,,all ,,?+s ,,are ,,possible ,,by ,,leo ,,%e/ov ,,au?oris$ ,,translation ,,by ,s4 ,s4 ,,koteliansky ,,) ,a ,,=eword ,,by ,d4 ,h4 ,,lawr5ce ,,london3 ,,m>t9 ,,seck] #aibj ,,note ,leo ,%e/ov is "o ( ! liv+ ,russians4 ,he is ab\t fifty ye>s old4 ,he 0 born at ,kiev1 & /udi$ at ! univ]sity !re4 ,8 fir/ book appe>$ 9 #ahih1 s9ce :i* ye> he has gradually ga9$ an assur$ position z "o ( ! be/ critics & essayi/s 9 ,russia4 ,a li/ ( 8 works is z foll[s3-- #ahih4 ,%akespe>e & 8 ,critic1 ,br&es4 #aijj4 ,good 9 ! ,tea*+ ( ,do/oevsky & ,nietzs*e3 ,philosophy & ,prea*+4 #aijc4 ,do/oevsky & ,nietzs*e3 ,! ,philosophy ( ,trag$y4 #aije4 ,! ,apo!osis ( ,gr\ndlessness 7"h translat$ "u ! title ,all ,?+s are ,possible74 #aijh4 ,beg9n+s & ,ends4 #aiab4 ,great ,vigils4 ,,=eword ,9 8 p>agraph on ,! ,russian ,_s1 ,%e/ov gives u ! real clue to ,russian lit]ature4 ,european culture is a rootless ?+ 9 ! ,russians4 ,) u1 x is our v blood & bones1 ! v n]ve & root ( our psy*e4 ,we ?9k 9 a c]ta9 fa%ion1 we feel 9 a c]ta9 fa%ion1 because our :ole sub/ance is ( ?is fa%ion4 ,our spee* & feel+ are organically inevitable to u4 ,) ! ,russians x is diff]5t4 ,!y h only be5 inoculat$ ) ! virus ( ,european culture & e?ic4 ,! virus works 9 !m l a disease4 ,& ! inflammation & irritation comes =? z lit]ature4 ,! bubbl+ & fizz+ is almo/ *emical1 n organic4 ,x is an organism see?+ z x accepts & ma/]s ! /range virus4 ,:at ! ,russian is /ruggl+ )1 cry+ out aga9/1 is n life itself3 x is only ,european culture :i* has be5 introduc$1 into 8 psy*e1 & :i* hurts him4 ,! trag$y is n s mu* a real s\l trag$y1 z a surgical "o4 ,russian art1 ,russian lit]ature aft] all does n /& on ! same foot+ z ,european or ,greek or ,egyptian art4 ,x is n spontane\s utt]ance4 ,x is n ! fl[]+ ( a race4 ,x is a surgical outcry1 horrify+1 or m>vell\s1 lac]at+ at fir/2 b :5 we get us$ to x1 n really s pr(\nd1 n really ultimate1 a little extrane\s4 ,:at is valuable1 is ! evid5ce aga9/ ,european culture1 impli$ 9 ! noveli/s1 "h at la/ express$4 ,s9ce ,pet] ! ,great ,russia has be5 accept+ ,europe1 & see?+ ,europe d[n 9 a curi\s process ( katabolism4 ,russia has be5 express+ no?+ inh]5tly ,russian4 ,russia's mod]n ,*ri/ianity ev5 0 n ,russian4 ,h] g5u9e ,*ri/ianity1 ,byzant9e & ,asiatic1 is incompreh5sible to u4 ,s ) h] true philosophy4 ,:at %e has actually utt]$ is h] own unwill+1 fanta/ic reproduction ( ,european tru?s4 ,:at %e has really to utt] ! com+ c5turies w he>4 ,= ,russia w c]ta9ly inh]it ! future4 ,:at we already call ! greatness ( ,russia is only h] pre-natal /ruggl+4 ,x seems z if %e _h at la/ absorb$ & ov]come ! virus ( old ,europe4 ,soon h] new1 heal?y body w beg9 to act 9 its own reality1 imitative no m1 prote/+ no m1 cry+ no m1 b full & s\nd & lu/y 9 itself4 ,real ,russia is born4 ,%e w laugh at u be=e long4 ,mean:ile %e goes ?r\gh ! la/ /ages ( reaction aga9/ u1 kick+ away f ! old womb ( ,europe4 ,9 ,%e/ov "o ( ! la/ kicks is giv54 ,true1 he seems to be only reaction>y & de/ructive4 ,b he c f9d a little amusem5t at la/ 9 tweak+ ! ,european nose1 s he is fairly free4 ,european idealism is ana!ma4 ,b m ?an ?is1 x is a little comical4 ,we feel ! new indep5d5ce 9 8 new1 half-amus$ indiff]5ce4 ,he is only tweak+ ! nose ( ,european idealism4 ,he is prea*+ no?+3 s he prote/s "t & aga94 ,he absolutely refutes any imputation ( a c5tral idea ,he is s afraid le/ x %\ld turn out to be ano!r hateful h$ge-/ake ( an ideal4 ,ev]y?+ is possible--?is is 8 really c5tral cry4 ,x is n nihilism4 ,x is only a %ak+ free ( ! human psy*e f old bonds4 ,! positive c5tral idea is t ! human psy*e1 or s\l1 really believes 9 itself1 & 9 no?+ else4 ,dress ?is up 9 a little comely language1 & we h a real new ideal1 t w la/ u = a new1 long epo*4 ,! human s\l itself is ! s\rce & well-head ( creative activity4 ,9 ! unconsci\s human s\l ! creative prompt+ issues fir/ into ! univ]se4 ,op5 ! consci\sness to ?is prompt+1 away ) all y\r old sluice-gates1 locks1 dams1 *annels4 ,no ideal on e>? is any?+ m ?an an ob/ruction1 9 ! end1 to ! creative issue ( ! spontane\s s\l4 ,away ) all ideals4 ,let ea* individual act spontane\sly f1 ! =ev]-incalculable prompt+ ( ! creative well-head )9 him4 ,!re is no univ]sal law4 ,ea* be+ is1 at 8 pure/1 a law unto himself1 s+le1 unique1 a ,godhead1 a f\nta9 f ! unkn[n4 ,?is is ! ideal :i* ,%e/ov refuses positively to /ate1 because he is afraid x may prove 9 ! end a trap to cat* 8 own free _s4 ,s x may4 ,b x is none ! less a real1 liv+ ideal = ! mom5t1 ! v salvation4 ,:5 x becomes anci5t1 & l ! old lion :o lay 9 8 cave & :9$1 dev\rs all its s]vants1 !n x c be despat*$4 ,mean:ile x is a really lib]at+ ^w4 ,%e/ov's /yle is puzzl+ at fir/4 ,hav+ f\nd ! &s & buts & becauses & !re=es hamp]$ him1 he clips !m all (f delib]ately & ev5 spitefully1 s t 8 ?\ght is l a man ) no buttons on 8 clo!s1 ludicr\sly hit*+ along all undone4 ,"o mu/ be amus$1 n irritat$4 ,:]e ! armholes 7 a bit tight1 ,%e/ov cuts a slit4 ,x is baffl+1 b really r piquant4 ,! real conjunction1 ! real unification lies 9 ! read]'s own amusem5t1 n 9 ! au?or's unbrok5 logic4 ,d4 ,h4 ,,lawr5ce4 ,,"p ,i ,zu fragm5t>is* i/ ,welt und ,leb54 ,h4 ,,he9e4 #a ,! obscure /reets ( life d n (f] ! conv5i5ces ( ! c5tral ?or\ghf>es3 no electric light1 no gas1 n ev5 a k]os5e lamp-bracket4 ,!re are no pavem5ts3 ! travell] has to fumble 8 way 9 ! d>k4 ,if he ne$s a light1 he mu/ wait = a ?und]bolt1 or else1 primitive-wise1 knock a sp>k out ( a /one4 ,9 a glimpse w appe> unfamili> outl9es2 & !n1 :at he has tak5 9 he mu/ try to rememb]1 no matt] :e!r ! impression 0 "r or false4 ,= he w n easily get ano!r light1 except he run 8 head aga9/ a wall1 & see sp>ks t way4 ,:at c a wret*$ p$e/rian ga!r "u su* circum/ances8 ,h[ c we expect a cle> acc\nt f him ^: curiosity 7let u suppose 8 curiosity s /rong7 l$ him to grope 8 way among ! outskirts ( life8 ,:y %\ld we try to comp>e 8 records ) ^? ( ! travell]s ?r\gh brilliant /reets8 #b ,! law ( sequ5ce 9 natural ph5om5a seems s plausible1 s obvi\s1 t "o is tempt$ to look = its orig91 n 9 ! realities ( actual life1 b 9 ! prompt+s ( ! human m9d4 ,?is law ( sequ5ce is ! mo/ my/]i\s ( all ! natural laws4 ,:y s mu* ord]8 ,:y n *aos & disord]l9ess8 ,really1 if ! hypo!sis ( sequ5ce _h n (f]$ su* blatant advantages to ! human intellig5ce1 man w\ld nev] h ?\ght ( rais+ x to ! rank ( et]nal & irrefutable tru?4 ,b he saw 8 opportunity4 ,?anks to ! gr& hypo!sis1 man is =ew>n$ & =e>m$4 ,?anks to ?is ma/]-key1 ! future is at 8 m]cy4 ,he kn[s1 9 ord] t he may =ekn[3 savoir p\r prvoir4 ,"h1 is man1 by virtue ( "o supreme assumption1 dictator h5ce=w>d ( all nature4 ,! philosoph]s h ev] b[$ ! knee to success4 ,s d[n !y w5t be=e ! newly-inv5t$ law ( natural sequ5ce1 !y hail$ x ) ! title ( et]nal tru?4 ,b ev5 ?is seem$ insuffici5t4 ,l'apptit vi5t en mangeant4 ,l ! old woman 9 ! fairy-tale ab\t ! gold5 fi%1 !y _h x 9 _! m9ds t ! fi% %\ld d _! err&s4 ,b "s few p at la/ c\ld n /& ?is impud5ce4 ,"s v few began to object4444 #c ,! com=table settl$ man says to himself3 ,h[ c\ld1 "o live )\t be+ sure ( ! morr[2 h[ c\ld "o sleep )\t a ro( ov] "o's head8 ,b mis=tune turns him out ( h\se & home4 ,he mu/ p]=ce sleep "u a h$ge4 ,he _c re/1 he is full ( t]rors4 ,!re may be wild bea/s1 fell[-tramps4 ,b 9 ! long run he gets us$ to x4 ,he w tru/ himself to *ance1 live l a tramp1 & sleep 8 sleep 9 a dit*4 #d ,a writ]1 p>ticul>ly a "y & inexp]i5c$ writ]1 feels himself "u an obligation to give 8 read] ! fulle/ answ]s to all possible que/ions4 ,consci5ce w n let him %ut 8 eyes to torm5t+ problems1 & s he beg9s to speak ( fir/ & ultimate ?+s4 ,z he _c say any?+ pr(itable on su* subjects--= x is n ! bus9ess ( ! "y to be pr(\ndly philosophical--he gr[s excit$1 he %\ts himself to ho>s5ess4 ,9 ! end he is sil5t f exhau/ion4 ,& !n1 if 8 words h _h any success ) ! public1 he is a/oni%$ to f9d t he has become a prophet4 ,:]eupon1 if he be an av]age sort ( p]son1 he is fill$ ) an insatiable desire to pres]ve 8 influ5ce till ! end ( 8 days4 ,b if he be m s5sitive or gift$ ?an usual1 he beg9s to despise ! cr[d = its vulg> cr$ulity1 & himself = hav+ pos$ 9 ! /upid & disgraceful "* ( a cl[n ( l(ty ideas4 #e ,h[ pa9ful x is to read ,plato's acc\nt ( ! la/ conv]sations ( ,socrates6 ,! days1 ev5 ! h\rs ( ! old man are numb]$1 & yet he talks1 talks1 talks4444 ,crito comes to him 9 ! e>ly morn+ & tells him t ! sacr$ %ips w %ortly return to ,a!ns4 ,& at once ,socrates is ready to talk1 to argue4444 ,x is possible1 ( c\rse1 t ,plato is n altoge!r to be tru/$4 ,x is said t ,socrates obs]v$1 ( ! dialogues already writt5 d[n by ,plato4 ,h[ mu* t y\? has beli$ me6 ,b !n f all s\rces we h x1 t ,socrates sp5t ! mon? foll[+ 8 v]dict 9 incessant conv]sations ) 8 pupils & fri5ds4 ,t is :at x is to be a belov$ ma/]1 & to h disciples4 ,y c't ev5 die quietly4444 ,! be/ dea? is really ! "o :i* is consid]$ ! wor/3 to die alone1 9 a =eign l&1 9 a poor-h\se1 or1 z !y say1 l a dog "u a h$ge4 ,!n at lea/ "o may sp5d "o's la/ mom5ts hone/ly1 )\t dissembl+ or o/5tation1 prep>+ oneself = ! dreadful1 or wond]ful1 ev5t4 ,pascal1 z 8 si/] tells u1 also talk$ a great deal be=e 8 dea?1 & de ,musset cri$ l a baby4 ,p]haps ,socrates & ,pascal talk$ s mu*1 = fe> !y %\ld />t cry+4 ,x is a false %ame6 #f ,! fact t "s ideas1 or "s s]ies ( ideas1 are mat]ially unpr(itable to mank9d _c s]ve z a ju/ification = _! rejection4 ,once an idea is !re1 ! gates mu/ be op5$ to x4 ,= if y close ! gates1 ! ?\ght w =ce a way 91 or1 l ! fly 9 ! fable1 w sneak ?r\gh unaw>es4 ,ideas h no reg>d = our laws ( hon\r or morality4 ,take = example realism 9 lit]ature4 ,at its appe>ance x ar\s$ univ]sal indignation4 ,:y ne$ we "k ! dirt ( life8 ,& hone/ly1 !re is no ne$4 ,realism c\ld give no /raight=w>d ju/ification = itself4 ,b1 z x _h to come ?r\gh1 x 0 ready ) a lie2 x comp>$ itself to pa?ology1 call$ itself useful1 b5eficial1 & s obta9$ a place4 ,we c all see n[ t realism is n b5eficial1 b h>mful1 v h>mful1 & t x has no?+ 9 common ) pa?ology4 ,nev]!less1 x is no long] easy to drive x f its place4 ,! prohibition evad$1 !re is n[ ! ju/us titulus possessions4 #g ,c\nt ,tol/oy prea*$ inaction4 ,x seems he _h no ne$4 ,we inact rem>kably4 ,idl5ess1 j t idl5ess ,tol/oy dream$ (1 a free1 consci\s idl+ t despises lab\r1 ?is is "o ( ! *ief *>act]i/ics ( our "t4 ,( c\rse ,i speak ( ! high]1 cultur$ classes1 ! ari/ocracy ( _s--,we write books1 pa9t pictures1 compose symphonies--,b is t lab\r8 ,x is only ! amusem5t ( idl5ess4 ,,s t ,tol/oy is mu* m to ! po9t :51 =gett+ 8 prea*+ ( inaction1 he bids u trudge eight h\rs a day at ! tail ( ! pl\gh4 ,9 ?is !re is "s s5se4 ,idl5ess spoils u4 ,we 7 return+ to ! mo/ primitive ( all ! /ates ( our =efa!rs4 ,l p>adisal ,adam & ,eve1 hav+ no ne$ to sweat = our bread1 we 7 try+ to pilf] ! fruit f ! =bidd5 tree4 ,truly we receiv$ a simil> puni%m5t4 ,div9e laws are inscrutable4 ,9 ,p>adise ev]y?+ is p]mitt$1 except curiosity4 ,ev5 lab\r is all[$1 ?\gh x is n obligatory1 z x is outside4 ,tol/oy realis$ ! dang]s ( ! p>adisal /ate4 ,he /oop$ to talk ( inaction = a mom5t--& !n he began to "w4 ,s9ce 9 regul>1 smoo?1 con/ant1 rhy?mical lab\r1 :e!r x is effici5t or :e!r x m]ely appe>s effici5t1 l ,tol/oy's f>m+1 !re is peace ( m9d4 ,look at ! indu/ri\s ,g]mans1 :o beg9 & :o end _! day ) a pray]4 ,9 ,p>adise1 :]e !re is no lab\r1 & no ne$ = long re/ & heavy sleep1 all temptations become dang]\s4 ,x is a p]il to live !re4444 ,p]haps pres5t-day p es*ew ! p>adisal /ate4 ,!y pref] "w1 = :]e !re is no "w !re is no smoo?ness1 no regul>ity1 no peacefulness1 no satisfaction4 ,9 ,ed51 ev5 ! well-in=m$ individuals ,_c tell :at w come next1 savoir p\r prvoir does n answ]1 & ev]la/+ laws are expos$ to ridicule4 ,among/ ourselves also a few ( ! "w-abjurors1 ! idl]s1 are beg9n+ to "q our e/abli%$ k4 ,b ! majority ( m51 & p>ticul>ly ,g]mans1 /ill def5d a priori judgm5ts1 on ! gr\nd t )\t ^!1 p]fect k w\ld be impossible1 !re c\ld be no regulation ( ! c\rse ( natural ph5om5a1 & no look+ ahead4 #h ,to escape f ! grasp ( contempor>y rul+ ideas1 "o %\ld /udy hi/ory4 ,! lives ( o!r m5 9 o!r l&s 9 o!r ages tea* u to realise t our et]nal laws & infallible ideas are j abortions4 ,take a /ep fur!r1 imag9e mank9d liv+ else:]e ?an on ?is e>?1 & all our t]re/ial et]nalities lose _! *>m4 #i ,we "k no?+ ( ! ultimate realities ( our exi/5ce1 nor %all we ev] "k any?+4 ,let t be agre$4 ,b x does n foll[ t !re=e we mu/ accept "s or o!r dogmatic !ory z a modus viv5di1 no1 n ev5 positivism1 :i* has su* a sceptical face on x4 ,x only foll[s t man is free to *ange 8 conception ( ! univ]se z (t5 z he *anges 8 boots or 8 gloves1 & t con/ancy ( pr9ciple belongs only to "o's relation%ips ) o!r p1 9 ord] t !y may "k :]e & to :at ext5t !y may dep5d on u4 ,!re=e1 on pr9ciple man %\ld respect ord] 9 ! ext]nal _w & complete *aos 9 ! inn]4 ,& = ^? :o f9d x difficult to be> su* a duality1 "s int]nal ord] might also be provid$4 ,only1 !y %\ld n pride !mselves on x1 b always rememb] t x is a sign ( _! weakness1 pett9ess1 dullness4 #aj ,! ,py?agoreans assum$ t ! sun is motionless & t ! e>? turns r\nd4 ,:at a long "t ! tru? _h to wait = recognition6 #aa ,9 spite ( ,epicurus & 8 exasp]ation we are =c$ to admit t any?+ :atsoev] may result f any?+ :atsoev]4 ,:i* does n mean1 h[ev]1 t a /one ev] turn$ into bread1 or t our visible univ]se 0 ev] naturally =m$ f nebul\s puffs4 ,b f our own m9ds & our own exp]i5ce we c d$uce no?+ t w\ld s]ve u z a gr\nd = sett+ ev5 ! smalle/ limit to nature's own arbitr>y behavi\r4 ,if :atev] happ5s n[ _h *anc$ to happ5 q diff]5tly1 x w\ld n1 !re=e1 h seem$ any ! less natural to u4 ,9 o!r words1 al?\gh !re may be an elem5t ( inevitability 9 our human judgm5ts conc]n+ ! natural ph5om5a1 we h nev] be5 able & probably nev] %all be able to sep>ate ! gra9 ( inevitable f ! *aff ( accid5tal & casual tru?4 ,moreov]1 we d n ev5 "k :i* is m ess5tial & important1 ! inevitable or ! casual4 ,h5ce we are =c$ to ! conclusion t philosophy mu/ give up h] attempt at f9d+ ! v]itates aet]nae4 ,! bus9ess ( philosophy is to tea* man to live 9 unc]ta9ty--man :o is supremely afraid ( unc]ta9ty1 & :o is =ev] hid+ himself beh9d ?is or ! o!r dogma4 ,m briefly1 ! bus9ess ( philosophy is n to reassure p1 b to upset !m4 #ab ,:5 man f9ds 9 himself a c]ta9 defect1 ( :i* he c by no means rid himself1 !re rema9s b to accept ! s-call$ fail+ z a natural quality4 ,! m grave & important ! defect1 ! m urg5t is ! ne$ to ennoble x4 ,f sublime to ridicul\s is only "o /ep1 & an in]adicable vice 9 /rong m5 is always re*ri/5$ a virtue4 #ac ,on ! :ole1 !re is little to *oose betwe5 metaphysics & positivism4 ,9 ea* !re is ! same horizon1 b ! composition & col\r+ are diff]5t4 ,positivism *ooses grey1 col\rless pa9t & ord9>y composition2 metaphysics pref]s brilliant col\r+ & complicat$ design1 & always c>ries ! vision away into ! inf9ite2 9 :i* trick x (t5 succe$s1 ow+ to its skill 9 p]spective4 ,b ! canvas is imp]vi\s1 !re is no melt+ ?r\gh x into ! o!r _w4 ,nev]!less1 skilful p]spectives are v allur+1 s t metaphysicians w /ill h some?+ to qu>rel ab\t ) ! positivi/s4 #ad ,! task ( a writ]3 to g =w>d & %>e 8 impressions ) 8 read]4 ,9 spite ( ev]y?+ to ! contr>y1 he is n oblig$ to prove any?+4 ,b1 because e /ep ( 8 progress is dogg$ by ^? police ag5ts1 morality1 sci5ce1 logic1 & s =?1 he ne$s always to h ready "s sort ( argum5t ) :i* to fru/rate !m4 ,!re is no necessity to tr\ble too deeply ab\t ! quality ( ! argum5tation4 ,:y fret ab\t be+ inw>dly "r4 ,x is q en\gh if ! reason+ :i* comes h&ie/ w succe$ 9 occupy+ ^? gu>dians ( ! v]bal highways ^: int5tion x is to ob/ruct 8 passage4 #ae ,! ,secret ( ,p\%k9's inn] h>mony4--,to ,p\%k9 no?+ 0 hopeless4 ,nay1 he saw hopeful signs 9 ev]y?+4 ,x is agreeable to s91 & x is j z delightful to rep5t4 ,x is good to d\bt1 b x is /ill bett] to believe4 ,x is jolly ) feet %od 9 /eel to skate ! ice1 x is pleasant to w&] ab\t ) gypsies1 to pray 9 *ur*1 to qu>rel ) a fri5d1 to make peace ) an enemy1 to swoon on waves ( h>mony1 to weep ov] a pass+ fancy1 to recall ! pa/1 to peep into ! future4 ,p\%k9 c\ld cry hot te>s1 & he :o c weep c hope4 ,i want to live1 s t ,i may ?9k & suff]1 he says2 & x seems z if ! ^w to suff]1 :i* is s beautiful 9 ! poem1 j fell 9 accid5tally1 because !re 0 no bett] rhyme 9 ,russian = to die4 ,! lat] v]ses1 :i* are int5d$ to amplify to ?9k & to suff]1 prove ?is4 ,p\%k9 might repeat ! words ( ! anci5t h]o3 dang] is dang]\s to o!rs1 b n to me4 ,!re9 lies ! secret ( 8 h>moni\s moods4 #af ,! well-trodd5 field ( contempor>y ?\ght %\ld be dug up4 ,!re=e1 on e possible occasion1 9 season & out1 ! g5]ally-accept$ tru?s mu/ be ridicul$ to dea?1 & p>adoxes utt]$ 9 _! place4 ,!n we %all see4444 #ag ,:at is a ,weltans*auung1 a _w-conception1 a philosophy8 ,z we all "k1 ,turg5ev 0 a reali/1 & f ! fir/ he tri$ to portray life tru?fully4 ,al?\gh we _h _h no precise expon5ts ( realism1 yet aft] ,p\%k9 x 0 impossible = a ,russian writ] to dep>t too f> f actuality4 ,ev5 ^? :o did n "k :at to d ) real life _h to cope ) x z be/ !y c\ld4 ,h5ce1 9 ord] t ! picture ( life %\ld n prove too depress+1 ! writ] mu/ provide himself 9 due season ) a philosophy4 ,?is philosophy /ill plays ! "p ( ! magic w& 9 lit]ature1 enabl+ ! au?or to turn any?+ he likes into any?+ else4 ,mo/ ( ,turg5ev's works are curi\s 9 respect ( philosophy4 ,b mo/ curi\s is 8 ,di>y ( a ,sup]flu\s ,man4 ,turg5ev 0 ! fir/ to introduce ! t]m a sup]flu\s man into ,russian lit]ature4 ,s9ce !n an endless am\nt has be5 writt5 ab\t sup]flu\s p1 al?\gh up till n[ no?+ important has be5 add$ to :at 0 already said fifty ye>s ago4 ,!re are sup]flu\s p1 pl5ty ( !m4 ,b :at is to be done ) !m8 ,no "o kn[s4 ,!re rema9s only to inv5t philosophies on _! behalf4 ,9 #ahej ,turg5ev1 !n a "y man1 ?us solv$ ! problem4 ,he ends ! ,di>y--) a humor\s po/script1 suppos$ to h be5 scribbl$ by an imp]t95t read] on ! la/ fly-leaf ( ! ,,ms4 ,?is ,,ms4 0 ready & cont5ts !re( disapprov$1 by ,pet] ,zudotye%94 ,m4,m4,m4,m4 ,de> ,sir1 ,pet] ,zudotye%91 ,my de> ,sir4 ,x is obvi\s ,turg5ev felt t aft] a trag$y mu/ foll[ a f>ce1 & !re9 lies ! sub/ance ( 8 philosophy4 ,x is also obvi\s t 9 ?is feel+ he has ! :ole ( ,european civilisation beh9d him4 ,turg5ev 0 ! mo/ educat$1 ! mo/ cultur$ ( all ,russian writ]s4 ,he sp5t ne>ly all 8 life abroad1 & absorb$ into himself all t ,european le>n+ c\ld (f]4 ,he knew ?is1 al?\gh he nev] directly admitt$ x1 ow+ to an exagg]at$ mode/y :i* sometimes irritates u by its obvi\sness4 ,he believ$ pr(\ndly t only le>n+1 only ,european sci5ce c\ld op5 m5's eyes to life1 & expla9 all t ne$$ explanation4 ,accord+ to ?is belief he judges ev5 ,tol/oy4 ,! sadde/ in/ance ( ! lack ( real fre$om1 ! sixty-ye>-old ,turg5ev writes ( ,w> & ,peace1 9 8 lit]>y memoirs3 ! sadde/ in/ance ( ! lack ( real fre$om1 aris+ f ! lack ( real k1 is reveal$ to u 9 ,leo ,tol/oy's late/ "w1 a "w :i* at ! same "t1 by virtue ( its creative1 poetic =ce1 ranks almo/ fir/ among all t has appe>$ 9 ,russian lit]ature s9ce #ahdj4 ,no6 )\t culture1 )\t fre$om 9 ! wide/ s5se1 fre$om )9 oneself1 fre$om f preconceiv$ ideas1 fre$om ) reg>d to "o's own nation & hi/ory1 )\t ?is1 ! real arti/ is un?9kable2 )\t ?is free air he _c brea!4 ,li/5+ to ,turg5ev "o might imag9e t he _h le>n$ "s great secret 9 ! ,we/1 a secret :i* gave him ! "r to be> himself *e]fully & mode/ly :5 o!r p despair$ & lo/ _! heads4444 ,a ye> aft] ! writ+ ( ! lit]>y memoirs above quot$1 ,turg5ev happ5$ to be pres5t at ! execution ( ! notori\s murd]]1 ,tropman4 ,8 impressions are sup]bly r5d]$ 9 a long article call$ ,tropman's ,execution4 ,! description produces a s\l-%ak+ effect ^u ! read]2 = ,i ?9k ,i %all n exagg]ate if ,i say t ! essay is "o ( ! be/1 at lea/ "o ( ! mo/ vigor\s ( ,turg5ev's writ+s4 ,x is true t ,tol/oy describes sc5es ( slaught] ) no less vig\r1 & !re=e ! read] ne$ n yield too mu* to ! arti/'s p[]4 ,yet :5 ,turg5ev relates t1 at ! decisive mom5t1 :5 ! execution]s l spid]s on a fly ?rew !mselves on ,tropman & bore him to ! gr\nd--! e>? quietly swam away f "u my feet--we are =c$ to believe him4 ,m5 respond only fa9tly to ! horrors t take place ar\nd !m1 except at mom5ts1 :5 ! savage1 cry+ incongruity & gha/l9ess ( our condition sudd5ly reveals itself vivid be=e our eyes1 & we are =c$ to "k :at we are4 ,!n ! gr\nd slides away f "u our feet4 ,b n = long4 ,! horror ( ! s5sation ( gr\ndlessness quickly br+s man to himself4 ,he mu/ =get ev]y?+1 he mu/ only get 8 feet on e>? aga94 ,9 ?is s5se ,turg5ev prov$ himself 9 z risky a /ate at sixty z he 0 :51 z a "y man1 he wrote 8 ,di>y ( a ,sup]flu\s ,man4 ,! description ( ,tropman's execution ends ) ^! words3 ,:o c fail to feel t ! "q ( capital puni%m5t is "o ( ! urg5t1 imm$iate problems :i* mod]n humanity mu/ settle8 ,i %all be satisfi$ 444 if my /ory w provide ev5 a few argum5ts = ^? :o advocate ! abolition1 or at lea/ ! suppression ( ! publicity ( capital puni%m5ts4 ,aga9 ! m\nta9 has br\ght =? a m\se4 ,aft] a trag$y1 a f>ce4 ,philosophy ent]s into h] p[]1 & ! e>? returns "u "o's feet4 ,i emphasise & repeat3 ,turg5ev is n alone responsible = 8 attitude4 ,) 8 lips speaks ! :ole ( ,european civilisation4 ,on pr9ciple all insoluble problems are reject$4 ,dur+ h] ?\s& ye>s ( exp]i5ce1 ! old civilisation has acquir$ ! skill :i* all[s h] *ildr5 to d]ive satisfaction & b5efit out ( any?+1 ev5 ! blood ( _! neighb\r4 ,ev5 ! greate/ horrors1 ev5 crimes are b5eficial1 prop]ly con/ru$4 ,turg5ev 01 z we "k1 a s(t1 humane man1 an und\bt$ ideali/4 ,9 8 y\? he _h be5 ?r\gh ! ,hegelian s*ool4 ,& f ,hegel he le>n$ :at an enorm\s value education has1 & h[ supremely important x is = an educat$ man to h a complete & f9i%$--mo/ c]ta9ly a f9i%$ philosophy4 #ah ,to praise oneself is consid]$ improp]1 immode/2 to praise "o's own sect1 "o's own philosophy1 is consid]$ ! highe/ duty4 ,ev5 ! be/ writ]s h tak5 at lea/ z mu* tr\ble to glorify _! philosophy z to f\nd x1 & h always _h m success 9 ! =m] case ?an 9 ! latt]4 ,_! ideas1 :e!r prov5 or n1 are ! de>e/ possession 9 life to !m1 9 sorr[ a consolation1 9 difficulty a s\rce ( c\nsel4 ,ev5 dea? is n t]rible to ideas2 !y w foll[ man beyond ! grave1 !y are ! only imp]i%able ri*es4 ,all ?is ! philosoph]s repeat1 v eloqu5tly repeat & reit]ate conc]n+ _! ideas1 n less skilfully ?an advocates plead _! cases on behalf ( ?ieves & sw9dl]s4 ,b nobody has ev] yet call$ a philosoph] a hir$ consci5ce1 ?\gh ev]ybody gives ! lawy] ?is nickname4 ,:y ?is p>tiality8 #ai ,c]ta9 savage tribes believe t _! k+s ne$ no food1 nei!r to eat nor to dr9k4 ,z a matt] ( fact1 k+s eat & dr9k1 & ev5 reli% a good m\?ful m ?an ord9>y mortals4 ,s1 hav+ no desire1 ev5 = ! sake ( =m1 to ab/a9 too long1 !y n infrequ5tly int]rupt ! long-drawn-out religi\s c]emonies ( _! tribes1 9 ord] to comm& refre%m5t = _! frail bodies4 ,b none mu/ witness1 or ev5 be aw>e ( ?is refre%+1 & s :ile he eats ! k+ is hidd5 )9 a purple pall4 ,metaphysicians rem9d "o ( ^! savage k+s4 ,!y want ev]yone to believe t empiricism1 :i* means all reality & sub/antial exi/5ce1 is no?+ to !m1 !y ne$ only pure ideas = _! exi/5ce4 ,9 ord] to keep up ?is fiction1 !y appe> be=e ! _w inve/$ 9 a purple veil ( f9e words4 ,! cr[d kn[s p]fectly well t x is all a take-91 b s9ce x likes %[s & bright col\rs1 & s9ce also x has no ambition to appe> too kn[+1 x r>ely betrays t x has caught ! trick ( ! com$y4 ,on ! contr>y1 x loves to pret5d to be fool$1 kn[+ by in/9ct t actors always d _! be/ :5 ! audi5ce believes implicitly 9 :at happ5s4 ,only inexp]i5c$ y\?s & *ildr51 unaw>e ( ! great importance ( ! conv5tional attitude1 n[ & !n cry out 9 indignation & give ! lie to ! p]=mance3 l ! *ild 9 ,&]s5's /ory1 :o s unexpect$ly & inopportunely broke ! g5]al1 delib]ate illusion by call+ out--,b ! k+ is nak$4 ,( c\rse ev]ybody kn[s )\t tell+ t ! k+ is nak$3 t ! metaphysicians n only are unable to expla9 any?+1 b t hi!rto !y h n be5 able to pres5t ev5 a s+le hypo!sis free f contradiction4 ,x is necess>y to pret5d to believe t k+s eat no?+1 t philosoph]s h div9$ ! secrets ( ! univ]se1 t arbitr>y !ories are m preci\s ?an empirical h>ve/s1 & s on4 ,!re rema9s only "o difficulty3 gr[nups may be won ov] to ! conv5tional lie1 b :at ab\t ! *ildr58 ,) !m ! only rem$y is ! ,py?agorean sy/em ( upbr++1 s glorifi$ by ,hegel4 ,*ildr5 mu/ keep sil5t & n raise _! voice until !y realise t "s ?+s may n be talk$ ab\t4 ,?is is our me?od4 ,) u pupils rema9 sil5t1 n only = five ye>s1 z ! ,py?agoreans recomm5d$1 b = t5 or m--until !y h le>n$ to speak l _! ma/]s4 ,& !n !y are grant$ a fre$om :i* is no long] any good to !m4 ,p]haps !y _h w+s1 or might h _h !m1 b !y h crawl$ all _! life long 9 imitation ( _! ma/]s1 s h[ c !y n[ dream ( flight8 ,to a well-in=m$ man1 :o has /udi$ mu*1 ! v ?\ght ( ! possibility ( te>+ himself away f ! e>?1 ev5 = a mom5t1 is horrify+3 z if he knew be=eh& :at ! result w\ld be4 #bj ,! be/1 ! mo/ effective way ( conv9c+ a read] is to beg9 "o's argum5t ) in(f5sive1 commonplace ass]tions4 ,:5 suspicion has be5 suffici5tly lull$1 & a c]ta9ty has be5 begot t :at foll[s w be a confirmation ( ! read]s own accept$ views--!n has ! mom5t arriv$ to speak "o's m9d op5ly1 b /ill 9 ! same easy tone1 z if !re 7 no break 9 ! fl[ ( truisms4 ,! logical connection is unimportant4 ,consequ5ce ( mann] & intonation is mu* m impressive ?an consequ5ce ( ideas4 ,! ?+ to d is to g on1 9 ! same suave tone1 f utt]+ a s]ies ( banalities to express+ a new & dang]\s ?\ght1 )\t any break4 ,if y succe$ 9 ?is1 ! bus9ess is done4 ,! read] w n =get--! new words w plague & torm5t him until he has accept$ !m4 #ba ,! habit ( logical ?9k+ kills imag9ation4 ,man is conv9c$ t ! only way to tru? is ?r\gh logic1 & t any dep>ture f ?is way leads to error & absurdity4 ,! ne>] we approa* ! ultimate que/ions ( exi/5ce1 9 our dep>ture f logicality1 ! m deadly becomes ! /ate ( error we fall into4 ,! ,ariadne ball has become all unw\nd long ago1 & man is at ! end ( ! te!r4 ,b he does n "k1 he holds ! end ( ! ?read firmly1 & m>ks "t ) en]gy on ! same spot1 imag9+ 8 progress1 & little realis+ ! ridicul\s situation into :i* he has fall54 ,h[ %\ld he realise1 consid]+ ! innum]able precautions he has tak5 to prev5t himself f los+ ! logical way8 ,he _h bett] h /ay$ at home4 ,once he set out1 once he decid$ to be a ,!seus & kill ! ,m9otaur1 he %\ld h giv5 himself up1 =feit$ ! old atta*m5t1 & be5 ready nev] to escape f ! labyr9?4 ,true1 he w\ld h risk$ los+ ,ariadne3 & ?is is :y long j\rneys %\ld be und]tak5 only aft] family connections h become a burd54 ,su* be+ ! case1 a man delib]ately cuts ! ?read :i* b9ds him to he>? & home1 s t he may h a legitimate excuse to 8 consci5ce = n go+ back4 ,philosophy mu/ h no?+ 9 common ) logic2 philosophy is an art :i* aims at break+ ! logical cont9uity ( argum5t & br++ man out on ! %oreless sea ( imag9ation1 ! fanta/ic tides :]e ev]y?+ is equally possible & impossible4 ,c]ta9ly x is difficult1 giv5 s$5t>y habits ( life1 to be a good philosoph]4 ,! fact t ! fate ( philosophy has ev] la9 9 ! h&s ( pr(essors c only be expla9$ by ! reluctance ( ! envi\s gods to give omnisci5ce to mortals4 ,:il/ /ay-at-home p]sons are se>*+ = tru?1 ! apple w /ay on ! tree4 ,! bus9ess mu/ be und]tak5 by homeless adv5tur]s1 born nomads1 to :om ubi b5e ibi patria4 ,x seems to me t b = 8 family & 8 dome/icity1 ,c\nt ,tol/oy1 :o lives to su* a ripe old age1 might h told u a great _m important & int]e/+ ?+s4 ,or1 p]haps1 _h he n m>ri$1 l ,nietzs*e he w\ld h gone mad4 ,if y turn to ! "r1 y w m>ry1 if to ! left1 y w be kill$4 ,a true philosoph] nev] *ooses ! middle c\rse2 he ne$s no ri*es1 he does n "k :at to d ) money4 ,b :e!r he turns to ! "r or to ! left1 no?+ pleasant awaits him4 #bb ,scrat* a ,russian & y w f9d a ,t>t>4 ,culture is an age-long developm5t1 & sudd5 graft+ ( x ^u a race r>ely succe$s4 ,to u 9 ,russia1 civilisation came sudd5ly1 :il/ we 7 /ill savages4 ,at once %e took ^u h]self ! responsibilities ( a tam] ( wild animals1 fir/ work+ ) decoys & baits1 & lat]1 :5 %e felt h] p[]1 ) ?reats4 ,we quickly submitt$4 ,9 a %ort "t we 7 swall[+ 9 enorm\s doses ^? poisons :i* ,europe _h be5 gradually accu/om+ h]self to1 gradually assimilat+ ?r\gh c5turies4 ,?anks to :i*1 ! transplant+ ( civilisation into ,russia turns out to be no mild affair4 ,a ,russian _h only to cat* a :iff ( ,european atmosph]e1 & 8 head began to swim4 ,he int]pret$ 9 8 own way1 savage-l1 :atev] he he>d ( we/]n success4 ,he>+ ab\t railways1 agricultural ma*9es1 s*ools1 municipalities1 8 imag9ation pa9t$ miracles3 univ]sal happ9ess1 b\ndless fre$om1 p>adise1 w+s1 etc4 ,& ! m impossible 8 dreams1 ! m eag] he 0 to believe !m real4 ,h[ disillusion$ ) ,europe ! we/]n] ,h]z5 became1 aft] liv+ = ye>s on end abroad6 ,yet1 ) all 8 acut5ess1 x did n occur to him t ,europe 0 n 9 ! lea/ to blame = 8 disillusionm5t4 ,europe _h dropp$ miracles ages ago2 %e cont5t$ h]self ) ideals4 ,x is we 9 ,russia :o w g on confus+ miracles ) ideals1 z if ! two 7 id5tical1 :]eas !y h no?+ to d ) ea* o!r4 ,z a matt] ( fact1 j because ,europe _h ceas$ to believe 9 miracles1 & realis$ t all human problems resolve d[n to m]e arrangem5ts "h on e>?1 ideas & ideals _h be5 inv5t$4 ,b ! ,russian be> crept out ( 8 hole & /roll$ to ,europe = ! elixir ( life1 ! fly+ c>pet1 ! sev5-leagu$ %oes1 & s on1 ?9k+ 9 all 8 navet t railways & electricity 7 signs :i* cle>ly prov$ t ! old nurse nev] told a lie 9 h] fairy tales4444 ,all ?is happ5$ j at ! mom5t :5 ,europe _h f9ally made away ) al*emy & a/rology1 & />t$ on ! positive rese>*es result+ 9 *emi/ry & a/ronomy4 #bc ,! fir/ assumption ( all metaphysics is1 t by dialectic developm5t ( any concept a :ole sy/em c be evolv$4 ,( c\rse ! initial concept1 ! a priori1 is g5]ally uns\nd1 s !re is no ne$ to m5tion ! d$uctions4 ,b s9ce x is v difficult 9 ! realm ( ab/ract ?\ght to di/+ui% a lie f tru?1 metaphysical sy/ems (t5 h a v conv9c+ appe>ance4 ,! *ief defect only appe>s incid5tally1 :5 ! ta/e = dialectic play becomes blunt$ 9 man1 z x did 9 ,turg5ev t[>ds ! end ( 8 life1 s t he realises ! uselessness ( philosophical sy/ems4 ,x is relat$ t a fam\s ma!matician1 aft] he>+ a musical symphony to ! end1 inquir$1 ,:at does x prove8 ,( c\rse1 x proves no?+1 except t ! ma!matician _h no ta/e = music4 ,& to him :o has no ta/e = dialectics1 metaphysics c prove no?+1 ei!r4 ,!re=e1 ^? :o are int]e/$ 9 ! success ( metaphysics mu/ always enc\rage ! op9ion t a ta/e = dialectics is a high di/9ction 9 a man1 prov+ ! l(t9ess ( 8 s\l4 #bd ,man is us$ to hav+ convictions1 s !re we are4 ,we c none ( u d )\t our hang]s-on1 ?\gh we despise !m at ! bottom ( our s\ls4 #be ,socrates & ,plato tri$ to det]m9e "u ! %ift+ *ange ( appe>ance ! immutable1 un*ang+ reality4 ,9 ! ,platonic ideas ! attempt 0 inc>nat$4 ,! visible reality1 nev] true to itself1 assum+ numb]less v>y+ =ms1 ?is is n ! g5u9e reality4 ,t :i* is real mu/ be con/ant4 ,h5ce ! ideas ( objects are real1 & ! objects !mselves are fictiti\s4 ,?us ! root ( ! ,platonic philosophy appe>s to be a fundam5tal defect 9 human reason+--a defect reg>d$ z ! highe/ m]it4 ,x is difficult = ! philosoph] to get a good grasp ( ?is agitat$1 caprici\s life1 & s he decides t x is n life at all1 b a figm5t4 ,dialectics is supreme only ov] g5]al concepts--& ! g5]al concepts are promot$ to an ideal4 ,s9ce ,plato & ,socrates1 only su* philosoph]s h succe$$ l>gely :o h taught t ! un*angeable is pref]able to ! *angeable1 ! et]nal to ! temporal4 ,! ord9>y individual1 :o lives unconsci\sly1 nev] reckon+ 8 spiritual cr$it aga9/ 8 spiritual debit1 naturally reg>ds ! philosoph] z 8 legitimate book-keep]1 keep] ( ! s\l's acc\nts4 ,already 9 ,greece ! ,a!nian y\? wat*$ ) passionate int]e/ ! dext]ity :i* ,socrates display$ 9 8 endeav\r to re/ore by means ( dialectics ! lo/ ultimate f\ndations ( human conduct4 ,n[ 9 book-keep+1 z we are aw>e1 n a s+le f>?+ mu/ disappe> untraceably4 ,socrates 0 try+ to come up to expectations4 ,! balance betwe5 man's spiritual assets & liabilities 0 ) him ideally e/abli%$4 ,p]haps 9 ?is lies ! secret ( t /range attraction he ex]t$ ev5 ov] su* volatile & un/eady natures z t ( ,alcibiades1 draw+ ! "y m5 to him s t !y 7 atta*$ to him ) all _! s\l4 ,alcibiades _h long s9ce lo/ all c\nt ( 8 spiritual e/ate1 & !re=e f "t to "t he _h ne$ to rec\rse to ,socrates1 :o by spee*es & diss]tations c\ld br+ ord] into *aos & h>mony into ! spiritual confusion ( 8 "y fri5d4 ,alcibiades turn$ to ,socrates to be reliev$4 ,( c\rse1 he s\ght relief 9 ord] t he might beg9 aga9 8 riot\s liv+3 re/ is s sweet to a tir$ man4 ,b to conclude t because ,alcibiades exhau/$ himself1 & because re/ is sweet1 !re=e all m5 mu/ re/1 ?is is absurd4 ,yet ,socrates dictat$ ?is conclusion1 9 all 8 ideas4 ,he wi%$ t all m5 %\ld re/1 re/ ?r\gh et]nity1 t !y %\ld see _! highe/ fulfilm5t 9 ?is re/+4 ,x is easi] to judge ( ,socrates s9ce we h ,c\nt ,tol/oy ) u4 ,probably ! physiognomi/ ,topir w\ld say ( ,tol/oy z he said ( ,socrates1 t !re are _m evil prop5sities lurk+ 9 him4 ,topir is n "h to speak1 b ,tol/oy has told u himself h[ wick$ he f\nd 8 own nature1 h[ he _h to /ruggle ) x4 ,tol/oy is n naturally ov]-c\rage\s2 by long ef=t he has tra9$ himself to be bold4 ,h[ afraid ( dea? he 0 9 8 y\? ,& h[ clev]ly he c\ld conceal t fe>4 ,lat] on1 9 mature age1 x 0 /ill ! fe> ( dea? :i* inspir$ him to write 8 confession4 ,he 0 conqu]+ t fe>1 & ) x all o!r fe>s4 ,= he felt t1 s9ce fe> is v difficult to ma/] 9 oneself1 man mu/ be a mu* high] be+ :5 he has le>n$ n to be afraid any m4 ,mean:ile1 :o kn[s8 ,p]haps c[>dice1 t mis]able1 despicable1 mu*-abus$ weakness ( ! und]world1 is n su* a vice aft] all4 ,p]haps x is ev5 a virtue4 ,?9k ( ,do/oevsky & 8 h]oes1 ?9k ( ,hamlet4 ,if ! und]world man 9 u 7 afraid ( no?+1 if ,hamlet 0 naturally a gladiator1 !n we %\ld h nei!r tragic poetry nor philosophy4 ,x is a platitude1 t fe> ( dea? has be5 ! inspiration ( philosoph]s4 ,numb]less quotations c\ld be drawn f anci5t & mod]n writ]s1 if !y 7 necess>y4 ,maybe ! poetic daimon ( ,socrates1 :i* made him wise1 0 only fe> p]sonifi$4 ,or p]haps x 0 8 d>k dreams4 ,t :i* tr\bl$ him by day did n quit him by night4 ,ev5 aft] ! s5t5ce ( dea? ,socrates dream$ t he ought to engage 9 ! arts1 s 9 ord] n to provoke ! gods he began to compose v]ses1 at ! age ( sev5ty4 ,tol/oy also at ! age ( fifty began to p]=m good de$s1 to :i* p]=mance he _h previ\sly giv5 n ! slighte/ att5tion4 ,if x 7 our cu/om n[adays to express ourselves my?ologically1 we %\ld no d\bt he> ,tol/oy tell+ u ab\t 8 daimon or 8 dreams4 ,in/ead he squ>es 8 acc\nts ) sci5ce & morality1 9 place ( gods or demons4 ,_m a pres5t-day ,alcibiades1 :o laves all ! week 9 ! muddy wat]s ( life1 comes on ,sundays to cleanse himself 9 ! pure /ream ( ,tol/oyian ideas4 ,book-keep+ is satisfi$ ) ?is mode/ success1 & assumes t if x comm&s univ]sal att5tion "o day 9 ! week1 !n obvi\sly x is ! sum & ess5ce ( life1 beyond :i* man ne$s no?+4 ,on ! same gr\nds ! keep]s ( public ba?s c\ld argue t1 s9ce s _m p come to !m on ,saturdays1 !re=e cleanl9ess is ! highe/ ambition ( man1 & dur+ ! week no "o %\ld /ir at all1 le/ he sweat or soil himself4 #bf ,9 an old ,fr5* writ]1 a contempor>y ( ,pascal1 ,i came across ! foll[+ rem>kable words3 ,l'homme e/ si mis]able que l'incon/ance avec laquelle il ab&onne ses desse9s e/1 en quelque sorte1 sa plus gr&e v]tu2 p>ce qu'il temoigne p> l qu'il y a encore en lui quelque re/e de gr&eur qui le porte se dg\t] de *oses qui ne mrit5t pas son am\r et son e/ime4 ,:at a long way mod]n ?\ght has travell$ f ev5 ! possibility ( su* an assumption4 ,to consid] incon/ancy ! f9e/ human virtue6 ,surely 9 ord] to get some:]e 9 life x is necess>y to give ! :ole self1 "o's :ole en]gy to ! s]vice ( "s "o p>ticul> purpose4 ,9 ord] to be a virtuoso1 a ma/] ( "o's art & "o's in/rum5t1 x is necess>y ) a truly angelic or as99e pati5ce to try ov] & ov] aga91 doz5s1 hundr$s1 ?\s&s ( times1 diff]5t ways ( express+ "o's ideas or moods1 sp>+ nei!r lab\r1 nor "t1 nor heal?4 ,ev]y?+ else mu/ take a second place4 ,! fir/ mu/ be occupi$ by ! ,art4 ,gon*>ov1 9 8 novel ,obryv1 clev]ly relates h[ a 'celli/ /ruggl$ all day1 l a fi% aga9/ ! ice1 saw+ & saw+ away1 s t lat] on1 9 ! ev5+1 he might play sup]-excell5tly well4 ,& t is ! g5]al idea4 ,objectionable1 t$i\s1 irritat+ lab\r1--?is is ! condition ( g5ius1 :i* no d\bt expla9s ! reason :y m5 s r>ely a*ieve any?+4 ,g5ius mu/ submit to cultivate an ass )9 itself--! condition be+ s humiliat+ t man w seldom take up ! job4 ,! majority pref] tal5t1 t m$ium :i* lies betwe5 g5ius & m$iocrity4 ,& _m a "t1 t[>ds ! end ( life1 does ! g5ius rep5t ( 8 *oice4 ,x w\ld be bett] n to />tle ! _w1 b to live at "o ) x1 says ,ibs5 9 8 la/ drama4 ,g5ius is a wret*$1 bl9d maniac1 ^: ecc5tricities are condon$ because ( :at is got f him4 ,& /ill we all b[ to p]sev]+ tal5t1 to ! only god 9 :om we mod]ns believe1 & ! eulogy ( incon/ancy w awake v little sympa?y 9 our he>ts4 ,probably we %all n ev5 reg>d x s]i\sly4 #bg ,we v (t5 express 9 a categorical =m a judgm5t ( :i* we d n feel assur$1 we ev5 lay /ress on its absolute validity4 ,we want to see :at opposition x w ar\se1 & ?is c be a*iev$ only by /at+ our assumption n z a t5tative sugge/ion1 :i* no "o w consid]1 b z an irrefutable1 all-important tru?4 ,! great] ! value an assumption has = u1 ! m c>efully d we conceal any sugge/ion ( its improbability4 #bh ,lit]ature deals ) ! mo/ difficult & important problems ( exi/5ce1 &1 !re=e1 littrateurs consid] !mselves ! mo/ important ( p4 ,a bank cl]k1 :o is always h&+ money out1 might j z well consid] himself a millionaire4 ,! high e/imate plac$ ^u unexpla9$1 unsolv$ que/ions ought really to discr$it writ]s 9 our eyes4 ,& yet ^! lit]>y m5 are s clev]1 s cunn+ at /at+ _! own case & reveal+ ! high importance ( _! mission1 t 9 ! long run !y conv9ce ev]ybody1 !mselves mo/ ( all4 ,?is la/ ev5t is surely ow+ to _! own limit$ intellig5ce4 ,! ,romans augurs _h subtl]1 m v]satile m9ds4 ,9 ord] to deceive o!rs1 !y _h no ne$ to deceive !mselves4 ,9 _! own set !y 7 n afraid to talk ab\t _! secrets1 ev5 to make fun ( !m1 be+ fully confid5t t !y c\ld easily v9dicate !mselves be=e outsid]s1 9 case ( necessity1 & pull a solemn face befitt+ ! occasion4 ,b our writ]s ( to-day1 be=e !y c lay _! improbable ass]tions be=e ! public1 mu/ inevitably try to be conv9c$ 9 _! own m9ds4 ,o!rwise !y _c beg94 #bi ,! writ] is writ+ away1 ! read] is read+ away--! writ] doesn't c>e :at ! read] is aft]1 ! read] doesn't c>e :at ! writ] is ab\t4 ,su* a /ate ( ?+s hurt ,s*$r9 v mu*4 ,he w\ld h lik$ x diff]5t2 no soon] has ! writ] said a ^w1 ?an ! read] at once scales ! wall4 ,?is 0 8 ideal4 ,b ! read] is by no means s naive z all t4 ,he pref]s to re/ easy1 & insi/s t ! writ] %all climb ! wall = him4 ,s ^? au?ors succe$ ) ! public :o write ) _! he>t's blood4 ,conv5tional t\rnam5ts1 ev5 ! mo/ brilliant1 d n attract ! masses any m ?an ! connoisseurs4 ,p ru% to see a fight ( gladiators1 :]e awaits !m a sc5t ( real1 hot1 smok+ blood1 :]e !y are go+ to see real1 n pret5d$ victims4 ,?us _m writ]s1 l gladiators1 %$ _! blood to gratify t mod]n ,caes>1 ! mob4 ,salve1 ,caes>1 morituri te salutant6 #cj ,anton ,t*ekhov tells ! tru? nei!r out ( love or respect = ! tru?1 nor yet because1 9 ! ,kantian mann]1 a high duty bids him nev] to tell a lie1 ev5 to escape dea?4 ,nei!r has he ! impulse :i* s (t5 pu%es "y & fi]y s\ls into ra%ness2 t desire to /& erect1 to keep ! head high4 ,on ! contr>y1 ,t*ekhov always walks ) a /oop1 8 head b5t d[n1 nev] fix+ 8 eyes on ! heav5s1 s9ce he w read no signs !re4 ,if he tells ! tru?1 x is because ! mo/ reek+ lie no long] intoxicates him1 ev5 ?\gh he swall[ x n 9 ! mode/ doses t idealism (f]s1 b 9 immod]ate quantities1 ?\s&-gallon-b>rel gulps4 ,he w\ld ta/e ! bitt]ness1 b x w\ld n make 8 head turn1 z x does ,s*ill]'s1 or ,do/oevsky's1 or ev5 ,socrates'1 ^: head1 z we "k1 c\ld /& any quantity ( w9e1 b w5t sp9n+ ) ! mo/ commonplace lie4 #ca ,noblesse ,oblige4--,! mom5t ( obligation1 compulsion1 duty1 t mom5t describ$ by ,kant z ! ess5tial1 almo/ ! only pr$icate ( moral concepts1 s]ves *iefly to indicate t ,kant 0 mode/ 9 himself & 9 8 attitude t[>ds all :om he address$1 p]ceiv+ 9 all m5 be+s subject to ! ennobl+ effect ( morality4 ,noblesse oblige is a motto n = ! ari/ocracy1 :i* recognises 9 its privileges its own in/ant duties1 b = ! self-made1 weal?y p>v5ues :o pant = an illu/ri\s title4 ,!y h be5 accu/om$ to tell+ lies1 to play+ poltroon1 sw9dl+1 & meanness1 & ! necessity = speak+ ! tru? imp>tially1 = bravely fac+ dang]1 = freely giv+ ( _! =tunes sc>es !m beyond measure4 ,!re=e x is necess>y t !y %\ld repeat x to !mselves & to _! *ildr51 9 ^: ve9s ! ly+1 sneak+ blood /ill runs1 h\rly1 le/ !y =get3 ,y mu/ n tell lies1 y mu/ be op51 magnanim\s4 ,x is silly1 x is incompreh5sible--b noblesse oblige4 #cb ,homo hom9i lupus is "o ( ! mo/ /eadfa/ maxims ( et]nal morality4 ,9 ea* ( our neighb\rs we fe> a wolf4 ,?is fell[ is evil-m9d$1 if he is n re/ra9$ by law he w ru9 u1 s we ?9k e "t a man gets out ( ! rut ( sanctifi$ tradition4 ,! fe> is j4 ,we are s poor1 s weak1 s easily ru9$ & de/roy$6 ,h[ c we help be+ afraid6 ,& yet1 beh9d dang] & m5ace !re is usually hidd5 some?+ significant1 :i* m]its our close & sympa!tic att5tion4 ,b fe>'s eyes are big4 ,we see dang]1 dang] only1 we build up a fabric ( morality inside :i* z 9 a =tress we sit out ( dang] all our lives4 ,only poets h und]tak5 to praise dang]\s p--,don ,juans1 ,fau/s1 ,tannhas]s4 ,b nobody takes ! poets s]i\sly4 ,common-s5se values a comm]cial-travell] or a don mu* m highly ?an a ,byron1 a ,goe!1 or a ,molire4 #cc ,! possibilities :i* op5 out be=e mank9d are suffici5tly limit$4 ,x is impossible to see ev]y?+1 impossible to "k ev]y?+1 impossible to rise too high above ! e>?1 impossible to p5etrate too deeply d[n4 ,:at has be5 is hidd5 away1 :at w be we _c anticipate1 & we "k = c]ta9 t we %all nev] gr[ w+s4 ,regul>ity1 immutably regul> succession ( ph5om5a puts a t]m to our ef=ts1 drives u into a regul>1 n>r[1 h>d-beat5 road ( ev]yday life4 ,b ev5 on ?is road we may n w&] f side to side4 ,we mu/ wat* our feet1 consid] ea* /ep1 s9ce ! mom5t we are (f our gu>d disa/] is ^u u4 ,ano!r life is conceivable1 h[ev]3 life 9 :i* ! ^w disa/] does n exi/1 :]e responsibility = "o's actions1 ev5 if x be n completely aboli%$1 at lea/ has n su* a deadly & accid5tal weight1 & :]e1 on ! o!r h&1 !re is no regul>ity1 b r an inf9ite numb] ( possibilities4 ,9 su* a life ! s5se ( fe>--mo/ disgraceful to u--disappe>s4 ,!re ! virtues are n ! same z ours4 ,fe>lessness 9 face ( dang]1 lib]ality1 ev5 lavi%ness are consid]$ virtues ) u1 b !y are respect$ )\t any gr\nds4 ,socrates 0 q "r :5 he argu$ t n all c\rage1 b only ! c\rage :i* measures be=eh& ! risks & ! *ances ( victory1 is fully ju/ifiable4 ,to ! same ext5t ^? economical1 c>eful p :o condemn lavi%ness are 9 ! "r4 ,fe>lessness & lavi%ness d n suit mortal m51 r x becomes !m to tremble & to c\nt e p5ny1 see+ :at a /ate ( pov]ty & impot5ce !y exi/ 94 ,t is :y ^! two virtues are s r>ely met )1 & :5 !y are met1 :y !y ar\se su* sup]/iti\s rev]5ce 9 ! cr[d4 ,?is man fe>s no?+ & sp>es no?+3 he is probably n a man1 b a demi-god1 p]haps ev5 a god4 ,socrates did n believe 9 gods1 s he want$ to ju/ify virtue by reason4 ,kant also did n believe 9 ,god1 & !re=e he d]iv$ 8 morals f ,law4 ,b if !re is ,god1 & all m5 are ! *ildr5 ( ,god1 !n we %\ld be afraid ( no?+ & sp>e no?+4 ,& !n ! man :o madly dissipates 8 own life & =tunes1 & ! lives & =tunes ( o!rs1 is m "r ?an ! calculat+ philosoph]s :o va9ly seek to regulate mank9d on e>?4 #cd ,moral p are ! mo/ rev5geful ( mank9d1 !y employ _! morality z ! be/ & mo/ subtle weapon ( v5geance4 ,!y are n satisfi$ ) simply despis+ & condemn+ _! neighb\r !mselves1 !y want ! condemnation to be univ]sal & supreme3 t is1 t all m5 %\ld rise z "o aga9/ ! condemn$1 & t ev5 ! (f5d]'s own consci5ce %all be aga9/ him4 ,!n only are !y fully satisfi$ & reassur$4 ,no?+ on e>? b morality c\ld lead to su* wond]ful results4 #ce ,invet]ate wick$ness4--,h]etics 7 (t5 mo/ bitt]ly p]secut$ = _! lea/ digression f accept$ belief4 ,x 0 j _! ob/9acy 9 trifles t irritat$ ! righte\s to madness4 ,:y c !y n yield on s trifl+ a matt]8 ,!y _c possibly h s]i\s cause = opposition4 ,!y only want to grieve u1 to spite u4 ,s ! hatr$ m\nt$ up1 piles ( faggots & torture ma*9es appe>$ aga9/ obdurate wick$ness4 #cf ,i d n "k :]e ,i came across ! rem>k1 :e!r 9 ,tol/oy or ,turg5ev1 t ^? :o h be5 subject$ to trial 9 ! c\rts ( ju/ice always acquire a p>ticul>ly noble expression ( face4 ,al?\gh logic does s e>ne/ly recomm5d caution 9 ! =m+ ( contradictory conclusions1 come :at may ,i %all = once risk a d$uction3 a noble expression ( face is a sign t a man has be5 "u trial--b c]ta9ly n a trial = political crime--= !ft or bribe-tak+4 #cg ,! mo/ important & significant revelations come into ! _w nak$1 )\t a wordy g>m5t4 ,to f9d words = !m is a delicate1 difficult bus9ess1 a :ole art4 ,/upidities & banalities1 on ! contr>y1 appe> at once 9 ready-made app>el1 gaudy ev5 if %abby4 ,s t !y are ready /raight away to be pres5t$ to ! public4 #ch ,a /range impati5ce has tak5 possession ( ,russian writ]s lately4 ,!y are all runn+ a race aft] ! ultimate words4 ,!y h no d\bt t ! ultimate words w be atta9$4 ,! "q is1 :o w lay hold ( !m fir/4 #ci ,! appe>ance ( ,socrates on ! philosophic horizon is hail$ by hi/orians z ! greate/ ev5t4 ,morals 7 beg9n+ to "w loose1 ,a!ns 0 ?reat5$ ) ru94 ,socrates' mission 0 to put an end to ! viol5t oscillation 9 moral judgm5ts :i* extreme individualism on ! "o h& & ! relativism ( ! sophi/s on ! o!r _h set up4 ,! great tea*] did all he c\ld4 ,he gave up 8 usual occupations & 8 family life1 he took no ?\ght = ! morr[1 he taught1 taught1 taught--simple p or em95t1 wise or fooli%1 ignorant or le>n$4 ,not)/&+1 he did n save ! c\ntry4 ,"u ,p]icles1 ,a!ns fl\ri%$ )\t wisdom1 or at lea/ indep5d5tly ( ,socratic wisdom4 ,aft] ,p]icles1 9 spite ( ! fact t ! ,socratic tea*+ f\nd su* a g5ius z ,plato to cont9ue x1 ,a!ns /eadily decl9$1 & ,ari/otle is already ma/] to ! son ( ,philip ( ,mac$on4 ,:5ce x is obvi\s t ! wisdom ( ,socrates _h n sav$ ! c\ntry1 & z ?is _h be5 its *ief object1 x _h fail$ 9 its object1 & !re=e 0 n wor?y ( ! exagg]at$ respect x receiv$4 ,x is necess>y to f9d "s ju/ification = philosophy o!r ?an c\ntry-sav+4 ,?is w\ld be ! easie/ ?+ 9 ! _w4 ,b altoge!r we mu/ give up ! fav\rite device ( ! philosoph]s1 ( look+ to f9d 9 ! well-be+ ( society ! raison d'tre ( philosophy4 ,at ! be/1 ! trick 0 a risky "o4 ,z a rule1 wisdom goes "o way1 society ! o!r4 ,!y are artificially connect$4 ,x is public orators :o h tra9$ bo? ! philosoph]s & ! masses to reg>d z wor?y ( att5tion only ^? consid]ations :i* h absolutely ev]y?+ on _! side3 social utility1 morality1 ev5 metaphysical wisdom4444 ,:y s mu*8 ,is x n suffici5t if "s new project w prove useful8 ,:y try to get ! sanction ( morality & metaphysics8 ,nay1 once ! laws ( morality are autonom\s1 & once ideas are all[$ to /& above ! empirical ne$s ( mank9d1 x is impossible to balance ideas & morality ) social requirem5ts1 or ev5 ) ! salvation ( ! ,c\ntry f ru94 ,p]eat mundus1 fiat philosophia4 ,if ,a!ns 0 ru9$ because ( philosophy1 philosophy is n impugn$4 ,s ! autonom\s ?9k] %\ld hold4 ,b de facto a ?9k] does n l qu>rell+ ) 8 c\ntry4 #dj ,:5 a writ] has to express an idea ^: f\ndation he has n be5 able to e/abli%1 & :i* yet is de> to 8 he>t1 s t he e>ne/ly wi%es to secure its g5]al acceptance1 z a rule he int]rupts 8 exposition1 z if to take brea?1 & makes a small1 or at times a s]i\s digression1 dur+ :i* he proves ! invalidity ( ?is or t proposition1 (t5 )\t any ref]5ce to 8 real !me4 ,hav+ triumphantly expos$ "o or m absurdities1 & ?us acquir$ ! aplomb ( a solid exp]t1 he returns to 8 prop] task1 calculat+ t n[ he w inspire 8 read] ) great] confid5ce4 ,8 calculation is p]fectly ju/ifi$4 ,! read] is afraid to attack su* a skill$ dialectician1 & pref]s to agree r ?an to risk himself 9 argum5t4 ,n ev5 ! greate/ intellects1 p>ticul>ly 9 philosophy1 disda9 su* /ratagems4 ,! ideali/s1 = example1 be=e exp\nd+ _! !ories1 turn & r5d mat]ialism4 ,! mat]iali/s1 we rememb]1 at "o "t did ! same ) ! ideali/s1 & a*iev$ a va/ success4 #da ,!ories ( sequ5ce & consequ5ce are b9d+ only ^u ! disciples1 n ^u ! ma/]s4 ,fa!rs ( great ideas t5d to be v1 c>eless ab\t _! prog5y1 giv+ v little he$ to _! future c>e]4 ,! (fspr+ ( "o & ! same philosoph] frequ5tly be> su* small resemblance to "o ano!r1 t x is impossible to disc]n ! family connection4 ,consci5ti\s disciples1 wa/+ away "u ! ardu\s ef=t to discov] t :i* does n exi/1 are br\ght to despair ( _! task4 ,hav+ got an inkl+ ( ! tru? conc]n+ _! difficulty1 !y give up ! job = ev]1 !y cease _! attempt at reconcil+ gl>+ contradictions4 ,b !n !y only insi/ ! h>d] ^u ! necessity = /udy+ ! philosoph]s1 /udy+ !m m9utely1 circum/antially1 hi/orically1 philologically ev54 ,s ! hi/ory ( philosophy is born1 :i* n[ is tak+ ! place ( philosophy4 ,c]ta9ly ! hi/ory ( philosophy may be an exact sci5ce1 s9ce by means ( hi/orical rese>* x is (t5 possible to decide :at exactly a c]ta9 philosoph] did mean1 & 9 :at s5se he employ$ 8 peculi> t]ms4 ,& see+ t !re h be5 a fair numb] ( philosoph]s1 ! bus9ess ( cle>+ !m all up is a respectable und]tak+1 & des]ves ! "n ( a sci5ce4 ,= a good translation or a comm5t>y on ! *ief works ( ,kant a man may be giv5 ! degree ( doctor ( philosophy1 & h5ce=? recognis$ z "o :o is initiat$ 9 ! pr(undities ( ! secrets ( ! univ]se4 ,!n :y ev] %\ld anybody ?9k out new sy/ems--or ev5 write !m8 ,! raptures ( creative activity6--empty words1 inv5t$ by m5 :o nev] _h an opportunity ( judg+ f _! own exp]i5ce1 b :o d]ive _! conclusion syllogi/ically3 if a creation gives u su* delight1 :at mu/ ! creator himself exp]i5ce6 ,usually ! creator feels only vexations4 ,e creation is creat$ out ( ! ,void4 ,at ! be/1 ! mak] f9ds himself confront$ ) a =mless1 mean+less1 usually ob/9ate & /iff matt]1 :i* yields reluctantly to =m4 ,& he does n "k h[ to beg94 ,e "t a new ?\ght is g5d]$1 s (t5 mu/ t new ?\ght1 :i* = ! mom5t seems s brilliant & fasc9at+1 be ?r[n aside z wor?less4 ,creative activity is a cont9ual progression f failure to failure1 & ! condition ( ! creator is usually "o ( unc]ta9ty1 mi/ru/1 & %att]$ n]ves4 ,! m s]i\s & orig9al ! task :i* a man sets himself1 ! m torm5t+ is ! self-misgiv+4 ,= ?is reason ev5 m5 ( g5ius _c keep up ! creative activity to ! la/4 ,z soon z !y h acquir$ _! te*nique1 !y beg9 to repeat !mselves1 well aw>e t ! public will+ly endures ! monotony ( a fav\rite1 ev5 f9ds virtue 9 x4 ,e connoisseur ( art is satisfi$ if he recognises 9 a new "w ! accept$ mann] ( ! arti/4 ,few realise t ! acquir+ ( a mann] is ! beg9n+ ( ! end4 ,arti/s realise well en\gh1 & w\ld be glad to be rid ( _! mann]1 :i* seems to !m a hackney$ affair4 ,b ?is requires too great a /ra9 on _! p[]s1 new torm5ts1 d\bts1 new grop+4 ,he :o has once be5 ?r\gh ! creative raptures is n easily tempt$ to try aga94 ,he pref]s to turn out "w accord+ to ! patt]n he has evolv$1 calmly & securely1 assur$ ( 8 results4 ,=tunately no "o except himself kn[s t he is n any long] a creator4 ,:at a lot ( secrets !re are 9 ! _w1 & h[ easy x is to keep "o's secret safe f indiscreet glances6 #dc ,a writ] works himself up to a pit* ( ec/asy1 o!rwise he does n take up 8 p54 ,b ec/asy is n s easily di/+ui%$ f o!r k9ds ( excitem5t4 ,& z a writ] is always 9 ha/e to write1 he has r>ely ! pati5ce to wait1 b at ! fir/ prompt+s ( animation beg9s to p\r himself =?4 ,s 9 ! "n ( ec/asy we are (f]$ su* quantities ( banal1 by no means ec/atic effusions4 ,p>ticul>ly easy x is to conf\nd ) ec/asy t v common sort ( spr+-"t livel9ess :i* 9 our language is well-nam$ calf-rapture4 ,& calf-rapture is mu* m acceptable to ! public ?an true inspiration or g5u9e transport4 ,x is easi]1 m famili>4 #dd ,a s*ool axiom3 logical scepticism refutes itself1 s9ce ! d5ial ( ! possibility ( positive k is already an affirmation4 ,b1 9 ! fir/ place1 scepticism is n b\nd to be logical1 = x has no desire :atev] to gratify t dogma :i* raises logic to ! position ( law4 ,secondly1 :]e is ! philosophic !ory :i*1 if c>ri$ to its extreme1 w\ld n de/roy itself8 ,!re=e1 :y is m dem&$ f scepticism ?an f o!r sy/ems8 especially f scepticism1 :i* hone/ly av[s t x _c give t :i* all o!r !ories claim to give4 #de ,! ,ari/otelian logic1 :i* =ms ! *ief compon5t 9 mod]n logic1 arose1 z we "k1 z a result ( ! p]man5t controv]sies :i* 7 su* sport to ! ,greeks4 ,9 ord] to argue1 x is inde$ necess>y to h a common gr\nd2 9 o!r words1 to agree ab\t ! rules ( ! game4 ,b 9 our day dialectic t\rnam5ts1 l all o!r b\ts ( cont5tion1 no long] attract p4 ,?us logic may be relegat$ to ! backgr\nd4 #df ,9 ,gogol's ,portrait1 ! arti/ despairs at ! ?\ght t he has sacrific$ art = ! sake ( life4 ,9 ,ibs5's drama1 ,:5 ,we ,dead ,awak51 !re is also an arti/1 :o has become _w-fam\s1 & :o rep5ts t he has sacrific$ 8 life--to art4 ,n[1 *oose--:i* ( ! two ways ( rep5tance d y pref]8 #dg ,man is (t5 q indiff]5t to success :il/ he has x4 ,b once he loses 8 p[] ov] p1 he beg9s to fret4 ,&--vice v]sa4 #dh ,turg5ev's ,ins>ov /rikes ! imag9ation ( ,el5a because he is a man prep>+ = battle4 ,%e pref]s him to ,%ub9 ! pa9t]1 or to ,b]s5iev ! savant4 ,s9ce anci5t days wom5 h look$ ) fav\r on w>riors r ?an on peaceful m54 ,_h ,turg5ev inve/$ t idea ) less glam\r1 he w\ld probably n h become ! ideal ( ! "y4 ,:o does n get a ?rill f ,el5a & h] elect8 ,:o has n felt ! fasc9ation ( ,turg5ev's wom56 ,& yet all ( !m give !mselves to ! /rong male4 ,) su* sup]ior p1 z ) bea/s1 ! males fight ) ea* o!r1 ! woman looks on1 & :5 x is ov]1 %e submits h]self ! slave ( ! conqu]or4 #di ,a cat]pill> is trans=m$ into a *rysalis1 & = a long "t lives 9 a w>m1 quiet little _w4 ,p]haps if x _h human consci\sness x w\ld decl>e t t _w 0 ! be/1 p]haps ! only "o possible to live 94 ,b !re comes a "t :5 "s unkn[n influ5ce causes ! little creature to beg9 ! "w ( de/ruction4 ,if o!r cat]pill>s c\ld see x h[ horrifi$ !y w\ld be1 revolt$ to ! bottom ( _! s\l by ! awful "w 9 :i* ! insurg5t is engag$4 ,!y w\ld call x immoral1 godless1 !y w\ld beg9 to talk ab\t pessimism1 scepticism1 & s on4 ,to de/roy :at has co/ su* lab\r to con/ruct6 ,:y1 :at is wrong ) ?is complete1 cosy1 com=table little _w8 ,to keep x intact !y call to _! aid sacr$ morality & ! ideali/ic !ory ( k4 ,nobody c>es t ! cat]pill> has gr[n w+s1 t :5 x has nibbl$ its old ne/ away x w fly out into space--nobody gives a ?\ght to ?is4 ,w+s--t is my/icism2 self-nibbl+--?is is actuality4 ,^? :o are engag$ 9 su* actuality des]ve torture & execution4 ,& !re are pl5ty ( prisons & volunt>y hangm5 on ! bright e>?4 ,! majority ( books are prisons1 & great au?ors are n bad hangm54 #ej ,nietzs*e & ,do/oevsky seem to be typical inv]t$ simulators1 if "o may use ! expression4 ,!y imitat$ spiritual sanity1 al?\gh !y 7 spiritually insane4 ,!y knew _! morbidity well en\gh1 b !y exhibit$ _! disease only to t ext5t :]e freaki%ness passes = orig9ality4 ,) ! s5sitiv5ess peculi> to all :o are 9 con/ant dang]1 !y nev] w5t beyond ! limits4 ,! axe ( ! guillot9e ( public op9ion hung ov] !m3 "o awkw>d move1 & ! execution automatically takes place4 ,b !y knew h[ to avoid unw>rantable moves4 #ea ,! s-call$ ultimate que/ions tr\bl$ mank9d 9 ! _w's dawn z badly z !y tr\ble u n[4 ,adam & ,eve want$ to "k1 & !y pluck$ ! fruit at _! risk4 ,ca91 ^: sacrifice did n please ,god1 rais$ 8 h& aga9/ 8 bro!r3 & x seem$ to him he committ$ murd] 9 ! "n ( ju/ice1 9 v9dication ( 8 own injur$ rights4 ,nobody has ev] be5 able to und]/& :y ,god pref]r$ ,abel's sacrifice to t ( ,ca94 ,9 our own day ,salli]i repeats ,ca9's v5geance & poisons 8 fri5d & b5efactor ,mozz>t1 accord+ to ! poem ( ,p\%k94 ,all say1 !re is no ju/ice on e>?2 b !re is no ju/ice up above3 ?is is z cle> to me z a simple scale ( music4 ,no man on e>? c fail to recognise 9 ^! words 8 own torm5t+ d\bts4 ,! outcome is creative trag$y1 :i* = "s my/]i\s reason has be5 consid]$ up till n[ z ! highe/ =m ( human creation4 ,ev]y?+ is be+ unriddl$ & expla9$4 ,if we comp>e our k ) t ( ! anci5ts1 we appe> v wise4 ,b we are no ne>] to solv+ ! riddle ( et]nal ju/ice ?an ,ca9 04 ,progress1 civilisation1 all ! conque/s ( ! human m9d h br\ght u no?+ new "h4 ,l our ance/ors1 we /& /ill ) fright & p]plexity be=e ugl9ess1 disease1 mis]y1 s5ility1 dea?4 ,all t ! wise m5 h be5 able to d s f> is to turn ! e>?ly horrors into problems4 ,we are told t p]haps all t is horrible only appe>s horrible1 t p]haps at ! end ( ! long j\rney some?+ new awaits u4 ,p]haps6 ,b ! mod]n educat$ man1 ) ! wisdom ( all ! c5turies ( mank9d at 8 comm&1 kn[s no m ab\t x ?an ! old s+] :o solv$ univ]sal problems at 8 own risk4 ,we1 ! *ildr5 ( a moribund civilisation1 we1 old m5 f our bir?1 9 ?is respect are z "y z ! fir/ man4 #eb ,!y say x is impossible to set a b\nd betwe5 ! ,i & society4 ,navet6 ,crusoes are to be f\nd n only on des]t isl&s4 ,!y are !re1 9 popul\s cities4 ,x is true !y are n clad 9 sk9s1 !y h no d>k ,fridays 9 att5dance1 & s nobody recognises !m4 ,b surely ,friday & a fur jacket d n make a ,crusoe4 ,lonel9ess1 des]tion1 a b\ndless1 %oreless sea1 on :i* no sail has ris5 = t5s ( ye>s1--d n _m ( our contempor>ies live 9 su* a circum/ance8 ,& are !y n ,crusoes1 to :om ! re/ ( p h become a vague rem9isc5ce1 b>ely di/+ui%able f a dream8 #ec ,to be irrem$iably unhappy--?is is %ameful4 ,an irrem$iably unhappy p]son is outside ! laws ( ! e>?4 ,any connection betwe5 him & society is sev]$ f9ally4 ,& s9ce1 soon] or lat]1 e individual is doom$ to irrem$iable unhapp9ess1 ! la/ ^w1 ( philosophy is lonel9ess4 #ed ,x is bett] to be an unhappy man1 ?an a happy pig4 ,! utilit>ians hop$ by ?is gold5 bridge to get ov] ! *asm :i* sep>ates !m f ! promis$ l& ( ! ideal4 ,b psy*ology /epp$ 9 & rudely int]rupt$3 ,!re are no unhappy p1 ! unhappy ones are all pigs4 ,do/oevsky's philosoph] ( ! und]world1 ,raskolnikov1 also ,hamlet1 & su*-l1 are n simply unhappy m5 ^: fate might be e/eem$1 or ev5 pref]r$ be=e "s happy fates2 !y are simply unhappy sw9e4 ,& !y !mselves are pr9cipally aw>e ( x4444 ,he t ha? e>s to he>1 let him he>4 #ee ,if y want p to envy y y\r sorr[ or y\r %ame1 look z if y 7 pr\d ( x4 ,if y h only en\gh ( ! actor 9 y1 re/ assur$1 y w become ! h]o ( ! day4 ,s9ce ! p>able ( ! ,ph>isee & ! publican 0 utt]$1 :at a lot ( p :o c\ld n fulfil _! sacr$ duties pret5d$ to be publicans & s9n]s1 & s ar\s$ sympa?y1 ev5 envy4 #ef ,philosoph]s de>ly love to call _! utt]ances tru?s1 s9ce 9 t guise !y become b9d+ ^u u all4 ,b ea* philosoph] inv5ts 8 own tru?s4 ,:i* means t he asks 8 pupils to deceive !mselves 9 ! way he %[s1 b t he res]ves = himself ! option ( deceiv+ himself 9 8 own way4 ,:y8 ,:y n all[ ev]yone to deceive himself j z he likes8 #eg ,:5 ,xan?ippe p\r$ slops ov] ,socrates1 z he return$ f 8 philosophical occupations1 tradition says t he obs]v$3 ,aft] a /orm !re is always ra94 ,w\ld x n be m wor?y 7n ( ! philosoph]1 b ( philosophy7 to say3 ,aft] "o's philosophical ex]cise1 "o feels z if "o _h _h ,slops empti$ ov] "o's head4 ,& !re=e ,xan?ippe did b give outw>d expression to :at _h tak5 place 9 ,socrates' s\l4 ,symbols are n always beautiful4 #eh ,f ! notes ( an und]world man--,i read little1 ,i write little1 &1 x seems to me1 ,i ?9k little4 ,he :o is ill-dispos$ t[>ds me w say t ?is %[s a great defect 9 my "*1 p]haps he w call me lazy1 an ,oblomov1 & w repeat ! copy-book maxim t idl5ess is ! "m ( all ! vices4 ,a fri5d1 on ! o!r h&1 w say x is only a tempor>y /ate1 t p]haps ,i am n q well--9 %ort1 he w f9d r&om excuses = me1 m ) ! idea ( consol+ me ?an ( speak+ ! tru?4 ,b = my "p1 ,i say let u wait4 ,if x turns out at ! end ( my life t ,i h 'done' n less ?an o!rs--:y1 !n--x w mean t idl5ess may be a virtue4 #ei ,brne1 a contempor>y ( ,he9e1 0 v mu* (f5d$ :5 8 enemies insi/$ on expla9+ 8 misan?ropic outp\r+s z ! result ( a /oma* & liv] disease4 ,x seem$ to him mu* nobl] & l(ti] to be indignant & angry because ( ! triumph ( evil on e>?1 ?an because ( ! disord]s ( 8 own physical organs4 ,s5tim5tality ap>t--0 he "r1 & is x really nobl]8 #fj ,a real writ] disda9s to repeat f he>say ev5ts :i* he has n witness$4 ,x seems to him t$i\s & humiliat+ to tell 9 8 own words1 l a s*oolboy1 ?+s :i* he has fi%$ out ( ano!r man's books4 ,b !re--h[ c we expect him to /oop to su* insignificance6 #fa ,:il/ consci5ce /&s betwe5 ! educat$ & ! l[] classes1 z ! only possible m$iator1 !re c be no hope = mutual und]/&+4 ,consci5ce dem&s sacrifices1 no?+ b sacrifices4 ,x says to ! educat$ man3 ,y are happy1 well-(f1 le>n$--! p are poor1 unhappy1 ignorant2 r5\nce !re=e y\r well-be+1 or else soo! y\r consci5ce ) suave spee*es4 ,only he :o has no?+ to sacrifice1 no?+ to lose1 hav+ lo/ ev]y?+1 c hope to approa* ! p z an equal4 ,?is is :y ,do/oevsky & ,nietzs*e 7 n afraid to speak 9 _! own "n1 & did n feel compell$ ei!r to /ret* up or to /oop d[n 9 ord] to be on a level ) m54 #fb ,n to "k :at y want is consid]$ a %ameful weakness4 ,to confess x is to lose = ev] n only ! reputation ( a writ]1 b ev5 ( a man4 ,none ! less1 consci5ce dem&s su* a confession4 ,true1 9 ?is case z 9 mo/ o!rs ! dem&s ( consci5ce are satisfi$ only :5 !y incur no v dire consequ5ces4 ,leav+ aside ! fact t p are no long] t]rifi$ ( ! once-s-t]rible public op9ion 7! public has be5 tam$1 x li/5s ) rev]5ce to :at is told to x1 & nev] d>es judge7--! admission ,i d n "k myself :at ,i want seems to (f] a gu>antee ( some?+ important4 ,^? :o "k :at !y want g5]ally want trifles1 & atta9 to +lori\s ends3 ri*es1 fame1 or at ! be/1 progress or a philosophy ( _! own4 ,ev5 n[ x is sometimes n a s9 to laugh at su* wond]s1 & may-be ! "t is com+ :5 a rehabilitat$ ,hamlet w ann\nce1 n ) %ame b ) pride3 ,i don't 9 ! lea/ "k :at ,i want4 ,& ! cr[d w applaud him1 = ! cr[d always applauds h]oes & pr\d m54 #fc ,fe> ( dea? is expla9$ conclusively by ! desire = self-pres]vation4 ,b at t rate ! fe> %\ld disappe> 9 old & sick p1 :o ought by nature to look ) indiff]5ce on dea?4 ,:]eas ! horror ( dea? is pres5t 9 all liv+ ?+s4 ,does n ?is sugge/ t !re is /ill "s o!r reason = ! dread1 & t ev5 :]e ! pangs ( horror _c save a man f 8 end1 /ill x is a necess>y & purposeful angui%8 ,! natural-sci5tific explanation "h1 z usual1 /ops halfway1 & fails to lead ! human m9d to ! promis$ goal4 #fd ,moral indignation is only a ref9$ =m ( anci5t v5geance4 ,once ang] spoke ) dagg]s1 n[ words w d4 ,& happy is ! man :o1 lov+ & ?ir/+ to *a/ise 8 (f5d]1 yet is appeas$ :5 ! (f5ce is puni%$4 ,on acc\nt ( ! gratification x (f]s to ! passions1 morality1 :i* has replac$ bloody *a/isem5t1 w n easily' lose its *>m4 ,b !re are (f5ces1 deep1 un=gettable (f5ces1 inflict$ n by p1 b by laws ( nature4 ,h[ are we to settle ^!8 ,"h nei!r dagg] nor indignant ^w w s]ve4 ,!re=e1 = him :o has once run f\l ( ! laws ( nature morality s9ks1 = ev] or = a "t1 into subsidi>y importance4 #fe ,fatalism fright5s p p>ticul>ly 9 t =m :i* holds x j to say1 ( any?+ t happ5s1 or has happ5$1 or w happ53 be x s6 ,h[ c "o acquiesce 9 ! actuality ( life1 :5 x conta9s s _m horrors8 ,b amor fati does n imply et]nal acquiesc5ce 9 actuality4 ,x is only a truce1 = a m or less la/+ p]iod4 ,"t is ne$$ 9 :i* to e/imate ! =ces & int5tions ( ! enemy4 ,"u ! mask ( fri5d%ip ! old enmity p]si/s1 & an awful rev5ge is 9 prep>ation4 #ff ,9 ! ultimate que/ions ( life we are n a bit ne>] ! tru? ?an our ance/ors 74 ,ev]ybody kn[s x1 & yet s _m g on talk+ ab\t inf9ity1 )\t any hope ( ev] say+ any?+4 ,x is evid5t t a result--9 ! usual acceptance ( ! ^w--is n necess>y4 ,9 ! v la/ resort we tru/ to in/9ct1 ev5 9 ! field ( philosophy1 :]e reason is suppos$ to reign supreme1 utt]+ its et]nal ,:y8 ,:y8 laughs at all possible becauses4 ,in/9ct1 h[ev]1 does n mock4 ,x simply ignores ! :ys1 & leads u by impossible ways to ends t our div9e reason w\ld hold absurd1 if x c\ld only see !m 9 "t4 ,b reason is a lagg>d1 )\t mu* =esight1 &1 !re=e1 :5 we h run up to an unexpect$ conclusion1 no?+ rema9s b = reason to accept3 or ev5 to ju/ify1 to exalt ! new ev5t4 ,& !re=e1--reality is reasonable1 say ! philosoph]s3 reasonable1 n only :5 !y draw _! philosophic ,sal>ies1 z ! sociali/s1 & ) !m our philosoph] ,vladimir ,soloviov1 expla92 b /ill reasonable ev5 :5 philosoph]s h _! ma9t5ance tak5 away f !m4 ,nay1 9 ! latt] case1 p>ticul>ly 9 ! latt] case1 9 spite ( ! sociali/s & ,,vi4 ,soloviov1 reality %[s h]self mo/ reasonable4 ,a philosoph] p]secut$1 d[ntrodd51 hungry1 cold1 receiv+ no sal>y1 is ne>ly always an extreme fatali/--al?\gh ?is1 ( c\rse1 by no means h9d]s him f abus+ ! exi/+ ord]4 ,!ories ( sequ5ce & consequ5ce1 z we already "k1 are b9d+ only ^u disciples1 ^: s+le virtue lies 9 _! scrupul\s1 logical develop+ ( ! ma/]'s idea4 ,b ma/]s !mselves inv5t ideas1 &1 !re=e1 h ! "r to sub/itute "o = ano!r4 ,! sov]eign p[] :i* proclaims a law has ! same p[] to aboli% x4 ,b ! duty ( ! subord9ate consi/s 9 ! praise1 9 ! consequ5tial int]pretation & ! /rict obs]vance ( ! dictates ( ! high] w4 #fg ,! ,ph>isee 9 ! p>able fulfill$ all t religion dem&$ ( him3 kept 8 fa/s1 paid 8 ti!s1 etc4 ,_h he a "r to be pleas$ ) 8 own piety1 & to despise ! err+ publican8 ,ev]ybody ?\ght s1 includ+ ! ,ph>isee himself4 ,! judgm5t ( ,*ri/ came z ! greate/ surprise to him4 ,he _h a cle> consci5ce4 ,he did n m]ely pret5d be=e o!rs to be righte\s1 he himself believ$ 9 8 own righte\sness4 ,& sudd5ly he turns out guilty1 awfully guilty4 ,b if ! consci5ce ( a righte\s man does n help him to di/+ui% betwe5 good & evil1 h[ is he to avoid s98 ,:at does ,kant's moral law mean1 t law :i* 0 z consol+ z ! />ry sky8 ,kant liv$ 8 life 9 pr(\nd peace ( s\l1 he met 8 dea? quietly1 9 ! consci\sness ( 8 own purity4 ,b if ,*ri/ came aga91 he might condemn ! s]5e philosoph] = 8 v s]5ity4 ,= ! ,ph>isee1 we repeat1 0 righte\s1 if purity ( int5tions1 toge!r ) a firm read9ess to fulfil ev]y?+ :i* appe>s1 to him 9 ! light ( duty1 be righte\sness 9 a man4 #fh ,we je] & laugh at a man n because he is ridicul\s1 b because we want to h a laugh out ( him4 ,9 ! same way we are indignant1 n because ?is or ! o!r act is revolt+ to u1 b because we want to let (f our /eam4 ,b x does n foll[ f ?is t we ought always to be calm & smoo?4 ,woe to him :o w\ld try to realise ! ideal ( ju/ice on e>?4 #fi ,we ?9k ) peculi> int5sity dur+ ! h>d mom5ts ( our life--we write :5 we h no?+ else to d4 ,s t a writ] c only communicate some?+ ( importance 9 reproduc+ ! pa/4 ,:5 we are driv5 to ?9k1 we h un=tunately no m9d to write1 :i* acc\nts = ! fact t books are nev] m ?an a feeble e*o ( :at a man has gone ?r\gh4 #gj ,t*ekhov has a /ory call$ ,mis=tune :i* well illu/rates ! difficulty a man f9ds 9 adapt+ himself to a new tru?1 if ?is tru? ?reat5 ! security ( 8 condition4 ,! ,m]*ant ,avdey] does n believe t he is condemn$1 t he has be5 br\ght to trial1 & tri$1 & f\nd guilty1 = 8 irregul>ities 9 a public bank4 ,he /ill ?9ks ! v]dict is yet to come--he /ill waits4 ,9 ! _w ( le>n+ some?+ l ?is is happ5+4 ,! educat$ h become s accu/om$ to ?9k !mselves n guilty1 p]fectly 9 ! "r1 t !y d n admit = a mom5t ev5 n[ t !y are br\ght to c\rt4 ,:5 ?reat5+ voices rea* !m1 call+ !m to give an acc\nt ( !mselves1 !y only suspici\sly %rug _! %\ld]s4 ,all ?is w pass away--!y ?9k4 ,well1 :5 at la/ !y are conv9c$ t mis=tune has befall5 !m1 !y w probably beg9 to ju/ify !mselves1 l ,avdey]1 decl>+ t !y _c ev5 read pr9t$ matt] suffici5tly well4 ,z yet1 !y pass = respectable1 wise1 exp]i5c$1 omnisci5t m54 #ga ,if a man _h come to ,do/oevsky & said to him1 ,i am hopelessly unhappy1 ! great arti/ 9 human mis]y w\ld probably1 at ! bottom ( 8 s\l1 h laugh$ at ! navet ( ! poor creature4 ,may "o confess su* ?+s ( oneself8 ,may "o g to su* l5g?s ( compla9t1 & /ill expect consolation f 8 neighb\r8 ,hopelessness is ! mo/ solemn & supreme mom5t 9 life4 ,till t po9t we h be5 assi/$--n[ we are left to ourselves4 ,previ\sly we _h to d ) m5 & human laws--n[ ) et]nity1 & ) ! complete abs5ce ( laws4 ,is x n obvi\s8 #gb ,byel9sky1 9 8 fam\s lett]1 accuses ,gogol1 among o!r ?+s1 t 9 8 ,correspond5ce ) ,fri5ds1 he1 ,gogol1 succumbs to ! fe> ( dea?1 ( devils1 & ( hell4 ,i f9d ! accusation j3 ,gogol def9itely fe>$ dea?1 demons1 & hell4 ,! po9t is1 :e!r x is n "r to fe> ^! ?+s1 & :e!r fe>lessness w\ld be a pro( ( ! high developm5t ( a man's s\l4 ,s*op5hau] ass]ts t dea? inspir$ philosophy4 ,all ! be/ poetry1 all ! wond]ful my?ology ( ! anci5ts & ( mod]n peoples h = _! s\rce ! fe> ( dea?4 ,only mod]n sci5ce =bids m5 to fe>1 & insi/s on a tranquil attitude t[>ds dea?4 ,s we arrive at utilit>ianism & ! positivi/ philosophy4 ,if y wi% to be rid ( bo? ^! cre$s y mu/ be all[$ to ?9k aga9 ( dea?1 & )\t %ame to fe> hell & its devils4 ,x may be !re is really a c]ta9 ju/ification = conceal+ fe>s ( su* k9d3 9 ! ability to conceal "o's agitation at mom5ts ( great dang] !re is a true beauty4 ,b to dead5 human s5sitiv5ess & to keep ! human intellig5ce )9 ! b\nds ( p]ception1 su* a task c h *>ms only = a petty creature4 ,happily1 mank9d has no means by :i* to p]=m on itself su* mon/r\s ca/ration4 ,p]secut$ ,eros1 x is true1 has hidd5 himself f ! eyes ( 8 enemies1 b he has nev] abjur$ himself2 & ev5 ! /ricte/ m$ieval monks c\ld n completely te> out _! he>ts f _! brea/s4 ,simil>ly ) ! aspiration t[>ds ! inf9ite3 sci5ce p]secut$ x & put a veto on x4 ,b laboratory work]s !mselves1 soon] or lat]1 recov] _! s5ses1 & ?ir/ily long to get out ( ! enclosure ( positive k1 ) t same ?ir/y long+ t tortur$ ! monks :o want$ to get out ( ! enclosure ( mona/]y walls4 #gc ,if fate--& !y say !re is su* a law--puni%es crim9als1 x has its p5alty also = ! lov]s ( good4 ,! =m] x ?rottles1 ! latt] x spits ^u4 ,! =m] end 9 bitt] torm5t1 ! latt]--9 ignom9y4 #gd ,philosophy has always lov$ to occupy ! position ( a s]vant4 ,9 ! ,middle ,ages %e 0 ! ancilla !ologi1 n[adays %e waits on sci5ce4 ,at ! same "t %e calls h]self ! sci5ce ( sci5ces4 #ge ,i wond] :i* m effectually makes a man ru% =w>ds )\t look+ back3 ! k t beh9d him hov]s ! head ( ,m$usa1 ) horrible snakes1 ready to turn him into /one2 or ! c]ta9ty t 9 ! re> lies ! un*angeable ord] laid d[n by ! law ( causality & by mod]n sci5ce4 ,judg+ f :at we see1 judg+ f ! degree ( t5sion :i* human ?\ght has rea*$ to-day1 x w\ld seem t ! head ( ,m$usa is less t]rible ?an ! law ( causality4 ,9 ord] to escape ! latt]1 man w face any?+4 ,r ?an return to ! bosom ( sci5tific cause & effect1 he embraces madness3 n t f9e fr5zy ( madness :i* sp5ds itself 9 fi]y spee*es1 b te*nical madness1 = :i* "o is /[$ away 9 a lunatic asylum4 #gf ,to exp]i5ce a feel+ ( joy or sorr[1 ( triumph or despair1 ennui or happ9ess1 & s on1 )\t hav+ suffici5t cause = su* feel+1 is an unfail+ sign ( m5tal disease4444 ,"o ( ! mod]n tru?s :i* is see+ its la/ days4 #gg ,c\nt ,tol/oy's ,g]man biograph] regrets ! con/ant misund]/&+ & qu>rels :i* took place betwe5 ,tol/oy & ,turg5ev4 ,he rem9ds u ( ,goe! & ,s*ill]1 & ?9ks t ,russian lit]ature w\ld h ga9$ a great deal if ! two rem>kable ,russian writ]s _h be5 m pacific1 _h rema9$ on con/antly fri5dly t]ms ) "o ano!r1 & bequea!d to po/]ity a c\ple ( volumes ( lett]s deal+ ) lit]>y & philosophic subjects4 ,x might h be5 v nice--b ,i refuse to imag9e ,tol/oy & ,turg5ev keep+ up a long1 peaceful correspond5ce1 p>ticul>ly on high subjects4 ,ne>ly e "o ( ,turg5ev's op9ions drove ,tol/oy to madness1 or 0 capable ( s driv+ him4 ,do/oevsky's dislike ( ,turg5ev 0 ev5 /rong] ?an ,tol/oy's2 he wrote ( him v spitefully & (f5sively1 libell+ him r ?an draw+ a c>icature4 ,evid5tly ,do/oevsky1 l ,tol/oy1 dete/$ ! ,european 9 _! confr]e4 ,b "h he 0 mi/ak51 9 spite ( 8 psy*ological acut5ess4 ,to ,do/oevsky1 x 0 en\gh t ,turg5ev wore ,european clo!s & tri$ to appe> l a we/]n]4 ,he himself did ! opposite3 he tri$ to get rid ( e trace ( ,europeanism f himself1 app>5tly )\t great success1 s9ce he fail$ to make cle> to himself :]e9 lay ! /r5g? ( ,europe1 & :]e h] /+4 ,nev]!less1 ! late ,mikhailovsky is n wrong 9 call+ ,do/oevsky a seek] ( buri$ treasure4 ,surely1 9 ! second half ( 8 lit]>y activity ,do/oevsky no long] s\ght = ! real fruits ( life4 ,!re awoke 9 him ! ,russian1 ! elem5tal man1 ) a ?ir/ = ! miracul\s4 ,comp>$ ) :at he want$1 ! fruits ( ,european civilisation seem$ to him trivial1 flat1 insipid4 ,! age-long civilisation ( 8 neighb\rs told him t !re nev] _h be5 a miracle1 & nev] w\ld be4 ,b all 8 be+1 n yet brok5-9 by civilisation1 crav$ = ! /up5d\s unkn[n4 ,!re=e1 ! app>5tly-satisfi$ progressivi/ enrag$ him4 ,tol/oy once said ( ,turg5ev3 ,i hate 8 democratic backside4 ,do/oevsky might h repeat$ ^! words4444 ,& n[1 = ! gratification ( ! ,g]man critic1 please reconcile ! ,russian writ]s & make !m talk s]5ely on high-fl[n matt]s6 ,do/oevsky 0 )9 a hair's-brea? ( a qu>rel ) ,tol/oy1 ) :om1 n long be=e dea? int]rupt$ him1 he began a long controv]sy conc]n+ ,anna ,k>59a4 ,ev5 ,tol/oy seem$ to him too compliant1 too accommodat+4 #gh ,we r>ely make a display ( t :i* is de> to u1 ne> & de> & necess>y4 ,on ! o!r h&1 we readily exhibit t :i* is ( no importance to u--!re is no?+ else to be done ) x4 ,a man takes 8 mi/ress to ! !atre & /icks h] 9 full view ( ev]ybody2 he pref]s to rema9 at home ) ! woman he loves1 or to g ab\t ) h] quietly1 unnotic$4 ,s ) our ,virtues4 ,e "t we notice 9 ourselves "s quality we d n prize we ha/e to make a %[ ( x1 ?9k+ p]haps t someone w\ld be glad ( x4 ,if x w9s u approval1 we are pleas$--s !re is "s ga94 ,to an actor1 a writ]1 or an orator1 8 own antics1 )\t :i* he c h no success ) ! public1 are (t5 disgu/+4 ,& yet 8 knack ( mak+-su* antics he consid]s a tal5t1 a div9e gift1 & he w\ld r die ?an t x %\ld be lo/ to ! public4 ,tal5t1 on ! :ole1 is acc\nt$ a div9e gift1 only because x is always on %[1 because x s]ves ! public 9 "s way or o!r4 ,all our judgm5ts are p]meat$ ?r\gh & ?r\gh ) utilit>ianism1 & 7 we to attempt to purify !m f ?is adult]ation :at w\ld rema9 ( mod]n philosophy8 ,t is :y y\ngi%1 inexp]i5c$ writ]s usually believe 9 h>monia prae/abilitata1 ev5 ?\gh !y h nev] he>d ( ,leibnitz4 ,!y p]suade !mselves t !re is no brea* betwe5 egoi/ic & ideali/ic aspirations2 t1 = in/ance1 ?ir/ = fame & desire to s]ve mank9d are "o & ! same ?+4 ,su* a p]suasion is usually v t5aci\s ( life1 & la/s long 9 m5 ( vigor\s & c\rage\s m9d4 ,x seems to me t ,p\%k9 w\ld n h lo/ x1 ev5 _h he liv$ to a prolong$ old age4 ,x 0 also "p ( ,turg5ev's belief--if a man ( 8 spiritual fibre c\ld h any belief4 ,tol/oy n[ believ$1 & n[ disbeliev$1 accord+ to ! "w he _h 9 h&4 ,:5 he _h o!r p's ideas to de/roy he d\bt$ ! id5tity ( egoi/ic & ideali/ aspirations2 :5 he _h 8 own to def5d1 he believ$ 9 x4 ,:i* is a l9e ( conduct wor?y ( att5tion1 & supremely wor?y ( imitation2 = human tru?s are prop] exclusively = ancill>y purposes4444 #gi ,man is su* a cons]vative creature t any *ange1 ev5 a *ange = ! bett]1 sc>es him1 he pref]s ! bad old way to ! new good "o4 ,a man :o has be5 all 8 life a confirm$ mat]iali/ w\ld n cons5t to believe t ! s\l 0 immortal1 n if x 7 prov$ to him m geometrico1 & n if he 7 a con/itutional c[>d1 fe>+ dea? l ,%akespe>e's ,fal/aff4 ,!n we mu/ take human conceit into acc\nt4 ,m5 d n l to admit !mselves wrong4 ,x is absurd1 b x is s4 ,m51 trivial1 wret*$ creatures1 prov$ by hi/ory & by e common ev5t to be bungl]s1 yet mu/ ne$s consid] !mselves infallible1 omnisci5t4 ,:at =8 ,:y n admit _! ignorance flatly & frankly8 ,true1 x is easi] said ?an done4 ,b :y %\ld slavi% intellect1 9 spite ( our desire to be /raight=w>d1 deck u out ) w\ld-be tru?s1 ( :i* we _c dive/ ourselves ev5 :5 we "k _! flims9ess4 ,socrates want$ to ?9k t he knew no?+--b he c\ld n br+ x (f4 ,he mo/ absorb$ly believ$ 9 8 own k2 no?+ c\ld be tru?1 except 8 tea*+2 he accept$ ! decree ( ! oracle1 & s9c]ely e/eem$ himself ! wise/ ( m54 ,& s x w be1 z long z philosoph]s feel x _! duty to tea* & to save _! neighb\rs4 ,if a man wants to help p1 he is b\nd to become a li>4 ,we %\ld und]take d\bt s]i\sly1 n 9 ord] to return at l5g? to e/abli%$ beliefs1 = t w\ld be a vici\s circle4 ,exp]i5ce %[s u t su* a process1 c]ta9ly 9 ! developm5t ( ultimate que/ions1 only leads f error to error2 we %\ld d\bt s t d\bt becomes a cont9u\s creative =ce1 inspir+ ! v ess5ce ( our life4 ,= e/abli%$ k argues 9 u a condition ( imp]fect receptivity4 ,! weak1 flabby _s _c be> quick1 ceaseless *ange4 ,x mu/ look r\nd1 x mu/ h "t to ga!r its wits1 & s x mu/ und]go ! same exp]i5ce "t aft] "t4 ,x ne$s ! support & ! security ( habit1 ,b ! well-gr[n s\l despises y\r crut*es4 ,he is tir$ ( crawl+ on 8 own cabbage pat*1 he te>s himself away f 8 own native soil1 & takes himself (f into ! f> di/ances1 brav+ ! inf9itude ( space4 ,surely ev]ybody kn[s we are n to live 9 ! _w = ev]4 ,b c[>dice prev5ts "o /raight=w>d admitt+ ( x1 we keep x close till !re is an occasion to air x z a truism4 ,only :5 mis=tune1 disease1 old age come ^u u1 !n ! dread fe> ( dep>ture walks ) u l our own skeleton4 ,we _c dismiss him4 ,at l5g?1 involunt>ily1 we beg9 to exam9e our gruesome companion ) curiosity4 ,& !n1 /rangely en\gh1 we obs]ve t he n only tortures u1 b1 keep+ pace ) u1 he has begun to gnaw ?r\gh all ! ?reads t b9d u to ! old exi/5ce4 ,at mom5ts x seems z if1 a few m ?reads gone1 no?+1 no?+ w rema9 to hold u back1 ! et]nal dream ( crawl+ man w be fulfill$1 we %all be releas$ f ! bonds1 we %all betake ourselves 9 lib]ty to regions f> f ?is damn$ vale ( e>?4444 #hj ,morali/s are abus$ because !y (f] u moral consolations4 ,?is is n q fair4 ,morali/s w\ld joyfully sub/itute palpable bless+s = _! ab/ract gifts1 if !y c\ld4 ,:5 he 0 "y1 ,tol/oy want$ to make m5 happy2 :5 he 0 old1 & knew he c\ld n make !m happy1 he began to prea* r5unciation1 resignation1 & s =?4 ,& h[ angry he got :5 p w\ldn't h 8 tea*+6 ,b if1 in/ead ( foi/+ 8 doctr9es (f on u z ! solution ( ! ultimate problems1 & z optimism1 he _h only spok5 ( ! impossibility ( f9d+ satisfactory answ]s1 & h (f]$ himself z a pessimi/1 he w\ld probably h obta9$ a mu* m will+ he>+4 ,n[ he is annoy+1 because1 f9d+ himself unable to relieve 8 neighb\rs1 he turns to !m & insi/s t !y %all consid] !mselves reliev$ by him1 nay1 ev5 made happy by him4 ,to :i* _m w n agree3 = :y %\ld !y volunt>ily r5\nce _! rights8 ,s9ce al?\gh1 ,god kn[s1 ! "r ( qu>rell+ ) "o's fate1 & curs+ x1 is n a v gr& "r1 /ill1 x is a "r 444 #ha ,ivanov1 9 ,t*ekhov's drama ( t "n1 comp>es himself to an ov]/ra9$ lab\r]4 ,! lab\r] dies1 s t all t rema9s to ,ivanov is to die4 ,b logic1 z y "k1 recomm5ds great caution 9 com+ to conclusions by analogy4 ,behold ,t*ekhov himself1 :o1 z f> z we c judge1 _h endur$ 9 8 own s\l all ! trag$y1 j z ,ivanov _h1 did n die or ?9k ( dy+1 or ev5 turn out a wa/$ man4 ,he is do+ some?+1 he /ruggles1 he seeks1 8 "w seems important & consid]able to u1 j l o!r human works4 ,ivanov %ot himself because ! drama mu/ end1 :ile ,t*ekhov _h n yet f9i%$ 8 own /ruggle4 ,our ae/hetics dem& t ! drama mu/ h a climax & a f9ale3 ?\gh we h ab&on$ ! ,ari/otelian unities4 ,giv5 a little m "t1 h[ev]1 dramatic writ]s w h got rid ( ?is re/riction also4 ,!y w frankly confess t !y d n "k h[1 or ) :at ev5t to end _! dramas4 ,/ories h already le>nt to disp5se ) an end+4 #hb ,m ( ! same4--,ivanov says3 ,n[1 :]e is my salvation8 ,9 :at8 ,if an intellig5t1 educat$1 heal?y man = no discov]able reason sets up a ,laz>us lam5t & />ts to roll d[n an incl9$ plane1 !n he is roll+ )\t resi/+1 & !re is no salvation = him4 ,"o way out w\ld be to accept ! incl9$ plane & ! ga!r+ impetus z normal4 ,ev5 fur!r1 "o might f9d 9 ! roll+ desc5t a pro( ( "o's spiritual sup]iority to o!r m54 ,( c\rse 9 su* a case "o %\ld g ap>t f ! re/1 n c\rt "y girls or frat]nise ) ^? :o are liv+ ! ord9>y life1 b be alone4 ,love is nons5se1 c>esses maudl91 "w is mean+less1 & song & fi]y spee*es are banal1 play$-out1 cont9u$ ,ivanov4 ,to "y ,sa%a ^! words are horrible1--b ,ivanov w be responsible = !m4 ,he is already responsible = !m4 ,t he is tott]+ is no?+3 x is /ill full e>ly = him to %oot himself4 ,he w live :il/ 8 creator1 ,t*ekhov1 lives4 ,& we %all li/5 to ! %aky1 vacillat+ philosophy4 ,we are s sick ( symmetry & h>mony & f9ality1 sick z we are ( b\rgeois self-complac5cy4 #hc ,x w be se5 f ! above t already 9 ,ivanov1 "o ( 8 e>ly works1 ,t*ekhov has assum$ ! rle ( advocatus diaboli4 ,:]ev] ,ivanov appe>s he br+s ru9 & de/ruction4 ,x is true1 ,t*ekhov hesitates to take 8 side op5ly1 & evid5tly does n "k :at to d ) 8 h]o1 s t 9 ! end he %akes him (f1 s to speak1 he wa%es 8 h&s ( him 9 ! accept$ fa%ion3 ,ivanov %oots himself 9 ! sight ( ev]ybody1 has n ev5 "t to g discreetly into a corn]4 ,! only ju/ification ( ,ivanov is t c>icature ( hone/y1 ,doctor ,lvov4 ,lvov is n a liv+ figure--t is obvi\s4 ,b ?is is :y he is rem>kable4 ,x is rem>kable t ,t*ekhov %\ld deem x necess>y to resurrect ! =gott5 ,/>od\m1 t utt]] ( truisms 9 ,fon-,vis9's com$y2 & to resurrect him no long] t p may b[ _! heads be=e ! inc>nation ( virtue1 b s t !y %all je] at him4 ,look at ,doctor ,lvov6 ,is he n ,/>od\m alive aga98 ,he is hone/y p]sonifi$4 ,f =ce ( old habit1 hone/y /icks 8 *e/ out1 & speaks 9 a l\d voice1 ) imp]i\s tone1 & yet n "o ( ?is old loyal subjects gives a brass f>?+ = him4 ,!y don't ev5 tr\ble to gibe at him1 b spit on him & %ove him ?r\gh ! door1 z a disgu/+ & impud5t toady4 ,poor hone/y6 ,:at has he sunk to6 ,evid5tly virtues1 l ev]y?+ else1 %\ld n live too long on e>?4 ,t*ekhov's ,uncle ,vanya is wait+ to ?r[ himself on ! neck ( 8 fri5d & rival1 ! doctor1 ?r[ himself on 8 neck & sob !re l a little *ild1 ,b he f9ds t ! doctor himself has an unqu5*able ?ir/ = consolation & enc\ragem5t1 :il/ poor ,sonia c be> h] maid5 sorr[s no long]4 ,!y all g w&]+ r\nd ) big1 lo/ eyes1 look+ = someone to relieve !m f "p ( _! woes1 at lea/4 ,& lo1 ev]ybody is 9 ! same /reet z !mselves4 ,all are ov]-heavy-lad51 n "o c c>ry 8 own burd51 let alone give a lift to ano!r's4 ,! la/ consolation is tak5 away4 ,x is no use compla9+3 !re is no sympa!tic response4 ,on all faces ! same expression ( hopelessness & despair4 ,ea* mu/ be> 8 cross 9 sil5ce4 ,none may weep nor utt] pitiful cries--x w\ld be uncall$-= & indec5t4 ,:5 ,uncle ,vanya1 :o has n realis$ at once ! extremity ( 8 situation1 beg9s to cry out3 ,my life's a wa/e6 nobody wants to li/5 to him4 ,wa/e1 wa/e6 ,ev]ybody kn[s x's a wa/e6 ,%ut y\r m\?1 h[l+ won't help y3 nei!r w pi/ol-%ots solve any?+4 ,ev]yone ( u might />t y\r cry--b we don't1 nei!r d we %\t3 --,y ?9k ,i'll weep2 ,no1 ,i'll n weep3 ,i h full cause ( weep+1 ,b ?is he>t %all break into a hundr$ ?\s& flaws1 ,or ere ,i'll weep2 ,o ,fool1 ,i %all g mad4 ,gradually !re settles d[n a dreadful1 et]nal sil5ce ( ! cemet]y4 ,all g mad1 )\t words1 !y realise :at is happ5+ )9 !m1 & make up _! m9ds = ! la/ %ift3 to hide _! grief = ev] f m51 & to speak 9 commonplace1 trivial words :i* w be accept$ z s5sible1 s]i\s1 & ev5 l(ty expressions4 ,no long] w anyone cry3 ,life is a wa/e1 & intrude 8 feel+s on 8 neighb\rs4 ,ev]ybody kn[s t x is %ameful = "o's life to be a wa/e1 & t ?is %ame %\ld be hidd5 f e eye4 ,! la/ law on e>? is--lonel9ess4 ,rsigne-toi1 mon cur1 dors ton sommeil de brute6 #he ,gr\ndless assumptions4--,bas$ on no?+1 because !y seem to d]ive f common assumption ( ! reasonabl5ess ( human exi/5ce1 :i* assumption surely is ! *ild ( our desires1 & probably a ba/>d at t44444 ,9 8 ,mis]ly ,knight ,p\%k9 repres5t$ a mis] z a romantic figure4 ,gogol1 ) 8 ,plyu%k91 creates on ! contr>y a repulsive figure ( a mis]4 ,gogol 0 ne>] to reality4 ,a mis] is ugly1 :atev] view y take ( him--inw>d or outw>d4 ,yet ,gogol ought n to tea* p to pres]ve 9 _! age ! ideals ( _! y\?4 ,once old age is ^u u--x mu/ n be improv$ ^u1 mu* less apologis$ =4 ,x mu/ be accept$1 & its ess5ce br\ght to light4 ,plyu%k91 ! vulg>1 dirty maniac is disgu/+--b :o kn[s8 p]haps he is fulfill+ ! s]i\s mission ( 8 own be+4 ,he is possess$ by "o desire--to ev]y?+ else1 to all happ5+s 9 ! out] _w he is indiff]5t4 ,x is ! same to him :e!r he is hungry or full1 w>m or cold1 clean or dirty4 ,practically no ev5t c di/ract 8 att5tion f 8 s+le purpose4 ,he is dis9t]e/$ly mean1 if "o may say s4 ,he has no ne$ = 8 ri*es4 ,he lets !m rot 9 a disgu/+ heap1 & does n dream1 l ,p\%k9's knight1 ( palaces & p[]1 or ( sportive nymphs4 ,^u :at end is he conc5trat$8 ,no "o has ! "t to ?9k x out4 ,at ! sight ( ,plyu%k9 ev]yone recalls ! damage ! mis] has done4 ,ev]yone ( c\rse is "r3 ,plyu%k9s1 :o heap up =tunes to let !m rot1 are v h>mful4 ,! social judgm5t is ne>ly always to ! po9t4 ,b n q always4 ,x won't hurt morals & social consid]ations if at times !y h to hold _! tongue--& at su* times we might succe$ 9 guess+ ! riddle ( meanness1 sordidness1 old age4 #hf ,we h suffici5t gr\nds = tak+ life mi/ru/fully3 x has defraud$ u s (t5 ( our *]i%$ expectations4 ,b we h /ill /rong] gr\nds = mi/ru/+ reason3 s9ce if life deceiv$ u1 x 0 only because futile reason let h]self be deceiv$4 ,p]haps reason h]self inv5t$ ! deception1 & !n to s]ve h] own ambiti\s ends1 ?rew ! blame on life1 s t life %all appe> sick-head$4 ,b if we h to *oose betwe5 life & reason1 we *oose life1 & !n we no long] ne$ try to =esee & to expla91 we c wait1 & accept all t is unalt]able z "p ( ! game4 ,& ?us ,nietzs*e1 hav+ realis$ t all 8 hopes _h gradually crumbl$1 & t he c\ld nev] get back to 8 =m] /r5g?1 b mu/ gr[ worse & worse e day1 wrote 9 a private lett] ( ,may #bh1 #ahhc3 ,i* w es s s*w] hab51 wie nur irg5d e9 ,m5s* es hat2 er/ writ] diesem ,drucke gew9ne i* das gute ,gewiss5 dafr1 etwas zu besitz51 das w5ige ,m5s*5 hab5 und gehabt hab53 ,flgel1 um im ,glei*nisse zu r$54 ,9 ^! few simple words lies ! key to ! philosophy ( ,nietzs*e4 #hg ,s long z ,apollo calls him n to ! sacr$ (f]+1 ( all ! trifl+ *ildr5 ( m5 ! mo/ trifl+ p]haps is ! poet4 ,put ,p\%k9's expression into pla9 language1 & y w get a page on neuropa?ology4 ,all neura/h5ic individuals s9k f a /ate ( extreme excitation to "o ( complete pro/ration4 ,poets too3 & !y are pr\d ( x4 #hh ,%y p usually receive _! impressions po/-dat$4 ,dur+ ^? mom5ts :5 an ev5t is tak+ place be=e _! eyes1 !y c see no?+1 only lat] on1 hav+ evok$ f _! memory a fragm5t ( :at happ5$1 !y make = !mselves an impression ( ! :ole sc5e4 ,& !n1 retrospectively arise 9 _! s\l feel+s ( pity1 (f5ce1 surprise1 s vivid1 z if !y 7 ! flames ( ! in/ant mom5t1 n rek9dl+s f ! pa/4 ,?us %y p always ?9k a great deal1 & are always too late = _! "w4 ,x is nev] too late = ?\ght4 ,timid be=e o!rs1 !y rea* great heights ( d>+ :5 alone4 ,!y are bad speak]s--b (t5 excell5t writ]s4 ,_! life is insignificant & t$i\s1 !y are n notic$1--until !y become fam\s4 ,& by ! "t fame comes1 !y d n ne$ popul> att5tion any m4 #hi ,if ,t*ekhov's ,layevsky1 9 ,! ,duel1 _h be5 a writ] ) a lit]>y tal5t1 p w\ld h said ( him t he 0 orig9al1 & t he 0 engag$ 9 ! /udy ( ! my/icism ( sex1 l ,gabriele ,d',annunzio = example2 :]eas1 z he /&s1 he is only banal4 ,8 idl5ess is a reproa* to him3 p w\ld pref] t at lea/ he %\ld copy out extracts f docum5ts4 #ij ,f obs]vations on *ildr54--,egoism 9 a man /rikes u unpleasantly because x betrays our pov]ty4 ,i _c dole out my abundance to my neighb\r1 = if ,i d ,i myself %all be left ) little4 ,we %\ld l to be able to scatt] ri*es ) a royal h&2 &1 !re=e1 :5 we see someone else clut*+ 8 rags ) ! phrase1 prop]ty is sacr$1 we are hurt4 ,:at is sacr$ comes f ! gods1 & ! gods h pl5ty ( ev]y?+1 !y d n c\nt & skimp1 l mortals4 #ia ,we see a man rep5t = 8 actions1 & conclude t su* actions %\ld be avoid$3 an in/ance ( false1 b app>5tly irreproa*able reason+4 ,"t passes1 & we see ! same man rep5t+ aga9 ( ! self-same acts4 ,if we love logic1 ?is w confirm u 9 our fir/ conclusion4 ,b if we d n c>e = logic1 we %all say3 man is "u an equal necessity to commit ^! acts1 & to rep5t ( !m4 ,sometimes1 h[ev]1 ! fir/ conclusion is correct$ diff]5tly4 ,hav+ decid$ t rep5tance proves t a c]ta9 c\rse ( action %\ld be avoid$1 man avoids x all 8 life2 only to realise 9 ! end1 sudd5ly1 ) extraord9>y cl>ity1 h[ bitt] is 8 regret t he has n trodd5 ! =bidd5 c\rse4 ,b by ?is "t a new conclusion is already useless4 ,life is ov]1 & ! newly-enlight5$ m9d no long] kn[s h[ to rid itself ( ! ,sup]flu\s light4 #ib ,a v]sion ( "o ( ! sc5es ( ,tol/oy's ,p[] ( ,d>kness rem9ds u exactly ( a "o-act piece ( ,maet]l9ck4 ,!re c be no "q ( imitation4 ,:5 ! ,p[] ( ,d>kness 0 writt5 nobody _h he>d ( ,maet]l9ck4 ,tol/oy evid5tly want$ to try a new me?od ( creat+1 & to get rid ( 8 own mann]1 :i* he _h evolv$ ?r\gh t5s ( ye>s ( dogg$ lab\r4 ,b ! risk 0 too great4 ,he pref]r$ to cure himself ( 8 d\bts by ! common exp$i5t1 manual toil & an outdoor life4 ,s he took up ! pl\gh4 #ic ,e woodcock praises its own f52 ,l]montov saw ! sign ( spiritual pre-em95ce 9 dazzl+ :ite l951 & !re=e 8 h]oes always dress$ ) ta/e4 ,do/oevsky1 on ! o!r h&1 despis$ %[3 ,dmitri ,k>amazov we>s dirty l95--& ?is is assign$ to him z a m]it1 or almo/ a m]it4 #id ,:ile he 0 yet "y1 :5 he wrote 8 /ory1 ,en\gh1 ,turg5ev saw t some?+ t]rible hung ov] 8 life4 ,he saw1 b did n get fright5$1 al?\gh he und]/ood t 9 "t he ought to become fright5$1 because life )\t a cont9ual inn] di/urbance w\ld h no mean+ = him4 #ie ,napoleon is reput$ to h _h a pr(\nd insight into ! human s\l2 ,%akespe>e also4 ,& _! vision has no?+ 9 common4 #if ,:at we call imag9ation1 :i* we value s highly 9 great poets--is1 ess5tially1 unbridl$1 loose1 or if y w1 ev5 p]v]t$ m5tality4 ,9 ord9>y mortals we call x vice2 b to ! poets ev]y?+ is =giv5 on acc\nt ( ! b5efit & pleasure we d]ive f _! works4 ,9 spite ( our high-fl[n !ories we h always be5 extremely practical1 great utilit>ians4 ,two-&-a-half-?\s& ye>s w5t by be=e ,tol/oy got up1 &1 9 8 turn1 (f]$ ! poets _! *oice3 ei!r to be virtu\s1 or to /op creat+ & =feit ! fame ( tea*]s4 ,if ,tol/oy did n make a laugh+-/ock ( himself1 he has to ?ank 8 grey hairs & ! respect :i* 0 felt = 8 pa/4 ,anyh[1 nobody took him s]i\sly4 ,f> f x2 = nev] yet did poets feel s free f ! %ackles ( morality z !y d n[4 ,if ,s*ill] 7 writ+ 8 dramas & philosophic essays to-day1 he w\ld sc>cely f9d a read]4 ,9 ,tol/oy himself x is n s mu* 8 virtues z 8 vices :i* we f9d int]e/+4 ,we beg9 to und]/& 8 works1 n s mu* 9 ! light ( 8 /riv+ aft] ideals1 b f ! /&po9t ( t incongruity :i* exi/$ betwe5 ! ideas he artificially impos$ ^u himself1 & ! dem&s ( 8 own non-virtu ous s\l1 :i* /ruggl$ ev] = lib]ty4 ,nicol5ka ,irt5yev1 9 ,*ildhood1 & ,y\?1 w\ld sit = h\rs on ! t]race1 turn+ ov] 9 8 m9d 8 eld] bro!r ,volodya's love-mak+ ) ! *amb]maids4 ,b1 al?\gh he desir$ x m ?an any?+ on e>? he c\ld nev] br+ himself to be l ,volodya4 ,! maid said to ! eld] bro!r1 ,:y doesn't ,nicolai ,fetrovit* ev] come "h & h a l>k8 ,%e did n "k t ,nicolai ,petrovit* 0 sitt+ at t mom5t "u ! /airs1 ready to give any?+ on e>? to take ! place ( ! scamp ,volodya4 ,ev]y?+ on e>? is twice repeat$4 ,tol/oy gives a psy*ological explanation ( 8 little h]o's conduct4 ,i 0 timid by nature1 ,nicol5ka tells u1 b my %yness 0 increas$ by ! conviction ( my ugl9ess4 ,ugl9ess1 ! consci\sness ( "o's ugl9ess1 leads to %yness6 ,:at good c !re be 9 virtue :i* has su* a suspici\s orig98 ,& h[ c ! morality ( ,tol/oy's h]oes be tru/$ i ,consci\sness ( "o's ugl9ess begets %yness1 %yness drives ! passions inw>ds & all[s !m no natural outlet4 ,little by little !re develops a mon/r\s discrepancy betwe5 ! imag9ation & its desires1 on ! "o h&1 & ! p[] to satisfy ^! desires1 on ! o!r4 ,p]man5t hung]1 & a contract$ alim5t>y canal1 :i* does n pass ! food ?r\gh4 ,h5ce ! hatr$ ( ! imag9ation1 ) its unrealis$ & unrealisable crav+s4444 ,9 our day no "o has sc\rg$ love s cruelly z ,tol/oy 9 ,p[] ( ,d>kness4 ,b ! feats ( ! village ,don ,juan ne$ n necess>ily end 9 trag$y4 ,m ?an any?+ on e>?1 h[ev]1 ,tol/oy hates ! ,don ,juans1 ! h&some1 brave1 successful1 ! self-confid5t1 :o spontane\sly act ^u sugge/ion1 ! conqu]ors ( wom51 :o /ret* out _! h&s to liv+ /atues cold z /one4 ,z f> z ev] he c he has 8 rev5ge on !m 9 8 writ+4 #ig ,9 ! drama ( ! future ! :ole pres5tation w be diff]5t4 ,fir/ ( all1 ! difficulties ( ! dn\em5t w be set aside4 ,! new h]o has a pa/-rem9isc5t--b no pres5t2 nei!r wife1 nor swee!>t1 nor fri5ds1 nor occupation4 ,he is alone1 he communes only ) himself or ) imag9>y li/5]s4 ,he lives a life ap>t4 ,s t ! /age w repres5t ei!r a des]t isl& or a room 9 a l>ge d5sely-populat$ city1 :]e among millions ( inhabitants "o c live alone z on a des]t isl&4 ,! h]o mu/ n return to p & to social ideals4 ,he mu/ g =w>d to lonel9ess1 to absolute lonel9ess4 ,ev5 n[ nobody1 look+ at ,gogol's ,plyu%k91 w feel any m ! slighte/ response to ! pa!tic appeal = m5 to pres]ve ! ideals ( y\? on into old age4 ,mod]n y\?s g to see ,plyu%k91 n = ! sake ( laugh+ at him or ( b5efit+ f ! w>n+ :i* 8 t]rible mis]ly figure (f]s !m1 b 9 ord] to see if !re may n be "s few little pe>ls !re :]e !y c\ld be lea/ expect$1 9 ! mid/ ( 8 heap ( dirt4 444 ,lycurgus succe$$ 9 fix+ ! ,sp>tans l cem5t = "s c5turies--b aft] t came ! ?aw1 & all _! h>dness melt$4 ,! la/ rema9s ( ! petrifi$ ,doric art are n[ remov$ to museums4444 ,is some?+ happ5+----8 #ih ,if ,i s[ n 9 ! spr+1 9 autumn ,i %all eat no bread4 ,e day br+s tr\bles & worries en\gh = poor1 weak man4 ,he _h to =get 8 "w = a mom5t1 & n[ he is lo/3 he w die ( hung] or cold4 ,9 ord] m]ely to pres]ve our exi/5ce we h to /ra9 m9d & body to ! utmo/3 nay m1 we h to ?9k ( ! surr\nd+ _w exclusively ) a view to ga9+ a livelihood f x4 ,!re is no "t to ?9k ab\t tru?6 ,?is is :y positivism 0 inv5t$1 ) its !ory ( natural developm5t4 ,really1 ev]y?+ we see is my/]i\s & incompreh5sible4 ,a t9y midge & a huge elephant1 a c>ess+ breeze & a blizz>d1 a "y tree & a rocky m\nta9--:at are all ^!8 ,:at are !y1 :y are !y8 we incessantly ask ourselves1 b we may n speak out4 ,= philosophy is ev] pu%$ aside to make room = ! daily ne$s4 ,only ^? ?9k :o are unable to tr\ble ab\t self-pres]vation1 or :o w n tr\ble1 or :o are too c>eless3 t is1 sick1 desp]ate1 or lazy p4 ,^! return to ! riddle :i* workaday m51 confirm$ 9 ! c]ta9ty t !y are "r1 h con/ru$ into naturalness4 #ii ,kant1 & aft] him ,s*op5hau]1 0 exce$+ly fond ( ! epi!t dis9t]e/$1 & us$ x on e occasion :5 ! supply ( laudatory t]ms he _h at 8 disposal 0 exhau/$4 ,dis9t]e/$ ?9k+1 :i* does n pursue any practical aim1 is1 accord+ to ,s*op5hau]1 ! highe/ ideal t[>ds :i* man c /rive4 ,?is tru? he consid]$ univ]sal1 an a priori4 ,b _h he *anc$ to be br\ght among/ ,russian peasants he w\ld h _h to *ange 8 op9ion4 ,) !m ?\ghts ab\t de/9y & ! :y & :]e=e ( ! univ]se & inf9ity & s on1 w\ld by no means be consid]$ dis9t]e/$1 p>ticul>ly if ! man :o devot$ himself to su* ?\ghts 7 at ! same "t to ann\nce1 z becomes a philosoph]1 t he claim$ complete fre$om f physical lab\r4 ,!re ! philosoph]1 7 he ev5 ,plato1 w\ld be /igmatis$ ) ! disgraceful nickname1 ,idle-jack4 ,!re ! highe/ activity is int]e/$ activity1 direct$ t[>ds /rictly practical purposes2 & if ! peasants c\ld speak le>n$ly1 !y w\ld c]ta9ly call ! pr9ciple ^u :i* _! judgm5t is f\nd$ an a priori4 ,tol/oy1 :o draws 8 wisdom f ! folk-s\rces1 attacks ! le>n$ = ! v fact t !y d n want to "w1 b are dis9t]e/$ly occupi$ 9 ! se>* = tru?4 #ajj ,x is cle> to any imp>tial obs]v] t practically e man *anges 8 op9ion t5 times a day4 ,mu* has be5 said on ?is subject1 x has s]v$ = innum]able satires & humor\s sket*es4 ,nobody has ev] d\bt$ t x 0 a vice to be un/able is "o's op9ions4 ,?ree-f\r?s ( our education goes to tea*+ u mo/ c>efully to conceal )9 ourselves ! *angeabl5ess ( our moods & judgm5ts4 ,a man :o _c keep 8 ^w is ! la/ ( m53 nev] to be tru/$4 ,likewise1 a man ) no firm convictions3 x is impossible to "w toge!r ) him4 ,morality1 "h z always mak+ t[>ds utilit>ian ends1 issues ! et]nal pr9ciple3 ?\ %alt rema9 true to ?y convictions4 ,9 cultur$ circles ?is comm&m5t is consid]$ s unimpea*able t m5 are t]rifi$ ev5 to appe> incon/ant 9 _! own eyes4 ,!y become petrifi$ 9 _! beliefs1 & no great] %ame c happ5 to !m ?an t !y %\ld be =c$ to admit t !y h alt]$ 9 _! convictions4 ,:5 a /raight=w>d man l ,montaigne pla9ly speaks ( ! incon/ancy ( 8 m9d & 8 views1 he is reg>d$ z a libell] ( himself4 ,"o ne$ nei!r see1 nor he>1 nor und]/& :at is tak+ place ar\nd "o3 once y\r m9d is made up1 y h lo/ y\r "r to gr[1 y mu/ rema9 a /ock1 a /atue1 ! qualities & defects ( :i* are kn[n to ev]ybody4 #aja ,e philosophic _w-conception />ts f "s or o!r solution ( ! g5]al problem ( human exi/5ce1 & proce$s f ?is to direct ! c\rse ( human life 9 "s p>ticul> direction or o!r4 ,we h nei!r ! p[] nor ! data = ! solution ( g5]al problems1 & consequ5tly all our moral d$uctions are arbitr>y1 !y only witness to our prejudices if we are naturally timid1 or to our prop5sities & ta/es if we are self-confid5t4 ,b to keep up prejudices is a mis]able1 unwor?y bus9ess3 nobody w dispute t4 ,!re=e let u cease to grieve ab\t our diff]5ces 9 op9ion1 let u wi% t 9 ! future !re %\ld be _m m diff]5ces1 & mu* less unanimity4 ,!re is no arbitr>y tru?3 x rema9s to suppose t tru? lies 9 *angeable human ta/es & desires4 ,9 s f> z our common social exi/5ce dem&s x--let u try to come to an und]/&+1 to agree3 b n "o jot m4 ,any agreem5t :i* does n arise out ( common necessity w be a crime aga9/ ! ,holy ,_s4 #ajb ,t*ekhov 0 v good at exp\nd+ a sy/em ( philosophy--ev5 sev]al sy/ems4 ,we h examples 9 m ?an "o ( 8 /ories1 p>ticul>ly 9 ,! ,duel1 :]e ,fon-,kor5 speaks ex ca!dra4 ,b ,t*ekhov _h no use = su* sy/ems1 save = purely lit]>y purposes4 ,:5 y write a /ory1 & y\r h]o mu/ speak cle>ly & consi/5tly1 a sy/em has its value4 ,b :5 y are left to y\rself1 c y s]i\sly tr\ble y\r s\l ab\t philosophy8 ,ev5 a ,g]man _c1 x seems1 g s f> 9 8 idealism4 ,vladimir ,semionovit*1 ! "y au?or 9 ,t*ekhov's ,nice ,p1 s9c]ely & deeply believes 9 8 own ideas1 b ev5 ( him1 not)/&+ 8 blatantly comical limitations1 we _c say m ?an t 8 ideas 7 con/ant little views or pictures to him1 :i* _h gradually become a second natural sett+ to ev]y?+ he saw4 ,c]ta9ly he did n live by ideas4 ,t*ekhov is "r :5 he says t ! s++ ( ,gaudeamus igitur & ! writ+ ( a humanit>ian appeal 7 equally important to ,vladimir ,semionovit*4 ,z soon z ,vladimir's si/] beg9s to ?9k = h]self1 h] bro!r's highe/ ideas1 :i* %e has =m]ly rev]$1 become banal & objectionable to h]4 ,h] bro!r _c und]/& h]1 nei!r h] ho/ility to progress & humanit>ianism1 nor to ! univ]sity spree & ,gaudeamus igitur4 ,b ,t*ekhov does und]/&4 ,only1 let u admit1 ! ^w und]/& does n c>ry its ord9>y mean+ "h4 ,s long z ! *ild 0 f$ on its "m's milk1 ev]y?+ seem$ to x smoo? & easy4 ,b :5 x _h to give up milk & take to vodka1--& ?is is ! inevitable law ( human developm5t--! *ildi% suckl+ dreams rec$$ into ! realm ( ! irretrievable pa/4 #ajc ,! summit ( human exi/5ce1 say ! philosoph]s1 is spiritual s]5ity1 aequanimitas3 ,b 9 t case ! animals %\ld be our ideal1 = 9 ! matt] ( imp]turbability !y leave no?+ to be desir$4 ,look at a graz+ %eep1 or a c[4 ,!y d n look be=e & aft]1 & sigh = :at is n4 ,giv5 a good pa/ure1 ! pres5t suffices !m p]fectly4 #ajd ,a hungry man 0 giv5 a piece ( bread1 & a k9d ^w4 ,! k9dness seem$ m to him ?an ! bread4 ,b _h he be5 giv5 only ! k9d ^w & no bread1 he w\ld p]haps h hat$ nice phrases4 ,!re=e1 caution is always to be recomm5d$ 9 ! draw+ ( conclusions3 & 9 none m ?an 9 ! conclusion t tru? is m urg5tly requir$ ?an a consol+ lie4 ,! connections ( isolat$ ph5om5a c v r>ely be disc]n$4 ,z a rule1 sev]al causes at once produce "o effect4 ,ow+ to our prop5sity = idealis+1 we always make prom95t t cause :i* seems to u l(tie/4 #aje ,a /range anomaly6 we see ?\s&s ( human be+s p]i% ar\nd u1 yet we walk w>ily le/ we cru% a worm4 ,! s5se ( compassion is /rong 9 u1 b x is adapt$ to ! conditions ( our exi/5ce4 ,x c relieve an odd case "h & !re--& x raises a t]rific outcry ov] a trifl+ inju/ice4 ,yet ,s*op5hau] want$ to make compassion ! metaphysical basis ( morality4 #ajf ,to disc>d logic z an in/rum5t1 a means or aid = acquir+ k1 w\ld be extravagant4 ,:y %\ld we8 ,= ! sake ( consequ5tialism8 i4e4 = logic's v self8 ,b logic1 z an aim 9 itself1 or ev5 z ! only means to k1 is a diff]5t matt]4 ,aga9/ ?is "o mu/ fight ev5 if he has aga9/ him all ! au?orities ( ?\ght--beg9n+ ) ,ari/otle4 #ajg ,:5 ! yell[+ corn-fields sway & are mov$1 & ! fre% =e/ utt]s s\nd to ! breeze 444 !n ,i see happ9ess on e>?1 & ,god 9 heav54 ,x may be s1 to ! poet2 b x may be q diff]5t4 ,sometimes ! corn-field waves1 ! woods make noise 9 ! w9d1 ! /ream :isp]s its be/ tales3 & /ill man _c p]ceive happ9ess1 nor =get ! lesson taught 9 *ildhood1 t ! blue heav5s are only an optical illusion4 ,b if ! sky & ! b\ndless fields d n conv9ce1 is x possible t ! argum5ts ( ,kant & ! comm5tations ( 8 doz5s ( tal5tless foll[]s c d any?+8 #ajh ,! greate/ temptation4--,9 ,do/oevsky's ,gr& ,inquisitor lurks a dreadful idea4 ,:o c be sure1 he says--metaphorically1 ( c\rse--t :5 ! crucifi$ ,*ri/ utt]$ ,8 cry3 ,"l1 :y ha/ ?\ =sak5 me8 ,he did n call to m9d ! temptation ( ,satan1 :o = "o ^w _h (f]$ ,him dom9ion ov] ! _w8 ,&1 if ,jesus recollect$ ?is (f]1 h[ c we be sure t ,he did n rep5t n hav+ tak5 x8444 ,"o _h bett] n be told ab\t su* temptations4 #aji ,f ! ,future ,op9ions conc]n+ contempor>y ,europe4--,europe ( ! n9ete5? & tw5tie? c5turies pres5t$ a /range picture4 ,aft] ,lu!r1 ,*ri/ianity deg5]at$ into morality1 & all ! ?reads connect+ man ) ,god 7 cut4 ,toge!r ) ! rationalisation ( religion1 all life took on a fiat1 rational "*4 ,knights 7 replac$ by a /&+ army1 recruit$ on ! pr9ciple ( compulsory milit>y s]vice = all1 & exi/+ *iefly = ! purpose ( p>ades & (ficial ne$s4 ,al*emy1 :i* _h be5 try+ to f9d ! philosoph]'s /one1 0 replac$ by *emi/ry1 :i* tri$ to discov] ! be/ means = *eap prep>ation ( *eap commodities4 ,a/rology1 :i* _h s\ght 9 ! />s ! de/9ies ( m51 0 replac$ by a/ronomy1 :i* =etold ! eclipses ( ! sun & ! appe>+ ( comets4 ,ev5 ! dress ( ! p became /rangely col\rless2 n only m51 b wom5 also wore uni=m1 mono*romatic clo!s4 ,mo/ rem>kable ( all1 t epo* did n notice its own insignificance1 b 0 ev5 pr\d ( itself4 ,x seem$ to ! man ( t day t nev] be=e _h ! common treasury ( spiritual ri*es be5 s well repl5i%$4 ,we1 ( c\rse1 may smile at _! navet1 b if "o ( _! own numb] _h all[$ himself to express an op9ion disda9ful ( ! bases ( ! contempor>y culture he w\ld h be5 decl>$ immoral1 or put away 9 a mad-h\se3 a t]rible puni%m5t1 v common 9 t co>se p]iod1 ?\gh n[ x is v difficult ev5 to imag9e :at su* a proce$+ impli$4 ,b 9 ^? days1 to be kn[n z immoral1 or to f9d oneself 9 a mad-h\se1 0 worse ?an to die4 ,"o ( ! fam\s poets ( ! n9ete5? c5tury1 ,alex&] ,p\%k91 said3 ',god =bid t ,i %\ld g mad4 ,r let me be a />v+ begg>4' ,9 ^? times p1 on ! :ole1 7 compell$ to tell lies & play ! hypocrite1 s t n infrequ5tly ! brighte/ m9ds1 :o saw ?r\gh ! %ams ( _! epo*1 yet pret5d$ to believe 9 sci5ce & morality1 only 9 ord] to escape ! p]secution ( public op9ion4 #aaj ,writ]s ( trag$ies on ,%akespe>e's model4--,to obta9 a sp>k1 "o mu/ /rike ) all "o's might ) an iron ^u a /one4 ,:]eupon !re is a l\d noise1 :i* _m are incl9$ to believe m important ?an ! little sp>k4 ,simil>ly1 writ]s hav+ %\t$ v l\dly1 are deeply assur$ t !y h fulfill$ _! sacr$ mission1 & are amaz$ t all d n %>e _! raptures1 t "s ev5 /op _! e>s & run away4 #aaa ,metamorphoses4--,s5se & folly are n at all native qualities 9 a man4 ,9 a crisis1 a /upid man becomes clev]4 ,we ne$ n g f> = an example4 ,:at a gap+ simpleton ,do/oevsky looks 9 8 ,injur$ & ,insult$1 n to m5tion ,poor ,folk4 ,b 9 ,lett]s f ! ,und]world & ! re/ ( 8 books he is ! %rewde/ & clev]e/ ( writ]s4 ,! same may be said ( ,nietzs*e1 ,tol/oy1 or ,%akespe>e4 ,9 8 ,bir? ( ,trag$y ,nietzs*e seems j l ! ord9>y hone/1 r simple1 blue-ey$ prov9cial ,g]man /ud5t1 & 9 ,z>a?u/ra he rem9ds "o ( ,ma*iavelli4 ,poor ,%akespe>e got himself into a r[ = 8 ,brutus--b no man c\ld d5y ! great m9d 9 ,hamlet4 ,! be/ in/ance ( all1 h[ev]1 is ,tol/oy4 ,"r up to to-day1 :5ev] he likes he c be clev]] ?an ! clev]e/4 ,yet at times he is a s*oolboy4 ,?is is ! mo/ int]e/+ & enviable trait 9 him4 #aab ,9 ,troilus & ,cressida ,!rsites says3 ,%all ! elephant ,ajax c>ry x ?us8 ,he beats me1 & ,i rail at him3 ,o wor?y satisfaction6 w\ld x 7 o!rwise2 t ,i c\ld beat him1 :il/ he rail$ at me4 ,do/oevsky might h said ! same ( 8 oppon5ts4 ,he pursu$ !m ) /+s1 s>casm1 abuse1 & !y drove him to a :ite heat by _! quiet assurance & composure4444 ,! pres5t-day admir]s ( ,do/oevsky quietly believe 9 ! tea*+s ( _! ma/]4 ,does x n mean t de facto !y h betray$ him & gone ov] to ! side ( 8 enemies4 #aac ,! op9ion has ga9$ gr\nd t ,turg5ev's ideal wom5--,natalie1 ,el5a1 ,m>ianna--are creat$ 9 ! image & lik5ess ( ,p\%k9's ,tatyana4 ,! critics h be5 misl$ by ext]nal appe>ances4 ,to ,p\%k9 8 ,tatyana appe>s z a ve/al gu>d+ ! sacr$ flame ( high morality--because su* a job is n fitt+ = a male4 ,! ,pret5d] 9 ,boris ,godunov says to ! old monk ,pim51 :o prea*es meekness & submission3 ,b y f\ght "u ! walls ( ,kazan1 etc4 ,t is a man's "w4 ,b 9 ! h\rs ( peace & leisure ! fight] ne$s 8 own he>?-side1 he mu/ feel assur$ t at home 8 rights are safely gu>d$4 ,?is is ! po9t ( ,tatyana's la/ words3 ,i belong to ano!r1 & %all rema9 =ev] true to him4 ,b 9 ,turg5ev woman appe>s z ! judge & ! rew>d1 sometimes ev5 ! inspir] ( victori\s man4 ,!re is a great diff]5ce4 #aad ,f a ,g]man ,introduction to ,philosophy4--,we %all ma9ta9 ! op9ion t metaphysics1 z ! cr[n ( ! p>ticul> sci5ces1 is possible & desirable1 & t to x falls ! task int]m$iate betwe5 !ory & practice1 exp]im5t & anticipation1 m9d & feel+1 ! task ( weigh+ probabilities1 balanc+ argum5ts1 & reconcil+ difficulties4 ,?us metaphysics is a weigh+ ( probabilities4 ,ergo--fur!r ?an probable conclusions x _c g4 ,?us :y d metaphysicians pret5d to univ]sal & obligatory1 e/abli%$ & et]nal judgm5ts8 ,!y g beyond !mselves4 ,9 ! doma9 ( metaphysics !re _c & mu/ n be any e/abli%$ beliefs4 ,! ^w e/abli%$ loses all its s5se 9 ! connection4 ,x is reasonable to speak ( et]nal hesitation & temporality ( ?\ght4 #aae ,f ano!r ,introduction to ,philosophy1 also ,g]man4 ,comp>$ ) ! delusion ( ! mat]iali/s 444 ! wret*$e/ wor%ipp] ( idols seems to u a be+ capable ( appreh5d+ to a c]ta9 degree ! great mean+ & ess5ce ( ?+s1 ,p]haps ?is ?\ght /ray$ 9 accid5tally among ! huge h]d ( ! o!r ?\ghts ( ! pr(essor1 s little does x resemble ! re/4 ,b ev5 s1 x loses none ( its int]e/4 ,if ! mat]iali/s "h spok5 (1 ^? ( ! n9ete5? c5tury1 ,bu*n]1 ,vogt1 ,moles*ot1 all ( !m m5 :o /ood on ! p9nacle ( natural sci5ce1 7 capable ( prov+ 9 ! realm ( philosophy m un9=m$ ?an ! nak$e/ savage1 !n x foll[s1 n only t sci5ce has no?+ 9 common ) philosophy1 b t ! two are ev5 ho/ile4 ,!re=e we ought to g to ! savages1 n to civilise !m1 b ev5 to le>n philosophy f !m4 ,a ,papuan or a ,ti]ra del ,fuegan deliv]+ a lecture 9 philosophy to ! pr(essors ( ! ,b]l9 ,univ]sity--,fri$ri* ,pauls51 = example--is a curi\s sight4 ,i say to ,fri$ri* ,pauls51 & n to ,bu*n] or ,moles*ot1 because ,pauls5 is also an educat$ p]son1 & !re=e 8 philosophic s5sibility may h suff]$ f contact ) sci5ce1 ev5 if n s badly z t ( ! mat]iali/s4 ,he ne$s ! assi/ance ( a r$-sk9n$ ma/]4 ,:y h ,g]man pr(essors s little d>+ or ent]prise8 ,:y %\ld n ,pauls51 on 8 own initiative1 g to ,patagonia to p]fect himself 9 philosophy8--or at lea/ s5d 8 pupils !re1 & prea* broadca/ ! new pilgrimage4 ,& n[ lo & behold he has hat*$ an orig9al & f]tile idea1 s he w /ick 9 a corn] ) x1 s t ev5 if y want$ y c\ld n get a good look at x4 ,! idea is important & weighty3 our philosoph]s w\ld lose no?+ by sitt+ at ! feet ( ! savages4 #aaf ,f a ,hi/ory ( ,e?ics4--,d\bts conc]n+ ! exi/5ce or ! possibility ( discov]+ a moral norm h1 ( c\rse 7,i und]l9e x71 prov$ a /imulus to a new speculative e/abli%+ ( e?ics1 j z ! d5ial ( ! possibility ( k l$ to ! discov]y ( ! condition ( k4 ,) ?is proposition ! au?or does n play hide-&-seek1 z ,pauls5 ) 84 ,he places x 9 a conspicu\s position1 9 a conspicu\s section ( 8 book1 & accompanies x ) ! trumpet+ h]ald ( c\rse4 ,b only "o ?+ is cle>3 namely1 t ! majority %>e ! op9ion ( ,pr(essor ,yodl1 to :om ! quot$ words belong4 ,s t ! fir/ assumption ( e?ics has z its f\ndation ! cons5sus sapi5tium4 ,x is en\gh4 #aag ,! normative !ory1 :i* has tak5 su* hold 9 ,g]many & ,russia1 be>s ! /amp ( t free & easy self-assurance :i* *>act]ises ! /ate ( cont5tm5t1 & :i* does n desire1 ev5 = ! sake ( !oretical p]fection1 to take into consid]ation ! divid$ /ate ( s\l :i* usually accompanies discont5t4 ,w9delb& 7,praeludi51 p4 #cac7 is evid5ce ( ?is4 ,he exposes himself ) ! naive frankness almo/ ( an irrational creature1 & is n only una%am$1 b ev5 pr\d ( 8 "p4 ,philosophic rese>*1 he says1 is possible only to ^? :o are conv9c$ t ! norm ( ! univ]sal imp]ative is supreme above individual activities1 & t su* a norm is discov]able4 ,n e witness w give evid5ce s hone/ly4 ,x am\nts to ?is3 t philosophic rese>* is n a se>* aft] tru?1 b a conspiracy among/ p :o de?rone tru? & exalt in/ead ! all-b9d+ norm4 ,! task is truly e?ical3 morality always 0 & always w be utilit>ian & bully+4 ,its active pr9ciple is3 ,he :o is n ) u1 is aga9/ u4 #aah ,if1 besides ! reality :i* is evid5t to u1 we 7 susceptible to ano!r =m ( reality1 *aotic1 lawless1 !n ?is latt] c\ld n be ! subject ( ?\ght4 7,riehl--,philosophie d] ,geg5w>t47 ,?is is "o ( ! a priori ( critical philosophy--"o ( ! unprov$ fir/ assumptions1 evid5tly4 ,x is only an expression 9 o!r words ( ,w9delb&'s ass]tion quot$ above1 conc]n+ ! e?ical basis ( ! law ( causation4 ,?us1 ! a priori ( contempor>y ?\ght conv9ce u m & m t ,nietzs*e's in/9ct 0 n at fault4 ,! root ( all our philosophies lies1 n 9 our objective obs]vations1 b 9 ! dem&s ( our own he>t1 9 ! subjective1 moral w1 & !re=e sci5ce _c be uproot$ except we fir/ de/roy morality4 #aai ,"o ( ! l(ty truisms--,! philosoph] conqu]s passion by p]ceiv+ x1 ! arti/ by body+ x =?4 ,9 ,g]man x s\nds /ill m l(ty3 b does n = t reason approa* any ne>] to ! tru?4 ,d] ,philosoph b]w9det die ,leid5s*aft1 indem er sie begreift--d] ,kn/l]1 indem er sie d>/ellt4 7,w9delb&1 ,praeludi51 p4 #aih47 #abj ,! ,g]mans always try to get at ,allgeme+ltigkeit4 ,well1 if ! problem ( k is to fa?om all ! dep?s ( actual life1 !n exp]i5ce1 9 s f> z x repeats itself1 is un9t]e/+1 or at lea/ has a limit ( int]e/4 ,x is necess>y1 h[ev]1 to "k :at nobody yet kn[s1 & !re=e we mu/ walk1 n on ! common road ( ,allgeme+ltigkeit1 b on new tracks1 :i* h nev] yet se5 human feet4 ,?us morality1 :i* lays d[n def9ite rules & !reby gu>ds life = a "t f any surprise1 exi/s only by conv5tion1 & 9 ! end collapses be=e ! non-moral surg+-up ( individual human aspirations4 ,laws--all ( !m--h only a regulat+ value1 & are necess>y only to ^? :o want re/ & security4 ,b ! fir/ & ess5tial condition ( life is lawlessness4 ,laws are a refre%+ sleep--lawlessness is creative activity4 #aba ,a ,a4--,!y say t logic does n ne$ ?is po/ulate1 & c\ld easily develop x by d$uction4 ,i ?9k n4 ,on ! contr>y1 9 my op9ion1 logic c\ld n exi/ )\t ?is premiss4 ,mean:ile x has a purely empirical orig94 ,9 ! realm ( fact1 ,a is always m or less equal to ,a4 ,b x might be o!rwise4 ,! univ]se might be s con/itut$ z to admit ( ! mo/ fanta/ic metamorphoses4 ,t :i* n[ equals ,a w\ld successively equal ,b & !n ,c1 & s on4 ,at pres5t a /one rema9s long en\gh a /one1 a plant a plant1 an animal an animal4 ,b x might be t a /one *ang$ into a plant be=e our eyes1 & ! plant into an animal4 ,t !re is no?+ un?9kable 9 su* a supposition is prov$ by ! !ory ( evolution4 ,?is !ory only puts c5turies 9 place ( seconds4 ,s t1 9 spite ( ! risk to :i* ,i expose myself f ! admir]s ( ! fam\s ,epicurean sy/em1 ,i am compell$ to repeat once m t any?+ y please may come f any?+ y please1 t ,a may n equal ,a1 & t consequ5tly logic is dep5d5t1 = its s\ndness1 on ! empirically-d]iv$ law ( ! un*angeabl5ess ( ! ext]nal _w4 ,admit ! possibility ( sup]natural int]f]5ce--& logic w lose t c]titude & inevitability ( its conclusions :i* at pres5t is s attractive to u4 #abb ,! ef=t to und]/& p1 life1 ! univ]se prev5ts u f gett+ to "k !m at all4 ,s9ce to "k & to und]/& are two concepts :i* are n only non-id5tical1 b j ! opposite ( "o ano!r 9 mean+2 9 spite ( _! be+ 9 con/ant use z synonyms4 ,we ?9k we h und]/ood a ph5om5on if we h includ$ x 9 a li/ ( o!rs1 previ\sly kn[n to u4 ,&1 s9ce all our m5tal aspiration r$uces itself to und]/&+ ! univ]se1 we refuse to "k a great deal :i* w n adapt itself to ! plane surface ( ! contempor>y _w-conceptions4 ,= in/ance ! ,leibnitz "q1 put by ,kant into ! basis ( ! critique ( reason3 ,h[ c we "k a ?+ outside u1 if x does n ent] into u8 ,x is non-und]/&able2 t is1 x does n agree ) our notion ( und]/&+4 ,h5ce x foll[s t x mu/ be squeez$ out ( ! field ( view--:i* is exactly :at ,kant attempt$ to d4 ,to u x seems1 on ! contr>y1 t 9 ! int]e/s ( kn[+ we %\ld sacrifice1 & gladly1 und]/&+1 s9ce und]/&+ 9 any case is a second>y affair4-,zu fragm5t>is* i/ ,welt und ,leb56444 ,,"p ,,ii ,nur fr ,s*w9delfreie4 7,f ,alp9e ,recollections47 #a ,light reveals to u beauty--b also ugl9ess4 ,?r[ vitriol 9 ! face ( a beautiful woman1 & ! beauty is gone1 no p[] on e>? w enable u to look ^u h] ) ! same rapture z be=e4 ,c\ld ev5 ! s9c]e/1 deepe/ love endure ! *ange8 ,true1 ! ideali/s w ha/5 to say t love ov]comes all ?+s4 ,b idealism ne$s be prompt1 = if %e leaves u "o s+le mom5t 9 :i* to see1 we %all see su* ?+s z are n easily expla9$ away4 ,t is :y ideali/s /ick s tight s logic4 ,9 ! tw9kl+ ( an eye logic w convey u to ! remote/ conclusions & =eca/s4 ,reality c\ld nev] ov]take h]4 ,love is et]nal1 & consequ5tly a disfigur$ face w seem z lovely to u z a fre% "o4 ,?is is1 ( c\rse1 a lie1 b x helps to pres]ve old ta/es & obscures dang]4 ,real dang]1 h[ev]1 0 nev] dispell$ by words4 ,9 spite ( ,s*ill] & et]nal love1 9 ! long run vitriol triumphs1 & ! agreeable "y man is =c$ to ab&on 8 belov$ & ackn[l$ge himself a fraud4 ,light1 ! s\rce ( 8 life & hope1 has n[ de/roy$ hope & life = him4 ,he w n return to idealism1 & he w hate logic3 light1 t seem$ to him s beautiful1 w h become hide\s4 ,he w turn to d>kness1 :]e logic & its b9d+ conclusions h no p[]1 b :]e ! fancy is free = all h] vag>ies4 ,)\t light we %\ld nev] h kn[n t vitriol ru9s beauty4 ,no sci5ce1 nor any art c give u :at d>kness gives4 ,x is true1 9 our "y days :5 all 0 new1 light br\ght u great happ9ess & joy4 ,let u1 !re=e1 rememb] x ) gratitude1 z a b5efactor we no long] ne$4 ,d aft] all let u disp5se ) gratitude1 = x belongs to ! calculat+1 b\rgeois virtues4 ,d ut des4 ,let u =get light1 & gratitude1 & ! qualms ( self-important idealism1 let u g bravely to meet ! com+ night4 ,%e promises u great p[] ov] reality4 ,is x wor? :ile to give up our old ta/es & l(ty convictions8 ,love & light h n avail$ aga9/ vitriol4 ,:at a horror w\ld h seiz$ u at ! ?\ght1 once ^u a "t6 ,t %ort phrase c annul all ,s*ill]4 ,we h %ut our eyes & /opp$ our e>s1 we h built huge philosophic sy/ems to %ield u f ?is t9y ?\ght4 ,& n[--n[ x seems we h no m feel+ = ,s*ill] & ! great sy/ems1 we h no pity on our pa/ beliefs4 ,we n[ are seek+ = words ) :i* to s+ ! praises ( our =m] enemy4 ,night1 ! d>k1 deaf1 imp5etrable night1 peopl$ ) horrors--does %e n n[ loom be=e u1 inf9itely beautiful8 ,does %e n draw u ) h] /ill1 my/]i\s1 fa?omless beauty1 f> m p[]fully ?an noisy1 n>r[ day8 ,x seems z if1 9 a %ort :ile1 man w feel t ! same incompreh5sible1 *]i%+ p[] :i* ?rew u out into ! univ]se & set u1 l plants1 to rea* to ! light1 is n[ gradually transf]r+ u to a new direction1 :]e a new life awaits u ) all its /ores4 ,fata vol5tem ducunt1 nol5tem trahunt4 ,& p]haps ! "t is ne> :5 ! impassion$ poet1 ca/+ a la/ look to 8 pa/1 w boldly & gladly cry3 ,hide ?yself1 sun6 ,o d>kness1 be welcome6 #b ,psy*ology at la/ leads u to conclude t ! mo/ g5]\s human impulses spr+ f a root ( egoism4 ,tol/oy's love to "o's neighb\r1 = example1 proves to be a bran* ( ! old self-love4 ,! same may be said ( ,kant's idealism1 & ev5 ( ,plato's4 ,?\gh !y glorify ! s]vice ( ! idea1 9 practice !y succe$ 9 gett+ out ( ! vici\s circle ( egoism no bett] ?an ! ord9>y mortal1 :o is nei!r a g5ius nor a fl[] ( culture4 ,9 my eyes ?is is almo/ an absolute tru?4 7,x is nev] wrong to add ! retractive almo/2 tru? is too mu* incl9$ to exagg]ate its own importance1 & "o mu/ gu>d oneself aga9/ its despotic au?ority47 ,?us--all m5 are egoi/s4 ,h5ce foll[s a great deal4 ,i ev5 ?9k ?is proposition might provide bett] gr\nds = metaphysical conclusions ?an ! d\btful capacity = compassion & love = "o's neighb\r :i* has be5 s tempt+ to dogma4 ,= "s reason m5 h imag9$ t love = oneself is m natural & compreh5sible ?an love = ano!r4 ,:y8 ,love = o!rs is only a little-r>]1 less widely diffus$ ?an love to oneself4 ,b !n hippopotami & rh9oc]os1 ev5 9 _! own tropical regions1 are less frequ5t ?an horses & mules4 ,does x foll[ t !y are less natural & transc5d5tal8 ,positivism is n incumb5t ^u blood-?ir/y savages4 ,nay1 z we "k1 _m ( !m are less positive-m9d$ ?an our le>n$ m54 ,= in/ance1 a future life is to !m su* an infallible reality t !y ev5 ent] into contracts1 "p ( :i* is to be fulfill$ 9 ! next _w4 ,a ,g]man metaphysician won't g z f> z t4 ,h5ce x foll[s t ! way to "k ! o!r _w is n by any means ?r\gh love1 sympa?y1 & self-d5ial1 z ,s*op5hau] taught4 ,on ! contr>y1 x appe>s z if love = o!rs 7 only an imp$im5t to metaphysical flights4 ,love & sympa?y *a9 ! eye to ! mis]y ( ?is e>?1 :]e su* a wide field = active *>ity op5s out4 ,! mat]iali/s 7 mo/ly v good m5--a fact :i* bo!r$ ! hi/orians ( philosophy4 ,!y prea*$ ,matt]1 believ$ 9 no?+1 & 7 ready to p]=m all k9ds ( sacrifices = _! neighb\rs4 ,h[ is ?is8 ,x is a case ( cle>e/ logical consequ5ce3 man loves 8 neighb\r1 he sees t heav5 is indiff]5t to mis]y1 !re=e he takes ^u himself ! rle ( ,provid5ce4 ,7 he indiff]5t to ! suff]+s ( o!rs1 he w\ld easily become an ideali/ & leave 8 neighb\rs to _! fate4 ,love & compassion kill belief1 & make a man a positivi/ & a mat]iali/ 9 8 philosophical outlook4 ,if he feels ! mis]y ( o!rs1 he leaves (f m$itat+ & wants to act4 ,man only ?9ks prop]ly :5 he realises he has no?+ to d1 8 h&s are ti$4 ,t is :y any pr(\nd ?\ght mu/ arise f despair4 ,optimism1 on ! o!r h&1 ! read9ess to jump ha/ily f "o conclusion to ano!r1 may be reg>d$ z an inevitable sign ( n>r[ self-suffici5cy1 :i* dreads d\bt & is consequ5tly always sup]ficial4 ,if a man (f]s y a solution ( et]nal que/ions1 x %[s he has n ev5 begun to ?9k ab\t !m4 ,he has only act$4 ,p]haps x is n necess>y to ?9k--:o c say h[ we ought or ought n to live8 ,& h[ c\ld we be br\ght to live z we ought1 :5 our own nature is & always w be an incalculable my/]y4 ,!re is no mi/ake ab\t x1 nobody wants to ?9k1 ,i d n speak "h ( logical ?9k+4 ,t1 l any o!r natural function1 gives man great pleasure4 ,= ?is reason philosophical sy/ems1 h[ev] complicat$1 ar\se real & p]man5t int]e/ 9 ! public provid$ !y only require f man ! logical ex]cise ( ! m9d1 & no?+ else4 ,b to ?9k---really to ?9k--surely ?is means a rel9qui%+ ( logic4 ,x means liv+ a new life4 ,x means a p]man5t sacrifice ( ! de>e/ habits1 ta/es1 atta*m5ts1 )\t ev5 ! assurance t ! sacrifice w br+ any comp5sation4 ,arti/s & philosoph]s l to imag9e ! ?9k] ) a /]n face1 a pr(\nd look :i* p5etrates into ! unse51 & a noble be>+--an eagle prep>+ = flight4 ,n at all4 ,a ?9k+ man is "o :o has lo/ 8 balance1 9 ! vulg>1 n 9 ! tragic s5se4 ,h&s rak+ ! air1 feet fly+1 face sc>$ & bewild]$1 he is a c>icature ( helplessness & pitiable p]plexity4 ,look at ! ag$ ,turg5ev1 8 ,poems 9 ,prose & 8 lett] to ,tol/oy4 ,maupassant ?us tells ( 8 meet+ ) ,turg5ev3 ,!re ent]$ a giant ) a silv]y head4 ,q s6 ,! maje/ic patri>* & ma/]1 ( c\rse6 ,! my? ( giants ) silv] locks is firmly e/abli%$ 9 ! he>t ( man4 ,!n sudd5ly ent]s ,turg5ev 9 8 ,prose ,poems--pale1 pitiful1 flutt]+ l a bird t has be5 w+$4 ,turg5ev1 :o has taught u ev]y?+--h[ c he be s flutt]$ & bewild]$8 ,h[ c\ld he write 8 lett] to ,tol/oy8 ,did he n "k t ,tol/oy 0 f9i%$1 ! s\rce ( 8 creative activity dri$ up1 t he mu/ seek o!r activities4 ,( c\rse he knew--& /ill he wrote t lett]4 ,b x 0 n = ,tol/oy1 nor ev5 = ,russian lit]ature1 :i*1 ( c\rse1 is n kept go+ by ! dea?-b$ lett]s & cov5ants ( its giants4 ,9 ! dreadful mom5ts ( ! end1 ,turg5ev1 9 spite ( 8 noble size & silv] locks1 did n "k :at to say or :]e to look = support & consolation4 ,s he turn$ to lit]ature1 to :i* he _h giv5 8 life4444 ,he ye>n$ t %e1 :om he _h s]v$ s long & loyally1 %\ld j once help him1 save him f ! horrible & ?rice s5seless nightm>e4 ,he /ret*$ out 8 )]$1 numb+ h&s to ! pr9t$ %eets :i* /ill pres]ve ! traces ( ! ,s\l ( a liv+1 suff]+ man4 ,he address$ 8 late enemy ,tol/oy ) ! mo/ flatt]+ "n3 ,great writ] ( ! ,russian l&2 recollect$ t he 0 8 contempor>y1 t he himself 0 a great writ] ( ! ,russian l&4 ,b ?is he did n express al\d4 ,he only said1 ,i c no long]---- ,he prais$ a /rict s*ool ( lit]>y & g5]al education4 ,to ! la/ he tri$ to pres]ve 8 be>+ ( a giant ) silv]y locks4 ,& we 7 gratifi$4 ,! same p]sons :o are indignant at ,gogol's correspond5ce1 quote ,turg5ev's lett] ) rev]5ce4 ,! attitude is ev]y?+4 ,turg5ev knew h[ to pose passably well1 & ?is is ascrib$ to him z 8 greate/ m]it4 ,mundus vult decipi1 ergo decipiatur4 ,b ,gogol & ,turg5ev felt sub/antially ! same4 ,_h ,turg5ev burnt 8 own manuscripts & talk$ ( himself in/ead ( ,tol/oy1 be=e dea?1 he w\ld h be5 acc\nt$ mad4 ,morali/s w\ld h reproa*$ him = 8 display ( extreme egoism4444 ,& ,philosophy8 ,philosophy seems to be gett+ rid ( c]ta9 prejudices4 ,at ! mom5t :5 m5 are lea/ likely to play ! hypocrite & lie to !mselves ,turg5ev & ,gogol plac$ _! p]sonal fate high] ?an ! de/9ies ( ,russian lit]ature4 ,does n ?is betray a secret to u8 ,ought we n to see 9 absolute egoism an inali5able & great1 yes1 v great quality ( human nature8 ,psy*ology1 ignor+ ! ?reats ( morality1 has l$ u to a new k4 ,yet /ill1 9 spite ( ! in/ances we h giv51 ! mass ( p w1 z usual1 see no?+ b malice 9 e attempt to reveal ! human impulses t und]lie l(ty motives4 ,to be m]ely m5 seems humiliat+ to m54 ,s n[ malice w also be detect$ 9 my int]pretation ( ,turg5ev's lett]1 no matt] :at assurance ,i (f] to ! contr>y4 #c ,on ,me?od4--,a c]ta9 naturali/ made ! foll[+ exp]im5t3 ,a glass j> 0 divid$ into two halves by a p]fectly transp>5t glass p>tition4 ,on ! "o side ( ! p>tition he plac$ a pike1 on ! o!r a numb] ( small fi%es su* z =m ! prey ( ! pike4 ,! pike did n notice ! p>tition1 & hurl$ itself on its prey1 )1 ( c\rse1 ! result only ( a bruis$ nose4 ,! same happ5$ _m times1 & always ! same result4 ,at la/1 see+ all its ef=ts end$ s pa9fully1 ! pike ab&on$ ! hunt1 s t 9 a few days1 :5 ! p>tition _h be5 remov$ x cont9u$ to swim ab\t among ! small fry )\t d>+ to attack !m4444 ,does n ! same happ5 ) u8 ,p]haps ! limits betwe5 ?is _w & ! o!r _w are also ess5tially ( an exp]im5tal orig91 nei!r root$ 9 ! nature ( ?+s1 z 0 ?\ght be=e ,kant1 or 9 ! nature ( our reason1 z 0 ?\ght aft] ,kant4 ,p]haps inde$ a p>tition does exi/1 & make va9 all attempts to cross ov]44 ,b p]haps !re comes a mom5t :5 ! p>tition is remov$4 ,9 our m9ds1 h[ev]1 ! conviction is firmly root$ t x is impossible to pass c]ta9 limits1 & pa9ful to try3 a conviction f\nd$ on exp]i5ce4 ,b 9 ?is case we %\ld recall ! old scepticism ( ,hume1 :i* ideali/ philosophy has reg>d$ z m]e subtle m9d-play1 valueless aft] ,kant's critique4 ,! mo/ la/+ & v>i$ exp]i5ce _c lead to any b9d+ & univ]sal conclusion4 ,nay1 all our a priori1 :i* are s useful = a c]ta9 "t1 become soon] or lat] extremely h>mful4 ,a philosoph] %\ld n be afraid ( scepticism1 b %\ld g on bruis+ 8 jaw4 ,p]haps ! failure ( metaphysics lies 9 ! caution & timidity ( metaphysicians1 :o seem o/5sibly s brave4 ,!y h s\ght = re/--:i* !y describe z ! highe/ boon4 ,:]eas !y %\ld h valu$ m ?an any?+ re/lessness1 aimlessness1 ev5 purposelessness4 ,h[ c y tell :5 ! p>tition w be remov$8 ,p]haps at ! v mom5t :5 man ceas$ 8 pa9ful pursuit1 settl$ all 8 que/ions & re/$ on 8 laurels1 in]t1 he c\ld ) "o /rong pu% h swept ?r\gh ! p]nici\s f5ce :i* sep>at$ him f ! unkn[able4 ,!re is no ne$ = man to move accord+ to a c>efully-consid]$ plan4 ,?is is a purely ae/hetic dem& :i* ne$ n b9d u4 ,let man s5selessly & deliri\sly knock 8 head aga9/ ! wall--if ! wall g d[n at la/1 w he value 8 triumph any ! less8 ,un=tunately = u ! illusion has be5 e/abli%$ 9 u t plan & purpose are ! be/ gu>antee ( success4 ,:at a delusion x is6 ,! opposite is true4 ,! be/ ( all t g5ius has reveal$ to u has be5 reveal$ z ! result ( fanta/ic1 erratic1 app>5tly ridicul\s & useless1 b rel5tlessly /ubborn seek+4 ,columbus1 tir$ ( sitt+ on ! same spot1 sail$ we/ to look = ,india4 ,& g5ius1 9 spite ( vulg> conception1 is a condition ( *aos & unutt]able re/lessness4 ,n = no?+ has g5ius be5 c\nt$ k9 to madness4 ,g5ius fl+s itself hi!r & ?i!r because x has n ! ,sitzfleis* necess>y = indu/ri\s success 9 m$iocrity4 ,we may be sure t e>? has se5 mu* m g5ius ?an hi/ory has record$2 s9ce g5ius is ackn[l$g$ only :5 x has be5 s]viceable4 ,:5 ! toss+-ab\t has l$ to no useful issue--:i* is ! case 9 ! majority ( in/ances--x ar\ses only a feel+ ( disgu/ & abom9ation 9 all witnesses4 ,he c't re/ & he c't let o!rs re/4 ,if ,l]montov & ,do/oevsky _h liv$ 9 times :5 !re 0 no dem& = books1 nobody w\ld h notic$ !m4 ,l]montov's e>ly dea? w\ld h pass$ unregrett$4 ,p]haps "s settl$ & virtu\s citiz5 w\ld h rem>k$1 we>y ( ! "y man's et]nal & dang]\s freaks3 ,= a dog a dog's dea?4 ,! same ( ,gogol1 ,tol/oy1 ,p\%k94 ,n[ !y are prais$ because !y left int]e/+ books4444 ,& s we ne$ pay no att5tion to ! cry ab\t ! futility & wor?lessness ( scepticism1 ev5 scepticism pure & unadult]at$1 scepticism :i* has no ult]ior motive ( cle>+ ! way = a new cre$4 ,to knock "o's head aga9/ ! wall out ( hatr$ = ! wall3 to beat aga9/ e/abli%$ & ob/ructive ideas1 because "o dete/s !m3 is x n an attractive proposition8 ,& !n1 to see ahead unc]ta9ly & limitless possibilities1 in/ead ( up-to-date ideals1 is n ?is too fasc9at+8 ,! highe/ good is re/6 ,i %all n argue3 de gu/ibus aut nihil aut b5e4444 ,by ! way1 isn't x a sup]b pr9ciple8 ,& ?is sup]b pr9ciple has be5 arriv$ at p]fectly by *ance1 un=tunately n by me1 b by "o ( ! comical *>act]s 9 ,t*ekhov's ,seagull4 ,he mix$ up two ,lat9 prov]bs1 & ! result 0 a spl5did maxim :i*1 9 ord] to become an a priori1 awaits only univ]sal acceptance4 #d ,metaphysicians praise ! transc5d5tal1 & c>efully avoid x4 ,nietzs*e hat$ metaphysics1 he prais$ ! e>?--bleib nur d] ,erde treu1 ,o me9e ,brud]--& always liv$ 9 ! realm ( ! transc5d5tal4 ,( c\rse ! metaphysicians behave bett]3 ?is is indisputable4 ,he :o w\ld be a tea*] mu/ proclaim ! metaphysical po9t ( view1 & he may become a h]o )\t ev] smell+ p[d]4 ,9 ^! anxi\s days1 :5 positivism seems to fall %ort1 "o _c d bett] ?an turn to metaphysics4 ,!n ! "y man ne$ n any m envy ,alex&] ! ,mac$onian4 ,) ! assi/ance ( a few books n only e>?ly /ates are conqu]$1 b ! :ole my/]i\s univ]se4 ,metaphysics is ! great art ( sw]v+ r\nd dang]\s exp]i5ce4 ,s metaphysicians %\ld be call$ ! positivi/s p> excell5ce4 ,!y d n despise all exp]i5ce1 z !y ass]t1 b only ! dang]\s exp]i5ces4 ,!y adapt ! safe/ ( all me?ods ( selfdef5ce1 :at ! ,engli% call protective mimicry4 ,let u repeat to all /ud5ts--pr(essors "k x already3 he :o w\ld be a s9c]e metaphysician mu/ avoid risky exp]i5ce4 ,s*ill] once ask$3 ,h[ c trag$y give delight8 ,! answ]--to put x 9 our own words--03 ,if we are to obta9 delight f trag$y1 x mu/ be se5 only ^u ! /age4--,9 ord] to love ! transc5d5tal x also %\ld be kn[n only f ! /age1 or f books ( ! philosoph]s4 ,?is is call$ idealism1 ! nice/ ^w ev] inv5t$ by philosophis+ m54 #e ,poetae nascuntur4--,wond]ful is man4 ,kn[+ no?+ ab\t x1 he ass]ts ! exi/5ce ( an objective impossibility4 ,ev5 a little :ile ago1 be=e ! inv5tion ( ! telephone & telegraph1 m5 w\ld h decl>$ x impossible = ,europe to conv]se ) ,am]ica4 ,n[ x is possible4 ,we _c produce poets1 !re=e we say !y are born4 ,c]ta9ly we _c make a *ild a poet by =c+ him to /udy lit]>y models1 f ! mo/ anci5t to ! mo/ mod]n4 ,nei!r w anybody he> u 9 ,am]ica no matt] h[ l\d we %\t "h4 ,to make a poet ( a man1 he mu/ n be develop$ along ord9>y l9es4 ,p]haps books %\ld be kept f him4 ,p]haps x is necess>y to p]=m "s app>5tly dang]\s op]ation on him3 fracture 8 skull or ?r[ him out ( a f\r?-/orey w9d[4 ,i w refra9 f recomm5d+ ^! me?ods z a sub/itute = pa$agogy4 ,b t is n ! po9t4 ,look at ! great m51 & ! poets4 ,except ,john ,/u>t ,mill & a c\ple ( o!r positivi/ ?9k]s1 :o _h le>n$ fa!rs & virtu\s mo!rs1 none ( ! great m5 c boa/ (1 or bett]1 compla9 (1 a prop] upbr++4 ,9 _! lives ne>ly always ! decisive "p 0 play$ by accid5t1 accid5t :i* reason w\ld dub mean+lessness1 if reason ev] d>$ raise its voice aga9/ obvi\s success4 ,some?+ l a brok5 skull or a fall f ! f\r? floor--n metaphorically1 b (t5 absolutely lit]ally--has prov$ ! comm5cem5t1 usually conceal$ b occasionally av[$1 ( ! activity ( g5ius4 ,b we repeat automatically3 poetae nascuntur1 & are deeply conv9c$ t ?is extraord9>y tru? is s l(ty x ne$s no v]ification4 #f ,until ,apollo calls him to ! sacrifice1 ignobly ! poet is plung$ 9 ! c>es ( ?is %oddy _w2 sil5t is 8 lyre1 cold sleeps 8 s\l1 ( all ! petty *ildr5 ( e>? mo/ petty x seems is he4 ,pis>yev1 ! critic1 0 exasp]at$ by ^! v]ses4 ,presumably1 if !y _h n belong$ to ,p\%k91 all ! critics along ) ,pis>yev w\ld h condemn$ !m & _! au?or to oblivion4 ,suspici\s v]se6 ,be=e ,apollo calls to him--! poet is ! mo/ insignificant ( mortals6 ,9 8 free h\rs1 ! ord9>y man f9ds "s m or less di/+ui%$ di/raction fox himself3 he hunts1 att5ds exhibitions ( pictures1 or ! !atre1 & f9ally re/s 9 ! bosom ( 8 family4 ,b ! poet is incapable ( normal exi/5ce4 ,imm$iately he has f9i%$ ) ,apollo1 =gett+ all ab\t alt>s & sacrifices1 he proce$s to occupy himself ) unwor?y objects4 ,or he ab&ons himself to ! dolce f> ni5te1 ! cu/om>y pa/ime ( all fav\rites ( ! ,muses4 ,let u "h rem>k t n only all poets1 b all writ]s & arti/s 9 g5]al are incl9$ to lead bad lives4 ,?9k :at ,tol/oy tells u1 9 ,confession & else:]e1 ( ! be/ repres5tatives ( lit]ature 9 ! fifties4 ,on ! :ole x is j z ,p\%k9 says 9 8 v]ses4 ,:il/ he is engag$ 9 composition1 an au?or is a creature ( "s consequ5ce3 ap>t f ?is1 he is no?+4 ,:y are ,apollo & ! ,muses s remiss8 ,:y d !y draw to !mselves wayw>d or vici\s vot>ies1 in/ead ( rew>d+ virtue8 ,we d>e n suspect ! gods1 ev5 ! de?ron$1 ( bad int5tions4 ,apollo lov$ virtu\s p]sons--& yet virtu\s p]sons are evid5tly m$iocre & unfit = ! sacr$ (fices4 ,if any man is ov]come ) a great desire to s]ve ! god ( song1 let him get rid ( 8 virtues at once4 ,curi\s t ?is tru? is s completely unkn[n to m54 ,!y ?9k t ?r\gh virtue !y c truly des]ve ! fav\r & *oice ( ,apollo4 ,& s9ce indu/ry is ! fir/ virtue1 !y peg away1 morn+1 noon1 & night4 ,( c\rse1 ! m !y "w ! less !y d4 ,:i* really puzzles & annoys !m4 ,!y ev5 fl+ aside ! sacr$ arts1 & all ! lab\rs ( a devotee2 !y give !mselves up to idl5ess & o!r bad habits4 ,& sometimes x s happ5s1 t j z a man decides t x is all no good1 ! ,muses sudd5ly visit him4 ,s x 0 ) ,do/oevsky & o!rs2 ,s*ill] alone manag$ to get r\nd ,apollo4 ,b p]haps x 0 only 8 biograph]s he got r\nd4 ,g]mans are s tru/ful1 s easy to deceive4 ,! biograph]s saw no?+ unusual 9 ,s*ill]'s habit ( keep+ 8 feet 9 cold wat] :il/ he work$4 ,no d\bt !y felt t if ! div9e poet _h liv$ 9 ! ,sah>a1 :]e wat] is preci\s z gold1 & ! inspir$ _c take a footba? e day1 !n ! spee*es ( ! ,m>quis ( ,pola w\ld h lack$ half _! nobl5ess1 at lea/4 ,& app>5tly ,s*ill] 0 n s wond]fully *a/e1 if he ne$$ su* artificial res\rces 9 ! composition ( 8 f9e spee*es4 ,9 a ^w1 we mu/ believe ,p\%k94 ,a poet is1 on ! "o h&1 among ! elect2 on ! o!r h&1 he is "o ( ! mo/ insignificant ( mortals4 ,h5ce we c draw a v consol+ conclusion3 ! mo/ insignificant ( m5 are n altoge!r s wor?less z we imag9e4 ,!y may n be fit to occupy gov]nm5t positions or pr(essorial *airs1 b !y are (t5 extremely at home on ,p>nassus & su* high places4 ,apollo rew>ds vice1 & virtue1 z ev]ybody kn[s1 is s satisfi$ ) h]self %e ne$s no rew>d4 ,!n :y d ! pessimi/s lam5t8 ,leibnitz 0 q "r3 we live 9 ! be/ possible ( worlds4 ,i w\ld ev5 sugge/ t we leave out ! modification possible4 #g ,x is ,das ,ewig ,weibli*e1 ) ,russian writ]s4 ,p\%k9 & ,l]montov lov$ wom5 & 7 n afraid ( !m2 ,p\%k91 :o tru/$ 8 own nature1 0 (t5 9 love1 & always sang 8 love ( ! mom5t4 ,:5 infatuat$ ) a bac*ante1 he glorifi$ bac*antes4 ,:5 he m>ri$1 he w>bl$ ( a mode/1 nun-l beauty1 8 wife4 ,a syn!sis+ m9d w\ld probably n "k :at to d ) all ,p\%k9's sorts ( love4 ,nor is ,l]montov any bett]4 ,he abus$ wom51 b1 z ,byel9sky obs]v$ aft] meet+ him1 he lov$ wom5 m ?an any?+ 9 ! _w4 ,& aga91 n wom5 ( "o m\ld only3 any & all attractive females3 ! wild ,bella1 ! lovely ,m>y1 ,?am>2 "o & all1 no matt] ( :at race or condition4 ,e "t ,l]montov is 9 love1 he assures u 8 love is s deep & ard5t & ev5 moral1 t we _c judge him )\t conpunction4 ,vladimir ,soloviov alone 0 n afraid to condemn him4 ,he br\ght ,p\%k9 z well z ,l]montov to acc\nt = _! moral irregul>ities1 & he ev5 w5t s f> z to say t x 0 n he himself :o judg$ !m1 b ,fate1 9 ^: s]vice he act$ z public d5\nc]4 ,l]montov & ,p\%k91 bo? dy+ "y1 _h des]v$ dea? = _! frivolities4 ,b !re 0 nobody else besides ,vladimir ,soloviov to d>k5 ! memories ( ! two poets4 ,x is true ,tol/oy _c =give ,p\%k9's dissolute life1 b he does n apply to ,fate = a v]dict4 ,accord+ to ,tol/oy morality c cope ev5 ) a ,titan l ,p\%k94 ,9 ,tol/oy's view morality gr[s /rong] ! h>d] ! job x has to tackle4 ,x p>dons ! weak (f5d]s )\t wa/e ( words1 b x nev] =gives pride & self-confid5ce4 ,if ,tol/oy's edicts _h be5 execut$1 all memorials to ,p\%k9 w\ld h disappe>$2 *iefly because ( ! poet's addiction to ! et]nal female4 ,9 su* a case ,tol/oy is implacable4 ,he admits ! ! k9d ( love ^: object is ! e/abli%+ ( a family1 b no m4 ,don ,juan is a hateful transgressor4 ,?9k ( ,lev91 & 8 attitude to pro/itutes4 ,he is exasp]at$1 indignant1 ev5 =gets ! ne$ = compassion1 & calls !m bea/s4 ,9 ! et]nal female ,tol/oy sees temptation1 s$uction1 s91 great dang]4 ,!re=e x is necess>y to keep q away f ! dang]4 ,b surely dang] is ! dragon :i* gu>ds e treasure on e>?4 ,& aga91 no matt] :at 8 precautions1 a man w meet 8 fate soon] or lat]1 & come into conflict ) ! dragon4 ,surely ?is is an axiom4 ,p\%k9 & ,l]montov lov$ dang]1 & !re=e s\ght wom54 ,!y paid a heavy price1 b :ile !y liv$ !y liv$ freely & lightly4 ,if !y _h c>$ to peep 9 ! book ( de/9ies1 !y might h av]t$ or avoid$ _! sad end4 ,b !y pref]r$ to tru/ _! />--lucky or unlucky4 ,tol/oy 0 ! fir/ among u--we _c speak ( ,gogol--:o began to fe> life4 ,he 0 ! fir/ to />t op5 moralis+4 ,9 s f> z public op9ion & p]sonal dignity dem& x1 he did g to meet 8 dang]s3 b n a /ep fur!r4 ,s he avoid$ wom51 art1 & philosophy4 ,love p] se1 t is1 love :i* does n lead to a family1 l wisdom p] se1 :i* is wisdom t has no utilit>ian motive1 & l art = art's sake1 seem$ to him ! wor/ ( temptations1 lead+ to ! de/ruction ( ! s\l4 ,:5 he plung$ too deep 9 ?9k+1 he 0 seiz$ ) panic4 ,x seem$ to me ,i 0 go+ mad1 s ,i w5t away to ! ,ba%kirs = k\miss4 ,su* confessions are common 9 8 works4 ,& surely !re is no o!r way ) temptations1 ?an to cut %ort1 at once1 be=e x is too late4 ,tol/oy pres]v$ himself on acc\nt ( 8 inborn in/9ct = dep>t+ betimes f a dang]\s situation4 ,save = ?is cauti\s prompt+ he w\ld probably h end$ l ,l]montov or ,p\%k94 ,true1 he might h gone deep] into nature1 & reveal$ u r>e secrets1 in/ead ( prea*+ at u ab/95ce1 humility1 simplicity & s on4 ,b su* luck fell to ! fate ( ,do/oevsky4 ,do/oevsky _h v muddl$ relations ) morality4 ,he 0 too rack$ by disease & circum/ance to get mu* pr(it out ( ! rules ( morality4 ,! hygi5e ( ! s\l1 l t ( ! body1 is b5eficial only to heal?y m54 ,to ! sick x is simply h>mful4 ,! m ,do/oevsky engag$ himself ) high morality1 ! m inextricably entangl$ he became4 ,he want$ to respect ! p]sonality 9 a woman1 & only ! p]sonality1 & s he came to ! po9t :]e he c\ld n look on any woman1 h[ev] ugly1 ) indiff]5ce4 ,! eld] ,k>amazov & 8 affair ) ,elizabe? ,sm]dyas*a 7,/9k+ ,lizzie7--9 :at o!r imag9ation c\ld su* a union h be5 contemplat$8 ,do/oevsky1 ( c\rse1 reprim&s ,k>amazov1 & ?anks to ! /&>ds ( mod]n criticism1 su* a reprim& is acc\nt$ suffici5t to exon]ate our au?or4 ,b !re are o!r /&>ds4 ,if a writ] sets out to tell y t no drab c\ld be s loa?some t h] ugl9ess w\ld make y =get %e 0 woman2 & if = illu/ration ( ?is novel idea we are told ! hi/ory ( ,fiodov ,k>amazov ) ! de=m$1 repulsive idiot1 ,/9k+ ,lizzie2 !n1 9 face ( su* imag9ative art x is surely out ( place to pres]ve ! usual confid5ce 9 t writ]4 ,we d n speak ( ! int]e/ & appreciation ( ,do/oevsky's ta/es & ideas4 ,n = "o mom5t w ,i ass]t t ^? :o ) ,p\%k9 & ,l]montov c see ! ,et]nal ,female only 9 "y & *>m+ wom51 h any advantage ov] ,do/oevsky4 ,( c\rse1 we are n =bidd5 to live accord+ to our ta/es1 & we may1 l ,tol/oy1 call c]ta9 wom5 bea/s4 ,b :o has giv5 u ! "r to ass]t t we are high] or bett] ?an ,do/oevsky8 ,judg+ objectively1 all ! po9ts g to %[ t ,do/oevsky is bett]--at any rate he saw fur!r1 deep]4 ,he c\ld f9d an orig9al int]e/1 he c\ld discov] das ewig ,weibli*e :]e we %\ld see no?+ ( attraction at all1 :]e ,goe! w\ld av]t 8 face4 ,/9k+ ,lizzie is n a bea/1 z ,lev9 w\ld say1 b a woman :o is able1 if ev5 = a mom5t1 to ar\se a feel+ ( love 9 a man4 ,& we ?\ght %e 0 worse ?an no?+1 s9ce %e r\s$ 9 u only disgu/4 ,do/oevsky made a discov]y1 we ) our ref9$ feel+s miss$ x4 ,8 di/ort$1 abnormal s5se %[$ a great] s5sitiv5ess1 9 :i* our high morality 0 defici5t4444 ,& ! road to ! great tru? ?is "t1 z ev]1 is ?r\gh de=mity4 ,ideali/s w n agree4 ,!y are q ju/ly afraid t "o may n rea* ! tru?1 b may get /uck 9 ! mud4 ,ideali/s are c>eful m51 & n ne>ly s /upid z _! ideals w\ld lead u to suppose4 #h ,new ideas1 ev5 our own1 d n quickly conqu] our sympa?ies4 ,we mu/ fir/ get accu/om$ to !m4 #i ,a po9t ( view4--,e writ]1 ?9k]--ev5 e educat$ p]son ?9ks x necess>y to h a p]man5t po9t ( view4 ,he climbs up "s elevation & nev] climbs d[n aga9 all 8 days4 ,:atev] he sees f ?is po9t ( view1 he believes to be reality1 tru?1 ju/ice1 good--& :at he does n see he excludes f exi/5ce4 ,man is n mu* to blame = ?is4 ,surely !re is no v great joy 9 mov+ f po9t ( view to po9t ( view1 %ift+ "o's camp f peak to peak4 ,we h no w+s1 & a w+$ ?\ght is only a nice metaphor--unless1 ( c\rse1 x ref]s to logical ?9k+4 ,!re to be sure great volatility is usual1 a lightness :i* comes f p]fect navet1 if n ignorance4 ,he :o really wi%es to "k some?+1 & n m]ely to h a philosophy1 does n rely on logic & is n allur$ by reason4 ,he mu/ clamb] f summit to summit1 &1 if necess>y1 hib]nate 9 ! dales4 ,= a wide horizon leads to illusions1 & 9 ord] to famili>ise oneself ) any object1 x is ess5tial to g close up to x1 t\* x1 feel x1 exam9e x f top to bottom & on e side4 ,"o mu/ be ready1 %\ld ?is be impossible o!rwise1 to sacrifice ! cu/om>y position ( ! body3 to wriggle1 to lie flat1 to /& on "o's head1 9 a ^w1 to assume ! mo/ unnatural ( attitudes4 ,c !re be any "q ( a p]man5t po9t ( view8 ,! m mobility & ela/icity a man has1 ! less he values ! ord9>y equilibrium ( 8 body2 ! (t5] he *anges 8 outlook1 ! m he w take 94 ,if1 on ! o!r h&1 he imag9es t f ?is or ! o!r p9nacle he has ! mo/ com=table survey ( ! _w & life1 leave him alone2 he w nev] "k any?+4 ,nay1 he does n want to "k1 he c>es m ab\t 8 p]sonal conv5i5ce ?an ab\t ! quality ( 8 "w4 ,no d\bt he w atta9 to fame & success1 & ?us brilliantly ju/ify 8 po9t ( view4 #aj ,fame4--,a ?read f ev]yone1 & ! nak$ w h a %irt4 ,!re is no begg> b has 8 ?read ( cotton1 & he w n grudge x to a nak$ man--no1 nor ev5 to a fully dress$ "o2 b w be/[ x on ! fir/ com]4 ,! poor1 :o want to =get _! pov]ty1 are v ready ) _! ?reads4 ,moreov]1 !y pref] to give !m to ! ri*1 r ?an to a fell[-tramp4 ,to load ! ri* ) b5efits1 mu/ n "o be v ri* inde$8 ,t is :y fame is s easily got4 ,an ambiti\s p]son asks admiration & respect f ! cr[d1 & is r>ely d5i$4 ,! mob feel t _! ?roats are _! own1 & _! arms are /rong4 ,:y n vocif]ate & clap1 see+ t y c turn ! head n only ( a begg> l y\rself1 b ( a future h]o1 ,god kn[s h[ almighty a p]son4 ,! humiliat$ citiz5 :o has hi!rto be5 haul$ (f to ! police /ation if he %\t$1 sudd5ly feels t 8 ?roat has acquir$ a new value4 ,nev] be=e has anyone giv5 a rap = 8 wor?less op9ion1 & n[ sev5 cities are ready to qu>rel = x1 z = ! "r to claim ,hom]4 ,! citiz5 is delight$1 he %\ts at ! top ( 8 voice1 & is ready to ?r[ all 8 possessions aft] 8 %\ts4 ,s ! h]o is satisfi$4 ,! great] ! %\t1 ! deep] 8 belief 9 himself & 8 mission4 ,:at w a h]o n believe6 ,= he =gets s soon ! elem5ts ( :i* 8 fame & ri*es are made4 ,h]oes usually are conv9c$ t !y set out on _! noble c>e]1 n to beg %\ts f begg>s1 b to heap bless+s on mank9d4 ,if !y c\ld only call to m9d ) :at beat+ he>ts !y await$ _! fir/ applause1 _! fir/ alms1 h[ timidly !y curri$ fav\r ) ragg$ begg>s1 p]haps !y w\ld speak less assur$ly ( _! own m]its4 ,b our memory is fully acqua9t$ ) ,h]b]t ,sp5c] & 8 law ( adaptability1 & ?us _m a wor?y man goes gaily on 9 full belief 9 8 own /up5d\s virtue4 #aa ,9 def5ce ( righte\sness4--,inexp]i5c$ & +5u\s p see 9 righte\sness m]ely a burd5 :i* l(ty p h assum$ out ( respect = law or = "s o!r high & inexplicable reason4 ,b a righte\s man has n only duties b rights4 ,true1 sometimes1 :5 ! law is aga9/ him1 he has to compromise4 ,yet h[ r>ely does ! law des]t him6 ,no cruelty matt]s 9 him1 s long z he does n infr+e ! /atutes4 ,nay1 he w ascribe 8 cruelty z a m]it to himself1 s9ce he acts out ( no p]sonal consid]ations1 b 9 ! "n ( sacr$ ju/ice4 ,no matt] :at he may d1 once he is sanction$ he sees 9 8 actions only m]it1 m]it1 m]it4 ,mode/y =bids him to say too mu*--b if he 7 to let g1 :at a luxuri\s panegyric he might deliv] to himself6 ,rememb]+ 8 works1 he praises himself at all times2 n al\d1 b inw>dly4 ,! nature ( virtue dem&s x3 man mu/ rejoice 9 8 morality & ev] keep x 9 m9d4 ,& aft] t1 p decl>e t x is h>d to be righte\s4 ,:atev] ! o!r virtues may be1 c]ta9ly righte\sness has its selfi% side4 ,z a rule x is decid$ly wor? :ile to make consid]able sacrifices 9 ord] lat] on to enjoy 9 calm confid5ce all t surety & ^? rights be/[$ on a man by morality & public approval4 ,look at a ,g]man :o has paid 8 contribution to a society = ! assi/ance ( ! indig5t4 ,n "o /ray f>?+ w he give1 n to a poor wret* :o is />v+ be=e 8 eyes4 ,& 9 ?is he feels "r4 ,?is is righte\sness out & out3 pay y\r tax & enjoy ! privileges ( a high-pr9cipl$ man4 ,s righte\sness is mu* 9 vogue ) cultur$1 comm]cial nations4 ,russians h n q got !re4 ,!y are afraid ( ! exactions ( righte\sness1 n guess+ ! enorm\s advantages d]iv$4 ,a ,russian has a p]man5t relation%ip ) 8 consci5ce1 :i* co/s him f> m ?an ! mo/ moral ,g]man1 or ev5 ,engli%man1 has to pay = 8 righte\sness4 #ab ,! be/ way ( gett+ rid ( t$i\s1 play$-out tru?s is to /op pay+ !m ! tribute ( respect & to treat !m ) a t\* ( easy famili>ity & d]ision4 ,to put into brackets1 z ,do/oevsky did1 su* words z good1 self-sacrifice1 progress1 & s on1 w alone a*ieve y mu* m ?an _m brilliant argum5ts w\ld d4 ,:il/ y /ill conte/ a c]ta9 tru?1 y /ill believe 9 x1 & ?is ev5 ! lea/ p5etrat+ individual w p]ceive4 ,b if y fav\r x ) no s]i\s att5tion1 & only ?r[ out a scornful rem>k n[ & !n1 ! result is diff]5t4 ,x is evid5t y h ceas$ to be afraid ( ! old tru?1 y no long] respect x4 ,& ?is sets p ?9k+4 #ac ,f\r walls4--,arm-*air philosophy is be+ condemn$--rightly4 ,an arm-*air ?9k] is busy decid+ on ev]y?+ t is tak+ place 9 ! _w3 ! /ate ( ! _w m>ket1 ! exi/5ce ( a _w-s\l1 wireless telegraphy & ! life aft] dea?1 ! cave dwell] & ! p]fectibility ( man1 & s on & s on4 ,8 *ief bus9ess is s to select 8 /atem5ts t !re %all be no int]nal contradiction2 & ?is w give an appe>ance ( tru?4 ,su* "w1 :i* is q amus+ & ev5 int]e/+1 leads at la/ to v poor results4 ,surely v]isimilitudes ( tru? are n tru?3 nor h necess>ily any?+ 9 common ) tru?4 ,aga91 a man :o und]takes to talk ( ev]y?+ probably kn[s no?+4 ,?us a swan c fly1 & walk1 & swim4 ,b x flies indiff]5tly1 walks badly1 & swims poorly4 ,an arm-*air philosoph]1 enclos$ by f\r walls1 sees no?+ b ^? f\r walls1 & yet ( ^! precisely he does n *oose to speak4 ,if by accid5t he sudd5ly realis$ !m & spoke ( !m 8 philosophy might acquire an enorm\s value4 ,?is may happ5 :5 a /udy is conv]t$ into a prison3 ! same f\r walls1 b impossible n to ?9k ( !m6 ,:atev] ! prison] turns 8 m9d to--,hom]1 ! ,greek-,p]sian w>s1 ! future _w-peace1 ! bygone geological cataclysms--/ill ! f\r walls enclose x all4 ,! calm ( ! /udy supplant$ by ! pa?os ( imprisonm5t4 ,! prison] has no m contact ) ! _w1 & no less4 ,b n[ he no long] slumb]s & has grayi% dreams call$ _w-conceptions4 ,he is wide awake & /r5u\sly liv+4 ,8 philosophy is wor? he>+4 ,b man is n di/+ui%$ = 8 p[]s ( discrim9ation4 ,he sees solitude & f\r walls1 & says3 a /udy4 ,he dreams ( ! m>ket-place1 :]e !re is noise & jo/l+1 physical bu/le1 & decides t !re alone life is to be met4 ,he is wrong z usual4 ,9 ! m>ket-place1 among ! cr[d1 d n m5 sleep _! deade/ sleep8 ,& is n ! ke5e/ spiritual activity tak+ place 9 seclusion8 #ad ,! ,sp>tans made _! helots drunk z an example & w>n+ to _! noble y\?s4 ,a good me?od1 no d\bt1 b :at are we ( ! tw5tie? c5tury to d8 ,:om %all we make drunk8 ,we h no slaves1 s we h in/itut$ a high] lit]ature4 ,novels & /ories describe drunk51 dissolute m51 & pa9t !m 9 su* horrid col\rs t e read] feels all 8 desire = vice dep>t f him4 ,un=tunately only our ,russians are ei!r too consci5ti\s or n suffici5tly rectil9e> 9 _! m9ds4 ,in/ead ( %[+ ! drunk5 helot z an object ( repugnance1 z ! ,sp>tans did1 !y try to describe vice tru?fully4 ,realism has tak5 hold4 ,inde$1 :y make a fuss8 ,:at does x matt] if ! writ]'s description is a little m or less ugly ?an ! ev5t8 ,0 ju/ice inv5t$ t ev]y?+1 ev5 evil1 %\ld be kept intact8 ,surely evil mu/ be simply root$ out1 bann$1 plac$ outside ! pale4 ,! ,sp>tans did n /& on c]emony ) liv+ m51 & yet our noveli/s are afraid ( be+ unju/ to imag9>y drunk5 helots4 ,&1 s to speak1 out ( humane feel+ too4444 ,h[ naive "o mu/ be to accept su* a ju/ification6 ,yet ev]ybody accepts x4 ,tol/oy alone1 t[>ds ! end1 guess$ t humanit>ianism is only a pretext 9 ?is case1 & t we ,russians h describ$ vice n only = ! purpose ( sc>+ our read]s4 ,9 mod]n ma/]s ! ^w vice ar\ses n disgu/1 b insatiable curiosity4 ,p]haps ! wick$ ?+ has be5 p]secut$ 9 va91 l s _m o!r good ?+s4 ,p]haps x %\ld h be5 /udi$1 p]haps x held my/]ies4444 ,on ! /r5g? ( ?is p]haps morality 0 gradually ab&on$1 & ,tol/oy rema9$ almo/ alone 9 8 indignation4 ,realism reigns1 & a drunk5 helot ar\ses envy 9 timid read]s :o d n "k :]e to put _! tru/1 :e!r 9 ! traditional rules or 9 ! appeal ( ! ma/]4 ,a drunk5 helot an ideal6 ,:at h we come to8 ,7 x n bett] to h /uck to ,lycurgus8 ,h we n paid too de>ly = our progress8 ,_m p ?9k we h paid too de>ly--n to m5tion ,tol/oy1 :o is n[ no long] tak5 q s]i\sly1 ?\gh /ill acc\nt$ a great man4 ,any m$iocre j\rnali/ enjoys great] influ5ce ?an ?is ma/]-writ] ( ! ,russian l&4 ,x is inevitable4 ,tol/oy insi/s on ?9k+ ab\t ?+s :i* are nobody's conc]n4 ,he has long s9ce ab&on$ ?is _w--& does he cont9ue to exi/ 9 any o!r8 ,difficult "q6 ,tol/oy writes books & lett]s1 !re=e he exi/s4 ,?is inf]5ce1 once s conv9c+1 n[ has h>dly any effect on u3 p>ticul>ly if we take into acc\nt :at x is t ,tol/oy writes4 ,9 sev]al ( 8 la/ lett]s he expresses op9ions :i* surely h no mean+ = an ord9>y man4 ,!y c be summ$ up 9 a few words4 ,tol/oy pr(esses an extreme egoism1 sollipsism1 solus-ipse-ism4 ,t is1 9 8 old age1 aft] inf9ite attempts to love 8 neighb\r1 he comes to ! conclusion t n only is x impossible to love "o's neighb\r1 b t !re is no neighb\r1 t 9 all ! _w ,tol/oy alone exi/s1 t !re is ev5 no _w1 b only ,tol/oy3 a view s obvi\sly absurd1 t x is n wor? refut+4 ,by ! way1 !re is also no possibility ( refut+ x1 unless y admit t logical inf]5ces are non-b9d+4 ,sollipsism dogg$ ,tol/oy already 9 e>ly y\?1 b at t "t he did n "k :at to d ) ! imp]t95t1 oppressive idea1 s he ignor$ x4 ,f9ally1 he came to x4 ,! old] a man becomes1 ! m he le>ns h[ to make use ( imp]t95t ideas4 ,fairly rec5tly ,tol/oy c\ld pron\nce su* a dictum3 ,*ri/ taught m5 n to d /upid ?+s4 ,:o b ,tol/oy c\ld h v5tur$ on su* an int]pretation ( ! gospels8 ,:y h we all held--all ( u b ,tol/oy--t ^! words conta9$ ! greate/ blasphemy on ,*ri/ & ,8 tea*+8 ,b x 0 ,tol/oy's la/ desp]ate attempt to save himself f sollipsism1 )\t at ! same "t fly+ 9 ! face ( logic3 ev5 ,*ri/ appe>$ among m5 only to tea* !m common s5se4 ,:5ce foll[s t mad ?\ghts may be reject$ ) an easy consci5ce1 & ! advantage1 z usual1 rema9s ) ! :olesome1 reasonable1 s5sible ?\ghts4 ,!re is room = good & = reason4 ,good is self-und]/ood2 x ne$ n be expla9$4 ,if only good exi/$ 9 ! _w1 !re w\ld exi/ no que/ions1 nei!r simple nor ultimate4 ,?is is :y y\? nev] que/ions4 ,:at inde$ %\ld x "q3 ! song ( ! night+ale1 ! morn+ ( ,may1 happy laught]1 all ! pr$icates ( y\?8 ,d ^! ne$ int]pretation8 ,on ! contr>y1 any explanation is r$uc$ to ^! ,! prop] que/ions arise only on contact ) evil4 ,a hawk /ruck a night+ale1 fl[]s )]$1 ,boreas froze laugh+ y\?--& 9 t]ror our que/ions arose4 ,t is evil4 ,! anci5ts 7 "r4 ,n 9 va9 is our e>? call$ a vale ( te>s & sorr[4 ,& once que/ions are />t$1 x is impossible & unseemly to hurry ! answ]s1 /ill less anticipate ! que/ions4 ,! night+ale is dead & w s+ no long]1 ! li/5] is froz5 to dea? & c he> no m songs4 ,! situation is s palpably absurd t only ) ! int5tion ( gett+ rid ( ! "q at any co/ w "o /rive = a s5sible answ]4 ,! answ] mu/ be absurd--if y don't want x1 don't "q4 ,b if y mu/ "q1 !n be ready be=eh& to reconcile y\rself ) some?+ l sollipsism or mod]n realism4 ,?\ght is 9 a dilemma1 & d>e n take ! leap to get out4 ,we laugh at philosophy1 &1 z long z possible1 avoid evil4 ,b ne>ly all m5 feel ! intol]able cramp ( su* a situation1 & ea* at 8 risk v5tures to swim to %ore on "s m or less witty !ory4 ,a few c\rage\s ones speak ! tru?--b !y are nei!r und]/ood nor respect$4 ,:5 a man's words %[ ! dep? ( ! pa9 ?r\gh :i* he has pass$1 he is n1 inde$1 condemn$1 b ! _w beg9s to talk ( 8 tragic /ate ( s\l1 & to take on a m\rnful look fitt+ to ! occasion4 ,o!rs m scrupul\s feel t phrases & m\rnful looks are unfitt+1 yet !y _c dwell at l5g? on ! trag$ies ( outsid]s1 s !y take on an exagg]at$ly /]n be>+1 z if to say1 ,we feel deeply1 b we d n wi% to %[ our feel+4 ,!y really feel no?+1 only want to make o!rs believe h[ s5sitive & mode/ !y are4 ,at times ?is leads to curi\s results1 ev5 9 writ]s ( ! fir/ ord] ( r5[n4 ,?us ,anatole ,france1 ! inv5tor ( t mo/ *>m+ smile :i* is int5d$ to conv9ce m5 t he feels ev]y?+ & und]/&s ev]y?+1 b does n cry out1 because t w\ld n be fitt+1 9 "o ( 8 novels takes ^u himself ! noble rle ( advocate ( ! victims ( a crime1 aga9/ ! crim9al4 ,our "t1 he says1 out ( pity to ! crim9al =gets ! suff]+s ( 8 victim4 ,?is1 ,i repeat1 is "o ( ! mo/ curi\s misrepres5tations ( mod]n endeav\r4 ,x is true we 9 ,russia talk a good deal ab\t compassion1 p>ticul>ly to crim9als1 & ,anatole ,france is by no means ! only man :o ?9ks t our di/+ui%+ *>act]i/ic is extreme s5sitiv5ess & t5d]-he>t$ness4 ,b z a matt] ( fact ! mod]n man :o ?9ks = himself is n drawn to ! crim9al by a s5se ( compassion1 :i* w\ld inconte/ably be bett] appli$ to ! victim1 b by curiosity1 or if y l1 inquisitiv5ess4 ,= ?\s&s ( ye>s man has s\ght to solve ! great my/]y ( life ?r\gh a ,god-conception--) !odicy & metaphysical !ories z a result1 bo? ( :i* d5y ! possibility ( a my/]y4 ,!odicy has long ago we>i$ u4 ,! me*ani/ic !ories1 :i* cont5d t !re is no?+ special 9 life1 t its appe>ance & disappe>ance dep5d on ! same laws z ^? ( ! cons]vation ( en]gy & ! inde/ructibility ( matt]1 ^! look m plausible at fir/ sight1 b p d n take to !m4 ,& no !ory c survive m5's reluctance to believe 9 x4 ,9 a ^w1 good has n ju/ifi$ ! expectations plac$ on x4 ,reason has done no bett]4 ,s ov]wr\ght mank9d has turn$ f its old idols & en?ron$ madness & evil4 ,! smil+ ,anatole argues1 & proves--proves excell5tly4 ,b :o does n "k :at 8 pro(s am\nt to8--& :o wants !m8 ,x may be our *ildr5 w take fright at ! task we h und]tak51 w call u squ&]+ p>5ts1 & w set !mselves aga9 to heap+ up treasures1 spiritual & mat]ial4 ,aga9 !y w believe 9 ideals1 progress1 & su* l4 ,= my own "p1 ,i h h>dly any d\bt ( x4 ,sollipsism & ! cult ( gr\ndlessness are n la/+1 &1 mo/ ( all1 !y are n to be h&$ d[n4 ,! f9al triumph1 9 life z 9 old com$ies1 re/s ) goodness & common s5se4 ,hi/ory has kn[n _m epo*s l ours1 & gone ?r\gh ) !m4 ,deg5]ation foll[s on ! heels ( immod]ate curiosity1 & sweeps away all ref9$ & exagg]ately well-in=m$ individuals4 ,m5 ( g5ius h no po/]ity--or _! *ildr5 are idiots4 ,n = no?+ is nature s maje/ically s]5e3 %e has hidd5 h] secrets well en\gh4 ,:i* is n surpris+1 consid]+ h[ unscrupul\s %e is4 ,no despot1 n ! greate/ villa9 on e>?1 has ev] wield$ p[] ) ! cruelty & he>tlessness ( nature4 ,! lea/ violation ( h] laws--& ! sev]e/ puni%m5t foll[s4 ,disease1 de=mity1 madness1 dea? --:at has n our common "m contriv$ to keep u 9 subjection8 ,true1 c]ta9 optimi/s ?9k t nature does n puni% u1 b educates u4 ,s ,tol/oy sees x4 ,dea? & suff]+s1 l animat$ sc>ecr[s1 boo at man & drive him into ! "o way ( life op5 to him3 = life is subject to its own law ( reason4 ,n a bad me?od ( upbr++4 ,exactly l us+ wolves & be>s4 ,un=tunate man1 bolt+ f "o boo+ mon/]1 is n always able 9 "t to dodge into ! "o correct way1 & da%es /raight into ! maw ( ano!r bea/ ( prey4 ,!n :at8 ,& ?is (t5 happ5s4 ,)\t disp>agem5t ( ! optimi/s1 we may say t soon] or lat] x happ5s to e man4 ,aft] :i* no m runn+4 ,y won't te> y\rself out ( ! claws ( madness or disease4 ,only "o ?+ is left3 9 spite ( traditions1 !odicy1 wiseacres1 & mo/ ( all 9 spite ( oneself1 to g on prais+ "m nature & h] great goodness4 ,let future g5]ations reject u1 let hi/ory /igmatise our names1 z ! names ( traitors to ! human cause--/ill we w compose hymns to de=mity1 de/ruction1 madness1 *aos1 d>kness4 ,& aft] t--let ! grass gr[4 #ae ,a/rology & al*emy liv$ _! day & di$ a natural dea?4 ,b !y left a po/]ity--*emi/ry inv5t+ dyes1 & a/ronomy accumulat+ =mulae4 ,s x is4 ,g5iuses beget idiots3 especially :5 ! mo!rs are v virtu\s1 z 9 ?is case1 :5 _! virtue is extraord9>y4 ,= ! mo!rs are public utility & morality4 ,! al*emi/s wa/$ _! "t seek+ ! philosoph]'s /one2 ! a/rolog]s1 sw9dl$ p tell+ =tunes by ! />s4 ,w$d$ to utility ^! two fa!rs h begott5 ! *emi/s & a/ronom]s4 444 ,nobody w dispute ! g5ealogy4 ,p]haps ev5 none w dispute t1 f idiotic *ildr5 "o may1 ) a measure ( probability1 inf] g5ius 9 ! p>5ts4 ,!re are c]ta9 indications t ?is is s--?\gh ( c\rse "o may n g beyond supposition4 ,b supposition is en\gh4 ,!re are m argum5ts 9 /ore4 ,= in/ance--our day is s conv9c$ ( ! absolute nons5se & uselessness ( al*emy & a/rology t no "o dreams ( v]ify+ ! conviction4 ,we "k !re 7 _m *>latans & li>s among/ al*emi/s & a/rolog]s4 ,b :at does ?is prove8 ,9 e dep>tm5t !re are ! same m$iocre creatures :o speculate on human cr$ulity4 ,h[ev] positive our sci5ce ( m$ic9e is1 !re are _m fraudul5t doctors :o rob _! pati5ts4 ,! al*emi/s & a/rolog]s 71 9 all probability1 ! mo/ rem>kable m5 ( _! "t4 ,i w g fur!r3 9 spite ( dye-/uffs & =mulae1 ev5 9 our n9ete5? c5tury1 :i* 0 s fam\s = its inv5tions & discov]ies1 ! mo/ em95t1 tal5t$ m5 /ill s\ght ! philosoph]'s /one & =eca/ ! de/9ies ( man4 ,& ^? among !m :o 7 possess$ ( a poetic gift won univ]sal att5tion4 ,9 ! old days1 cons5su sapi5tium1 a poet 0 all[$ all k9ds ( lib]ties3 he might speak ( fate1 miracles1 spirits1 ! life beyond--inde$ ( any?+1 provid$ he 0 int]e/+4 ,t 0 en\gh4 ,! n9ete5? c5tury paid its tribute to re/lessness4 ,nev] 7 !re s _m di/urb+1 ?robb+ writ]s z dur+ ! epo* ( telephones & telegraphs4 ,x 0 held indec5t to speak 9 pla9 language ( ! vex$ & tr\bl$ aspirations ( ! human _s4 ,^? guilty ( ! indec5cy 7 ev5 dos$ ) bromides & treat$ ) %[]-ba?s & conc5trat$ foods4 ,b all ?is is ext]nal1 x belongs to a hi/ory ( fa%ions & _c int]e/ u "h4 ,! po9t is t al*emy & a/rology did n die1 !y only %amm$ dea? & left ! /age = a "t4 ,n[1 app>5tly1 !y are tir$ ( seclusion & are com+ =w>d aga91 hav+ pu%$ _! unsuccessful *ildr5 into ! backgr\nd4 ,well1 s be x4 ,a la bonne heure6444 #af ,man comes to ! pass :]e all exp]i5ce seems exhau/$4 ,:]ev] he g1 :atev] he see1 all is old & we>y+ly famili>4 ,mo/ p expla9 ?is by say+ t !y really "k ev]y?+1 & t f :at !y h exp]i5c$ !y c inf] all exp]i5ce4 ,?is phase ( ! exhau/ion ( life usually comes to a man betwe5 ?irty-five & =ty--! be/ p]iod1 accord+ to ,k>amz94 ,n see+ any?+ new1 ! individual assumes he is completely matur$ & has ! "r to judge ( ev]y?+4 ,kn[+ :at has be5 he c =eca/ :at w be4 ,b ,k>amz9 0 mi/ak5 ab\t ! be/ p]iod1 & ! mature p are mi/ak5 ab\t ! no?+ new c happ54 ,! fact ( spiritual /agnation %\ld n be made ! gr\nd = judg+ all life's possibilities f kn[n possibilities4 ,on ! contr>y1 su* /agnation %\ld prove t h[ev] ri* & multif>i\s ! pa/ may h be51 x has n exhau/$ a tittle ( ! :ole possibilities4 ,f t :i* has be5 x is impossible to inf] :at w be4 ,moreov]1 x is unnecess>y--except1 p]haps1 to give u a s5se ( our full maturity & let u enjoy all ! *>ms ( ! be/ p]iod ( life1 s eloqu5tly describ$ by ,k>amz94 ,! temptation is n ov]:elm+4 ,s t1 if man is "u ! necessity ( endur+ a p]iod ( arre/ & /agnation1 & until su* "t z life re-/>ts is doom$ to m$itation1 w\ld x n be bett] to use ?is m$itat+ int]regnum = a directly opposite purpose f ! "o indicat$3 t is to say1 = ! purpose ( f9d+ 9 our pa/ signs :i* tell u t ! future has e "r to be any?+ :atsoev]1 l or utt]ly unlike ! pa/4 ,su* signs1 giv5 a good w to f9d !m1 may be se5 9 pl5ty4 ,at times "o comes to ! conclusion t ! natural connection ( ph5om5a1 z hi!rto obs]v$1 is n at all inevitable = ! future1 & t miracles :i* s f> h seem$ impossible1 may come to seem possible1 ev5 natural1 f> m natural ?an t loa?some law ( sequ5ce1 ! law ( ! regul>ity ( ph5om5a4 ,we are bor$ /iff ) regul>ity & sequ5ce--confess x1 y also1 y m5 ( sci5ce4 ,at ! m]e ?\ght t1 h[ev] we may ?9k1 we c get no fur!r ?an ! ackn[l$gm5t ( ! old regul>ity1 an inv9cible disgu/ to any k9d ( m5tal "w ov]comes u4 ,to discov] ano!r law--/ill ano!r--:5 already we h f> m ?an we c d )6 ,surely if !re is any w-to-?9k left 9 u1 x is e/abli%$ 9 ! supposition t ! m9d _c & mu/ n h any b\nds1 any limits2 & t ! !ory ( k1 :i* is bas$ on ! hi/ory ( k & on a few v d\btful assumptions1 is only a piece ( prop]ty belong+ to a c]ta9 ca/e1 & has no?+ to d ) u o!rs--und die ,natur zuletzt si* do* ergrnde4 ,:at a mad impati5ce seizes u at times :5 we realise t we %all nev] fa?om ! great my/]y6 ,e individual 9 ! _w mu/ h felt at "o "t ! mad desire to unriddle ! univ]se4 ,ev5 ! /odgy philosoph]s :o inv5t$ ! !ory ( k h at times made surreptiti\s sorties1 hop+ to op5 a pa? to ! unkn[n1 9 spite ( _! own fat1 s5seless books t demon/rate ! advantages ( sci5tific k4 ,man ei!r lives 9 cont9u\s exp]i5ce1 or he frees himself f conclusions impos$ by limit$ exp]i5ce4 ,all ! re/ is ! devil4 ,f ! devil come ! bl&i%m5ts ) :i* ,k>amz9 *>m$ himself & 8 read]s4444 ,or is x ! contr>y8 ,:o w answ]6 ,once aga91 z usual1 at ! end ( a pa!tic spee* "o is left ) a conjecture4 ,let e man please himself4 ,b :at ab\t ^? :o w\ld l to live accord+ to ,k>amz91 b _c8 ,i _c speak = !m4 ,s*ill] recomm5d$ hope4 ,w x d8 ,to be frank1 h>dly4 ,he :o has once lo/ 8 peace ( m9d w nev] f9d x aga94 #ag ,ev] s9ce ,kant succe$$ 9 conv9c+ ! le>n$ t ! _w ( ph5om5a is q o!r ?an ! _w ( true reality1 & t ev5 our own exi/5ce is n our real exi/5ce1 b only ! visible manife/ation ( a my/]i\s1 unkn[n sub/ance 7sub/antia7--philosophy has be5 /uck 9 a new rut1 & _c move a s+le millimetre out ( ! track laid out by ! great ,knigsb]gian4 ,backw>d or =w>d x c g1 b necess>ily 9 ! ,kantian rut4 ,= h[ c y get out ( ! c\nt]pos+ ( ! ph5om5on aga9/ ! ?+-9-itself8 ,?is proposition1 ?is c\nt]pos+ seems inalt]able1 s !re is no?+ left b to /ick y\r head 9 ! heavy draught-coll> ( ! !ory ( k4 ,:i* mo/ philosoph]s d1 ev5 ) a glad smile1 :i* inevitably r\ses a suspicion t !y h got :at !y want$1 & _! metaphysical ne$ 0 no?+ m ?an a ne$ = a h>ness4 ,o!rwise !y w\ld h kick$ at ! sight ( ! coll>4 ,surely ! contraposition betwe5 ! _w ( ph5om5a & ! ?+-9-itself is an inv5tion ( ! reason+ m9d1 z is ! !ory ( k d$uc$ f ?is contrapos+4 ,!re=e ! fre$om-lov+ _s c\ld reject x 9 ! v beg9n+--& ba/a6 ,) ! devil "o mu/ be v cauti\s4 ,we "k q well t if he only gets hold ( ! tip ( y\r e> he w c>ry (f y\r :ole body4 ,s x is ) ,reason4 ,grant x "o s+le assumption1 admit b "o proposition--& f9ita la comm$ia4 ,y are 9 ! toils4 ,metaphysics _c exi/ side-by-side ) reason4 ,ev]y?+ metaphysical is absurd1 ev]y?+ reasonable is--positive4 ,s we come ^u a dilemma4 ,! fundam5tal pr$icate ( metaphysics is absurdity3 & yet surely _m positive ass]tions c lay legitimate claim to t self-same1 highly-respectable pr$icate4 ,:at !n8 ,is !re means ( di/+ui%+ a metaphysical absurdity f a p]fectly ord9>y "o8 ,may "o h rec\rse to crit]ia8 ,w n ! v crit]ion prove a pitfall :]e9 cunn+ reason w cat* ! poor man :o 0 ru%+ out to fre$om8 ,!re c be no two answ]s to ?is "q4 ,all s]vices r5d]$ by reason mu/ be paid = soon] or lat] at ! exorbitant price ( self-r5unciation4 ,:e!r y accept ! assi/ance 9 ! noble =m ( ! !ory ( k1 or m]ely z a humble crit]ion1 at la/ y w be driv5 =? into ! /reets ( positivism4 ,?is happ5s all ! "t to "y1 inexp]i5c$ m9ds4 ,!y break ! bridle & da% =w>d into space1 to f9d !mselves ru%+ into ! same old ,rome1 :i!r1 z we "k1 all roads lead3 or1 to use m l(ty language1 ru%+ into ! /able :i!r also all roads lead4 ,! only way to gu>d aga9/ positivism--grant+1 ( c\rse1 t positivism no long] attracts y\r sympa?ies--is to cease to fe> any absurdities1 :e!r rational or metaphysical1 & sy/ematically to reject all ! s]vices ( reason4 ,su* behavi\r has be5 kn[n 9 philosophy2 & ,i make bold to recomm5d x4 ,cr$o1 quia absurdum comes f ! ,middle ,ages4 ,mod]n in/ances are ,nietzs*e & ,s*op5hau]4 ,bo? pres5t noble examples ( indiff]5ce to logic & common-s5se3 p>ticul>ly ,s*op5hau]1 :o1 a ,kantian1 ev5 9 ! "n ( ,kant made su* d>+ sallies aga9/ reason1 driv+ h] into confusion & %ame4 ,t a/\nd+ ,kantian ev5 w5t s f>1 9 ! ma/]'s "n /ill1 z to attempt ! ov]?r[ ( ! space & "t notions4 ,he admitt$ clairvoyance--& to ?is day ! le>n$ are bo!r$ :e!r to class t admission among ! metaphysical or ! ord9>y absurdities4 ,really1 ,i c't advise !m4 ,a v clev] man insi/s on an enorm\s absurdity1 s ,i am satisfi$4 ,s*op5hau]'s :ole campaign aga9/ intellect is v com=t+4 ,x is evid5t t1 ?\gh he set out f ! ,kantian /able1 he soon got sick ( haul+ along d[n ! c>t-ruts1 & hav+ brok5 ! %afts1 he trott$ jauntily into a jungle ( irreconcilable contradictions1 )\t reflect+ 9 ! lea/ :]e he 0 mak+ =4 ,! primate ( w ov] reason2 & music z ! expression ( our deepe/ ess5ce2 are n ^! ass]tions suffici5t to %[ u h[ dext]\sly he wriggl$ out f ! h>ness ( syn!tic judgm5ts a priori :i* ,kant _h plac$ ^u e ?9k]4 ,!re is inde$ mu* m music ?an logic 9 ! philosophy ( ,s*op5hau]2 ,n = no?+ is he exclud$ f ! univ]sities4 ,b ( c\rse "o may speak ( him 9 ! op52 n ( 8 ideas1 naturally1 b ( 8 music4 ,! ,european m>ket is glutt$ ) ideas4 ,h[ neat & nicely-f9i%$ & logically well-turn$-out ^? ideas are4 ,s*op5hau] _h no su* goods4 ,b :at lively & spl5did contradictions he boldly spreads on 8 /all1 (t5 ev5 )\t suspicion t he ought to hide !m f ! police4 ,s*op5hau] cries & laughs & gets furi\s or glad1 )\t ev] realis+ t ?is is =bidd5 to a philosoph]4 ,d n speak1 b s+1 said ,z>a?u/ra1 & ,s*op5hau] ready fulfill$ ! comm& 9 great measure4 ,philosophy may be music--?\gh x doesn't foll[ t music may be call$ philosophy4 ,:5 a man has done 8 "w1 & gives himself up to look+ & li/5+ & pleasantly accept+ ev]y?+1 hid+ no?+ f himself1 !n he beg9s to philosophise4 ,:at good are ab/ract =mulae to him8 ,:y %\ld he ask himself1 be=e he beg9s to ?9k3 ,:at c ,i ?9k ab\t1 :at are ! limits ( ?\ght8 ,he w ?9k1 & ^? :o l c d ! summ+ up & ! build+ ( !ories ( k4 ,:at is ! e>?ly use ( talk+ ab\t beauty8 ,beautiful ?+s mu/ be creat$4 ,n "o s+le ae/hetic !ory has s f> be5 able to guess :at direction ! arti/s' m9d w next take1 or :at are ! limits to 8 creative activity4 ,! same ) ! !ory ( k4 ,x may arre/ ! "w ( a man ( le>n+1 if he be himself afraid t he is go+ too f>1 b x is p[]less to pre-det]m9e human ?\ght4 ,ev5 ,kant's c\nt]pos+ ( ?+s-9-!mselves to ! _w ( ph5om5a _c f9ally clip ! w+s ( human curiosity4 ,!re w come a "t :5 ?is un%akeable f\ndation ( positivism w be %ak54 ,all gnosiological disputes z to :at ?\ght c or _c a*ieve w seem to our po/]ity j z amus+ z ! disputes ( ! s*oolm5 seem to u4 ,:y did !y argue ab\t ! nature ( tru?1 :5 !y might h gone out & look$ = tru? itself8 ! future hi/orians w ask4 ,let u h an answ] ready = !m4 ,our contempor>ies d n want to g out & seek1 s !y make a great deal ( talk ab\t a !ory ( k4 ,tru/ n ?yself1 "y dream]4--,h[ev] s9c]ely y may long = tru?1 :atev] suff]+s & horrors y may h surpass$1 d n believe y\r own self1 "y dream]4 ,:at y are look+ =1 y won't f9d4 ,at ! utmo/1 if y h a gift = writ+ y w br+ out a nice orig9al book4 ,ev5--d n be (f5d$--y may be satisfi$ ) su* a result4 ,9 ,nietzs*e's lett]s relat+ to ! ye> #ahhh1 ! ye> :5 ,br&es discov]$ him1 y w f9d a sad confirmation ( ! above4 ,_h n ,nietzs*e /ruggl$1 s\ght1 suff]$8--& behold1 t[>ds ! end ( 8 life1 :5 x w\ld h seem$ t all mundane rew>ds _h become trivial to him1 he ?rew himself ) rapture on ! tid+s ( fir/ fame1 & ru%$ to %>e 8 joy ) all 8 fri5ds1 f> & ne>4 ,he does n tire ( tell+ 9 doz5s ( lett]s & 9 v>y+ =ms ! /ory ( h[ ,br&es fir/ began 8 lectures on him1 ,nietzs*e1 h[ ! audi5ce consi/$ ( ?ree hundr$ p1 & he ev5 quotes ,br&es' plac>d ann\ncem5t 9 ! orig9al ,dani%4 ,fame j ?rew him a smile1 & =gott5 are all ! horrible exp]i5ces ( =m] days4 ,! lonel9ess1 ! des]t$ness1 ! cave 9 ! m\nta91 ! man into ^: m\? ! s]p5t climb$--all =gott51 e ?\ght turn$ to ! ord9>y1 easily-compreh5sible good4 ,su* is man4 ,mit gi]'g] ,h& na* ,s*tz5 grbt ,und froh i/ w5n er ,reg5wrm] f9det4 #ai ,:5 a man is "y he writes because x seems to him he has discov]$ a new almighty tru? :i* he mu/ make ha/e to imp>t to =lorn mank9d4 ,lat]1 becom+ m mode/1 he beg9s to d\bt 8 tru?s3 & !n he writes to conv9ce himself4 ,a few m ye>s g by1 & he kn[s he 0 mi/ak5 all r\nd1 s !re is no ne$ to conv9ce himself4 ,nev]!less he cont9ues to write1 because he is n fit = any o!r "w1 & to be acc\nt$ a sup]flu\s man is s horrible4 #bj ,a v orig9al man is (t5 a banal writ]1 & vice v]sa4 ,we t5d s (t5 to write n ab\t :at is go+ on 9 u1 b ( our pia desid]ia4 ,?us re/less1 sleepless m5 s+ ! glory ( sleep & re/1 :i* h long be5 sung to dea?4 ,& ^? :o sleep t5 h\rs on end & are always up to ! m>k mu/ p]=ce dream ab\t adv5tures & /orms & dang]s1 & ev5 extol ev]y?+ problematical4 #ba ,:5 "o reads ! books ( long-dead m51 a /range s5sation comes ov] "o4 ,^! m5 :o liv$ two hundr$1 ?ree hundr$1 ?ree ?\s& ye>s ago are s f> (f n[ f ?is writ+ :i* !y h left on e>?4 ,yet we look = et]nal tru?s 9 _! works4 #bb ,! tru? :i* ,i h ! "r to ann\nce s solemnly to-day1 ev5 to ! fir/ among m51 w probably be a /ale old lie on my lips to-morr[4 ,s ,i w deprive myself ( ! "r ( call+ su* a tru? my own4 ,probably ,i %all deprive no "o b myself3 o!rs w g on lov+ & prais+ ! self-same tru?1 liv+ ) x4 #bc ,a writ] :o _c lie ) inspiration--& t is a great art1 :i* few may accompli%--loves to make an exhibition ( hone/y & frankness4 ,no?+ else is left him to d4 #bd ,! s\rce ( orig9ality4--,a man :o has lo/ all hope ( root+ out ( himself a c]ta9 radical defect ( "*1 or ev5 ( hid+ ! flaw f o!rs1 turns r\nd & tries to f9d 9 8 defect a p]ta9 m]it4 ,if he succe$s 9 conv9c+ 8 acqua9tances1 he a*ieves a d\ble ga93 fir/1 he quiets 8 consci5ce1 & !n he acquires a reputation = be+ orig9al4 #be ,m5 beg9 to /rive t[>ds great ends :5 !y feel !y _c cope ) ! little tasks ( life4 ,!y (t5 h _! measure ( success4 #bf ,a bel* int]rupts ! l(tie/ m$itation4 ,y may draw a conclusion if y l3 if y don't l1 y ne$n't4 #bg ,a woman ( conviction4--,we =give a man 8 convictions1 h[ev] unwill+ly4 ,x goes )\t say+ t we balk at any individual :o believes 9 8 own infallibility1 b "o mu/ reconcile oneself ) necessity4 ,x is ugly & prepo/]\s to h corns on "o's h&s1 b /ill1 !y c't be avoid$ 9 ?is unp>adisal e>? ( sweat & lab\r4 ,b :y see an ideal 9 callosities8 ,9 practical life1 p>ticul>ly 9 ! social political life to :i* we are doom$1 convictions are a necessity4 ,unity is /r5g?1 & unity is possible only among p :o ?9k alike4 ,aga91 a deep conviction is 9 itself a /rong =ce1 f> m p[]ful ?an ! mo/ logical argum5tation4 ,sometimes "o has only to pron\nce 9 a full1 r\nd1 vibrat+ *e/ voice1 su* z is peculi> to p ( conviction1 "s trifl+ s5t5ce1 & an audi5ce hi!rto unconv9c$ is c>ri$ away4 ,tru? is (t5 dumb1 p>ticul>ly a new tru?1 :i* is mo/ %y ( p1 & :i* has a feeble1 ho>se voice4 ,b 9 c]ta9 situations t :i* w influ5ce ! cr[d is m important ?an t :i* is g5u9e tru?4 ,convictions are necess>y to a public man2 b he :o is too clev] to believe 9 himself entirely1 & is n en\gh ( an actor to look z if he believ$1 he _h be/ give up public "w altoge!r4 ,at ! same "t he w realise t lack ( convictions is n pr(itable1 & w look ) m indulg5ce on su* z are b\nd to keep !mselves well suppli$4 ,yet all ! m w he dislike ^? m5 :o )\t any necessity disfigure !mselves ) ! co>se tattoo m>ks4 ,& p>ticul>ly he w object to su* wom54 ,:at c be m intol]able ?an a woman ( conviction4 ,%e lives 9 a family1 )\t hav+ to gr9d = h] daily bread--:y disfigure h]self8 ,:y wilfully rub h] h&s into corns1 :5 %e might keep !m clean & pretty6 ,wom51 moreov]1 usually pick up _! convictions ready-made f ! man :o int]e/s !m mo/ at ! mom5t4 ,& nev] d !y d ?is s vigor\sly z :5 ! man himself seems incapable ( pav+ ! way to 8 ideas6 ,!y are full ( feel+ = him2 !y ru% to ! la/ extremities ( res\rce4 ,w n _! feeble little fi/s help him8 ,x may be t\*+1 b 9 ! end x is intol]able4 ,s x is mu* pleasant] to meet a woman :o believes 9 h] husb& & does n consid] x necess>y to help him4 ,%e c !n disp5se ) convictions4 #bh ,emancipation ( wom54--,! "o & only way ( ma/]+ an enemy is to le>n ! use ( 8 weapons4 ,/>t+ f ?is1 mod]n woman1 we>y ( be+ ! slave ( man1 tries to le>n all 8 tricks4 ,h>d is slav]y1 wond]ful is fre$om6 ,slav]y at la/ is s un5durable t a human be+ w sacrifice1 ev]y?+ = fre$om4 ,( :at use are 8 virtues to a prison] langui%+ 9 prison8 ,he has "o aim1 "o object--to get out ( prison1 & he values only su* qualities 9 himself z w assi/ 8 escape4 ,if x is necess>y to break an iron grat+ by physical =ce1 !n /rong muscles w seem to ! prison] ! mo/ desirable ( all ?+s4 ,if cunn+ w help him1 cunn+ is ! f9e/ ?+ on e>?4 ,some?+ ! same happ5s ) woman4 ,%e became conv9c$ t man ow$ 8 priority *iefly to education & a tra9$ m9d1 s %e ?rew h]self on books & univ]sities4 ,le>n+ t promises fre$om is light1 ev]y?+ else d>kness4 ,( c\rse1 x is a delusion1 b y c\ld nev] conv9ce h] ( x1 = t w\ld mean ! collapse ( h] be/ hopes ( fre$om4 ,s t 9 ! end woman w be z well-in=m$ z man1 %e w furni% h]self ) broad views & un%akeable convictions1 ) a philosophy also--& 9 ! end %e may ev5 le>n to ?9k logically4 ,!n1 probably1 ! _m misund]/&+s betwe5 ! sexes w cease4 ,b heav5s1 h[ t$i\s x w be6 ,m5 w argue1 wom5 w argue1 *ildr5 w probably be born fully in/ruct$1 und]/&+ ev]y?+4 ,) :at pa9 w ! m5 ( ! future view our wom51 caprici\s1 frivol\s1 un9=m$ creatures1 und]/&+ no?+ & desir+ to und]/& no?+4 ,a :ole half ( ! human race nei!r w\ld nor c\ld h any und]/&+6 ,b ! hope lies !re4 ,maybe we c d )\t und]/&+4 ,p]haps a logical m9d is n an attribute1 b a curse4 ,9 ! /ruggle = exi/5ce1 h[ev]1 & ! survival ( ! fitte/1 n a few ( ! be/ human qualities h p]i%$4 ,obvi\sly woman's illogicality is also de/9$ to disappe>4 ,x is a ?\s& pities4 #bi ,all k9ds ( lit]ature are good1 except ! t$i\s1 said ,voltaire4 ,we may enl>ge ! idea4 ,all m5 & all activities are good1 except ! t$i\s4 ,:atev] y\r fail+s & y\r vices1 if y are only amus+ or int]e/+ all is =giv5 y4 ,accord+ly1 frankness & naturalness are q rightly consid]$ d\btful virtues4 ,if p say t frankness & naturalness are virtues1 always take x cum grano salis4 ,sometimes x is p]missible & ev5 opportune to fire (f tru? ( all sorts4 ,sometimes "o may /ret* oneself l a log across ! road4 ,b ,god =bid t su* s9c]e practices %\ld be rais$ into a pr9ciple4 ,to out ) ! tru? at all times1 always to reveal oneself entirely1 besides be+ impossible to accompli%1 nev] hav+ be5 accompli%$ ev5 9 ! confessions ( ! greate/ m51 is moreov] a f> m risky bus9ess ?an x seems4 ,i c confid5tly ass]t t if any man tri$ to tell ! :ole tru? ab\t himself1 n metaphorically1 = e metaphor is a cov]+ ornam5t1 b 9 pla9 b>e words1 t man w\ld ru9 himself = ev]1 = he w\ld lose all int]e/ 9 ! eyes ( 8 neighb\rs1 & ev5 9 8 own eyes4 ,ea* ( u be>s 9 8 s\l a heavy w\nd1 & kn[s x1 yet c>ries himself1 mu/ c>ry himself z if he 7 aw>e ( no?+1 :ile all ar\nd keep up ! pret5ce4 ,rememb] ,l]montov3 ,look6 ar\nd y1 playfully ,! cr[d moves on ! usual road4 ,sc>ce a m>k ( tr\ble on ! fe/ive faces1 ,n "o indec5t te>6 ,& yet is b>ely "o among/ !m ,b is cru%$ by heavy torture1 ,or has ga!r$ ! wr9kles ( "y age ,save f crime or loss4 ,^! words are horribly true--& ! really horrible %\ld be conceal$1 x fright5s "o (f4 ,i admit1 ,byron & ,l]montov c\ld make x allur+4 ,b all t is allur+ dep5ds on vagu5ess1 remot5ess4 ,any mon/] may be beautiful 9 ! di/ance4 ,& no man c be int]e/+ unless he keep a c]ta9 di/ance betwe5 himself & p4 ,wom5 d n und]/& ?is4 ,if !y l a man1 !y try to come utt]ly ne> to him1 & are surpris$ t he does n meet _! frankness ) frankness1 & admit !m to 8 holy ( holies4 ,b 9 ! inn]mo/ sanctu>y ! only beauty is inaccessibility4 ,z a rule x is n a sanctu>y b a lair :]e ! w\nd$ bea/ 9 man has run to lick 8 w\nds4 ,& %all ?is be done 9 public8 ,p g5]ally1 & wom5 p>ticul>ly1 ought to be giv5 some?+ positive4 ,9 books "o may /ill s+ ! praise ( w\nds1 hopelessness1 & despair--:atev] y l1 = books are /ill lit]ature1 a conv5tionality4 ,b to /rip "o's angui% 9 ! op5 m>ket1 to confess an incurable disease to o!rs1 ?is is to kill "o's s\l1 n to relieve x4 ,all1 ev5 ! be/ m51 h "s av]sion = y4 ,p]haps 9 ! int]e/ ( ord] & decorum !y w grant y a n-too-important place 9 _! philosophy ( life4 ,= 9 a philosophy ( life1 z 9 a cemet]y1 a place is prep>$ = ea* & all1 & ev]yone is welcome4 ,!re also are enclosures :]e rubbi% is dump$ to rot4 ,b = ^? :o h z yet no desire to be fitt$ into a _w-philosophy1 ,i w\ld advise !m to keep _! tongue betwe5 _! tee?1 or l ,nietzs*e & ,do/oevsky1 take to lit]ature4 ,to a writ]1 9 books & only 9 books1 all is p]mitt$ provid$ he has tal5t4 ,b 9 actual liv+ ev5 a writ] mu/ n let loose too mu*1 le/ p %\ld guess t 9 8 books he is tell+ ! tru?4 #cj ,p\%k9 ass]ts t ! poet himself c & mu/ be ! judge ( 8 own "w4 ,are y cont5t1 exact+ arti/8 ,cont5t1 !n let ! mob revile4 ,x is ne$less to argue aga9/ ?is1 = h[ c\ld y prove t ! supreme v]dict belongs n to ! poet himself1 b to public op9ion8 ,nor1 = t matt]1 c we prove ,p\%k9 "r4 ,we mu/ agree or disagree1 z we l4 ,b we _c reject ! evid5ce4 ,:e!r y l x or n1 ,p\%k9 0 evid5tly satisfi$ ) 8 own "w1 & did n ne$ 8 read]'s sanction4 ,happy man6 ,& x seems to me he ow$ 8 happ9ess exclusively to 8 inability to pass beyond c]ta9 limits4 ,i d\bt-if all poets w\ld agree to repeat ,p\%k9's v]se quot$ above4 ,i decid$ly refuse to believe t ,%akespe>e1 = in/ance1 aft] f9i%+ ,hamlet or ,k+ ,le> c\ld h said to himself3 ,i1 :o judge my "w m /rictly ?an any o!r c judge1 am satisfi$4 ,i d n ?9k he c ev5 h ?\ght = a mom5t ( ! m]its ( 8 works1 ,hamlet or ,k+ ,le>4 ,to ,%akespe>e1 aft] ,hamlet1 ! ^w satisfi$ mu/ h lo/ all its mean+1 & if he us$ x1 x 0 only by =ce ( habit1 z we sometimes call to a dead p]son4 ,8 own works mu/ h seem$ to him imp]fect1 mean1 pitiful1 l ! sob ( a *ild or ! moan+ ( a sick man4 ,he gave !m to ! !atre1 & mo/ probably 0 surpris$ t !y _h any success4 ,p]haps he 0 glad t 8 te>s 7 ( "s use1 if only = amus+ & in/ruct+ p4 ,& probably 9 ?is s5se ! v]dict ( ! cr[d 0 de>] to him ?an 8 own v]dict4 ,he c\ld n help accus+ 8 own (fspr+--?ank heav51 o!r p acquitt$ x4 ,true1 !y acquitt$ x because !y did n und]/&1 or und]/ood imp]fectly1 b ?is did n matt]4 ,use e man aft] 8 des]t1 & :o %\ld 'scape a :ipp+8 ask$ ,hamlet4 ,%akespe>e knew t a /rict tribunal w\ld reject 8 works3 = !y conta9 s _m t]rible que/ions1 & n "o p]fect answ]4 ,c\ld anyone be satisfi$ at t rate8 ,p]haps ) ,com$y ( ,errors1 ,twelf? ,night1 or ev5 ,ri*>d ,,iii4--b aft] ,hamlet a man may f9d re/ only 9 8 grave4 ,to speak ! :ole tru?1 ,i d\bt if ,p\%k9 himself ma9ta9$ ! view we h quot$ till ! end ( 8 days1 or ev5 if he spoke all he felt :5 he wrote ! poem 9 #ahcj4 ,possibly he felt h[ little a poet c be satisfi$ ) 8 "w1 b pride prev5t$ 8 admitt+ x1 & he tri$ to console himself ) 8 sup]iority ov] ! cr[d4 ,:i* is und5iably a "r ?+ to d4 ,insults--& ,p\%k9 _h to endure _m--are answ]$ ) contempt2 & woe to ! poor wret* :o feels impell$ to ju/ify 8 contempt by 8 own m]its1 accord+ to ! /]n voice ( consci5ce4 ,su* nic5ess is dang]\s & unnecess>y4 ,if a man w\ld pres]ve 8 /r5g? & 8 confid5ce he mu/ give up magnanimity1 he mu/ le>n to despise p1 & ev5 if he _c despise !m he mu/ h ! air ( "o :o w\ld n give a p9's head = anybody4 ,he mu/ appe> always cont5t4 444 ,p\%k9 0 a clev] man & a deep nature4 #ca ,metaphysics aga9/ _! w4--,x (t5 occurs to u t evil is n altoge!r s1 unnecess>y1 aft] all4 ,diseases1 humiliations1 mis]ies1 de=mity1 failure1 & all ! re/ ( ^? plants :i* fl\ri% ) su* truly tropical luxuriance on our planet1 are probably ess5tial to man4 ,poets s+ pl5tifully ( sorr[4 ,n\s sommes les appr5tis1 la d\leur e/ notre matre1 said de ,musset4 ,on ?is subject ev]ybody c br+ =? a quotation1 n only f ! philosoph]s1 :o are a cold1 he>tless tribe1 b f t5d]1 g5tle1 or s5tim5tal poets4 ,d\btless "o kn[s _m in/ances :]e suff]+ has pr(it$ a man4 ,true also1 "o kn[s _m cases ( ! direct opposite4 ,& ^! are all cases ( pr(\nd1 e>ne/1 outrage\s1 incr$ibly outrage\s suff]+4 ,look at ,t*ekhov's m5 & wom5--pla9ly drawn f life1 or at any rate1 exce$+ly life-' l4 ,uncle ,vanya1 an old man ( fifty1 cries beside himself all ov] ! /age1 ,my life is done =1 my life is done =1 & s5selessly %oots at a h>mless pr(essor4 ,! h]o 9 ,a ,t$i\s ,/ory 0 a quiet1 happy man engag$ 9 "w ( real importance1 :5 sudd5ly a horrible disease /ole ^u him1 n kill+ him1 b tak+ him betwe5 its loa?some jaws4 ,b :at =8 ,!n ,t*ekhov's girls & wom56 ,!y are mo/ly "y1 innoc5t1 fasc9at+4 ,& always !re lies 9 wait = !m r\nd e corn] a mean+less1 rude1 ugly mis]y :i* murd]s ev5 ! mo/ mode/ hopes4 ,!y sob bitt]ly1 b fate takes no notice4 ,h[ expla9 su* horrors8 ,t*ekhov is sil5t4 ,he does n weep himself--he left (f long ago1 & besides x is a humiliat+ ?+ = a gr[n-up p]son to d4 ,sett+ "o's tee?1 x is necess>y ei!r to keep sil5t or--to expla94 ,well1 metaphysics "u takes ! explanation4 ,:]e common s5se /ops1 metaphysics mu/ take ano!r /ride4 ,we h se51 x says1 _m in/ances :]e at fir/ glance suff]+ seem$ absurd & ne$less1 b :]e lat] on a pr(\nd significance 0 reveal$4 ,?us x may be t :at we _c expla9 may f9d its explanation 9 "t4 ',life is lo/1' cries ,uncle ,vanya1 ',life is done =1' repeat ! voices ( girls innoc5tly p]i%+--yet no?+ is lo/4 ,! v horror :i* a dr[n+ man exp]i5ces goes to %[ t ! dr[n+ is no?+ f9al4 ,x is only ! beg9n+ ( great] ev5ts4 ,! less a man has fulfill$ 9 exp]i5ce1 ! m 9 him rema9s ( unsatisfi$ passion & desire1 ! great] are ! gr\nds = ?9k+ t 8 ess5ce _c be de/roy$1 b mu/ manife/ itself someh[ or o!r 9 ! univ]se4 ,volunt>y asceticism & self-d5ial1 su* common human ph5om5a1 help to solve ! riddle4 ,nobody compels a man1 he imposes suff]+ & ab/95ce on himself4 ,x is an incompreh5sible in/9ct1 b /ill an in/9ct :i*1 root$ 9 ! dep?s ( our nature1 prompts u to a decision repugnant to reason3 r5\nce life1 save y\rself4 ,! majority ( m5 d n he> or d n he$ ! prompt+4 ,& !n nature1 :i* _c rely on our s5sibility1 has rec\rse to viol5ce4 ,%e %[s glimpses ( ,p>adise to u 9 our y\?1 awak5s hopes & impossible desires1 & at ! mom5t ( our supreme expectation %e %[s u ! holl[ness ( our hope4 ,ne>ly e life c be summ$ up 9 a few words3 man 0 %[n heav5--& ?r[n into ! mud4 ,we are all ascetics--volunt>y or involunt>y4 ,"h on e>? dreams & hopes are only awak5$1 n fulfill$4 ,& he :o has endur$ mo/ suff]+1 mo/ privation1 w awak5 9 ! aft]w>ds mo/ ke5ly alive4 ,su* long spee*es metaphysics :isp]s to u4 ,& we repeat !m1 (t5 leav+ out ! x may be4 ,sometimes we believe !m1 & =ge our philosophies f !m4 ,ev5 we g s f> z to ass]t t _h we ! p[] we w\ld *ange no?+1 absolutely no?+ 9 ! _w4 ,& yet1 if by "s miracle su* p[] came into our h&s1 h[ triumphantly we w\ld s5d to ! devil all philosophies & l(ty _w-conceptions1 all ideals & metaphysics1 & pla9ly & simply1 )\t reflection1 aboli% suff]+s1 de=mities1 failures1 all ^? ?+s to :i* we atta* su* a high educational value1 aboli% !m f ! face ( ! e>?4 ,we are f$ up1 oh1 h[ f$ up we are ) c>ry+ on our /udies4 ,b x c't be help$4 ,faute de mieux1 let u keep on inv5t+ sy/ems1 ?9k+ !m out4 ,b let u agree n to be cross ) ^? :o don't want to h any?+ to d ) our sy/ems4 ,really1 !y h a p]fect "r4 #cb ,old age mu/ be respect$--s all say1 ev5 ! old4 ,& ! "y will+ly meet ! dem&4 ,b 9 su* spontane\s1 ev5 (t5 emphatic respect1 is !re n some?+ insult+ to old age4 ,e "y man1 by 8 volunt>y def]5ce1 seems to say3 ,& /ill ! ris+ /> %9es bright] ?an ! sett+4 ,& ! old1 accept+ ! respect1 are well aw>e t !y c c\nt on no?+ m4 ,! "y are att5tive & respectful to ! old only ^u ! express condition t ! latt] %all behave l old p1 & /& aside f life4 ,let a real man try to foll[ ,fau/'s example1 & :at a %9dy !re w be6 ,! old1 be+ z a rule helpless1 are compell$ to b[ to public op9ion & behave z if _! only int]e/s 7 ! int]e/s ( righte\sness1 good "n1 & su*-l ,platonic attributes4 ,only a few g aga9/ ! conv5tion1 & ^! are mon/]s & deg5]ates4 ,we d n wi% old m5 to h desires1 s t life is arrang$ z if old m5 desir$ no?+4 ,?is1 ( c\rse1 is no great matt]3 ev5 ! "y are compell$ to be satisfi$ ) less ?an no?+1 9 our sy/em4 ,we are n out to m$dle ) human rights4 ,our po9t is t sci5ce & philosophy take en=c$ appe>ances = reality4 ,grey hair is suppos$ to be a sure sign ( victory ov] ! passions4 ,h5ce1 see+ t we mu/ all come to grey hairs1 !re=e ! ultimate bus9ess ( man is to ov]come ! passions4444 ,on ?is granite f\ndation :ole sy/ems ( philosophy are built4 ,x is n wor? :ile qu>rell+ ) a cu/om--let u cont9ue to pay respect to old age4 ,b let u look 9 o!r directions = philosophic bases4 ,x is "t to op5 a free road to ! passions ev5 9 ! prov9ce ( metaphysics4 #cc ,do/oevsky--advocatus diaboli4--,do/oevsky1 l ,nietzs*e1 dislik$ ,prote/antism1 & tri$ e means ( degrad+ x 9 ! eyes ( ! _w4 ,z normally he 0 n ov] scrupul\s1 x is probable he nev] took ! tr\ble to acqua9t himself ) ,lu!r's tea*+4 ,8 flair did n deceive him3 ! ,prote/ant religion & morality 0 mo/ unsuitable to him & 8 k9d4 ,b does ?is mean t x 0 to be calumniat$1 & judg$1 z ,do/oevsky judg$ x1 m]ely by ! etymological mean+ ( a ^w8 ,prote/ant--a prote/]1 "o :o only prote/s & has no positive cont5t4 ,a *ild's text-book ( hi/ory w %[ ! absurdity ( ! def9ition4 ,prote/antism is1 on ! :ole1 ! mo/ positive1 ass]tive cre$ ( all ! ,*ri/ian religions4 ,x c]ta9ly prote/$ aga9/ ,ca?olicism1 b aga9/ ! de/ructive t5d5cies 9 ! latt]1 & 9 ! "n ( positive ideals4 ,ca?olicism reli$ too mu* on its p[] & its spell1 & mo/ ( all on ! infallibility ( its dogmas to :i* x (f]$ millions ( victims4 ,to maim & mutilate a man ad majorem gloriam ,dei 0 consid]$ a p]fectly prop] ?+ 9 ! ,middle ,ages1 ! p]iod ( bloom = ,ca?olicism4 ,at ! risk ( appe>+ p>adoxical1 ,i v5ture to ass]t t ideas h be5 inv5t$ only = ! purpose ( giv+ ! "r to mutilate p4 ,! ,middle ,ages n\ri%$ a my/]i\s1 incompreh5sible hatr$ = ev]y?+ normal1 self-satisfi$1 complete4 ,a "y1 heal?y1 h&some man1 at peace ) himself1 ar\s$ suspicion & ho/ility 9 a believ+ ,ca?olic4 ,8 v appe>ance (f5d$ religion & confut$ dogma4 ,x 0 n necess>y to exam9e him4 ,ev5 ?\gh he w5t to *ur*1 & gave no sign ( d\bt1 ei!r 9 de$ or ^w1 yet he mu/ be a h]etic1 to be conv]t$ at all co/4 ,& we "k ! ,ca?olic co/3 privation1 asceticism1 mortification ( ! fle%4 ,! mo/ normal p]son1 kept on a mona/ic regime1 w lose 8 spiritual balance1 & all ^? virtues :i* belong to a heal?y _s & a heal?y body4 ,?is 0 all ,ca?olicism ne$$4 ,x tri$ to obta9 f p ! extreme endeav\r ( _! :ole be+4 ,ord9>y1 natural love1 :i* f\nd its satisfaction--?is 0 s9ful4 ,monks & prie/s 7 condemn$ to celibacy--h5ce mon/r\s & abnormal passions develop$4 ,pov]ty 0 prea*$1 & ! mo/ unhe>d-( gre$ appe>$ 9 ! _w1 ! m secret ! /rong] x became4 ,humility 0 ess5tial--& out ( b>e-foot$ monks sprang despots :o _h no limits to _! ambitions4 ,lu!r 0 ! la/ man to und]/& ! mean+ & value ( ! tasks :i* ,ca?olicism _h set itself4 ,:at he saw 9 ,rome 0 n ! accid5tal outcome ( ?is or ! o!r hi/orical circum/ance1 b a result ( ! age-long ef=t ( g5]ations t _h /riv5 to attribute to life z al>m+ & dang]\s a nature z possible4 ,! s9c]e1 direct1 ru/ic ,g]man monk 0 too simple-m9d$ to make out :at 0 go+ on 9 ,rome4 ,he ?\ght !re exi/$ "o tru?1 & t ! ess5ce ( ,ca?olicism lay 9 :at seem$ to him an exempl>y1 virtu\s life4 ,he w5t direct to 8 aim8 ,:at mean+ c mona/icism h8 ,:y deprive a prie/ ( family happ9ess8 ,h[ accept ! lic5ti\sness ( ! pope's capital8 ,! common s5se ( ! normal ,g]man revolt$ aga9/ ! absurdity ( su* a /ate ( ?+s--& ,lu!r nei!r c\ld nor w\ld see any good :]e common s5se 0 utt]ly =gott54 ,! viol5t oscillation ( life result+ f ! cont9u\s quick passage f asceticism & bl9d fai? to unbelief & fre$om ( ! passions ar\s$ a my/ic horror 9 ! hone/ monk & releas$ ! enorm\s p[]s 9 him necess>y to />t ! great /ruggle4 ,h[ c\ld he help prote/+8 ,& :o 0 ! d5i]1 ,lu!r1 or ! ,rome :i* pass$ on f ! keep+ ( ! ,div9e ,^w to ! arbitr>y orda9+ ( all ! my/]ies ( life8 ,lu!r might h =giv5 ! monks _h !y conf9$ !mselves to sophi/ries4 ,b m$iaeval monks _h no?+ 9 common ) our philosoph]s4 ,!y did n look = _w-conceptions 9 books1 & logical t\rnam5ts amus$ !m only mod]ately4 ,!y ?rew !mselves into ! deeps ( life1 !y exp]im5t$ on !mselves & _! neighb\rs4 ,!y pass$ f mortification to lic5ti\s bac*analia4 ,!y fe>$ no?+1 sp>$ no?+4 ,9 a ^w1 ! ,rome aga9/ :i* ,lu!r arose _h und]tak5 to build ,babylon aga91 n ) /ones1 b ) human s\ls4 ,lu!r1 horrifi$1 )drew1 & ) him half ,europe 0 )drawn4 ,t is 8 positive m]it4 ,& ,do/oevsky attack$ ,lu!ranism1 & piti$ ! old ,ca?olicism & ! brea?less heights to :i* its spiritual *ildr5 _h ris54 ,:olesome morality & its support is n en\gh = ,do/oevsky4 ,all ?is is n positive1 x is only prote/4 ,:e!r ,i am believ$ or n1 ,i w repeat t ,vladimir ,soloviov1 :o held t ,do/oevsky 0 a prophet1 is wrong1 & t ,n4 ,k4 ,mikhailovsky1 :o calls him a cruel tal5t & a grubb] aft] buri$ treasure1 is "r4 ,do/oevsky grubs aft] buri$ treasure--no d\bt ab\t t4 ,&1 !re=e1 x w\ld be m becom+ 9 ! y\ng] g5]ation t /ill m>*es "u ! flag ( pi\s idealism if1 in/ead ( *oos+ him z a spiritual lead]1 !y avoid$ ! old sorc]]1 9 :om only ^? gift$ ) great %ortsight$ness or lack ( exp]i5ce 9 life c\ld fail to see ! dang]\s man4 #cd ,x is bor+ & difficult to conv9ce p1 & aft] all1 n necess>y4 ,x w\ld be mu* bett] if e individual kept 8 own op9ions4 ,un=tunately1 x _c be4 ,:e!r y l x or n1 y h to admit ! law ( gravitation4 ,"s p f9d x necess>y to admit ! orig9 ( man f ! monkey4 ,9 ! empirical realm1 h[ev] humiliat+ x may be1 !re are c]ta9 real1 b9d+1 univ]sal tru?s aga9/ :i* no rebellion w avail4 ,) :at pleasure w\ld we decl>e to a repres5tative ( sci5ce t fire does n burn1 t rattlesnakes are n poison\s1 t a fall f a high t[] is p]fectly agreeable1 etc41 etc41 suppos+ he 7 oblig$ to prove to u ! contr>y4 ,unluckily ! sci5tific p]son is free f ! burd5 ( pro(3 nature proves1 & ?or\ghly4 ,if nature1 l metaphysics1 set out to compel u ?r\gh syllogisms or s]mons to believe 9 h]1 h[ little %e w\ld get out ( u4 ,%e is mu* m sagaci\s4 ,morality & logic %e has left to ,hegel & ,sp9oza1 = h]self %e has tak5 a cudgel4 ,n[ !n1 try to argue aga9/ ?is6 ,y w give 9 aga9/ y\r w4 ,! clev]e/ ( all ! metaphysicians1 ,ca?olic inquisitors1 imitat$ nature4 ,!y r>ely tri$ ! ^w1 & tru/$ to ! fire ( faggots r ?an ( ! he>t4 ,_h !y only _h m p[]1 x w\ld n be possible to f9d two p 9 ! :ole _w disbeliev+ 9 ! infallibility ( ! ,pope4 ,metaphysical ideas1 dreamily expect+ to conqu] ! _w by reason$ exposition1 w nev] atta9 dom9ion4 ,if !y are b5t on success1 let !m try m effective me?ods ( conv9c+4 #ce ,evolution4--,9 rec5t ye>s we see m & m *ange 9 ! philosophies ( writ]s & ev5 ( non-lit]>y p4 ,! old m5 are beside !mselves--su* %ift9ess seems indec5t4 ,aft] all1 convictions are n gloves4 ,b ! "y c>elessly pass on f "o idea to ano!r4 ,irresolute m5 are some:at timid1 & al?\gh !y ab&on _! =m] convictions !y d n decl>e ! *ange op5ly4 ,o!rs1 h[ev]1 pla9ly ann\nce1 z if x 7 no?+1 h[ f> !y n[ are f ! beliefs !y held six mon?s ago4 ,"o ev5 publi%es :ole volumes relat+ h[ he pass$ on f "o philosophy to ano!r1 & !n to a ?ird4 ,p see no?+ al>m+ 9 t k9d ( evolution4 ,!y believe x is 9 ! ord]+ ( ?+s4 ,b n s at all6 ,! read9ess to leave (f "o set ( convictions 9 ord] to assume ano!r set %[s complete indiff]5ce to convictions altoge!r4 ,n = no?+ d ! old s\nd ! al>m4 ,b to u :o h f\ght s long aga9/ all k9ds ( con/ancy1 ! levity ( ! "y is a pleasant sight4 ,!y w don mat]ialism1 positivism1 ,kantianism1 spiritualism1 & s on1 "o aft] ! o!r1 till !y realise t all !ories1 ideas & ideals are z ( little consequ5ce z ! hoop-skirts & cr9ol9es ( our gr&mo!rs4 ,!n !y w beg9 to live )\t ideals & pre-arrang$ purposes1 )\t =esight1 rely+ on *ance & _! own ready wit4 ,?is way1 too1 mu/ be tri$4 ,p]haps we %all d bett] by x4444 ,anyh[1 x w be m fun4 #cf ,/r5g? ( w4--,weakness & p>alysis ( ! w1 a v dang]\s disease 9 our times1 & 9 mo/ o!r times1 consi/s n 9 ! absolute loss ( desire1 su* z takes place 9 ! v old1 b 9 ! loss ( ! capacity to translate desire into de$4 ,a diseas$ w is (t5 met 9 viol5tly passionate m51 s t ! prov]b--,say ,i w n1 n ,i _c--does n always hold good4 ,man (t5 w\ld1 b _c4 ,& !n ! =ce ( desire in/ead ( mov+ to outw>d creation1 works inw>dly4 ,?is is ju/ly consid]$ ! mo/ dang]\s effect ( ! weak5+ ( ! w4 ,= inw>d work+ is de/ructive work+4 ,man does n only1 to put x sci5tifically1 fail to adapt nature to 8 ne$s1 b he loses 8 own p[] ( adaptability to outw>d circum/ances4 ,! mo/ ord9>y doctor1 or ev5 anybody1 decides t he has be=e him a pa?ological case :i* mu/ be treat$ ) c>e4 ,! pati5t is ( ! same op9ion1 :il/ he /ill hopes4 ,b :5 ! treatm5t has _h no results1 ! doctor draws back & speaks ( ! inadequacy ( 8 sci5ce4 ,!n :at is ! pati5t to retire ^u8 ,x is disgu/+ to speak ( an incurable disease4 ,s he beg9s to ?9k1 ?9k1 ?9k--all ! "t ab\t ?+s ( :i* nobody ?9ks4 ,he is gradually =gott51 & gradually he =gets ev]y?+--b fir/ ( all1 t widespread tru? :i* ass]ts t no judgm5ts are valid save ^? t are accept$ & univ]sal4 ,n t he disputes ! tru?3 he =gets x1 & !re is none to rem9d him4 ,to him all 8 judgm5ts seem valid & important4 ,( c\rse he _c advance ! pr9ciple3 let all m5 turn f ! ext]nal _w into !mselves4 ,b :y advance a pr9ciple at all8 ,"o c simply say3 ,i am indiff]5t to ! de/9ies ( ! ext]nal _w4 ,i d n want to move m\nta9s or turn riv]s aside or re>range ! map ( ,europe4 ,i don't ev5 want to g to ! tobacconi/ to buy cig>ettes4 ,i don't want to d any?+4 ,i want to ?9k t my inaction is ! mo/ important ?+ on e>?1 t any disease is bett] ?an heal?1 & s on & s on )\t end4 ,to :at ?\ght's w n a man ab&on$ by m$ic9e & doctors s9k d[n6 ,8 judgm5ts are n b9d+ on u1 t is z cle> z day4 ,b are !y un9t]e/+8 ,& is t p>alysis1 t weakness ( w1 a disease only8 #cg ,dea? & metaphysics4--,a sup]ficial obs]v] kn[s t ! be/ ?+s 9 life are h>d to atta94 ,"s psy*ologi/s ev5 consid] t ! *ief beauty ( ! highe/ ?+s consi/s 9 _! unatta9ability4 ,?is is surely n true--yet !re is a gra9 9 x4 ,! roads to good ?+s are dang]\s to travel4 ,is x because nature is s mu* poor] ?an we imag9e1 s %e mu/ lock up h] bless+s1 or is !re "s great] mean+ 9 x1 t we h n guess$8 ,= ! fact is1 ! m allur+ an end we h 9 view1 ! m risks & horrors we mu/ und]take to get !re4 ,may we n also make a contr>y sugge/ion3 t beh9d e dang] some?+ good is hidd51 & t !re=e dang] s]ves z an indication1 a m>k to guide u onw>ds1 n z a w>n+1 z we are taught to believe4 ,to decide ?is w\ld be to decide t beh9d dea?1 ! greate/ ( dang]s1 mu/ lie ! mo/ promis+ ?+s4 ,x is z well n to speculate fur!r4 ,we _h be/ /op le/ we qu>rel ev5 ) metaphysics4 ,traditional metaphysics has always be5 able to illum9e our temporal exi/5ce ) ! reflect$ beams ( et]nity4 ,let u foll[ ! example4 ,let u make no attempt to "k ! absolute4 ,if y h discov]$ a com=t+ hypo!sis1 ev5 9 ! upp] transc5d5tal air1 drag x quickly to e>? :]e lab\r+ m5 =ev] await ev5 an imag9>y relief f _! lot4 ,we mu/ make use ( ev]y?+1 ev5 ( dea?1 to s]ve ! ends ( ?is life ( ours4 #ch ,! future4--,a clev]1 reasonable boy1 accu/om$ to tru/ 8 common s5se1 read 9 a book = *ildr5 a description ( a %ipwreck :i* occurr$ j z ! pass5g]s 7 eat+ _! sweets at dess]t4 ,he 0 a/oni%$ to le>n t ev]yone1 wom5 & *ildr5 z well1 :o c\ld give no assi/ance-:atev] 9 sav+ ! %ip1 left _! dess]t & ru%$ on deck ) wail+ & te>s4 ,:y wail1 :y ru% ab\t1 :y be /upidly agitat$8 ,! crew knew _! bus9ess & w\ld d all t c\ld be done4 ,if y are go+ to p]i%1 p]i% y w1 no matt] h[ y scream4 ,x seem$ to ! boy t if he _h be5 on ! %ip he w\ld j h gone on eat+ 8 sweets to ! la/ mom5t4 ,ju/ice %\ld be done to ?is judici\s & irreproa*able op9ion4 ,!re rema9$ only a few m9utes to live--w\ld x n h be5 bett] to enjoy !m8 ,! logic is p]fect1 wor?y ( ,ari/otle4 ,& x 0 f\nd impossible to prove to ! boy t he w\ld h left 8 sweets1 ev5 8 fav\rite sweets1 "u ! same circum/ances1 & ru%$1 & scream$ ) ! re/4 ,h5ce a moral--d n decide ab\t ! future4 ,to-day common s5se is upp]mo/1 & sweets are y\r highe/ law4 ,b to-morr[ y w get rid ( normality & s5se1 y w l9k on ) nons5se & absurdity1 & probably y w ev5 get a ta/e = bitt]s4 ,:at d y ?9k8 #ci ,a priori syn!tic judgm5ts4--,kant1 z we "k1 f\nd 9 ma!matics & ! natural sci5ces a priori syn!tic judgm5ts4 ,0 he "r or wrong8 ,are ! judgm5ts he indicat$ a priori or a po/]iori8 ,anyh[1 "o ?+ is c]ta93 !y are n accept$ z absolutely1 b only z relatively indisputable4 ,9 metaphysics1 :]e ! only curi\s & important tru?s are hidd51 ! case is diff]5t4 ,kant 0 compell$ to admit t j :]e metaphysics beg9 ! capacity ( our human reason to judge a priori ends4 ,b s9ce we _c disp5se ) metaphysical judgm5ts1 he propos$ to sub/itute = !m po/ulates4 ,at ! same "t he admitt$ ! optimi/ic presupposition t 9 ! doma9 ( ! transc5d5tal we %all f9d all t we miss 9 ! _w ( ph5om5a4 ,s t1 because he c\ld n inv5t a truly sci5tific metaphysics1 he contriv$ to pres5t u ) a non-sci5tific sort4 ,:i* is to say1 aft] _m r\nd-ab\t j\rneys he br+s 8 read]s along ! opposite way "r back to ! v spot f :i* he l$ !m (f4 ,surely non-sci5tific metaphysics exi/$ be=e ,kant3 ! m$iaeval philosoph]s _h pl5ty ( phantasies & speculations1 all support$ by moral pro(s4 ,if ,kant want$ to re=m metaphysics1 he %\ld h got rid ( its fav\rite me?od ( obta9+ tru?s ?r\gh inf]5tial conclusions4 ,m5 are gre$y1 !y want to le>n mu*1 & get _! k *eap4 ,s !y ?9k t e tru? !y h paid = ) exp]i5ce & loss ( en]gy entitles !m to a few m tru?s gratis3 or1 9 philosophic language1 a priori1 by d$uction4 ,!y are n a%am$ to speculate ) a gift t has be5 giv5 !m4 ,in/ead ( look+1 li/5+1 t\*+1 seek+1 !y want to inf] & conclude4 ,c]ta9ly if !y c\ld wr+ any secret out ( nature1 no matt] by :at means1 cunn+1 impud5ce1 fraud1 we w\ld =give !m--conqu]ors are n judg$4 ,b no?+ comes ( _! conclusions save metaphysical sy/ems & empty prattle4 ,x is surely "t to give up conclusions1 & get tru? a po/]iori1 z did ,%akspe>e1 ,goe!1 ,do/oevsky2 t is1 e "t y want to "k any?+1 g & look & f9d out4 ,& if "o is lazy1 or horrifi$ at a new exp]im5t1 let him tra9 himself to look on ultimate que/ions ) indiff]5ce1 z ! positivi/s d4 ,b moral1 ontological & su* l argum5ts6--really1 x is disgu/+ to talk ab\t !m4 ,e new exp]im5t is int]e/+2 b our conclusions1 i4e41 syn!tic judgm5ts a priori1 are mo/ly pomp\s lies1 n wor? ! scrap ( pap] on :i* !y are record$4 #dj ,g5]al rules4--,p g to philosoph]s = g5]al pr9ciples4 ,& s9ce philosoph]s are human1 !y are kept busy supply+ ! m>ket ) g5]al pr9ciples4 ,b :at s5se is !re 9 !m8 ,none at all4 ,nature dem&s individual creative activity f u4 ,m5 won't und]/& ?is1 s !y wait =ev] = ! ultimate tru?s f philosophy1 :i* !y w nev] get4 ,:y %\ld n e gr[n-up p]son be a creator1 live 9 8 own way at 8 own risk & h 8 own exp]i5ce8 ,*ildr5 & raw y\?s mu/ g 9 lead+ /r+s4 ,b adult p :o want to feel ! re9s %\ld be despis$4 ,!y are c[>ds1 & slo?ful3 afraid to try1 !y et]nally g to ! wise = advice4 ,& ! wise d n hesitate to take ! responsibility = ! lives ( o!rs4 ,!y inv5t g5]al rules1 z if !y _h access to ! s\rces ( k4 ,:at fool]y6 ,! wise are no wis] ?an ! /upid--!y h only m conceit & effront]y4 ,e intellig5t man laughs 9 8 s\l at booki% views4 ,& are n books ! "w ( ! wise8 ,!y are (t5 extremely int]e/+--b only 9 s f> z !y d n conta9 g5]al rules4 ,woe to him1 :o w\ld build up 8 life accord+ to ,hegel1 ,s*op5hau]1 ,tol/oy1 ,s*ill]1 or ,do/oevsky4 ,he mu/ read !m1 b he mu/ h s5se1 a m9d ( 8 own to live )4 ,^? :o h tri$ to live accord+ to !ories f books h f\nd ?is out4 ,at ! be/1 _! ef=ts produc$ banality4 ,!re is no alt]native4 ,:e!r man likes or n he w at la/ h to realise t cli*es are wor?less1 & t he mu/ live f himself4 ,!re are no all-b9d+1 univ]sal judgm5ts--let u manage ) non-b9d+1 non-univ]sal ones4 ,only pr(essors w suff] = x4444 #da ,metaphysical consolations4--,metaphysics m]cilessly p]secutes all eudaemoni/ic doctr9es1 see+ 9 !m a sort ( laesio maje/atis ( human dignity4 ,our dignity =bids u to place human happ9ess 9 ! highe/ goal4 ,suppose x is s8 ,b :y !n inv5t consolations1 ev5 metaphysical ones8 ,:y give to su* a pure ideal concept z metaphysics su* a co>se s5sual p>tn] z consolation8--s5sual 9 ! ,kantian mean+ ( ! ^w4 ,metaphysics _h mu* bett] associate h]self ) pr\d disconsolation4 ,consolation br+s calm & ease1 ev5 quiet gratification to ! s\l4 ,b surely1 if metaphysics condesc5d to accept any assi/ance :atev]1 %e mu/ scorn all e>?ly gratifications1 leave !m to w+less positivism & mat]ialism4 ,:at are joys & pa9s to metaphysics8--%e is "o ?+1 !y ano!r4 ,yet all ( a sudd5 metaphysicians beg9 to %\t ab\t consolations4 ,evid5tly !re is a misund]/&+ "h1 & a big "o4 ,! m y pi]ce to ! ultimate ends ( ! inf9ite metaphysical problems1 ! m f9ite !y reveal !mselves4 ,metaphysicians only look out = "s new boon--,i ne>ly said pleasure4 ,voltaire said t if !re 0 no ,god1 !n ,he %\ld be inv5t$4 ,we expla9 ^! words by ! great ,fr5*man's extreme positivism4 ,b ! =m only is positive1 ! cont5t is purely metaphysical4 ,all t a metaphysician wants to d is to conv9ce himself t ,god exi/s4 ,no matt] :e!r he is mi/ak5 or n1 he has f\nd a consolation4 ,x is impossible = him to see t 8 belief 9 a c]ta9 fact does n make t fact v]itable4 ,! :ole "q is :e!r !re does exi/ a supreme1 consci\s ,fir/ ,cause1 or :e!r we are slaves to ! laws ( dead necessity4 ,b :at does ! metaphysician c>e ab\t ?is real "q6 ,hav+ decl>$ himself ! av[$ enemy ( eudaemonism1 he next seeks consolation1 no?+ b consolation4 ,to d\bt 8 "r to be consol$ drives him to fury & madness4 ,he is prep>$ to support 8 convictions by e means--rang+ f righte\s indignation to fi/s4 ,x is obvi\sly futile to try to enlight5 su* a creature4 ,once a man c>es no?+ = ,god1 & seeks only to make ! be/ ( 8 life1 y w n te> away 8 att5tion f ! imm$iate mom5t4 ,b p]haps !re is a ,god1 & nei!r ,voltaire nor ! metaphysicians h any ne$ to inv5t ,him4 ,! metaphysicians nev] saw t an av[$ disbelief 9 ,god does n prove ! non-exi/5ce ( ,god1 b j ! opposite2 x is a sur] sign ( fai? ?an ev] belief is4 ,un=tunate metaphysicians6 ,!y might h f\nd _! greate/ consolation "h1 & fi/s & moral indignation & o!r =ms ( *a/isem5t to :i* !y h be5 driv5 might h be5 sp>$ u4 #db ,practical advice4--,p :o read mu* mu/ always keep x 9 m9d t life is "o ?+1 lit]ature ano!r4 ,n t au?ors inv>iably lie4 ,i decl>e t !re are writ]s :o r>ely & mo/ reluctantly lie4 ,b "o mu/ "k h[ to read1 & t isn't easy4 ,out ( a hundr$ book-read]s n9ety-n9e h no idea :at !y are read+ ab\t4 ,x is a common belief1 = example1 t any writ] :o s+s ( suff]+ mu/ be ready at all times to op5 8 arms to ! we>y & heavy-lad54 ,?is is :at 8 read]s feel :5 !y read 8 books4 ,!n :5 !y approa* him ) _! woes1 & f9d t he runs away )\t look+ back at !m1 !y are fill$ ) indignation & talk ( ! discrepancy betwe5 ^w & de$4 ,:]eas ! fact is1 ! s+] has m ?an en\gh woes ( 8 own1 & he s+s !m because he c't get rid ( !m4 ,l'uccello canto1 nella gabbia1 non di gioia ma di rabbia1 says ! ,italian prov]b3 ,! bird s+s 9 ! cage1 n f joy b f rage4 ,x is impossible to love suff]]s1 p>ticul>ly hopeless suff]]s1 & :oev] says o!rwise is a delib]ate li>4 ,come unto ,me all ye t lab\r & are heavy lad51 & ,i w give y re/4 ,b y rememb] :at ! ,jews said ab\t ,him3 ,he speaks z "o hav+ au?ority6 ,& if ,jesus _h be5 unable1 or _h n possess$ ! "r1 to answ] ?is sceptical taunt1 ,he w\ld h _h to r5\nce ,8 words4 ,we common mortals h nei!r div9e p[]s nor div9e rights1 we c only love our neighb\rs :il/ !y /ill h hope1 & any pret5ce ( go+ beyond ?is is empty swagg]4 ,ask him :o s+s ( suff]+ = no?+ b 8 songs4 ,r ?9k ( alleviat+ 8 burd5 ?an ( requir+ alleviation f him4 ,surely n = ev] %\ld we ask any poet to sob & look ^u te>s4 ,i w end ) ano!r ,italian say+3 ,non e un si tri/e cane *e non m5i la coda4 444 ,no dog s wret*$ b he wags 8 tail sometimes4 #dc ,if a pati5t fulfils all ! ord]s ( a s5sible doctor1 we say he behaves wisely4 ,if he wantonly neglects 8 treatm5t1 we say he acts /upidly4 ,if a heal?y p]son wi%$ to inoculate himself ) "s dang]\s disease--say ph?isis--we %\ld say he 0 mad1 & =cibly re/ra9 him4 ,to su* an ext5t are we conv9c$ t disease is evil1 heal? good4 ,well--on :at is our conviction bas$8 ,at a glance ! "q seems absurd4 ,b !n at a glance p w\ld absolutely refuse to d\bt ! fixity ( ! e>?1 at a glance an ord9>y p]son w\ld giggle if he 0 %[n ! problem ( ! relation betwe5 ! real _w & ! ideal4 ,:o kn[s :at w\ld seem am5able to discussion to ! ord9>y p]son8 ,! philosoph] has no "r to appeal to ! ord9>y p]son4 ,! philosoph] mu/ d\bt & d\bt & d\bt1 & "q :5 nobody que/ions1 & risk mak+ a laugh+-/ock ( himself4 ,if common s5se 7 en\gh to settle all problems1 we %\ld h kn[n ev]y?+ long age4 ,s t--:y d we value heal? m ?an sickness8 ,or ev5 fur!r--:i* is bett]1 heal? or sickness4 ,if we w drop ! utilit>ian po9t ( view--& all are agre$ t ?is has no place 9 philosophy--!n we %all see at once t we h no gr\nds :atev] = pref]r+ heal? & sickness4 ,we h inv5t$ nei!r ! "o nor ! o!r4 ,we f\nd !m bo? 9 ! _w along ) u4 ,:y !n d we1 :o "k s little ab\t x1 take ^u ourselves to judge :i* are nature's successes1 :i* h] failures8 ,heal? is agreeable--sickness disagreeable4 ,b ?is consid]ation is unwor?y ( a philosoph]3 o!rwise :y be a philosoph]1 :y di/+ui% oneself f ! h]d8 ,! philosoph] inv5t$ morality1 :i* has at its disposal v>i\s pure ideas t h no relation to empirical life4 ,!n let u g fur!r4 ,reason %\ld h a supply ( pure ideas also4 ,let ,reason judge 9 h] own indep5d5t way1 )\t con=m+ to conv5tional ideas4 ,:5 %e has no o!r resort1 let h] proce$ by ! me?od ( negation3 ev]y?+ t common s5se ass]ts1 ,i1 ,reason1 decl>e to be false4 ,s--common s5se ,says sickness is bad1 reason !re=e ass]ts t sickness is ! highe/ boon4 ,su* ,reason we %\ld call autonom\s1 law-unto-itself4 ,l a real mon>*1 x is guid$ only by its own w4 ,let all consid]ations po9t 9 fav\r ( heal?1 ,reason mu/ rema9 inexorable & keep h] /& till we are all br\ght to ob$i5ce4 ,%e mu/ praise suff]+1 de=mity1 failure1 hopelessness4 ,at e /ep %e mu/ fight common-s5se & utilit>ianism1 until mank9d is br\ght "u4 ,is %e afraid ( rebellion8 ,mu/ %e 9 ! la/ issue1 l morality1 adapt h]self to ! incl9ations ( ! mob8 #dd ,exp]i5ce & ,sci5ce4--,z we are well aw>e1 sci5ce does n1 nay _c1 admit exp]i5ce 9 all its ext5t4 ,%e ?r[s ov]bo>d an enorm\s quantity ( individual facts1 reg>d+ !m z ! balla/ ( our human vessel4 ,%e takes note only ( su* ph5om5a z alt]nate con/antly & ) a c]ta9 regul>ity4 ,be/ ( all %e likes ^? ph5om5a :i* c be artificially provok$1 :51 s to speak1 exp]im5t is possible4 ,%e expla9s ! rotation ( ! e>? & succession ( ! seasons s9ce a regul> recurr5ce is obs]vable1 & %e demon/rates ?und] & lightn+ ) a sp>k f an electric ma*9e4 ,9 a ^w1 9 s f> z a regul> alt]nation ( ph5om5a is obs]vable1 s f> ext5ds ! realm ( sci5ce4 ,b :at ab\t ^? individual ph5om5a :i* d n recur1 & :i* _c be artificially provok$8 ,if all m5 7 bl9d1 & "o = a mom5t recov]$ 8 sight & op5$ 8 eyes on ,god's _w1 sci5ce w\ld reject 8 evid5ce4 ,yet ! evid5ce ( "o see+ man is wor? t ( a million bl9d4 ,sudd5 enlight5m5ts are possible 9 our life--ev5 if !y endure only = a few seconds4 ,mu/ !y be pass$ ov] 9 sil5ce because !y are n normal & _c be provok$8--or treat$ poetically1 z beautiful fictions8 ,sci5ce insi/s on x4 ,%e decl>es t no judgm5ts are true except su* z c be v]ifi$ by all & ev]yone4 ,%e exce$s h] b\nds4 ,exp]i5ce is wid] ?an sci5tific exp]im5t1 & individual ph5om5a mean mu* m to u ?an ! con/antly recurr5t4 ,sci5ce is useful--b %e ne$ n pret5d to tru?4 ,%e _c "k :at tru? is1 %e c only accumulate univ]sal laws4 ,:]eas !re are1 & always h be51 non-sci5tific ways ( se>*+ = tru?1 ways :i* lead1 if n to ! inn]mo/ secrets1 yet to ! ?re%old4 ,^! roads1 h[ev]1 we h let fall into ru9 :il/ we foll[$ our mod]n me?odologies1 s n[ we d>e n ev5 ?9k ( !m4 ,:at gives u ! "r to ass]t t a/rolog]s1 al*emi/s1 div9]s1 & sorc]]s :o pass$ ! long nights alone ) _! ?\ghts1 wa/$ _! "t 9 va98 ,z = ! philosoph]'s /one1 t 0 m]ely a plausible excuse inv5t$ to satisfy ! un9itiat$4 ,c\ld an al*emi/ d>e to confess op5ly t all 8 ef=ts 7 t[>ds no useful or utilit>ian end8 ,he _h to gu>d aga9/ importunate curiosity & imp]t95t au?ority 9 outsid]s4 ,s he li$1 n[ fright5+1 n[ allur+ ! mob ?r\gh its cupidity4 ,b c]ta9ly he _h 8 own important "w to d3 & x _h only "o fault1 t x 0 purely p]sonal to him4 ,& ab\t p]sonal matt]s x is consid]$ correct to keep sil5t4444 ,a/oni%+ fact6 ,z a rule a man hesitates ov] trifles4 ,b x does sometimes occur t a mom5t arrives :5 he is fill$ ) unhe>d-( c\rage & resolution 9 8 judgm5ts4 ,he is ready to /& up = 8 op9ions aga9/ all ! _w1 dead or liv+4 ,:5ce su* sudd5 surety1 :at does x mean8 ,rationally we c discov] no f\ndation = x4 ,if a lov] has got into 8 head t 8 belov$ is ! faire/ woman on e>?1 wor? ! :ole ( life to him2 if "o :o has be5 insult$ feels t 8 (f5d] is ! base/ wret*1 des]v+ torture & dea?2 if a w\ld-be ,columbus p]suades himself t ,am]ica is ! only goal = 8 ambition--:o w conv9ce su* m5 t _! op9ions1 %>$ by none b !mselves1 are false or unju/ifiable8 ,& = ^: sake w !y r5\nce _! t5ets8 ,= ! sake ( objective tru?8 t is1 = ! pleasure ( ! assurance t all m5 aft] !m w repeat _! judgm5t = tru?8 ,!y don't c>e4 ,let ,don ,quixote run broadca/ ) drawn sword1 prov+ ! beauty ( ,dulc9ea or ! imp5d+ horror ( w9dmills4 ,z a matt] ( fact1 he & ! ,g]man philosoph]s ) him h a vague idea1 a k9d ( pres5tim5t1 t _! giants are b mill-sails1 & t _! ideal on ! :ole is b a common girl driv+ sw9e to pa/ure4 ,to defy su* deadly d\bt !y take to ! sword or to argum5t1 & d n re/ until !y h succe$$ 9 /opp+ ! m\? ( ev]ybody4 ,:5 f all lips !y he> ! praise ( ,dulc9ea !y say3 yes1 %e is beautiful1 & %e nev] drove pigs4 ,:5 ! _w beholds _! w9dmill+ exploits ) amazem5t !y are fill$ ) triumph2 %eep are n %eep1 mills are n mills1 z y might imag9e2 !y are knights & cyclops4 ,?is is call$ a prov51 all-b9d+1 univ]sal tru?4 ,! support ( ! mob is a necess>y condition ( ! exi/5ce ( mod]n philosophy & its knights ( ! w(ul c\nt5ance4 ,sci5tific philosophy we>ies = a new ,c]vantes :o w put a /op to its pav+ ! way to tru? by d9t ( argum5t4 ,all op9ions h a "r to exi/1 & if we speak ( privilege1 !n pref]5ce %\ld be giv5 to su* z are mo/ run d[n to-day2 namely1 to su* op9ions z _c be v]ifi$ & :i* are1 = t self-same reason1 univ]sal4 ,once1 long ago man inv5t$ spee* 9 ord] to express 8 real relation to ! univ]se4 ,s he may be he>d1 ev5 ?\gh ! relation he wi%es to express be unique1 n to v]ifi$ by any o!r individual4 ,to attempt to v]ify x by obs]vations & exp]im5ts is /rictly =bidd54 ,if ! habit ( objective v]ification has de/roy$ y\r native receptivity to su* an ext5t t y\r eyes & e>s are gone1 & y mu/ rely only on ! evid5ce ( in/rum5ts or objects n subject to y\r w1 !n1 ( c\rse1 no?+ is left y b to /ick to ! belief t sci5ce is p]fect k4 ,b if y\r eyes live & y\r e> is s5sitive--?r[ away in/rum5ts & app>atuses1 =get me?odology & sci5tific ,don-,quixotism1 & try to tru/ y\rself4 ,:at h>m is !re 9 n hav+ univ]sal judgm5ts or tru?s8 ,h[ w x hurt y to see %eep z %eep8 ,x is a /ep =w>d4 ,y w le>n n to see ) ev]ybody's eyes1 b to see z none o!r sees4 ,y w le>n n to m$itate1 b to conjure up & call =? ) words ali5 to all b y\rself an unkn[n beauty & an unhe>d-( p[]4 ,n = no?+1 ,i repeat1 did a/rolog]s & al*emi/s scorn ! exp]im5tal me?od--:i*1 by ! way1 f> f be+ any?+ new or p>ticul>ly mod]n1 is z old z ! hills4 ,animals exp]im5t1 ?\gh !y d n compose treatises on inductive logic or pride !mselves on _! reason+ p[]s4 ,a c[ :o has burnt h] m\? 9 h] tr\gh w come up cauti\sly next "t to fe$4 ,e exp]im5t] is ! same--only he sy/ematises4 ,b animals c (t5 tru/ to in/9ct :5 exp]i5ce is lack+4 ,& h we humans got suffici5t exp]i5ce8 ,c exp]i5ce give u :at we want mo/8 ,if s1 let sci5ce & craftsman%ip s]ve our ev]yday ne$1 let ev5 philosophy1 also eag] to s]ve1 g on f9d+ univ]sal tru?s4 ,b beyond craft1 sci5ce1 & philosophy !re is ano!r region ( k4 ,?r\gh all ! ages m51 ea* "o at 8 own risk1 h s\ght to p5etrate into ?is region4 ,%all we1 m5 ( ! tw5tie? c5tury1 volunt>ily r5\nce our supreme p[]s & rights1 & because public op9ion dem&s x1 occupy ourselves exclusively ) discov]+ useful in=mation8 ,or1 9 ord] n to appe> mean or pov]ty-/rick5 9 our own eyes1 %all we accept 9 place ( ! philosoph]'s /one our mod]n metaphysics1 :i* muffles h] dread ( actuality 9 po/ulates1 absolutes1 & su*-l app>5tly transc5d5tal p>aph]nalia8 #de ,! ,russian ,_s4--,x w easily be admitt$ t ! di/+ui%+ qualities ( ,russian lit]ature1 & ( ,russian art 9 g5]al1 are simplicity1 tru?fulness1 & complete lack ( rhetorical ornam5t4 ,:e!r x be to our cr$it or to our discr$it is n = me to judge1 b "o ?+ seems c]ta93 t our simplicity & tru?fulness are due to our relatively scanty culture4 ,:il/ ,european ?9k]s h = c5turies be5 beat+ _! bra9s ov] insoluble problems1 we h only j begun to try our p[]s4 ,we h no failures beh9d u4 ,! fa!rs ( ! pr(\nde/ ,russian writ]s 7 ei!r l&[n]s1 divid+ _! "t betwe5 extravagant amusem5t & ,/ate s]vice1 or peasants ^: drudg]y left !m no "t = idle curiosity4 ,su* be+ ! case1 h[ c we "k :e!r human k has any limits8 ,& if we don't "k1 x seems to u x is only because we hav5't tri$ to f9d out4 ,o!r p's exp]i5ce is n ours4 ,we are n b\nd by _! conclusions4 ,inde$1 :at d we "k ( ! exp]i5ce ( o!rs1 save :at we ga!r1 v vaguely & fragm5t>ily & unreliably1 f books8 ,x is natural = u to believe ! be/1 till ! contr>y is prov$ to u4 ,any attempt to deprive u ( our belief meets ) ! mo/ en]getic resi/ance4 ,! mo/ sceptical ,russian hides a hope at ! bottom ( 8 s\l4 ,h5ce our fe>lessness ( ! tru?1 reali/ic tru? :i* s /unn$ ,european critics4 ,realism 0 inv5t$ 9 ! ,we/1 e/abli%$ !re z a !ory4 ,b 9 ! ,we/1 to c\nt]act x1 7 inv5t$ numb]less o!r palliat+ !ories ^: bus9ess x 0 to s(t5 d[n ! disconsolate conclusions ( ,realism4 ,!re 9 ,europe !y h ! l'tre suprme1 ! deus sive natura1 ,hegel's absolute1 ,kant's po/ulates1 ,engli% utilit>ianism1 progress1 humanit>ianism1 hundr$s ( philosophic & sociological !ories 9 :i* ev5 extreme reali/s c s clev]ly di% up :at !y call life1 t life1 or realism1 ceases to be life or reality altoge!r4 ,! ,we/]n] is self-reliant4 ,he kn[s t if he doesn't help himself nobody w help him4 ,s he directs all 8 ?\ghts to mak+ ! be/ ( 8 opportunities4 ,a limit$ "t is grant$ him4 ,if he c't get to ! end ( 8 song )9 ! "t-limit1 ! song mu/ rema9 unsung4 ,fate w n give him "o m9ute's grace = ! unbeat5 b>s4 ,!re=e z an exp]i5c$ musician he adapts himself sup]bly4 ,n a second is wa/$4 ,! tempo mu/ n drag = an in/ant1 or he is lo/4 ,! tempo is ev]y?+1 & x exacts facility & quickness ( movem5t4 ,dur+ a few %ort beats ! arti/ mu/ produce _m notes1 & produce !m s z to leave ! impression t he 0 n hurri$1 t he _h all ! "t 9 ! _w at 8 disposal4 ,moreov]1 ea* note mu/ be complete1 accompli%$1 h its fulness & its value4 ,native tal5t alone w n suffice = ?is4 ,exp]i5ce is necess>y1 tradition1 tra9+1 & inh]it$ in/9ct4 ,c>pe diem--! ,european has be5 liv+ up to ! motto = two ?\s& ye>s4 ,b if we ,russians are conv9c$ ( any?+1 x is t we h "t en\gh & to sp>e4 ,to c\nt days1 mu* less h\rs & m9utes--f9d me ! ,russian :o c\ld demean himself to su* a b\rgeois occupation4 ,we look r\nd1 we /ret* ourselves1 we rub our eyes1 we want fir/ ( all to decide :at we %all d1 & h[ we %all d x1 be=e we c beg9 to live 9 e>ne/4 ,we don't *oose to decide anyh[1 nor at second-h&1 f fragm5ts ( o!r p's in=mation4 ,x mu/ be f our own exp]i5ce1 ) our own bra9s1 t we judge4 ,we admit no traditions4 ,9 no lit]ature has !re be5 su* a-det]m9$ /ruggle ) tradition z 9 ours4 ,we h want$ to re-exam9e ev]y?+1 re-/ate ev]y?+4 ,i won't d5y t our c\rage is drawn f our q uncultur$ confid5ce 9 our own p[]s4 ,byel9sky1 a half-bak$ und]graduate1 d]iv+ 8 k ( ,european philosophy at ?ird h&1 began a qu>rel ) ! univ]se ov] ! long-=gott5 victims ( ,philip ,,ii4 & ! ,inquisition4 ,9 t qu>rel is ! s5se & ess5ce ( all creative ,russian lit]ature4 ,do/oevsky1 t[>ds 8 end1 rais$ ! same /orm & ! same "q ov] ! little te> ( an un=tunate *ild4 ,a ,russian believes he c d any?+1 h5ce he is afraid ( no?+4 ,he pa9ts life 9 ! gloomie/ col\rs--& 7 y to ask him3 ,h[ c y accept su* a life8 h[ c y reconcile y\rself ) su* horrors ( reality z h be5 describ$ by all y\r writ]s1 f ,p\%k9 to ,t*ekhov8 he w\ld answ] 9 ! words ( ,dmitri ,k>amazov3 ,i d n accept life4 ,?is answ] seems at fir/ sight absurd4 ,s9ce life is "h1 impossible n to accept x4 ,b !re is a sub-mean+ 9 ! reply1 a l+]+ belief 9 ! possibility ( a f9al triumph ov] evil4 ,9 ! /r5g? ( ?is belief ! ,russian goes =? to meet 8 enemy--he does n hide f him4 ,our sect>ians immolate !mselves4 ,tol/oyans & vot>ies ( ! v>i\s sects t crop up s pl5tifully 9 ,russia g 9 among ! p1 !y g1 ,god kn[s to :at l5g?s1 de/roy+ _! own lives & ! lives ( o!rs4 ,writ]s d n lag beh9d sect>ians4 ,!y1 too1 refuse to be prud5t1 to c\nt ! co/ or ! h\rs4 ,m9utes1 seconds1 "t-beats1 all ?is is s insignificant z to be invisible to ! nak$ eye4 ,we wi% to draw ) a g5]\s h& f fa?omless et]nity1 & all t is limit$ we leave to ,european b\rgeoisie4 ,) few exceptions ,russian writ]s really despise ! pett9ess ( ! ,we/4 ,ev5 ^? :o h admir$ ,europe mo/ h done s because !y fail$ mo/ completely to und]/& h]4 ,!y did n want to und]/& h]4 ,t is :y we h always tak5 ov] ,european ideas 9 su* fanta/ic =ms4 ,take ! sixties = example4 ,) its l\d ideas ( sobriety & mode/ outlook1 x 0 a mo/ drunk5 p]iod4 ,^? :o await$ ! ,new ,messiah & ! ,second ,adv5t read ,d>w9 & dissect$ frogs4 ,x is ! same to-day4 ,we all[ ourselves ! greate/ luxury t man c dream (--s9c]ity1 tru?fulness--z if we 7 spiritual ,croesuses1 z if we _h pl5ty ( ev]y?+1 c\ld af=d to let ev]y?+ be se51 a%am$ ( no?+4 ,b ev5 ,croesuses1 ! greate/ sov]eigns ( ! _w1 did n consid] !y _h ! "r to tell ! tru? at all times4 ,ev5 k+s h to pret5d--?9k ( diplomacy4 ,:]eas1 we ?9k we may speak ! tru?1 & ! tru? only1 t any lie :i* obscures our true sub/ance is a crime2 s9ce our true sub/ance is ! _w's f9e/ treasure1 its f9e/ reality4444 ,tell ?is to a ,european1 & x w seem a joke to him1 ev5 if he c grasp x at all4 ,a ,european uses all 8 p[]s ( intellect & tal5t1 all 8 k & 8 art = ! purpose ( conceal+ 8 real self & all t really affects him3--= t ! natural is ugly & repulsive1 no "o 9 ,europe w dispute = a mom5t4 ,n only ! f9e arts1 b sci5ce & philosophy 9 ,europe tell lies in/9ctively1 by ly+ !y ju/ify _! exi/5ce4 ,fir/ & la/1 a ,european /ud5t pres5ts y ) a f9i%$ !ory4 ,well1 & :at does all ! f9i% & ! complet5ess signify8 ,x m]ely means t none ( our we/]n neighb\rs w end 8 spee* be=e ! la/ reassur+ ^w is said2 he w nev] let nature h ! la/ ^w2 s he r\nds (f 8 syn!sis4 ,) him1 ornam5t & rhetoric is a s9e qua non ( creative utt]ance1 ! only rem$y aga9/ all ills4 ,9 philosophy reigns !odicy1 9 sci5ce1 ! law ( sequ5ce4 ,ev5 ,kant c\ld n avoid declamation1 ev5 ) him ! la/ ^w is moral necessity4 ,?us !re lies be=e u ! *oice betwe5 ! arti/ic & accompli%$ lie ( old1 cultur$ ,europe1 a lie :i* is ! outcome ( a ?\s& ye>s ( h>d & bitt] ef=t1 & ! artless1 s9c]e simplicity ( "y1 uncultur$ ,russia4 ,!y are ne>] ! end1 we are ne>] ! beg9n+4 ,& :i* is ne>] ! tru?8 ,& c !re be a "q ( volunt>y1 free *oice8 ,probably nei!r ! old age ( ,europe nor ! y\? ( ,russia c give u ! tru? we seek4 ,b does su* a ?+ z ultimate tru? exi/8 ,is n ! v conception ( tru?1 ! v assumption ( ! possibility ( tru?1 m]ely an outcome ( our limit$ exp]i5ce1 a fruit ( limitation8 ,we decide a priori t "o ?+ mu/ be possible1 ano!r impossible1 & f our arbitr>y assumptions we proce$ to d$uce ! body ( tru?4 ,ea* "o judges 9 8 own way1 accord+ to 8 p[]s & ! conditions ( 8 exi/5ce4 ,! timid1 sc>$ man worries aft] ord]1 t w give him a day ( peace & quiet1 y\? dreams ( beauty & brilliance1 old age doesn't want to ?9k ( any?+1 hav+ lo/ ! faculty = hope4 ,& s x goes on1 ad inf9itum4 ,& ?is is call$ tru?1 tru?s6 ,e man ?9ks t 8 own exp]i5ce cov]s ! :ole range ( life4 ,&1 !re=e1 ! only m5 :o turn out to be at all 9 ! "r are empirici/s & positivi/s4 ,!re c be no "q ( tru? once we te> ourselves away f ! actual conditions ( life4 ,our confid5t tru?fulness1 l ,european rhetoric1 turns out to be beyond tru? & falsehood4 ,! "y ,ea/ & ! old ,we/ alike suff] f ! re/rictions impos$ by tru?--b ! =m] ignores ! re/rictions1 :il/ ! latt] adapts itself to !m4 ,aft] all1 x comes to pretty mu* ! same 9 ! end4 ,is n clev] rhetoric z delightful z tru?fulness8 ,ea* is equally life4 ,only we f9d un5durable a rhetoric :i* poses z tru?1 & a tru?fulness :i* w\ld appe> cultur$4 ,su* a masqu]ade w\ld try to make u believe t tru?1 :i* is only limit$ness1 has a real objective exi/5ce4 ,:i* is (f5sive4 ,until ! contr>y is prov$1 we ne$ to ?9k t only "o ass]tion has or c h any objective reality3 t no?+ on e>? is impossible4 ,e "t somebody wants to =ce u to admit t !re are o!r1 m limit$ & limit+ tru?s1 we mu/ resi/ ) e means we c lay h&s on4 ,we d n hesitate ev5 to make use ( morality & logic1 bo? ( :i* we h abus$ s (t54 ,b :y n use !m6 ,:5 a man is at 8 la/ res\rces1 he does n c>e :at weapons he picks up4 #df ,nur fr ,s*w9delfreie4--,to be prop]1 ,i ought to f9i% ) a moral4 ,i ought to say to ! read] t 9 spite ( all ,i h said1 or p]haps because ( all ,i h said--= 9 conclusions1 z y are aw>e1 9 spite ( is always int]*angeable ) because (1 p>ticul>ly if ! conclusion be drawn f _m scatt]$ data--well !n1 because ( all ,i h said1 hope is n lo/4 ,e de/ruction leads to con/ruction1 sweet re/ foll[s lab\r1 dawn foll[s ! d>ke/ h\r1 & s on & s on & s on--all ! banalities ) :i* a writ] reconciles 8 read]4 ,b x is nev] too late = reconciliation1 & x is (t5 too e>ly4 ,s :y n po/pone ! moral = a few ye>s--ev5 a few doz5 ye>s1 ,god grant+ u ! l5g? ( life8 ,:y make ! inevitable conclusion at ! end ( e book8 ,i am almo/ c]ta9 t soon] or lat] ,i c promise ! read] all 8 he>t desires4 ,b n yet4 ,he may1 ( c\rse1 disp5se ) my consolations4 ,:at d promises matt]1 anyh[8 especially :5 nei!r read] nor writ] c fulfil !m4 ,b if !re is no escape1 if a writ] is f9ally oblig$ to admit 9 ev]ybody's he>+ t ! secret desires ( poor mank9d may yet be realis$1 let u at lea/ give ! wret*$ writ] a respite1 let him po/pone 8 confession till old age--usque ad inf9itum1444 ,mean:ile our motto ,nur fr ,s*w9delfreie4 ,!re are 9 ! ,alps n>r[1 precipit\s pa?s :]e only m\nta9e]s may g1 :o feel no gidd9ess4 ,giddy-free6 ,only = ! giddy-free1 x says on ! notice-bo>d4 ,he :o is subject to gidd9ess takes a broad1 safe road1 or sits away bel[ & admires ! sn[y summits4 ,is x inevitably necess>y to m\nt up8 ,beyond ! sn[-l9e are no fat pa/ures nor goldfields4 ,!y say t up !re is to be f\nd ! clue to ! et]nal my/]y--b !y say s _m ?+s4 ,we c't believe ev]y?+4 ,he :o is tir$ ( ! valleys1 loves climb+1 & is n afraid to look d[n a precipice1 &1 mo/ ( all1 has no?+ left 9 life b ! metaphysical crav+1 he w c]ta9ly climb to ! summits )\t ask+ :at awaits him !re4 ,he does n fe>1 he longs = gidd9ess4 ,b he w h>dly call p aft] him3 he doesn't want j anybody = a companion4 ,9 su* a case companions are n want$ at all1 mu* less ^? t5d]-foot$ ones :o are us$ to e conv5i5ce1 roads1 /reet lamps1 guide-po/s1 c>eful maps :i* m>k e *ange 9 ! road ahead4 ,!y w n help1 only h9d]4 ,!y w prove sup]flu\s1 heavy balla/1 :i* may n be ?r[n ov]bo>d4 ,fuss ov] !m1 console !m1 promise !m6 ,:o w\ld be bo!r$8 ,is x n bett] to g "o's way alone1 & n only to refra9 f entic+ o!rs to foll[1 b fright5 !m (f z mu* z possible1 exagg]ate e dang] & difficulty8 ,9 ord] t consci5ce may n prick too h>d--we :o love high altitudes love a quiet consci5ce--let u f9d a ju/ification = _! inactivity4 ,let u tell !m !y are ! be/1 ! wor?ie/ ( p1 really ! salt ( ! e>?4 ,let u pay !m e possible m>k ( respect4 ,b s9ce !y are subject to gidd9ess1 !y _h bett] /ay d[n4 ,! upp] ,alp9e ways1 z any guide w tell y1 are nur fr ,s*w9delfreie4