,transcriber's ,comments  ,this is an   
adaption of the electronic transcription
 made by ,paul ,hubbs and ,bob          
,gravonic4 ,using microfiche of the     
original 7,canadian ,institute for      
,historical ,microreproductions no4     
#dbcee7 as a copy-text1 ,i've made      
corrections and added a considerable    
amount of material4 ,irregular spellings
 in the original have been retained4    
,explanatory remarks regarding numbering
 are enclosed in square brackets4       
,young's ,demonstrative ,translation of 
,scientific ,secrets2  or  ,a           
,collection of ,above #ejj ,useful      
,receipts on a ,variety of ,subjects4   
,printed by ,rowsell  ,ellis1 ,toronto1 
#ahfa4    ,,introduction   ,the object  
of the present work is clearly announced
 in its title4 ,it is to collect within 
a small compass the instructions of     
experimental knowledge upon a great     
variety of subjects which relate to the 
present interests of man4 ,it contains  
above five hundred genuine and practical

 receipts1 which have been compiled by  
the publisher with extreme difficulty   
and expense4 ,a reference to the list of
 subjects which the work contains1 will 
show that the publisher's researches    
have been extensive1 while a comparison 
of the work with others of the same     
general character evinces patient       
labour1 and cannot fail to give it      
pre-eminence4 ,while the track pursued  
is not new1 it is more thorough1 and    
more easily followed than that marked   
out by any previous compiler known to   
myself4 ,the work contains not merely   
the outlines on the subjects to which it
 refers1 but1 what appears to my own    
mind one of its excellences1 the full   
and clear explanations of these         
subjects4 ,to all classes of people1    
without exception1 the work is of great 
value4 ,it is fit1 on every account1    
that the publisher should be encouraged 
in this production4 ,the work is worthy 
the acceptance of all1 and one which    
every man may prize4     #a4 ,,oriental 

,,painting  ,any bunch of roses or      
flowers1 or anything of the kind that   
you admire1 take the pattern of by      
placing them against a light of window  
glass1 then lay a piece of white paper  
over them1 and through the latter you   
will see the roses1 c4 ,now with a lead 
pencil take the pattern of the roses1   
c41 on the paper2 when you have them all
 marked1 cut then out with a scissors1  
so that you have a complete pattern of  
them4 ,now take a piece of glass1       
whatever size your pattern requires1    
stick the pattern on it with wafers1    
then paint the glass all over1 except   
where the pattern covers1 with black    
paint1 composed of refined lampblack1   
black enamel1 copel varnish and         
turpentine1 mixed4 ,now let this dry1   
then take off your patterns and paint   
your roses1 flowers1 c41 with tube      
paints1 mixed with demar varnish1 so    
that your roses1 c41 may be1 in a       
manner1 transparent4 ,paint your large  
roses red1 some of the smaller ones     

yellow1 or any colour to suit your      
taste4 ,paint one side of the leaves a  
darker shade of green than the other1   
which will make the picture appear as   
though the sun was shining on it4 ,when 
this painting is dry1 take silver or    
gold foil1 7gold is best17 wrinkle it up
 in your hand then nearly straighten it1
 and cover the back of the glass all    
over with it2 over the large roses let  
the wrinkles be larger1 over the small  
ones smaller1 c42 then lay a piece of   
stiff paper1 the size of the glass1 over
 the foil1 and a piece of very thin     
board again over this2 have it framed in
 this manner and it is completed4 ,you  
now have one of the richest of          
paintings1 which is commonly taught at a
 cost of #e4 ,you may buy all you       
require for this painting at the        
druggist's4   #b4 ,,transfer ,,painting 
,,on ,,glass  ,this is for transferring 
any picture plate you please to glass1  
to be framed4 ,first give the glass a   
coat of demar varnish2 let it remain for

 eight hours1 or until dry2 at this time
 have your picture thoroughly soaked in 
warm water2 then give the glass another 
coat of demar varnish1 and take the     
picture out of the water2 then let it   
and the glass remain for twenty minutes1
 by which time the water will be struck 
in from the face of the picture1 after  
which you will place the front of the   
picture on the varnished glass1         
7avoiding wrinkles and spots of water17 
press it well on until every part is    
stuck fast1 then carefully rub the paper
 all away to a mere film2 give the glass
 then1 over this film1 another coat of  
demar varnish1 which will make the film 
transparent2 let it dry2 then place the 
glass1 with the varnished side towards  
you1 between you and the light1 and you 
will see the outlines of the picture    
quite distinctly2 you may then paint on 
the back with tube paints1 mixed with a 
little demar varnish to assist in       
drying1 to suit your taste4 ,for        
instance1 if the picture is that of a   

lady1 you may paint the dress red1 the  
shawl or cape1 as it may be1 blue1 the  
face flesh colour1 7which colour may be 
made by mixing a little red with white17
 the bonnet scarlet1 the shoes black2 if
 trees1 have them green1 c4 ,all you    
want for this painting you may also buy 
at the druggist's4 ,this painting is    
very simple and elegant1 it is commonly 
taught at a cost of #c4 ,try it1 you    
cannot fail4   #c4 ,,transfer ,,varnish 
,take of ,canada balsam #c drachms2 gum 
sandric #c drachms2 spirits of wine     
#a_/b pint4 ,dissolve the balsam and gum
 in the spirits of wine and it is ready 
for use4   #d4 ,,white ,,spirit         
,,varnish--,,the ,,very ,,best4  ,take  
of gum sandrack #d ounces2 mastic #a    
ounce2 ,elmi rosin #a_/b ounce2 ,venice 
turpentine #a ounce2 alcohol #ae ounces4
 ,digest in a bottle1 frequently        
shaking1 till the gums are dissolved1   
and it is ready for use4   #e4          
,,transfer ,,painting ,,on ,,wood  ,by  
this you may transfer any picture you   

please from paper to a cutter back1 or  
any other substance you please4 ,give   
the board three coats of white spirit   
varnish1 receipt ,no4 #d2 damp the back 
of the print with strong vinegar2 give  
the front a very heavy coat of the      
transfer varnish1 receipt ,no4 #c2 then 
press it on the board1 avoiding creases2
 when perfectly dry and fast1 rub the   
paper away2 the print is indelibly      
fixed2 then varnish it over as you would
 any other painting4 ,this receipt has  
been commonly sold for #e4   #f4        
,,electro ,,gold ,,plating--,,new       
,,method  ,take #ajj grams of laminated 
gold1 mixed with #bj grams of           
hydrochloric acid2 #aj grams of nitric  
acid2 the liquid thus composed is placed
 over a moderate fire1 and stirred      
constantly until the gold passes into   
the state of chlorine2 it is then       
allowed to cool4 ,a second liquid is    
formed by dissolving #fj grams of       
cyanide of potassium in #hj grams of    
distilled waters2 the two liquids are   

mixed together in a decanter and stirred
 for #bj minutes1 and then filtered4    
,finally #ajj grams of whiting1 dry and 
sifted1 are mixed with #e grams of      
pulverised supertartrate of potass2 this
 new powder is dissolved in a portion of
 the above described liquid1 in         
sufficient quantity to form a paste of  
the proper consistency to be spread with
 a pencil on the article or part to be  
gilded4 ,the superabundant powder is    
then removed by washing and the article 
is beautifully gilded with a heavy or   
light coat1 according to the quantity of
 paste used4 ,grams belong to ,french   
weights1 four grams are a little more   
than one drachm4   #g4 ,,electro        
,,silvering--,,new ,,method  #aj grams  
of nitrate of silver are dissolved in   
#ej grams of distilled water2 then #be  
grams of cyanide of potassium in #ej    
grams of distilled water2 the two       
liquids are mixed in a decanter1 and    
stirred for #aj minutes2 it is then     
filtered4 ,finally1 #ajj grams of sifted

 whiting are mixed with #aj grams of    
pulverised supertartrate of potass and  
one gram of mercury4 ,this powder and   
dissolving liquid are used in the same  
manner as in the above method of gold   
plating4 ,these excellent methods of    
silvering and gilding were discovered in
 ,june #ahfj1 by the great ,french      
chemist ,baldooshong of ,paris ,france4 
,it is far superior to any other method 
ever discovered1 and will eventually    
take the place of all4   #h4 ,,electro  
,,gold ,,plating--,,usual ,,method      
,take a #b #ej;c4 piece of gold1 and put
 it into a mixture of #a ounce of nitric
 and #d ounces of muriatic acids1 7glass
 vessels only are to be used in this    
work17 when it is all cut dissolve #a_/b
 an ounce of sulphate of potash in one  
pint of pure rain water1 and mix the    
gold solution1 stirring well2 then let  
stand and the gold will be thrown down2 
then pour off the acid fluid1 and wash  
the gold in two or three waters1 or     
until no acid is tasted by touching the 

tongue to the gold4 ,now dissolve one   
ounce of cyanuret of potassium in one   
pint of pure rain water1 to which add   
the gold1 and it is ready to use4 ,clear
 the article to be plated from all dirt 
and grease with whiting and a good      
brush2 if there are cracks it may be    
necessary to put the article in a       
solution of caustic potash4 ,at all     
events every particle of dirt and grease
 must be removed2 then suspend the      
article in the cyanuret of gold         
solution1 with a small strip of zinc cut
 about the width of a common knitting   
needle1 hooking the top over a stick    
which will reach across the top of the  
vessel or bottle holding the solution4  
,if the zinc is too large the deposit   
will be made so fast that it will scale 
off4 ,the slower the plating goes on the
 better1 and this is arranged by the    
size if the zinc used4 ,when not using  
the plating fluid keep it well corked   
and it is always ready to use1 bearing  
in mind that it is poison as arsenic1   

and must be put high out of the way of  
children1 and labelled poison1 although 
you need have no fear using it2 yet     
accidents might arise if its nature were
 not known4   #i4 ,,electro             
,,silvering--,,usual ,,method  ,this is 
done every way the same as gold plating 
7using coin7 except that rock salt is   
used instead of the cyanuret of         
potassium to hold the silver in solution
 for use1 and when it is of the proper  
strength of salt it has a thick curdy   
appearance1 or you can add salt until   
the silver will deposit on the article  
to be plated1 which is all that is      
required4 ,no hesitation need be felt in
 trying these receipts1 as they are     
obtained from a genuine source1 and are 
in every day use4   #aj4 ,,gold         
,,plating ,,fluid  ,warm six ounces of  
pure rain water1 and dissolve in it #b  
ounces of cyanide of potassium1 then add
 a #a_/d ounce oxide of gold2 the       
solution will at first be yellowish1 but
 will soon subside to white2 then half  

fill a bottle with whiting1 fill it up  
with this solution and shake it well2   
you may now take a piece of old cotton1 
wet it with the solution1 rub it well   
over brass1 copper1 c41 and it is nicely
 washed with gold4   #aa4 ,,silver      
,,plating ,,fluid  ,dissolve one ounce  
of nitrate of silver1 in crystal1 in #ab
 ounces of soft water2 then dissolve in 
the water two ounces of cyanuret of     
potash2 shake the whole together and let
 it stand until it becomes clear4 ,have 
ready some #a_/b ounce vials1 and fill  
them half full of whiting1 then fill up 
the bottles and it is ready for use4    
,the whiting does not increase the      
coating powder--it only helps to clear  
the articles and save the silver fluid  
by half filling the bottles4 ,the above 
quantity of materials will cost about   
#a4fb;c41 so that the fluid will be     
about #c cents a bottle4 ,it is used in 
the same way as the gold plating fluid4 
#ab4 ,,quicksilver ,,plating ,,fluid    
,take of quicksilver one ounce1 one     

ounce nitric acid1 one ten cent piece1  
rain water #a_/b pint to a pint1 put the
 three first articles into a tumbler    
together2 let them stand until          
dissolved1 occasionally stirring1 then  
add the water1 and it is ready for use4 
,this is used in the same way as the    
silver and gold plating fluid4   #ac4   
,,to ,,gild ,,steel  ,pour some of the  
ethereal solution of gold into a        
wine-glass1 and dip into it the blade of
 a new penknife1 lancet1 razor1 c41     
withdraw the instrument and allow the   
ether to evaporate1 the blade will then 
be found to be covered with a beautiful 
coat of gold2 the blade may be moistened
 with a clean rag or a small piece of   
very dry sponge dipped into the ether1  
and the same effect will be produced4   
#ad4 ,,to ,,gild ,,copper1 ,,brass1     
c4--,,by ,,an ,,amalgam  ,the gilding of
 these inferior metals and alloys of    
them is effected by the assistance of   
mercury with which the gold is          
amalgamated4 ,the mercury is evaporated 

while the gold is fixed by the          
application of heat1 the whole is then  
burnished of left mat in the whole or in
 part1 according as required4   #ae4    
,,gilding ,,glass ,,and ,,porcelain     
,dissolve in boiling linseed oil an     
equal weight either of copal or amber1  
and add as much oil of turpentine as    
will enable you to apply the compound or
 size thus formed as thin as possible to
 the parts of the glass intended to be  
gilt2 the glass is to be placed in a    
stove till it is so warm as almost to   
burn the fingers when handled4 ,at this 
temperature the size becomes adhesive1  
and a piece of leaf gold applied in the 
usual way will immediately stick4 ,sweep
 off the superfluous portions of the    
leaf1 and when quite cold it may be     
burnished1 taking care to interpose a   
piece of india paper between the gold   
and the burnisher4 ,it sometimes happens
 when the varnish is not very good that 
by repeated washing the gold wears off2 
on this account the practice of burning 

it in is sometimes had recourse to2 for 
this purpose some gold powder is ground 
with borax1 and in this state applied to
 the clean surface of the glass by a    
camel hair pencil2 when quite dry the   
glass is put into a stove1 heated to    
about the temperature of an annealing   
oven1 the gum burns off2 and the borax1 
by vitrifying1 cements the gold with    
great firmness to the glass1 after which
 it may be burnished4  ,the gilding upon
 porcelain is in like manner fixed by   
heat and the use of borax1 and this kind
 of ware1 being neither transparent nor 
liable to soften1 and thus to be injured
 in its form in a low red heat1 is free 
from the risk and injury which the finer
 and more fusible kinds of glass are apt
 to sustain from such treatment4        
,porcelain and other wares may be       
platinized1 silvered1 tinned1 or        
bronzed1 in a similar manner4   #af4    
,,gilding ,,the ,,edges ,,of ,,paper    
,the edges of the leaves of books and   
letter paper are gilded whilst in a     

horizontal position in the bookbinder's 
press or some arrangement of the same   
nature1 by first applying a composition 
formed of four parts of ,armenian-bole  
and one of candied sugar1 ground        
together with water to a proper         
consistence1 and laid on by a brush with
 the white of an egg4 ,this coating1    
when nearly dry is smoothed by the      
burnisher1 it is then slightly moistened
 by a sponge dipped in clean water and  
squeezed in the hand2 the gold leaf is  
now taken up on a piece of cotton from  
the leathern cushion and applied on the 
moistened surface2 when dry it is to be 
burnished by rubbing the burnisher over 
it repeatedly from end to end1 taking   
care not to wound the surface by the    
point4   #ag4 ,,professor ,,worts'      
,,amalgam ,,for ,,silvering  ,this is   
the only means yet discovered for       
silvering iron directly1 yet it is not  
so lasting as some of the other         
processes4 ,take quicksilver and the    
metal potassium1 equal parts by volume1 

put them together in a tumbler1 and if  
both metals be good there will be a     
brisk ebullition1 which continues until 
an amalgam of the two is formed1 then   
add as much quicksilver as there is of  
the amalgam2 let it work till thoroughly
 mixed1 and it is ready for use4 ,this  
amalgam you may apply with a cloth to   
any metal1 even iron1 though it be a    
rusty bar1 and you have it neatly       
silvered over4   #ah4 ,,for ,,coppering 
,,iron  ,this is the latest method1 and 
that now in use4 ,to a solution of      
sulphate of copper1 add a solution of   
ferrocyanide of pottasium1 so long as a 
precipitate continues to be formed4     
,this is allowed to settle1 and the     
clear liquor being decanted the vessel  
is filled with water1 and when the      
precipitate settles the liquor is again 
decanted1 and continue to repeat these  
washings until the sulphate of potash is
 washed quite out2 this is known by     
adding a little chloride of barium to a 
small quantity of the washings1 and when

 there is no white precipitate formed by
 the test1 the precipitate is           
sufficiently washed4 ,a solution of     
cyanide of potassium is now added to    
this precipitate until it is dissolved1 
during which process the solution       
becomes warm by the chemical re-action  
which takes place4 ,the solution is     
filtered1 and allowed to repose all     
night4 ,if the solution of cyanide of   
potassium that is used is strong1 the   
greater portion of the ferrocyanide of  
potassium crystalises in the solution1  
and may be collected and preserved for  
use again4 ,if the solution of cyanide  
of potassium used to dissolve the       
precipitate is dilute1 it will be       
necessary to condense the liquor by     
evaporation to obtain the yellow        
prussiate in crystals4 ,the remaining   
solution is the coppering solution2     
should it not be convenient to separate 
the yellow prussiate by crystallization1
 the presence of that salt in the       
solution does not deteriorate it nor    

interfere with its power of depositing  
copper4   #ai4 ,,peculiarities ,,in     
,,working ,,cyanide ,,of ,,copper       
,,solution  ,the true composition of the
 salts thus formed by copper and cyanide
 of potassium has not yet been          
determined1 but their relations to the  
battery and electrolyzation are         
peculiar4 ,the solution must be worked  
at a heat not less than from #aej to    
#bjj degrees ,farenheit 7that is not    
quite as hot a boiling water1 which is  
#bab degrees ,farenheit47 ,all other    
solutions we have tried follow the laws1
 that if the electricity is so strong as
 to cause gas to be evolved at the      
electrode1 the metal will be deposited  
in a sandy or powdered state1 but the   
solution of cyanide of copper and       
potassium is an exception to these laws1
 as there is no reguline deposit        
obtained unless gas is freely evolved   
from the surface of the article upon    
which the deposit is taking place4 ,as  
this solution is used hot1 a            

considerable evaporation takes place1   
which requires that additions be made to
 the solution from time to time4 ,if    
water alone be used for this purpose it 
will precipitate a great quantity of the
 copper as a white powder1 but this is  
prevented by dissolving a little cyanide
 of potassium in the water at the rate  
of #d ounces to the gallon4 ,the vessels
 used in factories for this solution are
 generally of copper1 which are heated  
over a flue or in a sand-bath1 the      
vessel itself serving as the positive   
electrode of the battery2 but any vessel
 will suit if a copper electrode is     
employed when the vessel is not of      
copper4   #bj4 ,,preparation ,,of ,,iron
 ,,for ,,coating ,,with ,,copper  ,when 
it is required to cover an iron article 
with copper1 it is first steeped in hot 
caustic potash or soda to remove any    
grease or oil4 ,being washed from that  
it is placed for a short time in diluted
 sulphuric acid1 consisting of about one
 part acid to #af parts of water1 which 

removes any oxide that may exist4 ,it is
 then washed in water and scoured with  
sand till the surface is perfectly      
clean1 and finally attached to the      
battery and immersed in the cyanide     
solution4 ,all this must be done with   
despatch so as to prevent the iron      
combining with oxygen4 ,an immersion of 
five minutes duration in the cyanide    
solution is sufficient to deposit upon  
the iron a film of copper1 but it is    
necessary to the complete protection of 
the iron that it should have a          
considerably thick coating1 and as the  
cyanide process is expensive1 it is     
preferable when the iron has received a 
film of copper by the cyanide solution1 
to take it out1 wash it in water1 and   
attach to it a simple cell or weak      
battery1 and put it into a solution of  
sulphate of copper4 ,if there is any    
part not sufficiently covered with      
copper by the cyanide solution1 the     
sulphate will make these parts of a dark
 colour1 which a touch of the finger    

will remove4 ,when such is the case1 the
 article must be taken out1 scoured1 and
 put again into the cyanide solution    
till perfectly covered4 ,a little       
practice will render this very easy4    
,the sulphate solution for covering iron
 should be prepared by adding it by     
degrees a little caustic potash1 so long
 as the precipitate formed is           
re-dissolved4 ,this neutralizes a great 
portion of the sulphuric acid1 and thus 
the iron is not so readily acted upon4  
,when the iron is thus coppered1 proceed
 to silver it in the manner recommended 
for silvering according to receipt ,no4 
#i2 or if you want to put a very heavy  
coating of silver on it1 make use of a  
strong battery4   #ba4 ,,soldering      
,,fluid  ,for mending articles of tin1  
iron1 zinc1 copper1 and almost all other
 metals4 ,take #b fl4 ounces of muriatic
 acid1 add zinc till bubbles cease to   
rise1 add #a_/b a teaspoonful of        
sal-ammoniac and #b ounces of water4    
,damp the part you wish to solder with  

this fluid1 lay on a small piece of     
lead1 and with a piece of hot iron or   
soldering iron solder the part4   #bb4  
,,solder ,,for ,,tin  ,take of pewter #d
 parts1 tin #a part1 bismuth #a part2   
melt them together4 ,resin is used with 
this solder4   #bc4 ,,cold ,,method ,,of
 ,,silvering ,,iron ,,with              
,,silver-,,plate  ,polish the iron toy  
wish to silver1 then damp it over with  
soldering fluid 7receipt ,no4 #ba7 ,when
 this is done give it a coat of ,no4 #bb
 solder4 ,this is done by laying a piece
 of cold solder on the iron1 and        
spreading it over with a heated         
soldering iron1 when by this means you  
get the iron nicely plated with solder1 
then lay on your silver-plate evenly1   
and gently rub it over with the heated  
soldering iron1 and it will become      
firmly united with the solder as the    
solder is with the iron1 so that you    
have the iron beautifully plated with   
silver with very little cost or trouble4
   #bd4 ,,hot ,,method ,,of ,,silvering 

,,iron ,,with ,,silver-,,plate  ,first  
polish the iron you wish to silver1 wet 
it well over with ,no4 #ba soldering    
fluid2 then having procured that kind of
 silver-plate which is tin on one side  
and silver on the other1 place it evenly
 on1 with the tined side next to the    
iron1 then place it on the fire until   
the silver-plate melts down1 then at    
once take it from the fire1 and it will 
be firmly attached to the iron1 and will
 be excellent plate2 yet ,no4 #bc1 the  
cold method1 is to be preferred in most 
cases4   #be4 ,,silvering               
,,looking-,,glasses ,,with ,,quicksilver
  ,take a piece of marble or some other 
substance very smooth1 true1 and level1 
lay on this the glass you wish to       
silver1 then make a ridge of putty on   
the marble against the edge of the glass
 all round it1 so that you can pour     
quicksilver on the glass until it is all
 covered over1 and will be prevented    
from running off by the ridge of putty2 
an inch or two1 or three outside this   

ridge make another of putty2 then cover 
the quicksilver on the glass all over   
with tin-foil1 and press it firmly but  
cautiously against the glass until you  
have squeezed out all the quicksilver   
you can4 ,while you press this1 you may 
remove part of the first ridge of putty 
to give the quicksilver a chance of     
escape4 ,when it is well pressed against
 the glass there will be an amalgam     
formed of the tin-foil and the          
quicksilver that is left1 which will    
firmly adhere to the glass4 ,by this    
means you have a very beautiful and     
cheap looking-glass2 the quicksilver    
that escapes1 being saved by the second 
ridge of putty1 may be used again4      
#bf4 ,,silvering ,,looking-,,glasses    
,,with ,,pure ,,silver  ,prepare a      
mixture of #c grains of ammonia1 #fj    
grains of nitrate of silver1 #ij minims 
of spirits of wine1 #ij minims of water2
 when the nitrate of silver is          
dissolved1 filter the liquid and add a  
small quantity of sugar 7#ae grains7    

dissolved in #a-a_/b oz4 of water1 and  
#a #a_/b oz4 of spirits of wine4 ,put   
the glass into this mixture1 having one 
side covered with varnish1 gum1 or some 
substance to prevent the silver being   
attached to it4 ,let it remain for a few
 days and you have a most elegant       
looking-glass1 yet it is far more costly
 than the quicksilver4   #bg4 ,,patent  
,,burning ,,fluid  ,to #a gallon of #ie 
per cent4 alcohol1 add #a quart of      
camphene oil2 mix and shake well1 and if
 transparent it is fit for use1 if not1 
add sufficient alcohol1 shaking it well1
 to bring it to the natural colour of   
the alcohol4 ,it may be coloured to suit
 the fancy by adding a little tincture  
of golden seal1 or any other colouring  
drug4 ,this receipt has been sold for   
#aj4   #bh4 ,,burning ,,fluid  ,take #d 
quarts alcohol1 and #a quart spirits of 
turpentine2 mix well together1 and it is
 ready for use4   #bi4 ,,non-,,explosive
 ,,burning ,,fluid  ,take #a gallon #dd 
proof alcohol1 #a quart camphene1 #c oz4

 of alum pulverized1 #a_/b oz4 camphor  
gum1 #fe drops cuicuma2 mix all together
 and let it stand #ab hours1 and it is  
ready for use4   #cj4 ,,vinegar ,,in    
,,three ,,days ,,without ,,drugs  ,take 
#b barrels and saw one of them in two in
 the centre1 and put one-half on the    
top1 and the other at the bottom of the 
whole barrel1 7or you may use three     
whole barrels if you like47 ,the middle 
barrel is to be filled with maple1      
beech1 of baswood shavings1 which are to
 be planed from the edge of boards only 
two or three feet long1 which allows the
 shavings to roll1 and prevents them    
from packing tight1 and also allows air 
to circulate through them1 which is     
admitted through a number of inch holes1
 which are to be made near the bottom of
 the barrel and just above the faucet1  
which lets the vinegar run into the tub 
below4 ,the top tub has its bottom      
pierced with small bit holes1 having    
several threads of twine hanging in them
 to conduct the vinegar evenly over the 

top of the shavings in the middle of the
 barrel4 ,air must be permitted to pass 
out between the top tub and barrel1     
which comes in at the holes in the      
bottom4 ,the shavings which fill the    
barrel must be soaked three or four days
 in good vinegar before they are put in4
 ,when thus arranged1 for every gallon  
of water use #a_/b lb4 of sugar2 7that  
you get from molasses barrels does vary 
well47 ,if you wish to make vinegar from
 whiskey1 put in #d gallons of water to 
#a gallon of whiskey2 and if from cider1
 put in one-third water1 and fill the   
top tub with this fluid1 putting #a pint
 good yeast to each barrel making2 and  
have the holes with threads or twine so 
arranged that it will run through every 
twelve hours2 and dip or pump up with a 
wooden pump every night or morning1 and 
three days will make good substantial   
vinegar1 which will keep and also       
improve by age4 ,some use only #a gallon
 of whiskey to #g gallons of water4     
,this accounts for so much poor vinegar4

 ,make good vinegar1 it will pay you4   
,if a few gallons of water is made      
boiling hot so as to warm the whole of a
 gentle warmth1 it will make faster than
 if used cold4 ,this must be done in    
cool weather1 and the room also should  
be kept warm4 ,for families1 small kegs 
will do1 but for manufacturers large    
casks are best4 ,many make vinegar by   
just putting fluid into the barrels of  
shavings1 soaked as directed above1 and 
do not let it run through1 but let it   
stand in the shavings till sour2 but it 
does not work fast enough for           
manufacturers4 ,it will do where only a 
small amount is needed1 keeping the same
 strength of fluid as for the other     
plan1 which is best4 ,two or three years
 ago1 this receipt was sold for from #ej
 to #aej4 ,if vinegar is made from      
whiskey1 it will have a more beautiful  
colour if #e or #f lbs4 of sugar is put 
into each barrel1 of course keeping the 
same proportions of water as though only
 one kind was used4 ,the shavings will  

last the whole season4   #ca4 ,,cuba    
,,honey  ,good brown sugar #aa lbs41    
water #a quart1 old bee honey in the    
comb #b lbs41 cream tartar #ej grains1  
gum arabic #a oz41 oil of peppermint #e 
drops1 oil of rose #b drops1 mix and    
boil two or three minutes and remove    
from the fire1 have ready strained one  
quart of water1 in which a              
table-spoonful of pulverized slippery   
elm bark has stood sufficiently long to 
make it ropy and thick life honey1 mix  
this into the kettle with egg well beat 
up1 skim well in a few minutes1 and when
 a little cool1 add two pounds of nice  
strained bees' honey1 and then strain   
the whole1 and you will have not only an
 article which looks and tastes like    
honey1 but which possesses all its      
medicinal properties4 ,it has been      
shipped in large quantities under the   
name of ,cuba honey4 ,it will keep fresh
 and nice for any length of time if     
properly covered4   #cb4 ,,excellent    
,,honey  ,take #e lbs4 of good common   

sugar1 two pounds of water1 gradually   
bring to a boil1 skimming well1 when    
cool1 add #a lb4 bees' honey1 and #d    
drops of peppermint4 ,if you desire a   
better article use white sugar and #a_/b
 lb4 less water1 and one half pound more
 honey4   #cc4 ,,gunpowder  ,take       
pulverized saltpetre1 moisten it1 and   
subject it to the action of a slow fire 
until completely dried and granulated1  
of this take #ge parts1 purified sugar  
#ab and a-half parts1 moisten and grind 
together till completely blended1 which 
will require several hours1 pulverize on
 heaters till dried4   #cd4 ,,excellent 
,,matches  ,the ends of the tapers or   
wood should be very dry1 and then dipped
 in hot melted sulphur and laid aside to
 dry2 then take #d parts of glue1       
dissolve it and while hot add one part  
of phosphorus1 and stir in a few        
spoonsful of fine whiting to bring to   
the proper thickness4 ,this preparation 
should be kept hot by being suspended   
over a lamp1 while dipping the wood or  

tapers4 ,colour the mixture by adding a 
little vermillion1 lamp black or        
prussian blue2 be careful not to ignite 
the compound while dipping4   #ce4      
,,fire ,,and ,,water-,,proof ,,cement   
,to half a pint of milk add half a pint 
of vinegar to curdle it2 then separate  
the curd from the whey1 and mix the whey
 with #d or #e eggs2 beating the whole  
well together2 when it is well mixed1   
add a little quick-lime through a sieve1
 until it has acquired the consistence  
of a thick paste4 ,this is a prime      
article for cementing marble1 in or out 
of the weather4 ,it is excellent for    
broken vessels1 c4   #cf4 ,,french      
,,chemical ,,soap  ,take #e lbs4 castile
 soap1 cut fine1 #a pint alcohol1 #a    
pint soft water1 #b ounces aquafortis   
7if for black cloth #a_/b ounce of      
lampblack17 #b ounces saltpetre1 #c     
ounces potash1 #a ounce camphor1 #d     
ounces cinnamon in powder4 ,fist        
dissolve the soap1 potash1 and saltpetre
 by boiling1 then add all the other     

articles1 and continue to stir until it 
cools1 then pour it into a box1 let it  
stand #bd hours1 and cut it into cakes4 
,it is used for taking grease1 stains1  
and paints from cloth1 wood1 c4 ,this   
receipt has frequently sold for #aj4    
#cg4 ,,black ,,ink ,,without ,,sediment 
,this ink is not injured by frost--is a 
beautiful article1 and only costs #e    
cents4 per gallon1 and is sold for from 
#a to #c4 ,take #a lb4 logwood1 #a      
gallon soft water1 simmer in an iron    
vessel for one hour1 then dissolve in a 
little hot water #bd grains bychromate  
of potash1 and #ab grains prussiate of  
potash1 and stir into the liquid while  
over the fire1 then take it off and     
strain it through fine cloth4 ,this ink 
is a jet black flows freely from the pen
 and will stand the test of oexylic     
acid4   #ch4 ,,indelible ,,ink  #a inch 
of the stick of the nitrate of silver   
dissolved in a little water1 and stirred
 into each gallon of the above1 makes   
first rate indelible ink for cloth4     

,judge what indelible ink costs4   #ci4 
,,indelible ,,ink  ,nitrate of silver   
#a-a_/b oz41 dissolved in liquor ammonia
 fortisine #e-a_/b oz41 orchil for      
colouring #c_/d oz41 gum mucilage #ab   
oz41 mix the two latter1 then mix them  
with the two former1 and it is ready to 
use4   #dj4 ,,writing ,,fluid ,,or      
,,black ,,copying ,,ink  ,take two      
gallons of rain water and put into it   
gum arabic #a_/d lb41 brown sugar #a_/d 
lb41 clean copperas #a_/d lb41 powdered 
nut galls #c_/d lb41 mix and shake      
occasionally for ten days and strain4   
,if needed sooner1 let it stand in an   
iron kettle until the strength is       
obtained4 ,this ink can be depended on  
for deeds or records1 which you may want
 someone to read hundreds of years to   
come4 ,oexylic acid #a_/d oz41 was      
formerly put in1 but as it destroys the 
steel pens1 and does just as well       
without it--it is now never used4   #da4
 ,,best ,,ink ,,powder  ,this is formed 
of the dry ingredients for ink1 powdered

 and mixed4 ,take powdered galls one    
pound1 powdered green vitriol half a    
pound1 powdered gum #d ounces1 mix all  
together1 put it up into #b ounce       
packages1 each of which will make a pint
 if ink4   #db4 ,,best ,,red ,,ink      
,take of best carmine 7nakarot7 #b      
grains1 rain water #a_/b ounce1 water of
 ammonia #bj drops1 add a little gum    
arabic1 and it is in a few minutes ready
 for use4   #dc4 ,,yellow ,,ink         
,dissolve alum in saffron water to      
whatever shade of yellow you please4 ,it
 makes a beautiful ink4   #dd4 ,,blue   
,,ink  ,take ,prussian blue1 and oexylic
 acid1 in equal parts1 powder finely1   
and add soft water to bring it to a soft
 paste1 and let it stand for a few days1
 then add soft water to the desired     
shade of colour2 add a little gum arabic
 to prevent spreading4   #de4 ,,golden  
,,ink  ,take some white gum arabic1     
reduce it to an impalpable powder in a  
brass mortar1 dissolve it in strong     
brandy1 and add a little common water to

 render it more liquid1 provide some    
gold in a shell1 which must be detached 
in order to reduce it to a powder1 when 
this is done moisten it with the gum    
solution1 and stir the whole with a     
small hair brush1 or your finger1 then  
leave it for a night that the gold may  
be better dissolved4 ,if the composition
 becomes dry during the night1 dilute it
 with more gum water in which a little  
saffron has been infused1 but take care 
that the gold solution be sufficiently  
liquid to flow freely in a pen2 when the
 writing is dry polish it with a dry    
tooth4   #df4 ,,white ,,ink ,,for       
,,writing ,,on ,,black ,,paper  ,having 
carefully washed some egg shells remove 
the internal skin and grind them on a   
piece of porphyry1 then put the powder  
in a small vessel of pure water1 and    
when it has settled at the bottom1 draw 
off the water and dry the powder in the 
sun4 ,this powder must be preserved in a
 bottle2 when you want to use it put a  
small quantity of gum ammoniac into     

distilled vinegar1 and leave it to      
dissolve during the night1 next morning 
the solution will appear exceedingly    
white1 and if you then strain it through
 a piece of linen cloth1 and add to it  
the powder of egg shells in sufficient  
quantity1 you will obtain a very white  
ink4   #dg4 ,,secret ,,ink ,,for ,,young
 ,,ladies ,,and ,,gents  ,take a drachm 
of clean rain water1 put into it1 in a  
clean vial1 #aj or #ab drops of pure1   
clean sulphuric acid1 and it is ready   
for use2 write with this using a clean  
quill pen on letter paper1 and when dry 
you can see no mark at all1 then hold it
 to a strong heat and the writing       
becomes as black as jet4 ,if you want to
 write to a young lady or gentleman1 as 
the case may be1 and fearing that the   
letter might be opened before she or he 
gets it1 write with common black ink    
something of no importance1 then between
 the lines write what you want to say   
with the secret ink4 ,the person to whom
 you are writing must understand the    

scheme so that she or he may hold it to 
the heat and thereby make the writing   
visible4   #dh4 ,,cider ,,without       
,,apples  ,to each gallon of cold water 
put #a lb4 common sugar1 #a_/b ounce of 
tartaric acid1 one tablespoonful of     
yeast1 shake well1 make in an evening   
and it will be fit for use next day4 ,i 
make in a keg a few gallons at a time1  
leaving a few quarts to make into next  
time1 not using yeast again until the   
keg needs rinsing4 ,if it gets a little 
sour1 make a little more into it or put 
as much water with it as there is cider 
and put it with the vinegar4 ,if it is  
desired to bottle this cider by         
manufacturers of small drinks1 you will 
proceed as follows3 put in a barrel #e  
gallons of hot water1 #cj lbs4 of brown 
sugar1 #c_/d lb4 of tartaric acid1 #be  
gallons of cold water1 #c pints of hop  
or brewer's yeast1 work into paste with 
#c_/d lb4 of flower1 and one pint water 
will be required in making this paste2  
put all together in a barrel which it   

will fill and let it work #bd hours1 the
 yeast running out at the bung all the  
time by putting in a little occasionally
 to keep it full2 then bottle1 putting  
in two or three broken raisins to each  
bottle1 and it will nearly equal        
champagne4   #di4 ,,spruce ,,or         
,,aromatic ,,beer  ,take #c gallons of  
water1 #b-a_/b pints molasses1 #c eggs  
well beaten1 #a gill yeast1 put into two
 quarts of the water boiling hot1 put in
 #ej drops of any oil you wish the      
flavour of1 or mix one ounce each1 oil  
sarsafras1 spruce1 and wintergreen2 then
 use the #ej drops4 ,for ginger flavour 
take #b ounces ginger root bruised and a
 few hops1 and boil for #cj minutes in  
one gallon of the water1 strain and mix 
all2 let it stand #b hours and bottle1  
using yeast1 of course1 as before4      
#ej4 ,,lemon ,,beer  ,to make #bj       
gallons1 boil #f ounces of ginger root  
bruised1 #a_/d lb4 cream-tartar for #bj 
or #cj minutes in #b or #c gallons of   
water2 this will be strained into #ac   

lbs4 of coffer sugar on which you have  
put #a oz4 oil of lemon and six good    
lemons all squeezed up together1 having 
warm water enough to make the whole #bj 
gallons1 just so you can hold your hand 
in it without burning1 or some #gj      
degrees of heat2 put in #a-a_/b pint    
hops or brewer's yeast worked into paste
 as for cider1 with #e or #f oz4 of     
flower2 let it work over night1 then    
strain and bottle for use4 ,this will   
keep a number of days4   #ea4           
,,philadelphia ,,beer  ,take #cj gallons
 of water1 brown sugar #bj lbs41 ginger 
root bruised #a_/d lb41 cream tartar    
#a-a_/d lb41 carbonate of soda #c       
ounces1 oil of lemon #a teaspoonful1 put
 in a little alcohol1 the white of #aj  
eggs well beaten1 hops #b ounces1 yeast 
one quart4 ,the ginger root and hops    
should be boiled for #bj or #cj minutes 
in enough of the water to make all milk 
warm2 then strain into the rest1 and the
 yeast added and allowed to work itself 
clear as the cider and bottled4   #eb4  

,,silver ,,top ,,drink  ,take of water  
#c quarts1 white sugar #d lbs41 oil of  
lemons one teaspoonful1 white of #e     
eggs1 beaten with one teaspoonful of    
flour2 boil to form syrum1 then divide  
into equal parts1 and to one add #c     
ounces of tartaric acid1 and to the     
other part #d oz4 of carbonate of soda1 
then take two thirds of a glass of      
water1 and put in a spoonful of each of 
the syrups1 more or less1 according to  
the size of the glass4   #ec4           
,,directions ,,for ,,making ,,soda      
,,drinks  ,in getting up any of the soda
 drinks which are spoken of hereafter it
 will be preferable to put about #d oz4 
of carbonate 7sometimes called          
supercarbonate7 of soda into one pint of
 water1 and shake when you wish to make 
a glass of soda1 and pour from this into
 the glass until if foams well instead  
of using dry soda as directed4   #ed4   
,,imperial ,,cream ,,nectar  ,part      
#ast4--,take #a gallon water1 #f lbs4   
loaf sugar1 #f ounces tartaric acid1 gum

 arabic #a oz4  ,part #bnd4--,take #d   
teaspoonsful of flour1 the whites of    
four eggs beat finely together1 then add
 #a_/b pint of water4 ,heat the first   
part until it is blood warm1 then put in
 the second1 boil #c minutes and it is  
done4  ,directions4--,to #c             
tablespoonfuls of the syrup in a glass  
half or two thirds full of water add one
 third of a teaspoonful of carbonate of 
soda made fine1 stir well1 and drink at 
your leisure4   #ee4 ,a ,,superior      
,,ginger ,,beer  ,take of sugar #aj     
lbs41 lemon juice #i oz41 honey #a_/b   
lb41 bruised ginger root #aa oz41 water 
#i galls41 yeast #c pints1 boil the     
ginger in the water until the strength  
is all extracted1 which you may tell be 
tasting the root1 then pour it into a   
tub1 throwing the roots away1 let it    
stand until nearly luke warm1 then put  
in all the rest of the ingredients1 stir
 well until all dissolved1 cover it over
 with a cloth1 and if it be in the      
evening1 let it remain until next       

morning1 then strain through cloth1 and 
bottle it1 and in a short time it will  
be fit for use4 ,some use less sugar1   
and some less lemon juice1 to make it   
with less expense2 but it is not so     
elegant a drink as this4   #ef4 ,,ginger
 ,,pop ,no4 #a  ,take of water #e-a_/b  
galls41 ginger root bruised #c_/d lb41  
tartaric acid #a_/b oz41 white sugar    
#b-a_/d lbs41 the whites of #c eggs well
 beat1 a small teaspoonful of oil of    
lemon1 yeast #a gill2 boil the root for 
#cj minutes in #a gallon of the water1  
strain off1 and put the oil in while    
hot1 mix all well1 make over night1 in  
the morning skim1 and bottle1 keeping   
out sediment4   #eg4 ,,ginger ,,pop ,no4
 #b  ,take best white ,jamaica ginger   
root bruised #b oz41 water #f quarts1   
boil #bj minutes and strain1 then add   
cream tartar #a oz41 white sugar #a lb42
 put on the fire1 then stir until all   
the sugar is dissolved2 then put into an
 earthen jar1 now put in tartaric acid  
#a_/d oz41 and the rind of #a lemon1 let

 it stand until #gj degrees of          
,fahrenheit1 or until you can bear your 
hand in it with comfort1 then add two   
tablespoonsful of yeast1 stir well1     
bottle for use1 and tie the corks2 make 
a few days before it is wanted for use4 
#eh4 ,,yeast  ,take a good single       
handful of hops1 and boil for #bj       
minutes in #c pints of water1 then      
strain1 and stir in a teacupful of      
flour1 a tablespoonful of sugar1 and a  
teaspoonful of salt2 when a little cool 
put in #a gill of brewer's yeast1 and   
after four or five hours cover up1 and  
stand in a cool place for use2 make     
again from this unless you let it get   
sour4   #ei4 ,,soda ,,syrups  ,take of  
loaf or crushed sugar #h lbs41 pure     
water #a gall41 gum arabic #a oz41 mix  
in a brass or copper kettle1 boil until 
the gum is dissolved1 then skim and     
strain through white flannel1 after     
which add tartaric acid #e-a_/b oz41    
dissolved in hot water4 ,to flavour use 
extract of lemon1 orange1 rose1         

sarsaparilla1 strawberry1 c41 #a_/b oz41
 or to your taste4 ,if you use the juice
 of lemon1 add #a-a_/b lbs41 of sugar to
 a pint2 you do not need any tartaric   
acid with it2 now use #b or #c          
tablespoonsful of syrup to #c_/d of a   
tumbler of water1 and #a_/c teaspoonsful
 of supercarbonate of soda made fine1   
stir well and be ready to drink2 the gum
 arabic1 however1 holds the carbonic    
acid so it will not fly off so readily  
as common soda4 ,for soda fountains1 #a 
oz41 of supercarbonate of soda is used  
to #a gallon of water4 for charged      
fountains no acids are needed in the    
syrups4   #fj4 ,,mineral ,,water  ,epsom
 salts #a oz41 cream tartar #a_/b oz41  
tartaric acid #a_/d oz41 loaf sugar #a  
lb41 oil of birch #bj drops2 put #a     
quart boiling water on all these        
articles1 and add #c quarts of cold     
water to #b tablespoonsful of yeast2 let
 it work #b hours and then bottle4      
#fa4 ,,improved ,,english ,,strong      
,,beer  ,if you have malt use it1 if    

not1 take #a peck of barley1 and put it 
into a stove oven1 and steam the        
moisture from them1 grind coarsely1 and 
pour into them #c-a_/b gallons of water1
 at #agj or #agb degrees4 7,if you use  
malt it does not need quite so much     
water1 as it does not absorb so much as 
the other4 ,the tub should have a false 
bottom with many gimblet holes to keep  
back the grain47 ,stir them well and let
 stand #c hours and draw off1 put on #g 
gallons more water at #ahj or #ahb      
degrees1 stir well1 let stand #b hours  
and draw off1 then put #a gallon or #b  
of cold water1 stir well and draw off2  
you should have about #e or #f gallons2 
mix #f lbs41 coarse brown sugar in equal
 amount of water1 add #d oz4 of good    
hops1 boil for #a-a_/b hour2 you should 
have from #h to #aj gallons when boiled2
 when cooled to #hj degrees1 put in a   
teacupful of good yeast and let it work 
#ah hours covered with a sack4 ,use     
sound iron-hooped kegs1 or porter       
bottles1 bung or cork tight1 and in two 

weeks it will be good sound beer1 nearly
 equal in strength to ,london porter1 or
 good ale1 and will keep a long time4   
#fb4 ,,sangaree  ,take wine1 ale1 or    
porter1 #a_/c1 and #b_/c water1 hot1 or 
cold1 according to the season of the    
year1 loaf sugar to the taste with      
nutmeg4   #fc4 ,,ginger ,,wine  ,put #a 
oz4 good ginger root bruised in #a quart
 of #ie per cent4 alcohol1 let it stand 
#i days1 and strain1 add #d quarts of   
water1 and #a lb4 of white sugar1       
dissolved in hot water1 #a pint port    
wine to this quantity1 for what you     
retail at your own bar makes it far     
better2 colour with tincture of saunders
 to suit2 drink freely of this hot on   
going to bed1 when you have a bad cold1 
and in the morning you will bless ginger
 wine4   #fd4 ,,hop ,,beer  ,take of    
hops #f oz41 molasses #e quarts1 boil   
the hops in water till the strength is  
out1 strain them into a #cj gallon      
barrel1 add the molasses and a teacupful
 of yeast1 and fill up with water1 shake

 it well and leave the bung out until   
fermented1 which will be in about #bd   
hours2 bung up1 and it will be fit for  
use in about #c days4 ,a most excellent 
summer drink1 smaller quantities in     
proportion4   #fe4 ,,usquebaugh ,,or    
,,irish ,,whiskey  ,best brandy #a      
gallon1 stoned raisins #a lb41 cinnamon1
 cloves1 nutmeg1 and cardamom1 each #a  
oz41 crushed in a mortar1 saffron #a_/b 
oz41 or the rind of #a ,seville orange1 
and a little sugar candy2 shake these   
well1 and it is ready for use in #ad    
days4   #ff4 ,,ice ,,cream  ,add a      
little rich sweet cream1 and #a_/b lb4  
of loaf sugar to each quart of cream or 
milk2 if you cannot get cream the best  
imitation is to boil a soft custard2 #f 
eggs to each quart of milk1 7eggs well  
beaten72 or another way1 boil a quart of
 milk1 and stir into it1 while boiling1 
a tablespoonful of arrow-root1 wet with 
cold milk1 then cool stir in the yolk of
 one egg1 to give a rich colour2 five   
minutes boiling is enough for either    

plan2 put the sugar in after they cool1 
keep the same proportions for any amount
 desired4 ,the juice of strawberries1 or
 raspberries1 give a beautiful colour   
and flavour to ice creams2 or about     
#a_/b oz4 of the essence or extracts to 
a gallon1 or to suit the taste4 ,have   
your ice well broken1 add #a quart of   
salt to a bucket of ice1 then place in  
this the vessel containing your cream1  
and about one half hour's constant      
stirring and occasional scraping down   
and beating together will freeze it4    
#fg4 ,,chicago ,,ice ,,cream  ,irish    
moss soaked in warm water about an hour1
 and rinsed well to clear it of a       
certain foreign taste1 then steep it in 
milk1 keeping it just at the point of   
boiling or simmering for an hour1 or    
until a rich yellow colour is given to  
the milk1 without cream or eggs2 #a or  
#a-a_/b oz4 of moss is enough for a     
gallon of cream1 and this will do to    
steep twice4 ,sweeten and flavour as    
other cream4  #fh4 ,,cream ,,soda  ,loaf

 sugar #aj lb41 water #c gills1 mix1 and
 warm gradually1 so as not to burn1 good
 rich cream #b quarts1 extract vanilla  
#a-a_/b oz41 extract nutmeg #a_/d oz41  
and tartaric acid #d oz42 just bring to 
a boiling heat2 for if you cook it any  
length of time it will crystallize4 ,use
 #d or #e spoonsful of this syrup       
instead of #c1 as in other syrups2 put  
#a_/c teaspoonful of soda to a glass1 if
 used without fountain4 ,for charged    
fountains no acid is used4  #fi4 ,,lemon
 ,,syrup  ,take of the juice of lemons  
one pint1 white sugar one and a half    
pound1 and a little of the peel4 ,mix   
and boil a few minutes1 strain1 and when
 a little cool1 bottle1 and cork1 for   
use4   #gj4 ,,orange ,,and ,,raspberry  
,,syrups  ,take of the juice of either1 
as the case may be1 one pint2 white     
sugar one and a half pound4 ,if it be   
orange a little of the peel2 tartaric   
acid #d oz4 ,mix and boil a few minutes2
 strain1 and when a little cool1 bottle 
and cork for use4 ,when to be drank1 mix

 three or four tablespoonsful of syrup  
with three quarters of a glass of water1
 and add a teaspoonful of soda4 ,if     
water be added to the syrup it will not 
keep well4   #ga4 ,,pure ,,wine  ,take  
three pounds of nice raisins free of    
stems1 cut each one in two or three     
pieces1 put them into a stone jug with  
one gallon pure soft water1 let them    
stand two weeks uncovered1 shaking      
occasionally 7put in a warm place in    
winter17 strain through three or four   
thicknesses of woollen1 or filter2      
colour with burned sugar2 bottle and    
cork for use4 ,for saloon purposes1 add 
one pint of good brandy4 ,the more      
raisins the better the wine1 not        
exceeding #e lbs4   #gb4 ,,pure ,,wine  
,,vinegar  ,this is made by putting the 
same quantity of water on the above     
raisins1 after the wine is poured off1  
as at first for making wine1 and        
standing the same length of time1 in the
 same way4   #gc4 ,,port ,,wine  ,take  
#db gallons of worked cider1 #ab gallons

 of good port wine1 #c gallons good     
brandy1 #f gallons pure spirits4 ,mix   
together4 ,elder-berries and sloes1 or  
fruit of the black hawes1 make a fine   
purple colour for wines4   #gd4         
,,champagne ,,wine  ,take of good cider 
7crab-apple cider is best7 seven        
gallons1 best fourth proof brandy one   
quart1 genuine champagne wine five      
quarts1 milk one gill1 bitartrate of    
potash #b oz4 ,mix and let it stand a   
short time2 bottle while fermenting4    
,this makes an excellent imitation of   
champagne with age4   #ge4 ,,currant    
,,and ,,other ,,fruit ,,wines  ,for     
currant1 cherry1 raspberry1 elderberry1 
strawberry1 whortleberry1 and wild grape
 wines1 any one can be used alone1 or in
 combination of several of the different
 kinds2 to make a variety of flavours1  
or suit persons who have some and not   
the other kinds of fruits1 to every     
gallon of expressed juice1 add #b galls4
 of soft water1 put in #f or #h lbs4 of 
brown sugar1 and #a-a_/b oz4 of cream of

 tartar1 have them dissolved2 put #a    
quart of brandy to every #f galls4 ,some
 prefer it without brandy4 ,after       
fermentation1 take #d oz4 isinglass1    
dissolved in a pint of the wine1 put to 
each barrel1 and it will refine and     
clear it2 then it must be drawn off into
 clear casks1 or bottled1 which is far  
the best4 ,give these wines age and they
 are most delicious4   #gf4 ,,dinner    
,,wine ,,or ,,english ,,patent ,,wine   
,from garden rhubarb1 which will not    
lend to intemperance4 ,an agreeable and 
healthy wine is very frequently made    
from the expressed juice of the garden  
rhubarb4 ,to each gallon of juice add #a
 gallon of soft water1 in which #g lbs4 
of brown sugar have been dissolved2 fill
 a keg or barrel with this proportion1  
leaving the bung out1 and keep it filled
 with sweetened water as it works off   
until clear4 ,any other vegetable       
extract may be added1 if this flavour is
 not liked4 ,then bung down1 or bottle1 
as you desire4 ,these stalks will       

furnish about #c_/d their weight in     
juice2 fine and settle with isinglass1  
as in the fruit wines4 ,this has been   
patented in ,england4   #gg4 ,,various  
,,wines  ,take #bh gallons of clarified 
cider2 #a gallon good brandy1 #a lb4    
crude tartar1 7this is what is deposited
 by grape wines7 #e gallons of any wine 
you wish to represent1 #a pint of sweet 
milk to settle it2 draw off in #bd or   
#cf hours after thoroughly mixing4      
#gh4 ,,blackberry ,,and ,,strawberry    
,,wines  ,these are made by taking the  
above wine when made with port wine2 and
 for every #aj gallons1 form #d to #f   
quarts of the fresh fruit1 bruised and  
strained1 are added1 and let it stand   
till the flavour is extracted2 more or  
less may be used to suit the tastes of  
different persons4 ,in bottling any of  
those wines #c or four broken raisins   
put into each bottle will add to their  
richness and flavour4   #gi4 ,,french   
,,brandy  ,take of pure spirit #a       
gallon1 best ,french brandy1 or any kind

 you wish to imitate1 even ,otard1 #a   
quart2 loaf sugar #b oz41 sweet spirits 
of nitre #a_/b oz41 a few drops of      
tincture of catechu1 or oak bark1 to    
roughen the taste if desired2 colour to 
suit your taste1 and bottle4   #hj4     
,,brandy ,,from ,,oil ,,cognac  ,take of
 pure spirits #aj gallons1 ,new ,england
 rum #b quarts1 or ,jamaica rum #a      
quart1 and oil cognac from #cj to #dj   
drops1 put in half a pint of alcohol1   
colour with tincture of kino1 or burned 
sugar1 which is generally preferred4    
,mix well and bottle4   #ha4 ,,pale     
,,brandy  ,this is made as the ,french  
brandy1 using pale instead of the       
,french1 and using #a oz4 of tincture of
 kino for colour1 only for #e gallons4  
#hb4 ,,cherry ,,brandy  ,to every #aj   
gallons of brandy add #c quarts of wild 
black cherries1 stones and all bruised1 
and crushed sugar #b lbs4 ,let it stand 
until the strength and flavour is       
obtained1 and draw from it as wanted for
 use4 ,never attempt to use oil of      

bitter almonds for this purpose1 instead
 of the cherries1 for it is a most      
deadly poison4   #hc4 ,,blackberry      
,,brandy  ,take of brandy #aj gallons1  
nice rich blackberries mashed from #d to
 #f quarts1 according to the degree of  
flavour you wish4 ,mix and add a little 
sugar to overcome the acidity of the    
berries1 according to their ripeness    
will the amount vary from one to #d oz4 
to each gallon4   #hd4 ,,strawberry     
,,brandy  ,this is made as the above1   
using very nice ripe strawberries1 and  
only about half the quantity of sugar4  
,there are no entries for receipts #he1 
#hf and #hg in the original4   #hh4     
,,holland ,,gin  ,take of pure spirits  
#a gallon1 best ,holland gin1 schnapps1 
or any kind desired1 #a quart1 oil of   
juniper #b scruples1 oil of anise #a_/d 
oz42 mix all well together4   #hi4      
,,colouring  ,take of white sugar #a    
lb41 put it into an earthen kettle1     
moisten a little1 let boil1 and burn    
red1 black and thick1 remove from the   

fire and put in a little hot water to   
keep it from hardening as it cools4 ,use
 this to colour any liquors1 needing    
colour1 to your taste1 or as near the   
colour of the liquor you imitate as you 
can4 ,tincture of kino is a good colour1
 and is made by dissolving #a oz4 of    
kino in a pint of alcohol4 ,for a cherry
 red use tincture of saffron2 for light 
amber to deep brown use sugar colouring2
 for brandy colour1 sugar2 for red use  
beet root or saunders2 for port wine    
colour use extract of rhatany4   #ij4   
,,to ,,keep ,,sweet ,,and ,,sweeten     
,,sour ,,cider  ,to keep cider sweet    
take a keg1 put several holes in the    
bottom of it1 and a piece of woollen    
cloth at the bottom1 then fill with pure
 sand closely packed1 then pass your    
cider through this1 and put up in clean 
barrels that have had a piece of cotton 
or linen cloth #b by #f inches1 dipped  
in sulphur1 and burned in them1 then    
keep in a cool place and add #a_/b lb4  
of white mustard seed to each barrel4   

,if cider is souring1 about #a quart of 
hickory ashes1 7or a little more of     
other hard wood ashes71 stirred into    
each barrel1 will sweeten and clarify   
it1 nearly equal to rectifying2 but if  
it is not rectified it must be racked   
off to get clear of pomace1 for while   
this is in it1 it will remain sour4 ,oil
 or whiskey barrels are best to put up  
cider in1 or #a_/b pint of sweet oil1 or
 a gallon of whiskey1 or both may be    
added to a barrel with decidedly good   
effects4 ,isinglass #d oz4 to each      
barrel helps to clarify and settle cider
 that is not going to be rectified4     
#ia4 ,,schrub  ,take of lemon juice #a  
pint1 white sugar #b pints1 rum #c      
pints1 water #d pints2 mix and colour   
ready for use4   #ib4 ,,stoughton       
,,bitters  ,take of gentian #d oz41     
orange peel #d oz41 columbo #d oz41     
chamomile flowers #d oz41 quassia #d    
oz41 burned sugar #a lb41 whiskey       
#b-a_/b galls41 water #b-a_/b galls12   
mix and let stand one week1 then bottle 

the clear liquor4   #ic4 ,,to ,,improve 
,,the ,,flavour ,,of ,,new ,,whiskey    
,take of whiskey #a gall41 add tea #d   
oz41 allspice #d oz41 caraway seed #d   
oz41 cinnamon #b oz41 shake occasionally
 for a week and use one pint to a       
barrel4 ,keep this mixture in a jug4    
#id4 ,,cherry ,,bounce ,,or ,,brandy    
,take #aj galls4 of good whiskey1 put   
into it from #d to #f quarts of wild    
black cherries with the stones broken1  
common almonds shelled #a lb41 white    
sugar #a-a_/b lb41 cinnamon #a_/b oz41  
nutmeg #a_/b oz41 all bruised4 ,let     
stand #ab or #ac days and draw off2     
this1 with the addition of #b galls4 of 
brandy1 make very nice cherry brandy4   
#ie4 ,,monongahale  ,take of good common
 whiskey #cf gall41 dried peaches #b    
quarts1 rye1 burned and ground as       
coffee1 #a quart1 cinnamon1 cloves1 and 
allspice1 bruised1 of each #a oz41 loaf 
sugar #e lbs41 sweet spirits of nitre #b
 oz41 put all these articles into #d    
galls4 of pure spirits1 and shake every 

day for a week1 then draw off through a 
woollen cloth1 and add the whole to the 
#cf galls4 of whiskey4   #if4 ,,rye     
,,whiskey  ,take of dried peaches #a_/b 
a peck1 put them into a pan in a stove1 
scorch a little1 not to burn however1   
then bruise1 and place in a woollen     
7pointed7 bag1 and leach good common    
whiskey over them twice1 having the     
barrel up so as to hang the bag under   
the faucet and draw slowly over them2   
this is for a barrel4 ,add #aj or #ab   
drops of aqua ammonia to each barrel1   
after leaching through the peaches2 with
 age this is nearly1 if not quite1 equal
 to whiskey made from rye4   #ig4       
,,stomach ,,bitters  ,take of gentian   
root #f oz41 orange peel #aj oz41       
cinnamon #a oz41 anise seed #b oz41     
coriander seed #b oz41 cardamom seed    
#a_/b oz41 ,peruvian bark1 unground1 #b 
oz41 bruise all the articles and add of 
gum kino #a oz41 and put them into #b   
quarts of alcohol1 and two quarts of    
pure spirits or good whiskey2 shake     

occasionally for #aj or #ab days1 and   
strain or filter through several        
thicknesses of woollen4 ,half a pint of 
this may be added to a gallon of        
whiskey1 more or less1 as desired1 and  
you have an article as good1 or better1 
and more healthy than that for which you
 will pay three times as much2 or you   
may use it the same as stoughton1 to    
which it is preferred4   #ih4           
,,peppermint ,,cordial  ,take of good   
whiskey #aj galls41 water #aj galls41   
white sugar #aj lbs41 oil of peppermint 
#a oz41 flour #a oz41 burned sugar #a_/b
 lb4 to colour1 alcohol #a pint2 put the
 oil of peppermint in the alcohol1 then 
with this work the flour well1 add the  
burned sugar1 work again1 and mix all   
the ingredients together2 let them stand
 a week and they are ready for use4 ,if 
you wish a different flavour from that  
of oil of peppermint use any other oil  
of which you desire the flavour4   #ii4 
,,st4 ,,croix ,,rum  ,take of pure      
spirits #bh galls41 of pure ,st4 ,croix 

run #c galls41 sal-ammonia 7cut in      
alcohol7 #a ,,oz41 sweet spirits of     
nitre #f ozs41 mix all together and let 
stand for #bd hours1 occasionally       
shaking1 and it is ready for use4       
#ajj4 ,,lemonade  ,take of fresh lemon  
juice #d oz41 fresh lemon peel #a_/b    
oz41 white sugar #d oz41 boiling water  
#c pints2 mix all together2 let them    
stand till cool1 and then strain off for
 use2 if you wish you can cool at once  
with ice4 ,where this is used as a      
cooling drink in fevers a little sweet  
spirits of nitre may be added4   #aja4  
,a ,,brilliant ,,whitewash  ,this bears 
a gloss like ivory1 and will not rub    
off4 ,take of clean unslacked lime #e or
 #f quarts1 slack with hot water in a   
tub1 cover to keep in the steam2 when   
ready1 pass it through a fine sieve1 and
 add #a_/d lb4 of whiting1 #a lb4 of    
good sugar pulverized1 and #c pints of  
rice flour1 first made into a thin      
paste2 boil this mixture well1 then     
dissolve #a lb4 of clean glue in water1 

and add it to the mixture1 and apply    
while warm with a whitewash brush1      
except when particular neatness is      
required you may then use a paint brush2
 in both cases put it on warm4 ,you may 
add colouring matter to give it any     
shade you please4   #ajb4 ,,changing    
,,varnishes  ,varnishes of this         
description are call changing because1  
when applied to metals such as copper1  
brass1 or tin or silver foil1 they give 
them a more agreeable colour2 indeed1   
the common metals1 when coated with them
 acquired a lustre approaching to that  
of the precious metals1 and hence these 
varnishes are much employed in          
manufacturing imitations of gold and    
silver4 ,put four ounces of the best gum
 gamboge into #cb ozs4 of spirits of    
turpentine1 #d ozs4 of dragon's blood   
into the same quantity of spirits of    
turpentine as the gamboge1 and #a oz4 of
 anatto into #h ozs4 of the same        
spirits4 ,the three mixtures being made 
in different vessels1 they should then  

be kept for about a fortnight in a warm 
place1 and as much exposed to the sun a 
possible2 at the end of that time they  
will be fit for use2 and you can procure
 any tints you wish by making a         
composition from them1 with such        
proportions of each liquor as practice  
and the nature of the colour you are    
desirous of obtaining will point out4   
,changing varnishes may likewise be     
employed1 with very good effect1 for    
furniture1 such as picture frames1      
c4--,see ,lackers4   #ajc4 ,,gold       
,,lacker ,,or ,,varnish  ,in using the  
changing varnish or any of these        
lackers1 for picture frames for         
instance1 lay them over with tin or     
silver leaf1 by means of plaster of     
,paris glue1 or cement of some kind1    
that the foil may be perfectly adherent 
to the wood1 then apply your varnish2   
apply as many coats as may suit your    
taste1 and if it be the gold lacker you 
use it has the appearance of being laid 
with gold leaf1 and if the pale brass   

lacker1 of being laid with brass1 c41   
and if you use the changing varnish you 
may make it just what colour you wish1  
by mixing the three materials in        
different proportions4 ,for making gold 
lacker1 put into a clean #d gallon tin  
#a lb4 ground turmeric1 #a-a_/b oz4     
powdered gamboge1 #c-a_/b lbs4 powdered 
gum sandrack1 #c_/d lb4 shellac1 and #b 
galls4 spirits of wine2 after being     
dissolved and strained add #a pint of   
turpentine varnish1 receipt ,no4 #aab1  
well mixed1 and it is ready for use4    
#ajd4 ,,red ,,spirit ,,lacker  ,take #b 
galls4 spirits of wine1 #a lb4 dragon's 
blood1 #c lbs4 ,spanish annatto1 #c-a_/b
 lbs4 gum sandrack1 #b pints turpentine4
 ,made exactly as the gold lacker4      
#aje4 ,,pale ,,brass ,,lacker  ,take #b 
galls4 spirits of wine1 #c ozs4 cape    
aloes1 cut small1 #a lb4 fine pale      
shellac1 #a oz4 gamboge1 cut small1 no  
turpentine4 ,varnish made exactly as    
before1 but observe1 that those who make
 lackers frequently want some paler and 

some darker and sometimes inclining more
 to the particular tint of certain of   
the component ingredients2 therefore if 
a #d oz4 vial of a strong solution of   
each ingredient be prepared1 a lacker of
 any tint can be prepared at any time as
 by changing varnish4   #ajf4 ,,demar   
,,varnish  ,this is a fine clear        
varnish1 being harder and less coloured 
than mastic1 while it is as soluble1 and
 may be had at one-tenth the price4 ,put
 #f oz4 of gum demar in a bottle with   
#aj ozs4 of spirits of turpentine1 and  
put into another bottle #f ozs4 of gum  
demar1 with #af ozs4 alcohol1 when they 
are dissolved put them together1 and you
 have an excellent cheap varnish which  
dries quickly and is very clear4   #ajg4
 ,,copal ,,varnish  ,take #a oz4 of     
copal1 and #a_/b oz4 of shellac1 powder 
them well and put them into a bottle or 
jar containing #a quart of spirits of   
wine2 place the mixture in a warm place 
and shake it occasionally1 till you see 
that the gums are completely dissolved1 

and when strained the varnish is fit for
 use4   #ajh4 ,,white ,,hard ,,varnish  
,take #a lb4 of mastic1 #d oz4 of gum   
anima2 and #e lbs4 of gum sandrack1 put 
them all together to dissolve1 into a   
vessel containing #b oz4 of rectified   
spirits of wine1 which should be kept in
 a warm place and frequently shaken till
 all the gums are quite dissolved2 then 
strain the mixture through a lawn sieve1
 and it will be fit for use4   #aji4    
,,crystal ,,varnish  ,procure a bottle  
of ,canada balsam1 which can be had at  
any druggist's2 draw out he cork and set
 the bottle of balsam at a little       
distance from the fire1 turning it round
 several times1 until the heat has      
thinned it2 then have something that    
will hold as much as double the quantity
 of balsam2 carry the balsam from the   
fire1 and1 while fluid mix it with the  
same quantity of good turpentine1 and   
shake them together until they are well 
incorporated4 ,in a few days the varnish
 is fit for use1 particularly if it is  

poured into a half gallon glass or stone
 bottle1 and kept in a gentle warmth4   
,this varnish is used for maps1 prints1 
charts1 drawings1 paper1 ornaments1 c4  
#aaj4 ,,black ,,varnish ,,for ,,old     
,,straw ,,or ,,chip ,,hats  ,take a     
#a_/b oz4 of the best black sealing wax1
 pound it well1 and put it into a #d oz4
 vial1 containing #b ozs4 of rectified  
spirits of wine2 place it in a sand-bath
 or near a moderate fire till the wax is
 dissolved1 then lay it on warm1 with a 
fine soft hairbrush1 before a fire or in
 the sun4 ,it gives a good stiffness to 
old straw hats1 and a beautiful gloss   
equal to new4 ,it likewise resists wet4 
#aaa4 ,,varnish ,,for ,,violins c4      
,take #a gallon of rectified spirits of 
wine1 #ab ozs4 of mastic1 and #a pint of
 turpentine varnish2 put them altogether
 in a tin can1 and keep it in a very    
warm place1 shaking it occasionally till
 it is perfectly dissolved2 then strain 
it1 and it is fit for use4 ,if you find 
it necessary1 you may dilute it with    

turpentine varnish4 ,this varnish is    
also very useful for furniture of       
plumtree1 mahogany1 or rosewood4   #aab4
 ,,turpentine ,,varnish  ,take #e lbs4  
of clear good resin1 pound it well1 and 
put it into #a gallon of oil of         
turpentine2 boil the mixture over a     
stove till the resin is perfectly       
dissolved1 and when cool1 it will be fit
 for use4   #aac4 ,,iron ,,work ,,black 
,,or ,,black ,,varnish ,,for ,,iron     
,put #dh lbs4 asphaltum into an iron    
pot1 and boil for four hours2 during the
 first two hours1 introduce #g lbs4     
litharge1 #c lbs4 dried copperas1 and   
#aj gallons boiled oil2 add #a_/h lb4   
run of dark gum1 with #b gallons hot    
oil2 after pouring the oil and gum1     
continue the boiling two hours1 or until
 it will roll into hard pills like      
,japan2 when cool1 thin it off with     
three gallons of turpentine1 or until it
 is of proper consistence4 ,this varnish
 is intended principally for the iron   
work of coaches and other carriages4    

#aad4 ,,varnish ,,for ,,harness  ,take  
#a_/b lb4 of india rubber1 #a gallon of 
spirits of turpentine2 dissolve enough  
to make it into a jelly by keeping it   
almost new milk warm2 then take equal   
quantities of good linseed oil1 7in a   
hot state17 and the above mixture1      
incorporate them well on a slow fire1   
and it is fit for use4   #aae4 ,,quick  
,,drying ,,harness ,,blacking ,,varnish 
,break #a_/b cake 7which is about #a    
ounce7 of white wax into an earthen pan1
 and just cover it with oil of          
turpentine2 place a board over the pan  
to keep out the air2 let it stand for   
#bd hours or until formed into a paste2 
then in another pan1 mix #a lb4 of best 
ivory black with neatsfoot oil1 until it
 assumes a thick consistency2 then mix  
the contents of both pans together4 ,it 
may be reduced with spirits of          
turpentine4 ,bottle1 and it is fit for  
use4   #aaf4 ,,oil ,,paste ,,blacking   
,take oil vitriol1 #b ozs41 tanners oil1
 #e ozs41 ivory black1 #b lbs41         

molasses1 #e ozs2 mix the oil and       
vitriol together1 let it stand a day1   
then add the ivory black1 the molasses1 
and the white of an egg2 mix well1 and  
it is ready for use4   #aag4 ,,water    
,,proof ,,oil ,,or ,,paste ,,blacking   
,take #a pint of camphene1 and put into 
it all the india rubber it will         
dissolve1 #a pint currier's oil1 #g lbs4
 tallow1 and #b ozs4 of lampblack2 mix  
thoroughly by heat4 ,this is a nice     
thing for old harness and carriage tops1
 as well as for boots and shoes4   #aah4
 ,,best ,,varnish ,,blacking ,,extant   
,take of alcohol1 #a gallon2 white      
turpentine1 #a-a_/b lbs42 gum shellac   
#a-a_/b lbs42 venice turpentine1 #a     
gill2 let these stand in a jug in the   
sun1 or by a stove1 until the gums are  
dissolved2 then add sweet oil1 #a gill2 
lampblack1 #b oz41 and you have a       
varnish that will not crack when the    
harness is twisted like the old shellac 
varnish4 ,it is good also for boots and 
shoes1 looking well1 and turns water4   

#aai4 ,,asphaltum ,,or ,,walnut ,,stain 
,take of asphaltum1 #b lbs42 boiled     
linseed oil1 #a_/b pint2 spirits of     
turpentine1 #a gallon2 mix the two first
 in an iron pot1 boil slowly until the  
asphaltum is melted1 then take it some  
distance from the fire1 cool a little1  
and add the turpentine 7avoiding        
ignition7 before it cools too much1 and 
it is finished4   #abj4 ,,polish ,,for  
,,old ,,furniture  ,take #a pint best   
spirits of wine1 #a pint raw linseed    
oil1 #a pint spirits of turpentine2 mix 
all three together1 and shake well      
before use4 ,apply with a rubber of     
cotton wool covered with a piece of     
clean old white cotton cloth4 ,apply    
slightly and you will be astonished at  
the effect4 ,old furniture that is      
scratched1 soiled1 or stained1 if the   
wood is not torn up1 being polished with
 this1 has the appearance of new4       
#aba4 ,,oil ,,to ,,make ,,the ,,hair    
,,grow ,,and ,,curl  ,take of olive oil 
#a_/b a pint1 oils of rosemary and      

origanum1 of each #a_/h of an oz4 ,mix  
well and apply rather freely4   #abb4   
,,best ,,shaving ,,soap  ,take #d-a_/b  
lbs4 white bar soap1 #a quart rain      
water1 #a gill of beef's gall1 and #a   
gill spirits of turpentine2 cut the soap
 thin1 and boil five minutes1 stir while
 boiling1 and colour with #a_/b oz4 of  
vermillion2 scent with oil of rose or   
almonds4 #aj cents worth will positively
 make #f worth of soap4   #abc4 ,,new   
,,york ,,barbers' ,,star ,,hair ,,oil   
,take of castor oil1 #f-a_/b pints2     
alcohol1 #a-a_/b pint2 citronella and   
lavender oils1 of each #b ozs42 mix and 
shake well1 and it is ready for use4    
#abd4 ,,rowland',s ,,macassar ,,hair    
,,oil  ,take of sweet oil1 #h ozs42     
cantharides and oil of lemon1 of each   
#fj drops2 alkanet sufficient to colour 
it4   #abe4 ,,rose ,,hair ,,oil  ,take  
#a quart olive oil1 #b-a_/b ozs4        
alcohol1 #a-a_/b ozs4 rose oil2 after   
this tie #a oz4 of chipped alkanet root 
in #c or #d little muslin bags1 and let 

them lie in the oil until a pretty red  
is manifested1 then change them to other
 oil4 do not press them4   #abf4        
,,bear',s ,,oil  ,take of good sweet    
lard oil1 #a quart2 bergamot1 #a ounce2 
mix well together4   #abg4 ,,ox ,,marrow
 ,,for ,,the ,,hair  ,take of ox marrow1
 #d ozs42 white wax1 #a oz42 nice fresh 
lard1 #f ozs2 mix and melt2 when cool1  
add #a-a_/b ozs4 oil of bergamot1 and   
mix well4   #abh4 ,,cologne  ,take oils 
of rosemary and lemon1 of each1 #a_/d   
oz42 oils of bergamot and lavender1 of  
each1 #a_/h oz42 oil of cinnamon1 #h    
drops2 oils of cloves and rose1 of each 
#ae drops2 best alcohol1 #b quarts2 mix 
and shake #b or #c times a day for a    
week4 ,this will be better if           
deoderized1 or cologne alcohol is used4 
#abi4 ,,hard ,,soap  ,take of soft soap1
 #ab lbs42 7that made of olive oil is   
best17 common salt1 #i lbs42 mix and    
boil for #b hours1 run it into bars1 or 
as you want it1 and you will have       
#g-a_/b lbs4 of soap4 ,add a little     

resin when you melt it over4 ,scent with
 fragrant oil if you wish to do so4     
#acj4 ,,bar ,,soap  ,take of lime water 
#a teacupful1 spirits of turpentine #b  
teaspoonsful1 resin #a_/b lb41 sal4 soda
 #a-a_/b lbs41 of bar shop soap #d lbs42
 melt and boil all together to a proper 
consistency1 then pour into moulds4     
#aca4 ,,carver',s ,,polish  ,in a pint  
of spirits of wine dissolve #b oz4 of   
seed lac1 and #b oz4 of resin4 ,the     
principal use of this polish is for the 
carved parts of cabinet work1 such as   
standards1 pillars1 claws1 c4 ,it should
 be laid on warm1 and it will be still  
better2 but all moisture and dampness   
should be carefully avoided4   #acb4    
,,french ,,polish  ,take #a oz4 of      
shellac1 #a_/d oz4 of gum-arabic1 and   
#a_/d oz4 of gum copal2 bruise them     
well1 and sift them through a piece of  
muslin1 then put them along with a pint 
of spirits of win into a closely corked 
vessel1 place it in a very warm         
situation1 and shake it frequently every

 day till the gums are dissolved1 then  
strain through a piece of muslin1 and   
keep it corked for use4   #acc4         
,,water-,,proof ,,polish  ,put #b ozs4  
of gum benjamin1 #a_/d oz4 of gum       
sandrac1 and #a_/d oz4 of gum anima1    
into a pint of spirits of wine1 in a    
closely stopped bottle1 place the bottle
 either in a sand bath1 or in hot water1
 till the gums are dissolved1 then      
strain off the mixture1 shake it up with
 a #a_/d of a gill of the best clear    
poppy oil1 and put by for use4  #acd4   
,,finishing ,,polish  ,put #b drachms of
 shellac1 and #b drachms of gum         
benjamin1 into #a_/b pint of the very   
best rectified spirits of wine1 in a    
bottle closely corked2 keep the bottle  
in a warm place1 and shake it frequently
 till the gums are dissolved1 when cold 
shake up with it #b teaspoonsful of the 
best clear poppy oil1 and it will be fit
 for use4 ,this polish may be applied   
with great advantage after any of those 
mentioned in the foregoing receipts have

 been used4 ,it removes the defects     
existing in them1 increasing their      
lustre and durability1 and gives the    
surface a most brilliant appearance4    
#ace4 ,,composition ,,used ,,in         
,,welding ,,cast ,,steel  ,take of      
borax1 #aj parts2 sal-ammoniac1 #a part2
 grind or pound them roughly together1  
then fuse them in a metal pot over a    
close fire1 taking care to continue the 
heat until all spume has disappeared    
from the surface1 when the liquid       
appears clear1 the composition is ready 
to be poured out to cool and concrete2  
afterward being ground to a fine powder4
 ,to use this composition1 the steel to 
be welded is raised to a heat1 which may
 be expressed by bright yellow1 it is   
then dipped among the welding powder1   
and again placed in the fire until it   
attains the same degree of heat as      
before1 it is then ready to be placed   
under the hammer4   #acf4 ,,composition 
,,used ,,in ,,welding ,,cast ,,iron     
,take good clear white course sand1 #c  

parts2 refined solton1 #a part2         
fosterine1 #a part2 rock salt #a part2  
borax1 #a part2 mix all together4 ,take 
#b pieces of cast iron1 heat them in a  
moderate charcoal fire1 occasionally    
taking them out while heating1 and      
dipping them into the composition1 until
 they are of a proper heat to weld1 then
 at once lay them on the anvil1 and     
gently hammer them together1 and if done
 carefully by one who understands       
welding iron1 you will have them nicely 
welded together4 ,one man prefers       
heating the metal1 then cooling it in   
the water of common beans1 and heating  
it again for welding4   #acg4 ,,cast    
,,iron ,,cement  ,take of clean borings 
or turning of cast iron1 #af parts2 of  
sal-ammoniac1 #b parts2 and flour of    
sulphur1 #a part2 mix them well together
 on a mortar1 and keep them dry4 ,when  
required for use1 take #a part of the   
mixture1 and #bj parts of clean borings1
 mix thoroughly1 and add a sufficient   
quantity of water4 ,note4--,a little    

grindstone added improves the cement4   
#ach4 ,,case ,,hardening  ,this is the  
conversion of the surface of wrought    
iron into steel1 for the purpose of     
adapting it to receive a polish1 or to  
bear friction1 c4 ,the best method in   
the world of effecting this is by       
heating the iron to cherry red in a     
close vessel1 in contact with           
carbonacious material1 and then plunging
 it into cold water4 ,bones1 leather1   
hoofs1 and horns of animals1 are best   
for this purpose1 after having been     
burnt or roasted1 so that they can be   
pulverized4 ,soot is very frequently    
used2 it answers1 but not so well4      
#aci4 ,,to ,,soften ,,iron ,,or ,,steel 
,either of the following simple methods 
will make iron or steel as soft as lead3
 #a4 ,anoint it all over with tallow1   
temper it in a gentle charcoal fire1 and
 let it cool of itself4 #b4 ,take a     
little clay1 cover your iron with it1   
temper in a charcoal fire4 #c4 ,when the
 iron or steel is red hot1 strew        

hellebore on it4 #d4 ,quench the iron or
 steel in the juice1 or water1 of common
 beans4   #adj4 ,,solder ,,for ,,lead   
,melt #a part of block tin1 and when in 
a state of fusion1 add #b parts of lead2
 if a small quantity of this1 when      
melted1 is poured upon the table1 there 
will1 if it be good1 arise little bright
 stars upon it4 ,resin should be used   
with this solder4   #ada4 ,,solder ,,for
 ,,tin  ,take #d parts of pewter1 #a of 
tin1 and #a of bismuth1 melt them       
together1 and run them into thin slips4 
,resin is also employed in using this   
solder4  #adb4 ,,solder ,,for ,,iron    
,the best solder for iron is good tough 
brass1 with a little borax4   #adc4     
,,solder ,,for ,,copper  ,take of brass1
 #f parts2 zinc1 #a part2 tin1 #a part2 
melt all together1 mix well1 and pour   
out to cool4   #add4 ,,solder ,,for     
,,steel ,,joints  ,silver1 #ai parts2   
copper1 #a part2 brass1 #b parts2 melt  
all together4   #ade4 ,,hard ,,solder   
,fuse together #b parts of copper1 and  

#a of zinc4   #adf4 ,,solder ,,for      
,,silver  ,fuse together #e parts of    
silver1 and #a part of brass4   #adg4   
,,gold ,,solder ,no4 #a  ,take of gold1 
#d parts2 silver1 #c parts2 copper #a   
part2 and zinc1 #a part4   #adh4 ,,gold 
,,solder ,no4 #b  ,take of gold1 #c     
parts2 silver1 #c parts2 copper1 #a     
part2 zinc1 #a_/b part4   #adi4 ,,gold  
,,solder ,no4 #c  ,take of gold1 #b     
parts2 silver1 #c parts2 copper1 #a     
part2 and zinc #a_/b a part4  ,the gold1
 silver1 and copper must be fused in a  
crucible before the zinc is added1 or   
else you cannot keep them in the vessel 
while heating4 ,when all are completely 
fused1 they must be well stirred1 and   
run into bars4 ,solder ,no4 #a is for   
gold #af carats and upwards2 ,no4 #b is 
for that #ad carats fine2 and ,no4 #c   
for lower qualities4 ,if more zinc is   
added1 it will fuse at a lower heat1 but
 the colour is not so good4   #aej4     
,,mock ,,gold  ,fuse together #af parts 
of copper1 #g of platinum1 and #a of    

zinc4 ,when steel is alloyed with       
#a_/ejj part of platinum1 or with       
#a_/ejj part of silver1 it is rendered  
much harder1 more malleable1 and better 
adapted for all kinds of cutting        
instruments4 ,note4--,in making alloys1 
care must be taken to have the more     
infusible metals melted first1 and      
afterwards add the others4   #aea4      
,,britannia ,,metal  ,take #d parts of  
brass1 and #d parts of tin2 when fused  
add #d parts of metallic bismuth1 and #d
 parts of metallic antimony4 ,this      
composition is added at discretion to   
metallic tin1 according to the quality  
you wish to make4   #aeb4 ,,blanched    
,,copper  ,melt together #h parts of    
copper and a half part of arsenic4      
#aec4 ,,common ,,pewter  ,melt together 
#d parts of tin and #a part of lead4    
#aed4 ,,best ,,pewter  ,melt together   
#ajj parts of tin and #ag of antimony4  
#aee4 ,a ,,metal ,,that ,,expands ,,in  
,,cooling  ,melt together #i parts of   
lead1 #b of antimony and one of bismuth4

 ,this metal is very useful in filling  
small defects in iron castings1 c4      
#aef4 ,,queen',s ,,metal  ,melt together
 #i parts of tin1 #a of antimony1 #a of 
bismuth1 and #a of lead4   #aeg4        
,,imitation ,,platinum  ,this metal1 or 
alloy1 very closely resembles platinum4 
,melt together #h parts of brass and #e 
parts of zinc4   #aeh4 ,,chinese ,,white
 ,,copper  ,melt together #dj4d parts of
 copper1 #ca4f parts of nickel1 #be4d of
 zinc1 and #b4f of iron4   #aei4        
,,manheim ,,gold  ,melt together #c     
parts copper1 #a of zinc1 and a little  
tin4   #afj4 ,,tomback1 ,,or ,,red      
,,brass  ,melt together #h parts of     
copper1 and #a part of zinc4   #afa4    
,,imitation ,,gold  ,take of platina #h 
parts1 of silver #d parts1 copper #ab   
parts1 melt all together4   #afb4       
,,imitation ,,silver  ,take of block tin
 #ajj parts1 metallic antimony #h parts1
 bismuth #a part1 and #d parts of       
copper2 melt all together4   #afc4      
,,true ,,imitation ,,of ,,gold  ,dr4    

,harmsteadt's imitation of gold1 which  
is stated not only to resemble gold in  
colour1 but also in specific gravity and
 ductility1 consists of #af parts of    
platinum1 #g parts of copper1 and #a of 
zinc1 put in a crucible1 covered with   
charcoal powder1 and melted into a mass4
   #afd4 ,,true ,,imitation ,,of        
,,silver  ,imitation of pure silver1 so 
perfect in its resemblance that no      
chemist living can tell it from pure    
virgin silver4 ,it was obtained from a  
,german chemist now dead2 he used it for
 unlawful purposes to the amount of     
thousands1 and yet the metal is so      
perfect that he was never discovered4   
,it is all melted together in a         
crucible1 here it is3 #a_/d oz4 of      
copper1 #b oz4 of brass1 #c oz4 of pure 
silver1 #a oz4 of bismuth1 #b ozs4 of   
saltpetre1 #b ozs4 of common salt1 #a   
oz4 of arsenic1 and #a oz4 of potash4   
#afe4 ,,moulds ,,and ,,dies  ,take      
copper1 zinc1 and silver1 in equal      
proportions1 and melt them together1 and

 mould into the forms you desire1 and   
bring the same to a nearly white heat2  
now lay on the thing that you would take
 the impression of1 and press it with   
sufficient force1 and you will find that
 you have a perfect and beautiful       
impression4 ,all of the above metals    
should be melted under a coat of        
powdered charcoal4   #aff4 ,,to ,,soften
 ,,horn  ,to #a lb4 of wood ashes1 add  
#b lbs4 of quicklime2 put them into a   
quart of water1 let the whole boil till 
reduced to one third1 then dip a feather
 in1 and if1 on drawing it out1 the     
plume should come off1 it is a proof    
that it is boiled enough1 if not1 let it
 boil a little longer2 when it is       
settled filter it off1 and in the liquor
 thus strained put in shavings of horn2 
let them soak for three days1 and1 first
 anointing your hands with oil1 work the
 horn into a mass1 and print or mould it
 into any shape you please4   #afg4 ,,to
 ,,make ,,moulds ,,of ,,horn  ,if you   
wish to take the impression of any coin1

 medal1 c41 previously anoint it with   
oil1 then lay the horn shavings over it 
in its softened state2 when dry the     
impression will be sunk into the horn1  
and this will serve as a mould to       
reproduce1 either by plaster of ,paris1 
putty and glue1 or isinglass and ground 
egg shells1 the exact resemblance of the
 coin or medal4   #afh4 ,,to ,,case     
,,figures ,,in ,,imitation ,,of ,,ivory 
,make isinglass and strong brandy into a
 paste1 with powder of egg shells1 very 
finely ground2 you may give it what     
colour you please1 but cast it warm into
 your mould1 which you previously oil   
over2 leave the figure in the mould till
 dry1 and you will find1 on taking it   
out1 that it bears a very strong        
resemblance to ivory4   #afi4 ,,true    
,,gold ,,powder  ,put some gold leaf1   
with a little honey or thick gum water1 
7whenever ,i speak of gum ,i mean gum   
arabic17 into an earthen mortar1 and    
pound the mixture till the gold is      
reduced to very small particles2 then   

wash out the honey or gum repeatedly    
with warm water1 and the gold will be   
left behind in a state of powder1 which1
 when dried1 is fit for use4   #agj4    
,,true ,,gold ,,powder  ,another1 and   
perhaps better method of preparing gold 
powder is to heat a prepared amalgam of 
gold in a clean open crucible1 7an      
amalgam of any metal is formed by a     
mixture of quicksilver with that metal7 
continuing a very strong heat till all  
the mercury has evaporated1 stirring the
 amalgam all the while with a glass rod2
 when the mercury has entirely left the 
gold1 grind the remainder in a          
,wedgewood's mortar1 with a little      
water1 and when dried it will be fit for
 use4 ,the subliming the mercury is1    
however1 a process injurious to the     
health4   #aga4 ,,colour ,,heightening  
,,compositions  ,for yellow gold1       
dissolve in water #f ozs4 of saltpetre1 
#b ozs4 of copperas1 #a oz4 of white    
vitriol1 and #a oz4 of alum4 ,if wanted 
redder1 add a small portion of blue     

vitriol4   #agb4 ,,for ,,green ,,gold   
,dissolve in water a mixture consisting 
of #a-a_/b oz4 of saltpetre2 vitriol and
 sal-ammoniac1 #a-a_/d oz4 of each1 and 
#a oz4 verdigris4   #agc4 ,,for ,,red   
,,gold  ,take #a-a_/b oz4 of red ochre  
in fine powder1 the same quantity of    
calcined verdigris1 #a_/b oz4 of        
calcined borax1 and #d oz4 of melted    
yellow wax2 the verdigris must be       
calcined1 or else1 by the heat applied  
in melting the wax1 the vinegar becomes 
so concentrated as to corrode the       
surface1 and make it appear speckled4   
,these last three are colours for       
heightening compositions4   #agd4       
,,mosaic ,,gold  ,mosaic gold1 or aurum 
mosaicum1 is used for inferior articles4
 ,it is prepared in the following       
manner3 #a lb4 of tin is melted in a    
crucible1 and #a_/b lb4 of purified     
quicksilver added to it2 when this      
mixture is cold1 it is reduced to       
powder1 and ground with #a_/b lb4 of    
sal-ammoniac1 and #g ozs4 of flower of  

sulphur1 till the whole is thoroughly   
mixed2 they are then calcined in a      
mattrass1 and the sublimation of the    
other ingredients leaves the tin        
converted into the aurum mosaicum1 which
 is found at the bottom of the glass1   
like a mass of bright flakey gold       
powder4 ,should any black or discoloured
 particles appear1 they must be removed4
 ,the sal-ammoniac used here must be    
very white and clear1 and the mercury   
quite pure and unadulterated4 ,when a   
shade of deeper red is required1 it can 
easily be obtained by grinding a very   
small quantity of red lead along with   
the above materials4   #age4 ,,dutch    
,,or ,,german ,,gold  ,a gilding powder 
is sometimes made from ,dutch gold1     
which is sold in books at a very low    
price4 ,this is treated in the same way 
as the real gold leaf in making the true
 gold powder4 ,it is necessary1 when    
this inferior powder is used1 to cover  
the gilding with a coat of clear        
varnish1 otherwise it soon loses its    

metallic appearance4 ,the same remark   
applies1 though to a less degree1 to    
,mosaic gilding4   #agf4 ,,copper       
,,powder  ,this is prepared by          
dissolving filings or slips of copper   
with nitrous acid in a receiver4 ,when  
the acid is saturated1 the slips are to 
be removed2 or1 if filings be employed1 
the solution is to be poured off from   
what remains undissolved2 small bars are
 then put in1 which will precipitate the
 copper from the saturated acid1 in a   
powder of the peculiar appearance and   
colour of copper1 and the liquid being  
poured from the powder1 this is to be   
washed clean of the crystals by repeated
 levigations4   #agg4 ,,common ,,size   
,the size used by painters for most     
sorts of common work is prepared by     
boiling in water pieces of parchment1   
and of the skins of animals and fins of 
fish1 and evaporating the solution to a 
proper consistency4 ,it only differs1   
however1 from a solution of glue        
containing fewer foreign ingredients1   

and in not being so strong4   #agh4     
,,dr4 ,,john',s ,,varnish ,,for         
,,plaster ,,of ,,paris ,,casts  ,take of
 white soap and white wax1 each half an 
ounce1 of water two pints2 boil them    
together for a short time in a clean    
vessel4 ,this varnish is to be applied  
when cold1 by means of a soft brush4 ,it
 does not sink in1 it readily dries1 and
 its effect may be heightened by lightly
 using a silk pocket handkerchief4      
#agi4 ,,general ,,directions ,,for      
,,bronzing  ,this art is nothing but a  
species of painting1 but far from being 
of the most delicate kind4 ,the         
principal ingredients made use of in it 
are the true gold powder1 the ,german   
gold1 the aurum mosaicum1 and copper    
powder1 7all above described47 ,the     
choice of these powders is1 of course1  
to be determined by the degree of       
brilliancy you wish to obtain4 ,the     
powder is mixed with strong gum water or
 isinglass1 and laid on with a brush or 
pencil2 and when not so dry as to have  

still a certain clamminess1 a piece of  
soft leather wrapped round the finger1  
is dipped in the powder and rubbed over 
the work2 when the work has been all    
covered with the bronze1 it must be left
 to dry1 and any loose powder then      
cleared away by a hair pencil4   #ahj4  
,,bronzing ,,in ,,wood  ,this may be    
effected by a process somewhat differing
 from the above1 ,prussian blue1 patent 
yellow1 raw amber1 lamp-black1 and pipe 
clay are ground separately with water on
 a stone1 and as much of them as will   
make a good colour put into a small     
vessel three-fourths full of size4 ,this
 mixture is found to succeed best on    
using about half as much more pipe clay 
as of any of the other ingredients4 ,the
 wood being previously cleaned and      
smoothed1 and coated with a mixture of  
clean size and lamp-black1 receives a   
new coating with the above compound     
twice successively1 having allowed the  
first to dry4 ,afterwards the bronze    
powder is to be laid on with a pencil1  

and the whole burnished or cleaned anew1
 observing to repair the parts which may
 be injured by this operation2 next1 the
 work must be coated over with a thin   
lather of castile soap1 which will take 
off the glare of the burnishing1 and    
afterwards be carefully rubbed with a   
woollen cloth4 ,the superfluous powder  
may be rubbed off when dry4   #aha4 ,,in
 ,,bronzing ,,iron  ,the subject should 
be heated to a greater degree than the  
hand can bear2 and ,german gold1 mixed  
with a small quantity of spirit of wine 
varnish1 spread over it with a pencil2  
should the iron be already polished1 you
 must heat it well and moisten it with a
 linen rag dipped in vinegar4   #ahb4   
,,bronzing ,,casts ,,of ,,plaster ,,of  
,,paris  ,there is a method of bronzing 
casts of plaster of ,paris analogous to 
that which we have above given for      
bronzing wood1 but it is not in much    
repute4 ,such figures may be beautifully
 varnished by means of ,dr4 ,john's     
varnish1 receipt ,no4 #agh4 ,casts of   

plaster of ,paris may be made by receipt
 ,no4 #afg4   #ahc4 ,,shell-,,lac       
,,varnish  ,dissolve in an iron kettle1 
one part of pearl-ash in about #h parts 
of water2 add one part of shell-lac1 and
 heat the whole to ebullition4 ,when the
 lac is dissolved1 cool the solution1   
and impregnate it with chlorine1 till   
the lac is all precipitated4 ,the       
precipitate is white1 but its colour    
deepens by washing and consolidation2   
dissolved in alcohol1 lac bleached by   
the above process yields a varnish which
 is as free from colour as any copal    
varnish4   #ahd4 ,,chlorine ,,for       
,,shell-,,lac ,,varnish  ,this may be   
formed by mixing intimately eight parts 
of common salt1 and three parts of the  
black oxide of manganese in powder2 put 
this mixture into a retort1 then pour   
four parts of sulphuric acid1 diluted   
with an equal weight of water1 and      
afterwards allowed to cool upon the salt
 and manganese2 the gas will then be    
immediately liberated1 and the operation

 may be quickened by a moderate heat4 ,a
 tube leading from the mouth of the     
retort must be passed into the resinous 
solution1 where the gas will be         
absorbed1 and the lac precipitated4     
#ahe4 ,,shell-,,lac ,,varnishes ,,of    
,,various ,,colours  ,these may be made 
by using ant colour in fine powder with 
the varnish1 in the following manner3   
rub up the colour with a little alcohol 
or spirits of turpentine till it becomes
 perfectly smooth1 then put it into the 
cup with the varnish4 ,shell-lac varnish
 is the best spirit varnish we have1 and
 may be made any colour by the above    
process4   #ahf4 ,,gold ,,oil-,,colour1 
,,or ,,size  ,the ,english method of    
preparing the colour in size1 which     
serves as the ground on which the gold  
is laid1 is1 to grind together some red 
oxide of lead with the thickest drying  
oil that can be procured1 the older the 
better4 ,to make it work freely1 it is  
mixed1 before being used1 with a little 
oil of turpentine1 till it is brought to

 a proper consistence4 ,the above four  
receipts are used in japanning4   #ahg4 
,,japanning  ,if it be woodwork you are 
about to japan1 it must be prepared with
 size1 and some coarse material mixed   
with it to fill up and harden the grain 
of the wood1 7such as may best suit the 
colour to be laid on17 which must be    
rubbed smooth with glass paper when dry4
 ,in cases of accident1 it is seldom    
necessary to resize the damaged places1 
unless they are considerable4   #ahh4   
,,grinding ,,colours ,,in ,,japanning   
,be very careful in japanning1 to grind 
your colours smooth in spirits of       
turpentine1 then add a small quantity of
 turpentine and spirit varnish1 lay it  
carefully on with a camel hair brush1   
and varnish it with brown or white      
varnish1 according to the colour4       
#ahi4 ,,colours ,,required ,,in         
,,japanning  ,flake white1 red lead1    
vermillion1 lake1 ,prussian blue1 patent
 yellow1 orpiment1 orchres1 verditers1  
vandyke brown1 umber1 lamp-black1 and   

siennas raw and burnt4 ,with these you  
may match almost any colour in general  
use in japanning4 ,for a black japan1 it
 will be found sufficient to mix a      
little gold-size with lamp-black2 this  
will bear a good gloss1 without         
requiring to be varnished afterwards4   
#aij4 ,,to ,,prepare ,a ,,fine          
,,tortoise-,,shell ,,japan  ,take #a    
gallon of good linseed oil1 and #a_/b   
lb4 of umber2 boil them together till   
the oil becomes very brown and thick1   
then strain it through a coarse cloth1  
and set it again to boil2 in which state
 it must be continued till it acquires a
 consistence resembling that of pitch2  
it will then be fit for use4   #aia4    
,,directions ,,for ,,using              
,,tortoise-,,shell ,,japan  ,having thus
 prepared the varnish or japan1 clean   
well the substance which is to be       
japanned2 then lay vermillion1 tempered 
with shell-lac varnish1 or with drying  
oil1 very thinly diluted with oil of    
turpentine1 on the places intended to   

imitate the more transparent parts of   
the tortoise-shell2 when the vermillion 
is dry1 brush the whole over with black 
varnish1 tempered to a due consistence  
with the oil of turpentine4 ,when set   
and firm1 put the work into a stove1    
where it may undergo a very strong heat1
 which must be continued a considerable 
time2 if even three weeks or a month it 
will be the better4 ,this tortoise-shell
 ground it not less valuable for its    
great hardness1 and enduring to be made 
hotter than boiling water without       
damage1 than for the superior beauty and
 brilliancy of its appearance4   #aib4  
,,to ,,make ,,cloth1 ,,silk c41         
,,water-,,proof  ,mix equal quantities  
of alum and acetate of lead1 and        
dissolve the mixture in #a-a_/b gallons 
of boiling water4 ,when the solution has
 cooled1 remove the supernatent liquid  
from the sediment1 which consists of    
sulphate of lead1 and is ready for use4 
,any article of dress1 when well        
saturated in this liquid1 and allowed to

 dry slowly1 bears the action of boiling
 water1 and does not permit it to pass  
through1 although steam and air         
penetrate if freely4   #aic4 ,,crockery 
,,cement  ,dissolve #a oz4 of common    
salt in #a quart of water1 bring to a   
boil1 and put in #a-a_/d lbs4 gum       
shell-lac2 when it shall have dissolved1
 pour into cold water1 and work like    
wax2 make into small sticks4 ,this will 
make crockery as firm as a rock4        
,directions3 ,warm the stick1 apply it  
to the broken edges1 then heat the      
edges1 place them together and hold for 
a minute1 and they are firm4   #aid4 ,a 
,,cement ,,for ,,china1 ,,glass-,,ware1 
c4  ,take a thick mucilage of gum       
arabic1 and stir into it plaster of     
,paris to form a thick paste1 apply to  
the edges with a brush1 and press firmly
 together and confine them two or three 
days1 and you will be astonished at     
their firmness4   #aie4 ,,angler',s     
,,secret  ,the juice of loveage or      
smellage mixed with any kind of bait1 or

 a few drops of the oil of rhodium2     
,india cockle1 also1 is sometimes mixed 
with flour dough1 and sprinkled on the  
surface of still water4 ,this           
intoxicates the fish1 and makes him turn
 up on the top of the water1 when he is 
taken and put in a tub of fresh water   
until he revives1 when all is right2 he 
may be eaten without fear2 but this will
 destroy many fish4   #aif4 ,,morella   
,,wine  ,take the juice of morella or   
tame cherries1 and to each quart put #c 
quarts of water1 and #d lbs4 of coarse  
brown sugar2 let them ferment1 and skim 
until worked clear2 then draw off1      
avoiding the sediment at the bottom1    
bung up1 or bottle1 which is best for   
all wines1 letting the bottles lie      
always on the side1 either for wines or 
beers4   #aig4 ,,hair ,,dye  ,no4 #a    
,crystalised nitrate of silver1 #a      
drachm2 soft water1 #a oz4 ,no4 #b      
,sulphide 7sulphuret is the same7 of    
potassium1 #a drachm2 soft water1 #a    
oz42 wash the beard or hair with soap to

 remove oil1 dry with a towel a little  
then apply ,no4 #a1 and directly after  
it ,no4 #b1 for a few minutes1          
alternately1 using different tooth      
brushes for each ,no4 ,clear days are   
best on which to apply it4 ,as soon as  
dry1 wash out well with soap4 ,keep it  
from shirt bosoms and face1 especially  
,no4 #a1 as it will make the face sore  
as well as colour it4 ,if you do get it 
on the skin1 cyanide 7cyanuret is the   
same7 of potassium1 #a drachm1 to #b    
ozs4 of water1 will take it off4 ,this  
last is poison1 however1 and should not 
touch sore places1 nor be left where    
children may get at it4   #aih4 ,,tallow
 ,,candles ,,in ,,imitation ,,of ,,wax  
,purify melted mutton tallow by throwing
 in powdered quicklime1 then add #b     
parts of wax to #a of tallow4 ,a most   
beautiful article of candle1 resembling 
wax1 will be produced by the mixture4   
,dip the wicks in lime-water and        
saltpetre on making4   #aii4 ,,to       
,,stain ,,musical ,,instruments ,a      

,,crimson ,,stain  ,take of ground      
,brazil1 #a lb42 water1 #c quarts2      
cochineal1 #a_/b oz42 boil the ,brazil  
in the water for an hour2 then strain1  
and add the cochineal2 then boil it     
gently for half-an-hour1 when it will be
 fit for use4 ,if you wish a scarlet    
tint1 boil an ounce of saffron in a     
quart of water1 and pass over the work  
before you stain it4 ,the article must  
be very clean1 and of firwood1 or the   
best sycamore4 ,when varnished over this
 stain it is most elegant4   #bjj4 ,a   
,,purple ,,stain ,,for ,,violins1 c4    
,take of chipped logwood1 #a lb42 of    
water1 #c quarts2 of pearl-ash1 #d ozs42
 of indigo1 pounded1 #b ozs42 put the   
logwood in the water1 boil well for an  
hour1 then add the pearl-ash and indigo1
 and when dissolved1 you will have a    
beautiful purple4   #bja4 ,a ,,blue     
,,stain ,,for ,,violins1 c4  ,take of   
oil of vitriol in a glass bottle1 #a    
lb42 put into it #d ozs4 of indigo1 and 
precede as directed in dyeing4   #bjb4  

,,green ,,stain ,,for ,,violins1 c4     
,take of strong vinegar1 #c pints2 of   
best verdigris1 #d ozs41 ground fine2 of
 sap green1 #a_/b oz42 of indigo1 #a_/b 
oz42 mix all together4   #bjc4 ,,general
 ,,directions ,,for ,,dyeing  ,the      
materials should be perfectly clean2    
soap should be rinsed out in soft water2
 the article should be entirely wetted1 
or it will spot2 light colours should be
 steeped in brass1 tin or earthen2 and1 
if set at all1 should be set with alum4 
,dark colours should be boiled in iron1 
and set with copperas2 too much copperas
 rots the thread4   #bjd4 ,,for         
,,colouring ,,sky ,,blue  ,get the blue 
composition2 it may be had at the       
druggist's1 or clothier's1 for a        
shilling an ounce4 ,if the articles are 
not white1 the old colours should all be
 discharged by soap or a strong solution
 of tartaric acid1 then rinsed2 #ab or  
#af drops of the composition1 stirred   
into a quart-bowl of warm water1 and    
strained if settlings are seen1 will dye

 a great many articles4 ,if you want a  
deeper colour1 add a few drops more of  
the composition4 ,if you wish to colour 
cotton goods1 put in pounded chalk to   
destroy the acid1 which is very         
destructive to all cotton2 let it stand 
until the effervescence subsides1 and   
then it may be safely used for cotton or
 silk4   #bje4 ,,for ,,lilac ,,colour   
,take a little pinch of archil1 and put 
some boiling-hot water upon it1 add to  
it a very little lump of pear-lash4     
,shades may be altered by pear-lash1    
common slat1 or wine4   #bjf4 ,,to      
,,colour ,,black  ,logwood and cider1   
boiled together in iron1 water being    
added for the evaporation1 makes a good 
durable black4 ,rusty nails or any bits 
of rusty iron1 boiled in vinegar1 with a
 small piece of copperas1 will also dye 
black2 so will ink powder1 if boiled    
with vinegar4 ,in all cases1 black must 
be set with copperas4   #bjg4 ,,to ,,dye
 ,,lemon ,,colour  ,peach leaves1 bark  
scraped from the barberry bush1 or      

saffron1 steeped in water1 and set with 
alum1 will colour a bright lemon1 drop  
in a little gum-arabic to make the      
articles stiff4   #bjh4 ,,to ,,dye      
,,royal ,,purple  ,soak logwood chips in
 soft water until the strength is out1  
then add a teaspoonful of alum to a     
quart of the liquid2 if this is not     
bright enough1 add more alum1 rinse and 
dry4 ,when the dye is exhausted1 it will
 colour a fine lilac4   #bji4 ,,to ,,dye
 ,,slate ,,colour  ,tea grounds1 boiled 
in iron vessels1 set with copperas1     
makes a good slate colour4 ,to produce a
 light slate colour1 boil white maple   
bark in clear water1 with a little alum4
 ,the bark should be boiled in brass    
utensils4 ,the goods should be boiled in
 it1 and then hung where they will drain
 and dry4   #baj4 ,,to ,,dye ,,scarlet  
,dip the cloth in a solution of alkaline
 or metallic salt1 then in a cochineal  
dye1 and let it remain some time1 and it
 will come out permanently coloured4    
,another method3 #a_/b lb4 of madder1   

#a_/b oz4 of cream tartar1 and #a oz4 of
 marine acid to #a lb4 of cloth2 put it 
all together1 and bring the dye to a    
scalding heat2 put in your materials1   
and they will be coloured in ten        
minutes4 ,the dye must be only scalding 
hot4 ,rinse your goods in cold water as 
soon as they come from the dye4   #baa4 
,,to ,,colour ,a ,,bright ,,madder  ,for
 #a lb4 of yard or cloth1 take #c ozs4  
of madder2 #c ozs4 of alum2 #a oz4 of   
cream tartar2 prepare a brass kettle    
with two gallons of water1 and bring the
 liquor to a steady heat1 then add your 
alum and tartar1 and bring it to a boil2
 put in your cloth1 and boil it two     
hours2 take it out1 and rinse it in cold
 water2 empty your kettle1 and fill it  
with as much water as before2 then add  
your madder2 rub it in fine in the water
 before your cloth is in4 ,when your dye
 is as warm as you can bear your hand   
in1 then put in your cloth1 and let it  
lie one hour1 and keep a steady heat2   
keep it in motion constantly1 then bring

 it to a boil fifteen minutes1 then air 
and rinse it4 ,if your goods are new1   
use #d ozs4 of madder to a lb4   #bab4  
,,to ,,colour ,,green  ,if you wish to  
colour green1 have your cloth as free as
 possible from the old colour1 clean1   
and rinsed2 and1 in the first place1    
colour it deep yellow4 ,fustic1 boiled  
in soft water1 makes the strongest and  
brightest yellow dye2 but saffron1      
barberry-bush1 peach-leaves1 or         
onion-skins1 will answer pretty well4   
,next take a bowlful of strong yellow   
dye1 and pour in a great spoonful or    
more of the blue composition1 stir it up
 well with a clean stick1 and dip the   
articles you have already coloured      
yellow into it1 and they will take a    
lively grass-green4 ,this is a good plan
 for old bombazet-curtains1             
dessert-cloths1 old flannel for desk    
coverings1 c4   #bac4 ,,to ,,dye ,,straw
 ,,colour ,,and ,,yellow  ,saffron1     
steeped in earthen and strained1 colours
 a fine straw colour4 ,it makes a       

delicate or deep shade1 according to the
 strength of the tea4 ,colouring yellow 
is described in receipt ,no4 #bab4 ,in  
all these cases a little bit of alum    
does no harm1 and may help to fix the   
colour4 ,ribbons1 gauze handkerchiefs1  
c41 are coloured well in this way1      
especially if they be stiffened by a bit
 of gum-arabic1 dropped in while the    
stuff is steeping4   #bad4 ,,to ,,dye ,a
 ,,drab ,,colour  ,take plum tree       
sprouts1 and boil them an hour or more2 
add copperas1 according to the shade you
 wish your articles to be4 ,white       
ribbons take very pretty in this dye4   
#bae4 ,,to ,,dye ,,purple  ,boil an     
ounce of cochineal in a quart of        
vinegar4 ,this will afford a beautiful  
purple4   #baf4 ,,to ,,dye ,,brown  ,use
 a teaspoonful of soda to an ounce of   
cochineal1 and a quart of soft water4   
#bag4 ,,to ,,colour ,,pink  ,boil #a lb4
 of cloth an hour in alum water1 pound  
#c_/d of an oz4 of cochineal and mix #a 
oz4 of cream of tartar2 put in a brass  

kettle1 with water1 enough to cover the 
cloth2 when about blood hot1 put in your
 cloth1 stir constantly1 and boil about 
fifteen minutes4   #bah4 ,,to ,,dye ,a  
,,coffee ,,colour  ,use copperas in a   
madder-dye1 instead of madder compound4 
#bai4 ,,to ,,dye ,,nankin ,,colour  ,the
 simplest way is to take a pailful of   
lye1 to which put a piece of copperas   
half as big as a hen's egg2 boil in a   
copper or tin kettle4   #bbj4 ,,to      
,,make ,,rose ,,colour  ,balm blossoms1 
steeped in water1 colour a pretty rose  
colour4 ,this answers very well for the 
linings of children's bonnets1 for      
ribbons1 c4   #bba4 ,,to ,,dye ,,straw  
,,and ,,chip ,,bonnets ,,black  ,boil   
them in strong logwood liquor #c or #d  
hours1 occasionally adding green        
copperas1 and taking the bonnets out to 
cool in the air1 and this must be       
continued for some hours4 ,let the      
bonnets remain in the liquor all night1 
and the next morning take them out1 dry 
them in the air1 and brush them with a  

soft brush4 ,lastly1 rub them inside and
 out with a sponge moistened with oil1  
and then send them to be blocked4 ,hats 
are done in the same way4   #bbb4 ,,to  
,,dye ,,white ,,gloves ,a ,,beautiful   
,,purple  ,boil #d oz4 of logwood1 and  
#b oz4 of roche-alum1 in #c pints of    
soft water1 till half wasted2 let it    
stand to be cold after straining4 ,if   
they be old gloves let them be mended2  
then do them over with a brush1 and when
 dry repeat it4 ,twice is sufficient    
unless the colour is to be very dark2   
when dry1 rub off the loose dye with a  
coarse cloth2 beat up the white of an   
egg1 and with a sponge1 rub it over the 
leather4 ,the dye will stain the hands1 
but wetting them with vinegar before    
they are washed will take it off4       
#bbc4 ,,to ,,bleach ,,straw ,,hats1 c4  
,straw hats and bonnets are bleached by 
putting them1 previously washed in pure 
water1 in a box with burning sulphur2   
the fumes which arise unite with the    
water on the bonnets1 and the sulphurous

 acid1 thus formed1 bleaches them4      
#bbd4 ,,to ,,dye ,,silks ,,black  ,to #h
 gallons of water add #d ozs4 of        
copperas2 immerse for #a hour and take  
out and rinse2 boil #b lbs4 logwood     
chips1 or #a_/b lb4 of extract2 #a_/b   
lb4 of fustic2 and for white silks1     
#a_/b lb4 of nicwood2 dissolve #b lbs4  
of good bar-soap in a gallon of water2  
mix all the liquids together1 and then  
add the soap1 having just enough to     
cover the silk2 stir briskly until a    
good lather is formed1 then immerse the 
silk and handle it lively4 ,the dye     
should be as warm as the hand will bear2
 dry quickly and without rinsing4 ,the  
above is enough for #aj yards or one    
dress4    #bbe4 ,,to ,,colour ,,yellow  
,,on ,,cotton  ,wet #f lbs4 of goods    
thoroughly2 and to the same quantity of 
water add #i oz4 of sugar of lead2 and  
to the same quantity of water in another
 vessel1 add #f oz4 of bichromate of    
potash2 dip the goods first into the    
solution of sugar of lead1 and next into

 that of the potash1 and then again into
 the first2 wring out1 dry1 and         
afterwards rinse in cold water4   #bbf4 
,,for ,,staining ,,glass--,no4 #a ,,flux
  ,minimum1 or red lead1 #c parts2 white
 sand1 washed1 #a part4 ,this mixture is
 melted1 by which it is converted into a
 greenish-yellow glass4   #bbg4 ,no4 #b 
,,flux  ,of ,no4 #a1 #h parts2 fused    
borax1 in powder1 #a part4 ,this mixture
 is melted4   #bbh4 ,no4 #c ,,flux      
,fused borax1 #e parts2 calcined flint1 
#c parts2 pure minium1 #a part4 ,this   
mixture is also melted4 ,the above      
fluxes are used in procuring the        
different colours for staining glass4   
#bbi4 ,,indigo ,,blue  ,oxide of cobalt1
 #a part2 flux ,no4 #c1 #b parts4       
#bcj4 ,,turquoise ,,blue  ,oxide of     
cobalt1 #a part2 oxide of zinc1 #c or #d
 parts2 flux ,no4 #c1 #f parts2 melt and
 pour out4 ,if it is not sufficiently   
green1 increase the zinc and flux4      
#bca4 ,,azure ,,blue  ,oxide of cobalt1 
#a part2 oxide of zinc1 #b parts2 flux  

,no4 #b1 #h parts2 melt them together4  
#bcb4 ,,deep ,,azure ,,blue  ,oxide of  
cobalt1 #a part2 oxide of zinc1 #b      
parts2 flux ,no4 #b1 #e parts4 ,the     
beauty of this colour depends on the    
proportion of flux4 ,as little as       
possible is to be used2 it must1        
however1 be brilliant4 ,sometimes less  
is used than the proportion indicated4  
#bcc4 ,,sky ,,blue  ,oxide of cobalt1 #a
 part2 oxide of zinc1 #b parts2 flux    
,no4 #b1 #ab parts2 pound up1 melt1 and 
pour out4   #bcd4 ,,emerald ,,green     
,oxide of copper1 #a part2 antimonic    
acid1 #aj parts2 flux ,no4 #a1 #cj      
parts2 pulverize together1 and melt4    
#bce4 ,,blueish ,,green  ,green oxide of
 chromium1 #a part2 oxide of cobalt1 #b 
parts2 triturate1 and melt at a high    
heat4 ,the product is a button slightly 
melted1 from which is removed the       
portion in contact with the crucible4   
,this button is pounded up1 and three   
parts of flux ,no4 #c1 for one of the   
button1 are added to it4   #bcf4 ,,grass

 ,,green  ,green oxide of chromium #a   
part1 flux ,no4 #c1 #c parts1 triturate 
and melt4   #bcg4 ,,deep ,,yellow       
,antimonic acid #b parts1 subsulphate of
 iron #a part1 flux ,no4 #a1 #aj parts2 
melt and pour out4 ,the subsulphate of  
iron may be increased a little1 the     
proportions of flux vary4   #bch4       
,,jonquille ,,yellow ,,for ,,flowers    
,litharge #ah parts1 sand #f parts4 ,the
 product of the calcination of equal    
parts of lead and tin #b parts1         
carbonate of soda #a part1 antimonic    
acid #a part1 rub together1 or          
triturate1 and melt4   #bci4 ,,wax      
,,yellow  ,litharge #ah parts1 sand #d  
parts1 oxide of antimony #b parts1      
sienna earth #b parts2 melt4 ,if it is  
too deep the proportion of sienna earth 
may be decreased4   #bdj4 ,,orange      
,,yellow  ,chromate of lead #a part1    
minium #c parts4   #bda4 ,,brick ,,red  
,yellow ,no4 #bdj1 #ab parts2 red oxide 
of iron1 #a part4   #bdb4 ,,deep ,,blood
 ,,red  ,subsulphate of iron1 calcined  

in a muffle until it becomes a beautiful
 capucine red1 #a part2 flux ,no4 #b1 #c
 parts2 mix without melting4   #bdc4    
,,brown ,,yellow ,,ochre  ,yellow ochre 
,no4 #bdd1 #aj parts2 sienna earth1 #a  
part2 triturate without melting4   #bdd4
 ,,deep ,,yellow ,,ochre--,,called      
,,yellow ,,brown  ,subsulphate of iron1 
#a part2 oxide of zinc1 #a part2 flux   
,no4 #b1 #e parts2 triturate without    
melting4   #bde4 ,,pure ,,purple  ,the  
purple powder of ,cassius mixed while   
moist with flux ,no4 #c1 and sometimes a
 little chloride of silver previously   
melted with flux ,no4 #c4 ,if the       
purple1 when prepared1 does not melt    
sufficiently easy1 some flux may be     
added when it is dry4   #bdf4 ,,deep    
,,violet  ,the purple of ,cassius1 in   
place of flux ,no4 #c1 flux ,no4 #a is  
mixed with it4 ,sometimes a little of   
blue ,no4 #bcc is added4   #bdg4 ,,flesh
 ,,red  ,the sulphate of iron1 put in a 
small crucible1 and lightly calcined1   
produces a suitable red oxide4 ,those   

which have the desired tone are         
selected4 ,all the flesh reds are made  
in this way1 and vary only in the degree
 of heat which they receive4   #bdh4    
,,hair ,,brown  ,yellow ochre1 ,no4     
#bdd1 #ae parts2 oxide of cobalt1 #a    
part2 well triturated and calcined1 in  
order to give the tone to it4   #bdi4   
,,liver ,,brown  ,oxide of iron made of 
a red brown1 and mixed with three times 
its weight of flux ,no4 #b4 ,a tenth of 
sienna earth is added to it if it is not
 sufficiently deep4   #bej4 ,,white     
,the white enamel of commerce in cakes4 
#bea4 ,,yellowish ,,grey  ,yellow ,no4  
#beb1 #a part2 blue ,no4 #bcc1 #a part2 
oxide of zinc1 #b or #c parts2 flux ,no4
 #b1 #e parts2 sometimes a little black 
is added1 according to the tone which   
the mixture produces4 ,the proportions  
of the blue and yellow vary4   #beb4    
,,yellow ,,for ,,browns  ,,greens       
,antimonic acid1 #b parts2 sulphate of  
iron #a part2 flux ,no4 #a1 #i parts4   
,this colour is melted and sometimes a  

little ,naples ,yellow is added if it is
 too soft1 i4e41 melts too easily4      
#bec4 ,,blueish ,,grey ,,for ,,mixtures 
,blue previously made by melting        
together three parts of flux ,no4 #a1   
and one part of the mixture of oxide of 
cobalt1 #h parts2 oxide of zinc1 #a     
part2 sulphate of iron calcined at a    
forge heat1 #a part2 flux ,no4 #b1 #c   
parts2 triturate and add a little       
manganese in order to render it more    
grey4   #bed4 ,,grayish ,,black ,,for   
,,mixtures  ,yellow ochre1 ,no4 #bdd1   
#ae parts2 oxide of cobalt1 #a part2    
triturate and calcine in a crucible     
until it has the desired tone4 ,a little
 oxide of manganese is added in order to
 make it blacker2 sometimes a little    
more of oxide of cobalt4   #bee4 ,,deep 
,,black  ,oxide of cobalt1 #b parts2    
oxide of copper1 #b parts2 oxide of     
manganese1 #a part2 flux ,no4 #a1 #f    
parts2 fused borax1 #a_/b part2 melt and
 add oxide of manganese1 #a part2 oxide 
of copper1 #b parts2 triturate without  

melting4   #bef4 ,,general ,,directions 
,the colours thus prepared after having 
been rubbed up on a plate of ground     
glass with the spirits of turpentine or 
lavender1 thickened in the air are      
applied with a hair pencil4 ,before     
using them1 however1 it is necessary to 
try them on small pieces of glass1 and  
expose them to the fire1 to ascertain if
 the desired tone of colour is produced4
 ,the artist must be guided by these    
proof pieces in using his colours4 ,the 
proper glass for receiving these colours
 should be uniform1 colourless1 and     
difficult of fusion4 ,for this reason   
crown glass made with a little alkali or
 kelp is preferred4 ,a design must be   
drawn upon paper and placed beneath the 
plate of glass4 ,the upper side of the  
glass being sponged over with gum-water 
affords1 when dry1 a surface proper for 
receiving the colours1 without the risk 
of their running irregularly1 as they   
would be apt to do on the slippery      
glass4 ,the artist draws on the plate1  

with a fine pencil all the traces which 
mark the great outlines and shades of   
the figures4 ,this is usually done in   
black1 and afterwards1 when it is dry1  
the vitrifying colours are laid on by   
means of larger hair pencils4 ,the      
yellow formed with chloride of silver is
 generally laid on the back of the      
glass1 for it is apt to run with the    
other colours while heating4  ,the      
pigments used in painting on glass are  
principally matallic oxides and         
chlorides1 and as1 in most of these1 the
 colour is not brought out until after  
the painting is submitted to heat1 it is
 necessary to ascertain beforehand if   
the colours are properly mixed by       
painting on slips of glass1 and exposing
 them to heat in a muffle4 ,the painter 
is guided by these trial pieces in      
laying on his colours4 ,to fire the     
paintings a furnace with a muffle is    
used4 ,the muffles are made of          
refractory clay4   #beg4 ,,white        
,,coating ,,for ,,gold ,,varnishes  ,a  

quart of strong parchment size and half 
a pint of water are to be made quite    
hot1 and to these are to be added1 7in  
small portions from time to time17 two  
good handsful of common whiting1 passed 
through a fine sieve2 this mixture is to
 be left to infuse for half an hour1    
when it is to be stirred carefully so   
that the amalgamation may be perfect4   
,this coating is preferable to any glue 
or cement for coating picture frames1   
c41 on which is to be laid the tin or   
silver leaf1 to be varnished with gold  
varnishes or lackers4    #beh4 ,,lead   
,,colouring ,,paint    ,whiting1 #aab   
lbs4444444444444444444444 #a4ab         
,blue-black1 #e lbs444444444444444444444
  #j4be   ,white lead ground in oil1 #bh
 lbs444444  #b4bd   ,road-dirt1 #ef     
lbs444444444444444444444  #j4aj         
,lime-water1 #e galls4444444444444444444
  #j4je   ,residue of the oil1 #b-a_/d  
galls4444444  #a4be                     
--------                  ,weights1 #bef
 lbs4444444 #e4ja  ,to the above add two

 galls4 of the incorporated oil1 and #b 
galls4 of the linseed oil to thin it for
 use1 and it will not exceed two cents  
and a quarter4 ,the lime-water1 whiting1
 road-dirt1 and blue-black1 must be     
first mixed together1 then add the      
ground lead1 first blending it with     
#b-a_/b galls4 of the prepared fish oil2
 after which1 thin the whole with #b    
galls4 of linseed oil and #b galls4 of  
incorporated oil1 and it will be fit for
 use4 ,for garden doors1 and other work 
liable to be in constant use1 a little  
spirits of turpentine may be added to   
the paint whilst laying on1 which will  
have the desired effect4   #bei4        
,,bright ,,green ,,paint    #aab lbs4   
yellow ochre in powder at #e cts4 per   
lb4444 #e4ej   #afh lbs4                
road-dust4444444444444444444444444444444
444  #j4be   #aab lbs4 wet blue1 at #bj 
cts4 per lb4444444444444444 #bb4dj      
#aj lbs4 blue-black1 at #e cts4 per     
lb444444444444444  #j4ej     #f galls4  
of                                      

lime-water4444444444444444444444444444  
#j4jf     #d galls4 fish oil1           
prepared44444444444444444444444  #b4dj  
#g-a_/b galls4 incorporated             
oil444444444444444444444  #d4bh         
#g-a_/b galls4 linseed oil1 at #ij cts4 
per gal444444  #f4ge                    
--------                                
,weights1 #eib lbs44444444444444 #db4bd 
,it will be seen that the bright green  
paint costs but about #g cts4 per lb41  
ready to lay on2 and the inventor       
challenges any colour-man or painter to 
produce a green equal to it for five    
times the price4 ,after painting1 the   
colour left in the pot may be covered   
with water to prevent it from sinking1  
and the brushes1 as usual1 should be    
cleaned with the painting-knife1 and    
kept under water4 ,a brighter green may 
be formed by omitting the blue-black4 ,a
 lighter green may be had by the        
addition of #aj lbs4 of ground white    
lead4 ,observe that the wet blue must be
 ground with the incorporated oil1      

preparatory to its being mixed with the 
mass4   #bfj4 ,,stone-,,coloured ,,paint
    ,lime-water1 #d                     
galls44444444444444444  #j4jd           
,whiting1 #aab lbs44444444444444444444  
#a4ab   ,white lead1 ground1 #bh        
lbs4444444444   #b4bd   ,road-dust1 #ef 
lbs4444444444444444444   #j4aj          
,prepared fish oil1 #b galls4444444444  
#a4bj   ,incorporated oil1 #c-a_/b      
galls4444444   #b4jj   ,linseed oil1    
#c-a_/b galls444444444444   #c4ae       
--------                ,weights1 #bic  
lbs4444444  #i4he  ,the above           
stone-colour fit for use1 is not three  
and a half cents per pound4   #bfa4     
,,brown-,,red ,,coloured ,,paint        
,lime-water1 #h galls44444444444444444  
#j4jh   ,spanish brown1 #aab            
lbs44444444444444   #c4cf   ,road-dust1 
#bbd lbs444444444444444444   #j4dj   #d 
galls4 of fish oil4444444444444444      
#b4dj   #d galls4 incorporated          
oil44444444444   #b4bh   #d galls4      
linseed oil4444444444444444   #c4fj     

--------                ,weights1 #eja  
lbs4444444 #ab4ab  ,this paint is       
scarcely two and a half cents per pound4
 ,the ,spanish brown must be in powder4 
#bfb4 ,a ,,good ,,chocolate ,,coloured  
,,paint  ,this is made by the addition  
of blue black in powder1 or lamp-black  
to receipt ,no4 #bfa1 till the colour is
 to the painter's mind2 and a lighter   
brown may be formed by adding ground    
white lead4 ,by ground lead is meant    
white lead ground in oil4   #bfc4       
,,yellow ,,paint  ,this is prepared with
 yellow ochre in powder1 to receipt ,no4
 #bfa1 in the same proportion as        
,spanish brown4   #bfd4 ,,black ,,paint 
,this is also prepared in the same      
proportion1 as in receipt ,no4 #bfa1    
using lamp-black or blue-black1 instead 
of ,spanish brown4   #bfe4 ,,white      
,,paint  ,slack a peck of nice1 clean1  
fresh lime in a covered vessel1 with    
water which is boiling hot2 when well   
slacked1 strain it well1 then add to it 
#a-a_/b lbs4 of finely ground rice2 let 

the rice be boiled to a thin paste1 and 
stirred in while very hot2 #a_/b peck of
 common salt1 well dissolved in warm    
water2 #a_/b lb4 of clean glue1         
dissolved in water2 and #a_/d lb4 of    
whiting2 when well mixed1 add #e gallons
 of very hot water1 then stir well1 and 
let stand a few days well covered4 ,pit 
it on hot1 and it will stand the weather
 as well as a good deal of white lead4  
,you may colour this paint to suit your 
taste1 using and stirring in well       
,spanish brown for a red pink colour4   
,take common clay finely powdered1 and  
mixed well with ,spanish brown for a    
reddish stone-colour4 ,for yellow colour
 use yellow ochre if you please1 but    
chrome yellow makes a richer colour and 
less does4 ,you may make the colours    
dark or light according to the quantity 
of colouring matter used4   #bff4       
,,compound ,,coloured ,,paints  ,the    
various colours that may be obtained by 
the mixture of other colours1 are       
innumerable4 ,i only propose here to    

give the best and simplest modes of     
preparing those which are required for  
use4 ,compound colours1 formed by the   
union of only two colours1 are called by
 painters virgin tints4 ,the smaller the
 number of colours of which any compound
 colour is composed1 the purer and the  
richer it will be4 ,they are prepared as
 follows3   #bfg4 ,,light ,,grey  ,this 
is made by mixing white lead with       
lamp-black1 using more or less of each  
material1 as you wish to obtain a darker
 or lighter colour4   #bfh4 ,,buff      
,,colour  ,this is made from yellow     
ochre and white lead4   #bfi4 ,,silver  
,,or ,,pearl ,,grey  ,mix white lead1   
indigo1 and a very light portion of     
black1 regulating the quantities by the 
shade you wish to obtain4   #bgj4       
,,flaxen ,,grey  ,this is obtained by a 
mixture of white lead and ,prussian     
blue1 with a small quantity of lake4    
#bga4 ,,brick ,,colour  ,this is        
prepared by mixing yellow ochre1 and red
 lead1 with a little white lead4   #bgb4

 ,,oak ,,wood ,,colour  ,mix together   
three-fourths white lead1 and one-fourth
 part umber and yellow ochre2 the       
proportions of the last two ingredients 
being determined by the required tints4 
#bgc4 ,,walnut ,,tree ,,colour          
,two-thirds white lead1 and one-third   
red ochre1 yellow ochre1 and umber1     
mixed according to the shade sought4 ,if
 veining is required1 use different     
shades of the same mixture1 and for the 
deepest places1 black4   #bgd4 ,,jonquil
  ,mix together yellow1 pink1 and white 
lead4 ,this colour is only proper for   
distemper4   #bge4 ,,lemon ,,yellow     
,mix together realgar and orpiment2 some
 object to this mixture on account of   
the poisonous nature of the ingredients4
 ,the same colour can be obtained by    
mixing yellow-pink with ,naples yellow2 
but it is then only fit for distemper4  
#bgf4 ,,orange ,,colour  ,for this      
colour mix red lead and yellow ochre4   
#bgg4 ,,violet ,,colour  ,make1 by      
mixing vermillion1 or red lead1 with    

black or blue1 and a small portion of   
white3 vermillion is far preferable to  
red lead1 in mixing this colour4   #bgh4
 ,,purple  ,made by mixing dark-red with
 violet-colour4   #bgi4 ,,carnation     
,mix together lake colour and white4    
#bhj4 ,,gold ,,colour  ,this is procured
 by mixing massicot1 or ,naples yellow1 
with a small quantity of realgar1 and a 
very little ,spanish white4   #bha4     
,,olive ,,colour  ,this may be obtained 
by various mixtures3 black and a little 
blue1 mixed with yellow2 yellow-pink1   
with a little verdigris and lamp-black2 
or ochre and a small quantity of white1 
will also produce a kind of olive       
colour4 ,for distemper1 indigo and      
yellow-pink1 mixed with white lead or   
,spanish white1 must be used4 ,if       
veined1 it should be done with umber4   
#bhb4 ,,lead ,,colour  ,mix together    
indigo and white lead or whiting4       
#bhc4 ,,chestnut ,,colour  ,mix         
red-ochre and black1 for a              
dark-chestnut4 ,to make it lighter1     

employ a mixture of yellow-ochre4       
#bhd4 ,,light ,,timber ,,colour  ,for   
this colour mix together spruce-ochre1  
white and a little umber4   #bhe4       
,,flesh ,,colour  ,mix lake1 white-lead1
 and a little vermilion4   #bhf4 ,,light
 ,,willow ,,green  ,this is made by     
mixing white with verdigris4   #bhg4    
,,stone ,,colour  ,mix white with a     
little spruce-ochre4   #bhh4 ,,dark     
,,lead ,,colour  ,mix black and white   
with a little indigo4   #bhi4 ,,fawn    
,,colour  ,mix white lead1 stone-ochre1 
and a little vermilion4   #bij4         
,,chocolate ,,colour  ,mix lamp-black   
and ,spanish brown4 ,on account of the  
fatness of the lamp-black1 mix some     
litharge and red lead4   #bia4          
,,portland ,,stone ,,colour  ,mix umber1
 yellow ochre1 and white lead4 ,the     
variety of shades of brown that may be  
obtained1 are nearly as numerous as     
those of green4   #bib4 ,,to ,,imitate  
,,mahogany  ,let the first coat of      
painting be white lead1 the second      

orange1 and the last burned umber or    
sienna2 imitating the veins according to
 your taste and practice4   #bic4 ,,to  
,,imitate ,,wainscoat  ,let the first   
coat be white1 the second half white and
 half yellow-ochre1 and the third       
yellow-ochre only4 ,shadow with umber or
 sienna4   #bid4 ,,to ,,imitate ,,satin 
,,wood  ,take white for your first      
coating1 light blue for the second1 and 
dark blue or dark green for the third4  
#bie4 ,,turner',s ,,patent ,,yellow     
,,paint  ,when sea-salt is made into a  
paste with litharge1 it is decomposed1  
its acid unites with the litharge1 and  
the soda is set free4 ,hence ,turner's  
patent process for decomposing sea-salt1
 which consists in mixing two parts of  
the former with one of the latter1      
moistening and leaving them together for
 about twenty-four hours4 ,the product  
is then washed1 filtered1 and           
evaporated1 by which soda is obtained4  
,a white substance is now left          
undissolved2 it is a compound of        

muriatic acid and lead1 which1 when     
heated1 changes its colour1 and forms   
,turner's yellow2 a very beautiful      
colour1 much in use among               
coach-painters4   #bif4 ,,to ,,paint    
,,in ,,imitation ,,of ,,black ,,walnut  
,wash the surface of the wood with weak 
alum-water1 after being well            
sand-papered2 then go over it with      
linseed oil1 coloured with murat amber  
and red lead4 ,it is better to have this
 colour rather light1 and renew the     
application2 when this has sufficiently 
dried1 go over the surface with a strong
 sizing of transparent glue1 and then   
use two castors of copal varnish4 ,any  
good grained pine will bear a very close
 resemblance to walnut1 and the surface 
will be nearly as hard4   ,,note  ,for  
mixing the foregoing paints it is       
impossible to lay down any particular   
rule as to quantity1 as each person     
mixes them of a shade to suit his own   
taste4 ,they are mixed with oil and a   
little turpentine1 and sometimes a      

little japan is added to assist in      
drying4 ,when they are not mixed in this
 way the particular mode is mentioned4  
#big4 ,,rules ,,for ,,making ,,pickles  
,select the best vinegar1 for on this   
will depend the quality of your pickles2
 use glass bottles or stone jars for    
your pickles1 never use earthenware     
glazed2 use wooden knives and forks in  
making2 leave the jars three-fourths    
full of the articles to be pickled2 then
 fill the jar or bottle with vinegar4   
,if you add alum at all let it be very  
little2 look your pickles over          
occasionally and remove any that may not
 be doing well4 ,small cucumbers1 beans1
 green plums1 tomatoes1 onions1 and     
radish pods1 may be used for assorted   
pickles2 one red pepper for forty or    
fifty cucumbers is sufficient2 if the   
vinegar on pickles becomes white or     
weak1 take it out and scald and skim it1
 then return it to the pickles4   #bih4 
,,asparagus ,,pickled  ,cut and wash the
 heads of the largest asparagus2 place  

them in cold water for two hours2 scald 
carefully in salt and water1 then lay on
 a cloth until cool2 make a pickle of   
salt and vinegar and boil it2 to one    
gallon of pickles put a quarter of an   
ounce of mace1 two nutmegs1 a quarter of
 an ounce of whole pepper1 and pour your
 pickle hot over them1 cover tight with 
a cloth1 and let stand a week1 then boil
 the pickle1 and let stand a week again1
 and boil again1 when cold1 cover       
closely4   #bii4 ,,beans ,,and ,,french 
,,beans ,,pickled  ,lay them in salt and
 water for nine days2 then add a little 
vinegar and boil them in the liquor2    
when they become green strain them1 wipe
 them dry1 and put the beans into the   
jar2 boil some vinegar1 ginger1 mace1   
pepper1 cloves1 and mustard seed1 all   
bruised1 and while hot pour it on the   
beans2 cover them close when cold4      
#cjj4 ,,to ,,pickle ,,red ,,cabbage     
,take the quarter of a purple head of   
cabbage1 cut out the stalk1 then slice  
it down endways1 put them on a drying   

sieve1 sprinkle each layer of cabbage   
with salt1 which let lay and drain for  
two or three days1 then put into a jar1 
boil some vinegar with spice tied up in 
a muslin bag1 cut a beet root of good   
colour into slices2 the branches of     
cauliflower cut off after it has lain in
 salt will look and be of a beautiful   
red2 put it into a stone jar and pour   
boiling vinegar over it4   #cja4 ,,to   
,,pickle ,,cucumbers  ,lay them upon    
dishes1 sprinkle salt over them1 let    
them lie a week1 drain then off1 and put
 them into stone jars1 pour boiling     
vinegar over them1 place them near fire1
 cover them well with vine leaves1 and  
if not a good green pour off the vinegar
 and boil it again2 cover them with     
fresh vine leaves and continue doing so 
until they are a good colour2 as1 to    
make a better green1 you must use a     
mettle stew pan or brass kettles1 which 
are very poisonous2 use wooden spoons   
with holes to dish all pickles1 keeping 
them always well covered and free from  

air4   #cjb4 ,,to ,,pickle ,,onions     
,peel the onions till they look white1  
boil some strong salt and water and pour
 it over them2 let them stand in this   
twenty-four hours2 keep the vessel      
closely covered to retain the steam2    
after this wipe the onions quite dry1   
and when they are cold pour boiling     
vinegar1 with ginger and white pepper   
over them2 the vinegar must cover the   
onions4   #cjc4 ,,to ,,pickle           
,,mushrooms  ,these are pickled in salt 
water and brandy1 but they are of little
 advantage4   #cjd4 ,,railroad ,,system 
,,of ,,horse ,,training  ,this excellent
 and very simple method of horse        
training is nearly all accomplished by  
what is called the persuader or bit2    
which is made as follows3 take a piece  
of strong rope eight or ten feet long   
and a quarter of an inch thick1 then    
part the horse's mane in the centre1    
turning one half towards the ears1 and  
the other towards the back of the horse2
 next tie the rope by one end in a hard 

knot that will not slip--not too        
tightly--round the horse's neck in the  
place at which the mane is divided1     
having the knot on the right side of the
 neck2 then pass the loose end of the   
rope forwards1 along the right side of  
the neck1 into the horse's mouth and    
back along the left side of the neck to 
that part of the rope which surrounds   
the horse's neck1 and underneath which  
it is passed2 than take the loose end of
 the rope in your hand1 and you have the
 persuader or bit completed4 ,by pulling
 on the end which you now hold1 you draw
 his mouth up towards his throat1 and   
can thereby inflict the most            
excruciating torture that is possible   
for a horse to undergo1 and the beauty  
of it is1 without the least injury to   
the animal4 ,one pull on this persuader 
is more dreaded by the horse than a     
whole day's flogging with raw-hide4 ,in 
fact he cannot stand it2 no matter how  
ugly his tricks may be1 such as kicking1
 balking or anything else1 if you use   

the persuader on him at the time1 you   
can conquer him at once2 make him as    
meek as a lamb1 and glad to do anything 
to escape the torture inflicted by the  
persuader4 ,a few times is all you will 
have to use it1 even on the most sulky  
animal1 until you will see no more of   
his tricks1 and he is completely        
conquered4   #cje4 ,,to ,,halter ,,wild 
,,colts  ,how to approach and halter the
 wildest colt of any age without danger1
 and lead him quietly1 is as follows3   
choose a large floor1 that of a         
wagonhouse answers well1 strew it over  
with straw two or three inches deep1    
turn your colt into it1 follow him in   
with a good whip1 shut the door1 and he 
will clear to the furthest corner1      
follow him1 and whip him well on the    
hips1 he will clear to another corner1  
follow him1 treat him in the same       
manner1 and he will soon begin to turn  
his head towards you1 then stop and bid 
him come to you1 if he does not come1   
lay on the whip again1 being always     

careful not to touch him about the head 
or shoulders1 but always about the hips1
 in a short time he will come to you    
when you bid him1 then rub his ears1    
nose1 neck1 chest1 c41 and pet him all  
you can2 halter and lead him about the  
floor2 it at any time he clears from    
you1 pay the whip well on his hips until
 he comes to you again2 after a little  
use him the same way in a small yard1   
and after this you can do as you like   
with him in any place4   #cjf4 ,,horses 
,,with ,,tender ,,ears  ,how to make a  
horse1 that is afraid of his head or    
ears1 easy to bridle or halter1 is as   
follows3 if your horse is very fractious
 and wild1 you will need to treat him   
according to receipt ,no4 #cje1 first3  
at all events you will want the floor   
well covered with straw1 then raise the 
left fore leg and strap it so that your 
horse will stand on three legs1 then tie
 a strap just above his right fore foot1
 and standing on the left side of the   
horse1 holding the strap in your hand1  

chirp to him1 and the moment he attempts
 to move forwards1 he is on his knees2  
you may then fasten the strap to that on
 the left leg1 or hold it in your hand1 
as you please2 then after the horse gets
 done struggling and working1 rub his   
nose and ears gently1 and put the halter
 on and take it off repeatedly1 to show 
him that it may be done without hurting 
him1 and in a short time he will not    
mind the halter or bridle4   #cjg4 ,,how
 ,,to ,,control ,a ,,vicious ,,horse    
,how to acquire the most perfect control
 over the most vicious and wildest      
horse1 in a short time1 without the use 
of drugs or charms1 is by going         
according to receipts ,no4 #cje and ,no4
 #cjf1 and sometimes you may have to use
 the persuader4   #cjh4 ,,to ,,break ,a 
,,wild ,,colt  ,how to break the wildest
 colt in a short time1 so that a boy of 
#ad years old can ride or handle him in 
perfect safety4 ,this is done by means  
of the persuader receipts ,no4 #cje and 
,no4 #cjf1 and if the boy is to ride    

him1 after the horse is on his knees1 as
 directed in receipt ,no4 #cjf1 and the 
horse is tired out by struggling1 then  
let somebody get on his back1 sit there 
for a while1 then move on to his        
shoulders1 and back unto his hips1 and  
so work round the horse until he does   
not mind it1 and has no fear from it4   
,when he has a few lessons like this1   
any lad may ride him in safety4   #cji4 
,,to ,,make ,a ,,stallion ,,lie ,,down  
,how to make the worst stallion lie down
 and allow you to perform any surgical  
operation on him that you wish1 without 
the assistance of any one4 ,if the horse
 is very ugly1 you may need to follow1  
first1 receipt ,no4 #cje1 and perhaps1  
use the persuader1 but it is principally
 done by receipt ,no4 #cjf1 with this   
addition3 when you have the horse on his
 knees1 you standing on his left side1  
and holding the strap which is attached 
to his right fore foot in your hand1 as 
taught in receipt ,no4 #cjf1 then put a 
headstall on him1 and to its ring on the

 left side of his mouth1 tie firmly a   
stick about an inch and a half thick1   
which1 let run up on the left side of   
his neck1 to the top of his shoulders1  
then tie the strap1 which is attached to
 the right foot1 to this pole2 now pull 
the horse over on his left side1 and you
 have him powerless1 his fore feet are  
drawn up1 and on account of the pole he 
cannot raise his head1 so that you have 
perfect control over him to do as you   
please4   #caj4 ,,pulling ,,at ,,the    
,,halter  ,to break a horse from pulling
 at the halter4 ,this is done by means  
of the persuader2 if he pulls once on   
this1 he will never try it again4       
#caa4 ,,wild ,,stallions  ,how to break 
the wildest stallion in a short time1 so
 that a boy can lead him in perfect     
safety4 ,this is done by putting the    
horse through a regular course of       
training1 according to receipts ,no4    
#cje and ,no4 #cjf1 and the use of the  
persuader4   #cab4 ,,balky ,,horses     
,how to make the worst of balky horses  

pull true4 ,whenever your horse balks1  
if you there and then1 openly and       
publicly make use of the persuader1 and 
jerk him well with it1 he will be glad  
to go1 and in a short time you will have
 to use it no more2 but as long as this 
system is kept secret1 and when a horse 
balks1 you do not then use the          
persuader1 you will never break the     
horse from balking4   #cac4 ,,shoeing   
,,horses  ,how to make a horse stand to 
be shod4 ,this is accomplished by having
 the persuader fitted on1 and whenever  
the horse makes an attempt to be ugly1  
pull on the persuader1 and he will very 
soon be glad to stand as quiet as a     
lamb4   #cad4 ,,whoa  ,how to make a    
horse understand the word whoa so       
perfectly1 that he will always stop when
 spoken to1 no matter what may occur to 
frighten him4 ,this is done by having   
the persuader fitted on1 and whenever   
you sat whoa1 in a loud and stern tone  
of voice1 pull on the persuader1 and it 
is impossible for a horse to fear or    

dread anything else as much as this1 he 
will stop instantly1 no matter what may 
occur to frighten him4   #cae4          
,,throwing  ,how to break a horse off   
the habit of throwing his rider4 ,this  
is accomplished by means of the         
persuader1 and receipt ,no4 #cjh4       
#caf4 ,,scaring  ,how to break a horse  
off scaring at umbrellas or buffalo     
robes1 so that you may toss them at him 
without disturbing him4 ,to accomplish  
this you want to get the horse on his   
knees1 according to receipt ,no4 #cjf2  
then bring your robes and umbrellas near
 him1 let him smell them1 toss them at  
him1 and throw them over his head       
carefully1 and so continue to work1     
showing him that they do not harm him1  
until all fear of them is lost4   #cag4 
,,kicking ,,horses  ,how to break the   
worst class of kicking horses4 ,to      
accomplish this1 you will want to put   
the horse through a regular course of   
training1 according to this system1     
until you have him well conquered2 then 

keep the persuader on1 and if he should 
ever attempt to kick1 at that moment    
jerk well on the persuader1 and he will 
think of everything but kicking2 when he
 attempts it a few times1 and you check 
him in this manner1 he will quit it     
altogether4   #cah4 ,,to ,,bit ,a       
,,horse  ,how to bit a horse more       
perfectly1 in ten minutes1 at a cost of 
ten cents1 that can be done with any    
other bit and rig1 at a cost of five to 
ten dollars4 ,this bit is what is called
 the persuader1 and it is the best bit  
that ever was used for bitting colts4   
,it puts a most beautiful curve in the  
neck1 and leaves the colt at ease while 
wearing it4 ,when it is used for this   
purpose1 the end that you hold in your  
hand in other cases1 is now to be tied  
to that part of the persuader which     
surrounds the neck of the horse or colt4
   #cai4 ,,jockey ,,tricks--,,to        
,,produce ,,founder  ,how to make a     
horse appear as if he was badly         
foundered in one night's time4 ,take a  

fine wire1 or any substitute1 and fasten
 it tightly round the castor tit1 the   
back side of the pasture joint at night2
 smooth the hair down nicely over it1   
and by morning he will walk as stiff as 
any foundered horse4   #cbj4 ,,food     
,,and ,,starvation  ,how to make a horse
 stand by his food and starve to death4 
,grease the front teeth and roof of the 
mouth with common beef-tallow1 and he   
will not eat until you wash it out2     
this1 in conjunction with the above1    
will consummate a complete founder4     
#cba4 ,,glanders  ,how to make a horse  
appear as if he had the glanders1 in one
 night's time4 ,this is done by melting 
fresh butter and pouring it into his    
ears1 not too hot4   #cbb4 ,,balking    
,how to make a true pulling horse balk4 
,take tincture of cantharides #a oz41   
and corrosive sublimate #a drachm2 mix  
and bathe his shoulders at night4       
#cbc4 ,,to ,,cover ,,up ,,heaves  ,how  
to cover up the heaves so effectually1  
that you may work1 ride1 or run him1 and

 they cannot be detected4 ,this will    
last from twelve to twenty-four hours1  
long enough to trade off4 ,drench the   
horse with one-fourth pound of common   
bird shot1 and he will not heave until  
they pass through him4   #cbd4 ,,the    
,,countenance  ,how to put a young      
countenance on a horse4 ,make a small   
incision near the sunk place over the   
eye1 insert the point of a blow-pipe or 
goose-quill1 and blow it up2 close the  
external wound with thread1 and it is   
done4   #cbe4 ,,the ,,crib  ,how to cure
 a horse of the crib1 or sucking wind2  
saw between the upper front teeth4      
#cbf4 ,,questions  ,to teach a horse to 
answer questions4 ,this is done by      
pricking him with a pin2 for instance1  
you may say to the horse1 is your name  
,tom8 and at that moment prick him with 
a pin so that he will squeal2 then ask  
him is your name ,sam8 don't prick him  
and he will not squeal4 ,then say again 
is your name ,tom1 prick him again1 and 
he will squeal2 so continue1 and after a

 time he will squeal without being      
pricked when you ask him the first      
question1 c4   #cbg4 ,,to ,,nerve ,a    
,,horse  ,how to nerve a horse that is  
lame4 ,make a small incision about half 
way from the knee to the joint on the   
outside of the leg1 and at the back part
 of the shin bone2 you will find a small
 white tendon or cord2 cut it off and   
close the external wound with a stick1  
and he will walk off on the hardest     
pavement1 and not lame a particle4      
#cbh4 ,a ,,horse',s ,,age  ,the         
following rules will enable any man to  
ascertain with tolerable certainty the  
age of any horse4 ,every horse has six  
teeth above and six below2 before he    
arrives at the age of three he sheds his
 two middle teeth by the young teeth    
rising and shoving the old ones out of  
their place4 ,when he arrives at the age
 of three1 he sheds one more on each    
side of the middle teeth2 when four     
years old he sheds two corner and the   
last of his fore teeth2 between four and

 five he cuts his under tusks1 and when 
five will cut his upper tusks1 and have 
a mouth full and complete1 and the teeth
 will have hollows of a very dark brown 
colour4 ,at six years old the grooves   
and hollows in a horse's mouth will     
begin to fill up a little and their     
tusks have their full growth1 with their
 points sharp1 and a little concave4 ,at
 seven years old the grooves and hollows
 will be pretty well filled below4 ,at  
eight the whole of the hollows and      
groves are filled up1 and you see the   
appearance of what is termed smooth     
below4 ,at nine years old1 the point of 
the tusk is worn off1 and the part that 
was concave begins to fill up and become
 rounded4 ,between nine and ten years of
 age a horse generally looses the marks 
of the mouth4 ,after nine years old a   
wrinkle comes on the eyelid at the upper
 corner of the lower lid1 and every year
 thereafter he has one well defined     
wrinkle for each year over nine4 ,if1   
for instance1 a horse has three         

wrinkles1 he is twelve2 if four1 he is  
thirteen1 c4   #cbi4 ,,head1 ,,neck ,,or
 ,,lungs  ,how to tell by looking at a  
horse whether there is anything the     
matter with his head1 neck or lungs4 ,a 
knowledge of this is as useful as it is 
simple4 ,if there is nothing the matter 
with the head1 neck or lungs of a horse1
 the nostrils will have a clean1        
healthy1 and bright appearance1 but if  
there is1 they have always a dirty1     
muddy1 or in some way an unhealthy      
appearance4   #ccj4 ,,prof4 ,,mandie',s 
,,horse ,,taming  ,take finely grated   
horse caster1 or the warty excrescence  
from the horse's leg1 oils of rhodium1  
and cumin1 keep these in separate       
bottles well corked2 put some of the oil
 of cumin on your hand and approach the 
horse on the windy side that he may     
smell it2 he will then move towards you1
 then rub some of the cumin on his nose2
 give him a little of the castor on     
sugar1 salt1 or anything he likes1 and  
get #h or #aj drops of the oil of       

rhodium on the point of his tongue2 you 
can then get him to do anything you     
please4 ,follow up your advantage by all
 the kindness and attention possible    
towards the animal1 and your control is 
certain4 ,this is only fit for nervous  
horses2 but the railroad system is      
certain4 ,in all kinds of ugly horses it
 is the best of methods4   #cca4 ,,botts
 ,,in ,,horses  ,this may be relied on  
as a certain and safe remedy for botts  
in horses4 ,when the horse is attacked1 
pound some common glass very fine1 sift 
it through a fine piece of muslin1 take 
a tablespoonful1 put it inside a ball of
 dough1 7not mixed with the dough17 then
 put it down the horse's throat1 and in 
from two to five minutes the horse will 
get up and feel and will be well4 ,the  
moment the glass touches the botts      
though they may have eaten their way    
into the coats of the stomach1 so that  
but a small portion is exposed1 they    
will let go their hold1 will pucker up  
and be driven off by the bowels4 ,this  

remedy is perfectly safe1 and is the    
only certain cure for botts under the   
sun4 ,try it4   #ccb4 ,,ring ,,bone     
,,and ,,spavin  ,take of sweet oil1 #d  
oz42 spirits of turpentine1 #b ozs42 oil
 if stone1 #a_/b oz4 ,mix and apply     
three times a day4 ,if the horse is over
 four years old1 or in any case where   
there is not sufficient1 in addition to 
it1 you will fit a bar of lead just     
above it1 wiring the ends together1 so  
it constantly wears upon the            
enlargement1 and the two together1 will 
cure nine cases out of every ten in six 
weeks4   #ccc4 ,,poll ,,evil ,,and      
,,fistula  ,take #a lb4 common potash   
dissolved in #a_/b pint of water4 ,add  
#a_/b oz4 extract of belladona and #a   
oz4 gum-arabic dissolved in a little    
water2 work all into a paste with wheat 
flour1 and box or bottle up tight4 ,in  
applying this1 the place should be well 
cleansed with soap-suds1 7castile soap  
is best7 then tallow should be applied  
all around by the paste dissolving and  

running over it4 ,now this paste must be
 pressed to the bottom of all the       
orifices2 if very deep it must be made  
sufficiently thin to inject by means of 
a small syringe1 and repeated once in   
two days1 until the callous pipes1 and  
hard fibrous base around the poll evil1 
or fistula1 is completely destroyed4    
,sometimes one application has cured    
cases of this kind1 but it will         
generally require two or three4 ,if the 
horse cannot be kept up1 you will put a 
piece of oiled cloth over the place4    
,the advantage of this caustic over all 
others is that less pain and            
inflammation is induced4 ,the sores may 
be cured by the following or ,sloan's   
ointment3 ceder oil is to be applied to 
the tendons1 to prevent them stiffening1
 in pole evil1 or other cases4   #ccd4  
,de,g,r,a,y1 ,,or ,,sloan',s ,,horse    
,,ointment  ,take of rosin #d oz41 lard 
#h oz41 honey #b oz41 mix and melt      
slowly1 gently bring it to a boil1 and  
as it begins to boil slowly1 add a      

little less than a pint of spirits of   
turpentine1 stirring all the time it is 
being added1 then remove from the stove1
 and stir till cool4 ,this is an        
extraordinary ointment for bruses in    
flesh or hoof1 broken knees1 galled     
backs1 bites1 cracked heels1 c4 or when 
a horse is gelded1 to heal and keep away
 flies4   #cce4 ,,nerve ,,and ,,bone    
,,liniment  ,take of beef's gall #a     
quart1 alcohol #a pint1 volatile        
liniment #a lb41 spirits of turpentine  
#a lb41 oil of origanum #d oz41 aqua    
ammonia #d oz41 tincture of cayenne     
#a_/b pint1 oil of amber #c oz41        
tincture of spanish fly #f oz41 mix and 
shake well4 ,uses too well known to need
 description4   #ccf4 ,,to ,,cure       
,,founders ,,in #bd ,,hours  ,boil or   
steam oat straw for half an hour1 then  
wrap it round the horses legs while     
quite hot1 cover up with wet woollen    
rags to keep in the steam3 in six hours 
renew the application4 ,take #a gallon  
of blood from the neck vein1 and give a 

quart of linseed oil4 ,he may be worked 
next day4   #ccg4 ,,to ,,cure ,,colic   
,,in ,,ten ,,minutes  ,bleed freely at  
the horse's mouth1 and take #a oz4 of   
oil of juniper1 #a oz4 of laudanum1 and 
#b ozs4 of sweet spirits of nitre4 ,mix 
in a pint of gruel1 and drench him with 
it4   #cch4 ,,gargling ,,oil  ,take of  
tanner's oil #a quart1 oil of vitriol #b
 oz41 spirits of turpentine #a oz4 ,mix 
all together1 leave the bottles open    
till it stops working1 then it is ready 
for use4   #cci4 ,,merchant',s          
,,gargling ,,oil  ,take of linseed oil  
#b-a_/b galls41 spirits of turpentine   
#b-a_/b galls41 western petroleum #a    
gall41 liquor potass #h oz41 sap green  
#a oz41 mix all together1 and it is     
ready for use4   #cdj4 ,,purging ,,balls
  ,take of aloes1 #c oz42 anise seed1 #c
 oz42 pulverise and mix with castile    
soap4 ,this makes one ball for a horse4 
#cda4 ,,urine ,,balls  ,take of white   
resin1 #a_/b lb42 castile soap1 #a_/b   
lb42 venice turpentine1 #a_/b pint2 mix 

well together2 make the balls the size  
of butternuts4 ,give the horse three the
 first day1 two the second day1 and one 
the third day4   #cdb4 ,,for ,,the      
,,heaves  ,give the horse #a_/b drachm  
of nitric acid1 in a pint of sweet milk4
 ,repeat once in two days1 once in three
 days1 and once in four days4 ,this     
receipt is highly prized1 and is good2  
but the best remedy for heaves is so    
simple that scarcely any one will try   
it2 it is to take fresh sumack tops1    
break two or three bunches of them up in
 the horse's feed1 three times a day4   
,this will actually cure the heaves     
unless1 they are very bad4   #cdc4      
,,inflammation ,,of ,,the ,,lungs  ,the 
symptoms of inflammation of the lungs in
 the horse is as follows3 it is usually 
ushered in by a shivering fit1 the horse
 is cold all over1 reaction soon takes  
place1 the body becomes warmer1 and the 
extremities extremely cold4 ,the        
breathing is quick1 he refuses to lie   
down4 ,if when wearied out1 he lies     

down1 it is but for a moment4           
,treatment--,this may be commenced by a 
good bleeding1 which is to be followed  
by a drachm of emetic tartar1 and three 
drachms of nitre1 every eight hours1    
rubbing the extremities1 and giving     
bran-mashes2 throw warm blankets over   
the animal1 hanging down to the floor1  
and place vessels of hot water in which 
put hot stones or bricks1 and sweat     
freely1 also1 give one scruple of opium1
 and two of calomel1 twice a day4 ,the  
sides of the chest may be thoroughly    
blistered4 ,this is the proper          
treatment4   #cdd4 ,,stomach ,,and      
,,bowels  ,inflammation of the stomach  
and bowels in the horse1 resembles colic
 in its symptoms1 except in colic the   
pains pass off at times1 and return     
again1 whereas in inflammation1 the pain
 is constant1 and the animal is never   
easy2 after a time the eye acquires a   
wild haggard1 unnatural stare1 and the  
pupil1 or dark spot in the eye1 dilates4
  ,treatment--,take away1 at once1 six  

or eight quarts of blood1 and repeat the
 bleeding if the pain returns4 ,follow  
the bleeding by one scruple of opium1   
and two of calomel1 twice a day2 also   
blister the sides of the chest2 give him
 bran mash and purging balls1 7,receipt 
,no4 #cdj74   #cde4 ,,inflammation ,,of 
,,the ,,kidneys  ,the principal symptoms
 of inflammation of the kidneys in the  
horse1 is1 pressure on the loins elicit 
symptoms of pain1 the breathing is      
hurried1 there is a constant desire to  
void urine1 although passed in small    
quantities1 highly coloured1 and        
sometimes tinged with blood4            
,treatment--,this is blood letting1     
active purging1 mustard poultices as    
near the kidneys as possible1 and the   
horse warmly clothed1 c41 as in other   
inflammations4   #cdf4 ,,condition      
,,powders  ,take of flax-seed meal #b   
lbs41 finygreek meal #b lbs41 liver     
antimony #a_/b lb41 and nitre #a_/b lb41
 mix well2 give a tablespoon for three  
days and omit three days1 c4   #cdg4    

,,for ,,bone ,,spavin  ,take of         
cantharides #b oz41 strong mercurial    
ointment #d oz41 oil of turpentine #d   
oz41 iodine #c oz41 mix all with a      
sufficiency of lard to make a thin      
ointment2 apply to the spavin only once 
a day until it bursts2 then oil it with 
sweet oil until healed4 ,if the bunch is
 not then removed1 apply it again1 and  
again if necessary1 which is seldom the 
case4   #cdh4 ,,to ,,make ,a ,,horse    
,,follow ,,you  ,the horse is treated in
 the same manner as mentioned in the    
receipt ,no4 #cje1 always being careful 
to whip him on the hips4 ,when he will  
follow you round the barn floor1 then   
treat him in the same manner in a yard1 
and when he follows you here1 he will   
any place4   #cdi4 ,,colts ,,chewing    
,,halters  ,take scab from the wart on  
the inside of the leg1 rub the halter   
thoroughly with it1 and they will not be
 found chewing their halters very soon4 
,there are two consecutive receipts     
numbered #cej in the original4   #cej4  

,,horses ,,jumping ,,fences  ,pass a    
small and strong cord around his body   
just behind his shoulders1 and tie the  
halter to this cord between his         
forelegs1 so as to leave the distance   
about two feet from the cord to his     
head2 if then he attempts to jump1 he is
 compelled to throw his head forward1   
which draws hard on the cord1 and causes
 it to cut into his back1 and he        
instantly desists4 ,the cord should not 
be more than a quarter of an inch in    
diameter4   #cej4 ,,blaze ,,or ,,star   
,when we have a pair of horses that     
match well in every respect1 except that
 one has a blaze or star on the face1 it
 becomes very interesting and important 
to know how to make their faces match4  
,take a piece of oznaburgs the size you 
want the star or blaze2 spread it with  
warm pitch and apply it to the horses   
face2 let it remain two or three days1  
by which time it will bring off the hair
 clean1 and make the part a little      
tender2 then take of elixor vitriol a   

small quantity1 anoint the part two or  
three times2 or1 take of a very common  
weed called asmart1 a small handful1    
bruise it1 and add to it about a gill of
 water1 use it as a wash until the face 
gets well1 when the hair will grow out  
entirely white4   #cea4 ,,black ,,spots 
,to spot a white horse with black spots1
 take litharge #c oz41 quick lime #f    
oz41 beat fine and mix together2 put it 
into a pan and pour a sharp ley over it2
 then boil it and you will have a fat   
substance swim on top1 with which anoint
 the horse in such places as you design 
to have black1 and it will turn to the  
colour immediately4   #ceb4 ,,influenza 
,,or ,,horse-,,ail  ,the first symptom  
is debility4 ,the horse appears dumpish1
 refuses to eat1 mouth hot1 in six or   
twelve hours the appetite diminishes1   
legs and eyelids swell4 ,this disease   
may end in chronic cough1 a bad         
discharge from the nose1 and in         
inveterate cases in glanders4           
,treatment--,keep the horse on light    

food1 as mashes1 scalded shorts1 green  
grass1 c41 and if he is very plethoric1 
he should be half starved and bled from 
the mouth4 ,if the throat is sore1 rub  
it with warm vinegar and salt1 or       
blister2 walk him a little for exercise1
 administer the following3 oil of       
croton1 #e drops2 nitrate of potassa #d 
to #f drachms2 potassio-tartrate of     
antimony1 #a drachm2 spirit of nitric   
ether1 #d drachms to #a oz2 solution of 
acetate of ammonia #b to #d ozs42 and   
warm water sufficient to make a draught2
 and when the head is much affected1 add
 a drachm of camphor4 ,this draught may 
be administered once and sometimes twice
 a day1 the croton oil being omitted    
after the first dose2 after the first   
day1 #b drachms of powdered gentian may 
be added4   #cec4 ,,strangles ,,or      
,,horse ,,distemper  ,symptoms--,a      
discharge from the nostrils1 with a     
swelling under the throat1 a            
disinclination to eat4 ,thirst1 but     
after a gulp or two the horse ceases to 

drink4 ,in attempting to swallow1 a     
convulsive cough comes on2 mouth hot and
 tongue coated with a white fur4 ,the   
tumor under the jaw soon fills the whole
 space1 and is evidently one uniform    
body1 and may thus be distinguished from
 glanders or the enlarged glands of     
catarrh4  ,treatment--,blister over the 
tumor at once2 when the glands remain   
hard and do not suppurate1 it may lead  
to glanders1 in which case rub it with  
iodine ointment1 and give internally1   
hydriodate of potash in daily doses of  
#aj to #dj grains1 combined with gentian
 and ginger4 ,as soon as the swelling is
 fit1 lance it freely and apply a       
linseed poultice2 give bran mashes1     
fresh grass1 c4   #ced4 ,,staggers      
,symptoms--,giddiness1 he may fall down1
 or suddenly turn several times round   
first2 he may be quiet1 or struggle     
violently4  ,treatment--,if the horse be
 full and well fed1 take #c or #d quarts
 of blood at once2 cease using him for a
 time1 and give him an occasional physic

 ball or powdered aloes #f drachms and a
 little in honey4   #cee4 ,,green       
,,ointment  ,take of lard1 #f lbs41 put 
into a ten gallon kettle2 add #b gallons
 of water2 cut jimpson seeds and fill   
them in1 and cook from #d to #f hours   
slowly1 till all the water is gone2 then
 put into jars1 and add to each pound of
 ointment one ounce of turpentine4 ,good
 for galls1 cuts1 scratches1 c4   #cef4 
,,hoof ,,evil ,,or ,,thrush ,,grease    
,,heels  ,bleed and physic1 and poultice
 the feet with boiled turnips and some  
finely ground charcoal at night1 for two
 or three nights2 then wash the feet    
clean with castile soap and soft water1 
and apply the blue ointment every day2  
keep the horse on a floor and he will be
 well in #ab days4   #ceg4 ,,blue       
,,ointment  ,take the ointment of rosin1
 #d ozs2 finely ground verdigris1 #a_/b 
oz2 turpentine1 #b oz2 mutton tallow1 #b
 lbs2 oil of origanum1 #a_/b oz2        
tincture of iodine1 #a_/b oz4 ,mix all  
together4 ,this is one of the best      

medicines that can be made for          
scratches1 hoof-evil1 and cuts1 and is  
good to apply on fistula after the      
rowels have been taken out4 ,it is as   
good for human as horse flesh4   #ceh4  
,,hoof ,,bound ,,or ,,tender ,,feet     
,never have the feet spread at the      
heels1 nor rasped about the nail holes2 
use the liquid1 and apply it according  
to directions4 ,for hoof bound or tender
 feet1 apply it all around the top of   
the hoof down one inch every day4 ,first
 have a stiff shoe on the foot1 and     
cleanse the cut or cork4 ,never cut or  
burn for it4   #cei4 ,,hoof ,,liquid    
,take of linseed or neatsfoot oil1 #a_/b
 a pint2 turpentine1 #d oz2 oil of tar1 
#f oz2 origanum1 #c oz2 mix and shake   
well together4   #cfj4 ,,hoof ,,ail     
,apply blue vitriol1 and put on a tarred
 rag to keep out the dirt4   #cfa4      
,,big1 ,,or ,,milk ,,leg  ,apply the    
liquid blister every there hours until  
it blisters2 then in six hours grease   
with soft oil of any kind2 then in eight

 days wash the part clean1 and apply it 
again4 ,repeat it there or four times1  
then use the iodine ointment4 ,if this  
does not remove it all1 apply the       
ringbone and spavin medicine1 this will 
remove it all4   #cfb4 ,,iodine         
,,ointment  ,get #a oz4 of the grease   
iodine1 put in #a pint of alcohol2 let  
this stand in the sun two days1 and you 
have the tincture of iodine4 ,take #b   
oz4 of the tincture and #a_/b lb4 of    
lard2 mix well1 and you have the iodine 
ointment4   #cfc4 ,,sprain ,,in ,,the   
,,stifle  ,symptoms--,the horse holds up
 his foot1 moans when moved1 swells in  
the stifle4 ,this is what is called     
stifling2 there is no such thing as this
 joint getting out of place4            
,treatment--,bleed two gallons1 foment  
the stifle with hot water1 rub it dry1  
then bathe it well with the general     
liniment every morning and night1 give  
him mash1 and he will soon be well4     
,never allow any stifle-shoe or cord on 
the foot or leg4   #cfd4 ,,general      

,,liniment  ,take of turpentine1 #a_/b  
pint2 linseed oil1 #a_/b pint2          
aqua-ammonia1 #d oz42 tincture of       
iodine1 #a oz42 shake all well together4
 ,this is used for different things     
spoken of in the different receipts1    
sores or swellings1 sprains1 c4   #cfe4 
,,liquid ,,blister  ,take of alcohol1 #a
 pint2 turpentine1 #a_/b pint2          
aqua-ammonia1 #d oz42 oil of origanum1  
#a oz42 mix1 apply this as spoken of1   
every three hours until it blisters4    
#cff4 ,,to ,,cure ,,corns  ,take of the 
shoe1 cut out the corns1 and drop in a  
few drops of muriatic acid1 then make   
the shoes so they will not bear on the  
part affected4 ,apply the hoof liquid to
 the hoof to remove the fever4 ,this is 
a sure cure for corns in horses4   #cfg4
 ,,water ,,farcy1 ,,or ,,dropsy  ,this  
is a swelling along under the chest1 and
 forward to the breast2 bleed1 rowel in 
the breast and along the swelling1 six  
inches apart1 apply the general liniment
 to the swelling1 move the rowels every 

day1 let them stay in until the swelling
 goes down4 ,give soft food1 mashes1    
with the cleansing powder in them4      
#cfh4 ,,cleansing ,,powder  ,this is to 
be used when the blood is out of order4 
,it is good to restore lost appetite1   
good for yellow water1 whenever it is to
 be used it is spoken of in the         
receipts4 ,take of good ginger #a lb41  
powdered gentian #d oz41 crude antimony 
#a_/b oz41 mix well together4 ,give one 
large spoonful every day in wet food4   
,this is perfectly safe4   #cfi4 ,,poll 
,,evil  ,cure before it breaks1 run a   
rowel or seaton from the lower part of  
the top through the centre of the       
enlargement1 then make the following    
lotion4 ,take of sal-ammoniac #b oz41   
spirts of turpentine #a_/b a pint1      
linseed oil #d oz41 and spirits of tar  
#d oz41 shake well1 and apply it all    
over the swelling every other day4 ,let 
the seaton stay in until all the        
swelling is gone down1 move it every    
day1 and when all is gone throw it out4 

,bleed when you first open it1 and keep 
the part clean4   #cgj4 ,,glanders      
,bleed copiously1 put a rowel or seaton 
of polk root between the jaw and breast1
 put tar thoroughly up the nostrils     
twice a day4 ,this is the best remedy   
ever in use4   #cga4 ,,fresh ,,wounds   
,if there is an artery cut1 tie it if   
possible2 if not possible1 or if there  
is much bleeding without the separation 
of an artery1 apply the following wash3 
nitrate of silver #d grains1 soft water 
#a oz41 wet the wound with this1 then   
draw the edges together by stitches one 
inch apart1 then wash clean1 and if any 
swelling in twenty-four hours1 bleed and
 apply the blue ointment1 or any of the 
liniments spoken of1 ,keep the bowels   
open4   #cgb4 ,,the ,,liver  ,in disease
 of the liver or yellow water1 give the 
following ball every morning until it   
operates upon the bowels4 ,take of aloes
 #g drachms1 calomel #a drachm1 ginger  
#d drachms1 and molassas enough to make 
it into a ball1 wrap it in a paper and  

give it2 give scalded bran and oats1    
grass if it can be got2 when his bowels 
have moved1 stop the physic1 and give #a
 oz4 spirits of camphor in half a pint  
of water1 every morning1 for twelve     
days1 rowel in the breast1 and give a   
few doses of cleansing powder4 ,turn him
 out4   #cgc4 ,,balls ,,for ,,worms ,,in
 ,,horses  ,take of barbadose aloes #f  
drachms1 powdered ginger #a-a_/b oz41   
oil of wormwood #bj drops1 powdered     
natron #b drachms1 and molassas to form 
a ball4   #cgd4 ,,balls ,,for ,,hide    
,,bound  ,take of barbadose aloes #a    
oz41 castile soap #i drachms1 and ginger
 #f drachms4 ,make into a ball4   #cge4 
,,healing ,,ointment  ,take of lard #e  
parts1 rosin #a part1 melt them         
together2 when they begin to get cool   
add two parts of calamine powder1       
stirring well till cool4 ,if the wound  
is unhealthy add a little turpentine4   
#cgf4 ,,galls ,,on ,,horses  ,bathe the 
parts affected with spirits saturated   
with alum4   #cgg4 ,,grubs ,,in ,,horses

  ,take of red precipitate a            
teaspoonful1 form into a ball1 repeat if
 necessary in #cj minutes4   #cgh4      
,,stiff ,,shoulders ,,or ,,sweeney      
,rowel from the top of the shoulder     
blade down as far as there is no        
pealing4 ,first cut through the skin1   
and then two thin fibres or strippings1 
use the blunt needle1 move it back and  
forwards five or six inches1 draw in a  
tape or seaton1 and the next morning wet
 it with tincture of cantharides1 do    
this every other day1 move them every   
day1 wash the part clean1 let the tape  
stay in until the matter changes to     
blood1 this is for both diseases4 ,let  
him run out if possible4 ,he will be    
well in six or eight weeks4 ,if for     
sweeney you may work him all the time4  
#cgi4 ,,sick ,,stomach ,,in ,,horses    
,bleed half a gallon1 then if he will   
eat a mash give him one1 give no hay1   
then give him #a_/b oz4 of rhubarb every
 night until it moves his bowels1 then  
take of gentian root #d oz41 fenu-greek 

#b oz41 nitre #a_/b oz41 mix and give a 
large spoonful every day4 ,do not give  
him too much to eat when his appetite   
returns4   #chj4 ,,lung ,,fever  ,bleed 
four gallons from the neck vein1 and    
take #a oz4 of aquanite1 add to it half 
a gallon of cold water1 drench him with 
a gill of it every three hours1 drench  
him over the lungs1 then give him water 
to drink that hay has been boiled in1   
and to each gallon of it add #a oz4 of  
gum-arabic1 and #a_/b oz4 of spirits of 
nitre2 give this every four hours2      
foment and rub the legs with alcohol and
 camphor1 until they get warm2 do not   
move the horse4 ,keep him in open stall 
if hot weather4   #cha4 ,,eye ,,wash    
,,for ,,horses  ,take of sugar of lead1 
#b drachms2 white vitriol1 #a drachm2   
and soft water1 #a quart2 mix and       
dissolve2 wash the eyes out well every  
morning1 having first washed then well  
with cold water1 continue this for three
 or four weeks2 and then1 if the eyes   
are not much better1 bleed and give a   

mild physic4 ,the horse should be kept  
on low diet1 and not over heated or     
worked too hard4 ,scalded shorts or oats
 are good4   #chb4 ,,mange ,,and        
,,surfeit  ,bleed and physic1 then take 
sulphur1 #a_/b lb42 and lard1 #b lbs42  
mix well2 grease the part affected every
 three or four days2 stand the horse in 
the sun until it dries in2 give him a   
few doses of the cleansing powder4      
#chc4 ,,contraction ,,of ,,the ,,neck   
,if it is taken in the first stages1    
bleed from the neck #b galls42 then     
ferment or bathe the part well with hot 
water2 rub it dry1 and apply the general
 lineament every day1 two or three      
times2 this will cure if it is of long  
standing4 ,then blister all along the   
part affected with the liquid blister4  
,do this every three weeks until he is  
well1 and rub with the white ointment4  
,do not work the horse till well4       
#chd4 ,,white ,,ointment  ,for          
rheumatism1 sprains1 burns1 swelling1   
bruises1 or any inflammation on man or  

beast1 chapped hands or lips1 black     
eyes1 or any kind of bruises4 ,take of  
fresh butter #b lbs42 tincture of       
iodine1 #a_/b oz42 oil of origanum1 #b  
ozs42 mix well for fifteen minutes1 and 
it is fit for use2 apply it every night2
 rub it in well with your hand4   #che4 
,,old ,,horses ,,young  ,drops to make  
old horses as lively as young4 ,take the
 tincture of assafoetida1 #a oz42       
tincture of cantharides1 #a oz42        
antimony1 #b oz42 fenugreek1 #a oz42 and
 fourth proof brandy1 #a_/b gal42 mix   
all and let stand ten or twelve days2   
then give ten drops in a pail1 or one   
gallon1 of water4   #chf4 ,,rheumatic   
,,lineament  ,take of alcohol1 #a_/b    
pint2 oil of origanum1 #a_/b oz42       
cayenne pepper1 #a_/b oz42 gum myrrh1   
#a_/b oz42 and lobelia1 #a teaspoonful2 
mix and let stand one day2 then bathe   
the part affected4   #chg4 ,,to ,,kill  
,,lice ,,on ,,cattle  ,take of          
buttermilk1 #a quart2 salt1 #a_/c pint2 
mix and dissolve2 pour this along the   

back1 letting it run down each side2 if 
this should ever fail use the water in  
which potatoes have been boiled1 in the 
same way1 it will be effectual4   #chh4 
,,horses ,,from ,,fire  ,the difficulty 
of getting horses from burning stables  
is well known4 ,the remedy is to        
blindfold them perfectly1 and by gentle 
usage1 they may be easily led out4 ,if  
you like you may also throw the harness 
upon them4   #chi4 ,,snow ,,balls  ,to  
prevent snow balls on horses' feet clean
 their hoofs well1 and rub with soft    
soap before going out in the snow4      
#cij4 ,,rot ,,in ,,sheep  ,to prevent   
and cure this keep them from exposure in
 bad weather1 and above all from wet    
pasture2 pair their hoofs into the      
quick1 and put them to stand            
occasionally in quick lime for a few    
hours4 ,this cauterizes the disease and 
generally affects a cure4 ,to destroy   
the flukes and worms1 give the          
following3 take of common salt #h oz41  
spirits of turpentine #b oz42 put in a  

quart bottle and add water till filled2 
give one teaspoonful morning and night  
for eight days4   #cia4 ,,distemper ,,in
 ,,hogs  ,to cure this take equal parts 
of sulphur and copperas2 pulverise them 
well together1 and give one teaspoonful 
every three days in the slop4   #cib4   
,,cure ,,for ,,swelled ,,cattle  ,if the
 beast affected is full grown1          
administer one ,english pint of train   
oil1 and smaller doses in proportion to 
the age4 ,the cure is certain4 ,the     
above medicines from receipt ,no4 #cca  
are for horses1 cattle1 c4   #cic4 ,a   
,,turkish ,,preparation ,,for ,,ladies  
,take of best white wine vinegar #a     
quart2 of best brazil wood #a_/b lb4    
,infuse together for four days2 then    
boil for half an hour1 strain through a 
linen cloth1 and place the liquid again 
over the fire4 ,having dissolved #a_/d  
lb4 of alum in a pint of white wine     
vinegar1 mix both liquids together and  
stir them well4 ,take the scum that     
arises on the surface1 gradually dry and

 powder it1 and it is ready for use4    
#cid4 ,,mince ,,pie  ,this is the manner
 in which mince pie was prepared for the
 ,prince of ,wales in ,new ,york4 ,the  
articles of three following receipts    
were also prepared for him in that city2
 take of moist sugar #a lb41 currants #a
 lb41 suet well mashed #a lb41 apples   
cut very fine #a lb41 best raisins1     
stoned and cut very small #a_/d lb41 the
 juice of five ,seville oranges1 the    
juice of two lemons1 the rind of one    
mashed fine1 a glass of brandy1 and mace
 and nutmeg to suit your taste4 ,put all
 together in a pan and tie up closely4  
#cie4 ,,honey ,,cake  ,take of loaf     
sugar #a_/b lb41 honey #c_/d lb41 of    
orange peel cut very fine #a_/b oz41 of 
cinnamon #a_/b oz41 ginger #a_/b oz41   
one quarter of a citron1 four eggs well 
beaten1 and a pound of sifted flour4    
,first melt the honey and sugar         
together1 then mix all4 ,make into any  
shape you please4   #cif4 ,,soda        
,,biscuits  ,take of butter #b oz41     

sugar #d oz41 cream tartar #a_/d oz41   
two eggs2 one teaspoonful of soda1 and a
 half pint of sweet milk4 ,stir quite   
still1 c4   #cig4 ,,beef ,,steak  ,put  
two large onions1 peeled and sliced1    
into a stew-pan1 put in a little water1 
cover closely1 set on a slow fire until 
the water is all gone1 then add #a_/b a 
pint of good broth1 and boil till the   
onions are tender1 now strain off the   
broth1 chop the onions fine1 and season 
to your taste with mushroom catsup1 salt
 and pepper1 let it boil for five       
minutes1 with the onion in it1 then pour
 it into the dish1 and lay a broiled    
steak over it4 ,good beef gravy is far  
superior to broth4 ,in broiling your    
steak use a strong fire4   #cih4        
,,wedding ,,cake  ,take of flour1       
#ahlbs42 fine sugar1 #aj lbs42 butter1  
#i lbs42 #aa nutmegs2 #ah eggs2 milk1 #e
 quarts2 yeast1 #a quart2 fruit1 #aj    
lbs42 mace1 #a oz42 wine #a quart2 and  
brandy1 #a pint4 ,roll the butter and   
sugar together1 then mix all the rest   

with them1 putting the fruit in last1   
just before it is put in the oven4      
#cii4 ,,domestic ,,yeast  ,take of good 
flour1 #a lb42 brown sugar1 #a_/d lb42  
water1 #b galls42 and a little salt4    
,boil all together for one hour4 ,when  
milk warm1 bottle and cork it tightly4  
,it will be fit for use in #bd hours4   
,one pint of this is sufficient for #ah 
lbs4 of bread4   #djj4 ,,to ,,produce   
,,mushrooms  ,if the water wherein      
mushrooms have been steeped be poured   
upon an old bed1 or if the broken parts 
of mushrooms be strewed thereon1 there  
will speedily arise great numbers4      
#dja4 ,,how ,,to ,,make ,,cider ,,into  
,,wine  ,take of good cider1 #be galls42
 brandy1 #a;gall42 crude tartar1 #a lb42
 of the wine you wish to resemble1 #e   
galls42 of milk to settle it1 #a pint4  
,mix all together1 and let it stand for 
#bd hours1 and then draw off1 being     
careful not to draw any of the sediment4
   #djb4 ,,substitute ,,for ,,cream     
,take two or there whole eggs1 beat them

 well up in a basin2 then pour boiling  
hot tea over them2 pour it gradually to 
prevent curdling4 ,it is difficult from 
the taste to distinguish it from rich   
cream4   #djc4 ,,to ,,preserve ,,fresh  
,,meats  ,meat may be kept for several  
days in the height of summer sweet and  
good by lightly covering it with bran1  
and hanging it in some high1 or windy   
room1 or in a passage where there is a  
current of air4   #djd4 ,,grafting ,,wax
  ,take of tallow one part1 beeswax two 
parts1 and resin four parts2 melt them  
together and dip strips of rags in the  
mixture while hot1 and use them for     
grafting4   #dje4 ,,for ,,the ,,teeth   
,cuvileer's grand preparation for       
beautifying the teeth4 ,take of chloride
 of lime one part1 prepared chalk #ae   
parts1 pulverised peruvian bark #a_/b a 
part and a little otto of roses2 mix all
 well together and it is ready for use4 
#djf4 ,,to ,,make ,,hair ,,curl  ,take  
of common soap #b lbs41 spirits of wine 
#c pints1 and potash #c oz42 cut the    

soap small and melt all together1       
stirring it with a clean piece of wood2 
then add a quarter of an ounce each of  
essence of amber1 vanilla and nevoli1 to
 render the fluid agreeable4 ,never use 
curling irons1 for they destroy the     
hair1 rendering it crisp and harsh4 ,the
 above may be depended on as being      
genuine and harmless4   #djg4 ,,to      
,,preserve ,,pork  ,take #a lb4 of black
 pepper and grind it fine for one barrel
 of pork1 and sprinkle on each layer    
until is quite brown1 then put on the   
salt4 ,it helps to preserve the meat and
 adds greatly to the smell and flavour  
of it4   #djh4 ,,to ,,restore ,,tainted 
,,pork  ,in warm weather the brine on   
pork frequently becomes sour1 and the   
pork tainted2 pour off the brine1 boil  
it1 skim it well1 then pour it back     
again upon the meat boiling hot4 ,this  
will restore it even where it was much  
injured4   #dji4 ,,fire-,,proof ,,cement
  ,fire and water proof cement for roofs
 of houses4 ,slack stone lime with      

boiling water in a covered barrel2 when 
slacked pass six quarts through a fine  
sieve2 to this add one quart of rock    
salt1 and a gallon of water1 boil the   
mixture and skim it clean2 to every #e  
gallons of this add #a lb4 of alum1 and 
#a_/b lb4 copperas1 and add by degrees1 
potash #c_/d lb41 and fine sand or wood 
ashes sifted #d quarts2 colour to suit  
your taste and apply4 ,it will be as    
durable as stone4   #daj4 ,,bug ,,poison
  ,take of spirits of wine #a_/b pint1  
turpentine #a_/b pint1 crude            
sal-ammoniac #a oz2 mix all together and
 let it saturate for seven days1 and it 
is ready for use4   #daa4 ,,disinfecting
 ,,agent  ,take of green vitriol #c     
lbs41 hot water one pailful2 dissolve   
the vitriol in the water2 place this    
wherever there is any offensive odours1 
as that of a corpse1 cesspool1 privies1 
c41 and in a short time all smell will  
be removed4 ,try it4   #dab4 ,,booth    
,,patent  ,booth's patent grease for    
railway axles1 waggons1 machinery1 c4   

,take of water #a gallon1 clean tallow  
#c lbs42 palm oil #f lbs41 and common   
soda #a_/b lbs42 or tallow #h lbs41 and 
palm oil #aj lbs4 ,the mixture is to be 
heated to about #baj degrees1 and well  
stirred till it cools down to about #gj 
degrees1 when it is ready for use4      
#dac4 ,,gum-,,arabic ,,starch  ,take #b 
oz4 of white gum-arabic powdered finely2
 put it into a pitcher and pour on it a 
pint of boiling water2 then cover it and
 let stand all night2 in the morning    
pour it carefully from the dregs into a 
clean bottle2 cork and keep it for use4 
,a tablespoonful of this gum water      
stirred into a pint of starch that has  
been made in the usual manner will give 
to launs either black1 white1 or        
printed1 the appearance of new1 to which
 nothing else can restore them after    
washing4 ,it is a good article for      
collars and shirt bosoms2 also1 when    
much diluted1 for thin white muslin and 
bobbinet4   #dad4 ,,roman ,,or ,,mastic 
,,cement  ,take of pulverised sand stone

 sifted fine1 #bj lbs41 litharge #b     
lbs41 mix both well with linseed oil to 
the consistency of paste2 brush both    
broken parts over2 press them snugly    
together1 and let them dry1 this forms  
an excellent cement4   #dae4 ,,portable 
,,balls  ,for taking stains out of      
cloths1 c4--,dry fullers' earth so as to
 crumble it into powder1 and moisten it 
well with lemon juice2 add a quantity of
 pure pulverised pearl-ash1 and work the
 whole up into a thick paste with a     
little water2 roll it into small balls2 
let them completely dry in the sun1 and 
they will be fit for use4 ,the manner of
 using them is to moisten1 with water1  
the spots on the cloth1 rubbing the ball
 over1 and leaving it to dry in the sun4
 ,on washing the spots in the water they
 will immediately disappear4   #daf4    
,,cloth1 ,,rain ,,proof1 c4  ,to render 
cloth wind and rain proof4 ,boil        
together #b lbs4 of turpentine1 #a lb4  
of litharge in powder1 and #b or #c     
pints of linseed oil4 ,the article is   

then to be brushed over with this       
varnish1 and dried in the sun4   #dag4  
,,choice ,,cement  ,a choice cement for 
china1 crockery1 and glass4 ,take of    
white glue #a_/b lb41 dry white lead    
#a_/b lb41 alcohol #a_/d pint1 and rain 
water #a quart2 put the glue1 alcohol1  
and water into a tin pan together2 let  
stand until the glue is soft2 then set  
the pan into a kettle of hot water1     
occasionally stirring it until the glue 
is about dissolved2 then add the lead1  
being previously powdered1 and stir     
until it is about dissolved4 ,bottle    
while warm1 and it is ready for use4 ,if
 cold when about to be used1 set the    
bottle in warm water until soft2 then   
apply while soft to both edges1 set     
together and let then dry4   #dah4      
,,mahogany ,,stain  ,take of chip       
logwood #a lb41 sal-soda two pence      
worth1 water #a gallon1 boil all        
together1 apply it while hot1 to every  
kind of white wood1 using a brush or    
sponge1 and it will produce a most      

beautiful mahogany colour4   #dai4      
,,mahogany ,,colour  ,method of         
darkening every sort of wood4 ,take soap
 suds1 wash your wood with it2 every    
coat you put on will make it a shade    
darker4   #dbj4 ,,satin ,,wood ,,stain  
,take of water #a quart1 fustic #b oz41 
and the size of a small nut of alum2    
boil all together1 apply it while hot1  
and it will produce a most beautiful    
yellow4 ,when the article to which this 
has been applied has got perfectly dry1 
rub it over with lime water1 and it will
 make a beautiful red4   #dba4 ,,red    
,,stain  ,take of water #a quart1 brazil
 dust #b oz41 and the size of a nut of  
alum2 boil together1 apply while hot and
 the stain is red2 when dry1 wash it    
over with lime water1 and it will be a  
beautiful purple4   #dbb4 ,,brown       
,,stain  ,take of water #a quart1       
logwood #b oz41 and one penny worth of  
soft soap1 7such as is kept in bladders1
 by druggists71 boil them together1     
apply while hot1 and it will be brown2  

let it dry1 and apply lime water1 and   
you will have a beautiful black4   #dbc4
 ,,scarlet ,,stain  ,take a solution of 
aqua-fortis in water1 apply it to the   
black1 and it will produce a beautiful  
scarlet4   #dbd4 ,,brush ,,varnish      
,take of spirits of wine #a pint1 gum   
benzion half a pound2 dissolve the gum  
in the spirits4 ,it may be laid on with 
a camel hair brush1 or a small piece of 
wool rolled in old cotton4   #dbe4 ,,to 
,,bore ,,glass  ,fill a vial with       
turpentine spirits1 dissolve in it as   
much camphor as it will take1 insert    
then into this liquid the point of a    
common diamond pointed drill1 and with  
it you can bore glass as fast as you    
please4   #dbf4 ,,german ,,silver  ,take
 of nickle #be parts1 zinc #be parts1   
copper #ej parts1 melt all together1 and
 you have good german silver4   #dbg4   
,,brass  ,brass is made by melting      
together a little less than two parts of
 copper1 and one part of zinc4   #dbh4  
,,chemical ,,soap  ,this is for washing 

cloths with one-half the labour of that 
with common bar soap4 ,take #af lbs4    
,english bar white soap1 #c-a_/b lbs4   
sal-soda1 #a lb4 pulverized rosin1 #h   
oz4 salt2 put these into #e gallons soft
 water over a fire until dissolved2 then
 put the same into a barrel1 and fill it
 with cold water1 after which add #b oz4
 spirits of turpentine1 and stir while  
cooling4   #dbi4 ,,english ,,bar ,,soap 
,take of water #f gallons1 good stone   
lime #c lbs41 sal-soda #bj lbs41 borax  
#d oz41 fat #ae lbs41 7tallow is best17 
pulverized rosin #aj lbs41 and #d oz4 of
 beeswax2 put the water in a kettle on  
the fire1 and when nearly boiling1 add  
the lime and sal-soda2 when these are   
dissolved1 add the borax1 boil gently   
and stir until this is also dissolved1  
then add the fat1 rosin and beeswax1 and
 boil all very gently until it shows    
flaky on the stick1 then pour into      
moulds4   #dcj4 ,,brown ,,windsor ,,soap
  ,this is made by colouring the        
,english bar soap with the precipitate  

of iron1 ,venetian red1 or vandyke      
brown1 and scenting while not too hot   
with any of the essential oils1 or a    
mixture of them according to fancy4     
#dca4 ,,yellow ,,soap  ,this is made in 
the same way as the ,english bar soap1  
except that you add three percent of    
palm oil1 deducting the same amount of  
fat4   #dcb4 ,,solid ,,lard ,,candles   
,dissolve #a_/d lb4 of alum1 and #a_/d  
lb4 of saltpetre in #a_/b a pint of     
water on a slow fire2 then take #c lbs4 
of lard cut into small pieces1 and put  
into the pot with this solution1        
stirring it constantly over a very      
moderate fire until the lard is all     
dissolved2 then let it simmer until all 
steam ceases to rise1 and then at once  
remove it from the fire4 ,if you leave  
it too long it will become discoloured4 
,these candles are harder and better    
than tallow4   #dcc4 ,,medicines  ,the  
following medicines are for man1 while  
those commencing at receipt ,no4 #cca1  
and ending at ,no4 #cib are for horses1 

cattle1 c41 unless when stated to the   
contrary4   #dcd4 ,,for ,,dropsy  ,take 
of powdered jalap #e gr41 powdered      
rhubarb #e gr41 powdered scammony #e    
gr41 powdered elaterium #a_/b gr41      
bitartrate of potash #a_/b drm41        
sulphate of potash #a_/b drm41 and syrup
 of ginger sufficient to make into      
pills2 mix and divide into five pills4  
,these five pills given at once form an 
excellent hydragogue cathartic to clear 
the chest1 relieve breathing and        
diminish the dropsical effusion4   #dce4
 ,,antibilious ,,pills  ,take of camomel
 #bj grs41 jalap powder #bj grs41       
tartar-emetic #b grs41 and syrup        
sufficient to form into pills2 divide   
into eight pills4 ,the dose is tow at   
bed time2 repeated in the morning if    
necessary4 ,this forms an excellent     
antibilious pill4   #dcf4 ,,jaundice    
,take of rhubarb powder #a scruple1     
castile soap half a drachm1 calomel #ab 
grs41 mix and divide into pills2 two or 
three to be taken at bed time2 emetrics1

 purges1 fomentations about the stomach 
and liver1 and exercise will seldom fail
 to cure jaundice when it is a simple   
disease2 and when complicated with      
dropsy1 a scirrous liver1 or other      
chronic complaints1 it is hardly to be  
cured by any means4 ,castile soap has   
been looked upon as a kind of specific4 
#dcg4 ,,asthma  ,take of powdered       
squills #b drms41 powdered assafoetida  
#a drachm1 mix and divide into #cj      
pills1 two to be taken twice or thrice a
 day4 ,useful in chronic asthma4   #dch4
 ,,dr4 ,,dewees' ,,anti-,,colic         
,,mixture  ,take of carbonate of        
magnesia #a_/b drm41 tincture of        
assafoetida #fj drops1 tincture of opium
 #bj drops1 white sugar #a drm41 and    
distilled water #a oz42 mix and shake2  
twenty-five drops to be given to an     
infant of two to four weeks old1 in     
flatulent colic1 diarrhoea1 c4   #dci4  
,,dr4 ,,hun',s ,,anti-,,diarrhoeal      
,,mixture  ,take of oil of cajeput #a   
oz41 oil of cloves #a oz41 oil of       

peppermint #a oz41 oil of anise #a oz41 
alcohol #d oz42 mix and shake2 dose1    
from one to two drachms in hot brandy   
and water or syrup4 ,this will afford   
the most speedy relief in diarrhoea     
accompanied with pain4   #ddj4 ,,hope',s
 ,,mixture  ,take of camphor water #d   
oz41 nitric acid #d drops1 tincture of  
opium #dj to #fj drops2 mix cork1 and   
shake2 dose1 a tablespoonful every two  
hours in diarrhoea and dysentery4       
#dda4 ,,anti-,,cholera ,,mixture  ,take 
of tincture of opium #a drm41 liquor    
ammonia #a_/b drm41 tincture of the oil 
of peppermint #a_/b drm41 ether #be     
drops1 tincture of camphor #a drm41     
tincture of capsicum1 #a drachm2 mix1   
cork and shake4 ,in real cholera give   
this all immediately2 if the patient    
throws it up1 repeat at once4 ,this is  
an excellent prescription in extreme    
cases when the patient is cramped4      
#ddb4 ,,for ,,hysteric ,,fits  ,take of 
tincture assafoetida #b drms41 aromatic 
spirits of ammonia #b drms41 camphor    

water #g ozs41 mix and cork2 give two   
tablespoonsful every three or four      
hours4   #ddc4 ,,anti-,,asthmatic       
,,mixture  ,take of mixture of          
ammoniacum #d oz41 syrup of squill #c   
drms41 antimonial wine #fj drops1 wine  
#a_/b oz41 mix and cork4 ,give two      
tablespoonsful often1 or when either the
 cough or shortness of breath is        
troublesome4   #ddd4 ,,anti-,,rheumatic 
,,mixture  ,take of ammoniated tinc4 of 
quack #a_/b oz41 honey #a_/b oz41       
camphor water #f oz41 mix and cork4     
,take two tablespoonsful three or four  
times a day in chronic rheumatism2 rub  
well the affected part with             
anti-rheumatic liniment4   #dde4        
,,anti-,,rheumatic ,,liniment  ,take of 
tinc4 of opium #b oz41 tinc4 of         
belladonna #b oz41 powdered camphor #b  
oz41 oil of turpentine #b oz41 oil of   
sassafras #b oz41 oil of origanum #b    
oz41 and tinc4 of capsicum #a pint2 mix 
all together4   #ddf4 ,,diuretic        
,,mixture  ,take of peppermint water #e 

oz41 wine #f drachms1 sweet spirits of  
nitre #a_/b oz42 mix4 ,two              
tablespoonsful to be taken three times  
a-day in obstruction of urinary         
passages4   #ddg4 ,,sweating ,,mixture  
,take of acetated liquor of ammonia #c  
oz41 ipecacuanha #aj gr41 tincture of   
oil of peppermint #ae drops1 distilled  
water #e oz42 mix4 ,three tablespoonsful
 to be taken every two hours1 until it  
produces the desired effects4   #ddh4   
,,for ,,cramp ,,in ,,the ,,stomach      
,take of ether #b drms1 white sugar     
#a-a_/b drms41 tinc4 of opium #fj drops1
 cinnamon water #b oz42 mix4 ,give a    
teaspoonful every hour in cramp of the  
stomach4   #ddi4 ,,for ,,hooping ,,cough
  ,take of tinc4 of assafoetida #a drm1 
ipecacuanha #aj gr41 tinc4 of opium #aj 
drops1 distilled water #b ozs42 mix4    
,give to a child two years old a        
teaspoonful every four hours1 increasing
 ten drops for every additional year4   
#dej4 ,,for ,,winter ,,cough1 c4  ,take 
of powered extract of liquorice #b drms1

 gum acacia #b drms1 hot water #d oz42  
mix4 ,let all dissolve1 and add tinc4 of
 opium #dj drops1 spirits of nitric     
ether #a drm41 wine of antimony #b drms4
 ,dose1 one tablespoonful in catarrh and
 common winter cough4   #dea4 ,,tonic   
,,mixture  ,take of calomba #b ozs41    
tinc4 of muriate of iron #a-a_/b oz41   
sulphate of quinine #bj grs41 brandy #f 
ozs41 water #a-a_/b pint1 bruise the    
calumba and pour the water on it boiling
 hot1 cover tightly for two hours1 then 
strain1 bottle1 and add all the other   
ingredients1 when the quinine is        
dissolved it is ready for use4 ,this    
forms an excellent tonic in cases of    
debility4 ,dose1 one tablespoonful three
 times a-day half an hour before meals4 
#deb4 ,,anti-,,periodic ,,mixture  ,take
 of sulphate of quinine #bj grs41       
sulphuric acid #a drop1 white sugar #a  
drm41 cinnamon water #b-a_/b oz42 put   
the quinine1 acid and water into a vial 
together1 when dissolved add the sugar4 
,dose1 a teaspoonful every hour1 between

 the paroxysms of intermittent fevers1  
fever and ague1 c4   #dec4 ,,emmenagogue
 ,,mixture  ,take of tinc4 of aloes     
#a_/b oz41 tinc4 of chloride of iron    
#a_/b drm41 tinc4 of valerian #a_/b oz42
 mix4 ,take a teaspoonful in chamomile  
tea two or three times a-day in cases of
 amenorrhoea4   #ded4 ,,anti-,,gout     
,,mixture  ,take of ammoniated tinc4 of 
guaiac #f drms41 camphor water #f ozs41 
tinc4 of rhubarb #a_/b oz41 and honey   
#a_/b oz42 mix1 by rubbing the honey and
 the guaiac up in a glass mortar1 and   
then add the other articles by degrees4 
,give two tablespoonsful every four or  
six hours1 and rub with the             
anti-rheumatic liniment4   #dee4        
,,anti-,,gonorrhoeal ,,mixture  ,take of
 copaibe #a_/b oz41 spirts of nitric    
ether #a_/b oz41 powdered acacia #a     
drm41 powered white sugar #a drm41      
compound spts4 of lavender #b drms41    
tinc4 of opium #a drm41 distilled water 
#d oz42 mix4 ,dose1 a tablespoonful     
three times a-day4 ,shake before using4 

#def4 ,,another  ,take of copaibe #a    
oz41 sweet spirits of nitre #a oz41 gum 
acacia powdered white sugar #a drm41    
peppermint water #d oz42 mix1 and let   
all dissolve4 ,dose1 a tablespoonful    
three times a-day4 ,shake before using4 
#deg4 ,,astringent ,,eye-,,water  ,take 
of solution of acetate of lead #ab      
drops1 wine of opium #aa drops1 rose    
water #d ozs42 mix1 and let dissolve4   
,this should be applied with a linen rag
 four or five times a-day4   #deh4      
,,eye-,,water  ,take of distilled       
vinegar #a oz41 diluted spirits of wine 
#a_/b oz41 rose water #h ozs41 mix4 ,an 
excellent application to weak eyes after
 depletion4   #dei4 ,,alum ,,eye-,,water
  ,take of rose water #b ozs41 distilled
 water #b oz41 and alum #a scruple2 mix 
and let dissolve4 ,excellent in chronic 
inflamations4   #dfj4 ,,gargle ,,of     
,,borax  ,take of borax #a drm41 tinc4  
of myrrh #a_/b oz41 clarified honey #a  
oz41 rose or distilled water1 #d oz42   
mix4 ,to be used as a gargle or mouth   

wash in sore mouth or affection of the  
gums4 ,omit the myrrh and water1 and    
there is nothing better for the thrush  
in children2 clean rain water answers   
about the same purpose1 in all cases1 as
 distilled water4   #dfa4 ,,gargle ,,for
 ,,sore ,,throat  ,take of sulphate of  
quinine #ae grains1 sulphate of copper  
#af grains1 aramotic sulphuric acid #a  
drm41 water #h ozs42 mix and dissolve4  
,to be used frequently in chronic and   
obstinate sore throats4   #dfb4         
,,ointment ,,for ,,piles  ,take of lard 
#a oz41 solution of subacetate of lead  
#be drops1 tinc4 of opium #a drm42 mix  
well4 ,anoint the parts twice a day4    
#dfc4 ,,ointment ,,for ,,itch  ,take of 
sublimed sulphur #b ozs41 lard #d ozs41 
oil of lavender #a drm4 ,make into an   
ointment4 ,to be rubbed on the parts    
affected every night1 till the eruption 
disappears4 ,the internal use of sulphur
 will1 in all cases1 assist its external
 application4   #dfd4 ,,blistering      
,,ointment  ,take of lard #cb parts1 oil

 of almonds #b parts1 strong liquor of  
ammonia #ag parts2 melt the lard1 add   
the oil1 then the ammonia1 must be      
strong1 and keep the contents of the    
bottle well mixed by shaking them until 
cold4 ,this will blister in half an     
hour4   #dfe4 ,,iodine ,,ointment  ,take
 of iodine #c grs41 lard #b drms42 make 
into an ointment2 applied to scrofulous 
swellings when the skin is unbroken4 ,it
 is the only cure for what is popularly 
termed thick neck4   #dff4 ,,ointment   
,,of ,,iodine ,,of ,,zinc  ,take of     
iodide of zinc #a drm41 lard #a oz42    
make onto an ointment4 ,a drm4 to be    
rubbed on twice a day in tumors4   #dfg4
 ,,ointment ,,for ,,chilblains  ,take of
 lard #g-a_/b drms41 creosote #aj drops1
 solution of subacetate of lead #aj     
drops1 watery extract of opium #a grain2
 mix4 ,apply to the affected parts4     
#dfh4 ,,ointment ,,for ,,diseases ,,of  
,,the ,,skin  ,take of citrine ointment 
#a-a_/b drm41 sublimed sulphur #a drm41 
lard #c ozs42 make an ointment4 ,this is

 a good application for almost all      
affections of the skin4   #dfi4         
,,emollient ,,ointment  ,take of palm   
oil #b lbs41 olive oil #a pint1         
turpentine #d oz41 red beeswax #f ozs42 
melt the wax in the oils1 and then add  
the turpentine and strain the ointment4 
,this is a most excellent application   
for inflamed parts1 c4   #dgj4 ,,poke   
,,root ,,ointment  ,take of poke root #c
 ozs41 lard #a lb41 boil for a quarter  
of an hour and strain4 ,this ointment   
has quite a reputation in ,virginia1    
with the old ladies1 for all kinds of   
old sores and ulcers1 and it is an      
excellent application to indolent and   
purulent ulcers and sores4   #dga4      
,,ointment ,,for ,,hydrocephalus  ,take 
of iodide of mercury #b parts1 iodide of
 potassium #c parts1 camphor #b parts1  
lard #cb parts2 mix and keep well       
corked4 ,to be rubbed on the head in    
hydrocephalus or water on the brain in  
doses of half a drachm to a drachm4     
#dgb4 ,,linament ,,for ,,burns  ,take of

 olive oil #a oz41 linseed oil #a oz41  
lime water #a oz42 mix well4 ,this forms
 an excellent application for recent    
scalds and burns4   #dgc4 ,,volatile    
,,linament  ,take of olive oil #a oz41  
aqua ammonia #a oz42 mix4 ,to be applied
 to bruises1 rheumatic parts1 c41 and to
 the neck in inflammation of the throat4
   #dgd4 ,,alkaline ,,cataplasm  ,take  
of lye1 rather weak1 warm it and stir in
 of slippery elm bark or flaxseed1 or   
meal sufficient to form a poultice4     
,this is a most excellent poultice1 and 
should be used more than it is4 ,it is  
useful in inflammation of the breast and
 other parts1 felons1 wounds1 fistula1  
c4   #dge4 ,,anodyne ,,fomentation      
,take of laudanum #d ozs41 water #a     
pint2 mix4 ,for painful affections of   
the joints1 as chronic rheumatism1 c41  
hops dipped in hot vinegar will answer  
as well4   #dgf4 ,,common ,,clyster     
,take of flaxseed tea or cornmeal gruel1
 from one to two pints1 sweet oil #b or 
#c ounces1 common salt one teaspoonful1 

brown sugar two tablespoonsful2 mix4    
#dgg4 ,,anodyne ,,clyster  ,take of a   
solution of starch in water1 of jelly1  
or water half a pint1 laudanum forty    
drops2 mix4 ,the whole to be injected in
 cases of dysentery1 violent purging and
 pain in the bowels4   #dgh4 ,,injection
 ,,for ,,leucorrhoea  ,take of sulphate 
of zinc #aj grs41 tinc4 of opium #a_/b  
drm41 rose water #d oz42 mix and        
dissolve4 ,to be injected several times 
a day4   #dgi4 ,,another  ,take of alum 
#aj grs41 rose water #d oz42 mix and    
dissolve4 ,to be used frequently4       
#dhj4 ,,essence ,,of ,,beef  ,take of   
lean beef sliced #a lb41 put it into a  
bottle or jar closely corked2 place this
 in a vessel of cold water and boil for 
an hour or more2 then decant and skim   
the liquid4 ,chicken tea may be made in 
the same way4 ,for more nourishing and  
palatable than beef tea1 season it to   
suit the taste4   #dha4 ,,imperial      
,,drink  ,take of cream of tartar one   
drm41 the outer rind of fresh lemon or  

orange peel half a drm41 loaf sugar one 
ounce1 boiling water two pints4 ,when   
they have stood in a pitcher about ten  
minutes1 strain off the liquor4 ,this   
makes a beautiful cooling drink1 and is 
an excellent article in fevers4   #dhb4 
,,ringworm ,,lotion  ,take of sublimate 
of mercury1 #e grains2 spirits of wine1 
#b oz42 tinc4 of musk1 #a drachm2 rose  
water1 #f oz42 mix well1 and rub well   
in4   #dhc4 ,,whiskers ,,and            
,,moustaches  ,the best method of       
promoting the growth of whiskers and    
moustaches1 is to shave the parts       
frequently1 and use as a stimulant the  
ashes of burned tobacco macerated in bay
 water4   #dhd4 ,,cough ,,syrup  ,take  
of hoarhound1 #a quart2 water #a quart2 
mix and boil down to a pint2 then add   
two or three sticks of liquorice and a  
tablespoonful of essence of lemon2 dose1
 a tablespoonful three times a day1 or  
as often as the cough is troublesome4   
#dhe4 ,,black ,,salve  ,take of sweet   
oil #a oz41 linseed oil #a oz41         

pulverized red lead #a oz42 put all into
 an iron dish over a moderate fire1     
constantly stirring until you can draw  
your finger over a drop of it on a      
board1 when a little cool1 without      
sticking2 when it is done1 spread on a  
cloth and apply as other salves4   #dhf4
 ,,seidlitz ,,powders  ,take of rochelle
 salts1 #b drachms2 bicarbonate of soda1
 #b scruples2 put these into a blue     
paper1 and put #ce grains of tartaric   
acid into a white paper4 ,to use1 put   
each into different tumblers1 half fill 
each with water1 and put a little loaf  
sugar in with the acid1 then pour them  
together and drink2 this makes a very   
pleasant cathartic4 ,effervescing       
draught is made by leaving out the      
rochelle salts4   #dhg4 ,,camphor ,,ice 
,take of spermaceti1 #a-a_/b oz42 gum   
camphor1 #c_/d oz42 oil of sweet        
almonds1 #d teaspoonsful2 mix1 and apply
 heat just enough to melt all together4 
,whilst warm1 pour into small moulds1   
then paper1 and put up in tin-foil4     

,this1 for chaps on hands or lips1      
cannot be equalled4   #dhh4 ,,for ,,salt
 ,,rheum  ,take a quantity of the       
pokeweed1 any time in summer1 pound it1 
press out the juice1 strain it into a   
pewter dish1 and set it in the sun until
 it acquires the consistency of salve2  
then put it into an earthen mug1 add to 
it water and beeswax sufficient to make 
an ointment of common consistency4      
,simmer the whole over a fire till      
thoroughly mixed2 when cold1 it is ready
 for use4 ,to be rubbed on the part     
affected4 ,the most obstinate cases have
 yielded to this in three or four       
months4 ,try it4   #dhi4 ,,artificial   
,,skin  ,dissolve gun cotton in         
sulphuric ether1 and thicken it with gum
 mucilage4 ,this article touched upon a 
cut or bruise1 forms1 immediately1 an   
artificial skin1 which cannot be washed 
off4 ,it is very useful as it obviates  
the necessity of finger cots or         
bandages4 ,it is excellent for sore     
nipples4   #dij4 ,,hair ,,restorative   

,take of sugar of lead1 #a oz42 lack    
sulphur1 #a oz42 essence of bergamot1   
#a_/b42 bay rum1 #a gill2 alcohol1 #a   
gill2 and half a teaspoonful of salt2   
dissolve1 first1 the sugar of lead and  
sulphur in the alcohol1 then the other  
ingredients2 and add the whole to a     
gallon of warm soft water1 then bottle  
it tightly1 and it is fit for use4 ,to  
be applied several times a day4 ,this is
 a most excellent article1 give it a    
trail4   #dia4 ,,to ,,remove ,,warts    
,,and ,,corns  ,this is very often done 
by means of nitrate of silver1 or some  
of the mineral acids2 but the best      
caustic for this purpose is that        
recommended for cancer in the skin4     
#dib4 ,,cancer ,,in ,,the ,,skin  ,no   
one but an impostor will presume to cure
 a true cancer1 containing the cancer   
cell1 and situated in the muscles4 ,many
 times hard tumors1 not containing the  
cancer cell1 are called cancers1 and are
 removed by different methods1 which is 
very easily accomplished1 without a     

danger of their returning2 by which     
means base quacks become lauded by the  
illiterate1 for their superior skill in 
banishing this dreadful malady1 and the 
orphan1 and finally1 in consequence     
thereof1 plunge themselves headlong over
 yonder precipice of eternal misery4    
,cancer which are situated in the skin1 
and are sometimes called spider cancers1
 c41 may be cured by the following      
caustic3 take of sulphate of iron1 #a   
part2 and acetate of lead1 #a part2     
pulverize each separately1 as fine as   
possible1 and mix well together2 then1  
by means of a probe or knitting-needle1 
touch the cancer with it every morning  
for three or four times1 and you will be
 able to draw it all out2 after which   
apply adhesive straps that it may heal4 
,it is used in the same way to destroy  
corns and warts4 ,in the case of cancer1
 physic well before applying it4   #dic4
 ,,for ,,worms  ,give a child one year  
old #ae drops of spirits of turpentine  
on sugar1 fasting1 for three mornings in

 succession2 follow the last dose with a
 good dose of castor oil2 this forms an 
excellent vermifuge4 ,the dose of       
spirits of turpentine for a child two   
years old is #bj drops1 three years old 
#be drops1 four years old #cj drops1 c4 
#did4 ,,spasmodic ,,croup  ,genuine     
croup is indeed of very rare occurrence1
 and is a fearfully dangerous disease1  
the only chances are to call in a       
physician at once4 ,in genuine croup1   
the child seems to have a cold and is   
hoarse for a few days previous to the   
attack2 but the fit generally comes on  
suddenly in spasmodic croup1 which may  
be treated as follows4 ,during the fit  
put the child in a warm bath1 apply hot 
water to the throat1 allow fresh air1   
and sprinkle the face and chest with    
cold water4   #die4 ,,for ,,flatulency  
,make a tea of the seeds of anise1      
caraway1 and coriander1 and drink freely
 of it4   #dif4 ,,for ,,hiccough  ,take 
five drops of oil of anise on sugar when
 they commence to be troublesome4       

#dig4 ,,for ,,heartburn  ,this is a very
 disagreeable sensation1 but may be     
banished by taking a teaspoonful of     
carbonate of soda dissolved in half a   
tumbler full of sweetened water4   #dih4
 ,,erysipelas  ,this when very bad needs
 the attendance of a physician2 when not
 so bad1 paint the inflamed part over   
with white lead1 mixed with paint oil1  
it is an excellent remedy4   #dii4 ,,for
 ,,felon  ,poultice well with flaxseed  
meal until matter begins to form1 then  
at once have it well laid open with a   
lance1 continue the poultice for some   
time afterwards4   #ejj4 ,,hair         
,,restorative  ,take of black mustard   
seed #a_/b oz41 red pepper #ae grains1  
blood root #a_/b oz41 cantharides #ae   
grains1 castile soap #a_/b oz41 alcohol 
one quart2 mix all together in a bottle1
 let stand for a week1 occasionally     
shaking4 ,perfume with oil of bergamot1 
and apply three or four times a day4    
#eja4 ,,to ,,kill ,,rats ,,and ,,mice   
,,without ,,poison  ,slice up a quantity

 of corks1 grease1 and scent them with  
oil of anise2 throw them in the way of  
the rats and mice2 they will eat1 but   
cannot digest them2 the result is they  
will die4   #ejb4 ,,eye ,,water  ,one   
part of good brandy1 to six of clean    
rain or distilled water1 makes an       
admirable eye water for most cases of   
sore eyes4   #ejc4 ,,for ,,chronic      
,,gout ,,and ,,rheumatism  ,take of     
bicarbonate of potash #a_/b drachm1     
tincture of orange #b drachms1 compound 
decoction of aloes #h oz41 mix4 ,dose1 a
 wine glass full whenever the fit is    
expected4 ,this is ,sir ,a4 ,cooper's   
prescription4   #ejd4 ,,for ,,sickness  
,,and ,,vomiting  ,take of creosote #af 
drops1 acetic acid #af drops1 compound  
spirit of juniper #a oz41 syrup #a oz41 
water #ad oz42 mix the creosote with the
 acid1 add gradually the water1 and     
lastly the syrup and spirit4 ,dose from 
two to four tablespoonsful4   #eje4     
,,laxative ,,pill  ,take of powdered    
aloes #a drachm1 gamboge #aj grains1    

,castile soap and water sufficient to   
make a pill mass2 mix and divide into   
#cd pills4 ,dose1 one1 two1 or three1 to
 be given when necessary1 for torpid    
bowels4   #ejf4 ,,for ,,headache  ,in   
case of a severe attack of headache the 
best remedy is1 generally1 to take a    
good strong physic of salts and senna4  
,if this does not relieve it1 or where  
the person is very frequently troubled  
with headache1 apply a blister to the   
back of the neck1 you will find it an   
excellent remedy4   #ejg4 ,,for ,,making
 ,,size  ,this1 with the following four1
 are currier's receipts4  ,take of      
sizing #a quart1 soft soap #a gill1     
stuffing #a gill1 sweet milk #a_/b pint2
 boil the sizing in water to a proper   
consistence1 strain and add the other   
ingredients1 and when thoroughly mixed  
it is ready for use4   #ejh4 ,,for      
,,paste  ,first coat4--,take of water #b
 quarts2 flour #a_/b pint1 castile soap 
#a oz42 make into paste4 ,second        
coat4--,take of the first paste #a_/b   

pint1 gum tragacanth #a gill1 water #a  
pint2 mix all together4 ,this will      
finish eighteen sides of upper4   #eji4 
,,skirting  ,this is for finishing      
skirting and the flesh of harness       
leather in imitation of oak tanning4    
,take of chrome yellow #a_/b lb41 yellow
 ochre #a lb41 cream of tartar #a oz41  
soda #a_/b oz41 paste #e quarts2 mix    
well4 ,this will finish twelve sides4   
#eaj4 ,,skirting  ,for the grain of     
skirting to imitate oak tan1 take of    
chrome yellow #a_/b lb41 yellow ochre   
#a_/b lb41 cream of tartar #a oz41 soda 
#a oz41 paste #b qts41 spirits of       
turpentine #a pint4 ,mix well2 this will
 finish twelve sides4   #eaa4 ,,grain   
,,black  ,this is for the grain of      
harness leather4 ,first1 stain in       
tallow1 then take of spirits of         
turpentine #a pint1 cream of tartar #a  
oz41 soda #a oz41 gum shellac #a_/b oz41
 thick paste reduced thin #b qts4 ,mix  
well4 ,this will finish #bd sides4      
#eab4 ,,antidotes ,,for ,,poisons  ,the 

antidotes for poisoning with the strong 
mineral acids1 such as nitric1 muriatic1
 sulphuric1 or oxalic acids are         
magnesia1 chalk1 whiting1 in milk or    
water2 mucilaginous or soapy liquids4   
,when sulphuric acid has been taken1 use
 very little water if any4 ,irritate the
 throat with a feather to produce       
vomiting4  ,the antidote for poisoning  
with corrosive sublimate or any other   
preparation of mercury1 is albumen1 as  
whites of eggs1 in large quantity1 flour
 and water1 and milk4 ,the whites of    
eggs are best4  ,the antidotes for      
poisoning by opium1 or any of its       
preparations1 as morphia1 laudanum1 c41 
are the stomach pump if it can be had2  
tartar emetic1 #b to #e grains1 or      
sulphate of zinc1 #ae to #cj grains1 or 
sulphate of copper1 #ab to #ae grs41 for
 an adult4 ,the sulphates of zinc or    
copper are best1 because they act       
quicker4 ,external excitation1 keep in  
motion1 mechanical excitement of        
respiration1 cold effusion to the head  

and face1 feet in hot water1            
electro-magnetism1 internal stimulants1 
as bicarbonate of ammonia1 #e to #be    
grains in water1 carbonate of ammonia1  
#e to #ae grains in water1 coffee and   
vegetable acids4 ,some propose as an    
antidote for every case of poisoning1   
half a pint of bland oil1 as sweet oil1 
fresh butter melted to oil1 c41 to be   
drank at once1 for an adult4   #eac4    
,,treatment ,,of ,,drowning  ,if        
respiration has ceased when the body is 
taken out of the water1 it should       
instantly be commenced artificially1 by 
putting a pipe into one nostril1 and    
closing the mouth and the other nostril1
 and very gently blowing through it     
about #ae times in a minute2 but it is a
 better plan to use a small pair of     
bellows1 putting its muzzle into the    
nostril1 at the same time the body      
should be wiped dry1 and be assiduously 
rubbed with hot cloths2 hot bricks and  
bottles of hot water should be put into 
the armpit1 between the thighs1 and to  

the feet2 the head should be raised1 the
 nostrils irritated with a feather1 or  
the fumes of hartshorn1 and a warm      
injection of turpentine1 made as        
follows1 may be thrown up--oil of       
turpentine1 #c drachms2 gruel1 #a_/b a  
pint2 and the yolk of #a egg4           
,incorporate the turpentine with the    
egg1 then add the gruel4 ,galvanism     
should be resorted to1 if respiration is
 not quickly restored4 ,as soon as the  
patient can swallow1 he should have some
 weak wine and water2 and soon          
afterwards an emetic of a large         
tablespoonful of mustard1 mixed with #f 
ozs4 of water1 to clear the stomach of  
the water which he has swallowed1 and to
 restore the circulation by the impetus 
of vomiting4 ,after some hours he will  
suffer from severe headache and fever1  
which must be relieved by bleeding1     
purgatives1 c41 which will be attended  
to by a physician1 who will be present  
by this time4 ,a case is related in     
which life was restored by the most     

persevering friction1 which was kept up 
for eight hours before the humanity of  
the surgeon1 ,dr4 ,douglass1 of ,havre1 
was rewarded by a return of respiration4
   #ead4 ,,elastic ,,cement ,,for       
,,belts  ,take of white glue1 #a lb41   
dry white lead1 #a lb41 alcohol1 #a_/b  
pint1 rain water1 #c pints1 and proceed 
as directed in receipt ,no4 #dag4 ,when 
ready for use apply to the ends of the  
belt1 lay them together and place upon  
them a heavy weight until perfectly dry1
 then use the belt as you please4       
#eae4 ,,good ,,samaritan ,,or           
,,pain-,,killer  ,take of #ie percent   
alcohol #b quarts1 and add to it the    
following articles3 oils of sarsafras   
and hemlock1 spirits of turpentine1     
balsam of fir1 chloriform1 tincture of  
catechu and guaiacum1 of each #a oz41   
oil of origanum #b oz41 oil of          
wintergreen #a_/b oz41 and gum of       
camphor #a_/b oz4 ,let it all be well   
incorporated and you have the most      
excellent pain killer that was ever     

made4 ,it is good for rheumatism1       
headache1 neuralgia1 cuts1 sprains1     
burns1 bruises1 spinal affections1      
ear-ache1 tooth-ache1 sore throat1 c4   
,this is used internally and externally1
 the dose internally is #aj drops2 take 
on sugar4   #eaf4 ,,diamond ,,paste     
,,for ,,razors  ,by rubbing a little of 
this paste on your razor-strap1 it is   
astonishing how speedily you will be    
able to sharpen a razor4 ,it is made    
simply by mixing flour of emery and     
sweet oil1 to the consistence of paste4 
#eag4 ,,for ,,staggers ,,in ,,sheep     
,dissolve assafoetida in warm water1 and
 put half a tablespoonful in each ear of
 the sheep4 ,it is a speedy remedy4     
#eah4 ,,water-,,proof ,,for ,,leather   
,take of linseed oil1 #a pint2 yellow   
wax and white turpentine1 of each1 #b   
oz42 burgundy pitch1 #a oz42 melt all   
together1 and colour with lampblack4    
,this being applied to boots1 you may   
stand in water all day1 and your feet   
will be dry at night4   #eai4 ,,to      

,,brown ,,gun-,,barrels  ,rub the       
barrel1 after it is finished1 with      
aquafortis1 or spirit of salt diluted in
 water2 leave it by for a week1 till a  
complete coat is formed2 then apply a   
little oil1 and after rubbing the       
surface dry1 polish it with a hard brush
 and a little beeswax4   #ebj4 ,,liquid 
,,glue  ,put #a oz4 of borax into a pan 
with #a quart of water1 set it on the   
fire2 when melted1 which will be very   
soon1 put in #h oz4 of gum shellac1 and 
boil until dissolved2 if too thin add   
more gum2 when cool bottle for use4     
#eba4 ,,to ,,take ,,ink ,,spots ,,out   
,,of ,,mahogany  ,apply spirits of salt 
with a rag1 until the spot disappears1  
and immediately wash with clean water2  
or to half a pint of soft water put #a  
oz4 of oxalic acid1 and #a_/b oz4 of    
butter of antimony2 shake it well1 and  
when dissolved it will be very useful   
for extracting stains out of mahogany1  
as well as ink1 if not of too long      
standing4   #ebb4 ,,to ,,clean ,,marble1

 ,,sienna1 ,,jasper1 ,,porphyry1 c4     
,mix up a quantity of strongest         
soap-lees with quicklime1 to the        
consistence of milk1 and lay it on the  
stone1 c41 for #bd hours2 clean it      
afterwards with soap and water1 and it  
will appear as new4 ,this may be        
improved by rubbing or polishing it     
afterwards with fine putty powder and   
olive oil4 ,this is a beautiful article 
for cleaning marble monuments1 c4       
#ebc4 ,,to ,,clean ,,silver ,,furniture 
,lay the furniture piece by piece upon a
 charcoal fire2 and when they are just  
red1 take them off and boil them in     
tartar and water1 and your silver will  
have the same beauty as when first made4
 ,try this method once and you will     
never forsake it2 it will not remove a  
portion of the silver1 as article that  
are sold in vials1 boxes1 c41 for this  
purpose will do4   #ebd4 ,a ,,fine      
,,black ,,varnish  ,take #b ozs4 of     
bitumen of ,palestine1 #b ozs4 of resin1
 and #ab ozs4 of umber2 melt them       

separately1 and afterwards mix them     
together over a moderate fire2 then pour
 upon them1 while on the fire1 #f ozs4  
of clear boiled linseed oil1 and keep   
stirring the whole from time to time2   
take it off the fire1 and1 when pretty  
cool1 pour in #ab ozs4 of essence of    
turpentine4 ,this varnish is for coaches
 and iron work4   #ebe4 ,,to ,,paint    
,,sail-,,cloth1 ,,so ,,as ,,to ,,make   
,,it ,,pliant1 ,,durable1 ,,and         
,,water-,,proof  ,grind #if lbs4 of     
,english ochre with boiled oil1 and add 
to it #af lbs4 of black paint2 dissolve 
#a lb4 of yellow soap in one pail of    
water1 on the fire1 and mix it while hot
 with the paint4 ,lay this composition1 
without wetting it1 upon the canvass1 as
 stiff as can conveniently be done with 
the brush1 so as to form a smooth       
surface2 the next day1 or the day after1
 7if the latter1 so much the better17   
lay on a second coat of ochre and black1
 with a very little1 if any1 soap2 allow
 this coat a day to dry1 and then finish

 the canvass with black paint4   #ebf4  
,,photocromatic ,,oil ,,painting        
,,instruction3  ,chemicals used in      
executing them3--chemical varnish1 ,no4 
#a1 #b oz4 damar varnish1 #a oz4 spirits
 turpentine2 7mix well together47       
,finishing varnish1 ,no4 #b1 #a oz4     
spirits turpentine1 #a oz4 alcohol1 #a  
oz4 salt1 #a quart water4 ,a camel's    
hair brush is needed for varnishing4    
,take a smooth pane of common           
window-glass1 any size you choose1 clean
 it well1 then varnish one side of it   
with chemical varnish ,no4 #a1 lay it   
away where it will be perfectly free    
from dust1 and let it dry twenty-four   
hours2 next varnish the same side of the
 glass again1 and let it dry about one  
half hour1 or until the varnish becomes 
stickey4 ,immediately after varnishing  
the glass the second time1 take the     
print that you wish to get an impression
 of1 and immerse it in the solution ,no4
 #c2 put the solution in a flat pan1 and
 lay the print in with the face side up2

 let the print lay in the solution about
 five minutes1 or until the paper is    
completely saturated1 then remove it1   
taking care not to stretch it1 and lay  
it on paper with the face side up1 in   
order that the solution may dry from the
 face of the print4 ,in this way prepare
 the print1 getting it ready by the time
 the glass has dried one half hour4     
,next1 carefully lay the face of the    
print on the varnished side of the      
glass1 being particular to lay it on    
smooth and press it firmly to the glass1
 so as to exclude every particle of air2
 should there be any air left under the 
paper1 it will show itself in spots1 and
 must be pressed out4 ,you now lay it   
away and let it dry another twenty-four 
hours2 then1 wet the back part of the   
print with water and with your hand or a
 wet cloth1 rub the paper from the back 
of the print until it is so thin that   
the outlines of the picture can be seen 
from the back and of uniform thickness4 
,you next spread a thin coat of         

finishing varnish 7,no4 #b7 on it and   
lay it away to dry4 ,this will render it
 perfectly clear and                    
transparent4--,after this coat of       
varnish has dried1 rub it over with a   
bit of fine sand paper1 to make it      
smooth1 and finish with two or three    
coats of ,no4 #b varnish4 ,when dry1 put
 it in a frame with the varnished side  
out1 placing a sheet of light coloured  
paper on the back1 this will give it the
 appearance of an oil painting4 ,by     
following these directions you cannot   
fail to produce a beautiful picture4    
#ebg4 ,,for ,,the ,,complexion  ,boil a 
small piece of gum benzoin in some      
spirits of wine till it is dissolved1   
7five minutes boiling will be           
sufficient17 then bottle for use4 ,a few
 drops of this in a glass of soft water 
7sufficient to make the water a milky   
colour7 makes a delicious wash2 apply   
with a towel or linen cloth4 ,this      
article will make the skin as soft as   
velvet1 and will constantly preserve    

rosy cheeks and lips1 and for this it   
has not equal in the world2 besides1 it 
is as harmless as a sun-shower4 ,as it  
is not a paint1 it will not act just on 
the moment when applied4   #ebh4        
,,oriental ,,cream ,,of ,,roses  ,take  
of tincture of elder blossoms #a_/b oz41
 best beef marrow #a teaspoonful1 orange
 flower water #a_/b pint1 cassia buds #a
 oz41 blanched bitter almonds #b oz41   
spirits of oriental roses #d drms42 mix 
all1 and when the solution acquires the 
colour and consistency of milk it is fit
 for use4 ,this article is for          
beautifying the complexion1 making the  
skin as soft1 as fair1 and as rosy as   
that of a healthy infant2 apply at      
pleasure4 ,it is not only harmless1 but 
will prove a speedy cure for all        
pimples1 blotches1 c4   #ebi4           
,,instruction ,,for ,,gilding  ,dissolve
 a gold dollar in nitro-muriatic        
acid1--7#b ozs4 muriatic to #a of       
nitric17 then dissolve a #a_/d lb4 of   
copperas in a pint of hot water1 and    

pour it into the dish containing the    
gold and acid1 pouring in a little at a 
time1 till it stops boiling or foaming  
up2 then let it stand and settle about  
six hours2 then strain off the          
copperas-water carefully1 and the gold  
will appear like a brown or dark yellow 
powder in the bottom of the dish4 ,you  
will then proceed to wash the gold1     
which is done by pouring hot water on   
it2 let it stand and settle a few       
minutes1 and then drain off4 ,continue  
washing in this manner till there is no 
acid or copperas taste2 then add to the 
gold in the bottom of the dish from     
#a-a_/b to #b oz4 cyanuret potassa1     
dissolved in about #a_/b pint pure soft 
water4 ,the solution is then ready for  
use4 ,gild by laying a piece of pure    
zinc in contact with the article to be  
gilded1 in the solution4   #ecj4        
,,directions ,,for ,,silvering          
,dissolve a silver dollar in about #b   
ozs4 of nitric acid by heating2 then    
dissolve a tablespoonful of salt in     

about a quart of water2 pour it into the
 dish with the silver and acid2 let it  
stand and settle a few minutes1 and the 
silver will settle to the bottom in a   
white powder4 ,then drain off the water 
carefully1 and add more water1 then     
drain off again4 ,continue washing in   
this manner till no acid or salt taste  
remains2 then add a quart or more of    
pure soft water1 and cyanuret potassa   
enough to take it up1 or nearly so4 ,the
 solution is then nearly ready for use4 
,silver by laying a piece of zinc in    
contact with the article1 the same as in
 gilding4 ,if the article you are       
silvering or gilding corrodes or turns  
black1 it wants a little more cyanuret4 
,in gilding or silvering1 the article   
must be thoroughly cleaned1 and great   
care must be taken that the water used  
is of the purest kind4  ,when the       
plating is as heavy as you wish1 polish 
it with a mixture of chalk and alcohol1 
or of chalk alone1 applied with a fine  
brush1 or else a bit of chamois leather 

or rag4  ,if you wish to put on a very  
heavy coat of silver or gold1 instead of
 using zinc alone as a battery1 use the 
following1 attach a piece of copper to  
one end of an iron wire about ten inches
 long1 and a piece of zinc to the other 
end1 and place both zinc and copper in  
contact with the article being silvered 
or gilded4   #eca4 ,,using ,,french     
,,polish  ,there is a mode of using     
shell-lac varnish which is sometimes    
denominated the ,german1 but more       
commonly the ,french mode4 ,it merits to
 be generally known1 as the process is  
easy and economical1 and the effect     
beautiful4 ,it has been much employed by
 cabinet and musical instrument makers1 
but is not yet so extensively practised 
as it merits to be4 ,the varnish is     
applied by means of what is called a    
rubber1 made by rolling up a piece of   
thick woollen cloth1 which has been torn
 off so as to have a soft1 elastic edge4
 ,the varnish1 put into a narrow-mouthed
 bottle1 is applied to the middle of the

 flat face of the rubber by laying the  
rubber on mouth of the bottle and       
quickly shaking the varnish at once1 as 
the rubber will thus imbibe a sufficient
 quantity to varnish a considerable     
extent of surface4 ,the rubber is then  
enclosed in a soft linen cloth doubled1 
the remainder of the cloth being        
gathered together at the back of the    
rubber to form a handle to hold it by2  
and the face of the linen cloth must be 
moistened with a little raw linseed oil1
 which may either be coloured with      
alkanet root or not1 applied with the   
finger to the middle of it4 ,the work to
 be varnished should be placed opposite 
to the light1 in order that the effect  
of the polishing may be better seen1 and
 a surface of from ten to eight feet    
square may be varnished at once4 ,the   
rubber must be quickly and lightly      
rubbed upon the surface of the article  
to be varnished1 and the rubbing        
continued until the varnish becomes     
nearly dry4 ,the coil of woollen cloth  

must then be again wetted with the      
varnish1 7no more oil need be applied to
 the surface of the linen cloth17 and   
the rubbing renewed till the varnish    
becomes nearly dry as before2 a third   
coat must be applied in the same manner1
 then a fourth with a little oil1 which 
must be followed by two others without  
oil1 as before4 ,you proceed thus until 
the varnish has acquired some thickness1
 which will be after a few repetitions  
of the series4 ,apply then a little     
alcohol to the inside of the linen      
cloth1 and wet the coil with the        
varnish2 after which1 rub very quickly1 
lightly1 and uniformly1 over every part 
of the varnished surface1 which will    
tend to make it even1 and very much     
conduce to its polish4 ,the linen cloth 
must now be wetted with a little alcohol
 and oil1 without varnish2 and the      
varnished surface being rubbed over1    
with the precautions last mentioned1    
until it is nearly dry1 the effect of   
the operation will be seen4 ,if it be   

found not complete1 the process must be 
continued1 with the introduction of     
alcohol in its turn as directed before1 
until the surface becomes smooth and of 
a beautiful lustre4 ,the preceding      
process is that in general use2 but ,dr4
 ,jones recommends1 in the ,franklin    
,journal1 a rubber of a different sort1 
as well as a simpler mode of employing  
it4 ,he takes a piece of thick woollen  
cloth1 six or eight inches in diameter1 
and upon one side of this pours a       
teaspoonful of the varnish2 he then     
collects the edges together1 so as to   
enclose the varnish in the cloth and    
form a handle by which to hold it3 this 
is finally covered with a piece of oiled
 linen cloth1 and the rubber is ready   
for use4 ,more varnish is added as often
 as it is required2 and when it becomes 
occasionally too thick to ooze through1 
a little alcohol is poured into the     
cloth4 ,some difficulties may be at     
first experienced in performing this    
process2 but ,dr4 ,jones states that a  

very little practice will enable any    
handy person to surmount them4 ,the     
peculiar advantage said to attend it is1
 that a beautiful polish may be at once 
obtained by a continued application of  
the rubber in this way2 while1 according
 to the method previously described1    
successive coats of varnish1 which      
require considerable time to dry1 must  
be used1 and a great deal of additional 
trouble incurred4 ,in varnishing        
recesses or carved work1 where parts of 
the surface are difficult to reach with 
the rubber1 a spirit varnish1 made with 
or without lac of the usual gum resins1 
and considerably thicker than that used 
for the rest of the work1 may be applied
 to those parts with a brush or hair    
pencil4   #ecb4 ,,lacquer ,,for ,,brass 
,seed-lac1 #f ozs42 amber or copal1     
ground on porphyry or very clean marble1
 #b ozs42 dragon's blood1 #dj grains2   
extract of red sandal-wood1 #cj grains2 
oriental saffron1 #cf grains2 pounded   
glass1 #d ozs42 very pure alcohol1 #dj  

ozs4 ,articles1 or ornaments of brass1  
to which this varnish is to be applied1 
should be exposed to a gentle heat and  
then dipped into the varnish4 ,two or   
three coatings may be thus applied1 if  
necessary4 ,articles varnished in this  
manner may be cleaned with water and a  
bit of dry rag4   #ecc4 ,,to ,,clean    
,,old ,,brass ,,work ,,for ,,lacquering 
,first boil a strong lye of wood-ashes1 
which you may strengthen with soap-lees2
 put in your brass work1 and the lacquer
 will immediately come off2 then have   
ready a pickle of aquafortis and water1 
strong enough to take off the dirt2 wash
 it immediately in clean water1 dry it  
well1 and lacquer it4   #ecd4 ,,to      
,,prepare ,,fish ,,oil ,,for ,,paint    
,into a cask which will contain about   
#dj galls41 put #cb galls4 of good      
common vinegar2 add to this #ab lbs4 of 
litharge1 and #ab lbs4 of white copperas
 in powder3 bung up the vessel1 and     
shake and roll it well twice a-day for a
 week1 when it will be fit to put into a

 ton of whale1 cod1 or seal oil1 7but   
the southern whale oil is to be         
preferred1 on account of its good colour
 and little or no smell37 shake and mix 
all together1 when it may settle until  
the next day2 then pour off the clear1  
which will be about seven-eighths of the
 whole4 ,to clear this part1 add #ab    
galls4 of linseed oil1 and #b galls4 of 
spirits of turpentine2 shake them well  
together1 and1 after the whole has      
settled two or three days1 it will be   
fit to grind white lead and all fine    
colours in2 and1 when ground1 cannot be 
distinguished from those ground in      
linseed oil1 unless by the superiority  
of colour4 ,if the oil be wanted only   
for coarse purposes1 the linseed oil and
 oil of turpentine may be added at the  
same time that the prepared vinegar is  
put in2 and1 after being well shaken up1
 is fit for immediate use1 without being
 suffered to settle4 ,the residue or    
bottom1 when settled by the addition of 
half its quantity of fresh lime-water1  

forms an excellent oil for mixing with  
all the coarse paints for preserving    
outside work4 ,all colours ground in the
 above oil1 and used for inside work1   
must be thinned with linseed oil and oil
 of turpentine4  ,gain by the above     
process4    ,one ton of fish oil1 or    
#beb galls4444444444444444 #aea4bj   #cb
 galls4 of vinegar1 at #ab-a_/b cts4 per
 gall4444    #d4jj   #ab lbs4 litharge1 
at #g cts4 per lb444444444444444        
#hd   #ab lbs4 white copperas1 at #h    
cts4 ditto4444444444      #if   #ab     
galls4 of linseed oil1 at #ij cts4 per  
gall4444   #aj4hj    #b galls4 of spirit
 of turpentine1 at #dj cts44444      #hj
                                        
--------                                
#afh4fj    #beb galls4 of fish oil      
#ab ditto linseed oil     #b ditto      
spirit of turpentine    #cb ditto       
vinegar   ---   #bih galls41 at #ij cts4
 per gal4 #bfh4bj   ,deduct the         
expense4444444444444  #afh4fj           
--------                                

#ii4fj   #ece4 ,,painting ,,in ,,milk   
,in consequence of the injury which has 
often resulted to sick and weakly       
persons from the smell of common paint1 
the following method of painting with   
milk has been adopted by some workmen1  
which1 for the interior of buildings1   
besides being as free as distemper from 
any offensive odour1 is said to be      
nearly equal to oil-painting in body and
 durability4 ,take #a_/b gall4 of       
skimmed milk1 #f ozs4 of lime newly     
slaked1 #d ozs4 of poppy1 linseed1 or   
nut-oil1 and #c lbs4 of ,spanish white4 
,put the lime into an earthen vessel or 
clean bucket1 and having poured on it a 
sufficient quantity of milk to make it  
about the thickness of cream1 add the   
oil in small quantities at a time1      
stirring the mixture with a wooden      
spatula4 ,then put in the rest of the   
milk1 and afterwards the ,spanish white4
 ,it is1 in general1 indifferent which  
of the oils above-mentioned you use2    
but1 for a pure white1 oil of poppy is  

the best4 ,the oil in this composition1 
being dissolved by the lime1 wholly     
disappears2 and1 uniting with the whole 
of the other ingredients1 forms a kind  
of calcareous soap4 ,in putting in the  
,spanish white1 you must be careful that
 it is finely powdered and strewed      
gently over the surface of the mixture4 
,it then1 by degrees1 imbibes the liquid
 and sinks to the bottom4 ,milk skimmed 
in summer is often found to be curdled2 
but this is of no consequence in the    
present preparation1 as its combining   
with the lime soon restores it to its   
fluid state4 ,but it must on no account 
be sour2 because1 in that case1 it      
would1 by uniting with the lime1 form an
 earthy salt1 which could not resist any
 degree of dampness in the air4 ,milk   
paint may likewise be used for out-door 
objects by adding to the ingredients    
before-mentioned #b ozs4 each more of   
oil and slaked lime1 and #b ozs4 of     
,burgundy pitch4 ,the pitch should be   
put into the oil that is to be added to 

the milk and lime1 and dissolved by a   
gentle heat4 ,in cold weather1 the milk 
and lime must be warmed1 to prevent the 
pitch from cooling too suddenly1 and to 
enable it to unite more readily with the
 milk and lime4 ,time only can prove how
 far this mode of painting is to be     
compared1 for durability1 with that in  
oil2 for the shrinking to which coatings
 of paint are subject depends in great  
measure upon the nature and seasoning of
 the wood4 ,the milk paint used for     
in-door work dries in about an hour2 and
 the oil which is employed in preparing 
it entirely loses its smell in the soapy
 state to which it is reduced by its    
union with the lime4 ,one coating will  
be sufficient for places that are       
already covered with any colour1 unless 
the latter penetrate through it and     
produce spots4 ,one coat will likewise  
suffice1 in general1 for ceilings and   
stair-cases2 two will be necessary for  
new wood4 ,milk painting may be         
coloured1 like every other in distemper1

 by means of the different colouring    
substances employed in common painting4 
,the quantity ,i have given in the      
receipt will be sufficient for one coat 
to a surface of about twenty-five square
 yards4   #ecf4 ,,ethereal ,,solution   
,,of ,,gold  ,the following mode of     
effecting this solution 7used chiefly   
for gilding steel7 is recommended by    
,mr4 ,h4 ,mill1 in the ,technical       
,repository1 as being superior to any   
previously made known4 ,the             
instructions1 he says1 given in most    
elementary works on chemistry for this  
purpose are either erroneous or not     
sufficiently explicit4 ,the process     
answers equally well for either gold or 
platina4 ,dissolve any quantity of gold 
or platina in nitro-muriatic acid1 7aqua
 regia17 until no further effervescence 
is occasioned by the application of     
heat4 ,evaporate the solution of gold or
 platina1 thus formed1 to dryness1 in a 
gentle heat1 7it will then be freed from
 all excess of acid1 which is           

essential17 and re-dissolve the dry mass
 in as little water as possible3 next   
take an instrument which is used by     
chemists for dropping liquids1 known by 
the name of a separating funnel1 having 
a pear-shaped body1 tapering to a fine  
sharp point1 and a neck capable of being
 stopped with the finger or a cork1     
which may contain a liquid once or more2
 fill it with the liquid about          
one-quarter part1 and the other three   
parts must be filled with the very best 
sulphuric ether4 ,if this be rightly    
managed1 the two liquids will not mix4  
,then place the tube in a horizontal    
position1 and gently turn it round with 
the finger and thumb4 ,the ether will   
very soon be impregnated with the gold  
or platina1 which may be known by its   
changing its colour2 replace it in a    
perpendicular position1 and let it rest 
for twenty-four hours2 having first     
stopped up the upper orifice with a     
cork4 ,the liquid will then be divided  
into two parts--the darkest colouring   

being underneath4 ,to separate them1    
take out the cork and let the dark      
liquid flow out3 when it has            
disappeared1 stop the tube immediately  
with the cork1 and what remains in the  
tube is fit for use1 and may be called  
gilding liquid4 ,let it be put into a   
bottle1 and tightly corked4 ,the muriate
 of gold or platina1 formed by digesting
 these metals in nitro-muriatic acid1   
must be entirely free from all excess of
 acid2 because it will otherwise act    
too forcibly on the steel1 and cause the
 coating of gold to peel off4 ,pure gold
 must be employed2 the ether must not be
 shaken with the muriate of gold1 as is 
advised in chemical publications1 for it
 will be sure1 then1 to contain acid2   
but if the two liquids be brought       
continually into contact by the motion  
described1 the affinity between ether   
and gold is so strong as to overcome the
 obstacle of gravity1 and it will hold  
the gold in solution4 ,the ethereal     
solution may also be concentrated by    

gentle evaporation4   #ecg4 ,,varnish   
,,polish  ,take #b ozs4 of tripoli1     
reduced to fine powder2 put it into an  
earthen pot or basin1 with water to     
cover it2 then take a piece of fine     
flannel1 four times doubled1 lay it over
 a piece of cork or rubber1 and proceed 
to polish your varnish1 always wetting  
it with the tripoli and water4 ,you will
 know when the process is completed1 by 
wiping a part of the work with a sponge 
and observing whether there is a fair   
and even gloss4 ,take a bit of          
mutton-suet and fine flour1 and clean   
off the work4 ,or1 the powdered tripoli 
may be mixed up with a little pure oil1 
and used upon a ball of serge1 or of    
chamois leather1 which is better4 ,the  
polishing may afterwards be completed   
with a bit of serge or cloth1 without   
tripoli4 ,putty powder1 and even common 
whiting and water1 are sometimes used   
for polishing2 but they produce a very  
inferior effect to tripoli1 except in   
the case of ivory1 for which putty and  

water1 used upon a rubber made of a hat1
 forms the best and quickest polish4    
,putty and water may likewise be used1  
in the same manner as just mentioned for
 ivory1 in finishing off the polish of  
pearl work1 after it has first been     
polished very smooth with pumice-stone1 
finely powdered1 and well washed to free
 it from impurities and dirt4   #ech4   
,,varnish ,,for ,,coloured ,,drawings   
,mix together #a oz4 of ,canada balsam  
and #b ozs4 of spirits of turpentine4   
,before applying the composition1 size  
the drawing or print with a solution of 
isinglass in water2 when this is dry1   
apply the varnish with a camel's-hair   
brush4 ,the use of this varnish gives to
 coloured drawings and prints an        
appearance resembling that of oil       
paintings4   #eci4 ,,varnish ,,for      
,,glass  ,reduce a quantity of gum      
tragacanth to powder1 and let it        
dissolve for twenty-four hours in the   
white of eggs well beat up2 then rub it 
gently on the glass with a brush4       

#edj4 ,,to ,,clean ,,pictures  ,having  
taken the picture out of its frame1 take
 a clean towel1 and making it quite wet1
 lay it on the face of your picture1    
sprinkling it from time to time with    
clear soft water2 let it remain wet for 
two or three days2 take the cloth off1  
and renew it with a fresh one2 after    
wiping your picture with a clean wet    
sponge1 repeat the process till you find
 all the dirt soaked out of your        
picture2 then wash it well with a soft  
sponge1 and let it get quite dry2 rub it
 with some clear nut or linseed oil1 and
 it will look as well as when freshly   
done4   #eda4 ,,another ,,method  ,put  
into two quarts of strong lye a quarter 
of a pound of ,genoa soap rasped very   
fine1 with about a pint of spirits of   
wine2 let them simmer on the fire for   
half an hour1 then strain them through a
 cloth2 apply it with a brush to the    
picture1 wipe it off with a sponge1 and 
apply it a second time1 which will      
effectually remove all dirt2 then1 with 

a little nut oil warmed1 rub the        
picture1 and let it dry2 this will make 
it look as bright as when it came out of
 the artist's hands4   #edb4 ,,varnish  
,,for ,,clock ,,faces1 c4  ,take of     
spirits of wine1 #a pint2 divide it into
 four parts2 mix one part with half an  
ounce of gum mastic1 in a bottle by     
itself2 one part of spirits and half an 
ounce of gum sandrac in another bottle2 
and one part of spirits and half an     
ounce of the whitest part of gum        
benjamin2 mix and temper them to your   
mind2 if too thick1 add spirits2 if too 
thin1 some mastic2 if too soft1 some    
sandrac or benjamin4 ,when you use it1  
warm the silvered plate before the fire1
 and with a flat camel-hair pencil      
stroke it over till no white streaks    
appear2 which will preserve the         
silvering for many years4   #edc4       
,,varnish ,,for ,,balloons  ,take some  
linseed oil1 rendered drying by boiling 
it with #b ozs4 of sugar of lead and #c 
ozs4 of litharge for every pint of oil  

till they are dissolved1 which may be in
 half an hour4 ,then put #a lb4 of      
birdlime and half a pint of the drying  
oil into an iron or copper vessel1 whose
 capacity should equal about a gallon1  
and let it boil very gently over a slow 
charcoal fire1 till the birdlime ceases 
to crackle1 which will be in about half 
or three-quarters of an hour2 then pour 
upon it #b-a_/b pints more of the drying
 oil1 and let it boil about an hour     
longer1 stirring it frequently with an  
iron or wooden spatula4 ,as the varnish1
 whilst boiling1 and especially when    
nearly ready1 swells very much1 care    
should be taken to remove1 in those     
cases1 the pot from the fire1 and to    
replace it when the varnish subsides2   
otherwise1 it will boil over4 ,whilst   
the stuff is boiling1 the operator      
should occasionally examine whether it  
has boiled enough 1 which may be known  
by observing whether1 when rubbed       
between two knives1 which are then to be
 separated from one another1 the varnish

 forms threads between them1 as it must 
then be removed from the fire4 ,when    
nearly cool1 add about an equal quantity
 of oil of turpentine4 ,in using the    
varnish1 the stuff must be stretched1   
and the varnish applied lukewarm4 ,in   
#bd hours it will dry4 ,as the elastic  
resin1 known by the name of ,indian     
rubber1 has been much extolled for a    
varnish for balloons1 the following     
method of making it1 as practiced by ,m4
 ,blanchard1 may not prove unacceptable3
 dissolve elastic resin cut small in    
five times its weight of rectified      
essential oil of turpentine1 by keeping 
them some days together4 ,then pour #a  
oz4 of this solution in #h ozs4 of      
drying linseed oil for a few minutes2   
strain the solution1 and use it warm4   
#edd4 ,,to ,,prepare ,,rennet ,,to      
,,turn ,,milk  ,take out the stomach of 
a calf as soon as killed1 and scour it  
inside and out with salt2 after it is   
cleared of the curd always found in it1 
let it drain a few hours1 then sew it up

 with two good handsful of salt in it1  
or stretch it well salted on a stick1 or
 keep it in the salt wet2 and when      
wanted soak it a little in fresh water1 
and repeat the same when again required4
   #ede4 ,,to ,,make ,,cheese  ,put the 
milk into a large tub1 warming a part   
till it is of a degree of heat quite    
equal to new2 if too hot the cheese will
 be tough4 ,put in as much rennet as    
will turn it1 and cover it over2 let it 
stand till completely turned1 then      
strike the curd down several times with 
the skimming-dish1 and let it separate1 
still covering it4 ,there are two modes 
of breaking the curd1 and there will be 
a difference in the taste of the cheese 
according as either is observed3 one is1
 to gather it with the hands very gently
 towards the side of the tub1 letting   
the whey pass through the fingers till  
it is cleared1 and ladling it off as it 
collects2 the other is1 to get the whey 
from it by early breaking the curd2 the 
last method deprives it of many of its  

oily particles1 and is therefore less   
proper4 ,put the vat on a ladder over   
the tub1 and fill it with curd by the   
skimmer2 press the curd close with your 
hand1 and add more as it sinks1 and it  
must be finally left two inches above   
the edge4 ,before the vat is filled1 the
 cheese-cloth must be laid at the       
bottom1 and when full1 draw smoothly    
over on all sides4 ,these are two modes 
of salting cheese2 one by mixing it in  
the curd while in the tub1 after the    
whey is out1 and the other by putting it
 into the vat and crumbling the curd all
 to pieces with it1 after the first     
squeezing with the hands has dried it4  
,the first method appears best on some  
accounts1 but not on all1 and therefore 
the custom of the country must direct4  
,put a board under and over the vat1 and
 place it in the press2 in two hours    
turn it out and put a fresh             
cheese-cloth2 press it again for eight  
or ten hours2 then salt it all over1 and
 turn it again in the vat1 and let it   

stand in the press fourteen or sixteen  
hours1 observing to put the cheese last 
made undermost4 ,before putting them the
 last time into the vat1 pare the edges 
if they do not look smooth4 ,the vat    
should have holes at the sides and at   
bottom1 to let all the whey pass        
through2 put on clean boards1 and change
 and scald them4   #edf4 ,,to ,,preserve
 ,,cheese ,,sound  ,wash in a warm whey1
 when you have any1 wipe it once a      
month1 and keep it on a rack4 ,if you   
want to ripen it1 a damp cellar will    
bring it forward4 ,when a whole cheese  
is cut1 the larger quantity should be   
spread with butter inside1 and the      
outside wiped to preserve it4 ,to keep  
those in daily use moist1 let a clean   
cloth be wrung out from cold water1 and 
wrapt round them when carried from the  
table4   #edg4 ,,to ,,make ,,cream      
,,cheese  ,put #e quarts of strippings1 
that is1 the last of the milking1 into a
 pan1 with #b spoonsful of rennet4 ,when
 the curd is come1 strike it down two or

 three times with the skimming-dish1    
just to break it2 let it stand two      
hours1 then spread a cheese-cloth on a  
sieve1 put the curd on it1 and let the  
whey drain2 break the curd a little with
 your hand1 and put it into a vat with a
 #b lb weight upon it2 let it stand     
twelve hours1 take it out1 and bind a   
fillet round2 turn every day till dry1  
from one board to another1 cover them   
with nettles or clean dock leaves1 and  
put between two pewter-plates to ripen4 
,if the weather be warm1 it will be     
ready in three weeks4   #edh4 ,,elegant 
,,and ,,ingenious ,,arts1 c4            
,accomplishments4--,these are very      
desirable for the household1 because the
 inmates are made happier by refined and
 ingenious arts and pursuits1 and are   
fitted to improve the taste of others4  
,children and young persons1 of both    
sexes1 should learn as many of these    
arts as they possibly can without       
neglecting duties4 ,pleasant modes of   
employing leisure hours save people from

 many temptations1 and add much to the  
happiness of life4   #edi4 ,,grecian    
,,painting  ,grecian painting is the art
 of imitating oil paintings4 ,this truly
 beautiful imitation1 if well done1 is  
so perfect that none save connoisseurs  
can discern1 at sight1 the difference4  
,engravings best suited to this style of
 painting are mezzotint or aquatint1    
though fine lithographs are used4  ,rule
 ,first4--,procure a frame one inch     
longer than the engraved part of the    
print4 ,second4--,cut the engraving the 
size of the frame1 then make a stiff    
paste1 and spread thickly on the frame4 
,third4--,place the engraving face down 
and sponge it gently with water2 then   
press the frame firmly and evenly down  
on2 leave it till entirely dry 7not by  
the fire7 and it will become even and   
tight4  ,to make the ,grecian           
,varnish4--,take one part turpentine1   
two parts alcohol1 7#ij proof17 three   
parts balsam of fir1 and mix4  ,to use  
the ,varnish4--,pour sufficient spirits 

of turpentine on the back of the picture
 to moisten it well1 then put on the    
varnish and rub it ,,thoroughly with a  
stiff brush1 and continue to apply it   
until the picture is perfectly          
transparent4  ,spots4--,leave the       
picture for twenty-four hours1 after    
which if white spots appear1 showing    
that the varnish has not been effectual1
 repeat the process4 ,sometimes it has  
to be done several times4               
,drying4--,place the picture1 face      
downward1 where it will be free from    
dust1 and leave it three or four days4  
,paints4--,these are put on the back of 
the engraving4  ,eyes4--,for blue eyes1 
permanent blue and white2 for hazel     
eyes1 yellow ochre and vandyke brown4   
,flesh ,tints4--,flake white1 with a    
very little vermillion and ,naples      
yellow4  ,foliages4--,chrome yellow and 
,prussian blue1 with any of the browns4 
,sky4--,clouds touched in with white2   
the rest permanent blue and white4      
,water4--,the light parts with white1   

the rest the same as the sky4 ,if a     
bright scene1 and with trees1 of a      
greenish brown4  ,hair and              
,eyebrows4--,yellow ochre and vandyke   
brown1 or raw sienna4                   
,backgrounds4--,the most agreeable tint 
is a greenish brown4  ,white            
,background4--,flake and silver white4  
,buff ,background4--,naples yellow4     
,orange ,background4--,chrome yellow1   
with vermillion4  ,blue                 
,background4--,flake white and ,prussian
 blue4  ,gray ,background4--,white1     
,prussian blue1 and vermillion4  ,pink  
,background4--,white and vermillion4    
,crimson ,background4--,vermillion and  
white1 with carmine4  ,green            
,background4--,chrome yellow and        
,prussian blue4  ,paints for the front  
of the picture4--,drying oil must be    
used with all the colours on the front4 
,shading for the flesh on the           
front4--,carmine and vandyke brown laid 
on lightly1 and the edges touched off   
with the finger4  ,cheeks4--,carmine2   

soften the edges carefully4             
,lips4--,carmine1 with a touch of       
vermilion4  ,hair and                   
,eyebrows4--,yellow lake and vandyke    
brown4  ,draperies4--,these are always  
painted on the back1 and shaded on the  
front with vandyke brown4               
,backgrounds4--,if plain1 glaze with    
yellow lake4  ,foliages4--,yellow lake  
and vandyke brown4  ,general            
,directions4--,first4--,lay the paint   
thickly on the back1 and be careful to  
cover every part1 but not to go over the
 edges4 ,second4--,when the painting is 
finished let it dry four days1 and then 
cover the front with a coat of mastic   
varnish4  ,materials required are a     
palette1 palette-knife1 flat varnish    
brush1 three sizes of bristle brushes1  
three sizes of table brushes1 drying    
oil1 mastic varnish1 spirits of         
turpentine1 ,grecian varnish4  ,colours 
used are oil colours in tubes4 ,those   
generally needed are silver white1      
,naples yellow1 yellow ochre1 brilliant 

yellow1 vermilion1 ,prussian blue1 raw  
sienna1 ivory black1 carmine1 yellow    
lake1 vandyke brown4  ,if economy is an 
object1 some of the above-mentioned     
materials can be dispensed with4   #eej4
 ,,diaphanie  ,this is a beautiful1     
useful1 and inexpensive art1 easily     
acquired1 and producing imitation of the
 richest and rarest stained glass2 and  
also of making blinds1 screens1         
skylights1 ,chinese lanterns1 c41 in    
every variety of colour and design4 ,in 
decorating his house1 a gentleman spends
 as much money as he can conveniently   
spare2 the elegancies and refinements of
 modern taste demand something more than
 mere comfort2 yet though his walls are 
hung with pictures1 his drawing-room    
filled with bijouterie1 how is it that  
the windows of his hall1 his library1   
his staircase1 are neglected8 ,the      
reason is obvious4 ,the magnificent     
historical glass might be envied1 but   
could not be brought within the compass 
of ordinary means4 ,recent improvements 

in printing in colours led the way to   
this beautiful invention1 by which      
economy is combined with the most       
perfect results4 ,a peculiar kind of    
paper is rendered perfectly transparent1
 upon which designs are printed in glass
 colours1 7vitro de couleurs17 which    
will not change with the light4 ,the    
paper is applied to the glass with a    
clear white varnish1 and when dry1 a    
preparation is finally applied1 which   
increases the transparency1 and adds    
tenfold brilliancy to the effect4 ,there
 is another design1 printed in imitation
 of the half-light 7abatiour27 this is  
used principally for a ground1 covering 
the whole surface of the glass1 within  
which 7the necessary spaces having been 
previously cut out before it is stuck on
 the glass17 are placed medallion       
centres of ,watteau figures1 perfectly  
transparent1 which derive increased     
brilliancy from the semi-transparency of
 the surrounding country4 ,to ascertain 
the quantity of designs required1       

measure your glass carefully1 and then  
calculate how many sheets it will take4 
,the sheets are arranged so that they   
can be joined together continuously1 or 
cut to any size or shape4  ,practical   
,instructions4--,choose a fine day for  
the operation1 as the glass should be   
perfectly dry and unaffected by the     
humidity of the atmosphere4 ,of course1 
if you have a choice1 it is more        
convenient to work on your glass before 
it is fixed in the frame4 ,if you are   
working on a piece of unattached glass1 
lay it on a flat table1 7a marble slab  
is preferable17 over which you must     
previously lay a piece of baize of cloth
 to keep the glass steady4 ,the glass   
being thus fixed1 clean and polish the  
side on which you intend to operate1 7in
 windows this is the inner side17 then  
with your brush lay on it very equably a
 good coat of the prepared varnish2 let 
this dry for an hour1 more or less1     
according to the dryness of the         
atmosphere and the thickness of the coat

 of varnish4 ,meantime cut and trim your
 designs carefully to fit the glass1 7if
 it is one entire transparent sheet you 
will find it little trouble27 then lay  
them on a piece of paper1 face          
downwards1 and damp the back of them    
with a sponge1 applied several times1 to
 equalise the moisture4 ,after this     
operation1 arrange your time so that    
your designs may now be finally left to 
dry for fifteen minutes before          
application to the glass1 the varnish on
 which has now become tacky or sticky1  
and in a proper state to receive them4  
,apply the printed side next to the     
glass without pressure2 endeavour to let
 your sheet fall perfectly level and    
smooth on your glass so that you may    
avoid leaving creases1 which would be   
fatal4 ,take now your palette1 lay it   
flat on the design1 and press out all   
the air bubbles1 commencing in the      
centre1 and working them out from the   
sides2 an ivory stick will be found     
useful in removing creases2 you now     

leave this to dry1 and after twenty-four
 hours apply a slight coat of the       
liqueur diaphane1 leaving it another    
day1 when if dry1 apply a second coat of
 the same kind1 which must be left      
several days3 finally1 apply a coat of  
varnish over all4 ,if these directions  
are carefully followed1 your glass will 
never be affected by time or by any     
variations in the weather3 it will defy 
hail1 rain1 frost and dust1 and can be  
washed the same as any ordinary stained 
glass1 to which1 in some respects1 it is
 even superior4 ,it is impossible to    
enumerate the variety of articles to the
 manufacture of which diaphanie may be  
successfully applied as it is not       
confined to glass1 but can be done on   
silk1 parchment1 paper1 linen1 c41 after
 they have been made transparent1 which 
may be accomplished in the following    
manner3-- stretch your paper1 or        
whatever it may be1 on a frame or       
drawing board1 then apply two successive
 coats 7a day between each17 of         

diaphanous liquor1 and after leaving it 
to dry for several days1 cover it with a
 thin layer of very clear size1 and when
 dry it will be in a fit state to       
receive the coat of varnish and the     
designs4 ,silk1 linen1 or other stuffs1 
should be more carefully stretched1 and 
receive a thicker coat of size than     
paper or parchment2 the latter may be   
strained on a drawing or any other      
smooth board1 by damping the sheet1 and 
after pasting the edges1 stretching it  
down while damp4 ,silk1 linen1 or other 
stuffs require to be carefully stretched
 on a knitting or other suitable frame4 
,take great care to allow1 whatever you 
use1 time to dry before applying the    
liqueur diaphane4 ,all kinds of screens1
 lamp-shades1 and glasses1 lanterns1 c41
 c41 may be made in this way1 as heat   
will produce no effect upon them4 ,the  
transparent pictures are successful1    
because they may be hung on a window    
frame or removed at will1 and the window
 blinds are far superior to any thing of

 that kind that have yet been seen4     
,instead of steeping the designs in the 
transparent liquor at the time of       
printing them1 which was previously done
 in order to show their transparency to 
the purchaser1 but which was practically
 objectionable1 as the paper in that    
state was brittle1 and devoid of        
pliancy1 necessitating also the use of a
 peculiarly difficult vehicle to manage 
7varnish7 in applying it to the glass1  
the manufacturer now prepares his paper 
differently1 in order to allow the use  
of parchment size in sticking them on   
the glass4 ,the liqueur diaphane1 which 
is finally applied1 renders them        
perfectly transparent4 ,in this mode of 
operation1 no delay is requisite1 the   
designs being applied to the glass      
immediately after laying on the size1   
taking care to press out all the air    
bubbles1 for which purpose a roller will
 be found indispensable4 ,the designs   
should be damped before the size is     
applied to them4 ,we are of opinion that

 this art may be applied to the         
production of magic-lantern slides1     
dissolving views1 and dioramic effects2 
though we are not aware whether such    
experiments have been tried4   #eea4    
,,water-,,colours ,,used ,,in ,,drawing 
,indian ,ink4--,the best is stamped with
 ,chinese characters1 breaks with a     
glossy fracture1 and feels smooth when  
rubbed on the plate4  ,hair ,pencils are
 made of camel's-hair2 if they come to a
 point1 when moistened1 without         
splitting1 they are good4  ,drawing     
,paper4--,that made without any wire    
marks1 and called wove paper1 is the    
best2 it is made of various sizes and   
thicknesses4  ,to make a good           
white4--,clarify white lead with        
white-wine vinegar4 ,after the powder   
has settled1 pour off the vinegar1 put  
the powder into a glass of water1 stir  
it1 and pour the water off while it is  
white into another glass2 when it is    
settled1 pour off the water1 and an     
excellent white will be obtained4 ,to   

this add gum enough to give it a gloss4 
#eeb4 ,,directions ,,for ,,mixed        
,,colours  ,ash ,colour4--,ceruse white1
 ,keating's black and white1 shaded with
 cherry-stone black4  ,bay4--,lake and  
flake white1 shaded with carmine2 bistre
 and vermilion shaded with black4       
,changeable ,silk4--,red lead and       
masticot water1 shaded with sap-green   
and verdigris4  ,another4--,lake and    
yellow1 shaded with lake and ,prussian  
blue4  ,cloud ,colour4--,light masticot1
 or lake and white1 shaded with blue    
verditer4  ,another4--,constant white   
and ,indian ink1 and a little vermilion4
  ,another4--,white1 with a little lake 
and blue verditer1 make a good cloud    
colour for that part next the horizon4  
,crimson4--,lake and white1 with a      
little vermilion1 shaded with lake and  
carmine4  ,flame ,colour4--,vermilion   
and orpiment1 heightened with white4    
,another4--,gamboge1 shaded with minium 
and red lead4  ,flesh ,colour4--,ceruse1
 red lead1 and lake1 for a swarthy      

complexion1 and yellow ochre4           
,another4--,constant white and a little 
carmine1 shaded with ,spanish liquorice 
washed with carmine4  ,french           
,green4--,light pink and ,dutch bice1   
shaded with green pink4  ,glass         
,grey4--,ceruse1 with a little blue of  
any kind4  ,hair ,colour4--,masticot1   
ochre1 umber1 ceruse1 and cherry-stone  
black4  ,lead ,colour4--,indigo and     
white4  ,light ,blue4--,blue bice1      
heightened with flake white4            
,another4--,blue verditer1 and white of 
any sort1 well ground4  ,light          
,green4--,pink1 smalt1 and white4       
,another4--,blue verditer and gamboge4  
,another4--,gamboge and verdigris4 ,this
 is chiefly used for the ground colours 
of trees1 fields1 c4  ,lion             
,tawney4--,red lead and masticot1 shaded
 with umber4  ,murrey4--,lake and white 
lead4  ,orange4--,red lead and a little 
masticot1 shaded with umber4  ,orange   
,tawney4--,lake1 light pink1 a little   
masticot1 shaded with gall-stone and    

lake4  ,pearl ,colour4--,carmine1 a     
little white1 shaded with lake4         
,popinjay ,green4--,green and masticot2 
or pink and a little indigo1 shaded with
 indigo4  ,purple4--,indigo1 ,spanish   
brown1 and white2 or blue bice1 red and 
white lead2 or blue bice and lake4      
,russet4--,cherry-stone black and white4
  ,scarlet4--,red lead and lake1 with or
 without vermilion4  ,sea               
,green4--,bice1 pink and white1 shaded  
with pink4  ,sky ,colour4--,light       
masticot and white1 for the lowest and  
lightest parts2 second1 red ink and     
white2 third1 blue bice and white2      
fourth1 blue bice alone4 ,these are all 
to be softened into one another at the  
edges1 so as not to appear harsh4  ,sky 
,colour for ,drapery4--,blue bice and   
ceruse1 or ultramarine and white1 shaded
 with indigo4  ,straw                   
,colour4--,masticot and a very little   
lake1 shaded with ,dutch pink4  ,yellow 
,colour4--,indigo1 white1 and lake2 or  
fine ,dutch bice and lake1 shaded with  

,indigo2 or litmus smalt and bice1 the  
latter predominant4  ,water4--,blue and 
white1 shaded with blue1 and heightened 
with white4  ,to prevent ,colours from  
,cracking4--,boil #b ozs4 of the best   
and clearest glue1 with #a pint of clear
 water1 and a #a_/b oz4 of alum1 till   
dissolved4 ,with this temper those      
colours intended for the sky4  ,to make 
a ,solution of ,gum4--,dissolve #a oz4  
of white gum arabic1 and a #a_/b oz4 of 
double refined sugar1 in a quart of     
spring water2 strain it through a piece 
of muslin1 and bottle it to keep it free
 from dust4  ,to keep ,flies from the   
,work4--,having prepared the gum water  
for the colours1 add a little           
coloquintida4  ,to prepare ,alum        
,water4--,take #d ozs4 of alum1 and #a  
pint of spring water2 boil it till the  
alum is thoroughly dissolved1 and then  
filter it through blotting-paper4  ,to  
use ,alum ,water4--,before laying on the
 colours1 take some of this water1 hot1 
and with a sponge wet the back of the   

paper1 which1 if not good1 must be wet  
three or four times1 letting the paper  
dry each time before wetting it again4  
,this will prevent the sinking of the   
colours1 and give them additional       
lustre4  ,to make ,lime ,water4--,put   
unslacked lime in a well-glazed pan2    
cover it with pure water1 and let it    
remain for one day4 ,then strain off the
 water4 ,this water will change         
sap-green into blue4   #eec4 ,,to       
,,prepare ,,wash ,,colours ,,for ,,maps 
,blue4--,dilute ,saxon blue with water2 
or to the solution of litmus add        
distilled vinegar4  ,green4--,dissolve  
verdigris in distilled water and add gum
 arabic4 ,or1 dissolve sap-green in     
water and add gum4  ,red4--,steep       
,brazil dust in vinegar1 with alum4 ,or1
 dissolve litmus in water and add spirit
 of wine4 ,or1 steep cochineal in water1
 strain1 and add gum4                   
,yellow4--,dissolve gamboge in water2 or
 ,french berries steeped in water1 the  
liquor strained1 and gum arabic added4  

#eed4 ,,to ,,mix ,,water-,,colours ,,for
 ,,animals  ,horses1 black4--,black     
lightly laid on1 shaded with ,keating's 
black and bistre1 heightened with       
masticot4  ,horses1 chestnut            
brown4--,red ochre and black mixed      
together1 shaded with black1 heightened 
with red ochre and white4  ,horses1     
grey4--,black and white mixed1 shaded   
with black1 white1 and bistre2          
heightened with pure water4             
,lions4--,colour much in the same manner
 as horses1 adding lake in the ground   
colour4  ,bears4--,brown ochre1 red     
ochre1 and black1 mixed2 shaded with    
bistre and ivory black4                 
,wolves4--,spanish liquorice and black1 
shaded with black4  ,asses4--,black and 
white mixed2 or1 add a little brown     
ochre1 shaded with black4               
,elephants4--,black1 white1 and ,spanish
 liquorice1 mixed2 shaded with black and
 bistre2 the inner part of the nose1    
vermilion and white1 shaded with black4 
,monkeys4--,dutch pink and black1       

heightened with masticot and white3 the 
face1 black and bistre mixed1 as also   
their feet2 their bodies1 shaded        
underneath with black and pink mixed    
with a little brown ochre4   #eee4      
,,fruit ,,in ,,water-,,colours          
,apples4--,thin masticot mixed with     
verdigris1 shaded with brown ochre4     
,cherries4--,vermilion and lake1 shaded 
with carmine1 heightened with vermilion 
and white4  ,grapes1 blue4--,dark purple
 shaded with blue2 the bloom1 bice4     
,grapes1 white4--,verdigris and masticot
 mixed1 shaded with thin verdigris      
heightened with masticot and white4     
,peaches4--,thin masticot shaded with   
brown ochre2 the bloom1 lake heightened 
with white4  ,pears4--,masticot deepened
 and mellowed with brown ochre4         
,strawberries4--,white2 draw it over    
with vermilion and lake1 shaded with    
fine lake1 heightened with red lead and 
masticot mixed1 and then with white2    
stipple them with white and thin lead4  
#eef4 ,,to ,,paint ,,flowers            

,anemones4--,a thin wash of gamboge     
shaded with bistre2 or carmine and      
sap-green blended together4 ,the stripes
 carmine1 shaded with the same2 indigo  
in the darkest parts1 or stipple with   
it4  ,leaves4--,sap-green1 shaded with  
indigo and ,french berries2 the stalk   
brown4  ,honeysuckles4--,inside of the  
petals1 white shaded with sap-green1 or 
gamboge and bistre4  ,the insides are to
 be shown by curling the leaves back at 
the ends1 or by splitting them4  ,the   
outsides1 a thin wash of carmine and    
lake mixed1 shaded with carmine--indigo 
for the darkest shades4                 
,stalks4--,sap-green and carmine4       
,leaves4--,sap-green1 shaded with indigo
 and ,french berries4  ,roses4--,a light
 tint of pure carmine1 over which       
another equally light of ,peruvian blue2
 proceed with the darker shades of      
carmine of the best sort4 ,in the       
darkest part of the flower add a little 
indigo to give a roundness4 ,if the     
seeds are seen lay on gamboge1 shaded   

with gall-stone4  ,leaves4--,upper side1
 sap-green1 shaded with indigo and      
,french berries mixed2 under-side1 white
 indigo and sap-green mixed1 shaded with
 the same4  ,stalks4--,sap-green and    
carmine1 shaded with indigo4            
,rose-buds4--,a pale wash of carmine1   
shaded with a stronger wash of the same4
  ,stalks and leaves1 sap-green with a  
slight wash of carmine4   #eeg4 ,,birds 
,,in ,,water-,,colours  ,eagles4--black 
and brown1 shaded with indigo2 feathers 
heightened by brown ochre and white2    
beak and claws saffron1 shaded with     
bistre2 eyes vermilion1 heightened with 
masticot or saffron1 shaded with        
vermilion4  ,geese4--,ceruse shaded with
 black2 legs1 black2 bill1 red4         
,owls4--,ochre mixed with white1 in     
different shades2 legs1 yellow ochre4   
,pheasants4--,white and black mixed2    
legs1 ,dutch pink1 shaded with black4   
,swans4--,white shaded with black2 the  
legs and bills black2 eyes yellow2 a    
ball in the midst4  ,turkeys4--,black1  

black and white mixed1 shaded off to a  
white underneath2 sprinkled and shaded  
with black4   #eeh4 ,,landscapes ,,in   
,,water-,,colours  ,sketch the outlines 
faintly with a black-lead pencil4 ,then 
colour4  ,colours4--,the most useful    
are3 lake1 burnt ochre1 gamboge1 indigo1
 light red1 sepia1 ,prussian blue1      
sienna1 and burnt umber4  ,the gray     
colour is made of burnt umber1 indigo1  
and lake2 each rubbed separately in a   
saucer1 and then mixed in a fourth      
saucer as to produce the exact colour--a
 warm gray4 ,this is thinned for the    
light tints1 as sky and distances4      
,deeper is to be used for the shadows   
and near parts1 softening with water    
till the exact effect is produced4      
,buildings are sometimes tinted with a  
mixture of lake and gamboge4 ,burnt     
ochre is also used4 ,the shadows have an
 excess of lake4  ,breadths of ,light   
are obtained by destroying the scattered
 lights with grays4  ,clouds are        
produced by a thin mixture of indigo and

 lake4 ,they should be tinted with      
sepia4 ,the lower or horizontal clouds  
are tinged with ultramarine4  ,figures  
are touched with lake and indigo4       
,force is acquired by adding sepia to   
indigo1 in the cold parts1 and sepia    
with lake to the glowing parts4  ,grass 
is washed with a mixture of burnt       
sienna1 indigo1 and gamboge2 that in    
shadow has more indigo4 ,grass and      
bushes may be brought out by a tint of  
gamboge2 distances may be heightened by 
lake4  ,hills1 retiring4--,tint the     
whole with weak blue2 then the nearer   
ones with indigo and lake2 add a little 
gamboge to the next1 keeping one        
subordinate to the other2 the most      
distant being lost in the aerial tints4 
,land1 distant4--,ultramarine and lake4 
,ground near is tinted with ochre4      
,road and ,paths4--,a mixture of lake1  
burnt umber1 and burnt sienna4 ,it may  
be tinted with ochre4  ,smoke4--,lake   
and indigo4  ,trees1                    
distant4--,ultramarine1 with a wash of  

indigo1 gamboge1 and burnt sienna1      
tinted with gray4 ,the middle trees have
 a thin wash of burnt sienna and        
gamboge4 ,nearer trees a wash of burnt  
sienna1 indigo1 and gamboge4 ,in the    
shadows more indigo is used4  ,opposing 
masses of trees are tinted with sepia   
and indigo4  ,windows4--,indigo and     
burnt umber4   #eei4 ,,potichomanie     
,this elegant accomplishment1 which has 
become so extremely popular and         
fashionable1 promises not only to       
supercede altogether many of those      
accomplishments which have hitherto     
absorbed the attention of our fair      
countrywomen1 but to rank among the fine
 arts4  ,advantages of this ,art4--,it  
possesses many advantages3 and the      
process is simple and easily acquired4  
,it is an exceedingly pleasing and      
interesting employment1 requiring no    
previous knowledge of drawing1 yet      
affording abundant space for the        
exercise of the most exquisite taste4   
,the time employed is richly repaid2 the

 results produced are of actual value2  
articles of ornament and domestic       
utility being produced1 in perfect      
imitation of the most beautiful ,chinese
 and ,japanese porcelain1 of ,sevres and
 ,dresden china1 and of every form that 
is usual in the productions of the      
,ceramic ,art4 ,it furnishes an         
inexhaustible and inexpensive source for
 the production of useful and elegant   
presents1 which will be carefully       
preserved as tokens of friendship1 and  
as proofs of the taste and talent of the
 giver4  ,articles necessary in the ,art
 of ,potichomanie4--,glass vases1       
7,potiches en verre17 of shapes suitable
 to the different orders of ,chinese1   
,japanese1 ,etruscan1 and ,french       
porcelain1 ,alumettes1 c42 cups1 plates1
 c41 c41 of ,sevres and ,dresden design4
 ,sheets of coloured drawings or prints1
 characteristic representations of the  
designs or decorations suitable to every
 kind of porcelain and china4 ,a bottle 
of liquid gum1 and three or four        

hog-hair brushes4 ,a bottle of varnish1 
and very fine pointed scissors for      
cutting out4 ,an assortment of colours  
for the foundation1 in bottles4 ,a      
packet of gold powder1 and a glass      
vessel for diluting the colours4        
,directions4--,we will suppose the      
object selected for imitation to be a   
,chinese vase4 ,after providing yourself
 with a plain glass vase1 of the proper 
shape1 you take your sheets of coloured 
prints on which are depicted subjects   
characteristic of that peculiar style4  
,from these sheets you can select a     
great variety of designs1 of the most   
varied character1 on the arrangement and
 grouping of which you can exercise your
 own taste4 ,after you have fully       
decided upon the arrangement of your    
drawings1 cut them out accurately with a
 pair of scissors1 then apply some      
liquid gum carefully over the coloured  
side of the drawings1 and stick them on 
the inside of the vase1 according to    
your own previous arrangement--pressing 

them down till they adhere closely1     
without any bubbles of air appearing    
between the glass and the drawings4     
,when the drawings have had sufficient  
time to dry1 take a fine brush and cover
 every part of them 7without touching   
the glass7 with a coat of parchment size
 or liquid gum1 which prevents the oil  
colour 7which is next applied7 from     
sinking into or becoming absorbed by the
 paper4 ,when the interior of the vase  
is perfectly dry1 and any particles of  
gum size that may have been left on the 
glass have been removed1 your vase is   
ready for the final and most important  
process4 ,you have now to tint the whole
 of the vase with a proper colour to    
give it the appearance of porcelain2 for
 up to this time1 you will recollect1 it
 is but a glass vase1 with a few        
coloured prints stuck thereon4 ,select  
from your stock of prepared colours1 in 
bottles1 the tint most appropriate to   
the kind of china you are imitating1 7as
 we are now supposed to be making a     

,chinese vase1 it will be of a greenish 
hue17 mix fully sufficient colour in a  
glass vessel1 then pour the whole into  
the vase4 ,take now your vase in both   
hands1 and turn it round continually in 
the same direction1 until the colour is 
equally spread over the whole of the    
interior3 when this is satisfactorily   
accomplished1 pour back the remainder4  
,if the prepared colour is too thick1   
add a little varnish to the mixture     
before applying it4 ,if preferred1 the  
colour may be laid on with a soft brush4
 ,should the vase be intended to hold   
water1 the interior must be well        
varnished after the above operations1 or
 lined with zinc or tin foil4 ,if the   
potichomanist wishes to decorate the    
mouth of his vase with a gold border1 he
 can do so by mixing some gold powder in
 a few drops of the essence of lavender 
and some varnish1 applying it on the    
vase with a fine brush2 or he can       
purchase gold bands1 already prepared   
for application1 in varied sheets1      

suitable to the potichomanie designs4   
,potichomanists have found the art      
capable of greater results than the mere
 imitation of porcelain vases1 by the   
introduction of glass panels 7previously
 decorated with beautiful flowers on a  
white ground7 into drawing-room doors1  
and also into walls which1 being panel  
papered1 offer opportunities of         
introducing centre pieces of the same   
character as the doors2 elegant chess   
and work-tables1 folding and            
cheval-screens1 panels for cabinets1    
chiffoniers and book-cases1 slabs for   
pier and console-tables1 glove-boxes1   
covers for books1 music1 albums1 c4 ,the
 most common cause of failure is1 that  
the drawings inside are not thoroughly  
pressed down4   #efj4 ,,colouring ,,for 
,,cheese  ,the colouring for cheese is1 
or at least should be1 ,spanish arnotto2
 but as soon as colouring became general
 in this country1 a colour of an        
adulterated kind was exposed for sale in
 almost every shop2 the weight of a     

guinea and a half of real ,spanish      
arnotto is sufficient for a cheese of   
fifty pounds' weight4 ,if a considerable
 part of the cream of the night's milk  
be taken for butter1 more colouring will
 be requisite4 ,the leaner the cheese   
is1 the more colouring it requires4 ,the
 manner of using arnotto is to tie up1  
in a linen rag1 the quantity deemed     
sufficient1 and put into half a pint of 
warm water over night4 ,this infusion is
 put into the tub of milk1 in the       
morning1 with the rennet infusion2      
dipping the rag into the milk1 and      
rubbing it against the palm of the hand 
as long as any colour runs out4   #efa4 
,,to ,,sharpen ,,edge ,,tools  ,take    
equal parts of flour of emery and       
crocus2 make into a paste with sweet    
oil2 have now a piece of buck-skin1     
7hemlock tan17 tack it by each end on a 
piece of board1 with the grain          
uppermost2 then on this spread a little 
of the paste1 and sharpen your tools on 
it4 ,you will1 indeed1 be astonished at 

the effect4 ,try it4   #efb4 ,,blue     
,,composition ,,for ,,dyeing  ,take     
equal parts of vitriol and indigo2      
powder them very finely1 separately1 and
 mix4   #efc4 ,,to ,,gild ,,letters ,,on
 ,,vellum ,,or ,,paper  ,letters written
 on vellum or paper are gilded in three 
ways2 in the first1 a little size is    
mixed with the ink1 and the letters are 
written as usual2 when they are dry1 a  
slight degree of stickiness is produced 
by breathing on them1 upon which the    
gold leaf is immediately applied1 and by
 a little pressure may be made to adhere
 with sufficient firmness4 ,in the      
second method1 some white lead of chalk 
is ground up with strong size1 and the  
letters are made with this by means of a
 brush2 when the mixture is almost dry1 
the gold leaf may be laid on1 and       
afterwards burnished4 ,the last method  
is to mix up some gold powder with size1
 and make the letters of this by means  
of a brush4   #efd4 ,,to ,,preserve     
,,strawberry ,,plants  ,sir ,joseph     

,banks1 from a variety of experiments1  
and the experience of many years1       
recommends a general revival of the now 
almost obsolete practice of laying straw
 under strawberry plants1 when the fruit
 begins to swell2 by which means the    
roots are shaded from the sun1 the waste
 of moisture by evaporation prevented1  
the leaning fruit kept from damage by   
resting on the ground1 particularly in  
wet weather1 and much labour in watering
 saved4 ,twenty trusses of long straw   
are sufficient for #ahjj feet of plants4
   #efe4 ,,management ,,of ,,strawberry 
,,plants  ,on the management of         
strawberries in ,june and ,july1 the    
future prosperity of them greatly       
depends2 and if each plant has not been 
kept separate1 by cutting off the       
runners1 they will be in a state of     
confusion1 and you will find three      
different sorts of plants4 #a4 ,old     
plants1 whose roots are turned black1   
hard1 and woody4 #b4 ,young plants1 not 
strong enough to flower4 #c4 ,flowering 

plants1 which ought only to be there1   
and perhaps not many of them4 ,before   
the time of flowering is quite over1    
examine them1 and pull up every old     
plant which has not flowered2 for1 if   
once they have omitted to flower1 you   
may depend upon it they never will      
produce any after1 being too old1 and   
past bearing2 but to be fully convinced1
 leave two or three1 set a stick to     
them1 and observe them the next year4   
,if the young plants1 runners of last   
year1 be too thick1 take some of them   
away1 and do not leave them nearer than 
a foot of the scarlet1 alpines1 and     
wood1 and fifteen or sixteen inches of  
all the larger sorts2 and in the first  
rainy weather in ,july or ,august1 take 
them all up1 and make a fresh plantation
 with them1 and they will be very strong
 plants for flowering next year4 ,old   
beds1 even if the plants be kept single 
at their proper distance1 examine1 and  
pull all the old plants which have not  
flowered4 ,when the fruit is nearly all 

gathered1 examine them again1 and cut   
off the runners2 but if you want to make
 a fresh plantation1 leave some of the  
two first1 and cut off all the rest4    
,then stir up the ground with a trowel1 
or three-pronged fork1 and in ,august   
they will be fit to transplant4 ,if you 
have omitted in ,july1 do not fail in   
,august1 that the runners may make good 
roots1 to be transplanted in ,september2
 for1 if later1 the worms will draw them
 out of the ground1 and the frost       
afterwards will prevent them from       
striking root2 the consequence of which 
is1 their not flowering the next spring2
 and you will lose a year4   #eff4 ,,the
 ,,language ,,of ,,flowers  ,what each  
flower enumerated1 signifies1 when sent 
to a friend or lover4    ,almond1       
flowering--,concealed love4   ,althea1  
,frutex--,i am deeply in love4          
,amaranth--,immortality1 or piety4      
,anemone--,fading hope4                 
,arbor-,vitae--,unchanging friendship4  
,auricula1 ,scarlet--,pride4 ,you are   

proud4   ,bachelor's button--,hope in   
love4   ,balm--,i long for your society4
   ,balsamine--,impatience2 or1 pray    
come4   ,bay ,leaf--,i change but in    
dying4   ,box--,i believe in your       
constancy4   ,buttercup--,riches4 ,you  
are rich4   ,calla                      
,ethiopica--,magnificent beauty4        
,carnation--,pride and ,beauty4         
,camelia ,japonica--,surpassing         
excellence4   ,cedar--,think of me4     
,china ,aster--,caprice4                
,cypress--,despair1 and without hope4   
,dahlia--,dignity--,i will sustain it4  
,daisy--,youthful beauty4               
,dandelion--,coquetry1 ,i accuse you of4
   ,eglantine--,i wound to heal4        
,forget-me-not--,true love for ever4    
,fox-glove--,insincerity4 ,you are      
false4   ,geranium--,gentility and      
elegance4   ,gilly-,flower--,thou art   
fair4   ,golden ,rod--,encouragement4   
,you will succeed4                      
,grass--,submission4   ,heart's         
,ease--,love in idleness4               

,heliotrope--,devotion4 ,let us pray for
 each other4   ,hellebore--,calumny4    
,you have listened4                     
,hollyhock--,ambition4 ,i seek glory4   
,honeysuckle--,dost thou love me8       
,houstonia--,content ever with thee4    
,hyacinth1 ,purple--,sorrow4 ,i am sad4 
,hydrangea--,heartlessness4             
,ivy--,wedded ,love4 ,we are happy4     
,jasmine1 ,white--,i desire a return of 
my affection4   ,larkspur--,haughtiness4
   ,laurel--,ambition4 ,i will win4     
,laurustinus--,a token4 ,pray remember4 
,lavender--,acknowledgment4             
,lilac--,fastidiousness4   ,lily1       
,white--,purity and beauty4             
,magnolia--,you are beautiful4          
,marigold--,jealousy--,i have cause4    
,mignionette--,i live for thee4         
,moss--,patience1 or pray wait4         
,oak-,leaf--,courage4 ,i will endure4   
,passion-,flower--,piety4 ,trust in     
,god4   ,periwinkle--,memory4 ,never    
forget4   ,pink--,household love4 ,i am 
at home4   ,poppy--,forgetfulness4      

,primrose--,neglected merit4            
,rose--,love1 or ,i love you4           
,rue--,disdain4 ,go3 never return4      
,saffron--,marriage--when8              
,snow-drop--,faithful in adversity4     
,thyme--,thriftiness4 ,i am diligent4   
,tulip--,beautiful eyes4 ,look on me4   
,violet--,i dream of thee4              
,willow--,forsaken--never more4         
,wheat--,prosperity--,i wish thee4      
,yew--,penitence4 ,i am sorry4   #efg4  
,,french ,,polish ,,for ,,boots1 c4     
,logwood chips1 half a pound2 glue1     
quarter of an ounce2 soft soap1 quarter 
of an ounce2 isinglass1 quarter of an   
ounce2 boil these ingredients in two    
pints of vinegar and one of water1      
during ten minutes after ebulition1 then
 strain the liquid4 ,when cold it is fit
 for use4 ,to apply the ,french polish1 
the dirt must be washed from the boots1 
c42 when these are quite dry1 the liquid
 polish is put on with a bit of sponge4 
#efh4 ,,an ,,illuminous ,,bottle  ,by   
putting a piece of phosphorus1 the size 

of a pea1 into a phial1 and adding      
boiling oil until the bottle is a third 
full1 a luminous bottle is formed2 for1 
on taking out the cork1 to admit        
atmospheric air1 the empty space in the 
bottle will become luminous4 ,whenever  
the stopper is taken out in the night1  
sufficient light will be evolved to show
 the hour upon a watch2 and if care be  
taken to keep it in general well closed1
 it will preserve its illuminative power
 for several months4   #efi4 ,,chinese  
,,method ,,of ,,mending ,,china  ,take a
 piece of flint-glass1 beat it to a fine
 powder1 and grind it well with the     
white of an egg1 and it joins china     
without riveting1 so that no art can    
break it in the same place4 ,you are to 
observe1 that the composition is to be  
ground extremely fine4   #egj4 ,,to     
,,make ,,stilton ,,cheese  ,take the    
night's cream1 and put it in the        
morning's new milk1 with the rennet2    
when the curd is come it is not to be   
broken1 as is done with other cheeses1  

but take it out with a soil dish all    
together1 and place it on a sieve to    
drain gradually1 and1 as it drains1 keep
 gradually pressing it1 till it becomes 
firm and dry2 then place it in a wooden 
hoop2 afterwards to be kept dry on      
boards1 turned frequently1 with         
cloth-binders round it1 which are to be 
tightened as occasion requires4 ,in some
 dairies the cheese1 after being taken  
out of the wooden hoop1 are bound tight 
round with a cloth1 which cloth is      
changed every day until the cheese      
becomes firm enough to support itself2  
after the cloth is taken away1 they are 
rubbed every day all over1 for two or   
three months1 with a brush2 and if the  
weather is damp or moist1 twice a day2  
and even before the cloth is taken off1 
the top and bottom are well rubbed every
 day4   #ega4 ,,to ,,preserve ,,beer    
,in a cask containing eighteen gallons  
of beer1 becoming vapid1 put a pint of  
ground malt1 suspended in a bag1 and    
close the bung perfectly2 the beer will 

be improved during the whole time of    
drawing it for use4   #egb4 ,,to        
,,recover ,,sour ,,beer  ,when beer has 
become sour1 put into the barrel some   
oyster-shells1 calcined to whiteness1 or
 a little fine chalk or whiting4 ,any of
 these will correct the acidity1 and    
make the beer brisk and sparkling2 but  
it cannot be kept long after these      
additions are made4   #egc4             
,,carvacrol--,,the ,,new ,,remedy ,,for 
,,tooth-,,ache  ,dr4 ,bushman gives 7in 
the ,medical ,times7 the following      
account of this new compound1 which1    
though well known in ,germany as a quick
 and effectual cure for one of the most 
worrying ills that flesh is heir to1 is 
now for the first time published in     
,england4 ,carvacrol is an oily liquid1 
with a strong taste and unpleasant odor4
 ,it may be made by the action of iodine
 on oil of caraway or on camphor4 ,a few
 drops applied on cotton wool 7to a     
decayed and painful tooth7 give         
immediate relief4 ,carvacrol much       

resembles creosote in appearance1 and is
 used in similar cases of tooth-ache1   
but its effect is much more speedy and  
certain4   #egd4 ,,camphor ,,cerate     
,,for ,,chapped ,,hands  ,the following 
receipt was given to the contributor by 
a maid of honour to ,queen ,victoria4   
,it is an excellent one4 ,scrape into an
 earthen vessel one ounce and a half of 
spermaceti and half an ounce of white   
wax2 add six drachms of pounded camphor1
 and four tablespoonsful of the best    
olive oil4 ,let it stand near the fire  
till it dissolves1 stirring it well when
 liquid4 ,before the hands are washed1  
rub them thoroughly with a little of the
 cerate1 then wash them as usual4       
,putting the cerate on before retiring  
answers very well4 ,this quantity costs 
about twenty-five cents1 and will last  
three winters4 ,the vessel it is kept in
 should be covered1 to prevent          
evaporation4   #ege4 ,,the ,,way ,,to   
,,wealth  ,the way to wealth1 says      
,doctor ,franklin1 is as plain as the   

way to market4  ,many men1 however1     
either miss the way1 or stumble and fall
 on the road4  ,fortune1 they say1 is a 
fickle dame--full of her freaks and     
caprices2 who blindly distributes her   
favours without the slightest           
discrimination4 ,so inconsistent1 so    
wavering is she represented1 that her   
most faithful votaries can place no     
reliance on her promises4               
,disappointment1 they tell us1 is the   
lot of those who make offerings to her  
shrine4 ,now1 all this is a vile slander
 upon the dear blind lady4  ,although   
wealth often appears the result of mere 
accident1 or a fortunate concurrence of 
favourable circumstances1 without any   
exertion of skill or foresight1 yet     
every man of sound health and unimpaired
 mind may become wealthy1 if he takes   
the proper steps4  ,foremost in the list
 of requisites1 are honesty and strict  
integrity in every transaction of life4 
,let a man have the reputation of being 
fair and upright in his dealings1 and he

 will possess the confidence of all who 
know him4  ,without these qualities1    
every other merit will prove unavailing4
 ,ask concerning a man1 ,is he active   
and capable8 ,yes4 ,industrious1        
temperate1 and regular in his habits8 ,o
 ,yes4 ,is he honest8 is he trustworthy8
 ,why1 as to that1 ,i am sorry to say   
that he is not to be trusted2 he wants  
watching2 he is a little tricky1 and    
will take an undue advantage1 if he can4
  ,then ,i will have nothing to do with 
him3 will be the invariable reply4      
,next1 let us consider the advantages of
 a cautious circumspection in our       
intercourse with the world4 ,slowness of
 belief1 and a proper distrust are      
essential to success4  ,the credulous   
and confiding are ever the dupes of     
knaves and impostors4 ,ask those who    
have lost their property how it         
happened1 and you will find in most     
cases it has been owing to misplaced    
confidence4  ,one has lost by endorsing2
 another by crediting2 another by false 

representatives2 all of which a little  
more foresight and a little more        
distrust would have prevented4  ,in the 
affairs of this world1 men are not saved
 by faith1 but by the want of it4       
,judge men by what they do1 not by what 
they say4 ,believe in looks rather than 
in words4  ,before trusting a man1      
before putting it in his power to cause 
you a loss1 possess yourself of every   
available information relative to him4  
,learn his history1 his habits1         
inclinations and propensities2 his      
reputation for honesty1 industry1       
frugality1 and punctuality2 his         
prospects1 resources1 supports1         
advantages and disadvantages2 his       
intentions and motives of action2 who   
are his friends and enemies1 and what   
are his good and bad qualities4  ,you   
may learn a man's good qualities and    
advantages from his friends--his bad    
qualities and disadvantages from his    
enemies4 ,make due allowance for        
exaggeration in both4  ,finally1 examine

 carefully before engaging in anything1 
and act with energy afterward4 ,have the
 hundred eyes of ,argus beforehand1 and 
the hundred hands of ,briarius          
afterward4   #egf4 ,,maxims ,,by ,,dr4  
,,franklin ,,on ,,the ,,way ,,to        
,,wealth  ,god helps those who help     
themselves4  ,many words won't fill a   
bushel4  ,sloth1 like rust1 consumes    
faster than labour wears4  ,the key     
often used is always bright4  ,dost thou
 love life8 ,then do not squander time1 
for that is the stuff life is made of4  
,the sleeping fox catches no poultry4   
,there will be time enough for sleep1 in
 the grave4  ,if time be of all things  
the most precious1 wasting time must be 
the greatest prodigality4  ,lost time is
 never found again4  ,what we call time 
enough1 always proves little enough4    
,sloth makes all things difficult1 but  
industry all easy4  ,he that riseth late
 must trot all day1 and shall scarce    
overtake his business at night4         
,laziness travels so slowly1 that       

poverty soon overtakes him4  ,drive thy 
business1 lest it drive thee4  ,early to
 bed and early to rise1 makes a man     
healthy1 wealthy and wise4  ,industry   
need not wish4  ,he that lives upon     
hope1 will die fasting4  ,there are no  
gains without pains4  ,help1 hands1 for 
,i have no lands4  ,he that hath a      
trade1 hath an estate1 and he that hath 
a calling1 hath an office of profit and 
honour2 but the trade must be worked at1
 and the calling well followed1 or      
neither will enable us to pay our taxes4
  ,the drone in the hive makes no honey4
  ,at the working man's house hunger    
looks in1 but does not enter4  ,industry
 pays debts1 but despair increaseth     
them4  ,diligence is the mother of good 
luck4  ,god gives all things to         
industry4  ,plough deep while sluggards 
sleep1 and you will have corn to sell   
and to keep4  ,one today is worth two   
tomorrow4  ,have you somewhat to do     
tomorrow1 do it today4  ,if you were a  
servant1 would you not be ashamed that a

 good master should catch you idle8     
,are you1 then1 your own master8 be     
ashamed to catch yourself idle4  ,the   
cat in gloves catches no mice4  ,light  
strokes fell great oaks4  ,by diligence 
and patience1 the mouse ate into the    
cable4  ,employ thy time well1 if thou  
meanest to gain leisure2 and since thou 
art not sure of a minute throw not away 
an hour4  ,a life of leisure and a life 
of laziness1 are two things4  ,troubles 
spring from idleness1 and grievous toils
 from needless ease4  ,many would live  
by their wits1 without labour1 but they 
break for want of stock4  ,industry     
gives comfort1 plenty1 and respect4     
,now ,i have a sheep1 and a cow1        
everybody bids me good-morrow4    ,i    
never saw an oft-removed tree1   ,nor   
yet an oft-removed family1   ,that      
throve so well as one that settled be4  
,three removes are as bad as a fire4    
,keep thy shop1 and thy shop will keep  
thee4  ,if you would have your business 
done1 go2 if not1 send4    ,he that by  

the plough would thrive1   himself must 
either hold or drive4  ,the eye of the  
master will do more work than both his  
hands4  ,want of care does us more      
damage than want of knowledge4  ,not to 
oversee workmen1 is to leave them your  
purse open4  ,in the affairs of the     
world1 men are saved not by faith1 but  
for the want of it4  ,learning is to the
 studious1 and riches to the careful1 as
 well as power to the bold1 and heaven  
to the virtuous4  ,if you would have a  
faithful servant1 and one that you like1
 serve yourself4  ,a little neglect may 
breed great mischief4    ,for want of a 
nail the shoe was lost2   ,for want of a
 shoe the horse was lost2   ,for want of
 a horse the rider was lost--   ,being  
overtaken and slain by the enemy4  ,if a
 man save not as he gets1 he may keep   
his nose to the grindstone all his life1
 and die not worth a groat4  ,a fat     
kitchen makes a lean will4    ,many     
estates are spent in the getting1       
since women for tea1 forsook spinning   

and knitting1   and men for punch1      
forsook hewing and splitting4  ,the     
,indians did not make ,spain rich1      
because her out-goes were greater than  
her incomes4  ,what maintains one vice  
would bring up two children4  ,many a   
little makes a mickle4  ,beware of      
little expenses2 a small leak will sink 
a great ship4  ,who dainties love1 shall
 beggars prove4  ,fools make feasts1 and
 wise men eat them4  ,buy what thou dost
 not need1 and ere long thou shalt sell 
thy necessaries4  ,at a great bargain   
pause awhile4  ,it is foolish to lay out
 money in the purchase of repentance4   
,wise men learn by another's harms1     
fools scarcely by their own4  ,silks and
 satins1 scarlet and velvets1 put out   
the kitchen fire4  ,a ploughman on his  
legs1 is higher than a gentleman on his 
knees4  ,always taking out of the meal  
tub1 and never putting in1 soon comes to
 the bottom4  ,when the well is dry we  
know the worth of water4  ,if you would 
know the value of money1 try to borrow4 

,fond pride of dress is sure a very     
curse4   ,ere fancy you consult1 consult
 your purse4  ,pride is as loud a beggar
 as want1 and a great deal more saucy4  
,vessels large may venture more1   but  
little boats should keep the shore4     
,pride that shines on vanity sups on    
contempt4  ,pride breakfasted with      
plenty1 dined with poverty1 and supped  
with infamy4    ,what is a butterfly8   
,at best   ,he's but a caterpillar      
dress'd2   ,the gaudy fop's his picture 
just4  ,the second vice is lying2 the   
first is running in debt4  ,lying rides 
upon debt's back4  ,it is hard for an   
empty bag to stand upright4  ,creditors 
have better memories than debtors4      
,creditors are a superstitious sect1    
great observers of set days and times4  
,the borrower is a slave to the lender1 
and the debtor to the creditor4    ,for 
age and want save while you may1   ,no  
morning sun lasts a whole day4    ,get  
what you can1 and what you get hold2    
',tis the stone that will turn all your 

lead into gold4  ,experience keeps a    
dear school2 but fools will learn in no 
other and scarce in that2 for we may    
give advice1 but we cannot give conduct4
  ,they that will not be counselled     
cannot be helped4  ,distrust and caution
 are the parents of security4  ,after   
feasts made1 the maker shakes his head4 
,there is neither honour nor gain got in
 dealing with a villain4  ,visits should
 be like a winter's day1 short4    ,a   
house without woman and firelight1   ,is
 like a body without soul or sprite4    
,light purse1 heavy heart4  ,ne'er take 
a wife till thou hast a house 7and a    
fire7 to put her in4  ,great talkers1   
little doers4  ,relation without        
friendship1 friendship without power1   
power without will1 will without effect1
 effect without profit1 and profit      
without virtue1 are not worth a         
farthing4  ,he has changed his one-eyed 
horse for a blind one4   ,there was no  
entry for receipt no4 #egg in the       
original4   #egh4 ,,excellent ,,paste   

,excellent paste for fruit or meat pies 
may be made with two-thirds of wheat    
flower1 one-third of the flour of boiled
 potatoes1 and some butter or dripping2 
the whole being brought to a proper     
consistence with warm water1 and a small
 quantity of yeast added when lightness 
is desired4 ,this will also make very   
pleasant cakes for breakfast1 and may be
 made with or without spices1 fruit1 c4 
,picnic ,biscuits4--,take two ounces of 
fresh butter1 and well work it with a   
pound of flour4 ,mix thoroughly with it 
half a salt-spoonful of pure carbonate  
of soda2 two ounces of sugar2 mingle    
thoroughly with the flour2 make up the  
paste with spoonsful of milk--it will   
require scarcely a quarter of a pint4   
,knead smooth1 roll a quarter of an inch
 thick1 cut in rounds about the size of 
the top of a small wine-glass2 roll     
these out thin1 prick them well1 lay    
them on lightly floured tins1 and bake  
in a gentle oven until crisp2 when cold 
put into dry canisters4 ,thin cream used

 instead of milk1 in the paste1 will    
enrich the biscuits4 ,caraway seeds or  
ginger can be added1 to vary these at   
pleasure4   #egi4 ,,black ,,cake  ,beat 
separately the whites and yolks of three
 eggs4 ,mix half a pound of butter with 
one pound of flour1 one tumbler of milk1
 one tumbler of molasses1 one pound of  
sugar4 ,then put in the eggs and one and
 one-half teaspoonful of soda4 ,wine1   
currants1 raisins and citron to your    
taste4   #ehj4 ,,maize ,,cake  ,take six
 eggs1 a paper of ,oswego corn starch1  
one pound of loaf sugar1 half pound of  
butter1 half teacup of milk1 half a     
teaspoon of soda1 one teaspoon of cream 
of tartar1 the grated rind of the lemon2
 dissolve the soda in half the milk1 and
 add it the last thing4 ,bake in an oven
 as quick as you can make it without    
burning4 ,it is a very delicate cake to 
bake well4 ,use flat pans1 a little     
deeper than ,spanish bun pans1 and put  
paper over the top4   #eha4             
,,composition ,,cake  ,take three pounds

 of flour1 half pound of butter1 one and
 three- quarter pounds of sugar1 three  
eggs--beat the eggs--add half a pint of 
yeast to them1 half a pint of new milk1 
three spoonsful of rose- water1 and a   
little cinnamon and cloves2 put the     
butter in the flour and half the sugar1 
the other half mix with the eggs2 make a
 hole in the flour1 pour the ingredients
 into it2 set it to lighten in the      
morning by the fire2 after it is made   
out into rolls1 you may put it into     
tins1 and set it before the fire for an 
hour or two2 when sufficiently risen1   
bake it in rather a slow oven4   #ehb4  
,,ginger ,,biscuits ,,and ,,cakes  ,work
 into small crumbs three ounces of      
butter1 two pounds of flour1 add three  
ounces of powdered sugar and two of     
ginger1 in fine powder2 knead into a    
stiff paste1 with new milk1 roll thin1  
cut out with a cutter2 bake in a slow   
oven until crisp through2 keep of a pale
 colour4   #ehc4 ,,to ,,silver ,,iron   
,,with ,,silver ,,foil  ,this is the    

method now adopted all over ,canada and 
the ,united ,states for silvering iron  
for carriages1 cutters1 c4 ,you may get 
the silver foil1 7which is sometimes    
called silver plate17 of any thickness  
you please2 and by so doing1 have the   
iron plated either light or heavy4 ,if  
you get small iron rods plated they will
 cost you from four to five cents per   
inch3 you may do it yourself for        
one-quarter the price4  ,directions in  
full4--,first polish the iron you are   
about to plate1 then wet it with        
soldering fluid1 7receipt ,no4 #ba17    
then give it a coat of solder1 7receipt 
,no4 #bb27 this is done by laying a     
piece of solder on the iron1 and        
spreading it over with a heated         
soldering iron2 or it is sometimes done 
by having the solder melted1 and then   
dipping the iron to be silvered into it4
 ,after the iron is coated by either of 
these methods1 with solder1 some workmen
 propose to then place it in the fire   
for a few moments1 that the coating of  

solder may be thereby made smoother4    
,the next thing to be done is to dampen 
with soldering fluid1 then lay on your  
silver foil1 and rub it over with a     
soldering iron heated to such a degree  
as to melt the solder1 and thereby      
fasten the plate at once to the iron2 or
 rather to the solder on the iron2 or   
else as some workmen prefer1 have your  
soldering iron only hot enough to       
slightly stick the foil to the solder1  
and then place the article in the fire  
until the solder melts1 and thereby the 
foil becomes firmly united with the     
iron4 ,whichever of these methods you   
adopt1 as soon as the silver is united  
to the iron1 you must then at once      
proceed to polish it1 which is done by  
taking a piece of coarse cloth1 dipping 
it in whiting1 previously dampened with 
alcohol1 and rubbing it over the surface
 until it is well polished4 ,if at any  
time1 as sometimes will happen1 the     
plate of silver becomes stained so that 
you cannot polish it1 wet it with the   

fluid1 put another plate of silver foil 
over it1 and proceed to fasten it to the
 iron as you did with the first         
plate1then polish it with the whiting1  
c4 ,some merely spit on the whiting     
instead of dampening it with the        
alcohol1 but it is not so speedy a      
method4 ,a friend of mine prefers       
heating the iron1 then applying the     
soldering fluid1 then the coat of       
solder1 and then laying on the silver   
foil1 and pressing on by means of a     
cloth1 which he does by taking a piece  
of cloth about four inches wide and     
eight or ten inches long1 catching one  
end in each hand and pressing and       
rubbing it from side to side1 and round 
the article until the silver foil is    
firmly united1 and then polishing as    
mentioned above4 ,some prefer plating   
the iron first with tin foil1 then      
covering the tin with silver foil1 and  
it is a good plan4 ,a very good plan1 if
 it is plane work 7not carved7 you are  
doing1 is to take a piece of board one  

or two inches wide1 and six or eight    
inches long1 and lay it over the cloth  
you are polishing with1 which gives you 
a greater purchase4 ,i never knew this  
receipt to be sold for less than from   
#bd to #fj4    ,,to ,,all ,,who ,,have  
,,purchased ,,this ,,work  ,you are now 
in possession of about all the latest   
and most useful receipts that are in the
 country2 many of which are now being   
sold1 frequently1 for from #e to #aj and
 #bj each2 and if you will now be wise1 
do that which will be to your own       
interest1 allow no man to see this work1
 but keep the receipts profoundly       
secret1 except as you sell them4 ,you   
may dispose of enough of them1 written  
off1 every year you have the book1 to   
amount to twenty times the price of it4