,transcrib]'s note3 ,text enclos$ by und]scores is 9 italics 7italics74 99 99 99 99 99 ,frontispiece to ,vol4 ,,ii4 ,illu/ration ,,useful ,,k3 ,,or ,a ,,famili> ,,acc\nt ,,( ,,! ,,v>i\s ,,productions ,,( ,nature1 ,,m9]al1 ,,vegetable1 ,,& ,,animal1 ,,:i* ,,are ,,*iefly ,,employ$ ,,= ,,! ,,use ,,( ,,man4 ,illu/rat$ ) num]\s ,figures1 & int5d$ z a ,"w bo? ( ,in/ruction & ,ref]5ce4 ---- ,,by ,,! ,,rev4 ,,william ,,b+ley1 ,,am4 ,,fls4 ,,late ,,( ,,pet]h\se1 ,,cambridge1 ,,& ,,au?or ,,( ,,animal ,,biography4 ,illu/ration ,,9 ,,?ree ,,volumes4 ,,vol4 ,,ii4 ,,vegetables4 ---- ,,f\r? ,,edition4 ---- ,,london3 ,,pr9t$ ,,= ,,baldw91 ,,cradock1 ,,& ,,joy2 ,,h>vey ,,& ,,d>ton2 ,,& ,c4 ,,& ,j4 ,,riv+ton4 ---- #ahbe4 ,,explanation ,,( ,,! ,,plates ,,( ,,! ,,second ,,volume4 ---- ,,frontispiece3 ,,plate ,i4 ,fig4 #a4 ,olive4 #b4 ,g+] plant4 #c4 ,black pepp]4 #d4 ,c>damom plant4 #e4 ,sug> cane4 #f4 ,saffron4 #g4 ,scammony plant4 #h4 ,jalap plant4 #i4 ,c(fee-tree4 #aj4 ,p]uvian b>k tree4 #aa4 ,tobacco plant4 #ab4 ,annual capsicum4 ,,plate ,,ii4 #ac4 ,:eat4 #ad4 ,oats4 #ae4 ,b>ley4 #af4 ,rye4 #ag4 ,v]nal grass4 #ah4 ,cotton grass4 #ai4 ,bull-ru%4 #bj4 ,mead[ fox-tail grass4 #ba4 ,cat's-tail grass4 #bb4 ,fior91 or ,or*e/on long grass4 #bc4 ,can>y grass4 #bd4 ,purple melic grass4 ,,plate ,,iii4 #be4 ,mead[ s(t grass4 #bf4 ,re$ mead[ grass4 #bg4 ,smoo?-/alk$ mead[ grass4 #bh4 ,annual mead[ grass4 #bi4 ,cre/$ dog's-tail grass4 #cj4 ,h>d fescue grass4 #ca4 ,flote fescue grass4 #cb4 ,%eep's fescue grass4 #cc4 ,common re$4 #cd4 ,sea matwe$4 #ce4 ,rye1 or ,ray grass4 #cf4 ,c\*1 or ,squit* grass4 ,,plate ,,iv4 ,fig4 #cg4 ,flax4 #ch4 ,socotr9e ,aloe4 #ci4 ,rice4 #dj4 ,c9namon-tree4 #da4 ,camphor-tree4 #db4 ,ca%ew ,nut tree4 #dc4 ,logwood-tree4 #dd4 ,mahogany-tree4 #de4 ,all-spice1 or ,pim5to-tree4 #df4 ,almond-tree4 #dg4 ,pomegranate4 #dh4 ,cap] plant4 ,,plate ,v4 #di4 ,tea-tree4 #ej4 ,clove-tree4 #ea4 ,tam>9d-tree4 #eb4 ,cotton plant4 #ec4 ,c[hage plant4 #ed4 ,*ocolate-tree4 #ee4 ,orange-tree4 #ef4 ,lemon-tree4 #eg4 ,bread-fruit-tree4 #eh4 ,maize1 or ,indian corn4 #ei4 ,cucumb]4 #fj4 ,indian rubb] tree4 ,,plate ,,vi4 #fa4 ,common elm4 #fb4 ,broad-leav$ elm4 #fc4 ,ald]4 #fd4 ,bee*-tree4 #fe4 ,sweet *esnut4 #ff4 ,horse *esnut4 #fg4 ,hazel4 #fh4 ,oak4 #fi4 ,walnut-tree4 #gj4 ,sycamore4 #ga4 ,plane-tree4 #gb4 ,mulb]ry-tree4 ,,plate ,,vii4 #gc4 ,hornbeam4 #gd4 ,:ite popl>4 #ge4 ,black popl>4 #gf4 ,fl[]+ a%4 #gg4 ,lignum-vit tree4 #gh4 ,quassia-tree4 #gi4 ,a%-tree4 #hj4 ,nutmeg-tree4 #ha4 ,hop plant4 #hb4 ,hemp4 #hc4 ,fig-tree4 #hd4 ,morell4 ,pl4 #b4 ,illu/ration ,pl4 #c4 ,illu/ration ,pl4 #d4 ,illu/ration ,pl4 #e4 ,illu/ration ,pl4 #f4 ,illu/ration ,pl4 #g4 ,illu/ration ,,useful ,,k4 ---- ,,vegetable ,,productions4 ---- ,,introduction4 #a4 ,,vegetables or ,,plants are natural bodies end[$ ) organization & life1 b de/itute ( volunt>y motion & s5se2 & ,,botany is t bran* ( natural sci5ce :i* treats ( _! /ructure & functions1 ! sy/ematical arrangem5t & d5om9ation ( _! sev]al k9ds1 & _! peculi> prop]ties & uses4 #b4 ,! pr9cipal p>ts ( plants are ! root2 ! h]b or plant itself2 & ! fructification1 or fl[] & fruit4 #c4 ,z x is ! sole object ( ?is introduction to describe1 9 a concise mann]1 ! ,l9nan arrangem5t ( plants1 = ! purpose ( expla9+ ! classification adopt$ 9 ! pres5t volume1 ! p>ts ( fructification only w be m5tion$4 ,^! are ! calyx1 corolla1 /am5s1 pi/il1 se$-vessel1 se$s1 & receptacle4 #d4 ,! ,,calyx1 or fl[] cup1 is ! gre5 "p :i* is situat$ imm$iately b5ea? ! blossom4 ,9 "s plants ?is consi/s ( "o1 9 o!rs ( sev]al leaves2 & x is frequ5tly tubul>1 z 9 ! polyan?us1 & c[slip4 #e4 ,! ,,corolla1 or blossom1 is t col\r$ "p ( e fl[] on :i* its beauty pr9cipally dep5ds4 ,! leaves t compose x are d5om9at$ petals4 ,"s fl[]s1 z ! convolvolus & campanula1 h only a s+le petal2 & o!rs1 z ! rose & peony1 h sev]al petals4 #f4 ,9 ! c5tre ( ! fl[] !re are two k9ds ( organs on :i* ! fructification & re-production ( ! species m p>ticul>ly dep5d4 ,^! are ! /am5s1 & ! pi/il4 ,! ,,/am5s are sl5d]1 ?read-l1 sub/ances1 :i* surr\nd ! pi/il4 ,!y ea* consi/ ( a filam5t or ?read1 & an an!r or summit3 ! latt] conta9s1 :5 ripe1 a f9e du/ or p[d] call$ poll54 ,?is1 ?\gh1 to ! nak$ eye1 x appe>s a f9e p[d]1 is s curi\sly =m$1 & is s v>i\s 9 diff]5t plants1 z to be an int]e/+ object = ! microscope4 ,ea* gra9 ( x is1 commonly1 a membran\s bag1 r\nd or angul>1 r\gh or smoo?1 :i* rema9s entire till x meets ) any moi/ure2 x !n bur/s & dis*>ges a mo/ subtile vap\r4 #g4 ,! ,,pi/il is a prom95t "p1 imm$iately 9 ! c5tre ( ea* fl[]1 :i* adh]es to ! fruit1 & is de/9$ = ! reception ( ! poll54 ,"s fl[]s h only "o pi/il2 o!rs h two1 ?ree1 f\r1 c4 & o!rs m ?an c be easily c\nt$4 #h4 ,at ! foot ( ! pi/il is situat$ ! g]m54 ,?is1 :5 gr[n to maturity1 has ! "n ( p]ic>p or ,,se$-,,vessel1 & is t "p ( ! fructification :i* conta9s ! se$s3 :e!r x be a capsule z 9 ! poppy1 a nut z ! filb]t1 a drupe z ! plum1 a b]ry z ! gooseb]ry1 a pome z ! apple1 a pod z 9 ! pea1 or a cone z ( ! fir-tree4 #i4 ,t "p ( e vegetable1 :i*1 at a c]ta9 /ate ( maturity1 is sep>at$ f x1 & conta9s ! rudim5ts ( a new plant1 is call$ ! ,,se$4 #aj4 ,! ,,receptacle is ! base :i* connects all ! p>ts ( fructification toge!r1 & on :i* !y are seat$4 ,9 "s plants ?is is v conspicu\s2 & 9 none m s ?an ! arti*oke1 ( :i* x =ms ! eatable "p1 call$ ! bottom4 #aa4 ,! ,l9nan sy/em ( classification ( plants is f\nd$ ^u a supposition t ! /am5s repres5t ! male1 & ! pi/ils ! female p>ts ( fructification4 ,! :ole vegetable creation has be5 di/ribut$1 by ,l9nu1 into tw5ty-f\r classes4 ,^! are divid$ into ord]s1 :i* are subdivid$ into g5]a or tribes2 & ^! g5]a are fur!r divid$ into species or individuals4 #ab4 ,( ! ,,classes ! discrim9at+ *>act]s are tak5 f ! numb]1 connexion1 l5g?1 or situation ( ! /am5s4 ,9 ea* ( ! fir/ tw5ty classes !re are /am5s & pi/ils 9 ! same fl[]2 9 ! tw5ty-fir/ class1 ! /am5s & pi/ils are 9 di/9ct fl[]s on ! same plant2 9 ! tw5ty-second1 9 di/9ct fl[]s on diff]5t plants2 9 ! tw5ty-?ird1 9 ! same fl[] & also 9 di/9ct fl[]s2 & 9 ! tw5ty-f\r? class !y are n at all disc]nible4 ,?us3 ,! /am5s consid]$ accord+ to _!3 ,classes4 ,"o #a4 ,mon&ria4 ,,classes4 ,two #b4 ,di&ria4 ,?ree #c4 ,tri&ria4 ,f\r #d4 ,tetr&ria4 ,five #e4 ,p5t&ria4 ,numb] ,numb] only ,six #f4 ,hex&ria4 ,sev5 #g4 ,hept&ria4 ,eight #h4 ,oct&ria4 ,n9e #i4 ,enne&ria4 ,t5 #aj4 ,dec&ria4 ,ab\t twelve #aa4 ,dodec&ria4 & _! ,ins]tion ,on ! calyx3 m ?an n9ete5 #ab4 ,icos&ria4 ,n on ! calyx3 m ?an n9ete5 #ac4 ,poly&ria4 ,proportion ,f\r3 two long &two unequal %ort #ad4 ,didynamia4 ,six3 f\r long &two %ort #ae4 ,tetradynamia4 ,connexion by ,filam5ts ,9 "o set #af4 ,monadelphia4 unit$ ,9 two sets #ag4 ,diadelphia4 ,9 ?ree or m sets #ah4 ,polyadelphia4 ,an!rs unit$ #ai4 ,syng5esia4 ,/am5s ^u ! pi/il #bj4 ,gyn&ria4 ,sep>ation ( ,on ! same plant #ba4 ,monoecia4 ,pi/ils ,on two plants #bb4 ,dioecia4 ,) fl[]s ( bo? sexes #bc4 ,polygamia4 ,n be+ disc]nible #bd4 ,cryptogamia4 #ac4 ,! *>act]s ( ! ,,ord]s are mo/ commonly tak5 f ! numb] ( ! pi/ils2 b sometimes f circum/ances relative to ! /am5s1 pi/ils1 or se$4 ,^? ( ! fir/ ?irte5 classes are tak5 f ! numb] ( pi/ils1 ?us3 ,monogynia #a pi/il4 ,digynia #b pi/ils4 ,trigynia #c pi/ils4 ,tetragynia #d pi/ils4 ,p5tagynia #e pi/ils4 ,hexagynia #f pi/ils4 ,heptagynia #g pi/ils4 ,octagynia #h pi/ils4 ,enneagynia #i pi/ils4 ,decagynia #aj pi/ils4 ,dodecagynia ab\t #ab pi/ils4 ,polygynia _m pi/ils4 ,! ord]s ( ! f\rte5? class1 ,didynamia1 are tak5 f ! situation ( ! se$s2 & are ,gymnosp]mia nak$ se$s4 ,angiosp]mia se$s 9 a capsule4 ,! ord]s ( ! fifte5? class1 ,tetradynamia1 are =m$ f a diff]5ce 9 ! %ape ( ! se$-vessel3 ,siliculosa a broad pod4 ,siliquosa a long pod4 ,9 ! classes ,monadelphia1 ,diadelphia1 ,polyadelphia1 & ,gyn&ria1 ! ord]s are tak5 f ! numb] ( /am5s3 ,p5t&ria #e /am5s4 ,hex&ria1 c4 #f /am5s1 c4 ,9 ! n9ete5? class1 ,syng5esia1 ! ord]s are tak5 f ! /ructure ( ! fl[]3 ,polygamia qualis1--all ! florets alike4 ,polygamia sup]flua1--! florets ( ! c5tre p]fect or unit$2 ^? ( ! m>g9 ) pi/ils only1 b all produc+ p]fect se$s4 ,polygamia fru/ranea1--! florets ( ! c5tre p]fect or unit$2 ^? ( ! m>g91 9 g5]al1 )\t ei!r /am5s or pi/ils4 ,polygamia necess>ia1--! florets ( ! c5tre ) /am5s only2 ^? ( ! m>g9 ) pi/ils only4 ,! classes ,monoecia & ,dicoecia take _! ord]s f ! numb] & o!r peculi>ities ( ! /am5s3 ,mon&ria #a /am54 ,di&ria1 c4 #b /am5s1 c4 ,poly&ria #g /am5s4 ,monadelphia /am5s unit$ into "o set4 ,polyadelphia /am5s unit$ into sev]al sets4 ,gyn&ria /am5s ^u ! pi/il4 ,9 ! class ,polygamia !re are ?ree ord]s3 ,monoecia4 ,dioecia4 ,trioecia4 ,! tw5ty-f\r? class1 ,cryptogamia1 has five ord]s3 #a4 ,f]ns4 #b4 ,mosses4 #c4 ,liv]worts4 #d4 ,flags4 #e4 ,mu%rooms4 ,! ,l9nan sy/em is pr(ess$ly artificial4 ,its sole aim 7obs]ves ,sir ,j4 ,e4 ,smi?7 is to help any "o to le>n ! "n & hi/ory ( an unkn[n plant 9 ! mo/ easy & c]ta9 mann]4 ,?is is done by fir/ det]m9+ its class & ord]2 aft] :i* its g5us is to be made out1 by comp>+ ! p>ts ( fructification ) all ! g5]ic *>act]s ( t ord]2 &1 f9ally1 its species1 by exam9+ all ! specific def9itions ( ! g5us4 ---- ,,class ,i4--,,mon&ria4 ---- ,,monogynia4 #ad4 ,,g+] is ! dri$ root ( a some:at re$-l plant 7,amomum z+ib]1 ,pl4 #a4 ,fig4 #b47 :i* gr[s wild 9 sev]al p>ts ( ,asia2 & is mu* cultivat$ bo? 9 ! ,ea/ & ,we/ ,indies4 ,! fl[]s ( ! g+] plant issue f /alks di/9ct f ^? :i* support ! leaves1 & =m a k9d ( e> or spike1 ( beautiful col\rs & v fragrant smell4 ,! cultivation ( g+] is ne>ly simil> to t ( potatoes4 ,! l& is fir/ well cleans$ f we$s3 x is !n dug into tr5*es simil> to ^? :i* our g>d5]s make = cel]y2 & ! plants are set 9 ^! tr5*es 9 ,m>* or ,april4 ,!y fl[] ab\t ,septemb]2 &1 9 ,janu>y or ,febru>y1 :5 ! /alks are )]$1 ! roots are 9 a prop] /ate to be dug up4 ,^! are prep>$ = use 9 two ways4 ,:5 int5d$ = :at is call$ :ite g+] !y are pick$1 scrap$1 sep>ately wa%$1 & aft]w>ds dri$ ) great c>e1 by exposure to ! sun4 ,= black g+] !y are pick$1 cleans$1 imm]s$ 9 boil+ wat]1 & dri$4 ,?is process is mu* less labori\s & exp5sive ?an ! la/1 consequ5tly ! price ( ! article is n s great4 ,by boil+1 ! g+] loses a portion ( its ess5tial oil2 & its black col\r is ow+ to ?is4 ,! uses ( g+]1 bo? 9 m$ic9e1 & z a spice1 are num]\s & well kn[n4 ,9 ! ,we/ ,indies ?is root is frequ5tly eat5 fre% 9 salads1 & ) o!r food3 & ! roots :5 dug up "y1 namely1 at ! end ( ?ree or f\r mon?s aft] !y h be5 plant$1 are pres]v$ 9 syrup1 & export$ z a sweet-meat to ne>ly all p>ts ( ! _w4 ,! g+] :i* is br\ght into ?is c\ntry f ! ,ea/ ,indies is mu* /rong] ?an any we h f ,jamaica4 #ae4 ,,c>damoms are ! se$s ( an ,ea/ ,indian plant#a 7,fig4 #d71 :i* has %9+ re$-l /alks & spe>-%ap$ glossy leaves4 ,!y are br\ght into ,europe 9 _! pods1 :i* are small1 oblong1 triangul>1 & ea* divid$ into ?ree cells4 ,! roots are ?ick1 fle%y1 & knott$4 ,! /alks gr[ f sev5 to twelve feet high2 & ! fl[]s are ( irregul> %ape1 &1 9 col\r1 are gre51 p9k1 & :ite4 ,9 ^? woody p>ts ( ,india :]e c>damom plants spontane\sly gr[1 ! inhabitants =m plantations ( !m by a v simple process4 ,!y cle>1 f p>ticul> spots1 ! great] numb] ( ! trees2 &1 t[>ds ! close ( ! f\r? ra9y season aft]w>ds1 !y look = ! fir/ crop ( c>damoms 7rais$ f ! scatt]$ se$s :i* h la9 dormant 9 ! gr\nd71 & !y are seldom disappo9t$4 ,! c>damom h>ve/ usually comm5ces 9 ,octob]1 & la/s till ,decemb]4 ,wom5 or *ildr5 pluck ! fruit-/alks f ! roots1 c>ry !m into ! h\ses1 & !re spread !m ^u mats to dry4 ,! pods are !n sep>at$ f ! /alks by /ripp+ !m ) ! f+]s3 !y und]go "s fur!r processes ( dry+2 aft] :i* !y are pack$ = exportation1 9 l>ge *e/s1 :i* are well pit*$ at ! jo9ts & seams1 to prev5t !m f be+ injur$ by moi/ure4 ,x is e/imat$ t ab\t #ae1jjj p\nds weight ( ^! se$s are annually v5d$ at ! ,ea/ ,india ,company's sales4 ,c>damoms h a pleasant aromatic smell2 &1 :5 *ew$1 imp>t to ! m\? a w>m? & pung5cy1 :i*1 to mo/ p]sons1 are extremely grateful4 ,! ,indians use !m1 9 consid]able quantity1 9 _! food2 & also mix !m ) betel 7#bb71 & *ew !m1 "u a belief t !y t5d to facilitate dige/ion4 ,!y are sometimes us$ ) u 9 m$ic9e1 b m frequ5tly = ! purpose ( conceal+ ! nause\s ta/e ( o!r m$ic9es4 #af4 ,,turm]ic is a ?ick1 fle%y1 & solid ,ea/ ,indian root1 :i* is usually se5 9 pieces f half an in* to two in*es & upw>ds 9 l5g?2 has a yell[i% & rugg$ surface1 & is ( a %9+ saffron br[n col\r )94 ,! fl[]s ( ! turm]ic plant 7,curcuma longa7 are :ite1 & =m an e> or spike1 :i* issues imm$iately f ! root4 ,! leaves are spe>-%ap$1 & ea* eight or n9e in*es long4 ,?is root1 :i* has an aromatic smell some:at resembl+ t ( g+]1 is mu* cultivat$ 9 ! ,ea/ ,indies1 :]e x is 9 common use z a season+ = rag\ts & o!r di%es4 ,x con/itutes a pr9cipal +r$i5t 9 curry p[d]2 &1 "u ?is =m1 is us$1 9 great quantities1 bo? 9 ,india & ,europe4 ,"s ye>s ago x _h consid]able repute z a m$ic9e = ! removal ( jaundice1 diseases ( ! liv]1 & o!r compla9ts3 b ! *ief purpose = :i* x is n[ e/eem$ is its imp>t+ a ri* yell[ dye to silks1 l951 or wooll52 & = height5+ & r5d]+ bright] ! r$ col\rs dy$ ) co*9eal & v]milion4 ,x is 9 mu* reque/ by glov]s1 = dye+ yell[ gloves4 ,"s ( ! ,indian tribes use x 9 pa9t+ _! bodies4 #ag4 ,,arr[ ,,root1 9 ! /ate t we see x1 is a k9d ( />*1 manufactur$ f ! root ( a plant :i* is cultivat$ bo? 9 ! ,ea/ & ,we/ ,indies4 ,?is plant 7,m>anta arund9acea7 is ab\t two feet high1 has broad1 po9t$1 & some:at hairy leaves2 small :ite fl[]s 9 clu/]s1 & a ne>ly globul> fruit ab\t ! size ( a currant4 ,! arr[-root plant has its "n f ! ,indians us+ its juice z a rem$y = w\nds inflict$ by poison$ arr[s4 ,!y likewise consid] x efficaci\s aga9/ ! /+s ( ^? v5om\s insects ) :i* ! c\ntries ( ne>ly all hot climates ab\nd4 ,! />* or p[d] ( arr[-root is obta9$ by ! foll[+ process4 ,! roots1 :5 a ye> old1 are dug up1 wa%$1 & beat5 to a milky pulp1 9 deep wood5 mort>s4 ,?is pulp is aft]w>ds well wa%$ 9 clean wat]1 & ! fibr\s p>ts1 t are f\nd among/ x1 are c>efully sep>at$ & ?r[n away4 ,x is next pass$ ?r\gh a sieve1 or co>se clo?1 & suff]$ to /& = "s "t to settle4 ,! wat] t rema9s is subsequ5tly drawn (f1 & ! :ite mass at ! bottom is aga9 wa%$4 ,aft] ?is ! wat] is entirely cle>$ away1 & ! pulp1 :5 dri$ 9 ! sun1 is an extremely pure k9d ( />*2 :i* requires only to be r$uc$ to p[d] to atta9 ! /ate 9 :i* we import x4 ,!re is no ,european vegetable1 if we except ! salep or or*is root 7#bai71 :i* yields s l>ge a proportion ( nutritive mucilage z ?is4 ,consequ5tly1 z an article ( diet = *ildr51 & p]sons recov]+ f illness1 x has ( late ye>s be5 f\nd extremely valuable4 ,c>e1 h[ev]1 %\ld be tak5 to obta9 x g5u9e1 z ! high price = :i* x is sold is frequ5tly ! cause ( its be+ adult]at$4 ,x is ev5 said t ! article usually sold 9 ,london "u ! "n ( arr[-root1 consi/s *iefly ( />* made f potatoes4 ---- ,,class ,,ii4--,,di&ria4 ---- ,,monogynia4 #ah4 ,! ,,olive 7,olea ,europea7 is a l[ ev]gre5 tree1 :i*1 9 its g5]al =m & appe>ance1 some:at resembles a will[4 ,x is cultivat$ 9 sev]al p>ts ( ! cont95t1 & has spe>-%ap$ leaves1 & clu/]s ( small :ite fl[]s1 t arise at ! junction ( ! leaves & bran*es 7,fig4 #a47 ,! fruit ( ?is tree has ! "n ( olives4 ,^! are usually ab\t ! size ( a damson plum1 & ea* conta9s a h>d1 r\gh /one4 ,:5 fir/ ga!r$ !y h an acrid1 bitt]1 & unpleasant ta/e2 & x is n until !y h be5 /eep$1 = sev]al days1 9 a ley ( wood a%es1 & !n pickl$ 9 salt & wat]1 t !y are 9 ! /ate to be introduc$ at table aft] d9n]1 9 dess]ts4 ,lucca olives1 be+ small] ?an any o!rs1 h ! weake/ ta/e4 ,! l>g] ones are import$ f ,spa91 & are ! /ronge/2 b ^? mo/ e/eem$ are ! olives ( ,prov5ce1 :i* are ( middle size4 ,if olives be eat5 by p]sons ( delicate habits1 especially aft] a solid or heavy d9n]1 !y are consid]$ injuri\s1 on acc\nt ( ! great quantity ( oil !y conta94 ,x is to ?is fruit t we are indebt$ = ! salad or olive oil1 :i* is s mu* 9 use ?r\gh\t e "p ( ,europe4 ,! prep>ation ( x is z foll[s3--,! olives1 :5 suffici5tly ripe1 are c>efully pick$1 by h&1 (f ! trees1 & ^? t are bad are tak5 out & ?r[n aside4 ,aft] hav+ be5 left a little :ile to )]1 !y are fir/ bruis$1 & !n m completely cru%$1 by an upright mill/one roll+ ^u an horizontal plane4 ,! pa/e ?us =m$ is submitt$ to ! op]ation ( ! press4 ,! f9e/ oil fl[s fir/3 :5 no m is f\nd to fl[1 ! pulp is moi/5$ ) boil+ wat]1 & ! mass is aga9 press$4 ,?is done1 ! rema9+ oil is drawn f ! surface ( ! wat]1 b x conta9s "s impurities f :i* x _c1 )\t difficulty1 be cle>$4 ,:at rema9s ( ! pulp is squeez$ into lumps or balls1 & dri$ = fuel4 ,if ! olives be indiscrim9ately ga!r$ & heap$ toge!r1 s\nd & uns\nd1 )\t selection1 ! oil is always bad4 ,! wild trees yield a v small k9d ( fruit1 :i* furni%es1 ?\gh 9 less quantity1 a peculi>ly excell5t oil4 ,! olive tree has ev] be5 consid]$ ! symbol ( peace2 & ! anci5t poets h ass]t$ t ,m9]va well m]it$ ! hon\r ( giv+ h] "n to ! city ( ,a!ns = hav+ plant$ x 9 ,attica4 ,z a wood1 ?is tree is 9 consid]able reque/ by cab9et mak]s1 f its be+ beautifully ve9$1 & tak+ an excell5t poli%4 ,9 "s p>ts ( ,spa91 ornam5tal boxes are made ( ! roots ( ! olive tree4 ,olive oil is employ$ 9 v>i\s bran*es ( cul9>y & dome/ic economy4 ,:5 unit$ ) soda1 x is manufactur$ into soap4 ,x is likewise us$ 9 m$ic9e2 is adopt$ z a s(t5+ +r$i5t 9 almo/ all k9ds ( o9tm5ts & pla/]s1 & is suppos$ to be efficaci\s z a rem$y aga9/ ! poison ( ! vip]4 ,p]sons copi\sly ano9t$ ) oil are said to h escap$ ! infection ( ! plague & yell[ fev]4 ,,trigynia4 #ai4 ,,! ,,common ,,jasm9e 7,jasm9um (fic9ale7 is a well kn[n %rub1 ) :ite1 salv]-%ap$ fl[]s1 & opposite1 w+$ leaves1 ! leaflets some:at po9t$2 & is a native ( ,malab> & o!r p>ts ( ! ,ea/4 ,z an ornam5tal %rub1 jasm9e has long be5 cultivat$ 9 ,europe4 ,x is *iefly tra9$ aga9/ walls & trellis-"w1 & is int]e/+1 n only f ! elegance ( its foliage1 b also f ! numb] ( beautiful :ite fl[]s ) :i* x is adorn$ ?r\gh\t ! summ] & autumn4 ,^! exhale a sweet & p5etrat+ od\r1 p>ticul>ly aft] ra91 & 9 ! night4 ,! ,italians1 by a v simple op]ation1 prep>e f ! fl[]s ( jasm9e a grateful p]fume4 ,!y soak cotton-wool 9 "s k9d ( sc5tless vegetable oil1 & !n place1 9 glass vessels1 alt]nate lay]s ( ?is & ( ! fl[]s4 ,aft] hav+ be5 left 9 ?is /ate "s days1 ! fl[]s are f\nd to h giv5 ! :ole ( _! fragrance to ! oil 9 ! cotton3 !y are !n sep>at$1 & ! oil is press$ out & remov$ into small glass bottles = use4 #bj4 ,,black ,,pepp] is ! dri$ b]ry ( a climb+ or trail+ plant 7,pip] nigrum1 ,fig4 #c7 :i* gr[s 9 ! ,ea/ ,indies1 & 9 mo/ ( ! isl&s ( ! ,indian ,sea4 ,its /em has num]\s jo9ts1 & ?r[s out roots at e jo9t4 ,! leaves1 :i* are some:at egg-%ap$1 & po9t$1 are ( a br[ni% col\r1 & h ea* sev5 v /rong n]ves4 ,! fl[]s are small & :ite4 ,9 ! cultivation ( pepp] x is cu/om>y to m>k out ! gr\nds into regul> squ>es ( ab\t six feet ea*1 :i* is ! usual di/ance all[$ = ! plants4 ,&1 z ^! h n suffici5t /r5g? to support !mselves 9 an upright gr[?1 !y are g5]ally plac$ ne> a ?orny k9d ( %rub1 among ! bran*es ( :i* !y creep l ivy4 ,:5 !y h run to a consid]able height1 ! twigs1 on :i* ! b]ries hang1 b5d d[n1 & ! fruit appe>s 9 long sl5d] clu/]s1 ( f tw5ty to fifty gra9s1 some:at resembl+1 b mu* m compact ?an1 bun*es ( currants4 ,! b]ries are gre5 :5 "y1 b *ange to a bright r$ col\r :5 ripe4 ,z soon z !y beg9 to r$d51 !y are 9 a fit /ate to be ga!r$4 ,:5 ga!r$1 !y are spread ^u mats 9 ! sun1 :]e !y are suff]$ to rema9 till !y become dry1 black1 & %rivell$1 z we see !m4 ,9 ?is /ate !y h ! d5om9ation ( black pepp]4 ,:ite pepp] is no?+ m ?an ! be/ & s\nde/ ( ! b]ries1 ga!r$ :5 !y are fully ripe1 & /ripp$ ( _! ext]nal coat or sk94 ,to effect ?is !y are /eep$1 = ab\t a week1 9 salt wat]1 by ! end ( :i* "t ! sk9s bur/4 ,!y are !n dri$ 9 ! sun1 rubb$ betwe5 ! h&s1 & w9n[$4 ,?us cle>$ f _! sk9s !y are r5d]$ small] & m smoo? ?an black pepp]4 ,z ! acridity ( pepp] lies pr9cipally 9 ! sk91 ?is k9d becomes1 ( c\rse1 mu* less pung5t ?an ! o!r2 b x has "o recomm5dation1 t x c be made only ( ! be/ & s\nde/ gra9s1 tak5 at _! mo/ p]fect /ate ( maturity4 ,pepp] is an article ( consid]able traffic betwixt ?is c\ntry & ! ,ea/ ,indies4 ,t :i* is import$ f ,malab> is consid]$ bett] ?an any o!r4 ,! quantity ( pepp] v5d$ at ! ,ea/ ,india ,company's sales has1 9 "s ye>s1 exce$$ six millions ( p\nds' weight1 ( :i* sev5 or eight hundr$ ?\s& p\nds h be5 reta9$ = home consumption4 ,bo? black & :ite pepp] are 9 daily use1 n only z a spice1 b also 9 cook]y4 ,:5 co>sely gr\nd1 pepp] is eat5 ) peas1 cabbages1 cucumb]s1 & o!r flatul5t & cold vegetables2 & occasionally also ) fi%4 ,x is sometimes employ$ 9 m$ic9e z a /imulant4 ,a s+ul> imposition respect+ pepp] is occasionally practis$ 9 retail %ops 9 ,london3 artificial pepp]-corns1 bo? black & :ite1 are mix$ & sold ) real pepp]4 ,! detection ( ?is fraudul5t mixture1 h[ev]1 is easy4 ,if a h&ful ( ! suspect$ pepp] be ?r[n into wat]1 ! artificial corns w fall to p[d]1 or be p>tially dissolv$1 :ile ! true pepp]-corns w rema9 :ole4 ,! fraudul5t gra9s are said to be made ( peas-meal4 #ba4 ,,long ,,pepp] is ! fruit ( a sl5d] climb+ %rub 7,pip] longum7 :i* gr[s 9 ! ,ea/ ,indies4 ,x is ( cyl9drical %ape1 ab\t an in* & half 9 l5g?1 & a qu>t] ( an in* 9 ?ickness2 & is =m$ by ! union ( a great numb] ( small r\nd$ gra9s4 ,! %rub t produces x has d>k gre5 & he>t-%ap$ leaves1 ea* ) sev5 /rong n]ves4 ,a consid]able quantity ( long pepp] is annually import$ 9 ?is c\ntry f ,b5gal & o!r p>ts ( ! ,ea/1 = use1 bo? 9 dome/ic economy & 9 m$ic9e4 ,! inhabitants ( ,india dr9k wat] 9 :i* long pepp] has be5 infus$1 & e/eem x a valuable rem$y = "s disord]s ( ! /oma*4 ,!y also di/il an ard5t _s f x2 & !y pickle ?is fruit 9 v9eg>1 = use at table4 ,! fruit t is collect$ = exportation is ga!r$ be=e x is q ripe4 #bb4 ,,betel is ! leaf ( a climb+ ,ea/ ,indian plant 7,pip] betel7 :i* belongs to ! same tribe z pepp]2 &1 9 %ape & appe>ance1 is n mu* unlike t ( ivy1 b is m t5d]1 & full ( juice4 ,!re is an almo/ incr$ible consumption ( betel ov] ! :ole cont95t ( ,india4 ,! inhabitants *ew x almo/ incessantly1 & 9 su* quantity t _! lips become q r$1 & _! tee? black1 a col\r greatly pref]r$ by !m to ! :it5ess :i* ,europeans s mu* affect4 ,!y c>ry x1 9 little :ite boxes1 ab\t _! p]sons1 & pres5t x to ea* o!r1 by way ( complim5t & civility1 9 ! same mann] z ! ,europeans d snuff4 ,?is is done by wom5 z well z by m53 & x w\ld be consid]$ an (f5ce if ^? to :om x 0 (f]$ %\ld refuse to accept (1 & *ew x4 ,! leaves are sometimes us$ alone1 b mu* m commonly cov]$ ) a k9d ( lime made ( sea %ells1 & wrapp$ r\nd slices ( ! areca nut 7#bde74 ---- ,,class ,,iii4--,,tri&ria4 ---- ,,monogynia4 #bc4 ,,saffron is ! orange-col\r$ pi/il1 or c5tre "p1 ( a purple species ( crocus 7,crocus sativus7 :i* fl[]s 9 ! autumn1 & is *iefly di/+ui%$ by hav+ ! ?ree extremities ( ! pi/il s long z to hang out ( ! fl[] 7,fig4 #f47 ,9 ,cambridge%ire !re is a t[n call$ ,saffron ,wald51 t has its "n f ! quantity ( saffron :i* is annually produc$ 9 its neighb\rhood4 ,! roots ( ! saffron crocuses are plant$ at ! di/ance ( ab\t five in*es f ea* o!r1 & two in*es deep 9 ! gr\nd4 ,z soon z ! fl[]s appe>1 !y are ga!r$ by h& e morn+1 j be=e !y op52 &1 z !y cont9ue to op5 9 succession = sev]al weeks1 ! saffron h>ve/ ( c\rse cont9ues s long4 ,:5 ! fl[]s are ga!r$1 !y are spread on a table3 ! upp] "p ( ! pi/il only is pick$ out1 & ! re/ ( ! fl[] is ?r[n away4 ,z soon z a suffici5t quantity ( ! pi/ils h be5 collect$1 !y are dri$ 9 a k9d ( portable kiln2 ov] ?is a hair clo? is /ret*$1 & ^u x a few %eets ( :ite pap]4 ,! saffron is scatt]$ ^u ^! to ! ?ickness ( two or ?ree in*es1 & is !n cov]$ ) sev]al %eets ( pap]1 ov] :i* is laid a co>se blanket five or six times d\bl$1 or a canvas bag fill$ ) /raw4 ,z soon z ! fire has heat$ ! kiln1 a bo>d1 on :i* a weight is put1 is plac$ ^u ! blanket to press ! saffron into a cake4 ,by ! end ( ! fir/ h\r1 a /rong fire be+ employ$1 ! cake is =m$4 ,?is is !n turn$1 &1 = ano!r h\r1 is subject$ to an equal degree ( heat4 ,x is !n turn$ a second "t1 & a m g5tle heat is employ$1 till ! cake becomes dry1 dur+ :i* "t x is turn$ e half h\r4 ,a field ( saffron w cont9ue 9 p]fection = ?ree or f\r ye>s1 yield+ progressively1 dur+ ?is p]iod1 m num]\s & l>g] fl[]s1 z well z an increase ( ! bulb\s roots2 aft] :i* ! (fsets may be advantage\sly transplant$ to o!r situations4 ,! saffron :i* is gr[n 9 ,engl& is consid]$ sup]ior to any t is import$ f o!r c\ntries4 ,! be/ saffron may be kn[n by ! bread? ( ! blades4 ,x ought n to be ( too deep a r$ or orange col\r1 & %\ld be fre% & t\gh1 & h a /rong b pleasant aromatic od\r4 ,saffron %\ld n be kept m ?an twelve mon?s4 ,saffron 0 mu* us$ by ! anci5ts z a p]fume1 b1 9 ?is respect1 _! ta/e 0 v diff]5t f ours4 ,n only 7 ! halls1 !atres1 & c\rts1 ?r\gh :i* !y wi%$ to diffuse an agreeable smell1 /rew$ ) ?is sub/ance1 b x 0 us$ by !m = a sc5t1 9 v9\s extracts4 ,f saffron1 ) ! addition ( wax1 ! ,greeks1 z well z ! ,romans1 prep>$ sc5t$ salves4 ,9 our own c\ntry x 0 =m]ly mu* us$ 9 m$ic9e2 hav+ be5 e/eem$ an excell5t rem$y 9 hy/]ical & o!r compla9ts4 ,:5 tak5 9 small doses1 x t5ds to exhil>ate ! spirits2 b x ought to be us$ ) great mod]ation4 ,x is sometimes us$ by bak]s1 to col\r & flav\r diff]5t k9ds ( cakes & biscuits4 ,) wat] or spirits x gives out a beautiful yell[ col\r2 b ?is is n useful z a dye1 z1 on exposure to ! air1 x soon fades2 & no means h hi!rto be5 discov]$ by :i* x c be fix$ & r5d]$ p]man5t4 #bd4 ,,orris ,,root is ! root ( a :ite fl[]$ k9d ( iris1 call$ ,flor5t9e ,iris 7,iris ,flor5t9a71 :i* is a native ( ,italy1 & is di/+ui%$ by hav+ two fl[]s on ea* /alk1 ! petals be>d$1 & ! leaves sword-%ap$4 ,9 a dri$ /ate ?is root is well kn[n on acc\nt ( its grateful od\r1 :i* some:at approa*es t ( ! violet4 ,x is consequ5tly mu* us$ 9 ! manufacture ( hair-p[d]1 & o!r articles = :i* an agreeable sc5t is requir$4 ,x is sometimes employ$ 9 m$ic9e z a pectoral or expectorant1 & sometimes 9 dropsies4 ,9 a rec5t /ate ! root is extremely acrid2 &1 :5 *ew$1 x excites 9 ! m\? a pung5t ta/e1 :i* cont9ues = sev]al h\rs2 b ?is acrimony is almo/ :olly dissipat$ by dry+4 ,orris-root is *iefly import$ f ,leghorn4 #be4 ,! ,,yell[ ,,wat]-,,flag1 or ,,common ,,iris 7,iris pseudacorus7 is a v conspicu\s plant 9 mo/ ( our m>%es4 ,x has sword-%ap$ leaves1 &1 ab\t ! middle ( ,july1 be>s l>ge & beautiful yell[ fl[]s4 ,! roots ( ?is plant possess qualities :i* r5d] !m capable ( be+ appli$ to _m useful purposes4 ,_! a/r+5cy is su* t x is suppos$ !y might be employ$ ) great advantage 9 ! tann+ ( lea!r4 ,9 ! isl& ( ,jura1 "o ( ! ,hebrides1 !y are us$ = dye+ a black col\r2 & ! inhabitants ( "s p>ts ( ,scotl& adopt !m in/ead ( galls 9 ! mak+ ( ink4 ,= ?is purpose !y are cut into ?9 slices1 & boil$1 or infus$ 9 wat]1 till ! liquid is deeply t+$ ) blue4 ,?is is p\r$ cle> (f1 & ! blade ( a knife1 or "s o!r piece ( iron1 is put into x1 & rubb$ h>d ) a r\gh :ite pebble1 by :i* process1 aft] a little :ile1 ! liquor becomes p]fectly black4 ,a slice ( ! fre% root1 if held betwe5 ! tee?1 w1 x is said1 almo/ in/antly remove ! s5sibility1 & ?us alleviate ! pa91 ( too?-a*e4 ,! leaves ( ?is plant are consid]$ poison\s to all cattle except %eep4 #bf4 ,! ,,papyrus is a s$ge-l plant 7,cyp]us papyrus71 :i* gr[s 9 wat]y places 9 ,egypt1 ,syria1 ,sicily1 & ,madagasc>4 ,x has a ?ree-sid$ /em1 _m feet 9 height1 :i* is t]m9at$ by a bu%y head1 consi/+ ( a l>ge & comp\nd clu/re ( fl[]s4 ,f ?is plant ! anci5ts made _! pap]2 & ! process ( manufactur+ x is describ$ by ,pl9y1 ! ,roman naturali/1 to h be5 v simple4 ,! inn] r9d ( ! /em 0 m]ely cut into /rips1 & laid 9 p>allel & transv]se r[s2 & ^!1 on be+ heavily press$ ) weights1 adh]$ toge!r4 ,! sub/ance ?us =m$1 ?\gh ( rude texture1 0 capable ( be+ writt5 ^u2 & !re are _m manuscripts /ill extant on pap] ( ?is description4 ,! anci5ts also sometimes employ$ ! sword-%ap$ leaves ( ?is plant = writ+ ^u4 ,) ! =m] a k9d ( ink 0 us$2 b on ! latt] ! lett]s 7 =m$ by a metallic1 po9t$ in/rum5t1 call$ by ! ,romans a /ylus4 ,b ! papyrus plant 0 n m]ely useful = writ+ ^u4 ,! inhabitants ( ! c\ntries :]e x is f\nd manufacture x1 ev5 to ?is day1 into sail-clo?1 mattresses1 ropes1 & sometimes ev5 into we>+ app>el4 ,:5 ! /ems are compactly wov5 toge!r1 & pla/]$1 ext]nally1 ) a k9d ( res9\s sub/ance1 s z to prev5t ! admission ( wat]1 !y are made into boats4 ,^!1 ?\gh !y resemble great baskets 9 appe>ance1 are ( consid]able use to ! inhabitants4 ,! ark ( bulru%es daub$ ) slime & pit*1 9 :i* ! infant ,moses 0 plac$1 is suppos$1 by ! be/ comm5tators1 to h be5 a boat made ( ?is plant4 ,! floral ?yrsus :i* 0 us$ to adorn ! temples & /atues ( ! gods1 0 a repres5tation ( ! tuft ( ! papyrus4 ,,digynia4 #bg4 ,,sug> is ! concrete or cry/alliz$ juice ( ! sug> cane 7,sac*>um (fic9>um1 ,fig4 #e71 a plant1 mu* cultivat$ bo? 9 ! ,ea/ & ,we/ ,indies1 :i* has a jo9t$ /em eight or n9e feet high1 long & flat leaves ( gre5i% yell[ col\r1 & fl[]s 9 bun*es4 ,! cultivation ( ! sug>-cane is pursu$ to great ext5t 9 ! isl&s ( ! ,we/ ,indies1 :]e1 ab\t ?ree c5turies ago1 x 0 fir/ introduc$ f ,*9a1 or "s o!r p>ts ( ! ,ea/1 & :]e x fl\ri%es ) great luxuriance1 p>ticul>ly 9 moi/ & ri* gr\nd4 ,! season = plant+ x comm5ces ab\t ! beg9n+ ( ,augu/4 ,?is op]ation is p]=m$ by lay+ ! canes 9 r[s1 9 tr5*es =m$ = ! purpose4 ,roots issue f ea* jo9t2 &1 9 ! c\rse ( n9e or t5 mon?s1 ! /ems :i* rise f ^! respective roots1 & con/itute ! sug> crop1 atta9 _! p]fect /ate4 ,! sac*>9e juice is conta9$ 9 a spongy pi? ) :i* ! int]ior ( ! plant is fill$4 ,:5 cut d[n1 ! leaves are ?r[n aside z ( no use 9 ! manufacture ( sug>1 & ! /ems or canes are divid$ into pieces1 ea* ab\t a y>d 9 l5g?4 ,^! are ti$ toge!r 9 bundles1 & convey$ to ! sug>-mill2 :]e !y are bruis$ betwixt ?ree upright wood5 roll]s cov]$ ) iron4 ,! juice1 :i* fl[s f !m1 is conduct$1 by canals1 into a l>ge vessel =m$ = receiv+ x4 ,! quantity ( juice prep>$ by "s ( ^! mills is upw>ds ( t5 ?\s& gallons 9 a day4 ,! next op]ation is call$ cl>ify+4 ,= ?is purpose ! juice is conduct$1 along a wood5 gutt] l9$ ) lead1 to a place call$ ! boil+ h\se1 :]e x is receiv$ into copp] pans1 or caldrons1 ea* plac$ ov] a sep>ate fire4 ,a c]ta9 proportion ( p[d]$ lime is n[ add$ to x1 = ! purpose ( tak+ up any acid :i* ! juice may happ5 to conta94 ,! heat is !n increas$ until ! liquor is ne>ly 9 a boil+ /ate4 ,by ?is process ! greate/ "p ( ! impurities t 7 conta9$ 9 ! juice rise to ! surface 9 a scum4 ,! purifi$ liquor is !n c>efully drawn (f1 ei!r by a syphon or a cock1 leav+ ! scum at ! bottom ( ! pan4 ,f ^! pans x is convey$1 by ano!r gutt]1 or *annel1 to ! gr& copp]1 or evaporat+ boil]1 :]e ! scum1 :i* rises to ! surface1 is skimm$ (f z ! liquor boils4 ,aft] und]go+ a simil> process 9 small] boil]s1 ) a f>!r mixture ( lime1 until x has atta9$ a c]ta9 degree ( ?ickness1 x is transf]r$ into a l>ge %all[ wood5 vessel1 :]e1 z x cools1 x granulates or runs into an imp]fect cry/allization1 by :i* x is 9 "s degree sep>at$ f ! molasses or treacle1 an impure "p ( ! juice1 :i* is incapable ( be+ cry/alliz$1 & :i*1 9 l>ge casks1 is export$1 = v>i\s useful purposes1 to ! diff]5t c\ntries ( ,europe4 ,f ! cool] ! sug> is remov$ to ! cur+-h\se4 ,?is is a l>ge1 airy build+1 furni%$ ) a capaci\s ci/]n1 = ! reception ( ! molasses4 ,ov] ! ci/]n is an op5 frame ( /rong joi/-"w2 ^u :i* are plac$ sev]al empty hog%eads1 ea* op5 at ! head1 & hav+ a few holes at ! bottom1 clos$ by /alks ( ! planta9 tree ?ru/ ?r\gh !m4 ,! mass ( sac*>9e matt] is n[ put into ^! hog%eads2 ! molasses are sep>at$ f ! sug>1 by dra9+1 into ! ci/]n1 ?r\gh ! spongy /alks ( ! planta92 & ! rema9d]1 ?us entirely cry/alliz$1 has ! "n ( muscovado or raw sug>4 ,! article d5om9at$ clay$ sug> und]goes a process some:at diff]5t4 ,= ! prep>ation ( ?is1 ! sug>1 :5 tak5 f ! cool]s1 is put into conical vessels ( e>!n-w>e1 ea* hav+1 at its bottom1 a hole1 ab\t half an in* 9 diamet]1 :i*1 at ! comm5cem5t ( ! process1 is /opp$ ) a plug4 ,?is plug1 aft] ! sug> has become p]fectly cool1 is remov$1 & ! molasses dra9 ?r\gh ! hole4 ,:5 ^! h ceas$ to run1 ! surface ( ! sug>1 9 ! vessel1 is cov]$ ) f9e clay1 to a c]ta9 ?ickness1 & wat] is p\r$ ^u ! clay4 ,?is1 ooz+ ?r\gh x1 p]vades ! :ole mass ( sug>1 re-dissolves ! molasses /ill rema9+ 9 x1 ) "s p>ts ( ! sug> itself1 c>ries ^! (f ?r\gh ! hole at ! bottom1 & r5d]s ! sug>1 t is left1 mu* pur] ?an t :i* is made ! o!r way4 ,! fur!r ref9+ ( sug>1 or =m+ x into ! :ite conical loaves :i* are s mu* us$ 9 ?is c\ntry1 is ! bus9ess ( ! ,european sug>-bak]s4 ,?is is done by dissolv+ ! raw sug> 9 wat]1 boil+ ! solution 9 lime wat]2 & !n cl>ify+ x ) bullock's blood1 or ! :ite ( eggs1 & /ra9+ x ?r\gh wooll5 bags4 ,aft] due evaporation x is suff]$ to cool to a c]ta9 degree4 ,x is !n p\r$ into conical m\lds ( unglaz$ e>!n-w>e1 ! summits ( :i* are p]=at$4 ,"h x concretes into a h>d :ite mass1 leav+ t "p ( ! syrup1 :i* w n cry/allize1 to run (f ?r\gh ! hole 9 ! po9t ( ! cone4 ,! broad end ( ! cone is !n cov]$ ) moi/ clay1 ! wat] f :i* p5etrates into ! sug>1 & displaces & c>ries (f ! impurities :i*1 o!rwise1 w\ld be reta9$ 9 & discol\r x4 ,x is !n c>efully dri$1 & receives ! "n ( loaf1 or lump sug>4 ,sug>-c&y is =m$ by boil+ d[n a solution ( sug> till x becomes ?ick2 & !n remov+ x into a v hot room1 to cry/allize ^u /icks or /r+s1 plac$ across small tubs1 or o!r vessels4 ,x is d5om9at$ br[n or :ite sug>-c&y1 accord+ to ! quality ( ! sug> ( :i* x is made4 ,b>ley sug> is sug> boil$ 9 b>ley wat]1 b n[ m frequ5tly 9 common wat]1 till x is brittle4 ,x is !n roll$ on a /one ano9t$ ) oil ( sweet almonds1 & =m$ into twi/$ /icks4 ,to give x a col\r1 a small quantity ( saffron is sometimes mix$ ) x4 ,:5 sug> 0 fir/ introduc$ into ?is c\ntry1 x 0 employ$ only z a m$ic9e2 b x has n[ become an ess5tial article bo? ( luxury & use4 ,x is ! basis ( syrups2 & is us$ 9 cook+1 & 9 confections1 pres]ves1 sweetmeats1 & liqueurs ( e description4 ,sug> is also sometimes employ$ 9 m$ic9e4 ,! juice ( ! sug>-cane is s palatable1 & at ! same "t s nutritive1 t1 dur+ ! sug> h>ve/1 e creature :i* p>takes freely ( x1 :e!r man or animal1 appe>s to d]ive heal? & vig\r f its use4 ,! meagre & sickly negroes exhibit1 at ?is season1 a surpris+ alt]ation2 !y n[ become fat & heal?y4 ,! lab\r+ horses1 ox51 & mules1 be+ all[$1 almo/ )\t re/ra9t1 to eat ( ! refuse plants1 & ( ! scumm+s f ! boil+-h\se1 improve n[ inf9itely m ?an !y d at any o!r season ( ! ye>4 ,rum is a spiritu\s liquor di/ill$ f molasses1 scumm+s ( ! hot cane juice f ! boil+ h\se1 or raw cane liquor f canes express$ = t purpose1 lees 7or1 z x is call$ 9 ,jamaica1 dund]71 & wat]4 ,! dund] answ]s ! purpose ( yea/ = ! f]m5tation4 ,sug>-canes1 z l>ge & juicy z ^? ( ! ,we/ ,indies1 are cultivat$ 9 sev]al p>ts ( ,spa91 b p>ticul>ly 9 ! c\ntry betwixt ,malaga & ,gibralt>4 ,!y 7 orig9ally introduc$1 by ! ,moors1 sev]al c5turies ago2 & ! sug> made f !m is ( excell5t quality4 ,!re are sug> mills1 9 m ?an twelve diff]5t places1 on ! coa/ ( ,gr5ada1 all ( :i* are fully employ$3 9 "o village !re are f\r1 :i* co/ at lea/ #e1jjjl4 /]l+ ea*4 #bh4 ,,oats are ! se$s or gra9 ( an annual plant 7,av5a sativa1 ,fig4 #ad71 too well kn[n1 & too mu* cultivat$ ?r\gh\t e "p ( ,europe1 to ne$ any description4 ,! c\ntry f :i* !y 7 orig9ally import$ is n kn[n4 ,! pr9cipal use ( oats 9 ?is c\ntry is = ! fe$+ ( horses4 ,9 ! nor!rn p>ts ( ,engl&1 & 9 ,scotl&1 !y are appli$ also to ! nutrim5t ( man4 ,:5 simply fre$ f _! husks !y are call$ groats or grits2 &1 9 ?is /ate1 are mu* us$ 9 bro?s1 & o!r k9ds ( nutrim5t = sick & infirm p]sons4 ,m frequ5tly1 h[ev]1 !y are gr\nd into oatmeal1 :i* is made into cakes1 biscuits1 c4 ,! husks1 infus$ 9 wat]1 & all[$ to rema9 till ! wat] becomes some:at acid1 are boil$ to a jelly call$ s[9s4 ,a grateful & nutritive k9d ( jelly1 :i* has ! "n ( flumm]y1 is also made ( oatmeal1 boil$ ) wat]1 & flav\r$ ) a little orange-fl[] wat]1 & sug>4 ,oats w ?rive 9 almo/ any soil1 b !y are *iefly productive on l& t has be5 newly brok5 up4 ,!y are usually s[n 9 ,febru>y or ,m>*1 & ! h>ve/ comm5ces ab\t ,augu/4 ,sev]al k9ds or v>ieties are cultivat$ 9 diff]5t p>ts ( ,engl&1 su* z :ite oats1 black oats1 br[n or r$ oats1 ,t>t>ian or re$ oats1 ,friezel& oats1 ,pol& oats1 & "s o!rs1 b1 ( ^!1 ! fir/ are consid]$ ! mo/ valuable4 #bi4 ,,:eat is a well kn[n k9d ( corn 7,triticum hyb]num1 ,fig4 #ac7 :i* is cultivat$ 9 mo/ ( ! civiliz$ c\ntries ( ! _w1 & is suppos$ to h be5 orig9ally introduc$ into ,europe1 f "s "p ( ,asia4 ,no gra9 is s valuable to ! inhabitants ( ne>ly all climates z ?is2 &1 by a wond]ful ord9ation ( ,provid5ce1 x is r5d]$ capable ( su/a9+1 )\t injury1 almo/ ! two extremes ( heat & cold4 ,n only does x rip5 9 ,egypt & ,b>b>y1 b x rip5s equally well 9 ,scotl&1 ,d5m>k1 & ,sw$54 ,x con/itutes ! *ief food ( ! ,briti% nation2 & its abundance or sc>city regulates1 9 a great degree1 ! welf>e & prosp]ity ( ! inhabitants4 ,! :ole annual consumption ( gra91 9 ?is isl&1 am\nts to ne>ly #be1jjj1jjj qu>t]s2 & 9 ,london alone1 to m ?an #a1afb1ajj qu>t]s4 ,( ?is by f> ! greate/ proportion is :eat4 ,= ! cultivation ( ?is important gra9 ! be/ l&s are ri* clays & heavy loam2 &1 al?\gh light soils w produce :eat ( excell5t quality1 yet ! crops on ! o!r soils are by f> ! mo/ abundant4 ,! be/ season = committ+ ! se$ to ! gr\nd is ,septemb]1 & ! e>li] 9 ! mon? ! bett]4 ,"s f>m]s consid] x necess>y to /eep ! se$ 9 br9e or o!r pickle be=e x is us$1 to prev5t x f be+ dev\r$ by v]m91 & r5d] ! corn less liable to disease ?an x w\ld be )\t ?is process4 ,9 a good season ! :eat h>ve/ comm5ces 9 ,augu/1 & is f9i%$ 9 ! c\rse ( ! ensu+ mon?4 ,?is species ( corn is usually cut ) in/rum5ts call$ reap+-hooks1 b 9 "s p>ts x is m[n ) scy!s4 ,! diff]5t k9ds or v>ieties ( :eat t are cultivat$ 9 ?is c\ntry are too num]\s to be p>ticul>iz$4 ,:eat is liable to injury1 n only f ! attack ( insects1 b f sev]al k9ds ( disease1 ! pr9cipal ( :i* are blight1 mildew1 & smut4 ,9 ! =m] ! fibres & leaves ( ! plants are contract$ & enfeebl$1 & ! gra9 is ultimately depriv$ ( suffici5t n\ri%m5t3 by mildew ! /raw & e> are affect$3 & by smut ! gra9s1 in/ead ( conta9+ _! prop] sub/ance1 become fill$ ) a black or d>k br[n p[d]4 ,:eat fl\r consi/s ( f\r di/9ct pr9ciples1 glut51 />*1 album51 & a sweet k9d ( mucilage4 ,& x is a rem>kable circum/ance1 t ! glut51 if n simil>1 has a v ne> alliance to animal sub/ances4 ,to enum]ate ! v>i\s ways 9 :i* prep>ations f :eat s]ve = nutrim5t w\ld be unnecess>y1 z !y are kn[n to e "o4 ,/>* is a sub/ance frequ5tly prep>$ f :eat1 & is obta9$ by ! foll[+ process4 ,! :eat is put into tubs ( wat]1 & expos$1 = "s days1 to ! heat ( ! sun1 9 ord] to br+ on a prop] degree ( f]m5tation1 ! wat] be+ *ang$ twice a day4 ,hav+ n[ become suffici5tly s(t1 x is p\r$ into l>ge canvass bags1 :i* are work$ or beat51 on a bo>d ov] an empty vessel1 to extract ! f>9ace\s p>ticles4 ,fre% wat] is put to x1 & aft] be+ consid]ably agitat$1 x is all[$ to subside4 ,z ! s$im5t increases1 ! wat] is gradually dra9$ (f1 &1 at l5g?1 ! />* is =m$ into small pieces1 & dri$ = use4 ,dur+ ! late w>1 :5 ! int]c\rse betwixt ,france & ! ,we/ ,indian isl&s 0 entirely cut (f1 sev]al attempts 7 made 9 t c\ntry to obta9 sug> f />*4 ,! process 0 a long & intricate "o2 & ! success ) :i* x 0 att5d$ 0 n su* z to r5d] x ei!r practically or p]man5tly useful4 ,bran is ! husk ( :eat1 sep>at$ 9 gr9d+4 ,infusions ( bran are1 n unfrequ5tly1 employ$ bo? ext]nally & int]nally 9 m$ic9e4 ,!y are also sometimes us$ to cleanse ! h&s in/ead ( soap4 ,&1 9 times ( sc>city1 bran has be5 advantage\sly employ$ 9 ! mak+ ( h\sehold bread4 ,:eat /raw1 :5 *opp$ or cut small1 =ms a :olesome prov5d] = horses & ox51 especially :5 mix$ ) gre5 food4 ,x is also us$ z litt] = horses1 & is employ$ z ?at* = cottages1 h\ses1 & b>ns4 ,:5 cut into c]ta9 l5g?s1 blea*$ by means ( sulphur1 & split1 x is plait$1 & =m$ into hats & bonnets4 ,a nutritive sub/ance call$ ,semol9a is =m$ f :eat fl\r1 granulat$ by a p>ticul> process4 ,a pat5t 0 grant$ 9 ! ye> #aghj to ,mr4 ,jacob ,levy1 = a me?od ( mak+ x4 ,previ\sly to ?is1 semol9a _h be5 import$ f ,pol&1 "u ! "n ( ,crac[ groats4 ,x con/itutes a light & :olesome food = invalids1 be+ consid]$1 9 ?is respect1 pref]able to sago2 x may also be made into excell5t pudd+s4 ,mac>oni is a prep>ation f ! f9e/ :eat fl\r1 mix$ ) eggs1 or o!r glut9\s sub/ance4 ,x is *iefly import$ f ,italy1 ,sicily1 & ,g]many4 ,its "n implies cut pa/e1 & x is eat5 9 v>i\s ways2 on ! cont95t ) milk1 & ) u 9 s\ps & pudd+s1 or s]v$ up 9 a di% ) grat$ *eese1 milk1 & o!r +r$i5ts4 ,v]micelli is made by a mixture ( fl\r1 *eese1 ! yolks ( eggs1 sug> & saffron4 ,?is1 be+ r$uc$ to a prop] consi/5cy1 is =m$ into long sl5d] pieces or ?reads1 l worms1 by be+ =c$1 ) a pi/on1 ?r\gh a numb] ( little holes1 9 ! end ( a pipe made = ! purpose4 ,v]micelli 0 fir/ br\ght f ,italy1 & x is *iefly us$ 9 s\ps & o!r cul9>y prep>ations4 #cj4 ,,b>ley is a well kn[n k9d ( corn 7,hordeum di/i*on1 ,fig4 #ae47 :i* gr[s wild 9 ! isl& ( ,sicily1 & "s o!r p>ts ( ! s\? ( ,europe4 ,next to :eat1 ?is is1 9 ,europe1 ! mo/ valuable ( all ! species ( gra91 especially = gr[? on light & %>p soils4 ,! se$-"t = b>ley usually comm5ces ab\t ! end ( ,m>* or ! beg9n+ ( ,april1 & sometimes la/s until ! fir/ week 9 ,june2 &1 = ! produce1 f\r qu>t]s p] acre are consid]$ a fair av]age crop1 & eight qu>t]s a v extraord9>y "o4 ,few in/ances ( fecundity 9 corn are m rem>kable ?an :at has be5 relat$ ( two gra9s ( ,,six-,,r[$ ,,b>ley 7,hordeum hexa/i*on7 :i* 7 plant$ 9 a g>d53 !y produc$ #aac /alks1 ne>ly all ( :i* yield$ e>s2 & ^! conta9$1 9 ! :ole1 m ?an #b1ejj gra9s4 ,! pr9cipal use to :i* b>ley is appli$ 9 ?is c\ntry is = ! mak+ ( malt1 f :i* be] & ale are brew$4 ,= ?is purpose x is fir/ /eep$ 9 wat] = ?ree or f\r days4 ,x is !n tak5 out1 & suff]$ to lie1 until x beg9s to spr\t or g]m9ate4 ,z soon z ! g]m9ation has approa*$ a c]ta9 /ate its fur!r progress is prev5t$ by dry+ ! b>ley 9 a kiln1 heat$ ) coke1 *>coal1 or /raw4 ,! gra9 has n[ become mell[ & sweet2 &1 aft] hav+ be5 cru%$ 9 a k9d ( mill contriv$ = ! purpose1 its sac*>9e qualities are easily extract$ by ! boil+ wat]1 9 brew+4 ,! liquor t is ?us produc$ has ! "n ( wort2 & ?is1 aft] hav+ und]gone ! process ( f]m5tation1 & hav+ receiv$ a bitt] flav\r by a mixture ( hops1 becomes ale or be]4 ,h5ce has orig9at$ ! g5]al appellation ( malt liquor4 ,:at rema9s ( ! malt aft] brew+ is call$ gra9s4 ,^!1 9 ,london1 are employ$ = ! fe$+ ( horses1 c[s1 & sw9e4 ,besides ! use ( b>ley 9 brew+1 !re is 9 "s c\ntries1 especially 9 ,scotl& & ,g]many1 a great consumption ( ?is gra91 = bro?s1 s\ps1 & o!r food4 ,= ?is purpose x is fre$ f its husks & =m$ into r\nd granules1 ab\t ! size ( small %ot1 & ( a pe>ly :it5ess1 :i* !nce h ! "n ( pe>l-b>ley4 ,all except ! he>t or be/ "p ( ! gra9 is ?us tak5 away4 ,! b>ley1 9 ?is /ate1 :5 boil$1 =ms a nutritive food2 & a decoction ( x1 prop]ly flav\r$ ) acid1 is said to be "o ( ! be/ bev]ages t c be adopt$ 9 acute diseases4 ,! mak+ ( pe>l b>ley is a ,g]man inv5tion4 ,9 ,scotl& ! l[] classes make x by means ( h&-mills2 & _m p]sons are satisfi$ ) m]ely ridd+ ! gra9 ( its husks by /amp+ x 9 mort>s4 ,b>ley-meal is occasionally made into bread by ! poor2 & x is likewise us$ = ! fatt5+ ( p\ltry & sw9e4 ,f b>ley-/raw a yell[i% col\r$ pap] has be5 manufactur$2 ! mak+ ( :i* 01 "s ye>s ago1 attempt$ 9 ?is c\ntry ^u a l>ge scale1 b )\t success4 #ca4 ,,rye 7,secale c]eale1 ,fig4 #af47 is a k9d ( gra9 suppos$ to h be5 fir/ introduc$ into ! nor!rn p>ts ( ,europe f ! isl& ( ,crete4 ,z bread corn1 sometimes alone1 b m commonly mix$ ) :eat1 rye 0 =m]ly 9 great reque/1 p>ticul>ly 9 ! nor!rn c\nties ( ,engl&4 ,?is mixture1 :i* is d5om9at$ bl5d-corn1 or masl91 is at pres5t p>tially us$1 9 c]ta9 di/ricts1 n only f motives ( economy1 b also because ! rye is suppos$ to r5d] ! bread m moi/ & palatable ?an x w\ld o!rwise be4 ,9 "s "p ( ! c\ntry1 rye is mu* us$ by g+]-bread bak]s1 = ! d>k col\r ( its fl\r is n p]ceptible1 :5 mix$ ) treacle4 ,?is species ( gra9 is frequ5tly us$ = ! di/illation ( spirits4 ,x has be5 rem>k$1 9 "s di/ricts ( ,france1 t rye1 f bad seasons1 or f o!r causes1 has prov$ noxi\s & ev5 poison\s4 ,! gra9s ( ! corn1 ?us deg5]at$1 are black on ! outside & tol]ably :ite )92 &1 :5 dry1 are h>d] & clos] ?an good gra94 ,bread t is made ( rye :i* conta9s ev5 a great quantity ( ?is bad corn1 is n di/+ui%able by ! ta/e1 f o!r rye bread2 & x seldom produces its ill effects till "s "t aft] x has be5 eat51 x is !n said to occasion gangr5es 9 ! legs & o!r p>ts ( ! body1 & dang]\s fev]s4 ,! poor] p1 h[ev]1 are ^? *iefly :o are subject to ^! diseases1 z _m ( !m h little o!r sub/antial food to subsi/ ^u ?an bread made ( ?is species ( corn4 ,9 sev]al p>ts ( ,engl& rye is s[n ei!r by itself1 or mix$ ) t>es to be cut :il/ gre51 = ! fe$+ ( %eep1 c[s1 & horses4 ,rye /raw is us$ by brick-mak]s1 & coll>-manufactur]s2 & is consid]$ an excell5t mat]ial = ! ?at*+ ( cottages & b>ns4 #cb4 ,,grasses4--,by grasses we are to und]/& su* plants z h a r\nd1 jo9t$1 & holl[ /em1 surr\nd$ at ea* jo9t ) a s+le leaf1 long1 n>r[1 & po9t$2 & ! fl[]s ( :i* are a k9d ( *affy husk4 ,accord+ to ?is def9ition1 :eat1 b>ley1 oats1 & rye1 prop]ly belong to ! grasses1 al?\gh !y are kn[n by ! peculi> appellation ( corn or gra94#b ,to ! grasses x is t ! face ( nature is indebt$ = a great portion ( its *e]ful appe>ance1 & its beauty4 ,!y con/itute ! g5]al h]bage ( e c\ntry1 cov]+ to an imm5se ext5t ! :ole surface ( ! gr\nd4 ,!y are v v>i\s 9 _! k9ds1 ! ,briti% species alone be+ ne>ly a hundr$ & tw5ty 9 numb]4 ,to _m species ( animals _! leaves af=d an indisp5sable article ( su/5ance2 & _! se$ supply food to birds4 #cc4 ,,sweet-,,sc5t$ ,,v]nal ,,grass 7,an?oxan?um odoratum1 ,fig4 #ag74c--,?is species is usually consid]$ 7?\gh x p]haps ought n exclusively to be s7 z t to :i* ! hay fields are indebt$ = _! well-kn[n & delightful fragrance4 ,:5 p>tially dri$ x is v odor\s2 &1 if *ew$1 9 a rec5t /ate1 its /alks are highly aromatic1 ta/+ n unlike ^? ( fre% lav5d]4 ,! root has an od\r some:at resembl+ t ( musk4 ,a di/ill$ wat]1 :i* s]ves z a vehicle = "s p]fumes1 is occasionally prep>$ f ! leaves & fl[]s ( ! v]nal grass4 ,! dri$ fl[]s are employ$ 9 "s p>ts ( ! ,cont95t = imp>t+ an agreeable flav\r to snuff & tobacco4 ,! v]nal grass is n v productive1 & by "s f>m]s x is consid]$ n palatable = cattle4 ,o!rs1 h[ev]1 e/eem x an useful addition 9 _! mead[s2 &1 f its be+ g5]ally f\nd 9 great abundance on su* pa/ures z %eep are fond (1 & af=d excell5t mutton1 x is at lea/ ?\ght to be a good grass = !m4 #cd4 ,,cotton ,,grass 7,eriophorum angu/ifolium1 ,fig4 #ah74--,! se$s ( ?is grass are encompass$ ) long cottony or wool-l hairs2 & s abundant are ! plants 9 _m tracts ( m>%y l&1 p>ticul>ly 9 ! nor!rn p>ts ( ,engl&1 t ! gr\nd appe>s almo/ z if cov]$ ) sn[4 ,poor p sometimes /uff _! pill[s ) ! d[n ( ! cotton grass2 b !re is a prevail+ op9ion t x is n :olesome to sleep on4 ,?is d[n is probably too brittle to be manufactur$ by itself into ?read1 yet1 9 comb9ation ei!r ) wool or cotton1 x may be spun into a /rong & uni=m y>n1 f :i* gloves1 /ock+s1 & clo?1 9 small quantity1 h be5 made4 ,its brittl5ess has be5 mu* correct$ by a simple *emical process4 ,wicks = c&les h sometimes be5 made ( x4 #ce4 ,,bull-,,ru% 7,scirpus lacu/ris1 ,fig4 #ai74--,( ! /ems ( ?is plant ! ru% bottoms ( *airs are made4 ,be+ ( s(t & pliant texture1 totally de/itute ( r\ghness1 ! bull-ru% is also sometimes us$ = ! /uff+ ( pack saddles1 mak+ ( mats1 & ?at*+ ( cottages4 #cf4 ,,mead[ ,,fox-,,tail ,,grass 7,alopecurus prat5sis1 ,fig4 #bj7 is a v common b valuable k9d1 :i* gr[s freely 9 moi/ & f]tile pa/ures & mead[s4 ,x possesses1 9 a sup]ior degree to any o!r grass1 ! ?ree great requisites ( quantity1 quality1 & e>ly gr[?4 ,! be/ hay :i* is br\ght to ,london is said to be f mead[s :]e ?is grass ab\nds2 &1 9 _m p>ts adjac5t to ! metropolis1 x is extremely abundant4 #cg4 ,,timo?y ,,grass1 or ,,mead[ ,,cats-,,tail 7,phleum prat5se1 ,fig4 #ba71 is a grass mu* cultivat$ 9 sev]al p>ts ( ,nor? ,am]ica1 & p>ticul>ly 9 wet1 loamy gr\nds1 :]e1 ?\gh co>se & h>d1 x is f\nd extremely productive & useful4 ,su* has be5 ! celebrity ( ,timo?y grass1 t a g5tleman 7,william ,/rickl&1 ,esq47 0 reque/$ by ! ,bo>d ( ,agriculture to make inquiries conc]n+ x2 &1 f 8 rem>ks1 x appe>s t ?is grass is ! *ief support ( cattle :]ev] ! mead[s ( x ab\nd4 ,he saw extraord9>y crops ( ,timo?y grass gr[+1 z ?ickly z x c\ld /& ^u ! gr\nd1 ?ree or f\r feet high1 &1 9 "s in/ances1 z co>se z :eat /raw4 ,x is cut be=e x arrives at maturity2 & horses are said to pref] ! hay t is made ( x to e o!r k9d1 & to ?rive peculi>ly well ^u x4 ,?\gh a native & v common grass 9 our own c\ntry1 x is d\btful :e!r our climate be suffici5tly w>m to br+ x to ! same p]fection 9 :i* x is f\nd 9 ,am]ica4 ,x has1 h[ev]1 be5 cultivat$ 9 ,engl& ) consid]able success2 &1 :5 us$ = gre5 food1 = :i* x is p>ticul>ly calculat$1 x may be cut two or ?ree times 9 "o season2 b1 :5 int5d$ = hay1 x %\ld be cut at lea/ a week be=e x fl[]s4 #ch4 ,,fior91 or ,,or*e/on ,,long ,,grass 7,agro/is /olonif]a1 ,fig4 #bb71 is kn[n z a tr\blesome we$ 9 moi/ mead[s & pa/ures1 & also 9 cold & /iff arable l&1 by "n ( ,black ,squit* or ,b5t-grass4 ,x gr[s ) su* luxuriance1 ly+ ^u ! gr\nd1 & tak+ root at ! diff]5t jo9ts1 t ! /ems are sometimes sev]al feet 9 l5g?2 &1 :5 cultivat$ z a crop1 x has be5 kn[n to produce1 at two cutt+s1 betwixt sev5 & eight tons p] acre4 ,?is grass 0 fir/ br\ght into notice z a grass = hay1 by a small tract ( mead[ gr\nd1 9 :i* x 0 cultivat$ sev]al ye>s ago1 at a village call$ ,or*e/on1 9 ,wilt%ire4 ,horses1 %eep1 & cattle are said to be extremely p>tial to x1 & to pref] ! hay :i* is made f x to any o!r4 ,to be 9 p]fection1 x requires a moi/ climate1 or a wet soil2 & x w gr[ on cold clays1 t are unfitt$ = o!r grasses4 ,9 ,irel& x is call$ fior9 grass1 &1 "u ?is appellation1 x 0 fir/ introduc$ to ! public notice 9 t c\ntry1 9 ! ye> #ahaj1 by ! ,rev4 ,dr4 ,ri*>dson1 ( ,clonfecle1 9 ! c\nty ( ,antrim4 #ci4 ,! ,,mead[ ,,s(t ,,grass1 or ,,york%ire ,,:ite ,,grass 7,holcus lanatus1 ,fig4 #be71 ?\gh x vegetates late 9 ! season1 produces an abundant crop1 & fl\ri%es well 9 any moi/ situation4 ,bo? its foliage & fl[]s are s(t & woolly4 ,x is *iefly calculat$ = ! fe$+ ( %eep1 & has answ]$ extremely well1 :5 close f$4 ,! hay t is made f x is said to be v injuri\s to horses1 & x is n mu* reli%$ by cattle4 #dj4 ,,can>y ,,grass 7,phal>is ,can>i5sis1 ,fig4 #bc74--,?is grass gr[s wild 9 ,worce/]%ire1 & "s o!r p>ts ( ,engl&4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 (t5 cultivat$ = ! sake ( its se$s1 :i* are ext5sively us$ z food = small birds4 #da4 ,,purple ,,melic ,,grass 7,melica crulea1 ,fig4 #bd7 is f\nd 9 great luxuriance on ! turf moors1 ne> ,gla/onbury1 9 ,som]set%ire4 ,! p ( t neighb\rhood make ( its /alks a neat k9d ( besoms1 :i* are us$ z a *eap & tol]ably good sub/itute = hair brooms4 ,?is grass occurs 9 ! mo/ b>r51 s&y1 & boggy situations2 b1 m especially1 ab\t pools ^u m\nta9\s hea?s4 #db4 ,,re$ ,,mead[ ,,grass 7,poa aquatica1 ,fig4 #bf7 is "o ( ! mo/ useful ( ! ,briti% grasses1 p>ticul>ly if gr[n 9 wet mead[s1 or ^u ! banks ( riv]s or brooks4 ,9 ! f5ny l&s ( ,cambridge%ire & ,l9coln%ire x n only af=ds a ri* pa/urage = cattle 9 summ]1 b =ms also ! *ief "p ( _! w9t] su/5ance4 ,9 situations fav\rable to its gr[? x sometimes atta9s ! height ( five or six feet1 ,:5 cut = hay1 x is fir/ dri$1 !n b\nd up into %eaves1 & =m$ into ricks1 9 :i* x und]goes a slight f]m5tation t mu* improves x4 ,c[s & %eep are bo? p>tial to ?is grass4 ,z hay1 x is a valuable food = cattle1 & p>ticul>ly = mil* c[s4 #dc4 ,,smoo?-,,/alk$ ,,mead[ ,,grass 7,poa prat5sis1 ,fig4 #bg7 is a fav\rite grass = cattle2 & fl\ri%es ev5 on ! drie/ soils1 gr[+ wild 9 mead[s1 on dry banks1 & ev5 on walls4 ,9 ri* mead[s ( ,som]set%ire x =ms a consid]able "p ( ! h]bage2 &1 9 ^? t h be5 flood$ dur+ ! w9t]1 x fl\ri%es ) su* luxuriance z ne>ly to exclude e o!r grass4 ,not)/&+ ?is1 x possesses ! valuable prop]ty ( resi/+ excessive dr\ght1 & is frequ5tly gre5 9 high gravelly pa/ures1 aft] almo/ e o!r grass has be5 )]$4 ,x fl[]s e>ly1 & makes an extremely valuable hay4 #dd4 ,,annual ,,mead[ ,,grass 7,poa annua1 ,fig4 #bh74--,no grass is m common ?an ?is1 & none makes a f9] turf4 ,x occurs 9 almo/ e situation1 by ! sides ( roads1 on op5 & ext5sive commons2 & 9 _m p>ts ( ,engl& !re are :ole mead[s ( x1 )\t any mixture ( o!r grasses4 ,9 ^? di/ricts ( ,suffolk :i* produce ! be/ butt]1 ! annual mead[ grass is f\nd 9 great abundance4 ,x is a rem>kable circum/ance respect+ ?is grass1 t x does n suff] injury1 b t1 on ! contr>y1 x is improv$ by p]sons frequ5tly walk+ ov] x4 ,mr4 ,/ill+fleet /ates t1 on ! hill ne> ,malv]n1 9 ,worce/]%ire1 a walk :i* _h be5 made = ! conv5i5ce ( ! wat] dr9k]s1 01 9 less ?an a ye>1 ne>ly cov]$ ) x1 ?\gh no plant ( x c\ld be f\nd ab\t any "p ( ! hill4 ,?is 0 attribut$1 9 a great measure1 to ! con/ant tread+ ^u x1 by p]sons pass+ to & f ! well4 #de4 ,,cre/$ ,,dog',s-,,tail ,,grass 7,cynosurus cri/atus1 ,fig4 #bi7 is extremely common 9 mead[s & pa/ures1 & con/itutes a pr9cipal "p ( ! turf1 on high gravelly or *alky soils1 9 p>ks1 lawns1 & %eep walks3 &1 f ! close & ?ick turf :i* x makes1 x af=ds good n\ri%m5t to cattle & de]4 ,p>ks t are fam\s = excell5t v5ison conta9 a great proportion ( ?is grass4 ,9 ! summ] "t its se$s af=d su/5ance to pigeons & small birds4 #df4 ,,%eep',s ,,fescue ,,grass 7,fe/uca ov9a1 ,fig4 #cb7 has great celebrity z food = horses & cattle1 &1 9 p>ticul>1 = %eep1 :i* are said to pref] x to all o!r grasses1 & to become fat ^u x soon] ?an ^u any o!r4 ,?\gh ( %ort gr[?1 its leaves are num]\s & succul5t4 ,! ,t>t>s are said g5]ally to fix _! habitations1 dur+ ! summ]1 9 places :]e !re is ! greate/ pl5ty ( ?is grass1 f its yield+ an abundant supply ( excell5t food = _! cattle4 ,& x has be5 rem>k$ t ! sepul*ral monum5ts ( ! anci5t ,t>t>s are *iefly obs]v$ 9 situations :]e ,%eep's ,fescue ,grass ab\nds2 ?is has be5 consid]$ a te/ ( ! great value :i* t p set ^u x4 #dg4 ,,h>d ,,fescue ,,grass 7,fe/uca duruscula1 ,fig4 #cj7 is common 9 pa/ures1 mead[s1 & wa/e gr\nds4 ,x spr+s e>ly1 af=ds excell5t food = all k9ds ( cattle2 &1 9 good gr\nd1 yields a pl5tiful crop4 #dh4 ,,flote ,,fescue ,,grass 7,fe/uca fluitans1 ,fig4 #ca74--,?is plant1 :i* gr[s almo/ exclusively 9 wet dit*es1 & 9 ponds1 is s fav\rite a food ( horses & sw9e1 t !y w sometimes ev5 endang] _! lives to obta9 x4 ,a f>m]1 :o resid$ "s ye>s ago at ,ruscomb1 9 ,b]k%ire1 assur$ ,mr4 ,/ill+fleet t he _h kn[n a field ( f\r acres 7:i* 0 ne>ly always cov]$ ) wat]7 af=d suffici5t nutrim5t to ma9ta9 five f>m horses1 9 good condition1 f ,april to ! end ( h>ve/1 )\t any o!r food2 & t x yield$ ev5 m ?an !y c\ld eat4 ,! ,cott5ham & ,*$d] *eeses are said1 9 a great measure1 to d]ive _! celebrity f ! c[s fe$+ on ?is grass4 ,its se$s are small1 & are rem>kable = _! sweet flav\r & nutriti\s qualities4 ,!y are annually collect$ 9 ,pol&1 & are export$ !nce1 into ,g]many1 & o!r p>ts ( ! cont95t1 "u ! "n ( manna se$s4 ,^! are us$ 9 s\ps1 gruel1 & pudd+s1 ev5 by p]sons ( ! fir/ rank & consequ5ce4 ,:5 gr\nd into fl\r1 !y are conv]tible into bread1 :i* is little inf]ior to t made ( :eat4 ,! bran ( ^! se$s is /at$ by ,l9nu to be useful z a m$ic9e = horses t are tr\bl$ ) worms4 ,geese are fond ( ! se$s1 & well "k :]e to f9d !m4 ,x is rem>kable t ^! se$s h hi!rto be5 entirely neglect$ 9 ,engl&2 ?\gh )\t difficulty !y might be obta9$ 9 suffici5t quantity to prove b5eficial4 #di4 ,! ,,common ,,re$ 7,arundo phragmites1 ,fig4 #cc7 gr[s 9 dit*es1 ponds1 & by ! sides ( riv]s1 atta9+ ! height ( six or sev5 feet1 & fl[]+ ab\t ! mon? ( ,july4 ,re$s are frequ5tly made into scre5s or f5ces = g>d5s1 & !y are consid]$ p>ticul>ly eligible = %elt]+ t5d] plants f injury by cold1 or blight+ w9ds4 ,!y likewise make excell5t weav]s' combs2 &1 :5 nail$ across a frame ( wood-"w1 are frequ5tly employ$ z a f\ndation = pla/] floors4 ,!y are sometimes made into *air bottoms2 & into ?at* = cottages & out-build+s4 ,f ! fl[]s ( ! re$ ! c\ntry p ( ,sw$5 extract a gre5 dye1 :i* !y occasionally use = wooll5 clo?2 & we are in=m$ t1 f ! dri$ roots1 a fl\r may be made1 :i* is capable ( be+ conv]t$ into a :olesome & nutritive bread4 #ej4 ,,sea ,,matwe$ 7,arundo ar5>ia1 ,fig4 #cd7 is an useful & common plant on mo/ ( our s&y sea %ores4 ,its cultivation has1 at v>i\s times1 be5 mu* enc\rag$1 & ev5 acts ( p>liam5t h be5 pass$ = its pres]vation1 9 consequ5ce ( its spread+ roots giv+ /ability to ! loose1 bl[+ s&1 & ?us rais+ a bulw>k aga9/ ! encroa*m5ts ( ! waves4 ,! ,dut* are said to h avail$ !mselves ( ! advantage ( ^! plants 9 secur+ & r5d]+ firm sev]al p>ts ( _! coa/s1 :i* w\ld o!rwise h suff]$ mu* injury4 ,at ,newbor\gh1 a t[n on ! s\? coa/ ( ! isl& ( ,anglesea1 ! inhabitants manufacture ?is plant into mats & ropes2 & ! ,danes employ ! fibr\s roots = mak+ :isk bru%es4 ,! common p ( ,icel& collect ! se$s ( ! sea matwe$ = mak+ bread4 #ea4 ,,rye ,,grass1 or ,,ray ,,grass 7,lolium p]5ne1 ,fig4 #ce71 has1 ( late ye>s1 be5 cultivat$ 9 "s c\ntries1 to consid]able ext5t1 z fodd] = cattle4 ,its agricultural m]its 7 fir/ discov]$ 9 ,norfolk1 &1 !nce1 ! se$s h be5 di/ribut$ ?r\gh ! great] "p ( ! k+dom2 ^? :o pur*ase !m little suspect+ t ! plant 0 a we$ 9 _! own fields4 ,9 dry pa/ures1 & by road sides1 ?is k9d ( grass is extremely common4 ,:5 s[n 9 high or s&y l&s1 ei!r alone or mix$ ) clov]1 x yields an e>li] crop ?an mo/ o!r grasses2 & ?us af=ds food at a season :5 x is sometimes difficult o!rwise to be obta9$4 ,! ray grass t gr[s wild is /at$ to be mu* sup]ior to t :i* is obta9$ by cultivation2 & we are in=m$ t1 if s[n 9 a ri* & f]tile soil1 x w dw9dle 9 a few ye>s to a poor & insignificant grass4 #eb4 ,,c\*1 or ,,squit* ,,grass 7,triticum rep5s1 ,fig #cf71 is1 9 g5]al1 consid]$ a tr\blesome & p]nici\s we$4 ,! roots /rike s deeply into ! gr\nd1 & ext5d s widely1 t ! eradicat+ ( !m is frequ5tly att5d$ ) difficulty4 ,z ! plant lies ^u ! gr\nd x /rikes out fibres f e jo9t2 & s luxuriant is x sometimes se51 t a s+le jo9t1 :5 transplant$1 has1 9 ! c\rse ( twelve mon?s1 cov]$ a squ>e y>d ( l&4 ,! roots ( c\* grass are collect$ 9 l>ge quantities at ,naples1 & sold 9 ! m>ket z food = horses4 ,!y h a sweeti% ta/e1 some:at resembl+ t ( liquorice2 &1 9 times ( sc>city1 :5 dri$ & gr\nd into meal1 !y h be5 conv]t$ into bread4 ,a decoction ( ! roots is sometimes us$ 9 m$ic9e4 ---- ,,class ,,iv4--,,tetr&ria4 ---- ,,monogynia4 #ec4 ,,teasel 7,dipsacus fullonem7 is a plant1 ) a some:at egg-%ap$ head ( fl[]s1 & h>d reflect$ scales1 :i* is cultivat$ 9 sev]al p>ts ( ,engl&1 to be us$ 9 ! c>d+ ( wooll5 clo?4 ,! ,full]s ,teasel is di/+ui%$ f o!r plants ( ! same tribe by hav+ its leaves connect$ at ! base1 ! fl[] scales hook$1 & ! g5]al calyx reflect$ or b5t back4 ,! se$s ( ?is plant are usually s[n 9 /rong ri* l&1 ab\t ! comm5cem5t ( spr+4 ,! fl[]s appe> 9 ,july1 & ! blossoms beg9 to decay 9 ! foll[+ mon?4 ,%ortly aft] ?is ! heads are cut (f1 & expos$ daily to ! sun until !y are p]fectly dri$4 ,9 ! clo?+ c\nties ( ,engl& ! full]'s teasel is an article ( consid]able importance4 ,! crook$ scales accompany+ ! fl[]s are s h>d & r\gh t ! heads are employ$ = rais+ ! nap ( wooll5 clo?s4 ,= ?is purpose !y are ei!r set into flat bo>ds l c>ds1 or are fix$ r\nd ! circumf]5ce ( a l>ge & broad :eel4 ,! =m] are us$ ) ! h&2 & ! latt] is turn$ r\nd :il/ ! clo? is held aga9/ x4 #ed4 ,,madd] 7,rubia t9ctorum7 is a r\gh1 trail+ plant1 t gr[s wild 9 sev]al p>ts ( ! ,s\? ( ,europe1 & is mu* cultivat$ 9 ,engl& & ,holl& on acc\nt ( its roots1 :i* are us$ by dy]s & calico-pr9t]s4 ,! l& be/ adapt$ = ! cultivation ( madd] is a s(t1 s&y loam4 ,:5 ! roots h atta9$ suffici5t gr[?1 !y are tak5 up1 c>efully peel$1 & dri$ 9 an airy %$4 ,aft] ?is !y are convey$ to a kiln1 :]e !y und]go a k9d ( managem5t some:at simil> to t adopt$ 9 ! dry+ ( hops 7#bfj74 ,! next process is to pulv]ize !m1 :i* is done by p\nd+ or gr9d+2 a secret t 0 long exclusively possess$ by ! ,dut*4 ,madd] is ext5sively us$ 9 dye+1 n only on acc\nt ( its yield+ a f9e r$ col\r1 b also z =m+ a fir/ t9t = sev]al o!r %ades4 ,! madd] us$ = dye+ cottons 9 ! ,ea/ ,indies1 is1 9 "s respects1 diff]5t f t cultivat$ 9 ,europe4 ,&1 9 ! neighb\rhood ( ,smyrna1 & 9 ! isl& ( ,cyprus1 a k9d ( madd] is gr[n :i* af=ds a peculi>ly bright & beautiful col\r4 ,?is root is sometimes employ$ 9 m$ic9e1 9 ob/ructions ( ! b[els1 rickets1 & a few o!r compla9ts4 ,x t+es wat] a dull r$ col\r1 & _s ( w9e a deep bright r$4 ,:5 eat5 by animals1 x /a9s ev5 _! mo/ solid bones4 ,c[s are rem>kably fond ( ! madd] plant2 & :5 !y freely eat ( x _! milk becomes r$1 yet ! cream :i* x af=ds makes a yell[ butt]1 #ee4 ,,s&al ,,wood1 or ,,yell[ ,,saund]s1 is a yell[i%1 odorif]\s wood1 :i* is import$ f ! ,ea/ ,indies 9 logs or %ort pieces1 *iefly z a p]fume1 or = ! manufacture ( ornam5tal articles4 ,! tree t produces x 7,santalum album7 gr[s pr9cipally on ! coa/ ( ,malab>1 & 9 ! isl& ( ,timor4 ,x has some:at ! appe>ance ( a l>ge myrtle1 ) /iff bran*es1 & smoo?1 %9+1 spe>-%ap$ leaves1 ea* ab\t two in*es long4 ,! fl[]s gr[ 9 clu/]s1 small & r$1 & are succe$$ by b]ries ab\t ! size ( peas4 ,:5 ! s&al wood trees are cut d[n !y are /ripp$ ( _! b>k2 aft] :i* ! wood is usually *opp$ into billets or small pieces1 & buri$ 9 a dry place = ab\t two mon?s4 ,dur+ ?is "t ! ants eat ! out] "p ( x1 )\t p5etrat+ to ! he>t1 :i* is ! s&al4 ,! billets are !n tak5 up1 smoo!d1 & sort$2 & ! deep] ! col\r ! high] is f\nd ! p]fume4 ,9 ,*9a ?is elegant wood1 :5 cut into l>ge planks1 is sometimes made into c(f9s = ! pr9cipal p]sons2 & su* c(f9s are said to resi/ ! effects ( air & moi/ure = _m ye>s4 ,! ,*9ese also r$uce ! wood to p[d]1 &1 ) ! addition ( wat]1 conv]t x into a pa/e1 :i* !y apply to _! bodies1 _! furniture1 & ab\t _! h\ses1 z a p]fume4 ,! p[d] ( s&al wood is likewise employ$ z an inc5se 9 _! idolatr\s temples4 ,h5ce x is t a consid]able trade 9 ?is wood exi/s betwe5 ! ,ea/ ,indies & ,*9a4 ,besides ! logs1 ! *ips & cutt+s ( ! roots ( s&al wood are an article ( comm]ce4 ,f ^! *ips1 & f ! wa/e wood1 an odorif]\s oil is sometimes prep>$1 :i* is consid]$ ne>ly equal 9 fragrance to oil ( roses4 ,s&al wood is at pres5t seldom us$ 9 m$ic9e2 ?\gh1 f its p[]ful qualities1 x might probably be appli$ to _m m$ic9al purposes ) success4 ,x has a bitt]i% aromatic ta/e1 accompani$ by a degree ( pung5cy :i* is by no means unpleasant1 ,,tetragynia4 #ef4 ,,holly 7,ilex aquifolium7 is a small ev]gre5 tree1 ) %9+1 irregul>1 & sp9\s leaves1 & :ite fl[]s :i* gr[ 9 clu/]s r\nd ! bran*es1 & are succe$$ by small r$ b]ries4 ,9 ^? p>ts ( ! c\ntry :]e hollies are v abundant !y af=d a *e]fulness to ! sc5]y 9 w9t] :i* is extremely pleas+4 ,x is on ?is acc\nt pr9cipally t !y are plant$ 9 g>d5s & %rubb]ies4 ,! b>b>\s ta/e ( our ance/ors 0 su* t !y frequ5tly clipp$ !m into ! %ape ( birds1 quadrup$s1 & o!r fanta/ic repres5tations ( nature4 ,z a f5ce1 holly is em95tly s]viceable4 ,:5 =m$ into h$ges1 x admits ( be+ cropp$1 & reta9s its v]dure & beauty1 )\t injury1 ev5 ?r\gh ! sev]e/ w9t]s4 ,its gr[? is sl[1 & its duration long] ?an t ( mo/ o!r trees4 ,! wood1 :i* is h>d & close-gra9$1 is mu* us$ 9 v5e]+1 & is frequ5tly /a9$ black1 to imitate ebony4 ,x is likewise advantage\sly us$ 9 mak+ h&les = knives1 cogs = mill-:eels1 & o!r articles4 ,! leaves 9 w9t] af=d a grateful food to %eep & de]2 & ! b]ries yield a subsi/5ce1 dur+ ?is inclem5t season1 to ! fea!r$ tribes4 ,9 "s places1 p>ticul>ly 9 ! isl& ( ,corsica1 ! inhabitants employ ! se$s ( holly = mak+ a bev]age some:at simil>1 b mu* inf]ior1 to c(fee4 ,! b>k ( ! holly is smoo?1 & replete ) a /rong mucilag9\s sub/ance1 f :i* ! article call$ bird-lime is made4 ,= ?is purpose x is boil$ t5 or twelve h\rs2 &1 :5 ! gre5 r9d is sep>at$1 x is cov]$ up 9 a moi/ place1 to /& = a =tnight4 ,x is aft]w>ds r$uc$ to a t\gh pa/e1 & wa%$ 9 a runn+ /ream until no impurities are left4 ,! next "p ( ! process is to suff] x to f]m5t = f\r or five days2 aft] :i* x is mix$1 ov] ! fire1 ) a ?ird "p ( nut-oil 7#bda71 or "s o!r oily fluid1 & is ?us r5d]$ fit = use4 ,bird-lime has a rem>kably adhesive quality1 p>ticul>ly to fea!rs & o!r dry sub/ances4 ,x is1 on ?is acc\nt1 employ$ = ! sme>+ ( twigs to ensn>e birds4 ,9 its ela/icity & inflammable nature x has mu* resemblance to ,indian rubb]2 &1 if any means c\ld be adopt$ to h>d5 x1 !re is little d\bt b x might be sub/itut$ = t article4 ,holly des]ves to be mu* m ext5sively cultivat$ ?an x is4 ,"s ye>s ago a p]son :o pur*as$ a holly wood 9 ,york%ire1 sold ! bird-lime prep>$ f ! b>k to a ,dut* m]*ant1 = ne>ly ! :ole sum ( 8 orig9al pur*ase4 ,among ! anci5t ,romans x 0 cu/om>y to s5d bran*es ( holly1 to _! fri5ds1 ) new ye>s' gifts1 z emblematical ( good wi%es4 ,we decorate our h\ses & *ur*es ) x at ,*ri/mas1 to give1 z x has be5 obs]v$1 an air ( spr+ 9 ! dep? ( w9t]4 ---- ,,class ,v4--,,p5t&ria4 ---- ,,monogynia4 #eg4 ,,alkanet is a dye+ drug1 ! b>k ( a root :i* produces a r\gh plant 7,an*usa t9ctoria71 ) d[ny & spe>-%ap$ leaves1 & clu/]s ( small purple or r$di% fl[]s1 ! /am5s ( :i* are %ort] ?an ! corolla4 ,?\gh ?is plant is sometimes cultivat$ 9 ,engl&1 by f> ! great] portion ( ! alkanet :i* we use is import$ ei!r f ! ,levant1 or f ! neighb\rhood ( ,montpeli] 9 ,france4 ,alkanet imp>ts a f9e deep r$ col\r to all unctu\s sub/ances1 & to spirits ( w9e2 b x t+es wat] ) a dull1 br[ni% hue4 ,its *ief use is = ! col\r+ ( oils1 pla/]s1 lip-salve1 & o!r simil> articles4 ,x is likewise employ$ 9 compositions = rubb+1 & giv+ col\r to mahogany furniture4 ,wax t+$ ) alkanet1 & appli$ to ! surface ( w>m m>ble1 /a9s x fle% col\r1 & s9ks deep into ! /one4 #eh4 ,! ,,c[slip is a plant 7,primula v]is7 :i* gr[s 9 mo/ mead[s & pa/ures1 & is too well kn[n to require any description4 ,! fl[]s ( ! c[slip1 :5 pick$ & dri$1 are sometimes us$ z a balsamic tea4 ,:5 boil$1 ) a c]ta9 proportion ( wat] & sug>1 & aft]w>ds prop]ly f]m5t$1 !y may be made into a peculi>ly pleasant w9e4 ,! roots h a f9e od\r2 &1 :5 imm]s$ 9 ale or be]1 are said to add consid]ably to ! /r5g? ( ! liquor4 ,! leaves are sometimes eat5 z a pot-h]b1 & 9 salads2 & bo? ! leaves & fl[]s are an excell5t food = silk-worms4 #ei4 ,,buck-,,bean1 or ,,bog-,,bean 7,m5yan!s trifoliata71 is a common plant 9 %all[ ponds2 & is di/+ui%able by its leaves gr[+ 9 ?rees1 & its p9k & :ite fl[]s be+ %aggy on _! inn] surface4 ,!re is no ,briti% plant ! fl[]s ( :i* are m beautiful ?an ^? ( buck-bean2 & no?+ b ! difficulty ( propagat+ x 9 dry gr\nd c\ld prev5t its hav+ a place 9 e g>d54 ,! leaves are int5sely bitt]1 & are occasionally us$ 9 ! ,highl&s ( ,scotl& z a tea1 to /r5g!n ! /oma*4 ,! inhabitants ( "s p>ts ( ,sw$5 employ !m 9 place ( hops1 to imp>t a bitt] ta/e to ale2 two ounces ( !m be+ consid]$ equal 9 /r5g? to a p\nd ( hops4 ,by "s p]sons ! leaves ( buck-bean are smok$ in/ead ( tobacco2 & diff]5t prep>ations ( ?is plant h be5 f\nd efficaci\s z a rem$y aga9/ agues1 & 9 scorbutic & scr(ul\s diseases1 rheumatisms1 & dropsy4 ,!re is an op9ion t %eep1 :5 compell$ to eat ( buck-bean1 are cur$ ( ! rot4 ,9 ,lapl& x is said t ! p\nd$ roots1 ?\gh v unpalatable1 are sometimes conv]t$ into bread4 #fj4 ,,scammony is a concrete or dri$ juice obta9$ f ! roots ( a climb+ plant ( ! convolvulus tribe 7,convolvulus scammonia1 ,fig4 #g17 :i* is cultivat$ 9 ,asiatic ,turkey1 ,syria1 & ,p]sia4 ,?is plant is kn[n by hav+ arr[-%ap$ leaves1 not*$ 9 a p>ticul> mann] at ! base1 & ea* fl[]-/alk be>+ two or ?ree l>ge & some:at purpli% :ite fl[]s4 ,! roots ( ! scammony plant are ?ick1 black on ! surface1 :ite )91 & full ( an acrid milky juice1 :i*1 9 a concrete /ate1 is frequ5tly us$ 9 m$ic9e4 ,to obta9 x1 ! e>?1 at a c]ta9 season ( ! ye>1 is remov$ f ! upp] "p ( ! roots :il/ !y are gr[+1 & ! tops are cut obliquely4 ,! juice fl[s f ! w\nd into a small vessel sunk into ! e>?1 at ! l[] end ( ! ga%1 to receive x4 ,b1 z ea* root furni%es only a v small quantity1 ! produce ( sev]al roots is usually mix$ toge!r = ! great] conv5i5ce ( be+ expos$ to ! sun & dri$4 ,/ill1 h[ev]1 ! quantity1 ?us obta9$1 is sometimes insuffici5t to supply ! dem&4 ,9 ?is case an addition is made to x by ! pressure ( juice f ! leaves & /alks4 ,! be/ scammony is import$ f ,aleppo1 9 light1 spongy1 friable pieces1 ( %9+ blacki% grey col\r1 :i* h a fa9t1 unpleasant smell1 & a bitt]i%1 pung5t ta/e4 ,x is sometimes adult]at$ ) fl\r1 & sometimes ev5 ) s& or e>?4 ,9 its m$ical effects1 scammony1 :5 adm9i/]$ alone1 is an efficaci\s1 ?\gh viol5t purgative4 ,b if triturat$ or gr\nd d[n ) sug>1 almonds1 or gum-arabic1 its op]ation becomes suffici5tly mild & safe4 #fa4 ,,jalap is a d>k-col\r$ root1 :i* is usually import$1 9 transv]se slices1 f ,s\? ,am]ica4 ,! plant t produces x 7,convolvulus jalapa1 ,fig4 #h7 belongs to ! convolvulus tribe1 & has g5]ally some:at he>t-%ap$ leaves1 & fl[]s t are r$di% on ! outside1 & d>k purple or yell[i% )94 ,! "n ( jalap is d]iv$ f ,xalapa1 a t[n 9 ,s\? ,am]ica1 situat$ betwixt ,v]a ,cruz & ,mexico1 :]e ! plant1 ( :i* x is ! root1 0 orig9ally discov]$1 & :5ce x has be5 import$1 9 great quantities1 into ,europe4 ,! jalap plant is n[ cultivat$ 9 ! botanical g>d5 at ,*>le/[n1 & 9 sev]al o!r p>ts ( ,am]ica4 ,:5 rec5t1 ! root is l>ge1 :iti%1 & full ( juice2 b1 :5 dri$1 ! be/ pieces are compact1 h>d1 weighty1 & ( d>k col\r1 ) black circul> m>ks4 ,bo? 9 smell & ta/e x is v nause\s4 ,x is frequ5tly mix$ ) slices ( bryony root2 b ^! are easily di/+ui%$ by _! pal] col\r & por\s texture4 ,! only mode 9 :i* ?is root is ( use is z a m$ic9e2 & x is adm9i/]$ 9 sub/ance1 9 a t9cture1 & an extract4 ,x has be5 advantage\sly employ$ 9 sev]al disord]s2 b1 z x is v p[]ful 9 its effects1 great caution is necess>y 9 ! use ( x1 p>ticul>ly ) *ildr54 #fb4 ,,p]uvian ,,b>k is ! produce ( a tree :i* gr[s 9 ,s\? ,am]ica1 & *iefly 9 ,p]u1 :5ce its "n has be5 d]iv$4 ,?is tree 7,c9*ona (fic9alis71 9 size & g5]al appe>ance1 some:at resembles our *]ry-tree4 ,its leaves are 9 pairs1 oval1 po9t$1 n]v$1 & smoo? on ! upp] side2 & ! fl[]s hang 9 loose clu/]s1 are fr+$ at ! edges1 & r$ 9 ! inside 7,fig4 #aj47 ,=m]ly ?is valuable m$ic9e _h ! "n ( ,jesuit's b>k1 f its hav+ be5 fir/ introduc$ into ,europe by "s p]sons ( ! religi\s ord] call$ ,jesuits1 t 7 settl$ 9 ,s\? ,am]ica4 ,!y _h be5 in/ruct$ 9 ! use ( x by ! inhabitants ( ,p]u1 to :om x _h long be5 kn[n2 & x cont9u$1 = _m ye>s1 to be a lucrative article ( comm]ce to !m4 ,= its (fic9al "n ( c9*ona x 0 indebt$ to ! lady ( a ,spani% ,vic]oy1 ! ,c\ntess del ,c9*on1 :o1 ab\t #agj ye>s ago1 d]iv$ great b5efit f tak+ x4 ,! tree f :i* x is obta9$ gr[s spontane\sly1 & 9 great abundance1 9 sev]al ( ! m\nta9\s =e/s ( ,quito & ,p]u4 ,! prop] "t = cutt+ x is f ,septemb] to ,novemb]1 ! only season dur+ :i* !re is any consid]able int]mission f ra94 ,! ,indians1 z soon z !y h discov]$ a spot :]e ! trees are 9 suffici5t numb]1 build a few huts = !mselves1 & "o l>ge hut = conta9+ ! b>k1 to pres]ve x f wet4 ,!y !n g =?1 ea* furni%$ ) a l>ge knife1 & a bag :i* w hold ab\t fifty p\nds' weight ( b>k4 ,ea* tree occupies two m54 ,!y fir/ cut or slice d[n ! b>k z f> f ! gr\nd z !y c rea*4 ,!y !n tie to ! tree sev]al /icks a little di/ance ap>t1 & ea* ab\t half a y>d 9 l5g?1 to s]ve z a ladd] by :i* !y c asc5d to ! upp] "p1 always slic+ (f ! b>k z f> z !y c rea*1 be=e !y fix a new /ep4 ,9 ?is mann] "o ( ! two m\nts to ! top1 :il/ ! man bel[ collects :at 8 companion cuts4 ,to relieve ea* o!r1 !y asc5d ! diff]5t trees by turns2 & !y are g5]ally able to fill _! bags once 9 ! c\rse ( ! day4 ,:5 !y return to _! huts1 !y spread out ! b>k to dry1 & !y are v c>eful to pres]ve x f wet1 :i* w\ld greatly injure x4 ,!re are ?ree sorts ( b>k 9 use3 ! pale1 ! r$1 & ! yell[4 ,( ^! ! two la/ h rec5tly be5 discov]$4 ,! r$ is n[ v sc>ce1 & is seldom br\ght into ,europe4 ,! pale b>k is import$1 f ! ,spani% ,ma91 9 l>ge bundles1 closely pack$ 9 goat or o!r sk9s4 ,! yell[ is 9 mu* l>g] pieces1 & flatt] & ?ick] ?an ^? ( ! pale b>k4 ,we are in=m$1 by "s writ]s1 t ! ,p]uvians fir/ le>n$ ! use ( ?is b>k f obs]v+ c]ta9 animals1 affect$ ) int]mitt5t fev]s1 in/9ctively l$ to x4 ,o!rs say t "o ( ! inhabitants ( ,p]u1 hav+ an ague1 0 cur$ by dr9k+ ! wat] ( a pool into :i* "s trees ( ?is k9d _h accid5tally fall54 ,on its fir/ introduction into ,europe1 its use 0 oppos$ by _m em95t physicians2 &1 = a long "t aft]w>ds1 x 0 believ$ to be a v dang]\s rem$y4 ,its "*1 h[ev]1 9 process ( "t1 became p]fectly e/abli%$1 & x is n[ consid]$ "o ( ! mo/ valuable m$ic9es we possess4 ,p]uvian b>k is us$ z a rem$y 9 int]mitt5t fev]s or agues2 &1 by "s p]sons1 is prescrib$ 9 o!r k9ds ( fev]s1 9 conflu5t small-pox1 9 gangr5\s sore ?roat1 & inde$ 9 e species ( gangr5e4 ,x is giv5 9 p[d]1 z an extract1 a spiritu\s t9cture1 & a decoction2 b ! mo/ efficaci\s =m is t ( p[d]4 ,9 ta/e x is bitt] & a/r+5t1 leav+ an impression ^u ! palate :i* cont9ues = "s "t aft]w>ds2 b its smell is r agreeable ?an o!rwise4 #fc4 ,,c(fee is ! se$ ( an ev]gre5 %rub :i* is cultivat$ 9 hot climates1 & is *iefly import$ f ,arabia & ! ,ea/ & ,we/ ,indies4 ,?is %rub 7,c(fea ,arabica1 ,fig4 #i7 is f fifte5 to tw5ty feet 9 height4 ,! leaves are f\r or five in*es long1 & two in*es broad1 smoo?1 gre51 & glossy on ! upp] surface2 & ! fl[]s1 :i* gr[ 9 bun*es at ! base ( ! leaves1 are :ite & sweet-sc5t$4 ,! b]ries or fruit are ( a some:at oval %ape1 ab\t ! size ( a *]ry1 & ( d>k r$ col\r1 :5 ripe4 ,ea* ( ^! conta9s two cells1 & ea* cell has a s+le se$1 :i* is ! c(fee z we see x be=e x und]goes ! process ( roa/+4 ,c(fee is an article ( only late introduction4 ,to ! ,greeks & ,romans x 0 :olly unkn[n4 ,its use appe>s to h orig9at$ 9 ,e?iopia2 &1 9 #aeed1 x is /at$ to h be5 fir/ introduc$ into ,con/ant9ople1 :5ce x 0 gradually adopt$ 9 ! we/]n p>ts ( ,europe4 ,9 #afeb ,mr4 ,daniel ,edw>ds1 a ,turkey m]*ant1 br\ght ) him to ,engl& a ,greek s]vant1 ^: "n 0 ,pasqua1 & :o und]/ood ! me?ods ( roa/+ c(fee1 & mak+ x into a bev]age4 ,?is man 0 ! fir/ :o publicly sold c(fee 9 ?is c\ntry2 & he kept a h\se = t purpose 9 ,george ,y>d1 ,lomb>d ,/reet4 ,at ,p>is1 c(fee 0 ne>ly unkn[n until ! arrival ( ! ,turki% ambassador1 ,solomon ,aga1 9 #affi2 ab\t ?ree ye>s aft] :i* ! fir/ c(fee-h\se is said to h be5 e/abli%$ 9 t city4 ,! c(fee %rub 0 orig9ally plant$ 9 ,jamaica 9 #agcb4 ,great att5tion is paid to ! culture ( c(fee 9 ,arabia4 ,! trees are rais$ f se$ s[n 9 nurs]ies1 & aft]w>ds plant$ out1 9 moi/ & %ady situations1 on slop+ gr\nds1 or at ! foot ( m\nta9s4 ,c>e is tak5 to conduct little rills ( wat] to ! roots ( ! trees1 :i* at c]ta9 seasons require to be con/antly surr\nd$ ) moi/ure4 ,z soon z ! fruit is ne>ly ripe1 ! wat] is turn$ (f1 le/ ! fruit %\ld be r5d]$ too succul5t4 ,9 places mu* expos$ to ! s\?1 ! trees are plant$ 9 r[s1 & are %ad$ f ! o!rwise too int5se heat ( ! sun1 by a bran*+ k9d ( popl> tree4 ,:5 ! fruit has atta9$ its maturity1 clo?s are plac$ "u ! trees1 &1 ^u ^!1 ! lab\r]s %ake x d[n4 ,!y aft]w>ds spread ! b]ries on mats1 & expose !m to ! sun to dry4 ,! husk is !n brok5 (f by l>ge & heavy roll]s ( wood or iron4 ,:5 ! c(fee has be5 ?us cle>$ ( its husk1 x is aga9 dri$ 9 ! sun1 & la/ly w9n[$ ) a l>ge fan1 = ! purpose ( cle>+ x f ! pieces ( husks ) :i* x is int]m+l$4 ,a p\nd ( c(fee is g5]ally m ?an ! produce ( "o tree2 b a tree 9 great vig\r w produce ?ree or f\r p\nds4 ,! be/ c(fee is import$ f ,mo*a1 a t[n on ! ea/]n bank ( ! ,r$ ,sea4 ,?is1 :i* 9 ,europe is call$ ,mo*a & ,turkey c(fee1 be>s a high] price ?an any :i* our coloni/s are able to raise2 ow+1 z x is suppos$1 to ! diff]5ce ( climate & soil 9 :i* x is gr[n4 ,x is pack$ 9 l>ge bales1 ea* conta9+ a numb] ( small] bales2 &1 :5 good1 x appe>s fre%1 & ( a gre5i% olive col\r4 ,! c(fee next 9 e/eem to ?is is gr[n 9 ,java & ! ,ea/ ,indies1 & t ( l[e/ price 9 ! ,we/ ,indies4 ,:5 /[$ 9 %ips ) rum1 pepp]1 or o!r articles1 x is said t c(fee contracts a rank & unpleasant flav\r1 & ?is has be5 assign$ z a reason ( ! inf]iority ( su* z is import$ f our own plantations4 ,! quantity ( c(fee annually suppli$ by ,arabia is suppos$ to be upw>ds ( f\rte5 millions ( p\nds4 ,be=e ! comm5cem5t ( ! ,fr5* ,revolution ! isl& ( ,/4 ,dom+o alone export$ m ?an sev5ty millions ( p\nds p] annum4 ,almo/ all ! ,mahometans dr9k c(fee at lea/ twice a day1 v hot1 & )\t sug>4 ,! excell5ce ( c(fee dep5ds1 9 a great measure1 on ! skill & att5tion t are ex]cis$ 9 ! roa/+ ( x4 ,if x be too little roa/$1 x is devoid ( flav\r2 & if too mu*1 x becomes acrid1 & has a disagreeable burnt ta/e4 ,9 ,engl& ! op]ation ( roa/+ is usually p]=m$ 9 a cyl9drical t9 box1 p]=at$ ) num]\s holes1 & fix$ ^u a spit :i* runs l5g?wise ?r\gh ! c5tre1 & is turn$ by a jack4 ,9 a m$ical view1 c(fee is said to be ( use 9 assi/+ dige/ion1 promot+ ! natural secretions1 & prev5t+ or remov+ a disposition to dr[s9ess4 ,x has be5 f\nd highly b5eficial 9 reliev+ "s cases ( sev]e head-a*4 ,! out] pulpy "p ( ! b]ry1 & ! inn] membrane1 :i* imm$iately inve/s ! se$s1 are us$ by ! ,arabians1 & ( ^! ! =m] is mu* e/eem$1 & con/itutes :at is call$ c(fee la sultane4 #fd4 ,,/ramonium1 or ,,?orn-,,apple 7,datura /ramonium71 is an annual plant1 ) ?ick r\nd /alks1 some:at triangul> leaves1 jagg$ or too!d at ! edges1 l>ge :ite & funnel-%ap$ fl[]s1 & se$ vessels l>ge & beset ) sp9es4 ,al?\gh orig9ally a native ( ,am]ica1 /ramonium is n[ a frequ5t we$ on dunghills1 & 9 cultivat$ gr\nd ( our own c\ntry2 &1 :5 once introduc$ into a g>d51 x is difficult to be eradicat$4 ,its smell is exce$+ly unpleasant1 & its qualities are s p]nici\s1 :5 tak5 int]nally1 z to occasion gidd9ess1 torpor1 & sometimes ev5 dea?4 ,! se$s are p>ticul>ly injuri\s4 ,not)/&+ ?is1 ! inspissat$ or dri$ juice ( ! leaves has be5 consid]$ a valuable rem$y 9 epileptic & o!r convulsive disord]s4 ,an o9tm5t prep>$ f !m af=ds relief 9 ext]nal inflammations2 & smok+ ! dri$ leaves has lately be5 recomm5d$ 9 a/hmatic compla9ts4 ,! soporif]\s & intoxicat+ qualities ( /ramonium are well kn[n 9 ea/]n c\ntries1 & h (t5 occasion$ ! plant to be employ$ = v improp] uses4 #fe4 ,,tobacco1 9 ! /ate t we see x1 is a n>cotic drug =m$ f ! dri$ leaves ( an annual plant 7,nicotiana tabacum1 ,fig4 #aa7 t is pr9cipally cultivat$ 9 ,nor? ,am]ica1 ,! /alk ( ! tobacco plant is erect1 /rong1 r\nd1 & h>dy4 ,! leaves are l>ge1 oblong1 po9t$1 clammy1 & ( pale gre5 col\r4 ,! fl[]s1 :i* t]m9ate ! /em & bran*es 9 loose clu/]s1 are ( r$di% col\r1 & funnel %ap$1 ) a long hairy tube2 & ! se$ vessel is oval1 & divid$ into two cells1 t conta9 _m r\nd$ se$s4 ,! cultivation ( tobacco is c>ri$ on to great ext5t 9 sev]al p>ts ( ,nor? ,am]ica4 ,! se$1 mix$ ) a%es on acc\nt ( its smallness1 is s[n a little be=e ! beg9n+ ( ! ra9y season2 &1 9 ord] ! bett] to cov] x1 ! b$s are rak$ ov] or trampl$ ^u4 ,9 ab\t a =tnight ! "y plants beg9 to appe>1 &1 z soon z !y h f\r leaves1 !y are drawn up & transplant$ 9 l9es1 & ab\t ?ree feet asund]1 into ! tobacco field4 ,"h !y are kept cle> ( we$s2 &1 z soon z !y h eight or n9e leaves ea*1 ! tops are nipp$ (f to make ! leaves gr[ ?ick] & long]4 ,:5 ! plants are full gr[n1 & ! leaves are become some:at brittle1 !y are cut ) a knife close to ! gr\nd4 ,!y are suff]$ to lie ^u ! gr\nd = a little :ile1 aft] :i* !y are c>ri$ to ! dry+ %$1 :]e !y are hung by pairs ^u l9es or ropes4 ,:5 p]fectly dry1 ! leaves are /ripp$ f ! /alks1 & made into small bundles ti$ r\nd ) ano!r leaf4 ,^! bundles are laid 9 heaps1 & cov]$ ) blankets = ab\t sev5 days to heat2 aft] :i* !y are closely /[$ 9 casks = exportation4 ,! "n ( tobacco 0 giv5 to ?is article f its hav+ be5 orig9ally br\ght into ,europe f ,tobago1 or ,tabago1 an isl& 9 ! ,bay ( ,panama1 ne> ! coa/ ( ,am]ica4 ,to ! ,am]ican ,indians ! use ( tobacco has be5 kn[n = _m c5turies2 & ! practice ( smok+ x is common to almo/ all ! tribes4 ,tobacco =ms a "p ( e ent]ta9m5t2 &1 9 ! int]vals ( hunt+1 sleep+1 & eat+1 x occupies no small portion ( _! "t4 ,9 _m ( _! religi\s c]emonies tobacco is us$2 & in/ances h occurr$ 9 :i* !y h tak5 x 9 su* quantity t dea? has ensu$4 ,! cu/om ( smok+ is und]/ood to h be5 fir/ introduc$ into ,engl&1 by ,sir ,walt] ,raleigh1 dur+ ! reign ( ,que5 ,elizabe?1 & a ludicr\s /ory has (t5 be5 told respect+ x3 t ,sir ,walt] hav+ direct$ a s]vant to br+ him a jug ( wat]1 ! man1 at 8 return into ! room1 f\nd him smok+1 &1 al>m$ at see+ 8 ma/] app>5tly on fire1 ?rew ! :ole cont5ts ( ! jug into 8 face to qu5* x4 ,s ext5sive has ?is nause\s practice n[ become1 especially 9 ,holl& & ,g]many1 t x con/itutes a daily luxury ) ne>ly all ! peasantry ( ^? c\ntries1 z well z ) ! m indol5t & weal?y classes ( ! inhabitants4 ,to _m con/itutions x is v injuri\s4 ,:5 fir/ begun1 x occasions vomit+1 intoxication1 & o!r unpleasant effects4 ,^! h[ev]1 by repetition1 are discont9u$1 ?\gh its /upify+ qualities are nev] entirely ov]come4 ,ano!r =m "u :i* tobacco is us$1 is t ( snuff4 ,! basis ( snuff is tobacco p[d]$2 b _m o!r matt]s are add$1 to give x a peculi> smell1 or to imp>t pung5cy to x4 ,:5 fir/ appli$ to ! nose1 snuff excites sneez+1 b1 by repetition1 ?is entirely ceases4 ,! practice ( tak+ snuff has1 9 "s in/ances1 be5 f\nd injuri\s to ! smell & ! voice2 x has be5 att5d$ ) loss ( memory1 & by symptoms ( a weak5$ or debilitat$ /ate ( ! n]v\s sy/em4 ,b !re is no mode ( us+ tobacco s disgu/+1 to p]sons unaccu/om$ to x1 z *ew+4 ,by ! lab\r+ classes1 & p>ticul>ly by m>9]s1 ?is practice is *iefly foll[$1 f a notion1 ?\gh app>5tly a v errone\s "o1 t x w prev5t ! return ( hung]1 &1 9 "s degree1 supply a lack ( food4 ,?\gh all ^! are disgu/+ z practices1 !re is no d\bt1 b1 m$ic9ally1 !y may be att5d$ ) good effects4 ,by smok+ & *ew+1 too?-a* has (t5 be5 reliev$2 & "s p]sons consid] ! =m] a means ( gu>d+ aga9/ contagion4 ,! occasional & mod]ate use ( snuff has1 9 sev]al cases1 be5 f\nd b5eficial1 p>ticul>ly 9 head-a*s1 & 9 diseases ( ! eyes & e>s4 ,infusions ( tobacco are sometimes adm9i/]$ 9 m$ic9e1 b ?is drug is pr9cipally giv5 9 ! =m ( a v9\s or wat]y infusion4 ,tobacco is a p[]ful m$ic9e1 & requires to be us$ ) great caution4 ,! smoke ( ?is h]b1 :5 bl[n aga9/ noxi\s insects1 de/roys !m1 & is ! means :i* g>d5]s adopt = ridd+ hot-h\ses & gre5-h\ses ( su* z infe/ _! plants4 ,! tobacco plant is suffici5tly h>dy to su/a9 ! rig\r ( an ,european climate1 & is cultivat$ 9 sev]al p>ts ( ,spa9 & ,portugal4 ,z h[ev]1 on importation1 x pays a heavy tax to gov]nm5t1 ! culture ( x 9 ?is c\ntry is re/rict$1 by ! legislature1 to half a rod ( gr\nd 9 physic g>d5s2 & if ?is be exce$$ ! cultivator is liable to a p5alty ( t5 p\nds = e rod4 ,! diff]5t k9ds ( tobacco & snuff are attributable r to ! diff]5ce ( climate & soil 9 :i* ! plants h be5 gr[n1 & to ! diff]5t modes ( managem5t & manufacture1 ?an to any ess5tial di/9ction 9 ! plants f :i* !y are manufactur$4 #ff4 ,,deadly ,,night%ade 7,atropa belladonna7 is an extremely poison\s plant1 :i* gr[s 9 h$ges & wa/e gr\nds1 9 sev]al p>ts ( ,engl&1 & has some:at oval leaves ( dull gre5 col\r1 purple bell-%ap$ fl[]s1 & %9+ black b]ries1 ea* ab\t ! size ( a small *]ry4 ,!re is no ,briti% plant s injuri\s 9 its effects on ! human frame z ?is2 & ! allur+ appe>ance & sweeti% ta/e ( ! b]ries h1 9 _m in/ances1 p>ticul>ly ) *ildr51 be5 succe$$ by ! mo/ fatal consequ5ces4 ,x is true t "s p]sons h be5 kn[n to eat ?ree or f\r ( !m )\t injury2 b 9 o!rs a s+le b]ry1 & ev5 ! half ( "o1 has occasion$ dea?4 ,! leaves are m p[]ful ?an ! b]ries4 ,! usual symptoms ( ?is poison are a deep & deadly /upor1 gidd9ess1 delirium1 great ?ir/1 ret*+1 & convulsions4 ,a draught ( v9eg>1 & keep+ ! pati5t con/antly 9 motion1 are said to be ! be/ means ( cure4 ,"s writ]s h suppos$ x 0 ! deadly night%ade :i* produc$ ^? /range & dreadful effects t are describ$ by ,plut>* to h be5 exp]i5c$ by ! ,roman soldi]s1 "u ! comm& ( ,antony1 dur+ _! retreat f ! ,p>?ians3--,_! di/ress = provisions 0 s great t !y 7 compell$ to eat ( plants unkn[n to !m4 ,among o!rs1 !y f\nd an h]b ( :i* _m ate2 ^!1 %ortly aft]w>ds1 lo/ _! memory & _! s5ses1 & :olly employ$ !mselves 9 turn+ ov] all ! /ones !y c\ld f9d2 !n1 be+ seiz$ ) vomit+1 !y fell d[n dead4 ,! leaves ( ! deadly night%ade h sometimes be5 us$ ext]nally1 & ) good effect1 9 cases ( canc]2 & 9 ulc]s & tum\rs ( diff]5t k9ds4 ,!y are likewise giv51 int]nally1 9 infusion2 b ! suff]+s ( ! pati5t1 h[ev] small ! dose may be1 are s dreadful t few practition]s l to resort to !m4 #fg4 ,,potatoe 7,solanum tub]osum7 is a well kn[n edible root1 :i* 0 orig9ally import$ into ?is c\ntry f ,am]ica4 ,no root ) :i* we are acqua9t$ is s valuable to mank9d 9 temp]ate climates1 z ! potatoe4 ,9 "s c\ntries1 p>ticul>ly 9 ,irel&1 x =ms a mo/ important article ( food to ! l[] classes ( inhabitants4 ,by ! ,engli% peasantry ! potatoe is by no means e/eem$ z x des]ves4 ,9 addition to its value = cul9>y uses1 x might1 9 a v ess5tial degree1 be made to s]ve z a sub/itute = bread4 ,if duly prep>$1 & mix$ ) a ne>ly equal portion ( :eat fl\r1 x may ev5 be made into loaves4 ,a k9d ( *eese may be made1 by r$uc+ potatoes to ! consi/5ce ( pa/e1 add+ an equal quantity ( ! curd f :i* *eese is made1 ) a little salt & "s o!r +r$i5ts1 mix+ ! :ole toge!r1 & =m+ !m 9 m\lds4 ,! ,g]mans prep>e a fav\rite di% by slic+ boil$ potatoes & p\r+ ov] !m ! same k9d ( sauce :i* is us$ = salads1 & mix+ an*ovies ) !m4 ,^! roots af=d an excell5t food = horses & cattle2 & x is said t bullocks w fatt5 on !m m spe$ily ?an on cabbages or turnips4 ,potatoes are likewise s]viceable = ! fatt5+ ( hogs2 b1 = a little :ile be=e ^! are kill$1 x is requisite to use b>ley meal 9 addition1 z o!rwise ! fat ( ! bacon is liable to boil away 9 ! cook+4 ,9 ! use ( potatoes z food1 x is requisite to prep>e !m 9 "s mann] by heat1 z o!rwise !y are bo? unpalatable & poison\s4 ,a k9d ( br&y 0 =m]ly di/ill$ f potatoes2 b ?is has be5 =bidd5 by ! legislature4 ,/>* may be made f potatoes1 by ! simple process ( scrap+ !m 9 wat]1 & well wa%+ ! pulp3 ! />* settles to ! bottom ( ! vessel1 9 a heavy & closely connect$ s$im5t4 ,?is />* is ( use = ! same purposes z />* prep>$ f :eat3 x is also valuable z a size2 :i*1 unlike ! size produc$ f animal sub/ances1 does n easily putrefy1 & has no disagreeable smell4 ,bak]s 9 ,g]many1 by ! addition ( calc9$ oy/] %ells & burnt h>t%orn1 conv]t ! pulp ( potatoes into yea/4 ,! /alks or haulm ( potatoes are capable ( be+ made into pap]4 ,!y are also ( consid]able utility z manure4 ,! apples1 or se$-vessels1 may be usefully employ$ z a pickle3 &1 if prop]ly prep>$1 !y are said to be ev5 m palatable ?an cucumb]s4 ,!re are num]\s v>ieties ( ! potatoe4 ,( ^! ! mo/ rem>kable are ! diff]5t k9ds ( kidney potatoes1 ! ,aylesbury :ite1 & ,altr+ham e>ly :ite1 :i* are *iefly gr[n = ! table2 ! ox noble1 ,iri% purple1 & r$ potatoes1 :i* are adapt$ = fodd]4 ,?is valuable root 0 orig9ally import$ f ,am]ica1 ab\t ! beg9n+ ( ! sev5te5? c5tury4 ,! inhabitants ( ,irel& ass]t t x 0 fir/ introduc$ into t c\ntry1 by ! accid5tal wreck1 ^u _! coa/1 ( a vessel :i* 0 lad5 ) potatoes & freight$ = ,engl&4 ,! usual mode ( plant+ potatoes is by cutt+ ! roots into pieces1 res]v+ "o eye or bud to ea* division1 & sett+ ^! 9 ! e>?4 ,!y w succe$ 9 any tol]able soil2 b !y fl\ri% mo/ luxuriantly 9 light s&y loams4 ,! prop] "t = digg+ !m up is dur+ dry wea!r 9 autumn1 :5 ! leaves & /ems beg9 to decay4 ,:5 cultivat$ on a small scale1 !y are usually dug ) a ?ree prong$ =k2 b :5 rais$ 9 fields1 :]e ?is process w\ld be too t$i\s1 !y are turn$ up by a pl\gh4 #fh4 ,,capsicums are ,s\? ,am]ican & ,indian plants easily kn[n by _! holl[ pods1 ( %9+ r$ or yell[ col\r1 :i* conta9 _m small1 flat1 & kidney-%ap$ se$s4 ,! pr9cipal species are1 ,he>t or ,bell pepp] 7,capsicum grossum71 ,gu9ea pepp] 7,capsicum annuum1 ,fig4 #ab71 & ,bird pepp] 7,capsicum baccatum74 ,all ! species ( capsicum possess ! same g5]al qualities4 ,9 hot climates1 b p>ticul>ly 9 ! ,ea/ & ,we/ ,indies1 & "s p>ts ( ,spani% ,am]ica1 ! fruit ( ^! plants is mu* us$ = cul9>y purposes4 ,x is eat5 9 l>ge quantities1 bo? ) animal & vegetable food2 & is mix$1 9 great] or less proportion1 ) almo/ all k9ds ( sauces4 ,cay5ne pepp] is made f ! fruit ( diff]5t species ( capsicum4 ,?is fruit1 :5 ripe1 is ga!r$1 dri$ 9 ! sun1 & !n p\nd$2 & ! p[d] is mix$ ) a c]ta9 portion ( salt1 & kept1 = use1 9 closely /opp$ bottles4 ,( late ye>s ,cay5ne pepp] has be5 introduc$ into mo/ ( ! c\ntries ( ,europe2 & x is n[ v g5]ally us$ z a poignant +r$i5t 9 s\ps & highly season$ di%es4 ,its ta/e is extremely acrid1 & x leaves a durable s5sation ( heat on ! palate1 :i* is be/ remov$ by butt] or oil4 ,:5 tak5 9 small quantity1 cay5ne pepp] is a grateful /imulant2 &1 9 m$ic9e x is us$1 bo? ext]nally & int]nally1 to promote ! action ( ! bodily organs :5 languid or torpid2 & x is said to be f\nd efficaci\s 9 _m g\ty & p>alytic cases4 #fi4 ,! ,,gu9ea ,,pepp]1 or ,,annual ,,capsicum 7,fig4 #ab71 is a sl5d] h]bace\s plant1 ) smoo? leaves1 :ite fl[]s1 s+le fl[] /alks1 & smoo?1 %9+ fruit ( oblong %ape1 & usually ( r$ & yell[ col\r4 ,?is plant is a native bo? ( ! ,ea/ & ,we/ ,indies1 & is consid]$ ! mo/ h>dy ( ! :ole tribe ( capsicum4 ,9 _m p>ts ( ! ,s\? ( ,europe1 its fruit is eat5 gre5 by ! peasants at _! breakfa/s1 & is pref]r$ by !m to onions or g>lic4 ,! fruit ( all ! species may be r5d]$ useful 9 dome/ic economy1 ei!r z a pickle1 or z cay5ne pepp]4 ,= ! latt]1 x may be dri$ be=e a fire1 & gr\nd to p[d] 9 a common pepp]-mill4 #gj4 ,! ,,buck-,,?orn 7,rhamnus ca?>ticus7 is a sp9\s %rub1 :i* gr[s 9 ?ickets & h$ges1 & has clu/]s ( small gre5 fl[]s1 globul> black b]ries1 & some:at oval leaves1 s]rat$ at ! edge4 ,ab\t ! mon? ( ,septemb] ! b]ries ( ! buck-?orn beg9 to rip52 &1 if ^! are bruis$ :5 p]fectly ripe1 !y yield a gre5 t9t4 ,!y are made into ! sap-gre5 :i* is us$ by pa9t]s 9 wat]-col\rs1 by evaporat+ _! juice to ! consi/5ce ( a gum4 ,f ! juice ( ! unripe b]ries1 mix$ ) alum1 a yell[ dye is obta9$1 :i* is employ$ by dy]s1 & also = /a9+ maps or pap]4 ,if ! fruit be ga!r$ late 9 ! autumn ! juice is purple4 ,! syrup ( buck-?orn b]ries is sometimes us$ 9 dropsies & o!r compla9ts1 ?\gh !re are objections to x f its occasion+ sickness & grip+4 ,! b]ries h a fa9t disagreeable smell1 & a nause\s bitt] ta/e4 ,x is n unusual to mix )1 or sub/itute = !m1 ! fruit ( ! b]ry-be>+ ald]1 & ( ! dog-b]ry tree4 ,! fraud is1 h[ev]1 easily detect$ on exam9ation2 = ! buck-?orn b]ries h ea* f\r se$s1 :i* ! o!rs h n4 ,! inn] b>k ( ! buck-?orn is said to yield a m$ic9e pref]able to t af=d$ by ! b]ries1 b x is an extremely p[]ful "o4 #ga4 ,,nux ,,vomica1 or ,,vomic ,,nut1 is a r\nd1 flat se$1 ab\t an in* 9 diamet]1 ( greyi% br[n col\r1 & horny consi/5ce1 ! produce ( a tree 7,/ry*nos nux vomica7 :i* gr[s 9 ! ,ea/ ,indies4 ,! tree is ( l>ge size1 & has some:at oval leaves1 9 pairs1 ea* m>k$ ) ?ree or five /rong ribs4 ,! "y bran*es h swell$ jo9ts4 ,! fl[]s are 9 a k9d ( umbels at ! extremity ( ! bran*es4 ,! fruit :i* produces ! vomic nut is a species ( b]ry1 ab\t ! size ( a small apple1 & cov]$ ) a h>d sub/ance some:at resembl+ t ( ! pomegranate 7#aed71 & ( beautiful orange col\r :5 ripe4 ,?is fruit is fill$ ) a pulp :i* conta9s ! se$s4 ,!re is s great a consumption ( nux vomica1 t ! quantity v5d$ at ! ,ea/ ,india ,company's sales1 9 #ahjh1 0 ab\t five tons' weight1 & its price ab\t n9ete5 %ill+s p] hundr$ weight1 exclusive ( ! duty4 ,x is imag9$ t public brew]s sometimes use ?is drug 9 ! adult]ation ( ale & port]1 = ! purpose ( r5d]+ x m intoxicat+ ?an x o!rwise w\ld be4 ,x is employ$ = ! de/ruction ( v]m92 & is said to be quickly fatal to dogs1 foxes1 wolves1 & mo/ o!r quadrup$s4 ,:5 p\nd$ & mix$ ) oatmeal1 x is us$ = ! kill+ ( rats4 ,yet delet]i\s z ?is drug is1 x has lately be5 employ$ on ! ,cont95t1 z a m$ic9e ( great efficacy1 9 spasmodic affections ( ! b[els1 & "s o!r compla9ts2 b its adm9i/ration ought only to be attempt$ by m$ical m54 ,an extract ( nux vomica has lately be5 import$ f ,india2 b x is n g5]ally kn[n = :at purpose4 #gb4 ,! ,,teak-,,tree 7,tectonia gr&is7 is a valuable species ( timb]1 :i* gr[s 9 ! =e/s ( ! ,ea/ ,indies4 ,?is tree atta9s ! height ( fifty feet & upw>ds4 ,its leaves are some:at oval1 slightly scallop$1 r\gh on ! upp] side1 & clad ) a :ite d[n b5ea?2 & its fl[]s are 9 bun*es1 small1 :ite1 & fragrant4 ,= ! build+ ( %ips1 teak-wood is e/eem$ sup]ior to e k9d ( timb] except oak4 ,x is said to be almo/ incorruptible 9 wat]2 & its bitt]ness pres]ves x f ! attack ( worms4 ,= all ! purposes ( c>p5try1 teak is ! mo/ useful timb] t is produc$ 9 ,asia4 ,x is easily wr\ght1 & is peculi>ly /rong & durable4 ,t :i* gr[s on ! coa/ ( ,malab> is consid]$ ! be/2 b ! greate/ quantity is obta9$ f ,pegu4 ,! =m] is ne>ly all hill timb]1 :]eas ! latt] is ! produce ( a l[ & flat c\ntry4 ,9 ,india mu* ( ! furniture is made ( teak wood4 ,! att5tion ( gov]nm5t has ( late be5 call$ to ! cultivation ( ?is timb]2 & great enc\ragem5t is n[ giv5 to an ext5sive propagation ( x4 ,9 ! pres5t sc>city ( oak timb] 9 ,engl&1 ! increase ( teak 9 ! ,ea/ is become an object ( importance to ! prosp]ity ( our navy4 ,its culture has also be5 recomm5d$ 9 our ,we/ ,indian isl&s1 ! climate & soil ( :i* are consid]$ ne>ly simil> to ^? ( its native c\ntry4 #gc4 ,,mangos1 z !y are import$ into ?is c\ntry1 are ! unripe fruit ( an ,ea/ ,indian tree 7,mangif]a ,indica7 pickl$ 9 v9eg>4 ,! mango tree gr[s to a great size1 & has spe>-%ap$ leaves1 ea* eight or n9e in*es long1 & two in*es wide4 ,! fl[]s spr+1 9 a loose k9d ( bun*1 f ! extremity ( ! /ems4 ,! fruit ( ?is tree1 :5 ripe1 is z l>ge z a goose's egg1 & is mu* e/eem$ 9 ,india1 on acc\nt ( its invigorat+ od\r2 :i*1 x is imag9$1 w re/ore heal? to p]sons 9 a decl9+ /ate4 ,b5ea? its r\gh %ell !re is a k]nel1 simil> to t ( ! almond1 :i* may be eat5 ei!r fre% or pres]v$4 ,f ! express$ juice ( ?is fruit ! ,indians prep>e a k9d ( w9e4 ,:5 int5d$ = pickl+1 ! fruit is ga!r$ 9 an unripe /ate4 ,an imitation ( mangos is made 9 our own c\ntry ) a p>ticul> sort ( melon4 ,a small squ>e piece is cut f ! side ( ! melon1 ?r\gh :i* ! se$s are tak5 out4 ,x is !n fill$ ) mu/>d se$s & %r$ g>lic1 & aft]w>ds pickl$ ) v9eg> & spices4 ,l>ge cucumb]s are sometimes prep>$ z mangos4 #gd4 ,,r$ ,,currants are ! fruit ( a well kn[n %rub 7,ribes rubum71 :i* is cultivat$1 9 g>d5s2 & :i* also gr[s wild 9 woods or ?ickets ( "s ( ! nor!rn p>ts ( ,engl&4 ,its bun*es are smoo? & p5dant2 & its fl[]s are flatti%4 ,! utility ( ?is fruit 9 dome/ic economy has long be5 e/abli%$4 ,its juice1 if boil$ ) an equal weight ( loaf sug>1 =ms an agreeable sub/ance1 call$ currant jelly1 :i* is mu* employ$ 9 sauces & = o!r cul9>y purposes2 & also 9 ! cure ( sore ?roats & colds4 ,! ,fr5* frequ5tly mix currant jelly ) sug> & wat]1 z a bev]age2 &1 by _m p]sons1 ?is mixture is pref]r$ to orgeat or lemonade4 ,! juice ( currants is a valuable rem$y 9 ob/ructions ( ! b[els2 &1 9 febrile compla9ts1 x is useful on acc\nt ( its readily qu5*+ ?ir/1 & = its cool+ effect on ! /oma*4 ,?is juice1 f]m5t$ ) a prop] quantity ( sug>1 becomes a palatable w9e1 :i* is mu* improv$ by keep+2 & :i*1 ) c>e1 may be kept = tw5ty ye>s & upw>ds4 ,modes ( mak+ ?is1 z well z o!r ,briti% w9es1 are to be f\nd 9 all ! dome/ic receipt books4 ,! inn] b>k1 boil$ ) wat]1 is a popul> rem$y 9 jaundice2 &1 by "s m$ical m51 x has be5 adm9i/]$ 9 dropsical compla9ts4 ,:ite & fle%-col\r$ currants h1 9 e respect1 ! same qualities z ! r$ species4 #ge4 ,,black ,,currants are ! fruit ( a g>d5 %rub 7,ribes nigrum7 :i* is di/+ui%$ by hav+ its bun*es hairy & its fl[]s oblong4 ,! b]ries ( ! black currant %rub are l>g] ?an ^? ( ! r$2 &1 9 "s p>ts ( ,sib]ia1 are said to atta9 ! size ( a hazel nut4 ,!y are occasionally made into w9e1 jelly1 & rob or syrup4 ,! two latt] are frequ5tly employ$ 9 ! cure ( sore ?roats2 &1 f ! great use ( black currants 9 qu9sies1 !y h sometimes be5 d5om9at$ squ9ancy or qu9cy b]ries4 ,! leaves are fragrant1 & h be5 recomm5d$ = _! m$ic9al virtues4 ,an infusion ( !m1 9 ! mann] ( tea1 is v grateful1 &1 by _m p]sons1 is pref]r$ to tea4 ,! t5d] leaves t+e common spirits s z to resemble br&y2 & an infusion ( ! "y roots is useful 9 fev]s ( ! eruptive k9d4 ,black currant trees gr[ wild 9 wet h$ges1 & ne> ! banks ( riv]s1 9 sev]al p>ts ( ,norfolk4 ,! dri$ currants ( ! %ops d n belong to ?is family1 b are a small k9d ( grape 7#gi74 #gf4 ,,gooseb]ries are ! fruit ( a prickly %rub 7,ribes grossul>ia7 :i* gr[s wild 9 ,*e%ire1 ,lanca%ire1 & sev]al p>ts ( ,york%ire4 ,few ( ! g>d5 fruits are m e/eem$ = ! table ?an gooseb]ries4 ,= cul9>y purposes1 gooseb]ries are g5]ally employ$ be=e !y are ripe2 b ?is is f\nd$ on errone\s notions ( _! *emical prop]ties1 s9ce1 ei!r = sauces or w9e1 ?\gh !y are m cool & refre%+1 !y d n possess ! delicate flav\r & ri* sac*>9e qualities :i* are inh]5t 9 ! ripe fruit4 ,w9e made ( gooseb]ries has great resemblance to ,*ampaigne4 ,9 ! mak+ ( w9e1 aft] ! juice has be5 express$1 x is cu/om>y to ?r[ away ! sk9s ( ! fruit4 ,^!1 h[ev]1 may ) advantage be employ$ 9 di/illation1 z !y af=d an agreeable _s some:at resembl+ br&y4 ,:5 kept a few mon?s1 ?is _s is said to be little inf]ior1 ei!r 9 /r5g? or flav\r1 to ! be/ ,cogniac br&y4 ,v9eg> may be made f gooseb]ries4 ,"s ( ! k9ds are bottl$ :ile gre51 & kept = w9t] use2 & o!rs are1 = ! same purpose1 pres]v$ ) sug>4 ,gooseb]ries v>y mu* 9 col\r1 size1 & quality4 ,"s are smoo?1 & o!rs hairy4 ,"s are r$1 o!rs gre51 & o!rs yell[ or amb] col\r$4 ,wild gooseb]ries are greatly inf]ior1 9 size1 to ^? :i* are cultivat$ 9 g>d5s4 #gg4 ,,ipecacuanha 7,viola ipecacuanha7 is a m$ic9al root1 small1 wr9kl$1 b5t1 & contort$ into a great v>iety ( %apes2 :i* is import$ f ! ,we/ ,indies & ,s\? ,am]ica1 & is giv5 z an emetic4 ,!re are ?ree k9ds ( ipecacuanha3 a%-col\r$ or grey1 br[n1 & :ite4 ,( ^!1 ! a%-col\r$ is usually pref]r$ = m$ic9al use1 f its be+ m efficaci\s ?an ! :ite1 & less viol5t ?an ! br[n4 ,ipecacuanha 0 fir/ br\ght into ,europe t[>ds ! middle ( ! sev5te5? c5tury2 b x 0 n admitt$ into g5]al use until ab\t ! ye> #afhf1 :5 x 0 introduc$ into practice "u ! patronage ( ,l\is ! ,f\rte5? ( ,france4 ,its ta/e is bitt]i% & some:at acrid2 & x seems to cov] ! tongue ) a k9d ( mucilage4 ,x is "o ( ! milde/ & safe/ emetics ) :i* we are acqua9t$2 & is adm9i/]$ 9 p[d]1 z a w9e1 & z a t9cture4 ,x has ?is peculi> advantage1 t1 if x d n op]ate z an emetic1 x passes (f )\t injury by ! sk9 or b[els4 ,9 v small doses x is efficaci\s 9 ob/9ate c\ghs1 & 9 sev]al o!r compla9ts4 ,! roots ( a k9d ( dogsbane 7,apocynum7 are n unfrequ5tly sub/itut$ = ^? ( ipecacuanha2 b1 9 "s in/ances1 ?is sub/itution has be5 att5d$ ) fatal consequ5ces4 #gh4 ,,v9es are a v important tribe ( %rubs1 to ! fruit ( :i* we are indebt$ = all our =eign w9es1 = rais9s ( e description1 & = ! dri$ currants ( ! %ops4 ,sev]al species ( v9e are cultivat$2 b by f> ! mo/ important ( ! :ole is ! common v9e 7,vitis v9if]a ( ,l9nu74 ,! e>lie/ introduction ( ! v9e into ! we/]n p>ts ( ,europe is /at$ to h be5 ab\t ! ye> #bhj1 "u ! sanction ( ,probus1 ! ,roman ,emp]or1 :o1 ?r\gh\t 8 :ole dom9ions1 0 a zeal\s enc\rag] ( agricultural pursuits4 ,!re c be no d\bt t v9es 7 anci5tly propagat$ 9 our own isl& = ! purpose ( w9e1 & t !re 7 v9ey>ds ( consid]able ext5t 9 ,gl\ce/]%ire1 ,hamp%ire1 & "s o!r c\nties2 b1 z v9es are pr9cipally f\nd to fl\ri% 9 inl& c\ntries1 ly+ betwixt ! ?irtie? & fifty-fir/ degrees ( latitude1 x is evid5t t !re c be no "p ( ,great ,brita9 suffici5tly adapt$ to _! successful cultivation4 ,any p]son :o has se5 a hop g>d51 may easily =m an idea ( ! appe>ance ( a v9ey>d4 ,v9es are usually propagat$ by slips1 cutt+s1 or (fsets f ! roots4 ,^!1 :5 !y h obta9$ a suffici5cy ( roots1 are transplant$ f ! nurs]y-gr\nd into ! v9ey>d1 ! soil ( :i* ought to be light & ri*4 ,!y are plac$1 9 ?is gr\nd1 9 r[s1 & at regul> int]vals1 leav+ space suffici5t = ! v9e-dress]s & ! reap]s to pass betwixt !m2 & z soon z ! root$ plants are ?ree ye>s old1 !y beg9 to be> fruit4 ,! season = prun+ & dress+ !m is ! e>ly "p ( ! ye>1 be=e ! sap beg9s to rise2 & ab\t ! "t :5 ! fl[]s appe>1 ! plants are fa/5$ to poles1 = ! purposes ( support+ !m1 ( prev5t+ !m f gr[+ entangl$ ) ea* o!r1 admitt+ a free circulation ( air among/ !m1 & af=d+ great] conv5i5ce = ga!r+ ! fruit4 ,! v9tage1 :i* is a season ( mir? & delight to ! :ole c\ntry1 comm5ces 9 ! e>ly "p ( autumn4 ,! villag]s assemble 9 ! respective v9ey>ds "u ! direction ( ov]se]s4 ,! reap+ ( ! grapes is1 9 g5]al1 p]=m$ 9 ?ree di/9ct ga!r+s4 ,! fir/ ( ^! compreh5ds all ! f9e/ & ripe/ bun*es1 c>efully cle>+ away f !m e grape t appe>s gre5 or decay$3 ! second is conf9$ to ! l>ge & ?ick clu/]s :i* are n s ripe z ! o!rs2 & ^? :i* are ne>ly gre51 )]$1 or decay$1 are ga!r$ la/4 ,to obta9 ! juice f ! grapes1 !y are subject$ to ! op]ation ( l>ge presses ( some:at simil> con/ruction to ! cyd] presses ( our own c\ntry 7! sep>ate ga!r+s be+ /ill kept ap>t71 & ! juice is receiv$ into vessels fix$ = t purpose4 ,aft]w>ds x und]goes ! necess>y f]m5tation to conv]t x into w9e4 ,by ! anci5ts ! juice 0 obta9$ by tread+ ! grapes4 ,?is practice is allud$ to 9 v>i\s p>ts ( ,scripture1 b p]haps 9 none are ! *>act]i/ics ( ! anci5t v9tage express$ m /rongly ?an 9 ! pr$ictions ( ,isaiah conc]n+ ,moab3 ,& gladness is tak5 away1 & joy out ( ! pl5tiful field2 & 9 ! v9ey>ds !re %all be no s++1 nei!r %all !re be any %\t+3 ! tread]s %all tread out no w9e 9 _! presses2 ,i h made _! v9tage-%\t+ to cease4 ,! tread+ ( grapes is /ill practis$ 9 sev]al p>ts ( ! _w4 ,! anci5ts frequ5tly kept _! w9e 9 sk9s1 or lea!rn bags1 well secur$ at ! seams2 h5ce ! passage 9 ! gospels2 nei!r d m5 put new w9e into old bottles2 else ! bottles break1 & ! w9e runne? out1 & ! bottles p]i%3 b !y put new w9e into new bottles1 & bo? are pres]v$4 ,! k9ds ( w9e are extremely v>i\s4 ,! diff]5ce :i* exi/s betwixt !m is n1 h[ev]1 s mu* ow+ to a di/9ction 9 ! species ( grapes1 z 9 ! quality ( ! fruit1 produc$ by ! v>ieties ( soil1 cultivation1 & climate to :i* !y are subject4 ,?is diff]5ce likewise dep5ds1 9 "s in/ances1 on ! peculi> mode ( f]m5tation1 & ! /ate ( ! grapes f :i* ! w9e is produc$4 7a7 ,,portuguese ,,w9es4--,( all ! k9ds ( w9e t are consum$ 9 ,engl&1 none are s mu* 9 reque/ z r$ port4 ,?is has its "n f ! city ( ,oporto1 9 ! neighb\rhood ( :i* ! v9es t produce x are *iefly cultivat$4 ,a great proportion1 h[ev]1 ( ! port t is consum$ 9 ,engl&1 is said to be mix$ ) a ,spani% r$ w9e ( inf]ior quality1 or to be o!rwise adult]at$4 ,r$ port is br\ght ov] 9 casks call$ pipes1 :i* measure #ach gallons ea*1 & ought to fill fifty-two doz5 bottles ( legal measure4 ,! diff]5ce 9 col\r betwixt r$ w9es & :ite does n s mu* dep5d ^u ! quality ( ! grape1 z ^u ! mode 9 :i* ! w9es are prep>$4 ,! juice ( r$ grapes1 if c>efully press$1 & f]m5t$ sep>ately f ! sk9s1 =ms a :ite w9e4 ,if ! sk9s be press$ s z to dis*>ge ! col\r+ matt] !y conta91 or1 if !y be all[$ to rema9 9 ! juice dur+ ! f]m5tation1 ! w9e assumes a r$ t+e4 ,:ite port1 & ,lisbon1 are two k9ds ( :ite w9e :i* we receive f ,portugal4 ,( ^!1 ! =m] 0 mu* 9 dem& "s ye>s ago1 b x is n[ seldom call$ =2 ! latt] is /ill 9 use4 7b7 ,,fr5* ,,w9es4--,_m excell5t w9es are produc$ 9 ,france4 ,t usually consid]$ ! be/ is ,burgundy1 a r$ w9e ( v delicate flav\r1 :i* has its "n f ! prov9ce :]e x is made4 ,! w9es ( ! neighb\rhood ( ,orleans1 h[ev]1 aft] hav+ be5 matur$ by age1 are mu* l ,burgundy4 ,cl>et is ! only ,fr5* r$ w9e = :i* !re is any great dem& 9 ,engl&4 ,x is ?9 & highly flav\r$1 & is *iefly suppli$ f ! neighb\rhood ( ,b\rdeaux4 ,"s ( ! r$ w9es ( ,*ampaigne are highly priz$ = _! excell5ce & delicacy1 ?\gh !y1 occasionally1 h a pung5t & s\ri% ta/e4 ,h]mitage is produc$ f v9ey>ds1 at a place s call$1 ne> ! village ( ,!91 on ! ea/]n bank ( ! ,rhone2 & ,cte ,rotie f v9ey>ds on ! opposite side ( ! riv]4 ,no ,fr5* :ite w9e has s mu* celebrity z ,*ampaigne4 ,?is is ( two k9ds2 "o ( :i*1 call$ /ill or quiet ,*ampaigne1 has gone ?r\gh ! :ole process ( f]m5tation2 ! o!r1 :i* has ! "n ( sp>kl+ ,*ampaigne1 has be5 bottl$ be=e ! f]m5tation 0 complete3 ?is1 consequ5tly1 proce$s sl[ly 9 ! bottle1 & causes ! w9e1 on ! draw+ ( ! cork1 to sp>kle 9 ! glass4 ,v9 de ,grave is produc$ 9 ! vic9ity ( ,b\rdeaux1 & ! l[] p>ts ( ,gascoigne3 ,pontac is made 9 ,gui5ne2 & ,frontignac & ,muscadel are :ite w9es1 ! delici\s productions ( ,langu$oc4 7c7 ,,spani% ,,w9es4--,! c\ntry ab\t ,x]es1 9 ,&alusia1 is celebrat$ = a grape :i* produces an excell5t w9e call$ ,%]ry4 ,!re are sev]al ,fr5* & ,engli% h\ses at ,x]es & ,seville :i* trade1 to great ext5t1 9 ?is w9e4 ,x is v /rong1 & full-bodi$1 ow+1 9 a great degree1 to ! quantity ( br&y ) :i* x is mix$4 ,9 ! prov9ce ( ,val5cia1 "s ( ! proprietors h w9es ( diff]5t k9ds1 sixty1 eighty1 & ev5 a hundr$ ye>s old1 ! prices ( :i* diff] accord+ to _! age4 ,rota1 9 ,seville1 produces a ri* & sweet :ite w9e2 & ! c\ntry ar\nd ,malaga1 ne> ,gibralt>1 is celebrat$ = :ite w9e :i* is kn[n by t "n2 & s assidu\sly is ! cultivation ( ! v9e !re pursu$1 t ! export ( ! produce ( ! v9ey>ds yields to ! inhabitants an annual rev5ue ( m ?an #bjj1jjjl4 /]l+ p] annum4 ,we import f ,spa9 a h>% & inf]ior k9d ( r$ w9e1 :i*1 duty free1 sells = only #ajl4 or #ael4 p] pipe ( #abf gallons2 b ! t]ritory ( ,alicant produces a v ri* & excell5t k9d ( r$ w9e4 ,! sweet r$ w9e :i* we call ,t5t is a ,spani% production2 *iefly import$ f ,cadiz1 & 9 hog%eads ( ab\t sixty gallons ea*4 ,x is made f ! juice ( a p>ticul> k9d ( grapes1 :i* are n us$ = ?is purpose until "s "t aft] !y h be5 p]fectly ripe4 7d7 ,,italian ,,w9es4--,not)/&+ ! anci5t celebrity ( _m ( ! w9es ( ,italy1 by f> ! great] "p ( :at are n[ manufactur$ 9 t c\ntry are ?9 & bad4 ,c]ta9 v9ey>ds on m\nt ,vesuvius1 h[ev]1 /ill h great celebrity = a lusci\s r$ w9e call$ ,la*ryma ,*ri/i4 7e7 ,,g]man ,,w9es4--,g]many produces _m excell5t w9es1 ( :i* ,tokay1 ,hock1 ,rh5i%1 & ,moselle1 are ! mo/ celebrat$4 ,tokay has its "n f a t[n 9 ,hung>y1 ne> :i* x is *iefly made4 ,! quantity ( ?is w9e is s small t1 ev5 on ! spot :]e x is manufactur$1 x is sold at a v high price4 ,x is made by mix+ ) ! common grapes a portion ( lusci\s1 half-dri$1 & %rivell$ grapes2 ! latt] be+ absolutely necess>y to con/itute ! peculi> quality ( ! w9e4 ,! two k9ds ( grapes are press$ sep>ately1 & ! juice is aft]w>ds mix$1 f]m5t$1 & /ra9$ ?r\gh a clo? or sieve into ! b>rels 9 :i* x is to cont9ue4 ,! be/ ,tokay does n long rema9 9 ! place :]e x is made1 a great portion ( x be+ s5t into ! cell>s ( ! nobility 9 o!r p>ts ( ,hung>y4 ,tokay is c]ta9ly a f9e w9e1 b is no way adequate to ! price = :i* x is sold4 ,sev]al ye>s ago x c\ld n be pur*as$1 ev5 9 ,hung>y1 = mu* less ?an half a gu9ea ( ,engli% money p] bottle2 & yet !re are few ,engli%m51 :o1 except on acc\nt ( its sc>c5ess1 w\ld pref] x to good ,cl>et or ,burgundy4 ,( all ! ,g]man w9es1 t :i* is 9 greate/ dem& 9 ,engl& is ,hock4 ,?is has its "n f ! t[n ( ,ho*/adt 9 ,suabia1 celebrat$ = a great battle :i* 0 f\ght 9 its neighb\rhood by ! ,fr5* & ! allies 9 #agjd4 ,rh5i% & ,moselle are produc$ *iefly on ! banks ( ! riv]s ,rh9e & ,moselle1 & h a cool1 %>p ta/e1 & consid]able /r5g?4 ,ant]ior to ! late w>s 9 ,g]many1 !re 7 w9es 9 ! cell>s ( _m ( ! noble & weal?y inhabitants ( t c\ntry :i* 7 m ?an a hundr$ ye>s old1 & ( su* body z to be un9jur$ ev5 by s great an age4 7f7 ,,madeira & ,,t5]iffe ,,w9es4--,to ! ,madeira & ,can>y isl&s we are indebt$ = "s excell5t :ite w9es4 ,( ^! ,madeira w9e is consid]$ by f> ! mo/ valuable1 p>ticul>ly aft] x has be5 rip5$ by conveyance into a hot climate4 ,! numb] ( pipes ( ,madeira annually made is ab\t #cj1jjj4 ,! grapes1 :5 ga!r$1 are put into wood5 vessels1 & ! juice is extract$ by p]sons tread+ ^u !m4 ,! ,can>y ,isl&s gave "n to a ri* :ite w9e1 :i* 0 =m]ly 9 great e/eem "u ! "n ( ,can>y sack1 & is n[ usually call$ ,malmsey ,madeira4 ,! g5u9e ,malmsey w9e1 :i* is ( sweet & lusci\s flav\r1 & ri* gold5 yell[ col\r1 is ! produce ( ,malvesia1 "o ( ! ,greek isl&s1 & !nce _h orig9ally its "n1 ! ,fr5* m]*ants d5om9at+ x ,v9 de ,malvesia3 b s little is n[ made t few p]sons c possess x4 ,t5]iffe w9e1 :5 two or ?ree ye>s old1 has mu* ! flav\r ( ,madeira1 b1 aft] ?is age1 x becomes s sweet & mell[1 z some:at to resemble ,malaga4 7g7 ,,cape ,,w9es4--,!re are produc$1 at ! ,cape ( ,good ,hope1 two k9ds ( peculi>ly ri*1 sweet1 & delicate w9e1 call$ r$ & :ite ,con/antia4 ,! f>m f :i* !y h _! "n is situat$ ab\t eight miles f ,cape ,t[n4 ,! grapes ( ?is f>m1 ow+1 z x is suppos$1 to "s peculi>ity 9 ! soil1 are sup]ior to any o!r 9 ! :ole c\ntry4 ,! v9tage comm5ces ab\t ,m>* or ,april2 & great c>e is tak5 9 ! manufacture ( ! w9e1 no fruit be+ us$ b su* z is fully ripe & 9 ! highe/ p]fection4 ,! annual produce is consid]$ to be ab\t sixty pipes ( ! r$1 & #ajj pipes ( ! :ite w9e4 ,con/antia is 9 p]fection :5 ab\t two ye>s old2 b1 :5 kept six or sev5 ye>s1 x sp>kles 9 ! glass some:at l w9e :i* has n und]gone a p]fect f]m5tation4 ,:at is d5om9at$ ,cape ,madeira is a light k9d ( :ite w9e1 ! produce ( ! ,cape ( ,good ,hope4 ,consid]able quantities ( ?is w9e are n[ consum$ 9 ,engl&1 9 consequ5ce ( ! l[ness ( its price4 ,?is is ow+ to its pay+ to gov]nm5t only "o-?ird "p ( ! duty :i* is impos$ on mo/ o!r w9es4 ,! juice ( unripe grapes has a h>%1 s\r1 & r\gh ta/e4 ,?is1 "u ! "n ( v]juice1 0 =m]ly mu* e/eem$ = cul9>y & o!r purposes4 ,! "y twigs ( ! v9e1 :5 dri$1 cut into small pieces1 & moi/5$ ) wat]1 af=d a :olesome food = cattle & horses4 ,! leaves & t5drils h an a/r+5t ta/e1 :i* x is probable !y w\ld imp>t to ,briti% made w9es1 & ?us r5d] !m some:at simil> to =eign w9es4 ,! wood ( ! v9e1 r$uc$ to *>coal1 is us$ by pa9t]s = draw+ outl9es2 &1 f ! se$s or /ones1 a k9d ( oil is sometimes made1 :i* c sc>cely be di/+ui%$ f olive oil4 ,^! /ones1 :5 purifi$1 mod]ately roa/$1 & gr\nd to a co>se p[d]1 =m a tol]able sub/itute = *ocolate4 ,br&y is a spiritu\s liquor1 produc$ by ! di/illation ( w9e2 & prep>$ 9 mo/ ( ! w9e c\ntries ( ,europe4 ,! pr9cipal manufactories ( ?is _s are 9 ,france1 p>ticul>ly 9 ,langu$oc1 & ,anj\1 :5ce comes ! well-kn[n ,cognac br&y4 ,! di/ill]ies ( br&y 9 ,catalonia1 9 ,spa91 are s ext5sive z to yield m ?an #ce1jjj pipes p] annum4 ,:5 br&y fir/ issues f ! /ill1 x is col\rless z wat]2 & ! col\r1 :i* is giv5 to x by ! m]*ants1 is produc$ p>tly by ! oak5 casks 9 :i* x is kept1 b *iefly by ! addition ( r$ saund]s wood1 burnt sug>1 & o!r col\r+ matt]s4 ,^!1 h[ev]1 d n 9 ! lea/ affect ! quality ( ! _s4 ,9 addition to ! prec$+ uses ( ! v9e1 we h to add ^? ( its fruit 9 a rec5t /ate1 call$ grapes1 z a delici\s addition to our dess]ts2 & ( ?is fruit1 9 a dri$ /ate1 "u ! appellation ( rais9s & currants4 ,rais9s are grapes :i* h be5 suff]$ to rema9 on ! trees until !y are p]fectly ripe1 & h be5 dri$4 ,!y are occasionally dri$ 9 ov5s4 ,sometimes ! clu/]s1 be+ ti$ sev]al toge!r1 are dipp$ 9 a ley ( ! a%es ( rosem>y & v9e bran*es1 ) a c]ta9 portion ( slak$ lime1 & are !n dri$ by exposure to ! sun4 ,! be/ fruit ( ?is description are ! sun1 & j> rais9s2 bo? ( :i* are dri$ 9 ! sun1 )\t any prep>ation4 ,^! are import$ f ! s\!rn c\ntries ( ,europe2 & also f ! ,asiatic prov9ces ( ,turkey4 ,!y are pr9cipally us$ = dess]ts1 :il/ ,malaga rais9s1 & "s o!r k9ds1 are employ$ = cul9>y purposes & ! mak+ ( w9e4 #gi4 ,! ,,currants ( comm]ce are a small k9d ( rais9s1 or dri$ grapes1 :i* are produc$ 9 ! ,grecian ,ar*ipelago1 & p>ticul>ly 9 ! isl&s ( ,zante & ,cephalonia4 ,! *ief plantation ( ^! grapes 0 anci5tly 9 ! i/hmus ( ,cor9?1 :5ce !y obta9$ ! "n ( ,cor9?s1 s9ce corrupt$ to currants1 ,few1 h[ev]1 are n[ produc$ !re1 ! v9ey>ds hav+ be5 neglect$ 9 consequ5ce ( ! jeal\sy ( ! ,turks n all[+ l>ge vessels to ent] ! gulf = _! exportation4 ,^! grapes h no /ones1 are usually ei!r ( a r$ or black col\r1 & :5 rec5tly ga!r$1 are an extremely delici\s fruit4 ,! h>ve/ comm5ces 9 ! mon? ( ,augu/1 & z soon z ! grapes are pluck$ f ! trees1 !y are spread to dry1 ^u a floor prep>$ = ! purpose by /amp+ ! e>? q h>d4 ,?is floor is =m$ ) a g5tle ris+ 9 ! middle1 t ! ra91 9 case any %\ld fall1 may run (f1 & n injure ! fruit4 ,:5 suffici5tly dry1 ! currants are clean$1 & laid up 9 magaz9es1 be+ p\r$ into !m ?r\gh a hole1 & /[$ s closely t x is necess>y to dig !m out ) an iron in/rum5t4 ,!y are pack$ = exportation 9 l>ge casks1 & by p]sons :o h _! feet greas$ 9 ord] to tread !m close4 ,! pr9cipal consumption ( currants is 9 ,engl&2 b ! inhabitants ( ! isl&s :5ce !y are br\ght "k little ( ! use we make ( !m4 ,!y imag9e t we employ !m only 9 ! dye+ ( clo?1 & are entirely ignorant ( our luxury ( ,*ri/mas pies1 & plum pudd+s4 ,a small b inf]ior k9d ( currants are gr[n 9 "s p>ts ( ,spa94 ,,digynia4 #hj4 ,,beet 7,beta vulg>is7 is a well kn[n fle%y or succul5t root1 :i* is cultivat$ 9 our kit*5 g>d5s1 & gr[s wild 9 sev]al c\ntries ( ! s\? ( ,europe4 ,!re are two pr9cipal v>ieties ( beet1 "o ( :i* is ( deep r$ or purple col\r1 & ! o!r is :ite1 cross$ ) b&s ( r$4 ,r$ beet is pr9cipally us$ at table boil$ & cut 9 slices3 x is1 h[ev]1 sometimes pickl$1 & sometimes /ew$ ) onions2 b1 if eat5 9 great quantity1 x is said to be injuri\s to ! /oma*4 ,! roots may be tak5 out ( ! gr\nd = use ab\t ! end ( ,augu/1 b !y d n atta9 _! full size & p]fection till ! mon? ( ,octob]4 ,:5 good !y are l>ge1 & ( deep r$ col\r2 &1 :5 boil$1 !y are t5d]1 sweet1 & palatable4 ,x has lately be5 asc]ta9$ t beet roots may be sub/itut$ = malt1 if depriv$ ( ! great] "p ( _! juice by pressure1 !n dri$1 & treat$ 9 ! same mann] z ! gra9 int5d$ = brew+4 ,! be]1 made f beet1 has be5 f\nd p]fectly :olesome & palatable1 & little inf]ior to t prep>$ f malt4 ,f :ite beet ! ,fr5*1 dur+ ! late w>1 endeav\r$ to prep>e sug>2 t article1 z a ,briti% colonial produce1 hav+ be5 prohibit$ 9 ,france4 ,= ?is purpose1 ! roots 7 boil$ z soon z possible aft] !y 7 tak5 f ! e>?4 ,:5 cold1 !y 7 slic$1 & aft]w>ds ! juice 0 press$ out1 & evaporat$ to ! consi/5ce ( syrup4 ,! sug> 0 obta9$1 f ?is syrup1 by cry/allization4 ,f #aaj p\nds' weight ( ! roots1 #da p\nds ( juice 7 obta9$1 :i*1 on fur!r evaporation1 yield$ some:at m ?an #d p\nds ( br[n sug>2 & ^!1 by a subsequ5t op]ation1 produc$ f\r p\nds ( well gra9$ :ite p[d] sug>4 ,! residuum1 toge!r ) ! syrup or molasses :i* rema9$1 produc$ aft] di/illation1 #c qu>ts ( rectifi$ _s1 some:at simil> to rum4 #ha4 ,,mangel ,,wurzel or ,,root ,,( ,,sc>city1 is a plant ( ! beet tribe 7a v>iety ( ,beta cicla7 ) l>ge & r$ ve9$ leaves2 ^? aris+ f ! root be+ on foot/alks1 & ^? ( ! /em be+ )\t /alks1 & ! fl[]s gr[+ 9 ?rees4 ,! f>m]s1 9 "s p>ts ( ,g]many1 cultivate ?is plant z food = cattle1 & !y are said to pref] x1 = t use1 to potatoes1 turnips1 c>rots1 & inde$ to mo/ o!r vegetables4 ,x 0 introduc$ to ! public notice 9 ,engl&1 by ! late ,dr4 ,lettsom2 & x has be5 /rongly recomm5d$1 n only = ! fe$+ ( cattle1 b also = ! use ( man4 ,bo? ! leaves & root gr[ to v l>ge size2 & ! =m]1 :i* may be eat5 z sp9a*1 cont9ue 9 season long aft] t plant is )]$4 ,! root is insipid & unpalatable2 b ! /alks1 & ! /rong] middle "p ( ! leaves1 may be /ew$1 or eat5 pla9-boil$1 z asp>agus4 #hb4 ,,b>illa is ! ,spani% "n ( a plant 7,salsola soda7 f ! a%es ( :i* is produc$ ! salt call$ kali or soda4 ,soda is also procur$ f ! a%es ( ,,prickly ,,saltwort 7,salsola kali71 ,,%rubby ,,saltwort 7,salsola fructicosa71 & num]\s plants ( o!r tribes4 ,on ! %ores ( ! ,m$it]ranean1 :]e ! prep>ation ( soda is pursu$ to consid]able ext5t1 ! se$s ( ! plants f :i* x is obta9$ are regul>ly s[n 9 places ne> ! sea4 ,:5 at a suffici5t /ate ( maturity1 ! plants are pull$ up by ! roots1 dri$1 & aft]w>ds ti$ 9 bundles to be burnt4 ,9 "s places1 ?is is done 9 ov5s con/ruct$ = ! purpose2 & 9 o!rs1 9 tr5*es dug ne> ! sea4 ,! a%es1 :il/ !y are hot1 are cont9ually /irr$ ) long poles1 & ! sal9e matt] !y conta9 =ms1 :5 cold1 a solid mass1 almo/ z h>d z /one4 ,?is mass is aft]w>ds brok5 into pieces ( conv5i5t size = exportation4 ,! be/ sort ( ,spani% soda is 9 d>k-col\r$ masses ( blui% t+e1 v heavy1 sonor\s1 dry to ! t\*1 & x ext]nally ab\nds 9 small cavities4 ,its ta/e is %>p1 corrosive1 & /rongly sal9e4 ,soda is *iefly employ$ 9 glass & soap manufactories4 ,see ! uses ( m9]als1 ,vol4 i4 ,no4 #bjj4 #hc4 ,,elms are =e/-trees well kn[n 9 almo/ e "p ( ,engl&4 ,!re are sev]al species1 ( :i*1 h[ev]1 only ?ree1 ! ,,common ,,elm 7,ulmus campe/ris1 ,fig4 #fa17 ,,wy* ,,hazel1 or ,,broad-,,leav$ ,,elm 7,ulmus montana1 ,fig4 #fb17 & ,,dut* ,,elm 7,ulmus sub]osa71 gr[ 9 ?is c\ntry )\t cultivation4 ,!y are easily di/+ui%able f mo/ o!r =e/-trees1 by _! leaves be+ r\gh1 & d\bly s]rat$ at ! edge4 ,( ^! trees ! fl[]s ( ! fir/ are f\r-cleft1 & h ea* f\r /am5s1 & ! fruit is oblong3 ^? ( ! second are five or six cleft1 & h ea* five or six /am5s1 ! fruit is r\ndi%1 & ! leaves are broad2 ^? ( ! ?ird are f\r-cleft1 & h f\r /am5s1 & ! b>k ( ! bran*es has a corky appe>ance4 ,! ,dut* elm is gr[n 9 mo/ p>ts ( ,engl&4 ,! common elm1 ?\gh pl5tiful 9 ,worce/]%ire1 ,middlesex1 & "s o!r s\!rn c\nties1 is said to be r>e fur!r nor? ?an ,gran?am or ,/am=d4 ,! wy* hazel is common 9 woods & h$ges ?r\gh\t ! :ole ( ,s\? ,brita94 ,! use ( ! elm z timb] is *iefly conf9$ to r\gh & inf]ior "w4 ,implem5ts ( husb&ry are almo/ :olly made ( x2 & x is employ$ = waggons1 c>ts1 mill-:eels1 wat]-pipes1 l[-pric$ *airs1 blocks = hat-mak]s1 & v>i\s o!r purposes2 & among ! l[] & middl+ classes1 almo/ exclusively1 = c(f9s4 ,! pref]5ce :i* x has obta9$ = ! latt] purpose1 is suppos$ to h orig9at$ 9 its peculi> durability 9 moi/ situations4 ,"s ( ! nor!rn writ]s /ate t1 f ! inn] b>k ( ! elm1 if /ripp$ (f 9 ! spr+1 & boil$ 9 wat]1 a v palatable k9d ( be] may be brew$2 & t ?is b>k1 dri$ & gr\nd to p[d]1 has1 9 times ( sc>city1 be5 mix$ ) meal to make bread4 ,x is occasionally adm9i/]$ z a decoction = ob/9ate cutane\s compla9ts2 & x has be5 propos$ = use 9 rheumatism1 dropsy1 & o!r diseases4 ,! "y leaves may be us$ = ! fe$+ ( silk-worms4 ,few trees are bett] adapt$ ?an ! elm = plant+ 9 h$ge r[s1 along ! sides ( roads1 & along %ady walks2 b 9 ! latt] case ! num]\s suck]s :i* gr[ up f its roots give mu* tr\ble to keep ! gr\nd cle>4 #hd4 ,,g5tian is a bitt] drug1 ! dri$ root ( a plant 7,g5tiana lutea7 :i* gr[s wild among/ ! ,alps1 & 9 o!r m\nta9\s p>ts ( ! ,cont95t4 ,! fl[]-/em ( ! g5tian is two or ?ree feet high1 /rong1 smoo?1 & erect4 ,! leaves :i* gr[ ^u its l[] "p are spe>-%ap$ & ribb$1 & ^? on ! upp] "p are concave1 smoo?1 & egg-%ap$4 ,! fl[]s1 :i* are l>ge & yell[1 gr[ r\nd ! upp] "p ( ! /em on /rong foot/alks1 & are divid$ at ! edge into five or m segm5ts4 ,! calyx is a k9d ( %ea?4 ,g5tian is "o ( ! pr9cipal bitt]s t are n[ us$ 9 m$ic9e2 & is ( consid]able s]vice 9 fev]s1 & 9 su* compla9ts z arise f weakness ( ! /oma*4 ,x is ext]nally ( a br[n col\r1 & int]nally yell[i% or bright r$4 ,its ta/e is at fir/ sweeti%1 b imm$iately aft]w>ds bitt] & pung5t4 ,z a simple bitt]1 x is r5d]$ m grateful to ! /oma* by ! addition ( "s w>m aromatic2 &1 = ?is purpose1 orange-peel is commonly employ$4 ,an extract ( g5tian root1 boil$ ) wat] till x has ne>ly ! consi/5ce ( honey1 is kept 9 ! %ops4 #he4 ,,g>d5 ,,c>rot 7,daucus c>ota7 is a plant too well kn[n to ne$ any description4 ,9 few vegetable productions are ! effects ( cultivation m conspicu\s ?an 9 ! c>rot4 ,! wild plants1 :i* are common 9 mo/ p>ts ( ,engl&1 h a root s small & woody1 t no "o c\ld suppose !y _h any alliance :atev] to ! l>ge & succul5t root ( ! g>d5 c>rot4 ,! v>i\s uses ( ! c>rot 9 cook]y are well kn[n4 ,b1 al?\gh x conta9s mu* nutrim5t1 ?is root is difficult ( dige/ion2 p>ticul>ly if eat5 raw1 or imp]fectly boil$4 ,c>rots are an excell5t fodd] = cattle & horses1 ei!r alone or mix$ ) hay2 &1 if giv5 to c[s1 9 w9t] or ! e>ly "p ( spr+1 !y are said to cause a great increase ( milk4 ,if c>rots be boil$ ) _! wa%1 hogs w ?rive well ^u !m4 ,9 "s p>ts ( ,engl& ?is vegetable has be5 cultivat$ z a w9t] food = de]2 & ! leaves h sometimes be5 made into hay4 ,c>rots conta9 a l>ge proportion ( sac*>9e matt]1 & v>i\s b unsuccessful exp]im5ts h be5 made to extract sug> f !m4 ,!y h1 h[ev]1 be5 m advantage\sly employ$ 9 di/illation4 ,t5 p\nds' weight ( c>rots w yield ab\t half a p9t ( v /rong1 ard5t _s3 & ! c>rots 7tw5ty tons 9 weight7 produc$ by an acre ( gr\nd1 h be5 kn[n to produce #bdj gallons ( _s4 ,a syrup made ( ^! roots1 & cl>ifi$ ) ! :ite ( eggs1 has be5 f\nd useful = _m purposes4 ,an infusion ( ! se$s & ! express$ juice ( ! roots1 are said to af=d relief 9 fits ( ! gravel4 ,a m>malade ( c>rots has be5 us$ ) success 9 sea-scurvy1 & a p\ltice prep>$ f !m is sometimes employ$ 9 canc]\s ulc]s4 ,crickets are s fond ( ^! roots t !y may easily be de/roy$ by mak+ a pa/e ( fl\r1 p[d]$ ars5ic1 & scrap$ c>rots1 & plac+ ?is ne> _! habitations4 #hf4 ,,rock ,,samphire 7,cri?mum m>itimum7 is an umbellif]\s plant1 ) fle%y1 spe>-%ap$ leaflets1 & small b regul>-%ap$ :ite fl[]s4 ,! cliffs ( ,dov] h long be5 celebrat$ = ! production ( ?is vegetable1 :i* has receiv$ an additional int]e/ f ! notice t ,%akspe>e has tak5 ( ! ga!r+ ( x3 ,half-way d[n ,hangs "o t ga!rs samphire2 dreadful trade6 ,x is also f\nd on cliffs ( o!r p>ts ( ! s\? ( ,engl&1 z well z 9 ,italy1 ,france1 & ,spa92 & g5]ally 9 inaccessible situations4 ,9 "s p>ts ( ,engl& ! leaves ( samphire pickl$ 9 v9eg> are 9 use = ! table3 !y are also us$ 9 salads1 & = o!r cul9>y purposes4 ,b _! place is frequ5tly suppli$ by a mu* m common plant1 :i* gr[s 9 salt m>%es1 & has ! "n ( m>% samphire 7,salicornia74 ,?is1 h[ev]1 is a v inf]ior sub/itute1 & entirely de/itute ( ! f9e aromatic flav\r ( ! =m] species4 #hg4 ,,asafoetida is a res9\s gum1 procur$ f ! root ( a l>ge umbellif]\s plant 7,f]ula asafoetida7 :i* gr[s 9 ! m\nta9s ( "s p>ts ( ,p]sia4 ,! leaves ( ?is plant are ne>ly two feet long1 d\bly w+$1 & h ! leaflets alt]nate4 ,! fl[]s are small1 & ! se$s oval1 flat1 & ea* m>k$ ) ?ree longitud9al l9es4 ,no "o :o has ev] smelt ! peculi>ly p[]ful1 & g>lic-l od\r ( asafoetida1 c well =get x4 ,if expos$ to ! air1 b p>ticul>ly :5 heat$1 x w p]vade e ap>tm5t ( a h\se4 ,not)/&+ ?is1 x con/itutes a fav\rite season+1 = food1 ) ! inhabitants ( _m ( ! ea/]n c\ntries ( ! _w4 ,! ,banian ,indians1 :o nev] eat animal food1 use x 9 almo/ all _! di%es2 &1 be=e _! meals1 !y ev5 rub _! m\?s ) x1 to /imulate _! appetite4 ,x is sometimes us$ by our own cooks1 b 9 v small quantity1 9 place ( g>lic4 ,9 _m p>ts ( ,arabia & ,p]sia1 asafoetida is mu* e/eem$ z a rem$y = int]nal diseases1 & ev5 z an ext]nal application to w\nds2 &1 ) u1 x is consid]$ a p[]ful m$ic9e 9 sev]al disord]s4 ,x has be5 appli$ ) success1 9 ! cure ( hoop+-c\gh & worms2 & 9 flatul5t colics1 x has1 9 _m cases1 af=d$ great relief4 ,x is import$ 9 masses ( v>i\s sizes & =m1 & ( yell[1 br[n1 or blui% col\r1 sometimes int]sp]s$ ) r\ndi% :ite pieces4 ,! plant f ! root ( :i* asafoetida is produc$ gr[s 9 ! m\nta9s :i* surr\nd ! small t[n ( ,disgnun1 9 ,p]sia2 &1 at ! season :5 x is collect$1 ! :ole place smells ( x4 ,! upp] "p ( ! roots1 :i* are sometimes z ?ick z a man's leg1 rises some:at above ! surface ( ! gr\nd4 ,! h>ve/ comm5ces :5 ! leaves beg9 to decay2 & ! :ole ga!r+ is p]=m$ by ! inhabitants ( ! place1 9 f\r diff]5t j\rneys to ! m\nta9s4 ,! dem& = ! article 9 =eign c\ntries be+ fir/ asc]ta9$ to be suffici5t = ! tr\ble ( collect+1 ! p]sons employ$ proce$ to ! m\nta9s 9 companies ( f\r or five ea*4 ,! juice is obta9$ by cutt+ ! roots across1 at ! same "t %elt]+ !m by ! leaves 7:i* h be5 previ\sly twi/$ (f7 f ! int5se heat ( ! sun4 ,ea* p>ty takes into its c>e ab\t #bjjj plants4 ,aft] ! fir/ incision has be5 made1 ! roots are suff]$ to rema9 unt\*$ = ab\t a mon?1 :5 !y are aga9 visit$1 & ! gum :i* has exud$ is tak5 (f4 ,?is op]ation is repeat$ ?ree times1 a few days betwixt ea*2 aft] :i* ! plants are exhau/$ & left to die4 ,at ! respective ga!r+s ea* p>ty g5]ally br+s away ab\t fifty p\nds' weight ( asafoetida4 ,x is /at$ t a s+le %ip is exclusively devot$ to transport+ ! bulk ( ?is commodity to ! ports 9 ! ,p]sian ,gulf2 & t1 :5 small] p>cels are c>ri$1 x is usual to tie !m to ! top ( ! ma/4 ,9 ! ye> #aghd1 ! asafoetida plant 0 introduc$ into ! ,botanic g>d5 at ,ed9burgh1 f se$s :i* _h be5 s5t by ,dr4 ,gu?rie ( ,pet]sburgh to ,dr4 ,hope4 ,! f]ula tribe consi/s ( n9e or t5 kn[n species ( plants1 & x is suppos$ t asafoetida is yield$ by sev]al ( !m4 ,9 "s p>ts ( ! ,levant ! sailors are said to use ! /alks ( a species ( f]ula to transport fire f "o isl& to ano!r4 ,?is cu/om is ( great antiquity1 & expla9s a passage ( ,hesiod1 :o1 speak+ ( ! fire /ol5 f heav5 by ,prome!us1 says t he c>ri$ x 9 a f]ula4 ,! f\ndation ( ?is fable is und\bt$ly ow+ to :at ,diodorus ,siculus in=ms u ( ,prome!us1 t he 0 ! inv5tor ( ! /eel ) :i* fire is /ruck f fl9t2 & 9 all probability t pr9ce made use ( ! pi? ( ! f]ula in/ead ( t9d]1 to convey x f "o place to ano!r4 #hh4 ,,cori&] is a small globul> se$1 produc$ by an annual umbellif]\s plant 7,cori&rum sativum71 ) leaves 9 sl5d] segm5ts1 & small :iti% fl[]s1 t gr[s wild 9 ,suffolk & ,essex1 & is cultivat$ 9 sev]al p>ts ( ,engl&4 ,9 sev]al f>ms 9 ,essex & ,k5t ! cultivation ( cori&] is pursu$ to consid]able ext5t4 ,?is is done solely = ! se$1 :i* is us$ by di/ill]s1 druggi/s1 & confection]s4 ,9 "s p>ts ( ! ,nor? ( ,europe x is gr\nd & mix$ ) d\gh1 to give an aromatic flav\r to bread4 ,cori&] is usually gr[n ) teasel 7#ec7 & c>away 7#ia72 b1 z nei!r ( ! latt] come to p]fection until ! second ye> aft] !y h be5 s[n1 ! cori&] is h>ve/$ )\t int]f]+ ) ! o!r crops4 ,9 ?is lab\r1 :i* usually comm5ces ab\t ! beg9n+ ( ,july1 wom5 & *ildr5 are pr9cipally employ$3 &1 to prev5t ! se$s ( ! l>ge/ & be/ plants f be+ %$ & lo/1 ea* /em is cut sep>ately4 ,! /ems are !n c>ri$ into "s conv5i5t "p ( ! field1 & ?re%$ all toge!r ^u a sail clo?4 ,s luxuriantly1 &1 at ! same "t1 s abundantly does ?is plant gr[ 9 a wild /ate1 9 "s ( ! s\!rn p>ts ( ,europe1 z almo/ to *oke ! gr[? ( :eat & o!r gra94 ,e "p ( x1 except ! se$1 has a fetid & disagreeable smell4 ,! se$s1 :5 tak5 9 l>ge quantities1 h be5 consid]$ injuri\s2 b ,dr4 ,)]+ /ates1 t he has kn[n six drams ( !m tak5 )\t any rem>kable effect4 #hi4 ,,p>snip is ! root ( an umbellif]\s plant 7,pa/9aca sativa71 ) w+$ & s]rat$ leaves1 & small yell[ fl[]s1 :i* is cultivat$ 9 kit*5 g>d5s1 & :i* also gr[s wild on ! bord]s ( pl\gh$ fields 9 sev]al p>ts ( ,engl&4 ,! wild & cultivat$ p>snips diff] mu* f ea* o!r1 b p>ticul>ly 9 ! roots ( ! latt] be+ l>ge & succul5t1 & ^? ( ! =m] be+ sl5d] & woody4 ,p>snips are propagat$ by se$ s[n 9 ,febru>y or ,m>*1 & ! roots are 9 p]fection ab\t ,octob]4 ,^!1 besides _! use z a vegetable = ! table1 are ( great value = ! fe$+ ( cattle1 horses1 %eep1 & hogs4 ,l& 9 ,gu]nsey1 :i* lets = #gl4 an acre1 is s[n ) p>snips to fe$ cattle2 & ! milk ( ! c[s s f$ is n only ri*] ?an x w\ld o!rwise be1 b yields butt] ( f9e saffron col\r & excell5t ta/e4 ,if p>snips be wa%$ clean1 & slic$ among bran1 horses w eat !m4 ,!y w fatt5 %eep & ox5 9 a %ort "t2 & = ! fe$+ ( hogs !y are at lea/ equal if n sup]ior to c>rots4 ,z food = mank9d !y are consid]$ extremely nutritive2 & may1 ) great advantage1 be kept on bo>d %ips t are de/9$ = long voyages4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 said t !y %\ld n be dug up = use 9 ! spr+1 because1 at t season1 ! nutritive juices ris+ upw>d to produce ! se$1 !y are !n un:olesome4 ,p>snips ab\nd 9 sac*>9e juice2 & v>i\s exp]im5ts h1 9 va91 be5 made ) a view to extract sug> f !m4 ,9 sev]al p>ts ( ,irel& !y are us$ in/ead ( malt 9 brew+2 &1 :5 prop]ly f]m5t$1 !y af=d an agreeable bev]age4 ,! se$s are consid]$ by "s practition]s z an efficaci\s rem$y 9 int]mitt5t fev]s4 #ij4 ,,f5nel 7,ane?um fo5iculum7 is a well kn[n plant1 :i* is cultivat$ 9 g>d5s1 & gr[s wild 9 sev]al p>ts ( ,engl&4 ,! leaves ( f5nel1 bo? boil$ & raw1 are us$ 9 sauce = sev]al k9ds ( fi%4 ,! t5d] buds are eat5 9 salads2 &1 9 ,italy1 ! /alks are sometimes blan*$ z w9t] salad4 ,a di/ill$ wat]1 prep>$ f ! se$s1 is occasionally adm9i/]$ z a m$ic9e2 & !re 0 =m]ly a notion t ! roots 7 peculi>ly valuable1 z a rem$y 9 sev]al diseases1 b !y are n[ almo/ :olly disreg>d$4 #ia4 ,,c>away is a small well kn[n se$1 produc$ by an umbellif]\s plant 7,c>um c>ui71 ) smoo? & d\ble w+$ leaves1 n>r[ leaflets1 & small :ite1 or pale fle%-col\r$ fl[]s1 ( :i* ! petals are b5t inw>d1 s z to become he>t-%ap$4 ,! se$s ( c>away h a pleasant spicy smell1 & a w>m aromatic ta/e4 ,!y are mu* us$ by pa/ry-cooks & confection]s 9 cakes1 & = o!r purposes4 ,incru/$ ) sug>1 !y are call$ c>away comfits4 ,!y are also di/ill$ ) spiritu\s liquors1 to improve _! flav\r2 & are recomm5d$ z a m$ic9e 9 sev]al disord]s4 ,an ess5tial oil & a _s are also prep>$ f !m4 ,9 ! spr+ ( ! ye> ! leaves are sometimes us$ 9 s\ps1 or boil$ ) pot-h]bs4 ,! roots may be conv]t$ into an agreeable pickle2 &1 if simply boil$1 !y are said by ,p>k9son to be bett] ?an p>snips4 ,?is plant gr[s wild 9 sev]al p>ts ( ,engl&1 b p>ticul>ly 9 mead[s & pa/ures ne> ,bury ,/4 ,edmunds1 9 ,suffolk4 ,x is mu* cultivat$ 9 ,essex & ,k5t1 sometimes alone1 & sometimes mix$ ) teasel 7#ec7 & cori&] 7#hh74 ,! season = cutt+ x is ab\t ! beg9n+ ( ,july2 & x is ?re%$ 9 ! field on a clo?1 9 ! same mann] z rape-se$ 7#ahg74 #ib4 ,,anise-,,se$s are ! production ( an umbellif]\s annual plant 7,pimp9ella anisum71 :i* gr[s wild 9 ,egypt1 ,syria1 & o!r ,ea/]n c\ntries4 ,!y are r\ndi% & /riat$1 flatt$ on "o side1 & po9t$ at "o end2 & ( pale col\r1 incl9+ to gre54 ,attempts 7 made m ?an two hundr$ ye>s ago to cultivate anise 9 ?is c\ntry1 b ! summ]s ( our climate are seldom w>m en\gh to br+ ! plant to p]fection4 ,x has consequ5tly be5 f\nd necess>y to import ! se$ f ,malta & ,spa91 :]e x is cultivat$ to consid]able ext5t4 ,anise-se$s h an aromatic smell1 & a pleasant w>m ta/e1 accompani$ ) "s degree ( sweetness4 ,!y h long be5 employ$ 9 m$ic9e1 & h be5 consid]$ useful 9 diseases ( ! lungs & compla9ts ( ! /oma*4 ,!y give out all _! virtue to rectifi$ _s2 & a spiritu\s wat] prep>$ f a mixture ( equal p>ts ( anise-se$ & angelica1 is kept 9 ! %ops z a cordial4 #ic4 ,,p>sley 7,apium petrosel9um7 is an annual umbellif]\s plant too common to ne$ any description4 ,! uses ( p>sley1 9 our kit*5s1 bo? = sauce & g>ni%1 are num]\s & well kn[n4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 poison\s to sev]al k9ds ( birds2 &1 al?\gh s commonly us$ at table1 facts h be5 adduc$ f :i* x w\ld appe> t1 ) "s p]sons1 x occasions epilepsy1 or at lea/ aggravates ! fits 9 ^? :o are subject to t disease4 ,inflammation 9 ! eyes has also be5 attribut$ to ! use ( x4 ,p>sley is eat5 ) great avidity by %eep1 & has be5 recomm5d$ = use 9 sev]al diseases ( ^? animals1 z well z 9 "s diseases ( horses4 ,bo? ! roots & se$ are employ$ 9 m$ic9e4 ,! =m] h a sweeti% ta/e1 accompani$ ) a slight w>m?1 & a flav\r some:at resembl+ t ( ! c>rot3 ! latt] are w>m & aromatic4 ,p>sley is a native ( ,s>d9ia1 & propagat$ by se$1 :i* is usually s[n ab\t ! mon? ( ,m>*4 #id4 ,,cel]y 7,apium graveol5s7 is a well kn[n plant belong+ to ! same tribe z p>sley4 ,9 a wild /ate cel]y is f\nd 9 dit*es & m>%es ( sev]al p>ts ( ,engl&1 & is a small1 acrid1 & noxi\s plant1 call$ smallage3 b1 :5 cultivat$1 x entirely loses ^! prop]ties4 ,x is gr[n 9 tr5*es1 & is e>!d up = ! purpose ( blan*+ or :it5+ ! l[] p>ts4 ,! se$s are s[n 9 spr+1 & ! plants may be tak5 out = use t[>ds ! end ( ! autumn4 ,cel]y is eat5 raw 9 salads1 boil$ 9 s\p1 or /ew$4 ,! se$s are us$1 p>ticul>ly at sea1 = ! flav\r+ ( s\p1 to :i* !y give ! same ta/e z ! plant itself4 #ie4 ,,copal is a some:at res9\s sub/ance1 obta9$ f a tree 7,rhus copall9um7 ! produce ( ,am]ica1 :i* has w+$ & v entire leaves1 ! foot-/alks membranace\s & jo9t$4 ,we annually import consid]able quantities ( copal f ! ,spani% colonies 9 ,am]ica1 9 irregul> masses1 "s ( :i* are transp>5t1 ( yell[i% or br[n col\r1 & o!rs are :iti% & semi-transp>5t4 ,:5 copal is dissolv$ 9 any volatile liquid1 & ?9ly spread ^u wood1 metal1 or any o!r firm sub/ance1 s t ! liquid may evaporate1 ! copal rema9s p]fectly transp>5t2 & =ms "o ( ! mo/ beautiful & p]fect v>ni%es t c be imag9$4 ,! v>ni% ?us =m$ has ! "n ( copal v>ni%1 & is said to h be5 fir/ discov]$ 9 ,france4 ,"o mode ( prep>+ x is by melt+ ! copal ) an equal quantity ( l9se$ oil 7#ig72 ano!r1 by mixture ) oil ( turp5t9e2 & a ?ird1 by mixture ) alcohol or _s ( w9e4 ,! p>ticul> processes are describ$ 9 ! f\r? volume ( ,dr4 ,?omson's ,sy/em ( ,*emi/ry1 fif? edition2 b !y are too long & intricate = ins]tion "h4 ,copal is ! v>ni% :i* is *iefly us$ 9 ! japann+ ( snuff-boxes1 tea-bo>ds1 & o!r simil> articles4 ,,trigynia4 #if4 ,! ,,common ,,eld] 7,sambucus nigra7 is a wild ,engli% %rub1 di/+ui%able by its w+$ leaves1 ) s]rat$ & some:at oval leaflets1 its clu/]s ( small :ite fl[]s divid$ into five pr9cipal bran*es1 & ! small black or purple b]ries by :i* ^! are succe$$4 ,! uses ( ! eld] are m num]\s ?an ^? ( mo/ o!r %rubs4 ,!re is sc>cely any "p ( ?is %rub :i* has n be5 advantage\sly employ$ 9 "s way or o!r4 ,! wood is yell[1 &1 9 old trees1 becomes s h>d t x w take a poli% almo/ z bright z t ( box 7#bcb72 &1 inde$1 x is (t5 us$ z a sub/itute = box-wood4 ,its t\ghness also is su* t x is made into skew]s = but*]s1 tops = fi%+ rods1 & ne$les = ! weav+ ( nets4 ,x is likewise employ$ by turn]s4 ,sir ,j4 ,e4 ,smi? has rem>k$ t ?is tree is1 z x 71 a :ole magaz9e ( physic to ru/ic practition]s1 & t x is n q neglect$ ev5 by pr(essional m54 ,o9tm5ts h be5 made ( ! gre5 inn] b>k1 & ( ! leaves4 ,! dri$ fl[]s1 infus$ 9 wat]1 are us$ 9 fom5tations1 or z tea3 &1 mix$ ) butt]-milk1 !y are sometimes employ$ z a wa% = ! face2 & ! clu/]s ( fl[]s1 be=e !y op51 may be made into a delici\s pickle1 to eat ) boil$ mutton4 ,! b]ries are boil$ into a rob1 :i* is useful 9 sore ?roats1 colds1 & ho>s5esses4 ,9 addition to _! m$ic9al s]vices1 ! leaves are sometimes ?r[n into ! subt]rane\s pa?s ( moles1 "u an impression t _! smell w drive away ^? noxi\s animals4 ,if turnips1 cabbages1 fruit trees1 or corn1 all ( :i* are subject to blight f v>i\s k9ds ( insects1 be /rongly :ipp$ ) ! gre5 leaves & bran*es ( eld]1 insects w n attack !m2 & an infusion ( ! leaves is sometimes spr9kl$ by g>d5]s ov] ! buds ( su* fl[]s z !y wi% to pres]ve f ! deva/ation ( cat]pill>s4 ,eld] fl[]s h an agreeable flav\r1 :i* !y imp>t1 9 di/illation1 to wat]3 !y are likewise us$ to give a flav\r to v9eg>4 ,! b]ries are poison\s to p\ltry1 b _! juice1 prop]ly f]m5t$1 makes a pleasant & :olesome w9e2 &1 9 ,g]many1 a v pure & /rong _s is di/ill$ f !m4 ,! juice ( eld] b]ries is sometimes employ$ to give a r$ col\r to rais9 or o!r sweet w9e4 ,! "y %oots ( ?is %rub are fill$ ) an exce$+ly light pi?1 :i* is cut into balls = electrical exp]im5ts2 & is also made into toys = ! amusem5t ( *ildr54 ,! eld] w gr[ & ?rive 9 almo/ any soil & situation2 b1 z e "p ( ?is %rub has an unpleasant n>cotic smell1 p ought to be cauti\s n to sleep "u its %ade1 z1 9 su* case1 x might prove ( s]i\s injury to !m4 ,,tetragynia4 #ig4 ,,flax is ! produce ( an annual plant 7,l9um usitatissimum1 ,fig4 #cg71 ) spe>-%ap$ leaves1 & blue fl[]s1 :i* is cultivat$ 9 sev]al p>ts ( ,great ,brita91 & gr[s wild 9 corn-fields & s&y pa/ures ( "s ( ! s\!rn c\nties4 ,! /ems ( ^! plants rise to ! height ( ab\t two feet4 ,! se$ vessels & leaves ( ! calyx are %>p po9t$1 & ! fl[]s h ea* five scollop$ petals4 ,x is suppos$ t we 7 orig9ally indebt$ = ?is plant to ^? p>ts ( ,egypt :i* are annually inundat$ by ! ,nile2 b ! "t ( its introduction into ?is c\ntry is unkn[n4 ,its utility is incalculable4 ,to x we are indebt$ = ! l95 we we>1 = our %eets1 table-clo?s1 & num]\s o!r indisp5sable articles ( clo?+ & dome/ic economy2 & al?\gh cotton might1 9 "s degree1 supply its place1 ^? p]sons :o h be5 accu/om$ to ! com=ts ( l95 w\ld be little desir\s ( ! ex*ange4 ,! cultivation ( flax is pursu$ to consid]able ext5t 9 "s p>ts ( ! ,briti% dom9ions4 ,! se$ import$ f ,riga & ,holl& is g5]ally1 ?\gh p]haps errone\sly1 e/eem$ ! be/4 ,x is s[n 9 ,m>* or ,april2 & ! plants1 :5 ne>ly ripe1 are pull$ up by ! roots4 ,^!1 if flax & n se$ be ! object ( ! crop1 are ei!r plac$ 9 small p>cels ^u ! surface ( ! l&1 = exposure to ! sun1 to dry2 or !y are imm$iately convey$ to ! place :]e !y are to und]go ! process call$ wat]+4 ,= ?is purpose !y are loosely ti$ 9 small bundles1 plac$ 9 pools or ponds ( s(t & /agnant wat]1 & all[$ to cont9ue !re sev]al days4 ,by ! f]m5tation :i* takes place1 ! b>k or flaxy sub/ance becomes sep>at$4 ,!y are !n tak5 out1 & ?9ly spread ^u ! grass1 9 regul> r[s4 ,"h !y are occasionally turn$ until !y h become s brittle1 t1 on be+ rubb$ betwe5 ! h&s1 ! flax easily & freely sep>ates f ! /alks4 ,!y are tak5 up1 & b\nd 9 %eaves1 to be ei!r s5t to a mill1 or to be brok5 & scuttl$1 z x is call$1 by a ma*9e contriv$ = t purpose4 ,! flax1 by ! above process1 hav+ be5 sep>at$ f ! /alks1 x subsequ5tly und]goes v>i\s dress+s1 accord+ to ! purposes = :i* x is to be us$4 ,:5 ! plants h be5 gr[n = se$1 !y are pull$ z be=e1 & !n laid toge!r by h&fuls ^u ! gr\nd1 ) ! se$ ends t[>ds ! s\?1 t !y may be ! bett] expos$ to ! sun4 ,! next op]ation is to =ce (f ! se$ vessels4 ,= ?is purpose a l>ge clo? is usually spread on "s adjac5t & conv5i5t spot ( gr\nd1 & an in/rum5t1 call$ a ripple1 is plac$ 9 ! middle ( x4 ,?is is a sort ( comb1 consi/+ ( six1 eight1 or t51 long1 triangul>1 upright tee?4 ,! se$ ends ( ! flax are pull$ repeat$ly ?r\gh ! tee? ( ! comb1 by :i* ! p>ts conta9+ ! se$ are remov$ f ! /alks4 ,aft] ?is ! pods & se$s1 :i* h ! "n ( l9e-se$s1 are spread ^u a clo? 9 ! sun to dry1 & subsequ5tly are ?re%$1 sift$1 w9n[$1 & cleans$4 ,! be/ se$ is g5]ally pres]v$ = s[+1 & ! second sort yields consid]able pr(it 9 ! oil :i* is obta9$ f x by pressure4 ,?is1 :i* is call$ l9se$ oil1 is equally useful 9 ! arts & 9 m$ic9e4 ,x is occasionally employ$ = mak+ ! soap call$ gre5 soap4 ,if heat be appli$ dur+ ! pressure ( ! se$s1 ! oil atta9s a yell[i% col\r & a peculi> smell1 &1 9 ?is /ate1 x is us$ by pa9t]s & v>ni%]s4 ,an infusion ( ! se$1 9 ! mann] ( tea1 is recomm5d$ 9 c\ghs2 & f ! se$ is also made an useful k9d ( p\ltice = ext]nal inflammations4 ,aft] ! oil has be5 express$1 ! rema9+ f>9ace\s "p ( ! se$s is squeez$ toge!r into l>ge masses1 call$ oil-cake :i* is giv5 z food to ox54 ,x mu/ be rem>k$ t ! wat] 9 :i* flax has be5 mac]at$ becomes !reby poison\s to cattle2 &1 on ?is acc\nt1 ! practice ( /eep+ x 9 any runn+ /ream or common pond 0 prohibit$ by an act ( ,p>liam5t1 pass$ 9 ! reign ( ,h5ry ! ,eigh?4 ---- ,,class ,,vi4--,,hex&ria4 ---- ,,monogynia4 #ih4 ,! ,,p9e 7,bromelia ananas7 is a ri* & highly fragrant fruit1 ( l>ge size1 & yell[ col\r1 ) protub]ances on its surface2 & cr[n$ by a tuft ( /rong & po9t$ leaves1 edg$ ) %>p sp9es4 ,?is1 ! be/ & f9e/ flav\r$ ( all kn[n fruits1 0 orig9ally import$ into ,engl& f ,s\? ,am]ica1 ab\t ! ye> #afij4 ,9 t c\ntry & ! ,we/ ,indies x has long be5 cultivat$ 9 ! op5 gr\nd2 &1 f free access to a cong5ial atmosph]e1 x atta9s !re a mu* f9] flav\r ?an is possible 9 a =c$ /ate1 9 ! hot-h\ses ( ,great ,brita94 ,p9es are plant$ 9 e>?2 & ! pots :i* conta9 !m are imm]s$ 9 b$s ( b>k1 aft] x has be5 us$ by ! tann]s4 ,ab\t ! mon? ( ,april ! "y fruit beg9s to advance1 b ! usual season = rip5+ does n comm5ce till ,july1 & ! fruit is 9 greate/ p]fection f ! middle ( ,augu/ to ! end ( ,septemb]4 ,! rip5+ ( p9es is discov]able by ! fragrant od\r :i* !y emit1 & by _! protub]ances yield+ to pressure ) ! h&2 & _! flav\r spe$ily dissipates if left uncut long] ?an ?ree or f\r days aft] !y are fully ripe4 ,:5 br\ght to table1 _! leafy cr[ns %\ld be res]v$ = plant+4 ,^!1 if plac$ 9 pots1 & plung$ 9 ! b>k-b$1 or 9 a hot-b$1 & cov]$1 = "s "t1 ) glass1 w 9 two ye>s be> fruit4 ,!re are sev]al v>ieties ( p9e1 ( :i* ! foll[+ are among ! pr9cipal4 7a7 ,:ite ,p9e4--,?is has a :iti% & fibr\s fle%1 & ! r9d z yell[ z t ( an orange4 ,its smell is highly fragrant1 & x excels mo/ o!r k9ds 9 size & beauty1 al?\gh its flav\r is inf]ior to t ( _m4 ,its juice edges ! tee?1 & sometimes makes ! lips sm>t4 7b7 ,! yell[ p9e edges ! tee? less2 b bo? ?is & ! prec$+ v>iety are exce$$ by 7c7 ,! sug>-loaf p9e2 :i* is di/+ui%$ by ! purple /ripes on ! outside ( ! leaves1 & by its /raw-col\r$ fruit4 7d7 ,! ,monts]rat p9e is n[ r>e 9 ,europe1 ?\gh 9 ,am]ica x is e/eem$ 9 pref]5ce to mo/ o!rs4 ,x is pr9cipally kn[n by ! protub]ances ( ! fruit be+ long] & flatt] ?an ^? ( ! common sort4 ,9 ! ,we/ ,indies an excell5t liquid sweetmeat or confection is made f p9es4 ,?is fruit also is sometimes pres]v$ :ole1 &1 :5 tak5 out ( ! syrup1 is ic$ ov] ) sug>4 ,sweetmeats ( ?is k9d 7 =m]ly s5t into ,europe1 9 great quantity1 f ! ,antilles4 ,w9e made f p9es is almo/ equal to ,malmsey3 at ! end ( ab\t ?ree weeks x becomes some:at acid1 b x recov]s by long] keep+4 ,p9es1 9 ! ,we/ ,indies1 are frequ5tly put into rum to communicate to t liquor _! peculi> aromatic flav\r4 #ii4 ,,g>lic 7,allium sativum7 is a plant ) bulb\s root1 ( irregul> =m1 compos$ ( _m small] bulbs1 call$ cloves1 :i* are all includ$ )9 a :ite sk94 ,! /em leaves are flat & n>r[2 ! upp] "p ( ! /em be>s small bulbs1 & ! /am5s are ?ree po9t$4 ,9 w>m climates1 :]e g>lic is produc$ hav+ consid]ably less acrimony ?an 9 ?is c\ntry1 x is mu* us$1 bo? z a season+ & z food4 ,! l[] classes ( ,fr5*1 ,spani>ds1 & ,portuguese1 consume great quantities ( x4 ,! ,jews also eat ( x to excess4 ,) u x is 9 consid]able e/imation = cul9>y & o!r dome/ic purposes4 ,x has an acrid ta/e1 & an highly (f5sive smell2 & x diff]s f ! onion only by be+ m p[]ful 9 its effects4 ,:5 bruis$ & appli$ to ! sk91 x causes inflammation1 & raises bli/]s4 ,! m$ical prop]ties ( g>lic are v>i\s4 ,9 dropsical compla9ts1 a/hmas1 & agues1 x is said to h be5 successfully us$4 ,"s in/ances h occurr$1 9 deafness1 ( ! b5eficial effects ( wrapp+ a clove ( g>lic 9 musl9 & putt+ x into ! e>4 ,z a m$ic9e int]nally tak51 g>lic is adm9i/]$ z a bolus1 or made into pills4 ,its smell is consid]$ an infallible rem$y aga9/ vap\rs1 & to be useful 9 ne>ly all ! n]v\s disord]s to :i* females are subject4 ,an oil is sometimes prep>$ f g>lic1 :i* is s heavy z to s9k 9 wat]4 ,b ! virtues ( ?is pung5t vegetable are m p]fectly & m readily extract$ by _s ( w9e ?an 9 any o!r way4 ,a syrup is also made f x4 ,! juice ( g>lic is said to be ! be/ & /ronge/ cem5t t c be adopt$ = brok5 glass & *9a1 leav+ little or no m>k1 if us$ ) c>e4 ,snails1 worms1 & ! grubs1 or l>v ( insects1 z well z moles1 & o!r v]m91 may all be driv5 away by plac+ prep>ations ( g>lic 9 or ne> _! haunts4 ,?is plant gr[s wild 9 ! isl& ( ,sicily4 #ajj4 ,,leeks 7,allium porrum7 belong to ! onion or g>lic tribe1 & are kn[n by _! leaves gr[+ out on ea* side1 some:at 9 ! %ape ( a fan4 ,9 "s c\ntries leeks are mu* e/eem$ = cul9>y uses1 9 s\ps1 bro?1 & = boil+ z gre5s ) meat4 ,!y are consid]$ ! badge ( ! ,wel% nation1 & repres5tations ( !m are frequ5tly worn by p]sons ( t c\ntry on ! day ( _! patron sa9t1 ,/4 ,david4 ,! orig9 ( ?is cu/om 0 an occurr5ce1 dur+ ! ,wel% w>s1 9 :i* a p>ty ( ,wel%m51 want+ a m>k ( di/9ction1 & %ortly aft]w>ds pass+ ?r\gh a field or g>d5 ( leeks1 seiz$ & /uck ! plants 9 _! caps1 & "u ?is signal 7 victori\s4 ,leeks are natives ( ,switz]l&4 #aja4 ,,%alot 7,allium ascalonicum7 is a k9d ( g>lic1 ! bulbs or roots ( :i* are oblong1 irregul>1 & seldom ( l>ge size4 ,! /em is nak$ & r\nd2 ! leaves are some:at awl-%ap$2 ! head ( fl[]s is globul>2 & ! /am5s are ?ree-po9t$4 ,! uses ( %alot1 or e*alotte1 z x is d5om9at$ by ! ,fr5*1 are almo/ :olly conf9$ to cook]y4 ,x has a /rong1 b r pleasant smell1 on :i* acc\nt x is g5]ally pref]r$ to onions4 ,x is employ$ = ! season+ ( s\ps1 gravy1 ha%es1 pickles1 & = num]\s o!r purposes4 ,?is plant gr[s wild 9 sev]al p>ts ( ! ,cont95t4 #ajb4 ,! ,,canadian or ,,tree ,,onion 7,allium ,canad5se7 is rem>kable = produc+ a bulb or onion at ! top ( ! /alk4 ,! /em is nak$ & r\nd2 & ! leaves are flat & n>r[4 ,^! onions are well des]v+ ( att5tion bo? z objects ( curiosity1 f produc+ _! bulb at ! upp] extremity ( ! /alk1 & also = _! use4 ,:5 pickl$1 !y are g5]ally ?\ght sup]ior 9 flav\r to ! common onion4 ,!y 7 orig9ally import$ f ,canada2 are p]5nial1 & are propagat$ by plant+ ! bulbs 9 ! spr+ or autumn4 ,ei!r ! bulbs ( ! root or ^? on ! /alk w gr[4 #ajc4 ,,*ives 7,allium s*o5oprasum7 are ! smalle/ ( ! g>lic tribe1 seldom ris+ m ?an a few in*es above ! gr\nd1 & ! bulbs n be+ l>g] ?an peas4 ,! /em is nak$1 z long z ! leaves2 & ! leaves are r\nd & some:at awl-%ap$4 ,*ives are natives ( ,italy1 ,switz]l&1 & sev]al o!r p>ts ( ,europe2 & are s h>dy1 & at ! same "t s useful1 t !y m]it a place 9 e g>d53 yet1 9 ! nor!rn c\nties ( ,engl& & 9 ,scotl&1 !y are v r>ely to be se54 ,! leaves1 :i* are small & are ! pr9cipal p>ts t are us$1 appe> e>ly 9 ! spr+4 ,!y are employ$ 9 salads1 & = num]\s cul9>y purposes2 & (t5 at a season :5 o!r plants ( ! same tribe _c be procur$4 #ajd4 ,! ,,common ,,onion 7,allium cepa7 is kn[n by its r\nd & holl[ leaves1 & its swell+ pipy /alk1 :i* is consid]ably ?ick] 9 ! middle ?an ei!r at ! top or bottom4 ,! "n ( onion is d]iv$ f ! ,lat9 ^w unio1 :i*1 prop]ly1 signifies a bulb t does n ?r[ out (fsets4 ,onions are propagat$ by se$ :i* are s[n 9 spr+2 & ! bulbs or roots arrive at p]fection 9 ! autumn4 ,! :ole plant1 :5 "y1 is eat5 z salad4 ,onions g5]ally cease to gr[ t[>ds ! middle ( ,augu/1 ! /alks & leaves at t "t %r9k+ & turn+ br[n4 ,%ortly aft] ?is !y mu/ be drawn out ( ! e>?2 ! tops & blades mu/ be cut (f2 & ! roots dri$1 ei!r 9 a w>m place1 or by exposure to ! sun4 ,spani% onions are ( l>ge size1 & flatt5$ %ape2 & ,portugal onions are l>ge1 h&some bulbs1 ( r\ndi% =m4 ,by ! common p onions are frequ5tly eat5 raw ) _! food4 ,?is has p>ticul>ly be5 ! case1 & f "t immemorial1 ) ! inhabitants ( ,egypt4 ,by /imulat+ ! /oma*1 !y are suppos$ to fav\r dige/ion4 ,"s p]sons h imag9$ t !y possess a l>ge portion ( alim5t>y matt]2 b o!rs say t !y af=d little or no n\ri%m5t1 & t1 :5 eat5 freely1 !y produce flatul5cies1 occasion ?ir/1 head-a*s1 & turbul5t dreams4 ,onions h s mu* acrimony z g5]ally to affect ! brea? = _m h\rs3 b :5 boil$ or roa/$1 ?is is1 9 a great measure1 dissipat$1 & !y !n exhibit "s sweetness1 ) a consid]able portion ( mucilag9\s matt]4 ,onions are ( great use 9 sev]al cul9>y prep>ations1 b p>ticul>ly 9 s\p & pickles4 ,!y are employ$ 9 m$ic9e *iefly z p\ltices = swell+s2 & h be5 recomm5d$ by "s p]sons1 to be rubb$ on bald p>ts ( ! head1 to promote ! gr[? ( ! hair4 #aje4 ,,asp>agus 7,asp>agus (fic9alis71 is a well kn[n plant1 ! "y %oots ( :i* are a fav\rite cul9>y vegetable4 ,few circum/ances 9 ! ph5om5a ( vegetation are m rem>kable ?an ! gradual enl>gem5t ( size1 & improvem5t ( quality1 :i* h tak5 place 9 ! cultivation ( asp>agus4 ,x gr[s wild on ! pebbly bea* ne> ,weym\?1 & 9 ! isl& ( ,anglesea3 b its /em1 9 ^! situations1 is n usually ?ick] ?an a goose's quill1 & its :ole height does n exce$ a few in*es2 :]eas 9 g>d5s its /em is sometimes ne> ?ree qu>t]s ( an in* ?ick1 & its height1 :5 at maturity1 is f\r or five feet4 ,asp>agus is "o ( ! greate/ delicacies :i* our kit*5 g>d5s af=d1 & x is p>ticul>ly e/imable f ! e>ly season at :i* x is produc$4 ,ev5 9 ! op5 gr\nd1 x is 9 p]fection = ! table ab\t ! end ( ,april2 & :5 =c$1 by be+ plant$ 9 hot-b$s "u glass1 x may be cut mu* e>li]4 ,asp>agus cont9ues 9 season till ab\t ! end ( ,june4 ,x is usually rais$ f se$1 9 b$s =m$ = ! purpose3 & ! plants %\ld rema9 ?ree ye>s 9 ! gr\nd be=e !y are cut3 aft] :i*1 = sev]al ye>s1 !y w cont9ue to af=d a regul> annual supply4 ,dur+ ! w9t]1 !y are secur$ f ! effects ( fro/ by ! b$s be+ cov]$ "s in*es ?ick ) /raw or litt]4 ,9 ! cutt+ ( asp>agus1 ! knife is pass$ ?ree or f\r in*es b5ea? ! gr\nd4 ,! plants are cut by slop+ ! blade upw>d2 & ! :ite "p t we see1 is t :i* _h n previ\sly be5 expos$ to ! air4 ,! smalle/ plants are suff]$ to gr[ = ! purpose ( produc+ b]ries to re-/ock ! b$s1 & keep !m cont9ually 9 a /ate ( supply4 #ajf4 ,,aloes are an ext5sive tribe ( plants1 "s ( :i* are n m ?an a few in*es1 :il/ o!rs are ?irty feet & upw>ds1 9 height4 ,all ! leaves are fle%y1 ?ick1 & m or less sp9\s at ! edges or extremity4 ,^! plants1 :i* are *iefly inhabitants ( hot climates1 h fl[]s ( a s+le petal1 ! m\? exp&$1 ! base nect>if]\s1 & ! filam5ts ( ! /am5s ins]t$ into ! receptacle4 ,"s ( ! l>g] k9ds ( aloes are ( great importance to ! inhabitants ( c\ntries 9 :i* !y gr[4 ,beset z ! leaves are ) /rong sp9es1 !y =m an imp5etrable f5ce4 ,! negroes ( ! we/]n coa/ ( ,africa make ropes & weave nets ( ! fibr\s "p ( ^! leaves4 ,! ,hott5tots holl[ out ! /ems ( "o ( ! k9ds into quiv]s = _! arr[s4 ,9 ,jamaica1 !re is a species ( aloe :i* supplies ! inhabitants ) b[-/r+s1 fi%+ l9es1 & mat]ials f :i* !y are able to weave /ock+s & hammocks4 ,an aloe :i* gr[s 9 ! k+dom ( ,mexico is appli$ by ! inhabitants to almo/ e purpose ( life4 ,x s]ves z h$ges = enclosures3 its trunk supplies ! place ( timb] = ! ro(s ( h\ses1 & its leaves ! place ( tiles4 ,f ?is plant ! ,mexicans make ?read1 ne$les1 & v>i\s articles ( clo?+ & cordage3 :il/ f its juices !y manufacture w9e1 sug>1 & v9eg>4 ,"s p>ts ( x !y eat1 & o!rs !y apply 9 m$ic9e4 ,! juice ( aloes 0 =m]ly us$ 9 ,ea/]n c\ntries 9 embalm+1 to pres]ve dead bodies f putrefaction2 &1 z ! res9\s "p ( ?is juice is n soluble 9 wat]1 x is sometimes adopt$ 9 hot climates z a pres]vative to %ips' bottoms aga9/ ! attack ( m>9e worms4 ,"o ounce ( x mix$ ) turp5t9e1 tall[1 & :ite lead1 is consid]$ to be suffici5t = cov]+ ab\t two sup]ficial feet ( plank2 & ab\t twelve p\nds are suffici5t = a vessel ( fifty tons' bur!n4 ,9 pro( ( ! efficacy ( ?is me?od1 two planks ( equal ?ickness1 & cut f ! same tree1 7 plac$ "u wat]1 "o ( !m 9 its natural /ate1 & ! o!r sme>$ ) ! composition above describ$4 ,!y 7 suff]$ to cont9ue 9 ! wat] eight mon?s1 & :51 at ! end ( t "t1 !y 7 tak5 out1 ! =m] 0 p]=at$ 9 e "p1 & 9 a /ate ( absolute decay2 :il/ ! latt] 0 z p]fect z at fir/4 ,9 ! ,ea/ ,indies1 ! juice ( ^! plants is us$ z a v>ni%1 to pres]ve wood f ! attacks ( de/ructive insects3 & sk9s1 & ev5 liv+ animals1 are sometimes sme>$ ) x = ! same purpose4 ,!re is a tract ( m\nta9s1 ab\t fifty miles nor? ( ! ,cape ( ,good ,hope1 :i* is :olly cov]$ ) aloes4 ,among ! ,mahometans1 & p>ticul>ly 9 ,egypt1 ! aloe is a k9d ( symbolic plant3 x is d$icat$ to ! (fices ( religion2 & pilgrims1 on _! return f ,mecca1 susp5d x ov] _! doors1 z a decl>ation t !y h p]=m$ t holy j\rney4 #ajg4 ,,socotr9e ,,aloes are ! dri$ juice ( a l>ge species ( aloe 7,aloe p]foliata1 ,fig4 #ch7 :i* gr[s 9 great abundance 9 ! isl& ( ,socotra1 ne> ! m\? ( ! ,r$ ,sea4 ,! leaves are sword-%ap$1 fle%y1 smoo?1 full ( juice1 ( blui%-gre5 col\r2 & beset at ! edges ) /rong sp9es4 ,! fl[]-/ems rise to ! height ( ?ree or f\r feet1 are smoo?1 erect1 & h at ! top a spike ( fl[]s ( purple or r$di% col\r1 ! /am5s ( :i* h oblong orange-col\r$ an!rs4 ,! true ,socotr9e aloes are import$ into ?is c\ntry wrapp$ 9 sk9s2 & :5 pure h a bright surface1 & are 9 "s degree pellucid4 ,9 ! lump !y h a yell[i% r$ col\r1 ) a purpli% ca/2 &1 :5 r$uc$ to p[d]1 are ( a gold5 yell[4 ,_! ta/e is bitt] & disagreeable1 b some:at aromatic2 & _! smell is n unpleasant4 ,b>badoes aloes1 common aloes1 or hepatic aloes1 are ! dri$ juice ( a v>iety ( ! ,socotr9e aloes1 :i* is cultivat$ 9 ,b>badoes & ,jamaica4 ,( ?is we import ?ree k9ds3 "o 9 g\rd %ells2 an inf]ior k9d1 9 pots2 & ano!r1 /ill worse1 9 casks4 ,9 ! cultivation ( aloes x is requisite t ! plants %\ld gr[ = two or ?ree ye>s be=e ! juice is procur$ f !m4 ,! op]ation ( collect+ ! juice is p]=m$ 9 diff]5t ways4 ,dr4 ,br[ne tells u t lab\r]s g into ! field ) knives & tubs2 & t cutt+ (f ! l>ge/ & mo/ succul5t leaves close to ! /alk1 !y imm$iately put !m into ! tubs 9 an upright position1 t ! liquor may dra9 f ! w\nds4 ,:5 ?is is ne>ly all dis*>g$1 !y take ! leaves out s+ly1 & cle> !m ( any juice t may adh]e to !m2 & ! liquor is !n put into %all[ flat-bottom$ vessels1 & dri$ gradually 9 ! sun1 until x acquires a prop] ?ickness to be p\r$ out or ladl$ into ! g\rd %ells :i* are to conta9 x4 ,:at is ?us obta9$ is call$ ,socotr9e aloes1 & is ! cle>e/ & mo/ valuable ( any4 ,an additional quantity ( juice is obta9$ by press+ ! leaves4 ,9 "s places ! plants are pull$ up by ! roots1 &1 aft] hav+ be5 c>efully cleans$ f e>? or o!r impurities1 !y are slic$ & cut 9 pieces1 into small h&-baskets or nets4 ,9 ^! ! pieces are boil$1 = a little :ile1 9 wat]1 by :i* ! juice is extract$2 & successive basketfuls are boil$ 9 ! same liquor1 until x becomes ?ick & ( d>k col\r4 ,! fluid "p is subsequ5tly evaporat$1 & :at rema9s is put into g\rd %ells = sale4 ,o!r me?ods ( inspissat+ or dry+ ! juice are to p\r x into bladd]s left op5 at ! top1 & susp5d$ 9 ! sun2 or to place x 9 broad %all[ trays ( wood1 pewt] or t91 expos$ to ! sun e dry day1 until ! fluid p>ts are exhal$1 & a p]fect res9 is =m$1 :i* is !n pack$ up = sale4 ,!re is a k9d call$ ,caball9e or horse aloes1 :i* has a rank & unpleasant smell1 b 9 ta/e is n mu* m disagreeable ?an ei!r ( ! o!rs4 ,9 its prop]ties x agrees ne>ly ) hepatic aloes1 b x is *iefly employ$ by f>ri]s 9 horse m$ic9es4 ,! m$ical prop]ties ( aloes h long be5 kn[n & e/abli%$3 & _! ext5sive application 9 m$ic9e is1 p]haps1 ! be/ pro( t c be adduc$ ( _! utility4 ,9 ! arts aloes are1 9 sev]al respects1 useful4 ,b1 p>ticul>ly1 ! leaves ( ! ,socotr9e aloes af=d a beautiful violet col\r :i* does n require ! aid ( any mordant to fix x2 ! same also is capable ( be+ =m$ into a f9e transp>5t col\r = pa9t+ 9 m9iature4 #ajh4 ,! ,,great1 or ,,am]ican ,,aloe 7,agave ,am]icana71 is a l>ge plant1 ! leaves ( :i* are ?ick1 fle%y1 & sp9\s at ! edge1 & ! /em bran*$ & ( great height4 ,! fl[]s ( ?is plant are di/+ui%$ by hav+ ! tube ( ! corolla n>r[$ 9 ! middle1 ! /am5s long] ?an ! corolla1 & ! /yle long] ?an ! /am5s4 ,?is magnific5t native ( ,nor? ,am]ica is by no means an uncommon plant 9 our g>d5s1 b1 ) u1 x is seldom se5 9 fl[]4 ,!re is inde$ a notion1 b x is an errone\s "o1 t ! ,am]ican aloe does n bloom until x is a hundr$ ye>s old4 ,! fact is1 t ! fl[]+ dep5ds almo/ :olly on its gr[?4 ,9 hot c\ntries x w fl[] 9 a few ye>s2 b 9 cold] climates1 ! gr[? be+ sl[]1 x is necess>ily long] 9 arriv+ at maturity4 ,! /em :i* be>s ! blossoms rises f ! c5tre ( ! leaves1 &1 :5 ! plant is 9 a vigor\s /ate1 x frequ5tly exce$s ! height ( tw5ty feet4 ,an ,am]ican aloe 9 ! g>d5 ( ! k+ ( ,prussia 0 =ty feet high4 ,bran*es issue f e side1 & 9 su* mann] z to =m a k9d ( pyramid1 compos$ ( gre5i% yell[ fl[]s1 :i* /& erect1 & are se5 9 ?ick clu/]s at e jo9t4 ,:5 9 full fl[]1 ! appe>ance ( ?is aloe is extremely spl5did2 & if ! season be fav\rable1 & ! plant be %elt]$ f ! cold 9 autumn1 a succession ( blossoms w sometimes be produc$ = ne> ?ree mon?s4 ,9 ! w>m] p>ts ( ,europe1 ,am]ican aloes are cultivat$ z objects ( consid]able utility4 ,!y are frequ5tly gr[n 9 r[s1 z f5ces1 = enclosures1 p>ticul>ly 9 ,spa91 ,portugal1 & ,italy4 ,9 ,alg>via ! leaves are employ$ = sc\r+ pewt] & o!r kit*5 ut5sils1 & floors2 &1 cut into slices1 are us$ = ! fe$+ ( cattle4 ,by a c]ta9 prep>ation1 ! juice ( ! leaves is made into cakes1 :i* are employ$ = wa%+1 & :i* w la!r ) salt wat] z well z ) fre%4 ,! fibres ( ! leaves1 :5 prop]ly prep>$1 may be sep>at$ into ?reads t are useful 9 v>i\s ways4 ,?is sep>ation is sometimes effect$ by bruis+ & /eep+ !m 9 wat]1 & aft]w>ds beat+ !m4 ,! process1 9 "s p>ts ( ,portugal1 is1 aft] pluck+ ! l>ge/ & be/ leaves1 to place !m on a squ>e bo>d1 :i* a p]son presses obliquely betwe5 8 brea/ & ! gr\nd1 & !n scrapes ) a squ>e iron b> held 9 bo? h&s4 ,by ?is op]ation all ! juices are press$ out1 & only ! fibres & "s ( ! membran\s p>ts ( ! leaves rema91 :i* are !n easily deta*$4 ,! fibres are employ$ = all ! purposes to :i* ?read c be appli$1 b !y are nei!r /rong nor durable2 & if expos$ to moi/ure1 !y soon decay4 #aji4 ,! ,,fan ,,palm is a v rem>kable tree 7,corypha umbraculif]a7 t gr[s 9 ! ,ea/ ,indies1 b p>ticul>ly 9 ,malab>1 & ! isl& ( ,ceylon2 its leaves1 eight or t5 9 numb]1 rise out ( ! summit ( ! trunk1 are w+$ & some:at fan-%ap$1 & h _! segm5ts connect$ by a ?read or fibre4 ,! /em ( ! fan palm is /raight1 cyl9drical1 smoo?1 & z tall z a %ip's ma/4 ,its leaves are upw>ds ( six y>ds 9 l5g?1 & f\r y>ds wide2 & =m altoge!r a head ( twelve or ?irte5 y>ds 9 diamet]4 ,^! leaves1 :i*1 :5 dry1 fold up some:at l a fan1 are us$ = ! cov]+ ( huts & cottages2 & n unfrequ5tly by soldi]s1 in/ead ( canvas1 = ! con/ruction ( t5ts4 ,"o ( !m is suffici5tly l>ge to %elt] tw5ty p]sons f ! rays ( ! sun4 ,!y are also a k9d ( natural pap] on :i* ! inhabitants write1 by means ( a %>p-po9t$ iron in/rum5t1 :i* leaves indelible m>ks ^u !m4 ,_m ( ! books :i* are %[n 9 ,europe = ^? ( ,egyptian papyrus 7#bf7 are said to be =m$ ( p>ts ( ^! leaves4--,! pi? ( ! trunk1 beat5 into a k9d ( pa/e & mix$ ) wat]1 is =m$ into cakes1 & con/itutes a species ( bread1 v s]viceable to ! inhabitants 9 times ( sc>city4 ,! juice ( "s p>ts ( ! tree is us$ z an emetic4 ,! fan palms are said n to be> fruit until !y are ne> =ty ye>s old2 b aft] ?is p]iod1 :5 9 p]fection1 !y produce annually m ?an tw5ty ?\s& b]ries ea*4 ,^! are ea* ab\t #a in* diamet]1 ( globul> %ape1 smoo?1 gre51 & fle%y2 b are n kn[n to be ( any use4 #aaj4 ,! ,,rotang or ,,dragon',s ,,blood ,,tree1 is a species ( cane 7,calamus rotang7 :i* gr[s to ! l5g? ( m ?an a hundr$ feet1 is ab\t z ?ick z a man's arm1 & is closely beset ) erect prickles4 ,?is cane has at ! top a tuft ( leaves :i* are sev]al feet 9 l5g?1 & alt]nately w+$1 & ( :i* ! leaflets are sword-%ap$1 & arm$ ) %>p sp9es4 ,9 consequ5ce ( its great l5g? & sl5d] =m1 ! rotang tree 7:i* is usually f\nd 9 woods ne> riv]s1 & 9 morassy places7 does n gr[ entirely upright2 b1 aft] hav+ atta9$ ! height ( five or six y>ds1 x dep5ds1 = support1 ^u o!r trees1 :i* x sometimes ov]runs1 9 ne>ly an horizontal direction to ! ext5t ( sixty or eighty feet4 ,! fl[]s are produc$ 9 upright spikes t sep>ate into long spread+ bran*es1 & are succe$$ by a r$ & some:at egg-%ap$ fruit1 :i* to ! ta/e is pleasantly acid4 ,! drug call$ ,dragon's ,blood#d is obta9$ f ?is fruit1 9 ,japan1 & sev]al o!r c\ntries ( ! ,ea/4 ,! ,japanese expose ! fruit ( ! ,rotang tree to ! /eam ( boil+ wat]1 by :i* ! ext]nal %ell is s(t5$1 & a res9\s fluid is =c$ out1 t is aft]w>ds enclos$ 9 leaves & susp5d$ 9 ! air to dry4 ,9 ,sumatra ! ext]nal surface ( ! fruit is obs]v$ to be cov]$ ) ! res93 ?is is rubb$ (f1 melt$ 9 ! sun1 & =m$ into gra9s or globules1 :i* are fold$ 9 leaves1 & are consid]$ ! pure/ k9d ( dragon's blood4 ,9 "s c\ntries ! fruit is boil$ 9 wat]1 & ! res91 :i* floats ^u ! surface1 is skimm$ (f & subsequ5tly purifi$1 & =m$ into ! requisite %ape = sale4 ,an inf]ior k9d ( dragon's blood is made up into l>ge masses1 :i* conta9 ! membran\s p>ts ( ! fruit & o!r impurities4 ,:5 ?is sub/ance is tol]ably pure1 x breaks smoo?1 & appe>s int]nally ( a d>k r$ col\r2 melts readily1 & easily cat*es fire4 ,its pr9cipal use is 9 m$ic9e4 ,! /em ( ! rotang furni%es ! inhabitants ( ! c\ntries :]e x gr[s ) %afts = pikes or spe>s2 & ! inn] "p ( ! "y %oots is boil$ or roa/$ = food4 #aaa4 ,! ,,common ,,walk+ ,,canes 7,calamus scipionum7 h a smoo? & glossy /em1 usually m>k$ ) d>k spots3 & ! knots or jo9ts are sometimes ?ree or f\r feet asund]4 ,^! canes gr[1 v abundantly1 9 ,sumatra & o!r ,ea/]n isl&s1 z well z on ! cont95t ( ,india1 :5ce !y appe> to h be5 orig9ally export$ to ,europe by ! ,dut*4 ,!re is a consid]able trade 9 !m to ,*9a4 ,! long spaces betwe5 ! knots1 _! %9+ surface1 & lightness1 h r5d]$ !m pref]able to mo/ o!r articles = walk+ canes4 #aab4 ,! ,,rattan or ,,true ,,cane 7,calamus v]us71 is rem>kable = gr[+ to ! great l5g? ( a hundr$ feet1 & upw>ds1 &1 at ! same "t1 n be+ ?ick] ?an a man's f+]4 ,a trade 9 rattans to consid]able ext5t is c>ri$ on f sev]al ( ! isl&s ( ! ea/ to ,*9a1 :i* is ! pr9cipal m>ket = !m4 ,^! canes are extremely t\gh & flexible1 ( yell[i% br[n col\r1 &1 :5 cut into ?ongs1 are sometimes us$ to make cables & o!r ropes4 ,our cane-bottom$ *airs are made ( split rattans1 ! out] or smoo? surface ( :i* is always kept upp]mo/4 ,= ?is "w ! canes are *os5 by _! great l5g?1 pale yell[ col\r1 & bright gloss4 ,!y are pur*as$ 9 bundles1 ea* ( :i* conta9s a hundr$ canes1 neatly ti$ 9 ! middle1 & ! ends b5t toge!r4 ,:5 p]fectly dry1 !y are s h>d z to yield sp>ks ( fire :5 /ruck aga9/ ea* o!r4 ,! ^w rattan1 9 ! ,malay language1 signifies a /aff or walk+ /ick4 #aac4 ,! ,,bamboo ,,cane 7,bambusa arund9acea7 has a holl[1 r\nd1 /raight1 & %9+ /em2 & sometimes gr[s to ! l5g? ( =ty feet & upw>ds3 x has knots at ! di/ance ( t5 or twelve in*es f ea* o!r1 ) ?ick1 r\gh1 & hairy %ea?s1 alt]nate bran*es1 & small1 entire1 & spe>-%ap$ leaves4 ,!re is sc>cely any plant s common 9 hot climates z ?is1 & few are m ext5sively useful4 ,x occurs )9 ! tropical regions bo? ( ! ea/]n & we/]n hemisph]es1 ?r\gh\t ! ,ea/ ,indies & ! great] "p ( ,*9a1 9 ! ,we/ ,indies1 & ,am]ica4 ,9 ,engl&1 x c only be cultivat$ 9 a hot-h\se2 & its gr[? is s rapid1 ev5 !re1 t a /rong %oot has be5 kn[n to spr+ f ! gr\nd & atta9 ! height ( tw5ty feet 9 six weeks4 ,! inhabitants ( _m p>ts ( ,india build _! h\ses almo/ :olly ( bamboo2 & make ne>ly e description ( furniture ) x1 9 a v +5i\s mann]4 ,!y likewise =m ) x sev]al k9ds ( ut5sils1 = _! kit*5s & tables2 &1 f two pieces ( bamboo rubb$ h>d toge!r1 !y produce fire4 ,! ma/s ( boats1 boxes1 baskets1 & innum]able o!r articles1 are made ( bamboo4 ,aft] hav+ be5 bruis$1 /eep$ 9 wat]1 & =m$ into a pulp1 ! %ea?s & leaves may be manufactur$ into pap]4 ,! /ems are frequ5tly bor$1 & us$ z pipes = convey+ wat]2 & ! /ronge/ /ems s]ve to make ! poles ) :i* ! slaves or s]vants c>ry ^? k9d ( litt]s s common 9 ! ,ea/1 call$ palanqu9s4 ,! /ems ( ! bamboo s]ve also z ! usual f5ce = g>d5s & o!r enclosures3 & ! leaves are g5]ally put r\nd ! tea :i* is s5t 9 *e/s f ,*9a to ,europe4 ,! ,*9ese make1 ( ! ext]nal b>k ( ! bamboo1 a k9d ( cordage1 :i* has ! advantage ( unit$ lightness & durability4 ,= ?is purpose ! b>k is cleft 9 /rips sev]al feet 9 l5g?2 & ^! are twi/$ toge!r accord+ to ! ?ickness t is requir$4 ,= ! t[ l9es ( _! vessels1 eight or n9e b&s or /rips are suffici5t2 b1 = cables1 a mu* great] numb] is requisite4 ,"s ( ! ,malays pres]ve ! small & t5d] %oots ( bamboo 9 v9eg> & pepp] to be eat5 ) _! food4 ,_m ( ! walk+ canes :i* we see 9 ,europe are =m$ ( ! "y %oots ( ?is plant4 ,! ,*9ese make a k9d ( frame-"w ( bamboo1 by :i* !y are enabl$ to float 9 wat]2 & ! ,*9ese m]*ants1 :5 go+ on a voyage1 always provide !mselves ) ?is simple app>atus to save _! lives 9 case ( %ipwreck4 ,x is =m$ by plac+ f\r bamboos horizontally across ea* o!r1 s z to leave1 9 ! middle1 a squ>e place = ! body2 &1 :5 us$1 ?is frame is slipp$ ov] ! head1 & secur$ by be+ ti$ to ! wai/4 #aad4 ,! ,,common ,,ru% 7,juncus effusus7 is kn[n by its gre51 smoo?1 /iff1 upright1 leafless & po9t$ /em2 hav+ a loose bun* ( small fl[]s at ! side1 & ! se$-vessels blunt at ! extremity4 ,al?\gh ! ru% is g5]ally consid]$ by f>m]s a noxi\s we$ 9 wet mead[s & pa/ures1 x is applicable to a v>iety ( useful purposes2 b p>ticul>ly = mak+ ! wicks ( ru%lights4 ,= ?is purpose x is usually cut a little aft] ,midsumm]2 & is imm$iately aft]w>ds ?r[n into wat]1 & kept !re1 t x may n become dry1 & t x may be ! m easily peel$4 ,at fir/ a p]son w\ld f9d x no easy matt] to dive/ a ru% ( its r9d1 s z to leave on ea* side1 f top to bottom1 "o regul>1 n>r[1 & ev5 rib1 t may support ! pi?4 ,b ?is1 by practice1 soon becomes famili> ev5 to *ildr54 ,:5 ru%es are ?us f> prep>$1 !y are spread on ! grass to be blea*$2 &1 aft]w>ds1 !y are dri$ 9 ! sun = use4 ,if only "o rib ( peel be left1 in/ead ( two1 ru%es w supply ! place ( cotton wicks = c&les4 ,9 "s p>ts ( ,hamp%ire ! lab\r+ p =m wicks ( ?is description2 !y dip !m into scald+ fat or grease1 & use !m 9 place ( c&les4 ,ru%es are sometimes manufactur$ into a slight k9d ( baskets4 ,9 ! vic9ity ( ,f>nham1 9 ,surrey1 !y are cut ab\t ,midsumm]1 & dri$ 9 ! same mann] z hay4 ,aft] ?is !y are =m$ into a k9d ( rick1 & %elt]$ till ! succe$+ spr+4 ,!y are !n usefully employ$1 = b&s or ties1 9 fa/5+ hop-b9ds to ! poles4 ,9 a fre% /ate !y are sometimes made into brooms or besoms = blacksmi?s1 & o!r artisans work+ 9 metals4 #aae4 ,,b>b]ries are a beautiful r$ & oblong-%ap$ fruit1 produc$1 9 small bun*es1 by a %rub 7,b]b]ris vulg>is7 :i* gr[s wild 9 _m p>ts ( ,engl&4 ,?is %rub has some:at oval1 s]rat$1 & po9t$ leaves2 ?orns gr[+ ?ree toge!r ^u ! bran*es2 & p5d5t clu/]s ( yell[ fl[]s4 ,s great is ! acidity ( ?is beautiful fruit t ev5 birds refuse to eat x4 ,9 ?is respect x ne>ly approa*es ! tam>9d4 ,:5 boil$ ) sug>1 h[ev]1 x makes an agreeable pres]ve1 rob1 or jelly1 accord+ to ! diff]5t modes ( prep>+ x4 ,b>b]ries are also us$ z a dry sweetmeat1 & 9 sug>plums or comfits2 are pickl$ ) v9eg>1 & are us$ = ! g>ni%+ ( di%es4 ,!y are likewise well calculat$ to allay heat & ?ir/ 9 p]sons afflict$ ) fev]s4 ,! b>k ( ?is b>b]ry %rub is said to h be5 adm9i/]$ ) effect 9 cases ( jaundice1 & 9 "s o!r compla9ts2 & ! inn] b>k1 ) ! assi/ance ( alum1 dyes l95 a f9e yell[ col\r4 ,! roots1 b p>ticul>ly _! b>k1 are employ$1 9 ,pol&1 9 ! dye+ ( lea!r4 ,a v s+ul> circum/ance has be5 /at$ respect+ ! b>b]ry %rub2 t corn1 s[n ne> x1 proves abortive1 ! e>s be+ 9 g5]al de/itute ( gra92 & t ?is influ5ce is sometimes ext5d$ to a di/ance ( ?ree or f\r hundr$ y>ds across a field4 ,a simil> op9ion1 on ?is subject1 prevails 9 ,france1 z well z 9 ,engl&1 b !re is reason to suppose x is )\t f\ndation4 ,,digynia4 #aaf4 ,,rice 7,oryza sativa1 ,fig4 #ci7 is a well-kn[n k9d ( gra91 :i* is mu* cultivat$ 9 ! ,ea/ ,indies1 ,am]ica1 & "s p>ts ( ,spa92 & :i*1 previ\sly to its be+ sold = use1 is fre$ f a br[ni% husk t cov]s x4 ,! rice plant has an erect1 simple1 r\nd1 & jo9t$ /em4 ,its leaves are n>r[ & po9t$2 & its fl[]s appe> 9 a k9d ( bun*1 at ! extremity1 some:at resembl+1 b m compact ?an1 an e> ( oats4 ,we are1 at pres5t1 *iefly suppli$ ) rice f ,am]ica2 & x is said t ! ,am]icans 7 indebt$ = ?is gra9 to a small bag ( x :i* 0 =m]ly giv5 z a pres5t f a ,mr4 ,dubois1 treasur] ( ! ,ea/ ,india ,company1 to a ,c>ol9a m]*ant4 ,a wet & morassy soil1 appe>s 9 g5]al necess>y to ! cultivation ( rice4 ,! p>ts ( ! f>ms or plantations 9 :i* x is gr[n are usually s situat$ z to admit ( be+ flood$2 &1 9 _m places1 res]voirs ( wat] are =m$ = ?is purpose4 ,^! res]voirs h sluices1 by :i* ! rice fields may be inundat$ at pleasure4 ,9 reap+ ! crop1 ! lab\r]s g5]ally "w knee deep 9 wat] & mud4 ,z ! rice is cut1 ! %eaves are put on drays1 & c>ri$ out to be spread on dry gr\nd4 ,! rice ?us produc$ has ! "n ( m>% rice1 & is t :i* is *iefly import$ into ,europe4 ,9 "s ( ! m\nta9\s p>ts ( ! ,ea/ ,indies rice is cultivat$ on ! sides ( hills1 :]e x c only be wat]$ by ra94 ,x is s[n1 h[ev]1 at ! beg9n+ ( ! ra9y1 & reap$ 9 ! beg9n+ ( ! dry season2 s t1 9 fact1 x has ne>ly all ! advantages ( be+ wat]$1 :i* ! m>% rice possesses4 ,! g5]al appellation ( rice1 9 ! ,ea/ ,indies1 is paddy2 b ! k9d j m5tion$ is d5om9at$ paddy gunung1 or m\nta9 rice1 & is little kn[n 9 ,europe1 ?\gh ( late ye>s x has be5 cultivat$ ) success 9 ,tuscany4 ,its gra9s are :it]1 f9]1 & m palatable ?an ^? ( ! m>% rice4 ,aft] ! h>ve/+ ( rice1 ! next process is to free ! gra9s f ! husk 9 :i* !y are envelop$4 ,!re are sev]al ways ( do+ ?is4 ,9 "s places !y are p\nd$ 9 l>ge mort>s1 & aft]w>ds w9n[$4 ,9 o!rs l>ge cyl9drical pe/les are lift$ by a :eel work$ by ox52 & betwe5 ^! "o p]son sits & pu%es =w>d ! rice to be beat51 :il/ ano!r c>ries x (f to be w9n[$1 & supplies fre% p>cels4 ,! inhabitants ( sev]al p>ts ( ! ,ea/ ?r[ x into hot wat]1 by :i* ! gra9s are slightly swell$1 & ?us bur/ ?r\gh ! husk4 ,9 ! isl& ( ,ceylon1 & 9 "s p>ts ( ,am]ica1 a holl[ place1 ab\t a foot 9 dep?1 & n9e or t5 y>ds 9 diamet]1 is dug 9 ! gr\nd4 ,?is is fill$ ) corn1 :i* is trodd5 by ox5 driv5 r\nd x until ! gra9 is cle>$4 ,! ,sacr$ & o!r writ+s in=m u t ?is 0 ! mode :i* ! anci5ts adopt$ ) o!r species ( gra94 ,9 ,spa91 :5 ! rice is ripe1 x is ga!r$ into %eaves1 & put into a mill1 :]e ! l[] gr9d+ /one is cov]$ ) cork2 &1 by ?is means1 ! gra9 is sep>at$ f ! husk1 )\t be+ bruis$4 ,rice is said to h be5 lately cultivat$1 ) success1 9 "s p>ts ( ,scotl&2 & x is n improbable1 t1 by degrees1 ?is species ( gra9 may be naturaliz$ to our climate4 ,no k9d ( gra9 is s g5]ally adopt$ = food 9 hot climates z ?is4 ,! inhabitants ( _m p>ts ( ! ,ea/ subsi/ almo/ :olly ^u x2 & l>ge quantities are annually import$ into ,europe1 :]e x is highly e/eem$ = pudd+s & num]\s cul9>y prep>ations4 ,x is consid]$ v nutritive1 b x %\ld n be eat5 9 too l>ge quantities by languid or debilitat$ p]sons4 ,9 a sc>city ( o!r gra91 rice may be us$ ) consid]able advantage z an +r$i5t 9 bread4 ,inde$1 on acc\nt ( its excell5ce & its *eapness1 x claims att5tion z a g5]al article ( su/5ance = ! poor] classes ( society2 z x is well kn[n t a qu>t] ( a p\nd ( rice1 sl[ly boil$1 w yield m ?an a p\nd ( solid & nutritive food4 ,= ! fatt5+ ( p\ltry1 boil$ rice has be5 adopt$ ) success1 & x w\ld be m g5]ally adopt$ ?an x is1 7 x n = an unf\nd$ & v extraord9>y notion t x t5ds to make !m bl9d4 ,! inhabitants ( ! ,ea/ obta9 f rice a v9\s liquor1 :i* is m intoxicat+ ?an ! /ronge/ w9e2 & an ard5t _s1 call$ arrack1 is also p>tly made f x4 ,! latt] is *iefly manufactur$ at ,batavia1 & at ,goa on ! coa/ ( ,malab>2 & is said to be di/ill$ f a mixture ( ! wort or infusion ( rice1 & ( toddy1 or ! juice ( ! cocoa-nut tree 7#bcc71 to :i* o!r +r$i5ts1 & p>ticul>ly spices1 are add$4 ,!re is only "o species ( rice2 b ! v>ieties ( x1 accord+ to ! soil1 climate1 & culture1 are v num]\s4 ---- ,,class ,,vii4--,,hept&ria4 ---- ,,monogynia4 #aag4 ,! ,,horse-,,*esnut 7sculus hippoca/anum1 ,fig4 #ff7 is a v common tree 9 p>ks & pleasure gr\nds1 be>+ leaves ea* compos$ ( sev5 l>ge lobes2 & hav+ l>ge & elegant clu/]s ( light-col\r$ fl[]s4 ,ea* fl[] consi/s ( five petals ( :ite col\r1 irregul>ly spott$ ) r$ & yell[2 & r\ndi%1 b undulat$ or wav$ at ! edges4 ,! fruit1 :i* is ( bitt] & unpleasant ta/e1 is enclos$ 9 a r\ndi% capsule or se$ vessel1 beset ) sp9es1 & divid$ into ?ree cells4 ,!re is no tree ( ,briti% gr[? m admir$1 or m des]v+ ( admiration on acc\nt ( its brilliant appe>ance at a v e>ly season ( ! ye> ?an ! *esnut4 ,its beautiful fl[]s1 9 upright conical spikes1 t]m9ate ! bran*es on all sides1 9 su* mann] t sometimes almo/ ! :ole tree appe>s z if x 7 cov]$ by !m4 ,! fruit ( ! horse-*esnut has be5 f\nd ( consid]able use 9 ! fatt5+ ( cattle1 ! tall[ ( :i* x is said to r5d] peculi>ly firm4 ,= ?is purpose1 h[ev]1 z well z = ! fe$+ ( %eep1 x has be5 consid]$ advantage\s to mac]ate ! nuts 9 lime wat]1 or 9 cau/ic alkali1 to deprive !m ( _! bitt]ness2 &1 aft]w>ds1 to wa% !m 9 wat]1 & boil !m into a pa/e4 ,goats & de] are p>tial to ^! nuts2 b !y are said to be un:olesome = sw9e4 ,9 ,turkey !y are gr\nd & mix$ ) prov5d] = horses2 &1 if !y c\ld be :olly dive/$ ( _! bitt]ness & acrimony1 x is suppos$ !y might be conv]t$ into bread4 ,a pat5t 0 grant$1 9 ! ye> #agif1 to ,"l ,w4 ,murray = 8 discov]y ( a me?od ( extract+ />* f horse-*esnuts2 & a pa/e or size has be5 made f !m1 :i* is pref]r$ by book-b9d]s1 %oe-mak]s1 & pap]-hang]s1 to t made f :eat5 fl[]4 ,!y conta9 a soapy quality1 & are us$1 9 "s p>ts ( ,france & ,switz]l&1 = clean+ wooll5s1 & = ! wa%+ & blea*+ ( l952 &1 if gr\nd & made into cakes or balls1 x is suppos$ !y might answ] ! purpose ( soap1 bo? 9 wa%+ & full+4 ,if a small portion ( horse-*esnut1 9 a /ate ( p[d]1 be snuff$ up ! no/rils1 x excites sneez+2 & ev5 an infusion or decoction ( x has be5 said to produce a simil> effect4 ,^! h consequ5tly be5 adm9i/]$ 9 "s compla9ts ( ! head & eyes1 & h be5 productive ( consid]able b5efit4 ,! prickly husks may be advantage\sly employ$ 9 ! tann+ ( lea!r4 ,! wood ( ! horse-*esnut tree is :ite1 s(t1 & ( little value4 ,x h[ev] s]ves occasionally = wat]-pipes1 = mill-timb]1 & turn]s' w>e4 ,& if x be dipp$ into scald+ oil1 & well pit*$1 x becomes extremely durable4 ,9 "s p>ts ( ! ,cont95t ! b>k ( ?is tree is us$ 9 ! cure ( int]mitt5t & o!r fev]s2 & "s writ]s h be5 ( op9ion t x might1 ) advantage1 be sub/itut$ 9 sev]al compla9ts = ,p]uvian b>k4 ,?is tree 0 fir/ br\ght into ,europe1 f ! nor!rn p>ts ( ,asia1 ab\t ! ye> #aeej2 & its gr[? is s rapid1 t trees1 rais$ f nuts1 h1 9 twelve or f\rte5 ye>s1 atta9$ ne>ly _! full dim5sions4 ,x is fur!r rem>kable1 9 ! gr[? ( ! horse-*esnut tree1 t ! :ole ( ! spr+ %oots are said to be complet$ 9 little m ?an ?ree weeks f ! fir/ op5+ ( ! buds4 ---- ,,class ,,viii4--,,oct&ria4 ---- ,,monogynia4 #aah4 ,,balsam1 or ,,balm ,,( ,,gilead1 is ! dri$ juice ( a l[ tree or %rub 7,amyris gilead5sis71 :i* gr[s 9 sev]al p>ts ( ,abyss9ia & ,syria4 ,?is tree has spread+ crook$ bran*es1 small bright gre5 leaves1 gr[+ 9 ?rees1 & small :ite fl[]s on sep>ate foot/alks4 ,! petals are f\r 9 numb]1 & ! fruit is a small egg-%ap$ b]ry1 conta9+ a smoo? nut4 ,by ! inhabitants ( ,syria & ,egypt1 ?is balsam1 z x appe>s f ! au?ority ( ! ,scriptures1 0 9 great e/eem 9 ! highe/ p]iods ( antiquity4 ,we are in=m$ by ,josephus1 ! ,jewi% hi/orian1 t ! balsam ( ,gilead 0 "o ( ! trees :i* 0 giv5 by ! ,que5 ( ,saba to ,k+ ,solomon4 ,^? ,i%maeliti% m]*ants1 :o 7 ! pur*as]s ( ,joseph1 are said to h be5 travell+ f ,gilead1 on ! ea/]n side ( ,canaan1 to ,egypt1 hav+ _! camels lad5 ) spic]y1 balm1 & myrrh4 ,x 0 !n1 & x /ill is1 consid]$ "o ( ! mo/ valuable m$ic9es t ! inhabitants ( ^? c\ntries possess$4 ,! virtues1 h[ev]1 :i* h be5 ascrib$ to x1 exce$ all rational b\nds ( cr$ibility4 ,! mode 9 :i* x is obta9$ is describ$ by ,mr4 ,bruce4 ,he says t ! b>k ( ! trees is cut1 = ?is purpose1 ) an axe1 at a "t :5 ! juices are 9 _! /ronge/ circulation4 ,^!1 z !y ooze ?r\gh ! w\nd1 are receiv$ into small e>!n bottles2 & e day's produce is ga!r$1 & p\r$ into a l>g] bottle1 :i* is closely cork$4 ,:5 ! juice fir/ issues f ! w\nd1 x is ( light yell[ col\r1 & some:at turbid appe>ance2 b1 z x settles1 x becomes cle>1 has ! col\r ( honey1 & appe>s m fix$ & heavy ?an at fir/4 ,its smell1 :5 fre%1 is exquisitely fragrant1 & /rongly pung5t1 n mu* unlike t ( volatile salts2 b1 if ! bottle be left uncork$1 x soon loses ?is quality4 ,its ta/e is bitt]1 acrid1 aromatic1 & a/r+5t4 ,! quantity ( balsam yield$ by "o tree nev] exce$s sixty drops 9 a day4 ,h5ce its sc>city is su* t ! g5u9e balsam is seldom export$ z an article ( comm]ce4 ,ev5 at ,con/ant9ople1 ! c5tre ( trade ( ^? c\ntries1 x _c1 )\t great difficulty1 be procur$4 ,9 ,turkey x is 9 high e/eem z a m$ic9e1 an odorif]\s ungu5t1 & a cosmetic4 ,b its /imulat+ prop]ties ^u ! sk9 are su* t ! face ( a p]son unaccu/om$ to use x becomes r$ & swoll51 & cont9ues s = "s days aft]w>d4 ,! ,turks also take x 9 small quantities1 9 wat]1 to =tify ! /oma*1 & excite ! animal faculties4 #aai4 ,,rose-,,wood 7,amyris balsamif]a7 is an odorif]\s tree1 ) smoo? oval leaves1 :i* gr[s 9 ! ,isl& ( ,jamaica4 ,! wood ( ?is tree is mu* us$ by cab9et-mak]s 9 ?is c\ntry = ! cov]+ or v5e]+ ( tables & o!r furniture4 ,its gra9 is ( d>k col\r1 & v beautiful4 ,?is tree yields an odorif]\s balsam1 :i* is mu* e/eem$1 bo? z an ext]nal application = ! cure ( w\nds1 & an int]nal m$ic9e 9 v>i\s diseases4 #abj4 ,! ,,common ,,maple 7,ac] campe/re7 is a l[ k9d ( tree1 common 9 woods & h$ges1 :i* has its leaves 9 lobes1 blunt1 & not*$1 & gre5 fl[]s 9 upright clu/]s4 ,by ! ,romans1 ! maple wood1 :5 knotty & ve9$1 0 (t5 highly priz$ = furniture4 ,! poet ,virgil speaks ( ,ev&] sitt+ on a maple ?rone4 ,! knots ( ?is wood 7 consid]$ to resemble ! figure ( birds1 bea/s1 & o!r animals3 & :5 bo>ds1 l>ge en\gh = tables1 7 f\nd ( ?is curi\s "p ( x1 ! extravagance ( pur*as]s is said to h be5 incr$ible4 ,inde$ its value1 9 t madly luxuri\s age1 is /at$ to h be5 su*1 t1 :51 at any "t1 ! ,romans reproa*$ _! wives = _! extravagance 9 pe>ls1 jewels1 or o!r ri* trifles1 ! latt] 7 accu/om$ to retort1 & turn ! tables ^u _! husb&s4 ,h5ce our expression ( turn+ ! tables ^u any p]son is said to h be5 d]iv$4 ,) u ! maple tree is us$ by turn]s1 p>ticul>ly = mak+ cups1 :i* may be r5d]$ s ?9 z to be almo/ transp>5t4 ,?is wood1 :]e x is devoid ( knots1 is rem>kably :ite1 & is sometimes us$ = dome/ic furniture4 ,on acc\nt ( its lightness x is frequ5tly employ$ = musical in/rum5ts1 & p>ticul>ly = ^? ( ! viol9 k9d4 #aba4 ,,sug> ,,maple 7,ac] sac*>9um7 is a ,nor?-,am]ican tree1 :i* gr[s to ! height ( fifty or sixty feet1 & has some:at h&-%ap$ leaves1 9 five divisions1 not*$ at ! edges1 & d[ny und]nea?4 ,?is l>ge & beautiful tree is mu* cultivat$ 9 ,am]ica on acc\nt *iefly ( ! juice :i* x yields1 & :i* is made into sug>4 ,! process ( obta9+ ! juice is1 9 ! spr+ ( ! ye>1 to bore holes ab\t two in*es deep into ! tree1 & to put into ea* ( ^! holes a project+ sp\t1 by :i* x may be convey$ into tr\ghs plac$ to receive x4 ,ea* tree w af=d f tw5ty to ?irty gallons ( juice1 f :i* may be obta9$ five or six p\nds ( sug>4 ,! juice is cle>1 ( pleasant flav\r2 &1 9 its simple /ate1 is sometimes drunk z a rem$y aga9/ ! scurvy4 ,! sug>1 :i* is obta9$ f x by evaporation1 is clean to ! eye1 & v sweet1 b x has a peculi>1 ?\gh n unpleasant ta/e4 ,x may be cl>ifi$ & ref9$ 9 ! same mann] z ! common sug>s4 ,! juice ( ! maple furni%es also a pleasant w9e1 & a v excell5t v9eg>4 ,! wood ( ?is tree is valuable z timb]1 & is also well adapt$ = turn]y & cab9et w>e1 m p>ticul>ly z x is said n to be liable to suff] by ! depr$ations ( insects4 ,possess+ ^! prop]ties1 & be+ suffici5tly h>dy to su/a9 ! rig\rs ev5 ( a cold climate1 its culture1 9 our own c\ntry1 w\ld be att5d$ ) great advantage1 & _c be too /rongly recomm5d$4 #abb4 ,! ,,sycamore 7,ac] pseudoplatanus1 ,fig4 #gj7 is a h&some tree ( ,briti% gr[?1 :i* has leaves 9 five lobes unequally s]rat$2 & gre5 fl[]s 9 p5dant clu/]s4 ,x is peculi>ly des]v+ ( rem>k conc]n+ ?is tree1 t x gr[s bett] ne> ! sea ?an 9 any o!r situation1 & t plantations ( sycamores may be s made z ev5 to def5d ! h]bage ( ! adjac5t c\ntry f ! spray1 & consequ5tly f ! injuri\s effects ( ! sea4 ,its gr[? is quick1 yet x w increase 9 size until x is two hundr$ ye>s old4 ,! soil 9 :i* x be/ fl\ri%es is a loose black e>?4 ,! only inconv5i5ces att5d+ x 9 plantations is ! e>ly %$d+ ( its leaves4 ,9 ! spr+ ( ! ye> ! inhabitants ( "s p>ts ( ,scotl& bore holes ?r\gh ! b>k ( ! sycamore1 at ! di/ance ( ab\t twelve in*es f ! root1 & suff] ! juice to dra9 into vessels1 to ! am\nt ( eight or n9e qu>ts a day f ea* tree4 ,?is liquor !y conv]t into a k9d ( w9e2 &1 if ! wat]y "p 7 evaporat$1 a useful sug> might be obta9$ f x4 ,! wood ( ! sycamore is s(t & :ite1 & 0 =m]ly mu* 9 reque/ by turn]s1 = mak+ tr5*]s1 di%es1 b[ls1 & o!r articles2 b1 s9ce ! g5]al introduction ( e>!n-w>e = all ^! purposes1 its value has greatly decreas$4 #abc4 ,,cranb]ries are a small r$ fruit ) purple dots1 produc$ by a sl5d] wiry plant 7,vacc9ium oxycoccos71 :i* gr[s 9 ! peaty bogs ( sev]al p>ts ( ! nor? ( ,engl&1 & also 9 ,norfolk1 ,l9coln%ire1 & ,cambridge%ire4 ,! leaves are small1 some:at oval1 & roll$ back at ! edges1 & ! /em is ?read-%ap$ & trail+4 ,! blossoms are small1 b beautiful1 ea* consi/+ ( f\r di/9ct petals roll$ back to ! base1 & ( deep fle% col\r4 ,! collect+ ( cranb]ries is a tiresome & disagreeable employm5t1 z ea* b]ry1 :i* seldom exce$s ! size ( a pea1 gr[s on a sep>ate /alk1 & ! morasses 9 :i* !y gr[ are frequ5tly v deep4 ,cranb]ries are mu* us$ 9 ! nor!rn c\nties1 & great quantities ( !m are bottl$ & s5t to ,london4 ,s consid]able a traffic 9 ?is fruit is c>ri$ on1 t1 at ,longt[n 9 ,cumb]l&1 ! am\nt ( a m>ket day's sale1 dur+ ! season = ga!r+ x1 is /at$ by ,dr4 ,)]+ to be f #bjl4 to #cjl4 ,cranb]ries beg9 to rip5 ab\t ! mon? ( ,augu/1 & cont9ue 9 p]fection = "s weeks4 ,!y are mu* us$ 9 confection>y1 b p>ticul>ly 9 t>ts2 _! ri* flav\r be+ v g5]ally e/eem$4 ,! usual mode ( pres]v+ !m is 9 dry bottles1 cork$ s closely z to exclude all access ( ! ext]nal air3 "s p]sons1 h[ev]1 fill up ! bottles ) spr+ wat]4 ,o!rs prep>e ?is fruit ) sug>4 ,f ! juice ( cranb]ries1 mix$ ) a c]ta9 portion ( sug>1 & prop]ly f]m5t$1 a grateful & :olesome w9e may be made4 ,! inhabitants ( ,sw$5 use ?is fruit only = ! clean+ ( silv] plate4 ,a consid]able quantity ( cranb]ries is annually import$1 into ?is c\ntry1 f ,nor? ,am]ica & ,russia4 ,^! are l>g] ?an our own1 ( a diff]5t species1 & by no means ( s pleasant flav\r4 #abd4 ,!re are ?ree o!r species ( fruit belong+ to ! cranb]ry tribe1 :i* gr[ wild 9 ?is c\ntry1 on hea?s or 9 woods4 ,^! are ,,bilb]ries1 or ,,blea-,,b]ries 7,vacc9ium myrtillus71 :i* are occasionally eat5 9 milk1 & 9 t>ts1 & :i* af=d a violet-col\r$ dye3 ,,great ,,bilb]ries 7,v4 ulig9osum71 :i*1 9 ,france1 are sometimes employ$ to t+e :ite w9es r$3 & ,,r$ ,,:ortle-,,b]ries 7,v4 vitis ida71 :i*1 ?\gh n ( v grateful flav\r1 are occasionally us$ 9 t>ts1 rob1 & jelly4 #abe4 ,! ,,common ,,hea?1 or ,,l+ 7,erica vulg>is71 is a well-kn[n plant1 ) num]\s small rose-col\r$ fl[]s1 :i* gr[s wild on hea?s & m\nta9\s wa/es1 9 ne>ly e "p ( ,engl&4 ,! pr9cipal use to :i* ! hea? is appli$ is = mak+ brooms or besoms4 ,x is likewise b\nd into fagots1 & employ$ z fuel1 p>ticul>ly = ov5s2 & is1 n unfrequ5tly1 employ$ 9 ! fill+ up ( dra9s1 & ! morassy p>ts ( roads1 previ\sly to _! be+ cov]$ ) e>?1 /ones1 & o!r durable mat]ials4 ,9 ! ,highl&s ( ,scotl&1 ! poor] inhabitants make walls1 = _! cottages1 ) alt]nate lay]s ( hea? & a k9d ( mort> made ( black e>? & /raw3 !y likewise ?at* _! cab9s ) x1 & make _! b$s ( x4 ,! inhabitants ( ,islay1 "o ( ! we/]n isl&s ( ,scotl&1 are said to brew a :olesome k9d ( be] f "o "p ( malt1 & two p>ts ( ! "y tops ( hea?4 ,! /alks & tops may be r5d]$ ( consid]able s]vice 9 ! tann+ ( lea!r2 & 9 dye+ wooll5 clo? an orange col\r4 ,bees are p>tial to ! fl[]s2 b ! honey :i* !y =m1 aft] hav+ f$ ^u ^! fl[]s1 acquires a r$di% t9t4 ,! leaves & se$s ( hea? af=d a grateful food to gr\se1 & o!r animals4 ,,trigynia4 #abf4 ,,buck:eat1 or ,,brank1 is a black & triangul> gra91 produc$ by a plant ( ! p]sic>ia tribe 7,polygonum fagopyrum71 ) some:at arr[-%ap$ leaves1 & purpli% :ite fl[]s4 ,al?\gh buck:eat may n[ be consid]$ z 9 "s degree naturaliz$ 9 ?is c\ntry1 & z gr[+ wild ne> our fields & dunghills1 x 0 orig9ally introduc$ f ! nor!rn p>ts ( ,asia1 & 0 fir/ cultivat$ "h ab\t ! ye> #afjj4 ,! fl[]s appe> ab\t ,july1 & ! se$s rip5 9 ,octob]2 & s t5d] are ! plants1 t a s+le night's %>p fro/ w de/roy a :ole crop4 ,z a gra91 buck:eat has be5 pr9cipally cultivat$ = ox51 sw9e1 & p\ltry2 & al?\gh "s f>m]s /ate t a s+le bu%el ( x is equal 9 quality to two bu%els ( oats1 o!rs ass]t t x is a v unpr(itable food4 ,mix$ ) bran1 *aff1 or gra9s1 x is sometimes giv5 to horses4 ,! fl[] ( buck:eat is occasionally us$ = bread1 b m frequ5tly = ! ?9 cakes call$ crumpets4 ,9 ,g]many x s]ves z an +r$i5t 9 pottage1 pudd+s1 & o!r food4 ,be] may be brew$ f x2 &1 by di/illation1 x yields an excell5t _s4 ,! be/ mode ( h>ve/+ ?is gra9 is said to be by pull+ x out ( ! gr\nd l flax1 /ripp+ (f ! se$s by ! h&1 & collect+ ^! into aprons1 or clo?s ti$ r\nd ! wai/4 ,buck:eat is mu* cultivat$ 9 ! doma9s ( noblem5 & g5tlem5 possess$ ( l&$ prop]ty1 z a food = pheasants4 ,) "s f>m]s x is ! practice to s[ buck:eat = ! purpose only ( pl\gh+ x into ! gr\nd1 z a manure = ! l&4 ,:il/ gre51 x s]ves z food = %eep & ox52 &1 mix$ ) o!r prov5d]1 x may also be giv51 ) advantage to horses4 ,! blossoms may be us$ = dye+ a br[n col\r4 ,! pr9cipal advantage ( buck:eat is1 t x is capable ( be+ cultivat$ ^u l& :i* w produce sc>cely any ?+ else1 & t its culture1 comp>atively ) t ( o!r gra91 is att5d$ ) little exp5se4 ---- ,,class ,,ix4--,,enne&ria4 ---- ,,monogynia4 #abg4 ,,c9namon is ! "u b>k ( ! bran*es ( a tree ( ! bay tribe 7,laurus c9namomum1 ,fig4 #dj17 :i* is *iefly f\nd 9 ! isl& ( ,ceylon1 b :i* also gr[s 9 ,malab> & o!r p>ts ( ! ,ea/ ,indies4 ,?is tree atta9s ! height ( tw5ty or ?irty feet4 ,its leaves are oval1 ea* f f\r to six in*es long1 & m>k$ ) ?ree pr9cipal n]ves4 ,! fl[]s /& on sl5d] foot/alks1 & are ( pale yell[ col\r2 & ! fruit is some:at %ap$ l an acorn4 ,!re are two pr9cipal seasons ( ! ye> 9 :i* ! ,ceylonese ent] _! woods = ! purpose ( b>k+ ! c9namon trees4 ,! fir/ ( ^! comm5ces 9 ,april1 & ! la/ 9 ,novemb]3 b ! =m] is t 9 :i* ! great crop is obta9$4 ,9 ?is op]ation ! bran*es ( ?ree ye>s' gr[? are cut d[n1 & ! outside pellicle ( ! b>k is scrap$ away4 ,! twigs are !n ripp$ up l5g?ways ) a knife1 & ! b>k is gradually loos5$ till x c be entirely tak5 (f4 ,x is !n cut into slices1 :i*1 on be+ expos$ to ! sun1 curl up 9 dry+4 ,! small] pieces or quills1 z !y are call$1 are ins]t$ into ! l>g] ones1 & ! :ole are aft]w>ds ti$ into bundles4 ,c9namon is exam9$ & arrang$1 accord+ to its quality1 by p]sons :o1 = ?is purpose1 are oblig$ to ta/e & *ew x4 ,?is is a v tr\blesome & disagreeable "w2 & few p]sons are able to cont9ue x m ?an two or ?ree days successively1 z ! c9namon deprives ! tongue & lips ( all ! mucus ) :i* !y are cov]$4 ,aft] ?is exam9ation1 ! bundles are made up to ! l5g? ( ab\t f\r feet1 & weight ( eighty-eight p\nds ea*4 ,f ! roots ( ! trees num]\s (fsets %oot up4 ,^!1 :5 !y h atta9$ ! height ( ab\t t5 feet1 are cut d[n & b>k$1 be+ !n ab\t ! ?ickness ( a common walk+-/ick4 ,! c9namon :i* !y yield is mu* f9] ?an any o!r4 ,a ,fr5* %ip1 b\nd 9 #aghb1 f ! isl& ( ,b\rbon1 to ,cape ,franois 9 ,/4 ,dom+o1 & hav+ on bo>d v>i\s ori5tal productions1 ! c9namon tree among ! re/1 0 tak5 by ! late ,admiral ,rodney1 :o pres5t$ ! trees to ! assembly ( ,jamaica2 &1 f ?is p>5t /ock1 diff]5t p>ts ( t isl& 7 aft]w>ds suppli$4 ,9 ,ceylon ! c9namon trees are said to be s common z to be us$ = fuel & o!r dome/ic purposes4 ,! smell ( c9namon1 p>ticul>ly ( ! ?9ne/ pieces1 is delightfully fragrant2 & its ta/e is pung5t & aromatic1 ) consid]able sweetness & a/r+5cy4 ,if infus$ 9 boil+ wat] 9 a cov]$ vessel1 x gives out mu* ( its grateful flav\r1 & =ms an agreeable liquid4 ,an oil is extract$ f c9namon1 :i* is heavi] ?an wat]4 ,?is is prep>$ 9 ,ceylon1 & almo/ :olly f ! small & brok5 pieces4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 obta9$ 9 su* small quantity t ! oil ( cassia 7#abh7 is g5]ally sub/itut$ = x4 ,inde$ ! cassia b>k is (t5 sub/itut$ = c9namon1 to :i* x has consid]able resemblance1 al?\gh1 9 its qualities1 x is mu* weak]1 & al?\gh x is imm$iately di/+ui%able by its slimy ta/e4 ,! virtues ( c9namon are n conf9$ to ! b>k4 ,! leaves1 ! fruit1 & ! root all yield oil ( consid]able value4 ,t f ! fruit is highly fragrant1 ( ?ick consi/5ce1 &1 9 ,ceylon1 0 =m]ly made into c&les = ! exclusive use ( ! k+4 #abh4 ,,wild ,,c9namon1 or ,,cassia1 is ! b>k ( a tree ( ! bay tribe 7,laurus cassia71 :i* gr[s 9 ! ,ea/ ,indies & ,*9a1 & is di/+ui%$ by hav+ spe>-%ap$ leaves1 ea* ) ?ree n]ves4 ,?is b>k 0 well kn[n to ! anci5ts1 & highly e/eem$ by !m3 b1 s9ce ! use ( c9namon has be5 g5]ally adopt$1 ! cassia b>k has fall5 into disrepute on acc\nt ( its inf]iority4 ,x is ?ick] & m co>se ?an c9namon1 ( weak] quality1 & ab\nds m ) a viscid mucilag9\s matt]4 ,= _m purposes1 h[ev]1 cassia1 z be+ mu* less exp5sive1 is sub/itut$ = c9namon1 b m p>ticul>ly = ! prep>ation ( :at is call$ oil ( c9namon3 & ne>ly ! :ole ( :at is at pres5t sold "u ! "n ei!r ( simple or spiritu\s c9namon wat] is prep>$ f cassia4 ,! buds1 z well z ! b>k1 ( ?is tree are us$ 9 cul9>y prep>ations1 & = sev]al o!r purposes4 ,!y are *iefly import$ f ,*9a4 #abi4 ,,camphor is a :ite res9\s production ( peculi> & p[]ful smell1 :i* is extract$ f two or ?ree k9ds ( trees ( ! bay tribe t gr[ 9 ! isl&s ( ! ,ea/ ,indies1 & 9 ,*9a4 ,( ^! ! pr9cipal is ,laurus camphora 7,fig4 #da74 ,x is ( consid]able height1 mu* bran*$1 & has spe>-%ap$ leaves1 ) n]ves1 ( pale yell[i% gre5 col\r on ! upp] side1 & blui% gre5 b5ea?4 ,! fl[]s are small & :ite1 & /& on /alks :i* issue f ! junction ( ! leaves & bran*es4 ,camphor is f\nd 9 e "p ( ! trees2 9 ! int]/ices ( ! p]p5dicul> fibres1 & 9 ve9s ( ! wood2 9 ! crevices & knots1 9 ! pi?1 & 9 ! roots4 ,! modes by :i* x is extract$ diff] 9 diff]5t c\ntries4 ,9 ,borneo & ,sumatra1 ! l>ge/ pieces are pick$ out ) %>p in/rum5ts2 & ! small] ones are procur$ by rasps1 to :i*1 along ) bits ( wood & o!r impurities1 !y adh]e4 ,! ,*9ese cut (f ! bran*es1 *op !m v small1 & place !m 9 spr+ wat] = "s days4 ,!y !n put !m into a kettle1 & boil !m = a c]ta9 "t1 dur+ :i* !y keep con/antly /irr+ !m ) a /ick4 ,z soon z ! camphor1 9 a :ite & fro/$ appe>ance1 is obs]v$ to adh]e to ! /ick1 ! :ole is /ra9$4 ,! liquor is subsequ5tly p\r$ into a bas91 &1 aft] "s h\rs1 ! camphor coagulates into a solid mass4 ,9 ,japan x is usual to obta9 camphor by cutt+ ! roots & extremities ( ! bran*es into *ips1 & expos+ !m to ! /eam ( wat] 9 close vessels4 ,9 o!r c\ntries ! roots1 wood1 & leaves1 are all boil$ 9 l>ge iron pots1 hav+ a k9d ( tubul> app>atus1 :i* is /uff$ ) /raw1 & leads to c]ta9 l>ge vessels call$ receiv]s4 ,9 ?is op]ation mo/ ( ! camphor becomes cond5s$ 9 a solid =m among/ ! /raw2 & ! rema9d] passes ) ! wat] into ! receiv]4 ,9 a crude /ate camphor is =m$ into irregul> lumps ( yell[i% grey col\r1 some:at resembl+ nitre1 or saltpetre4 ,x is import$ into ,europe 9 cani/]s2 & ! ref9+ ( x 0 long kept a secret by ! ,v5etians4 ,! ,dut* h s9ce p]=m$ ?is "w2 & l>ge quantities ( camphor are n[ also ref9$ by "s ( ! ,engli% *emi/s4 ,! be/ camphor is import$ f ,sumatra4 ,! pr9cipal use ( ?is drug is 9 m$ic9e2 & x 0 =m]ly 9 high repute4 ,dr4 ,cull5 says t x has be5 employ$ ) advantage 9 fev]s ( almo/ all k9ds3 b1 s9ce ! free use ( opium has be5 introduc$1 camphor has be5 little employ$ 9 ?is c\ntry1 ?\gh its utility has be5 fully e/abli%$ by "s ( ! mo/ em95t practition]s ( ! ,cont95t4 ,x has (t5 be5 f\nd to relieve too?-a*e & rheumatism4 ,sev]al prep>ations ( camphor1 9 comb9ation ) o!r sub/ances1 are us$ 9 m$ic9e1 ( :i*1 p]haps1 ! mo/ common is t ) _s ( w9e4 ,to insects ! effluvium ( camphor is s disagreeable t !y quickly avoid x4 ,h5ce x is cu/om>y to place pieces ( x 9 collections ( natural hi/ory1 to prev5t _! de/ruction by ^! voraci\s little creatures4 ,= c>p5t]s' "w ! wood ( ! camphor tree is mu* 9 reque/4 ,x is light & durable2 &1 9 consequ5ce ( long reta9+ its aromatic smell1 is n liable to be injur$ by insects4 ,plants ( ! camphor & c9namon trees 7 captur$1 f ! ,fr5*1 9 #aghb1 by ,admiral ,rodney1 & aft]w>ds convey$ to ,jamaica1 & propagat$ !re4 ,sev]al %rubs & plants ( our own c\ntry conta9 camphor 9 consid]able quantity4 ,! pr9cipal ( ^! are rosem>y1 sage1 lav5d]1 & m>joram4 #acj4 ,! ,,common ,,sweet ,,bay 7,laurus nobilis7 is an ev]gre5 %rub1 :i* gr[s 9 ,italy & o!r s\!rn p>ts ( ,europe1 & is pr9cipally celebrat$ z t :i* 0 anci5tly us$ to =m ! cr[n ( victory among poets4 ,its leaves are ( %9+ gre5 col\r1 some:at spe>-%ap$1 & (t5 wav$ t[>ds ! edge4 ,! fl[]s appe> 9 ,april & ,may1 9 clu/]s ( ?ree or f\r toge!r on %ort foot/alks4 ,! corolla is 9 f\r segm5ts ( yell[i% :ite col\r1 & is succe$$ by an oval b]ry cov]$ ) a d>k gre5 r9d4 ,?is h&some %rub is common 9 our g>d5s & %rubb]ies4 ,its leaves af=d1 by di/illation1 an useful oil1 :i* is occasionally employ$ 9 m$ic9e4 ,!y are also employ$1 9 cook]y1 to flav\r cu/>ds1 pudd+s1 /ews1 & pickles2 & ,dr4 ,woodville assures u t !y may ?us be us$ n only ) safety1 b ev5 ) advantage1 z assi/+ dige/ion4 ,! b]ries or fruit ( ! bay tree1 :i* h an aromatic smell1 & a w>m1 bitt]i%1 & pung5t ta/e1 7 mu* us$ by ! anci5t ,romans = cul9>y purposes4 ,we import !m *iefly f ! coa/s ( ! ,m$it]ranean4 ,f ! b]ries1 9 a rec5t /ate1 ! p ( ,spa9 & ,italy obta91 by pressure1 a gre5 aromatic oil1 :i* is employ$ 9 m$ic9e1 ext]nally1 z a /imulant 9 n]v\s1 p>alytic1 & o!r disord]s4 #aca4 ,! ,,alligator ,,pe> is a pe>-%ap$ fruit1 produc$ by a species ( bay tree 7,laurus p]sea71 t is mu* cultivat$ 9 ! ,we/ ,indies4 ,?is tree1 :i* is an ev]gre51 has a /raight /em1 & gr[s to a consid]able height4 ,its leaves are some:at oval1 lea!ry1 transv]sely ve9$1 & ( beautiful gre5 col\r2 & ! fl[]s gr[ 9 bun*es4 ,to ! inhabitants ( ! ,we/ ,indian isl&s1 p>ticul>ly ! negroes1 ?is fruit1 :i* rip5s 9 ! mon?s ( ,augu/ & ,septemb]1 is an agreeable1 &1 9 "s respects1 an important article ( diet4 ,:5 ripe ! pulp is ( yell[ col\r1 ( consi/5ce some:at h>d] ?an t ( butt]1 &1 9 ta/e1 n mu* unlike m>r[4 ,! negroes frequ5tly make _! meals ( ^! pe>s1 a little salt1 & planta9s2 & !y are occasionally s]v$ up at ! tables ( ! :ite p z fruit4 ,_! ext]ior surface is cov]$ ) a gre5 sk92 & 9 ! c5tre !re is a l>ge r\nd se$ or /one1 extremely h>d & woody1 ) an unev5 surface4 ,?is /one is us$ = ! m>k+ ( l954 ,! clo? is held or ti$ ov] ! /one2 & ! lett]s are prick$ by a ne$le1 ?r\gh ! clo?1 into ! out] cov]+ ( ! /one4 ,by ?is means x is /a9$ ( an indelible r$di% br[n col\r1 9 ! direction along :i* ! ne$le has pass$4 ,! leaves are us$ by ! negroes m$ic9ally4 #acb4 ,,sassafras is ! wood ( a ,nor? ,am]ican tree ( ! bay tribe 7,lauras sassafras71 & is import$ into ,europe 9 long /raight pieces1 :i* are ( light & por\s texture1 & cov]$ ) a r\gh fung\s b>k4 ,?is tree is sometimes tw5ty or ?irty feet high4 ,! bran*es are crook$1 & ! leaves v>i\s1 bo? 9 =m & size1 "s ( !m be+ oval & entire1 & o!rs hav+ two or ?ree lobes4 ,!y are pale gre51 & d[ny b5ea?4 ,! fl[]s1 :i* are ( a d+y yell[ col\r1 appe> 9 p5dant spikes4 ,?is wood has a fragrant smell1 & an aromatic & some:at acrid1 ?\gh sweeti% ta/e1 t are also obs]vable 9 ! b>k1 ! small] twigs1 & ! roots1 all ( :i* are import$ into ?is c\ntry z well z ! wood4 ,infusions & decoctions ( sassafras are frequ5tly tak5 z a m$ic9e = improv+ ! tone ( ! /oma* & b[els1 9 p]sons ^: hum\rs are 9 a vitiat$ /ate4 ,soon aft] its introduction into ,europe1 9 ! ye> #aefj1 ?is m$ic9e 0 9 su* high repute z to be sold1 on ! ,cont95t1 at ! rate ( fifty livres p] p\nd2 & its virtues 7 extoll$ 9 num]\s publications t 7 writt5 on ! subject4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 n[ consid]$ ( little importance2 & sassafras is seldom employ$ b 9 conjunction ) o!r m$ic9es1 :i*1 9 _! nature1 are m p[]ful4 ,infusions ( sassafras are sold 9 ! /reets ( ,london1 "u ! "n ( saloop4 ,we are in=m$ t1 9 _m p>ts ( ,am]ica1 :]e ! sassafras trees n only gr[ 9 great numb]s 9 ! woods1 b are plant$ along ! f5ces ( enclosures1 x is n unusual to make b$-po/s ( ! wood1 = ! purpose ( expell+ bugs4 ,its p[]ful sc5t drives away ^! disagreeable insects2 & "s p]sons put *ips ( sassafras into _! w>drobes & *e/s1 to prev5t ! attack ( mo?s4 ,?is wood s]ves = ! po/s ( enclosures1 to :i*1 by its la/+ nature 9 ! gr\nd1 x is peculi>ly adapt$4 ,! b>k ( ! sassafras tree is us$ by ! ,am]ican wom5 = dye+ wor/$1 :i* x does ( a p]man5t & beautiful orange col\r4 #acc4 ,! ,,ca%ew ,,nut is a small kidney-=m$ nut1 :i* gr[s at ! extremity ( a some:at pe>-%ap$ ,indian fruit4 ,! tree :i* produces x 7,anac>dium occid5tale1 ,fig4 #db7 some:at resembles a walnut tree 9 %ape1 z well z 9 ! smell ( its leaves1 :i* are lea!ry1 some:at oval & %9+4 ,! fl[]s are r$1 & sweet-sc5t$4 ,! size ( ?is fruit is ne>ly t ( a l>ge pe>1 & ! col\r ( its pulp is sometimes yell[ & sometimes r$4 ,! s+ul>ity ( its =m1 ) a nut or /one at ! extremity1 in/ead ( ! c5tre1 g5]ally excites ! surprise ( p]sons :5 !y fir/ see x4 ,9 a ripe /ate ! fruit is sometimes roa/$1 cut 9 slices1 & us$ z an agreeable acid 9 pun*4 ,its juice1 :5 f]m5t$1 is made into w9e2 &1 on di/illation1 yields a _s :i* "s p]sons pref] ev5 to rum4 ,! nuts are ea* enclos$ 9 two %ells1 connect$ toge!r by a cellul> sub/ance1 :i* conta9s a ?ick1 inflammable1 & v cau/ic oil4 ,! k]nels ( ^! nuts h a peculi>ly sweet & pleasant flav\r1 & are eat5 ei!r raw or roa/$1 & sometimes ev5 pickl$4 ,x is said t ! negroes ( ,brazil1 :o eat ( ^! nuts z "p ( _! su/5ance1 f9d !m peculi>ly :olesome1 & t !y are reliev$1 by ! use ( !m1 f v>i\s disord]s ( ! /oma*4 ,!y are also us$ 9 m$ic9e1 z almonds2 &1 :5 gr\nd ) ! *ocolate nut1 !y greatly improve its flav\r4 ,ca%ew nuts may be kept1 )\t any great alt]ation ( _! quality1 = _m ye>s4 ,if ! %ells be brok51 & ! nuts be laid = a little :ile on ! fire1 !y op5 ( !mselves2 & ! k]nels be+ tak5 out1 ! ?9 br[n sk9 :i* cov]s !m mu/ be remov$ previ\sly to _! be+ eat54 ,x is necess>y to be cauti\s1 respect+ ! oil1 t x d n come 9 contact ) ! m\? or lips2 z1 9 su* case1 x w\ld inflame & excoriate !m4 ,! oil ( ! ca%ew nut is sometimes appli$1 by ! inhabitants ( ! ,we/ ,indies 7?\gh mu* caution is requisite 9 ! use ( x7 z a means ( corrod+ canc]\s ulc]s1 corns1 & r+-worms2 & "s ( ! ,we/ ,indian ladies1 :5 !y imag9e !mselves too mu* tann$ by ! scor*+ rays ( ! sun1 cut (f ! out] %ell ( ! nut1 & rub ! oil ^u _! faces z a cosmetic4 ,! imm$iate consequ5ces ( ?is extraord9>y op]ation are swell+ & blackness ( ! p>ts2 &1 9 five or six days1 ! :ole sk9 peels (f1 leav+ ! face s sore & t5d]1 t x is impossible = ! p]son us+ x to appe> abroad 9 less ?an a =tnight2 by :i* "t ! new sk9 is suffici5tly h>d5$1 & is z fair z t ( a newly-born infant4 ,!re are1 h[ev]1 few ,briti% females :o w\ld cons5t to be ?us flay$ alive = ! sake ( r5d]+ !mselves fair4 ,?is oil t+es l95 a p]man5t ru/y iron col\r4 ,f ! ,ca%ew nut tree a milky juice is obta9$1 by tapp+ or incision1 :i* /a9s1 ( a deep black col\r1 :atev] x t\*es4 ,! f9e black v>ni% s mu* us$ 9 ,*9a & ,japan is ! res9\s juice ( a tree call$ fsi-*u1 :i* is conjectur$ to be ! ca%ew nut tree4 ,,trigynia4 #acd4 ,! ,,true or ,,(fic9al ,,rhub>b 7,rheum palmatum7 is a m$ic9al root :i* gr[s wild 9 v>i\s p>ts ( ,asia4 ,! leaves :i* issue f ?is root are l>ge1 & deeply cut into lobes2 & ! :ole plant has a g5]al resemblance to :at 9 our c\ntry are call$ docks4 ,! /em is erect & six or sev5 feet high4 ,! leaves /& on foot/alks1 t are some:at groov$ above1 & r\nd$ at ! edge4 ,^? :i* proce$ f ! /alk supply at ! jo9ts a k9d ( membrane\s %ea?s4 ,! fl[]s t]m9ate ! bran*es 9 clu/]s4 ,! importance & ! prop]ties ( ?is root 9 m$ic9e are univ]sally kn[n4 ,rhub>b is usually import$ f ,turkey1 b x is occasionally also br\ght f ,russia1 ,*9a1 & ! ,ea/ ,indies4 ,dr4 ,woodville /ates t ! ,turkey rhub>b is br\ght ov] 9 oblong pieces1 flatti% on "o side1 & r\nd$ on ! o!r2 & t x is compact1 h>d1 heavy1 & int]nally ( a dull col\r1 v>iegat$ ) yell[ & :ite4 ,! ,*9ese rhub>b is 9 r\ndi% pieces1 ea* ) a l>ge hole ?r\gh ! c5tre4 ,x is s(t] ?an ! =m]1 & exhibits1 :5 brok51 _m /reaks ( bright r$ col\r4 ,9 "s ( ! m\nta9s ( ,t>t>y1 rhub>b plants are f\nd 9 great abundance4 ,! roots1 :5 fir/ dug out ( ! gr\nd1 are ?ick1 fle%y1 ext]nally ( yell[i% br[n col\r1 & int]nally ( bright yell[ /reak$ ) r$ ve9s4 ,:5 !y h atta9$ suffici5t size1 !y are dug up & cleans$2 & ! small fibres & ! r9d be+ cut (f1 !y are divid$ into pieces ( prop] size4 ,ea* piece is !n p]=at$ 9 ! middle1 & !y are /rung on cords 9 su* mann] z n to t\* ea* o!r1 & are susp5d$ to dry1 ei!r ^u adjac5t trees1 or 9 ! t5ts4 ,! sum exp5d$ = ! importation ( ?is drug is said to exce$ #bjj1jjjl4 p] annum1 a great proportion ( :i*1 x is presum$1 might be sav$ to ! c\ntry by cultivation ( ! plants 9 ,great ,brita94 ,?is 0 fir/ attempt$1 ab\t sixty ye>s ago1 by ,dr4 ,hope1 9 ! botanic g>d5 at ,ed9burgh1 & ) su* success z to prove t ! climate ev5 ( ,scotl& w\ld be no ob/acle to its increase4 ,9 #agia1 ,sir ,william ,=dyce receiv$ f ! ,society = ,enc\ragem5t ( ,arts1 ,manufactures1 & ,comm]ce1 a gold m$al1 = hav+ rais$ m ?an #cjj plants ( ! true rhub>b f se$4 ,&1 9 #aghc1 ,mr4 ,davis1 ( ,m9ehead1 9 ,som]set%ire1 br\ght to p]fection z _m plants z yield$ ?ree hundr$ p\nds' weight ( dri$ rhub>b4 ,s9ce ?is p]iod1 rhub>b has be5 gr[n1 9 diff]5t p>ts ( ,engl&1 to great ext5t2 & has s f> fl\ri%$1 t "s ( ! roots h weigh$ sev5ty p\nds & upw>ds4 ,! pr9cipal difficulty has att5d$ ! cur+ ( x2 b ?is1 aft] num]\s exp]im5ts1 has at l5g? be5 p]=m$ 9 su* mann]1 t ! ,engli% drug has be5 f\nd equal1 or ne>ly equal1 to t :i* is import$ f ,turkey & ,*9a4 ,! b>k ( rhub>b has be5 us$ = t9ctures1 & f\nd1 9 e respect1 z efficaci\s z ! be/ "p ( ! roots3 & ! se$s possess ne>ly ! same qualities4 ,! leaves imp>t an agreeable acidity1 some:at simil> to t ( sorrel2 & a m>malade1 :i* may1 ) advantage1 be adopt$ = *ildr51 is made f ! fre% /alks1 by /ripp+ (f ! b>k1 & boil+ ! pulp ) an equal quantity ( sug>4 #ace4 ,! ,,common ,,rhub>b 7,rheum rhaponticum71 is a plant :i* is cultivat$ 9 kit*5 g>d5s1 & has l>ge1 blunt & smoo? leaves1 & ! leaf-/alks furr[$ on ! upp] side1 & r\nd$ at ! edge4 ,?is species ( rhub>b gr[s wild on ! m\nta9s ( ,rhodope1 9 ,?race1 :5ce x 0 fir/ propagat$ 9 o!r p>ts ( ,europe1 ab\t ! ye> #afcj4 ,x is *iefly 9 reque/ = ! foot/alks ( ! leaves1 :i* are us$1 79 ! e>ly "p ( ! ye>1 :5 !re is little fruit7 = pies & t>ts4 ,! root has "s ( ! qualities ( ! true rhub>b1 & has occasionally be5 impos$ ^u pur*as]s = t drug4 ---- ,,class ,x4--,,dec&ria4 ---- ,,monogynia4 #acf4 ,,s5na is a drug1 ! dri$ leaves ( an annual plant 7,cassia s5na7 :i* gr[s 9 v>i\s p>ts ( ,africa & ,asia4 ,! /ems ( ?is plant are woody1 & n unlike ^? ( a %rub4 ,! leaves are w+$1 & ! leaflets oval1 smoo?1 & po9t$4 ,! fl[]s1 :i* gr[ 9 l5g!n$ clu/]s1 & are ( pale yell[ col\r1 are succe$$ by oblong1 compress$1 & kidney-%ap$ pods4 ,! cultivation ( s5na is c>ri$ on to consid]able ext5t 9 ,e?iopia1 ,arabia1 ,p]sia1 & ,upp] ,egypt1 f sev]al ( :i* c\ntries x has1 f "t immemorial1 be5 br\ght by ! c>avans to ,alex&ria1 z ! mo/ conv5i5t port :5ce x c\ld be %ipp$ or sold into ,europe4 ,f ?is circum/ance1 x is sometimes d5om9at$ ,alex&rian s5na4 ,! process ( /ripp+ & dry+ ! leaves is p]fectly simple4 ,:5 dri$1 !y are ( a yell[i% gre5 col\r1 h a fa9t1 ?\gh n unpleasant smell1 & a some:at acrid1 bitt]i%1 & nause\s ta/e4 ,^! leaves h long be5 9 use 9 ,ea/]n c\ntries z a m$ic9e2 & _! repute1 ?\gh n s great z 9 ! ,ea/1 is v consid]able 9 ,europe4 ,!y are adm9i/]$ 9 v>i\s ways2 & ! pods h ! same effect z ! leaves4 ,a k9d ( s5na has ( late be5 cultivat$1 ) success1 9 ,italy & "s ( ! s\!rn p>ts ( ,france4 #acg4 ,! ,,(fic9al ,,cassia is a some:at cyl9drical pod1 ab\t an in* 9 diamet]1 & a foot or m 9 l5g?1 ! fruit ( a tree 7,cassia fi/ula7 :i* is cultivat$ 9 ,egypt1 ! ,ea/ & ,we/ ,indies1 & ,s\? ,am]ica4 ,?is tree is =ty or fifty feet high1 & mu* bran*$4 ,its leaves are w+$1 ) five pair ( leaflets1 some:at oval1 po9t$1 smoo?1 & ( pale gre5 col\r4 ,! fl[]s are l>ge1 yell[1 & gr[ 9 oblong clu/]s4 ,! pods are divid$1 by transv]se p>titions1 into num]\s cells1 ea* conta9+ "o se$4 ,^! pods are 9 reque/ on acc\nt ( ! black1 sweeti%1 b some:at acid pulp1 :i* is conta9$ 9 _! cells1 & :i* is us$1 9 _m cases1 z a mild op5+ m$ic9e4 ,x is cu/om>y 9 ,egypt to pluck ! pods be=e !y are q ripe1 & to place !m 9 a h\se1 f :i* ! ext]nal air is1 z mu* z possible1 exclud$4 ,!y are !n laid 9 b$s ab\t six in*es deep1 hav+ palm leaves int]pos$ betwixt !m4 ,on ! two foll[+ days ! :ole are spr9kl$ ) wat]2 &1 9 ! c\rse ( ab\t six weeks1 !y are 9 a fit /ate to be pack$ = sale4 ,! ,ea/ ,indian & ,we/ ,indian cassia some:at diff]1 bo? 9 appe>ance & qualities4 ,( ! =m] ! pods are smoo!r1 small]1 & h a ?9n] r9d2 & ! pulp is ( a deep] %9+ black col\r1 sweet]1 & m agreeable to ! ta/e4 ,9 *oos+ cassia1 ^? pods %\ld be select$ :i* are ! heavie/1 & 9 :i* ! se$s d n rattle on be+ %ak54 #ach4 ,,lignum ,,vit & ,,guiacum are ! wood & res9 ( a l>ge ,we/ ,indian tree 7,guiacum (fic9ale1 ,fig4 #gg7 :i* has w+$ leaves 9 two sets ^u "o foot/alk1 & regul> fl[]s ( five petals4 ,! usual height ( ?is tree is betwe5 ?irty & =ty feet4 ,! leaves consi/ ( two1 ?ree1 & sometimes f\r pairs ( leaflets1 :i* are some:at oval1 & ( %9+ d>k gre5 col\r4 ,! fl[]s spr+1 9 clu/]s1 f ! division ( ! small] bran*es2 ! petals are ( a ri* blue col\r1 & ! /am5s are cr[n$ ) yell[i% an!rs4 ,! wood1 res91 b>k1 & ev5 ! fl[]s ( ?is tree1 are all ( use ei!r 9 ! me*anical arts or 9 m$ic9e4 ,! =m]1 :i* is yell[ t[>ds ! outside1 ( deep blacki% br[n col\r 9 ! c5tre1 & s compact & heavy z to s9k1 :5 imm]s$ 9 wat]1 is *iefly employ$ 9 ! ,we/ ,indies = ! :eels & cogs ( sug> mills4 ,x is also =m$ into mort>s1 b[ls1 & dome/ic ut5sils ( v>i\s k9ds1 = :i*1 on acc\nt ( its h>dness1 & n be+ liable to w>p1 x is peculi>ly valuable4 ,lignum vitae is *iefly import$ into ?is c\ntry f ,jamaica1 9 logs or pieces ( f\r or five hundr$ p\nds' weight ea*1 & is 9 great reque/ = s*ool-boys' rul]s1 & num]\s articles ( turn]y w>e4 ,a decoction ( ! wood1 :5 rasp$1 is occasionally adm9i/]$ z a m$ic9e 9 rheumatic & g\ty affections4 ,! res9 ( ?is tree is sometimes obta9$ by w\nd+ ! b>k 9 diff]5t p>ts4 ,x exudes ?r\gh ! w\nds2 &1 :5 suffici5tly h>d5$ by exposure to ! sun1 is tak5 (f1 & pack$ 9 small kegs = exportation4 ,sometimes x is obta9$ by saw+ ! wood into billets1 ea* ab\t ?ree feet 9 l5g?1 :i* are !n bor$ ) an augur longitud9ally1 & laid ^u a fire1 9 su* position t ! melt$ res91 :i* fl[s ?r\gh ! hole z ! wood burns1 may be receiv$ into a vessel plac$ = ! purpose ( conta9+ x4 ,?is res91 :i* is frequ5tly call$ gum guiacum1 is ( a gre5i% col\r1 b has sometimes a r$di% hue4 ,its ta/e is pung5t & acrid4 ,f ! b>k ( ! tree !re is frequ5tly a spontane\s exudation3 ?is has ! "n ( native gum1 & is import$ 9 small1 irregul>1 bright pieces1 :i* are mu* m pure ?an ! gum obta9$ 9 any o!r way4 ,guiacum is us$ z a /r5g!n+ m$ic9e1 & a w>m aromatic2 x is employ$ z a rem$y aga9/ rheumatic & o!r pa9s1 & z an +r$i5t 9 _m (fic9al prep>ations4 ,on its fir/ introduction1 :i* 0 soon aft] ! discov]y ( ,am]ica1 x 0 9 su* repute z to h be5 sold = sev5 cr[ns a p\nd4 ,9 ! ,we/ ,indies1 ! b>k1 fl[]s1 & fruit1 are ea* employ$ 9 m$ic9e2 & ( ^! ! =m] is frequ5tly us$ in/ead ( soap = wa%+1 9 :i* process x gives a good la!r4 #aci4 ,,balsam ,,( ,,tolu is a r$di% yell[1 ?ick1 & pellucid sub/ance1 ( fragrant od\r1 :i* is obta9$ f a tree 7,toluif]a balsamum7 :i* gr[s 9 ,s\? ,am]ica4 ,?is tree is ( consid]able height2 & has some:at oval leaves1 ea* on a %ort foot-/alk4 ,! fl[]s are num]\s1 & 9 lat]al bran*es2 & ! fruit is a r\nd b]ry4 ,! "n ( ?is balsam has be5 obta9$ f its be+ *iefly procur$ f ! prov9ce ( ,tolu1 on ! nor? coa/ ( ,s\? ,am]ica1 ne> ! i/hmus ( ,panama4 ,incisions are made 9 ! b>k ( ! trees1 at a p>ticul> season ( ! ye>1 & a res9\s fluid ( yell[i% :ite col\r oozes out4 ,?is is collect$ 9 small g\rd %ells4 ,at fir/ x is ab\t ! consi/5ce ( treacle1 b x ?ick5s by be+ kept2 & by age x becomes h>d & brittle4 ,its smell is peculi>ly grateful1 some:at resembl+ t ( lemons2 & its ta/e is w>m & sweeti%4 ,on be+ *ew$1 x adh]es to ! tee?4 ,?is balsam is us$ 9 m$ic9e bo? 9 ! =m ( a t9cture1 & a syrup2 &1 9 its m$ic9al virtues1 x agrees ) mo/ o!r balsams4 ,! syrup ( ,tolu is us$ 9 sev]al m$ic9es2 & is also made into loz5ges1 :i* may be procur$ ( almo/ any *emi/1 & :i* are consid]$ s]viceable 9 appeas+ ! irritation occasion$ by sev]e c\gh+4 #adj4 ,,b5zo9 or ,,gum ,,b5jam91 is a concrete or solid & fragrant balsamic sub/ance1 ! produce ( a tree 7,/yrax b5zoe7 :i* gr[s *iefly 9 ! isl& ( ,sumatra4 ,?is tree has oblong leaves :i* tap] to a po9ty & are smoo? on ! upp] surface1 & d[ny b5ea?4 ,! fl[]s are 9 loose bun*es2 !y usually hang all on ! same side2 & are g5]ally clos$1 :i* gives !m ! appe>ance ( buds4 ,9 "s ( ! nor!rn p>ts ( ,sumatra1 p>ticul>ly ne> ! sea coa/1 !re are sev]al ext5sive plantations ( ,b5zo9 trees4 ,! se$s or nuts are s[n 9 ! rice fields1 & !y aft]w>ds require no o!r att5tion ?an t ! surr\nd+ %rubs %\ld be cle>$ away f ab\t ! "y plants4 ,:5 ! trees h atta9$ ! age ( six or sev5 ye>s1 incisions are made into ! b>k2 & f ^! ! balsam exudes1 9 ! =m ( a ?ick1 :iti%1 res9\s juice4 ,by exposure to ! air1 ?is juice soon h>d5s2 x is !n p>$ f ! b>k ) a knife or *isel4 ,= ! fir/ ?ree ye>s ! trees yield ! pure/ res9s3 ?is is ( a :ite col\r incl9+ to yell[1 is s(t & fragrant4 ,aft]w>ds1 = ! next sev5 or eight ye>s1 an inf]ior sort is yield$2 ?is is ( r$di% yell[ col\r1 deg5]at+ to br[n4 ,at l5g? ! trees1 unable to be> a repetition ( ! process1 are cut d[n1 & split into pieces4 ,f ^! is procur$ by scrap+1 a /ill worse sort ( b5zo91 :i* is d>k-col\r$1 h>d1 & mix$1 m or less1 ) p>+s ( ! wood & o!r impurities4 ,! inf]ior sorts ( b5zo9 are export$ to ,arabia1 ,p]sia1 & "s p>ts ( ,india1 :]e !y are burn$1 to p]fume1 ) _! smoke1 ! temples & ! h\ses ( ! inhabitants2 to expel tr\blesome insects1 & obviate ! p]nici\s effects ( un:olesome air or noxi\s exhalations4 ,b5zo9 is br\ght = sale to ! m]cantile p>ts ( ,sumatra1 9 l>ge cakes1 cov]$ ) mats4 ,9 ord] to pack x 9 *e/s1 x is necess>y to break ^! cakes1 & to expose x to ! heat ( ! sun4 ,! great] "p ( ! b5zo9 :i* is br\ght to ,engl& is re-export$ to c\ntries :]e ! ,roman ,ca?olic & ,mahometan religions prevail2 to be !re burn$ z inc5se 9 ! *ur*es & temples4 ,! annual exportation ( b5zo9 f ,london to ,mogadore only has be5 e/imat$ at #cj1jjj p\nds' weight p] annum4 ,t :i* is consum$ 9 ,engl& is *iefly employ$ 9 m$ic9e1 9 p]fumes1 & z cosmetics4 ,x con/itutes ! basis ( :at are call$ ,turl+ton's or ,fri>'s balsam1 & ,jesuit's drops2 ! salut>y effects ( :i*1 p>ticul>ly 9 heal+ rec5t w\nds1 is well kn[n4 ,?is balsam is compos$ ( b5zo91 balsam ( ,tolu 7#aci71 ,socotr9e aloes 7#ajg71 & rectifi$ _s ( w9e4 ,b5zo9 is also us$ 9 ! prep>ation ( :at is call$ ladies' c\rt pla/]2 b 9 ?is x is suppos$ to be unnecess>y if n prejudicial2 n only z x r5d]s ! pla/] m difficult to be moi/5$1 previ\sly to its application1 b z ! irritat+ quality ( ! b5zo9 may 9 "s in/ances dispose a fre% w\nd to fe/]4 ,! mode ( mak+ c\rt pla/] is v simple4 ,five ounces ( is+lass are dissolv$ 9 a p9t ( wat]4 ,a quantity ( ?9 black s>snet be+ !n /ret*$ on a frame1 a w>m solution ( ! is+lass is appli$ ) a bru% equally ov] ! surface2 &1 :5 dry1 ?is is repeat$ a second or ?ird "t4 ,x is f9ally bru%$ ov] ) a weak solution ( b5zo9 9 spirits ( w9e1 :i* communicates to x a pleasant aromatic smell4 ,if p[d]$ b5zo9 be put into an e>!n vessel ov] a sl[ fire1 & ! fumes ( x be made to sublime into a pap] cone fix$ to ! top ( ! pot1 ! sub/ance ?us =m$ is ! fl[]s ( b5zo9 ( ! %ops1 or ,b5zoic acid1 z x is t]m$1 by *emi/s4 #ada4 ,,/orax is a fragrant1 concrete1 or solid balsam1 t is obta9$ f a tree 7,/yrax (fic9alis7 :i* gr[s 9 ! ,levant1 & 9 "s p>ts ( ,italy4 ,?is tree gr[s to ! height ( tw5ty feet & upw>ds3 x is mu* bran*$1 & has broad1 alt]nate1 oval leaves1 some:at po9t$1 smoo? above1 & d[ny b5ea?4 ,! fl[]s are l>ge1 :ite1 9 clu/]s on %ort foot/alks1 & t]m9ate ! bran*es4 ,! be/ /orax is obta9$ f ,asiatic ,turkey1 9 small transp>5t masses1 ( pale r$ or yell[i% col\r1 & g5]ally ab\nd+ 9 :iti% te>s1 resembl+ ^? ( b5zo94 ,! drug1 h[ev]1 :i* is commonly sold 9 ! %ops z /orax1 consi/s ( l>ge1 light pieces1 v impure1 f ! saw-du/ ) :i* x is mix$4 ,! mode ( obta9+ ?is balsam is simil> to t employ$ = b5zo9 7#adj73 incisions are made 9 ! trees1 &1 on its ooz+ f ! w\nd1 x is scrap$ (f1 & collect$ toge!r to be pack$ = sale4 ,x 0 =m]ly cu/om>y to enclose x 9 re$s4 ,/orax is "o ( ! mo/ fragrant ( ! balsams1 & is mu* us$ 9 "s c\ntries 9 p]fumes1 & = fumigation4 ,x is also comp\nd$ 9 v>i\s ways ) o!r sub/ances1 = m$ic9al use4 #adb4 ,,log-,,wood is a d>k r$ wood1 *iefly us$ 9 dye+2 & import$ f ,honduras1 & "s ( ! isl&s ( ! ,we/ ,indies4 ,! log-wood tree 7,hmatoxylon campe*ianum1 ,fig4 #dc7 is f sixte5 to tw5ty-f\r feet high1 &1 bo? 9 ! trunk & bran*es1 is extremely crook$4 ,! bran*es are sp9\s1 & ! leaves w+$1 )1 9 g5]al1 f\r or five pair ( leaflets1 :i* are some:at he>t-%ap$4 ,! fl[]s are if a r$di% yell[ col\r1 small1 & num]\s4 ,! di/rict ( ,honduras 9 ,nor? ,am]ica has long be5 celebrat$ = ! production ( log-wood1 :i* gr[s wild *iefly 9 =e/s :]e ! soil is moi/1 or ne> ! banks ( riv]s & lakes4 ,! cutt+ ( x occupies a great numb] ( h&s1 & is an unpleasant & v unheal?y pursuit4 ,9 ! ye> #agae "s se$s ( ! log-wood tree 7 introduc$ into ! isl& ( ,jamaica2 & ?is wood is n[ *iefly employ$ 9 t isl& z a f5ce aga9/ cattle4 ,z an article ( comm]cial export1 x does n appe> to answ] s fully z c\ld h be5 wi%$2 yet1 9 morassy p>ts ( ! isl&1 x gr[s 9 consid]able luxuriance4 ,few k9ds ( wood are ( m solid texture ?an ?is4 ,h5ce arises its weight1 :i* is s great t x w s9k 9 wat]4 ,its pr$om9ant col\r is r$1 t+$ ) orange & black2 & its h>dness su* t x is capable ( be+ poli%$1 & is sc>cely susceptible ( decay4 ,= exportation to ,europe1 x is cut into billets or logs1 ea* ab\t ?ree feet 9 l5g?4 ,! *ief use ( log-wood 9 ?is c\ntry is = dye+ gre51 purple1 blue1 & black col\rs1 accord+ to ! diff]5t +r$i5ts ) :i* x is employ$4 ,x gives a purpli% t+e to wat]y & spiritu\s infusions2 b all ! col\rs :i* c be prep>$ f x are fugitive1 & _c1 by any art1 be r5d]$ s durable z ^? prep>$ f o!r mat]ials4 ,indep5d5tly ( its use z a dye+ drug1 log-wood possesses consid]able utility z an a/r+5t m$ic9e1 *iefly "u ! =m ( a decoction1 or ( an extract boil$ d[n to a prop] consi/5ce4 ,! price ( logwood at ,honduras is s l[ z n usually to exce$ #abl4 or #adl4 ,jamaica curr5cy p] ton4 #adc4 ,,mahogany is ! wood ( a well-kn[n tree 7,swiet5ia mahagoni1 ,fig4 #dd7 ( l>ge dim5sions1 ) w+$ leaves1 & small :ite fl[]s1 :i* gr[s 9 ,jamaica & ,honduras4 ,! bran*es ( ?is tree are num]\s & spread+4 ,its leaves are alt]nate & w+$1 ) f\r or five pair ( leaflets1 :i* are some:at spe>-%ap$4 ,! fl[]s are num]\s1 small1 :ite1 & 9 spikes or clu/]s1 :i* arise at ! junction ( ! leaves ) ! bran*es4 ,! cutt+ ( mahogany con/itutes a pr9cipal occupation ( ! ,briti% settl]s 9 ! vic9ity ( ,honduras4 ,! gangs ( negroes employ$ 9 ?is "w consi/ ( f t5 to fifty ea*1 "o ( :om is /yl$ ! huntsman4 ,he is g5]ally select$ f ! mo/ intellig5t ( 8 companions1 & 8 *ief employm5t is to se>* = ^! trees 9 ! woods1 ! pr9cipal ( :i* lie adjac5t to ! riv] ,balize4 ,ab\t ! beg9n+ ( ,augu/1 ! huntsman is despat*$ into ! woods1 & he cuts 8 way ?r\gh ! ?icke/ p>ts1 to ! highe/ spots he c f9d4 ,"h he climbs ! l(tie/ tree1 & !nce att5tively surveys ! surr\nd+ =e/4 ,at ?is season ! leaves ( ! mahogany trees are ( a yell[ r$di% hue1 & an eye accu/om$ to !m c discov]1 at a great di/ance1 ! places :]e !y are mo/ abundant4 ,he n[ desc5ds1 & to su* places directs 8 /eps2 &1 hav+ well m>k$ ! way1 returns to 8 companions1 to po9t out ! places to !m4 ,"h !y assemble1 & erect1 aga9/ ea* tree to be fell$1 a /age s high z to all[ ( ! tree be+ cut d[n at ! height ( ab\t twelve feet f ! gr\nd4 ,! la/ day ( fell+ ! trees is appropriat$ to fe/ivity2 & ^! p h !n a %ort int]val ( leisure = com=ts 9 :i* !y seldom c indulge at any o!r "t4 ,aft] ! bran*es are lopp$1 & ! useless p>ts ( ! wood are cut (f1 ! op]ation comm5ces ( convey+ ! trees1 by cattle & trucks1 to ! wat]'s side1 a task ( inf9ite & labori\s difficulty4 ,a suffici5t numb] ( pieces to =m a raft be+ "h collect$1 !y are %ov$ f ! bank into ! wat]1 & suff]$ to float s+ly ^u ! curr5t to l>ge cables :i* are plac$ across ! riv] at "s di/ance bel[4 ,z num]\s gangs ( mahogany cutt]s are usually employ$ ne> ! banks ( ! same riv]1 _! trees also float to ! same spot4 ,"h !re=e ! :ole are collect$1 am\nt+ sometimes to m ?an a ?\s& imm5se logs2 &1 ea* p>ty claim+ 8 own1 ! trees are =m$ into sep>ate rafts = _! f9al de/9ations4 ,9 "s in/ances ! pr(it ( cutt+ mahogany at ?is settlem5t has be5 v great4 ,a s+le tree has occasionally be5 kn[n to conta9 #ab1jjj sup]ficial feet1 & to h produc$ upw>ds ( #ajjjl4 /]l+4 ,! body ( ! tree is ( c\rse ! mo/ valuable2 b1 = ornam5tal purposes1 ! limbs or l>ge bran*es1 are g5]ally pref]r$1 _! gra9 be+ mu* clos]1 & _! ve9s be+ m ri* & v>iegat$ ?an ^? ( ! o!r p>ts4 ,! ,honduras mahogany is consid]$ inf]ior to t produc$ 9 ,jamaica4 ,9 ?is isl& mahogany 0 =m]ly mu* m abundant1 & consequ5tly mu* less exp5sive ?an x is n[1 because ! l[ l&s h gradually be5 ?9n$ ( su* trees z c\ld readily be c>ri$ to m>ket1 or convey$ on bo>d vessels = exportation4 ,! date ( ! introduction ( mahogany wood into ,engl& is #agbd4 ,s9ce ?is p]iod x has be5 9 v g5]al reque/ = mak+ ! m valuable k9ds ( h\sehold furniture4 ,x admits ( a high poli%1 & is excell5tly adapt$ = tables1 *airs1 desks1 & o!r simil> articles4 ,9 ,jamaica1 mahogany is employ$ z a /rong & durable timb] = beams1 joi/s1 planks1 bo>ds1 c4 ,_m attempts h be5 made to /a9 o!r k9ds ( wood s z to resemble x1 b none ( ^! h be5 att5d$ ) success4 ,x has be5 lately discov]$ t ! b>k ( ! mahogany tree may be advantage\sly employ$ 9 m$ic9e1 z a sub/itute = ,p]uvian b>k 7#fb74 #add4 ,,quassia is a drug1 ! root ( a tree 7,quassia am>a1 ,fig4 #gh7 :i* gr[s 9 ! ,we/ ,indies & ,s\? ,am]ica1 b p>ticul>ly 9 ! colony ( ,sur9am4 ,! leaves ( ! quassia tree are w+$1 ) two pair ( oval & some:at po9t$ leaflets1 & an odd "o at ! end3 ^! are smoo?1 deep gre5 above & pale bel[2 & ! common foot/alk is edg$ on ea* side ) a leafy membrane4 ,! fl[]s are bright r$1 & t]m9ate ! bran*es 9 long clu/]s4 ,?is drug 0 fir/ br\ght into use 9 ,sur9am1 by a negro ^: "n 0 ,quassia1 & :o employ$ x ) great success 9 ! cure ( int]mitt5t & o!r malignant fev]s1 :i* prevail 9 t flat & m>%y c\ntry4 ,! (f] ( a valuable consid]ation induc$ him to reveal ! secret to ,daniel ,rol&]1 a ,sw$e1 :o c>ri$ specim5s ( ! wood1 toge!r ) a bran* ( ! tree1 ! fl[]1 & fruit1 to ,/ockholm1 9 #agef4 ,s9ce ?is p]iod ! drug has be5 g5]ally employ$ 9 ,europe2 & its efficacy 9 ! removal ( _m diseases has be5 p]fectly asc]ta9$4 ,dr4 ,cull51 h[ev]1 obs]ves1 t ?\gh x is an excell5t bitt]1 & t x w d all t any pure or simple bitt] c d1 yet 8 exp]i5ce ( x _h n l$ him to ?9k x w\ld d m4 ,quassia is said to possess antiseptic prop]ties1 & consequ5tly to h consid]able influ5ce 9 ret>d+ a t5d5cy to putrefaction4 ,x is also sometimes us$ in/ead ( hops 9 ! brew+ ( malt liquor4 ,! root1 wood1 & b>k ( ! quassia tree are all occasionally employ$ 9 m$ic9e1 & ! b>k is said to be m int5sely bitt] ?an ei!r ( ! o!r two4 ---- ,,class ,,xi4--,,dodec&ria4 ---- ,,monogynia4 #ade4 ,,gamboge is a yell[ res9\s gum obta9$ f a tree 7,g>c9ia cambogia7 :i* gr[s 9 sev]al p>ts ( ,camboga or ,camboya 9 ! empire ( ,tunk94 ,! leaves ( ?is tree are oval1 b acute4 ,! fl[]s h ea* five petals1 & fifte5 /am5s3 !y are solit>y1 t]m9ate ! bran*es1 & h sc>cely any /alks4 ,! fruit is a b]ry ab\t ! size ( an orange4 ,! "n ( ?is gum has be5 d]iv$ f t ( ! c\ntry :5ce x is br\ght4 ,! mode ( obta9+ x is by punctur+ or cutt+ ! bran*es ( ! trees4 ,x issues f ! w\nds 9 a fluid /ate1 b soon becomes h>d5$ by ! heat ( ! sun4 ,aft] ?is x is =m$ into l>ge cakes or rolls1 9 :i* /ate we receive x4 ,gamboge is *iefly us$ z a pigm5t4 ,:5 good1 x is ( a f9e orange col\r2 & on be+ s(t5$ ) wat]1 is bright yell[1 requir+ no prep>ation previ\sly to be+ us$4 ,x is also giv5 z a m$ic9e2 b its op]ations be+ v viol5t1 x %\ld be adm9i/]$ ) great caution4 ,! dri$ fruit ( ! gamboge tree is n unfrequ5tly s5t to our colonies 9 ! ,ea/ ,indies1 :]e x is us$ 9 sauces1 & ) sev]al k9ds ( food4 #adf4 ,,weld 7,res$a luteola7 is a plant ( ! mignionette tribe1 us$ 9 dye+3 x gr[s wild1 9 b>r5 & uncultivat$ places1 p>ticul>ly on coal-pit banks1 9 sev]al p>ts ( ,engl&4 ,! leaves are spe>-%ap$1 & entire1 ) a too?-l process on ea* side ( ! base4 ,! fl[]s are yell[1 & 9 long spikes2 & ! calyx is divid$ into f\r segm5ts4 ,9 "s p>ts ( ,engl&1 p>ticul>ly 9 ! clo?+ c\nties1 weld is cultivat$ to great ext5t2 & x fl\ri%es 9 s&y soils t c\ld be turn$ to little advantage 9 any o!r way4 ,:5 ! plants are ripe1 !y are pull$ up by ! roots1 dri$1 & ti$ into bundles = use4 ,! t++ quality ( weld resides bo? 9 ! /ems & roots4 ,?is imp>ts to wool1 cotton1 mohair1 & silk1 a v bright & beautiful yell[ col\r2 & blue clo?s1 dipp$ 9 a decoction ( x1 become gre54 ,! yell[ col\r ( ! pa9t call$ ,dut* p9k is obta9$ f ?is plant4 ---- ,,class ,,xii4--,,icos&ria4 ---- ,,monogynia4 #adg4 ,! ,,guava1 or ,,bay ,,plum1 is a ,we/ ,indian fruit1 ( :i* !re are two k9ds1 "o :ite & r\nd1 & ! o!r r$ & pe>-%ap$4 ,! =m] is produc$ by a tree 7,psidium pomif]um7 :i* has %>p-po9t$ & highly ribb$ leaves1 & fl[]s ?ree on ea* /alk2 & ! latt] by a tree 7,psidium pyrif]um7 ) oval leaves & s+le-/alk$ fl[]s4 ,equally delici\s & :olesome1 ^! fruits are 9 ! highe/ e/imation 9 ! c\ntries :]e !y are produc$4 ,! r9d or sk9 is l9$ ) an apple-l sub/ance1 :i* is us$ = t>ts & o!r sweet prep>ations4 ,x is also /ew$ & eat5 ) milk2 &1 9 ?is =m1 is g5]ally ?\ght bett] ?an any o!r /ew$ fruit2 f ! same "p a m>malade is made4 ,?is r9d encloses an agreeable pulp1 mix$ ) innum]able small se$s4 ,! :ole fruit is eat5 raw1 or prep>$ z a sweetmeat 9 v>i\s ways2 ! mo/ common =m 9 :i* we see x is t ( a jelly4 ,! wood is us$ = fuel1 & also makes excell5t *>coal4 #adh4 ,! ,,common ,,myrtle 7,myrtus communis7 is a well-kn[n ornam5tal ev]gre5 %rub1 :i* is cultivat$ *iefly 9 gre5h\ses 9 ?is c\ntry1 b gr[s wild 9 ! c\ntries ( ! ,s\? ( ,europe4 ,al?\gh ?is %rub is cultivat$ ) u *iefly = ornam5t1 x is ( consid]able utility to ! inhabitants ( ! ,s\? ( ,europe4 ,its "y %oots are us$ = tann+ lea!r2 & bo? its leaves & b]ries are employ$ 9 m$ic9e4 ,f ! =m] a di/ill$ wat] is obta9$1 :i* is sometimes us$ 9 g>gles4 ,! b]ries are likewise di/ill$2 & an oil prep>$ f !m has consid]able repute z a means ( ?ick5+ ! hair4 #adi4 ,,all-,,spice1 or ,,pim5to1 is ! dri$ b]ry ( a ,we/ ,indian species ( myrtle 7,myrtus pim5ta1 ,fig4 #de47 ,?is tree gr[s to ! height ( tw5ty feet & upw>ds1 & has some:at oval leaves ab\t f\r in*es long1 ( deep %9+ gre5 col\r1 & num]\s bun*es ( :ite fl[]s1 ea* ) f\r small petals4 ,9 ! :ole vegetable creation !re is sc>cely any tree m beautiful or m fragrant ?an a "y pim5to ab\t ! mon? ( ,july4 ,bran*$ on all sides1 ri*ly clad ) deep gre5 leaves1 :i* are reliev$ by an exub]ance ( :ite & /rongly aromatic fl[]s1 x attracts ! notice ( all :o approa* x4 ,pim5to trees gr[ spontane\sly1 & 9 great abundance1 9 _m p>ts ( ,jamaica2 b !y _c be propagat$ )\t great difficulty4 ,! usual me?od ( mak+ a new pim5to walk1 or plantation1 is to appropriate = ?is purpose a piece ( woody gr\nd 9 ! neighb\rhood ( an already exi/+ walk1 or 9 a "p ( ! c\ntry :]e ! scatt]$ trees are f\nd 9 a native /ate4 ,! o!r trees are cut d[n2 &1 9 a ye> or two1 "y pim5to plants are f\nd to spr+ up 9 all p>ts1 suppos$ to h be5 produc$ f b]ries scatt]$ !re by birds1 :i* eag]ly dev\r !m4 ,ab\t ! mon? ( ,septemb]1 & n long aft] ! blossoms h fall51 ! b]ries are 9 a fit /ate to be ga!r$4 ,at ?is "t1 ?\gh n q ripe1 !y are full gr[n1 & ab\t ! size ( pepp]-corns4 ,!y are ga!r$ by ! h&2 & "o lab\r] on a tree w /rip !m (f s quickly z to employ ?ree bel[ 9 pick+ !m up2 & an indu/ri\s pick] w fill a bag ( sev5ty p\nds' weight 9 a day4 ,! b]ries are !n spread on a t]race1 9 ! sun1 = ab\t sev5 days1 to be dri$2 b ?is is an op]ation :i* requires great c>e1 f ! necessity ( keep+ !m p]fectly free f moi/ure4 ,by ! dry+ !y lose _! gre5 col\r1 & become r$di% br[n2 & ! process is kn[n to be complet$ by _! col\r1 & by ! rattl+ ( ! se$s )9 ! b]ries4 ,!y are !n pack$ into bags or hog%eads = ! m>ket4 ,:5 ! b]ries are q ripe1 !y are ( a d>k purple col\r1 & fill$ ) a sweet pulp4 ,pim5to is ?\ght to resemble 9 flav\r a mixture ( c9namon1 nutmegs1 & cloves1 :5ce x has obta9$ ! "n ( all-spice4 ,x is mu* employ$ 9 cook]y2 & is *iefly us$ 9 :ole gra9s4 ,x is also employ$ 9 m$ic9e1 z an agreeable aromatic2 & =ms ! basis ( a di/ill$ wat]1 a _s1 & an ess5tial oil4 ,! leaves ( ! pim5to trees yield 9 di/illation an odorif]\s oil1 :i* is n unfrequ5tly us$ 9 m$ic9al prep>ations1 in/ead ( oil ( cloves4 #aej4 ,! ,,pea* is a l>ge1 d[ny1 & well-kn[n g>d5 fruit 7,amygdalus ,p]sica71 :i* is suppos$ to h be5 orig9ally introduc$ into ,europe f ,p]sia1 & 0 fir/ br\ght into ,engl& ab\t ! ye> #aefb4 ,?is ri* & delici\s fruit is highly & des]v$ly e/eem$ at table1 z an article 9 our dess]ts2 &1 :5 ripe & fre%1 is grateful & :olesome1 seldom disagree+ ) ! /oma*1 unless ?is organ be n 9 an heal?y /ate1 or ! fruit be eat5 to excess4 ,:5 pres]v$ 9 w9e1 br&y1 or sug>1 x loses its good prop]ties4 ,! k]nels yield a salubri\s bitt]4 ,! fl[]s1 :i* are v beautiful1 & appe> e>ly 9 ! spr+1 emit an agreeable od\r1 h a bitt]i% ta/e1 & are us$ = m$ical purposes4 ,! leaves are occasionally employ$ 9 cook]y1 b !y ought n to be us$ )\t great caution1 on acc\nt ( _! injuri\s prop]ties4 ,!re are _m v>ieties ( ! pea*1 "s ( :i* are mu* m e/eem$ ?an o!rs4 ,! mode 9 :i* ! trees are usually propagat$ is by a process t]m$ budd+1 or graft+ ^u ! /ock ( "s o!r tree 7see p4 #adg72 &1 by ?is process1 ^? ( any fav\rite k9d may be exactly obta9$4 #aea4 ,! ,,nect>9e is a smoo?-sk9n$ v>iety ( ! pea*1 b ( ri*] & m delici\s flav\r4 ,! culture & managem5t ( ! two k9ds are exactly ! same2 & 9 all ! circum/ances ( _! gr[?1 wood1 leaves1 & fl[]s1 !y precisely resemble ea* o!r4 #aeb4 ,! ,,common or ,,sweet ,,almond is a s(t & pleasant-flav\r$ k]nel1 conta9$ 9 a nut :i* is ( flatti% %ape1 & has a t5d] %ell ) num]\s small holes on ! outside4 ,! almond tree 7,amygdalus communis1 ,fig4 #df7 is usually twelve or f\rte5 feet high4 ,its beautiful p9k fl[]s ( five petals gr[ 9 pairs1 & appe> e>ly 9 ! spr+4 ,! leaves are some:at oval1 po9t$1 & delicately s]rat$ at ! edges4 ,our %rubb]ies conta9 no tree ! fl[]s ( :i* are m beautiful ?an ^? ( ! almond2 & ^! fl[]s appe> 9 ,m>* & ,april1 a season :5 few o!r p>ts ( ! vegetable creation h recov]$ f _! w9try /ate4 ,?\gh kn[n to ! anci5ts f ! mo/ remote p]iods ( antiquity1 ! almond tree has only be5 cultivat$ 9 ,engl& s9ce ! ye> #aefb1 & ?is almo/ :olly on acc\nt ( ! elegant appe>ance ( its fl[]s2 z ! climate ( ,great ,brita9 is n suffici5tly w>m = ! fruit to be p]fect$ ) u4 ,! almonds t are consum$ 9 ?is c\ntry are import$1 sometimes 9 ! %ell1 b mu* m commonly )\t1 f ,france1 ,spa91 ,italy1 & ! ,levant2 & !y are pack$ 9 casks1 boxes1 & bales4 ,! prov9ce ( ,val5cia _h =m]ly great celebrity = its almonds2 b ! cultivation ( ! trees 9 t "p ( ,spa9 has = sev]al ye>s be5 mu* neglect$4 ,! *ief uses ( sweet almonds are 9 confection>y & cook+4 ,!y are also eat5 ) rais9s 9 dess]ts aft] d9n]2 b !y %\ld be well *ew$1 z e piece t is swall[$ entire is indige/ible4 ,by pressure1 !y yield a consid]able proportion1 sometimes ne>ly half _! weight1 ( oil4 ,inde$ ?is is s pl5tiful t x may ev5 be squeez$ out ( ! k]nel ) ! f+]s4 ,"s prep>ations ( almonds are us$ 9 m$ic9e1 p>ticul>ly t call$ milk ( almonds1 :i* is =m$ ( p\nd$ almonds1 loaf-sug>1 & wat]1 well mix$ toge!r4 ,9 "s p>ts ( ! ,ea/ ,indies1 x is said t almonds supply ! place ( small money4 #aec4 ,,bitt] ,,almonds are 9 no respect diff]5t f sweet almonds1 ei!r z to ! appe>ance ( ! k]nels !mselves1 or ! trees :i* produce !m1 except some:at 9 ! size ( ! fl[]s & fruit4 ,l sweet almonds1 !y yield a l>ge portion ( oil4 ,?is has no bitt]ness2 b ! sub/ance :i* rema9s aft] ! pressure is int5sely bitt]4 ,if ^! almonds be eat5 freely1 !y occasion sickness & vomit+2 &1 to _m quadrup$s & birds1 !y are a fatal poison4 ,!re 0 =m]ly a notion1 b x is an errone\s "o1 t ! eat+ ( !m w\ld prev5t ! intoxicat+ effects ( w9e4 ,!y are frequ5tly us$1 in/ead ( apricot k]nels1 9 ratafia1 & sometimes are employ$ 9 mak+ a c\nt]feit *]ry-br&y4 ,! oil & emulsions ( bitt] almonds are us$ 9 m$ic9e3 & a p[d] & pa/e1 = wa%+ ! h&s is made bo? f !m & f sweet almonds4 ,by confection]s !y are mu* 9 reque/ = flav\r+ biscuits & o!r articles4 #aed4 ,! ,,pomegranate is an apple-%ap$ fruit ) ?ick r9d1 & cr[n$ ) ! leaves or tee? ( ! calyx4 ,x is ! produce ( an ev]gre5 %rub 7,punica granatum1 ,fig4 #dg7 :i* gr[s wild 9 ! s\!rn p>ts ( ,europe4 ,?is %rub is usually f fifte5 to tw5ty feet high4 ,! bran*es are arm$ ) sp9es2 & ! leaves are oblong1 po9t$1 & d>k gre54 ,! fl[]s1 :i* are ( a ri* sc>let col\r1 h five r\nd$ petals4 ,by ! ,greeks & ,romans almo/ e "p ( ! pomegranate tree 7! root1 leaves1 fl[]s1 & fruit7 0 consid]$ to possess m$ical prop]ties ( a v rem>kable & ev5 m>vell\s description2 & ! c\ntry !n *iefly celebrat$ = ! production ( x 0 t adjac5t to ! city ( ,c>?age4 ,! pomegranate is n[1 h[ev]1 9 little e/eem1 except on acc\nt ( its fruit2 ! pulp or juice ( :i* is pleasant to ! palate1 &1 9 common ) o!r summ] fruits1 allays heat & mitigates ?ir/1 b has a slightly a/r+5t flav\r4 ,?is pulp is r$1 is conta9$ 9 transp>5t membranes1 & includ$ 9 n9e di/9ct cells4 ,! t\gh r9d ( ! fruit1 :i* is ( a bitt] & a/r+5t nature1 0 employ$ by ! anci5ts 9 ! dress+ ( lea!r2 & x is /ill us$ 9 "s p>ts ( ,g]many1 toge!r ) ! b>k ( ! tree1 9 ! prep>ation & dye+ ( r$ lea!r 9 imitation ( :at is call$ ,morocco lea!r4 ,pomegranates 7 fir/ cultivat$ 9 ,engl& ab\t ! ye> #aeif2 b ! fruit gr[n 9 ?is c\ntry seldom atta9s a delicacy ( flav\r equal to t :i* is import$ f ,spa91 ,italy1 & o!r w>m climates4 #aee4 ,! ,,*]ry is a fruit ( ! prune or plum tribe1 ! orig9al /ock ( :i* is ! wild *]ry 7,prunus c]asus7 ( our woods4 ,! gradual effects ( cultivation1 z !y reg>d ! *]ry1 h be5 ! production ( sev]al k9ds1 :i*1 bo? 9 size & flav\r1 inf9itely exce$ ! fruit ( ! p>5t /ock1 or wild *]ry ( ! woods4 ,! k9ds t are be/ kn[n are ! ,may ,duke1 ,e>ly ,k5ti% ,*]ry1 ,:ite ,he>t1 & ,black ,he>t ,*]ries4 ,! trees are propagat$ by graft+ 7see p4 #adg7 !m usually ^u ! /ocks ( wild black & r$ *]ry trees1 :i* are re>$ = t purpose4 ,?is agreeable fruit is eat5 ei!r fre% or dri$4 ,x is sometimes pres]v$ ) sug> z a sweetmeat2 is made into jam2 us$ 9 prep>ations ( ! liqueur call$ *]ry-br&y3 & made into w9e4 ,f wild black *]ries ! ,swiss di/il an ard5t _s1 by ! sale ( :i* to ! ,fr5* & ,g]mans !y d]ive consid]able pr(it4 ,! wood ( ! *]ry-tree1 :i* is h>d & t\gh1 is mu* us$1 p>ticul>ly by turn]s & cab9et-mak]s on ! ,cont95t1 = ! manufacture ( *airs & o!r furniture4 ,! gum t exudes f ! b>k is1 9 _m respects1 equal to gum arabic 7#bgc72 & is consid]$ v nutritive4 ,hasselqui/ in=ms u t1 dur+ a siege1 m ?an #ajj m5 7 kept alive = ne>ly two mon?s1 )\t any o!r su/5ance ?an a little ( ?is gum1 :i* !y occasionally took into _! m\?s & suff]$ gradually to dissolve4 #aef4 ,! ,,apricot 7,prunus ,arm5iaca7 is a fruit ( ! plum tribe1 :i* gr[s wild 9 sev]al p>ts ( ,arm5ia & 0 fir/ introduc$ into ?is c\ntry ab\t ! middle ( ! sixte5? c5tury4 ,"s p]sons are incl9$ to consid] ! apricot z ! mo/ delicate ( all our h>dy fruits4 ,= pa/ry c]ta9ly none is m excell5t4 ,x is us$ = t>ts1 bo? gre5 & :5 ripe2 x is also pres]v$ ) sug> 9 bo? ^! /ates1 & is sometimes dri$ z a sweetmeat4 ,c>e1 h[ev]1 %\ld be tak5 to ga!r x be=e x becomes s(t & mealy4 ,! k]nels ( apricots h a pleasantly bitt] flav\r1 & answ] mu* bett] = sev]al purposes 9 confection>y ?an bitt] almonds1 :i* are usually appli$4 ,!y likewise conta9 a sweet oil1 :i*1 l t ( almonds1 0 =m]ly us$ 9 emulsions4 ,! gum t issues f ! apricot tree is ne>ly simil> to t ( ! *]ry 7#aeb74 ,! wood is co>se-gra9$ & s(t1 & consequ5tly is seldom us$ 9 c>p5try4 ,apricot trees are *iefly gr[n aga9/ walls1 & are propagat$ by graft+ ^u plum-tree /ocks4 #aeg4 ,! ,,common or ,,dome/ic ,,plum1 9 all its v>ieties1 has be5 d]iv$ f a wild species ( plum-tree 7,prunus dome/ica71 :i* gr[s 9 h$ge-r[s & ?ickets 9 sev]al p>ts ( ,engl&2 & is di/+ui%$ by its bran*es be+ )\t ?orns1 & its fruit-/alks be+ s+le4 ,7 x n a well-e/abli%$ fact1 few p]sons w\ld suppose t ! magnum bonum1 or egg plum1 ! gre5 gage1 & sev]al o!rs1 :i* are n[ common 9 our g>d5s1 are indebt$1 = _! p>5t /ock1 to ! wild plum above-m5tion$4 ,^! are all us$ at table2 &1 :5 suffici5tly ripe1 & eat5 9 mod]ate quantity1 are pleasant & :olesome fruits1 b1 9 an immature /ate1 !y are v un:olesome4 ,prunes & ,fr5* plums are ! dri$ fruit ( diff]5t k9ds ( plum-trees4 ,!y are usually pack$ 9 boxes1 & are import$ f ! ,cont95t1 b p>ticul>ly f ! neighb\rhood ( ,m>seilles4--,brignolles1 a t[n ( ,prov5ce1 ab\t ?irty miles f ,m>seilles1 is "o ( ! mo/ fam\s places 9 ,france = dri$ prunes4 ,prunes or ,/4 ,ca!r9e's plums1 con/itute a lucrative bran* ( traffic1 :i* is almo/ exclusively c>ri$ on 9 ,t\rs & ,*atelh]ault4 ,prunes are sometimes employ$ 9 m$ic9e1 b ,fr5* plums are *iefly us$ at table4 ,! wood ( ! plum-tree is ( little value2 b ! b>k is 9 occasional reque/ z af=d+ a yell[ dye4 #aeh4 ,! ,,bullace ,,plum is a small violet-col\r$ fruit ( globul> %ape1 produc$ by a %rub 7,prunus insititia7 :i* gr[s wild 9 our h$ges1 & is kn[n by its bran*es be+ ?orny1 & its fruit-/alks 9 pairs4 ,! plum has a r\gh1 b n unpleasantly acid ta/e1 especially aft] x has be5 mell[$ by ! fro/4 ,a cons]ve1 call$ bullace *eese1 is sometimes prep>$ by mixture ( ! pulp ( ! bullace ) ab\t ?rice its weight ( sug>4 ,9 sev]al p>ts ( ,g]many ?is fruit is pres]v$ 9 v9eg> & spice2 & is occasionally us$1 9 ! mann] ( *]ries1 = ! flav\r+ ( br&y4 ,an infusion ( ! fl[]s1 sweet5$ ) sug>1 is sometimes us$ m$ic9ally = *ildr54 ,! wood is pleas+ly ve9$1 & is mu* valu$ by turn]s4 #aei4 ,! ,,sloe is a small1 r\nd1 & ne>ly black k9d ( plum 7,prunus sp9osa71 ( extremely au/]e ta/e1 :i* is common 9 ?ickets & h$ges ?r\gh\t ne>ly e "p ( ,engl&4 ,! %rub t produces x has ?orny bran*es1 & ! fruit-/alks are s+le4 ,! h>%ness & au/]ity ( ! sloe are prov]bial4 ,its juice1 if mix$ ) ,briti% made w9es1 communicates to !m a r$ col\r1 & an a/r+5t flav\r1 some:at resembl+ t ( port w9e2 a fact too well kn[n to "s ( ! deal]s 9 t fav\rite liquor4 ,! juice ( unripe sloes1 dri$ ov] a g5tle fire1 s ne>ly resembles ! ,egyptian acacia 7#bgc71 t x has 9 _m in/ances be5 sub/itut$ = t sub/ance2 x is1 h[ev]1 h>d]1 heavi]1 ( d>k] col\r1 & some:at %>p] ta/e ?an ! g5u9e k9d4 ,a cons]ve ( ?is fruit1 made ) ?ree times its weight ( d\ble-ref9$ sug>1 has be5 us$ ) success z a g>gle = sore ?roats4 ,an infusion ( ! fl[]s 9 wat]1 or ! fl[]s boil$ 9 milk1 are sometimes employ$ m$ic9ally2 & ! b>k1 r$uc$ to p[d]1 has be5 efficaci\sly adm9i/]$ 9 agues4 ,if boil$ 9 ley1 ! b>k yields a r$ dye4 ,! "y & t5d] leaves ( ! sloe af=d a sub/itute = tea1 b "s p]sons consid] !m un:olesome4 ,! juice ( ! fruit1 mix$ ) gre5 vitriol1 becomes an indelible black fluid1 ei!r = dye+ l951 or z writ+-ink4 ,! wood1 be+ extremely t\gh1 is conv]t$ into walk+-/icks1 & made into ! tee? ( rakes2 x is also sometimes us$ by turn]s4 ,dr4 ,)]+ has rem>k$1 t1 f c]ta9 effects :i* he obs]v$ to foll[ ! prick ( ! ?orns ( ! sloe1 he 0 incl9$ to consid] !y _h "s poison\s quality1 especially 9 autumn4 ,,p5tagynia4 #afj4 ,! ,,m$l> 7,mespilus g]manica7 is usually consid]$ a native ,engli% fruit1 hav+ be5 rem>k$1 m ?an a c5tury ago1 to gr[ wild 9 h$ges ab\t ,m9%ull 9 ,*e%ire4 ,x is di/+ui%$ by be+ depress$ & concave at ! top1 ! leaves ( ! calyx cont9u+ ^u x2 & by its conta9+ sev]al h>d1 compress$1 & angul> nuts4 ,x is ! prop]ty ( ! m$l>1 :i* is cultivat$ 9 mo/ l>ge g>d5s1 to be h>d1 & rem>kably au/]e & disagreeable to ! ta/e1 until x has1 9 "p1 und]gone ! putrefactive f]m5tation1 :5 x becomes a s(t1 mell[1 &1 to _m palates1 a pleasant fruit4 ,m$l>s are usually ga!r$ f ! trees ab\t ! end ( ,octob]1 or beg9n+ ( ,novemb]4 ,to facilitate _! becom+ fit = ! table1 !y may be plac$ 9 moi/ bran2 b su* z require to be kept = subsequ5t use %\ld be deposit$ on dry /raw4 ,9 a =tnight or ?ree weeks ^? 9 ! bran w be eatable1 & ! o!rs w m gradually rip54 ,aft] !y are p]fectly ripe1 !y1 h[ev]1 soon become m\ldy & decay4 ,! wood ( ! m$l>-tree some:at resembles t ( ! pe>-tree1 b is ( no great value4 #afa4 ,! ,,common ,,pe> is a well-kn[n g>d5 fruit1 d]iv$ f an ,engli% /ock1 ! wild pe>-tree 7,pyrus communis71 :i* gr[s 9 h$ges & ?ickets 9 ,som]set%ire & ,sussex4 ,x w\ld be an endless task to describe ! diff]5t kn[n v>ieties ( ! cultivat$ pe>4 ,"s ( ^! are v l>ge1 & o!rs extremely small2 "s h a ri* & lusci\s flav\r1 & o!rs1 z ! iron pe>1 are s h>d & disagreeable to ! ta/e1 z to be absolutely unfit to eat4 ,pe>s are *iefly us$ 9 dess]ts2 & "o or two ( ! k9ds are /ew$ ) sug>1 bak$1 or pres]v$ 9 syrup4 ,! f]m5t$ juice ( pe>s is call$ p]ry1 & is prep>$ ne>ly 9 ! same mann] z t ( apples 7#afb7 is = cid]4 ,! greate/ quantities ( p]ry are made 9 ,worce/]%ire & ,h]e=d%ire4 ,! ,squa%1 ! ,oldfield1 & ! ,b>l& p]ry are e/eem$ ! be/4 ,_m ( ! deal]s 9 ,*ampaigne w9e are said to use p]ry 9 ! adult]ation ( x2 &1 inde$1 really good p]ry is little inf]ior1 ei!r 9 flav\r or quality1 to ,*ampaigne4 ,( ! wood ( ! pe>-tree1 :i* is light1 smoo?1 compact1 & ( yell[i% col\r1 c>p5t]s' & jo9]s' tools are usually made1 z well z ! common k9ds ( flat rul]s1 & measur+ scales4 ,x is also us$ = picture frames t are to be /a9$ black4 ,! leaves imp>t a yell[ dye1 & are sometimes employ$ to communicate a gre5 col\r to blue clo?4 #afb4 ,! ,,apple1 9 all its num]\s v>ieties1 has be5 d]iv$ f ! ,crab-tree 7,pyrus malus71 :i* gr[s wild 9 almo/ e ?icket1 & 9 h$ges ( all p>ts ( ! k+dom4 ,! uses ( apples are v ext5sive1 & ev5 ! crab-tree is n )\t its use4 ,! fruit is inde$ small1 & bad to ! ta/e2 b its f]m5t$ juice1 :i* is call$ v]juice1 is sometimes employ$ 9 cook]y1 occasionally 9 m$ic9e1 & frequ5tly by wax-*&l]s1 = ! purify+ ( wax4 ,dr4 ,)]+ conceives t1 ) a prop] addition ( sug>1 a grateful liquor might be made f ! juice ( crabs1 little inf]ior to hock4 ,hogs & de] are p>ticul>ly p>tial to ?is fruit4 ,! wood is tol]ably h>d1 &1 :5 made into ! cogs ( :eels1 acquires a poli%1 & is v durable4 ,apple-trees are all produc$ 9 an artificial mann]1 by a process t]m$ graft+4 ,?is is p]=m$ by ins]t+ "y %oots ( su* trees z be> valuable fruit1 on /ocks t h be5 rais$ f ! se$s ( crabs4 ,?us ! %oot ( an apple-tree1 ins]t$ into a crab /ock1 occasions ! crab-tree1 f t "t1 to produce apples ( ne>ly ! same k9d & quality ) ^? ( ! tree f :i* ! %oot 0 tak54 ,o!r /ocks might be us$1 b ^? ( ! crab are consid]$ ! be/4 ,! same process is adopt$ 9 ! propagation ( ne>ly e k9d ( fruit-tree2 s9ce1 by exp]i5ce1 x has be5 asc]ta9$ t su* z are produc$ f se$ all p>take ( ! nature ( wild fruits1 & h little resemblance to ! fruit f :i* !y spr+4 ,!re are sev]al k9ds ( apples1 & ! v>ieties are e day increas+1 ?r\gh ! att5tion t is paid1 by diff]5t individuals1 to ! culture ( ?is valuable fruit4 ,^? be/ kn[n z eat+ apples are ! ,am]ican apple call$ ,newt[n pipp91 ! non-p>eil1 gold5 pipp91 rib/one pipp91 gold5 r5net1 & lemon pipp92 = ! kit*51 ! codl9 & russet2 & = cid]1 ! gold5 pipp91 coccagee1 & r$ /reak4 ,( ^! ! non-p>eil & gold5 pipp91 f "s unacc\ntable causes1 are beg9n+ to fail2 ! trees ( late production n af=d+ fruit ( excell5ce equal to :at has =m]ly be5 produc$ 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,x w\ld be impossible 9 ?is place to enum]ate all ! uses ( apples4 ,!y are employ$ 9 cul9>y prep>ations ( sev]al k9ds1 p>ticul>ly 9 pudd+s & pies3 !y are a con/ant article 9 dess]ts2 & are dri$1 bak$1 & made into jelly & m>malade4 ,b by f> ! mo/ important application ( !m is = ! mak+ ( cid]4 ,! mode 9 :i* ?is is done 9 ,h]e=d%ire is v simple4 ,aft] ! apples h be5 ga!r$1 !y are sort$ accord+ to _! diff]5t degrees ( rip5ess1 & laid toge!r1 = a little :ile1 to heat1 by :i* ^? :i* are n p]fectly ripe are greatly improv$ 9 flav\r4 ,! fruit is !n gr\nd 9 a mill1 till ev5 ! k]nels & r9d are well bruis$4 ,x is all[$ to /&1 = a day or two1 expos$ 9 a l>ge op5 vessel2 aft] :i* x is press$ betwe5 sev]al hair clo?s4 ,! liquor t issues f x is receiv$ into a vat1 to be f]m5t$2 x is subsequ5tly remov$ into casks till x becomes f9e2 x is !n rack$ (f into o!r vessels1 leav+ ! lees beh9d4 ,z soon z ! f]m5tation has ceas$1 ! casks are fill$ up ) o!r cid]1 & ! bung-holes are clos$4 ,cid] is a m acid liquor ?an p]ry1 &1 g5]ally speak+1 is a :olesome & pleasant dr9k dur+ ! heats ( summ]2 b ! h>%] k9ds1 or ^? :i* are prep>$ 9 lead5 vessels1 if freely drunk1 are ! cause ( colics & o!r pa9ful compla9ts4 ,by di/illation f cid] an ard5t _s may be obta9$4 ,?is has an unpleasant flav\r1 ( :i*1 h[ev]1 x may be depriv$ by a c]ta9 process ) *>coal4 ,by boil+ ! fre% juice ( apples1 & aft]w>ds f]m5t+ x1 a w9e may be made1 :i*1 :5 ?ree or f\r ye>s old1 is said to acquire bo? ! col\r & flav\r ( ,rh5i% w9e4 #afc4 ,! ,,qu9ce is a some:at pe>-%ap$ fruit1 :i* is suppos$ to h be5 orig9ally import$ into ?is c\ntry f ! isl& ( ,crete4 ,! qu9ce-tree 7,pyrus cydonia71 is l[ & bu%y4 ,its leaves are oval1 entire1 & :iti% b5ea?4 ,! fl[]s are l>ge1 ( pale r$ or :ite col\r1 & d n gr[ 9 bun*es1 b ea* on a sep>ate /alk4 ,?\gh qu9ces h an au/]e ta/e1 & are n eatable :5 raw1 !y lose a consid]able portion ( _! h>%ness if prep>$ 9 any mann] by heat2 &1 :5 mix$ ) o!r fruit 9 cook]y1 !y communicate a v pleasant flav\r4 ,h5ce x is t !y are (t5 mix$ ) apples 9 pies4 ,qu9ces are also boil$ & eat5 ) sug>2 made into m>malade1 & pres]v$ 9 syrup ei!r :ole or 9 halves4 ,! juice ( qu9ces1 boil$ ) sug>1 0 =m]ly us$ z a m$ic9e1 b ( late ye>s x has be5 ne>ly discont9u$4 ,a proportion ( "o qu>t ( ! juice1 mix$ ) a p\nd ( sug>1 & f]m5t$1 yields a delici\s w9e4 ,on ! ,cont95t1 a celebrat$ liqueur is prep>$ f ?is juice1 9 comb9ation ) sug> & br&y4 ,a mucilage ( ! se$s is kept by apo!c>ies1 & us$ 9 m$ic9e1 z m pleasant1 b x is n s efficaci\s1 z t ( ! simple gums4 ,qu9ce-trees gr[ wild on ! banks ( ! ,danube1 b1 ) mu* less luxuriance ?an 9 a /ate ( cultivation4 ,,polygynia4 #afd4 ,! ,,hundr$ ,,leav$1 or ,,common ,,g>d5 ,,rose 7,rosa c5tifolia71 is a %rub too well kn[n to ne$ any description4 ,?is1 ! que5 ( fl[]s1 is "o ( ! mo/ elegant & fragrant ( ! vegetable productions4 ,its petals yield1 on di/illation1 a small portion ( aromatic oil1 toge!r ) a wat] :i* possesses bo? ! od\r & ta/e ( ! fl[]s4 ,?is oil congeals 9 ! common temp]ature ( our atmosph]e1 & 9 t /ate is ( :ite col\r2 b1 :5 liquefi$ by heat1 x appe>s yell[4 ,s small1 h[ev]1 is ! quantity t c be obta9$1 t an hundr$ p\nds' weight ( ! fl[]s w sc>cely yield half an ounce ( oil4 ,x is 9 mu* reque/ z a p]fume1 "u ! "n ( ott> or ess5ce ( roses2 &1 ?\gh *iefly manufactur$ 9 ! ,ea/ ,indies1 is seldom import$ f !nce = sale1 b consid]able quantities ( x are br\ght f ,turkey1 at ! price ( f ?ree to f\r p\nds p] ounce1 exclusive ( ! duty4 ,t f ! ,ea/ ,indies1 :5 g5u9e1 has be5 sold at a mu* m exorbitant rate ?an ?is2 b x is n unfrequ5tly adult]at$ ) oil ( s&al-wood 7#ee74 ,! fraud1 h[ev]1 is easily detect$ by ^? :o are accu/om$ to ! smell ( ! latt]1 & also by ! fluidity ( ! comp\nd4 ,! true ott> ( roses is und\bt$ly ! mo/ elegant p]fume t is kn[n4 ,f ! petals ( ?is rose are also prep>$ a cons]ve & syrup1 :i* are us$ 9 m$ic9e4 ,! simple di/ill$ rose-wat] has little to recomm5d x beyond its fragrance3 x is occasionally us$ to imp>t an agreeable flav\r to cul9>y prep>ations1 & also to "s k9ds ( cordials4 ,x %\ld be rem>k$ t1 al?\gh1 f _! fragrance1 roses are mu* us$ = nosegays1 _! od\r has sometimes produc$ v al>m+ symptoms 9 p]sons sitt+ or sleep+ ) su* nosegays 9 conf9$ ap>tm5ts4 #afe4 ,! ,,wild ,,bri]1 or ,,hep-,,rose 7,rosa can9a71 is a common wild fl[] 9 h$ges1 & is di/+ui%$ by hav+ a some:at egg-%ap$ fruit1 smoo? fl[]-/alks1 ! prickles ( ! /em hook$1 & ! leaves oval1 po9t$1 smoo?1 & %9+4 ,we possess no wild %rub m ornam5tal to ! c\ntry1 9 its fl[]s1 its foliage1 or its fruit1 ?an ?is2 & its sweet & delicate sc5t1 ?\gh less p[]ful1 is p]haps z grateful z t ( any rose t is kn[n4 ,! fl[]s1 :5 di/ill$1 af=d a pleasant p]fum$ wat]4 ,! fruit1 or heps1 conta9 an acid yet sweeti% pulp1 ) a r\gh prickly matt] enclos+ ! se$s4 ,( ! pulp1 :5 c>efully sep>at$ f ?is sub/ance1 & mix$ ) sug>1 is prep>$ ! cons]ve ( heps ( ! %ops1 :i*1 ?\gh ( little m$ic9al virtue itself1 is us$ to give =m to m active m$ic9es4 ,9 ! nor? ( ,europe1 ! fruit ( ! rose1 ) ! addition ( sug>1 is sometimes employ$ 9 ! prep>ation ( dome/ic w9es2 & ! pulp1 9 a dri$ /ate1 af=ds a grateful +r$i5t 9 sauces3 b x is suppos$ t a /ill great] advantage might be d]iv$ f ! fruit by di/illation4 ,! leaves ( ?is1 & inde$ ( e k9d ( rose1 h be5 recomm5d$ z a sub/itute = tea4 ,on ! ,cont95t !y are employ$ 9 curry+ ! f9] k9ds ( lea!r4 ,on ! bran*es ( ?is tree a s+ul> moss-l & prickly excresc5ce is frequ5tly f\nd4 ,?is1 :i* is caus$ by an insect 7,cynips ros71 & =ms ! habitation ( its (fspr+1 0 =m]ly 9 great m$ic9al repute2 b x is n[ seldom us$4 #aff4 ,! ,,r$ ,,(fic9al ,,rose 7,rosa gallica7 diff]s f ! hundr$-leav$ rose 9 hav+ ! leaf-/alks m r\gh & prickly4 ,! petals are ( deep crimson col\r1 l>ge1 spread+1 & n num]\s4 ,9 ! p]iod ( its fl[]+1 ?is rose1 :i* is a native ( ! s\? ( ,europe1 succe$s ! common g>d5 rose4 ,x is us$ 9 sev]al m$ic9al prep>ations4 ,( its petals1 9 conjunction ) sug>1 a cons]ve is made1 an infusion1 & a syrup2 & ! dri$ buds1 ) wat] & honey1 are made into :at is call$ honey ( roses4 #afg4 ,! ,,raspb]ry 7,rubus idu7 is a well-kn[n g>d5 fruit1 :i* gr[s wild 9 woods & ?ickets ( sev]al p>ts ( ,engl&4 ,to mo/ p]sons ! flav\r ( ! raspb]ry is peculi>ly grateful2 & its p]fume v delightful4 ,raspb]ries are mu* us$ 9 cook]y & confection>y1 z well z to eat 9 dess]ts4 ,) sug> !y are made into jam & jelly1 & also into cakes4 ,! juice1 mix$ ) a c]ta9 portion ( sug> & ( br&y1 con/itutes ! liqueur call$ raspb]ry-br&y4 ,?is juice is mu* 9 reque/ = ice-creams1 & is sometimes manufactur$ into w9e4 ,a grateful syrup is obta9$ f raspb]ries1 :i* is occasionally us$ 9 m$ic9e4 ,! leaves are said to be a grateful food to kids4 ,:ite raspb]ries are sweet] ?an ! r$ ones4 #afh4 ,our wild h$ge fruit1 call$ ,,blackb]ries 7,rubus fruticosus71 belong to ! same tribe z ! raspb]ry4 ,^! are mu* eat5 by *ildr51 & sometimes1 :5 tak5 9 too great quantities1 produce v viol5t effects1 & h caus$ fev]1 delirium1 & o!r unpleasant symptoms4 ,9 ,prov5ce blackb]ries are employ$ = ! col\r+ ( w9e4 ,a syrup & jelly1 & sometimes also w9e1 are prep>$ f !m4 ,! twigs are sometimes us$ 9 dye+ a black col\r4 ,silkworms are occasionally f$ ^u ! leaves ( ! blackb]ry4 #afi4 ,! ,,/rawb]ry 7,frag>ia vesca7 is a ,briti% wood fruit :i* has be5 long cultivat$ 9 g>d5s4 ,by cultivation ! /rawb]ry has be5 greatly increas$ 9 size1 b its flav\r cont9ues mu* ! same z t ( ! wild fruit4 ,! v>ieties ( ! /rawb]ry are v num]\s4 ,none ( our fruits are m :olesome ?an ^!1 &1 ev5 :5 eat5 9 l>ge quantities1 !y seldom disagree ) ! /oma*4 ,!y ab\nd 9 juice1 h a grateful1 cool+1 some:at acid ta/e1 & a peculi>ly fragrant smell2 & are ei!r eat5 alone1 or ) sug>1 milk1 or w9e4 ,a palatable jam1 w9e1 & v9eg>1 are prep>$ f /rawb]ries4 ,?is fruit is sometimes pres]v$ :ole 9 syrup1 & sometimes 9 w9e4 ---- ,,class ,,xiii4--,,poly&ria4 ---- ,,monogynia4 #agj4 ,,cap]s are ! unop5$ fl[]-buds ( a l[ %rub 7,capp>is sp9osa1 ,fig4 #dh71 :i* gr[s f ! crevices ( rocks & walls1 & among rubbi%1 9 ! s\!rn p>ts ( ,france1 9 ,italy1 & ! ,levant4 ,! /ems ( ! cap] bu% are trail+1 & two or ?ree feet 9 l5g?4 ,! leaves are alt]nate1 ( some:at oval %ape1 ve9$1 & ( bright gre5 col\r3 & ! fl[]s are l>ge & beautiful1 ) f\r petals1 & :ite ) a t+e ( r$4 ,9 ! s\? ( ,france1 ! cap] bu% is z common z ! bramble is ) u4 ,x gr[s wild ^u ! walls ( ,rome1 ,si5na1 & ,flor5ce2 & :5 tra9$ aga9/ a wall1 x fl\ri%es ev5 9 ! neighb\rhood ( ,p>is3 not)/&+ :i* x is almo/ unkn[n 9 ,engli% g>d5s1 :]e x _c be made to fl[] )\t ! aid ( artificial heat4 ,?is %rub is cultivat$ on a l>ge scale1 betwe5 ,m>seilles & ,t\lon1 & 9 _m p>ts ( ,italy4 ,9 ! e>ly "p ( ! summ] x beg9s to fl[]1 & ! fl[]s cont9ue successively to appe> till ! comm5cem5t ( w9t]4 ,! buds are pick$1 e morn+1 be=e ! petals are exp&$3 &1 z !y are ga!r$1 !y are put into v9eg> & salt4 ,:5 a suffici5t quantity is collect$1 !y are di/ribut$1 accord+ to _! size1 into diff]5t vessels1 aga9 put into v9eg>1 & !n pack$ up = sale & exportation4 ,?is pickle is mu* us$ 9 sauce = boil$ mutton4 ,to p]sons unaccu/om$ to x1 ! ta/e ( cap]s is unpleasant2 b1 aft] a little :ile1 ! palate becomes reconcil$ to x4 ,! b>k ( ! root cut into slices1 & dri$ 9 small rolls or quills l c9namon1 is sometimes us$ 9 m$ic9e 9 cases ( ob/ruction ( ! liv]4 ,! fl[]-buds ( ! m>% m>ygold 7,cal?a palu/ris71 & ( na/urtiums1 are frequ5tly pickl$ & eat5 z a sub/itute = cap]s4 #aga4 ,! ,,:ite ,,poppy 7,papav] somnif]um7 is a naturaliz$ ,engli% plant1 ) smoo? calyx & se$-vessels1 & ) leaves embrac+ ! /em1 :i* gr[s wild 9 neglect$ g>d5s1 & "s corn-fields1 & to :i* we are indebt$ = two important m$ic9es1 opium & laudanum4 ,al?\gh ! :ite poppy has long be5 naturaliz$ 9 ?is c\ntry1 x is suppos$ t we 7 orig9ally indebt$ = x to "s ( ! nor!rn p>ts ( ,asia4 ,?r\gh\t ne>ly ! :ole ( t qu>t] ( ! _w x is cultivat$ ) great att5tion1 on acc\nt ( ! opium :i* is obta9$ f x4 ,opium is ! dri$ juice ( ! se$-vessels1 & is ?us procur$3--,aft] ! petals h fall5 (f1 & ! se$-vessels are ab\t half gr[n1 ! latt] are w\nd$ on "o side1 ) an in/rum5t hav+ f\r or five tee?1 ! ga%es be+ made ab\t an in* 9 l5g?4 ,a glut9\s1 milky fluid exudes f ! w\nds3 ?is is c>efully scrap$ (f1 on ! ensu+ day1 by a p]son :o1 9 simil> mann]1 w\nds ! opposite side ( ! head2 ! juice issu+ f :i* is aft]w>ds simil>ly collect$4 ,! :ole is !n put into e>!n vessels1 :]e x is work$ by ! h&1 9 ! op5 sun%9e1 until x atta9s suffici5t consi/5ce to be =m$ into balls1 cakes1 or loaves2 aft] :i* x is cov]$ ov] ) poppy or tobacco leaves1 & fur!r dri$1 till x is 9 a prop] /ate = exportation4 ,opium is ( r$di% br[n col\r1 incl9+ to black2 & has a /rong & v peculi> smell4 ,x is adult]at$ 9 v>i\s ways2 by an extract ( ! plant1 obta9$ by boil+2 by a p[d] ( ! dri$ leaves & /alks1 mix$ ) "s k9d ( gum2 by rice fl\r1 & by o!r sub/ances n q s agreeable z ^!4 ,! cultivation ( opium is s ext5sively pursu$ 9 ! ,ea/ ,indies t ne>ly #fjj1jjj p\nds' weight ( x are annually export$ f ! ,ganges4 ,b !re is no necessity = u to import1 at a great exp5se f abroad1 t :i* might be advantage\sly prep>$ 9 our own c\ntry4 ,x is true t ! se$-vessels ( ! :ite poppy d n atta9 s l>ge size 9 ?is z 9 w>m] climates2 b ! opium procur$ f x is ( suffici5tly excell5t quality4 ,f ! se$-vessels ( a s+le plant m ?an =ty gra9s ( ?is drug h be5 obta9$2 &1 "u v disadvantage\s circum/ances ( wea!r1 upw>ds ( tw5ty-"o p\nds' weight h be5 procur$ f plants gr[n ^u five acres ( l&4 ,x has be5 calculat$ t1 9 fav\rable seasons1 ! produce ( a s+le acre ought to be ne> fifty p\nds4 ,x is recomm5d$ t ! se$ be s[n 9 autumn r ?an 9 spr+4 ,:5 ! se$-vessels h atta9$ a suffici5t /ate ( maturity1 !y may be w\nd$1 & ! opium may be collect$ by *ildr5 f eight to twelve ye>s ( age4 ,! only prop] "t = collect+ x is 9 ! morn+1 & sev5 *ildr5 & two m5 h be5 able to collect #a p\nd 9 "o morn+1 betwixt five & n9e o'clock4 ,! be/ mode ( r$uc+ ! opium to a prop] consi/5ce appe>s to be to spread x ?9ly 9 %all[ di%es1 & expose x1 "u glasses1 to ! rays ( ! sun4 ,we possess few m$ic9es s valuable z ?is4 ,x is us$ z a p[]ful antidote1 b *iefly z a rem$y = procur+ sleep & mitigat+ pa91 :i* x does 9 a v rem>kable mann]4 ,9 ! latt] respects1 h[ev]1 x is too (t5 abus$2 &1 if tak5 9 l>ge doses1 x proves a deadly poison4 ,b s mu* are ! effects ( opium dim9i%$ by ! habit ( tak+ x1 t1 al?\gh f\r gra9s h1 9 "s in/ances1 prov$ fatal to gr[n p]sons1 fifty times t quantity h be5 tak5 daily by o!rs4 ,! bad effects ( too great a dose are be/ c\nt]act$ by mak+ ! pati5t dr9k freely ( acids & c(fee1 & n p]mitt+ him to yield to ! desire ( sleep+1 ) :i* he is oppress$4 ,! habitual use ( opium1 :i* is mu* indulg$ 9 by ! ,asiatics1 is att5d$ ) ! same bad effects z ! habit ( dr9k+ ard5t spirits3 x br+s on tremors1 palsy1 /upidity1 & g5]al emaciation2 &1 :5 once acquir$1 x c sc>cely ev] be rel9qui%$4 ,possess+ ! above prop]ties1 x is rem>kable t opium1 comb9$ 9 a c]ta9 proportion ) vegetable acids1 in/ead ( induc+1 w prev5t sleep4 ,9 consequ5ce ( :i* x has (t51 ?\gh injuri\sly1 be5 us$ by p]sons :o are oblig$ to devote _! nights to s$5t>y or active pursuits4 ,x is likewise des]v+ ( rem>k1 t ! se$s ( ! poppy h none ( ! n>cotic qualities ( ! opium4 ,!y are mild1 sweet1 & nutritive2 & yield1 by pressure1 an oil little inf]ior to t ( almonds4 ,s num]\s are ^! se$s t m ?an #cj1jjj h be5 c\nt$ f a s+le se$-vessel4 ,laudanum is a liquid prep>ation f opium & _s ( w9e2 & is us$ = mo/ ( ! same purposes to :i* opium is appli$4 ,its effects1 z a poison1 may be c\nt]act$ 9 ! same mann] z ^? ( opium4 #agb4 ,,arnatto1 or ,,annotta1 is a r$ dye+ drug1 g5]ally import$ 9 lumps wrapp$ up 9 leaves1 & produc$ f ! pulp ( ! se$-vessels ( a %rub 7,bixa orellana7 :i* gr[s spontane\sly 9 ! ,ea/ & ,we/ ,indies4 ,?is %rub is usually sev5 or eight feet high1 & has he>t-%ap$ & po9t$ leaves4 ,! fl[]s1 :i* h ea* t5 l>ge pea*-col\r$ petals1 appe> 9 loose clu/]s at ! ends ( ! bran*es1 & produce oblong & some:at hairy pods4 ,! se$-vessels ( ! arnatto %rub are1 9 appe>ance1 some:at l ^? ( ! *esnut 7#bce74 ,!y ea* conta9 f ?irty to =ty se$s1 envelop$ 9 a k9d ( pulp 7( r$ col\r & unpleasant smell71 :i* is n mu* unlike ! pa9t call$ r$ lead1 :5 mix$ ) oil4 ,9 ! ,we/ ,indies ! me?od ( extract+ ! pulp1 & prep>+ x = sale1 is to boil x1 & ! se$s :i* are mix$ ) x1 9 cle> wat]1 until ! latt] are p]fectly extricat$4 ,!y are !n tak5 out1 & ! pulp is all[$ to subside to ! bottom ( ! wat]2 ?is is drawn (f1 & ! s$im5t is di/ribut$ into %all[ vessels1 & gradually dri$ 9 ! %ade until x is suffici5tly h>d to be work$ into lumps or masses = sale4 ,arnatto1 ?\gh made 9 ! ,we/ ,indies1 is an object ( no great comm]cial importance2 ! dem& = x n be+ suffici5t to give mu* enc\ragem5t to its culture4 ,x is n[ *iefly prep>$ by ! ,spani>ds 9 ,s\? ,am]ica1 & = ! purpose pr9cipally ( mix+ ) *ocolate1 to :i*1 9 _! op9ion1 x gives a pleas+ col\r & great m$ic9al virtue1 z well z an improv$ flav\r4 ,! *ief consumption ( arnatto 9 ,engl& dep5ds ^u pa9t]s & dy]s2 & x is suppos$ t ,scott's nanke5 dye is no?+ b arnatto dissolv$ 9 alkal9e ley4 ,?is drug is sometimes us$ by ! ,dut* f>m]s to give a ri* col\r to butt]2 & ! d\ble ,gl\ce/] & sev]al o!r k9ds ( *eese are col\r$ ) x4 ,poor p occasionally use x in/ead ( saffron4 ,9 c\ntries :]e ! arnatto %rubs are f\nd1 ! roots are employ$ by ! inhabitants 9 bro?2 & !y answ] all ! purposes ( ! pulp1 ?\gh 9 an inf]ior degree4 ,! b>k is occasionally manufactur$ into ropes2 & pieces ( ! wood are us$ by ! ,indians to procure fire by friction4 #agc4 ,! ,,lime or ,,l9d5-,,tree is a ,briti% =e/ tree 7,tilia europa71 di/+ui%$ by its he>t-%ap$ & s]rat$ leaves ( bright gre5 col\r1 & by its b]ries or se$-vessels1 hav+ ea* f\r cells & "o bud4 ,! blossoms are :iti%1 9 small clu/]s1 & h a yell[i% gre5 floral leaf ne>ly z long z ! fruit-/alk1 & atta*$ to x = ab\t half its l5g?4 ,no "o c h pass$ a grove ( lime-trees1 9 ! mon? ( ,july1 )\t hav+ be5 *>m$ ) ! p]fume :i*1 at ?is season1 is emitt$ by ! fl[]s4 ,!y are a great resort ( bees1 & supply ^? insects ) mat]ials = _! be/ honey4 ,:e!r fre% or dri$1 !y easily f]m5t1 & a f9e flav\r$ _s may be di/ill$ f !m4 ,! wood is close-gra9$1 ?\gh s(t1 light1 & smoo?4 ,x is mu* us$ by c>v]s & turn]s2 & is 9 great reque/ = ! bo>ds ( lea!r-cutt]s4 ,:5 prop]ly burnt x makes an excell5t *>coal = gunp[d]1 & = pa9t]s4 ,if ! b>k be s(t5$ 9 wat]1 ! fibr\s inn] "p may be sep>at$3 ( ?is ! ,russians manufacture fi%+-nets1 mats1 %oes1 & ru/ic g>m5ts2 & ropes & o!r cordage1 made f x1 are /at$ to be s rem>kably /rong & ela/ic1 t1 9 ?is respect1 !y are sup]ior to iron *a9s4 ,9 "s c\ntries ! leaves are dri$ z a w9t] food = %eep & goats2 &1 f ^! & ! b>k1 a smoo? b co>se br[n pap] may be manufactur$4 ,an inf]ior k9d ( sug> may be made f ! sap2 & ! se$s1 by pressure1 yield a sweet & pleasant oil4 ,! lime is an eligible tree to =m %ady walks & clipp$ h$ges3 b its leaves fall v e>ly 9 ! autumn4 ,9 ri* soils x atta9s a prodigi\s size2 & in/ances h be5 m5tion$ ( ^! trees hav+ exi/$ dur+ m ?an six c5turies4 #agd4 ,,tea1 bo? black & gre51 consi/s ( ! dri$ leaves ( an ev]gre5 %rub 7,!a bohea & ,!a viridis1 ( ,l9neus1 ,fig4 #di71 ) ind5t$ & some:at spe>-%ap$ leaves & :ite fl[]s ) six petals or m1 :i* is mu* cultivat$ 9 ,*9a4 ,! tea %rub atta9s ! height ( five or six feet1 & is mu* bran*$4 ,! leaves1 :5 full gr[n1 are ab\t #a in* long1 n>r[1 tap]+1 & ( d>k glossy gre5 col\r1 & firm texture4 ,! fl[]s are n mu* unlike ^? ( ! :ite wild rose1 b small]2 & !y are succe$$ by a fruit ab\t ! size ( a sloe1 :i* conta9s two or ?ree se$s4 ,! tea-tree fl\ri%es1 ) great luxuriance1 9 valleys1 on ! slop+ sides ( m\nta9s1 & on ! banks ( riv]s1 9 a s\!rn exposure1 betwixt ! ?irtie? & =ty-fif? degrees ( nor? latitude4 ,x is *iefly cultivat$ ne> ,pek91 & ar\nd ,canton1 b x atta9s ! greate/ p]fection 9 ! mild & temp]ate climate ( ,nank94 ,! collect+ ( ! leaves is conduct$ ) great c>e3 !y are pick$ s+ly1 &1 = ! mo/ "p1 at ?ree diff]5t times ( ! ye>2 ab\t ! end ( ,febru>y1 ! beg9n+ ( ,april1 & ! end ( ,may4 ,! dry+ & prep>ation ( !m1 = use1 are processes too long to admit ( m9ute detail respect+ !m 9 ?is place4 ,x may1 h[ev]1 be obs]v$1 t = ^! purposes build+s are erect$1 :i* conta9 f five to t51 & "s ( !m ev5 tw5ty1 small furnaces1 ea* hav+1 at ! top1 a l>ge iron pan4 ,!re is also a long table cov]$ ) mats1 on :i* ! leaves are laid1 & roll$ by p]sons :o sit r\nd x4 ,! iron pan be+ heat$ by a fire 9 ! furnace b5ea?1 a few p\nds ( ! leaves are put ^u x1 & frequ5tly turn$ & %ift$4 ,!y are !n ?r[n ^u ! mats to be roll$ betwixt ! palms ( ! h&s3 aft] :i* !y are cool$ z spe$ily z possible4 ,t ! moi/ure ( ! leaves may be completely dissipat$1 & _! twi/$ =m be bett] pres]v$1 ! above process is repeat$ sev]al times ) ! same leaves1 b ) less heat ?an at fir/4 ,! tea1 ?us manufactur$1 is aft]w>ds sort$1 accord+ to its k9d or goodness4 ,"s ( ! "y & t5d] leaves are nev] roll$1 b are m]ely imm]s$ 9 hot wat]1 & dri$4 ,h[ long ! use ( tea has be5 kn[n to ! ,*9ese we are entirely ignorant2 b we are in=m$ t an infusion ( ! dri$ leaves ( ! tea %rub is n[ _! common dr9k4 ,!y p\r boil+ wat] ov] !m1 & leave !m to infuse1 z we d 9 ,europe2 b !y dr9k ! tea ?us made )\t ei!r milk or sug>4 ,! inhabitants ( ,japan r$uce ! leaves to a f9e p[d]1 :i* !y dilute ) wat]1 until x acquires ne>ly ! consi/5ce ( s\p4 ,! tea equipage is plac$ be=e ! company1 toge!r ) a box 9 :i* ! p[d]$ tea is conta9$3 ! cups are fill$ ) w>m wat]1 & !n z mu* ( ! p[d] is ?r[n into ea* cup z ! po9t ( a knife c conta91 & x is /irr$ ab\t until ! liquor beg9s to foam1 9 :i* /ate x is pres5t$ to ! company4 ,x 0 =m]ly imag9$ t black & gre5 tea 7 ! production ( diff]5t species ( %rubs2 b ! ,*9ese all ass]t1 t bo? are produc$ f ! same species1 & t ! sole diff]5ce :i* exi/s betwixt !m arises f ! seasons :5 ! leaves are ga!r$1 & ! modes ( cur+ !m4 ,! teas pr9cipally consum$ 9 ,europe are f\r k9ds ( black1 & ?ree ( gre54 ,black ,teas4 7a7 ,bohea1 or ,voo-yee1 s call$ f ! c\ntry 9 :i* x is produc$1 is sometimes collect$ at f\r ga!r+s4 ,z ! leaves are pick$1 !y are put into flat baskets1 :i* are plac$ on %elves or planks1 9 ! air or sun1 f morn+ till night2 aft] :i* !y are ?r[n1 by small quantities at a "t1 into a flat ca/-iron pan1 :i* is made v hot4 ,!y are twice /irr$ quick ) ! h&3 !n tak5 out1 aga9 put into ! baskets1 & rubb$ betwe5 m5's h&s to roll !m4 ,aft] ?is !y und]go ano!r roa/+ 9 l>g] quantities1 ov] a sl[] fire3 & are !n sometimes put into baskets ov] a *>coal fire4 ,:5 ! tea is1 at la/1 suffici5tly dri$1 x is spread on a table2 & ! leaves t are too l>ge1 & ^? t are unroll$1 yell[1 brok51 or o!rwise defective1 are pick$ out1 & ! rema9d] is laid aside to be pack$4 ,! be/ bohea tea is a small blacki% leaf1 is du/y1 smells some:at l burnt hay1 & has a r\gh & some:at h>% ta/e4 ,! av]age annual importation ( bohea into ?is c\ntry1 9 ! t5 ye>s f #agia to #ahjj1 0 #c1caj1ace p\nds4 7b7 ,congo1 or ,cong-foo1 d]iv$ f a ^w :i* implies mu* c>e or tr\ble1 is a sup]ior k9d ( bohea1 less du/y1 & ) l>g] leaves4 ,^! are ga!r$ ) peculi> c>e1 & !re is "s little diff]5ce 9 ! prep>ation ( congo & bohea4 ,! leaves ( ! latt]1 ( s\*ong1 hyson1 & ! f9e s+le teas1 are said to be beat51 ) flat /icks or bamboos1 aft] !y h be5 )]$ by exposure to ! sun or air1 & h acquir$ t\ghness en\gh to keep !m f break+4 ,( congo ! annual av]age quantity import$ 9 ! above ye>s am\nt$ to #i1efd1bjb p\nds4 7c7 ,s\*ong1 f a ,*9ese ^w :i* signifies small good ?+1 is made f ! leaves ( trees ?ree ye>s old2 &1 :]e ! soil is good1 ev5 ( ! leaves ( old] trees4 ,( true s\*ong v little is produc$2 :at is sold to ,europeans = ?is is only ! f9e/ k9d ( congo1 & ! congo usually pur*as$ by !m is b ! be/ sort ( bohea4 ,su* is ! delicacy ( ?is tea t1 ^u a hill plant$ ) tea-trees1 !re may only be a s+le tree1 ! leaves ( :i* are good en\gh to be call$ s\*ong1 & ev5 ( ^!1 only ! be/ & y\nge/ are tak54 ,! o!rs make congos ( diff]5t k9ds1 & bohea4 7d7 ,pekoe is di/+ui%$ by hav+ ! small :ite fl[]s ( ! tree int]mix$ ) x4 ,?is1 :i* is *iefly consum$ 9 ,sw$5 & ,d5m>k1 is usually made f ! t5d]e/ leaves ( trees ?ree ye>s old1 ga!r$ j aft] !y h be5 9 bloom1 :5 ! small leaves t gr[ betwe5 ! fir/ two t h appe>$1 & :i* altoge!r make a sprig1 are :ite1 & resemble "y hair or d[n4 ,gre5 ,teas4 ,x has be5 ass]t$ t gre5 teas are indebt$ = _! qualities & col\r to a process ( dry+ !m ^u plates ( copp]4 ,?is is c]ta9ly incorrect4 ,! leaves = gre5 tea are ga!r$1 & imm$iately roa/$1 or ta*$1 z x is call$1 ^u ca/-iron plates1 & !n are v mu* rubb$ betwixt m5's h&s1 to roll !m4 ,!y are aft]w>ds spread out & sep>at$1 z ! leaves 9 roll+ are apt to adh]e to ea* o!r3 & are aga9 plac$ ov] ! fire1 & made v dry4 ,aft] ?is !y are pick$1 cleans$ f du/1 sev]al times ta*$ or roa/$1 & f9ally put hot into ! *e/s 9 :i* !y are to be pack$4 ,! pr9cipal k9ds ( gre5 tea are s+lo1 hyson1 & gunp[d]4 7a7 ,s+lo1 or ,song-lo1 is s nam$ f ! place :]e x is *iefly cultivat$4 ,( ?is tea !re are ?ree or m sorts2 b ! leaves ( ! be/ are l>ge1 f9e1 flat1 & clean4 ,x is ga!r$ at two seasons1 ! fir/ 9 ,april1 & ! second 9 ,june4 ,z we see x1 ! leaf is flatti%1 & yields1 on infusion1 a pale amb]-col\r$ liquor4 7b7 ,hyson1 or ,hee-*un1 has its "n f t ( an ,indian m]*ant :o fir/ sold ?is tea to ! ,europeans4 ,!re are two ga!r+s ( hyson4 ,x %\ld h a f9e bloom+ appe>ance1 be ( a full-siz$ gra91 v dry1 & s crisp t1 ) slight pressure1 x w crumble to du/4 ,:5 infus$ 9 wat] ! leaf %\ld appe> op51 cle>1 & smoo?1 & %\ld t+e ! wat] a light gre5 col\r2 ! infusion ought to h an aromatic smell1 & a /rong pung5t ta/e4 7c7 ,gunp[d] tea is a sup]ior k9d ( hyson1 ga!r$ & dri$ ) peculi> c>e4 ,?is tea %\ld be *os5 9 r\nd gra9s1 some:at resembl+ small %ot1 ) a beautiful bloom ^u x :i* w n be> ! brea?3 x %\ld h a gre5i% hue1 & a fragrant pung5t ta/e4 ,gunp[d] tea is sometimes adult]at$2 an inf]ior k9d be+ dy$ & glaz$ 9 su* mann] z to resemble x2 b1 on infusion1 ?is is f\nd 9 e respect v inf]ior4 ,tea1 bo? black & gre51 is sometimes import$ 9 balls f ! weight ( two ounces to ! size ( peas4 ,! dri$ leaves ( ! tea plant are a commodity :i*1 a c5tury & a half ago1 7 sc>cely kn[n z an article ( trade4 ,! e>lie/ importation ( tea into ,europe is said to h be5 by a ,dut* m]*ant 9 #afaj2 b ! "t ( its fir/ introduction into ,engl& has n be5 correctly asc]ta9$4 ,s sc>ce an article 0 x1 = _m ye>s aft] ! above p]iod1 t1 9 #afff1 tw5ty-two p\nds & ?ree qu>t]s ( tea1 e/imat$ at fifty %ill+s a p\nd1 7 pres5t$1 z a valuable gift1 to ,k+ ,*>les ! ,second4 ,! fir/ importation ( tea by ! ,ea/ ,india ,company 0 9 #affi1 & ?is consi/$ only ( two cani/]s1 weigh+ #adclb4 #hoz4 ,s rapidly1 h[ev]1 has ! consumption ( ?is article s9ce increas$1 t1 not)/&+ ! imm5se di/ance f :i* x is br\ght1 x n[ am\nts to m ?an tw5ty millions ( p\nds' weight p] annum4 ,su* is1 at pres5t1 ! ext5t ( ! tea trade1 t x af=ds con/ant employm5t = at lea/ #ej1jjj tons ( %ipp+1 & #f1jjj seam52 & its importance to u is ! great] s9ce x has be5 ! means ( op5+1 9 ,*9a1 a m>ket = ! sale ( wooll5 goods1 "o ( ! mo/ ess5tial articles ( our manufacture1 to ! am\nt ( m ?an "o million ( p\nds /]l+ p] annum4 ,if good tea be tak5 9 mod]ate quantity x is consid]$ by m$ical m5 to be b5eficial1 by exhil>at+ ! spirits & invigorat+ ! sy/em2 b1 :5 tak5 too copi\sly1 x is apt to occasion weakness1 tremor1 & o!r bad symptoms4 ,! tea plant may be propagat$ 9 ! temp]ate climates ( ,europe1 z well z 9 ! ,indies2 "u ! %elt] ( a s\? wall x w ev5 fl\ri% 9 our own g>d5s4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 some:at rem>kable t ! fre% leaves1 if us$ = tea1 produce gidd9ess & /upefaction2 b ^! noxi\s prop]ties are capable ( be+ dissipat$ by ! process ( roa/+4 ,9 "s ( ! s\!rn p>ts ( ,engl& !re are smuggl]s :o h r$uc$ to a regul> process ! managem5t ( ! leaves ( ! a%1 ! sloe1 & "s o!r trees1 = ! adult]ation ( tea4 ,! article ?us prep>$ has ! "n ( sm\*1 & is sometimes mix$ 9 ! proportion ( ab\t "o-?ird1 ) ! ord9>y teas4 ,! prep>ation ( x1 h[ev]1 if discov]$1 is subject to v heavy p5alties4 #age4 ,,cloves are ! unexp&$ fl[]-buds ( an ,ea/ ,indian tree 7,c>yophyllus aromaticus1 ,fig4 #ej71 some:at resembl+ ! laurel 9 its height1 & 9 ! %ape ( its leaves4 ,! leaves are 9 pairs1 oblong1 l>ge1 spe>-%ap$1 & ( bright gre5 col\r4 ,! fl[]s gr[ 9 clu/]s1 :i* t]m9ate ! bran*es1 & h ! calyx divid$ into f\r small & po9t$ segm5ts4 ,! petals are small1 r\nd$1 & ( blui% col\r2 & ! se$ is an oval b]ry4 ,9 ! ,molucca isl&s1 :]e ! prep>ation ( diff]5t spices 0 =m]ly c>ri$ on by ! ,dut* coloni/s to great ext5t1 ! culture ( ! clove-tree 0 a v important pursuit4 ,x has ev5 be5 ass]t$ t1 9 ord] to secure a lucrative bran* ( comm]ce 9 ?is article to !mselves1 !y de/roy$ all ! trees gr[+ 9 o!r isl&s1 & conf9$ ! propagation ( !m to t ( ,t]nate only4 ,b x appe>s t1 9 #aggj & #aggb1 bo? clove & nutmeg trees 7 transplant$ f ! ,moluccas into ! isl&s ( ,france & ,b\rbon2 &1 subsequ5tly1 into "s ( ! colonies ( ,s\? ,am]ica1 :]e !y h s9ce be5 cultivat$ ) great success4 ,at a c]ta9 season ( ! ye> ! clove-tree produces a va/ pr(usion ( fl[]s4 ,:5 ^! h atta9$ ! l5g? ( ab\t half an in*1 ! f\r po9ts ( ! calyx be+ prom95t1 & hav+ 9 ! middle ( !m ! leaves ( ! petals fold$ ov] ea* o!r1 & =m+ a small head ab\t ! size ( a pea1 !y are 9 a fit /ate to be ga!r$4 ,?is op]ation is p]=m$ betwixt ! mon?s ( ,octob] & ,febru>y1 p>tly by ! h&1 p>tly by hooks1 & p>tly by beat+ ! trees ) bamboos4 ,! cloves are ei!r receiv$ on clo?s spread b5ea? ! trees1 or are suff]$ to fall on ! gr\nd1 ! h]bage hav+ previ\sly be5 cut & swept = t purpose4 ,!y are subsequ5tly dri$ by exposure = a :ile to ! smoke ( wood fires1 & aft]w>ds to ! rays ( ! sun4 ,:5 fir/ ga!r$ !y are ( r$di% col\r1 b1 by dry+1 !y assume a deep br[n ca/4 ,?is spice yields a v fragrant od\r1 & a bitt]i%1 pung5t1 & w>m ta/e4 ,x is sometimes employ$ z a hot & /imulat+ m$ic9e1 b is m frequ5tly us$ 9 cul9>y prep>ations4 ,:5 fre% ga!r$1 cloves w yield on pressure a fragrant1 ?ick1 & r$di% oil2 &1 by di/illation1 a limpid ess5tial oil4 ,! latt] is import$ into ,europe1 b is frequ5tly adult]at$1 & sometimes ev5 to ! am\nt ( ne>ly half its weight4 ,oil ( cloves is us$ by _m p]sons1 ?\gh v improp]ly1 = cur+ ! too?-a*e1 s9ce1 f its pung5t quality1 x is apt to corrode ! gums1 & injure ! adjac5t tee?4 ,:5 ! too? is c>i\s1 & w admit ( x1 a bruis$ clove is mu* to be pref]r$4 #agf4 ,,ladanum1 or ,,labdanum1 is a res9\s drug :i* exudes1 & is collect$1 f ! leaves & bran*es ( a beautiful species ( ci/us 7,ci/us ,creticus71 :i* gr[s 9 ,syria & ! ,grecian isl&s4 ,! height ( ?is %rub seldom exce$s ?ree or f\r feet4 ,its leaves1 :i* /& 9 pairs on %ort foot-/alks1 are oblong1 wr9kl$1 r\gh1 & clammy4 ,! fl[]s appe> 9 ,june & ,july1 & consi/ ( five l>ge r\nd$ petals ( light purpli% col\r1 ea* m>k$ ) a d>k spot at ! base4 ,! anci5t mode ( collect+ ladanum1 if ! acc\nts :i* h be5 /at$ respect+ x may be cr$it$1 0 n a little curi\s4 ,goats1 :i* delight 9 graz+ ^u ! leaves & "y bran*es ( ! %rubs t produce x1 7 turn$ loose into ! plantation1 & ! res9 t adh]$ to ! long hair ( _! be>ds & ?ighs 0 aft]w>ds deta*$ by comb+ !m4 ,! pres5t me?od is diff]5t1 & is a labori\s & tr\blesome employm5t4 ,t\rne=t in=ms u t he saw sev5 or eight c\ntry fell[s1 9 _! %irts & draw]s1 & 9 ! hotte/ "p ( ! day1 draw+ ov] ! %rubs a k9d ( :ip1 or rake1 ) num]\s long /raps or ?ongs ( lea!r4 ,f ^! !y collect$ ! res91 by scrap+ x (f ) a k9d ( knife2 aft] :i* x 0 made into cakes ( diff]5t sizes = sale4 ,z loose s& g5]ally adh]es1 9 consid]able quantity1 to ! visc\s leaves ( ! %rub1 x is n unusual = deal]s 9 ?is drug to adult]ate x ) s&4 ,we import ladanum pr9cipally f ! ,levant & ! ,p]sian ,gulf2 & x comes to u 9 cakes or masses ( diff]5t size1 d>k col\r1 & ab\t ! consi/5ce ( s(t pla/]2 & also 9 rolls1 light]-col\r$ & mu* h>d]1 :i* are twi/$ up s z some:at to resemble ! rolls ( wax tap]s4 ,! smell ( ladanum is /rong1 b n disagreeable2 & its ta/e is w>m1 aromatic1 & some:at unpleasant4 ,?is drug 0 =m]ly mu* us$ z an int]nal m$ic9e2 b x is n[ employ$ only ext]nally1 z an +r$i5t 9 pla/]s4 #agg4 ,! ,,tulip-,,tree 7,liriod5dron tulipif]a7 is an ,am]ican production :i* yields a v beautiful & valuable k9d ( wood4 ,x sometimes gr[s to ! height ( sixty or sev5ty feet2 & has lob$ leaves1 & tulip-%ap$ fl[]s4 ,:ile "y1 ! wood ( ! tulip-tree is :ite2 b at an advanc$ age1 x assumes a f9e yell[ col\r1 or a /reak$ appe>ance ( diff]5t %ades ( r$4 ,?is wood is equally useful 9 ornam5tal furniture1 & z a timb] = build+4 ,x is occasionally employ$ 9 ! con/ruction ( light vessels2 & ! trunks ( tulip-trees are frequ5tly holl[$ by ! ,indians into canoes4 ,:5 !y h be5 gr[n 9 a fav\rable soil & climate1 "o ( !m is suffici5tly l>ge to be made into a canoe capable ( conta9+ sev]al p4 ,on acc\nt ( its quick gr[? & easy culture1 ?is noble tree well des]ves ! att5tion ( plant]s 9 our own c\ntry4 ---- ,,class ,,xiv4--,,didynamia4 ---- ,,gymnosp]mia4 #agh4 ,,lav5d] is a well-kn[n p]5nial g>d5 plant 7,lav&ula spica7 :i* gr[s wild 9 ! s\? ( ,europe1 & ! fl[]s ( :i* yield a grateful p]fume4 ,su* is ! fragrance ( ?is delightful fl[]1 & s easy is its culture1 t we c n[ sc>cely ent] a g>d5 9 :i* x is n f\nd4 ,x w gr[ 9 almo/ any soil1 b x fl\ri%es mo/ luxuriantly 9 clayey gr\nd2 & 9 situations :5ce1 )\t inconv5i5ce1 x c be convey$ to ! metropolis1 x is a v valuable crop4 ,:5 cultivat$ to any ext5t1 lav5d] %\ld be plant$ 9 r[s two or ?ree feet ap>t1 & ! sets %\ld be ab\t two feet f ea* o!r4 ,x is usually propagat$ f slips4 ,dur+ dry wea!r1 9 ! mon? ( ,july1 ! fl[]s %\ld be ga!r$1 by cutt+ (f ! heads close to ! /em2 aft] :i* !y mu/ be ti$ 9 bundles to be di/ill$4 ,:5 di/ill$ ) wat]1 ! fl[]s ( lav5d]1 if 9 a mature /ate1 yield an ess5tial oil2 g5]ally 9 ! proportion ( ab\t "o ounce ( oil to sixty ounces ( fl[]s4 ,?is oil is ( a bright yell[ col\r1 & possesses ! p]fect fragrance ( ! lav5d]4 ,b1 if di/ill$ ) rectifi$ _s1 ! virtues are m completely extract$4 ,f ! leaves a v small proportion ( oil c be obta9$4 ,! prep>ations ( ?is plant t are us$ 9 m$ic9e are1 ! ess5tial oil1 a simple _s1 & a comp\nd t9cture4 ,lav5d]1 h[ev]1 is mu* m frequ5tly & m ext5sively employ$ z a p]fume ?an m$ic9ally4 ,! fl[]s are deposit$ 9 *e/s & w>drobes among l951 n only on acc\nt ( _! fragrant smell1 b also f an op9ion t _! od\r w prev5t ! depr$ations ( mo?s & o!r insects4 ,! p]fume call$ lav5d] wat] may be prep>$ by mix+ ?ree dra*ms ( oil ( lav5d]1 & "o dra*m ( ess5ce ( amb]gris1 ) "o p9t ( _s ( w9e4 ,lav5d] is suppos$ to h be5 fir/ cultivat$ 9 ,engl& ab\t ! ye> #aeeh4 #agi4 ,,common or ,,spe>-,,m9t 7,m5?a viridis71 "o ( our mo/ frequ5t g>d5 h]bs1 is a native ,briti% plant1 & gr[s wild 9 wat]y places1 & ne> ! banks ( riv]s1 9 sev]al p>ts ( ,engl&4 ,! anci5ts ascrib$ _m virtues to diff]5t k9ds ( m9t1 b x is n n[ possible to asc]ta9 correctly ! respective species1 ?\gh !re c be little d\bt t spe>-m9t 0 "o ( ! mo/ important ( !m4 ,its flav\r is to _m p]sons peculi>ly agreeable1 &1 on ?is acc\nt1 x is employ$ = sev]al cul9>y purposes1 bo? 9 a gre5 & dri$ /ate4 ,! leaves are us$ 9 spr+ salads1 are boil$ ) peas1 & put into s\p4 ,9 conjunction ) v9eg> & sug> !y =m a sauce = lamb2 & prep>$ ) sug>1 !y are made into a grateful cons]ve4 ,spe>-m9t is occasionally us$ 9 m$ic9e1 & ! (fic9al prep>ations ( x are ! cons]ve1 an ess5tial oil1 a simple di/ill$ wat]1 a _s1 & a t9cture1 or extract4 ,9 dry+1 ! leaves lose ab\t ?ree-f\r?s ( _! weight1 b )\t suff]+ mu* ei!r 9 ta/e or smell4 #ahj4 ,,pepp] ,,m9t 7,m5?a pip]ita7 is a ,briti% plant1 :i* gr[s 9 wat]y places1 & is cultivat$ *iefly on acc\nt ( an oil & di/ill$ wat] :i* are prep>$ f x4 ,?is is ! /ronge/ & mo/ aromatic ( all ! m9ts2 &1 on ?is acc\nt1 is m us$ 9 m$ic9e ?an any o!r species4 ,:5 di/ill$ ) wat] x yields a consid]able quantity ( ess5tial oil1 ( pale gre5i% yell[ col\r4 ,! well-kn[n liquor call$ pepp] m9t wat]1 prep>$ f ?is plant1 is an excell5t /oma*ic3 b is too (t5 us$ 9 cases ( impair$ appetite1 & = ! relief ( v>i\s imag9>y compla9ts4 ,,angiosp]mia4 #aha4 ,! ,,fox-,,glove 7,digitalis purpurea7 is a /ately ,briti% plant1 ) long1 erect spikes ( l>ge1 purple1 & some:at bell-%ap$ fl[]s1 m>k$ int]nally ) d>k spots 9 :iti% r+s1 & conta9+ f\r /am5s1 ) l>ge yell[ an!rs4 ,! calyx1 or fl[]-cup1 has five po9t$ divisions4 ,! extremity ( ! blossom is divid$ into five segm5ts2 & ! se$-vessel is egg-%ap$1 & conta9s _m se$s4 ,! leaves are l>ge1 wr9kl$1 & some:at d[ny b5ea?4 ,! gravelly or s&y h$ge-banks or hills ( all ! midl& c\nties ( ,engl& are adorn$1 9 ! lat] mon?s ( summ]1 ) ?is1 "o ( ! mo/ beautiful1 mo/ dang]\s1 & yet1 if prop]ly appli$1 "o ( ! mo/ useful ( all our wild plants4 ,= its m$ic9al virtues x has long be5 e/eem$4 ,! ,italians h an adage :i* implies t ! fox-glove heals all sores3 h5ce x is said1 t !y apply ! bruis$ leaves1 & ! juice ( ! leaves1 9 ! heal+ ( diff]5t k9ds ( w\nds1 & p>ticul>ly = ! removal ( scrophul\s swell+s4 ,! juice ( ?is plant has a bitt] & nause\s ta/e2 &1 :5 tak5 int]nally1 acts viol5tly on ! /oma* & b[els1 & br+s on /upor & dr[s9ess2 not)/&+ :i*1 9 c>eful h&s1 x may be r5d]$ a valuable m$ic9e 9 dropsy1 consumption1 & epilepsy4 ,x is giv5 9 p[d]1 t9cture1 & infusion ( ! dri$ leaves2 & su* is its /r5g?1 t ,dr4 ,woodville /ates1 ! dose ( ! dri$ leaves1 9 p[d]1 %\ld n exce$ f "o to ?ree gra9s p] day4 #ahb4 ,! ,,calaba%-,,tree 7,cresc5tia cujeta7 is a production ( ! ,we/ ,indies & ,am]ica1 ab\t ! height & dim5sions if an apple-tree1 ) crook$ horizontal bran*es1 w$ge-%ap$ leaves1 pale :ite fl[]s on ! trunk & bran*es1 & a r\ndi% fruit1 f two in*es to a foot 9 diamet]4 ,! uses to :i* ! fruit ( ! calaba% tree is appli$ are v num]\s4 ,be+ cov]$ ) a gre5i% yell[ sk91 :i* encloses a ?91 h>d1 & almo/ woody %ell1 x is employ$ = v>i\s k9ds ( dome/ic vessels1 su* z wat] cans1 goblets1 & cups ( almo/ e %ape & description4 ,s h>d & close-gra9$ is ! calaba%1 t1 :5 x conta9s any k9d ( fluid1 x may ev5 be put on ! fire )\t injury4 ,:5 int5d$ = ornam5tal purposes1 ! vessels t are made ( ! %ell ( ?is fruit are sometimes highly poli%$1 & h figures engrav5 ^u !m1 :i* are v>i\sly t+$ ) indigo & o!r col\rs4 ,! ,indians make musical in/rum5ts ) ! calaba%4 ,! calaba% conta9s a pale1 yell[1 juicy pulp1 ( unpleasant ta/e1 :i* is e/eem$ a valuable rem$y 9 sev]al disord]s1 bo? ext]nal & int]nal4 ---- ,,class ,,xv4--,,tetradynamia4 ---- ,,siliculosa4 #ahc4 ,,sea ,,kale 7,crambe m>itima7 is a well-kn[n plant 9 our kit*5-g>d5s1 ! e>ly %oots ( :i* are blan*$1 & eat5 9 ! same mann] z asp>agus4 ,?is plant gr[s wild on s&y sea-coa/s 9 v>i\s p>ts ( ,engl&2 & has be5 transplant$ !nce into ! g>d5s4 ,! mode ( managem5t is1 9 ! autumn1 to place l>ge inv]t$ g>d5-pots ov] ! plants1 & to cov] ! :ole b$ & ! pots ) dung & litt]4 ,! heat ( ! f]m5t+ dung causes ! plants to %oot e>ly 9 ! spr+2 & ! pots protect !m & keep !m cle> ( ! litt]4 ,by ?is means also1 z !y h no access to ! light1 !y become blan*$1 t5d]1 & ( extremely sweet & delicate flav\r4 ,sea kale is ready = use "s "t be=e asp>agus appe>s2 &1 = ! table1 x is pref]r$ by mo/ p]sons to t fav\rite vegetable4 ,if ! leaves ( sea kale be eat5 :5 full gr[n1 !y are said to occasion gidd9ess2 b horses1 c[s1 sw9e1 & o!r animals1 fe$ ^u !m )\t injury4 #ahd4 ,,woad is a dye+ drug1 produc$ by a ,briti% plant 7,isatis t9ctoria71 ) arr[-%ap$ leaves on ! /em1 yell[ cruci=m fl[]s1 & oblong se$-vessels1 ea* conta9+ "o se$4 ,?is plant is believ$ to h be5 ! same t 0 adopt$ by ! anci5t ,britons = /a9+1 or pa9t+ _! bodies a blue col\r1 to r5d] !m1 9 appe>ance1 at lea/1 m t]rible to _! enemies4 ,x gr[s wild on ! bord]s ( corn-fields1 9 "s p>ts ( ,cambridge%ire1 ,som]set%ire1 & ,durham3 & is cultivat$ 9 sev]al ( ! clo?+ di/ricts ( ,engl&4 ,z soon z ! plants are 9 a suffici5t /ate ( maturity1 !y are ga!r$4 ,! leaves are pick$ (f1 & submitt$ to ! action ( mills1 some:at simil> to ! mills t are us$ = ! gr9d+ ( oak-b>k4 ,9 ^! !y are r$uc$ to a pulp4 ,! woad is !n laid 9 small heaps1 :i* are closely & smoo?ly press$ d[n4 ,aft] cont9u+ ab\t a =tnight 9 ?is /ate1 ! heaps are brok5 up1 & _! sub/ance is =m$ into balls1 :i* are expos$ to ! sun to be dri$4 ,:5 ! balls are p]fectly dry1 !y are ready = use2 & are employ$1 n only 9 dye+ blue1 b also z ! basis ( sev]al o!r col\rs4 #ahe4 ,,horse-,,radi% 7,co*le>ia armoracia7 is a well-kn[n kit*5-g>d5 plant1 :i* gr[s wild by ! sides ( dit*es & ! banks ( riv]s1 9 sev]al p>ts ( ! nor? ( ,engl&4 ,! root ( horse-radi% is mu* us$ = cul9>y purposes4 ,x is rem>kable = great pung5cy bo? ( smell & ta/e4 ,:5 scrap$1 x is mix$ ) pickles to height5 _! flav\r1 & is eat5 ) roa/ beef1 fi%1 & sev]al o!r k9ds ( food4 ,:5ev] m ( ! roots are dug out ( ! e>? at once ?an are imm$iately want$1 !y may be pres]v$ = "s "t1 9 a juicy /ate1 by putt+ !m into dry s&4 ,horse-radi% is also 9 consid]able repute z a m$ic9e1 & is a p[]ful /imulant1 :e!r ext]nally or int]nally appli$4 ,not)/&+ ?is1 we are in=m$ by ,dr4 ,)]+1 t an infusion ( hors]adi% 9 cold milk is "o ( ! be/ & safe/ cosmetics t are kn[n4 ,,siliquosa4 #ahf4 ,,common ,,mu/>d is made f ! p[d]$ se$s ( a plant 7,s9apis nigra71 :i* gr[s wild 9 corn-fields & by road sides1 9 mo/ p>ts ( ,engl&1 & is kn[n by its yell[ cruci=m fl[]s1 ) exp&+ calyx1 & its pods be+ smoo?1 squ>e1 & close to ! /em4 ,9 light & o!rwise b>r5 l&s mu/>d is cultivat$ to great advantage4 ,t :i* is produc$ 9 ! c\nty ( ,durham has mu* celebrity2 ?\gh ! p[d]$ se$s ( *>lock h1 9 _m in/ances1 be5 sub/itut$1 & sold 9 place ( x4 ,mu/>d is 9 daily use at our tables1 & ! se$s1 :ole or bruis$1 are employ$ 9 pickles1 & = num]\s o!r cul9>y purposes4 ,^! se$s yield1 on pressure1 a consid]able quantity ( oil1 :i* is s(t & insipid to ! ta/e1 & p>takes b little ( ! acrimony ( ! plant4 ,diff]5t prep>ations ( mu/>d are sometimes us$ 9 m$ic9e4 ,! se$s1 tak5 int]nally1 are s]viceable 9 a/hma1 rheumatism1 & palsy4 ,cataplasms ( mu/>d are employ$1 on acc\nt ( its /imulat+ prop]ties1 on b5umb$ or p>alytic limbs4 ,an infusion ( ! p[d]$ se$s1 tak5 9 consid]able quantity1 op]ates z an emetic1 &1 9 small] quantity1 is an useful ap]i5t & diuretic4 #ahg4 ,,rape & ,,cole ,,se$ 7,brassica napus7 are diff]5t v>ieties ( a plant ) yell[ cruci=m fl[]s &1 sp9dle-%ap$ root1 :i* gr[s wild ^u dit* banks1 & among/ corn4 ,?is plant is di/+ui%$ f o!rs ( ! same tribe by its roots be+ a regul> cont9uation ( ! /em4 ,9 sev]al p>ts ( ,engl& rape & cole se$ are s[n int]mix$1 ! plants be+ di/+ui%able 9 _! gr[? by ! cole exce$+ ! rape 9 height1 be+ m s(t & t5d]1 & less bran*$ & bu%y4 ,:5 s[n sep>ately ! cole is usually1 ?\gh n always1 consum$ z food = %eep & cattle2 & ! rape is all[$ to /& = se$4 ,= ! cultivation ( rape ! soil ought to be ri* & deep4 ,! h>ve/ comm5ces ab\t ! mon? ( ,augu/2 & z ! se$1 :5 9 a /ate ( maturity1 is easily %$1 x is cu/om>y1 9 "s places1 to ?re% ! plants on a l>ge clo? 9 ! field4 ,rape-clo?s are sometimes s l>ge z to measure tw5ty y>ds squ>e1 & to weigh m ?an half a ton4 ,! ?re%+ is almo/ always consid]$ a sort ( fe/ival1 at :i* a great portion ( ! neighb\rs att5d1 9 ord] to exp$ite ! "w2 & !y are repaid by ! good *e] ( _! bro!r f>m]4 ,9 o!r places ! rape is c>ri$ on a clo?1 9 a l[ k9d ( waggon1 to be ?re%$ out ( ! field4 ,oil is obta9$ f rape-se$ by pressure4 ,?is is us$1 9 l>ge quantities1 by clo?i]s & o!rs4 ,x is also us$ 9 m$ic9e2 & = mak+ ! soap call$ gre5 soap4 ,x is likewise useful = v>i\s purposes 9 dome/ic life1 & p>ticul>ly = burn+ 9 lamps2 b x is apt to become rancid1 ?\gh !re are means ( purify+ x4 ,aft] ! oil has be5 extract$1 ! refuse is call$ oil-cake1 & is employ$ = ! fatt5+ ( ox52 &1 9 ,norfolk1 is sometimes brok5 to pieces1 & /rew$ ^u ! l& z manure4 ,! roots ( rape plants may be eat5 l turnips1 b !y h a /rong] ta/e4 ,! /alks1 or haulm1 if /rong1 may be advantage\sly employ$ 9 ! =mation ( ! enclos+ f5ces ( f>m-y>ds4 ,!y are1 h[ev]1 g5]ally burnt2 & 9 "s p>ts ( ! c\ntry1 ! a%es1 :i* are equal 9 quality to ! be/ pot-a%es1 are collect$ toge!r & sold4 #ahh4 ,! ,,turnip 7,brassica rapa7 is a well-kn[n edible root1 :i* is cultivat$ to great ext5t 9 almo/ e "p ( ,engl&4 ,to ! f>m] turnips are1 9 v>i\s p>ticul>s1 a mo/ valuable crop4 ,!y af=d a pr(itable int]v5+ crop ) corn4 ,bo? ! tops & roots are eat5 by %eep4 ,horses & cattle may be advantage\sly f$ ^u ! roots dur+ w9t]2 b ! milk ( c[s receives an unpleasant flav\r f !m4 ,?is flav\r is also communicat$ to ! butt]2 b x may be tak5 (f by dissolv+ a little nitre 9 spr+ wat]1 & putt+ a small tea-cupful ( x into ab\t eight gallons ( milk1 :5 w>m f ! c[4 ,turnips also s]ve z food = mank9d1 ei!r boil$ or roa/$4 ,9 ! ye>s #afbi1 #afcf1 & #afic1 dur+ ! pressure ( a sev]e fam9e1 bread is /at$ to h be5 made ( turnips 9 sev]al p>ts ( ,engl&1 p>ticul>ly 9 ! c\nty ( ,essex4 ,! process 0 to put ! turnips into a kettle ov] a sl[ fire1 till !y became s(t2 !y 7 !n tak5 out1 squeez$ z dry z possible1 mix$ ) an equal quantity ( fl\r1 &1 aft] hav+ be5 knead$ ) yea/1 salt1 & a little w>m wat]1 7 made into loaves & bak$4 ,9 bread ?us made ! peculi> ta/e ( ! turnip is said to be sc>cely p]ceptible4 ,^! roots h be5 mu* recomm5d$ z sea /ore1 f ! possibility1 ) c>e1 ( pres]v+ !m = a great l5g? ( "t un9jur$1 & f _! furni%+ an agreeable & :olesome food = sailors1 on long voyages4 ,! "y & t5d] tops ( turnips1 :5 boil$1 af=d an agreeable sub/itute = gre5s4 ,= ! cultivation ( turnips a light soil1 p>ticul>ly su* z consi/s ( a mixture ( s& & loam1 is f\nd pref]able to ri* & heavy l&4 ,turnips are rais$ f se$1 :i* x has long be5 ! e/abli%$ cu/om to s[ 9 ! mon? ( ,june4 ,z soon z ! "y plants h atta9$ a tol]able size1 !y are ho$1 = ! purpose ( ?9n+ !m4 ,9 _! gr[? !y suff] mu* by ! attacks ( slugs1 cat]pill>s1 & insects ( diff]5t k9ds1 p>ticul>ly ( a small1 d>k beetle ) two longitud9al yell[i% /ripes 7,*rysomela nemorum71 :i* is call$ by f>m]s ! turnip-fly4 ,= ! de/ruction ( ?is insect _m plans h1 at diff]5t times1 be5 devis$4 ,turnips are ei!r eat5 on ! l& by cattle1 or are drawn out & /ack$1 or pres]v$ "u gr\nd = w9t] use2 &1 9 ?is /ate1 !y may be kept s\nd till ,april4 ,!re are sev]al k9ds ( turnips2 b ( ^! ! common :ite1 or ,norfolk turnips1 & ! ,ruta-baga1 or ,sw$i% turnips1 are ! pr9cipal4 ,! latt]1 :i* inde$ con/itute a di/9ct species1 are g5]ally ( a yell[i% col\r1 & are s h>dy z to suff] no injury ev5 f ! mo/ int5se cold2 b _! sub/ance is s compact z sometimes to break ! tee? ( %eep :i* fe$ ^u !m4 #ahi4 ,! ,,common ,,cabbage 7,brassica ol]acea7 is a well-kn[n plant1 ! orig9al /ock ( :i* gr[s on cliffs by ! seaside1 9 ,k5t1 ,cornwall1 ,york%ire1 & ,wales4 ,?is wild plant is likewise ! orig9al ( ! v>i\s k9ds ( colewort1 borecole1 caulifl[]1 & brocoli4 ,! effects ( cultivation on ! cabbage are v rem>kable4 ,9 ! wild plants ! leaves are ext5d$3 b 9 ! common g>d5 cabbage !y are set s close toge!r z to lie ^u ea* o!r1 almo/ l ! scales ( a bulb1 &1 increas+ 9 compactness z !y increase 9 size3 ^? 9 ! int]ior be+ exclud$ f ! effects ( ! light1 d n assume a gre51 b are ( yell[ col\r4 ,o!r plants ( ?is species =m _! /alks into a head1 z ! caulifl[] & brocoli2 & o!rs gr[1 9 a natural way1 )\t =m+ ei!r _! leaves or /alks into heads1 z ! coleworts1 or ,dorset%ire kale1 ! borcoles1 turnip-root$ cabbage1 & o!rs4 ,9 "s p>ts ( ,engl&1 cabbages ( diff]5t k9ds are mu* cultivat$ z food = cattle1 & !y succe$ well 9 ri* & f9ely prep>$ l&4 ,! se$ is s[n 9 ,febru>y or ,m>*4 ,9 ,april or ,may ! "y plants are tak5 out1 & set 9 r[s1 at a little di/ance f ea* o!r2 &1 9 ! ensu+ autumn & w9t]1 ! cabbages af=d a valuable /ock ( food4 ,all ! k9ds ( cabbage are useful = dome/ic purposes2 & "s ( !m af=d a peculi>ly sweet & delicate food4 ,an agreeable pickle is made ( !m1 & ! ,g]mans1 & p ( o!r nor!rn c\ntries ( ! ,cont95t1 prep>e f !m a fav\rite food call$ s\r-cr\t4 ,^! plants 7 kn[n to1 & mu* us$ by1 ! anci5t ,greeks & ,romans4 ,cabbages are bi5nial plants1 or are s[n "o ye>1 produce se$ 9 ! ensu+ ye>1 & !n die4 ---- ,,class ,,xvi4--,,monadelphia4 ---- ,,tri&ria4 #aij4 ,,tam>9ds are ! pulp & ne$s produc$ by ! pods ( a l>ge tree ) w+$ leaves 7,tam>9dus ,indica1 ,fig4 #ea71 :i* gr[s 9 ! ,ea/ & ,we/ ,indies1 ,am]ica1 & sev]al p>ts ( ,asia4 ,?is tree is f ?irty to =ty feet 9 height2 & its leaves consi/ usually ( f\rte5 pairs ( leaflets4 ,! fl[]s are =m$ 9 clu/]s1 f ! sides ( ! bran*es1 & h ea* ?ree yell[i% petals1 beautifully m>k$ ) r$ ve9s4 ,! fruit ( ! tam>9d-tree is a r\ndi% b some:at compress$ pod1 f\r or five in*es 9 l5g?1 ! ext]nal "p ( :i* is v brittle4 ,ea* pod conta9s ?ree or f\r h>d se$s1 envelop$ 9 t\gh sk9s1 surr\nd$ by a d>k-col\r$1 acid pulp1 & connect$ toge!r by num]\s t\gh & woody fibres4 ,previ\sly to ! exportation ( tam>9ds1 ! pulp1 ) ! se$s & fibres1 are fre$ f _! %ell3 & ^? :i* we receive f ! ,we/ ,indies are usually pres]v$ 9 syrup4 ,9 ,jamaica ! fruit is ga!r$ ab\t ! mon? ( ,july4 ,:5 fully ripe1 & aft] ! pods are cle>$ away1 ! rema9d] is plac$ 9 lay]s1 9 small casks3 & boil+ syrup1 j be=e x beg9s to granulate1 is p\r$ ^u !m until ! casks are fill$1 aft] :i* ! heads are put 9 & fa/5$ up = exportation4 ,! ,ea/ ,indian tam>9ds are g5]ally pack$ )\t any admixture4 ,!y are m e/eem$ ?an ! o!rs2 &1 :5 9 ! pods1 are easily di/+ui%$ f !m by _! be+ long]1 & conta9+ six or sev5 se$s2 ! pulp also is dri] & ( d>k] col\r4 ,x is said t we are indebt$ to ! ,arabians = a k ( ! use ( tam>9ds4 ,9 hot climates !y are a mo/ refre%+ & delici\s fruit2 &1 dissolv$ 9 wat]1 are mu* us$ z a cool+ & agreeable bev]age1 p>ticul>ly by p]sons suff]+ "u fev]4 ,!y also give great relief 9 sore ?roats1 & o!r compla9ts4 ,,poly&ria4 #aia4 ,! ,,s\r-,,g\rd1 ,,boabab1 or ,,african ,,calaba%-,,tree 7,adansonia digitata7 is probably ! l>ge/ ( all vegetable productions4 ,! trunk1 al?\gh n usually m ?an twelve or fifte5 feet high1 is frequ5tly f sixty to eighty feet 9 gir?4 ,! l[e/ bran*es ext5d almo/ horizontally2 &1 z !y are sometimes ne> sixty feet 9 l5g?1 !y b5d1 by _! own weight1 to ! gr\nd2 & ?us ! :ole tree =ms an hemisph]ical mass ( v]dure1 :i* measures f #abj to #acj feet 9 diamet]4 ,! fruit is oblong1 ab\t t5 in*es 9 l5g?1 po9t$ at bo? ends1 & cov]$ ) a gre5i% d[n1 "u :i* !re is a blacki% & woody r9d4 ,its int]ior consi/s ( a :iti%1 spongy1 & juicy sub/ance1 ) sev]al br[n se$s4 ,?is tree is a native ( ,s5egal & o!r p>ts ( ,africa4 ,! virtues & uses ( ! s\r-g\rd tree & its fruit are num]\s & ( great importance to ! inhabitants ( ! c\ntries 9 :i* x is f\nd4 ,! b>k & leaves are dri$1 p[d]$1 & pres]v$ 9 bags1 to be employ$ z a season+ = food4 ,two or ?ree p9*es ( ?is p[d] are put1 by ! negroes1 into _! messes1 "u an impression t x promotes p]spiration & mod]ates ! heat ( ! blood4 ,! pulp ( ! fruit has an agreeably acid flav\r4 ,?is is n only eat5 :5 fre%1 b is dri$ & p[d]$ = m$ic9al uses2 a k9d ( soap is also prep>$ f x4 ,9 ,s5egal1 :5 ! trees are decay$1 ! trunks are holl[$1 by ! negroes1 into bury+-places = _! poets1 musicians1 & buffoons4 ,^! p]sons are mu* e/eem$ :il/ !y live1 al?\gh !y are suppos$ to d]ive _! sup]ior tal5ts f sorc]y or an alliance ) demons4 ,:5 dead1 h[ev]1 _! bodies are reg>d$ ) horror1 & are n all[$ ! usual burial1 "u a notion t ! e>? w\ld1 9 su* case1 refuse to produce its accu/om$ fruits4 ,! bodies inclos$ 9 ^! trees are said to become p]fectly dry )\t decay+1 & ?us to =m a k9d ( mummies1 )\t ! process ( embalm+4 #aib4 ,,cotton is a s(t vegetable d[n1 :i* is conta9$ 9 ! se$ vessels1 & envelopes ! se$s ( ! cotton-plant 7,gosypium h]baceum1 ,fig4 #eb71 :i* is cultivat$ 9 ! ,ea/ & ,we/ ,indies1 & num]\s o!r c\ntries ( hot climates44 ,?is1 ?\gh an annual plant1 gr[s to a consid]able heights ,x has leaves ( bright gre5 col\r1 m>k$ ) br[ni% ve9s1 & ea* divid$ into five lobes4 ,! fl[]s h only "o petal1 9 five segm5ts1 ) a %ort tube1 & are ( pale yell[ col\r1 ) five r$ spots at ! bottom4 ,! cotton pods are ( some:at triangul> %ape1 & h ea* ?ree cells4 ,^!1 :5 ripe1 bur/1 & disclose _! sn[-:ite or yell[i% cont5ts1 9 ! mid/ ( :i* are conta9$ small black se$s1 9 %ape some:at resembl+ ^? ( grapes4 ,we are in=m$1 by ,mr4 ,edw>ds1 t ! plants are rais$ f se$1 ! l& requir+ no o!r prep>ation = !m ?an to be cle>$ ( its native incumbrances4 ,! se$s are usually s[n 9 r[s six or eight feet asund]1 & ! holes 9 :i* !y are put are ab\t f\r feet ap>t4 ,at ! end ( five mon?s ! plants beg9 to fl[]1 & 9 two mon?s m ! pods are =m$4 ,aft] ! cotton is ga!r$1 x is fre$ f ! se$s to :i* x is atta*$1 by a v simple ma*9e1 consi/+ ( two small roll]s t are close & p>allel to ea* o!r1 & move 9 opposite directions4 ,! cotton is next h&-pick$1 to free x f decay$ leaves1 brok5 se$s1 & o!r impurities2 aft] :i* x is pack$1 = sale1 9 bags ( ab\t two hundr$ p\nds ea*4 ,?\gh ! cotton plant fl\ri%es be/ 9 tropical climates1 x is capable ( cultivation 9 su* z are n s hot2 & x is n[ an object ( att5tion 9 sev]al ( ! s\!rn p>ts ( ,europe4 ,we receive great quantities ( cotton f ,am]ica1 & ! ,ea/ & ,we/ ,indies4 ,! :ole quantity import$ into ?is c\ntry1 9 ! ye> #ahjb1 exce$$ #fj1jjj1jjj p\nds' weight2 :il/ ! av]age annual importation1 ant]ior to #aghj1 did n am\nt to "o t5? "p ( ?is2 s rapid has be5 ! increase & prosp]ity ( our cotton manufactories4 ,calicoes & musl9s ( all k9ds are made ( cotton2 fu/ians1 cord]oys1 & innum]able o!r articles4 ,nanke5s1 :i* are manufactur$ 9 ,india1 are made ( a k9d ( cotton :i* is naturally ( a r$di% buff col\r4 ,aft] ! cotton is import$ into ,engl&1 ! fir/ process :i* x goes ?r\gh is t ( c>d+4 ,"s ye>s ago1 ?is 0 p]=m$ by ! h&1 ^u ! knee1 ) a s+le pair ( c>ds2 b x is n[ p]=m$ ) cyl9drical c>ds1 work$ by ma*9]y4 ,! next & mo/ important improvem5ts 9 ! manufacture ( cotton1 7 made at ,crom=d1 9 ! c\nty ( ,d]by1 by ! late ,sir ,ri*>d ,arkwright2 :o1 9 #agfh1 fir/ introduc$ ! me?od ( sp9n+ cotton by ma*9]y4 ,by ?is contrivance cotton 0 c>d$1 rov$1 & spun1 ) ! utmo/ exp$ition1 correctness1 & equality4 ,o!r ma*9es h1 at diff]5t subsequ5t p]iods1 be5 inv5t$ by v>i\s me*anics & manufactur]s1 p>ticul>ly t call$ a j5ny1 by :i* "o p]son is able to sp9 a hundr$ hanks ( cotton y>n a-day1 conta9+1 9 ! :ole1 ne> a million ( y>ds4 ,! conclud+ op]ation is t ( weav+1 :i* is p]=m$ ) a ma*9e call$ a loom1 9 ! same mann] z flax 7#ig7 & hemp 7#bei74 ,cotton is capable ( be+ manufactur$ into pap]1 :i* is little inf]ior to t made f l95 rags4 ---- ,,class ,,xvii4--,,diadelphia4 ---- ,,dec&ria4 #aic4 ,! ,,common ,,broom 7,sp>tium scop>ium7 is a %rub common on s&y pa/ures & hea?s 9 ne>ly all ! s\!rn p>ts ( ,engl&2 & is di/+ui%$ by hav+ l>ge1 yell[1 butt]fly-%ap$ fl[]s1 leaves 9 ?rees1 & s+le1 & ! bran*es angul>4 ,few ( our wild plants are applicable to m num]\s purposes ( dome/ic utility ?an ?is4 ,its twigs are ti$ 9 bundles1 & =m$ into brooms4 ,"s p]sons roa/ ! se$s1 & make !m into a k9d ( c(fee4 ,! fibr\s & ela/ic p>ts ( ! b>k1 aft] hav+ be5 sep>at$ by soak+ 9 wat]1 may be manufactur$ into cordage1 matt+1 & ev5 into a co>se k9d ( clo?4 ,! twigs & "y bran*es h be5 successfully employ$ z a sub/itute = oak b>k1 9 ! tann+ ( lea!r4 ,!y may also be r5d]$ s]viceable z ?at* = h\ses1 & corn ricks2 & "s p]sons mix !m ) hops 9 brew+2 b x is d\btful :e!r1 9 ?is respect1 !y are :olesome4 ,! fl[] buds1 :5 pickl$1 h occasionally be5 us$ z a sub/itute = cap]s4 ,! wood1 :]e ! dim5sions are suffici5t = ! purpose1 is employ$ by cab9et-mak]s = v5e]+2 & x is /at$ by ,dr4 ,mead1 t a decoction ( ! gre5 tops1 9 conjunction ) mu/>d1 has be5 f\nd efficaci\s 9 ! cure ( dropsy4 #aid4 ,,spani% ,,broom1 or ,,sp>t 7,sp>tium junceum71 is a well-kn[n ornam5tal fl[]+ %rub 9 our g>d5s1 :i* has opposite1 r\nd bran*es1 t fl[] at ! top1 & spe>-%ap$ leaves4 ,9 ! prov9ce ( ,val5cia1 & o!r p>ts ( ,spa91 great att5tion is paid to ?is manufacture ( v>i\s articles f ! twigs & b>k ( ?is %rub4 ,!y are plait$ into mats1 c>pets1 cov]+s = plants1 baskets1 ropes1 & ev5 %oes4 ,a great portion ( ^! twigs 0 =m]ly export$ to diff]5t ,fr5* ports 9 ! ,m$it]ranean1 p>ticul>ly to ,m>seilles2 b1 9 #aghc1 on acc\nt ( ! employm5t ( :i* x depriv$ ! ,spani% p 9 work+ !m1 _! exportation 0 prohibit$ by ! gov]nm5t4 #aie4 ,,furze1 ,,gorze1 or ,,:9 7,ulex ,europu71 is a well-kn[n ?orny %rub1 :i* is common on hea?s & wa/e gr\nd 9 almo/ e "p ( ,engl&4 ,! *ief use to :i* furze is appli$1 is = ! heat+ ( ov5s2 &1 9 ?is respect1 x is valuable1 f its burn+ rapidly1 & emitt+ a great degree ( heat4 ,its a%es are us$ = a ley1 :i* is ( consid]able s]vice 9 ! wa%+ ( l954 ,9 "s p>ts ( ! c\ntry1 furze is s[n on banks1 r\nd fields1 = ! purpose ( a f5ce2 & x w fl\ri% ev5 close to ! sea side1 :]e ! spray ( ! sea de/roys almo/ e o!r %rub4 ,b x w n be> sev]e cold1 & x is (t5 de/roy$ by int5se fro/4 ,furze does n (t5 occur 9 ! nor!rn p>ts ( our isl&4 ,horses1 %eep1 & cattle may be f$ on ?is %rub2 &1 9 sev]al places1 ! se$s ( x are s[n1 ei!r by !mselves1 or ) b>ley1 oats1 or buck-:eat 7#abf74 ,! plants are m[n a ye> aft]w>ds4 ,!y w gr[ = sev]al ye>s1 & produce f t5 to fifte5 tons p] acre ( food1 :i* is equal1 9 quality & excell5ce1 to ! same quantity ( hay4 ,!y are bruis$ be=e !y are eat51 ei!r 9 a ma*9e1 or by heavy mallets on blocks ( wood4 ,?is op]ation is requisite1 9 ord] to break ! prickles1 & prev5t ^! f be+ injuri\s to ! m\?s ( ! animals t eat !m4 #aif4 ,,c[hage1 or ,,c[-,,it*1 is a %>p & b>b$ k9d ( d[n or hair1 :i* ?ickly clo!s ! pods ( a bean-l climb+ plant 7,doli*os pruri5s1 ,fig4 #ec71 t gr[s 9 ! ,we/ ,indies1 & o!r c\ntries ( w>m climates4 ,?is is an h]bace\s plant1 :i* entw9es r\nd ! adjac5t trees or %rubs1 & (t5 rises to a consid]able height4 ,! leaves gr[ 9 ?rees ^u long foot-/alks2 & ! fl[]s are l>ge1 butt]-fly %ap$1 ( purpli% col\r1 & =m long & p5dant spikes1 :i* h a v beautiful appe>ance4 ,x is ! prop]ty ( c[hage1 :5 rubb$ ^u ! sk91 imm$iately to p5etrate x1 & to cause an intol]able it*+4 ,h5ce x is sometimes wantonly employ$ = mis*iev\s purposes2 & h5ce also x is f\nd v tr\blesome to cattle & dome/ic animals1 9 places :]e ! plants gr[4 ,not)/&+ ?is1 x may be swall[$ 9 safety1 &1 if tak5 into ! /oma* & inte/9es1 is said to be an useful rem$y = ! de/ruction ( worms4 ,z a m$ic9e1 x is mix$ ) syrup or treacle into ! =m ( an electu>y4 #aig4 ,,soy is a d>k-col\r$ sauce1 :i* is prep>$ f ! se$s ( a ,*9ese plant 7,doli*os soja71 t has an erect & hairy /em1 erect bran*es ( fl[]s1 & p5dul\s bri/ly pods1 ea* conta9+ ab\t two se$s4 ,!re is a joke among/ seam51 t soy is made f beetles or cockroa*es4 ,?is probably orig9ates 9 ! se$s ( ! plant f :i* ! sauce is manufactur$ hav+ "s fanci$ resemblance1 9 %ape & col\r1 to a beetle4 ,^! se$s are us$ 9 ,*9a & ,japan z food4 ,!y are made into a k9d ( jelly or curd1 :i* is e/eem$ v nutriti\s1 & :i* is r5d]$ palatable by season+ ( diff]5t k9ds4 ,! liquid :i* we "k by ! "n ( soy is ?us prep>$3--,aft] ! se$s h be5 boil$ until !y become s(t1 !y are mix$ ) an equal weight ( :eat or b>ley meal1 co>sely gr\nd4 ,?is mixture is f]m5t$2 & a c]ta9 proportion ( salt & wat] be+ add$1 ! :ole is all[$ to /& = two or ?ree mon?s1 c>e be+ tak5 to /ir x e day2 &1 by ! end ( t "t1 x is ready = use4 ,soy is *iefly prep>$ 9 ,*9a & ,japan2 b t import$ f ,japan is consid]$ pref]able to any o!r4 ,! quantity annually v5d$ at ! ,ea/ ,india ,company's sales is f eight hundr$ to two ?\s& gallons1 at an av]age price ( sixte5 or eighte5 %ill+s p] gallon4 #aih4 ,,beans 7,vicia faba7 are well-kn[n se$s1 orig9ally introduc$ f ,p]sia1 ( :i* !re are sev]al k9ds or v>ieties2 "s ( ^! are cultivat$ 9 fields1 & o!rs 9 g>d5s4 ,field1 or horse-beans1 z !y are frequ5tly call$1 are small & some:at r\nd4 ,! cultivation ( !m is pursu$ to a consid]able ext5t4 ,!y are e/eem$1 9 _m respects1 an advantage\s crop to ! f>m]1 & w ?rive on any l& :]e ! soil is suffici5tly /iff4 ,!y are usually s[n 9 ! mon? ( ,febru>y2 sometimes 9 ! autumn2 b1 9 case ( sev]e fro/1 all ! plants t are n well & deeply cov]$ ) sn[ w p]i%4 ,!re is also mu* unc]ta9ty 9 ! crop1 ow+ to ! /ate ( ! wea!r 9 ! spr+ & summ]2 & p>ticul>ly to ! ravages ( small black insects1 myriads ( :i* are frequ5tly se5 to cr[d ! t5d] tops ( ! plants4 ,! bean-h>ve/ is seldom complet$ till ne>ly ! end ( ,septemb]1 ow+ to ! bulk & succul5ce ( ! plants2 & ! produce is f two & a half to five qu>t]s p] acre4 ,!re are sev]al v>ieties ( field-beans2 b ! f9e & v small ones usually be> ! highe/ price4 ,bean fl\r is n only ?\ght m nutritive1 b is f\nd to be m abundant ?an t ( oats4 ,beans are *iefly appli$ to ! fe$+ ( horses1 hogs1 & o!r dome/ic animals2 & x is suppos$ t meal-m5 (t5 gr9d !m among/ :eat1 ! fl\r ( :i* is to be made into bread4 ,by "s p]sons !y are roa/$1 & adopt$ z a sub/itute = c(fee4 ,) ! ,roman ladies bean-fl\r 0 9 mu* repute z a cosmetic4 ,g>d5-beans are almo/ :olly conf9$ to cul9>y uses4 ,:at are call$ ,fr5*-beans1 & ,kidney-beans1 belong to a diff]5t tribe f ! pres5t4 ,bean /alks1 if subject$ to a c]ta9 process1 are capable ( be+ conv]t$ into pap]4 #aii4 ,,vet*es are a small species ( beans 7,vicia sativa7 :i* gr[ wild 9 dry mead[s1 pa/ures1 & cornfields1 & are also cultivat$ 9 mo/ p>ts ( ,engl&4 ,! pods are g5]ally 9 pairs2 & ! leaves w+$1 hav+ ea* ab\t six pairs ( leaflets1 ) a bran*$ t5dril at ! extremity4 ,at ! bases ( ea* ( ! leaves !re is a small /ipule1 m>k$ ) a d>k spot4 ,! pr9cipal use ( vet*es is z prov5d] = horses & cattle4 ,!y are gr[n s e>ly z to all[ ( be+ f$ (f1 or cut = ?is purpose1 9 suffici5t "t = turnips to be s[n ! same ye>4 ,:5 ! l& is to be prep>$ = a :eat crop x is sometimes cu/om>y to pl\gh 9 ! vet*es z manure4 ,! se$s af=d a grateful food = pigeons4 #bjj4 ,,peas 7,pisum sativum7 are a k9d ( se$s too well kn[n to ne$ any description4 ,!re are sev]al k9ds ( peas1 "s ( :i* are cultivat$ 9 g>d5s1 & o!rs 9 fields4 ,! =m] are pr9cipally us$ = cul9>y purposes4 ,9 ! e>ly "p ( ! ye>1 g>d5]s 9 ! neighb\rhood ( ,london raise !m on hot-b$s4 ,! k9d !y select = ?is purpose are ! dw>f peas4 ,^! are s[n ab\t ! middle ( ,octob] 9 w>m bord]s2 & aft]w>ds1 t[>ds ! end ( ,janu>y1 !y are remov$ into ! hot-b$s4 ,! inducem5t1 ( c\rse1 is ! enorm\s prices t are paid = ! e>lie/ peas br\ght into ! m>ket4 ,! podd+ or pick+ ( gre5 peas = ! ,london m>ket is also a valuable bran* ( ! bus9ess ( "s f>ms )9 a few miles ( ! metropolis4 ,_m attempts h be5 made to pres]ve gre5 peas = use 9 w9t]2 "o ( ^! is by bottl+ !m1 & ano!r by dry+ !m 9 an ov51 & aft]w>ds keep+ !m 9 pap] bags2 b none ( ! modes h be5 att5d$ ) complete success4 ,field peas are s[n ab\t ,m>* or ,april1 & succe$ be/ 9 light1 ri* soils4 ,!y are g5]ally consid]$ an unc]ta9 crop2 b ?is is ow+1 9 a great degree1 to want ( due att5tion to _! culture4 ,9 common ) mo/ o!r se$s ( ?is class1 peas yield a nutritive food to p]sons ( /rong /oma*s4 ,:5 boil$ 9 a fre% or gre5 /ate1 !y are bo? :olesome & agreeable2 &1 :5 ripe & gr\nd into meal1 !y are peculi>ly s]viceable = ! fatt5+ ( sw9e4 ,! fl\r ( peas is n unfrequ5tly mix$ by bak]s among/ t ( :eat = bread2 b bread made ( ?is fl\r alone is heavy & un:olesome4 ,?ree p>ts ( rye-fl\r & "o ( gr\nd peas are said to yield a palatable & n\ri%+ bread4 ,peas t are fre$ f _! husks1 & split 9 mills con/ruct$ = ! purpose1 are us$ = s\p4 ,! haulm or /raw ( field peas1 if sav$ 9 fav\rable seasons1 af=ds n only an excell5t fodd] = work+ horses1 b is also an useful food = horses1 cattle1 & %eep4 ,x has be5 presum$ t ! ev]la/+ pea1 :i* is commonly gr[n z an ornam5tal fl[] 9 our g>d5s1 w\ld be an advantage\s gre5 food = horses & cattle4 #bja4 ,,liquorice is ! root ( a p]5nial plant 7,glycyrrhiza glabra71 ) w+$ leaves1 & purpli% butt]fly-%ap$ fl[]s1 :i* gr[s wild 9 ! s\? ( ,europe1 & is cultivat$ ne> ,pontefract 9 ,york%ire1 ,worksop 9 ,nott+ham%ire1 & ,godalm+ 9 ,surrey1 & by _m g>d5]s 9 ! vic9ity ( ,london4 ,! /alks ( ! liquorice-plant are usually f\r or five feet high4 ,! leaves are w+$1 & ! leaflets egg-%ap$1 ) an odd "o at ! extremity4 ,! fl[]s gr[ 9 long spikes f ! junction ( ! leaves & bran*es4 ,! roots are long1 r\nd1 t\gh1 ( br[n col\r ext]nally1 & yell[ )94 ,! pr9cipal use ( liquorice is 9 m$ic9e4 ,x conta9s mu* sac*>9e matt]1 jo9$ ) "s portion ( mucilage2 & is "o ( ! few sweet sub/ances :i* t5d to allay ?ir/4 ,liquorice is an excell5t m$ic9e 9 c\ghs & ho>s5esses4 ,:5 boil$ 9 a little wat]1 x gives out ne>ly all its sweetness2 & ?is1 :5 ! moi/ure is evaporat$1 produces1 by diff]5t processes1 :at are call$ ,spani% liquorice1 liquorice cakes1 liquorice loz5ges1 & ,pontefract cakes4 ,! =m] ( ^! is us$ to great ext5t 9 ! brew+ ( port]4 ,x is said t m ?an two hundr$ tons' weight ( x are annually manufactur$ 9 ,spa91 a consid]able portion ( :i* is sold to ! ,london brew]s = ?is purpose4 ,liquorice p[d]1 :i* is us$ 9 m$ic9e1 is (t5 adult]at$ ) fl\r1 & probably also ) less :olesome articles4 ,! root itself may be employ$ z /opples = be] or w9e bottles4 ,! soil 9 :i* liquorice is cultivat$ %\ld be deep1 light1 & s&y2 & ! roots1 :i* /rike deeply into ! gr\nd1 %\ld be plant$ 9 r[s1 at ! di/ance ( a foot & half or two feet f ea* o!r4 ,?ree ye>s elapse1 aft] ! roots are plant$1 be=e ! liquorice is 9 p]fection4 #bjb4 ,,sa9t-,,fo9 7,h$ys>um onobry*is7 is a ,briti% p]5nial plant ) w+$ leaves1 some:at pyramidal bun*es ( butt]fly-%ap$ fl[]s1 m>k$ ) r$1 :ite1 & purple2 & oblong1 hairy pods1 ea* conta9+ a s+le se$4 ,?is plant is cultivat$ 9 sev]al ( ! f>m+ di/ricts ( ,engl&1 z food = horses & cattle2 & x succe$s be/ on dry & *alky l&s1 9 high & expos$ situations4 ,! se$ %\ld be s[n 9 ,febru>y or ,m>*1 &1 dur+ ! fir/ ye>1 ! plants %\ld rema9 unt\*$4 ,9 ! ensu+ summ] a crop ( hay may be obta9$ f !m2 & aft] ?is ! sa9t-fo9 may regul>ly be m[n twice e ye>1 = t5 or fifte5 ye>s4 ,:5 int5d$ = hay1 sa9t-fo9 %\ld n be cut be=e x is 9 full bloom1 ab\t ! beg9n+ ( ,july1 z o!rwise ! quality ( ! hay w\ld be mu* injur$4 ,"s f>m]s ass]t t sa9t-fo91 :5 c[s are f$ ) x1 bo? increases ! quantity & improves ! quality ( _! milk2 b1 9 ! op9ion ( o!rs1 ! quality is r injur$ ?an improv$ by x4 ,no pa/ure is consid]$ m excell5t = %eep ?an ?is4 ,sa9t-fo9 is also sometimes s[n ) clov]1 & sometimes ) b>ley4 #bjc4 ,,common ,,r$ or ,,broad ,,clov] 7,trifolium prat5se7 is a well-kn[n field plant1 mu* cultivat$ 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,clov] is *iefly gr[n 9 firm & good soils1 ei!r z gre5 food = horses & cattle1 or to be cut = hay4 ,on grass f>ms x is sometimes s[n 9 conjunction ) spr+ corn1 & sometimes ) ray-grass 7#ea72 & its utility 9 ! fatt5+ ( cattle is well kn[n4 ,?is species ( clov] gr[s wild1 9 mead[s & pa/ures ( mo/ p>ts ( ,europe2 &1 9 "s c\ntries1 dur+ a sc>city ( provisions1 ! fl[]s h be5 made into a k9d ( bread4 ,9 ,sw$5 ! heads are us$ z a gre5 dye4 #bjd4 ,,luc]n 7,m$icago sativa7 is a p]5nial plant ) small purple butt]fly-%ap$ fl[]s1 twi/$ pods1 ! /em erect & smoo?1 & ! leaves 9 ?rees4 ,al?\gh a wild plant 9 ne>ly e c\ntry ( ! temp]ate p>ts ( ,europe1 ?is useful vegetable has only ( late ye>s be5 introduc$ into cultivation4 ,x fl\ri%es mo/ luxuriantly 9 deep1 ri*1 & friable loams1 & _c be too /rongly recomm5d$ z food = cattle4 ,! value ( luc]n may be consid]ably increas$ by s[+ x ) oats2 &1 ?\gh an exp5sive crop1 x yields great pr(it4 #bje4 ,,indigo is a blue dye prep>$ f a plant 7,indig(]a t9ctoria7 ) a %rubby /em1 oblong1 smoo?1 & w+$ leaves1 bun*es ( fl[]s %ort] ?an ! leaves1 & cyl9drical pods slightly curv$1 :i* gr[s 9 ,am]ica & ! ,we/ ,indies4 ,! culture ( indigo is an object ( consid]able importance 9 ! ,we/ ,indian isl&s1 & 9 "s p>ts ( ,am]ica4 ,! gr\nds appropriat$ to x are s[n ab\t ! middle ( ,m>*1 9 r[s fifte5 in*es asund]4 ,! plants come into fl[] ab\t ?ree mon?s aft]w>ds1 & are 9 a /ate to be cut ab\t ! mon? ( ,augu/4 ,!y are cut ) a k9d ( reap+ hook1 a few in*es above ! root4 ,! plants are !n laid 9 /rata1 9 a vat or ci/]n con/ruct$ ( /rong mason-"w1 & s mu* wat] is p\r$ 9 z w cov] !m4 ,9 ?is /ate !y are left to f]m5t1 & ! fluid or pulp1 :i* is fir/ gre51 aft]w>ds becomes ( deep blue col\r4 ,x is n[ drawn (f into ano!r vat1 :]e x is /rongly & incessantly beat5 & agitat$1 until ! col\r+ matt] is unit$ into a body4 ,! wat] is !n let (f by cocks 9 ! sides ( ! vat2 & ! indigo1 aft] und]go+ "s fur!r prep>ations1 is ca/1 9 boxes or m\lds1 into small pieces1 ea* ab\t an in* squ>e1 & pack$ up = sale4 ,! vap\r :i* issues f ! f]m5t$ liquor is extremely injuri\s to ! negroes :o att5d ! process2 & z peculi> att5tion is requisite bo? to ?is & ! granulat+ ( ! pulp1 _m indigo-plant]s h fail$ 9 ! manufacture ( ?is article4 ,indigo is employ$ by dy]s1 calico-pr9t]s1 & pap]-/a9]s1 to an ext5t s great t ne>ly #ejj1jjj p\nds' weight ( x are annually import$ into ?is k+dom4 ,! /one-blue us$ by laundresses1 & ! col\rs call$ ,saxon-blue1 & gre51 are made f indigo4 ,pa9t]s use x z a wat]-col\r4 ,?is article is frequ5tly adult]at$ ) e>?1 a%es1 & p\nd$ slate4 ,! g5u9e drug ought to be ( ri*1 d>k blue col\r1 approa*+ to black2 &1 :5 brok51 %\ld display ! lu/re ( copp]4 ,x ought n to s9k 9 wat]1 nor to leave any s$im5t :5 dissolv$4 ---- ,,class ,,xviii4--,,polyadelphia4 ---- ,,dec&ria4 #bjf4 ,,*ocolate is a k9d ( cake or h>d pa/e1 sometimes made ( diff]5t +r$i5ts1 b ! basis ( :i* is ! pulp ( ! cacao or *ocolate nut1 a produce ( ! ,we/ ,indies & ,am]ica4 ,! *ocolate tree 7,!obroma cacao1 ,fig4 #ed17 bo? 9 size & %ape1 some:at resembles a "y *]ry tree1 b x sep>ates ne> ! gr\nd into f\r or five /ems4 ,! leaves are ea* ab\t f\r in*es 9 l5g?1 smoo? b n glossy1 & ( dull gre5 col\r4 ,! fl[]s are saffron-col\r$1 & v beautiful4 ,! fruit ( ! *ocolate-tree some:at resembles a cucumb] 9 %ape1 b is furr[$ deep] on ! sides4 ,its col\r1 :ile gr[+1 is gre52 b1 z x rip5s1 ?is *anges to a f9e blui% r$1 almo/ purple1 ) p9k ve9s2 or1 9 "s ( ! v>ieties1 to a delicate yell[ or lemon col\r4 ,ea* ( ! pods conta9s f tw5ty to ?irty nuts or k]nels1 :i* 9 %ape are n mu* unlike almonds4 ,^! are arrang$ 9 r[s1 surr\nd$ by a sweet pulpy sub/ance1 & are call$ cacao or *ocolate-nuts4 ,plantations ( *ocolate trees are num]\s on ! banks ( ! riv] ,magdelana1 9 ,s\? ,am]ica1 & 9 ! ,c>accas2 b1 at pres5t1 !re are v few 9 our own colonies4 ,!y are usually =m$ 9 morassy situations2 & are %elt]$ f ! int5se heat ( ! sun by l>g] trees :i* are plant$ among !m4 ,!re are two pr9cipal crops ( *ocolate-nuts 9 ! ye>2 ! fir/ 9 ,june1 & ! second 9 ,decemb]4 ,z soon z ! fruit is ripe1 x is ga!r$1 & cut into slices2 & ! nuts1 :i* at ?is "t are 9 a pulpy /ate1 are tak5 out ) ! h&2 = ! ?9ness ( _! husk precludes ! possibility ( us+ a ma*9e4 ,!y are !n laid 9 sk9s1 or on leaves1 to be dri$ 9 ! sun4 ,!y h n[ a sweeti% acid ta/e1 & may be eat5 l any o!r fruit4 ,:5 p]fectly dry !y are put into bags1 ea* conta9+ ab\t a hundr$ weight2 &1 ?us pack$1 are export$ to =eign c\ntries4 ,previ\sly to ! prep>ation ( ^! nuts into ! sub/ance :i* we call *ocolate1 !y are g5tly roa/$1 or p>*$ ov] ! fire1 9 an iron vessel1 aft] :i* process _! ?9 ext]nal cov]+ is easily sep>at$4 ,! k]nel is !n p\nd$ 9 a mort>1 & subsequ5tly gr\nd on a smoo? w>m /one4 ,sometimes a little arnatto 7#agc7 is add$2 &1 ) ! aid ( wat]1 ! :ole is =m$ into a pa/e4 ,?is1 :il/ hot1 is put into t9 m\lds1 :]e 9 a %ort "t x congeals2 & 9 ?is /ate x is ! *ocolate ( ! %ops4 ,9 ,s\? ,am]ica & ,spa9 o!r modes are adopt$2 ! *ocolate is mix$ ) sug>1 long pepp] 7#ba71 vanilla1 c9namon1 cloves1 almonds1 & o!r +r$i5ts1 accord+ to ! ta/e ( ! respective inhabitants4 ,mr4 ,edw>ds 0 ( op9ion1 t ! cakes ( *ocolate us$ 9 ,engl& 7 made ( ab\t "o half g5u9e *ocolate1 & ! rema9d] ( fl\r1 or ,ca/ile soap4 ,*ocolate 0 fir/ introduc$ into ,europe by ! ,spani>ds1 & t f ! ,c>accas is consid]$ ! be/4 ,x %\ld be us$ :il/ new1 z nei!r ! se$s nor ! cakes w keep well m ?an two ye>s4 ,! *ocolate us$ 9 ?is c\ntry mu/ be manufactur$ 9 ,engl&1 =1 by an ,act ( ! legislature1 ! importation ( *ocolate pa/e is prohibit$1 "u heavy p5alties4 ,! mode 9 :i* ?is sub/ance is imm$iately prep>$ = use is well kn[n4 ,by ! natives ( ,s\? ,am]ica *ocolate nuts are us$ = food1 & also z a circulat+ m$ium in/ead ( co93 ab\t #abjj ( !m be+ consid]$ equal 9 value to a doll>4 ,a :ite oily matt]1 ab\t ! consi/5ce ( suet1 is obta9$ by bruis+ ^! nuts1 & boil+ ! pulp4 ,! oil is by ?is means liquefi$1 & rises to ! surface1 :]e x is left to cool & congeal1 t x may ! m easily be sep>at$4 ,?is1 :i* is call$ butt] ( cacao1 is )\t smell1 &1 :5 fre%1 has a v mild ta/e4 ,its pr9cipal use is z an +r$i5t 9 pomatums4 ,f ! nuts1 :5 slightly roa/$1 an oil is sometimes obta9$ by pressure1 :i* is occasionally us$ 9 m$ic9e4 ,,icos&ria4 #bjg4 ,! ,,citron1 ,,lime1 & ,,lemon1 are diff]5t v>ieties ( ! fruit ( a small ev]gre5 %rub1 ! orig9al or p>5t /ock ( :i* 7,citrus m$ica7 0 import$ f ,asia into ! s\!rn p>ts ( ,europe4 ,! citron is oblong1 ) a v ?ick r9d2 ! lemon is oblong ) a small lump or protub]ance at ! end2 & ! lime has no protub]ance1 has a v ?9 r9d1 & is ab\t ! size ( a small egg4 ,^! are ! pr9cipal m>ks ( discrim9ation betwixt ^! fruits1 b !y are n q con/ant4 ,! lemon %rub 7,fig4 #ef7 has l>ge & slightly ind5t$ %9+ leaves1 ( some:at oval %ape1 b po9t$2 & on ! foot/alks ( ! leaves !re is no rem>kable app5dage4 ,! fl[]s are l>ge & :ite1 b purpli% on ! outside ( ! petals4 ,x is g5]ally suppos$ t ! citron-tree 0 fir/ introduc$ f ,assyria & ,m$ia into ,greece1 & !nce into ! ,s\!rn p>ts ( ,europe1 :]e x is n[ cultivat$ to consid]able ext5t4 ,x is also gr[n 9 ! isl&s ( ! ,we/ ,indies4 ,! fruit1 p>tak+ ( ! same quality z ! lemon1 ) ! exception ( be+ some:at less acid1 is seldom eat5 raw2 b1 pres]v$ 9 sug> z a sweetmeat1 x is mu* us$ by confection]s & o!rs4 ,! pr9cipal consumption ( citron is on ! ,cont95t1 :]e x is also occasionally employ$ 9 m$ic9e4 ,! lemon-tree is a native ( ,upp] ,asia1 :5ce1 l ! citron1 x 0 br\ght into ,greece1 & aft]w>ds transplant$ into ,italy4 ,! juice1 :i* is "o ( ! %>pe/ & mo/ agreeable ( all acids1 is us$ 9 cook]y1 confection>y1 m$ic9e1 & 9 v>i\s o!r ways4 ,by calico-pr9t]s x is v ext5sively employ$1 z a dis*>g] ( col\r1 to produce1 ) m cle>ness & effect1 ! :ite figur$ p>ts ( col\r$ patt]ns t are dy$ ) col\rs =m$ f iron4 ,its juice is procur$ by simply squeez+ ! fruit1 & /ra9+ x ?r\gh l95 or any loose filt]2 & 9 ,sicily1 & o!r p>ts ( ! ,m$it]ranean1 x =ms an important article ( comm]ce4 ,be+ "o ( ! mo/ valuable rem$ies = ! scurvy1 ) :i* we are acqua9t$1 x g5]ally con/itutes "p ( ! sea /ore ( %ips t are de/9$ = long voyages4 ,sev]al modes h be5 recomm5d$ = pres]v+ lemon juice4 ,"o ( ^! is to put x into bottles1 ) a small quantity ( oil1 :i*1 float+ on ! surface1 prev5ts ! imm$iate contact ( ! air1 & ret>ds ! decomposition ( ! acid2 ?\gh1 9 ?is case1 ! orig9al fre% ta/e soon gives place to "o :i* is less grateful4 ,9 ! ,ea/ ,indies lemon juice is sometimes evaporat$1 by a g5tle heat1 to ! consi/5ce ( a ?ick extract4 ,sometimes x is cry/alliz$ into a :ite & acid salt2 b :at is sold 9 ! %ops1 "u ! "n ( ess5tial salt ( lemons1 = tak+ out ink-/a9s & iron-m\ld spots f l951 is only a prep>ation f ! juice ( sorrel4 ,! ext]nal "p ( ! r9d has a grateful aromatic & bitt] ta/e1 :i* r5d]s x useful 9 cook]y4 ,:5 dri$ x is consid]$ a good /oma*ic1 promotes ! appetite1 & is o!rwise s]viceable z a m$ic9e4 ,x is (t5 c&i$ & made into a sweetmeat1 "u ! "n ( lemon *ips4 ,:5 di/ill$ x yields a light & almo/ col\rless oil1 :i*1 9 smell1 is ne>ly z agreeable z ! fre% peel1 & is frequ5tly employ$ z a p]fume4 ,lemons are sometimes pres]v$ 9 syrup4 ,small ones ) ?ick r9ds are conv]t$ into a grateful pickle2 & a m>malade & syrup are also made ( !m4 ,= ! purpose ( keep+ ! fruit1 x is recomm5d$ t a f9e pack?read ab\t a qu>t] ( a y>d long1 %\ld be run ?r\gh ! protub]ance at ! end ( ! lemons3 ! ends ( ! /r+ are to be ti$ toge!r1 & susp5d$ on a hook 9 an airy situation1 & 9 su* mann] t ea* lemon may hang p]fectly free & deta*$4 ,! cultivation ( ! lime is mu* att5d$ to 9 sev]al p>ts ( ,nor? ,am]ica & ! ,we/ ,indies4 ,its juice af=ds a m grateful acid ?an t ( ! lemon1 :i* is !re 9 little repute1 & is1 comp>atively1 b seldom se54 ,a plate ( limes is said to be a con/ant di% at ent]ta9m5ts 9 ! ,we/ ,indies2 & ! juice is us$ = all ! same purposes z t ( lemons is ) u4 #bjh4 ,,orange 7,citrus aurantium1 ,fig4 #ee74 ,! diff]5ce betwixt orange & lemon-trees is imm$iately kn[n by ! =m] hav+ a k9d ( w+$ app5dage on ! leaf/alks1 ( :i* ! latt] are de/itute4 ,we are in=m$ t ! fir/ orange-tree introduc$ into ,europe 0 s5t z a pres5t1 f "s "p ( ,asia1 to ! ,conde ,mellor1 prime m9i/] ( ! ,k+ ( ,portugal4 ,x 0 ! only "o ( a great numb] :i* 7 conta9$ 9 ! same *e/ t surviv$2 & x became ! p>5t /ock ( multitudes ( subsequ5t trees4 ,! delightful p]fume ( an orange grove is su* z to sc5t ! air = miles1 & ! fl[]s appe> 9 succession dur+ ! :ole summ]2 & fl[]s & ripe fruit are f\nd on ! same tree4 ,orange fl[]s are valu$ z a p]fume1 & yield _! flav\r to rectifi$ spirits2 &1 9 di/illation1 bo? to spirits & wat]4 ,9 ,portugal & ,italy a fragrant r$-col\r$ oil is obta9$ f !m1 :i*1 by "s p]sons1 is consid]$ ( m delicate & agreeable p]fume ?an ev5 ott> ( roses4 ,! juice ( ! orange1 :5 ripe & ( good k9d1 is extremely sweet1 grateful1 & :olesome4 ,9 fev]s1 & o!r compla9ts1 x is ( consid]able use = allay+ heat & qu5*+ ?ir/2 &1 9 scurvy1 x has be5 f\nd a v valuable rem$y4 ,! r9d1 :i* yields a grateful aromatic bitt]1 is sometimes us$ 9 m$ic9e1 &1 9 p>ticul>1 has obta9$ notice = ! cure ( int]mitt5t fev]s or agues4 ,x is frequ5tly pres]v$ 9 syrup1 & also 9 sug>1 "u ! "n ( pres]v$ orange-peel1 & orange-*ips2 & is mu* e/eem$ 9 dess]ts4 ,9 cook]y & by confection]s1 oranges are us$ 9 num]\s ways2 = m>malade1 9 biscuits1 *eesecakes1 jelly1 pudd+s1 & t>ts2 & an agreeable w9e is prep>$ f oranges1 ) wat]1 sug>1 & "s o!r +r$i5ts4 ,seville1 or bitt] oranges are a l>ge1 d>k-col\r$1 & r\gh-sk9n$ v>iety ( ! common species4 ,^! are mu* us$ 9 m$ic9e & cook]y4 ,b]gamot is a well-kn[n p]fume1 obta9$ f ! r9d ( a v>iety ( orange mu* cultivat$ ne> ! t[n ( ,b]gamo 9 ,italy1 :5ce x has obta9$ its "n4 ,! r9d is cut into small pieces1 & ! oil is press$ out into glass vessels4 ,sometimes a fragrant wat] is di/ill$ f ! peel4 #bji4 ,! ,,%addock 7,citrus decumana7 is a yell[i% gre5 fruit1 ( ! orange k9d1 z l>ge z ! head ( a *ild1 ) twelve or m cells1 & conta9s a r$ or :iti% pulp4 ,x is v common 9 _m p>ts bo? ( ! ,ea/ & ,we/ ,indies4 ,9 hot climates ! %addock is mu* e/eem$ on acc\nt ( its agreeable flav\r1 :i* is a pleasant mixture ( sweet & acid4 ,x is safely eat51 ev5 9 consid]able quantities1 & is e/eem$ v salubri\s4 ,! r9d is ?ick1 & has a disagreeable bitt]i% ta/e4 ,?is fruit is indebt$1 = its "n1 to a ,capta9 ,%addock1 :o is said to h fir/ br\ght x f ,*9a1 or1 z "s say1 f ,gu9ea1 & transplant$ x into "o ( ! ,we/ ,indian isl&s4 #baj4 ,,cajeput is a gre5i% col\r$ oil produc$ f ! fruit ( a tree 7,melaleuca leucod5dron7 :i* gr[s 9 ! ,ea/ ,indies4 ,?is tree has a long flexible trunk2 ) l9e> spe>-%ap$1 alt]nate leaves1 :i* are smoo?1 a%-col\r$1 & ea* ) five n]ves4 ,! fl[]s are :ite1 & 9 long1 t]m9al spikes4 ,! leaves ( ! cajeput tree h an aromatic od\r1 some:at resembl+ t ( c>damom se$ 7#ae72 & !y yield1 by di/illation1 an ess5tial oil1 :i* manife/s ?is aromatic pr9ciple /ill m /rongly4 ,among ! ,malays cajeput oil is a m$ic9e 9 great repute2 b its uses are s little kn[n 9 ?is c\ntry t x is r>ely kept ev5 9 ! %ops ( ! metropolis4 ,9 acute rheumatism & g\t1 h[ev]1 x has be5 kn[n to af=d imm$iate relief by be+ rubb$ on ! "p affect$2 b x ought n to be appli$ )\t great c>e1 z x is v p[]ful 9 its effects4 ,cajeput oil is "o ( ! mo/ valuable rem$ies :i* h hi!rto be5 discov]$ = ! too?a*e4 ,f :atev] cause ?is affection ( ! face may proce$1 :e!r f a c>i\s or holl[ too?1 rheumatic acrimony1 or cold1 ?is oil has g5]ally be5 f\nd efficaci\s 9 remov+ x4 ,x is be/ appli$ by be+ dropp$ on l9t1 & plac$ 9 ! cavity ( ! too?1 or r\nd ! gum4 ,h5ce x des]ves a place 9 ! m$ic9e *e/ ( e private family4 ,if tak5 int]nally1 9 a dose ( five or six drops1 x heats & /imulates ! :ole sy/em2 & x is said to h _h a b5eficial effect 9 dropsies & int]mitt5t fev]s4 ,9 ,india x is us$1 bo? int]nally & ext]nally1 9 palsies1 deafness1 g\t1 rheumatism1 & sev]al o!r compla9ts4 ,its od\r is rem>kably de/ructive to insects4 ,a few drops ( x1 9 a cab9et or draw] 9 :i* animal or vegetable specim5s ( natural hi/ory are kept1 9 a dri$ /ate1 h1 on ?is acc\nt1 be5 f\nd useful4 ,cajeput oil is *iefly prep>$ 9 ! isl& ( ,b\ro1 "o ( ! ,moluccas2 & x is import$ into ,europe f ! ,ea/ ,indies4 ,b1 f its high price1 x is s frequ5tly adult]at$1 t x is seldom to be _h g5u9e 9 ,europe4 ---- ,,class ,,xix4--,,syng5esia4 ---- ,,qualis4 #baa4 ,! ,,arti*oke 7,cyn>a scolymus7 is a well-kn[n plant :i* is gr[n *iefly = cul9>y purposes1 & 0 orig9ally import$ into ?is c\ntry f ! s\? ( ,europe4 ,?is plant 0 cultivat$ ) u z e>ly z ! ye> #aehj4 ,! p>ts t are eat5 are ! receptacle ( ! fl[]1 :i* is call$ ! bottom1 & a fle%y sub/ance on ea* ( ! scales ( ! calyx4 ,! *oke consi/s ( ! unop5$ florets1 & ! bri/les t sep>ate !m f ea* o!r3 ^! /& ^u ! receptacle1 & mu/ be cle>$ away be=e ! bottom c be eat54 ,its "n has d\btless be5 obta9$ f a notion t any "o unlucky en\gh to get x into 8 ?roat mu/ c]ta9ly be *ok$4 ,) u arti*okes are g5]ally pla9 boil$1 & eat5 ) melt$ butt] & pepp]2 & !y are consid]$ bo? :olesome & nutriti\s4 ,! bottoms are sometimes /ew$1 boil$ 9 milk1 or add$ to rag\ts1 ,fr5* pies1 & o!r highly-season$ di%es4 ,= w9t] use !y may be sl[ly dri$ 9 an ov51 & kept 9 pap] bags 9 a dry place4 ,on ! ,cont95t arti*okes are frequ5tly eat5 raw1 ) salt & pepp]4 ,by ! c\ntry p ( ,france ! fl[]s ( ! arti*oke are sometimes us$ to coagulate milk1 = ! purpose ( mak+ *eese4 ,! leaves & /alks conta9 a bitt] juice1 :i*1 mix$ ) an equal portion ( :ite w9e1 has be5 successfully employ$ 9 ! cure ( dropsy1 :5 o!r rem$ies h fail$4 ,! juice1 prep>$ ) bismu?1 imp>ts a p]man5t gold5 yell[ col\r to wool4 #bab4 ,! ,,c>doon 7,cyn>a c>dunculus7 is a species ( arti*oke :i* gr[s wild 9 ! s\? ( ,france1 & has small] fl[]s ?an ! common arti*oke1 & ! scales ( ! calyx t]m9at$ by long1 %>p sp9es4 ,! /ems rise to ! height ( f\r or five feet1 & are upright1 ?ick1 & cottony4 ,! leaves are l>ge & w+$1 & ! fl[]s ( blue col\r4 ,! p>ts ( ! c>doon t are eat5 are n ^? belong+ imm$iately to ! fl[]1 z ( ! arti*oke1 b ! roots1 /alks1 & middle ribs ( ! leaves2 & *iefly ! latt]1 :i* are ?ick & crisp4 ,b1 z all ^! are naturally v bitt]1 ! plants1 previ\sly to be+ us$1 are blan*$1 by be+ ti$ up l lettuces1 ab\t ! mon? ( ,septemb]1 & hav+ e>? ?r[n ^u _! l[] p>ts1 to ! dep? ( eighte5 in*es or two feet4 ,c>doons come into season = ! table ab\t ! end ( ,novemb]2 & are ei!r eat5 alone1 or z a sauce to animal food1 p>ticul>ly to roa/$ meat2 or are introduc$ z a di% 9 ! second c\rse4 ,!y are1 h[ev]1 n s mu* us$ 9 ,engl& z on ! ,cont95t2 & ?is 9 consequ5ce *iefly ( ! tr\ble att5d+ _! cultivation1 & _! prep>ation = ! table1 s z to r5d] !m palatable4 #bac4 ,,lettuce 7,lactuca sativa7 is an escul5t vegetable1 t is cultivat$ 9 ne>ly e kit*5 g>d5 9 ! k+dom4 ,! diff]5t k9ds or v>ieties ( lettuce are extremely num]\s3 b ^? be/ kn[n are ! cos lettuce1 & cabbage lettuce1 ! =m] hav+ upright leaves1 & ! latt] hav+ its leaves fold$ ov] ea* o!r l ^? ( a cabbage4 ,_! culture is v simple4 ,! se$s are s[n at v>i\s seasons ( ! ye>1 t ! plants may be ready1 9 succession1 = ! table4 ,aft] a :ile1 !y are plant$ out f ! se$-b$ into ano!r "p ( ! g>d51 at a c]ta9 di/ance f ea* o!r1 to all[ ( room = _! expansion & gr[?4 ,:5 ! cos lettuces h atta9$ a suffici5t size1 _! leaves are ti$ toge!r ) /r+s ( matt+1 to blan* !m = use4 ,f se$s t are s[n t[>ds ! end ( summ]1 lettuces may1 ) c>e1 be obta9$ 9 p]fection dur+ ! ensu+ w9t] & spr+4 ,lettuces h an od\r some:at resembl+ t ( opium2 & !y also possess some:at simil> n>cotic prop]ties1 :i* reside 9 ! milky juice4 ,! prop]ties ( ?is vegetable z a salad1 if eat5 )\t oil1 are consid]$ to be emolli5t1 cool+1 & :olesome4 #bad4 ,,endive 7,ci*orium endivia7 is a common vegetable 9 kit*5 g>d5s1 hav+ curl$ or crisp$ leaves4 ,we are suppos$ to h be5 orig9ally indebt$ to ! ,ea/ ,indies = ?is useful w9t] salad4 ,x is *iefly cultivat$ 9 ! s\? ( ,engl&2 be+ s[n g5]ally ab\t ,june or ,july1 & aft]w>ds plant$ out1 l lettuce4 ,! *ief excell5ce ( endive consi/s 9 ! :it5ess ( its inn] leaves4 ,x is1 !re=e1 adviseable1 ei!r to cov] ! plants ) fl[]-pots1 or1 :5 full gr[n1 to tie !m loosely toge!r1 = two or ?ree weeks4 ,by s do+1 !y w become p]fectly blan*$2 &1 9 w9t]1 !y may be pres]v$1 ei!r by cov]+ !m ) /raw & mats1 or by putt+ !m 9 s& 9 a dry cell>4 ,! ,fr5* consume a great quantity ( endive at _! tables4 ,!y ei!r eat x raw 9 salads1 boil$ 9 rag\ts1 fri$ ) roa/ meat1 or z a pickle4 ,x is a :olesome vegetable :i* seldom disagrees ) ! /oma*4 ,,sup]flua4 #bae4 ,,camomile 7,an!mis nobilis7 is a well-kn[n plant1 ! dri$ daisy-l fl[]s ( :i* are frequ5tly us$ 9 m$ic9e4 ,! pr9cipal use to :i* camomile fl[]s are appli$ is to excite vomit+1 & promote ! op]ation ( emetics4 ,!y h likewise occasionally be5 sub/itut$ = ,p]uvian b>k1 9 ! case ( int]mitt5t fev]s or agues1 p>ticul>ly on ! ,cont95t1 b n ) mu* success2 & are us$ z a valuable /oma*ic4 ,bo? ! leaves & fl[]s are employ$ 9 fom5tations & p\ltices4 ,!y ea*1 b p>ticul>ly ! fl[]s1 h a p[]ful1 ?\gh n an unpleasant smell1 & a bitt] ta/e4 ,!y are adm9i/]$ 9 sub/ance1 z a p[d] or electu>y1 9 infusion z tea1 9 decoction or extract1 or 9 ! =m ( an ess5tial oil obta9$ by di/illation4 ,s fragrant is ! camomile plant1 t ! places :]e x gr[s wild1 on op5 gravelly commons1 may easily be discov]$ by ! some:at /rawb]ry-l p]fume :i* is emitt$ by tread+ on !m4 ,?is quality alone has sometimes induc$ ! cultivation ( camomile = a gre5 walk 9 g>d5s4 #baf4 ,,t>ragon 7,artemisia dracunculus7 is a h>dy plant ( ! wormwood tribe1 :i* gr[s wild 9 ,india & ! s\!rn p>ts ( ,europe1 & is cultivat$ ) u 9 g>d5s = cul9>y uses4 ,x has a some:at %rubby /em2 smoo?1 spe>-%ap$1 leaves tap]+ at ea* end2 & fl[]s r\ndi%1 erect1 & on foot/alks4 ,?is is a hot & bitt] vegetable1 :i* is sometimes eat5 ) lettuces1 or o!r salad h]bs3 & sometimes us$ z an +r$i5t 9 s\p4 ,its se$s are pung5t2 & may be advantage\sly sub/itut$ = ! m co/ly spices obta9$ f ! ,indies4 ,! ,indians frequ5tly eat ! leaves ( ! t>ragon plant ) bread4 ,! sauce call$ t>ragon v9eg> is made by infus+ = f\rte5 days1 "o p\nd ( ! leaves ( t>ragon1 ga!r$ a %ort "t be=e ! fl[]s appe>1 9 "o gallon ( ! be/ v9eg>3 /ra9+ ?is ?r\gh a flannel bag1 & f9+ x by means ( a little is+lass4 ,a di/ill$ wat] is sometimes prep>$ f ! leaves ( t>ragon4 ,,fru/ranea4 #bag4 ,! ,,j]usalem ,,arti*oke is a some:at potatoe-%ap$ root1 produc$ by a species ( sunfl[] 7,helian?us tub]osus7 :i* gr[s wild 9 sev]al p>ts ( ,s\? ,am]ica4 ,?is plant be>s s+le /alks1 :i* are frequ5tly eight or n9e feet high1 & yell[ fl[]s1 mu* small] ?an ^? ( ! common sunfl[]4 ,s extremely productive are ^! valuable roots1 t betwixt sev5ty & eighty tons' weight ( !m are said to h be5 obta9$1 9 "o season1 f a s+le acre ( gr\nd4 ,!y succe$ 9 almo/ any soil2 &1 :5 once plant$1 w cont9ue to fl\ri% 9 ! same place1 )\t requir+ ei!r mu* manure1 or mu* att5tion to ! culture4 ,! season 9 :i* !y are dug up = use is f ab\t ! middle ( ,septemb] till ,novemb]2 :5 !y are 9 greate/ p]fection4 ,aft] t !y may be pres]v$ 9 s&1 or "u cov]1 = ! w9t]4 ,! roots are g5]ally eat5 pla9 boil$2 b !y are sometimes s]v$ to table ) :ite fricassee-sauce1 & 9 o!r ways4 ,_! flav\r is s ne>ly l t ( ! common arti*oke1 t x is difficult to di/+ui% !m f ea* o!r4 ,we are in=m$ t ,j]usalem arti*okes are a valuable food = hogs & /ore pigs2 & t if wa%$1 cut1 & gr\nd 9 a mill1 simil> to an apple-mill1 !y may also be giv5 to horses4 #bah4 ,! ,,common or ,,annual ,,sunfl[] 7,helian?us annuus7 is a ,p]uvian plant1 ) l>ge yell[ fl[]s1 t is well kn[n 9 our g>d5s4 ,! uses to :i* ?is plant may be appli$ are su* z to r5d] x well des]v+ ( att5tion 9 rural economy4 ,its /alks conta9 a :ite1 %9+1 fibr\s sub/ance1 :i* might be advantage\sly employ$ 9 ! manufacture ( pap]2 & ! woody "p ( !m makes excell5t fuel4 ,its ripe se$s1 :5 subject$ to pressure1 yield a great proportion ( sweet & palatable oil4 ,^! se$s may also be us$ = ! fe$+ ( p\ltry4 ,! receptacles ( ! fl[]s1 x is said1 may be boil$ & eat5 l arti*okes4 ---- ,,class ,,xx4--,,gyn&ria4 ---- ,,di&ria4 #bai4 ,,salep is ! p[d] ( ! dri$ roots ( sev]al well-kn[n field-plants ( ! or*is tribe 7,or*is morio1 ,o4 mascula1 c47 ,z an article ( diet1 salep is suppos$ to conta9 ! l>ge/ portion ( nutrim5t1 9 an equal compass1 ( any kn[n vegetable production3 ev5 arr[ root 7#ag7 is1 9 ?is respect1 inf]ior to x4 ,! or*ises f :i* x is manufactur$ fl\ri% 9 great abundance 9 mead[s & pa/ures ( sev]al p>ts ( ,engl&1 fl[]+ ab\t ! mon?s ( ,may & ,june4 ,z soon z ! fl[]-/alks beg9 to decay1 ! roots %\ld be dug up1 & ! newly-=m$ bulbs1 :i* h !n atta9$ _! p]fect /ate1 %\ld be sep>at$4 ,:5 sev]al roots are collect$1 !y %\ld be wa%$ 9 wat]1 & h _! ext]nal sk9 remov$ by a small bru%1 or by dipp+ !m 9 hot wat]1 & rubb+ !m ) a co>se l95 clo?4 ,! next process is to place !m on a t9 plate1 & put !m into an ov5 = ab\t t5 m9utes1 by :i* "t !y w h lo/ ! milky :it5ess :i* !y be=e possess$1 & w h acquir$ a transp>5cy l horn4 ,!y are !n to be spread 9 a room1 :]e1 9 a few days1 !y w become dry & h>d4 ,al?\gh salep might be procur$ 9 great abundance 9 our own c\ntry1 we import ne>ly ! :ole ( :at we use f ! ,levant1 & g5]ally 9 oval pieces ( yell[i% :ite col\r1 some:at cle> & pellucid1 & ( almo/ horny sub/ance4 ,:5 ^!1 or ! p[d] prep>$ f !m1 are put into boil+ wat]1 !y dissolve into a ?ick mucilage4 ,) ! ,turks1 salep has great celebrity1 on acc\nt ( ! re/orative qualities :i* x is suppos$ to possess4 ,x is mu* recomm5d$ z nutritive food = p]sons recov]+ f illness2 &1 9 p>ticul>1 z a "p ( ! /ores ( e %ip ab\t to sail into di/ant climates4 ,x n only possesses ! prop]ty ( yield+ an invaluable nutrim5t1 &1 9 a great measure1 ( conceal+ ! sal9e ta/e ( sea-wat]1 b is likewise ( ess5tial s]vice aga9/ ! sea-scurvy4 ,:5 x is /at$ t "o ounce ( ?is p[d] & an ounce ( portable s\p1 dissolv$ 9 two qu>ts ( boil+ wat]1 w =m a jelly capable ( af=d+ su/5ance to "o man = a day1 ! utility ( salep w be fur!r se5 z a means ( prev5t+ fam9e at sea = an inf9itely long] "t ?an any o!r food ( equal bulk4 ---- ,,class ,,xxi4--,,monoecia4 ---- ,,mon&ria4 #bbj4 ,! ,,bread ,,fruit is a l>ge globul> b]ry ( pale gre5 col\r1 ab\t ! size ( a *ild's head1 m>k$ on ! surface ) irregul> six-sid$ depressions1 & conta9+ a :ite & some:at fibr\s pulp1 :i*1 :5 ripe1 becomes juicy & yell[4 ,! tree t produces x 7,artoc>pus incisa1 ,fig4 #eg7 gr[s wild 9 ,otaheite & o!r isl&s ( ! ,s\? ,seas1 is ab\t =ty feet high1 has l>ge & spread+ bran*es1 & l>ge bright gre5 leaves1 ea* deeply divid$ into sev5 or n9e spe>-%ap$ lobes4 ,we are in=m$1 9 ,capta9 ,cook's fir/ voyage r\nd ! _w1 t ! edible "p ( ?is fruit lies betwe5 ! sk9 & ! core2 & t x is :ite z sn[1 & some:at ( ! consi/5ce ( new bread4 ,x is g5]ally us$ imm$iately :5 ga!r$2 if x be kept m ?an tw5ty-f\r h\rs x becomes h>d & *okey4 ,! inhabitants ( ! ,s\? ,sea ,isl&s prep>e x z food1 by divid+ ! fruit into ?ree or f\r p>ts1 & roa/+ x 9 hot emb]s4 ,its ta/e is insipid1 ) a slight t>tness1 & some:at resembles t ( ! crumb ( :eat5 bread mix$ ) ,j]usalem arti*oke 7#bag74 ,( ?is fruit ! ,otaheitans make v>i\s messes1 by putt+ to x ei!r wat] or ! milk ( ! cocoa-nut 7#bcc71 !n beat+ x to a pa/e ) a /one pe/le1 & aft]w>ds mix+ x ) ripe planta9s 7#bgj71 bananas 7#bga71 or a s\r pa/e1 made f ! bread fruit itself1 call$ mahi4 ,x cont9ues 9 season eight mon?s ( ! ye>2 & s great is its utility 9 ! isl& ( ,otaheite1 t 7obs]ves ,capta9 ,cook71 if1 9 ^? p>ts :]e x is n spontane\sly produc$1 a man plant b t5 trees 9 8 :ole life-"t1 he w z completely fulfil 8 duty to 8 own & to future g5]ations1 z ! natives ( our less temp]ate climate c d by pl\gh+ 9 ! w9t]'s cold1 & reap+ 9 ! summ]'s heat1 z (t5 z ^! seasons return2 ev5 if1 aft] he has procur$ bread = 8 pres5t h\sehold1 he %\ld conv]t ! surplus into money1 & lay x up = 8 *ildr54 ,n only does ?is tree supply food1 b clo?+1 & num]\s o!r conv5i5ces ( life4 ,! inn] b>k1 :i* is :ite1 & compos$ ( a net-l s]ies ( fibres1 is =m$ into a k9d ( clo?4 ,! wood is s(t1 smoo?1 & ( yell[i% col\r2 & is us$ = ! build+ ( boats & h\ses4 ,9 :atev] "p ! tree is w\nd$1 a glut9\s milky juice issues1 :i*1 :5 boil$ ) cocoa-nut oil 7#bcc71 is employ$ = mak+ bird-lime1 & z a cem5t = fill+ up cracks 9 su* vessels z are int5d$ = hold+ wat]4 ,"s p>ts ( ! fl[]s s]ve z t9d] 9 ! light+ ( fire2 & ! leaves are us$ = wrapp+ up food1 & = o!r purposes4 ,z ! climate ( ! ,s\? ,sea ,isl&s is consid]$ n mu* to diff] f t ( ! ,we/ ,indies1 x 0 7ab\t ?irty ye>s ago7 ?\ght desirable t "s ( ! trees %\ld be transf]r$1 9 a gr[+ /ate1 to our isl&s !re4 ,consequ5tly1 8 ,maje/y's %ip ! ,b\nty1 9 #aghg1 sail$ = ?is purpose to ! ,s\? ,seas1 "u ! comm& ( ,lieut5ant1 aft]w>ds ,admiral ,bligh4 ,b a fatal mut9y ( ! %ip's crew prev5t$ ! accompli%m5t ( ?is b5evol5t design4 ,! comm&] ( ! vessel1 h[ev]1 return$ 9 safety to 8 c\ntry2 & a second exp$ition "u ! same p]son1 & = ! same purpose1 0 fitt$ out 9 ! ye> #agia4 ,capta9 ,bligh arriv$ 9 safety at ,otaheite1 &1 aft] an abs5ce f ,engl& ( ab\t eighte5 mon?s1 l&$ 9 ,jamaica ) #ceb bread fruit-trees1 9 a liv+ /ate1 hav+ left _m o!rs at diff]5t places 9 8 passage ?i!r4 ,f ,jamaica ^! trees 7 transf]r$ to o!r isl&s2 b ! negroes1 hav+ a g5]al & long e/abli%$ pr$ilection = ! planta9 7#bgj71 ! bread fruit is n mu* reli%$ by !m4 ,:]e1 h[ev]1 x has n be5 g5]ally introduc$ z an article ( food1 x is us$ z a delicacy2 & :e!r employ$ z bread1 or 9 ! =m ( pudd+1 x is consid]$ highly palatable by ! ,european inhabitants4 #bba4 ,! ,,jack ,,fruit is a species ( bread fruit t is gr[n 9 ,malab> & o!r p>ts ( ! ,ea/ ,indies4 ,! tree :i* produces ?is fruit 7,artoc>pus integrifolia7 diff]s f ! common bread fruit-tree1 9 hav+ ! leaves entire1 ea* ab\t a span 9 l5g?1 oblong1 blunt1 s]rat$ at ! edges1 bright gre51 & v smoo? on ! upp] surface1 pal] b5ea?1 & clad ) /iff hairs4 ,few ( ! fruits ev5 ( ea/]n climates are s l>ge z ?is4 ,its weight is sometimes upw>ds ( ?irty p\nds2 & x g5]ally conta9s betwixt two & ?ree hundr$ nuts or se$s4 ,^! are ea* ab\t ?ree times z l>ge z an almond1 ( some:at oval %ape1 blunt at "o end1 %>p at ! o!r1 & a little flatt$ on ! sides4 ,"s v>ieties ( ! fruit1 h[ev]1 conta9 no nuts4 ,! season 9 :i* ! jack fruit is 9 p]fection is ab\t ! mon? ( ,decemb]4 ,?\gh e/eem$ by _m p]sons1 x is s difficult ( dige/ion1 t great caution is requisite 9 eat+ x4 ,! unripe fruit is sometimes pickl$2 x is sometimes cut into slices1 & boil$ z a vegetable = ! table2 & sometimes fri$ 9 palm-oil4 ,! nuts are eat5 roa/$1 & ! wood s]ves = build+ mat]ials4 ,,tri&ria4 #bbb4 ,,maize1 or ,,indian ,,corn 7,zea mays1 ,fig4 #eh71 is a species ( gra9 mu* cultivat$ 9 ,am]ica & o!r climates3 ! gra9s are ( yell[ col\r1 some:at %ap$ l flatt5$ peas1 & gr[ closely set r\nd ! upp] "p ( high p]p5dicul> /alks4 ,to ! inhabitants ( _m c\ntries ( w>m climates ! cultivation ( maize is a v important pursuit4 ,^! plants are propagat$ by s[+ ! se$ 9 r[s1 9 ,m>*1 ,april1 or ,may3 !y g5]ally produce two crops 9 ! ye>1 & yield1 accord+ to ! soil1 f fifte5 to =ty bu%els p] acre4 ,z soon z !y are ripe1 ! e>s are ga!r$4 ,!y are %ortly aft]w>ds ?re%$1 & ! gra91 :5 sep>at$1 is spread out to dry 9 ! sun2 =1 if x 7 heap$ toge!r 9 ?is /ate1 x w\ld f]m5t1 & spr\t or gr[4 ,! ,am]ican ,indians p>* ?is k9d ( corn ov] a fire1 9 su* mann] z n to burn x4 ,aft]w>ds !y p\nd x1 sift ! meal & pres]ve x = _! *ief food4 ,!y make x into pudd+s & cakes1 or bread1 ! quality ( :i* is extremely nutritive4 ,maize is useful = p\ltry & cattle ( e k9d2 &1 if conv]t$ into malt1 a :olesome bev]age may be brew$ f x4 ,( ! leafy husk :i* surr\nds ! e> ( ! maize a beautiful k9d ( writ+ pap] is manufactur$ at a pap]-mill ne> ,rim9i 9 ,italy2 & a greyi% pap] may be manufactur$ f ! :ole plant4 ,! /alks are said to af=d an excell5t w9t] food = cattle4 ,:5 ! "y e>s are beg9n+ to =m1 !y h a sweet & agreeable ta/e4 ,if1 9 ?is /ate1 ! leaves be /ripp$ (f1 & ! e>s be subject$ to pressure1 a pleasant & palatable milky juice may be obta9$ f !m4 ,x is suppos$ t maize might1 ) advantage1 be cultivat$ 9 ,engl&4 #bbc4 ,! ,,common ,,cucumb] 7,cucumis sativus1 ,fig4 #ei47 is an oblong1 r\gh1 & cool+ fruit1 :i* is cultivat$ 9 our kit*5 g>d5s1 & is suppos$ to h be5 orig9ally import$ into ?is c\ntry f "s "p ( ! ,levant4 ,cucumb]s are always eat5 be=e !y are ripe1 & usually ) v9eg>1 oil1 pepp]1 & salt4 ,!y are sometimes /ew$2 & :5 "y 7"u ! "n ( g]k9s71 are pickl$ ) v9eg> & spices1 or pres]v$ 9 syrup z a sweetmeat4 ,z ! cucumb] plants are too t5d] to su/a9 ! coldness ( our climate expos$ to ! op5 air1 x is necess>y to s[ ! se$ 9 hot-b$s1 or "u h&-glasses2 ?\gh1 9 ! beg9n+ ( summ]1 ! glasses may1 )\t dang]1 be remov$4 ,! fruit is mu* improv$ by putt+ a piece ( slate or a tile "u ea*1 in/ead ( all[+ x to lie ^u ! nak$ gr\nd4 #bbd4 ,! ,,common ,,melon1 or ,,musk ,,melon1 is a species ( cucumb]1 produc$ by a creep+ h]bace\s plant 7,cucumis melo71 :i* has leaves ) r\nd$ angles1 & gr[s wild 9 ,t>t>y4 ,9 hot climates ?is fruit atta9s great p]fection & a peculi>ly f9e flav\r2 & ev5 9 ,engl&1 :]e x is cultivat$ 9 hot-b$s1 & %elt]$ by glass frames1 x is "o ( ! coole/ & mo/ delici\s summ] fruits t we possess4 ,its size & =m v>y beyond description4 ,sometimes x is smoo?1 & only ?ree or f\r in*es 9 l5g?3 sometimes its :ole surface is rugg$1 or nett$1 & is _m p\nds 9 weight4 ,melons are1 9 col\r1 grey1 yell[i%1 or gre51 ext]nally2 :il/ _! fle% is :ite1 yell[1 r$di%1 or gre54 ,!y are usually eat5 ) sug>2 sometimes ) pepp] or g+]1 & salt2 & sometimes alone4 ,9 ,france1 !y are (t5 eat5 z a sauce to boil$ beef4 ,! small] k9ds are pickl$2 & "o p>ticul> sort ( melons are fill$ ) mu/>d se$s & %r$ g>lic1 & pickl$ "u ! "n ( mangos 7#gc74 ,! propagation ( melons is by se$1 s[n 9 ,febru>y or ,m>*2 & ! cultivation is some:at simil> to t ( ! cucumb]1 b is att5d$ ) consid]ably m tr\ble & exp5se4 #bbe4 ,! ,,pumpk91 or ,,pompion1 is a species ( g\rd :i* gr[s to an enorm\s size1 conta9s sev]al cells1 & num]\s se$s ) tumid m>g9s1 & is produc$ by a creep+ plant1 ) lob$ leaves 7,cucurbita pepo74 ,! %ape ( ! pumpk9 is g5]ally globul>1 or flatt$ at top & bottom1 & ribb$4 ,! r9d is glossy1 & ( yell[ or gre5 col\r4 ,! fle% is firm1 b melt+1 & ! :ole weight is sometimes m ?an ?irty p\nds4 ,! ,g]mans cultivate ?is plant 9 ext5sive fields1 = v>i\s economical purposes1 b p>ticul>ly = ! fe$+ ( sw9e1 & o!r animals4 ,!y cut x into pieces1 & ?r[ x into fi%-ponds1 z food = c>p4 ,little tr\ble is requir$ 9 its culture2 & x w fl\ri% on any tol]able soil1 9 a w>m & %elt]$ situation4 ,! pulp is s]v$ at table 9 v>i\s =ms1 b p>ticul>ly 9 pies1 & z an +r$i5t 9 pudd+s & pancakes4 ,! ,am]icans frequ5tly ga!r pumpk9s :5 half gr[n1 & eat !m boil$ z a sauce to meat4 ,if ! se$s be subject$ to pressure1 !y w yield a proportion ( oil s great z ne>ly to am\nt to _! own weight2 &1 :5 gr\nd ) wat]1 !y af=d a cool+ & nutriti\s k9d ( milk4 #bbf4 ,! ,,bottle ,,g\rd is an ,am]ican fruit ) woody r9d1 & ( v v>i\s %ape1 belong+ to ! same tribe z ! pumpk91 & produc$ by a creep+ plant 7,cucurbita lag5>ia7 ) some:at angul> & d[ny leaves1 ea* hav+ two gl&s at ! base und]nea?4 ,?is fruit is at fir/ gre51 b :5 ripe1 x assumes a dull yell[ col\r2 & ! fle% is spongy & v :ite4 ,its size & %ape are s v>i$1 t x w\ld be impossible to describe !m2 sometimes x has a long sl5d] "p next ! /alk1 l ! neck ( a bottle2 sometimes x is swoll51 & sometimes ( great l5g?1 & ( =m s curv$ z to be %ap$ almo/ l a bugle horn1 or ! musical in/rum5t call$ a s]p5t4 ,s h>d & /rong is ! r9d ( ! bottle-g\rd1 t ?is1 :5 fre$ f ! pulp1 is frequ5tly conv]t$ by ! ,am]icans1 z well z ! inhabitants ( ! ,we/ ,indies1 into dr9k+ cups1 flagons1 bottles1 & o!r dome/ic ut5sils2 b1 on be+ fir/ us$1 x communicates a disagreeable ta/e to ! juices conta9$ 9 x4 ,! pulp1 boil$ ) v9eg>1 is sometimes eat54 #bbg4 ,! ,,wat] ,,melon 7,cucurbita citrullus7 is a r\ndi% or oblong species ( g\rd1 ) ?9 smoo? r9d1 m>k$ ) />-l spots1 ! leaves deeply divid$ into lobes1 & ! fl[]s some:at resembl+ ^? ( ! cucumb]4 ,p]sons :o h visit$ hot climates "k well h[ to appreciate ! grateful coolness & delici\s flav\r ( ! wat] melon1 ! fle% ( :i* is s succul5t t x melts 9 ! m\?2 & ! c5tral pulp ( :i* is fluid1 l t ( ! cocoa-nut1 & may be suck$1 or p\r$ out ?r\gh a hole 9 ! r9d1 & ?us made to af=d a mo/ refre%+ bev]age4 ,to ! inhabitants ( ,egypt1 ,*9a1 ! ,ea/ ,indies1 & o!r c\ntries1 :]e !y are cultivat$ to a great ext5t1 wat] melons are extremely valuable1 bo? z food & physic4 ,!y are all[$ to be eat5 9 fev]s1 & o!r inflammatory compla9ts4 ,_! fle% or pulp is1 9 g5]al1 ( r$di% col\r2 "o k9d1 h[ev]1 call$ by ! ,fr5* pa/que1 has a :iti% gre5 pulp4 ,! latt] are frequ5tly pickl$ 9 v9eg>1 l g]k9s2 & are eat5 9 fricassees1 or bak$ 9 sweet w9e4 ,bo? ^! v>ieties may be gr[n 9 our g>d5s1 "u hot-b$ frames1 9 ! same mann] z cucumb]s4 ,,tetr&ria4 #bbh4 ,! ,,bir* 7,betula alba7 is a =e/-tree1 easily kn[n by ! smoo? appe>ance & silv]y col\r ( its b>k1 by its leaves be+ some:at triangul>1 b acute1 _! smallness 9 comp>ison ) ^? ( o!r timb] trees1 & by ! small bran*es be+ sl5d] & flexible4 ,al?\gh ! bir* is by no means consid]$ a valuable timb] tree1 yet its wood is us$ = num]\s purposes4 ,be+ ( :ite col\r1 & firm & t\gh 9 texture1 x is v>i\sly employ$ by hoop-b5d]s & :eel-wrights4 ,turn]s use x = tr5*]s1 b[ls1 ladles1 & o!r wood5 w>e4 ,ox yokes1 small screws1 wom5's %oe-heels1 patt5s1 &1 9 ,france1 wood5 %oes are made ( x4 ,! ,nor? ,am]ican ,indians use ! wood ( ! bir*-tree = canoes1 boxes1 buckets1 baskets1 kettles1 & di%es1 curi\sly jo9+ x toge!r ) ?reads made ( roots ( ! c$>-tree4 ,bir*-trees are n unfrequ5tly plant$ ) hazels1 = ! purpose ( ! wood be+ conv]t$ into *>coal = =ges4 ,?is *>coal is mu* e/eem$2 & ! soot :i* is =m$ on burn+ ! wood con/itutes a good black sub/ance = pr9t]s' ink4 ,ne>ly all ! o!r p>ts ( ! bir*-tree are applicable to useful purposes4 ,! inhabitants ( ,sw$5 employ ! b>k 9 ! tann+ ( lea!r2 &1 aft] burn+ x to a c]ta9 degree1 !y also use x z a cem5t = brok5 *9a & e>!n w>e4 ,! navigators ( ! riv] ,volga con/ruct ( x portable boats1 cradles1 c4 ,x is s]viceable 9 dye+ a yell[ col\r4 ,9 ,norway x is dri$1 gr\nd1 mix$ ) meal1 & boil$ ) o!r food = sw9e4 ,h\ses or huts1 9 _m p>ts ( ! nor? ( ,europe1 are cov]$ ) ! outw>d & ?ick] "p ( ! b>k1 in/ead ( slates1 or tiles4 ,x is spun into a co>se k9d ( rope1 wov5 into %oes & hats2 &1 9 ,kams*atka1 ev5 made into dr9k+ cups4 ,! ,lapl&]s fa/5 toge!r l>ge pieces ( x z out] g>m5ts to keep (f ! ra94 ,ab\nd+ ) mu* res9\s matt]1 slices ( ! b>k are sometimes twi/$ toge!r to make tor*es4 ,dur+ a sc>city ( corn ! b>k ( ! bir*-tree has1 9 sev]al in/ances1 be5 gr\nd ) bread corn1 & successfully us$ z food by mank9d4 ,9 mo/ p>ts ( ,engl& ! twigs ( ?is tree are made into besoms4 ,!y are also made into ! tops ( fi%+ rods2 &1 :5 sme>$ ) bird-lime 7#ef71 are us$ by bird-cat*]s4 ,! ,norwegians frequ5tly employ !m z fodd] = _! horses4 ,! leaves af=d a yell[ dye4 ,a :olesome w9e is made f ! sap or juice ( ! bir*-tree4 ,! juice is obta9$ by bor+ holes 9 ! trunks ( ! trees1 ab\t ! beg9n+ ( ,m>*1 be=e ! leaves appe>4 ,into ea* ( ^! holes a piece ( eld] /ick1 holl[$ ?r\gh ! middle1 by cle>+ out ! pi?1 is plac$4 ,?is conducts ! juice1 z x fl[s f ! w\nd1 into a vessel put to receive x4 ,if a tree be l>ge1 x may be tapp$ 9 f\r or five places at once2 &1 f sev]al trees1 _m gallons ( juice may be obta9$ 9 a day4 ,! juice ?us procur$ is to be boil$ ) sug>1 9 ! proportion ( f\r p\nds to a gallon1 & treat$ 9 ! same mann] z o!r made w9es4 ,a good _s might no d\bt be obta9$ f ! juice ( ! bir*-tree by di/illation4 #bbi4 ,! ,,ald]1 or ,,owl] 7,betula alnus1 ,fig4 #fc71 is a tree :i* gr[s 9 wet situations1 & is di/+ui%$ by its fl[]-/alks be+ bran*$1 & its leaves be+ r\ndi%1 wav$1 s]rat$1 & d[ny at ! bran*+ ( ! ve9s b5ea?4 ,!re are few means ( bett] employ+ swampy & morassy gr\nds ?an by plant+ !m ) ald]s2 = al?\gh ! gr[? ( ^! trees is n rapid1 ! uses to :i* !y are applicable are su* z amply to repay ! loss ( "t requisite be=e !y come to p]fection4 ,! wood ( ! ald]1 :i* is 9 great dem& = ma*9]y1 is frequ5tly wr\ght into cogs = mill-:eels1 & is peculi>ly adapt$ = all k9ds ( "w :i* are to be con/antly kept 9 wat]4 ,x is consequ5tly us$ = pumps1 sluices1 pipes1 dra9s1 & conduits ( diff]5t description1 & = ! f\ndation ( build+s situat$ 9 swamps4 ,! wat] pipes :i* are laid "u ! /reets ( _m ( our l>ge t[ns are made ( ald]2 &1 = its utility 9 ! =mation ( sluices1 x is mu* cultivat$ 9 ,holl&4 ,x is commonly us$ = bobb9s2 & wom5's %oe-heels1 pl\ghm5's clogs1 & num]\s articles ( turn]y w>e1 are =m$ ( x4 ,?is wood s]ves also = _m dome/ic & rural uses1 = sp9n+-:eels1 tr\ghs1 ! h&les ( tools1 ladd]s1 c>t-:eels2 &1 z coppice wood1 x is plant$ to be cut d[n e n9? or t5? ye>1 = poles4 ,! roots & knots furni% a beautifully ve9$ wood1 ne>ly ( ! col\r ( mahogany2 & well adapt$ = cab9et "w & furniture4 ,! b>k may be advantage\sly us$ 9 ! op]ations ( tann+ & lea!r-dress+2 & by fi%]m51 = /a9+ _! nets4 ,?is1 & ! "y twigs1 are sometimes employ$ 9 dye+1 & yield diff]5t %ades ( yell[ & r$4 ,! ,lapl&]s *ew ! b>k ( ! ald]1 & dye _! lea!r g>m5ts r$ ) ! saliva ?us produc$4 ,) ! addition ( copp]as1 x yields a black dye1 :i* ! dy]s ( cotton use to consid]able ext5t2 &1 = ?is purpose1 x is pur*aseable 9 "s c\ntries1 at ! rate ( sev5 p5ce or eight p5ce p] /one4 ,9 ! highl&s ( ,scotl&1 we are in=m$ t "y bran*es ( ! ald]1 cut d[n 9 ! summ]1 spread ov] ! fields1 & left dur+ ! w9t] to decay1 are f\nd to answ] ! purpose ( manure4 ,! fre% ga!r$ leaves1 be+ cov]$ ) a glut9\s moi/ure1 are said to be sometimes /rew$ ^u floors to de/roy fleas1 :i* become entangl$ 9 x1 z birds are ) bird-lime4 ,b ^! agile & tr\blesome insects mu/ be num]\s inde$ to r5d] ! sett+ ( traps = !m ( any avail t[>ds _! de/ruction4 #bcj4 ,! ,,common ,,nettle4 ,!re are two k9ds ( nettle common 9 ,engl&1 "o ( :i* 7,urtica dioica7 has he>t-%ap$ leaves1 & ! o!r 7,urtica ur5s7 has oval leaves4 ,al?\gh g5]ally consid]$ a noxi\s we$1 ! nettle is a plant ( ext5sive utility4 ,by ! c\ntry p ! "y & t5d] leaves & tops are boil$ = food1 & are eat5 z a sub/itute = gre5s & o!r pot-h]bs4 ,asses eag]ly dev\r ! leaves ( nettles2 & if ^! be boil$1 & mix$ ) o!r food = p\ltry1 !y are said to promote _! lay+ ( eggs4 ,a k9d ( r5net is made 9 ! ,highl&s ( ,scotl&1 by add+ a qu>t ( salt to ?ree p9ts ( a liquor produc$ by ! boil+ ( nettles4 ,a tablespoonful ( ?is is said to be suffici5t to coagulate a b[l ( milk4 ,f ! fibr\s /alks ( ! nettle1 dress$ 9 ! mann] ( flax or hemp1 clo? & pap] may be made4 ,! manufacture ( ^! has be5 pursu$ ) success 9 "s p>ts ( ! ,cont95t2 & 9 our own c\ntry a co>se k9d ( canvass has be5 produc$ f !m4 ,! roots1 :5 boil$1 communicate a yell[ col\r to wooll5 clo?1 l951 & cotton4 ,x mu/ be rem>k$ t ! /+s ( nettles1 :5 exam9$ by a microscope1 are %[n to be extremely curi\s objects4 ,!y consi/ ( a sl5d]1 tap]+1 %>p1 & holl[ sub/ance1 ) a m9ute hole at ! po9t1 & a bag at ! base4 ,:5 ! /+ is press$1 x p]=ates ! sk91 & ! same pressure =ces up f ! bag1 into ! w\nd1 a corrosive liquor1 :i* =ms !re a bli/]1 & excites a burn+ & pa9ful inflammation4 ,if ! nettle be sudd5ly & /rongly grasp$1 ! /+s are b5t or brok51 &1 9 ?is case1 occasion no pa94 ,9 consequ5ce ( _! /++ quality1 nettles h be5 employ$1 ) advantage1 9 re/or+ s5sation to p>alytic limbs1 by :ipp+ !m ) ^! plants4 ,!y 7 =m]ly mu* us$ z a /yptic2 & are said to h be5 f\nd useful 9 jaundice1 scurvy1 g\t1 & o!r compla9ts2 b mo/ ( ! acc\nts t h be5 giv5 ( _! great m$ic9al virtues h n[ little cr$it4 ,! fl[]s & se$s are said to h be5 tri$ 9 ,italy1 & f\nd an efficaci\s sub/itute = ,p]uvian b>k 7#fb7 9 agues & o!r compla9ts4 ,a leaf ( ! nettle put ^u ! tongue1 & !n press$ aga9/ ! ro( ( ! m\?1 is /at$ to be a rem$y = ble$+ at ! nose4 #bca4 ,! ,,mulb]ry-,,tree 7,morus nigra1 ,fig4 #gb7 is a native ( ,italy1 & is kn[n by its he>t-%ap$ & r\gh leaves1 & its l>ge juicy b]ries1 ea* consi/+ ( sev]al small] ones4 ,! fl[]s ( ! mulb]ry appe> 9 ,june1 & ! fruit becomes ripe 9 ,septemb]1 ! b]ries cont9u+ to rip5 9 succession = ab\t two mon?s4 ,^!1 if eat5 be=e !y are ripe1 are a/r+5t2 b1 :5 ripe1 are pleasantly acid1 ?\gh ( v peculi> flav\r4 ,an agreeable syrup1 made f ! juice ( ! ripe fruit1 is kept 9 apo!c>ies' %ops = m$ic9al uses4 ,! juice itself is employ$ to imp>t a d>k t+e to liquors & confections2 &1 :5 prop]ly f]m5t$1 x becomes a pleasant w9e4 ,9 cid] c\nties x is n unusual to mix mulb]ries ) ! apples de/9$ = cid]1 by :i* is made a delici\s bev]age call$ mulb]ry cid]4 ,mulb]ries /a9 ! f+]s1 z well z l951 cotton1 or wooll51 ( a r$ col\r1 :i* is difficult to be extract$2 b :i* may be remov$ by v]juice1 or ! acid ( lemons4 ,9 ,italy1 & o!r c\ntries :]e silkworms are br$1 ! leaves ( ! mulb]ry-tree1 b p>ticul>ly ^? ( ! ,,:ite ,,mulb]ry1 :i* is di/+ui%$ by its hav+ obliquely he>t-%ap$ & smoo? leaves1 are requisite = ! fe$+ ( ^! insects2 & !y are v ext5sively cultivat$ = ?is purpose4 ,! wood is h>d & ( yell[ col\r2 & is appli$ to num]\s uses 9 c>v+ & turn]y4 ,! b>k is s fibr\s t x may be manufactur$ into cordage1 ropes1 & co>se pap]2 & t ( ! root has an acrid & bitt] ta/e1 is p[]ful 9 its effects1 & has be5 successfully us$ z a rem$y aga9/ worms1 p>ticul>ly ! tape-worm4 ,mulb]ry-trees fl\ri% be/ 9 a light & ri* soil1 & 9 op5 situations4 #bcb4 ,! ,,box-,,tree 7,buxus semp]vir5s7 is a %rubby ev]gre5 tree1 twelve or fifte5 feet high1 :i* has small1 oval1 & opposite leaves1 & gr[s wild 9 sev]al p>ts ( ,brita94 ,x has be5 rem>k$ t ?is tree 0 =m]ly s common 9 "s p>ts ( ,engl&1 z to h giv5 "n to sev]al places1 p>ticul>ly to ,box-hill 9 ,surrey1 & ,boxley 9 ,k5t2 &1 9 #ahae1 !re 7 cut d[n at ,box-hill z _m ( ^! trees z 7 sold = upw>ds ( #aj1jjjl41 a circum/ance p]haps unp>allel$ 9 _! hi/ory4 ,! box-tree 0 mu* admir$ by ! anci5t ,romans1 & also by our own ance/ors1 on acc\nt ( its be+ easily clipp$ into ! =m ( animals1 & o!r fanta/ic %apes4 ,9 ! ,s\? ( ,europe x is cultivat$ 9 g>d5s1 & kept 9 fl[]-pots1 ) z mu* att5tion z we be/[ ^u myrtles4 ,! wood is ( yell[i% col\r1 close-gra9$1 v h>d & heavy1 & admits ( a beautiful poli%4 ,on ^! acc\nts x is mu* us$ by turn]s1 by engrav]s on wood1 c>v]s1 & ma!matical in/rum5t mak]s4 ,flutes & o!r w9d in/rum5ts are =m$ ( x2 & furniture made ( box-wood w\ld be valuable 7 x n too heavy1 z x w\ld n only be v beautiful1 b its bitt] quality w\ld secure x f ! attacks ( insects4 ,9 ,france x is mu* 9 dem& = combs1 knife-h&les1 & button-m\lds2 & x has be5 /at$ t ! quantity ( box-wood annually s5t f ,spa9 to ,p>is is alone e/imat$ at ! value ( m ?an #aj1jjj livres4 ,an oil di/ill$ f ! %av+s ( box-wood has be5 f\nd to relieve ! too?-a*e1 & to be useful 9 o!r compla9ts2 & ! p[d]$ leaves de/roy worms4 ,,hex&ria4 #bcc4 ,! ,,cocoa-,,nut is a woody fruit1 produc$ 9 ne>ly all ! c\ntries ( hot climates2 ( oval %ape1 f ?ree or f\r1 to six or eight in*es 9 l5g?1 cov]$ ) a fibr\s husk1 & l9$ int]nally ) a :ite1 firm1 & fle%y k]nel4 ,! tree 7,cocos nucif]a7 :i* produces ! cocoa-nut is a k9d ( palm1 f =ty to sixty feet high4 ,x has1 on its summit only1 a k9d ( leaves1 :i* appe> almo/ l imm5se fea!rs1 ea* f\rte5 or fifte5 feet long1 ?ree feet broad1 & w+$4 ,( ^! ! upp] ones are erect1 ! middle ones horizontal1 & ! l[] ones droop+4 ,! trunk is /raight1 nak$1 & m>k$ ) ! sc>s ( ! fall5 leaves4 ,! nuts hang d[n f ! summit ( ! tree1 9 clu/]s ( a doz5 or m toge!r4 ,! ext]nal r9d ( ! cocoa-nut has a smoo? surface1 & is ( some:at triangul> %ape4 ,?is encloses an extremely fibr\s sub/ance ( consid]able ?ickness1 :i* imm$iately surr\nds ! nut4 ,! latt] has a ?ick & h>d %ell1 ) ?ree holes at ! base1 ea* clos$ by a black membrane4 ,! k]nel l9es ! %ell2 & is sometimes ne>ly an in* 9 ?ickness1 & encloses a consid]able quantity ( wat]y liquid1 ( :iti% col\r1 :i* has ! "n ( milk4 ,food1 clo?+1 & ! means ( %elt] & protection1 are all af=d$ by ! cocoa-nut-tree4 ,! k]nels ( ! nuts1 :i* some:at resemble ! filb]t 9 ta/e1 b are ( mu* firm] consi/5ce1 are us$ z food 9 v>i\s modes ( dress+1 & sometimes are cut into pieces & dri$4 ,:5 press$ 9 a mill1 !y yield an oil1 :i*1 9 "s c\ntries1 is ! only oil us$ at table2 & :i*1 :5 fre%1 is equal 9 quality to t ( almonds4 ,x1 h[ev]1 soon becomes rancid1 &1 9 ?is /ate1 is pr9cipally us$ by pa9t]s4 ,! ,indians prep>e an oil f cocoa-nuts1 by /eep+ ! k]nels 9 wat] till !y putrefy1 & !n boil+ ! pulp4 ,9 ?is op]ation ! oil rises to ! surface1 & is skimm$ (f4 ,?is oil is us$ = ano9t+ ! hair1 9 cook]y1 = burn+ 9 lamps1 & = v>i\s o!r purposes4 ,! milk1 or fluid1 conta9$ 9 ! nuts1 is an exce$+ly cool & agreeable bev]age1 :i*1 :5 good1 some:at resembles ! k]nel 9 flav\r4 ,cocoa-nut-trees fl\ri% be/ 9 a s&y soil1 & fir/ produce fruit :5 six or sev5 ye>s old2 aft] :i* ea* tree yields f fifty to a hundr$ nuts annually4 ,! fibr\s coats or husks :i* envelope ! cocoa-nuts1 aft] !y h be5 soak$ = "s "t 9 wat]1 become s(t4 ,!y are !n beat51 to free !m f ! o!r sub/ances ) :i* !y are int]mix$1 & :i* fall away l saw-du/1 ! /r+y "p only be+ left4 ,?is is spun into long y>ns1 wov5 into sail-clo?1 & twi/$ into ropes & cables1 ev5 = l>ge vessels4 ,! cordage ?us manufactur$ is valuable 9 sev]al respects1 b p>ticul>ly = ! advantages t are d]iv$ f its float+ 9 wat]4 ,! woody %ells ( ! nut are s h>d z to be capable ( receiv+ a high poli%2 & !y are =m$ into dr9k+ cups1 & o!r dome/ic ut5sils1 :i* are sometimes exp5sively m\nt$ 9 silv]4 ,on ! summit ( ! cocoa-nut-tree ! t5d] leaves1 at _! fir/ spr++ up1 are fold$ ov] ea* o!r1 s z some:at to resemble a cabbage4 ,^! are occasionally eat5 9 place ( cul9>y gre5s1 & are a v delici\s food2 b1 z !y c only be obta9$ by ! de/ruction ( ! tree t produces !m1 & :i* dies 9 consequ5ce ( _! be+ remov$1 !y are consid]$ too exp5sive a treat = frequ5t use4 ,! l>g] leaves are employ$ = ! ?at*+ ( build+s1 & are wr\ght into baskets1 brooms1 mats1 sacks1 hammocks1 & _m o!r useful articles4 ,! trunks are made into boats1 & sometimes con/itute timb] = ! con/ruction ( h\ses2 &1 :5 _! c5tral pi? is cle>$ away1 !y =m excell5t gutt]s = ! conveyance ( wat]4 ,if1 :il/ gr[+1 ! body ( ! tree be bor$1 a :ite & sweeti% liquor exudes f ! w\nd1 :i* has ! "n ( toddy4 ,?is is collect$ 9 vessels ( e>!n-w>e1 & is a fav\rite bev]age 9 _m c\ntries :]e ! trees gr[4 ,:5 fre% x is v sweet2 9 a few h\rs x becomes some:at acid1 &1 9 ?is /ate1 is peculi>ly agreeable2 b 9 ! space ( tw5ty-f\r h\rs x is complete v9eg>4 ,by di/illation ?is liquor yields an ard5t _s1 :i* is sometimes call$ rack1 or arrack2 & is m e/eem$ ?an t obta9$ by di/illation f rice or sug>1 & m]ely f]m5t$ & flav\r$ ) ! cocoa-nut juice4 ,if boil$ ) quick-lime1 x ?ick5s into a syrup1 :i* is us$ by confection]s 9 ! ,ea/ ,indies1 ?\gh x is mu* inf]ior to syrup produc$ f ! sug>cane4 ,,poly&ria4 #bcd4 ,! ,,common ,,arum1 ,,cuckoo ,,p9t1 or ,,lords ,,& ,,ladies 7,arum maculatum71 is a well-kn[n plant1 :i* gr[s 9 %ady h$ge bottoms2 & has1 ab\t ! mon? ( ,may1 a club-%ap$ spike1 frequ5tly ( purple col\r at ! top1 issu+ f a gre5 %ea? ) :i* x is envelop$4 ,! acridity ( e "p ( ?is common plant1 :il/ 9 a rec5t /ate1 is su* t1 if ta/$1 !re is left ^u ! tongue an intol]ably disagreeable burn+ & prick+ s5sation1 :i* cont9ues = a long "t aft]w>ds2 & :i* no "o1 :o has once ta/$ x1 w be incl9$ to exp]i5ce a second "t4 ,if bruis$ & appli$ to ! sk91 a bli/] w %ortly aft]w>ds be rais$4 ,x 0 f ?is prop]ty t ! roots1 :i* are :iti%1 & ea* ab\t ! size ( a nutmeg1 7 =m]ly us$ int]nally 9 m$ic9e1 z a p[]ful /imulant1 & ext]nally = bli/]s4 ,9 "s p>ts ( ,france !y are employ$ 9 blea*+1 f an op9ion t1 by _! corrosive quality1 !y r5d] ! l95 :ite4 ,_! acrimony is :olly dissipat$ by dry+2 &1 9 a dri$ /ate1 !y af=d an almo/ ta/eless f>9ace\s p[d]1 :i* may ev5 be made into bread4 ,! p[d]$ roots ( ! common arum are conv]t$1 by ! ,fr5*1 into an h>mless cosmetic1 :i* is sold at a high price "u ! "n ( ,cyprus p[d]4 ,9 consequ5ce ( a premium :i* 0 (f]$ by ! ,society = ,enc\ragem5t ( ,arts1 ,manufactures1 & ,comm]ce1 = discov]+ a me?od ( prep>+ />* f mat]ials n us$ z food = man1 an exp]im5t 0 made1 by ,mrs4 ,jane ,gibbs1 ( ,portl&1 9 ,dorset%ire1 ^u ! roots ( ! common arum4 ,a peck ( ! roots 0 f\nd to produce ab\t f\r p\nds' weight ( />*2 & %e prep>$1 9 ! :ole1 ab\t two hundr$ weight4 ,! process 0 to clean ! roots1 & p\nd !m 9 a mort> ) wat]3 ! pulp ?us =m$ 0 /ra9$1 & aft] be+ all[$ to settle1 ! wat] 0 p\r$ (f1 & ! />* rema9$ at ! bottom4 ,:il/ speak+ ( ! arum1 x may be /at$ t ! fl[]s ( "s ( ! =eign species 7,arum cr9itum & ,a4 dracunculus7 h s /rong a smell1 l c>rion1 t ev5 fle%-flies are attract$ to deposit _! eggs 9 !m3 & t ! /ructure ( ! fl[]s is su* t1 :5 ! insects attempt to retreat1 !y are prev5t$ by ! rev]s$ hairs :i* are !re f\nd1 & are de/roy$4 ,"s ( ! species are consid]$ :olesome food2 "o 7,arum escul5tum7 is mu* cultivat$ = ?is purpose 9 ! ,we/ ,indies & ,s\? ,am]ica4 ,! leaves ( ?is plant1 :5 boil$1 are mu* e/eem$ z po!rbs1 & ! roots are eat5 ei!r bak$ or boil$4 #bce4 ,! ,,sweet ,,*esnut 7,fagus ca/anea1 ,fig4 #fe7 is a /ately tree1 :i* gr[s wild 9 "s ( ! s\!rn & we/]n p>ts ( ,engl&1 & is di/+ui%$ by hav+ spe>-%ap$ & po9t$ leaves1 ) tap]+ s]ratures at ! edge4 ,! fl[]s appe> 9 long hang+ spikes or clu/]s1 ab\t ! mon? ( ,may2 & ! fruit1 :i* is ripe 9 ,septemb]1 is envelop$ 9 a husk def5d$ by a great numb] ( complicat$ prickles4 ,not)/&+ ! kn[n durability ( ! oak1 !re does n appe> any well-au!nticat$ in/ance ( ! age ( an oak be+ equal to t ( ! celebrat$ *esnut-tree1 at ,tortwor?1 9 ,gl\ce/]%ire1 :i* 0 kn[n z a b\nd>y m>k 9 ! reign ( ,k+ ,john4 ,?is tree is suppos$ to h !n be5 m ?an #ejj ye>s old1 mak+ its age at ?is "t to exce$ #aajj ye>s4 ,! diamet] ( its trunk is fifte5 feet1 & x /ill cont9ues to be> fruit4 ,few ( our =e/ trees are m beautiful ?an ! *esnut4 ,x is true t ! g5]ality ( pa9t]s pref] ! oak = its picturesque =m2 b 9 ! l&scapes ( ,salvator ,rosa1 & o!r celebrat$ ma/]s1 *esnut-trees are v conspicu\s4 ,! timb] ( ?is tree 0 =m]ly mu* 9 use4 ,! beams & raft]s ( _m ( our mo/ anci5t *ur*es are =m$ ( x2 & its appe>ance s ne>ly resembles t ( ! oak1 t x requires ! eye ( a good judge to di/+ui% !m f ea* o!r4 ,= ! heads & /aves ( casks1 ! wood ( ! *esnut is consid]$ peculi>ly excell5t2 & pipes1 made ( x = ! conveyance ( wat] "u gr\nd1 are said to be m durable ?an ^? ei!r ( elm or oak4 ,= furniture x may be /a9$ s z some:at to resemble mahogany4 ,hop-poles1 & poles = espali]s & dead f5ces1 made ( "y *esnut-trees1 are pref]r$ to mo/ o!rs4 ,mu* ( ! fruit ( ! *esnut is consum$ z food by ! poor] classes ( p on ! ,cont95t1 b p>ticul>ly by ^? ( ,spa9 & ,italy2 &1 :5 dri$ & p[d]$1 x is no mean sub/itute = fl\r1 9 bread & pudd+s4 ,*esnuts are import$ into ?is c\ntry 9 consid]able quantities1 bo? f ,france & ,spa91 & are roa/$ & eat5 9 dess]ts3 ^? :i* are gr[n "h be+ mu* small] ?an :at we receive f abroad4 ,on ! ,cont95t !y are sometimes us$ = mak+ />*1 & 9 ! blea*+ ( l954 #bcf4 ,! ,,bee* 7,fagus sylvatica1 ,fig4 #fd7 is a =e/ tree kn[n by its wav$ & some:at oval leaves1 & its triangul> fruit1 consi/+ ( ?ree cells1 & enclos$1 by pairs1 9 a husk :i* is cov]$ ) simple prickles4 ,!re are bee* woods 9 _m p>ts ( ,engl&1 b ! trees fl\ri% be/ 9 ri*1 calc>e\s soils4 ,^! woods1 x has be5 obs]v$1 are peculi>ly dry & pleasant to walk 92 &1 "u _! %ade1 af=d to ! botani/ _m int]e/+ plants1 su* z ! bird's ne/ 7monotropa71 w9t] gre5 7pyrola71 & "s r>e or*ide4 ,bee*-trees be> lopp+ well1 & may be tra9$ s z to =m l(ty h$ges1 :i* are ! m valuable = %elt]1 z ! leaves1 ?\gh fad$1 rema9 ?r\gh ! w9t]1 & ! twi/$ bran*es may be =m$ into a v /rong f5ce4 ,! wood is h>d & brittle1 &1 if expos$ to ! air1 is liable soon to decay4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 peculi>ly useful to cab9et-mak]s & turn]s4 ,c>p5t]s' planes1 tool-h&les1 & mallets1 are made ( x4 ,:5 split into ?9 lay]s1 x is us$ to make scabb>ds = swords4 ,*airs1 b$/eads1 & o!r furniture1 are occasionally =m$ ( bee*4 ,! fruit ( ?is tree1 :i* has ! "n ( bee*-ma/1 & is ripe 9 ,septemb]1 is palatable to ! ta/e2 b1 if eat5 9 great quantity1 x occasions gidd9ess & head-a*es4 ,:51 h[ev]1 x is dri$ & p[d]$1 x may be made into a :olesome bread4 ,! inhabitants ( ,scio1 "o ( ! ,ionian ,isl&s1 7 once enabl$ to endure a memorable siege by ! bee*-ma/ :i* _! isl& suppli$4 ,?is fruit has1 occasionally1 be5 roa/$ & us$ z a sub/itute = c(fee4 ,:5 subject$ to pressure1 x yields a sweet & palatable oil1 :i*1 if prop]ly made1 is equal1 9 quality1 to ! be/ olive-oil1 & has ! advantage ( cont9u+ long] ?an t )\t becom+ rancid4 ,bee*-oil is manufactur$ 9 sev]al p>ts ( ,france2 & is us$ by ! l[] classes ( ,silesia in/ead ( butt]4 ,! cakes :i* rema9 aft] ! oil is extract$ are a :olesome food1 & may also be advantage\sly employ$ = ! fatt5+ ( sw9e1 p\ltry1 & ox54 ,9 "s c\ntries ! leaves ( ! bee*-tree are collect$ 9 ! autumn1 be=e !y h be5 injur$1 by ! fro/s1 & are us$ in/ead ( fea!rs = b$s2 & mattresses =m$ ( !m are said to be pref]able to ^? ei!r ( /raw or *aff4 #bcg4 ,! ,,oak 7,qu]cus robur1 ,fig4 #fh7 is a well-kn[n timb] tree1 ( native gr[? 9 ?is c\ntry1 z well z o!r c\ntries 9 nor!rn temp]ate climates4 ,x is to ?is valuable tree t our navy is indebt$ = its exi/5ce2 & )\t x ?is inv9cible b>ri] ( ! c\ntry c\ld n be support$4 ,oak timb] be+ h>d1 t\gh1 tol]ably flexible1 & n v liable to spl9t]1 is1 9 ,europe1 pref]r$ to e o!r k9d = ! con/ruction ( %ips ( w>4 ,x is also well adapt$ to e purpose ( rural & dome/ic economy1 p>ticul>ly = /aves1 la?s1 & ! spokes ( :eels4 ,until ! introduction ( mahogany1 x 0 v g5]ally us$ = furniture2 &1 9 l>ge mansions1 x 0 cu/om>y ev5 to l9e ! walls ( rooms ) wa9scot1 or panell+ ( oak4 ,?is tree is rem>kable = ! sl[ness ( its gr[?1 = its great longevity1 & ! dim5sions to :i* x atta9s4 ,x has1 h[ev]1 be5 rem>k$ t ! trunk ( ! oak seldom increases to a great] proportionate diamet] ?an ab\t f\rte5 in*es 9 eighty ye>s4 ,z to its dim5sions1 x is /at$ t an oak belong+ to ,"l ,p[is1 & gr[+1 9 #agfd1 9 ,bromfield ,wood1 ne> ,ludl[1 measur$ sixty-eight feet 9 gir? & tw5ty-?ree feet 9 height1 & conta9$ 9 ! :ole #adee feet ( timb]4 ,be=e oak timb] is 9 a /ate to be us$ x is requisite t ! trees %\ld be b>k$1 & suff]$ to /& uncut = ?ree or f\r ye>s1 t !y may become p]fectly dry4 ,! b>k ?us obta9$ is ext5sively us$ 9 ! tann+ ( lea!r2 & aft]w>ds x s]ves z fuel1 & = mak+ hot-b$s = ! gr[? ( p9es1 & "s o!r plants4 ,! a/r+5t prop]ties ( oak-b>k r5d] x ( use = m$ical purposes4 ,! saw-du/ ( ?is tree1 & ev5 ! leaves1 ?\gh mu* inf]ior to ! b>k1 h be5 f\nd useful 9 tann+4 ,! =m] ( ^! is ! pr9cipal vegetable production ( ?is c\ntry1 :i* is us$ 9 ! dye+ ( fu/ian4 ,on ! leaves & buds ( ! oak c]ta9 excresc5ces are =m$1 9 consequ5ce ( ! puncture ( insects1 z ! lodgm5t = _! eggs & a habitation = _! future "y4 ,^! are t]m$ galls1 & if1 :5 arriv$ at a c]ta9 /ate1 !y are infus$ 9 a weak solution ( vitriol1 !y imp>t to x a purple or violet t+e2 &1 aft] ! :ole col\r+ matt] is extract$1 ?is becomes p]fectly black4 ,consid]able quantities ( galls are us$ 9 dye+1 & = o!r purposes4 ,acorns1 or ! se$s ( ! oak1 possess an a/r+5t quality1 & h a bitt] ta/e1 bo? ( :i* may be extract$ by /eep+ !m1 = "s "t1 9 cold wat]1 or by boil+ !m4 ,aft] ?is simple process1 !y are n an unpalatable fruit4 ,) ! anci5t ,britons !y 7 an article 9 great reque/1 & ev5 con/itut$ an important "p ( _! food2 & !re c be little d\bt t1 c>efully prep>$1 dri$1 & r$uc$ to p[d]1 !y might1 9 times ( sc>city1 be adopt$ z a sub/itute = bread-corn4 ,by pressure an oil is obta9$ f !m :i* may be us$ = lamps2 & a k9d ( c(fee is prep>$ f !m 9 "s p>ts ( ! ,cont95t4 ,! bran*es ( ! oak1 z well z ^? ( sev]al o!r k9ds ( trees1 are burn$ = ! =mation ( *>coal2 & x is a rem>kable circum/ance t ! prop]ties ( *>coal1 f :atev] wood x may be made1 are ne>ly ! same4 ,"o ( ! mo/ rem>kable ( ^! is1 t x is n liable to decay by age4 ,h5ce x 0 cu/om>y1 ) ! anci5ts1 to *> or burn ! outside ( /akes1 or o!r wood1 :i* 7 to be driv5 into ! gr\nd1 or plac$ 9 wat]4 ,*>coal may be pres]v$ )\t injury = an almo/ indef9ite l5g? ( "t2 &1 9 ! anci5t tombs ( ! inhabitants ( nor!rn nations1 entire pieces ( *>coal are at ?is day frequ5tly discov]$4 ,besides ! great use ( *>coal 9 ! composition ( gunp[d]1 & to arti/s & manufactur]s ( diff]5t k9ds1 x has lately be5 employ$1 ) consid]able success1 9 correct+ ! rancid & disagreeable smell ( tra9 oil1 s z to r5d] x fit to be burn$ 9 *amb] lamps2 & sev]al manufactories ( ?is oil h be5 e/abli%$ 9 ! neighb\rhood ( ,london4 ,newly-made *>coal1 if roll$ up 9 clo!s :i* h contract$ a disagreeable od\r1 w effectually de/roy x2 & if boil$ ) meat beg9n+ to putrefy w take away ! ta9t4 ,?is sub/ance is us$ by arti/s 9 ! poli%+ ( brass & copp]-plates1 = ! draw+ ( outl9es1 & num]\s o!r purposes4 ,:5 purifi$1 x =ms p]haps ! be/ too?-p[d] t is kn[n4 ,! mode ( purify+ x is to r$uce x to p[d]1 wa% x repeat$ly ) wat]1 & !n dry x by means ( a /rong heat 9 close vessels4 ,?is heat expels ! =eign cont5ts ) :i* x is impregnat$2 b h[ev] int5se1 if ! vessels are clos$1 x 9 no respects alt]s ! quality ( ! *>coal4 ,! vap\r ( burn+ *>coal is extremely p]nici\s2 & p]sons expos$ to x 9 conf9$ rooms are liable to be suffocat$ 9 a v %ort "t4 ,! be/ rem$y is imm$iately to take !m into ! /ronge/ draught ( cold air t c be obta9$1 to loos5 all _! g>m5ts1 & apply volatile spirits to _! no/rils4 #bch4 ,,cork is ! ext]nal b>k ( a species ( oak 7,qu]cus sub]7 :i* gr[s 9 ,spa91 ,portugal1 & o!r s\!rn p>ts ( ,europe1 & is di/+ui%$ by ! fung\s texture ( its b>k2 & by its leaves be+ ev]gre51 oblong1 some:at oval1 d[ny und]nea?1 & wav$4 ,! pr9cipal supply ( ! cork t is consum$ 9 ,europe1 is obta9$ f ,catalonia 9 ,spa92 & ! culture & ! prep>ation ( x yield to ! inhabitants ( t prov9ce ne> #bej1jjjl4 p] annum4 ,9 ! collect+ ( cork1 x is cu/om>y to slit x ) a knife1 at c]ta9 di/ances1 9 a p]p5dicul> direction f ! top ( ! trees to ! bottom2 & to make two incisions across1 "o ne> ! top & ! o!r ne> ! bottom ( ! trunk4 ,= ! purpose ( /ripp+ (f ! b>k1 a curv$ knife ) a h&le at ea* end is us$4 ,sometimes x is /ripp$ 9 pieces ! :ole l5g?1 & sometimes 9 %ort] pieces1 cross cuts be+ made at c]ta9 int]vals4 ,9 "s in/ances ! p]p5dicul> & transv]se incisions are made1 & ! cork is left ^u ! trees until1 by ! gr[? ( ! new b>k b5ea?1 x becomes suffici5tly loose to be remov$ by ! h&4 ,aft] ! pieces are deta*$ !y are soak$ 9 wat]2 &1 :5 ne>ly dry1 are plac$ ov] a fire ( coals1 :i* black5s _! ext]nal surface4 ,by ! latt] op]ation !y are r5d]$ smoo?1 & all ! small] blemi%es are !reby conceal$3 ! l>g] holes & cracks are fill$ up by ! artful introduction ( soot & dirt4 ,! pieces are next load$ ) weights to make !m ev52 & la/ly !y are dri$1 /ack$1 or pack$ 9 bales = exportation4 ,_m ( ! uses ( cork 7 well kn[n to ! anci5ts4 ,its ela/icity r5d]s x peculi>ly s]viceable = ! /opp+ ( vessels ( diff]5t k9ds2 & ?us prev5t+ ei!r ! liquids !re9 conta9$ f runn+ out1 or ! ext]nal air f pass+ 94 ,! use ( cork = /opp+ glass bottles is g5]ally consid]$ to h be5 introduc$ ab\t ! fifte5? c5tury4 ,! practice ( employ+ ?is sub/ance = jackets to assi/ 9 swimm+ is v anci5t2 & x has lately be5 appli$ 9 v>i\s ways t[>ds ! pres]vation ( life1 :5 endang]$ by %ipwreck4 ,! floats ( nets us$ = fi%+ are frequ5tly made ( cork3 pieces fa/5$ toge!r make buoys1 :i*1 by float+ on ! surface ( ! wat]1 af=d direction = vessels 9 h>b\rs1 riv]s1 & o!r places4 ,9 "s p>ts ( ,spa9 x is cu/om>y to l9e ! walls ( h\ses ) cork1 :i* n only r5d]s !m w>m1 b prev5ts ! admission ( moi/ure4 ,! anci5t ,egyptians sometimes made c(f9s ( x4 ,on acc\nt ( its lightness1 cork is us$ = false legs2 &1 f its be+ imp]vi\s by wat]1 x is sometimes plac$ betwixt ! soles ( %oes to keep out moi/ure4 ,:5 burn$1 x con/itutes t light black sub/ance kn[n by ! "n ( ,spani% black4 ,9 ! cutt+ ( corks = use1 ! only tool employ$ is a broad1 ?91 & %>p knife2 &1 z ! cork t5ds v mu* to blunt ?is1 x is %>p5$ ^u a bo>d by "o :et1 or /roke on ea* side1 aft] e cut2 &1 n[ & !n1 ^u a common :et-/one4 ,! corks = bottles are cut 9 ! l5g? way ( ! b>k1 & consequ5tly ! pores lie across4 ,bungs1 & corks ( l>ge size1 are cut 9 a contr>y direction3 ! pores 9 ^! are !re=e d[nw>d1 a circum/ance :i* r5d]s !m mu* m defective 9 /opp+ out ! air ?an ! o!rs4 ,! p>+s ( cork are sold to ! mak]s ( ,spani% black4 #bci4 ,! ,,walnut is a well-kn[n %ell fruit1 produc$ by a tree 7,juglans regia1 ,fig4 #fi71 :i* gr[s wild 9 ! nor!rn p>ts ( ,*9a & ,p]sia1 & has w+$ leaves2 ! leaflets1 ab\t n9e 9 numb]1 l>ge1 oblong1 smoo?1 ?ick2 & ! end "o ) a /alk4 ,al?\gh greatly admir$1 bo? = ! beauty ( its foliage1 & = ! excell5ce ( its fruit1 ! cultivation ( ! walnut-tree 9 ,engl& is by no means att5d$ to s mu* z x 0 =m]ly1 :5 its wood 0 consid]$ ! mo/ ornam5tal timb] produc$ 9 our isl&4 ,x is pleas+ly ve9$1 & admits ( a f9e poli%1 b its col\r is mu* less ri* ?an t ( mahogany2 & consequ5tly1 except = ! mak+ ( gun/ocks1 x has1 ( late1 be5 :olly sup]s$$ by t m fav\rite wood4 ,on ! ,cont95t1 h[ev]1 ! walnut-tree is /ill 9 reque/ = furniture ( v>i\s k9ds4 ,! fruit ( ! walnut-tree is cov]$ ext]nally ) a ?ick & smoo? gre5 husk1 ! juice ( :i* /a9s ! f+]s black4 ,9 an unripe /ate1 be=e ! %ells are =m$1 ! :ole fruit may be made into a pickle1 & also into ket*up4 ,9 m$ic9e ! unripe fruit is consid]$ ( use = ! de/ruction ( worms1 & is usually adm9i/]$ 9 ! =m ( an extract4 ,walnuts become ripe ab\t ! beg9n+ ( ,octob]2 &1 z !y gr[ 9 clu/]s1 g5]ally at ! ends ( ! bran*es1 x is cu/om>y to beat !m d[n ) long poles4 ,! k]nel1 :i* is cov]$ ) a t\gh1 yell[1 & bitt] sk91 is m e/eem$ ?an t ei!r ( ! hazel-nut or filb]t4 ,x yields1 on pressure1 a sweet k9d ( oil1 :i*1 9 quantity1 am\nts to ab\t half ! weight ( ! k]nel4 ,!re are sev]al v>ieties ( walnut1 :i* are well kn[n to ! cultivators ( t tree4 #bdj4 ,! ,,hickory-,,nut 7,juglans alba7 is a ,nor? ,am]ican species ( walnut1 ! %ell ( :i* is v h>d1 does n split asund] l t ( ! walnut1 & is ( smoo!r & light] col\r ?an t4 ,its k]nel is sweet & well ta/$1 & af=ds a consid]able portion ( oil4 #bda4 ,! ,,hazel-,,nut & ,,filb]t are well-kn[n fruits1 ! =m] ( a %rub 7,corylus avellana1 ,fig4 #fg7 :i* gr[s 9 h$ges & ?ickets2 & ! latt] ( a some:at simil> %rub1 :i* is cultivat$ 9 or*>ds & kit*5 g>d5s4 ,ea* ( ^! k9ds ( nuts is mu* e/eem$1 b p>ticul>ly ! latt]2 ! flav\r ( its k]nels be+ v delici\s4 ,!y are1 h[ev]1 difficult ( dige/ion1 &1 :5 eat5 9 consid]able quantity1 sometimes produce v unpleasant effects4 ,! oil :i* is obta9$ f hazel-nuts by pressure is little inf]ior 9 flav\r to t ( almonds1 &1 "u ! "n ( nut-oil1 is (t5 us$ by pa9t]s4 ,*emi/s employ x z ! basis ( fragrant oils artificially prep>$1 because x easily comb9es ) & reta9s od\rs4 ,?is oil is f\nd s]viceable 9 ob/9ate c\ghs4 ,if nuts be put into e>!n pots & well clos$1 & aft]w>ds buri$ eighte5 in*es or two feet deep 9 ! e>?1 !y may be kept s\nd ?r\gh ! w9t]4 ,9 _m p>ts ( ! c\ntry hazels are plant$ 9 coppices & h$ge-r[s = sev]al useful purposes2 b p>ticul>ly to be cut d[n1 p]iodically1 = *>coal1 = poles1 fi%+-rods1 c4 ,be+ extremely t\gh & flexible1 ! bran*es ( ! hazel are us$ = mak+ hurdles1 crates1 )s or b&s1 & spr+les to fa/5 d[n ?at*4 ,!y are =m$ into sp>s1 h&les = implem5ts ( husb&ry2 &1 :5 split1 are b5t into hoops = casks4 ,*>coal made f hazel is mu* 9 reque/ = =ges2 &1 :5 prep>$ 9 a p>ticul> mann]1 is us$ by pa9t]s & engrav]s to draw _! outl9es4 ,9 c\ntries :]e yea/ is sc>ce1 x is n unusual to twi/ loosely toge!r ! sl5d] bran*es ( ?is %rub1 & to /eep !m 9 ale-yea/ dur+ its f]m5tation4 ,!y are !n hung up to dry2 &1 at ! next brew+1 are put into ! wort in/ead ( yea/4 ,! roots are us$ by cab9et mak]s = v5e]+3 &1 9 ,italy1 ! *ips ( hazel are sometimes put into turbid w9e = ! purpose ( f9+ x4 #bdb4 ,! ,,hornbeam 7,c>p9us betulus1 ,fig4 #gc7 is a =e/ tree :i* gr[s to ! height ( sixty or sev5ty feet1 yet seldom exce$s fifte5 or eighte5 in*es 9 diamet]1 has smoo? :ite b>k1 m>k$ ) grey spots1 & leaves ab\t ?ree in*es long & two broad1 oval1 po9t$1 & s]rat$4 ,z a timb]-tree ! hornbeam is m e/eem$ on ! ,cont95t ?an 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,x gr[s readily 9 /iff soils1 p>ticul>ly on ! sides ( hills2 & is easily transplant$4 ,! wood1 :i* is :ite1 h>d1 & t\gh1 is us$ by turn]s2 & is wr\ght into cogs = mill-:eels1 screw-presses1 ! heads ( beetles1 h&les ( work+ tools1 & o!r in/rum5ts & ma*9]y 9 :i* great /r5g? is requir$4 ,z fuel x is pref]r$1 on acc\nt ( its readi] inflammability1 to mo/ o!r k9ds ( wood4 ,! inn] b>k is us$1 9 "s c\ntries1 = dye+ yell[4 ,f ! foliage ( ! hornbeam be+ luxuriant1 & admitt+ ( be+ clipp$1 )\t injury1 into any ( ^? =ms :i* ! old ,fr5* g>d5 /yle requir$1 ?is tree 0 =m]ly mu* m plant$ 9 ,engl& ?an x is at pres5t4 ,x pres]ves a great portion ( its )]$ leaves ?r\gh ! w9t]2 &1 if prop]ly plant$ z a h$ge1 x =ms an excell5t f5ce4 ,! ,g]man husb&man1 :5 he erects a f5ce ( hornbeam1 ?r[s up a p>apet ( e>?1 ) a dit* on ea* side1 & plants 8 sets 7:i* he raises f lay]s7 9 su* a mann] t e two plants may be br\ght to int]sect ea* o!r1 9 ! =m ( a ,/4 ,&rew's cross4 ,9 t "p :]e ! plants cross1 he scrapes (f ! b>k1 & b5ds !m closely toge!r ) /raw4 ,9 consequ5ce ( ?is op]ation ! two plants consolidate into a sort ( indissoluble knot1 & pu%1 f ! place ( junction1 horizontal slant+ %oots1 :i* =m a liv+ palisado or *evaux de frise2 s t su* a protection may be call$ a rural =tification4 ,^! h$ges1 be+ annually & c>efully prun$1 w1 9 a few ye>s1 become imp5etrable 9 e "p4 ,x is n uncommon 9 ,g]many1 to see ! high roads ?us gu>d$ = _m miles toge!r2 & great advantage might be d]iv$ f adopt+ ! same plan 9 _m p>ts ( our own k+dom4 #bdc4 ,! ,,plane-,,tree 7,platanus ori5talis1 ,fig4 #ga7 is di/+ui%$ by hav+ broad leaves1 ea* ) ab\t five pr9cipal divisions1 & ^! subdivid$ into small] ones4 ,by ! anci5t ,greeks & ,romans ! plane-tree 0 highly valu$1 on acc\nt ( its grateful %ade2 & ! latt] 7 mu* delight$ by tra9+ x 9 su* mann] z to admit ( _! sitt+ b5ea? its bran*es4 ,:]ev] !y built _! magnific5t colleges = ! ex]cise ( y\?1 9 ! gymna/ic arts1 z rid+1 wre/l+1 runn+1 leap+1 ?r[+ ! discus1 c4 & :]e also ! grave/ philosoph]s met to conv]se toge!r & improve _! /udies1 !y plant$ av5ues & walks ( plane trees = refre%m5t & %ade4 ,?\gh n[ frequ5tly plant$ 9 p>ks & pleasure gr\nds1 ! sycamore 7#abb7 is1 9 _m in/ances1 pref]r$ to x4 ,! plane1 ?\gh a native ( ,asia & ! s\!rn p>ts ( ,europe1 is v h>dy1 gr[s rapidly1 & w fl\ri% 9 any common soil1 & 9 any aspect4 ,its wood1 at a c]ta9 age1 becomes mu* ve9$2 &1 consequ5tly1 is valuable = _m k9ds ( dome/ic furniture1 b p>ticul>ly = tables4 #bdd4 ,! ,,cabbage-,,tree 7,areca ol]acea7 is an ,am]ican species ( palm1 :i* gr[s to ! height ( a hundr$ feet & upw>ds1 & is de/itute ( leaves until )9 a few feet ( ! summit4 ,! leaves1 sometimes ne> tw5ty feet long1 are w+$1 & ! leaflets are entire4 ,su* is ! g5]al elegance ( ?is tree t x is frequ5tly d5om9at$ ! que5 ( woods4 ,its fruit1 :i* gr[s 9 bun*es f ! top1 is an oblong & obtuse k9d ( b]ry1 ( blui% purple col\r1 & ab\t ! size ( an olive4 ,! %ea?s ( ! fl[]s1 & ! floral leaves1 :5 fir/ develop$1 are fold$ r\nd ea* o!r1 enclos$ 9 a ?91 gre51 & spongy b>k1 eight or n9e in*es 9 circumf]5ce1 & con/itute ! "p :i* is d5om9at$ ! cabbage4 ,?is is :ite1 &1 :5 boil$1 is e/eem$ a great luxury4 ,x is also eat5 raw z a salad1 & fri$ ) butt]2 & its ta/e is said to resemble t ( an arti*oke4 ,?is "p is likewise frequ5tly made into a pickle ) v9eg> & spices4 ,we are in=m$ t ! cabbage-tree 0 fir/ introduc$ into ,jamaica by ,admiral ,kn[les1 :5 gov]nor ( t isl&2 & t x has s9ce be5 cultivat$ !re ) great att5tion4 ,b x is *iefly plant$ = its beauty1 be+ consid]$ too valuable to be (t5 cut d[n = ! small portion ( food :i* x ?us af=ds1 h[ev] delici\s t may be4 ,9 ! leaves ( ?is tree !re is a ?read-l sub/ance1 :i* is sometimes spun1 l hemp1 & made into diff]5t k9ds ( cordage4 ,! sockets or grooves =m$ by ! broad "p ( ! foot/alks ( ! leaves are us$ by ! negroes z cradles = _! *ildr52 & on ! inn] sides ( ! v "y foot/alks !re are t5d] pellicles1 :i*1 :5 dri$1 may be conv]t$ into pap]4 ,! trunks1 :5 cle>$ ( ! pi?1 s]ve z wat] pipes & gutt]s4 ,( ! pi? a k9d ( sago is made2 & 9 ?is pi?1 aft] ! trees are fell$1 !re is br$ a l>ge species ( cat]pill> :i* ! inhabitants ( "s ( ! ,we/ ,indian isl&s eat z a great delicacy4 #bde4 ,! ,,cate*u1 ,,areca1 or ,,betel-,,nut-,,tree 7,areca cate*u71 is a species ( palm :i* gr[s 9 ! ,ea/ ,indies4 ,x is g5]ally f ?irty to =ty feet high1 & its trunk is six or eight in*es 9 diamet]4 ,! leaves1 :i* gr[ on ! summit1 are w+$1 hav+ ! leaflets fold$ back2 & ! fruit is a pulpy b]ry ) ?9 sk91 conta9+ a nut ab\t an in* 9 l5g?1 & ( a r\nd$ conical =m4 ,! k]nel ( ! areca-nut1 :i* is cov]$ by a ?91 smoo?1 & yell[i% %ell1 is some:at l a nutmeg1 b conta9s1 9 ! c5tre1 a :ite1 s(t1 greyi%1 & almo/ liquid sub/ance1 :i* becomes h>d z ! nut rip5s4 ,?is fruit is 9 g5]al use by ! ,indians1 :o cut x into slices1 mix x ) o!r sub/ances1 wrap x 9 ! leaves ( betel 7#bb71 & *ew x mu* 9 ! same mann] z ! common p ( our c\ntry *ew tobacco4 ,! consumption ( ^! nuts 9 ,india is almo/ beyond calculation4 ,!y are an article ( consid]able trade1 f port to port2 & also f ,india to ,*9a1 b !y are seldom br\ght into ,engl&1 ?\gh !y might be ( use 9 "s ( our manufactures4 ,! drug call$ cate*u1 & =m]ly t]ra japonica1 0 suppos$ to be an extract prep>$ f ! above nuts2 b x is n[ asc]ta9$ to be made f ! wood ( a species ( mimosa4 ,,monadelphia4 #bdf4 ,! ,,scots ,,fir 7,p9us sylve/ris71 :i* has its "n f gr[+ wild 9 diff]5t p>ts ( ,scotl&1 is kn[n f o!r trees ( ! same tribe by hav+ its sl5d] & some:at ne$le-%ap$ leaves 9 pairs2 its cones or se$-vessels some:at egg-%ap$1 mo/ly 9 pairs1 z long z ! leaves1 & ! scales blunt4 ,?is useful tree fl\ri%es ) greate/ luxuriance on ! nor? & nor?-ea/ sides ( hills1 9 a poor & s&y soil1 especially :]e ?is is mix$ ) loam4 ,if plant$ among rocks1 or 9 bogs1 x seldom atta9s a l>ge size2 9 black soil x becomes diseas$2 & 9 *alky l& x frequ5tly p9es away & dies4 ,its timb]1 "u ! "n ( deal1 is employ$ z ! wood-"w ( h\ses2 = raft]s1 floor+1 doors1 ! frames ( w9d[s1 tables1 boxes1 & o!r purposes1 inf9itely too v>i\s to be enum]at$4 ,frigates1 & o!r %ips ( l>ge size1 h sometimes be5 con/ruct$ ( deal b ^! are by no means s durable z vessels t are built ( oak4 ,mu* ( ! deal :i* we use is import$ f ,norway1 & o!r nor!rn p>ts ( ,europe4 ,t f ,*ri/iana1 :i* is call$ yell[ deal1 or r$ deal1 is frequ5tly br\ght ov] 9 planks1 b m commonly 9 bo>ds1 ea* ab\t t5 in*es & half 9 wid?4 ,! wood ( su* trees z are rais$ 9 ,engl& is equal to ! =eign wood 9 weight & durability1 b its gra9 is g5]ally co>s]4 ,! out] b>k ( ! fir-tree may be us$ 9 ! tann+ ( lea!r2 & x is said t1 9 ! nor!rn p>ts ( ,europe1 ! s(t1 :ite1 & fibr\s inn] b>k is1 9 times ( sc>city1 made into a k9d ( bread4 ,= ?is purpose x is dri$ ov] a fire1 r$uc$ to p[d]1 knead$ ) wat]1 & a small portion ( corn-fl\r1 into cakes1 & bak$ 9 an ov54 ,*ildr5 9 ,norway are v fond ( ! fre% b>k1 9 ! spr+ ( ! ye>1 ei!r %av$ (f ) a knife1 or grat$ ) a rasp4 ,common ,turp5t9e is ! res9\s juice *iefly ( ! ,scots fir1 obta9$ by bor+ holes into ! trunks ( ! trees1 e>ly 9 spr+1 & plac+ vessels b5ea? = its reception4 ,x is ( br[n col\r2 & has a /rong od\r1 & disagreeable ta/e4 ,9 ! di/illation ( turp5t9e an ess5tial oil is produc$1 call$ oil ( turp5t9e1 :i* is extremely pung5t4 ,:5 ! di/illation is cont9u$ to dryness1 ! sub/ance :i* rema9s is kn[n by ! "n ( common res9 or ros92 b1 if wat] be mix$ ) x1 :ile yet fluid1 & incorporat$ by viol5t agitation1 a sub/ance is =m$ call$ yell[ res94 ,common turp5t9e is mo/ly employ$ z an +r$i5t 9 ! pla/]s us$ by f>ri]s4 ,! oil is occasionally us$ 9 m$ic9e2 &1 lately1 x has be5 consid]$ efficaci\s 9 cases ( worms4 ,x is mu* employ$ by pa9t]s = r5d]+ _! col\rs m fluid2 z well z 9 ! composition ( diff]5t k9ds ( v>ni% us$ 9 floor-clo?1 umbrella1 & o!r manufactures4 ,! noxi\s _s call$ g9 0 =m]ly flav\r$ ) junip] b]ries2 b z ^! are n[ too exp5sive1 oil ( turp5t9e1 ! ta/e ( :i* 9 a slight degree resembles t ( junip]1 is appli$ to ! same purpose2 & consid]able quantities ( turp5t9e are ?us consum$4 ,! common res9 is us$ 9 pla/]s1 = :i* its great adhesiv5ess r5d]s x peculi>ly applicable4 ,x is also ( consid]able importance 9 ! arts2 & musicians rub ! b[s & /r+s ( viol9s ) x1 to take (f ! greasy p>ticles :i* are !re collect$1 z well z to c\nt]act ! effects ( moi/ure4 ,yell[ res9 is us$ 9 pla/]s1 & = o!r purposes 9 m$ic9e4 ,t> is obta9$ f ! roots & refuse p>ts ( ! fir-tree1 by cutt+ !m into billets1 pil+ ^!1 9 a prop] mann]1 9 pits or ov5s =m$ = ! purpose1 cov]+ !m p>tly ov]1 & sett+ !m on fire4 ,dur+ ! burn+1 a black & ?ick matt]1 :i* is ! t>1 falls to ! bottom1 & is conduct$ !nce into vessels :i* are plac$ to receive x1 & f :i* x is aft]w>ds p\r$ into b>rels = sale4 ,t> is an article ( great utility 9 manufactures1 & = v>i\s economical purposes4 ,x is mu* employ$ = sme>+ ! rigg+1 & o!r ext]nal p>ts ( %ips1 to prev5t _! receiv+ injury f moi/ure4 ,x has be5 us$ 9 m$ic9e bo? int]nally & ext]nally2 & p>ticul>ly t>-wat]1 or wat] impregnat$ ) t>1 01 "s ye>s ago1 a popul> rem$y 9 v>i\s disord]s1 b its virtues h be5 too mu* extoll$4 ,al?\gh consid]able quantities ( t> are prep>$ 9 ?is c\ntry1 ^! are insuffici5t to supply ! dem&2 consequ5tly we1 e ye>1 import great quantities ( x f ,russia1 ,sw$51 ,am]ica1 & o!r c\ntries4 ,pit* is usually made by melt+ toge!r co>se h>d res9 & an equal quantity ( t>2 or1 z "s writ]s /ate1 by boil+ t> ) a c]ta9 portion ( wat]1 until x becomes s ?ick t1 on cool+1 x =ms a h>d black mass4 ,by ! anci5ts pit* 0 mu* employ$ = giv+ flav\r & fragrance to _! w9es4 ,) u x is ( ext5sive use to me*anics1 & 9 num]\s manufactures2 b ! pr9cipal dem& = x is 9 %ip-build+1 to secure ! jo9ts & crevices ( ! planks & timb]s1 & = o!r purposes4 ,:5 mix$ ) a c]ta9 quantity ( oil & suet1 x is made into %oe-mak]s' wax2 &1 9 conjunction ) :ale fat1 =ms c>riage-grease1 or ! sub/ance ) :i* ! :eels ( c>riages are sme>$4 ,! be/ pit* is import$ f ,sw$5 & ,norway3 &1 is ( a glossy black col\r1 p]fectly dry1 & v brittle4 ,lamp-black is a soot =m$ by burn+ ! dregs & co>s] p>ts ( t> 9 furnaces con/ruct$ = t purpose4 ,! smoke is convey$ ?r\gh tubes into boxes1 ea* cov]$ ) l951 9 ! =m ( a cone4 ,^u ?is l95 ! soot is deposit$3 & x is1 f "t to "t1 beat5 (f into ! boxes1 & aft]w>ds pack$ 9 b>rels = sale4 ,?is sub/ance is employ$ 9 pr9t+ & dye+2 & has its "n f ! practice t 0 =m]ly adopt$ ( mak+ x by means ( lamps4 #bdg4 ,! ,,weym\? ,,p9e is *iefly di/+ui%$ by its leaves gr[+ 9 fives1 & its cones be+ smoo?1 cyl9drical1 & long] ?an ! leaves4 ,?is species ( fir-tree gr[s wild 9 ,nor? ,am]ica1 & succe$s well 9 /rong l& 9 ,engl&4 ,its timb] is :ite1 ( m op5 gra9 ?an ,scots fir1 & n s heavy z t4 ,9 ,am]ica x is pr9cipally us$ = ! ma/s ( %ips1 = :i*1 by its t\ghness1 x is peculi>ly calculat$4 #bdh4 ,! ,,spruce ,,fir 7,p9us abies71 a native ( ,norway1 & o!r ,nor!rn p>ts ( ,europe1 is kn[n by its %ort1 & f\r-sid$ leaves gr[+ s+ly1 & surr\nd+ ! bran*es2 its cones be+ cyl9drical1 ! scales some:at squ>e1 flatt5$1 & not*$ at ! top ,! wood ( ! spruce fir is :at ! ,engli% c>p5t]s usually d5om9ate :ite deal4 ,x is consid]$ next 9 value to t obta9$ f ! ,scots fir2 & is rem>kable = hav+ few knots4 ,on acc\nt ( its lightness x is peculi>ly adapt$ = pack+-cases & musical in/rum5ts4 ,f incisions made into ! trunk ( ! spruce fir-tree1 a f9e & cle> turp5t9e oozes1 :i*1 aft] be+ boil$ 9 wat]1 & /ra9$ ?r\gh a l95 clo?1 acquires a some:at solid consi/5ce1 & r$di% br[n col\r2 & is call$ ,burgundy pit*4 ,?is is employ$ z an +r$i5t 9 sev]al k9ds ( o9tm5ts & pla/]s3 & is pr9cipally manufactur$ 9 ,saxony4 ,! article call$ ess5ce ( spruce1 :i* is us$ 9 mak+ spruce be]1 is prep>$ f ! bran*es ( ?is tree1 & f ^? ( a species ne>ly alli$ to x :i* gr[s 9 ,am]ica4 #bdi4 ,! ,,l>* 7,p9us l>yx71 a native ( ! ,alps1 & ! m\nta9s ( ,g]many1 is a species ( fir1 :i* has its leaves 9 tufts1 & its cones oblong1 & ( some:at oval %ape1 ! m>g9s ( ! scales b5t back1 & jagg$4 ,! cultivation ( l>*-trees has ( late be5 mu* recomm5d$ = adoption 9 ?is c\ntry1 on acc\nt ( ! value ( _! timb]1 :i* = /r5g? & durability1 is equal to mo/ k9ds ( deal4 ,x is well calculat$ = ma/s1 & ! framework ( vessels1 be+ capable ( su/a9+ mu* great] pressure ev5 ?an oak4 ,= wood-"w con/antly imm]s$ 9 wat]1 x is peculi>ly calculat$1 z1 9 su* situations1 x is ass]t$ to become almo/ z h>d z /one4 ,9 ,pet]sburg l>* timb] is appli$ to no o!r use ?an t ( %ip-build+4 ,l9e-(-battle %ips are con/ruct$ ( x 9 ,ar*angel1 & ^! g5]ally la/ ab\t fifte5 ye>s2 ?\gh1 9 mild] climates1 x is imag9$ t !y w\ld la/ mu* long]4 ,= gates1 pales1 & simil> "w1 expos$ to ! vicissitudes ( wea!r1 !y are admirably s]viceable2 & = floor+ & o!r int]nal purposes are at lea/ equally durable4 ,build+s con/ruct$ ( l>* timb] are said to h cont9u$ s\nd = #bjj ye>s2 &1 9 "s ( ! old palaces 9 ,v5ice1 !re are beams ( l>* yet exi/+ t are z s\nd z :5 !y 7 fir/ plac$4 ,b ! v combu/ible nature ( ?is wood r5d]s x objectionable = su* uses4 ,no wood ) :i* we are acqua9t$ af=ds m durable /aves = casks ?an l>*2 &1 9 ! op9ion ( _m p]sons1 x is fur!r valuable by improv+ ! flav\r ( ! w9e conta9$ 9 !m4 ,! wood is ( delicate col\r1 n unlike ! c$> us$ = black-lead p5cils1 b is knotty almo/ ?r\gh\t4 ,f ! inn] b>k ( ! l>* ! ,russians manufacture a s(t & f9e k9d ( :ite gloves4 ,! trunk1 if tapp$ betwixt ! mon?s ( ,m>* & ,septemb]1 yields an extremely pure turp5t9e1 :i* has ! "n ( ,v5ice turp5t9e2 & is ( consid]able use 9 m$ic9e4 ,x is usually ?9n] ?an any o!r k9d ( turp5t9e1 & ( cle>1 :iti%1 or yell[i% col\r4 ,! drug ( ?is "n1 :i* is g5]ally met ) 9 ! %ops1 is n[ import$ f ,new ,engl&1 b 0 =m]ly br\ght f ,v5ice4 ,a br[n gummy sub/ance1 kn[n 9 ,russia by ! "n ( ,or5burgh gum1 is obta9$ by a curi\s process f ! sap ( ! tree4 ,on ! l>ge bran*es ( ! l>* are produc$ small1 sweeti% gra9s1 some:at resembl+ sug>2 :i* are frequ5tly sub/itut$ = ! drug call$ manna 7#bge74 ,! cultivation ( ! l>* 0 fir/ introduc$ into ,brita9 t[>ds ! conclusion ( ! sev5te5? c5tury4 ,! trees w gr[ 9 almo/ any soil2 & ! prop] season = fell+ !m is ! mon? ( ,july4 ,!y1 h[ev]1 seldom atta9 any l>ge size 9 ?is c\ntry2 & !y are said to decay & become cov]$ ) moss1 :5 ab\t =ty ye>s old4 #bej4 ,! ,,cypress-,,tree 7,cupressus semp]vir5s7 is a d>k-col\r$ ev]gre51 a native ( ! ,levant1 ! leaves ( :i* are extremely small1 & entirely cov] all ! sl5d] bran*es1 ly+ close ^u !m s z to give !m a some:at quadrangul> %ape4 ,9 "s ( ! trees ! bran*es dim9i% gradually 9 l5g? f ! bottom to ! top1 9 su* mann] z to =m a ne>ly pyramidal %ape4 ,9 _m ( ! old g>d5s 9 ?is c\ntry cypress-trees are /ill to be f\nd1 b _! g5]ally sombre & gloomy appe>ance has caus$ !m1 ( late ye>s1 to be mu* neglect$4 ,!y are1 h[ev]1 v valuable on acc\nt ( _! wood1 :i* is h>d1 compact1 & durable1 ( pale or r$di% col\r1 ) deep ve9s1 & pleasant smell4 ,we are in=m$ by ,pl9y t ! doors ( ! fam\s temple ( ,diana1 at ,ephesus1 7 ( cypress wood1 & t1 al?\gh !y 7 #djj ye>s old at ! "t :5 he wrote1 !y appe>$ to be ne>ly z fre% z new4 ,inde$ ?is wood 0 s mu* e/eem$ by ! anci5ts1 t ! image ( ,jupit] 9 ! capitol 0 made ( x4 ,! gates ( ,/4 ,pet]'s *ur* at ,rome are /at$ to h be5 ( cypress1 & to h la/$ m ?an #ajjj ye>s1 f ! "t ( ! ,emp]or ,con/ant9e until t ( ,pope ,eug5ius ! ,f\r?1 :5 gates ( brass 7 erect$ 9 _! /ead4 ,z ?is wood1 9 addition to its o!r qualities1 takes a f9e poli%1 & is n liable to suff] f ! attacks ( insects1 x 0 =m]ly mu* e/eem$ = cab9et furniture4 ,by ! ,greeks1 9 ! "t ( ,?ucydides1 x 0 us$ = ! c(f9s ( em95t w>riors2 & _m ( ! *e/s :i* enclose ,egyptian mummies are made ( x4 ,! latt] af=d v decisive pro( ( its almo/ incorruptible nature4 ,! "n ( ?is tree is d]iv$ f ! isl& ( ,cyprus1 9 ! ,m$it]ranean1 :]e x /ill gr[s 9 great luxuriance4 ,its gloomy hue caus$ x to be consecrat$ by ! anci5ts to ,pluto1 & to be us$ at ! fun]als ( p ( em95ce4 ,pl9y /ates t1 9 8 "t1 x 0 cu/om>y to place bran*es ( ! cypress-tree be=e ! h\ses 9 :i* p]sons lay dead4 #bea4 ,! ,,cassava1 or ,,cassada 7,jatropha manihot7 is a ,s\? ,am]ican %rub1 ab\t ?ree feet 9 height1 ) broad1 %9+1 & some:at h&-%ap$ leaves1 & beautiful :ite & rose-col\r$ fl[]s4 ,x is a v rem>kable circum/ance1 t ! roots ( ! cassava1 if eat5 raw1 are a fatal poison bo? to man & bea/1 & t1 :5 prep>$ by heat1 !y yield a safe & valuable food2 on :i*1 inde$1 _m bo? ( ! ,indian & ,european inhabitants ( ,s\? ,am]ica almo/ :olly subsi/4 ,! roots are ! only edible p>ts ( ! plant4 ,^!1 :i* are :ite1 s(t1 & f>9ace\s1 f "o to two feet 9 l5g?1 & five or six in*es 9 circumf]5ce1 are dug out ( ! e>?1 at a c]ta9 season ( ! ye>1 wa%$1 /ripp$ ( _! r9d1 & gr\nd to a pulp4 ,! juice1 or poison\s "p1 is press$ out1 & c>efully ?r[n away2 z cattle1 & o!r animals1 :i* h accid5tally drunk ( x1 h almo/ in/antly di$4 ,! fl\r t rema9s1 aft] pressure1 is =m$ into ?9 r\nd cakes & bak$4 ,to an ,european1 accu/om$ to o!r bread1 ^!1 ?\gh sweeti%1 & n unpalatable1 h an insipid ta/e4 ,if plac$ 9 close vessels1 & pres]v$ f ! attacks ( insects1 cassava bread may be kept = sev]al mon?s )\t injury4 ,) ! natives ( ,s\? ,am]ica1 x is n unusual to ?r[ a great numb] ( cakes ( cassava toge!r to heat1 aft] :i* !y soak !m 9 wat]1 :i* causes a rapid f]m5tation to take place2 & f ! liquor ?us obta9$1 !y make a v %>p & disagreeable1 b intoxicat+ bev]age1 :i* w n keep long] ?an tw5ty-f\r h\rs )\t spoil+4 ,f ! pure fl\r ( cassava is =m$ ! sub/ance call$ tapioca1 :i* is frequ5tly import$ into ?is c\ntry1 & is us$ = jelly1 pudd+s1 & o!r cul9>y purposes4 ,x is prep>$ f ! fibr\s "p ( ! roots by tak+ a small quantity ( ! pulp1 aft] ! juice is extract$1 & work+ x 9 ! h& till a ?ick :ite cream appe>s on ! surface4 ,?is1 be+ sep>at$1 & wa%$ 9 wat]1 gradually subsides to ! bottom4 ,aft] ! wat] is p\r$ (f1 ! rema9+ moi/ure is dissipat$ by a sl[ fire1 ! sub/ance be+ con/antly /irr$1 until at l5g? x is =m$ into gra9s ab\t ! size ( sago 7#bff74 ,^! become h>d by keep+1 & are ! pure/ & mo/ :olesome "p ( ! cassava4 ,! roots ( ano!r species ( ?is %rub1 call$ sweet cassava1 are usually eat5 ) butt]1 & m]ely aft] be+ roa/$ 9 hot a%es4 ,!y h mu* ! flav\r ( *esnuts1 & are an agreeable & nutritive food4 #beb4 ,! ,,tall[ ,,tree 7,croton sebif]um7 is a native ( ,*9a1 & 9 habit some:at resembles a *]ry-tree1 b has %9+ egg-%ap$1 & po9t$ leaves1 t =m tufts at ! extremity ( ! bran*es4 ,! fruit ( ?is tree1 f :i* ! ,*9ese obta9 a k9d ( tall[ = ! manufacture ( c&les1 is enclos$ 9 a husk1 n mu* unlike t ( ! *esnut1 & consi/s ( ?ree r\nd :ite k]nels4 ,all ! prep>ation t is requisite is to melt ^! k]nels1 add+ a little oil1 to r5d] !m s(t] & m pliant ?an !y w\ld o!rwise be4 ,! c&les made f ?is sub/ance are v :ite1 b are sometimes col\r$ by add+ a little v]milion4 ,!y are m firm ?an ^? ( tall[1 b n equal 9 quality to c&les ei!r ( wax or sp]maceti4 ,! wicks t are us$ are n1 l ours1 made ( cotton1 b consi/ ( little rods ( light1 dry wood1 ) ! pi? ( a ru% entw9$ r\nd !m4 #bec4 ,,indian ,,rubb]1 or ,,ca\t*\c1 is ! dri$ juice ( a l>ge & mu* bran*$ tree 7,siphonia ela/ica1 ,fig4 #fj71 :i* gr[s 9 ,guiana1 & o!r p>ts ( ,s\? ,am]ica4 ,?is tree has some:at oval leaves1 entire1 ve9$1 & smoo?1 arrang$ 9 ?rees1 & on long foot-/alks4 ,! fl[]s are small1 9 bun*es1 ne> ! ends ( ! bran*es1 & ! fruit is triangul>4 ,x 0 n until ab\t ! ye> #agcf1 t ?is v extraord9>y natural production 0 made kn[n 9 ,europe4 ,x is obta9$ by mak+ incisions ?r\gh ! b>k ( ! tree1 *iefly 9 wet wea!r4 ,f ! w\nds ?us =m$ ! juice fl[s abundantly4 ,x is ( milky-:ite col\r1 & is conduct$ by a tube or leaf1 support$ by clay1 into a vessel plac$ to receive x4 ,"s writ]s ass]t t1 on m]e exposure to ! air1 x gradually h>d5s2 & o!rs t1 = ?is purpose1 x goes ?r\gh a c]ta9 process1 :i* ! ,indians keep a pr(\nd secret4 ,x is usually br\ght to ,europe 9 ! %ape ( pe>-%ap$ bottles1 :i* are =m$ by spread+ ! juice ov] a m\ld ( clay4 ,^! are expos$ to a d5se smoke1 or to a fire1 till !y become s dry z n to /ick to ! f+]s2 & !n1 by c]ta9 in/rum5ts ( iron or wood1 !y are ornam5t$ on ! outside ) v>i\s figures4 ,?is done1 ! clay 9 ! inside is moi/5$ ) wat] & pick$ out4 ,indian rubb] is rem>kable = ! flexibility & ela/icity :i* x acquires on atta9+ a solid /ate2 & also = ! num]\s useful purposes to :i* x is capable ( be+ appli$4 ,by ! ,indians x is sometimes =m$ into boots1 :i* are imp5etrable by wat]1 & :i*1 :5 smok$1 h ! appe>ance ( lea!r4 ,bottles are made ( x1 to ^: necks are fa/5$ holl[ re$s1 ?r\gh :i* ! liquor conta9$ 9 !m c be squirt$ at pleasure4 ,"o ( ^!1 fill$ ) wat]1 is always pres5t$ to ea* ( ! gue/s at _! ent]ta9m5ts4 ,flambeaux are likewise =m$ ( ?is sub/ance1 :i* give a v brilliant light2 & x is said t a tor* ( ,indian rubb]1 an in* & a half 9 diamet]1 & two feet long1 w burn twelve h\rs4 ,! inhabitants ( ,quito prep>e a species ( oil-clo? ) ! h>d5$ juice ( ?is tree4 ,! pr9cipal uses to :i* ,indian rubb] is appli$ by u are1 = ! effac+ ( black-lead m>ks2 = flexible syr+es1 tubes1 & o!r in/rum5ts us$ by surgeons & *emi/s2 & = ! =mation1 by means ( turp5t9e or l9se$ oil1 ( a v>ni% = air-balloons4 ,v>i\s exp]im5ts h be5 made to dissolve ?is sub/ance1 s t x may assume its naturally ela/ic /ate1 "u any figure t may be requir$4 ,?is has be5 effect$ by means ( e!r1 b ! process is too exp5sive = common use4 ,a simple me?od ( =m+ tubes ( x is to split a piece ( cane & to put betwe5 ! pieces a slip ( :alebone4 ,if ! ,indian rubb] be cut into slips1 & twi/$ closely r\nd ! cane1 & ! heat ( boil+ wat] be appli$1 ! :ole w become unit$ into "o piece or tube1 f :i* ! :alebone fir/1 & aft]w>ds ! cane1 may easily be sep>at$4 ,x has be5 prov$ t clo? ( all k9ds may be made imp5etrable by wat]1 if impregnat$ ) ! fre% juice ( ! ,indian rubb] tree2 & t boots1 gloves1 & o!r articles1 made ( clo? ?us prep>$1 may be jo9$ )\t sew+1 & only by moi/5+ ! edges ) ! juice4 ,^! are n only m durable1 b reta9 _! %ape bett] ?an su* z are made ( ! juice )\t any connect+ sub/ance4 ,x has lately be5 asc]ta9$ t1 9 ,pr9ce ( ,wales's ,isl&1 & also 9 ,sumatra1 !re are trees ( a class & ord] totally diff]5t f t above describ$1 :i* yield a juice simil> to ?is1 & applicable to all ! same purposes4 #bed4 ,! ,,ca/or-,,oil ,,plant 7,ric9us palma *ri/i7 is a native bo? ( ! ,ea/ & ,we/ ,indies1 & has a /em f five to fifte5 or sixte5 feet 9 height1 & l>ge blui%-gre5 leaves1 divid$ into sev5 lobes1 s]rat$ & po9t$1 ! foot/alks long1 & ins]t$ into ! disk4 ,! fl[]s are produc$ 9 a t]m9at+ spike1 & ! se$-vessels are cov]$ ) sp9es1 & conta9 ea* ?ree flatti% oblong se$s4 ,x is to ! se$s ( ?is plant t we are indebt$ = ! drug call$ ca/or-oil4 ,?is is sometimes obta9$ by press+ ! se$s1 9 ! same way z is practis$ ) respect to oil ( almonds 7#aeb74 ,b ! mode *iefly adopt$ 9 ! ,we/ ,indies1 :5ce we pr9cipally import x1 is fir/ to /rip ! se$s ( _! husks or pods1 & !n to bruise !m 9 a mort>2 aft]w>ds !y are ti$ 9 l95 bags1 & boil$ 9 wat] until ! oil :i* !y conta9 rises to ! surface2 ?is is c>efully skimm$ (f1 /ra9$ to free x f any accid5tal impurities1 & bottl$ = use4 ,! oil :i* is obta9$ by boil+ is consid]$ m mild ?an t obta9$ by pressure1 b x soon] becomes rancid4 ,! milde/ & f9e/ ( ! ,jamaica ca/or-oil is limpid1 ne>ly col\rless1 & has sc>cely m ta/e or smell ?an good olive-oil4 ,! uses ( ca/or-oil 9 m$ic9e are well kn[n4 ,! plant is suffici5tly h>dy to gr[ & rip5 its se$s 9 ! op5 gr\nd ( g>d5s1 9 ! s\? ( ,engl&4 ---- ,,class ,,xxii4--,,dioecia4 ---- ,,di&ria4 #bee4 ,,will[1 ,,osi]1 or ,,)y4--,( ?is v ext5sive tribe ne>ly fifty di/9ct species h be5 discov]$ 9 our own isl&4 ,! sl5d] bran*es ( _m ( ^! are appli$ to useful purposes1 b p>ticul>ly = mak+ baskets1 bird-cages1 & :at is call$ wick]-"w2 spr+les = fa/5+ d[n ?at*1 :eels or traps = cat*+ lob/]s & eels2 hoops & crates4 ,! wood is useful = ! h&les ( hat*ets1 prongs1 spades1 & o!r rural implem5ts2 & also furni%es %oemak]s ) cutt+ & :ett+ bo>ds1 on :i* !y cut lea!r & %>p5 ! edges ( _! knives4 ,z will[s g5]ally fl\ri% 9 wet situations1 "s ( ! species are plant$ ) a view to prev5t ! banks ( riv]s & brooks f be+ wa%$ away by floods4 ,! b>k ( "s k9ds ( will[ has be5 appli$1 ) effect1 z a sub/itute = ,p]uvian b>k1 9 ! cure ( int]mitt5t fev]s4 ,x has also be5 e/eem$ useful 9 ! tann+ ( lea!r2 &1 9 comb9ation ) ald]1 = /rik+ a deep black col\r1 9 ! dye+ ( l954 ,! b>k ( o!r species may be manufactur$ into pap]4 ,9 ! ye> #aghh1 ,mr4 ,greaves ( ,milbank1 ne> ,w>r+ton1 ,lanca%ire1 made fifte5 reams ( co>se pap] f ! b>k ( )5 twigs1 int]mix$ ) a few nettles4 ,! latt]1 h[ev]1 he aft]w>ds discov]$1 w\ld bett] h be5 left out1 z !re 0 9 !m a woody sub/ance1 :i* does n well incorporate ) o!r vegetables4 ,! pap] he made 0 consid]ably *eap] ?an pap] ( equal size & ?ickness made f ropes2 & x 0 f\nd t pa/ebo>d1 = book cov]s1 made ( )5 b>k1 w\ld be mu* *eap] ?an simil> pa/ebo>d manufactur$ f ropes4 ,! process by :i* ?is pap] & pa/ebo>d 7 manufactur$ 0 z foll[s2 ! b>k 0 /ripp$ f ! twigs 9 ,septemb]1 ! "t at :i* !y are usually cut = mak+ :ite baskets2 x 0 !n hackl$1 l flax or hemp1 & dri$ 9 ! sun1 :i* gave x some:at ! appe>ance ( br[n hemp3 b ?is hav+ be5 att5d$ ) consid]able tr\ble1 o!r p>ts ( ! b>k 7 dri$ ) ! leaves1 z !y 7 /ripp$ (f f ! twigs1 & 7 !n submitt$ to ! op]ation ( ! pap]-mill4 ,! fl[]+ bran*es ( "o species1 ! common sall[ 7,salix c9]ia71 are call$ palms1 & are ga!r$ by *ildr51 9 _m p>ts ( ,engl&1 on ,palm ,sunday4 ,,tri&ria4 #bef4 ,,nutmegs are ! k]nels ( a fruit produc$ 9 sev]al isl&s ( ! ,ea/ ,indies4 ,!y are ea* surr\nd$ by ! spice call$ mace1 &1 ext]nally1 by a husk ab\t half an in* 9 ?ickness1 :i* has some:at ! appe>ance ( a small pea* 7,fig4 #hj74 ,! nutmeg-tree 7,myri/ica aromatica7 is n unlike our *]ry-tree1 bo? 9 gr[? & size4 ,its leaves are ne>ly oval1 b po9t$1 wav$1 obliquely n]v$1 ( bright gre5 col\r above1 & :iti% b5ea?4 ,! fl[]s are small1 & hang ^u sl5d] /alks4 ,:5 ?is fruit is ne>ly ripe ! husk op5s at ! end1 & exposes a net-"w ( sc>let mace4 ,und]nea? ! mace is a black %ell1 ab\t z ?ick z t ( a filb]t1 & v h>d2 & 9 ?is is conta9$ ! nutmeg4 ,! ga!r+ ( nutmegs is p]=m$ by p]sons :o asc5d ! trees = t purpose1 & pull ! bran*es to !m ) long hooks4 ,! husks are /ripp$ (f 9 ! woods1 & ! rema9+ "p ( ! fruit1 ) its surr\nd+ mace1 is tak5 home4 ,aft] ! mace has be5 c>efully /ripp$ (f1 ) a small knife1 ! nuts1 :i* are /ill cov]$ ) _! woody %ell1 are dri$1 fir/ 9 ! sun1 & !n ^u a frame ( split bamboos plac$ ov] a sl[ fire1 until1 :5 %ak51 ! k]nels are he>d to rattle )9 ! %ells4 ,^! n[ easily fly to pieces :5 beat5 ) small /icks2 & ! nutmegs1 be+ tak5 out1 are soak$ 9 sea-wat] & lime1 & are !n ?r[n 9 great numb]s toge!r to heat1 by :i* _! vegetat+ pr9ciple is de/roy$4 ,! nutmegs are f9ally sort$ into p>cels1 accord+ to _! quality1 & pack$ 9 bags = sale & exportation4 ,! nutmegs v5d$ at ! ,ea/ ,india ,company's sales 9 #ahjd1 am\nt$ 9 weight to #aag1icf p\nds1 & produc$ #ed1gccl4 exclusive ( ! duties4 ,?is k9d ( spice has long be5 employ$ bo? = cul9>y & m$ic9al purposes4 ,di/ill$ ) wat]1 nutmegs af=d a l>ge portion ( ess5tial oil1 :i* resembles1 9 flav\r1 ! spice itself4 ,:5 heat$ & press$ !y yield a consid]able quantity ( limpid yell[ oil4 ,9 ! %ops a ?ick & fragrant k9d is sold1 :i*1 ?\gh call$ oil ( mace1 is1 9 reality1 express$ f ! nutmeg4 ,! be/ oil ( ?is description is import$ f ! ,ea/ ,indies1 9 /one j>s4 ,oil ( nutmegs is *iefly made f ! imp]fect fruit1 & su* z w\ld be unfit = ! ,european m>ket4 ,mace1 or ! cov]+ ( ! nutmeg1 t lies betwixt ! out] coat & ! %ell1 is an unctu\s membrane1 fir/ ( a light r$1 & aft]w>ds1 :5 dri$1 & z we see x1 ( yell[i% col\r4 ,aft] x is tak5 f ! %ell x is expos$ to ! sun1 !n moi/5$ ) sea-wat]1 & f9ally s f> dri$ z to all[ ( its be+ pack$ 9 bales = exportation4 ,9 ^! x is press$ closely d[n1 by :i* its fragrance & peculi> qualities are pres]v$4 ,mace is liable to seizure if import$ 9 packages ( less ?an #cjj p\nds' weight4 ,we usually see x 9 flakes ea* ab\t an in* 9 l5g?1 & pres5t+ a great v>iety ( ramifications4 ,?is spice has a v fragrant & agreeable od\r1 &1 to mo/ p]sons1 a pleasant1 ?\gh some:at acrid1 ta/e4 ,x possesses ne>ly all ! virtues ( ! nutmeg1 b ) less a/r+5cy2 &1 l t1 is employ$ 9 num]\s ways1 bo? 9 cul9>y prep>ations & m$ic9e4 ,9 ! isl& ( ,b&a x is sometimes cu/om>y to boil ! entire fruit ( ! nutmeg-tree1 & aft]w>ds to pres]ve x 9 syrup1 & also to pickle x 9 spic$ v9eg>1 9 ne>ly ! same mann] z we pickle walnuts4 ,9 sev]al p>ts ( ! ,ea/ ! inhabitants pres]ve ! out] husk ( ! nutmeg z a sweetmeat1 or eat x /ew$ ) o!r food4 #beg4 ,! ,,date is a fruit %ap$ some:at l a l>ge acorn1 & cov]$ ext]nally ) a yell[i% membrane or sk91 :i* conta9s a f9e1 s(t1 & sweeti% pulp1 &1 9 ! c5tre1 an oblong1 h>d /one4 ,! trees 7,pho5ix dactylif]a7 :i* produce ?is fruit1 gr[ *iefly on ! %ores ( ! ,m$it]ranean1 are =ty feet & upw>ds 9 height1 h an upright /em1 m>k$ ?r\gh _! :ole l5g? ) protub]ances1 & t]m9at$ at ! summit ) a clu/] ( w+$ leaves or bran*es1 ea* eight or n9e feet 9 l5g?4 ,! cultivation ( ! date is att5tively pursu$ on ! ,african coa/ ( ! ,m$it]ranean2 9 sev]al p>ts ( ,p]sia1 ,arabia1 & ev5 9 ,spa94 ,! latt] c\ntry1 h[ev]1 is n suffici5tly w>m to rip5 ! fruit 9 p]fection1 )\t ! con/ant lab\r ( ! cultivator4 ,he is oblig$ to asc5d ! trees1 f "t to "t1 to exam9e ! fl[]s & turn !m t[>ds ! sun4 ,?is is *iefly done 9 ! spr+ ( ! ye>2 &1 dur+ ! mon? ( ,augu/1 ano!r & mu* m dang]\s op]ation is requisite1 namely1 to tie all ! bran*es into "o bundle1 & cov] !m ov] ) broom4 ,to make ?is bundle1 ! p]son employ$ is oblig$ to leap1 z x 71 ov] ! flexible bran*es1 = ! purpose ( surr\nd+ & unit+ !m ) a cord4 ,?is op]ation ov]1 he places a ladd] at ! bottom ( ! tree1 on :i* he /&s to make a second b&2 he !n places 8 ladd] on ?is second b&1 asc5ds & ties ! top ) a ?ird cord4 ,8 bundle be+ =m$1 he ?r[s d[n 8 in/rum5ts1 replaces 8 ladd] by a gradation contr>y to ! =m]1 & desc5ds1 f b& to b&1 to ! /em ( ! tree1 d[n :i* he slides to ! bottom4 ,among ! ,africans & ,egyptians ! date con/itutes a pr9cipal article ( food1 &1 z su*1 x is consid]$ bo? :olesome & nutritive4 ,its "n is a ^w1 =m$ ( dacte or dactylus1 imply+ a f+]1 f an imag9>y resemblance :i* ?is fruit has to ! end ( ! f+]4 ,al?\gh dates1 9 g5]al1 are ( yell[i% col\r1 "s are black1 "s :ite1 & o!rs br[n3 "s also are sweet1 & o!rs bitt]4 ,! be/ are call$ royal dates1 & are import$ into ?is c\ntry f ,tunis4 ,ea* tree produces t5 or twelve bun*es ( fruit1 :i*1 :5 ga!r$1 are hung up 9 a dry place1 until s mu* ( _! moi/ure is evaporat$ z to all[ ( _! be+ pack$ 9 boxes = exportation4 ,ne>ly all ! p>ts ( ! date-tree are useful4 ,! wood1 ?\gh ( spongy texture1 is employ$ = ! beams & raft]s ( h\ses1 & = implem5ts ( husb&ry1 :i* are said to be v durable4 ,! pi? ( ! "y trees is eat51 z well z ! "y & t5d] leaves4 ,f ! old leaves & _! /alks ! wom5 & *ildr5 ( ,val5cia make mats1 baskets1 & o!r ut5sils2 & f o!r filam5t\s p>ts1 ropes & diff]5t k9ds ( cordage are manufactur$4 ,a consid]able traffic is c>ri$ on 9 ^! leaves1 :i*1 "u ! "n ( palms1 are s5t to ,italy1 to be us$ 9 ! gr& religi\s c]emonies ( ,palm ,sunday4 ,9 ,p]sia an ard5t _s is di/ill$ f ! fruit2 &1 9 _m places1 ! /ones are gr\nd to make oil1 & ! pa/e t is left is giv5 z food to cattle & %eep4 ,,p5t&ria4 #beh4 ,,ma/ic is a res9\s sub/ance1 obta9$ f a l[ tree or %rub 7,pi/acia l5tiscus7 :i* gr[s 9 ! ,levant4 ,x has alt]nate w+$ leaves1 consi/+ ( sev]al pairs ( spe>-%ap$ leaflets1 & spikes ( v small fl[]s1 :i* issue f ! junction ( ! leaves ) ! bran*es4 ,! mode 9 :i* ?is res9 is obta9$ is by mak+ incisions across ! tree 9 diff]5t p>ts4 ,f ^! ! juice exudes 9 drops1 t are suff]$ to run ^u ! gr\nd1 & !re to rema9 until !y are suffici5tly h>d to be collect$ = use4 ,! season = ?is process comm5ces 9 ! dry wea!r at ! beg9n+ ( ,augu/1 & la/s until ! end ( ,septemb]4 ,! be/ ma/ic is t import$ f ! isl& ( ,scio4 ,we receive x 9 semi-transp>5t gra9s ( yell[i% col\r4 ,^! emit an agreeable smell :5 heat$2 &1 :5 *ew$1 !y fir/ crumble1 & aft]w>ds /ick toge!r1 & become s(t & :ite l wax4 ,) ! ,turki% wom5 x is cu/om>y to *ew ?is res9 = ! purpose ( r5d]+ _! brea? agreeable1 & "u a notion also t x t5ds to make _! tee? :ite1 & to /r5g!n ! gums4 ,!y also mix x 9 fragrant wat]s1 & burn x ) o!r odorif]\s sub/ances1 by way ( p]fume4 ,x 0 =m]ly mu* us$ 9 m$ic9e1 z a rem$y aga9/ pa9 9 ! tee? & gums2 &1 dissolv$ 9 _s ( w9e1 z a relief 9 ob/9ate & long cont9u$ c\ghs3 b x is n[ almo/ :olly disus$ = ^! purposes2 & is *iefly employ$ 9 ! composition ( v>ni%1 & by d5ti/s1 = fill+ up ! cavities ( decay$ tee?4 ,! wood ( ! ma/ic-tree is import$ 9 ?ick knotty pieces1 cov]$ ext]nally ) an a%-col\r$ b>k4 ,?is wood is acc\nt$ a mild1 balsamic a/r+5t2 & a prep>ation ( x1 "u ! "n ( aurum potabile1 is /rongly recomm5d$1 by "s ( ! ,g]man writ]s1 9 c\ghs1 nausea1 & weakness ( ! /oma*4 #bei4 ,,hemp is ! fibr\s "p ( ! /alks ( a plant 7,cannabis sativa1 ,fig4 #hb7 :i* gr[s wild 9 ! ,ea/ ,indies1 & is mu* cultivat$ 9 diff]5t p>ts ( ,europe4 ,x has ! l[] leaves 9 sl5d] f+]-l divisions2 ! male fl[]s 9 small loose spikes1 at ! end ( ! /em & bran*es2 & ! female fl[]s s+le1 at ! junction ( ! leaves & /em4 ,! pr9cipal c\ntry = hemp1 z an article ( comm]ce1 is ,russia1 few o!r c\ntries ( ,europe gr[+ a quantity suffici5t = _! own consumption4 ,x is cultivat$ 9 "s p>ts ( ,brita91 b p>ticul>ly 9 ! c\nties ( ,suffolk & ,norfolk4 ,! soil be/ adapt$ to x is a moi/ b loose s&y loam1 or ! black m\ld ( l[ l&s ne> wat]4 ,! se$ is s[n 9 ,april or ,may2 & ! plants1 :i* atta9 ! height ( five or six feet1 are 9 a /ate to be pull$ up 9 ?ree or f\r mon?s2 ! male plant1 or fimble hemp1 z x is call$1 be+ ready "s "t be=e ! female plants1 :i* h ! "n ( k>le or se$-hemp4 ,z soon z ! hemp is pull$1 x is ti$ 9 bundles & set up to dry2 &1 at ! end ( ab\t t5 days1 ! bundles are loos5$ at ! top1 & ! heads are held ^u a hurdle by "o p]son1 :il/ ano!r1 ) a small ?re%+-flail1 beats out ! se$4 ,9 ! prep>ation ( hemp = ! manufactur] two modes are pursu$4 ,"o ( ^! is to spread x out on /ubble or pa/ure gr\nd1 t ! fibr\s p>ts may be r5d]$ sep>able by ! gradual op]ation ( ! wea!r2 ! o!r is to imm]se ! bundles1 = "s days1 9 /agnant wat]4 ,! next process consi/s 9 sep>at+ ! b>k1 or hemp1 f ! /alks3 ?is is effect$ ei!r by pull+ out ! /alk ) ! h&1 or by ma*9]y simil> to t adopt$ 9 ! prep>ation ( flax 7#ig74 ,aft] "s o!r op]ations ! hemp is beat5 9 mills1 & !n comb$ or dress$ by draw+ x ?r\gh in/rum5ts call$ hackles1 :i* are some:at simil> to ! combs ( wool-manufactur]s4 ,?us prep>$1 ! hemp is spun into ?read1 :i* is made into tw9e1 ropes1 & cordage ( e description2 & wov5 into canvas1 & /rong clo? ( v>i\s k9ds4 ,inde$ s great is ! importance ( ?is production1 p>ticul>ly = ! cordage1 cables1 & ! rigg+ ( %ips1 t1 to enc\rage its gr[?1 an act ( p>liam5t 0 pass$ 9 #aghc1 direct+ a b\nty ( ?ree p5ce p] /one to be paid on all hemp rais$ 9 ,great ,brita92 & impos+ heavy duties on hemp import$ f =eign c\ntries4 ,f hemp-se$ a valuable k9d ( oil is procur$1 by pressure1 :i* is peculi>ly adapt$ = burn+1 z x is p]fectly limpid & )\t smell3 x is also us$ = mak+ ! soap call$ gre5 soap4 ,! se$s !mselves are sometimes employ$ 9 ! fe$+ ( p\ltry1 f a notion t !y cause ! h5s to lay a great] numb] ( eggs ?an !y o!rwise w\ld d4 ,!y are also giv5 z food to s++ birds2 b1 if 9 great quantity1 !y are suppos$ to injure ! plumage4 ,! /alks1 aft] ! hemp is tak5 f !m1 af=d an excell5t fuel4 ,! wat] 9 :i* hemp has be5 soak$ is 9 a high degree poison\s4 #bfj4 ,,hops are ! dri$ fl[]-buds ( a climb+ ,briti% plant 7,humulus lupulus1 ,fig4 #ha71 ) a r\gh & angul> /em1 & leaves g5]ally 9 ?ree or five lobes or divisions1 & s]rat$4 ,al?\gh hops gr[ wild1 9 great abundance1 on h$ges 9 sev]al p>ts ( ! s\? ( ,engl&1 !re is reason to suppose t _! use 0 fir/ made kn[n f ! ,cont95t 9 ! reign ( ,h5ry ! ,eigh?4 ,a hop plantation requires ! gr[? ( "s ye>s be=e x is 9 p]fection4 ,! plants beg9 to pu% up _! "y /ems ab\t ! mon? ( ,april4 ,:5 ^! are ?ree or f\r in*es above ! gr\nd1 poles ab\t tw5ty feet high are driv5 9 to support !m dur+ _! gr[?4 ,! season = pick+ hops usually comm5ces ab\t ! middle ( ,septemb]4 ,?is "w is p]=m$ by m51 wom51 & *ildr54 ,prop] baskets1 b9s1 or cribs be+ 9 read9ess1 ! plants are cut (f close to ! gr\nd1 & ! poles are drawn up4 ,^! are plac$ ^u ! b9s1 ) ! plants ^u !m1 & ?ree or m p]sons on ea* side1 pick (f ! hops4 ,aft] ?is !y are dri$ 9 a kiln1 &1 :5 dry1 are c>ri$ into1 & kept1 = five or six days1 9 an ap>tm5t call$ ! /[age-room1 until !y are 9 a /ate to be put into bags4 ,?is is done ?r\gh a r\nd hole1 or trap1 cut 9 ! floor ( ! /[age-room1 exactly equal 9 dim5sions to ! m\? ( ! bag1 & imm$iately "u :i* ?is m\? is fa/5$4 ,9 ea* ( ! l[] corn]s ( ! bag a small h&ful ( hops is ti$2 & a p]son1 call$ ! pack]1 places himself 9 x1 &1 by a heavy lead5 weight1 :i* he con/antly moves r\nd 9 ! places :]e he is n tread+1 presses & =ces ! hops d[n1 9 a v close mann]1 into ! bag1 z fa/ z !y are ?r[n to him by ano!r lab\r]4 ,! "w ?us proce$s till ! bag is q full1 :5 ea* ( ! upp] corn]s has a few hops ti$ 9 x1 9 ! same mann] z ^? at ! bottom4 ,^! s]ve z h&les = mov+ ! bags4 ,! bag is !n tak5 away1 & its m\? is prop]ly sew$ up & secur$4 ,! hops ( f9e/ col\r & be/ sample are put into bags ( f9] manufacture ?an ! o!rs1 "u ! d5om9ation ( pockets2 & ! inf]ior sorts are pack$ 9 canvas ( co>s] k9d1 call$ bags4 ,:5 ! hop-pick+ is complet$1 ! poles are cle>$ f ! b9ds or plants :i* adh]$ to !m1 & are /ack$ or pil$ toge!r4 ,! b9ds1 :5 p]fectly dri$1 are ei!r /ack$ or plac$ 9 %$s1 to be us$ z fuel 9 ov5s1 or o!rwise4 ,sometimes !y are burnt ^u ! l&1 = ! a%es to s]ve z manure1 trodd5 9 ! f>m-y>d1 or all[$ to be tak5 away by ! lab\r]s = _! own use4 ,z ! hop-plants are liable to be injur$ 9 v>i\s ways dur+ _! gr[?1 !y are consid]$ a v prec>i\s crop4 ,!y suff] f ! attacks ( insects1 f honey-dew1 f blight1 f hot sunny wea!r aft] ra91 & by w9ds & /orms4 ,! pr9cipal use ( hops1 9 brew+1 is = ! pres]vation ( malt liquor1 & to communicate to x an agreeably aromatic bitt] flav\r4 ,! be/ hops are us$ = ale & ! f9] k9ds ( malt liquor1 & inf]ior k9ds are us$ = port]4 ,! od\r ( hops hung ov] a b$1 or a pill[ /uff$ ) hops1 has be5 said to promote sleep1 aft] ! application ( opium has fail$4 ,! "y %oots & tops are (t5 ga!r$ f ! h$ges1 by poor p1 & boil$ & eat5 9 ! mann] ( asp>agus4 ,( ! woody "p ( ! hop-b9ds1 aft] hav+ be5 /eep$ 9 wat]1 & work$ into a pulp1 a co>se k9d ( pap] may be made4 ,,hex&ria4 #bfa4 ,,yams are an ,am]ican & ,we/ ,indian root ( v irregul> %ape1 :i* possess prop]ties some:at simil> to ^? ( ! potatoe1 b !y are less mealy1 &1 9 a raw /ate1 are v visc\s4 ,! plants 7,dioscorea bulbif]a7 :i* produce ^! roots h he>t-%ap$ leaves1 & a /em t creeps along ! gr\nd l ivy4 ,9 "s ( ! ri* l&s ( ,s\? ,am]ica1 yams are said to gr[ to ! weight ( fifty or sixty p\nds ea*2 & are s productive t an acre ( gr\nd plant$ ) !m has be5 kn[n to produce roots to ! weight ( f #bj1jjj to #cj1jjj p\nds4 ,yams are propagat$ by sett+ ! eyes1 9 ! same mann] z we plant potatoes2 &1 9 six or eight mon?s1 !y arrive at maturity4 ,:5 !y are dug out ( ! gr\nd1 !y are1 = a little :ile1 expos$ to ! sun to dry2 & if1 aft] ?is1 !y be pack$ 9 casks full ( dry s&1 !y may be pres]v$1 )\t injury1 = _m mon?s4 ,!y are consequ5tly (t5 us$ z sea-/ore = vessels ab\t to sail on long voyages1 & are frequ5tly br\ght into ,engl&4 ,sev]al attempts h be5 made to cultivate yams 9 ?is isl&2 & ^! h be5 att5d$ ) a c]ta9 degree ( success 9 ! c\nties ( ,mid-,lo?ian1 ,p]?1 & ,/irl+ 9 ,scotl&1 :]e !y are us$ = ! fe$+ ( cattle4 ,!re are two k9ds1 "o r$1 & ! o!r :ite4 ,! =m] ( ^! conta9 a m nutritive food ?an ! latt]1 ?\gh _! flav\r is mu* less excell5t4 ,) ! negroes1 9 ! ,we/ ,indian isl&s1 ! yam is a v important article ( food4 ,:5 roa/$1 x is s :olesome & nutritive t x is pref]r$ by !m ev5 to bread4 ,l potatoes1 yams may be conv]t$ into bread1 by mixture ) a portion ( :eat or b>ley fl\r4 ,!y are sometimes made into s\p1 pudd+s1 & o!r useful di%es4 ,,oct&ria4 #bfb4 ,! ,,abele1 or ,,great ,,:ite ,,popl>-,,tree 7,populus alba1 ,fig4 #gd71 is a ,briti% tree :i* gr[s 9 h$ges & woods1 ne> brooks1 & is kn[n by its leaves be+ ne>ly triangul>1 irregul>ly jagg$ at ! edges1 & cottony und]nea?4 ,! quickness ( gr[? ( ?is tree is s great t x w sometimes make %oots f eighte5 to tw5ty feet 9 l5g? 9 "o ye>2 & ! trees atta9 _! full gr[? 9 ! c\rse ( tw5ty ye>s4 ,! wood is :ite & s(t1 b t\gh & ( close gra91 & n subject to w>p or %r9k4 ,h5ce x has be5 f\nd useful = ! floor+ ( rooms1 & = mak+ la?s & pack+ boxes4 ,= turn]y w>e x is pref]r$ to mo/ o!r k9ds ( wood1 on acc\nt ( its peculi> :it5ess1 & ! ease ) :i* x is work$ 9 ! la!4 ,( ?is wood1 says ,evelyn1 p also made %ields ( def5ce1 9 sword & buckl] days4 ,! b>k ( ! abele-tree is said to be s]viceable z a rem$y 9 int]mitt5t fev]s2 & ,dioscorides in=ms u t if x be *opp$ small & s[$ 9 rills1 well & ri*ly manur$1 x w yield a pl5tiful crop ( mu%rooms4 #bfc4 ,! ,,asp51 or ,,trembl+ ,,popl> 7,populus tremula71 is a tree :i* gr[s 9 moi/ woods2 has ne>ly circul> leaves1 too!d & angul> at ! edges1 smoo? on bo? sides1 & atta*$ to foot/alks s long & sl5d] z to be %ak5 by ! slighte/ w9d4 ,!re is sc>cely any situation 9 :i* ! asp5 w n fl\ri%1 b x succe$s be/ :]e ! soil is moi/ & gravelly4 ,its wood is light1 por\s1 s(t1 & ( :ite col\r2 &1 ?\gh inf]ior 9 excell5ce to t ( ! :ite popl>1 is applicable to _m useful purposes1 p>ticul>ly = field-gates1 ! frames ( pack-saddles1 = milk-pails1 clogs1 & ! wood-"w ( patt]ns4 ,x is improp] = b$/eads1 z x is liable to be infe/$ by bugs4 ,9 "s c\ntries ! b>k ( ! "y trees is made into tor*es4 #bfd4 ,! ,,black ,,popl> 7,populus nigra1 ,fig4 #ge7 is a native tree ( ?is c\ntry1 kn[n by its some:at tr[el-%ap$ leaves1 :i* tap] to a po9t1 & are s]rat$1 & smoo? on bo? sides4 ,?is tree gr[s rapidly1 & atta9s a consid]able size4 ,its wood is s(t & light1 & 9 "s respects useful to engrav]s2 & is occasionally saw$ into bo>ds1 ?\gh ^! are n 9 g5]al mu* e/eem$4 ,! b>k is s ?ick & light t x is n unfrequ5tly us$ by fi%]m5 z buoys or floats to support _! nets4 ,! inhabitants ( ,kamts*atka dry & pulv]ise ! inn] r9d ( ! black popl>-tree1 & use x z an +r$i5t 9 bread4 ,! buds1 :5 !y fir/ appe>1 are cov]$ ) & conta9 a visc\s & fragrant juice1 :i* may be advantage\sly us$ 9 pla/]s4 #bfe4 ,! ,,lomb>dy or ,,italian ,,popl> 7,populus dilatata7 gr[s wild 9 ,lomb>dy & ! nor!rn p>ts ( ,italy1 & is di/+ui%$ by its some:at tr[el-%ap$ & s]rat$ leaves1 be+ smoo? on bo? sides1 & wid] ?an !y are long4 ,f its sl5d] & p]p5dicul> gr[? ! ,lomb>dy popl> is f\nd useful = hop-poles1 & may be =m$ into ma/s = small vessels4 ,! wood1 :i* is s(t & free f knots1 is employ$ by jo9]s1 c>p5t]s1 & c>twrights4 ,x is recomm5d$ z peculi>ly valuable = ! floors ( gran>ies1 "s p]sons believ+ x s obnoxi\s to insects t weevils w n cont9ue 9 su* gran>ies4 ,x may be wr\ght into v flexible %afts = c>riages1 or felloes = :eels2 &1 n be+ liable to split1 is peculi>ly adapt$ = pack+ cases4 ,! gr[? ( ?is tree is s rapid1 & ! space ( gr\nd :i* x occupies is s small1 t x is 9 almo/ univ]sal reque/ z an ornam5tal tree1 9 places t are n suffici5tly spaci\s to admit ( trees ( m spread+ =m4 ,,poly&ria4 #bff4 ,,sago is a granulat$ prep>ation f ! pi? ( a species ( palm-tree 7,cycas circ9alis7 :i* gr[s 9 ,india & ,africa4 ,?is tree atta9s ! height ( ?irty or =ty feet2 has a /raight & some:at sl5d] /em1 & w+$ leaves at ! summit1 ea* sev5 or eight feet long1 ) ! leaflets long & n>r[4 ,! prep>ation ( sago1 "u diff]5t =ms1 con/itutes a pr9cipal s\rce ( employm5t to ! inhabitants ( _m p>ts ( ! coa/ ( ,malab>1 z well z ^? ( sev]al ( ! isl&s ( ! ,ea/ ,indies4 ,! trunk ( ! sago-tree conta9s a f>9ace\s pi?1 to obta9 :i* x is sawn into pieces4 ,aft] ! pi? is tak5 out1 x is beat5 9 mort>s1 &1 wat] be+ p\r$ ^u ! mass1 ?is is all[$ to /& = "s h\rs to settle2 aft] :i* x is /ra9$ ?r\gh a co>se clo?1 &1 ! f9e/ p>ticles runn+ ?r\gh ) ! wat]1 ! gross] ones are left beh9d & ?r[n away1 or wa%$ ov] a hair sieve ?r\gh :i* only ! edible p>ts c pass4 ,^! are all[$ to subside4 ,! wat] is !n p\r$ (f1 & ! fl\r1 be+ prop]ly dri$1 is made into cakes & bak$ = use1 or is granulat$ 9 a mann] some:at simil> to t adopt$ 9 ! prep>ation ( tapioca 7#bea74 ,x is 9 ! latt] /ate t sago is import$ into ,europe1 :]e x is mu* us$ z a n\ri%+ & agreeable diet = sick p]sons1 9 pudd+s & o!r cul9>y prep>ations4 #bfg4 ,! ,,common ,,junip] 7,junip]us communis7 is an ev]gre5 %rub1 ) sl5d] & po9t$ leaves1 t gr[s on hea?s 9 sev]al p>ts ( ! s\? ( ,engl&4 ,! leaves gr[ 9 ?rees2 ea* is tipp$ ) a sp9e1 & is long] ?an ! ripe fruit1 :i* is a blacki% purple b]ry4 ,junip] b]ries are at fir/ gre52 & !y cont9ue ^u ! trees two ye>s be=e !y become ripe & assume _! purple col\r4 ,:5 ripe !y h a sweeti% aromatic ta/e4 ,! ,sw$es prep>e1 f ^! b]ries1 a bev]age :i* !y consid] useful z a m$ic9e2 & 9 "s p>ts ( ! ,cont95t junip] b]ries are roa/$1 gr\nd1 & adopt$ z a sub/itute = c(fee4 ,9 ,sw$5 !y are eat5 at breakfa/1 9 ! =m ( a cons]ve2 &1 9 ,g]many1 !y are frequ5tly us$ z a cul9>y spice1 & especially = imp>t+ _! peculi> flav\r to s\r cr\t4 ,spirits impregnat$ ) an ess5tial oil di/ill$ f !m h ! "n ( junip] wat] or g94 ,b x is a common practice to adopt _s ( turp5t9e 7#bdf7 in/ead ( ?is4 ,junip]-b]ries are import$ into ?is c\ntry f ,holl& & ,italy4 ,_! smell is /rong1 b n disagreeable2 & _! flav\r is w>m1 pung5t1 & sweeti%1 leav+ a bitt] ta/e 9 ! m\?4 ,! ess5tial oil ( ^! b]ries1 if mix$ ) nut-oil 7#bda71 makes an excell5t v>ni% = pictures1 woodwork1 & iron4 ,! wood ( ! junip]-tree is ( r$di% col\r1 v h>d1 & s durable t x w la/ m ?an a hundr$ ye>s )\t decay4 ,x is employ$ 9 v5e]+1 = mak+ cab9ets1 & = ornam5tal furniture4 ,*>coal =m$ f x af=ds a heat s la/+1 t live emb]s are said to h be5 f\nd 9 ! a%es ( junip]-trees aft] !y h be5 cov]$ up = m ?an twelve mon?s4 ,su* is ! fibr\s nature ( ! b>k t x may be manufactur$ into ropes & o!r cordage4 ,f ! crevices ( ! b>k1 or ?r\gh p]=ations made 9 x by insects1 a res9\s gum exudes1 :i* has ! "n ( gum s&>a*4 ,?is1 :i* is ( pale yell[i% col\r1 v brittle1 & inflammable1 possesses a pung5t aromatic ta/e1 & emits a fragrant od\r :5 burnt4 ,x is import$ f ! ,cont95t1 9 small pieces or te>s1 ab\t ! size ( peas4 ,:5 p[d]$ & pass$ ?r\gh a f9e sieve1 ?is is ! sub/ance call$ p\nce1 :i* is us$ = rubb+ ^u writ+ pap]1 9 places :]e x has be5 scrat*$4 ,consid]able quantities ( ?is gum are consum$ 9 ! prep>ation ( v>ni%1 & p>ticul>ly ( "o k9d1 us$ by cab9et-mak]s & pa9t]s1 call$ v]nis4 #bfh4 ,! ,,r$ or ,,common ,,c$> is a species ( junip] 7,junip]us virg9iana7 :i* gr[s 9 ,nor? ,am]ica & ! ,we/ ,indies4 ,x is di/+ui%$ by its leaves gr[+ 9 ?rees1 & be+ fix$ by _! base1 ! y\ng] ones ly+ ^u ea* o!r1 & ! old] ones spread+4 ,! wood ( ?is tree is 9 mu* reque/ = ! outsides ( black lead p5cils4 ,x is s(t & incapable ( high poli%1 b1 on acc\nt ( its p[]ful fragrance1 & consequ5tly resi/+ ! attacks ( insects1 x n unfrequ5tly us$ = ! bottoms ( draw]s1 & ! inside ( cab9ets4 ,"s ye>s ago x 0 9 mu* reque/ = wa9scott+ & cab9et "w2 b1 s9ce ! introduction ( mahogany1 x has be5 9 great measure neglect$ = ^! purposes4 #bfi4 ,! ,,yew is a well-kn[n ev]gre5 tree 7,taxus baccata71 :i* has d>k1 n>r[1 po9t$1 & prickly leaves1 & r$ b]ries1 9 ! holl[ "p ( ! extremity ( :i* a gre5 se$ appe>s4 ,! cultivation ( ! yew 0 =m]ly v ext5sive ?r\gh\t ne>ly ! :ole ( ! ,briti% dom9ions1 s9ce ( ! wood ( ?is tree1 :i* is peculi>ly h>d1 smoo?1 & t\gh1 our ance/ors manufactur$ _! b[s4 ,h5ce1 z well z on acc\nt ( its gloomy & fun]eal aspect1 x 0 usually plant$ 9 *ur*y>ds4 ,b1 :5 ! introduction ( fire-arms began to sup]s$e ! use ( ! b[1 ! yew 0 no long] cultivat$ ?an z an ornam5tal tree 9 p>ks & pleasure gr\nds4 ,9 ! =mal /yle ( g>d5+ :i* 0 anci5tly preval5t1 few trees 7 m ! subject ( admiration ?an ?is1 f its be>+ to be clipp$1 )\t injury1 into almo/ any =m4 ,yews 7 cut into ! %ape ( m51 quadrup$s1 birds1 %ips1 & o!r vegetable mon/]s1 b su* absurd fancies h ( late ye>s almo/ :olly disappe>$4 ,^! trees are at pres5t advantage\sly plant$ 9 h$ges1 z a f5ce = or*>ds & %rubb]ies1 :i* no?+ c injure4 ,! wood ( ! yew-tree is h>d1 beautifully ve9$1 & susceptible ( high poli%4 ,h5ce x is valuable z a wood = v5e]+1 & is mu* us$ = c>d boxes1 small cab9ets1 & o!r articles4 ,x is frequ5tly us$ by turn]s & cab9et-mak]s2 & might p]haps be advantage\sly sub/itut$ = box 7#bcb7 by engrav]s & o!r arti/s 9 t wood4 ,f its h>dness & durability1 x may be made into cogs = mill-:eels1 into axle-trees1 & flood-gates = fi%-ponds1 :i* are sc>cely susceptible ( decay4 ,! b]ries are sweet & clammy1 & are (t5 eat5 by *ildr5 )\t inconv5i5ce2 ?\gh :5 eat5 to excess1 & p>ticul>ly if ! /ones be swall[$1 !y are injuri\s4 ,an ard5t _s might no d\bt be obta9$ f !m by di/illation4 ,! leaves ( ! yew-tree are extremely poison\s bo? to ! human species & to cattle4 ---- ,,class ,,xxiii4--,,polygamia4 ---- ,,monoecia4 #bgj4 ,! ,,planta9-,,tree 7,musa p>adisiaca71 :i* is mu* cultivat$ 9 ! ,we/ ,indies & ,s\? ,am]ica1 has a s(t /em1 fifte5 or tw5ty feel high1 ) sev]al leaves on ! summit2 & be>s a fruit ( pale yell[ col\r1 some:at %ap$ l a cucumb]1 ab\t a foot 9 l5g?1 & two in*es ?ick4 ,! leaves are frequ5tly eight feet long1 & m ?an two feet broad1 & are s ?9 & t5d] t !y are (t5 torn by ! w9d4 ,! fruit is produc$ 9 bun*es s l>ge z ea* to weigh =ty p\nds & upw>ds4 ,to ! negroes ( ! ,we/ ,indian isl&s ! planta9 is an invaluable fruit1 &1 l bread to ! ,europeans1 is ) !m d5om9at$ ! /aff ( life4 ,9 ,jamaica alone _m ?\s& acres are plant$ ) ^! trees4 ,?is fruit is usually ga!r$ be=e x is ripe1 &1 aft] ! sk9 has be5 peel$ (f1 is roa/$ = a little :ile 9 a cle> fire2 x is !n scrap$ & eat5 z bread1 = :i* x is an excell5t sub/itute4 ,planta9s are sometimes boil$1 & eat5 ) salt meat2 !y are also cut into slices & fri$1 p\nd$1 & made into pudd+s1 & us$ 9 v>i\s o!r ways4 ,horses1 cattle1 sw9e1 & o!r dome/ic animals1 are fatt5$ ) !m4 ,:5 ripe !y may be eat5 raw1 &1 9 ?is /ate1 !y h some:at ! ta/e ( a ripe pe>4 ,! leaves ( ! planta9-tree1 be+ s(t & smoo?1 are sometimes employ$ z dress+s aft] bli/]s2 &1 :5 gre51 are us$ z food = hogs4 ,! vegetation ( ?is tree is s rapid t if a l9e or ?read be drawn across1 & on a level ) ! top ( "o ( ! leaves1 :5 x beg9s to exp&1 x w be se51 9 ! c\rse ( an h\r1 to h gr[n ne>ly an in*4 #bga4 ,! ,,banana is a valuable plant 7,musa sapi5tum7 :i* gr[s 9 ! ,we/ ,indies & o!r tropical c\ntries1 & has leaves ab\t six feet 9 l5g?1 & a foot broad 9 ! middle2 & fruit f\r or five in*es long1 & ab\t ! %ape ( a cucumb]4 ,:5 ripe1 ! banana is an agreeable fruit1 ) a s(t & lusci\s pulp2 & is frequ5tly introduc$ 9 dess]ts 9 ! ,we/ ,indies4 ,! ,spani>ds h a sup]/iti\s dislike to cut ?is fruit across2 !y always slice x f end to end1 because1 9 ! =m] case1 ! section pres5ts an imag9>y resemblance to ! in/rum5ts ( our ,savi\r's crucifixion4 ,! banana is sometimes fri$ 9 slices z fritt]s4 ,if ! pulp ( ?is fruit be squeez$ ?r\gh a f9e sieve1 x may be =m$ into small loaves1 :i*1 aft] hav+ be5 prop]ly dri$1 may be kept = a great l5g? ( "t4 #bgb4 ,,millet is a small yell[i% se$ ( a grassy plant 7,holcus sorghum71 ) l>ge & compact /alks :i* rise to ! height ( sev5 or eight feet1 & is mu* cultivat$ 9 sev]al p>ts ( ,india & ,africa4 ,9 "s c\ntries millet se$ is gr\nd into fl\r & conv]t$ into bread2 b ?is is br[n & heavy4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 useful 9 o!r respects z food1 & is an excell5t se$ = ! fatt5+ ( p\ltry4 ,a good v9eg> has be5 made f x1 by f]m5tation2 &1 on di/illation1 x yields a /rong _s4 ,millet se$ is import$ into ?is c\ntry f ! ,ea/ ,indies1 = ! purpose *iefly ( pudd+s2 &1 by _m p]sons1 x is pref]r$ to rice4 ,! /alks ( ! millet plant1 if subject$ to ! same process t is adopt$ ) ! sug>-cane1 yield a sweet juice1 f :i* an excell5t k9d ( sug> may be made4 #bgc4 ,,gum ,,arabic is a well-kn[n drug1 obta9$ f a tree 7,mimosa nilotica7 :i* gr[s 9 ,egypt4 ,?is tree has leaves d\bly w+$1 ) sp9es at ! base1 & small fl[]s1 ( globul> %ape1 gr[+ f\r or five toge!r on sl5d] foot/alks4 ,! pr9cipal supply ( gum arabic 9 ?is c\ntry is obta9$ f ,b>b>y1 ,turkey1 & ! ,p]sian ,gulf4 ,! av]age quantity import$ f ! ,p]sian ,gulf1 betwixt #ahjd & #ahjh1 0 ab\t #gejj hundr$ weight p] annum1 & ! price = :i* x 0 v5d$ at ! ,ea/ ,india ,company's sales 0 ab\t #cl4 p] hundr$ weight4 ,x us$ =m]ly to be pack$ 9 sk9s1 b x is n[ br\ght 9 l>ge casks4 ,! trees :i* yield x gr[ abundantly 9 num]\s p>ts ( ,africa & ,asia1 b ! gum does n freely exude f !m except 9 tropical regions4 ,x issues f clefts 9 ! b>k1 9 ! same mann] z ! gum ( ! *]ry & plum trees ( our or*>ds & g>d5s3 &1 by exposure to ! air1 x soon becomes h>d & solid4 ,we are in=m$ t1 9 "s p>ts ( ,egypt1 ! inhabitants procure ?is gum1 by boil+ pieces ( ! roots ( ! trees1 & aft]w>ds sep>at+ x f ! wat]4 ,we receive gum arabic 9 small irregul> masses1 or r\gh pieces1 ( pale yell[i% col\r1 & r\ndi% %ape4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 to be rem>k$1 t1 by f> ! greate/ "p ( ! gum :i* is sold 9 ! %ops "u ?is "n is n su*1 b is ! production ( ano!r species ( tree 7,mimosa ,s5egal71 & is prop]ly call$ gum ,s5egal1 ,! latt] is import$ f ,s5egal1 ,gu9ea1 & o!r p>ts ( ,africa4 ,x is g5]ally se5 9 l>ge r\gh pieces1 ( r\ndi% figure1 & br[ni% hue1 m or less pure2 possesses simil> prop]ties to ! o!r1 & is mu* *eap]4 ,on acc\nt ( _! mucilag9\s qualities1 ^! two k9ds ( gum1 "u ! "n ( gum arabic1 7 =m]ly us$ = sev]al purposes 9 m$ic9e2 &1 9 c\ghs & ho>s5esses1 7 consid]$ ( great s]vice4 ,!y are n[ pr9cipally 9 reque/ by ! manufactur]s ( wat]-col\rs2 by dy]s1 & artific]s ( diff]5t k9ds4 ,9 ,africa ! latt] con/itutes a pr9cipal +r$i5t 9 ! food ( ! inhabitants4 ,!y sometimes dissolve x 9 milk3 & ?is solution ( x is e/eem$ a fav\rite repa/ by "s ( ! tribes4 ,! dri$ juice ( ! unripe fruit ( ,egyptian mimosa is call$ acacia1 & is to ?is day mu* us$ 9 m$ic9e by ! ,egyptians4 ,x is sometimes import$ into ?is c\ntry 9 r\ndi% masses1 wrapp$ 9 ?9 bladd]s2 & is ext]nally ( deep br[n col\r1 & ( a yell[i% or r$di% br[n )94 #bgd4 ,,myrrh is a gummy1 res9\s sub/ance1 obta9$ f a tree :i* gr[s 9 ,abyss9ia1 ,arabia1 & o!r c\ntries ( ! ,ea/1 b respect+ :i* we are hi!rto possess$ ( no c]ta9 acc\nt4 ,mr4 ,bruce1 h[ev]1 imag9$ x to be a species ( mimosa4 ,?is drug is g5]ally import$ 9 a k9d ( gra9s1 ( irregul> =m2 ( br[ni% or r$di% yell[ col\r1 & some:at transp>5t4 ,its smell is aromatic2 & its ta/e is pung5t & bitt]4 ,9 its m$ic9al effects1 myrrh1 :5 tak5 into ! /oma*1 is suppos$ to w>m & /r5g!n x1 & also to /r5g!n ! o!r visc]a4 ,x is believ$ to resi/ putrefaction 9 all p>ts ( ! body2 &1 h5ce1 has be5 recomm5d$ z a m$ic9e 9 malignant1 putrid1 & pe/il5tial fev]s2 & 9 small-pox4 ,at ! ,ea/ ,india ,company's sales ?is drug is sold at ! rate ( ab\t tw5ty p\nds p] hundr$ weight4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 liable to great abuses4 ,! l>g] masses1 9 p>ticul>1 are frequ5tly an artificial composition1 skilfully incru/$ ) a coat ( myrrh4 ,,dioecia4 #bge4 ,,manna is a concrete or dri$ juice1 procur$ f sev]al species ( a%-tree1 b p>ticul>ly f ! ,,fl[]+ ,,a% 7,frax9us ornus1 ,fig4 #gf71 :i* is mu* cultivat$ 9 ,calabria & ,sicily4 ,?is tree some:at resembles ! common a%4 ,x has w+$ leaves1 ) an odd "o at ! end1 ! leaflets oblong1 po9t$1 s]rat$1 & ve9$1 /&+ on foot/alks1 & ( bright gre5 col\r4 ,! fl[]s are :iti%1 & appe> 9 close bun*es1 ab\t ! mon? ( ,may or ,june4 ,! trees t are cultivat$ = ! production ( manna are *iefly plant$ on ! ea/]n sides ( hills4 ,?is sub/ance exudes spontane\sly f !m2 b z ! supply ?us obta9$ w\ld be insuffici5t = ! dem&1 incisions are made 9 ! b>k to obta9 x m copi\sly4 ,^! incisions are =m$1 9 ! summ] "t1 l5g?wise 9 ! tree1 & ea* ab\t a span long4 ,!y are begun at ! l[] "p ( ! trunk1 & repeat$ upw>d1 at a little di/ance f ea* o!r1 z high z ! bran*es4 ,"o side ( ! tree is fir/ cut2 ! o!r side be+ res]v$ until ! ensu+ ye>1 :5 x und]goes a simil> treatm5t4 ,f ! w\nds ?us made a ?ick :iti% juice imm$iately beg9s to fl[1 :i* gradually h>d5s on ! b>k1 & 9 ! c\rse ( a few days acquires a suffici5t consi/5ce to be tak5 (f4 ,x is collect$ 9 baskets1 & aft]w>ds pack$ 9 *e/s or boxes4 ,sometimes ! manna fl[s 9 su* abundance t x runs ^u ! gr\nd1 & ?us becomes mix$ ) v>i\s impurities1 unless x be prev5t$1 z is sometimes ! case1 by plac+ = its reception l>ge leaves1 /ones1 *ips ( wood1 or /raw4 ,! collect+ ( manna g5]ally t]m9ates ab\t ! end ( ,septemb]4 ,?is sub/ance is kn[n by druggi/s "u diff]5t names1 accord+ to its purity1 r ?an f any ess5tial diff]5ce 9 ! article itself4 ,! be/ ,calabrian manna is import$ 9 oblong1 light1 & crumbly flakes or pieces ( :iti% or pale yell[ col\r1 & some:at transp>5t appe>ance4 ,! inf]ior sorts are moi/1 unctu\s1 & ( d>k] col\r4 ,manna is a mild & agreeable laxative m$ic9e1 p>ticul>ly ) ! addition ( a little c9namon wat]1 or o!r w>m aromatic3 & x is useful 9 a/hmatic compla9ts1 z well z 9 inflammatory affections ( ! brea/4 ,x is sometimes c\nt]feit$ by a composition ( sug> & honey1 mix$ ) a small portion ( scammony4 ,! miracul\s sub/ance m5tion$ 9 ! ,old ,te/am5t by ! "n ( manna1 _c1 ( c\rse1 be consid]$ to h any alliance :atev] ) ! manna ?us produc$4 ,?is rem>k w\ld n h be5 made1 did n "y p]sons sometimes inconsid]ately conf\nd ! two sub/ances4 #bgf4 ,! ,,a%-,,tree 7,frax9us excelsior1 ,fig4 #gi7 is a well-kn[n ,briti% tree1 ) w+$ leaves2 ! leaflets 9 f\r or five pairs1 ) an odd "o1 s]rat$1 & )\t foot/alks2 & ! fl[]s )\t petals4 ,( late ye>s ?is valuable tree has be5 mu* plant$ 9 sev]al p>ts ( ,engl&4 ,x is ( h>dy nature1 & ?rives ev5 9 b>r5 soils4 ,if plant$ 9 moi/ situations1 ! roots1 spread+ wide 9 e direction ne> ! surface1 h a t5d5cy to r5d] ! gr\nd dry & firm4 ,! timb]1 :i* has ! r>e advantage ( be+ ne>ly z good :5 "y z :5 old1 is :ite1 & s h>d & t\gh z g5]ally to be e/eem$ next 9 value to oak4 ,x is mu* us$ by coa*-mak]s1 :eel-wrights1 & c>t-wrights2 & is made into pl\ghs1 axle-trees1 felloes ( :eels1 h>r[s1 ladd]s1 & o!r implem5ts ( husb&ry4 ,x is likewise us$ by %ip-build]s = v>i\s purposes1 & by coop]s = ! hoops ( tubs & b>rels4 ,:]e1 by frequ5t cutt+1 ! wood has become knotty1 irregul>1 & ve9$1 x is 9 mu* reque/ = cab9et-"w by me*anics on ! ,cont95t4 ,! be/ season = fell+ a%-trees is f ,novemb] to ,febru>y4 ,z fuel1 ?is tree burns bett] :il/ wet & gre5 ?an o!r wood4 ,we are in=m$ t1 9 ! nor!rn p>ts ( ,lanca%ire1 :5 grass is sc>ce1 ! small f>m]s frequ5tly cut (f ! tops ( a%-trees to fe$ _! c[s ) ! leaves & t5d] bran*es2 b ^! are said to spoil ! ta/e ( ! milk4 ,mr4 ,p5nant /ates t1 9 ! reign ( ,que5 ,elizabe?1 ! inhabitants ( ,colton & ,hawk%ead-,fells remon/rat$ aga9/ ! numb] ( =ges !n lately erect$ 9 t "p ( ! c\ntry1 because !y consum$ ! lopp+s ( ! trees1 :i* =m$ ! sole w9t] food = _! cattle4 ,! leaves ( a%-trees 7 =m]ly mu* us$ 9 ! adult]ation ( tea1 "u ! "n ( sm\*2 b ?is practice has ( late be5 prohibit$ by act ( p>liam5t4 ,! b>k ( ! a%-tree is employ$ 9 ! tann+ ( calf-sk9s1 & sometimes 9 dye+ black & o!r col\rs4 ,! inn] b>k has be5 propos$ z a sub/itute = ,p]uvian b>k1 9 ! cure ( int]mitt5t fev]s4 #bgg4 ,,ebony is ! wood ( a species ( palm-tree 7,diospiros eb5um71 :i* gr[s 9 ! isl& ( ,ceylon1 & has smoo?1 lea!ry1 oblong1 & po9t$ leaves1 & r\gh-hair$ buds4 ,! black & valuable sub/ance kn[n to u by ! "n ( ebony1 is ! c5tre "p only ( ! trees4 ,! outside wood is :ite & s(t1 & ei!r decays soon1 or is de/roy$ by insects1 :i* leave ! black "p unt\*$4 ,ebony is import$ into ?is c\ntry f ! ,ea/ ,indies4 ,x is exce$+ly h>d & heavy1 admits ( be+ highly poli%$1 & is pr9cipally us$ by cab9et-mak]s & inlay]s = ! v5e]+ ( cab9ets & o!r ornam5tal "w4 ,! wood ( ! pe>-tree1 /a9$ black1 is frequ5tly sub/itut$ = ebony4 ,! ripe fruit ( ! ebony tree is eat5 by ! natives ( ,ceylon2 b x is a/r+5t1 & n v palatable4 ,l9nu 0 ( op9ion t ebony 0 ! wood ( a %rub 7eb5us cretica7 :i* gr[s 9 ! isl& ( ,crete1 & has silky leaves & rose-col\r$ fl[]s4 #bgh4 ,! ,,pawpaw is a fruit ab\t ! size ( a small melon1 b ( v v>i\s %ape1 ! production ( a species ( palm-tree 7c>ica papaya71 :i* gr[s 9 tropical climates1 bo? ( ! ea/]n & we/]n p>ts ( ! _w4 ,! tree is tw5ty feet & upw>ds 9 height2 nak$ almo/ to ! summit2 & m>k$1 ?r\gh its :ole l5g?1 ) ! sc>s ( fall5 leaves4 ,its leaves are on foot-/alks two feet 9 l5g?1 & deeply divid$ into sev51 n9e1 or elev5 l>ge lobes4 ,! fl[]s are axill>y1 :ite1 & sweet sc5t$4 ,9 %ape ! fruit ( ! pawpaw-tree is sometimes angul>1 & flatt5$ at bo? ends2 sometimes oval or r\nd2 & sometimes pyramidal4 ,:5 ripe x is ( yell[ col\r2 & conta9s a yell[ succul5t pulp1 ( sweeti% ta/e1 & aromatic smell1 ) _m black or br[n & furr[$ se$s4 ,?is fruit is seldom eat5 raw1 b :5 boil$ x is e/eem$ a :olesome sauce = fre% meat4 ,! inhabitants ( ! c\ntries :]e x is f\nd sometimes pres]ve x 9 sug>1 ) oranges1 & small citrons4 ,?us prep>$1 x may be kept a long "t2 &1 9 ?is /ate1 x is n unfrequ5tly br\ght into ,europe4 ,:5 ab\t half gr[n1 ! pawpaw is sometimes pickl$ 9 v9eg> ) spices4 ,! fruit ( ! trifid-fruit$ cu/>d apple 7annona triloba7 is call$ pawpaw 9 "s p>ts ( ,am]ica4 ,! b>k ( ! pawpaw-tree is manufactur$ by ! ,indians into cordage4 ,! leaves are us$ 9 place ( soap2 & wat]-pipes are sometimes made ( ! /em ( ! tree4 ,,trioecia4 #bgi4 ,! ,,fig is ! pulpy fruit ( a %rub1 or l[ tree 7,ficus c>ica1 ,fig4 #hc71 :i* is a native ( ! ,s\? ( ,europe1 & "s p>ts ( ,asia4 ,fig-trees are bran*$ f ! bottom1 & ! leaves are l>ge1 smoo?1 & irregul>ly divid$ into f ?ree to five deep & r\nd$ lobes4 ,! fruit gr[s on %ort & ?ick /alks1 ( purpli% col\r1 & conta9s a s(t1 sweet1 & fragrant pulp1 int]mix$ ) num]\s small se$s4 ,x appe>s f hi/ory1 bo? sacr$ & pr(ane1 t ! fig-tree 0 an object ( att5tion 9 ! e>lie/ times4 ,?is fruit 0 "o ( ! mo/ common & fav\rite alim5ts ( ! anci5t ,greeks1 & con/itut$ a v valuable food ) ! peasants ( "s p>ts ( ,italy4 ,fig-trees are n[ mu* cultivat$ 9 ,turkey1 ,italy1 & ! ,levant1 z well z 9 ,spa9 & "s ( ! s\!rn p>ts ( ,france4 ,all ! isl&s ( ! ,ar*ipelago yield figs 9 abundance1 b ^! are 9 g5]al ( v inf]ior quality4 ,! trees are propagat$ ei!r by suck]s1 by lay]s1 or by cutt+s2 & ! process ( increas+ & rip5+ ! fruit is an art :i* requires mu* att5tion4 ,?is1 z x is practis$ 9 ! ,levant1 is call$ caprification1 & is p]=m$ by w\nd+ ! buds ( ! figs1 ) a /raw or fea!r dipp$ 9 sweet oil at a c]ta9 p]iod ( _! gr[?4 ,figs are dri$ ei!r by a furnace or 9 ! sun1 aft] hav+ be5 dipp$ 9 a scald+ ley made ( ! a%es ( ! fig-tree4 ,9 ?is /ate !y are us$ bo? 9 m$ic9e1 & z food2 & are consid]$ m :olesome & m easy ( dige/ion ?an :5 fre%4 ,!y =m a consid]able bran* ( comm]ce1 & are export$1 9 boxes ( diff]5t size & %ape1 to ne>ly all ! nor!rn p>ts ( ,europe4 ,:5 we receive !m1 _! surface is usually cov]$ ) a sac*>9e matt] :i* has exud$ f ! fruit4 ,a small & *eap k9d ( fig is import$ 9 small frails or baskets f ,f>o4 ,!re are num]\s v>ieties ( ! fig1 b ! common purple k9d is ! h>die/ ( ! :ole4 ,?is is frequ5tly cultivat$ 9 our g>d5s2 &1 if scre5$ f ! nor?-ea/ w9ds1 x rip5s1 ev53 ) u1 9 tol]able p]fection4 ,! wood ( ! fig-tree is ( spongy texture1 &1 :5 *>g$ ) oil & em]y1 is mu* us$ on ! ,cont95t by locksmi?s1 gun-smi?s1 & o!r artific]s 9 iron & /eel1 to poli% _! "w4 ,x is almo/ inde/ructible1 & on ?is acc\nt 0 =m]ly employ$ 9 ea/]n c\ntries z c(f9s = embalm$ bodies4 ---- ,,class ,,xxiv4--,,cryptogamia4 ---- #bhj4 ,,f]n1 or ,,brake 7,pt]is aquil9a71 is a well-kn[n cryptogam\s plant1 :i* gr[s wild on hea?s1 9 woods1 & 9 b>r5 places4 ,?\gh ?is plant is an extremely tr\blesome we$ to ! f>m]1 f ! roots p5etrat+ deep into ! gr\nd1 x is appli$ to v>i\s uses 9 rural oeconomy4 ,:5 cut & prop]ly dri$1 x s]ves z litt] = horses & cattle2 & x supplies ! place ( ?at* = cov]+ ! ro(s ( cottages & /acks4 ,:]e coal is sc>ce1 x is us$ = ! heat+ ( ov5s & burn+ ( lime-/one4 ,! a%es ( f]n1 f _! yield+ a tol]ably pure alkali1 are frequ5tly us$ by manufactur]s ( glass1 p>ticul>ly 9 ,france4 ,&1 9 "s p>ts ( our own c\ntry1 ! poor p mix ^! a%es ) wat]1 & =m !m into r\nd masses :i* !y call f]n balls4 ,^! are aft]w>ds heat$ 9 a fire1 & !n1 ) wat]1 are made into a ley = ! sc\r+ ( l954 ,!y ?us furni% a *eap sub/itute = soap4 ,sw9e are fond ( ! roots ( f]n1 & w fe$ freely ^u !m4 ,we are ev5 in=m$ t1 ) ! inhabitants ( ,palma1 "o ( ! ,can>y isl&s1 !y are sometimes made to supply ! place ( bread4 ,x is des]v+ ( rem>k t1 :5 ! root ( ! f]n is cut obliquely across1 x pres5ts a k9d ( figure ( ! ,imp]ial or ,russian eagle2 f :i* circum/ance ,l9nu 0 induc$ to "n x ,pt]is aquil9a1 or ,eagle brake4 #bha4 ,! ,,li*5s con/itute a v num]\s family ( plants1 :i* gr[ on ! b>k ( trees1 on rocks1 /ones1 & o!r sub/ances2 & h an indi/9ct fructification1 9 scatt]$ w>t-l tub]cles1 or excresc5ces1 & smoo? sauc]s or %ields1 9 :i* ! se$s are imb$d$4 ,"s ( !m h a p[d]y appe>ance1 & o!rs are cru/ace\s1 leaf-l1 %rub-l1 h]bace\s1 or gelat9\s4 #bhb4 ,! ,,calc>e\s ,,li*5 7,li*5 calc>eus7 consi/s ( a :ite cru/ ) black tub]cles4 ,?is plant1 :i* is f\nd on lime-/one rocks 9 ,wales1 & ! nor? ( ,engl&1 is us$ 9 dye+ wooll5 & o!r clo?s a sc>let col\r4 #bhc4 ,,crab',s-,,eye ,,li*5 7,li*5 p>ellus7 is a cru/ace\s1 :iti%1 & granulat$ vegetable sub/ance1 ) cups ( ! same col\r1 :i* h a ?ick & blunt bord]4 ,f ?is li*51 :i* is f\nd on rocks & /ones 9 m\nta9\s c\ntries1 & sometimes on /ones ne> ! sea-%ore1 is prep>$ ! blui% pigm5t call$ litmus4 ,x is *iefly collect$ f rocks 9 ! nor? ( ,engl&1 pack$ 9 casks1 & s5t to ,london = sale4 #bhd4 ,,t>t>e\s ,,li*5 7,li*5 t>t>eus7 is a :iti%1 cru/ace\s1 vegetable production1 ) yell[ cups or %ields1 :i* h a :iti% bord]4 ,! inhabitants ( ! ,highl&s ( ,scotl& ga!r ?is species ( li*5 f ! rocks1 &1 aft] clean+1 & "s fur!r prep>ation1 :i* is kept a secret by ! manufactur]s1 !y =m x into cakes4 ,^!1 :5 dri$1 are pulv]iz$1 & sold to dy]s by ! "n ( cudbe>1 :i* is a corruption ( ,cu?b]t1 ! "n ( its inv5tor4 ,9 conjunction ) alum1 ! p[d] ( ! t>t>e\s li*5 is us$ 9 dye+ sc>let1 & also = /rik+ a purple dye2 b ! col\r produc$ by x is n v p]man5t4 #bhe4 ,,ar*ell1 or ,,purple ,,rock ,,li*5 7,li*5 omphalodes71 is a vegetable production1 ( some:at cru/ace\s consi/5ce1 & leaf-l =m2 ! segm5ts ) _m lobes1 & ( d>k purpli% br[n col\r1 ) dull purple sauc]s4 ,?is k9d ( li*5 gr[s ^u rocks on ! high /ony moors ( sev]al p>ts ( ,engl&1 ,wales1 & ,scotl&4 ,:5 prop]ly prep>$1 x imp>ts to wooll5 clo? a r$di% br[n col\r1 or a dull b durable crimson4 ,if wool t has be5 dy$ ) x be dipp$ into a blue vat1 x w acquire a beautiful purple t+e4 ,x is sometimes us$ z a /yptic2 & 0 =m]ly appli$ z a rem$y 9 inflammatory fev]s & o!r compla9ts2 b1 9 ! latt] respect1 x is n[ entirely neglect$4 #bhf4 ,,or*all1 or ,,dy]',s ,,li*5 7,li*5 rocella71 is a some:at cru/ace\s & %rub-l vegetable production1 ( ne>ly cyl9drical =m1 solid1 )\t leaves1 b little bran*$1 & ) blacki% br[n alt]nate tub]cles4 ,9 ! ,can>y & ,cape de ,v]d ,isl&s1 z well z 9 ! ,grecian ,ar*ipelago1 or*all is f\nd 9 great abundance4 ,x likewise gr[s 9 ,gu]nsey & 9 "s p>ts ( ,engl&1 & is employ$ by dy]s *iefly = giv+ a bloom to o!r col\rs4 ,?is is effect$ by pass+ ! dy$ clo? or silk ?r\gh hot wat] slightly impregnat$ ) x2 b ! bloom ?us communicat$ soon decays aft] x has be5 expos$ to ! air4 ,:5 prep>$ 9 a peculi> mann]1 or*all yields a ri* purple t9cture1 fugitive inde$1 b v beautiful4 ,mix$ ) a solution ( t9 x is said to dye a p]man5t sc>let4 ,or*all is ! sub/ance g5]ally adopt$ = col\r+ ! spirits ( !rmomet]s4 ,& x is a rem>kable circum/ance t1 z exposure to ! air de/roys its col\r ^u clo?1 s ! exclusion ( ! air produces1 9 a few ye>s1 a l effect ^u ! fluid 9 ^? tubes2 b on break+ ! tubes ! col\r is re/or$4 #bhg4 ,,icel& ,,li*5 7,li*5 isl&icus7 is a leafy1 membran\s1 vegetable production1 ( br[ni% gre5 col\r1 jagg$ at ! edges1 & fr+$1 hav+ l>ge & purpli% br[n sauc]s or %ields4 ,! "n ( ?is li*5 is d]iv$ f t ( ! isl& 9 :i* x *iefly gr[s4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 also f\nd 9 ! ,highl&s ( ,scotl&1 & 9 "s ( ! nor!rn p>ts bo? ( ,engl& & ,wales4 ,x ab\nds ) nutriti\s mucilage2 &1 aft] hav+ be5 /eep$ 9 wat] to extract its bitt] & laxative qualities1 x is sometimes us$ z m$ic9e 9 c\ghs & consumptions4 ,"o ounce ( ,icel& li*51 boil$ 9 a p9t ( wat]1 yields ab\t sev5 ounces ( mucilage4 ,! inhabitants ( ,icel& prep>e f x a k9d ( gruel1 :i* !y mix ) milk4 ,!y also boil x 9 sev]al wat]s1 & !n dry & make x into bread4 ,9 ,g]many a durable br[n dye is made by means ( x2 &1 "u ano!r mode ( prep>ation1 x imp>ts an excell5t black t+e to :ite wooll5 y>n4 #bhh4 ,,bladd] ,,fucus 7,fucus vesiculosus7 is a species ( sea-we$1 ( flat %ape1 ) a middle rib1 ! edges entire1 =k$1 & sometimes tumid at ! ends1 & furni%$ ) sev]al air bladd]s imb$d$ 9 ! sub/ance ( ! plant4 ,by f> ! mo/ important application ( ?is1 "o ( ! commone/ ( all our m>9e plants1 is = ! mak+ ( kelp1 :i*1 9 ,scotl&1 af=ds employm5t to _m indu/ri\s families4 ,s lucrative & s highly e/eem$ is ! bladd] fucus1 & "s o!r plants ne>ly alli$ to x1 t ! natives ( sev]al p>ts ( ! ,we/]n ,isl&s h roll$ l>ge masses ( /one into ! sea1 ) a view to promote & ext5d _! gr[?4 ,= ! prep>ation ( kelp ^! plants are dri$1 by exposure = "s "t to ! sun & air4 ,!y are !n burnt by degrees 9 a kelp furnace1 :i* is g5]ally a r\nd hole dug 9 ! e>?4 ,:5 ! furnace is ne>ly fill$ ) ! rema9s ( ! burnt sea-we$s1 ! :ole is briskly agitat$ ) a rake or hook1 till x is compact$1 or becomes ( a %9+ glut9\s consi/5ce1 9 appe>ance n unlike melt$ iron4 ,x is !n all[$ to cool1 & is aft]w>ds plac$ 9 /oreh\ses = exportation4 ,9 ?is /ate x is an impure k9d ( c>bonat ( soda4 ,9 ! ,orkney ,isl&s e consid]ation is sacrific$ to ! mak+ ( kelp1 ne>ly #c1jjj tons ( :i* are annually s5t to m>ket & sold at ,lei?1 ,newca/le1 & o!r places1 at ! rate ( f sev5 to t5 p\nds p] ton ( tw5ty-"o hundr$ weight4 ,! inhabitants ( ,go?l& boil ?is plant ) co>se meal1 z food = sw9e2 & ! poor] classes ( ,scania ?at* _! cottages ) x1 & also employ x z fuel4 ,9 ! ,hebrides x is cu/om>y to dry *eese1 )\t us+ any salt1 by cov]+ x ) ! a%es ( ! bladd] fucus1 :i* ab\nd 9 sal9e p>ticles4 ,?is & o!r sea-we$s s]ve z a w9t] food = cattle1 :i* regul>ly frequ5t ! %ores = !m at ! ebb ( ! tide3 !y are also us$ z manure = l&4 ,a soapy liquor :i* is f\nd 9 ! bladd]s ( ?is plant is sometimes ext]nally appli$ z a m$ic9e = disp]s+ scr(ul\s & scorbutic swell+s1 by simply bruis+ !m 9 ! h& & rubb+ !m on ! p>ts affect$4 ,:5 ?is plant is calc9$ or burnt 9 ! op5 air1 a black & sal9e p[d] is produc$1 :i*1 "u ! "n ( vegetable ?iops1 has be5 recomm5d$ z a d5trifice1 & = o!r uses4 #bhi4 ,,eatable ,,w+$ ,,fucus1 or ,,bladd]locks 7,fucus escul5tus71 is a simple1 undivid$1 & sword-%ap$ sea-we$1 :i* is olive-col\r$1 & sometime sev]al y>ds 9 l5g?4 ,its /em is f\r-corn]$1 runs ?r\gh ! :ole l5g? ( ! leaf1 & is w+$ at ! base4 ,?is plant1 :i* is v common on "s ( ! %ores ( ,scotl&1 & also on ^? ( ,cornwall1 & sev]al p>ts ( ,nor? ,wales1 is a grateful food to cattle2 & its /alk1 :5 boil$1 con/itutes a v fav\rite di% 9 ,scotl&4 ,! prop] season = ga!r+ x is ! mon? ( ,septemb]1 :5 x is 9 high] p]fection ?an at any o!r "t ( ! ye>4 #bij4 ,,sweet ,,fucus 7,fucus sac*>9us7 is a simple1 undivid$1 & sword-%ap$ sea-we$1 )\t any rib1 ( lea!ry consi/5ce1 & tawny gre5 col\r2 & frequ5tly five or six feet 9 l5g?4 ,its /alk is r\nd & h>d4 ,?is plant ab\nds on all our sea-%ores3 &1 if slightly wa%$ f ! sea-wat]1 & dri$ 9 ! air1 x becomes cov]$ ) a sweet p[d]y effloresc5ce4 ,x is edible ei!r 9 a raw /ate1 or boil$ z a pot-h]b4 ,sometimes x is hung up to s]ve ! purpose ( an hygromet]1 :i* x does 9 "s degree by becom+ flaccid dur+ a moi/ /ate ( ! atmosph]e1 & h>d 9 dry wea!r4 #bia4 ,,dulse1 or ,,r$ ,,palmate ,,fucus 7,fucus palmatus71 is a flat1 membran\s1 & h&-%ap$1 sea-we$1 ( br[ni% crimson col\r1 smoo? on bo? sides1 & )\t any mid-rib4 ,9 ! m>kets ( ,ed9burgh1 & o!r p>ts ( ,scotl&1 ?is plant1 :i* is common on mo/ ( ! ,briti% %ores1 is expos$ = sale z an article ( food4 ,aft] hav+ be5 wa%$ 9 fre% wat]1 x is eat5 raw1 by itself1 9 salad1 or by poor p ) o!r provisions4 ,sometimes x is boil$ & us$ z a pot-h]b4 ,if gradually dri$1 x gives out a :iti% p[d]y sub/ance1 :i* cov]s ! :ole plant1 & has a sweet & agreeable ta/e1 some:at resembl+ t ( violets4 ,9 ?is /ate x is frequ5tly pack$ 9 casks = exportation4 ,"s p]sons *ew x z tobacco4 ,9 ,scotl& x is occasionally us$ z a m$ic9e1 & x is suppos$ to sweet5 ! brea? & de/roy worms4 #bib4 ,,gre5 or ,,edible ,,lav] 7,ulva lactuca7 is a ?91 membran\s1 pellucid1 & gre5 vegetable sub/ance1 :i* is f\nd on rocks1 /ones1 & %ells1 9 ! sea & salt-wat] dit*es 9 ne>ly all p>ts ( ,great ,brita94 ,( late ye>s ?is plant1 /ew$ ) lemon juice1 has be5 introduc$ to ! tables ( ! luxuri\s1 z a sauce to be eat5 ) roa/ meat4 ,?\gh 9 a rec5t /ate x has a salt & bitt]i% flav\r1 & ev5 :5 ?us prep>$ is n always reli%$ at fir/1 yet by habit mo/ p]sons become p>tial to x4 ,! lav] :i* is consum$ 9 ,london is *iefly prep>$ 9 ! we/ ( ,engl&1 & pack$ 9 pots 9 a /ate ready = ! table4 ,"s p]sons use lav] m$ic9ally1 & x is e/eem$ :olesome = scr(ul\s habits2 b x c sc>cely be tak5 9 suffici5t quantity to d mu* good1 )\t hav+ too /rong an effect on ! b[els4 #bic4 ,! ,,morell 7,phallus escul5tus1 ,fig4 #hd7 is a k9d ( fungus ) a nak$ & wr9kl$ /em1 & an egg-%ap$ head1 full ( cells on its ext]nal surface4 ,z an +r$i5t = ?ick5+ & height5+ ! flav\r ( sauces & s\ps1 morells1 :i* are *iefly f\nd 9 woods & h$ges 9 a loamy soil1 are 9 great e/eem4 ,= ?is purpose1 aft] !y are ga!r$1 !y are /rung ^u pack-?read to be dri$2 &1 :5 dry1 !y may be kept )\t injury = _m mon?s4 ,9 ,g]many1 ! p]sons employ$ 9 ga!r+ morells f\nd t !y always grew mo/ abundantly 9 woods t _h be5 burnt3 &1 ) a view ( promot+ _! increase1 !y 7 accu/om$ to set fire to ! woods1 until ?is practice 0 prohibit$ by ! ,gov]nm5t4 ,useful & palatable z ^! plants are1 x has be5 asc]ta9$ t1 if ga!r$ aft] hav+ be5 expos$ = "s days to wet wea!r1 !y are extremely p]nici\s4 #bid4 ,! ,,truffle 7,tub] cib>ium7 is a globul>1 solid1 & w>ty fungus1 )\t root1 :i* gr[s at ! dep? ( f\r or five in*es b5ea? ! surface ( ! e>?1 & is f ! size ( a pea to t ( a potatoe4 ,?is1 "o ( ! be/ ( ! edible funguses1 is *iefly f\nd 9 hilly woods & pa/ures1 :i* h a s&y or clayey bottom2 & occurs on ! d[ns ( ,wilt%ire1 ,hamp%ire1 & ,k5t4 ,truffles are g5]ally discov]$ by means ( dogs1 :i* are taught to hunt = !m by sc5t2 & :]ev] !y smell "o ( !m1 !y b>k1 & scrat* x up4 ,9 ,italy !y are hunt$1 9 some:at simil> mann]1 by pigs4 ,truffles are ei!r s]v$ at table roa/$ 9 a fre% /ate l potatoes1 or !y are cut into slices & dri$1 z an +r$i5t = sauces & s\ps4 ,^? t are mo/ delici\s are int]nally ( :ite col\r1 & h some:at ! od\r ( g>lic4 ,9 ,engl& truffles seldom exce$ ! weight ( f\r or five ounces2 :il/ on ! ,cont95t !y are kn[n to weigh z mu* z fifte5 or sixte5 ounces ea*4 #bie4 ,! ,,puff-,,ball 7,lycop]don bovi/a7 is a r\nd k9d ( fungus1 :i* is fill$ ) a s(t :iti% fle% :5 "y1 & a f9e br[n p[d] :5 ripe4 ,! p[d] ( ! puff-ball is sometimes us$ z a /yptic1 to prev5t ! ble$+ ( rec5t w\nds4 ,?is p[d] is extremely subtile1 & is v injuri\s to ! eyes4 ,in/ances h occurr$ ( p]sons :o1 hav+ _h x bl[n into _! face1 h !reby be5 depriv$ ( _! sight = a consid]able "t2 & h also be5 affect$ ) viol5t pa9 & inflammation4 ,!re is a curi\s exp]im5t ( tak+ a %ill+ f ! bottom ( a vessel ( wat]1 )\t wett+ ! h&4 ,?is is said to be effect$ by /rew+ a small quantity ( ! du/ ( ! puff-ball on ! surface2 x s /rongly repels ! fluid z to =m a cov]+ = ! f+]s1 & def5d !m f ! contact ( ! wat]4 ,! fumes ( ! puff-ball1 :5 burnt1 h a p[]fully n>cotic quality2 &1 on ?is acc\nt1 !y are sometimes us$ to take ! combs f hives )\t de/roy+ ! bees4 #bif4 ,! ,,common ,,mu%room 7,ag>icus campe/ris7 is a fungus consi/+ ( a :ite cyl9drical /alk & a convex cov] ( :ite or br[ni% col\r1 :i* has b5ea? an irregul> arrangem5t ( gills1 p9ky :5 "y1 b aft]w>ds ( d>k liv] col\r4 ,:5 x fir/ appe>s above gr\nd ! mu%room is smoo? & ne>ly globul>1 & 9 ?is /ate x is call$ a button4 ,9 ,engl& mu%rooms are 9 great dem& = ! table4 ,!y are f\nd wild 9 p>ks1 & o!r pa/ures :]e ! turf has n be5 pl\gh$ = _m ye>s2 & ! be/ "t = ga!r+ !m is 9 ! mon?s ( ,augu/ & ,septemb]4 ,!y are eat5 fre%1 ei!r /ew$ or broil$2 & are pres]v$ = use ei!r by dry+1 by be+ pickl$1 or 9 p[d]4 ,!y are also employ$ 9 mak+ ! well-kn[n sauce call$ mu%room ket*up4 ,z an article ( food1 h[ev]1 mu%rooms are by no means :olesome1 be+ s t\gh1 & hav+ s great a resemblance to s(t lea!r1 z to be almo/ indige/ible4 ,?is is p>ticul>ly ! case :5 !y are ( l>ge size4 ,mu%rooms may be rais$ artificially on b$s con/ruct$ = ! purpose1 ev5 9 cell>s2 = if !y h only w>m? & moi/ure1 ! plants w vegetate )\t light2 b ! mo/ prop] situations = !m are "u %$s 9 ! op5 air4 ,! plants ?us gr[n1 h[ev]1 h m t\ghness ?an su* z gr[ wild 9 ! fields2 &1 9 o!r respects1 are mu* inf]ior to !m4 #big4 ,!re is a k9d ( mu%room 7,ag>icus georgii7 :i* is yell[i%1 ) yell[i% :ite gills1 & :5 full gr[n is sometimes s l>ge z to measure eighte5 in*es across4 ,?is is occasionally eat51 b1 9 _m in/ances1 ! use ( x has be5 att5d$ ) injuri\s consequ5ces4 #bih4 ,9 ,cov5t ,g>d5 m>ket a tall & spongy k9d ( mu%room 7,ag>icus proc]us71 ) :ite gills1 & a l>ge horizontal r+ r\nd ! /em1 is frequ5tly expos$ = sale ab\t ! mon? ( ,septemb]4 #bii4 ,on h$ge-banks1 9 pa/ures1 & 9 :at are call$ fairy-r+s1 !re is a species ( mu%room 7,ag>icus orcades71 ) br[ni% or wat]y :ite gills1 two or f\r 9 a set1 a pale br[n1 convex1 & irregul> cov]1 & a :iti% /em4 ,^! are consid]$ by _m p]sons to be ! *ampignons ( ! ,fr5* cooks4 ,!y h a mu* high] flav\r ?an ! common mu%room3 b f _! lea!ry nature are indige/ible1 except 9 ! =m ( p[d]1 ) sauces1 or 9 ket*up1 9 all ( :i* !y are v admirable4 ,) respect to ! plants ( ! mu%room tribe1 x ought to be obs]v$ t1 ?\gh sev]al ( !m are edible1 _m are extremely poison\s4 ,in/ances ( ! fatal effects aris+ f an indiscrim9ate adoption ( !m are innum]able4 ,great caution1 !re=e1 is requisite t su* only %all be us$ z are asc]ta9$ to be :olesome1 p>ticul>ly z1 9 _m in/ances1 ! poison\s species c sc>cely be di/+ui%$ by ! eye f su* z are innoxi\s4 ,9 cases ( injury aris+ f poison\s funguses1 ! be/ rem$y t c be adm9i/]$ is an emetic4 #cjj4 ,,spunk1 or ,,t\*wood 7,boletus igni>ius71 is a fungus some:at %ap$ l a horse's ho(1 ) pores on ! "u side1 & ! upp] "p v h>d & smoo?1 b m>k$ ) circul> b&s or ridges ( diff]5t col\rs4 ,x gr[s horizontally on ! trunks & l>ge bran*es ( sev]al k9ds ( trees1 :5 old & decay$4 ,9 ,g]many1 & 9 "s p>ts ( ,engl&1 ?is fungus is us$ z t9d]1 = :i*1 on acc\nt ( its readily cat*+ fire1 x is well adapt$4 ,x is prep>$ by be+ boil$ 9 a /rong ley1 dri$1 & aga9 boil$ 9 a solution ( salt-petre4 ,9 ,franconia pieces ( ! inn] sub/ance ( ! spunk are beat5 s z to resemble lea!r1 & are sew$ toge!r = mak+ g>m5ts4 ,! inhabitants ( ,lapl& frequ5tly burn x ab\t _! cottages1 to keep (f a species ( gad-fly :i* is peculi>ly injuri\s to ! "y re9-de]4 ,?is fungus is (t5 employ$ z a /yptic = ! /opp+ ( blood4 ,:5 int5d$ = ?is use1 ! ext]ior h>d sub/ance is p>$ (f1 & ! coat und]nea? is sep>at$ f ! por\s "p1 & well beat5 ) a hamm]1 until x becomes pliable4 ,?us prep>$ x is kept dry1 9 slices ( conv5i5t size1 = use2 &1 al?\gh x is n s mu* e/eem$ 9 ?is c\ntry z x 0 "s ye>s ago1 _m ( ! cont95tal surgeons h a v high op9ion ( its efficacy4 ,,index ,,to ,,! ,,second ,,volume4 ---- ,abele4 ,see ,popl>1 great :ite4 ,acacia1 #bfb ,acorns1 uses (1 #bbc ,ald]1 wood1 b>k1 bran*es1 & leaves1 uses (1 #baa ,alkanet1 description1 prop]ties1 & uses (1 #db ,alligator pe>1 description & uses (1 #abj ,all-spice4 ,see ,pim5to4 ,almond1 common or sweet1 description (1 #adj ----1 :5ce obta9$1 h[ import$1 & uses (1 #adj ----1 oil & milk (1 h[ prep>$1 #ada ----1 bitt]1 description & uses (1 #ada ,aloe1 ,am]ican1 description1 culture1 & uses (1 #if1 #ig ,aloes1 description ( sev]al k9ds1 #ic1 #id ----1 leaves1 /ems1 & juice1 uses (1 #ic1 #id ----1 ,socotr9e1 description1 culture1 prep>ation1 & uses (1 #id ----1 ,b>badoes1 common1 or hepatic1 #ie ----1 ,caball9e1 or horse1 #if ,anise-se$s1 description & uses (1 #ha ,apple1 fruit & wood1 uses (1 #adg1 #adh ,apricot1 fruit1 k]nels1 gum1 & wood1 uses (1 #adc ,ar*ell1 description & use (1 #bgj ,areca1 description & uses (1 #bca1 #bcb ,arnatto1 or annotta1 description (1 h[ prep>$1 & uses (1 #aeg ,arrack1 f :at prep>$1 #ajf1 #bah ,arr[-root1 :at x is1 h[ prep>$1 & uses (1 #i1 #aj ----1 h[ adult]at$1 #aj ,arti*oke1 fl[]s1 leaves1 & /alks1 uses (1 #aig ----1 ,j]usalem1 description1 culture1 & uses (1 #bja ,arum1 common1 description & uses (1 #bah1 #bai ,asafoetida1 description & uses (1 #gg ----1 h[ obta9$ & export$1 #gg1 #gh ,a%-tree1 wood1 leaves1 & b>k1 uses (1 #bfd ,asp>agus1 description1 cultivation1 & uses (1 #ib1 #ic ,asp54 ,see ,popl>1 trembl+4 ,b4 ,balsam1 ,fri>'s1 or ,turl+ton's1 f :at made1 #acj ,bamboo canes1 description & uses (1 #ajj1 #aja ,banana1 description & uses (1 #bfi ,b>b]ry1 fruit1 b>k1 & roots1 uses (1 #ajj ,b>illa1 description (1 & h[ prep>$ = use1 #gc ,b>ley1 cultivation & uses (1 #bg ----1 pe>l1 h[ made1 & uses (1 #bh ----1 sug>1 h[ made1 #bb ,bay1 common sweet1 description & uses (1 #aai1 #abj ,bay plum4 ,see ,guava4 ,beans1 culture & uses (1 #ahd ,bee*-tree1 wood1 fruit1 & leaves1 uses (1 #bbj ,beet1 description & uses (1 #ga1 #gb ,b5jam91 gum4 ,see ,b5zo94 ,b5t-grass1 #cb ,b5zo91 description (1 h[ prep>$1 & uses (1 #abi1 #aca ,b]gamot1 h[ prep>$1 #aie ,betel1 :at x is1 & use (1 #ae ,betel-nut4 ,see ,areca4 ,bilb]ries1 uses (1 #aac ,bir*-tree1 wood1 b>k1 twigs1 leaves1 & sap1 uses (1 #baj ,bird-lime1 h[ made1 uses & prop]ties (1 #da ,blackb]ries1 uses (1 #aeb ,bleab]ries4 ,see ,bilb]ries4 ,bl5d-corn1 #bh ,boabab4 ,see ,s\r g\rd4 ,bore cole1 #agf ,bottle g\rd1 description & uses (1 #bji ,box-tree1 value & uses (1 #bae ,brake1 description & uses (1 #bfh ,bran1 uses (1 #bf ,br&y1 :5ce obta9$1 & h[ made1 #fi ----1 di/ill$ f potatoes & c>rots1 #ee1 #ge ,brank4 ,see ,buck :eat4 ,bread1 prep>$ f turnips1 arum roots1 acorns1 cassava1 & sago1 #age1 #bai1 #bbd1 #bci1 #bef ,bread-fruit1 description & uses (1 #bjc1 #bjd ----1 tree1 b>k1 juice1 & fl[]s1 uses (1 #bjd1 #bje ,brocoli1 #agf ,broom1 common1 twigs1 se$s1 b>k1 c41 uses (1 #aha ----1 ,spani%1 description & uses (1 #aha ,buck-bean1 or bog-bean1 description & uses (1 #dc ,buck-?orn1 syrup1 & b>k1 uses (1 #ef ,buck-:eat1 description1 cultivation1 & uses (1 #aad ,bullace plums1 description & uses (1 #add ---- *eese1 f :at prep>$1 #add ,bull-ru%1 uses (1 #ca ,burgundy w9e1 #fd ,burgundy pit*1 ( :at made1 & uses (1 #bcf ,c4 ,cabbage1 common1 culture & uses (1 #agf ---- tree1 description & uses (1 #bcj ,cacao4 ,see ,*ocolate4 ----1 butt] (1 #aib ,cajeput oil1 :at x is1 & uses (1 #aie1 #aif ,calaba% tree1 description & uses (1 #agj ----1 ,african4 ,see ,s\r g\rd4 ,calyx1 or fl[]-cup1 #a ,camomile1 description & uses (1 #aii1 #bjj ,camphor1 description1 h[ obta9$1 & uses (1 #aag-aai ,can>y w9e1 #fh ---- grass1 #cc ,canes1 walk+1 description (1 & :5ce obta9$1 #ajj ----1 rattan1 description & uses1 #ajj ----1 bamboo1 description & uses1 #ajj-ajb ,ca\t*\c4 ,see ,indian rubb]4 ,cape madeira w9e1 #fh ,cap]s1 description (1 h[ prep>$1 & uses (1 #aec ----1 sub/itutes =1 #aed1 #aha ,capsicum1 diff]5t k9ds & uses (1 #ef ,c>raway1 h[ cultivat$1 & uses (1 #ha ,c>damoms1 description1 culture1 & uses (1 #h1 #i ,c>doon1 description & uses (1 #aih ,c>riage grease1 ( :at made1 #bce ,c>rot1 cultivation & uses (1 #gd1 #ge ,ca%ew-nut-tree & fruit1 description & uses (1 #aba-abc ,cassava1 or cassada1 description & uses (1 #bch ,cassia1 & cassia buds1 description & uses (1 #aag ----1 (fic9al1 description & uses (1 #abf1 #abg ,ca/or-oil1 h[ prep>$1 & uses (1 #bdb ,cate*u4 ,see ,areca4 ,caulifl[]1 #agf ,cay5ne pepp]1 h[ made1 & uses (1 #ef1 #eg ,c$>1 r$ or common1 description & uses (1 #beg ,cel]y1 uses (1 #hb ,*ampaigne w9e1 #ff ,*ampignons1 description & use (1 #bgg ,*>coal1 durability & uses (1 #bbd ----1 vap\r (1 9 :at respect p]nici\s1 #bbe ,*]ry-tree1 fruit1 wood1 & gum1 uses (1 #adb ---- br&y1 h[ made1 #adb ,*esnut1 horse1 fruit1 husks1 wood1 & b>k1 uses (1 #ajf ----1 sweet1 wood & fruit1 prop]ties & uses (1 #bbj ,*9a1 brok51 h[ to cem5t1 #hi ,*ives1 description & uses (1 #ia ,*ocolate1 description1 cultivation1 prep>ation1 & use (1 #aij1 #aia ,cid]1 & cid] w9e1 h[ made1 #adh ,c9namon1 description1 prep>ation1 & uses (1 #aae1 #aag ----1 oil (1 #aaf ----1 wild4 ,see ,cassia4 ,citron1 description & uses (1 #aib ,cl>et1 #ff ,clov]1 cultivation & use (1 #ahg ,cloves1 description1 culture1 prep>ation1 & uses (1 #afd ----1 oil (1 #afe ,cocoa-nut-tree & fruit1 k]nels1 milk1 husks1 %ells1 c1 uses (1 #baf ,c(fee-tree1 description (1 & h[ cultivat$1 #dg ----1 hi/ory ( ! use (1 #dh1 #di ----1 ,mo*a1 ,we/ ,india1 & ,java1 #di ----1 h[ roa/$1 & use (1 #di ----1 sub/itutes =1 #aha1 #ahd ,cole-se$4 ,see ,rape-se$4 ,colewort1 #agf ,con/antia w9e1 #fh ,copal1 description1 prep>ation1 & use (1 #hc ----1 v>ni%1 h[ made1 #hc ,cori&]1 cultivation & uses (1 #gi ,cor9?s4 ,see ,currants4 ,cork1 h[ collect$ & prep>$ = use1 & uses (1 #bbe ,cork cutt+1 h[ p]=m$1 #bbf ,corolla or blossom1 #b ,cte rotie w9e1 #ff ,cotton1 description1 culture1 & prep>ation (1 #agi ----1 uses (1 & trade 91 #ahj ,c\rt pla/]1 h[ made1 #acj ,c[age1 or c[-it*1 description & uses (1 #ahb1 #ahc ,c[slip1 use (1 fl[]s1 roots1 & leaves1 #dc ,crab-tree fruit1 uses (1 #adg ,crac[ groats1 #bf ,cranb]ries1 description & uses (1 #aab ,cuckoo fruit4 ,see ,arum4 ,cucumb]1 common1 culture & uses (1 #bjg ,currants1 dri$1 :at !y are1 & :5ce obta9$1 #gj ----1 h[ cultivat$ & prep>$ = use1 #ga ----1 r$1 juice1 & inn] b>k1 uses (1 #fj1 #fa ,currants1 black1 leaves & b]ries1 uses (1 #fa ,curry p[d]1 ( :at made1 #i ,cypress p[d]1 ( :at made1 #bai ,cypress-tree1 description & uses (1 #bcg ,d4 ,date-tree1 description1 cultivation1 & managem5t (1 #bdf1 #bdg ----1 fruit1 wood1 pi?1 & leaves1 uses (1 #bdg1 #bdh ,deals1 yell[ & r$1 #bcc ,dragon's-blood-tree1 description & uses (1 #ih1 #ii ,dulse1 description1 prep>ation1 & use (1 #bgc ,dut* p9k1 f :at prep>$1 #acf ,e4 ,ebony1 description & uses (1 #bfe ,es*alote4 ,see ,%allot4 ,eld]1 common1 wood1 b>k1 leaves1 fl[]s1 b]ries1 c4 uses (1 #hc ,elm-trees1 timb]1 b>k1 & leaves1 uses (1 #gc ,endive1 culture & uses (1 #aii ,f4 ,fan-palm1 description & uses (1 #ih ,f5nel leaves1 /alks1 se$s1 & roots1 uses (1 #hj ,f]n1 description & uses (1 #bfh ,f]ula1 /alks (1 h[ anci5tly us$1 #gh ,fig-trees & figs1 description1 cultivation1 & uses (1 #bfg ,filb]t1 #bbh ,fir1 ,scots1 description (1 timb] & b>k1 uses (1 #bcb1 #bcc ----1 turp5t9e1 res91 t> & pit*1 h[ obta9$ f1 #bcb1 #bcc ----1 spruce1 description & uses (1 #bce ,flax1 description (1 cultivation1 prep>ation1 & uses (1 #he ----1 ,oil made f ! se$s (1 #hf ,flumm]y1 :at x is1 & h[ made1 #bc ,fox-glove1 description & uses (1 #afi ,frontignac w9e1 #ff ,fructification ( vegetables1 #a ,fucus1 bladd]1 description & use (1 #bga ----1 eatable1 w+$1 #bgb ----1 sweet1 & r$ palmate1 #bgc ,furze1 uses (1 #ahb ,g4 ,galls1 use (1 #bbc ,gamboge1 description (1 h[ obta9$1 & uses (1 #ace ,g>lic1 description & uses (1 #hi ,g5tian1 description & uses (1 #gd1 #ge ,g]k9s1 #bjg ,gilead1 balm or balsam (1 h[ obta9$1 & uses (1 #ajh ,g91 ) :at flav\r$1 #beg ,g+]1 description1 cultivation1 prep>ation1 & uses (1 #g ,glass1 brok51 h[ to cem5t1 #hi ,gooseb]ries1 uses (1 #fa ,gorze1 uses (1 #ahb ,graft+ ( fruit-trees1 h[ p]=m$1 & use (1 #adg ,grapes1 uses (1 #fi1 #gj ,grass1 sweet-sc5t$ v]nal1 uses (1 #cj ----1 cotton1 mead[1 fox-tail1 & ,timo?y or mead[ cat's tail1 #ca ----1 ,fior9 or ,or*e/on long1 #cb ----1 mead[ s(t1 or ,york%ire :ite can>y1 purple melic1 & re$ mead[1 #cc ----1 smoo?-/alk$ mead[1 & annual mead[1 #cd ----1 cre/$ dog's tail1 %eep's fescue1 h>d fescue1 & flote fescue1 #ce ----1 rye or ray1 #cg ----1 c\* or squit*1 #ch ,grits or groats1 :at !y are1 #bc ,guava1 description & uses (1 #acg ,guiacum1 gum1 h[ obta9$1 & uses (1 #abg ,gum arabic1 h[ & :5ce obta9$1 & uses (1 #bfa ----1 ,s5egal1 #bfb ----1 ,s&>a*1 #beg ,h4 ,hazel nut tree & fruit1 uses (1 #bbh ,hea?1 common1 /alks1 tops1 fl[]s1 leaves1 & se$s1 uses (1 #aac ,hemp1 description (1 h[ cultivat$ & prep>$ = use1 #bdi ----1 fimble1 k>le1 or se$1 #bdi ----1 se$ & /alks1 uses (1 #bdi ,heps1 cons]ve (1 #aea ,h]mitage w9e1 #ff ,hickory nut1 #bbg ,hock w9e1 #fh ,holly-tree1 wood1 leaves1 b]ries1 & b>k1 uses (1 #ad ,hops1 description & mode ( culture (1 #bej1 #bea ----1 h[ pick$1 dri$1 & prep>$ = use1 & uses (1 #bea ----1 sub/itutes =1 9 brew+1 #dc1 #ace ,hornbeam1 description & uses (1 #bbi ,horse-radi%1 description & uses (1 #agb ,i4 ,j4 ,icel& li*51 description1 prep>ation1 & use (1 #bga ,indian corn4 ,see ,maize4 ,indian rubb]-tree1 description (1 #bdj ----1 h[ obta9$ & prep>$ = use1 & uses (1 #bda ,indigo1 description1 cultivation1 prep>ation1 & uses (1 #ahh1 #ahi ,ipecacuanha1 description1 hi/ory1 & use (1 #fb1 #fc ,iris1 common1 description & uses (1 #ah ,jack-fruit1 description & uses (1 #bje1 #bjf ,jalap1 description (1 :5ce obta9$1 & uses (1 #dc ,jasm9e1 oil (1 h[ prep>$1 #ab ,jesuit's b>k4 ,see ,p]uvian b>k4 ,jesuit's drops1 f :at made1 #acj ,junip]1 b]ries1 wood1 b>k1 & gum1 uses (1 #bef ,k4 ,kale1 ,dorset%ire1 #agf ----1 ,sea1 description1 cultivation1 & uses (1 #aga ,kelp1 prep>ation1 value1 & uses (1 #bga ,l4 ,la*ryma ,*ri/i w9e1 #fg ,ladanum1 or ,labdanum1 h[ collect$1 & uses (1 #aff ,lamp black1 h[ made1 & uses (1 #bce ,l>*1 wood1 b>k1 & sap1 uses (1 #bcf ,laudanum1 h[ prep>$1 & uses (1 #aef ,lav5d]1 description & culture (1 #afg ----1 fl[]s1 oil1 & _s (1 #afh ----1 wat]1 h[ prep>$1 #afh ,lav]1 gre5 or edible1 description1 prep>ation1 & use (1 #bgd ,leeks1 description & uses (1 #hi ,lemon1 description & uses (1 #aib ----1 ess5tial salt (1 f :at prep>$1 #aic ,lettuce1 culture & uses (1 #aih ,li*51 calc>e\s1 description & uses (1 #bfi ----1 crab's eye1 & t>t>e\s1 #bfi ----1 purple rock1 & dy]'s1 #bgj ----1 ,icel&1 #bga ,lignum vit1 wood1 res91 b>k1 & fl[]s1 use (1 #abg ,lime1 a species ( lemon1 description & uses (1 #aid ,lime1 or ,l9d5-tree1 fl[]s1 wood1 juice1 leaves1 & se$1 uses (1 #aeh ,l9e-se$s1 :at !y are1 & uses (1 #hf ,l9se$ oil1 h[ prep>$1 & use (1 #hf ,l+4 ,see ,hea?4 ,liquorice1 description1 cultivation1 & uses (1 #ahf1 #ahg ----1 ,spani%1 h[ made1 & uses (1 #ahg ,lisbon w9e1 #fe ,logwood1 description (1 h[ obta9$1 & uses (1 #aca1 #acb ,lords & ,ladies4 ,see ,arum4 ,luc]n1 description1 cultivation1 & uses (1 #ahh ,m4 ,mac>oni1 ( :at made1 & uses (1 #bf ,mace1 :at x is1 h[ prep>$ = use1 & uses (1 #bdf ,madd]1 description1 prep>ation1 prop]ty1 & uses (1 #ci ,madeira w9e1 #fh ,mahogany1 description (1 & h[ obta9$1 #acb ----1 ,honduras & ,jamaica1 #acc ----1 :5 fir/ introduc$1 & uses (1 #acd ,maize1 description & culture (1 #bjf ----1 se$1 husks1 /alks1 c4 uses (1 #bjf1 #bjg ,malaga w9e1 #ff ,malmsey ,madeira1 #ff ,malt1 h[ made1 & us$1 #bg ,mangel wurzel1 description & uses (1 #gb ,mangoes1 description & use (1 #ei ----1 imitations (1 #ei1 #bjg ,manna1 description (1 h[ obta9$1 & uses (1 #bfc ----1 se$s1 :at !y are1 & uses (1 #cf ,maple1 common1 description & uses (1 #aaj ----1 sug>1 description (1 #aaj ---- ----1 juice & wood1 uses (1 #aaa ,masl91 :at x is1 #bh ,ma/ic1 description (1 mode ( obta9+1 & uses (1 #bdh ----1 wood & v>ni%1 #bdi ,matwe$1 sea1 uses (1 #cg ,m$l>1 description & uses (1 #adf ,melon1 common or musk1 description1 culture1 & uses (1 #bjg ----1 wat]1 description & uses (1 #bji ,millet1 description & use (1 #bfj ,m9t1 common or spe>1 description & uses (1 #afh ----1 pepp]1 description & uses (1 #afi ,molasses1 h[ made1 #ba ,morell1 description & use (1 #bgd ,moselle w9e1 #fg ,mulb]ry-tree1 fruit1 juice1 leaves1 & b>k1 uses (1 #bad ----1 cid]1 h[ made1 #bad ----1 :ite1 #bae ,muscadel w9e1 #ff ,mu%room1 common1 description (1 h[ gr[n1 & use (1 #bgf ----1 description & uses ( v>i\s k9ds1 #bgf1 #bgg ,mu/>d1 description & uses (1 & h[ adult]at$1 #agb ,myrrh1 :at x is1 :5ce obta9$1 & uses (1 #bfb ,myrtle common1 description & use (1 #acg ,n4 ,nanke5 dye 7,scot's71 ( :at made1 #aeg ,nect>9e1 #adj ,nettle1 common1 leaves1 tops1 /alks1 roots1 fl[]s1 & se$1 uses (1 #bac1 #bad ,nettle /+s1 description (1 #bad ,night%ade1 deadly1 description1 injuri\s effects1 & uses (1 #ec1 #ed ,nutmeg tree1 description (1 #bdd ,nutmegs1 h[ ga!r$ & prep>$ = use1 & uses (1 #bde ,nut-oil1 f :at prep>$1 #bbh ,nux vomica1 description & uses (1 #eh ,o4 ,oak tree1 wood1 b>k1 saw-du/1 & acorns1 uses (1 #bbb-bbe ,oatmeal1 uses (1 #bd ,oats1 mode ( cultivation & uses (1 #bd ,oil-cake1 ( :at made1 & uses (1 #hg1 #agd ,olive tree1 description & uses (1 #aa1 #ab ---- oil1 h[ prep>$ & uses (1 #aa ,olives1 h[ prep>$ = use1 & uses (1 #aa ,onion1 ,canadian or tree1 description & uses (1 #ij ----1 common1 description & uses (1 #ia ----1 ,portugal & ,spani%1 #ia ,opium1 h[ obta9$1 prop]ties & uses (1 #aed1 #aee ----1 h[ cultivat$ 9 ,engl&1 #aee ----1 h[ adult]at$1 #aed ,orange1 fl[]s1 juice & peel1 uses (1 #aid1 #aie ----1 ,seville or bitt]1 #aie ,or*all1 description1 prep>ation1 & use (1 #bgj ,ord]s ( plants1 #d ,or5b]g gum1 ( :at made1 #bcg ,orris root1 description & uses (1 #ag ,osi]1 wood & b>k1 uses (1 #bdc ,ott> ( roses1 f :at made & h[ adult]at$1 #aej ,owl]4 ,see ,ald]4 ,p4 ,paddy4 ,see ,rice4 ,pap] made f vegetable productions ( diff]5t k9ds1 #ah1 #bh1 #aja1 #ahe1 #bae1 #bdc ,papyrus1 description1 prep>ation1 & uses (1 #ah1 #ai ,p>sley1 leaves1 roots1 & se$1 uses (1 #hb ,p>snips1 h[ cultivat$1 & uses (1 #gi ,pawpaw1 description & uses (1 fruit1 b>k1 leaves1 & /em1 #bff ,pea*1 fruit1 k]nels1 fl[]s1 & leaves1 uses (1 #aci ,pe>1 fruit1 wood1 & leaves1 uses (1 #adf ,pe>l b>ley1 h[ made1 & uses (1 #bh ,peas1 cultivation & uses (1 #ahe1 #ahf ----1 ev]la/+1 use (1 #ahf ,pepp]1 black1 h[ cultivat$ & prep>$ = use1 #ac ----1 :ite1 :at x is1 & h[ prep>$1 #ac ----1 uses (1 & h[ adult]at$1 #ad ----1 long1 description & uses (1 #ad1 #ae ----1 ,gu9ea1 description & uses (1 #eg ,p]ry1 ( :at made1 #adg ,p]uvian b>k1 :5ce obta9$1 h[ prep>$ =1 use1 & uses (1 #de ,petals1 #b ,pim5to1 description & cultivation (1 #ach1 #aci ----1 h[ collect$ & prep>$ = use1 & uses (1 #ach ,p9e1 ,weym\?1 description & uses (1 #bce ,p9es1 fruit1 description1 hi/ory1 cultivation1 & uses (1 #hg ,pi/il1 #b ,pit*1 h[ prep>$1 & uses (1 #bcd1 #bce ,plane tree1 description & uses (1 #bcj ,planta9 tree1 description & uses (1 #bei ,plum1 common1 description & uses (1 #adc ----1 ,fr5*1 #dd ----1 bullace1 fruit1 fl[]s1 & wood1 uses (1 #add ,pomegranate1 description & uses (1 #ada1 #adb ,pontac w9e1 #ff ,pontefract cakes1 h[ made1 & uses (1 #ahg ,popl>1 great :ite1 description & uses (1 #bec1 #bed ----1 trembl+1 #bed ----1 black1 #bed ----1 ,lomb>dy or ,italian1 #bee ,poppy1 :ite1 description1 cultivation1 & uses (1 #aed1 #aee ,port-w9e1 #fe ,potatoe1 roots1 /alks1 & apples1 uses (1 #ed-ef ,p\nce1 f :at prep>$1 #beg ,prunes1 #add ,puff-ball1 description & use (1 #bge ,pumpk9 or pompion1 description & uses (1 #bjh ,q4 ,quassia1 description1 hi/ory1 & uses (1 #acd1 #ace ,qu9ce1 description & uses (1 #adi1 #aej ,qu9cy b]ries4 ,see ,currants1 black4 ,r4 ,rack or arrack1 f :at prep>$1 #bah ,rais9s1 h[ prep>$1 & uses (1 #gj ,rape1 culture & uses (1 #gj ,raspb]ry1 uses (1 #aeb ----1 br&y1 h[ made1 #aeb ,rattan1 description & uses (1 #ajj ,receptacle1 #c ,re$1 common1 uses (1 #cf ,res91 common & yell[1 h[ prep>$1 & uses (1 #bcc ,rh5i% w9e1 #fg ,rhub>b1 (fic9al or ,turkey1 h[ obta9$1 & uses (1 #abc ----1 h[ cultivat$ 9 ,engl&1 #abd ,rhub>b1 common1 description & uses (1 #abe ,rice1 description1 culture1 & prep>ation (1 #ajd-ajf ----1 uses (1 #aje ,ru%1 common1 description1 prep>ation1 & uses (1 #ajb ,root ( ,sc>city4 ,see ,mangel ,wurzel4 ,rose1 common g>d51 uses (1 #aej ----1 hep or wild bri>1 fl[]s1 fruit1 & leaves1 #aea ----1 r$ (fic9al1 uses (1 #aeb ,roses1 ott> or oil (1 h[ made1 #aej ----1 cons]ve & syrup (1 #aej ----1 honey (1 #aeb ,rose wood1 description & uses (1 #aaj ,ros94 ,see ,res94 ,rotang4 ,see ,dragon's ,blood-tree4 ,rota w9e1 #ff ,rum1 h[ prep>$1 #bc ,rye1 uses (1 #bh ,s4 ,saffron1 description1 culture1 prep>ation1 & uses (1 #af1 #ag ,sago1 description1 prep>ation1 & uses (1 #bee ,sa9t-fo91 description1 cultivation1 & uses (1 #ahg ,salad oil4 ,see ,olive oil4 ,salep1 :at x is1 h[ prep>$1 & uses (1 #bjb ,sall[1 common1 #bdd ,saloop1 :at x is1 #aba ,samphire1 rock1 h[ obta9$ & uses (1 #gf ----1 m>%1 #gf ,s&al wood1 description & use (1 #dj ,sap-gre51 ( :at made1 #eg ,sassafras1 description & uses (1 #aba ,saund]s1 yell[1 description & use (1 #dj ,saxon1 blue & gre51 :at made f1 #ahi ,scammony1 :at1 h[ obta9$1 & uses (1 #dd ,sea ,kale1 description1 mode ( culture1 & uses (1 #aga ,se$ vessel1 #b ,semol9a1 ( :at made1 & use (1 #bf ,s5na1 description & uses (1 #abe ,%addock1 description & uses (1 #aie ,%alot1 description & uses (1 #ij ,%]ry w9e1 #ff ,%oe-mak]'s wax1 ( :at made1 #bce ,sloe1 fruit1 fl[]s1 b>k1 leaves1 & wood1 uses (1 #ade ,sm\*1 :at x is1 #afd ,snuff1 h[ made1 #eb ,soda4 ,see ,b>illa4 ,s\r-cr\t1 ( :at made1 #agf ,s\r-g\rd1 description & uses (1 #agh ,s[9s1 #bd ,soy1 description1 prep>ation1 & use (1 #acc ,spani% black1 ( :at made1 #bbf ,sp>t4 ,see ,broom4 ,spruce1 ess5ce (1 f :at prep>$1 & uses (1 #bcf ,spunk or ,t\*wood1 description & use (1 #bgg ,squ9ancy b]ries4 ,see ,currants1 black4 ,/am5s1 #b ,/>*1 prep>$ f diff]5t vegetable productions1 #be1 #ee1 #ajg1 #bai1 #bba ,/one blue1 :at made f1 #ahi ,/orax1 description1 mode ( obta9+1 & use (1 #aca ,/ramonium1 description1 prop]ties1 & uses (1 #ej ,/rawb]ries1 uses (1 #aec ,sug>1 h[ manufactur$1 #ai1 #bj ----1 muscovado or raw1 & clay$1 #ba ----1 h[ ref9$1 #ba ----1 loaf or lump1 #bb ----1 c&y1 h[ made1 #bb ----1 uses (1 #bb ----1 cane1 description & cultivation (1 #ai ----1 mode ( obta9+ sug> f1 #bj ,sunfl[]s1 description & uses (1 #bja ,sycamore tree1 description & uses (1 #aaa1 #aab ,t4 ,tall[ tree1 description & uses (1 #bdj ,tam>9ds1 description1 prep>ation1 & use (1 #agg ,tapioca1 description1 prep>ation1 & use (1 #bci ,t>1 h[ prep>$1 & uses (1 #bcd ----1 wat]1 #bcd ,t>ragon1 description & use (1 #bjj ----1 v9eg>1 h[ prep>$1 #bjj ,tea1 tree1 description & culture (1 #aei1 #afj ----1 h[ collect$1 dri$1 & pack$1 #aei ----1 h[ us$ by ! ,*9ese & ,japanese1 #afj ----1 diff]5ce betwe5 black & gre51 #afj ----1 gre51 h[ prep>$1 #afb ----1 bohea1 :y s call$1 & h[ prep>$1 #afj ----1 congo1 s\*ong1 & ,pekoe1 #afa1 #afb ----1 ,s+lo1 hyson1 & gunp[d]1 #afb1 #afc ----1 hi/ory ( ! use ( 9 ,europe1 #afc ----1 trade & uses (1 #afc ----1 h[ adult]at$1 #afd ,teak tree1 description & uses (1 #ei ,teasel1 description & uses (1 #ch ,t5]iffe w9e1 #fh ,t5t w9e1 #fg ,tobacco1 description1 culture1 prep>ation1 & uses (1 #ej ,toddy1 f :at prep>$1 #bah ,tokay w9e1 h[ made1 #fg ,tolu1 balsam1 h[ obta9$1 & uses (1 #abh ,t\*wood1 description & use (1 #bgg ,treacle1 h[ made1 #ba ,truffles1 description (1 h[ procur$1 & use (1 #bge ,tulip tree1 description & uses (1 #afg ,turm]ic1 description & use (1 #i ,turnips1 cultivation & uses (1 #agd1 #age ,turp5t9e1 common1 h[ obta9$1 & uses (1 #bcc ----1 oil (1 #bcc ----1 ,v5ice1 ( :at prep>$1 & use (1 #bcg ,v4 ,v>ni%1 black1 ( ,*9a1 :at1 #abc ----1 copal1 h[ prep>$ & use (1 #hc ,vegetables1 #a ,v]juice1 f :at prep>$1 & uses1 #fi1 #adg ,v]micelli1 h[ made1 & use (1 #bg ,v]mix1 #bef ,vet*es1 description1 culture1 & uses (1 #ahe ,v9 de ,grave1 #ff ,v9e1 twigs1 leaves1 t5drils1 & wood1 uses (1 #fi ,v9es & v9ey>ds1 acc\nt (1 #fc1 #fd ,vomic nut4 ,see ,nux vomica4 ,w4 ,walnut-tree1 wood & fruit1 uses (1 #bbg ,wat]-flag1 yell[1 description & uses (1 #ah ,weld1 description & uses (1 #acf ,:eat1 cultivation & uses (1 #bd ----1 />* & sug> prep>$ f1 #be ----1 bran & /raw1 uses (1 #bf ----1 mac>oni & semol9a prep>$ f1 #bf ,will[4 ,see ,osi]4 ,w9e1 h[ made1 #fd ----1 ,portuguese1 #fe ----1 ,fr5* & ,spani%1 #fe ----1 ,italian & ,g]man1 #fg ----1 ,madeira & ,t5]iffe1 #fh ----1 ,cape1 #fi ,)y4 ,see ,osi]4 ,woad1 description1 culture1 prep>ation1 & use (1 #aga ,wortleb]ries1 use (1 #aac ,y4 ,yams1 description & uses (1 #beb ----1 cultivat$ 9 ,scotl&1 #bec ,yea/1 h[ to pres]ve = use1 #bbh ,yew tree1 description1 uses1 & poison\s qualities (1 #beg ,,end ,,( ,,vol4 ,,ii4 ,c4 ,baldw91 ,pr9t]1 ,new ,bridge-/reet1 ,london4 ,notes #a ,ammomum c>damomum1 ,l9n4--,elett]ia c>damomum1 ,maton 9 ,l9n4 ,tran4 x4 p4 #bed4 #b ,! grasses are s num]\s1 & ! describ+ ( !m 9 su* mann] z to be und]/ood by an inexp]i5c$ p]son w\ld be att5d$ ) s mu* difficulty1 t x has be5 consid]$ m advantage\s to ! read]1 to admit1 9 ?is place1 only "s ( ! mo/ important k9ds2 & m]ely to speak ( _! uses1 ref]r+ to ! figures = _! fur!r illu/ration4 #c ,?is grass has only two /am5s1 & consequ5tly belongs to ! class ,di&ria1 b x is plac$ "h = ! sake ( g5]al uni=mity4 #d ,sev]al o!r trees besides ?is produce ! r$ k9d ( res9 call$ ,dragon's ,blood4