,,! ,,s\!rn ,,lit]>y ,,mess5g]3         
,,devot$ ,,to ,,e ,,dep>tm5t ,,(        
,,lit]ature ,,& ,,! ,,f9e ,,arts4   ,au 
gr de nos desirs bi5 plus qu'au gr des  
v5ts4                                   
,crebillon's ,electre4  ,z we w1 & n z !
 w9ds w4   ,,ri*mond3 ,t4 ,w4 ,,:ite1   
,,publi%] ,,& ,,proprietor4 #ahcd-e4    
,,s\!rn ,,lit]>y ,,mess5g]4  ,,vol4 ,i4 
,,ri*mond1 ,,may #ahce4  ,,no4 #i4  ,t4 
,w4 ,,:ite1 ,,pr9t] ,,& ,,proprietor4   
,,five ,,doll>s ,,p] ,,annum4           
,,publi%]',s ,,notice4   ,! ,publi%] has
 ! pleasure ( ann\nc+ to 8 fri5ds &     
patrons t he has made an arrangem5t ) a 
g5tleman ( approv$ lit]>y ta/e &        
atta9m5ts1 to ^: especial managem5t !   
editorial dep>tm5t ( ! ,mess5g] has be5 
confid$4--,?is arrangem5t1 he confid5tly
 believes w increase ! attractions ( 8  
pages1--= besides ! ackn[l$g$ capacity (
 ! g5tleman ref]r$ to1 8 ab/raction f   
o!r pursuits w enable him to devote 8   
exclusive att5tion to ! "w4  ,) ?is     
ample assurance !re=e1 t ! public       

patronage w be met by r5ew$ ef=ts to    
give g5]al satisfaction1 ! publi%]      
e>ne/ly hopes t 8 fri5ds w aid him 9    
ext5d+ ! circulation ( ! ,mess5g]4 ,a   
reasonable enl>gem5t ( ! subscription   
li/ w af=d ! means ( occasionally       
embelli%+ its pages ) h&some draw+s &   
engrav+s--& especially sket*es ( "s ( ^?
 rem>kable natural curiosities &        
picturesque sc5es1 ) :i* ,virg9ia1 & !  
,s\!rn c\ntry g5]ally1 ab\nds4 ,9 ?is   
way ! publi%] hopes to make 8 p]iodical 
a repository ( n only e ?+ elegant 9    
lit]ature1 b ta/eful 9 ! arts2 & 8 g5]\s
 & intellig5t support]s may re/ assur$1 
t :il/ a mod]ate rew>d = 8 own labors is
 indisp5sable--8 pr9cipal aim is to     
multiply ! s\rces ( intellectual        
pleasure1 & increase ! facilities =     
improvem5t4  ,x is due to ! g5tleman :o 
has act$ z editor up to ! pres5t p]iod1 
t ! publi%] %\ld1 9 p>t+ ) him1 express 
t deep feel+ ( gratitude :i* 8 dis9t]e/$
 fri5d%ip c\ld n fail to inspire4 ,at ! 
comm5cem5t ( ! ,mess5g]1 :5 ! prospect (

 its success 0 d\btful1 & :5 _m judici\s
 fri5ds augur$ unfavorably ( !          
ent]prise1 ! late editor volunte]$ 8 aid
 to pilot ! frail b>k if possible into  
safe an*orage--nor did he des]t x until 
all d\bt ( success _h ceas$4 ,! ef=ts ( 
t g5tleman are ! m priz$1 because !y 7  
made at a consid]able sacrifice ( ease &
 leisure1 9 ! mid/ too ( avocations     
suffici5tly ardu\s to occupy ! entire   
att5tion ( mo/ m51--& because !y 7 r5d]$
 )\t hope or expectation ( rew>d4 ,& !  
publi%] embraces ?is occasion1 to decl>e
 t ! success ( ! ,mess5g] has be5       
greatly ow+ to ! judici\s managem5t ( ! 
editorial dep>tm5t by t g5tleman4 ,=    
s]vices ( s mu* value1 r5d]$ ) no o!r   
object ?an a desire to promote !        
e/abli%m5t ( a lit]>y p]iodical 9       
,virg9ia1 ! publi%] is deeply indebt$ to
 him--& ! read]s ( ! "w w1 we d\bt n1   
long rememb] 8 ef=ts 9 _! behalf4 ,to   
him belongs ! m]it ( hav+ giv5 8        
dis9t]e/$ aid 9 ! season ( its e>ly     
feebl5ess4 ,8 successor has b to foll[ 9

 ! pa? :i* has ?us be5 m>k$ out by a    
h>dy & skilful lit]>y pione]4  ,t4 ,w4  
,,:ite1 ,publi%] & ,proprietor4       ,=
 ! ,s\!rn ,lit]>y ,mess5g]4  ,,sket*es  
,,( ,,! ,,hi/ory  ,& ,pres5t ,condition 
( ,tripoli1 ) "s acc\nts ( ! o!r ,b>b>y 
,/ates4  ,no4 ,,vi4   ,9 ! la/ numb] (  
^! sket*es1 x 0 /at$ t ,hamet w5t to    
,d]ne 9 #ahji1 :]e he pass$ ! rema9d] ( 
8 life 9 quiet1 z ,bey ( ! two ,ea/]n   
,prov9ces4 ,?is has be5 s9ce discov]$ to
 be incorrect2 )9 two ye>s aft]w>ds1 he 
0 aga9 expell$ by ! ,pa%a1 = "s cause or
 pret5ce1 & oblig$ to fly ) 8 family to 
,egypt1 :]e he di$4 ,9 ,octob]1 #ahcb1 a
 man appe>$ at ! ,am]ican ,consulate 9  
,alex&ria1 :o decl>$ himself to be      
,mahomm$ ,bey1 elde/ son ( ,hamet       
,c>amalli2 he /at$ t 8 fa!r's family 7  
liv+ 9 great indig5ce at ,cairo1 & 8    
object 0 to asc]ta9 :e!r any relief c\ld
 be expect$ = !m f ! ,unit$ ,/ates4  ,! 
conduct ( ! ,bey ( ,tunis dur+ ! e>ly "p
 ( ! w> betwe5 ,tripoli & ! ,unit$      
,/ates1 has be5 already expos$4 ,he     

cont9u$ to obs]ve ! subsequ5t occurr5ces
 ) great att5tion1--manife/+ ! utmo/    
anxiety ) reg>d to ! result4 ,he saw )  
dismay ! increase ( ! ,am]ican =ces 9 ! 
,m$it]ranean1 & ! di/ress$ condition to 
:i* ,yusuf 0 r$uc$ by ! det]m9$ mann] 9 
:i* !y _h be5 employ$2 & he rightly     
conceiv$ t by ?us unveil+ ! weakness (  
"o ( ! ,b>b>y ,/ates1 ! sy/em :i* !y 7  
all int]e/$ 9 pres]v+1 0 plac$ 9        
jeop>dy4 ,) a view to av]t ! appreh5d$  
dang]1 he made frequ5t (f]s ( m$iation1 
:i* hav+ be5 decl9$1 he det]m9$ if      
possible to =ce a conclusion favorable  
to 8 int]e/s1 by a display ( ho/ile     
int5tions aga9/ ! ,unit$ ,/ates4  ,= ?is
 he soon f\nd an excuse 9 ! blockade (  
,tripoli4 ,we h se5 t he at fir/ refus$ 
to ackn[l$ge ?is blockade1 on ! j gr\nds
 t x 0 n ma9ta9$ by a compet5t =ce2 :5 t
 =ce 0 increas$ s z effectually to close
 ! port1 he insi/$1 t be+ at peace ) !  
,unit$ ,/ates1 8 vessels _h ! "r (      
proce$+ to any place )\t int]ruption by 
!m1 & t ! passport grant$ by ! ,am]ican 

,consul ought always to af=d !m         
protection f ! arm$ =ces ( 8 nation4 ,! 
passports grant$ by ! ,consuls (        
,*ri/ian p[]s 9 ! ,b>b>y /ates1 are     
m]ely c]tificates t ! vessel is own$ 9 !
 c\ntry :]e ! ,consul resides1 ) a      
/atem5t ( h] class1 h] "n & t ( h]      
capta91 & o!r p>ticul>s requisite to    
id5tify h]2 x protects ! vessel f       
det5tion or capture by ! arm$ %ips ( !  
nation 9 ^: "n x is issu$1 = "o ye> aft]
 its date4 ,! ,consul 9 va9 repres5t$   
?is to ! ,bey1 & endeavor$ to expla9 !  
pr9ciples ( blockade2 %ew+ t an attempt 
to ent] ,tripoli w\ld be a ho/ile act on
 ! "p ( ! vessel mak+ x1 b on h] "p     
only1 & %\ld n necess>ily create any    
unfri5dly feel+s betwe5 ! two gov]nm5ts2
 & t ! vessels ( sev]al ,*ri/ian nations
 _h be5 tak5 by ! ,am]ican squadron1    
:ile !y 7 ?us endeavor+ to =ce !        
blockade1 & condemn$ )\t any compla9ts  
hav+ be5 made by _! gov]nm5ts4--,to ^!  
repres5tations1 ! ,bey refus$ to li/51  
cont5d+ t ,*ri/ian laws & usages 7 n    

applicable to affairs 9 :i* ,ori5tal    
,/ates 7 conc]n$2 & decl>+ t ! capture (
 a ,tunisian vessel by ! ,am]icans w\ld 
be foll[$ by a decl>ation ( w> aga9/ !m4
  ,! "q 0 at l5g? br\ght to a direct    
issue4 ,on ! #bd? ( ,may1 an arm$ vessel
 "u ,tunisian colors1 ) two prizes1     
attempt$ to ent] ! port ( ,tripoli1 & 7 
tak5 by ! frigate ,con/itution4 ,on     
exam9ation1 x appe>$ t ! cruis]         
correspond$ 9 no po9t ) ! description 9 
! passport exhibit$ by h] capta91 :i*   
mu/ !re=e h be5 improp]ly obta9$2 & o!r 
circum/ances l$ to ! belief1 t %e 0     
,tripol9e prop]ty & mann$ by ,tripol9es1
 al?\gh comm&$ by a ,tunisian subject4  
,%e 0 ( c\rse condemn$1 & s5t ) h]      
prizes to ! ,unit$ ,/ates4  ,! rage ( ! 
,bey on be+ in=m$ ( ?is seizure 0 viol5t
 & unre/ra9$2 he insi/$ t ! ,consul %\ld
 cause ! vessels to be imm$iately       
re/or$1 & ample satisfaction to be made 
= ! injury & insult committ$ aga9/ him &
 8 subjects4 ,mr4 ,davis repli$1 t hav+ 
no p[] himself1 he c\ld only /ate ! dem&

 to ! ,commodore1 b he _h no expectation
 t x w\ld be compli$ )4 ,! ,bey1 accord+
 to ! usual policy ( ! ,b>b>y ,pr9ces1  
w\ld n admit ( ?is ref]5ce to an        
au?ority ov] :i* he c\ld h no control or
 influ5ce2 & endeavor$ by ?reats ( w> & 
( p]sonal viol5ce1 to extort f ! ,consul
 a promise t ! vessels %\ld be re/or$1 9
 ord] t he might aft]w>ds allege su*    
promise1 z ! solemn act ( ! ,am]ican    
gov]nm5t4 ,davis h[ev] rema9$ firm1 &   
transmitt$ a /atem5t ( ! :ole affair to 
,mr4 ,le>1 :i* rea*$ him (f ,tripoli1   
imm$iately aft] ! conclusion ( ! peace )
 ,yusuf4  ,9 consequ5ce ( ?is           
communication1 ! ,commodore wrote a     
lett] to ,ham\da1 decl>+ 8 dem&s        
inadmissible1 & despat*$ a frigate & a  
brig to wat* 8 movem5ts4 ,?is lett]     
increas$ ! rage ( ! ,bey2 he told !     
,consul t negotiation 0 impossible2 t he
 w\ld be =c$ into a w> by ! conduct ( ! 
,am]icans1 :o _h be5 ! fir/ to capture  
"o ( 8 cruis]s 9 "t ( peace2 & t if     
ho/ilities %\ld comm5ce1 !y w\ld n end  

:ile he _h a soldi] to fire a gun4 ,aft]
 su* indications ( 8 disposition1       
,rodg]s consid]$ t no "t 0 to be lo/1 he
 accord+ly sail$ = ,tunis1 & arriv$ 9 ! 
gulf on ! #a/ ( ,augu/2 8 =ce !n am\nt$ 
to five frigates1 two brigs1 a sloop (  
w>1 two s*oon]s1 & sev]al gun-boats4  ,a
 lett] 0 imm$iately despat*$ to ! ,bey1 
requir+ an explanation ( 8 int5tions1 & 
/at+ t unless he decl>$ !m to be fri5dly
 )9 ?irty-six h\rs1 ho/ilities w\ld be  
comm5c$ aga9/ him4 ,to ?is dem& ,ham\da 
evad$ giv+ a direct answ]2 he in=m$ !   
,consul t he _h no wi% to make w>1 until
 he _h he>d f ! ,presid5t ( ! ,unit$    
,/ates respect+ 8 vessels :i* _h be5    
captur$2 b t 9 ! meantime1 any attempt  
on ! "p ( ! ,am]icans to /op 8 cruis]s1 
or to int]rupt 8 comm]ce1 w\ld be       
consid]$ by him z a comm5cem5t (        
ho/ilities4 ,! ,commodore knew too well 
! wor?lesness ( su* v]bal assurances2 & 
det]m9$ to h "s /rong] gu>anty = _!     
p]=mance4 ,he !re=e despat*$ ,capta9    
,/eph5 ,decatur1 :o !n comm&$ ! frigate 

,congress1 to ,tunis1 ) a lett] requir+ 
( ! ,bey a writt5 decl>ation ( 8 pacific
 int5tions1 to be witness$ by ! ,engli% 
& ,fr5* ,consuls4 ,ham\da refus$ to see 
,decatur1 & %[$ s little disposition to 
come to t]ms1 t ! ,consul retir$ ) 8    
family on bo>d ! squadron4  ,%ortly aft]
 ?is1 a ,tunisian vessel attempt+ to put
 to sea1 0 fir$ on by ! ,am]icans1 & =c$
 to return into port4 ,?is circum/ance  
creat$ great con/]nation 9 ,tunis2      
bus9ess 0 susp5d$1 ! p became           
dissatisfi$1 & ! ,bey discov]$ t he mu/ 
yield4 ,he 9 consequ5ce wrote a lett] to
 ,rodg]s1 disav[+ 8 ?reats1 decl>+ 8    
will+ness to rema9 at peace1 & invit+   
,mr4 ,le>1 ) :om he _h hi!rto refus$ to 
communicate1 to come on %ore & treat )  
him on ! subject ( ! exi/+ difficulties4
 ,mr4 ,le> compli$ ) ?is invitation1 &  
sev]al conf]5ces 7 held1 9 :i* !        
,african ,pr9ce su/a9$ 8 "* = %rewdness1
 exhibit+ h[ev] a degree ( suavity &    
app>5t frankness1 :i* excit$ !          
admiration ( ! ,am]ican ,commission]4   

,support$ by ! oa?s & atte/ations ( 8   
wor?y m9i/] ! ,sapatapa1 ,ham\da gravely
 & solemnly d5i$ hav+ ev] utt]$ ?reats (
 ho/ilities aga9/ ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 or ( 
viol5ce t[>ds _! ,consul1 or ( hav+ made
 any unreasonable dem&s2 insi/+ t all ! 
difficulties _h be5 occasion$ by ,mr4   
,davis1 :om he inde$ believ$ to be a    
good man1 incapable ( any wilful        
misrepres5tation1 b :o _h mo/ /rangely  
int]pret$ "s ( 8 expressions 9 a s5se   
totally diff]5t f t int5d$1 & =gott5    
o!rs4 ,he _h inde$ ask$ = a frigate f ! 
,unit$ ,/ates2 b t 0 a reque/ su* z "o  
fri5d might make ( ano!r1 & ! refusal ( 
:i* %\ld give rise to no diff]5ce betwe5
 !m4 ,! subject ( blockades he c\ld n   
und]/&2 8 vessels _h be5 tak5 9 "t (    
peace1 & he w\ld s5d an ,ambassador to !
 ,unit$ ,/ates to dem& _! re/itution1   
al?\gh he w\ld pref] hav+ t bus9ess     
settl$ on ! spot2 9 ! meantime1 he 0    
ready to give ! /ronge/ gu>anties ( 8   
pacific int5tions4 ,no?+ m c\ld be      
dem&$4 ,a new ,consul 0 pres5t$ 9 place 

( ,mr4 ,davis1 :o refus$ to return2 & ! 
frigate ,congress hav+ be5 s5t to !     
,unit$ ,/ates1 to convey ! ,ambassador  
,sidi ,soliman ,melle-,melle1 ! re/ ( ! 
squadron quitt$ ! ,gulf ( ,tunis ab\t ! 
#a/ ( ,septemb]4  ,! ,tunisian          
,ambassador arriv$ ) 8 ret9ue at        
,wa%+ton1 :]e he excit$ great curiosity 
& att5tion4#a ,he soon made a =mal dem&1
 9 8 ma/]'s "n1 = ! re/oration ( !      
vessels1 or _! value1 :i* 0 compli$ ) f 
a desire to conciliate ! ,bey2 b ?is    
compliance enc\rag$ ! ,ambassador to    
require a supply ( naval /ores1 z !     
price ( peace = ! succe$+ ?ree ye>s1 :i*
 hav+ be5 positively refus$1 he quitt$ !
 ,unit$ ,/ates )\t retract+ ! dem&4 ,8  
ma/] h[ev] 0 at t "t engag$ 9 a w> )    
,algi]s1 & did n ?9k prop] to proce$    
f>!r 9 8 exactions2 & al?\gh attempts 7 
aft]w>ds made by him & 8 successor to   
=ce ! ,am]icans to pay tribute1 !y prov$
 always unsuccessful1 & no actual       
int]ruption ( peace betwe5 ! ,unit$     
,/ates & ,tunis has occurr$ s9ce !      

t]m9ation ( ! diff]5ce above /at$4      
,footnote #a3 ,melle-,melle is /ill     
rememb]$ 9 ,wa%+ton1 :]e 8 dresses1 8   
pres5ts1 8 pray]s1 8 ,arabian horses1 8 
refus+ to eat f sunrise to sunset dur+ a
 p>ticul> "t ( ! ye>1 7! ,ramadan or    
,mahometan ,l5t17 & o!r ( 8 ,ori5tal    
cu/oms & peculi>ities1 =m ! subjects (  
_m anecdotes4 ,among 8 att5dants 0 a    
passionate fell[ nam$ ,hadji ,mohamm$1  
:o hav+ _h a qu>rel ) a b>b] 9 ! city1  
?reat5$ to kill him4 ,! b>b] compla9$ to
 ,mr4 ,madison1 !n ,secret>y ( ,/ate1 :o
 s5t ,mr4 ,b----1 a highly respect$     
g5tleman ( 8 ,dep>tm5t1 to call on      
,melle-,melle1 & reque/ him to curb !   
impetuosity ( 8 foll[]4 ,! ,ambassador  
receiv$ ,mr4 ,b---- ) ! usual ,ori5tal  
=ms ( polit5ess1 & hav+ he>d ! compla9t1
 said a few words 9 ,arabic to "o ( 8   
att5dants1 :o w5t out1 & pres5tly       
re-appe>$ ) poor ,hadji ,mohamm$1 gu>d$ 
by f\r m5 ) drawn swords4 ,?is app>ition
 some:at a/\nd$ ,mr4 ,b----1 :o is ! mo/
 mild & amiable ( m52 & he 0 /ill m     

%ock$ :5 ,melle-,melle1 9 ! mo/ c\rte\s 
mann] express+ 8 desire to d all 9 8 p[]
 to please ! ,am]ican gov]nm5t1 (f]$ to 
h ! culprit's head tak5 (f imm$iately1 &
 s5t to ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate1 unless he  
or ! ,presid5t might pref] see+ x done  
!mselves4 ,mr4 ,b---- ( c\rse decl9$ su*
 a demon/ration ( ! ,ambassador's good  
feel+ t[>d ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 & ha/5$ to  
assure him t no su* mode ( rep>ation 0  
dem&$2 x be+ only necess>y to enjo9 ^u 8
 att5dant to refra9 f any acts (        
viol5ce4 ,?is fact 0 relat$ to ! writ]  
by ,mr4 ,b---- himself4  ,f ,tunis !    
,am]ican squadron proce$$ to ,algi]s1   
:]e ,mr4 ,le> l&$1 & 0 receiv$ ) great  
respect by ! gov]nm5t4 ,at ?is "t x w\ld
 d\btless h be5 easy to h reliev$ !     
,unit$ ,/ates f ! annual tribute ( naval
 /ores & munitions to ! value ( tw5ty-"o
 ?\s& doll>s1 :i* !y 7 b\nd to pay to t 
,reg5cy by ! treaty ( #agie2 b !        
,alg]9es _h n committ$ any notable      
infraction ( ! t]ms ( t treaty1 & !re 0 
no cause ( qu>rel4 ,9 #ahjg ! gov]nm5t (

 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 9 anticipation ( an   
imm$iate w> ) ,great ,brita91 recall$   
its naval =ces f ! ,m$it]ranean1 :i* sea
 0 n aga9 visit$ by an ,am]ican arm$    
vessel until #ahae4 ,! peace ) ,tripoli 
& ,tunis has1 h[ev]1 cont9u$ )\t any    
absolute int]ruption to ?is "t2 )       
,algi]s x 0 brok5 9 #ahab1 :5 ! ,dey1   
embold5$ by ! abs5ce ( ! ,am]ican %ips (
 w>1 & in/igat$1 z we %all %[1 by !     
,briti% gov]nm5t1 ?\ght prop] to comm5ce
 ho/ilities aga9/ ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 = :i*
 a signal retribution 0 exact$ 9 #ahae4 
,! occurr5ces ( ! w> betwe5 ,tunis &    
,algi]s w\ld be devoid ( int]e/1 h[ev]  
fai?fully relat$4 ,algi]s _h long       
ma9ta9$ a degree ( arrogant influ5ce ov]
 ,tunis1 :i* 0 v gall+ to ! sov]eigns ( 
! latt] c\ntry4 ,?is 0 effect$ p>tly by 
sup]iority 9 milit>y & naval =ces1 p>tly
 by ! aid ( ! ,ottoman ,porte1 :i* v    
naturally sid$ ) ,algi]s aga9/ a /ate   
sc>cely ackn[l$g+ its dep5dance on !    
,sultan1 b pr9cipally by bribes to !    
high (fic]s ( ! ,tunisian gov]nm5t4 ,to 

free 8 k+dom f ?is nightm>e _h be5 !    
incessant endeavor ( ,ham\da1 & 0 !     
object ( ! w>2 its results 7 favorable  
to ! ,tunisians1 bo? at sea & on l&2    
peace 0 made 9 ,septemb]1 #ahjh1 & !    
influ5ce ( ,algi]s appe>s nev] s9ce to h
 be5 felt 9 ! c\ncils ( ,tunis4  ,f     
#ahjg to #ahae1 ! ,m$it]ranean 0        
navigat$ by few vessels except ^? (     
,great ,brita91 :i* 7 =bidd5 fruit to ! 
,b>b>y cruis]s2 almo/ _! only prey be+ !
 mis]able inhabitants ( ,sicily1        
,s>d9ia1 & ev5 ( ! ,greek ,isl&s1 al?\gh
 ! latt] 7 subject to ! ,sultan4 ,"o    
circum/ance "h %[s t ! gov]nm5t ( ,great
 ,brita9 /ill *]i%$ ! sy/em ( enc\rag+  
piracy 9 ! ,m$it]ranean1 z a means (    
exclud+ o!r nations f its comm]ce4      
,sicily rema9$ dur+ ! :ole ( ! p]iod    
above m5tion$1 absolutely 9 possession (
 ! ,briti%1 ! au?ority ( ! k+ be+ ne>ly 
nom9al4 ,yet1 al?\gh its vessels 7 daily
 attack$1 & its inhabitants c>ri$ (f f !
 coa/s to slav]y 9 ,africa1 a truce     
negotiat$ ) ,algi]s 9 #ahaj1 & an       

occasional remon/rance to ! o!r two     
p[]s1 :i* 0 nev] att5d$ to1 7 ! only    
measures adopt$ to rem$y ! evil1 by ^?  
:o /yl$ !mselves ! protectors ( ! isl&4 
,to ! honor ( ! ,am]icans1 x c be said )
 tru?1 t 9 _! ,consuls ! unhappy        
captives f\nd fri5ds1 & t ?r\gh ! active
 int]cession ( ^! ag5ts1 _m ( !m 7      
re/or$ to _! homes4  ,! ,pa%a (         
,tripoli1 z soon z he 0 reliev$ f !     
pres5ce ( ! ,am]ican =ces1 began ) great
 indu/ry to re/ore tranquillity 9 8     
dom9ions1 & to repair 8 f9ances :i* _h  
be5 exhau/$ by ! w>4 ,z he 0 almo/ %ut  
out f ! sea1 he resolv$ to e/abli% &    
ext5d 8 au?ority on l&4 ,! fix$         
population ( ?is reg5cy is small1 &     
almo/ entirely conf9$ to ! few f]tile   
spots on ! coa/2 ! int]ior be+          
pr9cipally des]t or m\nta9\s1 is        
inhabit$ by ,arabs1 :o w&] ) _! flocks f
 pa/ure to pa/ure1 or are engag$ 9 !    
transportation ( m]*&ize1 or live by    
plund]+ _! m indu/ri\s neighbors4 ,!    
allegiance ( ^! w&]]s is always d\btful2

 ! rev5ue d]iv$ f tax+ !m is small1 & is
 nev] obta9$ )\t consid]able difficulty4
 ,:5ev] ! ,pa%a is kn[n to be 9 tr\ble  
at home1 !y become refractory1 refuse to
 pay _! tribute1 & attack ! c>avans or  
t[ns on ! coa/2 seldom inde$ does a ye> 
pass 9 :i* ! sov]eign ( ,tripoli is n   
engag$ 9 w> ) "s ( _! tribes4 ,( ^!     
tribes1 "o call$ ! ,wal$ ,suleiman _h   
long be5 =midable = its numb]s & its    
rebelli\s disposition2 "u a d>+ &       
sagaci\s *ief ! ,%eik ,safanissa1 x _h  
set at defiance ! p[] ( ! ,pa%a1 & _h   
frequ5tly pu%$ its inroads to ! gates ( 
! capital4 ,safanissa at l5g? di$2      
al?\gh 8 desc5dants 7 brave & tra9$ to  
w>1 & 8 tribe cont9u$ to be p[]ful &    
influ5tial1 yet ! magic ( 8 pres5ce 0   
want+1 to ma9ta9 t supremacy :i* x _h s 
long boa/$4 ,yusuf saw ?is1 & det]m9$ if
 possible to ext]m9ate ^! insol5t foes4 
,he began by ga9+ ov] to 8 side ano!r   
p[]ful tribe call$ ! ,wal$ ,mag>ra1 !   
h]$it>y rivals & enemies ( ! ,suleimans2
 & :5 he _h suffici5tly secur$ _!       

fidelity1 he /ruck a bl[ :i* prov$      
p]fectly successful1 & by :i* he ga9$   
ano!r object long consid]$ important by 
! sov]eigns ( ,tripoli4  ,9 ! ,des]t s\?
 ( ?is reg5cy1 is a l>ge tract (        
habitable c\ntry call$ ,fezzan4 ,!      
great] "p ( its surface is inde$ a /]ile
 wa/e ( s&1 b !re are _m small spots    
conta9+ clay en\gh to r5d] !m capable ( 
produc+ dates & "s o!r articles = !     
support ( m5 & bea/s4 ,! labor (        
cultivation is h[ev] v great1 z x seldom
 or nev] ra9s1 & !re be+ nei!r spr+s nor
 riv]s1 ! wat] necess>y = moi/5+ ! e>? c
 only be procur$ f wells4 ,almo/ ! only 
articles ( export are dates & salt1 :i* 
latt] is procur$ 9 great quantities f ! 
bord]s ( /agnant pools1 & c>ri$ to !    
coa/ ( ! ,m$it]ranean1 & to ! negro     
c\ntries s\? ( ! des]t4 ,x is inhabit$  
pr9cipally by a black race1 diff]+ 9    
feature h[ev] f ! negroes2 !re are also 
_m ,arabs & "s ,moors1 mak+ 9 all p]haps
 sev5ty ?\s& ( ! poore/ & mo/ mis]able (
 ! human species4 ,! sov]eignty _h long 

be5 h]$it>y 9 a family orig9ally f      
,morocco1 :i* ackn[l$g$ its dep5dance on
 ,tripoli2 b ! ,sultan ( ,fezzan1 l !   
,arabs1 seldom paid 8 tribute :5 he c\ld
 avoid x2 & ! exp5se ( collect+1 _h     
inde$ ( late ye>s1 am\nt$ to m ?an ! sum
 obta9$4 ,su* a t]ritory & su*          
inhabitants w\ld sc>cely seem to (f] any
 inducem5ts to conque/2 b ! position (  
,fezzan r5d]s x important to ,tripoli1 z
 ?r\gh x passes ! pr9cipal r\te f ! coa/
 to ! int]ior ( ! cont95t2 & ,yusuf 0   
well assur$ t ! ,sultan obta9$ a l>ge   
rev5ue by exactions f 8 subjects1 & f ! 
num]\s c>avans :i* trav]s$ 8 dom9ions4  
,he 0 !re=e anxi\s to h 8 %>e1 & 0 ! m  
enrag$ at ! insol5ce ( ?is ,pr9ce 9     
)hold+ x1 z he 0 support$ & enc\rag$ 9 s
 do+ by an alliance ) ! ,wal$ ,suleiman4
 ,at l5g? 9 #ahaa1 ,yusuf seiz$ a mom5t 
:5 ! ,suleimans 7 abs5t on a =ay 9 !    
,egyptian t]ritory1 & s5t an army (     
,tripol9es & ,mag>ra ,arabs to ,fezzan1 
"u "o ( 8 mo/ atta*$ & exp]i5c$ g5]als1 
nam$ ,mahomet el ,mukni1 :o 0 well      

acqua9t$ ) ! c\ntry1 f hav+ visit$ x    
sev]al times to receive ! tribute4 ,^!  
troops rapidly pass$ ! ,gh>ian m\nta9s1 
:i* sep>ate ,tripoli f ,fezzan1 & appe>$
 unexpect$ly be=e ,morz\k1 ! capital ( !
 latt] k+dom2 ?is t[n1 built ( mud1 &   
def5d$ only by a wall & ca/le ( ! same  
mat]ial1 0 easily tak51 ! ,sultan & 8   
family1 ) _m ( ! pr9cipal inhabitants1 7
 put to dea?1 ! re/ submitt$ to !       
invad]s1 & ! :ole c\ntry 0 soon 9 _!    
possession4 ,! neighbor+ ,arabs ov]aw$  
by ?is success1 flock$ to ,mukni's /&>d1
 & hav+ receiv$ a re9=cem5t ( ,tripol9e 
troops1 he m>*$ to int]cept ! ,wal$     
,suleimans on _! return f ,egypt2 !y 7  
met1 defeat$1 & almo/ ext]m9at$4 ,abdi  
,zaleel1 "o ( ! gr&sons ( ,safanissa1 0 
made prison]1 & reta9$ = "s "t by !     
,pa%a z a ho/age = ! fidelity ( ! few ^:
 lives 7 sp>$4 ,z a rew>d = ! g5]al%ip  
display$ by ,mukni1 ,yusuf appo9t$ him  
,gov]nor ( ,fezzan1 ) ! title ( ,sultan 
:ile 9 t t]ritory2 he 0 requir$ h[ev]1  
to transmit a l>ge am\nt ( tribute1 &   

also to make an annual inroad into !    
negro c\ntries ly+ s\? ( ! ,des]t1 = !  
purpose ( br++ away slaves1 :o 7        
aft]w>ds s5t to ,tripoli1 & !nce to !   
m>kets ( ,smyrna & ,con/ant9ople4  ,by  
^! means ! p[] ( ! ,pa%a 0 mu* /r5g!n$1 
& 8 rev5ues increas$2 b 8 sons grew up  
to manhood1 & he began to receive f !m !
 same ungrateful treatm5t :i* he _h     
display$ t[>ds 8 own fa!r4 ,8 elde/1    
,mohamm$1 :o z heir to ! cr[n1 bore !   
title ( ,bey1 & comm&$ ! troops1 is     
univ]sally repres5t$ z "o ( ! mo/       
complete mon/]s :i* ev5 ,africa has     
produc$4 ,he fir/ excit$ ! jeal\sy ( 8  
fa!r 9 #ahaf1 by ! pur*ase ( a l>ge     
numb] ( muskets1 :i* 7 probably int5d$ =
 ! purpose ( arm+ 8 foll[]s & de?ron+ ! 
,pa%a2 = ?is he 0 ord]$ to g to ,b5gazi1
 & !re take ! comm& ( "s troops de/9$ to
 act aga9/ a tribe ( refractory ,arabs4 
,9 ?is exp$ition he 0 entirely          
successful2 t is to say1 he ext]m9at$ ! 
rebelli\s tribes1 laid wa/e ! c\ntry :i*
 !y _h infe/$1 & s5t a numb] ( heads1 ( 

bo? fri5ds & enemies1 to adorn ! gates (
 8 fa!r's ca/le4 ,on 8 return to        
,tripoli1 he probably consid]$ ^! em95t 
s]vices z entitl+ him to ! imm$iate     
possession ( ! ?rone1 & ) t view he made
 an attempt on ,yusuf's life2 x fail$1 &
 he 0 aga9 s5t to ! ,ea/]n ,prov9ces1 to
 act aga9/ ano!r tribe :o _h refus$ to  
pay tribute4 ,mohamm$ h[ev]1 imm$iately 
on 8 arrival1 jo9$ ! rebels1 & plund]$ !
 c\ntry :i* he 0 ord]$ to def5d4 ,yusuf 
0 !re=e oblig$ to s5d an army aga9/ him 
"u 8 second son ,ahm$1 :o disp]s$ 8     
bro!r's =ces & drove him into ,egypt4 ,!
 in/ances ( trea*]y & cruelty practis$  
on ea* side dur+ ?is w>1 are too %ock+  
to be relat$4 ,! pr9cipal inhabitants ( 
:ole t[ns 7 murd]$2 ho/ages 7 behead$ at
 ! mom5t /ipulat$ = _! return2 promises 
( p>don confirm$ by appeals to ! common 
fai? ( bo? p>ties 7 %amelessly brok51 & 
^? :o tru/$ to !m sacrific$ 9 cold      
blood4 ,! result ( ! :ole 0 ! promotion 
( ,ahm$ to ! situation ( ,bey1 & !      
e/abli%m5t ( ! rebelli\s ,mohamm$ z     

,gov]nor ( ,d]ne4  ,not)/&+ ^! pro(s (  
,yusuf's p]fidy & f]ocity1 he became    
popul> ) ,europeans2 & ^? :o 7 introduc$
 to him1 g5]ally came away favorably    
impress$ ) reg>d to 8 "*1 & 7 incl9$ to 
attribute 8 excesses m to 8 situation   
?an to 8 disposition4 ,he spoke ,italian
 flu5tly1 & seem$ to be well acqua9t$ ) 
:at 0 go+ on 9 ! _w3 8 c\rt 0 spl5did2 8
 ap>tm5ts furni%$ ) elegance & ta/e2 he 
drank ! be/ *ampaigne :i* ,france       
produc$1 & 8 mann]s are said to h be5   
su* z to entitle him to be consid]$ a   
g5tleman any :]e4 ,! celebrat$          
,portuguese1 ,badia ,ca/ilho1 ^: travels
 & adv5tures "u ! "n ( ,ali ,bey1 are s 
well kn[n1 seems to h be5 *>m$ by !     
frankness & am5ity ( ! ,pa%a ( ,tripoli4
 ,capta9 ,bee*y1 :o 0 s5t by ! ,briti%  
,admiralty 9 #ahbb1 to survey ! %ores ( 
! great ,syrtis1 speaks ) gratitude ( ! 
read9ess ) :i* facilities 7 af=d$ him = 
! prosecution ( ! "w4 ,lyon1 ,d5ham &   
,clapp]ton1 al?\gh !y all exp]i5c$ _m   
vexations 9 _! j\rney ?r\gh ! ,tripol9e 

dom9ions1 yet seem$ to ascribe !m r to !
 malignity & knav]y ( ! (fic]s ( !      
gov]nm5t1 ?an to any ill int5tions on ! 
"p ( ! *ief4 ,to ^? :o 7 n 8 subjects1 !
 good old-g5tlemanly vice ( av>ice seems
 to h be5 8 pr9cipal fail+4 ,8 own      
habits 7 exp5sive1 & 8 sons1 by _!      
prodigality1 kept 8 c(f]s always empty4 
,to ! ,am]ican (fic]s & ,consuls1 he has
 be5 mo/ scrupul\sly att5tive1 & has    
sev]al times %ewn 8 anxiety to prev5t   
any difficulties f aris+ ) ! gov]nm5t ( 
! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,on all public         
occasions1 !re has be5 a /ruggle =      
prec$5ce betwe5 ! ,briti% & ,fr5*       
,consuls2 ^? ( o!r ,european nations n  
v5tur+ to advance any claims = !mselves4
 ,! ,unit$ ,/ates h be5 =tunately       
repres5t$ 9 ,tripoli by det]m9$ m51 :o1 
:ile !y ridicul$ ! etiquette 9 !        
ab/ract1 det]m9$ to admit no inf]iority 
9 a c\ntry :]e x 0 consid]$ z ess5tially
 important2 !y h !re=e uni=mly ma9ta9$  
_! rights1 ! ,pa%a %ew+ a disposition to
 aid !m z f> z he c\ld4  ,a s]i\s       

affair1 h[ev]1 occurr$ 9 ,septemb]1     
#ahah1 :i* 0 v ne> produc+ a rupture    
betwe5 ,tripoli & ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,mr4 
,r4 ,b4 ,jones1 ! ,am]ican ,consul1 :ile
 on a %oot+ excursion 9 ! vic9ity ( !   
city1 0 attack$ by two negroes1 & beat54
 ,! negroes 7 discov]$ to be ! slaves ( 
,morat ,rais ! ,admiral1 & !re 0 reason 
to believe t !y _h be5 set on by !      
,scot* r5egade1 :o always rema9$ ! bitt]
 enemy ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,inve/igations
 7 made1 by ! results ( :i* ?is         
suspicion 0 confirm$1 & ,morat f9d+     
himself 9 dang]1 s\ght an asylum 9 !    
,briti% ,consulate4 ,mr4 ,jones dem&$ ! 
public puni%m5t ( ! slaves1 & ! bani%m5t
 ( ! ,admiral f ! ,reg5cy1 dur+ !       
pleasure ( ! ,presid5t ( ! ,unit$       
,/ates4 ,yusuf made e endeavor to evade 
! latt]1 (f]+ in/ead to ba/9ado ! slaves
 z long z ,mr4 ,jones might please1 or  
to /rike (f _! heads if t 7 requir$4 ,he
 urg$ t ! ,briti% ,consul 0 entitl$ to  
protect all fugitives1 by ! immemorial  
cu/om ( ! place1 & t to drag him f 8    

asylum w\ld be to involve ,tripoli 9 a  
w> ) ,great ,brita94 ,! ,briti% ,consul1
 on 8 "p1 insi/$ t ,morat 0 a subject ( 
,great ,brita91 & z su*1 liable only to 
be tri$ by him4 ,mr4 ,jones refus$ to   
li/5 to any ( ^! repres5tations1 & 0    
prep>+ to leave ! place ) 8 family1 :5  
,yusuf yield$4 ,! slaves 7 publicly     
ba/9ado$1 & _! ma/] bani%$ f ,tripoli = 
life4 ,?ree ye>s aft]1 h[ev]1 ,mr4      
,jones 0 induc$ by ! repres5tations ( ! 
,pa%a1 to reque/ t ! ,presid5t w\ld     
p]mit him to return1 :i* 0 9 consequ5ce 
grant$4  ,_m *anges _h 9 ! mean "t tak5 
place 9 ,tunis4 ,9 ! mon? ( ,septemb]1  
#ahac1 ,ham\da ,bey1 :ile tak+ a cup (  
c(fee1 aft] a long day's fa/ 9 !        
,ramadan1 fell d[n & expir$4 ,x has be5 
already /at$1 t he 0 n ! rightful heir  
to ! ?rone1 accord+ to ! ,european laws 
( succession1 = ,mahm\d & ,ismael1 !    
sons ( ,mahm$ an eld] bro!r ( 8 fa!r1 7 
/ill alive1 reta9$ z /ate prison]s 9 !  
palace4 ,on ! dea? ( ,ham\da1 8 bro!r   
,o?man assum$ ! cr[n1 & held x = ne>ly  

two ye>s2 b he _h a p[]ful enemy 9 !    
,sapatapa ,sidi ,yusuf1 :o 0 anxi\s to  
gov]n himself1 & consid]$ t ! ag$       
,mahm\d w\ld be a m conv5i5t            
repres5tative ( royalty4 ,! troops 7    
accord+ly corrupt$1 & on ! #ai? (       
,janu>y1 #ahae1 ,o?man 0 murd]$ by ! h& 
( ,mahm\d himself1 :o1 hav+ also        
despat*$ ,o?man's two sons1 assum$ !    
title & p[] ( ,bey1 )\t opposition4 ,!  
,sapatapa1 ! contriv] ( ?is la/         
revolution1 soon receiv$ ! j rew>d ( 8  
villa9y3 he 0 anxi\s to enjoy ! title1 z
 well z ! p[] ( a sov]eign ( ,tunis1 &  
prep>$ to dispose ( ,mahm\d & 8 family4 
,8 plans 71 h[ev]1 reveal$1 & on ! night
 on :i* !y 7 to h be5 execut$1 he 0     
himself murd]$ z he 0 retir+ to 8       
ap>tm5t 9 ! palace ( ,b>do1 aft] hav+   
sp5t ! ev5+ 9 bus9ess ) ! ,bey1 & 9     
play+ *ess ) 8 elde/ son ,hassan4 ,8    
imm5se prop]ty 0 confiscat$1 & 8 body 0 
dragg$ by ! infuriat$ populace ?r\gh !  
/reets1 ) e m>k ( indignity4 ,mahm\d    
held ! ?rone )\t any s]i\s difficulty   

until 8 dea?1 9 #ahbd4 ,8 bro!r ,ismael 
_h no *ildr51 & 0 n a p]son likely to   
give him any appreh5sion4 ,he is        
repres5t$ z hav+ be5 a m]ry in(f5sive   
old g5tleman1 fond ( punn+1 a great lov]
 & judge ( w9e :i* he call$ v9eg>1 out (
 respect = ! ,koran1 & an invet]ate     
newspap] politician4 ,x is difficult to 
imag9e an ,african ,pr9ce ( ?is "*4 ,on 
! dea? ( ,mahm\d1 8 elde/ son1 ,hassan1 
succe$$1 :o is ! pres5t ,bey4       ,= !
 ,s\!rn ,lit]>y ,mess5g]4  ,,to         
,,m>gu]ite4     ,:]e is my fri5d8 ,i    
langui% "h--     ,:]e is my own sweet   
fri5d8   ,) all ^? looks ( love s de>1  
,:]e grace & beauty bl5d6    ,i miss ^? 
social w9t] h\rs     ,) h] ,i us$ to    
sp5d1   ,n[ *e]less are my summ] b[]s-- 
,:]e is my own lov'd fri5d8    ,our     
sweete/ joys1 l fl[]s may rise1     ,&  
all _! fragrance l5d1   ,yet my sick    
he>t )9 me dies--     ,:]e is my own    
sweet fri5d8    ,! w9d+ brooks1 l di/ant
 lute1     ,_! murmur+ :isp]s s5d2   ,! 
e*oes ( my s\l are mute--     ,:]e is my

 own de> fri5d8  ,m4       ,= ! ,s\!rn  
,lit]>y ,mess5g]4  ,,to ,,ann4     ,i w 
n cross ?y pa? aga9     ,:ile ,e>? %all 
/& or ,ocean roll1   ,= ?\ ha/ r5t !    
bond 9 twa9     ,t fett]'d long my      
/ruggl+ s\l4    ,= me ! _w no m c br+   
,a smile to love1 a fr[n to fe>2   ,!   
bird t so>s on wilde/ w+1     ,ha?      
/rong] ties to *a9 him "h4              
,to-morr['s sun %all s9k to me          
,b5ea? lone ocean's cav]ns deep--       
,to-morr['s sun %all glide f !e1        
,beh9d yon =e/'s wav+ sweep4    ,& ?\   
%alt m>k 8 f>ewell beams     ,o'er lov'd
 famili> objects play2   ,b w !y r\se ! 
fairy dreams     ,t once ende>'d ! close
 ( day8    ,i %all n he$1 9 climes af>1 
,?y "n--'twill be a s\nd unhe>d1   ,& "t
 & di/ance d\bly m>     ,! fitful dream 
t ?\ ha/ /irr'd4    ,i %all n long      
rememb] !e1     ,mid' pr\d] s*emes &    
objects /range2   ,?y scorn ha? set !   
captive free1     ,& b\ndless n[ %all be
 8 range4    ,& :ile a sund]'d pa? %all 
own     ,my bosom n[1 z cold z ?9e1     

,to me ?y doom %all re/ unkn[n1     ,z  
?\ %alt no?+ "k ( m9e4    ,if o'er !e   
pale disease %\ld creep     ,& m>k !e = 
an e>ly grave1--   ,no m\rn+ voice %all 
cross ! deep1     ,no te> %all swell !  
ea/]n wave4    ,if long & ble/ ?y life  
%\ld be1     ,& fall l leaves :5 fro/ is
 come1--   ,unconsci\s all1 ! sull5 sea 
,w be> no e*o f ?y tomb4    ,unkn[n mu/ 
be ?y smiles or te>s3     ,yet          
sometimes1 at ! f>ewell h\r1   ,! book (
 fate unclasp'd appe>s1     ,& half     
imp>ts a prophet's p[]4    ,try to =get6
 ,! "t may be     ,:5 ,fancy %all )hold 
h] sway1   ,& blissful dreams no m = !e 
,%all sport 9 sunset's gold5 ray4       
,try to =get6 ,?y calm ( pride     ,may 
s9k to waveless1 wa/e despair1   ,l h]  
^: homew>d glance descri$     ,heav5's  
%[] ( flame desc5d+ !re4    ,try to     
=get6 ,?y peace ( m9d     ,may *ange to 
passion's bla/+ /orm2   ,:5 spirits ( ! 
pa/ unb9d     ,! %r\d f ,pleasure's fad$
 =m4    ,pray to =get6 ,:5 *ill disda9  
,%all haply tell t love is fl$1   ,& ?\ 

%alt gaze1 b gaze 9 va91     ,on eyes   
:]e ,passion's light is dead2    ,!n    
turn !e n to =m] days--     ,rememb] n  
?is h\r ( pride   ,t bani%'d "o1 :o b to
 raise1     ,to %ield1 to bless !e1 w\ld
 h di$4    ,! %aft t flies f ,sorr['s b[
     ,:5 ,fate w\ld /]ne/ wra? employ1  
,is f> less /eel'd ) pres5t woe     ,?an
 poison'd ) rememb]'d joy4  ,norfolk1   
,septemb] #ac1 #ahcd4       ,= ! ,s\!rn 
,lit]>y ,mess5g]4  ,,my ,,native ,,l&4  
,,by ,,lucy ,t4 ,,johnson4     ,i       
return'd to my own native l&1     ,& ,i 
s\ght = ! spot ,i _h lov$1   ,:]e ! rose
 & ! lily _h bloom'd 'nea? my h&1     ,&
 my foot/eps 9 *ildhood _h rov$4    ,i  
saw--b ,i wept at ! *ange     ,long ye>s
 _h ?r[n ov] ! sc5e2--   ,x 0 !re--b !  
des]t's wild1 desolate range     ,0     
m>k'd :]e ! g>d5 _h be54    ,i look'd = 
! cottage ( :ite1     ,z x /ood half    
conceal'd1 half disclos$1   ,by ! rose  
tree & v9e :i* encircl$ x q1     ,ne> ! 
sod :]e my fa!rs repos$4    ,x 0 gone--b
 ! *imney 0 !re1     ,! sad relic ( long

 vani%'d ye>s2   ,& ! ?orn & ! bri] n[  
embrac$1 or 7 ne>1     ,:]e my k9dr$ _h 
buri$ _! c>es4    ,i look'd = ! valley &
 /ream1     ,:]e ! b[] & grove int]tw9$2
   ,:]e ! wild hunt] boy (t indulg$ 9 8 
dream     ,( delights he 0 nev] to f9d4 
,! valley & /ream--!y 7 !re1     ,b !   
%ade ( ! gre5 wood _h pass'd2   ,! /ream
 0 a wild :]e ! s]p5t might lair1     ,9
 t vale's ev] %ad[less wa/e4    ,i      
look'd = ! m\nta9 & hill1     ,:]e !    
hunt] delight$ to /ray1   ,& :]e at !   
twilight1 ! lone :ippoorwill     ,_h    
p\r'd =? 8 an*orite lay4    ,!y 7 !re--b
 ! hunt] 0 gone1     ,& ! s\nd ( 8 bugle
 0 hu%'d2   ,& ! torr5t 0 !re--b !      
light-foot$ fawn     ,drank n at its    
f\nt z x ru%'d4    ,i look'd = ! fri5ds 
,i lov'd be/2     ,! fri5ds ( my e>lie/ 
*oice2   ,!y _h gone to t b\rne :]e !   
dead are at re/1     ,or cold 0 ea*     
c>e-/rick5 voice4    ,! liv+ 7 !re--b 7 
*ill'd     ,by ! impr9t ( age & its     
c>es2   ,!y met me--j met me--&         
he>tlessly smil$1     ,= _! fri5d%ip _h 

fl$ ) _! ye>s4    ,adieu to !e--l& ( !  
leal1     ,fair l& ( ! blue-vault$ sky2 
,?o' ,i g--yet ! he>t ?us inspir$ to    
feel1     ,%all rememb] !e (t ) a sigh4 
,elf9 ,moor1 ,va4 ,janu>y #ad1 #ahce4   
,= ! ,s\!rn ,lit]>y ,mess5g]4  ,,to ,,my
 ,,*ild4  ,,by ,,p]t9ax ,,placid4       
,:y gaze/ ?\1 my elde/ born1 my be/     
belov$ boy1   ,^u ?y fa!r's cl\d$ br[1 z
 if x m>r'd ?y joy--   ,z ,if x *ill'd  
?y little he>t1 su* sadd5'd looks to    
see1   ,& gave a m\rnful presage ( ?y   
own d>k de/9y8--   ,:y do/ ?\ /op ?y    
frolic play1 & ) inquir+ eye1   ,look+  
up into my ?\ghtful face1 brea! some?+ l
 a sigh8   ,?y little h& ^u my knee1 ?y 
neck ?r[n g5tly back1   ,& ?9e (f]'d    
kiss1 to tempt my ?o'ts f _! d>k &      
dre>y track4     ,yes1 t *ildi% kiss c  
w9 me back to mom5t>y peace1   ,& ?y s(t
 embrace c bid a:ile my bosom's sadness 
cease--   ,= 9 my _s's w&]+s1 :5 ! pa/ )
 pa9 ,i tread1   ,or pry into ! future )
 m+l$ hope & dread1   ,/ill ?\1 my *ild1
 9 all my ?o'ts1 sad ?o' !y be1 ha/ "p1 

,& ( ?y aft]-life ,i muse1 ) a fa!r's   
anxi\s he>t4   ,ev5 n[ ?\ smile/ w9n+ly1
 to bid me smile aga91   ,& ?y looks (  
joy & innoc5ce revive ! he>t1 z ra9     
,revives ! droop+1 )]'d fl[]1 9         
,autumn's *illy day1   ,:5 w9ds & /orms 
its summ] leaves1 "o by "o h r5t away4  
,oh _m a sad & heavy h\r my he>t has    
felt = !e1   ,& _m a pray] my lips h    
brea?'d t heav5 ?y guide may         be1
   ,?r\gh\t ! giddy maze ( life1 & f    
sorr[ keep !e free4   ,n f ^? griefs t  
all mu/ feel1 :o tread ?is pa? (        
c>e1   ,& t weigh on e bosom doom'd !   
fate ( man to be>--   ,b f ! deep regret
 ,i feel = _m a wa/$ h\r1   ,& f ! gnaw+
 ( remorse1 unbridl$ passion's d[]3   ,t
 ?\ may'/ e>ly le>n to *eck ?y fancy's  
trea*]\s gl[1   ,nor pa9t too fair !    
face ( ?+s1 ! d>k rev]se to "k--   ,nor1
 f$ by ,hope1 too long believ$1 :5 %e   
has tak5 w+1   ,look r\nd !e on ! human 
face z on a hat$ ?+4   ,oh nev] may'/ ?\
 deem ! _w :at x has seem'd to me1   ,! 
field ( /rife :]e ,virtue falls 'nea?   

fraud & trea*]y3   ,& may'/ ?\ by no sad
 rev]se1 man's d>k] passions "k1   ,nor 
prove1 :5 =tunes *ange1 t fri5ds c deal 
!         heavie/ bl[1   ,t he :o %>$ ?y
 inmo/ s\l1 may prove ?y deadlie/ foe4  
,ev5 n[1 ^u ?y g5tle face1 too pla9ly ,i
 behold   ,! impress ( ?y future        
life--?y de/9y =etold4   ,t noble br[1 s
 fe>less1 t eye s bold & free1          
,bespeak a s\l undim'd by aught ( wrong 
or p]fidy--   ,! dream+ pauses 'mid/ ?y 
play1 z if ( sudd5 ?\ght1   ,! speak+   
glances ( ?9e eye1 :5 ) hope & gladness 
fraught--   ,^! tell a tale ( aft]      
times1 :5 ,i no m %all guide   ,! w&'r+s
 ( ?y y\?ful feet1 or lead !e by my     
side--   ,:5 ! fondness ( a fa!r's love 
?\ nev] m can/ "k1   ,& ,i %all 9 an    
e>ly grave sleep tranquilly & l[4   ,t  
eag] glance1 t buoyant /ep1 t %\t s full
 ( glee1   ,tell me t ?\ 9 manhood's    
?rongs wilt be> !e manfully--   ,t ?\   
wilt tru/ to ^? :o swe>1 9 love or      
fri5d%ip1         tru?1   ,& m\rn1 l me1
 ! illusion o'er1 ! errors ( ?y y\?4    

,!n be x s--spe$ on ?y race1 ?ro' sun%9e
 & ?ro' %ade3   ,fair be ?y "y          
imag9+s--= ah1 !y all mu/ fade--   ,&   
may'/ ?\1 :5 ! visions pass1 t o'er ?y  
slumb]s b5d1   ,:5 life gr[s d>k1 &     
he>ts gr[ cold1 f9d ?\ ha/ /ill a       
fri5d1   ,^: fai? ! t]rors _c %ake (    
life's mo/ /ormy h\r1   ,true to ! la/1 
be =tune ?9e1 or :5 mis=tune l[]4   ,b  
/ill1 %\ld ke5 adv]sity1 r5d e human    
tie1   ,be> ?y pr\d s\l above ! wreck1 !
 tempe/'s rage defy4     ,look on my    
face aga91 fair boy1 ! cl\ds h pass$    
away--   ,i tru/ !e to t bett] guide1 :o
 *ecks u :5 we /ray4   ,& if ! ?orn mu/ 
w\nd u /ill1 :5e'er we pluck ! rose1    
,8 wisdom1 :i* inflicts1 c tea* to be>  
life's _m woes4   ,come !n1 & kiss ?y   
fa!r1 boy1--8 br[ no m is d>k2   ,smile 
once aga91 pursue ?y play1 & c>ol l !   
l>k4       ,= ! ,s\!rn ,lit]>y ,mess5g]4
  ,,to ----4     ,?\ ar* magician6      
emphasise ! ar*6     ,i w\ld n--= an    
(fice--h x said   ,t ,i apo/rophiz$     
ano!r--m>*     ,:]e'er ,i w1 ?y /rategy 

has spread   ,= me1 alas6 su* ambuscades
 & toils1   ,i fe> ?\ seek'/ to add me  
to ?y spoils4    ',tis1 by my holidame6 
no m a je/     ,to cope ) !e1 ?an him1  
^: subtle s*emes   ,*eat an enlight5$   
p's greate/1 be/--     ,:ile ?\ art     
tickl+ 9 _! d[ny dreams1   ,"s half     
score maid5s1 putt+ !m 9 m9d   ,to play 
! devil--j z !y're incl9$4         99   
99       99       99       99    ,)     
woman's eyes ?\ ha/ my he>t assail$1    
,yet ,i )/ood !m4 ,lips & tee? 9 va9    
,coral & pe>ls out%one--=m1 features    
fail$     ,to b9d me captive 9 ?y       
trea*]\s *a92   ,i "k n :y1 b fancy "s  
bright %ield   ,ha? sav$ me sca?less f !
 well f\ght field6         99       99  
99       99       99    ,p]haps x 0 h]  
eyes--_! fla%+ light     ,mu/ h rem9d$  
me ( qu5*less fire3   ,x may h be5 h]   
tee?--_! dazzl+ :ite     ,might h9t     
,t>t>ic sn[s ?an ,&es high]1   ,:]e     
%riek ! damn$ f e froz5 clime1   ,w>n+  
poor tempt$ s\ls to flee f crime4#a     
,p]haps h] lips =etok5$ coals z r$--    

,p]haps h] faultlessness ( =m might tell
   ,( ru9$ ,ar*-angelic beauties1 l$    
,by ,love or ,pride's s$uction1 d[n to  
hell--   ,b h[ 'twas possible ,i c't    
div9e1   ,to look ^u h] foot & ?9k (    
?9e6  ,footnote #a3 ,a hot region has no
 t]rors = ! ,lapl&]s4 ,none b a v cold  
place ( puni%m5t is adapt$ to _!        
imag9ation4       ,= ! ,s\!rn ,lit]>y   
,mess5g]4  ,,l9es  ,writt5 9 an ,album1 
on pages betwe5 :i* sev]al leaves _h be5
 cut out4     ,:at leaves 7 ^! s rudely 
torn away8     ,^: immortality ?us      
r\ghly foil$8   ,:at aphori/ic dogs h _h
 _! day1     ,& ( _! hopes be5 sudd5ly  
despoil$8    ,^: leaf 0 ?is8 & :at !    
bay-wrea?'d "n     ,:i* "h its gl[+     
fancies did rehe>se8   ,:at 0 ! subject 
:i* x doom$ to ,fame8     ,^: knife or  
scissors did t doom rev]se8    ,"h      
gallant knights1 imag9+ ! w+s     ,( !  
fam$ ,pegasus su/a9$ !m1 so>+1          
,fiddl$1 ?\ false "o6 on _! own         
he>t/r+s1     ,:il/ ?\ ?y s\l 9 laught] 
w]t outp\r+6    ,a score ( petty m9/rels

 might h la91     ,&1 l ! ,abbey        
,sleep]s1 f\nd good ly+   ,9 ?is brief  
space--b none1 alas6 rema91     ,?\'/   
s5t _! a%es to ! f\r w9ds fly+6         
,behold my ,muse1 ,colossus l1 be/ride  
,! fall5 honors ( ea* beau & lov]--     
,gho/s ( dep>t$ songs1 t "h h di$1      
,h[ _m ( ye n[ d o'er me hov]8          
,me?\ght ,i he>d ye !n1 z fir/ ye ?rew  
,y\r s(t imag9+s 9 dreamy numb]s1   ,&  
o'er my s\l ! sweet en*antm5t flew      
,l music fa9tly he>d 9 midnight slumb]s4
         99       99       99       99  
99    ,:5 :im1 or *ance1 or spite1 my   
leaf %all te>1     ,grant me 9 turn1 ye 
fates6 "s g5tle poet--   ,"o :o %all lie
 ) su* a grace1 y'd swe>     ,t if inde$
 he li$1 he did'nt "k x6       ,= !     
,s\!rn ,lit]>y ,mess5g]4  ,a ,,prodigi\s
 ,,nose4   ,,mr4 ,,:ite3 ,y\r faceti\s  
correspond5t ,,p]t9ax ,,placid1 seems s 
deeply v]s$ 9 :at may be call$ nasal    
music1 t ,i am v sure he w\ld h record$1
 9 8 late communication1 & 9 f> bett]   
/yle ?an m9e1 ! hi/ory ( a ,,nose4      

,p]mit me1 !re=e1 to furni% him ) a few 
memorabilia1 ( ?is extraord9>y          
protub]ance1 7nose x c\ld n prop]ly be  
call$17 aga9/ 8 next n>rative ( a nasal 
conc]t4  ,x 0 ! prop]ty ( a ,virg9ia    
g5tleman1 long s9ce dead1 :o _h atta9$1 
at a v e>ly age1 ! enorm\s weight ( "s  
sev5 or eight & tw5ty /one4 ,x _h no    
resemblance to t ( ,slawk5b]gius--z     
del9eat$ by ,/]ne--nor to ,dan          
,jackson's1 s frequ5tly & fondly        
describ$ by ,swift--nor to t ( ! s5sual 
,b>dolph1 s fam\s 9 dramatic annals1 = !
 phosphoresc5t quality ( %9+ 9 ! d>k1   
ascrib$ to x by 8 fri5d ,fal/aff4 ,9    
%ort1 su* 0 its unique con=mation1 t x  
w\ld h defi$ ! skill ( ,dr4 ,taliacotius
 himself1 ev5 ) ! *oice ( any "p ( !    
human body1 to manufacture any ?+ at all
 l x4 ,al?\gh x approa*$ m ! bulb\s k9d 
( nose1 ?an any o!r1 & 9 %ape1 /rongly  
resembl$ ! nose ( ! ,hippopotamus1 or   
riv] horse1 x 0 s disproportionately    
small1 :5 contra/$ ) ! two tumuli ( fle%
 betwe5 :i* x 0 deeply imb$d$1 t x 0 q  

invisible to any p]son tak+ a pr(ile    
view ( ! face1 :i* seem$ to be lit]ally 
noseless4 ,add to ?is1 ! projection ( an
 upp] lip ( d\ble ! usual ?ickness1 :i* 
s ne>ly clos$ ! two ap]tures ?r\gh :i* !
 proprietor brea!d1 z to r5d] x p]fectly
 manife/ to all behold]s1 t to sleep 9  
any o!r way b ) 8 m\? at lea/ half op51 
0 utt]ly impracticable4 ,?is accord+ly1 
0 8 inv>iable habit2 & ! consequ5ces c  
be mu* m easily imag9$1 7difficult z x  
017 ?an describ$4 ,to relate e tale t ,i
 h he>d ( 8 snor+ a*ievem5ts1 w\ld      
c]ta9ly br+ into "s suspicion ! v]acity 
( ^? f :om ,i he>d !m4 ,9 t5d] reg>d1   
!re=e1 = _! "*1 ,i w repeat only two2 b 
by ^! alone1 bo? y & y\r read]s may     
judge pretty well ( ! re/4  ,! fir/ 01 t
 on a memorable occasion1 :5 8 crat] 0 9
 full bla/1 8 nasal explosions actually 
bur/ op5 a bran new door1 al?\gh ! bolt 
( ! lock 0 turn$4 ,at ano!r "t1 x is    
relat$ ( him1 t arriv+ late at night at 
8 favorite tav]n 9 ,alex&ria1 he 0      
conduct$ into a room1 furni%$ ) two b$s1

 9 "o ( :i* 0 a little ,fr5*man1 fa/    
asleep1 :o _h gone to re/ )\t any       
expectation ( receiv+ a fell[ lodg]4    
,into ! empty b$ ! fat g5tleman soon    
ent]$2 & be+ a preci\s sleep]1 he rema9$
 b a few m9utes awake4 ,mu*1 h[ev]1 &   
mo/ />tl+ "w 0 always to be done1 be=e  
s\nd sleep ensu$2 = a prelude 0 to be   
p]=m$1 :i* might aptly be comp>$ to !   
fe>ful s\nds ( a man 9 ! agonies ( dea? 
by /rangulation1 f ! rupture ( a blood  
vessel4 ,?is be+ almo/ en\gh to awak5 ! 
dead1 we may readily suppose t ! little 
,fr5*man 0 in/antly ar\s$1--ar\s$ too1 9
 ! utmo/ extremity ( su* t]ror z w\ld   
probably be caus$ 9 any "o1 at ! idea ( 
a murd] be+ committ$ 9 8 room4 ,?is     
conviction fla%$ ^u 8 m9d1 ) all its    
accompany+ horror1 at ! mom5t he awoke4 
,9 ! tw9kl+ ( an eye1 he sprang out (   
b$--n exactly 9 puris naturalibus1 b    
c]ta9ly 9 a dress v unsuitable =        
company1 & ru%$ headlong d[n ?ree       
flights ( /airs1 cry+ out at ! top ( 8  
voice1 murd]6 mon dieu6 murd]6 murd]6 ,z

 may well be imag9$1 ?is produc$ a g5]al
 ru% ( ! lodg]s f _! ap>tm5ts1 & 9      
co/ume simil> to 8 own4--,! females 7   
scream+ 9 _! highe/ key--! m51 9 _! f>  
h>%] tones1 7 ro>+ out1 :at's ! matt]8  
:at's ! matt]8 :ile ! little ,fr5*man   
reit]at$ /ill m l\dly 8 pite\s cries (  
murd]6 mon dieu6 murd]6 murd]6 ,a sc5e (
 su* indescribable confusion ensu$1 t "s
 "t elaps$ be=e ! equally t]rifi$ tav]n 
keep]1 :o _h jo9$ ! ?rong1 _h ! lea/    
*ance ( unravell+ ! my/]y4 ,at la/1     
h[ev]1 suffici5t quiet 0 re/or$ to      
enable him to und]/& f ! little         
,fr5*man1 :y he _h fl$ f 8 room ) su*   
precipitation4 ,an irrepressible bur/ ( 
laught] _h ne>ly suffocat$ ! poor       
l&lord1 be=e he c\ld ga9 suffici5t brea?
 to expla9 to 8 gue/s1 t ! :ole cause ( 
_! dreadful al>m1 0 no?+ m ?an ! fat    
g5tleman's tun+ & prelud+ ^u 8 nasal    
in/rum5t1 z 0 8 inv>iable cu/om1        
prelim9>y to ! mu* deep] sleep t always 
foll[$2 & :i* 0 indicat$ by a comb9ation
 ( su* une>?ly s\nds1 t !y might        

reasonably ?ank _! />s t ! prep>ation !y
 _h receiv$ 0 no worse4  ,,democritus1  
,,jr4     ,,swimm+4   ,"s ( our read]s w
 d\btless rememb] an allusion 9 ! tale (
 ,! ,doom to an individual :o p]=m$ !   
feat ( swimm+ across ! ,james1 at !     
falls above ?is city4 ,a valuable       
correspond5t1 :o 0 ! bold swimm] allud$ 
to1 writes u z foll[s3  ,i notic$ !     
allusion 9 ! ,doom4 ,! writ] seems to   
comp>e my swim ) t ( ,"l ,byron1 :]eas  
!re c be no comp>ison betwe5 !m4 ,any   
swimm] '9 ! falls' 9 my days1 w\ld h    
swum ! ,hellespont1 & ?\ght no?+ ( !    
matt]4 ,i swam f ,ludlam's :>f to       
,w>wick1 7six miles17 9 a hot ,june sun1
 aga9/ "o ( ! /ronge/ tides ev] kn[n 9 !
 riv]4 ,x w\ld h be5 a feat comp>atively
 easy to swim tw5ty miles 9 /ill wat]4  
,i w\ld n ?9k mu* ( attempt+ to swim !  
,briti% ,*annel f ,dov] to ,calais4     
,= ! ,s\!rn ,lit]>y ,mess5g]4  ,,!      
,,grave ,,( ,,=gott5 ,,g5ius4  ,,by ,,an
 ,,und]graduate4      ,anxi\s ?\ght t   
wi%$   ,to g1 yet :i!r knew n well to g1

   ,possess$ 8 s\l & held x /ill a:ile3 
,he li/5$ & he>d f f> ! voice ( fame1   
,he>d & 0 *>m$1 & deep & sudd5 v[   ,(  
resolution made to be r5[n$1   ,& deep] 
v[$ to keep 8 v[4--,pollock4   ,! summ] 
( #ah--1 0 ! f\r? :i* ,i _h sp5t at     
,c---- ,college1 & ) x1 end$ my         
collegiate life4 ,! sc5es1 :i* my long  
resid5ce !re _h made sacr$ to ! memory1 
7 n[ becom+ /ill m sacr$ z ! "t ( my    
dep>ture drew ne>4 ,e object1 :i* 0 at  
all associat$ ) meet+-sc5es &           
p>t+-adieus1 _h become a magician's     
w&1--recall+ ! abs5t & ! dead--t[]+     
hopes1 n[ buri$ 9 ! tomb1 & angui%1 :i*1
 ?us recall$1 is b ! bliss :i* ! dream] 
enjoys1 :5 he wakes & feels himself     
secure f ! precipice1 f ^: edge a mom5t 
be=e he 0 plung+ into a gulph bel[4 ,no 
sc5e 0 to me s sacr$ z ! /ud5t's        
grave-y>d2 = 9 x1 ,i (t5 m\rn$ ov] !    
woes & ills ( life1 & almo/ unconsci\sly
 wi%$ = a fate l ! "y m5's :o slept 9   
its repose4 ,!re 7 !n only f\r          
graves--?ree 7 side by side1 hav+       

tomb-/ones1 epitaph$ to ! memory ( ^? ^:
 a%es repos$ b5ea? !m4 ,! f\r? /ood     
alone--ov] x 0 a rude /one1 on :i* 0    
visible no tribute to him1 ^: rema9s 7  
!re4 ,8 0 a de/9y :i* (t5 made me look  
^u ! unlett]$ /one ) ! deepe/ sympa?y4  
,"o only ?+ seem$ to be kn[n ( ?is      
grave--"o tribute only did "t pay to 8  
memory--= to ! pilgrim :o pass$ by &    
ha/ily inquir$ :o sleeps !re8 naught 0  
ev] repli$ b ! simple1 yet eloqu5t      
elegy1 t is ! ',grave ( ! ,=gott5       
,g5ius4' ,9 ?is unconsci\s elegy1 !re 0 
t :i* made me look ^u x1 almo/ z ! grave
 ( a bro!r4  ,x 0 "h t ,i (t5 retir$    
dur+ ! la/ days ( my /ay at ,c----      
,college4 ,"h ,i c\ld enjoy an          
un9t]rupt$ rev]y1 & call be=e me !      
spirits ( ! dead & weep o'er ! de/9y (  
=gott5 g5ius2 yet1 ev5 !n1 ,i sometimes 
?\ght _! fate ! happie/ :i* c\ld fall to
 ! lot ( man4 ,p]haps !y h pray$ = !    
gift ( oblivion4 ,p]haps !y h wi%$ n to 
be rememb]$4 ,_! la/ desire may h be51  
,sil5t let me s9k to e>?   ,) no (fici\s

 m\rn]s ne>3   ,i w\ld n m> "o h\r (    
mir?   ,nor />tle fri5d%ip ) a te>4  ,a 
few days be=e my dep>ture f ! college1  
,i 0 walk+ ?\ghtfully ?r\gh ! grove1 :i*
 surr\nd$ ?is little grave-y>d1 :5      
sudd5ly ,i beheld a /ately figure1 /&+  
ne> ! unepitaph$ grave4 ,he /ood = a    
mom5t--!n approa*$ ! grave/one--seem$ to
 take some?+ f x1 & press+ 8 h& to 8    
=ehead = a mom5t1 look fix$ly at ! /one4
 ,he arose--ha/ily left ! grave &       
direct$ 8 c\rse t[>ds a little village  
bel[4 ,"h 0 a my/]y6 ,is ?is a          
relative--a bro!r ( ! =gott5 g5ius1 :o  
has at la/ come to pay a tribute to 8   
long neglect$ memory8 ,i ran to ! grave4
 ,behold6 ! "n ( him :o _h s long be5   
=gott56 ,! my/]i\s /rang] _h discov]$ ! 
"n ( ! be+ :o 0 buri$ !re1 :i* _h be5   
almo/ cov]$ by ! moss t _h collect$ ^u !
 /one1 & :i* till !n ,i _h nev] obs]v$4 
,at twilight ,i 0 aga9 9 ! grove1 & aga9
 saw ! same figure approa* ! grave4 ,he 
/ood ov] x1 & ,i di/9ctly he>d ^! words1
 hapless be+6 ,w\ld t ,i _h be5 "h to   

ease ?y dy+ agony4 ,yet 'tis well6 ,i   
grieve n6 ,?y _s is at re/4  ,i did n   
hesitate1 b imm$iately approa*$ !       
/rang]1 :o seem$ a little surpris$1 b by
 no means disconc]t$4  ,/rang]1 ,i said1
 ?\ grieve/ n alone6 ,p>don me = intrud+
 ^u ?y grief4 ,i wi% only to add my     
sympa?y to y\r angui%4  ,?\'rt welcome6 
said ! /rang]1 ,i ?ank !e = ?y sympa?y3 
b tell me8 ,is ! tale ( him1 :o sleeps 9
 t grave /ill kn[n8  ,x is only kn[n t  
he 0 once a /ud5t ( ,c---- ,college1 & t
 8 tomb has long be5 call$ ! ',grave ( !
 ,=gott5 ,g5ius' ,i repli$4 ,b ! /rang] 
seem$ n to he> me--made no answ] &      
approa*$ aga9 to ! grave1 & by ! light (
 ! moon :i* n[ %one brightly1 read ! "n 
,walt] ----1 exclaim+1 yes 'tis my y\ng]
 bro!r1 :o di$ fifte5 ye>s ago4 ,& 7    
none ( 8 fri5ds ,i inquir$1 at 8 side   
dur+ 8 la/ illness8  ,alas said he1 8 _s
 0 gone1 ere ! news rea*$ !m1 t he 0    
sick6 & !n aft] a %ort sil5ce ! /rang]  
cont9u$4 ,b come ) me to yond] village8 
,i w !re give y all ! in=mation y want4 

,i imm$iately gave my ass5t1 & aft] !   
/rang] _h aga9 /ood sil5tly ov] ! grave 
seem+ly engag$ 9 supplicat+ ! favor (   
heav51 we approa*$ ! village4 ,we ent]$ 
! village inn1--! /rang] left me = a    
mom5t1 b soon re5t]$ ! room 9 :i* he _h 
left me1 be>+ 9 "o h& a small           
manuscript1 & 9 ! o!r a purse4 ,?is     
manuscript said he1 w give y ! tale (   
him1 :o is n[ kn[n only z ! ,=gott5     
,g5ius4 ,?is purse conta9s "o hundr$ &  
fifty cr[ns1 half ( :i* y mu/ cause to  
be appli$ to ! erection ( a monum5t ov] 
my bro!r's grave1 & ! o!r half to be    
deposit$ 9 ! c\nty treasury1 ! int]e/ to
 be appli$ to ! cultivation ( ! grove   
ar\nd ! /ud5t's grave-y>d4  ,x is n[    
late said ! /rang]1 my duty calls me "o 
hundr$ miles h5ce be=e to-morr[ ev5+4 ,i
 mu/ re/ a little1 & cont9ue my j\rney4 
,i !n press$ ! /rang]'s h&4 ,nei!r      
spoke4 ,! te>s fl[$ d[n ! /rang]'s      
*eeks1 & ,i felt t ,i 0 p>t+ f a bro!r2 
)\t ! lea/ hope t ,i %\ld ev] see him   
aga91 ,i retir$ to my room1 b x 0 only  

to give v5t to ! excess ( my feel+s4 ,i 
cont9u$ walk+ ?r\gh my ap>tm5t until    
dawn1 & on go+ out1 0 in=m$ t ! /rang]  
_h j set out on 8 j\rney4 ,i ru%$ to my 
room aga91 full ( d\bt & grief--op5$ !  
manuscript :i* _h be5 giv5 to me by !   
/rang]1 & read z foll[s3--         99   
99       99       99       99  ,walt]   
,dunlap 0 born 9 ,*e/atee ,village1 :i* 
is situat$ on "o ( ! tribut>y /reams ( !
 ,t5nessee riv]1 & surr\nd$ by ^?       
beautiful vallies1 s num]\s on bo? sides
 ( ! ,cumb]l& m\nta9s4 ,8 fa!r _h be5 ! 
fir/1 & 0 at 8 bir? ! pr9cipal m]*ant 9 
,*e/atee ,village4 ,he 0 n weal?y1 yet 8
 economy _h enabl$ him to af=d means = !
 education ( 8 sons at "o ( ! fir/      
colleges 9 ! ea/4 ,! procurem5t ( ?is _h
 be5 8 :ole ambition1 & x may well be   
imag9$1 t any evid5ces ( tal5t & g5ius 9
 8 sons1 w\ld please him mu*4 ,9 8      
infancy1 ,walt] display$ 9 8 slighte/   
actions1 a nobl5ess1 a g5]osity1 & a    
dauntlessness :i* at once won ! he>t ( 8
 fa!r1 & ,walt] _h n be5 plac$ "u !     

in/ruction ( a tutor m ?an six mon?s1   
ere he 0 f> 9 advance ( ^? :o _h sp5t   
ye>s 9 ! s*ool-room4 ,already did !     
fa!rs & mo!rs ( ,*e/atee ,village hold  
up ,walt] to _! *ildr5 z a model = _!   
imitation4 ,he _h n pass$ 8 twelf? ye>  
be=e he 0 s5t ) an eld] bro!r to a      
college ?ree hundr$ miles di/ant f 8    
pat]nal home4  ,we arriv$ at ,c----     
,college full ( hope & expectation1 = ! 
writ] ( ?is n>rative 0 ! next eld] bro!r
 ( ,walt]4 ,we look$ only = t cont9ual  
fl[ ( spirits & sprightl9ess1 :i* !     
*ang+ & novel sc5es ( our j\rney _h     
excit$1 & 7 !re=e illy prep>$ to meet ! 
rigid conf9em5t & discipl9e ( a         
college-life4 ,at fir/ we sat out )     
ardor1 & ,walt] especially1 seem$       
delight$ ) ! prospect ( pleasure :i* lay
 be=e him4 ,yet ! mo/ ard5t & ambiti\s1 
are n always ! mo/ successful /ud5ts4 ,a
 sudd5 prospect ( an adv5ture1 full (   
romance & *ivalry1 seldom fails to      
bewit* _! imag9ation1 & ^? :o be=e 7    
fir/ & mo/ ard5t 9 ! pursuit ( k1 are   

(t51 by a s+le incid5t ( mir? & pleasure
 conv]t$ into r+-lead]s (               
insubord9ation1 unwill+ to reap !       
advantages ( a lib]al education1 &      
con/antly contriv+ means ( int]rupt+ !  
peace ( ^? ar\nd !m4 ,!re 7 su* at      
,c---- ,college1 & x 0 n long ere ,walt]
 0 rank$ among ! mo/ ungov]nable memb]s 
( ! in/itution4 ,six mon?s _h n elaps$1 
ere he 0 repres5t$ to 8 fa!r1 z "o :o 0 
no long] fit = ! /ation he occupi$1 & 0 
?us privately dismiss$4 ,^! 7 !         
circum/ances3 ,walt] & myself 7 plac$ "u
 ! gu>dian%ip ( a di/ant relative :o 0  
connect$ ) ! in/itution1 & he 0 to      
supply u ) :atev] money we ne$$4 ,!     
frequ5t applications :i* ,walt] _h made 
to 8 gu>dian at la/ caus$ a prompt      
refusal1 :i* greatly displeas$ ,walt]4  
,he w5t to ! ap>tm5t occupi$ by 8       
gu>dian1 & took ! sum = :i* he _h       
appli$4 ,?is act he did n attempt to    
conceal1 = he 0 n yet able to di/+ui%   
betwe5 "r & wrong1--s t x c\ld n h ent]$
 into 8 m9d t he 0 !n committ+ a crime1 

:i* 0 subject to ! sev]e/ puni%m5t4 ,8  
gu>dian1 (f5d$ at ! indignity :i* he    
?\ght _h be5 (f]$ him1 report$ ! *ild :o
 0 plac$ "u 8 peculi> protection1 to !  
presid5t ( ! college1 = !ft4 ,?us 0 !   
?\ghtless1 ! g5]\s & noble ,walt]1      
belov$ by all 8 companions1 implicat$ & 
deem$ guilty ( an act1 among ! base/ 9 !
 catalogue ( crimes4 ,?is news might    
well a/oni% ! too confid+ fa!r ( ,walt]4
 ,he 0 sc>cely able to ?9k1 or to speak1
 :5 he receiv$ ! reque/ :i* ! faculty _h
 made4 ,x 0 a j\rney ( sev]al days1 yet 
?is did n /op ! weep+ fa!r1 :o ha/5$ to 
! college to exam9e 9 p]son ! nature ( !
 (f5ce4 ,on 8 arrival1 he too 0 conv9c$ 
( ! guilt ( 8 son4 ,9 va9 did 8 y\?ful  
eloqu5ce attempt to make a di/9ction    
betwe5 tak+ t :i* 0 8 own1 & t :i* 0    
ano!r's4 ,8 fa!r's rigid ju/ice c\ld n  
compreh5d ! di/9ction1 :i* ?\gh         
incorrect1 0 p]fectly natural4 ,well d  
,i rememb] ! sad & woe-worn c\nt5ance ( 
our p>5t4 ,nev] h ,i se51 dur+ a lapse (
 almo/ tw5ty ye>'s obs]vation1 a fa!r   

lam5t s bitt]ly ov] ! fate ( 8 son4  ,my
 son1 said he to me1 z he 0 ab\t to set 
out ) ,walt]1 to leave me to solitude & 
te>s1 act honorably = my sake1 & z we   
%ook h&s1 te>s came to relieve ! agony  
:i* oppress$ u4 ,walt]1 too1 :o till n[ 
_h be5 firm & unmov$1 boldly in=m+ 8    
companions ( 8 situation & def5d+ 8     
actions1 embrac$ me t5d]ly1 & !n m ?an  
at any o!r "t dur+ my life1 :5 my feel+s
 7 only sugge/$ by nature1 did my he>t  
respond to ! ?rill+ l9es     ,! ^w t    
bids u sev]1     ,x s\nds n yet1 no1 no1
 no6  ,we p>t$6 ,mon?s pass$ on & n a ^w
 f ,walt]4 ,at la/ a lett] came f my    
fa!r4 ,x brea!d /ill ! same feel+s &    
angui% :i* he felt at our sep>ation4    
,walt]1 said he1 /ill rema9s inexorable6
 ,he is ru9$1 & ,i am n able to control 
him4 ,y1 my son1 y alone c *e] my he>t &
 recal me f ! woe :i* ,wall] has caus$  
me4 ,at ! end ( "o ye> f ! "t ,i _h     
sep>at$ f my fa!r1 he in=m$ me t he _h j
 s5t ,walt] to live ) an uncle1 :o      
resid$ on ! ,elk--a riv] ^: banks 7 !n b

 ?9ly settl$1 :]e he hop$ ! retirem5t ( 
8 situation & ! good c\nsel ( 8 uncle1  
w\ld "w a re=mation 9 ! feel+s &        
pr9ciples ( ,walt]4  ,if ?is fail1 he   
conclud$1 ,i am at an end--my la/ hope  
is de/roy$ & my he>t is brok54 ,m ?an   
two ye>s _h elaps$ s9ce my dep>ture = ! 
college1 & = ! fir/ "t 0 ,i summon$ to  
my pat]nal home4 ,i return$1 & oh1 h[   
*ang$ 0 ! sc5e6 ,i _h left my fa!r's a  
h\se ( con/ant happ9ess1 b n[ sc>cely a 
smile 0 famili> to ! face ( a p]son 9 ! 
family4 ,my fa!r 0 abs5t 9 m9d1 & talk$ 
( =sak+ bus9ess4 ,i rema9$ two mon?s1 & 
us$ all my endeavors to recal 8 ?\ghts  
to ! objects ar\nd him1 & 9 "s measure  
succe$$4 ,i aga9 return$ to ,c----      
,college--:]e ,i rema9$ two ye>s long]1 
n =gett+ to write (t5 to my fa!r 9 su* a
 /yle z to make him =get t subject :i*  
weigh$ s heavily ^u 8 spirits2 nor did  
,i =get ,walt]1 to :om ,i (t5 wrote1    
al?\gh my lett]s 7 nev] answ]$1 & _h    
reason to hope t !y 7 n only agreeable  
to him1 b gladly receiv$4 ,! la/ ye> (  

my collegiate life end$6 ,i flew to my  
home1 9 ob$i5ce to ! urg5t reque/ ( my  
fa!r1 :o /ill spoke ( ! disgrace & ru9 (
 ,walt]1 :o _h j return$4 ,i 0 greet$ ) 
! s9c]e/ joy--& ,walt]1 z my fa!r in=m$ 
me1 wept = ! fir/ "t s9ce our sep>ation 
f\r ye>s be=e1 & ,i felt1 t ,i _h be5   
re/or$ to a long lo/ bro!r4 ,he1 inde$1 
seem$ to be sudd5ly wre/$ f ! gloom :i* 
_h s long surr\nd$ him1 & we rambl$ ov] 
! hills1 sacr$ to ! memory ( s*ool-boy  
sports1 aga9 m+l$ toge!r 9 ! society (  
y\?ful fri5ds1 & 7 aga9 z happy & z     
joy\s1 z we 71 ere we exp]i5c$ !        
pe/il5tial influ5ce ( a college4        
,imm$iately aft] my return home1 my fa!r
 entreat$ me to use e means = !         
re=mation ( ,walt]1 at ! same "t1 ev9c+ 
all ! bitt]ness ( grief & despair4 ,my  
:ole object 0 n[ to ga9 an asc5dancy ov]
 ! m9d ( ,walt]4 ,we read toge!r--talk$ 
& laugh$ toge!r--& indulg$ toge!r ^?    
anticipations ( ! future1 s bright &    
en*ant+ to ! m9ds ( ! "y4 ,(t5 did 8 eye
 bright5 at ! sugge/ion ( 8 future glory

 & greatness4 ,?us1 by sl[ b c]ta9      
progress1 did he all[ himself to be     
dragg$ f ! despair & gloom by :i* he 0  
surr\nd$4 ,he read ! tales ( ! great &  
r5[n$1 & aga9 0 fir$ ) ambition :i*     
prompt$ him to look = a "n equal to     
!irs4 ,long _h he be5 accu/om$ to look  
^u himself z an (fca/ f society--z "o   
scorn$ & %unn$ by ! good & ! g5]\s3 =   
none _h enc\rag$ him to hope ev5 t !    
disgrace :i* _h come s soon to snat* him
 f ! light ( joy1 & s9k him to ! dep?s (
 despair c\ld ev] be =gott54 ,h[ _m     
noble1 ard5t & ambiti\s y\?s1 h ?us be5 
driv5 to ! night ( woe & m5tal          
desolation8 ,h[ _m h be5 urg$ to !      
extremity ( human depravity by ! too    
rigid decree ( a fa!r's or a gu>dian's  
ju/ice8 ,h[ _m l ,walt]1 h be5 driv5    
be=e ! gale ( prosp]ity1 !n sudd5ly     
ab&on$1 left scor*$ & desolate1 z ! pr\d
 vessel :i* is ca/ ^u ! b>r5 %ore1 &    
left to m\ld] 9 ! w9ds & ra9s ( heav56  
,yet !re 0 "o ?+ :i* seem$ to af=d "s   
gr\nd = ! hope t all 0 n lo/4 ,= :5 we  

p>ticipat$ 9 ! amusem5ts ( y\? toge!r1 &
 he aga9 receiv$ su* evid5ces ( respect 
f ^? ar\nd him1 t he c\ld n believe !m  
ins9c]e1 & :5 he _h =gott5 8 hopeless   
de/9y1 !re came ov] 8 _s lucid int]vals1
 9 :i* he explor$ ! sublime philosophy (
 ,locke & ,paley1 & became ma/] ( all ! 
descriptions & s5tim5ts ( ,addison4 ,z  
we rambl$ "o day 9 a solit>y grove1     
,walt] sudd5ly /opp$1 & aft] a mom5t's  
sil5ce1 said 9 a firm b melan*oly tone1 
my bro!r1 ! la/ f\r ye>s ( my life h be5
 desolate1 dre>y l--a solit>y wa/e4 ,yet
 ?is 0 n my fault6 ,i h be5 an          
outca/--no human be+ sympa?iz$ )        
me--none tru/$ me--none e/eem$ me--none 
w\ld receive my company b ! pr(ligate & 
ab&on$1 ) :om ,i 0 taught to class      
myself ere ,i di/+ui%$ betwe5 error &   
tru?8 ,?\ alone ha/ rema9$ fai?ful1 & ,i
 n[ ?ank y = all y\r k9dness & advice4  
,i 0 exil$ f my pat]nal home1 ,i return$
 he>t-/rick5 & mis]able1 yet ,i receiv$ 
no sympa?y1 until y came l an angel (   
m]cy1 to recal me to light4 ,may        

heav5----4 ,"h 8 voice falt]$1 & a flood
 ( te>s came to 8 relief4 ,aft] a few   
mom5ts he cont9u$3 ,i h resolv$ to      
return to ,c---- ,college & !re retrieve
 ! happ9ess1 ! honor & "*1 :i* a y\?ful 
folly has tak5 f me4 ,i ?ank y = y\r    
te>s ( sympa?y4 ,y c p>ticipate 9 my    
feel+s & d ju/ice to my motives4 ,x 0   
?us1 9 "o ( ! mo/ int5sely int]e/+      
conv]sations :i* ,i ev] held1 t ,walt]  
disclos$ to me ! v purpose :i* ,i _h    
pray$ 9 all ! f]vor ( supplication he   
might resolve ^u4 ,i soon aft] made kn[n
 8 feel+s to 8 fa!r1 & soon1 almo/      
in/antane\sly1 he aga9 left 8 pat]nal   
home to return to ,c---- ,college4 ,he  
left u agitat$ ) d\bt & ! deepe/ anxiety
 = 8 success4 ,he left u1 w>m$ ) !      
admiration :i* 8 noble purpose c\ld n   
fail to inspire1 b rack$ ) t awful feel+
 ( dread1 :i* ! unc]ta9ty ( hope always 
occasions4 ,walt] did n weep--he did n  
seem mov$1 & yet !re 0 t 9 8 c\nt5ance  
:i* spoke eloqu5tly ( feel+4 ,& yet !re 
7 te>s to hall[ ! memory ( our          

sep>ation4 ,a little bro!r1 sc>ce able  
to realize ! sc5e ar\nd him1 %$ te>s (  
*ildi% sorr[--a si/]1 en?usia/ic 9 h]   
affection = h] bro!r %$ te>s--& a fa!r  
too1 ^: locks 7 :it5$ ) grief1 %[$      
y\?ful sympa?y at 8 son's adieu--& ,i   
too1 0 n unmov$4  ,walt] ,dunlap is aga9
 at ,c---- ,college6 ,! f>ewell sc5e1   
:i* _h conv9c$ him h[ deeply ! happ9ess 
( 8 relatives c\ld be affect$ by 8      
success--! p[]ful sympa?y :i* su* an    
occasion _h display$1 at once e/abli%   
him 9 8 purpose4 ,fame1 honor1 &        
usefulness1 7 ! beacon-lights :i*       
illum9$ 8 pa?1 & ! et]nal gratitude ( a 
si/]--a bro!r--a he>t-brok5 fa!r1 !     
m9i/]+ spirits :i* *e]$ him amid ! /orms
 ( passion & mis]y1 incid5t to ! human  
he>t4 ,kirke ,:ite 0 ! model :i* he set 
be=e 8 m9d--because !re 0 a sympa?y to 8
 m9d betwe5 _! de/9ies1 al?\gh ,:ite _h 
nev] receiv$ a moral blight1 yet x 0    
en\gh t !y _h bo? be5 pursu$ by ! rigor 
( fate4  ,f ! mom5t he ent]$ ! walls ( !
 college1 he began a rigid discipl9e ( !

 m9d4 ,:at elevat$ ,milton1 he w\ld ask1
 to an equality ) ! gods8 ,:at gave to  
,newton a compreh5sion ( ! my/]ies ( !  
univ]se1 & to ,frankl9 a p[] ov] !      
elem5ts8 & !n triumphantly answ]1       
/udy--unceas+ /udy4 ,if ,socrates _h    
cont5t$ himself ) only wi%+ & sigh+ to  
ent] ! field ( philosophical tru?--if he
 _h pray$1 h[ev] f]v5tly1 c\ld t h      
suffic$ to make him ! ,pr9ce (          
,philosoph]s8 ,naught b ! deepe/1       
unbrok5 ?\ght c\ld h made him sport     
famili>ly ) ! subtleties ( philosophy1  
clo!d z !y !n 71 9 all ! gloom ( anci5t 
my?ology4 ,s ?\ght ,walt] ,dunlap4      
,night aft] night did he we> himself    
away by ! int5sity ( 8 /udy & ! dep? ( 8
 ?\ght4 ,a ye> _h n pass$1 ere he _h run
 ?r\gh mu* ( ! :ole collegiate          
c\rse--made himself ma/] ( ! anci5t     
languages1 & ga9$ a prize 9 a/ronomical 
calculations4 ,m9d _c conceive ! joy :i*
 he felt at ?is success4 ,! image ( a   
fa!r1 smil+ ) t5d]ness & approbation1   
bless+ him ) ! unb\nd$ gratitude :i* a  

fa!r only c feel1 0 ev] pres5t to 8 m9d4
 ,:o c measure ! dep? ( 8 joy8 ,:o c    
c\nt ! sighs ( angui% :i* ^! mom5ts (   
joy n[ repay$8 ,well might he say1 9    
ref]5ce to 8 own life1    ,"o mom5t may1
 ) bliss repay    ,unnumb]$ h\rs ( pa94 
,yet he did n e/eem 8 "w yet end$--8    
purpose yet realiz$4 ,innum]able        
difficulties1 call+ = en]gy to brave !  
prospect ( ye>s ( application1 pres5t$  
!mselves4 ,he resolv$ to bani% f 8 he>t 
e image ( despair1 & if ! atta9m5t (    
glory & usefulness requir$ x1        ,to
 dr9k ev5 to ! v dregs   ,! bitt]e/ cup 
t "t c\ld measure out1   ,& hav+ done1  
look up & ask = m4  ,he receiv$ no joy b
 9 ! action ( m9d--9 conv]se ) ! pr\de/ 
philosoph]s ( ! _w4 ,if he 0 b all[$ to 
walk ) ,plato & ,ari/otle1 9 ! grove (  
,academus1 & li/5 to _! disc\rses he 0  
cont5t4 ,& yet1 philosoph] z he 01 he   
did n wi% to die unlam5t$1 ) no epitaph 
to 8 memory4 ,h[ c\ld he rema9 9 ! _w1 &
 leave x1 )\t hav+ made "o discov]y 9   
sci5ce--e/abli%$ "o tru? :i* might      

b5efit mank9d--done aught t c\ld ende> 8
 "n to po/]ity--caus$ "o he>t's         
gratitude to foll[ him to ! tomb8 ,su* a
 ?\ght 0 sad--unutt]able6 ,x 0 ?us he 0 
hurri$ on 9 8 m5tal application1 till at
 la/ x became f> too incessant = !      
safety ( 8 life4 ,he saw ! consequ5ce1  
yet c\ld n /ay ! impetu\s work+s ( 8 own
 m9d--n[ beyond 8 control4 ,8 la/ lett] 
to me1 ?us conclud$1 s9ce ,i _c expect a
 long resid5ce on ?is e>?1 my only wi%  
is1 t ,i may h at lea/ "o k9d fri5d :o w
 c&idly inscribe ^u my tomb1 ?is simple 
epitaph1    ,"h lies a he>t1 t beat =   
fame4  ,soon aft] ! reception ( ?is     
lett]1 we 7 in=m$ by ! presid5t ( ,c----
 ,college1 t ,walt] ,dunlap _h di$      
sudd5ly1 f an inflammation ( ! lungs    
occasion$ by an exposure to ! air =     
sev]al h\rs1 :ile obs]v+ ! corruscations
 ( ! ,aurora borealis4  ,?us di$ ,walt] 
,dunlap--a *ild ( sorr[--a be+ ( !      
/ronge/ aspirations--possess+ a g5ius   
:i* w\ld h elevat$ him to a rank ) !    
pr(\nde/ philosoph]s--& wept by 8       

companions ^: te>s =m 8 only fun]al     
eulogy4  ,8 life may %[ ! dang] ( expos+
 a *ild too e>ly to ! contagion ( a     
college--! folly ( deal+ too h>%ly )    
y\?ful errors--! =ce ( sympa?y on !     
he>t1 & ! elevation at :i* a m9d may    
in/antly arrive4 ,f>ewell4         99   
99       99       99       99  ,i w only
 add t ! /ud5t's grave y>d n[ conta9s a 
monum5t ov] ! tomb ( ! ,=gott5 ,g5ius1 &
 t 9 compliance ) my promise1 ,i caus$  
to be inscrib$ to ! memory ( ,walt]     
,dunlap1 ! eloqu5t epitaph conta9$ 9 8  
la/ lett] to 8 bro!r1 s ju/ly due to !  
actions ( 8 %ort life4  ,we/ ,po9t1 #ah?
 ,april1 #ahce4       ,= ! ,s\!rn       
,lit]>y ,mess5g]4  ,,! ,,h\se ,,m\nta9  
,,9 ,,virg9ia4   ,?is d\ble m\nta9 =ms a
 conspicu\s object 9 ! romantic c\nty ( 
,rockbridge4 ,x /&s sev5 miles we/ (    
,lex+ton1 f ^: inhabitants x hides !    
sett+ sun1 & n unfrequ5tly turns ! summ]
 %[]s4 ,be+ sep>at$ f ! neighbor+ ridge 
( ! ,nor? m\nta91 & m l(ty1 x pres5ts   
its huge body & %>p angles full to !    

we/]n w9ds4 ,cl\ds are (t5 driv5 aga9/  
x1 clov5 asund]1 & c>ri$ /ream+ on to ! 
"r & left ) a space ( cle> sky betwe51  
simil> 9 =m to ! ev5+ %ad[ ( ! m\nta94  
,sometimes h[ev]1 a division ( ! cl\d   
aft] pass+ ! t[n1 w come b\nd+ back 9 a 
curr5t ( air1 reflect$ f ano!r m\nta94  
,x is n uncommon to see a cl\d move     
across ! great valley 9 ,rockbridge1    
%$d+ its cont5ts by ! way--/rike ! ,blue
 ,ridge on ! s\? ea/]n side1 :eel ab\t &
 pursue a diff]5t c\rse until x is      
exhau/$4 ,! travell]1 aft] ! %[] is ov]1
 & ! cle> sun%9e has induc$ him to put  
(f 8 cloak & umbrella1 is surpris$ by ! 
sudd5 return ( ! ra9 f ! same qu>t]     
t[>ds :i* he _h j se5 x pass away4  ,:at
 is call$ ! ,h\se ,m\nta91 consi/s 9    
fact1 ( two oblong p>allel m\nta9s1     
connect$ at ! base1 & ris+ ab\t #aejj   
feet above ! common level ( ! valley4 ,!
 summits :i* are ab\t a mile & a half   
long1 resemble ! ro( ( a h\se2 ! ends   
t]m9ate 9 abrupt precipices2 & r\nd !   
base1 huge buttresses tap] up aga9/ !   

sides1 z if design$ to prop ! mighty    
/ructure4 ,! /ud5ts ( ,wa%+ton ,college 
make a p>ty e summ] to visit ?is m\nta9 
= ! sake ( ! prospect4 ,!y set out 9    
cle> wea!r & sp5d ! night on ! m\nta9 9 
ord] to enjoy ! morn+ beauties ( ! sc5e1
 :i* are by f> ! mo/ int]e/+4 ,hav+     
twice be5 ( su* a p>ty1 ! writ] gives ! 
foll[+ description1 f a memory s deeply 
impress$ by :at he saw1 t ye>s h sc>cely
 abat$ ! vividness ( its ideas4  ,! fir/
 "t1 we 7 disappo9t$ by ! cl\d9ess ( !  
atmosph]e1 & %\ld h made an unpr(itable 
trip1 _h n an unexpect$ sc5e af=d$ u a  
p>tial rew>d = ! toils ( ! asc5t4 ,we   
lodg$ l ,indian hunt]s n f> f ! summit1 
:]e a little spr+ trickles f ! foot ( ! 
precipice4 ,aft] we _h slept a:ile1 "o (
 ! company />tl$ u ) ! cry ( fire6 ,he  
saw ) a/oni%m5t 9 ! direction ( ! ,blue 
,ridge1 a conflagration t ca/ a lurid   
gl>e ?r\gh ! hazy atmosph]e4 ,! flame   
rose & spread1 e mom5t tap]+ upw>ds to a
 po9t1 & b5d+ be=e ! night breeze4 ,we  
fir/ imag9$ t a l>ge b>n 0 on fire1 & !n

 z ! flame grew1 t ! beautiful village (
 ,lex+ton 0 a prey to ! dev\r+ elem5t4  
,:ile we gaz$ ) fe>ful anxiety1 ! fi]y  
object 9 ris+ yet high]1 seem$ to gr[   
less at ! l[] extremity1 until x /ood =?
 to our joyful surprise1 ! ,,moon half  
full1 r$d5$ & magnifi$ by ! mi/y air    
beyond :at we _h ev] se54 ,its light    
af=d$ an obscure p]ception ( ! mo/      
prom95t objects ( ! l&scape4 ,%ad[y     
masses ( m\nta9s d>k5$ ! sight 9 v>i\s  
directions1 & spots less d>k 9 ! c\ntry 
bel[1 gave indications ( fields & h\ses4
 ,we p]ceiv$ j en\gh to make u eag] = a 
m di/9ct & g5]al view ( ! sc5e4 ,9 !    
morn+1 e ?+ 0 hidd5 by ! cl\dy confusion
 ( ! atmosph]e4  ,! next "t1 our p>ty   
lodg$ on ! a]ial summit ( ! m\nta91 by a
 fire ( logs1 :i* might h s]v$ ! c\ntry 
= a beacon4 ,! wea!r prov$ favorable1 & 
we rose be=e ! dawn to enjoy ! op5+     
sc5e4 ,! sky 0 p]fectly s]5e1 b all ! _w
 bel[ 0 envelop$ 9 d>kness & fog4 ,our  
fire _h sunk to emb]s4 ,! gloom1 !      
desolation1 ! dea?like /illness ( our   

situation1 fill$ e m9d ) sil5t awe1 &   
prep>$ u = solemn contemplation4 ,we    
spoke little1 & felt dispos$ to solit>y 
mus+4 ,i retir$ alone to a nak$ rock :i*
 rais$ its head ov] a precipice1 turn$  
my face to ! ea/1 & wait$ = ! ris+ sun1 
if n ) ! idolatr\s devotion1 yet ) !    
deep solemnity ( ! ,p]sian ,magii4      
,pres5tly ! dawn began to %[ ! dim      
outl9e ( ! ,blue ,ridge along ! ea/]n   
horizon1 at ! di/ance ( twelve or fifte5
 miles4 ,:5 ! morn+ light op5$ !        
prospect m di/9ctly1 ! level surface ( !
 mi/ :i* cov]$ ! valley became app>5t2 &
 ! m\nta9 tops 9 almo/ e direction1     
look$ l isl&s 9 a :ite1 placid1 & sil5t 
ocean4 ,i gaz$ ) delight$ imag9ation ov]
 ?is novel & fairy sc5e2 s full (       
sublimity 9 itself1 & f ! sob] twilight 
9 :i* x appe>$1 s mu* l ! "w ( fancy 9  
visions ( a dream4 ,! trees & rocks ( ! 
ne>e/ isl&s soon became visible2 m      
di/ant isl&s 7 disclos$ to view1 b all 7
 wild & desolate4 ,i felt z if plac$ 9 a
 va/ solitude1 ) l&s & seas ar\nd me    

hi!rto undiscov]$ by man4  ,:il/ ,i gaz$
 ) increas+ admiration ov] ! twilight   
sc5e1 & endeavor$ to /ret* my vision    
into ! dusky regions f> away1 my        
att5tion 0 sudd5ly arre/$ by sp>ks (    
dazzl+ brilliancy :i* %ot ?r\gh ! p9es  
on ! ,blue ,ridge4 ,9 ! old5 "t1 :5     
,jupit]'s ?und]bolts 7 manufactur$ 9 !  
cav]ns ( tna1 nev] did su* glitt]+      
sc9tillations fly f "u ! =ge hamm]s (   
,cyclops4 ,x 0 ! sun d>t+ 8 topmo/ rays 
ov] ! m\nta91 & disp]s+ _! sp>kl+ ?reads
 9 ! bright & cl\dless atmosph]e4 ,v    
soon ! fanci$ isl&s ar\nd me caught !   
spl5did hue ( ! lum9>y1 & %one l burni%$
 gold on _! ea/]n sides4 ,9 ! we/1 :]e  
!y 7 mo/ ?ickly /r[n ov] ! :ite sea (   
mi/1 & :]e _! sides alone appe>$1 ,i    
c\ld imag9e !m to be ! isl&s ( ! bless$ 
7s fam\s 9 anci5t poetry17 :]e light &  
peace reign$ p]petually4 ,b ! pleas+    
illusion 0 soon dissipat$4 ,! surface ( 
! mi/ hi!rto ly+ /ill1 became agitat$ l 
a boil+ caldron4 ,e :]e light cl\ds     
arose f x & melt$ away4 ,pres5tly ! l[] 

hills ( ! c\ntry began to %[ _! tops z  
if !y 7 em]g+ f ?is tr\bl$ sea4 ,:5 !   
sun display$ 8 full orb ( liv+ fire1 !  
vapory commotion increas$1 ! features ( 
! l[ c\ntry began to be unveil$1 & !    
fir/ audible s\nd ( ! morn+1 ! b>k+ ( a 
f>m]'s dog1 rose f a deep vale b5ea?1 & 
completely broke ! en*antm5t ( !        
twilight sc5e4 ,:5 ! sun 0 an h\r high1 
! fog only m>k$ ! deep & curvil9e> b$s (
 ! wat]s4 ,nor 0 ,i less delight$ ) !   
realities ( ! prospect be=e me4  ,!     
c\ntry lay b5ea? & ar\nd me to ! utmo/  
ext5t ( vision4 ,along ! unev5 surface (
 ! great valley1 a ?\s& f>ms 9 e v>iety 
( situation 7 di/9ctly visible1 "s 9 l[ 
vales1 "s on ! upl& slopes1 & "h & !re a
 few on ! elevat$ sides ( ! m\nta9s4    
,on ! nor!a/1 ! less hilly c\nty (      
,augu/a 0 se5 9 dim p]spective1 l a l>ge
 level ( bluei% gre54 ,/ret*+ along !   
ea/]n horizon = _m a league1 ! ,blue    
,ridge %ew$ a hundr$ ( its l(ty p9nacles
 among :i* ! ,peaks ( ,ott] t[>d ! s\?1 
rose pre-em95tly conspicu\s4 ,! valley 9

 a s\?we/]n direction 0 p>tly conceal$  
by ! isolat$ l9e ( ! ,%ort ,hill3 b     
beyond t appe>$ at int]vals ! vales (   
,james riv]1 f ! gap :]e ! /ream has    
bur/ ?r\gh ! ,blue ,ridge1 up to ! place
 :]e x has clov5 ! ,nor? m\nta91 & !nce 
r\nd by ! we/1 to ! rem>kable r5t :i* x 
has made 9 ! solid rock ( ! ,jackson    
m\nta91 a di/ance altoge!r ( "s =ty     
miles4  ,on ! we/]n side1 ! view is ( a 
diff]5t "*4 ,"h x seem$ z if all !      
m\nta9s ( ,virg9ia _h assembl$ to       
display _! magnific5ce & to exhibit )   
pr\d emulation1 _! l(t9ess & _! l5g?4   
,l9e ^u l9e1 ridge beh9d ridge1 p]*$ ov]
 "o ano!r1 cross$ ! l&scape 9 v>i\s     
directions1 "h swell+ into r\nd knobs1 &
 !re /ret*+ (f 9 long masses f> & wide2 
until !y fad$ away 9 ! blue ( !         
atmosph]e1 & di/9ction ( =m & color 0   
lo/ 9 ! di/ance4  ,:5 ,i 0 able to )draw
 my eyes f ! collective :ole ( ?is      
sublime prospect1 & to exam9e ! p>ticul>
 objects t appe>$ ar\nd me1 ,i 0 /ruck )
 ! long n>r[ vales on ! we/]n side4 ,!  

cultivat$ l[ gr\nds & /reams ( wat]1 all
 conv]g+ t[>ds ! wid] /ream & valley ( !
 ,james riv]1 pres5t$ a beautiful       
contra/ ) ! rude gr&eur ( ! m\nta9s     
among :i* !y lay4 ,:5 ,i look$ d[n ^u ! 
c\ntry 9 ! imm$iate vic9ity ( ! ,h\se   
,m\nta91 ,i admir$ ! beauties ( ! sc5e4 
,! woody hillocks & %ady dells _h lo/ e 
r\gh & disagreeable feature3 ! surface (
 ! woods 0 uni=mly smoo? & gre51 l a    
mead[1 & w\nd be=e ! elevat$ eye ) ! mo/
 graceful curves imag9able4 ,! little   
home/eads ab\t ! foot ( ! m\nta91 ! l>ge
 f>ms & c\ntry seats fur!r away 9 !     
valley1 & ! bright gr\p ( build+s 9 !   
village ( ,lex+ton1 =m$ a g5tle sc5e (  
beauty1 :i* reliev$ ! m9d f ! almo/     
pa9ful sublimity ( ! di/ant prospect1 & 
prep>$ u1 aft] h\rs ( delightful        
contemplation1 to desc5d f our a]ial    
height1 & to return ) gratifi$ feel+s to
 our college & /udies aga94  ,lex+ton1  
,virg9ia4       ,= ! ,s\!rn ,lit]>y     
,mess5g]4  ,,visit ,,to ,,! ,,virg9ia   
,,spr+s1  ,dur+ ! ,summ] ( #ahcd4  ,,no4

 ,i4   ,on ! morn+ ( a bright &         
beautiful day e>ly 9 ,july1 ,i resum$ my
 seat 9 ! mail coa* at ,lex+ton1 ) !    
prospect ( soon rea*+ ! ,virg9ia ,spr+s4
 ,! l9e hav+ be5 rec5tly e/abli%$ 0 z   
yet little kn[n1 & on ?is occasion ,i 0 
! only pass5g]4 ,ample opportunity 0    
af=d$ = view+ ! *>m+ sc5]y :i* surr\nds 
?is village2 &1 c]ta9ly1 ! _w c sc>cely 
pres5t a m lovely l&scape ?an t :i* lay 
be=e u z we ent]$ ^u ! turnpike :i*     
leads to ! ,spr+s4  ,at ! foot ( ! hill 
:i* we 7 desc5d+1 ,woods's ,creek 0     
/eal+ along ?r\gh ! %ad$ retreats & !   
velvet gre5 :i* l9es its banks2 ! adjo9+
 hills 7 cr[n$ ) wav+ fields1 n[ rip5+ =
 ! h>ve/2 ! *imnies ( ! ,mulb]ry ,hill  
resid5ce c\ld j be se51 pe]+ above !    
groves & ! foliage :i* ?r[ _! *>ms ar\nd
 its retirem5t2 ! ru9s ( ! ,old         
,academy--:]e ,alex&]1 ,baxt]1 ,mat!ws1 
,rice1 & o!rs ( ! fir/ m5 9 !           
,presbyt]ian ,*ur* 7 educat$1--) its    
m\ld]+1 ivy-cov]$ walls1 /ood 9         
melan*oly solitude on ! bord]s ( !      

neighbor+ =e/4 ,beyond1 0 ! roll+ c\ntry
 9 its v>iety ( sc5]y2 & 9 ! back gr\nd1
 ! ,h\se1 ,jump & ,nor? ,m\nta9s m>k+ _!
 cle> outl9e1 aga9/ ! deep azure ( a    
cl\dless sky4  ,aft] w9d+ among ! hills 
= a few h\rs1 we came 9 view ( ! long1  
unbrok5 range ( m\nta9s1 ov] :i* we 7 to
 pass2 & ?\gh /ill "s miles f ! base1 ! 
road c\ld be di/9ctly trac$1 runn+ 9    
/raight1 & !n 9 zigzag directions along 
! precipit\s asc5t4 ,soon aft]1 we      
comm5c$ our sl[ progress up ! m\nta91   
:i* might h be5 t$i\s _h x n be5 t e    
successive mom5t :i* increas$ our       
elevation1 reveal$ new beauties4 ,! road
 itself is "o ( ! curiosities ( ?is     
region2 x w\ld sc>cely seem possible = !
 +5uity & en]gy ( man to con/ruct s safe
 & s delightful a passage ov] ^! r\gh & 
almo/ p]p5dicul> ridges4 ,at "o po9t y  
may look f y\r c>riage w9d[ ^u !        
travell] "s fifty feet bel[1 p>allel )  
y\rself1 &1 p>adoxical z x may appe>1   
proce$+ 9 ! same direction1 al?\gh he is
 b\nd = ! opposite end ( ! road4 ,s     

great are ! angles necess>y to be made 9
 ord] to ov]come ! ob/acles :i* nature  
_h int]pos$4 ,! declivity ( ! turnpike1 
h[ev]1 is n[ s slight z to admit (      
travell+ at almo/ any spe$4  ,on rea*+ !
 summit1 ! view 0 inexpressibly gr&4 ,"o
 ( ! lovelie/ sections ( ! ,valley (    
,virg9ia spread its beauties bel[ u4 ,on
 "o h& ! ,h\se ,m\nta9 rose 9 solit>y   
gr&eur above ! surr\nd+ hills1 & on !   
o!r ! d>k spurs ( ! ,alleghany project$ 
out into ! m cultivat$ c\ntry4 ,on !    
s\?we/1 z f> z ! eye c\ld rea*1 m\nta9  
aft] m\nta9 c\ld be se54 ,imm$iately    
bel[ & be=e u1 7 laid out z a map1 !    
f]tile fields1 com=table f>m-h\ses &    
c\nty roads ( ,rockbridge2 ! num]\s     
/reams reflect$ 9 silv]y %eets1 z !y    
w\nd ?r\gh ! brok5 c\ntry & hurri$ along
 to p\r _! wat]s into ! bosom ( !       
,james4 ,across ! ,valley at ! di/ance (
 p]haps tw5ty miles1 ! great ,blue      
,ridge /ret*$ away t[>ds ! nor? & s\?1  
until x 0 lo/ 9 ! deep] azure ( ! ev5+  
sky1 or hid by ! d>k & heavy cl\ds :i*  

be> ! summ]'s /orm4  ,we 7 n[ ^u !      
b\nd>y :i* sep>ates ! ,valley f ,we/]n  
,virg9ia4 ,aft] gaz+ 9 admiration on !  
beauties ( ! c\ntry ?r\gh :i* we _h j   
travell$1 ,i turn$ to enjoy simil> sc5es
 on ! opposite side4 ,b no?+ except     
successive piles ( m\nta9s met ! view4  
,! deep vales & sun-t+$ peaks1 seem$ to 
be /ill slumb]+ 9 _! orig9al wildness1 &
 _h x n be5 = ! traces ( art exhibit$ by
 our turnpike1 & ! sight ( an iron      
f\ndry 9 ! valley bel[1 ,i %\ld h be5   
almo/ =c$ to ! conclusion1 t we 7       
di/urb+ ! sil5ce ( ^? =e/s :i* _h nev]  
be=e e*o$ b to ! cry ( ! pan!r1 or !    
w>-:oop ( ! w&]+ ,indian4  ,hav+ halt$ a
 few m9utes1 ! driv] %od our coa*1 &    
roll+ away ) ! s\nd ( ?und] d[n !       
m\nta91 we rea*$ ! inn :]e ! /age /opp$ 
= ! night1 j z ! sun 0 s9k+ beh9d !     
we/]n hills4 ,our l&lord & 8 bett] half 
7 !mselves ,dut*1 & _h rais$ up a /\t   
rosy-look+ family1 :o att5d$ to !       
dome/ic conc]ns ( ! e/abli%m5t )\t ! aid
 ( s]vants4 ,! h\se 0 situat$ on a level

 lawn betwe5 two l(ty ridges ( !        
,alleghany1 "p ( :i* 0 neatly enclos$1 &
 clo!d ) ! ri*e/ gre54 ,! domicil itself
 0 "o /ory 9 height1 ) a piazza 9 front2
 & ! peculi> national ta/e ( !          
proprietor c\ld be se5 9 ! free use ( r$
 & black pa9t ) :i* ! e/abli%m5t 0      
ornam5t$4 ,b ! int]ior pres5t$ an aspect
 r m invit+1 aft] ! fatigue ( ! day's   
ride4 ,! sn[-:ite table clo?1 & ! clean 
& pla91 yet delightful f>e1 ) :i* !     
table 0 b\ntifully suppli$1 gave evid5ce
 ( ! exi/5ce ( ta/e 9 ! cul9>y dep>tm5t1
 :i* amply comp5sat$ = ! want ( x 9     
matt]s ( less sub/antial importance4 ,a 
h&some coa* & f\r _h driv5 up j z we    
arriv$4 ,aft] tea ! gue/s assembl$ 9 !  
piazza1 & we pass$ away 9 *e]ful        
conv]sation ! h\rs ( a lovely summ]'s   
ev5+1 9 ?is wild valley among ! m\nta9s4
  ,we rea*$ ,cov+ton1 a village on      
,jackson's riv]1 to breakfa/ ! next     
morn+1 & by t5 o'clock _h arriv$ at     
,callagh5s1 a com=table c\ntry tav]n1   
:]e we int]sect$ ! l9e f ,/aunton4 ,on !

 arrival ( t /age1 ,i *ang$ conveyances1
 & ) x ! light & rapid travell+ ( ! =m] 
coa*1 = ! sl[ & heavy motion ( "o load$ 
d[n ) pass5g]s & baggage4 ,i f\nd z my  
new companions1 a v agreeable g5tleman f
 ,philadelphia1 ) 8 wife & son1 an      
intellig5t "y ,s\? ,am]ican1 a huge &   
awkw>d ,mississippian1 an incog4        
g5tleman ) a good c\nt5ance & a :ite hat
 ( ! fir/ magnitude1 a y\? ( ab\t       
sev5te51 ^: emaciat$ c\nt5ance1 hectic  
flu% & di/ress+ c\gh1 told t consumption
 _h m>k$ him z its victim1 toge!r ) "o  
or two o!rs n peculi>ly int]e/+4 ,we 7  
n[ b fifte5 miles f ! ,:ite ,sulphur2 & 
! impati5ce ( our pass5g]s seem$ to     
increase almo/ 9 ! duplicate ratio z !  
di/ance dim9i%$4 ,e few mom5ts !        
int]rogatory1 ,h[ f> are we n[8 0 he>d f
 "s "o ( ! company4 ,at l5g? ! numb] (  
h&some vehicles1 p]sons on horseback &  
on foot1 :i* 7 pass+ & repass+ u1 %ew$ t
 we 7 9 ! vic9ity ( ! ,spr+s4 ,9 a few  
mom5ts ! enclosure came 9 view1 &       
imm$iately aft] we drove up 9 front ( ! 

hotel at ! ,:ite ,sulphur4 ,gr\ps (     
g5tlem5 7 collect$ ab\t ! lawn & 9 !    
long piazza ( ! hotel4 ,all eyes 7      
eag]ly turn$ t[>ds our coa*1 & _m came  
cr[d+ r\nd1 9 hopes ( espy+ ! face ( an 
acqua9tance among ! new arrivals4 ,!    
fir/ physiognomy :i* greet$ our vision 0
 t ( ! manag] ( ! e/abli%m5t1 :o has no 
v enviable notoriety among ! visitors4  
,accord+ to 8 usual sy/em1 he _h our    
baggage deposit$ = ! rema9d] ( ! day at 
! foot ( ! tree :]e we l&$1 :il/ we 7   
left to w&] ab\t ! premises1 )\t ev5 a  
domicil 9 :i* to *ange our du/y travell+
 g>b = "o m 9 unison ) our p]sonal      
com=t1 & ! g5]al appe>ance ( ^? :o 7 to 
con/itute our tempor>y associates4  ,!re
 is some?+ 9 ! fir/ view ( ! ,:ite      
,sulphur1 v prepossess+ & almo/ en*ant+4
 ,aft] roll+ along among ! m\nta9s &    
d5se =e/s1 ! wild & uncultivat$ sc5]y is
 at once ex*ang$ = ! neatness & elegance
 ( ref9$ society1 & ! bu/le & p>ade ( ! 
fa%ionable _w4 ,almo/ e /ate 9 ! ,union1
 & "s ( ! nations ( ,europe may f9d _!  

repres5tatives at ! ,:ite ,sulphur1 dur+
 ! mon?s ( ,july & ,augu/4 ,! la/ season
 0 honor$ ) an uncommon assemblage (    
int]e/+ p]sonages4 ,we _h ,messrs4 ,clay
 & ,po9dext] ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,s5ate2  
,mc,duffie & o!rs f ! ,h\se (           
,repres5tatives2 ,commodores ,*auncey1  
,biddle & ,rog]s ( ! ,navy2 ,judges     
,c>r1 ,brooke & ,cabell ( ! ,c\rt (     
,appeals2 ,col4 ,asp9wall1 ,am]ican     
,consul at ,london2 ! ,hon4 ,mr4        
,s]geant ( ,philadelphia1 & a ho/ (     
dignit>ies ( some:at l[] degree1--also f
 ! religi\s community1 ,rev4 ,doctors   
,johns & ,kei? ( ! ,episcopal ,*ur*1 &  
,rev4 ,messrs4 ,*e/]1 ,/yles1 7(        
,georgia7 & o!rs ( ! ,presbyt]ian4 ,mr4 
,clay 0 j recov]+ f an injury he _h     
receiv$ f ! upsett+ ( ! /age1 b he mov$ 
ab\t ) ! lightness & activity ( a boy ( 
#ae4 ,inde$ we almo/ ?\ght t he desc5d$ 
f 8 dignity by 8 frivol\s & c>eless air4
 ,he 0 affable & accessible to all4 ,mr4
 ,mc,duffie1 on ! contr>y1 ) 8 h>d &    
=bidd+ c\nt5ance1 0 morose & di/ant1 & !

 v rev]se ( ! orator ( ,k5tucky4        
,p]haps1 h[ev]1 due all[ance %\ld be    
made 9 favor ( ! =m]1 on acc\nt ( !     
infirm /ate ( 8 heal?4  ,b ! ,:ite      
,sulphur itself mu/ n pass unnotic$4    
,its *>ms are wor?y ( be+ celebrat$4 ,! 
build+s1 :i* are situat$ on a gradual   
acclivity1 are arrang$ 9 ! =m ( a holl[ 
squ>e4 ,adjo9+ ! ,kana:a turnpike1 :i*  
passes ! spr+s & p>allel ) x1 are two   
l>ge :ite hotels4 ,"o ( ^! conta9s ! d9+
 & draw+ rooms1 & 9 ! o!r !re is a      
spaci\s saloon = music1 danc+1 c4 ,?is  
is also us$ on ! ,sabba? z a *apel4 ,9 a
 l9e ) ^!1 & runn+ 9 ea* direction1 is a
 r[ ( cottages "o /ory 9 height1 = ! use
 ( visitors4 ,) ?is at ! ea/]n extremity
 unites a cont9u$ range ( beautiful :ite
 cottages1 ) v5itians & long piazzas1   
=m+ ano!r side ( ! quadrangle4 ,at !    
di/ance ( sev]al hundr$ paces f !       
hotels1 & p>allel ) !m on ! hill side1  
is ! ?ird range1 :i* is built entirely (
 brick & ext5ds = sev]al hundr$ y>ds1   
until its l[] t]m9ation is conceal$     

among/ ! trees :i* =m a ?ick grove on ! 
br[ ( ! hill4 ,on ! we/]n extremity ( ! 
area are ! ba?+ h\ses1 & above all1 t   
:i* con/itutes ! great attraction--!    
spr+4 ,! res]voir 9 :i* ! spr+ rises1 is
 an octagon ( ab\t five feet 9 diamet]1 
f :i* a con/ant & copi\s /ream fl[s (f1 
supply+ ! ba?+ h\ses4 ,a few /eps lead  
up f ?is res]voir1 to a plat=m "s       
tw5ty-five feet 9 diamet]1 furni%$ )    
seats & surr\nd$ by a neat rail+4 ,!    
:ole is protect$ by a beautiful temple1 
compos$ ( l(ty :ite pill>s surm\nt$ by a
 dome4 ,f ! int]ior ( ?is dome is       
susp5d$ a *&eli]1 by :i* ! temple is    
light$ up 9 ! ev5+s4 ,a lawn ( ! ri*e/  
gre51 ta/efully laid out ) gravell$     
walks1 & %ad$ by an abundance ( oaks &  
locu/s1 ext5ds ov] ! area ( !           
quadrangle4 ,at ! di/ance ( a few feet f
 ! cottages is a light rail+1 along :i*1
 z also along ! walks1 are lamp-po/s1 f 
:i* ! area is brilliantly illum9at$ 9 ! 
ev5+4  ,we "k ( no sc5e m romantic &    
picturesque ?an t pres5t$ to a spectator

 f "o ( ! cottages on ! hill1 aft] !    
lamps h be5 light$ = ! night4 ,! floods 
( light1 /ream+ among ! trees1 & f e    
w9d[2 ! ?rongs ( ! gay & fa%ionable1    
cr[d+ ! walks = ! ev5+'s prom5ade1 & !  
?rill+ melody ( ! ri* music f a f9e     
,g]man b&1 ?r[s q a fairy-l influ5ce    
ar\nd ?is pleasant retreat among !      
m\nta9s4  ,on ! ,sabba?1 ! saloon       
usually occupi$ z a danc+ room1 0       
consecrat$ to m hall[$ purposes4 ,at !  
call ( ! bell1 a l>ge & v respectable   
congregation assembl$1 & li/5$ to a     
solemn & eloqu5t disc\rse f ! ,rev4     
,doct4 ,johns ( ,baltimore4 ,x seem$    
peculi>ly appropriate1 t :ile resort+ to
 ^! wat]s = heal+ ! diseases ( ! body1  
we %\ld also h rec\rse to ! wells (     
salvation :i* h be5 op5$ 9 ! h\se (     
,david = ! diseases ( ! s\l4 ,! grace & 
elegance ) :i* ! speak] on ?is occasion 
pres5t$ ! tru?s connect$ ) 8 (fice1 0   
calculat$ to r5d] !m int]e/+1 z well z  
to convey a s5se ( _! importance ev5 to 
! mo/ indiff]5t4  ,x w\ld be p]haps     

sup]flu\s to speak ( ! heal+ efficacy ( 
?is celebrat$ spr+2 its r5ovat+ effects 
are annually exhibit$1 & h be5 = ye>s4  
,x has be51 h[ev]1 a matt] ( regret1 t s
 little has be5 c]ta9ly kn[n1 z to !    
peculi> prop]ties ( ?is z well z ! o!r  
m9]al spr+s ( ,virg9ia1 & ( _!          
application to diff]5t diseases4 ,x is a
 lam5table fact t invalids1 by resort+  
to "o ( ! spr+s :i* 0 n at all suit$ to 
_! case1 h only aggravat$ _! diseases1 &
 hurri$ !mselves m rapidly to ! grave4  
,no impression is p]haps m common & none
 m errone\s1 ?an t if ! use ( a p>ticul>
 spr+ is efficaci\s 9 "o compla9t1 x w  
be equally b5eficial 9 o!rs1 no matt] h[
 diff]5t _! nature1 & t at all ev5ts if 
no good is ga9$1 no positive injury is  
receiv$4 ,! v opposite ( ?is is ! fact4 
,unless !re is a cle> und]/&+ ( !       
pa?ology ( ! disease1 & ( ! prop]ties ( 
! wat]1 z well z ! adaptation ( its     
con/itu5ts to remove ! malady 9 view1 we
 are = ! mo/ "p grop+ 9 ! d>k1 & play+  
at be/ b a haz>d\s game4 ,! want ( a    

m9]al wat] suit$ to ! case ( invalids1  
ne$ h[ev] det] no "o f visit+ ! ,virg9ia
 ,spr+s4 ,provid5ce has suppli$ 9 ?is   
region a v>iety suffici5t to answ] !    
necessities ( almo/ any case4 ,! only   
difficulty is1 to asc]ta9 :i* ( ^! wat]+
 places is adapt$ to ! p>ticul> disease4
  ,doctors ,bell & ,horn] h giv5 to !   
public ! results ( "s inve/igations 9   
ref]5ce to ^! wat]s1 b ! =m] _h nev]    
visit$ ! spr+s1 & ! latt] only = a few  
weeks ( "o season1 )\t ei!r prop]       
app>atus to p]fect a complete analysis1 
or suffici5t opportunity = witness+ _!  
practical effects4 ,! consequ5ce is1 t  
bo? ( ^! g5tlem51 ?\gh em95t 9 _!       
pr(essions1 h giv5 _! au?ority to       
/atem5ts :i* are 9 _m respects errone\s4
 ,difficulties f ?is s\rce h[ev] w soon 
be rem$i$4 ,pr(essor ,rog]s ( ,william &
 ,m>y ,college1 a g5tleman em95tly      
qualifi$ = ! purpose1 visit$ ! spr+s la/
 summ] ) complete analyz+ app>atus1 & x 
is to be hop$ t ! cause ( humanity w    
spe$ily realize ! b5efit ( 8 valuable   

inve/igations4 ,dr4 ,t9dall1 :o has made
 ! ,:ite ,sulphur 8 place ( resid5ce =  
sev]al seasons1 has devot$ 8 att5tion to
 asc]ta9+ ! practical effects ( ! wat]s1
 & int5d$ issu+ a volume on ! subject   
be=e ! comm5cem5t ( ! next summ]4  ,!   
efficacy ( ! ,:ite ,sulphur is          
pr9cipally conf9$ to affections ( !     
liv]1 & d]angem5ts ( ! sanguif]\s &     
bili>y sy/ems4 ,:]e !re is any t5d5cy to
 pulmon>y disease1 ! use ( ?is wat] %\ld
 by all means be avoid$4 ,its excit+    
effects are exce$+ly prejudicial to su* 
con/itutions4 ,a cont9u$ use ( ! wat] w 
occasion a rapid progress ( ! disease4  
,individuals ( a consumptive habit h be5
 kn[n to ha/5 _! end by a resid5ce at ! 
,:ite ,sulphur4 ,"o case at lea/ has    
come )9 my own obs]vation4  ,we _c leave
 ! ,:ite ,sulphur )\t a deep feel+ (    
regret1 t ! proprietors ( ?is o!rwise   
attractive & delightful place1 %\ld make
 s little provision = ! com=t (         
visitors4 ,! build+s1 ?\gh ext5sive1 are
 n at all suffici5t to accommodate !    

numb]s :i* n[ resort ?i!r4 ,dur+ ! la/  
summ] almo/ e h\se = miles on ! roads   
lead+ to ! spr+s1 0 ?rong$ ) p]sons :o  
_h be5 turn$ (f at ! hotel4 ,_m ( ^? :o 
c\ld obta9 ! privilege ( rema9+ ^u !    
gr\nd1 receiv$ exce$+ly unpleasant      
accommodations4 ,! table too1 :i*       
assumes a prodigi\s importance aft] a   
week's resid5ce & use ( ! wat]1 is by no
 means su* z %\ld be af=d$ at su* an    
e/abli%m5t4 ,e visitor w recollect 8    
d9+-room exp]i5ce at ! ,:ite ,sulphur4  
,b "o ( ! mo/ unpleasant features ( !   
:ole1 is f\nd 9 ! p]son ( ! manag]1 :o1 
al?\gh naturally possess$ ( an amiable &
 accommodat+ disposition1 we mu/ say1 9 
our op9ion1 is n qualifi$ = ! situation4
 ,x is mu* to be lam5t$1 t ?is place :i*
 possesses decid$ advantages ov] any    
wat]+ place 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates & p]haps 9
 ! _w--^: climate1 sc5]y & heal+        
prop]ties are no :]e surpass$1 & to :i*1
 not)/&+ ! accommodations1 cr[ds resort1
 %\ld n be fitt$ up 9 a /yle suit$ to   
its m]its4       ,= ! ,s\!rn ,lit]>y    

,mess5g]4  ,,! ,,f9e ,,arts4  ,,no4     
,,iii4    --------------- ,9 elegant    
design1   ,improv+ nature3 9 ideas fair1
   ,or great1 extract$ f ! f9e antique2 
,9 attitude1 expression1 airs div9e2    
,h] sons ( ,rome & ,flor5ce bore !      
prize4   ,?omson4   ,! sixte5? c5tury 0 
rem>kable = ! transc5dant excell5ce ( ! 
,italian pa9t]s2 e city _h its s*ool1 & 
ea* s*ool pres]v$ a diff]5t /yle1       
di/+ui%$ = expression1 grace or dignity4
 ,by s*ools1 we d n mean academies1 =   
!re 7 none :5 ^! great m5 came =?       
ennobl+ nature3 !y /udi$ 9 ! academic   
groves ( ! ,arno & ! ,tib]1 & 7 !mselves
 ! e/abli%]s ( ^? s*ools1 t fett]$ g5ius
 ) s*ola/ic rules1 & f t day ! arts     
began to decl9e2 ea* succe$+ g5]ation   
became imitators ( ! prec$+ "o1 &       
neglect+ ! /udy ( nature & ! poetry (   
art1 !y fell into a man]ism1 gr[+ worse 
& worse d[n to _! pres5t pu]ile &       
m]etrici\s /yle4 ,& "h p]mit u to       
correct a v preval5t error1 t ,italy at 
?is day is di/+ui%$ f> its liv+ arti/s1 

:5 9 fact no c\ntry ( ,europe is s      
defici5t 9 m5 em95t 9 sculpture & pa9t+2
 b = ! pres5t we w conf9e our rem>ks to 
! ma/]s ( ! sixte5? c5tury & _!         
unrivall$ works4  ,= ?ree c5turies !    
palm ( excell5ce has be5 aw>d$ to       
,mi*ael ,angelo = orig9ality1 to        
,raphael = correctness ( design &       
expression1 to ,titian = color1 &       
,correggio = grace2 b t 9 :i* !y all    
agree is sublimity4 ,?is1 says ,long9us1
 elevates ! m9d above itself1 & fills x 
) high conceptions & a noble pride4 ,!  
s\rces ( ! sublime he makes to consi/ ( 
boldness or gr&eur 9 ?\ght1 pa?os1      
expression1 & h>mony ( /ructure1 & ^!   
*>act]ize ! works ( ! ,italian ma/]s1 & 
place !m among/ ! epics ( ! p5cil4 ,x is
 n1 z pret5d$ connoisseurs ass]t1 9 !   
high relief1 ! wond]ful =e%ort5+1 !     
boldness ( ! t\* or f9e f9i%1 or ev5    
h>mony ( color+1 t ^! works claim       
sup]ior m]it1 = 9 all ^! ! ,dut* z a    
s*ool surpass !m1 b x is 9 ! gr&eur ( ! 
?\ght1 9 ! pa?os1 expression & h>mony ( 

! :ole4  ,mi*ael ,angelo's orig9ality & 
creative p[]s surpass$ ^? ( all m51 & 8 
k ( ! human figure con/itut$ 8 praise & 
8 reproa*1 = 9 ! desire to display 8    
anatomical le>n+1 he ov]/epp$ ! mode/y (
 nature & exhibit$ 8 figures ) a muscul>
 developem5t1 disproportion$ to ! /r5g? 
requir$4 ,9 ! ,si/9e ,*apel1 a little   
*ild hold+ ! ,cybel9e book1 is repres5t$
 ) ! arms ( an infant ,h]cules2 & 9 8   
holy family at ,flor5ce1 nak$ m5 are se5
 9 ! back gr\nd at gymna/ic ex]cises1   
hav+ no connection )1 or ref]5ce to !   
mode/y ( ! subject2 ! execution ( ?is   
picture is h>d & ! color opaque4 ,well  
might he exclaim aft] f9i%+ x1 ,oil     
pa9t+ is unwor?y ( m51 ,i leave x to    
boys4 ,raphael 0 ! boy aga9/ :om ?is    
s>casm 0 hurl$1 ^: works 9 oil w long   
survive 8 frescos1 & :o fre$ f envy--t  
passion ( little m9ds--?ank$ 8 mak] t he
 _h liv$ 9 ! days ( ,mi*ael ,angelo4 ,b 
! ,la/ ,judgm5t is ! "w on :i* ,m4      
,angelo's reputation re/s z a pa9t]2 x 0
 ! la/ he ev] execut$1 & is /rongly     

impress$ ) ! peculi> "* ( its au?or1    
orig9ality & vigor ( ?\ght1 )           
incongruity ( p]sons & place4 ,! son (  
man appe>s 9 wra? to take v5geance on 8 
enemies1 & ) an uplift$ h& & fr[n+ br[s1
 seems to say dep>t1 ye curs$ into      
ev]la/+ puni%m5t1 & !y are tumbl+       
headlong d[n 9 e conceivable attitude2  
on ! o!r h& ! righte\s are ris+ to      
et]nal life1 9 gr\ps ( a ma/]ly design1 
execut$ ) su* /r5g? & simplicity z to   
convey ! mo/ sublime ideas ( ! subject2 
b ! improp] mixture ( my?ological fable 
& ,*ri/ian fai? detract mu* f its m]it1 
& we are sc>cely less disgu/$ ) ,*>on   
f]ry+ 8 boat 9 hell1 ?an ) ! angels     
play+ ) ! cross 9 heav52 !y are equally 
out ( keep+1 & ! :ole sc5e is defici5t 9
 drap]y--ev5 ! bless$ be+ /&s expos$ 9 !
 nudity ( ?is frail t5em5t4  ,! "w mo/  
ju/ly to be br\ght 9 comp>ison ) ?is1 is
 ! ,transfiguration by ,raphael4 ,!     
subject is equally sublime1 & compos$ ) 
equal simplicity4 ,! :ole sc5e rises    
be=e y ) su* propriety ( expression 9 e 

c\nt5ance1 t x requires no int]pret] to 
"k !m2 no trifl+ ornam5t div]ts !       
att5tion f ! subject1 & no idle levity  
detracts f ! solemnity ( ! occasion4    
,human infirmity is br\ght 9 /rong      
contra/ ) omnipot5t p[]1 & ! m9d is l$  
by a natural gradation f our dep5dance  
up to 8 goodness4 ,an epileptic boy (   
int]e/+ age is support$ 9 ! arms ( 8    
fa!r1 & surr\nd$ ) fri5ds & relations1  
:o br+ him to ! disciples to be heal$1 &
 ! implor+ "m1 ! beautiful c\nt5ance ( !
 si/]1 ! anxi\s p>5t & suff]+ boy1      
excite our sympa?y1 & we look to !      
apo/les = _! miracul\s p[] ( heal+1 b _!
 fai? _h fail$ !m2 sweet *>ity rema9$1 &
    ,hope ! com=t] l+]$ yet bel[1  z !y 
po9t to ! m\nt f :5ce _! help come?4    
,foll[+ ! direction we behold ! pro/rate
 ?ree1 ,pet]1 ,james & ,john1 veil+ _!  
faces 9 ! ineffable pres5ce2 above1     
self-pois$ 9 mid air & bright 9 !       
radiance ( sup]natural light1 ! son (   
man is se5 betwe5 ,moses & ,elias4 ,x   
has be5 object$ t !re are two subjects  

"h 9 "o picture1 b !y are s closely     
alli$ 9 ! hi/ory ( ! ev5t1 & simultane\s
 9 "t1 t to sep>ate !m w\ld be to de/roy
 ! effect & int]e/ ( bo?2 no?+ c\ld be  
omitt$ )\t detract+ f its m]it1 & no?+  
add$ )\t impair+ its gr&eur2 ) !        
exception ( two m5 asc5d+ ! m\nt 9      
sac]dotal robes1 d\btless introduc$     
aga9/ ! wi% ( ! arti/1 to gratify "s    
(fici\s patron4  ,^! two pa9t+s may     
repres5t ! s*ools ( ,rome & ,flor5ce1 & 
are ju/ly e/eem$ ! sublime/ /yle ( art4 
,! =m] 9 fresco1 ! latt] 9 oil1 & bo?   
unattractive by ! beauty ( color+ or !  
magic ( effect1 b sublime 9 ?\ght1      
expression & design4 ,9 pres5t+ ^! to ! 
admiration ( ! amateur & ! /udy ( !     
arti/1 we w\ld n limit excell5ce to any 
"o mann]1 b on ! contr>y1 repreh5d ^? :o
 see no beauty save 9 a smok$ antique1  
or 9 a mod]n ,engli% portrait1 9 !      
boldness ( ,salvator ,rosa or ! f9i% (  
,c>lo ,dolci4 ,^! may be all beautiful 9
 _! k9d & h equal claims to admiration1 
?\gh inf]ior 9 sublimity ( design4  ,!  

,v5etian s*ool revell$ 9 ! luxury (     
colors & fea/$ ! eye ) ! mo/ h>moni\s   
arrangem5t ( ! brighte/ t9ts & broade/  
light & %ade2 & "s h suppos$ c\ld ^! h  
be5 add$ to ! ,roman s*ool1 x w\ld h be5
 ! p]fection ( art1 b ,sir ,jo%ua       
,reynolds ?\ght !m incompatible1 & x is 
n )\t probability t a gay] dress w\ld h 
detract$ f ! simplicity & greatness ( ! 
,roman pa9t+s1 z w\ld pe>ls 9 ! e>s ( a 
f9e /atue4 ,if ! ,v5etians !re=e1 7 n s 
sublime1 !y 7 m beautiful3    ,to ^? (  
,v5ice4 ,%e ! magic art    ,( colors    
melt+ into colors gave4    ,!irs too x 0
 by "o embrac+ mass    ,( light & %ade1 
t settles r\nd ! :ole1    ,or v>ies1    
tremul\s1 f "p to "p1    ,o'er all a    
b9d+ h>mony to ?r[1    ,to raise !      
picture & repose ! sight4  ,( ^!1       
,titian /&s pre-em95t 9 ! tru? ( nature 
& ! *oice ( ! beautiful2 a ref9em5t is  
impress$ on e product ( 8 p5cil1 & f !  
portrait ( ,*>les ! #e? to ! assumption 
( ! ,madonna at ,v5ice1 78 greate/ "w7  
!re is a nobl5ess ( air1 an elevation ( 

?\ght above common m5 or common ?+s2 x 0
 ?is1 n less ?an ! tru? ( 8 color+1 t   
employ$ 8 p5cil ^u s _m cr[n$ & noble   
heads2 8 c>nations gl[$ ) ! fre%ness (  
life1 nei!r err+ ) too mu* ( ! blossom (
 ! rose or ! yell[ ( ! m>igold1 & x is  
probable f 8 works1 ,fresnoy drew t     
admirable precept3    ,he t w\ld color  
well1 mu/ color bright1    ,hope n t    
praise to ga9 by sickly :ite4           
,correggio comes next 9 ! scale (       
excell5ce1 :o ) less tru? ( color ?an ! 
,v5etians1 or greatness ( design ?an !  
,romans1 surpass$ !m all 9 grace1 t     
indescribable je ne sais quoi1 s        
delightful 9 ! movem5ts ( "s p]sons1 &  
equally oppos$ to ! rules ( poli%$      
society & cl[ni% ru/icity4 ,8 figures   
repose ) a nature un/udi$1 & 8 *ildr5   
play ) an infant's artless              
innoc5ce--?\gh frequ5tly homely 9       
feature & badly drawn1 !y irresi/ibly   
*>m ! le>n$ & ! simple1 & comm& at once 
! highe/ admiration & ! highe/ price4#a 
,8 f9e/ "w is probably ! ,/4 ,j]ome at  

,p>ma1 s call$ f ?is sa9t's =m+ "o      
figure 9 ! gr\p1 ) ! infant ,savi\r1 8  
"m1 & ,m>y ,magdal5e4 ,! ana*ronism (   
?us introduc+ p]sons :o liv$ at diff]5t 
eras1 did n affect ! m9ds ( good        
,ca?olics ?ree c5turies s9ce1 m ?an !   
same discrepancy does ! mod]n read] (   
,ana*>sis4  ,footnote #a3 ,a ,holy      
,family1 only #i by #ac in*es 9 !       
national gall]y 9 ,engl&1 0 pur*as$ =   
#cjjj gu9eas4  ,g4 ,c4     ,= ! ,s\!rn  
,lit]>y ,mess5g]4  ,,rec5t ,,am]ican    
,,novels4   ,! ye> '#ce1 ri* z may be   
its promise ( social & political good1  
has s f> done little = ! cause ( lett]s4
 ,! s$uctions ( political di/9ction1 or 
! m sub/antial attractions ( ! lucrative
 pr(essions1 h turn$ f ! pa?s (         
lit]ature all :om g5ius & education h   
fitt$ to atta9 a high degree (          
intellectual rank2 :ile 9 ! peculi>     
dep>tm5t ( romance1 ! ma/] spirits1 ^?  
:o rul$ ! realms ( fiction ) undisput$  
sway1 h retir$ f ! sc5es ( _! glory1 &  
left _! neglect$ w&s to be play$ ) by ! 

puny arms ( dw>fi% successors4 ,,coop]#a
 has %elt]$ himself f ! furi\s /orm1 :i*
 an injudici\s & silly political        
pamphlet rais$ ab\t 8 head1 9 "s quiet  
nook 9 8 own native /ate2 :ile ,,irv+1 !
 elegant1 b ov]-nice1 ! g5tle b languid 
,,irv+1 has ab&on$ romance = reality1 to
 favor ! _w ) sket*es ( ,indian mann]s &
 sc5]y4 ,,pauld+ & ,miss ,,s$gewick h   
ceas$ = a "t1 to inflict _! /ories (    
humor & love1 ^u ! proprietors (        
circulat+ libr>ies1 & prov9cial         
book-sell]s4 ,b ! press has n ceas$3    
o!rs h be5 f\nd to succe$ to1 if n to   
fill ! places ( ^?1 ^: g5ius ! sanction 
( ! _w _h approv$1 & ^: names rank$ high
 9 our infant lit]ature4 ,:o are ! new  
com]s8 ,d !y write z m5 hav+ au?ority--!
 au?ority ( heav5-/amp$ g5ius1 to claim 
to be he>d = !mselves1 & _! cause8--or  
are !y b raw1 brawl+ bragg>ts1 :o h     
brok5 into ! sacr$ circle1 riot+ l      
buffoons1 disgrac+ :at !y c\ld n honor8 
,are !y m5ials ( ! m9d1 und]l+s ( !     
intellect1 :o h fill$ ! ri* banquet+    

hall j ab&on$ by _! sup]iors1 sitt+ 9   
squalid rags on ! spl5did seats ( g5ius1
 & gulp+ d[n ! dregs ( ! des]t$ w9e1 & !
 scraps ( ! half consum$ fea/--boors    
riot+ 9 ! sumptu\s ap>tm5ts ( _! lords8 
,are !y m51 :o1 by a vigor\s & educat$  
intellect1 & ! pati5t /udy ( ! works ( !
 great writ]s ( romance1 h fitt$        
!mselves to p\r =? words ( burn+        
eloqu5ce1 ( bitt] satire1 ( side-%ak+   
humor1 & irresi/ible pa?os8 ,are !y     
arti/s1 :o1 by ! curi\s & intricate     
con/ruction ( _! fable1 "k h[ to excite 
& su/a9 ! deepe/ int]e/1 ev] urg+ ^u !  
he>t "s t5d] affection1 "s exalt$ feel+ 
( honor & *ivalry8  ,footnote #a3 ,s9ce 
?is s5t5ce 0 p5n$1 we h notic$ !        
adv]tisem5t ( a new 7satirical87 novel1 
7,! ,mannik9s17 f ! p5 ( ?is g5tleman1  
to be publi%$ dur+ ! summ]4  ,at a p]iod
 :5 ! cr[d ( novels issu$ almo/ daily f 
! press1 ?reat5s s]i\s injury to !      
lit]ature ( ! age1 n only by )draw+ m5 (
 high natural capacities f ! ardu\s /udy
 ( grav] & m important subjects1 b by   

?r[+ be=e ! public su* a mass ( matt]1 t
 unless !y be neglect$1 7:i* f _!       
s$uctive "* is n likely to be ! case17  
no?+ else c be read1 x is ( ! highe/    
importance1 t an elevat$ /&>d %\ld be   
fix$ by :i* to measure ^! productions4  
,! popul> objection s (t5 urg$ aga9/ ?is
 species ( lit]ature1 is n )\t "s       
f\ndation 9 tru?2 & ! only mi/ake made  
by ^? :o h br\ght x =w>d1 consi/s 9     
apply+ to ! species1 t :i* is true only 
9 individual cases4 ,! influ5ce ( ^!    
fictiti\s hi/ories1 f ! rude =m ( ! e>ly
 romance1 d[n to ! brilliant productions
 ( ! be/ writ]s ( ! pres5t c5tury1 has  
be51 h[ev]1 on ! :ole1 advantage\s to   
g5]al lit]ature1 & ( ! mo/ humaniz+     
effect ^u society4 ,no?+ c\ld betray m  
silly ignorance1 ?an to contra/ ?is     
class ( au?ors ) ^? :o h *os5 high] & m 
ess5tially important subjects2 & because
 law1 & philosophy1 & ma!matics1 may be 
9 !mselves1 ( a deep] int]e/ & m        
univ]sal value1 to regret ! "t & tal5t  
devot$ to ?is elegant & ref9+ dep>tm5t (

 lett]s1 z s mu* labor & opportunity    
?r[n away4 ,s f> f be+ wa/$1 we "q1 if  
ev5 ! mo/ brilliant discov]ies 9 sci5ce1
 h contribut$ z mu* to ! com=t &        
enjoym5t ( society4 ,x w\ld be difficult
 to calculate ! actual am\nt ( moral    
good1 t may h be5 effect$ by ! con/ant  
hold+ up to ! "y & ard5t1 b pla/ic m9d1 
! bright & w9n+ examples ( female       
lovel9ess & manly virtue1 t ab\nd 9 ^!  
popul> & ev] attractive volumes4 ,& ^?  
:o und]rate _! p[]ful influ5ce1 "k      
little ( ! actual work+s ( ! human      
he>t--( ! secret influ5ces t direct1 =  
good or = evil1 ! wayw>d ?\ghtfulness ( 
! "y4 ,! :ole class ( romances1 !n1     
view$ z a means ( =m+ individual "*1 mu/
 assume 9 ! eyes ( ! morali/ & /atesman1
 an importance f> beyond _! intr9sic    
value1 z lit]>y works2 & x is ! =gett+ (
 ! ult]ior & va/ly m int]e/+ purpose :i*
 !y s]ve1 9 ! g5]al economy ( society1 t
 has misl$ _m virtu\s & ev5 able m51 to 
und]value & despise ! :ole species z    
frivol\s & wor?less4 ,a prop] reg>d to  

_! influ5ce1 ex]t$ 9 ?is way1 mu/ lie at
 ! bottom ( all s\nd criticism1 or !    
labors ( ! review] deg5]ate at once f>  
bel[ ! flippancy ( ! mo/ tra%y ( ! works
 he reads b to condemn4 ,! novel is only
 valuable z illu/rat+ "s peculi>ities1  
defects1 or excell5cies ( "*--passages (
 hi/orical int]e/1 or ! mann]s & cu/oms 
( a class2 & its success mu/ dep5d on ! 
ability ) :i* x is adapt$ to ! end      
desir$ to be accompli%$4 ,x is only ! m 
un?9k+ class ( writ]s1 :o mi/ak+ ! means
 = ! end1 h lo/ sight ( all object 9 !  
composition ( _! tales4 ,don ,quixotte 0
 n writt5 z a m]e record ( amus+        
absurdities2 its purpose 0 to put d[n ! 
injuri\s & ridicul\s follies1 :i* ! wit 
( ,c]vantes happily la%$ out ( ,spa94 ,&
 x w be f\nd t no "w has obta9$ an      
ext5sive & la/+ popul>ity1 t did n      
recomm5d itself by some?+ beyond ! m]e  
detail ( ! /ory1 & ! humor ( ! dialogue4
 ,b to return f ?is long digression4    
99       99       99       99       99  
,,! ,,insurg5ts4 ,we comm5ce ) ^!       

volumes z decid$ly sup]ior1 9 po9t (    
ability & int]e/1 to o!r works on our   
table1 f ! p5s ( ,am]ican writ]s4 ,!y   
are ! production ( "o :o has writt5     
be=e1 :o kn[s 8 own /r5g?1 & has fall51 
7if we may use ! expression17 into !    
regul> gait ( au?or%ip--he is brok5 to !
 press4 ,an outl9e ( ! plot1 w ! bett]  
enable ^? :o may n h p]us$ ! "w itself1 
to compreh5d ! ju/ice ( ! sc5es1 & to   
und]/& ! excell5cies or defects ( !     
v>i\s *>act]s t figure on ! /age4 ,!    
/ory is laid 9 ,massa*usetts1 at ! p]iod
 ( ! insurrection>y movem5ts1 among !   
inhabitants ( "s ( ! int]ior c\nties1   
dur+ ! adm9i/ration ( ,gov]nor ,b[do91 &
 imm$iately aft] ! close ( !            
revolution>y w>4 ,col4 ,eu/ace1 an (fic]
 ( ! revolution>y army1 a g5]\s b       
c>eless manag] ( 8 own affairs1 has aft]
 sev]al ye>s ( ardu\s s]vice1 & 9       
consequ5ce ( ill heal?1 retir$ to an    
e/ate fa/ fall+ to ru91 "u ! ?riftless  
conduct ( ! op5-h&$ ?\ghtless vet]an4   
,h5ry ,eu/ace1 8 elde/ son1 _h s]v$ =   

two ye>s z an adjutant to 8 fa!r1 &     
return$ aft] ! close ( ! w>1 full (     
ard5t aspirations1 & )\t any regul>     
pr(ession1 to 8 pat]nal home4 ,elizabe? 
,eu/ace1 is ! only daught] ( ! old      
,colonel1 & z ! propriety ( ! novel     
requires1 a lovely & int]e/+ girl4 ,tom 
,eu/ace1 a y\ng] bro!r1 plays a subalt]n
 "p 9 ! developem5t ( ! /ory4 ,frank    
,talbot1 an (fic] b a few ye>s ! s5ior (
 ,h5ry ,eu/ace1 succe$s to ! ,colonelcy1
 vacant by ! retirem5t ( ! eld] ,eu/ace2
 & aft] ! disb&+ ( ! army1 returns to 8 
resid5ce 9 ! village1 ne> ! e/ate (     
,col4 ,eu/ace1 & is soon deeply imm]s$ 9
 pr(essional bus9ess z a lawy]1 & 9 !   
political duties ( a repres5tative ( 8  
native t[n1 9 ! ,g5]al ,c\rt1 ! title by
 :i* ! ,legislature ( ,massa*usetts 0 !n
 di/+ui%$4 ,frank too1 has a si/]1 ,m>y1
 some:at ! s5ior ( ,elizabe?1 & di/+ui%$
 f h] by a res]v$ mann] & /udi\s habit1 
b little *>act]i/ic ( h] age & sex4 ,!  
conclud+ portion ( ! second *apt]1      
discov]s ! secret atta*m5t1 :i*         

,elizabe? ,eu/ace already bore ! "y     
legislator1 & drops ! read] a h9t ( :at 
! aft] pages ( ! "w m fully disclose4   
,! great sacrifices ( prop]ty1 incid5t  
to a w> ( sev5 ye>s1 & ! heavy impo/s   
:i* ! necessities ( ! /ate gov]nm5t     
impell$ x to levy on ^? :o 7 already    
deeply involv$1 /irr$ up among t class (
 ! p1 a _s ( sull5 discont5t2 & !       
legislature 0 already ! ar5a on :i* !   
relief1 or popul> p>ty on ! "o h&1 & !  
cr$itors on ! o!r1 _h array$ !mselves 9 
fi]ce opposition4 ,talbot1 :o is        
repres5t$ z dev\r$ by an ambition =     
political p[] & di/9ction1 ) an active  
re/less _s1 det]m9$ to disreg>d all     
pr9ciple1 :5ev] a m consci5ti\s c\rse   
might int]f]e ) ! gratification ( 8     
political aspirations1 embrac$ ! side ( 
! malcont5ts1 & 0 n[ on a visit to 8    
con/itu5ts1 = ! purpose ( r\s+ !m up to 
m active remon/rance aga9/ ! measures ( 
! cr$itors' or gov]nm5t p>ty1 already   
suppos$ to h secur$ a majority 9 ! l[]  
h\se ( ! ,/ate ,legislature4 ,h5ry      

,eu/ace1 at ?is "t1 visits 8 fri5d1 &   
consults ) him on ! *oice ( a pr(ession4
 ,m$ic9e1 to :i* he at fir/ incl9$1 is  
soon ab&on$1 = ! m attractive employm5t 
( politics2 & fasc9at$ by ! popul>      
eloqu5ce ( ,talbot1 ^: en?usiasm _h     
already enflam$ ! ard5t blood ( ,h5ry1  
he becomes "o ( ! mo/ viol5t ( !        
p>tizans ( ! p>ty to :i* ,talbot 0 !n   
atta*$4 ,:ile on ?is visit to !         
neighborhood1 ,talbot engages himself to
 ,elizabe? ,eu/ace4 ,8 tal5ts & influ5ce
 _h already attract$ ! att5tion ( !     
fri5ds ( ! gov]nm5t1 & !y resolve to    
tempt him to des]tion f 8 pres5t        
associates1 by ! (f] ( elect+ him1 by _!
 support1 to ! ,s5ate1 to :i* he already
 aspir$1 b ) little hope ( success1 f ! 
votes ( 8 own p>ty4 ,hav+ esp\s$ !      
popul> cause1 f motives ( p]sonal       
int]e/1 he z readily ab&ons x1 :5 m     
s$uctive (f]s are held out by ! opposite
 p>ty4 ,! bas5ess ( ,talbot1 :o seizes !
 fir/ opportunity to betray ! cause he  
_h =m]ly support$1 is an unexpect$ bl[  

to ,eu/ace1 & sev]s ! fri5d%ip t be=e   
exi/$ betwe5 !m4 ,! latt] assumes !     
secret comm& ( ! conspirators1 :ile     
,talbot devotes all 8 en]gy & abilities 
to ! s]vice ( 8 new fri5ds ( ! gov]nm5t2
 & e day wid5s ! diff]5ce betwe5 !m4 ,a 
l>ge portion ( ! two volumes is tak5 up 
) descriptions ( ! v>i\s m>*+s &        
c\nt]-m>*+s ( ! insurg5ts & ! militia1 9
 ! c\rse ( :i* ,talbot & ,eu/ace engage 
9 s+le combat2 ! latt] /rikes ! sword f 
8 adv]s>y's h&1 & sp>es him 8 life4 ,!  
/ory !n goes on1 )\t any ?+ ( importance
 occurr+1 until ! conflict betwe5 ! two 
p>ties 9 ! ,legislature1 is decid$ 9    
favor ( ! gov]nm5t1 by ! passage ( a law
 = ! susp5sion ( ! habeas corpus act4 ,!
 hatr$ betwe5 ,talbot & ,eu/ace _h      
already become ( ! mo/ rancor\s &       
malignant "*1 & ! arre/ ( ! latt]1 :o _h
 be5 once sav$ by ! si/] ( ,talbot1 is  
n[ effect$ by h] bro!r at ! head ( a    
p>ty ( soldi]s4 ,?us depriv$ ( _! *ief  
support1 9 ! p]son ( ,eu/ace1 !         
insurg5ts are soon disp]s$1 n h[ev] )\t 

a skirmi%1 9 :i* !y are put to flight1 9
 a way at once ludicr\s & conclusive4 ,!
 fir/ fire disp]ses !m1 nev] to recov]4 
,elizabe? ,eu/ace & ,m>y ,talbot1 9 !   
mean "t1 manage to br+ ab\t a           
reconciliation betwe5 ! two ho/ile      
bro!rs1 to :om !y _h be5 respectively   
engag$1 & a d\ble m>riage consummates ! 
happ9ess ( ?is qu>tette1 & concludes !  
second & la/ volume ( ! ,insurg5ts4 ,s  
mu* = ! /ory1 :i* ?\gh simple en\gh 9 ! 
detail1 is liable to ! s]i\s objection1 
t mu/ ev] lie aga9/ t division ( int]e/1
 ! necess>y consequ5ce ( introduc+ a    
d\ble set ( *>act]s into a plot1 t %\ld 
be s+le & simple4 ,! unities ( ! drama  
are n m ess5tial to ! p]fection ( pieces
 design$ = !atrical repres5tation1 ?an  
is ! pres]vation ( an individual &      
prom95t int]e/ 9 ! h]o ( a novel4 ,!    
n>r[ compass ( a c\ple ( duodecimos1 is 
n m ?an suffici5t = ! pa9t+ ( "o *ief   
"*1 ) ! sket*es ( ! m9or p]son1 necess>y
 to su/a9 ! int]e/ ( a plot4 ,an attempt
 at d\ble team+ a novel1 ) two sets (   

h]oes1 inv>iably results 9 de/roy+ t    
prom95ce ( int]e/1 :i* a clos] adh]5ce  
to ! legitimate =m ( ! fable1 naturally 
& necess>ily insures2 & no m /rik+      
illu/ration ( our position c\ld be f\nd1
 ?an 9 ! volumes be=e u4 ,! *>act]s (   
,eu/ace & ,talbot1 nei!r contra/ )      
effect1 nor h>monize 9 ! g5]al managem5t
 ( ! plot2 & ! awkw>d & unnatural       
reconciliation1 :i* is f9ally br\ght    
ab\t1 to say no?+ ( ! p]plexities into  
:i* ! cross-loves ( ! f\r1 plunge !     
writ]1 is ! be/ evid5ce t ?is           
d\ble-plott+ has injur$ ! effect ( !    
/ory1 by r5d]+ x necess>y to =ce a      
conclusion4  ,z ! fidelity to nature1 9 
! "* ( ! pr9cipal actors1 mu/ always be 
"o ( ! highe/ s\rces ( int]e/ to a      
critical read]1 we %all notice v        
briefly1 ! mann] 9 :i* ! au?or ( !      
,insurg5ts has succe$$ 9 ! p]sonnel ( 8 
descriptions4 ,! old ,colonel1 ! fa!r ( 
,h5ry ,eu/ace1 is exactly su* a p]sonage
 z e read] may h met )--brave1 g5]\s1   
c>eless1 & ignorant1 he is1 p]haps1 a v 

correct picture ( ! bett] "p ( ! anci5  
regime ( our colonial & revolution>y    
times4 ,)\t any /rik+ peculi>ities ( "*1
 & play+ b a subalt]n "p 9 ! /ory1 he   
only appe>s z a piece ( ! family        
furniture1 br\ght into play1 by ! casual
 location ( ! sc5e4 ,! read] has no     
cause to regret ! slightness ( !        
acqua9tance4 ,! ,colonel's second son1  
,tom1 is b an app5dage to ! /ory4 ,h5ry1
 "o ( ! h]oes1 beg9s 9 ! army1 a mis*ief
 lov+1 rule break+1 b active & gallant  
y\?2 & 9 ! progress ( ! /ory1 becomes an
 eloqu5t1 re/less1 rebelli\s            
demagogue--/irr+ up insurrection among !
 p--def5d+ 9 ! ,legislature1 )          
consummate ability1 _! pret5d$ wrongs & 
actual treason2 & ^u "o occasion1       
display+ 9 ! field1 ! *ivalr\s c\rage ( 
8 hot & impati5t ye>s4 ,he is1 h[ev]1   
always honorable & s9c]e4 ,8 treason is 
infatuation1 & 8 demagogueism 7if we may
 co9 a mu* want$ ^w17 ! fr5zy ( passion 
& ?\ghtlessness4 ,talbot1 on ! contr>y1 
is bold & eloqu5t2 a brave soldi]1 & an 

accompli%$ advocate2 b a cunn+ &        
unpr9cipl$ politician1 :o1 9 ! beg9n+ ( 
8 c>e]1 esp\ses ! cause ( ! malcont5ts1 
z ! only means ( secur+ ! repres5tation 
( 8 native village 9 ! ,legislature1 & z
 quickly ab&ons x1 :5 a high] (fice is  
promis$ him by ! fri5ds ( ! gov]nm5t1 z 
! price ( 8 des]tion4 ,dr4 ,talbot1 a   
c\ntry physician ( long practice & high 
repute1 is an abrupt1 r\gh1 b good      
natur$ disciple ( ,esculapius1 & seems  
to h be5 int5d$ = no o!r purpose1 ?an to
 enable ! au?or to dis*>ge 8 wit at !   
exp5se ( "s ( ! ill mann]$ admir]s ( !  
surly blackgu>dism ( ! ,ab]ne?y s*ool ( 
m$ical g5tility4 ,( ! two h]o9es1 ,m>y  
,talbot is a ?\ghtful1 res]v$1 bright   
ey$ blue2 ,elizabe? ,eu/ace is y\ng]1 & 
pretti]1 b m entirely ! *ild ( nature4  
,nei!r ( !m1 h[ev]1 say or act any ?+ t 
c di/+ui% !m f ! common mat]iel ( all   
novel-wom51 & s]ve r ! necessities ( !  
plot1 ?an ! illu/ration ( any ( ! m t\*+
 or exalt$ beauties ( female "*4 ,( !   
,dii m9orum g5tium--! l[] ord] ( "*1    

,zeek ,moreh\se1 a wor?less und]/rapp]  
ab\t ! old ,colonel's dome/ic           
e/abli%m5t--,hezekiah ,br9dle1 ano!r    
dome/ic1 :o1 :5 =tune _h ab&on$ ! /&>d (
 ! ,insurg5ts1 ) ! mo/ simple he>t$     
trea*]y1 'li/s = a private 9 ! adv]se   
army--,deacon ,hopk9s1 a ?9 visag$1 fl9t
 he>t$ knave1 ! usur] ( ! p>i%--,capta9 
,moses ,bliss1 ! inn keep]1 "o ( ^? p]t1
 l[ rogues1 s (t5 f\nd 9 village        
tav]ns--,capta9 ,%ays1 ! lead] ( !      
insurg5ts1 & ! v imp]sonation ( ! _s ( !
 militia s]vice--,mrs4 ,appleton & ,mrs4
 ,%attuck1 specim5s ( ! virago1 are all 
r amus+ examples ( ,yankee l[ life1 &   
af=d occasion = mu* *>act]i/ic1 if n v  
int]e/+ dialogue4 ,! o!r *>act]s br\ght 
out 9 ! developem5t ( ! /ory1 sc>cely   
des]ve to be notic$1 s]v+ z !y only d1 l
 soldi]s draft$ f ! cobbl]'s /alls &    
tailors b5*es1 = ! use ( ! /age1 to help
 ! au?or ?r\gh ! necessities ( 8 plot4  
,! conduct ( ! /ory1 is 9 "s respects   
extremely1 & v (t5 unnecess>ily1 faulty4
 ,! introduction ( ,zeek ,moreh\se1 9 ! 

second *apt]1 is a bungl+ exp$i5t to    
beat out ! au?or's mat]iel1 ov] a l>g]  
surface = ! publi%]3 & ! :ole sc5e 9 !  
kit*51 & aft]w>ds 9 ! pres5ce ( !       
,colonel's family1 is l[ & dull4 ,!     
,doctor 7,talbot17 is always an         
unnecess>y p]sonage1 & we h>dly ?9k !re 
is any ?+ ab\t him1 to comp5sate ! delay
 9 ! /ory :i* 8 pres5ce occasions4 ,!   
affair ( ,m>y ,gibbs's mis=tune1 is     
awkw>dly br\ght 91 & unsatisfactorily   
dispos$ (4 ,we are sorry = ! misconduct 
( ,eu/ace1 & r vex$ at ! facile =giv5ess
 ) :i* 8 mi/ress ov]looks x2 :ile !     
sil5ce ( ! noveli/ gives a v5ial "* to  
"o ( ! mo/ cry+ (f5ces aga9/ individual 
happ9ess & social ord]4 ,osborne1 & 8   
adv5tures1 f ! comm5cem5t1 ?r\gh 8 trial
 & mock puni%m5t1 d[n to ! p]iod ( !    
m>riage ) ,miss ,w>r51 =m an episode t  
only swells ! volume1 )\t help+ on !    
/ory1 or af=d+ ! au?or any opportunity  
7t he _h n be=e17 = rem>k1 or !         
illu/ration ( "*4 ,he is no?+ b ! %ad[ (
 ,eu/ace1 9 po9t ( "*2 & ,miss ,w>r51 z 

a sket* ( a flirt+ fa%ionable1 is n wor?
 ! pa9s tak5 to introduce h] to ! read]4
 ,! capital defect ( ! plot1 h[ev]1 is 9
 ! conclusion4 ,! bitt] contempt :i*    
,eu/ace mu/ h felt1 7& :i* he seizes e  
opportunity to express17 = ! bas5ess (  
,talbot1 9 betray+ ! cause ( ! popul>   
p>ty1 & ! rancor\s hatr$ :i* 8 subsequ5t
 viol5t p]secution ( him1 _h eng5d]$ 9 !
 brea/ ( ,eu/ace1 7see vol4 #b1 p4      
#bff-g17 to say no?+ ( ! cordial        
dete/ation ) :i* ,talbot return$ 8 ill  
w1 7see vol4 #b1 p4 #bfh17 r5d]s !      
reconciliation1 effect$ )\t any sort (  
explanation1 apology1 or cle>+ up ( !   
guilt ( ei!r1 unnatural & disgu/+4      
,eu/ace knew ! bas5ess ( ,talbot1 & !   
latt] 7a be>d$ man1 & a soldi]17 _h j   
decl>$ t he w\ld soon] foll[ 8 si/] to !
 grave1 ?an see h] unit$ to 8 enemy2 &  
yet1 pre/o6 ! au?or hav+ f9i%$ out 8    
second volume1 ! traitor & 8 bitt] foe1 
%ake h&s1 & ent] at once into an ex*ange
 ( si/]s by a d\ble m>riage6 ,9 ?is     
p>ticul>1 ! /ory is contriv$ ) great    

want ( skill4  ,! au?or seems to h be5  
aw>e ( ! propriety & good ta/e ( pres]v+
 hi/orical correctness 9 a novel1 f\nd$ 
on sc5es 9 real life2 b he does n       
compreh5d1 to its full ext5t1 ! _s ( t  
s\nd canon4 ,s f> z ! progress ( ! /ory1
 9 ! movem5ts ( ! insurg5ts1 is conc]n$1
 ! ev5ts are 9 /rict keep+ ) ,brad=d's  
acc\nt ( ! insurrections 9              
,massa*usetts4 ,b ?is 0 b a small "p ( !
 duty ( ! noveli/2 & he has violat$ all 
! re/4 ,! op5 rebellion ( ! great] "p ( 
! population ( sev]al c\nties1 ?reat5$ !
 mo/ s]i\s & al>m+ evil2 p]haps ! total 
ov]?r[ ( ! gov]nm5t ( ! /ate2 & ! _s ( !
 p _h become sull5 & gloomy4 ,9 !       
,insurg5ts1 h[ev]1 ! :ole affair is     
treat$ ) ridicule1 & ! read] ( ! novel  
is left ) an impression t ! insurrection
 0 ( a "*1 comp>$ ) :i*1 ! adv5tures (  
,don ,quixotte & 8 squire1 7 s]i\s &    
important6 ,%ays1 :o 0 ! head ( !       
malcont5ts1 & comm&] 9 *ief ( !         
disord]ly =ces t 7 arrang$ aga9/ !      
gov]nm5t1 is pa9t$ 9 ! novel1 z a       

despicably ignorant & silly creature4   
,n[1 su* w\ld n h be5 ! "* ( a man1     
elect$ to head a b& ( desp]ate          
insurg5ts1 ^u ! po9t ( engagem5t ) !    
=ces ( a p[]ful commonweal?6 ,we may    
add1 t ! :ole body ( ! relief p>ty1 ) ! 
exception ( ,eu/ace1 & 8 fri5d ,osborne1
 are describ$ z frivol\s gasconad+      
cl[ns4 ,9 ?is respect1 !n1 !re has be5 a
 gross falsification ( hi/ory1 & !      
extremely lit]al adh]5ce ( ! au?or1 to  
hi/orical correctness 9 ev5ts1 r5d]s ?is
 /rik+ v>iation ! m app>5t1 & ! m to be 
lam5t$4  ,! moral ( ! ,insurg5ts1 is    
defective4 ,! trea*]y ( ,talbot1 & !    
indignant virtue ( ,eu/ace1 are rew>d$ )
 ! same f9al happ9ess2 & ! un=tunate    
,m>y ,gibbs does n ev5 sugge/ to ! au?or
 a ^w ( c5sure1 ^u h] guilty s$uc]4 ,we 
%\ld h be5 glad to h made su* extracts f
 ! "w1 z w\ld h enabl$ our read]s to    
judge = !mselves ( its m]it2 b !re are  
few1 if any passages1 9 ei!r volume1 ( v
 /rik+ int]e/1 & any p>tial quotation   
w\ld r h misl$1 ?an correct$ _! judgm5t4

     ,m5 ( humor are always1 9 "s       
degree1 m5 ( g5ius2 wits are r>ely s1   
al?\gh a man ( g5ius may1 among/ o!r    
gifts1 possess wit1 z ,%akspe>e4        
,col]idge's ,table ,talk4       ,= !    
,s\!rn ,lit]>y ,mess5g]4  ,,lett]s ,,on 
,,! ,,unit$ ,,/ates ,,( ,,am]ica4  ,by a
 "y ,scot*man n[ no m4   ,bo/on1 #ahcb4 
,,de> ,,h5ry1--,y h reque/$ me to give y
 "s in=mation conc]n+ ! sci5ce &        
lit]ature ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 :i* h be5 s
 (t5 ! subjects ( ridicule & d]ision 9 !
 critical reviews & o!r lit]>y j\rnals (
 our c\ntry4 ,i take great pleasure 9   
comply+ ) ?is reque/1 z f> z my limit$  
opportunities h enabl$ me to judge ( _! 
condition4 ,i h read almo/ e ,am]ican "w
 ( any m]it ,i c\ld obta91 & m+l$ ) "s (
 _! m5 ( sci5ce & lett]s1 = ! purpose ( 
be+ direct$ 9 my rese>*es1 & ( acquir+ f
 p]sonal obs]vation1 a bett] k ( _! liv+
 au?ors4  ,9 sci5ce1 p]haps1 = s "y &   
gr[+ a nation1 its progress has be5 z   
/eady & rapid z c\ld reasonably h be5   
expect$4 ,9 ! exact & physical sci5ces1 

!re are "s :o1 ?\gh !y h n greatly      
enl>g$ _! circle1 are nev]!less pr(\ndly
 v]s$ 9 !m1 & :o w\ld n be rank$ bel[ ! 
be/ 9 ,europe4 ,9 *emi/ry1 m9]alogy1 &  
botany1 sev]al h acquir$ great          
di/9ction1 & ^! sci5ces are becom+ daily
 m popul> & m g5]ally cultivat$4 ,_m ( !
 "y ( bo? sexes att5d occasional &      
regul> lectures on ea*1 b especially on 
! fir/ & la/1 & x is n r>e to meet )    
females conv]sant to a c]ta9 degree )   
bo?4 ,9 ! nor!rn cities1 public lectures
 are deliv]$ on v>i\s bran*es ( sci5ce1 
:i* are att5d$ by bo? sexes4 ,!re are at
 pres5t sev]al sci5tific j\rnals publi%$
 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 :i* are said to be  
pretty g5]ally patroniz$1 & two or ?ree 
sci5tific associations1 ^: transactions 
h be5 giv5 to ! public4 ,( ! =m]1 ! mo/ 
m]itori\s are--,silliman's ,j\rnal (    
,sci5ce1 ! ,frankl9 ,qu>t]ly ,j\rnal1   
,*apman's & "s o!r m$ical j\rnals1 & two
 or ?ree law j\rnals4 ,( ! philosophical
 transactions ,i c say b little4 ,i h   
m]ely glanc$ ov] ^? ( ! ,am]ican        

,philosophical ,society1 ! ,am]ican     
,academy ( ,arts & ,sci5ces1 & ! ,lit]>y
 & ,philosophical ,society ( ,new ,york1
 b t glance has n impress$ me v         
favorably ) ! g5ius or le>n+ ( _!       
memb]s4 ,"s few pap]s are inde$         
valuable1 & exhibit consid]able rese>* &
 erudition1 b !y appe> to be defici5t 9 
orig9ality1 dep? & lucidness4 ,i h1     
h[ev]1 nev] be5 v p>tial to ^!          
associations4 ,! am\nt ( _!             
contributions to sci5ce or lit]ature has
 nev] be5 s great z to r5d] _! =mation  
desirable 9 my eye1 & c]ta9ly !y are n  
to be comp>$ ) ! individual labors ( ^? 
great lum9>ies :o h %$ su* radiance ov] 
! pa?s ( sci5ce4 ,sci5tific m5 "h h     
publi%$ f "t to "t ! result ( _! labors 
9 ! diff]5t physical sci5ces1 to !      
cultivation ( :i* !y h devot$ a l>ge    
portion ( _! lives4 ,! botanical works (
 ,bigel[1 ,nutall1 ,b>ton1 ,eaton &     
,elliott1 ! works on ,am]ican birds by  
,wilson1 ,bonap>te & ,audubon1 t on     
m9]alogy by ,clevel&--on entomology by  

,say1 & on natural hi/ory by ,goodman1  
are highly cr$itable to ! c\ntry 9 :i*  
!y 7 produc$4 ,law & m$ical lectures are
 frequ5tly publi%$1 & law reports are   
num]\s4 ,i believe e ,/ate has its      
report]1 & e ye> br+s =? a volume or two
 ( decisions4 ,jurisprud5ce appe>s to be
 9 ?is c\ntry a m complicat$ sci5ce ?an 
9 ,europe4 ,! /ud5t has n only to make  
himself acqua9t$ ) ! elem5ts & pr9ciples
 ( ,engli% law1 m>itime1 civil &        
crim9al1 b he has to acquire a k ( !    
laws ( ! p>ticul> /ate 9 :i* he         
practices1 & to "k :at ! c\rts ( !      
diff]5t /ates h decid$1 :]e he does n   
practice4 ,law is a favorite sci5ce1 if 
inde$ x c be call$ a sci5ce1 among !    
,am]icans4 ,!re is sc>cely a y\? :o has 
receiv$ ! mo/ ord9>y education1 t does n
 und]take to /udy & practice1 or attempt
 to practice x4 ,9 a gov]nm5t ( laws l  
?is1 law w be a desirable object (      
atta9m5t1 & h5ce almo/ e citiz5 is m or 
less conv]sant ) ! laws by :i* he is    
gov]n$4 ,! m$ical sci5ce too1 is v      

ext5sively cultivat$1 & ?is pr(ession   
has produc$ sev]al di/+ui%$ m51 ( :om ! 
nation has reason to feel pr\d4 ,b      
metaphysical sci5ce is almo/ entirely   
neglect$1 :i* is a matt] ( surprise :5  
we consid] ! v inquisitive & ref9+ "* ( 
! ,am]ican m9d4 ,m5 "h1 h[ev]1 h no "t =
 m]e ab/ract speculation2 & ?\gh _m ( !m
 ref9e & subtilize1 & split hairs on    
con/itutional que/ions1 !y are n v      
anxi\s to analyze or inve/igate m]e     
ab/ractions1 or to attempt to elicit    
light f ! d>kness ( metaphysical        
obscurity4--,"o ( ! mo/ ext5sively in=m$
 sci5tific m5 ?is c\ntry has produc$1 0 
,dr4 ,samuel ,l4 ,mit*ell ( ,new ,york1 
:o di$ dur+ ! summ] ( #ahca4 ,he _h     
devot$ 8 life to ! cultivation ( sci5ce1
 especially ! physical sci5ces1 9 all ( 
:i* he 0 well skill$2 b1 9 consequ5ce ( 
t vanity :i* sometimes accompanies great
 atta9m5ts1 he (t5 became an object (   
ridicule to 8 c\ntrym51 :o seem$ m      
incl9$ to depreciate ?an to exalt 8 real
 m]its4  ,( ! lit]ature ( ,am]ica y are 

almo/ z well in=m$ z myself4 ,i h look$ 
into mo/ ( ! native productions ( ?is   
c\ntry ) an imp>tial eye1 & am sorry to 
say t its lit]ature does n rank s high z
 "o might be l$ to suppose f !          
intellig5ce ( its p & ! nature ( its    
political in/itutions4 ,lit]ature does n
 receive t enc\ragem5t & patronage "u   
?is ,republic1 :i* are calculat$ to give
 x a vigor\s gr[? or a p]man5t & heal?y 
exi/5ce4 ,!re is n mu* individual weal?1
 & few c af=d1 if !y _h ! incl9ation1 to
 pur*ase ! productions ( native au?ors4 
,!re is1 h[ev]1 ano!r cause :i* op]ates 
to ! disadvantage ( ,am]ican lit]ature1 
& w cont9ue to d s1 until "s measure be 
adopt$ to rem$y ! evil2 x is ! *eapness 
& facility ) :i* ! productions ( !      
,briti% press c be republi%$ is ?is     
c\ntry4 ,! ,am]ican au?or has to /ruggle
 aga9/ _m disadvantages1 especially :5  
"y1 unkn[n & inexp]i5c$4 ,briti% works (
 e/abli%$ reputation c be obta9$ at     
little or no exp5se1 & repr9t$ 9 ?is    
c\ntry1 :ile ! native writ] is (t5      

oblig$ to publi% ! productions ( 8 m9d  
at 8 own co/1 or give !m to any "o t w  
und]take to put !m to ! press4 ,few c   
af=d to write = m]e fame1 & no great    
inducem5t is (f]$ to write = any ?+     
else4 ,h5ce !re are b few1 if any1      
pr(essional au?ors 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,=
 a long "t too1 ! p ( ?is c\ntry 7      
dispos$ to und]rate _! own lit]>y p[]s1 
& _m believ$ t none b ! works ( !       
,briti% press 7 wor?y ( p]usal or       
patronage4 ,?is prejudice is1 h[ev]1 n[ 
beg9n+ to we> away1 especially s9ce !   
critics ( our c\ntry h be5 =c$ to       
ackn[l$ge ! g5ius & lit]>y excell5ce (  
"s ( ! native writ]s ( ,am]ica4 ,b /ill 
:5 ! ext5t1 population1 age1 &          
comp>ative ref9em5t ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates   
are consid]$1 x mu/ be a matt] (        
surprise t s few au?ors ( di/9ction are 
to be f\nd )9 its widely ext5d$ limits4 
,may n ?is v ext5t be prejudicial to !  
cause ( ,am]ican lett]s8 ,! exp5se (    
transportation f "o portion ( ! ,union  
to ! o!r is s consid]able1 t ! publi%]  

f9ds x saf] & m pr(itable to conf9e 8   
sales to a limit$ & conv5i5t range1 ?an 
to spread 8 books ov] an almo/ b\ndless 
surface1 f :i* b few satisfactory       
returns are ev] made4 ,! ,am]icans1 ?\gh
 n a nation ( %op-keep]s1 z ours has be5
 d5om9at$1 are nev]!less a money mak+ & 
?rifty p1 & almo/ all are engag$ 9 "s   
lucrative k9d ( bus9ess or occupation1  
:i* af=ds !m b little leisure = ei!r    
lit]>y pursuits1 or ! cultivation ( a   
ta/e = ! f9e arts2 & ?\gh mo/ ( !m are  
read]s1 _! read+ is g5]ally conf9$ to   
newspap]s1 & ! political productions ( !
 day4 ,9 ! latt] ,i d n ?9k !y h made   
any v great progress s9ce ! p]iod ( !   
revolution4 ,9 =ce & p]spicuity ( /yle1 
felicity ( illu/ration & logical p[]1 ! 
au?ors ( ! ,f$]ali/ h n s9ce be5        
surpass$4 ,?is is a "w writt5 9         
p]iodical numb]s by ,hamilton1 ,madison 
& ,jay1 recomm5d+ & en=c+ ) great       
ability & eloqu5ce1 ! adoption ( !      
con/itution :i* n[ exi/s4 ,x is a "w :i*
 e man %\ld read :o wi%es to und]/& !   

pr9ciples ( ?is great *>t] ( ,am]ican   
lib]ty1 & ! motives1 feel+s & views (   
its fram]s & support]s4  ,9 ! walks (   
romance ! mo/ di/+ui%$ writ]s ( ?is     
c\ntry are ! late ,*>les ,b4 ,br[n (    
,philadelphia1 & ,j4 ,f5imore ,coop] (  
,new ,york1 bo? m5 ( unque/ionable      
g5ius4 ,! novels or romances ( ! =m]    
hav+ be5 rec5tly republi%$ 9 ,engl&1 y h
 no d\bt se5 !m1 & ^? ( ! latt]1 b few  
:o read at all h n read4 ,miss ,s$gewick
 has also writt5 "s popul> novels &     
ranks des]v$ly high among ! few lit]ati 
( h] c\ntry2 & ,mr4 ,pauld+ has lately  
publi%$ "s tales :i* h be5 well receiv$ 
& possess a good deal ( m]it4 ,i c      
sc>cely class ,wa%+ton ,irv+ among !    
romance writ]s ( ?is c\ntry4 ,mo/ ( 8   
tales 7 writt5 abroad1 & ,i d n ?9k t   
novel writ+ is 8 =te4 ,he has excell$ 9 
! o!r walks ( lit]ature s greatly t he  
ne$ n covet ! fame ( a writ] ( fictiti\s
 hi/ory4 ,br[n un=tunately belong$ to ! 
satanic s*ool ( our c\ntryman ,godw91 & 
all 8 dramatis p]son1 plots1 incid5ts & 

pictures p>take ( ! gloom & f]ocity ( t 
s*ool2 b ,br[n 0 unque/ionably a man (  
g5ius1 & capable ( giv+ lu/re to !      
lit]>y reputation ( 8 c\ntry4 ,godw9 0 8
 model1 z ,scott seems to be t ( ,coop]4
 ,br[n's picture ( ! yell[ fev] 9       
,philadelphia _c be surpass$ 9 accuracy 
( color+ & int5sity ( int]e/1 & x may v 
ju/ly be class$ ) ! description ( !     
plague at ,a!ns by ,?ucydides1 & t ( !  
same t]rible pe/ at ,flor5ce by         
,boccacio4 ,9 deta*$ sc5es ,br[n is v   
p[]ful1 b he nev] appe>s incl9$ to      
complete :at he beg9s1 or to pres5t a   
p]fect :ole4 ,he sometimes breaks (f    
abruptly1 or ha/5s too precipitately to 
a close4 ,he delights 9 gloom & ! m     
f]oci\s & uncontrollable work+s ( !     
human passions4 ,8 object is to excite  
t]ror & n t5d]ness--to raise up /orms & 
tempe/s1 & n to brea! ov] ! sc5e a      
quietness & repose calculat$ to soo! &  
tranquillize4 ,8 novels l ^? ( 8 model1 
are n[ b seldom read1 & he is rapidly   
s9k+ into oblivion4  ,! dramatic romance

 ( ,scott & ,coop] is n[ pref]r$ to all 
o!rs1 & has caus$ ,br[n's novels to be  
ca/ aside4 ,coop]'s rise to fame 0 z    
rapid z x 0 des]v$4 ,he _h be5 = "s ye>s
 an (fic] 9 ! ,am]ican ,navy1 :]e he    
acquir$ a k ( all ! m9uti ( nautical    
life1 :i* 0 ( great s]vice to him 9 !   
composition ( "s ( 8 tales4 ,^! are     
ju/ly consid]$ z 8 be/4 ,!y display a   
p]fect intimacy ) sea life1 & 8 *>act]s1
 incid5ts & s5tim5ts are su* z belong to
 ! m\nta9 wave1 & are always 9 admirable
 keep+4 ,8 dialogues1 ?\gh sometimes    
t$i\s & unnecess>ily prolong$ are on !  
:ole dramatic1 & s]ve n only to develope
 "* b to excite ! int]e/ ( ! read]4 ,8  
descriptions1 ?\gh at times graphic &   
/rik+1 are r too m9ute = effect4 ,!     
unities ( "t & action are well pres]v$1 
& 8 plots1 ?\gh v simple 9 _!           
con/ruction1 are usually wr\ght up )    
great p[]1 & (t5 produce ! mo/ int5se & 
?rill+ int]e/4 ,( 8 female *>act]s1     
g5]ally two 9 numb]1 b little c be said2
 !y are ,siamese tw9s1 b ) diff]5t      

dispositions & /yles ( beauty1 & play ! 
respective p>ts assign$ to !m 9 ! drama 
) prop] dec5cy & effect4 ,8 sket*es (   
,am]ican sc5]y & 8 del9eations ( savage 
life & "* are admirable4 ,!re is 9 ! =m]
 p]haps too mu* detail1 & 9 ! latt] too 
high color+ = nature2 b !y are          
unequall$1 & display ! vigor ( ,coop]'s 
g5ius & ! /r5g? ( 8 conceptions4 ,8 /yle
 is easy1 p]spicu\s & flu5t4 ,9 %ort1 he
 is a writ] ( :om any c\ntry might ju/ly
 feel pr\d4 ,7 ,i to attempt a p>allel  
betwe5 ! ,am]ican ,noveli/ & ! ,nor!rn  
,magician1 ,i %\ld say t ,scott has m   
v>i$ p[]s & a f9] poetical m9d1 b 9 !   
managem5t ( _! plots1 int5sity ( int]e/1
 & ! description ( natural sc5]y1 !y are
 n v unequal4 ,! ,scot* romanc] has     
great] acquirem5ts & a m m9ute &        
intimate acqua9tance ) ! hi/ory1 mann]s 
& cu/oms ( pa/ ages1 b 9 all t app]ta9s 
to sea life ,coop] is sup]ior1 & does n 
fall %ort ( 8 model 9 ! ability ) :i* he
 works up 8 incid5ts & developes 8      
plots4 ,?is1 y w ?9k1 is say+ a great   

deal = a ,scot*man1 b su* is my unbiass$
 op9ion & ! impression left ^u my m9d1  
aft] a c>eful p]usal ( ! productions (  
bo? ( ^! em95t writ]s ( fictiti\s       
hi/ory4       ,= ! ,s\!rn ,lit]>y       
,mess5g]4  ,,obs]vations  ,on !         
,national ,importance ( ,m9]al          
,possessions1 & ! ,cultivation (        
,geological ,inquiry4   ,! importance ( 
! metallic ores & o!r m9]al sub/ances1  
consid]$ z in/rum5tal 9 ! advancem5t (  
national prosp]ity1 is obvi\s to e "o4  
,9 ann\nc+ t a c]ta9 c\ntry possesses   
ext5sive & skilfully work$ m9es1 ei!r ( 
coal1 ( iron1 copp]1 t91 lead1 or o!r ( 
! num]\s ores1 we at once proclaim h]   
weal? 9 t]ms t all mu/ und]/&4 ,!y are  
readily p]ceiv$ to be ess5tial to !     
prosecution ( ! v>i\s arts &            
manufactures t fl\ri% 9 ! pres5t age1 & 
to =m a fruitful s\rce ( weal? to !     
c\ntry 9 :i* !y happ5 to ab\nd4  ,!     
facility1 h[ev]1 ) :i* "o nation c      
procure ^! f ano!r1 ow+ to ! free       
int]c\rse & sy/em ( ex*ange subsi/+     

betwe5 !m1 :i* ?us enables a c\ntry1    
b>r5 itself 9 m9]al treasures1 to atta9 
a respectable rank among ! weal?y       
nations ( ! e>?1 occasions u to assign  
to ! possession ( !m )9 our own soil1 an
 importance inf9itely less ?an is due4  
,we are dispos$ to consid] !m too mu* 9 
! light ( m]e articles ( export1 &      
valuable1 *iefly z commodities (        
ex*ange3 or1 if we d n be/[ too mu*     
consequ5ce on _! ex*angeable value1 we  
at lea/ all[ too little to _! intr9sic  
wor?4 ,yet1 :5 we assign to ! products (
 ! m9]al k+dom _! prop] rank 9 ! scale (
 national bless+s1 !y take _! place     
beside t ( a f]tile soil1 or a salubri\s
 climate1--bless+s we may /ill enjoy1   
?\gh we adopt ! exclusive & selfi%      
policy ( anci5t ,egypt1 or ( mod]n ,*9a4
 ,9 %ort1 we %\ld value ^! m9]al        
productions1 n z we value "o ( our great
 /aple commodities1 tobacco1 on acc\nt (
 its nom9al price1 b on _! own acc\nt--n
 by ! ga9 d]iv$ f p>t+ )1 b t d]iv$ f   
keep+ !m4 ,nor %\ld we conf9e our       

solicitude to procur+ n[1 on ! easie/   
t]ms1 ! means ( supply+ our imm$iate    
wants2 b ) a m compreh5sive view1 look  
=w>d & provide = ! p]iod1 :5 ! gr[+     
wants ( ! unborn millions de/9$ to p our
 almo/ b\ndless t]ritory1 w create a    
dem& = ^! sub/ances1 9 quantities :i*   
ei!r =eign nations1 ) comp>atively      
exhau/$ m9es1 w be unable to supply1 or 
to pur*ase :i*1 we mu/ appropriate t    
produce 7! produce ( a l>ge portion ( ! 
surface ( ! soil17 :i* %\ld be devot$ to
 ! m legitimate purpose ( furni%+ to its
 inhabitants ! means ( subsi/5ce &      
employm5t4  ,we are apt too to =get1 t 7
 x possible1 ) or )\t ! int]v5tion ( w>1
 = a p to be cut (f f all int]c\rse )   
o!r nations1 & to be de/itute !mselves (
 m9]al res\rces1 t _! v exi/5ce1 at lea/
 z a civiliz$ p1 w\ld be next to        
impossible4 ,t ! diff]5t degrees (      
ref9em5t atta9$ by ! human race 9       
diff]5t p]iods ( antiquity1 are m>k$ ) a
 precision suffici5tly di/9ct1 by _!    
acqua9tance ) ! metals1 & ! uses to :i* 

!y are susceptible ( be+ appli$3 &1 t   
ne>] our own times1 ! aborig9al         
inhabitants ( our own cont95t 7 f\nd    
exi/+ 9 a high] or l[] /age ( progress  
t[>ds civilization1 9 proportion to _! k
 or _! ignorance ( ^! sub/ances4  ,to   
trace a little fur!r1 ! connection (    
m9]al weal? ) national prosp]ity1 we may
 obs]ve1 t ! wants ( a p may be said to 
be ma9ly suppli$1 :5 !y are provid$ )   
food1 clo?+ & habitation1 & !y are bett]
 or worse suppli$1 accord+ to ! nature &
 abundance ( ! mat]ials !y possess = !  
fabrication ( ^!1 & ! p]fection ( !     
in/rum5ts !y may h1 prop] = fa%ion+ !m  
into conv5i5t =ms4 ,! nation :i* c comm&
 = its subsi/5ce1 9 greate/ pr(usion1 ! 
v>i$ vegetable & animal productions1 (  
:atev] clime1 t con/itute ! necess>ies &
 luxuries ( life2 ^: well /or$ magaz9es 
( m]*&ize furni%1 = its app>el1 ! f9e/  
fabrics & ! ri*e/ /uffs2 & :i* c boa/1 =
 its places ( dwell+1 ! mo/ commodi\s1  
spl5did & durable edifices1 ) ! v>i\s   
conv5i5ces t necess>ily keep pace )     

improvem5ts 9 ^!1 may be said1          
physically consid]$1 to h well nigh     
atta9$ ! p9nacle ( prosp]ity4 ,let u    
obs]ve 9 :at mann] ! m9]al sub/ances to 
:i* we h allud$1 contribute to accompli%
 ?is end4 ,let u suppose man rude &     
b>b>\s1 = ! fir/ "t1 to be pres5t$ ) t  
be/ ( gifts--iron2 & = ! sake ( proce$+1
 let u anticipate ! sl[ progress (      
ev5ts1 & give x to him 9 ! =m into :i*  
he w\ld soon conv]t x--t ( ! simple/    
implem5ts4 ,in/antly 8 habits are *ang$3
 8 w&]+ mode ( life is ab&on$3 8 abode  
becomes fix$1 & he himself devot$ to    
labor4 ,9 a little "t1 ! rugg$ face (   
nature is made to assume a s(t5$ & a    
bright5$ aspect1 & to smile ^u him ) a  
novel beauty4 ,! ample & anci5t =e/1 8  
=m] range1 falls ) cont9u$ cra%1 day    
aft] day1 b5ea? ! repeat$ /roke ( 8 axe3
 on all sides1 broad & sunny pla9s op5  
ar\nd him3 ! brok5 soil heav$ up to !   
influ5ce ( ! atmosph]e by 8 pl\gh1 or   
/irr$ ) 8 hoe1 beg9s to yield 9         
abundance ! fruits ( ! e>?2 ! pro/rate  

timb] r5t asund] by 8 w$ge1 & hew$1     
saw$1 or *isel$ into appropriate %apes1 
furni%es mat]ials ( build+3 ^!1 arrang$ 
& secur$ by means ( p9s or nails ( !    
same mat]ial1 rise 9 ord]ly succession  
"o above ano!r1 till !re is erect$ = 8  
habitation a com=table & commodi\s      
dwell+3--:ile ! surr\nd+ fields1 n[ t he
 has ample food 9 /ore = _! support1 are
 ov]spread ) ! flocks he has dome/icat$1
 to provide = 8 use unfail+ supplies (  
clo?+ & subsi/5ce4 ,already he has made 
himself acqua9t$ ) ! rudim5ts (         
agriculture1 ar*itecture & manufactures1
 & has laid ! f\ndation ( ! useful arts4
  ,comp>e 8 condition n[1 ) t 9 :i* he  
exi/$ be=e 8 acqua9tance ) ! uses (     
iron3 contra/ ! savage ( ! =e/ ) !      
cultivator ( ! field--! scanty &        
prec>i\s su/5ance ( ! "o1 ) ! regul> &  
abundant subsi/5ce ( ! o!r--! cov]+ (   
sk91 ) ! g>m5t ( wool--! hut1 ) !       
commodi\s dwell+--! h>d%ips att5dant on 
"o mode ( life1 ) ! num]\s conv5i5ces t 
foll[ z a necess>y tra9 to ! o!r2 & f   

?is r\gh-drawn & v imp]fect outl9e1 !re 
may be =m$ "s slight idea ( ! revolution
 effect$ 9 ! condition ( man1 ev5 by a  
limit$ acqua9tance ) ! simpl] uses ( ?is
 s+le1 ?\gh mo/ important ( all ! m9]al 
sub/ances4  ,x is sc>cely necess>y to   
direct ! read]'s att5tion to ! accession
 to ! com=ts1 ! conv5i5ces1 ! elegancies
 ( life1 or to ! va/ acquisitions to !  
p[] ( man1 :i*1 9 successive p]iods (   
"t1 h be5 ga9$ by a m ext5d$ & famili>  
acqua9tance ) ! v>i\s prop]ties ( iron1 
& ! innum]able purposes to :i*1 )       
increas$ advantage1 human +5uity has    
discov]$ x to be applicable4 ,x is      
suffici5t to turn ! eye on "s great &   
popul\s city--! seat ( busy             
manufactures2--on a ,%effield1 a        
,man*e/]1 or a ,birm+ham1--^? nurs]ies (
 ! arts1 & work%ops ( ! _w3 to view its 
imm5se e/abli%m5ts 9 active op]ation1 & 
look on ! t5s ( ?\s&s ( ! indu/ri\s !y  
ma9ta9 & employ4 ,x is suffici5t to he> 
! et]nal d9 & incessant ro> ( /up5d\s   
ma*9]y1 labor+ 9 ! s]vice ( man1 9      

ob$i5ce to laws & impulses he has giv5  
to x2--to see its multif>i\s &          
complicat$ p>ts p]=m+ ea* its allott$   
movem5t2--sw++ heavily1 ) measur$ "t1 & 
=ce1 or %oot+ to & fro ) regulat$       
rapidity2 revolv+ sl[ly1 & lazily ar\nd1
 or fly+ ) inconceivable velocity1 &    
:irl+ smoo?ly1 ea* 9 its prop]          
sph]e1--mov+1 all 9 h>moni\s coop]ation1
 to effect "s b5eficial end1 ) a        
precision un]r+--z if impress$ ) !      
intellig5ce & volition ( animat$ be+4 ,x
 is suffici5t1 to be conv9c$ ( ! great  
acquisition we h 9 iron1 to witness !   
wondr\s effects ( ! /eam-eng9e1--t giant
 ma*9e1 :i* p]=ms to our h&s ! labor (  
c\ntless ho/s2 :i* enables u to p5etrate
 into ! secret recesses ( ! solid e>?1 &
 to ma/] ! ocean1 & ! v elem5ts         
!mselves4 ,x r[s1 x pumps1 x excavates1 
x c>ries1 x draws1 x lifts1 x hamm]s1 x 
sp9s1 x weaves1 x pr9ts2--t ma/]piece ( 
human skill1 :i*1 9 ! language ( !      
celebrat$ ,doctor ,black1 is ! mo/      
valuable pres5t ev] made by philosophy  

to ! arts4  ,aga91 :5 we behold mat]ials
 ( e kn[n description1 9 ! rude /ate 9  
:i* nature pres5ts !m1 be=e !y h be5    
subject$ to ! fir/ elem5t>y process 9 _!
 manufacture1 & look ^u !m1 aft] !y h   
und]gone ! v>i\s me*anical op]ations to 
:i* !y are successively submitt$1 & are 
produc$ 9 a f9i%$ /ate1 ( e =m & fa%ion 
t c m9i/] to ! wants1 or gratify !      
caprice ( man1 we almo/ d\bt _! id5tity1
 & are at a loss :i* mo/ to admire1 !   
utility ( ! sub/ance by means ( :i* s   
wond]ful a *ange has be5 effect$1 or !  
sagacity ( him1 :o m\lds & con/ructs x  
into complicat$ ma*9es1 to :i* he gives 
motion & almo/ life1 to "w out 8 own    
advantage4 ,&1 la/ly1 :5 !re is display$
 be=e u ! endless v>iety ( manufactur$  
goods & w>es2---( in/rum5ts1 &          
implem5ts1 & ut5sils2--( ma*9es1 &      
eng9es1 & me*anical contrivances to     
abridge human labor2 :5 we gaze on !    
imm5se fleets t wait to receive !m1 9 an
 hundr$ ports ( "s great manufactur+    
c\ntry1 or survey ! seas :it5$ ) !      

sails1 & heav+ b5ea? ! bur!ns ( :ole    
navies1 busi$ 9 transport+ !m to di/ant 
& expectant nations1 & ev5 pilot$ 9 _!  
c\rse1 ?r\gh ! wide & trackless wa/e (  
wat]s1 ) un]r+ accuracy1 by a prop]ty   
peculi> to iron1--we turn f !           
contemplation m fully p]suad$ ( ! ext5t 
to :i* we are indebt$ to ?is s+le metal1
 to :i* 9 tru?1 if we except !          
spontane\s productions ( nature1 7(     
little comp>ative value unwr\ght17 we   
owe e ?+ we possess4  ,we are enabl$1   
p]haps1 by ?is review1 ha/y ?\gh x has  
be51 ( ! num]\s & v>i$ uses ( iron1     
bett] to e/imate its real wor?1 & we d n
 hesitate to assign to x1 an importance 
among ! elem5ts ( national prosp]ity ( !
 highe/ ord]1 & to consid] x1 :at truly 
x is1 ! mo/ valuable ( all acquisitions4
 ,we look ^u ! c\ntry ri* 9 ! possession
 ( its ores1 ) feel+s ( rivalry1 & are  
prompt$ to emulate h] 9 acquir+ ?is true
 species ( sub/antial weal?4 ,our       
national ambition is excit$ to grasp at 
?is mighty in/rum5t ( p[]1 & our en]gies

 %\ld be r\s$ into ceaseless activity1  
until1 by untir+ assiduity 9 survey+ &  
explor+ our own tempt+ regions1 guid$ by
 ! lights borr[$ f geological sci5ce1 we
 succe$ 9 enl>g+ our m9]al doma9 to at  
lea/ an equal ext5t4  ,be=e proce$+ to !
 consid]ation ( any o!r ( ! sub/ances we
 h propos$ to treat (1 x may n be       
improp]1 "h1 to annex 7m 9 ! =m ( notes7
 a few facts illu/rative ( ! hi/ory ( ! 
v int]e/+ m9]al :i* has occupi$ our     
att5tion 9 ! prec$+ rem>ks4  ,( all !   
metals1 iron is ! mo/ widely &          
univ]sally di/ribut$1 be+ conf9$ to no  
p>ticul> =mation z its repository1 b    
discov]able 9 e class ( rocks1 f ! olde/
 granite to ! newe/ alluvial deposit4 ,x
 is also ! mo/ abundant ( ! metallic    
ores3 :ole m\nta9s compos$ ( x occurr+ 9
 ! nor!rn p>ts ( ! globe4 ,z in/ances ( 
! great masses 9 :i* x is f\nd1 x may be
 m5tion$1 t ! sp>ry iron ore f\nd 9 !   
floetz lime/one 9 ,/iria1 has be5 work$ 
to an imm5se ext5t & ) great pr(it1 = m 
?an twelve hundr$ ye>s3 &1 t ! ,rio     

m\nta9 9 ! isl& ( ,elba1 five hundr$    
feet 9 height & ?ree miles 9            
circumf]5ce1 kn[n at an e>ly day to !   
,romans1 79 :i* m9es are /ill wr\ght17  
is :olly compos$ ( specul> iron ore4    
,?\gh ?is metal1 z we h /at$1 exi/s 9 e 
k9d ( rock & soil1 x has be5 rem>k$1 t !
 d>k oxides or its ri*e/ ores are conf9$
 exclusively to primitive rocks4 ,! ores
 are g5]ally1 x has also be5 obs]v$1 ( a
 pur] quality1 & m abundant 9 nor!rn    
regions4 ,:at are d5om9at$ iron-/ones1  
or ! ores conta9+ a l>g] proportion (   
e>?y matt]1 are f\nd 9 ! second>y /rata1
 & exi/ commonly 9 great abundance 9 ^? 
accompany+ coal4  ,al?\gh iron 0 kn[n 9 
! remote/ ages1 & 0 9 use among "s      
p>ticul> nations ev5 at a "t ant]ior to 
! deluge1 accord+ to ,moses1 7,g54 iv4  
#bb7 we are n to presume x 0 9 g5]al    
use3    ,him ,tubal nam'd1 ! ,vulcan (  
old times    ,! sword & fal*ion _!      
inv5tion claim2    ,& ! fir/ smi? 0 !   
fir/ murd]]'s son4  ,nor mu/ we =get1 t 
! useful arts1 & among !m ! art ( work+ 

metals1 7 lo/ to ! g5]ality ( mank9d1 9 
consequ5ce ( t univ]sal calamity4 ,gold1
 silv] & copp] seem to be ! metals ( :i*
 ! k & uses 7 e>lie/ recov]$ aft] t     
p]iod2 ow+1 no d\bt1 to _! be+ (t5] f\nd
 on ! surface ( ! e>?1 or 9 ! b$s (     
/reams--to _! m frequ5t occurr5ce 9 !   
metallic /ate1 & to ! great] ease ) :i* 
!y are sep>at$ f _! ores4 ,copp]1 ?\gh  
greatly inf]ior to iron1 yet possesses  
consid]able t5acity1 & suffici5t h>dness
 to furni% a sub/itute 9 ! con/ruction (
 cutt+ in/rum5ts1 & ei!r pure1 or alloy$
 ) t9 to increase its h>dness1 con/itut$
 ! mat]ials ( :i* 7 =m$ ! swords1       
hat*ets1 & arti/'s tools ( _m anci5t    
nations4 ,! arms & tools ( ! ,am]ican   
nations 7 simil>ly made1 & by means (   
?is awkw>d sub/itute1 ! ,mexicans &     
,p]uvians made consid]able advances 9   
manufactures & ! arts--great] p]haps ?an
 any o!r p unacqua9t$ ) ! use ( iron4 ,!
 inconv5i5ce exp]i5c$ by ^! nations f _!
 ignorance ( ?is metal1 & ! awkw>d      
exp$i5ts to :i* 9 consequ5ce !y _h      

rec\rse1 af=d an important lesson 9     
tea*+ u :at e/imate to make ( ! value ( 
a sub/ance1 :i*1 its v requisit5ess to e
 common purpose ( life s famili>izes u  
)1 z to cause u daily to pass by )      
little or no notice4 ,! evils :i* we are
 taught w\ld inevitably foll[ its loss1 
make a deep] impression ( its           
importance1 ?an all ! advantages1       
manifold ?\gh !y be1 :i* 9 he$less      
enjoym5t1 we are cont9ually d]iv+ f its 
possession4 ,) no bett] sub/itute = iron
 tools 9 cutt+ /one1 ?an ! %>p edg$     
fragm5ts ( fl9t1--)\t c>riages1 or      
ma*9es ( any k9d1--h[ t$i\s & labori\s  
mu/ h be5 ! "w ( sep>at+ f ! qu>ry1 (   
%ap+1 ( transport+ to a di/ance1 &      
elevat+ to a prop] height1 ! huge blocks
 ( /one ) :i* ! ,mexicans & ,p]uvians   
contriv$ to erect _! temples & o!r      
public edifices6--/ructures t h comm&$ !
 admiration ( m mod]n nations4 ,:at toil
 & :at "t mu/ h be5 exp5d$ 9 ! op]ation 
( divid+ a s+le block1 by means (       
cont9u$ rubb+ ( "o rock aga9/ ano!r6    

,:at pa9s & :at ef=ts ( +5uity mu/ x h  
co/ ! artizans ( ,montezuma1 )\t ! aid (
 nails1 to =m ! ceil+s ( 8 palace1 by an
 arrangem5t ( ! planks s artificial1 z  
mutually to su/a9 ea* o!r6 ,) :at       
eag]ness ! ,p]uvian w\ld h accept$ nails
 ( iron1 to fa/5 toge!r ! pieces ( timb]
 he employ$ 9 build+1 & h laid aside z  
wor?less1 ! cords ( hemp 8 necessities  
compell$ him to apply to t purpose6 ,:at
 an acquisition w\ld h be5 ev5 a common 
ne$le1 9 ! place ( ! ?orn1 to :i*1 9 !  
fa%ion+ ( _! cotton g>m5ts1 !y 7 oblig$ 
to h rec\rse6  ,iron diff]s f ! metals  
we h m5tion$ z e>lie/ kn[n1 by its      
occurr+ r>ely 9 a metallic /ate1 & be+  
!n mo/ difficult ( fusion3 its uses 7 9 
consequ5ce a lat] discov]y4 ,! me?ods1  
besides1 ( dis5gag+ x f ! ores 9 :i* x  
is usually f\nd 9 nature1 are f> f be+  
obvi\s1 consi/+ ( v>i\s processes1--su* 
z p\nd+1 roa/+1 smelt+ 9 contact )      
*>coal1 to r5d] x fusible2 requir+ too1 
additional heat+s & hamm]+s to r5d] x   
malleable1 & a /ill m complicat$ process

 to conv]t x into /eel4 ,yet x 0 9 use1 
z has be5 rem>k$1 9 v remote ages3      
,moses1 9 ,deut]onomy1 makes frequ5t    
m5tion ( x4 ,he speaks ( m9es ( iron1 & 
alludes to furnaces = melt+ x2 & f !    
circum/ance ( swords1 knives1 axes1 &   
tools = cutt+ /one1 con/ruct$ ( t metal1
 be+ m5tion$ by ! same au?ority1 we are 
entitl$ to conclude t ! art ( temp]+ &  
conv]t+ x into /eel 0 also kn[n4 ,! mode
 ( temp]+ x 0 c]ta9ly kn[n to ! ,greeks 
z e>ly z ! days ( ,hom]2 = t poet borr[s
 f ! art "s ( 8 similes4 ,?us 9 !       
,oddyssey3    ,& z1 :5 arm'r]s temp] 9 !
 =d   ,! ke5-edg$ pole-axe1 or ! %9+    
sword1   ,! r$ hot metal hisses 9 !     
lake1   ,s 9 8 eye-ball hiss'd ! plung+ 
/ake4  ,x is by its conv]sion into /eel1
 t we are furni%$ ) a mat]ial ret5tive (
 an edge1 & adapt$ to cutt+ ! h>de/     
sub/ances1 & are enabl$ to fabricate t  
mo/ important class ( implem5ts1        
edge-tools1 all ( :i*1 f ! pond]\s pit  
saw to ! f9e/ lancet1 are =m$ 9 "p ) ?is
 metal4  ,x 0 n1 h[ev]1 until v late 9  

mod]n times1 t we may be said to h      
acquir$ absolute dom9ion ov] ?is        
individual ( ! m9]al k+dom1 s z to be   
able at comm&1 to press x into s]vice1  
:atev] may be its locality1 9 relation  
to ! surface ( ! e>? or its int]ior4 ,=1
 be=e ! improvem5ts made 9 ! /eam-eng9e 
by ! discov]ies ( ,watts1 we 7 limit$ 9 
! p[] ( avail+ ourselves ( ! kn[n       
exi/5ce ( iron1 h[ev] abundant 9 any    
p>ticul> spot1 by ! necessity ( !       
concurr5ce ( a /ream ( wat] 9 ! same    
location ) t ( ! metal1 z a means (     
impell+ ! ma*9]y = produc+ ! bla/       
requisite 9 ! op]ation ( smelt+4 ,s9ce  
^? improvem5ts1 /eam p[] may be employ$ 
:]ev] ! ore & fuel is f\nd 9 suffici5t  
quantities to au?orize ! erection (     
furnaces2 & ! manufacture ( iron has 9  
consequ5ce1 especially 9 ,great ,brita91
 ris5 into great importance4 ,! annual  
produce ( smelt$ ore 9 t k+dom1 is      
e/imat$ n[ to be ab\t sev5 hundr$ ?\s&  
tons4  ,we _c avoid sugge/+ "h1 to !    
own]s & work]s ( coal prop]ty 9         

,virg9ia1 ! propriety ( inve/igat+ !    
/rata ?r\gh :i* !y necess>ily pass 9 _! 
m9+ op]ations1 ) ref]5ce to ! discov]y (
 argillace\s iron-/one1 ) m m9ut5ess ?an
 hi!rto !y h done--if inde$1 7:i* we are
 incl9$ to d\bt17 _! att5tion has be5 9 
any degree direct$ to su* exam9ation4 ,x
 is f ?is species ( iron-/one1          
accompany+ coal-/rata1 t ,great ,brita9 
d]ives at lea/ n9ete5 tw5tie?s ( !      
metals :i* %e possesses 9 su* abundance1
 & to :i*1 9 connection ) its conv5i5t  
location 9 ! imm$iate vic9ity ( ! fuel  
necess>y 9 its r$uction1 %e owes h] t[]+
 em95ce z a manufactur+ c\ntry4 ,! coal 
=mation ( ,virg9ia conta9s ! same clays1
 %ales1 s&/ones & slates1 & ^! are      
*>act]iz$ by ! same vegetable           
impressions t m>k ! s]ies 9 o!r         
c\ntries4 ,& may we n reasonably ask1 :y
 %\ld we ha/ily conclude ?is usual      
concomitant ( ! coal /rata 9 ,engl&1    
,scotl&1 ,france & ,g]many1 to be want+ 
"h2 or r1 :y may n we hope to f9d x     
equally abundant 9 our own coal di/rict4

 ,we are induc$ to urge ?is sugge/ion ! 
m1 f ! circum/ance1 t ?is species ( ore 
pres5ts 9 its ext]nal *>act]s1 s little 
indicative ( its metallic nature or     
*emical composition1 t b = its great]   
weight1 x might well escape ! notice (  
an inexp]i5c$ or unobs]vant eye1 unless 
arre/$ by "s su* hope z we h be5 induc$ 
to hold out4 ,ev5 9 ,engl&1 :]e f its   
great abundance x might h be5 expect$ to
 be g5]ally bett] kn[n1 in/ances h      
occurr$ 9 "s di/ricts1 ( its be+        
wa/efully misappli$1 ?r\gh ignorance1 to
 ! common purpose ( m5d+ ! roads4 ,!    
imm5se b5efits t w\ld result f success  
att5d+ a rese>* direct$ to ?is object1 z
 well to ! city ( ,ri*mond1 z to a few  
=tunate individuals1 are too obvi\s to  
require comm5t4 ,x is suffici5t to      
rem>k1 t x w\ld prove an abundant s\rce 
( individual weal?1 & w\ld1 9 connection
 ) h] o!r great advantages & increas+   
facilities ( transportation1 be ! means 
( elevat+ ! metropolis ( ,virg9ia to an 
exalt$ rank 9 ! class ( l>ge cities1 &  

enable h] to vie 9 importance ) ! pr\de/
 seat ( manufactures1 or ! mo/ ext5sive 
emporium ( comm]ce4  ,x 0 our int5tion1 
z our title ann\nces1 to h pass$ rapidly
 on1 & glanc$ at ! hi/ory1 uses1 &      
national importance ( coal1 & "s ( ! mo/
 valuable ( ! o!r m9]al sub/ances1 z    
well z to h po9t$ out 9 a %ort s]ies (  
rem>ks1 "s ( ! advantages to be d]iv$ f 
! cultivation & pursuit ( m9]alogical & 
geological inquiries 9 connection ) ?is 
subject2 b we h loit]$ on ! way1 & !    
contract+ limits ( our pap] admoni% u to
 ha/5 to a close4 ,we may at ano!r "t1  
if leisure p]mit1 & if on reflection1 we
 deem our endeavors at all likely to    
attract att5tion to subjects :i* h too  
long be5 almo/ univ]sally neglect$1 aga9
 resume1 aft] our own fa%ion1 a subject 
:i* "u bett] managem5t1 c\ld n fail to  
prove int]e/+ z well z in/ructive4      
,,gamma4  ,h5rico1 ,april #bh?1 #ahce4  
,= ! ,s\!rn ,lit]>y ,mess5g]4  ,,lett]s 
,,f ,a ,,si/]4  ,,lett] ,,elev5?4       
,malmaison1 ,tomb ( ! ,ex-,empress      

,joseph9e--,eng9e = ,convey+ ,wat] to   
,v]sailles & ,/4 ,cl\d--,/4 ,g]ma9 en   
,laye--,nant]re--,/4 ,g5evive4   ,,p>is1
 ----4  ,de> ,jane3  ,al?\gh q fatigu$1 
,i _c retire to re/ ere ,i h r5d]$ my   
de> si/] an acc\nt ( to-day's excursion 
to ,/4 ,g]ma9 & to ,malmaison ! favorite
 resid5ce ( ! late ,ex-,empress         
,joseph9e4 ,we took an e>ly breakfa/1 & 
sat (f by t5 o'clock2 ! ,danvilles 9 _! 
c>riage1 accompani$ by ,sigismund1 & we 
9 a remise1 or1 z x is t]m$ 9 ,engl&1 a 
glass coa*4 ,we soon alight$ at         
,malmaison1 x be+ only two leagues f    
,p>is1 & sp5t m ?an an h\r 9 walk+ ov] !
 h\se & gr\nds1 & ?9k+ ( poor ,joseph9e4
 ,a great deal ( ! furniture yet rema9s 
z %e left x2 ev5 h] music books are kept
 z %e arrang$ !m4 ,! room %e occupi$ z  
h] *amb]1 is exce$+ly beautiful4 ,x is  
circul>1 l9$ ) clo? ( crimson & gold1 & 
surr\nd$ by mirrors ins]t$ 9 ! walls &  
doors4 ,! b$ is support$ by gold5 swans1
 & ! cov]lid & curta9s are ( silv] lama4
 ,9 ! libr>y we saw ! writ+ table &     

ink/& ( ,napoleon4 ,! fir/ be>s evid5t  
m>ks ( 8 p5knife2 :i*1 :ile m$itat+1 he 
us$ to /rike into ! wood4 ,! dome/ic :o 
conduct$ u ?r\gh ! ap>tm5ts1 spoke ( !  
,ex-,empress ) great affection2 & s did 
! g>d5]1 a ,we/ ,india negro1 ^: ebony  
visage 0 a novel spectacle to u4 ,!y    
said %e 0 belov$ by all ! h\sehold &    
neighborhood1 = h] affability & k9dness4
 ,! gre5 h\se is fill$ ) gay & *oice    
fl[]s & %rubs2 & x is melan*oly to      
reflect t ^! ! fraile/ productions (    
nature1 h outliv$ _! lovely mi/ress1 &  
/ill blossom & fl\ri% & %$ _! fragrance 
ar\nd1 :ile %e1 l a %ad[ has pass$ away6
 ,aft] foll[+ a:ile ! w9d+s ( a /ream t 
me&]s ?r\gh ! g>d51 we f\nd ourselves at
 ! ?re%old ( a pretty little temple     
d$icat$ to ,cupid4 ,! mis*iev\s ur*9    
himself1 tread+ ^u roses1 is plac$ 9 !  
c5tre1 & on ! p$e/al b5ea? him1 ?is     
v9dictive c\plet is inscrib$3    ,il    
l'e/1 le fut1 ou le doit tre1   ,qui que
 ce soit1 voici ton ,maitre4  ,we quitt$
 ! %ades ( ,malmaison ) regret1 &       

proce$$ to ! neighbor+ village ( ,ruelle
 to visit ! tomb ( ,joseph9e 9 ! *ur*   
!re1 :]e h] a%es repose4 ,! monum5t is (
 :ite m>ble1 & 0 erect$ to h] memory by 
,eug5e ,beauh>nais1 h] son4 ,on its     
summit %e is repres5t$ clad 9 a fold+   
robe ) a diadem on h] head1 & kneel+    
be=e an op5 brevi>y4 ,x is a h&some     
tribute ( filial love4  ,ne> ,ruelle is 
a *ateau t once belong$ to ,c>d9al      
,ri*elieu1 & s9ce !n to ,m>%al ,mass5a1 
^: wid[ /ill inhabits x4#a ,be+ in=m$ t 
! family 7 abs5t & t x 0 cu/om>y =      
/rang]s to visit ?is soj\rn ( ^?        
di/+ui%$ m51 we drove !re2 &1 alight+ f 
our c>riages1 7 dem&+ p]mission ( a     
p]son 9 ! y>d to see ! mansion & its    
gr\nds1 :5 a lady sudd5ly made h]       
appe>ance1 & we _h ! mortification to   
f9d t we 7 intrud+ on ! privacy (       
,madame ,mass5a h]self4 ,we imm$iately  
expla9$ our mi/ake1 & w\ld h come away b
 %e insi/$ on our ent]+1 & 0 s polite t 
we c\ld n refuse4 ,! *ateau is v pla91 &
 furni%$ ) correspond+ simplicity4 ,9   

front ( x is a limpid %eet ( wat]1 &    
beh9d x a pleasant g>d51 :]e we w&]$    
a:ile & !n took leave1 gratifi$ ) our   
adv5ture1 awkw>d z x 0 at ! comm5cem5t4 
,footnote #a3 ,?is lady is s9ce dead4   
,%e di$ soon aft]w>ds4  ,retrac+ our    
/eps a %ort di/ance1 we cont9u$ our ride
 to ,sa9t ,g]ma9 en ,laye1 & obs]v$ on  
our left a /up5d\s /eam eng9e :i*1 on   
inquiry1 we f\nd is us$ = supply+ !     
f\nta9s ( ,v]sailles & ,sa9t ,cl\d )    
wat] f ! ,se9e1 & has succe$$ ! fam\s   
ma*9e ( ,m>ly4 ,?is ma*9e _h become s   
decay$ 9 "s p>ts be=e its removal1 t x  
occasion$ ! dea? ( sev]al p]sons :o 7   
exam9+ its con/ruction--& he$lessly     
/epp$ on an old bo>d1 :i* giv+ way !y 7 
precipitat$ into ! riv] & dr[n$1 or     
cru%$ to dea? by ! :eels4 ,sa9t ,g]ma9  
en ,laye d]ives its "n f ! ext5sive =e/ 
adjo9+ x1 :i* is consid]$ ! f9e/ 9      
,france1 & has ev] be5 ! favorite hunt+ 
gr\nd ( ! ,fr5* mon>*s4 ,:ile p>tak+ ( !
 pleasures ( ! *ase !y inhabit$ !       
spaci\s palace1 t /ill exi/s & is at    

pres5t a b>racks = soldi]s4 ,t abject k+
 ,james ! ,second1 resid$ 9 x twelve    
ye>s1 support$ by ! munific5ce ( ,l\is  
le gr&1 & f9ally clos$ 8 e>?ly c>e] 9   
?is noble retreat4 ,he 0 buri$ 9 !      
adjo9+ *ur*1 & 8 he>t is en%r9$ 9 a     
paltry look+ alt>1 be=e :i* a lamp is   
con/antly burn+1 & ^u :i* is an         
inscription in=m+ ! read] :y x 0 erect$4
 ,b :at r5d]s ! palace at ,sa9t ,g]ma9  
peculi>ly int]e/+1 is its hav+ be5 !    
resid5ce ( ! ,du*ess de la ,vallire2 & 9
 ! ceil+ ( "o ( ! rooms appropriat$ to  
h] use !re is a trap door1 ?r\gh :i* x  
is suppos$ h] enamor$ sov]eign desc5d$  
:5 he visit$ h] cl&e/9ely4 ,on ! left ( 
! ca/le is a t]race "o mile 9 l5g?1 &   
bord]+ an acclivity t ov]hangs ! ,se9e1 
& is highly cultivat$ 9 v9ey>ds & fruit 
trees4 ,?is t]race is mu* frequ5t$ by   
p]sons :o resort !re1 = ! purpose (     
enjoy+ fre% air & a f9e prospect4 ,"s g 
9 c>riages1 b ! usual mode ( conveyance 
is by a donkey1 & ?is we *ose4 ,! /reets
 ( ! t[n are wide & ! h\ses g5]ally     

l>ge2 :i* might be expect$1 z c\rt      
fe/ivities 7 s (t5 held "h2 & n[-a-days1
 _m ( ! ,p>isian g5try pass ! summ]     
mon?s "h4  ,we f9i%$ ! day by d9+ at a  
neat aub]ge1 7inn7 ) a g>d5 teem+ )     
fl[]s j 9 front ( our p>lor4 ,return+   
home we pass$ ?r\gh ! village (         
,nant]re1 7! bir?place ( ,/4 ,g5evive7 &
 /opp$ an in/ant to buy "s ( ! cakes =  
:i* x is r5[n$2 !y are m]ely buns1 & we 
did n ?9k !m des]v+ ( _! fame4 ,nant]re 
be] & ,nant]re sausages are also held 9 
great e/imation1 b ( ^! we did n ta/e1  
be+ q satisfi$ ) our trial ( ! cakes4 ,i
 imag9e y "k ! hi/ory ( ,/4 ,g5evive2   
?\gh le/ y %\ld n1 ,i w tell y 9 a few  
words t %e 0 a %eph]dess1 ^: virtues &  
piety caus$ h] to be canoniz$ aft] h]   
dea?1 & made ! patron sa9t ( ,p>is4 ,!re
 is a lovely picture ( h] at ! ,l\vre1  
by ,pi]re ,gu]91 repres5t+ h] turn+ a   
sp9dle :ile gu>d+ h] flock4 ,good night4
  ,,leont9e4         99       99        
99       99       99  ,,lett] ,,twelf?4 
,lafayette & 8 ,family--,svres          

,manufactory--,palace ( ,/4             
,cl\d--,madame de                       
,g5lis--,savoy>ds--,ballet ( ,m>s &     
,v5us4   ,p>is1 -----4  ,de> ,jane3--   
,we h =m$ acqua9tance ) "s delightful   
*>act]s s9ce ,i wrote to y a few days   
s9ce4 ,we h be5 introduc$ to ! good &   
brave ,g5]al ,lafayette & 8 family6 ,on 
,w$nesday he came ) 8 son1 ,mr4 ,george 
,lafayette1 to see ,mr4 ,danville1 & !  
latt] pres5t$ u to !m4 ,! pr9t y h se5 (
 ?is di/+ui%$ patri>*1 is a correct     
lik5ess2 & 8 mann]s are z b5evol5t z 8  
c\nt5ance4 ,he has a soire on e         
,w$nesday night1 & we h gladly accept$ !
 k9d & press+ invitation he gave ea* ( u
 to att5d !m4 ,! ladies ( ! family1     
consi/+ ( 8 daught]s1 8 gr&-daught]s1 & 
daught]-9-law ,madame ,g4 ,lafayette1 h 
also call$1 & we f9d !m v amiable &     
pleas+4 ,we h likewise _h an            
introduction to ,madame de ,g5lis1 = :i*
 we are indebt$ to ,mrs4 ,danville2 :o1 
rightly conjectur+ x w\ld be gratify+ to
 u to "k ?is celebrat$ lady1 & be+ well 

acqua9t$ ) h]1 reque/$ h] p]mission to  
pres5t u to h]4 ,?is 0 readily grant$1 &
 ?is morn+ appo9t$ = ! visit4           
,accord+ly1 aft] an e>ly ride to !      
,svres manufactory ( porcela9 & ! palace
 ( ,sa9t ,cl\d1 ! mo/ spl5did ( all !   
k+'s habitations1 we repair$ to h]      
resid5ce4 ,on arriv+ we 7 conduct$ up   
/airs by a tidy look+ femme de *ambre & 
u%]$ ?r\gh a small b$-room1 pla9ly      
furni%$1 into an ap>tm5t t1 f ! v>iety (
 its cont5ts1 might be comp>$ to ,noah's
 ark4 ,besides ! usual app5dages ( a    
p>lor1 x conta9$ a piano1 a h>p1 a      
guit>1 a fold+ scre51 & sev]al tables   
load$ ) books1 pap]s1 baskets & boxes1  
c4 ,we f\nd ! v5]able au?oress seat$ 9  
an arm *air1 ne> ! w9d[4 ,h] regul> &   
delicate features & fair sk91 /ill      
indicate =m] beauty4 ,h] nose is        
aquil9e1 & h] eyes cle> blue2 z !y are  
weak1 %e is oblig$ to we> a gre5 %ade to
 protect !m f ! light1 b has nev] yet   
f\nd x necess>y to use spectacles3 ?is  
is a/oni%+1 = %e w be eighty-two on !   

#be? ( next ,janu>y6 ,%e wore a black   
silk g[n1 & a simple musl9 cap2 & :5    
,mrs4 ,danville introduc$ u %e (f]$ h]  
h& to ea*1 & z soon z we 7 seat$ ent]$  
into conv]sation ) a degree ( vivacity t
 q surpris$ u2 we 7 /ill m s1 at h]     
vanity4 ,%e talk$ a great deal ab\t h]  
own works1 & 9 _! praise6 ,we ask$ h] if
 %e cont9u$ to play on ! h>p4 ,oh oui6  
trs bi56 %e repli$4 ,& on ! piano & !   
guit>1 ,madame8 ,oh1 oui1 t\t1 t\t1 trs 
bi56 ,%e told u %e (t5 practis$ on ! h>p
 & compos$ 9 prose at ! same "t2 & t    
:ile recit+ v]ses al\d 9 a di/9ct voice 
& ) /rict att5tion to punctuation &     
emphasis1 %e c\ld read a page f any     
au?or & !n rec\nt to y 9 regul>         
rotation1 e idea !re9 express$2 & ?is   
prov$1 %e said1 t ! m9d is capable ( two
 op]ations at once4 ,papa obs]v$ t      
,*>les ! ,twelf? ( ,sw$51 prov$ x a     
c5tury ago1 :5 he play$ *ess :ile       
dictat+ lett]s to diff]5t p]sons4 ,%e   
did n notice ?is rem>k1 b proce$$ to    
extol a novel %e wrote "s ye>s s9ce1    

entitl$ ,alfr$ ! ,great4 ,%e consid]s x 
"o ( h] be/ productions1 & gave x to a  
physician :o att5d$ h] dur+ a dang]\s   
illness & decl9$ be+ paid = 8 s]vices4  
,%e said %e ?\ght %e c\ld n complim5t   
him m1 ?an by mak+ him a pres5t ( h] "w2
 t he seem$ delight$ ) x1 & decl>$ he   
w\ld h x publi%$ imm$iately1 b t mu* to 
h] regret he _h n kept 8 promise4 ,alfr$
 is h] favorite h]o1 & %e express$ h]   
wond] t he is n (t5 made ! subject ( a  
romance4 ,%e in=m$ u t %e always retires
 to b$ at half pa/ t5 o'clock & rises at
 sev51 & is c>eful to eat v mod]ately4  
,h] faculties cont9ue p]fect1 & %e kn[s 
fifty-two trades2 su* z sew+1 knitt+1   
sp9n+1 embroid]+1 mak+ baskets1 weav+   
purses1 c4 c4 ,we saw on ! *imney-piece 
a snuff box t ,mademoiselle d',orleans1 
h] ci-devant pupil1 _h s5t to h]4 ,on ! 
lid %e _h pa9t$ a h>p entw9$ ) a g>l& ( 
fl[]s1 & bel[ x ?is s5t5ce 0 writt53    
,c'e/ votre ouvrage4 ,hav+ sat ) h] two 
h\rs we took leave1 & _h quitt$ ! room1 
:5 %e call$ u back to %[ u ) :at ease %e

 c\ld rise f h] *air )\t re/+ h] h&s on 
! arms ( x to aid h]self1 z old p are   
commonly oblig$ to d4 ,%e has invit$ u  
to call on h] :5ev] we c1 & 0 s polite z
 to say %e felt q flatt]$ by our visit4 
,on rea*+ home we f\nd ,mr4 ,danville & 
,leonora mu* div]t$ at ! exploit ( a    
monkey t _h climb$ 9 at ! w9d[1 & ere !y
 p]ceiv$ x1 twit*$ f ,leonora's h& a    
bun* ( rais9s %e 0 eat+4 ,x 0 ! prop]ty 
( a little ,savoy>d1 :o _h taught x a   
v>iety ( tricks 9 ord] to ga9 a few s\s 
by _! exhibition4 ,! ,b\lev>d ab\nds )  
^! little w&]]s1 & _! m>mosets4  ,?is   
ev5+ we are go+ to a fte at ! ,tivoli   
,g>d52 ! ,new ,tivoli z x is call$2 !   
old "o 7:i* ,i am told 0 f> h&som]7 has 
be5 conv]t$ into gr\nd = build+4 ,we h  
se5 ! ,ballet ( ,m>s & ,v5us1 at ! gr&  
op]a2 no?+ c be m beautiful & spl5did   
?an x is6 ,leav+ x = y\r imag9ation to  
fancy1 ,i subscribe myself y\r          
affectionate  ,,leont9e4         99     
99       99       99       99  ,,lett]  
,,?irte5?4  ,fte at ,tivoli--,!         

,catacombs--,cemet]y (                  
,montm>tre--,abattoirs--,lady           
,morgan--,mrs4 ,opie--,a ,quak] ,meet+4 
,p>is1 ----4  ,de> ,jane3  ,we 7 mu*    
ent]ta9$ at ,tivoli4 ,! g>d5 0 brightly 
illum9at$1 & all sorts ( amusem5ts w5t  
on2 & :at a v>iety ( ^! ! ,fr5* h1 & )  
:at ze/ !y p>take ( !m6 ,we did our "p v
 well too4 ,we swung1 we rode on wood5  
horses1 we sail$ 9 %ips1 look$ at a     
cosmorama1 witness$ a phantasmagoria1   
rope danc+ & fire works1 a play p]=m$ by
 puppets1 & "s metamorphoses ( little   
pa/e bo>d figures1 t 7 q wond]ful2 =    
in/ance3--a t9y lion 0 *ang$1 z if by   
magic1 into a cupid driv+ a c> drawn by 
swans1 a "y lady into a basket ( fl[]s1 
a butt]fly into a beau1 c4 c4 ,^!       
transfigurations1 ,i ?9k1 mu/ be produc$
 9 ! foll[+ mann]3 ,two diff]5t objects 
are pa9t$ on a bit ( pa/ebo>d1 "o on !  
back & ! o!r on ! front ( x2 ! pa/ebo>d 
is !n fold$ into ! %ape ( "o ( !m1 &    
?reads1 too f9e to be visible at a      
mod]ate di/ance1 atta*$ to x2 aft]      

exhibit+ ! fir/ figure a suffici5t "t1 !
 ?reads are pull$ & ! pa/ebo>d adroitly 
turn$ r\nd & ?r[n op51 ?us display+ !   
second figure1 to ! =m ( :i* its edges  
are trimm$4 ,z no p]son 0 visible1 !    
?reads 7 und\bt$ly pass$ ?r\gh ! sc5es (
 ! m9iature /age into ! h& ( ! skilful  
op]ator1--= skilful he or %e 0 :o       
conduct$ ! bus9ess4 ,:5 tir$ ( /roll+ we
 ent]$ a f9e caf1 situat$ 9 ! c5tre ( ! 
g>d51 & refre%$ ourselves ) ice creams2 
aft]w>ds1 attract$ by ! s\nd ( music1 we
 repair$ to an op5 space1 :]e an or*e/ra
 0 erect$ & a b& ( musicians 7 play+    
quadrilles = a p>ty ( beaux & belles1 :o
 danc$ away m]rily1 n on ! turf b 9 !   
s&2 !y 71 h[ev]1 s inspir$ by ! tones ( 
viol9s & cl>ionets1 t !y mov$ along z if
 on a bo>d floor4  ,y w wond]1 p]haps1  
h[ we sail$ 9 %ips )\t ! aid ( w9d or   
tide6 ,i w tell y4 ,two poles1 ) a      
little %ip susp5d$ by a rope f ea* end1 
7 plac$ crosswise on a pivot1 & turn$ z 
rapidly z y *ose1 c>ry+ y r\nd & r\nd 9 
! air1 ) an undulat+ motion1 n dissimil>

 to t ( a vessel at sea1 & s unpleasant 
to our feel+s t we soon disemb>k$4 ,?is 
div]sion is t]m$ les ,espagnolettes4 ,! 
wood5 horses are arrang$ 9 l mann]1     
except t !y are firmly fix$ on ! ends ( 
! poles1 & consequ5tly1 9 rid+ on !m y d
 n exp]i5ce ! sick5+1 wav+ motion4 ,!   
ma*9e = sw++1 is d5om9at$ a ,balancoir4 
,?is also consi/s ( a c\ple ( beams     
plac$ a?w>t ea* o!r1 ) *airs atta*$ to  
_! ends1 :i* are ?r[n alt]nately up &   
d[n4 ,sev]al p>ties1 z !y glid$ r\nd on 
! wood5 horses1 amus$ !mselves by try+  
to pass a /ick ?r\gh a l>ge r+ :i* 0    
held t[>ds !m by a woman m\nt$ on a b5*4
 ,:5ev] a r+ 0 caught & borne (f1 x 0   
in/antly replac$ by ano!r1 until "o ( ! 
competitors _h obta9$ five & ?us won !  
game4 ,i mu/ n[ *ange my !me & in=m y ( 
our disappo9tm5t z respects see+ !      
catacombs4 ,!y are clos$ at pres5t by   
ord] ( ! gov]nm5t--,i believe on acc\nt 
( ! dang] !re is 9 visit+ !m4 ,we h be5 
to ! cemet]y ( ,montm>tre1 or ,field (  
,repose1 z x is likewise /yl$4 ,x is (  

mu* old] date ?an ,pre la ,*aise1 b n s 
ext5sive1 nor does x conta9 su* h&some  
monum5ts2 !re are h[ev] "s %ady1        
melan*oly dells & moss cov]$ tombs1 t   
r5d] x peculi>ly int]e/+4 ,ve/ris !     
celebrat$ danc] & ,v ! *ief (           
,re/aurateurs1 are buri$ !re4 ,f !      
cemet]y we proce$$ to ! ,abattoir1 or   
,slaught]-h\se ( ,montm>tre2 an         
e/abli%m5t ( ?is k9d is erect$ 9 e      
dep>tm5t ( ! city4 ,)9 !m ! but*]s      
ex]cise _! sangu9>y functions1 & !      
exp5se ( !m is defray$ by taxes on !    
animals t are kill$4 ,!y are kept 9 !   
neate/ ord] & compos$ ( num]\s build+s1 
ea* ( :i* is appropriat$ to a p>ticul>  
bran* ( ! bus9ess4 ,9 "o ! poor animals 
are knock$ 9 ! head2 & !re is a         
receptacle = ! blood1 :i* trickles into 
x ?r\gh furr[s made 9 ! floor3 9 a      
second ! c>case is sk9n$3 9 a ?ird      
qu>t]$3 9 a f\r? ! entrails are sep>at$ 
& cleans$3 9 a fif? ! fat is boil$ 9 an 
imm5se kettle4 ,!re are besides spaci\s 
tables1 :]e ! unconsci\s victims are    

%elt]$ & amply suppli$ ) food & /raw1   
:ile await+ _! fate4 ,x made me q sad to
 behold !m eat+ & repos+ s calmly1 & !n 
to ?9k ( _! bloody de/9y6 ,! ,abattoirs 
are lib]ally wat]$ & (t5 wa%$1 & !re=e  
no disagreeable od\r is p]ceptible ab\t 
!m4 ,i wi% our but*]s w\ld foll[ !      
example ( _! ,fr5* bre?r5 z reg>ds ^!   
places6  ,we _h ! gratification ( meet+ 
) ,lady ,morgan la/ night at ,madame    
,b----'s4 ,mamma _h a great deal (      
conv]sation ) h] & f\nd h] extremely    
affable & agreeable4 ,y "k we 7 told %e 
0 ugly--we d n ?9k h] s1 b %e c]ta9ly   
dresses too girli%ly1 r\ges too highly &
 seems too desir\s ( admiration4 ,?is _c
 be said ( ,mrs4 ,opie1 to :om we 7 also
 introduc$4 ,%e 0 z pla9 9 h] attire z a
 d>k grey silk g[n & a :ite musl9 k]*ief
 & cap c\ld make h]4 ,9 h] mann]s %e is 
unaffect$1 9 h] conv]sation animat$ &   
intellig5t4 ,h] c\nt5ance is op5 &      
expressive ( h] lively m9d4 ,! mom5t we 
beheld h] we recogniz$ h] z a lady we _h
 se5 at a quak] meet+ :i* we att5d$ f   

motives ( curiosity on ,sunday4 ,a quak]
 meet+ 9 ,p>is6 y w exclaim4 ,ev5 s my  
de>1 = :at is !re on ! face ( ! e>? 7t  
dep5ds n on soil or climate7 :i* may n  
be f\nd 9 ?is bu/l+ capital8 ,! meet+ 0 
held 9 a h\se 9 ! ,*amps ,elyses1       
belong+ to a quak] family ) :om ,mr4 ,d4
 0 acqua9t$1 & :o gave him a *e]ful     
p]mission to br+ ) him :5ev] he wi%$ x1 
any fri5ds desir\s ( go+ !re4 ,we 7 %ewn
 into a neat p>lor1 :]e ab\t tw5ty      
p]sons 7 sitt+ 9 solemn sil5ce1 & =     
ne>ly an h\r n a s\nd 0 he>d1 save !    
occasional sneezes ( an old lady :o _h a
 viol5t cold 9 h] head4 ,at l5g? h[ev] !
 _s mov$ a d>k ey$ g5tleman & he gave u 
a tol]able s]mon4 ,i conclude ) love f  
all ( u to y\rself1 aunt ,m4 & ,alb]t1 &
 to our relations & fri5ds 9 ! vic9ity (
 ,morv5 ,lodge4 ,i h n always room =    
affectionate messages1 or be assur$ !y  
w\ld always be ins]t$4  ,,leont9e4      
99       99       99       99       99  
,,lett] ,,f\rte5?4  ,soire at ,g5]al    
,lafayette's--,b5jam9 ,con/ant--,messrs4

 ,p]ri]1 ,laffitte & ,t]naux1           
c4--,cons]vatory ( ,arts &              
,trades--,diorama--,georama--,neorama--,
royal ,pr9t+ ,(fice--,manufactory (     
,plate ,glass--,hospital ( ! ,qu9ze     
,v+ts--,ca/le ( ,v9c5nes--,f\nta9 ( !   
,elephant--,franconi's ,circus--,!      
,du*ess ( ,b]ri's *ildr54   ,,p>is1     
----4  ,de> ,jane3  ,ano!r busy week (  
pleasure & amusem5t has glid$ by s9ce y 
h he>d f u1 & two ev5+s ( x h be5 sp5t  
at two delightful soires4 ,! fir/ at    
,madame de ,n----'s1 ! second at !      
gallant old ,g5]al ,lafayette's1 9 ! rue
 d',anj\2 :]e he has a suite ( small &  
neat ap>tm5ts illum9at$ = ! reception ( 
8 expect$ gue/s on e ,tuesday ev5+4 ,we 
made our debut !re ab\t #i o'clock &    
f\nd !m cr[d$4 ,among ! ?rong 7 _m      
celebrat$ & int]e/+ p]sonages1 = ! wor?y
 & enlight5$ ( all nations seem ev]     
ready to d homage to ! virtu\s patri>* (
 ,lagrange4 ,at 8 soires ! greate/ ease 
prevails--! refre%m5ts are simple &     
pl5tiful1 & 9 complim5t to ! ,am]icans &

 ,engli%1 tea is always s]v$1 a cu/om n 
practis$ among ! ,fr5*4 ,we aga9 saw    
,sir ,*>les & ,lady ,morgan & ,mrs4     
,opie1 ) :om by ! bye we h ex*ang$      
visits4 ,!n !re 0 ! orator ,b5jam9      
,con/ant1 a pale1 ?9 man1 ) light blue  
eyes & sn[y hair1 look+ z if he 7 f> on 
8 passage to ! next _w4 ,he 0 environ$  
by a cr[d ( g5tlem51 to :om he 0 speak+ 
v e>ne/ly ) a great deal ( ge/ure4 ,n f>
 f him we obs]v$ o!r />s ( ! ,*amb] (   
,deputies1 & ^! 7 ,messieurs ,casimir   
,p]ri]1 ,laffitte & ,t]naux1 ^:         
c\nt5ances bespeak _! noble m9ds4       
,monsieur ,t]naux has introduc$ "h &    
c>ries on ! manufacture ( ca%m]e %awls1 
& !y n only equal ^? ( ,india 9 t9ts &  
texture1 b surpass !m 9 ! beauty &      
ri*ness ( ! bord]s4 ,to him also is     
attribut$ ! discov]y ( ! art ( /amp+    
patt]ns 9 relief on clo? table cov]s1 c4
 ,9 ! next room1 we saw ,mr4 ,coop]1 !  
,am]ican noveli/1 & 8 lady--! two ,miss 
,p----'s1 c\s9s ( ,"l ,byron & ,mr4 &   
,mrs4 ----4 ,%e is ! daught] ( ,g54     

,b]tr&1 & a beautiful creature %e is4 ,!
 lovely c\ntess d',a---- 0 sitt+ ne> h]4
 ,%e is ! si/] ( ,madame ,george        
,lafayette1 & is an intellig5t &        
fasc9at+ woman4 ,%e call$ "h ye/]day )  
,madame ,la/eyrie & h] daught]s4  ,x is 
n[ "t to speak ( "s ( ! curiosities (   
,p>is to :i* we h rec5tly be5 devot+ our
 morn+s4 ,i believe ! cons]vatory ( arts
 & trades /&s fir/ on ! li/4 ,x is also 
t]m$ ! museum ( indu/ry1 & is a         
collection ( all sorts ( ma*9es &       
models1 patt]ns & specim5s ( ?+s t ,fr5*
 g5ius & labor h produc$2 = ! gov]nm5t  
obliges e ,fr5*man to deposit "h a      
sample or model ( :atev] he improves or 
inv5ts1 & to accompany x ) an acc\nt (  
its manufacture or con/ruction4 ,besides
 sev]al halls exhibit+ ma*9es & models1 
!re are o!rs fill$ ) specim5s (         
porcela91 glass1 /one w>e1 lace1 silks1 
ribbons1 tape/ry1 color$ & /amp$ pap]1  
scissors1 knives1 fans1 wat*es1 clocks1 
lamps & a ?\s& o!r articles4 ,"o ( !    
halls conta9s a numb] ( m9iature        

build+s1 repres5t+ sundry manufactories4
 ,!y are op5 9 front1 & display 9       
diff]5t ap>tm5ts ! v>i\s processes ( ea*
 bus9ess & ! implem5ts requir$ 9 x1 n   
omitt+ ! mo/ trifl+ tool4 ,ano!r hall   
conta9s a libr>y ( #aj1jjj volumes1     
writt5 9 almo/ e language1 & treat+ on  
subjects connect$ ) ! purport ( !       
e/abli%m5t--& pr(essors ( geometry &    
natural philosophy give lectures !re to 
su* pupils z are recomm5d$ by ! m9i/] ( 
! int]ior4 ,w\ld x n be %ameful if !    
,fr5* nation did n rapidly progress 9 ! 
arts & sci5ces1 :5 ! gov]nm5t is s      
lib]al 9 enc\rag+ !m1 by af=d+ ^? p]sons
 :o possess tal5ts e advantage          
gratuit\sly1 s t ! poor may rise z well 
z ! ri*1 if bless$ ) abilities8 ,among !
 patt]ns ( tape/ry is "o conc]n+ :i* a  
droll /ory is relat$1 viz4 t ,vaucanson1
 a skilful me*anic1 be+ (f5d$ ) !       
inhabitants ( ,lyons = und]valu+ "s     
looms he _h inv5t$1 ti$ an ass to "o (  
!m & made him execute ! piece (         
embroid]y f :i* ?is specim5 0 cut1 & :i*

 excell$ any !y _h ev] done4  ,we h also
 visit$ ! ,diorama1 ! ,georama & !      
,neorama1 ! royal pr9t+ (fice1 !        
manufactory ( plate glass & ! hospital (
 ! ,qu9ze ,v+ts4 ,a diorama y h se54 ,a 
georama is a panoramic repres5tation ( !
 e>? ) its divisions ( l& & wat]2 !     
spectator /&+ 9 ! c5tre4 ,a neorama is a
 pa9t+ s +5i\sly design$ & arrang$1 z to
 produce ! illusion ( y\r be+ )9 :atev] 
build+ x repres5ts4 ,! "o we saw is a   
picture ( ! int]ior ( ,/4 ,pet]'s at    
,rome1 & ,mr4 ,dorval :o has be5 !re    
says x is an exact copy4 ,! royal pr9t+ 
(fice is an e/abli%m5t ( great          
magnitude4 ,!re is a va/ collection (   
types & sev]al hundr$ presses4 ,we 7    
in=m$ t ,pope ,pius ,,vii visit$ ?is    
(fice dur+ 8 soj\rn 9 ,p>is1 & t :ile he
 0 !re ! ,"l's pray] 0 pr9t$ 9 no less  
?an #aej languages & pres5t$ to him4 ,at
 ! plate glass manufactory we beheld    
mirrors ( wond]ful magnitude4 ,! plates 
are ca/ at ,*]b\rg & at ,/4 ,gob91 7a   
ca/le 9 ! dep>tm5t ( ,aisne7 & s5t "h to

 be quick-silv]$ & poli%$4 ,eight hundr$
 workm5 are con/antly employ$ 9 !       
bus9ess4 ,! ,fr5* are indebt$ to ! great
 ,colb]t = ?is e/abli%m5t2 prior to its 
f\ndation plate glass c\ld only be _h by
 s5d+ = x to ,v5ice4 ,hav+ satisfi$ our 
curiosity "h1 we proce$$ to ! hospital (
 ! ,qu9ze ,v+ts1 f\nd$ by ,/4 ,l\is 9   
#abbj = ! ma9t5ance ( #cjj bl9d--a l>g] 
numb] is n[ admitt$4 ,x 0 cu/om>y 9 !   
age ( ,/4 ,l\is to c\nt by tw5ties1 &   
!re be+ #ae tw5ties 9 #cjj ?is          
in/itution d]iv$ its appellation f hav+ 
t numb] ( p5sion]s4 ,we 7 pleas$ ) !    
neatness & com=t t reign$1 & arriv$ !re 
j 9 "t to he> a class ( ! bl9d s+ &     
play2 = ^? :o ev9ce a tal5t = music are 
in/ruct$ 9 x4 ,! wom5 7 ! vocali/s & !  
m5 p]=m$ on v>i\s in/rum5ts4 ,ev5 !     
lead] 0 sightless6 ,!y kept "t v well & 
we enjoy$ _! conc]t exce$+ly1 ?\gh !    
di/ort$ faces "s made :ile s++ 7        
horrible4 ,!y are taught a v>iety (     
trades1 & n only read+ b ! art ( pr9t+1 
& we saw a man arrange ! types & pr9t   

sev]al words ) bo? skill & quickness4 ,!
 types 7 extremely l>ge & made ( wood1 &
 no ink 0 us$ 9 ! op]ation1 b ! lett]s  
press$ on ! pap]1 s z to leave ! traces 
( !m p]ceptible to ! slighte/ t\*4  ,on 
,w$nesday we w5t to ! ca/le ( ,v9c5nes1 
a go?ic =tress1 ab\t ?ree miles f !     
city4 ,x conta9s ! /ate prisons & an    
armory4 ,a note to ! comm&ant1 f ,mr4   
,w>d51 ! ,am]ican ,ex-,consul & a k9d   
fri5d ( ! ,danvilles1 ga9$ u admission1 
& we sp5t two h\rs 9 exam9+ ! ca/le )9  
^: gloomy turrets1 nobles & mon>*s h    
sigh$ 9 captivity4 ,! celebrat$         
,mirabeau 0 a prison] !re dur+ f\r ye>s1
 & !re wrote 8 lett]s betwe5 ,gabriel & 
,sophie4 ,! duke d',enghi5 0 %ot 9 a    
moat ( ?is ca/le--! spot :]e ! execution
 took place is designat$ by a will[ tree
 & a black column1 be>+ ?is inscription1
 ,"h he fell4 ,9 ! *apel is a h&some    
mausoleum enclos+ 8 a%es4 ,return+ f    
,v9c5nes we /opp$ on ! ,place de la     
,ba/ille 7once occupi$ by t t]rific     
build+7 to view ! model ( ! f\nta9 ( !  

,elephant4 ,x is ( pla/]1 & #gb feet    
high6 ,a t[] on ! animal's back is to   
s]ve z a res]voir = ! wat] :i* is to fl[
 f ! proboscis1 & "o ( ! legs is to     
conta9 ! /air case lead+ to ! t[]4 ,!   
:ole mass is to be ( bronze1 b x is     
d\btful if ?is gr& f\nta9 w ev] be made2
 x 0 "o ( ,napoleon's gigantic designs1 
:i* adv]sity & dea? prev5t$ 8           
accompli%+4 ,la/ night we witness$ !    
wond] ( an ,elephant act+ a "p 9 a play 
at ! ,cirque ,olympique1 a !atre ( !    
same description z t ( ,a/ley's 9       
,london4 ,! h\se 0 cr[d$ almo/ to       
suffocation1 & ! docile & a/oni%+       
creature excit$ univ]sal admiration by  
h] p]=mance4 ,%e is call$ ,mam'selle    
,dyjeck1 is a native ( ! isl& ( ,ceylon1
 & 0 pur*as$ f "s ,indian juggl]s by    
,monsieur ,huguet h] pres5t own]4 ,%e is
 s atta*$ to him t %e %ews evid5t       
di/ress if he is long abs5t f h]1 &     
extreme delight :5 he returns4 ,if he be
 fatigu$ or indispos$1 x is said t %e   
ev5 undresses him1 puts him to b$ &     

wat*es by him :ile he re/s4 ,travell]s  
,i "k are expect$ to exagg]ate1 b ,i    
assure y ,i am n avail+ myself ( !      
privilege 9 ! pres5t in/ance4 ,! play 0 
entitl$ l',elephant du roi de ,siam1 & 0
 writt5 expressly to exhibit ! address &
 sagacity ( ,m'lle ,dyjeck1 :o really   
act$ ?r\gh\t z if %e 7 a human be+4 ,at 
! close ( ! p]=mance ! audi5ce vocif]at$
 = h] re-appe>ance1 & aft] a few mom5ts 
elaps$ ! curta9 0 rais$ & ! royal lady  
came =? pr\dly toss+ h] trunk4 ,%e      
advanc$ to ! edge ( ! /age & made ?ree  
c\rtesies1 retreat+ all ! :ile1 & look+ 
r\nd on ! spectators z %e rose1 until %e
 _h suffici5tly rec$$1 %e walk$ (f amid/
 a ro> ( applause4 ,x 0 q an inspir+    
sc5e4 ,! ,du*ess ( ,b]ri & h] suite 7   
pres5t4  ,apropos--,madame ,f4 lately   
gave u a mo/ int]e/+ acc\nt ( h]        
,highness' *ildr51 ! little ,duke (     
,bordeaux & ,m'lle ,l\ise4 ,%e says !y  
are bo? rem>kably amiable & le petit    
,duc holds a levee daily1 is dress$ en  
militaire & assumes all ! airs ( a gr[n 

g5tleman4 ,he is s pr\d ( 8 sword1 t !  
sev]e/ p5alty 8 tutor c inflict1 :5 he  
misbehaves1 is to deprive him ( x4 ,he  
is a pretty boy--we h (t5 met him tak+  
an air+ 9 8 coa* & f\r1 surr\nd$ by g5s 
d'armes1 = ! ,b\rbons are s unpopul> t =
 fe> ( 8 %>+ ! fate ( 8 fa!r1 he is     
always /rongly gu>d$ :5ev] he appe>s 9  
public4 ,he pays de>ly = 8 l9eage1 poor 
little fell[6 & ,i nev] see him )\t ?9k+
 sorr[fully ( ! probability ( 8 p]i%+ by
 ! ru?less h& ( an assass94 ,b m]cy6 :at
 a packet4 ,h pati5ce de>e/6 ) y\r      
,,leont9e4       ,= ! ,s\!rn ,lit]>y    
,mess5g]4  ,,l9es  ,9 recollection (    
,?omas ,h4 ,:ite1 :o di$ at ,ri*mond1   
,va4 ,octob] #g1 #ahcb1 ag$ #ai ye>s4   
,0 x a dream8 ,x has pass'd away   ,z   
vani% dreams at ! ris+ day1--   ,t      
graceful =m1 f ! ,saco's side1   ,t lov$
 ! leap ( its da%+ tide1   ,& wat*$ full
 long1 9 ! mild ,moon's ray1   ,! ra9b[ 
t9ts ( ! ris+ spray4    ,fair 0 t =m2 & 
! feature's gl[1   ,true to ! pulse ( ! 
,he>t's w>m fl[1   ,height5'd at ?\ght (

 ^? fri5ds af>1   ,:o ! aspect wat*$ ( 8
 ris+ />2   ,) f]v5t pray] t t /> might 
%$   ,b5ignant influ5ce ^u 8 head4    ,)
 he>t z joy\s1 & foot z light   ,z !    
wild "y roe1 he scal$ ! height--   ,!   
cry/al s\ght 9 its m\nta9-b$1   ,& !    
fragrant wild fl[]s ga!r$2   ,nature he 
lov$ 9 h] freaki% mood--   ,& s\ght h]1 
deep 9 h] solitude4         99       99 
99       99       99    ,he is n n[ :]e 
! rapids play1   ,or moonlight t9ctures 
! ris+ spray2   ,nor l ! roe on ! craggy
 height1   ,) he>t z gay1 & a foot z    
light2--   ,did he he> ! h[l ( !        
fro/-god nigh1   ,& fly l ! ,birds to 8 
native sky8    ,8 native sky8--,ah6 x   
brightly gl[s--   ,x *e]s ! bird & x    
sc5ts ! rose2   ,x wakes all nature to  
songs ( joy--   ,b x smiles all va9ly on
 !e1 sweet ,boy6   ,!y laid1 :o lov$ !e1
 all lone & deep1   ,on ! ,james' gre5  
%ore1 9 ?y la/1 long sleep6    ,yes6    
'twas a dream ( ,life's dreamy day6     
,beautiful1 fleet+1 & va9 z !y6         
,dreams ( ! he>t1 ! m9d1 ! eye1         

,belov'd1 h[ de>ly6--h[ soon to fly6    
,!y fade1 !y vani%1 e'er dawns ! morr[1 
,& ! he>t is left to its night ( sorr[4 
,,eliza4  ,saco1 ,ma9e4       ,= !      
,s\!rn ,lit]>y ,mess5g]4  ,,to ,,spr+4#a
     ,n s9ce ! _w's fir/ blu%+ ,spr+    
,ha? w>m]1 tru] (f]+   ,?an m9e1 by     
m9/rel1 muse1 or maid1   ,be5 on ?y     
rose-wrea!d alt> laid4    ,may-fl[]1 !  
fir/ 9 ,flora's b&1   ,i've snat*'d f ?y
 half-op5'd h&1   ,& help'd ! little    
,daisy %ake   ,f h] bright head ! light 
sn[-flake2    ,i've wat*'d !e :ile ?y   
crayon spread   ,! fir/ t9t on !        
,violet's head1   ,& wrapt ) pleasure1  
scan'd ! grace   ,?y light t\* ?rew o'er
 ,nature's face--    ,b m ,i love !e =  
?y promise bright1   ,t ,man %all spr+1 
reviv$ f ,dea?'s cold1 w9try night4     
,,eliza4  ,saco1 ,ma9e4  ,footnote #a3  
,on ! w>m banks ( ! ,james1 ?is         
,apo/rophe to ,spr+ may probably appe>  
altoge!r too late = ! season1 b on !    
banks ( ! ,saco1 :]e a good fire is /ill
 necess>y to com=t1 & ! ,may-fl[]1 ! mo/

 d>+ ( our wild fl[]s1 is j putt+ =? its
 blossom 9 tok5 ( approa*+ ,spr+1 x is q
 e>ly en\gh4       ,= ! ,s\!rn ,lit]>y  
,mess5g]4  ,,spr+4       ,rude ,w9t]'s  
surly /orms are gone--   ,spr+1 9 h]    
joy1 is pass+ on3   ,b5ea? h] light &   
magic tread1   ,ea* fl['ret lifts its   
g5tle head3   ,/reamlets1 s long 9      
fett]s b\nd1   ,leap ) a glad1 reviv+   
s\nd3   ,valleys & hills1 s long unse51 
,gl[ ) a ri* & silv'ry gre53   ,!       
,rob9's wild & ?rill+ note1   ,! sil5ce 
( ! grove1 has broke3   ,! ,bee1 =      
mon?s1 9 bondage held1   ,wakes h] hum 9
 ! wont$ field3   ,! ,horse & ,ox _!    
/alls =sake1   ,9 leap+ /reams1 _! ?ir/ 
to slake2--   ,to seek1 on m\nta9-side &
 pla91   ,! fea/1 t ,nature spreads     
aga94   ,nymph1 ) ! sweetly-laugh+ eye6 
,:]e do/ ?\ dwell1 :5 o'er ! sky1   ,!  
murky /orms ( ,w9t] sc[l1   ,& ?r\gh !  
leafless valleys h[l2--   ,t ?\1 ! mom5t
 !y are gone1   ,do?1 lovely /ill1 come 
tripp+ on8   ,g on1 ^u ?y bloom+ way6   
,i "k ?\ wilt n1 can/ n1 /ay2   ,b (t1 z

 on y\r c\rse y w9d1   ,oh6 ca/ a l+'r+ 
look beh9d6  ,,roy4  ,lov+/on1 ,april   
#a1 #ahce4       ,= ! ,s\!rn ,lit]>y    
,mess5g]  ,,to ,a4 ,l4 ,b4  ,au?or (    
,tru/ ,n1 9 ! ,mess5g] = ,febru>y4      
,scorn n ! love ( ! g5tle "o6   ,turn n 
away f ! he>t's devotion6     ,/ill to  
its %r9e may'/ ?\ be won1   ,& ?y bosom 
be /irr'd ) its g5tle emotion4          
,spurn n t treasure6 its wor? is untold2
   ,bright gems are hid 9 its deep      
recesses2--     ,fe> n t h] bosom %all  
gr[ cold1   ,:5 ! light is gone f h]    
wavy tresses4      ,!re's a f\nta9 (    
feel+ pure & bright1   ,:i* ! glance (  
h] eye is s g5tly reveal+2     ,l !     
twilight dawn ( ! ,summ]'s light1   ,on 
! long+ sight ( ! we>y /eal+4      ,tru/
 to ! love ?\ ha/ falsely disda9'd1   ,s
 %all ! tru/$ deceive !e nev]2     ,=get
 ! scorn ?\ ha/ falsely claim'd1   ,& ! 
/> ( ?y brea/ %all be bright =ev]4      
,!n come to ! hall ( w9e & song1   ,:]e 
! _s ( beauty reposes1     ,& tru? %all 
be cr[n'd by ! %9+ ?rong1   ,) a g>l& ( 

myrtle & roses6  ,s4 ,w4 ,w4  ,raleigh1 
,n4 ,c4       ,= ! ,s\!rn ,lit]>y       
,mess5g]4  ,,spr+4     ,to see ?y t9y   
song/]s re>     ,) wondr\s skill1 _!    
home ( love2   ,& he> ea* praise ! o!r's
 c>e     ,9 songs1 t might be brea!d    
above4    ,to wat* ! mode/ fl[ret's     
gr[?1     ,! spotless type ( love on e>?
   ,:i* nightly droops1 z ?\gh 'tw]e    
loa?     ,to quit ! brea/ t gave x bir?2
    ,or lay me d[n beside "s brook1     
,:]e ,i may muse ! livelong day1   ,&   
drop my (t neglect$ book1     ,to dream 
( o!rs f> away4    ,su* is ! joy1 !     
quiet bliss1     ,( hold+ conv]se sweet 
) !e1   ,& woo+1 /ill1 ?y favor+ kiss   
,mid/ nature's wilds1 9 fancy free4     
,b ,i mu/ bide )9 my room1     ,cont5t  
to brea!1 alone1 ?y air1   ,& feel t x  
is d\ble gloom1     ,because ?\ art s   
lovely1 !re4  ,a ,,prison]4       ,= !  
,s\!rn ,lit]>y ,mess5g]4  ,,mr4 ,t4 ,w4 
,,:ite4  ,de> ,sir3--,y h be5 s k9d z to
 solicit some?+ f my p5 = y\r int]e/+   
p]iodical4 ,) great pleasure ,i transmit

 ! enclos$ %eets1 9 ! hope t y may f9d  
!m suitable to ! ,mess5g]4  ,! subject  
,i consid] z p>ticul>ly cong5ial ) ?is  
delightful season1 :i* has be5 truly    
said to con/itute ! great jubilee (     
nature2 awak5+ our sympa?y ) "y life1 & 
draw+ our att5tion to ! promise & haz>ds
 ( ! vegetable creation1 amid ! *e]ful  
labors ( agriculture4    ,nunc omnis    
ag]1 nunc omnis p>turit arbos2   ,nunc  
frond5t sylv1 nunc =mosissimus annus4   
,b ,i am sure t my subject has an       
int]e/1 indep5d5t ( ! delightful        
associations ( ! season at :i* ,i write1
 & t mo/ ( y\r read]s w be ev] ready to 
exclaim 9 ! gallant /ra9 ( ! sweet ,iri%
 ,b>d1    ,oh woman6 ^: =m & ^: s\l     
,are ! spell & ! light ( ea* pa? we     
pursue6   ,:e!r sunn'd 9 ! tropics1 or  
*ill'd at ! pole1   ,if woman be !re1   
!re is happ9ess too6  ,:at ,i h writt5 9
 ?is fir/ numb] ( my ,diss]tation1 has  
ref]5ce pr9cipally to :at may be t]m$ ! 
s5tim5tal portion ( our nature4 ,i mu/  
!re=e beg ( y\r read]s1 to susp5d all   

judgm5t z to ! p>tiality or imp>tiality 
( ! execution1 until ,i h drawn ! :ole  
picture4 ,i am yet to comp>e ! sexes    
toge!r1 9 relation to ! intellectual    
p[]s4  ,i am1 sir1 ) high respect1  ,y\r
 ob$i5t s]vant1  ,z4 ,x4 ,w4  ,may #ab1 
#ahce4         99       99       99     
99       99  ,,diss]tation  ,on !       
,*>act]i/ic ,diff]5ces betwe5 ! ,sexes1 
& on ! ,position & ,influ5ce ( ,woman 9 
,society4   ,,no4 ,i4  ,:5 we survey ) a
 philosophic eye ! v>i$ & complicat$    
works ( nature1 !re is no?+ ^u :i* ! m9d
 re/s ) m pleasure1 ?an ! contemplation 
( ! h>mony1 ! ord]1 & ! unity ( design1 
manife/$ ?r\gh\t4 ,! physical philosoph]
 po9ts to ! c5tripetal & c5trifugal     
=ces1 to ! annual & diurnal revolutions 
( ! e>?1 to ! p]iodical return ( !      
seasons1 ! regul> succession ( day &    
night1 to ! laws ( cohesion & repulsion1
 & %[s ) pride ! wondr\s h>mony :i*     
exi/s 9 all ! dep>tm5ts ( ! physical _w1
 all work+ & conspir+ to "o great end4  
,! political economi/ delights to look  

to ! nations ( ! e>?1 compos$ ( va/     
multitudes ( individuals2 to scan !     
great v>iety ( occupations :i* ! endless
 division ( labor has g5]at$1 & to see  
h[ ! almo/ c\ntless millions (          
inhabitants1 al?\gh ea* "o is busily &  
selfi%ly engag$ 9 ! pursuit only ( 8 own
 little n>r[ s*emes1 are nev]!less1 :5  
we embrace ! gr& :ole1 work+1 9 z p]fect
 h>mony & accord1 z if ! _s ( unb\nd$   
wisdom & univ]sal philan?ropy guid$ e   
head & t\*$ e he>t4--,:ile to ! common  
obs]v]1 ! great volume ( ! human m9d is 
un9t]e/+1 ) its pages confus$ & scatt]$ 
l ! sybil leaves ( antiquity1 x becomes 
to ! metaphysician :o c arrange &       
int]pret x1 a s\rce ( k1 ( pleasure1 & (
 gratitude4 ,he beholds ! nice l9eam5ts 
( feel+s & passions--obs]ves ! op]ations
 ( our v>i\s intellectual p[]s &        
faculties4 ,he sees a beautiful h>mony &
 unity ( design 9 ! :ole ,ideal         
,republic2 & f9ds ) wond] & a/oni%m5t1 t
 all our passions1 in/9cts & faculties  
are s nicely arrang$ 9 relation to ea*  

o!r1 t1 l ! bodies 9 our planet>y sy/em1
 n "o c\ld be /ruck f exi/5ce )\t       
endang]+ ! h>mony ( ! :ole4 ,?us %all we
 f9d1 look :]e we w1 ?r\gh ! wide range 
( nature's works1 "p correspond+ to "p1 
p[] to p[]1 m9d to m9d1 & to matt] too2 
& ! :ole mov+ =w>d ) t beautiful        
h>moni\s action1 :i* at once demon/rates
 ! illimitable wisdom ( ! design]1--8   
b5evol5ce & 8 consi/5cy4 ,among all ^!  
beautiful adaptations 9 ! univ]se1 !re  
is n "o p]haps1 :i* pres5ts itself to ! 
m9d "u a m engag+1 a m int]e/+ aspect1  
?an ! relations ( ! sexes4 ,to increase 
& multiply1 seems to be ! great law (   
animat$ creation2 & ! attractions by :i*
 ! sexes are br\ght toge!r = ! fulfilm5t
 ( ?is univ]sal law1 are s _m1 s        
complicate1 & yet s beautiful &         
delightful1 :ile %$d+ _! b5ign influ5ce 
ov] ! rugg$ j\rney ?r\gh life1 t x is   
impossible to contemplate !m1 )\t an    
imm$iate ackn[l$gm5t ( _! sublime       
h>mony1 & ( ! b5evol5t design ( him :o  
ord]$ & e/abli%$ !m4 ,my m9d ( late has 

be5 m ?an usually engag$ 9 !            
contemplation ( ?is subject2 & to amuse 
my leisure h\rs1 ,i h det]m9$ to ?r[    
toge!r1 h[ev] loosely1 "s ?\ghts on !   
con/itutional diff]5ces betwe5 !        
sexes--to po9t out ! effects :i* ^?     
diff]5ces h produc$ ^u _! moral1 social 
& political *>act]s--to %[ t ! position 
( woman 9 society is n an accid5tal "o1 
b results f ! law ( nature2 & t ! b5ign 
& p[]ful influ5ce :i* %e ex]ts ov] !    
de/9y ( man1 is due pr9cipally to t v   
/ate ( ?+s :i* woman is s apt to        
condemn4 ,f ?is inve/igation1 we _c fail
 to see t a con/ant amelioration 9 h]   
condition is calculat$ to enl>ge &      
div]sify ! pleasures ( ! :ole human     
family1 :ile x urges =w>d ) irresi/ible 
p[]1 ! m>* ( civilization4  ,:e!r !re be
 any orig9al natural diff]5ces betwe5 ! 
sexes1 9 a moral & intellectual po9t (  
view1 is a "q extremely difficult to    
det]m9e4 ,education has comm5c$1 long   
be=e *ildr5 h arriv$ at t age & gr[? (  
intellect1 :i* w enable !m to manife/ ) 

c]ta9ty _! passions1 prop5sities1 ta/es1
 & m5tal p[]s4 ,! wide intellectual &   
moral diff]5ces exi/+ among individuals 
simil>ly situat$ & simil>ly educat$1    
lead u to conclude t !y h diff]5t       
orig9al capacities & dispositions4 ,b s 
diff]5t is ! education ( ! sexes--s     
diff]5t is _! position 9 society1 t we  
_c say ) c]ta9ty1 :e!r _! moral &       
intellectual diff]5ces are due :olly to 
education1 or p>tly to nature4 ,!       
discussion ( ?is "q ,i %all waive1 z n  
be+ ( mu* importance to ! view :i* ,i   
propose to take ( ! subject1 & %all     
proce$ to %[ h[ ! education ( ! two     
sexes is calculat$ to produce !         
diff]5ces :i* we obs]ve among !m1 & h[  
_! relative positions 9 society are !   
results ( ! =ce ( circum/ances1 & n (   
accid5t1 z "s h mo/ +5i\sly cont5d$2 &  
?is ,i hope to be enabl$ to %[1 ev5 ^u !
 supposition ( p]fect intellectual      
equality betwe5 ! sexes at bir?4  ,be=e 
ent]+ ^u ?is subject1 x is prop] to     
/ate1 t ,i use ! ^w education 9 its mo/ 

ext5d$ s5se1--to mean n only ! moral &  
intellectual discipl9e :i* we d]ive f   
our p>5ts & tea*]s1 b to include !      
influ5ce ( physical organization1 ( !   
physical circum/ances by :i* we are     
surr\nd$1 ( op9ion--9 f9e1 all ^?       
influ5ces :i* are extrane\s to ! m9d    
itself1 b capable ( =m+ & direct+ x4    
,!re is bo? a physical & moral          
education1 to :i* we are con/antly      
subject$1 f bir? to manhood1 entirely   
indep5d5t ( pr(ess$ tea*]s1 :i* p]haps  
ex]cises ! greate/ sway 9 ! =mation (   
our *>act]s4 ,mo/ p]sons are apt to     
=get1 9 ! calculation ( "*1 ! effect (  
physical circum/ances2 b ^! mu/ nev] be 
lo/ sight (4 ,physics gov]n morals1 to a
 c]ta9 ext5t1 all ov] ! _w4 ,x is       
impossible to )draw ourselves :olly f ! 
influ5ce ( physical causes4 ,9 !        
beautiful language ( ,mr4 ,allison1 ,w&]
 :]e we w1 trees wave1 riv]s fl[1       
m\nta9s asc5d1 cl\ds d>k51 or w9ds      
animate ! face ( heav52 & ov] ! :ole    
sc5]y1 ! sun %$s ! *e]fulness ( 8 morn+1

 ! spl5dor ( 8 noonday1 or ! t5d]ness ( 
8 ev5+ light2--!re is n "o ( ^! features
 ( sc5]y1 :i* is n fitt$ to wak5 u to   
moral emotion2 to lead u1 :5 once ! key 
( our imag9ation is /ruck1 to tra9s (   
fasc9at+ & endless imag]y2 & 9 !        
indulg5ce ( !m1 to make our bosoms ei!r 
gl[ ) conceptions ( m5tal excell5ce1 or 
melt 9 ! dreams ( moral good4 ,ev5 ^u ! 
man ( ! mo/ uncultivat$ ta/e1 ! sc5es ( 
nature h "s inexplicable *>m3 !re is n a
 *ord p]haps ( ! human he>t1 :i* may n  
be awak5$ by _! influ5ce4 ,aga91 let u  
w&] :]e we w1 & 9 va9 %all we attempt to
 escape ! moral influ5ces :i* are ex]t$ 
ar\nd u4 ,op9ions1 mann]s1 cu/oms1      
fa%ions1 c4 ex]cise a sil5t1 b pot5t    
sway1 f :i* none c hope to be exempt4   
,we sometimes indulge ! wi% ( fly+ f our
 native l&1 to escape ^! influ5ces 9 a  
=eign clime4 ,h[ va9 ! wi%6 ,g :]e we w1
 ! mighty spell is /ill laid ov] u--!   
en*antm5t is /ill unbrok5--& z long z   
man's nature rema9s un*ang$1 s long mu/ 
he be subject to ! guidance & direction 

( t mighty physical & moral ma*9]y1 :i* 
if ev] at "w ar\nd him1 sil5tly develop+
 & =m+ 8 "*4 ,^! causes1 9 _! all p]vad+
 influ5ces1 may almo/ be consid]$ z     
emblematical ( ! omnipres5ce ( !        
,div9ity4 ,9 our rem>ks !n1 ^u !        
di/9ctive *>act]i/ics ( ! sexes1 x is   
prop] to comm5ce fir/ ) ! op]ation (    
physical causes2 & among ^!1 )\t d\bt ! 
diff]5ce ( physical organization        
ex]cises ! mo/ p[]ful influ5ce--p]haps s
 p[]ful z to be itself suffici5t to     
acc\nt = all ! *>act]i/ic diff]5ces     
betwe5 man & woman4 ,( c\rse1 ! rem>ks  
:i* foll[1 apply to ! entire sexes1 & n 
to individual cases2 = ! individual     
female w frequ5tly be f\nd to h all !   
mascul9e traits ( "* m p]fectly develop$
 ?an ! individual man4 ,few m51 =       
example1 c be comp>$ ) an ,edgewor? or  
,de ,/ael 9 po9t ( intellect--& few h   
%[n m p]sev]+ c\rage & mascul9e h]oism1 
?an ,que5 ,m>g>et ( ,engl&1 or ,joan    
d',arc ( ,france2 b ^! are specim5s f   
:i* we c draw no j conclusions conc]n+ !

 entire sex4   ,physical ,diff]5ces     
betwe5 ! ,sexes1 & _! ,imm$iate         
,effects4  ,:at !n is ! diff]5ce 9      
physical organization8 ,woman1 says     
,voltaire1 is 9 g5]al less /rong ?an    
man2 small] & less capable ( la/+ labor4
 ,h] blood is m aque\s2 h] fle% less    
firm2 h] hair long]2 h] limbs m r\nd$2  
h] arms less muscul>2 h] m\? small]2 h] 
hips m prom95t1 & h] abdom5 l>g]4 ,^!   
physical po9ts di/+ui% woman all ov] !  
e>?1 & ( all races1 f ,lapl& unto ! coa/
 ( ,gu9ea1 & f ,am]ica to ,*9a4#a ,!    
physiologi/s all agree 9 ! ma9 po9ts (  
diff]5ce "h ass]t$4 ,!y say t woman     
diff]s f man 9 ! :ole ( h] l[] /ature--9
 ! delicacy ( h] organization--9 !      
pr$om9ance ( h] lymphatic & cellul>     
sy/em1 :i* s(t5s d[n ! projections ( !  
muscles1 & gives to all h] limbs ^?     
r\nd$ & graceful =ms1 ( :i* we see 9 !  
,v5us de ,m$icis ! inimitable model4 ,9 
woman1 s5sibility is also m exquisite2  
&1 ) less /r5g?1 h] mobility is great]4 
,! female skeleton ev51 is easily       

di/+ui%$ f t ( ! male1 by /rik+         
diff]5ces4 ,! asp]ities ( ! bones are   
less prom95t2 ! clavicle is less curv$2 
! *e/ %ort]1 b m exp&$2 ! /]num %ort]1 b
 wid]2 ! pelvis m capaci\s1#b c4 ,comp>+
 ! sexes toge!r !n1 all ov] ! _w1 man   
appe>s to be decid$ly ! /rong] & bett]  
=m$ = w>1 = h>d & p]sev]+ labor2 woman =
 retirem5t1 = ! mild & less labori\s    
occupations4 ,! camp1 ! field1 ! woods1 
& ! sea seem to be ! natural !atres = ! 
display ( man's p[]s4 ,woman fills )    
peculi> grace1 all ! dome/ic occupations
 & s$5t>y employm5ts4 ,9 fact1 ! same   
am\nt ( ex]cise is n necess>y to !      
pres]vation ( h] heal?1 z = t ( man4    
,h5ce %e is m naturally s$5t>y & quiet1 
& p]haps less indu/ri\s4 ,h] labor1 9 a 
purely politico-economical light1 is    
univ]sally consid]$ less valuable4 ,!   
sev]] labors ( cutt+1 maul+1 dit*+1     
c>p5try1 masonry1 c4 are p]=m$ by m54 ,!
 managem5t ( *ildr51 sew+1 knitt+1 wa%+1
 c4 are p]=m$ mo/ frequ5tly by wom54 ,! 
work+ 9 lace1 ,r\sseau consid]$ an      

occupation p>ticul>ly suit$ to a        
delicate mode/ female4 ,he nev] c\ld    
ex]cise ! slighte/ pati5ce t[>ds m5     
tailors4 ,! ne$le & sword ought n to be 
manag$ by ! same h&s4 ,9 8 ,emile1 he   
says1 ,if ,i 7 sov]eign1 ,i w\ld n p]mit
 sew+ & ! occupations ( ! ne$le to any b
 wom5 & lame m54  ,footnote #a3 ,see    
,phil4 ,dic4 ,vol4 #f1 ,art4 ,woman4    
,footnote #b3 ,ri*]&'s ,physiology4     
,*apman & ,goodman's ,edition3 p4 #cha4 
,occupation produces a mighty influ5ce  
on "*4 ,wom5 9 all c\ntries w talk ab\t 
_! dresses & dome/ic matt]s3 ,m5 talk ( 
w>1 politics1 horse-rac+1 field sports1 
& ! labors ( ! f>m4 ,at a v e>ly p]iod (
 life1 we f9d ! boy delight+ 9 8 top1 8 
b[ & arr[s1 & 8 mimic wagon or c>t4 ,!  
girl f9ds mo/ pleasure 9 dolls1 9 pretty
 dresses & glitt]+ toys1 :i* amuse h]   
)\t mu* ex]tion on h] "p4 ,) :at a      
languid yawn1 says ,m>y ,wool/oncraft 9 
h] ,rights ( ,woman1 h ,i se5 an        
admirable poem ?r[n d[n1 t a man ( true 
ta/e returns to aga9 & aga9 ) rapture2 &

 :il/ melody has almo/ susp5d$          
respiration1 a lady has ask$ me :]e ,i  
b\ght my g[n4 ,& :il/ ! m5 conv]se ab\t 
bus9ess1 politics or lit]ature1 h[      
naturally1 says ,swift1 d wom5 apply _! 
h&s to ea* o!r's lappets & ruffles4 ,!  
le>n$ lady :om ,i h j ref]r$ to1 might h
 sav$ h]self a great deal ( vexation &  
pret5d$ mortification1 if %e _h only    
reflect$1 t diff]5ce 9 occupation betwe5
 ! sexes is due pr9cipally to diff]5ce 9
 physical organization2 & t !           
conv]sation ( m5 & wom5 w always run m  
or less ^u _! occupations4 ,our v dreams
 are b too frequ5tly dictat$ by !       
occupations :i* engage u4 ,que5 ,mab    
gallops    ,?r\gh lov]'s bra9s1 & !n !y 
dream ( love2    ,on c\rti]'s knees1 t  
dream on c\rt'sies /raight2    ,o'er    
lawy]'s f+]s1 :o /raight dream on fees4 
,& sometimes comes %e ) a ti! pig's     
tail1    ,tickl+ a p>son's nose z a'    
lies asleep--    ,!n dreams he ( ano!r  
b5efice3    ,sometimes %e drive? o'er a 
soldi]'s neck1    ,& !n dreams he (     

cutt+ =eign ?roats2    ,( brea*es1      
ambuscadoes1 ,spani% blades2    ,(      
heal?s five fa?oms deep3 & !n anon      
,drums 9 8 e>--at :i* he />ts & wakes2  
,& be+ ?us fright5'd1 swe>s a pray] or  
two1    ,& sleeps aga94   ,relative     
,position ( ! ,sexes 9 ,society4  ,!    
relative position ( ! sexes 9 ! social &
 political _w1 may c]ta9ly be look$ ^u z
 ! result ( organization4 ,! great]     
physical /r5g? ( man1 enables him to    
occupy ! =egr\nd 9 ! picture4 ,he leaves
 ! dome/ic sc5es2 he plunges into !     
turmoil & bu/le ( an active1 selfi% _w2 
9 8 j\rney ?r\gh life1 he has to enc\nt]
 innum]able difficulties1 h>d%ips &     
labors :i* con/antly beset him4 ,8 m9d  
mu/ be n]v$ aga9/ !m4 ,h5ce c\rage &    
boldness are 8 attributes4 ,x is 8      
prov9ce1 undismay$1 to /& aga9/ ! rude  
%ocks ( ! _w2 to meet ) a lion's he>t1 !
 dang]s :i* ?reat5 him4 ,he is ! %ield (
 woman1 de/9$ by nature to gu>d &       
protect h]4 ,h] inf]ior /r5g? & s$5t>y  
habits conf9e h] )9 ! dome/ic circle2 %e

 is kept alo( f ! bu/le & /orm ( active 
life2 %e is n famili>iz$ to ! out ( door
 dang]s & h>d%ips ( a cold & scuffl+ _w3
 timidity & mode/y are h] attributes4 ,9
 ! great /rife :i* is con/antly go+ =w>d
 ar\nd h]1 !re are p[]s engag$ :i* h]   
inf]ior physical /r5g? prev5ts h] f     
enc\nt]+4 ,%e mu/ rely ^u ! /r5g? (     
o!rs2 man mu/ be engag$ 9 h] cause4 ,h[ 
is he to be drawn ov] to h] side8 ,n by 
m5ace--n by =ce2 = weakness _c1 by su*  
means1 be expect$ to triumph ov] might4 
,no6 ,x mu/ be by con=mity to t "* :i*  
circum/ances dem& = ! sph]e 9 :i* %e    
moves2 by ! exhibition ( ^? qualities   
:i* delight & fasc9ate--:i* are         
calculat$ to w9 ov] to h] side ! pr\d "l
 ( creation1 & to make him an humble    
suppliant at h] %r9e4 ,grace1 mode/y &  
lovel9ess are ! *>ms :i* con/itute h]   
p[]4 ,by ^!1 %e creates ! magic spell t 
subdues to h] w ! m mighty physical p[]s
 by :i* %e is surr\nd$4 ,h] attributes  
are r ( a passive ?an active "*4 ,h] p[]
 is m emblematical ( t ( div9ity3 x     

subdues )\t an ef=t1 & almo/ creates by 
m]e volition2--:il/ man mu/ w9d 8 way   
?r\gh ! difficult & intricate mazes (   
philosophy2 ) pa9 & toil1 trac+ effects 
to _! causes1 & unravell+ ! deep my/]ies
 ( nature--/or+ 8 m9d ) useful k1 &     
ex]cis+1 tra9+ & p]fect+ 8 intellectual 
p[]s1 :il/ he cultivates 8 /r5g? & h>d5s
 & matures 8 c\rage2 all ) a view (     
enabl+ him to ass]t 8 rights1 & ex]cise 
a great] sway ov] ^? ar\nd him4 ,woman  
we behold dep5dant & weak2 b out ( t v  
weakness & dep5dance spr+s an           
irresi/ible p[]4 ,%e may pursue h]      
/udies too--n h[ev] ) a view ( triumph+ 
9 ! s5ate *amb]--n ) a view to =5sic    
display--n ) a view ( lead+ armies to   
combat1 or ( enabl+ h] to br+ into m    
=midable action ! physical p[] :i*      
nature has conf]r$ on h]4 ,no6 ,x is b !
 bett] to p]fect all ^? fem99e graces1  
all ^? fasc9at+ attributes1 :i* r5d] h] 
! c5tre ( attraction1 & :i* delight &   
*>m all ^? :o brea! ! atmosph]e 9 :i* %e
 moves2 &1 9 ! language ( ,mr4 ,burke1  

w\ld make t5 ?\s& swords leap f _!      
scabb>ds to av5ge ! insult t might be   
(f]$ to h]4 ,by h] v meekness & beauty  
does %e subdue all ar\nd h]4 ,! ,grecian
 poet ( old has told u :]e h] p[] lies4 
,to woman :at does nature give8         
,beauty %e gives in/ead ( d>ts2         
,beauty in/ead ( %ields imp>ts3    ,nor 
c ! fire nor sword oppose    ,! fair1   
victori\s :]e %e goes4  ,we mu/         
recollect1 h[ev]1 t x is beauty ( m9d1 (
 grace1 ( accompli%m5t2 & n beauty (    
p]son alone1 :i* con/itutes h] p[]4 ,:5 
! beautiful "m ( mank9d is describ$ by !
 mat*less poet1 he m5tions n "o purely  
physical trait ( beauty4    ,grace 0 9  
all h] /eps2 heav5 9 h] eye3    ,9 all  
h] ge/ures dignity & love4  ,:5 ,juno   
too1 tries ! old & successful *eat (    
love ) h] imp]ial husb&1 ! poet (       
antiquity makes h] borr[ ! beauties (   
m9d1 r ?an ^? ( body4    ,! g5tle v[1 ! 
gay desire1    ,! k9d deceit1 ! /ill    
reviv+ fire2    ,p]suasive spee*1 & m   
p]suasive sighs1    ,sil5ce t spoke1 &  

eloqu5ce ( eyes4  ,ev5 ,wall]1 !        
sycophantic poet ( a corrupt & pr(ligate
 c\rt1 pays all due homage to ! beauty (
 m9d4                   ,oh1 my lovely  
foe1   ,tell me :]e ?y /r5g? do? lie--  
,:]e ! p[] t *>ms me s3   ,9 ?y s\l1 or 
9 ?9e eye4  ,z woman !n _c conqu] by    
physical /r5g?1 %e mu/ dep5d ^u o!r     
attributes ( a m passive quality4 ,!    
foll[+ little anecdote well illu/rates !
 *>act]i/ic diff]5ces betwe5 ! sexes 9  
?is respect4 ,i 0 once giv+ a h&some &  
accompli%$ lady a description ( !       
,m5ag]ie ,royal at ,p>is1 & 0 describ+ !
 ap>tm5t ( a l>ge f]oci\s lion t _h be5 
br\ght f ,africa4 ,! ap>tm5t 0 d\ble1 ) 
a p>tition wall betwe5 ! *amb]s4 ,:il/ !
 lion w\ld be 9 "o *amb] eat+1 x 0 !    
cu/om ( ! keep] to g into ! o!r = !     
purpose ( clean+ x out1 tak+ c>e to %ut 
! door betwe5 !m4 ,"o day he neglect$   
?is2 & ! lion leav+ ! meat :i* he _h be5
 dev\r+1 sudd5ly ent]$ ! room1 advanc$  
to ! man1 :o back$ aga9/ ! wall1 !n     
leap$ ^u 8 brea/1 & look$ him /eadily 9 

! face4 ,j at ?is po9t1 ,i paus$ & ask$ 
! lady1 = %e seem$ agitat$1 :at %e w\ld 
h done 9 a simil> crisis4 ,h] answ] 0   
*>act]i/ic inde$3 ,i w\ld h kiss$ him6  
,n[ ,i ass]t t !re is n a man 9 ! wide  
_w :o w\ld h ev] ?\ght ( appeas+ ! wra? 
( ! mon>* ( ! =e/ by a kiss4 ,8 p[] does
 n dep5d on a kiss4 ,f him x is n       
suffici5tly appreciat$ to make x covet$ 
by o!rs1 & !re=e a s\rce ( 8 p[]4 ,b )  
woman x is f> o!rwise2 x is "o ( h] mo/ 
pot5t means--a sort ( res]ve1 n to be   
resort$ to b "u ! pressure ( necessity4 
,_h y address$ ! same "q to man1 he w\ld
 h told y1 t he w\ld h /ood quiet &     
firm1 7z did ! individual j m5tion$17   
till assi/ance c\ld be br\ght2 or he    
w\ld h summon$ up all 8 c\rage & all 8  
/r5g? = "o desp]ate ef=t1 & attempt$ to 
hurl ! lion f him2 b nev] w\ld he h     
?\ght ( pur*as+ 8 life by giv+ him a    
kiss4 ,?is is "o ( woman's res\rces 9 ! 
h\r ( p]il1 & woman alone w\ld ev] h    
?\ght ( x4  ,9 t d>ke/ & mo/ dismal h\r 
( ,joseph9e's life1 :5 ! dread secret ( 

! divorce 0 fir/ h9t$ to h] by t great b
 wily & unpr9cipl$ /atesman ,f\*e1 h[   
does %e act8 ,9 all ! agony & conc5trat$
 grief :i* preys ^u h] he>t1 %e seeks 9 
8 *amb] ! solit>y *iefta91 ^: m>tial    
pr[ess _h %ak5 all ! ?rones ( ,europe1 &
 fill$ ! _w ) a fame :i* eclips$ t ( !  
,cs>s & ,alex&]s--%e seats h]self 9 8   
lap--%e /rokes back ! hair f 8 =ehead3 9
 ! mild & falt]+ tone ( injur$ honor1 %e
 asks him if x be s8 ,he answ]s no6 ,& )
 beauty1 grace & te>s supplicat+1 :o    
c\ld h answ]$ o!rwise6 ,!n impr9t+ a    
kiss ^u 8 br[1 %e asks ! dismission (   
,f\*e z an e>ne/ ( 8 atta*m5t4 ,?is 0   
d5i$ h]2 & at t mom5t despair seiz$ ^u  
h] he>t4 ,%e knew h] p[] 0 gone--! *>m 0
 brok5--! spell 0 dissolv$4 ,ambition   
triumph$ ov] love4 ,b ! ,colossus (     
,europe c\ld h told y1 t ! melan*oly    
triumph ( t mom5t1 _h co/ him m ?an !   
conque/ ( k+doms & ! de?ronem5t (       
mon>*s2 or he c\ld h told y aft]w>ds1 t 
:5 he = ! fir/ "t beheld ! b>r5 rock (  
,/4 ,hel5a1 ) t c\nt5ance unmov$ &      

un*ang$1 :i* s a/oni%$ ^? :o obs]v$     
x1--! int]nal /ruggle by :i* he *a9$ d[n
 ! conflict+ emotions ( 8 s\l1 0 n to be
 comp>$ ) t :i* c\ld firmly resi/ !     
reque/ ( a belov$ b injur$ wife 9 te>s4 
,po9ts ( ,honor 9 ! ,sexes4  ,s f>1 ,i h
 be5 consid]+ ! effects ( m]e inf]iority
 ( /r5g? 9 ! female4 ,b indep5d5tly (   
?is1 !re is ano!r portion ( h]          
organization1 att5d$ ) consequ5ces no   
less m>k$ on ! :ole "*4 ,i allude (     
c\rse to ! great law ( nature1 :i*      
imposes ^u h] ! burd5 ( ge/ation--(     
nurs+ & ( tra9+ ! ris+ population ( !   
_w4 ,t woman is de/9$ to ! (fice ( nurs+
 & re>+ h] *ildr51 ! arrangem5t ( nature
 evid5tly demon/rates4 ,x is %e alone   
:om nature provides ) ! food adapt$ to !
 support ( ! fragile con/itution ( !    
newly born babe4 ,%e has kn[n & felt all
 ! solicitude1 anxiety & pa9 p]ta9+ to  
its exi/5ce4 ,x is a law ( our nature1  
to love t ) mo/ ardor1 :i* has co/ u mo/
 pa9 & mo/ anxiety 9 ! atta9m5t4 ,= ?is 
reason p]haps1 x may be t ev5 at bir?1 a

 "m's love = h] babe is m int5se ?an t (
 ! fa!r2 & h5ce an additional reason ( a
 moral "*1 :y ! (fice ( tutor+ & nurs+  
%\ld devolve m p>ticul>ly on h]4 ,let u 
n[ proce$1 = a mom5t1 to trace !        
consequ5ces ( ?is position ( woman4 ,x  
is evid5t t its t5d5cy mu/ be1 to n>r[ !
 circle 9 :i* %e moves2 a consid]able   
portion ( h] life mu/ be sp5t 9 ! nurs]y
 & ! sick room4 ,"h1 at once1 w\ld be   
pres5t$ an insurm\ntable b>ri] aga9/ t  
ambition :i* w\ld lead h] into ! field1 
into politics1 or any ( ! regul>        
pr(essions4 ,%e nev] c\ld compete ) man4
 ,9 fact1 to succe$ at all1 %e w\ld be  
oblig$ to des]t ! /ation & defeat ! ends
 = :i* nature int5d$ h]4 ,a physician1 a
 lawy]1 or /atesman1 :o %\ld be oblig$  
to att5d to ! suckl+1 clo?+1 & ! ?\s&   
little wants ( a helpless babe1 w\ld be 
di/anc$ 9 ! race by him1 :o ) any ?+ l  
equal p[] ( intellect1 0 unimp$$ 9 8    
c>e] by any ( ^? emb>rass+ ob/acles4    
,?is organization ( woman n[ "u         
consid]ation1 r5d]s circumspection &    

virtue m absolutely indisp5sable to h]  
?an to man4 ,guilt & infidelity are mu* 
m c]ta9ly detect$ 9 h] case ?an 9 81 &  
are att5d$ ) mu* m lam5table            
consequ5ces4 ,h] :ole moral "* is =m$ 9 
"s measure 9 view ( ?is /ate ( ?+s3     
*a/ity & virtue become h] po9ts ( honor2
 mode/y becomes h] mo/ pleas+ & necess>y
 attribute4    ,t *a/ity ( look :i*     
seems to hang    ,a veil ( pure/ light  
o'er all h] beauties1    ,& by =bidd+1  
mo/ inflames desire1  may truly be said 
to con/itute "o ( h] greate/ & mo/      
indisp5sable ornam5ts4 ,! great po9t (  
honor 9 man1 is und\bt$ly c\rage2 & 9   
woman1 *a/ity & virtue4 ,9 books (      
*ivalry1 7says ,addison1 9 "o ( ! ,nos4 
( ! ,spectator17 :]e ! po9t ( honor is  
/ra9$ to madness1 ! :ole /ory runs on   
*a/ity & c\rage4 ,! damsel is m\nt$ on a
 :ite palfrey1 z an emblem ( h]         
innoc5ce2 & to avoid sc&al1 mu/ h a dw>f
 = h] page4 ,%e is n to ?9k ( a man     
until "s mis=tune has br\ght a knight   
errant to h] relief4 ,! knight falls 9  

love1 & did n gratitude re/ra9 h] f     
murd]+ h] deliv]]1 w\ld die at h] feet  
by h] disda94 ,h[ev]1 he mu/ wa/e _m    
ye>s 9 ! des]t1 be=e h] virg9ity c ?9k (
 a surr5d]4 ,! knight goes (f--attacks e
 ?+ he meets t is bigg] & /rong] ?an    
himself--seeks all opportunities ( be+  
knock$ on ! head--& aft] sev5 ye>s'     
rambl+1 returns to 8 mi/ress1 ^: *a/ity 
9 ! mean "t has be5 attack$ by giants & 
tyrants1 & und]gone z _m trials z h]    
lov]'s valor4 ,! foll[+ inscription on a
 monum5t erect$ 9 ,we/m9/] ,abbey1 to ! 
,duke & ,du*ess ( ,new ,ca/le1          
p>ticul>ly pleas$ ,mr4 ,addison1 z      
illu/rative ( ! diff]5ce 9 ! po9ts (    
honor betwe5 ! sexes4 ,h] "n 0 ,m>g>et  
,lucas1 y\nge/ si/] to ! ,"l ,lucas (   
,col*e/]2 a noble family--= all ! bro!rs
 7 valiant1 & all ! si/]s virtu\s4      
,voltaire 9 8 ,philosophical ,diction>y 
rem>ks1 t all animals1 if !y c\ld talk1 
w\ld tell y !y consid]$ ! female1 ea* "o
 ( its own species1 z ! mo/ beautiful   
creature 9 ! _w4 ,! rem>k is a          

philosophical "o2 & w no d\bt apply )   
great =ce to man1 especially 9 a        
civiliz$ condition4 ,all our writ]s on  
ta/e1 rank woman 9 po9t ( beauty at !   
head ( creation2 & make h] ! mo/        
beautiful ( h] sex1 ^: beauty is comb9$ 
) virtue & lovel9ess1 & =tifi$ by       
mode/y4 ,h[ beautifully has ,b>rett     
describ$ ! sup]ior excell5ce ( ! female 
"* 9 ! foll[+ l9es3    ,to gu>d t       
virtue1 to supply ! place    ,( c\rage1 
want+ 9 h] g5tle race--    ,lo1 mode/y 0
 giv52 my/]i\s spell1    ,^: blu% c     
%ame1 ^: panic c repel4    ,/rong1 by ! 
v weakness x betrays1    ,x %$s a mi/   
be=e our fi]y gaze3    ,! pant+         
appreh5sion1 quick to feel    ,! %r9k+  
grace1 t fa9 w\ld grace conceal1    ,!  
beautiful rebuke t looks surprise--     
,! g5tle v5geance ( av]t$ eyes2--    ,^!
 are its arms1 & ^! supreme prevail2    
,love pauses--,vice retracts 8 gloz+    
tale4  ,we are n[ prep>$ to see at once1
 ! f\ndation ( t diff]5ce obs]vable     
among ! sexes all ov] ! _w1 9 all ages1 

9 relation to ! conduct :i* !y obs]ve   
t[>ds ea* o!r4 ,man makes all ! advances
 t[>ds ! weak] sex4 ,he is ! woo]1 &    
woman ! woo$1 9 e age & c\ntry3 :il/ %e 
is coy & retir+1 & blu%es deeply at ! v 
idea ( h] pref]5ces & atta*m5ts = !     
opposite sex be+ ev5 suspect$1 man      
ackn[l$ges ) c&or 8 devotion to woman2  
seeks h] society e :]e2 confesses 8     
en?usia/ic delight at ! *>ms ( h]       
conv]sation1 & glories 9 ! p]=mance ( ^?
 civilities & gallantries1 :i* ! laws ( 
social int]c\rse h always dem&$ at 8    
h&s4 ,! desires & incl9ations ( man1 are
 op5 & confess$2 ^? ( woman1 kept       
d\btful & secret4 ,man 7says ,r\sseau17 
dep5ds on woman on acc\nt ( 8 desires2  
woman on man bo? on acc\nt ( desires &  
necessities4 ,! diff]5ce1 h[ev]1 is t ! 
=m] are av[$1 ! latt] conceal$4#c ,!    
*>ms & fasc9ation ( woman1 are s        
contriv$ z to hide all art itself1 & to 
appe> entirely aimless4 ,yet 9 ?is v    
circum/ance frequ5tly re/s ! great p[] (
 h] attractions4    ,unaim+ *>ms ) edge 

resi/less fall1    ,& %e :o means no    
mis*ief does x all4  ,footnote #c3      
,br\ssais1 ! mat]iali/1 supposes a      
diff]5ce 9 ?is respect betwe5 ! sexes1  
f\nd$ on diff]5ces 9 irritation & animal
 s5sibility1 & ?is is ! reason :y %e is 
cont5t$ to w9 him 7man7 by ge/ures &    
spee*1 b nev] does %e und]take to subdue
 him by =ce4 ,:e!r ?is be ! fact1 mu/ be
 decid$ by physiologi/s4 ,to ^? :o wi%  
to exam9e ?is subject1 ,i c only ref] !m
 to ,br\ssais's ,physiology1 *4 #ac1 sec
 #b4  ,x is easy to d$uce f ! =ego+1 t  
:at is call$ "* or reputation1 9 ! eyes 
( ! _w1 is inf9itely m necess>y to woman
 ?an to man3 h] virtue is ! true        
s5sitive plant1 :i* is blight$ ev5 by ! 
brea? ( suspicion4 ,cs> w\ld n h a wife 
^u :om suspicion fell1 ev5 ?\gh conv9c$ 
( h] innoc5ce4 ,man may1 by re=mation1  
rega9 a lo/ "*1 b woman r>ely c4 ,man   
may1 & (t5 ought to rise sup]ior to !   
op9ion ( ! _w2 woman nev] c4 ,h5ce !    
bold ass]tion ( ,r\sseau1 9 8 ,emile3   
,l'op9ion e/ le tombeau de la virtue    

p>mi les hommes et son trne p>mi les    
femmes4 ,"u ^! circum/ances1 does n !   
guilt ( ! individual1 :o und]m9es or    
asp]ses ! female "*1 become a ?\s& times
 m atroci\s8 ,9 reg>d to woman1 ,madame 
de ,/ael obs]ves1 9 h] "w on lit]ature1 
t to def5d !mselves is an additional    
disadvantage2 to ju/ify !mselves a new  
al>m4 ,!y are consci\s ( a purity &     
delicacy 9 _! nature1 :i* ! notice ev5 (
 ! public w t>ni%4 ,& ^? :o suppose     
!mselves clo!d 9 panoply complete1      
because ( _! sup]ior tal5ts1 %e lik5s to
 ,erm9ia 9 h] coat ( mail3 ! w>riors    
p]ceive ! helmet1 ! lance1 & ! dazzl+   
plume2 !y expect to meet ) equal =ce2 !y
 beg9 ! onset ) viol5ce1 & ! fir/ w\nd  
cuts to ! he>t4 ,well !n does x behoove 
e man ( honor & *ivalry to gu>d aga9/ ! 
injury ( a be+ s def5celess1 & to       
contribute all 9 8 p[]1 to ! elevation &
 amelioration ( h] position1 if x be    
only z comp5sation = ! _m disadvantages 
to :i* %e is subject$1 9 comp>ison )    
man4 ,i h ?us endeavor$ to trace out !  

causes :i* produce ! mode/y1 g5tl5ess & 
virtue1 :i* c]ta9ly *>act]ize ! female  
sex4  ,^u ! same pr9ciples we may expla9
 t extraord9>y comm& ov] h] feel+s1 :i* 
is c]ta9ly ano!r ( ! *>act]i/ics (      
woman4 ,%e _c give utt]ance to h]       
passions & emotions l man4 ,%e is n to  
seek1 b to be s\ght4 ,%e is n to woo1 b 
to be woo$4 ,%e is ?us frequ5tly requir$
 to suppress ! mo/ viol5t feel+s2 to put
 a curb on h] mo/ ard5t desires1 & at ! 
same "t to we> t face ( cont5tm5t & ease
 :i* may impose ^u an inquisitive &     
scrut9iz+ _w4 ,h[ (t5 d we see 9 ! gay  
circles ( fa%ion & ( folly1 t :ile      
app>5t joy x beam+ f ! c\nt5ance1 a     
secret grief is prey+ on ! he>t1 & work+
 ! s\l into an agony4 ,we are told by   
,plut>*1 t ! in/itutions ( ,lycurgus _h 
s discipl9$ ! ,sp>tans 9 ! art ( endur+ 
pa9 )\t compla9t1 t a boy p]mitt$ a /ol5
 fox to eat d[n to 8 b[els1 )\t compla9+
 or exhibit+ 8 suff]+s 9 8 c\nt5ance4 ,!
 education & position ( woman1 produces 
an influ5ce 9 ?is respect simil> to t   

produc$ by ,sp>tan legislation4 ,%e c   
suff] mu*1 & %e c suff] long1 9 sil5ce1 
)\t compla9t4 ,h[ admirably has         
,%akspe>e describ$ ?is trait ( "*1 9 !  
description ( ,viola1 9 ! #ab? ,night3  
?\gh s (t5 quot$1 ,i _c =ego ! pleasure 
( repeat+ x3    ,%e nev] told h] love1  
,b let concealm5t l a worm 9 ! bud1     
,fe$ on h] damask *eek3 %e p9$ 9 ?\ght1 
,& ) a gre5 & yell[ melan*oly1    ,%e   
sat l pati5ce on a monum5t1    ,smil+ at
 grief4  ,all p]sons plac$ 9 situations 
requir+ great self comm&1 by con/antly  
curb+ ! passions & allay+ ! ris+        
emotions1 arrive at la/ at t self       
control1 t p]fect app>5t m5tal          
equilibrium :i* appe>s s wond]fully     
difficult to ! ord9>y spectator4 ,?is is
 (t5 mo/ /rik+ly exemplifi$ 9 /atesm51  
diplomati/s & gambl]s1 & sometimes 9    
m]cantile m54 ,! great res]ve ( ,wa%+ton
 on /ate affairs1 is well kn[n3         
,davilla1 ! hi/orian1 praises ! deep    
dissimulation ( ,ca!r9e de ,m$icis4 ,"l 
,cl>5don1 & ,locke1 h spok5 )           

comm5dations ( ! same traits 9 ! *>act]s
 ( ! ,e>ls ( ,bri/ol & ,%aftsbury2 :il/ 
,cic]o ev51 has be/[$ 8 eulogy on ! same
 qualities1 & po9ts to ! *>act]s (      
,hom]'s ,ulysses1 ,!mi/ocles ! ,a!nian1 
,lys&] ! ,sp>tan1 & to ,m>cus ,crassus (
 ,rome1 = examples4 ,talleyr&1 ! great  
diplomatic wond] ( ! n9ete5? c5tury1 x  
is said1 possesses ?is tal5t p\r le     
sil5ce1 on /ate affairs1 9 a mo/        
extraord9>y degree4 ,) su* a be+1 e ?+  
becomes a matt] ( calculation1 d[n ev5  
to ! responses to ! ord9>y que/ions ( h[
 d y d8 & h[ h y be58 ,su* a man may    
truly be said to c>ry 8 he>t 9 8 head1 z
 0 said ( ,mr4 ,pitt ! y\ng]4#d         
,footnote #d3 ,bulw]1 9 8 ,france1 pp4  
#ajg & #h1 has giv5 u ! foll[+ little   
anecdotes illu/rative ( ?is trait ( "*2 
& ! fir/ admirably exhibits ! op9ion :i*
 t deep se>*+ & wily politician ent]ta9$
 ( ! c&or ( /atesm54 ,b :y is n ,m4 de  
,s4 "h8 said ,m4 de ,talleyr&4 ,m4 de   
,s4 e/ malade1 said an acqua9tance4 ,ha6
 ha6 replies ! old /atesman1 %ak+ 8     

head1 ,m4 de ,s4 e/ malade6 mais qu'e/  
ce donc qu'il gagne  tre malade6 ,aga91 
:i* d y l be/1 ,m4 de ,talleyr&1 said a 
lady1 ,madame de ---- or myself8 ,!     
reply 0 n s decisive z ! fair &         
accompli%$ que/ion] expect$4 ,b n[1 said
 %e1 suppose we 7 bo? to fall into !    
sea1 :i* %\ld y fir/ try to save8 ,oh6  
,madame1 said ! ,pr9ce1 ,i %\ld be q    
c]ta9 t y c\ld swim4 ,aft] ^!1 we may   
well believe ! late response :i* he is  
said to h made to 8 physician1 :o ask$  
him "s que/ions ab\t ,spa94 ,doctor1    
said he1 y mu/ h rem>k$1 t ,i nev] give 
an op9ion1 except ^u subjects :i* ,i d n
 und]/&4 ,i am happy to talk ab\t       
physic4  ,^u ! same pr9ciples we c      
expla9 a seem+ moral p>adox1 9 ! fact1 t
 phlegmatic m51 :5 once sudd5ly excit$1 
become p]fectly ungov]nable2 exhibit+   
follies & extravagances1 beyond ^? we   
see manife/$ by m5 ( great imag9ation & 
w>m feel+s4 ,v phlegmatic p]sons1 :5    
sudd5ly 9 love1 are sometimes to be     
rank$ among ! mo/ amus+ & laughable     

objects 9 nature3 ) !m a new feel+ has j
 be5 call$1 = ! fir/ "t1 into action3 x 
entirely unh+es & d]anges ! :ole int]nal
 man3 x is a new p[]1 :i*1 = a mom5t1   
subjects e ?+ to its caprici\s dom9ion1 
& ! man becomes in/antly l ,ahm$1 !     
pilgrim ( love1 s beautifully describ$ 9
 ! tales ( ! ,alhambra1 m\nt$ ^u !      
sudd5ly dis5*ant$ /e$1 clad 9 ! magic   
armor1 & ov]turn+1 )\t ! possibility (  
manag+ himself or /e$1 bo? fri5d & foe4 
,x has g5]ally be5 suppos$1 t sudd5 love
 is a symptom ( mu* imag9ation1 &       
excitable feel+s3 ?is is n always true2 
x may sometimes be a pro( ( ! rev]se4 ,v
 cold phlegmatic m51 may frequ5tly be   
sudd5ly r\s$ & enam\r$1 because !y h no 
control ov] ! little imag9ation & feel+ 
:i* !y possess1 :5 once t little has be5
 r\s$4 ,"o ( ! mo/ phlegmatic m5 ,i ev] 
knew1 m>ri$ 9 less ?an ?ree mon?s aft] !
 dea? ( a wife1 :om he _h lov$ :ile     
alive1 z mu* z su* a nature 0 capable ( 
lov+2 & an affectionate squeeze ( ! h&1 
& a m ?an usually t5d] tone ( voice1 7 !

 simple means by :i* ?is sudd5 flame 0  
k9dl$4  ,! rem>ks made above1 are       
susceptible ( ext5sive g5]alization4    
,mr4 ,/u>t says1 9 ! ?ird volume ( 8    
,elem5ts ( ! ,philosophy ( ,m9d1 ,9 "o (
 our mo/ celebrat$ univ]sities1 :i* has 
long enjoy$ ! pr\d di/9ction ( be+ !    
pr9cipal seat ( ma!matical le>n+ 9 ?is  
,isl&1 ,i h be5 assur$1 t if at any "t a
 _s ( fanaticism has infect$ 7z w       
occasionally happ5 9 all num]\s         
societies17 a few ( ! uns\nd] limbs ( t 
le>n$ body1 ! contagion has inv>iably   
spread mu* m widely among !             
ma!maticians1 ?an among ! m5 (          
erudition4 ,ev5 ! /rong head ( ,wa]+1   
und\bt$ly "o ( ! able/ analy/s t ,engl& 
has produc$1 0 n pro( aga9/ ! malady2 & 
he seems at la/ 7z ,i am told by ! late 
,dr4 ,watson1 ,bi%op ( ,l&aff17 to h    
sunk into a deep religi\s melan*oly1    
approa*+ to insanity4 ,:5 ,:itefield    
fir/ visit$ ,scotl&1 & produc$1 by 8    
p[]ful ?\gh unpoli%$ eloqu5ce1 su*      
m>vell\s effects on ! m9ds ( 8 he>]s1   

,dr4 ,simpson1 ! celebrat$ pr(essor (   
ma!matics at ,glasg[1 _h ! curiosity to 
att5d "o ( 8 s]mons 9 ! fields1 b c\ld  
nev] be p]suad$1 by all ! entreaties ( 8
 fri5ds1 to he> ano!r4 ,he _h probably  
felt 8 imag9ation excit$ 9 an unpleasant
 degree1 & ) 8 usual good s5se resolv$ n
 to subject himself to ! dang] ( a      
second exp]im5t4 ,n[ x is well kn[n1 t  
ma!matical /udies ex]cise ! imag9ation  
less p]haps ?an any o!r :atev]2 & !     
p[]ful influ5ce spok5 ( by ,mr4 ,/ew>t1 
0 no d\bt ow+ to ! fact1 t ! individuals
 9 "q1 _h no control ov] ! imag9ation2  
:5 once excit$1 !y _h nev] le>n$ to     
manage & re/ra9 x4 ,^u ! same pr9ciples 
we c expla9 ! wond]ful control :i* !    
coquette ultimately acquires ov] all h] 
feel+s4 ,! g5]al op9ion is1 t coquettes 
are cold & feel+less1 & h always be5 s1 
& t all _! demon/rations ( emotion1 are 
! result ( hypocrisy4 ,?is may sometimes
 be ! case1 b n always4 ,p]sons ( ?is   
description1 may ev5 h int5se feel+s2 b 
f con/antly wat*+1 re/ra9+ & curb+ !m1  

aft] !y h be5 call$ into action1 !y     
acquire p]fect ma/]y ov] !m4 ,9 "s      
cases1 ! feel+s may be s *a9$ d[n by    
habit1 z almo/ to be de/roy$2 9 fact1   
?is is g5]ally ! case ) coquettes1 & :5 
!y d m>ry1 x is frequ5tly m f policy ?an
 love4 ,ambition & vanity1 9 _! case1   
triumph ev5tually ov] love & feel+2 & ! 
love ( ri*es1 /&+1 pomp1 & %[1 det]m9es 
_! *oice4#e ,!re is "o species (        
coquetry = :i* ,i h mu* compassion &    
sympa?y2 x is :]e ! affections ( a lady 
h really be5 won by an individual1 :om  
prud5ce & ! advice ( fri5ds1 w =ev]     
prev5t h] f m>ry+4 ,9 ?is case x        
sometimes happ5s1 t t5d]ness on h] "p1 &
 a desire to avoid w\nd+ 8 feel+s1 may  
cause h] to excite hopes :i* are nev] to
 be realiz$4 ,9 ?is case1 he may dr9k   
too deeply ( :at ,%akspe>e calls    ,!  
honey'd music ( h] words2  & at la/ w   
awak5 to a disappo9tm5t1 ^: melan*oly   
influ5ce ,i %all describe1 :5 ,i come to
 speak ( ! effects ( love on ! sexes4   
,p]haps 9 a case l ?is1 prompt decision1

 & ! concealm5t ( e ?+ l t5d]ness1 may  
be ! /]n m&ate ( reason & prud5ce2 b we 
mu/ recollect t x is n t ( feel+ &      
sympa?y2 & we (t51 9 our passage ?r\gh  
life1 meet ) cases ( ?is k9d1 :5 too    
loose a re9 is giv5 to ! feel+s ^u      
,/]ne's pr9ciple1 t x is n always       
agreeable to be fight+ ! d----l4        
,footnote #e3 ,sometimes coquettes appe>
 to love aft] m>riage m int5sely ?an    
o!rs3 9 mo/ cases ,i am dispos$ to d\bt 
! reality ( ! affection4 ,sometimes !y h
 rema9$ s+le until ! decl9e ( _! *>ms1 !
 advance ( age1 & an unfavorable public 
op9ion1 h de/roy$ _! reign4 ,?is        
condition is almo/ insupportable1 &     
m>riage becomes an asylum = _! refuge4  
,9 ?is case ! coquette is 9 love )      
m>riage1 r because ( ! insupportable    
ills :i* %e has escap$1 ?an ( ! love :i*
 %e be>s h] husb&4 ,9 o!r cases1 aft]   
m>riage1 want ( some?+ to engage h]     
att5tion1 & ex]cise h] p[]s ( pleas+2 ( 
some?+ t may amuse & excite h]2 9 f9e1 z
 ,mademoiselle de ,l',enclos1 :o w      

readily be ackn[l$g$ fir/ rate au?ority 
on ?is subject1 expresses x1 ,la        
necessit d'avoir quelque gallantrie1 may
 induce h] to lavi% ^u h] husb&1 all ^? 
att5tions1 f9esses1 & displays ( feel+1 
:i* %e be=e be/[$ ^u ! _w at l>ge4 ,9   
?is case1 %e makes h] husb& ! v         
p]sonification ( ! gallantries ( ! _w1 &
 proce$s to play out ! game ) him1 :i*  
%e _h be=e be5 c>ry+ on ) ! da%+ beaux (
 ! fa%ionable _w4 ,la/ly1 9 "s cases1   
m]e vanity itself may be suffici5t1 by  
its int5se action1 to make ! coquette   
we> 9 h] c\nt5ance1 & manife/ by h]     
actions1 t love :i* %e feels n 9 h]     
he>t4 ,i d n ?9k !n ! coquette w (t5    
make a fit companion = ! man ( delicate 
s5sibility & all se>*+ p5etration4 ,he  
%\ld seek = "s s5sitive1 deep feel+     
he>t1 :i* c return him back a full      
measure ( ! love ( :i* 8 own fond1      
devot$ he>t is s lavi%4 ,true & g5u9e   
affection _c long be deceiv$3 x has too 
_m nice & exquisitely delicate *ords1 to
 be play$ ^u ) success by ! co>se f+]s (

 hypocrisy4  ,a g5tleman1 = simil>      
reasons1 (t5 indulges s5tim5ts ( love   
t[>ds h] :om he kn[s t circum/ances w   
nev] p]mit to be 84 ,i h se5 _m cases ( 
mo/ t5d] atta*m5t1 ( ?is k9d4 ,travell]s
 9 =eign c\ntries1 & p]sons 9 l[]       
/ations ( life1 sudd5ly br\ght into     
contact ) ! upp]1 furni% ! mo/ frequ5t  
illu/rations4   ,pride & ,vanity4  ,we  
are n[ prep>$ to comp>e ! sexes toge!r1 
z to two mo/ important traits 9         
"*--pride & vanity2 & be=e ent]+ ^u ?is 
inve/igation1 x is prop] to premise1 t  
,i use ^! words 9 _! te*nical           
philosophical mean+3 ,pride to mean t   
quality :i* makes u set a high value on 
ourselves1 indep5d5tly ( ! e/eem ( !    
_w--& vanity1 to be t :i* makes u desire
 ! e/eem ( o!rs1 & value ourselves      
accord+ly4  ,false pride is ! valu+     
ourselves = prop]ties :i* are really    
contemptible1 or n praisewor?y2 & false 
vanity is ! desire ( ! e/eem ( ^? ^:    
op9ions we %\ld disreg>d1 ei!r because (
 ! inf]iority ( _! judgm5ts1 or because 

( ! insignificance ( ! m]it1 = :i* we   
claim _! approbation4 ,! mean+ :i* ,i h 
"h giv5 to false pride & vanity1 is :at 
is g5]ally atta*$ 9 ord9>y p>lance to ! 
simple t]ms pride & vanity4  ,n[1       
accord+ to ! def9ition giv5 above1 x    
foll[s1 t ^! two qualities belong1 9 "s 
proportions1 to all ! memb]s ( ! human  
family4 ,man is evid5tly made by 8 mak]1
 a be+ ( relations & dep5d5cies3 com+   
into ! _w 9 ! mo/ helpless & dep5d5t    
condition1 ! pres]vation ( 8 life1 & !  
tra9+ ( infancy1 dem& ! cont9u$         
assi/ance ( o!rs3 ^? :o are ar\nd him1  
give him 8 daily food1 & tea* him 8     
daily lessons3 _! e/eem & love is !     
rew>d ( 8 little virtues & m]its3 _!    
c5sures & fr[ns 8 puni%m5ts4 ,z he gr[s 
to manhood1 & 8 m9d exp&s1 8 relations )
 ! _w become m num]\s1 & m ext5sive1 &  
he ultimately seeks ! applause & e/eem1 
n only ( ! little family circle 9 :i* he
 0 re>$1 b ( 8 neighborhood1 ( 8 ,/ate2 
!n1 if 8 ambition be great1 ( mank9d1 & 
( ! g5]ations t are to foll[4 ,?us !    

desire ( ! applause ( ! _w1 & ! dread ( 
its c5sure1 becomes "o ( ! mo/ p[]ful   
motives to action1 9 ! brea/ ( man--?is 
is vanity4  ,b at ! same "t1 !re is t )9
 u1 :i* produces happ9ess f !           
reflection1 t we h done our duty1 & t   
our conduct is praisewor?y1 :e!r we h ! 
e/eem ( ! _w or n4 ,we value ourselves =
 :at we consid] our real intr9sic m]its1
 & n = ! applause ( ! _w--& ?is is      
pride4  ,z ?us expla9$1 x is v evid5t t 
^! two great pr9ciples1 pride & vanity1 
mu/ h almo/ omnipot5t sway 9 ! =mation (
 "*4 ,*5evix1 9 8 "w on national "*1 &  
,adam ,smi? 9 8 !ory ( moral s5tim5ts1  
make ! :ole human "* to h+e on ^! two   
qualities4 ,:5 pride is excessive1 y h =
 ! mo/ "p a haughty isolat$ indep5d5t   
taciturn be+1 :o1 wrapt up 9 himself1 & 
8 own ideal p]fections1 despises !      
op9ions ( ^? ar\nd him1 & treats ! _w ) 
au/]ity & scorn4 ,8 social defects are  
bluntness1 rud5ess1 & a want ( sympa?y &
 compassion4 ,b !n he is a be+ :o is    
firm & /eady 9 8 "*1 & unwav]+ 9 8      

resolves4 ,he may be reli$ on1 if y c   
ev] w9 him to y\r side4 ,:5 vanity is   
excessive1 y h a be+ ! v rev]se ( ! "o j
 describ$4 ,he is social1 loquaci\s1    
polite & att5tive to all ar\nd him4 ,he 
has no fix$ "* or op9ion ( 8 own3 !     
op9ion ( ! _w is ! look+ glass 9 :i* he 
daily dresses himself4 ,affectation &   
dis+5u\sness are 8 social defects4 ,w9  
him to y\r side to-day1 & to-morr[ :5 he
 f9ds ! o!r ! mo/ popul>1 he w des]t y  
)\t hesitation4 ,he is a trea*]\s fri5d4
 ,:5 ^! two qualities are prop]ly       
comb9$1 y h ! p]fect "*4  ,n[ x is easy 
to see1 f :at has already be5 said1 t ( 
! two sexes man is ! pr\d]1 & woman !   
va9]4 ,! great] physical /r5g? ( man1 ! 
occupations 9 :i* he is engag$1 8 self  
dep5d5ce & self suffici5cy1 make him    
g5]ally m pr\d & less va9 ?an woman1 :o 
be+ weak] ?an man1 & m dep5d5t on o!rs1 
is oblig$ to seek _! e/eem & applause1 9
 ord] t ?r\gh _! atta*m5t & love1 %e may
 ex]cise a p[] :i* %e f9ds n )9 h]self4 
,! desire to please is und\bt$ly ! rul+ 

passion 9 ! female he>t4 ,z ,i h be=e   
obs]v$1 h] virtue is a mu* m s5sitive & 
t5d] plant1 ?an t ( man3 x c mu* m      
easily be t>ni%$1 by ! brea? ( public   
op9ion2 & :5 h] reputation is once lo/1 
x c nev] be rega9$4 ,h5ce ! good op9ion 
( ! _w is all 9 all to h]4 ,%e endeavors
 to secure x by e means4 ,%e is g5]ally 
m gay & *e]ful1 m loquaci\s & polite1   
inf9itely m amiable & agreeable 9 !     
social circle1 & %e trifles ) m grace & 
elegance4 ,= ! same reason %e adorns &  
p]fects h] beauty m1 & endeavors to     
height5 & poli% h] natural end[m5ts by !
 aid ( artificial ornam5ts4 ,i h obs]v$1
 7says ,l$y>d17 among all nations1 t !  
wom5 ornam5t !mselves m ?an ! m52 t !y  
are ev] incl9$ to be gay1 *e]ful1       
timor\s & mode/4 ,!y are m obs]vant (   
fa%ions & ( etiquette1 &1 z we %all     
pres5tly see1 !y h m tact1 m nice       
discrim9ation ( feel+ & disc]nm5t ( "*  
?an m5 h4 ,wom5 are precisely :at ! m5  
make !m1 all ov] ! _w4 ,addison says1 t 
_h wom5 det]m9$ _! own po9t ( honor1 x  

is probable t wit or good nature w\ld h 
c>ri$ x aga9/ *a/ity2 b our sex h       
pref]r$ ! latt]1 & woman has con=m$ to !
 decision4  ,! vanity ( woman1 "u prop] 
regulation1 makes h] ! mo/ fasc9at+ be+ 
9 creation1 :5 x is ! virtu\s1 !        
intellig5t1 & ! j1 ^: approbation %e    
attempts to w91 by ! *>ms & graces (    
virtue1 innoc5ce1 mode/y1 &             
accompli%m5t1 :]e %e is ! d>l+ *ild (   
society1 indulg$ n spoil$1 presid+ ov]  
its pleasures1 pres]v+ its ref9em5ts1   
tak+ no?+ f its /r5g?1 add+ mu* to its  
brilliancy1 p]mitt$ ! full ex]cise ( all
 h] faculties1 & reta9+ ! full end[m5t (
 all h] graces4  ,& ?is same be+1 :o1 9 
h] unm>ri$ /ate1 is ! delight & *>m ( e 
circle 9 :i* %e moves1 may aft] m>riage 
look to ! e/eem & approbation ( him :o  
has won h] h& & he>t1 z ! jewel (       
greate/ price4 ,8 op9ion may become to  
h] :at t ( ! _w 0 be=e4 ,8 ta/e is ! "o 
:i* %e may delight to please4    ,%e1 if
 h] "l b gaze ) pride1    ,we>s :at he  
loves1 & ?9ks no gem d5i$2    ,& if1    

compliant ) 8 wi%1 %e roam1    ,to ! gay
 tumults :i* ende> h] home1    ',mid    
bright] fa%ions1 & t pomp ( wa/e1       
,:i* glitt]+ fools misname1 & call x    
ta/e2    ,?o' n a gem h] simple hair h  
cr[n'd1    ,:ile lavi% diamonds fl+ _!  
beams ar\nd1    ,c smile s]5e1 nor feel 
"o envy burn1    ,& sleep )\t a sigh1 on
 h] return4#f  ,footnote #f3 ,p>adise ( 
,coquettes1 g5]ally ascrib$ to ! p5 ( ! 
late ,dr4 ,?omas ,br[n1 ! pr(essor (    
moral & m5tal philosophy 9 ! ,univ]sity 
( ,ed9burgh1 ( :om ,mr4 ,dugald ,/ew>t  
said1 9 my op9ion ev5 ,dr4 ,br[n w\ld h 
be5 a /ill bett] metaphysician1 if he _h
 n be5 a poet1 & a /ill bett] poet if he
 _h n be5 a metaphysician4 ,i h no d\bt 
( ! tru? ( ?is rem>k1 ?\gh we mu/       
ackn[l$ge1 t :e!r we exam9e 8           
metaphysics or 8 poetry1 we %all f9d t  
none has ev] bett] und]/ood ! he>t ( a  
truly virtu\s & con/ant female1 or m    
highly appreciat$ x4  ,su* a companion  
makes ! home ( h] husb& a p>adise on    
e>?1 & ! ?\ght ( him & 8 happ9ess1 soon 

int]weaves & int]tw9es itself ) all h]  
little s*emes & projects1 ) all h]      
desires & ambition1 & h] h\se becomes ! 
true sc5e ( dome/ic happ9ess & ( !      
dome/ic virtues4  ,on ! o!r h&1 :5      
vanity is excessive1 or badly regulat$1 
woman is too apt to sub/itute art =     
nature1 & to attempt to impose ^u ! _w  
by outw>d %[ & holl[ pret5sions2 to     
manage & intrigue = ! purpose ( c>ry+ h]
 plans1 & consummat+ h] s*emes2 & :5 9  
dang] ( detection1 %e has rec\rse to    
evasions & devices1 :i* 9 ! end may     
produce ! "* ( falsehood & hypocrisy4   
,a p]son 7says ,adam ,smi?17 :o has     
excessive vanity1 9 attempt+ to w9 !    
applause ( ^? ar\nd him1 is apt to fall 
into ! practice ( ly+1 b ! lies are n ( 
a black or v hurtful "* to society2 !y  
are int5d$ to deceive y1 & make y ?9k m 
( ! p]son :o tells !m1 & n to injure    
o!rs2 :]eas a pr\d man b r>ely lies1 &  
:5 he does1 x is apt to be a d>k &      
malici\s falsehood1 :i* he tells2 "o    
int5d$ = ! injury ( o!rs1 n = !         

exaltation ( himself4 ,x is badly       
regulat$ vanity1 :i* produces t "* =    
cunn+1 :i* ,r\sseau consid]$ "o ( !     
di/+ui%+ *>act]i/ical traits 9 ! female4
 ,he 0 s mu* impress$ ) ! pr$om9ance (  
?is trait 9 woman's "*1 t he 0 dispos$  
to attribute x1 7,i ?9k falsely17 r to  
nature ?an to circum/ances & education4 
,he tells u ( ! foll[+ device1 practic$ 
by a girl ( six ye>s old1 :o _h be5     
/rictly =bidd5 to ask = any ?+ at table4
 ,= ! purpose ( induc+ h] p>5ts to help 
h] to a di% :i* %e _h n ta/$1 %e po9t$  
h] f+] at ! sev]al di%es1 say+1 ,i h    
eat5 ( t1 & ( t1 c4 until %e came to !  
"o ( :i* %e _h n eat51 pass+ t by 9     
sil5ce4 ,a cunn+ h9t 0 ?us giv5 to !    
p>5ts1 )\t violation ( _! comm&s1 t %e  
w\ld l to be help$ to x4 ,?is little    
/ratagem ,r\sseau ?9ks f> beyond :at a  
boy ( ! same age w\ld h plann$1 & h5ce  
he comes to ! conclusion1 t ,la ruse e/ 
un tal5t naturel au sex--he ?9ks ?is a  
wise disp5sation ( nature1 =1 says he1  
,la femme a t\t contre elle nos defauts1

 sa timidit1 sa faiblesse2 elle n'a p\r 
elle que son art et sa beaute4 ,n'e/ il 
pas ju/e qu'elle cultive l'un et        
l'autre8 ,:5 ^! devices & /ratagems1 :i*
 ! s(t] sex practice = ! atta9m5t ( _!  
ends1 become too app>5t1 !y disgu/2 :5  
well conceal$1 !y frequ5tly succe$3 b   
hone/y "h1 z e :]e1 w prove to be ! be/ 
policy2 & ,i _c agree ) ,r\sseau1 t     
g5]ally !y are advantage\s to ^? :o     
practice !m3 !y always endang] m or less
 ! "* ( ! individual4 ,9 spite1 h[ev]1 (
 all our caution & advice on ?is        
subject1 9 ! little conc]ns ( life1 & ! 
petty tactics ( ! draw+ & ball rooms1   
woman w always display m skill & cunn+  
?an man4 ,^! are ! sc5es ) :i* %e is m  
conv]sant1 & :i* %e /udies f> m deeply  
?an he4 ,a skilful tactician 9 ! draw+  
room1 may almo/ be comp>$ to a g5]al 9 !
 field4 ,%e notes1 )\t be+ p]ceiv$1 e   
movem5t1 & by skilful evolutions %e br+s
 ab\t t arrangem5t ( p>ties :i* be/     
suits h] ta/e1 & :i* seems to o!rs1 :o h
 n ! sagacity to see ! game1 ! effect ( 

magic1 r ?an ( art4 ,) man x is v       
diff]5t2 concealm5t & /ratagem 9 !      
little c\rtesies & plans ( life1 are    
nev] expect$ ( him4 ,! maxim ( ,david   
,crockett1 g ahead1 is ! "o on :i* he   
practices4 ,z woman is ! mo/ skilful    
manag] on ^! occasions1 s is %e ! mo/   
sagaci\s obs]v]1 & %e c sometimes       
greatly amuse u1 by furni%+ a key to !  
manoeuvr+ 9 ! social & fa%ionable _w4   
,"m & ,*ild4  ,i n[ proce$ m p>ticul>ly 
to ! consid]ation ( ! effects produc$ ^u
 ! female "*1 by t mo/ int]e/+ & t5d]   
tie1 ! relation ( "m & *ild4 ,we h      
already po9t$ out ! reasons :y ! "m %\ld
 be consid]$1 z int5d$ m p>ticul>ly by  
nature1 = ! (fice ( nurs+1 re>+1 &      
tutor+ ! infant4 ,al?\gh ! effects ( ?is
 position1 are fir/ manife/$ ^u mo!rs1  
yet1 z !y con/itute s l>ge & influ5tial 
a portion ( females1 _! "*1 :atev] x may
 be1 w quickly diffuse itself ov] ! :ole
 sex1 & consequ5tly we may pr$icate ( ! 
:ole1 to a c]ta9 ext5t at lea/1 !       
prop]ties & peculi>ities ( "*1 :i* fl[ f

 ! relation ( "m & *ild4  ,!re c sc>cely
 be conceiv$ 9 ! :ole range ( nature1 a 
m t5d]ly int]e/+ object1 ?an ! p]fectly 
helpless & innoc5t babe4 ,! writ]s on ! 
sublime tell u1 t t obscurity &         
indi/9ctness :i* prev5ts u f see+ !     
exact proportions ( objects1 is         
favorable to sublimity1 by ! increas$   
play :i* x gives to ! imag9ation4 ,n[1  
:at is !re s well calculat$ to r\se !   
imag9ation & excite our anticipations1 z
 ! li/less1 inactive infant1--slumb]+ f 
! mom5t at :i* he takes 8 milky food to 
! mom5t at :i* he awakes to require x   
aga98 ,:at is t infant to become8 ,:at  
is to be 8 de/9y8 ,:at ! rle :i* he is  
to play 9 ! great drama ( life8 ,he is  
n[ at ! />t+ po9t2 ! future lies lat5t  
)9 him4 ,he is to be nurs$ & tak5 by !  
h&1 & l$ g5tly along ! pa? ( life1 until
 ! gr[? ( body1 & ! developem5t ( m5tal 
p[]s1 %all enable him1 unaid$1 to combat
 ! difficulties & ob/acles :i* beset him
 on 8 way4  ,!n1 is he to select ! "p   
:i* he is to act8 ,is he to be ! great  

w>rior1 /rid+ f victory to victory1 &   
mak+ 8 pa? a plane ( cont9u$            
elevation--de?ron+ & unmak+ pr9ces1 &   
grasp+ ! de/9y ( empires 9 8 s+le h&8   
,or is he1 by ov]turn+ ! fair fabric ( 8
 c\ntry's gov]nm5t1 & wad+ ?r\gh w>1    
an>*y & blood1 at la/ to triumph ov] !  
law & ! con/itution1 & build up 8 own   
?rone on ! melan*oly ru9s ( 8 c\ntry's  
lib]ty8 ,or w he be ! philosoph] ( 8    
age1 tak+            ,8 ard5t flight    
,?r\gh ! blue inf9ite2  numb]+ !        
planets1 not+ _! complex b h>moni\s     
movem5ts1 & d$uc+ ! un]r+ laws by :i* !y
 are gov]n$8 ,or1 by p\r+ tru? aft] tru?
 ^u ! _w1 is he to break up ! prejudices
 & dissipate ! errors :i* h be=e b\nd   
d[n ! re/less en]gies ( ! m9d "u ! fatal
 spell ( ignorance & sup]/ition8 ,p]haps
 he is to be ! g5u9e philan?ropi/1 & l  
,h[>d1 to travel f c\ntry to c\ntry1 n  
to survey ! sumptu\sness ( palaces or ! 
/atel9ess ( temples2 n to make accurate 
measurem5t ( ! rema9s ( anci5t gr&eur2 n
 to =m a scale ( ! curiosity ( mod]n    

arts2 nor to collect m$als or to collate
 manuscripts3 b to dive into ! dep?s (  
dungeons--to plunge into ! infection (  
hospitals--to survey ! mansions ( sorr[ 
& pa9--to take ! gauge & dim5sions (    
mis]y1 depression & contempt--to rememb]
 ! =gott51 to att5d to ! neglect$1 to   
visit ! =sak5--& comp>e & collate !     
di/resses ( all m5 9 all c\ntries4 ,or  
is he to be ! simple1 b cont5t$ be+1 ^: 
_w is b\nd$ by 8 visual horizon1--      
,:o nev] _h a doz5 ?\ghts   ,9 all 8    
life2 & nev] *ang$ _! c\rse2   ,b told  
!m o'er1 ea* 9 its 'cu/om$ place1   ,f  
morn till night1 f y\? till ho>y age1   
,& nev] _h an unbeliev+ d\bt2   ,b ?\ght
 ! visual l9e t girt him r\nd   ,! _w's 
extremes3 & ?\ght ! silv] moon   ,t     
nightly o'er him l$ h] virg9 ho/1   ,no 
broad] ?an 8 fa!r's %ield4--  ,well1 ?is
 be+ :o is n[ rock$ 9 8 cradle1 ) ^!    
g]ms infold$1 b unp]ceiv$1 9 8 he>t & 9 
8 feeble intellect1 al?\gh ! mo/        
helpless & dep5d5t ( animat$ creation1  
comm&s ! sympa?ies & love ( ^? :o 7 !   

au?ors ( its be+1 & possesses already s 
great an influ5ce1 t he _c 9 aft] life1 
by ! mo/ imp]i\s ord]s :i* he addresses 
to ! mo/ obsequi\s slaves1 ex]cise an   
au?ority m comm&+1 ?an t :i* 9 ! fir/   
h\rs ( 8 life1 :5 a few indi/9ct cries &
 te>s 7 8 only language1 he ex]cis$     
irresi/ibly ov] he>ts ( ! v exi/5ce (   
:i* he 0 ignorant4 ,b x is ! "m t gave x
 bir?1 :o feels ! deepe/ sympa?y ) all  
its pa9s & wants1 & c>ries 9 h] he>t1 ! 
mo/ unb\nd$ & unremitt+ affection = x4  
,man z ,i h be=e obs]v$1 has a rud] & a 
h>di] nature ?an woman3 ! out ( door _w1
 ) all its bu/le & jo/l+1 its           
difficulties1 dang]s1 h>d%ips & labors1 
is ! !atre = 8 actions4 ,he only enjoys 
! dome/ic sc5es dur+ ! int]vals ( 8     
labors1 & !n p]haps worn d[n by toil &  
fatigue1 he d&les = a mom5t 8 smil+     
infant on 8 knee1 & retires to re/1 or  
to muse on ! projects ( 8 ambition1 or  
to =m s*emes = ! accumulation ( weal? & 
! ext5sion ( 8 influ5ce4 ,& :5 he ?9ks (
 8 *ild1 he associates him ) ^? s*emes &

 projects ) :i* he is to be connect$ 9  
aft] life1 & looks ^u    ,! bright glad 
creature spr++ 9 8 pa?    ,b z ! heir ( 
8 great "n1 ! "y    ,& /ately tree1 ^:  
ris+ /r5g? ere long    ,%all be> 8      
trophies well4 ,& ?is is love6    ,?is  
is man's love6  ,! pray] :i* ,hom] puts 
into ! m\? ( ,hector = 8 son ,a/yanax1  
at ! p>t+ ) ,&roma*e1 mo/ beautifully   
illu/rates ! nature ( a fa!r's love4 ,o 
,jupit]1 & ye gods6 grant t ?is my son  
may be l 8 fa!r1 a lead] among !        
,trojans1 brave 9 battle1 & a brave k+ (
 ,illion4 ,& h]eaft]1 may ! p say ( him 
z he comes f battle1 he is f> brav] ?an 
8 fa!r1 & may he br+ back ! bloody      
spoils1 hav+ sla9 8 enemy1 & please 8   
"m's he>t4 ,a ,brutus & a ,titus        
,manlius1 :o w\ld condemn _! own sons to
 dea? = ! satisfaction ( public ju/ice1 
may be f\nd among fa!rs1 b nev] among   
mo!rs4 ,agamemnon may cons5t to !       
sacrifice ( ,iphig5ia1 b ,clytemne/ra1  
al?\gh a woman ( depravity1 c\ld        
n1--because %e lov$ ! daught] m ?an %e  

lov$ ,greece4 ,joy x is well kn[n1 may  
sometimes be s int5se z to produce dea?4
 ,li/5 to ! ?ree foll[+ cases ( dea? f  
joy3 !y w illu/rate ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! 
fa!r's & "m's love4 ,pl9y tells u1 t    
,*ilo ! ,sp>tan di$ ^u he>+ t 8 son _h  
ga9$ a prize at ! ,olympic games4       
,aga9--! ?ree sons ( ,diagoras 7 cr[n$  
on ! same day victors 9 ! ,olympic      
games1 ! "o z a pugili/1 ! o!r z a      
wre/l]1 & ! ?ird1 at ! pancration1 or   
game comb9$ ( wre/l+ & box+2 & ,aulus   
,gellius tells u1 t ! fa!r's joy 0 s    
great1 t he expir$ 9 ! arms ( 8 sons 9 !
 pres5ce ( ! assembl$ multitude1 ibi 9  
/adio inspectante populo1 9 osculis     
atque 9 manibus filiorum animam         
efflavat4 ,9 bo? ( ^! cases joy came f  
gratifi$ ambition4 ,livy tells u ( an   
ag$ "m1 :o1 :ile %e 0 plung$ into !     
dep?s ( di/ress f ! news ( h] son's dea?
 9 battle1 di$ 9 8 arms f ! excess (    
joy1 on 8 sudd51 unexpect$ safe return2 
! "m lov$ h] son1 n = ! lu/re :i* he    
might %$ on h] "n & family1 b = himself1

 & well might %e1 = x is ! lot ( a "m to
 wat* ) unremitt+ c>e ov] h] infant dur+
 ! fir/ ye>s ( its exi/5ce4 ,%e notices 
) a t5d] anxiety all its little         
movem5ts1 & adm9i/]s to all its wants4  
,%e alone le>ns to    ,explore ! ?\ght1 
expla9 ! ask+ eye2  %e alone le>ns to   
read all ! emotions ( its he>t by gaz+  
on ! play ( its features4 ,to h] ! voice
 ( laught] is z delightful & beautiful z
 ! mo/ ravi%+ music2 & ! tones & cries (
 sickness & di/ress1 are z afflict+ &   
melan*oly1 z ! fall ( /ocks1 revulsions 
( comm]ce1 & ! disa/]s ( trade & bus9ess
 are to man4  ,ev5 9 wom5 ( ! mo/ wick$ 
"*1 ^? :o are ! v fi5ds ( _! sex1 we    
sometimes see ?is mat]nal fondness bur/+
 out1 & demon/rat+ at once1 ! diff]5ce  
betwe5 ! wick$ness ( man & t ( woman4   
,mrs4 ,jameson admires v mu* ^? t\*es ( 
,%akspe>e's p5cil1 :i* m>k 9 ! mid/ (   
all h] atrocities & d>k crimes1 !       
womanly "* ( ,lady ,macbe?4 ,h[         
beautiful is ! recollection ( a "m's    
love1 ev5 9 ?is fi5d3    ,i h giv5 suck1

 & "k h[ t5d] 'tis    ,to love ! babe t 
milks me4  ,& aga9 %e %[s ! woman1 :5 %e
 exclaims3    ,_h he n resembl$ my fa!r 
z he slept1    ,i _h done x--  ,well1   
!n1 are we prep>$ 9 ! fif? act = !      
decl>ation ( ?is mon/] ( depravity1 "u !
 /+s ( a torm5t+ consci5ce1 :5 %e gazes 
on ! h& t _h done ! de$ & exclaims3     
,all ! p]fumes ( ,arabia1 w n sweet5 ?is
 little h&4  ,b let u quit su* specim5s 
z ^!1 & g back to our subject4  ,:o is  
!re among u1 :o c look back to ! p]iod (
 8 infant c>e]1 & n %$ a te> ( gratitude
 = a "m's love1 & a "m's c>e8 ,:at he>t 
does n heave ) emotion at ! recollection
 ( ! fir/ ye>s ( our education1 :5 day  
by day we 7 clasp$ 9 our "m's arms1 & ) 
! kiss ( affection impr9t$ ^u ! br[1 7  
*>g$ to be good boys1 & le>n )          
*e]fulness ! lesson t 0 assign$ u4      
,black inde$ mu/ be t he>t :i* c =get a 
"m's solicitude4 ,! recollection ( h]   
advice & admonition has (t5 sav$ !      
individual 9 ! h\r ( temptation1 & we c 
almo/ =give ,m>montel = 8 vices & 8 s9s1

 :ile brea?+ ! atmosph]e ( a pr(ligate &
 ab&on$ c\rt1 :5 we p]use 9 8 int]e/+   
memoirs ! foll[+ p>agraph1 occasion$ by 
! f>ewell :i* he took ( 8 "m 9 decl9+   
heal?4 ,yet a little :ile1 & %e w be no 
long] m9e2 ?is "m :o f my bir? has      
brea!d only = me2 ?is ador$ "m ^:       
displeasure ,i fe>$ z t ( heav51 & if ,i
 d>e say x1 yet m ?an heav5 itself4 ,=  
,i ?\ght ( h] mu* (t5] ?an ( ,god1 & :5 
,i _h "s temptation to subdue or "s     
passion to repress1 x 0 always my "m t  
,i fanci$ pres5t4 ,:at w\ld %e say1 if  
%e knew :at passes 9 me8 ,:at w\ld be h]
 confusion8 ,:at w\ld be h] grief8 ,su* 
7 ! reflections t ,i oppos$ to myself1 &
 my reason !n resum$ its empire1 second$
 by nature1 :o always did :at %e pleas$ 
) my he>t4 ,^? :o1 l me1 h kn[n ?is t5d]
 filial love1 ne$ n be told :at 0 !     
sadness & despond5cy ( my s\l4          
,montaigne 9 8 s+ul>1 b highly amus+ &  
+5i\s essays1 places ,epam9ondas (      
,!bes1 among ! ?ree m5 :o 7 m excell5t  
?an all ! re/ ( :om he _h any k2 & ! v  

fir/ pro( :i* he adduces ( 8 excessive  
goodness is ! decl>ation ( ,epam9ondas1 
t ! greate/ satisfaction he ev] _h 9 8  
:ole life1 0 ! pleasure he gave 8 fa!r &
 "m by 8 victory at ,leuctra4  ,!       
influ5ce :i* a "m's c>e & a "m's love   
produces ^u a girl1 is mu* great] ?an t 
wr\ght on a boy4 ,! girl is m con/antly 
) h] "m2 %e is taught to imitate & act l
 h]2 %e is m con/antly ) ! y\ng] *ildr5 
( ! family2 h] att5tions1 h] k9dnesses1 
h] sympa?ies & h] love1 come 9 process (
 "t to resemble ^? ( ! "m1 mu* m ?an ( !
 fa!r4 ,h5ce x is fair to say1 t all !  
effects wr\ght on ! "m by ! nurs+1      
tra9+1 c4 ( ! infant1 are produc$ 9 "s  
degree on all h] daught]s4  ,hav+ ?us   
po9t$ out ! "* ( t love :i* a "m be>s = 
h] *ildr51 ,i w n[ proce$ to %[ !       
effects :i* x produces on ! "* ( ! "m   
h]self4 ,m>montel 9 8 ,lecons ,sur la   
,morale1 pron\nc$ ! he>t ( a good "m1 to
 be ! ma/]piece ( nature's works2 &     
,/ew>t1 on ! ,active & ,moral ,p[]s1    
endorses ! ass]tion1--& adds1 !re is no 

=m c]ta9ly1 9 :i* humanity appe>s s     
lovely1 or pres5ts s fair a copy ( !    
,div9e image aft] :i* x 0 made4  ,! t5d]
 (fices ( a "m1 comb9$ ) t inf]iority ( 
/r5g? :i* ,i h be=e not$1 toge!r )      
diff]5ce 9 physical organization1 w no  
d\bt contribute to increase ! numb] &   
s5sibility1 if ,i may use ! expression1 
( ! *ords ( affection & sympa?y4 ,!y w  
cultivate to a mu* great] ext5t1 ! f9] &
 ! loveli] feel+s ( our nature4 ,!y     
und]/& bett] & receive m readily ^? f9] 
& m fugitive impressions :i* come "u !  
description ( s5tim5t4 ,we become       
hackney$ by ! r\gh & rude bus9ess ( !   
_w1 our feel+s become co>se & less      
delicate1 & less m9ute4 ,9 consequ5ce ( 
_! dome/ic life1 t reciprocation (      
social k9dnesses :i* is only a          
recreation to m51 is to wom5 9 "s s5se a
 bus9ess4 ,x is _! field duty1 f :i*    
h\sehold c>es are _! repose4 ,m5 d n    
seek ! int]c\rse ( society z a fri5d to 
be cultivat$1 b m]ely ?r[ !mselves on   
its bosom to sleep4 ,9 ! same mann]1 we 

%all f9d t woman possesses mu* m tact1 &
 mu* nic] disc]nm5t ( "* ?an man4       
,p]haps 9 ! r\gh /orms ( life1 :5 ! ma/]
 passions are call$ into action1 & m9d  
is br\ght into conflict ) m9d1 "u ! mo/ 
p[]ful agitation1 man !n may be ! be/   
judge ( "*2 = ! trag$y has become too   
deep & d>k = woman's p5etration &       
exp]i5ce4 ,%e is n s well acqua9t$ ) !  
deep feel+s ( ! he>t1 :5 la%$ into a    
tempe/ by ! /rife & conflicts ( !       
political _w4 ,b ( ! fireside "*1 ( ^?  
inequalities exhibit$ by ! temp] "u all 
! manifold aggravations ( social injury1
 %e is decid$ly ! be/ judge1 & kn[s be/ 
h[ to adm9i/] ! prop] rem$ies4 ,"u !    
influ5ce ( sorr[ & pa91 we may (t5 we> a
 c\nt5ance t w deceive man1--r>ely "o t 
w impose on woman1 :5 %e is int]e/$ 9   
our fate4 ,e man w h obs]v$ occasionally
 h[ quickly a woman disc]ns ! w\nd :i*  
%e has involunt>ily inflict$ ^u 8       
feel+s1 & h[ soon & h[ t5d]ly %e w      
repair ! mis*ief2 mak+ him by ! mann] ( 
rep>ation1 n only =give ! injury1 b     

admire h] m ?an ev]4 ,) man x is b too  
(t5 v diff]5t1 & he mu/ be ask$ =       
explanation be=e he is aw>e ( ! injury4 
,woman1 9 all conditions1 is a bett]    
com=t] & a bett] nurse ?an man4 ,%e     
reads 9 ! c\nt5ance ) m facility all our
 little wants1 & is ev] ready to adm9i/]
 to !m4 ,h] sympa?y is m alive1 & h]    
famili>ity ) ! di/resses ar\nd1 make h] 
m humane & compassionate ?an man4 ,m]cy 
& mildness h always be5 h] attributes2 &
 ! horrors & b>b>ities ( w> 7 nev]      
mod]at$1 until *ivalry & religion br\ght
 =w>d ! mighty influ5ce ( woman to      
suppress !m4  ,! foll[+ mo/ beautiful & 
j eulogy ( "o ( ! mo/ di/+ui%$ travell]s
 :i* ! _w has ev] produc$1 writt5 )\t   
any view to publication1 is s apposite  
to ! views :i* h j be5 pres5t$1 t ,i w  
give x entire f ,sp>ks's ,life ( ,l$y>d1
 ) ! exception ( portions already quot$4
 ,i h obs]v$ among all nations 7says    
,l$y>d17 t :]ev] f\nd1 !y 7wom517 are ! 
same k9d1 civil1 oblig+1 humane1 t5d]   
be+s4 ,!y d n hesitate l man to p]=m a  

hospitable or g5]\s action2 n haughty1  
nor arrogant1 nor sup]cili\s1 b full (  
c\rtesy1 & fond ( society2 indu/ri\s1   
economical1 +5i\s1 m liable to err ?an  
man1 b 9 g5]al1 also m virtu\s1 & p]=m+ 
m good actions ?an he4 ,i nev] address$ 
myself 9 ! language ( dec5cy & fri5d%ip 
to a woman1 :e!r civiliz$ or savage1 )\t
 receiv+ a dec5t & fri5dly answ]4 ,)    
man1 x has (t5 be5 o!rwise4 ,9 w&]+ ov] 
! b>r5 pla9s ( inhospitable ,d5m>k1     
?r\gh hone/ ,sw$51 froz5 ,lapl&1 rude & 
*urli% ,f9l&1 unpr9cipl$ ,russia1 & !   
wide spread regions ( ! w&]+ ,t>t>1 if  
hungry1 dry1 cold1 wet or sick1 woman   
has ev] be5 fri5dly to me1 & uni=mly s2 
& to add to ?is virtue s wor?y ( !      
appellation ( b5evol5ce1 ^! actions h   
be5 p]=m$ 9 s free & s k9d a mann]1 t if
 ,i 0 dry1 ,i drank ! sweet draught1 &  
if hungry1 ate ! co>se morsel ) a d\ble 
reli%4#g  ,footnote #g3 ,! au?or (      
,leaves f my ,log ,book1 relates !      
foll[+ incid5t :i* occurr$ :ile he 0    
pass+ ?r\gh a village ne> ,ro*e=t 9     

,france1 z a prison] "u a milit>y       
escort4 ,x af=ds s f9e an illu/ration ( 
! tru? ( ,l$y>d's eulogy on ! sex1 t ,i 
am induc$ to ins]t x 9 a note4  ,i _h   
obta9$ a fre% supply ( canvass = my     
feet1 :i* 7 mu* bli/]$ & extremely sore2
 b ?is 0 soon worn out1 & ,i suff]$     
dreadfully4 ,ab\t noon1 we halt$ 9 !    
m>ket place ( a small t[n be>+ e m>k (  
antiquity1 7,i ?9k x 0 ,melle17 to re/ &
 refre%4 ,to escape ! sun1 ,i took my   
seat on an old tea *e/1 /&+ 9 front ( a 
,huck/]'s %op1 & remov$ my tatt]$       
moccas9s4 ,:il/ do+ ?is1 an eld]ly woman
 came out ( ! %op accompani$ by a "y    
girl v prettily dress$1 & 'pauvre g>con6
 pauvre prisoni]6' 7 utt]$ by bo?4 ,!   
girl ) te>s 9 h] eyes look$ at my       
lac]at$ feet1 & !n )\t say+ a ^w return$
 to ! h\se4 ,9 a few mom5ts aft]w>ds %e 
reappe>$1 b h] f9]y _h be5 tak5 (f1 & %e
 c>ri$ a l>ge b[l ( w>m wat] 9 h] h&s4  
,9 a mom5t ! b[l 0 plac$ be=e me4 ,%e   
motion$ me to put 9 my feet1 :i* ,i did1
 & d[n %e w5t ^u h] knees & wa%$ !m 9 ! 

mo/ t5d] mann]4 ,oh :at luxury 0 t half 
h\r6 ,! eld] female br\ght me food1 :ile
 ! y\ng] hav+ p]=m$ h] (fice1 wrapt up  
my feet 9 s(t l951 & !n fitt$ on a pair 
( h] "m's %oes4 ,well !n might ?is      
grateful writ] exclaim1 9 conclusion (  
?is little n>rative1    ,hail6 woman    
hail6 la/ =m$ 9 ,ed5's b[]s1    ,mid/   
humm+ /reams1 & fragrance brea?+ fl[]s3 
,?\ art 'mid light & gloom1 ?r\gh good &
 ill1    ,creation's glory1 man's *ief  
bless+ /ill4     ,?\ calm'/ our ?\ghts1 
z ,halcyons calm ! sea1    ,soo?'/ 9    
di/ress1 :5 s]vile m9ions flee2    ,&   
oh6 )\t ?y sun bright smiles bel[1      
,life 7 a night1 & e>? a wa/e ( woe4    
,f>1 inde$1 might ?is poor prison] h    
j\rney$ )\t meet+ 9 our sex1 ) su* a    
k9d1 t5d] be+1 z ! fair ,evlalie4       
,m>montel tells u t ,madame de ,t5c91 "o
 ( ! mo/ di/+ui%$ & fa%ionable ladies at
 ,p>is1 & "o :o possess$ a deep &       
exquisite k ( m5 & wom51 advis$ him     
always to seek = fri5ds among wom51 r   
?an among m54 ,= by means ( wom5 7said  

%e17 y may d :at y please ) m52 & ^! are
 ei!r too dissipat$ or too mu* occupi$ )
 _! own p]sonal int]e/ to att5d to y\rs3
 :]eas wom5 ?9k ( y\r int]e/1 be x only 
out ( indol5ce4 ,m5tion ?is ev5+ to a   
woman :o is y\r fri5d1 an affair t      
intimately conc]ns y2 to-morr[ at h]    
sp9n+ :eel1 at h] embroid]y1 y w f9d h] 
occupi$ ) y1 tortur+ h] fancy to inv5t  
"s means ( s]v+ y4 ,b be c>eful to be   
no?+ m ?an ! fri5d ( h] :om y ?9k may be
 useful to y2 = betwe5 lov]s1 :]e once  
!re happ5s any cl\d1 dispute or rupture1
 all is lo/4 ,be !n assidu\s to h]1     
complaisant1 gallant ev51 if y w1 b no?+
 m4 ,y und]/& me8  ,s /rongly does woman
 sympa?ize ) ! di/ress & suff]+ ( ^?    
ar\nd h]1 t "u peculi> circum/ances1 %e 
sometimes is c>ri$ to p]=m acts (       
ent]prise & h]oism1 :i* rival !         
a*ievem5ts ( ! ages ( *ivalry4 ,"u !    
impulse ( highly excit$ feel+s1 %e has  
sometimes =gott5 h] inf]iority ( /r5g?1 
& ! dang]s to :i* %e is expos$ by       
collision ) ! rud5ess & r\ghness ( ! out

 ( door _w4 ,on su* occasions1 %e has   
brav$ all ! h>d%ips & labors :i* h      
oppos$ h]1 has cross$ m\nta9s & riv]s1 &
 p5etrat$ alone into ,sib]ian des]ts2 or
 visit$ c\rts & camps1 & importun$      
mon>*s & g5]als1 until %e has accompli%$
 h] humane purposes4 ,h[ int]e/+ is     
,elizabe? to u1 9 ! ,exiles ( ,sib]ia1  
by ,madame ,cott91 :5 %e det]m9es to g  
alone f ! he>t ( ! ,sib]ian des]t1 to   
beg ! ,emp]or = ! lib]ty ( h] exil$     
fa!r2 & h[ mu* m deeply int]e/$ d we    
become 9 ?is tale :5 we "k t x is n only
 f\nd$ on fact1 b t ! real dang]s &     
difficulties :i* ,elizabe? enc\nt]$1 7 (
 su* a "* z to make ,madame ,cott9      
suppose t !y w\ld n be believ$1 if      
fai?fully n>rat$4 ,! deep & ?rill+      
int]e/ excit$ by ! "* ( ,jeannie ,deans1
 9 ! ,he>t ( ,mid ,lo?ian1 is due 9 a   
great measure to h] magnanim\s & h]oic  
resolution1 tak5 "u ! influ5ce ( si/]ly 
love1 to make a j\rney on foot1         
unprotect$ & alone1 f h] fa!r's mansion 
ne> ,ed9burg1 to ,london1 = ! purpose ( 

obta9+ ! p>don ( h] si/]1 & to !        
difficulties1 dang]s & h>d%ips :i* %e is
 repres5t$ z surm\nt+ ) un%ak5 =titude4 
,mrs4 ,jameson 9 h] ,visits & ,sket*es1 
has giv5 u a n>rative ( ! adv5tures (   
,mademoiselle ,ambos1 equal to ^? (     
,elizabe? 9 ! ,exiles ( ,sib]ia1 or to  
^? ( ,jeannie ,deans 9 ! beautiful      
fiction ( ,sir ,walt] ,scott4  ,?is "y  
lady =m$ ! bold & d>+ project ( visit+ !
 c\rt ( ,russia = ! purpose ( obta9+ !  
p>don ( h] bro!r ,h5ri ,ambos1 :o 0     
exil$ to ,sib]ia4 ,%e actually visit$   
,/4 ,pet]sburg alone1--obta9$ aft] a    
triumph ov] ! mo/ appall+ difficulties1 
! p>don ( h] bro!r f ! ,emp]or          
,ni*olas1--& !n "u ! impulse ( ^? ,div9e
 feel+s :i* c exi/ 9 woman's he>t alone1
 %e det]m9$ h]self to be ! be>] ( ! glad
 tid+s :i* w\ld re/ore a lo/ son to a   
brok5 he>t$ "m1 & an affectionate si/]4 
,& ! read] c sc>ce refra9 f dropp+ a te>
 ( sympa?y1 :5 %e receiv$ = answ] to !  
p>don :i* %e _h deliv]$ to ! comm&ant ( 
! =tress1 ) a h& trembl+ ) impati5ce1 & 

joy almo/ too great to be borne1 ,h5ri  
,ambos is dead6--,9 ord] to e/imate !   
h]oism1 ! sublimity ( su* de$s1 we mu/  
call to m9d ! relative positions ( !    
sexes 9 society2 we mu/ recollect !     
weakness1 ! mode/y1 & above all ! %r9k+ 
timidity ( ! female1 be=e we c e/imate !
 dep? ( t feel+ :i* c conqu] all !      
weaknesses ( h] nature1 9 ! execution ( 
h] b5evol5t purposes4  ,ye :o %all      
m>vel1 7says ,byron 9 8 v int]e/+       
description ( ! ,maid ( ,s>agossa17     
,ye :o %all m>vel :5 y he> h] tale1     
,oh6 _h y kn[n h] 9 h] s(t] h\r1        
,m>k'd h] black eye t mocks h] coal     
black veil1     ,he>d h] light1 lively  
tones 9 lady's b[]1     ,se5 h] long    
locks t foil ! pa9t]'s p[]1     ,h]     
fairy =m1 ) m ?an female grace1         
,sc>ce w\ld y deem t ,s>agoza's t[]     
,beheld h] smile 9 dang]'s ,gorgon face1
   ,?9 ! clos$ ranks1 & lead 9 glory's  
fe>ful *ase4  ,! sympa?ies1 ! feel+s (  
woman on su* occasions1 imp>t a c\rage &
 =titude :i* seem to be almo/ !         

inspiration ( heav5 itself2 ! rude      
unc\rte\s _w1 is aw$ into respect &     
admiration by ! =bidd+ dignity ( h]     
demeanor1 & ! fe>less det]m9ation ) :i* 
%e executes h] resolves4 ,:5            
,mademoiselle ,ambos 0 ask$ if %e _h ev]
 met ) insult1 %e said %e _h twice met )
 wick$ m5--b %e felt no al>m1 %e knew h[
 to protect h]self2 & z %e said ?is1    
7says ,mrs4 ,jameson17 h] c\nt5ance     
assum$ an expression :i* %[$ t x 0 n a  
m]e boa/4   ,influ5ce ( ,love4  ,i come 
n[ to ! consid]ation ( ! "* ( ! sexes 9 
relation to a passion1 :i* is "o ( ! mo/
 univ]sal1 p[]ful & int]e/+1 implant$ 9 
! human brea/--! passion ( love4 ,a     
passion :i* has agitat$ alike1 !        
philosoph] & ! poet1 ! nobleman & !     
peasant2 :i* 9 ! language ( ! ,ed9burg  
,review1 has fill$ ! p>sonage h\se )    
*ubby *ildr51 & beats 9 ! brea/ ( !     
,bapti/1 animates ! ,arm9ian1 melts !   
,unit>ian maid1 & /irs up ! moody       
,me?odi/1 to decl>e himself ! ready     
victim ( human love4 ,my limits w n (   

c\rse all[ me to ent] fully into a      
subject ^u :i* s mu* has be5 writt51 & s
 mu* m has be5 felt4 ,! sexes ?r\gh\t ! 
:ole animat$ creation are det]m9$ t[>ds 
ea* o!r by an in/9ct1 & ?is is animal   
love4 ,"u its op]ation b little pref]5ce
 is %[n = individuals1 except 9 ^? cases
 :]e ! jo9t aid ( male & female is      
necess>y to ! re>+ ( ! (fspr+4 ,!re     
nature1 ev] consi/5t ) h]self1 & ) t    
h>moni\s design & beautiful adaptation  
obs]v$ ?r\gh\t ! univ]se1 has e/abli%$ a
 tempor>y union among ! sexes1 simil> to
 m>riage 9 ! human family4 ,b ?is       
connexion seems to be det]m9$ m by !    
op]ation ( m]e in/9ct1 ?an by reason1   
imag9ation1 & ! association ( ideas4 ,) 
man1 love is no d\bt f\nd$ on animal    
in/9ct2 b !n all ! p[]s ( ! human m9d1  
all ! passions ( ! he>t1 all !          
affections & emotions2 9 f9e1 ! :ole    
moral & m5tal ma*9]y ( our nature are   
br\ght to be> on ?is in/9ct1 to fo/] or 
/ifle1 to develope or ext]m9ate x4 ,by  
means ( ! mighty p[] ( imag9ation1 & !  

laws ( association1 su* a complicat$ &  
magnific5t fabric is re>$1 z            
occasionally to obscure & almo/ hide !  
in/9ct mat]ial :i* lies at ! bottom4 ,x 
is "u ! influ5ces ( ^! high] & m exalt$ 
p[]s ( ! m9d1 t ?is passion ( our nature
 is direct$ t[>ds "o object alone1 & t  
all ! _w is s readily =sak5 = !         
possession ( t "o4  ,mo/ ( our desires1 
al?\gh natural1 are det]m9$ z to _!     
p>ticul> direction by ! op]ation (      
circum/ances--take = example ! desire = 
society4 ,!re is no d\bt t ?is is a     
natural in/9ctive desire2 man is c]ta9ly
 a greg>i\s animal2 he delights 9       
int]c\rse ) fell[-man2 solitude is at w>
 ) ! condition ( 8 nature1 & s /rong is 
8 desire = society1 t if man be depriv$ 
( int]c\rse ) man1 he w make companions 
( brutes & reptiles !mselves4 ,horses1  
dogs1 cats1 ev5 spid]s & rats1 h become 
8 v de> associates 9 8 solit>y          
condition4 ,& yet1 "u ! op]ation (      
reason1 imag9ation1 & ! passions1 toge!r
 ) t endless v>iety ( "* :i* we f9d 9 ! 

human family1 ?is desire is direct$ to  
p>ticul> p]sons & p>ticul> circles4 ,we 
may %un ! society ( ,a & ,b--we may c\rt
 t ( ,c & ,d--& inde$1 "u ! v sev]e     
pressure ( calamity1 :5 all our hopes & 
our d>l+ s*emes ( ambition & aggr&izem5t
 are bla/$ =ev]1 by ! p]fidi\s          
ma*9ations & wily projects ( ^? v       
individuals :om we _h fondly call$ our  
fri5ds1 !re is an almo/ irresi/ible     
t5d5cy 9 ! m9d1 at su* a melan*oly      
crisis1 to indulge ! gloomy feel+ (     
misan?ropy1 & plunge into ! dep? (      
solitude1 :]e we may escape ! p]secution
 & trea*]y ( a dissembl+ _w4 ,?us d we  
f9d circum/ances control+1 direct+1 &   
sometimes almo/ ext]m9at+ our natural   
passions & prop5sities4  ,love 9 ! human
 family is em95tly "u ! control (       
circum/ances4 ,! orig9al1 natural       
passion implant$ 9 ! brea/1 may be      
comp>$ to ! common quantities 9         
algebra--x belongs to all4 ,cupid c>es n
 = cre$s1 nor occupations1 nor          
pr(essions2 b ! developm5t ( ! passion1 

"u ! guidance ( reason1 association &   
imag9ation1 assumes z _m %apes z !      
dispositions & intellects ( ! myriads :o
 compose ! human family4 ,9 ! civiliz$  
c\ntries ( ,europe1 & 9 our own1 woman  
has be5 lib]at$ f t /ate ( s]vitude &   
debasem5t1 to :i* ei!r ! condition (    
b>b>ism1 or ! laws ( ,mahomm$anism _h   
too long conf9$ h]4 ,! in/itution (     
*ivalry1 & ! diffusion ( ! humane _s (  
*ri/ianity1 h assign$ h] t /ation 9     
society :i* makes h] 9 ! social circle !
 equal ( man4 ,%e has be5 dis5?rall$ f t
 jeal\sy :i* w\ld quietly immure h] )9 !
 walls ( ! ,s]aglio1 & :i*1 9 attempt+  
to pres]ve h] *a/ity by con/ra9t1       
prev5ts ! developm5t ( m9d1 ext+ui%es ! 
vigor & int5sity ( ! affections1 &      
really 9 ! end1 debau*es ! he>t1 :il/ x 
gu>ds ! p]son4 ,"u a sy/em ( free &     
equal int]c\rse among ! sexes1 love     
assumes a totally diff]5t =m f t :i*    
exi/s 9 society :]e woman is n look$ on 
z ! equal ( man4 ,9 ! =m] case1 %e mu/  
be woo$ & won2 9 ! latt]1 %e is b\ght & 

lock$ up4 ,9 ! =m] case1 %e is all[$ !  
free employm5t ( all h] faculties1 & !  
full play ( all h] graces &             
accompli%m5ts4 ,9 ! latt]1 becom+ !     
slave ( man1 & los+ all ^? high]        
inducem5ts to m5tal & moral excell5ce   
:i* fre$om alone c fo/]1 %e deg5]ates   
into a m]e be+ ( ignorance & s5suality1 
go+ ?r\gh ! dull r\nd ( solely animal   
pleasures1 unatt5d$ by t grace &        
ref9em5t :i* ?r[ s bright a lu/re ar\nd 
! female "*4  ,:5 fre$om ( int]c\rse    
exi/s among ! sexes1 :at is call$       
c\rt%ip1 becomes a long] & m assidu\s   
task to ! g5tlem51 ?an :]e su* fre$om   
does n exi/4 ,! he>t ( woman may be     
lik5$ to ! besieg$ & =tifi$ ca/le4 ,x   
mu/ be regul>ly inve/$2 sl[ly &         
cauti\sly1 or boldly & d>+ly approa*$1  
accord+ to circum/ances4 ,! :ole sci5ce 
( social tactics mu/ be /udi$1 & a      
skilful application made to ! he>t :i*  
is to be won4 ,"u ^! circum/ances1 :5   
all ! affections ( a man's he>t h really
 be5 conc5trat$ ^u "o object1 if he     

possess a ke5 s5sibility & a highly     
wr\ght imag9ation1 ! p]iod ( 8 love & ( 
8 c\rt%ip1 may be ! mo/ important ( 8   
:ole life3 l ! fabl$ w& ( ! magician1 x 
may b wave ov] ! "*1 & *ange ! :ole inn]
 man4 ,ard5t & int5se love is c]ta9ly ! 
ma/] passion ( our nature1 :il/ x exi/s2
 b l all tyrants1 x may reign b = a     
season2 x is liable to de?ronem5t4      
,:il/1 h[ev]1 x is en?ron$1 x conqu]s e 
o!r4 ,ambition1 int]e/1 patriotism1 all 
h yield$ dur+ ! h\r ( its asc5dancy4    
,:il/ ?is passion endures1 x clu/]s     
ar\nd its object all ! de>e/            
associations & fonde/ recollections (   
our life4 ,x is ! _s :i* has only to    
move ov] ! *aos ( our exi/5ce1 & attract
 to itself all ! elem5ts ( our nature4  
,x ent]s ! he>t1 & makes u brood ov]    
dreams ( joy1 & look ) raptur\s gaze &  
supplicat+ eye1    ,to ! bright =m ( our
 idolatr\s wor%ip1    ,^: e ge/ure1     
motion1 look or ^w--    ,l wond]-work+  
secret al*ymy1    ,*anges ea* pass+     
?\ght to vision$ bliss4  ,x mixes itself

 ) all our ?\ghts1 our desires1 our     
hopes & actions4 ,x is ! realization ( !
 fable ( ! fi%1 :i* imp>t$ its own      
beautiful color to e object t approa*$  
x4 ,h[ (t5 :5 we h /ood amid ! lone     
maje/y ( nature's works1 all heav5 above
 & e>? b5ea?1 ) no eye gaz+ on u1 save t
 ( him :o doe? 8 w & rule? 9 ! armies ( 
heav51 h we felt ?is unse5 _s to move )9
 u--to t\*1 z if ) magic h&1 all ! spr+s
 ( our moral s5sibility1 & wak5 up all !
 t5d] emotions ( our s\l4 ,ev5 ) ! pray]
 :i* we address to heav5 f ?is great    
temple ( nature we _c refra9 f m+l+ ! "n
 ( h] ^: beauty & lovel9ess h excit$ )9 
u ! sympa!tic emotions ( virtue & piety4
 ,?is passion ( love1 :5 x is g5u9e1    
accompanies u :]ev] we g2 x associates !
 belov$ object ) all our plans & s*emes 
( ambition1 & ca/s its own bright       
radiance ov] all ! objects :i* surr\nd  
u3    ,x brea!s =? 9 ! song ( joy\s     
birds--    ,9 ! violet hues ( ! broad   
laugh+ heav5s--    ,9 sunlight--9 !     
beams ( radiant />s--    ,9 gu% (       

wat]s--9 ! ev5+ breeze1    ,mak+ its ne/
 amid/ ! p>t+ b\ghs    ,( murmur+       
trees--& oh6 ! mo/ ( all    ,9 h] sweet 
melt+ tones ( t5d]ness1    ,! /eadfa/   
lu/re ( h] gaz+ eye--    ,= all are     
nature's oracles1 & tea*    ,! he>t to  
love4  ,ev5 ! circle ( fri5ds by :i* we 
are surr\nd$1 become associat$ 9 our    
imag9ation ) ! sole object ( our        
affections2 our ta/es are (t5 *ang$1 our
 fri5d%ips alt]$1 our v op9ions &       
incl9ations are sometimes revolutioniz$ 
by ! pot5t b sil5t sway ( t be+ ^:      
beauty & lovel9ess h plac$ u "u ?is     
my/]i\s spell4 ,love l ?is1 t]m9at+ 9   
m>riage1 f\nd$ on reciprocity (         
affection1 mu/ be productive ( ! mo/    
exquisite & ref9$ happ9ess :i* ! frail  
condition ( man w all[ u 9 ?is _w4 ,x is
 su* love z ?is :i* w quickly br+ two   
het]og5e\s be+s to h>monize 9 temp] &   
disposition4 ,x is su* z ?is :i* w tame 
d[n ! f]ocity ( ! tig] & triumph ov] !  
savage _s ( ! hy5a4 ,"u its op]ation !  
corsair has be5 sometimes arre/$ 9 8    

bold c>e]1 ! robb] has be5 re=m$1 & !   
arm ( ! blood?ir/y villa9 has be5 )hold5
 f an infliction ( ! deadly bl[4  ,:51  
h[ev]1 su* love is un=tunate1 & fails to
 w9 its object1 !re comes p]haps "o ( ! 
heavie/ bl[s to :i* mortality is        
subject2 !n does x become necess>y to   
ga!r up ! %att]$ res\rces ( m9d & body  
to )/& ! /orm :i* is ov]:elm+ u )       
calamity4 ,?is is a p]iod fraught )     
inf9ite dang] ev5 to ! "* ( man4 ,at su*
 a "t we seem sudd5ly arre/$ 9 our mid  
c>e] by ! cruel h& ( mis=tune4 ,!       
bright1 ! delusive prospects :i* we     
beheld reflect$ 9 ! mirror ( hope1 h    
sudd5ly disappe>$ f ! m5tal vision4 ,b a
 little :ile ago & we 7 l him :o _h w&]$
 into ! spl5did repository ( ! works (  
art1 illum9$ by ! bright lamp ^: radiant
 light 0 beautifully reflect$ f ! ?\s&  
poli%$ surfaces :i* glitt]$ ar\nd2 n[ we
 are l him 9 t same mazy hall1 ) 8 lamp 
ext+ui%$ & total d>kness ar\nd4  ,! v   
sun ( our moral & social exi/5ce seems  
sudd5ly /ruck f ! heav5s1 & well may we 

9 ! agony ( despair exclaim1 h[ /ale1   
flat1 & unpr(itable is ?is _w to u n[4  
,:5 we w&] abroad1 h[ dismal is !       
prospect :i* lies be=e u4 ,! sun1 & !   
moon ) h] nightly tra91 seem to h lo/ t 
cele/ial _s :i* a little :ile ago _h    
made u gaze ^u !m 9 sil5t & p5sive      
bliss4 ,our homes1 our firesides1 our   
fri5ds h lo/ ! *>m :i* c neutralize woe2
 = a p]iod ! desire = fame & honor is   
lo/1 & ! voice ( ambition is sil5c$ )94 
,look :]e he comes4 ,9 ?is emb[]$ alcove
    ,/& close conceal$ & see a /atue    
move2    ,lips busy & eyes fix$1 foot   
fall+ sl[1    ,arms hang+ idly d[n1 h&s 
clasp$ bel[6    ,t tongue is sil5t n[2 t
 sil5t tongue    ,c\ld argue once1 c\ld 
je/ or jo9 ! song--    ,c\ld give       
advice1 c\ld c5sure or comm5d1    ,or   
*>m ! sorr[s ( a droop+ fri5d4    ,n[   
nei!r heal?y wilds1 nor sc5es z fair    
,z ev] recomp5s$ ! peasant's c>e1       
,nor gales t cat* ! sc5t ( bloom+ groves
    ,& waft x to ! m\rn]1 z he roves1   
,c call up life into 8 fad$ eye1--    ,t

 passes all he sees unhe$$ by4  ,?is    
p]iod ( agony :i* ,i h j describ$ has   
(t5 infus$ ! gall ( bitt]ness into ! cup
 ( life1 turn$ b5evol5ce into           
misan?ropy1 s\r$ ! temp]1 & de/roy$ !   
tranquillity ( exi/5ce4 ,:5 ! %ock has  
come aft] matrimonial engagem5t1 :i* has
 be5 end$ by woman's caprice1 or ! wily 
artifices ( ! mis*ief-mak+ m$dl]1 !n !  
/roke is /ill m dreadful1 & productive (
 effects /ill m m>k$ 9 ! "* ( ! man2 &  
(t5times is ! conduct ( t be+1 :o /&s an
 anomaly 9 ! eyes ( ! _w1 to be trac$   
back to ?is cause4 ,we h se5 an         
individual my/]i\sly settle d[n 9 our   
vic9age1 immure himself 9 8 solit>y     
mansion1 %r9k f ! gaze ( ! _w z f !     
dragon's visage1 & live z ?\gh life 7 a 
burd5 :i* 0 to him insupportable4 ,pry  
into 8 hi/ory1 & y w f9d1 :5 y h trac$ x
 out1 t x 0 ! trea*]y ( h] ^u :om he _h 
lavi%$ all ! affections ( 8 s\l1 :i*    
sep>at$ him f 8 orig9al home & happ9ess4
 ,look aga9--!re is ano!r be+ ^:        
brilliant1 b meteor l c>e]1 al>ms !     

selfi% /atesman & puzzles ! philosoph]4 
,to-day1 li/5+ s5ates are hang+ on 8    
words1 & electrifi$ by ! magic ( 8      
s\l-/irr+ eloqu5ce4 ,to-morr[1 9 !      
social circle1 he displays ^? p[]s (    
fasc9ation & attraction :i* fix ! gaze (
 all on ! play ( 8 features1 :ile !     
brilliancy ( 8 fancy & ! vivid          
corruscations ( 8 wit & intellect1 are  
delight+ all ar\nd ) 8 wond]-work+      
spee*4  ,at times he realizes ! fable ( 
,orpheus2 he draws ! v trees aft] him1  
melts ! he>ts ( /one t are ar\nd him1 & 
makes !m =give ! wrongs :i* he has      
done--!n 8 reason seems to be de?ron$1 !
 v demon ( malice ent]s 8 he>t2 8 %afts 
( calumny transfix alike fri5d & foe1 & 
he trav]ses seas & cont95ts almo/ l !   
delud$ victim ( knight errantry1 impell$
 by a _s :i* urges =w>d ) irresi/ible   
impetuosity1 :il/ x seems to h lo/ its  
de/9ation4 ,! _w /&s amaz$ :il/ ?is     
brilliant meteor is play+ above !       
horizon4 ,"o ascribes 8 c\rse to !      
wayw>dness ( nature1 & calls him a lusus

 natur2 ano!r traces 8 "* to ! diseases 
( ! body2 ano!r tells y he 0 ambiti\s1 &
 t all 8 s*emes ( promotion &           
self-aggr&izem5t 7 wreck$4  ,b g to him 
:o has %>$ 8 confid5ce1 & nurs$ him 9 ! 
h\rs ( 8 mis=tune--to him :o c be/ tell 
y 8 hi/ory1 & he w tell y 8 0 a he>t )  
feel+s z int5se & pure1 z ev] 7 giv5 to 
! he>t ( man2 he w tell y t t he>t p\r$ 
=? ! mighty /ream ( its affections ^u   
ano!r1 & t 8 love1 great z x 01 0       
return$ by t be+1--:5 ! spoil] came1 &  
!n came my/]y1 conv]t+ ! v affections ( 
! he>t into ! scorpions ( ! furies1 & ! 
g>d5 ( ,ed5 into a place ( torm5t1 :i*  
d]ang$ 8 faculties & de/roy$ !          
equilibrium ( 8 m9d2 & t ?us all ^?     
fitful moods :i* puzzle ! _w1 may be    
trac$ back to disappo9t$ love4  ,!      
effects :i* ,i h be5 describ+ z fl[+ f  
disappo9t$ love1 are c]ta9ly ( an       
extreme "*1 happ5+ only 9 ! case ( ard5t
 temp]am5ts1 comb9$ ) a concurr5ce (    
circum/ances :i* g5]ate int5se & all    
absorb+ affection = ! belov$ object4 ,9 

^! cases1 :5 all hope is entirely       
eradicat$1 !re is c]ta9ly a t5d5cy to   
peevi%ness1 fretfulness1 :im1 suspicion 
& misan?ropy2 & aga9/ ^! consequ5ces !  
individual ought always to be on 8 gu>d4
 ,he %\ld n *>ge to ! human race1 or ev5
 to ! :ole sex1 ! vices :i* he ?9ks he  
sees 9 a s+le individual4 ,?is is a case
 9 :i* k9d fri5ds1 especially females1  
may d mu* to soo! & tranquillize ! m9d4 
,wom5 alone seem to h en\gh ( t deep    
disc]nm5t1 nice tact1 & g5]\s sympa?y1  
:i* c adm9i/] consolation to a w\nd$    
he>t & calm ! irritat$ feel+s ( bla/$   
hope4 ,9 ! great majority ( cases h[ev]1
 ! disappo9t$ lov] plunges into !       
bus9ess & sc5es ( active life1 =ms new  
associations & atta*m5ts1 & quickly     
=gets 8 =m] love1 )\t any p]man5t effect
 be+ produc$ on ! "* by m]e             
disappo9tm5t4 ,man 7says ,dr4 ,cogan on 
! passions7 r>ely runs any s]i\s risk f 
disappo9tm5t 9 love4 ,if he h n spe$y   
rec\rse to ! pi/ol or ! rope1 he w      
probably survive ! agonies "u :i* ! s(t]

 sex w gradually p9e & die4  ,i w n[    
exam9e briefly1 a few ( ! effects       
produc$ on ! "* ( ! male1 dur+ ! p]iod (
 c\rt%ip 9 society1 organiz$ z x is 9   
?is c\ntry & ,europe1--& c]ta9ly "o ( ! 
mo/ m>k$ effects1 is ! /r5g!n+ ( vanity 
& ! weak5+ ( pride4 ,z x is ! prov9ce ( 
man to woo & to w91 8 con/ant aim mu/ be
 to r5d] himself agreeable to ! object (
 8 affections4 ,to ga9 h] e/eem1 h]     
approbation1 h] love1 is ! object ( all 
8 ef=ts4 ,n[ ?is is vanity4 ,! pr\de/   
he>t1 ! s\l ( /]ne/ /uff1 by ! op]ation 
( ?is all subdu+ passion ( love1 is made
 to yield--to become a c&idate = !      
praise ( h] ^: affections he s mu*      
covets4 ,9 ?is condition we are all m or
 less l ,petr>*1 :o decl>$ t %e 7,laura7
 0 ! motive & object ( all 8 /udies--t  
he covet$ glory only z x might secure h]
 e/eem--t %e alone _h taught him to     
desire life1 & to lift 8 ?\ghts t[>ds   
heav54 ,9 8 ,conv]sations ) ,/4 ,augu/91
 he ev5 confesses t he 0 m ard5t 9 8    
desire = ! ,laurel ,cr[n1 on acc\nt (   

its aff9ity to ! "n ( ,laura4 ,n[1      
al?\gh ?is vanity seeks ! approbation   
directly ( b "o1 yet z %e is regulat$ by
 ! op9ion ( ! _w1 we quickly f9d x      
necess>y to ga9 ! good op9ion & e/eem ( 
^? ar\nd u1 9 ord]1 by _! means1 to w9 !
 approbation ( ! object ( our           
affections4 ,h5ce1 h[ev] pr\d ! man1    
love & c\rt%ip w 9 ! civiliz$ c\ntries (
 our globe soon infuse a degree (       
vanity1 :i* w temp] 8 ov]we5+ pride &   
make him m social1 m loquaci\s1 m       
att5tive to all ! little c\rtesies (    
life1 & mu* m *e]ful ?an he 0 be=e4 ,9  
all ! ,mahomm$an c\ntries1 :]e woman is 
b\ght & lock$ up1 & ! alt]nately sweet &
 pa9ful solicitudes ( love & c\rt%ip are
 nev] kn[n--h[ pr\d1 h[ taciturn1 h[    
=bidd+1 unsocial & grave1 is ! "* ( man6
 ,9 ,france1 :]e ! influ5ce ( wom5 is v 
great1 h[ entirely opposite is 8 "*2    
!re1 vanity is 8 pr$om9ant trait4       
,montesquieu1 9 8 ,lettres ,p]sannes1   
makes ,usbeck say to ,ibb51 9 a lett] f 
,p>is1 on ! *>act]s ( ! ,fr5* &         

,p]sians1 ,x mu/ be all[$ t ! s]aglio is
 bett] adapt$ = heal? ?an = pleasure4 ,x
 is a dull uni=m k9d ( life1 :]e e ?+   
turns ^u subjection & duty2 _! v        
pleasures are grave1 & _! pa/imes       
solemn2 & !y seldom ta/e !m b z s _m    
tok5s ( au?ority & dep5d5ce4 ,! m5 9    
,p]sia are n s gay z ! ,fr5*2 !re is n t
 fre$om ( m9d & t appe>ance ( cont5t :i*
 ,i meet ) "h 9 p]sons ( all ranks &    
e/ates4 ,x is /ill worse 9 ,turkey1 :]e 
!re are families1 9 :i* f fa!r to son1 n
 "o ( !m ev] laugh$ f ! f\ndation ( !   
mon>*y4 ,n[ ^! pr\d1 taciturn1 grave    
be+s w\ld at once be *ang$1 by giv+ full
 fre$om to ! females1 & r5d]+ x necess>y
 = ea* "o to woo1 to int]e/ & to delight
 h] :om he w\ld make 8 wife4  ,9 fact1  
we h nev] le>n$ s well to "k !          
unappreciable1 ! priceless value ( a    
woman's he>t1 z :5 we h exp]i5c$ ! pa9s 
& ! pleasures1 ! d\bts & hopes1 p]ta9+  
to ! p]iod ( c\rt%ip4 ,!re h be5        
in/ances ( husb&s los+ all affection =  
_! wives 9 ! quietude ( _! possession1 b

 :o 7 sudd5ly r\s$ to ! mo/ torm5t+     
love1 z soon z !y saw t _! cold & brutal
 indiff]5ce _h de/roy$ t affection :i*  
!y once possess$4 ,mrs4 ,jameson1 9 h] v
 int]e/+ description ( ! beauties (     
,*>les #b;d1 tells u t ,lady ,*e/]field1
 ! daught] ( ! ,duke ( ,ormond1 :5 fir/ 
m>ri$ to ,"l ,*e/]field1 receiv$ f him 9
 return = h] own pure1 w>m & innoc5t    
affection1 a neglig5t & frigid          
indiff]5ce1 :i* a/oni%$1 pa9$ &         
humiliat$ h]4 ,f9d+ h[ev] t all h]      
t5d]ness 0 lavi%$ 9 va91 m+l$ pique &   
disgu/ succe$$ to h] fir/ affection &   
admiration3 & 9 ?is condition %e 0      
sudd5ly tak5 by h] husb& to ! ,c\rt (   
,*>les ! #b;d1 :]e1 f a neglect$ wife1  
liv+ 9 privacy & ev5 9 pov]ty1 %e       
sudd5ly became a reign+ beauty4 ,"l     
,*e/]field1 :5 he f\nd 8 *>m+ wife      
univ]sally admir$1 0 "o ( ! fir/ to sigh
 = h]2 & 8 passion rose to su* a height1
 t ca/+ aside ! fe> ( ridicule1 he      
endeavor$ to conv9ce h] by ! mo/ public 
att5tions1 t 8 feel+s t[>ds h] 7        

entirely *ang$4 ,& let ! result be a    
w>n+ to all neglig5t                    
husb&s4--,un=tunately1 says ,mrs4 ,j41 x
 0 n[ too late3 ! he>t he _h w\nd$1     
*ill$ & reject$1 ei!r c\ld n1 or w\ld n 
be recall$2 he f\nd himself slight$ 9 8 
turn1 & treat$ ) ! mo/ provok+ & ! mo/  
det]m9$ coldness4  ,! au?or ( ! ,j\rnal 
( a ,nobleman at ! ,congress ( ,vi5na1  
has giv5 u a /ill m int]e/+ & /rik+     
illu/ration ( ! ass]tion :i* ,i h made1 
9 ! case ( ! ,c\nt & ,c\ntess (         
,plet5burg1 :om he saw 9 ! gay circles (
 ,vi5na dur+ ! p]iod ( ! session ( !    
,holy ,alliance 9 t city4 ,plet5burg _h 
m>ri$1 )\t mu* c\rt%ip or difficulty1 a 
"y & beautiful woman1 = ! purpose (     
secur+ a =tune :i* _h be5 left to him1  
on ! condition t he m>ri$ be=e he 0     
tw5ty-five4 ,he soon plung$ into e k9d (
 debau*]y & dissipation1 conceiv$ !     
greate/ disgu/ = 8 lovely & lov+ wife ( 
sixte5--left h] almo/ brok5 he>t$1 = !  
purpose ( travell+ 9 ,europe1 return$   
aft] "s ye>s1 saw h]1 & saw t %e _h     

ceas$ to love him3 !n he lov$ 9 turn1 & 
lov$ mo/ viol5tly & hopelessly4 ,he is  
?us describ$ by ! au?or ( ! ,j\rnal j   
m5tion$1 :o met ) him at a p>ty ( !     
,c\ntess ,freck's 9 ,vi5na4 ,! poor man 
has become an object ( ridicule by !    
s]vility ( 8 devotion2 always sigh+1 z  
at ! age ( eighte51 &1 z jeal\s z a     
sexag5>ian1 he nev] moves f h] side4 ,he
 is ev] tak+ up h] gloves & h] h&k]*ief1
 & press+ !m to 8 bosom 9 public4 ,b all
 ?is t5ds only to increase ! av]sion he 
has rais$4 ,proscrib$ f ! nuptial b$ :i*
 he _h s long disda9$1 he compla9s ( ?is
 rigor 9 prose1 & lam5ts 8 fate 9 v]se4 
,9 %ort1 8 en?usiasm has become s great1
 t if x cont9ues = any l5g? ( "t1 8     
intellect mu/ become affect$ by x4 ,&   
?us is x t ! dis5?ralm5t ( woman w      
always cause h] to be m respect$ & lov$1
 & by h] influ5ce on man %e w be sure to
 make him m agreeable1 m social1 less   
pr\d4  ,besides ?is1 virtu\s love has a 
t5d5cy to improve ! morals ( man1 to    
increase 8 sympa?ies & call into play   

all 8 mo/ t5d] feel+s4 ,?is moral t5d5cy
 ( love 9 ! male1 arises p>tly f        
imitation ( ! virtues & "* ( h] :om we  
love2 b mo/ly f t exquisite1            
indescribable pleasure1 :i* "o 9 love   
feels1 f ! p]=mance ( ^? acts ( k9dness 
& virtue :i* excite ! gratitude & e/eem 
( ! lady belov$4 ,9 ?is case 8 m9ute1   
t5d] & ev] anticipat+ att5tions to !    
female1 h an effect on man simil> to t  
:i* ,i h describ$ z be+ produc$ on woman
 by ! relation ( "m & *ild4    ,h[ (t ! 
?rill+s ( transport$ joy    ,h /ol5 on !
 he>t1 ) life's w>m tide1    ,:5 %e has 
deign$ ) approbat+ smile    ,to pay !   
ef=t ( ! wi% to please6    ,h[ (t )     
sorr['s ke5 corrod+ pang    ,we've se5  
displeasure cl\d h] beaute\s face6    ,z
 :5 ! sun1 obscur$1 w\ld tea* ! _w    ,!
 value ( 8 g5ial noontide smile4  ,i "k 
( no?+ s well calculat$ to s(t5 ! he>t1 
to smoo? d[n ! asp]ities ( "*1 to excite
 all ! k9dly1 sympa!tic & amiable feel+s
 ( our nature1 z ard5t affection = a    
virtu\s & pi\s female4 ,mr4 ,r&olph 9 8 

lett]s to a relation1 has spok5 ) great 
=ce & propriety ( ?is effect ( virtu\s  
love4  ,s f>1 ,i h be5 describ+ ! nature
 ( man's love1 & ! effects :i* x        
produces on 8 "*4 ,! love ( woman h[ev]1
 is mu* m int]e/+1 & if n m ard5t1 x is 
p]haps m devot$1 m t5d] & m con/ant ?an 
t ( man4 ,man1 says ,irv+1 is ! creature
 ( int]e/ & ambition4 ,8 nature leads   
him =? into ! bu/le & /ruggle ( ! _w4   
,love is b ! embelli%m5t ( 8 e>ly life1 
or a song pip$ 9 ! int]vals ( ! acts4   
,he seeks = fame1 = =tune1 = space 9 !  
_w's ?\ghts1 & dom9ion ov] 8 fell[ m54  
,b a woman's :ole life is ! hi/ory ( !  
affections4 ,! he>t is h] _w2 x is !re  
h] ambition /rives = empire--x is !re h]
 av>ice seeks = hidd5 treasures4 ,%e    
s5ds =? h] sympa?ies on adv5ture2 %e    
emb>ks h] :ole s\l 9 ! traffic (        
affection2 & if %ipwreck$1 h] case is   
hopeless1--= x is a bankruptcy ( ! he>t4
 ,madame de ,/ael tells u t love is b an
 episode 9 ! hi/ory ( man's life1 b x is
 ! s]i\s bus9ess ( a woman's4 ,& a man1 

says ,?omas1 is m to a woman ?an a :ole 
nation4 ,"u ^! circum/ances1 :5 a       
woman's affections h be5 won1 :51 ca/+  
aside all passions1 feel+s1 joys ( e>?1 
save = "o alone1 %e settles d[n1    ,)  
w+s all fold$ & ) sil5t tongue--  to    
brood ov] dreams ( felicity to be enjoy$
 ) him--h[ ov]:elm+1 h[ cru%+ mu/ 8     
trea*]y be1 to h] all confid+ he>t4 ,h] 
bygone dreams ( deep en?rall+ bliss are 
all a mock]y4 ,h] pride is w\nd$1 h]    
mode/y is %ock$4 ,= a "t %e may /ill    
affect gaiety2 %e may travel ! r\t9e (  
app>5t pleasure2 b ! worm is at ! he>t1 
& %e s9ks at la/ a m>tyr to h]          
affections4 ,:]e "o man falls a victim  
to love1 !re are p]haps at lea/ t5 wom54
 ,no wond] !n %e %\ld be m invet]ate 9  
h] antipa?ies & animosities :5 %e has   
once be5 wrong$--:5 once deceiv$ %e     
r>ely =gives4    ,taught to conceal1 !  
bur/+ he>t desponds   ,ov] its idol4    
,& if 'tis lo/1 life ha? no m to br+1   
,& _! rev5ge is z ! tig]'s spr+1        
,deadly1 & quick1 & cru%+2 yet z real   

,torture is !irs--:at !y inflict !y     
feel4  ,b if ! affections ( a woman are 
once fix$ on a man1--s absorb+1 s       
ov]:elm+ d !y become1 t %e w =give ! /a9
 :i* 8 conduct has inflict$ on 8 own    
honor2 %e w =give him = h] own ru92 %e w
 p>don e ?+ 9 f9e1 save ! loss ( 8 love 
= h]4 ,= ?is wrong1 & = ?is alone1 w %e 
conceive ! mo/ bitt] & deadly hatr$ &   
rev5ge4 ,h[ admirably did ,sir ,walt]   
,scott und]/& ?is trait 9 woman's love4 
,:5 9 ! he>t ( ,mid ,lo?ian1 ,effie     
,deans is visit$ 9 prison by h] si/]1 :o
 makes m5tion ( ! be+ :o _h disgrac$ &  
ru9$ h]1 b :o nev]!less lov$ h] & 0     
anxi\s to save h] life1 he makes ,effie 
exclaim1 9 ! ov]fl[+ & =giv+ fulness (  
h] affection1 ,o ,jeannie1 if ye wad d  
good to me at ?is mom5t1 tell me e ^w t 
he said1 & :e!r he 0 sorry = poor ,effie
 or no4 ,a woman 9 ?is situation is     
sometimes l ,antigone 9 ! ,o$ipus--%e   
may become fond ( ! v mis]y :i* %e feels
 = 8 sake4  ,! con/ra9t :i* is put ^u ! 
passion ( love 9 woman1 nurses &        

invigorates x4 ,fe> & mode/y m+le       
inquietude ) h] love1 & d\ble its =ce4  
,! confession ( h] affection is ( itself
 a mighty sacrifice2 b a woman is !n    
only ! m t5d] = ! great sacrifice :i* %e
 has made4 ,! m ! confession has co/ h]1
 ! m fondly does %e love him to :om %e  
has made x4 ,%e atta*es h]self1 says    
,?omas1 by h] sacrifices4 ,virtu\s1 %e  
enjoys h] d5ials2 guilty1 %e glories 9 !
 favors %e be/[s4 ,wom5 !re=e1 :5 love  
is a passion1 are m con/ant ?an m52 b :5
 x is only an appetite !y are m lib]t9e4
 ,= !n !y feel no m ( ^? anxieties1 ^?  
/ruggles1 & t sweet %ame :i* impress$ ! 
delici\s s5tim5t s /rongly on _! he>ts4 
,) :at facility a ,n9on de l',enclos & a
 ,ca!r9e ( ,russia w\ld *ange _! lov]s1 
e body kn[s2 !irs 0 m ( an appetite ?an 
( an affection & s5tim5t1 & :]e ?is is !
 case1 woman's love is m fickle ?an     
man's2 9 e o!r in/ance x is m con/ant & 
fai?ful4  ,i h ?\ght prop]1 9 ?is       
diss]tation1 to speak ( ! effects       
produc$ ^u ! "* ( man dur+ ! p]iod (    

c\rt%ip & love2 & we h se5 t ! effects 9
 8 case are decid$ly b5eficial4 ,i d\bt 
:e!r ! same may be ass]t$ 9 all cases ) 
reg>d to woman4 ,! "t :i* a woman passes
 betwe5 ! p]iod ( h] entrance into      
society & h] m>riage1 is p]haps ! mo/   
important & ! mo/ p]il\s ( h] c>e]4     
,hav+ l$ a previ\s life ( retirem5t &   
comp>ative seclusion1 unacqua9t$ ) !    
wiles & /ratagems ( ! _w--end[$ almo/   
always ) a vivid imag9ation & w>m       
feel+s1 %e comes =? into society )      
buoyant hopes & an animat+ gaiety1 :i*  
?r[ a *>m ov] ! :ole face ( nature1 t   
conceals f view ! sn>es & deceptions ( !
 _w4 ,%e may !n fall a sacrifice to "s  
artful deceiv]1 & suff] ! pangs (       
disappo9tm5t1 :i* ,i h j be5 describ+4#h
 ,or %e may acquire a love ( conque/ 9 !
 w>s ( ,cupid--may become fasc9at$ by ! 
applauses & flatt]y ( ! _w1 until no?+ b
 ! inc5se ( adulation c satisfy h]      
p]v]t$ vanity4 ,?is p]iod1 is "o1 dur+  
:i*1 a woman enjoys m fame1 m worldly   
glory1 ?an dur+ any o!r ( h] life4 ,x is

 n to be wond]$ at !n1 t %e is s        
frequ5tly se5 suppress+ h] feel+s &     
smo!r+ h] affections1 9 ord] t %e may   
protract ?is p]iod ( h] glory &         
reputation4#i ,!re is no?+ m s$uc+1 m   
captivat+ to ! vanity & imag9ation (    
woman1 ?an to see all he>ts en*a9$1 &   
r5d]+ ! will+ homage ( love & admiration
 to h] graces & accompli%m5ts4 ,b %e mu/
 bew>e1 le/ ?is delightful devotion     
implant 9 ! he>t a lu/ = applause &     
notoriety1 at ! sacrifice ( all ! m     
fem99e & lovely virtues4 ,& %e mu/      
recollect too t ! v pa9 ( disappo9tm5t1 
:i* %e is oblig$ to inflict & to witness
 f day to day1 9 h] un=tunate lov]s1 is 
( itself calculat$ to weak5 & obtund h] 
feel+s & sympa?ies1 & to g5]ate coldness
 & h>dness ( he>t4 ,metaphysicians tell 
u t ! active feel+s are /r5g!n$1 b !    
passive are weak5$ by too frequ5t       
repetition--! frequ5t sight ( begg>y1 ( 
dea?1 ( pa9 & mis]y ( e description1 :5 
x is beyond our p[] to adm9i/] relief1  
always t5ds to weak5 our sympa?y & h>d5 

! he>t4 ,n[ !re c be no pa91--no angui% 
m exquisite1 ?an t :i* ! disappo9t$ lov]
 feels 9 ! melan*oly h\r ( 8 rejection2 
& ! woman1 :o witnesses su* sc5es too   
frequ5tly1 may at la/ lose ! g5]\s      
sympa?ies ( h] nature4 ,l ! man ( deep  
feel+s & ke5 s5sibility1 :o ! hi/orian  
in=ms u1 0 at fir/ unwill+ly dragg$ to !
 amphi!atre to witness ! horrid1 !      
revolt+ combats ( ! gladiators1 %e may  
at la/ by repetition s conqu] ! feel+s (
 nature z ev5 to exp]i5ce a savage      
delight 9 ! pa9 & suff]+ ( human        
sacrifice & human woe4  ,footnote #h3 ,x
 is easi] = an artful man :o is n 9     
love1 7says ,addison7 to p]suade 8      
mi/ress he has a passion = h]1 & to     
succe$ 9 8 pursuit1 ?an = "o :o loves ) 
! greate/ viol5ce4 ,true love has t5    
?\s& griefs1 impati5ces & res5tm5ts1 t  
r5d] a man unamiable 9 ! eyes ( ! p]son 
^: affection he solicits3 besides t1 x  
s9ks 8 figure1 gives him fe>s1          
appreh5sions & poorness ( _s1 & (t5     
makes him appe> ridicul\s1 :]e he has a 

m9d to recomm5d himself4  ,footnote #i3 
,a lively ,fr5* writ]1 says ,m>y        
,wol/oncraft1 asks :at bus9ess wom5     
turn$ ( =ty c h 9 ?is _w4  ,be=e leav+  
?is topic1 ,i beg leave to add "o ^w (  
advice to ! gay & fasc9at+ belle1 :o is 
mov+ =w>d 9 h] victori\s c>e]1--conqu]+ 
all he>ts be=e h]1--until1 l ! ,juan (  
,moli]e1 %e may wi% = o!r worlds1 n =   
purposes ( conque/1 l ,alex&]1 b to w9 !
 he>ts ( ^? t inhabit !m4 ,a lady 9 ?is 
situation ought always to be m9dful ( ! 
great influ5ce :i* %e is ex]t+ on ^?    
ar\nd h]4 ,h] lighte/ words are treasur$
 up ) ! fonde/ zeal1 h] v defects are   
sometimes consid]$ z surpass+ beauties4 
,a pr9ciple advocat$ by h]1 no matt] h[ 
errone\s1--a doctr9e advanc$1 no matt]  
h[ false1 is apt to make an impression1 
sometimes deep & indelible1 on !        
susceptible he>ts ( h] admir]s4 ,%e %\ld
 ev] recollect t ! cause ( virtue & (   
piety is peculi>ly h]s2 & :5 %e is walk+
 ! gold5 r\nd ( h] pleasures1 %$d+ h]   
influ5ce on all :o approa* h]1 let h] be

 consci\s to h]self ( no ^w or de$ :i* c
 injure ! sacr$ cause ( morality &      
religion4 ,we all "k ! irresi/ible      
influ5ce ( association4 ,a writ] (      
antiquity said he w\ld r believe        
drunk5ness no vice1 ?an t ,plato c\ld h 
"o4 ,! /utt]+ ( ,ari/otle & ! wry neck (
 ,alex&] 7 admir$ on ! same pr9ciple3 & 
,des ,c>tes1 ! great philosoph]1 decl>$ 
he _h a p>tiality = p]sons :o squ9t$2 & 
he says t 9 8 endeavor to trace ! cause 
( a ta/e s :imsical1 he at la/          
recollect$1 t1 :5 a boy1 he _h be5 fond 
( a girl :o _h t blemi%4 ,i h r>ely kn[n
 a v devot$ lov] :o did n love all !    
peculi>ities & ev5 oddities ( 8 mi/ress4
 ,we are all l ! ,fr5*man1 ^: mi/ress _h
 a twi/$ nose1 ( :i* ! lov] us$ to say1 
,c'e/ au mo9s la plus belle irregul>it  
du monde4 ,h5ce1 = ! v same reason t    
,dr4 ,johnson rem>ks1 if !re is any     
writ] ^: g5ius c embelli% impropriety1  
or ^: au?ority c make error v5]able1 8  
works are ! prop] object (              
criticism1--w\ld ,i say1 t if !re be any

 be+ ^: op9ions & actions =m !          
,glass   ,:]e9 ! noble y\?s d dress     
!mselves1  let su* be+s rememb] ! nature
 & responsibility ( _! /ation1 & manage 
well ! tal5ts :i* are committ$ to _!    
*>ge4 ,i %all = ! pres5t1 pass ov] all  
consid]ation ( ! m>ri$ /ate1 ) ! sole   
rem>k1 t 9 all ages & c\ntries ! wom5   
love m con/antly & m devot$ly 9 t /ate  
?an ! m51 possess+ a m exclusive & m    
engross+ affection1 & t _! errors &     
infidelity h g5]ally be5 ! result1 n !  
cause1 ( ^? ( ! m54 ,h5ce1 ! m att5tive1
 ! m s$ul\sly t5d] & k9d ! husb& is1 ! m
 virtu\s1 affectionate & fai?ful ! wife 
becomes4 ,all ov] ! _w1 ! woman :o      
m>ries f love1 covets1 beyond e ?+ else1
 ! entire affections ( h] husb&4 ,he is 
all 9 all to h]1--& x w be only 8       
indiff]5ce & infidelity :i* w ev]       
ali5ate h] affections2 !n1 9 ! _s (     
*agr9 & mortification1 may %e bewail h] 
lot1 9 ! language ( ,dryd53             
,curs$ vassalage1   ,fir/ idoliz$ till  
love's hot fire be o'er1   ,!n slaves to

 ^? :o c\rt$ u be=e4       ,= ! ,s\!rn  
,lit]>y ,mess5g]4  ,,danc+1 ,,waltz+1 c4
  ,j'ai t\j\rs cru que le bon n'etait   
que le beau mis en action4--,r\sseau4   
,amid ! v>i\s *anges 9 ! cu/oms &       
fa%ions ( society1 ! abolition ( old1 & 
! introduction ( new modes1 :i* an age  
prolific 9 intellig5t & important       
improvem5t has effect$1 x is matt] (    
surprise1 t "s ( ! eng9es ( re=m1 "s ( !
 batt]ies ( satire1 h nev] be5 unmask$  
^u ! crude & b>b>\s fa%ion ( danc+4 ,/>t
 n1 g5tle read]1 :5 ,i say b>b>\s       
fa%ion1 = su* danc+ unque/ionably is4   
,its v orig9 is b>b>\s4 ,9 a rude /ate1 
:5 ! untutor$ savage is agitat$ by any  
/rong emotion1 z joy1 patriotism1       
admiration1 c41 8 fir/ impulse is to    
cap] & skip ab\t l a gras%opp]4 ,among !
 records ( ! cu/oms & mann]s ( ! mo/    
poli%$ & civiliz$ nations ( antiquity1  
we seek 9 va9 = ! importance &          
admiration :i* atta*es to ?is miscall$  
accompli%m5t at ! pres5t day4 ,!        
,romans1 p]haps ! mo/ accompli%$ &      

polite ( ! anci5ts1 held ! art 9 v l[   
e/eem4 ,inde$ we f9d ,cic]o /riv+ ) all 
! =ce ( 8 mat*less eloqu5ce1 to v9dicate
 8 fri5d ,murna f ! *>ge ( be+ a danc]1 
pref]r$ aga9/ him by ,cato4 ,s consci\s 
is he ( ! weight ( ! imputation1 t he   
makes x ! subject ( "o bran* ( 8 def5ce1
 &1 9 a digression1 rec\nts ! brilliant 
s]vices & devot$ patriotism ( 8 cli5t's 
ance/ors1 to disc\nt5ance a *>ge affect+
 s s]i\sly1 ! value & dignity ( 8 "*4   
,tempe/ivi convivii1 amni loci1         
,mult>um delici>um1 comes e/ extrema    
saltatio4  ,! ,greeks1 we are told1 held
 ! art ( danc+ 9 high] e/imation1 & x is
 said1 consid]$ graceful danc+ "o ( !   
necess>y con/itu5ts to ! "* ( an        
accompli%$ g5tleman2 b ! v ^w1 & inde$ !
 only "o us$ by !m to express ! motion1 
,greek3 or*sis1 signifi$ mimicry2 pla9ly
 intimat+ its d]ivation f ! buffoons &  
je/]s ( ! /age1 & consequ5tly x nev]    
c\ld h _h mu* popul>ity 9 _! m ref9$ &  
elegant circles4 ,z a religi\s rite x 0 
9 use1 x seems1 among ! anci5t ,jews1 & 

9 celebration ( ! wor%ip ( ! hea!n      
deities ( ,greece & ,rome1 we f9d x only
 practis$ 9 ! orgies ( ,bac*us1 a fact (
 itself suffici5t to m>k x z a lewd1    
lic5ti\s & vulg> pa/ime4 ,x 0 a favorite
 amusem5t ( ! anci5t ,scy?ians1 !       
,*9ese1 ! ,go?s1 ! ,v&als1 ! ,p]sians1 &
 o!r b>b>\s nations ( antiquity1 & is   
yet 9 practice among ! mod]n ,fr5* &    
,italians1 :o1 fir/ introduc+ x 9       
!atrical amusem5ts1 & !n hav+ c>ri$ !   
art to great p]fection1 h n[ transplant$
 x to ! fa%ionable circles ( dome/ic    
society4 ,b x is r 9 ref]5ce to its     
effects ^u ! pres5t con/itution (       
society1 & its awkw>d adaptation to !   
*a/5$ simplicity ( ! republican "*1 t ,i
 propose to consid] danc+1 ?an 9 reg>d  
to its e/imation among ! anci5ts4       
,excell5ce 9 national dances1 z su*1 may
 des]v$ly be rank$ among ! highe/ ef=ts 
( skill & grace4 ,we discov] mu*        
elegance1 c]ta9ly1 9 ! easy & graceful  
evolutions ( ! ,spani% waltz4 ,!re is a 
*>m+ vivacity 9 ! romp+ gaiety ( ! ,fr5*

 gallopade2 & ev5 ! ori5tal maz\rka1 is 
n devoid ( a c]ta9 graceful beauty4 ,b  
!y d]ive _! int]e/ f ! national &       
hi/orical associations connect$ ) !m4   
,we see ! haughty ,spani>d1 pr\d inde$1 
b pliant1 aptly pictur$ 9 ! my/]i\s     
intricacy ( ! mazy waltz4 ,! lively     
gallop pres5ts to our m9d at once1 !    
reckless non*alance & *ivalr\s gaiety ( 
! ,fr5*man2 & ?us ^! dances come to u z 
fai?ful types ( _! national orig94 ,b :y
 may we n be cont5t to witness ?is      
del9eation ( national *>act]i/ics ^u our
 !atrical bo>ds8 ,:y %\ld we take !m f  
_! appropriate sph]e1 & introduce !m to 
! frivol\s & undignifi$ imitation ( !   
polite & ref9$8 ,i d n "k a sc5e m      
fai?fully descriptive ( rude1 boi/]\s1 &
 unbecom+ m]rim5t1 ?an an ,am]ican ball 
room4 ,place y\r h&s ^u y\r e>s1 & look 
d[n ! hall4 ,y w see ! mo/ unmean+      
grimaces--! mo/ ridicul\s contortions ( 
body 9 "o qu>t]--:ile ano!r view pres5ts
 to y ! unwelcome picture ( man1 lordly 
man1 fall5 f 8 high e/ate1 & go+ ?r\gh !

 labori\s op]ations ( ! dance1 ) !      
f>cical solemnity ( a monk1 or ! cl[ni% 
rapture ( a m\ntebank4 ,p may say :at !y
 please1 ab\t ^? only oppos+ ?is cap]+  
vice1 :o _c dance !mselves4 ,!y may tell
 u1 t ,"l ,byron wrote 8 fretful satire 
^u waltz+1 because 8 lord%ip c\ld n     
p>ticipate 9 t fa%ionable dance1 ow+ to 
8 club foot4 ,!y may prea*1 t ! ignorant
 alone compla9 ( ^? accompli%m5ts :i* !y
 _c atta9 !mselves2 t ! dances 9        
practice1 f "t immemorial1 among our    
ance/ors1 7 equally objectionable z ^?  
we n[ adopt & admire1 :i* c]ta9 bold    
critics1 go+ beyond _! prov9ce1 d>e to  
d5\nce z dang]\s innovations1 savor+ (  
=eign modes & mann]s1 lic5ti\s &        
demoraliz+4 ,all ?is w n d1 ,mr4        
,editor4 ,danc+ is dang]\s1 & ! waltz   
especially3 & a virtu\s & intellig5t    
community w unite1 ,i feel assur$1 to   
fr[n ^! vici\s amusem5ts out ( society1 
& consign !m to ! b>b>\s regions :5ce !y
 7 s irrev]5tly introduc$ among u4  ,?is
 mania = danc+1 waltz+1 c41 is ! bane ( 

e social circle4 ,d y g to pass ! ev5+  
sociably ) y\r fri5d1 :]e y h a vague   
in/9ctive idea y w meet ! pretty        
creature y pass$ 9 ! /reet1 on !        
,?ursday previ\s--y w ent]--y\r fonde/  
anticipations are realiz$--y draw y\r   
*air t[>ds h]1 & fall into a *>m+       
tete-a-tete1 ) ! de> object = :om y     
already conceive a nasc5t passion--:o   
has made y lose a :ole week's sleep1    
break y\r mirror1 te> y\r black silk    
bonnet de nuit into fragm5ts1 & kick y\r
 fai?ful valet de *ambre d[n /airs1     
because y\r laundress has fail$ to imp>t
 ! due degree ( rigidity to y\r coll>   
l954 ,n[ y promise y\rself a full       
indemnity = all ! contre-temps ( ! pa/  
week--y are j arrang+ a mo/ pleasant    
excursion ) ! lady ! next aft]noon1 :51 
alas6 ! vanity ( human hopes6 an        
imp]t95t coxcomb1 ^: only m]it consi/s 9
 a well arrang$ dress & capaci\s :isk]s1
 dem&s ! honor ( ! lady's h& = ! next   
waltz4 ,odi\s1 dete/$ waltz6 ,y h too   
mu* ta/e to dance y\rself3 y\r          

inamorata1 h[ev]1 mu/ yield to !        
unrel5t+ tyranny ( fa%ion1 & y are left 
9 a po/ure ( amiable ab/raction1 mus+ on
 ! provok+ sc5e enact+ be=e y4 ,to sit  
quietly & await ! t]m9ation ( ! dance1  
might n be an unatta9able ef=t (        
pati5ce2 b to see h] p>tn]'s place      
suppli$ aga9 & aga9--y take leave ( hope
 & ! company toge!r1 & pass ! next week 
to ! manife/ infr+em5t ( y\r own peace (
 m9d1 & y\r a=esaid ill-fat$ valet's    
physical com=ts4  ,n[1 ,mr4 ,mess5g]1 ,i
 take y to be a s5sible & discreet man1 
anxi\s = ! purity ( public ta/e1 & ev]  
vigilant to rid society ( all nuisances2
 ,i d\bt n1 !re=e1 t ,i %all f9d 9 y1 an
 able & will+ coadjutor 9 ! rem$y ,i    
propose to apply1 = ! extirpation ( ?is 
unspeakable annoyance2 & ,i hope !      
undignifi$1 graceless1 danc+ frat]nity1 
aye1 & si/]hood too1 7= sorry am ,i to  
say1 ! ladies are ! mo/ untir+ patrons (
 ?is cap]+ vice17 w take ! h9t =?)4 ,i  
propose1 ?r\gh ! ,mess5g]1 to give to ! 
public ! result ( my be/ labors to      

eradicate ?is odi\s practice f society4 
,i "k n if my ef=ts w ev] receive _!    
des]v$ rew>d4 ,! public is an ungrateful
 ma/]1 & ev] incr$ul\s & unc\rte\s :5 y 
propose to re=m him4 ,x is n1 h[ev]1 !  
"p ( a philan?ropi/ & re=m]1 to abate 8 
ef=ts on t acc\nt4 ,immortality w be !  
price ( success1 & po/]ity w pay x4 ,_h 
,columbus ab&on$ 8 attempts to explore !
 we/]n ma91 because bigot$ & ignorant   
mon>*s w\ld n accept ! _w he (f]$ !m1 we
 might n[ h be5 ! wret*$ subjects ( "s  
,european despot in/ead ( ! c\ntrym5 (  
,wa%+ton1 "u a gov]nm5t ( equal laws1 & 
9 a l& ( lib]ty4  ,on a visit a few     
ev5+s ago1 to a maid5 aunt1 ,i 0 glad to
 f9d1 t among ! ladies assembl$ on !    
occasion1 ! utmo/ unanimity prevail$ z  
to ! importance & utility ( ! propos$   
re=m4 ,miss ,betsy ,bloomev] decl>$ x   
w\ld be "o ( ! mo/ ext5sively b5eficial 
re=mations :i* ! _w has witness$1 s9ce !
 proscription ( hoops1 /ays1 & /oma*]s4 
,miss ,debby ,creaktone pron\nc$ x a m  
important revolution ?an t a*iev$ by    

,signor9a ,g>cia1 9 ! musical /yle ( !  
,am]ican vocali/s2 & ,miss ,judi?       
,kn[ell said1 t 9 h] e/imation1 7& %e 0 
a ,prote/ant ,episcopalian1 %e add$17   
,lu!r's re=mation w\ld s9k to           
insignificance be=e x4  ,y c imag9e my  
gratification1 ,mr4 ,mess5g]1 at s      
num]\s & s respectable an accession to  
my op9ions2 a fact ^u :i* ,i c\ld n =be>
 to felicitate myself1 to ,miss         
,sophronisba ,grundy1 add+1 t ,i 0      
confid5t my ex]tions w\ld n[ be duly    
appreciat$ by an enlight5$ public1 :5 x 
%\ld be appris$1 t ,i 0 aid$ 9 my labors
 by ladies1 f ^: age & exp]i5ce1 s mu*  
might be expect$1 :5----conceive my     
a/oni%m5t1 ! :ole gr\p rose ^u me1 )    
unanim\s rage2 & decl>$ x 0 a positive  
insult--  ,age & exp]i5ce inde$6 humph6 
,call me old at ?irty-five6 scream$     
,miss ,deborah4  ,& me1 at =ty--only    
five ye>s m6 %\t$ ,miss ,betsy4  ,& ,i1 
said ,miss ,judi?1 scornfully1 t w let y
 "k1 ,sir1 ,i %all n be ?irty-five till 
! #bi? day ( ,june next4  ,impud5ce6    

said ,miss ,primrose4  ,insult6 e*o$    
,miss ,grundy4  ,9 %ort1 ,i f\nd x      
impossible1 ,mr4 ,mess5g]1 to compose ! 
tr\bl$ elem5ts1 ?us innoc5tly put 9     
motion1 & 0 =c$ to retire4 ,all my      
attempts at expo/ulation & entreaty1 be+
 ov]borne & sil5c$ by ! volume ( voice &
 clamor s5t aft] me--my aunt ev5        
intimat+ to me1 at ! hall door1 t ,i mu/
 n visit h] h\se1 unless ,i c\ld bett]  
e/imate ! feel+s ( h] fri5ds1 :o c]ta9ly
 _h mu* cause to compla9 ( my wanton    
outrage ^u !m4  ,i 0 electrifi$--0      
a/\nd$--& toss$ on my pill[ ! :ole      
night1 va9ly labor+ to unravel !        
inexplicable problem4 ,t ladies ( su*   
seem+ propriety1 %\ld ev9ce su* passion 
at an allusion to t to :i* ,i consid]$  
!m alone indebt$1 = any consequ5ce !y   
might h 9 ! _w1 0 m ?an my philosophy   
c\ld e/imate1 or my +5uity expla94  ,z  
"s comp5sation1 h[ev]1 = ! defection (  
^! "y ladies ) delicate feel+s1 ,i am   
rejoic$ to f9d t ! sex c appreciate my  
ex]tions 9 ! cause ( elegance &         

ref9em5t1 & are det]m9$ to aid me 9 my  
patriotic labors4 ,la/ ev5+ ! p5ny po/  
br\ght me ! two foll[+ lett]s1 on !     
subject ( ! great re=mation ( mann]s 9  
:i* we are engag$2 & z !y /r5g!n my     
op9ions ) great =ce ( argum5t1 ,i am    
unwill+ to suppress !m1 & beg leave y w 
give !m at once to ! de> public1 ^:     
welf>e ,i h s mu* at he>t4 ,) ! k9d & v 
welcome invitation conta9$ 9 ! fir/1 ,i 
%all c]ta9ly comply1 & hope ere long1 to
 give y ! result ( ! delib]ations ( a   
body1 f ^: wisdom1 7,i w n say age or   
exp]i5ce17 s mu* may be ju/ly expect$2 &
 9 ! mean :ile1 ,i am v fai?fully1 y\rs 
& ! public's de> fri5d1  ,,an?ony       
,,absolute4   ,mr4 ,absolute3  ,i am    
secret>y to ! ,society ( ,"y ,ladies = !
 suppression ( vulg> practices1 & !     
promotion ( elegance & g5tility among "y
 m51 & am direct$ by a resolution ( !   
,society1 at its la/ meet+ 9 ,quality   
,hall1 to convey to y ! assurance ( _!  
he>ty good w & ready co-op]ation1 9 y\r 
philan?ropic ef=ts 9 ! danc+ re=mation4 

,our society has long deplor$ ! abs5ce (
 "s effici5t & active measures = !      
suppression ( a practice s d]ogatory to 
! dignifi$ gr&eur ( ! human =m & "*1 &  
congratulate !mselves & _! co-labor]s 9 
! same cause1 ^u ! highly important &   
gratify+ results1 :i* y\r b5efic5t zeal 
& en]gy promise4 ,!y h ev] s9ce !       
=mation ( _! society1 reg>d$ ! practice 
( danc+--( waltz+ p>ticul>ly1 &         
especially 9 private circles--z s]i\sly 
ob/ructive to t m>* ( m9d1 :i* is       
else:]e effect+ su* important           
improvem5ts 9 ! dome/ic economy & weal? 
( nations2 & hail ) delight$ en?usiasm !
 dawn ( a bright] & bett] p]iod1 9 our  
belov$ c\ntry4 ,an anti-danc+ clause is 
f\nd 9 ! con/itution ( our society4 ,our
 memb]s h all ab&on$ ! cu/om v long ago2
 inde$1 our presid5t1 among ! olde/ (   
our numb]1 be+ ne>ly sixty ye>s ( age1  
says1 t at ! la/ danc+ p>ty %e att5d$1  
%e saw ,g5]al ,wa%+ton dance a m9uet )  
h] aunt ,fanny4 ,!re 01 %e says1 s mu*  
/ately grace 9 t dance1 t %e w\ld n     

object to see+ m9uets danc$ always2 b   
no?+ else4 ,we all agree 9 unanim\s     
condemnation ( ! rapid1 :irl+1 graceless
 waltzes1 hops1 gallops1 & all ^?       
,fr5*ifi$ follies1 :i* are n[1 alas6 by 
! deprav$ ta/e ( ! day1 consid]$ s      
fa%ionable4  ,pray d n sp>e any pa9s to 
wipe (f ?is dreadful /a9 ^u our dome/ic 
cu/oms & mann]s1 & let n danc+ be any   
long] urg$ aga9/ u z a national reproa*4
 ,! next meet+ ( our society w be held  
on ! aft]noon ( ?is day week1 :5 ,i am  
direct$ to invite y\r att5dance4 ,pray d
 n fail to come & give u y\r aid 9 work+
 ! spe$y extirm9ation ( ?is great vice f
 among u4 ,&1 9 ! meantime1 wi%+ y      
p]fect success 9 y\r virtu\s labors1 ,i 
rema9 y\r fri5d1 9 ! sympa?y :i* unites 
! advocates ( a common cause4  ,,c>ol9e 
,,camfield1 ,secret>y4   ,mr4 ,absolute3
  ,he>+ ( y\r int5d$ ef=ts1 by a s]ies (
 essays1 & by =m+ societies ?r\gh\t !   
c\ntry1 to draw ! public att5tion to !  
demoraliz+ t5d5cy & intr9sic ung5tility 
( danc+1 ,i _c =be> to wi% y entire     

success1 9 a re=mation fraught ) ! be/  
int]e/s ( society4  ,i am a "y lady (   
respectable connexions1 ( "s read+1 m   
prop]ty1 &1 unless my glass plays me    
false1 ( a p]son q agreeable4 ,) y\? &  
^! advantages1 "o w\ld ?9k ,i c\ld get  
along v well among ! patrons ( danc+2 b 
y mu/ "k ,i nev] c\ld dance fa%ionably1 
& z no body dances o!rwise1 ! consequ5ce
 is1 t ,i g to p>ty aft] p>ty1 & nev]   
dance at all4 ,pa s5t me to ! danc+     
s*ool almo/ a :ole qu>t]1 b ,i _h h>dly 
9 t "t le>n$ m ?an ! positions1 :5 our  
ma/] dislocat$ 8 ankle jo9t 9 tea*+ "o (
 ! s*ol>s 7a fat ,dut* girl f !         
m\nta9s17 ! ,fr5* gallopade1 & s9ce !n1 
we h nev] got ano!r "o 9 our            
neighborhood4 ,h[ mu* m sociable x is to
 pass ! ev5+ 9 agreeable conv]sation1 9 
:i* all c p>ticipate1 ?an by danc+1 to  
gratify "o "p ( ! company at ! exp5se ( 
! o!r4  ,"l ,*e/]field1 7^: lett]s ,i h 
sometimes read17 advises 8 son nev] to  
play on any musical in/rum5t4 ,x is an  
accompli%m5t1 he says1 ( ! necessit\s or

 vulg>4 ,if he wants to he> music1 he   
directs him to s5d = a pr(ess$ p]=m]1 & 
pay him = 8 s]vices4 ,?us ought x be 9  
reg>d to danc+4 ,conf9e x to ! circus or
 !atre1 & society w n be annoy$ by !    
practice4 ,until ?is is done1 rely ^u x1
 ,mr4 ,absolute1 none ( y\r disciples w 
d m to drive x f ! poli%$ circles (     
dome/ic society1 ?an y\r ob$i5t s]vant1 
,,sally ,,sob]ly4       ,= ! ,s\!rn     
,lit]>y ,mess5g]4  ,,lion-,,iz+4 ,a     
,,tale4  ,,by ,,edg> ,a4 ,,poe4         
------------all p w5t   ,^u _! t5 toes 9
 wild wond]m5t4                         
,bi%op ,hall's ,satires4   ,i am--t is  
to say1 ,i 01 a great man4 ,b ,i am     
nei!r ! au?or ( ,junius1 nor ! man 9 !  
mask--= my "n is ,?omas ,smi?1 & ,i 0   
born some:]e 9 ! city ( ,fum-,fudge4 ,! 
fir/ action ( my life 0 ! tak+ hold ( my
 nose ) bo? h&s4 ,my "m saw ?is & call$ 
me a g5ius4 ,my fa!r wept = joy1 & b\ght
 me a treatise on ,nosology4 ,be=e ,i 0 
bree*$ ,i _h n only ma/]$ ! treatise1 b 
_h collect$ into a common-place book all

 t is said on ! subject1 by ,pl9y1      
,ari/otle1 ,alex&] ,ross1 ,m9utius      
,felix1 ,h]manus ,pictorius1 ,del ,rio1 
,vill>t1 ,b>?ol9us1 & ,sir ,?omas       
,br[ne4  ,i n[ began to feel my way 9 ! 
sci5ce1 & soon came to und]/&1 t1       
provid$ a man _h a nose suffici5tly big1
 he might1 by m]ely foll[+ x1 arrive at 
a ,lion%ip4 ,b my att5tion 0 n conf9$ to
 !ories alone4 ,e morn+ ,i took a dram  
or two1 & gave my proboscis a c\ple (   
pulls4 ,:5 ,i came ( age my fa!r s5t =  
me to 8 /udy4  ',my son'--said he--':at 
is ! *ief end ( y\r exi/5ce8'           
',fa!r'--,i said--'x is ! /udy (        
,nosology4'  ',& :at1 ,?omas'--he       
cont9u$--'is ,nosology8'  ',sir'--,i    
repli$--'x is ! ,sci5ce ( ,noses4'  ',& 
c y tell me'--he ask$--':at is ! mean+ (
 a nose8'  ',a nose1 my fa!r'--said     
,i--'has be5 v>i\sly def9$1 by ab\t a   
?\s& diff]5t au?ors4 ,x is n[ noon1 or  
!reab\ts4 ,we %all !re=e h "t en\gh to  
get ?r\gh ) !m all by midnight4 ,to     
comm5ce3--,! nose1 accord+ to ,b>?ol9us1

 is t protub]ance1 t bump1 t excresc5ce1
 t'----  ',t w d ,?omas'--said my fa!r4 
',i am positively ?und]/ruck at ! ext5t 
( y\r in=mation--,i am1 ^u my s\l4 ,come
 "h6 7& he took me by ! arm47 ,y\r      
education may be consid]$ z f9i%$1 & x  
is high "t y %\ld scuffle =             
y\rself--s--s--s 7"h he kick$ me d[n    
/airs & out ( ! door17 s get out ( my   
h\se1 & ,god bless y6'  ,z ,i felt )9 me
 ! div9e afflatus1 ,i consid]$ ?is      
accid5t r =tunate ?an o!rwise1 & det]m9$
 to foll[ my nose4 ,s ,i gave x a pull  
or two1 & wrote a pamphlet on ,nosology4
 ,all ,fum-,fudge 0 9 an upro>4         
',wond]ful g5ius6'--said ! ,qu>t]ly4    
',sup]b physiologi/6'--said ! ,new      
,mon?ly4  ',f9e writ]6'--said !         
,ed9burg4  ',great man6'--said          
,blackwood4  ',:o c he be8'--said ,mrs4 
,bas-,bleu4  ',:at c he be8'--said big  
,miss ,bas-,bleu4  ',:]e c he be8'--said
 little ,miss ,bas-,bleu4  ,b ,i paid !m
 no mann] ( att5tion1 & walk$ into ! %op
 ( an arti/4  ,! ,du*ess ( ,bless-my-s\l

 0 sitt+ = h] portrait4 ,! ,m>*ioness ( 
,s-&-s 0 hold+ ! ,du*ess's poodle4 ,!   
,e>l ( ,?is-&-t 0 flirt+ ) h] salts1 &  
,8 ,royal ,highness ( ,t\*-me-n 0 /&+   
beh9d h] *air4 ,i m]ely walk$ t[>ds !   
arti/1 & held up my proboscis4  ',o     
beautiful6'--sigh$ ! ,du*ess (          
,bless-my-s\l4  ',o pretty6'--lisp$ !   
,m>*ioness ( ,s-&-s4                    
',horrible6'--groan$ ! ,e>l ( ,?is-&-t4 
',abom9able6'--gr[l$ 8 ,highness (      
,t\*-me-n4  ',:at w y take = x8'--said !
 arti/4  ',a ?\s& p\nds'--said ,i1 sitt+
 d[n4  ',a ?\s& p\nds8'--he inquir$1    
turn+ ! nose to ! light4                
',precisely'--said ,i4                  
',beautiful6'--said he1 look+ at ! nose4
  ',a ?\s& p\nds'--said ,i1 twi/+ x to  
"o side4  ',admirable6'--said he4  ',a  
?\s& p\nds'--said ,i4  ',y %all h       
!m'-said he--':at a piece ( ,virt6' ,s  
he paid me ! money1 & made a sket* ( my 
nose4 ,i took rooms 9 ,j]myn /reet1 s5t 
8 ,maje/y ! n9ety-n9? edition ( !       
,nosology ) a portrait ( ! au?or1 & 8   

,royal ,highness ( ,t\*-me-n invit$ me  
to d9n]4  ,we 7 all ,lions & ,re*]*s4   
,!re 0 a ,gr& ,turk f ,/amb\l4 ,he said 
t ! angels 7 horses1 cocks1 & bulls--t  
somebody 9 ! six? heav5 _h sev5ty ?\s&  
heads & sev5ty ?\s& tongues--& t ! e>? 0
 held up by a sky-blue c[ ) f\r hundr$  
horns4  ,!re 0 ,sir ,positive ,p>adox4  
,he said t all fools 7 philosoph]s1 &   
all philosoph]s 7 fools4  ,!re 0 a writ]
 on ,e?ics4 ,he talk$ ( ,fire1 ,unity1 &
 ,atoms--,bi-"p1 & ,pre-exi/5t          
s\l--,aff9ity & ,discord--,primitive    
,intellig5ce & ,homoom]ia4  ,!re 0      
,!ologos ,!ology4 ,he talk$ ( ,eusebius 
& ,arianus--,h]esy & ! ,c\ncil (        
,nice--,consub/antialism1 ,hom\sios1 &  
,hom\ioisios4  ,!re 0 ,fricasse f !     
,ro*] de ,cancale4 ,he m5tion$ ,lat\r1  
,m>kbrunn5 & ,m>es*9o--,muriton ( r$    
tongue1 & ,caulifl[]s ) ,vel\t          
sauce--veal  la ,/4 ,m5eh\lt1 ,m>9ade   
la ,/4 ,flor5t91 & orange jellies en    
mosaiques4  ,!re 0 ,signor ,t9tont9t9o f
 ,flor5ce4 ,he spoke ( ,cimabue1 ,arp9o1

 ,c>paccio1 & ,argo/9o--! gloom (       
,c>avaggio--! am5ity ( ,albano--! gold5 
glories ( ,titian--! fr[s ( ,rub5s1 & ! 
wagg]ies ( ,jan ,/e54  ,!re 0 ! great   
,geologi/ ,feltzp>4 ,he talk$ (         
,hornbl5de1 ,mica-slate1 ,qu>tz1 ,s*i/1 
,s*orl1 & ,pudd+-/one4  ,!re 0 !        
,presid5t ( ! ,fum-,fudge ,univ]sity4   
,he said t ! moon 0 call$ ,b5dis 9      
,?race1 ,buba/is 9 ,egypt1 ,dian 9      
,rome1 & ,artemis 9 ,greece4  ,!re 0    
,delph9us ,polyglot4 ,he told u :at _h  
become ( ! eighty-?ree lo/ trag$ies (   
s*ylus--( ! fifty-f\r orations ( ,isu--(
 ! ?ree hundr$ & n9ety-"o spee*es (     
,lysias--( ! hundr$ & eighty treatises (
 ,!ophra/us--( ! eigh? book ( ! ,conic  
,sections ( ,apollonius--( ,p9d>'s      
,hymns & ,di?yrambics1 & ! five & =ty   
,trag$ies ( ,hom] ,junior4  ,!re 0 a    
mod]n ,platoni/4 ,he quot$ ,porphyry1   
,iambli*us1 ,plot9us1 ,proclus1         
,hi]ocles1 ,maximus1 ,tyrius1 &         
,syrianus4  ,!re 0 a human-p]fectibility
 man4 ,he quot$ ,turgot1 ,price1        

,prie/ly1 ,condorcet1 ,de ,/al1 & !     
,ambiti\s ,/ud5t 9 r ill heal?4  ,!re 0 
myself4 ,i talk$ ( ,pictorius1 ,del     
,rio1 ,alex&] ,ross1 ,m9utius ,felix1   
,b>?ol9us1 ,sir ,?os4 ,br[ne1 & !       
,sci5ce ( ,noses4  ',m>vell\s clev]     
man6'--said 8 ,highness4                
',sup]b6'--said ! gue/s3 & ! next morn+ 
h] ,grace ( ,bless-my-s\l paid me a     
visit4  ',w y g to ,almacks1 pretty     
creature8' %e said4  ',c]ta9ly'--said   
,i4 ',nose & all8'--%e ask$4            
',positively'--,i repli$4  ',"h !n is a 
c>d'--%e said--'%all ,i say y w be !re8'
  ',de> ,du*ess6 ) all my he>t4'        
',p%aw6 no--b ) all y\r nose8'  ',e bit 
( x1 my life1'--said ,i4 ,s ,i gave x a 
pull or two1 & f\nd myself at ,almacks4 
,! rooms 7 cr[d$ to suffocation4  ',he  
is com+6'--said somebody on ! /air case4
  ',he is com+6'--said somebody f>!r up4
  ',he is com+6'--said somebody f>!r    
/ill4  ',he is come6'--said !           
,du*ess--'he is come1 ! little love6' ,&
 %e caught me by bo? h&s1 & look$ me 9 !

 nose4  ',ah joli6'--said ,mademoiselle 
,pas ,seul4  ',dios gu>da6'--said ,don  
,/iletto4  ',diavolo6'--said ,c\nt      
,capricornuto4  ',t\s& ,teufel6'--said  
,b>on ,blud5uff4                        
',twe$le-dee--twe$le-dee--twe$le-dum6'  
said ! or*e/ra4  ',ah joli6--,dios      
gu>da6--,diavolo6--& ,t\s& ,teufel6'    
repeat$ ,mademoiselle ,pas ,seul1 ,don  
,/iletto1 ,c\nt ,capricornuto1 & ,b>on  
,blud5uff4 ,x 0 too bad--x 0 n to be    
borne4 ,i grew angry4  ',sir6'--said ,i 
to ! ,b>on--'y are a baboon4'           
',sir6'--repli$ he1 aft] a              
pause1--',donn] & ,blitz56'  ,?is 0     
suffici5t4 ,! next morn+ ,i %ot (f 8    
nose at six o'clock1 & !n call$ ^u my   
fri5ds4  ',bte6'--said ! fir/4          
',fool6'--said ! second4  ',n9ny6'--said
 ! ?ird4  ',dolt6'--said ! f\r?4        
',noodle6'--said ! fif?4  ',ass6'--said 
! six?4  ',be (f6'--said ! sev5?4  ,at  
all ?is ,i felt mortifi$1 & call$ ^u my 
fa!r4  ',fa!r'--,i said--':at is ! *ief 
end ( my exi/5ce6'  ',my son'--he       

repli$--'x is /ill ! /udy ( ,nosology4  
,b 9 hitt+ ! ,b>on's nose y h ov]%ot y\r
 m>k4 ,y h a f9e nose x is true1 b !n   
,blud5uff has none4 ,y are d----d1 & he 
has become ! ,lion ( ! day4 ,9          
,fum-,fudge great is a ,lion ) a        
proboscis1 b great] by f> is a ,lion )  
no proboscis at all4'       ,= ! ,s\!rn 
,lit]>y ,mess5g]4  ,,lionel ,,granby4   
,,*ap4 ,i4    ,:at am ,i8 h[ produc$1 & 
= :at end8   ,:5ce drew ,i be+8 to :at  
p]iod t5d8                              
,artbu?not4   ,my "n is ,lionel ,granby4
 ,i 0 ! second & y\nge/ son ( !         
,honorable ,edmund ,granby1 a g5tleman  
di/+ui%$ = 8 poli%$ education & /ately  
ari/ocracy4 ,! e>lie/ associations ( my 
ev5tful life1 /eal f memory m (         
joy\sness ?an ( pa92 & ga!r+ 9 a gild$  
horizon ( light ar\nd ! d>kness ( my    
de/9y1 !y :isp] a consolation :i*       
despair _c efface1 nor mis=tune         
oblit]ate4  ,*algrave1 7an om9\s "n = a 
patrician family17 0 ! pr\d mansion ( my
 ance/ors4 ,x 0 a huge & gn>l$ pile (   

,dut* brick1 surr\nd$ by a cumbr\s wall 
( ! same mat]ial4 ,situat$ on ! we/]n   
side ( ,*esapeake ,bay1 x fr[n$ )       
/ubborn misan?ropy1 on ! m+l$ beauty :i*
 s(t5$ ! sil5t l&scape4 ,x /ood alone 9 
! sil5ce ( its gr&eur1--cold1 fe>ful &  
noiseless4 ,a broad & level pla9 swept  
r\nd its base1 dott$ into life ) !      
cottages ( my fa!r's num]\s slaves4 ,f  
!m sprung ! only voices :i* soo!d !     
*ill$ solitude ( ! sc5e4 ,"h1 at all    
times might be he>d ! m]ry laugh1 !     
jocund song1 or ! unalloy$ mir? (       
alt]nate ease & idl5ess4 ,"o ( ^? noble 
& beautiful riv]s1 :i* dally1 z if x    
scorn$ to arise f an humble rivulet1 ) !
 bosom ( ! ,*esapeake1 gu%$ up its full 
wat]s fre% z 9 ! morn+ ( its creation4  
,mu* rude & incongru\s ta/e disfigur$ ! 
int]ior ( ,*algrave4 ,a d>k & gloomy    
heav9ess sate on ! antique wa9scott+1 ! 
massy s(as1 & ! black5$ w9d[s4 ,f ! d9n]
 hall1 ! portraits ( my ance/ors look$  
d[n1 z if 9 contempt on ! deg5]acy (    
mod]n times4 ,"h 0 a cavali]1 ) fl[+    

locks & iron-b\nd br[1 :o _h lo/ 8 life 
9 ! memorable field ( ,naseby4 ,opposite
 to him1 0 ! /iff & rigid portrait ( a  
grave & ?\ghtful face4 ,he 0 "o ( ^?    
inflexible & indep5d5t lawy]s1 ^: moral 
c\rage _h labor$ 9 ! w> ( our           
revolution1 & ^: inflexible _s _h       
inspir$ successful resi/ance4 ,mo!rs )  
*ildr5 9 _! arms2 infants ) toys1 &     
belles ) fl[]s & books1 fill$ ! wall    
alike ) v]million & smiles4  ,! numb]   
sev5 0 curi\sly int]wov51 9 !           
circum/ances ( my bir?4 ,i 0 born on !  
sev5? day ( ! sev5? mon?1 at sev5       
o'clock1 be+ ! sev5? ( ,may4 ,9 our old 
family ,bible1 ,i f9d ! record ( my bir?
 9 my fa!r's h& writ+1 foll[$ ) ?is     
fe>ful s5t5ce4 ,curse him n1 oh ,god6 ) 
! ---- ( our family4 ,amid ! desolations
 ( despair--! angui% ( brok5 he>t$      
affliction1 & ! contempt ( ! _w1 ,i turn
 to ! g5tle & joy\s h\rs ( my *ildhood1 
ev5 z ! h>t :i* pante? aft] ! wat]      
brooks4 ,my memory is my he>t1 & my     
affections h\rly trace !mselves on its  

index4 ,my "m's d>k & deep blue eye1 ev5
 n[ beams ov] h] wret*$ *ild1 & ,i live 
alone 9 ! reg5]ative *>ity ( ?is bless$ 
passion4  ,i h a fa9t & indi/9ct        
recollection ( my fa!r's dea? & burial4 
,! solemn c]emony ( 8 fun]al1 & ! dull &
 h>% s\nd ( ! e>? z x t\*$ 8 c(f91      
deeply affect$ my y\?ful spirits4 ,i    
cri$ bitt]ly 9 ! arms ( my old nurse1 & 
wond]$ at my "m's *ill$ & te>less eye4  
,my fa!r 0 dead6 ,he _h be5 /]n &       
imp]i\s to me2 & z my gratitude 0 no    
reason+ p[]1 ,i soon laugh$ brightly    
aga9 9 ! s]i\s & melan*oly face ( my "m4
 ,my old nurse ,ell51 _h liv$ 9 !       
,granby family = ?ree successive        
g5]ations1 & 0 address$ by ! ende>+     
epi!t ( ,mammy4 ,h] gr&son1 a well =m$ &
 a?letic y\?1 nam$ ,scipio1 f\r ye>s    
old] ?an myself1 _h be5 giv5 to me by my
 fa!r1 & ,i soon le>n$ ! deep & abid+   
fidelity ( 8 affection4 ,he 0 my fri5d1 
companion & slave2 & ,i ?ank ,god6 t !  
pride ( dom9ion nev] insult$ or degrad$ 
him4 ,9 8 ob$i5ce1 he 0 dignifi$2 & 9 8 

devotion1 ard5t1 g5]\s & s9c]e4 ,he     
taught me to ride ! unbrok5 colt--to /e]
 ! frail p]iogue1 & to fi% ) success = !
 active boneta4 ,accord+ to ! cu/om 9   
,virg9ia1 he did no s]vice b wait on 8  
"y ma/]4 ,?us sep>at$ f ! great mass (  
my fa!r's slaves1 he grew into manhood )
 a g5tl5ess ( "* & a dignity ( address  
:i* w\ld h honor$ ! pr\de/ g5tleman 9 ! 
/ate4  ,my old uncle ,*>les1 :o 0 "o ( !
 happie/ & mo/ dignifi$ specim5s ( !    
decay$ g5tleman1 _h f\nd a re/+ place = 
8 adv]sity 9 ! ,*algrave family4 ,he _h 
be5 a ,colonel 9 ! militia2 & hav+ on "o
 occasion1 p]=m$ ) 8 :ole regim5t be=e  
an admir+ c\rt y>d1 ! difficult &       
vexati\s manoeuvre ( ! holl[ squ>e1 he  
in/antly resign$ 8 commission2 & "u !   
%ade ( 8 laurels1 he lam5t$ ! decay (   
milit>y _s1 & ! ignorance ( ! (fic]s4 ,!
 holl[ squ>e1 0 ! fir/ ma!matical figure
 ,i le>n$4 ,e ?+ 9 nature 0 press$ by my
 uncle into ?is =tifi$ figure 7z he     
call$ x17 ( =tification4 ,! trees1 !    
fl[]s1 ! grass plats1 backgammon m51--& 

! flies tra9$ ) honey1 pres5t$ ! solemn 
outl9e ( my uncle's pride & le>n+4 ,8   
peculi>ities 7 few1 & deeply t9ctur$ )  
en?usiasm4 ,z an antiqu>y alone1 9 !    
cause ( ,virg9ian hi/ory1 he 0 bigot$1  
ob/9ate & cr$ul\s2 &1 consid]$ z ! fir/ 
( books1 ! ,metamorphoses ( ,ovid1 done 
into ,engli% by ,mr4 ,george ,s&ys1 !   
company's treasur]4 ,he cont5d$ t       
,clayton1 ! botani/1 0 great] 9 le>n+1  
?an ,l9nu2 &1 told ) mu* indignation1 ! 
m9uti ( ,clayton's qu>rel ) ,gronovius1 
! ,am/]dam pr9t]4 ,my uncle 0 exp]i5c$ 9
 ! diseases ( dogs & horses1 & p]fectly 
famili> ) ! te*nical j>gon ( ! rac+     
cal5d>4 ,he _h travell$ 9 ,europe1 b    
w\ld nev] m5tion ! incid5ts ( 8 t\r1    
except to in=m 8 auditory t ! be/       
saddles 7 made 9 ,london1 & ! f9e/      
po9t]s 7 br$ at ,padua4 ,yet my uncle _h
 le>n+1 ta/e & erudition1 :i* he gu>d$1 
f e pr(ane eye1 ) a repulsive & dogg$   
ob/9acy2 & ! few fla%es :i* occasionally
 broke f him1 glitt]$ l ! trembl+ rays  
:i* play ar\nd ! edge ( "s sombre cl\d4 

,z an admir] ( ! fair1 he 0 c\rte\s1    
dreamy & fanta/ic1 & w\ld ev] & anon1   
ref]1 = an evid5ce ( 8 family gallantry1
 to ! spee* ( "o ,sir ,danv]s ,granby1  
:o 0 a commission] "u ,h5ry ,,viii1 =   
dissolv+ ! nunn]ies4 ,:5 ! nuns 7 %iv]+ 
9 ! rude gaze ( ! populace1 ,sir        
,danv]s1 look$ at !m ) te>s 9 8 eyes1   
exclaim+1 ,god bless y6 ,i c\ld m>ry y  
all1 if ,i did n adore y6 ,?is /ory my  
uncle told ) a smile & a b[4  ,my       
gallant1 gift$1 & noble bro!r ,fr$]ick6 
h[ bright 0 ! /> :i* %one ov] ?y        
boyhood6 ,alas6 t its flick]+ light %\ld
 only beam o'er ?y pallid c\*6--,he 0   
sev]al ye>s my s5ior1 & _h be5 s5t to   
,europe = ! purpose ( acquir+ a milit>y 
education1 b _h return$ at ! age (      
n9ete5 ) a brok5 & impair$ con/itution4 
,he 0 /udi\s1 solit>y & res]v$2 :ile !  
hectic flu% ( consumption1 :i* irradiat$
 8 *eek1 n]v$ alike ! =titude ( 8 "*1 & 
awak5$ ! sympa?y ( e eye4 ,8 he>t 0     
g5tle1 ?\gh 8 /udies 7 sev]e--& he sav$ 
f ! wreck :i* ambition ev] makes (      

feel+1 no jewel s ri* z ! unta9t$       
t5d]ness ( 8 "*4 ,he _h become a memb] (
 ! b>2 & ,i h (t5 gaz$ on 8 high & m>bl$
 br[1 z a liv+ monum5t1 on :i* de/9y _h 
inscrib$ its fiat ( despair4 ,political 
life6 t madd5+ turmoil ( empty no?+ness6
 0 ! goal on :i* he _h fix$ 8 dream (   
hope2 &1 ?\gh ill heal? pro/rat$ him to 
! e>?1 8 sunny smile brea!d a fre%ness1 
& a gloom1 z brilliant1 & z melan*oly z 
! tremul\s twilight ( an autumn sky4 ,he
 c>$ naught = weal?1 love or pleasure4  
,ambition 0 ! demon :i* mov$ ar\nd him1 
9 a track ( its own desolation2 & ?\gh  
beauty _h lur$ him almo/ to ! conf9es ( 
matrimony1 he c\ld trample d[n !        
sympa?ies ( 8 nature b5ea? its despotic 
rule4  ,my si/] ,lucy1 0 two ye>s y\ng] 
?an myself2 %e 0 fair1 delicate1 &      
s+ul>ly beautiful4 ,h] rav5 & luxuriant 
hair1 fell 9 prodigal r+lets ov] a br[ (
 ,p>ian :it5ess1 giv+ t /ruggl+ halo (  
beauty :i* d>kness ?r[s ar\nd ! solitude
 ( ! sn[ drift4 ,%e 0 deeply v]s$ 9 !   
fa%ionable accompli%m5ts ( female       

education1 & _h add$ to !m ! acquirem5ts
 ( solid le>n+4 ,! old libr>y 0 ! resort
 ( h] solit>y h\rs2 & z h] light &      
sylph-l =m1 w\ld flit ?r\gh its d>k5$   
walls1 fancy might easily p]sonify h]   
into ,fame1 hov]+ ov] ! tomb ( ,g5ius4  
,! coa*man1 o/l]1 & d9+ room s]vants1   
are all important *>act]s 9 ! dramatis  
p]son ( a ,virg9ian h\sehold4 ,) !m ,i 0
 a pet4 ,! fir/1 taught me to drive--!  
second1 initiat$ me into ! my/]ies (    
,tree ,hill & ,broad ,rock2 :ile ! ?ird1
 correct$ ) sev]ity1 any brea* (        
etiquette or violation ( morals1        
inconsi/5t ) 8 own or ! ,granby's       
dignity4  ,su* 0 ! ,granby family4 ,:]e 
are !y n[8 ,! spid] has wov5 h] web1 & !
 owl has built h] ne/ 9 ! crumbl+ walls 
( ,*algrave4 ,! sil5t grave reads b "o  
lesson--= ! breeze :i* sighs ov] its    
dewy grass1 tells me t ,i alone1 am !   
la/ ( t pr\d & gift$ "n4  ,,!ta4        
,,dagg]',s ,,spr+s1  ,,9 ,,! ,,c\nty ,,(
 ,,botet\rt1 ,,virg9ia4   ,among !      
num]\s wat]+ places 9 ,virg9ia1 our     

att5tion has be5 drawn to t :i* is nam$ 
at ! head ( ?is notice1 by sev]al       
individuals :o te/$ its virtues dur+ !  
la/ season1 & :o speak highly ( !       
situation & managem5t ( ! ,spr+s1 & !   
efficacy ( its wat]s4 ,! m9]al qualities
 ( ^! ,spr+s h be5 long kn[n1 & !y h be5
 resort$ to = "s ye>s by p]sons liv+ 9  
_! vic9ity4 ,b ! "* & circum/ances ( !  
orig9al proprietor1 a desc5dant ( ! e>ly
 ,dut* settl]s ( ! c\ntry1 prev5t$ _!   
improvem5t until )9 ! la/ ye> or two4   
,he _h a full s5se ( ! m9]al treasure   
:i* enhanc$ ! value ( 8 prop]ty1 &      
refus$ all (f]s f ^? :o wi%$ to pur*ase 
! site ( ! ,spr+s2 :ile he _h n ! means 
( br++ !m into pr(itable use1 by erect+ 
build+s = ! accommodation ( visit]s4 ,_m
 individuals 71 nev]!less1 9 ! habit (  
dr9k+ ! wat]s ( ! ,spr+s dur+ ! w>m     
season1 & ( soj\rn+ = a few days 9 !    
rude & imp]fect dwell+s :i* he _h       
erect$3 & ) ! mod]ate income ?us obta9$ 
f ?is m9e ( natural weal?1 its /urdy    
proprietor seem$ well satisfi$4 ,at 8   

dea?1 8 successors dispos$ ( ! ,spr+s & 
! adjac5t l&s to ! pres5t proprietors2 &
 build+s 7 erect$ la/ ye>1 on a limit$  
scale1 ) e reg>d to ! com=t ( ! travell]
 & ! invalid4 ,! consequ5ces ( a m      
lib]al arrangem5t 7 imm$iately felt4 ,! 
numb] ( visit]s la/ season exce$$ !     
means ( accommodation2 & ! manag]s h 9 !
 int]im1 made ! mo/ active ex]tions to  
meet ! gr[+ popul>ity ( _! e/abli%m5t1  
hav+ complet$ additional ap>tm5ts1 :i* w
 enable !m to provide = ! com=t ( "o    
hundr$ p]sons4 ,! sc5]y 9 ! vic9ity ( ! 
,spr+s has be5 describ$ to u 9 gl[+     
colors1 z comb9+ e v>iety ( ! magnific5t
 & ! beautiful--& we h also be5 assur$ t
 ! f>e & att5dance are wor?y ( all      
praise2 s t we feel safe 9 recomm5d+ !  
enl>g$ e/abli%m5t ( ! proprietors       
7,messrs4 ,dibrell & ,watk9s17 to !     
att5tion ( travell]s = heal? or         
pleasure4  ,dagg]'s ,spr+s are situat$  
)9 easy di/ances f "s ( ! mo/ int]e/+   
t[ns 9 ! ,valley ( ,virg9ia--!y are     
=ty-five miles f ! ,:ite ,sulphur2      

tw5ty-two f ,lex+ton2 eighte5 f         
,f9ca/le1 & sixte5 f ,pattonsburg4 ,!   
foll[+ lett] f a di/+ui%$ physician1    
af=ds all necess>y in=mation z to !     
m$ic9al prop]ties ( ! wat]s1 & !        
managem5t ( ! e/abli%m5t3  ,danville1   
,april #bh1 #ahce4  ,i visit$ ,dagg]'s  
,spr+ on ! #bd? ( la/ ,july1 & on ! next
 day proce$$ to subject ! wat] to a     
numb] ( *emical te/s4 ,! exp]im5ts      
p]=m$1 ?\gh n z full & z satisfactory z 
,i c\ld h wi%$1 7 suffici5t to          
demon/rate t ! wat] possesses highly    
valuable prop]ties1 & suffici5t also to 
make u some:at acqua9t$ ) ! nature ( ^? 
prop]ties4 ,! mo/ active m9]al +r$i5ts 9
 ! wat] are c>bonat$ alkalies4 ,9 ?is x 
diff]s mat]ially f ! ,:ite & ,salt      
,sulphur1 & is m ne>ly assimilat$ 9 its 
qualities to ! ,r$ & ,gray ,sulphur4 ,x 
is h[ev] m decid$ly alkal9e ?an ei!r (  
^? ,spr+s4 ,?is peculi>ity w ev]        
recomm5d x to p]sons subject to         
acidities ( ! /oma*1 & to ! o!r         
concomitants ( dyspepsia2 :ile ! l>ge   

quantity ( hydrog5 t x conta9s1 w r5d] x
 useful 9 all ( ^? compla9ts = :i*      
sulphur wat] is usually prescrib$4  ,!  
foll[+ exp]im5t 0 p]=m$ ) ! view (      
asc]ta9+ ! quantity ( gas conta9$ 9 !   
wat]4 ,?ree measures ( ! wat] 7 plac$ 9 
a retort1 & ! bulb ( ! retort plung$ 9  
wat]1 heat$ to ! temp]ature ( #ajh      
,fahr5heit4 ,! gas1 z x 0 extricat$1 0  
receiv$ ov] m]cury1 9 a graduat$        
measure4 ,! result 01 t ! ?ree measures 
( wat] yield$ "o measure ( gas4 ,?is gas
 0 subsequ5tly te/$1 & f\nd to consi/ ( 
sulphurett$ hydrog51 azote1 & atmosph]ic
 air--pr9cipally ( ! =m]4  ,! pres5ce ( 
iron is n detect$ by ! usual te/s2 b !  
wat]1 :5 treat$ ) prussiate ( pota%1 &  
subsequ5tly ) sulphuric acid1 yields a  
blue precipitate1 :i* is evid5tly       
prussiate ( iron--! sulphuric acid hav+ 
a /rong] aff9ity = pota% ?an ! prussic  
acid1 dis5gages ! latt]4 ,! acid ?us    
dis5gag$1 unites ) ! iron 9 ! wat]1 &   
=ms ! prussiate ( iron or prussian blue4
  ,al?\gh ! wat] conta9s b ab\t #cf grs4

 ( m9]al sub/ances to ! gallon1#a x     
acts1 "u c]ta9 circum/ances1 ) great    
promptness4 ,x effects ^u ! sy/em are   
invigorat+3 x promotes dige/ion &       
improves ! secretions g5]ally2 x /r5g!ns
 )\t produc+ an undue excitem5t1 & may  
!re=e be us$ b5eficially 9 "s cases1 9  
:i* ! wat] ( ! ,:ite ,sulphur1 f its    
/imulat+ prop]ties1 w\ld prove          
de/ructive4  ,footnote #a3 ,! small] (  
two spr+s at ! ,r$ ,sulphur conta9s ab\t
 #fj grs4 p] gal4 ,! l>g]1 :i* is mo/   
us$1 does n conta9 b ab\t #bd grs4 p]   
gal4  ,i w only say 9 conclusion1 t ,i 0
 pleas$ ) ! mann] 9 :i* ! e/abli%m5t    
appe>$ to be conduct$1 ) ! _s (         
ent]prise manife/$1 & ! ta/e display$ 9 
! plan ( improvem5t1 :i* 0 k9dly        
exhibit$ to me4 ,i met ) no situation   
among ! m\nta9s susceptible ( z great   
improvem5t z t select$ = ! build+s4 ,x  
may be made a second ,ed54  ,i am engag$
 9 prep>+ a "w = ! press1 9 :i* ?is     
,spr+ w be m p>ticul>ly notic$1 &       
att5tion direct$ to objects ( int]e/ 9 !

 surr\nd+ c\ntry4 ,x w\ld h be5 complet$
 be=e ?is1 b = ! peculi>ities ( my      
situation1 :i* all[ me b little leisure 
= lit]>y pursuits4  ,i 0 told ( ano!r   
spr+ belong+ to ! e/abli%m5t1 f :i* ,i 0
 in=m$ x 0 design$ to supply ! ba?+     
h\se4 ,f ! acc\nt giv5 ( x1 ,i h no d\bt
 b t x is highly alkal9e4 ,i regret v   
mu* t x 0 n 9 my p[] to exam9e & te/ its
 prop]ties4     ,,! ,,r$ ,,sulphur      
,,spr+s4   ,we h receiv$1 & %all ins]t 9
 ! next ,no4 ( ! ,mess5g]1 a cont9uation
 ( ! ,visit to ! ,virg9ia ,spr+s1 ! fir/
 portion ( :i* w be f\nd 9 ! prec$+     
pages4 ,! second "p conta9s mu* valuable
 in=mation1 relat+ p>ticul>ly to ! ,r$  
,sulphur1 :i* has rec5tly ris5 into     
importance "u ! managem5t ( ,mr4 ,burke1
 ^: amiable & intellig5t "* is well kn[n
 to ! citiz5s ( ,ri*mond4 ,z we consid] 
x important1 t ! qualities ( ! heal+    
wat]s :i* ab\nd 9 ?is /ate1 %\ld be made
 kn[n z ext5sively z possible1 we       
anticipate ! m ample in=mation ( our    
correspond5t1 by mak+ ! foll[+ extract f

 a circul> j issu$ by ! proprietor ( !  
,r$ ,sulphur ,spr+s1 7,mr4 ,burke73  ,9 
t species ( pulmon>y disease att5d$ by  
hemorrhages1 unless ! en]gies ( life are
 completely exhau/$1 x nev] fails to    
af=d relief4 ,sometimes1 :5 ! pulse     
beats #aaj to #aae1 & ! emaciat$ figure 
( ! pati5t too pla9ly indicates !       
ravages made by repeat$ hemorrhages1 & !
 unavail+ ef=ts ( physicians to arre/   
!m1 he comes to ! ,r$ ,sulphur1 dr9ks   
ab\t f\r qu>ts ( ! wat] 9 tw5ty-f\r     
h\rs1 lives ^u pla9 f>9ace\s articles ( 
diet1 takes all ! ex]cise 8 case w      
admit1 & at ! end ( t brief p]iod1 8    
pulse falls to #hj or #he2--;8 spirits  
revive1 he cont9ues daily to improve1 & 
almo/ inv>iably1 to ga9 a p\nd 9 weight 
e day4 ,at ! expiration ( fifte5 days1  
he becomes r5ovat$1 & p\rs =? 8         
gratitude1 by extoll+ ! virtues ( !     
wat]s on e occasion4 ,?is is ! usual    
action ( ! wat]s1 b !re are cases 9 :i* 
_! advantages are n p]ceiv$ = two or    
?ree weeks4 ,su* is ! exhil>at+ effect (

 confid5ce & hope1 t he soon =gets 8    
late deplorable condition1 & becomes    
guilty ( "s unhappy imprud5ce t endang]s
 8 prospects4  ,! luxuries ( ! table1 or
 viol5t ex]cise1 if indulg$ 91 at ?is   
crisis1 w cause incalculable mis*ief4 ,9
 affections ( ! bron*ia1 ?is wat]1      
visit$ e>ly1 af=ds c]ta9 relief4 ,9     
a/hma1 x is highly valuable4 ,9 ! e>ly  
/age ( g5u9e ph?isical consumption1 x w 
arre/ its progress2 &1 by repeat+ !     
visit annually1 & us+ ! utmo/           
self-d5ial1 life may be protract$ = _m  
ye>s1 & r5d]$ comp>atively com=table2 b 
9 ! lat] /ages1 x is va9 to hope =      
relief f any e>?ly rem$y2 & x is !re=e  
unwise to remove f ! consolations &     
com=ts ( home1 ! un=tunate pati5t1 ^:   
approa*+ dissolution is app>5t to all   
except himself & 8 ne>e/ relatives4  ,:5
 ! pati5t has alt]nate *ills & fev]s1   
copi\s night sweats1 & a pulse at #abj  
or #acj2 moreov]1 :5 x becomes necess>y 
to *eck di>rhoea by opiates1 & to su/a9 
8 s9k+ /r5g? by juleps1 :at rational    

hope c be af=d$ by any rem$y :atev]8  ,9
 diseases ( ! liv]1 ?is wat] is highly  
efficaci\s4 ,9 dropsy1 rheumatism1      
gravel1 g\t1 dyspepsia1 tic doloreux1 & 
epilepsy1 x has be5 us$ ) advantage4 ,9 
cutane\s diseases1 x seldom fails to    
effect a cure4  ,f ! same circul> we    
le>n1 t ! accommodations at ! ,r$       
,sulphur h be5 mu* enl>g$ s9ce ! la/    
season1 & t provision has be5 made = !  
reception ( two hundr$ & tw5ty visit]s1 
) _! s]vants & horses4 ,! efficacy ( !  
wat]s 9 cases ( incipi5t consumption1   
r5d]s ?is an important place ( resort = 
a l>ge class ( invalids1 :o may be      
assur$ ( f9d+ 9 ,mr4 ,burke1 a humane & 
consid]ate ent]ta9]4     ,,female       
,,education4  ,"y ,ladies ,sem9>y1 at   
,pr9ce ,edw>d ,c\rt ,h\se4   ,!re is no 
subject :i* claims great] att5tion ?an !
 judici\s education ( females4 ,x has   
ju/ly be5 consid]$ by "s ( ! mo/ em95t  
writ]s1 ( va/ importance t ! m9ds ( !   
g5tl] sex %\ld be cultivat$ & enl>g$ by 
e practicable means2 t ! mo!rs ( an     

enlight5$ nation %\ld be well prep>$ to 
tra9 ! m5tal faculties ( _! (fspr+2 & t1
 z ! e>lie/ intellectual z well z       
physical nutrim5t is d]iv$ f ! "m by !  
*ild1 %e %\ld be fitt$ ) c>e = h]       
responsible & mom5t\s duty4 ,mu* great] 
att5tion is n[ be/[$ ^u ! culture ( !   
female m9d ?an =m]ly2 & p>5ts g5]ally   
seem m impress$ ) ! propriety ( giv+ to 
_! daught]s a solid education4          
,accompli%m5ts1 :i* at "o "t seem$ to   
make up ! sum ( _! acquirem5ts1 are     
beg9n+ to be consid]$ z second>y to ^?  
/udies :i* /r5g!n ! intellect & /ore !  
m9d ) useful k4 ,we h no d\bt t a *ange 
:i* c>ries su* b5eficial consequ5ces    
into ! bosom ( e well-ord]$ family1 w   
ga9 gr\nd4 ,! importance & ! advantages 
( a ?or\gh c\rse ( /udy = females1 9 !  
pres5t enlight5$ /ate ( society1 are too
 obvi\s to ne$ en=cem5t4 ,! p>ts !y h to
 act 9 ?is _w's drama1 require t _! e>ly
 ye>s ( fre$om f c>e & anxiety1 %\ld be 
employ$ 9 prep>ation = ! p]=mance ( !   
high duties ( _! aft] lives1 ) ease1 )  

dignity & usefulness4 ,! "t has1 we     
tru/1 arriv$ :5 ! g5]al cultivation ( ! 
female intellect w be deem$1 7z x is7   
absolutely necess>y = h] happ9ess1 & = !
 well-be+ ( ^? :om provid5ce may r5d]   
dep5d5t ^u h] guidance1 h] c\ncils1 or  
h] affections--:5 %e w be educat$ ) a   
view to h] becom+ ! companion1 & n !    
play?+ ( ! o!r sex4 ,! importance ( h]  
position 9 civiliz$ society1 & ! va/    
influ5ce ( h] b5ignant qualities1 dem& t
 %e %\ld be prep>$ to fill ! "o1 & to   
ex]cise ! o!r ) dignity & effect4  ,our 
att5tion has be5 call$ to ?is subject by
 ! encomiums be/[$ by _m intellig5t     
individuals1 on ! ,,"y ,,ladies ,,sem9>y
 at ,pr9ce ,edw>d ,c\rt ,h\se1 ,va41 :i*
 is conduct$ by ,mr4 ,e4 ,root1 9 ! mo/ 
satisfactory mann]4 ,?is in/itution has 
be5 e/abli%$ ab\t f\r ye>s1 & has met ) 
great success1 z is %[n by ! fact t x _h
 upw>ds ( "o hundr$ pupils dur+ ! pa/   
ye>4 ,x has be5 ! object ( its director 
to fix ^u a ?or\gh c\rse ( /udy1 rigidly
 to be pursu$1 "u ! sup]9t5d5ce ( ! be/ 

tea*]s 9 ! v>i\s dep>tm5ts2 r5d]+ solid 
/udy ! ma9 object ( att5tion1 b )\t     
neglect+ ^? ornam5tal bran*es :i*       
embelli% & ref9e ! m important          
acquirem5ts4 ,music & ! ,fr5* language  
are taught by pr(ici5ts 9 ea*1 & 9 fact 
e means is af=d$ at ?is sem9>y = giv+ "y
 ladies a f9i%$ education4 ,to build up 
an in/itution ( ?is description1 :]e e  
important bran* ( /udy is ably &        
fai?fully imp>t$1 is a "w ( no ord9>y   
difficulty1 z x is "o ( great public    
b5efit3 & ,mr4 ,root & 8 assi/ants are  
des]v+ ( public comm5dation = ! mann] 9 
:i* ?is e/abli%m5t is conduct$1 dive/$ z
 we believe x to be ( ! faults too (t5  
f\nd 9 su* s*ools1 & :i* h r5d]$ ! epi!t
 ,bo>d+ ,s*ool ,miss1 almo/ a t]m (     
contempt4 ,we c consci5ti\sly recomm5d !
 ,pr9ce ,edw>d ,sem9>y1 = its effici5t  
me?od ( in/ruction--n %ort & easy1 b su*
 z is be/ adapt$ to ! developem5t &     
/r5g!n+ ( ! m5tal en]gies--= able & well
 qualifi$ tea*]s--a discipl9e :i*       
comb9es k9dness & g5tl5ess ) ord] &     

propriety--a c>eful att5tion to ! mann]s
 & morals ( ! pupils--& mod]ate exp5se4 
,believ+ su* to be ! *>act]i/ics ( ,mr4 
,root's ,sem9>y1 we h deem$ x our duty  
to call to x ! public att5tion by ^!    
brief rem>ks4     ,,lit]>y ,,notices4   
,i ,,promessi ,,sposi1 or ! ,betro!d    
,lov]s2 a ,milanese ,/ory ( ! ,sev5te5? 
,c5tury3 z translat$ = ! ,metropolitan1 
f ! ,italian ( ,aless&ro ,manzoni1 by   
,g4 ,w4 ,fea!r/onhaugh4 ,wa%+ton3       
,/]eotyp$ & publi%$ by ,duff ,gre54     
#ahcd4 #hvo4 pp4 #bdi4  ,! appe>ance (  
?is "w /rongly rem9ds u ( ! introductory
 rem>ks ) :i* ! ,ed9burg ,review1 ?irty 
ye>s ago1 prefac$ its annunciation (    
,wav]ley4 ,we w\ld gladly appropriate   
!m1 7 x fair to d s2 b honor among      
?ieves6 ,review]s mu/ n /eal f          
,review]s2 & :at is x b !ft1 :5 he :o   
borr[s1 c nev] h any?+ wor?y (          
acceptance to give 9 return8  ,we may1  
nev]!less1 s f> imitate ! gr& ,napoleon 
( ! realms ( criticism1 z to            
congratulate our read]s on ! appe>ance (

 a "w1 :i* promises to be ! comm5cem5t (
 a new /yle 9 novel writ+4 ,s9ce ! days 
( ,field+1 unimitat$ & inimitable--& (  
,smollett1 betwe5 ^: diff]5t productions
 !re 0 sc>ce a family lik5ess1 we h _h a
 succession ( dyna/ies reign+ ov] !     
regions ( romance4 ,we h _h ! ,ratcliffe
 dyna/y1 ! ,edgewor? dyna/y1 & ! ,scott 
dyna/y2 ea*1 l ! family ( ! ,cs>s1 pass+
 f good to bad1 & f bad to worse1 until 
ea* has run out4 ,p>tial movem5ts 9 !   
prov9ces h occasionally set up ! /&>d ( 
rival aspirants3 b ^! h soon pass$ away4
 ,h]o9es f ! bogs1 & h]oes f ! highl&s (
 ,scotl&1 or ! ,poli% wilds1 c\ld n     
ma9ta9 _! pret5sions1 ?\gh unit+ 9      
!mselves all t is admirable bo? 9 !     
civiliz$ & ! savage "*4 ,p]haps ?is 0 ! 
reason4 ,we l to read ( ?+s t may a     
little rem9d u ( :at we h se5 9 real    
life4 ,sir ,*>les ,gr&ison 9 ! ,scotti% 
,kilt1 is a />tl+ app>ition4  ,! y\ng]  
,d',israeli has inde$1 occasionally     
fla%$ ^u u ! light ( 8 caprici\s g5ius2 
b "o ( 8 caprices has be5 to disappo9t !

 hope t he _h rais$4 ,he has %[n u :at  
he c\ld d1 & t is all4 ,mr4 ,bulw] too1 
9 a sort ( freak ( lit]>y radicalism1   
has set up = himself4 ,he scorn$ to add 
to ! numb] ( ^? :o dress !mselves 9 !   
ca/-(f habilim5ts ( ,scott2 & /udy1 z at
 a glass1 to make !mselves l him1 z if  
ambiti\s to display _! !fts4 ,he le>n$ !
 craft ( plagi>ism 9 ! ,sp>tan s*ool1   
:]e detection 0 ! only disgrace4 ,he    
w\ld n /eal1 n he1 f any b ! poor man1  
:o _h no?+ save "o little ewe lamb1 t   
lay 9 8 bosom1 & 0 unto him z a daught]4
 ,he w\ld imitate none b himself1 & draw
 f no o!r models4 ,8 novels are all     
e*oes ( ea* o!r4 ,!re is h>dly a page   
:i* might n be kn[n = 81 nor a favorite 
"* :i* is n an exhibition ( "o ( !      
phases ( 8 exquisite self4 ,! v>iety is 
betwe5 :at he imag9es himself to be1 &  
:at he imag9es t he might h be51 _h he  
be5 a cavali] ( ! sev5te5? c5tury1 or _h
 circum/ances made him a highwayman or a
 murd]]4 ,we are aw>e t he d5ies all    
?is1 & may be unconsci\s ( x3 b 8       

id5tity c no m be mi/ak5 ?an t ( !      
"o-ey$ companion ( ,hog>?'s idle        
appr5tice4 ,we are aw>e too1 t ,mr4     
,bulw] is a memb] ( a c]ta9 lit]>y      
cabal1 :o aspire to direct ! public     
ta/e1 & br+ all ! influ5ce ( weal? &    
fa%ion & political connexion 9 aid ( _! 
pret5sions4 ,he is a sort ( lit]>y ,jack
 ,cade4 ,8 m\? is ! law4 ,we "k t !     
amphitrion on l'on dire is always ! true
 amphitrion4 ,b we nev] expect to travel
 z cat]]s = a public j\rnal4 ,we 9 ! s\?
 d n d t sort ( ?+4 ,we are n taught s  
to raise ! w9d4 ,we are n up to p]petual
 motion1 nor to ! art ( mak+ our liv+ by
 tak+ our pleasure4 ,we feel ourselves  
!re=e "u no obligation to admire ,mr4   
,rog]s's poems1 ?\gh he be a bank]--nor 
,mr4 ,bulw]'s novels1 nor himself1 ?\gh 
he be a memb] ( ,p>liam5t2 nor ?\gh 8   
female d\blure ,lady ,bless+ton1 h !    
f9e/ bu/1 & ! prettie/ foot1 & be ! f9e/
 woman 9 ,london4 ,we d n put ! names ( 
our f9e wom5 9 ! newspap]s4 ,! bus9ess (
 female education ) u1 is n to qualify a

 woman to be ! head ( a lit]>y cot]ie1  
nor to figure 9 ! j\rnal ( a travell+   
coxcomb4 ,we prep>e h]1 z a wife1 to    
make ! home ( a good & wise & great man1
 ! happie/ place to him on e>?4 ,we     
prep>e h]1 z a "m1 to =m h] son to walk 
9 8 fa!r's /eps1 & 9 turn1 to take 8    
place among ! good & wise & great4 ,:5  
we h done ?is1 we h accompli%$1 if n    
all1 at lea/ ! be/ t education c d4 ,h] 
praise is f\nd 9 ! happ9ess ( h] husb&1 
& 9 ! virtues & honors ( h] sons4 ,h] "n
 is too sacr$ to be pr(an$ by public    
brea?4 ,%e is only se5 by t dim d\btful 
light1 :i*1 l ! maje/y ( d>kness1 s mu* 
enhances true dignity4 ,%e f9ds h] place
 by ! side ( ! ,"m ( ! ,grac*i1 & ( h]  
:om an ,engli% poet1 :o well knew h[ to 
appreciate & h[ to praise female        
excell5ce1 has simply designat$ z       
,,sidney',s ,,si/]1 ,,pembroke',s ,,"m4 
,we mu* fe>1 t aft] all ?is1 ! au?or ( !
 "w be=e u w h no reason to ?ank u = our
 praise4 ,on ! contr>y1 !re may be dang]
 ( involv+ him 9 ! displeasure1 :i* we  

may draw ^u ourselves f t same cabal1   
:i* has its memb]s on bo? sides ( !     
,atlantic4 ,ca me2 ,ca !e1 is ! ord] ( !
 day4 ,if half ! praise be due1 :i* is  
lavi%$ on ! works t daily issue f !     
press1 we may live to see ! writ+s :i*  
in/ruct$ & delight$ our y\?1 laid on !  
same %elf ) ,?omas ,aqu9as & ,duns      
,scotus4 ,m5 c no m read e ?+ ?an !y c  
eat e ?+2 & ! petits plats1 t are h&$   
r\nd hot-&-hot1 leave u no room to d    
honor to ! roa/ beef ( old ,engl&1 nor  
to ! savory ,virg9ia ham4 ,b ^! are !   
food by :i* ! !ws & s9ews ( manhood are 
be/ n\ri%$4 ,!y at once ex]cise & help  
dige/ion4 ,dyspepsia 0 n ( _! day4 ,x   
came 9 ) ,fr5* ,ga/ronomy4 ,are we      
mi/ak5 9 ?9k+1 t we see symptoms ( a    
sort ( intellectual dyspepsia1 aris+ f !
 incessant exhibition ( ! bon bons &    
kick%aws ( ! press8  ,well6 "h is some?+
 t w /ick by ! ribs2 a "w ( :i* we w\ld 
try to give a sort ( outl9e1 b t x _c be
 abridg$4 ,! ma*9]y ( ! /ory is n       
intricate1 b ea* "p is necess>y to !    

re/4 ,to leave any?+ out is to tell     
no?+4  ,x might be too mu* to say t ?is 
novel is1 9 e s5se ( ! ^w1 orig9al4 ,!  
writ] is obvi\sly famili> ) ,engli%     
lit]ature1 & seems to h tak5 at lea/ "o 
h9t f ,sir ,walt] ,scott4 ,! use made by
 t writ] ( ! records & traditions (     
times gone by1 has sugge/$ ?is h9t4 ,x  
naturally occurr$ to ,manzoni1 a native 
( ,italy1 t mu* ( ! same sort ( mat]ial 
0 to be f\nd among ! ar*ives ( ! petty  
,italian /ates1 n[ blott$ f ! map (     
,europe4 ,x is obvi\s t ! collisions (  
small /ates1 ?\gh less int]e/+ to !     
politician ?an ^? ( mighty nations1 mu/ 
af=d m occasion = a display ( individual
 "*1 & ! ex]cise ( ^? passions :i* give 
romance its highe/ int]e/4 ,b :at is    
kn[n ( ! great & good m5 :o nobly act$  
_! p>ts 9 ^! sc5es1 :5 ! v !atre ( _!   
acts is cru%$ & buri$ b5ea? ! rubbi% (  
revolution8 ,to drag !m f b5ea? ! ru9s1 
& p]mit ! _w to dwell = a mom5t on !    
contemplation ( _! virtues is a pi\s &  
praisewor?y task4 ,x is sad to ?9k h[ ! 

%ort lapse ( two c5turies c disappo9t ! 
hope t *e]$ ! la/ mom5ts ( ! patriot & !
 h]o4 ,= 8 c\ntry he liv$1 = 8 c\ntry he
 di$2 8 c\ntry 0 all to him2 b 8 c\ntry 
has p]i%$1 & 8 "n has p]i%$ ) x4 ,) !   
civil w>s ( ,engl& we are all famili>2 &
 our he>ts h gl[$1 & our te>s h fall51 9
 contemplat+ ! virtues & ! suff]+s ( ^? 
:o act$ 9 ^? sc5es2 b1 if we may cr$it !
 traditions imbodi$ 9 ?is book1 a       
contempor>y hi/ory ( ! ,italian         
,republics w\ld display *>act]s yet m   
wor?y ( our admiration & our sympa?y4 ,!
 ,c>d9al ,borromeo is an hi/orical "*4  
,! writ] obvi\sly means to pa9t him z he
 02 & ! annals ( mank9d may be se>*$ 9  
va9 = a m glori\s example ( ! purity1 ! 
en?usiasm1 & ! inspiration ( virtue4    
,we might suspect t some?+ ( a zeal = ! 
honor ( ! ,romi% ,*ur* _h m+l$ itself 9 
! ri* color+ ( ?is picture4 ,b ,manzoni 
0 z mu* alive1 z ,lu!r himself1 to !    
abuses ( t *ur*4 ,9 an episode1 :i* w be
 f\nd at page fifty-eight1 he discloses 
"s1 ( ! precise "* ( :i* we 7 n hi!rto  

aw>e4 ,we knew t some?+ 0 wrong1 b :at t
 some?+ might be1 0 nev] c]ta9ly kn[n4  
,! au?or has unveil$ ! my/]y4 ,he has   
)drawn a curta91 beh9d :i* we _h nev]   
be5 p]mitt$ to look4 ,we _h guess$1 & we
 _h read ! guesses ( o!rs2 b we nev]    
knew precisely :at 0 !re4 ,! moral      
co]cion1 m cruel ?an bodily torture1 by 
:i* a poor girl1 ! victim ( ! he>tless  
pride ( h] p>5ts1 )\t comm&1 )\t ev5    
p]suasion1 7= bo? x seems are =bidd57 is
 driv5 to ! cloi/]1 t h] bro!r may h m  
ample means to uphold 8 h]$it>y honors2 
?is 0 a ?+ inscrutable & inconceivable  
to u4 ,9 read+ su* works z ,mrs4        
,%]wood's ,nun1 we feel t we are deal+ )
 conjectures4 ,we turn to ! sc5e        
exhibit$ 9 ?is "w1 & we "k x to be real 
life4 ,we w\ld gladly grace our pages ) 
x4 ,x w\ld probably be read ) m int]e/  
?an any ?+ we c say2 b x is be=e !      
public1 & we h no "r to dis*>ge our     
debts to our read]s1 by giv+ !m :at is  
!irs already4 ,we w only pray _!        
indulg5ce s f> z to (f] a %ort extract1 

z a specim5 ( ! writ]'s p[]4 ,x is a    
picture ( "s ( ! horrors ( ! plague1 z x
 rag$ 9 ,milan 9 ! ye> #afbh4 ,x may    
s]ve to %[ u t ! pe/il5ce1 :i* lately   
/oop$ ^u u1 0 9 comp>ison1 an angel (   
m]cy4  ,! c>s spok5 ( 9 ! foll[+        
extract1 are ^? 9 :i* ! unc(f9$ bodies (
 ! dead 7 borne to a common receptacle1 
nak$ = ! mo/ "p1 "s badly wrapp$ up 9   
dirty rags1 heap$ up & fold$ toge!r l a 
knot ( s]p5ts4 ,! monalti 7 m5 :o1 hav+ 
_h ! plague1 7 consid]$ exempt f future 
dang]1 & 7 employ$ to bury ! dead4  ,a  
lady came f ! ?re%old ( "o ( ! h\ses1 ^:
 aspect ann\nc$ y\? advanc$1 b n yet    
pass$ away4 ,h] beauty 0 obscur$1 b n   
oblit]at$1 by di/ress & mortal languor2 
t sort ( beauty1 at once maje/ic & s(t1 
:i* is s conspicu\s 9 ! ,lomb>d race4   
,%e walk$ ) pa91 b did n /agg]2 h] eyes 
%$ no te>s1 b bore m>ks ( hav+ done s   
abundantly4 ,!re 01 9 h] grief1 a some?+
 inexpressibly quiet & deep1 betok5+ a  
s\l imbu$ & fill$ ) x4 ,b x 0 n h] own  
appe>ance alone1 t 9 ! mid/ ( s mu*     

wret*$ness1 m>k$ h] especially =        
commis]ation1 & awak5$ 9 h] favor a     
feel+ n[ dead5$ & worn out 9 all he>ts4 
,%e bore 9 h] arms a girl ab\t n9e ye>s 
old1--dead1 b dress$ 9 a :ite frock (   
spotless purity1 ) h] hair divid$ 9     
front1 z if h] own h&s _h adorn$ h] = a 
fea/1 long promis$ z ! rew>d ( h]       
goodness4 ,%e held h]1 seat$ on "o ( h] 
arms1 ) h] brea/ ^u ! lady's brea/2 & %e
 might h be5 ?\ght to be alive1 b t h]  
"y :ite h& hung heavy & lifeless on "o  
side1 l wax-"w1 & h] head lay ^u h] "m's
 %\ld]1 ) an air ( ab&onm5t heavi] ?an t
 ( sleep4 ,h] "m6 ,if ! resemblance _h n
 proclaim$ ! relation1 ! di/ress ( !    
survivor ann\nc$ x too pla9ly4  ,a co>se
 monalti drew ne> ! lady1 & sil5tly (f]$
 to relieve h] f h] bur!n1 b ) an air ( 
unwont$ respect & involunt>y hesitancy4 
,b %e1 ) an action betok5+ nei!r disgu/ 
nor scorn1 drew back1 & said1 ',no2 d n 
t\* h] n[2 ,i mu/ lay h] on t c> myself2
 take ?is4' ,%e op5$ h] h&1 %[$ a purse1
 & dropp$ x into 84 ,%e !n cont9u$3     

',promise me n to take a ?read f h]1 &  
to suff] no o!r to d s1 & to put h] 9 ! 
gr\nd j z %e is4'  ,! monalti plac$ 8 h&
 on 8 brea/1 & !n ) an obsequi\s zeal1 r
 l "o subdu$ by a new & /range emotion1 
?an z if prompt$ by ! unexpect$ gift1 he
 busi$ himself to make room on ! c> = ! 
little corpse4 ,! lady plac$ h] !re1 z  
on a b$1 laid h] /raight1 kiss$ h] cold 
br[1 spread ov] h] a :ite %eet1 & !n    
spoke = ! la/ "t4 ',adieu1 ,cecilia6    
,re/ 9 peace6 ,?is ev5+ we meet aga91 to
 "p no m4 ,pray = u1 my *ild1 & ,i w    
pray = !e1 & = ! re/4 ,y1' add$ %e to ! 
monalti1 ':5 y pass aga9 at vesp]s1 w   
come & take me too1 & n me alone4'      
,hav+ said ?is1 %e re-ent]$ ! h\se1 &   
pres5tly appe>$ at ! w9d[1 hold+ 9 h]   
arms a /ill y\ng] d>l+1 alive1 b ) !    
m>ks ( dea? on its face4 ,%e /ood1 z if 
contemplat+ ! unwor?y obsequies ( !     
fir/1 until ! c> mov$1 & :ile x rema9$ 9
 sight1 & !n %e disappe>$4 ,:at rema9$1 
b to lay h] only surviv+ babe ^u ! b$1  
place h]self by h] side1 & die ) h]2 ev5

 z ! /ately blossom1 ) ! bud beside x on
 its /em1 falls be=e ! scy! t levels all
 ! plants 9 ! mead[4  ,!re is a p[] 9   
?is to :i* we d n scruple to give great 
praise4 ,we regret to say t !           
translation has _m faults4 ,we lam5t x !
 m1 because !y are obvi\sly faults (    
ha/e4 ,! translator1 we fe>1 0 hungry2 a
 mis=tune ) :i* we "k h[ to sympa?ize4  
,! /yle is1 = ! mo/ "p1 ,italian1 9     
,engli% words1 b ,italian /ill4 ,?is is 
a great fault4 ,9 "s in/ances x w\ld be 
unp>donable4 ,9 ?is in/ance1 p]haps1 x  
is m ?an comp5sat$ by a k9dr$ excell5ce4
 ,9 a "w l ?is1 ab\nd+ 9 !              
untranslatable phrases ( popul>         
dialogue1 x gives a qua9t rac9ess :i* is
 n unacceptable4 ,x does m4 ,su*        
translations ( su* works1 w\ld soon make
 ! ,engli% e> famili> ) ,italian idioms1
 :i* once naturaliz$1 w\ld enri* !      
language4 ,x is already ?us incalculably
 enri*$ by ! poetry ( ,burns & ! novels 
( ,scott4 ,a famili>ity ) ,%akspe>e1    
7:i* is n ! ,engli% ( ! pres5t day17    

pres]ves a /ore ( weal? :i* w\ld else be
 lo/4 ,! /r5g? ( a language is 9 ! numb]
 & v>iety ( its idiomatic phrases4 ,^!  
are =ms ( spee* :i* use has r5d]$       
famili>1 & emancipat$ f ! crippl+       
re/ra9t ( regul> gramm>4 ,!y enable !   
speak] to be brief1 )\t be+ obscure4 ,8 
mean+1 eliptically express$1 is di/9ctly
 & precisely und]/ood4 ,%\ld any o!r "w 
( ,manzoni fall into ! h&s ( ,mr4       
,fea!r/onhaugh1 we hope he may h "t to  
correct ^? inaccuracies ( :i* he is     
d\btless s5sible2 b we tru/ he w n      
consid] 8 popul> ,italian idioms z among
 8 faults4 ,smollett1 9 8 translation ( 
,don ,quixotte1 ?r\gh extreme           
fa/idi\sness1 ?rew away an opportunity (
 d\bl+ ! =ce ( ! ,engli% language4  ,?is
 "w comes to u z ! h>b+] ( glad tid+s to
 ! read+ _w4 ,"h is a book1 equal 9     
matt] to any two ( ,coop]'s novels1 &   
execut$ at lea/ z well1 :i* we receive  
at ! mod]ate price ( =ty-two c5ts6 ,x   
=ms "o numb] ( ! ,wa%+ton ,libr>y1      
publi%$ mon?ly1 at five doll>s p] annum4

 ,at ?is rate1 a lit]>y g\rm&1 h[ev]    
gre$y1 may hope to satisfy 8 appetite = 
books1 )\t />v+ 8 *ildr54 ,! au?or has  
our praise1 & ! translator & publi%] h  
our ?anks4         99       99       99 
99       99  ,,horse-,,%oe ,,rob9son2 ,a
 ,tale ( ! ,tory ,asc5d5cy4 ,by ! ,au?or
 ( ',swall[ ,b>n4' ,philadelphia3 ,c>ey1
 ,lea & ,blan*>d4  ,we h n yet =gott51  
nor is x likely we %all v soon =get1 !  
ri* simplicity ( diction--! manl9ess (  
tone--! admirable traits ( ,virg9ian    
mann]s1 & ! /rik+ pictures ( /ill life1 
to be f\nd 9 ,swall[ ,b>n4 ,! _s (      
imitation 01 h[ev]1 visible 9 t book1 &1
 9 a great measure1 ov]cl\d$ its r>e    
excell5ce4 ,?is is by no means ! case ) 
,mr4 ,k5n$y's new novel4 ,if ev] volumes
 7 entitl$ to be call$ orig9al--^! are s
 entitl$4 ,we h read !m f beg9n+ to end 
) ! greate/ att5tion1 & feel v little   
afraid ( haz>d+ our critical reputation1
 :5 we ass]t t !y w place ,mr4 ,k5n$y at
 once 9 ! v fir/ rank ( ,am]ican        
noveli/s4  ,horse-,%oe ,rob9son 7be n   

al>m$ at ! title1 g5tle read]67 is a    
tale1 or m prop]ly a succession ( /irr+ 
incid5ts relat+ to ! "t ( ! ,tory       
,asc5d5cy 9 ,s\? ,c>ol9a1 dur+ !        
,revolution4 ,x is well kn[n t ?r\gh\t !
 :ole w> ?is /ate ev9c$ m disaffection  
to ! conf$]at$ gov]nm5t ?an any o!r ( ! 
,union1 ) ! exception p]haps ( !        
neighbor+ /ate ( ,georgia1 :]e !        
resid5ts on ! ,savannah riv]1 be+ ne>ly 
alli$ to ! ,c>ol9ians 9 _! habits &     
g5]al occupations1 7 actuat$1 m or less1
 by ! same political op9ions4 ,b we w "h
 let ! au?or speak = himself4  ,su*     
might be said to be ! m popul> s5tim5t (
 ! /ate at ! "t ( its subjugation by    
,sir ,h5ry ,cl9ton & ,"l ,cornwallis4   
,to ?is common feel+ !re 7 _m brilliant 
exceptions1 & ! m brilliant because !y  
/ood1 z x 71 ap>t f ! prepond]at+ mass (
 public judgm5t4444 ,!re 7 h]oes ( ?is  
m\ld 9 ,s\? ,c>ol9a1 :o ent]$ ) ! be/ _s
 ( *ivalry into ! national qu>rel1 &    
br\ght to x he>ts z bold1 m9ds z        
vigor\s1 & arms z /rong1 z ev] 9 any    

clime work$ out a nation's r$emption4   
,^! m5 refus$ submission to _!          
conqu]ors1 & endur$ exile1 *a9s1 &      
prison1 r ?an ! yoke4 ,"s few1 /ill     
undisc\rag$ by ! port5ts ( ! times1     
retreat$ into secret places1 ga!r$ _!   
few patriot neighbors toge!r1 & contriv$
 to keep 9 awe ! soldi] gov]nm5t t n[   
pr(ess$ to sway ! l&4 ,!y liv$ on !     
scant alim5t furni%$ 9 ! woods1 slept 9 
! tangl$ brakes & secret places ( ! f51 
exact$ contributions f ! adh]5ts ( !    
cr[n1 &1 by rapid movem5ts ( _! woodl&  
cavalry1 & brave bl[s1 accompli%$ m ?an 
?rice _! numb]s w\ld h done 9 ord9>y    
w>f>e4444 ,9 su* enc\nt]s or frays1 z !y
 might r be call$1 f ! smallness ( !    
numb]s conc]n$1 & ! h& to h& mode (     
fight+ :i* !y exhibit$1 ,m>ion1 ,sumpt]1
 ,horry1 ,pick5s1 & _m o!rs _h won a    
fame1 t1 9 a nation ( leg5d>y or        
poetical associations1 w\ld h be5       
r$uplicat$ ?r\gh a ?\s& *annels (       
immortal v]se4 ,b alas6 we h no ballads6
 & _m m5 :o z well des]ve to be rememb]$

 z ,p]cy or ,d\glas1 z ,adam ,bell or   
,clym ( ! ,cl\gh1 h sunk d[n )\t ev5 a  
c\plet epitaph ^u ! rude /one1 t1 9 "s  
unf5c$ & unrev]5c$ grave y>d1 /ill m>ks 
! lap ( e>? :]eon _! heads 7 laid4      
99       99       99       99       99  
,"o feature t belong$ to ?is unhappy    
/ate ( ?+s 9 ,c>ol9a 0 ! division (     
families4 ,k9dr$ 7 array$ aga9/ ea* o!r 
9 deadly feuds1 & n unfrequ5tly bro!r   
took up arms aga9/ bro!r1 & sons aga9/  
_! sires4 ,a prevail+ _s ( trea*]y &    
di/ru/ m>k$ ! times4 ,/rang]s did n "k  
h[ f> !y might tru/ to ! rites (        
hospitality1 & _m a man laid 8 head ^u 8
 pill[1 unc]ta9 :e!r 8 fell[ lodg] might
 n invade him 9 ! secret wat*es ( !     
night1 & murd] him 9 8 slumb]s4 ,all w5t
 arm$1 & _m slept ) pi/ols or dagg]s "u 
_! pill[s4 ,!re are tales told ( m5 be+ 
summon$ to _! doors or w9d[s at midnight
 by ! blaze ( _! f>m y>ds1 to :i* !     
inc5di>y tor* _h be5 appli$1 & %ot d[n1 
9 ! light ( ! conflagration1 by a       
conceal$ h&4 ,families 7 oblig$ to      

betake !mselves to ! %elt] ( ! ?ickets &
 swamps1 :5 _! own home/eads 7 dang]\s  
places4 ,! enemy wore no colors1 & 0 n  
to be di/+ui%$ f fri5ds ei!r by outw>d  
guise or spee*4 ,no?+ c\ld be m revolt+ 
?an to see ! symbols ( peace ?us        
mislead+ ! confid5t into ! toils (      
w>--nor is x possible to imag9e a /ate (
 society *>act]iz$ by a m frightful     
insecurity4  ,x w "h be se5 at a glance 
t ! noveli/ has be5 peculi>ly =tunate 9 
! *oice ( an epo*1 a sc5e & a subject4  
,we s9c]ely ?9k t he has done !m all !  
fulle/ ju/ice1 & has work$ out1 ) ^! & )
 o!r mat]ials1 a book ( no ord9>y "*4   
,we d n wi% to attempt any analysis ( ! 
/ory itself--or t connect+ *a9 :i*      
unites into "o prop] :ole ! v>i$ ev5ts (
 ! novel4 ,we feel t 9 s do+1 we %\ld1 9
 "s measure1 m> ! int]e/ by             
anticipation2 a griev\s s9 too (t5      
indulg$ 9 by review]s1 & aga9/ :i*1 %\ld
 we ev] be s lucky z to write a book1 we
 w\ld prote/ ) all our he>ts4 ,b we may 
be all[$ a ^w or two4 ,! pr9cipal "* 9 !

 novel1 ^u :om ! *ief int]e/ ( ! /ory   
turns1 & :o1 9 accordance ) ! "r usage (
 novel writ+1 %\ld be consid]$ ! h]o1 & 
%\ld h giv5 a title to ! book1 is       
,brevet ,major ,ar?ur ,butl] ( !        
cont95tal army1 to ^: acqua9tance we are
 fir/ introduc$ ab\t two o'clock 9 !    
aft]noon ( a day t[>ds ! end ( ,july1   
#aghj4 ,b ,mr4 ,k4 has v5tur$1 at 8 own 
p]il1 to set at defiance ! common ideas 
( propriety 9 ?is important matt]1 &1 n 
hav+ ! fe> ( ! critic be=e 8 eyes1 has  
?\ght x bett] to call 8 "w by ! "n ( a v
 s+ul> p]sonage1 :om all read]s w agree 
9 pron\nc+ wor?y ( ! honor ?us conf]r$  
^u him4 ,! writ] has also made ano!r    
innovation4 ,he has begun at ! beg9n+4  
,we all "k ?is to be an unusual me?od ( 
proc$ure4 ,x has be5 too1 = "s "t pa/1 !
 cu/om1 to delay z long z possible ! ma9
 int]e/ ( a novel--no d\bt ) ! v        
laudable int5tion ( mak+ x ! m int5se :5
 x does at l5g? arrive4 ,n[ = our own   
p>ts we c see little diff]5ce 9 be+     
amus$ ) ! beg9n+ or ) ! end ( a book1 b 

h a decid$ pref]5ce = ^? r>e volumes :i*
 are s lucky z to amuse u ?r\gh\t4 ,&   
su* a book is ! "o be=e u4 ,we ent] at  
once into ! _s & mean+ ( ! au?or--we are
 introduc$ at once to ! prom95t         
*>act]s--& we g ) !m at once1 he>t & h&1
 9 ! v>i\s & _s-/irr+ adv5tures :i*     
befall !m4  ,horse-,%oe ,rob9son1 :o    
d]ives 8 nick-"n ( ,horse-,%oe 78 prop] 
prnom5 be+ ,galbrai?7--f ! two-fold     
circum/ance ( be+ a blacksmi?1 & ( liv+ 
9 a little nook ( l& hemm$ 9 by a       
semi-circul> b5d ( wat]1 is fullly      
entitl$ to ! "* ( an orig9al4 ,he is !  
life & s\l ( ! drama--! bone & s9ew ( ! 
book--its v brea?--its e ?+ :i* gives x 
/r5g?1 sub/ance1 & vitality4 ,nev] 0 !re
 a r>] fell[--a m laughable blacksmi?--a
 m gallant ,san*o4 ,he is a v pr9ce at  
an ambuscade1 & a v devil at a fight4   
,he is a bett] edition ( ,rob9 ,hood--q 
z sagaci\s--n half s mu* ( a coxcomb--& 
inf9itely m moral4 ,9 %ort1 he is ! man 
( all o!rs we %\ld l to h rid+ by our   
side 9 any v haz>d\s exp$ition4  ,we ?9k

 ,mr4 ,k4 has be5 p>ticul>ly successful 
9 ! del9eation ( 8 female *>act]s2 & ?is
 is say+ a great deal at a "t :51 f "s  
unacc\ntable cause1 almo/ e attempt ( ! 
k9d has turn$ out a failure4 ,mildr$    
,l9dsay1 9 h] confid+ love1 9 h] filial 
rev]5ce1 9 h] h]oic esp\sal ( !         
revolution>y cause1 n because %e approv$
 x1 b because x 0 h] lov]'s1 is an      
admirable &--ne$ we say m8--a truly     
fem99e portrait4 ,!n ! ard5t1 ! eag]1 ! 
simple-m9d$1 ! g5]\s & ! devot$ ,m>y    
,musgrove6 ,mo/ s9c]ely did we envy     
,john ,ramsay1 ! treasure ( s pure & s  
exalt$ an affection6  ,) ! exception (  
n[ & !n a c>eless1 or inadv]t5t         
expression1 su* = in/ance1 z ! ^w       
v5turesome in/ead ( adv5tur\s1 no fault 
:atev] c be f\nd ) ,mr4 ,k5n$y's /yle4  
,x v>ies gracefully & readily ) ! nature
 ( 8 subject1 nev] s9k+1 ev5 9 ! l[     
com$y ( "s p>ts ( ! book1 into ! insipid
 or ! vulg>2 & (t51 v (t5 ris+ into !   
en]getic & sublime4 ,its g5]al "*1 z    
inde$ ! g5]al "* ( all t we h se5 f !   

same p51 is a c]ta9 unpret5d+           
simplicity1 n]v\s1 =cible1 & altoge!r   
devoid ( affectation4 ,?is is a /yle (  
writ+ above all o!rs to be desir$1 &    
above all o!rs difficult ( atta9m5t4    
,nor is x to be suppos$ t by simplicity 
we imply a rejection ( ornam5t1 or ( a  
prop] use ( ^? advantages af=d$ by      
metaphorical illu/ration4 ,a /yle       
pr(ess+ to disclaim su* advantages w\ld 
be any?+ b simple--if inde$ we might n  
be tempt$ to ?9k x v silly4 ,we h call$ 
! /yle ( ,mr4 ,k4 a /yle simple &       
=cible1 & we h no hesitation 9 call+ x1 
at ! same "t1 ri*ly figurative &        
poetical4 ,we h op5$ ! pages at r&om =  
an illu/ration ( our mean+1 & h no      
difficulty 9 f9d+ "o precisely suit$ to 
our purpose4 ,let u turn to vol4 i4 page
 #aab4--,! pa? ( invasion is ev] a      
difficult road :5 x leads aga9/ a unit$ 
p4 ,y mi/ake bo? ! disposition & ! means
 ( ^! republicans4 ,!y h bold p>tizans 9
 ! field1 & eloqu5t lead]s 9 _! s5ates4 
,! nature ( ! /rife sorts well ) _!     

quick & e>ne/ temp]s2 & by ?is man's    
play ( w> we bre$ up soldi]s :o delight 
9 ! game4 ,rebellion has long s9ce m>*$ 
beyond ! middle gr\nd1 & has no ?\ght ( 
retreat4 ,:at 0 at fir/ ! m]e ov]fl[ (  
popul> passion has be5 h>d5$ into       
pr9ciple--l a fi]y /ream ( lava :i* fir/
 rolls 9 a flood1 & !n turns into /one4 
,:ile we are ^u ! subject ( /yle1 we    
might z well say a ^w or two 9 reg>d to 
punctuation4 ,x seems to u t ! volumes  
be=e u are s+ul>ly defici5t 9 ?is       
respect--& yet we notic$ no fault ( ?is 
nature 9 ,swall[ ,b>n4 ,h[ c we         
reconcile ^! matt]s8 ,:om are we to     
blame 9 ?is p>ticul>1 ! au?or1 or !     
pr9t]8 ,x _c be said t ! po9t is "o ( no
 importance--x is ( v great importance4 
,a slov5ly punctuation w m>1 9 a great] 
or less degree1 ! brighte/ p>agraph ev] 
p5n$2 & we are c]ta9 t ^? :o h paid !   
mo/ att5tion to ?is matt]1 w n ?9k u    
hyp]critical 9 :at we say4 ,a too       
frequ5t use ( ! da% is ! besett+ s9 ( ! 
volumes n[ be=e u4 ,x is lugg$ 9 ^u all 

occasions1 & inv>iably introduc$ :]e x  
has no bus9ess :atev]4 ,ev5 ! end ( a   
s5t5ce is n sacr$ f its intrusion4 ,n[  
!re is no portion ( a pr9t]'s f\nt1 :i* 
c1 if prop]ly dispos$1 give m ( /r5g? & 
en]gy to a s5t5ce ?an ?is same da%2 &1 =
 ?is v reason1 !re is none :i* c m      
effectually1 if improp]ly arrang$1      
di/urb & di/ort ! mean+ ( e ?+ ) :i* x  
comes 9 contact4 ,b n to speak ( su*    
di/urbance or di/ortion1 a f9e ta/e w   
intuitively avoid1 ev5 9 trifles1 all t 
is unnecess>y or sup]flu\s1 & br+ no?+  
into use )\t an object or an end4 ,we d 
n wi% to dwell ^u ?is ?+1 or to make x (
 m consequ5ce ?an necess>y4 ,we w m]ely 
adduce an example ( ! punctuation to :i*
 we h allud$4 ,vide page #ach1 vol4 i4  
,w no lapse ( "t we> away ?is abhorr$   
image f y\r memory8--,are y madly b5t on
 br++ d[n mis]y on y\r head8--,i d n    
speak ( my own suff]+4--,w y =ev] nurse 
a hopeless atta*m5t = a man :om1 x mu/  
be app>5t to y\rself1 y c nev] meet     
aga98--,:om1 if ! p]ils ( ! field1 !    

av5g+ bullet ( "s loyal subject1 d n br+
 him m]it$ puni%m5t1--! halt] may rew>d1
 or1 9 8 mo/ =tunate de/9y1 disgrace1   
pov]ty1 & %ame pursue3--,are y =ev] to  
love t man8--  ,w\ld n ! above p>agraph 
read equally z well ?us3 ,w no lapse (  
"t we> away ?is abhorr$ image f y\r     
memory8 ,are y madly b5t on br++ d[n    
mis]y on y\r head8 ,i d n speak ( my own
 suff]+4 ,w y =ev] nurse a hopeless     
atta*m5t = a man :om1 x mu/ be app>5t to
 y\rself1 y c nev] meet aga9--:om1 if ! 
p]ils ( ! field1 ! av5g+ bullet ( "s    
loyal subject1 d n br+ him m]it$        
puni%m5t1 ! halt] may rew>d1 or1 9 8 m  
=tunate de/9y1 disgrace1 pov]ty & %ame  
pursue8 ,are y =ev] to love t man8  ,!  
second ( ,mr4 ,k's volumes is1 f a      
naturally increas+ int]e/ tak5 9 !      
=tunes ( ! lead+ *>act]s1 by f> ! mo/   
excit+4 ,b we c confid5tly recomm5d !m  
bo? to ! lov]s ( ! =cible1 ! adv5tur\s1 
! /irr+1 & ! picturesque4 ,!y w n be    
disappo9t$4 ,a high tone ( morality1    
heal?y & mascul9e1 brea!s ?r\gh\t !     

book1 & a rigid--p]haps a too           
scrupul\sly rigid poetical ju/ice is    
dealt out to ! great & little villa9s ( 
! /ory--! ,tyrrells1 ! ,wat ,adairs1 !  
,currys1 & ! ,hab]%ams ( ! drama4 ,9    
conclusion1 we prophecy t ,horse-,%oe   
,rob9son w be eag]ly read by all classes
 ( p1 & _c fail to place ,mr4 ,k5n$y 9 a
 high rank among ! writ]s ( ?is or ( any
 o!r c\ntry4 ,we regret t ! late p]iod (
 receiv+ 8 book w n all[ u to take t    
ext5d$ notice ( x :i* we c\ld desire4   
99       99       99       99       99  
,,j\rnal--,by ,,frances ,,anne ,,butl]4 
,philadelphia3 ,c>ey1 ,lea  ,blan*>d4   
,pres5t$ to ! ,editor ( ! ,mess5g]1 by  
,mr4 ,c4 ,hall4  ,p]haps no book has1 = 
_m ye>s1 be5 look$ =1 long previ\s to   
its publication1 ) su* int5se curiosity1
 z ?is record ( ,miss ,fanny ,kemble's  
obs]vations & op9ions ( m5 & wom51      
mann]s & cu/oms1 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,we 
say ,miss ,fanny ,kemble's op9ions--=   
:ile be>+ t "n1 mo/ ( ^? op9ions 7 =m$4 
,"u t "n %e 0 hail$ 9 ?is c\ntry1 z !   

inh]itress ( ! g5ius ( ,mrs4 ,siddons1  
^: fame is connect$ 9 ! m9ds ( ,am]icans
 ) all t is noble1 & maje/ic1 & p[]ful 9
 ! dramatic art4 ,"u t "n %e receiv$ !  
admiration ( ?\s&s1 0 made a %>] ( !    
hospitality ( _m ( ! mo/ di/+ui%$       
citiz5s ( ! c\ntry--& receiv$ a homage  
to :i* no?+ b ! highe/ g5ius1 & ! pure/ 
moral wor? c\ld h entitl$ h]4 ,x is n   
!re=e z ,mrs4 ,frances ,anne ,butl]1 !  
wife ( an ,am]ican citiz51 t we look ^u 
h] 9 h] "* ( au?oress--b z ! favorite   
actress1 applaud$ to ! e*o1 surfeit$ )  
flatt]y1 & load$ ) pecuni>y rew>ds4#a ,x
 is impossible to consid] ?is book 9 any
 o!r ?an a p]sonal po9t ( view4 ,its v  
=m =bids our sep>at+ ! au?or f ! "w--!  
op9ions & s5tim5ts1 f ! individual :o   
utt]s !m4 ,! idea ( bo? exi/ 9 an       
indivisible amalgamation4 ,nor we fe>1 w
 x be possible = n9e-t5?s ( h] read]s to
 weigh a s+le expression ( ,fanny       
,kemble ! au?oress1 unm+l$ ) ! idea (   
,fanny ,kemble ! actress1 ! />--! obs]v$
 ( all obs]v]s4 ,h5ce ?is ,j\rnal w h an

 effect probably f> beyond !            
anticipations ( its writ]4 ,x w n only  
be look$ ^u z ! te/ ( ,mrs4 ,butl]'s    
ability z an au?or2 b x w1 :e!r ju/ly or
 n1 convey to ! ?\s&s :o h already      
p]us$1 & ! t5s ( ?\s&s :o w h]eaft]     
p]use x1 a picture ( h] "* &            
dispositions4 ,! picture may1 & d\btless
 w be an exagg]at$ "o--few pictures are 
o!rwise2 b /ill x w be receiv$ z true1  
because ! outl9es h be5 trac$ by !      
orig9al h]self4 ,we are sorry to say t !
 c\nt]feit resemblance ( ! fair         
au?oress1 pres5t$ by h] book1 displays  
_m h>% & ill-favor$ l9eam5ts1 & ! traces
 ( passions :i* we c\ld wi% did n       
disfigure its _m noble & magnanim\s     
features4 ,mrs4 ,butl] _c claim = h]self
 ! immunity :i* %e aw>ds ) great ju/ice 
to poetical writ]s1 ( a di/9ction betwe5
 _! real & _! writt5 s5tim5ts4#b ,if ?is
 book conta9s z we suppose1 ! fai?ful   
transcripts ( h] daily obs]vations &    
op9ions1 revis$ long aft] !y 7 p5n$1 &  
?us exhibit+ h] true1 unexagg]at$       

impressions1 by !m mu/ %e be judg$--& 9 
pass+ judgm5t ^u h] "w1 a c&id critic w 
f9d mu*1 v mu*1 to admire & approve1 &  
mu* also to c5sure & condemn4  ,footnote
 #a3 ,we are f> f wi%+ to convey ! idea 
t a popul> actor ( real m]it is 9 any   
way plac$ "u obligation1 7especially su*
 an obligation z w\ld r5d] x improp] or 
ungrateful = him to speak ) fre$om ( !  
communities ( :i* 8 audi5ces =m$ p>ts17 
by ! pecuni>y b5efits receiv$ f ! public
 = ! exhibition ( 8 tal5ts4 ,mrs4 ,butl]
 has1 we ?9k1 settl$ t "q 9 h] book2 & x
 w be bett] = bo? ! audi5ces & ! actors1
 :5ev] diff]5ces arise betwe5 !m1 to    
consid] ea* o!r on ! foot+ ( equality1  
:i* %e po9ts out z ! equitable &        
common-s5se relation ( ! two p>ties4    
,no?+ c be m rational ?an ! foll[+3  ,x 
may n be amiss "h to say "o ^w ) reg>d  
to ! gratitude :i* audi5ces 9 "s p>ts ( 
! _w claim f actors1 & ab\t :i* ,i h    
lately he>d a mo/ al>m+ out-cry4 ,d     
actors g5]ally ex]cise _! pr(ession to  
please !mselves & gratify _! own        

especial delight 9 self-exhibition8 ,is 
t pr(ession 9 its highe/ walks "o (     
small physical ex]tion & fatigue1 7,i   
say no?+ ( m5tal ex]tion7 & 9 its l[]   
pa?s is x "o ( mu* ga91 glory1 or ease8 
,d audi5ces1 on ! o!r h&1 use to come 9 
cr[ds to play-h\ses to see indiff]5t    
p]=m]s8 & :5 !re d !y out ( pure *>ity &
 good-w1 be/[ _! applause z well z _!   
money ^u tiresome p]=m]s8--,i w answ] ^!
 po9ts z f> z reg>ds myself1 & !re9     
express ! gratitude :i* ,i feel t[>ds ! 
frequ5t]s ( !atres4 ,i individually     
dislik$ my pr(ession1 & _h nei!r pride  
nor pleasure 9 ! ex]cise ( x4 ,i ex]cis$
 x z a matt] ( necessity1 to e>n my     
bread1--& v]ily x 0 9 ! sweat ( my br[4 
,! p>ts :i* fell to my lot 7 ( a mo/    
labori\s nature1 & occasion$ sometimes  
viol5t m5tal excitem5t1 always imm5se   
physical ex]tion1 & sometimes bo?4 ,9 ^?
 humbl] walks ( my pr(ession1 f ^:      
we>isom5ess ,i 0 exempt$ by my sudd5    
favor ) ! public1 ,i h se51 ?\gh n kn[n1
 ! mo/ pa9ful drudg]y1--! mo/ con/ant   

fatigue1--! mo/ sad contra/ betwe5 real 
c>es & feign$ m]rim5ts1--! mo/ anxi\s   
p5uri\s & labori\s exi/5ce imag9able4 ,=
 ! "p ( my "q :i* reg>d$ ! audi5ces1 ,i 
h only to say1 t ,i nev] knew1 saw1 he>d
 or read ( any set ( p :o w5t to a      
play-h\se to see :at !y did n l2 ?is be+
 ! case x nev] occurr$ to me t our h\ses
 7 full b z a necess>y consequ5ce ( our 
own attraction1 or t we 7 applaud$1 b z 
! result ( our own ex]tions4 ,i 0 glad !
 h\ses 7 full1 because ,i 0 e>n+ my     
livelihood1 & want$ ! money2 & ,i 0 glad
 ! p applaud$ u1 because x is pleasant  
to please1 & human vanity w f9d "s      
sweetness 9 praise1 ev5 :5 reason weighs
 its wor? mo/ ju/ly4 ,vol4 ii4 pp4      
#aji-aaj4  ,footnote #b3 ,moore talks   
ab\t ,byron's writ+ ) ! same p5 full (  
ink1 ',adieu1 adieu1 my native l&1' &   
',hurra1 ,hodgson1 we are go+4' ,x      
proves no?+1 except :at ,i firmly       
believe1 t we mu/ n look = ! real feel+s
 ( writ]s to _! works--or r t :at !y    
give u1 & :at we take = he>t feel+1 is  

head weav+--a species ( emotion eng5d]$ 
some:]e betwixt ! bosom & ! bra91 & be>+
 ! same proportion ( resemblance to     
reality t a picture does--t is--l feel+1
 b n feel+--l sadness1 b n sadness--l   
:at x appe>s1 b n inde$ t v ?+3 & !     
great] a man's p[] ( ?us produc+ %am    
realities1 ! great] 8 qualification =   
be+ a poet4 ,j\rnal1 vol4 i41 pp4       
#ba-bb4  ,we h read ,mrs4 ,butl]'s "w ) 
untir+ int]e/--inde$ ! vivacity ( its   
/yle1 ! frequ5t occurr5ce ( beautiful   
descriptions1 ( j & =cible obs]vations1 
& _m s\nd views ( ! condition ( society 
9 ?is c\ntry--! num]\s *>act]i/ic       
anecdotes1 & "s mo/ discrim9at+         
criticisms ( actors & act+1 mu/ /amp h] 
"w z "o ( no ord9>y m]it4 ,& ^!         
attractions 9 a great measure           
neutralize1 al?\gh !y _c r$eem1 h]      
innum]able faults ( language1 h] /urdy  
prejudices1 h] ha/y op9ions1 & h]       
ung5]\s s>casms--,^! ab\nd 9 ! ,j\rnal1 
& yet x is m ?an probable t h] c5sori\s 
_s has to a great ext5t be5 suppress$1 z

 almo/ e page is /udd$ ) a/]isks1       
indicat+1 we may presume1 t h] s9s (    
ha/y c5sure h be5 greatly dim9i%$ to !  
public eye1 by ! sav+ grace ( omission4 
,! defects ( ! "w are n conf9$ to !     
exhibition ( prejudices & ! expression (
 unju/ op9ions3 ! /yle & language is (t5
 co>se1 we might say vulg>2 & h] m      
impassion$ exclamations are (t5         
*>act]iz$ by a vehem5ce :i* is v l      
pr(anity1 an (f5ce t w\ld n be tol]at$ 9
 a writ] ( ! o!r sex4 ,we cite a few1 f 
among ! _m passages :i* we h not$1 z    
specim5s ( undignifi$1 unfem99e &       
uns*ol>like phraseology3 ,! ^w dawdl$   
seems a great favorite ) ,mrs4          
,butl]--z1 = in/ance3 ,rose at eight1   
dawdl$ ab\t1 c4 vol4 i4 p4 #ah4 ,rose at
 half pa/ eight1 dawdl$ ab\t z usual1 p4
 #ba4 ,came up & dawdl$ ^u deck1 p4 #dg4
 ,came home1 daudl$ ab\t my room1 p4    
#ig4--;,& 9 numb]less o!r in/ances ?is  
^w is us$1 app>5tly1 to signify loit]+  
or dally+1 spell$ indiscrim9ately       
dawdl$1 or daudl$4 ,inde$ s mu* does our

 fair au?oress seem to h be5 addict$ to 
! habit :i* ! ^w implies--be x :at x    
may--t 9 ! second volume %e speaks (    
hav+ dress$ = once )\t dawdl+1 z an     
uncommon occurr5ce4 ,%e is also fond ( !
 ^w gulp1 & uses x 9 /range comb9ations1
 z--,my de> fa!r1 :o 0 a little elat$1  
made me s+ to him1 :i* ,i greatly gulp$ 
at1 p4 #fa4 ,i gulp$1 sat d[n1 & 0      
measur$1 7= a pair ( %oes17 p4 #ajc--on 
! edge ( a precipice1 sev]al hundr$ feet
 d[n into ! valley3 x made me gulp to   
look at x1 c4  ,at page #ig1 %e tells u1
 t :5 ! g5tlem5 jo9$ u !y 7 all m or    
less 'h[ come'd y s inde$8' & %ortly    
aft]1 !y all w5t away 9 good "t1 & we   
came to b$3                             
------------------------------------,to 
b$--to sleep--   ,to sleep6--p]*ance to 
be bitt56 aye--!re's ! scrat*3   ,& 9 t 
sleep ( our's :at bugs may come1   ,mu/ 
give u pause4  ,%e ?us describes !      
motions ( p]sons on %ip-bo>d1 9 r\gh    
wea!r3 ,ru%+ hi!r & ?i!r 9 all          
directions b ! "o !y purpose go+1 & mak+

 z _m angles1 fet*es1 & ridicul\s       
deviations f ! po9t !y aim at1 z if !   
devil _h ti$ a /r+ to _! legs1 & j]k$ x 
e n[ & !n 9 spite4 p4 #ah4  ,at page    
#ii3 ,supp$1 lay d[n on ! floor 9       
absolute melt9ess away1 & !n came to b$4
 ,:5 ,i w5t on1 ,i 0 all b tumbl+ d[n at
 ! sight ( my ,jaffi]1 :o look$ l !     
apo!c>y 9 ,romeo & ,juliet1 ) ! addition
 ( "s devili% r$ sla%es along 8 ?ighs & 
arms1 p4 #ajg4 ,away wallop$ ! f\r      
horses1 c4 p4 #aca4 ,h[ !y did wallop & 
%amble ab\t1 c4 p4 #adi4 ,n[ ,i'll g to 
b$2 my c\gh's en\gh to kill a horse1 p4 
#aec4 ,heav5 bless ! _w1 = a conglom]at$
 amalgamation ( fools1 p4 #aij4 ,he     
talk$ an amaz+ quantity ( ?icki%        
philosophy1 & moral & s5tim5tal pott]4  
,9 tru?1 pott] & pott]+1 seem to be     
favorites equally ) daudl+1 & %e z      
frequ5tly makes use ( !m4 ,= in/ance1   
,he sat d[n1 & pott]$ a little1 p4 #eh4 
,!y took snuff1 eat cakes1 & pott]$ a   
deal1 p4 #ahb4 ,aft] d9n] pott]$ ab\t   
clo!s1 c4 p4 #bbj4 ,sat /it*+ & pott]+  

an inf9ity1 p4 #bcj--;& _m o!r v>ieties 
( ! same ^w4 ,b ( ! inf9ite numb] (     
lit]>y novelties ( ?is sort1 x w\ld be  
impossible1 )9 ! limits we h prescrib$  
to ourselves1 to give m ?an a few       
specim5s4 ,we w take two or ?ree m at   
r&om3 ,my feet got s p]i%$ ) ! cold1 t  
,i didn't "k :at to d1 p4 #bcj4 ,he 0   
mo/ exce$+ly odd & dauldrumi%4 ,i ?9k he
 0 a little 'h[ come'd y s inde$4' p4   
#aie2 ye/]day began l ,may1 ) fl[]s &   
sun-%9e1 x end$ l ,decemb]1 ) ! sulks1 &
 a fit ( cry+4 ,! =m] 7 furni%$ me by my
 fri5ds & ,heav51 ! latt] by myself & ! 
d----l4 p4 #aih4 ,at six o'clock1 ,d----
 r\s$ me2 & grumpily en\gh ,i arose4    
#a;b4 ,at "o o'clock1 came home1 hav+   
danc$ myself fairly (f my legs4 p4 #bbg4
  ,su* blemi%es z ^!1 app>5tly unit+ !  
slang ( ! bo>d+ s*ool & ! gre5 room1    
de=m ! "w ( ,mrs4 ,butl]1 & are mu* to  
be lam5t$1 became !y may h ! effect (   
bl9d+ ! ha/y1 prejudic$ or fa/idi\s     
read]1 to ! _m beauties :i* are to be   
f\nd 9 its pages4 ,inde$ ! "w has       

already enc\nt]$ ! sev]e/ criticisms f !
 newspap] press1 imbitt]$ by ! _m       
c5sori\s rem>ks ( ,mrs4 ,b4 ^u ! mann]s 
& in/itutions ( ! c\ntry2 h] sev]e1 & 9 
_m in/ances j /rictures ^u ! /ate (     
society 9 ! cities 9 :i* %e soj\rn$2 & !
 sup]cili\s sne]s :i* %e has utt]$ aga9/
 ! editorial frat]nity1 ! press gang1 z 
%e unc\rte\sly d5om9ates t num]\s &     
p[]ful body4 ,! c5sures ( h] book1 are  
d\btless1 9 ! ma91 well des]v$2 b 9 _!  
excess1 ! m]its :i* ! ,j\rnal           
unque/ionably possesses 9 great         
abundance & ( a high ord]1 h 9 _m cases 
be5 pass$ by unhe$$ by h] indignant     
critics4 ,& "h we _c refra9 f ! utt]ance
 ( a rem>k :i* has frequ5tly occurr$ to 
u1 & :i* is br\ght =cibly to m9d by !   
reception :i* ,mrs4 ,butl]'s criticisms 
^u ,am]ica h met )3 we ?9k t too mu*    
s5sitiv5ess is felt by our c\ntrym51 at 
! unfavorable op9ions express$ by       
=eign]s1 9 reg>d to our social1         
political1 & moral condition--& t !     
press1 z ! organ ( public s5tim5t1 is   

prone to "w itself into a sup]flu\s     
fr5zy ( indignation1 at :at are g5]ally 
consid]$ =eign libels ^u u4 ,to be      
indignant at gross misrepres5tations (  
our c\ntry1 is an exhibition (          
patriotism 9 "o ( its mo/ laudable =ms4 
,b ! s5tim5t may be c>ri$ too f>1 & may 
bl9d u to evils & defici5cies 9 our     
condition1 :5 po9t$ out by a =eign]1 :i*
 x w\ld be well = u r to consid] ) a    
view to _! am5dm5t4 ,x may s f> blunt   
our s5se ( ! ju/ice ( ! maxim fas e/1 ab
 ho/e doc]i1 z to induce u to ent]ta9   
jeal\sy & av]sion = ! mo/ judici\s      
sugge/ions1 if (f]$ by o!rs ?an our own 
c\ntrym54 ,ent]ta9+ ^! views1 we h read 
,mrs4 ,butl]'s "w1 ) a disposition to   
judge ( x imp>tially2 & :ile we h       
p]ceiv$ _m in/ances ( capti\s compla9ts 
9 reg>d to matt]s ( trifl+ importance 9 
!mselves2 & frequ5tly a disposition to  
build up g5]al c5sures ^u p>tial1       
individual causes ( disgu/1 displeasure 
or disappo9tm5t--we feel b\nd to say1 t1
 tak+ ! "w z a :ole1 we d n ?9k a       

delib]ate disposition to misrepres5t1 or
 a desire to depreciate u1 c be discov]$
 9 x4 ,! /rictures ^u our modes ( liv+1 
our social relations1 c4 are (t5 unwor?y
 ! writ]4 ,%e compla9s = in/ance1 t !   
?+s 7at ! hotel 9 ,new ,york17 7 put on 
! table 9 a slov5ly1 outl&i% fa%ion2    
fi%1 s\p1 & meat1 at once1 & pudd+s1 &  
t>ts1 & *eese1 at ano!r once2 no f+]    
glasses1 & a pat*$ table clo?--9 %ort1 a
 want ( t /yle & neatness :i* is f\nd 9 
e hotel 9 ,engl&4 ,! wait]s too1 rem9d u
 ( ! half-savage highl& lads1 t us$ to  
torm5t u "u t d5om9ation 9 ,glasg[--only
 t !y 7 wild ,iri% in/ead ( ,scot*4 vol4
 i4 p4 #di4  ,frequ5tly too1 %e compla9s
 ( ! audi5ces be=e :om %e p]=m$1 )      
occasional repro( ( _! ungraci\s conduct
 9 n suffici5tly applaud+ h] fa!r or    
h]self3 ,%e says1 ( ! fir/ appe>ance ( !
 =m] at ! ,p>k ,!atre3  ,:5 he came on  
!y gave him :at e body "h calls an      
imm5se reception2 b !y %\ld see our     
,london audi5ce get up1 & wave hats &   
h&k]*iefs1 & %\t welcome z !y us$ to d  

to u4 ,! te>s 7 9 my eyes1 & all ,i c\ld
 say 01 '!y might z well get up1 ,i     
?9k4' ,vol4 i4 p4 #ic4--;,& on ano!r    
occasion3 ,! p 7 /upid to a degree to be
 sure2 poor ?+s1 x 0 v hot4 ,inde$ ,i   
sc>cely und]/ood h[ !y %\ld be amus$ ) !
 ,s*ool = ,sc&al2 = ?\gh ! dramatic     
situations are s exquisite1 yet ! wit is
 f> above ! g5]ality ( ev5 our own      
audi5ces1 & ! tone & mann]s altoge!r are
 s ?or\ghly ,engli%1 t ,i %\ld ?9k x mu/
 be = ! mo/ "p incompreh5sible to ! good
 p "h1--p4 #aaj4  ,at ! ,philadelphia   
audi5ces1 %e grumbles z foll[s3  ,!     
audi5ces "h1 are )\t exception1 ! mo/   
disagreeable ,i ev] play$ to4 ,n a s+le 
h& did !y give ! balcony sc5e1 or my    
fa!r's sc5e ) ! fri>2 !y are lit]ally   
immoveable4 ,!y applaud$ vehem5tly at ! 
end ( my draught sc5e1 & a great deal at
 ! end ( ! play2 b !y are nev]!less     
intol]ably dull1 & x is all b impossible
 to act to !m1--p4 #aeg4  ,( ! ladies ( 
?is c\ntry1 %e seems to h =m$ a l[      
e/imate 9 _m respects1 & to look ^u !m  

g5]ally ) no little contempt4 ,( ^? 9   
,new ,york1 %e says3 ,! wom5 dress v    
mu*1 & v mu* l ,fr5* wom5 gone mad2 !y  
all ( !m seem to me to walk horribly    
ill1 z if !y wore tight %oes4--,& aga93 
,! wom5 "h1 l ^? 9 mo/ w>m climates1    
rip5 v e>ly1 & decay proportionably     
soon4 ,!y are1 g5]ally speak+1 pretty1 )
 good complexions1 & an air ( fre%ness &
 brilliancy1 b ?is ,i am told is v      
evanesc5t2 & :]eas1 9 ,engl&1 a woman is
 9 ! full bloom ( heal? & beauty1 f     
tw5ty to five & ?irty2 "h1 !y sc>ce rea*
 ! fir/ p]iod )\t be+ fad$1 & look+ old4
 ,!y m>ry v "y1 & ?is is ano!r reason :y
 age comes prematurely ^u !m4 ,!re 0 a  
fair "y ?+ at d9n] to-day1 :o did n look
 above sev5te51 & %e 0 a wife4 ,z = _!  
figures1 l ^? ( ! ,fr5* wom51 !y are too
 well dress$ = "o to judge exactly :at  
!y are really l3 !y are1 = ! mo/ "p1    
%ort & slight1 ) rem>kably pretty feet &
 ancles2 b !re's too mu* pel]9e &       
petticoat1 & 'de quoi' ( e sort to guess
 any ?+ m1--p4 #hh4  ,?is is a delicate 

subject1 & "o on :i* we %\ld be av]se to
 ent] ! li/s ) ,mrs4 ,butl]1 prejudic$ z
 %e mo/ probably is4 ,b "s ( h]         
obs]vations on ! mode ( nurtur+ females1
 /rike u z exhibit+ good s5se3 ,9 !     
foll[+ note to ! above1 we appreh5d !re 
is mu* tru?3  ,! climate ( ?is c\ntry is
 made ! scape-goat ^u :i* all ! ill     
looks1 & ill heal? ( ! ladies is laid2 b
 :ile !y are br\ght up z effem9ately z  
!y are1 take z little ex]cise1 live 9   
rooms heat$ l ov5s dur+ ! w9t]1 & m>ry z
 e>ly z !y d2 x w appe> evid5t1 t _m    
causes comb9e ) an extremely v>iable    
climate1 to sall[ _! complexions1 &     
de/roy _! con/itutions4  ,we are sorry  
to be =c$ to say1 t !re is also mu* s\nd
 s5se & unwelcome tru? 9 h] rem>ks ^u ! 
situation ( m>ri$ females 9 our         
fa%ionable circles g5]ally1 7al?\gh !   
picture is ov]wr\ght & is m peculi>ly   
applicable to nor!rn females17 :i* we   
quote f ,vol i4 p4 #afj4  ,! dignifi$ & 
graceful influ5ce :i* m>ri$ wom5 among u
 ex]cise ov] ! tone ( mann]s1 unit+ !   

duties ( home to ! *>ms ( social life2 &
 be>+1 at once1 l ! orange tree ! fair  
fruits ( maturity ) ! blossoms ( _!     
spr+1 is utt]ly unkn[n "h4 ,m>ri$ wom5  
are ei!r h\se-drudges & nurs]y-maids1   
or1 if !y appe> 9 society1 comp>ative   
cyph]s2 & ! retir+1 mode/ y\?ful be>+1  
:i* among u di/+ui%es girls ( fifte5 or 
sixte5 is equally unkn[n4 ,society is   
entirely l$ by *its1 :o 9 ,engl& w\ld be
 sitt+ beh9d a p9a=e2 ! consequ5ce is1 t
 x has nei!r ! elegance1 ref9em5t1 nor !
 propriety :i* belong to ours2 b is a   
noisy1 racketty1 vulg> congregation (   
flirt+ boys & girls1 alike )\t /yle &   
decorum4  ,?is view ( mann]s is drawn f 
! society ( ! cities ( ,new ,york &     
,philadelphia2--app5d$ to ! above       
extract1 is a note1 ent]+ m into !      
details ( h] impressions reg>d+ _!      
fa%ionable circles1 :i* we give entire3 
,:5 we arriv$ 9 ,am]ica1 we br\ght      
lett]s ( introduction to sev]al p]sons 9
 ,new ,york2 _m 7 civil en\gh to call ^u
 u1 we 7 invit$ out to sundry p>ties1 & 

7 introduc$ into :at is !re call$ ! fir/
 society4 ,i d n wi% to ent] into any   
description ( x1 b w only say1 t ,i 0   
mo/ disagreeably a/oni%$2 & _h x be5 my 
fate to h pass$ ?r\gh ! c\ntry z rapidly
 z mo/ travell]s d1 ,i %\ld h c>ri$ away
 a v unfavorable impression ( ! be/     
society ( ,new ,york4 ,=tunately1 h[ev]1
 = me1 my visits 7 repeat$ & my /ay     
prolong$3 & 9 ! c\rse ( "t ,i became    
acqua9t$ ) _m individuals ^: mann]s &   
acquirem5ts 7 ( a high ord]1 & f ^:     
int]c\rse ,i d]iv$ ! greate/            
gratification4 ,b !y g5]ally did me !   
favor to visit me1 & ,i /ill c\ld n     
imag9e h[ x happ5$ t ,i nev] met !m at !
 p>ties to :i* ,i 0 invit$1 & 9 !       
circles :]e ,i visit$4 ,i soon discov]$ 
t !y =m$ a society among !mselves1 :]e  
all ^? qualities :i* ,i _h look$ = among
 ! self-/yl$ be/1 7 to be f\nd4 ,:5 ,i  
"n ,miss ,s$gewick1 ,halleck1 ,irv+1    
,bryant1 ,pauld+ & "s ( less fame1 b ^: 
acquirem5ts r5d]$ _! companion%ip       
delightful inde$1 among/ :om ,i felt    

pr\d & happy to f9d sev]al ( my own "n2 
x w no long] appe> s+ul> t !y %\ld feel 
too well satisfi$ ) ! res\rces ( _! own 
society1 ei!r to m+le 9 t ( ! vulg>     
fa%ionables1 or seek ) avidity !        
acqua9tance ( e /rang] t arrives 9 ,new 
,york4 ,x is n to be wond]$ at1 t       
=eign]s h spok5 z !y h1 ( :at is t]m$   
fa%ionable society "h1 or h condemn$1 ) 
unqualifi$ c5sure1 ! mann]s & tone      
prevail+ 9 x2 _! condemnations are true 
& j z reg>ds :at !y see3 nor p]haps1    
w\ld !y be mu* incl9$ to mod]ate !m1 :5 
!y f\nd t p]sons possess+ e quality t c 
r5d] int]c\rse betwe5 rational creatures
 desirable1 7 held 9 light e/eem1 &     
neglect$1 z ei!r bores1 blues1 or       
d[dies1 by ^? s inf9itely _! inf]iors 9 
e wor?y accompli%m5t4 ,! same sep>ation1
 or if any?+ a /ill /rong] "o1 subsi/s 9
 ,philadelphia1 betwe5 ! self-/yl$      
fa%ionables1 & ! real good society4 ,!  
di/9ction !re1 is really ( a nature     
p]fectly ludicr\s2 a fri5d ( m9e 0      
describ+ to me a family ^: mann]s 7     

unexceptionable1 & ^: m5tal             
accompli%m5ts 7 ( a high ord]2 ^u my    
express+ "s surprise t ,i _h nev] met ) 
!m1 my in=mant repli$1 ',oh1 no1 !y are 
n receiv$ by ! ,*e/nut /reet set4' ,if  
,i 7 call$ ^u to def9e t society 9 ,new 
,york & ,philadelphia1 :i* ranks 7by "r 
( self-arrogation17 z fir/ & be/2 ,i    
%\ld say x is a purely danc+ society1   
:]e a fiddle is indisp5sable to keep its
 memb]s awake2 & :]e _! bra9s & tongues 
seem1 by common cons5t1 to feel t !y _h 
mu* bett] give up ! c>e ( mutual        
ent]ta9m5t to ! feet ( ! p>ties         
assembl$1 & !y judge well4 ,n[1 ,i beg  
leave cle>ly to be und]/ood1 !re is     
ano!r1 & a f> m desirable circle2 b x is
 n ! "o into :i* /rang]s f9d _! way     
g5]ally4 ,to an ,engli%man1 ?is         
fa%ionable society pres5ts1 inde$1 a    
pitiful sample ( l(ty pret5sions )\t    
adequate f\ndation4 ,"h is a con/ant    
endeavor to imitate ^? /ates ( ,european
 society1 :i* h = _! basis ! feudal _s (
 ! e>ly ages2 & :i* are r5d]$ v5]able by

 _! rank1 p[]ful by _! weal?1 & ref9$1 &
 9 "s degree respectable1 by great &    
g5]al m5tal cultivation4 ,( ,bo/on ,i h 
n spok54 ,! society !re1 is ( an        
inf9itely sup]ior ord]4 ,a v g5]al      
degree ( in=mation1 & a mu* great]      
simplicity ( mann]s r5d] x inf9itely m  
agreeable1--pp4 #afa-b4  ,z few matt]s1 
worldly or spiritual1 escap$ !          
obs]vation ( our au?oress1 x is n       
wond]ful t h] p5 0 occasionally dipp$ 9 
! political cauldron4 ,b z h] ideas are 
9 mo/ in/ances t+$ ) h] own national    
prejudices1 we %all n dwell ^u !m long] 
?an to say t %e sees already a decid$   
ari/ocratic t5d5cy among u1 & to quote !
 foll[+ summ>y ( h] op9ion z to !       
p]man5ce ( our in/itutions &            
gov]nm5t3--,i believe 9 my he>t t a     
republic is ! noble/1 highe/1 & pure/ =m
 ( gov]nm5t2 b ,i believe t accord+ to !
 pres5t disposition ( human creatures1  
'tis a m]e beau ideal1 totally incapable
 ( realization4 ,:at ! _w may be fit =  
six hundr$ ye>s h5ce1 ,i _c exactly     

p]ceive--b 9 ! mean "t1 'tis my         
conviction t ,am]ica w be a mon>*y be=e 
,i am a skeleton4 p4 #ef4 ,if argum5t ) 
a lady on su* a subject c\ld be         
reconcil$ to ! precepts ( gallantry1 x  
w\ld c]ta9ly be unpr(itable :]e ! causes
 ( h] belief are s vaguely /at$4 ,& we  
?9k %e has furni%$ ! be/ argum5t aga9/  
h]self 9 h] frequ5t comp>isons ( !      
condition ( ! mass ( ! p ( ?is c\ntry to
 t ( ! labor+ class 9 ,engl&1 9 :i* %e  
con/antly decides 9 favor ( ,am]ica4 ,x 
w sc>cely be argu$ t a p enjoy+ su*     
bless+s z %e ascribes to ! condition ( !
 mass ( ,am]ican citiz5s1 c\ld easily be
 induc$ to *ange _! gov]nm5t1 & yield up
 a c]ta9 good = a d\btful improvem5t--f>
 less t !y w\ld will+ly submit to a =m (
 gov]nm5t :i* !y look ^u z p>ticul>ly   
odi\s4 ,! foll[+ passage %[s :at are h] 
views ( ! condition ( ! labor+ classes  
among u3  ,i nev] 0 s =cibly /ruck ) !  
prosp]ity & happ9ess ( ! l[] ord]s (    
society 9 ?is c\ntry1 z ye/]day return+ 
f ,hobok54 ,! walks along ! riv] & ?r\gh

 ! woods1 ! /eam]s cross+ f ! city1 7   
absolutely ?rong$ ) a *e]ful1           
well-dress$ population abroad1 m]ely = !
 purpose ( pleasure & ex]cise4          
,j\rneym51 labor]s1 h&icraftsm51        
tradespeople1 ) _! families1 be>+ all 9 
_! dress & looks evid5t signs ( well-be+
 & cont5tm5t1 7 all flock+ f _! conf9$  
avocations1 into ! pure air1 ! bright   
sun%9e1 & beautiful %ade ( ?is lovely   
place4 ,i d n "k any spectacle :i* c\ld 
give a =eign]1 especially an ,engli%man1
 a bett] illu/ration ( t peculi>        
excell5ce ( ! ,am]ican gov]nm5t--!      
fre$om & happ9ess ( ! l[] classes4      
,nei!r is x to be said t ?is 0 a        
holiday1 or an occasion ( peculi>       
fe/ivity--x 0 a common week-day--su* z  
our mis]able manufactur+ population     
sp5ds f sun-rise to sun-d[n1 9 conf9$1  
incessant1 unheal?y toil--to e>n1 at its
 conclusion1 ! inadequate rew>d ( heal? 
& happ9ess s wa/$--! contra/ /ruck me   
=cibly--x rejoic$ my he>t2 x surely 0 an
 object ( contemplation1 t any "o :o _h 

a he>t mu/ h rejoic$ 94  ,we _h int5d$  
to make sev]al additional extracts f :at
 we ?9k ! bett] portions ( ! ,j\rnal1   
su* z w\ld exhibit ! au?oress 9 h] mo/  
favorable light4 ,b we h daudl$ s long  
on ! way1 t ^? extracts mu/ be brief1 & 
w probably fail to d ! ju/ice we propos$
 to ! fair writ]4 ,z h[ev]1 we h n      
select$ ! wor/ ( ! passages f ^? :i* we 
deem$ x our duty to c5sure1 we may be   
=giv51 if we %\ld fail to quote ! be/ ( 
^? :i* exhibit h] good s5se & ability z 
a writ]4  ,( ! fate ( ! aborig9es ( ?is 
c\ntry1 %e says3  ,! *as+1 enslav+1 &   
de/roy+ creatures1 ^: exi/5ce1 h[ev]    
inf]ior1 is z ju/ly !irs1 z t ( ! mo/   
ref9$ ,european is 82 :o = ! mo/ "p1    
too1 receive _! enemies ) op5-h&$       
hospitality1 until taught trea*]y by be+
 betray$1 & cruelty by fe>2 ! driv+ !   
*ild ( ! soil (f x1 or1 :at is fifty    
times worse1 *a9+ him to till x2 all !  
v>i\s =ms ( desolation :i* h ev] foll[$ 
! l&+ ( civiliz$ m5 ^u unciviliz$ %ores2
 9 %ort1 ! !ory & practice ( discov]y & 

conque/1 z record$ 9 all hi/ory1 is a v 
s+ul> & pa9ful subject ( contemplation4 
',tis true1 t cultivation &             
civilization1 ! arts & sci5ces t r5d]   
life useful1 ! k t ennobles1 ! adornm5ts
 t ref9e exi/5ce1 above all1 ! religion 
t is its mo/ sacr$ tru/ & de> rew>d1 all
 ^!1 l pure sun%9e & heal?ful airs      
foll[+ a hurricane1 succe$ ! deva/ation 
( ! invad]2 b ! suff]+s ( ^? :o are     
swept away are n ! less1 & ?\gh ,i      
believe t good alone is ,god's result1 x
 seems a fe>ful pro( ( ! evil :]e) ?is  
e>? is curs$1 t good _c progress b ov]  
su* a pa?4 ,no "o1 behold+ ! prosp]\s & 
promis+ /ate ( ?is f9e c\ntry1 c\ld wi% 
x aga9 unt5ant$ ( its ent]pris+ &       
indu/ri\s possessors2 yet ev5 :ile look+
 ) admiration at all !y h a*iev$1 )     
expectation am\nt+ to c]ta9ty to all t  
!y w yet accompli%2 'tis difficult to   
refra9 f be/[+ "s ?\ghts ( pity & (     
sadness ^u ^?1 ^: homes h be5 ov]turn$1 
^: language has pa/ away1 & ^: feet are 
daily driv5 fur!r f ^? t]ritories ( :i* 

!y 7 once sole & sov]eign lords4 ,h[    
/range x is to ?9k1 t less ?an "o hundr$
 ye>s ago1 ^! %ores1 res\nd+ ) ! voice (
 popul\s cities--^! wat]s1 lad5 ) !     
comm]ce ( ! wide _w1 7 sil5t            
wild]nesses1 :]e sprang & fell ! =e/    
leaves1 :]e ebb$ & fl[$ ! ocean tides f 
day to day1 & f ye> to ye> 9 un9t]rupt$ 
/illness2 :]e ! great sun1 :o look$ on !
 va/ empires ( ! ea/1 its m\ld]+ k+doms1
 its lordly palaces1 its anci5t temples1
 its sw>m+ cities1 came & look$ d[n ^u !
 /ill dwell+ ( utt] lonel9ess1 :]e      
nature sat en?ron$ 9 ev]la/+ beauty1    
undi/urb$ by ! f> (f d9 ( worlds 'beyond
 ! flood4'  ,!re is eloqu5ce & good     
feel+ 9 ! foll[+3  ,9 behold+ ?is f9e "y
 giant ( a _w1 ) all its magnific5t     
capabilities = greatness1 ,i ?9k e      
,engli%man mu/ feel unm+l$ regret at !  
unju/ & unwise c\rse ( policy :i*       
ali5at$ su* a *ild f ! p>5t gov]nm5t4   
,b1 at ! same "t1 x is impossible to    
avoid see+ t "s o!r c\rse mu/1 ere long1
 h l$ to ! same result1 ev5 if ,engl& _h

 pursu$ a m mat]nal c\rse ( conduct     
t[>ds ,am]ica4 ,no "o1 behold+ ?is      
enorm\s c\ntry1 /ret*+ f ocean to ocean1
 wat]$ ) t5 ?\s& glori\s riv]s1 comb9+ e
 v>iety ( climate & soil2 !re=e1 e      
v>iety ( produce & population2 possess+ 
)9 itself e res\rce t o!r nations are   
=c$ ei!r to buy abroad1 or to create    
sub/itutes = at home2 no "o1 see+ !     
int]nal weal? ( ,am]ica1 ! abundant     
f]tility ( ! e>?'s surface1 ! ri*es     
heap$ bel[ x1 ! unp>allel$ facilities = 
! int]c\rse ( m51 & ! int]*ange ( _!    
possessions ?r\gh\t its va/ ext5t1 c =  
an in/ant indulge ! ?\ght t su* a c\ntry
 0 ev] de/9$ to be an app5dage to any   
o!r 9 ! _w1 or t any *a9 ( circum/ances 
:atev]1 c\ld h long ma9ta9$ 9 dep5dance 
a p furni%$ ) e means ( fre$om &        
greatness4 ,b f> f regrett+ t ,am]ica   
has ?r[n (f h] allegiance1 & reg>d+ h] z
 a rebelli\s subject1 & irrev]5t *ild2  
,engl& w surely1 ere long1 le>n to look 
^u ?is c\ntry z ! inh]itor ( h] glory2 !
 y\ng] ,engl&1 de/9$ to p]petuate !     

language1 ! memory1 ! virtues ( ! noble 
l& f :i* %e is desc5d$4 ,lov+ & honor+  
my c\ntry1 z ,i d1 ,i _c look ^u ,am]ica
 ) any feel+ ( ho/ility4 ,i d n only he>
 ! voice ( ,engl& 9 ! language ( ?is p1 
b ,i recognize 9 all _! be/ qualities1  
_! indu/ry1 _! hone/y1 _! /urdy         
indep5d5ce ( _s1 ! v witnesses ( _!     
orig91 !y are ,engli%2 no o!r p 9 ! _w  
w\ld h lick$ u z !y did2 nor any o!r p 9
 ! _w1 built ^u ! gr\nd !y won1 s s\nd1 
& /rong1 & fair an edifice4  ,) reg>d to
 :at ,i h said 9 ! beg9n+ ( ?is note1 ( 
! _m reasons :i* comb9$ to r5d] ?is     
c\ntry indep5d5t ( all o!rs2 ,i ?9k !y 9
 "s measure tell aga9/ ! probability (  
its long rema9+ at unity ) itself4 ,su* 
num]\s & cla%+ int]e/s2 su* /rong &     
opposite individuality ( "* betwe5 !    
nor!rn & s\!rn /ates2 above all1 su*    
enorm\s ext5t ( c\ntry2 seem rationally 
to pres5t _m po9ts ( insecurity2 _m     
probabilities ( sep>ations & break+s    
asund]2 b all ?is lies f> on1 & ,i leave
 x to ^? :o h good eyes = a di/ance4    

,vol4 i4 pp4 #ahg-h4  ,f h] description 
( a voyage up ! ,hudson riv]1 :i* is "o 
( ! mo/ beautiful portions ( ! "w1 we c 
give b two brief passages3  ,we pass$ ! 
light-h\se ( ,/oney ,po9t1 n[ ! peaceful
 occupant ( ! t]ritory1 :]e ! blood 9   
,engli% ve9s 0 p\r$ out by ,engli% h&s1 
dur+ ! /ruggle betwe5 old e/abli%$      
tyranny & ! infant lib]ties ( ?is giant 
_w4 ,ov] all & ea*1 ! bless$ sky b5t its
 blue ar*1 respl5d5tly cle> & bright1   
:ile f> away ! di/ant summits ( !       
highl&s rose "o above ano!r1 %utt+ 9 !  
_w1 & almo/ appe>+ z ?\gh ea* b5d ( !   
riv] mu/ f9d u lock$ 9 _! %ad[y circle1 
)\t means ( onw>d progress4 ,vol4 i4 p4 
#bjg4         99       99       99      
99       99  ,:]e are ! poets ( ?is l&8 
,:y su* a _w %\ld br+ =? m5 ) m9ds &    
s\ls l>g] & /rong] ?an any t ev] dwelt 9
 mortal fle%4 ,:]e are ! poets ( ?is l&8
 ,!y %\ld be giants1 too2 ,hom]s &      
,miltons1 & ,goe!s & ,dantes1 &         
,%akspe>es4 ,h ^! glori\s sc5es p\r$ no 
inspir+s into he>ts wor?y to behold &   

praise _! beauty8 ,is !re none to come  
"h & wor%ip among ^! hills & wat]s1 till
 8 he>t burns )9 him1 & ! hymn (        
inspiration fl[s f 8 lips1 & rises to ! 
sky8 ,is !re n "o among ! sons ( su* a  
soil to s5d =? its praises to ! univ]se1
 to ?r[ new glory r\nd ! m\nta9s1 new   
beauty ov] ! waves8 is inanimate nature1
 alone1 "h 'tell+ ! glories ( ,god8'    
,oh1 surely1 surely1 !re w come a "t :5 
?is lovely l& w be vocal ) ! s\nd (     
song1 :5 e close-lock$ valley1 & wav+   
wood1 rift$ rock & fl[+ /ream %all h _! 
praise4 ,yet 'tis /range h[ m>vell\sly  
unpoetical ^! p are6 ,h[ swall[$ up 9   
life & its daily realities1 wants1 &    
c>es2 h[ full ( toil & ?rift1 &         
money-gett+ labor4 ,ev5 ! hea!n ,dut*1  
among u ! v antipodes ( all poetry1 h   
f\nd names su* z ! ,dond] ,b]g = !      
hills1 :il/ ! ,am]icans *ri/5 !m ,butt] 
,hill1 ! ,cr['s ,ne/1 & su* l4 ,p]haps  
"s hundr$ ye>s h5ce1 :5 weal? has be5   
amass$ by individuals1 & ! face (       
society beg9s to gr[ *equ]$1 z 9 ! old  

l&s ( ,europe1 :5 ! :ole mass (         
population %all no long] g runn+ along !
 level road ( toil & pr(it1 :5          
inequalities ( rank %all exi/1 & ! ri*  
man %all be able to pay = ! luxury (    
poetry1 & ! poor man :o makes v]ses1 no 
long] be ask$1 ',:y don't y ca/ up      
acc\nts8' :5 all ?is comes to pass1 z   
p]haps "s day x may1 ,am]ica w h poets4 
,x seems /range to me t m5 su* z ! e>ly 
settl]s 9 ,massa*usetts1 ! ,puritan     
f\nd]s ( ,new ,engl&1 ! ',pilgrim       
,fa!rs1' %\ld n h _h among/ !m "s m51 or
 at lea/ man1 9 ^: m9d ! /]n & endur+   
c\rage1 ! f]v5t1 en?usia/ic piety1 !    
unb5d+ love ( lib]ty1 :i* animat$ !m    
all1 become ! inspiration to poetic     
?\ght1 & ! sugge/ion ( poetical         
utt]ance4 ,!y %\ld h _h a ,milton or a  
,klop/ock among/ !m4 ,yet aft] all1 !y  
_h excitem5t ( ano!r sort1 & moreov]1 ! 
difficulties1 & dang]s1 & di/resses ( a 
fate ( unp>allel$ h>d%ip1 to engross all
 ! en]gies ( _! m9ds2 & ,i am half      
incl9$ to believe t poetry is b a ho?\se

 gr[?4 ,vol4 i4 pp4 #bab-ac4  ,our      
fri5ds1 ,oliv] ,olds*ool & ,an?ony      
,absolute1 w be pleas$ to obs]ve t ,mrs4
 ,butl] abjures ! ,waltz1 & agrees ) !m 
9 object+ to its t5d5cy3  ,dr4 ----     
call$1 & gave me a s]mon ab\t waltz+4 ,z
 x 0 p]fectly good s5se1 to :i* ,i c\ld 
reply no?+ :atev]1 9 ! %ape ( objection1
 ,i promis$ him nev] to waltz aga91     
except ) a woman1 or my bro!r4444 ,aft] 
all1 'tis n fitt+ t a man %\ld put 8 arm
 r\nd "o's wai/1 :e!r "o belongs to any 
"o b "o's self or n4 ',tis mu* aga9/ :at
 ,i h always ?\ght mo/ sacr$1--! dignity
 ( a woman 9 h] own eyes1 & ^? ( o!rs4  
,i l ,dr4 ---- mo/ exce$+ly4 ,he spoke e
 way to my feel+s ( :at 0 "r to-day4    
,aft] say+ t he felt conv9c$ f          
conv]sations :i* he _h he>d among/ m51 t
 waltz+ 0 immoral 9 its t5d5cy1 he add$1
 ',i am m>ri$1 & h be5 9 love1 & _c     
imag9e any ?+ m de/ructive ( ! deep &   
devot$ respect :i* love is calculat$ to 
excite 9 e honorable man's he>t1 n only 
= ! individual object ( 8 affection1 b =

 h] :ole sex1 ?an to see any & e        
imp]t95t coxcomb 9 a ball room1 come up 
to h]1 &1 )\t remorse or hesitation1    
clasp h] wai/1 imprison h] h&1 &        
absolutely :irl h] r\nd 9 8 arms4' ,s   
spake ! ,doctor2 & my s5se ( propriety1 
& conviction ( "r1 bore te/imony to !   
tru? ( 8 say+4 ,s1 f>ewell1 sweet ,g]man
 ,waltz6 next to hock1 ! mo/ intoxicat+ 
gr[? ( ! ,rhe9l&4 ,i %all nev] keep "t  
to y\r pleasant measure aga96--no matt]2
 aft] all1 any?+ is bett] ?an to be     
lightly spok5 (1 & to des]ve su* m5tion4
 ,vol4 i4 pp4 #bbg-bh4  ,mrs4 ,butl]    
seems to h no great love ( ! dramatic   
art--t is1 ! art ( /age p]=mance4       
,sev]al pages 9 ! second volume are     
devot$ to ?is subject1 7pp4 #ei1 #fj &  
#fa7 9 :i* %e argues ) great =ce 9      
support ( ! position1 t act+ is ! v l[e/
 ( ! arts4 ,l all h] criticisms (       
subjects connect$ ) ! /age1 x is an     
admirable passage2 b x is too long =    
quotation4 ,a %ort] "o conveys ! same   
idea1 9 eloqu5t language3  ,i act$ l a  

wret*1 ( c\rse2 h[ c\ld ,i d o!rwise8   
,oh1 ,juliet6 vision ( ! s\?6 rose ( !  
g>d5 ( ! e>?6 0 ?is ! glori\s hymn t    
,%akspe>e hall[$ to y\r praise8 0 ?is ! 
m+l$ /ra9 ( ,love's sweet go+ =?1 &     
,dea?'s d>k victory1 ov] :i* my he>t &  
s\l h be5 p\r$ out 9 wond] &            
ec/acy8--,h[ ,i d loa! ! /age6 ^!       
wret*$1 tawdry1 glitt]+ rags1 flung ov] 
! brea?+ =ms ( ideal lovel9ess2 ^!      
mis]able1 poor1 & pitiful sub/itutes = !
 glories ) :i* poetry has inve/$ h]     
magnific5t & fair creations--! glories )
 :i* our imag9ation reflects !m back    
aga94 ,:at a mass ( wret*$ mumm+        
mimickry act+ is4 ,pa/ebo>d & pa9t1 = ! 
?ick brea?+ orange groves ( ! s\?2 gre5 
silk & oil$ p>*m5t1 = ! solemn spl5dor (
 h] noon ( night2 wood5 plat=ms &       
canvass curta9s1 = ! solid m>ble        
balconies1 & ri* d>k drap]ies (         
,juliet's sleep+ *amb]1 t %r9e ( love & 
beauty2 r\ge1 = ! />tl$ life-blood 9 !  
*eek ( t "y passionate woman2 an        
actress1 a mimick]1 a %am creature1 me1 

9 fact1 or any o!r "o1 = t lovelie/ &   
mo/ wond]ful conception1 9 :i* all t is 
true 9 nature1 & all t is exquisite 9   
fancy1 are m\ld$ into a liv+ =m4 ,to act
 ?is6 to act ,romeo & ,juliet6--horror6 
horror6 h[ ,i d loa! my mo/ impot5t &   
unpoetical craft6 ,vol4 ii4 pp4 #af-ag4 
,9 ano!r & sadd] /ra91 !re are _m       
beautiful portions1 f :i* we c only     
select ! foll[+--& ) ?is our extracts   
mu/ end3  ',tis /range1 t ,mess5g] ,bird
 ?rew m ?an a pass+ gloom ov] me4 ,if ! 
dead d inde$ behold ^? :om !y h lov$1 ) 
lov+ eyes & fond remembrance1 d n !     
sorr[s1 ! we>9ess1 ! toil+1 ! despair+ (
 ^? de> ones rise ev5 into ! abodes (   
peace1 & wr+ ! s\ls ( ^? :o !nce look   
d[n ^u ! e>?1 & see ! wo & angui% suff]$
 "h8 ,or1 if !y d n feel1--if1 fre$ f   
?is mortal coil1 !y =get all !y h       
suff]$1 all t we yet endure1 oh6 !n :at 
f\r-fold tra% is human love6 :at va9 &  
mis]able /raws are all ! deep1 ! de>1 ! 
grasp+ affections tw9$ 9 our he>ts'     
fibres1--m+l$ ) our blood6--h[ poor are 

all ?+s--h[ begg>ly is life4 ,oh1 to ?9k
 t :ile we yet are b[$ 9 agony & m\rn+  
ov] ! dead1--:ile our b]eav$ he>ts are  
a*+1 & our /ra9+ eyes look+ to t heav51 
beyond :i* we ?9k !y yet may he> our    
cries1 !y yet may see our angui%1 !     
dead1 ! lov$1 ! m\rn$1 nor see1 nor he>2
 or if !y d1 look d[n ) cold & c>eless  
gaze ^u ! love t lifts our v s\ls 9     
desp]ate ye>n+ t[>ds !m4 ,vol4 ii4 pp4  
#ed-ee4  ,we h ?us endeavor$ to give our
 read]s an idea ( ?is v rem>kable       
book--a task ( no little difficulty f   
its v>iable features1 its mixture ( s5se
 & sill9ess1 ( prejudice &              
lib]ality--almo/ e page be>+ a di/9ct & 
peculi> "*4 ,!re are _m ?+s :i* h       
elicit$ c5sure1 on :i* we h n laid any  
/ress1 & among ^! are ! frequ5t         
exhibitions ( atta*m5t to h] native     
c\ntry1 & pref]5ce ( its p1 its cu/oms1 
its laws1 c4 to ^? ( ,am]ica4 ,we _c f9d
 fault ) h] = s noble & s natural a     
s5tim5t1 ev5 ?\gh x %\ld lead h] to     
depreciate & und]rate u4 ,besides1 %e   

ackn[l$ges ! bl9dness ( h] p>tiality to 
,engl&1 & speaks ( x ) great c&or1 z a  
national *>act]i/ic3  ,h[ we ,engli%    
folks d cl+ to our own habits1 our own  
views1 our own ?+s1 our own p2 h[ 9     
spite ( all our w&]+s & scatt]+s ov] !  
:ole face ( ! e>?1 l s _m ,jews1 we nev]
 lose our di/9ct & national             
individuality2 nor fail to lay hold ( "o
 ano!r's skirts1 to laugh at &          
depreciate all t diff]s f t c\ntry1 :i* 
we delight 9 =sak+ = any & all o!rs4    
,vol4 i4 p4 #ij4  ,! *ief fault ( ! "w w
 be f\nd 9 ! dictatorial mann] ( !      
writ]4 ,a female1 & a "y "o too1 _c     
speak ) ! self-confid5ce :i* m>ks ?is   
book1 )\t j>r+ some:at ^u ,am]ican      
notions ( ! retir+ delicacy ( ! female  
"*4 ,b ! e>ly induction ( ,mrs4 ,b4 ^u !
 /age1 has evid5tly giv5 h] a precoci\s 
self-dep5d5ce & a habit ( =m+ h] own    
op9ions4 ,!re is p]haps no situation 9  
:i* human vanity is s p[]fully excit$1 z
 t ( ! favorite actor4 ,! directness ( !
 applause :i* greets 8 successful ef=ts 

is mo/ intoxicat+1 & m+les s mu*        
admiration ( ! p]=m] ) delight at !     
p]=mance1 t he or %e1 ^: vanity %\ld    
resi/ its fasc9ations1 mu/ be a /oic    
inde$4#c ,! effects ( ?is p]sonal       
homage1 add$ to ! advantages ( h] bir?1 
& h] really mascul9e intellect1 are     
app>5t 9 ,mrs4 ,b's ,j\rnal4 ,b %e also 
displays "s f9e fem99e traits1 :i* !    
flatt]ies ( delight$ audi5ces1 !        
admiration ( ambiti\s fa%ionables1 & !  
consci\sness ( be+ ! *ief ,lion ( ! day1
 c\ld n de/roy4 ,h] sympa?y = a sick    
lady1 lodg+ 9 ! same h\se 9             
,philadelphia1 is frequ5tly & delicately
 express$2 & v>i\s o!r incid5ts %ew t   
k9dness & g5]osity are among h] prom95t 
qualities4 ,_m pages are devot$ to !    
subject ( religion1 & z appe>s f !m1 %e 
0 att5tive to ! p]=mance ( h] devotions3
 ,yet we _c b ?9k h] religion z display$
 9 ?is book1 m a s5tim5t ?an a pr9ciple2
 r ! imbody+ ( a poetical fancy1 ?an t  
p]vad+ feel+ ( ! he>t :i* ent]s into &  
*>act]izes ! actions ( ^? :o feel its   

influ5ce4--,9 conclusion1 we w repeat   
:at we h said be=e1 t !re is mu* to     
admire & mu* to condemn 9 ?is "w--en\gh 
( ! =m] to r5d] x "o ( ! mo/ attractive 
7z x is "o ( ! mo/ orig9al7 t has       
rec5tly issu$ f ! press2 & 9 c5sur+ its 
faults x w be b ju/ice to be> 9 m9d a   
s5tim5t ( ,mrs4 ,b42 ,aft] all1 if p    
g5]ally did b "k ! difficulty ( do+     
well1 !y w\ld be less damnatory ^u ^? :o
 d ill4 p4 #aad1 vol4 i4  ,footnote #c3 
,?is position has be5 beautifully       
illu/rat$ by "s mod]n ,engli% writ]1 b  
by :om we h =gott54 ,mrs4 ,butl] is     
fully aw>e ( ! intoxicat+ nature ( !    
applause be/[$ on actors1 & speaks mo/  
s5sibly on ! subject1 al?\gh %e is      
probably unconsci\s ( its full effects  
^u h] own feel+s1 & mann] ( ?9k+ &      
writ+4  ,excitem5t1 says %e1 is         
reciprocal betwe5 ! p]=m] & ! audi5ce2  
he creates x 9 !m1 & receives x back    
aga9 f !m3 & 9 t la/ sc5e 9 ,fazio1 half
 ! effect t ,i produce is d]iv$ f !     
applause :i* ,i receive1 ! v noise &    

tumult ( :i* t5ds to height5 ! n]v\s    
en]gy :i* ! sc5e itself begets4  ,! idea
 is f>!r c>ri$ out 9 ! foll[+ /rik+     
passage3  ,! evanesc5t nature ( 8       
triumph1 h[ev] an actor may deplore x1  
is 9 fact b an in/ance ( ! broad moral  
ju/ice by :i* all ?+s are s ev5ly       
balanc$4 ,if he c hope = no fame beyond 
m]e m5tion1 :5 once 8 own g5]ation      
passes away1 at lea/ 8 p[]1 & 8 glory1 &
 8 reign is 9 8 own p]son1 & dur+ 8 own 
life4 ,!re is sc>cely to be conceiv$ a  
popul>ity = ! mom5t m intoxicat+ ?an t (
 a great actor 9 8 day1 s mu* ( x       
becomes mix$ up ) ! individual himself4 
,! poet1 ! pa9t]1 & ! sculptor1 en*ant u
 ?r\gh _! works2 & ) v1 v few           
exceptions1 _! works1 & n _! v p]sons   
are ! objects ( admiration & applause2 x
 is to _! m9ds we are behold52 & ?\gh a 
c]ta9 degree ( curiosity & popul>ity    
necess>ily wait ev5 ^u _! bodily        
pres5ce1 x is fa9t comp>$ ) t :i* is    
be/[$ ^u ! actor2 & = good reasons--he  
is himself 8 "w4 ,8 voice1 8 eyes1 8    

ge/ures1 are 8 art1 & admiration ( x _c 
be sep>at$ f admiration = him4 ,?is     
r5d]s ! ephem]al glory :i* he e>ns s    
vivid1 & 9 "s measure may be suppos$ to 
comp5sate = its %ort duration4 ,! great 
( ! e>?1 ^: fame has aris5 l ! %9+ ( !  
sun1 h (t5 toil$ ?r\gh _! :ole lives 9  
comp>ative obscurity1 ?r\gh ! n>r[ & d>k
 pa?s ( exi/5ce4 ,_! rew>d 0 nev] giv5  
to _! h&s "h1--x is b j _! glory %\ld be
 la/+4 ,vol4 ii4 pp4 #fa-fb4            
,,editorial ,,rem>ks4   ,9 pres5t+ ! n9?
 numb] ( ! ,mess5g] to our read]s1 we   
take occasion to make "s brief ref]5ces 
to its cont5ts4 ,besides contributions f
 old fri5ds1 to :om we h be5 =m]ly      
indebt$1 x conta9s sev5 prose articles f
 new correspond5ts1 "s ( :om are        
entirely unkn[n to u1 all ( :om are     
welcome to our pages4  ,( ! six? numb] (
 ,sket*es ( ! ,hi/ory ( ,tripoli1 x is  
only necess>y to say t x is wor?y ( &   
su/a9s ! "* ( ! prec$+ numb]s4 ,! same  
may be said ( ! ,lett]s ( a ,si/]1 9 :i*
 ! vivacity t has elicit$ s mu* praise (

 ! =m] numb]s1 is n dim9i%$4  ,!        
descriptions ( ,virg9ia sc5]y1 9 !      
article on ,! ,h\se ,m\nta91 & ! ,visit 
to ! ,virg9ia ,spr+s1 are highly        
attractive4 ,! =m] is rem>kable = its   
graphic del9eations & gl[+ imag]y--!    
latt] ab\nds ) useful in=mation1 convey$
 9 an attractive /yle2 & its writ]      
describes ! sc5es he visit$ ) great     
cle>ness4  ,! ?ird numb] ^u ! ,f9e      
,arts1 is an admirable article4 ,! writ]
 w>ms z he progresses ) 8 subject4  ,we 
w\ld p>ticul>ly recomm5d ! article on ! 
,national ,importance ( ,m9]al          
,possessions1 c4 ,! application ( g5]al 
tru?s to our own peculi> situation1 is  
made ) mu* =ce 9 t article4  ,our /rang]
 correspond5t1 ,an?ony ,absolute1 has v 
delicately satiriz$ ! oppos]s ( !       
amusem5t ( danc+4 ,8 /yle is evid5tly   
modell$ aft] t ( "s ( ! numb]s ( !      
,spectator1 & he is uncommonly happy 9  
keep+ up a ve9 ( quiet humor ?r\gh\t4 ,8
 grave irony is highly amus+4  ,! writ] 
( an article on ,rec5t ,am]ican ,novels1

 seems to u to h express$ "s op9ions    
ha/ily1 & to e/imate ! m]its ( "s ( our 
native writ]s incorrectly4 ,he has      
surely ov]look$ ! au?or ( ,calav>1 9    
class+ ! successors ( ,coop] & ,irv+1 z 
dw>fi%1 & _! ef=ts z puny4 ,he 0 n 9    
fault 9 pass+ ov] ! au?or ( ,horse-,%oe 
,rob9son1 z t "w _h n appe>$ :5 8       
article 0 p5n$2 & ,swall[ ,b>n does n   
rank z a novel4 ,we believe t ,mr4      
,k5n$y & ,dr4 ,bird w prove !mselves    
wor?y successors to ,coop] & ,irv+ 7s f>
 z ! latt] may be consid]$ a novel      
writ]17 :5 ! mantles %all fall f _!     
%\ld]s--nor w ,mr4 ,sims1 ! au?or ( ,guy
 ,riv]s & ! ,yemassie1 7ei!r ( :i*1 we  
appreh5d1 are sup]ior to ! ,insurg5ts17 
be f> beh9d4 ,! review] seems to u r    
inconsi/5t 9 8 allusions to ,coop]1     
,irv+1 ,pauld+ & ,miss ,s$gewick3 ,b we 
h n room to p>ticul>ize4 ,) reg>d to !  
two =m]1 ! op9ions ( a ,"y ,scot*man1 9 
! int]e/+ lett] :i* we publi% 9 ?is     
numb]1 are wor?y ( att5tion4 ,we are    
happy to say1 t extracts f 8 ,lett]s on 

! ,unit$ ,/ates1 w be cont9u$ 9 !       
,mess5g]4 ,we d\bt n !y w be read )     
avidity4  ,lion-iz+1 by ,mr4 ,poe1 is an
 inimitable piece ( wit & satire3 & !   
man mu/ be f> gone 9 a melan*olic humor1
 ^: risibility is n mov$ by ?is tale4   
,al?\gh ! sc5e ( ! /ory is laid 9 !     
=eign city ( ,fum ,fudge1 ! disposition 
:i* x satirizes is (t5 display$ 9 !     
cities ( ?is c\ntry--ev5 9 our own      
community2 & w probably /ill cont9ue to 
exi/1 unless ,mrs4 ,butl]'s ,j\rnal %\ld
 h disgu/$ ! fa%ionable _w ) ,lions4  ,!
 prom95t article = ?is mon?1 we h n yet 
allud$ to2 x is ! ,diss]tation on !     
,*>act]i/ic ,diff]5ces betwe5 ! ,sexes2 
! ,influ5ce ( ,woman1 c4--a subject (   
great & abid+ int]e/1 treat$ 9 a ma/]ly 
mann]4 ,! compreh5sive views tak5 by !  
writ]1 ( ! :ole subject2 ! copi\sness ( 
8 illu/rations1 & ! happy mann] 9 :i* !y
 are br\ght to su/a9 8 v>i\s positions1 
are /rik+ features 9 ?is able article4  
,we ?9k we incur no risk 9 express+ !   
belief1 t ?is ,diss]tation :5 complet$1 

w be ! mo/ p]fect essay on ! subject1 9 
! :ole range ( ,engli% lit]ature4  ,!   
,grave ( ,=gott5 ,g5ius1 & ,lionel      
,granby1 w h _! attractions1 we d\bt n1 
= _m ( our read]s4 ,! writ] ( ! latt]   
possesses p[]s ( description ( no mean  
ord]4 ,he pa9ts objects & *>act]s       
skilfully1 ?\gh at times 8 /yle is      
some:at ov]load$ ) words4 ,we %all      
receive 8 future *apt]s ) pleasure4  ,! 
poetical contributions = ?is numb] are  
g5]ally excell5t4 ,we are con/ra9$ to   
=be> any p>ticul> notice ( !m1 by !     
briefness ( ! space :i* we h to occupy4 
,,to ,,correspond5ts4   ,! humor\s      
/rictures on mod]n fa%ions1 by our fri5d
 ,oliv] ,olds*ool1 did n rea* u 9 "t =  
ins]tion 9 ! pres5t numb]2 he w appe> 9 
our next4 ,we h receiv$ two tales f an  
inexp]i5c$ girl ( sixte51 entitl$ ,lucy 
,c>lton & ,! ,san=ds1 :i*1 al?\gh !y    
exhibit consid]able tal5t1 are v        
defici5t 9 incid5t4 ,! sket*+ ( "* is   
mo/ly good1 b ! au?or fails to make     
effectual use ( ! mat]ials :i* %e br+s  

toge!r4 ,we %all ins]t ,! ,san=ds 9 our 
next1 z ! be/ ( ! two4 ,! /ory entitl$  
,remorse1 is inadmissible4 ,! n>rative  
pres5ts "s dramatic sc5es & situations1 
( :i* ! writ] has b p>tially avail$     
himself2 b defects ( language =m !      
pr9cipal objection to 8 /ory4 ,9 answ]  
to ,octavian's inquiry1 we mu/ say t 8  
l9es are by no means equal to ^? f 8 p5 
=m]ly ins]t$ 9 ! ,mess5g]4 ,& z x w\ld  
be impossible to publi% all !           
contributions receiv$1 unless ! ,mess5g]
 7 twice its size1 we are con/ra9$ to   
leave out "s :i* are ev5 passable4      
,engli% ,poetry1 ,*ap4 ,,ii1 & fur!r    
extracts f ! ,,mss4 ( ,d4 ,d4 ,mit*ell1 
w appe> 9 ! next ,no4 ,! ,curse ( !     
,betray$ ,"o possesses consid]able m]it1
 b is de=m$ by faults ( metre1 easily   
am5dable4 ,) ! au?or's cons5t we w make 
a few corrections 9 8 poem1 & ins]t x 9 
our next numb]4 ,we w ex]cise ! same    
prun+ pr]ogative ^u ! tale ( ,!         
,reclaim$4 ,! poetical contributions (  
,mrs4 ,emma ,will>d1 ( ,troy1 are       

welcome1 & w appe> z e>ly z possible2   
also "s beautiful effusions ( a deceas$ 
lady ( ,mat!ws c\nty1 ,virg9ia4         
,extracts f ! ,autobiography ( ,p]t9ax  
,placid1 ,*ap4 ,i1 w h an e>ly ins]tion4
  ,9 address+ ! num]\s correspond5ts ^: 
favors h n yet appe>$ 9 our numb]s1 we  
avail ourselves ( ! opportunity to make 
a few g5]al rem>ks1 :i* are due bo? to  
ourselves & to ^? :o write = ! ,mess5g]4
  ,al?\gh our poetical contributions h 9
 g5]al met ) high approbation1 & ?\gh _m
 effusions :i* we h _h ! honor to pres5t
 to ! public1 h receiv$ ! j praise due  
to ! l(ty prompt+s ( ! muse--we h notic$
 "s /rictures ^u c]ta9 articles :i* we  
_h consid]$ x our duty to ins]t 9 t     
dep>tm5t4 ,we d n purpose to def5d all  
our poetical contributions f c5sure4 ,x 
is f> f u to claim = !m ! m]it ( uni=m  
excell5ce4 ,b we wi% to %[ our read]s1 t
 to look = su* uni=mity 9 ! cont5ts ( a 
"w l ours1 w\ld be unreasonable1 & to   
in=m !m ( ! pr9ciple ^u :i* our         
selections are made f ! mass ( mat]ials 

plac$ be=e u4  ,x mu/ be held 9 m9d t ! 
,mess5g] is a new ent]prise1 9 a section
 ( c\ntry :]e su* a "w has nev] be=e be5
 su/a9$ = any consid]able l5g? ( "t--t  
"o ( its lead+ objects is to draw =? &  
enc\rage lit]>y tal5t1 & to build up 9 !
 s\? a lit]ature di/9ct & sep>ate f t   
:i* %9es 9 ! legal =um or ! ar5a (      
politics4 ,9 ord] to c>ry into effect   
?is object1 7:i* we ?9k laudable 9      
itself17 x is necess>y t we %\ld display
 a great] degree ( =be>ance ) inexp]i5c$
 aspirants to lit]>y honors1 ?an w\ld be
 expect$ f a discrim9at+ editor1 plac$ 9
 o!r circum/ances4 ,_h we m]ely ! task  
be=e u to amuse our read]s1 x w\ld n be 
difficult to select f o!r s\rces !      
mat]ials = our "w1 & ab&on+ all         
editorial responsibility1 r5d] ! cont5ts
 ( our pages unexceptionable1 by a *oice
 ( ! be/ productions f o!r publications4
 ,b w\ld ?is c\rse fulfil ! great object
 ( ! ,mess5g]8--w\ld x comp5sate our    
read]s = ! suppression ( ! _m noble     
productions :i* we h already pres5t$ to 

!m--works :i*1 al?\gh 9 a m9or =m1 we   
tru/ ^? :o h p]us$ !m w\ld n will+ly let
 die8 ,! duty we h assum$1 is to fo/] ! 
productions ( native writ]s--to awak51  
especially 9 ! s\?1 a lit]>y _s1 an     
ambition to excel 9 ! cultivation (     
polite le>n+--& to give our humble aid 9
 /imulat+ ! ambition ( our y\?1 by (f]+ 
a fit repository = ! (fspr+ ( ta/e &    
g5ius4 ,:e!r we collect & place on      
p]man5t record ! fugitive productions ( 
m5 already kn[n to fame 9 o!r walks1 or 
br+ =w>d to public applause ! fir/ ef=ts
 ( y\?ful tal5t1 we equally fulfil ! ma9
 object ( our labors1 by excit+ !       
admiration & awak5+ ! ambition ( o!rs1  
possess+ lat5t p[]s p]haps unkn[n to    
!mselves1 until /ruck =? by a natural & 
praisewor?y emulation4  ,9 ! p]=mance ( 
! duty :i* ?is object enjo9s ^u u1 !re  
are _m s\rces ( p]plexity ( :i* our     
read]s c sc>cely be aw>e4 ,our judgm5t 9
 reg>d to ! num]\s contributions :i* we 
receive f all qu>t]s1 leans1 z x ought1 
to m]cy's side4 ,! exhibition ( ability1

 al?\gh qualifi$ by _m faults (         
conception or mann]1 claims our att5tion
 & favor4 ,we look to ! future2 & if 9 !
 mo/ faulty production we f9d promise ( 
improv+ excell5ce1 or r$eem+ traits :i* 
c\nt]balance ! writ]'s errors1 we ?9k x 
our duty to af=d him an opportunity &   
/imulus = improvem5t4 ,= ^! reasons     
articles are n seldom ins]t$ 9 !        
,mess5g]1 :i* exhibit defects (         
conception & /yle1 :i* x is no "p ( our 
duty to am5d1 b :i* we believe to be    
c\nt]balanc$ by beauties or m]its       
indicat+ t _! au?ors are capable ( bett]
 ?+s4  ,"o compla9t t we h to make ( our
 contributors1 reg>ds ! c>elessness )   
:i* !y write2 = ?is want ( correctness1 
mo/ly v]bal x is true1 b frequ5tly      
ext5d+ to ! s5se1 r5d]$ obscure by      
faulty con/ruction ( language1 imposes  
^u ! editor ! con/ant task ( revision1 &
 ! responsibility ( correct+ manuscripts
 at 8 own discretion4 ,! labor we d n   
grudge2 b x %\ld be p]=m$ by ! writ]s   
!mselves2 & we _c too /r5u\sly urge ^u  

our fri5ds great] c>e ?an 9 _m in/ances 
!y h ?us f> be/[$ ^u ! f9i%+ ( _!       
articles4 ,_! own c>eful revision w\ld  
no d\bt lead to ! m p]fect am5dm5t (    
inaccuracies ?an c\ld be made by an     
editor1 :o 9 mo/ in/ances _c be suppos$ 
to %>e ! full views ( ! writ] on !      
matt]s 9 h&4 ,our own relief f ! labor (
 revision is a second>y consid]ation1 & 
"o :i* we %\ld n urge2 b by reliev+ u f 
mu* ( t labor1 ! writ]s w\ld greatly    
increase ! value ( _! contributions4    
,,def]r$ ,,articles4   ,among ! num]\s  
articles = :i* room c\ld n be f\nd 9 !  
pres5t numb]1 are1 reviews ( ,lee's     
,napoleon1 ,bancr(t's ,hi/ory ( ! ,unit$
 ,/ates1 ,sp>ks's ,wa%+ton              
,correspond5ce1 ,! ,infidel1 a novel1 by
 ,doctor ,bird1 & a notice ( ! excell5t 
,inaugural ,address ( ,presid5t ,ve?ake1
 ( ,wa%+ton ,college4