga9/ wood or o!r h>d sub/ances1 & ev5 aga9/ clo? or silk1 w emit a ray ( light :i* seems to foll[ !m2 ?is is :at is call$ tribolum9esc5ce4 ,! p[] ( absorb+ sunlight or artificial light & !n giv+ x (f 9 ! d>k is only possess$ by c]ta9 diamonds4 ,^! are ,brazilian /ones1 slightly milky 9 t9t1 or blue-:ite z !y are (t5 t]m$1 & x is an includ$ sub/ance & n ! diamond itself t possesses ! p[] ( /or+ up light & !n giv+ x out4 ,willemite1 kunzite1 sphal]ite 7sulphide ( z9c7 & "s o!r m9]als possess ! same p[]4 ,_! peculi> prop]ty may be due to ! pres5ce ( a slight quantity ( manganese or to t ( "s ( ! uranium salts4 ,t x is only ! ultra-violet rays t are ?us absorb$ by ^! diamonds is prov$ by ! fact t ! ph5om5on is n obs]vable :5 a ?9 plate ( glass is int]pos$ betwe5 ! sunlight or artificial light & ! diamond1 z glass is n trav]s$ by ^! rays4 ,! /ill undet]m9$ sub/ance to ^: pres5ce 9 diamonds ( ?is type ! special class ( ph5om5a mu/ be due1 0 nam$ by ! au?or tiffanyite1 9 honor ( ! late ,*>les ,l4 ,tiffany 7#ahab-aijb71 f\nd] ( ! firm ( ,tiffany ,company4#bei ,on ! o!r h& all diamonds phosphoresce :5 expos$ to ! rays ( radium1 polonium1 or act9ium1 ev5 :5 glass is int]pos$4 ,treat+ ( "s ( ! aspects ( phosphoresc5ce 9 diamonds1 ,sir ,william ,crookes says3#bfj ,9 a vacuum1 expos$ to a high-t5sion curr5t ( electricity1 diamonds phosphoresce ( diff]5t col\rs1 mo/ ,s\? ,african diamonds %9+ ) a blui% light4 ,diamonds f o!r localities emit bright blue1 apricot1 pale blue1 r$1 yell[i%-gre51 orange1 & pale gre5 light4 ,! mo/ phosphoresc5t diamonds are ^? :i* are fluoresc5t 9 ! sun4 ,"o beautiful gre5 diamond 9 my collection1 :5 phosphoresc+ 9 a good vacuum1 gives almo/ z mu* light z a c&le1 & y c easily read by its rays4 ,b ! "t has h>dly come :5 diamonds c be us$ z dome/ic illum9ants6 ,by p]mission ( ,mrs4 ,kunz1 wife ( ! well-kn[n ,new ,york m9]alogi/1 ,i w %[ y p]haps ! mo/ rem>kable ( all phosphoresc+ diamonds4 ,?is prodigy diamond w phosphoresce 9 ! d>k = "s m9utes aft] be+ expos$ to a small pocket electric light1 & if rubb$ on a piece ( clo? a long /reak ( phosphoresc5ce appe>s4 ,! lum9esc5ce produc$ by heat is wond]fully m>k$ 9 ! case ( *lorophane1 a v>iety ( fluorite4 ,a ,sib]ian specim5 ( a pale violet color emitt$ a :ite light m]ely f ! heat ( ! h&2 boil+ wat] caus$ x to give out a gre5 light1 :i* 0 s greatly int5sifi$ :5 ! specim5 re/$ on a live coal t ! radiance c\ld be disc]n$ f a consid]able di/ance4 ,simil> ph5om5a 7 obs]vable 9 ! case ( *lorophane f ,amelia ,c\rt ,h\se1 ,va41 & ! writ] f\nd t specim5s f ?is s\rce also exhibit$ /rong tribolum9esc5ce1 result+ ei!r f contact ) "o ano!r1 or ) any h>d sub/ance4#bfa ,z ! t]ms fluoresc5ce & phosphoresc5ce are sometimes r c>elessly employ$1 x may be well to note "h t :ile bo? t]ms are us$ to d5ote ! lum9esc5ce ( a non-lum9\s body result+ f ! action ( light rays1 ( ! electric curr5t1 or ( radiant en]gy ( any k9d1 z well z f heat1 fluoresc5ce signifies a lum9osity :i* only cont9ues s long z ! excit+ cause is pres5t1 :ile phosphoresc5ce means a lum9osity p]si/+ = a long] or %ort] p]iod aft] ! excit+ cause has ceas$ to op]ate directly4 ,! latt] t]m !re=e d5otes a lum9\s en]gy /or$ up 9 ! =m]ly non-lum9\s body & emitt$ by x = a c]ta9 "t1 at ! expiration ( :i* x aga9 becomes non-lum9\s4 ,o!r special designations ( induc$ lum9osity 9 m9]als are tribolum9esc5ce1 ! emission ( light z a result ( friction & !rmolum9esc5ce1 a t]m us$ to d5ote light-emission excit$ by mod]ate heat+1 ev5 by ! w>m? ( ! h&4 ,an old treatise 9 ,greek1 said 9 its title to come f 8! sanctu>y ( ! temple10 & conta9+ mat]ial1 p>tly ( ,egyptian orig91 may help u to und]/& some?+ ( ! processes employ$ by a temple prie/ to impress ! common p by ! sight ( lum9\s gems4 ,! writ] ( ! treatise decl>es t = ! production ( 8! c>buncle t %9es 9 ! night0 use 0 made ( c]ta9 p>ts 7he says 8! bile07 ( m>9e animals ^: entrails1 scales & bones exhibit$ ! ph5om5on ( phosphoresc5ce4 ,if prop]ly treat$1 preci\s /ones 7pref]ably c>buncles7 w\ld gl[ s brightly at night 8t anyone own+ su* a /one c\ld read or write by its light z well z he c\ld by daylight40#bfb ,9 ! ,annales de ,*imie et ,physique1 ! great ,fr5* *emi/1 ,m4 ,b]!lot1 discusses ?is matt] & expresses ! foll[+ op9ion#bfc 8,! texts leave no room = d\bt z to ! employm5t by ! anci5ts ( preci\s /ones r5d]$ phosphoresc5t 9 ! d>k by ! sup]ficial application ( t9ctures compos$ ( mat]ials ^: phosphoresc5t quality is kn[n to u4 ,al?\gh ?is lum9esc5ce1 due to an application ( organic oxidizable mat]ials1 c\ld n well be durable1 /ill x might be made to la/ sev]al h\rs1 p]haps sev]al days1 & x c\ld always be r5ew$ by repeat+ ! application40 ,! use ( jewell$ ornam5ts to height5 by _! lum9osity 9 obscurity or 9 d>kness ! effect produc$ by a sacr$ image1 & to /imulate religi\s awe 9 ! behold]1 is te/ifi$ to by ! ultra-,prote/ant travell]1 ,fynes ,moryson1 ,g5t41 :o w5t to ,italy 9 #aeid4 ,( 8 visit to ! ,santa ,casa 9 ,loreto1 he says t he himself & two ,dut*m51 8 companions1 7 p]mitt$ to ent] ! inn] *apel ( ! sanctu>y1 8:]e10 he proce$s1 8we did see ! ,virg9's picture1 adorn$ ) preti\s ,jewels1 & ! place 7to increase religi\s horror7 be+ d>ke1 yet ! ,jewels %9$ by ! light ( wax c&les40 ,al?\gh !re is no "q "h ( naturally lum9\s gems1 ?is might h be5 ! impression produc$ ^u a m sympa!tic pilgrim4#bfd ,writ+ ( ! traditions 9 reg>d to lum9\s /ones1 ,sir ,ri*>d ,f4 ,burton says1 8,!re may be a basis ( fact to ?is fancy1 ! abnormal effect ( preci\s /ones ^u mesm]ic s5sitives40#bfe ,h[ev]1 :ile "s in/ances are record$ ( psy*ic impression produc$ by preci\s /ones on ! m9ds ( p]sons possess+ a highly s5sitive n]v\s sy/em1 x seems likely t "s leg5ds ( lum9\s /ones _h _! orig9 9 ! refractive p[]s ( cut gems1 by means ( :i* a dim & di/ant light w\ld be reflect$ f ! surface ( ! /ones & w\ld seem to spr+ f !m4 ,q possibly1 9 o!r in/ances1 !re 0 a disposition to cat] to ! popul> belief by plac+ a light s t ! hidd5 beams trav]s$ ! /one & appe>$ to emanate f x4 ,,vi ,on ,cry/al ,balls & ,cry/al ,gaz+ ,we h evid5ce ( ! use ( cry/al balls z means ( div9ation 9 m$ieval times1 & 8scry+0 9 "s ( its _m =ms 0 by no means r>e 9 ! ,greek & ,roman p]iods4 ,! ess5tial requisite = ! ex]cise ( ?is species ( div9ation is a poli%$ surface ( "s sort ^u :i* ! scry] %all gaze int5tly2 = ?is purpose mirrors1 globules ( lead or quicksilv]1 poli%$ /eel1 ! surface ( wat]1 & ev5 pools ( ink1 h be5 employ$ & h be5 f\nd to insure q z satisfactory results z ! cry/al ball4 ,! po9ts ( light reflect$ f ! poli%$ surface 7po9ts de repre7 s]ve to attract ! att5tion ( ! gaz] & to fix ! eye until1 gradually1 ! optic n]ve becomes s fatigu$ t x f9ally ceases to transmit to ! s5sorium ! impression made f )\t & beg9s to respond to ! reflex action proce$+ f ! bra9 ( ! gaz]4 ,9 ?is way ! impression receiv$ f )9 is app>5tly project$ & seems to come f )\t4 ,x is easy to und]/& t ! results mu/ v>y accord+ to ! idiosyncrasy ( ! v>i\s scry]s2 = ev]y?+ dep5ds ^u ! s5sitiv5ess ( ! optic n]ve4 ,9 _m cases ! effect ( prolong$ gaz+ ^u ! brilliant surface w simply produce a loss ( sight1 ! optic n]ve w be tempor>ily p>alyz$ & w z little respond to /imulation f )9 z f )\t2 9 o!r cases1 h[ev]1 ! n]ve w be only dead5$ z reg>ds ext]nal impressions1 :ile reta9+ suffici5t activity to react aga9/ a /imulus f ! bra9 c5tres4 ,x is almo/ inv>iably /at$ t1 prior to ! appe>ance ( ! desir$ visions1 ! cry/al seems to disappe> & a mi/ rises be=e ! gaz]'s eye4 ,illu/ration3 ,,rock-,,cry/al ,,ball ,,p5etrat$ ,,by ,,cry/als ,,( ,,rutile4 ,,madagasc>4 ,! ,a*aians1 z ,pausanius relates1 frequ5tly us$ a mirror to div9e diseases or to le>n :e!r !re 0 dang] ( sudd5 dea?4 ,( ! ,temple ( ,demet]1 or ,c]es1 at ,patras1 he writes3#bff ,9 front ( ! temple ( ,demet] !re is a well4 ,a /one wall sep>ates ?is well f ! temple1 b /eps lead d[n to x f ! outside4 ,"h !re is an infallible oracle1 al?\gh x does n answ] all que/ions1 b only ^? t\*+ diseases4 ,!y atta* a sl5d] cord to a mirror & let x d[n into ! well1 balanc+ x c>efully s t ! wat] does n cov] ! face1 b only t\*es ! rim4 ,!n1 aft] mak+ a pray] to ! goddess & burn+ inc5se to h]1 !y look into ! mirror1 & x %[s :e!r ! sick p]son w die or recov]4 ,su* is ! p[] ( tru? 9 ?is wat]4 ,?is sacr$ well ) its oracle ( ! magic mirror mu/ h be5 9 ,lucian's m9d :51 9 8 description ( ! palace ( ! ,moon-,k+1 he says3#bfg ,ano!r wond]ful ?+ ,i saw 9 ! palace4 ,susp5d$ ov] a r %all[ well !re is a l>ge mirror1 & anyone :o goes d[n into ?is well w he> e ^w t is spok5 on e>?1 :ile1 if he gazes on ! mirror1 he w see !re e city & e nation j z cle>ly z ?\gh he 7 look+ d[n ^u !m f a slight elevation4 ,at ! "t ,i 0 !re1 ,i saw my native c\ntry & its inhabitants4 ,:e!r ,i myself 0 se5 by !m 9 turn1 ,i am n sure4 ,lucian adds1 ) a f9e t\* ( irony1 8,anyone :o d\bts ?is ass]tion ne$s only to g !re himself & he w f9d out t ,i speak ! tru?40 ,z no "o has yet made a trip to ! moon1 ! ass]tion is /ill uncontradict$4 ,9 _! religi\s leg5ds ! anci5t ,mexicans taught t _! god ,tezcatlipuco _h a magic mirror 9 :i* he saw ev]y?+ t happ5$ 9 ! _w4#bfh ,he 0 sometimes nam$ ,necocyautl1 8s[] ( discord10 because he (t5 /irr$ up w> & /rife among m51 b he 0 also "l ( ri*es & prosp]ity1 :i* he be/[$ & took away aga9 at 8 w4 ,to ! influ5ce ( ?is div9ity 7 attribut$ _m om5s & c]ta9 /range visions1 ann\nc$ by repeat$ knock+s4#bfi ,9 ! ,orphic poem 8,li?ica10 a magic sph]e ( /one is describ$4 ,! sub/ance is call$ 8sid]itis0 or 8ophitis10 & is said to be black1 r\nd1 & heavy2 possibly "s metal1 r ?an a /one1 is designat$ by ^! names4 ,hel5us1 ! ,trojan soo?say]1 is said to h us$ ?is sph]e to =etell ! d[nfall ( 8 native city4 ,he fa/$ = tw5ty-"o days & !n wrapp$ ! sph]e 9 s(t g>m5ts1 l an infant1 & (f]$ sacrifices to x until1 by ! magic ( 8 pray]s1 8a liv+ s\l w>m$ ! preci\s sub/ance40 ,a /range v>iety ( div9ation by means ( mirrors plac$ on ! heads ( boys1 :o1 ) eyes bl9dfold$1 7 suppos$ to p]ceive =ms or signs ( "s description 9 ! mirrors1 is not$ by ,sp>tianus 9 8 life ( ! ,emp]or ,didius ,julianus 7ca4 #acc-aic74 ,?is rul] is said to h resort$ to ?is =m ( div9ation1 & ! boy entru/$ ) ! task is ass]t$ to h ann\nc$ ! approa*+ accession ( ,septimius ,sev]us 7#adf-baa7 & ! de?ronem5t ( ,didius ,julianus4#bgj ,an indication t ! usage ( div9ation by means ( a silv] cup exi/$ among ! primitive ,hebrews has be5 f\nd 9 ! /ory ( ,joseph & 8 bre?r54 ,9 ,g5esis xliv1 #a-e1 we read t ,joseph conceal$ a silv] cup 9 ! sack ( gra9 borne away by ,b5jam91 mak+ ( ?is a pretext = requir+ ! return ( 8 bre?r54 ,he s5t mess5g]s to ov]take !m & direct$ !m to dem& ! return ( ! cup1 us+ ^! words3 8,is n ?is x 9 :i* my "l dr9ke?1 & :]eby inde$ he div9e?80 ,! ,arabic au?or1 ,haly ,ab\ ,gef>1 tells ( a gold5 ball us$ by 8! ,magi1 foll[]s ( ,zoroa/]10 9 _! incantations4 ,x 0 incru/$ ) cele/ial symbols & set ) a sapphire1 & "o ( ^! magicians1 aft] atta*+ x to a /rip ( bullhide1 swung x ar\nd1 recit+ at ! same "t v>i\s spells & incantations4#bga ,probably ! magician1 by fix+ 8 gaze ^u ! brilliant revolv+ sph]e1 gradually fell into a hypnotic trance1 dur+ :i* visions appe>$ to him4 ,^! he c\ld aft]w>d int]pret to ^? :o _h s\ght 8 aid to read ! future1 or obta9 in=mation reg>d+ ?+s t 7 happ5+ f> away4 ,an important side-light on ! beliefs ( ,we/]n ,europe1 9 ! fif? c5tury1 reg>d+ cry/al-gaz+1 is af=d$ by "o ( ! canons ( ! synod held ab\t #dej ,a4,d4 by ,/4 ,patrick & ! bi%ops ,auxilius & ,iss]nanus4 ,"h x is decre$ t any ,*ri/ian :o believes !re is a ,lamia 7or wit*7 9 ! mirror is to be ana!matiz$1 & is n to be aga9 receiv$ into ! ,*ur* unless he %all h r5\nc$ ?is belief & %all h dilig5tly p]=m$ ! p5ance impos$ ^u him4#bgb ,9 ?is case1 z 9 _m o!rs1 ! vision 9 ! cry/al or mirror did n repres5t "s =m] or contemporane\s happ5+1 b ! figure ( an evil _s1 :o1 ei!r by signs or words1 imp>t$ to ! scry] ! in=mation he 0 seek+4 ,! p[] to see images ( evil spirits on ! surface ( wat] 0 claim$ by ^? call$ hydromantii 9 ! n9? c5tury4 ,?is is atte/$ 9 a "w compos$ ab\t #hfj ,a4,d4 by ,h9cm>1 ,ar*bi%op ( ,rheims1 :o *>act]izes ! suppos$ appe>ances z 8images or deceptions ( ! demons40 ,^! div9]s ass]t$ t !y receiv$ audible communications f ! spirits1 & !y !re=e evid5tly believ$ t ! appe>ances 7 realities4#bgc ,al?\gh1 z we h se51 _m diff]5t mat]ials 7 us$ = scry+1 ! pref]5ce 0 (t5 giv5 to poli%$ sph]es ( b]yl2 9 mod]n times1 h[ev]1 ! rock-cry/al is consid]$ ! be/ adapt$ = ! purpose4 ,9 8 introduction to 8,cry/al ,gaz+10 by ,n4 ,w4 ,?omas1#bgd ,&rew ,lang writes ( :at he t]ms hypnagogic illusions--images :i* appe> :5 ! eyes are clos$ & be=e sleep sup]v5es4 ,:5 faces appe>$ to him 9 ?is way1 !y 7 always unfamili> ones1 ) ! s+le exception ( hav+ once se5 8 own face 9 pr(ile4 ,! same 0 almo/ inv>iably true ( l&scape & inanimate objects4 ,^! =ms seem$ to gr[ out ( ! bright po9ts ( light :i* frequ5tly appe> :5 ! eyes are clos$1 & ,lang sugge/s a simil> orig9 = ! visions ( ! 8scry]s0--namely1 ! developm5t ( ! images f d>k or light po9ts 9 ! glass4 ,9 reg>d to ?is1 we h an int]e/+ passage 9 ! works ( ,ibn ,kald\n1 a ,p]sian writ]1 born 9 #accb1 :o gives ! foll[+ v acute analysis ( ! ph5om5a accompany+ cry/al-gaz+4#bge ,"s believe t ! image p]ceiv$ 9 ?is way takes =m on ! surface ( ! mirror1 b !y are mi/ak54 ,! div9] looks at ?is surface fix$ly until x disappe>s1 & a curta91 l a mi/1 is int]pos$ betwe5 him & ! mirror4 ,^u ?is curta9 are design$ ! =ms he wi%es to see1 & ?is p]mits him to give indications1 ei!r affirmative or negative1 conc]n+ ! matt] on :i* he is que/ion$4 ,he !n describes 8 p]ceptions z he has receiv$ !m4 ,! div9]s1 :ile 9 ?is /ate1 d n see :at is really to be se5 79 ! mirror72 x is ano!r k9d ( p]ception1 :i* is born 9 !m & :i* is realiz$ n by sight b by ! s\l4 ,z to ! "* & quality ( ! cry/al to be us$1 ,abbot ,tri!im1 ! ma/] ( ! fam\s ,cornelius ,agrippa1 says3#bgf ,procure ( a lapid>y a good1 cle>1 pellucid cry/al ( ! bigness ( a small orange1--i4e41 ab\t "o in* & a half 9 diamet]2 let x be globul>1 or r\nd ea* way alike2 !n y h got ?is cry/al fair & cle>1 )\t any cl\ds or specks4 ,get a small plate ( pure gold to encompass ! cry/al r\nd "o-half2 let ?is be fitt$ on an ivory or ebony p$e/al4 ,let !re be engrav$ a circle r\nd ! cry/al2 aft]w>ds ! "n3 ,tetragrammaton4 ,on ! o!r side ( ! plate let !re be engrav$1 ,mi*ael1 ,gabriel1 ,uriel1 ,raphael1 :i* are ! f\r pr9cipal angels rul+ ov] ! ,sun1 ,moon1 ,v5us1 & ,m]cury4 ,! f\r lett]s con/itut+ ! ,tetragrammaton are ! ,hebrew *>act]s ydh1 h1 ww & h1 4 ,z ?is div9e "n 0 reg>d$ 9 lat] ,judaism z too sacr$ to be pron\nc$1 ! ^w "l1 adonai1 0 sub/itut$ = x 9 ! read+ ( ! ,scriptures4 ,= ?is reason1 :5 ! v[el signs 7 add$ to ! text to indicate ! traditional pronunciation1 ! consonants ,yh: 7 provid$ ) ! v[els ( adonai & ! "n 0 !re=e read ,jehovah by ,*ri/ian s*ol>s4 ,! ,p]sian poet ,jmi writes ?us ( a magic mirror 9 ! poem 8,salamn & ,absal03#bgg ,!n f 8 secret ,art ! ,sage ,vizyr ,a ,magic ,mirror made2 a ,mirror l ,! bosom ( ,all-wise ,intellig5ce1 ,reflect+ 9 its my/ic compass all ,)9 ! sev'nfold volume ( ! ,_w ,involv$2 & look+ 9 t ,mirror's face ,! ,%ah beheld ! face ( 8 ,desire4 ,rog] ,bacon 7#abad-abib7 0 probably ! mo/ gift$ man ( ! ?irte5? c5tury1 & 8 writ+s te/ify to an extraord9>ily cle> p]ception ( ! ess5tial pr9ciples ( sci5tific rese>*4 ,h[ev]1 8 true greatness 0 n g5]ally appreciat$ 9 8 own age1 & popul> fancy wove ab\t 8 "n a fabric ( leg5d 9 :i* he appe>$ z an ar*-necromanc] & magician4 ,! curi\s old "w entitl$ 8,! ,fam\s ,hi/orie ( ,fry> ,bacon0 gives a numb] ( ! /range recitals :i* became curr5t 9 ,engl& 9 reg>d to ,bacon's wond]ful p[]s4 ,illu/ration3 ,,glass ,,ball1 ,,p]=at$ ,,& ,,m\nt$ ,,9 ,,metal1 ,,s ,,t ,,x ,,c ,,be ,,susp5d$ ,,& ,,us$ ,,= ,,occult ,,& ,,curative ,,purposes4 ,p]iod ( ab\t t5? or twelf? c5tury4 ,collection ( ,sir ,*>les ,h]cules ,read4 ,illu/ration3 ,,ball ,,( ,,jet1 ,,p]=at$1 ,,m\nt$ ,,9 ,,metal1 ,,s ,,t ,,x ,,c ,,be ,,susp5d$ ,,& ,,us$ ,,= ,,occult ,,& ,,curative ,,purposes4 ,p]iod ( ab\t t5? or twelf? c5tury4 ,collection ( ,sir ,*>les ,h]cules ,read4 ,illu/ration3 ,,eye ,,agate1 ,,%[+ ,a ,,numb] ,,( ,,circul> ,,m>k+s4 ,m\nt$ 9 metal & kept 9 a box1 z a votive or curative /one4 ,ab\t f\rte5? c5tury4 ,briti% ,museum4 7,see page #adi47 ,"o ( ^! treats ( a m>vell\s 8glass0 made by ! fri>1 9 :i* ev5ts happ5+ at f>-di/ant places 7 mirror$4 ,on "o occasion two "y m51 betwe5 :om ! fri5dlie/ feel+s exi/$1 came to ,bacon & reque/$ him to let !m see 9 ! mirror :at _! fa!rs 7 do+ at ! "t4 ,! fri> cons5t$1 b ! exp]im5t1 :ile successful1 0 ! cause ( a t]rible mis=tune4 ,! /ory is z foll[s3 ,! ,fa!rs ( ^! two ,g5tlem5 79 _! ,sonnes abs5ce7 7 become great foes3 ?is hatr$ betwe5e !m 0 gr[ne to t height1 t :]esoev] !y met1 !y _h n onely wordes1 b bl[es4 ,j at t "t1 z x %\ld seeme1 t _! ,sonnes 7 look+ to see h[ !y 7 9 heal?1 !y 7 met1 & _h drawne1 & 7 toge!r by ! e>es4 ,_! ,sonnes see+ ?is1 & hav+ be5 alwayes great fri5ds1 knew n :at to say to "o ano!r1 b beheld ea* o!r ) angry lookes4 ,at la/ "o ( _! ,fa!rs1 z !y might p]ceive 9 ! ,glasse1 _h a fall1 & ! o!r1 tak+ advantage1 /ood ov] him ready to /rike him4 ,! ,sonne ( him t 0 d[ne c\ld !n conta9e himselfe no long]1 b told ! o!r "y man1 t 8 ,fa!r _h receiv$ wrong4 ,he answ]$ aga9e1 t x 0 faire4 ,at la/ !re grew su* f\le words betwe5e !m1 & _! bloods 7 s heat$1 t !y pres5tly /abb$ ! "o ! o!r ) _! ,dagg]s1 & s fell d[ne dead4 ,! sceptre ( ! ,scotti% regalia is surm\nt$ by a cry/al globe1 two in*es & a qu>t] 9 diamet]1 & ! mace by a l>ge cry/al b]yl4 ,9 =m] times ^! /ones 7 reg>d$ z amulets & _! use 0 trac$ back to ! ,druids4 ,sir ,walt] ,scott tells u t 9 8 "t !y 7 /ill kn[n among ! ,scotti% ,highl&]s z 8,/ones ( ,p[]40#bgh ,! te/imony ( ,john ( ,salisbury 7#aabj8-aahj7 %[s t 9 ! twelf? c5tury1 9 ,engl&1 div9ation by means ( ! arts ( ! specul>ii 0 (t5 practis$4 ,! prelate writes t :5 a boy1 he himself & a companion a few ye>s old] receiv$ in/ruction f a prie/ :o 0 addict$ to ! use ( ^! magic arts4 ,?is prie/ us$ to poli% ! f+]-nails ( ! boys ) a consecrat$ oil or o9tm5t1 & !n direct !m to look ^u ! poli%$ surface until "s figure or =m %\ld appe>4 ,sometimes ! smoo?1 poli%$ surface ( a bas9 0 us$4 ,john ( ,salisbury reg>d$ x z a m>k ( div9e favor t he himself saw no?+ ^u ! smoo? & lu/r\s surface1 b he /ates t 8 companion obs]v$ c]ta9 vague & %ad[y =ms4 ,c]ta9 names pron\nc$ by ! prie/ on ^! occasions t]rifi$ ! boy1 = he believ$ !m to be ! names ( evil spirits2 inde$1 su* 0 8 reluctance to p>ticipate 9 ! unholy rites t 8 pres5ce 0 believ$ to int]f]e ) ! production ( ! ph5om5a4#bgi ,9 ano!r "p ( 8 8,policraticus10 ,john ( ,salisbury /ates t ! specul>ii claim$ t _! gift ( see+ visions on poli%$ surfaces 0 nev] us$ to injure any "o1 b 0 (t5 useful 9 ! detection ( !ft & 9 c\nt]act+ magic spells4#bhj ,"u ! compreh5sive *apt] head+3 8,h[ to conjure ! cry/al s t all ?+s may be se5 9 x10 ,p>acelsus 7#adic-aeda7 decl>es t 8to conjure0 means no?+ m ?an 8to obs]ve any?+ rightly1 to le>n & to und]/& :at x is40 ,! cry/al 0 ( ! nature ( ! air1 & h5ce all ?+s movable & immovable t c\ld be se5 9 ! air c\ld also be se5 9 ! cry/al or speculum4#bha ,p>acelsus %[$ ke5 insight1 & 8 conclusions are excell5t4 ,"o might add1 h[ev]1 t x is a fact t ^! are images cond5s$ 9 ! d\ble convex l5s1 =m+ z x 71 an int]nal cry/al sph]e4 ,^! images are rev]s$1 di/ort$ & twi/$1 & :5 !y become visible to "o :o is expect+ /range ?+s1 !y =m m5tal impressions :i* x is (t5 v difficult to erase4 ,_m cry/al gaz]s are frequ5tly v highly wr\ght1 n]v\s & susceptible1 & o!r influ5ces unit+ ) ! impressions produc$1 may give ! bra9 = a "t ! p[] to evolve kaleidoscopic effects4 ,directions = ! use ( an ,erd5spiegel1 or 8e>?-mirror10 are giv5 9 an old ,g]man manuscript writt5 9 #afeh by a ,capu*9 prie/4#bhb ,! mirror is to be set ab\t two in*es above a bo>d1 & ! que/ions to be answ]$ are to be plac$ b5ea? x4 ,! scry] is recomm5d$ to place ?ree gra9s ( salt ^u 8 tongue1 :]eupon he is to repeat a pray] & cross himself4 ,he n[ takes ! mirror 9 8 h& & brea!s ^u x ?ree times1 repeat+ ! words1 8,9 ! "n ( ! ,fa!r1 ( ! ,son1 & ( ! ,holy ,_s4 ,am540 ,^! prelim9>ies hav+ be5 accompli%$1 ! foll[+ pray]1 or r invocation1 is repeat$3 ,o ?\ holy ,ar*angel ,n4 ,n41 ,i pray to !e mo/ f]v5tly ?r\gh ! great & unse>*able "n ( ! ,"l ( all ,lords & ,k+ ( all ,k+s1 ,jod1 ,he1 ,vau1 ,he1 ,tetragrammaton1 ,adonay1 ,s*aday1 receive my greet+ & give e> to ! humble petition :i* ,i (f] 9 ! "n ( ! great & highe/ ,god1 ,elohim1 ,zebao?1 t ?\ %alt appe> to me 9 ! _w-mirror1 & give me k & in/ruction 9 answ] to my que/ions4 ,! /rong religi\s tone ( ^! directions = ! use ( ! mirror & ! fact t x is a prie/ :o gives !m1 %[s t !re 0 a disposition to tol]ate ! employm5t ( su* 8:ite magic40 ,9 m$ieval times x 0 believ$ t ! vision 9 ! cry/al 0 produc$ ?r\gh ! ag5cy ( an indwell+ _s1 &1 !re=e1 x 0 necess>y to use "s v pot5t spell to =ce ?is _s to ent] ! /one4 ,_m ( ^! anci5t spells h be5 pres]v$1 & !y conta9 a /range & incongru\s mixture ( religi\s & magical =mulas4 ,9 "o ( ^!1 dat+ f ! end ( ! fifte5? c5tury1 aft] a recitation ( a long & rambl+ conjuration1 we read3 8,& yen ask ye *ylde yf he see! any ?yng1 & yf no1 let ! mr beg9 8 conjuraty agayn40 ,z usual ! scry+ 0 done by a *ild1 ! conjuration be+ spok5 by ! m9i/]4 ,an important "p ( ! conjuration consi/$ 9 ! repetition ( a numb] ( div9e names1 mo/ ( !m orig9ally ,hebrew1 b s mu* corrupt$ by recit]s :o did n "k _! mean+ t x is n[ exce$+ly difficult to int]pret !m correctly4 ,a pro( t ?is =m ( magic 0 (t5 reg>d$ z q compatible ) religion is (f]$ u 9 a passage f a sixte5? c5tury manuscript1#bhc :]e we read t ! cry/al %\ld be laid on ! alt> 8on ! ,side t ! gospell is read on4 ,& let ! prie/ say a mass on ! same ,side40 ,if ! conjuration is successful1 ! same manuscript tells u t 8^! angells be+ once appe>$ w n dep>t ! glasse or /one untill ! ,sonne be sett except y lic5ce !m40 ,x also seems t 8scry+0 0 look$ ^u z a special gift1 only grant$ to a favor$ few z a peculi> privilege1 & we read t 8,pray] & a good beleefe prevail$ mu*4 ,= fai? is ! cay to ?is & all o!r works1 & )\t x no?+ c be effect$40 ,! *ild scry]1 ei!r maid or boy1 %\ld n be m ?an twelve ye>s old4 ,t a c]ta9 religi\s _s1 h[ev] mi/ak51 (t5 animat$ ! cry/al-gaz]s ( ! sixte5? c5tury1 is %[n 9 ! case ( ! 8speculator0 ( ,john a ,w9dor1 :o confess$ t :5 he l$ an impure life ! 8dmons0 w\ld n appe> to him 9 8 glass4 ,he w\ld !n proce$ to fumigate ! ap>tm5t1 z ?\gh believ+ t ! v air 0 contam9at$ by ! s9s ( ! op]ator4 ,we may hope t ! se] 0 n cont5t ) ?is1 b also tri$ to re=m 8 evil ways4 ,ano!r scry]1 a woman nam$ ,s>ah ,skelhorn1 decl>$ t ! spirits t appe>$ to h] 9 ! glass w\ld (t5 foll[ h] ab\t ! h\se f room to room1 s t %e at la/ became we>y ( _! pres5ce4#bhd ,bo? ( ^! scry]s _h regul> employm5t1 = x 0 q cu/om>y = a g5tleman to h a h\sehold se]1 j z he w\ld h a body-physician1 if he c\ld af=d x4 ,a sixte5? c5tury "w on magic1 ! 8,hll5zwang0 ( ,dr4 ,fau/us1 ^: "n has be5 immortaliz$ = all ages by ,goe!1 gives v p>ticul> & detail$ directions = ! prep>ation & consecration ( a cry/al1 :e!r glass or qu>tz4 ,fau/ asks 8 8,mephi/ophelis0 :e!r su* cry/als c be made1 & ! _s replies3 8,yes1 inde$1 my ,fau/10 & directs ,fau/ to g1 on a ,tuesday1 to a glass-mak]1 & get ! latt] to =m a glass4 ,x 0 requisite t ?is "w %\ld be done 9 ! h\r ( ,m>s1 t is1 9 ! fir/1 eigh?1 fifte5? or tw5ty-second h\r ( ,tuesday4 ,! cry/al :5 complet$ mu/ n be accept$ z a gift1 b a price mu/ be paid = x4 ,:5 ! object _h be5 secur$1 ,mephi/opheles directs t x be buri$ 9 a grave1 :]e x mu/ be left = ! space ( ?ree weeks2 x 0 !n to be une>!d2 if a woman pur*as$ x1 %e mu/ bury x 9 a woman's grave4 ,h[ev]1 ^! prelim9>ies only s]v$ to prep>e ! cry/al = ! f9al consecration1 z ! m]e mat]ial mass 0 reg>d$ z in]t & possess+ no virtue until c]ta9 spirits 7 summon$ to dwell )9 x4 ,mephi/opheles confesses t he alone w\ld n be p[]ful en\gh1 & he directs ,fau/ to call ^u ! spirits ,az]uel & ,adadiel also4 ,fau/ is assur$ t ! ?ree spirits w %[ him 9 ! cry/al :atev] he may wi% to "k4 ,if any?+ has be5 /ol51 ! ?ief w appe>2 if any "o is suff]+ f disease1 ! "* ( 8 malady w be reveal$1 etc4#bhe ,ano!r way ( prep>+ a cry/al glass or mirror is giv5 9 ! same "w4 ,aft] ! glass has be5 b\ght x is to be imm]s$ 9 baptismal wat] 9 :i* a fir/-born male *ild has be5 baptiz$1 & !re9 x is to rema9 = ?ree weeks4 ,! wat] is !n to be p\r$ out ov] a grave & ! six? *apt] ( ! ,revelation ( ,/4 ,john is to be read4 ,h]eupon ! foll[+ conjuration %\ld be pron\nc$3 ,o cry/al1 ?\ art a pure & t5d] virg91 ?\ /&e/ at "o ( ! gates ( heav51 t no?+ may be hidd5 f !e2 ?\ /&e/ "u a cl\d ( heav5 t no?+ may be hidd5 f !e1 :e!r 9 fields or mead[s1 :e!r ma/] or s]vant1 :e!r wife or maid4 ,let ?is be said to !e 9 ! "n ( ,god1 z a plea = ?y help4#bhf ,! visions se5 9 cry/al gaz+ 7 (t5 suppos$ to be ! "w ( evil spirits1 seek+ to s$uce ! s\ls ( m5 by (f]+ ! promise ( ri*es or by accord+ !m an unlawful glimpse into ! future4 ,"h1 z 9 o!r magical op]ations1 !re 0 bo? :ite & black magic1 rec\rse be+ _h 9 "s cases to good1 & 9 o!rs to evil spirits4 ,z an illu/ration ( ! latt] practice1 a sixte5? c5tury writ] relates t 9 ! city ( ,nuremb]g1 "s "t dur+ ! ye> #aecj1 a 8demon0 %[$ to a prie/1 9 a cry/al1 ! vision ( a buri$ treasure4 ,believ+ 9 ! tru? ( ?is vision1 ! prie/ w5t to ! spot indicat$1 :]e he f\nd an excavation 9 ! =m ( a cav]n1 9 ! dep?s ( :i* he c\ld see a *e/ & a black dog ly+ alongside x4 ,eag]ly ! prie/ ent]$ ! cav]n1 hop+ to possess himself ( ! treasure1 b ! top ( ! excavation cav$ 9 & he 0 cru%$ to dea?4#bhg ,! fam\s *>latan1 ,dr4 ,dee1 :o 0 = a "t a prom95t figure at ! c\rt ( ,emp]or ,rudolph ,,ii1 0 highly favor$ by ,que5 ,elizabe?4 ,! que5 visit$ him sev]al times1 & ev5 appe>s to h consult$ him on political matt]s4 ,9 8 di>y ! doctor relates t ! que5 call$ at 8 h\se %ortly aft] 8 wife's dea?1 :i* took place ,m>* #af1 #aege4 ,( ?is visit he gives ! foll[+ details3 ,! ,que5's ,maje/ie1 ) h] mo/ honorable ,privy ,c\ncil1 & o!r ! ,lords & ,nobility1 came purposely to h visit$ my libr>y3 b f9d+ t my wife 0 )9 f\r h\rs be=e buri$ out ( ! h\se1 h] ,maje/ie refus$ to come 92 b will$ to fet* my glass s fam\s1 & to %[ unto h] "s ( ! prop]ties ( x1 :i* ,i did4 ,h] ,maje/ie be+ tak5 d[n f h] horse by ! ,e>le ( ,liece/]1 ,ma/] ( ! ,horse1 at ! *ur* wall ( ,mortlake1 did see "s ( ! prop]ties ( t glass1 to h] ,maje/ie's great cont5tm5t & delight4#bhh ,x 0 at ,mortlake1 on ,decemb] #bb1 #aeha1 t ,dr4 ,dee made 8 fir/ essay ) 8 cry/al ball4 ,! proce$+s 7 conduct$ ) a c]ta9 religi\s c]emonial1 & began ) a pi\s invocation to ! angel ( ! /one4 ,?is cele/ial be+ soon graci\sly deign$ to manife/ himself 9 ! /one &--presumably by ! voice ( ! scry]--answ]$ ! que/ions put by ^? pres5t4 ,!re c be little d\bt t ,dee us$ m ?an "o cry/al 9 ! c\rse ( 8 exp]im5ts2 t n[ 9 ! ,briti% ,museum is ( cairngorm1 or 8smoky-qu>tz40 ,?is v>iety ( qu>tz may h be5 *os5 because ( ! ,scot* sup]/itions reg>d+ its virtues2 =1 z a rule1 *>latans seek to avail !mselves ( already exi/+ sup]/itions 9 ord] to make _! innovations m acceptable4 ,illu/ration3 ,,dr4 ,,dee',s ,,%ew ,,/one4 ,natural size4 ,briti% ,museum4 ,?is sph]e ( smoky-qu>tz came to ! ,briti% ,museum 9 #agjj ) ! ,cottonian ,libr>y1 donat$ at t "t by ! gr&son ( ! orig9al collector1 ,sir ,rob]t ,bruce ,cotton 7#aega-afca74 ,illu/ration3 ,,obsidian ,,mirror1 ,,) ,,native ,,textile ,,/r+4 ,us$ by ,aztecs & anci5t ,mexicans = v>i\s purposes4 ,briti% ,museum4 ,id5tical 9 %ape & size ) t kn[n z 8,dr4 ,dee's ,mirror10 n[ 9 ! possession ( ,pr9ce ,alexis ,soltyk(f1 ( ,russia4 ,?is 0 enclos$ 9 a lea!r-cov]$ case4 ,to give assurance to ^? :o consult$ su* cry/als t no diabolical ag5cy 0 involv$ 9 ! production ( ! ph5om5a1 x 0 cu/om>y t a *ild %\ld be ! cry/al-gaz]4 ,9 ,dr4 ,dee's exp]im5ts1 h[ev]1 x 0 usually ! notori\s ,kelley1 8 me damne1 :o und]took ?is task ( int]pret+ ! cry/al visions4 ,! description giv5 by ,dee ( a little girl :o frequ5tly act$ z ! int]m$i>y ( ! high] p[]s sugge/s "o ( ! fanciful creations ( our great noveli/ ,haw?orne4 ,h] my/ic "n 0 ,madimi1 & %e is depict$ z a pretty girl ab\t eight ye>s old1 & ) long fl[+ hair4 ,to make h] appe>ance m conspicu\s1 %e 0 attir$ 9 a silk dress ) *atoyant effects 9 r$ & gre54 ,at times1 dur+ ! sances1 ?is gay little figure c\ld be se5 flitt+ ab\t ! /udy1 r5d]$ ev5 m :imsical & /range f its contra/ ) ! piles ( du/y old books1 ! curiosities1 & ! magical in/rum5ts collect$ !re4#bhi ,?is vision>y maid5 ,madimi1 ( :om ,dee relates s mu* 9 8 di>y1 0 app>5tly a *ild ( fancy1 a creation ( ,kelley's f]tile bra94 ,! di>y is some:at obscure 9 ?is p>ticul> & easily misund]/ood2 b !re c be little d\bt t :]e ,madimi is repres5t$ z speak+1 x is ,kelley's voice t transmits to ,dee h] revelations4 ,"o passage1 (t5 ov]look$1 gives evid5ce ( ?is4 ,madimi has appe>$ & is address+ h] rem>ks to ,kelley & to ,dee by turns2 f9ally1 ,dee says1 8,i "k y see me (t5 & ,i see y only by fai? & imag9ation40 ,to ?is ,madimi quickly retorts1 8po9t+ to ,e4 ,k40 7,kelley71 8,t sight is p]fect] ?an 840 ,evid5tly we mu/ und]/& ?is to signify some?+ t ,kelley has told ,dee1 = ! latt]'s words %[ t he did n himself see ! little fairy po9t+ to 8 fri5d4 ,9 _m respects little ,madimi may recall ano!r 8spiritual0 maid5 ( :om we he>d mu* a few ye>s ago1 ! sprightly little ,indian _s 8,bright ,eyes10 ^: love = c&y & jewelry 0 s v e>?ly4 ,n only ! quality ( ! cry/al _h to be consid]$1 b also its support & surr\nd+s4 ,( ?is we h an int]e/+ in/ance 9 ! case ( ,dr4 ,dee's cry/al4 ,9 "o ( 8 manuscripts is record$ ! fact t on ! #aj? ( ,m>*1 #aehb1 ,kelley saw 9 ! cry/al a repres5tation ( ! =m & arrangem5t ( ! table on :i* x %\ld be set2 p>ticul> in/ructions on ! matt] 7 also directly imp>t$ to ! scry] by ! angel ,uriel4 ,! table 0 to be squ>e1 measur+ two cubits ea* way & two cubits 9 height2 & x 0 to h f\r feet4 ,! mat]ial 0 to be 8swete wood0 & ^u x 0 to be plac$ ! ,sigillum ,dei 7,seal ( ,god7 impress$ ^u ! pure/1 colorless wax1 ! disk be+ #a in*es ?ick & #i in*es 9 diamet]4 ,x bore a cross & ! magic lett]s ,a4 ,g4 ,l4 ,a41 a translit]ation into ,roman *>act]s ( ! initials ( ! ,hebrew words signify+ 8,?\ are great =ev]1 ,o ,"l40 ,f\r o!r & small] seals 7 to be provid$1 "o to be plac$ "u ea* leg ( ! table2 ea* ( ^! seals be+ impress$ ) geometrical figures )9 or ^u :i* 7 ! sev5 sacr$ names ( ,god & ! names ( ! sev5 angels rul+ ! sev5 planet>y heav5s2 ,zabo?iel1 ,z$ekiel1 ,mad9iel1 ,semeliel ,seme%iel1 ,nogabiel1 ,corabiel ,cocabiel & ,levaniel1 ! angels1 respectively1 ( ,saturn1 ,jupit]1 ,m>s1 ! ,sun1 ,v5us1 ,m]cury & ! ,moon4 ,!re !n appe>$ to ! scry] ! figure ( ! table ) ! cry/al re/+ ^u x4 ,( ?is x is said3#bij 8,"u ! table did seeme to be layd r$ sylk to lye f\r squ>e some:at broad] ?an ! table1 hang+ d[n ) f\r knops or tassells at ! f\r corn]s !re(4 ,uppon ! upp]mo/ r$ silk did seme to be set ! /one ) ! frame1 "r ov] & uppon ! pr9cipal seal1 sav+ t ! sayd sylk 0 betw5e ! "o & ! o!r40 ,x !re=e seems t ! prejudice 9 favor ( a black or at lea/ a d>k backgr\nd = ! cry/al did n appeal to ,dr4 ,dee1 & inde$ ! effect ( color may p]haps bett] s]ve to neutralize tr\blesome reflections ?an does black4 ,! p]sonages ,kelley pret5d$ to see 9 or ar\nd ! magic cry/al 7 describ$ by him to ,dr4 ,dee 9 ! greate/ detail1 & ?is und\bt$ly s]v$ to l5d m reality & au?ority to _! communications4 ,z an illu/ration ( ,kelley's inv5tiv5ess 9 ?is matt]1 we may take 8 description ( 8,nalvage10 a _s t fir/ appe>$ :ile ! doctor & 8 famulus 7 9 ,crac[1 ,april #aj1 #aehd1 & 0 subsequ5tly a frequ5t visitor4 ,! se] introduces 8 new 8control0 z foll[s3#bia ,he ha? a ,g[n ( :ite silk1 ) a ,cape ) ?ree p5dants ) tassels on ! end ( !m all gre52 x is fur1 :ite1 & seeme? to %9e1 ) a wav]+ glitt]+4 ,on 8 head is no?+1 he ha? no b]d4 ,8 phisiognomy is l ! pictures ( ,k+ ,edw>d ! ,six?2 8 hair hange? d[n a qu>t] ( ! l5g? ( ! ,cap1 some:at curl+1 yell[4 ,he ha? a rod or w& 9 8 h&1 almo/ z big z my little f+]2 x is ( ,gold1 & divid$ into ?ree equal p>ts1 ) a bright] ,gold ?an ! re/4 ,he /&e? ^u 8 r\nd table ( ,*ri/al1 or r ,"m ( ,pe>l4 ,:5 read+ ! words spok5 by ,kelley & s c>efully pres]v$ by ,dr4 ,dee1 we are rem9d$1 aside f ! ar*aic turn ( spee*1 ( ! m9ute descriptions s glibly giv5 by mod]n m$iums4 ,x is true t lately1 9 ,am]ica1 ! spirits ( ! =m] own]s ( ! l&1 ( ! blameless aborig9es1 seem to h acquir$ a quasi monopoly ( ! int]c\rse ) ! o!r _w4 ,mo/ ( ! e>ly records ( cry/al-gaz+ %[ conclusively en\gh t ! images reveal$ 9 ! /one 7 produc$ by ! expectations1 ! hopes1 or ! fe>s ( ! gaz]4 ,9 _m cases1 inde$1 ! vision is only prophetic because x det]m9es ! future conduct ( ! p]son :o consults ! /one4 ,fully p]suad$ t :at has be5 se5 mu/ come to pass1 he1 or %e1 proce$s m or less consci\sly to make x happ51 to fulfil ! pr$iction4 ,z an in/ance ( ?is we may take f an old ,g]man book#bib ! tale ( a lovelorn maid5 :o seeks ! aid ( an en*antress to le>n :e!r %e w m>ry h] lov]1 ^u :om h] p>5ts look ) disfavor4 ,! my/ic cry/al is br\ght out wrapp$ 9 a yell[ h&k]*ief1 & is plac$ 9 a gre5 b[l b5ea? :i* is spread a blue clo?1 ! reflections f ^! diff]5t colors be+ probably calculat$ to /imulate ! optic n]ve & favor ! appe>ance ( "s picture ^u ! poli%$ surface ( ! cry/al4 ,! "y girl1 9 rapt att5tion1 looks long & e>ne/ly2 at la/ %e cries out t %e sees h] own =m & t ( h] lov]4 ,bo? look pale & sad1 & !y appe> to be ab\t to set =? ^u a long & p]il\s j\rney1 = ! lov] we>s rid+-boots & c>ries a brace ( pi/ols4 ,! girl is s t]rifi$ at ! sight t %e fa9ts away4 ,! sequel ( ?is vision is a runaway mat*1 & we c easily und]/& t :5 ! lov] propos$ ?is adv5ture1 ! girl believ$ t x 0 writt5 9 ! book ( fate & will+ly agre$ to und]take x4 ,! great humor\s poem 8,hudibras10 :]e9 all ! foibles ( ! sev5te5? c5tury are ca/igat$1 does n fail to make m5tion ( ,dee & ,kelley & _! cry/al4 ,( ! sorc]] ^: aid ,hudibras seeks we are told3#bic ,he'd read ,dee's prefaces be=e1 ,! ,dev'l & ,euclid o'er & o'er2 ,& all ?' intrigues 'twixt him & ,kelley1 ,lascus & ?' ,emp]or1 w\ld tell ye4 ,kelley did all 8 feats ^u ,! devil's look+-glass1 a /one ,:]e1 play+ ) him at bo-peep ,he solv$ all problems ne'er s deep4 ,9 8 exp]im5ts 9 cry/al-gaz+1 ,dr4 ,dee evid5tly us$ m ?an "o cry/al1 & did n inde$ conf9e ! op]ations ( 8 scry] or scry]s to brilliant sph]es4 ,9 ! collection ( ,horace ,walpole1 at ,/rawb]ry ,hill1 0 a poli%$ slab ( black /one1 obsidian1 f ,mexico4 ,?is came into ! possession ( ,mr4 ,smy! ,piggott & lat] 7#ahec7 into t ( ,"l ,londesbor\gh2 x is n[ 9 ! collection ( ,pr9ce ,alexis ,soltyk(f4 ,horace ,walpole wrote a label = ! /one1 9 :i* he says t x _h long be5 own$ by ! ,mordaunts1 ,e>ls ( ,pet]bor\gh1 & 0 describ$ 9 ! catalogue ( _! collection z ! black /one into :i* ,dr4 ,dee us$ to call 8 spirits4 ,lat] x 0 own$ by ,john ,campbell1 ,duke ( ,argyle1 :o gave x to ,horace ,walpole4#bid ,und\bt$ly any poli%$ surface1 :e!r flat or convex1 might s]ve ! purpose ( ! scry] almo/ equally well2 ! possible advantage ( a convex or a sph]ical =m consi/s 9 ! multiply+ ( ! reflections & light po9ts s t ! sight is induc$ to w&] f po9t to po9t1 & t =ms & ev5 motions are sugge/$ by ! sup]position & comb9ation ( ! v>i\s reflections4 ,(t51 too1 a light po9t visible to "o eye w n be s to ! o!r1 ?is sometimes provok+ ! ph5om5on ( b9ocul> vision1 :i* ass]ts itself = a mom5t or two1 :5 ! div]se images coalesce aga91 ?\gh imp]fectly1 giv+ an impression ( movem5t4 ,= "o gift$ ) imag9ation & ! natural quality ( visualiz+ bra9-pictures1 ^! %ift+ light-po9ts & ! m or less def9ite & repeat$ reflections ( surr\nd+ objects (f] abundant mat]ial out ( :i* to con/ruct lifelike pictures app>5tly se5 9 ! cry/al4 ,t ! bra9-pictures ?us ?r[n out1 s to speak1 ^u ! cry/al1 may or may n h a peculi> psy*ic value1 o!r ?an _! value z m]e ph5om5a1 dep5ds ^u ! significance we are incl9$ to attribute to ! processes ( ! subconsci\s intellig5ce2 ( its exi/5ce1 inde$1 !re c be no d\bt1 & _m ( our be/ ?9k]s incl9e to ! belief t ?r\gh x ! n>r[ limits ( our p]sonality are occasionally transc5d$4 ,illu/ration3 #a1 #b1 #c4 ,rock-cry/al sph]es hav+ portions ( ! surface gr\nd s t !y are r5d]$ p>tially opaque4 #d4 ,natural cross ( rock-cry/al4 ,on dolomite1 ,oss9+1 ,new ,york4 ,! foll[+ hi/ory & description ( a cry/al ball is giv5 by ,john ,aubrey 7#afbf-afig73 ,i h "h set d[n ! figure ( a consecrat$ ,b]yl--n[ 9 ! possession ( ,sir ,edw>d ,h>ley1 ,knight ( ! ,ba?1 :i* he keeps 9 8 closet at ,brampton ,bryan 9 ,h]e=d%ire among/ 8 ,cimelia1 :i* ,i saw !re4 ,x came fir/ f ,norfolk2 a m9i/] _h x !re1 & a call 0 to be made ) x4 ,aft]w>ds a mill] _h x & he did "w great cures ) x 7if curable71 & 9 ! ,b]yl !y did see1 ei!r ! receipt 9 writ+1 or else ! h]b4 ,to ?is m9i/]1 ! spirits or angels w\ld appe> op5ly1 & because ! mill] 7:o 0 8 famili> fri5d7 "o day happ5$ to see !m1 he gave him ! a=esaid ,b]yl & ,call2 by ^! angels ! m9i/] 0 =ew>n$ ( 8 dea?4 ,?is acc\nt ,i _h f ,mr4 ,a%mole4 ,aft]w>ds ?is ,b]yl came into somebody's h& 9 ,london :o did tell /range ?+s by x2 insomu* t at la/ he 0 que/ion$ = x1 & x 0 tak5 away by au?ority 7x 0 ab\t #afde74 ,?is ,b]yl is a p]fect sph]e1 ! diamet] ( x ,i guess to be some?+ m ?an an in*2 x is set 9 a r+1 or circle1 ( silv]1 resembl+ ! m]idian ( a globe2 ! /em ( x is ab\t t5 in*es high1 all gilt4 ,at ! f\r qu>t]s ( x are ! names ( f\r angels1 viz3 ,uriel1 ,raphael1 ,mi*ael1 ,gabriel4 ,on ! top is a cross patee4#bie ,9 8 8,saducismus ,triumphatus10 ,joseph ,glanvil writes t 8"o ,compton ( ,summ]set%ire1 :o practis$ ,physick1 & pret5ds to /range ,matt]s10 demon/rat$ 8 p[] to evoke ! image ( a di/ant p]son on ! surface ( a mirror4 ,glanvil relates t ,compton (f]$ to %[ to a ,mr4 ,hill any "o ! latt] wi%$ to see4 ,hill 8_h no great confid5ce 9 8 talk10 b repli$ t he desir$ to see 8 wife :o 0 _m miles di/ant4 8,^u ?is1 ,compton took up a ,look+-glass t 0 9 ! ,room1 & sett+ x d[n aga91 bid my ,fri5d look 9 x1 :i* he did1 & !n1 z he mo/ solemnly & s]i\sly pr(esse?1 he saw ! exact ,image ( 8 ,wife1 9 t ,habit :i* %e !n wore & work+ at h] ,ne$le 9 su* a "p ( ! ,room 7!n repres5t$ also7 9 :i* & ab\t :i* "t %e really 01 z he f\nd ^u enquiry :5 he came home4 ,! ,g5tleman himself av]r$ ?is to me1 & he is a v sob]1 intellig5t1 & cr$ible ,p]son4 ,compton _h no k ( him be=e1 & 0 an utt] /rang] to ! ,p]son ( 8 ,wife4 ,he 0 by all acc\nts a v odd ,p]son40#bif ,a contempor>y record recites t :5 a c]ta9 ,sir ,m>maduke ,langdale 7( ! sev5te5? c5tury7 0 9 ,italy1 he w5t to a sorc]] & 0 %[n 9 a glass 8 own figure kneel+ be=e a crucifix4 ,?\gh a ,prote/ant at ?is "t1 he %ortly aft] became a ,ca?olic4#big ,if we exclude all idea ( trick]y1 x is likely en\gh t ! idea ( becom+ a ,ca?olic 0 already pres5t to ! scry]'s m9d & call$ up ?is picture be=e him4 ,! celebrat$ ,caglio/ro1 a ,sicilian ^: real "n 0 ,giuseppe ,balsamo1 among 8 o!r arts to excite curiosity & play ^u ! sup]/ition ( 8 contempor>ies1 _h rec\rse to a species ( cry/al-gaz+4 ,9 ! only au!ntic biography ( ?is extraord9>y impo/or occurs ! foll[+ passage1 :i* we give 9 ,c>lyle's v]sion3#bih ,caglio/ro br\ght a little ,boy into ! ,lodge1 son ( a nobleman !re4 ,he plac$ him on 8 knees be=e a table1 :]eon /ood a ,bottle ( pure wat]1 & beh9d ?is "s light$ c&les3 he made an exorcism r\nd ! boy1 put 8 h& on 8 head & bo?1 9 ?is attitude1 address$ _! pray]s to ,god = ! happy accompli%m5t ( ! "w4 ,hav+ bid ! *ild look into ! ,bottle1 directly ! *ild cri$ t he saw a g>d54 ,kn[+ h]eby t ,heav5 assi/$ him1 ,caglio/ro took c\rage1 & bade ! *ild ask ( ,god ! grace to see ! angel ,mi*ael4 ,at fir/ ! *ild said3 8,i see some?+ :ite2 ,i "k n :at x is40 ,!n he began jump+1 /amp+ l a possess$ creature1 & cri$3 8,!re n[6 ,i see a *ild l myself1 t seems to h some?+ angelical40 ,all ! assembly1 & ,caglio/ro himself1 rema9$ spee*less ) emotion4444 ,! *ild be+ anew exorcis$ ) ! h& ( ! ,v5]able on 8 head1 & ! cu/om>y pray] address$ to ,heav51 he look$ into ! ,bottle1 & said he saw 8 si/] at t mom5t com+ d[n /airs1 & embrac+ "o ( h] bro!rs4 ,t appe>$ impossible1 ! bro!r 9 "q be+ !n hundr$s ( miles (f2 h[ev]1 ,caglio/ro felt n disconc]t$2 said !y might s5d to ! c\ntry-h\se :]e ! si/] 01 & see4 ,tak5 all 9 all ?is exp]im5t does n seem v satisfactory2 b we h 9 x all ! ess5tial phases ( cry/al-gaz+4 ,excitem5t & expectation produc$ _! usual effect ^u an impressionable *ild1 & sugge/ion did ! re/2 ! f9al vision may h be5 corroborat$ 9 "s way1 or1 if n1 x w\ld be expla9$ s z to conv9ce ^? pres5t at ! exp]im5t t ! *ild _h really se5 a repres5tation ( "s actual happ5+4 ,dur+ ! ,t]ror1 among ^? ^u :om fell ! suspicions ( ! ,jacob9s 0 ,g5]al ,m>lire4 ,he knew t a trial & q probably a condemnation await$ him4 ,a few days be=e ! date fix$ = 8 appe>ance be=e 8 judges1 he met a colonel 9 ! ,fr5* army1 :o _h s]v$ 9 ! ,am]ican ,revolution>y ,w>1 & :o 0 a firm believ] 9 ! tru? ( ! visions se5 9 cry/al balls4 ,9 ! c\rse ( ! conv]sation ?is subject 0 allud$ to1 & ! g5]al imm$iately decl>$ t he 0 eag] to put ! matt] to ! te/1 & le>n1 if possible1 :at fate 0 9 /ore = him4 ,! colonel 0 at fir/ v unwill+ to und]take ! exp]im5t1 probably he ?\ght t ,g5]al ,m>lire's doom 0 seal$1 &1 believ+ z he did 9 ! revelations ( ! cry/al1 he dread$ ! results2 h[ev]1 ! g5]al insi/$ & ! exp]im5t took place4 ,z usual1 ! m$ium 0 an 8innoc5t *ild40 ,9 ! cry/al appe>$ a man we>+ a private's uni=m ( ! ,national ,gu>d /ruggl+ ) "o we>+ a g5]al's uni=m4 ,! *ild 0 mu* excit$ & t]rifi$ by ! sight1 exclaim+ t ! g5]al's assailant _h ?r[n him d[n & 0 behead+ him4 ,t ! vision port5d$ ! g5]al's execution 0 cle> en\gh1 b ! peculi> dress ( ! execution] 0 a my/]y to ^? pres5t at ! te/1 = ! (ficial g>b bore no resemblance :atev] to a soldi]'s uni=m4 ,! pr$iction 01 h[ev]1 fulfill$ to ! lett]4 ,g5]al ,m>lire 0 tri$1 f\nd guilty1 & guillot9$4 ,?is 9 itself did n mean mu* 9 view ( ! innum]able executions 9 ! "t ( ! ,t]ror2 b1 on ! day ( ?is execution1 ,samson1 ! (ficial execution]1 desir+ to gratify 8 p]sonal vanity & to attract ! gaze ( ! spectators1 dress$ himself 9 ! uni=m ( a national gu>dsman4#bii ,t ?is altoge!r unusual circum/ance1 :i* c\ld sc>cely h be5 kn[n to any ( ^? :o assi/$ at ! cry/al-gaz+1 %\ld h be5 reveal$ 9 ! cry/al1 is c]ta9ly v my/]i\s4 ,if we _h positive assurance t ! ev5ts n>rat$ happ5$ exactly 9 ! way !y are said to h happ5$1 ?is w\ld be "o ( ! few in/ances 9 :i* ! vision se5 9 ! cry/al reproduc$ some?+ entirely unkn[n to ! scry]4 ,_m extraord9>y visions are said to h be5 se5 9 cry/al balls by a ,fr5* scry] ^: gr&mo!r _h clairvoyant p[]s & 0 sometimes consult$ by ,napoleon ,i4 ,x is claim$ t ! gr&son has enjoy$ ! patronage ( _m royal p]sonages1 & _h pr$ict$1 9 a m or less def9ite way1 ! assass9ation ( ,k+ ,humb]t ( ,italy1 & ! attempt$ assass9ation ( ,alfonso ,,xiii & ( 8 "y bride1 :5 !y 7 return+ to ! palace aft] ! conclusion ( ! m>riage c]emony4 ,?is ,fr5* scry] has /at$ t he is p[]fully affect$ :5 he is consult$ by any "o de/9$ to die a viol5t dea?2 on su* occasions he feels1 9 8 own organism1 a modifi$ =m ( ! p>ticul> k9d ( suff]+ !y are fat$ to exp]i5ce4 ,?is exceptional s5sitiv5ess to occult influ5ces 0 also %[n :5 ! cry/al-gaz] w5t to ! ,b\laq ,museum 9 ,cairo1 & gaz$ ^u ! r[s ( mummies exhibit$ !re2 he imm$iately felt1 z int5sely z ?\gh x 7 a p]sonal exp]i5ce1 ! m+l$ sorr[ & rage ( ! disembodi$ spirits at see+ _! embalm$ bodies expos$ to ! view ( ! idle cr[d1 :5 !y %\ld h be5 p]mitt$ to re/ 9 _! tombs until ! h\r ( ! ,resurrection4 ,9 ,engl& all ^? :o attempt$1 ) a great] or less degree ( success1 to reveal ! hidd5 secrets ( ! future1 7 expressly designat$ z rogues & vagabonds accord+ to ! t]ms ( an act pass$ ,june #ba1 #ahbd4cjj ,su* (f5d]s1 on be+ duly convict$ be=e ! ,ju/ice ( ! ,peace1 c\ld be committ$ to ! ,h\se ( ,correction1 8!re to be kept at h>d ,lab\r = any "t n exce$+ ,?ree ,cal5d> ,mon?s40 ,?is class ( undesirable citiz5s compris$ all us+ 8any subtle ,craft1 ,means1 or ,device1 by ,palmi/ry or o!rwise0 = ! deception ( 8 ,maje/y's subjects4 ,! h'm51 or div9]1 ( ,yucatan1 places great reliance ^u 8 zaztun1 or 8cle> /one40 ,?is may be a qu>tz cry/al1 or else "s o!r transluc5t /one2 b 9 ord] to s]ve = div9+ purposes x mu/ be sanctifi$ accord+ to special rites1 gum-copal be+ burn$ be=e x1 & c]ta9 magic =mulas recit$1 :i* h be5 transmitt$ f g5]ation to g5]ation 9 an ar*aic dialect4 ,:5 ?us r5d]$ fit = use1 ! div9] claims to be able to see 9 ! dep?s ( ! cry/al ! :]eab\ts ( lo/ articles1 & also :at abs5t p]sons are do+ at ! "t he makes 8 obs]vation4 ,n only ?is1 b ! future is also laid b>e be=e 8 eyes4 ,z ^! /ones are suppos$ to possess su* miracul\s p[]s we ne$ n be surpris$ t "o ( !m %\ld be f\nd 9 almo/ e village 9 ,yucatan4#cja ,! ,apa*e m$ic9e-m5 are also fully p]suad$ t cry/als possess ! virtue ( induc+ visions1 & !y h us$ !m = ! purpose ( f9d+ lo/ prop]ty4 ,to aid 9 ! recov]y ( /ol5 ponies is "o ( ! mo/ important tasks ( ! ,apa*e m$ic9e-man1 & to ?is end 8 cry/al (f]s great assi/ance4 ,capt4 ,john ,g4 ,burke relates t he made a great fri5d ( a m$ic9e-man nam$ ,na-a-*e by giv+ him a l>ge cry/al ( d5ticulat$ sp>1 mu* sup]ior to ! cry/al he _h be5 9 ! habit ( us+ = 8 visions4 ,t ?is 0 ?or\ghly satisfactory to ! m$ic9e-man at lea/1 is %[n by 8 /atem5t to ,capt4 ,burke t by look+ into 8 cry/al he c\ld see ev]y?+ he want$ to see4 ,( ! way ?is came ab\t he did n attempt any explanation4#cjb ,! magic p[] suppos$ to dwell )9 rock-cry/al has be5 recogniz$ 9 a peculi> way by "s natives ( ,new ,s\? ,wales4 ,!y h ! b>b>\s cu/om ( knock+ out "o or m ( ! front tee? ( _! boys at ! obligatory initiation c]emonies1 & on "o occasion ,dr4 ,h[itt 0 entru/$ ) ! c>e ( a numb] ( ^! tee?1 :i* are believ$ to pres]ve a c]ta9 undef9$ connection ) ! heal? & =tunes ( _! =m] possessors1 & on ?is acc\nt great fe> 0 express$ le/ ! cu/odian %\ld place ! preci\s tee? 9 ! same bag ) "s rock-cry/als1 = ! natives ?\ght t ! magic p[] ( ^! cry/als w\ld injuri\sly affect ! tee?1 & ?r\gh !m ! boys1 f ^: jaws !y _h be5 brok54#cjc ,9 a pap] entitl$ 8,! ,orig9 ( ,jewelry10 read be=e ! ,briti% ,association1 ,pr(essor ,w4 ,ridgeley says3 ,au/ralians & tribes ( ,new ,gu9ea use cry/als = ra9-mak+1 al?\gh !y _c bore !m1 & ?is /one is a p[]ful amulet 9 ,ug&a :5 fa/5$ into lea!r4 ,sorc]]s 9 ,africa c>ry a small bag ( pebbles z an important "p ( _! equipm5t4 ,s x 0 9 ,greece4 ,! cry/al 0 us$ to light ! sacrificial fire & 0 s employ$ 9 ! *ur* d[n to ! fifte5? c5tury4 ,egyptians us$ x l>gely "u ! ,,xii ,dyna/y1 pi]c+ x along its axis aft] rubb+ (f ! pyramid po9ts ( ! cry/al1 sometimes leav+ ! natural six sides1 or else gr9d+ x into a complete cyl9d]4 ,f ?is bead came ! artificial cyl9drical glass beads made lat] by ! ,egyptians4 ,pr(essor ,ridgeley believes t ! prim>y use ( all ^! objects 0 because ( _! suppos$ magic p[]s4 ,he holds ! same view 9 reg>d to cyl9d]s & r+s1 consid]+ t ! use ( ^! z signets only became habitual at a lat] "t1 & he f9ds a pro( ( ?is !ory 9 ! fact t un5grav$ ,babylonian cyl9d]s & ,myc5ean gems h be5 discov]$4 ,?is is1 ( c\rse1 p]fectly true1 b does n 9 ! lea/ prove t su* ornam5ts may n h be5 orig9ally worn simply = purposes ( adornm5t2 unque/ionably1 ! cu/om ( engrav+ !m s z to r5d] !m signets mu/ h aris5 at a mu* lat] date4 ,flac\rt /at$ t ! natives ( ,madagasc> us$ cry/als to aid !m 9 div9+4 ,^! /ones1 :i* 7 said to h fall5 f heav51 7 atta*$ to ! corn]s ( ! bo>ds :]eon ! sorc]]s produc$ _! geomantic figures4#cjd ,"h1 h[ev]1 ! cry/als 7 n directly us$1 b 7 only suppos$ to attract influ5ces propiti\s to ! div9]'s ef=ts4 ,9 ! notes to ! #ahhh edition ( ! ,*9ese crim9al code1 "s curi\s details are giv5 ( a practice call$ ,yuan-kuang-fu*\ 7! magic ( ! r\nd glitt]+74 ,:ile ?is designation c]ta9ly seems to indicate ! use ( a poli%$ sph]e ( "s description1 ! details giv5 ref] to a diff]5t practice4 ,we are told t :5 any?+ 0 /ol5 appeal 0 sometimes made to a c]ta9 ,sun-,yuan ,%5g1 :o w\ld !n hang up a piece ( :ite pap] & utt] a spell1 :ile a boy gaz$ ^u ! pap] until he saw ! figure ( ! ?ief4 ,?is magician 0 puni%$ = c>ry+ on an unlawful practice4#cje ,illu/ration3 ,,babylonian ,,cyl9d]s ,,& ,,p]sian ,,beads4 ,( hematite1 rock-cry/al1 lapis-lazuli1 *alc$ony1 b&$ agate1 & o!r /ones4 ,f #cjjj ,b4,c4 to ! ,*ri/ian era4 7,see page #aba47 ,! ,mexicans made images ( _! god ,tezcatlipoca ( obsidian1 & ! "n ( ?is div9ity is int]pret$ z signify+ 8%9+ mirror40 ,?is is suppos$ to ref] to1 or to h be5 express$ by1 ! brilliant effect ( ! poli%$ surface ( ! obsidian4 ,mirrors ( ?is mat]ial are said to h be5 us$ = div9ation 9 anci5t ,mexico & ! neighbor+ c\ntries4#cjf ,"o ( ^! ,mexican mirrors seems to h be5 employ$ by ,dr4 ,dee 9 8 exp]im5ts 9 cry/al vision4 ,a rem>kable s]ies ( te/s 9 ! art ( scry+1 giv5 9 ! pres5ce ( ,lane1 ! great ,arabic s*ol>1 & translator ( ! ,arabian ,nights1 illu/rates ! fallibility ( mo/ ( ! evid5ce adduc$ 9 su* matt]s1 =1 at fir/1 ,lane 0 /rongly impress$ by ! exhibition4 ,al?\gh no cry/al 0 us$1 ! process ( scry+ 0 precisely ! same z 9 cry/al-gaz+1--t is to say1 ! vision call$ = by ! visitors 0 se5 by ! scry] on a poli%$ surface4 ,! ma/] ( c]emonies 0 an ,arab magician1 ?\gh1 ( c\rse1 he did n d ! scry+ himself1 b employ$ a boy = ?is purpose1 = x is g5]ally ?\ght t half-gr[n boys or girls are m receptive4 ,al?\gh ,lane himself 0 p]fectly famili> ) ,arabic1 an int]pret] 0 always pres5t 9 ! int]e/ ( ! o!r ,europeans :o assi/$ at ! exp]im5ts4 ,aft] invok+ _m my/]i\s g5iuses & burn+ inc5se & scraps ( pap] inscrib$ ) magic =mulas1 ! magician drew a magic squ>e on a l>ge %eet ( pap] & dropp$ a quantity ( ink 9 ! c5tre4 ,on ?is ! boy 0 direct$ to fix 8 gaze1 & aft] he _h %[n t he 0 ?or\ghly "u ! magician's influ5ce1 by describ+ ! images sugge/$ to him1 ! visitors 7 p]mitt$ to ask him que/ions4 ,! answ]s 7 successful 9 mo/ cases2 a s+le in/ance w suffice4 ,:5 ! boy 0 ask$ to describe ,admiral ,nelson1 he repli$3 8,i see a man clo!d 9 a d>k g>b2 !re is some?+ /range ab\t him1 he has b "o arm40 ,!n1 quickly correct+ himself1 he add$3 8,no1 ,i 0 mi/ak51 he has "o ( 8 arms across 8 brea/40 ,?is correction impress$ ^? pres5t m ?an ! fir/ /atem5t1 = x 0 well kn[n t ,nelson usually _h ! empty sleeve ( 8 coat p9n$ to 8 brea/4 ,x also seem$ z ?\gh !re c\ld be no collusion1 = bo? ! magician & ! boy 7 ignorant ( ev]y?+ ,engli% & evid5tly knew no?+ ( ,nelson4 ,un=tunately1 h[ev]1 = ^? :o w\ld fa9 believe t !re is some?+ sup]natural 9 scry+1 x 0 lat] discov]$ t ! int]pret] 0 a r5egade ,scot*man1 masqu]ad+ z an ,arab1 & !re c be little d\bt t he manag$ to sugge/ ! boy's answ]4 ,! fact t no satisfactory results 7 obta9$ :5 ?is int]pret] 0 abs5t1 makes ?is explanation almo/ c]ta9ly ! correct "o4 ,! ,arm5ians sometimes practis$ div9ation by wat*+ ! images t appe>$1 or 7 suppos$ to appe>1 on ! smoo? surface ( ! wat]s ( a well1 & ! p]son :o saw su* images 0 call$ hornaiogh1 8he :o looks into a well40 ,an ,arab woman liv+ 9 ! neighborhood ( ,con/ant9ople enjoy$ a great reputation = h] p[] 9 ?is respect1 & 0 frequ5tly consult$ by ,arm5ians & by o!r dwell]s 9 ! ,turki% capital4 ,:oev] wi%$ to "q ?is woman reg>d+ ! cause ( an illness1 ! :]eab\ts ( /ol5 objects1 etc41 usually took along a *ild ( ! h\sehold1 & ! actual scry+ 0 g5]ally p]=m$ by ?is *ild1 :o w\ld describe or id5tify ! =ms x saw on ! wat]'s surface4 ,if1 h[ev]1 = "o reason or ano!r1 no *ild 0 br\ght1 ! wit* h]self did ! scry+4 ,9 reg>d to illness1 a di/9ction 0 made betwe5 8natural0 maladies & ^? directly caus$ by "s _s4 ,%\ld ! _s 7p]i7 suppos$ to cause ! dire malady kn[n z drsv1 a k9d ( consumption1 be se5 to glide ov] ! surface ( ! wat]1 ! sorc]ess w\ld f9d x necess>y to invoke ! :ole race ( p]is to come to ! aid ( ! pati5t1 :o 0 expect$ to pay m ?an ! usual fee = ?is v special s]vice4#cjg ,! p]is ( ,arm5ian leg5d 7 sometimes good & sometimes evil spirits2 9 ! =m] case ^! 7 suppos$ to p]=m ! functions ( gu>dian angels1 & e "o 0 said to h a p]i especially delegat$ to wat* ov] him4 ,?is f\nd expression 9 ! fact t :5 "o ,arm5ian felt at fir/ sight an in/9ctive sympa?y = ano!r1 he w\ld say1 8,my p]i loves y de>ly 7p]is *ad siretz kezi740 ,9 ! contr>y case1 ! feel+ ( antipa?y 0 also attribut$ to ! attitude assum$ by ! gu>dian _s t[>d ! new acqua9tance4#cjh ,^! spirits 7 !re=e suppos$ to enc\rage or disc\rage great] intimacy ) newcom]s 9 accord ) ! true int]e/s ( ^? ov] :om !y wat*$4 ,! p[] to see images 9 a cry/al does n appe> to dep5d to any great ext5t ^u a morbid n]v\s condition ( ! se]1 = _m ( ! mo/ successful exp]im5t]s h be5 ( good & ev5 ( exceptionally vigor\s physique4 ,inde$1 illness seems to dim9i% or de/roy ?is p[]1 at lea/ 9 ! case ( ^? :o are habitually heal?y4#cji ,?is does n imply t "s highly n]v\s & ev5 hy/]ical individuals h n be5 favor$ ) 8cry/al visions40 ,v probably ! rule "h is ! same z 9 ord9>y hypnotism4 ,^? p]sons :o h a /rong w & s\nd n]ves are able to hypnotize !mselves1 :ile ^? ^: n]ves are disord]$ are subject to ! hypnotic influ5ce ( o!rs4 ,a well-kn[n lady 9 ,new ,york ,city1 9 conv]sation ) ! writ]1 a few ye>s ago1 on ! subject ( cry/al balls1 0 advis$ by him to try a ball h]self & see :at results %e obta9$4 ,at ! end ( two ye>s %e f\nd t by conc5tration %e _h be5 able to bett] h] und]/&+ ( h]self2 & ?is effect is n only obta9able n[ by means ( a cry/al ball1 b by fix+ h] gaze ^u any bright object4 ,?is visual fixation has c5tr$ h] :ole be+ 9 su* a way t h] heal? has notably improv$4 ,:at are ! laws t gov]n ! production ( ^! ph5om5a8 ,t ! 8visions0 are real en\gh has be5 prov5 "t & aga91 b x seems almo/ c]ta9 t !y d n (f] any?+ b ! ideas or impressions exi/+ 9 ! m9ds or optic n]ves ( ! gaz]s4 ,"o ( ! mo/ pa9/ak+ /ud5ts ( ! subject1 ,miss ,goodri*-,fre]1 gives _m in/ances 9 pro( ( ?is1 :i* %[ h[ easy x w\ld be = a less critical obs]v] to suppose t ! cry/al reveal$ some?+ unkn[n to ! gaz]4 ,on "o occasion ?is lady 0 at a loss to rememb] ! correct address ( a fri5d ^: lett]1 receiv$ a few days be=e1 %e _h torn up4 ,%e resort$ to h] cry/al1 & aft] a few m9utes saw 9 x1 9 gray lett]s on a :ite gr\nd1 ! address %e _h =gott54 ,%e mail$ h] answ] to ?is address1 & ! reply came duly to h&1 ) ! address /amp$ 9 gray ^u ! :ite pap] ( ! note1 :i* 0 id5tical ) t %e _h fir/ receiv$4#caj ,! visual impression _h be5 /irr$ up & 8ext]naliz$0 itself :5 %e gaz$ ^u ! cry/al4 ,we believe t ?is expla9s ! l>g] numb] ( su* visions1 & t ! re/ are only inexplicable because ! scry] has =gott5 ! s\rce ( ! impression t is project$ on ! surface ( ! cry/al4 ,illu/ration3 ,,rock-,,cry/al ,,sph]es4 ,,japanese4 7,see page #bag47 ,x is true t bo? ,miss ,goodri*-,fre] & _m o!r cry/al-gaz]s note in/ances 9 :i* ! vision appe>s to repres5t some?+ ! scry] does n & _c "k4 ,h[ev]1 ev5 9 ^! cases1 :5 c>efully exam9$1 !re is little difficulty 9 f9d+ an explanation4 ,co9cid5ce acc\nts = mu*1 & imag9ation = m1 s9ce x is n ! vision itself1 b ! memory ( ! vision1 t is lat] br\ght into comp>ison ) actual facts4 ,we all "k h[ exce$+ly h>d x is to repeat1 aft] a %ort lapse ( "t1 all ! circum/ances & details ( any occurr5ce4 ,!re is a natural gr[? & modification ( m5tal impressions1 due to association ( ideas1 & :]e !re exi/s ! lea/ wi% to make ! prophecy accord ) ! ev5t1 or ! vision ) ! co9cid5t happ5+1 ?is gr[? & modification w be 9 ! direction ( agreem5t4 ,?is takes place q unconsci\sly1 & ! in=mant w be fully p]suad$ t all ! circum/ances are relat$ exactly z !y occurr$4 ,! attempt to id5tify ei!r p]sons or sc5es obs]v$ by ! scry] ) real p]sons & real sc5es unkn[n to him1 mu/ always be op5 to ! objection t ! "o :o makes ! id5tification has no photographic impression ^u :i* to base 8 judgm5t1 b m]ely ! words ( ! scry]4 ,:5 we rememb] :at mi/akes h be5 made 9 id5tify+ individuals f photographs1 we c easily appreciate ! great *ances ( error entail$ by ! use ( a v]bal description ( a vision>y exp]i5ce1 ev5 :5 ! p]son giv+ ! description is bo? will+ & able to make x z exact & adequate z possible4 ,a v imp>tial witness1 ,&rew ,lang1 /ates t1 9 ! c\rse ( a s]ies ( exp]im5ts he made 9 cry/al-gaz+1 he saw no?+ himself1 b f\nd t a surpris+ly l>ge proportion ( ^? :o tri$ 7 successful 9 see+ pictures ( "s sort on ! poli%$ surface4 ,almo/ inv>iably1 :5 ! gaz] fix$ 8 eyes ^u ! sph]e1 x appe>$ to gr[ milky-hu$ & !n became black2 ^u ?is d>k backgr\nd ! pictures %[$ !mselves4 ,"o ( ! scry]s1 a lady1 said t z a *ild %e _h se5 pictures 9 ink t %e _h spill$ = ! purpose4#caa ,?is me?od has be5 mu* favor$ by ,ori5tals4 ,:ile ,lang does n q v5ture to ass]t t all ! 8visions0 report$ to him 7 g5u9e ones1 he incl9es to ! belief t ?is 0 ! case ) _m ( !m4 ,exp]i5ce has %[n1 h[ev]1 t n all ( ^? :o see pictures 91 or on1 a glass or cry/al sph]e1 c also see !m 9 ink4#cab ,nev]!less1 9 view ( ! fact t ! cry/al sph]e is said to appe> black to ! eye be=e ! pictures are se51 x w\ld seem t "s naturally black surface w\ld be p>ticul>ly adapt$ = ! purpose4 ,an int]e/+ po9t reg>d+ ! ph5om5a ( cry/al-gaz+ is ! effect produc$ by magnification ^u ! images se5 91 or on1 ! cry/al ball4 ,z to ?is matt] !re is consid]able diff]5ce ( op9ion1 =1 :ile "s exp]im5t]s ass]t t ! int]position ( a magnify+-glass enl>ges ! image1 o!rs h n rem>k$ any diff]5ce 9 its size "u ^! conditions4 ,inde$1 "o ( ! mo/ critical witnesses1 ,mrs4 ,a4 ,w4 ,v]rall1 decl>es t h] vision entirely disappe>$ :5 %e held a magnify+-glass be=e h] eyes4 ,on ! o!r h&1 we h ! case ( a subject :o _h be5 told1 :ile 9 ! hypnotic /ate1 t he w\ld see a play-bill on ! cry/al4 ,:5 he 0 awak5$ & ! cry/al ball 0 plac$ be=e him1 he said t he c\ld see only deta*$ lett]s1 b :5 he look$ ?r\gh a magnify+-glass he saw all ! lett]s di/9ctly & read ! "n ( ! play1 9 p]fect accord ) ! sugge/ion4#cac ,?is image may h be5 reflect$ f "s "p ( ! room :]e ! gaz] _h n notic$ x1 & may h be5 ei!r be=e or beh9d ! op]ator4 ,! magnify+-glass w\ld naturally make ! small1 cond5s$ lett]s legible1 z a play-bill w\ld be _m times l>g] ?an a cry/al ball1 & its m9ute image naturally too small to read1 be+ r$uc$ by ! circul> surface4 ,usually1 h[ev]1 ! image is n on ! surface ( ! cry/al1 b 9 ! behold]'s eye2 !re=e :5 ?is image appe>s m cle>ly "u magnification1 ! result is due to ! expectation ( ! gaz] bas$ ^u 8 exp]i5ce ( an inv>iable rule4 ,?is acts z a /imulus ^u ! visual function1 :i* mu/ be 9 an exce$+ly s5sitive /ate to produce visions at all4 ,:51 h[ev]1 no result or a negative result foll[s ! use ( ! glass1 !n we c safely assume t ! gaz] 0 naturally ( a critical turn ( m9d1 & 0 dispos$ to di/ru/ s5sual impressions2 h5ce ! glass became a di/urb+ influ5ce1 int]f]+ ) or ev5 completely oblit]at+ ! eye-picture4 ,_m attempts h be5 made to e/abli% di/9ctions betwe5 ! diff]5t mat]ials us$ = cry/als1 proce$+ on ! !ory t subtle emanations f !m affect$ ! gaz] & play$ an important "p 9 produc+ ! desir$ vision4 ,t ! b]yl produc$ a great] numb] ( ^! visions ?an any o!r m9]al 0 ! old belief :i* is /ill upheld 9 "s qu>t]s to-day2 "o scry]1 inde$1 ass]ts t 8 cle>e/ & mo/ satisfactory visions 7 se5 9 a cube ( blue b]yl1 ! beautiful color appe>+ to dispose ! s\l to a h>moni\s unfold+ ( its lat5t aptitudes4#cad ,among ! in/ructions giv5 to a w\ld-be cry/al gaz]1 ! "q ( a prop] & :olesome diet is n ov]look$1 z any?+ :i* t5ds to di/urb ! s]5ity ( ! organism w also int]f]e ) ! due ex]cise ( ! special clairvoyant faculty t expresses itself 9 cry/al visions4 ,a curi\s special recomm5dation made by "o ( ! expon5ts ( ! art is t good results c be _h by dr9k+ an infusion ( mugwort 7,artemisia vulg>is71 or ( *icory 7,ci*orium intybus71 because ( _! tonic & antibili\s qualities4 ,moreov]1 we are told t ^! h]bs are "u ! influ5ce ( ! zodiacal sign ,libra1 ! sign controll+ ! virtues ( ! b]yl4#cae ,above all ! portion ( ! lun> mon? :5 ! moon is on ! increase is said to be f> ! be/ season = scry+1 z ! old a/rolog]s recogniz$ an aff9ity betwe5 ! moon & rock-cry/al4 ,! claim is made t ! adept at cry/al-gaz+ c det]m9e by ! app>5t diff]5ce 9 proximity ( ! visions :e!r !y ref] to ! pres5t or to a m or less remote pa/ or future1 t is to say1 are ne>] or f>!r remov$ 9 "t f ! p]iod :5 ! vision appe>s4 ,! di/9ction betwe5 pa/ & future is admitt$ to (f] great] difficulty & a decision z to ?is po9t mu/ dep5d ^u a k9d ( intuitive & undef9$ impression on ! "p ( ! scry]4 ,^? :o h made a sympa!tic /udy ( cry/al-gaz+ recognize t ! 8visions0 se5 9 or on ! cry/al diff] accord+ to ! m5tal & psy*ic temp]am5t ( ! scry]4 ,two broad di/9ctions are sometimes e/abli%$1 ! "o class compris+ ^? ^: m5tal attitude is a 8positive0 "o :ile ! second class includes ! 8passive0 subjects4 ,9 ! =m] case ! cry/al visions are m apt to be symbols d5ot+ "s pa/ or future ev5t ?an a cle> picture ( ! ev5t itself1 ! m5tality ( ! 8positive0 subject be+1 p]haps1 too /rong m]ely to mirror ! image ca/ ^u x4 ,in/ead ( s do+ x trans=ms ! impression receiv$ f ?is image into "s symbolic =m4 ,?is process is n1 h[ev]1 consci\sly done1 b ! scry] ( ?is type is suppos$ nev]!less to h an in/9ctive appreciation ( ! fact t :at he sees is purely & simply a symbol1 & he proce$s to int]pret ?is 9 accord ) c]ta9 g5]ally receiv$ rules1 or 9 accord ) 8 own p]sonal exp]i5ce4 ,! passive subject on ! o!r h& is m apt to see a cle> & def9ite picture ( ! p]sons or ev5ts reveal$ to him4 ,sometimes t picture is di/9ctly p]ceptible on or ab\t ! surface ( ! cry/al1 :ile at o!r times ! visual p]ception w be r indef9ite & cl\d$1 al?\gh accompani$ by a /rong m5tal impression 9 itself equival5t to t :i* w\ld h be5 induc$ by an actual & objective vision4#caf ,! prop] use ( ! cry/al is ! prime factor 9 ! art ( scry+ & great att5tion is paid to ?is po9t by all ^? :o treat s]i\sly ( ! subject4 ,among o!r ?+s !y recognize t fre$om f pa91 or ev5 f a s5se ( physical discom=t1 is q ess5tial1 = ! m9d mu/ assume a purely passive & receptive attitude1 & n be =c$ to take cognizance ( bodily discom=t4 ,moreov] ! n]v\s sy/em mu/ be 9 repose1 = :i* reason a reasonable "t %\ld be all[$ to lapse aft] tak+ a meal1 be=e try+ = cry/al visions4#cag ,an au?or on 8psy*omancy0 affirms t fix+ ! gaze ^u a cry/al ball is "o ( ! v be/ means ( br++ out ! lat5t faculty ( a/ral vision1 & he f9ds a reason = ?is 9 ! atomic /ructure1 ! molecul> arrangem5t ( ! mat]ial4 ,he does n1 h[ev]1 imp>t any def9ite in=mation z to :at special /ructural *>act]i/ics r5d] glass or rock-cry/al p>ticul>ly effici5t 9 ?is direction4#cah ,! help t may be d]iv$ f cry/al-gaz+ by ^? :o are /riv+ to pi]ce ! veil t sep>ates ! 8real life0 ab\t u f t spiritual life :i* is s mu* m real = ^? :o believe 9 x1 is also admitt$ by _m4#cai ,we _c refra9 f cit+ "h ! words spok5 by ,sir ,oliv] ,lodge at ,birm+ham1 ,sept4 #aj1 #aiac1 be=e ! ,briti% ,association = ! ,advancem5t ( ,sci5ce1 affirm+ 8 conviction1 z a result ( sci5tific inve/igation ( occult ph5om5a1 8t memory & affection are n limit$ to t association ) matt] by :i* alone !y c manife/ !mselves "h & n[1 & t p]sonality p]si/s beyond bodily dea?40 ,"o ( ! late/ types ( glass balls = cry/al-gaz+ has a small1 circul>1 flat surface on ! sph]e4 ,?is may possibly be ( s]vice 9 furni%+ a bett] field = ! expect$ vision1 & may also less5 ! tr\blesome & baffl+ reflections :i* int]f]e s s]i\sly ) ! projection ( ! m5tal picture4 ,a me?od t has be5 recomm5d$ to cry/al-gaz]s is to place ! cry/al on a table1 protect x f ! reflections ( surr\nd+ objects by means ( a velvet scre51 & set sev5 c&le/icks ) wax tap]s 9 front ( ! scre54 ,! tap]s are !n to be light$1 ! room be+ o!rwise 9 p]fect d>kness1 & ! w\ld-be scry] is to seat himself com=tably be=e ! table1 lay+ 8 h&s flat ^u x1 & to gaze fix$ly ^u ! cry/al = half an h\r or long]4 ,! light f ! tap]s w c]ta9ly ensure a multitude ( light po9ts 9 ! cry/al4 ,t ! molecules =m+ ! sph]e may always rema9 en rapport ) ! gaz]1 he is advis$ to put x b5ea? 8 pill[ :5 retir+ to re/4#cbj ,! cry/al gaz] is /rongly advis$ by "s to limit ! duration ( 8 exp]im5t at fir/ to five m9utes1 dur+ :i* he is to avoid ?9k+ ( any?+ 9 p>ticul> :ile keep+ 8 eyes fix$ int5tly ^u ! ball1 b )\t any undue /ra9+ ( att5tion4 ,%\ld ! eyes 8wat]0 aft] ! te/ is conclud$1 ?is is to be reg>d$ z an indication t ! gaz] has p]si/$ too long2 = bra9-fag is to be /rictly avoid$1 z su* a /ate depresses in/ead ( ar\s+ ! hidd5 & high] psy*ic faculties4 ,ev5 aft] consid]able practice1 ! scry+ %\ld n be c>ri$ on = m ?an a few m9utes at a "t4 ,! faculty ( visualization plays a mo/ important "p 9 cry/al-gaz+4 ,! image ?\ght to be se5 on1 be=e1 or beh9d ! surface ( ! cry/al1 is 9 its ess5ce a fanci$ projection ( a purely m5tal image conceiv$ 9 ! bra92 su* an image z is pres5t to ! consci\sness ( _m :5 !y call to m9d a sc5e ( "s vivid pa/ exp]i5ce1 or ! face ( someone !y h kn[n1 & see x z an elem5t ( consci\sness4 ,:5 x is possible to ext]nalize ?is int]ior vision1 !n we h at lea/ a beg9n+ ( successful scry+4 ,t x may g f> beyond ?is1 t x may reveal to ! gaz] ev5ts happ5+ 9 "s di/ant place1 or ev5 ev5ts yet to transpire 9 ! dim future1 is (t5 claim$4 ,an acceptance ( ?is claim mu/ dep5d l>gely ^u our attitude t[>d premonitions & prophecies 9 g5]al4 ,"h1 z 9 ! simple picture evolv$ by an image ( ! pa/1 ! cry/al is m]ely ! backgr\nd ^u :i* are ca/ ! m9d-pictures or s\l-pictures aris+ )9 our be+4#cba ,a use ( cry/al gaz+ to aid lit]>y composition has be5 report$ 9 ! case ( an ,engli% au?oress ( note1 :o1 if %e lo/ ! ?read ( ! /ory %e 0 writ+1 w\ld resort to h] cry/al1 & w\ld see mirror$ !re9 ! sc5es & p]sonages ( h] tale1 ! latt] c>ry+ on ! plot 9 dramatic action4 ,aid$ by ?is sugge/ion %e 0 able to resume h] composition & successfully t]m9ate h] /ory4 ,illu/ration3 ,,cry/al ,,ball1 ,,support$ ,,by ,,bronze ,,dragon4 ,,japanese4 ,9 ,japan ! small] rock-cry/als 7 believ$ to be ! congeal$ brea? ( ! ,:ite ,dragon1 :ile ! l>g] & m brilliant ones 7 said to be ! saliva ( ! ,violet ,dragon4 ,z ! dragon 0 emblematic ( ! highe/ p[]s ( creation1 ?is indicates ! e/eem 9 :i* ! sub/ance 0 held by ! ,japanese1 :o probably d]iv$ _! appreciation ( x f ! ,*9ese4 ,! "n sui%o1 us$ bo? 9 ,*9a & ,japan to designate rock-cry/al1 reflects ! idea curr5t 9 anci5t times1 & repeat$ ev5 by sev5te5? c5tury writ]s1 t rock-cry/al 0 ice :i* _h be5 s long congeal$ t x c\ld n be liquefi$4 ,= ! ,japanese1 rock-cry/al is ! 8p]fect jewel10 tama2 x is at once a symbol ( purity & ( ! inf9ity ( space1 & also ( pati5ce & p]sev]ance4 ,?is latt] significance probably orig9at+ f an obs]vation ( ! pati5ce & skill %[n by ! accurate & pa9/ak+ ,japanese cutt]s & poli%]s ( rock-cry/al4 ,a cry/al ball1 "o ( ! l>ge/ p]fect sph]es ev] produc$1 has be5 made f rock-cry/al ( ,madagasc>4 ,x is a v p]fect sph]e & ( faultless mat]ial4 ,! diamet] is #f in*es & ! ball 0 held at ab\t #bj1jjj4 ,_m f9e cry/al balls are made 9 ,japan1 ! mat]ials be+ f\nd 9 l>ge1 cle> masses 9 ! m\nta9s on ! isl&s ( ,nippon & ,fusiyama & also 9 ! granitic rocks ( ,c5tral ,japan4 ,x is /at$1 h[ev]1 t mu* ( ! ,japanese mat]ial really comes f ,*9a4 ,! ,japanese me?ods ( work+ rock-cry/als are extremely simple & dep5d m ^u ! skill & pati5ce ( ! work]s ?an ^u ! tools at _! comm&4 ,our illu/ration1 tak5 f a sket* made by an ,ori5tal travell]1 %[s ! process ( manufactur+ cry/al balls4 ,! r\gh mass ( cry/al is gradually r\nd$ by c>eful *ipp+ ) a small /eel hamm]4 ,) ! aid ( ?is tool alone a p]fect sph]e is =m$4 ,! ,japanese workm5 ?or\ghly und]/& ! fracture ( ! m9]al1 & "k j :5 to apply *ipp+ & :5 hamm]+4 ,! cry/al1 hav+ be5 r$uc$ to a sph]ical =m1 is h&$ to a gr9d]1 ^: tools consi/ ( cyl9drical pieces ( ca/ iron1 ab\t a foot 9 l5g?1 & full ( p]=ations4 ,^! cyl9d]s are ( diff]5t curvatures1 accord+ to ! size ( ! cry/al to be gr\nd4 ,p[d]$ em]y & g>net are us$ = ! fir/ poli%+4 ,pl5ty ( wat] is suppli$ dur+ ! process1 & ! balls are kept con/antly turn+1 9 ord] to secure a true sph]ical surface4 ,sometimes !y are fix$ on ! end ( a holl[ tube & kept dext]\sly turn+ 9 ! h& until smoo?4 ,! f9al poli%+ is effect$ ) crocus or r\ge 7f9ely divid$ hematite71 giv+ a spl5did lu/r\s surface4 ,z h& labor is exclusively us$1 ! manufacture ( cry/al objects accord+ to ! ,japanese me?ods is extremely labori\s & sl[4#cbb ,illu/ration3 ,by p]mission ( ! 8,sci5tific ,am]ican40 ,,me?od ,,( ,,gr9d+ ,,cry/al ,,balls ,,& ,,o!r ,,h>d ,,/one ,,objects ,,9 ,,g]many ,,& ,,france4 ,illu/ration3 ,by p]mission ( ! 8,sci5tific ,am]ican40 ,,japanese ,,me?od ,,( ,,*ipp+1 ,,gr9d+ ,,& ,,poli%+ ,,rock-,,cry/al ,,balls4 ,9 ,g]many & ,france & 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 ! fabrication ( rock-cry/al is accompli%$ almo/ entirely by ma*9]y4 ,! cry/al to be %ap$ into a ball is plac$ aga9/ a semicircul> groove worn 9 huge gr9d/ones4 ,?is is illu/rat$ 9 ! case ( ! me?od practis$ 9 ,ob]/e91 ,g]many4 ,! workman has 8 feet firmly brac$ aga9/ a support1 &1 re/+ ^u 8 *e/1 presses ! cry/al aga9/ ! revolv+ gr9d/one4 ,x is unnecess>y to add t ! practice is extremely un:olesome & develops e>ly consumption among ! work]s4 ,a con/ant /ream ( wat] is kept fl[+ ov] ! /one s t ! cry/al %all always be moi/1 z ! friction w\ld o!rwise hurt x1 & ! subsequ5t addition ( wat] w\ld be liable to cause a fracture4 ,! f9al poli%+ is done on a wood5 :eel ) tripoli1 or by means ( a lea!r buff] ) tripoli or r\ge4#cbc ,!re are ?ree f9e cry/al balls 9 ! collection ( ! ,am]ican ,museum ( ,natural ,hi/ory4 ,"o1 app>5tly p]fect1 measures #e in*es 9 diamet] & 0 cut f a cry/al f\nd 9 ,mokolumne1 ,calav]as ,co41 ,cali=nia2 ! second is #f in*es 9 diamet] & is f ! same locality1 b n entirely p]fect4 ,^! 7 %[n 9 ! dep>tm5t ( ! ,tiffany ,collection prep>$ by ! au?or1 & 7 exhibit$ at ! ,p>is ,exposition ( #aijj z "p ( ! ,j4 ,pi]pont ,morgan gift to ! ,am]ican ,museum ( ,natural ,hi/ory4 ,ano!r f9e cry/al ball is n[ to be se5 9 ! ,am]ican ,museum ( ,natural ,hi/ory1 ,new ,york2 ?is 0 donat$ to ! in/itution4 ,x measures #d-aa_/af in*es 9 diamet]1 is ( wond]ful purity1 & ! cutt+ has be5 execut$ ) su* a high degree ( precision t an ideally p]fect sph]e has be5 produc$4#cbd ,cry/al balls h be5 f\nd occasionally 9 tombs or 9 fun]>y urns1 & _! pres5ce 9 sepul*res may p]haps be consid]$ to h be5 due to a belief t !y possess$ c]ta9 magic prop]ties4 ,9 ! tomb ( ,*ild]ic 7ca4 #dcf-dha ,a4,d471 ! fa!r ( ,clovis1 a rock-cry/al sph]e 0 f\nd :i* 0 = a "t pres]v$ 9 ! ,biblio?que ,royale1 ,p>is1 & lat] 9 ! ,l\vre ,museum2 x measures #a in*es 9 diamet]4#cbe ,! *ance discov]y ( a numb] ( cry/al balls is relat$ by ,montfaucon4 ,t[>ds ! end ( ! sixte5? c5tury1 ! canons ( ,san ,giovanni 9 ,lat]ano1 ,rome1 wi%$ to h "s repairs made to a h\se !y own$1 j outside ( ! city walls1 & s5t ?i!r "s workm5 ) ! ord] to break up or remove two l>ge1 sup]impos$ /ones1 :i* 7 mu* 9 ! way4 ,! workm5 proce$$ to break ! upp] /one1 b 7 mu* a/oni%$ to f9d emb$d$ )9 x an alaba/] fun]>y urn ) its cov]4 ,?is _h be5 hidd5 betwe5 ! two /ones1 a space = its reception hav+ be5 holl[$ out 9 ! upp] & l[] /ones1 s t x fitt$ )9 !m4 ,op5+ ! urn !re 7 f\nd inside1 m+l$ ) ! a%es1 tw5ty cry/al balls1 a gold r+ ) a /one sett+1 a ne$le1 an ivory comb1 & "s bits ( gold wire4 ,! pres5ce ( ! ne$le 0 tak5 to indicate conclusively t ! a%es 7 ^? ( a woman4#cbf ,! discov]y ( ! tomb ( ,*ild]ic 0 made1 ,may #bg1 #afec1 by a deaf-mute mason1 nam$ ,adri5 ,qu9qu91 :ile he 0 excavat+ = ! re/oration ( "o ( ! dep5d5cies ( ! *ur* ( ,sa9t ,brice de ,t\rnai4 ,"o ( ! mo/ int]e/+ objects f\nd 9 ! tomb 0 ! gold5 signet ( ,*ild]ic be>+ 8 head & ! leg5d ,*ild]ici regis4 ,! e>lie/ description is giv5 9 a "w by ,*iflet entitl$ 8,ana/asis ,*ild]ici10 8,resurrection ( ,*ild]ic10 publi%$ by ,plant9 ( ,antw]p 9 #afee4 ,! v>i\s ornam5ts 7 s5t by ! ,spani% ,gov]nor-,g5]al ( ! ,ne!rl&s to ! ,au/rian treasury 9 ,vi5na1 & 7 n long aft]w>d1 9 #affd1 graci\sly donat$ by ,emp]or ,leopold ,i to ,k+ ,l\is ,,xiv1 at ! in/ance ( ,johann ,philip ( ,s*onborn1 ,ar*bi%op ( ,ma9z1 :o 0 "u great obligation to ! ,fr5* sov]eign4 ,illu/ration3 ,,rock-,,cry/al ,,sph]e4 ,japan1 five in*es diamet]4 ,morgan collection1 ,am]ican ,museum ( ,natural ,hi/ory1 ,new ,york4 ,9 ,p>is ! v>i\s ornam5ts 7 pres]v$ 9 ! ,biblio?que ,royale until ! night ( ,novemb] #e-f1 #ahca1 :5 _m ( !m1 ) o!r valuables1 7 /ol5 by an ex-convict4 ,closely pursu$ by ! police1 ! ?ief ?rew 8 booty into ! ,se9e2 mu* ( ! plund] 0 subsequ5tly recov]$1 b ! signet ( ,*ild]ic 0 lo/ = ev]4 ,! cry/al ball _h n seem$ ( suffici5t value to tempt ! ?ief & 0 left undi/urb$2 x 0 lat]1 9 #aheb1 deposit$ 9 ! ,l\vre ,museum4#cbg ,9 a p]sonal communication to ,abb ,co*et made 9 #aheh by ,mr4 ,?omas ,wright1 ! latt] /at$ t he _h se5 at ,d[n+ 9 ,fl9t%ire ) ,"l ,field+ five cry/al balls1 be>+ labels decl>+ t !y came f ! sepul*res ( ! k+s ( ,france violat$ at ! "t ( ! ,fr5* ,revolution4 ,!y _h be5 pur*as$ ab\t #ahaj at ! sale ( ! ,du*ess ( ,portl&'s effects4#cbh ,among ! cry/al balls f\nd 9 ,fr5* sepul*res may be not$ "o discov]$ by ,rigollot 9 #ahec at ,arras1 & pres]v$ 9 ! ,museum ( t city2 ?is /ill has ! orig9al gold m\nt+ s]v+ to atta* x to ! necklace f :i* x _h be5 worn susp5d$4 ,ano!r f\nd at or ne> ,levas 0 9 ! possession ( ,m4 ,dancoise1 a not>y ( ,hn9-,lit>d1 dept4 ,pas de ,calais4#cbi ,9 ! ,biblio?que at ,dieppe !re is a cry/al ball1 #cb mm4 9 diamet]1 f\nd at ,d\vr5d1 dept4 ,se9e-,inf]ieure1 9 #ahch1 9 a ,m]ov+ian tomb2 ?is is pi]c$ ?r\gh4#ccj ,! dep>tm5t ( ,moselle suppli$ ?ree discov]ies ( ?is k9d1 cry/al balls hav+ be5 f\nd 9 a tomb at ,/4 ,preux-la-,montagne1 ,sablon & ,mo9eville ne> ,briey1 ! latt] measur+ #cf mm4 9 diamet]4#cca ,! ,saxon tombs ( ,engl& h also furni%$ a cont+5t ( cry/al balls1 = example at ,*a?am1 at ,*assel ,d[n on ! ,isle ( ,wight1 :]e f\r 7 discov]$1 at ,brea* ,d[n1 ,b>ham1 ne> ,cant]bury1 at ,fair=d1 ,gl\ce/]%ire1 & also 9 ,k5t4#ccb ,we %\ld also note a cry/al ball f\nd 9 a fun]>y urn at ,h9sbury ,hill1 ,nor?ampton%ire2#ccc ?is z well z ! "o f\nd at ,fair=d 0 facett$4#ccd ,f ,/4 ,ni*olas1 ,worce/]%ire1 is report$ a cry/al ball #a in*es 9 diamet]4#cce ,9 8 8,hydrotaphia1 or ,urn ,burial10 publi%$ 9 #afeh1 ,sir ,?omas ,br[ne 7#afje-afhb71 au?or ( ! 8,religio ,m$ici10 relates t !re 0 at t "t 9 ! possession ( ,c>d9al ,f>nese1 an urn 9 :i*1 besides a numb] ( antique engrav$ gems1 an ape ( agate1 & an elephant ( amb]1 !re _h be5 f\nd a cry/al ball & six 8nuts0 ( cry/al4#ccf ,"o ( ! l>ge/ & mo/ p]fect cry/al balls is 9 ! ,dresd5 8,grne ,gewlbe0 7,gre5 ,vaults74 ,?is weighs #ae ,g]man p\nds & measures #f in*es 9 diamet]2 x 0 und\bt$ly us$ = purposes ( augury4 ,t5 ?\s& doll>s 0 ! price paid = x 9 #aghj4 ,a cry/al ball kn[n z ! ,currahmore ,cry/al1 because x is kept at ! seat ( t "n belong+ to ! ,m>quis ( ,wat]=d1 has long enjoy$ & /ill enjoys ! repute ( possess+ magical p[]s4 ,x is ( rock-cry/al1 & ! leg5d runs t "o ( ! ,le ,po]s br\ght x f ! ,holy ,l&1 :]e x _h be5 giv5 him by ! great crusad] ,godefroy de ,b\illon 7#ajeh-aajj74 ,! ball is a trifle l>g] ?an an orange & a silv] r+ encircles x at ! middle4 ,! *ief & mu*-priz$ virtue ( ?is cry/al is its p[] to cure cattle ( any "o ( ! _m di/emp]s to :i* !y are subject4 ,its application = ?is purpose is r peculi>1 = ! cattle are n t\*$ ) x1 b driv5 up & d[n a /ream 9 :i* x has be5 laid4 ,n only 9 ! imm$iate neighborhood ( ,currahmore is resort _h to ?is magic /one by ! peasants1 b reque/s = its loan are (t5 made f f> di/ant p>ts ( ,irel&4 ,! privilege is almo/ always accord$ & has nev] be5 abus$1 ! cry/al be+ 9 e case consci5ti\sly return$ to its rightful own]4#ccg ,! names 8gho/-cry/als10 8phantom-cry/als10 8spectre-cry/als10 8%ad[-cry/als10 etc41 are appli$ to a =m ( qu>tz 9 :i* ! cry/allization 0 int]rupt$ f "t to "t1 s t 9 ! transp>5t successive lay]s !re is an occasional opaque lay]1 (t5 no ?ick] ?an ! f9e/ possible du/+ ( a :it] mat]ial4 ,sometimes z _m z fifte5 or tw5ty ( ^! successive gr[?s are obs]vable1 "o ov] ! o!r4 ,:5 ^! cry/als are 9 ! natural =m1 !y %[ beautifully f ! sides & ends4 ,sometimes su* cry/als are f\nd aft] !y h be5 roll$ 9 ! b$s ( m\nta9 torr5ts until !y h become entirely opaque1 b :5 ! surfaces are poli%$1 ! 8phantom10 8spectre10 or 8gho/10 appe>s ) wond]ful beauty4 ,occasionally ! entire cry/al has be5 worn d[n to a small "p ( ! orig9al prism1 9 :i* case x is cut into a ball4 ,! ball may seem to be absolutely pure1 b :5 held 9 c]ta9 lights little t5t-l m>k+s c (t5 be obs]v$2 sometimes only "o m>k+ is visible1 b !re may be z _m z tw5ty4 ,^! are occasionally due to a lay] ( smoky mat]ial1 &1 ?\gh !y add a *>m to ! ball1 !y detract f its value4 ,nev]!less1 cry/al-gaz]s may f9d an additional int]e/ :5 ! 8gho/ly0 or 8spectral0 int]ior exi/s 9 a cry/al ball4 ,?is gr[? is simil> 9 k9d to t se5 at times 9 opaque qu>tz1 =m+ :at is kn[n z cap-qu>tz2 "h ! cry/allizations c frequ5tly be brok5 ap>t s t !y fit "o ov] ! o!r 9 _m successive lay]s4 ,occasionally ! regul> cry/all9e developm5t w be int]rupt$1 z x 71 & 9 place ( ! orig9al cry/al cont9u+ its gr[? h>moni\sly1 a l>g] cry/al w =m on a small] "o1 =m+ a sort ( mu%room1 or 8cap10 or 8/ilt0 qu>tz1 z x is t]m$4 ,illu/ration3 8,,phantom ,,cry/al0 ,,( ,,qu>tz 7,,rock-,,cry/al7 ,,madagasc>4 ,9 possession ( ! au?or4 ,illu/ration3 #a4 ,rock-cry/al1 engrav$ ) a map ( ! _w4 ,russian "w4 #b1 #c4 ,rock-cry/al balls 7"o elipsoidal7 m\nt$ 9 silv]4 ,probably twelf? or ?irte5? c5tury4 ,us$ = ornam5ts & possibly = scry+ purposes4 ,collection ( ,sir ,*>les ,h]cules ,read4 ,,vii ,religi\s ,uses ( ,preci\s ,/ones1 ,pagan1 ,hebrew1 & ,*ri/ian4 ,! use ( /ones = ! decoration ( images ( ! gods1 & 9 religi\s c]emonies1 m especially 9 ^? connect$ ) ! burial ( ! dead1 c be trac$ back to a remote antiquity4 ,inde$1 we may reg>d ?is religi\s use ( preci\s or peculi> /ones z ! natural developm5t ( ! orig9al idea ( _! talismanic virtue4 ,if a c]ta9 sup]natural ess5ce manife/$ itself 9 ! /one1 :at m fit object c\ld be imag9$ = ! decoration ( /atues ( ! gods1 or to be> engrav$ texts f ! sacr$ writ+s1 & to be plac$ ) ! bodies ( ! dead z 8passports0 to ensure ! safe entry ( ! s\ls ( ! dep>t$ into ! bett] l&8 ,:ile ?is employm5t ( m9]al sub/ances = religi\s purposes is practically univ]sal1 ! e>lie/ record$ in/ances come f ,egypt1 & conc]n ! ,egyptian cu/om ( engrav+ texts f a v anci5t ritual composition1 call$ ! ,book ( ! ,dead1 ^u c]ta9 semi-preci\s /ones :i* _h be5 cut into v>i\s symbolical =ms4 ,?is 8,book ( ! ,dead10 compos$ ( a numb] ( di/9ct *apt]s1 ea* complete 9 itself1 describes ! passage ( ! s\l ( ! deceas$ ?r\gh ! realm ( ! dead 7,am5ti74 ,"h ! s\l addresses ! gods & o!r be+s :o receive x1 & ! pray]s & invocations recit$ 9 ! *apt]s are suppos$ to procure a safe passage & protection f all evil influ5ces or imp$im5ts4 ,"o ( ! mo/ usual ( ! engrav$ amulets is ! buckle or tie 7!t74 ,?is 0 g5]ally ( r$ jasp]1 c>nelian1 or r$ porphyry1 or else ( r$ glass or fai5ce or ( sycamore wood4 ,! wood 0 symbolical ( ! blood ( ,isis1 & ! amulets 7 sometimes engrav$ ) ! #aef? *apt] ( ! ,book ( ! ,dead2 !y 7 plac$ on ! mummy's neck4 ,! =mula engrav$ reads3 ,*apt] ( ! buckle ( c>nelian :i* is put on ! neck ( ! deceas$4 ,! blood ( ,isis1 ! virtue ( ,isis2 ! magic p[] ( ,isis1 ! magic p[] ( ! ,eye are protect+ ?is ! ,great "o2 !y prev5t any wrong be+ done to him4 ,?is *apt] is said on a buckle ( c>nelian dipp$ into ! juice ( ankhama1 inlaid into ! sub/ance ( ! sycamore-wood & put on ! neck ( ! deceas$4 ,:oev] has ?is *apt] read to him1 ! virtue ( ,isis protects him2 ,horus1 ! son ( ,isis1 rejoices 9 see+ him1 & no way is b>r$ to him1 unfail+ly4#cch ,ano!r amulet is ! tet4 ,! hi]oglyph repres5ts a mason's table & ! ^w signifies 8firmness1 /ability1 pres]vation40 ,^! figures1 made ( fai5ce1 gold1 c>nelian1 lapis-lazuli1 & o!r mat]ials1 7 plac$ on ! neck ( ! mummy to af=d protection4#cci ,! 8papyrus scept]10 uat1 is usually cut f matrix-em]ald or made ( fai5ce ( simil> hue4 ,uat means 8v]dure1 fl\ri%+1 gre5ness02 plac$ on ! neck ( ! mummy x 0 reg>d$ z emblematic ( ! et]nal y\? x 0 hop$ ! deceas$ w\ld enjoy 9 ! realm ( ! dead4 ,9 ! #aei? *apt] ( ! ,book ( ! ,dead1 we read ( an uat ( matrix-em]ald2 x 0 believ$ to be ! gift ( ,?o?1 s]v+ to protect ! limbs ( ! deceas$4#cdj ,! amulet repres5t+ ! pill[1 urs1 0 g5]ally made ( hematite4 ,! #aff? *apt] ( ! ,book ( ! ,dead is sometimes engrav$ !reon4 ,dr4 ,budge r5d]s ?is z foll[s3 ,rise up f non-exi/5ce1 ,o pro/rate "o6 ,!y wat* ov] ?y head at ! exalt$ horizon4 ,?\ ov]?r[e/ ?9e enemies2 ?\ triumphe/ ov] :at !y d aga9/ !e1 z ,horus1 ! av5g] ( 8 fa!r1 ?is ,osiris#cda has comm&$ to be done = !e4 ,?\ cutte/ (f ! heads ( ?9e enemies2 nev] %all !y c>ry (f f !e ?y head 7874 ,v]ily ,osiris make? slaught] at ! com+ =? ( ! heads ( 8 enemies2 may !y nev] remove 8 head f him4 ,( all ^! amulets1 ! type mo/ frequ5tly enc\nt]$ has ! %ape ( a he>t1 ab4 ,^! are f\nd ( c>nelian1 gre5 jasp]1 basalt1 lapis-lazuli1 & o!r h>d mat]ials4 ,! he>t1 reg>d$ 9 anci5t ,egypt z ! seat ( life1 0 ! object ( especial c>e aft] dea?4 ,enclos$ 9 a special receptacle x 0 buri$ ) ! mummy1 & ! belief 0 t only aft] x _h be5 weigh$ 9 ! balance ( ! und]world1 aga9/ ! symbol ( law1 c\ld x rega9 its place 9 ! body ( ! deceas$4 ,! he>t 0 symbolically repres5t$ by ! sc>ab4#cdb ,a f9e example ( a he>t amulet %[s on "o side ! figure ( ! goddess ,nei? ) ! p5nu bird or phnix1 an emblem ( ! resurrection1 & be>s inscrib$ ! *apt] ( ! he>t4#cdc ,! foll[+ extract f ! ,book ( ! ,dead treats ( ! =mula to be recit$ ov] a fun]al sc>ab cut f a h>d /one1 p]haps ! lapis-lazuli4 ,egyptian tradition assign$ ?is *apt] to ! reign ( ,semti1 ! fif? k+ ( ! #a/ ,dyna/y1 ab\t #ddjj ,b4,c4#cdd ,*apt] ( n all[+ a man's he>t to oppose him 9 ! div9e regions ( ! ne!r _w4 ,my he>t :i* came f my "m1 my he>t necess>y = my exi/5ce on e>?1 d n rise up aga9/ me1 d n te/ify z an adv]s>y aga9/ me among ! div9e *iefs 9 reg>d to :at ,i h done be=e ! gods2 d n sep>ate f me be=e ! great "l ( ,am5ti4 ,hail to !e1 ,o he>t ( ,osiris1 dwell+ 9 ! ,we/6 ,hail to y1 gods ( ! braid$ be>d1 augu/ by y\r sceptre6 ,speak well ( ! ,osiris ,n2 make him prosp] by ,nehbka4 ,i am reunit$ ) ! e>?1 ,i am n dead 9 ,am5ti4 ,!re ,i am a pure _s = et]nity4 ,to be said ov] a sc>abu fa%ion$ f a h>d /one1 coat$ ) gold1 & plac$ on ! he>t ( ! man aft] he has be5 ano9t$ ) oil4 ,! foll[+ words %\ld be said ov] him z a magic *>m3 8,my he>t :i* came f my "m1 my he>t is necess>y = me 9 my trans=mations40 ,take y\r alim5ts1 pass ar\nd ! turquoise bas91 & g to him :o is 9 8 temple & f :om ! gods proce$4 ,! mo/ anci5t inscription ( ?is especially favorite text is on ! pl9? ( a sc>ab 9 ! ,briti% ,museum be>+ ! c>t\*e ( ,sebak-em-saf1 a k+ ( ! ,,xiv ,dyna/y1 #bcjj ,b4,c4 ,x is made f an exceptionally f9e piece ( gre5 jasp]1 ! body & head ( ! beetle be+ c>efully c>v$ out ( ! /one1 :ile ! legs are ( gold1 c>v$ 9 relief4 ,! sc>ab is ins]t$ into a gold base ( tabloid =m1 & 0 f\nd at ,kurna 7,!bes7 by ,mr4 ,salt4 ,z gre5 jasp] 0 believ$ to possess altoge!r exceptional virtues z an amulet1 ?is p>ticul> sc>ab 0 probably reg>d$ z especially sacr$4 ,illu/ration3 ,,amb] ,,he>t-,,%ap$ ,,amulet4 ,italian1 sev5te5? c5tury4 ,illu/ration3 ,,an ,,inscrib$ ,,sc>ab 7,,gre5 ,,/one7 ,,( ,,! ,,type ,,kn[n ,,z ,a ,,he>t-,,sc>ab4 ,,date ,,ab\t #acjj ,b4,c4 ,! ,scribe ,pa-bak3 ,let him say3 8,o ,he>t t ,i receiv$ f my "m 7to be said twice71 ,o ,he>t t belongs to my _s1 rise n aga9/ me z witness1 oppose me n be=e ! judges1 contradict me n 9 ! pres5ce ( ! ,gu>dian ( ! ,scales4 ,?\ art ! _s t is 9 my body1 ,khnum t make/ s\nd my limbs4 ,:5 ?\ come/ to ! place ( judgm5t :i!r we g1 cause n my "n to be reject$ by ! assessors1 b let ! pron\ncem5t ( judgm5t be favorable1 & su* z causes joy to ! he>t40 ,x appe>s to h be5 ! rule to engrave c]ta9 special *apt]s ( ! ,book ( ! ,dead1 among ^? ref]r+ to ! he>t1 ^u p>ticul> /ones4 ,?us1 = in/ance1 ! #bf? *apt] 0 engrav$ on lapis-lazuli1 ! #bg? ^u feldsp>1 ! #cj? ^u s]p5t9e1 & ! #bi? ^u c>nelian4#cde ,?is may p]haps h be5 orig9ally due to "s association ( ! god pr9cipally invok$ 9 ! text ) ! preci\s sub/ance ^u :i* ! text 0 engrav$4 ,! =m ( an eye1 fa%ion$ out ( lapis-lazuli & ornam5t$ ) gold1 con/itut$ an amulet ( great p[]2 x 0 inscrib$ ) ! #adj? *apt] ( ! ,book ( ! ,dead4 ,on ! la/ day ( ! mon? ,me*ir1 an (f]+ 8( all ?+s good & holy0 0 to be made be=e ?is symbolic eye1 = on t day ! supreme god ,ra 0 believ$ to place su* an image ^u 8 head4 ,sometimes ^! eyes 7 made ( jasp]1 & c\ld !n be laid ^u any ( ! limbs ( a mummy4#cdf ,( ! image ( ,tru?1 made f a lapis-lazuli & worn by ! ,egyptian high-prie/1 lian aptly says t he w\ld pref] ! judge %\ld n be> ,tru? ab\t ) him1 fa%ion$ & express$ 9 an image1 b r 9 8 v s\l4#cdg ,among ! ,assyrian texts giv+ ! =mul = incantations & v>i\s magical op]ations1 !re is "o :i* treats ( an ornam5t compos$ ( sev5 brilliant /ones1 to be worn on ! brea/ ( ! k+ z an amulet2 inde$1 s great 0 ! virtue ( ^! /ones t !y 7 suppos$ to con/itute an ornam5t = ! gods also4 ,! text1 z r5d]$ by ,fossey1 is z foll[s3#cdh ,incantation4 ,! spl5did /ones6 ,! spl5did /ones6 ,! /ones ( abundance & ( joy4 ,made respl5d5t = ! fle% ( ! gods4 ,! ulal9i /one1 ! sirg>ru /one1 ! ulalu /one1 ! sndu /one1 ! ukn /one4 ,! du%u /one1 ! preci\s /one elm%u1 p]fect 9 cele/ial beauty4 ,! /one ( :i* ! p+u is set 9 gold4 ,plac$ ^u ! %9+ brea/ ( ! k+ z an ornam5t4 ,azagsud1 high-prie/ ( ,bl1 make !m %9e1 make !m sp>kle6 ,let ! evil "o keep alo( f ! dwell+6 ,! names ( two ( ^! gems1 ! ulalu & ! ulal9i1 sugge/ t !y 7 ( simil> class4 ,z ! fundam5tal mean+ ( ! root :5ce ! names are =m$ is 8to p]=ate10 x is b>ely possible t we h "h ! long-s\ght ,assyrian designation = ! pe>l1 :i* 0 commonly reg>d$ 9 anci5t times z a /one4 ,9 ,arabic ! p]=at$ pe>l has a special "n to di/+ui% x f ! unp]=at$1 or 8virg9 pe>l40 ,all we "k ( ! sndu is t x mu/ h be5 a d>k-color$ /one4 ,! ukn1 h[ev]1 is almo/ c]ta9ly ! lapis-lazuli4 ,x is (t5 m5tion$ 9 ! ,tel el ,am>na tablets z hav+ be5 among ! gifts s5t by ! k+s ( ,babylonia & ,assyria to ! ,ph>aohs ( ,egypt1 & also by ! latt] to fri5dly ,asiatic mon>*s4 ,( ! sirg>ru & du%u /ones no?+ is kn[n1 b ! elm%u1 ! sev5? 9 ! li/1 0 evid5tly reg>d$ z ! mo/ brilliant & spl5did ( all2 inde$1 ,pr(4 ,fri$ri* ,delitzs* haz>ds ! conjecture t x is ! diamond4 ,9 any case ?is /one mu/ h be5 set 9 r+s & consid]$ v valuable1 = 9 an ,assyrian text occurs ! foll[+ passage3 8,l an elm%u r+ may ,i be preci\s 9 ?9e eyes40#cdi ,! fact t ?is /one is describ$ z hav+ 8a cele/ial beauty0 might incl9e u to believe t x 0 a sapphire4 ,! idea ( ?is my/ic ornam5t1 compos$ ( sev5 gems1 probably orig9at$ 9 ,babylonia1 :]e ! numb] sev5 0 look$ ^u z especially sacr$4 ,z we %all see1 !re is "s reason to attribute a ,h9du orig9 to ! n9e gems1 8! cov]+0 ( ! ,k+ ( ,tyre1 enum]at$ by ,ezekiel1 :ile ! brea/plate on ! ephod ( ! ,hebrew high-prie/1 ) its twelve /ones1 symboliz+ ! twelve mon?s ( ! ye>1 appe>s to be ( lat] date1 & seems to belong to ! "t ( ! return f ! ,babylonian ,captivity & ! build+ ( ! second temple4 ,c]ta9ly1 ! hi/oric & prophetic books ( ! ,old ,te/am5t "k no?+ ( x1 al?\gh ! ,urim & ,?ummim are m5tion$ & ! elaborate description giv5 9 ,exodus is g5]ally reg>d$ by ,biblical s*ol>s z belong+ to ! s-call$ 8,prie/ly ,codex10 ! late/ "p ( ! ,p5tateu*1 gradually evolv$ dur+ ! ,exile & giv5 its f9al =m 9 ! fif? c5tury ,b4,c4 ,9 ! v anci5t ,assyrio-,babylonian epic n>rative ( ! desc5t ( ! goddess ,i%t> to ,hades1 ! gu>dian ( ! inf]nal regions obliges ! goddess to lay aside "s "p ( h] clo?+ & ornam5ts at ea* ( ! sev5 gates ?r\gh :i* %e passes4 ,at ! fif?1 we are told t %e /ripp$ (f h] girdle ( aban aldi1 or /ones :i* aid$ p>turition4#cej ,x has be5 ass]t$1 & p]haps ) "s reason1 t ( ! _m m9]al sub/ances suppos$ to possess ?is virtue1 jade 7nephrite7 or jadeite 0 ! e>lie/ kn[n4 ,! ,babylonian leg5ds also tell ( trees on :i* gr[ preci\s /ones4 ,9 ! ,gilgame% epic a my/ic c$> tree is describ$4 ,?is grew 9 ! ,elamite sanctu>y ( ,irn9a & 0 "u ! gu>dian%ip ( ! ,elamite k+ ,humbaba4 ,( ?is tree an inscription relates3 ,x produces samtu-/ones z fruit2 ,its b\ghs hang ) !m1 glori\s to behold2 ,! cr[n ( x produces lapis-lazuli2 ,its fruit is co/ly to gaze ^u4 ,ano!r tree be>+ preci\s /ones 0 se5 by ! h]o ,gilgame%1 aft] he _h pass$ ?r\gh d>kness = ! space ( twelve h\rs4 ,?is mu/ h be5 a mo/ respl5d5t object1 to judge f ! foll[+ description on a cunei=m tablet3#cea ,x bore preci\s /ones = fruits2 ,its bran*es 7 glori\s to ! sight2 ,! twigs 7 cry/als2 ,x bore fruit co/ly to ! sight4 ,"o ( ! r>e/ & mo/ significant specim5s illu/rat+ ! use ( valuable /ones = religi\s c]emonial purposes 9 ! pagan _w is 9 ! ,morgan-,tiffany collection4 ,x is an anci5t ,babylonian axe-head made ( b&$ agate4 ,s regul>1 inde$1 is ! disposition ( ! lay]s 9 ?is agate t "o might be ju/ifi$ 9 d5om9at+ x an onyx4 ,its prevail+ hue is :at may be call$ a 8de]-br[n02 "s :ite splot*es n[ app>5t are evid5tly due to ! action ( fire or t ( "s alkali4 ,?is axe-head be>s an inscription 9 ar*aic cunei=m *>act]s1 & presumably 9 ! s-call$ ,sum]ian tongue1 t believ$ to h be5 spok5 by ! f\nd]s ( ! ,babylonian civilization4 ,! =m ( ! inscription indicates t ! object dates f an e>li] p]iod ?an #bjjj ,b4,c4 ,illu/ration3 ,,babylonian ,,axe ,,head4 ,agate1 ) inscription4 ,morgan collection1 ,am]ican ,museum ( ,natural ,hi/ory1 ,new ,york4 ,:ile ! *>act]s are cle>ly cut & c be easily deciph]$1 ! inscription is nev]!less exce$+ly difficult to translate4 ,x is evid5t t ! axe-head 0 a votive (f]+ to a div9ity1 probably on ! "p ( a c]ta9 gov]nor nam$ ,adduggi%2 b :e!r ! div9ity 9 "q 0 ,%ama% 7! sun-god71 or ! god ,adad1 or "s o!r memb] ( ! ,babylonian pan!on1 _c be det]m9$ ) any f9ality4 ,! ,fr5* assyriologi/1 ,franois ,l5ormant1 :o fir/ describ$ ?is axe-head 9 #ahgi1 & ,pr(4 ,ira ,maurice ,price1 ( ! ,semitic ,dep>tm5t ( ,*icago ,univ]sity1 bo? admit t x may h be5 consecrat$ to ,adad4 ,z ! wea!r-god1 ! ?und]]1 ! axe-symbol w\ld h be5 m especially appropriate to him 9 view ( ! usage1 almo/ univ]sal among primitive peoples1 ( associat+ /one axe-heads or axe-%ap$ /ones ) ! ?und]bolt1 & h5ce ) ! div9ity :o 0 believ$ to h laun*$ x t[>d ! e>?4 ,?is ,sum]ian axe-head measures #acd4e mm4 9 l5g? 7#e4c in*es71 #ce4e mm4 9 wid? 7#a4d in*es71 & #ca mm4 9 ?ickness 7#a4bb in*es74 ,x 0 orig9ally secur$ by ,c>d9al ,/efano ,borgia 7#agca-ahjd71 = "s "t secret>y ( ! ,college ( ! ,propag&a 9 ,rome1 :o probably acquir$ x f "s mission>y to ! ,ea/4 ,f ! c>d9al's family x pass$ = #ae1jjj lire 7#cjjj7 to ! ,tyszkiewicz ,collection1 & :5 ! objects !re9 compris$ 7 dispos$ ( at public sale1 ! writ] pur*as$ x = ! ,am]ican ,museum ( ,natural ,hi/ory 9 ,new ,york1 ,april #af1 #aijb4ceb ,at ,alicante1 9 ,spa91 cut ^u ! p$e/al ( an anci5t /atue1 suppos$ to h be5 t ( ,isis1 0 f\nd an inscription giv+ a li/ ( ! (f]+s d$icat$ by div9e comm&1 by a c]ta9 ,fabia ,fabiana 9 honor ( h] gr&daught]4 ,evid5tly ! fond gr&mo!r _h giv5 ( h] be/ & *oice/ jewels :i* 7 us$ to adorn ! /atue4 ,!y consi/$ ( a diadem set ) a 8unio0 7a l>ge r\nd pe>l7 & six small] pe>ls1 two em]alds1 sev5 b]yls1 two rubies1 & a hyac9?4 ,9 ea* e> ( ! /atue 0 ins]t$ an e>-r+ be>+ a pe>l & an em]ald2 ab\t ! neck 0 hung a necklace consi/+ ( f\r r[s ( em]alds & pe>ls1 eighte5 ( ! =m] & ?irty-six ( ! latt]4 ,two circlets b\nd ar\nd ! ankles conta9$ elev5 b]yls & two em]alds1 :ile two bracelets 7 set ) eight em]alds & eight pe>ls4 ,! adornm5t 0 complet$ by f\r r+s1 two be>+ em]alds1 :ile two1 plac$ on ! little f+]1 7 set ) diamonds4 ,on ! s&als 7 eight b]yls4#cec ,a notable in/ance ( an antique votive (f]+ is ! necklace ( valuable preci\s /ones d$icat$ to ! /atue ( ,ve/a4 ,! ,byzant9e hi/orian ,zosimus attributes ! tragic end ( ,/ili*o's wid[1 ,s]5a1 to h] hav+ despoil$ ! image ( ,ve/a ( ?is co/ly ornam5t1 & f9ds a sort ( poetic ju/ice 9 ! mann] ( h] dea?1 s9ce %e 0 /rangl$ by a cord :i* encircl$ h] neck4 ,x is n only 9 ! works ( ! ,fa!rs ( ! ,*ri/ian ,*ur* t we f9d preci\s /ones us$ z similes ( religi\s virtue1 9 ,buddhi/ writ+s also we h examples ( ?is4 ,9 ! 8,que/ions ( ,k+ ,mil9da10 compos$ p]haps z e>ly z ! ?ird c5tury ( our era1 occur ! foll[+ passages3#ced ,j1 ,o ,k+1 z ! diamond is pure ?r\gh\t2 j s1 ,o ,k+1 %\ld ! /r5u\s ,bhik%u1 e>ne/ 9 ef=t1 be p]fectly pure 9 8 means ( livelihood4 ,?is1 ,o ,k+1 is ! fir/ quality ( ! diamond he ought to h4 ,& aga91 ,o ,k+1 z ! diamond _c be alloy$ ) o!r sub/ance2 j s1 ,o ,k+1 %\ld ! /r5u\s ,bhik%u1 e>ne/ 9 ef=t1 nev] mix ) wick$ m5 z fri5ds4 ,?is1 ,o ,k+1 is ! second quality ( ! diamond he ought to h4 ,& aga91 ,o ,k+1 j z ! diamond is set toge!r ) ! mo/ co/ly gems2 j s1 ,o ,k+1 %\ld ! /r5u\s ,bhik%u1 e>ne/ 9 ef=t1 associate ) ^? ( ! highe/ excell5ce1 ) m5 :o h ent]$ ! fir/ or second or ?ird /age ( ! ,noble ,pa?1 ) ! jewel treasures ( ! ,arahats1 ( ! recluses ( ! ?reefold wisdom1 or ( ! sixfold insight4 ,?is1 ,o ,k+1 is ! ?ird quality ( ! diamond he ought to h4 ,= x 0 said1 ,o ,k+1 by ! ,bless$ "o1#cee ! god ov] all gods1 9 ! ,sutta ,nipta3 ,let ! pure associate ) ! pure1 ,ev] 9 recollection firm2 ,dwell+ h>moni\sly wise1 ,?us %all ye put an end to griefs4 ,! description ( ! ,new ,j]usalem 9 ! book ( ,revelations f9ds a curi\s p>allel 9 ! ,h9du ,puranas4 ,"h we are told t ! div9e ,kri%na1 ! eigh? inc>nation ( ,vi%nu1 took up 8 abode 9 ! wond]ful city ,devrak1 & 0 visit$ !re by ! v>i\s ord]s ( gods & g5iuses4#cef ,gods1 ,asuras1 ,g&h>as1 ,k9n>as began to p\r into ,dwrak1 to see ,kri%na & ,val>ma4 ,"s desc5d$ f ! sky1 "s f _! c>s--& alight+ und]nea? ! banyan tree1 look$ on ,dwrak1 ! mat*less4 ,! city 0 squ>e1--x measur$ a hundr$ yojonas1 & ov] all1 0 deck$ 9 pe>ls1 rubies1 diamonds1 & o!r gems4 ,! city 0 high1--x 0 ornam5t$ ) gems2 & x 0 furni%$ ) cupolas ( rubies & diamonds1--) em]ald pill>s1 & ) c\rt-y>ds ( rubies4 ,x conta9$ endless temples4 ,x _h cross-roads deck$ ) sapphires1 & highways blaz+ ) gems4 ,x blaz$ l ! m]idian sun 9 summ]4 ,z comp>$ ) ! description 9 ,revelations we _c fail to note ! lack ( def9it5ess4 ,in/ead ( ! well-ord]$ s*eme ( color z repres5t$ by ! twelve preci\s /ones d$icat$ to ! twelve tribes ( ,israel1 ! my/ic ,h9du city is simply a gorge\s mass ( ! mo/ brilliant gems kn[n 9 ,india4 ,! poetic description ( ! royal city ,kusavati1 giv5 9 ! ,maha ,sudassana ,suttanta1 may p]haps h orig9at$ 9 "s tradition reg>d+ ,ecbatana or ,babylon4 ,sev5 ramp>ts surr\nd$ ,kusavati1 ! mat]ials be+ respectively gold1 silv]1 b]yl1 cry/al1 agate1 coral & 7= ! la/7 8all k9ds ( gems40 ,9 ^! ramp>ts 7 f\r gates--"o ( gold1 "o ( silv]1 "o ( cry/al & "o ( jade--& at ea* gate sev5 pill>s 7 fix$1 ea* ?ree or f\r times ! height ( a man & compos$ ( ! sev5 preci\s sub/ances t con/itut$ ! ramp>ts4 ,beyond ! ramp>ts 7 sev5 r[s ( palm trees1 ! f\r? r[ hav+ trunks ( silv] & leaves & fruit ( gold2 !n foll[$ palms ( b]yl1 ) leaves & fruit ( b]yl2 agate palms1 ^: fruit & leaves 7 ( coral1 & coral palms1 ) leaves & fruit ( agate2 la/ly1 ! palms ^: trunks 7 compos$ ( 8all k9ds ( gems10 _h leaves & fruits ( ! same description1 8& :5 ^! r[s ( palm trees 7 %ak5 by ! w9d1 arose a s\nd sweet & pleasant1 & *>m+ & intoxicat+40#ceg ,9 ,greek lit]ature also !re is a 8gem-city10--namely1 ! city ( ! ,isl&s ( ! ,bless$1 describ$ by ,lucian 9 8 ,v]a ,hi/oria4#ceh ,! walls ( ?is city 7 ( em]ald1 ! temples ( ! gods 7 =m$ ( b]yl1 & ! alt>s !re9 ( s+le ame?y/s ( enorm\s size4 ,! city itself 0 all ( gold z a fit sett+ = ^! m>vell\s gems4 ,h9du my?ology tells ( a wond]ful tank =m$ ( cry/al1 ! "w ( ! god ,maya4 ,its bottom & sides 7 encru/$ ) beautiful pe>ls & 9 ! c5tre 0 a rais$ plat=m blaz+ ) ! mo/ gorge\s preci\s /ones4 ,al?\gh x conta9$ no wat]1 ! transp>5t cry/al produc$ ! illusion ( wat]1 & ^? :o approa*$ ! tank 7 tempt$ to plunge into x & take a refre%+ ba? 9 :at appe>$ to be cle>1 fre% wat]4#cei ,! ,kalpa ,tree ( ,h9du religion1 a symbolical (f]+ to ! gods1 is describ$ by ,h9du poets z a gl[+ mass ( preci\s /ones4 ,pe>ls hung f its b\ghs & beautiful em]alds f its %oots2 ! t5d] "y leaves 7 corals1 & ! ripe fruit consi/$ ( rubies4 ,! roots 7 ( sapphire2 ! base ( ! trunk ( diamond1 ! upp]mo/ "p ( cat's-eye1 :ile ! section betwe5 0 ( topaz4 ,! foliage 7except ! "y leaves7 0 entirely =m$ ( zircons4#cfj ,! ,*9ese ,buddhi/ pilgrim ,heu5 ,tsang1 :o visit$ ,india betwe5 #fbi & #fde ,a4,d41 tells ( ! wond]ful 8,diamond ,?rone0 :i*1 accord+ to ! leg5d1 _h once /ood ne> ! ,tree ( ,k1 b5ea? ^: spread+ bran*es ,gautama ,buddha is said to h receiv$ 8 supreme revelation ( tru?4 ,?is ?rone _h be5 con/ruct$ 9 ! age call$ ! 8,kalpa ( ! ,sages02 its orig9 0 contemporane\s ) t ( ! e>?1 & its f\ndations 7 at ! c5tre ( all ?+s2 x measur$ "o hundr$ feet 9 circumf]5ce1 & 0 made ( a s+le diamond4 ,:5 ! :ole e>? 0 convuls$ by /orm or e>?quake ?is respl5d5t ?rone rema9$ immovable4 ,^u x ! ?\s& ,buddhas ( ! ,kalpa _h repos$ & _h fall5 into ! 8ec/asy ( ! diamond40 ,h[ev]1 s9ce ! _w has pass$ into ! pres5t & la/ age1 s& & e>? h completely cov]$ ! 8,diamond ,?rone10 s t x c no long] be se5 by human eye4#cfa ,9 ! ,kalpa ,sutra1 writt5 9 ,prakrit1 "o ( ! sacr$ books ( ! ,ja9s1 ! rivals ( ! ,buddhi/s1 x is said t ,h>9egamesi1 ! div9e comm&] ( ! foot troops1 seiz$ f\rte5 preci\s /ones1 ! *ief ( :i* 0 vajra1 ! diamond1 & reject+ _! gross] p>ticles1 reta9$ only ! f9] ess5ce to aid him 9 8 trans=mations4 ,9 ! same sutra ! foll[+ gl[+ description is giv5 ( ! adornm5t ( ! surpass+ly beautiful goddess ,sri3#cfb ,on all p>ts ( h] body %one ornam5ts & tr9kets1 compos$ ( _m jewels & preci\s /ones1 yell[ & r$ gold4 ,! pure cup-l pair ( h] brea/s sp>kl$1 encircl$ by a g>l& ( ,kunda fl[]s 9 :i* glitt]$ a /r+ ( pe>ls4 ,%e wore /r+s ( pe>ls made by clev] & dilig5t arti/s1 /rung ) wond]ful /r+s1 a necklace ( jewels ) a /r+ ( ,d9>as1 & a trembl+ pair ( e>-r+s1 t\*+ h] %\ld]s1 diffus$ a brilliancy2 b ! unit$ beauties & *>ms ( ^! ornam5ts 7 only subs]vi5t to ! lovel9ess ( h] face4 ,z engrav$ decoration ( a f9e ,*9ese vase ( :ite jade ) delicate cr[n m>k+s1 appe> eight /orks1 ea* ( :i* be>s 9 its beak an attribute ( "o ( ! ,eight ,taoi/ ,immortals4 ,?us we h ! d\ble g\rd z attribute ( ! mo/ p[]ful ( ^! demi-gods kn[n z 8,li ) ! ,iron ,crut*10 ^: aid is s\ght by magicians & a/rolog]s2 ! magic sword1 ) :i* ,lu ,t'ung-p9 vanqui%$ ! spirits ( evil t roam$ ?r\gh ! ,*9ese ,empire 9 ! =m ( t]rible dragons2 ! basket ( fl[]s1 attribute ( ,lan ,ts'ai-ho1 ! patron ( g>d5]s & flori/s2 ! royal fan us$ by ,han ,*ung-li1 ( ! ,*[ ,dyna/y 7#aabb-bbj ,b4,c471 to call aga9 to life ! spirits ( ! dep>t$2 ! lotus fl[]1 emblematic ( ! virg9 ,ho ,hsi5-,ku1 v5]at$ some:at z a patron sa9t by ,*9ese h\sewives1 & :o acquir$ ! gift ( immortal life by ! help ( a p[d] ( pulv]iz$ jade & "m-(-pe>l2 ! bamboo tubes & rods ) :i* ! mighty necromanc] ,*ang ,kuo1 patron ( arti/s1 evok$ ! s\ls ( ! dead2 ! flute ( ! musicians' patron1 ,han ,hsiang-tzu1 :o ow$ 8 immortality to 8 craft 9 /eal?ily ent]+ ! ,taoi/ p>adise & secur+ a pea* f ! sacr$ tree ( life2 &1 la/ly1 ! ca/anets ( ,tsao ,kuo-*91 especially rev]$ by ,*9ese actors4 ,! prevail+ belief 9 ,india1 t treasures (f]$ to ! images or %r9es ( ! gods w br+ good =tune to ! g5]\s donor1 f9ds expression 9 _m anci5t & mod]n ,h9du writ+s4 ,9 ! ,rig ,v$a x is said t 8by giv+ gold ! giv] receives a life ( light & glory40 ,9 ! ,samav$a ,upani%ad we read3 8,giv]s are high 9 ,heav54 ,^? :o give horses live conjo9tly ) ! sun2 giv]s ( gold enjoy et]nal life2 giv]s ( clo!s live 9 ! moon40 ,ano!r text 7,hiti ,smriti7 reads3#cfc ,coral 9 wor%ip w subdue all ! ?ree worlds4 ,he :o wor%ips ,kri%na ) rubies w be reborn z a p[]ful emp]or2 if ) a small ruby1 he w be born a k+4 ,(f]+ em]alds w produce ,gyana or ,k ( ! ,s\l & ( ! ,et]nal4 ,if he wor%ips ) a diamond1 ev5 ! impossible1 or ,nirvna1 t is ,et]nal ,life 9 ! highe/ ,heav51 w be secur$4 ,if ) a fl[] ( gold a man wor%ips = a mon?1 he w get z mu* weal? z ,kuv]a1 ! ,"l ( ,rubies1 & w h]eaft] atta9 to ,nirvna & to ,muskwa1 or ,salvation4 ,at ,multan1 "o ( ! mo/ anci5t cities ( ,india1 situat$ 9 ! ,punjab1 #afd miles s\?we/ ( ,lahore1 !re 0 9 ! ,h9du temple an idol hav+ = eyes two great pe>ls4 ,! eyes ( ! rude image ( ,jaggana? at ,puri1 9 ,b5gal 7,orissa71 are said to h at "o "t be5 =m$ ( preci\s /ones1 z 7 also ^? ( ! idols ( ,vi%nu at ,*&]nagore & 9 ! great sev5-wall$ temple at ,srirangam1 :5ce appe>s to h come ! ,orl(f diamond4 ,9 c]emonial wor%ip ! ,h9dus recognize sixte5 (f]+s1 ! n9? consi/+ ( gems & jewelry1 & a div9e assurance ( adequate return to ! giv] appe>s 9 ! ,bhagavat ,purana1 :]e ,kri%na says1 8,:atev] is be/ & mo/ valu$ 9 ?is _w & t :i* is mo/ de> to y %\ld be (f]$ to me1 & x w be receiv$ back 9 imm5se & endless quantity40 ,on c]ta9 appo9t$ days ! holy images are decorat$ ) ! *oice/ g>m5ts & ! ri*e/ jewelry 9 ! temple treasury2 ?is is especially ! case on ! day celebrat$ z ! bir?day ( ! respective div9ity4 ,h[ev]1 ! gifts are believ$ to reta9 _! sacr$ "* z d$icat$ objects only = a comp>atively brief p]iod1 v>y+ f a mon? or m = g>m5ts & ve/m5ts1 to t5 or twelve ye>s = jewels1 su* z ! naoratna or ! pan*ratna1 ! priz$ & rev]$ jewels1 compos$ respectively ( n9e & five gems4 ,! pan*ratna usually consi/s ( gold1 diamond1 sapphire1 ruby1 & pe>l4 ,aft] ! gifts h ceas$ to be wor?y ( use 9 ! temples1 !y may be dispos$ ( to defray ! exp5ses ( ! f\ndation1 includ+ ! co/ ( support+ ! num]\s prie/s & att5dants4 ,z ! objects /ill reta9 _! sacr$ associations1 !y are eag]ly b\ght by pi\s ,h9dus1 :o und\bt$ly reg>d !m z valuable talismans4 ,?us !y n only s]ve to br+ bless+s ^u ! donors1 b also con/itute "o ( ! *ief s\rces ( income = ! temples4#cfd ,"o ( ! olde/ & p]haps ! mo/ int]e/+ talismanic jewel is t kn[n z ! naoratna or n>>atna1 ! 8n9e-gem0 jewel4 ,x is m5tion$ 9 ! old ,h9du ratnaa/ras1 or treatises on gems1 = example1 9 ! ,n>>atnap>k%1 :]e x is describ$ z foll[s3#cfe ,mann] ( compos+ ! sett+ ( a r+3 ,9 ! c5tre ,! ,sun ,! ,ruby ,to ! ,ea/ ,v5us ,! ,diamond ,to ! ,s\!a/ ,! ,moon ,! ,pe>l ,to ! ,s\? ,m>s ,! ,coral ,to ! ,s\?we/ ,rhu ,! ,jac9? ,to ! ,we/ ,saturn ,! ,sapphire ,to ! ,nor!a/ ,jupit] ,! ,topaz ,to ! ,nor? ,! desc5d+ node ,! ,cat's-eye ,to ! ,nor?we/ ,m]cury ,! ,em]ald ,su* is ! planet>y sett+4 ,f ?is description we le>n t ! jewel 0 design$ to comb9e all ! p[]ful a/rological influ5ces4 ,! gems *os5 to correspond ) ! v>i\s heav5ly bodies1 & ) ! aspects kn[n z ! asc5d+ & desc5d+ nodes1 diff] 9 "s cases f ^? select$ 9 ! ,we/4 ,= in/ance1 ! em]ald is "h assign$ to ,m]cury1 :]eas 9 ,we/]n tradition ?is /one 0 usually ! repres5tative ( ,v5us1 al?\gh x is sometimes associat$ ) ,m]cury also4#cff ,on ! o!r h&1 ! diamond is d$icat$ to ,v5us1 in/ead ( to ! ,sun z 9 ! ,we/]n _w4 ,illu/ration3 ,,mani ,m,l1 ,,or ,,*a9 ,,( ,,gems4 ,compris+ diamond1 ruby1 cat's-eye1 pe>l1 zircon1 coral1 em]ald1 topaz1 sapphire1 *rysob]yl1 g>net1 c>nelian1 qu>tz & rock-cry/al4 ,a p5dant is ! naoratna1 or 8n9e-gem0 ornam5t1 susp5d$ f :i* is a pe>-%ap$ pe>l4 ,9 possession ( ! late ,rajah ,sir ,sur9dro ,mohun ,tagore1 ( ,calcutta4 ,f 8 8,mani ,ml10 ,calcutta1 #ahgi1 ,vol4 ,i1 iv-#ejf pp41 #b plates1 portrait & plate2 ,vol4 ,,ii1 xiv ii #ejg-ajdf pp4 ,conta9s #di figures on #aj plates4 ,9 ! naoratna ! five gems kn[n to ! ,h9dus z ! mahratnni1 or 8great gems10--! diamond1 pe>l1 ruby1 sapphire1 & em]ald1--71 z we see1 associat$ ) ! ,sun & ,moon1 ,v5us1 ,m]cury1 & ,saturn1 :ile ! f\r less] gems 7up>atnni7--namely1 ! jac9?1 topaz1 cat's-eye1 & coral--repres5t ,m>s1 ,jupit]1 ,rhu1 & ! desc5d+ node4 ,! two la/ nam$ are v important factors 9 a/rological calculations & are (t5 call$ ! ,dragon's ,head & ! ,dragon's ,tail4 ,^! designations signify ! asc5d+ & desc5d+ nodes1 indicat+ ! passage ( ! ecliptic by ! ,moon 9 h] asc5t above & desc5t bel[ ?is arbitr>y plane4 ,9 ?ree some:at obscure passages ( ! ,rig ,v$a !re are ref]5ces to ! sev5 ratnas4 ,:e!r ^! 7 gems _c be det]m9$1 s9ce ! prim>y mean+ ( ! ^w ratna is 8a preci\s object10 n necess>ily a preci\s /one2 b x is possible t we may h "h an allusion to "s e>li] =m ( talisman1 9 :i* only ! ,sun1 ,moon1 & ! five planets 7 repres5t$4 ,x is easy to und]/& t su* a talisman z ! naoratna1 comb9+ ! favorable influ5ces ( all ! cele/ial bodies suppos$ to gov]n ! de/9ies ( man1 mu/ h be5 highly priz$1 & we may well assume t only ! ri* & p[]ful c\ld own ?is talisman 9 a =m ensur+ its greate/ efficacy4 ,= ! ,h9dus believ$ t ! virtue ( e gem dep5d$ ^u its p]fection1 & !y reg>d$ a poor or defective /one z a s\rce ( unhapp9ess & mis=tune4 ,9 mod]n times ?is talisman is sometimes diff]5tly compos$4 ,a specim5 %[n 9 ! ,indian ,c\rt ( ! ,p>is ,exposition ( #ahgh consi/$ ( ! foll[+ /ones3 coral1 topaz1 sapphire1 ruby1 flat diamond1 cut diamond1 em]ald1 ame?y/1 & c>buncle4 ,"h ! cut diamond1 ame?y/1 & c>buncle take ! place ( ! jac9?1 pe>l1 & cat's-eye4 ,in/ead ( unit+ ! diff]5t planet>y gems 9 a s+le r+1 !y h sometimes be5 set sep>ately 9 a s]ies ( r+s to be worn successively on ! days orig9ally nam$ aft] ! cele/ial bodies4 ,we read 9 ! life ( ,apollonius ( ,tyana 7fir/ c5tury ,a4,d47 by ,philo/ratus3 8,damis also relates t ,i>*as gave to ,apollonius sev5 r+s nam$ aft] ! planets1 & ! latt] wore ^!1 "o by "o1 9 ! ord] ( ! weekdays40#cfg ,al?\gh x is n expressly /at$ t ! appropriate /ones 7 set 9 ! r+s1 ! cu/om ( ! "t makes x probable t ?is 0 ! case4 ,,n9e ,,gems4 ,engli% ,sanskrit ,burmese ,*9ese 7,canton7 ,arabic ,diamond ,vajra ,*e9 ,*un-syak ,ms ,ruby ,manikya ,budmiya ,se-fla-yu-syak ,ykt bih> ,cat's-eye ,vaidrya ,*no ,mu-ji gan ,a9 al-hirr ,zircon ,gom$a ,gomok ,pi-si ,haj> yamn ,pe>l ,mukt ,pa-le ,*un-ti ,ll ,coral ,pravla ,tad ,sau-ho-*i ,murjn ,em]ald ,m>akata ,muj ,luk-syak ,zumurrud ,topaz ,pu%y>aga ,outfiy ,si-lang-syak ,ykt al-azrak ,sapphire ,nla ,nl ,*ang-syak ,ykt al-af> ,among ! ,burmese ! value = occult purposes ( ! n9e gems compos+ ! naoratna1 or n>>atna1 is /rictly det]m9$ 9 ! foll[+ ord]3 fir/1 ! ruby2 second1 ! diamond1 or rock-cry/al2 ?ird1 ! pe>l2 f\r?1 ! coral2 fif?1 ! topaz2 six?1 ! sapphire2 sev5?1 ! cat's-eye2 eigh?1 ! ame?y/2 & n9?1 ! em]ald4#cfh ,t ! ruby1 diamond & pe>l %\ld occupy places ( honor is q natural1 b ! relegation ( ! sapphire to six? place1 aft] coral & topaz1 seems to be a r unfair treatm5t ( ?is beautiful /one4 ,illu/ration3 ,,sculptur$ ,,jade ,,m\nta94 ,probably ! l>ge/ mass ( sculptur$ jade 9 exi/5ce4 ,! design commemorates ! meet+s ( a lit]>y club ( ! f\r? c5tury4 ,! ,*9ese *>act]s 7color$ r$7 9 ! side ( ! cliff express ! fam\s ,lan ,t+ ,hsu1 or 8,epid5dron ,pavilion ,essay10 by ,wang ,hi-*e 7,a4,d4 #cba-cgi71 ev] s9ce us$ by ! ,*9ese z a model ( elegant caligraphy1 & 7 engrav$ directly f ! autograph ( ! ,emp]or ,*'i5-lung1 writt5 by him 9 #aghd4 ,height #bc in*es1 wid? #ch x #ah in*es2 weight #fdj p\nds4 ,f ! ,summ] ,palace1 we/ ( ,pek+4 ,collection ( ,t4 ,d4 ,walk]1 ( ,m9neapolis1 ,m9n4 ,! yell[ girdles worn by ! ,*9ese emp]ors ( ! ,man*u dyna/y 7 v>i\sly ornam5t$ ) preci\s /ones accord+ to ! diff]5t c]emonial obs]vances at :i* ! emp]or presid$4 ,= ! s]vices 9 ! ,temple ( ,heav51 ! v appropriate *oice ( lapis-lazuli ornam5ts 0 made2 = ! ,alt> ( ,e>?1 yell[ jade 0 favor$2 = a sacrifice on ! ,alt> ( ! ,sun1 ! gems 7 r$ corals1 :ile :ite jade 0 select$ = ! c]emonies be=e ! ,alt> ( ! ,moon4 ,jade ( diff]5t colors 0 us$ = ! six preci\s tablets employ$ 9 ! wor%ip ( heav5 & e>? & ! f\r c>d9al po9ts4 ,= ! wor%ip ( ,heav5 !re 0 ! d>k-gre5 r\nd tablet2 = t ( ,e>?1 an octagonal tablet ( yell[ jade4 ,! ,ea/ 0 wor%ipp$ ) a gre5 po9t$ tablet2 ! ,we/ 0 wor%ipp$ ) ! :ite 8tig]-tablet02 ! ,nor? ) a black1 semi-circul> tablet1 & ! ,s\? ) a tablet ( r$ jade4#cfi ,( all ! ,*9ese works on jade ! mo/ int]e/+ & rem>kable is ! ,ku y t'ou pu or 8,illu/rat$ ,description ( ,anci5t ,jade10 a catalogue divid$ into a hundr$ books & embelli%$ ) upw>d ( sev5 hundr$ figures4 ,x 0 publi%$ 9 #aagf1 & li/s ! magnific5t collection ( jade objects belong+ to ! fir/ emp]or ( ! ,s\!rn ,sung dyna/y4 ,"o ( ! treasures "h describ$ 0 a f\r-sid$ plaque ( pure :ite jade ov] two feet 9 height & bread?1 & x 0 reg>d$ z ( altoge!r exceptional value1 = on x 0 a design miracul\sly engrav54 ,?is 0 a figure1 seat$ on a mat1 ) a fl[]-vase on its left & an alms-b[l on ! "r1 9 ! mid/ ( rocks envelop$ 9 cl\ds4 ,! figure 0 an image ( ! ,buddhi/ sa9t1 ,samantabahadra1 & ! plaque is said to h be5 wa%$ out ( a sacr$ cave 9 ! ye> #ajfh1 by a viol5t & my/]i\s curr5t4#cgj ,jade talismans are v popul> at ! pres5t day 9 ! ,mohamm$an _w1 & among ! ,turks !y are s highly priz$ z heirlooms t x is difficult to secure any ( !m4 ,!re is an or?odox ,mohamm$an sect1 ^: memb]s call !mselves ,pekda%1 & :o dur+ _! :ole lifetime c>ry ab\t ) !m a flat piece ( jade z a protection aga9/ injury or annoyance ( e k9d4#cga ,! f\r ra9-mak+ gods are %[n we>+ necklaces ( coral & turquoise 9 ! c]emonial s&-pa9t+s ( ! ,navajos4 ,^! f\r gods are respectively color$ to d5ote ! f\r c>d9al po9ts2 black = ,nor?1 blue = ,s\?1 yell[ = ,we/1 & :ite = ,ea/4 ,! :ole pa9t+1 measur+ n9e by ?irte5 feet1 is gu>d$ on ?ree sides by magic w&s2 t[>d ! ,ea/ x is left unprotect$1 z only good spirits are believ$ to dwell 9 ?is direction4 ,ea* ( ! ra9-gods c>ries susp5d$ f 8 "r wri/ an elaborately decorat$ tobacco p\*1 be>+ ! figure ( a /one pipe4 ,! ,navajos believe t 9 ?is p\* ! god places a ray ( sunlight ) :i* he lights 8 pipe2 :5 he smokes1 cl\ds =m 9 ! sky & ! ra9 desc5ds4 ,9 ! s&-picture repres5t+ ! ,god ( ! ,:irlw9d ?is div9ity also we>s e>-p5dants & a necklace ( turquoise4#cgb ,( ! turquoise 9 ,aztec times we h ! te/imony ( ! mission>y ,b]n>d9o de ,sahagun t "o v>iety1 presumably t reg>d$ z ! f9e/ & mo/ attractive1 bore ! "n teuxivitl1 :i* signifi$ 8turquoise ( ! gods40 ,no "o 0 all[$ ei!r to own or we> ?is z x 0 exclusively devot$ to ! s]vice ( ! gods1 :e!r z a temple (f]+1 or = ! decoration ( ! div9e images4 ,sahagun describes ?is turquoise z 8f9e1 unspott$ & v cle>4 ,x 0 v r>e & 0 br\ght to ,mexico f af>4 ,"s specim5s 7 ( r\nd$ %ape1 l a hazel-nut cut 9 half2 o!rs 7 broad & flat1 & "s 7 pitt$ z ?\gh 9 a /ate ( decomposition40#cgc ,! god ( fire1 ,xiuhtecutli1 or ,ixocauhqui1 presid$ ov] ! c]emony ( pi]c+ ! e>s ( ! "y boys & girls4 ,! image ( ?is god 0 decorat$ ) e>-r+s encru/$ ) a mosaic ( turquoise4 ,he held 9 8 left h& a buckl] on :i* 7 five l>ge gre5 /ones call$ *al*iuitl 7jadeite71 plac$ 9 ! =m ( a cross on a plate ( gold almo/ cov]+ ! %ield4#cgd ,at ! "t ( ! ,spani% ,conque/ an imm5se em]ald1 almo/ z l>ge z an o/ri* egg1 0 ador$ by ! ,p]uvians 9 ! city ( ,manta4 ,?is 8em]ald goddess0 bore ! "n ( ,umia1 &1 l "s ( ! preci\s relics ( ! ,*ri/ian _w1 0 only exhibit$ on high fea/ days1 :5 ! ,indians flock$ to ! %r9e f f> & ne>1 br++ gifts to ! goddess4 ,! wily prie/s especially recomm5d$ ! donation ( em]alds1 say+ t ^! 7 ! daught]s ( ! goddess1 :o w\ld be well pleas$ to see h] (fspr+4 ,9 ?is way an imm5se /ore ( em]alds rew>d$ ! ef=ts ( ! prie/s1 & on ! conque/ ( ,p]u all ^! f9e /ones fell into ! h&s ( ,p$ro de ,alv>ado1#cge ,g>cilasso de la ,vega1 & _! companions4 ,! "m em]ald1 h[ev]1 _h be5 s clev]ly conceal$ by ! prie/s ( ! %r9e t ! ,spani>ds nev] succe$$ 9 ga9+ possession ( x4 ,_m ( ! o!r em]alds 7 de/roy$ because ( ! ignorance & /upidity ( "s ( _! new own]s1 :o1 suppos+ t ! te/ ( a true em]ald 0 its ability to )/& h>d bl[s1 laid ! /ones on an anvil & hamm]$ !m to pieces4 ,! old & entirely false notion t ! g5u9e diamond c\ld endure ?is treatm5t may h sugge/$ ! un=tunate te/4 ,g>cilasso lik5s ! gr[? ( ! em]ald 9 its m9e to t ( a fruit on a tree1 & he believ$ t x gradually acquir$ its beautiful gre5 hue1 t "p ( ! cry/al ne>e/ ! sun be+ ! fir/ to acquire color4 ,he notes an int]e/+ specim5 f\nd 9 ,p]u1 half ( :i* 0 colorless l glass1 :ile ! o!r half 0 a brilliant gre52 ?is he comp>es ) a half-rip5$ fruit4#cgf ,illu/ration3 ,,votive ,,adze ,,( ,,jadeite ,,f ,,mexico4 a1 ,front view4 b1 ,side view4 c1 ,re> view4 ,kunz ,collection1 ,am]ican ,museum ( ,natural ,hi/ory1 ,new ,york4 #aj-ac_/af #f #d-e_/h in*es1 ,weight1 #ai p\nds ,troy4 ,! rem>kable jade adze1 g5]ally kn[n z ! 8,kunz adze10 0 f\nd 9 ,oaxaca1 ,mexico1 br\ght to ! ,unit$ ,/ates ab\t #ahij1 & is n[ 9 ! ,am]ican ,museum ( ,natural ,hi/ory1 ,new ,york4 ,( a light gre5i%-gray hue1 ) a slight t+e ( blue1 ?is jade artefact is #bgb mm4 long 7#aj-ac_/af in*es71 #aec mm4 wide 7#f in*es7 & #aah mm4 ?ick 7#d-e_/h in*es72 its weight is #bbi4c ,troy ounces1 ne>ly sixte5 p\nds avoirdupois4 ,rudely1 b n unskilfully1 c>v$ ^u its face is a grotesque human figure4 ,f\r small1 %all[ depressions1 "o "u ea* eye & "o ne> ea* h&1 may h s]v$ to hold 9 place small gold films1 b no trace ( gold decoration is n[ extant4 ,9 its me*anical execution ?is adze (f]s evid5ce ( consid]able skill on ! "p ( ! ,aztec lapid>y1 ! poli% equall+ t ( mod]n work]s4 ,9 ! fact t a l>ge piece1 :i* mu/ app>5tly h weigh$ at lea/ two p\nds1 has evid5tly be5 cut out ( ?is implem5t by "s "o ( its ,indian own]s1 we c see a pro( ( ! talismanic p[] ascrib$ to jadeite 9 ,aztec times1 = !re c be little d\bt t no?+ less ?an a belief 9 ! great virtue ( jadeite c\pl$ ) ! r>ity ( ! mat]ial c\ld h induc$ ! mutilation ( :at mu/ h be5 reg>d$ 9 its "t z a rem>kable "w ( art4#cgg ,! s\rce ( ! prehi/oric jade 7nephrite & jadeite7 f\nd 9 ,europe1 & also ( t work$ into ornam5ts by ! ,indians be=e ! ,spani% ,conque/ ( ,am]ica1 0 long ! subject ( cont5tion among m9]alogi/s & ar*ologi/s4 ,9 ,g]many ?is "q 0 d5om9at$ ! ,nephritfrage1 & ! mo/ notable contribution to ! discussion 0 ! great sci5tific & s*ol>ly "w issu$ by ,he9ri* ,fis*]4#cgh ,8 conclusion 0 t z !re 0 no evid5ce ( ! exi/5ce ( ^! m9]als outside ( a few localities 9 ,asia1 ! ,european & ,am]ican supply mu/ h be5 br\ght to ^! p>ts ( ! _w f ,asia1 & t h5ce ! pres5ce ( ^! jade artefacts 9 ,am]ica cle>ly po9t$ to comm]cial int]c\rse at an e>ly p]iod betwe5 ! ,am]ican cont95t & ,asia1 & might be reg>d$ z (f]+ a /rong argum5t 9 favor ( an ,asiatic orig9 = an ,am]ican civilization4 ,accord+ to ?is !ory ! prehi/oric jade objects f\nd 9 ,europe mu/ h _h a simil> s\rce1 & w\ld con/itute a pro( ( ! exi/5ce ( traffic ) remote po9ts 9 ,asia at a date long previ\s to t commonly accept$4 ,?is view 0 /rongly oppos$ by ,pr(4 ,a4 ,b4 ,mey]1 ( ,dresd51 & rec5t discov]ies h effectively disprov$ ! !ory 9 ! case ( ,europe at lea/1 = nephrite has be5 f\nd !re 9 situ 9 sev]al places4 ,! l>ge/ mass ( ?is mat]ial t has be5 tak5 f a ,european deposit is t f\nd by ! writ] at ,jordansmhl 9 ,silesia1 9 ,april1 #ahii1 & :i* weigh$ #dgjd p\nds4#cgi ,! orig9 ( ,am]ican jade 9 ! =ms ( nephrite & jadeite has n yet be5 def9itely det]m9$1 b we h e reason to suppose t deposits ( ^! m9]als w ev5tually be discov]$ 9 v>i\s p>ts ( ! ,am]ican cont95t1 z !y h already be5 9 ,europe4 ,inde$1 ! exi/5ce ( nephrite 9 ,alaska is already well atte/$4 ,! peculi> & *>act]i/ic qualities ( ^! sub/ances h made !m favorite mat]ials = ornam5tal objects f ! e>lie/ ages d[n to our own day1 & 9 almo/ all p>ts ( ! _w4 ,a mo/ important elem5t contribut+ to ! popul>ity ( jade has be5 its suppos$ possession ( wond]ful talismanic & !rapeutic virtues1 & :ile ! ,we/]n _w has n ! same belief 9 ^! matt]s z ! ,ea/]n _w1 a m or less def9ite appreciation ( :at jade /ill signifies = _m 9 ! ,ori5t1 cont9ues to ex]cise an influ5ce ov] bo? ,am]icans & ,europeans1 mak+ objects ( nephrite or jadeite highly priz$ ev]y:]e at ! pres5t "t4 ,! t]m *al*ihuitl 0 indiff]5tly appli$ by ! anci5t ,mexicans to a numb] ( gre5 or gre5i%-:ite /ones2 quetzal *al*ihuitl1 :i* 0 reg>d$ z ! mo/ preci\s v>iety1 may p]haps h m exclusively d5ot$ jadeite4 ,?is is some:at indef9itely describ$ by ,sahagun z be+ 8:ite1 ) mu* transp>5cy1 & ) a slight gre5i% t+e1 some?+ l jasp]40 ,( eight ornam5tal objects ( gre5 /one exam9$ "s ye>s ago by ! writ]1 f\r 7 ( jadeite1 "o ( s]p5t9e1 ano!r ( gre5 qu>tz1 & ! rema9+ two ( a mixture ( :ite feldsp> & gre5 hornbl5de4 ,an inf]ior k9d ( *al*ihuitl1 said by ,sahagun to h come f qu>ries 9 ! vic9ity ( ,tecalco1 appe>s to h be5 id5tical ) ! s-call$ 8,mexican onyx0 :i* is f\nd 9 ve9s 9 t place & is an aragonite /alagmite4 ,?is mat]ial1 f :i* figures1 ornam5ts & beads 7 made by ! anci5t ,mexicans1 is to-day greatly valu$ z an ornam5tal /one4 ,! great] numb] ( anci5t ,mexican jadeite beads appe> to h be5 r\nd$ pebbles ( ?is mat]ial1 assort$ z to size & drill$ = use 9 mak+ necklaces4 ,o!r gre5 /ones us$ at ?is "t 9 ,mexico 7 gre5 jasp]1 gre5 plasma1 s]p5t9e & also ! 8,tecalco onyx0 or 8m>ble0 above m5tion$4 ,9 _m cases ^! sub/ances are ( su* ri* gre5 t !y might easily be mi/ak5 = jadeite by ^? :o lack$ ! te/s or ! exp]i5ce at ! comm& ( mod]n m9]alogi/s4 ,%\ld jadeite ev] be f\nd 9 situ 9 ,mexico1 x seems probable t ! discov]y w be made 9 ! ,/ate ( ,oaxaca1 :5ce came ! f9e/ anci5t specim5s1 includ+ ! spl5did votive adze4 ,moreov]1 "o ( ! few mat]ials by :i* jadeite c be work$ is furni%$ by ! /reams ( ?is region1 :5ce h be5 tak5 sev]al roll$ pebbles :i* ! writ] has id5tifi$ z yell[ & blue corundum1 ! quality be+ equal to t ( specim5s f ,ceylon4#chj ,gesn] describes "o ( ! lip ornam5ts worn by ! aborig9es ( ,s\? ,am]ica 9 ! foll[+ words3#cha ,a gre5 /one or gem :i* ! inhabitants ( ! ,we/ ,indies use4 ,!y pi]ce _! lips & ins]t ?is /one s t ! ?ick] "p adh]es to ! hole & ! re/ protrudes4 ,we might call ^! ornam5ts orip5duli m\?-p5dants4 ,?is /one 0 giv5 me by a le>n$ ,pi$montese1 ,johannes ,f]r]ius1 & he wrote ( x z foll[s3 8,i s5d a cyl9drical gre5 /one1 z long z a man's middle f+]1 & hav+ at "o extremity two ridges4 ,x is /at$ t ! ,brazilians ( high rank wore ^!1 f _! y\?1 9 _! pi]c$ lips2 "o or m be+ worn accord+ to ! dignity ( ! we>]4 ,:ile eat+1 or :5ev] !y s wi% = any o!r reason1 ^! ornam5ts are remov$ f ! lips40 ,simil> ornam5ts1 made ( a gre5 qu>tz & ( b]yl1 are 9 ! ,kunz collection 9 ! ,field ,museum ( ,*icago4 ,! reason = ^! /range mutilations1 :i* (t5 cause s]i\s discom=t to ^? :o practice !m1 is n at all easy to det]m9e4 ,"s h conjectur$ t by ! ins]tion ( bright1 color$ objects 9 ! e>s1 nose & lips1 memb]s ( ! same tribe 7 enabl$ to recognize ea* o!r at a di/ance2 ea* tribe hav+ select$ a p>ticul> color4 ,h[ev]1 al?\gh c]ta9 local pref]5ces are %[n 9 ! matt] ( color or mat]ial1 !re is no h>d & fa/ rule 9 ?is matt]1 & frequ5tly neighbor+ tribes w employ /ones or %ells ( ! same or simil> hue & appe>ance4 ,o!rs f9d 9 ?is cu/om a religi\s significance & suppose t ! mutilation repres5ts a =m ( sacrifice to ! spirits1 good or bad1 :o mu/ be r5d]$ favorable to man by "s act on 8 "p %[+ 8 unconditional submission to !m4 ,orig9at+ 9 ?is way ! idea ( adornm5t 0 a second>y impulse4 ,x is a fact t anci5t peoples reg>d$ ! we>+ ( e>-r+s z a badge ( slav]y1 &1 accord+ to a ,rabb9ical leg5d1 ,eve's e>s 7 pi]c$ z a puni%m5t = h] disob$i5ce1 :5 %e 0 driv5 f ! ,g>d5 ( ,ed54 ,a curi\s !ory 0 advanc$ by ,knopf4#chb ,he calls att5tion to ! habit *ildr5 h ( ?ru/+ small bright objects into _! noses & e>s1 & sugge/s t ?is indicates a natural prop5sity :i*1 c\pl$ ) ! e>ly-develop$ love ( adornm5t1 induc$ primitive man to affix ornam5tal objects on or 9 ! nose1 e>1 or m\?4 ,!re may be m 9 ?is ?an we are will+ to admit1 b on ! :ole x seems mo/ probable t c]emonial & religi\s consid]ations gave rise to ! cu/om4 ,"o ( ! l>ge/ masses ( sculptur$ ,*9ese jade is 9 ! collection ( ,t4 ,b4 ,walk]1 ,esq41 ( ,m9neapolis4 ,?is %[s a jade m\nta91 ) gr\ps ( figures arti/ically plac$ at its base1 & w9d+ pa?ways up to its summit4 ,on ! face ( ! rock is inscrib$ 9 beautiful ,*9ese *>act]s ! ,epid5dron ,pavilion ,essay ( ,wang ,hi-*e1 a ma/]piece ( ,*9ese calligraphy4 ,an enorm\s mass ( ,new ,zeal& jade 7punamu1 8gre5 /one07 weigh+ #gjjj p\nds1 f\nd 9 ,s\? ,isl& 9 #aijb1 is to be se5 9 ! ,museum ( ,natural ,hi/ory1 ,new ,york2 x 0 secur$ by ! writ] & 0 donat$ to ! ,museum by ! late ,j4 ,pi]pont ,morgan4 ,?is is ! l>ge/ mass ( jade kn[n1 or ( :i* we h any record4 ,on x is plac$ a rem>kable &1 9 its own peculi> way1 an arti/ic decoration1 s]v+ z a type ( old ,maori life1 & at ! same "t designat+ ! geographic s\rce ( ! jade 9 a /rik+ & unmi/akable mann] calculat$ to appeal to ! lea/ intellig5t visitor4 ,?is is a /atue ( a ,maori w>rior ( ! old days1 execut+ a w> dance1 *>act]i/ics ( :i* 7 a di/ortion ( ! features & a ?ru/+ out ( ! tongue int5d$ to express defiance & contempt ( ! enemy2 ! "t or cad5ce ( ! dance 0 m>k$ by slapp+ ! ?igh ) ! flat ( ! left h&4 ,?is figure 0 execut$ f life by ,sigurd ,ne&ross2 inde$ x 0 actually ca/ f ! model1 s t !re c be no d\bt z to its fidelity4 ,rock-cry/al is includ$ among ! v>i\s objects us$ z feti*es by ! ,*]okee ,indians4 ,?is /one is believ$ to h great p[] to give aid 9 hunt+ & also 9 div9+4 ,"o own] ( su* a cry/al kept 8 magic /one wrapp$ up 9 bucksk9 & hid x 9 a sacr$ cave2 at /at$ int]vals he w\ld take x out ( its repository & 8fe$0 x by rubb+ ov] x ! blood ( a de]4 ,?is goes to prove t ! /one1 z a feti*1 0 consid]$ to be a liv+ entity & z su* to require n\ri%m5t4#chc ,illu/ration3 ,,/atue ,,( ,a ,,maori ,,w>rior1 ,,by ,,sigurd ,,ne&ross4 ,! base is a block ( ,new ,zeal& jade f ,s\? ,isl&1 weigh+ ?ree tons4 ,x 0 donat$ by ,mr4 ,j4 ,pi]pont ,morgan to ! ,am]ican ,museum ( ,natural ,hi/ory4 ,preci\s /ones h be5 ev]y:]e reg>d$ z especially appropriate (f]+s at ! %r9e ( a div9ity1 = ! wor%ipp] naturally ?\ght t :at 0 mo/ valuable & beautiful 9 8 eyes mu/ also be mo/ pleas+ to ! div9ity he wor%ipp$4 ,h[ev]1 we r>ely f9d ! usage :i* 0 rem>k$ by ,francisco ,lopez de ,gom>a among ! ,indians ( ,new ,granada ab\t ! "t ( ! ,spani% ,conque/4#chd ,^! natives 8burn$ gold & em]alds0 be=e ! images ( ! sun & moon1 :i* 7 reg>d$ z ! highe/ div9ities4 ,c]ta9ly to use preci\s /ones = a 8burnt (f]+0 0 an orig9al & curi\s idea1 al?\gh we h abundant pro( t pe>ls 7 (f]$ 9 ?is way by ! m\nd-build]s ( ! ,mississippi ,valley4 ,9 ?is case great quantities ( pe>ls 7 burn$ at ! obsequies ( ! *iefs ( ! tribes1 or at ^? ( any "o belong+ to ! family ( a *ief4 ,9 anci5t ,mexico ! lapid>ies ador$ ! f\r foll[+ div9ities z _! tutel>y gods3 ,*iconaui ,itzcu9tli 78n9e dogs071 ,naualpilli 78noble necromanc]071 ,macuilcalli 78five horses071 & ,c9tectl 78! god ( h>ve/074 ,a fe/ival 0 celebrat$ 9 honor ( ! ?ree la/-nam$ div9ities :5 ! zodiacal sign call$ *iconaui itzcu9tli 0 9 ! asc5dant4 ,a fem99e div9ity repres5t$ ?is sign & to h] 0 attribut$ ! inv5tion ( ! g>m5ts & ! ornam5ts worn by wom54 ,! f\r gods ( ! lapid>ies 7 look$ ^u z ! discov]]s & tea*]s ( ! art ( cutt+ preci\s /ones & ( pi]c+ & poli%+ !m1 z well z ( ! mak+ ( labrets & e>flaps ( obsidian1 rock-cry/al1 or amb]4 ,!y also 7 ! inv5tors ( necklaces & bracelets4#che ,! /ones worn by ,*9ese m&>9s z a designation ( _! rank 7 und\bt$ly det]m9$ orig9ally by religi\s or c]emonial consid]ations4 ,!y are z foll[s2 x w be notic$ t r$ /ones are giv5 ! pref]5ce3 ,r$ or p9k t\rmal9e1 ruby 7& rubellite7 #a/ rank4 ,coral or an inf]ior r$ /one 7g>net7 #b;d rank4 ,blue /one 7b]yl or lapis-lazuli7 #c;d rank4 ,rock-cry/al #d? rank4 ,o!r :ite /ones #e? rank4 ,! k ( classical my?ology 0 s slight among ! ecclesia/ics ( ! ,middle ,ages t "s v que] attributions ( ! subjects engrav$ on ,greek & ,roman gems 7 made dur+ ?is p]iod4 ,a reliqu>y conta9+ a too? ( ! ,apo/le ,pet]1 pres]v$ 9 ! ,ca!dral ( ,troyes1 0 set ) antique gems :i* _h be5 plund]$ by ,fr5* & ,v5etian crusad]s f ! treasure-h\se ( ! ,greek ,emp]or 9 ,con/ant9ople1 :5 t city 0 sack$ 9 #abjd dur+ ! ,f\r? ,crusade4 ,among ^! gems 0 "o repres5t+ ,l$a & ! ,swan--c]ta9ly a curi\s subject = ! adornm5t ( a ,*ri/ian reliqu>y4 ,ano!r ,greek or ,roman gem1 long pres]v$ 9 a *ur*1 0 furni%$ by its ,*ri/ian own]s ) an inscription indicat+ t ! figure engrav$ ^u x 0 t ( ,/4 ,mi*ael1 :ile 9 reality x 0 a repres5tation ( ! god ,m]cury4 ,/ill ano!r gem 0 provid$ ) an inscription signify+ t ! subject 0 ! temptation ( ,"m ,eve 9 ! ,g>d5 ( ,ed51 b ! ,greek gem engrav]'s int5t _h be5 to c>ve ! figures ( ,zeus & ,a!na1 /&+ be=e an olive tree1 a design :i* appe>s on "s ,a!nian co9s2 at ! feet ( ! div9ities appe>s a s]p5t4 ,9 a simil> way ! gra9-measure cr[n+ ! head ( ,jupit]-,s]apis l$ to ! attribution ( a gem s engrav$ to ! patri>* ,joseph4#chf ,an engrav$ ame?y/ be>+ ! figure ( a little ,cupid is said to h be5 worn 9 a r+ by ,/4 ,val5t9e4 ,:ile ?is may be some:at d\btful1 x is by no means impossible1 = _m pagan gems 7 worn by pi\s ,*ri/ians1 :o reconcil$ _! consci5ces to ! use ( ^! beautiful b sc>cely religi\s ornam5ts by giv+ to ! pagan symbols a ,*ri/ian mean+4 ,c]ta9ly1 9 view ( ! "t-honor$ cu/oms connect$ ) ,/4 ,val5t9e's ,day1 !re seems some?+ peculi>ly appropriate 9 ! design ( ! r+ suppos$ to h be5 worn by ,/4 ,val5t9e4 ,t preci\s /ones _h s5se & feel+ 0 q g5]ally believ$ 9 m$ieval times1 & a leg5d told ( ,/4 ,m>tial illu/rates ?is idea4 ,! gloves worn by ?is sa9t 7 /udd$ ) preci\s /ones1 & :5 on a c]ta9 occasion a sacrilegi\s act 0 committ$ 9 8 pres5ce1 ! gems1 horrifi$ at ! sight1 sprang out ( _! sett+s & fell to ! gr\nd be=e ! eyes ( ! onlook]s4 ,illu/ration3 ,,title ,,page ,,( ,a ,,gr\p ,,( ,,treatises ,,by ,,v>i\s ,,au?ors1 ,,collect$ ,,& ,,edit$ ,,by ,,conrad ,,gesn] ,,at ,z,,ri* ,,9 #aefe4 ,! upp] "o ( ! two r+s figur$ is set ) a natural po9t$ diamond1 ! l[] "o ) a piece ( amb] enclos+ an insect2 gr\p$ ar\nd are twelve /ones repres5t+ ^? ( ! ,brea/plate4 ,! ,/4 ,sylve/] or ,/4 ,james /one is a b&$ agate 9 two colors1 ! "o d>k & ! o!r light1 ) a cat's-eye effect s t bo? colors are equally visible4 ,! light side repres5ts ! old ye>1 ) its kn[n occurr5ces1 & ! opaque side repres5ts ! new ye>1 :i* is d>k l futurity4 ,?is is a typical /one = a ,new ,ye>'s pres5t or = "o born on ,/4 ,sylve/]'s ,day1 ! la/ day ( ! ye>4 ,! popul> tradition is t ! memb] ( a family or a h\sehold :o is la/ to arise on t day w be ! la/ to arise all ! ye> ar\nd4 ,! fam\s 8,sacro ,cat9o0 pres]v$ 9 ,g5oa 0 long believ$ to be made ( a s+le imm5se em]ald1 b c>eful inve/igation prov$ t x 0 ( no m valuable mat]ial ?an gre5 glass4 ,a leg5d /ill curr5t 9 ! e>ly "p ( ! sixte5? c5tury repres5t$ ?is cup1 or di%1 z hav+ be5 us$ by ,*ri/ at ! ,la/ ,supp]1 & /at$ t x 0 "o ( ! ut5sils :i* ,k+ ,h]od ord]$ to be br\ght f ,galilee to ,j]usalem = ! celebration ( ! pas*al fea/2 b 8 purpose hav+ be5 *ang$ by ,div9e ,provid5ce1 he made o!r use ( x4#chg ,a que] /ory has be5 told reg>d+ ! ,g5oese em]ald4 ,at "o "t :5 ! gov]nm5t 0 h>d press$ = money1 ! ,sacro ,cat9o 0 (f]$ to a ri* ,jew ( ,metz z pl$ge = a loan ( #ajj1jjj cr[ns4 ,he 0 loa? to take x1 z he probably recogniz$ its spuri\s "*1 & :5 8 ,*ri/ian cli5ts =c$ him to accept x "u ?reats ( dire v5geance 9 case ( refusal1 he prote/$ t !y 7 tak+ a base advantage ( ! unpopul>ity ( 8 fai?1 s9ce !y c\ld n f9d a ,*ri/ian :o w\ld make ! loan4 ,h[ev]1 :5 "s ye>s lat] ! ,g5oese 7 ready to r$eem ?is preci\s relic1 !y 7 mu* puzzl$ to le>n t a half-doz5 diff]5t p]sons claim$ to h x 9 _! possession1 ! fact be+ t ! ,jew _h fabricat$ a numb] ( copies :i* he _h succe$$ 9 pawn+ = l>ge sums1 assur+ ! l5d] 9 ea* case t ! r$emption ( ! pl$ge 0 c]ta94 ,among ! celebrat$ em]alds not$ by ,george ,agricola#chh 7#adij-aeee7 0 a l>ge "o pres]v$ 9 a mona/]y ne> ,lyons1 ,france4 ,?is is also m5tion$ by ,gesn]1 :o /ates t x 0 %ap$ z a di%1 or %all[ cup1 & 0 held to be ! ,holy ,grail1 l its rival at ,g5oa4#chi ,ano!r ( ,agricola's em]alds 0 some:at small]1 b nev]!less measur$ n9e in*es 9 diamet] & 0 9 ! *apel ( ,/4 ,w5ceslaus1 at ,prague2 ?is may h be5 a *rysoprase1 z at ! pres5t day _m f9e specim5s ( ?is /one c be se5 9 ,/4 ,w5ceslaus1 :]e ! walls are inlaid ) ! gold5 gre5 gem-/one4 ,/ill ano!r1 l>g] ?an ! la/ nam$1 0 set 9 ! gold mon/rance 9 ,magdeburg1 & 0 believ$ to h be5 ! h&le ( ,emp]or ,o?o ,i's knife1 s9ce x 0 p]=at$4 ,possibly1 h[ev]1 ! em]ald1 if g5u9e1 0 an ,ori5tal /one1 = x 0 cu/om>y to pi]ce rubies1 sapphires1 em]alds1 etc41 9 ! ,ea/ s z to /r+ !m = necklaces or atta* !m z p5dants to a jewel4 ,9 ! conv5t-*ur* ( ,/4 ,/ephan1 9 ,p]sian ,arm5ia1 erect$ ab\t ! middle ( ! sev5te5? c5tury1 x is relat$ by ! ,fr5* travell] ,tav]ni] t !re 0 pres]v$ a cross said to be made out ( ! bas9 9 :i* ,*ri/ wa%$ ! feet ( ! ,apo/les4 ,set 9 ?is cross 0 a :ite /one1 & ! prie/s ass]t$ t :5 ! cross 0 laid ^u ! body ( "o s]i\sly ill1 ?is /one w\ld turn black if he 7 ab\t to die1 b w\ld rega9 its :ite hue aft] 8 dea?4#cij ,no jewell$ sacr$ image has be5 ! object ( great] rev]5ce ?an has be5 accord$ to ! rude little wood5 c>v+ popul>ly kn[n z ! 8,sacro ,bamb9o0 or 8,sacr$ ,baby10 9 ! old *ur* ( ,ara ,coeli 9 ,rome4 ,?is figure 0 c>v$1 9 #ahdg1 by a monk1 out ( a piece ( olive-wood f "o ( ! anci5t trees gr[+ on ! ,m\nt ( ,olives ne> ,j]usalem4 ,! c>v+ 0 execut$ 9 ! ,holy ,l& & 0 s5t !nce to ,italy1 & al?\gh ! %ip be>+ x 0 %ipwreck$1 ?is preci\s freight 0 miracul\sly pres]v$ & is suppos$ to h be5 convey$ to its de/9ation 9 "s my/]i\s way4 ,! rev]5ce ( ! ?\s&s ( pilgrims :o 9 ! c\rse ( "t h gaz$ ) v5]ation ^u ?is qua9t & curi\s "w ( art1 has f\nd expression 9 ! be/[al ( a weal? ( gems & jewels1 includ+ necklaces1 broo*es1 r+s1 etc41 ) :i* ! silk5 dress ( ! image is /udd$4 ,a cr[n ( gold adorn$ ) preci\s /ones re/s ^u ! head ( ! olive-wood figure1 :i* is jeal\sly gu>d$ by ! prie/s & only %[n to ! fai?ful z a p>ticul> favor1 except on ! occasion ( c]ta9 religi\s fe/ivals4 ,"o ( ! mo/ r5[n$ em]alds 9 ! _w surm\nt$ ! elaborately jewell$ imp]ial cr[n t 0 plac$ ^u ! head ( ! v5]at$ image ( ! ,virg5 del ,sagr>io 9 ! ,ca!dral ( ,tol$o4 ,?is em]ald1 ( a ri* gre5 color1 0 cut z a p]fect sph]e & measur$ ab\t #dj millimetres1 or #a in*es1 9 diamet]4 ,! cr[n itself 0 ! "w ( ! ,tol$an goldsmi?1 ,don ,diego ,alejo de ,montoya1 :o began 8 task 9 #aegd & devot$ twelve ye>s to its completion4 ,x is describ$ z be+ ( almo/ pure gold & execut$ 9 ! ,r5aissance /yle4 ,curi\sly *as$ 9 arabesque designs & enamell$ 9 v>i\s colors1 ! framework ( ! cr[n s]v$ z a magnific5t backgr\nd = ! gems con/itut+ its adornm5t1 :i* compris$ rubies1 em]alds1 & ,ori5tal pe>ls2 a r[ ( angels & *]ubs su/a9$ ! ar*es :i* bore at _! summit ! allegorical figures ( ,fai?1 ,hope1 & ,*>ity2 ^u t repres5t+ ,fai? re/$ ! spl5did em]ald4 ,?is preci\s ornam5t 0 /ill pres]v$ 9 ! ,ca!dral 9 #ahfe1 b 0 s c>elessly gu>d$ t x 0 /ol5 9 #ahfi4cia ,if we are to believe ! foll[+ anecdote1 ! em]ald disappe>$ at an e>li] date3 ,x is said t 9 #ahji1 dur+ ! ,fr5* occupation ( ,spa91 ,m>%al ,junot visit$ ?is ca!dral1 & ! em]ald 0 po9t$ out to him z "o ( ! *ief glories ( ! %r9e4 ,z soon z ! m>%al's covet\s glance re/$ ^u ! gem1 he pluck$ x f its sett+1 rem>k+1 coolly1 to ! a/oni%$ & horrifi$ by/&]s1 8,?is belongs to me40 ,!n1 smil+ & b[+1 he left ! ca!dral ) ! em]ald safely ensconc$ 9 8 wai/coat pocket4 ,lat]1 x 0 replac$ by an imitation 9 glass4 ,! fam\s collection ( jewels ga!r$ toge!r 9 ! treasury ( ! ,santa ,casa1 at ,loreto1 ,italy1 0 plund]$ dur+ ! ,fr5* occupation 9 #agig1 & all trace ( mo/ ( ! magnific5t ornam5ts has be5 lo/4 ,^! repres5t$ ! gifts ( _m cr[n$ heads & titl$ p]sonages2 among ! =m] 0 ! un=tunate ,h5rietta ,m>ia1 wife ( ,*>les ,i1 :o donat$ a gold5 he>t-%ap$ jewel ) ! words 8,jesus ,m>ia0 incru/$ 9 diamonds4 ,?is jewel is describ$ z be+ 8z big z bo? a man's h&s1 op5$ onto two leaves1 on "o ( :i* 0 ! figure ( ! ,bless$ ,virg9 & on ! o!r a portrait ( ! que5 h]self40#cib ,( ! _m ri* ve/m5ts = decorat+ ! /atue ( ! ,virg9 9 ! sanctu>y1 ! mo/ spl5did 0 ! gift ( ! ,infanta ,isabel ( ,fl&]s1 & 0 valu$ at #dj1jjj cr[ns4 ,9 a sev5te5?-c5tury acc\nt by an ,engli% travell] x is ?us describ$3#cic ,its set ?ick ) six r[s ( diamonds d[ne be=e1 to ! numb] ( ?ree ?\s&1 & its all wr\ght ov] ) a k9de ( embroid]y ( little pe>le set ?ick ev]y:]e )9 ! fl[]s ) great r\nd pe>le1 to ! numb] tw5ty ?\s& pe>les 9 all4 ,! same writ] tells u ! ni*e 9 :i* ! /atue 0 plac$ 0 bord]$ ) a r[ ( preci\s /ones ( great numb]1 size1 & value1 ! colors be+ s v>i$ t ?is bord]+ =m$ 8a ri* ,iris ( sev]al colors40 ,!re is also said to h be5 a great pe>l1 set 9 gold1 & engrav$ ) ! image ( ! ,virg9 & ,*ild4#cid ,x seems probable t ?is 0 a jewel made ( a b>oque pe>l1 or pe>ls1 complet$ by enamel-"w s z to repres5t ! sacr$ figures4 ,! pectoral cross worn 9 solemn processions by ! prior ( ! mona/]y ( ,san ,lor5zo del ,escorial 0 adorn$ ) eight p]fect em]alds1 five diamonds1 & five pe>ls4 ,f x hung a spl5did pe>-%ap$ pe>l1 ! gift ( ,philip ,,ii 9 #aeie1 & "o ( ! f9e/ ( ^? acquir$ by ?is mon>*4 ,9 #agdj ! cross 0 valu$ at #ej1jjj cr[ns1 ,philip's great pe>l n be+ includ$ 9 ?is valuation4#cie ,! mona/]y ( ,/reone%alh1 lat] ,:itby ,abbey1 0 f\nd$ ab\t #fef ,a4,d4 by ,oswy1 ,k+ ( ,nor?umbria1 9 fulfilm5t ( a v[ made be=e 8 victory ov] ! pagan k+ ,p5da1 at ! battle ( ,w9widfield1 f\ght 9 ,novemb]1 #fed4 ,/4 ,hilda 0 made abbess ( ?is mona/]y1 & ,oswy's daught] ,aelfl$a took ! veil & ev5tually1 9 #fhj1 succe$$ ,hilda z abbess2 %e di$ 9 #gac4cif ,tradition relates t at ?is e>ly date crosses & ros>ies 7 made = ! inmates ( ! mona/]y f ! jet f\nd 9 ! neighborhood4 ,! 8,:itby jet10 s popul> & fa%ionable 9 ! eighte5? c5tury1 0 l>gely d]iv$ f ! same s\rce1 & s9ce !n has _h sev]al revivals1 until replac$ by black-/a9$ *alc$ony1 ! s-call$ onyx1 &1 lat] /ill1 by /eel c>v$ ) glass & glass itself4 ,9 ! sixte5? c5tury jet 0 popul>ly call$ 8black amb]10 & ,c>dano /ates t 9 8 "t beads ( ?is mat]ial 7 made up into ros>ies4 ,he also says t curi\s figures made ( jet 7 br\ght f ,spa9 to ,italy4#cig ,_m are unaw>e ( ! fact t a numb] ( ornam5tal objects made ( nephrite & jadeite--unque/ionably ( ,european orig9--are to be se5 9 ! quiet little t[n ( ,p]ugia4 ,^! objects1 collect$ pr9cipally 9 c5tral & s\!rn ,italy1 con/itute ! ,belucci ,collection1 9 t city4 ,?is collection also conta9s o!r specim5s ( work$ jadeite1 :i* mu/ h be5 br\ght to ,europe at ! "t ( ! ,spani% conque/ ( ,mexico & ,p]u4 ,a v int]e/+ example %[s u ! utilization ( a pagan celt to =m a ,*ri/ian emblem4 ,by ! removal ( a rectangul> piece f ea* ( ! f\r corn]s ( ! jadeite celt1 a p]fect cross has be5 made1 ! back & front ( :i* /ill (f] ! orig9al poli% giv5 to ! mat]ial c5turies ago by ! native ,am]ican work]4 ,! sup]/iti\s belief propagat$ 9 ,europe by ! return+ ,spani% sailors1 v probably an inv5tion ( _! own to enhance ! value ( _! jade & jadeite1 t ^! m9]als 7 worn by ! natives z a cure = diseases ( ! kidneys1 :5ce ! "n lapis nephriticus1 r5d]$ ! mat]ial exceptionally preci\s 9 ! eyes ( _m1 & q possibly x may h be5 ?\ght t1 by trans=m+ ?is object into ! sacr$ =m ( ! cross1 a talisman w\ld be produc$ t w\ld n only effect ! cure ( a special disease1 b w\ld also by its sup]ior virtue gu>d ! we>] f h>m & dang] ( all k9ds4 ,"h may also be se5 "s celts ( ,european jade sew$ up 9 little bags to be worn on ! lo9s4 ,illu/ration3 #a4 ,cross made f a celt ( jadeite 7,mexican71 b\ght f a peasant 9 ,p]ugia4 ,?is 0 orig9ally a celt & 0 divid$ into f\r pieces4 ,( ,mexican orig9 & br\ght to ,italy 9 sixte5? c5tury4 ,belluci ,collection4 #b4 ,jadeite celt1 f ,guatemala4 #c4 ,celt1 ,aborig9al4 ,a small /one hat*et made ( jade nephrite1 ( ! k9d believ$ by ! peasants to be ?und]bolts4 ,m\nt$ 9 silv] to be worn z a *>m4 ,?is specim51 ti$ ov] ! lo9s1 is said to h be5 worn z rec5tly z fifty ye>s ago by a ,scotti% g5tleman z a cure = kidney disease4 ,briti% ,museum4 ,c]ta9 curi\s amulets call$ magatama 7crook$ jewels7 h be5 f\nd 9 ,japanese graves ( ! iron age2#cih !y are =m$ ( v>i\s mat]ials1 among o!rs ( /eatite1 jasp]1 c>nelian1 agate1 rock cry/al1 *rysoprase & nephrite 7jade74 ,9 ! %ell heaps ( a p]iod prec$+ ! iron age1 ! magatama are frequ5tly made ( horn1 or ( bo>'s or wolf's tee?1 & _! peculi> =m1 :i* is v>i\sly expla9$ z a symbol1 may h be5 condition$ by ! %ape ( ! mat]ials orig9ally us$4 ,! magatama 7 evid5tly reg>d$ z amulets4 8,!y are g5]ally p]=at$ at ! ?ick end1 & 7 worn on a /r+1 toge!r ) beads & bugles ( ! same mat]ial40 ,^! peculi> ornam5ts 7 us$ to adorn ! /atues ( ! gods & 7 also employ$ z imp]ial insignia & di/9ctive m>ks ( high rank4 ,at ! pres5t day !y are numb]$ among ! ?ree emblems ( sov]eignty 9 ,japan4 ,a gre5 & a r$ magatama are comb9$ 9 ! national emblem ( ,korea & a simil> figure is us$ 9 ,*9a to symbolize ! union ( ! mascul9e & fem99e pr9ciples 7,yang & ,y97 9 nature4 ,dr4 ,baelz believes t ! swa/ika emblem1 enc\nt]$ 9 s _m diff]5t p>ts ( ! _w1 belongs to ! same ord] ( ideas4 ,! ,bghai tribes ( ,burma h _m sup]/itions 9 reg>d to /ones1 su* z g>nets1 rock-cry/al1 *alc$ony1 c>nelian1 agate1 onyx & o!rs ( less value1 _! repute n dep5d+ entirely or pr9cipally ^u _! quality z gem-/ones4 ,9 almo/ e h\sehold is in/all$ a /one feti%1 & blood (f]+s are on occasion made to ?is4 ,a "q z to ! reason = ?is (f]+ elicit$ ! foll[+ reply3 8,if we d n give x blood to eat x w eat u40 ,a common belief 0 t spirits good or bad dwelt 9 ! /ones1 & 9 case a great mis=tune befell a family1 ?is 0 sometimes laid to ! *>ge ( su* a _s4 ,! fa!r ( a family hav+ di$1 8 wid[ comm&$ h] son to ?r[ away _! magic /one4 ,?is he did1 b ! _s 0 n to be d5i$1 = %ortly aft]w>d ?is v /one 0 f\nd to h return$ to its accu/om$ place1 & _h ev5 br\ght two companion /ones ) x6#cii ,ruy ,gonzalez de ,clavijo1 :o travell$ 9 ! ,ea/ dur+ ! ye>s #adjc-adjf1 gives a description ( a slab ( /one be>+ ! outl9es ( a 8natural picture10 & plac$ 9 ! *ur* ( ,/4 ,sophia1 9 ,con/ant9ople3#djj ,9 ! wall1 on ! left-h& side1 !re is a v l>ge :ite slab1 on :i*1 among _m o!r figures1 0 drawn1 v naturally1 )\t any human artifice ( sculpture or pa9t+1 ! mo/ sacr$ & bless$ ,virg9 ,m>y1 ) our ,"l ,jesus ,*ri/ 9 h] mo/ holy arms1 ) 8 mo/ glori\s =]unn]1 ,/4 ,john ! ,bapti/1 on "o side4 ,^! images1 z ,i said be=e1 are n drawn or pa9t$ ) any color1 or inlaid1 b ! /one itself gave bir? to ?is picture1 ) its ve9s1 :i* may be cle>ly se52 & !y say t :5 ?is /one 0 cut1 to be plac$ 9 ?is mo/ holy place1 ! workman saw ^! mo/ wond]ful & =tunate images on x1 &1 z ?is *ur* 0 ! mo/ important "o 9 ! city1 t /one 0 deposit$ 9 x4 ,! said images appe> z if !y 7 9 ! cl\ds ( heav51 & z if !re 0 a ?9 veil be=e !m4 ,_m o!r examples ( ^! 8natural gems0 are not$ by e>ly writ]s4 ,among !m 0 an agate gem 9 ! treasury ( ! ,basilica ( ,/4 ,m>k1 9 ,v5ice4 ,^u ?is gem appe>$ ! head ( a k+1 adorn$ ) a diadem1 ! :ole design be+ figur$ naturally by ! ve9+ ( ! agate1 & n ow+ any?+ to artifice4 ,9 ! same city1 ^u a column 9 ! *ur* ( ,san ,georgio ,maggiore1 c\ld be se5 ! lik5ess ( ,our ,"l1 hang+ f ! ,cross4#dja ,su* /ones1 ) peculi> m>k+s indicat+ ! =m ( human heads & figures1 7 reg>d$ z ! "w ( high] p[]s4 ,ano!r rem>kable example is describ$ by ,kir*] z foll[s3#djb ,9 ,rome1 9 ! ,*apel ( ! ,sacr$ ,virg91 ne> ! organ to ! "r h& ( ^? :o ent] ! ,*ur* ( ,/4 ,pet]1 an image may be se5 9 :i* ! ,bless$ ,virg9 ( ,loreto is s arti/ically depict$ by ,nature t x appe>s to be ! "w ( an arti/'s h&4 ,%e is attir$ 9 a triple g>m5t1 divid$ by a zone1 & holds 9 h] arms ! *ild1 :o is di/+ui%$ by a cr[n1 z is ! "m4 ,ar\nd may be se5 ! figures ( angels4 ,! r$ spots ^u ! blood/one 7 said 9 ,*ri/ian leg5d to repres5t ! blood ( ,*ri/4 ,?is idea has be5 beautifully utiliz$ 9 "s gems cut f ?is /one1 :]eon ! ?orn-cr[n$ head ( ,*ri/ is s plac$ t ! r$ spots ( ! blood/one figure ! drops ( blood trickl+ d[n ! hair & face ( ! ,savi\r4 ,su* a gem might well be look$ ^u z a ,*ri/ian amulet & "o t c\ld be rev]5tly worn by any believ]4 ,! ignorance 9 ! ,middle ,ages ( ! art ( gem-engrav+ (t5 induc$ ! belief t engrav$ /ones 7 ! "w ( nature4 ,a /rik+ in/ance ( ?is 0 ! celebrat$ /one ov] ! figure ( ! ,"m ( ,jesus1 on ! tomb ( ,/4 ,elizabe? ( ,m>burg4 ,on ?is gem appe>$ two heads t\*+ ea* o!r1 & x 01 accord+ to tradition1 n a "w ( art1 b a freak ( ! sculptress ,nature4 ,an (t-repeat$ leg5d tells u t a =m] ,elector ( ,ma9z (f]$ ! :ole di/rict ( ,amneb]g = ?is co/ly /one1 :i* robb] h&s remov$ at ,cassel4 ,x is 9 reality a f9e onyx engrav$ ) ! heads ( ,ca/or & ,pollux4#djc ,we might be dispos$ to reg>d r sceptically ! tales reg>d+ wond]ful /ones be>+ ! image ( ,*ri/1 or t ( ! ,virg9 ,m>y1 & we may be incl9$ to believe t ! old acc\nts are exagg]at$ or di/ort$ by ! pi\s imag9ations ( ! writ]s4 ,nev]!less1 9 our own "t we h a well-atte/$ case ( ! discov]y ( su* a /one4 ,9 #ahhj1 :ile visit+ ! village ( ,ob]amm]gau1 ,bav>ia1 to witness ! ,passion ,play1 ,mrs4 ,eug5ia ,jones-,bacon1 ( ,atlanta1 ,georgia1 f\nd on ,m\nt ,kopfel1 :i* ov]looks ! village1 a small /one compos$ ( *]t & lime/one1 & hav+ on its surface excresc5ces s dispos$ t1 :5 ! /one 0 held at a c]ta9 angle1 ! %ad[s ca/ by !m =m$ a /rik+ lik5ess ( ! head ( ,*ri/ z depict$ 9 ,*ri/ian art4 ,?is peculi> freak specim5 has be5 c>efully exam9$ by exp]ts & has be5 pron\nc$ to be entirely a "w ( nature4 ,! m9]alogi/ is n dispos$ to see "h any?+ m ?an co9cid5ce1 & yet ! mo/ sceptical _c fail to be impress$ by ! fact t su* a /one 0 f\nd at ! "t & place ( ! ,passion ,play4 ,z ,max ,mll] said1 9 comm5t+ on ?is /range discov]y3 8,! *apt] ( accid5ts is mu* l>g] ?an we imag9e10 & ! pres5t writ] feels dispos$ to add t x is rem>kable h[ (t5 we f9d :at we are look+ =1 especially if we are only look+ or ?9k+ ( "o object or subject4 ,! religi\s symbolism ( ! diamond 0 a favorite !me ) ! ?irte5? c5tury 8lapid>ia10 or rhym$ treatises on preci\s /ones4 ,j z x c\ld only be discov]$ by night--an old fancy--s 0 ! ,inc>nation a hidd5 my/]y2 x gave =? a great light1 j z ,jesus illum9$ ! dep?s ( ,hades :5 he desc5d$ ?i!r2 x 0 unconqu]ably h>d1 & :o c resi/ ! might ( ,god8#djd ,! m$ival ,italians :o 7 fond ( seek+ "s hidd5 & significant mean+ 9 ! names ( preci\s /ones1 9 ! case ( ! diamond 7diamante71 read ! phrase amante di ,dio1 or 8lov] ( ,god40#dje ,?is 0 a reason = reg>d+ ! brilliant gem z a sacr$ /one & "o especially suitable = religi\s use4 ,! ,rosicrucians1 :o s\ght to comb9e pagan ) ,*ri/ian types & figures1 saw 9 ! ame?y/ & ! ame?y/9e color a symbol ( ! div9e male sacrifice1 s9ce ! /one & ! color 7 typical ( love1 tru?1 passion1 suff]+1 & hope4 ,! love ( ,*ri/ l$ him to make ! supreme sacrifice & suff] ! agony ( ! ,cross1 & ! ,crucifixion 0 foll[$ by ! ,resurrection1 :5ce came ! hope ( mank9d to enjoy et]nal happ9ess 9 heav54 ,! *ia/olite1 or macle1 %[s ! repres5tation ( a cross on its surface1 ?is effect be+ produc$ by ! regul> arrangem5t ( c>bonace\s impurities along ! axes ( ! cry/al4 ,! "n signifies a m>k+ resembl+ ! ,greek lett] 7*i74 ,?is m>k+ is (t5 v /rik+ 9 appe>ance1 & ! cry/al 0 naturally reg>d$ z hav+ a my/ical & religi\s significance4 ,x 0 said to /an* ! fl[ ( blood f any "p ( ! body if worn s z to t\* ! sk91 & x 0 also believ$ to increase ! secretion ( milk4 ,all k9ds ( fev]s 7 cur$ by ?is m9]al if x 7 worn susp5d$ f ! neck1 & ! div9e symbol x bore s]v$ to drive away evil spirits f ! neighborhood ( ! we>]4 ,?is v int]e/+ m9]al occurs v frequ5tly 9 mica s*i/s4 ,:5 f\nd1 x appe>s ab\t ! ?ickness ( a small f+]1 tap]+ slightly at ea* edge4 ,if brok5 ne> "o end1 x (t5 %[s a :ite cross ) a ve9$ outl9e ( black1 mak+ a di/9ct cross ) black m>k+s4 ,! cry/als frequ5tly measure f two to f\r in*es 9 l5g?1 & are f\nd 9 ,massa*usetts1 ,cali=nia1 & o!r places4 ,if small segm5ts are brok5 (f1 x w be f\nd t ! black outl9e w become /rong]1 & ! :ite less m>k$1 until f9ally a black cross w appe>1 ) :ite m>k+s4 ,! :ite mat]ial is ! result ( two :ite w$ges pu%$ po9t onw>d until ! ends meet1 ! n>r[ end ( "o w$ge be+ cross$ by ! broad end ( ! second w$ge1 & ! black fill+ 9 ! balance ( ! squ>e4 ,no two ( ^! squ>e crosses c ?us ev] be exactly alike1 &1 :5 poli%$1 ! cry/als naturally =m an int]e/+ /one t 0 kn[n z lapis crucif]1 or cross-/one by ! anci5ts4 ,illu/ration3 ,,/aurolite ,,cry/als 7,,fairy ,,/ones74 ,patrick ,c\nty1 ,virg9ia4 ,! peculi> =m ( ! m9]al kn[n z /aurolite 7f ! ,greek cross7 is due to ! tw9n+ ( two cry/als at "r angles4 ,9 ,cron/$t's treatise on m9]alogy1 publi%$ 9 ,/ockholm 9 #ageh1 we are told t ! /aurolite 0 sometimes call$ ,basel] ,tauf/e9 7baptismal-/one7 or lapis crucif]1 ! =m] "n be+ us$ 9 ,basel1 :]e ! /one 0 employ$ z an amulet at baptisms4 ,h[ev]1 ! lapis crucif] ( ,de ,boot appe>s f 8 description to h be5 ! *ia/olite4 ,9 ,brittany ^! tw9 cry/als 7 worn z *>ms1 & local leg5ds /ate t !y _h dropp$ f ! heav5s4 ,f9e cry/als ( /aurolite h be5 f\nd 9 ,patrick ,c\nty1 ,virg9ia1 & !re is said to be a beautiful local leg5d 9 reg>d to _! orig94 ,ne> :]e !y are f\nd !re wells up a spr+ ( limpid wat]1 & ! /ory goes t "o day1 long1 long ago1 :5 ! fairies 7 danc+ & play+ ar\nd ?is spr+1 an elf9 mess5g] w+$ 8 way ?r\gh ! air & alight$ among !m4 ,he bore to !m ! sad tid+s ( ! crucifixion ( ,*ri/ 9 a f>-(f city4 ,s m\rnful 0 8 recital ( ! suff]+s ( ! ,savi\r t ! fairies bur/ into te>s1 & ^! fairy te>-drops1 z !y fell to e>?1 cry/alliz$ into ! =m ( ! cross4 ,^! natural crosses are 9 great dem& z *>ms1 & ex-,presid5t ,roosevelt is said to we> "o ( !m m\nt$ z a wat*-*>m4 ,!re has be5 f\nd 9 ! s\!rn "p ( ,new ,mexico1 & 9 nor!rn ,mexico1 a blue v>iety ( calam9e1 a hydr\s silicate ( z9c1 color$ blue by an admixture ( copp]4 ,?is /one has be5 cut into gem =m & has be5 sold to a c]ta9 ext5t z a *eap gem4 ,x is transluc5t & is sometimes ve9$ ) :ite wavy l9es4 ,! ,mexican ,indians employ$ 9 ! m9es (t5 set up a cross & a c&le ne> :]e !y are work+1 s t !y may pay _! devotions at ?is improvis$ %r9e4 ,9 ,sonora & ,we/]n ,*ihuahua ! ,indians frequ5tly place a piece ( ! /one to :i* we h allud$ alongside ! cross4 ,!y may be attract$ by its beautiful blue color1 or !y may believe t x is a turquoise1 al?\gh x does n resemble ?is latt] /one1 :i* is m opaque1 ( a diff]5t %ade ( blue & ( a diff]5t composition4 ,9 "s epitaphs ! hope ( ! resurrection f9ds expression 9 lik5+ ! body enclos$ 9 its n>r[ c(f9 to a preci\s jewel 9 its casket4 ,! foll[+ l9es f a tomb/one erect$ 9 #afee to ! memory ( ,m>y ,c\rtney1 at ,f[ell1 ,cornwall1 ,engl&1 give a good example ( ?is class ( inscription3#djf ,ne> ?is a r>e jewell's set1 ,clos'd up 9 a cab9et4 ,let no sacrilegi\s h& ,breake ?r\gh--'tis ye /rickte comaund ,( ! jewell]3 :o ha? sayd 7,& 'tis fit he be obey'd7 ,i'll require x safe & s\nd ,bo? above & "u gr\nd4 ,9 a *ur*y>d at ,prittlewell1 ,essex1 ,engl&1 a r :imsical treatm5t ( ! same idea is (f]$ by "s v]ses engrav$ on ! /one m>k+ ! graves ( two wives ( a c]ta9 ,freeborne1 ! fir/ ( :om di$ 9 #afda & ! second 9 #afeh4 ,! b]eav$ husb& seems to h be5 p]fectly will+ to await ! ,day ( ,judgm5t = ! return ( 8 lo/ sp\ses3#djg ,"u ?is /one two preci\s gems d ly ,equall 9 weight1 wor?1 lu/re1 sanctity3 ,yet p]haps "o ( !m d excell2 ,:i* 0't :o kn[s8 ask him yt knew yem well ,by long enjoym5t4 ,if he ?us be pre/1 ,he'el pause1 !n answ]e3 truly bo? 7 be/3 ,7't 9 my *oice t ei!r ( ye twa9 ,might be return$ to me to enjoy agayne1 ,:i* %\ld ,i *use8 ,well1 s9ce ,i "k n :e!r2 ,ile m\rne = ! losse ( bo?1 b wi% = nei!r1 ,yet "h's my com=t1 h]e9 lyes my hope1 ,! tyme a come+e cab9ets %all ope ,:i* are lockt fa/3 !n %all ,i see ,my ,jewells to my joy1 my ,jewells mee4 ,! ,*ri/ian symbolism ( colors has 9 _m cases det]m9$ ! use ( c]ta9 color$ gems = religi\s ornam5ts1 & !re=e ! foll[+ summ>y ( _! pr9cipal significance is ( int]e/ "h3#djh ,,:ite is reg>d$ z ! fir/ ( ! canonical colors1 & z emblematic ( purity1 innoc5ce1 virg9ity1 fai?1 life1 & light4 ,= ?is reason x is us$ 9 ! c]emonies ( ,ea/] & ,*ri/mas1 z 9 ^? ( ! ,circumcision & ,epiphany ( ,our ,"l4 ,z ! color ( virg9ity x is especially appropriate = ! fe/ival ( ! ,virg9 ,m>y1 & z t ( fai? n seal$ ) blood1 = ! fe/ivals ( ! sa9ts :o 7 n m>tyr$4 ,! heav5ly ho/ ( angels & sa9ts we> :ite robes1 & 9 pictures ( ! ,assumption ( ! ,virg9 %e is frequ5tly clad 9 :ite4 ,,r$ is us$ at ! fea/s ( ! ,exaltation & ,inv5tion ( ! ,cross1 at ,p5teco/1 & at ! ,fea/ ( ,m>tyrs4 ,x sugge/s & symbolizes suff]+ & m>tyrdom = ! fai?1 & ! supreme sacrifice ( ,*ri/ ^u ! ,cross4 ,div9e love & maje/y are also typifi$ by ?is color4 ,,blue is an emblem ( ! cele/ial regions & ( ! cele/ial virtues4 ,nev]!less1 z ?is is n "o ( ! five canonical colors1 x is n employ$ = ! decoration ( *ur*es or = ecclesia/ical ve/m5ts4 ,9 ,*ri/ian art1 h[ev]1 ! ,virg9 & ! sa9ts & angels are (t5 rob$ 9 blue4 ,,yell[ ( a gold5 hue is emblematic ( ,god's goodness & ( fai? & good works1 b x is n a canonical color4 ,a dull yell[1 h[ev]1 has ! opposite signification1 & is a type ( trea*]y & envy4 ,h5ce ,judas is g>b$ 9 yell[ ( a dull hue1 & h]etics wore g>m5ts ( ?is %ade :5 !y 7 condemn$ to ! /ake4 ,,gre5 is ! canonical color = use on ,sundays1 week-days1 & ord9>y fe/ivals4 ,hope & joy & ! bright promises ( y\? are signifi$ by gre54 ,,violet1 ano!r canonical color1 is appropriate = use on ,septuagesima & ,qu9quagesima ,sundays1 dur+ ,l5t1 & on ,adv5t ,sunday4 ,! *a/5+ & purify+ effects ( suff]+ f9d expression 9 ?is color4 ,,black1 also a canonical color1 is a symbol ( dea? & ( ! m\rn+ & sorr[ inspir$ by dea?4 ,!re=e x is only us$ 9 ! ,*ur* on ,good ,friday1 to symbolize ! sorr[ & despair ( ! ,*ri/ian community at ! dea? ( ,*ri/1 a sorr[ soon to be turn$ to joy by ,8 glori\s resurrection4 ,illu/ration3 ,,frontispiece ,,( ,,! 8,,ve/itus ,,sac]dotum ,,hebr,,orum10 ,,( ,,johann ,,braun1 ,,am/]dam1 #afhj4 ,! vignettes at ! top illu/rate ! s\rce ( ! mat]ials ( ! ve/m5ts1 etc42 z ! nopal1 s\rce ( ! co*9eal insect2 gold-?read2 l952 a %eep = wool2 ,tyre & ! purple murex4 ,! o!r vignettes %[ sep>ate p>ts ( ! high-prie/'s attires & 9 ! c5tre appe> two figures ( ! high-prie/1 ea* g>b$ 9 diff]5t sets ( ve/m5ts4 ,,viii ,on ! ,high-,prie/'s ,brea/plate ,v e>ly1 & v naturally1 ! religi\s nature ( man l$ to ! use ( preci\s /ones 9 connection ) wor%ip--! mo/ valuable & elegant objects be+ *os5 = sacr$ purposes4 ,( ?is mode ( ?\ght1 we h a /rik+ in/ance 9 ! acc\nts giv51 9 ! book ( ,exodus1 ( ! brea/plate ( ! ,high-prie/1 & ! gems contribut$ = ! tab]nacle by ! ,israelites 9 ! wild]ness4 ,ano!r religi\s association ( su* objects is _! use to symbolize ideas ( ! ,div9e glory1 z illu/rat$ 9 ! visions ( ! prophet ,ezekiel & 9 ! description ( ! ,new ,j]usalem 9 ! book ( ,revelation4 ,ap>t f su* legitimate uses1 h[ev]1 gems h become associat$ ) all mann] ( religi\s fancies & sup]/itions1 traces ( :i* appe> 9 ! ,talmud1 ! ,koran1 & simil> writ+s2 !y h also be5 d$icat$ to v>i\s hea!n deities4 ,ev5 9 mod]n times1 "s trace ( ! same ideas rema9s 9 ! ecclesia/ical jewelry & its suppos$ symbolism4 ,9 ! vision ( ,ezekiel i1 #bf1 & 9 a brief allusion to ! simil> appe>ance ( ! ,god ( ,israel 9 ,exodus xxiv1 ! ?rone ( ,jehovah1 or ! pavem5t b5ea? 8 feet1 is comp>$ to a sapphire1 & ! ,apo/le ,john1 9 ! ,apocalypse1 describes ! ,great ,:ite ,?rone z surr\nd$ by a ra9b[ l an em]ald4 ,! ,rabb9ical writ+s1 in/ead ( ! simple gr&eur ( ^! biblical comp>isons1 give u _m fanciful ideas4 ,! /ones ( ! brea/plate are "h repres5t$ z sacr$ to twelve mighty angels :o gu>d ! gates ( ,p>adise1 & wondr\s tales are told ( ! lum9\s gems 9 ! t5t ( ,abraham & ! ark ( ,noah4 ,mohamm$an leg5d repres5ts ! diff]5t heav5s z compos$ ( diff]5t preci\s /ones1 & 9 ! ,middle ,ages ^! religi\s ideas became int]wov5 ) a ho/ ( a/rological1 al*emi/ic1 & m$ical sup]/itions4 ,! foll[+ is ! description ( ! brea/plate giv5 9 ,exodus 7xxviii1 #ae-cj73 ,& ?\ %alt make ! brea/plate ( judgm5t ) cunn+ "w2 aft] ! "w ( ! ephod ?\ %alt make x2 ( gold1 ( blue1 & ( purple1 & ( sc>let1 & ( f9e tw9$ l95 %alt ?\ make x4 ,f\rsqu>e x %all be be+ d\bl$2 a span %all be ! l5g? !re(1 & a span %all be ! bread? !re(4 ,& ?\ %alt set 9 x sett+s ( /ones1 ev5 f\r r[s ( /ones3 ! fir/ r[ %all be a s>dius1 a topaz1 & a c>buncle3 ?is %all be ! fir/ r[4 ,& ! second r[ %all be an em]ald1 a sapphire1 & a diamond4 ,& ! ?ird r[ a ligure1 an agate1 & an ame?y/4 ,& ! f\r? r[ a b]yl1 & an onyx1 & a jasp]2 !y %all be set 9 gold 9 _! enclos+s4 ,& ! /ones %all be ) ! names ( ! *ildr5 ( ,israel1 twelve1 accord+ to _! names1 l ! engrav+s ( a signet2 e "o ) 8 "n %all !y be accord+ to ! twelve tribes4 ,& ?\ %alt make ^u ! brea/plate *a9s at ! ends ( wrea!n "w ( pure gold4 ,& ?\ %alt make ^u ! brea/plate two r+s ( gold1 & %alt put ! two r+s on ! two ends ( ! brea/plate4 ,& ?\ %alt put ! two wrea!n *a9s ( gold 9 ! two r+s :i* are on ! ends ( ! brea/plate4 ,& ! o!r two ends ( ! two wrea!n *a9s ?\ %alt fa/5 9 ! two ou*es1 & put !m on ! %\ld]-pieces ( ! ephod be=e x4 ,& ?\ %alt make two r+s ( gold1 & ?\ %alt put !m ^u ! two ends ( ! brea/plate 9 ! bord] !re(1 :i* is 9 ! side ( ! ephod inw>d4 ,& two o!r r+s ( gold ?\ %alt make1 & %alt put !m on ! two sides ( ! ephod und]nea?1 t[>d ! =ep>t !re(1 ov] aga9/ ! o!r c\pl+ !re(1 above ! curi\s girdle ( ! ephod4 ,& !y %all b9d ! brea/plate by ! r+s !re( unto ! r+s ( ! ephod ) a lace ( blue1 t x may be above ! curi\s girdle ( ! ephod1 & t ! brea/plate be n loos$ f ! ephod4 ,& ,a>on %all be> ! names ( ! *ildr5 ( ,israel 9 ! brea/plate ( judgm5t ^u 8 he>t1 :5 he goe? 9 unto ! holy place1 = a memorial be=e ! ,"l cont9ually4 ,& ?\ %alt put 9 ! brea/plate ( ,judgm5t ! ,urim & ! ,?ummim2 & !y %all be ^u ,a>on's he>t1 :5 he goe? 9 be=e ! ,"l3 & ,a>on %all be> ! judgm5t ( ! *ildr5 ( ,israel ^u 8 he>t be=e ! ,"l cont9ually4 ,( ! miracul\s quality ( ! /ones worn by ! high-prie/1 ! ,jewi% hi/orian ,josephus 7#cg-ie ,a4,d47 says3#dji ,f ! /ones :i* ! high-prie/ wore 7^! 7 s>donyxes1 & ,i hold x sup]flu\s to describe _! nature1 s9ce x is kn[n to all71 !re emanat$ a light1 z (t5 z ,god 0 pres5t at ! sacrifices2 t :i* 0 worn on ! "r %\ld] in/ead ( a clasp emitt+ a radiance suffici5t to give light ev5 to ^? f> away1 al?\gh ! /one previ\sly lack$ ?is spl5dor4 ,& c]ta9ly ?is 9 itself m]its ! wond] ( all ^? :o d n1 out ( contempt = religion1 all[ !mselves to be l$ away by a pret5ce ( wisdom4 ,h[ev]1 ,i am ab\t to relate some?+ /ill m wond]ful1 namely1 t ,god ann\nc$ victory 9 battle by means ( ! twelve /ones worn by ! high-prie/ on 8 brea/1 set 9 ! pectoral4 ,= su* a spl5dor %one f !m :5 ! army 0 n yet 9 motion1 t all ! p knew t ,god himself 0 pres5t to aid !m4 ,= ?is reason ! ,greeks :o rev]5ce our solemnities1 s9ce !y c\ld n d5y ?is1 call$ ! pectoral or oracle4 ,h[ev]1 ! pectoral & ! onyxes ceas$ to emit ?is radiance two hundr$ ye>s be=e ! "t :5 ,i write ?is1 because ,god 0 displeas$ at ! transgressions ( ! ,law4 ,?is writ]1 :o mu/ h se5 ! high-prie/ we>+ 8 elaborate ve/m5ts1 says t ! brea/plate 0 adorn$ 8) twelve /ones ( exceptional size & beauty1 a decoration n easily to be acquir$1 on acc\nt ( its enorm\s value40#daj ,h[ev] ^! gems 7 n m]ely r>e & co/ly2 !y also possess$ wond]ful & miracul\s p[]s4 ,writ+ ab\t #djj ,a4,d41 ,/4 ,epiphanius1 ,bi%op ( ,con/antia1 tells ( a m>vell\s adamas :i* 0 worn on ! brea/ ( ! high-prie/1 :o %[$ himself to ! p1 array$ 9 all 8 gorge\s ve/m5ts1 at ! fea/s ( ,pas*a1 ,p5teco/1 & ,tab]nacles4 ,?is adamas 0 t]m$ ! or 8,decl>ation10 because1 by its appe>ance1 x ann\nc$ to ! p ! fate t ,god _h 9 /ore = !m4 ,if ! p 7 s9ful & disob$i5t1 ! /one assum$ a dusky hue1 :i* port5d$ dea? by disease1 or else x became ! color ( blood1 signify+ t ! p w\ld be sla9 by ! sword4 ,if1 h[ev]1 ! /one %one l ! driv5 sn[1 !n ! p recogniz$ t !y _h n s9n$1 & ha/5$ to celebrate ! fe/ival4#daa ,!re seems to be little d\bt t ?is acc\nt is no?+ m ?an an elaboration & modification ( ! passage 9 ,josephus4 ,evid5tly ! 7oracle7 ( ,josephus has become ! 7decl>ation74 ,:5 ,moses wi%$ to engrave on ! /ones ( ! brea/plate ! names ( ! twelve tribes ( ,israel1 he is said to h _h rec\rse to ! miracul\s %amir4 ,! names 7 fir/ trac$ 9 ink on ! /ones1 & ! %amir 0 !n pass$ ov] !m1 ! result be+ t ! trac$ inscriptions became grav5 on ! /ones4 ,9 pro( ( ! magical "* ( ?is op]ation1 no p>ticles ( ! gems 7 remov$ 9 ! process4#dab ,! "n really designates 8em]y40 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,hebrew ,,high-,,prie/ ,,attir$ ,,) ,,8 ,,ve/m5ts4 7,f ,johann ,braun's 8,ve/itus ,sac]dotum ,hebrorum10 ,am/]dam1 #afhj1 opp4 p4 #hbb47 ,an argum5t aga9/ ! use ( especially r>e & co/ly /ones 9 ! decoration ( ! brea/plate has be5 f\nd 9 its probable size4#dac ,we are told t :5 fold$ x measur$ a span 9 ea* direction1 & ?is w\ld indicate t its l5g? & bread? 7 ea* f eight to n9e in*es4 ,9 ?is case ! /ones !mselves might h measur$ two by two & a half in*es1 &1 9 view ( ! numb] ( *>act]s requir$ to express "s ( ! tribal names1 ^! dim5sions d n seem excessive4 ,x is highly improbable t 9 ! "t ( ,moses preci\s /ones l ! ruby1 ! em]ald1 or ! sapphire w\ld h be5 available 9 ^! dim5sions4 ,! difficulty ( engrav+ v h>d /ones ) ! appliances at ! comm& ( ! ,hebrews ( ?is p]iod mu/ also be tak5 into consid]ation4 ,z we %all see1 h[ev]1 !re is good reason to believe t aft] ! ,babylonian ,captivity a new brea/plate 0 made1 & at t "t x may h be5 easi] to secure & "w preci\s /ones ( great value & a high degree ( h>dness4 ,we mu/ also be> 9 m9d t 9 ^? p]iods p]fection 0 n s great a requisite z ri* color4 ,illu/ration3 ,i1 ,,ii1 ,,! ,,brea/plate ,,unfold$4 ,a1 l[] fold2 ,b1 ,b1 ,b1 ,b1 r+s = atta*m5t to ,ephod2 ,c1 ! twelve gems 9 _! sett+s2 ,d1 ,d1 hooks = atta*m5t to %\ld]2 ,e1 ,e1 b&s to pass ?r\gh r+s 9 ,ephod4 ,,iii4 ,,ephod ,,) ,,brea/plate ,,fold$ ,,& ,,atta*$4 ,g1 ,g1 r+s ?r\gh :i* pass b&s ( ,brea/plate2 ,h1 ,h1 b&s ( ,ephod4 ,f ,johann ,braun's 8,ve/itus ,sac]dotum ,hebrorum10 ,am/]dam1 #afhj4 ,9 8 comm5t>y on ,exodus xxviii1 ,cornelius ,lapide 7,cornelius ,van d5 ,/e57 discusses ! "q ( ! diamond 9 ! high-prie/'s brea/plate4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 he notes t ! diamond 0 v co/ly1 & t a l>ge /one w\ld h be5 ne$$ to be> ! "n ( ,judah or t ( any o!r tribe4 ,he consid]s t a /one ( ! requisite size w\ld h co/ a hundr$ ?\s& gold cr[ns1 & he asks1 8,:5ce c\ld ! poor ,hebrews h obta9$ su* a sum ( money1 & :]e c\ld !y h f\nd su* a diamond80 ,he proce$s to give /ill ano!r reason = d\bt+ t ! diamond 0 9 ! brea/plate1--namely1 t x w\ld h m>k$ too great a di/9ction betwe5 ! tribes1 ! result be+ t ! tribe to :i* ! diamond 0 assign$ w\ld h be5 puff$ up ) pride1 :ile ! o!rs w\ld h be5 fill$ ) hatr$ & envy1 8= ! diamond is ! ,que5 ,gem ( all ! gems40#dad ,! use ( ! brea/plate to reveal ! guilt ( an (f5d] is te/ifi$ to 9 a ,sam>itan v]sion ( ! book ( ,jo%ua1 :i* has be5 discov]$ by ,dr4 ,moses ,ga/]1 *ief rabbi ( ! ,spani% & ,portuguese ,jews 9 ,engl&4 ,accord+ to ?is v]sion1 ,a*an /eals a gold5 image f a hea!n temple 9 ,j]i*o4 ,! high-prie/'s brea/plate reveals 8 guilt1 = ! /ones lose _! light & gr[ dim :5 8 "n is pron\nc$4 ,_m conjectures h be5 made z to ! orig9 ( ! brea/plate ) ! my/ic ,urim & ,?ummim enclos$ )9 x4 ,t an ,egyptian orig9 %\ld be s\ght seems mo/ probable4 ,a brea/-ornam5t worn by ! high-prie/ ( ,memphis1 z figur$ 9 an ,egyptian relief1 consi/s ( twelve small balls1 or crosses1 int5d$ to repres5t ,egyptian hi]oglyphics4 ,z x _c be det]m9$ t ^! figures 7 cut f preci\s /ones1 ! only def9ite connection ) ! ,hebrew ornam5t is ! numb] ( ! figures2 ?is sugge/s1 b fails to prove1 a common orig94 ,! monum5ts %[ t ! high-prie/ ( ,memphis wore ?is ornam5t z e>ly z ! f\r? ,dyna/y1 or1 approximately1 #djjj ,b4,c4#dae ,( ! ,urim & ,?ummim1 ! my/]i\s oracle ( ! anci5t ,hebrews1 ,/4 ,augu/9e 7#ced-dej ,a4,d471 aft] ackn[l$g+ ! great difficulty ( int]pret+ ! mean+ ( ! words & ! "* ( ! oracle1 adds t "s believ$ ! words to signify a s+le /one :i* *ang$ color accord+ z ! answ] 0 favorable or unfavorable1 :ile ! prie/ 0 ent]+ ! sanctu>y2 /ill he ?\ght x possible t m]ely ! lett]s ( ! words ,urim & ,?umm9 7 inscrib$ ^u ! brea/plate4#daf ,aft] ! capture ( ,j]usalem by ,titus 9 #gj ,a4,d41 ! treasures ( ! temple 7 c>ri$ (f to ,rome1 & we le>n f ,josephus t ! brea/plate 0 deposit$ 9 ! ,temple ( ,concord1 :i* _h be5 erect$ by ,vespasian4 ,"h x is believ$ to h be5 at ! "t ( ! sack+ ( ,rome by ! ,v&als "u ,g5s]ic1 9 #dee1 al?\gh ,rev4 ,c4 ,w4 ,k+ ?9ks x is n improbable t ,al>ic1 k+ ( ! ,visigo?s1 :5 he sack$ ,rome 9 #daj ,a4,d41 might h secur$ ?is treasure4#dag ,h[ev]1 ! express /atem5t ( ,procopius t 8! vessels ( ! ,jews0 7 c>ri$ ?r\gh ! /reets ( ,con/ant9ople1 on ! occasion ( ! ,v&alic triumph ( ,belis>ius1 9 #ecd1 may be tak5 z a confirmation ( ! conjecture t ! ,v&als _h secur$ possession ( ! brea/plate & its jewels4#dah ,x mu/1 h[ev]1 be c>efully not$ t ,procopius n[h]e m5tions ! brea/plate & t x ne$ n h be5 includ$ among 8! vessels ( ! ,jews40 ,x appe>s t ?is "p ( ! spoils ( ,belis>ius 0 plac$ by ,ju/9ian 7#dhc-efe7 9 ! sacri/y ( ! *ur* ( ,/4 ,sophia4 ,"s "t lat]1 ! emp]or is said to h he>d ( ! say+ ( a c]ta9 ,jew to ! effect t1 until ! treasures ( ! ,temple 7 re/or$ to ,j]usalem1 !y w\ld br+ mis=tune ^u any place :]e !y might be kept4#dai ,if ?is /ory be true1 ,ju/9ian may h felt t ! fate ( ,rome 0 a lesson = him1 & t ,con/ant9ople mu/ be sav$ f a l disa/]4 ,mov$ by su* consid]ations1 he is said to h s5t ! 8sacr$ vessels0 to ,j]usalem1 & !y 7 plac$ 9 ! ,*ur* ( ! ,holy ,sepul*re4 ,?is br+s u to ! la/ two ev5ts :i* c be ev5 plausibly connect$ ) ! my/ic twelve gems1--namely1 ! capture & sack ( ,j]usalem by ! ,sassanian ,p]sian k+1 ,khusrau ,,ii1 9 #fae1 & ! ov]?r[ ( ! ,sassanian ,empire by ! ,mohamm$an ,arabs1 & ! capture & sack ( ,ctesiphon1 9 #fcg4dbj ,if we admit t ,khusrau took ! sacr$ relics ( ! ,temple ) him to ,p]sia1 we may be reasonably sure t !y 7 includ$ among ! spoils secur$ by ! ,arab conqu]ors1 al?\gh ,k+1 :o has +5i\sly endeavor$ to trace out ! hi/ory ( ! brea/plate jewels aft] ! fall ( ,j]usalem 9 #gj ,a4,d41 believes t !y may be /ill 8buri$ 9 "s unkn[n treasure-*amb] ( "o ( ! old ,p]sian capitals40 ,a fact :i* has g5]ally be5 ov]look$ by ^? :o h emb>k$ on ! sea ( conjecture relative to ! fate ( ! brea/plate /ones is t a l>ge ,jewi% cont+5t1 numb]+ "s tw5ty-six ?\s& m51 =m$ "p ( ! =ce ) :i* ! ,sassanian ,p]sians captur$ ,j]usalem1 & !y might well lay claim to any ,jewi% vessels or jewels t may h be5 secur$ by ! conqu]ors4 ,9 ?is case1 h[ev]1 x is /ill probable t ^! preci\s objects fell into ! h&s ( ! ,mohamm$ans :o captur$ ,j]usalem 9 ! same ye> 9 :i* !y took ,ctesiphon4 ,"o circum/ance :i* may h contribut$ to ! pres]vation ( ^! gems 9 _! orig9al =m aft] !y fell into ! h&s ( ! ,romans is ! fact t ea* "o 0 engrav$ ) ! "n ( "o ( ! ,jewi% tribes1 ! inscription be+ probably 9 ! old] =m ( ,hebrew writ+1 :i* 0 us$ 9 ! co9age ev5 z late z ! la/ revolt 9 #acg ,a4,d4 ,h5ce1 recutt+ w\ld h be5 necess>y to fit !m = use z ornam5ts1 a process n easily accompli%$1 & involv+ a great loss ( size4 ,we mu/ also be> 9 m9d t ! intr9sic value ( ! gems may n h be5 s great z _m suppose1 s9ce all ( !m 7 probably ( ! less p]fect =ms ( ! preci\s & semi-preci\s v>ieties4 ,x is v likely t ! en?usia/ic /atem5ts ( ,josephus 9 ?is connection 7 dictat$ by national pride1 or arose f ! t5d5cy to exagg]ation s common among ! ,ori5tal writ]s4 ,c]ta9ly1 if ! brea/plate kn[n to ,josephus 0 made n long aft] ! return ( ! ,jews f ! ,babylonian ,captivity1 _! f9ancial res\rces at ! "t ( its fabrication 7 q re/rict$4 ,admitt+ z a possibility t ! ,arabs may h secur$ possession ( ! brea/plate1 h[ w\ld !y h reg>d$ x8 ,! h]oes ( ! ,old ,te/am5t1 & especially ,moses1 7 su* sacr$ p]sonalities 9 ! eyes ( ,mohamm$ans t ?is relic w\ld h be5 z preci\s = !m z = u4 ,h[ev]1 ! victori\s ,arabs :o ov]ran ! ,sassanian ,empire1 al?\gh fill$ ) religi\s zeal1 7 no /ud5ts ( ar*ology1 & w\ld h be5 q unable to deciph] ! /range *>act]s engrav$ on ! /ones4 ,!y w\ld mo/ probably h suppos$ !m to be ,p]sian *>act]s1 & w\ld1 !re=e1 h valu$ ^! /ones no high] ?an o!rs 9 ! ,p]sian treasure4 ,?is c s]ve z an explanation ( ! fact t no allusion to ! brea/plate ) its adornm5t c be f\nd 9 ! works ( ^? ,mohamm$an writ]s1 su* z ,tab>i1 :o treat ( ! ov]?r[ ( ! ,sassanian ,empire4 ,we may be sure t ! ,p]sians !mselves w\ld h accord$ no special honor to objects connect$ ) ! ,hebrew religion1 s9ce _! own ,zoroa/rian fai? _h no connection ) x4 ,9 #fbh1 n long be=e ! date ( ! ,arab invasion1 ! mo/ preci\s relic ( ,*ri/5dom1 ! cross discov]$ by ,hel5a1 "m ( ,con/ant9e ! ,great1 & believ$ to be ! v cross on :i* ,*ri/ di$1 0 surr5d]$ to ! ,greek ,emp]or ,h]aclius by ,kobad ,,ii1 son ( ,khusrau ,,ii1 on ! conclusion ( a treaty ( peace betwe5 ! ,ea/]n & ,sassanian ,empires4 ,?is cross 0 "o ( ! sacr$ objects borne away to ,p]sia f ,j]usalem by ,khusrau 9 #fae ,a4,d4 ,x is said to h be5 gu>d$ c>efully ?r\gh ! influ5ce ( ,sira1 ,khusrau's ,*ri/ian wife4 ,!re is a b>e possibility t o!r objects ( religi\s v5]ation1 tak5 f ,j]usalem1 may h be5 giv5 up by ! ,p]sians at ! same "t1 & t ! unique "* ( ! mo/ important relic s ov]%ad[$ all o!rs t hi/orians h fail$ to note ! fact4 ,! cross 0 re/or$ to ,j]usalem by ,h]aclius 9 #fbi1 only to fall into ! h&s ( ! ,mohamm$ans :5 t city 0 tak5 by ! ,arabs "u ,om>1 9 #fcg4 ,h5ce1 if ! jewell$ brea/plate _h also be5 surr5d]$ by ,kobad1 x w\ld probably h %>$ ! same fate4 ,illu/ration3 ,,silv] ,,cross ,,) ,,qu>tz ,,cat',s ,,eye4 ,russian1 sixte5? c5tury4 ,collection ( ,mrs4 ,h5ry ,drap]4 ,illu/ration3 ,,specim5s ,,( ,,*ia/olite 7,,lapis ,,crucif]74 7,see page #bga47 ,f ! 8,metallo!ca ,vaticana0 ( ,m]catus1 ,rome1 #agai1 p4 #bch4 ,9 ! au?or's libr>y4 ,we h "h a wide field = conjecture1--b1 un=tunately1 no?+ m4 ,/ill1 9 ! abs5ce ( any def9ite & tru/wor?y in=mation1 !re is a k9d ( romantic int]e/ 9 view+ ! v>i\s possible relations ( ! my/]y surr\nd+ ! fate ( ! mo/ preci\s gems1 hi/orically at lea/1 t h ev] exi/$4 ,m especially is ?is int]e/ ju/ifi$ 9 ! case ( all :o are dispos$ to prize gems & jewels = _! symbolic significance1 =1 z we h %[n1 ?is significance1 z f> z conc]ns natal /ones & ! spiritual int]pretation ( ! qualities ( ! he>t & s\l symboliz$ by ! color & "* ( ! pr9cipal preci\s & semi-preci\s /ones1 has its root 9 ! v5]ation felt by e>ly ,*ri/ian writ]s1 beg9n+ ) ! au?or ( ! ,apocalypse1 = ! un=gott5 & un=gettable gems t 7 worn by ! ,hebrew high-prie/4 ,a r +5i\s utilization ( ! reput$ p[]s ( ,a>on's brea/plate comes to u 9 a book pr9t$ 9 ,portl&1 ,ma9e4#dba ,! writ] assumes t ! ,urim & ,?ummim enclos$ 9 ! folds ( ! brea/plate consi/$ ( twelve /ones1 duplicates ( ^? engrav$ ) ! names ( ! tribes1 & s dispos$ t1 :5 !y 7 %ak5 to & fro & !n all[$ to come to re/1 ?ree ( !m w\ld become visible ?r\gh an ap]ture 9 ! ephod j b5ea? ! r[s ( set /ones4 ,! signification ( ! oracle is giv5 by ! v>i\s comb9ations ( color (f]$ by ! ?ree /ones t reveal !mselves2 to ea* comb9ation a pre>rang$ mean+ is giv54 ,t any?+ ( ! k9d c\ld h be5 true ( ! orig9al ,urim & ,?ummim is sc>cely wor?y ! tr\ble ( refutation1 b ! practical result ( ?is mod]n exp]im5t is a clev] oracle :i* w probably enjoy a c]ta9 vogue4 ,= ^? :o1 ) ! late lam5t$ ,lieut5ant ,tott51 see 9 ! tribes ( ,manasseh & ,ephraim ! ,anglo-,saxons ( ,engl& & ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 & :o look ^u ,george ,v z ! k+ :o sits ^u ! ?rone ( ,david1 ^! symbolical /ones ( ! brea/plate acquire an add$ significance4 ,:ile n pret5d+ to be able to foll[ all ! intricate & c]ta9ly mo/ +5i\s & int]e/+ speculations ( ?is s*ool ( ,biblical exegesis1 we _c help express+ "s a/oni%m5t t ,ephraim %\ld be ?\ght to prefigure ,engl& & ,manasseh ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 in/ead ( vice v]sa4 ,9 ,g54 xlviii1 #ag-bj1 ! text m especially ref]r$ to 9 ^! speculations1 ,jacob's bless+ is be/[$ ^u ,ephraim1 9 spite ( ,joseph's prote/ t x %\ld g to ! elde/ son1 ,manasseh4 ,to ?is prote/ ,jacob answ]s3 8,i "k x1 my son1 ,i "k x3 he also ,manasseh %all become a p1 & he also %all be great3 b truly 8 y\ng] bro!r %all be great] ?an he1 & 8 se$ %all become a multitude ( nations40 ,c]ta9ly ! v composite population ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates p]fectly m]its ?is description4 ,z a g5]al rule1 ! ,hebrews1 :5 us+ ! names ,ephraim & ,manasseh z tribal designations1 ma9ta9$ ! twelve-fold division ( ! p1 by sub/itut+ ^! tribes = ,joseph & by dropp+ ! "n ( ,levi f ! li/1 ! tribe ( ,levi be+ assign$ z prie/s to ! c>e ( ! sanctu>y1 & n p>ticipat+ 9 ! division ( ! ,l& ( ,promise4 ,9 ! ,midra% ,bemidb>1 ! ,rabb9ical comm5t>y on ,numb]s1 ! tribes are giv5 9 _! ord]1 ) ! /one appropriate to ea* & ! color ( ! tribal /&>d pit*$ 9 ! des]t camp1 ?is color correspond+ 9 ea*1 case ) t ( ! tribal /one4 ,?is li/ repres5ts a tradition dat+ back to at lea/ ! twelf? c5tury & possibly mu* e>li] ?an t2 h5ce its value %\ld n be und]e/imat$1 al?\gh we may n accept x )\t "s res]ves4#dbb ,odem ,reub5 ,r$ ,pitdah ,simeon ,gre5 ,b>eke? ,levi ,:ite1 black & r$ ,jophek ,judah ,sky-blue ,sappir ,issa*> ,black 7l /ibium7 ,yahalom ,zebulun ,:ite ,le%em ,dan ,sapphire-color ,%ebo ,gad ,gray ,ahlamah ,naphtali ,w9e-color ,t>%i% ,as%] ,pe>l-color 787 ,%oham ,joseph ,v black ,ya%pheh ,b5jam9 ,colors ( all ! /ones ,9 ! attempt to det]m9e ! id5tity ( ! /ones enum]at$ 9 ,exodus xxviii & xxxix1 z adorn+ ! brea/plate ( ! high-prie/1 we mu/ be> 9 m9d t ?is 8brea/plate ( ,a>on0 & ! "o describ$ by ,josephus1 & br\ght by ,titus to ,rome aft] ! capture ( ,j]usalem 9 #gj ,a4,d41 are 9 all probability entirely di/9ct objects4 ,! =m]1 if x ev] exi/$1 except 9 ! ideal _w ( ! au?ors ( ! ,prie/ly ,codex1 mu/ h be5 compos$ ( ! /ones kn[n to & us$ by ! ,egyptians ( ! ?irte5? or f\rte5? c5tury1 ,b4,c41 "s ( !m be+1 p]haps1 set 9 ! 8jewels ( gold & jewels ( silv]0 borr[$ by ! ,israelites f ! ,egyptians j be=e ! ,exodus2 on ! o!r h&1 ! mo/ tru/wor?y indications reg>d+ ! /ones ( ! brea/plate ( ! ,second ,temple1 made p]haps 9 ! fif? c5tury ,b4,c41 %\ld be s\ght 9 ! e>ly ,greek & ,lat9 v]sions ( ! ,old ,te/am5t1 & 9 ! treatise on preci\s /ones by ,!ophra/us1 :o wrote ab\t #cjj ,b4,c4 ,! ,natural ,hi/ory ( ,pl9y1 t great /oreh\se ( anci5t k1 & o!r e>ly writ]s1 may also be us$ ) pr(it4 ,illu/ration3 ,,title ,,page ,,( ,,! ,,edition ,,( ,,m>bodus ,,on ,,preci\s ,,/ones1 ,,publi%$ ,,9 ,,cologne1 #aeci4 ,%[s ! figure ( ! ,high-prie/ & ! names & tribal attributions ( twelve /ones ( ! ,brea/plate4 ,i4 ,odem4 4 ,! etymology ( ?is ^w cle>ly indicates t we h to d ) a r$ /one1 mo/ probably ! c>nelian4 ,we "k t 9 anci5t ,egypt hi]oglyphic texts f ! ,book ( ! ,dead 7 engrav$ ^u amulets made f ?is /one1 & x 0 also us$ = e>ly ,babylonian cyl9d]s4 ,f9e specim5s ( c>nelian 7 obta9$ f ,arabia4 ,! ,greek ,septuag9t & ! ,lat9 ,vulgate1 z well z ,josephus1 9 ! 8,w>s ( ! ,jews0 7,v1 #e1 #g71 & ,epiphanius1 all translate s>dius1 ! anci5t designation ( c>nelian2 9 8 8,antiquities10 h[ev]1 ,josephus r5d]s odem by 8s>donyx40 ,! ,egyptian ^w *5em 0 us$ to designate r$ /ones1 & seems to h be5 appli$ indiff]5tly to r$ jasp] & r$ feldsp> z well z to c>nelian2 inde$1 ! fir/-nam$ mat]ial 0 m freely us$ 9 e>ly ,egyptian "w ?an ! c>nelian4 ,x is1 !re=e1 probable t 9 ,mosaic times odem signifi$ r$ jasp]1 :ile = ! fif? c5tury ,b4,c4 8c>nelian0 w\ld be ! bett] r5d]+4 ,?is mod]n "n ( ! s>dius1 signify+ ! 8fle%-color$0 /one1 fir/ appe>s 9 ! ,lat9 translation ( a treatise by ,luca b5 ,co/a1 :o wrote 9 ! t5? c5tury ,a4,d4 ,! "n ( ,reub5 is said to h be5 engrav$ on ! odem /one1 :i* occupi$ ! fir/ place on ! brea/plate4 ,,ii4 ,pidah4 4 ,!re seems to be little d\bt t ?is is ! topazius ( anci5t writ]s1 :i* usually signifi$ our *rysolite1 or p]idot1 n our topaz2 = ,pl9y & 8 successors describe ! topazius z a /one ( a gre5i% hue4 ,a leg5d relat$ by ,pl9y gives z ! place ( orig9 an isl& 9 ! ,r$ ,sea1 call$ ,topazos1 f topaze91 8to conjecture10 because x 0 difficult to f9d4 ,h[ev]1 ! ,hebrew pidah appe>s to h be5 d]iv$ f ! ,sanskrit pia1 8yell[10 & %\ld1 !re=e1 h orig9ally signifi$ a yell[ /one1 p]haps our topaz4 ,w4 ,m4 ,fl9d]s ,petrie1 probably influ5c$ by ?is ,sanskrit etymology1 sees 9 x ! yell[ s]p5t9e us$ 9 anci5t ,egypt4 ,if1 nev]!less1 we admit t a light gre5 /one occupi$ ! second place on ! ,mosaic brea/plate1 x 0 p]haps ! light gre5 s]p5t9e4 ,?is 0 call$ meh 9 ,egyptian1 & 0 (t5 us$ = amulets4 ,9 ! case ( ! lat] brea/plate we may sub/itute ! p]idot4 ,on ?is second /one 0 engrav$ ! "n ,simeon4 ,,iii4 ,b>eke?4 4 ,"h ! ,septuag9t1 ,josephus1 & ! ,vulgate agree 9 translat+ sm>agdus1 & z we "k t em]ald m9es 7 work$ at ,m\nt ,zab>ah1 9 ,nubia1 be=e ! beg9n+ ( our era1 & t ! em]ald 0 kn[n & us$ 9 ,egypt1 !re does n seem to be any reason = reject+ ! usual translation 8em]ald40 ,/ill x mu/ be admitt$ t sm>agdus (t5 designates o!r gre5 /ones ?an ! em]ald4 ,! sugge/ion has be5 made 7by ,my]s & ,petrie7 t ! passage 9 ,revelation iv1 #c1 :]e ! ra9b[ is lik5$ to ! sm>agdus1 indicates t ! writ] us$ ?is "n = rock-cry/al2 b ?is conjecture is sc>cely satisfactory1 s9ce x confuses ! prismatic effects ( light :i* has trav]s$ ! cry/al ) ! cry/al itself4 ,!re c be little d\bt t a /one ( brilliant coloration1 l ! em]ald1 n a colorless "o1 l rock-cry/al1 w\ld be us$ z a simile ( ! ra9b[4 ,:e!r ! ,mosaic brea/plate already conta9$ ! em]ald is ano!r "q1 & x seems r m likely t gre5 feldsp>1 freely us$ 9 anci5t ,egypt = amulets1 & kn[n z uat1 0 ! ?ird /one ( ! proto-brea/plate4 ,! ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion makes 8! c>buncle0 ! ?ird in/ead ( ! f\r? /one4 ,^u ! b]eke? 0 engrav$ ! "n ,levi4 ,,iv4 ,nophek4 4 ,?is "n is r5d]$ by ! ,septuag9t & ,josephus1 & 8c>bunculus0 by ! ,vulgate4 ,?is designation1 signify+ lit]ally 8a gl[+ coal10 0 us$ = c]ta9 /ones di/+ui%$ by _! peculi>ly brilliant r$ color1 su* z ! ruby & c]ta9 f9e g>nets4 ,:ile x is q possible t ! ,ori5tal ruby may h be5 9 ! brea/plate se5 by ,josephus1 x is almo/ c]ta9 t x c\ld n h be5 9 ! orig9al brea/plate ( ,mosaic times1 s9ce !re is absolutely no pro( t ?is /one 0 kn[n 9 anci5t ,egypt4 ,h5ce we are incl9$ to believe t 9 ! ?irte5? c5tury ,b4,c4 ! "n nophek designat$ ! alm&9e g>net1 or "s simil> v>iety ( t /one4 ,! ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion has 8em]ald0 "h in/ead ( 9 ! ?ird place4 ,on ?is f\r? /one ( ! brea/plate 0 engrav$ ! tribal "n ( ,judah4 ,illu/ration3 ,,cross1 ,,atta*$ ,,z ,,p5dant ,,to ,,! ,,cr[n ,,( ,,! ,,go?ic ,,k+ ,,reccesv9?us 7#fdi-fgb ,a4,d474 ,=m+ "p ( ! treasure discov]$ 9 #aheh at ,gu>raz> 9 ,spa94 ,n[ 9 ,muse de ,cluny1 ,p>is4 ,! cross prop] is set ) f9e sapphires cut en cabo*on & eight l>ge pe>ls4 ,natural size4 ,v4 ,sappir4 ,?is is r5d]$ sapphirus 9 all ! old v]sions4#dbc ,! /one _c h be5 our sapphire1 = bo? ,!ophra/us & ,pl9y describe ! sapphirus z a /one ) gold5 spots1 ?us %[+ t !y meant ! lapis-lazuli1 :i* is (t5 spott$ ) p>ticles ( pyrites hav+ a gold5 %e54 ,?is /one 0 nam$ *esbet by ! ,egyptians1 & 0 highly priz$ by !m1 a quantity ( lapis-lazuli (t5 appe>+ z an important item 9 ! li/s ( tribute paid to ,egypt & among ! gifts s5t by ,babylonia to ! ,egyptian mon>*s1 & obta9$ f ! olde/ m9es 9 ! _w4 ,^! 7 work$ at a p]iod #djjj ,b4,c4 & /ill are work$ to ?is day4 ,f ?is mat]ial amulets & figures 7 made1 _m ( :i* h be5 pres]v$ = u1 & ! ,egyptian high-prie/ is said to h worn1 susp5d$ f 8 neck1 an image ( ,mat1 ! ,goddess ( ,tru?1 made ( lapis-lazuli4 ,! "n is compos$ ( ! ,lat9 lapis1 8a /one10 & lajuw>d1 ! "n ( ! /one 9 ,p]sian4 ,f ?is latt] ^w is also d]iv$ our 8azure40 ,9 anci5t times ! lapis-lazuli 0 ! blue /one p> excell5ce1 because ( its beautiful color & ! valuable ultram>9e dye d]iv$ f x4 ,al?\gh ,pl9y writes 7xxxvii1 #ci7 t ?is /one 0 too s(t = engrav+1 ?is fact ne$ n h prev5t$ its use 9 ! brea/plate1 s9ce ! /ones set !re9 7 n int5d$ = use z seals & h5ce 7 n subject$ to any we>4 ,9 ?is connection1 h[ev]1 x is some:at /range t ! ,hebrew ^w sappir appe>s to indicate a /one especially adapt$ to receive inscriptions4 ,! fact t ! lapis-lazuli 0 greatly e/eem$ 9 anci5t ,egypt1 & 0 /ill mu* us$ z an ornam5tal /one 9 ,greek & ,roman times1 r5d]s x probable t x 0 set n only 9 ! orig9al brea/plate1 b also 9 t ( a lat] age4 ,^u ?is fif? /one ! "n ,issa*> 0 inscrib$4 ,,vi4 ,yahalom4 ,! six? /one ( ! ,septuag9t v]sion & ( ,josephus is ! 1 probably gre5 jasp]1 or jade1 & ?is has be5 assum$ to %[ t 9 ! orig9al ,hebrew text ya%pheh 0 ! six? /one1 9 place ( yahalom4 ,! twelf? /one ( ! ,greek v]sion is ! or 8onyx10 & ?is seems to be ! mo/ probable equival5t ( ! ,hebrew yahalom4 ,"s ,hebrew s\rces1 h[ev]1 r5d] x 8diamond10 & ,lu!r 9 8 ,g]man v]sion ( ! ,bible1 z well z our own ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion1 translates x ?us4 ,?is r5d]+ is bas$ ^u ! d]ivation ( ! ^w yahalom f a v]b mean+ 8to smite10 ?us mak+ ! "n ( ! /one signify 8! smit]10 a designation n inappropriate = ! diamond1 :i*1 because ( its extreme h>dness1 has ! p[] to cut1 or 8smite10 all o!r /ones4 ,h[ev]1 = ?is purpose ! em]y corundum1 or smiris-po9t %amir1 m5tion$ 9 ,ze*>iah1 0 mo/ likely us$4 ,! diamond 0 c]ta9ly n us$ 9 ?is way 9 v e>ly times1 al?\gh x is possible t ! /one 0 employ$ 9 engrav+ 9 ! fif? c5tury ,b4,c4 ,^! consid]ations induce u to pref] ! traditional int]pretation ( yahalom1 & translate x 8onyx40 ,9 ?is case 8! smit]0 c\ld be expla9$ z d5ot+ ! use ( ! engrav$ onyx = seal+1 z ! engrav$ figure or lett]s 7 /ruck ^u "s s(t mat]ial to make an impression4 ,zebulun 0 ! tribal "n inscrib$ on ! yahalom4 ,,vii4 ,le%em4 ,no /one 9 ! brea/plate is m difficult to det]m9e ?an ?is "o4 ,! ,septuag9t1 ,josephus1 & ! ,vulgate all translate ligurius1 an appellation sometimes appli$ to amb]1 a sub/ance q unfitt$ = use 9 ! brea/plate among ! o!r engrav$ /ones4 ,probably ! orig9al significance ( ligurius 0 amb]1 ?is "n be+ us$ because ,liguria1 9 nor!rn ,italy1 0 ! *ief s\rce ( supply = ,greece & ! ,ori5t2 amb] :i* _h be5 ga!r$ on ! %ores ( ! ,baltic be+ br\ght by trad]s to ,liguria & =w>d$ !nce to o!r l&s4 ,z1 h[ev]1 ! ,greeks _h ano!r "n = amb]1 electron1 ! "n ligurion appe>s to h be5 appli$ lat] to a v>iety ( ! jac9? some:at resembl+ amb] 9 color1 & !n to o!r v>ieties ( ! same /one4 ,! orig9al =m ( ! "n 0 evid5tly ligurion1 :i* 0 lat] *ang$ to lyncurion1 & 0 !n expla9$ z mean+ ! ur9e ( ! lynx 7f 1 & 1 ur9e74 ,?is fanciful etymology gave rise to ! /ory t ! ligurios1 or r lyncurius1 0 ! solidifi$ ur9e ( ! lynx4 ,! t]m lyncurion1 z us$ by ,!ophra/us1 may possibly h includ$ ! sapphire z well z ! jac9?1 s9ce he lays especial /ress ^u ! coldness ( ?is sub/ance1 a quality *>act]i/ic ( ! sapphire1 & also ( ! /ill d5s] jac9?4 ,h5ce1 x appe>s t we h1 ev5 9 ! "n ligurius1 "s ju/ification = accept+ ! r5d]+ hyac9?us1 sugge/$ by ! li/ ( f\ndation /ones 9 ,revelation xxi1 #bj1 & already propos$ by ,epiphanius1 ,bi%op ( ,con/antia1 ab\t #djj ,a4,d4 ,:e!r hyac9?us %\ld be r5d]$ 8sapphire0 or 8jac9?0 is n easy to det]m9e1 z ?is "n seems to h be5 us$ indiff]5tly = bo? /ones2 ) ! ,arabs1 "u ! =m yakut1 x became a g5]ic t]m = all ! v>ieties ( ! corundum gems4 ,! sapphire 0 engrav$ 9 ,greek & ,roman times & is1 p]haps1 ! le%em /one ( ! ,second ,temple4 ,= ! ,mosaic brea/plate we are =c$ to seek = "s /one kn[n 9 anci5t ,egypt1 :]e ! sapphire does n seem to h be5 introduc$ at an e>ly date4 ,if we c\ld accept ! sugge/ion ( ,brugs* t ! ,egyptian ne%em /one1 reput$ to h wond]ful magic virtues1 0 ! same z ! ,hebrew le%em1 a br[n agate w\ld h be5 ! sev5? /one 9 ! orig9al brea/plate1 z ,w5del gives v /rong reasons = r5d]+ ne%em 9 ?is way4 ,! color designations 7 v freely us$ 9 ,egyptian1 & !re=e a r$di% or a yell[i% br[n agate may h be5 us$4 ,! le%em bore ! tribal "n ,joseph4 ,,viii4 ,%ebo4 4 ,?is is uni=mly r5d]$ 9 ! anci5t v]sions & 9 ,josephus by 8agate10 a composite /one highly e/eem$ 9 v anci5t times1 & h5ce wor?y ( a place among ! /ones ( ! brea/plate2 at a lat] p]iod1 z ,pl9y notes 7xxxvii1 #ed71 x became s common t x 0 b little reg>d$4 ,nev]!less ! fact t ! v>i\s k9ds ( agates 7 believ$ to h _m talismanic & !rapeutic virtues1 ! great v>iety ( coloration obs]vable 9 ^! /ones1 & ! curi\s figures & m>k+s display$ by _m ( !m1 s]v$ to make !m favorite objects4 ,! etymology ( ! ^w %ebo sugge/s t x designat$ m especially a b&$ agate1 & t set 9 ! proto-brea/plate 0 mo/ probably "o ) gray & :ite b&s1 z ?is v>iety (t5 appe>s 9 ,egyptian "w4 ,!re w\ld h be5 no lack ( contra/ betwe5 ?is /one & ! r$di% or yell[i%-br[n agate1 ( uni=m color1 :i* may h occupi$ ! sev5? place4 ,= ! lat] brea/plate we may *oose any "o ( ! _m k9ds ( b&$ agate4 ,?is /one _h engrav$ ^u x ! "n ,b5jam94 ,,ix4 ,alamah4 4 ,z to ?is /one also1 all ! au?orities are 9 agreem5t1 & r5d] alamah by 8ame?y/40 ,?is 0 n1 h[ev]1 ! ,ori5tal ame?y/1 a v>iety ( corundum1 b a d>k blue or purple v>iety ( qu>tz4 ,bo? ,arabia & ,syria furni%$ a supply ( ame?y/s4 ,! ,hebrew "n %[s t ?is /one 0 believ$ to possess ! virtue ( induc+ dreams & visions 7cf4 halom--8dream071 :ile1 z is well kn[n1 ! ,greek "n *>act]izes x z an enemy or prev5tive ( inebriety4 ,! ame?y/ 0 kn[n 9 anci5t ,egypt & probably 0 nam$ hemag4 ,9 ! ,book ( ! ,dead a he>t made ( hemag is m5tion$1 & two su* he>t-%ap$ amulets ( ame?y/ are pres]v$ 9 ! ,b\laq ,museum4 ,z ! ame?y/ reta9$ its repute z a /one ( beauty & p[] ?r\gh ! ,greek & ,roman p]iods1 we may safely ass]t t x 0 set 9 bo? ! fir/ & second brea/plates4 ,^u ! alamah 0 engrav$ ! "n ,dan4 ,x4 ,t>%i%4 4 ,! ,septuag9t r5d]s ?is ^w 8*rysolite10 :]e x is us$ 9 ! description ( ! brea/plate1 z does ,josephus also4 ,9 ! ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion1 8b]yl0 is ! r5d]+4 ,we h already /at$ t ! topaz ( ! anci5ts 0 usually our *rysolite1 or p]idot1 & ! "n 8*rysolite0 appe>s to h be5 us$ to designate our topaz4 ,?is is inde$ indicat$ by ! lit]al mean+ ( ! ^w1 8gold5-/one40 ,! t>%i% receiv$ its "n f ,t>tessus1 9 ,spa91 an important comm]cial /ation ( ! ,phnicians4 ,! /one d]iv$ f ?is s\rce 0 n1 ( c\rse1 our ,ori5tal topaz1 a v>iety ( corundum1 nor 0 x ! true topaz2 nei!r is x at all likely t ! "n t>%i% signifi$1 at lea/ orig9ally1 ! g5u9e topaz2 mo/ probably x d5ot$ a v>iety ( qu>tz :i* occurs 9 ,spa94 ,?is is orig9ally black1 b is decoloriz$ by heat+ to a deep br[n1 & if ! heat+ be prolong$ ! /one becomes pal] & ev5tually entirely transp>5t4 ,! anci5ts 7 famili> ) ?is prop]ty4 ,9 anci5t ,egyptian records a /one call$ !h5 is frequ5tly m5tion$ z a mat]ial f :i* amulets 7 made4 ,?is ,egyptian "n signifi$ prim>ily a 8yell[ /one10 & might designate ei!r ! topaz or ! yell[ jasp]1 kn[n & us$ 9 ,egypt at a v e>ly date2 ! topaz 0 probably n kn[n !re e>li] ?an #ejj or #fjj ,b4,c4 ,h5ce1 9 spite ( ! unque/ionable difficulty (f]$ by ! geographical "n t>%i%1 :i* might seem to conf9e u to a ,spani% orig9 = ! /one1 ! probabilities favor ! selection ( ! yell[ jasp] z ! t5? gem 9 ,a>on's brea/plate4 ,= t made ) pi\s zeal by ^? :o labor$ to r5ew ! glories ( ! ,old ,j]usalem1 we *oose ! topaz1--possibly1 inde$1 a f9e specim5 ( ! g5u9e topaz1--= :atev] ! quality ( ! yell[ /one orig9ally br\ght f ,t>tessus1 ! "n may well h be5 appli$ to ! g5u9e topaz :5 t /one became kn[n to ! ,jews1 ei!r 9 ,babylonia1 or aft] _! return to ,pale/9e4 ,! t>%i% 0 engrav$ ) ! "n ,naphtali4 ,,xi4 ,%oham4 4 ,! ,septuag9t translates 8b]yl10 b 9 our ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion & 9 t us$ by ,roman ,ca?olics1 ! s-call$ ,d\ai ,v]sion1 ! ^w is inv>iably r5d]$ 8onyx40 ,diodorus ,siculus & ,dionysius ,p]iegetes1 writ+ 9 ! fir/ c5tury ,b4,c41 are ! fir/ classical au?ors :o use ! "n b]yl4 ,:ile ?is "n does n appe> 9 ! treatise ( ,!ophra/us1 he evid5tly includes ! b]yl among 8 sm>agdi2 inde$1 ! true em]ald is simply a v>iety ( ! b]yl1 & owes its beautiful coloration to a slight admixture ( *romium4 ,! f9e/ b]yls 7 br\ght f ,india4 ,besides ! specim5 set 9 ! brea/plate1 ! high-prie/ wore on 8 %\ld]s two %oham /ones1 ea* engrav$ ) ! names ( six ( ! tribes4 ,aft] c>efully weigh+ ! evid5ce1 we believe t ! /ones worn by ! high-prie/ ( ! ,second ,temple 7 aquam>9es 7b]yls74 ,9 our endeavor to det]m9e ! %oham /ones us$ 9 ,mosaic times1 we h no v def9ite in=mation to guide u2 on ! :ole1 ! conjecture ( ,j4 ,l4 ,my]s1 t !y 7 mala*ites1 seems to h mu* 9 its favor1 = ?is mat]ial 0 kn[n to ! anci5t ,egyptians & appe>s to h be5 (t5 us$ = amulets4 ,! ,egyptian "n = mala*ite1 z well z = o!r gre5 /ones1 0 mafek1 & a r+ ( mafek is m5tion$ 9 an ,egyptian text2 und\bt$ly1 at a lat] p]iod 9 ,egyptian hi/ory1 mafek may also h d5ot$ ! b]yl4 ,9 view ( ! fact t ! turquoise 0 unque/ionably kn[n to ! ,egyptians at a v e>ly date1 ! supply be+ d]iv$ f m9es 9 ! ,s9ai ,p59sula1 :i* 7 r$iscov]$ by ,macdonald1 we might be tempt$ to sugge/ t ! %oham /ones 7 turquoises4 ,! light blue or blue-gre5 ( ! specim5s ( ?is /one f\nd on ,mt4 ,s9ai w\ld make an ev5 bett] contra/ ) ! neighbor+ jade ?an w\ld ! bright gre5 mala*ite4 ,on ! %oham ( ! brea/plate ! "n ,gad 0 engrav$4 ,,xii4 ,ya%pheh4 4 ,if1 z appe>s almo/ c]ta91 ?is "n orig9ally occupi$ ! six? place 9 ! orig9al ,hebrew text1 all ! anci5t v]sions agree 9 translat+ x 8jasp]40 ,an ,assyrian =m ( ! "n 0 ya%pu1 z is %[n by ! ,tell el ,am>na lett]s 9 ! cunei=m writ+ dat+ f n long be=e ! ,exodus4 ,( all ! s-call$ jasp]s none 7 s highly valu$ z ^? ( a gre5 color4 ,! talismanic & !rapeutic qualities ( ! 8gre5 jasp]s0 are (t5 not$ by anci5t writ]s1 &1 accord+ to ,gal51 ^! /ones 7 recomm5d$ = rem$ial use by ,egyptian writ]s on m$ic9e4 ,abel ,remusat1 ! great ,fr5* ,ori5tali/1 writ+ 9 #ahbj1 0 "o ( ! fir/ to see 9 ! ya%pheh ( ! ,hebrews & 9 ! gre5 jasp] ( ! ,greeks & ,romans1 ! mat]ial jade 7nephrite or jadeite71 ! ,*9ese yu-/one4 ,^! m9]als 7 us$ bo? 9 ! ,old & ! ,new ,_w1 & 7 ev]y:]e believ$ to possess wond]ful virtues4 ,v likely ! p[]s suppos$ to *>act]ize jade 7 lat] attribut$ to gre5 jasp]1 b !re is e reason to suppose t ! true jade 0 always m highly priz$ ?an its jasp] sub/itute1 = x 0 mu* r>]1 & 0 easily di/+ui%able1 by its transluc5cy1 f jasp] ( a simil> color4 ,until q rec5tly only ,turke/an1 ,burma & ,new ,zeal& h suppli$ jade & mo/ ( t us$ 9 o!r l&s came f prehi/oric relics or f s\rces unkn[n to u4 ,x seems highly probable t ! ya%pheh :i* adorn$ ! brea/plate made = ,a>on 0 a piece ( nephrite or jadeite2 possibly 9 ! lat] brea/plate gre5 jasp] may h be5 employ$4 ,?is /one 0 inscrib$ ) ! tribal "n ,as%]4 ,9 ! foll[+ li/s ( ! preci\s & semi-preci\s /ones conta9$ 9 ! e>li] & lat] brea/plates1 ! writ] does n claim to h f9ally solv$ ! problem pres5t$ by ! ,hebrew acc\nts ( ! high-prie/'s adornm5t1 b he hopes t ! di/9ction e/abli%$ "h betwe5 ! ,mosaic brea/plate & t ( ! ,second ,temple1 sep>at$ f ea* o!r by an int]val ( eight c5turies1 may s]ve to cle> up "s ( ! difficulties enc\nt]$ 9 ! treatm5t ( ?is subject4 ,! ,brea/plate ( ,a>on4 ,! ,brea/plate ( ! ,second ,temple4 ,i ,r$ jasp] ,c>nelian ,,ii ,light-gre5 s]p5t9e ,p]idot ,,iii ,gre5 feldsp> ,em]ald ,,iv ,alm&9e g>net ,ruby ,v ,lapis-lazuli ,lapis-lazuli ,,vi ,onyx ,onyx ,,vii ,br[n agate ,sapphire or jac9? ,,viii ,b&$ agate ,b&$ agate ,,ix ,ame?y/ ,ame?y/ ,x ,yell[ jasp] ,topaz ,,xi ,mala*ite ,b]yl ,,xii ,gre5 jasp]1 or jade ,gre5 jasp]1 or jade ,! foll[+ li/s %[ ! v>iations ( ! diff]5t anci5t au?orities 9 reg>d to ! names ( ! gems 9 ! brea/plate3 ,septuag9t4 ,josephus ,vulgate ,au?oriz$ ,revis$ ,hebrew4 7,greek7 7,greek7 7,lat97 ,v]sion ,v]sion ,ab\t ,ab\t ,ab\t #afaa ,a4,d4 #ahhd ,a4,d4 #bej ,b4,c4 #ij ,a4,d4 #djj ,a4,d4 #a ,odem ,s>dion ,s>donyx ,s>dius ,s>dius ,s>dius 7or ,ruby7 #b ,pidah ,topazion ,topazos ,topazius ,topaz ,topaz #c ,b>ee? ,sm>agdos ,sm>agdos ,sm>agdus ,c>buncle ,c>buncle 7or ,em]ald7 #d ,nophak ,an?rax ,an?rax ,c>bunculus ,em]ald ,em]ald 7or ,c>buncle7 #e ,sappir ,sappheiros ,iaspis ,sapphirius ,sapphire ,sapphire #f ,yahalom ,iaspis ,sappheiros ,jaspis ,diamond ,diamond 7or ,s>donyx7 #g ,le%em ,ligurion ,liguros ,ligurius ,ligure ,jac9? 7or ,amb]7 #h ,%ebo ,a*ats ,ame?y/os ,a*ats ,agate ,agate #i ,alamah ,ame?y/os ,a*ats ,ame?y/us ,ame?y/ ,ame?y/ #aj ,t>%i% ,*rysoli?os ,*rysoli?os ,*rysoli?us ,b]yl ,b]yl 7or ,*alc$ony7 #aa ,%oham ,bryllion ,onyx ,ony*9us ,onyx ,onyx 7or ,b]yl7 #ab ,ya%pheh ,ony*ion ,bryllos ,bryllus ,jasp] ,jasp] ,! high-prie/'s brea/plate1 z describ$ 9 ,hebrew tradition1 0 reg>d$ by ! ,jews ) peculi> rev]5ce1 & ! /ones set 9 x 7 believ$ to be emblematic ( _m ?+s4 ,x is1 !re=e1 q natural t ^! /ones are describ$ 9 ! book ( ,revelation z ! f\ndation /ones ( ! ,new ,j]usalem4 ,! names are 9 "s cases n id5tical ) ^? giv5 9 ,exodus1 b ?is may arise f v>i\s r5d]+s ( ! ,hebrew names 9 ! ,t>gums or 9 ! ,greek v]sions4 ,! text 9 ,revelation 7xxi1 #i-ba7 is z foll[s3 ,& !re came unto me "o ( ! sev5 angels :i* _h ! sev5 vials full ( ! sev5 la/ plagues1 & talk$ ) me1 say+1 ,come hi!r1 ,i w %[ !e ! bride1 ! ,lamb's wife3 ,& he c>ri$ me away 9 ! _s to a great & high m\nta91 & %[$ me t great city1 ! holy ,j]usalem1 desc5d+ out ( heav5 f ,god4 ,hav+ ! glory ( ,god3 & h] light 0 l unto a /one mo/ preci\s1 ev5 l a jasp]-/one1 cle> z cry/al2 ,& _h a wall great & high1 & _h twelve gates1 & at ! gates twelve angels1 & names writt5 !reon1 :i* are ! names ( ! twelve tribes ( ! *ildr5 ( ,israel3 ,on ! ea/1 ?ree gates2 on ! nor?1 ?ree gates2 on ! s\?1 ?ree gates2 & on ! we/1 ?ree gates4 ,& ! wall ( ! city _h twelve f\ndations1 & 9 !m ! names ( ! twelve apo/les ( ! ,lamb4 ,& he t talk$ ) me _h a gold5 re$ to measure ! city1 & ! gates !re(1 & ! wall !re(4 ,& ! city lie? f\rsqu>e1 & ! l5g? is z l>ge z ! bread?3 & he measur$ ! city ) ! re$1 twelve ?\s& furlongs4 ,! l5g? & ! bread? & ! height ( x are equal4 ,& he measur$ ! wall !re(1 an hundr$ & =ty & f\r cubits1 accord+ to ! measure ( a man1 t is1 ( ! angel4 ,& ! build+ ( ! wall ( x 0 ( jasp]3 & ! city 0 pure gold1 l unto cle> glass4 ,& ! f\ndations ( ! wall ( ! city 7 g>ni%$ ) all mann] ( preci\s /ones4 ,! fir/ f\ndation 0 jasp]2 ! second1 sapphire2 ! ?ird1 a *alc$ony2 ! f\r?1 an em]ald2 ,! fif?1 s>donyx2 ! six?1 s>dius2 ! sev5?1 *rysolite2 ! eigh?1 b]yl2 ! n9?1 a topaz2 ! t5?1 a *rysoprasus2 ! elev5?1 a jac9?2 ! twelf?1 an ame?y/4 ,& ! twelve gates 7 twelve pe>ls2 e sev]al gate 0 ( "o pe>l3 & ! /reet ( ! city 0 pure gold1 z x 7 transp>5t glass4 ,x is easy to trace 9 ?is description ! sub/itution ( ! twelve apo/les = ! twelve tribes 9 connection ) ! preci\s /ones enum]at$1 &1 besides ?is1 we also h ! twelve angels1 associat$ at a lat] date ) ! mon?s & ! signs ( ! zodiac4 ,( ! twelve f\ndation /ones ! ,revelation ( ,/4 ,john expressly /ates t !y _h 89 !m ! names ( ! twelve apo/les ( ! ,lamb40 ,! assignm5t ( ea* /one to ! respective apo/le 0 made 9 lat] times accord+ to ! ord] giv5 9 ! li/s ( ! apo/les conta9$ 9 ! s-call$ ,synoptic ,gospels1 ,mat!w1 ,m>k1 & ,luke4 ,^! li/s are n q id5tical--,&rew1 = in/ance1 be+ plac$ second 9 ,mat!w & ,luke1 b f\r? 9 ,m>k--& ! same /one 0 n always assign$ to a giv5 apo/le4 ,frequ5tly ! li/ 0 modifi$ by ! addition ( ! apo/le ,paul1 really ! ?irte5? apo/le4 ,9 ?is case he 0 usually giv5 ! second place imm$iately aft] ,/4 ,pet]1 & to ! bro!rs ,james & ,john1 ! 8,sons ( ,?und]10 0 assign$ a s+le /one2 9 "s lat] arrangem5ts ,/4 ,paul occupies ! la/ place1 aft] ,/4 ,mat?ias1 :o 0 *os5 to take ! place ( ,judas ,isc>iot1 & ^: "n z an apo/le fir/ appe>s 9 ! ,acts4 ,,li/s ,,( ,,! ,,apo/les4 ,gospel ( ,gospel ( ,gospel ( ,/4 ,mat!w ,/4 ,m>k ,/4 ,luke x1 #b-d4 iii1 #af-ai4 vi1 #ad-af4 ,pet] ,pet] ,pet] ,&rew ,james ,&rew ,james ,john ,james ,john ,&rew ,john ,philip ,philip ,philip ,b>?olomew ,b>?olomew ,b>?olomew ,?omas ,mat!w ,mat!w ,mat!w ,?omas ,?omas ,james ! ,less ,james ! ,less ,james ! ,less ,?addeus ,?addeus ,simon ,zelotes ,simon ,zelotes ,simon ,zelotes ,judas ,judas ,isc>iot ,judas ,isc>iot ,judas ,isc>iot ,! passage 9 ,revelation xxi1 #ai1 #bj1 is n ! only "o 9 t book treat+ ( preci\s /ones1 = we read 9 *apt] iv1 #b1 #c3 ,& imm$iately ,i 0 9 ! ,_s3 &1 behold1 a ?rone 0 set 9 heav51 & "o sat on ! ?rone4 ,& he t sat 0 to look ^u l a jasp] & a s>d9e /one3 & !re 0 a ra9b[ r\nd ab\t ! ?rone1 9 sight l unto an em]ald4 ,! comm5tators1 bo? anci5t & mod]n1 h giv5 _m diff]5t explanations ( ! symbolic mean+ ( ! similes employ$ "h4 ,"s h se5 9 ! two /ones a type ( ! two judgm5ts ( ! _w1 by fire & by wat]2 o!rs f9d t !y signify ! hol9ess ( ,god & 8 ju/ice4 ,( ! ra9b[ 8l unto an em]ald10 ,al=d says we %\ld n ?9k x /range t ! b[ is gre51 in/ead ( prismatic3 8! =m is t ( ! cov5ant b[1 ! color ev5 m refre%+ & m directly symboliz+ grace & m]cy40#dbd ,! significance ( ! twelve ,apocalyptic gems is giv5 by ,rabanus ,maurus1 ,ar*bi%op ( ,ma9z 7#ghf-hef71 9 ! foll[+ words3#dbe ,9 ! jasp] is figur$ ! tru? ( fai?2 9 ! sapphire1 ! height ( cele/ial hope2 9 ! *alc$ony1 ! flame ( inn] *>ity4 ,9 ! em]ald is express$ ! /r5g? ( fai? 9 adv]sity2 9 ! s>donyx1 ! humility ( ! sa9ts 9 spite ( _! virtues2 9 ! s>d1 ! v5]able blood ( ! m>tyrs4 ,9 ! *rysolite1 inde$1 is %[n true spiritual prea*+ accompani$ by miracles2 9 ! b]yl1 ! p]fect op]ation ( prophecy2 9 ! topaz1 ! ard5t contemplation ( ! prophecies4 ,la/ly1 9 ! *rysoprase is demon/rat$ ! "w ( ! bless$ m>tyrs & _! rew>d2 9 ! hyac9?1 ! cele/ial rapture ( ! le>n$ 9 _! high ?\ghts & _! humble desc5t to human ?+s out ( reg>d = ! weak2 9 ! ame?y/1 ! con/ant ?\ght ( ! heav5ly k+dom 9 humble s\ls4 ,! orig9 ( ! f\ndation /ones nam$ 9 ,revelation xxi1 #ai1 #bj1 may be f\nd 9 ! text1 ,isaiah liv1 #aa1 #ab1 :]e we read3 ,o ?\ afflict$1 toss$ ) tempe/1 & n com=t$1 behold1 ,i w lay ?y /ones ) fair col\rs1 & lay ?y f\ndations ) sapphires4 ,& ,i w make ?y w9d[s ( agates1 & ?y gates ( c>buncles1 & all ?y bord]s ( pleasant /ones4 ,z we see1 only ?ree /ones are m5tion$ by "n3 ! sapphire1 ! c>buncle1 & 8agates40 ,?is la/ r5d]+ is q d\btful1 z ! ,hebrew ^w 7kodkodim7 signifies %9+ or gleam+ /ones1 & _! use = w9d[s indicates t !y mu/ h be5 transp>5t4 ,x is easy to und]/& t 9 lat] times ! twelve /ones ( ! brea/plate1 d$icat$ to ! twelve tribes ( ,israel1 7 us$ to fill out & complete ! picture1 foll[+ ! indication giv5 by ! g5]al t]ms 8/ones ) fair col\rs0 & 8pleasant /ones40 ,9 comm5t+ on ?is text ,rabbi ,johanan is quot$ 9 ! ,babylonian ,talmud z say+ t ,god w\ld br+ jewels & pe>ls ?irty ells squ>e 7tw5ty ells 9 height & t5 9 wid?7 & w\ld place !m on ! gates ( ,j]usalem4 ,!re may be 9 ?is "s rem9isc5ce ( ! ,apocalyptic f\ndation /ones4 ,a sceptical disciple said to ! ,rabbi1 8,we d n ev] f9d a jewel z l>ge z ! egg ( a dove40 ,b n long aft]w>d1 :5 ?is same disciple 0 sail+ 9 a boat on ! sea1 he saw angels saw+ /ones z imm5se z ^? describ$ by ,rabbi ,johanan1 & :5 he ask$ = :at !y 7 design$1 ! reply 01 8,! ,holy ,"o1 bless$ be ,he1 w place !m on ! gates ( ,j]usalem40#dbf ,,ix ,bir?-,/ones ,! orig9 ( ! belief t to ea* mon? ( ! ye> a special /one 0 d$icat$1 & t ! /one ( ! mon? 0 end[$ ) a peculi> virtue = ^? born 9 t mon? & 0 _! natal /one1 may be trac$ back to ! writ+s ( ,josephus1 9 ! fir/ c5tury ( our era1 & to ^? ( ,/4 ,j]ome1 9 ! e>ly "p ( ! fif? c5tury4 ,bo? ^! au?ors di/9ctly proclaim ! connection betwe5 ! twelve /ones ( ! high-prie/'s brea/plate & ! twelve mon?s ( ! ye>1 z well z ! twelve zodiacal signs4 ,/range to say1 h[ev]1 9 spite ( ?is e>ly te/imony1 we h no in/ance ( ! usage ( we>+ su* /ones z natal /ones until a comp>atively late date2 inde$1 x appe>s t ?is cu/om orig9at$ 9 ,pol& "s "t dur+ ! eighte5? c5tury4 ,! reason = ?is seems to h be5 t ! virtues attribut$ to ea* p>ticul> /one1 m especially ! !rapeutic virtues1 r5d]$ x necess>y to recomm5d ! we>+ ( "o or ! o!r1 accord+ to ! disease f :i* ! p]son 0 suff]+1 = 8 natal /one might n h ! p[] to cure 8 p>ticul> ailm5t1 or might n br+ ab\t ! fulfilm5t ( 8 de>e/ wi%4 ,9 o!r words1 ! belief 9 ! special virtues ( ! /one 0 p>am\nt1 & x 0 long be=e ! my/ic bond betwe5 ! /one ( ! mon? & ! p]son born 9 t mon? 0 fully realiz$4 ,! ord] 9 :i* ! f\ndation /ones ( ! ,new ,j]usalem are giv5 9 ! book ( ,revelation det]m9$ ! succession ( natal /ones = ! mon?s4 ,! fir/ /one 0 assign$ to ,/4 ,pet] & to ! mon? ( ,m>*1 to ! lead] ( ! apo/les & to ! mon? ( ! spr+ equ9ox2 ! second to ! mon? ( ,april2 ! ?ird to ,may1 etc4 ,:51 h[ev]1 _m c5turies lat]1--probably 9 ,pol&1 z we h /at$1--) ! aid ( ! rabbis or ! ,hebrew gem trad]s1 ! we>+ ( natal /ones became usual1 c]ta9 *anges _h be5 made 9 ?is ord] & "s /ones n m5tion$ among ^? ( ! brea/plate1 or ( ! ,new ,j]usalem1 7 sub/itut$ = c]ta9 ( ^!1--notably ! turquoise = ! mon? ( ,decemb]1 ! ruby = ,july1 & ! diamond = ,april4 ,9 mod]n times ! turquoise has become ! /one = ,july :ile ! ruby has be5 assign$ to ,decemb]4 ,!re is "s evid5ce 9 favor ( ! !ory t at ! outset all twelve /ones 7 acquir$ by ! same p]son & worn 9 turn1 ea* "o dur+ ! respective mon? to :i* x 0 assign$1 or dur+ ! asc5dancy ( its zodiacal sign4 ,! /one ( ! mon? 0 believ$ to ex]cise its !rapeutic or talismanic virtue to ! fulle/ ext5t at t p]iod4 ,p]haps ! fact t ?is entail$ a mon?ly *ange ( ornam5ts may r h be5 a recomm5dation ( ! usage ?an ! rev]se4#dbg ,x seems highly probable t ! developm5t ( ! belief 9 natal /ones t took place 9 ,pol& 0 due to ! influ5ce ( ! ,jews :o settl$ 9 t c\ntry %ortly be=e we h hi/oric notice ( ! use ( ! twelve /ones = ^? born 9 ! respective mon?s4 ,! lively int]e/ always felt by ! ,jews reg>d+ ! gems ( ! brea/plate1 ! _m & v>i\s comm5t>ies _! le>n$ m5 h writt5 ^u ?is subject1 & ! fact t ! well-to-d among ! *os5 p h always c>ri$ ) !m 9 _! w&]+s _m preci\s /ones1 all ?is seems to make x likely t to ! ,jews %\ld be attribut$ ! fa%ion ( we>+ natal /ones4 ,h[ev]1 :e!r ?is conjecture be correct or errone\s1 ! fa%ion once />t$ became soon q g5]al & has z _m vot>ies to-day z ev] be=e4 ,!re c be no d\bt t ! own] ( a r+ or ornam5t set ) a natal /one is impress$ ) ! idea ( possess+ some?+ m intimately associat$ ) 8 or h] p]sonality ?an any o!r /one1 h[ev] beautiful or co/ly x may be4 ,if x be object$ t ?is is no?+ b imag9ation due to s5tim5t1 we mu/ be> 9 m9d t imag9ation is "o ( ! mo/ pot5t factors 9 our life2 inde$1 ! great ,napoleon is quot$ z say+ t x rul$ ! _w4 ,probably ! v e>lie/ text we h 9 :i* ! /ones ( ! brea/plate are positively associat$ ) ! mon?s ( ! ye> is to be f\nd 9 ! 8,antiquities ( ! ,jews10 by ,flavius ,josephus4#dbh ,?is runs z foll[s3 ,moreov]1 ! ve/m5ts ( ! high-prie/ be+ made ( l95 signifies ! e>?1 ! blue d5otes ! sky1 be+ l lightn+ 9 its pomegranates1 & resembl+ ?und] 9 ! noise ( ! bells4 ,& z = ! ephod1 x %[$ t ,god _h made ! univ]se ( f\r elem5ts1 & z = ! gold int]wov5 9 x1 ,i suppose x relat$ to ! spl5dor by :i* all ?+s are to be enlight5$4 ,he also appo9t$ ! brea/plate to be plac$ 9 ! middle ( ! ephod to resemble ! e>?1 = t occupies ! middle place 9 ! _w2 & ! girdle1 :i* encompass$ ! high prie/ ab\t1 signifies ! ocean1 = t goes ab\t ev]y?+4 ,& ! two s>donyxes t 7 9 ! clasps on ! high-prie/'s %\ld]s1 indicate to u ! sun & ! moon4 ,& = ! twelve /ones1 :e!r we und]/& by !m ! mon?s1 or ! twelve signs ( :at ! ,greeks call ! zodiac1 we %all n be mi/ak5 9 _! mean+4 ,& = ! cap1 :i* 0 ( a blue color1 x seems to me to mean heav51 = o!rwise ! "n ( ,god w\ld n h be5 inscrib$ ^u x4 ,t x 0 also adorn$ ) a cr[n1 & t ( gold also1 is because ( ! spl5dor ) :i* ,god is pleas$4 ,?is passage 0 adapt$ by ,/4 ,j]ome1 ?ree hundr$ ye>s lat]1 9 8 lett] to ,fabiola1#dbi & und\bt$ly laid ! f\ndation = ! lat] cu/om ( we>+ "o ( ^! /ones z a natal or bir?-/one = a p]son born 9 a giv5 mon?1 or = an a/ral or zodiacal /one = "o born "u a giv5 zodiacal sign4 ,z we see1 bo? uses are indicat$ by ! passage ( ,josephus4 ,9 ! lat] c5turies1 z ! book ( ,revelation1 :i* 0 g5]ally less favor$ at ! outset ?an ! o!r p>ts ( ! ,new ,te/am5t1 became a subject ( dev\t /udy1 & a m9e ( my/ical sugge/ions1 ! twelve f\ndation /ones 7,rev4 xxi1 #ai7 ( ! ,new ,j]usalem l>gely took ! place ( ! /ones ( ! brea/plate4 ,:ile ?is li/ ( f\ndation /ones is unque/ionably bas$ ^u ! mu* e>li] li/ ( ! /ones adorn+ ,a>on's brea/plate1 ! ord]+ diff]s consid]ably & !re are "s *anges 9 ! mat]ial2 possibly _m1 if n all1 ( ^! diff]5ces may be due to textual errors or to a transcription f memory4 ,t ! f\ndation /ones 7 inscrib$ ) ! names ( ! apo/les is expressly /at$ 7,rev4 xxi1 #ad71 b x 0 n until ! eigh? or n9? c5tury t ! comm5tators on ,revelation busi$ !mselves ) f9d+ analogies betwe5 ^! /ones & ! apo/les4 ,at ! outset1 ! symbolism ( ! /ones 0 look$ ^u f a purely religi\s /&po9t4 ,few ( ! e>ly fa!rs--we may except ,epiphanius--?\ght or c>$ mu* = ! /ones !mselves1 or knew mu* ( !m2 b1 9 "t1 _! natural beauty became m & m highly develop$ z ! lapid>ian art dem&$ bett] cut & *oic] mat]ial1 _! suppos$ virtues came to ! =e1 & ! symbolism 0 /r5g!n$ & emphasiz$ by a ref]5ce to _! innate qualities & also to _! peculi> p[]s4 ,! fact t ?is "p ( ! tradition 0 r ( pagan ?an ( ,*ri/ian orig9 probably contribut$ to r5d] x less attractive to ! e>ly ,*ri/ians1 s t x 0 n until ,*ri/ianity _h become practically univ]sal 9 ! ,greek & ,roman _w & ! opposition to pagan traditions1 z su*1 0 weak5$ &1 inde$1 l>gely =gott51 t ! virtues ( ! /ones 7 made prom95t1 & c]ta9 p>ts ( ^! sup]/itions 7 reta9$1 z 7 "s ( ! pagan c]emonies 9 ! ,*ri/ian religion4 ,"o ( ! e>lie/ writ]s to associate directly ) ! apo/les ! symbolism ( ! gems giv5 z f\ndation /ones ( ! ,new ,j]usalem by ,/4 ,john 9 ,revelation xxi1 #ai1 is ,&reas1 bi%op ( ,cs>ea4 ,?is au?or 0 at "o "t assign$ by critics to ! fif? c5tury ,a4,d41#dcj b m rec5t inve/igation has %[n t he probably belong$ to ! la/ half ( ! t5? c5tury4 ,8 exposition reads z foll[s3#dca ,! jasp]1 :i* l ! em]ald is ( a gre5i% hue1 probably signifies ,/4 ,pet]1 *ief ( ! apo/les1 z "o :o s bore ,*ri/'s dea? 9 8 inmo/ nature t 8 love = ,him 0 always vigor\s & fre%4 ,by 8 f]v5t fai? he has become our %eph]d & lead]4 ,z ! sapphire is lik5$ to ! heav5s 7f ?is /one is made a color popul>ly call$ lazur71 ,i conceive x to mean ,/4 ,paul1 s9ce he 0 caught up to ! ?ird heav51 :]e 8 s\l 0 firmly fix$4 ,?i!r he seeks to draw all ^? :o may be ob$i5t to him4 ,! *alc$ony 0 n ins]t$ 9 ! high-prie/'s brea/plate1 b in/ead ! c>buncle1 ( :i* no m5tion is made "h4 ,x may well be1 h[ev]1 t ! au?or designat$ ! c>buncle by ! "n *alc$ony4 ,&rew1 !n1 c be lik5$ to ! c>buncle1 s9ce he 0 spl5didly illum9$ by ! fire ( ! ,_s4 ,! em]ald1 :i* is ( a gre5 color1 is n\ri%$ ) oil1 t its transp>5cy & beauty may n *ange2 we conceive ?is /one to signify ,john ! ,evangeli/4 ,he1 inde$1 soo!d ! s\ls deject$ by s9 ) a div9e oil1 & by ! grace ( 8 excell5t doctr9e l5ds con/ant /r5g? to our fai?4 ,by ! s>donyx1 %[+ ) a c]ta9 transp>5cy & purity ! color ( ! human nail1 we believe t ,james is d5ot$1 see+ t he bore dea? = ,*ri/ be=e all o!rs4 ,?is ! nail by its color indicates1 = x may be cut (f )\t any s5sible pa94 ,! s>dius ) its tawny & transluc5t color+ sugge/s fire1 & x possesses ! virtue ( heal+ tumors & w\nds inflict$ by iron2 h5ce ,i consid] t x designates ! beauty ( virtue *>act]iz+ ! apo/le ,philip1 = 8 virtue1 animat$ by ! fire ( ! ,holy ,_s1 cur$ ! s\l ( ! w\nds inflict$ by ! wiles ( ! devil1 & reviv$ x4 ,! *rysolite1 gleam+ ) ! spl5dor ( gold1 may symbolize ,b>?olomew1 s9ce he 0 illu/ri\s = 8 div9e prea*+ & 8 /ore ( virtues4 ,! b]yl1 imitat+ ! colors ( ! sea & ( ! air1 & n unlike ! jac9?1 seems to sugge/ ! admirable ,?omas1 especially z he made a long j\rney by sea1 & ev5 rea*$ ! ,indies1 s5t by ,god to prea* salvation to ! peoples ( t region4 ,! topaz1 :i* is ( a ruddy color1 resembl+ some:at ! c>buncle1 /ops ! dis*>ge ( ! milky fluid ) :i* ^? hav+ eye-disease suff]4 ,?is seems to d5ote ,mat!w1 = he 0 animat$ by a div9e zeal1 &1 8 blood be+ fir$ because ( ,*ri/1 he 0 f\nd wor?y to enlight5 by 8 ,gospel ^? ^: he>t 0 bl9d$1 t !y might l new-born *ildr5 dr9k ( ! milk ( ! fai?4 ,! *rysoprase1 m brightly t+$ ) a gold5 hue ?an gold itself1 symbolizes ,/4 ,?addu2 ! gold 7*rysos7 symboliz+ ! k+dom ( ,*ri/1 & ! prassius1 ,*ri/'s dea?1 bo? ( :i* he prea*$ to ,abg>1 ,k+ ( ,edessa4 ,! jac9?1 :i* is ( a cele/ial hue1 signifies ,simon ,zelotes1 zeal\s = ! gifts & grace ( ,*ri/ & end[$ ) a cele/ial prud5ce4 ,by ! ame?y/1 :i* %[s to ! onlook] a fi]y aspect1 is signifi$ ,mat?ias1 :o 9 ! gift ( tongues 0 s fill$ ) cele/ial fire & ) f]v5t zeal to s]ve & please ,god1 :o _h *os5 him1 t he 0 f\nd wor?y to take ! place ( ! apo/ate ,judas4 ,"s !ologians 7 oppos$ to ! assignm5t ( ! f\ndation /ones to ! apo/les1 = !y held t only ,*ri/ himself c\ld be reg>d$ z ! f\ndation ( 8 ,*ur*4 ,h5ce ! symbolism ( ^! /ones 0 made to apply to ,*ri/ alone1 ! color ( ! /one (t5 guid+ ! comm5tator 9 8 *oice ( ideas d5ot$ by ! diff]5t gems4 ,?us1 "o writ]1 apply+ all ! mean+s to ,*ri/1 f9ds t ! gre5i% ,jasp] d5otes satisfaction2 ! sky-blue ,sapphire1 ! s\l2 ! bright-r$ ,*alc$ony1 zeal = tru?2 ! transp>5t gre5 ,em]ald1 k9dness & goodness2 ! nail-color$ ,s>donyx1 ! /r5g? ( spiritual life2 ! r$ ,s>dius1 read9ess to %$ ,8 blood = ! ,*ur*2 ! yell[ ,*rysolite1 ! excell5ce ( ,8 div9e nature2 ! sea-gre5 ,b]yl1 mod]ation & ! control ( ! passions2 ! glass-gre5 ,topaz 7*rysolite871 uprightness2 ! h>%-color$ ,*rysoprase1 /]nness t[>ds s9n]s2 ! violet or purple ,jac9?1 royal dignity1 &1 la/ly1 ! purple ,ame?y/1 ) a t\* ( r$1 p]fection4#dcb ,&reas ( ,cs>ea freely recognizes 8 indebt$ness to ! mu* m anci5t s\rce1 ,/4 ,epiphanius1 bi%op ( ,con/antia 9 ,cyprus1 :o di$ 9 #djb ,a4,d41 & :o wrote a %ort b v valuable treatise on ! /ones ( ! brea/plate1 not+ 9 sev]al cases ! !rapeutic & talismanic virtues ( ^! /ones & giv+ 8 op9ion z to ! ord] 9 :i* ! names ( ! tribes 7 inscrib$ ^u !m4#dcc ,z ! f\ndation /ones ( ,revelation are rightly call$ 8apo/olic /ones10 s ^? ( ! brea/plate m]it ! designation ( 8tribal /ones10 z well z t ( a/ral /ones2 inde$1 ! ,jews ( m$ieval times def9itely associat$ ! tribes ) ! zodiacal signs 9 ! foll[+ ord]3 ,judah ,aries ,issa*> ,taurus ,zebulun ,gem9i ,reub5 ,canc] ,simeon ,leo ,gad ,virgo ,ephraim ,libra ,manasseh ,scorpio ,b5jam9 ,sagitt>ius ,dan ,capricorn ,naphtali ,aqu>ius ,a%] ,pisces ,= ,rabanus ,maurus ! n9e gems ( ! k+ ( ,tyre nam$ 9 ,ezekiel xxxviii1 #ac1 are types ( ! n9e ord]s ( angels1 j z ! twelve f\ndation /ones ( ,revelation signify ! twelve apo/les4#dcd ,x is evid5t1 f e>ly & lat] usage1 t1 at ! place & "t :]e & :5 ^! /ones 7 fir/ utiliz$ = bir?-/ones1 ! ye> mu/ h begun ) ! mon? ( ,m>*4 ,?is w be app>5t :5 we comp>e ! foll[+ eight li/s1 c>efully ga!r$ f v>i\s s\rces3 ,isidore ,bi%op ( ,mon? ,jews ,romans ,seville ,arabians ,janu>y ,g>net ,g>net ,hyac9? ,g>net ,febru>y ,ame?y/ ,ame?y/ ,ame?y/ ,ame?y/ ,m>* ,jasp] ,blood/one ,jasp] ,blood/one ,april ,sapphire ,sapphire ,sapphire ,sapphire ,may ,*alc$ony ,agate ,agate ,em]ald ,c>nelian ,agate ,june ,em]ald ,em]ald ,em]ald ,agate ,*alc$ony ,pe>l ,july ,onyx ,onyx ,onyx ,c>nelian ,augu/ ,c>nelian ,c>nelian ,c>nelian ,s>donyx ,septemb] ,*rysolite ,s>donyx ,*rysolite ,*rysolite ,octob] ,aquam>9e ,aquam>9e ,aquam>9e ,aquam>9e ,novemb] ,topaz ,topaz ,topaz ,topaz ,decemb] ,ruby ,ruby ,ruby ,ruby -----------------------,table split------------------------ #ae? to #bj? ,poles ,russians ,italians ,c5tury ,janu>y ,g>net ,g>net ,jac9? ,g>net ,hyac9? ,g>net ,febru>y ,ame?y/ ,ame?y/ ,ame?y/ ,ame?y/ ,hyac9? ,pe>l ,m>* ,blood/one ,jasp] ,jasp] ,jasp] ,blood/one ,april ,diamond ,sapphire ,sapphire ,diamond ,sapphire ,may ,em]ald ,em]ald ,agate ,em]ald ,agate ,june ,agate ,agate ,em]ald ,cat's-eye ,*alc$ony ,*alc$ony ,turquoise ,agate ,july ,ruby ,ruby ,onyx ,turquoise ,s>donyx ,onyx ,augu/ ,s>donyx ,alex&rite ,c>nelian ,s>donyx ,c>nelian ,moon/one ,topaz ,septemb] ,s>donyx ,*rysolite ,*rysolite ,*rysolite ,octob] ,aquam>9e ,b]yl ,b]yl ,b]yl ,opal ,novemb] ,topaz ,topaz ,topaz ,topaz ,pe>l ,decemb] ,turquoise ,turquoise ,ruby ,ruby ,*rysoprase ,blood/one ,x may be int]e/+ to %[ 9 ^! eight li/s ! /ones :i* are mo/ favor$ 9 ea* mon? 9 ! foll[+ way1 ! num]als indicat+ ! numb] ( li/s 9 :i* ! /ones appe> 7includ+ ! alt]nate /ones73 ,janu>y ,g>net #g1 hyac9? #b4 ,febru>y ,ame?y/ #h1 hyac9? #a1 pe>l #a4 ,m>* ,jasp] #e1 blood/one #d4 ,april ,sapphire #g1 diamond #b4 ,may ,agate #e1 em]ald #d1 *alc$ony #a1 c>nelian #a4 ,june ,em]ald #d1 agate #d1 *alc$ony #c1 turquoise #a1 pe>l #a1 cat's-eye #a4 ,july ,onyx #e1 s>donyx #a1 c>nelian #a1 ruby #a1 turquoise #a4 ,augu/ ,c>nelian #e1 s>donyx #c1 moon/one #a1 topaz #a1 alex&rite #a4 ,septemb] ,*rysolite #f1 s>donyx #b4 ,octob] ,b]yl1 #h1 aquam>9e #e1 opal #a4 ,novemb] ,topaz #h1 pe>l #a4 ,decemb] ,ruby #f1 turquoise #b1 *rysoprase #a1 blood/one #a4 ,) ! exception ( ,janu>y1 :]e we h ! g>net in/ead ( ! jac9?1 & ( ,decemb]1 :i* gives u ! ruby in/ead ( ! *rysoprase1 ! fir/ *oices are practically id5tical ) ! f\ndation /ones1 be>+ 9 m9d t ! elev5? /one is t = ,janu>y1 ! twelf? t = ,febru>y1 ! fir/ t = ,m>* & s on4 ,( ! assignm5t ( ! natal /ones to ! diff]5t mon?s ( ! ye> or to ! zodiacal signs1 ,p\jet fils1 writ+ 9 #agfb1 /ates t 9 8 op9ion ?is fa%ion />t$ 9 ,g]many--o!rs say 9 ,pol&--"s two c5turies be=e 8 "t1 & he adds t1 ?\gh ?is arrangem5t 0 purely imag9>y1 & unkn[n to anci5t writ]s1 x soon became popul>1 & _m1 m especially ( ! fair sex1 see+ 9 x an elem5t ( my/]y1 wi%$ to we> r+s set ) ! /one appropriate to ! mon? ( _! bir?1 ! /one be+ engrav$ ) ! appropriate zodiacal sign4#dce ,h[ev] correct ,p\jet may be reg>d+ ! p]iod at :i* ! fa%ion ( we>+ natal r+s 0 introduc$1 he is1 z we h already %[n1 q wrong 9 believ+ t ! s]ial arrangem5t ( ! /ones & _! assignm5t to mon?s or signs 0 purely imag9>y1 = x is unque/ionably bas$ on ! li/ 9 ,revelation1 :i* 9 its turn goes back to ! twelve /ones ( ! high-prie/'s brea/plate4 ,illu/ration3 ,,facsimile ,,( ,,! ,,betro?al ,,r+ ,,( ,,! ,,virg9 ,,9 ,,! ,,ca!dral ,,( ,,p]ugia4 ,! orig9al r+1 :i* is ( *alc$ony1 is %[n on ,/4 ,aga?a's ,day1 ,july #bi1 to cure ailm5ts ( mo!rs4 ,?is cord & facsimile ( r+ acquir$ by ! au?or at ,p]ugia1 ,may #f1 #aijb4 ,! fa%ion ( we>+ a s]ies ( twelve /ones d5ot+ 7or be>+7 ! zodiacal signs seems to h exi/$ 9 ! sixte5? c5tury1 = ,ca!r9e de' ,m$ici is said to h worn a girdle set ) twelve /ones1 among :i* 7 c]ta9 onyxes z l>ge z cr[npieces1 ^u :i* talismanic designs _h be5 engrav$4 ,two hundr$ ye>s lat] ?is girdle is /at$ to h be5 9 ! possession ( a ,m4 d',enn]y1 ^: collection ( antique m$als 0 reg>d$ z ! f9e/ 9 ,p>is at ! "t4#dcf ,x is n1 h[ev]1 c]ta9 t ! twelve /ones ( ,ca!r9e's girdle 7 ^? attribut$ to ! zodiacal signs bo? at an e>li] & lat] p]iod4 ,?\gh ! sub/itution ( a new s*$ule = ! "t-honor$ li/ ( bir?-/ones has receiv$ ! approval ( ! ,national ,association ( ,jewell]s at ! meet+ 9 ,kansas ,city ,augu/1 #aiab1 x c sc>cely be said to (f] a satisfactory solution ( ! "q1 :i* has its importance n only f a comm]cial po9t ( view1 b also because ! idea t bir?-/ones possess a c]ta9 indef9able1 b none ! less real significance1 has long be5 pres5t & /ill ex]cises a spell ov] ! m9ds ( all :o are gift$ ) a t\* ( imag9ation1 or romance1 if y w4 ,! long+ = some?+ t appeals to ?is s5se is mu* m g5]al ?an is commonly suppos$1 & is a n unnatural reaction aga9/ ! progress ( mat]ialism1 aga9/ ! ass]tion t !re is no?+ 9 heav5 or e>? b :at we c def9itely appreh5d ?r\gh our s5ses4 ,x is ?is p]suasion t %\ld be *iefly consid]$ 9 any attempt to tamp] ) ! traditional attribution ( ! /ones to p>ticul> mon?s or to ! zodiacal signs4 ,once we all[ ! _s ( comm]cialism pure & simple to dictate ! *oice ( su* /ones1 accord+ to ! mom5t>y int]e/ ( deal]s1 !re is grave dang] t ! only true inc5tive to acquire bir?-/ones w be weak5$ & p w lose int]e/ 9 !m4 ,s5tim5t1 true s5tim5t1 is "o ( ! be/ ?+s 9 human nature4 ,:ile if d>k5$ by fe> x may lead to pessimism1 ) all ! evils :i* su* a /ate ( m9d implies1 if illum9$ by hope x gives to humanity a bright] =eca/ ( ! future1 an optimism t helps p ov] difficult passages 9 _! lives4 ,?us1 s5tim5t mu/ n be neglect$1 & no?+ is m likely to de/roy x ?an ! conviction t x is be+ con/antly exploit$ = purposes ( comm]cialism4 ,= ?is reason1 ! int]e/ z well z ! incl9ation ( all :o are conc]n$ 9 ?is "q ( bir?-/ones %\ld induce a v c>eful h&l+ ( ! subject4 ,q true x is t !re are n[1 & h be5 9 ! pa/1 sev]al li/s ( ^! /ones1 diff]+ slightly f "o ano!r1 b all are bas$ ess5tially ei!r ^u ! li/ ( f\ndation /ones giv5 9 ,revelation 7xxi1 #ai7 or ^u t ( ! gems adorn+ ! brea/plate ( ,a>on & enum]at$ 9 ,exodus 7xxxix1 #aj-ac74 ,= conv5i5t ref]5ce1 we give ! latt] accord+ to ! ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion ( ! ,scriptures1 & also z correct$ by lat] rese>*1 & ! =m] accord+ to ! ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion4 ,brea/plate4 ,f\ndation ,/ones4 ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion4 ,lat] ,correction4 ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion4 ,i ,s>dius ,c>nelian ,jasp] ,,ii ,topaz ,*rysolite ,sapphire 7p]idot7 ,,iii ,c>buncle ,em]ald ,*alc$ony ,,iv ,em]ald ,ruby ,em]ald ,v ,sapphire ,lapis-lazuli ,s>donyx ,,vi ,diamond ,onyx ,s>dius ,,vii ,ligure ,sapphire ,*rysolite ,,viii ,agate ,agate ,b]yl ,,ix ,ame?y/ ,ame?y/ ,topaz ,x ,b]yl ,topaz ,*rysoprasus ,,xi ,onyx ,b]yl ,jac9? ,,xii ,jasp] ,jasp] ,ame?y/ ,:ile ! arrangem5t diff]s 9 ,revelation1 ! /ones are ne>ly id5tical4 ,= *alc$onius1 we %\ld probably read c>*$onius1 a "n ( ! ruby2 s>donyx is ! onyx ( ,exodus2 ! jac9? 7sapphire7 is probably ! 8ligure02 ! sapphire 0 ! lapis-lazuli1 & s>dius is equival5t to c>nelian4 ,!re ?us rema9s only ! *rysoprase1 :i* = "s reason has sub/itut$ ! agate4 ,9 ! ev5tual association ( ! f\ndation /ones ) ! mon?s1 ! fir/1 ! jasp]1 0 assign$ to ,m>*1 ) :i* mon? ! ye> 0 reckon$ to beg94 ,! li/ sugge/$ & adopt$ 9 ,kansas ,city reads z foll[s3 ,mon?4 ,bir?-/one4 ,alt]nate ,/one4 ,janu>y ,g>net ,febru>y ,ame?y/ ,m>* ,blood/one ,aquam>9e ,april ,diamond ,may ,em]ald ,june ,pe>l ,moon/one ,july ,ruby ,augu/ ,s>donyx ,p]idot ,septemb] ,sapphire ,octob] ,opal ,t\rmal9e ,novemb] ,topaz ,decemb] ,turquoise ,lapis-lazuli ,among ! _m *anges 9 ?is li/ f t habitually foll[$1 x w be not$ t ! ruby is transf]r$ f ,decemb] to ,july1 *ang+ places ) ! turquoise1 :i* became ! gem ( ,decemb]4 ,?is has be5 favor$ on ! gr\nd t ! w>m]-color$ gem 0 be/ adapt$ = a ,july bir?-/one1 :ile ! pal] turquoise 0 be/ suit$ to a w9t] mon?1 :5 ! sun's rays are feeble4 ,! contr>y1 h[ev]1 is true2 = x is 9 w9t] t we seek = w>m?1 :ile 9 ! heat ( summ] no?+ is m grateful ?an coolness4 ,?is transposition is1 9 effect1 simply a return to ! ord]+ ( ^! /ones 9 ! ,poli% li/1 :i* may p]haps h become popul> 9 ,europe 9 ! eighte5? c5tury ?r\gh ,m>ie ,lecz9ska1 ! que5 ( ,l\is ,,xv4 ,ano!r undesirable *ange takes ! *rysolite 7p]idot7 f ! place x has always occupi$ z ! gem ( ,septemb]1 & makes ( x an alt]nate = ,augu/1 ) ! s>donyx1 :ile ! sapphire1 prop]ly ! gem = ,april1 is made ! bir?-/one = ,septemb]4 ,= ,octob] nei!r ! t\rmal9e nor ! opal is z appropriate z ! b]yl1 :ile = ,june we %\ld pref] ! a/]ia to ! moon/one z a sub/itute = ! pe>l4 ,?is sugge/$ radical *ange or violation _c be p]mitt$4 ,! "t-honor$ ord]+ is famili> n[ to all :o are int]e/$ 9 ! matt]1 & any *ange1 ev5 if "o app>5tly = ! bett]1 is liable to di/urb ! popul> confid5ce 9 ^? :o are suppos$ to be famili> ) ! subject4 ,above all1 !re %\ld be no duplication or triplication ( bir?-/ones = any giv5 mon?1 ! *oice betwe5 a bir?-/one or an a/ral or zodiacal /one or ! comb9ation ( ^! af=d+ all ! v>iety t is necess>y or %\ld be desir$4 ,z ! diamond does n appe> to h be5 kn[n to ! anci5ts & is n giv5 9 any ( ! li/s ( bir?-/ones be=e ! la/ c5tury1 & z diamonds1 l gold & plat9um1 may easily be us$ z accessories to o!r /ones1 w\ld x n p]haps be bett] to omit ! diamond f ! li/ ( ! /ones ( ! mon?s1 & r use ^! gems z a bord]+ or o!r ornate addition to ! /one ( ! mon?8 ,! pe>l1 :i* is n a /one 9 any s5se ( ! ^w1 %\ld n appe> 9 ! li/ at all2 b x c be worn 9 "s device sugge/+ a s5tim5t1 z1 = in/ance1 an emblem ( purity1 etc4 ,! t\rmal9e1 z a gem only kn[n 9 mod]n times or s9ce ! eighte5? c5tury1 seems out ( place 9 ! li/ ( bir?-/ones1 :i* ought only to comprise preci\s or semi-preci\s /ones :i* h be5 kn[n & worn f anci5t times4 8,a/ral /ones0 or 8zodiacal /ones0 are t]ms us$ to designate ^? gems :i* 7 believ$ to be peculi>ly & my/ically relat$ to ! zodiacal signs4 ,:ile ^! signs con/itute a twelve-fold division ( ! ye> j z d ! mon?s1 !y d n exactly co9cide ) ! latt] z n[ reckon$1 b ov]lap !m1 s t ! sign ,aqu>ius1 = in/ance1 cov]s ! p]iod f ,janu>y #ba to ,febru>y #bj1 t ( ,pisces f ,febru>y #ba to ,m>* #bj1 t ( ,aries1 ! spr+ sign1 f ,m>* #ba to ,april #bj1 & s on d[n to ,capricornus1 :i* beg9s at ! w9t] sol/ice4 ,?us1 e necess>y opportunity is af=d$ = enl>g+ ! selection ( natal /ones :ile pres]v+ ! traditional ord] ( ^? appropriate to ! mon?s1 an ord] :i* 9 its orig9 dates back to ! e>ly ,*ri/ian c5turies & :i*1 f ! close relation ) ! sacr$ gems ( ! ,scriptures1 x seems almo/ sacrilegi\s to violate by arbitr>y *anges4 ,illu/ration3 ,,c>nelian1 ,,engrav$ ,,) ,,! ,,zodiacal ,,signs1 ,,taurus1 ,,leo ,,& ,,capricorn2 ,,9 ,,! ,,c5tre ,a ,,six-,,ray$ ,,/>1 ,,! ,,=m ,,( ,,"o ,,( ,,^! ,,rays ,,d5ot+ ,a ,,comet4 7,see p4 #cda47 ,ref]r$ to ! nativity ( ,augu/us & to a comet :i* appe>$ %ortly aft] ! assass9ation ( ,julius ,cs>4 ,f ,de ,mairan's 8,lettres au ,r4 ,p4 ,p>r5910 ,p>is1 #aggj1 opp4 p4 #bgd4 ,!n1 9 addition1 we h ! 8talismanic gems10 or ! /ones ( ! twelve gu>dian angels1 "o set ov] all ^? born 9 ea* mon?4 ,"h we h ano!r "t-honor$ li/1 diff]+ f ei!r ( ^? m5tion$ above1 s t1 9 almo/ if n q e case1 ea* p]son has ! *oice betwe5 ?ree diff]5t /ones z 8bir?-/ones10 or c h !m comb9$ 9 an arti/ic jewel s z to pr(it by all ! favorable influ5ces promis$ by ! old au?orities ,?us1 !re is absolutely no excuse = play+ fa/ & loose ) an anci5t1 popul>1 & quasi-religi\s belief 9 ! special virtue ( "o p>ticul> /one = ea* mon?1 & t "o ! gem long prescrib$ by usage ,z x might seem appropriate t "o born 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates %\ld we> a gem f among ^? :i* our c\ntry furni%es1 ! foll[+ li/ 0 "s "t s9ce prep>$ by ! writ]1 n 9 any s5se z a sub/itute = ! real bir?-/ones1 b z possible accessory gems 7:5 !y 7 n id5tical71 gems :i* might be worn f a _s ( patriotism ,( c\rse :]e ! /one 9 "q is really t traditionally recomm5d$1 ! fact t x is at ! same "t an ,am]ican gem-/one is an add$ argum5t 9 its favor ,mon?4 ,/ones4 ,:]e f\nd4 ,janu>y ,g>net1 rhodolite ,montana1 ,new ,mexico1 ,arizona1 ,nor? ,c>ol9a ,febru>y ,ame?y/ ,nor? ,c>ol9a1 ,georgia1 ,virg9ia ,m>* ,cali=nite ,cali=nia ,april ,sapphire ,montana1 ,idaho ,may ,gre5 t\rmal9e ,lake ,sup]ior ,june ,moss-agate ,cali=nia1 ,montana1 ,wyom+1 ,arizona ,july ,turquoise ,new ,mexico1 ,cali=nia1 ,arizona ,augu/ ,gold5 b]yl ,cali=nia1 ,connecticut1 ,nor? ,c>ol9a ,septemb] ,kunzite ,cali=nia ,octob] ,aquam>9e ,nor? ,c>ol9a1 ,ma9e1 ,cali=nia ,novemb] ,topaz ,utah1 ,cali=nia1 ,ma9e ,decemb] ,rubellite ,montana ,! ye> is divid$ into f\r seasons or cycles1--spr+1 summ]1 fall1 & w9t]1--& ea* season has its p>ticul> gem ,! em]ald is ! gem ( ! spr+1 ! ruby ! gem ( summ]1 ! sapphire ! gem ( autumn1 & ! diamond ! gem ( w9t] ,= spr+1 no preci\s /one is m appropriate ?an ! em]ald4 ,its beautiful color is t ( ,nature1 = ,nature clo!s h]self ) gre5 :5 %e awak5s f h] long re/ ( w9t]4 ,hav+ deck$ h]self ) gre5 ( ! v>i\s t9ts & colors1 %e has select$ a backgr\nd by :i* a contra/ is made = ! fl[]s t come 9 ! spr+ & summ] & rip5 into fruit & se$s ( autumn4 ,to be a seasonable gem x mu/ be r>e1 & ! em]ald is r>e4 ,:e!r f\nd 9 ! m9es ( ,bogot1 :e!r m9$ 9 anci5t times at ,zab>ah 9 ,egypt1 or 9 ! pa/ c5tury 9 ! ,ural ,m\nta9s1 x has nev] be5 f\nd 9 abundance4 ,x is s(t] 9 color ?an ! ruby & less h>d 9 /ructure4 ,! ruby1 al?\gh z a natal /one x belongs to ,decemb]1 is ! gem ( summ]4 ,x is born 9 ! hot climates1--! pigeon's-blood ruby 9 ,burma1 ! pomegranate-r$ 9 ,ceylon1 & ! m g>net-hu$ type 9 ,siam1--^! ?ree equatorial c\ntries produce ! ruby4 ,^? ( l>ge size are always r>e1 & ?is is ! gem :i* ,job valu$ m highly ?an any o!r1 al?\gh 8g>net0 may p]haps be a bett] r5d]+4 ,x is on an equal plane 9 h>dness1 9 composition1 9 cry/all9e /ructure1 & 9 e way1 ) ! sapphire4 ,^! are si/] gems1 /ructurally alike1 yet v>y+ 9 complexion1 due to a slight diff]5ce :i* "s sci5ti/s ?9k is n ev5 dep5d5t ^u ! color+ matt]4 ,! sapphire--! gem ( autumn1 ! blue ( ! autumn sky--is a symbol ( tru?1 s9c]ity1 & con/ancy4 ,less vivid ?an its si/] gem1 ! ruby1 x typifies calm & tri$ affection1 n ard5t passion2 x is !re=e appropriate to ! autumn season1 :5 ! decl9+ sun no long] s5ds =? ! fi]y rays ( summ] b %9es ) a temp]$ brilliancy4 ,! diamond1 ! gem ( w9t]1 typify+ ! sun1 is ! gem ( light4 ,its color is t ( ice1 & z ! dewdrop or ! drop ( wat] f a m\nta9 /ream sp>kles 9 ! light ( ! sun1 z ! icicle sp>kles 9 w9t]1 & ! />s on a cold w9t] night1 s ! diamond sp>kles1 & x comb9es & contra/s ) all kn[n gems4 ,l light1 x illum9es !m j z ! sun does ! plants ( ! e>?4 ,! diamond1 ! gem ( light1 l light itself :5 brok5 into a spectrum1 gives u all kn[n colors1 & by comb9+ all ^! colors x gives u :ite4 ,l gold1 ! diamond 0 made r>e1 s t x mu/ be se>*$ =1 & ! m9es & deposits conta9 less ( ^! two sub/ances 9 a giv5 area ?an ( any o!r kn[n mat]ials4 ,x is ?irty to a hundr$ times m r>e ?an gold1 = if gold occurs "o "p 9 #bej1jjj1 x c sc>cely be work$ ) pr(it1 :ile ! diamond c be work$ to advantage :5 f\nd only "o "p 9 #aj1jjj1jjj1--yes1 ev5 "o "p 9 #be1jjj1jjj--;&1 l gold1 x sometimes spurs ! se>*] on to weal? or to ru94 ,z great nuggets ( gold h occasionally be5 f\nd1 s has a diamond be5 discov]$ l>ge en\gh to make ! greate/ rul] pause to pay its price1 & "o :i* x took an entire c\ntry to give to t rul] :o sways 8 sceptre ov] c\ntries 9 :i* ! _w's greate/ diamonds h be5 f\nd4 ,:5 ! ,god ( ! ,m9es call$ 8 c\rti]s to br+ him all kn[n gems1 he f\nd !m to be ( all colors & t9ts1 & ( v>y+ h>dnesses1 su* z ! ruby1 em]ald1 sapphire1 etc41 etc4 ,he took "o ( ea*2 he cru%$ !m2 he comp\nd$ !m1 & said3 8,let ?is be some?+ t w comb9e ! beauty ( all2 yet x mu/ be pure1 & x mu/ be inv9cible40 ,he spoke3 & lo6 ! diamond 0 born1 pure z ! dewdrop & inv9cible 9 h>dness2 b :5 its ray is resolv$ 9 ! spectrum1 x displays all ! colors ( ! gems f :i* x 0 made4 8,m9e10 said ! god1 8mu/ be ! gem ( ! univ]se2 = my que5 ,i w create "o t %all be ! greate/ gem ( ! sea10 & = h] he creat$ ! pe>l4 ,gems ( ,spr+ ,gems ( ,summ] ,ame?y/ ,zircon ,gre5 diamond ,g>net 7demantoid & ouv>ite7 ,*rysob]yl ,*rysob]yl 7alex&rite7 ,sp9el 7rubicelle7 ,sp9el ,p9k topaz ,p9k topaz ,oliv9e 7p]idot7 ,ruby ,em]ald ,fire opal ,gems ( ,autumn ,gems ( ,w9t] ,hyac9? ,diamond ,topaz ,rock-cry/al ,sapphire ,:ite sapphire ,jac9? ,turquoise ,cairngorm ,qu>tz ,adamant9e sp> ,moon/one ,t\rmal9e ,pe>l ,ori5tal *rysolite ,labradorite ,,s5tim5ts ,,( ,,! ,,mon?s ,,janu>y ,natal /one ,g>net4 ,gu>dian angel ,gabriel4 ,8 talismanic gem ,onyx4 ,special apo/le ,simon ,pet]4 ,8 gem ,jasp]4 ,zodiacal sign ,aqu>ius4 ,fl[] ,sn[drop4 ,no gems save g>nets %\ld be worn ,by h] :o 9 ?is mon? is born2 ,!y w insure h] con/ancy1 ,true fri5d%ip & fidelity4 ,! gleam+ g>net holds )9 its sway ,fai?1 con/ancy1 & tru? to "o alway4 ,,febru>y ,natal /one ,ame?y/4 ,gu>dian angel ,b>*iel4 ,8 talismanic gem ,jasp]4 ,special apo/le ,&rew4 ,8 gem ,c>buncle4 ,zodiacal sign ,pisces4 ,fl[] ,primrose4 ,! ,febru>y-born may f9d ,s9c]ity & peace ( m9d1 ,fre$om f passion & f c>e1 ,if %e an ame?y/ w we>4 ,let h] an ame?y/ b *]i% well1 ,& /rife & c>e c nev] ) h] dwell4 ,,m>* ,natal /one ,jasp]1 blood/one4 ,gu>dian ,angel ,mal*$iel4 ,8 talismanic gem ,ruby4 ,special apo/les ,james & ,john4 ,_! gem ,em]ald4 ,zodiacal sign ,aries4 ,fl[] ,ipoma1 violet4 ,:o on ?is _w ( ours h] eyes ,9 ,m>* fir/ op5s may be wise1 ,9 days ( p]il firm & brave1 ,we>s %e a blood/one to h] grave4 ,:o we>s a jasp]1 be life %ort or long1 ,w meet all dang]s brave & wise & /rong4 ,,april ,natal /one ,diamond1 sapphire4 ,gu>dian angel ,a%modei4 ,8 talismanic gem ,topaz4 ,special apo/le ,philip4 ,8 gem ,c>nelian4 ,zodiacal sign ,taurus4 ,fl[] ,daisy4 ,%e :o f ,april dates h] ye>s ,diamonds %\ld we>1 le/ bitt] te>s ,= va9 rep5tance fl[ ,?is /one ,emblem ( innoc5ce is kn[n4 ,innoc5ce1 rep5tance--sun & %[]-- ,! diamond or ! sapphire is h] d[]4 ,,may ,natal /one ,em]ald4 ,gu>dian angel ,amriel4 ,8 talismanic gem ,c>buncle4 ,special apo/le ,b>?olomew4 ,8 gem ,*rysolite4 ,zodiacal sign ,gem9i4 ,fl[] ,haw?orn4 ,:o fir/ beholds ! light ( day ,9 spr+'s sweet fl['ry mon? ( ,may1 ,& we>s an em]ald all h] life1 ,%all be a lov$ & happy wife4 ,no happi] wife & "m 9 ! l& ,?an %e ) em]ald %9+ on h] h&4 ,,june ,natal /one ,agate4 ,gu>dian angel ,muriel4 ,8 talismanic gem ,em]ald4 ,special apo/le ,?omas4 ,8 gem ,b]yl4 ,zodiacal sign ,canc]4 ,fl[] ,honeysuckle4 ,:o comes ) summ] to ?is e>?1 ,& owes to ,june h] h\r ( bir?1 ,) r+ ( agate on h] h& ,c heal?1 long life1 & weal? comm&4 ,?ro' ! moss-agate's *>m1 ! happy ye>s ,ne'er see ,june's gold5 sun%9e turn to te>s4 ,,july ,natal /one ,turquoise4 ,gu>dian angel ,v]*iel4 ,8 talismanic gem ,sapphire4 ,special apo/le ,mat!w4 ,8 gem ,topaz4 ,zodiacal sign ,leo4 ,fl[] ,wat]-lily4 ,! heav'n-blue turquoise %\ld adorn ,all ^? :o 9 ,july are born2 ,= ^? !y'll be exempt & free ,f love's d\bts & anxiety4 ,no o!r gem ?an turquoise on h] brea/ ,c to ! lov+1 d\bt+ he>t br+ re/4 ,,augu/ ,natal /one ,c>nelian4 ,gu>dian angel ,hamatiel4 ,8 talismanic gem ,diamond4 ,special apo/le ,james1 ! son ( ,alpheus4 ,8 gem ,s>donyx4 ,zodiacal sign ,virgo4 ,fl[] ,poppy4 ,we> a c>nelian or = !e ,no conjugal felicity2 ,! ,augu/-born )\t ?is /one1 ',tis said1 mu/ live unlov$1 alone4 ,%e1 lov+ once & always1 we>s1 if wise1 ,c>nelian--& h] home is p>adise4 ,,septemb] ,natal /one ,*rysolite4 ,gu>dian angel ,tsuriel4 ,8 talismanic gem ,jac9?4 ,special apo/le ,lebbeus ,?addeus4 ,8 gem ,*rysoprase4 ,zodiacal sign ,libra4 ,fl[] ,morn+-glory4 ,a maid born :5 ,septemb] leaves ,are ru/l+ 9 ! autumn breeze1 ,a *rysolite on br[ %\ld b9d-- ',twill cure diseases ( ! m9d4 ,if *rysolite ^u h] br[ is laid1 ,follies & d>k delusions flee afraid4 ,,octob] ,natal /one ,b]yl4 ,gu>dian angel ,b>iel4 ,8 talismanic gem ,agate4 ,special apo/le ,simon4 7,zelotes47 ,8 gem ,jac9?4 ,zodiacal sign ,scorpio4 ,fl[] ,hops4 ,octob]'s *ild is born = woe1 ,& life's vicissitudes mu/ "k2 ,b lay a b]yl on h] brea/1 ,& ,hope w lull ^? woes to re/4 ,:5 fair ,octob] to h] br+s ! b]yl1 ,no long] ne$ %e fe> mis=tune's p]il4 ,,novemb] ,natal /one ,topaz4 ,gu>dian angel ,adna*iel4 ,8 talismanic gem ,ame?y/4 ,special apo/le ,mat?ias4 ,8 gem ,ame?y/4 ,zodiacal sign ,sagitt>ius4 ,fl[] ,*rysan!mum4 ,:o fir/ comes to ?is _w bel[ ,) dre> ,novemb]'s fog & sn[ ,%\ld prize ! topaz's amb] hue-- ,emblem ( fri5ds & lov]s true4 ,firm fri5d%ip is ,novemb]'s1 & %e be>s ,true love b5ea? ! topaz t %e we>s4 ,,decemb] ,natal /one ,ruby4 ,gu>dian angel ,humiel4 ,8 talismanic gem ,b]yl4 ,special apo/le ,paul4 ,8 gem ,sapphire4 ,zodiacal sign ,capricornus4 ,fl[] ,holly4 ,if cold ,decemb] give y bir?-- ,! mon? ( sn[ & ice & mir?-- ,place on y\r h& a ruby true2 ,success w bless :ate'er y d4 ,decemb] gives h] =tune1 love & fame ,if amulet ( rubies be> h] "n4 ,illu/ration3 #a4 ,moss agate mo*a /one1 ,h9doo/an4 #b4 ,moss agate1 ,brazil1 ,s4 ,a4 ,a ,,h9du ,,li/ ,,( ,,gems ,,( ,,! ,,mon?s#dcg ,april ,diamond ,may ,em]ald ,june ,pe>l ,july ,sapphire ,augu/ ,ruby ,septemb] ,zircon ,octob] ,coral ,novemb] ,cat's-eye ,decemb] ,topaz ,janu>y ,s]p5t-/one ,febru>y ,*&rakanta ,m>* ,! gold ,siva-l+a ,:5 ! zodiacal signs 7 engrav$ on gems to give !m special virtues & r5d] !m ( great] efficacy = ^? born "u a giv5 sign1 ! ,hebrew *>act]s designat+ ! sign 7or at lea/ ! initial "*7 7 (t5 cut ^u ! gem4 ,z ! lett]s 9 :i* ! e>lie/ ( our sacr$ writ+s 7 writt51 a peculi> sanctity 0 (t5 ascrib$ to ^! ,hebrew *>act]s1 :i* 7 p]haps ! m highly valu$ t !y 7 unkn[n to ! own]s ( ! gems1 & h5ce possess$ a c]ta9 air ( my/]y = !m4 ,! subjo9$ li/ ( ! signs ) ! ,hebrew equival5ts may be ( int]e/ on ?is acc\nt4 ,,hebrew ,,names ,,( ,,! ,,signs ,,( ,,! ,,zodiac ,libra ,moznayim ,scorpio #8,akrab ,sagitt>ius e%et ,capricornus ,g$i ,aqu>ius ,deli ,pisces ,dagim ,aries aleh ,taurus ,%or ,gem9i ,te'omim ,canc] ,s>tan ,leo ,aryeh ,virgo ,betulah ,,gems ,,( ,,week ,,days ,sunday3 ,topaz--diamond4 ,! bairn t is born ,on ,sonnan's sweet day ,is bli! & is bonnie1 ,is happy & gay4 ,sunday's talismanic gem3 ! pe>l4 ,monday3 ,pe>l--cry/al4 ,! bairn t is born ,( ,monan's sweet race ,is lovely 9 feature ,& fair 9 ! face4 ,monday's talismanic gem3 ! em]ald4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,figures ,,( ,,! ,,planets ,,) ,,_! ,,significant ,,/ones4 ,old pr9t %[+ ! ,roman types ( ! days ( ! week & also ! /ones & zodiacal signs associat$ ) ea* day4 ,"h we h ,diana1 ) ! sign ( ,canc] & ! moon/one1 = ,monday2 ,m>s1 ) ! sign ,capricorn & ! jasp]1 = ,tuesday2 ,m]cury1 ) ,gem9i & ! rock-cry/al1 = ,w$nesday2 ,jupit]1 ) ,sagitt>ius & ,pisces & ! c>nelian1 = ,?ursday2 ,v5us1 ) ,taurus & ! em]ald1 = ,friday2 & ,saturn1 ) ,capricorn & ,aqu>ius & ! turquoise1 = ,saturday4 ,tuesday3 ,ruby--em]ald4 ,if ,tuisco assi/s ,& at bir? keeps apace1 ,! bairn w be born ,) a s\l full ( grace4 ,tuesday's talismanic gem3 ! topaz4 ,w$nesday3 ,ame?y/--load/one4 ,b if ,wod5 be !re1 ,_m te>s w he s[1 ,& ! bairn w be born ,b = sadness & woe4 ,w$nesday's talismanic gem3 ! turquoise4 ,?ursday3 ,sapphire--c>nelian4 ,jove's pres5ce at bir? ,means a long swa? to m[1 ,= if born on ,?or's day ,?\ ha/ f>1 f> to g4 ,?ursday's talismanic gem3 ! sapphire4 ,friday3 ,em]ald--cat's-eye4 ,if ,v5us %all bless !e1 ,?\ %alt bless _m liv+2 ,= ,friga's bairn truly ,is lov+ & giv+4 ,friday's talismanic gem3 ! ruby4 ,saturday3 ,turquoise--diamond4 ,seat]-daeg's bairn ,9 sweat %all be /riv+1 ,= ,saturn has doom$ x ,to "w = a liv+4 ,saturday's talismanic gem3 ! ame?y/4 ,no gems h af=d$ m int]e/ to ! ,ori5tal peoples ?an ^? t are kn[n z ph5om5al gems2 t is1 su* z exhibit a ph5om5al quality1 ei!r z a mov+ l9e z 9 ! *rysob]yl cat's-eye1 or ! qu>tz cat's-eye1 or z a />1 a class repres5t$ by ! />-sapphire & ! />-ruby1 all ^! be+ consid]$ to br+ good =tune to ! we>]4 ,a spl5did />-sapphire is 9 ! hilt ( ! sword pres5t$ z an ,ea/] gift to ,k+ ,con/ant9e ( ,greece1 !n ,pr9ce ,con/ant9e1 by ! ,greeks ( ,am]ica1 on ,ea/] ,day #aiac4dch ,?is ornate & beautiful sword 0 made by ,tiffany ,co4 ,!n !re is ! alex&rite cat's-eye :i*1 9 addition to its *atoyant effect1 *anges f gre5 to r$1 %[+ its natural color by day & gl[+ ) a ruddy hue by artificial light4 ,! cat's-eye effect "h is caus$ by a tw9n+ ( ! cry/al2 t is1 :5 ! gem is cut1 ) a dome1 across ! tw9n+ l9e1 ?is %[s itself z a smoo? b& ( :ite light1 ) a transluc5t or transp>5t space at "o side1 ! l9e v>y+ 9 %>pness & 9 bread? z ! illum9ation becomes m int5se4 ,if ! light is v bright1 ! l9e is no wid] ?an ! ?9ne/ possible silv] or plat9um wire4 ,! qu>tz cat's-eye1 less di/9ct ?an ! *rysob]yl cat's-eye1 is also f\nd 9 ! ,ea/1 & possesses ! prop]ty t :5 cut /raight across1 an app>5t /riation 9 ! /one produces ! cat's-eye effect1 b ! mat]ial is n s ri* or brilliant nor is ! gem z beautiful z is ! true cat's-eye4 ,! alex&rite v>iety ( *rysob]yl is color$ by *romium & is di*roitic1 appe>+ gre5 :5 view$ 9 "o direction & r$ 9 ano!r2 9 artificial light1 h[ev]1 ! gre5 color is lo/ & ! r$ alone becomes app>5t4 ,! moon/one1 ) its moonlike1 silv]y-:ite light1 *anges on ! surface z ! light v>ies4 ,?is is due to a *atoyancy produc$ by a reflection caus$ by c]ta9 cleavage planes pres5t 9 feldsp> ( ! v>iety to :i* ! moon/one belongs4 ,,ph5om5al ,,gems ,,= ,,! ,,days ,,( ,,! ,,week ,sunday ,sun/one ,monday ,moon/one ,tuesday ,/> sapphire ,w$nesday ,/> ruby ,?ursday ,cat's-eye ,friday ,alex&rite ,saturday ,labradorite ,fa%ion 9 "s p>ts ( ! ,ori5t dictates ! use ( special colors = raim5t & jewels to be worn on ! diff]5t days ( ! week4 ,9 ,siam deep r$ silks & rubies are appropriate = ,sunday we>2 :ite fabrics & moon/ones are prescrib$ = ,monday2 light r$ g>m5ts & coral ornam5ts are favor$ = ,tuesday2 /rip$ /uffs & jewels set ) ! cat's-eye are consid]$ ! prop] we> = ,w$nesday2 gre5 mat]ials & em]alds are decre$ = ,?ursday2 silv]-blue robes & ornam5ts set ) diamonds are *os5 = ,friday1 & on ,saturday ^? :o obey ! dictates ( fa%ion are clad 9 d>k blue g>m5ts & we> sapphires ( a simil> hue4 ,our age is n satisfi$ ) ! m>vell\s progress ( sci5ce1 :i* has r5d]$ possible ! realization ( _m ( ! old magicians' dreams4 ,9 spite ( ?is !re seems to be a gr[+ t5d5cy to revive _m ( ! old beliefs :i* appe>$ to h be5 def9itely disc>d$2 !re=e we ne$ n be surpris$ t ! n9ete5? c5tury (f]s u a "w on ! magic art1 writt5 precisely 9 ! _s t animat$ an ,agrippa or a ,porta 9 ! fifte5? & sixte5? c5turies4#dci ,?is "w gives elaborate directions z to ! mann] 9 :i* ! 8,magus0 %\ld proce$ to p]=m 8 magic rites4 ,ea* day has its special & peculi> ritual4 ,sunday is ! day = ! 8,works ( ,light10 & on ?is day a purple robe %\ld be worn & a ti>a & bracelets ( gold2 ! r+ plac$ on ! f+] ( ! op]ator %\ld be ( gold & set ) a *rysolite or a ruby4 ,a :ite robe ) silv] /ripes is to be worn on ,monday1 ! day ( ! 8,works ( ,div9ation & ,my/]y10 & ! high-prie/ ( ! my/]ies we>s ov] 8 robe a triple necklace ( pe>ls1 8cry/als10 & sel5ites2 ! ti>a %\ld be cov]$ ) yell[ silk1 & be> 9 silv] *>act]s ! ,hebrew monogram ( ,gabriel1 z giv5 by ,cornelius ,agrippa 9 8 8,occult ,philosophy40 ,tuesday is assign$ to ! 8,works ( ,wra?10 & on ?is day ! robe mu/ be r$1 ! color ( fire & blood1 ) a belt & bracelets ( /eel2 ! ti>a %\ld h a circlet ( iron1 & a sword or a /ylus is to be us$ 9 place ( a w&2 ! r+ is set ) an ame?y/4 ,! day = ! 8,works ( ,sci5ce0 is ,w$nesday1 :5 a gre5 robe is worn & a necklace ( holl[ glass beads1 fill$ ) quicksilv]2 ! r+ is adorn$ ) an agate4 ,on ,?ursday1 appo9t$ = ! 8,works ( ,religion or ,politics10 a sc>let robe is worn2 ^u ! =ehead ( ! op]ator is b\nd a plate ( t91 engrav$ ) ! symbol ( ! planet ,jupit] & v>i\s my/ic *>act]s2 ! r+ be>s ei!r an em]ald or a sapphire4 ,friday1 ! day ( ,v5us1 is naturally d$icat$ to ! 8,works ( ,love10 & ! celebrant we>s a sky-blue robe2 8 r+ %[s a turquoise1 & 8 ti>a is set ) lapis-lazuli & b]yl4 ,! 8,works ( ,m\rn+0 belong to ,saturday1 :5 a black or a br[n robe is worn1 embroid]$ 9 orange-color$ silk ) my/ic *>act]s2 f ! neck ( ! op]ator hangs a lead5 m$al1 be>+ ! symbol ( ! planet ,saturn1 & on 8 f+] is a r+ set ) an onyx1 ^u :i* a d\ble-fac$ ,janus has be5 engrav$ :ile ,saturn 0 9 ! asc5dant4 ,,gems ,,( ,,! ,,h\rs ,,h\rs ,,( ,,! ,,day ,,h\rs ,,( ,,! ,,night #g ,*rysolite #g ,s>donyx #h ,ame?y/ #h ,*alc$ony #i ,kunzite #i ,jade #aj ,sapphire #aj ,jasp] #aa ,g>net #aa ,load/one #ab ,diamond #ab ,onyx #a ,jac9? #a ,morion #b ,em]ald #b ,hematite #c ,b]yl #c ,mala*ite #d ,topaz #d ,lapis-lazuli #e ,ruby #e ,turquoise #f ,opal #f ,t\rmal9e ,,w$d+ ,,anniv]s>ies #a ,pap] #ai ,hyac9? #b ,calico #bj ,*9a #c ,l95 #bc ,sapphire #d ,silk #be ,silv] #e ,wood #bf ,/> sapphire1 blue#ddj #f ,c&y #cj ,pe>l #g ,floral #ce ,coral #h ,lea!r #ci ,cat's-eye#ddj #i ,/raw #dj ,ruby #aj ,t9 #de ,alex&rite #ab ,agate #ej ,gold #ac ,moon/one#ddj #eb ,/> ruby#ddj #ad ,moss agate #ee ,em]ald #ae ,rock-cry/al1 glass #fj ,diamond1 yell[ #af ,topaz #fe ,/> sapphire1 gray#ddj #ag ,ame?y/ #fg ,/> sapphire1 purple #ah ,g>net #ge ,diamond ,x ,planet>y & ,a/ral ,influ5ces ( ,preci\s ,/ones ,! talismanic influ5ce ( ! /ones associat$ ) ! planets & also ) ! signs ( ! zodiac is closely connect$ ) ! e>ly ideas reg>d+ ! =mation ( preci\s /ones4 ,9 an old "w on ! occult prop]ties ( gems we read3 ,! nature ( ! magnet is 9 ! iron1 & ! nature ( ! iron is 9 ! magnet1 & ! nature ( bo? pol> />s is 9 bo? iron & magnet1 & h5ce ! nature ( ! iron & ! magnet is also 9 bo? pol> />s1 & s9ce !y are ,m>tian1 t is to say1 _! region belongs to ,m>s1 s d bo? iron & magnet belong to ,m>s4 ,! au?or !n proce$s to describe an analog\s relation betwe5 a man & any natural object or product to :i* 8 imag9ation draws him1 & %[s t1 if ?is object be "o t /&s 9 a sympa!tic relation ) ! /> b5ea? :i* ! man 0 born1 ! man1 ! />1 & ! object w con/itute a triplicity ( great utility4 ,z an explanation ( ! peculi>ly intimate relation betwe5 />s & preci\s /ones we read1 on page #ab3 ,metals & preci\s /ones usually lie ) _! fir/ se$s deep d[n 9 ! e>? & require cont9u\s moi/ure & a mild heat4 ,?is !y obta9 ?r\gh a reflection ( ! sun & ! o!r />s 9 ! manifold movem5t ( ! heav5s4444 ,!re=e1 also1 ! metals & preci\s /ones are ne>e/ relat$ to ! planets & ! />s1 s9ce ^! influ5ce !m mo/ pot5tly & produce _! peculi> qualities1 = !y are endur+ & un*angeable & %[ !re9 _! concordance ) ! />s & ! planets4#dda ,h5ce x is t ! influ5ce ov] human =tunes ascrib$ by a/rology to ! heav5ly bodies is conceiv$ to be /r5g!n$ by we>+ ! gem appropriate to c]ta9 planets or signs1 = a subtle emanation has pass$ into ! /one & radiates f x4 ,a comb9ation ( sev]al diff]5t /ones1 ea* p>tak+ ( ?is special quality1 0 believ$ to h an influ5ce simil> to t ex]cis$ by sev]al planets 9 conjunction1--t is1 gr\p$ 9 ! same 8h\se0 or division ( ! heav5s4 ,! same is true ( ! /ones d$icat$ to ! gu>dian angels2 ! color & appe>ance ( ! /one 0 n m]ely emblematic ( ! angel1 b1 by its sympa!tic quality1 x 0 suppos$ to attract 8 influ5ce & to provide a m$ium = ! transmission ( 8 b5efic5t =ce to ! we>]4 ,! :ole !ory1 :e!r consci\sly or unconsci\sly1 re/$ on ! idea ( h>mony1 ( ! accord ( c]ta9 e!real vibrations1 ei!r ^? ( ! visible light ( ! />s & planets or ! purely psy*ic emanations f ! spiritual 8p[]s & pr9cipalities40 ,! we>+ ( ! appropriate zodiacal gem 0 always believ$ to /r5g!n ! influ5ce ( ! zodiacal sign ^u ^? born "u x1 & to af=d a sympa!tic m$ium = ! transmission ( ! /ell> influ5ces4 ,! gem 0 ?us some?+ m ?an a m]e symbol ( ! sign4 ,! same 0 true ( ! /one ( ! sa9t :o rul$ ! mon? & t ( ! holy gu>dian angel set ov] ^? born 9 ! mon?4 ,9 ea* & e case ! mat]ial =m & color ( ! /one 0 believ$ to attract ! favor & grace ( ! sa9t or angel1 :o w\ld see 9 ! selection ( ! appropriate gem an act ( respect & v5]ation on ! "p ( ! we>]4 ,! old writ]s are nev] tir$ ( insi/+ ^u ! idea t1 :ile ! image grav5 ^u a /one 0 9 itself dead & inactive1 ! influ5ce ( ! />s dur+ ^: asc5dancy ! "w _h be5 execut$ communicat$ to ! in]t mat]ial talismanic qualities & virtues :i* x be=e lack$4 ,9 ^! in/ances ! images c\ld be reg>d$ z outw>d & visible signs ( ! planet>y or zodiacal influ5ce4 ,ev5 9 ! case ( ! bezo> /one1 a g5]ally recogniz$ antidote = all sorts ( poisons1 x 0 held t ! scorpion's bite c\ld be mo/ effectually heal$ by a bezo> ^u :i* ?is creature's figure _h be5 cut dur+ ! "t :5 ! con/ellation ,scorpio 0 9 ! asc5dancy4#ddb ,9 ! production ( engrav$ /ones to s]ve z amulets1 ! influ5ce ( ! respective planet 0 made to ent] ! /one by ca/+ ^u ! latt]1 dur+ ! process ( engrav+1 reflections f a mirror :i* _h be5 expos$ to ! planet's rays4 ,9 addition to ?is1 ! "w 0 execut$ :ile ! planet 0 9 ! asc5dant1 & ! design 0 emblematic ( x4 ,) ^! comb9$ influ5ces ! gem 0 believ$ to be ?or\ghly impregnat$ ) ! planet>y virtue4#ddc ,an old writ] f9ds 9 ! h>dness ( preci\s /ones a reason = _! reta9+ long] ! cele/ial virtues !y receive4 ,aft] !y h be5 extract$ ^! virtues p]si/ 9 !m & !y keep 8! traces & gifts ( mundane life :i* !y possess$ :ile cl++ to ! e>?40#ddd ,^! 8gifts ( mundane life0 signify ! /or$-up en]gy d]iv$ f ! />s & planets1 :i* p5etrates ! matt] ( ! /one1 & ea* /one is peculi>ly s5sitive to ! emanations f a c]ta9 planet1 />1 or gr\p ( />s4 ,a f9e c>nelian gem engrav$ ) a design consi/+ ( a /> surr\nd$ by ! images ( a ram1 a bull1 & a lion1 is describ$ by ,m4 ,mairan4#dde ,he sees 9 ! /> ! emblem ( ! spl5did comet :i* appe>$ %ortly aft] ! assass9ation ( ,cs>1 & :i*1 accord+ to ,suetonius1 0 believ$ to be ! s\l ( ,cs> newly receiv$ into ! sky2 ! ram1 bull1 & lion are ! symbols ( ! zodiacal signs ,aries1 ,taurus1 & ,leo1 ! fir/-nam$ sign ref]r+ p]haps to ! dea? ( ,cs> on ! ,ides1 or fifte5? ( ,m>*2 :ile ! o!r two signs may allude to ! position ( ! comet at diff]5t dates4 ,9 ! ,cab9et du ,roi1 9 ,p>is1 !re 0 an engrav$ c>nelian1 ! design %[+ ,jupit] en?ron$1 ) ?und]bolt & sceptre1 & ,m>s & ,m]cury /&+ on ei!r side ( ! c5tral figure4 ,sep>at$ f ! gods ( ! upp] air by a b[1 probably repres5t+ ! ar* ( ! sky1 appe>s ! bu/ ( ,neptune1 em]g+ f ! sea4 ,! bord] ( ! design is =m$ by ! twelve signs ( ! zodiac1 ,virgo be+ ( an unusual type1--! virg9 & a unicorn1--said to h be5 us$ only dur+ ! reign ( ,domitian 7#ha-if ,a4,d474#ddf ,"s *oice examples ( a/rological gems may be se5 9 ! ,metropolitan ,museum ( ,art1 ,new ,york2 among ^! is a gre5 jasp] be>+ symbols ( ,luna1 ,capricorn1 & ,taurus4 ,?is gem is f ! collection ( ! late ,rev4 ,c4 ,w4 ,k+1 :i* has be5 acquir$ = ! ,museum1 & is describ$ z figur+ ! horoscope ( ! own]4 ,9 ! same collection is a b&$ agate engrav$ ) ,sagitt>ius z a c5taur1 surr\nd$ by ! />s ( ?is con/ellation 9 _! prop] ord]4 ,k+ /ates t ?is 0 ! e>lie/ horoscopical gem kn[n to him4 ,/ill ano!r gem ( ?is collection is a s>d be>+ ! symbol ( ,aries c>ry+ a long caduceus2 ?is type appe>s on ! co9s ( ,antio*1 because t city 0 f\nd$ 9 ! mon? ov] :i* ! sign ,aries presides4#ddg ,! ,au/rian ,imp]ial ,collection 9 ,vi5na conta9s ! celebrat$ ,gemma ,augu/ea1 sometimes call$ ! ,apo!osis ( ,augu/us4 ,?is commemorates ! ,pannonian triumph ( ,tib]ius1 #ac ,a4,d41 & above ! figure ( ,augu/us appe>s ! sign ( ,capricornus1 ! con/ellation ( 8 nativity2 b5ea? ! figure ( ,tib]ius is engrav$ ! sign ( ,scorpio1 "u :i* t emp]or 0 born4 ,?is celebrat$ cameo1 ! "w ( ! fam\s gem-engrav] ,dioskorides1 is m5tion$ 9 an inv5tory ( ! treasury ( ,/4 ,s]n91 9 ,t\l\se1 dat$ #abdf4 ,x is said to h be5 (f]$ by ,francis ,i ( ,france to ,pope ,clem5t ,,vii1 on ! occasion ( _! meet+ 9 ,m>seilles 9 #aece2 h[ev]1 z ! gem only rea*$ ,m>seilles two days aft] ! pope's dep>ture1 ,francis decid$ to reta9 possession ( x4 ,! royal treasure at ,fonta9ebleau 0 plund]$ 9 #aeij1 & ! /one 0 (f]$ = sale1 & 0 pur*as$1 9 #afai1 by ,emp]or ,rudolph ,,ii1 = ! sum ( #ab1jjj ducats4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,zodiacal ,,/ones ,,) ,,_! ,,signs4 ,old pr9t illu/rat+ ! influ5ce believ$ to be ex]t$ on ! diff]5t p>ts ( ! body by ! respective zodiacal signs1 & ?r\gh _! p[] by ! /ones associat$ ) !m4 ,?is belief (t5 det]m9$ ! adm9i/ration ( special preci\s-/one rem$ies by physicians ( ! sev5te5? & e>li] c5turies4 ,a ruby call$ s&a/ros is describ$ by ,pl9y z conta9+ /ellat$ bodies :i* he comp>es to ! ,hyades2 h5ce1 says he1 !y are ! objects ( great devotion ) ! ,*aldi or ,assyrian ,magi4 ,accord+ to ,morales 7,de las pi$ras preciosas71 ! ruby & ! diamond 7 bo? "u ! influ5ce ( ! sign ( ,taurus2 ! same writ] in=ms u t ! ,hyades & ! sun 7 suppos$ to h a pot5t effect ^u ! ruby or c>buncle4 ,9 anci5t ,babylonia ! sign ( ,taurus 0 reg>d$ z ! mo/ important1 & ,w9ckl] believes t ! pres5ce 9 ?is sign ( ! five />s ( ! ,hyades & ! sev5 ( ! ,pleiades 0 br\ght into connection ) ! twelve-fold division ( ! zodiac4 ,! ,hyades signifi$ ! five signs visible 9 ,babylonia at ! summ] sol/ice1 :ile ! ,pleiades typifi$ ! sev5 invisible signs4 ,x seems probable t ! ,pleiades 7 associat$ ) ! diamond1 al?\gh ,morales1 :o 0 v famili> ) ! ,moori% a/rology curr5t among ! ,spani>ds ( 8 "t1 attribut$ ! cry/al to ?is gr\p4 ,8 attribution proves at lea/ t ! /one ( ! ,pleiades 0 a colorless "o4 ,9 ,sanskrit ! diamond is call$ vajra1 8?und]bolt10 & also indrjudha1 8,indra's weapon02 ano!r "n is aira1 8fire10 or 8! ,sun40#ddh ,all ^! designations are probably sugge/$ by ! brilliant fla%es ( light emitt$ by ?is /one4 ,x is n easy to det]m9e ! reason t induc$ ! ,h9dus to d$icate ! diamond to ! planet ,v5us r ?an to ! ,sun or to ! ,moon4 ,h[ev]1 z ! mo/ brilliant ( ! planets1 ,v5us 0 n unwor?y ( ! honor1 & if we sub/itute ! ,goddess ( ,love = h] planet1 x seems q appropriate t %e %\ld be adorn$ ) ! mo/ brilliant ( preci\s /ones4 ,c]ta9ly ^! sp>kl+ gems are (t5 en\gh (f]$ at ! %r9e ( ,v5us 9 our own day1 & !y (t5 s]ve to w9 ! good graces ( ! div9ity to :om !y are pres5t$4 ,! ,sanskrit "n = ! sapphire1 nla1 signifies 8blue10 s t1 z ! topaz is ! 8yell[ /one0 p> excell5ce1 ! sapphire is ! blue /one 7nilaman74 ,9 bo? cases ! "n indicates a v>iety ( corundum1 di/+ui%$ m]ely by ! color+ matt]4 ,z a talisman ! ,h9dus believ$ t ! sapphire r5d]$ ! planet ,saturn favorable to ! we>]1 an important consid]ation f ! a/rological po9t ( view1 = ,saturn's influ5ce 0 g5]ally suppos$ to be unfavorable4 ,! ,h9dus di/+ui%$ f\r classes ( sapphires1 correspond+ to ! f\r ca/es3 ,brahm9s1 ,k%atriyas1 ,vaisyas1 & ,sudras4 ,! respective sapphires 7 light blue1 r$di% blue1 yell[i% blue1 & d>k blue4 ,! same di/9ction is made 9 ! case ( ! diamond1 & a l rule applies to bo? /ones1 namely1 t only ! appropriate /one %\ld be worn by ! memb]s ( ea* ca/e1 9 ord] to pr(it by ! virtues inh]5t 9 ! sapphire or diamond4#ddi ,"o ( ! ,sanskrit appellations ( ! hyac9? 7zircon7 is rhuratna1--t is1 ! jewel d$icat$ to ! my/]i\s 8dragon10 t 0 suppos$ to be ! cause ( ! p]iodic eclipses ( ! ,sun & ,moon4#dej ,z ! /one 0 sacr$ to ?is malevol5t influ5ce1 we ne$ n be surpris$ t x 0 believ$ to av]t mis=tune1 = no?+ 0 s effective aga9/ ! less] spirits ( evil z an evil g5ius ( great p[]4 ,accord+ to ! ,h9du my/ics x 0 v lucky to h a turquoise at h& at ! "t ( ! new moon1 = :oev]1 aft] fir/ look+ at ! moon on ! pratipada 7! fir/ day aft] new-moon71 %\ld ca/ 8 eyes ^u a turquoise1 0 de/9$ to enjoy immeasurable weal?4#dea ,,zodiacal ,,gems ,aqu>ius4 ,janu>y #ba to ,febru>y #ba4 ,! ,g>net4 ,if y w\ld *]i% fri5d%ip true1 ,9 ,aqu>ius well y'll d ,to we> ?is gem ( w>me/ hue-- ,! g>net4 ,pisces4 ,febru>y #ba to ,m>* #ba4 ,! ,ame?y/4 ,f passion & f c>e kept free ,%all ,pisces' *ildr5 ev] be ,:o we> s all ! _w may see ,! ame?y/4 ,aries4 ,m>* #ba to ,april #bj4 ,! ,blood/one4 ,:o on ?is _w ( ours 8 eyes ,9 ,aries op5s %all be wise ,if always on 8 h& !re lies ,a blood/one4 ,taurus4 ,april #bj to ,may #ba4 ,! ,sapphire4 ,if on y\r h& ?is /one y b9d1 ,y 9 ,taurus born w f9d ',twill cure diseases ( ! m9d1 ,! sapphire4 ,gem9i4 ,may #ba to ,june #ba4 ,! ,agate4 ,gem9i's *ildr5 heal? & weal? comm&1 ,& all ! ills ( age )/&1 ,:o we> _! r+s on ei!r h& ,( agate4 ,canc]4 ,june #ba to ,july #bb4 ,! ,em]ald4 ,if born 9 ,canc]'s sign1 !y say1 ,y\r life w joyful be alway1 ,if y take ) y on y\r way ,an em]ald4 ,leo4 ,july #bb to ,augu/ #bb4 ,! ,onyx4 ,:5 y\? to manhood %all h gr[n1 ,"u ,leo lorn & lone ',twill h liv$ b = ?is /one1 ,! onyx4 ,virgo4 ,augu/ #bb to ,septemb] #bb4 ,! ,c>nelian4 ,success w bless :ate'er y d1 ,?r\gh ,virgo's sign1 if only y ,place on y\r h& h] own gem true1 ,c>nelian4 ,libra4 ,septemb] #bb to ,octob] #bc4 ,! ,*rysolite4 ,?r\gh ,libra's sign x is q well ,to free y\rself f evil spell1 ,= 9 h] gem surcease do? dwell1 ,! *rysolite4 ,scorpio4 ,octob] #bc to ,novemb] #ba4 ,! ,b]yl4 ,?r\gh ,scorpio ?is gem s fair ,is t :i* e "o %\ld we>1 ,or te>s ( sad rep5tance be>1-- ,! b]yl4 ,sagitt>ius4 ,novemb] #ba to ,decemb] #ba4 ,! ,topaz4 ,:o fir/ comes to ?is _w bel[ ,"u ,sagitt>ius %\ld "k ,t _! true gem %\ld ev] %[ ,a topaz4 ,capricorn4 ,decemb] #ba to ,janu>y #ba4 ,! ,ruby4 ,^? :o live 9 ,capricorn ,no tr\ble %all _! br[s adorn ,if !y ?is gl[+ gem h worn1 ,! ruby4 ,an old ,spani% li/ ( ! gems ( ! zodiacal signs diff]s f ^? giv5 above1 & probably repres5ts ,arab tradition3#deb ,aries--,cry/al ,taurus--,ruby & diamond ,gem9i--,sapphire ,canc]--,agate & b]yl ,leo--,topaz ,virgo--,magnet ,libra--,jasp] ,scorpio--,g>net ,sagitt>ius--,em]ald ,capricorn--,*alc$ony ,aqu>ius--,ame?y/ ,pisces-- ,( planet>y /ones#dec !re is assign$ to ! sun ! jac9? & ! *rysolite1 :5 ?is latt] "n 0 appli$ to ! yell[ ,brazilian *rysob]yl1 :ile ! moon controls ! b]yl1 ! rock-cry/al & also ! pe>l4 ,to ! %>e ( ,v5us fall ! sapphire & c>buncle z well z coral & pe>l2 usually ! em]ald is ! /one ( ,v5us4 ,m>s lays claim to ! diamond1 jac9?1 & ruby1 ! la/-nam$ /one accord+ ) ! ruddy hue ( our neighbor planet4 ,"u ! control ( ,jupit] are plac$ ! em]ald1 sapphire1 ame?y/1 & turquoise1 s t ?is planet has ! ri*e/ assortm5t ( gems2 x w be rem>k$ t ! cele/ial sapphire unites ! influ5ce ( ,v5us & ,jupit]1 ! two especially propiti\s planets4 ,la/ly1 f>-away ,saturn mu/ be cont5t ) all d>k1 black1 & brittle /ones2 !re 01 inde$1 little inducem5t to we> a ,saturnian /one1 = ! influ5ce ( ?is cold & di/ant planet 0 always reg>d$ z baleful4 ,illu/ration3 #a4 ,a necklace ( b&$ & v>iegat$ agates1 onyx1 c>nelians & s>ds4 ,fir/ ,c5tury ,a4,d4 #b4 ,beads ( c>nelian artificially m>k$ = 8good luck40 ,! m>k+ is produc$ by an application ( pota% & soda4 ,anci5t ,p]sian4 ,! planet>y controls ( preci\s /ones z giv5 9 ! ,lapid>io ( ,alfonso ,x1 accord+ to 8,*aldaic0 tradition1 %[ t ! same /one 0 influ5c$ 9 _m or mo/ cases by m ?an "o ( ! 8sev5 planets0 7includ+ ! ,sun & ,moon74 ,?us ! diamond1 belong+ to ! fir/ degree ( ! sign ,taurus1 0 dom9at$ by bo? ,saturn & ! ,sun2 ! em]ald 0 controll$ by ,jupit]1 & also by ,m]cury & by ,v5us4 ,! r$ j>goon 0 influ5c$ by ,m>s1 ! yell[ v>iety by ,jupit] & ! :ite j>goon by ,v5us4 ,! c>nelian receiv$ virtue f ! ,sun & f ,v5us4 ,! ruby1 al?\gh m especially a sun/one1 came z well "u ! influ5ce ( ! ,planet ( ,love4 ,coral belong$ bo? to ,v5us & to ! moon1 :ile lapis-lazuli & *alc$ony only ow$ allegiance to ,v5us2 ?is planet also l5t virtue to ! b]yl4#ded ,among ! ,mohamm$ans1 six ( ! sev5 heav5s 7 suppos$ to be made ( preci\s sub/ances3 ! fir/ 0 ( em]ald2 ! second1 ( :ite silv]2 ! ?ird1 ( l>ge :ite pe>ls2 ! f\r?1 ( ruby2 ! fif?1 ( r$ gold2 & ! six?1 ( jac9?4 ,! sev5? & highe/ heav51 h[ev]1 0 ( %9+ light4#dee ,"h we h ! ?ree preci\s color$ /ones1 em]ald1 ruby1 & sapphire 7jac9?71 to :i* is add$ ! pe>l4 ,! sc>city ( ! diamond 9 e>ly times1 & its comp>ative lack ( brilliancy be=e ! inv5tion ( rose & brilliant cutt+1 acc\nt = ! abs5ce ( ?is k+ ( gems4 ,rabelais1#def describ+ ! temple ( ! oracle ( ! 8,dive ,b\teille10 says t ( its sev5 columns ! fir/ 0 ( sapphire2 ! second1 ( jac9?2 ! ?ird1 ( 8dyamant02 ! f\r?1 ( ! 8male0 balas-ruby2 ! fif?1 ( em]ald1 8m brilliant & gli/5+ ?an 7 ^? :i* 7 set 9 place ( eyes 9 ! m>ble lion /ret*$ be=e ! tomb ( ,k+ ,h]mias02 ! six? column 0 ( agate1 & ! sev5? ( transp>5t sel5ite1 8) a spl5dor l t ( ,hymettian honey1 & )9 appe>$ ! moon 9 =m & motion su* z %e is 9 ! heav5s1 full & new1 wax+ & wan+40 ,we are !n told t ^! /ones 7 attribut$ to ! sev5 planets by ! ,*aldans1 z foll[s3 ,sapphire ,saturn ,jac9? ,jupit] ,diamond ,sun ,ruby ,m>s ,em]ald ,v5us ,agate ,m]cury ,sel5ite ,moon ,"s ( ^! attributions diff] f ^? usually made & may repres5t ano!r tradition4 ,,planet>y ,,influ5ces ,,( ,,/ones#deg ,jasp] ,v5us & ,m]cury4 ,sapphire ,jupit] & ,m]cury4 ,em]ald ,v5us & ,m]cury4 ,*alc$ony ,jupit]1 ,m]cury1 & ,saturn4 ,s>donyx ,saturn & ,m>s4 ,*rysolite ,m]cury & ,v5us4 ,b]yl ,v5us & ,m>s4 ,topaz ,saturn & ,m>s4 ,*rysoprase ,m]cury & ,v5us4 ,jac9? ,m>s & ,jupit]4 ,ame?y/ ,m>s & ,jupit]4 ,pe>l ,v5us & ,m]cury4 ,c>buncle ,m>s & ,v5us4 ,diamond ,jupit]4 ,agate ,v5us & ,m>s4 ,alectoria ,sun4 ,turquoise ,v5us & ,m]cury4 ,*elidon ,jupit]4 tites ,sun4 ,dionesia ,saturn4 ,hematite ,m]cury4 ,lapis-lazuli ,v5us4 ,arm5a ,m]cury & ,v5us4 ,g>net ,sun4 ,amb] ,sun4 ,jet ,saturn4 ,lyncurius ,sun4 ,cry/al ,moon & ,m>s4 ,bezo> ,jupit]4 ,arm5ia ,jupit]4 ,sel5ite ,moon4 ,magnet ,m>s4 ,judaica1 ,hegolite or ,m]cury4 ,cogolite ,iris ,jupit]4 ,halcyon ,saturn & ,m>s4 ,asbe/us ,saturn4 ,s>cophagus ,moon4 ,arabian1 :ite ,moon4 ,arabian1 gre5 ,jupit]4 ,hy5a ,sun4 ,&rodamas ,moon4 ,pyrites3 ,copp]-color$ ,sun1 ,v5us4 ,gold-color$ ,sun4 ,silv]-color$ ,moon4 ,t9-color$ ,moon1 ,saturn4 ,a%-color$ ,jupit]4 ,calatia ,moon4 ,/alactite ,v5us4 ,!n>cus ,sun4 ,c>nelian ,jupit]1 ,m>s1 ,v5us4 ,opal ,sun1 ,m]cury4 ,fix$ />s associat$ ) preci\s /ones3#deh ,diamond4 ,caput ,algol #ah ( ,taurus4 ,cry/al4 ,! ,pleiades #bd ( ,taurus4 ,ruby1 c>buncle4 ,aldeb>an #c ( ,gem9i2 also ! ,hyades4 ,sapphire4 ,! ,goat #ae ( ,gem9i4 ,b]yl4 ,sirius #aj ( ,canc]4 ,g>net4 ,he>t ( ,lion #bc ( ,leo4 ,magnet4 ,tail ( ! ,great ,be> #h ( ,scorpio2 also ! ,pole ,/>4 ,topaz4 ,"r & left w+ ( ,rav5 #h ( ,libra4 ,em]ald & ,jasp]4 ,spica ,virg9is #ag ( ,libra4 ,ame?y/4 ,scorpion #c ( ,sagitt>ius4 ,*rysolite4 ,tortoise #h ( ,capricorn4 ,*alc$ony4 ,tail ( ,capricorn #ae ( ,aqu>ius4 ,jac9?4 ,%\ld] ( ,equis ,major #ah ( ,pisces4 ,pe>l4 ,umbilicus ,&rom$ #bj ( ,aries4 ,s>donyx4 ,same z ,topaz4 ,images & virtues ( ! con/ellations z engrav$ on gems3#dei ,,ursa ,,major1 ,,ursa ,,m9or1 ,,& ,,draco4 ,bo? be>s are repres5t$ 9 ! folds ( a s]p5t1 ! ,great ,be> 9 ! upp] & ! ,less] ,be> 9 ! l[] folds4 ,9 almo/ all ! signs4 ,nature3 ,ursa ,major1 ,m>s & ,v5us4 ,ursa ,m9or3 ,saturn4 ,draco3 ,saturn & ,m>s4 ,r5d]s ! we>] wise1 cauti\s1 v]satile1 & p[]ful4 ,! b\nd>y l9es ( ! v>i\s signs are c>ri$ up to ! pole1 & any con/ellation t is )9 ^! l9es is consid]$ to belong to ! respective sign2 ?us1 e con/ellation belongs to "o or m signs4 ,,corona ,,borealis4 ,a royal cr[n1 ) _m />s2 sometimes ! cr[n$ head ( a k+4 ,sign3 ,sagitt>ius4 ,nature3 ,v5us & ,m]cury4 ,engrav$ on ! /one ( "o :o is fitt$ = honors & k1 x gives him great favor ) k+s4 ,,h]cules4 ,a man ) knees b5t1 hold+ a club 9 8 h& & kill+ a lion2 sometimes a man ) a lion's sk9 9 8 h& or on 8 %\ld] & hold+ a club4 ,sign3 ,scorpio4 ,nature3 ,v5us & ,m]cury4 ,engrav$ on a /one t br+s victory1 l ! agate1 x r5d]s ! we>] victori\s 9 all conflicts 9 ! field4 ,,cygnus4 ,a swan ) out/ret*$ w+s & curv$ neck4 ,9 ! ,nor?4 ,nature3 ,v5us & ,m]cury4 ,r5d]s ! we>] popul>1 increases k1 & augm5ts weal?4 ,cures g\t1 p>alysis1 & fev]4 ,,cepheus4 ,a man girt ) a sword & hold+ 8 h&s & arms ext5d$4 ,sign3 ,aries4 ,nature3 ,saturn & ,jupit]4 ,causes pleasant visions if plac$ b5ea? ! head ( a sleep+ p]son4 ,,cassiopeia4 ,a woman seat$ 9 a *air & ) h&s ext5d$ 9 ! =m ( a cross2 sometimes ) a triangle on h] head4 ,sign3 ,taurus4 ,nature3 ,saturn & ,v5us4 ,re/ores ! sickly1 worn body to heal?1 gives quiet & calm aft] labor & procures pleasant & tranquil sleep4 ,,&rom$a4 ,a "y girl ) di%evell$ hair1 & h&s hang+ d[n4 ,sign3 ,taurus4 ,nature3 ,v5us4 ,reconciles husb& & wife1 /r5g!ns love1 & protects ! human body f _m diseases4 ,,p]seus4 ,a man hold+ a sword 9 8 "r h& & ! ,gorgon's head 9 8 left4 ,sign3 ,taurus4 ,nature3 ,saturn & ,v5us4 ,gu>ds ! we>] f mis=tune & protects1 n only ! we>] b ! place :]e x may be1 f lightn+ & tempe/4 ,dissolves en*antm5ts4 ,,s]p5s4 ,a man 9 ! folds ( a s]p5t & hold+ its head 9 8 "r h& & its tail 9 8 left4 ,sign3 ,taurus4 ,nature3 ,saturn & ,v5us4 ,antidote to poisons & to ! bites ( v5om\s creatures4 ,,aquila4 ,a fly+ eagle ) an arr[ b5ea? 8 feet4 ,sign3 ,canc]4 ,nature3 ,jupit] & ,m]cury2 ! arr[1 h[ev]1 is ( ,m>s & ,v5us4 ,pres]ves =m] honors1 adds new ones1 & helps to victory4 ,,pisces or ,,delph9us4 ,figur$ 9 relief 787 ,sign3 ,aqu>ius4 ,nature3 ,saturn & ,m>s4 ,if ?is engrav$ gem be atta*$ to nets x causes !m to be fill$ ) fi%1 & x r5d]s ! we>] =tunate 9 fi%+4 ,,pegasus4 ,"s repres5t ! half ( a w+$ horse2 o!rs ! :ole figure & )\t a bridle4 ,sign3 ,aries4 ,nature3 ,m>s & ,jupit]4 ,gives victory 9 ! field1 & makes ! we>] swift1 cauti\s1 & bold4 ,,cetus4 ,figure ( a l>ge fi% ) curv$ tail & capaci\s gullet4 ,sign3 ,taurus4 ,nature3 ,saturn4 ,r5d]s ! we>] =tunate on ! sea & makes him prud5t & agreeable4 ,x also re/ores lo/ articles4 ,,orion4 ,) or )\t armor1 man hold+ a sword or a scy! 9 8 h&4 ,sign3 ,gem9i4 ,nature3 ,jupit]1 ,saturn1 & ,m>s4 ,gives ! we>] victory ov] 8 enemies4 ,,navis4 ,a %ip ) pr[ curv$ back & spread sails2 sometimes ) & sometimes )\t o>s4 ,sign3 ,leo4 ,nature3 ,saturn & ,jupit]4 ,r5d]s ! we>] =tunate 9 8 und]tak+s2 he runs no risk on sea or wat]1 nei!r c he be injur$ by wat]4 ,,canis ,,major4 ,figure ( a dog = c\rs+ h>es1 ) a curv$ tail4 ,sign3 ,canc]4 ,nature3 ,v5us4 ,cures lunacy1 insanity1 & demoniacal possession4 ,,lepus4 ,figure ( a h>e ) e>s prick$ up & ! feet repres5t$ z ?\gh 9 swift motion4 ,sign3 ,gem9i4 ,nature3 ,saturn & ,m]cury4 ,cures fr5zy & protects f ! wiles ( demons4 ,! we>] _c be hurt by a malignant _s4 ,,c5taur4 ,half-figure ( a bull1 be>+ a man on ^: left %\ld] re/s a lance1 f :i* dep5ds a h>e4 ,9 8 "r h& ! man holds a small1 sup9e animal ) a vessel atta*$ to x4 ,sign3 ,libra4 ,nature3 ,jupit] & ,m>s4 ,gives con/ancy & p]petual heal?4 ,,canis ,,m9or4 ,figure ( a dog1 sitt+4 ,sign3 ,canc]4 ,nature3 ,jupit]4 ,gu>ds f dropsy1 pe/il5ce1 & ! bites ( dogs4 ,,sacr>ius ,,turubulus 7,,ara74 ,an alt> ) burn+ inc5se4 ,sign3 ,sagitt>ius4 ,nature3 ,v5us & ,m]cury4 ,gives ! we>] p[] to recognize spirits1 to conv]se ) !m1 & to comm& !m2 also conf]s *a/ity4 ,,hydra4 ,a s]p5t1 hav+ an urn at its head & a rav5 at its tail4 ,sign3 ,canc]4 ,nature3 ,saturn & ,v5us4 ,gives ri*es & all good gifts to ! we>] & makes him cauti\s & prud5t4 ,,corona ,,au/ralis4 ,an imp]ial cr[n4 ,sign3 ,libra4 ,nature3 ,saturn & ,m>s4 ,augm5ts weal? & makes ! we>] gay & happy4 ,,auriga4 ,a man 9 a *>iot1 be>+ a goat on 8 left %\ld]4 ,sign3 ,gem9i4 ,nature3 ,m]cury4 ,makes ! we>] successful 9 hunt+4 ,,vexillum4 ,a flag fly+ f ! extremity ( a lance4 ,sign3 ,scorpion4 ,gives skill 9 w> & conf]s victory 9 ! field4 ,,figures ,,( ,,! ,,planets ,,saturn4 ,an old man hold+ a curv$ scy! 9 8 h& & ) a n v heavy be>d4 ,engrav$ on a /one ( ! nature ( ,saturn1 x r5d]s ! we>] p[]ful & augm5ts 8 p[] cont9ually4 ,,jupit]4 ,a seat$ figure1 sometimes 9 a *>iot1 hold+ a /aff 9 "o h& & a spe> 9 ! o!r4 ,x r5d]s ! we>] =tunate1 especially if engrav$ on a ,kabratis /one1 & he easily ga9s :at he wi%es1 especially f prie/s4 ,he w be rais$ to honors & dignities4 ,,m>s4 ,repres5t$ sometimes ) a bann] & sometimes ) a lance or o!r weapon4 ,he is1 inde$1 always arm$ & at times m\nt$ on a horse4 ,gives victory1 boldness 9 w>1 & success 9 ev]y?+1 especially if engrav$ on an appropriate /one4 ,,sun4 ,sometimes z ! sol> disk ) rays1 sometimes z a man 9 a *>iot1 & ?is occasionally is surr\nd$ by ! signs ( ! zodiac4 ,r5d]s ! we>] p[]ful & a victor2 ?is gem is priz$ by hunt]s4 ,,v5us4 ,_m =ms1 among !m t ( a woman ) a volum9\s dress & a /ole1 hold+ a laurel 9 h] h&4 ,gives skill 9 h&l+ affairs & usually br+s !m to a successful issue2 removes ! fe> ( dr[n+4 ,,m]cury4 ,figure ( a sl5d] man1 usually ) a beautiful be>d1 b sometimes )\t4 ,he has w+$ feet & holds ! caduceus4 ,increases k & conf]s eloqu5ce4 ,x aids m]*ants1 enabl+ !m to acquire weal?4 ,,moon4 ,v>i\s =ms4 ,sometimes z a cresc5t1 sometimes z a "y woman 9 a *>iot & hold+ a quiv]1 & at o!rs z a woman ) a quiv] & foll[+ ! *ase ) dogs4 ,aids ! =tunes ( ^? :o are s5t on an embassy1 & enables !m to acquire weal? & honor !reby4 ,is said to conf] spe$ & facility 9 und]tak+s & a happy issue4#dfj ,:5 ,hudibras attack$ & ov]came ! sorc]] ,sidrophal1 he rifl$ ! latt]'s pockets ( all 8 my/ic treasures4 ,among ^! 7 ,sev]al con/ellation /ones1 ,engrav$ 9 planet>y h\rs1 ,t ov] mortals _h /range p[]s1 ,to make !m ?rive 9 law or trade1 ,& /ab or poison to evade1 ,9 wit & wisdom to improve1 ,& be victori\s 9 love4#dfa ,^! manifold influ5ces ex]t$ by ! />s & planets ?r\gh ! m$ium ( ! gems1 n only conc]n$ ^? actually pres5t 9 a mat]ial =m1 b also ^? t 7 se5 9 dreams1 & int]pretations ( su* dreams are giv5 by old writ]s4 ,illu/ration3 ,,/atuette ,,kn[n ,,z ,,t ,,( ,,sa9te ,,foy1 ,,9 ,,! ,,abbey-,,*ur* ,,at ,,conques1 ,,dept4 ,,aveyron1 ,,france4 ,x is /udd$ ) preci\s & semi-preci\s /ones & engrav$ gems1 dat+ f v>i\s epo*s1 ! pi\s (f]+s ( ^? ^: pray]s h be5 answ]$4 ,! figure is #he cm4 7#cc in*es7 high & is ( gold 9 a core ( wood4 ,probably ( ! t5? c5tury4 ,two ( ! f\r cry/al balls adorn+ ! seat are said to replace gold5 doves4 ,rock-cry/al 0 especially d$icat$ to ! moon4 ,_m ,oneirocritica1 or 8dream-books10 7 writt5 or compil$ 9 ! e>ly c5turies ( our era1 "o ( ! mo/ not$ be+ ! "w ( ,artemidorus1 :o fl\ri%$ 9 ! second c5tury ,a4,d4 ,e object se5 9 a dream 0 giv5 a special mean+1 & x is int]e/+ to note t ,artemidorus believ$ dreams ( r+s or o!r ornam5ts1 z well z ( preci\s /ones1 to be ( favorable significance only = wom54 ,su* dreams indicat$ m>riage = unm>ri$ wom51 & ! bir? ( *ildr5 = ^? already m>ri$4 ,if a woman 0 bo? wife & "m :5 %e saw sp>kl+ jewels 9 h] dream1 !n ! vision port5d$ ! acquisition ( great weal?4 ,artemidorus "h sagely rem>ks t wom5 are by nature devot$ to ri*es & passionately fond ( ornam5ts4 ,= m51 on ! o!r h&1 to dream ( jewels 0 an ill om52 probably because x =e%ad[$ ! necessity ( buy+ !m = a good fri5d or a fai?ful wife4#dfb ,ano!r ( ^! dream-books1 probably compos$ 9 ! eigh? c5tury ,a4,d41 appe>s "u ! "n ( ,a*ametis & is ( ,arabic orig94 ,_m ( ! int]pretations 9 ?is book are ref]r$ to a ,h9du s\rce1 & among ^! are visions ( cr[ns t appe> to k+s4 ,su* a dream1 9 itself1 usually port5d$ increas$ p[] & success = ! sov]eign1 b ?is dep5d$ ^u ! color & "* ( ! jewels :i* adorn$ ! cr[n4 ,= example1 we read t if ! gems 7 r$ & ( ! k9d kn[n z ly*nites 7c>buncles or rubies71 ! dream indicat$ t ! k+ w\ld h great joy & good =tune & w\ld be m fe>$ by 8 enemies ?an be=e2 b if he saw blue gems 9 ! cr[n1 x 0 a bad om51 =e%ad[+ ! loss ( "p ( 8 k+dom4 ,if ! /ones 7 ( a light gre5 hue 7! color ( ! leek71 ! k+ w\ld ga9 a great "n 9 ! _w1 bo? by 8 good fai? & by ! greatness ( 8 k+dom2 =1 ! writ] adds1 8?is color 9 preci\s /ones is univ]sally accept$ z signify+ good-fai? & religi\s devotion to ,god40#dfc ,!re is signifi$ by dream+ ( ,agates ,a j\rney4 ,amb] ,a voyage ,ame?y/s ,fre$om f h>m4 ,aquam>9es ,new fri5ds4 ,b]yls ,happ9ess 9 /ore4 ,blood/ones ,di/ress+ news4 ,c>buncles ,acquirem5t ( wisdom4 ,c>nelians ,imp5d+ mis=tune4 ,cat's-eyes ,trea*]y4 ,*alc$ony ,fri5ds rejo9$4 ,*rysob]yls ,a "t ( ne$4 ,*rysolites ,necess>y caution4 ,coral ,recov]y f illness4 ,cry/al ,fre$om f enemies4 ,diamonds ,victory ov] enemies4 ,em]alds ,mu* to look =w>d to4 ,g>nets ,! solution ( a my/]y4 ,heliotropes ,long life4 ,hyac9?s ,a heavy /orm4 ,jac9?s ,success4 ,jasp] ,love return$4 ,jet ,sorr[4 ,lapis-lazuli ,fai?ful love4 ,moon/ones ,imp5d+ dang]4 ,moss-agates ,an unsuccessful j\rney4 ,onyx ,a happy m>riage4 ,opals ,great possessions4 ,pe>ls ,fai?ful fri5ds4 ,porphyry ,dea?4 ,rubies ,unexpect$ gue/s4 ,sapphires ,escape f dang]4 ,s>donyx ,love ( fri5ds4 ,topaz ,no h>m %all befall4 ,t\rmal9es ,an accid5t4 ,turquoises ,prosp]ity4 ,if preci\s /ones be s comb9$ 9 a r+1 or o!r jewel t ! initial lett]s ( _! names spell words significant ( a t5d] s5tim5t or imply+ good =tune1 or else ! "n ( someone de> to ! giv] ( ! jewel1 ?is is also suppos$ to /r5g!n _! a/ral or planet>y influ5ce & to r5d] !m m pot5t *>ms4 ,9 ! foll[+ examples ! gems 9 ! fir/ column are ! m exp5sive1 ^? 9 ! second column be+ comp>atively inexp5sive ones4 ,,acro/ics ,,=m$ ,,) ,,/ones ,9 ,france & ,engl&1 dur+ ! #ah? c5tury1 r+s1 bracelets1 broo*es1 etc41 7 (t5 set ) gems ! fir/ lett]s ( :i*1 comb9$1 =m$ a motto or express$ a s5tim5t4 ,! foll[+ is a li/ ( ^? t may be us$ 9 ?is way4 ,! *oice ( /ones af=d$ "h br+s ^! pretty devices )9 ! rea* ( all4 ,,fai? ,fire-opal4 ,feldsp>4 ,alex&rite4 ,ame?y/4 ,iolite4 ,idocrase4 ,t\rmal9e4 ,topaz4 ,hyac9?4 ,heliotrope4 ,,hope ,hyac9?4 ,hematite4 ,opal4 ,oliv9e4 ,pe>l4 ,pyrope4 ,em]ald4 ,essonite4 ,,*>ity ,cat's-eye4 ,c>buncle4 ,hyac9?4 ,hematite4 ,aquam>9e4 ,ame?y/4 ,ruby4 ,rose qu>tz4 ,iolite4 ,idocrase4 ,t\rmal9e4 ,topaz4 ,yell[ sapphire4 ,yu 7,jade74 ,,good ,,luck ,gold5 b]yl4 ,g>net4 ,opal4 ,onyx4 ,oliv9e4 ,obsidian4 ,diamond4 ,d5drite4 ,lapis-lazuli4 ,labradorite4 ,uralian em]ald4 ,unio pe>l4 ,cat's-eye4 ,c>nelian4 ,kunzite4 ,krokidolite4 ,,=ev] ,fire-opal4 ,fl*es d'am\r4 ,opal4 ,onyx4 ,ruby4 ,rutile4 ,em]ald4 ,essonite4 ,v]meille4 ,v]d antique4 ,essonite4 ,epidote4 ,rubellite4 ,rose qu>tz4 ,,reg>d ,ruby4 ,rubellite4 ,em]ald4 ,essonite4 ,g>net4 ,g>net4 ,alex&rite4 ,ame?y/4 ,ruby4 ,rock-cry/al4 ,diamond4 ,demantoid4 ,,zes ,greek1 mean+ 8,maye/ ?\ live40 ,zircon4 ,zono*lorite4 ,em]ald4 ,essonite4 ,sapphire4 ,s>d4 ,,mizpah ,moon/one4 ,moldavite4 ,indicolite4 ,idocrase4 ,zircon4 ,zono*lorite4 ,p]idot4 ,pyrope4 ,a/]ia4 ,aquam>9e4 ,hyac9?4 ,hematite4 ,,fri5d%ip ,fl*es d'am\r4 ,feldsp>4 ,ruby4 ,rock cry/al4 ,indicolite4 ,idocrase4 ,em]ald4 ,epidote4 ,nephrite4 ,nicolo4 ,diamond4 ,diopside4 ,sapphire4 ,s>d4 ,hyac9?4 ,hematite4 ,iolite4 ,idocrase4 ,pe>l4 ,pyrite4 ,,de>e/ ,diamond4 ,demantoid4 ,em]ald4 ,essonite4 ,alex&rite4 ,ame?y/4 ,ruby4 ,rubellite4 ,essonite4 ,epidote4 ,sapphire4 ,sp9el4 ,turquoise4 ,topaz4 ,,s\v5ir ,sapphire4 ,sun/one4 ,opal4 ,onyx4 ,uralian em]ald4 ,utahlite4 ,v]meille4 ,v]d antique4 ,em]ald4 ,epidote4 ,nephrite4 ,nephrite4 ,iolite4 ,indicolite4 ,ruby4 ,rock-cry/al4 ,,bonheur ,b]yl4 ,blood/one4 ,opal4 ,onyx4 ,nephrite4 ,nephrite4 ,hyac9?4 ,hematite4 ,em]ald4 ,essonite4 ,uralian em]ald4 ,utahlite4 ,ruby4 ,rhodonite4 ,,amiti ,alex&rite4 ,alm&9e4 ,moon/one4 ,moon/one4 ,indicolite4 ,indicolite4 ,t\rmal9e4 ,topaz4 ,idocrase4 ,idocrase4 ,em]ald4 ,essonite4 ,,love ,,me ,lapis-lazuli4 ,labrador sp>4 ,opal4 ,onyx4 ,v]meille4 ,v]d antique4 ,em]ald4 ,essonite4 ,moon/one4 ,moon/one4 ,essonite4 ,epidote4 ,,aei ,greek1 mean+ 8=ev]10 8et]nity40 ,alex&rite4 ,alm&9e4 ,em]ald4 ,essonite4 ,indicolite4 ,idocrase4 ,an attractive engagem5t r+ c be =m$ ( a c5tral diamond f :i* ext5d ! rays ( a five-po9t$ />4 ,betwe5 ! rays are set ! /ones emblematic ( ! zodiacal sign1 ( ! gu>dian angel ( ! mon?1 ( ! planet control ( ! h\r & also ! two /ones indicat+ ! initial lett] ( ! two ,*ri/ian names4 ,?is r+ is 9 ! =m ( ! my/ic ,p5tagon1 ! gr& symbol ( con/ancy & durability1 s9ce ! numb] five is compos$ ( ?ree1 :i* signifies creative p[]1 & two1 :i* typifies ! balance1 t is1 /ability4 ,z1 accord+ to ! old fancy1 ! influ5ces due to ! light emanations f ! planets or fix$ />s1 or f ! comb9ation ( ! />s 9 a zodiacal sign1 w\ld h a peculi> & m or less intimate connection ) ! fate ( "o c\ntry r ?an ( ano!r1 an attempt is "h made to give a *>act]i/ic /one = ea* c\ntry4 ,9 ! case ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ! v>i\s gem-/ones f\nd )9 ! b\nd>ies ( ea* ( ! ,/ates ( ! ,union are giv54 ,t ?is special influ5ce 0 exceptionally pot5t 9 reg>d to ^? born 9 ! c\ntries 9 "q 0 also taught & h5ce a national gem w\ld h a great] talismanic p[] ?an any o!r = ! natives ( ea* sep>ate c\ntry4 ,= ^? :o may feel a c]ta9 degree ( sympa?y = "t-honor$ fancies1 & :o may p]haps also h a trace ( sup]/ition hidd5 away 9 "s "p ( _! consci\sness1 "o ( our ,/ate gems w\ld h a simil> significance4 ,,gems ,,( ,,c\ntries ,alaska ,g>net ,algi]s ,coral ,arabia ,pe>l ,au/ria-,hung>y ,opal ,belgium ,cry/al ,bohemia ,g>net ,bokh>a ,lapis-lazuli ,bolivia ,lapis-lazuli ,brazil ,t\rmal9e 7,brazilian em]ald7 ,burma ,ruby ,canada ,sodalite ,ceylon ,cat's-eye ,*ili ,lapis-lazuli ,*9a ,jade ,congo ,dioptase ,d5m>k ,agate ,egypt ,p]idot ,engl& ,diamond ,france ,pe>l ,g]many ,amb] ,g]man ,we/ ,africa ,diamond ,greece ,sapphire ,holl& ,diamond ,hung>y ,opal ,india ,pe>l ,irel& ,preci\s s]p5t9e 7,connem>a7 ,italy ,coral ,japan ,rock-cry/al ,korea ,abalone pe>l ,madagasc> ,morganite ,mexico ,obsidian ,morocco ,coral ,new ,engl& ,t\rmal9e ,new ,s\? ,wales ,opal ,new ,zeal& ,jade ,norway-,sw$5 ,c>nelian ,panama ,agate ,p]sia ,turquoise ,p]u ,em]ald ,philipp9es ,pe>l ,portugal ,*rysob]yl ,r\mania ,amb] ,russia ,rhodonite ,s&wi* ,isl&s ,oliv9e ,scotl& ,cairngorm 7smoky qu>tz7 ,s]via ,coral ,siam ,ruby ,sicily ,amb] ,s\? ,africa ,diamond ,spa9 ,em]ald ,switz]l& ,rock-cry/al ,turke/an ,jade ,turkey ,turquoise ,unit$ ,/ates ,sapphire ,uruguay ,ame?y/ ,,unit$ ,,/ates ,,/ones ,preci\s1 semi-preci\s1 or gem /ones are f\nd 9 ne>ly e ,/ate ( ! ,union4 ,! mo/ important are enum]at$ bel[3 ,alabama ,b]yl1 blue & yell[2 smoky qu>tz4 ,arizona ,agatiz$ wood1 azur-mala*ite1 turquoise1 g>net1 p]idot4 ,arkansas ,rock-cry/al1 smoky qu>tz1 agate1 diamond1 novaculite4 ,cali=nia ,agate1 b5itoite1 cali=nite1 diamond1 gold qu>tz1 t\rmal9e1 abalone pe>l1 *rysoprase1 kunzite1 morganite4 ,colorado ,b]yl1 aquam>9e1 ph5acite1 g>net1 ame?y/1 agate1 gold qu>tz1 pyrite4 ,connecticut ,b]yl1 yell[ & gre52 rose qu>tz1 t\rmal9e ,delaw>e ,pe>l4 ,florida ,*alc$ony1 con* pe>l4 ,georgia ,ruby1 b]yl1 ame?y/1 gold qu>tz1 g>net4 ,idaho ,opal1 agate1 obsidian4 ,ill9ois ,fluorite1 pe>l4 ,indian ,t]ritory ,obsidian1 pe>l4 ,indiana ,pe>l4 ,i[a ,fossil coral1 pe>l1 *alc$ony4 ,kansas ,*alc$ony4 ,k5tucky ,pe>l4 ,l\isiana ,*alc$ony4 ,ma9e ,t\rmal9e1 b]yl1 rose qu>tz1 pe>l1 topaz1 amazonite1 smoky qu>tz1 rock-cry/al4 ,m>yl& ,b]yl1 clam-pe>l4 ,massa*usetts ,b]yl4 ,mi*igan ,agate1 hematite4 ,m9nesota ,*lora/rolite1 ?omsonite1 agate4 ,mississippi ,pe>l1 *alc$ony4 ,miss\ri ,pe>l1 fluorite1 pyrite4 ,montana ,sapphire1 b]yl1 smoky qu>tz1 agate1 ame?y/1 agatiz$ wood1 obsidian4 ,nebraska ,*alc$ony1 pe>l4 ,nevada ,gold qu>tz1 rock-cry/al4 ,new ,hamp%ire ,b]yl1 rock-cry/al1 g>net4 ,new ,j]sey ,f[l]ite1 willemite1 prehnite1 smoky qu>tz1 agate1 pe>l4 ,new ,mexico ,turquoise1 g>net1 obsidian1 p]idot1 rock-cry/al4 ,new ,york ,b]yl1 br[n t\rmal9e1 rose qu>tz1 fre%-wat] pe>l1 clam-pe>l1 *ondrodite4 ,nor? ,c>ol9a ,aquam>9e1 b]yl1 em]ald1 alm&ite g>net1 rhodolite1 prope g>net1 diamond1 cyanite1 hidd5ite1 ame?y/1 ruby1 sapphire1 smoky qu>tz1 rock-cry/al1 rutile4 ,nor? ,dakota ,*alc$ony1 agate4 ,ohio ,fossil coral1 *alc$ony4 ,oregon ,agate1 obsidian1 hydrolite4 ,p5nsylvania ,ame?y/1 b]yl1 sun/one1 moon/one1 amazonite1 alm&ite g>net1 pyrope g>net1 rutile4 ,rhode ,isl& ,hornbl5de 9 qu>tz1 ame?y/1 rock-cry/al4 ,s\? ,c>ol9a ,b]yl1 smoky qu>tz1 rock-cry/al4 ,s\? ,dakota ,qu>tzite1 b]yl1 agate4 ,t5nessee ,pe>l4 ,texas ,b]yl1 pe>l1 t\rmal9e4 ,utah ,topaz1 g>net4 ,virg9ia ,ame?y/1 spess>ite1 g>net1 b]yl1 moon/one1 /aurolite1 allanite4 ,v]mont ,b]yl1 pe>l4 ,wa%+ton ,pe>l1 agate4 ,we/ ,virg9ia ,rock-cry/al4 ,wiscons9 ,agate1 pe>l4 ,wyom+ ,moss-agate1 agate4 ,,xi ,on ! ,!rapeutic ,use ( ,preci\s & ,semi-,preci\s ,/ones ,! m$ic9al use ( preci\s /ones may be trac$ back to v anci5t times4 ,x has be5 conjectur$ t _! employm5t = su* purposes 0 introduc$ to ,europe f ,india1 :5ce _m ( ! /ones 7 d]iv$4 ,nev]!less1 ! e>lie/ evid5ce we h r po9ts to ,egypt z ! s\rce1 &1 inde$1 x appe>s t 9 e>ly ,egyptian times ! *emical con/itu5ts ( ! /ones 7 mu* m rationally consid]$ ?an at a lat] p]iod 9 ,europe4 ,! ,eb]s ,papyrus1 = in/ance1 recomm5ds ! use ( c]ta9 a/r+5t sub/ances1 su* z lapis-lazuli1 z +r$i5ts ( eye-salves1 & hematite1 an iron oxide1 0 us$ = *eck+ hemorrhages & = r$uc+ inflammations4 ,little by little1 h[ev]1 sup]/ition associat$ c]ta9 special virtues ) ! color & quality ( preci\s /ones1 & _! virtues 7 ?\ght to be greatly enhanc$ by engrav+ on !m ! image ( "s god1 or ( "s object symboliz+ c]ta9 ( ! activities ( nature4 ,lat] /ill1 ! sci5ce ( a/rology1 mo/ highly develop$ 9 ,assyria & ,babylonia1 0 br\ght into comb9ation ) ! v>i\s sup]/itions above indicat$1 s t ! image 0 believ$ to h mu* great] efficacy if ! engrav+ 7 execut$ :5 ! sun 0 9 a c]ta9 con/ellation or :5 ! moon or "s "o ( ! planets 0 9 ! asc5dant at ! "t4 ,if we exclude c]ta9 fragm5t>y notices 9 ,egyptian lit]ature--notably ! /atem5ts 9 ! ,eb]s ,papyrus--& ! v unc]ta9 s\rces 9 ,h9du lit]ature1 ! e>lie/ au?ority = ?is bran* ( ! subject is ! ,natural ,hi/ory ( ,pl9y4 ,9 ?is connection1 h[ev]1 x is only j to call att5tion to a fact :i* has be5 (t5 ignor$--namely1 t ,pl9y himself _h v little fai? 9 ! tea*+s ( ! 8magi10 z he calls !m1 9 reg>d to ! sup]/iti\s use ( gems = ! prev5tion or cure ( diseases2 inde$1 he seems to h be5 almo/ z sceptical 9 8 attitude z _m mod]n writ]s1 = c]ta9 q rec5t au?orities /ill cr$it amb] & a few o!r m9]al sub/ances ) !rapeutic effects o!r ?an ^? :i* c be expla9$ by ! kn[n action ( _! *emical con/itu5ts4 ,/ill1 ,pl9y yield$ s f> to ! ta/e ( 8 "t z to pres]ve = u _m ( ! /atem5ts ( e>li] writ]s on ! subject1 nam+ !m 9 mo/ cases & s enabl+ u to =m "s idea ( ! "* ( ?is pseudo-sci5ce 9 ! ,roman _w 9 ! fir/ c5tury ( our era4 ,) ! gradual decay ( anci5t le>n+1 ! less valuable elem5ts ( popul> belief came m & m into ! =egr\nd1 & ! old sup]/itions 7 freely copi$ by successive au?ors1 ea* ( :om felt call$ ^u to add some?+ new on 8 own acc\nt4 ,?is expla9s mu* ( ! confusion t reigns 9 reg>d to ! attribution ( special virtues to ! diff]5t /ones1 = ! wid] ! read+ ( ! au?or ! great] became ! numb] ( virtues attribut$ to ea* sep>ate /one1 until1 at la/1 we might almo/ say t ea* & e preci\s /one c\ld be us$ = ! cure ( all diseases4 ,nev]!less1 x is comp>atively easy to see t ei!r ! color or con/itution ( ! /one orig9ally indicat$ its use = ?is or t disease4 ,illu/ration3 ,,inscription ,,on ,a ,,small ,,piece ,,( ,,lime/one1 ,,9 ,,cursive ,,egyptian ,,writ+4 ,x dates f ab\t #afjj ,b4,c41 ! p]iod ( ! ,eb]s ,papyrus1 & gives directions = prep>+ c]ta9 rem$ies f preci\s /ones4 ,:ile ! int]pretation ( ?is text (f]s consid]able difficulty1 "o v]sion f9ds 9 x ! /atem5t t lapis-lazuli--! 8sapphire0 ( ! anci5ts--0 us$ = ! weal?y1 & mala*ite = ^? ( limit$ means4 ,pr(essor ,oefele conjectures t ! disease to be treat$ 0 hy/]ia4 ,mun* ,collection1 ,metropolitan ,museum ( ,art1 ,new ,york4 ,a di/9ction is (t5 made betwe5 ! talismanic qualities ( preci\s /ones = ! cure or prev5tion ( disease & ! prop]ly m$ic9al use ( !m z m9]al sub/ances4 ,9 ! =m] case ! effect 0 atta9$ by m]ely we>+ !m on ! p]son1 :ile 9 ! latt] case !y 7 r$uc$ to a p[d]1 :i* 0 dissolv$ z f> z possible 9 wat] or "s o!r liquid & !n tak5 int]nally4 ,z1 h[ev]1 ! end to be atta9$ is ! same :e!r ! /one be worn or tak5 int]nally z a p[d] or liquid1 x seems m logical to treat ( bo? ^! me?ods ( !rapeutic use toge!r1 res]v+ = ! *apt] on ! talismanic use ( gems only _! employm5t to av]t mis=tunes o!r ?an ^? caus$ by disease1 & _! influ5ce 9 ! procur+ ( weal?1 honors1 & happ9ess = _! we>]s4 ,! belief 9 ! curative prop]ties ( preci\s /ones 0 at "o "t univ]sal among all ^? to :om gems 7 kn[n4 ,:5 we read to-day ( ! v>i\s ills t 7 suppos$ to be cur$ by ! use ( ^! gems1 we f9d x difficult to und]/& :at process ( ?\ght c\ld h sugge/$ ! idea ( employ+ su* ineffectual rem$ies4 ,x is true t ! con/itu5ts ( c]ta9 /ones c be absorb$ by ! human body & h a def9ite effect ^u x1 b ! great] "p ( ! elem5ts are s comb9$ t !y _c be assimilat$1 & !y pass ?r\gh ! sy/em )\t produc+ any app>5t effect4 ,9 anci5t & m$ieval times1 h[ev]1 o!r ?an *emical ag5cies 7 suppos$ to be effici5t 9 ! cure ( diseases1 & ! primitive animi/ic conception ( ! cause ( illness1 & h5ce ( ! !rapeutics ( disease1 long held sway among ^? :o practis$ ! m$ical art4 ,rem$ies 7 priz$ because ( _! r>ity1 & also because x 0 believ$ t c]ta9 spiritual or planet>y influ5ces _h aid$ 9 _! production & 7 lat5t 9 !m4 ,besides ?is1 ! symbolism ( color play$ a v important "p 9 recomm5d+ ! use ( p>ticul> /ones = special diseases4 ,?is may be not$ 9 ! case ( ! r$ or r$di% /ones1 su* z ! ruby1 sp9el1 g>net1 c>nelian1 blood/one1 etc4 ,^! 7 ?\ght to be sov]eign rem$ies = hemorrhages ( all k9ds1 z well z = all inflammatory diseases2 !y 7 also believ$ to ex]cise a calm+ influ5ce & to remove ang] & discord4 ,! r$ hue ( ^! /ones 0 suppos$ to indicate _! fitness = su* use1 ^u ! pr9ciple similia similibus curantur4 ,9 ! same way yell[ /ones 7 prescrib$ = ! cure ( bili\s disord]s1 = jaundice 9 all its =ms & = o!r diseases ( ! liv]4 ,! use ( gre5 /ones to relieve diseases ( ! eye 0 evid5tly sugge/$ by ! b5eficial influ5ce ex]t$ by ?is color ^u ! sight4 ,! v]dant em]ald repres5t$ ! beautiful gre5 fields1 ^u :i* ! tir$ eye re/s s will+ly1 & :i* ex]t su* a soo?+ influ5ce ^u ! sight :5 x has be5 unduly /ra9$ or fatigu$4 ,"o ( ! e>lie/1 probably ! v e>lie/ ref]5ce 9 ,greek writ+s to ! !rapeutic value ( gems1 appe>s 9 ! works ( ,!ophra/us1 :o wrote 9 ! ?ird c5tury be=e ,*ri/4 ,"h we are told ( ! b5eficial effect ex]cis$ by ! em]ald ^u ! eyes4 ,illu/ration3 #a4 ,necklace ( c>nelian beads4 ,p]sian4 ,! decoration is made ) c>bonate ( lime & fix$ by fir+4 ,*>ms aga9/ ! ,evil ,eye4 #b4 ,necklace ( onyx beads4 ,e>ly ,*ri/ian4 ,! sapphire1 ! lapis-lazuli1 & o!r blue /ones1 ) a hue resembl+ ! blue ( ! heav5s1 7 believ$ to ex]t a tonic influ5ce1 & 7 suppos$ to c\nt]act ! wiles ( ! spirits ( d>kness & procure ! aid & favor ( ! spirits ( light & wisdom4 ,^! gems 7 usually look$ ^u z emblems ( *a/ity1 & = ?is reason ! sapphire came to be reg>d$ z especially appropriate = use 9 ecclesia/ical r+s4 ,among purple /ones1 ! ame?y/ is p>ticul>ly notewor?y4 ,! well-kn[n belief t ?is gem c\nt]act$ ! effects ( undue indulg5ce 9 intoxicat+ bev]ages is indicat$ by its "n1 d]iv$ f --8to be intoxicat$10 & ! privative 1 ! "n ?us signify+ ! 8sob]+0 gem4 ,x is n unlikely t a fanci$ resemblance betwe5 ! prevail+ hue ( ^! /ones & t ( c]ta9 k9ds ( w9e fir/ gave rise to ! "n & to ! idea ( ! peculi> virtues ( ! ame?y/4 ,we h m5tion$ only a few ( ! m obvi\s analogies sugge/$ by ! color ( gems1 & we might be tempt$ to cite _m o!rs 7 x n t symbolism is always trea*]\s gr\nd1 s9ce !re is practically no limit to ! correspond5ces t may be f\nd betwe5 s5su\s impressions & ideas4 ,"o great difficulty :i* besets any "o :o is try+ to f9d a clue to guide him ?r\gh ! labyr9? ( ! m$ical aff9ities ( gems is ! fact t !re 01 f an e>ly p]iod1 a t5d5cy to attribute ! virtues ( "o gem to ano!r1 probably ow+ to ! comm]cial in/9ct :i* urg$ ! deal] to praise 8 w>es 9 e possible way1 s t no "p ( 8 /ock %\ld fail to f9d a pur*as]4 ,?is t5d5cy is especially m>k$ 9 ! old ,h9du ,lapid>ies1 :]e9 x is almo/ impossible to f9d any diff]5tiation ( ! /ones 9 respect to _! curative or talismanic virtues4 ,only ! condition & p]fection ( ! gems are made ! crit]ion ( _! wor?4 ,any giv5 /one1 if p]fect1 0 a s\rce ( all bless+s to ! we>] & possess$ all rem$ial p[]s1 :ile a defective /one1 or "o lack+ ! prop] lu/re or color1 0 de/9$ to be a s\rce ( untold mis=tune to ! own]4 ,! ,european writ]s on ! m$ical prop]ties ( preci\s /ones 7 influ5c$ by q diff]5t consid]ations2 _! *ief aim 0 to repres5t ea* /one1 reg>d$ simply z a m9]al sub/ance1 z be+ ! abode ( ! greate/ possible numb] ( curative prop]ties4 ,inde$1 _m ( ! mo/ highly recomm5d$ electu>ies conta9$ all k9ds ( /ones1 z ?\gh ! effect to be produc$ did n dep5d ^u ! qualities ( any s+le /one1 or class ( /ones1 b r ^u ! quantity us$4 ,9 ,arnobio's 8,tesoro delle ,gioie10#dfd we h a receipt = ! composition ( 8! mo/ noble electu>y ( jac9?40 ,?is conta9s jac9?1 em]ald1 sapphire1 topaz1 g>net1 pe>l1 ruby1 :ite & r$ coral1 & amb]1 z well z _m animal & vegetable sub/ances1 9 all1 ?irty-f\r +r$i5ts4 ,x w\ld inde$ seem t a good dose ( su* a mixture %\ld h provid$ a cure = 8all ! ills t fle% is heir to10 by ! simple & effective means ( remov+ ! unhappy pati5t to a bett] _w4 ,treat+ ( ! metallic aff9ities ( preci\s /ones1 ,p>acelsus 7#adic-aeda7 affirm$ t ! em]ald 0 a copp] /one2 ! c>buncle & ! jasp] 7 gold5 /ones2 ! ruby & ! *alc$ony1 silv] /ones4 ,! 8:ite sapphire0 7corundum7 0 a /one ( ,jupit]1 :ile ! jac9? 0 a m]curial /one4 ,p[d]$ jac9? mix$ ) an equal quantity ( laudanum 0 recomm5d$ z a rem$y = fev]s result+ f 8putrefaction ( ! air or wat]40 ,?is illu/rates ! cu/om ( comb9+ an inefficaci\s mat]ial1 su* z ! p[d] ( a preci\s /one1 ) ano!r possess+ g5u9e rem$ial virtue1 ! "n ( ! /one appeal+ to ! popul> sup]/itions reg>d+ its !rapeutic p[]s1 & ?us r5d]+ ! prep>ation m acceptable4#dfe ,x is relat$ by ,plut>* t :5 ,p]icles 0 dy+ ( ! plague1 he %[$ to "o ( 8 fri5ds1 :o 0 visit+ him1 an amulet susp5d$ f 8 neck4 ,?is _h be5 giv5 to ,p]icles by ! wom5 ( 8 h\sehold1 & ,plut>* cites ! in/ance z a pro( t ev5 ! /ronge/ m9ds w at c]ta9 times yield to ! influ5ce ( sup]/ition4#dff ,!re 7 sceptics 9 anci5t times :o put no fai? 9 ! popul> sup]/itions z to ! curative p[]s ( preci\s /ones4 ,eusebius 7ca4 #bfd-;ca4 #cdi71 9 8 oration on ! ,emp]or ,con/ant9e ! ,great 7#bgb-ccg71 says3#dfg ,he held t ! v>ieties ( /ones s greatly admir$ 7 useless & ineffective ?+s4 ,!y possess$ no o!r qualities ?an _! natural ones1 & h5ce no efficacy to hold evils alo(2 = :at p[] c su* ?+s h ei!r to cure disease or to av]t dea?8 ,nev]!less1 al?\gh he well knew ?is1 he 0 9 no wise oppos$ to _! use simply z ornam5ts by 8 subjects4 ,! ,middle ,high ,g]man didactic poem on preci\s /ones1 compos$ by ,volm>1 or ,volam>1 ab\t #abej1 appe>s to h be5 writt5 z a rejo9d] to a satirical poem1 ! "w ( a writ] call$ ! 8,/rick]0 7rascal74 ,:at *iefly ar\s$ ,volm>'s wra? 0 ! fact t ?is irrev]5t p]sonage d>$ to ass]t t a piece ( color$ glass set 9 a r+ look$ j z well & possess$ ! same virtues z a g5u9e preci\s /one ( ! same color4 ,volm> does n m9ce matt]s1 & r\ndly decl>es t :oev] %\ld kill ! man :o wrote ?us w\ld d no s9ful act4 ,:ile we c sc>cely recomm5d su* dra/ic action1 we mu/ admit t we feel a little sympa?y ) ! m$ieval *ampion ( g5u9e /ones aga9/ imitations4 ,a mo/ int]e/+ item record+ "o phase ( a great tyrant's "* is report$ by ,sir ,j]ome ,horsey1 :o 0 entru/$ ) messages to & f ,elizabe? ( ,engl& & ,ivan ! ,t]rible ( ,russia4 ,he gives1 9 8 8,travels10 a graphic recital ( an int]view ) ,ivan j be=e ! latt]'s dea? 9 #aehd4 ,we reta9 ! ar*aic spell+ z x is reproduc$ 9 ! ,hakluyt publication f ! orig9al manuscript4 ,writ+ ( ,ivan1 ,horsey says3#dfh ,c>ri$ e daye 9 8 *air into 8 treasure4 ,"o daye ! pr9ce beckon$ me to foll[4 ,i /rode emonge ! re/ v5tur\sly1 & he>d him call = som preci\s /ones & jewells4 ,told ! pr9ce & nobles pres5t be=e & ab\te him ! virtue ( su* & su*1 :i* ,i obs]v$1 & d pray ,i may a littell degress to decl>e = my own memorie sake4 ,illu/ration3 ,facsimile page ( ,italian vellum manuscript treatise ( ! virtues ( gems4 ,italian ,,ms4 ( ! ,f\rte5? ,c5tury 9 au?or's libr>y4 ,treat+ ( ,topaz1 ,turquoise1 ,jac9?1 ,g>net1 ,*alc$ony1 ,rock-cry/al1 ,coral4 8,! load-/one y all "k ha? great & hidd5 v]tue1 )\t :i* ! seas t compas ! _w ar n navigable1 nor ! b\nds nor circles ( ! e>? _c be kn[54 ,mahomett1 ! ,p]cians pr(fit1 8 tombe ( /eell hangs 9 _! ,repatta at ,d>b5t mo/ miracul\sly0--,caus$ ! wait]s to br+e a *a9e ( n$ells t[*$ by 8 load-/one1 hang$ all "o by ! o!r4--8,?is faire currell 7coral7 & ?is faire turcas y see2 take 9 y\r h&2 ( 8 natur arr ori5t c\ll]s2 put !m on my h& & arm4 ,i am poison$ ) disease3 y see !y %ewe _! virtue by ! *a+e ( _! pure cull] into pall3 decl>es my dea?4 ,rea* owt my /aff roiall2 an unicorns horn g>ni%$ ) v]ie f>e diomondes1 rubies1 saphi]s1 em]alls & o!r preci\s /ones t ar ri* 9 vallew2 co/ #gj ?\s& m>ckes /]l+e ( ,david ,g[] f ! f[lk]s ( ,ousborghe4#dfi ,seek owt = som spid]s40 ,caus$ 8 phiziccians1 ,johannes ,ll(f1 to scrape a circle !re( ^u ! tabell2 putt )9 x "o spid] & s "o o!r & di$1 & "s o!r )\t t ran alive apace f x4--8,x is too late1 x w n pres]ve me4 ,behold ^! preci\s /ones4 ,?is diomond is ! ori5ts ri*e/ & mo/ preci\s ( all o!r4 ,i nev] affect$ x2 yt re/reyns furie & luxurie & ab/9acie & *a/icie2 ! lea/ p>cell ( x 9 p[d] w poys5 a horse geav5 to dr9ck1 mu* m a man40 ,poynts at ! ruby4 8,oh6 ?is is mo/ com=table to ! h>t1 bra9e1 vig> & memorie ( man1 cl>ifies congell$ & corrupt bl\d40--,!n at ! em]ald4--8,! natur ( ! reyn-b[e2 ?is preci\s /one is an enemye to uncleanness4 ,! saphi] ,i greatlie delight 92 yt pres]ves & increase? c\rage1 joies ! h>t1 pleas+e to all ! vitall s5sis1 preci\s & v]ie sov]aigne = ! eys1 cle>s ! sight1 takes awaye bl\d%ott & /re+!ns ! mussells & /r+s !re(40--,!n takes ! onex 9 h&4--8,all ^! are ,gods wond]full guifts1 secreats 9 natur1 & yet revells reveals !m to mans use & contemplacion1 z fr5des to grace & v]tue & enymies to vice4 ,i fa9te1 c>ie me awaye till an o!r tyme40 ,"s believ$ t :5 preci\s /ones 7 worn to relieve or prev5t disease1 x 0 important t ! diff]5t /ones %\ld be worn on diff]5t p>ts ( ! body4 ,accord+ to "o au?ority1 ! jac9? %\ld be worn on ! neck2 ! diamond1 on ! left arm2 ! sapphire1 on ! r+-f+]2 ! em]ald1 or ! jac9?1 on ! index-f+]2 & ! ruby or turquoise1 on ei!r ! index-f+] or ! little f+]4#dgj ,!re is1 h[ev]1 little reason to assume t ^! rules 7 g5]ally kn[n & obs]v$4 ,t preci\s /ones n only appeal$ to ! eye by _! beautiful colors1 b also possess$ a fragrant odor1 0 "o ( ! _m fanciful ideas reg>d+ !m4 ,if we c\ld believe ! foll[+ circum/antial acc\nt1 ?is 0 once exp]im5tally prov$3#dga ,:5 preci\s /ones are to be us$ 9 m$ic9e1 !y mu/ be pulv]iz$ until !y are r$uc$ to a p[d] s f9e t x w n grate "u ! tee?1 or1 9 ! words ( ,gal51 ?is p[d] mu/ be z impalpable 8z t :i* is bl[n into ! eyes40 ,s9ce ?is trituration is n usually op]at$ ) suffici5t c>e by ! apo!c>ies1 ,i begg$ a m$ical /ud5t1 :o 0 lodg+ ) me1 to pass an entire mon? 9 gr9d+ "s ( ^! /ones4 ,i gave him em]alds1 jac9?s1 sapphires1 rubies1 & pe>ls1 an ounce ( ea* k9d4 ,z ^! /ones 7 r\gh & :ole1 he fir/ cru%$ !m a little 9 a well-poli%$ iron mort>1 us+ a pe/le ( ! same metal2 aft]w>d he employ$ a pe/le & mort> ( glass1 devot+ sev]al h\rs ea* day to ?is "w4 ,at ! end ( ab\t ?ree weeks1 8 room1 :i* 0 r l>ge1 became r$ol5t ) a p]fume1 agreeable bo? f its v>iety & sweetness4 ,?is odor1 :i* mu* resembl$ t ( ,m>* violets1 l+]$ 9 ! room = m ?an ?ree days4 ,!re 0 no?+ 9 ! room to produce x1 s t x c]ta9ly proce$$ f ! p[d] ( preci\s /ones4 ,diamond ,( ! _m m$ic9al virtues attribut$ to ! diamond1 "o ( ! mo/ notewor?y is t ( an antidote = poisons4 ,/rangely en\gh1 ! belief 9 its efficacy 9 ?is respect 0 c\pl$ ) ! idea t ! /one 9 itself 0 a deadly poison4 ,! orig9 ( ?is latt] fancy mu/ be s\ght 9 ! tradition t ! place :]e9 ! diamonds 7 g5]at$--89 ! l& :]e x is six mon?s day & six mon?s night0--0 gu>d$ by v5om\s creatures :o1 9 pass+ ov] ! /ones1 7 w\nd$ by ! %>p po9ts ( ! cry/als1 & ?us embu$ ! /ones ) "s ( _! v5om4#dgb ,! attribution ( curative prop]ties 9 case ( poison+ arose f association ( ideas4 ,! ,lapid>io ( ,alfonso ,x recomm5ds ! diamond = diseases ( ! bladd]2 x adds1 h[ev]1 t ?is /one %\ld be us$ only 9 desp]ate cases4 ,illu/ration3 ,,initials ,,f ,,! ,,lapid>io ,,de ,,alfonso ,x 7,,xiii ,,c5tury74 ,codice ,orig9al 7fol4 #f71 publi%$ 9 ,madrid1 #ahha4 ,t on ! left figures 8! /one f\nd 9 ! sea :5 ! planet ,m>s rises02 t on ! "r1 8! /one t attracts glass40 ,au?or's libr>y4 ,illu/ration3 ,,initials ,,f ,,! ,,lapid>io ,,de ,,alfonso ,x4 ,codice ,orig9al 7fol4 #d71 publi%$ 9 ,madrid1 #ahha4 ,on ! left1 8! /one t recoils f milk02 on ! "r1 pe>l-fi%]s4 ,! diamond 0 also believ$ to af=d protection f plague or pe/il5ce1 & a pro( ( its p[]s 9 ?is direction 0 f\nd 9 ! fact t ! plague fir/ attack$ ! poor] classes1 sp>+ ! ri*1 :o c\ld af=d to adorn !mselves ) diamonds4 ,naturally1 9 common ) o!r preci\s /ones1 ?is brilliant gem 0 suppos$ to cure _m diseases4 ,m>bodus#dgc tells u t x 0 ev5 a cure = insanity4 ,9 ! ,babylonian ,talmud we read ( a m>vell\s preci\s /one belong+ to ,abraham4 ,?is 0 p]haps a diamond1 or possibly a pe>l2 ! acc\nts v>y1 & ! same ^w is (t5 us$ to designate 8preci\s /one0 & 8pe>l40 ,! foll[+ v]sion repres5ts x to be a diamond3#dgd ,r4 ,simeon1 b5 ,johanan said3 8,a diamond 0 hang+ on ,abraham's neck1 & :5 a sick man look$ ^u x he 0 cur$4 ,& :5 ,abraham pass$ away1 ! ,"l seal$ x 9 ! planet ( ! sun40 ,! ,h9dus believ$ t x 0 extremely dang]\s to use diamonds ( inf]ior quality = curative purposes1 z !y w\ld n only fail to rem$y ! disease = :i* !y 7 prescrib$1 b might cause lam5ess1 jaundice1 pleurisy1 & ev5 leprosy4 ,z to ! use ( diamonds ( good quality1 v explicit directions are giv54 ,on "s day reg>d$ z auspici\s = ! op]ation1 ! /one 0 to be dipp$ 9 ! juice ( ! kantakra 7,solanum jaquiri7 & subject$ = a :ole night to ! heat ( a fire made by dri$ pieces ( ! dung ( a c[ or ( a buffalo4 ,9 ! morn+ x 0 to be imm]s$ 9 c['s ur9e & aga9 subject$ to fire4 ,^! processes 7 to be repeat$ = sev5 days1 at ! end ( :i* t]m ! diamond c\ld be reg>d$ z purifi$4 ,aft] ?is ! /one 0 to be buri$ 9 a pa/e ( c]ta9 legum9\s se$s mix$ ) asaftida & rock salt4 ,h]e9 x 0 to be heat$ tw5ty-"o successive times1 :5 x w\ld be r$uc$ to a%es4 ,if ^! a%es 7 !n dissolv$ 9 "s liquid1 ! potion w\ld 8conduce to longevity1 g5]al developm5t ( ! body1 /r5g?1 en]gy1 beauty ( complexion1 & happ9ess10 giv+ an adamant9e /r5g? to ! limbs4#dge ,an ,au/rian nobleman1 :o = a long "t _h n be5 able to sleep )\t hav+ t]rible dreams1 0 imm$iately cur$ by we>+ a small diamond set 9 gold on 8 arm1 s t ! /one came 9 contact ) 8 sk94#dgf ,! fact t 9 ?is case1 z 9 _m o!rs1 ! /one 0 requir$ to t\* ! sk91 proves t ! effect suppos$ to be produc$ 0 n altoge!r magical1 b 9 ! nature ( a physical emanation f ! /one to ! body ( ! we>]4 ,we are told t :5 ,pope ,clem5t ,,vii 0 seiz$ by 8 la/ illness1 9 #aecd1 8 physicians resort$ to p[d]s compos$ ( v>i\s preci\s /ones4 ,9 ! space ( f\rte5 days !y are ass]t$ to h giv5 ! pope =ty ?\s& ducats' wor? ( ^! /ones1 a s+le dose co/+ z mu* z ?ree ?\s& ducats4 ,! mo/ co/ly rem$y ( all 0 a diamond adm9i/]$ to him at ,m>seilles4 ,un=tunately1 ?is lavi% exp5diture 0 ( no avail2 inde$1 accord+ to our mod]n sci5ce1 ! rem$ies might h suffic$ to end ! pope's life1 )\t ! help ( 8 disease4#dgg ,! old fancy t ! diamond grew d>k 9 ! pres5ce ( poison is expla9$ by ! ,italian physician ,gonelli z caus$ by m9ute & t5u\s p>ticles :i* emanat$ f ! poison1 imp+$ ^u ! surface ( ! diamond1 &1 unable to p5etrate its d5se mass1 accumulat$ on ! surface1 ?us produc+ a sup]ficial discoloration4 ,! diamond1 be+ a cold sub/ance1 may h cond5s$ moi/ure f ! body1 & ! "o suff]+ f ! poison may h emitt$ exudations4 ,b ?is elaborate explanation ( a ph5om5on :i* nev] exi/$ except 9 ! imag9ation ( ^? :o relat$ x is *>act]i/ic ( ,gonelli1 :o 0 always ready to elucidate 9 "s simil> way any ( ! m>vels rec\nt$ 9 reg>d to preci\s /ones4#dgh ,em]ald ,! em]ald 0 employ$ z an antidote = poisons & = poison$ w\nds1 z well z aga9/ demoniacal possession4#dgi ,if worn on ! neck x 0 said to cure ! 8semit]tian0 fev] & epilepsy4#dhj ,! use ( ! em]ald to re/ & relieve ! eye is ! only rem$ial use ( a preci\s /one m5tion$ by ,!ophra/us 9 8 treatise on gems1 writt5 9 ! ?ird c5tury ,b4,c4 ,allud+ to its p[]s z an antidote = poisons1 ,rueus ass]ts#dha t if ! weight ( eighty b>ley-corns ( its p[d] 7 giv5 to "o dy+ f ! effects ( poison1 ! dose w\ld save 8 life4 ,! ,arabs priz$ em]alds highly = ?is purpose1 & ,ab5zo> /ates t1 hav+ once tak5 a poison\s h]b1 he plac$ an em]ald 9 8 m\? & appli$ ano!r to 8 /oma*1 :]eupon he 0 entirely cur$4#dhb ,a c]ta9 cure = dys5t]y also 0 to we> an em]ald susp5d$ s t x t\*$ ! abdom5 & to place ano!r em]ald 9 ! m\?4 ,mi*aele ,pas*ali1 a le>n$ ,spani% physician ( ! sixte5? c5tury1 decl>$ t he _h effect$ a cure ( ! disease by means ( ! em]ald 9 ! case ( ,juan de ,m5doza1 a ,spani% gr&ee1 & ,wolfgang ,gabel*ov]1 ( ,calw1 9 ,wrtemb]g1 writ+ 9 #afjc1 ass]ts t he _h (t5 te/$ ! virtues ( ! em]ald 9 cases ( dys5t]y & ) inv>iable success4#dhc ,x speaks n a little = ! beauty ( ! em]ald t s good a judge ( preci\s /ones z ,pl9y %\ld h pron\nc$ ?is gem to be ! only "o t delight$ ! eye )\t fatigu+ x1 add+ t :5 ! vision 0 we>i$ by gaz+ int5tly at o!r objects1 x ga9$ r5ew$ /r5g? by view+ an em]ald4 ,s g5]al 9 ! e>ly c5turies ( our era 0 ! p]suasion t ! pure gre5 hue ( em]alds aid$ ! eyesight1 t gem engrav]s are said to h kept "s ( !m on _! "w-tables1 s z to be able to look at ! /ones f "t to "t & ?us relieve ! eye-/ra9 caus$ by close application to _! delicate task4#dhd ,psellus says t a cataplasm made ( em]alds 0 ( help to ^? suff]+ f leprosy2 he adds t if pulv]iz$ & tak5 9 wat] !y w\ld *eck hemorrhages4#dhe ,!y 7 especially comm5d$ = use z amulets to be hung on ! necks ( *ildr51 z !y 7 believ$ to w>d (f & prev5t epilepsy4 ,if1 h[ev]1 ! viol5ce ( ! disease 0 su* t x c\ld n be ov]come by ! /one1 ! latt] w\ld break4#dhf ,h]mes ,trismegi/us says ! em]ald cures oph?almia & hemorrhages4 ,! great ,h]mes mu/ h _h a special pref]5ce = ?is /one1 s9ce 8 treatise on *emi/ry 7p]i *emeias7 is said to h be5 f\nd inscrib$ on an em]ald4#dhg ,by ! ,h9du physicians ( ! ?irte5? c5tury ! em]ald 0 consid]$ to be a good laxative4 ,x cur$ dys5t]y1 dim9i%$ ! secretion ( bile1 & /imulat$ ! appetite4 ,9 %ort1 x promot$ bodily heal? & de/roy$ demoniacal influ5ces4 ,9 ! curi\s phrase ( ! s*ool ! em]ald 0 8cold & sweet40#dhh ,teifa%i 7#abdb ,a4,d47 believ$ t ! em]ald 0 a cure = hmoptysis & = dys5t]y if x 7 worn ov] ! liv] ( ! p]son affect$2 to cure ga/ric tr\bles1 ! /one 0 to be laid ^u ! /oma*4 ,fur!rmore1 ! we>] 0 protect$ f ! attacks ( v5om\s creatures1 & evil spirits 7 driv5 f ! place :]e em]alds 7 kept4#dhi ,! direction to place ! /one on ! affect$ "p1 a recomm5dation (t5 met ) 9 ! treatises on ! !rapeutic use ( ornam5tal /ones1 %[s t ^! 7 believ$ to s5d =? emanations ( subtle p[]4 ,probably en\gh1 ! brilliant play ( reflect$ light :i* proce$s f _m ( ^! gems sugge/$ ! idea t !y radiat$ a c]ta9 curative en]gy4 ,?is !ory ne$ n surprise u1 =1 al?\gh x is altoge!r fanciful 9 ! case ( ! diamond1 ruby1 em]ald1 etc41 ! newly discov]$ sub/ance1 radium1 really possesses ! active prop]ties ascrib$ by old writ]s to preci\s /ones4 ,jade ,a /one ! !rapeutic quality ( :i* 0 specializ$ is ! jade or nephrite4 ,/range to say1 al?\gh !re are v few places :]e ?is m9]al c n[ be obta9$1--! *ief s\rces ( supply be+ ! prov9ce ( ,khotan 9 ,turki/an & ,new ,zeal&1--9 prehi/oric times ! /one mu/ h be5 f\nd 9 _m diff]5t localities1 s9ce axe-heads & o!r artefacts ( jade h be5 discov]$ 9 _m l&s bo? ( ! old & new _w4 ,:5 ! ,spani>ds discov]$ & explor$ ! s\!rn "p ( ! ,am]ican cont95t1 !y came across num]\s native ornam5ts & amulets made ( jade 7jadeite7 & br\ght _m ( ^! ) !m to ,europe4 ,! "n jade is d]iv$ f ! ,spani% designation1 pi$ra de hijada1 mean+ lit]ally 8/one ( ! flank10 :i* is said to h be5 be/[$ on ! /one because ! ,indians us$ x = all diseases ( ! kidneys4 ,! "n nephrite owes its orig9 to ! same idea4 ,9 anci5t times jade appe>s to h be5 look$ ^u z a great aid 9 p>turition1 & _m +5i\s conjectures h be5 advanc$ z to ! connection betwe5 ?is belief & ! =m ( "s ( ! prehi/oric objects made ( ?is mat]ial4 ,:e!r ! ,spani>ds really le>n$ f ! ,indians t ! /one 0 especially adapt$ to cure r5al diseases1 or :e!r !y only sugge/$ ?is special & peculi> virtue 9 ord] to give an enhanc$ value to _! jade ornam5ts1 is a "q n easily answ]$4 ,an e>ly notice ( jade z a rem$ial ag5t appe>s 9 ,sir ,walt] ,raleigh's acc\nt ( 8 travels 9 ,guiana4 ,treat+ ( a p ( 8,amazons0 said to dwell 9 ! int]ior ( ! c\ntry1 ,raleigh says3#dij ,^! ,amazones h likewise great /ore ( ^! plates ( golde1 :i* !y recov] by ex*ange1 *iefly = a k9de ( gre5e /one1 :i* ! ,spani>ds call ,pi$ras ,hijadas1 & we use = sple5e /ones & = ! disease ( ! /one we also e/eeme !m3 ( ^! ,i saw div]s 9 ,guiana1 & commonly e ,k+ or ,casique ha? "o1 :i* !ire wives = ! mo/ "p we>e1 & !y e/eeme !m z great jewels4 ,by ! middle ( ! sev5te5? c5tury ! curative p[]s ( jade = ! v>i\s =ms ( calculi 0 v g5]ally admitt$4 ,a s+ul> in/ance is (f]$ u 9 "o ( ,voiture's lett]s4 ,he 0 a great suff]] f 8! /one0 & he _h receiv$1 f a ,mademoiselle ,paulet1 a beautiful jade bracelet4 ,gratefully ackn[l$g+ ! receipt ( ?is peculi> gift1 he expresses himself 9 ! foll[+ frank way1 a mixture ( indelicacy & gallantry t seems /range to u3 8,if ! /ones y h giv5 me d n break m9e1 !y w at lea/ make me be> my suff]+s pati5tly2 & x seems to me t ,i ought n to compla9 ( my colic1 s9ce x has procur$ me ?is happ9ess40 ,! "n us$ = jade by ,voiture1 8l'jade10 suppli$ a miss+ l9k 9 ! d]ivation ( our "n jade f ! ,spani% hijada4 ,:5 ! lady's gift 0 receiv$ by ,voiture1 "s fri5ds *anc$ to be pres5t1 & !y 7 dispos$ to reg>d x z a tok5 ( love until he assur$ !m t x 0 only a rem$y4 ,x appe>s t ,mlle4 ,paulet 0 a fell[ suff]]1 &1 allud+ to ?is1 ,voiture writes3 8,on ?is occasion ! jade _h = y an effect y did n expect f x1 & its virtue def5d$ y\r own40#dia ,r5al calculi & poetry d n seem to h mu* 9 common1 b ! foll[+ l9es freely r5d]$ f an old ,italian poem on ! subject by ,ciri de ,p]s %[ t ev5 ?is unpromis+ !me is susceptible ( poetic treatm5t3#dib 8,o!r :ite /ones s]ve to m>k happy days1 ,b m9e d m>k days full ( pa9 & gloom4 ,to build a palace1 or a temple fair1 ,/ones %\ld be us$2 b m9e d s]ve ,to wreck ! fle%ly temple ( my s\l4 99 99 99 99 99 ,well d ,i "k t ,dea? do? :et 8 glaive ,^u ^! /ones1 & t ! m>ble :ite ,t gr[s 9 me is !re to =m my tomb40 ,z jade 0 & /ill is ! mo/ favor$ /one 9 ,*9a1 al?\gh nev] f\nd )9 ! b\nd>ies ( ,*9a prop]1 x 0 v naturally accord$ wond]ful m$ical virtues4 ,an old ,*9ese encyclop$ia1 ! "w ( ,li ,%e ,*an1 & pres5t$ by him to ! emp]or ,wan ,lih ( ! ,m+ dyna/y1 9 #aeif1 conta9s _m int]e/+ notices ( jade4 ,:5 r$uc$ to a p[d] ( ! size ( rice gra9s x /r5g!n$ ! lungs1 ! he>t1 & ! vocal organs1 & prolong$ life1 m especially if gold & silv] 7 add$ to ! jade p[d]4 ,ano!r1 & c]ta9ly a pleasant] way ( absorb+ ?is preci\s m9]al1 0 to dr9k :at 0 en?usia/ically call$ ! 8div9e liquor ( jade40 ,to concoct ?is elixir equal p>ts ( jade1 rice1 & dew-wat] 7 put into a copp] pot & boil$1 ! resultant liquid be+ c>efully filt]$4 ,?is mixture 0 said to /r5g!n ! muscles & make !m supple1 to h>d5 ! bones1 to calm ! m9d1 to enri* ! fle%1 & to purify ! blood4 ,:oev] took x = a long space ( "t ceas$ to suff] f ei!r heat or cold & no long] felt ei!r hung] or ?ir/4 ,gal5 7b4 ca4 #acj ,a4,d47 wrote ?us ( ! gre5 jasp]3#dic ,"s h te/ifi$ to a virtue 9 c]ta9 /ones1 & ?is is true ( ! gre5 jasp]1 t is to say1 ?is /one aids ! /oma* & navel by contact4 ,& "s1 !re=e1 set ! /one 9 r+s & engrave on x a dragon surr\nd$ by rays1 accord+ to :at ,k+ ,ne*epsos has transmitt$ to po/]ity 9 ! f\rte5? book 7( 8 works74 ,inde$1 ,i myself h ?or\ghly te/$ ?is /one1 = ,i hung a necklace compos$ ( !m ab\t my neck s t !y t\*$ ! navel1 & ,i receiv$ n less b5efit f !m ?an ,i w\ld _h !y borne ! engrav+ ( :i* ,ne*epsos wrote4 ,ruby ,sanskrit m$ical lit]ature z repres5t$ by ,nah>>i1 a physician ( ,ca%m]e1 :o wrote 9 ! ?irte5? c5tury1 f9ds 9 ! ruby a valuable rem$y = flatul5cy & bili\sness4 ,moreov]1 aside f ^! special uses1 an elixir ( great pot5cy c\ld be made f rubies by ^? :o prop]ly und]/ood ! employm5t ( preci\s /ones 9 ! comp\nd+ ( m$ic9es4#did ,?is fam\s 8ruby elixir0 may h _h little 9 common ) ! /one except its color1 z su* rem$ies 7 g5]ally said to h be5 made by "s secret & my/]i\s process1 9 ! c\rse ( :i* all mat]ial evid5ce ( ! pres5ce ( any preci\s /one or /ones completely disappe>$4 ,sapphire ,"o ( ! e>lie/ specim5s ( ,engli% lit]ature1 ,william ,langley's 8,vision ( ,william conc]n+ ,pi]s ! ,pl[man0 7writt5 ab\t #acgg71 conta9s a m5tion ( ! sapphire z a cure = disease3#die ,i look$ on my left half z e lady me taughte ,& 0 w> ( a woman wor!li yeclo!d1 ,purfil$ ) pelure#dif e f9e/ vpon er!1 ,y-cr[n$ ) a corone e kyng ha? none bett]4 ,fetisli*#dig hir fyngres 7 frett$#dih ) gold wyre1 ,& ere-on r$ rubyes z r$ z any gl$e1#dii ,& diamants ( d]re/ pris1 & d\ble man]e saff]es1 ,ori5tales & ewages#ejj enu5ymes#eja to de/roye4 ,among ! ri* gifts (f]$ at ! %r9e ( ,/4 ,erk9wald1 9 ,old ,sa9t ,paul's1 0 a sapphire giv5 9 #acia by ,ri*>d ,pre/on1 8a citiz5 & groc] ( ,london40 ,he /ipulat$ t ! /one %\ld be kept at ! %r9e = ! cure ( diseases ( ! eyes1 & t proclamation %\ld be made ( its rem$ial virtues4 ,/4 ,erk9wald 0 ! son ( ,(fa1 ,k+ ( ! ,ea/ ,saxons1 & 0 conv]t$ to ,*ri/ianity by ,melittus1 ! fir/ bi%op ( ,london4 ,9 #fge ,a4,d4 he himself became bi%op ( ,london1 be+ ! ?ird to atta9 t rank aft] ! dea? ( ,melittus4 ,8 body 0 int]r$ 9 ! ca!dral1 & 8 %r9e1 :i* 0 ri*ly embelli%$ dur+ ! reign ( ,edw>d ,,iii 7#acbg-acgg71 receiv$ _m valuable donations4#ejb ,! usefulness ( ! sapphire z an eye/one = ! removal ( all impurities or =eign bodies f ! eye is not$ by ,alb]tus ,magnus1 :o writes t he _h se5 x employ$ = ?is purpose4 ,he adds t :5 a sapphire 0 us$ 9 ?is way x %\ld be dipp$ 9 cold wat] bo? be=e & aft] ! op]ation4#ejc ,?is 0 probably n s mu* to make ! /one cold] to ! t\* z to cleanse x1 c]ta9ly a v necess>y proce$+ :5 ! same /one 0 us$ by _m p]sons suff]+ f contagi\s diseases ( ! eyes4 ,ri*>d ,pre/on's sapphire appe>s to h be5 only "o ( a class reg>d$ z hav+ special virtue to cure diseas$ eyes1 z is %[n by ! exi/5ce ( v>i\s o!r simil> sapphires 9 diff]5t p>ts ( ,europe4 ,x is n v easy to det]m9e ! precise reason--if !re be "o--:i* r5d]$ any s+le sapphire m useful ?an ano!r 9 ?is respect4 ,an entry 9 ! inv5tory ( ,*>les ,v notes 8an oval ,ori5tal sapphire = t\*+ ! eyes1 set 9 a b& ( gold40#ejd ,possibly ! fact t a p>ticul> gem ( ?is k9d 0 us$ rem$ially1 & 0 n set = we> z an ornam5t1 may h be5 ! only cause = a belief 9 its special virtue4 ,t ! sapphire %\ld h be5 reg>d$ z especially valuable = ! cure ( eye diseases s]ves to illu/rate ! wide-rea*+ & p]si/5t influ5ce ( ,egyptian ?\ght1 & ! curi\s trans=mations ?r\gh :i* an orig9ally reasonable idea may pass 9 ! c\rse ( "t4 ,we h already not$ t ! sapphire ( ! anci5ts 0 our lapis-lazuli1 & 9 ! ,eb]s ,papyrus lapis-lazuli is giv5 z "o ( ! +r$i5ts ( an eye-wa%4 ,?is +r$i5t is believ$ to h orig9ally be5 ! oxide ( copp] sometimes call$ lapis ,arm5us1 a mat]ial possess+ m>k$ a/r+5t prop]ties1 & :i* might be us$ to advantage 9 c]ta9 morbid conditions ( ! eye4 ,lapis-lazuli1 ano!r blue /one1 0 lat] sub/itut$ because ( its great] intr9sic value1 its simil>ity ( color r5d]+ x equally efficaci\s accord+ to primitive ideas on ?is subject4 ,:51 h[ev]1 9 m$ieval times1 ! "n sapphire came to signify ! blue corundum gem kn[n to u by ?is designation1 ! special curative virtues ( ! lapis-lazuli 7 transf]r$ to ?is /ill m valuable /one4 ,! prop] me?od ( apply+ a sapphire to cure plague boils is giv5 at "s l5g? by ,van ,helmont4 ,a gem ( a f9e1 deep color 0 to be select$ & rubb$ g5tly & sl[ly ar\nd ! pe/il5tial tumor4 ,dur+ & imm$iately aft] ?is op]ation1 ! pati5t w\ld feel b little alleviation2 b a good :ile aft] ! removal ( ! /one1 favorable symptoms w\ld appe>1 provid$ ! malady 7 n too f> advanc$4 ,?is ,van ,helmont attributes to a magnetic =ce 9 ! sapphire by means ( :i* ! abs5t gem cont9u$ to extract 8! pe/il5tial virul5cy & contagi\s poyson f ! infect$ "p40#eje ,topaz ,! use ( a topaz to cure dimness ( vision is /rongly recomm5d$ by ,/4 ,hildeg>d4 ,to atta9 ! desir$ end ! /one 0 to be plac$ 9 w9e & left !re = ?ree days & ?ree nights4 ,:5 retir+ to sleep1 ! pati5t %\ld rub 8 eyes ) ! moi/5$ topaz1 s t ?is moi/ure lightly t\*$ ! eyeball4 ,aft] ! /one _h be5 remov$1 ! w9e c\ld be us$ = five days4#ejf ,a ,roman physician ( ! fifte5? c5tury 0 reput$ to h wr\ght _m wond]ful cures ( ^? /rick5 by ! plague1 ?r\gh t\*+ ! plague sores ) a topaz :i* _h belong$ to two popes1 ,clem5t ,,vi & ,gregory ,,ii4 ,! fact t ?is p>ticul> topaz _h be5 9 ! h&s ( two supreme pontiffs mu/ h add$ mu* to ! fai? repos$ 9 ! curative p[]s ( ! /one by ^? ^u :om x 0 us$1 & ?is fai? may really h help$ to ha/5 _! recov]y4#ejg ,blood/one ,a hi/orical in/ance ( ! use ( ! blood/one to *eck a hemorrhage is record$ 9 ! case ( ,giorgio ,vas>i 7#aead-aegh71 ! au?or ( ! lives ( ! ,italian pa9t]s ( ! ,r5aissance p]iod4 ,on a c]ta9 occasion1 :5 ! pa9t] ,luca ,signorelli 7#adci-aeba7 0 plac+ "o ( 8 pictures 9 a *ur* at ,arezzo1 ,vas>i1 :o 0 pres5t1 0 seiz$ ) a viol5t hemorrhage & fa9t$ away4 ,)\t a mom5t's hesitation1 ,signorelli took f 8 pocket a blood/one amulet & slipp$ x d[n betwe5 ,vas>i's %\ld]-blades4 ,! hemorrhage is said to h ceas$ imm$iately4#ejh ,! blood/one 0 us$ z a rem$y by ! ,indians ( ,new ,spa91 & ,mon>des notes t !y (t5 cut ! mat]ial into ! %ape ( he>ts4 ,?is seems a v appropriate =m = an object us$ to *eck hemorrhages4 ,! be/ effect 0 atta9$ :5 ! /one 0 fir/ dipp$ 9 cold wat] & !n held by ! pati5t 9 8 "r h&4 ,( c\rse ! application ( any cold object w\ld s]ve to congeal ! blood1 b ! connection ) ! he>t vani%es 9 ! direction to place ! /one 9 ! "r h&4 ,mon>des /ates t bo? ,spani>ds & ,indians us$ ! blood/one 9 ?is way4#eji ,! ,franciscan fri> ,b]n>d9o de ,sahagun1 a mission>y to ! ,mexican ,indians1 %ortly aft] ! ,spani% ,conque/1 writes t 9 #aegf he cur$ _m natives :o 7 at ! po9t ( dea? f hemorrhage1 a result ( ! plague1 by caus+ !m to hold 9 ! h& a piece ( blood/one4 ,by ?is means he claims to h sav$ _m lives4#eaj ,rob]t ,boyle1 9 8 8,essay ab\t ! ,orig9 & ,virtues ( ,gems0 7,london1 #afgb1 pp4 #agg-gh71 tells ( a g5tleman ( 8 acqua9tance :o 0 8( a complexion extraord9>y sangu910 & 0 mu* afflict$ ) ble$+ ( ! nose4 ,a g5tlewoman s5t to him a blood/one1 direct+ him to we> x susp5d$ f 8 neck1 & f ! "t he put x on he 0 no long] tr\bl$ ) 8 malady4 ,x recurr$1 h[ev]1 if he remov$ ! /one4 ,:5 ,boyle object$ t ?is might be a result ( imag9ation1 8 fri5d dispos$ ( 8 objection by relat+ ! in/ance ( a woman to :om ! /one _h be5 appli$ :5 %e 0 unconsci\s f loss ( blood4 ,nev]!less1 z soon z x t\*$ h]1 ! fl[ ( blood 0 *eck$4 ,boyle /ates t ?is /one did n seem to him to resemble a true blood/one4 ,x may h be5 t ! cold ( ! /one congeal$ ! blood1 or t ! fl[ 0 *eck$ by exhau/ion4 ,index ,a ,a>on1 #ajb1 #bgg1 #cjj1 #caj1 #cah ,abdul ,hamid1 ,sultan1 #aci ,abraham1 diamond (1 #cgg lum9\s /ones 9 8 city1 #afa1 #bgf ,abrasax 7,abraxas71 #abf-acj mean+ ( "n1 #abg ,acro/ics express$ ) /ones1 #cei-cfb ,adamas 7diamond871 #ci1 #ie1 #aeg1 #afc ( high-prie/1 #bgh ,adam's ,peak1 ,ceylon1 gems f1 #ge ,adelb]t1 ,/41 #afd lian1 #afa tites1 #cd ,agalmatolite1 #dh ,agate1 #ea-ed1 #acb1 #bcf1 #bcg1 #bfe1 #bif1 #cje1 #ccf amulets 9 ! ,s\dan1 #ed amulets (1 cut 9 ,id> & ,ob]/e91 #ed b&$1 #ci1 #bcc1 #bif coral1 = 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,c]rillos1 ,n4 ,m41 turquoise f1 #aaa1 #aab ,l\is ,,xiv1 #bba ,luca b5 ,co/a1 #bia ,lucian1 #agg1 #bcg 8,lucky /ones0 7gypsum71 f ,niag>a ,falls1 #hj ,lum9\s /ones1 #aja1 #agd 9 ,abraham's city1 #afa1 #bgf ( ,a/>te1 #afc ( ,egmund ,abbey1 #afd ( ,emp]or ,manuel's ?rone1 #aff ( ,h5ri ,,ii ( ,france1 #aff ( ,k+ ( ,siam1 #fb ( ,noah 9 ! ,ark1 #afa1 #bgf ( ,/4 ,elizabe?'s %r9e1 #afe tale (1 by lian1 #afa1 #afb 8,lun>-/one10 #afh ,lu!r1 ,m>t91 #bid tale ( amulet v5d] by1 #de1 #df ,ly*nus or ly*nitis 7a sp9el871 #afb1 #afc1 #ceg ,lydian /one1 #afc ,lyncurius1 #ef1 #bie ,m ,macon1 ,ga41 c\rt decision ab\t load/one1 #if ,maet]l9ck1 ,mme41 #gf ,magatama amulets ( ,japanese1 #bfe ,magical influ5ces ( /ones1 #c1 #e1 #f1 #g1 #db ,magnes1 reput$ discov]] ( load/one1 #ic ,magnet ,cove1 ,ark41 load/one f1 #if ,mah>atnani1 five *ief gems ( ! naoratna1 #bdb ,mala*ite1 #h1 #cg1 #bii z a *ild's amulet1 #ig to protect f ,evil ,eye1 #acg to protect f falls1 #ig m9es (1 #ig ,manassah1 #bhh1 #bhi ,m&eville1 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cap4 vii4 #eb ,belleau1 8uvres potiques10 ed4 ,m>ty-,laveaux1 ,p>is1 #ahgh1 vol4 ii1 pp4 #agb sqq4 ,! poem 9 :i* ?is tale occurs is ! 8,am\rs et n\veaux es*anges des pi]res prcieuses10 writt5 9 #aegf & d$icat$ to ,h5ri ,,iii4 #ec ,rose1 8,ari/otles de lapidibus und ,arnoldus ,saxo10 9 ,zeits*r4 fr ,d4 ,alt41 ,new ,s]ies1 vol4 vi1 p4 #dca4 #ed ,konrad von ,meg5b]g1 8,bu* d] ,natur10 ed4 by ,dr4 ,franz ,pfeiff]1 ,/uttg>t1 #ahfa1 p4 #dcf4 #ee ,pitra1 8,specilegium ,solesm5se10 ,p>isiis1 #ahee1 vol4 iii1 p4 #cbe4 #ef ,kropats*ek1 8,de amuletorum apud antiquos usu10 ,gryphi1 #aijg1 p4 #af4 #eg ,c>dani1 8,philosophi op]a qudam lectu digna10 ,basile1 #aehe1 p4 #cbc4 8,de gemmis40 #eh ,rumphius1 8,ambo9s*e ,r>iteitkam]10 ,am/]dam1 #agda1 p4 #cjh4 #ei ,goe! ,we//]li*] ,divan ,i1 ,seg5spfnd]4 #fj 8,lapid>io del ,rey ,d4 ,alfonso ,x10 codice orig9al1 ,madrid1 #ahha1 fol4 #gg1 p4 #di4 #fa ,h5dley1 8,indian ,jewell]y10 ,london1 #aiji1 p4 #aeh4 #fb ,arakel1 8,livre d'hi/oire10 *ap4 liii2 transl4 9 ,brosset1 8,collection d'hi/ori5s armni5s10 ,/4 ,pt]sburg1 #ahgd1 vol4 i1 pp4 #edd1 #ede4 #fc ,josephi ,gonelli1 8,!saurus philosophicus1 seu de gemmis10 ,neapoli1 #agjb1 p4 #aab4 #fd 8,gemm>um et lapidum hi/oria10 ,lug4 ,bat41 #afcf1 p4 #bcj4 #fe ,aga?>cides1 8,de ,m>#a ,ery?ro10 #b4 ,! topaz ( ! anci5ts 0 unque/ionably ! gem commonly call$ *rysolite at pres5t 7oliv9e1 p]idot74 #ff ,diodorus ,siculus1 lib4 iii1 cap4 #ch4 #fg ,pl9ii1 8,naturalis ,hi/oria10 lib4 xxxvii1 cap4 #cb4 #fh ,m>bodei1 8,de lapidibus10 ,friburgi1 #aeca1 fol4 #af4 #fi ,volm>1 ,/e9bu*1 ed4 by ,hans ,lambel1 ,heilbronn1 #ahgg1 p4 #bb4 #gj ,alb]ti ,magni1 8,op]a ,omnia10 ed4 ,borgnet1 ,p>isiis1 #ahij1 vol4 v1 p4 #dc4 ,de m9]alibus1 lib4 ii1 tract4 #b4 #ga ,bau]1 8,edel/e9kunde10 ,leipzig1 #aiji1 p4 #gej4 #gb ,alb]tus ,magnus1 8,le ,gr& ,alb]t des secretz des v]tus des ,h]bes1 ,pi]res et ,be/es4 ,et aultre livre des ,m]veilles du ,monde1 d'aulcuns effetz causez daulcunes be/es10 ,tur91 ,b]n>d du mont du ,*at 7c4 #aeae74 ,liv4 ii1 fol4 #i recto4 #gc ,bellucci1 8,il feticismo primitivo 9 ,italia10 ,p]ugia1 #aijg1 pp4 #bb-be4 #gd 8,de lapidibus10 ,friburgi1 #aeca1 f4 #h4 #ge ,/4 ,hildeg>d1 8,op]a ,omnia10 9 ,pat4 ,lat4 ed ,migne1 vol4 cxcvii1 col4 #abed4 #gf 8,de gemmis10 ,tiguri1 #aeff1 f4 #eb4 #gg 8,philosophi op]a qudam lectu digna10 ,basile1 #aehe1 p4 #cbb4 8,de gemmis40 #gh ,anonym\s writ] 9 ,ital4 ,,ms4 ( ! f\rte5? c5tury 9 ! au?or's libr>y2 fol4 #da p4 v]so4 #gi ,see page #bgh = description ( ?is diamond by ,/4 ,epiphanius4 #hj ,f9ot1 8,les lapidaires indi5s10 ,p>is1 #ahif1 p4 #i4 #ha ,f9ot1 8,les lapidaires indi5s10 ,p>is1 #ahif1 p4 #h4 #hb ,f9ot1 l4 c41 p4 #i4 #hc ,konrad von ,meg5b]g1 8,bu* d] ,natur10 ed4 by ,dr4 ,franz ,pfeiff]1 ,/uttg>t1 #ahfa1 p4 #dcc4 #hd ,new edition ( ! ,babylonian ,talmud1 ed4 & trans4 by ,mi*ael ,l4 ,rodk9son1 vol4 v 7xiii71 ,baba ,batra1 ,new ,york1 #aijb1 p4 #bjg4 #he ,ratzel1 8,vlk]kunde10 ,leipzig1 #ahhe1 vol4 i1 p4 #cf4 #hf ,dr4 ,julius ,ruska1 8,das ,/e9bu* aus d] ,kosmographie des al-,kazw9i10 ,beilage zum ,jahresb]i*t #ahid-e d] ,ob]reals*ule ,heidelb]g1 p4 #ce4 ,see ,ari/oteles ,de ,lapidibus und ,arnoldus ,saxo1 ed4 ,rose1 ,z4f4,d4,a4 ,new ,s]ies ,,vi1 pp4 #cfd1 #cfe1 #chi1 #cij4 ,! 8o!r writ]0 is probably ,ahm$ ,teifa%i4 #hg ,! "w on preci\s /ones attribut$ to ,ari/otle 0 compos$ 9 ,arabic probably 9 ! n9? c5tury4 #hh ,teifa%i1 8,fior di p5si]i sulle pietre preziose10 ,fir5zi1 #ahah1 p4 #ac4 #hi ,proc4 ( ! ,royal ,iri% ,academy1 #b;d ,s]41 ,polite ,lit]ature & ,antiquities1 vol4 ii1 ,dubl91 #ahgi-ahhh1 p4 #cjc4 #ij ,epiphanii1 8,de ,,xii gemmis10 ,tiguri1 #aefe1 fol4 #e4 #ia ,morales1 8,de las pi$ras preciosas10 ,valladolid1 #afjd1 fol4 #aja4 #ib ,m>bodei1 8,de lapidibus10 ,friburgi1 #aeca1 fol4 #dh2 ,camilli ,leon>di1 8,speculum lapidum10 ,v5etia1 #aejb1 fol4 xliii4 #ic ,fol4 #ee recto ( ,ital4 ,,ms41 #ad? ,c5tury4 ,ref]5ce is to ,bela ,,iv 7#abce-abgj74 ,lo reo dilug>ia bela loqale 9 di no/ri tempi regna4 #id ,weil1 8,biblis*e ,leg5d510 p4 #bbe4 #ie ,c>dani1 8,philosophi op]a qudam10 ,basile1 #aehe1 p4 #cbh4 8,de gemmis40 #if ,alb]tus ,magnus1 8,le ,gr& ,alb]t des secrets des v]tus des ,h]bes1 ,pi]res et ,be/es4 ,et aultre livre des ,m]veilles du ,monde1 d'aulcuns effetz causez daulcunes be/es10 ,tur91 ,b]n>d du mont du ,*at 7c4 #aeae74 ,liv4 ii1 fol4 #aa4 #ig 8,naturalis hi/oria10 lib4 xxxvii1 cap4 #fj4 #ih ,george ,h4 ,pepp]1 8,! ,exploration ( a ,burial-room 9 ,pueblo ,bonito1 ,new ,mexico10 ,putnam ,anniv]s>y ,volume1 ,new ,york1 #aiji1 p4 #bci2 ,fig4 #e4 #ii ,m>bodei1 8,de lapidibus10 ,friburgi1 #aeca1 fol4 #ch4 #ajj ,c>dani1 8,philosophi op]a qudam10 ,basile1 #aehe1 p4 #cbc4 8,de gemmis40 #aja ,s4 ,hildeg>d1 ,op]a omnia2 94 ,pat4 ,lat4 ed4 ,j4 ,p4 ,migne1 vol4 cxcvii1 ,p>isiis1 #ahee1 col4 #abea4 #ajb ,c>dani1 8,de subtilitate10 ,basile1 #aefj1 pp4 #ddb-c4 #ajc ,*alfant1 8,e>ly ,*9ese ,writ+10 ,mem4 ( ,c>negie ,museum1 vol4 iv1 ,no4 #a1 ,pittsburg1 #aijf1 p4 #aj & ,pl4 ,,xx1 ,no4 #bge4 ,see also ,pl4 ,x1 ,no4 #acb2 pei1 8%ell10 8value10 z %ells 7 us$ z money 9 v anci5t times4 #ajd ,*alfant1 8,e>ly ,*9ese ,writ+10 ,pl4 ,,xxii1 ,no4 #bii4 #aje 8,catalogue ( ! ,woodw>d ,collection ( ,jades & o!r ,h>d ,/ones10 by ,john ,getz1 ,privately pr9t$ 7,new ,york71 #aiac1 p4 #aa1 ,no4 #bd4 #ajf ,zelia ,nuttall1 8,! ,fundam5tal ,pr9ciples ( ,old & ,new ,_w ,civilization10 ,cambridge1 ,mass41 #aija1 p4 #aie4 ,ar*ological & ,e?nographical ,pap]s ( ! ,peabody ,museum1 ,h>v>d ,univ]sity1 vol4 ii4 #ajg ,! ,bi%op ,collection4 8,inve/igations & ,/udies 9 ,jade10 ,new ,york1 privately pr9t$1 #aijf1 vol4 i1 pt4 iii1 8,jade z a ,m9]al10 by ,george ,fr$]ick ,kunz1 p4 #aag4 ,nos4 #dba & #fdf ( ! collection are excell5t examples ( ?is special jade4 #ajh ,! ,bi%op ,collection4 8,inve/igations & ,/udies 9 ,jade10 ,new ,york1 #aijf1 vol4 i1 p4 #ab4 ,privately pr9t$ & edition limit$ to #ajj copies4 ,= a description ( ?is monum5tal "w see 8,! ,pr9t$ ,catalogue ( ! ,heb] ,r4 ,bi%op ,collection ( ,jade10 by ,george ,fr$]ick ,kunz1 supplem5t to ! ,bullet9 ( ! ,metropolitan ,museum ( ,art = ,may1 #aijf1 ,occasional ,notes1 ,no4 #a4 #aji ,see ,fis*]1 8,ueb] die ,nephrit9du/rie d] ,maoris 9 ,neuseel&10 ,ar*iv fr ,an?ropologie1 vol4 xv1 ,brauns*weig1 #ahhd1 pp4 #dfc-dff4 #aaj ,k+'s v]sion 9 8 ,natural ,hi/ory ( ,preci\s ,/ones1 ,london1 #ahfe1 p4 #chb4 #aaa ,pitra1 8,specilegium ,solesm5se10 ,p>isiis1 #ahee1 p4 #cbh4 #aab ,epiphanius1 8,de ,,xii gemmis10 ,tiguri1 #aefe1 fols4 #g1 #h4 #aac ,birl+]1 8,kle9]e deuts*e ,spra*d5kml]10 9 ,g]mania1 vol4 viii 7#ahfc71 p4 #cjb4 #aad ,b>tolomi ,anglici 8,de proprietatibus r]um10 ,london1 ,wynkyn de ,worde1 #adie1 lib4 xvi1 cap4 #ea1 ,de ,jaspide4 ,old ,engli% v]sion by ,john ( ,trevisa4 #aae ,ho]nes1 8,urges*i*te d] bild5d5 ,kun/10 ,wi51 #ahih1 pp4 #bb1 #bd4 #aaf ,dupont1 8,l'homme p5dant les ges de la pi]re10 ,brussels1 #ahgb1 pp4 #aef sqq4 #aag ,pepp]1 8,! ,exploration ( a ,burial-room 9 ,pueblo ,bonito10 ,putnam ,anniv]s>y ,volume1 ,new ,york1 #aiji1 p4 #bcg4 #aah ,w>d1 8,seal ,cyl9d]s ( ,we/]n ,asia10 ,wa%+ton1 ,d4 ,c41 #aiaj1 p4 #aba2 cit+ ,ja/r[1 8,religion10 p4 #cjc4 #aai ,alb]tus ,magnus1 8,le ,gr& ,alb]t des secretz des v]tus des ,h]bes1 ,pi]res et ,be/es4 ,et aultre livre des ,m]veilles du ,monde1 d'aulcuns effetz causez daulcunes be/es10 ,tur91 ,b]n>d du mont du ,*at 7c4 #aeae74 ,liv4 ii1 fol4 #aa1 recto4 #abj ,! ,timu ( ,plato1 ed4 by ,r4 ,r4 ,ar*]-,h9d1 ,london1 #ahhh1 p4 #cjb1 note4 #aba ,pl9ii1 8,hi/oria naturalis10 ,v5etiis1 #aejg1 fol4 #bfi v]so1 lib4 xxxvi1 cap4 #af4 #abb ,pl9ii1 l4 c41 fol4 #bed1 v]so1 lib4 xxxiv1 cap4 #ad4 #abc ,k+'s metrical v]sion 9 8 8,natural ,hi/ory ( ,gems10 ,london1 #ahfe1 p4 #bbf4 #abd ,john ( ,trevisa's v]sion 7made 9 #acif7 ( ,b>?olomu ,anglicus' 8,de proprietatibus r]um10 ,london1 ,wynkyn de ,worde1 #adie1 lib4 xvi1 cap4 #dc1 ,de ,magnete4 #abe ,b>tolomi ,anglici1 8,de proprietatibus r]um10 l4 c4 #abf ,lucian1 ,imag4 ,i4 #abg ,klapro?1 8,lettre ,m4 le ,b>on ,a4 de ,humboldt sur l'inv5tion de la b\ssole10 ,p>is1 #ahcd1 p4 #bj4 #abh ,f ,el ,kazw9i's 8,adjl el makluquat02 cit$ 9 m>g9al note1 vol4 i1 pp4 #caj1 #caa1 ( ,el ,damu's 8,hayat el hayaun10 ,cairo1 #acac 7#ahie74 #abi ,kunz1 8,gems & ,preci\s ,/ones ( ,nor? ,am]ica10 ,new ,york1 #ahij1 p4 #aib4 #acj ,m>bodei1 8,de lapidibus10 ,friburgi1 #aeca1 fol4 #ea2 ,camilli ,leon>di1 8,speculum lapidum10 ,v5etia1 #aejb1 fol4 xxxviii4 #aca ,*iocci1 8,museum ,calceol>ium10 ,v]on1 #afbb1 p4 #bbg4 #acb ,de ,boot1 8,gemm>um et lapidum hi/oria10 ,lug4 ,bat41 #afcf1 p4 #bfd1 lib4 ii1 cap4 #aac4 #acc ,m>bodei1 8,de lapidibus10 ,friburgi1 #aeca1 fol4 #ea4 #acd 8,les secrets de la ,lune10 ,p>is1 #aega4 #ace ,c>dani1 8,de subtilitate10 lib4 vii1 ,basile1 #aefj1 p4 #dfd4 #acf 8,h&book ( ,am]ican ,indians ,nor? ( ,mexico10 ed4 by ,fr$]ick ,webb ,hodge2 ,smi?sonian ,in/42 ,bur4 ,am4 ,e?n41 ,bull4 #cj2 ,wa%+ton1 #aiaj1 ,pt4 #b1 p4 #cca4 #acg ,kunz1 8,gems & ,preci\s ,/ones ( ,nor? ,am]ica10 ,new ,york1 #ahij1 pp4 #bii1 #cjj4 #ach ,sancti ,eusebii ,hi]onymi 8,op]a ,omnia10 ed4 ,migne1 vol4 iv1 ,p>isiis1 #ahfe1 col4 #ede4 #aci ,pfizmei]1 8,beitrge zur ,ges*i*te d] ,edel/e95 und des ,goldes10 ,sitzungsb]i*t d4 phil4 hi/4 ,kl41 ,wi51 vol4 lviii1 #ahfh1 p4 #bjj4 #adj ,pfizmei]1 l4 c41 p4 #bja4 #ada ,g>be1 8,die indis*e ,m9]ali52 ,nah>>i's ,rjanighantu1 ,v>ga ,,xiii10 ,leipzig1 #ahhb1 p4 #gj4 #adb ,epiplianii1 8,de ,,xii gemmis10 ,tiguri1 #aefe1 fol4 #e4 #adc ,camilli ,leon>di1 8,speculum lapidum10 ,v5etia1 #aejb1 fol4 xxvi4 #add ,panni]1 8,les lapidaires franais10 ,p>is1 #ahhb1 pp4 #bdf1 #bfd1 #bie4 ,cit$ 9 ,s*(ield1 8,! ,pe>l10 ,pub4 ( ,mod4 ,lang4 ,asso4 ( ,am41 vol4 xxiv1 ,pt4 #d1 p4 #eii4 #ade ,sur9dro ,mohun ,tagore1 8,mani ,ml10 ,pt4 ,i1 ,calcutta1 #ahgi1 p4 #aii4 #adf 8,le gr& lapidaire de ,jean de ,m&eville10 f ! ed4 ( #aefa1 ed4 by ,j4 ,s4 del ,sotto1 ,vi5ne1 #ahfb1 p4 #h4 #adg ,taw ,se9 ,ko1 communication f 8 8,burmese ,necromancy40 #adh ,pitra1 8,specilegium ,solesm5se10 ,p>isiis1 #ahee1 vol4 iii1 p4 #cbh4 #adi ,epiphanii1 8,de ,,xii gemmis10 ,tiguri1 #aefe1 fol4 #f4 #aej ,m>bodei1 8,de lapidibus10 ,friburgi1 #aeca1 fols4 #df1 #dg4 #aea ,b>tolomi ,anglici1 8,de proprietatibus r]um10 ,london1 ,wynkyn de ,worde1 #adie1 lib4 xvi1 cap4 #hf1 ,de ,saphiro4 #aeb ,old ,engli% = spid]4 #aec ,b>tolomu ,anglicus1 l4 c4 #aed ,! subject ( ! orig91 developm5t & re=m ( ! c>at-weight has be5 fully treat$ by ! au?or 9 ! ,trans4 ( ! ,soc4 ( ,m94 ,eng9e]s1 #aiac1 pp4 #abbe-abde1 8,! ,new ,int]national ,metric ,diamond ,c>at ( #bjj milligrams40 #aee ,m>bodei1 8,de lapidibus10 ,friburgi1 #aeca1 fol4 #ej1 note ( ,pictor ,vill5g5sis4 #aef ,bellucci1 8,il feticismo primitivo 9 ,italia10 ,p]ugia1 #aijg1 pp4 #be1 #bf4 #aeg ,volm>1 8,/e9bu*10 ed4 by ,hans ,lambel1 ,heilbronn1 #ahgg1 p4 #ai4 #aeh ,de ,boot1 8,gemm>um et lapidum hi/oria10 ,lug4 ,bat41 #afcf1 pp4 #bff-bfh4 #aei ,de ,boot1 8,gemm>um et lapidum hi/oria10 ,lug4 ,bat41 #afcf1 pp4 #afi1 #agj4 #afj ,de ,boot1 l4 c41 p4 #bgj4 #afa ,h5dley1 8,indian ,jewelry10 ,london1 #aiji1 p4 #aeh4 #afb ,kunz1 8,gems & ,preci\s ,/ones ( ,nor? ,am]ica10 ,new ,york1 #ahij1 pp4 #fa1 #fb1 pl4 opposite p4 #ef4 #afc ,kunz1 l4 c41 see pl4 #b1 fig4 ,a4 #afd ,pepp]1 8,! ,exploration ( a ,burial-room 9 ,pueblo ,bonito1 ,new ,mexico10 ,putnam ,anniv]s>y ,volume1 ,new ,york1 #aiji1 pp4 #aif-beb4 #afe ,pepp]1 8,! ,exploration ( a ,burial-room 9 ,pueblo ,bonito1 ,new ,mexico10 pp4 #bbc1 #bbd4 #aff ,pepp]1 l4 c41 p4 #bbg4 #afg ,burke1 8,! ,m$ic9e-m5 ( ! ,apa*e10 ,n9? ,annual ,report ( ! ,bureau ( ,e?nology1 #ahhg-ahhh1 ,wa%+ton1 #ahib1 p4 #ehi4 #afh ,f]nie1 8,preci\s ,/ones = ,curative ,use10 ,bri/ol1 #aijg1 p4 #bfi4 #afi ,f 8,! ,sacr$ ,beetle10 by ,john ,w>d1 ,london1 #aijb1 ,plate ,,viii1 ,nos4 #df1 #eh1 #hi1 #bge1 #bgf1 #ddf4 #agj ,budge1 8,! ,mummy10 ,cambridge1 #ahid1 pp4 #bcd-bce4 #aga ,! ,metropolitan ,museum ( ,art2 ! ,mur* ,collection ( ,egyptian antiquities2 supplem5t to ! ,bullet9 ( ! ,met4 ,mus4 ( ,art1 ,janu>y1 #aiaj4 #agb ,middleton1 8,engrav$ ,gems ( ,anci5t ,times10 ,cambridge1 #ahia1 p4 #aea4 #agc ,diodori ,siculi1 8,biblio!c hi/oricales10 ed4 ,d9dorf1 ,p>isiis1 #ahdb1 vol4 i1 p4 #fe2 lib4 i1 cap4 #ge4 #agd liani1 8,de animalibus10 lib4 x1 cap4 #ae4 #age ,ho]nes1 8,urges*i*te d] bild5d5 ,kun/10 ,wi51 #ahih1 pp4 #aee1 #aef4 #agf ,konrad v4 ,meg5b]g1 8,bu* d] ,natur10 ed4 ,pfeiff]1 ,/uttg>t1 #ahfa1 p4 #ddh2 see also ,johannis de ,cuba1 8,hortus ,sanitatis0 ,/rassburg1 #adhc1 tractatus de lapidibus1 cap4 xliii4 #agg ,m>bodei1 8,de lapidibus10 ,friburgi1 #aeca1 fol4 #ai4 #agh ,fis*] & ,wi$emann1 8,ueb] ,babylonis*e #8,talismane' aus dem hi/4 ,mus4 im /ei]is*-l&s*aftl4 ,joanneum zu ,graz10 ,/uttg>t1 #ahha1 p4 #i4 #agi ,see ,w>d1 8,! ,seal ,cyl9d]s ( ,we/]n ,asia10 ,c>negie ,in/itution ,pub41 ,wa%+ton1 ,d4 ,c41 #aiaj1 pp4 #a-e4 #ahj ,w>d1 l4 c41 p4 #e & pp4 #e-h4 #aha ,fis*] & ,wi$emann1 8,ueb] ,babylonis*e ,talismane10 ,/uttg>t1 #ahha1 p4 #aa4 ,see ,pl4 ,i1 fig4 #c4 #ahb ,a4 ,evans1 9 8,j\rnal ( ,hell5ic ,/udies10 vol4 xiv 7#ahic71 p4 #bgj4 #ahc ,trebelii ,pollionis1 ,de ,,xxx tyrannis1 ,lipsi1 p4 #bie4 #ahd ,ad illum4 cate*41 ,hom4 ,,ii1 #e4 #ahe ,krause1 8,pyrgoteles10 ,halle1 #ahef1 pp4 #aig-h4 #ahf ,caii ,pl9ii ,secundi1 ,naturalis ,hi/oria1 ed4 ,h>du91 ,p>isiis1 #agda1 vol4 ii1 p4 #dhi4 #ahg ,k+1 ,catalogue ( ,engrav$ ,gems1 ,metropolitan ,museum ( ,art1 p4 #ha1 ,no4 #cjb1 #ahhe4 #ahh ,diss]t4 apol4 de quibusdam ,alex&ri ,sev]i numismat41 p4 #ei4 ,cit$ 9 ,dictionnaire de l'ar*4 *rt41 vol4 i1 ,pt4 ,,ii1 ,p>is1 #aijg1 cols4 #aghi1 #agij1 :]e ! amulet is figur$4 #ahi ,camilli ,leon>di1 ,speculum ,lapidum1 ,v5etia1 #aejb4 #aij ,pitra1 8,specilegium ,solesm5se10 ,p>isiis1 #ahhe1 vol4 iii1 pp4 #cbf1 #cbg4 #aia ,camilli ,leon>di1 8,speculum ,lapidum10 ,v5etia1 #aejb1 ff4 lvi-lvii4 #aib ,f an anonym\s ,italian treatise 9 a f\rte5? c5tury ,,ms4 9 ! au?or's collection2 fol4 #dj v]so1 #da recto4 #aic ,ho]nes1 8,urges*i*te d] bild5d5 ,kun/10 ,vi5na1 #ahih1 p4 #cch4 #aid ,ho]nes1 8,urges*i*te d] bild5d5 ,kun/10 ,vi5na1 #ahih1 p4 #cch4 #aie ,k+1 8,! ,gno/ics & _! ,rema9s10 ,london1 #ahfd1 p4 #bch1 figure opp4 p4 #aae4 #aif ,catalogue de l',exposition de la ,socit d',an?ropologie 7,exposition de #aijj71 p4 #bhf4 #aig ,elwor?y1 8,! ,evil ,eye10 ,london1 #ahie1 pp4 #cec1 #ced4 #aih ,/]n1 8,m$iz91 ,ab]glaube und ,ges*le*tsleb5 9 d] ,turkei10 ,b]l91 #aijc1 vol4 i1 p4 #bce4 #aii ,pl9i1 8,hi/oria naturalis10 lib4 xxxvi1 cap4 #c4 #bjj ,ar*ologia1 vol4 xxx1 p4 #eda1 ,london1 #ahdd2 ,,ms4 ,h>l4 ,no4 #hj1 folio #aje1 recto4 #bja ,pitra1 8,specilegium ,solesm5se10 ,p>isiis1 #ahee1 vol4 iii1 p4 #ccf4 #bjb ,de ,mly1 9 ,la ,gr&e ,encyclopdie1 vol4 xxv1 p4 #hhe1 art4 ,pi]res prcieuses4 #bjc ,konrad von ,meg5b]g1 8,bu* d] ,natur10 ,/uttg>t1 #ahfa1 p4 #dfi4 #bjd ,pitra1 8,specilegium ,solesm5se10 ,p>isiis1 #ahee1 vol4 iii1 p4 #cce4 #bje ,agricola1 8,de natura fossilum10 lib4 vi1 ,basile1 #aedf1 p4 #bia4 #bjf ,nicols1 8,fai?ful ,lapid>y10 ,london1 #afei1 p4 #ajg4 #bjg ,kluge1 8,edel/e9kunde10 ,leipsic1 #ahfj1 p4 #cff4 #bjh ,f]nie1 8,preci\s ,/ones = ,curative ,we>10 ,bri/ol1 #aijg1 p4 #aji4 #bji ,! opal is said to pres]ve its we>] f disease2 & h5ce1 9 ! ,ea/1 is mu* us$ 9 ! =m ( amulets4 #baj ,f 8,gems ( ,beauty10 by ! ,c\ntess ( ,bless+ton1 ,london1 #ahcf4 #baa ,sir ,walt] ,scott1 8,novels10 ,! ,janson ,society1 ,new ,york1 #aijg1 vol4 xxiii1 pp4 #abf-ach4 #bab ,pl9ii1 8,naturalis hi/oria10 lib4 xxxvii1 cap4 #f4 #bac ,pl9ii1 l4 c4 #bad ,hesselqui/1 8,voyages & ,travels 9 ! ,levant10 ,engli% trans41 ,london1 #agff1 pp4 #bgc1 #bgd4 #bae ,alb]ti ,magni1 ,op]a ,omnia1 ed4 ,borgnet1 ,p>isiis1 #ahij1 vol4 v1 p4 #db4 #baf ,communication ( ,dr4 ,fr$]ick ,knab1 cit+ ,ca/ellani & ,*alm]s1 8,manual ( ,tropical ,m$ic9e10 #aiaj4 #bag ,batman1 8,uppon ,b>?olome10 ,london1 #aehb1 p4 #bfd1 lib4 xvi1 cap4 #gc4 #bah ,%akespe>e1 8,twelf? ,night10 ,act ii1 ,sc4 #d4 #bai ,c>dani1 8,de subtilitate10 ,basile1 #aefj1 p4 #dde4 #bbj ,rose1 8,ari/oteles ,de lapidibus und ,arnoldus ,saxo10 9 ,zeits*r4 fr ,d4 ,alt41 ,new ,s]ies1 vol4 vi1 p4 #cia4 ,see also ,avic5na1 8,lib] canonis10 ,basile1 #aeef1 p4 #ahb1 lib4 ii1 ,tract4 ii1 cap4 #bj4 #bba ,g>cias ab ,orta1 8,aromatum hi/oria0 7,lat4 v]sion by ,clusius74 ,antv]pi1 #aegi1 p4 #agb4 ,! ,portuguese orig9al 0 publi%$ 9 ,goa1 9 #aefc4 #bbb ,sur9dro ,mohun ,tagore1 8,mani ,ml10 ,pt4 ,i1 ,calcutta1 #ahgi1 pp4 #abb1 #abe4 #bbc ,ju/i ,lepsii1 8,de fraude et vi10 cap4 v1 #h2 cit$ 9 ,p9d>1 8,de adamante10 ,b]ol9i1 #ahbi1 p4 #eh4 #bbd ,aldrov&i1 8,museum metallicum10 ,bononi1 #afdh1 p4 #idi4 #bbe ,vita di ,b5v5uto ,cell9i1 ed4 ,c>pani1 ,milano1 #ahjf1 p4 #dde4 #bbf ,amos1 8,! ,great ,oy] ( ,poison+10 ,london1 #ahdf1 pp4 #ccf sqq4 #bbg ,aldrov&i1 8,museum metallicum10 ,bononi1 #afdh1 p4 #idi4 #bbh ,*ild1 8,! ,engli% & ,scotti% ,popul> ,ballads10 ,bo/on1 #ahhb-if1 vol4 i1 pp4 #ahg sqq4 #bbi ,*ild1 l4 c4 #bcj ,aga9/ !e4 #bca ,ravii1 8,specim5 ,arabicum10 ,trajecti ad ,rh5um1 #aghd1 pp4 #ig1 #ih4 #bcb ,&re ,baccii1 8,de gemmis et lapidibus pretiosis10 ,lat9 trans4 by ,wolfgang ,gabel*ov]1 ,franc(urti1 #afjc1 pp4 #fc1 #fd4 #bcc 8,de gemmis errores vulg>es10 ,lipsi1 #afhh1 sect4 ii1 #ab4 #bcd ,rose1 ,ari/oteles ,de lapidibus & ,arnoldus ,saxo1 ,zeits*r4 fr ,d4 ,alt41 ,new ,s]ies1 vol4 vi1 #ahge1 pp4 #cfj1 #cfa4 #bce ,c>dani1 8,de subtilitate10 ,basile1 #aeed1 lib4 vii1 pp4 #aia1 #bje4 #bcf ,g9sburg1 8,leg5ds ( ! ,jews10 ,eng4 trans41 ,phila41 #aiji1 vol4 i1 p4 #afb4 ,see also ,levy1 8,diction>y ( ! ,t>gumim10 etc41 ,new ,york & ,london1 #aijc1 vol4 ii1 p4 #hcf1 s4 v4 4 ,pirke d',r4 ,el41 *4 xxiii4 #bcg ,g9sburg1 l4 c41 p4 #bih4 #bch ,claudii liani1 8,de animalium natura10 lib4 viii1 cap4 #bb1 ed4 ,gesn]1 ,tiguri1 #aefh1 pp4 #ahb1 #ahc4 #bci ,grimm1 8,wrt]bu*10 vol4 ii1 col4 #abdd4 #bdj 8,li?ica10 l9e #bgj4 #bda ,de ,mely1 8,la trait des fleuves de ,plut>*e10 9 ,revue des tudes ,grecques1 vol4 v 7#ahib71 p4 #cca4 #bdb ,luciani1 8,de ,syria dea10 cap4 #cb4 #bdc ,rose1 8,ari/oteles de lapidibus und ,arnoldus ,saxo10 ,zeits*r4 fr ,d4 ,alt41 ,new ,s]ies1 vol4 vi1 #ahge1 pp4 #cge1 #cgf4 #bdd ,! abbey to :i* ,hildeg>d gave ! tablet 0 probably t built by ,!odoric ,,ii & de/roy$ by ! ,re=m]s 9 #aegb4 ,! fir/ build+ 0 ( wood & 0 erect$ by ,!odoric ,i 9 #ibc or #ibd2 ?is 0 ravag$ by ! ,frisians n _m ye>s lat]4 #bde ,creuz]1 8,antik ges*nitt5e ,/e9e vom ,grabmahl d] heilig5 ,elizabe?10 ,leipsic & ,d>m/adt1 #ahcd1 pp4 #be1 #bf4 #bdf ,arnobio1 8,il tesoro delle gioie10 ,v5ice1 #afjb1 p4 #cd4 #bdg ,see ! ,engli% translation ( 8 8,*u-fan-*10 by ,fri$ri* ,hir? & ,w4 ,w4 ,rockhill1 ,/4 ,pet]sburg1 #aiaa1 p4 #gb4 #bdh 8,die ,reisebes*reibung des ,r4 ,b5jam9 von ,tudela10 ed4 by ,l4 ,grnhut & ,m>cus ,n4 ,adl]1 ,j]usalem1 #aijc1 pt4 ii1 trans41 p4 #ag4 #bdi ,beckmann1 8,hi/ory ( ,inv5tions10 ,engli% trans41 ,london1 #ahdf1 vol4 ii1 p4 #dcc4 #bej ,g>cias ab ,orta1 8,aromatum hi/oria0 7,lat4 v]sion by ,clusius71 ,antv]pi1 #aegi1 lib4 i1 p4 #agd4 #bea ,pl9ii1 8,naturalis hi/oria10 lib4 xxxvii1 cap4 #ag4 #beb ,platonis1 8,hippias major10 ed4 ,didot1 vol4 i1 p4 #gde4 #bec ,norton's 8,ord9all02 9 ,a%mole 8,!atrum ,*emicum ,britannicum10 ,london1 #afeb1 p4 #bg4 #bed ,*ri/iani ,m5tzelli1 8,lapis ,bonon5sis10 ,bilefeldi1 #afge4 #bee ,see ,kunz1 8,! ,phosphoresc5ce ( ! ,diamond10 ,trans4 ,n4 ,y4 ,academy ( ,sci5ces1 vol4 x1 p4 #ej1 #ahij-ia2 ,kunz & ,bask]ville1 8,! ,action ( ,radium1 ,act9ium1 ,ro5tg5 rays1 & ,ultra ,violet ,light 9 ,m9]als & ,gems10 ,sci5ce1 vol4 xviii1 ,no4 #dfh1 pp4 #gfi-ghc1 ,decemb] #ah1 #aijc4 #bef ,see page #agb4 #beg ,boyle1 8,works10 ,london1 #agdd1 vol4 ii1 p4 #he4 ,! exp]im5ts 7 made ,octob] #bg1 #affc1 & ! results 7 communicat$ to ! ,royal ,society ! next day1 ! diamond :i* _h be5 us$ be+ %[n to ! memb]s at t "t4 #beh 8,j\rnal des ,savans10 #agci1 pp4 #dch1 #dci1 ( ,am/]dam edition1 cit+ 8,hi/4 de l',acad4 ,roy4 des ,sci5ces10 #agce 7vol4 xxxviii74 #bei ,see ,transactions ( ! ,new ,york ,academy ( ,sci5ces1 vol4 xiv1 p4 #bfj2 #ahie4 #bfj 8,diamonds10 a lecture deliv]$ be=e ! ,briti% ,association at ,kimb]ley1 ,sept4 #e1 #aije2 ,london1 #aije1 p4 #cg4 ,see also ! same au?or's 8,diamonds10 ,london & ,new ,york1 #aiji1 pp4 #if-aja4 #bfa ,kunz1 8,gems & ,preci\s ,/ones ( ,nor? ,am]ica10 ,new ,york1 #ahij1 pp4 #ahc1 #ahd4 #bfb 8,collection des anci5s al*emi/es grecs10 ed4 by ,m4 ,b]!lot1 trans41 p4 #ccf-cch2 text pp4 #cea1 #ceb1 ,p>is1 #ahhg1 #ahhh4 #bfc 8,sur un procd antique p\r r5dre les pi]res prcieuses et les vitrifications phosphoresc5tes10 ,annales de ,*imie et ,physique1 #f? s]41 vol4 xiv1 pp4 #dbi-dcb4 #bfd ,moryson1 8,an ,it9]>y conta9+ 8 ,t5 ,ye]es ,travell ?r\gh ! ,twelve ,dom9ions10 etc41 ,glasg[1 #aijg-h1 vol4 i4 p4 #baf4 #bfe ,burton1 8,supplem5t>y ,nights10 ,london1 #ahhf1 vol4 iii1 p4 #ced1 note4 #bff ,pausani1 8,descriptio ,grci10 ed4 ,s*ub>t1 vol4 ii1 ,lipsi1 #ahhc1 pp4 #ed1 #ee1 lib4 ii1 cap4 #ba1 #ab4 #bfg ,luciani1 8,v]a ,hi/oria10 lib4 i1 #bf4 #bfh ,balz1 8,die sog5annte magis*e ,spiegel und ihr ,gebrau*02 ,ar*iv fr ,an?rop4 ,n4,s41 vol4 ii1 p4 #de1 #aijd4 #bfi ,sahagun1 8,hi/oria g5]al de las cosas de ,nueva ,espaa10 ,mexico1 #ahbi1 vol4 i1 pp4 #b1 #c2 vol4 ii1 pp4 #f1 #ab1 #af1 #ag2 lib4 i1 cap4 #c2 lib4 v1 cap4 #c1 #i1 #aa1 #ab4 #bgj ,sp>tiani1 8,vita ,didii ,juliani10 cap4 #g4 #bga ,rei*elti1 8,de amuletis10 ,arg5torati1 #afgf1 p4 #cf4 #bgb 8,synodum episcoporum ,patricii1 ,auxilii et ,iss]nani10 9 ,migne1 ,patr4 ,lat41 vol4 liii1 ,p>isiis1 #ahfe1 col4 #hbe4 #bgc ,h9cm>i1 8,op]a ,omnia10 9 ,migne1 ,patr4 ,lat41 vol4 cxxv1 col4 #g2 ,de devortio ,lo?>ii et ,tetb]g4 #bgd ,london1 #aije1 pp4 xxiv1 xxx4 #bge ,ibn ,kald\n1 9 ,notices et ,ext4 de ,,mss4 de la ,bib4 ,imp41 vol4 xix1 p4 #bba4 #bgf ,see ,b>rett1 8,! ,magus10 ,london1 #ahja1 p4 #ace4 #bgg ,jmi's 8,salamn & ,absal10 trans4 by ,edw>d ,fitzg]ald1 ,bo/on1 #ahii1 p4 #hd4 #bgh ,description ( ! ,regalia ( ,scotl&1 by ,sir ,walt] ,scott1 ,b>t41 ,ed9burgh1 n4 d41 p4 #ac4 #bgi ,johannis ,s>esb]5sis1 8,policraticus10 ,lyon1 #aeac1 fols4 lxxvii1 v]so1 lxxviii1 recto1 lib4 ii1 cap4 #bh4 #bhj ,johannis ,s>esb]5sis1 l4 c41 fol4 lxxvi1 recto1 lib4 ii1 cap4 #bh4 #bha 8,! ,h]metic & ,al*emical writ+s ( ,aureolus ,philippus ,!ophra/us ,bomba/ ( ,hoh5heim1 call$ ,p>acelsus ! ,great10 trans4 by ,ar?ur ,edw>d ,waite1 ,london1 #ahid1 vol4 i1 p4 #bbd4 #bhb 8,unt]ri*t vom ,gebrau* des ,erdspiegels1 #afeh0 7,aus dem ,kapuz9]-,klo/] 9 ,imm5/at4 ,e9e ,h&s*rift des ,kapuz9]-,pat]s ,franziscus ,s]aph4 ,heid] daselb/72 9 8,h&s*riftli*5 ,s*tze aus ,klo/] ,biblio!k510 ,kln am ,rhe91 #agcd-ahaj 7repr9t74 #bhc ,sloane ,,ms4 #chea1 f4 #ej;b4 #bhd ,jonson1 8,! ,al*emi/10 ed4 ,ha?away1 ,new ,york1 #aijc1 pp4 #aja1 #ade1 note4 #bhe ,kiesewett]1 8,fau/ 9 d] ,ges*i*te und ,tradition10 ,leipzig1 #ahic1 p4 #dgb4 #bhf ,kiesewett]1 8,fau/ 9 d] ,ges*i*te und ,tradition10 p4 #dgc4 #bhg ,wi]i1 8,de pre/igiis demonum10 ,basile1 #aefc1 p4 #aba4 #bhh 8,! ,private ,di>y ( ,dr4 ,john ,dee10 ed4 by ,halliwell1 ,london1 #ahdb 7,camd5 ,soc4 ,pub471 p4 #i1 note 78,comp5di\s ,memorial10 p4 #eaf74 #bhi ,a true & fai?ful ,relation ( :at pass$ = ,_m ,ye]es betwe5 ,dr4 ,john ,dee & ,"s ,spirits4 ,) preface by ,m]ic4 ,casaubon1 ,london1 #afei1 p4 #a4 #bij ,see ,b4 ,m4 ,dalton's notes 9 ! ,proce$+s ( ! ,society ( ,antiqu>ies1 #b;d s]41 vol4 xxi1 #chj-chc4 ,sloane ,,ms4 ,a4 #cahh4 #bia ,casaubon's 8,relation10 p4 #gc4 #bib ,ri/1 8,die ,all]-,edel/e ,zeit-,v]krtung d] ganz5 ,welt10 ,franckfurt on dem ,mayn1 #affh1 p4 #bee4 #bic ,butl]1 8,hudibras10 ,"p ,,ii1 ,canto ,,iii1 #aa1 #bce-h1 & #fca-d4 ,?is second "p 0 issu$ 9 #affc1 f\r ye>s aft] ,casaubon's publication ( ,dee's j\rnal4 #bid ,miscellanea graphica3 ,repres5tations ( ,anci5t ,m$ieval & ,r5aissance rema9s 9 ! ,possession ( ,"l ,londesbor\gh2 introd4 by ,?omas ,wright1 ,london1 #aheg1 p4 #ha4 #bie ,aubrey1 8,miscellanies10 ,london1 #ahij1 pp4 #aef1 #aeg4 7,!re is a figure on p4 #aef47 #bif ,glanvil1 8,saducismus ,triumphatus10 ,london1 #agbf1 p4 #bha4 #big ,aubrey1 8,miscellanies10 ,london1 #ahij1 p4 #aee4 #bih ,c>lyle1 8,works10 ,a%burton ed41 vol4 xvi1 p4 #eji2 f ,vie de ,joseph ,balsamo1 traduite d'aprs l'orig9al ,itali51 *4 ii1 #aaa 7,p>is1 #agia74 #bii ,kiesewett]1 8,fau/ 9 d] ,ges*i*te und ,tradition10 ,leipzig1 #ahic1 p4 #dgf4 #cjj ,george ,,iv1 cap4 lxxxiii4 #cja ,br9ton1 8,essays ( an ,am]icani/10 ,philadelphia1 #ahij1 p4 #afe4 #cjb ,burke1 8,! ,m$ic9e-m5 ( ! ,apa*e10 ,n9? ,annual ,report ( ! ,bureau ( ,e?nology1 #ahhg-ahhh1 ,wa%+ton1 #ahib1 p4 #dfa4 #cjc ,fras]1 8,! ,gold5 ,b\gh10 pt4 i1 8,! ,magic ,art10 vol4 i1 ,london1 #aiaa1 p4 #agf4 #cjd ,lang1 8,! ,mak+ ( ,religion10 ,london1 #ahih1 pp4 #ia-ib4 #cje ,?omas1 8,cry/al ,gaz+10 ,london1 #aije1 p4 #dh4 #cjf ,nuttall1 8,! ,fundam5tal ,pr9ciples ( ,old & ,new ,_w ,civilization10 ,cambridge1 ,mass41 #aija1 p4 #hj4 #cjg ,t*]az1 8,notes sur la my?ologie ,arm5i5ne10 9 ,trans4 ( ! ,n9? ,cong4 ( ,ori5t4 7#ahib71 ,london1 #ahic1 vol4 ii1 p4 #hcb4 #cjh ,t*]az1 l4 c41 p4 #hce4 #cji ,proc4 ,soc4 ( ,psy*4 ,rese>*1 vol4 viii1 p4 #dgj4 #caj ,proc4 ( ! ,soc4 = ,psy*4 ,rese>*1 vol4 v1 p4 #ejg4 #caa ,?omas1 8,cry/al ,gaz+10 ,london1 #aijh1 ,lang's preface1 pp4 xi1 xii4 #cab ,?omas1 l4 c41 p4 xxi4 #cac ,proc4 ( ! ,soc4 = ,psy*4 ,rese>*1 vol4 viii1 p4 #dgc4 #cad ,%eph>ial1 8,! ,cry/al & ! ,se]10 ,london #aijj81 p4 #ad4 #cae ,john ,melville1 8,cry/al ,gaz+10 ,london1 #aiaj1 pp4 #bj1 #ba4 #caf ,%eph>ial1 8,! ,cry/al & ! ,se]10 ,london #aijj81 pp4 #aa-ac4 #cag ,melville1 8,cry/al ,gaz+10 ,london1 #aiaj1 p4 #dg4 #cah ,atk9son1 8,practical ,psy*omancy & ,cry/al ,gaz+10 ,*icago #aijh1 p4 #df4 #cai ,see ,leadbeat]1 8,! ,a/ral ,plane10 ,london1 #aiaj1 p4 #ad4 #cbj ,v]n]1 8,h[ to ,"k ,y\r ,future10 ,london #aiaj81 p4 #af4 #cba ,see ,h]ew>d ,c>r+ton's ,correspond5ce ,c\rse ( ,in/ruction 9 ,psy*ic ,developm5t1 ,lesson #bd1 ,new ,york1 #aiab4 #cbb ,kunz1 8,! ,occurr5ce & ,manipulation ( ,rock ,cry/al10 ,sci5tific ,am]ican1 vol4 lv1 pp4 #ajc1 #ajd 7,aug4 #ad1 #ahhf74 ,trans4 ,n4 ,y4 ,acad4 ,sci5ces1 ,may #cj1 #ahhf4 #cbc ,kunz1 8,! ,occurr5ce & ,manipulation ( ,rock ,cry/al40 #cbd ,gratacap1 8,! ,my/ic ,cry/al ,sph]e10 9 ! ,am]ican ,museum ,j\rnal1 ,janu>y1 #aiac1 p4 #bd2 plate on p4 #bb4 #cbe ,montfaucon1 ,les monum5s de la mon>*ie ,franaise4 ,p>is1 #agbi1 p4 #ae4 #cbf ,montfaucon1 l4 c4 #cbg ,co*et1 8,le tombeau de ,*ild]ic ,i] roi des ,francs10 ,p>is1 #ahei1 pp4 #af sqq4 #cbh ,co*et1 op4 cit41 p4 #cje4 #cbi ,co*et1 op4 cit41 p4 #cjb2 figure4 #ccj ,co*et1 op4 cit41 p4 #cjc1 ,no4 #a4 #cca ,simon1 8,obs]vations sur les spul*res antiques dc\v]ts dans plusieures contres des ,gaules10 p4 #e2 pl4 ii1 fig4 #ad4 #ccb ,see ,wylie's 8,fair=d ,graves10 pl4 iv1 fig4 #a1 pl4 v1 fig #b2 ,ak]man's 8,rema9s ( ,pagan ,saxondom10 ,roa* ,smi?'s 8,collectanea antiqua02 ,d\glas' 8,n5ia ,brittanica10 & ,hilli]'s 8,antiquities ( ! ,isle ( ,wight40 #ccc ,ak]man1 op4 cit41 p4 #aj4 #ccd ,j\rnal ( ! ,ar*ological ,in/itute1 vol4 ix1 p4 #agi4 #cce ,ak]man1 op4 cit41 pp4 #ci1 #dj4 #ccf ,miscellanies ^u v>i\s subjects1 by ,john ,aubrey1 to :i* is add$ 8,hydrotaphia1 or ,urn ,burial10 by ,sir ,?omas ,br[ne1 ,london1 #ahij1 p4 #bdd2 *ap1 ii4 #ccg ,lady ,wilde1 8,anci5t ,leg5ds1 ,my/ic ,*>ms1 & ,sup]/itions ( ,irel&10 ,bo/on1 #ahhh1 p4 #bji4 #cch ,life ,"w ( ,sir ,pet] le ,page ,r5\f1 ,p>is1 #aijg1 vol4 iv1 p4 #cdb4 ,9 ! vignette to *apt] #ic1 to illu/rate ! protection af=d$1 a buckle ) human h&s seizes ! arm ( ! deceas$ & prev5ts him f go+ t[>d ! ,ea/1 ! inauspici\s direction = dep>t$ s\ls1 pl4 xxv 7,papyrus1 ,l\vre iii1 #ic74 #cci ,budge1 8,! ,mummy10 ,cambridge1 #ahid1 p4 #bei4 #cdj ,budge1 8,! ,mummy10 ,cambridge1 #ahid1 p4 #bfa4 #cda ,! deceas$ 0 id5tifi$ ) ,osiris4 #cdb ,budge1 8,! ,mummy10 ,cambridge1 #ahid1 p4 #bfc4 #cdc ,bir*1 ,catalogue ( ,egyptian ,antiquities 9 ,alnwick ,ca/le1 ,london1 #ahhj1 p4 #bbd4 #cdd ,pi]ret1 8,le livre des ,morts10 ,p>is1 #ahhb1 p4 #ach4 #cde 8,life ,"w ( ,sir ,pet] le ,page ,r5\f10 ,p>is1 #aijg1 vol4 iv1 p4 #gf1 note4 #cdf ,ibid41 ,p>is1 #aijg1 vol4 iv1 p4 #bie4 #cdg liani1 8,v>ia hi/oria10 lib4 xiv1 cap4 xxxiv1 ,lug4 ,bat41 #agca1 ,p>s alt]a1 p4 #igg4 #cdh ,fossey1 8,la ,magie ,assyri5ne10 ,p>is1 #aijb1 p4 #cja2 see ,rawl9son1 8,cun4 insc4 ( ,we/4 ,asia10 vol4 iv1 #ah1 ,no4 #c4 #cdi ,delitzs*1 8,assyris*es ,wrt]bu*10 ,leipzig1 #ahif1 p4 #gd1 s4 v4 elm%u4 #cej ,j5s51 8,assyris*-,babylonis*e ,my!n und ,ep510 ,b]l91 #aijj4 #cea ,w>d1 8,seal ,cyl9d]s ( ,we/]n ,asia10 ,c>negie ,in/itution ,pub41 ,wa%+ton1 ,d4 ,c41 #aiaj1 pp4 #bcb1 #bcd4 #ceb ,= a full] description ( ?is valuable relic1 & a discussion ( ! mean+ ( ! inscription1 see 8,on ! anci5t inscrib$ ,sum]ian 7,babylonian7 axe-head = ! ,morgan ,collection 9 ! ,am]ican ,museum ( ,natural ,hi/ory10 by ,george ,fr$]ick ,kunz1 ) translation by ,pr(4 ,ira ,maurice ,price & discussion by ,dr4 ,william ,hayes ,w>d4 ,bullet9 ( ! ,museum1 vol4 xxi1 pp4 #cg-dg1 ,april #f1 #aije4 #cec ,montfaucon1 8,l'antiquit explique10 vol4 ii1 ,pt4 ,,ii1 #agai1 pp4 #cbd1 #cbe2 ,plate #acf4 #ced 8,! ,que/ions ( ,k+ ,mil9da10 tr4 f ! ,pli by ,t4 ,w4 ,rhys ,davids1 vol4 ii1 ,ox=d1 #ahid1 p4 #abh4 #cee ,buddha4 #cef ,sur9dro ,mohun ,tagore1 8,mani ,ml10 ,pt4 ,,ii1 ,calcutta1 #ahha1 pp4 #gae1 #gag4 #ceg ,buddhi/ ,suttas1 trans4 f ,pali by ,t4 ,w4 ,rhys ,davids2 8,sacr$ ,books ( ! ,ea/10 vol4 xi1 ,ox=d1 #ahha4 #ceh ,lib4 ii1 cap4 #aa4 ,luciani ,op]a1 ex recog4 ,c4 ,jacobitz1 vol4 i1 ,leipzig1 #ahhd1 p4 #ef4 #cei ,sur9dro ,mohun ,tagore1 8,mani ,ml10 ,pt4 ,,ii1 ,calcutta1 #ahha1 p4 #gi4 #cfj ,sur9dro ,mohun ,tagore1 8,mani ,ml10 ,pt4 ,,ii1 ,calcutta1 #ahha1 pp4 #fde1 #fdg4 #cfa ,heu5 ,tsang1 8,mmoires sur les contres occid5tales10 ,fr5* trans4 by ,/anislas ,juli51 ,p>is1 #aheg1 vol4 i1 p4 #dfa4 #cfb ,ga9a ,sutras1 trans4 f ,prakrit by ,h]mann ,jacobi2 8,sacr$ ,books ( ! ,ea/10 vol4 xxii1 ,ox=d1 #ahhd1 pp4 #bbg1 #bcc4 #cfc ,h5dley1 8,indian ,jewell]y10 ,london1 #aiji1 p4 #cc4 #cfd ,h5dley1 8,indian ,jewell]y10 ,london1 #aiji1 pp4 #cc1 #cd4 #cfe ,f9ot1 8,les lapid>ies indi5s10 ,p>is1 #ahif1 p4 #age4 #cff ,morales1 8,de las pi$ras preciosas10 ,valladolid1 #afjd 7fol4 #af v]so74 #cfg ,philo/rati1 8,de ,vita ,apollonii10 lib4 iii1 cap4 #cf4 #cfh ,p]sonal communication f ,taw ,se9 ,ko4 #cfi ,! ,bi%op ,collection3 8,inve/igations & ,/udies 9 ,jade10 ,new ,york1 #aijf1 vol4 i1 p4 #ed1 ,! 8,yu%uo0 ( ,t'ang ,j+-tso1 trans4 by ,/eph5 ,w4 ,bu%nell4 #cgj ,! ,bi%op ,collection3 8,inve/igations & ,/udies 9 ,jade10 ,new ,york1 #aijf1 vol4 i1 p4 #cf4 #cga ,kob]t1 8,e9 ,edel/e9 d] ,vorzeit10 ,/uttg>t1 #aiaj1 p4 #bf4 #cgb ,alfr$ ,m>/on ,tozz]1 8,navajo ,religi\s ,c]emonials10 ,putnam ,anniv]s>y ,volume1 ,new ,york1 #aiji1 pp4 #cbc-cbf1 #cbi1 ,plate ,,ii4 #cgc ,sahagun1 8,hi/oria g5]al de las cosas de ,nueva ,espaa10 ,mexico1 #ahcj1 vol4 iii1 p4 #big4 #cgd ,sahagun1 l4 c41 #ahbi1 vol4 i1 p4 #ah2 lib4 i1 cap4 xiii4 #cge ,g>cilasso de la ,vega1 8,hi/oire des ,incas40 ,fr4 trans4 by ,jean ,baudo91 ,am/]dam1 #agae1 vol4 ii1 pp4 #bee-beg4 #cgf ,ibid41 p4 #cdg4 #cgg 8,a ,rem>kable ,jadeite ,adze10 ,am]ican ,association = ! ,advancem5t ( ,sci5ce4 ,kunz1 8,gems & ,preci\s ,/ones ( ,nor? ,am]ica10 ,new ,york1 #ahij1 pp4 #bgh-bhj4 #cgh 8,nephrit und ,jadite10 ,/uttg>t1 #ahhj4 #cgi ,! ,bi%op ,collection1 8,inve/igations & ,/udies 9 ,jade10 ,new ,york1 #aijf1 vol4 i1 pt4 iii1 8,jade z a ,m9]al10 by ,george ,fr$]ick ,kunz1 p4 #agg4 ,?is imm5se mass ( nephrite :i* =ms "p ( ! ,heb] ,bi%op ,collection loan ( jade is n[ 9 ! ,am]ican ,museum ( ,natural ,hi/ory1 ,new ,york4 #chj ,kunz1 8,*al*iuitl3 a note on ! jadeite discussion10 ,sci5ce1 vol4 xii1 ,no4 #bih4 #cha ,gesn]i1 8,de figuris lapidum10 ,tiguri1 #aefe1 fol4 #ajg v]so1 #ajh recto4 #chb 8,de ornatu oris1 nasi et aurium10 ,gott+1 #ahcb1 p4 #dc4 #chc 8,h&book ( ,am]ican ,indians ,nor? ( ,mexico10 ed4 by ,fr$]ick ,webb ,hodge2 ,smi?sonian ,in/41 ,bur4 ( ,am4 ,e?n4 ,bull4 #cj4 ,pt4 ,i1 p4 #deh2 ,wa%+ton1 #aiaj4 #chd 8,hi/oria de las ,indias10 9 8,bib4 de autores espaoles10 vol4 xxii1 ,madrid1 #aheb1 p4 #bjb4 #che ,sahagun1 8,hi/oria g5]al de las cosas de ,nueva ,espaa10 ,mexico1 #ahbi1 vol4 ii1 pp4 #chi-cia1 lib4 ix1 cap4 xvii4 #chf ,klot1 8,ueb] d5 ,ntz5 und ,gebrau* d] alt5 ges*nitt55 ,/e9e10 ,alt5burg1 #agfh1 p4 #eg4 #chg ,erasmi ,/ell1 8,int]pretam5tum ,gemm>um10 #c;d ed41 ,erfurti et ,lipsi1 #agcf1 p4 #bg4 #chh ,agricol1 8,de natura fossilium10 lib4 vi1 ,basile1 #aedf1 p4 #bhi4 #chi ,gesn]1 8,de figuris lapidum10 ,tiguri1 #aefe1 ff4 #aabv1 #aacr4 #cij 8,les six voyages de ,jean ,bapti/e ,tav]ni]10 ,la ,haye1 #agah1 vol4 i1 p4 #dh2 ,voyages en ,p]se1 liv4 i1 *ap4 iv4 #cia ,jos ,ignacio ,mir1 8,e/udio de las pi$ras preciosas10 ,madrid1 #ahgj1 pp4 #ace1 #acf4 #cib ,lassels1 8,! ,voyage ( ,italy10 ,p>is1 #afgj1 ,pt4 ,,ii1 p4 #cdd4 #cic ,lassels1 l4 c41 p4 #cci4 #cid ,scotto1 8,it9]>io d',italia10 ,roma1 #agdg1 p4 #cad4 #cie ,jos ,ignacio ,mir1 8,e/udio de las pi$ras preciosas10 ,madrid1 #ahgj1 pp4 #acf1 #acg1 #bbi4 #cif ,c>tul>ium abba?i de ,:iteby1 ,surtees ,soc4 ,pub41 vol4 lxix1 pp4 xvi-xx4 #cig ,c>dani1 8,de subtilitate10 lib4 v1 ,basile1 #aefj1 p4 #cgj4 #cih ,dr4 ,baelz1 ( ! ,imp]ial ,univ]sity ( ,tokyo1 9 ,report ( ! ,smi?sonian ,in/itution = #aijd1 pp4 #ebc-edg4 #cii ,mason1 8,burmah1 its ,p & ,natural ,productions10 ,rangoon1 #ahfj1 pp4 #aji1 #aaj4 #djj ,n>rative ( ! ,embassy ( ,ruy ,gonzalez de ,clavijo to ! ,c\rt ( ,tim\r1 trans4 by ,clem5t ,r4 ,m>kham1 ,london1 #ahei1 p4 #ch1 ,hakluyt ,soc4 ,pub4 #dja ,*iocci1 8,museum ,calceol>ium10 ,v]on1 #afbb1 p4 #bea4 #djb ,kir*]1 8,mundus ,subt]raneus10 ,am/elodami1 #affe1 p4 #cf2 ,tabula ,,iv1 ,fig4 #f4 #djc ,creuz]1 8,antik ges*nitt5e ,/e9e vom ,grabmahl d] heilig5 ,elizabe?10 ,leipsic & ,d>m/adt1 #ahcd1 p4 #be4 #djd ,b>bi] de ,montault1 8,le ,trsor de l',abbaye de ,sa9te-,croix de ,poiti]02 9 ,mm4 de la ,soc4 d',antiq4 de l',oue/1 ,sec4 ,s]41 vol4 lv1 #ahha1 pp4 #aje1 #ajf2 ,poiti]s1 #ahhb4 #dje ,italian ,,ms4 ( ! f\rte5? c5tury 9 ! au?or's libr>y2 fol4 #da b4 #djf ,rav5%aw1 8,anti5te ,epitaphs10 ,london1 #ahgh1 p4 #aaj4 #djg ,rav5%aw1 8,anti5te ,epitaphs10 ,london1 #ahgh1 p4 #aac4 #djh ,see ,audsley1 8,h&book ( ,*ri/ian ,symbolism10 ,london1 #ahfe1 pp4 #ace-acg4 #dji ,flavii ,josephi1 8,de ,antiq4 ,jud410 lib4 iii1 cap4 viii1 #i2 ,op]a1 ed4 ,d9dorf1 ,p>isiis1 #ahde1 vol4 i1 pp4 #ajj1 #aja4 #daj 8,ant4 ,jud410 lib4 iii1 cap4 vii1 #e1 ,flavii ,josephi ,op]a1 ,basile1 #aedd1 p4 #ge4 #daa ,sancti ,patri ,epiphanii1 8,de ,,xii ,gemmis10 ,tiguri1 #aeff1 ff4 #ab-ad4 ,edit$ by ,conrad ,gesn] f a unique ,,ms4 9 8 possession4 #dab ,g9sburg1 8,leg5ds ( ! ,jews10 ,eng4 trans41 ,phila41 #aiji1 vol4 i1 p4 #cd4 #dac ,see ,j4 ,l4 ,my]s 9 ! 8,encyclopdia ,biblica10 vol4 iv1 pp4 #dgii-dhab4 #dad ,see ,gimma1 8,della /oria naturale delle gemme10 ,napoli1 #agcj1 vol4 i1 pp4 #bjh1 #bji4 #dae ,hommel1 8,altisraelitis*e ,ueb]lief]ung10 pp4 #bha1 sqq42 ,erman1 8,aegypt510 ,tb+51 #ahhe1 p4 #djb4 #daf ,aureli ,augu/9i1 8,op]a ,omnia10 vol4 iii1 ,"p ,i1 col4 #fcg2 ,patrologi ,lat91 ed4 ,migne1 vol4 xxxviii1 ,p>is1 #ahfd4 #dag 8,natural ,hi/ory ( ,preci\s ,/ones10 ,london1 #ahgj1 p4 #ccc4 #dah ,procopius1 ed4 ,d9dorf1 ,bonnae4 #ahcc1 vol4 i1 p4 #dde2 8,de bello ,v&alico10 lib4 ii1 cap4 #i4 #dai ,procopius1 ed4 ,d9dorf1 ,bonnae1 #ahcc1 vol4 i1 p4 #dde2 8,de bello ,v&alico10 lib4 ii1 cap4 #i4 #dbj ,= an acc\nt ( ! imm5se booty tak5 by ! ,arabs1 "u ,sa'ad1 on ?is occasion1 see ,rawl9son1 8,sev5? ,great ,ori5tal ,mon>*y10 ,london1 #ahgf1 pp4 #efd-eff4 ,! total value has be5 plac$ z high z #abe1jjj1jjj4 #dba ,c4 ,h4 ,em]son1 8,psy*ocraft0 ,portl&1 ,me41 #aiaa4 #dbb 8,d] ,midras* ,bemidb> ,rabba10 ,g]man transl4 by ,dr4 ,aug4 ,wns*e1 ,leipzig1 #ahhe1 pp4 #ae1 #af4 ,p>a%a ,,ii4 ,( ! t>%i% x is said ! color resembl$ t ( 8! co/ly /one ) :i* wom5 adorn !mselves10 possibly ! pe>l is signifi$4 ,hebrew text 9 8,seph] ,midra% ,rabba10 ,vilna1 #ahde1 pt4 iii1 8,seph] ,bemidb>10 p4 #bc4 #dbc ,!re are two evid5t transpositions 9 ! text ( ,josephus betwe5 ! fif? & six? & ! eigh? & n9? /ones respectively4 #dbd ,al=d1 8,! ,greek ,te/am5t10 vol4 iv1 ,pt4 #b1 p4 #eid4 #dbe ,rabani ,mauri1 8,op]a ,omnia10 vol4 v1 col4 #dgj4 ,patrologi ,lat41 vol4 cxi1 ,p>isiis1 #ahfd4 #dbf 8,new ,edition ( ! ,babylonian ,talmud10 ed4 & trans4 by ,mi*ael ,l4 ,rodk9son1 vol4 v 7xiii71 ,new ,york1 #aijb1 p4 #baj4 ,baba ,batra4 #dbg ,brckmann1 8,abh&lung von ,edel/e9510 #b;d ed41 ,brauns*weig1 #aggc1 p4 #ceh4 #dbh ,flavii ,josephi1 ed4 ,d9dorf1 ,p>isii1 #ahdg1 vol4 ii1 p4 #ig2 8,antiq4 ,jud410 lib4 iii1 cap4 #g1 p>agraph #g4 ,9 ! second c5tury1 ,clem5s ,alex&r9us 7lib4 v1 cap4 #f7 repeats ?is idea ( ,josephus1 add+ t ! f\r r[s 9 :i* ! gems 7 dispos$ signifi$ ! f\r seasons ( ! ye>4 #dbi ,sancti ,hi]onymi1 8,op]a ,omnia10 ed4 ,migne1 ,p>isiis1 #ahgg1 vol4 i1 col4 #faf2 ,epi/ola lxiv1 p>agraph #af4 #dcj ,lcke1 8,v]su* e9] ,e9leitung 9 die ,(f5b>ung ,johannes10 ,bonn1 #aheb1 p4 #ifd4 #dca ,patrologi ,grc1 ed4 ,migne1 vol4 cvi1 ,p>isiis1 #ahfc1 cols4 #dcc-dch4 #dcb ,georgius ,vitr+a1 8,nauwkeurige ond]zoek van de goddelyke ,op5b>+ d] ,h4 ,apo/els ,johannes10 ,dut* trans4 ( ,lat9 by ,m4 ,g>gon1 ,am/]dam1 #agbh1 vol4 ii1 p4 #fha4 #dcc ,sancti ,patris ,epiphanii episcopi ,cypri ad ,diodorum ,tyri episcopum1 8,de ,,xii4 ,gemmis1 qu erant 9 ve/e ,a>onis10 ed4 ,gesn]1 ,tiguri1 #aefe4 #dcd ,rabani ,mauri1 8,op]a ,omnia10 vol4 v1 col4 #dfe2 9 ,patrologi ,lat91 ed4 ,migne1 vol4 xvi1 ,p>is1 #ahfd4 #dce ,p\jet fils1 8,trait des pi]res prcieuses10 ,p>is1 #agfb1 p4 #d4 #dcf ,p\jet fils1 l4 c4 #dcg ,sur9dro ,mohun ,tagore1 8,mani ,ml10 ,pt4 ,,ii1 ,calcutta1 #ahha1 pp #fai1 #fba4 #dch ,! />-sapphire has already be5 describ$ on pp4 #ajf1 #ajg4 #dci ,eliphas ,lvi1 8,rituel de la haute magie10 ,p>is1 #ahfa4 #ddj ,= ?is numb]1 & = ! succe$+ multiples ( ?irte51 ! gem is believ$ to c\nt]act ! malign influ5ce ( ! numb]4 #dda ,wilhelmus ,eo1 8,coron ,gemma ,nobilissima10 ,ne:eus]n1 #afba1 pp4 #ch-i4 #ddb ,gaff>elli1 8,curiositates inaudit10 ,hamburgi1 #agjf1 pp4 #adf1 #adg4 #ddc ,s*9dl]1 8,d] ,ab]glaube des ,mittelalt]s10 ,breslau1 #aheh1 p4 #aca4 #ddd ,rei*elti1 8,de amuletis10 ,arg5torati1 #afgf1 p4 #de2 cit+ ,fic9i1 8,de vita coelit410 cap4 #ac4 #dde ,mairan1 8,lettres au ,r4 ,p4 ,p>r5910 ,p>is1 #aggj1 pp4 #bge sqq4 #ddf ,mairan1 l4 c41 pp4 #aii1 #baa4 #ddg 8,collection ( ,engrav$ ,gems10 ,metropolitan ,museum ( ,art1 ,h&book ,no4 #i1 pp4 #ec1 #ed4 #ddh ,g>be1 8,die indis*e ,m9]ali510 ,nah>>i's ,rjanighantu1 ,v>ga ,,xiii1 ,leipzig1 #ahhb1 p4 #hj4 #ddi ,g>be1 8,die indis*e ,m9]ali510 ,nah>>i's ,rjanighantu1 ,v>ga ,,xiii1 ,leipzig1 #ahhb1 p4 #hc4 #dej ,g>be1 8,die indis*e ,m9]ali510 ,nah>>i's ,rjanighantu1 ,v>ga ,,xiii1 ,leipzig1 #ahhb1 p4 #hd4 #dea ,sur9dro ,mohun ,tagore1 8,mani ,ml10 ,pt4 ,,ii1 ,calcutta1 #ahha1 p4 #hhc4 #deb ,morales1 8,de las virtudes y propi$ades m>villosas de las pi$ras preciosas10 ,valladolid1 #afjd1 fols4 #ae;a1 #ae;b4 #dec ,rantzau1 8,tractatus de g5e?liacorum !matum judiciis10 ,franc(urti1 #afcc1 pp4 #df-ee4 #ded ,lapid>io del ,rey ,d4 ,alfonso ,x2 codice orig9al1 ,madrid1 #ahha1 fols4 #aja-aji4 #dee ,lane1 8,arabian ,society 9 ! ,middle ,ages10 ed4 by ,/anley ,lane-,poole1 ,london1 #ahhc1 p4 #ih4 #def ,pantagruel1 liv4 v1 *ap4 xlii1 ,p>is1 #ahcc1 p4 #cda4 #deg ,morales1 8,de las ,pi$ras ,preciosas10 ,valladolid1 #afjd4 #deh ,morales1 8,de las pi$ras preciosas10 ,valladolid1 #afjd1 pp4 #af;a-#af;b4 #dei ,camilli ,leon>di1 8,speculum ,lapidum10 ,v5etia1 #aejb1 f4 liv-lvi4 #dfj ,camilli ,leon>di1 8,speculum ,lapidum10 ,v5etia1 #aejb1 f4 liii4 #dfa ,butl]1 8,hudibras10 ,"p ,,ii1 ,canto ,,iii1 #aa1 #ajif-aajc4 #dfb ,artemidori ,daldiani et ,a*ametis ,s]eimi ,oneirocritica1 ed4 ,regaltius1 ,luteti1 #afjc1 pp4 #hf1 #hg4 #dfc ,ibid41 p4 #bbh4 #dfd ,v5ice1 #afjb1 p4 #bed4 #dfe 8,! ,h]metic & ,al*emical writ+s ( ,aureolus ,philippus ,!ophra/us ,bomba/ ( ,hoh5heim1 call$ ,p>acelsus ! ,great10 trans4 by ,ar?ur ,edw>d ,waite1 ,london1 #ahid1 ,vol4 ,i1 pp4 #ad1 #bbe1 ,vol4 ,,ii1 p4 #bah4 #dff ,plut>*i1 8,vit10 ed4 ,s9t]is1 ,lipsi1 #ahhd1 p4 #cci2 ,p]icles1 #ch4 #dfg ,eusebii ,pamphili1 8,de laudibus ,con/ant9i10 cap4 v2 9 ,eusebii1 8,op]a ,omnia10 ed4 ,migne1 ,p>isiis1 #aheg1 cols4 #accg1 #acdj2 ,patrologi ,grc1 vol4 xx4 #dfh ,! ,travels ( ,sir ,j]ome ,horsey1 ,hakluyt ,society1 ,london1 #ahef1 pp4 #aii1 #bjj4 #dfi ,! ,fugg]s ( ,augsburg1 ! jewell] bank]s ( ! #ae? & #af? c5turies4 #dgj ,wolffii1 8,curiosus amuletorum scrutator10 ,franc(urti et ,lipsi1 #afib1 p4 #cfc2 cit+ ,rodolphus ,gocl5ius 7,de pe/e1 p4 #gj74 #dga ,olaus ,borri*ius1 9 ! ,collection ,acadmique1 ,p>is1 #ageg1 tome iv1 p4 #cch4 #dgb ,lapid>io del ,rey ,d4 ,alfonso ,x1 ,codice ,orig9al1 ,madrid1 #ahha1 f4 xi4 #dgc 8,de lapidibus10 ,friburgi1 #aeca1 f4 #h4 #dgd ,new edition ( ! ,babylonian ,talmud1 ed4 & trans4 by ,mi*ael ,l4 ,rodk9son1 vol4 v 7xiii71 ,baba ,batra1 ,new ,york1 #aijb1 p4 #ec4 ,see also ,be]1 8,leb5 ,abraham's10 ,leipzig1 #ahei1 p4 #gi4 #dge ,sur9dro ,mohun ,tagore1 8,mani ,ml10 ,pt4 ,i1 ,calcutta1 #ahgi1 pp4 #acg1 #aci1 #ada4 #dgf ,&rea ,spigello1 8,de semit]t402 cit$ 9 ,gimma1 8,della ,/oria naturale delle gemme10 ,napoli1 #agcj1 vol4 i1 p4 #bjh4 #dgg ,raum]1 8,hi/oris*es ,tas*5bu*10 ,i ,s]41 vol4 vi1 ,leipzig1 #ahce1 p4 #cgj4 #dgh ,josephi ,gonelli1 8,!saurus philosophicus1 seu de gemmis10 ,neapoli1 #agjb1 pp4 #gf1 #gg4 #dgi ,lapid>io del ,rey ,d4 ,alfonso ,x1 ,codice ,orig9al1 ,madrid1 #ahha1 f4 xv4 #dhj ,m>bodus1 l4 c41 f4 #dh4 #dha ,rueus1 l4 c41 p4 #cf4 #dhb ,morales1 8,de las pi$ras preciosas10 ,valladolid1 #afjd1 f4 #aja4 #dhc ,&re ,bacci1 8,de gemmis et lapidibus pretiosis10 ,franc(urti1 #afjc1 pp4 #fc1 #fd 7annotation ( ,gabel*ov] to 8 ,lat9 v]sion74 #dhd ,pl9ii1 8,naturalis hi/oria10 lib4 xxxvii1 cap4 #af4 #dhe ,psellus1 8,de lapidum virtutibus10 ,lug4 ,bat41 #agde1 p4 #cb4 #dhf ,johannis ,braunii1 8,de ,ve/itu sac]d4 ,heb410 ,am/el41 #afhj1 p4 #fei4 #dhg ,f an old book ! title-page ( :i* reads3 8,9 hoc volum9e de ,al*emia10 etc41 ,norimb]ghe1 #aeda1 p4 #cfc4 #dhh ,g>be1 8,die indis*e ,m9]ali52 ,nah>>i's ,rjanighantu1 ,v>ga xiii10 ,leipzig1 #ahhb1 p4 #gf4 #dhi ,teifa%i1 8,fior di p5si]i sulle pietre preziose10 ,ital4 trans4 by ,antonio ,ra9]i1 ,fir5zi1 #ahah1 p4 #bj4 #dij 8,! ,discov]y ( ! ,l>ge1 ,ri*1 & ,beautiful ,empire ( ,guiana10 ,london1 #ahdh1 p4 #bi1 ,hakluyt ,pub4 ,orig9ally publi%$ 9 #aeif4 #dia ,lettres de ,voiture1 ed4 by ,octave ,uzanne1 ,p>is1 #ahhj1 vol4 i1 p4 #ff1 ,lett] ,,xxiii4 #dib ,josephi ,gonnelli1 8,!saurus philosophicus1 seu de gemmis10 ,neapoli1 #agjb1 pp4 #aeg1 #aeh4 #dic ,claudii ,gal5i1 8,de simplic4 m$icam5t41 etc410 lib4 ix1 cap4 #ai4 8,op]a ,omnia10 ed4 ,c4 ,g4 ,khn1 ,lipsi1 #ahbf1 vol4 xii1 p4 #bjg4 ,see also ,duffield ,osborne1 8,engrav$ ,gems10 ,new ,york1 #aiab1 pp4 #ach1 #aci4 #did ,g>be1 8,die indis*e ,m9]ali502 ,nah>>i's 8,rjanighantu10 ,v>ga ,,xiii1 ,leipzig1 #ahhb1 p4 #gj4 #die ,! ,vision ( ,william ,conc]n+ ,pi]s ! ,pl[man1 by ,william ,langley 7or ,langl&74 ,ed4 by ,rev4 ,walt] ,w4 ,skeat1 ,ox=d1 #ahha1 p4 #af4 ,passus ,,ii1 l9es #h-ae4 #dif ,trimm$ ) fur4 #dig ,h&somely4 #dih ,adorn$4 #dii ,burn+ coal4 #ejj ,aquam>9es4 #eja ,poisons4 #ejb ,dugdale1 8,hi/ory ( ,sa9t ,paul's ,ca!dral 9 ,london10 ,london1 #ahah1 vol4 i1 pp4 #ae1 #af4 ,fir/ edition publi%$ 9 #afeh4 #ejc ,alb]ti ,magni1 8,op]a omnia10 ed4 ,borgnet1 ,p>is1 #ahij1 vol4 v1 p4 #dd4 #ejd ,lab>te1 8,inv5taire du mobili] de ,*>les ,v10 ,p>is1 #ahgi1 p4 #cjh1 ,no4 #bicg4 #eje 8,a ,t]n>y ( ,p>adoxes1 writt5 orig9ally by ,joh4 ,bapt4 ,van ,helmont & translat$1 illu/rat$1 & amplicat$ by ,walt] ,*>leton10 ,london1 #afej1 p4 #ag4 #ejf ,s4 ,hildeg>d1 8,op]a omnia10 9 ,pat4 ,lat4 ed4 by ,j4 ,p4 ,migne1 vol4 cxcvii1 ,p>isiis1 #ahee1 col4 #abee4 #ejg ,arnobio1 8,il tesoro delle gioie10 ,v5ice1 #afjb1 p4 #ba4 #ejh ,bellucci1 8,il feticismo 9 ,italia10 ,p]ugia1 #aijg1 p4 #ia1 note4 #eji ,mon>des1 ,semplicium m$icam5torum ex novo orbe delatorum hi/oria 7,lat9 v]sion by ,clusius71 ,antv]pi1 #aegi1 p4 #ea4 #eaj ,sahagun1 8,hi/oria g5]al de las cosas de ,nueva ,espaa10 vol4 iii4 ,mexico1 #ahcj1 pp4 #cjj1 #cja2 lib4 xi1 cap4 viii4