,,bohn',s ,,classical ,,libr>y ,,diog5es ,,la,,rtius ,g4 ,,bell ,,& ,,sons1 ,,ltd4 ,,london3 ,,portugal ,,/41 ,,k+sway ,,cambridge3 ,,deighton1 ,,bell ,,& ,,co4 ,,new ,,york3 ,,! ,,macmillan ,,co4 ,,bombay3 ,a4 ,h4 ,,:eel] ,,& ,,co4 ,,! ,,lives ,,& ,,op9ions ,,( ,,em95t ,,philosoph]s ,,by ,,diog5es ,,la,,rtius4 ,,lit]ally ,,translat$ ,,by ,c4 ,d4 ,,yonge1 ,m4,a41 ,fell[ ( ! ,royal ,univ]sity ( ,london2 ,regius ,pr(essor ( ,engli% ,lit]ature & ,mod]n ,hi/ory1 ,que5's ,college1 ,belfa/4 ,illu/ration ,,london ,g4 ,,bell ,,& ,,sons1 ,,ltd #aiae ,repr9t$ f ,/]eotype plates4 ,,cont5ts4 ,,page4 ,,preface #a ,,book ,i4 ,,introduction #c ,,?ales #ad ,,solon #bc ,,*ilo #cb ,,pittacus #ce ,,bias #ch ,,cleobulus #da ,,p]i&] #dc ,,ana*>sis1 ,,! ,,scy?ian #df ,,myson #di ,,epim5ides #ej ,,ph]ecydes #ec ,,book ,,ii4 ,,anaxim&] #eg ,,anaxim5es #eg ,,ar*elaus #fb ,,socrates #fc ,,x5ophon #ge ,,s*9es #gi ,,ari/ippus #ha ,,ph,,d #if ,,euclides #ig ,,/ilpo #ajj ,,crito #ajc ,,simon #ajd ,,glauco #ajd ,,simias #aje ,,cebes #aje ,,m5$emus #aje ,,book ,,iii4 ,,plato #aac ,,book ,,iv4 ,,speusippus #aeb ,,x5ocrates #aed ,,polemo #aeh ,,crates #afj ,,crantor #afa ,,arcesilaus #afc ,,bion #aga ,,lacydes #agf ,,c>neades #agg ,,clitoma*us #agh ,,book ,v4 ,,ari/otle #aha ,,!ophra/us #aid ,,/rato #bjb ,,lycon #bje ,,demetrius #bji ,,h]aclides #bac ,,book ,,vi4 ,,anti/h5es #bag ,,diog5es #bbd ,,monimus #bdh ,,onesicritus #bdi ,,crates #bdi ,,metrocles #bec ,,hipp>*ia #bed ,,m5ippus #bef ,,m5$emus #beg ,,book ,,vii4 ,,z5o #bei ,,ari/on #cah ,,h]illus #cbj ,,dionysius #cba ,,clean!s #cbb ,,sph,,rus #cbf ,,*rysippus #cbg ,,book ,,viii4 ,,py?agoras #cch ,,emp$ocles #cei ,,epi*>mus #cfh ,,ar*ytas #cfi ,,alcm,,on #cga ,,hippasus #cga ,,philolaus #cgb ,,eudoxus #cgb ,,book ,,ix4 ,,h]aclitus #cgf ,,x5ophanes #chb ,,p>m5ides #chd ,,melissus #chf ,,z5o1 ,,! ,,eleatic #chf ,,leucippus #chh ,,democritus #cij ,,protagoras #cig ,,diog5es1 ,,( ,,apollonia #djj ,,anax>*us #djj ,,pyrrho #djb ,,timon #dbj ,,book ,x4 ,,epicurus #dbd ,,preface4 ,diog5es1 ! au?or ( ! foll[+ "w1 0 a native 7z is g5]ally believ$7 ( ,larte1 9 ,cilicia1 f :i* circum/ance he d]iv$ ! cognom5 ( ,lartius4 ,little is kn[n ( him p]sonally1 nor is ev5 ! age 9 :i* he liv$ v cle>ly asc]ta9$4 ,b z ,plut>*1 ,sextus ,empiricus1 & ,saturn9us are among ! writ]s :om he quotes1 he is g5]ally believ$ to h liv$ ne> ! end ( ! second c5tury ( our era3 al?\gh "s place him 9 ! "t ( ,alex&] ,sev]us1 & o!rs z late z ,con/ant9e4 ,8 "w consi/s ( t5 books1 v>i\sly call$3 ,! ,lives ( ,philosoph]s1 ,a ,hi/ory ( ,philosophy1 & ,! ,lives ( ,sophi/s4 ,f int]nal evid5ce 7iii4 #dg1 #bi71 we le>n t he wrote x = a noble lady 7accord+ to "s1 ,arria2 accord+ to o!rs1 ,julia1 ! ,empress ( ,sev]us71 :o occupi$ h]self ) ! /udy ( philosophy1 & especially ( ,plato4 ,diog5es ,lartius divides ! philosophy ( ! ,greeks into ! ,ionic1 beg9n+ ) ,anaxim&]1 & end+ ) ,!ophra/us 79 :i* class1 he includes ! ,socratic philosophy & all its v>i\s ramifications72 & ! ,italian1 beg9n+ ) ,py?agoras1 & end+ ) ,epicurus1 9 :i* he includes ! ,eleatics1 z also ,h]aclitus & ! ,sceptics4 ,f ! m9ute consid]ation :i* he devotes to ,epicurus & 8 sy/em1 x has be5 suppos$ t he himself belong$ to t s*ool4 ,8 "w is ! *ief s\rce ( in=mation we possess conc]n+ ! hi/ory ( ,greek philosophy1 & is ! f\ndation ( ne>ly all ! mod]n treatises on t subject2 "s ( ! mo/ important ( :i* are little m ?an translations or amplifications ( x4 ,x is valuable1 z conta9+ a copi\s collection ( anecdotes illu/rative ( ! life & mann]s ( ! ,greeks2 b he has n always be5 v c>eful 9 8 selection1 & 9 "s p>ts !re is a confusion 9 8 /atem5ts t makes !m sc>cely intelligible4 ,^! faults h l$ "s critics to consid] ! "w z x n[ exi/s m]ely a mutilat$ abridgm5t ( ! orig9al4 ,breslu1 :o 9 ! ?irte5? c5tury1 wrote a ,treatise on ! ,lives & ,mann]s ( ! ,philosoph]s1 quotes _m anecdotes & say+s1 :i* seem to be d]iv$ f ,diog5es1 b :i* are n to be f\nd 9 our pres5t text2 :5ce ,s*neid] concludes t he _h a v diff]5t & f> m complete copy ?an has come d[n to u4 ,! text us$ 9 ! foll[+ translation is *iefly t ( ,huebn]1 z publi%$ at ,leipsic1 ,a4,d4 #ahbh4 ,,lives ,,& ,,op9ions ,,( ,,em95t ,,philosoph]s4 ,,book ,i4 ,,introduction4 ,i4 ,"s say t ! /udy ( philosophy orig9at$ ) ! b>b>ians4 ,9 t among ! ,p]sians !re exi/$ ! ,magi1#a & among ! ,babylonians or ,assyrians ! ,*aldi1#b among ! ,indians ! ,gymnosophi/1#c & among ! ,celts & ,gauls m5 :o 7 call$ ,druids#d & ,semno!i1 z ,ari/otle relates 9 8 book on ,magic1 & ,sotion 9 ! tw5ty-?ird book ( 8 ,succession ( ,philosoph]s4 ,besides ^? m5 !re 7 ! ,phnician ,o*us1 ! ,?racian ,zamolxis1#e & ! ,libyan ,atlas4 ,= ! ,egyptians say t ,vulcan 0 ! son ( ,nilus1 & t he 0 ! au?or ( philosophy1 9 :i* ^? :o 7 especially em95t 7 call$ 8 prie/s & prophets4 ,,ii4 ,f 8 age to t ( ,alex&]1 k+ ( ! ,mac$onians 7 =ty-eight ?\s& eight hundr$ & sixty-?ree ye>s1 & dur+ ?is "t !re 7 ?ree hundr$ & sev5ty-?ree eclipses ( ! sun1 & eight hundr$ & ?irty-two eclipses ( ! moon4 ,aga91 f ! "t ( ! ,magi1 ! fir/ ( :om 0 ,zoroa/] ! ,p]sian1 to t ( ! fall ( ,troy1 ,h]modorus ! ,platonic philosoph]1 9 8 treatise on ,ma!matics1 calculates t fifte5 ?\s& ye>s elaps$4 ,b ,xan?us ! ,lydian says t ! passage ( ! ,hellespont by ,x]xes took place six ?\s& ye>s aft] ! "t ( ,zoroa/]1#f & t aft] him !re 0 a regul> succession ( ,magi "u ! names ( ,o/anes & ,a/rampsy*os & ,gobryas & ,pazatas1 until ! de/ruction ( ! ,p]sian empire by ,alex&]4 ,,iii4 ,b ^? :o say ?is1 ignorantly impute to ! b>b>ians ! m]its ( ! ,greeks1 f :om n only all philosophy1 b ev5 ! :ole human race 9 reality orig9at$4 ,= ,musu 0 born among ! ,a!nians1 & ,l9us among ! ,!bans2 & !y say t ! =m]1 :o 0 ! son ( ,eumolpus1 0 ! fir/ p]son :o taught ! sy/em ( ! g5ealogy ( ! gods1 & :o inv5t$ ! sph]es2 & t he taught t all ?+s orig9at$ 9 "o ?+1 & :5 dissolv$ return$ to t same ?+2 & t he di$ at ,phal]um1 & t ?is epitaph 0 inscrib$ on 8 tomb3-- ,phal]um's soil b5ea? ?is tomb conta9s ,musu dead1 ,eumolpus' d>l+ son4 ,& x is f ! fa!r ( ,musu t ! family call$ ,eumolpid among ! ,a!nians d]ive _! "n4 ,!y say too t ,l9us 0 ! son ( ,m]cury & ! ,muse ,urania2 & t he inv5t$ a sy/em ( ,cosmogony1 & ( ! motions ( ! sun & moon1 & ( ! g5]ation ( animals & fruits2 & ! foll[+ is ! beg9n+ ( 8 poem1 ,!re 0 a "t :5 all ! pres5t _w ,uprose at once4 ,f :i* ,anaxagoras d]iv$ 8 !ory1 :5 he said t all ?+s _h be5 produc$ at ! same "t1 & t !n intellect _h come & arrang$ !m all 9 ord]4 ,!y say1 moreov]1 t ,l9us di$ 9 ,euba1 hav+ be5 %ot ) an arr[ by ,apollo1 & t ?is epitaph 0 set ov] him3-- ,! ,!ban ,l9us sleeps b5ea? ?is gr\nd1 ,urania's son ) faire/ g>l&s cr[n'd4 ,,iv4 ,& ?us did philosophy arise among ! ,greeks1 & inde$ its v "n %[s t x has no connection ) ! b>b>ians4 ,b ^? :o attribute its orig9 to !m1 introduce ,orpheus ! ,?racian1 & say t he 0 a philosoph]1 & ! mo/ anci5t "o ( all4 ,b if "o ought to call a man :o has said su* ?+s ab\t ! gods z he has said1 a philosoph]1 ,i d n "k :at "n "o ought to give to him :o has n scrupl$ to attribute all sorts ( human feel+s to ! gods1 & ev5 su* discr$itable actions z are b r>ely spok5 ( among m52 & tradition relates t he 0 murd]$ by wom52#g b !re is an inscription at ,dium 9 ,mac$onia1 say+ t he 0 kill$ by lightn+1 & x runs ?us3-- ,"h ! b>d buri$ by ! ,muses lies1 ,! ,?racian ,orpheus ( ! gold5 lyre2 ,:om mighty ,jove1 ! ,sov]eign ( ! skies1 ,remov$ f e>? by 8 dread lightn'ng's fire4 ,v4 ,b !y :o say t philosophy _h its rise among ! b>b>ians1 give also an acc\nt ( ! diff]5t sy/ems prevail+ among ! v>i\s tribes4 ,& !y say t ! ,gymnosophi/s & ! ,druids philosophize1 deliv]+ _! apoph!gms 9 enigmatical language1 bidd+ m5 wor%ip ! gods & d no evil1 & practise manly virtue4 ,,vi4 ,accord+ly ,clit>*us1 9 8 twelf? book1 says t ! ,gymnosophi/s despise dea?1 & t ! ,*aldans /udy a/ronomy & ! sci5ce ( soo?say+--t ! ,magi occupy !mselves ab\t ! s]vice to be paid to ! gods1 & ab\t sacrifices & pray]s1 z if !y 7 ! only p to :om ! deities li/53 & t !y deliv] acc\nts ( ! exi/5ce & g5]ation ( ! gods1 say+ t !y are fire1 & e>?1 & wat]2 & !y condemn ! use ( images1 & above all ?+s d !y condemn ^? :o say t ! gods are male & female2 !y speak mu* ( ju/ice1 & ?9k x impi\s to de/roy ! bodies ( ! dead by fire2 !y all[ m5 to m>ry _! mo!rs or _! daught]s1 z ,sotion tells u 9 8 tw5ty-?ird book2 !y /udy ! arts ( soo?say+ & div9ation1 & ass]t t ! gods reveal _! w to !m by ^? sci5ces4 ,!y tea* also t ! air is full ( phantoms1 :i*1 by emanation & a sort ( evaporation1 glide into ! sight ( ^? :o h a cle> p]ception2 !y =bid any extravagance ( ornam5t1 & ! use ( gold2 _! g>m5ts are :ite1 _! b$s are made ( leaves1 & vegetables are _! food1 ) *eese & co>se bread2 !y use a ru% = a /aff1 ! top ( :i* !y run into ! *eese1 & s tak+ up a piece ( x !y eat x4 ,( all k9ds ( magical div9ation !y are ignorant1 z ,ari/otle ass]ts 9 8 book on ,magic1 & ,d9on 9 ! fif? book ( 8 ,hi/ories4 ,& ?is writ] says1 t ! "n ( ,zoroa/] be+ int]pret$ means1 a sacrifice to ! />s2 & ,h]modorus makes ! same /atem5t4 ,b ,ari/otle1 9 ! fir/ book ( 8 ,treatise on ,philosophy1 says1 t ! ,magi are m anci5t ?an ! ,egyptians2 & t accord+ to !m !re are two pr9ciples1 a good demon & an evil demon1 & t ! "n ( ! "o is ,jupit] or ,oromasdes1 & t ( ! o!r ,pluto or ,arimanius4 ,& ,h]mippus gives ! same acc\nt 9 ! fir/ book ( 8 ,hi/ory ( ! ,magi2 & s does ,eudoxus 9 8 ,p]iod2 & s does ,!opompus 9 ! eigh? book ( 8 ,hi/ory ( ! ,affairs ( ,philip2 & ?is la/ writ] tells u also1 t accord+ to ! ,magi m5 w h a resurrection & be immortal1 & t :at exi/s n[ w exi/ h]eaft] "u its own pres5t "n2 & ,eudemus ( ,rhodes co9cides 9 ?is /atem5t4 ,b ,hecatu says1 t accord+ to _! doctr9es ! gods also are be+s :o h be5 born4 ,b ,cle>*us ! ,sol5sian1 9 8 ,treatise on ,education says1 t ! ,gymnosophi/s are desc5dants ( ! ,magi2 & "s say t ! ,jews also are d]iv$ f !m4 ,moreov]1 ^? :o h writt5 on ! subject ( ! ,magi condemn ,h]odotus2 = !y say t ,x]xes w\ld nev] h %ot arr[s aga9/ ! sun1 or h put fett]s on ! sea1 z bo? sun & sea h be5 h&$ d[n by ! ,magi z gods1 b t x 0 q consi/5t = ,x]xes to de/roy ! images ( ! gods4 ,,vii4 ,! foll[+ is ! acc\nt t au?ors give ( ! philosophy ( ! ,egyptians1 z be>+ on ! gods & on ju/ice4 ,!y say t ! fir/ pr9ciple is matt]2 !n t ! f\r elem5ts 7 =m$ out ( matt] & divid$1 & t "s animals 7 creat$1 & t ! sun & moon are gods1 ( :om ! =m] is call$ ,osiris & ! latt] ,isis1 & !y are symbolis$ "u ! names ( beetles & dragons1 & hawks1 & o!r animals1 z ,mane?o tells u 9 8 abridg$ acc\nt ( ,natural ,philosophy1 & ,hecatu confirms ! /atem5t 9 ! fir/ book ( 8 ,hi/ory ( ! ,philosophy ( ! ,egyptians4 ,!y also make images ( ! gods1 & assign !m temples because !y d n "k ! =m ( ,god4 ,!y consid] t ! _w _h a beg9n+ & w h an end1 & t x is a sph]e2 !y ?9k t ! />s are fire1 & t x is by a comb9ation ( !m t ! ?+s on e>? are g5]at$2 t ! moon is eclips$ :5 x falls into ! %ad[ ( ! e>?2 t ! s\l is et]nal & migratory2 t ra9 is caus$ by ! *anges ( ! atmosph]e2 & !y ent] into o!r speculations on po9ts ( natural hi/ory1 z ,hecatu & ,ari/agoras in=m u4 ,!y also h made laws ab\t ju/ice1 :i* !y attribute to ,m]cury1 & !y consid] ^? animals :i* are useful to be gods4 ,!y claim to !mselves ! m]it ( hav+ be5 ! inv5tors ( geometry1 & a/rology1 & ari?metic4 ,s mu* !n = ! subject ( inv5tion4 ,,viii4 ,b ,py?agoras 0 ! fir/ p]son :o inv5t$ ! t]m ,philosophy1 & :o call$ himself a philosoph]2 :5 he 0 conv]s+ at ,sicyon ) ,leon1 :o 0 tyrant ( ! ,sicyonians or ( ! ,phliasians 7z ,h]aclides ,ponticus relates 9 ! book :i* he wrote ab\t a dead woman72 = he said t no man ought to be call$ wise1 b only ,god4 ,= =m]ly :at is n[ call$ philosophy 77 0 call$ wisdom 771 & !y :o pr(ess$ x 7 call$ wise m5 771 z be+ end[$ ) great acut5ess & accuracy ( m9d2 b n[ he :o embraces wisdom is call$ a philosoph] 774 ,b ! wise m5 7 also call$ ,sophi/s4 ,& n only !y1 b poets also 7 call$ ,sophi/s3 z ,crat9us 9 8 ,ar*ilo*i calls ,hom] & ,hesiod1 :ile prais+ !m highly4 ,,ix4 ,n[ ^! 7 !y :o 7 acc\nt$ wise m54 ,?ales1 ,solon1 ,p]i&]1 ,cleobulus1 ,*ilo1 ,bias1 ,pittacus4 ,to ^! m5 add ,ana*>sis ! ,scy?ian1 ,myson ! ,*5ean1 ,ph]ecydes ! ,syrian1 & ,epim5ides ! ,cretan2 & "s add1 ,pisi/ratus1 ! tyrant3 ,^! !n are !y :o 7 call$ ! wise m54 ,x4 ,b ( ,philosophy !re arose two s*ools4 ,"o d]iv$ f ,anaxim&]1 ! o!r f ,py?agoras4 ,n[1 ,?ales _h be5 ! preceptor ( ,anaxim&]1 & ,ph]ecydes ( ,py?agoras4 ,& ! "o s*ool 0 call$ ! ,ionian1 because ,?ales1 be+ an ,ionian 7= he 0 a native ( ,miletus71 _h be5 ! tutor ( ,anaxim&]2--b ! o!r 0 call$ ! ,italian f ,py?agoras1 because he sp5t ! *ief "p ( 8 life 9 ,italy4 ,& ! ,ionic s*ool ends ) ,clitoma*us1 & ,*rysippus1 & ,!ophra/us2 & ! ,italian "o ) ,epicurus2 = ,anaxim&] succe$$ ,?ales1 & he 0 succe$$ aga9 by ,anaxim5es1 & he by ,anaxagoras1 & he by ,ar*elaus1 :o 0 ! ma/] ( ,socrates1 :o 0 ! orig9ator ( moral philosophy4 ,& he 0 ! ma/] ( ! sect ( ! ,socratic philosoph]s1 & ( ,plato1 :o 0 ! f\nd] ( ! old ,academy2 & ,plato's pupils 7 ,speusippus & ,x5ocrates2 & ,polemo 0 ! pupil ( ,x5ocrates1 & ,crantor & ,crates ( ,polemo4 ,crates aga9 0 ! ma/] ( ,arcesilaus1 ! f\nd] ( ! ,middle ,academy1 & 8 pupil 0 ,lacydes1 :o gave ! new ,academy its di/9ctive pr9ciples4 ,8 pupil 0 ,c>neades1 & he 9 8 turn 0 ! ma/] ( ,clitoma*us4 ,& ?is s*ool ends 9 ?is way ) ,clitoma*us & ,*rysippus4 ,anti/h5es 0 ! pupil ( ,socrates1 & ! ma/] ( ,diog5es ! ,cynic2 & ! pupil ( ,diog5es 0 ,crates ! ,!ban2 ,z5o ! ,cittian 0 82 ,clean!s 0 82 ,*rysippus 0 84 ,aga9 x ends ) ,!ophra/us 9 ! foll[+ mann]3-- ,ari/otle 0 ! pupil ( ,plato1 ,!ophra/us ! pupil ( ,ari/otle2 & 9 ?is way ! ,ionian s*ool comes to an end4 ,n[ ! ,italian s*ool 0 c>ri$ on 9 ?is way4 ,py?agoras 0 ! pupil ( ,ph]ecydes2 8 pupil 0 ,telauges 8 son2 he 0 ! ma/] ( ,x5ophanes1 & he ( ,p>m5ides2 ,p>m5ides ( ,z5o ! ,eleatic1 he ( ,leucippus1 he ( ,democritus3 ,democritus _h _m disciples1 ! mo/ em95t ( :om 7 ,nausiphanes & ,nausicydes1 & !y 7 ! ma/]s ( ,epicurus4 ,,xi4 ,n[1 ( ,philosoph]s "s 7 dogmatic1 & o!rs 7 incl9$ to susp5d _! op9ions4 ,by dogmatic1 ,i mean ^? :o expla9 _! op9ions ab\t matt]s1 z if !y c\ld be compreh5d$4 ,by ^? :o susp5d _! op9ions1 ,i mean ^? :o give no positive judgm5t1 ?9k+ t ^! ?+s _c be compreh5d$4 ,& ! =m] class h left _m memorials ( !mselves2 b ! o!rs h nev] writt5 a l9e2 z = in/ance1 accord+ to "s p1 ,socrates1 & ,/ilpo1 & ,philippus1 & ,m5$emus1 & ,pyrrho1 & ,!odorus1 & ,c>neades1 & ,bryson2 &1 z "s p say1 ,py?agoras1 & ,ari/o ( ,*ios1 except t he wrote a few lett]s4 ,!re are "s m5 too :o h writt5 "o "w only1 ,melissus1 ,p>m5ides1 & ,anaxagoras2 b ,z5o wrote _m works1 ,x5ophanes /ill m2 ,democritus m1 ,ari/otle m1 ,epicurus m1 & ,*rysippus m4 ,,xii4 ,aga91 ( philosoph]s "s d]iv$ a surname f cities1 z1 ! ,elians1 & ,meg>ic sect1 ! ,eretrians1 & ! ,cyr5aics4 ,"s f ! places :i* !y frequ5t$1 z ! ,academics & ,/oics4 ,"s f accid5tal circum/ances1 z ! ,p]ipatetics2 or1 f je/s1 z ! ,cynics4 ,"s aga9 f _! dispositions1 z ! ,eudmonics2 "s f an op9ion1 z ! ,el5ctic1 & ,analogical s*ools4 ,"s f _! ma/]s1 z ! ,socratic & ,epicurean philosoph]s2 & s on4 ,! ,natural ,philosoph]s 7 s call$ f _! /udy ( nature2 ! ,e?ical philosoph]s f _! inve/igation ( que/ions ( morals 7 74 ,! ,dialecticians are !y :o devote !mselves to quibbl+ on words4 ,,xiii4 ,n[ !re are ?ree divisions ( philosophy4 ,natural1 ,e?ical1 & ,dialectic4 ,natural philosophy occupies itself ab\t ! _w & ! ?+s 9 x2 ,e?ical philosophy ab\t life1 & ! ?+s :i* conc]n u2 ,dialectics are conv]sant ) ! argum5ts by :i* bo? ! o!rs are support$4 ,natural philosophy prevail$ till ! "t ( ,ar*elaus2 b aft] ! "t ( ,socrates1 ,e?ical philosophy 0 pr$om9ant2 & aft] ! "t ( ,z5o ! ,eleatic1 ,dialectic philosophy got ! upp] h&4 ,e?ical philosophy 0 subdivid$ into t5 sects2 ! ,academic1 ! ,cyr5aic1 ! ,elian1 ! ,meg>ic1 ! ,cynic1 ! ,eretrian1 ! ,dialectic1 ! ,p]ipatetic1 ! ,/oic1 & ! ,epicurean4 ,( ! old ,academic s*ool ,plato 0 ! presid5t2 ( ! middle1 ,arcesilaus2 & ( ! ,new1 ,lacydes3--! ,cyr5aic s*ool 0 f\nd$ by ,ari/ippus ! ,cyr5ian2 ! ,elian1 by ,phd1 ( ,elis2 ! ,meg>ic1 by ,euclid1 ( ,meg>a2 ! ,cynic1 by ,anti/h5es1 ! ,a!nian2 ! ,eretrian1 by ,m5$emus1 ( ,eretria2 ! ,dialectic by ,clitoma*us1 ! ,c>?ag9ian2 ! ,p]ipatetic1 by ,ari/otle1 ! ,/agirite2 ! ,/oic1 by ,z5o1 ! ,cittian2 ! ,epicurean s*ool d]ives its "n f ,epicurus1 its f\nd]4 ,b ,hippobotus1 9 8 ,treatise on ,sects1 says t !re are n9e sects & s*ools3 fir/1 ! ,meg>ic2 secondly1 ! ,eretrian2 ?irdly1 ! ,cyr5aic2 f\r?ly1 ! ,epicurean2 fif?ly1 ! ,annic]ean2 six?ly1 ! ,!odorean2 sev5?ly1 ! sect ( ,z5o & ! ,/oics2 eigh?ly1 t ( ! ,old ,academy2 & n9?ly1 ! ,p]ipatetic2--n c\nt+ ei!r ! ,cynic1 or ! ,eliac1 or ! ,dialectic s*ool4 ,t also :i* is call$ ! ,pyrrhonean is repudiat$ by _m writ]s1 on acc\nt ( ! obscurity ( its pr9ciples4 ,b o!rs consid] t 9 "s p>ticul>s x is a di/9ct sect1 & 9 o!rs n4 ,= x does appe> to be a sect--= :at we call a sect1 say !y1 is "o :i* foll[s1 or appe>s to foll[1 a pr9ciple :i* appe>s to x to be ! true "o2 on :i* pr9ciple we correctly call ! ,sceptics a sect4 ,b if by ! "n sect we und]/& ^? :o incl9e to rules :i* are consi/5t ) ! pr9ciples :i* !y pr(ess1 !n ! ,pyrrhonean _c be call$ a sect1 = !y h no rules or pr9ciples4 ,^!1 !n1 are ! beg9n+s1 ^! are ! successive ma/]s1 ^! are ! divisions1 & s*ools ( philosophy4 ,,xiv4 ,moreov]1 x is n long ago1 t a new ,eclectic s*ool 0 set up by ,potamo1 ( ,alex&ria1 :o pick$ out ( ! doctr9es ( ea* s*ool :at pleas$ him mo/4 ,& z he himself says1 9 8 ,elem5t>y ,in/ruction1 he ?9ks t !re are c]ta9 crit]ia ( tru?3 fir/ ( all ! faculty :i* judges1 & ?is is ! sup]ior "o2 ! o!r t :i* is ! f\ndation ( ! judgm5t1 be+ a mo/ exact appe>ance ( ! objects4 ,& ! fir/ pr9ciples ( ev]y?+ he calls matt]1 & ! ag5t1 & ! quality1 & ! place4 ,= !y %[ out ( :at1 & by :at1 & h[1 & :]e any?+ is done4 ,! end is t to :i* ev]y?+ is ref]r$2 namely1 a life made p]fect ) e virtue1 n )\t ! natural & ext]nal qualities ( ! body4 ,b we mu/ n[ speak ( ! m5 !mselves2 & fir/ ( all ab\t ,?ales4 ,,life ,,( ,,?ales4 ,i4 ,?ales1 !n1 z ,h]odotus & ,duris & ,democritus say1 0 ! son ( ,euxamius & ,cleobule2 ( ! family ( ! ,!lid1 :o are ,phnicians by desc5t1 among ! mo/ noble ( all ! desc5dants ( ,cadmus & ,ag5or1 z ,plato te/ifies4 ,& he 0 ! fir/ man to :om ! "n ( ,wise 0 giv51 :5 ,damasius 0 ,ar*on at ,a!ns1 9 ^: "t also ! sev5 wise m5 _h t title giv5 to !m1 z ,demetrius ,phal]eus records 9 8 ,catalogue ( ! ,ar*ons4 ,he 0 enroll$ z a citiz5 at ,miletus :5 he came ?i!r ) ,neleus1 :o _h be5 bani%$ f ,phnicia2 b a m common /atem5t is t he 0 a native ,milesian1 ( noble extraction4 ,,ii4 ,aft] hav+ be5 imm]s$ 9 /ate affairs he appli$ himself to speculations 9 natural philosophy2 ?\gh1 z "s p /ate1 he left no writ+s beh9d him4 ,= ! book on ,naval ,a/ronomy1 :i* is attribut$ to him is said 9 reality to be ! "w ( ,phocus ! ,samian4 ,b ,callima*us 0 aw>e t he 0 ! discov]] ( ! ,less] ,be>2 = 9 8 ,iambics he speaks ( him ?us3 ,&1 he1 'tis said1 did fir/ compute ! />s ,:i* beam 9 ,*>les's wa91 & guide ! b>k ,( ! ,phnician sailor o'er ! sea4 ,accord+ to o!rs he wrote two books1 & no m1 ab\t ! sol/ice & ! equ9ox2 ?9k+ t ev]y?+ else 0 easily to be compreh5d$4 ,accord+ to o!r /atem5ts1 he is said to h be5 ! fir/ :o /udi$ a/ronomy1 & :o =etold ! eclipses & motions ( ! sun1 z ,eudemus relates 9 8 hi/ory ( ! discov]ies made 9 a/ronomy2 on :i* acc\nt ,x5ophanes & ,h]odotus praise him greatly2 & ,h]aclitus & ,democritus confirm ?is /atem5t4 ,,iii4 ,"s aga9 7"o ( :om is ,*rilus ! poet7 say t he 0 ! fir/ p]son :o affirm$ t ! s\ls ( m5 7 immortal2 & he 0 ! fir/ p]son1 too1 :o discov]$ ! pa? ( ! sun f "o end ( ! ecliptic to ! o!r3 & :o1 z "o acc\nt tells u1 def9$ ! magnitude ( ! sun z be+ sev5 hundr$ & tw5ty times z great z t ( ! moon4 ,he 0 also ! fir/ p]son :o call$ ! la/ day ( ! mon? ! ?irtie?4 ,& likewise ! fir/ to conv]se ab\t natural philosophy1 z "s say4 ,b ,ari/otle & ,hippias say t he attribut$ s\ls also to lifeless ?+s1 =m+ 8 conjecture f ! nature ( ! magnet1 & ( amb]4 ,& ,pamphile relates t he1 hav+ le>nt geometry f ! ,egyptians1 0 ! fir/ p]son to describe a "r-angl$ triangle 9 a circle1 & t he sacrific$ an ox 9 hon\r ( 8 discov]y4 ,b o!rs1 among :om is ,apollodorus ! calculator1 say t x 0 ,py?agoras :o made ?is discov]y4 ,x 0 ,?ales also :o c>ri$ to _! greate/ po9t ( advancem5t ! discov]ies :i* ,callima*us 9 8 iambics says 7 fir/ made by ,euphebus ! ,phrygian1 su* z ^? ( ! scal5e angle1 & ( ! triangle1 & ( o!r ?+s :i* relate to inve/igations ab\t l9es4 ,he seems also to h be5 a man ( ! greate/ wisdom 9 political matt]s4 ,= :5 ,crsus s5t to ! ,milesians to invite !m to an alliance1 he prev5t$ !m f agree+ to x1 :i* /ep ( 81 z ,cyrus got ! victory1 prov$ ! salvation ( ! city4 ,b ,clytus relates1 z ,h]aclides assures u1 t he 0 atta*$ to a solit>y & recluse life4 ,,iv4 ,"s ass]t t he 0 m>ri$1 & t he _h a son nam$ ,cibissus2 o!rs1 on ! contr>y1 say t he nev] _h a wife1 b t he adopt$ ! son ( 8 si/]2 & t once be+ ask$ :y he did n himself become a fa!r1 he answ]$1 t x 0 because he 0 fond ( *ildr54 ,!y say1 too1 t :5 8 "m exhort$ him to m>ry1 he said1 8,no1 by ,jove1 x is n yet "t40 ,& aft]w>ds1 :5 he 0 pa/ 8 y\?1 & %e 0 aga9 press+ him e>ne/ly1 he said1 8,x is no long] "t40 ,v4 ,hi]onymus1 ( ,rhodes1 also tells u1 9 ! second book ( 8 ,miscellane\s ,memor&a1 t :5 he 0 desir\s to %[ t x 0 easy to get ri*1 he1 =esee+ t !re w\ld be a great crop ( olives1 took "s l>ge plantations ( olive trees1 & s made a great deal ( money4 ,,vi4 ,he ass]t$ wat] to be ! pr9ciple ( all ?+s1 & t ! _w _h life1 & 0 full ( dmons3 !y say1 too1 t he 0 ! orig9al def9] ( ! seasons ( ! ye>1 & t x 0 he :o divid$ ! ye> into ?ree hundr$ & sixty-five days4 ,& he nev] _h any tea*] except dur+ ! "t t he w5t to ,egypt1 & associat$ ) ! prie/s4 ,hi]onymus also says t he measur$ ! ,pyramids3 wat*+ _! %ad[1 & calculat+ :5 !y 7 ( ! same size z t 04 ,he liv$ ) ,?rasybulus ! tyrant ( ,miletus1 z we are in=m$ by ,m9yas4 ,,vii4 ,n[ x is kn[n to e "o :at happ5$ ) respect to ! tripod t 0 f\nd by ! fi%]m5 & s5t to ! wise m5 by ! p ( ! ,milesians4 ,= !y say t "s ,ionian y\?s b\ght a ca/ ( _! net f "s ,milesian fi%]m54 ,& :5 ! tripod 0 drawn up 9 ! net !re 0 a dispute ab\t x2 until ! ,milesians s5t to ,delphi3 & ! ,god gave !m ! foll[+ answ]3-- ,y ask ab\t ! tripod1 to :om y %all pres5t x2 ',tis = ! wise/1 ,i reply1 t =tune surely meant x4 ,accord+ly !y gave x to ,?ales1 & he gave x to "s "o1 :o aga9 h&$ x ov] to ano!r1 till x came to ,solon4 ,b he said t x 0 ! ,god himself :o 0 ! fir/ 9 wisdom2 & s he s5t x to ,delphi4 ,b ,callima*us gives a diff]5t acc\nt ( ?is 9 8 ,iambics1 tak+ ! tradition :i* he m5tions f ,le&] ! ,milesian2 = he says t a c]ta9 ,arcadian ( ! "n ( ,ba?ycles1 :5 dy+1 left a goblet beh9d him ) an injunction t x %\ld be giv5 to ! fir/ ( ! wise m54 ,& x 0 giv5 to ,?ales1 & w5t ! :ole circle till x came back to ,?ales1 on :i* he s5t x to ,apollo ,didymu1 add+ 7accord+ to ,callima*us17 ! foll[+ di/i*3-- ,?ales1 :o's twice receiv$ me z a prize1 ,gives me to him :o rules ! race ( ,neleus4 ,& ! prose inscription runs ?us3-- ,?ales ! son ( ,examius1 a ,milesian1 (f]s ?is to ,apollo ,didymu1 hav+ twice receiv$ x f ! ,greeks z ! rew>d = virtue4 ,& ! "n ( ! son ( ,ba?ycles :o c>ri$ ! goblet ab\t f "o to ! o!r1 0 ,?yrion1 z ,eleusis tells u 9 8 ,hi/ory ( ,a*illes4 ,& ,alex&] ! ,myndian agrees ) him 9 ! n9? book ( 8 ,traditions4 ,b ,eudoxus ( ,cnidos1 & ,evan!s ( ,miletus1 say t "o ( ! fri5ds ( ,crsus receiv$ f ! k+ a gold5 goblet1 = ! purpose ( giv+ x to ! wise/ ( ! ,greeks2 & t he gave x to ,?ales1 & t x came r\nd to ,*ilo1 & t he inquir$ ( ! ,god at ,delphi :o 0 wis] ?an himself2 & t ! ,god repli$1 ,myson1 :om we %all m5tion h]eaft]4 7,he is ! man :om ,eudoxus places among ! sev5 wise m5 in/ead ( ,cleobulus2 b ,plato ins]ts 8 "n in/ead ( ,p]i&]47 ,! ,god accord+ly made ?is reply conc]n+ him3-- ,i say t ,myson1 ! tan sage1 ,! citiz5 ( ,*51 is wis] f> ,9 8 deep m9d ?an y4 ,! p]son :o w5t to ! temple to ask ! "q 0 ,ana*>sis2 b aga9 ,ddacus1 ! ,platonic philosoph]1 & ,cle>*us1 /ate t ! goblet 0 s5t by ,crsus to ,pittacus1 & s 0 c>ri$ r\nd to ! diff]5t m54 ,b ,&ron1 9 8 book call$ ,! ,tripod1 says t ! ,argives (f]$ ! tripod z a prize = excell5ce to ! wise/ ( ! ,greeks2 & t ,ari/odemus1 a ,sp>tan1 0 judg$ to des]ve x1 b t he yield$ ! palm to ,*ilo2 & ,alcu m5tions ,ari/odemus 9 ^! l9es3-- ,& s !y say ,ari/odemus once ,utt]$ a tru?ful spee* 9 noble ,sp>ta3 ',tis money makes ! man2 & he :o's none1 ,is c\nt$ nei!r good nor hon\rable4 ,b "s say t a vessel fully load$ 0 s5t by ,p]i&] to ,?rasybulus ! tyrant ( ! ,milesians2 & t z ! %ip 0 wreck$ 9 ! sea1 ne> ! isl& ( ,cos1 ?is tripod 0 aft]w>ds f\nd by "s fi%]m54 ,phanodicus says t x 0 f\nd 9 ! sea ne> ,a!ns1 & s br\ght into ! city2 & !n1 aft] an assembly _h be5 held to decide on ! disposal1 x 0 s5t to ,bias--& ! reason :y we w m5tion 9 our acc\nt ( ,bias4 ,o!rs say t ?is goblet _h be5 made by ,vulcan1 & pres5t$ by ! ,gods to ,pelops1 on 8 m>riage2 & t subsequ5tly x came into ! possession ( ,m5elaus1 & 0 tak5 away by ,p>is :5 he c>ri$ (f ,hel51 & 0 ?r[n into ! sea ne> ,cos by h]1 z %e said t x w\ld become a cause ( battle4 ,& aft] "s "t1 "s ( ! citiz5s ( ,leb$os hav+ b\ght a net1 ?is tripod 0 br\ght up 9 x2 & z !y qu>rell$ ) ! fi%]m5 ab\t x1 !y w5t to ,cos2 & n be+ able to get ! matt] settl$ !re1 !y laid x be=e ! ,milesians1 z ,miletus 0 _! metropolis2 & !y s5t ambassadors1 :o 7 treat$ ) neglect1 on :i* acc\nt !y made w> on ! ,coans2 & aft] ea* side _h met ) _m revolutions ( =tune1 an oracle direct$ t ! tripod %\ld be giv5 to ! wise/2 & !n bo? p>ties agre$ t x belong$ to ,?ales3 & he1 aft] x _h gone ! circuit ( all ! wise m51 pres5t$ x to ! ,didyman ,apollo4 ,n[1 ! assignation ( ! oracle 0 giv5 to ! ,coans 9 ! foll[+ words3-- ,! w> betwe5 ! brave ,ionian race ,& ! pr\d ,m]opes w nev] cease1 ,till ! ri* gold5 tripod :i* ! ,god1 ,its mak]1 ca/ b5ea? ! br9y waves1 ,is f y\r city s5t1 & ju/ly giv5 ,to t wise be+ :o kn[s all pres5t ?+s1 ,& all t's pa/1 & all t is to come4 ,& ! reply giv5 to ! ,milesians 0-- ,y ask ab\t ! tripod3 & s on1 z ,i h relat$ x be=e4 ,& n[ we h said en\gh on ?is subject4 ,b ,h]mippus1 9 8 ,lives1 ref]s to ,?ales :at has be5 by "s p report$ ( ,socrates2 = he recites t he us$ to say t he ?ank$ =tune = ?ree ?+s3--fir/ ( all1 t he _h be5 born a man & n a bea/2 secondly1 t he 0 a man & n a woman2 & ?irdly1 t he 0 a ,greek & n a b>b>ian4 ,,viii4 ,x is said t once he 0 l$ out ( 8 h\se by an old woman = ! purpose ( obs]v+ ! />s1 & he fell into a dit* & bewail$ himself1 on :i* ! old woman said to him--8,d y1 ,o ,?ales1 :o _c see :at is "u y\r feet1 ?9k t y %all und]/& :at is 9 heav580 ,timon also knew t he 0 an a/ronom]1 & 9 8 ,silli he praises him1 say+3-- ,l ,?ales1 wise/ ( ! sev5 sages1 ,t great a/ronom]4 ,& ,lobon ( ,argos1 says1 t :i* 0 writt5 by him ext5ds to ab\t two hundr$ v]ses2 & t ! foll[+ inscription is engrav$ ^u 8 /atue3-- ,miletus1 faire/ ( ,ionian cities1 ,gave bir? to ,?ales1 great a/ronom]1 ,wise/ ( mortals 9 all k9ds ( k4 ,,ix4 ,& ^! are quot$ z "s ( 8 l9es3-- ,x is n _m words t real wisdom proves2 ,brea! r "o wise ?\ght1 ,select "o wor?y object1 ,s %all y be/ ! endless prate ( silly m5 reprove4-- ,& ! foll[+ are quot$ z say+s ( 83--8,god is ! mo/ anci5t ( all ?+s1 = he _h no bir?3 ! _w is ! mo/ beautiful ( ?+s1 = x is ! "w ( ,god3 place is ! greate/ ( ?+s1 = x conta9s all ?+s3 intellect is ! swifte/ ( ?+s1 = x runs ?r\gh ev]y?+3 necessity is ! /ronge/ ( ?+s1 = x rules ev]y?+3 "t is ! wise/ ( ?+s1 = x f9ds out ev]y?+40 ,he said also t !re 0 no diff]5ce betwe5 life & dea?4 8,:y1 !n10 said "s "o to him1 8d n y die80 8,because10 said he1 8x does make no diff]5ce40 ,a man ask$ him :i* 0 made fir/1 night or day1 & he repli$1 8,night 0 made fir/ by "o day40 ,ano!r man ask$ him :e!r a man :o did wrong1 c\ld escape ! notice ( ! ,gods4 8,no1 n ev5 if he ?9ks wrong10 said he4 ,an adult]] inquir$ ( him :e!r he %\ld swe> t he _h n committ$ adult]y4 8,p]jury10 said he1 8is no worse ?an adult]y40 ,:5 he 0 ask$ :at 0 v difficult1 he said1 8,to "k "o's self40 ,& :at 0 easy1 8,to advise ano!r40 ,:at 0 mo/ pleasant8 8,to be successful40 ,to ! "q1 8,:at is ! div9ity80 he repli$1 8,t :i* has nei!r beg9n+ nor end40 ,:5 ask$ :at h>d ?+ he _h se51 he said1 8,an old man a tyrant40 ,:5 ! "q 0 put to him h[ a man might mo/ easily endure mis=tune1 he said1 8,if he saw 8 enemies m un=tunate /ill40 ,:5 ask$ h[ m5 might live mo/ virtu\sly & mo/ ju/ly1 he said1 8,if we nev] d ourselves :at we blame 9 o!rs40 ,to ! "q1 8,:o 0 happy80 he made answ]4 8,he :o is heal?y 9 8 body1 easy 9 8 circum/ances1 & well-in/ruct$ z to 8 m9d40 ,he said t m5 ought to rememb] ^? fri5ds :o 7 abs5t z well z ^? :o 7 pres5t1 & n to c>e ab\t adorn+ _! faces1 b to be beautifi$ by _! /udies4 8,d n10 said he1 8get ri* by evil actions1 & let n any "o ev] be able to reproa* y ) speak+ aga9/ ^? :o p>take ( y\r fri5d%ip4 ,all ! assi/ance t y give to y\r p>5ts1 ! same y h a "r to expect f y\r *ildr540 ,he said t ! reason ( ! ,nile ov]fl[+ 01 t its /reams 7 beat5 back by ! ,etesian w9ds bl[+ 9 a contr>y direction4 ,x4 ,apollodorus1 9 8 ,*ronicles1 says1 t ,?ales 0 born 9 ! fir/ ye> ( ! ?irty-fif? ,olympiad2 & he di$ at ! age ( sev5ty-eight ye>s1 or accord+ to ! /atem5t ( ,sosicrates1 at ! age ( n9ety1 = he di$ 9 ! fifty-eigh? ,olympiad1 hav+ liv$ 9 ! "t ( ,crsus1 to :om he promis$ t he w\ld enable him to pass ! ,halys )\t a bridge1 by turn+ ! c\rse ( ! riv]4 ,,xi4 ,!re h also be5 o!r m5 ( ! "n ( ,?ales1 z ,demetrius ( ,magnesia says1 9 8 ,treatise on ,p & ,?+s ( ! same "n2 ( :om five are p>ticul>ly m5tion$1 an orator ( ,calatia ( a v affect$ /yle ( eloqu5ce2 a pa9t] ( ,sicyon1 a great man2 ! ?ird 0 "o :o liv$ 9 v anci5t times1 9 ! age ( ,hom] & ,hesiod & ,lycurgus2 ! f\r? is a man :o is m5tion$ by ,duris 9 8 "w on ,pa9t+2 ! fif? is a m mod]n p]son1 ( no great reputation1 :o is m5tion$ by ,dionysius 9 8 ,criticisms4 ,,xii4 ,b ?is wise ,?ales di$ :ile pres5t z a spectator at a gymna/ic conte/1 be+ worn out ) heat & ?ir/ & weakness1 = he 0 v old1 & ! foll[+ inscription 0 plac$ on 8 tomb3-- ,y see ?is tomb is small--b recollect1 ,! fame ( ,?ales rea*es to ! skies4 ,i h also myself compos$ ?is epigram on him 9 ! fir/ book ( my epigrams or poems 9 v>i\s metres3-- ,o mighty sun1 our wise/ ,?ales sat ,spectator ( ! games1 :5 y did seize ^u him2 ,b y 7 "r to take him ne> y\rself1 ,n[ t 8 ag$ sight c\ld sc>cely rea* to heav54 ,,xiii4 ,! apoph!gm1 8"k y\rself40 is 82 ?\gh ,anti/h5es 9 8 ,successions1 says t x belongs to ,phemonoe1 b t ,*ilo appropriat$ x z 8 own4 ,,xiv4 ,n[ conc]n+ ! sev51 7= x is well "h to speak ( !m all toge!r17 ! foll[+ traditions are h&$ d[n4 ,damon ! ,cyr5an1 :o wrote ab\t ! philosoph]s1 reproa*es !m all1 b mo/ especially ! sev54 ,& ,anaxim5es says1 t !y all appli$ !mselves to poetry4 ,b ,dicar*us says1 t !y 7 nei!r wise m5 nor philosoph]s1 b m]ely %rewd m51 :o _h /udi$ legislation4 ,& ,ar*etimus1 ! ,syracusian1 wrote an acc\nt ( _! hav+ a meet+ at ! palace ( ,cypselus1 at :i* he says t he himself 0 pres5t4 ,ephorus says t !y all except ,?ales met at ! c\rt ( ,crsus4 ,& "s say t !y also met at ! ,p&ionium1#h & at ,cor9?1 & at ,delphi4 ,!re is a good deal ( disagreem5t betwe5 diff]5t writ]s ) respect to _! apoph!gms1 z ! same "o is attribut$ by !m to v>i\s au?ors4 ,= in/ance !re is ! epigram3-- ,*ilo1 ! ,sp>tan sage1 ?is s5t5ce said3 ,seek no excess--all timely ?+s are good4 ,!re is also a diff]5ce ( op9ion ) respect to _! numb]4 ,le&] ins]ts 9 ! numb] in/ead ( ,cleobulus & ,myson1 ,leophantus ,gorsias1 a native ( ei!r ,leb$os or ,ephesus2 & ,epim5ides1 ! ,cretan2 ,plato1 9 8 ,protagoras1 reckons ,myson among !m in/ead ( ,p]i&]4 ,& ,ephorus m5tions ,ana*>sis 9 ! place ( ,myson2 "s also add ,py?agoras to ! numb]4 ,dicar*us speaks ( f\r1 z univ]sally agre$ ^u1 ,?ales1 ,bias1 ,pittacus1 & ,solon2 & !n enum]ates six m1 ( :om we are to select ?ree1 namely1 ,ari/odemus1 ,pamphilus1 ,*ilo ! ,lac$monian1 ,cleobulus1 ,ana*>sis1 & ,p]i&]4 ,"s add ,acusilaus ( ,argos1 ! son ( ,cabas1 or ,scabras4 ,b ,h]mippus1 9 8 ,treatise on ! ,wise ,m5 says t !re 7 altoge!r sev5te51 out ( :om diff]5t au?ors select$ diff]5t individuals to make up ! sev54 ,^! sev5te5 7 ,solon1 ,?ales1 ,pittacus1 ,bias1 ,*ilo1 ,myson1 ,cleobulus1 ,p]i&]1 ,ana*>sis1 ,acusilaus1 ,epim5ides1 ,leophantus1 ,ph]ecydes1 ,ari/odemus1 ,py?agoras1 ,lasus ! son ( ,*>mantides1 or ,sisymbr9us1 or z ,ari/ox5us calls him ! son ( ,*abr9us1 a citiz5 ( ,h]mione1 & ,anaxagoras4 ,b ,hippobotus 9 8 ,description ( ! ,philosoph]s enum]ates among !m ,orpheus1 ,l9us1 ,solon1 ,p]i&]1 ,ana*>sis1 ,cleobulus1 ,myson1 ,?ales1 ,bias1 ,pittacus1 ,epi*>mus1 & ,py?agoras4 ,,xv4 ,! foll[+ lett]s are pres]v$ z hav+ be5 writt5 by ,?ales3-- ,,?ales ,,to ,,ph]ecydes4 ,i he> t y are dispos$1 z no o!r ,ionian has be51 to disc\rse to ! ,greeks ab\t div9e ?+s1 & p]haps x w be wis] ( y to res]ve = y\r own fri5ds :at y write r ?an to entru/ x to any *ance p1 )\t any advantage4 ,if !re=e x is agreeable to y1 ,i %\ld be glad to become a pupil ( y\rs z to ! matt]s ab\t :i* y write2 & if y invite me ,i w come to y to ,syros2 = ,solon ! ,a!nian & ,i mu/ be out ( our s5ses if we sail$ to ,crete to inve/igate ! hi/ory ( t c\ntry1 & to ,egypt = ! purpose ( conf]r+ ) ! prie/s & a/ronom]s :o are to be f\nd !re1 & yet are unwill+ to make a voyage to y2 = ,solon w come too1 if y w give him leave1 = z y are fond ( y\r pres5t habitation y are n likely to come to ,ionia1 nor are y desir\s ( see+ /rang]s2 b y r1 z ,i hope1 devote y\rself :olly to ! occupation ( writ+4 ,we1 on ! o!r h&1 :o write no?+1 travel ov] all ,greece & ,asia4 ,,?ales ,,to ,,solon4 ,,xvi4 ,if y %\ld leave ,a!ns x appe>s to me t y w\ld f9d a home at ,miletus among ! coloni/s ( ,a!ns m suitably ?an any:]e else1 = "h !re are no annoyances ( any k9d4 ,& if y are indignant because we ,milesians are gov]n$ by a tyrant1 7= y y\rself hate all despotic rul]s71 /ill at all ev5ts y w f9d x pleasant to live ) u = y\r companions4 ,bias has also writt5 to invite y to ,pri5e1 & if y pref] tak+ up y\r abode 9 ! city ( ! ,pri5eans1 !n we ourselves w come ?i!r & settle ne> y4 ,,life ,,( ,,solon4 ,i4 ,solon ! son ( ,exece/ides1 a native ( ,salamis1 0 ! fir/ p]son :o introduc$ among ! ,a!nians1 an ord9ance = ! l[]+#i ( debts2 = ?is 0 ! "n giv5 to ! release ( ! bodies & possessions ( ! debtors4 ,= m5 us$ to borr[ on ! security ( _! own p]sons1 & _m became slaves 9 consequ5ce ( _! inability to pay2 & z sev5 tal5ts 7 ow$ to him z a "p ( 8 pat]nal inh]itance :5 he succe$$ to x1 he 0 ! fir/ p]son :o made a composition ) 8 debtors1 & :o exhort$ ! o!r m5 :o _h money ow+ to !m to d likewise1 & ?is ord9ance 0 call$ 2 & ! reason :y is pla94 ,aft] t he enact$ 8 o!r laws1 :i* x w\ld take a long "t to enum]ate2 & he wrote !m on wood5 revolv+ tablets4 ,,ii4 ,b :at 0 8 mo/ important act ( all 01 :5 !re _h be5 a great dispute ab\t 8 native l& ,salamis1 betwe5 ! ,a!nians & ,meg>ians1 & :5 ! ,a!nians _h met ) _m disa/]s 9 w>1 & _h pass$ a decree t if any "o propos$ to ! p to g to w> = ! sake ( ,salamis he %\ld be puni%$ ) dea?1 he !n pret5d$ to be mad & putt+ on a cr[n ru%$ into ! m>ket place1 & !re he recit$ to ! ,a!nians by ! ag5cy ( a cri]1 ! elegies :i* he _h compos$1 & :i* 7 all direct$ to ! subject ( ,salamis1 & by ^! means he excit$ !m2 & s !y made w> aga9 ^u ! ,meg>ians & conqu]$ !m by means ( ,solon4 ,& ! elegies :i* _h ! greate/ influ5ce on ! ,a!nians 7 ^!3-- ,w\ld t ,i 7 a man ( ,pholeg&ros1#aj ,or small ,sic9na1#aa r ?an ( ,a!ns3 ,= soon ?is w a common prov]b be1 ,t's an ,a!nian :o won't fight = ,salamis4 ,& ano!r 03-- ,let's g & fight = lovely ,salamis1 ,& wipe (f ?is our pres5t infamy4 ,he also p]suad$ !m to take possession ( ! ,?racian ,*]sonesus1 & 9 ord] t x might appe> t ! ,a!nians _h got possession ( ,salamis n by =ce alone1 b also ) ju/ice1 he op5$ "s tombs1 & %[$ t ! corpses buri$ 9 !m 7 all turn$ t[>ds ! ea/1 accord+ to ! ,a!nian fa%ion ( sepulture2 likewise ! tombs !mselves all look$ ea/1 & ! titles ( ! bor\ghs to :i* ! dead belong$ 7 inscrib$ on !m1 :i* 0 a cu/om peculi> to ! ,a!nians4 ,"s also say t x 0 he :o add$ to ! catalogue ( ,hom]1 aft] ! l9es3-- ,) ^! appe> ! ,salam9ian b&s1 ,:om ,telamon's gigantic son comm&s-- ,^! o!r v]ses3-- ,9 twelve black %ips to ,troy !y /e] _! c\rse1 ,& ) ! great ,a!nians jo9 _! =ce4#ab ,,iii4 ,& ev] aft] ?is "t ! p 0 will+ly ob$i5t to him1 & 0 cont5t$ to be gov]n$ by him2 b he did n *oose to be _! rul]1 & moreov]1 z ,sosicrates relates1 he1 z f> z 9 him lay1 h9d]$ also 8 relative ,pisi/ratus f be+ s1 :5 he saw t he 0 incl9$ to su* a /ep4 ,ru%+ into "o ( ! assemblies arm$ ) a spe> & %ield1 he =ew>n$ ! p ( ! design ( ,pisi/ratus1 & n only t b told !m t he 0 prep>$ to assi/ !m2 & ^! 7 8 words3 8,ye m5 ( ,a!ns1 ,i am wis] ?an "s ( y1 & brav] ?an o!rs4 ,wis] ?an ^? ( y :o d n p]ceive ! trea*]y ( ,pisi/ratus2 & brav] ?an ^? :o are aw>e ( x1 b out ( fe> hold _! peace40 ,b ! c\ncil1 be+ 9 ! int]e/ ( ,pisi/ratus1 said t he 0 mad1 on :i* he spoke z foll[s3-- ,a %ort "t w to all my madness prove1 ,:5 /]n reality pres5ts itself4 ,& ^! elegiac v]ses 7 writt5 by him ab\t ! tyranny ( ,pisi/ratus1 :i* he =etold1 ,fi]ce sn[ & hail are f ! cl\ds borne d[n1 ,& ?und] aft] brilliant lightn+ ro>s2 ,& by its own great m5 a city falls1 ,! ignorant mob becom+ slaves to k+s4 ,,iv4 ,& :5 ,pisi/ratus _h obta9$ ! supreme p[]1 he1 z he w\ld n influ5ce him1 laid d[n 8 arms be=e ! *ief c\ncil-h\se1 & said1 8,o my c\ntry1 ,i h /ood by y 9 ^w & de$40 ,& !n he sail$ away to ,egypt1 & ,cyprus1 & came to ,crsus4 ,& :ile at 8 c\rt be+ ask$ by him1 8,:o appe>s to y to be happy80#ac ,he repli$1 8,tellus ! ,a!nian1 & ,cleobis & ,biton10 & enum]at$ o!r commonly spok5 ( in/ances4 ,b "s p say1 t once ,crsus adorn$ himself 9 e possible mann]1 & took 8 seat ^u 8 ?rone1 & !n ask$ ,solon :e!r he _h ev] se5 a m beautiful sight4 ,b he said1 8,yes1 ,i h se5 cocks & pheasants1 & peacocks2 = !y are adorn$ ) natural col\rs1 & su* z are t5 ?\s& times m beautiful40 ,aft]w>ds leav+ ,s>dis he w5t to ,cilicia1 & !re he f\nd$ a city :i* he call$ ,soli aft] 8 own "n2 & he plac$ 9 x a few ,a!nians z coloni/s1 :o 9 "t dep>t$ f ! /rict use ( _! native language1 & 7 said to speak ,solecisms2 & ! inhabitants ( t city are call$ ,sol5sians2 b ^? ( ,soli 9 ,cyprus are call$ ,solians4 ,v4 ,& :5 he le>nt t ,pisi/ratus cont9u$ to rule 9 ,a!ns z a tyrant1 he wrote ^! v]ses on ! ,a!nians3-- ,if ?r\gh y\r vices y afflict$ are1 ,lay n ! blame ( y\r di/ress on ,god2 ,y made y\r rul]s mighty1 gave !m gu>ds1 ,s n[ y groan 'nea? slav]y's heavy rod-- ,ea* "o ( y n[ treads 9 foxes' /eps1 ,be>+ a weak1 incon/ant1 fai?less m9d1 ,tru/+ ! tongue & slipp]y spee* ( man2 ,?\gh 9 8 acts alone y tru? c f9d4 ,?is1 !n1 he said to !m4 ,,vi4 ,b ,pisi/ratus1 :5 he 0 leav+ ,a!ns1 wrote him a lett] 9 ! foll[+ t]ms3-- ,,pisi/ratus ,,to ,,solon4 ,i am n ! only "o ( ! ,greeks :o has seiz$ ! sov]eignty ( 8 c\ntry1 nor am ,i "o :o _h no "r :atev] to d s1 s9ce ,i am ( ! race ( ,codrus2 = ,i h only recov]$ :at ! ,a!nians swore t !y w\ld give to ,codrus & all 8 family1 & :at !y aft]w>ds depriv$ !m (4 ,& 9 all o!r respects ,i s9 nei!r aga9/ m5 nor aga9/ gods1 b ,i all[ ! ,a!nians to live "u ! laws :i* y e/abli%$ among/ !m1 & !y are n[ liv+ 9 a bett] mann] ?an !y w\ld if !y 7 "u a democracy2 = ,i all[ no "o to behave ) viol5ce3 & ,i1 ?\gh ,i am ! tyrant1 d]ive no o!r advantage beyond my sup]iority 9 rank & hon\r1 be+ cont5t ) ! fix$ hon\rs :i* belong$ to ! =m] k+s4 ,& e "o ( ! ,a!nians br+s ! ti! ( 8 possessions1 n to me1 b to ! prop] place 9 ord] t x may be devot$ to ! public sacrifices ( ! city2 & = any o!r public purposes1 or = any em]g5cies ( w> :i* may arise4 ,b ,i d n blame y = lay+ op5 my plans1 = ,i "k t y did s out ( reg>d = ! city r ?an out ( dislike to me2 & also because y did n "k :at sort ( gov]nm5t ,i 0 ab\t to e/abli%2 s9ce1 if y _h be5 acqua9t$ ) x1 y w\ld h be5 cont5t to live "u x & w\ld n h fl$4 ,n[1 !re=e1 return home aga92 believ+ me ev5 )\t my swe>+ to y t ,solon %all nev] receive any h>m at ! h&s ( ,pisi/ratus2 "k also t none ( my enemies h suff]$ any evil f me2 & if y w cons5t to be "o ( my fri5ds1 y %all be among ! fir/2 = ,i "k t !re is no trea*]y or fai?lessness 9 y4 ,or if y wi% to live at ,a!ns 9 any o!r mann]1 y %all be all[$ to d s2 only d n deprive y\rself ( y\r c\ntry because ( my actions4 ,?us wrote ,pisi/ratus4 ,,vii4 ,solon also said1 t ! limit ( human life 0 sev5ty ye>s1 & he appe>s to h be5 a mo/ excell5t lawgiv]1 = he enjo9$1 8t if any "o did n support 8 p>5ts he %\ld be acc\nt$ infam\s2 & t ! man :o squ&]$ 8 patrimony %\ld be equally s1 & ! inactive man 0 liable to prosecution by any "o :o *oose to impea* him40 ,b ,lysias1 9 8 spee* aga9/ ,nicias1 says t ,draco fir/ propos$ ?is law1 b t x 0 ,solon :o enact$ x4 ,he also prohibit$ all :o liv$ 9 debau*]y f asc5d+ ! tribunal2 & he dim9i%$ ! hon\rs paid to ,a?letes :o 7 victori\s 9 ! games1 fix+ ! prize = a victor at ,olympia at five hundr$ dra*m1#ad & = "o :o conqu]$ at ! ,i/hmian games at "o hundr$2 & 9 ! same proportion did he fix ! prizes = ! o!r games1 = he said1 t x 0 absurd to give su* great hon\rs to ^? m5 z ought to be res]v$ = ^? only :o di$ 9 ! w>s2 & _! sons he ord]$ to be educat$ & br$ up at ! public exp5se4 ,& ow+ to ?is enc\ragem5t1 ! ,a!nians behave !mselves nobly & valiantly 9 w>2 z = in/ance1 ,polyzelus1 & ,cyngirus1 & ,callima*us1 & all ! soldi]s :o f\ght at ,m>a?on1 & ,h>modius1 & ,ari/ogiton1 & ,miltiades1 & numb]less o!r h]oes4 ,b z = ! ,a?letes1 _! tra9+ is v exp5sive1 & _! victories injuri\s1 & !y are cr[n$ r z conqu]ors ( _! c\ntry ?an ( _! antagoni/s1 & :5 !y become old1 z ,euripides says3-- ,!y're l old cloaks worn to ! v wo(4 ,,ix4 ,s ,solon1 appreciat+ ^! facts1 treat$ !m ) mod]ation4 ,?is also 0 an admirable regulation ( 81 t a gu>dian ( orphans %\ld n live ) _! "m1 & t no "o %\ld be appo9t$ a gu>dian1 to :om ! orphans' prop]ty w\ld come if !y di$4 ,ano!r excell5t law 01 t a seal engrav] might n keep an impression ( any r+ :i* _h be5 sold by him1 & t if a p]son /ruck out ! eye ( a man :o _h b "o1 he %\ld lose bo? 8 own1 & t no "o %\ld claim :at he _h n deposit$1 o!rwise dea? %\ld be 8 puni%m5t4 ,if an ar*on 0 detect$ be+ drunk1 t too 0 a capital crime4 ,& he compil$ ! poems ( ,hom]1 s t !y might be recit$ by diff]5t b>ds1 tak+ ! cue f "o ano!r1 s t :]e "o _h left (f ! next "o might take him up1 s t x 0 ,solon r ?an ,pisi/ratus :o br\ght ,hom] to light1 z ,dieu*idas says1 9 ! fif? book ( 8 ,hi/ory ( ,meg>a1 & ! mo/ celebrat$ ( 8 v]ses 73-- ,full fifty m f ,a!ns /em ! ma94 ,& ! re/ ( t passage--8,& ,solon 0 ! fir/ p]son :o call$ ! ?irtie? day ( ! mon? 40#ae ,he 0 ! fir/ p]son also :o assembl$ ! n9e ar*ons toge!r to deliv] _! op9ions1 z ,apollodorus tells u 9 ! second book ( 8 ,treatise on ,lawgiv]s4 ,& once1 :5 !re 0 a s$ition 9 ! city1 he took "p nei!r ) ! citiz5s1 nor ) ! inhabitants ( ! pla91 nor ) ! m5 ( ! sea-coa/4 ,x4 ,he us$ to say1 too1 t spee* 0 ! image ( actions1 & t ! k+ 0 ! mightie/ man z to 8 p[]2 b t laws 7 l cobwebs--= t if any trifl+ or p[]less ?+ fell into !m1 !y held x fa/2 b if a ?+ ( any size fell into !m1 x broke ! me%es & escap$4 ,he us$ also to say t disc\rse ought to be seal$ by sil5ce1 & sil5ce by opportunity4 ,x 0 also a say+ ( 81 t ^? :o _h influ5ce ) tyrants1 7 l ! pebbles :i* are us$ 9 mak+ calculations2 = t e "o ( ^? pebbles 7 sometimes wor? m1 & sometimes less1 & s t ! tyrants sometimes made ea* ( ^! m5 ( consequ5ce1 & sometimes neglect$ !m4 ,be+ ask$ :y he _h made no law conc]n+ p>ricides1 he made answ]1 t he did n expect t any su* p]son w\ld exi/4 ,:5 he 0 ask$ h[ m5 c\ld be mo/ effectually det]r$ f committ+ inju/ice1 he said1 8,if ^? :o are n injur$ feel z mu* indignation z ^? :o are40 ,ano!r apoph!gm ( 8 01 t satiety 0 g5]at$ by weal?1 & insol5ce by satiety4 ,,xi4 ,he x 0 :o taught ! ,a!nians to regulate _! days by ! c\rse ( ! moon2 & he also =bade ,!spis to p]=m & repres5t 8 trag$ies1 on ! gr\nd ( falsehood be+ unpr(itable2 & :5 ,pisi/ratus w\nd$ himself1 he said x all came ( ,!spis's trag$ies4 ,,xii4 ,he gave ! foll[+ advice1 z is record$ by ,apollodorus 9 8 ,treatise on ! ,sects ( ,philosoph]s3--8,consid] y\r hon\r1 z a g5tleman1 ( m weight ?an an oa?4--,nev] speak falsely4--,pay att5tion to matt]s ( importance4--,be n ha/y 9 mak+ fri5ds2 & d n ca/ (f ^? :om y h made4--,rule1 aft] y h fir/ le>nt to submit to rule4--,advise n :at is mo/ agreeable1 b :at is be/4--,make reason y\r guide4--,d n associate ) ! wick$4--,hon\r ! gods2 respect y\r p>5ts40 ,,xiii4 ,!y say also t :5 ,mimn]mus _h writt53-- ,happy's ! man :o 'scapes disease & c>e1 ,& dies cont5t$ 9 8 sixtie? ye> ,solon rebuk$ him1 & said3-- ,be guid$ n[ by me1 erase ?is v]se1 ,nor envy me if ,i'm m wise ?an y4 ,if y write ?us1 y\r wi% w\ld n be worse1 ,may ,i be eighty ere dea? lays me l[4 ,! foll[+ are "s l9es out ( 8 poems3-- ,wat* well ea* sep>ate citiz51 ,le/ hav+ 9 8 he>t ( he>ts ,a secret spe>1 "o /ill may come ,salut+ y ) *e]ful face1 ,& utt] ) a d\ble tongue ,! feign$ good wi%es ( 8 w>y m9d4 ,z = 8 hav+ made laws1 t is notori\s2 he also compos$ spee*es to ! p1 & a book ( sugge/ions to himself1 & "s elegiac poems1 & five ?\s& v]ses ab\t ,salamis & ! con/itution ( ! ,a!nians2 & "s iambics & epodes4 ,,xv4 ,& on 8 /atue is ! foll[+ inscription-- ,salamis t *eck$ ! ,p]sian insol5ce1 ,br\ght =? ?is holy lawgiv]1 wise ,solon4 ,he fl\ri%$ ab\t ! =ty-six? ,olympiad1 9 ! ?ird ye> ( :i* he 0 ar*on at ,a!ns1 z ,sosicrates records2 & x 0 9 ?is ye> t he enact$ 8 laws2 & he di$ 9 ,cyprus1 aft] he _h liv$ eighty ye>s1 hav+ giv5 *>ge to 8 relations to c>ry 8 bones to ,salamis1 & !re to burn !m to a%es1 & to scatt] ! a%es on ! gr\nd4 ,9 ref]5ce to :i* ,crat9us 9 8 ,*iron repres5ts him z speak+ ?us3-- ,& z m5 say1 ,i /ill ?is isle inhabit1 ,s[n o'er ! :ole ( ,ajax' fam\s city4 ,!re is also an epigram 9 ! be=e m5tion$ collection ( poems1 9 v>i\s metres1 9 :i* ,i h made a collection ( notices ( all ! illu/ri\s m5 t h ev] di$1 9 e k9d ( metre & rhy?m1 9 epigrams & odes4 ,& x runs ?us3-- ,! ,cyprian flame dev\r'd great ,solon's corpse ,f> 9 a =eign l&2 b ,salamis ,reta9s 8 bones1 ^: du/ is turn$ to corn4 ,! tablets ( 8 laws d be> al(t ,8 m9d to heav54 ,su* a burd5 light ,are ^! immortal rules to ?' happy wood4 ,,xvi4 ,he also1 z "s say1 0 ! au?or ( ! apoph!gm--8,seek excess 9 no?+40 ,& ,dioscorides1 9 8 ,comm5t>ies1 says1 t1 :5 he 0 lam5t+ 8 son1 :o 0 dead 7) ^: "n ,i am n acqua9t$71 & :5 "s "o said to him1 8,y d no good by weep+10 he repli$1 8,b t is ! v reason :y ,i weep1 because ,i d no good40 ,,xvii4 ,! foll[+ lett]s also are attribut$ to him3-- ,,solon ,,to ,,p]i&]4 ,y s5d me ^w t _m p are plott+ aga9/ y2 b if y 7 to ?9k ( putt+ ev]yone ( !m out ( ! way1 y w\ld d no good2 b "s "o :om y d n suspect w\ld /ill plot aga9/ y1 p>tly because he w\ld fe> = himself1 & p>tly out ( dislike to y = fe>+ all sorts ( ?+s2 & he w\ld ?9k1 too1 t he w\ld make ! city grateful to him1 ev5 if y 7 n suspect$4 ,x is bett]1 !re=e1 to ab/a9 f ! tyranny1 9 ord] to escape f blame4 ,b if y absolutely mu/ be a tyrant1 !n y _h bett] provide = hav+ a =eign =ce 9 ! city sup]ior to t ( ! citiz5s2 & !n no "o ne$ be =midable to y1 nor ne$ y put any "o out ( ! way4 ,,solon ,,to ,,epim5ides4 ,,xviii4 ,my laws 7 n de/9$ to be long ( s]vice to ! ,a!nians1 nor h y done any great good by purify+ ! city4 ,= nei!r c ! ,deity nor lawgiv]s d mu* good to cities by !mselves2 b ^! p r give ?is p[]1 :o1 f "t to "t1 c lead ! p 9 any op9ions !y *oose2 s also ! ,deity & ! laws1 :5 ! citiz5s are well gov]n$1 are useful2 b :5 !y are ill gov]n$1 !y are no good4 ,nor are my laws or all ! enactm5ts t ,i made1 any bett]2 b ^? :o 7 9 p[] transgress$ !m1 & did great injury to ! commonweal?1 inasmu* z !y did n h9d] ,pisi/ratus f usurp+ ! tyranny4 ,nor did !y believe me :5 ,i gave !m w>n+ be=eh&4 ,b he obta9$ m cr$it ?an ,i did1 :o flatt]$ ! ,a!nians :ile ,i told him ! tru?3 b ,i1 plac+ my arms be=e ! pr9cipal c\ncil-h\se1 be+ wis] ?an !y1 told ^? :o _h no suspicion ( x1 t ,pisi/ratus 0 desir\s to make himself a tyrant2 & ,i %[$ myself m valiant ?an ^? :o hesitat$ to def5d ! /ate aga9/ him4 ,b !y condemn$ ! madness ( ,solon4 ,b at la/ ,i spoke l\dly--8,o1 my c\ntry1 ,i1 ,solon1 "h am ready to def5d y by ^w & de$2 b to ^! m5 ,i seem to be mad4 ,s ,i w dep>t f y1 be+ ! only antagoni/ ( ,pisi/ratus2 & let ^! m5 be 8 gu>ds if !y please40 ,= y "k ! man1 my fri5d1 & h[ clev]ly he seiz$ ^u ! tyranny4 ,he fir/ began by be+ a demagogue2 !n1 hav+ inflict$ w\nds on himself1 he came to ! ,helia1 cry+ out1 & say+1 8,t he _h be5 treat$ 9 ?is way by 8 enemies40 ,& he entreat$ ! p to assign him z gu>ds f\r hundr$ "y m52 & !y1 disreg>d+ my advice1 gave !m to him4 ,& !y 7 all arm$ ) bludgeons4 ,& aft] t he put d[n ! democracy4 ,!y 9 va9 hop$ to deliv] ! poor f _! /ate ( slav]y1 & s n[ !y are all ( !m slaves to ,pisi/ratus4 ,,solon ,,to ,,pisi/ratus4 ,i am well assur$ t ,i %\ld suff] no evil at y\r h&s4 ,= be=e y\r assumption ( ! tyranny ,i 0 a fri5d ( y\rs1 & n[ my case is n diff]5t f t ( any o!r ,a!nian :o is n pleas$ ) tyranny4 ,& :e!r x is bett] = !m to be gov]n$ by "o individual1 or to live "u a democracy1 t ea* p]son may decide accord+ to 8 own s5tim5ts4 ,& ,i admit t ( all tyrants y are ! be/4 ,b ,i d n judge x to be good = me to return to ,a!ns1 le/ any "o %\ld blame me1 =1 aft] hav+ e/abli%$ equality ( civil rights among ! ,a!nians1 & aft] hav+ refus$ to be a tyrant myself :5 x 0 9 my p[]1 return+ n[ & acquiesc+ 9 :at y are do+4 ,,solon ,,to ,,cr,,sus4 ,,xx4 ,i ?ank y = y\r goodwill t[>ds me4 ,&1 by ,m9]va1 if ,i did n ?9k x preci\s above ev]y?+ to live 9 a democracy1 ,i w\ld will+ly pref] liv+ 9 y\r palace ) y to liv+ at ,a!ns1 s9ce ,pisi/ratus has made himself tyrant by =ce4 ,b life is m pleasant to me :]e ju/ice & equality prevail univ]sally4 ,h[ev]1 ,i w come & see y1 be+ anxi\s to enjoy y\r hospitality = a season4 ,,life ,,( ,,*ilo4 ,i4 ,*ilo 0 a ,lac$monian1 ! son ( ,damagetus4 ,he compos$ v]ses 9 elegiac metre to ! numb] ( two hundr$3 & x 0 a say+ ( 8 t a =esight ( future ev5ts1 su* z c\ld be arriv$ at by consid]ation 0 ! virtue ( a man4 ,he also said once to 8 bro!r1 :o 0 indignant at n be+ an ephor1 :ile he himself 0 "o1 8,! reason is because ,i "k h[ to be> inju/ice2 b y d n40 ,& he 0 made ephor 9 ! fifty-fif? ,olympiad2 b ,pamphila says t x 0 9 ! fifty-six?4 ,& he 0 made fir/ ephor 9 ! ye> ( ! ar*on%ip ( ,eu?ydemus1 z we are told by ,sosicrates4 ,*ilo 0 also ! fir/ p]son :o introduc$ ! cu/om ( jo9+ ! ephors to ! k+s z _! c\nsellors3 ?\gh ,satyrus attributes ?is in/itution to ,lycurgus4 ,he1 z ,h]odotus says 9 8 fir/ book1 :5 ,hippocrates 0 sacrific+ at ,olympia1 & ! cauldrons began to boil ( _! own accord1 advis$ him ei!r to m>ry1 or1 if he 7 m>ri$ already1 to disc>d 8 wife1 & dis[n 8 *ildr54 ,,ii4 ,!y tell a /ory1 also1 ( 8 hav+ ask$ sop :at ,jupit] 0 do+1 & t sop repli$1 8,he is l[]+ :at is high1 & exalt+ :at is l[40 ,be+ ask$ 9 :at educat$ m5 diff]$ f ^? :o 7 illit]ate1 he said1 8,9 good hopes40 ,hav+ _h ! "q put to him1 ,:at 0 difficult1 he said1 8,to be sil5t ab\t secrets2 to make good use ( "o's leisure1 & to be able to submit to inju/ice40 ,& besides ^! ?ree ?+s he add$ fur!r1 8,to rule "o's tongue1 especially at a banquet1 & n to speak ill ( "o's neighb\rs2 = if "o does s "o is sure to he> :at "o w n l40 ,he advis$1 moreov]1 8,to ?reat5 no "o2 = t is a womanly trick4 ,to be m prompt to g to "o's fri5ds 9 adv]sity ?an 9 prosp]ity4 ,to make b a mod]ate display at "o's m>riage4 ,n to speak evil ( ! dead4 ,to hon\r old age4--,to keep a wat* ^u "o's self4--,to pref] puni%m5t to disgraceful ga92 = ! "o is pa9ful b once1 b ! o!r = "o's :ole life4--,n to laugh at a p]son 9 mis=tune4--,if "o is /rong to be also m]ciful1 s t "o's neighb\rs may respect "o r ?an fe> "o4--,to le>n h[ to regulate "o's own h\se well4--,n to let "o's tongue outrun "o's s5se4--,to re/ra9 ang]4--,n to dislike div9ation4--,n to desire :at is impossible4--,n to make too mu* ha/e on "o's road4--,:5 speak+ n to ge/iculate ) ! h&2 = t is l a madman4--,to obey ! laws4--,to love quiet40 ,& ( all 8 songs ?is "o 0 ! mo/ approv$3-- ,gold is be/ te/$ by a :et/one h>d1 ,:i* gives a c]ta9 pro( ( purity2 ,& gold itself acts z ! te/ ( m51 ,by :i* we "k ! temp] ( _! m9ds4 ,,iii4 ,!y say1 too1 t :5 he 0 old he said1 t he 0 n consci\s ( hav+ ev] done an unju/ action 9 8 life2 b t he d\bt$ ab\t "o ?+4 ,= t once :5 judg+ 9 a fri5d's cause he _h vot$ himself 9 accordance ) ! law1 b _h p]suad$ a fri5d to vote = 8 acquittal1 9 ord] t s he might ma9ta9 ! law1 & yet save 8 fri5d4 ,,iv4 ,b he 0 mo/ especially celebrat$ among ! ,greeks = hav+ deliv]$ an e>ly op9ion ab\t ,cy!ra1 an isl& belong+ to ,laconia4 ,= hav+ become acqua9t$ ) its nature1 he said1 8,i wi% x _h nev] exi/$1 or t1 z x does exi/1 x 7 sunk at ! bottom ( ! sea40 ,& 8 =esight 0 prov$ aft]w>ds4 ,= :5 ,dem>atus 0 bani%$ by ! ,lac$monians1 he advis$ ,x]xes to keep 8 %ips at t isl&3 & ,greece w\ld h be5 subdu$1 if ,x]xes _h tak5 ! advice4 ,& aft]w>ds ,nicias1 hav+ r$uc$ ! isl& at ! "t ( ! ,peloponnesian w>1 plac$ 9 x a g>rison ( ,a!nians1 & did a great deal ( h>m to ! ,lac$monians4 ,v4 ,he 0 v brief 9 8 spee*4 ,on :i* acc\nt ,ari/agoras1 ! ,milesian1 calls su* concis5ess1 ! ,*ilonean fa%ion2 & says t x 0 adopt$ by ,bran*us1 :o built ! temple among ! ,bran*id4 ,*ilo 0 an old man1 ab\t ! fifty-second ,olympiad1 :5 sop1 ! fable writ]1 fl\ri%$4 ,& he di$1 z ,h]mippus says1 at ,pisa1 aft] embrac+ 8 son1 :o _h ga9$ ! victory 9 box+ at ! ,olympic games4 ,! cause ( 8 dea? 0 excess ( joy1 & weakness caus$ by extreme old age4 ,all ! spectators :o 7 pres5t at ! games att5d$ 8 fun]al1 pay+ him ! highe/ hon\rs4 ,& we h writt5 ! foll[+ epigram on him3-- ,i ?ank y1 brighte/ ,pollux1 t ! son ,( ,*ilo we>s ! wrea? ( victory2 ,nor ne$ we grieve if at ! glori\s sight ,8 fa!r di$4 ,may su* my la/ end be6 ,& ! foll[+ inscription is engrav$ on 8 /atue3-- ,! w>like ,sp>ta call$ ?is ,*ilo son1 ,! wise/ man ( all ! sev5 sages4 ,"o ( 8 say+s 01 8,surety%ip1 & !n de/ruction40 ,! foll[+ lett] ( 8 is also extant3-- ,,*ilo ,,to ,,p]i&]4 ,y desire me to ab&on ! exp$ition aga9/ ! emigrants1 z y y\rself w g =?4 ,b ,i ?9k t a sole gov]nor is 9 a slipp]y position at home2 & ,i consid] t tyrant a =tunate man :o dies a natural dea? 9 8 own h\se4 ,,life ,,( ,,pittacus4 ,i4 ,pittacus 0 a native ( ,mityl5e1 & son ( ,hyrradius4 ,b ,duris says1 t 8 fa!r 0 a ,?racian4 ,he1 9 union ) ! bro!rs ( ,alcu1 put d[n ,melan*rus ! tyrant ( ,lesbos4 ,& 9 ! battle :i* took place betwe5 ! ,a!nians & ,mityl5ans on ! subject ( ! di/rict ( ,a*ilis1 he 0 ! ,mityl5an g5]al2 ! ,a!nian comm&] be+ ,phrynon1 a ,pancratia/1 :o _h ga9$ ! victory at ,olympia4 ,pittacus agre$ to meet him 9 s+le combat1 & hav+ a net "u 8 %ield1 he entangl$ ,phrynon )\t 8 be+ aw>e ( x be=eh&1 & s1 hav+ kill$ him1 he pres]v$ ! di/rict 9 dispute to 8 c\ntrym54 ,b ,apollodorus1 9 8 ,*ronicles1 says1 t subsequ5tly1 ! ,a!nians _h a trial ) ! ,mityl5ans ab\t ! di/rict1 & t ! cause 0 submitt$ to ,p]i&]1 :o decid$ x 9 fav\r ( ! ,a!nians4 ,,ii4 ,9 consequ5ce ( ?is victory ! ,mityl5ans held ,pittacus 9 ! greate/ hon\r1 & committ$ ! supreme p[] into 8 h&s4 ,& he held x = t5 ye>s1 & !n1 :5 he _h br\ght ! city & con/itution into good ord]1 he resign$ ! gov]nm5t4 ,& he liv$ t5 ye>s aft] t1 & ! ,mityl5ans assign$ him an e/ate1 :i* he consecrat$ to ! ,god1 & to ?is day x is call$ ! ,pittacian l&4 ,b ,sosicrates says t he cut (f a small portion ( x1 say+ t half 0 m ?an ! :ole2 & :5 ,crsus (f]$ him "s money he w\ld n accept x1 z he said t he _h already twice z mu* z he want$2 = t he _h succe$$ to ! inh]itance ( 8 bro!r1 :o _h di$ )\t *ildr54 ,,iii4 ,b ,pamphila says1 9 ! second book ( h] ,comm5t>ies1 t he _h a son nam$ ,tyrrhu1 :o 0 kill$ :ile sitt+ 9 a b>b]'s %op1 at ,cyma1 by a brazi]1 :o ?rew an axe at him2 & t ! ,cymans s5t ! murd]] to ,pittacus1 :o :5 he _h le>nt :at _h be5 done1 dismiss$ ! man1 say+1 8,p>don is bett] ?an rep5tance40 ,b ,h]aclitus says t ! true /ory is1 t he _h got ,alcu into 8 p[]1 & t he releas$ him1 say+1 8,p>don is bett] ?an puni%m5t40 ,he 0 also a lawgiv]2 & he made a law t if a man committ$ a crime :ile drunk1 he %\ld h d\ble puni%m5t2 9 ! hope ( det]r+ m5 f gett+ drunk1 z w9e 0 v pl5tiful 9 ! isl&4 ,,iv4 ,x 0 a say+ ( 8 t x 0 a h>d ?+ to be good1 & ?is apoph!gm is quot$ by ,simonides1 :o says1 8,x 0 a say+ ( ,pittacus1 t x is a h>d ?+ to be really a good man40 ,plato also m5tions x 9 8 ,protagoras4 ,ano!r ( 8 say+s 01 8,ev5 ! ,gods _c /rive aga9/ necessity40 ,ano!r 01 8,p[] %[s ! man40 ,be+ once ask$ :at 0 be/1 he repli$1 8,to d :at "o is do+ at ! mom5t well40 ,:5 ,crsus put ! "q to him1 8,:at is ! greate/ p[]80 8,! p[]10 he repli$1 8( ! v>iegat$ wood10 mean+ ! wood5 tablets ( ! laws4 ,he us$ to say too1 t !re 7 "s victories )\t blood%$4 ,he said once to a man ( ,phoca1 :o 0 say+ t we ought to seek out a virtu\s man1 8,b if y seek ev] s mu* y w n f9d "o40 ,"s p once ask$ him :at ?+ 0 v grateful8 & he repli$1 8,"t40--,:at 0 unc]ta98 8,! future40--,:at 0 tru/y8 8,! l&40--,:at 0 trea*]\s8 8,! sea40 ,ano!r say+ ( 8 01 t x 0 ! "p ( wise m51 be=e difficult circum/ances arose1 to provide = _! n aris+2 b t x 0 ! "p ( brave m5 to make ! be/ ( exi/+ circum/ances4 ,he us$ to say too1 8,d n say be=e h& :at y are go+ to d2 = if y fail1 y w be laugh$ at40 8,d n reproa* a man ) 8 mis=tunes1 fe>+ le/ ,nemesis may ov]take y40 8,if y h receiv$ a deposit1 re/ore x40 8,=be> to speak evil n only ( y\r fri5ds1 b also ( y\r enemies40 8,practise piety1 ) temp]ance40 8,cultivate tru?1 good fai?1 exp]i5ce1 clev]ness1 sociability1 & indu/ry40 ,v4 ,he wrote also "s songs1 ( :i* ! foll[+ is ! mo/ celebrat$ "o3-- ,! wise w only face ! wick$ man1 ,) b[ 9 h& well b5t1 ,& quiv] full ( arr[s-- ,= su* a tongue z 8 says no?+ true1 ,prompt$ by a wily he>t ,to utt] d\ble spee*es4 ,he also compos$ six hundr$ v]ses 9 elegiac metre2 & he wrote a treatise 9 prose1 on ,laws1 address$ to 8 c\ntrym54 ,,vi4 ,he fl\ri%$ ab\t ! =ty-second ,olympiad2 & he di$ :5 ,ari/om5es 0 ,ar*on1 9 ! ?ird ye> ( ! fifty-second ,olympiad2 hav+ liv$ m ?an sev5ty ye>s1 be+ a v old man4 ,& on 8 tomb is ?is inscription3-- ,lesbos :o bore him "h1 ) te>s do? bury ,hyrradius' wor?y son1 wise ,pittacus4 ,ano!r say+ ( 8 01 8,wat* y\r opportunity40 ,,vii4 ,!re 0 also ano!r ,pittacus1 a lawgiv]1 z ,phavor9us tells u 9 ! fir/ book ( 8 ,comm5t>ies2 & ,demetrius says s too1 9 8 ,essay on ,m5 & ,?+s ( ! same "n4 ,& t o!r ,pittacus 0 call$ ,pittacus ! less4 ,,viii4 ,b x is said t ! wise ,pittacus once1 :5 a "y man consult$ him on ! subject ( m>riage1 made him ! foll[+ answ]1 :i* is ?us giv5 by ,callima*us 9 8 ,epigrams4 ,hyrradius' prud5t son1 old ,pittacus ,! pride ( ,mityl5e1 once 0 ask$ ,by an ,at>nean /rang]2 8,tell me1 sage1 ,i h two m>riages propos$ to me2 ,"o maid my equal is 9 bir? & ri*es2 ,! o!r's f> above me2--:i* is be/8 ,advise me n[ :i* %all ,i take to wife80 ,?us spoke ! /rang]2 b ! ag$ pr9ce1 ,rais+ 8 old man's /aff be=e 8 face1 ,said1 8,^! w tell y all y want to "k20 ,& po9t$ to "s boys1 :o ) quick la%es ,7 driv+ :ipp+ tops along ! /reet4 8,foll[ _! /eps10 said he2 s he w5t ne> !m ,& he>d !m say1 8,let ea* n[ m9d 8 own40-- ,s :5 ! /rang] he>d ! boys speak ?us1 ,he pond]$ on _! words1 & laid aside ,ambiti\s ?\ghts ( an unequal m>riage4 ,z !n he took to %ame ! poor] bride1 ,s too d y1 ,o read]1 m9d ?y own4 ,& x seems t he may h "h spok5 f exp]i5ce1 = 8 own wife 0 ( m noble bir? ?an himself1 s9ce %e 0 ! si/] ( ,draco1 ! son ( ,p5?ilus2 & %e gave h]self great airs1 & tyranniz$ ov] him4 ,,ix4 ,alcu calls ,pittacus & 1 because he 0 splay-foot$1 & us$ to drag 8 feet 9 walk+1 he also call$ him 1 because he _h sc>s on 8 feet :i* 7 call$ 4 ,& 1 imply+ t he gave himself airs )\t reason4 ,& & 1 because he 0 fat4 ,he also call$ him 1 because he _h weak eyes1 & 1 because he 0 lazy & dirty4 ,he us$ to gr9d corn = ! sake ( ex]cise1 z ,cle>*us1 ! philosoph]1 relates4 ,x4 ,!re is a lett] ( 8 extant1 :i* runs ?us3-- ,,pittacus ,,to ,,cr,,sus4 ,y invite me to come to ,lydia 9 ord] t ,i may see y\r ri*es2 b ,i1 ev5 )\t see+ !m1 d n d\bt t ! son ( ,alyattes is ! ri*e/ ( mon>*s4 ,b ,i %\ld get no good by go+ to ,s>dis2 = ,i d n want gold myself1 b :at ,i h is suffici5t = myself & my companions4 ,/ill1 ,i w come1 9 ord] to become acqua9t$ ) y z a hospitable man4 ,,life ,,( ,,bias4 ,i4 ,bias 0 a citiz5 ( ,pri5e1 & ! son ( ,teutamus1 & by ,satyrus he is put at ! head ( ! sev5 wise m54 ,"s writ]s affirm t he 0 "o ( ! ri*e/ m5 ( ! city2 b o!rs say t he 0 only a settl]4 ,& ,phanodicus says1 t he ransom$ "s ,mess5ian maid5s :o _h be5 tak5 prison]s1 & educat$ !m z 8 own daught]s1 & gave !m d[ries1 & !n s5t !m back to ,mess9a to _! fa!rs4 ,& :51 z has be5 m5tion$ be=e1 ! tripod 0 f\nd ne> ,a!ns by "s fi%]m51 ! braz5 tripod ,i mean1 :i* bore ! inscription--8,= ! ,wise20 !n ,satyrus says t ! damsels 7b o!rs1 su* z ,phanodicus1 say t x 0 _! fa!r17 came into ! assembly1 & said t ,bias 0 ! wise man--rec\nt+ :at he _h done to !m3 & s ! tripod 0 s5t to him4 ,b ,bias1 :5 he saw x1 said t x 0 ,apollo :o 0 8! ,wise10 & w\ld n receive ! tripod4 ,,ii4 ,b o!rs say t he consecrat$ x at ,!bes to ,h]cules1 because he himself 0 a desc5dant ( ! ,!bans1 :o _h s5t a colony to ,pri5e1 z ,phanodicus relates4 ,x is said also t :5 ,alyattes 0 besieg+ ,pri5e1 ,bias fatt5$ up two mules1 & drove !m into 8 camp2 & t ! k+1 see+ ! condition t ! mules 7 91 0 a/oni%$ at _! be+ able to sp>e food to keep ! brute bea/s s well1 & s he desir$ to make peace ) !m1 & s5t an ambassador to !m4 ,on ?is ,bias1 hav+ made "s heaps ( s&1 & put corn on ! top1 %[$ !m to ! convoy2 & ,alyattes1 he>+ f him :at he _h se51 made peace ) ! p ( ,pri5e2 & !n1 :5 he s5t to ,bias1 desir+ him to come quickly to him1 8,tell ,alyattes1 f me0 he repli$1 8to eat onions20--:i* is ! same z if he _h said1 8g & weep40 ,,iii4 ,x is said t he 0 v en]getic & eloqu5t :5 plead+ causes2 b t he always res]v$ 8 tal5ts = ! "r side4 ,9 ref]5ce to :i* ,demodicus ( ,al]ius utt]$ ! foll[+ enigmatical say+--8,if y are a judge1 give a ,pri5ian decision40 ,& ,hipponax says1 8,m excell5t 9 8 decisions ?an ,bias ( ,pri5e40 ,n[ he di$ 9 ?is mann]3-- ,,iv4 ,hav+ plead$ a cause = "s "o :5 he 0 exce$+ly old1 aft] he _h f9i%$ speak+1 he lean$ back ) 8 head on ! bosom ( 8 daught]'s son2 & aft] ! advocate on ! opposite side _h spok51 & ! judges _h giv5 _! decision 9 fav\r ( ,bias's cli5t1 :5 ! c\rt broke up he 0 f\nd dead on 8 gr&son's bosom4 ,& ! city buri$ him 9 ! greate/ magnific5ce1 & put ov] him ?is inscription-- ,b5ea? ?is /one lies ,bias1 :o 0 born ,9 ! illu/ri\s ,pri5ian l&1 ,! glory ( ! :ole ,ionian race4 ,& we ourselves h also writt5 an epigram on him-- ,"h ,bias lies1 :om1 :5 ! ho>y sn[ ,_h cr[n$ 8 ag$ temples1 ,m]cury ,unpity+ l$ to ,pluto's d>k5'd realms4 ,he plead$ 8 fri5d's cause1 & !n recl9'd ,9 8 *ild's arms1 repos'd 9 la/+ sleep4 ,v4 ,he also wrote ab\t two ?\s& v]ses on ,ionia1 to %[ 9 :at matt] a man might be/ arrive at happ9ess2 & ( all 8 poetical say+s ^! h ! greate/ reputation3-- ,seek to please all ! citiz5s1 ev5 ?\gh ,y\r h\se may be 9 an ungraci\s city4 ,= su* a c\rse w fav\r w9 f all3 ,b haughty mann]s (t produce de/ruction4 ,& ?is "o too3-- ,great /r5g? ( body is ! gift ( nature2 ,b to be able to advise :ate'er ,is mo/ exp$i5t = "o's c\ntry's good1 ,is ! peculi> "w ( s5se & wisdom4 ,ano!r is3-- ,great ri*es come to _m m5 by *ance4 ,he us$ also to say t t man 0 un=tunate :o c\ld n support mis=tune2 & t x is a disease ( ! m9d to desire :at 0 impossible1 & to h no reg>d = ! mis=tunes ( o!rs4 ,be+ ask$ :at 0 difficult1 he said--8,to be> a *ange ( =tune = ! worse ) magnanimity40 ,once he 0 on a voyage ) "s impi\s m51 & ! vessel 0 ov]tak5 by a /orm2 s !y began to invoke ! assi/ance ( ! ,gods2 on :i* he said1 8,hold y\r tongues1 le/ !y %\ld f9d out t y are 9 ?is %ip40 ,:5 he 0 ask$ by an impi\s man :at piety 01 he made no reply2 & :5 8 que/ion] dem&$ ! reason ( 8 sil5ce1 he said1 8,i am sil5t because y are putt+ que/ions ab\t ?+s ) :i* y h no conc]n40 ,be+ ask$ :at 0 pleasant to m51 he repli$1 8,hope40 ,x 0 a say+ ( 8 t x 0 m agreeable to decide betwe5 enemies ?an betwe5 fri5ds2 = t ( fri5ds1 "o 0 sure to become an enemy to him2 b t ( enemies1 "o 0 sure to become a fri5d4 ,:5 ! "q 0 put to him1 :at a man d]iv$ pleasure :ile he 0 do+1 he said1 8,:ile acquir+ ga940 ,he us$ to say1 too1 t m5 ought to calculate life bo? z if !y 7 fat$ to live a long & a %ort "t3 & t !y ought to love "o ano!r z if at a future "t !y w\ld come to hate "o ano!r2 = t mo/ m5 7 wick$4 ,he us$ also to give ! foll[+ pieces ( advice3--8,*oose ! c\rse :i* y adopt ) delib]ation2 b :5 y h adopt$ x1 !n p]sev]e 9 x ) firmness4--,d n speak fa/1 = t %[s folly4--,love prud5ce4--,speak ( ! ,gods z !y are4--,d n praise an undes]v+ man because ( 8 ri*es4--,accept ( ?+s1 hav+ procur$ !m by p]suasion1 n by =ce4--,:atev] good =tune befalls y1 attribute x to ! gods4--,*]i% wisdom z a means ( travell+ f y\? to old age1 = x is m la/+ ?an any o!r possession40 ,,vi4 ,hipponax also m5tions ,bias1 z has be5 said be=e2 & ,h]aclitus too1 a man :o 0 n easily pleas$1 has prais$ him2 say+1 9 ,pri5e !re liv$ ,bias ! son ( ,teutamus1 ^: reputation is high] ?an t ( ! o!rs2 & ! ,pri5ians consecrat$ a temple to him :i* is call$ ! ,teutamium4 ,a say+ ( 8 01 8,mo/ m5 are wick$40 ,,life ,,( ,,cleobulus4 ,i4 ,cleobulus 0 a native ( ,l9dus1 & ! son ( ,evagoras2 b accord+ to ,duris he 0 a ,c>ian2 o!rs aga9 trace 8 family back to ,h]cules4 ,he is report$ to h be5 em95t = p]sonal /r5g? & beauty1 & to h /udi$ philosophy 9 ,egypt2 he _h a daught] nam$ ,cleobul9a1 :o us$ to compose enigmas 9 hexamet] v]se1 & %e is m5tion$ by ,crat9us 9 8 play ( ! same "n1 except t ! title is writt5 9 ! plural numb]4 ,!y say also t he re/or$ ! temple ( ,m9]va :i* _h be5 built by ,danaus4 ,,ii4 ,cleobulus compos$ songs & obscure say+s 9 v]se to ! numb] ( ?ree ?\s& l9es1 & "s say t x 0 he :o compos$ ! epigram on ,midas4 ,i am a braz5 maid5 ly+ "h ,^u ! tomb ( ,midas4 ,& z long ,z wat] fl[s1 z trees are gre5 ) leaves ,z ! sun %9es & eke ! silv] moon1 ,z long z riv]s fl[1 & bill[s ro>1 ,s long w ,i ^u ?is mu* wept tomb1 ,tell pass]s by1 8,midas lies buri$ "h40 ,& z an evid5ce ( ?is epigram be+ by him !y quote a song ( ,simonides1 :i* runs ?us3-- ,:at m5 possess$ ( s5se ,w\ld ev] praise ! ,l9dian ,cleobulus8 ,:o c\ld comp>e a /atue made by man ,to ev]fl[+ /reams1 ,to blu%+ fl[]s ( spr+1 ,to ! sun's rays1 to beams o' ! gold5 morn1 ,& to ! ceaseless waves ( mighty ,ocean8 ,all ?+s are trifl+ :5 comp>$ to ,god4 ,:ile m5 b5ea? _! h&s c cru% a /one2 ,s t su* s5tim5ts c only come f fools4 ,& ! epigram _c possibly be by ,hom]1 = he liv$ _m ye>s1 z x is said1 be=e ,midas4 ,,iii4 ,!re is also ! foll[+ enigma quot$ 9 ! ,comm5t>ies ( ,pamphila1 z ! "w ( ,cleobulus3-- ,!re 0 "o fa!r & he _h twelve daught]s1 ,ea* ( 8 daught]s _h twice ?irty *ildr54 ,b mo/ unlike 9 figure & complexion2 ,= "s 7 :ite1 & o!rs black to view1 ,& ?\gh immortal !y all ta/e ( dea?4 ,& ! solution is1 8! ye>40 ,,iv4 ,( 8 apoph!gms1 ! foll[+ are ! mo/ celebrat$4 ,ignorance & talkativ5ess be> ! *ief sway among m54 ,opportunity w be ! mo/ p[]ful4 ,*]i% n a ?\ght4 ,d n be fickle1 or ungrateful4 ,he us$ to say too1 t m5 ought to give _! daught]s 9 m>riage :ile !y 7 girls 9 age1 b wom5 9 s5se2 z indicat+ by ?is t girls ought to be well educat$4 ,ano!r ( 8 say+s 01 t "o ought to s]ve a fri5d t he may become a great] fri5d2 & an enemy1 to make him a fri5d4 ,& t "o ought to gu>d aga9/ giv+ "o's fri5ds occasion to blame "o1 & "o's enemies opportunity ( plott+ aga9/ "o4 ,also1 :5 a man goes out ( 8 h\se1 he %\ld consid] :at he is go+ to d3 & :5 he comes home aga9 he %\ld consid] :at he has done4 ,he us$ also to advise m5 to keep _! bodies 9 heal? by ex]cise4--,to be fond ( he>+ r ?an ( talk+4--,to be fond ( le>n+ r ?an unwill+ to le>n4--,to speak well ( p4--,to seek virtue & es*ew vice4--,to avoid inju/ice4--,to give ! be/ advice 9 "o's p[] to "o's c\ntry4--,to be sup]ior to pleasure4--,to d no?+ by =ce4--,to in/ruct "o's *ildr54--,to be ready = reconciliation aft] qu>rels4--,n to c>ess "o's wife1 nor to qu>rel ) h] :5 /rang]s are pres5t1 = t to d ! "o is a sign ( folly1 & to d ! latt] is d[nright madness4--,n to *a/ise a s]vant :ile elat$ ) dr9k1 = s do+ "o w appe> to be drunk "o's self4--,to m>ry f among "o's equals1 = if "o takes a wife ( a high] rank ?an "o's self1 "o w h "o's connexions = "o's ma/]s4--,n to laugh at ^? :o are be+ reprov$1 = s "o w be dete/$ by !m4--,be n haughty :5 prosp]\s4--,be n despond+ :5 9 difficulties4--,le>n to be> ! *anges ( =tune ) magnanimity4 ,v ,& he di$ at a great age1 hav+ liv$ sev5ty ye>s1 & ?is inscription 0 put ov] him3-- ,8 c\ntry1 ,l9dus1 ?is fair sea-girt city ,bewails wise ,cleobulus "h entomb$4 ,,vi4 ,"o ( 8 say+s 01 8,mod]ation is ! be/ ?+40 ,he also wrote a lett] to ,solon 9 ^! t]ms3-- ,,cleobulus ,,to ,,solon4 ,y h _m fri5ds1 & a home ev]y:]e1 b yet ,i ?9k t ,l9dus w be ! mo/ agreeable habitation = ,solon1 s9ce x enjoys a democratic gov]nm5t1 & x is a m>itime isl&1 & :oev] dwells 9 x has no?+ to fe> f ,pisi/ratus1 & y w h fri5ds flock to y f all qu>t]s4 ,,life ,,( ,,p]i&]4 ,i4 ,p]i&] 0 a ,cor9?ian1 ! son ( ,cypselus1 ( ! family ( ! ,h]aclid4 ,he m>ri$ ,lyside 7:om he himself call$ ,melissa71 ! daught] ( ,procles ! tyrant ( ,epidaurus1 & ( ,eri/h5ea ! daught] ( ,ari/ocrates1 & si/] ( ,ari/odemus1 :o gov]n$ ne>ly all ,arcadia1 z ,h]aclides ,ponticus says 9 8 ,treatise on ,dom9ion & _h by h] two sons ,cypselus & ,lycophron1 ! y\ng] ( :om 0 clev] boy1 b ! eld] 0 defici5t 9 intellect4 ,at a subsequ5t p]iod he 9 a rage ei!r kick$ or ?rew 8 wife d[n /airs :5 %e 0 pregnant1 & s kill$ h]1 be+ wr\ght ^u by ! false accusations ( 8 concub9es1 :om he aft]w>ds burnt alive4 ,& ! *ild1 ^: "n 0 ,lycophron1 he s5t away to ,corcyra because he griev$ = 8 "m4 ,,ii4 ,b aft]w>ds1 :5 he 0 n[ extremely old1 he s5t = him back aga91 9 ord] t he might succe$ to ! tyranny4 ,b ! ,corcyreans1 anticipat+ 8 int5tion1 put him to dea?1 at :i* he 0 greatly enrag$1 & s5t _! *ildr5 to ,corcyra to be made eunu*s (2 & :5 ! %ip came ne> to ,samos1 ! y\?s1 hav+ made supplications to ,juno1 7 sav$ by ! ,samians4 ,& he fell into despond5cy & di$1 be+ eighty ye>s old4 ,sosicrates says t he di$ =ty-"o ye>s be=e ,crsus1 9 ! la/ ye> ( ! =ty-eigh? ,olympiad4 ,h]odotus1 9 ! fir/ book ( 8 ,hi/ory1 says t he 0 connect$ by ties ( hospitality ) ,?rasybulus ! tyrant ( ,miletus4 ,& ,ari/ippus1 9 ! fir/ book ( 8 ,treatise on ,anci5t ,luxury1 tells ! foll[+ /ory ( him2 t 8 "m ,cratea fell 9 love ) him1 & introduc$ h]self secretly into 8 b$2 & he 0 delight$2 b :5 ! tru? 0 discov]$ he became v oppressive to all 8 subjects1 because he 0 griev$ at ! discov]y4 ,ephorus relates t he made a v[ t1 if he ga9$ ! victory at ,olympia 9 ! *>iot race1 he w\ld d$icate a gold5 /atue to ! ,god4 ,accord+ly he ga9$ ! victory2 b be+ 9 want ( gold1 & see+ ! wom5 at "s national fe/ival beautifully adorn$1 he took away _! gold5 ornam5ts1 & !n s5t ! (f]+ :i* he _h v[$4 ,,iii4 ,b "s writ]s say t he 0 anxi\s t 8 tomb %\ld n be kn[n1 & t ) t object he adopt$ ! foll[+ contrivance4 ,he ord]$ two "y m5 to g out by night1 indicat+ a p>ticul> road by :i* !y 7 to g1 & to kill ! fir/ man !y met1 & bury him2 aft] !m he s5t out f\r o!r m5 :o 7 to kill & bury !m4 ,aga9 he s5t out a /ill great] numb] aga9/ ^! f\r1 ) simil> in/ructions4 ,& 9 ?is mann] he put himself 9 ! way ( ! fir/ pair1 & 0 sla91 & ! ,cor9?ians erect$ a c5otaph ov] him ) ! foll[+ inscription3-- ,! sea-beat l& ( ,cor9? 9 h] bosom1 ,do? "h embrace h] rul] ,p]i&]1 ,greate/ ( all m5 = 8 weal? & wisdom4 ,we ourselves h also writt5 an epigram ^u him3-- ,grieve n :5 disappo9t$ ( a wi%1 ,b be cont5t ) :at ! ,gods may give y-- ,= ! great ,p]i&] di$ unhappy1 ,at fail+ 9 an object he desir$4 ,,iv4 ,x 0 a say+ ( 8 t we ought n to d any?+ = ! sake ( money2 = t we ought only to acquire su* ga9s z are all[able4 ,he compos$ apoph!gms 9 v]se to ! numb] ( two ?\s& l9es2 & said t ^? :o wi%$ to wield absolute p[] 9 safety1 %\ld be gu>d$ by ! good w ( _! c\ntrym51 & n by arms4 ,& once be+ ask$ :y he assum$ tyrannical p[]1 he repli$1 8,because1 to abdicate x volunt>ily1 & to h x tak5 f "o1 are bo? dang]\s40 ,! foll[+ say+s also belong him3--,tranquillity is a good ?+4--,ra%ness is dang]\s4--,ga9 is disgraceful4--,democracy is bett] ?an tyranny4--,pleasures are transitory1 b hon\r is immortal4--,be mod]ate :5 prosp]\s1 b prud5t :5 un=tunate4--,be ! same to y\r fri5ds :5 !y are prosp]\s1 & :5 !y are un=tunate4--,:atev] y agree to d1 obs]ve4--,d n divulge secrets4--,puni% n only ^? :o d wrong1 b ^? :o int5d to d s4 ,v4 ,?is pr9ce 0 ! fir/ :o _h body-gu>ds1 & :o *ang$ a legitimate p[] into a tyranny2 & he w\ld n all[ any "o :o *ose to live 9 8 city1 z ,euphorus & ,ari/otle tell u4 ,,vi4 ,& he fl\ri%$ ab\t ! ?irty-eigh? ,olympiad1 & enjoy$ absolute p[] = =ty ye>s4 ,b ,sotion1 & ,h]aclides1 & ,pamphila1 9 ! fif? book ( h] ,comm5t>ies1 says t !re 7 two ,p]i&]s2 ! "o a tyrant1 & ! o!r a wise man1 & a native ( ,ambracia4 ,& ,nean!s ( ,cyzicus makes ! same ass]tion1 add+1 t ! two m5 7 c\s9s to "o ano!r4 ,& ,ari/otle says1 t x 0 ! ,cor9?ian ,p]i&] :o 0 ! wise "o2 b ,plato contradicts him4 ,! say+--8,practice does ev]y?+10 is 84 ,he x 01 also1 :o propos$ to cut ?r\gh ! ,i/hmus4 ,,vii4 ,! foll[+ lett] ( 8 is quot$3-- ,,p]i&] ,,to ,,! ,,wise ,,m54 ,i give great ?anks to ,apollo ( ,delphi t my lett]s are able to det]m9e y all to meet toge!r at ,cor9?2 & ,i w receive y all1 z y may be well assur$1 9 a mann] t becomes free citiz5s4 ,i he> also t la/ ye> y met at ,s>dis1 at ! c\rt ( ! ,k+ ( ,lydia4 ,s n[ d n hesitate to come to me1 :o am ! tyrant ( ,cor9?2 = ! ,cor9?ians w all be delight$ to see y come to ! h\se ( ,p]i&]4 ,,viii4 ,!re is ?is lett] too3-- ,,p]i&] ,,to ,,procles4 ,! injury ( my wife 0 un9t5d$ by me2 & y h done wrong 9 ali5at+ f me ! m9d ( my *ild4 ,i desire y1 !re=e1 ei!r to re/ore me to my place 9 8 affections1 or ,i w rev5ge myself on y2 = ,i h myself made atonem5t = ! dea? ( y\r daught]1 by burn+ 9 h] tomb ! clo!s ( all ! ,cor9?ian wom54#af ,,ix4 ,?rasybulus also wrote him a lett] 9 ! foll[+ t]ms3-- ,i h giv5 no answ] to y\r mess5g]2 b hav+ tak5 him into a field1 ,i /ruck ) my walk+-/ick all ! highe/ e>s ( corn1 & cut (f _! tops1 :ile he 0 walk+ ) me4 ,& he w report to y1 if y ask him1 ev]y?+ :i* he he>d or saw :ile ) me2 & d y act accord+ly if y wi% to pres]ve y\r p[] safely1 tak+ (f ! mo/ em95t ( ! citiz5s1 :e!r he seems an enemy to y or n1 z ev5 8 companions are des]v$ly objects ( suspicion to a man possess$ ( supreme p[]4 ,,life ,,( ,,ana*>sis1 ,,! ,,scy?ian4 ,i4 ,ana*>sis ! ,scy?ian 0 ! son ( ,gnurus1 & ! bro!r ( ,caduides ! k+ ( ! ,scy?ians2 b 8 "m 0 a ,grecian woman2 ow+ to :i* circum/ance he und]/ood bo? languages4 ,,ii4 ,he wrote ab\t ! laws exi/+ among ! ,scy?ians1 & also ab\t ^? 9 =ce among ! ,greeks1 urg+ m5 to adopt a temp]ate c\rse ( life2 & he wrote also ab\t w>1 8 works be+ 9 v]se1 & am\nt+ to eight hundr$ l9es4 ,he gave occasion = a prov]b1 because he us$ great fre$om ( spee*1 s t p call$ su* fre$om ! ,scy?ian conv]sation4 ,,iii4 ,b ,sosicrates says t he came to ,a!ns 9 ! =ty-sev5? ,olympiad1 9 ! ar*on%ip ( ,eucrates4 ,& ,h]mippus ass]ts t he came to ,solon's h\se1 & ord]$ "o ( ! s]vants to g & tell 8 ma/] t ,ana*>sis 0 come to visit him1 & 0 desir\s to see him1 &1 if possible1 to ent] into relations ( hospitality ) him4 ,b :5 ! s]vant _h giv5 ! message1 he 0 ord]$ by ,solon to reply him t1 8,m5 g5]ally limit$ su* alliances to _! own c\ntrym540 ,9 reply to ?is ,ana*>sis ent]$ ! h\se1 & told ! s]vant t n[ he 0 9 ,solon's c\ntry1 & t x 0 q consi/5t = !m to become connect$ ) "o ano!r 9 ?is way4 ,on ?is1 ,solon admir$ ! read9ess ( ! man1 & admitt$ him1 & made him "o ( 8 greate/ fri5ds4 ,,iv4 ,b aft] "s "t1 :5 he _h return$ to ,scy?ia1 & %[n a purpose to abrogate ! exi/+ in/itutions ( 8 c\ntry1 be+ exce$+ly e>ne/1 9 8 fondness = ,grecian cu/oms1 he 0 %ot by 8 bro!r :ile he 0 out hunt+1 & s he di$1 say+1 8,t he 0 sav$ on acc\nt ( ! s5se & eloqu5ce :i* he _h br\ght f ,greece1 b sla9 9 consequ5ce ( envy 9 8 own family40 ,"s1 h[ev]1 relate t he 0 sla9 :ile p]=m+ "s ,grecian sacrificatory rites4 ,& we h writt5 ?is epigram on him3-- ,:5 ,ana*>sis to 8 l& return$1 ,8 m9d 0 turn'd1 s t he wi%$ to make ,8 c\ntrym5 all live 9 ,grecian fa%ion-- ,s1 ere 8 words _h well escap$ 8 lips1 ,a w+$ arr[ bore him to ! ,gods4 ,v4 ,he said t a v9e bore ?ree bun*es ( grapes4 ,! fir/ ! bun* ( pleasure2 ! second1 t ( drunk5ness2 ! ?ird1 t ( disgu/4 ,he also said t he m>vell$ t among ! ,greeks1 ^? :o 7 skilful 9 a ?+ cont5d toge!r2 b ^? :o h no su* skill act z judges ( ! conte/4 ,be+ once ask$ h[ a p]son might be made n fond ( dr9k+1 he said1 8,if he always keeps 9 view ! indecor\s actions ( drunk5 m540 ,he us$ also to say1 t he m>vell$ h[ ! ,greeks1 :o make laws aga9/ ^? :o behave ) insol5ce1 hon\r ,a?let because ( _! beat+ "o ano!r4 ,:5 he _h be5 in=m$ t ! sides ( a %ip 7 f\r f+]s ?ick1 he said1 8,t ^? :o sail$ 9 "o 7 remov$ by j t di/ance f dea?40 ,he us$ to say t oil 0 a provocative ( madness1 8because ,a?let1 :5 ano9t$ 9 ! oil1 attack$ "o ano!r ) mad fury40 8,h[ is x10 he us$ to say1 8t ^? :o =bid m5 to speak falsely1 tell lies op5ly 9 _! v9tn]s' %ops80 ,x 0 a say+ ( 81 t he 8m>vell$ :y ! ,greeks1 at ! beg9n+ ( a banquet1 dr9k out ( small cups1 b :5 !y h drunk a good deal1 !n !y turn to l>ge goblets40 ,& ?is inscription is on 8 /atues--8,re/ra9 y\r tongues1 y\r appetites1 & y\r passions40 ,he 0 once ask$ if ! flute 0 kn[n among ! ,scy?ians2 & he said1 8,no1 nor ! v9e ei!r40 ,at ano!r "t1 ! "q 0 put to him1 :i* 0 ! safe/ k9d ( vessel8 & he said1 8,t :i* is br\ght into dock40 ,he said1 too1 t ! /range/ ?+s t he _h se5 among ! ,greeks 01 t 8,!y left ! smoke#ag 9 ! m\nta9s1 & c>ri$ ! wood d[n to _! cities40 ,once1 :5 he 0 ask$1 :i* 7 ! m num]\s1 ! liv+ or ! dead8 he said1 8,"u :i* head d y class ^? :o are at sea40 ,be+ reproa*$ by an ,a!nian = be+ a ,scy?ian1 he said1 8,well1 my c\ntry is a disgrace to me1 b y are a disgrace to y\r c\ntry40 ,:5 he 0 ask$ :at !re 0 among m5 :i* 0 bo? good & bad1 he repli$1 8,! tongue40 ,he us$ to say 8,t x 0 bett] to h "o fri5d ( great value1 ?an _m fri5ds :o 7 good = no?+40 ,ano!r say+ ( 8 01 t 8,! =um 0 an e/abli%$ place = m5 to *eat "o ano!r1 & behave covet\sly40 ,be+ once insult$ by a "y man at a dr9k+ p>ty1 he said1 8,o1 "y man1 if n[ t y are "y y _c be> w9e1 :5 y are old y w h to be> wat]40 ,,vi4 ,( ?+s :i* are ( use 9 life1 he is said to h be5 ! inv5tor ( ! an*or1 & ( ! pott]'s :eel4 ,,vii4 ,! foll[+ lett] ( 8 is extant3-- ,,ana*>sis ,,to ,,cr,,sus ,o k+ ( ! ,lydians1 ,i am come to ! c\ntry ( ! ,greeks1 9 ord] to become acqua9t$ ) _! cu/oms & in/itutions2 b ,i h no ne$ ( gold1 & %all be q cont5t$ if ,i return to ,scy?ia a bett] man ?an ,i left x4 ,h[ev] ,i w come to ,s>dis1 z ,i ?9k x v desirable to become a fri5d ( y\rs4 ,,life ,,( ,,myson4 ,i4 ,myson1 ! son ( ,/rymon1 z ,sosicrates /ates1 quot+ ,h]mippus z 8 au?ority1 a ,*5ean by bir?1 ( "s tan or ,laconian village1 is reckon$ "o ( ! sev5 wise m51 & !y say t 8 fa!r 0 tyrant ( 8 c\ntry4 ,x is said by "s writ]s t1 :5 ,ana*>sis inquir$ if any "o 0 wis] ?an he1 ! prie/ess at ,delphi gave ! answ] :i* has be5 already quot$ 9 ! life ( ,?ales 9 ref]5ce to ,*ilo3-- ,i say t ,myson ! tan sage1 ,! citiz5 ( ,*51 is wis] f> ,9 8 deep m9d ?an y4 ,& t he1 hav+ tak5 a great deal ( tr\ble1 came to ! village1 & f\nd him 9 ! summ] season fitt+ a h&le to a pl\gh1 & he address$ him1 8,o ,myson1 ?is is n n[ ! season = ! pl\gh40 8,inde$10 said he1 8x is a capital season = prep>+ "o20 b o!rs say1 t ! words ( ! oracle are ! ,etean sage1 & !y raise ! "q1 :at ! ^w ,etean means4 ,s ,p>m5ides says1 t x is a bor\gh ( ,laconia1 ( :i* ,myson 0 a native2 b ,sosicrates1 9 8 ,successions says1 t he 0 an ,etean on 8 fa!r's side1 & a ,*5ean by 8 "m's4 ,b ,eu?yphron1 ! son ( ,h]aclides ,ponticus1 says t he 0 a ,cretan1 = t ,etea 0 a city ( ,crete4 ,,ii4 ,& ,anaxilaus says t he 0 an ,arcadian4 ,hipponax also m5tions him1 say+1 8,& ,myson1 :om ,apollo /at$ to be ! mo/ prud5t ( all m540 ,b ,ari/ox5us1 9 8 ,miscellanies1 says t 8 habits 7 n v diff]5t f ^? ( ,timon & ,apemantus1 = t he 0 a misan?rope4 ,& t accord+ly he 0 "o day f\nd 9 ,lac$mon laugh+ by himself 9 a solit>y place1 & :5 "s "o came up to him on a sudd5 & ask$ him :y he laugh$ :5 he 0 by himself1 he said1 8,= t v reason40 ,ari/ox5us also says t he 0 n ?\ght mu* (1 because he 0 n a native ( any city1 b only ( a village1 & t too "o ( no great note2 & accord+ to him1 x is on acc\nt ( ?is obscurity ( 8 t "s p attribute 8 say+s & do+s to ,pisi/ratus ! tyrant1 b he excepts ,plato ! philosoph]1 = he m5tions ,myson 9 8 ,protagoras1 plac+ him among ! wise m5 in/ead ( ,p]i&]4 ,,iii4 ,x us$ to be a common say+ ( 8 t m5 ought n to seek = ?+s 9 words1 b = words 9 ?+s2 = t ?+s are n made on acc\nt ( words1 b t words are put toge!r = ! sake ( ?+s4 ,,iv4 ,he di$ :5 he _h liv$ n9ety-sev5 ye>s4 ,,life ,,( ,,epim5ides4 ,i4 ,epim5ides1 z ,!opompus & _m o!r writ]s tell u1 0 ! son ( a man nam$ ,phdrus1 b "s call him ! son ( ,dosiadas2 & o!rs ( ,ages>*us4 ,he 0 a ,cretan by bir?1 ( ! city ( ,gnossus2 b because he let 8 hair gr[ long1 he did n look l a ,cretan4 ,,ii4 ,he once1 :5 he 0 s5t by 8 fa!r into ! fields to look = a %eep1 turn$ out ( ! road at mid-day & lay d[n 9 a c]ta9 cave & fell asleep1 & slept !re fifty-sev5 ye>s2 & aft] t1 :5 he awoke1 he w5t on look+ = ! %eep1 ?9k+ t he _h be5 tak+ a %ort nap2 b z he c\ld n f9d x he w5t on to ! field & !re he f\nd ev]y?+ *ang$1 & ! e/ate 9 ano!r p]son's possession1 & s he came back aga9 to ! city 9 great p]plexity1 & z he 0 go+ into 8 own h\se he met "s p :o ask$ him :o he 01 until at la/ he f\nd 8 y\ng] bro!r :o _h n[ become an old man1 & f him he le>nt all ! tru?4 ,,iii4 ,& :5 he 0 recogniz$ he 0 consid]$ by ! ,greeks z a p]son especially belov$ by ! ,gods1 on :i* acc\nt :5 ! ,a!nians 7 afflict$ by a plague1 & ! prie/ess at ,delphi enjo9$ !m to purify _! city1 !y s5t a %ip & ,nicias ! son ( ,nic]atus to ,crete1 to invite ,epim5ides to ,a!ns2 & he1 com+ !re 9 ! =ty-six? ,olympiad1 purifi$ ! city & eradicat$ ! plague = t "t2 he took "s black %eep & "s :ite ones & l$ !m up to ! ,areopagus1 & f !nce he let !m :]ev] !y *ose1 hav+ ord]$ ! att5dants to foll[ !m1 & :]ev] any "o ( !m lay d[n !y 7 to sacrifice him to ! ,god :o 0 ! patron ( ! spot1 & s ! evil 0 /ay$2 & ow+ to ?is "o may ev5 n[ f9d 9 ! diff]5t bor\ghs ( ! ,a!nians alt>s )\t names1 :i* are a sort ( memorial ( ! propitiation ( ! ,gods t !n took place4 ,"s said t ! cause ( ! plague 0 ! pollution contract$ by ! city 9 ! matt] ( ,cylon1 & t ,epim5ides po9t$ out to ! ,a!nians h[ to get rid ( x1 & t 9 consequ5ce !y put to dea? two "y m51 ,crat9us & ,ctesibius1 & t ?us ! pe/il5ce 0 put an end to4 ,,iii4 ,& ! ,a!nians pass$ a vote to give him a tal5t & a %ip to convey him back to ,crete1 b he w\ld n accept ! money1 b made a treaty ( fri5d%ip & alliance betwe5 ! ,gnossians & ,a!nians4 ,,iv4 ,& n long aft] he _h return$ home he di$1 z ,phlegon relates 9 8 book on long-liv$ p1 aft] he _h liv$ a hundr$ & fifty-sev5 ye>s2 b z ! ,cretans report he _h liv$ two hundr$ & n9ety-n9e2 b z ,x5ophones ! ,colophonian1 /ates t he _h he>d x report$1 he 0 a hundr$ & fifty-f\r ye>s old :5 he di$4 ,v4 ,he wrote a poem ( five ?\s& v]ses on ! ,g5]ation & ,!ogony ( ! ,curetes & ,corybantes1 & ano!r poem ( six ?\s& five hundr$ v]ses on ! build+ ( ! ,argo & ! exp$ition ( ,jason to ,col*is4 ,,vi4 ,he also wrote a treatise 9 prose on ! ,sacrifices 9 ,crete1 & ! ,cretan ,con/itution1 & on ,m9os & ,rhadaman?us1 occupy+ f\r ?\s& l9es4 ,,vi4 ,likewise he built at ,a!ns ! temple :i* is !re d$icat$ to ! v5]able goddesses1 z ,lobon ! ,augur says 9 8 book on ,poets2 & he is said to h be5 ! fir/ p]son :o purifi$ h\ses & l&s1 & :o built temples4 ,,vii4 ,!re are "s p :o ass]t t he did n sleep = ! l5g? ( "t t has be5 m5tion$ above1 b t he 0 abs5t f 8 c\ntry = a consid]able p]iod1 occupy+ himself ) ! anatomisation & exam9ation ( roots4 ,,viii4 ,a lett] ( 8 is quot$1 address$ to ,solon ! lawgiv]1 9 :i* he discusses ! con/itution :i* ,m9os gave ! ,cretans4 ,b ,demetrius ! ,magnesian1 9 8 treatise on ,poets & ,prose writ]s ( ! same "n z "o ano!r1 attempts to prove t ! lett] is a mod]n "o1 & is n writt5 9 ! ,cretan b 9 ! ,attic dialect1 & ! new ,attic too4 ,,ix4 ,b ,i h also discov]$ ano!r lett] ( 8 :i* runs ?us3-- ,,epim5ides ,,to ,,solon4 ,be ( good *e]1 my fri5d2 = if ,pisi/ratus _h impos$ 8 laws on ! ,a!nians1 !y be+ habituat$ to slav]y & n accu/om$ to good laws previ\sly1 he w\ld h ma9ta9$ 8 dom9ion = ev]1 succe$+ easily 9 enslav+ 8 fell[ c\ntrym52 b z x is1 he is lord+ x ov] m5 :o are no c[>ds1 b :o rememb] ! precepts ( ,solon & are indignant at _! bonds1 & :o w n endure ! supremacy ( a tyrant4 ,b if ,pisi/ratus does possess ! city to-day1 /ill ,i h no expectation t ! supreme p[] w ev] desc5d to 8 *ildr54 ,= x is impossible t m5 :o h liv$ 9 fre$om & 9 ! enjoym5t ( mo/ excell5t laws %\ld be slaves p]man5tly2 b z = y\rself1 d n y g w&]+ ab\t at r&om1 b come & visit me1 = "h !re is no supreme rul] to be =midable to y2 b if :ile y are w&]+ ab\t any ( ! fri5ds ( ,pisi/ratus %\ld fall 9 ) y1 ,i fe> y might suff] "s mis=tune4 ,he !n wrote ?us3-- ,x4 ,b ,demetrius says t "s writ]s report t he us$ to receive food f ! nymphs & keep x 9 a bullock's ho(2 & t eat+ x 9 small quantities he nev] requir$ any evacuations1 & 0 nev] se5 eat+4 ,& ,timu m5tions him 9 8 second book4 ,,xi4 ,"s au?ors say also t ! ,cretans sacrifice to him z a god1 = !y say t he 0 ! wise/ ( m53 & accord+ly1 t :5 he saw ! port ( ,muny*ia1#ah at ,a!ns1 he said t ! ,a!nians did n "k h[ _m evils t place w\ld br+ ^u !m3 s9ce1 if !y did1 !y w\ld te> x to pieces ) _! tee?2 & he said ?is a long "t be=e ! ev5t to :i* he allud$4 ,x is said also1 t he at fir/ call$ himself acus2 & t he =etold to ! ,lac$monians ! defeat :i* !y %\ld suff] f ! ,arcadians2 & t he pret5d$ t he _h liv$ sev]al times4 ,b ,!opompus1 9 8 ,/range ,/ories1 says t :5 he 0 build+ ! temple ( ! ,nymphs1 a voice bur/ =? f heav52--8,oh6 ,epim5ides1 build ?is temple1 n = ! ,nymphs b = ,jupit]40 ,he also =etold to ! ,cretans ! defeat ( ! ,lac$monians by ! ,arcadians1 z has be5 said be=e4 ,&1 inde$1 !y 7 beat5 at ,or*om5os4 ,,xii4 ,he pret5d$ also1 t he grew old rapidly1 9 ! same numb] ( days z he _h be5 ye>s asleep2 at lea/1 s ,!opompus says4 ,b ,mysonianus1 9 8 ,co9cid5ces1 says1 t ! ,cretans call him "o ( ! ,curetes4 ,& ! ,lac$monians pres]ve 8 body among !m1 9 ob$i5ce to "s oracle1 z ,sosibius ! ,lac$monian says4 ,,xiii4 ,!re 7 also two o!r ,epim5ides1 "o ! g5ealogi/2 ! o!r1 ! man :o wrote a hi/ory ( ,rhodes 9 ! ,doric dialect4 ,,life ,,( ,,ph]ecydes4 ,i4 ,ph]ecydes 0 a ,syrian1 ! son ( ,babys1 &1 z ,alex&] says1 9 8 ,successions1 he _h be5 a pupil ( ,pittacus4 ,,ii4 ,!opompus says t he 0 ! fir/ p]son :o ev] wrote among ! ,greeks on ! subject ( ,natural ,philosophy & ! ,gods4 ,& !re are _m m>vell\s /ories told ( him4 ,= x is said t he 0 walk+ along ! sea-%ore at ,samos1 & t see+ a %ip sail+ by ) a fair w9d1 he said t x w\ld soon s9k2 & pres5tly x sank be=e _! eyes4 ,at ano!r "t he 0 dr9k+ "s wat] :i* _h be5 drawn up out ( a well1 & he =etold t )9 ?ree days !re w\ld be an e>?quake2 & !re 0 "o4 ,& z he 0 go+ up to ,olympia1 & _h arriv$ at ,mess5e1 he advis$ 8 ent]ta9]1 ,p]ilaus1 to migrate f ! city ) all 8 family1 b t ,p]ilaus w\ld n be guid$ by him2 & aft]w>ds ,mess5e 0 tak54 ,,iii4 ,& he is said to h told ! ,lac$monians to hon\r nei!r gold nor silv]1 z ,!opompus says 9 8 ,m>vels2 & x is report$ t ,h]cules laid ?is injunction on him 9 a dream1 & t ! same night he appe>$ also to ! k+s ( ,sp>ta1 & enjo9$ !m to be guid$ by ,ph]ecydes2 b "s attribute ^! /ories to ,py?agoras4 ,,iv4 ,& ,h]mippus relates t :5 !re 0 a w> betwe5 ! ,ephesians & ,magnesians1 he1 wi%+ ! ,ephesians to conqu]1 ask$ "s "o1 :o 0 pass+ by1 f :5ce he came8 & :5 he said1 8,f ,ephesus10 8,drag me n[10 said he1 8by ! legs1 & place me 9 ! t]ritory ( ! ,magnesians1 & tell y\r fell[ c\ntrym5 to bury me !re aft] !y h got ! victory20 & t he w5t & report$ t ,ph]ecydes _h giv5 him ?is ord]4 ,& s !y w5t =? ! next day & defeat$ ! ,magnesians2 & z ,ph]ecydes 0 dead1 !y buri$ him !re1 & paid him v spl5did hon\rs4 ,v4 ,b "s writ]s say t he w5t to ,delphi1 & ?rew himself d[n f ! ,corycian hill2 ,ari/ox5us1 9 8 ,hi/ory ( ,py?agoras & 8 ,fri5ds1 says t ,ph]ecydes fell sick & di$1 & 0 buri$ by ,py?agoras 9 ,delos2 ,b o!rs say t he di$ ( ! l\sy disease2 & :5 ,py?agoras came to see him1 & ask$ him h[ he 01 he put 8 f+] ?r\gh ! door1 & said1 8,y may see by my sk940 ,& f ?is circum/ance t expression pass$ into a prov]b among ! philosoph]s1 :5 affairs are go+ on badly2 & ^? :o apply x to affairs t are go+ on well1 make a blund]4 ,he us$ to say1 also1 t ! ,gods call _! table 4 ,,vi4 ,b ,&ron1 ! ,ephesian1 says t !re 7 two m5 ( ! "n ( ,ph]ecydes1 bo? ,syrians3 "o an a/ronom] & ! o!r a writ] on ,god & ! ,div9e ,nature2 & t ?is la/ 0 ! son ( ,babys1 :o 0 also ! ma/] ( ,py?agoras4 ,b ,erato/h5es ass]ts t !re 0 b "o1 :o 0 a ,syrian2 & t ! o!r ,ph]ecydes 0 an ,a!nian1 a g5ealogi/2 & ! "w ( ! ,syrian ,ph]ecydes is pres]v$1 & x beg9s ?us3--8,jupit]1 & ,"t1 & ,*?on exi/$ ext]nally40 ,& ! "n ( ,c?onia became ,tellus1 aft] ,jupit] gave x to h] z a rew>d4 ,a sun-dial is also pres]v$1 9 ! isl& ( ,syra1 ( 8 mak+4 ,,vii4 ,b ,duris1 9 ! second book ( 8 ,b\nd>ies1 says t ?is epigram 0 writt5 ^u him3-- ,! limit ( all wisdom is 9 me2 ,& w\ld be1 7 x l>g]4 ,b report ,to my ,py?agoras t he's ! fir/ ,( all ! m5 t tread ! ,grecian soil2 ,i %all n speak a falsehood1 say+ ?is4 ,& ,ion1 ! ,*ian1 says ( him3-- ,adorn$ ) val\r :ile alive1 & mode/y1 ,n[ t he's dead he /ill exi/s 9 peace2 ,=1 l ! wise ,py?agoras1 he /udi$ ,! mann]s & ! m9ds ( _m nations4 ,& ,i myself h compos$ an epigram on him 9 ! ,ph]ecratean metre3-- ,! /ory is report$1 ,t noble ,ph]ecydes ,:om ,syros calls h] own1 ,0 eat5 up by lice2 ,& s he bade 8 fri5ds1 ,convey 8 corpse away ,to ! ,magnesian l&1 ,t he might victory give ,to holy ,ephesus4 ,= well ! ,god _h said1 7,?\gh he alone did "k ,?' oracul> pr$iction71 ,t ?is 0 fate's decree4 ,s 9 t l& he lies4 ,?is !n is surely true1 ,t ^? :o're really wise ,are useful :ile alive1 ,& e'en :5 brea? has left !m4 ,,viii4 ,& he fl\ri%$ ab\t ! fifty-n9? ,olympiad4 ,!re is a lett] ( 8 extant 9 ! foll[+ t]ms3-- ,,ph]ecydes ,,to ,,?ales4 ,may y die happily :5 fate ov]takes y4 ,disease has seiz$ ^u me at ! same "t t ,i receiv$ y\r lett]4 ,i am all ov] lice1 & suff]+ likewise "u a l[ fev]4 ,accord+ly1 ,i h *>g$ my s]vants to convey ?is book ( m9e to y1 aft] !y h buri$ me4 ,& d y1 if y ?9k fit1 aft] consult+ ) ! o!r wise m51 publi% x2 b if y d n approve ( do+ s1 !n keep x unpubli%$1 = ,i am n entirely pleas$ ) x myself4 ,! subject is n "o ab\t :i* !re is any c]ta9 k1 nor d ,i und]take to say t ,i h arriv$ at ! tru?2 b ,i h advanc$ argum5ts1 f :i* any "o :o occupies himself ) speculations on ! div9e nature1 may make a selection2 & z to o!r po9ts1 he mu/ ex]cise 8 intellect1 = ,i speak obscurely ?r\gh\t4 ,i1 myself1 z ,i am afflict$ m sev]ely by ?is disease e day1 no long] admit any physicians1 or any ( my fri5ds4 ,b :5 !y /& at ! door1 & ask me h[ ,i am1 ,i put out my f+] to !m ?r\gh ! op5+ ( ! door1 & %[ !m h[ ,i am eat5 up ) ! evil2 & ,i desir$ !m to come to-morr[ to ! fun]al ( ,ph]ecydes4 ,^!1 !n1 are !y :o 7 call$ wise m52 to :i* li/ "s writ]s add ! "n ( ,pisi/ratus4 ,b we mu/ also speak ( ! philosoph]s4 ,& we w beg9 fir/ ) ! ,ionic philosophy1 ! f\nd] ( :i* s*ool 0 ,?ales1 :o 0 ! ma/] ( ,anaxim&]4 ,,book ,,ii4 ,,life ,,( ,,anaxim&]4 ,i4 ,anaxim&]1 ! son ( ,praxiadas1 0 a citiz5 ( ,miletus4 ,,ii4 ,he us$ to ass]t t ! pr9ciple & prim>y elem5t ( all ?+s 0 ! ,inf9ity1 giv+ no exact def9ition z to :e!r he meant air or wat]1 or any?+ else4 ,& he said t ! p>ts 7 susceptible ( *ange1 b t ! :ole 0 un*angeable2 & t ! e>? lay 9 ! middle1 be+ plac$ !re z a sort ( c5tre1 ( a sph]ical %ape4 ,! moon1 he said1 _h a borr[$ light1 & borr[$ x f ! sun2 & ! sun he affirm$ to be n less ?an ! e>?1 & ! pure/ possible fire4 ,,iii4 ,he also 0 ! fir/ discov]] ( ! gnomon2 & he plac$ "s 9 ,lac$mon on ! sun-dials !re1 z ,phavor9us says 9 8 ,univ]sal ,hi/ory1 & !y %[$ ! sol/ices & ! equ9oxes2 he also made clocks4 ,he 0 ! fir/ p]son1 too1 :o drew a map ( ! e>? & sea1 & he also made a globe2 & he publi%$ a concise /atem5t ( :atev] op9ions he embrac$ or ent]ta9$2 & ?is treatise 0 met ) by ,apollodorus1 ! ,a!nian4 ,,iv4 ,& ,apollodorus1 9 8 ,*ronicles1 /ates1 t 9 ! second ye> ( ! fifty-eigh? ,olympiad1 he 0 sixty-f\r ye>s old4 ,& soon aft] he di$1 hav+ fl\ri%$ mu* ab\t ! same "t z ,polycrates1 ! tyrant1 ( ,samos4 ,!y say t :5 he sang1 ! *ildr5 laugh$2 & t he1 he>+ ( ?is1 said1 8,we mu/ !n s+ bett] = ! sake ( ! *ildr540 ,v4 ,!re 0 also ano!r ,anaxim&]1 a hi/orian2 & he too 0 a ,milesian1 & wrote 9 ! ,ionic dialect4 ,,life ,,( ,,anaxim5es4 ,i4 ,anaxim5es1 ! son ( ,eury/ratus1 a ,milesian1 0 a pupil ( ,anaxim&]2 b "s say t he 0 also a pupil ( ,p>m5ides4 ,he said t ! pr9ciples ( ev]y?+ 7 ! air1 & ! ,inf9ite2 & t ! />s mov$ n "u ! e>?1 b ar\nd ! e>?4 ,he wrote 9 ! pure unmix$ ,ionian dialect4 ,& he liv$1 accord+ to ! /atem5ts ( ,apollodorus1 9 ! sixty-?ird ,olympiad1 & di$ ab\t ! "t ( ! tak+ ( ,s>dis4 ,,ii4 ,!re 7 also two o!r p]sons ( ! "n ( ,anaxim5es1 bo? citiz5s ( ,lampsacus2 "o an orator & ! o!r a hi/orian1 :o 0 ! son ( ! si/] ( ! orator1 & :o wrote an acc\nt ( ! exploits ( ,alex&]4 ,,iii4 ,& ?is philosoph] wrote ! foll[+ lett]s3-- ,,anaxim5es ,,to ,,py?agoras4 ,?ales1 ! son ( ,euxamias1 has di$ 9 8 old age1 by an un=tunate accid5t4 ,9 ! ev5+1 z he 0 accu/om$ to d1 he w5t =? out ( ! ve/ibule ( 8 h\se ) 8 maid-s]vant1 to obs]ve ! />s3 & 7= he _h =gott5 ! exi/5ce ( ! place7 :ile he 0 look+ up t[>ds ! skies1 he fell d[n a precipit\s place4 ,s n[1 ! a/ronom] ( ,miletus has met ) ?is end4 ,b we :o 7 8 pupils *]i% ! recollection ( ! man1 & s d our *ildr5 & our own pupils3 & we w lecture on 8 pr9ciples4 ,at all ev5ts1 ! beg9n+ ( all wisdom ought to be attribut$ to ,?ales4 ,,iv4 ,& aga9 he writes3-- ,,anaxim5es ,,to ,,py?agoras4 ,y are m prud5t ?an we1 9 t y h migrat$ f ,samos to ,crotona1 & live !re 9 peace4 ,= ! desc5dants ( acus commit unhe>d-( crimes1 & tyrants nev] cease to oppress ! ,milesians4 ,! k+ ( ! ,m$es too is =midable to u3 unless1 inde$1 we *oose to become tribut>y to him4 ,b ! ,ionians are on ! po9t ( engag+ 9 w> ) ! ,m$es 9 ! cause ( univ]sal fre$om4 ,= if we rema9 quiet !re is no long] any hope ( safety = u4 ,h[ !n c ,anaxim5es apply 8 m9d to ! contemplation ( ! skies1 :ile he is 9 p]petual fe> ( dea? or slav]y8 ,b y are belov$ by ! p ( ,crotona1 & by all ! re/ ( ! ,italians2 & pupils flock to y1 ev5 f ,sicily4 ,,life ,,( ,,anaxagoras4 ,i4 ,anaxagoras1 ! son ( ,hegesibulus1 or ,eubulus1 0 a citiz5 ( ,clazom54 ,he 0 a pupil ( ,anaxim5es1 & 0 ! fir/ philosoph] :o attribut$ m9d to matt]1 beg9n+ 8 treatise on ! subject 9 ! foll[+ mann] 7& ! :ole treatise is writt5 9 a mo/ beautiful & magnific5t /yle73 8,all ?+s 7 mix$ up toge!r2 !n ,m9d came & arrang$ !m all 9 di/9ct ord]40 ,on :i* acc\nt he himself got ! same "n ( ,m9d4 ,& ,timon speaks ?us ( him 9 8 ,silli3-- ,!y say too t wise ,anaxagoras ,des]ves immortal fame2 !y call him ,m9d1 ,because1 z he do? tea*1 ,m9d came 9 season1 ,arrang+ all :i* 0 confus'd be=e4 ,,ii4 ,he 0 em95t = 8 noble bir? & = 8 ri*es1 & /ill m s = 8 magnanimity1 inasmu* z he gave up all 8 patrimony to 8 relations2 & be+ blam$ by !m = 8 neglect ( 8 e/ate1 8,:y1 !n10 said he1 8d n y take c>e ( x80 ,& at la/ he ab&on$ x entirely1 & devot$ himself to ! contemplation ( subjects ( natural philosophy1 disreg>d+ politics4 ,s t once :5 "s said to him1 8,y h no affection = y\r c\ntry10 8,be sil5t10 said he1 8= ,i h ! greate/ affection = my c\ntry10 po9t+ up to heav54 ,,iii4 ,x is said1 t at ! "t ( ! passage ( ! ,hellespont by ,x]xes1 he 0 tw5ty ye>s old1 & t he liv$ to ! age ( sev5ty-two4 ,b ,apollodorus1 9 8 ,*ronicles says t he fl\ri%$ 9 ! sev5tie? ,olympiad1 & t he di$ 9 ! fir/ ye> ( ! sev5ty-eigh?4 ,& he began to /udy philosophy at ,a!ns1 9 ! ar*on%ip ( ,callias1 be+ tw5ty ye>s ( age1 z ,demetrius ,phal]eus tells u 9 8 ,catalogue ( ! ,ar*ons1 & !y say t he rema9$ at ,a!ns ?irty ye>s4 ,,iv4 ,he ass]t$ t ! sun 0 a mass ( burn+ iron1 great] ?an ,peloponnesus2 7t "s attribute ?is doctr9e to ,tantalus71 & t ! moon conta9$ h\ses1 & also1 hills & rav9es3 & t ! prim>y elem5ts ( ev]y?+ 7 simil>ities ( p>ts2 = z we say t gold consi/s ( a quantity ( gra9s comb9$ toge!r1 s too is ! univ]se =m$ ( a numb] ( small bodies ( simil> p>ts4 ,he fur!r taught t ,m9d 0 ! pr9ciple ( motion3 & t ( bodies ! heavy ones1 su* z ! e>?1 occupi$ ! l[] situations2 & ! light ones1 su* z fire1 occupi$ ! high] places1 & t ! middle spaces 7 assign$ to wat] & air4 ,& ?us t ! sea re/$ ^u ! e>?1 :i* 0 broad1 ! moi/ure be+ all evaporat$ by ! sun4 ,& he said t ! />s orig9ally mov$ ab\t 9 irregul> confusion1 s t at fir/ ! pole />1 :i* is cont9ually visible1 always appe>$ 9 ! z5i?1 b t aft]w>ds x acquir$ a c]ta9 decl9ation4 ,& t ! milky way 0 a reflection ( ! light ( ! sun :5 ! />s did n appe>4 ,! comets he consid]$ to be a conc\rse ( planets emitt+ rays3 & ! %oot+ />s he ?\ght 7 sp>ks z x 7 leap+ f ! firmam5t4 ,! w9ds he ?\ght 7 caus$ by ! r>ification ( ! atmosph]e1 :i* 0 produc$ by ! sun4 ,?und]1 he said1 0 produc$ by ! collision ( ! cl\ds2 & lightn+ by ! rubb+ toge!r ( ! cl\ds4 ,e>?quakes1 he said1 7 produc$ by ! return ( ! air into ! e>?4 ,all animals he consid]$ 7 orig9ally g5]at$ out ( moi/ure1 & heat1 & e>?y p>ticles3 & subsequ5tly f "o ano!r4 ,& males he consid]$ 7 d]iv$ f ^? on ! "r h&1 & females f ^? on ! left4 ,v4 ,!y say1 also1 t he pr$ict$ a fall ( ! /ones :i* fell ne> gospotami1 & :i* he said w\ld fall f ! sun3 on :i* acc\nt ,euripides1 :o 0 a disciple ( 81 said 9 8 ,phae?on t ! sun 0 a gold5 clod ( e>?4 ,he w5t once to ,olympia wrapp$ 9 a lea!rn cloak z if x 7 go+ to ra92 & x did ra94 ,& !y say t he once repli$ to a man :o ask$ him :e!r ! m\nta9s at ,lampsacus w\ld ev] become sea1 8,yes1 if "t la/s long en\gh40 ,,vi4 ,be+ once ask$ = :at end he _h be5 born1 he said1 8,= ! contemplation ( ! sun1 & moon1 & heav540 ,a man once said to him1 8,y h lo/ ! ,a!nians20 8,no10 said he1 8!y h lo/ me40 ,:5 he beheld ! tomb ( ,mausolus1 he said1 8,a co/ly tomb is an image ( a petrifi$ e/ate40 ,& he com=t$ a man :o 0 griev+ because he 0 dy+ 9 a =eign l&1 by tell+ him1 8,! desc5t to hell is ! same f e place40 ,,vii4 ,he appe>s to h be5 ! fir/ p]son 7accord+ to ! acc\nt giv5 by ,phavor9us 9 8 ,univ]sal ,hi/ory71 :o said t ! ,poem ( ,hom] 0 compos$ 9 praise ( virtue & ju/ice3 & ,metrodorus1 ( ,lampsacus1 :o 0 a fri5d ( 81 adopt$ ?is op9ion1 & advocat$ x en]getically1 & ,metrodorus 0 ! fir/ :o s]i\sly /udi$ ! natural philosophy develop$ 9 ! writ+s ( ! great poet4 ,,viii4 ,anaxagoras 0 also ! fir/ man :o ev] wrote a "w 9 prose2 & ,sil5us1 9 ! fir/ book ( 8 ,hi/ories1 says1 t 9 ! ar*on%ip ( ,lysanias a l>ge /one fell f heav52 & t 9 ref]5ce to ?is ev5t ,anaxagoras said1 t ! :ole heav5 0 compos$ ( /ones1 & t by its rapid revolutions !y 7 all held toge!r2 & :5 ^? revolutions get sl[]1 !y fall d[n4 ,,ix4 ,( 8 trial !re are diff]5t acc\nts giv54 ,= ,sotion1 9 8 ,succession ( ! ,philosoph]s1 says1 t he 0 p]secut$ = impiety by ,cleon1 because he said t ! sun 0 a fi]y ball ( iron4 ,& ?\gh ,p]icles1 :o _h be5 8 pupil1 def5d$ him1 he 01 nev]!less1 f9$ five tal5ts & bani%$4 ,b ,satyrus1 9 8 ,lives1 says t x 0 ,?ucydides by :om he 0 impea*$1 z ,?ucydides 0 ( ! opposite p>ty to ,p]icles2 & t he 0 prosecut$ n only = impiety1 b also = ,m$ism2 & t he 0 condemn$ to dea? 9 8 abs5ce4 ,& :5 news 0 br\ght him ( two mis=tunes--8 condemnation1 & ! dea? ( 8 *ildr52 conc]n+ ! condemnation he said1 8,nature has long s9ce condemn$ bo? !m & me40 ,b ab\t 8 *ildr51 he said1 8,i knew t ,i _h become ! fa!r ( mortals40 ,"s1 h[ev]1 attribute ?is say+ to ,solon1 & o!rs to ,x5ophon4 ,& ,demetrius ,phal]eus1 9 8 treatise on ,old ,age1 says t ,anaxagoras buri$ !m ) 8 own h&s4 ,b ,h]mippus1 9 8 ,lives1 says t he 0 ?r[n into prison = ! purpose ( be+ put to dea?3 b t ,p]icles came =w>d & inquir$ if any "o br\ght any accusation aga9/ him respect+ 8 c\rse ( life4 ,& z no "o alleg$ any?+ aga9/ him3 8,i !n10 said he1 8am 8 disciple3 d n y !n be l$ away by calumnies to put ?is man to dea?2 b be guid$ by me1 & release him40 ,& he 0 releas$4 ,b1 z he 0 indignant at ! insult :i* _h be5 (f]$ to him1 he left ! city4 ,b ,hi]onymus1 9 ! second book ( 8 ,miscellane\s ,comm5t>ies1 says t ,p]icles produc$ him be=e ! c\rt1 tott]+ & emaciat$ by disease1 s t he 0 releas$ r out ( pity1 ?an by any delib]ate decision on ! m]its ( 8 case4 ,& ?us mu* may be said ab\t 8 trial4 ,"s p h fanci$ t he 0 v ho/ile to ,democritus1 because he did n succe$ 9 gett+ admission to him = ! purposes ( conv]sation4 ,x4 ,& at la/1 hav+ gone to ,lampsacus1 he di$ 9 t city4 ,& x is said1 t :5 ! gov]nors ( ! city ask$ him :at he w\ld l to h done = him1 he repli$1 8,t !y w\ld all[ ! *ildr5 to play e ye> dur+ ! mon? 9 :i* he di$40 ,& ?is cu/om is kept up ev5 n[4 ,& :5 he 0 dead1 ! citiz5s ( ,lampsacus buri$ him ) great hon\rs1 & wrote ?is epitaph on him3-- ,"h ,anaxagoras lies1 :o rea*$ ( tru? ,! f>!/ b\nds 9 heav5ly speculations4 ,we ourselves also h writt5 an epigram on him3-- ,wise ,anaxagoras did call ! sun ,a mass ( gl[+ iron2 & = ?is ,dea? 0 to be 8 fate4 ,b ,p]icles ,!n sav$ 8 fri5d2 b aft]w>ds he di$ ,a victim ( a weak philosophy4 ,,xi4 ,!re 7 also ?ree o!r p ( ! "n ( ,anaxagoras2 none ( :om comb9$ all k9ds ( k2 ,b "o 0 an orator & a pupil ( ,isocrates2 ano!r 0 a /atu>y1 :o is m5tion$ by ,antigonus2 ano!r is a gramm>ian1 a pupil ( ,z5odotus4 ,,life ,,( ,,ar*elaus4 ,i4 ,ar*elaus 0 a citiz5 ( ei!r ,a!ns or ,miletus1 & 8 fa!r's "n 0 ,apollodorus2 b1 z "s say1 ,mydon4 ,he 0 a pupil ( ,anaxagoras1 & ! ma/] ( ,socrates4 ,,ii4 ,he 0 ! fir/ p]son :o import$ ! /udy ( natural philosophy f ,ionia to ,a!ns1 & he 0 call$ ! ,natural ,philosoph]1 because natural philosophy t]m9at$ ) him1 z ,socrates introduc$ e?ical philosophy4 ,& x seems probable t ,ar*elaus too m$dl$ 9 "s degree ) moral philosophy2 = 9 8 philosophical speculations he discuss$ laws & :at 0 hon\rable & j4 ,& ,socrates borr[$ f him2 & because he enl>g$ 8 pr9ciples1 he 0 ?\ght to be ! inv5tor ( !m4 ,,iii4 ,he us$ to say t !re 7 two prim>y causes ( g5]ation1 heat & cold2 & t all animals 7 g5]at$ out ( mud3 & t :at are acc\nt$ j & disgraceful are n s by nature1 b only by law4 ,& 8 reason+ proce$s 9 ?is way4 ,he says1 t wat] be+ melt$ by heat1 :5 x is submitt$ to ! action ( fire1 by :i* x is solidifi$1 becomes e>?2 & :5 x is liquefi$1 becomes air4 ,&1 !re=e1 ! e>? is surr\nd$ by air & influ5c$ by x1 & s is ! air by ! revolutions ( fire4 ,& he says t animals are g5]at$ out ( hot e>?1 :i* s5ds up a ?ick mud some?+ l milk = _! food4 ,s too he says t x produc$ m54 ,& he 0 ! fir/ p]son :o said t s\nd is produc$ by ! p]cussion ( ! air2 & t ! sea is filt]$ 9 ! holl[s ( ! e>? 9 its passage1 & s is cond5s$2 & t ! sun is ! greate/ ( ! />s1 & t ! univ]se is b\ndless4 ,,iv4 ,b !re 7 ?ree o!r p ( ! "n ( ,ar*elaus3 "o1 a geograph]1 :o describ$ ! c\ntries trav]s$ by ,alex&]2 ! second1 a man :o wrote a poem on objects :i* h two natures2 & ! ?ird1 an orator1 :o wrote a book conta9+ ! precepts ( 8 art4 ,,life ,,( ,,socrates4 ,i4 ,socrates 0 ! son ( ,sophroniscus1 a /atu>y1 & ( ,phn>ete1 a midwife2 z ,plato records 9 8 ,!tetus1 he 0 a citiz5 ( ,a!ns1 ( ! bor\gh ( ,alopece4 ,,ii4 ,"s p believ$ t he assi/$ ,euripides 9 8 poems2 9 ref]5ce to :i* idea1 ,mnesima*us speaks z foll[s3-- ,! ,phrygians are a new play ( ,euripides1 ,b ,socrates has laid ! ma9 f\ndation4#ai ,& aga9 he says3-- ,euripides3 pat*$ up by ,socrates4 ,& ,callias1 9 8 ,captives1 says3-- ,a4 ,are y s pr\d1 giv+ y\rself su* airs8 ,b4 ,& well ,i may1 = ,socrates is ! cause4 ,& ,ari/ophanes says1 9 8 ,cl\ds3-- ,?is is ,euripides1 :o do? compose ,^? argum5tative wise trag$ies4 ,,iii4 ,b1 hav+ be5 a pupil ( ,anaxagoras1 z "s p say1 b ( ,damon z ! o!r /ory goes1 relat$ by ,alex&] 9 8 ,successions1 aft] ! condemnation ( ,anaxagoras1 he became a disciple ( ,ar*elaus1 ! natural philosoph]4 ,&1 inde$1 ,ari/ox5us says t he 0 v intimate ) him4 ,,iv4 ,b ,duris says t he 0 a slave1 & employ$ 9 c>v+ /ones4 ,& "s say t ! ,graces 9 ! ,acropolis are 8 "w2 & !y are clo!d figures4 ,& t x is 9 ref]5ce to ?is t ,timon says1 9 8 ,silli3-- ,f !m proce$$ ! /one poli%]1 ,! reason+ legislator1 ! en*ant] ,( all ! ,greeks1 mak+ !m subtle argu]s1 ,a cunn+ p$ant1 a %rewd ,attic quibbl]4 ,v4 ,= he 0 v clev] 9 all rhetorical ex]cises1 z ,idom5eus also assures u4 ,b ! ?irty tyrants =bade him to give lessons 9 ! art ( speak+ & argu+1 z ,x5ophon tells u4 ,& ,ari/ophanes turns him into ridicule 9 8 ,com$ies1 z mak+ ! worse appe> ! bett] reason4 ,= he 0 ! fir/ man1 z ,phavor9us says 9 8 ,univ]sal ,hi/ory1 :o1 9 conjunction ) 8 disciple s*9es1 taught m5 h[ to become orators4 ,& ,idom5eus makes ! same ass]tion 9 8 essay on ! ,socratic ,s*ool4 ,he1 likewise1 0 ! fir/ p]son :o conv]s$ ab\t human life2 & 0 also ! fir/ philosoph] :o 0 condemn$ to dea? & execut$4 ,& ,ari/ox5us1 ! son ( ,sp9?>as1 says t he l5t money 9 usury2 & t he collect$ ! int]e/ & pr9cipal toge!r1 & !n1 :5 he _h got ! int]e/1 he l5t x out aga94 ,& ,demetrius1 ( ,byzantium1 says t x 0 ,criton :o made him leave 8 work%op & in/ruct m51 out ( ! admiration :i* he conceiv$ = 8 abilities4 ,,vi4 ,he !n1 p]ceiv+ t natural philosophy _h no imm$iate be>+ on our int]e/s1 began to ent] ^u moral speculations1 bo? 9 8 work%op & 9 ! m>ket-place4 ,& he said t ! objects ( 8 se>* 7-- ,:atev] good or h>m c man befall ,9 8 own h\se4 ,& v (t51 :ile argu+ & discuss+ po9ts t arose1 he 0 treat$ ) great viol5ce & beat51 & pull$ ab\t1 & laugh$ at & ridicul$ by ! multitude4 ,b he bore all ?is ) great equanimity4 ,s t once1 :5 he _h be5 kick$ & buffet$ ab\t1 & _h borne x all pati5tly1 & "s "o express$ 8 surprise1 he said1 8,suppose an ass _h kick$ me1 w\ld y h _h me br+ an action aga9/ him80 ,& ?is is ! acc\nt ( ,demetrius4 ,,vii4 ,b he _h no ne$ ( travell+ 7?\gh mo/ philosoph]s did travel71 except :5 he 0 b\nd to s]ve 9 ! army4 ,b all ! re/ ( 8 life he rema9$ 9 ! same place1 & 9 an argum5tative _s he us$ to dispute ) all :o w\ld conv]se ) him1 n ) ! purpose ( tak+ away _! op9ions f !m1 s mu* z ( le>n+ ! tru?1 z f> z he c\ld d s1 himself4 ,& !y say t ,euripides gave him a small "w ( ,h]aclitus to read1 & ask$ him aft]w>ds :at he ?\ght ( x1 & he repli$1 8,:at ,i h und]/ood is good2 & s1 ,i ?9k1 :at ,i h n und]/ood is2 only ! book requires a ,delian div] to get at ! mean+ ( x40 ,he paid great att5tion also to ! tra9+ ( ! body1 & 0 always 9 excell5t condition himself4 ,accord+ly1 he jo9$ 9 ! exp$ition to ,amphipolis1 & he x 0 :o took up & sav$ ,x5ophon 9 ! battle ( ,delium1 :5 he _h fall5 f 8 horse2 = :5 all ! ,a!nians _h fl$1 he retreat$ quietly1 turn+ r\nd sl[ly1 & wat*+ to repel any "o :o attack$ him4 ,he also jo9$ 9 ! exp$ition to ,potida1 :i* 0 und]tak5 by sea2 = x 0 impossible to get !re by l&1 z ! w> imp$$ ! communication4 ,& !y say t on ?is occasion he rema9$ ! :ole night 9 "o place2 & t ?\gh he _h des]v$ ! prize ( pre-em95t val\r1 he yield$ x to ,alcibiades1 to :om ,ari/ippus1 9 ! f\r? book ( 8 treatise on ! ,luxury ( ! ,anci5ts1 says t he 0 greatly atta*$4 ,b ,ion1 ( ,*ios1 says1 t :ile he 0 a v "y man he left ,a!ns1 & w5t to ,samos ) ,ar*elaus4 ,& ,ari/otle says1 t he w5t to ,delphi2 & ,phavor9us also1 9 ! fir/ book ( 8 ,comm5t>ies1 says t he w5t to ! ,i/hmus4 ,,viii4 ,he 0 a man ( great firmness ( m9d1 & v mu* atta*$ to ! democracy1 z 0 pla9 f 8 n submitt+ to ,critias1 :5 he ord]$ him to br+ ,leon ( ,salamis1 a v ri* man1 be=e ! ?irty1 = ! purpose ( be+ murd]$4 ,& he alone vot$ = ! acquittal ( ! t5 g5]als2#bj & :5 x 0 9 8 p[] to escape out ( prison he w\ld n d x2 & he reprov$ ^? :o bewail$ 8 fate1 & ev5 :ile 9 prison1 he deliv]$ ^? beautiful disc\rses :i* we /ill possess4 ,,ix4 ,he 0 a cont5t$ & v5]able man4 ,& once1 z ,pamphila says1 9 ! sev5? book ( h] ,comm5t>ies1 :5 ,alcibiades (f]$ him a l>ge piece ( gr\nd to build a h\se ^u1 he said1 8,b if ,i want$ %oes1 & y _h giv5 me a piece ( lea!r to make myself %oes1 ,i %\ld be laugh$ at if ,i took x40 ,& (t51 :5 he beheld ! multitude ( ?+s :i* 7 be+ sold1 he w\ld say to himself1 8,h[ _m ?+s are !re :i* ,i d n want40 ,& he 0 cont9ually repeat+ ^! iambics3-- ,= silv] plate & purple useful are ,= actors on ! /age1 b n = m54 ,& he %[$ 8 scorn ( ,ar*elaus ! ,mac$onian1 & ,scopas ! ,cranonian1 & ,eurylo*us ( ,l>issa1 :5 he refus$ to accept _! money1 & to g & visit !m4 ,& he 0 s regul> 9 8 way ( liv+1 t x happ5$ m ?an once :5 !re 0 a plague at ,a!ns1 t he 0 ! only p]son :o did n cat* x4 ,x4 ,ari/otle says1 t he _h two wives4 ,! fir/ 0 ,xan?ippe1 by :om he _h a son nam$ ,lamprocles2 ! second 0 ,myrto1 ! daught] ( ,ari/ides ! ,j2 & he took h] )\t any d[ry1 & by h] he _h two sons1 ,sophroniscus & ,m5ex5us4 ,b "s say t ,myrto 0 8 fir/ wife4 ,& "s1 among :om are ,satyrus1 & ,hi]onymus1 ( ,rhodes1 say t he _h !m bo? at ! same "t4 ,= !y say t ! ,a!nians1 on acc\nt ( ! sc>city ( m51 pass$ a vote1 ) ! view ( increas+ ! population1 t a man might m>ry "o citiz51 & might also h *ildr5 by ano!r :o %\ld be legitimate2 on :i* acc\nt ,socrates did s4 ,,xi4 ,& he 0 a man able to look d[n ^u any :o mock$ him4 ,& he prid$ himself ^u ! simplicity ( 8 way ( life2 & nev] exact$ any pay f 8 pupils4 ,& he us$ to say1 t ! man :o ate ) ! greate/ appetite1 _h ! lea/ ne$ ( delicacies2 & t he :o drank ) ! greate/ appetite1 0 ! lea/ incl9$ to look = a draught :i* is n at h&2 & t ^? :o want fewe/ ?+s are ne>e/ to ! ,gods4 ,& ?us mu*1 inde$1 "o may le>n f ! comic poets2 :o1 )\t p]ceiv+ x1 praise him 9 ! v matt]s = :i* !y ridicule him4 ,ari/ophanes speaks ?us3-- ,prud5t man1 :o ?us ) ju/ice long = mighty wisdom1 ,happ9ess w be y\r lot 9 ,a!ns1 & all ,greece too2 ,= y've a noble memory1 & pl5ty ( inv5tion1 ,& pati5ce dwells )9 y\r m9d1 & y are nev] tir$1 ,:e!r y're /&+ /ill or walk+2 & y c>e n = cold1 ,nor d y long = breakfa/ "t1 nor e'er give 9 to hung]2 ,b w9e & gluttony y %un1 & all su* k9d ( follies4 ,& ,ameipsias introduces him on ! /age 9 a cloak1 & speaks ?us ( him3-- ,o ,socrates1 among few m5 ! be/1 ,& among _m va9e/2 "h at la/ ,y come to u c\rage\sly--b :]e1 ,:]e did y get t cloak8 s /range a g>m5t1 ,"s lea!r cutt] mu/ h giv5 y ,by way ( joke3 & yet ?is wor?y man1 ,?\gh ne'er s hungry1 nev] flatt]s any "o4 ,ari/ophanes too1 exposes 8 contemptu\s & arrogant disposition1 speak+ ?us3-- ,y /rut along ! /reets1 & look ar\nd y pr\dly1 ,& b>efoot _m ills endure1 & hold y\r head above u4 ,& yet1 sometimes he adapt$ himself to ! occasion & dress$ h&somely4 ,z1 = in/ance1 9 ! banquet ( ,plato1 :]e he is repres5t$ z go+ to f9d ,aga?on4 ,,xii4 ,he 0 a man ( great ability1 bo? 9 exhort+ m5 to1 & dissuad+ !m f1 any c\rse2 z1 = in/ance hav+ disc\rs$ ) ,!tetus on ! subject ( k1 he s5t him away almo/ inspir$1 z ,plato says4 ,& :5 ,eu?yphron _h comm5c$ a prosecution aga9/ 8 fa!r = hav+ kill$ a =eign]1 he conv]s$ ) him on ! subject ( piety1 & turn$ him f 8 purpose3 & by 8 exhortations he made ,lysis a mo/ moral man4 ,= he 0 v +5i\s at d]iv+ argum5ts f exi/+ circum/ances4 ,& s he mollifi$ 8 son ,lamprocles :5 he 0 v angry ) 8 "m1 z ,x5ophon m5tions some:]e 9 8 works2 & he wr\ght ^u ,glaucon1 ! bro!r ( ,plato1 :o 0 desir\s to m$dle ) affairs ( /ate1 & induc$ him to ab&on 8 purpose1 because ( 8 want ( exp]i5ce 9 su* matt]s1 z ,x5ophon relates4 ,&1 on ! contr>y1 he p]suad$ ,*>midas to devote himself to politics1 because he 0 a man v well calculat$ = su* bus9ess4 ,he also inspir$ ,iphicrates1 ! g5]al1 ) c\rage1 by %[+ him ! gamecocks ( ,midias ! b>b]1 plum+ !mselves aga9/ ^? ( ,callias2 & ,glauconides said1 t ! /ate ought to keep him c>efully1 z if he 7 a pheasant or a peacock4 ,he us$ also to say1 t x 0 a /range ?+ t e "o c\ld easily tell :at prop]ty he _h1 b 0 n able to "n all 8 fri5ds1 or ev5 to tell _! numb]2 s c>eless 7 m5 on t subject4 ,once :5 he saw ,euclid exce$+ly anxi\s ab\t "s dialectic argum5ts1 he said to him1 8,o ,euclid1 y w acquire a p[] ( manag+ sophi/s1 b n ( gov]n+ m540 ,= he ?\ght t subtle hair-splitt+ on ^? subjects 0 q useless2 z ,plato also records 9 ! ,eu?ydemus4 ,,xiii4 ,& :5 ,*>midas (f]$ him "s slaves1 ) ! view to 8 mak+ a pr(it ( !m1 he w\ld n h !m2 &1 z "s p say1 he paid no reg>d to ! beauty ( ,alcibiades4 ,,xiv4 ,he us$ to praise leisure z ! mo/ valuable ( possessions1 z ,x5ophon tells u 9 8 ,banquet4 ,& x 0 a say+ ( 8 t !re 0 "o only good1 namely1 k2 & "o only evil1 namely1 ignorance2 t ri*es & high bir? _h no?+ e/imable 9 !m1 b t1 on ! contr>y1 !y 7 :olly evil4 ,accord+ly1 :5 "s "o told him t ! "m ( ,anti/h5es 0 a ,?racian woman1 8,did y suppose10 said he1 8t s noble a man mu/ be born ( two ,a!nians80 ,& :5 ,phd 0 r$uc$ to a /ate ( slav]y1 he ord]$ ,crito to ransom him1 & taught him1 & made him a philosoph]4 ,,xv4 ,&1 moreov]1 he us$ to le>n to play on ! lyre :5 he _h "t1 say+1 t x 0 n absurd to le>n any?+ t "o did n "k2 & fur!r1 he us$ frequ5tly to dance1 ?9k+ su* an ex]cise good = ! heal? ( ! body1 z ,x5ophon relates 9 8 ,banquet4 ,,xvi4 ,he us$ also to say t ! dmon =etold ! future to him2#ba & t to beg9 well 0 n a trifl+ ?+1 b yet n f> f a trifl+ ?+2 & t he knew no?+1 except ! fact ( 8 ignorance4 ,ano!r say+ ( 8 01 t ^? :o b\ght ?+s out ( season1 at an extravagant price1 expect$ nev] to live till ! prop] season = !m4 ,once1 :5 he 0 ask$ :at 0 ! virtue ( a "y man1 he said1 8,to avoid excess 9 ev]y?+40 ,& he us$ to say1 t x 0 necess>y to le>n geometry only s f> z might enable a man to measure l& = ! purposes ( buy+ & sell+4 ,& :5 ,euripides1 9 8 ,auge1 _h spok5 ?us ( virtue3-- ',tis be/ to leave ^! subjects undi/urb$2 he rose up & left ! !atre1 say+ t x 0 an absurdity to ?9k x "r to seek = a slave if "o c\ld n f9d him1 b to let virtue be altoge!r disreg>d$4 ,! "q 0 once put to him by a man :e!r he w\ld advise him to m>ry or n8 ,& he repli$1 8,:i*ev] y d1 y w rep5t x40 ,he (t5 said1 t he wond]$ at ^? :o made /one /atues1 :5 he saw h[ c>eful !y 7 t ! /one %\ld be l ! man x 0 int5d$ to repres5t1 b h[ c>eless !y 7 ( !mselves1 z to gu>d+ aga9/ be+ l ! /one4 ,he us$ also to recomm5d "y m5 to be con/antly look+ 9 ! glass1 9 ord] t1 if !y 7 h&some1 !y might be wor?y ( _! beauty2 & if !y 7 ugly1 !y might conceal _! unsightly appe>ance by _! accompli%m5ts4 ,he once invit$ "s ri* m5 to d9n]1 & :5 ,xan?ippe 0 a%am$ ( _! insuffici5t appo9tm5ts1 he said1 8,be ( good *e]2 = if our gue/s are s5sible m51 !y w be> ) u2 & if !y are n1 we ne$ n c>e ab\t !m40 ,he us$ to say1 8,t o!r m5 liv$ to eat1 b t he ate to live40 ,ano!r say+ ( 8 01 8,t to h a reg>d = ! wor?less multitude1 0 l ! case ( a man :o refus$ to take "o piece ( money ( f\r dra*mas z if x 7 bad1 & !n took a heap ( su* co9s & admitt$ !m to be good40 ,:5 s*9es said1 8,i am a poor man1 & h no?+ else1 b ,i give y myself20 8,d y n10 he repli$1 8p]ceive t y are giv+ me :at is ( ! greate/ value80 ,he said to "s "o1 :o 0 express+ indignation at be+ ov]look$ :5 ! ?irty _h seiz$ on ! supreme p[]1 8,d y1 !n1 rep5t ( n be+ a tyrant too80 ,a man said to him1 8,! ,a!nians h condemn$ y to dea?40 8,& nature10 he repli$1 8has condemn$ !m40 ,b "s attribute ?is answ] to ,anaxagoras4 ,:5 8 wife said to him1 8,y die undes]v$ly40 8,w\ld y1 !n10 he rejo9$1 8h _h me des]ve dea?80 ,he ?\ght once t "s "o appe>$ to him 9 a dream1 & said3-- ,on ! ?ird day y'll come to lovely ,ph?ia4 ,& s he said to s*9es1 8,9 ?ree days ,i %all die40 ,& :5 he 0 ab\t to dr9k ! hemlock1 ,apollodorus pres5t$ him ) a h&some robe1 t he might expire 9 x2 & he said1 8,:y 0 my own dress good en\gh to live 91 & n good en\gh to die 980 ,:5 a p]son said to him1 8,su* an "o speaks ill ( y20 8,to be sure10 said he1 8= he has nev] le>nt to speak well40 ,:5 ,anti/h5es turn$ ! ragg$ side ( 8 cloak to ! light1 he said1 8,i see y\r silly vanity ?r\gh ! holes 9 y\r cloak40 ,:5 "s "o said to him1 8,does n t man abuse y80 8,no10 said he1 8= t does n apply to me40 ,x 0 a say+ ( 81 too1 8,t x is a good ?+ = a man to (f] himself *e]fully to ! attacks ( ! comic writ]s2 = !n1 if !y say any?+ wor? he>+1 "o w be able to m5d2 & if !y d n1 !n all !y say is unimportant40 ,,xvii4 ,he said once to ,xan?ippe1 :o fir/ abus$ him & !n ?rew wat] at him1 8,did ,i n say t ,xan?ippe 0 ?und]+ n[1 & w\ld soon ra980 ,:5 ,alcibiades said to him1 8,! abusive temp] ( ,xan?ippe is intol]able20 8,b ,i10 he rejo9$1 8am us$ to x1 j z ,i %\ld be if ,i 7 always he>+ ! noise ( a pulley2 & y y\rself endure to he> geese cackl+40 ,to :i* ,alcibiades answ]$1 8,yes1 b !y br+ me eggs & gosl+s40 8,well10 rejo9$ ,socrates1 8& ,xan?ippe br+s me *ildr540 ,once1 %e attack$ him 9 ! m>ket-place1 & tore 8 cloak (f2 8 fri5ds advis$ him to keep h] (f ) 8 h&s2 8,yes1 by ,jove10 said he1 8t :ile we are box+ y may all cry out1 #8,well done1 ,socrates1 well done1 ,xan?ippe4'0 ,& he us$ to say1 t "o ought to live ) a re/ive woman1 j z horsem5 manage viol5t-temp]$ horses2 8& z !y10 said he1 8:5 !y h once ma/]$ !m1 are easily able to manage all o!rs2 s ,i1 aft] manag+ ,xan?ippe1 c easily live ) any "o else :atev]40 ,,xviii4 ,& x 0 9 consequ5ce ( su* say+s & actions z ^!1 t ! prie/ess at ,delphi 0 witness 9 8 fav\r1 :5 %e gave ,*rephon ?is answ]1 :i* is s univ]sally kn[n3-- ,socrates ( all mortals is ! wise/4 ,9 consequ5ce ( :i* answ]1 he incurr$ great envy2 & he br\ght envy also on himself1 by convict+ m5 :o gave !mselves airs ( folly & ignorance1 z und\bt$ly he did to ,anytus2 & z is %[n 9 ,plato's ,m5o4 ,= he1 n be+ able to be> ,socrates' je/+1 fir/ ( all set ,ari/ophanes to attack him1 & !n p]suad$ ,meletus to in/itute a prosecution aga9/ him1 on ! gr\nd ( impiety & ( corrupt+ ! y\? ( ! city4 ,accord+ly ,meletus did in/itute ! prosecution2 & ,polyeuctus pron\nc$ ! s5t5ce1 z ,phavor9us records 9 8 ,univ]sal ,hi/ory4 ,& ,polycrates1 ! sophi/1 wrote ! spee* :i* 0 deliv]$1 z ,h]mippus says1 n ,anytus1 z o!rs say4 ,& ,lycon1 ! demagogue1 prep>$ ev]y?+ necess>y to support ! impea*m5t2 b ,anti/h5es 9 8 ,successions ( ! ,philosoph]s1 & ,plato 9 8 ,apology1 say t ^! m5 br\ght ! accusation3--,anytus1 & ,lycon1 & ,meletus2 ,anytus1 act+ aga9/ him on behalf ( ! magi/rates1 & because ( 8 political pr9ciples2 ,lycon1 on behalf ( ! orators2 & ,meletus on behalf ( ! poets1 all ( :om ,socrates us$ to pull to pieces4 ,b ,phavor9us1 9 ! fir/ book ( 8 ,comm5t>ies1 says1 t ! spee* ( ,polycrates aga9/ ,socrates is n ! g5u9e "o2 = 9 x !re is m5tion made ( ! walls hav+ be5 re/or$ by ,conon1 :i* took place six ye>s aft] ! dea? ( ,socrates2 & c]ta9ly ?is is true4 ,,xix4 ,b ! sworn in=mations1 on :i* ! trial proce$$1 7 drawn up 9 ?is fa%ion2 = !y are pres]v$ to ?is day1 says ,phavor9us1 9 ! temple ( ,cybele3--8,meletus1 ! son ( ,meletus1 ( ,pi?us1 impea*es ,socrates1 ! son ( ,sophroniscus1 ( ,alopece3 ,socrates is guilty1 inasmu* z he does n believe 9 ! ,gods :om ! city wor%ips1 b introduces o!r /range deities2 he is also guilty1 inasmu* z he corrupts ! "y m51 & ! puni%m5t he has incurr$ is dea?40 ,,xx4 ,b ! philosoph]1 aft] ,lysias _h prep>$ a def5ce = him1 read x ?r\gh1 & said--8,x is a v f9e spee*1 ,lysias1 b is n suitable = me2 = x 0 manife/ly ! spee* ( a lawy]1 r ?an ( a philosoph]40 ,& :5 ,lysias repli$1 8,h[ is x possible1 t if x is a good spee*1 x %\ld n be suitable to y80 he said1 8,j z f9e clo!s & h&some %oes w\ld n be suitable to me40 ,& :5 ! trial 0 proce$+1 ,ju/us1 ( ,tib]ias1 9 8 ,g>l&1 says t ,plato asc5d$ ! tribune & said1 8,i1 m5 ( ,a!ns1 be+ ! y\nge/ ( all ^? :o h m\nt$ ! tribune '''0 & t he 0 int]rupt$ by ! judges1 :o cri$ out 1 t is to say1 #8,come d[n4' ,,xxi4 ,s :5 he _h be5 condemn$ by two hundr$ & eighty-"o votes1 be+ six m ?an 7 giv5 9 8 fav\r1 & :5 ! judges 7 mak+ an e/imate ( :at puni%m5t or f9e %\ld be inflict$ on him1 he said t he ought to be f9$ five & tw5ty dra*mas2 b ,eubulides says t he admitt$ t he des]v$ a f9e ( "o hundr$4 ,& :5 ! judges rais$ an outcry at ?is proposition1 he said1 8,my real op9ion is1 t z a return = :at has be5 done by me1 ,i des]ve a ma9t5ance 9 ! ,prytaneum = ! re/ ( my life40 ,s !y condemn$ him to dea?1 by eighty votes m ?an !y _h orig9ally f\nd him guilty4 ,& he 0 put into prison1 & a few days aft]w>ds he drank ! hemlock1 hav+ held _m admirable conv]sations 9 ! meantime1 :i* ,plato has record$ 9 ! ,phd4 ,,xxii4 ,he also1 accord+ to "s acc\nts1 compos$ a pan :i* beg9s-- ,hail ,apollo1 ,k+ ( ,delos1 ,hail ,diana1 ,leto's *ild4 ,b ,dionysidorus says t ?is pan is n 84 ,he also compos$ a fable1 9 ! /yle ( sop1 n v arti/ically1 & x beg9s-- sop "o day did ?is sage c\nsel give ,to ! ,cor9?ian magi/rates3 n to tru/ ,! cause ( virtue to ! p's judgem5t4 ,,xxiii4 ,s he di$2 b ! ,a!nians imm$iately rep5t$#bb ( _! action1 s t !y clos$ all ! pal/r & gymnasia2 & !y bani%$ 8 accus]s1 & condemn$ ,meletus to dea?2 b !y hon\r$ ,socrates ) a braz5 /atue1 :i* !y erect$ 9 ! place :]e ! sacr$ vessels are kept2 & x 0 ! "w ( ,lysippus4 ,b ,anytus _h already left ,a!ns2 & ! p ( ,h]aclea bani%$ him f t city ! day ( 8 arrival4 ,b ,socrates 0 n ! only p]son :o met ) ?is treatm5t at ! h&s ( ! ,a!nians1 b _m o!r m5 receiv$ ! same3 =1 z ,h]aclides says1 !y f9$ ,hom] fifty dra*mas z a madman1 & !y said t ,tyrtu 0 out ( 8 wits4 ,b !y hon\r$ ,a/ydamas1 be=e s*ylus1 ) a braz5 /atue4 ,& ,euripides reproa*es !m = _! conduct 9 8 ,palam$es1 say+-- ,ye h sla91 ye h sla91 ,o ,greeks1 ! all-wise night+ale1 ,! fav\rite ( ! ,muses1 guiltless all4 ,& en\gh has be5 said on ?is head4 ,b ,philo*orus says t ,euripides di$ be=e ,socrates2 & he 0 born1 z ,apollodorus 9 8 ,*ronicles ass]ts1 9 ! ar*on%ip ( ,apsephion1 9 ! f\r? ye> ( ! sev5ty-sev5? ,olympiad1 on ! six? day ( ! mon? ,?>gelion1 :5 ! ,a!nians purify _! city1 & :5 ! citiz5s ( ,delos say t ,diana 0 born4 ,& he di$ 9 ! fir/ ye> ( ! n9ety-fif? ,olympiad1 be+ sev5ty ye>s ( age4 ,& ?is is ! calculation ( ,demetrius ,phal]eus1 = "s say t he 0 b sixty ye>s old :5 he di$4 ,,xxiv4 ,bo? he & ,euripides 7 pupils ( ,anaxagoras2 & ,euripides 0 born 9 ! fir/ ye> ( ! sev5ty-fif? ,olympiad1 9 ! ar*on%ip ( ,calliades4 ,b ,socrates appe>s to me to h also discuss$ occasionally subjects ( natural philosophy1 s9ce he v (t5 disputes ab\t prud5ce & =esight1 z ,x5ophon tells u2 al?\gh he at ! same "t ass]ts t all 8 conv]sations 7 ab\t moral philosophy4 ,& ,plato1 9 8 ,apology1 m5tions ! pr9ciples ( ,anaxagoras & o!r natural philosoph]s1 :i* ,socrates d5ies2 & he is 9 reality express+ 8 own s5tim5ts ab\t !m1 ?\gh he attributes !m all to ,socrates4 ,& ,ari/otle tells u t a c]ta9 "o ( ! ,magi came f ,syria to ,a!ns1 & blam$ ,socrates = _m p>ts ( 8 conduct1 & also =etold t he w\ld come to a viol5t dea?4 ,& we ourselves h writt5 ?is epigram on him-- ,dr9k n[1 ,o ,socrates1 9 ! realms ( ,jove1 ,= truly did ! ,god pron\nce y wise1 ,& he :o said s is himself all wisdom3 ,y drank ! poison :i* y\r c\ntry gave1 ,b !y drank wisdom f y\r godlike voice4 ,,xxv4 ,he _h1 z ,ari/otle tells u 9 ! ?ird book ( 8 ,poetics1 a conte/ ) a man ( ! "n ( ,antiolo*us ( ,lemnos1 & ) ,antipho1 an int]pret] ( prodigies1 z ,py?agoras _h ) ,cylon ( ,crotona2 & ,hom] :ile alive ) ,sag>is1 & aft] 8 dea? ) ,x5ophanes ! ,colophonian2 & ,hesiod1 too1 9 8 lifetime ) ,c]cops1 & aft] 8 dea? ) ! same ,x5ophanes2 & ,p9d> ) ,amphim5es ( ,cos2 & ,?ales ) ,ph]ecydes2 & ,bias ) ,sal>us ( ,pri5e2 & ,pittacus ) ,antim5ides2 & ,alcu & ,anaxagoras ) ,sosibius2 & ,simonides ) ,timocreon4 ,,xxvi4 ,( ^? :o succe$$ him1 & :o are call$ ! ,socratic s*ool1 ! *iefs 7 ,plato1 ,x5ophon1 & ,anti/h5es3 & ( ! t51 z !y are (t5 call$1 ! f\r mo/ em95t 7 s*9es1 ,phd1 ,euclides1 & ,ari/ippus4 ,b we mu/ fir/ speak ( ,x5ophon1 & aft] him ( ,anti/h5es among ! ,cynics4 ,!n ( ! ,socratic s*ool1 & s ab\t ,plato1 s9ce he is ! *ief ( ! t5 sects1 & ! f\nd] ( ! fir/ ,academy4 ,& ! regul> s]ies ( !m %all proce$ 9 ?is mann]4 ,,xxvii4 ,!re 0 also ano!r ,socrates1 a hi/orian1 :o wrote a description ( ,argos2 & ano!r1 a p]ipatetic philosoph]1 a native ( ,bi?ynia2 & ano!r a writ] ( epigrams2 & ano!r a native ( ,cos1 :o wrote invocations to ! ,gods4 ,,life ,,( ,,x5ophon4 ,i4 ,x5ophon1 ! son ( ,gryllus1 a citiz5 ( ,a!ns1 0 ( ! bor\gh ( ,er*ia2 & he 0 a man ( great mode/y1 & z h&some z c be imag9$4 ,,ii4 ,!y say t ,socrates met him 9 a n>r[ lane1 & put 8 /ick across x1 & prev5t$ him f pass+ by1 ask+ him :]e all k9ds ( necess>y ?+s 7 sold4 ,& :5 he _h answ]$ him1 he ask$ him aga9 :]e m5 7 made good & virtu\s4 ,& z he did n "k1 he said1 8,foll[ me1 !n1 & le>n40 ,& f ?is "t =?1 ,x5ophon became a foll[] ( ,socrates4 ,,iii4 ,& he 0 ! fir/ p]son :o took d[n conv]sations z !y occurr$1 & publi%$ !m among m51 call+ !m memorabilia4 ,he 0 also ! fir/ man :o wrote a hi/ory ( philosoph]s4 ,,iv4 ,& ,ari/ippus1 9 ! f\r? book ( 8 treatise on ,anci5t ,luxury1 says t he lov$ ,cl9ias2 & t he said to him1 8,n[ ,i look ^u ,cl9ias ) m pleasure ?an ^u all ! o!r beautiful ?+s :i* are to be se5 among m52 & ,i w\ld r be bl9d z to all ! re/ ( ! _w1 ?an z to ,cl9ias4 ,& ,i am annoy$ ev5 ) night & ) sleep1 because !n ,i d n see him2 b ,i am v grateful to ! sun & to daylight1 because !y %[ ,cl9ias to me40 ,v4 ,he became a fri5d ( ,cyrus 9 ?is mann]4 ,he _h an acqua9tance1 by "n ,prox5us1 a ,botian by bir?1 a pupil ( ,gorgias ( ,leont9i1 & a fri5d ( ,cyrus4 ,he be+ 9 ,s>dis1 /ay+ at ! c\rt ( ,cyrus1 wrote a lett] to ,a!ns to ,x5ophon1 invit+ him to come & be a fri5d ( ,cyrus4 ,& ,x5ophon %[$ ! lett] to ,socrates1 & ask$ 8 advice4 ,& ,socrates bade him g to ,delphi1 & ask c\nsel ( ! ,god4 ,& ,x5ophon did s1 & w5t to ! ,god2 b ! "q he put 01 n :e!r x 0 good = him to g to ,cyrus or n1 b h[ he %\ld g2 = :i* ,socrates blam$ him1 b /ill advis$ him to g4 ,accord+ly he w5t to ,cyrus1 & became no less de> to him ?an ,prox5us4 ,& all ! circum/ances ( ! exp$ition & ! retreat1 he himself has suffici5tly relat$ to u4 ,,vi4 ,b he 0 at enmity ) ,m5on ! ,ph>salian1 :o 0 ! comm&] ( ! =eign troops at ! "t ( ! exp$ition2 & among/ o!r reproa*es1 he says t he 0 mu* addict$ to ! wor/ k9d ( debau*]y4 ,& he reproa*es a man ( ! "n ( ,apollonides ) hav+ 8 e>s bor$4 ,,vii4 ,b aft] ! exp$ition1 & ! disa/]s :i* took place 9 ,pontus1 & ! violations ( ! truce by ,seu!s1 ! k+ ( ! ,odrys1 he came into ,asia to ,agesilaus1 ! k+ ( ,lac$mon1 br++ ) him ! soldi]s ( ,cyrus1 to s]ve = pay2 & he became a v great fri5d ( ,agesilaus4 ,& ab\t ! same "t he 0 condemn$ to bani%m5t by ! ,a!nians1 on ! *>ge ( be+ a fav\r] ( ! ,lac$monians4 ,& be+ 9 ,ephesus1 & hav+ a sum ( money 9 gold1 he gave half ( x to ,megabyzus1 ! prie/ ( ,diana1 to keep = him till 8 return2 & if he nev] return$1 !n he 0 to exp5d x ^u a /atue1 & d$icate t to ! ,goddess2 & ) ! o!r half he s5t (f]+s to ,delphi4 ,f !nce he w5t ) ,agesilaus into ,greece1 z ,agesilaus 0 summon$ to take "p 9 ! w> aga9/ ! ,!bans4 ,& ! ,lac$monians made him a fri5d ( _! city4 ,,viii4 ,aft] ?is he left ,agesilaus & w5t to ,scillus1 :i* is a /rong place 9 ! di/rict ( ,elis1 at no great di/ance f ! city4 ,& a woman foll[$ him1 ^: "n 0 ,philesia1 z ,demetrius ! ,magnesian relates2 & 8 sons1 ,gryllus & ,diodorus1 z ,d9>*us /ates 9 ! action aga9/ ,x5ophon2#bc & !y 7 also call$ ,dioscuri4 ,& :5 ,megabyzus came into ! c\ntry1 on ! occasion ( "s public assembly1 he took back ! money & b\ght a piece ( gr\nd1 & consecrat$ x to ! ,goddess2 & a riv] nam$ ,sel9us1 :i* is ! same "n z t ( ! riv] at ,ephesus1 fl[s ?r\gh ! l&4 ,& !re he cont9u$ hunt+1 & ent]ta9+ 8 fri5ds1 & writ+ hi/ories4 ,b ,d9>*us says t ! ,lac$monians gave him a h\se & l&4 ,!y say also t ,philopides1 ! ,sp>tan1 s5t him !re1 z a pres5t "s slaves1 :o _h be5 tak5 prison]s ( w>1 natives ( ,d>danus1 & t he locat$ !m z he pleas$4 ,& t ! ,eleans1 hav+ made an exp$ition aga9/ ,scillus1 took ! place1 z ! ,lac$monians dawdl$ 9 com+ to 8 assi/ance4 ,,ix4 ,b !n 8 sons escap$ privily to ,lepreum1 ) a few s]vants2 & ,x5ophon himself fl$ to ,elis be=e ! place fell2 & f !nce he w5t to ,lepreum to 8 *ildr51 & f !nce he escap$ 9 safety to ,cor9?1 & settl$ 9 t city4 ,x4 ,9 ! meantime1 z ! ,a!nians _h pass$ a vote to g to ! assi/ance ( ! ,lac$monians1 he s5t 8 sons to ,a!ns1 to jo9 9 ! exp$ition 9 aid ( ! ,lac$monians2 = !y _h be5 educat$ 9 ,sp>ta1 z ,diocles relates 9 8 ,lives ( ! ,philosoph]s4 ,diodorus return$ safe back aga91 )\t hav+ at all di/+ui%$ himself 9 ! battle4 ,& he _h a son :o bore ! same "n z 8 bro!r ,gryllus4 ,b ,gryllus1 s]v+ 9 ! cavalry1 7& ! battle took place at ,mant9ea17 f\ght v gallantly1 & 0 sla91 z ,ephorus tells u1 9 8 tw5ty-fif? book2 ,cephisodorus be+ ! ,capta9 ( ! cavalry1 & ,hegesides ! comm&]-9-*ief4 ,epam9ondas also fell 9 ?is battle4 ,& aft] ! battle1 !y say t ,x5ophon (f]$ sacrifice1 we>+ a cr[n on 8 head2 b :5 ! news ( ! dea? ( 8 son arriv$1 he took (f ! cr[n2 b aft] t1 he>+ t he _h fall5 glori\sly1 he put ! cr[n on aga94 ,& "s say t he did n ev5 %$ a te>1 b said1 8,i knew t ,i 0 ! fa!r ( a mortal man40 ,& ,ari/otle says1 t innum]able writ]s wrote panegyrics & epitaphs ^u ,gryllus1 p>tly out ( a wi% to gratify 8 fa!r4 ,& ,h]mippus1 9 8 ,treatise on ,!ophra/us1 says t ,isocrates also compos$ a panegyric on ,gryllus4 ,b ,timon ridicules him 9 ^! words3-- ,a silly c\plet1 or e'en triplet ( spee*es1 ,or long] s]ies /ill1 j su* z ,x5ophon ,might write1 or ,meagre s*9es4 ,su*1 !n1 0 ! life ( ,x5ophon4 ,,xi4 ,& he fl\ri%$ ab\t ! f\r? ye> ( ! n9ety-f\r? ,olympiad2 & he took "p 9 ! exp$ition ( ,cyrus1 9 ! ar*on%ip ( ,x5netus1 ! ye> be=e ! dea? ( ,socrates4 ,& he di$1 z ,/esiclides ! ,a!nian /ates 9 8 ,li/ ( ,ar*ons & ,conqu]ors at ,olympia1 9 ! fir/ ye> ( ! hundr$ & fif? ,olympiad1 9 ! ar*on%ip ( ,callidemides2 9 :i* ye>1 ,philip ! son ( ,amyntas began to reign ov] ! ,mac$onians4 ,& he di$ at ,cor9?1 z ,demetrius ! ,magnesian says1 be+ ( a v advanc$ age4 ,,xii4 ,& he 0 a man ( great di/9ction 9 all po9ts1 & v fond ( horses & ( dogs1 & a great tactician1 z is manife/ f 8 writ+s4 ,& he 0 a pi\s man1 fond ( sacrific+ to ! ,gods1 & a great au?ority z to :at 0 due to !m1 & a v ard5t admir] & imitator ( ,socrates4 ,,xiii4 ,he also wrote ne> =ty books2 ?\gh diff]5t critics divide !m diff]5tly4 ,he wrote an acc\nt ( ! exp$ition ( ,cyrus1 to ea* book ( :i* "w he prefix$ a summ>y1 ?\gh he gave none ( ! :ole hi/ory4 ,he also wrote ! ,cyropdia1 & a hi/ory ( ,greece1 & ,memorabilia ( ,socrates1 & a treatise call$ ! ,banquet1 & an essay on conomy1 & "o on ,horseman%ip1 & "o on ,break+ ,dogs1 & "o on ,manag+ ,horses1 & a ,def5ce ( ,socrates1 & a ,treatise on ,rev5ues1 & "o call$ ,hi]o1 or ! ,tyrant1 & "o call$ ,agesilaus2 "o on ! ,con/itution ( ! ,a!nians & ,lac$monians1 :i*1 h[ev]1 ,demetrius ! ,magnesian says is n ! "w ( ,x5ophon4 ,x is said1 also1 t he secretly got possession ( ! books ( ,?ucydides1 :i* 7 previ\sly unkn[n1 & himself publi%$ !m4 ,,xiv4 ,he 0 also call$ ! ,attic ,muse1 because ( ! sweetness ( 8 diction1 9 respect ( :i* he & ,plato felt a _s ( rivalry t[>ds "o ano!r1 z we %all relate fur!r 9 our life ( ,plato4 ,& we ourselves h compos$ an epigram on him1 :i* runs ?us3-- ,n only up to ,babylon = ,cyrus ,did ,x5ophon g1 b n[ he's m\nt$ up ,! pa? :i* leads to ,jove's et]nal realms-- ,= he1 rec\nt+ ! great de$s ( ,greece1 ,displays 8 noble g5ius1 & he %[s ,! dep? ( wisdom ( 8 ma/] ,socrates4 ,& ano!r :i* ends ?us3-- ,o ,x5ophon1 if ?' ungrateful c\ntrym5 ,( ,cranon & ,cecrops1 bani%$ y1 ,jeal\s ( ,cyrus' fav\r :i* he %['d y1 ,/ill hospitable ,cor9?1 ) glad he>t1 ,receiv$ y1 & y liv$ !re happily1 ,& s resolv$ to /ay 9 t fair city4 ,,xv4 ,b ,i h f\nd x /at$ 9 "s places t he fl\ri%$ ab\t ! eighty-n9? ,olympiad1 at ! same "t z ! re/ ( ! disciples ( ,socrates4 ,& ,i/] says1 t he 0 bani%$ by a decree ( ,eubulus1 & t he 0 recall$ by ano!r decree propos$ by ! same p]son4 ,,xvi4 ,b !re 7 sev5 p ( ! "n ( ,x5ophon4 ,fir/ ( all1 ?is philosoph] ( ours2 secondly1 an ,a!nian1 a bro!r ( ,py?o/ratus1 :o wrote ! poem call$ ! ,!seid1 & :o wrote o!r works too1 especially ! lives ( ,epam9ondas & ,pelopidas2 ! ?ird 0 a physician ( ,cos2 ! f\r?1 a man :o wrote a hi/ory ( ,alcibiades2 ! fif?1 0 a writ] :o compos$ a book full ( fabul\s prodigies2 ! six?1 a citiz5 ( ,p>os1 a sculptor2 ! sev5?1 a poet ( ! ,old ,com$y4 ,,life ,,( ,,s*9es4 ,i4 s*9es 0 ! son ( ,*>9us1 ! sausage-mak]1 b1 z "s writ]s say1 ( ,lysanias2 he 0 a citiz5 ( ,a!ns1 ( an indu/ri\s disposition f 8 boyhood upw>ds1 on :i* acc\nt he nev] quitt$ ,socrates4 ,,ii4 ,& ?is induc$ ,socrates to say1 ! only "o :o kn[s h[ to pay u prop] respect is ! son ( ! sausage-sell]4 ,idom5eus ass]ts1 t x 0 he :o1 9 ! prison1 tri$ to p]suade ,socrates to make 8 escape1 & n ,crito4 ,b t ,plato1 z he 0 r incl9$ to fav\r ,ari/ippus1 attribut$ 8 advice to ,crito4 ,,iii4 ,& s*9es 0 calumniat$ on m ?an "o occasion2 & especially by ,m5$emus ( ,eretria1 :o /ates t he appropriat$ _m dialogues ( ,socrates z 8 own1 hav+ procur$ !m f ,xan?ippe4 ,& ^? ( !m :i* are call$ 8headless10 are exce$+ly slov5ly p]=mances1 %[+ no?+ ( ! en]gy ( ,socrates4 ,& ,pisi/ratus1 ( ,ephesus1 us$ to say1 t !y 7 n ! "w ( s*9es4 ,!re are sev5 ( !m1 & mo/ ( !m are /at$ by ,p]su to be ! "w ( ,pasiphon1 ( ,eretria1 & to h be5 ins]t$ by him among ! works ( s*9es4 ,& he plagi>is$ f ! ,little ,cyrus1 & ! ,less] ,h]cules1 ( ,anti/h5es1 & f ! ,alcibiades1 & f ! ,dialogues ( ! o!r philosoph]s4 ,! ,dialogues !n ( s*9es1 :i* pr(ess to give an idea ( ! sy/em ( ,socrates are1 z ,i h said1 sev5 9 numb]4 ,fir/ ( all1 ! ,miltiades1 :i* is r weak2 ! ,callias1 ! ,axio*us1 ! ,aspasia1 ! ,alcibiades1 ! ,telauges1 & ! ,rh9o4 ,& !y say t he1 be+ 9 want1 w5t to ,sicily1 to ,dionysius1 & 0 look$ d[n ^u by ,plato1 b support$ by ,ari/ippus1 & t he gave ,dionysius "s ( 8 dialogues1 & receiv$ pres5ts = !m4 ,,iv4 ,aft] t he came to ,a!ns1 & !re he did n v5ture to practise ! trade ( a sophi/1 z ,plato & ,ari/ippus 7 9 high reputation !re4 ,b he gave lectures = money1 & wrote spee*es to be deliv]$ 9 ! c\rts ( law = p]sons "u prosecution4 ,on :i* acc\nt1 ,timon said ( him1 8,! spee*es ( s*9es :i* d n conv9ce any "o40 ,& !y say t :5 he 0 9 great /raights ?r\gh pov]ty1 ,socrates advis$ him to borr[ ( himself1 by d$uct+ "s "p ( 8 exp5diture 9 8 food4 ,v4 ,& ev5 ,ari/ippus suspect$ ! g5u95ess ( "s ( 8 ,dialogues2 accord+ly1 !y say t :5 he 0 recit+ "s ( !m at ,meg>a1 he ridicul$ him1 & said to him1 8,oh6 y ?ief2 :]e did y get t80 ,,vi4 ,& ,polycritus1 ( ,m5da1 9 ! fir/ book ( 8 ,hi/ory ( ,dionysius1 says t he liv$ ) ! tyrant till he 0 depos$1 & till ! return ( ,dion to ,syracuse2 & he says t ,c>c9us1 ! trag$ian1 0 also ) him4 ,& "h is extant a lett] ( s*9es address$ to ,dionysius4 ,,vii4 ,b he 0 a man well v]s$ 9 rhetorical art1 z is pla9 f ! def5ce ( 8 fa!r ,phax1 ! g5]al2 & f ! works :i* he wrote 9 especial imitation ( ,gorgias ( ,leont9i4 ,& ,lysias wrote an oration aga9/ him entitl+ x1 ,on ,sycophancy2 f all :i* circum/ances x is pla9 t he 0 a skilful orator4 ,& "o man is spok5 ( z 8 especial fri5d1 ,ari/otle1 :o 0 surnam$ ,! ,table4 ,,viii4 ,n[ ,pantius ?9ks t ! ,dialogues ( ! foll[+ disciples ( ! ,socratic s*ool are all g5u9e1--,plato1 ,x5ophon1 ,anti/h5es1 & s*9es2 b he d\bts ab\t ^? :i* g "u ! names ( ,phdon1 & ,euclides2 & he utt]ly repudiates all ! o!rs4 ,,ix4 ,& !re 7 eight m5 ( ! "n ( s*9es4 ,! fir/1 ?is philosoph] ( ours2 ! second 0 a man :o wrote a treatise on ,oratorical ,art2 ! ?ird 0 ! orator :o spoke aga9/ ,demo/h5es2 ! f\r? 0 an ,arcadian1 a disciple ( ,isocrates2 ! fif? 0 a citiz5 ( ,mityl5e1 :om !y us$ to call ! ,sc\rge ( ! ,orators2 ! six? 0 a ,neapolitan1 a philosoph] ( ! ,academy1 a disciple & fav\rite ( ,melan?ius1 ( ,rhode2 ! sev5? 0 a ,milesian1 a political writ]2 ! eigh? 0 a /atu>y4 ,,life ,,( ,,ari/ippus4 ,i4 ,ari/ippus 0 by bir? a ,cyr5ean1 b he came to ,a!ns1 z s*9es says1 hav+ be5 attract$ ?i!r by ! fame ( ,socrates4 ,,ii4 ,he1 hav+ pr(ess$ himself a ,sophi/1 z ,phanias1 ( ,eresus1 ! ,p]ipatetic1 in=ms u1 0 ! fir/ ( ! pupils ( ,socrates :o exact$ money f 8 pupils1 & :o s5t money to 8 ma/]4 ,& once he s5t him tw5ty dra*mas1 b _h !m s5t back aga91 z ,socrates said t 8 dmon w\ld n all[ him to accept !m2 =1 9 fact1 he 0 indignant at hav+ !m (f]$ to him4 ,& ,x5ophon us$ to hate him2 on :i* acc\nt he wrote 8 book aga9/ pleasure z an attack ^u ,ari/ippus1 & assign$ ! ma9 argum5t to ,socrates4 ,!odorus also1 9 8 ,treatise on ,sects1 has attack$ him sev]ely1 & s has ,plato 9 8 book on ! ,s\l1 z we h m5tion$ 9 ano!r place4 ,,iii4 ,b he 0 a man v quick at adapt+ himself to e k9d ( place1 & "t1 & p]son1#bd & he easily support$ e *ange ( =tune4 ,= :i* reason he 0 9 great] fav\r ) ,dionysius ?an any ( ! o!rs1 z he always made ! be/ ( exi/+ circum/ances4 ,= he enjoy$ :at 0 be=e him pleasantly1 & he did n toil to procure himself ! enjoym5t ( :at 0 n pres5t4 ,on :i* acc\nt ,diog5es us$ to call him ! k+'s dog4 ,& ,timon us$ to sn>l at him z too luxuri\s1 speak+ some:at 9 ?is fa%ion3 ,l ! effem9ate m9d ( ,ari/ippus1 ,:o1 z he said1 by t\* c\ld judge ( falsehood4 ,!y say t he once ord]$ a p>tridge to be b\ght = him at ! price ( fifty dra*mas2 & :5 "s "o blam$ him1 8,& w\ld n y10 said he1 8h b\ght x if x _h co/ an obol80 ,& :5 he said he w\ld1 8,well10 repli$ ,ari/ippus1 8fifty dra*mas are no m to me40 ,dionysius once bade him select :i* he pleas$ ( ?ree beautiful c\rtesans2 & he c>ri$ (f all ?ree1 say+ t ev5 ,p>is did n get any good by pref]r+ "o beauty to ! re/4 ,h[ev]1 !y say1 t :5 he _h c>ri$ !m z f> z ! ve/ibule1 he dismiss$ !m2 s easily incl9$ 0 he to select or to disreg>d ?+s4 ,on :i* acc\nt ,/rato1 or1 z o!rs w h x1 ,plato1 said to him1 8,y are ! only man to :om x is giv5 to we> bo? a :ole cloak & rags40 ,once :5 ,dionysius spit at him1 he put up ) x2 & :5 "s "o f\nd fault ) him1 he said1 8,m5 endure be+ wett$ by ! sea 9 ord] to cat* a t5*1 & %all n ,i endure to be spr9kl$ ) w9e to cat* a /urgeon80 ,,iv4 ,once ,diog5es1 :o 0 wa%+ vegetables1 ridicul$ him z he pass$ by1 & said1 8,if y _h le>nt to eat ^! vegetables1 y w\ld n h be5 a slave 9 ! palace ( a tyrant40 ,b ,ari/ippus repli$1 8,& y1 if y _h kn[n h[ to behave among m51 w\ld n h be5 wa%+ vegetables40 ,be+ ask$ once :at advantage he _h d]iv$ f philosophy1 he said1 8,! p[] ( associat+ confid5tly ) e body40 ,:5 he 0 reproa*$ = liv+ extravagantly1 he repli$1 8,if extravagance _h be5 a fault1 x w\ld n h _h a place 9 ! fe/ivals ( ! ,gods40 ,at ano!r "t he 0 ask$ :at advantage philosoph]s _h ov] o!r m52 & he repli$1 8,if all ! laws %\ld be abrogat$1 we %\ld /ill live 9 ! same mann] z we d n[40 ,once :5 ,dionysius ask$ him :y ! philosoph]s haunt ! doors ( ! ri*1 b ! ri* d n frequ5t ^? ( ! philosoph]s1 he said1 8,because ! fir/ "k :at !y want1 b ! second d n40 ,on "o occasion he 0 reproa*$ by ,plato = liv+ 9 an exp5sive way2 & he repli$1 8,does n ,dionysius seem to y to be a good man80 ,& z he said t he did2 8,& yet10 said he1 8he lives 9 a m exp5sive mann] ?an ,i d1 s t !re is no impossibility 9 a p]son's liv+ bo? exp5sively & well at ! same "t40 ,he 0 ask$ once 9 :at educat$ m5 are sup]ior to un$ucat$ m52 & answ]$1 8,j z brok5 horses are sup]ior to ^? t are unbrok540 ,on ano!r occasion he 0 go+ into ! h\se ( a c\rtesan1 & :5 "o ( ! "y m5 :o 7 ) him blu%$1 he said1 8,x is n ! go+ into su* a h\se t is bad1 b ! n be+ able to g out40 ,once a man propos$ a riddle to him1 & said1 8,solve x40 8,:y1 y silly fell[10 said ,ari/ippus1 8d y wi% me to loose :at gives u tr\ble1 ev5 :ile x is 9 bonds80 ,a say+ ( 8 01 8t x 0 bett] to be a begg> ?an an ignorant p]son2 = t a begg> only wants money1 b an ignorant p]son wants humanity40 ,once :5 he 0 abus$1 he 0 go+ away1 & z 8 adv]s>y pursu$ him & said1 8,:y are y go+ away80 8,because10 said he1 8y h a lic5se = speak+ ill2 b ,i h ano!r = decl9+ to he> ill40 ,:5 "s "o said t he always saw ! philosoph]s at ! doors ( ! ri* m51 he said1 8,& ! physicians also are always se5 at ! doors ( _! pati5ts2 b /ill no "o w\ld *oose = ?is reason to be an invalid r ?an a physician40 ,once x happ5$1 t :5 he 0 sail+ to ,cor9?1 he 0 ov]tak5 by a viol5t /orm2 & :5 somebody said1 8,we common individuals are n afraid1 b y philosoph]s are behav+ l c[>ds20 he said1 8,v likely1 = we h n bo? ( u ! same k9d ( s\ls at /ake40 ,see+ a man :o prid$ himself on ! v>iety ( 8 le>n+ & accompli%m5ts1 he said1 8,^? :o eat mo/1 & :o take ! mo/ ex]cise1 are n 9 bett] heal? ?an !y :o eat j z mu* z is good = !m2 & 9 ! same way x is n ^? :o "k a great _m ?+s1 b !y :o "k :at is useful :o are valuable m540 ,an orator _h plead$ a cause = him & ga9$ x1 & ask$ him aft]w>ds1 8,n[1 :at good did y ev] get f ,socrates80 8,?is good10 said he1 8t all t y h said 9 my behalf is true40 ,he gave admirable advice to 8 daught] ,arete1 tea*+ h] to despise sup]fluity4 ,& be+ ask$ by "s "o 9 :at respect 8 son w\ld be bett] if he receiv$ a c>eful education1 he repli$1 8,if he gets no o!r good1 at all ev5ts1 :5 he is at ! !atre1 he w n be "o /one sitt+ ^u ano!r40 ,once :5 "s "o br\ght 8 son to introduce to him1 he dem&$ five hundr$ dra*mas2 & :5 ! fa!r said1 8,:y1 = su* a price z t ,i c buy a slave40 8,buy him !n10 he repli$1 8& y w h a pair40 ,x 0 a say+ ( 8 t he took money f 8 acqua9tances n 9 ord] to use x himself1 b to make !m aw>e 9 :at !y ought to sp5d _! money4 ,on "o occasion1 be+ reproa*$ = hav+ employ$ a hir$ advocate 9 a cause t he _h dep5d+3 8,:y n10 said he2 8:5 ,i h a d9n]1 ,i hire a cook40 ,once he 0 compell$ by ,dionysius to repeat "s philosophical s5tim5t2 8,x is an absurdity10 said he1 8= y to le>n ( me h[ to speak1 & yet to tea* me :5 ,i ought to speak30 & z ,dionysius 0 (f5d$ at ?is1 he plac$ him at ! l[e/ end ( ! table2 on :i* ,ari/ippus said1 8,y wi% to make ?is place m respectable40 ,a man 0 "o day boa/+ ( 8 skill z a div]2 8,are y n a%am$10 said ,ari/ippus1 8to pride y\rself on y\r p]=mance ( ! duty ( a dolph980 ,on "o occasion he 0 ask$ 9 :at respect a wise man is sup]ior to "o :o is n wise2 & 8 answ] 01 8,s5d !m bo? nak$ among /rang]s1 & y w f9d out40 ,a man 0 boa/+ ( be+ able to dr9k a great deal )\t be+ drunk2 & he said1 8,a mule c d ! v same ?+40 ,:5 a man reproa*$ him = liv+ ) a mi/ress1 he said1 8,does x make any diff]5ce :e!r "o takes a h\se 9 :i* _m o!rs h liv$ be=e "o1 or "o :]e no "o has ev] liv$80 & 8 reprov] said1 8,no40 8,well does x make any diff]5ce :e!r "o sails 9 a %ip :i* t5 ?\s& p h sail$ be=e "o1 or :e!r "o sails 9 "o 9 :i* no "o has ev] emb>k$80 8,by no means10 said ! o!r4 8,j 9 ! same way10 said he1 8x makes no diff]5ce :e!r "o lives ) a woman ) :om numb]s h liv$1 or ) "o ) :om no "o has liv$40 ,:5 a p]son once blam$ him = tak+ money f 8 pupils1 aft] hav+ be5 himself a pupil ( ,socrates3 8,to be sure ,i d10 he repli$1 8= ,socrates too1 :5 "s fri5ds s5t _! corn & w9e1 accept$ a little1 & s5t ! re/ back2 = he _h ! *ief m5 ( ! ,a!nians = 8 purveyors4 ,b ,i h only ,euty*ides1 :om ,i h b\ght ) money40 ,& he us$ to live ) ,lais ! c\rtesan1 z ,sotion tells u 9 ! ,second ,book ( 8 ,successions4 ,accord+ly1 :5 "s "o reproa*$ him on h] acc\nt1 he made answ]1 8,i possess h]1 b ,i am n possess$ by h]2 s9ce ! be/ ?+ is to possess pleasures )\t be+ _! slave1 n to be devoid ( pleasures40 ,:5 "s "o blam$ him = ! exp5se he 0 at ab\t 8 food1 he said1 8,w\ld y n h b\ght ^? ?+s y\rself if !y _h co/ ?ree obols80 ,& :5 ! o!r admitt$ t he w\ld1 8,!n10 said he1 8x is n t ,i am fond ( pleasure1 b t y are fond ( money40 ,on "o occasion1 :5 ,simus1 ! /ew>d ( ,dionysius1 0 %[+ him a magnific5t h\se1 pav$ ) m>ble 7b ,simus 0 a ,phrygian1 & a great top]71 he hawk$ up a quantity ( saliva & spit 9 8 face2 & :5 ,simus 0 indignant at ?is1 he said1 8,i c\ld n f9d a m suitable place to spit 940 ,*>ondas1 or z "s say1 ,phdon1 ask$ him once1 8,:o are ! p :o use p]fumes80 8,i d10 said he1 8wret*$ man t ,i am1 & ! k+ ( ! ,p]sians is /ill m wret*$ ?an ,i2 b1 recollect1 t z no animal is ! worse = hav+ a pleasant sc5t1 s nei!r is a man2 b plague take ^? wret*es :o abuse our beautiful ungu5ts40 ,on ano!r occasion1 he 0 ask$ h[ ,socrates di$2 & he made answ]1 8,z ,i %\ld wi% to die myself40 ,:5 ,polyx5us1 ! ,sophi/1 came to 8 h\se & beheld 8 wom51 & ! co/ly prep>ation t 0 made = d9n]1 & !n blam$ him = all ?is luxury1 ,ari/ippus aft] a :ile said1 8,c y /ay ) me to day80 & :5 ,polyx5us cons5t$1 8,:y !n10 said he1 8did y blame me8 x seems t y blame n ! luxury1 b ! exp5se ( x40 ,:5 8 s]vant 0 once c>ry+ "s money along ! road1 & 0 oppress$ by ! weight ( x 7z ,bion relates 9 8 ,diss]tations71 he said to him1 8,drop :at is beyond y\r /r5g?1 & only c>ry :at y c40 ,once he 0 at sea1 & see+ a pirate vessel at a di/ance1 he began to c\nt 8 money2 & !n he let x drop into ! sea1 z if un9t5tionally1 & began to bewail 8 loss2 b o!rs say t he said besides1 t x 0 bett] = ! money to be lo/ = ! sake ( ,ari/ippus1 ?an ,ari/ippus = ! sake ( 8 money4 ,on "o occasion1 :5 ,dionysius ask$ him :y he _h come1 he said1 to give o!rs a %>e ( :at he _h1 & to receive a %>e ( :at he _h n2 b "s report t 8 answ] 01 8,:5 ,i want$ wisdom1 ,i w5t to ,socrates2 b n[ t ,i want money1 ,i h come to y40 ,he f\nd fault ) m51 because :5 !y are at sales1 !y exam9e ! articles (f]$ v c>efully1 b yet !y approve ( m5's lives )\t any exam9ation4 ,?\gh "s attribute ?is spee* to ,diog5es4 ,!y say t once at a banquet1 ,dionysius desir$ all ! gue/s to dance 9 purple g>m5ts2 b ,plato refus$1 say+3-- 8,i c\ld n we> a woman's robe1 :5 ,i ,0 born a man1 & ( a manly race40 ,b ,ari/ippus took ! g>m5t1 & :5 he 0 ab\t to dance1 he said v wittily3-- 8,%e :o is *a/e1 w n corrupt$ be ,by ,bac*analian revels40 ,he 0 once ask+ a fav\r ( ,dionysius = a fri5d1 & :5 he c\ld n prevail1 he fell at 8 feet2 & :5 "s "o reproa*$ him = su* conduct1 he said1 8,x is n ,i :o am to blame1 b ,dionysius :o has 8 e>s 9 8 feet40 ,:5 he 0 /ay+ 9 ,asia1 & 0 tak5 prison] by ,artaph]nes ! ,satrap1 "s "o said to him1 8,are y /ill *e]ful & sangu9e80 8,:51 y silly fell[10 he repli$1 8c ,i h m reason to be *e]ful ?an n[ :5 ,i am on ! po9t ( conv]s+ ) ,artaph]nes80 ,x us$ to be a say+ ( 81 t ^? :o _h enjoy$ ! encyclic c\rse ( education1 b :o _h omitt$ philosophy1 7 l ! suitors ( ,p5elope2 = t !y ga9$ ov] ,melan?o & ,polydora & ! o!r maid-s]vants1 & f\nd x easi] to d t ?an to m>ry ! mi/ress4 ,& ,ari/on said 9 l mann]1 t ,ulysses :5 he _h gone to ! %ades bel[1 saw & conv]s$ ) ne>ly all ! dead 9 ^? regions1 b c\ld n get a sight ( ! ,que5 h]self4 ,on ano!r occasion1 ,ari/ippus be+ ask$ :at 7 ! mo/ necess>y ?+s = well-born boys to le>n1 said1 8,^? ?+s :i* !y w put 9 practice :5 !y become m540 ,& :5 "s "o reproa*$ him = hav+ come f ,socrates to ,dionysius1 8 reply 01 8,i w5t to ,socrates because ,i want$ in/ruction 771 & ,i h come to ,dionysius because ,i want div]sion 7740 ,z he _h made money by hav+ pupils1 ,socrates once said to him1 8,:]e did y get s mu*80 & he answ]$1 8,:]e y got a little40 ,:5 8 mi/ress said to him1 8,i am 9 ! family way by y10 he said1 8,y c no m tell t1 ?an y c\ld tell1 aft] y _h gone ?r\gh a ?icket1 :i* ?orn _h scrat*$ y40 ,& :5 "s "o blam$ him = repudiat+ 8 son1 z if he 7 n really 81 he said1 8,i "k t phlegm1 & ,i "k t lice1 proce$ f u1 b /ill we ca/ !m away z useless40 ,"o day1 :5 he _h receiv$ "s money f ,dionysius1 & ,plato _h receiv$ a book1 he said to a man :o je]$ him1 8,! fact is1 money is :at ,i want1 & books :at ,plato wants40 ,:5 he 0 ask$ :at x 0 = :i* he 0 reproa*$ by ,dionysius1 8,! same ?+10 said he1 8= :i* o!rs reproa* me40 ,"o day he ask$ ,dionysius = "s money1 :o said1 8,b y told me t a wise man w\ld nev] be 9 want20 8,give me "s10 ,ari/ippus rejo9$1 8& !n we w discuss t po9t20 ,dionysius gave him "s1 8,n[ !n10 said he1 8y see t ,i d n want money40 ,:5 ,dionysius said to him2-- 8,= he :o does frequ5t a tyrant's c\rt1#be ,becomes 8 slave1 ?\gh free :5 fir/ he came30 ,he took him up1 & repli$3-- 8,t man is b a slave :o comes z free40 ,?is /ory is told by ,diocles1 9 8 book on ! ,lives ( ! ,philosoph]s2 b o!rs attribute ! rejo9d] to ,plato4 ,he once qu>rell$ ) s*9es1 & pres5tly aft]w>ds said to him1 8,%all we n make x up ( our own accord1 & cease ?is folly2 b w y wait till "s blockhead reconciles u ov] our cups80 8,) all my he>t10 said s*9es4 8,recollect1 !n10 said ,ari/ippus1 8t ,i1 :o am old] ?an y1 h made ! fir/ advances40 ,& s*9es answ]$1 8,y say well1 by ,juno1 s9ce y are f> bett] ?an ,i2 = ,i began ! qu>rel1 b y beg9 ! fri5d%ip40 ,& ^! are ! anecdotes :i* are told ( him4 ,v4 ,n[ !re 7 f\r p ( ! "n ( ,ari/ippus2 "o1 ! man ( :om we are n[ speak+2 ! second1 ! man :o wrote ! hi/ory ( ,arcadia2 ! ?ird 0 "o :o1 because he _h be5 br\ght up by 8 "m1 _h ! "n ( giv5 to him2 & he 0 ! gr&son ( ! =m]1 be+ 8 daught]'s son2 ! f\r? 0 a philosoph] ( ! ,new ,academy4 ,,vi4 ,!re are ?ree books extant1 writt5 by ! ,cyr5aic philosoph]1 :i* are1 a hi/ory ( ,africa1 & :i* 7 s5t by him to ,dionysius2 & !re is ano!r book conta9+ tw5ty-five dialogues1 "s writt5 9 ! ,attic1 & "s 9 ! ,doric dialect4 ,& ^! are ! titles ( ! ,dialogues--,artabazus2 to ! ,%ipwreck$ ,sailors2 to ! ,exiles2 to a ,begg>2 to ,lais2 to ,porus2 to ,lais ab\t h] ,look+-glass2 ,m]cury2 ! ,dream2 to ! ,presid5t ( ! ,fea/2 ,philomelus2 to 8 ,dome/ics2 to ^? :o reproa*$ him = possess+ old w9e & mi/resses2 to ^? :o reproa*$ him = sp5d+ mu* money on 8 eat+2 a ,lett] to ,arete 8 daught]2 a lett] to a man :o 0 tra9+ himself = ! ,olympic games2 a book ( ,que/ions2 ano!r book ( ,que/ions2 a ,diss]tation address$ to ,dionysius2 an ,essay on a ,/atue2 an ,essay on ! daught] ( ,dionysius2 a book address$ to "o :o ?\ght himself neglect$2 ano!r to "o :o attempt$ to give him advice4 ,"s say1 also1 t he wrote six books ( diss]tations2 b o!rs1 ! *ief ( :om is ,sosicrates ( ,rhodes1 affirm t he nev] wrote a s+le ?+4 ,accord+ to ! ass]tions ( ,sotion 9 8 second book2 & ( ,pantius1 on ! contr>y1 he compos$ ! foll[+ books1--"o conc]n+ ,education2 "o conc]n+ ,virtue2 "o call$ ,an ,exhortation2 ,artabazus2 ! ,%ipwreck$ ,m52 ! ,exiles2 six books ( ,diss]tations2 ?ree books ( ,apoph!gms2 an essay address$ to ,lais2 "o to ,porus2 "o to ,socrates2 "o on ,=tune4 ,& he us$ to def9e ! *ief good z a g5tle motion t5d+ to s5sation4 ,,vii4 ,b s9ce we h writt5 8 life1 let u n[ speak ( ! ,cyr5aics :o came aft] him2 "s ( :om call$ !mselves ,hegesiaci1 "s ,annic]ei1 o!rs ,!odorei4 ,& let u also enum]ate ! disciples ( ,phd1 ! *ief ( :om 7 ! ,eretrians4 ,n[ ! pupils ( ,ari/ippus 7 8 own daught] ,arete1 & ?iops ( ,ptolemais1 & ,antipat] ( ,cyr5e4 ,arete _h = h] pupil ! ,ari/ippus :o 0 surnam$ 1 ^: disciple 0 ,!odorus ! a!i/1 b :o 0 aft]w>ds call$ 4 ,antipat] _h = a pupil ,epitim$es ( ,cyr5e1 :o 0 ! ma/] ( ,p>bates1 :o 0 ! ma/] ( ,hegesias1 :o 0 surnam$ 7p]suad+ to die71 & ( ,annic]is :o ransom$ ,plato4 ,,viii4 ,^! m5 !n :o cont9u$ 9 ! s*ool ( ,ari/ippus1 & 7 call$ ,cyr5aics1 adopt$ ! foll[+ op9ions4--,!y said t !re 7 two emotions ( ! m9d1 pleasure & pa92 t ! "o1 namely pleasure1 0 a mod]ate emotion2 ! o!r1 namely pa91 a r\gh "o4 ,& t no "o pleasure 0 diff]5t f or m pleasant ?an ano!r2 & t pleasure 0 prais$ by all animals1 b pa9 avoid$4 ,!y said also t pleasure belong$ to ! body1 & con/itut$ its *ief good1 z ,pantius also tells u 9 8 book on ,sects2 b ! pleasure :i* !y call ! *ief good1 is n t pleasure z a /ate1 :i* consi/s 9 ! abs5ce ( all pa91 & is a sort ( undi/urb$ness1 :i* is :at ,epicurus admits z su*2 = ! ,cyr5aics ?9k t !re is a di/9ction betwe5 ! *ief good & a life ( happ9ess1 = t ! *ief good is a p>ticul> pleasure1 b t happ9ess is a /ate consi/+ ( a numb] ( p>ticul> pleasures1 among :i*1 bo? ^? :i* are pa/1 & ^? :i* are future1 are bo? enum]at$4 ,& !y consid] t p>ticul> pleasure is desirable = its own sake2 b t happ9ess is desirable n = its own sake1 b = t ( ! p>ticul> pleasure4 ,& t ! pro( t pleasure is ! *ief good is t we are f our *ildhood attract$ to x )\t any delib]ate *oice ( our own2 & t :5 we h obta9$ x1 we d n seek any?+ fur!r1 & also t !re is no?+ :i* we avoid s mu* z we d its opposite1 :i* is pa94 ,& !y ass]t1 too1 t pleasure is a good1 ev5 if x arises f ! mo/ unbecom+ causes1 z ,hippobotus tells u 9 8 ,treatise on ,sects2 = ev5 if an action be ev] s absurd1 /ill ! pleasure :i* arises out ( x is desirable1 & a good4 ,moreov]1 ! bani%m5t ( pa91 z x is call$ by ,epicurus1 appe>s to ! ,cyr5aics n to be pleasure2 = nei!r is ! abs5ce ( pleasure pa91 = bo? pleasure & pa9 consi/ 9 motion2 & nei!r ! abs5ce ( pleasure nor ! abs5ce ( pa9 are motion4 ,9 fact1 abs5ce ( pa9 is a condition l t ( a p]son asleep4 ,!y say also t x is possible t "s p]sons may n desire pleasure1 ow+ to "s p]v]sity ( m9d2 & t all ! pleasures & pa9s ( ! m9d1 d n all orig9ate 9 pleasures & pa9s ( ! body1 = t pleasure (t5 arises f ! m]e fact ( ! prosp]ity ( "o's c\ntry1 or f "o's own2 b !y d5y t pleasure is caus$ by ei!r ! recollection or ! anticipation ( good =tune--?\gh ,epicurus ass]t$ t x 0--= ! motion ( ! m9d is put an end to by "t4 ,!y say1 too1 t pleasure is n caus$ by simple see+ or he>+4 ,accord+ly we li/5 ) pleasure to ^? :o give a repres5tation ( lam5tations2 b we are pa9$ :5 we see m5 lam5t+ 9 reality4 ,& !y call$ ! abs5ce ( pleasure & ( pa9 int]m$iate /ates2 & ass]t$ t corporeal pleasures 7 sup]ior to m5tal ones1 & corporeal suff]+s worse ?an m5tal ones4 ,& !y argu$ t x 0 on ?is pr9ciple t (f5d]s 7 puni%$ ) bodily pa92 = !y ?\ght t to suff] pa9 0 h>d1 b t to be pleas$ 0 m 9 h>mony ) ! nature ( man1 on :i* acc\nt also !y took m c>e ( ! body ?an ( ! m9d4 ,& al?\gh pleasure is desirable = its own sake1 /ill !y admit t "s ( ! effici5t causes ( x are (t5 tr\blesome1 & z su* opposite to pleasure2 s t !y ?9k t an assemblage ( all ! pleasures :i* produce happ9ess1 is ! mo/ difficult ?+ conceivable4 ,b !y admit t e wise man does n live pleasantly1 & t e bad man does n live unpleasantly1 b t x is only a g5]al rule admitt+ ( "s exceptions4 ,& !y ?9k x suffici5t if a p]son enjoys a happy "t 9 consequ5ce ( "o pleasure :i* befalls him4 ,!y say t prud5ce is a good1 b is n desirable = its own sake1 b = ! sake ( ^? ?+s :i* result f x4 ,t a fri5d is desirable = ! sake ( ! use :i* we c make ( him2 = t ! p>ts ( ! body also are lov$ :ile !y are unit$ to ! body2 & t "s ( ! virtues may exi/ ev5 9 ! fooli%4 ,!y consid] t bodily ex]cise contributes to ! compreh5sion ( virtue2 & t ! wise man w feel nei!r envy1 nor love1 nor sup]/ition2 = t ^! ?+s orig9ate 9 a fallaci\s op9ion4 ,!y admit1 at ! same "t1 t he is liable to grief & fe>1 = t ^! are natural emotions4 ,!y said also t weal? is an effici5t cause ( pleasure1 b t x is n desirable = its own sake4 ,t ! s5sations are ?+s :i* c be compreh5d$2 b !y limit$ ?is ass]tion to ! s5sations !mselves1 & did n ext5d x to ! causes :i* produce !m4 ,!y left out all inve/igation ( ! subjects ( natural philosophy because ( ! evid5t impossibility ( compreh5d+ !m2 b !y appli$ !mselves to ! /udy ( logic1 because ( its utility4 ,meleag]1 9 ! second book ( 8 ,treatise on ,op9ions & ,clitoma*us 9 ! fir/ book ( 8 ,essay on ,sects says1 t !y ?\ght natural philosophy & dialectics useless = t ! man :o _h le>nt to und]/& ! "q ( good & evil c\ld speak ) propriety1 & 0 free f sup]/ition1 & escap$ ! fe> ( dea?1 )\t ei!r4 ,!y also taught t !re 0 no?+ naturally & intr9sically j1 or hon\rable1 or disgraceful2 b t ?+s 7 consid]$ s because ( law & fa%ion4 ,! good man w d no?+ out ( ! way1 because ( ! puni%m5ts :i* are impos$ on1 & ! discr$it :i* is atta*$ to1 su* actions3 & t ! good man is a wise man4 ,!y admit1 too1 t !re is su* a ?+ z improvem5t 9 philosophy1 & 9 o!r good /udies4 ,& !y say t "o man feels grief m ?an ano!r2 & t ! s5sations are n always to be tru/$ z fai?ful guides4 ,,ix4 ,b ! philosoph]s :o 7 call$ ,hegesiaci1 adopt$ ! same *ief goods1 pleasure & pa92 & !y d5i$ t !re 0 any su* ?+ z gratitude1 or fri5d%ip1 or b5efic5ce1 because we d n *oose any ( ^? ?+s = _! own sake1 b on acc\nt ( ! use ( :i* !y are1 & on acc\nt ( ^! o!r ?+s :i* _c subsi/ )\t !m4 ,b !y tea* t complete happ9ess _c possibly exi/2 = t ! body is full ( _m s5sations1 & t ! m9d sympa?izes ) ! body1 & is tr\bl$ :5 t is tr\bl$1 & also t =tune prev5ts _m ?+s :i* we *]i%$ 9 anticipation2 s t = all ^! reasons1 p]fect happ9ess eludes our grasp4 ,moreov]1 t bo? life & dea? are desirable4 ,!y also say t !re is no?+ naturally pleasant or unpleasant1 b t ow+ to want1 or r>ity1 or satiety1 "s m5 are pleas$ & "s vex$2 & t weal? & pov]ty h no influ5ce at all on pleasure1 = t ri* m5 are n affect$ by pleasure 9 a diff]5t mann] f poor m54 ,9 ! same way !y say t slav]y & fre$om are ?+s indiff]5t1 if measur$ by ! /&>d ( pleasure1 & nobility & bas5ess ( bir?1 & glory & infamy4 ,!y add t1 = ! fooli% man x is exp$i5t to live1 b to ! wise man x is a matt] ( indiff]5ce2 & t ! wise man w d ev]y?+ = 8 own sake2 = t he w n consid] any "o else ( equal importance ) himself2 & he w see t if he 7 to obta9 ev] su* great advantages f any "o else1 !y w\ld n be equal to :at he c\ld himself be/[4 ,!y exclud$ ! s5sations1 inasmu* z !y _h no c]ta9 k ab\t !m2 b !y recomm5d$ ! do+ ( ev]y?+ :i* appe>$ consi/5t ) reason4 ,!y ass]t$ also t errors ought to meet ) p>don2 = t a man did n err int5tionally1 b because he 0 influ5c$ by "s ext]nal circum/ance2 & t "o ought n to hate a p]son :o has err$1 b only to tea* him bett]4 ,!y likewise said t ! wise man w\ld n be s mu* absorb$ 9 ! pursuit ( :at is good1 z 9 ! attempt to avoid :at is bad1 consid]+ ! *ief good to be liv+ free f all tr\ble & pa92 & t ?is end 0 atta9$ be/ by ^? :o look$ ^u ! effici5t causes ( pleasure z indiff]5t4 ,x4 ,! ,annic]eans1 9 _m respects1 agre$ ) ^! la/2 b !y admitt$ ! exi/5ce 9 life ( fri5d%ip & gratitude & respect = "o's p>5ts1 & ! pr9ciple ( endeav\r+ to s]ve "o's c\ntry4 ,on :i* pr9ciple1 ev5 if ! wise man %\ld meet ) "s annoyance1 he w\ld be no less happy--ev5 ?\gh he %\ld h b few actual pleasures4 ,!y ?\ght t ! happ9ess ( a fri5d 0 n to be desir$ by u = its own sake2 = t 9 fact su* happ9ess 0 n capable ( be+ felt by ! p]son's neighb\r2 & t reason is n suffici5t to give "o confid5ce1 & to au?orise "o to look d[n ^u ! op9ions ( ! multitude2 b t "o mu/ le>n a def]5ce = ! s5tim5ts ( o!rs by cu/om1 because ! opposite bad disposition be+ br$ up ) infirm & e>ly age4 ,!y also taught t "o ought n to l fri5ds solely on acc\nt ( ! advantage t we may d]ive f !m1 & n disc>d !m :5 ^! hopes or advantages fail2 b t we ought r to cultivate !m on acc\nt ( "o's natural feel+s ( b5evol5ce1 9 compliance ) :i* we ought also to enc\nt] tr\ble = _! sakes1 s t ?\gh !y consid] pleasure ! *ief good1 & ! deprivation ( x an evil1 /ill !y ?9k t a man ought volunt>ily to submit to ?is deprivation out ( 8 reg>d = 8 fri5d4 ,,xi4 ,! ,!odoreans1 z !y are call$1 d]iv$ _! "n f ! ,!odorus :o has be5 already m5tion$1 & adopt$ all 8 doctr9es4 ,,xii4 ,n[ ,!odorus utt]ly disc>d$ all previ\s op9ions ab\t ! ,gods3 & we h met ) a book ( 8 :i* is entitl$1 ,on ,gods1 :i* is n to be despis$2 & x is f t t !y say t ,epicurus d]iv$ ! pr9cipal portions ( 8 s5tim5ts4 ,b ,!odorus _h be5 a pupil ( ,annic]is1 & ( ,dionysius ! ,dialectician1 z ,anti/h5es tells u 9 8 ,successions ( ,philosoph]s4 ,,xiii4 ,he consid]$ joy & grief z ! *ief goods3 & t ! =m] result$ f k1 & ! latt] f ignorance4 ,& he call$ prud5ce & ju/ice goods3 ! contr>y qualities evils1 & pleasure & pa9 some?+ int]m$iate4 ,he disc>d$ fri5d%ip f 8 sy/em1 because x c\ld n exi/ ei!r 9 fooli% m5 or 9 wise m54 ,= t1 9 ! case ( ! =m]1 fri5d%ip 0 at an end ! mom5t t ! advantage to be d]iv$ f x 0 out ( sight4 ,& t wise m5 7 suffici5t = !mselves1 & s _h no ne$ ( fri5ds4 ,he us$ also to say t x 0 reasonable = a good man n to expose himself to dang] = ! sake ( 8 c\ntry1 = t he ought n to disc>d 8 own prud5ce = ! sake ( b5efit+ ^? :o _h none4 ,& he said t a wise man's c\ntry 0 ! ,_w4 ,he all[$ t a wise man might /eal1 & commit adult]y & sacrilege1 at prop] seasons3 = t none ( ^! actions 7 disgraceful by nature1 if "o only put out ( sight ! common op9ion ab\t !m1 :i* owes its exi/5ce to ! cons5t ( fools4 ,& he said t ! wise man w\ld indulge 8 passions op5ly1 )\t any reg>d to circum/ances3 on :i* pr9ciple he us$ to ask ! foll[+ que/ions3 8,is a woman :o is well in/ruct$ 9 lit]ature ( use j 9 proportion to ! am\nt ( h] lit]>y k80 8,yes10 said ! p]son que/ion$4 8,& is a boy1 & is a y\?1 useful 9 proportion to 8 acqua9tance ) lit]ature80 8,yes40 8,is n !n1 also1 a beautiful woman useful 9 proportion z %e is beautiful2 & a boy & a y\? useful 9 proportion to _! beauty80 8,yes40 8,well1 !n1 a h&some boy & a h&some y\? mu/ be useful exactly 9 proportion z !y are h&some80 8,yes40 8,n[ ! use ( beauty is1 to be embrac$40 ,& :5 ?is 0 grant$ he press$ ! argum5t ?us3--,if !n a man embraces a woman j z x is useful t he %\ld1 he does n d wrong2 nor1 aga91 w he be do+ wrong 9 employ+ beauty = ! purposes = :i* x is useful4 ,& ) su* que/ions z ^! he appe>$ to conv9ce 8 he>]s4 ,,xiv4 ,b he appe>s to h got ! "n ( f ,/ilpo "o day ask+ him1 8,are y1 ,!odorus1 :at y say y are80 ,& :5 he said he 01 8,& y said t y are 10 cont9u$ 8 que/ion]2 he admitt$ t also4 8,!n10 cont9u$ ! o!r1 8y are 40 ,& z he will+ly receiv$ ! title1 ! o!r laugh$ & said1 8,b y1 wret*$ man1 accord+ to ?is pr9ciple1 y w\ld also admit t y 7 a rav51 or a hundr$ o!r ?+s40 ,"o day ,!odorus sat d[n by ,euryclides ! hi]ophant1 & said to him1 8,tell me n[1 ,euryclides1 :o are !y :o behave impi\sly ) respect to ! my/]ies80 ,& :5 ,euryclides answ]$1 8,^? :o divulge !m to ! un9itiat$20 8,!n10 said he1 8y also are impi\s1 = y divulge !m to ^? :o are n initiat$40 ,,xv4 ,& inde$ he 0 v ne> be+ br\ght be=e ! ,areopagus if ,demetrius ( ,phal]eus _h n sav$ him4 ,b ,amphicrates 9 8 ,essay on ,illu/ri\s ,m51 says t he 0 condemn$ to dr9k hemlock4 ,,xvi4 ,:ile he 0 /ay+ at ! c\rt ( ,ptolemy1 ! son ( ,lagus1 he 0 s5t once by him to ,lysima*us z an ambassador4 ,& z he 0 talk+ v freely1 ,lysima*us said to him1 8,tell me1 ,!odorus1 h n y be5 bani%$ f ,a!ns80 ,& he repli$1 8y h be5 rightly in=m$2 = ! city ( ! ,a!nians c\ld n be> me1 j z ,semele c\ld n be> ,bac*us2 & s we 7 bo? ca/ out40 ,& :5 ,lysima*us said aga91 8,take c>e t y d n come to me aga920 8,i nev] w10 he repli$1 8unless ,ptolemy s5ds me40 ,& z ,my?ras1 ! /ew>d ( ,lysima*us 0 pres5t1 & said1 8,y appe> to me to be ! only p]son :o ignores bo? ,gods & ,sov]eigns20 8,h[10 rejo9$ ,!odorus1 8c y say t ,i ignore ! ,gods1 :5 ,i look ^u y z _! enemy80 ,,xvii4 ,!y say also t on "o occasion he came to ,cor9?1 br++ ) him a great _m disciples2 & t ,metrocles ! ,cynic1 :o 0 wa%+ leeks1 said to him1 8,y1 :o are a ,sophi/1 w\ld n h want$ s _m pupils1 if y _h wa%$ vegetables40 ,& ,!odorus1 tak+ him up1 repli$1 8,& if y _h kn[n h[ to associate ) m51 y w\ld n h c>$ ab\t ^? vegetables40 ,b ?is rejo9d]1 z ,i h said already1 is attribut$ bo? to ,diog5es & ,ari/ippus4 ,,xviii4 ,su* 0 ,!odorus1 & su* 7 8 circum/ances & op9ions4 ,b at la/ he w5t away to ,cyr5e1 & liv$ !re ) ,megas1 be+ treat$ by him ) ! greate/ di/9ction4 ,& :5 he 0 fir/ driv5 away f ,cyr5e1 he is report$ to h said v pleasantly1 8,y d wrong1 ,o m5 ( ,cyr5e1 driv+ me f ,africa to ,greece40 ,,xix4 ,b !re 7 tw5ty diff]5t p ( ! "n ( ,!odorus4 ,! fir/ 0 a ,samian1 ! son ( ,rhcus2 he x 0 :o advis$ ! putt+ ( coals "u ! f\ndations ( ! temple ( ,diana at ,ephesus2 = z ! gr\nd 0 v swampy1 he said t ! coals1 hav+ got rid ( _! ligne\s qualities1 w\ld reta9 _! solidity 9 a way t c\ld n be impair$ by wat]4 ,! second 0 a ,cyr5ean1 a geometrician1 & _h ,plato = "o ( 8 pupils4 ,! ?ird 0 ! philosoph] :om we h be5 describ+4 ,! f\r? 0 an au?or :o wrote a v rem>kable treatise on ! art ( ex]cis+ ! voice4 ,! fif? 0 a man :o wrote a treatise on ,musical ,compos]s1 beg9n+ ) ,t]p&]4 ,! six? 0 a ,/oic4 ,! sev5? 0 ! hi/orian ( ,rome4 ,! eigh? 0 a ,syracusan1 :o wrote an ,essay on ,tactics4 ,! n9? 0 a citiz5 ( ,byzantium1 :o 0 a political orator4 ,! t5? 0 ano!r orator1 :o is m5tion$ by ,ari/otle 9 8 ,epitome ( ! ,orators4 ,! elev5? 0 a ,!ban1 a /atu>y4 ,! twelf? 0 a pa9t]1 :o is m5tion$ by ,polemo4 ,! ?irte5? 0 also a pa9t]1 :o is spok5 ( by ,m5odotus4 ,! f\rte5? 0 an ,ephesian1 a pa9t]1 m5tion$ by ,!ophanes 9 8 ,essay on ,pa9t+4 ,! fifte5? 0 an epigrammatic poet4 ,! sixte5? wrote an essay on ,poets4 ,! sev5te5? 0 a physician1 a pupil ( ,a!nu4 ,! eighte5? 0 a ,*ian1 a ,/oic philosoph]4 ,! n9ete5? 0 a citiz5 ( ,miletus1 ano!r ,/oic4 ,! tw5tie? 0 a tragic poet4 ,,life ,,( ,,ph,,d4 ,i4 ,phd ! ,elean1 "o ( ! ,eupatrid1 0 tak5 prison] at ! "t ( ! subjugation ( 8 c\ntry1 & 0 compell$ to submit to ! vile/ treatm5t4 ,b :ile he 0 /&+ 9 ! /reet1 %utt+ ! door1 he met ) ,socrates1 :o desir$ ,alcibiades1 or z "s say1 ,crito1 to ransom him4 ,& aft] t "t he /udi$ philosophy z became a free man4 ,b ,hi]onymus1 9 8 essay on susp5d+ "o's judgm5t1 calls him a slave4 ,,ii4 ,& he wrote dialogues1 ( :i* we h g5u9e copies2 by "n--,zopyrus1 ,simon1 & ,nicias 7b ! g5u95ess ( ?is "o is disput$72 ,m$ius1 :i* "s p attribute to s*9es1 & o!rs to ,polynus2 ,antima*us1 or ! ,eld]s 7?is too is a disput$ "o72 ! ,scy?ian disc\rses1 & ^!1 too1 "s attribute to s*9es4 ,,iii4 ,b 8 successor 0 ,pli/anus ( ,elis2 & ! next 9 succession to him 7 ,m5$emus ( ,eretria1 & ,asclepiades ( ,phlius1 :o came ov] f ,/ilpo4 ,& d[n to ! age ( ^! la/1 !y 7 call$ ! ,eliac s*ool2 b aft] ! "t ( ,m5$emus1 !y 7 call$ ! ,eretrians4 ,& we w speak ( ,m5$emus h]eaft]1 because he 0 ! f\nd] ( a new sect4 ,,life ,,( ,,euclides4 ,i4 ,euclides 0 a native ( ,meg>a on ! ,i/hmus1 or ( ,gela1 accord+ to "s writ]s1 ^: /atem5t is m5tion$ by ,alex&] 9 8 ,successions4 ,he devot$ himself to ! /udy ( ! writ+s ( ,p>m5ides2 & 8 successors 7 call$ ! philosoph]s ( ! ,meg>ic s*ool2 aft] t !y 7 call$ ! ,cont5ti\s s*ool1 & /ill lat]1 ! ,dialecticians1 :i* "n 0 fir/ giv5 to !m by ,dionysius ! ,c>?ag9ian2 because !y c>ri$ on _! inve/igations by "q & answ]4 ,h]modorus says t aft] ! dea? ( ,socrates1 ,plato & ! o!r philosoph]s came to ,euclides1 because !y fe>$ ! cruelty ( ! tyrants4 ,,ii4 ,he us$ to tea* t ! *ief good is unity2 b t x is kn[n by sev]al names2 = at "o "t p call x prud5ce2 at ano!r "t ,god2 at ano!r "t intellect1 & s on4 ,b ev]y?+ :i* 0 contr>y to good1 he disc>d$1 d5y+ its exi/5ce4 ,& ! pro(s :i* he us$ to br+ =w>d to support 8 argum5ts1 7 n ^? :i* proce$ on assumptions1 b on conclusions4 ,he also reject$ all t sort ( reason+ :i* proce$s on comp>ison1 say+ t x mu/ be f\nd$ ei!r on ?+s :i* are l1 or on ?+s :i* are unlike4 ,if on ?+s :i* are l1 !n x is bett] to reason ab\t ! ?+s !mselves1 ?an ab\t ^? :i* resemble !m2 & if on ?+s :i* are unlike1 !n ! comp>ison is q useless4 ,& on ?is acc\nt ,timon uses ! foll[+ language conc]n+ him1 :]e he also attacks all ! o!r philosoph]s ( ! ,socratic s*ool3-- ,b ,i d c>e = none ( all ^! trifl]s1 ,nor = any "o else2 n = y\r ,phdon1 ,:oev] he may be2 n = ! qu>relsome ,euclides1 :o bit all ! ,meg>eans ,) love ( fi]ce cont5tion4 ,,iii4 ,he wrote six dialogues--! ,lamprias1 ! s*9es1 ! ,phnix1 ! ,crito1 ! ,alcibiades1 & ! ,amatory dialogue4 ,,iv4 ,next 9 succession to ,euclides1 came ,eubulides ( ,miletus1 :o h&$ d[n a great _m argum5ts 9 dialectics2 su* z ! ,ly+ "o2 ! ,conceal$ "o2 ! ,electra2 ! ,veil$ "o2 ! ,sorites2 ! ,horn$ "o2 ! ,bald "o4#bf ,& "o ( ! ,comic poets speaks ( him 9 ! foll[+ t]ms3-- ,eubulides1 t mo/ cont5ti\s sophi/1 ,ask+ 8 horn$ quibbles1 & p]plex+ ,! natives ) 8 false arrogant spee*es1 ,has gone ) all ! flu5cy ( ,demo/h5es4 ,= x seems t ,demo/h5es _h be5 8 pupil1 & t be+ at fir/ unable to pron\nce ! ,r1 he got rid ( t defect4 ,eubulides _h a qu>rel ) ,ari/otle1 & 0 con/antly attack+ him4 ,v4 ,among ! diff]5t p :o succe$$ ,eubulides1 0 ,alex9us ( ,elis1 a man v fond ( argum5t1 on :i* acc\nt he 0 nicknam$ 4#bg ,he _h an especial qu>rel ) ,z5o2 & ,h]mippus relates ( him t he w5t f ,elis to ,olympia1 & /udi$ philosophy !re2 & t :5 8 pupils ask$ him :y he liv$ !re1 he said t he wi%$ to e/abli% a s*ool :i* %\ld be call$ ! ,olympic s*ool2 b t 8 pupils be+ 9 di/ress1 ?r\gh want ( means ( support1 & f9d+ ! situation unheal?y = !m1 left him2 & t aft] t ,alex9us liv$ by himself1 ) only "o s]vant4 ,& aft] t1 :5 swimm+ 9 ! ,alpheus1 he 0 prick$ by a re$1 & ! injury prov$ fatal1 & he di$4 ,& we h writt5 an epigram on him :i* runs ?us3-- ,!n ! report1 alas6 0 true1 ,t an unhappy man1 ,:ile swimm+ tore 8 foot aga9/ a nail ,= ! illu/ri\s sage1 ,good ,alex9us1 swimm+ 9 ! ,alpheus1 ,di$ f a ho/ile re$4 ,& he wrote n only aga9/ ,z5o1 b he compos$ o!r works also1 especially "o aga9/ ,ephorus ! hi/orian4 ,,vi4 ,"o ( ! s*ool ( ,eubulides 0 ,euphantus ( ,olyn?us1 :o wrote a hi/ory ( ! ev5ts ( 8 own "t2 he also compos$ sev]al trag$ies1 = :i* he got great di/9ction at ! fe/ivals4 ,& he 0 ! preceptor ( ,antigonus1 ! k+ to :om he d$icat$ a treatise on ,mon>*y1 :i* _h an exce$+ly high reputation4 ,& at la/ he di$ ( old age4 ,,vii4 ,!re are also o!r pupils ( ,eubulides1 among :om is ,apollonius ,cronus1 :o 0 ! preceptor ( ,diodorus ( ,iasos1 ! son ( ,am9ias2 & he too 0 surnam$ ,cronus1 & is ?us m5tion$ by ,callima*us 9 8 epigrams3-- ,momus himself did c>ve ^u ! walls1 ,cronus is wise4 ,& he 0 a dialectician1 &1 z "s believe1 he 0 ! fir/ p]son :o inv5t$ ! ,conceal$ argum5t1 & ! ,horn$ "o4 ,:5 he 0 /ay+ at ! c\rt ( ,ptolemy ,sot]1 he _h sev]al dialectic que/ions put to him by ,/ilpo2 & z he 0 n able to solve !m at ! mom5t1 he 0 reproa*$ by ! k+ ) _m h>d words1 & among o!r ?+s1 he 0 nicknam$ ,cronus1 out ( d]ision4 ,s he left ! banquet1 & wrote an essay on ! "q ( ,/ilpo1 & !n di$ ( despond5cy4 ,& we h writt5 ! foll[+ epigram on him3-- ,o ,diodorus ,cronus1 :at sad fate ,buri$ y 9 despair8 ,s t y ha/5$ to ! %ades bel[1 ,p]plex$ by ,/ilpo's quibbles-- ,y w\ld des]ve y\r "n ( ,cronus#bh bett]1 ,if ,c & r 7 gone4 ,,viii4 ,"o ( ! successors ( ,euclides 0 ,ic?yas1 ! son ( ,metellus1 a man ( great em95ce1 to :om ,diog5es ! ,cynic address$ a dialogue4 ,& ,cl9oma*us ( ,?urii1 :o 0 ! fir/ p]son :o ev] wrote ab\t axioms & categorems1 & ?+s ( t k9d4 ,& ,/ilpo ! ,meg>ian1 a mo/ illu/ri\s philosoph]1 :om we mu/ n[ speak (4 ,,life ,,( ,,/ilpo4 ,i4 ,/ilpo1 a native ( ,meg>a 9 ,greece1 0 a pupil ( "s ( ,euclides' s*ool4 ,b "s say t he 0 a pupil ( ,euclides himself4 ,& also ( ,?rasyma*us1 ! ,cor9?ian1 :o 0 a fri5d ( ,ic?yas1 z ,h]aclides in=ms u4 ,,ii4 ,& he 0 s mu* sup]ior to all 8 fell[s 9 comm& ( words & 9 acut5ess1 t x may almo/ be said t all ,greece fix$ its eyes ^u him1 & jo9$ ! ,meg>ic s*ool4 ,& conc]n+ him ,philippus ( ,meg>a speaks ?us1 ^w = ^w3--8,= he c>ri$ (f f ,!ophra/us1 ,metrodorus ! speculative philosoph]1 & ,timagoras ( ,gela2 & ,ari/otle ! ,cyr5aic1 he robb$ ( ,clit>*us & ,simias2 & f ! dialecticians' s*ool also he won m5 ov]1 c>ry+ (f ,poneius f ,ari/ides1 & ,diphilus ( ! ,bosphorus f ,euphantus1 & also ,myrmex ( ! ,v5etes1 :o _h bo? come to him to argue aga9/ him1 b !y became conv]ts & 8 disciples40 ,& besides ^! m51 he attract$ to 8 s*ool ,phrasidemus ! ,p]ipatetic1 a natural philosoph] ( great ability2 & ,alcimus ! rhetorician1 ! mo/ em95t orator 9 all ,greece at t "t2 & he won ov] ,crates1 & great numb]s ( o!rs1 & among !m ,z5o ! ,phnician4 ,,iii4 ,& he 0 v fond ( ! /udy ( politics4 ,& he 0 m>ri$4 ,b he liv$ also ) a c\rtesan1 nam$ ,nic>ete1 z ,onetor tells u some:]e4 ,& he _h a lic5ti\s daught]1 :o 0 m>ri$ to a fri5d ( 8 nam$ ,simias1 a citiz5 ( ,syracuse4 ,& z %e w\ld n live 9 an ord]ly mann]1 "s "o told ,/ilpo t %e 0 a disgrace to him4 ,b he said1 8,%e is n m a disgrace to me ?an ,i am an hon\r to h]40 ,,iv4 ,ptolemy ,sot]1 x is said1 receiv$ him ) great hon\r2 & :5 he _h made himself ma/] ( ,meg>a1 he gave him money1 & invit$ him to sail ) him to ,egypt4 ,b he accept$ only a mod]ate sum ( money1 & decl9$ ! j\rney propos$ to him1 b w5t ov] to g9a1 until ,ptolemy _h sail$4 ,also :5 ,demetrius1 ! son ( ,antigonus _h tak5 ,meg>a1 he ord]$ ,/ilpo's h\se to be sav$1 & took c>e t ev]y?+ t _h be5 plund]$ f him %\ld be re/or$ to him4 ,b :5 he wi%$ ,/ilpo to give him 9 a li/ ( all t he _h lo/1 he said t he _h lo/ no?+ ( 8 own2 = t no "o _h tak5 f him 8 le>n+1 & t he /ill _h 8 eloqu5ce & 8 k4 ,& he conv]s$ ) ,demetrius on ! subject ( do+ good to m5 ) su* p[]1 t he became a zeal\s he>] ( 84 ,v4 ,!y say t he once put su* a "q z ?is to a man1 ab\t ! ,m9]va ( ,phidias3--8,is ,m9]va ! ,goddess ! daught] ( ,jupit]80 ,& :5 ! o!r said1 8,yes20 8,b ?is10 said he1 8is n ! *ild ( ,jupit]1 b ( ,phidias40 ,& :5 he agre$ t x 0 s--8,?is !n10 he cont9u$1 8is n a ,god40 ,& :5 he 0 br\ght be=e ! ,areopagus = ?is spee*1 he did n d5y x1 b ma9ta9$ t he _h spok5 correctly2 = t %e 0 n a ,god 77 b a ,goddess 772 = t ,gods 7 ( ! male sex only4#bi ,h[ev] ! judges ( ! ,areopagus ord]$ him to leave ! city2 & on ?is occasion1 ,!odorus1 :o 0 nicknam$ 1 said 9 d]ision1 8,:5ce did ,/ilpo le>n ?is8 & h[ c\ld he tell :e!r %e 0 a ,god or a ,goddess80 ,b ,!odorus 0 9 tru? a mo/ impud5t fell[4 ,b ,/ilpo 0 a mo/ witty & elegant-m9d$ man4 ,accord+ly :5 ,crates ask$ him if ! ,gods delight$ 9 adoration & pray]2 !y say t he answ]$1 8,d n ask ^! que/ions1 y fooli% man1 9 ! road1 b 9 private40 ,& !y say too t ,bion1 :5 he 0 ask$ :e!r !re 7 any ,gods1 answ]$ 9 ! same _s3-- 8,w y n fir/1 ,o6 mis]able old man1 ,remove ! multitude80 ,,vi4 ,b ,/ilpo 0 a man ( simple "*1 & free f all trick & humbug1 & univ]sally affable4 ,accord+ly1 :5 ,crates ! ,cynic once refus$ to answ] a "q t he _h put to him1 & only insult$ 8 que/ion]--8,i knew10 said ,/ilpo1 8t he w\ld say any?+ r ?an :at he ought40 ,& once he put a "q to him1 & (f]$ him a fig at ! same "t2 s he took ! fig & ate x1 on :i* ,crates said1 8,o ,h]cules1 ,i h lo/ my fig40 8,n only t10 he repli$1 8b y h lo/ y\r "q too1 ( :i* ! fig 0 ! pl$ge40 ,at ano!r "t1 he saw ,crates %iv]+ 9 ! w9t]1 & said to him1 8,crates1 y seem to me to want a new dress10 mean+1 bo? a new m9d & a new g>m5t2 & ,crates1 feel+ a%am$1 answ]$ him 9 ! foll[+ p>ody3-- 8,!re#cj ,/ilpo too1 ?r\gh ! ,meg>ian b\nds1 ,p\rs out deep groans1 :]e ,typhon's voice res\nds1 ,& !re he (t do? argue1 :ile a s*ool ,( eag] pupils owns 8 subtle rule1 ,& virtue's "n ) eag] *ase pursues40 ,& x is said t at ,a!ns he attract$ all ! citiz5s to su* a degree1 t !y us$ to run f _! work%ops to look at him2 & :5 "s "o said to him1 8,:y1 ,/ilpo1 !y wond] at y z if y 7 a wild bea/10 he repli$1 8,n s2 b z a real g5u9e man40 ,,vii4 ,& he 0 a v clev] argu]2 & reject$ ! !ory ( species4 ,& he us$ to say t a p]son :o spoke ( man 9 g5]al1 0 speak+ ( nobody2 = t he 0 n speak+ ( ?is individual1 nor ( t "o2 = speak+ 9 g5]al1 h[ c he speak m ( ?is p]son ?an ( t p]son8 !re=e he is n speak+ ( ?is p]son at all4 ,ano!r ( 8 illu/rations 01 8,t :i* is %[n to me1 is n a vegetable2 = a vegetable exi/$ t5 ?\s& ye>s ago1 !re=e ?is is n a vegetable40 ,& !y say t once :5 he 0 conv]s+ ) ,crates1 he int]rupt$ ! disc\rse to g (f & buy "s fi%2 & z ,crates tri$ to drag him back1 & said1 8,y are leav+ ! argum5t20 8,n at all10 he repli$1 8,i keep ! argum5t1 b ,i am leav+ y2 = ! argum5t rema9s1 b ! fi% w be sold to "s "o else40 ,,viii4 ,!re are n9e dialogues ( 8 extant1 writt5 9 a frigid /yle3 ,! ,mos*us2 ! ,ari/ippus or ,callias2 ! ,ptolemy2 ! ,*recrates2 ! ,metrocles2 ! ,anaxim5es2 ! ,epig5es2 ! "o entitl$ ,to my ,daught]1 & ! ,ari/otle4 ,,ix4 ,h]aclides affirms t ,z5o1 ! f\nd] ( ! ,/oic s*ool1 _h be5 "o ( 8 pupils4 ,x4 ,h]mippus says t he di$ at a great age1 aft] dr9k+ "s w9e1 9 ord] to die m rapidly4 ,& we h writt5 ?is epigram ^u him3-- ,/rang]1 old age at fir/1 & !n disease1 ,a hateful pair1 did lay wise ,/ilpo l[4 ,! pride ( ,meg>a3 he f\nd good w9e ,! be/ ( driv]s = 8 m\rnful coa*1 ,& dr9k+ x1 he drove on to ! end4 ,& he 0 ridicul$ by ,sophilus ! comic poet1 9 8 play call$ ,m>riages3-- ,! dregs ( ,/ilpo make ! :ole disc\rse ( ?is ,*>9us4 ,,life ,,( ,,crito4 ,i4 ,crito 0 an ,a!nian4 ,he look$ ^u ,socrates ) ! greate/ affection2 & paid su* great att5tion to him1 t he took c>e t he %\ld nev] be 9 want ( any?+4 ,,ii4 ,8 sons also 7 all con/ant pupils ( ,socrates1 & _! names 7 ,critobulus1 ,h]mog5es1 ,epig5es1 & ,ctesippus4 ,,iii4 ,crito wrote sev5te5 dialogues1 :i* 7 all publi%$ 9 "o volume2 & ,i subjo9 _! titles3--,t m5 are n made good by ,tea*+2 on ,sup]fluity2 :at is ,suitable1 or ! ,/atesman2 on ! ,hon\rable2 on do+ ill2 on ,good ,gov]nm5t2 on ,law2 on ! ,div9e ,be+2 on ,arts2 on ,society2 ,protagoras1 or ! ,/atesman2 on ,lett]s2 on ,political ,sci5ce2 on ! ,hon\rable2 on ,le>n+2 on ,k2 on ,sci5ce2 on :at ,k is4 ,,life ,,( ,,simon4 ,i4 ,simon 0 an ,a!nian1 a lea!r-cutt]4 ,he1 :5ev] ,socrates came into 8 work%op & conv]s$1 us$ to make memor&ums ( all 8 say+s t he recollect$4 ,,ii4 ,& f ?is circum/ance1 p h call$ 8 dialogues lea!rn ones4 ,b he has writt5 ?irty-?ree :i*1 h[ev]1 are all comb9$ 9 "o volume3--,on ! ,gods2 on ! ,good2 on ! ,hon\rable2 :at ! ,hon\rable is2 ! fir/ ,dialogue on ,ju/ice2 ! second ,dialogue on ,ju/ice2 on ,virtue1 %[+ t x is n to be taught2 ! fir/ ,dialogue on ,c\rage2 ! second2 ! ?ird2 on ,laws2 on ! ,art ( ,guid+ ! ,p2 on ,hon\r2 on ,poetry2 on ,good ,heal?2 on ,love2 on ,philosophy2 on ,k2 on ,music2 on ,poetry2 on :at ! ,hon\rable is2 on ,tea*+2 on ,conv]sation2 on ,judgm5t2 on ! ,exi/5t2 on ,numb]2 on ,dilig5ce2 on ,activity2 on ,covet\sness2 on ,insol5ce2 on ! ,hon\rable2 ,"s also add to ^! dialogues2 on tak+ ,c\nsel2 on ,reason or ,suitabl5ess2 on do+ ,h>m4 ,,iii4 ,he is1 z "s p say1 ! fir/ writ] :o r$uc$ ! conv]sations ( ,socrates into ! =m ( dialogues4 ,& :5 ,p]icles (f]$ to provide = him1 & invit$ him to come to him1 he said t he w\ld n sell 8 fre$om ( spee*4 ,,iv4 ,!re 0 also ano!r ,simon1 :o wrote a treatise on ,oratorical ,art4 ,& ano!r1 :o 0 a physician 9 ! "t ( ,seleucus ,nicanor4 ,& ano!r1 :o 0 a /atu>y4 ,,life ,,( ,,glauco4 ,glauco 0 an ,a!nian2 & !re are n9e dialogues ( 8 extant1 :i* are all conta9$ 9 "o volume4 ,! ,phidylus2 ! ,euripides2 ! ,amynti*ias2 ! ,eu?ias2 ! ,lysi?ides2 ! ,ari/ophanes2 ! ,cephalus2 ! ,anaxiphemus2 ! ,m5ex5us4 ,!re are ?irty-two o!rs :i* g "u 8 "n1 b !y are spuri\s4 ,,life ,,( ,,simias4 ,simias 0 a ,!ban2 & !re are tw5ty-?ree dialogues ( 8 extant1 conta9$ 9 "o s+le volume4 ,on ,wisdom2 on ,ratioc9ation2 on ,music2 on ,v]ses2 on ,=titude2 on ,philosophy2 on ,tru?2 on ,lett]s2 on ,tea*+2 on ,art2 on ,gov]nm5t2 on :at is ,becom+2 on :at is ,eligible1 & :at ,prop] to be ,avoid$2 on ,a ,fri5d2 on ,k2 on ! ,s\l2 on ,liv+ ,well2 on :at is ,possible2 on ,money2 on ,life2 on :at ! ,hon\rable is2 on ,indu/ry2 & on ,love4 ,,life ,,( ,,cebes4 ,cebes 0 a ,!ban1 & !re are ?ree dialogues ( 8 extant4 ,! ,tablet2 ! ,sev5?2 & ! ,phryni*us4 ,,life ,,( ,,m5$emus4 ,i4 ,?is ,m5$emus 0 "o ( ^? :o belong$ to ! s*ool ( ,phd2 & he 0 "o ( ^? :o are call$ ,!opropid1 be+ ! son ( ,cli/h5es1 a man ( noble family1 b a poor man & a build]4 ,& "s say t he 0 a t5t-mak]1 & t ,m5$emus himself le>n$ bo? trades4 ,on :i* acc\nt1 :5 he on "o occasion br\ght =w>d a motion = "s decree1 a man ( ! "n ( ,alex9ius attack$ him1 say+ t a wise man _h no ne$ to draw a t5t nor a decree4 ,,ii4 ,b :5 ,m5$emus 0 s5t by ! ,eretrians to ,meg>a1 z "o ( ! g>rison1 he des]t$ ! re/1 & w5t to ! ,academy to ,plato2 & be+ *>m$ by him1 he ab&on$ ! army altoge!r4 ,& :5 ,asclepiades1 ! ,phliasian1 drew him ov] to him1 he w5t & liv$ 9 ,meg>a1 ne> ,/ilpo1 & !y bo? became 8 disciples4 ,& f !nce !y sail$ to ,elis1 :]e !y jo9$ ,an*ipylus & ,mos*us1 :o belong$ to ,phd's s*ool4 ,& up to ?is "t1 z ,i h already m5tion$ 9 my acc\nt ( ,phd1 !y 7 call$ ,eleans2 & !y 7 also call$ ,eretrians1 f ! native c\ntry ( ,m5$emus1 ( :om ,i am n[ speak+4 ,,iii4 ,n[ ,m5$emus appe>s to h be5 a v sev]e & rigid man1 on :i* acc\nt ,crates1 p>ody+ a description1 speaks ( him ?us3-- ,& ,asclepiades ! sage ( ,phlius1 ,& ! ,eretrian bull4 ,& ,timon m5tions him ?us3-- ,rise up1 y fr[n+1 bri/l+1 fro?y sage4 ,& he 0 a man ( su* excessive rig\r ( pr9ciple1 t :5 ,eurylo*us1 ( ,cass&rea1 _h be5 invit$ by ,antigonus1 to come to him 9 company ) ,cleippides1 a y\? ( ,cyzicus1 he refus$ to g1 = he 0 afraid le/ ,m5$emus %\ld he> ( x2 = he 0 v sev]e 9 8 repro(s1 & v free spok54 ,accord+ly1 :5 a "y man behav$ ) boldness t[>ds him1 he did n say a ^w1 b took a bit ( /ick & drew on ! floor an insult+ picture2 until ! "y man1 p]ceiv+ ! insult t 0 meant 9 ! pres5ce ( numb]s ( p1 w5t away4 ,& :5 ,hi]ocles1 ! gov]nor ( ! ,piru1 attack$ him 9 ! temple ( ,amphi>aus1 & said a great deal ab\t ! tak+ ( ,eretria1 he made no o!r reply beyond ask+ him :at ,antigonus's object 0 9 treat+ him z he did4 ,on ano!r occasion1 he said to a pr(ligate man :o 0 giv+ himself airs1 8,d n y "k t ! cabbage is n ! only plant t has a pleasant juice1 b t radi%es h x also80 ,& once1 he>+ a "y man talk v l\dly1 he said1 8,see :om y h beh9d y40 ,:5 ,antigonus consult$ him :e!r he %\ld g to a c]ta9 revel1 he made no answ] beyond desir+ ^? :o br\ght him ! message1 to tell him t he 0 ! son ( a k+4 ,:5 a /upid fell[ once said some?+ at r&om to him1 he ask$ him :e!r he _h a f>m2 & :5 he said t he _h1 & a l>ge /ock ( cattle1 he said1 8,g !n & look aft] !m2 le/1 if y neglect !m1 y lose !m1 & t elegant ru/icity ( y\rs ) !m40 ,he 0 once ask$ :e!r a good man %\ld m>ry1 & 8 reply 01 8,d ,i seem to y to be a good man1 or n80 & :5 ! o!r said he did2 8,well10 said he1 8& ,i am m>ri$40 ,on "o occasion a p]son said t !re 7 a great _m good ?+s1 s he ask$ him h[ _m2 & :e!r he ?\ght t !re 7 m ?an a hundr$4 ,& z he c\ld n be> ! extravagance ( "o man :o us$ frequ5tly to invite him to d9n]1 once :5 he 0 invit$ he did n say a s+le ^w1 b admoni%$ him ( 8 extravagance 9 sil5ce1 by eat+ no?+ b olives4 ,,iv4 ,on acc\nt !n ( ! great fre$om ( spee* 9 :i* he indulg$1 he 0 v ne> :ile 9 ,cyprus1 at ! c\rt ( ,nicocreon1 be+ 9 great dang] ) 8 fri5d ,asclepiades4 ,= :5 ! k+ 0 celebrat+ a fe/ival at ! beg9n+ ( ! mon?1 & _h invit$ !m z he did all ! o!r philosoph]s2 ,m5$emus said1 8,if ! assemblage ( su* m5 z are met "h to-day is good1 a fe/ival l ?is ought to be celebrat$ e day3 b if x is n good1 ev5 once is too (t540 ,& z ! tyrant made answ] to ?is spee*1 8t he kept ?is fe/ival 9 ord] to h leisure 9 x to li/5 to ! philosoph]s10 he behav$ ) ev5 m au/]ity ?an usual1 argu+1 ev5 :ile ! fea/ 0 go+ on1 t x 0 "r on e occasion to li/5 to philosoph]s2 & he w5t on 9 ?is way till1 if a flute-play] _h n int]rupt$ _! discussion1 !y w\ld h be5 put to dea?4 ,9 ref]5ce to :i*1 :5 !y 7 ov]tak5 by a /orm 9 a %ip1 !y say t ,asclepiades said1 8t ! f9e play+ ( a flute-play] _h sav$ !m1 b ! fre$om ( spee* ( ,m5$emus _h ru9$ !m40 ,v4 ,b he 01 !y say1 incl9$ to dep>t a good deal f ! usual habits & discipl9e ( a s*ool1 s t he nev] reg>d$ any ord]1 nor 7 ! seats arrang$ ar\nd prop]ly1 b e "o li/5$ to him :ile lectur+1 /&+ up or sitt+ d[n1 j z he might *ance to be at ! mom5t1 ,m5$emus himself sett+ ! example ( ?is irregul> conduct4 ,,vi4 ,b 9 o!r respects1 x is said t he 0 a n]v\s man1 & v fond ( glory2 s t1 z previ\sly he & ,asclepiades _h be5 fell[ j\rneym5 ( a build]1 :5 ,asclepiades 0 nak$ on ! ro( c>ry+ mort>1 ,m5$emus w\ld /& 9 front ( him to scre5 him :5 he saw any "o com+4 ,,vii4 ,:5 he appli$ himself to politics he 0 s n]v\s t once1 :5 sett+ d[n ! inc5se1 he actually miss$ ! inc5se burn]4 ,& on "o occasion1 :5 ,crates 0 /&+ by him1 & reproa*+ him = m$dl+ ) politics1 he ord]$ "s m5 to put him 9 prison4 ,b he1 ev5 !n1 cont9u$ n ! less to wat* him z he pass$1 & to /& on tiptoe & call him ,agamemnon & ,hegesipolis4 ,,viii4 ,he 0 also 9 "s degree sup]/iti\s4 ,accord+ly1 once1 :5 he 0 at an inn ) ,asclepiades1 & _h un9t5tionally eat5 "s meat t _h be5 ?r[n away1 :5 he 0 told ( x he became sick1 & turn$ pale1 until ,asclepiades rebuk$ him1 tell+ him t x 0 n ! meat itself :i* di/urb$ him1 b only ! idea t he _h adopt$4 ,b 9 o!r respects he 0 a high m9d$ man1 ) notions su* z became a g5tleman4 ,,ix4 ,z to 8 habit ( body1 ev5 :5 he 0 an old man he reta9$ all ! firmness & vig\r ( an a?lete1 ) firm fle%1 & a ruddy complexion1 & v /\t & fre% look+4 ,9 /ature he 0 ( mod]ate size2 z is pla9 f ! /atue ( him :i* is at ,eretria1 9 ! ,old ,/adium4 ,= he is !re repres5t$ seat$ almo/ nak$1 und\bt$ly = ! purpose ( display+ ! great] "p ( 8 body4 ,x4 ,he 0 v hospitable & fond ( ent]ta9+ 8 fri5ds2 & because ,eretria 0 unheal?y1 he us$ to h a great _m p>ties1 p>ticul>ly ( poets & musicians4 ,& he 0 v fond ( ,aratus & ,lycophon ! tragic poet1 & ,antagoras ( ,rhodes4 ,& above all he appli$ himself to ! /udy ( ,hom]2 & next to him to t ( ! ,lyric poets2 !n to ,sophocles1 & also to ,a*u1 to :om he assign$ ! second place z a writ] ( satiric dramas1 giv+ s*ylus ! fir/4 ,& x is f ,a*u t he quot$ ^! v]ses aga9/ ! politicians ( ! opposite p>ty3-- ,a spe$y runn] once 0 ov]tak5 ,by weak] m5 ?an he4 ,an eagle too1 ,0 beat5 by a tortoise 9 a race4 ,& ^! l9es are out ( ! satiric play ( ,a*u1 call$ ,omphale2 s t !y are mi/ak5 :o say t he _h nev] read any?+ b ! ,m$ea ( ,euripides1 :i* is f\nd1 !y add1 9 ! collection ( ,neophron1 ! ,sicyonian4 ,,xi4 ,( ma/]s ( philosophy1 he us$ to despise ,plato & ,x5ocrates1 & ,p>bates ( ,cyr5e2 & admir$ no "o b ,/ilpo4 ,& once1 be+ que/ion$ ab\t him1 he said no?+ m ( him ?an t he 0 a g5tleman4 ,,xii4 ,m5$emus 0 n easy to be und]/ood1 & 9 8 conv]sation he 0 h>d to argue aga9/2 he spoke on e subject1 & _h a great deal ( inv5tion & read9ess4 ,b he 0 v disputati\s1 z ,anti/h5es says 9 8 ,successions2 & he us$ to put que/ions ( ?is sort1 8,is "o ?+ diff]5t f ano!r ?+80 8,yes40 8,& is b5efit+ a p]son some?+ diff]5t f ! good80 8,yes40 8,!n ! good is n b5efit+ a p]son40 ,& he1 z x is said1 disc>d$ all negative axioms1 us+ none b affirmative ones2 & ( ^! he only approv$ ( ! simple ones1 & reject$ all t 7 n simple2 say+ t !y 7 intricate & p]plex+4 ,b ,h]aclides says t 9 8 doctr9es he 0 a ?or\gh disciple ( ,plato1 & t he scorn$ dialectics2 s t once :5 ,alex9us ask$ him :e!r he _h left (f beat+ 8 fa!r1 he said1 8,i h n beat5 him1 & ,i h n left (f20 & :5 he said fur!r t he ought to put an end to ! d\bt by answ]+ explicitly yes or no1 8,x w\ld be absurd10 he rejo9$1 8to comply ) y\r conditions1 :5 ,i c /op y at ! entrance40 ,:5 ,bion 0 attack+ ! soo?say]s ) great p]sev]ance1 he said t he 0 kill+ ! dead ov] aga94 ,& once1 :5 he he>d "s "o ass]t t ! greate/ good 0 to succe$ 9 ev]y?+ t "o desires2 he said1 8,x is a mu* great] good to desire :at is prop]40 ,b ,antigonus ( ,c>y/us1 tells u t he nev] wrote or compos$ any "w1 & nev] ma9ta9$ any pr9ciple t5aci\sly4 ,b 9 cross-que/ion+ he 0 s cont5ti\s z to get q black 9 ! face be=e he w5t away4 ,b ?\gh he 0 s viol5t 9 8 disc\rse1 he 0 wond]fully g5tle 9 8 actions4 ,accord+ly1 ?\gh he us$ to mock & ridicule ,alex9us v sev]ely1 /ill he conf]r$ great b5efits on him1 conduct+ 8 wife f ,delphi to ,*alcis = him1 z %e 0 al>m$ ab\t ! dang] ( robb]s & b&itti 9 ! road4 ,,xiii4 ,& he 0 a v w>m fri5d1 z is pla9 f 8 atta*m5t to ,asclepiades2 :i* 0 h>dly inf]ior to ! fri5d%ip ( ,pylades & ,ore/es4 ,b ,asclepiades 0 ! eld] ( ! two1 s t x 0 said t he 0 ! poet1 & ,m5$emus ! actor4 ,& !y say t on "o occasion1 ,ar*ipolis bequea!d !m ?ree ?\s& pieces ( money betwe5 !m1 !y _h su* a vigor\s conte/ z to :i* %\ld take ! small] %>e1 t nei!r ( !m w\ld receive any ( x4 ,,xiv4 ,x is said t !y 7 bo? m>ri$2 & t ,asclepiades 0 m>ri$ to ! "m1 & ,m5$emus to ! daught]2 & :5 ,asclepiades's wife di$1 he took ! wife ( ,m5$emus2 & ,m5$emus1 :5 he became ! *ief man ( ! /ate1 m>ri$ ano!r :o 0 ri*2 & z !y /ill ma9ta9$ "o h\se 9 common1 ,m5$emus entru/$ ! :ole managem5t ( x to 8 =m] wife4 ,asclepiades di$ fir/ at ,eretria1 be+ ( a great age2 hav+ liv$ ) ,m5$emus ) great economy1 ?\gh !y _h ample means4 ,s t1 :5 on "o occasion1 aft] ! dea? ( ,asclepiades1 a fri5d ( 8 came to a banquet1 & :5 ! slaves refus$ him admittance1 ,m5$emus ord]$ !m to admit him1 say+ t ,asclepiades op5$ ! door = him1 ev5 n[ t he 0 "u ! e>?4 ,& ! m5 :o *iefly support$ !m 7 ,hipponicus ! ,mac$onian1 & ,agetor ! ,lamian4 ,& ,agetor gave ea* ( !m ?irty m91 & ,hipponicus gave ,m5$emus two ?\s& dra*mas to portion 8 daught]s )2 & he _h ?ree1 z ,h]aclides tells u1 ! *ildr5 ( 8 wife1 :o 0 a native ( ,oropus4 ,,xv4 ,& he us$ to give banquets 9 ?is fa%ion3--,fir/ ( all1 he w\ld sit at d9n]1 ) two or ?ree fri5ds1 till late 9 ! day2 & !n he w\ld invite 9 any "o :o came to see him1 ev5 if !y _h already d9$2 & if any "o came too soon1 !y w\ld walk up & d[n1 & ask ^? :o came out ( ! h\se :at !re 0 on ! table1 & :at o'clock x 02 & !n1 if !re 7 only vegetables or salt fi%1 !y w\ld dep>t2 b if !y he>d x 0 meat1 !y w\ld g 94 ,& dur+ ! summ]1 mats ( ru%es 7 laid ^u ! c\*es1 & 9 w9t] s(t cu%ions2 & ea* gue/ 0 expect$ to br+ a pill[ = himself4 ,& ! cup t 0 c>ri$ r\nd did n hold m ?an a cotyla4 ,& ! second c\rse consi/$ ( lup9s or beans1 & sometimes fruits1 su* z pe>s1 pomegranates1 pulse1 & sometimes1 by ,jove1 dri$ figs4 ,& all ^! circum/ances are detail$ by ,lycophron1 9 8 satiric dramas1 :i* he inscrib$ ) ! "n ( ,m5$emus1 mak+ 8 play a panegyric on ! philosoph]4 ,& ! foll[+ are "s ( ! l9es3-- ,aft] a temp]ate fea/1 a small-siz$ cup ,is h&$ r\nd ) mod]ation due2 ,& conv]sation wise makes ! dess]t4 ,,xvi4 ,at fir/1 n[1 he 0 n ?\ght mu* (1 be+ call$ cynic & trifl] by ! ,eretrians2 b subsequ5tly1 he 0 s mu* admir$ by 8 c\ntrym51 t !y entru/$ him ) ! *ief gov]nm5t ( ! /ate4 ,& he 0 s5t on embassies to ,ptolemy & ,lysima*us1 & 0 greatly hon\r$ ev]y:]e4 ,he 0 s5t z envoy to ,demetrius2 &1 z ! city us$ to pay him two hundr$ tal5ts a ye>1 he p]suad$ him to remit fifty4 ,& hav+ be5 falsely accus$ to him1 z hav+ betray$ ! city to ,ptolemy1 he def5d$ himself f ! *>ge1 9 a lett] :i* beg9s ?us3-- 8,m5$emus to k+ ,demetrius4--,heal?4 ,i he> t in=mation has be5 laid be=e y conc]n+ u40 ''' ,& ! tradition is1 t a man ( ! "n ( s*ylus1 :o 0 "o ( ! opposite p>ty 9 ! /ate1 0 9 ! habit ( mak+ ^! false *>ges4 ,x is well kn[n too t he 0 s5t on a mo/ important embassy to ,demetrius1 on ! subject ( ,oropus1 z ,euphantus relates 9 8 ,hi/ory4 ,,xvii4 ,antigonus 0 greatly atta*$ to him1 & pr(ess$ himself 8 pupil2 & :5 he defeat$ ! b>b>ians1 ne> ,lysima*ia1 ,m5$emus drew up a decree = him1 9 simple t]ms1 free f all flatt]y1 :i* beg9s ?us3-- 8,! g5]als & c\ncillors h det]m9$1 s9ce k+ ,antigonus has defeat$ ! b>b>ians 9 battle1 & has return$ to 8 own k+dom1 & s9ce he has succe$$ 9 all 8 measures accord+ to 8 wi%es1 x has seem$ good to ! c\ncil & to ! p40 ''' ,& f ^! circum/ances1 & because ( 8 fri5d%ip = him1 z %[n 9 o!r matt]s1 he 0 suspect$ ( betray+ ! city to him2 & be+ impea*$ by ,ari/odemus1 he left ! city1 & return$ to ,oropus1 & !re took up 8 abode 9 ! temple ( ,amphi>aus2 & z "s gold5 goblets :i* 7 !re 7 lo/1 he 0 ord]$ to dep>t by a g5]al vote ( ! ,botians4 ,leav+ ,oropus1 & be+ 9 a /ate ( great despond5cy1 he ent]$ 8 c\ntry secretly2 & tak+ ) him 8 wife & daught]s1 he w5t to ! c\rt ( ,antigonus1 & !re di$ ( a brok5 he>t4 ,b ,h]aclides gives an entirely diff]5t acc\nt ( him2 say+1 t :ile he 0 ! *ief c\ncillor ( ! ,eretrians1 he m ?an once pres]v$ ! lib]ties ( ! city f ^? :o w\ld h br\ght 9 ,demetrius ! tyrant2 s t he nev] c\ld h betray$ ! city to ,antigonus1 & ! accusation mu/ h be5 false2 & t he w5t to ! c\rt ( ,antigonus1 & endeav\r$ to effect ! deliv]ance ( 8 c\ntry2 & z he c\ld make no impression on him1 he fell into despond5cy1 & />v$ himself = sev5 days1 & s he di$4 ,& ,antigonus ( ,c>y/us gives a simil> acc\nt3 & ,p]su 0 ! only man ) :om he _h an implacable qu>rel2 = he ?\ght t :5 ,antigonus himself 0 will+ to re-e/abli% ! democracy among ! ,eretrians = 8 sake1 ,p]su prev5t$ him4 ,& on ?is acc\nt ,m5$emus once attack$ him at a banquet1 say+ _m o!r ?+s1 & among !m1 8,he may1 inde$1 be a philosoph]1 b he is ! wor/ man t lives or t ev] w live40 ,,xviii4 ,& he di$1 accord+ to ,h]aclides1 at ! age ( sev5ty-f\r4 ,& we h writt5 ! foll[+ epigram on him3-- ,i've he>d y\r fate1 ,o ,m5$emus1 t ( y\r own accord1 ,y />v$ y\rself = sev5 days & di$2 ,act+ l an ,eretrian1 b n mu* l a man1 ,= spiritless despair appe>s y\r guide4 ,^! m5 !n 7 ! disciples ( ,socrates1 & _! successors2 b we mu/ n[ proce$ to ,plato1 :o f\nd$ ! ,academy2 & to 8 successors1 or at lea/ to all ^? ( !m :o enjoy$ any reputation4 ,,book ,,iii4 ,,life ,,( ,,plato4 ,i4 ,plato 0 ! son ( ,ari/on & ,p]ictione or ,potone1 & a citiz5 ( ,a!ns2 & 8 "m trac$ h] family back to ,solon2 = ,solon _h a bro!r nam$ ,dropidas1 :o _h a son nam$ ,critias1 :o 0 ! fa!r ( ,calls*rus1 :o 0 ! fa!r ( t ,critias :o 0 "o ( ! ?irty tyrants1 & also ( ,glaucon1 :o 0 ! fa!r ( ,*>mides & ,p]ictione4 ,& %e became ! "m ( ,plato by h] husb& ,ari/on1 ,plato be+ ! six? 9 desc5t f ,solon4 ,& ,solon trac$ 8 p$igree up to ,neleus & ,neptune4 ,!y say too t on ! fa!r's side1 he 0 desc5d$ f ,codrus1 ! son ( ,melan?us1 & !y too are said by ,?rasylus to d]ive _! orig9 f ,neptune4 ,& ,speusippus1 9 8 book :i* is entitl$ ! ,fun]al ,banquet ( ,plato1 & ,cle>*us 9 8 ,panegyric on ,plato1 & ,anaxilides 9 ! second book ( 8 ,hi/ory ( ,philosoph]s1 say t ! report at ,a!ns 0 t ,p]ictione 0 v beautiful1 & t ,ari/on endeav\r$ to violate h] & did n succe$2 & t he1 aft] he _h desi/$ f 8 viol5ce saw a vision ( ,apollo 9 a dream1 9 consequ5ce ( :i* he ab/a9$ f approa*+ 8 wife till aft] h] conf9em5t4 ,,ii4 ,& ,plato 0 born1 z ,apollodorus says 9 8 ,*ronicles1 9 ! eighty-eigh? ,olympiad1 on ! sev5? day ( ! mon? ,?>gelion1 on :i* day ! p ( ,delos say t ,apollo also 0 born4 ,& he di$1 z ,h]mippus says1 at a m>riage fea/1 9 ! fir/ ye> ( ! hundr$ & eigh? ,olympiad1 hav+ liv$ eighty-"o ye>s4 ,b ,nean!s says t he 0 eighty-f\r ye>s ( age at 8 dea?4 ,he is !n y\ng] ?an ,isocrates by six ye>s2 = ,isocrates 0 born 9 ! ar*on%ip ( ,lysima*us1 & ,plato 9 t ( ,am9ias1 9 :i* ye> ,p]icles di$4 ,,iii4 ,& he 0 ( ! bor\gh ( ,colytus1 z ,antileon tells u 9 8 second book on ,dates4 ,& he 0 born1 accord+ to "s writ]s1 9 g9a1 9 ! h\se ( ,phidiades ! son ( ,?ales1 z ,phavor9us affirms 9 8 ,univ]sal ,hi/ory1 z 8 fa!r _h be5 s5t ?i!r ) sev]al o!rs z a settl]1 & return$ aga9 to ,a!ns :5 ! settl]s 7 driv5 out by ! ,lac$monians1 :o came to ! assi/ance ( ! g9etans4 ,& he s]v$ ! (fice ( *oregus at ,a!ns1 :5 ,dion 0 at ! exp5se ( ! spectacle exhibit$1 z ,!odorus relates 9 ! eigh? book ( 8 ,philosophical ,conv]sations4 ,,iv4 ,& he _h bro!rs1 ^: names 7 ,adimantus & ,glaucon1 & a si/] call$ ,potone1 :o 0 ! "m ( ,speusippus4 ,v4 ,& he 0 taught le>n+ 9 ! s*ool ( ,dionysius1 :om he m5tions 9 8 ,rival ,lov]s4 ,& he le>nt gymna/ic ex]cises "u ! wre/l] ,ari/on ( ,argos4 ,& x 0 by him t he _h ! "n ( ,plato giv5 to him in/ead ( 8 orig9al "n1 on acc\nt ( 8 robu/ figure1 z he _h previ\sly be5 call$ ,ari/ocles1 aft] ! "n ( 8 gr&fa!r1 z ,alex&] in=ms u 9 8 ,successions4 ,b "s say t he d]iv$ ?is "n f ! bread? 77 ( 8 eloqu5ce1 or else because he 0 v wide 77 across ! =ehead1 z ,nean!s affirms4 ,!re are "s also1 among :om is ,dicar*us 9 ! fir/ volume on ,lives1 :o say t he wre/l$ at ! ,i/hmian games4 ,,vi4 ,x is also said t he appli$ himself to ! /udy ( pa9t+1 & t he wrote poems1 di?yrambics at fir/1 & aft]w>ds lyric poems & trag$ies4 ,,vii4 ,b he _h a v weak voice1 !y say2 & ! same fact is /at$ by ,timo!us ! ,a!nian1 9 8 book on ,lives4 ,& x is said t ,socrates 9 a dream saw a cygnet on 8 knees1 :o imm$iately put =? fea!rs1 & flew up on high1 utt]+ a sweet note1 & t ! next day ,plato came to him1 & t he pron\nc$ him ! bird :i* he _h se54 ,,viii4 ,& he us$ to philosophize at fir/ 9 ! ,academy1 & aft]w>ds 9 ! g>d5 ne> ,colonus1 z ,alex&] tells u 9 8 ,successions1 quot+ ! te/imony ( ,h]aclitus2 & subsequ5tly1 ?\gh he 0 ab\t to cont5d = ! prize 9 trag$y 9 ! !atre ( ,bac*us1 aft] he _h he>d ! disc\rse ( ,socrates1 he le>nt 8 poems1 say+3-- ,vulcan1 come "h2 = ,plato wants y\r aid4 ,& f h5ce=?1 z !y say1 be+ n[ tw5ty ye>s old1 he became a pupil ( ,socrates4 ,& :5 he 0 gone1 he atta*$ himself to ,cratylus1 ! disciple ( ,h]aclitus1 & to ,h]mog5es1 :o _h adopt$ ! pr9ciples ( ,p>m5ides4 ,aft]w>ds1 :5 he 0 eight & tw5ty ye>s ( age1 z ,h]modorus tells u1 he )drew to ,meg>a to ,euclid1 ) c]ta9 o!rs ( ! pupils ( ,socrates2 & subsequ5tly1 he w5t to ,cyr5e to ,!odorus ! ma!matician2 & f !nce he proce$$ to ,italy to ! ,py?agoreans1 ,philolaus & ,eurytus1 & f !nce he w5t to ,eurytus to ! prie/s !re2 & hav+ fall5 sick at t place1 he 0 cur$ by ! prie/s by ! application ( sea wat]1 9 ref]5ce to :i* he said3-- ,! sea do? wa% away all human evils4 ,& he said too1 t1 accord+ to ,hom]1 all ! ,egyptians 7 physicians4 ,plato _h also =m$ ! idea ( mak+ ! acqua9tance ( ! ,magi2 b he ab&on$ x on acc\nt ( ! w>s 9 ,asia4 ,,ix4 ,& :5 he return$ to ,a!ns1 he settl$ 9 ! ,academy1 & t is a suburban place ( ex]cise plant$ l a grove1 s nam$ f an anci5t h]o nam$ ,hecademus1 z ,eupolis tells u 9 8 ,dis*>g$ ,soldi]s4 ,9 ! well-%ad$ walks1 protect$ well ,by ,godlike ,academus4 ,& ,timon1 ) ref]5ce to ,plato1 says3-- ,a man did lead !m on1 a /rong /\t man1 ,a honey$ speak]1 sweet z melody ,( tuneful gras%opp]1 :o1 seat$ high ,on ,hecademus' tree1 unwe>i$ s+s4 ,= ! ^w academy 0 =m]ly spelt ) ,e4 ,n[ our philosoph] 0 a fri5d ( ,isocrates2 & ,praxiphanes compos$ an acc\nt ( a conv]sation :i* took place betwe5 !m1 on ! subject ( poets1 :5 ,isocrates 0 /ay+ ) ,plato 9 ! c\ntry4 ,x4 ,& ,ari/ox5us says t he 0 ?ree times engag$ 9 milit>y exp$itions2 once aga9/ ,tanagra2 ! second "t aga9/ ,cor9?1 & ! ?ird "t at ,delium2 & t 9 ! battle ( ,delium he obta9$ ! prize ( pre-em95t val\r4 ,he comb9$ ! pr9ciples ( ! s*ools ( ,h]aclitus1 & ,py?agoras & ,socrates2 = he us$ to philosophize on ^? ?+s :i* are ! subjects ( s5sation1 accord+ to ! sy/em ( ,h]aclitus2 on ^? ) :i* intellect is conv]sant1 accord+ to t ( ,py?agoras2 & on politics accord+ to t ( ,socrates4 ,,xi4 ,& "s p1 7( :om ,satyrus is "o17 say t he s5t a commission to ,sicily to ,dion1 to buy him ?ree books ( ,py?agoras f ,philolaus = a hundr$ m92 = !y say t he 0 9 v easy circum/ances1 hav+ receiv$ f ,dionysius m ?an eighty tal5ts1 z ,onetor also ass]ts 9 8 treatise :i* is entitl$1 ,:e!r a wise ,man ought to acquire ,ga9s4 ,,xii4 ,& he 0 mu* assi/$ by ,epi*>mus ! comic poet1 a great "p ( ^: works he transcrib$1 z ,alcimus says 9 8 essays address$ to ,amyntas1 ( :i* !re are f\r4 ,& 9 ! fir/ ( !m he speaks z foll[s3--8,& ,plato appe>s to utt] a great _m ( ! s5tim5ts ( ,epi*>mus4 ,let u j exam9e4 ,plato says t t is an object ( s5sation1 :i* is nev] /ation>y ei!r z to its quality or its quantity1 b :i* is always fl[+ & *ang+2 z1 = in/ance1 if "o take f any objects all numb]1 !n "o _c affirm t !y are ei!r equal1 or ( any p>ticul> ?+s1 or ( :at quality or quantity !y are4 ,& ^! ?+s are ( su* a k9d t !y are always be+ produc$1 b t !y nev] h any inv>iable sub/ances40 ,b t is a subject = intellect f :i* no?+ is tak51 & to :i* no?+ is add$4 ,& ?is is ! nature ( ?+s et]nal1 :i* is always simil> & ! same4 ,&1 inde$1 ,epi*>mus speaks intelligibly on ! subject ( :at is p]ceiv$ by ! s5ses & by ! intellect3-- ,a4 ,b ! great ,gods 7 always pres5t1 nor ,did !y at any mom5t cease to be2 ,& _! peculi> lik5ess at all times ,d !y reta91 by ! same pr9ciples4 ,b4 ,yet *aos is ass]t$ to h be5 ,! fir/ exi/5t ,deity4 ,a4 ,h[ c t be8 ,= 'tis impossible t we %\ld f9d ,any fir/ pr9ciple arise f any?+4 ,b4 ,is !re !n no fir/ pr9ciple at all8 ,a4 ,nor second ei!r 9 ! ?+s we speak (2 ,b ?us x is--if to an ev5 numb]1 ,or e'en an odd "o1 if y s pref] x1 ,y add a unit1 or if y d$uct "o1 ,say w ! numb] /ill rema9 ! same8 ,b4 ,c]ta9ly n4 ,a4 ,s1 if y take a measure ,a cubit long1 & add ano!r cubit1 ,or cut a portion (f1 ! measure !n ,no long] is ! same8 ,b4 ,( c\rse x is n4 ,a4 ,n[ turn y\r eyes & ?\ghts ^u mank9d-- ,we see "o gr[s1 ano!r p]i%es ,s t !y all exi/ p]petually ,9 a condition ( transition4 ,t ,^: nature *anges mu/ be diff]5t ,at ea* successive mom5t1 f ! ?+ ,x 0 be=e4 ,s also1 y & ,i ,are diff]5t p n[ f :at we 7 ,b ye/]day2 & !n1 aga91 to-morr[ ,we %all be diff]5t f :at we're n[2 ,s t1 by ! same rule1 we're always diff]5t4 ,& ,alcimus speaks z foll[s3--8,! wise m5 say t ! s\l p]ceives "s ?+s by means ( ! body1 z = in/ance1 :5 x he>s & sees2 b t x also p]ceives some?+ by its own p[]1 )\t avail+ itself at all ( ! assi/ance ( ! body40 ,on :i* acc\nt exi/5t ?+s are divisible into objects ( s5sation & objects ( und]/&+4 ,on acc\nt ( :i* ,plato us$ to say1 t ^? :o wi%$ to become acqua9t$ ) ! pr9ciples ( ev]y?+1 ought fir/ ( all to divide ! ideas z he calls !m1 sep>ately1 su* z simil>ity1 & unity1 & multitude1 & magnitude1 & /ation>9ess1 & motion4 ,& secondly1 t !y ought to =m a notion ( ! hon\rable & ! good1 & ! j1 & ?+s ( t sort1 by !mselves1 ap>t f o!r consid]ations4 ,& ?irdly1 t !y ought to asc]ta9 ! "* ( su* ideas z are relative to "o ano!r1 su* z k1 or magnitude1 or au?ority2 consid]+ t ! ?+s :i* come "u our notice f p>tak+ ( _! nature1 h ! same names t !y h4 ,i mean t "o calls t j :i* p>takes ( ! j2 & t beautiful :i* p>takes ( ! beautiful4 ,& ea* ( ^! prim>y species is et]nal1 & is to be und]/ood by ! intellect1 & is n subject to ! influ5ce ( ext]nal circum/ances4 ,on :i* acc\nt he says1 t ideas exi/ 9 nature z models2 & t all o!r ?+s are l !m1 &1 z x 71 copies ( !m4 ,accord+ly ,epi*>mus speaks ?us ab\t ! good1 & ab\t ! ideas4 ,a4 ,tell me1 is flute-play+ n[ a ?+ at all8 ,b4 ,( c\rse x is4 ,a4 ,is man !n flute-play+8 ,b4 ,no1 no?+ ( ! sort4 ,a4 ,well1 let u see-- ,:at is a flute-play]8 :at ?9k y n[ ,( him--is he a man1 or is he n8 ,b4 ,( c\rse he is a man4 ,a4 ,?9k y n !n ,! case is j ! same ab\t ! good4 ,t ! good is some?+ by itself1 intr9sic ,& he :o's le>nt1 does at once become ,himself a good man8 j z he :o's le>nt ,flute-play+ is a flute-play]2 or danc+1 ,a danc]2 weav+1 a weav]4 ,& 9 %ort1 ,:oev] le>ns an art1 does n become ,! art itself1 b j an arti/ 9 x4 ,plato1 9 8 !ory ( ,ideas1 says1 8,t s9ce !re is su* a ?+ z memory1 ! ideas are 9 exi/5t ?+s1 because memory is only conv]sant ab\t :at is /able & endur+2 & t no o!r ?+ is durable except ideas1 = 9 :at way10 he cont9ues1 8c\ld animals be pres]v$1 if !y _h no ideas to guide !m1 & if1 9 addition to !m1 !y _h n an intellect giv5 to !m by nature80 ,b z x is !y recollect similitudes1 & also _! food1 s z to "k :at k9d ( food is fit = !m2 :i* !y le>n because ! notion ( simil>ity is implant$ naturally 9 e animal2 ow+ to :i* notion !y recognize ^? ( ! same species z !mselves4 ,:at is x !n t ,epi*>mus says8 ,eumu' wisdom8--n a scanty gift ,appropriat$ to "o s+le be+2 ,b e animal t brea!s & lives1 ,has m9d & intellect4--,s if y w ,survey ! facts att5tively1 y'll f9d1 ,e'en 9 ! common p\ltry y>d1 ! h5 ,br+s n h] (fspr+ =? at fir/ alive1 ,b sits ^u h] eggs1 & by h] w>m?1 ,*]i%es !m into life4 ,& all ?is wisdom ,%e does d]ive f nature's gift alone1 ,= nature is h] only guide & tea*]4 ,& 9 a subsequ5t passage he says3-- ,!re is no wond] 9 my tea*+ ?is1 ,t citiz5s please citiz5s1 & seem ,to "o ano!r to be beautiful3 ,& s "o dog seems to ano!r dog ,! faire/ object 9 ! _w2 & s ,"o ox seems to ano!r1 ass to ass1 ,& sw9e to sw9e4 ,& ^! & simil> speculations are exam9$ & comp>$ by ,alcimus ?r\gh f\r books1 :]e he %[s h[ mu* assi/ance ,plato has d]iv$ f ,epi*>mus4 ,& t ,epi*>mus himself 0 n indispos$ to appreciate 8 own wisdom1 "o may le>n f ^! l9es1 9 :i* he pr$icts t !re w arise "s "o to imitate him3-- ,b z ,i ?9k1 ,i surely =esee ?is1 ,t ^! my words w be pres]v$ h]eaft] ,9 _m p's recollection4 ,& ,ano!r man w come1 :o'll /rip my reasons ,( _! poetic dress1 &1 clo?+ !m ,9 o!r g>m5ts & ) purple broid]y ,w %[ !m (f2 & be+ inv9cible1 ,w make all rivals b[ ! knee to him4 ,,xiii4 ,plato also appe>s to h br\ght ! books ( ,sophron1 ! f>ce-writ]1#ca to ,a!ns1 :i* 7 previ\sly neglect$2 & to h avail$ himself ( !m 9 8 ,speculations on ,morals3 & a copy ( !m 0 f\nd "u 8 head4 ,,xiv4 ,& ,plato made ?ree voyages to ,sicily1 fir/ ( all = ! purpose ( see+ ! isl& & ! crat]s ( volcanoes1 :5 ,dionysius1 ! son ( ,h]mocrates1 be+ ! tyrant ( ,sicily1 press$ him e>ne/ly to come & see him2 & he1 conv]s+ ab\t tyranny1 & say+ t t is n ! be/ gov]nm5t :i* is advantage\s = "o individual alone1 unless t individual is pre-em95t 9 virtue1 _h a qu>rel ) ,dionysius1 :o got angry1 & said1 8,y\r words are ^? ( an old dot>d40 ,& ,plato repli$1 8,& y\r language is t ( a tyrant40 ,& on ?is ! tyrant became v indignant1 & at fir/ 0 incl9$ to put him to dea?2 b aft]w>ds1 be+ appeas$ by ,dion & ,ari/om5es1 he =ebore to d t1 b gave him to ,pollis1 ! ,lac$monian1 :o happ5$ to h come to him on an embassy j at t "t1 to sell z a slave4 ,& he took him to g9a & sold him2 & ,*>m&]1 ! son ( ,*>m&rides1 in/itut$ a capital prosecution aga9/ him1 9 accordance ) ! law :i* 0 9 =ce1 9 ! isl& ( g9a1 t ! fir/ ,a!nian :o l&$ on ! isl& %\ld be put to dea? )\t a trial2 & he himself 0 ! p]son :o _h orig9ally propos$ t law1 z ,phavor9us says1 9 8 ,univ]sal ,hi/ory4 ,b :5 "s "o said1 ?\gh he said x only 9 joke1 t x 0 a philosoph] :o _h l&$1 ! p releas$ him4 ,b "s say t he 0 br\ght into ! assembly & wat*$2 & t he did n say a ^w1 b /ood prep>$ to submit to :atev] might befall him2 & t !y det]m9$ n to put him to dea?1 b to sell him aft] ! fa%ion ( prison]s ( w>4 ,& x happ5$ by *ance t ,annic]is1 ! ,cyr5ean1 0 pres5t1 :o ransom$ him = tw5ty m91 or1 z o!rs say1 = ?irty1 & s5t him to ,a!ns1 to 8 companions1 & !y imm$iately s5t ,annic]is 8 money3 b he refus$ to receive x1 say+ t !y 7 n ! only p 9 ! _w :o 7 entitl$ to h a reg>d = ,plato4 ,"s writ]s aga9 say1 t x 0 ,dion :o s5t ! money1 & t he did n refuse x1 b b\ght him ! g>d5 9 ! ,academy4 ,& ) respect to ,pollis x is said t he 0 defeat$ by ,*abrias1 & t he 0 aft]w>ds dr[n$ 9 ,helice1 9 consequ5ce ( ! ang] ( ! deity at 8 treatm5t ( ?is philosoph]4 ,& ?is is ! /ory told by ,phavor9us 9 ! fir/ book ( 8 ,comm5t>ies4 ,dionysius1 h[ev]1 did n rema9 quiet2 b :5 he _h he>d :at _h happ5$ he wrote to ,plato n to speak ill ( him1 & he wrote back 9 reply t he _h n leisure en\gh to ?9k at all ( ,dionysius4 ,,xv4 ,b he w5t a second "t to ,sicily to ! y\ng] ,dionysius1 & ask$ him = "s l& & = "s m5 :om he might make live accord+ to 8 own !ory ( a con/itution4 ,& ,dionysius promis$ to give him "s1 b nev] did x4 ,& "s say t he 0 9 dang] himself1 hav+ be5 suspect$ ( excit+ ,dion & ,!otas to attempt ! deliv]ance ( ! isl&2 b t ,ar*ytas1 ! ,py?agorean1 wrote a lett] to ,dionysius1 & begg$ ,plato (f & s5t him back safe to ,a!ns4 ,& ! lett] is z foll[s3-- ,,ar*ytas ,,to ,,dionysius1 ,,greet+4 8,all ( u :o are ! fri5ds ( ,plato1 h s5t to y ,lamiscus & ,photidas1 to claim ( y ?is philosoph] 9 accordance ) ! agreem5t :i* y made ) u4 ,& x is "r t y %\ld recollect ! eag]ness :i* y _h to see him1 :5 y press$ u all to secure ,plato's visit to y1 promis+ to provide = him1 & to treat him hospitably 9 e respect1 & to ensure 8 safety bo? :ile he rema9$ ) y1 & :5 he dep>t$4 ,rememb] ?is too t y 7 v delight$ inde$ at 8 arrival1 & t y express$ great pleasure at ! "t1 su* z y nev] did on any o!r occasion4 ,& if any unpleasantness has aris5 betwe5 y1 y ought to behave ) humanity1 & re/ore ! man unhurt2 = by s do+ y w act ju/ly1 & d u a fav\r40 ,,xvi4 ,! ?ird "t t he w5t to ,sicily 0 = ! purpose ( reconcil+ ,dion to ,dionysius4 ,& z he c\ld n succe$ he return$ back to 8 own c\ntry1 hav+ lo/ 8 lab\r4 ,,xvii4 ,& 9 8 own c\ntry he did n m$dle ) /ate affairs1 al?\gh he 0 a politician z f> z 8 writ+s w5t4 ,& ! reason 01 t ! p 7 accu/om$ to a =m ( gov]nm5t & con/itution diff]5t f :at he approv$ (4 ,& ,pamphile1 9 ! tw5ty-fif? book ( 8 ,comm5t>ies1 says t ! ,arcadians & ,!bans1 :5 !y 7 f\nd+ a great city1 appo9t$ him its lawgiv]2 b t he1 :5 he _h asc]ta9$ t !y w\ld n cons5t to an equality ( rights1 refus$ to g ?i!r4 ,,xviii4 ,x is said also1 t he def5d$ ,*abrias ! g5]al1 :5 he 0 impea*$ 9 a capital *>ge2 :5 no "o else ( ! citiz5s w\ld und]take ! task3 & z he 0 go+ up t[>ds ! ,acropolis ) 8 cli5t1 ,crobylus ! sycophant met him & said1 8,are y come to plead = ano!r1 n kn[+ t ! hemlock ( ,socrates is wait+ also = y80 ,b he repli$1 8,& also1 :5 ,i f\ght = my c\ntry ,i enc\nt]$ dang]s3 & n[ too ,i enc\nt] !m 9 ! cause ( ju/ice & = ! def5ce ( a fri5d40 ,,xix4 ,he 0 ! fir/ au?or :o wrote treatises 9 ! =m ( dialogues1 z ,phavor9us tells u 9 ! eigh? book ( 8 ,univ]sal ,hi/ory4 ,& he 0 also ! fir/ p]son :o introduc$ ! analytical me?od ( inve/igation1 :i* he taught to ,leodamus ( ,?asos4 ,he 0 also ! fir/ p]son 9 philosophy :o spoke ( antipodes1 & elem5ts1 & dialectics1 & actions 771 & oblong numb]s1 & plane surfaces1 & ! provid5ce ( ,god4 ,he 0 likewise ! fir/ ( ! philosoph]s :o contradict$ ! ass]tion ( ,lysias1 ! son ( ,cephalus1 sett+ x out ^w = ^w 9 8 ,phdrus4 ,& he 0 also ! fir/ p]son :o exam9$ ! subject ( grammatical k sci5tifically4 ,& z he argu$ aga9/ almo/ e "o :o _h liv$ be=e 8 "t1 x is (t5 ask$ :y he has nev] m5tion$ ,democritus4 ,,xx4 ,nean!s ( ,cyzicus says1 t :5 he came to ! ,olympic games all ! ,greeks :o 7 pres5t turn$ to look at him3 & t x 0 on t occasion t he held a conv]sation ) ,dion1 :o 0 on ! po9t ( attack+ ,dionysius4 ,moreov]1 9 ! fir/ book ( ! ,comm5t>ies ( ,phavor9us1 x is relat$ t ,mi?ridates1 ! ,p]sian1 erect$ a /atue ( ,plato 9 ! ,academy1 & put on x ?is inscription1 8,mi?ridates1 ! son ( ,rhodobates1 a ,p]sian1 consecrat$ an image ( ,plato to ! ,muses1 :i* 0 made by ,silanion40 ,,xxi4 ,& ,h]aclides says1 t ev5 :ile a "y man1 he 0 s mode/ & well regulat$1 t he 0 nev] once se5 to laugh excessively4 ,,xxii4 ,b ?\gh he 0 ( su* a grave "* himself1 he 0 nev]!less ridicul$ by ! comic poets4 ,accord+ly1 ,!opompus1 9 8 ,pleasure-seek]1 says3-- ,= "o ?+ is no long] only "o1 ,b two ?+s n[ are sc>cely "o2 z says ,! solemn ,plato4 ,& ,anax&rides 9 8 ,!seus1 says3-- ,:5 he ate olives l our wor?y ,plato4 ,& ,timon speaks ( him 9 ?is way1 punn+ on 8 "n3-- ,z ,plato plac$ /range platitudes on pap]4#cb ,alexis says 9 8 ,m]opis3-- ,y've come 9 "t3 s9ce ,i've be5 d\bt+ long1 ,& walk+ up & d[n "s "t1 l ,plato2 ,& yet h hit ^u no crafty plan1 ,b only tir'd my legs4 ,& 9 8 ,ancylion1 he says3-- ,y speak ( :at y d n und]/&1 ,runn+ ab\t l ,plato3 hop+ ?us1 ,to le>n ! nature ( saltpetre & onions4 ,amphis says 9 8 ,amphicrates3-- ,a4 ,b :at ! good is1 :i* y hope to get ,by means ( h]1 my ma/]1 ,i no m ,c =m a notion (1 ?an ( ! good ,( ,plato4 ,b4 ,li/5 n[4 ,& 9 8 ,dexidemides he speaks ?us3-- ,o ,plato6 h[ y\r le>n+ is conf9$ ,to gloomy looks1 & wr9kl+ up y\r br[s1 ,l any cockle4 ,crat9as 9 8 ,pseudypobolimu1 says3-- ,y cle>ly are a man1 endu$ ) s5se1 ,& s1 z ,plato says1 ,i d n "k2 ,b ,i suspect4 ,alexis1 9 8 ,olympiodorus speaks ?us3-- ,my mortal body became dry & )]$3 ,b my immortal "p rose to ! sky4 ,is n ?is ,plato's doctr9e8 ,& 9 8 ,p>asite he says3-- ,or to conv]se alone1 l ,plato4 ,anaxilas also laughs at him 9 8 ,botrylion1 & ,circe1 & 8 ,ri* ,wom54 ,,xxiii4 ,& ,ari/ippus1 9 ! f\r? book ( 8 treatise ^u ,anci5t ,luxury1 says t he 0 mu* atta*$ to a y\? ( ! "n ( ,a/]1 :o us$ to /udy a/ronomy ) him2 & also to ,dion1 :om we h already m5tion$4 ,& "s say t he 0 also atta*$ to ,phdrus1 & t ! foll[+ epigrams :i* he wrote ^u !m are evid5ces ( ! love he felt = !m3-- ,my ,a/]1 y're gaz+ on ! />s 771 ,w\ld t ,i 7 ! heav5s1 t s ,i might ,gaze 9 return ) _m eyes on !e4 ,ano!r ( 8 epigrams is3-- ,a/]1 y :ile among ! liv+ %one1 ,! morn+ />4 ,b n[ t y are dead1 ,y beam l ,hesp]us 9 ! %ades bel[4 ,& he wrote ?us on ,dion3-- ,once1 at _! bir?1 ! fates did de/9e te>s ,to be ! lot ( all ! ,trojan wom54 ,& ,hecuba1 _! ,que5--to y1 ,o ,dion1 ,z ! des]v$ rew>d = glori\s de$s1 ,!y gave ext5sive & illu/ri\s hopes4 ,& n[ y lie b5ea? y\r native soil2 ,hon\r$ by all y\r c\ntrym51 ,o ,dion1 ,& lov$ by me ) ard5t1 la/+ love4 ,& !y say t ?is epigram is inscrib$ ^u 8 tomb at ,syracuse4 ,!y say1 also1 t he 0 9 love ) ,alexis1 & ) ,phdrus1 z ,i h already m5tion$1 & t he wrote an epigram on !m bo?1 :i* runs ?us3-- ,n[ :5 ,alexis is no long] aught1 ,say only h[ belov$1 h[ fair he 01 ,& e "o does turn 8 eyes at once4 ,:y1 my m9d1 d y %[ ! dogs a bone8 ,y're b prep>+ tr\ble = y\rself3 ,h we n also lo/ ! lovely ,phdrus6 ,!re is also a tradition t he _h a mi/ress nam$ ,ar*ianassa1 on :om he wrote ! foll[+ l9es3-- ,i h a mi/ress fair f ,colophon1 ,ar*ianassa1 on ^: v wr9kles ,sits g5ial love3 h>d mu/ h be5 ! fate1 ,( him :o met h] e>lie/ blaze ( beauty1 ,surely he mu/ h be5 completely scor*$4 ,he also wrote ?is epigram on ,aga?on3-- ,:ile kiss+ ,aga?on1 my s\l did rise1 ,& hov]'d o'er my lips2 wi%+ p]*ance1 ,o'er anxi\s t x 01 to migrate to him4 ,ano!r ( 8 epigrams is3-- ,i ?r[ ?is apple to y4 ,& if y ,love me :o love y s1 receive x gladly1 ,& let me ta/e y\r lovely virg9 *>ms4 ,or if t may n be1 /ill take ! fruit1 ,& 9 y\r bosom *]i% x1 & le>n ,h[ fleet+ is all gracefulness & beauty4 ,& ano!r3-- ,i am an apple1 & am ?r[n to y1 ,by "o :o loves y3 b cons5t1 ,xan?ippe2 ,= y & ,i %all bo? ) "t decay4 ,!y also attribute to him ! foll[+ epigram on ! ,eretrians :o _h be5 surpris$ 9 an ambuscade3-- ,we 7 ,eretrians1 ( ,euban race8 ,& n[ we lie ne> ,susa1 "h entomb'd1 ,f> f my native l&4 ,& ?is "o also3-- ,?us ,v5us to ! muses spoke3 ,damsels submit to ,v5us' yoke1 ,or dread my ,cupid's arms4 ,^? ?reats1 ! ,virg9s n9e repli$1 ,may weigh ) ,m>s1 b we d]ide ,love's wrongs1 or d>ts1 or *>ms4 ,ano!r is3-- ,a c]ta9 p]son f\nd "s gold1 ,c>ri$ x (f1 & 9 its /ead ,left a /rong halt] neatly roll'd4 ,! own] f\nd 8 treasure fl$2 ,& p[]less to endure 8 =tune's wreck1 ,fitt$ ! halt] to 8 hapless neck4 ,,xxiv4 ,b ,molon1 :o _h a great dislike to ,plato1 says 8,!re is n s mu* to wond] at 9 ,dionysius be+ at ,cor9?1 z 9 ,plato's be+ 9 ,sicily40 ,x5ophon1 too1 does n appe> to h be5 v fri5dlily dispos$ t[>ds him3 & accord+ly !y h1 z if 9 rivalry ( "o ano!r1 bo? writt5 books ) ! same title1 ! ,banquet1 ! ,def5ce ( ,socrates1 ,moral ,rem9isc5ces4 ,!n1 too1 ! "o wrote ! ,cyropdia & ! o!r a book on ,politics2 & ,plato 9 8 ,laws says1 t ! ,cyropdia is a m]e romance1 = t ,cyrus 0 n su* a p]son z he is describ$ 9 t book4 ,& ?\gh !y bo? speak s mu* ( ,socrates1 nei!r ( !m ev] m5tions ! o!r1 except t ,x5ophon once speaks ( ,plato 9 ! ?ird book ( 8 ,rem9isc5ces4 ,x is said also1 t ,anti/h5es1 be+ ab\t to recite some?+ t he _h writt51 invit$ him to be pres5t2 & t ,plato hav+ ask$ :at he 0 go+ to recite1 he said x 0 an essay on ! impropriety ( contradict+4 8,h[ !n10 said ,plato1 8c y write on ?is subject80 & !n he %[$ him t he 0 argu+ 9 a circle4 ,b ,anti/h5es 0 annoy$1 & compos$ a dialogue aga9/ ,plato1 :i* he entitl$ ,sa?on2 aft] :i* !y 7 always enemies to "o ano!r2 & !y say t ,socrates hav+ he>d ,plato read ! ,lysis1 said1 8,o ,h]cules6 :at a numb] ( lies ! "y man has told ab\t me40 ,= he _h set d[n a great _m ?+s z say+s ( ,socrates :i* he nev] said4 ,plato also 0 a great enemy ( ,ari/ippus2 accord+ly1 he speaks ill ( him 9 8 book on ! ,s\l1 & says t he 0 n ) ,socrates :5 he di$1 ?\gh he 0 9 g9a1 at no great di/ance4 ,he also _h a great rivalry ) s*9es1 = t he _h be5 held 9 great e/eem by ,dionysius1 & aft]w>ds came to want1 & 0 despis$ by ,plato1 b support$ by ,ari/ippus4 ,& ,idom5eus says1 t ! spee* :i* ,plato attributes to ,crito 9 ! prison1 :5 he c\nsell$ ,socrates to make 8 escape1 0 really deliv]$ by s*9es1 b t ,plato attribut$ x to ,crito because ( 8 dislike to ! o!r4 ,& ,plato nev] makes ! slighte/ m5tion ( him 9 any ( 8 books1 except 9 ! treatise on ! ,s\l1 & ! ,def5ce ( ,socrates4 ,,xxv4 ,ari/otle says1 t ! treatises ( ,plato are some?+ betwe5 poems & prose2 & ,phavor9us says1 :5 ,plato read 8 treatise on ! ,s\l1 ,ari/otle 0 ! only p]son :o sat x out1 & t all ! re/ rose up & w5t away4 ,& "s say t ,philip ! ,opuntian copi$ out ! :ole ( 8 books ^u ,laws1 :i* 7 writt5 on wax5 tablets only4 ,"s p also attribute ! ,ep9omis to him4 ,euphorion & ,pantius h /at$ t ! beg9n+ ( ! treatise on ! ,republic 0 (t5 alt]$ & re-writt52 & t v treatise1 ,ari/ox5us affirms1 0 f\nd almo/ entire 9 ! ,contradictions ( ,protagoras2 & t ! fir/ book he wrote at all 0 ! ,phdrus2 & inde$ t composition has a good _m indications ( a "y compos]4 ,b ,dicar*us blames ! :ole /yle ( t "w z vulg>4 ,,xxvi4 ,a /ory is told1 t ,plato1 hav+ se5 a man play+ at dice1 reproa*$ him = x1 & t he said he 0 play+ = a trifle2 8,b ! habit10 rejo9$ ,plato1 8is n a trifle40 ,on "o occasion he 0 ask$ :e!r !re w\ld be any monum5t ( him1 z ( 8 pr$ecessors 9 philosophy8 & he answ]$1 8,a man mu/ fir/ make a "n1 & ! monum5t w foll[40 ,once1 :5 ,x5ocrates came into 8 h\se1 he desir$ him to sc\rge "o ( 8 slaves = him1 = t he himself c\ld n d x because he 0 9 a passion2 & t at ano!r "t he said to "o ( 8 slaves1 8,i %\ld beat y if ,i 7 n 9 a passion40 ,hav+ got on horseback he dism\nt$ aga9 imm$iately1 say+ t he 0 afraid t he %\ld be infect$ ) horse-pride4 ,he us$ to advise p :o got drunk to look 9 ! glass1 & !n !y w\ld ab&on _! unseemly habit2 & he said t x 0 nev] decor\s to dr9k to ! degree ( drunk5ness1 except at ! fe/ivals ( ! ,god :o _h giv5 m5 w9e4 ,he also disapprov$ ( mu* sleep+3 accord+ly 9 8 ,laws he says1 8,no "o :ile sleep+ is good = any?+40 ,ano!r say+ ( 8 01 8,t ! pleasante/ ( all ?+s to he> 0 ! tru?20 b o!rs report ?is say+ ?us1 8,t ! sweete/ ( all ?+s 0 to speak tru?40 ,& ( tru? he speaks ?us 9 8 ,laws1 8,tru?1 my fri5d1 is a beautiful & a durable ?+2 b x is n easy to p]suade m5 ( ?is fact40 ,,xxvii4 ,he us$ also to wi% to leave a memorial ( himself beh9d1 ei!r 9 ! he>ts ( 8 fri5ds1 or 9 8 books4 ,,xxviii4 ,he also us$ to travel a good deal z "s au?ors in=m u4 ,,xxix4 ,& he di$ 9 ! mann] we h already m5tion$1 9 ! ?irte5? ye> ( ! reign ( ,philip ( ,mac$on1 z ,phavor9us m5tions 9 ! ?ird book ( 8 ,comm5t>ies2 & ,!opompus relates t ,philip on "o occasion reproa*$ him4 ,b ,myronianus1 9 8 ,resemblances1 says t ,philo m5tions "s prov]bs t 7 9 circulation ab\t ,plato's lice2 imply+ t he _h di$ ( t disease4 ,,xxx4 ,he 0 buri$ 9 ! ,academy1 :]e he sp5t ! great] "p ( 8 "t 9 ! practice ( philosophy1 f :i* 8 0 call$ ! ,academic s*ool2 & 8 fun]al 0 att5d$ by all ! pupils ( t sect4 ,& he made 8 w 9 ! foll[+ t]ms3--8,plato left ^! ?+s1 & has bequea!d !m z foll[s4--,! f>m 9 ! di/rict ( ! ,heph/iades1 b\nd$ on ! nor? by ! road f ! temple ( ! ,cephisiades1 & on ! s\? by ! temple ( ,h]cules1 :i* is 9 ! di/rict ( ! ,heph/iades2 & on ! ea/ by ! e/ate ( ,ar*e/ratus ! ,phre>rian1 & on ! we/ by ! f>m ( ,philip ! ,*ollidian1 %all be incapable ( be+ sold or ali5at$1 b %all belong to my son ,adimantus z f> z possible4 ,& s likewise %all my f>m 9 ! di/rict ( ! ,eiresides1 :i* ,i b\ght ( ,callima*us1 :i* is b\nd$ on ! nor? by ! prop]ty ( ,eurym$on ! ,myrrh9usian1 on ! s\? by t ( ,demo/ratus ( ,xypeta1 on ! ea/ by t ( ,eurym$on ! ,myrrh9usian1 & on ! we/ by ! ,cephisus2--,i also leave him ?ree m9 ( silv]1 a silv] goblet weigh+ a hundr$ & sixty-five dra*ms1 a cup weigh+ =ty-five dra*ms1 a gold5 r+1 & a gold5 e>-r+1 weigh+ toge!r f\r dra*ms & ?ree obols4 ,euclides ! /one-cutt] owes me ?ree m94 ,i leave ,diana h] lib]ty4 ,my slaves ,ty*on1 ,bictas1 ,apolloniades1 & ,dionysius1 ,i bequea? to my son2 & ,i also give him all my furniture1 ( :i* ,demetrius has a catalogue4 ,i owe no "o any?+4 ,my executors %all be ,so/h5es1 ,speusippus1 ,demetrius1 ,hegias1 ,eurym$on1 ,callima*us1 & ,?rasippus40 ,?is 0 8 w4 ,& on 8 tomb ! foll[+ epigrams 7 inscrib$4 ,fir/ ( all3-- ,"h1 fir/ ( all m5 = pure ju/ice fam$1 ,& moral virtue1 ,ari/ocles lies2 ,& if !re e'er has liv$ "o truly wise1 ,?is man 0 wis] /ill2 too great = envy4 ,a second is3-- ,"h 9 h] bosom does ! t5d] e>? ,embrace great ,plato's corpse4--,8 s\l al(t ,has ta'en its place among ! immortal ,gods4 ,ari/on's glori\s son--:om all good m51 ,?\gh 9 f> c\ntries1 held 9 love & hon\r1 ,rememb]+ 8 pure & god-l life4 ,!re is ano!r :i* is m mod]n3-- ,a4 ,eagle1 :y fly y o'er ?is holy tomb8 ,or are y on y\r way1 ) l(ty w+1 ,to "s bright />ry domicile ( ! ,gods8 ,b4 ,i am ! image ( ! s\l ( ,plato1 ,& to ,olympus n[ am borne on high2 ,8 body lies 9 8 own native ,attica4 ,we ourselves also h writt5 "o epigram on him1 :i* is z foll[s3-- ,if fav'r+ ,phbus _h n ,plato giv5 ,to ,grecian l&s1 h[ w\ld ! le>n$ ,god ,h e'er in/ruct$ mortal m9ds 9 le>n+8 ,b he did s5d him1 t z sculapius ,8 son's ! be/ physician ( ! body1 ,s ,plato %\ld be ( ! immortal s\l4 ,& o!rs1 allud+ to 8 dea?3-- ,phbus1 to bless mank9d1 became ! fa!r ,( sculapius1 & ( god-l ,plato2 ,t "o to heal ! body1 ?is ! m9d4 ,n[1 f a m>riage fea/ he's gone to heav51 ,to realize ! happy city !re1 ,:i* he has plann$ fit = ! realms ( ,jove4 ,^! !n are ! epigrams on him4 ,,xxxi4 ,8 disciples 71 ,speusippus ! ,a!nian1 ,z5ocrates ( ,*alc$on1 ,ari/otle ! ,/agirite1 ,philip ( ,opus1 ,hi/iu ( ,p]9?us1 ,dion ( ,syracuse1 ,amyclus ( ,h]aclea1 ,era/us & ,coriscus ( ,sceptos1 ,timolaus ( ,cyzicus1 ,eudon ( ,lampsacus1 ,pi?on & ,h]aclides ( mus1 ,hippo?ales & ,callippus1 ,a!nians1 ,demetrius ( ,amphipolis1 ,h]aclides ( ,pontus1 & numb]s ( o!rs1 among :om !re 7 also two wom51 ,la/h5ea ( ,mant9ea1 & ,axio!a ( ,phlius1 :o us$ ev5 to we> man's clo!s1 z we are told by ,dicar*us4 ,"s say t ,!ophra/us also 0 a pupil ( 82 & ,*amlion says t ,hyp]ides ! orator1 & ,lycurgus1 7 s likewise4 ,polemo also ass]ts t ,demo/h5es 04 ,sab9us adds ,mnesi/ratus ( ,?asos to ! numb]1 quot+ au?ority = ! /atem5t 9 ! f\r? book ( 8 ,m$itative ,matt]2 & x is n improbable4 ,,xxxii4 ,b z y1 ,o lady1 are rightly v mu* atta*$ to ,plato1 & z y are v fond ( hunt+ out 9 e qu>t] all ! doctr9es ( ! philosoph] ) great eag]ness1 ,i h ?\ght x necess>y to subjo9 an acc\nt ( ! g5]al "* ( 8 lectures1 & ( ! arrangem5t ( 8 dialogues1 & ( ! me?od ( 8 inductive argum5t2 go+ back to _! elem5ts & fir/ pr9ciples z f> z ,i c\ld1 s t ! collection ( anecdotes conc]n+ 8 life :i* ,i h be5 able to make1 may n be curtail$ by ! omission ( any /atem5t z to 8 doctr9es4 ,= x w\ld be l s5d+ owls to ,a!ns1 z ! prov]b is1 if ,i 7 to desc5d to p>ticul> details4 ,!y say n[1 t ,z5o1 ! ,eleatic1 0 ! fir/ p]son :o compos$ essays 9 ! =m ( dialogue4 ,b ,ari/otle1 9 ! fir/ book ( 8 treatise on ,poets1 says t ,alexam5us1 a native ( ,/yra1 or ,teos1 did s be=e him1 z ,phavor9us also says 9 8 ,comm5t>ies4 ,b x seems to me t ,plato gave ?is k9d ( writ+ ! la/ poli%1 & t he has !re=e1 a j "r to ! fir/ hon\r1 n only z ! improv]1 b also z inv5tor ( t k9d ( writ+4 ,n[1 ! dialogue is a disc\rse c>ri$ on by way ( "q & answ]1 on "s "o ( ! subjects ) :i* philosophy is conv]sant1 or ) :i* /atesman%ip is conc]n$1 ) a becom+ att5tion to ! *>act]s ( ! p]sons :o are introduc$ z speak]s1 & ) a c>eful selection ( language gov]n$ by ! same consid]ation4 ,& dialectics is ! art ( conv]s+1 by means ( :i* we ei!r ov]turn or e/abli% ! proposition cont5d$ =1 by means ( ! que/ions & answ]s :i* are put 9 ! m\?s ( ! p>ties conv]s+4 ,n[1 ( ! ,platonic disc\rse !re are two *>act]i/ics disc]nible on ! v surface2 "o fitt$ = guid+1 ! o!r = inve/igat+4 ,! fir/ ( ^! has two subord9ate species1 "o speculative1 ! o!r practical2 & ( ^! two aga91 ! speculative is divid$ into ! natural & ! logical1 & ! practical into ! e?ical & ! political4 ,aga91 ! k9d fitt$ = inve/igat+ has also two prim>y divisions ) _! sep>ate *>act]i/ics1 "o object ( :i* is simply practice1 ! o!r be+ also disputati\s3 & ! fir/ ( ^! two is aga9 subdivid$ into two2 "o ( :i* may be comp>$ to ! art ( ! midwife1 & ! o!r is z x 7 t5tative2 ! disputati\s "o is also divid$ into ! demon/rative & ! di/9ctive4 ,b we are n unaw>e t "s writ]s di/+ui% ! v>i\s dialogues 9 a diff]5t mann] f :at we d4 ,= !y say t "s ( !m are dramatic1 & o!rs n>rative1 & o!rs ( a mix$ nature4 ,b !y1 9 ?is division1 are classify+ ! dialogues 9 a !atrical r ?an 9 a philosophical mann]4 ,"s ( ! dialogues also ref] to subjects ( natural philosophy1 su* z ! ,timu4 ,( ! logical class1 !re are ! ,politics1 ! ,cratylus1 ! ,p>m5ides1 & ! ,sophi/4 ,( ! e?ical k9d !re is ! def5ce ( ,socrates1 ! ,crito1 ! ,phd1 ! ,phdrus1 ! ,banquet1 ! ,m5ex5us1 ! ,clitophon1 ! ,epi/les1 ! ,philebus1 ! ,hipp>*us1 & ! ,rival ,lov]s4 ,( ! political class !re is ! ,republic1 ! ,laws1 ! ,m9os1 ! ,ep9omis1 & ! ,atlanticus4 ,( ! midwife description we h ! two ,alcibiades's1 ! ,!ages1 ! ,lysis1 ! ,la*es4 ,( ! t5tative k9d1 !re is ! ,eu?yphro1 ! ,m5o1 ! ,ion1 ! ,*>mides1 & ! ,!tetus4 ,( ! demon/rative description1 we h ! ,protagoras1 & ( ! di/9ctive class ! ,eu?ydemus1 ! two ,hippias's1 & ! ,gorgias4 ,& ?is is en\gh to say ab\t ! dialogues z to :at !y are1 & :at _! diff]5t k9ds are4 ,,xxxiii4 ,b s9ce !re is also a great division ( op9ion respect+ !m1 f "s p ass]t+ t 9 !m ,plato dogmatizes 9 a positive mann]1 :ile o!rs d5y ?is1 we _h bett] also t\* ^u ?is "p ( ! "q4 ,n[1 dogmatiz+ is lay+ d[n dogmas1 j z legislat+ is mak+ laws4 ,b ! ^w dogma is us$ 9 two s5ses2 to mean bo? t :i* we ?9k1 & op9ion itself4 ,n[ ( ^!1 t :i* we ?9k is ! proposition1 & op9ion is ! conception by :i* we ent]ta9 x 9 our m9ds4 ,plato !n expla9s ! op9ions :i* he ent]ta9s himself1 & refutes false ones2 & ab\t d\btful matt]s he susp5ds 8 judgm5t4 ,8 op9ions ( matt]s z !y appe> to him he puts into ! m\? ( f\r p]sons1 ,socrates1 ,timu1 an ,a!nian poet1 & an ,eleatic /rang]4 ,b ! /rang]s are n1 z "s p h suppos$1 ,plato & ,p>m5ides1 b c]ta9 nameless imag9>y *>act]s4 ,s9ce ,plato ass]ts z und5iable axioms all ! op9ions :i* he puts into ! m\? ( ,socrates or ,timu4 ,b :5 he is refut+ false propositions1 he introduces su* *>act]s z ,?rasyma*us1 & ,callicles1 & ,polus1 & ,gorgias1 & ,protagoras1 ,hippias too1 & ,eu?ydemus1 & m5 ( t /amp4 ,b :5 he is demon/rat+ any?+1 !n he *iefly uses ! inductive =m ( argum5t1 & t too n ( "o k9d only1 b ( two4 ,= induction is an argum5t1 :i* by means ( "s admitt$ tru?s e/abli%es naturally o!r tru?s :i* resemble !m4 ,b !re are two k9ds ( induction2 ! "o proce$+ f contr>ies1 ! o!r f consequ5ts4 ,n[1 ! "o :i* proce$s f contr>ies1 is "o 9 :i* f ! answ] giv51 :atev] t answ] may be1 ! contr>y ( ! pr9ciple indicat$ 9 ! "q mu/ foll[4 ,z = in/ance4 ,my fa!r is ei!r a diff]5t p]son f y\r fa!r1 or he is ! same p]son4 ,if n[ y\r fa!r is a diff]5t p]son f my fa!r1 !n z he is a diff]5t p]son f a fa!r1 he _c be a fa!r4 ,if1 on ! o!r h&1 he is ! same p]son z my fa!r1 !n1 s9ce he is ! same p]son z my fa!r1 he mu/ be my fa!r4 ,& aga91 if man be n an animal1 he mu/ be ei!r a /one or a piece ( wood2 b he is n a /one or a piece ( wood1 = he is a liv+ animal1 & capable ( indep5d5t motion4 ,!re=e1 he is an animal4 ,b1 if he is an animal1 & a dog or an ox is likewise an animal1 !n man mu/ be an animal1 & a dog1 & an ox4--,?is !n is ! me?od ( induction 9 contradiction & cont5tion1 :i* ,plato 0 accu/om$ to employ1 n = ! purpose ( e/abli%+ pr9ciples ( 8 own1 b ) ! object ( refut+ ! argum5ts ( o!rs4 ,n[1 ! inductive k9d ( argum5t drawn f consequ5ts is ( a tw(old "*4 ,! "o prov+ a p>ticul> op9ion by an admitt$ fact ( an equally p>ticul> nature2 or else go+ f p>ticul>s to g5]als4 ,& ! fir/ ( ^! two divisions is ! oratorical "o1 ! second ! dialectic "o4 ,z = in/ance1 9 ! =m] k9d ! "q is :e!r ?is p]son has committ$ a murd]2 ! pro( is t he 0 f\nd at ! "t cov]$ ) blood4 ,b ?is is ! oratorical me?od ( employ+ ! induction2 s9ce oratory is conv]sant ab\t p>ticul>s1 & does n conc]n itself ab\t g5]als4 ,= its object is n to asc]ta9 ab/ract ju/ice1 b only p>ticul> ju/ice4 ,! o!r is ! dialectic k9d1 ! g5]al proposition hav+ be5 e/abli%$ by p>ticul> ones4 ,z = in/ance1 ! "q is :e!r ! s\l is immortal1 & :e!r ! liv+ consi/ ( ^? :o h once be5 dead2 & ?is proposition ,plato e/abli%es 9 8 book on ! ,s\l1 by a c]ta9 g5]al proposition1 t contr>ies arise out ( contr>ies2 & ?is id5tical g5]al proposition is e/abli%$ by c]ta9 p>ticul> ones4 ,z1 = in/ance1 t sleep foll[s on wak+1 & wak+ f sleep+1 & ! great] f ! less1 & rev]sely ! less f ! great]4 ,& ?is k9d ( induction he us$ to employ = ! e/abli%m5t ( 8 own op9ions4 ,,xxxiv4 ,anci5tly1 9 trag$y1 x 0 only ! *orus :o did ! :ole "w ( ! play2 b subsequ5tly1 ,!spis introduc$ "o actor = ! sake ( giv+ ! *orus "s re/1 & s*ylus add$ a second1 & ,sophocles a ?ird1 & s !y made trag$y complete4 ,s 9 ! same mann]1 philosophical disc\rse 0 orig9ally uni=m1 conc]n+ itself solely ab\t natural philosophy2 !n ,socrates add$ to x a second "*1 ! e?ical3 & ,plato a ?ird1 ! dialectic3 & s he br\ght philosophy to p]fection4 ,,xxxv4 ,b ,?rasybulus says t he publi%$ 8 dialogues z ! dramatic poets publi%$ _! tetralogies4 ,=1 !y cont5d$ ) f\r plays1 7& at f\r fe/ivals1 ! ,dionysiac1 ! ,l5an1 ! ,pana!nan1 & ! ,*ytri71 "o ( :i* 0 a satiric drama1 & ! :ole f\r plays 7 call$ a tetralogy4 ,n[1 p say1 ! :ole ( 8 g5u9e dialogues am\nt to fifty-six2 ! treatise on ! ,republic be+ divid$ into t5 books1 7:i* ,phavor9us1 9 ! second book ( 8 ,univ]sal ,hi/ory1 says may be f\nd almo/ entire 9 ! ,contradictions ( ,protagoras71 & t on ,laws into twelve4 ,& !re are n9e tetralogies1 if we consid] ! ,republic z occupy+ ! place ( "o book1 & ! ,laws ( ano!r4 ,he arranges1 !re=e1 ! fir/ tetralogy ( ^! dialogues :i* h a common subject1 wi%+ to %[ :at sort ( life t ( ! philosoph] may h be54 ,& he uses two titles = ea* sep>ate book1 tak+ "o f ! "n ( ! pr9cipal speak]1 & ! o!r f ! subject4 ,?is tetralogy !n1 :i* is ! fir/1 is comm5c$ by ! ,eu?yphron1 or :at is ,holy2 & t dialogue is a t5tative "o4 ,! second is ! ,def5ce ( ,socrates1 a moral "o4 ,! ?ird is ! ,criton1 or ,:at is to be done1 a moral "o4 ,! f\r? is ! ,phd1 or ! ,dialogue on ! ,s\l1 a moral "o4 ,! second tetralogy is t ( :i* ! fir/ piece is ! ,cratylus1 or ! correctness ( names1 a logical "o4 ,! ,!tetus1 or ,k1 a t5tative "o4 ,! ,sophi/1 or a dialogue on ! ,exi/5t1 a logical "o4 ,! ,/atesman1 or a dialogue ( ,mon>*y1 a logical "o4 ,! fir/ dialogue 9 ! ?ird tetralogy is ! ,p>m5ides1 or a dialogue ( ,ideas1 a logical "o4 ,! second is ! ,philebus1 or on ,pleasure1 a moral "o4 ,! ,banquet1 or on ! ,good1 a moral "o4 ,! ,phdrus1 or on ,love1 a moral "o4 ,! f\r? tetralogy op5s ) ! ,alcibiades1 or a treatise on ! ,nature ( ,man1 a midwife-l "w4 ,! second ,alcibiades1 or on ,pray]1 a piece ( ! same "*4 ,! ,hipp>*us1 or on ! ,love ( ,ga91 a moral "o4 ,! ,rival ,lov]s1 or a treatise on ,philosophy1 a moral "o4 ,! fir/ dialogue 9 ! fif? is ! ,!ages1 or ano!r treatise on ,philosophy1 ano!r midwife-l "w4 ,! ,*>mides1 or on ,temp]ance1 a t5tative essay4 ,! ,la*es1 or on ,manly ,c\rage1 midwife-l4 ,! ,lysis1 or a diss]tation on ,fri5d%ip1 also midwife-l4 ,! six? tetralogy comm5ces ) ! ,eu?ydemus1 or ! ,disputati\s ,man1 a di/9ctive dialogue4 ,!n comes ! ,protagoras1 or ! ,sophi/s1 a demon/rative "o4 ,! ,gorgias1 or a diss]tation on ,rhetoric1 ano!r di/9ctive "o4 ,& ! ,m5o1 or on ,virtue1 a t5tative dialogue4 ,! sev5? beg9s ) ! two ,hippias's4 ,! fir/ be+ a diss]tation on ! ,beautiful1 ! second "o on ,falsehood1 bo? di/9ctive4 ,! ?ird is ! ,ion1 or a diss]tation on ! ,iliad1 a t5tative "o4 ,! f\r? is ! ,m5ex5us1 or ! ,fun]al ,oration1 a moral "o4 ,! fir/ dialogue 9 ! eigh? is ! ,clitophon1 or ! ,exhortation1 a moral piece4 ,!n comes ! ,republic1 or ! treatise on ,ju/ice1 a political "o4 ,! ,timu1 or a diss]tation on ,nature1 a dialogue on ,natural ,philosophy4 ,& ! ,critias1 or ,atlanticus1 a moral "o4 ,! n9? beg9s ) ! ,m9os1 or a treatise on ,law1 a political "w4 ,! ,laws1 or a diss]tation on ,legislation1 ano!r political "w4 ,! ,ep9omis1 or ! ,nocturnal ,conv]sation1 or ! ,philosoph]1 a ?ird political "o4 ,,xxxvi4 ,& ?is la/ tetralogy is complet$ by ?irte5 epi/les1 all moral2 to :i* is prefix$ z a motto1 1 j z ,epicurus inscrib$ on 8 1 & ,cleon on 8 4 ,!y are1 "o lett] to ,ari/odemus1 two to ,ar*ytas1 f\r to ,dionysius1 "o to ,h]meias1 ,era/us1 & ,coriscus1 "o to ,leodamas1 "o to ,dion1 "o to ,p]diccas1 & two to ! fri5ds ( ,dion4 ,,xxxvii4 ,& ?is is ! way 9 :i* "s p divide 8 works4 ,b o!rs1 among :om is ,ari/ophanes1 ! gramm>ian1 arrange 8 dialogues 9 trilogies2 & !y make ! fir/ to consi/ ( ! ,republic1 ! ,timu & ! ,critias4 ,! second ( ! ,sophi/1 ! ,/atesman1 ! ,cratylus4 ,! ?ird ( ! ,laws1 ! ,m9os1 ! ,ep9omis4 ,! f\r? ( ! ,!tetus1 ! ,eu?yphro1 ! ,def5ce ( ,socrates4 ,! fif? ( ! ,crito1 ! ,phd1 ! ,epi/les4 ,& ! re/ !y arrange s+ly & indep5d5tly1 )\t any regul> ord]4 ,& "s au?ors1 z has be5 said already1 place ! ,republic at ! head ( 8 works3 o!rs beg9 ) ! ,great] ,alcibiades3 o!rs ) ! ,!ages2 "s ) ! ,eu?yphro1 o!rs ) ! ,clitophon2 "s ) ! ,timu1 "s ) ! ,phdrus1 o!rs aga9 ) ! ,!tetus4 ,_m make ! ,def5ce ( ,socrates ! fir/ piece4 ,!re are "s dialogues attribut$ to him :i* are confess$ly spuri\s4 ,! ,midon1 or ! ,horse-bre$]2 ! ,eryxias1 or ,erasi/ratus2 ! ,alcyon2 ! ,acephali1 or ,sisyphi2 ! ,axio*us2 ! ,phacians2 ! ,demodorus2 ! ,*elidon2 ! ,sev5?2 ! ,epim5ides4 ,( :i* ! ,alcyon is believ$ to be ! "w ( a man nam$ ,leon2 z ,phavor9us tells u 9 ! sev5? book ( 8 ,comm5t>ies4 ,,xxxviii4 ,b he employs a great v>iety ( t]ms 9 ord] to r5d] 8 philosophical sy/em un9telligible to ! ignorant4 ,9 8 phraseology he consid]s wisdom z ! k ( ?+s :i* c be und]/ood by ! intellect1 & :i* h a real exi/5ce3 :i* has ! ,gods = its object1 & ! s\l z unconnect$ ) ! body4 ,he also1 ) a peculi>ity ( expression1 calls wisdom also philosophy1 :i* he expla9s z a desire = div9e wisdom4 ,b wisdom & exp]i5ce are also us$ by him 9 _! common acceptation2 z1 = in/ance1 :5 he calls an artisan wise 774 ,he also uses ! same words 9 diff]5t s5ses at diff]5t times4 ,accord+ly he uses 9 ! s5se ( 1 simple1 9 :i* mean+ also ! ^w occurs 9 ,euripides1 9 ! ,licymonius1 :]e ! poet speaks ( ,h]cules 9 ! foll[+ t]ms3-- ,mean look+ 771 rude1 virtu\s 9 great affairs1 ,measur+ all wisdom by its la/ results1 ,a h]o unref9$ 9 spee*4 ,b ,plato uses ! ^w sometimes ev5 = :at is beautiful2 & sometimes = small & insignificant2 & v (t5 he uses diff]5t words to express ! same idea4 ,accord+ly1 besides ! ^w = a class1 he uses also 1 & 1 & 1 & 1 & 4 ,sometimes he uses opposite expressions = ! same ?+2 accord+ly1 he says t x is an object ( s5sation t exi/s1 :ile at o!r times he says x is t :i* does n exi/2 speak+ ( x z exi/+ because ( its orig91 & z non-exi/5t ) ref]5ce to its cont9ual *anges4 ,!n aga91 he def9es 8 z some?+ :i* is nei!r mov+ nor /ation>y1 at "o "t call+ ! same ?+1 at ano!r "t "o ?+1 at a ?ird "t _m ?+s4 ,& he is 9 ! habit ( do+ ?is 9 _m in/ances4 ,& ! explanation ( 8 argum5ts is ?ree-fold4 ,= fir/ ( all1 x is necess>y to expla9 :at ea* ?+ t is said is2 secondly1 on :at acc\nt x is said1 :e!r because ( its be>+ on ! pr9cipal po9t1 or figuratively1 & :e!r x is said = ! purpose ( e/abli%+ an op9ion ( 8 own1 or ( refut+ ! argum5ts br\ght =w>d by ! o!r p>ty to ! conv]sation2 & ?irdly1 :e!r x has be5 said truly4 ,,xxxix4 ,b s9ce !re are "s p>ticul> m>ks put 9 8 books1 we mu/ also say some?+ ab\t !m4 indicates peculi> expressions & figures ( spee*1 & g5]ally any peculi>ities ( ,plato's /yle4 ,:5 d\bl$ x po9ts to ! doctr9es & peculi> op9ions ( ,plato2 :5 dott$ all r\nd1 po9ts to "s select bits ( beautiful writ+4 ,:5 d\bl$ & dott$ x indicates corrections ( "s passages4 ,a dott$ obelus indicates ha/y disapprovals4 ,an inv]t$ sigma dott$ all r\nd po9ts out passages :i* may be tak5 9 a d\ble s5se1 & transpositions ( words4 ,! ,c]aunium#cc indicates a connection ( philosophical ideas4 ,an a/]isk po9ts out an agreem5t 9 doctr9e4 ,& an obelus m>ks ! rejection ( ! expression or ( ! passage4 ,^! !n are ! m>g9al m>ks :i* occur1 & ! writ+s ( :i* ,plato 0 ! au?or3--:i*1 z ,antigonus ! ,c>y/ian says1 9 8 treatise on ,z5o1 :5 !y _h be5 b lately publi%$1 br\ght 9 "s ga9 to ! possessors1 if any "o else 0 desir\s ( read+ !m4 ,,xl4 ,^! n[ 7 8 *ief op9ions4 ,he affirm$ t ! s\l 0 immortal & clo!d 9 _m bodies successively1 & t its fir/ pr9ciple 0 numb]1 & t ! fir/ pr9ciple ( ! body 0 geometry4 ,& he def9$ x z an ab/ract idea ( _s diffus$ 9 e direction4 ,he said also1 t x 0 self-mov+ & ?reefold4 ,= t t "p ( x :i* 0 capable ( reason+ 0 situat$ 9 ! head1 t t portion :i* 0 affect$ by passion 0 seat$ ar\nd ! he>t1 & t :i* 0 appetitive 0 plac$ ar\nd ! navel & ! liv]4 ,& t x is plac$ 9 ! middle ( ! body1 & embraces x at ! same "t 9 all its p>ts1 & t x consi/s ( elem5ts2 & t :5 x is divid$ accord+ to h>monic int]vals x =ms two connect$ circles2 ( :i* ! inn] circle is divid$ into six portions1 & makes 9 all sev5 circles2 & t ?is is plac$ on ! left h& ( ! diamet]1 & situat$ 9 ! int]ior4 ,b ! o!r is on ! "r h& ( ! same l9e2 on :i* acc\nt1 & because x is "o only1 x is ! sup]ior ( ! two4 ,= ! o!r is divid$ int]nally2 & ?is too1 is ! circle ( t :i* is always ! same2 ! o!r1 ! circle ( t :i* is *angeable & diff]5t4 ,& ! "o he says is ! motion ( ! s\l1 b ! o!r is ! motion ( ! univ]se & ( ! planets4 ,on ! o!r side1 ! division ( ! circles f ! c5tre to ! extremities1 be+ h>moni\sly appropriat$ to ! ess5ce ( ! s\l1 ! "o kn[s exi/+ ?+s & e/abli%es h>mony betwe5 !m1 because x is itself compos$ ( h>moni\s elem5ts4 ,! circle ( :at is *angeable1 eng5d]s op9ion by its regul> movem5ts2 b ! circle ( t :i* is always ! same produces k4 ,,xli4 ,plato lays d[n two prim>y causes or pr9ciples ( all ?+s1 ,god & matt]1 :i* he also calls m9d1 & ! cause4 ,& he def9es matt] z some?+ )\t %ape & )\t limitation1 & says t f x all concretions arise4 ,he affirms also t z x 0 mov+ ab\t at r&om1 x 0 br\ght by ,god into "o settl$ place1 z ,god ?\ght ord] bett] ?an disord]2 & t ?is nature is divid$ into f\r elem5ts1 fire1 wat]1 air1 & e>?1 ( :i* ! _w itself & ev]y?+ 9 x 0 made4 ,b he says t ! e>? is ! only ?+ t is un*angeable1 z he consid]s ! cause to be ! diff]5ce ( ! figures ( :i* x is compos$2 = he says t ! figures ( ! o!rs are homog5e\s2 = t !y are all compos$ equally ( scal5e triangles4 ,! figure ( ! e>?1 h[ev]1 is peculi> to itself2 = ! elem5t ( fire is a pyramid2 ( air1 an octagon2 ( wat]1 an eicosagon2 & ( ! e>?1 a cube2 ow+ to :i* ^! ?+s _c be *ang$ into e>?1 nor e>? into !m4 ,he tea*es also t ^! elem5ts are n sep>at$ s z to occupy ea* a peculi> & di/9ct place2 = ! sph]ical motion collects & compresses all ! small ?+s t[>ds ! c5tre1 & ! small ?+s sep>ate ! great ones1 on :i* acc\nt ! species1 z !y *ange1 d also *ange _! positions4 ,moreov] he ass]ts t ! _w is "o1 & has be5 produc$1 s9ce x has be5 made by ,god1 9 su* a mann] z to be an object ( s5sation4 ,& he consid]s x end[$ ) life1 because t :i* is s end[$1 is sup]ior to t :i* is n1 & x mu/ be ! production ( ! mo/ excell5t produc]4 ,x is also "o1 & illimitable2 because ! model aft] :i* x 0 made 0 "o2 & x is sph]ical1 because its creator 0 ( t =m2 = x also conta9s all o!r animals1 & ,god :o made x comprises all =ms4 ,& x is smoo?1 & has no in/rum5ts :atev] all r\nd x1 because x has no ne$ ( any4 ,b ! :ole _w rema9s imp]i%able1 because x _c be resolv$ into ,god2 & ,god is ! cause ( univ]sal production1 because x is ! nature ( ! good to be productive ( good2 & ! be/ is ! cause ( ! production ( ! heav52 = ! be/ ( all productions c h no o!r cause ?an ! be/ ( all intelligible exi/5ces4 ,& s9ce ,god is ( t "*1 & s9ce heav5 resembles ! be/1 inasmu* z x is at lea/ ! mo/ beautiful ( all ?+s1 x _c be l any?+ else t is produc$1 except ,god4 ,he also tea*es t ! _w consi/s ( fire1 wat]1 air1 & e>?2 ( fire1 9 ord] t x may be visible2 ( e>?1 9 ord] t x may be firm2 ( wat] & air1 t x may n be de/itute ( proportion2 = two middle t]ms are indisp5sable to keep ! solid bodies 9 due proportion to "o ano!r1 & to realize ! unity ( ! :ole4 ,9 %ort1 ! _w is =m$ ( all ! elem5ts toge!r1 9 ord] t x may be p]fect & imp]i%able4 ,aga91 "t is ! image ( et]nity2 et]nity subsi/s = ev]2 b ! motion ( ! heav5 is "t2 = day1 & night1 & ! mon?s1 & all su* divisions1 are p>ts ( "t1 on :i* acc\nt !re c\ld be no su* ?+ z "t ap>t f ! nature ( ! _w2 = "t exi/$ contemporane\sly & simultane\sly ) ! _w4 ,& x 0 ) ref]5ce to "t t ! sun1 & ! moon1 & ! planets 7 made2 & x 0 9 ord] t ! numb] ( ! seasons might be manife/1 & t ! animals might p>take ( numb]1 t ,god k9dl$ ! light ( ! sun2 & t ! moon 0 above ! circle ( ! e>?1 & t ! sun 0 next to x1 & 9 ! /ill high] circles 7 ! planets4 ,& t ! univ]se 0 animat$1 because x 0 altoge!r b\nd up 9 animat$ motion1 & t ! race ( all o!r animals 0 produc$ 9 ord] t ! _w might be made p]fect1 & resembl+ an animal su* z c\ld be compreh5d$ by intellect4 ,s9ce !n ,god _h life1 ! heav5 also mu/ h life2 & ! ,gods are to a great ext5t compos$ ( fire4 ,& !re are ?ree o!r races ( animals1 ^? :i* fly 9 ! air2 ^? :i* live 9 ! wat]2 ^? :i* walk 9 ! e>?4 ,! olde/ ( all ! deities 9 heav5 is ! ,e>?2 %e 0 =m$ 9 ord] to be ! disp5s] ( night & day2 & z %e is plac$ 9 ! c5tre1 %e is con/antly 9 motion ar\nd ! c5tre4 ,& s9ce !re are two effici5t causes1 "s ?+s mu/1 he says1 be affirm$ to exi/ 9 consequ5ce ( intellect1 & "s f "s necess>y cause4 ,n[ necess>y causes are ! air1 fire1 e>?1 & wat]1 ^! n be+ real elem5ts1 b r receptacles2 & !y too are =m$ ( triangles 9 comb9ation1 & are resolvable into triangles2 & _! elem5ts are ! scal5e triangle & ! isosceles4 ,^! two be=e m5tion$ elem5ts are ! pr9ciples & causes ( ?+s1 ( :i* ! models are ,god & matt]1 :i* la/ mu/ necess>ily be de/itute ( =m1 z is ! case ( o!r receptacles4 ,& t ! cause ( ^! ?+s 0 a necess>y cause1 :i*1 receiv+ ! ideas1 produc$ ! sub/ances1 & 0 mov$ by ! dissimil>ity ( its own p[]1 & aga9 by its motion compell$ ^? ?+s :i* 7 mov$ by x to move o!r ?+s 9 _! turn4 ,b all ^! ?+s 7 =m]ly mov$ )\t any reason or ord]2 b aft] !y began to =m ! _w by _! comb9ation1 !y !n receiv$ symmetry & regul>ity f ,god1 accord+ to ! pr9ciples applicable to !m2 = ! effici5t causes1 ev5 be=e ! creation ( ! heav51 7 two 9 numb]4 ,!re 0 also a ?ird1 namely production2 b ^! 7 n v evid5t1 b r traces ?an actual ?+s1 & q devoid ( regul>ity4 ,b aft] ! _w 0 made1 !n !y too assum$ a regul> =m & arrangem5t2 b ! heav5 0 made ( all exi/+ bodies4 ,& ,plato consid]s t ,god is incorporeal j z ! s\l is1 & t x is ow+ to t t he is n affect$ by any de/ruction or ext]nal circum/ances4 ,& ideas1 z we h said be=e1 he def9es z c]ta9 causes & pr9ciples1 ow+ to :i* x is t su* & su* ?+s are by nature :at !y are4 ,,xlii4 ,on ! subject ( good & evil1 ^! 7 8 s5tim5ts3 t ! end 0 to become l ,god2 & t virtue 0 suffici5t ( h]self = happ9ess1 b nev]!less requir$ ! advantages ( ! body z in/rum5ts to "w )2 su* z heal?1 /r5g?1 ! integrity ( ! s5ses1 & ?+s ( t k9d2 & also ext]nal advantages1 su* z ri*es1 & noble bir?1 & glory4 ,/ill t ! wise man w\ld be n ! less happy1 ev5 if de/itute ( ^! auxili>y circum/ances2 = he w\ld enjoy ! con/itution ( 8 c\ntry1 & w\ld m>ry1 & w\ld n transgress ! e/abli%$ laws1 & t he w\ld legislate = 8 c\ntry1 z well z he c\ld "u exi/+ circum/ances1 unless he saw affairs 9 an unmanageable condition1 9 consequ5ce ( ! excessive facti\sness ( ! p4 ,he ?9ks too t ! ,gods sup]9t5d all ! affairs ( m51 & t !re are su* be+s z dmons4 ,& he 0 ! fir/ p]son :o def9$ ! notion ( ! hon\rable1 z t :i* bord]s on ! praisewor?y1 & ! logical1 & ! useful1 & ! becom+1 & ! exp$i5t1 all :i* ?+s are comb9$ ) t :i* is suitable to1 & 9 accordance )1 nature4 ,,xliii4 ,he also discuss$ 9 8 dialogues ! correctness ( t]ms1 s t he 0 ! fir/ p]son :o r$uc$ ! sci5ce ( giv+ correct answ]s1 & putt+ correct que/ions to a sy/em1 :i* he himself us$ to satiety4 ,,xliv4 ,9 8 dialogues he us$ to speak ( ju/ice z a k9d ( law ( ,god1 z be+ ( influ5ce suffici5t to excite m5 to act ju/ly1 9 ord] to avoid suff]+ puni%m5t z malefactors aft] dea?4 ,ow+ to :i* he appe>$ to "s p r fond ( my?ical /ories1 z he m+l$ /ories ( ?is k9d ) 8 writ+s1 9 ord] by ! unc]ta9ty ( all ! circum/ances t affect m5 aft] _! dea?1 to induce !m to ab/a9 f evil actions4 ,& ^! 7 8 op9ions4 ,,xlv4 ,he us$ too1 says ,ari/otle1 to divide ?+s 9 ?is mann]3--,( good1 "s h _! place 9 ! m9d1 "s 9 ! body1 & "s are :olly ext]nal4 ,z1 = in/ance1 ju/ice1 & prud5ce1 & manly c\rage1 & temp]ance1 & qualities ( t sort exi/ 9 ! s\l4 ,beauty1 & a good con/itution1 & heal?1 & /r5g? exi/ 9 ! body4 ,b fri5ds1 & ! prosp]ity ( "o's c\ntry1 & weal?1 are ext]nal goods4 ,!re are !n ?ree species ( goods1 "s 9 ! s\l1 "s 9 ! body1 & "s ext]nal to ei!r4 ,,xlvi4 ,!re are also ?ree species ( fri5d%ip4 ,= "o k9d is natural1 ano!r t :i* arises f companion%ip2 & ! ?ird is t :i* is produc$ by ties ( hospitality4 ,we call t natural fri5d%ip :i* p>5ts feel t[>ds _! (fspr+1 & relations t[>ds "o ano!r2 & ?is is p>tak5 ( by o!r animals besides m54 ,we call t ! fri5d%ip ( companion%ip :i* arises f a habit ( association1 & :i* has no ref]5ce to ties ( blood1 su* z ! fri5d%ip ( ,pylades = ,ore/es4 ,t :i* arises f ties ( hospitality is "o :i* owes its orig9 to agreem5ts1 & :i* is c>ri$ on by means ( lett]s betwe5 /rang]s4 ,!re is1 !re=e1 natural fri5d%ip1 & fri5d%ip betwe5 companions1 & betwe5 /rang]s4 ,"s also add a f\r? k9d1 namely1 ! fri5d%ip ( love4 ,,xlvii4 ,( political con/itutions !re are five species4 ,!re is "o k9d :i* is democratical1 a second :i* is ari/ocratical1 a ?ird is olig>*ical1 a f\r? mon>*ical1 & ! fif? is tyrannical4 ,n[1 ! democratical =m ( con/itution exi/s 9 ^? cities 9 :i* ! multitude has ! *ief p[]1 & elects magi/rates1 & passes laws at its own pleasure4 ,b an ari/ocracy is t =m 9 :i* nei!r ! ri*1 nor ! poor1 nor ! mo/ illu/ri\s m5 ( ! city rule1 b ! mo/ nobly born h ! *ief sway4 ,& olig>*y is t con/itution 9 :i* ! magi/racies are di/ribut$ accord+ to "s sort ( rat+3 = ! ri* are few] 9 numb] ?an ! poor4 ,! mon>*ical con/itution is ei!r dep5d5t on law or on family4 ,t 9 ,c>?age dep5ds on law2 t 9 ,lacdemon & ,mac$onia on family2 = !y select _! sov]eign out ( "s p>ticul> family4 ,b a tyranny is t k9d ( gov]nm5t 9 :i* ! p are ei!r cajol$ or con/ra9$ into be+ gov]n$ by a s+le individual4 ,=ms ( gov]nm5t !n1 are divid$ into democracy1 ari/ocracy1 olig>*y1 mon>*y1 & tyranny4 ,,xlviii4 ,aga91 ( ju/ice !re are ?ree species4 ,= !re is "o k9d :i* is conv]sant ) ! gods2 a second :i* has ref]5ce to m52 & a ?ird1 :i* conc]ns ! dead4 ,= !y :o sacrifice accord+ to ! laws1 & :o pay due respect to ! temples1 are manife/ly pi\s to ! gods4 ,& ^? :o repay :at has be5 l5t to !m1 & re/ore :at has be5 deposit$ ) !m1 act ju/ly z to m54 ,& ^? :o pay due respect to ! tombs1 cle>ly are pi\s t[>ds ! dead4 ,!re is1 !re=e1 "o ju/ice t[>ds ! ,gods1 a second t[>ds m51 & a ?ird t[>ds ! dead4 ,,xlix4 ,9 ! same way1 !re are also ?ree species ( k4 ,!re is "o k9d :i* is practical1 a second :i* is productive1 a ?ird :i* is !oretical4 ,= ! sci5ce ( build+ h\ses or %ips1 is production4 ,= "o c see ! "w :i* is produc$ by x4 ,political sci5ce1 & ! sci5ce ( play+ ! flute1 or ! h>p1 or su* ?+s z t1 is practical2 = "o _c see any visible result :i* has be5 produc$ by !m1 & yet !y are do+ some?+4 ,= "o man plays ! flute or plays ! h>p1 & ano!r occupies himself ) /ate affairs4 ,aga91 geometrical1 & h>monic1 & a/ronomical sci5ce are all !oretical1 = !y d no?+1 & produce no?+4 ,b ! geometrician !orizes z to :at relation l9es be> to "o ano!r2 & ! h>moni/ speculates ab\t s\nds1 & ! a/ronom] ab\t />s & ab\t ! _w4 ,accord+ly1 ( sci5ces "s are !oretical1 o!rs productive1 & a ?ird species is practical4 ,l4 ,( m$ical sci5ce !re are five species3 "o1 ph>maceutical2 a second1 manual2 a ?ird1 conv]sant ab\t ! regulation ( ! mann] ( life1 & ! diet2 a f\r?1 ! bus9ess ( :i* is to detect diseases2 & ! fif? is rem$ial4 ,! ph>maceutical relieves infirmities by means ( m$ic9es2 ! manual heals m5 by cutt+ & caut]iz+2 ! "o :i* att5ds to ! diet1 gets rid ( diseases by alt]+ & regulat+ ! diet2 ! f\r? produces its effects by a ?or\gh compreh5sion ( ! nature ( ! disease2 & ! la/ relieves m5 f suff]+ by br++ prompt assi/ance at ! mom5t4 ,m$ical sci5ce1 !n1 is divid$ into ! ph>maceutical1 ! manual1 ! dietetic1 ! diagno/ic1 & ! rem$ial4 ,,li4 ,( law !re are two divisions4 ,= !re is a writt5 & an unwritt5 law4 ,! "o by :i* we regulate our con/itutions 9 our cities1 is ! writt5 law2 t :i* arises f cu/om1 is ! unwritt5 law4 ,z1 = in/ance1 = a man to come nak$ into ! m>ket place1 or to we> woman's clo!s1 are actions :i* are n prohibit$ by any law1 & yet we nev] d !m because !y are =bidd5 by ! unwritt5 law4 ,law1 !re=e1 is divid$ into ! writt5 & ! unwritt5 law4 ,,lii4 ,disc\rse is divid$ into five heads2 "o ( :i* heads is t :i* /atesm5 employ :5 !y speak 9 ! public assemblies2 & ?is is call$ political4 ,ano!r division is t :i* orators use 9 _! writt5 h>angues1 & br+ =w>d = ! sake ( display 9 panegyrics or reproa*es1 or impea*m5ts4 ,& su* a description ( disc\rse z ?is is ! rhetorical4 ,a ?ird class is t :i* private individuals use :5 conv]s+ ) "o ano!r4 ,?is is call$ private disc\rse4 ,ano!r k9d is t :i* is employ$ :5 m5 conv]se by means ( putt+ %ort que/ions & giv+ brief answ]s to ^? :o "q !m4 ,?is is call$ ! dialectic k9d ( disc\rse4 ,! fif? division is t :i* arti/s adopt :5 conv]s+ on _! own p>ticul> art1 & ?is is call$ pr(essional disc\rse4 ,?us disc\rse1 !n1 is divid$ into political1 rhetorical1 private1 dialectic1 & pr(essional4 ,,liii4 ,music aga9 is divid$ into ?ree species4 ,= !re is ! music ( ! m\? alone1 su* z song2 secondly1 !re is ! music :i* is p]=m$ by ! h&s & m\? toge!r1 su* z s++ to ! h>p2 ?irdly1 !re is t :i* is execut$ by ! h&s alone1 su* z h>p play+4 ,music1 !re=e1 is divid$ into music ( ! m\?1 music ( ! m\? & h&s1 & music ( ! h&s4 ,,liv4 ,nobl5ess ( bir? is divid$ into f\r species2 ! fir/ is :5 "o's ance/ors are noble1 & valiant1 & j2 9 :i* case !y say t _! po/]ity are nobly born4 ,! second k9d is :5 "o's ance/ors h be5 pr9ces & rul]s ( nations1 & _! po/]ity also we call noble4 ,ano!r k9d is :5 "o's ance/ors h be5 di/+ui%$ = p]sonal r5[n1 su*1 = in/ance1 z is ga9$ by g5]al%ip or by victory at ! games4 ,= _! (fspr+ also we address z nobly born4 ,& ! la/ k9d is :5 a man is himself noble 9 8 _s1 & magnanim\s4 ,= t man also we call noble1 & ?is is ! la/ k9d ( nobility4 ,!re is1 !re=e1 nobility aris+ f virtu\s ance/ors1 f royal ance/ors1 f illu/ri\s ance/ors1 & f "o's own excell5t qualities4 ,,lv4 ,beauty also is divid$ into ?ree k9ds4 ,= !re is "o k9d :i* is praisewor?y1 z t ( a beautiful face4 ,ano!r :i* is useful1 z an in/rum5t or a h\se1 & ?+s ( t k9d :i* are beautiful1 ) ref]5ce to our use ( !m4 ,!re is also a beauty ) ref]5ce to laws1 & habits1 & ?+s ( t k9d1 :i* is likewise beautiful1 because ( its utility4 ,s t beauty aga9 is look$ at 9 ?ree ways1 ) ref]5ce to its praise1 its utility1 & to our use ( x4 ,,lvi4 ,! s\l is divid$ into ?ree p>ts2 = "o "p ( x is capable ( reason1 ano!r is influ5c$ by appetite1 ! ?ird "p is liable to passion4 ,( ^! ! reason+ "p is ! cause ( delib]at+1 & reason+1 & und]/&+1 & ev]y?+ ( t k9d4 ,! appetite "p is t portion ( ! s\l :i* is ! cause ( desir+ to eat1 & to embrace & ?+s ( t k9d4 ,! passionate "p is ! cause ( m5 feel+ confid5ce & delight1 & grief & ang]4 ,! s\l !re=e is divid$ into ! reason+ "p1 ! appetitive "p1 & ! passionate "p4 ,,lvii4 ,( p]fect virtue !re are f\r species4 ,"o is prud5ce1 "o is ju/ice1 ! ?ird is manly gallantry1 & ! f\r? is temp]ance4 ,( ^!1 prud5ce is ! cause ( a man act+ rightly 9 affairs2 ju/ice is ! cause ( 8 act+ ju/ly 9 p>tn]%ips & b>ga9s2 manly gallantry is ! cause ( a man's n be+ al>m$ amid dang]s & =midable circum/ances1 b /&+ firm2 & temp]ance is ! cause ( 8 subdu+ 8 appetites1 & be+ enslav$ by no pleasure1 b liv+ decor\sly4 ,s t virtue is divid$ into prud5ce1 ju/ice1 manly gallantry1 & temp]ance4 ,,lviii4 ,rule is divid$ into five p>ts4 ,"o is rule accord+ to law2 ano!r is rule accord+ to nature2 a ?ird k9d is rule accord+ to cu/om2 a f\r? division is rule ) ref]5ce to family2 ! fif? is rule by =ce4 ,n[ :5 ! rul]s 9 cities are elect$ by ! citiz5s1 !n !y rule accord+ to law2 ^? :o rule accord+ to nature are ! males1 n only among m51 b also among all o!r animals2 = ev]y:]e we %all f9d x z a g5]al rule t ! male rules ! female2 ! rule ( him :o rules accord+ to cu/om is su* z ?is1 :5 s*oolma/]s rule _! pupils1 & tea*]s _! disciples4 ,rule accord+ to family is t :i* prevails 9 places l ,lac$mon1 :]e h]$it>y sov]eigns reign4 ,= ! k+dom !re belongs to a c]ta9 family2 & 9 ,mac$onia !y rule on ! same pr9ciple4 ,= !re1 too1 ! k+dom dep5ds on family4 ,b ^? :o rule by =ce1 only cajol+ ! citiz5s1 rule 9 spite ( !m2 & su* a sway is call$ rule by =ce4 ,s t !re is rule by law1 & by nature1 & by cu/om1 & by family1 & by =ce4 ,,lix4 ,( rhetoric he speaks ( six species4 ,= :5 orators exhort ! p to make w> ^u or to =m alliances aga9/ any "o1 ?is species ( oratory is call$ exhortation4 ,:5 !y p]suade ! p n to make w>1 or to =m alliances1 b to keep quiet1 ?is k9d ( rhetoric is call$ dissuasion4 ,! ?ird species ( rhetoric1 is :5 any "o says t he has be5 injur$ by "s "o else1 & impea*es t p]son z guilty ( _m crimes2 = ?is species is call$ accusation4 ,! f\r? k9d ( rhetoric is call$ def5ce1 :5 a man %[s t he has done no wrong1 & t he is n guilty ( any?+ out ( ! way4 ,su* a k9d ( spee* !y call a def5ce4 ,! fif? species ( rhetoric1 is :5 any "o speaks well ( ano!r1 & %[s him to be virtu\s & hon\rable2 & ?is k9d is call$ encomium4 ,! six? species1 is :5 any "o %[s t ano!r p]son is wor?less2 & ?is k9d is call$ blame4 ,s t rhetoric is divid$ into encomium & blame1 exhortation & dissuasion1 accusation & def5ce4 ,speak+ correctly is divid$ "u f\r heads4 ,"o1 ! say+ :at is "r2 "o1 ! say+ z mu* z is "r2 ?irdly1 ! say+ x to ! prop] p2 & f\r?ly1 ! say+ x at ! prop] "t4 ,n[ z to ! say+ :at is "r1 t is ! say+ :at w be advantage\s bo? to ! speak] & to ! he>]4 ,! say+ z mu* z is "r1 is say+ nei!r m nor less ?an :at is suffici5t4 ,! say+ x to ! prop] p1 is suppos+ "o is speak+ to "o's eld]s :o are mi/ak5 9 any po9t1 ! us+ expressions prop] to be address$ to ^? old] ?an "o's self2 or1 on ! o!r h&1 if "o is address+ ^? y\ng]1 !n ! us+ language su* z is suitable to "y p4 ,! say+ x at ! prop] "t1 is speak+ nei!r too soon nor too late2 = if "o does1 "o w err & speak improp]ly4 ,,lx4 ,b5efic5ce is divid$ "u f\r heads4 ,= x may be ex]t$ ei!r 9 money1 or by p]sonal ex]tion1 or by k1 or by words4 ,9 money :5 any "o assi/s ^? :o are 9 want1 s z to put !m at ease ) respect to money4 ,& m5 b5efit "o ano!r by p]sonal ex]tion :5 !y come ^u ^? :o are be+ beat5 & assi/ !m4 ,aga91 ^? :o in/ruct1 or heal1 or :o tea* any good ?+1 b5efit o!rs by _! k2 & :5 "o p]son comes d[n to ! c\rt ( ju/ice z an advocate = ano!r1 & deliv]s "s spee* full ( s5se & good feel+ 9 8 behalf1 t man assi/s 8 fri5d by words4 ,s t !re is "o b5efic5ce :i* is display$ 9 money1 ano!r 9 p]sonal ex]tion1 a ?ird by means ( k1 & ! f\r? k9d by words4 ,,lxi4 ,aga91 ,plato divides ! end ( all affairs into f\r species4 ,an affair has "o end 9 accordance ) law1 :5 a decree is pass$1 & :5 ! law e/abli%es x2 x has an end 9 accordance ) nature1 :5 x is su* a ?+ z a day1 or a ye>1 or ! seasons4 ,x has an end accord+ to art1 :5 x is ar*itecture = in/ance1 = a man builds a h\se2 or :5 x is %ip-build+1 = x makes a %ip4 ,& affairs also come to an end by *ance1 :5 !y turn out diff]5tly f :at any "o expect$4 ,s t an end ( an affair is regulat$ ei!r by law1 or by nature1 or by art1 or by *ance4 ,,lxii4 ,p[] aga9 is divid$ into f\r species4 ,!re is "o p[] :i* we possess by our ability to reason & =m conceptions by means ( our intellect4 ,!re is ano!r p[] :i* we owe to ! body1 su* z ! p[] ( walk+1 or giv+1 or tak+1 & su* l4 ,!re is a ?ird :i* we possess ?r\gh ! multitude ( soldi]s or ri*es1 on :i* acc\nt a k+ is said to h great p[]4 ,& ! f\r? division ( p[] consi/s 9 ! be+ well or ill treat$1 & treat+ o!rs well or ill2 z1 = in/ance1 we may be sick1 or we may be taught1 or we may be 9 vigor\s heal?1 & _m m cases ( t sort4 ,s t "o k9d ( p[] dwells 9 ! intellect1 ano!r 9 ! body1 ano!r 9 an army & ri*es1 & ano!r 9 our capacity z ag5ts or pati5ts4 ,,lxiii4 ,( philan?ropy !re are ?ree sorts4 ,"o :i* is display$ 9 address+ p1 :5 "s p]sons address e "o :om !y meet1 & give !m _! "r h&1 & greet !m he>tily2 ano!r species is :5 "o is dispos$ to assi/ e "o :o is un=tunate4 ,! la/ k9d is t sort ( philan?ropy :i* makes m5 pleasant boon companions4 ,s t !re is "o k9d ( philan?ropy display$ 9 address+ p1 ano!r 9 b5efit+ !m1 & a ?ird 9 fea/+ & mak+ m]ry ) !m4 ,,lxiv4 ,happ9ess is divid$ into five p>ts4 ,= "o "p ( x is wisdom 9 c\nsel2 ano!r is a heal?y condition ( ! s5sations & g5]al heal? ( body2 a ?ird is good =tune 9 "o's affairs2 a f\r? k9d is good reputation among m52 a fif? is abundance ( ri*es & ( all ^? ?+s :i* are useful 9 life4 ,n[ wisdom 9 c\nsel arises f good in/ruction1 & f a p]son's hav+ exp]i5ce ( _m ?+s4 ,a heal?y condition ( ! s5sations dep5ds on ! limbs ( ! body2 z1 = in/ance1 :5 "o sees ) "o's eyes1 & he>s ) "o's e>s1 & smells ) "o's nose1 & feels ) "o's body1 j :at "o ought to see1 & he>1 & smell1 & feel4 ,su* a condition z ?is is a heal?y condition4 ,& good =tune is :5 a man does rightly & successfully :at a good & en]getic man ought to d4 ,& good reputation is :5 a man is well spok5 (4 ,& abundance ( ri*es is :5 a man has su* a suffici5cy ( ev]y?+ :i* relates to ! uses ( life1 t he is able to b5efit 8 fri5ds1 & to dis*>ge all public obligations 9 a spl5did & lib]al mann]4 ,& ! man :o has all ^! diff]5t p>ts ( happ9ess1 is a p]fectly happy man4 ,s t happ9ess is made up ( wisdom 9 c\nsel1 a good condition ( ! s5sations & heal? ( body1 good =tune1 good reputation1 & ri*es4 ,,lxv4 ,! arts are divid$ into ?ree k9ds4 ,! fir/1 ! second1 & ! ?ird4 ,! fir/ are ^? ( work+ m9es & cutt+ wood1 = ^! are prep>atory arts4 ,! second are su* z work+ metals & c>p5try1 = !y are alt]ative arts4 ,= work+ 9 metals makes arms out ( iron2 & c>p5try makes flutes & lyres out ( wood4 ,! ?ird is ! art :i* makes use ( in/rum5ts2 su* z horseman%ip1 :i* uses bridles2 ! milit>y art1 :i* uses arms2 music1 :i* uses flutes & lyres4 ,s t !re are ?ree species ( art2 "o ( :i* is ! fir/1 ano!r ! second1 & ano!r ! ?ird4 ,,lxvi4 ,good is divid$ into f\r k9ds4 ,"o ( :i* we mean :5 we speak ( a man end[$ ) private virtue1 z good2 ano!r k9d is t :i* we indicate1 :5 we call virtue & ju/ice1 good4 ,a ?ird k9d is t :i* we attribute to suitable food1 & ex]cise1 & m$ic9e4 ,! f\r? good1 is t :i* we mean1 :5 we speak ( good flute play+1 good act+1 & ?+s ( t sort4 ,!re are !re=e f\r k9ds ( good4 ,"o ! hav+ virtue2 ano!r1 virtue itself2 a ?ird1 useful food & ex]cise2 & f\r?ly1 we call skill 9 flute play+ & act+1 good4 ,,lxvii4 ,( ?+s exi/+1 "s are bad1 "s good1 & "s nei!r "o ?+ nor ! o!r4 ,( ^!1 we call ^? ?+s bad1 :i* are inv>iably capable ( do+ injury1 su* z intemp]ance1 folly1 inju/ice1 & ?+s ( t sort4 ,& ! opposites to ^! qualities are good4 ,b ^? ?+s1 :i* may at times be b5eficial1 & at times injuri\s1 su* z walk+1 sitt+ d[n1 & eat+2 or :i* h absolutely no p[] 9 any case to b5efit or injure any "o2 ^! are nei!r bad nor good4 ,( ?+s exi/+ !n1 !re are "s bad1 & "s good1 & "s ( a neutral "*1 nei!r bad nor good4 ,,lxviii4 ,a good /ate ( affairs ) ref]5ce to ! laws1 is divid$ "u ?ree heads4 ,"o :5 ! laws are good1 = t is a good /ate ( affairs2 s too is x1 :5 ! citiz5s abide by ! exi/+ laws2 & ! ?ird case is1 :5 al?\gh !re are no positive laws1 /ill m5 are good citiz5s 9 def]5ce to cu/om & to e/abli%$ in/itutions2 & ?is is also call$ a good /ate ( affairs4 ,s t ( ^! ?ree heads1 "o dep5ds on ! laws be+ good1 ano!r on ob$i5ce to exi/+ laws1 & ! ?ird on m5 yield+ to good cu/oms & in/itutions4 ,s aga91 lawlessness is divid$ into ?ree heads4 ,"o ( :i* is1 :5 ! laws are bad1 bo? z conc]ns /rang]s1 & ! citiz5s2 ano!r1 :5 ! citiz5s d n obey ! laws t are e/abli%$2 & ! ?ird is :5 !re is actually no law at all4 ,s t "o k9d ( lawlessness arises f bad laws1 ano!r f disob$i5ce to exi/+ laws1 & ! ?ird f ! abs5ce ( laws4 ,,lxix4 ,contr>ies are ( ?ree sorts2 = in/ance1 we say t good is contr>y to evil1 z ju/ice to inju/ice1 wisdom to folly1 & s on4 ,aga91 "s evils are contr>y to o!rs1 z extravagance is to /+9ess1 & ! be+ tortur$ ) ju/ice to ! be+ tortur$ ) inju/ice4 ,& su* evils z ^! are ! contr>ies ( o!r evils4 ,aga91 ! heavy is contr>y to ! light1 ! swift to ! sl[1 ! black to ! :ite2 s t "s ?+s :i* are ( a neutral "*1 nei!r good nor evil1 are contr>y to o!r ?+s ( a neutral "*4 ,( contr>ies !n1 !re are "s :i* are s1 z :at is good is contr>y to :at is evil2 o!rs1 z "o evil is contr>y to ano!r2 & o!rs aga91 z neutral ?+s are contr>y to o!r ?+s ( a neutral "*4 ,,lxx4 ,( good ?+s !re are ?ree k9ds2 = !re are "s :i* c be possess$2 o!rs1 :i* c be %>$2 o!rs1 :i* "o realizes 9 "o's self4 ,^? :i* c be possess$1 are ^? :i* x is possible = a p]son to h1 su* z ju/ice1 or good heal?2 ^? c be %>$1 :i* x is n possible = a p]son to h entirely to himself1 b :i* he may p>ticipate 92 z = in/ance1 a p]son _c be ! sole possessor ( ab/ract good1 b he may p>ticipate 9 x4 ,^? aga9 a p]son realizes 9 himself1 :5 !y are su*1 t he _c possess !m himself1 or %>e !m ) o!rs1 & yet !y ought to exi/2 z = in/ance1 x is good to be virtu\s & j1 b yet a man does n possess ! be+ virtu\s1 or p>ticipate 9 x2 b ! be+ virtu\s & j ought to exi/ 9 him4 ,( good ?+s1 !re=e1 !re are ^? :i* are possess$1 ^? :i* are %>$1 & ^? :i* ought to exi/ 9 a man4 ,,lxxi4 ,9 ! same mann]1 good c\nsel is divisible into ?ree k9ds4 ,= !re is "o k9d :i* is d]iv$ f pa/ "t1 ano!r f ! future1 ano!r f ! pres5t4 ,t :i* is d]iv$ f pa/ "t is made up ( in/ances1 z = in/ance :at ! ,lac$monians suff]$ by tru/+ to su* & su* p4 ,t :i* relates to ! pres5t1 is :5 :at is want$1 is to %[ t ! =tifications are weak1 ! m5 c[>dly1 or ! provisions scanty4 ,t :i* conc]ns ! future1 is :5 ! speak] urges t no injury ought to be (f]$ to ambassadors1 9 ord] t ,greece may n get an evil reputation2 & supports 8 argum5t by in/ances4 ,s t good c\nsel has ref]5ce1 fir/ly to :at is pa/1 secondly to :at is pres5t1 & ?irdly to ! future4 ,,lxxii4 ,voice is divid$ into two p>ts1 "o ( :i* is animat$1 & ! o!r inanimate4 ,t is animat$1 :i* proce$s f liv+ animals1 :ile s\nds & e*oes are inanimate4 ,aga91 animat$ voice may be divid$ into t :i* c be indicat$ by lett]s1 & t :i* _c2 t :i* c be s indicat$ be+ ! voice ( m51 & t :i* _c be+ ! voice ( animals2 s t "o k9d ( voice is animat$1 ! o!r inanimate4 ,,lxxiii4 ,( exi/+ ?+s1 "s are divisible & "s indivisible4 ,aga91 ^? :i* are divisible1 consi/ ei!r ( simil> or ( dissimil> p>ts4 ,^? :i* are indivisible are su* z h no sep>ate p>ts1 & are n =m$ by any comb9ation1 su* z unity1 a po9t1 or a s\nd4 ,b ^? are divisible :i* are =m$ by "s comb9ation2 z1 = in/ance1 syllables1 & symphonies1 & animals1 & wat]1 & gold4 ,^! too consi/ ( simil> p>ts1 :i* are made up ( p>ticles resembl+ "o ano!r1 & ( :i* ! :ole does n diff] f any "p1 except 9 numb]4 ,z = in/ance1 wat] & gold1 & ev]y?+ :i* is fusible1 & s on4 ,& ^! consi/ ( dissimil> p>ts1 :i* are made up ( v>i\s ?+s n resembl+ "o ano!r2 z = in/ance1 a h\se1 & ?+s ( t sort2 s t ( exi/+ ?+s1 "s are divisible & o!rs indivisible4 ,& ( ^? :i* are divisible1 "s consi/ ( simil> & o!rs ( dissimil> p>ts4 ,,lxxiv4 ,aga91 ( exi/+ ?+s1 "s are spok5 ( z hav+ an indep5d5t1 & "s only a relative exi/5ce4 ,^? :i* are spok5 ( z hav+ an indep5d5t exi/5ce1 are ^? :i* require no?+ else to be add$ to !m1 :5 we are expla9+ _! nature2 z man1 a horse1 & ! o!r animals2 = ^! h no ne$ ( any additional explanation4 ,b ^? ?+s are said to h a relative exi/5ce :i* d require "s additional explanation4 ,z = in/ance1 t :i* is great] ?an some?+ else1 or less1 or swift]1 or m beautiful1 & s on4 ,= t :i* is great]1 is great] ?an some?+ :i* is less2 & t :i* is swift]1 is swift] ?an some?+ else4 ,s t1 ( exi/+ ?+s1 "s are spok5 ( z indep5d5tly1 & o!r relatively4 ,& ?us he divid$ !m at fir/1 accord+ to ,ari/otle4 ,,lxxv4 ,!re 0 also ano!r man ( ! "n ( ,plato1 a philosoph] ( ,rhodes1 a disciple ( ,pantius1 z ,seleucus1 ! gramm>ian says 9 ! fir/ book ( 8 treatise on ,philosophy2 & ano!r 0 a ,p]ipatetic1 a pupil ( ,ari/otle2 & !re 0 a ?ird1 a pupil ( ,praxiphanes2 & !re 0 besides all ^!1 ! poet ( ! ,old ,com$y4 ,,book ,,iv4 ,,life ,,( ,,speusippus4 ,i4 ,! long acc\nt :i* ,i h giv5 ( ,plato 0 compil$ to ! be/ ( my p[]1 & 9 x ,i collect$ ) great zeal & indu/ry all t 0 report$ ( ! man4 ,,ii4 ,& he 0 succe$$ by ,speusippus1 ! son ( ,eurym$on1 & a citiz5 ( ,a!ns1 ( ! ,myrrh9usian burgh1 & he 0 ! son ( ,plato's si/] ,potone4 ,,iii4 ,he presid$ ov] 8 s*ool = eight ye>s1 beg9n+ to d s 9 ! hundr$ & eigh? olympiad4 ,& he set up images ( ! ,graces 9 ! temple ( ! ,muses1 :i* _h be5 built 9 ! ,academy by ,plato4 ,,iv4 ,& he always adh]$ to ! doctr9es :i* _h be5 adopt$ by ,plato1 ?\gh he 0 n ( ! same disposition z he4 ,= he 0 a passionate man1 & a slave to pleasure4 ,accord+ly1 !y say t he once 9 a rage ?rew a puppy into a well2 & t = ! sake ( amusem5t1 he w5t all ! way to ,mac$onia to ! m>riage ( ,cass&]4 ,v4 ,! female pupils ( ,plato1 ,la/h5ea ( ,mant9ea1 & ,axio!a ( ,phlius1 are said to h become disciples ( ,speusippus also4 ,& ,dionysius1 writ+ to him 9 a petulant mann]1 says1 8,& "o may le>n philosophy too f y\r female disciple f ,arcadia2 moreov]1 ,plato us$ to take 8 pupils )\t exact+ any fee f !m2 b y collect tribute f y\rs1 :e!r will+ or unwill+40 ,,vi4 ,he 0 ! fir/ man1 z ,diodorus relates 9 ! fir/ book ( 8 ,comm5t>ies1 :o inve/igat$ 9 8 s*ool :at 0 common to ! sev]al sci5ces2 & :o endeav\r$1 z f> z possible1 to ma9ta9 _! connection ) ea* o!r4 ,he 0 also ! fir/ :o publi%$ ^? ?+s :i* ,isocrates call$ secrets1 z ,cneus tells u4 ,& ! fir/ too :o f\nd out h[ to make light baskets ( bundles ( twigs4 ,,vii4 ,b he became afflict$ ) p>alysis1 & s5t to ,x5ocrates invit+ him to come to him1 & to become 8 successor 9 8 s*ool4 ,,viii4 ,& !y say t once1 :5 he 0 be+ borne 9 a c>riage into ! ,academy1 he met ,diog5es1 & said1 8,hail20 & ,diog5es repli$1 8,i w n say hail to y1 :o1 ?\gh 9 su* a /ate z y are1 endure to live40 ,,ix4 ,& at la/ 9 despair he put an end to 8 life1 be+ a man ( a great age4 ,& we h writt5 ?is epigram on him3-- ,_h ,i n kn[n ,speusippus ?us _h di$1 ,no "o w\ld h p]suad$ me t he ,0 e'er ak9 to ,plato2 :o w\ld nev] ,h di$ despond+ = s slight a grief4 ,b ,plut>*1 9 8 ,life ( ,lys&]1 & aga9 9 8 ,life ( ,sylla1 says t he 0 kept 9 a /ate ( con/ant inflammation by lice4 ,= he 0 ( a weak habit ( body1 z ,timo!us relates 9 8 treatise on ,lives4 ,x4 ,speusippus said to a ri* man :o 0 9 love ) an ugly woman1 8,:at d y want ) h]8 ,i w f9d y a mu* pretti] woman = t5 tal5ts40 ,,xi4 ,he left beh9d him a great numb] ( comm5t>ies1 & _m dialogues2 among :i* 0 "o on ,ari/ippus2 "o on ,ri*es2 "o on ,pleasure2 "o on ,ju/ice2 "o on ,philosophy2 "o on ,fri5d%ip2 "o on ! ,gods2 "o call$ ! ,philosoph]2 "o address$ to ,cephalus2 "o call$ ,cephalus2 "o call$ ,cl9oma*us1 or ,lysias2 "o call$ ! ,citiz52 "o on ! ,s\l2 "o address$ to ,gryllus2 "o call$ ,ari/ippus2 "o call$ ! ,te/ ( ,art4 ,!re 7 also ,comm5t>ies by way ( dialogues2 "o on ,art2 & t5 ab\t ^? ?+s :i* are alike 9 _! treatm5t4 ,!re are also books ( divisions & argum5ts direct$ to simil> ?+s2 ,essays on ! ,g5]a & ,species ( ,examples2 an ,essay address$ to ,am>tyrus2 a ,panegyric on ,plato2 ,lett]s to ,dion1 & ,dionysius1 & ,philip2 an ,essay on ,legislation4 ,!re is also1 ! ,ma!matician2 ! ,m&robulus2 ! ,lysias2 ,def9itions2 & a s]ies ( ,comm5t>ies4 ,!re are 9 all1 =ty-?ree ?\s& f\r hundr$ & sev5ty-five l9es4 ,simonides d$icat$ to him ! ,hi/ories1 9 :i* he _h relat$ ! actions ( ,dion & ,bion4 ,& 9 ! second book ( 8 ,comm5t>ies1 ,phavor9us /ates t ,ari/otle pur*as$ 8 books = ?ree tal5ts4 ,,xii4 ,!re 0 also ano!r p]son ( ! "n ( ,speusippus1 a physician ( ! s*ool ( ,h]ophilus1#cd a native ( ,alex&ria4 ,,life ,,( ,,x5ocrates4 ,i4 ,x5ocrates 0 ! son ( ,aga!nor1 & a native ( ,*alc$on4 ,f 8 e>ly y\? he 0 a pupil ( ,plato1 & also accompani$ him 9 8 voyages to ,sicily4 ,,ii4 ,he 0 by nature ( a lazy disposition1 s t !y say t ,plato said once1 :5 comp>+ him to ,ari/otle1--8,! "o requires ! spur1 & ! o!r ! bridle40 ,& on ano!r occasion1 he said1 8,:at a horse & :at an ass am ,i dress+ opposite to "o ano!r60 ,,iii4 ,9 o!r respects ,x5ocrates 0 always ( a solemn & grave "*1 s t ,plato 0 cont9ually say+ to him1--8,x5ocrates1 sacrifice to ! ,graces40 ,& he sp5t ! great] "p ( 8 "t 9 ! ,academy1 & :5ev] he 0 ab\t to g into ! city1 !y say all ! turbul5t & qu>relsome rabble 9 ! city us$ to make way = him to pass by4 ,& once1 ,phryne ! c\rtesan wi%$ to try him & pret5d+ t %e 0 pursu$ by "s p1 %e fl$ & took refuge 9 8 h\se2 & he admitt$ h] inde$1 because ( :at 0 due to humanity2 & z !re 0 b "o b$ 9 ! room1 he1 at h] entreaty1 all[$ h] to %>e x ) him2 b at la/1 9 spite ( all h] entreaties1 %e got up & w5t away1 )\t hav+ be5 able to succe$ 9 h] purpose2 & told ^? :o ask$ h]1 t %e _h quitt$ a /atue & n a man4 ,b "s say t ! real /ory is1 t 8 pupils put ,lais into 8 b$1 & t he 0 s cont95t1 t he submitt$ to "s sev]e op]ations ( excision & caut]y4 ,,iv4 ,& he 0 a v tru/wor?y man2 s t1 ?\gh x 0 n lawful = m5 to give evid5ce except on oa?1 ! ,a!nians made an exception 9 8 fav\r alone4 ,v4 ,he 0 also a man ( ! mo/ cont5t$ disposition2 accord+ly !y say t :5 ,alex&] s5t him a l>ge sum ( money1 he took ?ree ?\s& ,attic dra*mas1 & s5t back ! re/1 say+1 t ,alex&] want$ mo/1 z he _h ! greate/ numb] ( m\?s to fe$4 ,& :5 "s 0 s5t him by ,antipat]1 he w\ld n accept any ( x1 z ,myronianus tells u 9 8 ,similitudes4 ,& once1 :5 he ga9$ a gold5 cr[n1 9 a conte/ z to :o c\ld dr9k mo/1 :i* 0 (f]$ 9 ! ye>ly fe/ival ( ! ,*oes by ,dionysius1 he w5t out & plac$ ! cr[n at ! feet ( ! /atue ( ,m]cury1 :i* 0 at ! gate1 :]e he 0 also accu/om$ to deposit 8 g>l&s ( fl[]s4 ,x is said also1 t he 0 once s5t ) "s colleagues z an ambassador to ,philip2 & t !y 7 won ov] by gifts1 & w5t to 8 banquets & conv]s$ ) ,philip2 b t he w\ld d none ( ^! ?+s1 nor c\ld ,philip propitiate him by ^! means2 on :i* acc\nt1 :5 ! o!r ambassadors arriv$ 9 ,a!ns1 !y said t ,x5ocrates _h gone ) !m to no purpose2 & ! p 7 ready to puni% him2 b :5 !y _h le>nt f him t !y _h n[ m ne$ ?an ev] to look to ! welf>e ( _! city1 = t ,philip _h already brib$ all _! c\nsellors1 b t he _h be5 unable to w9 him ov] by any means1 !n !y say t ! p hon\r$ him ) r$\bl$ hon\r4 ,!y add also1 t ,philip said aft]w>ds1 t ,x5ocrates 0 ! only "o ( ^? :o _h come to him :o 0 incorruptible4 ,& :5 he w5t z ambassador to ,antipat] on ! subject ( ! ,a!nian captives at ! "t ( ! ,samian w>1 & 0 invit$ by him to a banquet1 he address$ him 9 ! foll[+ l9es3-- ,i answ]1 ,goddess human1 is ?y brea/ ,by ju/ice sway'd1 by t5d] pity pre/8 ,ill fits x me1 ^: fri5ds are sunk to bea/s1 ,to quaff ?y b[ls1 or riot 9 ?y fea/s3 ,me w\ld'/ ?\ please1 = !m ?y c>es employ1 ,& !m to me re/ore1 & me to joy8#ce ,& ,antipat]1 admir+ ! appropriat5ess ( ! quotation1 imm$iately releas$ !m4 ,,vi4 ,on "o occasion1 :5 a sp>r[ 0 pursu$ by a hawk1 & flew into 8 bosom1 he c>ess$ x1 & let x g aga91 say+ t we ought n to betray a suppliant4 ,& be+ ridicul$ by ,bion1 he said t he w\ld n answ] him1 = t trag$y1 :5 ridicul$ by com$y1 did n condesc5d to make a reply4 ,to "o :o _h nev] le>nt music1 or geometry1 or a/ronomy1 b :o wi%$ to become 8 disciple1 he said1 8,be gone1 = y h n yet ! h&les ( philosophy40 ,b "s say t he said1 8,be gone1 = ,i d n c>d wool "h40 ,& :5 ,dionysius said to ,plato t "s "o w\ld cut (f 8 head1 he1 be+ pres5t1 %[$ 8 own1 & said1 8,n be=e !y h cut (f m9e40 ,,vii4 ,!y say too t once1 :5 ,antipat] _h come to ,a!ns & salut$ him1 he w\ld n make him any reply be=e he _h f9i%$ quietly ! disc\rse :i* he 0 deliv]+4 ,,viii4 ,be+ exce$+ly devoid ( e k9d ( pride1 he (t5 us$ to m$itate ) himself sev]al times a day2 & always allott$ "o h\r ( ea* day1 x is said1 to sil5ce4 ,,ix4 ,& he left beh9d him a great numb] ( writ+s1 & books ( recomm5dation1 & v]ses1 :i* are ^!1--six books on ,natural ,philosophy2 six on ,wisdom2 "o on ,ri*es1 ! ,arcadian2 "o volume on ! ,indef9ite2 "o on a ,*ild2 "o on ,temp]ance2 "o on ! ,useful2 "o on ! ,free2 "o on ,dea?2 "o on ! ,volunt>y2 two on ,fri5d%ip2 "o on ,c\rtesy2 two on ,contr>ies2 two on ,happ9ess2 "o on ,writ+2 "o on ,memory2 "o on ,falsehood2 ! ,callicles "o2 two on ,prud5ce2 "o on conomy2 "o on ,temp]ance2 "o on ! ,p[] ( ,law2 "o on ,political ,con/itutions2 "o on ,piety2 "o to %[ t ,virtue may be transmitt$2 "o ab\t ! ,exi/5t2 "o on ,fate2 "o on ! ,passions2 "o on ,lives2 "o on ,unanimity2 two on ,pupils2 "o on ,ju/ice2 two on ,virtue2 "o on ,species2 two on ,pleasure2 "o on ,life2 "o on ,manly ,c\rage2 "o on ,! ,"o2 "o on ,ideas2 "o on ,art2 two on ! ,gods2 two on ! ,s\l2 "o on ,k2 "o on ! ,/atesman2 "o on ,sci5ce2 "o on ,philosophy2 "o on ! ,s*ool ( ,p>m5ides2 "o ! ,ar*$emus1 or an essay on ,ju/ice2 "o on ! ,good2 eight ( ^? ?+s :i* conc]n ! ,intellect2 t5 essays 9 solution ( ! difficulties :i* occur respect+ ,orations2 six books on ! /udy ( ,natural ,philosophy2 ! ,pr9cipal1 "o2 "o treatise on ,g5us & ,species2 "o on ! doctr9es ( ! ,py?agoreans2 two books ( ,solutions2 sev5 ( ,divisions2 sev]al volumes ( ,propositions2 sev]al also ab\t ! me?od ( conduct+ ,discussions4 ,besides all ?is1 !re are "o set ( fifte5 volumes1 & ano!r ( sixte51 on ! subject ( ^? /udies :i* relate to ,speak+2 n9e m :i* treat ( ,ratioc9ation2 six books on ,ma!matics2 two m books on subjects connect$ ) ! ,intellect2 five books on ,geometry2 "o book ( ,rem9isc5ces2 "o ( ,contr>ies2 "o on ,ari?metic2 "o on ! ,contemplation ( ,numb]s2 "o on ,int]vals2 six on ,a/ronomy2 f\r ( elem5t>y sugge/ions to ,alex&]1 on ! subject ( ,royal ,p[]2 "o address$ to ,arybas2 "o address$ to ,heph/ion2 two on ,geometry2 sev5 books ( ,v]ses4 ,x4 ,b ! ,a!nians1 ?\gh he 0 su* a great man1 once sold him1 because he 0 unable to pay ! tax to :i* ! metics 7 liable4 ,& ,demetrius ,phal]eus pur*as$ him1 & s assi/$ bo? p>ties1 ,x5ocrates by giv+ him 8 fre$om1 & ! ,a!nians 9 respect ( ! tax ^u metics4 ,?is circum/ance is m5tion$ by ,myronianus ( ,ama/ra1 9 ! fir/ book ( 8 *apt]s ( ,hi/orical ,co9cid5ces4 ,,xi4 ,he succe$$ ,speusippus1 & presid$ ov] ! s*ool = tw5ty-five ye>s1 beg9n+ at ! ar*on%ip ( ,lysima*ides1 9 ! second ye> ( ! hundr$ & t5? olympiad4 ,,xii4 ,& he di$ 9 consequ5ce ( /umbl+ by night aga9/ a di%1 be+ m ?an eighty-two ye>s ( age4 ,& 9 "o ( our epigrams we speak ?us ( him3-- ,he /ruck aga9/ a braz5 pot1 ,& cut 8 =ehead deep1 ,& cry+ cruel is my lot1 ,9 dea? he fell asleep4 ,s ?us ,x5ocrates did fall1 ,! univ]sal fri5d ( all4 ,,xiii4 ,& !re 7 five o!r p ( ! "n ( ,x5ocrates4 ,"o 0 an anci5t tactician1 a fell[ citiz51 & v ne> relation ( ! philosoph] ( :om we h be5 speak+2 & !re is extant an oration ( 8 :i* is scrib$1 ,on ,ars9oe1 & :i* 0 writt5 on ! dea? ( ,ars9oe4 ,a ?ird 0 a philosoph] :o wrote "s v indiff]5t elegiac poetry2 & t is n /range1 = :5 poets take to writ+ 9 prose1 !y succe$ pretty well2 b :5 prose writ]s try _! h& at poetry1 !y fail2 f :i* x is pla91 t ! "o is a gift ( nature1 & ! o!r a "w ( art4 ,! f\r? 0 a /atu>y2 ! fif? a writ] ( songs1 z we are told by ,ari/ox5us4 ,,life ,,( ,,polemo4 ,i4 ,polemo 0 ! son ( ,philo/ratus1 an ,a!nian1 ( ! burgh ( a4 ,& :5 he 0 "y1 he 0 s v intemp]ate & pr(ligate1 t he us$ always to c>ry money ab\t ) him1 to procure ! in/ant gratification ( 8 passions2 & he us$ also to hide money 9 ! n>r[ alleys1 = ?is purpose4 ,& once !re 0 f\nd 9 ! ,academy a piece ( ?ree obols1 hidd5 aga9/ "o ( ! columns1 :i* he _h put !re = "s purpose l t :i* ,i h indicat$2 & on "o occasion he arrang$ be=eh& ) "s "y m51 & ru%$1 adorn$ ) a g>l&1 & drunk1 into ! s*ool ( ,x5ocrates4 ,b he took no notice ( him1 & cont9u$ 8 disc\rse z he _h begun x1 & x 0 9 praise ( temp]ance2 & ! "y man1 he>+ x1 0 gradually *>m$1 & became s indu/ri\s1 t he surpass$ all ! re/ ( ! disciples1 & himself became ! successor ( ,x5ocrates1 9 8 s*ool beg9n+ 9 ! hundr$ & sixte5? olympiad4 ,,ii4 ,& ,antigonus1 ( ,c>y/us1 says 9 8 ,lives1 t 8 fa!r _h be5 ! *ief man ( ! city1 & _h kept *>iots = ! ,olympic games4 ,,iii4 ,he also ass]ts t ,polemo 0 prosecut$ by 8 wife1 on ! *>ge ( ill-treatm5t1 because he indulg$ 9 illicit pleasures1 & despis$ h]4 ,,iv4 ,b t :5 he began to devote himself to philosophy1 he adopt$ su* a rigor\s sy/em ( morals1 t he = ! future always cont9u$ ! same 9 appe>ance1 & nev] ev5 *ang$ 8 voice1 on :i* acc\nt ,crantor 0 *>m$ by him4 ,accord+ly1 on "o occasion1 :5 a dog 0 mad & _h bitt5 8 leg1 he 0 ! only p]son :o did n turn pale2 & once1 :5 !re 0 a great confusion 9 ! city1 he1 hav+ he>d ! cause1 rema9$ :]e he 0 )\t flee+4 ,9 ! !atres too he 0 q immoveable2 accord+ly1 :5 ,nico/ratus ! poet1 :o 0 surnam$ ,clytmne/ra1 0 once read+ some?+ to him & ,crates1 ! latt] 0 excit$ to sympa?y1 he behav$ z ?\gh he he>d no?+4 ,& altoge!r1 he 0 su* z ,melan?ius1 ! pa9t]1 describes 9 8 treatise on ,pa9t+2 = he says t "s k9d ( ob/9acy & h>%ness ought to exi/ 9 works ( art z 9 morals4 ,& ,polemo us$ to say t a man ought to ex]cise himself 9 action1 & n 9 dialectic speculations1 z if "o _h drunk 9 & dwelt ^u a h>moni\s k9d ( sy/em ( art1 s z to be admir$ = "o's %rewdness1 9 putt+ que/ions2 b to be inconsi/5t ) "o's self 9 "*4 ,he 01 !n1 a well-br$ & high-spirit$ man1 avoid+ :at ,ari/ophanes says ( ,euripides1 spee*es ( v9eg> & assaftida1 su* z he says himself3-- ,are base delights comp>$ ) bett] ?+s8 ,v4 ,& he did n use to lecture on ! propositions be=e him :ile sitt+ d[n2 b he w\ld walk ab\t1 x is said1 & s discuss !m4 ,& he 0 mu* hon\r$ 9 ! city because ( 8 noble s5tim5ts2 & aft] he _h be5 walk+ ab\t1 he w\ld re/ 9 8 g>d52 & 8 pupils erect$ little cab9s ne> x1 & dwelt ne> 8 s*ool & corridor4 ,,vi4 ,& z x seems1 ,polemo imitat$ ,x5ocrates 9 ev]y?+2 & ,ari/ippus1 9 ! f\r? book ( 8 treatise on ,anci5t ,luxury1 says t ,x5ocrates lov$ him2 at all ev5ts1 ,polemo us$ to be always speak+ ( him1 & prais+ 8 guileless nature1 & 8 rigor\s virtues1 & 8 *a/e sev]ity1 l t ( a ,doric build+4 ,,vii4 ,he 0 also v fond ( ,sophocles1 & especially ( ^? passages :]e1 accord+ to "o ( ! comic poets1 he seem$ to h _h a ,molossian h\nd = 8 colleague 9 compos+ 8 poems2 & :5 !re 01 to use ! expression ( ,phryni*us3-- ,no sweet or wa%y liquor1 b pure/ ,pramnian w9e4 ,& he us$ to say t ,hom] 0 an epic ,sophocles1 & ,sophocles a tragic ,hom]4 ,,viii4 ,& he di$ :5 he 0 v old1 ( decl9e1 hav+ left beh9d him a great numb] ( writ+s4 ,& !re is ?is epigram ( ours ^u him3-- ,d y n he>1 we've buri$ ,polemo1 ,:om sickness1 wor/ affliction ( mank9d ,attack$1 & bore (f to ! %ades bel[2 ,yet ,polemo lies n "h1 b ,polemo's body ,& t he did himself place "h on e>?1 ,prep>$ 9 s\l to m\nt up to ! skies4 ,,life ,,( ,,crates4 ,i4 ,crates 0 ! son ( ,antig5es1 & ( ! ,?riasian burgh1 & a pupil & atta*$ fri5d ( ,polemo4 ,he 0 also 8 successor z presid5t ( 8 s*ool4 ,,ii4 ,& !y b5efit$ "o ano!r s mu*1 t n only did !y delight :ile alive 9 ! same pursuits1 b almo/ to _! late/ brea? did !y resemble "o ano!r1 & ev5 aft] !y 7 bo? dead !y %>$ ! same tomb4 ,9 ref]5ce to :i* circum/ance ,antagoras has writt5 an epigram on ! pair1 9 :i* he expresses himself ?us3-- ,/rang]1 :o passe/ by1 relate t "h ,! ,god-l ,crates lies1 & ,polemo2 ,two m5 ( k9dr$ nobl5ess ( m9d2 ,out ( ^: holy m\?s pure wisdom fl[$1 ,& !y ) upright lives did well display1 ,! /r5g? ( all _! pr9ciples & tea*+4 ,& !y say too t x 0 9 ref]5ce to ?is t ,arcesilaus1 :5 he came ov] to !m f ,!ophra/us1 said t !y 7 "s gods1 or else a remnant ( ! gold5 race2 = !y 7 n v fond ( c\rt+ ! p1 b _h a disposition 9 accordance ) ! say+ ( ,dionysodorus ! flute play]1 :o is report$ to h said1 ) great exultation & pride1 t no "o _h ev] he>d 8 music 9 a trireme or at a f\nta9 z !y _h he>d ,ism5ius4 ,,iii4 ,antigonus relates t he us$ to be a messmate ( ,crantor1 & t ^! philosoph]s & ,arcesilaus liv$ toge!r2 & t ,arcesilaus liv$ 9 ,crantor's h\se1 b t ,polemo & ,crates liv$ 9 ! h\se ( "o ( ! citiz5s1 nam$ ,lysicles2 & he says t ,crates 01 z ,i h already m5tion$1 greatly atta*$ to ,polemo1 & s 0 ,arcesilaus to ,crantor4 ,,iv4 ,b :5 ,crates di$1 z ,apollodorus relates 9 ! ?ird book ( 8 ,*ronicles1 he left beh9d him compositions1 "s on philosophical subjects & "s on com$y1 & "s :i* 7 spee*es address$ to assemblies ( ! p1 or deliv]$ on ! occasion ( embassies4 ,v4 ,he also left beh9d him "s em95t disciples1 among :om 7 ,arcesilaus1 ab\t :om we %all speak pres5tly1 = he too 0 a pupil ( 81 & ,bion ( ! ,bory/h5es1 :o 0 aft]w>ds call$ a ,!odorean1 f ! sect :i* he esp\s$1 & we %all speak ( him imm$iately aft] ,arcesilaus4 ,,vi4 ,b !re 7 t5 p ( ! "n ( ,crates4 ,! fir/ 0 a poet ( ! old com$y2 ! second 0 an orator ( ,tralles1 a pupil ( ,isocrates2 ! ?ird 0 an eng9e] :o s]v$ "u ,alex&]2 ! f\r? a ,cynic1 :om we %all m5tion h]eaft]2 ! fif? a ,p]ipatetic philosoph]2 ! six? ! ,academic philosoph]1 ( :om we are speak+2 ! sev5? a gramm>ian ( ,malos2 ! eigh? a writ] 9 geometry2 ! n9? an epigrammatic poet2 ! t5? 0 an ,academic philosoph]1 a native ( ,t>sus4 ,,life ,,( ,,crantor4 ,i4 ,crantor1 a native ( ,soli1 be+ admir$ v greatly 9 8 own c\ntry1 came to ,a!ns & became a pupil ( ,x5ocrates at ! same "t ) ,polemo4 ,,ii4 ,& he left beh9d him memorials1 9 ! %ape ( writ+s1 to ! numb] ( #cj1jjj l9es1 "s ( :i*1 h[ev]1 are by "s writ]s attribut$ to ,arcesilaus4 ,,iii4 ,!y say ( him t :5 he 0 ask$ :at x 0 t he 0 s *>m$ ) 9 ,polemo1 he repli$1 8,t he _h nev] he>d him speak 9 too high or too l[ a key40 ,,iv4 ,:5 he 0 ill he retir$ to ! temple ( sculapius1 & !re walk$ ab\t1 & p came to him f all qu>t]s1 ?9k+ t he _h gone ?i!r1 n on acc\nt ( any disease1 b because he wi%$ to e/abli% a s*ool !re4 ,v4 ,& among ^? :o came to him 0 ,arcesilaus1 wi%+ to be recomm5d$ by him to ,polemo1 al?\gh he 0 mu* atta*$ to him1 z we %all m5tion 9 ! life ( ,arcesilaus4 ,b :5 he got well he became a pupil ( ,polemo1 & 0 excessively admir$ on t acc\nt4 ,x is said1 also1 t he left 8 prop]ty to ,arcesilaus1 to ! am\nt ( twelve tal5ts2 & t1 be+ ask$ by him :]e he w\ld l to be buri$1 he said3-- ,x is a happy fate to lie entomb$ ,9 ! recesses ( a well-lov'd l&4 ,,vi4 ,x is said also t he wrote poems1 & t he seal$ !m up 9 ! temple ( ,m9]va1 9 8 own c\ntry2 & ,!tetus ! poet wrote ?us ab\t him3-- ,crantor pleas$ m52 b great] pleasure /ill ,he to ! ,muses gave1 ere he ag$ grew4 ,e>?1 t5d]ly embrace ! holy man1 ,& let him lie 9 quiet undi/urb'd4 ,& ( all writ]s1 ,crantor admir$ ,hom] & ,euripides mo/2 say+ t ! h>de/ ?+ possible 0 to write tragically & 9 a mann] to excite sympa?y1 )\t dep>t+ f nature2 & he us$ to quote ?is l9e out ( ! ,bell]ophon3-- ,alas6 :y %\ld ,i say alas6 = we ,h only borne ! usual fate ( man4 ,! foll[+ v]ses ( ,antagoras ! poet are also attribut$ to ,crantor2 ! subject is love1 & !y run ?us3-- ,my m9d is mu* p]plex$2 = :at1 ,o ,love1 ,d>e ,i pron\nce y\r orig98 ,may ,i ,call y *iefe/ ( ! immortal ,gods1 ,( all ! *ildr5 :om d>k ,erebus ,& ,royal ,night bore on ! bill[y waves ,( wide/ ,ocean8 ,or %all ,i bid y hail1 ,z son ( pr\de/ ,v5us8 or ( ,e>?8 ,or ( ! untam$ w9ds8 s fi]ce y rove1 ,br++ mank9d sad c>es1 yet n unmix$ ,) happy good1 s two-fold is y\r nature4 ,& he 0 v +5i\s at devis+ new words & expressions2 accord+ly1 he said t "o trag$ian _h an unhewn 77 voice1 all ov] b>k2 & he said t ! v]ses ( a c]ta9 poet 7 full ( mo?s2 & t ! propositions ( ,!ophra/us _h be5 writt5 on an oy/] %ell4 ,b ! "w ( 8 :i* is mo/ admir$ is 8 book on ,m\rn+4 ,,vii4 ,& he di$ be=e ,polemo & ,crates1 hav+ be5 attack$ by ! dropsy2 & we h writt5 ?is epigram on him3-- ,! wor/ ( sicknesses has ov]:elm$ y1 ,o ,crantor1 & y ?us did quit ! e>?1 ,desc5d+ to ! d>k abyss ( ,hell4 ,n[ y are happy !re2 b all ! :ile ,! sad ,academy1 & y\r native l& ,( ,soli m\rn1 b]eav$ ( y\r eloqu5ce4 ,,life ,,( ,,arcesilaus4 ,i4 ,arcesilaus 0 ! son ( ,seu!s or ,scy!s1 z ,apollodorus /ates 9 ! ?ird book ( 8 ,*ronicles1 & a native ( ,pitane 9 olia4 ,,ii4 ,he 0 ! orig9al f\nd] ( ! ,middle ,academy1 & ! fir/ man :o pr(ess$ to susp5d ! decl>ation ( 8 judgm5t1 because ( ! contr>ieties ( ! reasons alleg$ on ei!r side4 ,he 0 likewise ! fir/ :o attempt$ to argue on bo? sides ( a "q1 & :o also made ! me?od ( discussion1 :i* _h be5 h&$ d[n by ,plato1 by means ( "q & answ]1 m cont5ti\s ?an be=e4 ,,iii4 ,he met ) ,crantor 9 ! foll[+ mann]4 ,he 0 "o ( f\r bro!rs1 two by ! same fa!r & two by ! same "m4 ,( ^? :o 7 by ! same "m ! elde/ 0 ,pylades1 & ( ^? by ! same fa!r ! elde/ 0 ,mreas1 :o 0 8 gu>dian2 & at fir/ he 0 a pupil ( ,autolycus ! ma!matician1 :o happ5$ to be a fell[ citiz5 ( 8 be=e he w5t to ,a!ns2 & ) ,autolycus he travell$ z f> z ,s>dis4 ,aft] t he became a pupil ( ,xan?us ! musician1 & aft] t att5d$ ! lectures ( ,!ophra/us1 & subsequ5tly came ov] to ! ,academy to ,crantor4 ,= ,mreas 8 bro!r1 :om ,i h m5tion$ be=e1 urg$ him to apply himself to rhetoric2 b he himself _h a pref]5ce = philosophy1 & :5 he became mu* atta*$ to him ,crantor ask$ him1 quot+ a l9e out ( ! ,&rom$a ( ,euripides3-- ,o virg91 if ,i save y1 w y ?ank me8 ,& he repli$ by quot+ ! next l9e to x3-- ,o take me to y1 /rang]1 z y\r slave1 ,or wife1 or :at y please4 ,& ev] aft] t !y became v intimate1 s t !y say ,!ophra/us 0 mu* annoy$1 & said1 8,t a mo/ +5i\s & well-dispos$ "y man _h des]t$ 8 s*ool40 ,,iv4 ,= he 0 n only v impressive 9 8 disc\rse1 & display$ a great deal ( le>n+ 9 x1 b he also tri$ 8 h& at poetry1 & !re is extant an epigram :i* is attribut$ to him1 address$ to ,attalus1 :i* is z foll[s3-- ,p]gamus is n fam$ = arms alone1 ,b (t5 he>s its praise res\nd ,= its f9e horses1 at ! holy ,pisa4 ,yet1 if a mortal may decl>e1 ,its fate z hidd5 9 ! brea/ ( ,jove1 ,x w be fam\s = its woes4 ,!re is ano!r address$ to ,m5odorus ! son ( ,eudamus1 :o 0 atta*$ to "o ( 8 fell[ pupils3-- ,phrygia is a di/ant l&1 & s ,is sacr$ ,?yatira1 & ,cadanade1 ,y\r c\ntry ,m5odorus4 ,b f all1 ,z ! unv>i$ song ( b>ds relates1 ,an equal road does lie to ,a*]on1 ,t d>k unm5tion$ riv]2 s y lie ,"h f> f home2 & "h ,eudamus raises ,?is tomb above y\r bones1 = he did love y1 ,?\gh y 7 poor1 ) an undy+ love4 ,b he admir$ ,hom] above all poets1 & always us$ to read a portion ( 8 works be=e go+ to sleep2 & 9 ! morn+ he w\ld say t he 0 go+ to ! object ( 8 love1 :5 he 0 go+ to read him4 ,he said1 too1 t ,p9d> 0 a wond]ful man = fill+ ! voice1 & p\r+ =? an abundant v>iety ( words & expressions4 ,he also1 :5 he 0 a "y man1 wrote a criticism on ,ion4 ,v4 ,& he 0 a pupil likewise ( ,hipponicus1 ! geometrican :om he us$ to ridicule on o!r po9ts z be+ lazy & gap+2 b he admitt$ t 9 8 own pr(ession he 0 cle> sight$ en\gh1 & said t geometry _h fl[n into 8 m\? :ile he 0 yawn+4 ,& :5 he w5t out ( 8 m9d1 he took him to 8 own h\se1 & took c>e ( him till he recov]$ 8 s5ses4 ,,vi4 ,& :5 ,crates di$1 he succe$$ him 9 ! presid5cy ( 8 s*ools1 a man ( ! "n ( ,socrates will+ly yield+ to him4 ,,vii4 ,& z he susp5d$ 8 judgm5t on e po9t1 he nev]1 z x is said1 wrote "o s+le book4 ,b o!rs say t he 0 once detect$ correct+ "s passages 9 a "w ( 82 & "s ass]t t he publi%$ x1 :ile o!rs d5y x1 & affirm t he ?rew x into ! fire4 ,,viii4 ,he seems to h be5 a great admir] ( ,plato1 & he possess$ all 8 writ+s4 ,he also1 accord+ to "s au?orities1 _h a v high op9ion ( ,pyrrho4 ,,ix4 ,he also /udi$ dialectics1 & ! discussions ( ! ,eretrian s*ool2 on :i* acc\nt ,ari/on said ( him3-- ,fir/ ,plato comes1 & ,pyrrho la/1 ,& 9 ! middle ,diodorus4 ,& ,timon speaks ?us ( him3-- ,= hav+ on ?is side ! heavy load ,( ,m5$emus plac'd b5ea? 8 brea/1 ,he'll to /\t ,pyrrho run1 or ,diodorus4 ,& pres5tly aft]w>ds he repres5ts him z say+3-- ,i'll swim to ,pyrrho1 or t crook$ sophi/ ,call$ ,diodorus4 ,x4 ,he 0 exce$+ly fond ( employ+ axioms1 v concise 9 8 diction1 & :5 speak+ he laid an emphasis on ea* sep>ate ^w4 ,,xi4 ,he 0 also v fond ( attack+ o!rs1 & v free spok51 on :i* acc\nt ,timon 9 ano!r passage speaks ( him ?us3-- ,y'll n escape all notice :ile y ?us ,attack ! "y man ) y\r bit+ s>casm4 ,once1 :5 a "y man 0 argu+ aga9/ him ) m boldness ?an usual1 he said1 8,w no "o /op 8 m\? ) ! kn\t80#cf ,& to a man :o lay "u ! g5]al imputation ( l[ debau*]y1 & :o argu$ ) him t "o ?+ 0 n great] ?an ano!r1 he ask$ him :e!r a cup hold+ two p9ts 0 n l>g] ?an "o :i* held only "o4 ,!re 0 a c]ta9 ,*ian nam$ ,hemon1 exce$+ly ugly1 b :o fanci$ himself good look+1 & always w5t ab\t 9 f9e clo!s2 ?is man ask$ him "o day1 8,if he ?\ght t a wise man c\ld feel atta*m5t to him20 8,:y %\ld he n10 said he1 8:5 !y love ev5 ^? :o are less h&some ?an y1 & n s well-dress$ ei!r80 & :5 ! man1 ?\gh "o ( ! vile/ *>act]s possible1 said to ,arcesilaus z if he 7 address+ a v rigid man3-- ,o1 noble man1 may ,i a "q put1 ,or mu/ ,i hold my tongue8 ,arcesilaus repli$3-- ,o wret*$ woman1 :y d y ?us r\gh5 ,y\r voice1 n speak+ 9 y\r usual mann]8 ,& once1 :5 he 0 plagu$ by a *att]+ fell[ ( l[ extraction1 he said3-- ,! sons ( slaves are always talk+ vilely4#cg ,ano!r "t1 :5 a talkative man 0 giv+ utt]ance to a great deal ( nons5se1 he said1 t 8,he _h n _h a nurse :o 0 sev]e en\gh40 ,& to "s p he nev] gave any answ] at all4 ,on "o occasion a usur]1 :o made pret5ce to "s le>n+1 said 9 8 he>+ t he did n "k some?+ or o!r1 on :i* he rejo9$3-- ,= (t5 times ! pass+ w9ds d fill ,! female bird1 except :5 big ) "y4#ch ,& ! l9es come out ( ! nomaus ( ,sophocles4 ,he once rem9d$ a c]ta9 dialectician1 a pupil ( ,alex9us1 :o 0 unable to expla9 correctly "s say+ ( 8 ma/]1 ( :at _h be5 done by ,philox5us to "s brick-mak]s4 ,= :5 !y 7 s++ "s ( 8 songs v badly he came ^u !m1 & trampl$ _! bricks "u foot1 say+1 8,z y spoil my works s w ,i spoil y\rs40 ,,xii4 ,& he us$ to be v indignant ) ^? :o neglect$ prop] opportunities ( apply+ !mselves to le>n+2 & he _h a peculi> habit1 :ile conv]s+1 ( us+ ! expression1 8,i ?9k10 & 8,s & s10 nam+ ! p]son1 8w n agree to ?is40 ,& ?is 0 imitat$ by sev]al ( 8 pupils1 :o copi$ also 8 /yle ( expression & ev]y?+ ab\t him4 ,he 0 a man v ready at inv5t+ new words1 & v quick at meet+ objections1 & at br++ r\nd ! conv]sation to ! subject be=e him1 & at adapt+ x to e occasion1 & he 0 ! mo/ conv9c+ speak] t c\ld be f\nd1 on :i* acc\nt numb]s ( p flock$ to 8 s*ool1 9 spite ( be+ some:at al>m$ at 8 sev]ity1 :i* h[ev] !y bore ) complac5cy1 = he 0 a v k9d man1 & "o :o inspir$ 8 he>]s ) abundant hope1 & 9 8 mann] ( life he 0 v affable & lib]al1 always ready to d any "o a s]vice )\t any p>ade1 & %r9k+ f any expression ( gratitude on ! "p ( ^? :om he _h oblig$4 ,accord+ly once1 :5 he _h gone to visit ,ctesibius :o 0 ill1 see+ him 9 great di/ress f want1 he secretly slipp$ 8 purse "u 8 pill[2 & :5 ,ctesibius f\nd x1 8,?is10 said he1 8is ! amusem5t ( ,arcesilaus40 ,& at ano!r "t he s5t him a ?\s& dra*mas4 ,he x 0 also :o introduc$ ,ar*ias ! ,arcadian to ,eum5es1 & :o procur$ him _m fav\rs f him4 ,,xiii4 ,& be+ a v lib]al man & utt]ly reg>dless ( money1 he made ! mo/ spl5did display ( silv] plate1 & 9 8 exhibition ( gold plate he vi$ ) t ( ,ar*ecrates & ,callicrates2 & he 0 con/antly assi/+ & contribut+ to ! wants ( o!rs ) money2 & once1 :5 "s "o _h borr[$ f him "s articles ( silv] plate to help him ent]ta9 8 fri5ds1 & did n (f] to return !m1 he nev] ask$ = !m back or reclaim$ !m2 b "s say t he l5t !m ) ! purpose t !y %\ld be kept1 & t :5 ! man return$ !m1 he made him a pres5t ( !m z he 0 a poor man4 ,he _h also prop]ty 9 ,pitana1 ! rev5ues f :i* 7 transmitt$ to him by 8 bro!r ,pylades4 ,,xiv4 ,moreov]1 ,eum5es1 ! son ( ,philetrus1 suppli$ him ) _m ?+s1 on :i* acc\nt he 0 ! only k+ to :om he address$ any ( 8 disc\rses4 ,& :5 _m philosoph]s paid c\rt to ,antigonus & w5t out to meet him :5 he arriv$1 he himself kept quiet1 n wi%+ to make 8 acqua9tance4 ,b he 0 a great fri5d ( ,hi]ocles1 ! gov]nor ( ! h>b\rs ( ,muny*ia & ! ,piru2 & at fe/ivals he always paid him a visit4 ,& :5 he con/antly endeav\r$ to p]suade him to pay 8 respects to ,antigonus1 he w\ld n2 b ?\gh he accompani$ him z f> z 8 gates1 he turn$ back himself4 ,& aft] ! sea-fight ( ,antigonus1 :5 _m p w5t to him & wrote him lett]s to com=t him = 8 defeat1 he nei!r w5t nor wrote2 b /ill 9 ! s]vice ( 8 c\ntry1 he w5t to ,demetrias z ambassador to ,antigonus1 & succe$$ 9 ! object ( 8 mission4 ,,xv4 ,& he sp5t all 8 "t 9 ! ,academy1 & avoid$ m$dl+ ) public affairs1 b at times he w\ld sp5d "s days 9 ! ,piru ( ,a!ns1 disc\rs+ on philosophical subjects1 f 8 fri5d%ip = ,hi]ocles1 :i* conduct ( 8 gave rise to unfav\rable reports be+ rais$ aga9/ him by "s p4 ,,xvi4 ,be+ a man ( v exp5sive habits1 = he 0 9 ?is respect a sort ( second ,ari/ippus1 he (t5 w5t to d9e ) 8 fri5ds4 ,he also liv$ op5ly ) ,!odote & ,philte1 two c\rtesans ( ,elis2 & to ^? :o reproa*$ him = ?is conduct1 he us$ to quote ! op9ions ( ,ari/ippus4 ,he 0 also v fond ( ! society ( "y m51 & ( a v affectionate disposition1 on :i* acc\nt ,ari/o1 ! ,*ian1 a ,/oic philosoph]1 us$ to accuse him ( be+ a corrupt] ( ! y\? ( ! city1 & a pr(ligate man4 ,he is said also to h be5 greatly atta*$ to ,demetrius1 :o sail$ to ,cyr5e1 & to ,cleo*>es ( ,myrlea1 ( :om he said to 8 messmates1 t he wi%$ to op5 ! door to him1 b t he prev5t$ him4 ,,xvii4 ,demo*>es ! son ( ,la*es1 & ,py?ocles ! son ( ,bugelus1 7 also among 8 fri5ds1 & he said t he hum\r$ !m 9 all _! wi%es because ( 8 great pati5ce4 ,&1 on ?is acc\nt1 ^? p to :om ,i h be=e allud$1 us$ to attack him & ridicule him z a popul>ity hunt] & va9-glori\s man4 ,& !y set ^u him v viol5tly at an ent]ta9m5t giv5 by ,hi]onymus1 ! ,p]ipatetic1 :5 he invit$ 8 fri5ds on ! bir?day ( ,alcyoneus1 ! son ( ,antigonus1 on :i* occasion ,antigonus s5t him a l>ge sum ( money to promote ! conviviality4 ,on ?is occasion1 z he avoid$ all discussion dur+ ! cont9uance ( ! banquet1 :5 ,aridelus propos$ to him a "q :i* requir$ "s delib]ation1 & entreat$ him to disc\rse ^u x1 x is said t he repli$1 8,b ?is is m especially ! bus9ess ( philosophy1 to "k ! prop] "t = ev]y?+40 ,) ref]5ce to ! *>ge t 0 br\ght aga9/ him ( be+ a popul>ity hunt]1 ,timon speaks1 among o!r matt]s1 m5tion+ x 9 ! foll[+ mann]3-- ,he spoke & glid$ quick among ! cr[d1 ,!y gaz$ on him z f9*es :o behold ,an owl among !m4 ,y !n please ! p6 ,alas1 poor fool1 'tis no great matt] t2 ,:y give y\rself su* airs = su* a trifle8 ,,xviii4 ,h[ev]1 9 all o!r respects he 0 s free f vanity1 t he us$ to advise 8 pupils to become ! disciples ( o!r m52 & once1 :5 a "y man f ,*ios 0 n satisfi$ ) 8 s*ool1 b pref]r$ t ( ,hi]onymus1 :om ,i h m5tion$ be=e1 he himself took him & introduc$ him to t philosoph]1 recomm5d+ him to pres]ve 8 regul>ity ( conduct4 ,& !re is a v witty say+ ( 8 record$4 ,= :5 "s "o ask$ him once1 :y p left o!r s*ools to g to ! ,epicureans1 b no "o left ! ,epicureans to jo9 o!r sects1 he repli$1 8,p sometimes make eunu*s ( m51 b no "o c ev] make a man out ( an eunu*40 ,,xix4 ,at la/1 :5 he 0 ne> 8 end1 he left all 8 prop]ty to 8 bro!r ,pylades1 because he1 )\t ! k ( ,mreas1 _h tak5 him to ,*ios & _h br\ght him f !nce to ,a!ns4 ,he nev] m>ri$ a wife1 & nev] _h any *ildr54 ,he made ?ree copies ( 8 w1 & deposit$ "o 9 ,eretria ) ,amphicritus1 & "o at ,a!ns ) "s ( 8 fri5ds1 & ! ?ird he s5t to 8 own home to ,?aumasias1 "o ( 8 relations1 entreat+ him to keep x4 ,& he also wrote him ! foll[+ lett]3-- ,,arcesilaus ,,to ,,?aumasias4 8,i h giv5 ,diog5es a copy ( my w to convey to y4 ,=1 because ,i am frequ5tly unwell & h got v infirm1 ,i h ?\ght x "r to make a w1 t1 if any?+ %\ld happ5 to me ,i might n dep>t ) ! feel+s ( hav+ done y any injury1 :o h be5 s con/antly affectionate to me4 ,& z y h be5 at all times ! mo/ fai?ful to me ( all my fri5ds1 ,i entreat y to pres]ve ?is = me out ( reg>d = my old age & y\r reg>d = me4 ,take c>e !n to behave ju/ly t[>ds me1 rememb]+ h[ mu* ,i entru/ to y\r integrity1 s t ,i may appe> to h manag$ my affairs well1 z f> z dep5ds on y2 & !re is ano!r copy ( ?is w at ,a!ns1 9 ! c>e ( "s ( my fri5ds1 & ano!r at ,eretria1 9 ! h&s ( ,amphicritus40 ,,xx4 ,he di$1 z ,h]mippus relates1 aft] hav+ drunk an excessive quantity ( w9e1 & !n became deliri\s1 :5 he 0 sev5ty-five ye>s old2 & he 0 m belov$ by ! ,a!nians ?an any "o else _h ev] be54 ,& we h writt5 ! foll[+ epigram on him3-- ,o wise ,arcesilaus1 :y did/ ?\ dr9k ,s va/ a quantity ( unmix$ w9e1 ,z to lose all y\r s5ses1 & !n die8 ,i pity y n s mu* = y\r dea?1 ,z = ! insult t y ?us did (f] ,! ,muses1 by y\r sad excess 9 w9e4 ,,xxi4 ,!re 7 also ?ree o!r p]sons ( ! "n ( ,arcesilaus2 "o a poet ( ! old ,com$y2 ano!r an elegiac poet2 ! ?ird a sculptor1 on :om ,simonides wrote ! foll[+ epigram3-- ,?is is a /atue ( *a/e ,dian's self ,! price two hundr$ ,p>ian dra*mas f9e1 ,/amp'd ) ! image ( ! wanton goat4 ,x is ! "w ( wise ,arcesilaus1 ,! son ( ,ari/odicus3 a man1 ,^: h&s ,m9]va guid$ 9 8 art4 ,! philosoph] ( :om we h be5 speak+ fl\ri%$1 z ,apollodorus tells u 9 8 ,*ronicles1 ab\t ! hundr$ & tw5tie? olympiad4 ,,life ,,( ,,bion4 ,i4 ,bion 0 a native ( ! c\ntry ar\nd ! ,bory/h5es2 b z to :o 8 p>5ts 71 & to :at circum/ances x 0 ow+ t he appli$ himself to ! /udy ( philosophy1 we "k no m ?an :at he himself told ,antigonus4 ,= :5 ,antigonus ask$ him3-- ,:at art ?\1 say6 f :5ce1 f :om y came1 ,:o are y\r p>5ts8 tell ?y race1 ?y "n2#ci ,he1 kn[+ t he _h be5 misrepres5t$ to ! k+1 said to him1 8,my fa!r 0 a fre$man1 :o us$ to wipe 8 m\? ) 8 sleeve10 7by :i* he meant t he us$ to sell salt fi%74 8,z to 8 race1 he 0 a native ( ! di/rict ( ! ,bory/h5es2 hav+ no c\nt5ance1 b only a br& 9 8 face1 a tok5 ( ! bitt] cruelty ( 8 ma/]4 ,my "m 0 su* a woman z a man ( t condition might m>ry1 tak5 out ( a bro!l4 ,!n1 my fa!r be+ 9 arre>s to ! tax-ga!r]s1 0 sold ) all 8 family1 & ) me among !m2 & z ,i 0 "y & good look+1 a c]ta9 orator pur*as$ me1 & :5 he di$ he left me ev]y?+4 ,& ,i1 hav+ burnt all 8 books1 & torn up all 8 pap]s1 came to ,a!ns & appli$ myself to ! /udy ( ,philosophy3-- ,su* 0 my fa!r1 & f him ,i came1 ,! hon\r$ au?or ( my bir? & "n4#dj ,?is is all t ,i c tell y ( myself3 s t ,p]su & ,philonides may give up tell+ ^! /ories ab\t me3 & y may judge ( me on my own m]its40 ,,ii4 ,& ,bion 0 truly a man ( great v]satility1 & a v subtle philosoph]1 & a man :o gave all :o *ose great opportunities ( practis+ philosophy4 ,9 "s respects he 0 ( a g5tle disposition1 & v mu* incl9$ to indulge 9 vanity4 ,,iii4 ,& he left beh9d him _m memorials ( himself 9 ! way ( writ+s1 & also _m apoph!gms full ( useful s5tim5ts4 ,z = in/ance1 once :5 he 0 reprov$ = hav+ fail$ to *>m a "y man1 he repli$1 8,y _c possibly draw up *eese ) a hook be=e x has got h>d40 ,on ano!r occasion he 0 ask$ :o 0 ! mo/ mis]able ( m51 & repli$1 8,he :o has set 8 he>t on ! greate/ prosp]ity40 ,:5 he 0 ask$ :e!r x 0 advisable to m>ry 7= ?is answ] also is attribut$ to him71 he repli$1 8,if y m>ry an ugly woman y w h a puni%m5t 771 & if a h&some woman y w h "o :o is common0 774 ,he call$ old age a port to %elt] "o f mis=tune2 & accord+ly1 he said t e "o fl$ to x4 ,he said t glory 0 ! "m ( ye>s2 t beauty 0 a good :i* conc]n$ o!rs r ?an "o's self2 t ri*es 7 ! s9ews ( bus9ess4 ,to a man :o _h squ&]$ 8 e/ate he said1 8,! e>? swall[$ up ,amphi>aus1 b y h swall[$ up ! e>?40 ,ano!r say+ ( 8 0 t x 0 a great evil n to be able to be> evil4 ,& he condemn$ ^? :o burnt ! dead z ?\gh !y felt no?+1 & !n mock$ !m z ?\gh !y did feel4 ,& he 0 always say+ t x 0 bett] to put "o's own beauty at ! disposal ( ano!r1 ?an to covet ! beauty ( o!rs2 = t "o :o did s 0 injur+ bo? 8 body & 8 s\l4 ,& he us$ to blame ,socrates say+1 t if he d]iv$ no advantage f ,alcibiades he 0 fooli%1 & if he nev] d]iv$ any advantage f him he !n des]v$ no cr$it4 ,he us$ to say t ! way to ! %ades bel[ 0 easy2 & accord+ly1 t p w5t !re ) _! eyes %ut4 ,he us$ to blame ,alcibiades1 say+ t :ile he 0 a boy he s$uc$ husb&s f _! wives1 & :5 he _h become a "y man he s$uc$ ! wives f _! husb&s4 ,:ile mo/ ( ! ,a!nians at ,rhodes practis$ rhetoric1 he himself us$ to give lectures on philosophical subjects2 & to "o :o blam$ him = ?is he said1 8,i h b\ght :eat1 & ,i sell b>ley40 ,x 0 a say+ ( 8 t ! inhabitants ( ! %ades bel[ w\ld be m puni%$ if !y c>ri$ wat] 9 buckets t 7 :ole1 ?an 9 su* z 7 bor$4 ,to a *att]+ fell[ :o 0 solicit+ him = aid1 he said1 8,i w d :at is suffici5t = y1 if y w s5d deputies to me1 & =be> to come y\rself40 ,once :5 he 0 at sea 9 ! company ( "s wick$ m51 he fell into ! h&s ( pirates2 & :5 ! re/ said1 8,we are undone1 if we are kn[n40 8,b ,i10 said he1 8am undone if we are n kn[n40 ,he us$ to say t self-conceit 0 ! enemy ( progress4 ,( a ri* man :o 0 mean & nigg>dly1 he said1 8,t man does n possess 8 e/ate1 b 8 e/ate possesses him40 ,he us$ to say t /+y m5 took c>e ( _! prop]ty z if x 0 _! own1 b d]iv$ no advantage f x z if x belong$ to o!r p4 ,ano!r ( 8 say+s 01 t "y m5 ought to display c\rage1 b t old m5 ought to be di/+ui%$ = prud5ce4 ,& t prud5ce 0 z mu* sup]ior to ! o!r virtues z sight 0 to ! o!r s5ses4 ,& t x 0 n "r to speak ( old age1 at :i* e "o is desir\s to arrive4 ,to an envi\s man :o 0 look+ gloomy1 he said1 8,i "k n :e!r x is because "s mis=tune has happ5$ to y1 or "s good =tune to someone else40 ,"o ?+ t he us$ to say 01 t a mean extraction 0 a bad companion to fre$om ( spee*4 ,=3-- ,x does enslave a man1 h[ev] bold ,8 spee* may be4#da ,& ano!r 0 t we ought to keep our fri5ds1 :atev] sort ( p !y may be1 s t we may n seem to h be5 intimate ) wick$ m51 or to h ab&on$ good m54 ,,iv4 ,v e>ly 9 8 c>e] he ab&on$ ! s*ool ( ! ,academy1 & at ! same "t became a disciple ( ,crates4 ,!n he pass$ ov] to ! sect ( ! ,cynics1 tak+ _! co>se cloak & wallet4 ,= :at else c\ld ev] h *ang$ 8 nature into "o ( su* apa?y8 ,aft] t he adopt$ ! ,!odorean pr9ciples1 hav+ become a disciple ( ,!odorus ! ,a!i/1 :o 0 us$ to employ e k9d ( reason+ 9 support ( 8 sy/em ( philosophy4 ,aft] leav+ him1 he became a pupil ( ,!ophra/us1 ! ,p]ipatetic4 ,v4 ,he 0 v fond ( !atrical ent]ta9m5ts1 & v skilful 9 di/ract+ 8 he>]s by excit+ a laugh1 giv+ ?+s disp>ag+ names4 ,& because he us$ to avail himself ( e species ( reason+1 !y relate t ,erato/h5es said t ,bion 0 ! fir/ p]son :o _h clo!d philosophy 9 a fl[]y robe4 ,,vi4 ,he 0 also v +5i\s 9 p>ody+ passages1 & adapt+ !m to circum/ances z !y arose4 ,z = in/ance1 ,i may cite ! foll[+3-- ,t5d] ,ar*ytas1 born ( tuneful lyre1 ,:om ?\ghts ( happy vanity inspire2 ,mo/ skill$ ( mortals 9 appeas+ ire4#db ,& he je/$ on e "p ( music & geometry4 ,,vii4 ,he 0 a man ( v exp5sive habits1 & on ?is acc\nt he us$ to g f city to city1 & at times he w\ld contrive ! mo/ amaz+ devices4 ,,viii4 ,accord+ly1 9 ,rhodes1 he p]suad$ ! sailors to put on ! habilim5ts ( philosophical /ud5ts & foll[ him ab\t2 & !n he made himself conspicu\s by ent]+ ! gymnasium ) ?is tra9 ( foll[]s4 ,,ix4 ,he 0 accu/om$ also to adopt "y m5 z 8 sons1 9 ord] to d]ive assi/ance f !m 9 8 pleasures1 & to be protect$ by _! affection = him4 ,b he 0 a v selfi% man1 & v fond ( quot+ ! say+1 8,! prop]ty ( fri5ds is common20 ow+ to :i* x is t no "o is spok5 ( z a disciple ( 81 ?\gh s _m m5 att5d$ 8 s*ool4 ,& he made "s v %ameless2 accord+ly1 ,betion1 "o ( 8 intimate acqua9tances1 is report$ to h said once to ,m5$emus1 8,s ,m5$emus con/antly sp5ds ! ev5+ ) ,bion1 & ,i see no h>m 9 x40 ,he us$ also to talk ) great impiety to ^? :o conv]s$ ) him1 hav+ d]iv$ 8 op9ions on ?is subject f ,!odorus4 ,x4 ,& :5 at a lat] p]iod he became afflict$ ) disease1 z ! p ( ,*alcis said1 = he di$ !re1 he 0 p]suad$ to we> amulets & *>ms1 & to %[ 8 rep5tance = ! insults t he _h (f]$ to ! ,gods4 ,b he suff]$ fe>fully = want ( prop] p to att5d him1 until ,antigonus s5t him two s]vants4 ,& he foll[$ him 9 a litt]1 z ,phavor9us relates 9 8 ,univ]sal ,hi/ory4 ,& ! circum/ances ( 8 dea? we h ourselves spok5 ( 9 ! foll[+ l9es3-- ,we he> t ,bion ! ,bory/h5ite1 ,:om ! f]oci\s ,scy?ian l& br\ght =?1 ,us$ to d5y t !re 7 ,gods at all4 ,n[1 if he'd p]sev]$ 9 ?is op9ion1 ,"o w\ld h said he speaks j z he ?9ks2 ,?\gh c]ta9ly 8 ?\ghts are q mi/ak54 ,b :5 a l5g!n$ sickness ov]took him1 ,& he began to fe> le/ he %\ld die2 ,?is man :o h]et(ore d5i$ ! ,gods1 ,& w\ld n ev5 look ^u a temple1 ,& mock$ all ^? :o e'er approa*$ ! ,gods ,) pray] or sacrifice2 :o ne'er1 n ev5 ,= 8 own he>?1 & home1 & h\sehold table1 ,regal$ ! ,gods ) sav\ry fat & inc5se1 ,:o nev] once said1 8,i h s9n$1 b sp>e me40 ,!n did ?is a!i/ %r9k1 & give 8 neck ,to an old woman to hang *>ms ^u1 ,& b\nd 8 arms ) magic amulets1 ,) laurel bran*es block$ 8 doors & w9d[s1 ,ready to d & v5ture any?+ ,r ?an die4 ,fool t he 01 :o ?\ght ,to w9 ! ,gods to come into exi/5ce1 ,:5ev] he might ?9k he want$ !m4 ,s wise too late1 :5 n[ m]e du/ & a%es1 ,he put 8 h& =?1 ,hail1 great ,pluto1 ,hail6 ,,xi4 ,!re 7 t5 p ( ! "n ( ,bion4 ,fir/ ( all1 ! "o :o fl\ri%$ at ! same "t ) ,ph]ecydes ( ,syros1 & :o has left two books beh9d him1 :i* are /ill extant2 he 0 a native ( ,proconnesus4 ,! second 0 a ,syracusan1 ! au?or ( a sy/em ( rhetoric4 ,! ?ird 0 ! man ( :om we h be5 speak+4 ,! f\r? 0 a pupil ( ,democritus1 & a ma!matician1 a native ( ,abd]a1 :o wrote 9 bo? ! ,attic & ,ionic dialect4 ,he 0 ! p]son :o fir/ ass]t$ t !re 7 c\ntries :]e !re 0 night = six mon?s1 & day = six mon?s4 ,! fif? 0 a native ( ,soli2 :o wrote a hi/ory ( ?iopia4 ,! six? 0 a rhetorician1 :o has left beh9d him n9e books1 inscrib$ ) ! names ( ! ,muses1 :i* are /ill extant4 ,! eigh? 0 a ,milesian /atu>y1 :o is m5tion$ by ,polemo4 ,! n9? 0 a tragic poet ( ! numb] ( ^? :o are call$ ,t>sicans4 ,! t5? 0 a /atu>y1 a native ( ,clazom5 or ,*ios1 :o is m5tion$ by ,hipponax4 ,,life ,,( ,,lacydes4 ,i4 ,lacydes1 ! son ( ,alex&]1 0 a native ( ,cyr5e4 ,he x is :o 0 ! f\nd] ( ! ,new ,academy1 hav+ succe$$ ,arcesilaus2 & he 0 a man ( great gravity ( "* & demean\r1 & "o :o _h _m imitators4 ,,ii4 ,he 0 indu/ri\s f 8 v *ildhood1 & poor1 b v pleas+ & sociable 9 8 mann]s4 ,,iii4 ,!y say t he _h a pleasant way ( manag+ 8 h\se-keep+ affairs4 ,= :5 he _h tak5 any?+ out ( 8 /ore-*e/1 he w\ld seal x up aga91 & ?r[ 9 8 seal ?r\gh ! hole1 s t x %\ld be impossible = any?+ ( :at he _h laid up !re to be /ol5 f him1 or c>ri$ (f4 ,b 8 s]vants le>n+ ?is contrivance ( 81 broke ! seal1 & c>ri$ (f z mu* z !y pleas$1 & !n !y put ! r+ back ?r\gh ! hole 9 ! same mann] z be=e2 & ?\gh !y did ?is repeat$ly1 !y 7 nev] detect$4 ,,iv4 ,lacydes n[ us$ to hold 8 s*ool 9 ! ,academy 9 ! g>d5 :i* _h be5 laid out by ,attalus ! k+1 & x 0 call$ ! ,lacydeum1 aft] him4 ,& he 0 ! only man1 :o1 :ile alive1 resign$ 8 s*ool to a successor2 b he resign$ ?is to ,telicles & ,ev&]1 ( ,phocis2 & ,heges9us1 ( ,p]gamus1 succe$$ ,ev&]2 & he himself 0 9 8 turn succe$$ by ,c>neades4 ,v4 ,!re is a witty say+1 :i* is attribut$ to ,lacydes4 ,= !y say t :5 ,attalus s5t = him1 he answ]$ t /atues ought to be se5 at a di/ance4 ,on ano!r occasion1 z x is report$1 he 0 /udy+ geometry v late 9 life1 & "s said to him1 8,is x !n a "t = y to be le>n+ n[80 8,if x is n10 he repli$1 8:5 w x be80 ,,vi4 ,& he di$ 9 ! f\r? ye> ( ! hundr$ & ?irty-f\r? ,olympiad1 :5 he _h presid$ ov] 8 s*ool tw5ty-six ye>s4 ,& 8 dea? 0 caus$ by p>alysis1 :i* 0 br\ght on by dr9k+4 ,& we ourselves h je/$ ^u him 9 ! foll[+ language4 ',tis an odd /ory t ,i he>d ( y-- ,lacydes1 t y w5t ) ha/y /eps1 ,spurr$ on by ,bac*us1 to ! %ades bel[4 ,h[ !n1 if ?is be true1 c x be said1 ,t ,bac*us e'er trips up 8 vot>ies' feet ',tis a mi/ake 8 be+ nam$ ,lyu4#dc ,,life ,,( ,,c>neades4 ,i4 ,c>neades 0 ! son ( ,epicomus1 or ,philocomus1 z ,alex&] /ates 9 8 ,successions2 & a native ( ,cyr5e4 ,,ii4 ,he read all ! books ( ! ,/oics ) great c>e1 & especially ^? ( ,*rysippus2 & !n he wrote replies to !m1 b did x at ! same "t ) su* mode/y t he us$ to say1 8,if ,*rysippus _h n liv$1 ,i %\ld nev] h exi/$40 ,,iii4 ,he 0 a man ( z great indu/ry z ev] exi/$2 n1 h[ev]1 v mu* devot$ to ! inve/igation ( subjects ( natural philosophy1 b m fond ( ! discussion ( e?ical topics1 on :i* acc\nt he us$ to let 8 hair & 8 nails gr[1 f 8 entire devotion ( all 8 "t to philosophical discussion4 ,& he 0 s em95t z a philosoph]1 t ! orators w\ld quit _! own s*ools & come & li/5 to 8 lectures4 ,,iv4 ,he 0 also a man ( a v p[]ful voice1 s t ! presid5t ( ! ,gymnasium s5t to him once1 to desire he w\ld n %\t s l\dly4 ,& he repli$1 8,give me !n1 measure = my voice40 ,& ! gymnasi>* aga9 rejo9$ ) great wit1 = he said1 8,y h a measure 9 y\r pupils40 ,v4 ,he 0 a v vehem5t speak]1 & "o difficult to cont5d ) 9 ! inve/igation ( a po9t4 ,& he us$ to decl9e all invitations to ent]ta9m5ts1 = ! reasons ,i h already m5tion$4 ,,vi4 ,on "o occasion1 :5 ,m5tor1 ! ,bi?ynian1 "o ( 8 pupils1 came to him to att5d 8 s*ool1 obs]v+ t he 0 try+ to s$uce 8 mi/ress 7z ,phavor9us relates 9 8 ,univ]sal ,hi/ory71 :ile he 0 9 ! middle ( 8 lecture1 he made ! foll[+ p>ody 9 allusion to him3-- ,a weak old man comes hi!r1 l 9 voice1 ,& gait1 & figure1 to ! prud5t ,m5tor ,i ord] him to be expell$ ?is s*ool4 ,& ,m5tor ris+ up1 repli$3-- ,?us did !y speak1 & /raight ! o!rs rose4 ,,vii4 ,he appe>s to h be5 beset ) fe>s ( dea?2 z he 0 cont9ually say+1 8,nature1 :o has put ?is frame toge!r1 w also dissolve x40 ,& le>n+ t ,antipat] _h di$ aft] hav+ tak5 poison1 he felt a desire to imitate ! boldness ( 8 dep>ture1 & said1 8,give me "s too40 ,& :5 !y ask$ 8,:at80 8,"s mead10 said he4 ,& x is said t an eclipse ( ! moon happ5$ :5 he di$1 ! mo/ beautiful ( all ! />s1 next to ! sun1 indicat+ 7z any "o might say7 its sympa?y ) ! philosoph]4 ,& ,apollodorus1 9 8 ,*ronicles1 says t he di$ 9 ! f\r? ye> ( ! hundr$ & sixty-second olympiad1 be+ eighty-five ye>s old4 ,,viii4 ,!re are "s lett]s extant address$ by him to ,ari>a!s1 ! k+ ( ! ,cappadocians4 ,all ! o!r writ+s :i* are attribut$ to him 7 writt5 by 8 disciples1 = he himself left no?+ beh9d him4 ,& ,i h writt5 on him ! foll[+ l9es 9 logadical ,ar*ebulian metre4 ,:y n[1 ,o ,muse1 d y wi% me ,c>neades to confute8 ,he 0 an ignoramus1 z he did n und]/& ,:y he %\ld /& 9 fe> ( dea?3 s once1 :5 he'd a c\gh1 ,! wor/ ( all diseases t affect ! human frame1 ,he c>$ n = a rem$y2 b :5 ! news did rea* him1 ,t brave ,antipat] _h ta'en "s poison1 & s di$1 8,give me1 said he1 "s /uff to dr9k40 8,"s :at80--8,"s lusci\s mead40 ,moreov]1 he'd ?is say+ at all times ^u 8 lips3 8,nature did make me1 & %e does toge!r keep me /ill2 ,b soon ! "t w come :5 %e w pull me all to pieces40 ,b /ill at la/ he yield$ up ! gho/3 ?\gh long ago ,he might h di$1 & s escap$ ! evils t befell him4 ,,ix4 ,x is said t at night he 0 n aw>e :5 lights 7 br\ght 92 & t once he ord]$ 8 s]vant to light ! c&les1 & :5 he _h br\ght !m 9 & told him1 8,i h br\ght !m20 8,well !n10 said he1 8read by ! light ( !m40 ,x4 ,he _h a great _m o!r disciples2 b ! mo/ em95t ( !m 0 ,clitoma*us1 :om we mu/ m5tion pres5tly4 ,,xi4 ,!re 0 also ano!r man ( ! "n ( ,c>neades1 a v indiff]5t elegiac poet4 ,,life ,,( ,,clitoma*us4 ,i4 ,clitoma*us 0 a ,c>?ag9ian4 ,he 0 call$ ,asdrubal1 & us$ to lecture on philosophy 9 8 own c\ntry 9 8 native language4 ,,ii4 ,b :5 he came to ,a!ns1 at ! age ( =ty ye>s1 he became a pupil ( ,c>neades2 &1 z he 0 pleas$ ) 8 indu/ry1 he caus$ him to be in/ruct$ 9 lit]ature1 & himself educat$ ! man c>efully4 ,& he c>ri$ 8 dilig5ce to su* a degree1 t he compos$ m ?an f\r hundr$ books4 ,,iii4 ,& he succe$$ ,c>neades 9 8 s*ools2 & he illu/rat$ 8 pr9ciples a great deal by 8 writ+s2 z he himself _h /udi$ ! doctr9es ( _! sects1 ! ,academic1 ! ,p]ipatetic1 & ! ,/oic4 ,timon attacks ! :ole s*ool ( ,academics1 z a body1 9 ^! l9es3-- ,nor ! unpr(itable *att]+ ,( all ! ,academics4 ,b n[ t we h gone ?r\gh ! philosoph]s ( ,plato's s*ool1 let u g to ! ,p]ipatetics1 :o also d]iv$ _! doctr9es f ,plato2 & ! f\nd] ( _! sect 0 ,ari/otle4 ,,book ,v4 ,,life ,,( ,,ari/otle4 ,i4 ,ari/otle 0 ! son ( ,nicoma*us & ,ph/ias1 a citiz5 ( ,/agira2 & ,nicoma*us 0 desc5d$ f ,nicoma*us1 ! son ( ,ma*aon1 ! son ( sculapius1 z ,h]mippus tells u 9 8 treatise on ,ari/otle2 & he liv$ ) ,amyntas1 ! k+ ( ! ,mac$onians1 z bo? a physician & a fri5d4 ,,ii4 ,he 0 ! mo/ em95t ( all ! pupils ( ,plato2 he _h a lisp+ voice1 z is ass]t$ by ,timo!us ! ,a!nian1 9 8 "w on ,lives4 ,he _h also v ?9 legs1 !y say1 & small eyes2 b he us$ to indulge 9 v conspicu\s dress1 & r+s1 & us$ to dress 8 hair c>efully4 ,,iii4 ,he _h also a son nam$ ,nicoma*us1 by ,h]pyllis 8 concub9e1 z we are told by ,timo!us4 ,,iv4 ,he sec$$ f ,plato :ile he 0 /ill alive2 s t !y tell a /ory t he said1 8,ari/otle has kick$ u (f j z *ick5s d _! "m aft] !y h be5 hat*$40 ,b ,h]mippus says 9 8 ,lives1 t :ile he 0 abs5t on an embassy to ,philip1 on behalf ( ! ,a!nians1 ,x5ocrates became ! presid5t ( ! s*ool 9 ! ,academy2 & t :5 he return$ & saw ! s*ool "u ! presid5cy ( "s "o else1 he select$ a prom5ade 9 ! ,lyceum1 9 :i* he us$ to walk up & d[n ) 8 disciples1 discuss+ subjects ( philosophy till ! "t = ano9t+ !mselves came2 on :i* acc\nt he 0 call$ a ,p]ipatetic4#dd ,b o!rs say t he got ?is "n because once :5 ,alex&] 0 walk+ ab\t aft] recov]+ f a sickness1 he accompani$ him & kept conv]s+ ) him4 ,b :5 8 pupils became num]\s1 he !n gave !m seats1 say+3-- ,x w\ld be %ame = me to hold my peace1 ,& = ,isocrates to keep on talk+4 ,& he us$ to accu/om 8 disciples to discuss any "q :i* might be propos$1 tra9+ !m j z an orator might4 ,v4 ,aft] t he w5t to ,h]mias ! ,eunu*1 ! tyrant ( ,at>neus1 :o1 z x is said1 all[$ him all k9ds ( lib]ties2 & "s say t he =m$ a matrimonial connection ) him1 giv+ him ei!r 8 daught] or 8 niece 9 m>riage1 z is record$ by ,demetrius ( ,magnesia1 9 8 essay on ,poets & ,prose-writ]s ( ! same "n4 ,& ! same au?ority says t ,h]mias _h be5 ! slave ( ,eubulus1 & a ,bi?ynian by desc5t1 & t he slew 8 ma/]4 ,b ,ari/ippus1 9 ! fir/ book ( 8 treatise on ,anci5t ,luxury1 says t ,ari/otle 0 enam\r$ ( ! concub9e ( ,h]mias1 & t1 z ,h]mias gave 8 cons5t1 he m>ri$ h]2 & 0 s ov]joy$ t he sacrific$ to h]1 z ! ,a!nians d to ! ,eleus9ian ,c]es4 ,& he wrote a hymn to ,h]mias1 :i* is giv5 at l5g? bel[4 ,,vi4 ,aft] t he liv$ 9 ,mac$onia1 at ! c\rt ( ,philip1 & 0 entru/$ by him ) 8 son ,alex&] z a pupil2 & he entreat$ him to re/ore 8 native city :i* _h be5 de/roy$ by ,philip1 & _h 8 reque/ grant$2 & he also made laws = ! citiz5s4 ,& also he us$ to make laws 9 8 s*ools1 do+ ?is 9 imitation ( ,x5ocrates1 s t he appo9t$ a presid5t e t5 days4 ,& :5 he ?\ght t he _h sp5t "t en\gh ) ,alex&]1 he dep>t$ = ,a!ns1 hav+ recomm5d$ to him 8 relation ,calli/h5es1 a native ( ,olyn?us2 b z he spoke too freely to ! k+1 & w\ld n take ,ari/otle's advice1 he reproa*$ him & said3-- ,alas6 my *ild1 9 life's primeval bloom1 ,su* ha/y words w br+ !e to ?y doom4#de ,& 8 prophecy 0 fulfill$1 = z he 0 believ$ by ,h]molaus to h be5 privy to ! plot aga9/ ,alex&]1 he 0 %ut up 9 an iron cage1 cov]$ ) lice1 & unt5d$2 & at la/ he 0 giv5 to a lion1 & s di$4 ,,vii4 ,ari/otle !n hav+ come to ,a!ns1 & hav+ presid$ ov] 8 s*ool !re = ?irte5 ye>s1 retir$ secretly to ,*alcis1 z ,eurym$on1 ! hi]ophant _h impea*$ him on an indictm5t = impiety1 ?\gh ,phavor9us1 9 8 ,univ]sal ,hi/ory1 says t 8 prosecutor 0 ,demophilus1 on ! gr\nd ( hav+ writt5 ! hymn to ! be=em5tion$ ,h]mias1 & also ! foll[+ epigram :i* 0 engrav5 on 8 /atue at ,delphi3-- ,! tyrant ( ! ,p]sian ar*] race1 ,broke ?r\gh ! laws ( ,god to slay ?is man ,n by ! manly spe> 9 op5 fight1 ,b by ! trea*]y ( a fai?less fri5d4 ,& aft] t he di$ ( tak+ a draught ( aconite1 z ,eumelus says 9 ! fif? book ( 8 ,hi/ories1 at ! age ( sev5ty ye>s4 ,& ! same au?or says t he 0 ?irty ye>s old :5 he fir/ became acqua9t$ ) ,plato4 ,b ?is is a mi/ake ( 81 = he did only live 9 reality sixty-?ree ye>s1 & he 0 sev5te5 ye>s old :5 he fir/ atta*$ himself to ,plato4 ,& ! hymn 9 hon\r ( ,h]mias is z foll[s3-- ,o ,virtue1 won by e>ne/ /rife1 ,& hold+ out ! noble/ prize ,t ev] gild$ e>?ly life1 ,or drew x on to seek ! skies2 ,= !e :at son ( ,greece w\ld ,deem x an enviable lot1 ,to live ! life1 to die ! dea?1 ,t fe>s no we>y h\r1 %r9ks f no fi]y brea?8 ,su* fruit ha/ ?\ ( heav5ly bloom1 ,a lure m ri* ?an gold5 heap1 ,m tempt+ ?an ! joys ( home1 ,m bl& ?an spell ( s(t-ey$ sleep4 ,= !e ,alcides1 son ( ,jove1 ,& ! tw9 boys ( ,l$a /rove1 ,) pati5t toil & s9ewy might1 ,?y glori\s prize to grasp1 to rea* ?y l(ty height4 ,a*illes1 ,ajax1 = ?y love ,desc5d$ to ! realms ( night2 ,at>neus' ,k+ ?y vision drove1 ,to quit = aye ! glad sun-light1 ,!re=e1 to memory's daught]s de>1 ,8 dea?less "n1 8 pure c>e]1 ,live %r9$ 9 song1 & l9k'd ) awe1 ,! awe ( ,x5ian ,jove1 & fai?ful fri5d%ip's law4#df ,!re is also an epigram ( ours ^u him1 :i* runs ?us3-- ,eurym$on1 ! fai?ful m9i/] ,( ! my/]i\s ,eleus9ian ,que51 ,0 once ab\t t' impea* ! ,/agirite ,( impi\s guilt4 ,b he escap$ 8 h&s ,by mighty draught ( fri5dly aconite1 ,& ?us defeat$ all 8 wick$ arts4 ,phavor9us1 9 8 ,univ]sal ,hi/ory1 says t ,ari/otle 0 ! fir/ p]son :o ev] compos$ a spee* to be deliv]$ 9 8 own def5ce 9 a c\rt ( ju/ice1 & t he did s on ! occasion ( ?is prosecution1 & said t at ,a!ns3-- ,pe>s ^u pe>-trees gr[2 on fig-trees1 figs4 ,apollodorus1 9 8 ,*ronicles1 says t he 0 born 9 ! fir/ ye> ( ! n9ety-n9? olympiad1 & t he atta*$ himself to ,plato1 & rema9$ ) him = tw5ty ye>s1 hav+ be5 sev5te5 ye>s ( age :5 he orig9ally jo9$ him4 ,& he w5t to ,mityl5e 9 ! ar*on%ip ( ,eubulus1 9 ! f\r? ye> ( ! hundr$ & eigh? olympiad4 ,b z ,plato _h di$ 9 ! fir/ ye> ( ?is same olympiad1 9 ! ar*on%ip ( ,!ophilus1 he dep>t$ = ! c\rt ( ,h]mias1 & rema9$ !re ?ree ye>s4 ,& 9 ! ar*on%ip ( ,py?odotus he w5t to ! c\rt ( ,philip1 9 ! second ye> ( ! hundr$ & n9? olympiad1 :5 ,alex&] 0 fifte5 ye>s old2 & he came to ,a!ns 9 ! second ye> ( ! hundr$ & elev5? olympiad1 & presid$ ov] 8 s*ool 9 ! ,lyceum = ?irte5 ye>s2 aft] t he dep>t$ to ,*alcis1 9 ! ?ird ye> ( ! hundr$ & f\rte5? olympiad1 & di$1 at ab\t ! age ( sixty-?ree ye>s1 ( disease1 ! same ye> t ,demo/h5es di$ 9 ,calauria1 9 ! ar*on%ip ( ,philocles4 ,,viii4 ,x is said also t he 0 (f5d$ ) ! k+1 because ( ! result ( ! conspiracy ( ,calli/h5es aga9/ ,alex&]2 & t ! k+1 = ! sake ( annoy+ him1 promot$ ,anaxim5es to hon\r1 & s5t pres5ts to ,x5ocrates4 ,& ,!ocritus1 ( ,*ios1 wrote an epigram ^u him to ridicule him1 9 ! foll[+ t]ms1 z x is quot$ by ,ambryon 9 8 acc\nt ( ,!ocritus3-- ,! empty-head$ ,ari/otle rais'd ,?is empty tomb to ,h]mias ! ,eunu*1 ,! anci5t slave ( ! ill-u'd ,eubulus4 ,:o1 = 8 mon/r\s appetite1 pref]r$ ,! ,bosphorus to ,academia's groves4 ,& ,timon attack$ him too1 say+ ( him3-- ,nor ! sad *att]+ ( ! empty ,ari/otle4 ,su* 0 ! life ( ! philosoph]4 ,,ix4 ,we h also met ) 8 w1 :i* is c\*$ 9 ! foll[+ t]ms3--8,may ?+s turn out well2 b if any ?+ happ5s to him1 9 t case ,ari/otle has made ! foll[+ disposition ( 8 affairs4 ,t ,antipat] %all be ! g5]al & univ]sal executor4 ,& until ,nicanor m>ries my daught]1 ,i appo9t ,ari/om$es1 ,tim>*us1 ,hipp>*us1 ,dioteles1 & ,!ophra/us1 if he w cons5t & accept ! *>ge1 to be ! gu>dians ( my *ildr5 & ( ,h]pyllis1 & ! tru/ees ( all ! prop]ty ,i leave beh9d me2 & ,i desire !m1 :5 my daught] is old en\gh1 to give h] 9 m>riage to ,nicanor2 b if any ?+ %\ld happ5 to ! girl1 :i* may ,god =bid1 ei!r be=e or aft] %e is m>ri$1 b be=e %e has any *ildr51 !n ,i w t ,nicanor %all h ! absolute disposal ( my son1 & ( all o!r ?+s1 9 ! full confid5ce t he w arrange !m 9 a mann] wor?y ( me & ( himself4 ,let him also be ! gu>dian ( my daught] & son ,nicoma*us1 to act z he pleases ) respect to !m1 z if he 7 _! fa!r or bro!r4 ,b if any?+ %\ld happ5 to ,nicanor1 :i* may ,god =bid1 ei!r be=e he receives my daught] 9 m>riage1 or aft] he is m>ri$ to h]1 or be=e he has any *ildr5 by h]1 !n any arrangem5ts :i* he may make by w %all /&4 ,b1 if ,!ophra/us1 9 ?is case1 %\ld *oose to take my daught] 9 m>riage1 !n he is to /& exactly 9 ! same position z ,nicanor4 ,& if n1 !n ,i w1 t my tru/ees1 consult+ ) ,antipat] conc]n+ bo? ! boy & girl1 %all arrange ev]y?+ respect+ !m z !y %all ?9k fit2 & t my tru/ees & ,nicanor1 rememb]+ bo? me & ,h]pyllis1 & h[ well %e has behav$ to me1 %all take c>e1 if %e be incl9$ to take a husb&1 t "o be f\nd = h] :o %all n be unwor?y ( u2 & %all give h]1 9 addition to all t has be5 already giv5 h]1 a tal5t ( silv]1 & ?ree maids]vants if %e please to accept !m1 & ! h&maid :om %e has n[1 & ! boy ,pyrrhu4 ,& if %e likes to dwell at ,*alcis1 %e %all h ! h\se :i* jo9s ! g>d52 b if %e likes to dwell 9 ,/agira1 !n %e %all h my fa!r's h\se4 ,& :i*ev] ( ^! h\ses %e elects to take1 ,i w t my executors d furni% x ) all necess>y furniture1 9 su* mann] z %all seem to !m & to ,h]pyllis to be suffici5t4 ,& let ,nicanor be ! gu>dian ( ! *ild ,myrmex1 s t he %all be conduct$ to 8 fri5ds 9 a mann] wor?y ( u1 ) all 8 prop]ty :i* ,i receiv$4 ,i also w t ,ambracis %all h h] lib]ty1 & t !re %all be giv5 to h] :5 h] daught] is m>ri$1 five hundr$ dra*mas1 & ! h&maid :om %e n[ has4 ,& ,i w t !re be giv5 to ,?ales1 besides ! h&maid5 :om %e n[ has1 :o 0 b\ght = h]1 a ?\s& dra*mas & ano!r h&maid4 ,& to ,timon1 9 addition to ! money t has be5 giv5 to him be=e = ano!r boy1 an additional slave1 or a sum ( money :i* %all be equival5t4 ,i also w t ,ty*on %all h 8 lib]ty :5 8 daught] is m>ri$1 & ,philon1 & ,olympius1 & 8 son4 ,moreov]1 ( ^? boys :o wait ^u me1 ,i w t none %all be sold1 b my executors may use !m1 & :5 !y are gr[n up !n !y %all emancipate !m if !y des]ve x4 ,i desire too1 t my executors w take "u _! c>e ! /atues :i* x has be5 entru/$ to ,gryllion to make1 t :5 !y are made !y may be erect$ 9 _! prop] places2 & s too %all ! /atues ( ,nicanor1 & ( ,prox5us1 :i* ,i 0 int5d+ to give him a commission =1 & also t ( ! "m ( ,nicanor4 ,i wi% !m also to erect 9 its prop] place ! /atue ( ,arimne/us :i* is already made1 t x may be a memorial ( h]1 s9ce %e has di$ *ildless4 ,i wi% !m also to d$icate a /atue ( my "m to ,c]es at ,nemea1 or :]ev] else !y ?9k fit4 ,& :]ev] !y bury me1 !re ,i desire t !y %all also place ! bones ( ,py?ias1 hav+ tak5 !m up f ! place :]e !y n[ lie1 z %e h]self enjo9$4 ,& ,i desire t ,nicanor1 z he has be5 pres]v$1 w p]=m ! v[ :i* ,i made on 8 behalf1 & d$icate "s figures ( animals 9 /one1 f\r cubits high1 to ,jupit] ! savi\r1 & ,m9]va ! savi\r1 9 ,/agira40 ,^! are ! provisions ( 8 w4 ,x4 ,& x is said t a great _m di%es 7 f\nd 9 8 h\se2 & t ,lycon /at$ t he us$ to ba! 9 a ba? ( w>m oil1 & aft]w>ds to sell ! oil4 ,b "s say t he us$ to place a lea!r bag ( w>m oil on 8 /oma*4 ,& :5ev] he w5t to b$1 he us$ to take a braz5 ball 9 8 h&1 hav+ arrang$ a braz5 di% bel[ x2 s t1 :5 ! ball fell into ! di%1 he might be awak5$ by ! noise4 ,,xi4 ,! foll[+ admirable apoph!gms are attribut$ to him4 ,he 0 once ask$1 :at ^? :o tell lies ga9 by x2 8,!y ga9 ?is10 said he1 8t :5 !y speak tru? !y are n believ$40 ,on "o occasion he 0 blam$ = giv+ alms to a wor?less man1 & he repli$1 8,i did n pity ! man1 b 8 condition40 ,he 0 accu/om$ cont9ually to say to 8 fri5ds & pupils :]ev] he happ5$ to be1 8,t sight receives ! light f ! air :i* surr\nds x1 & 9 l mann] ! s\l receives ! light f ! sci5ce40 ,v (t51 :5 he 0 inveigh+ aga9/ ! ,a!nians1 he w\ld say t !y _h inv5t$ bo? :eat & laws1 b t !y us$ only ! :eat & neglect$ ! laws4 ,x 0 a say+ ( 8 t ! roots ( education 7 bitt]1 b ! fruit sweet4 ,once he 0 ask$ :at grew old mo/ spe$ily1 & he repli$1 8,gratitude40 ,on ano!r occasion ! "q 0 put to him1 :at hope is8 & 8 answ] 01 8,! dream ( a wak+ man40 ,diog5es once (f]$ him a dry fig1 & z he conjectur$ t if he did n take x ! cynic _h a witticism ready prep>$1 he accept$ x1 & !n said t ,diog5es _h lo/ 8 joke & 8 fig too2 & ano!r "t :5 he took "o f him z he (f]$ x1 he held x up z a *ild does1 & said1 8,o great ,diog5es20 & !n he gave x to him back aga94 ,he us$ to say t !re 7 ?ree ?+s necess>y to education2 natural qualifications1 in/ruction1 & practice4 ,hav+ he>d t he 0 abus$ by "s "o1 he said1 8,he may beat me too1 if he likes1 9 my abs5ce40 ,he us$ to say t beauty is ! be/ ( all recomm5dations1 b o!rs say t x 0 ,diog5es :o gave ?is description ( x2 & t ,ari/otle call$ beauty1 8,! gift ( a fair appe>ance10 t ,socrates call$ x 8,a %ort-liv$ tyranny20 ,plato1 8,! privilege ( nature20 ,!ophra/us1 8,a sil5t deceit20 ,!ocritus1 8,an ivory mis*ief20 ,c>neades1 8,a sov]eignty :i* /ood 9 ne$ ( no gu>ds40 ,on "o occasion he 0 ask$ h[ mu* educat$ m5 7 sup]ior to ^? un$ucat$2 8,z mu*10 said he1 8z ! liv+ are to ! dead40 ,x 0 a say+ ( 8 t education 0 an ornam5t 9 prosp]ity1 & a refuge 9 adv]sity4 ,& t ^? p>5ts :o gave _! *ildr5 a good education des]v$ m hon\r ?an ^? :o m]ely beget !m3 = t ! latt] only enabl$ _! *ildr5 to live1 b ! =m] gave !m ! p[] ( liv+ well4 ,:5 a man boa/$ 9 8 pres5ce t he 0 a native ( an illu/ri\s city1 he said1 8,t is n :at "o ought to look at1 b :e!r "o is wor?y ( a great city40 ,he 0 once ask$ :at a fri5d is2 & 8 answ] 01 8,"o s\l abid+ 9 two bodies40 ,x 0 a say+ ( 8 t "s m5 7 z /+y z if !y expect$ to live = ev]1 & "s z extravagant z if !y expect$ to die imm$iately4 ,:5 he 0 ask$ :y p l to sp5d a great deal ( _! "t ) h&some p1 8,t10 said he1 8is a "q fit = a bl9d man to ask40 ,! "q 0 once put to him1 :at he _h ga9$ by philosophy2 & ! answ] he made 0 ?is1 8,t ,i d )\t be+ comm&$1 :at o!rs d f fe> ( ! laws40 ,he 0 once ask$ :at 8 disciples ought to d to get on2 & he repli$1 8,press on ^u ^? :o are 9 front ( !m1 & n wait = ^? :o are beh9d to cat* !m40 ,a *att]+ fell[1 :o _h be5 abus+ him1 said to him1 8,h n ,i be5 je]+ y prop]ly80 8,n t ,i "k (10 said he1 8= ,i h n be5 li/5+ to y40 ,a man on "o occasion reproa*$ him = hav+ giv5 a contribution to "o :o 0 n a good man 7= ! /ory :i* ,i h m5tion$ be=e is also quot$ 9 ?is way71 & 8 answ] 01 8,i gave n to ! man1 b to humanity40 ,! "q 0 once put to him1 h[ we ought to behave to our fri5ds2 & ! answ] he gave 01 8,z we %\ld wi% our fri5ds to behave to u40 ,he us$ to def9e ju/ice z 8,a virtue ( ! s\l di/ributive ( :at ea* p]son des]v$40 ,ano!r ( 8 say+s 01 t education 0 ! be/ viaticum = old age4 ,phavor9us1 9 ! second book ( 8 ,comm5t>ies1 says t he 0 con/antly repeat+1 8,! man :o has fri5ds has no fri5d40 ,& ?is s5tim5t is to be f\nd also 9 ! sev5? book ( ! ,e?ics4 ,^! apoph!gms !n are attribut$ to him4 ,,xii4 ,he also wrote a great numb] ( works2 & ,i h ?\ght x wor? :ile to give a li/ ( !m1 on acc\nt ( ! em95ce ( _! au?or 9 e bran* ( philosophy4 ,f\r books on ,ju/ice2 ?ree books on ,poets2 ?ree books on ,philosophy2 two books ( ,! ,/atesman2 "o on ,rhetoric1 call$ also ! ,gryllus2 ! ,n]9?us1 "o2 ! ,sophi/1 "o2 ! ,m5ex5us1 "o2 ! ,erotic1 "o2 ! ,banquet1 "o2 on ,ri*es1 "o2 ! ,exhortation1 "o2 on ! ,s\l1 "o2 on ,pray]1 "o2 on ,nobility ( ,bir?1 "o2 on ,pleasure1 "o2 ! ,alex&]1 or an ,essay on ,coloni/s1 "o2 on ,sov]eignty1 "o2 on ,education1 "o2 on ! ,good1 ?ree2 ?ree books on ?+s 9 ! ,laws ( ,plato2 two on ,political ,con/itutions2 on ,economy1 "o2 on ,fri5d%ip1 "o2 on ,suff]+1 or hav+ ,suff]$1 "o2 on ,sci5ces1 "o2 on ,discussions1 two2 ,solutions ( ,disput$ ,po9ts1 two2 ,sophi/ical ,divisions1 f\r2 on ,contr>ies1 "o2 on ,species & ,g5]a1 "o2 on ,prop]ty1 "o2 ,epi*eirematic1 or ,argum5tative ,comm5t>ies1 ?ree2 ,propositions relat+ to ,virtue1 ?ree2 ,objections1 "o2 "o book on ?+s :i* are spok5 ( 9 v>i\s ways1 or a ,prelim9>y ,essay2 "o on ! ,passion ( ,ang]2 five on ,e?ics2 ?ree on ,elem5ts2 "o on ,sci5ce2 "o on ,beg9n+2 sev5te5 on ,divisions2 on ,divisible ,?+s1 "o2 two books ( ,que/ions & ,answ]s2 two on ,motion2 "o book ( ,propositions2 f\r ( ,cont5ti\s ,propositions2 "o ( ,syllogisms2 eight ( ! ,fir/ ,analytics2 two ( ! second great] ,analytics2 "o on ,problems2 eight on ,me?od2 "o on ! ,bett]2 "o on ! ,idea2 ,def9itions s]v+ z a preamble to ! ,topics1 sev52 two books m ( ,syllogisms2 "o ( ,syllogisms & ,def9itions2 "o on :at is ,eligible1 & on :at is ,suitable2 ! ,preface to ! ,topics1 "o2 ,topics relat+ to ! ,def9itions1 two2 "o on ! ,passions2 "o on ,divisions2 "o on ,ma!matics2 ?irte5 books ( ,def9itions2 two ( ,epi*eiremata1 or ,argum5ts2 "o on ,pleasure2 "o ( ,propositions2 on ! ,volunt>y1 "o2 on ! ,hon\rable1 "o2 ( ,epi*eirematic or ,argum5tative ,propositions1 tw5ty-five books2 ( ,amatory ,propositions1 f\r2 ( ,propositions relat+ to ,fri5d%ip1 two2 ( ,propositions relat+ to ! ,s\l1 "o2 on ,politics1 two2 ,political ,lectures1 su* z t ( ,!ophra/us1 eight2 on ,j ,actions1 two2 two books entitl$1 ,a ,collection ( ,arts2 two on ! ,art ( ,rhetoric2 "o on ,art2 two on o!r ,art2 "o on ,me?od2 "o1 ! ,introduction to ! ,art ( ,!odectes2 two books1 be+ a treatise on ! ,art ( ,poetry2 "o book ( ,rhetorical ,en?ymemes on ,magnitude2 "o ( ,divisions ( ,en?ymemes2 on ,/yle1 two2 on ,advice1 "o2 on ,collection1 two2 on ,nature1 ?ree2 on ,natural ,philosophy1 "o2 on ! ,philosophy ( ,ar*ytas1 ?ree2 on ! ,philosophy ( ,speusippus & ,x5ocrates1 "o2 on ?+s tak5 f ! doctr9es ( ,timu & ! s*ool ( ,ar*ytas1 "o2 on ,doctr9es ( ,melissus1 "o2 on ,doctr9es ( ,alcmon1 "o2 on ! ,py?agoreans1 "o2 on ! ,precepts ( ,gorgias1 "o2 on ! ,precepts ( ,x5ophanes1 "o2 on ! ,precepts ( ,z5o1 "o2 on ! ,py?agoreans1 "o2 on ,animals1 n9e2 on ,anatomy1 eight2 "o book1 a ,selection ( ,anatomical ,que/ions2 "o on ,comp\nd ,animals2 "o on ,my?ological ,animals2 "o on ,impot5ce2 "o on ,plants2 "o on ,physiognomy2 two on ,m$ic9e2 "o on ! ,unit2 "o on ,signs ( ,/orms2 "o on ,a/ronomy2 "o on ,optics2 "o on ,motion2 "o on ,music2 "o on ,memory2 six on ,d\bts connect$ ) ,hom]2 "o on ,poetry2 ?irty-eight ( ,natural ,philosophy 9 ref]5ce to ! ,fir/ ,elem5ts2 two ( ,problems ,resolv$2 two ( ,encyclica1 or ,g5]al ,k2 "o on ,me*anics2 two consi/+ ( ,problems d]iv$ f ! writ+s ( ,democritus2 "o on ,/one2 "o book ( ,comp>isons2 twelve books ( ,miscellanies2 f\rte5 books ( ?+s expla9$ accord+ to _! ,g5us2 "o on ,rights2 "o book1 ! ,conqu]ors at ! ,olympic ,games2 "o1 ! ,conqu]ors at ! ,py?ian ,games 9 ! ,art ( ,music2 "o1 ! ,py?ian2 "o1 a ,li/ ( ! ,victors 9 ! ,py?ian ,games2 "o1 ! ,victories ga9$ at ! ,olympic ,games2 "o on ,trag$ies2 "o1 a ,li/ ( ,plays2 "o book ( ,prov]bs2 "o on ! ,laws ( ,recomm5dations2 f\r books ( ,laws2 "o ( ,categories2 "o on ,int]pretation2 a book conta9+ an acc\nt ( ! ,con/itutions ( a hundr$ & fifty-eight cities1 & also "s individual democratic1 olig>*ic1 ari/ocratic1 & tyrannical ,con/itutions2 ,lett]s to ,philip2 ,lett]s ( ! ,selymbrians2 f\r ,lett]s to ,alex&]2 n9e to ,antipat]2 "o to ,m5tor2 "o to ,ari/on2 "o to ,olympias2 "o to ,heph/ion2 "o to ,!mi/agoras2 "o to ,philox5us2 "o to ,democritus2 "o book ( ,poems beg9n+3-- ,hail6 holy1 sacr$1 di/ant-%oot+ ,god4 ,a book ( ,elegies :i* beg9s3-- ,daught] ( all-accompli%'d "m4 ,! :ole consi/+ ( f\r hundr$ & =ty-five ?\s& two hundr$ & sev5ty l9es4 ,,xiii4 ,^! !n are ! books :i* 7 writt5 by him4 ,& 9 !m he expresses ! foll[+ op9ions3--t !re is 9 philosophy a two-fold division2 "o practical1 & ! o!r !oretical4 ,aga91 ! practical is divid$ into e?ical & political1 "u :i* la/ head are compris$ consid]ations affect+ n only ! /ate1 b also ! managem5t1 ( a s+le h\se4 ,! !oretical "p1 too1 is subdivid$ into physics & logic2 ! latt] =m+ n a s+le division1 turn+ on "o special po9t1 b be+ r an in/rum5t = e art br\ght to a high degree ( accuracy4 ,& he has laid d[n two sep>ate objects z :at x is conv]sant ab\t1 ! p]suasive & ! true4 ,& he has us$ two means ) ref]5ce to ea* end2 dialectics & rhetoric1 ) ref]5ce to p]suasion2 analytical exam9ation & philosophy1 ) ref]5ce to tru?2 omitt+ no?+ :i* c be> ^u discov]y1 or judgm5t1 or use4 ,accord+ly1 ) ref]5ce to discov]y1 he has furni%$ u ) topics & works on me?od1 :i* =m a complete arm\ry ( propositions1 f :i* x is easy to provide "o's self ) an abundance ( probable argum5ts = e k9d ( "q4 ,& ) ref]5ce to judgm5t1 he has giv5 u ! =m] & po/]ior analytics2 & by means ( ! =m] analytics1 we may arrive at a critical exam9ation ( pr9ciples2 by means ( ! po/]ior1 we may exam9e ! conclusions :i* are d$uc$ f !m4 ,) ref]5ce to ! use or application ( 8 rules1 he has giv5 u works on discussion1 on "q1 on disputation1 on sophi/ical refutation1 on syllogism1 & on ?+s ( t sort4 ,he has also furni%$ u ) a d\ble crit]ion ( tru?4 ,"o1 on ! p]ception ( ^? effects1 :i* are accord+ to imag9ation2 ! o!r1 ! intellig5ce ( ^? ?+s :i* are e?ical1 & :i* conc]n politics1 & economy1 & laws4 ,! *ief good he has def9$ to be ! ex]cise ( virtue 9 a p]fect life4 ,he us$ also to say1 t happ9ess 0 a ?+ made up ( ?ree k9ds ( goods4 ,fir/ ( all1 ! goods ( ! s\l1 :i* he also calls ! pr9cipal goods 9 respect ( _! p[]2 secondly1 ! goods ( ! body1 su* z heal?1 /r5g?1 beauty1 & ?+s ( t sort2 ?irdly1 ext]nal goods1 su* z weal?1 nobility ( bir?1 glory1 & ?+s l ^?4 ,& he taught t virtue 0 n suffici5t ( itself to conf] happ9ess2 = t x _h ne$ besides ( ! goods ( ! body1 & ( ! ext]nal goods1 = t a wise man w\ld be mis]able if he 7 surr\nd$ by di/ress1 & pov]ty1 & circum/ances ( t k9d4 ,b1 on ! o!r h&1 he said1 t vice 0 suffici5t ( itself to cause unhapp9ess1 ev5 if ! goods ( ! body & ! ext]nal goods 7 pres5t 9 ! greate/ possible degree4 ,he also ass]t$ t ! virtues did n reciprocally foll[ "o ano!r1 = t x 0 possible = a prud5t1 & j1 & imp>tial man1 to be incont95t & intemp]ate2 & he said1 t ! wise man 0 n de/itute ( passions1 b end[$ ) mod]ate passions4 ,he also us$ to def9e fri5d%ip z an equality ( mutual b5evol5ce4 ,& he divid$ x into ! fri5d%ip ( k9dr$1 & ( love1 & ( ^? connect$ by ties ( hospitality4 ,& he said1 t love 0 divid$ into s5sual & philosophical love4 ,& t ! wise man w\ld feel ! influ5ce ( love1 & w\ld occupy himself 9 affairs ( /ate1 & w\ld m>ry a wife1 & w\ld live ) a k+4 ,& z !re 7 ?ree k9ds ( life1 ! speculative1 ! practical1 & ! voluptu\s1 he pref]r$ ! speculative4 ,he also consid]$ ! acquisition ( g5]al k s]viceable to ! acquisition ( virtue4 ,z a natural philosoph]1 he 0 ! mo/ +5i\s man t ev] liv$ 9 trac+ effects back to _! causes1 s t he c\ld expla9 ! pr9ciples ( ! mo/ trifl+ circum/ances2 on :i* acc\nt he wrote a great _m books ( comm5t>ies on physical que/ions4 ,he us$ to tea* t ,god 0 incorporeal1 z ,plato also ass]t$1 & t 8 provid5ce ext5ds ov] all ! heav5ly bodies2 also1 t he is incapable ( motion4 ,& t he gov]ns all ?+s ^u e>? ) ref]5ce to _! sympa?y ) ! heav5ly bodies4 ,ano!r ( 8 doctr9es 01 t besides ! f\r elem5ts !re is "o o!r1 mak+ ! fif?1 ( :i* all ! heav5ly bodies are compos$2 & t ?is "o possesses a motion peculi> to itself1 = x is a circul> "o4 ,t ! s\l is incorporeal1 be+ ! fir/ 2 = x is ! ( a physical & organic body1 hav+ an exi/5ce 9 consequ5ce ( a capacity = exi/5ce4 ,& ?is is1 accord+ to him1 ( a tw(old nature4 ,by ! ^w 1 he means some?+ :i* has an incorporeal species1 ei!r 9 capacity1 z a figure ( ,m]cury 9 wax1 :i* has a capacity = assum+ any %ape2 or a /atue 9 brass2 & s ! p]fection ( ! ,m]cury or ( ! /atue is call$ 1 ) ref]5ce to its habit4 ,b :5 he speaks ( ! #dg ( a natural body1 he does s because1 ( bodies "s are wr\ght by ! h&s1 z = in/ance1 ^? :i* are made by arti/s1 = in/ance1 a t[]1 or a %ip2 & "s exi/ by nature1 z ! bodies ( plants & animals4 ,he has also us$ ! t]m ) ref]5ce to an organic body1 t is to say1 ) ref]5ce to some?+ t is made1 z ! faculty ( sight = see+1 or ! faculty ( he>+ = ! purpose ( he>+4 ,! capacity ( hav+ life mu/ exi/ 9 ! ?+ itself4 ,b ! capacity is tw(old1 ei!r 9 habit or 9 op]ation4 ,9 op]ation1 z a man1 :5 awake1 is said to h a s\l2 9 habit1 z ! same is said ( a man :5 asleep4 ,t1 !re=e1 he may come "u 8 def9ition1 he has add$ ! ^w capacity4 ,he has also giv5 o!r def9itions on a great _m subjects1 :i* x w\ld be t$i\s to enum]ate "h4 ,= he 0 9 e ?+ a man ( ! greate/ indu/ry & +5uity1 z is pla9 f all 8 works :i* ,i h lately giv5 a li/ (2 :i* are 9 numb] ne>ly f\r hundr$1 ! g5u95ess ( :i* is und\bt$4 ,!re are1 also1 a great _m o!r works attribut$ to him1 & a numb] ( apoph!gms :i* he nev] committ$ to pap]4 ,,xiv4 ,!re 7 eight p]sons ( ! "n ( ,ari/otle4 ,fir/ ( all1 ! philosoph] ( :om we h be5 speak+2 ! second 0 an ,a!nian /atesman1 "s ( ^: =5sic orations1 ( great elegance1 are /ill extant2 ! ?ird 0 a man :o wrote a treatise on ! ,iliad2 ! f\r?1 a ,siciliot orator1 :o wrote a reply to ! ,panegyric ( ,isocrates2 ! fif? 0 ! man :o 0 surnam$ ,my?1 a fri5d ( s*9es1 ! pupil ( ,socrates2 ! six? 0 a ,cyr5ean1 :o wrote a treatise on ,poetry2 ! sev5? 0 a s*oolma/]1 :o is m5tion$ by ,ari/ox5us 9 8 ,life ( ,plato2 ! eigh?1 0 an obscure gramm>ian1 to :om a treatise on ,pleonasm is attribut$4 ,,xv4 ,& ! ,/agirite _h _m fri5ds1 ! mo/ em95t ( :om 0 ,!ophra/us1 :om we mu/ proce$ to speak (4 ,,life ,,( ,,!ophra/us4 ,i4 ,!ophra/us 0 a native ( ,eresus1 ! son ( ,melantas1 a full]1 z we are told by ,a!nodorus 9 ! eigh? book ( 8 ,philosophical ,conv]sations4 ,,ii4 ,he 0 orig9ally a pupil ( ,leucippus1 8 fell[ citiz51 9 8 own c\ntry2 & subsequ5tly1 aft] hav+ att5d$ ! lectures ( ,plato1 he w5t ov] to ,ari/otle4 ,& :5 he )drew to ,*alcis1 he succe$$ him z presid5t ( 8 s*ool1 9 ! hundr$ & f\rte5? olympiad4 ,,iii4 ,x is also said t a slave ( 81 by "n ,pomphylus1 0 a philosoph]1 z we are told by ,myronianus ( ,ama/ra1 9 ! fir/ book ( ,simil> ,hi/orical ,*apt]s4 ,,iv4 ,!ophra/us 0 a man ( great acut5ess & indu/ry1 &1 z ,pamphila ass]ts 9 ! ?irty-second book ( h] ,comm5t>ies1 he 0 ! tutor ( ,m5&]1 ! comic poet4 ,he 0 also a mo/ b5evol5t man1 & v affable4 ,v4 ,accord+ly ,cass&] receiv$ him z a fri5d2 & ,ptolemy s5t to invite him to 8 c\rt4 ,& he 0 ?\ght s v highly ( at ,a!ns1 t :5 ,agonides v5tur$ to impea* him on a *>ge ( impiety1 he 0 v ne>ly f9$ = 8 h>dihood4 ,& !re ?rong$ to 8 s*ool a cr[d ( disciples to ! numb] ( two ?\s&4 ,9 8 lett] to ,phanias1 ! ,p]ipatetic1 among o!r subjects he speaks ( ! c\rt ( ju/ice 9 ! foll[+ t]ms3 8,x is n only out ( ! "q to f9d an assembly 771 b x is n easy to f9d ev5 a company 77 su* z "o w\ld l2 b yet recitations produce corrections ( ! judgm5t4 ,& my age does n all[ me to put (f ev]y?+ & to feel indiff]5ce on su* a subject40 ,9 ?is lett] he speaks ( himself z "o :o devotes 8 :ole leisure to le>n+4 ,& ?\gh he 0 ( ?is disposition1 he nev]!less w5t away = a %ort "t1 bo? he & all ! re/ ( ! philosoph]s1 9 consequ5ce ( ,sophocles1 ! son ( ,amphiclides1 hav+ br\ght =w>d & c>ri$ a law t no "o ( ! philosoph]s %\ld preside ov] a s*ool unless ! c\ncil & ! p _h pass$ a resolution to sanction _! do+ s2 if !y did1 dea? 0 to be ! p5alty4 ,b !y return$ aga9 ! next ye>1 :5 ,philion _h impea*$ ,sophocles = illegal conduct2 :5 ! ,a!nians abrogat$ 8 law1 & f9$ ,sophocles five tal5ts1 & vot$ t ! philosoph]s %\ld h leave to return1 t ,!ophra/us might return & preside ov] 8 s*ool z be=e4 ,,vi4 ,8 "n _h orig9ally be5 ,tyrtamus1 b ,ari/otle *ang$ x to ,!ophra/us1 f ! div9e "* ( 8 eloqu5ce4#dh ,,vii4 ,he is said also to h be5 v mu* atta*$ to ,ari/otle's son1 ,nicoma*us1 al?\gh he 0 8 ma/]2 at lea/1 ?is is /at$ by ,ari/ippus 9 ! f\r? book ( 8 treatise on ! ,anci5t ,luxury4 ,,viii4 ,x is also relat$ t ,ari/otle us$ ! same expression ab\t him & ,calli/h5es1 :i* ,plato1 z ,i h previ\sly m5tion$1 employ$ ab\t ,x5ocrates & ,ari/otle himself4 ,= he is report$ to h said1 s9ce ,!ophra/us 0 a man ( extraord9>y acut5ess1 :o c\ld bo? compreh5d & expla9 ev]y?+1 & z ! o!r 0 some:at sl[ 9 8 natural "*1 t ,!ophra/us requir$ a bridle1 & ,calli/h5es a spur4 ,,ix4 ,x is said1 too1 t he _h a g>d5 ( 8 own aft] ! dea? ( ,ari/otle1 by ! assi/ance ( ,demetrius ,phal]eus1 :o 0 an intimate fri5d ( 84 ,x4 ,! foll[+ v practical apoph!gms ( 8 are quot$4 ,he us$ to say t x 0 bett] to tru/ to a horse )\t a bridle ?an to a disc\rse )\t arrangem5t4 ,& once1 :5 a man pres]v$ a /rict sil5ce dur+ ! :ole ( a banquet1 he said to him1 8,if y are an ignorant man1 y are act+ wisely2 b if y h _h any education1 y are behav+ l a fool40 ,& a v fav\rite expression ( 8 01 t "t 0 ! mo/ valuable ?+ t a man c\ld sp5d4 ,,xi4 ,he di$ :5 he 0 ( a great age1 hav+ liv$ eighty-five ye>s1 :5 he _h only re/$ f 8 lab\rs a %ort "t4 ,& we h compos$ ! foll[+ epigram on him3-- ,! prov]b !n is n completely false1 ,t wisdom's b[ unb5t is quickly brok52 ,:ile ,!ophra/us lab\r$1 he kept s\nd1 ,:5 he relax$1 he lo/ 8 /r5g? & di$4 ,!y say t on "o occasion1 :5 dy+1 he 0 ask$ by 8 disciples :e!r he _h any *>ge to give !m2 & he repli$1 t he _h none b t !y %\ld 8rememb] t life holds out _m pleas+ deceits to u by ! vanity ( glory2 = t :5 we are beg9n+ to live1 !n we are dy+4 ,!re is1 !re=e1 no?+ m pr(itless ?an ambition4 ,b may y all be =tunate1 & ei!r ab&on philosophy 7= x is a great lab\r71 or else cl+ to x dilig5tly1 = !n ! cr$it ( x is great2 b ! vanities ( life exce$ ! advantage ( x4 ,h[ev]1 x is n requisite = me n[ to advise y :at y %\ld d2 b d y y\rselves consid] :at l9e ( conduct to adopt40 ,& :5 he _h said ?is1 z report goes1 he expir$4 ,& ! ,a!nians accompani$ him to ! grave1 on foot1 ) ! :ole population ( ! city1 z x is relat$1 hon\r+ ! man greatly4 ,,xii4 ,b ,phavor9us says1 t :5 he 0 v old he us$ to g ab\t 9 a litt]2 & t ,h]mippus /ates ?is1 quot+ ,arcesilaus1 ! ,pitanan1 & ! acc\nt :i* he s5t to ,lacydes ( ,cyr5e4 ,,xiii4 ,he also left beh9d him a v great numb] ( works1 ( :i* ,i h ?\ght x prop] to give a li/ on acc\nt ( _! be+ full ( e sort ( excell5ce4 ,!y are z foll[s3-- ,?ree books ( ! ,fir/ ,analytics2 sev5 ( ! ,second ,analytics2 "o book ( ! ,analysis ( ,syllogisms2 "o book1 an ,epitome ( ,analytics2 two books1 ,topics = ref]r+ ?+s to ,fir/ ,pr9ciples2 "o book1 an ,exam9ation ( ,speculative ,que/ions ab\t ,discussions2 "o on ,s5sations2 "o address$ to ,anaxagoras2 "o on ! ,doctr9es ( ,anaxagoras2 "o on ! ,doctr9es ( ,anaxim5es2 "o on ! ,doctr9es ( ,ar*elaus2 "o on ,salt1 ,nitre1 & ,alum2 two on ,petrifactions2 "o on ,indivisible ,l9es2 two on ,he>+2 "o on ,words2 "o on ! ,diff]5ces betwe5 ,virtues2 "o on ,k+ly ,p[]2 "o on ! ,education ( a ,k+2 ?ree on ,lives2 "o on ,old ,age2 "o on ! ,a/ronomical ,sy/em ( ,democritus2 "o on ,meteorology2 "o on ,images or ,phantoms2 "o on ,juices1 ,complexions1 & ,fle%2 "o on ! ,description ( ! ,_w2 "o on ,m52 "o1 a ,collection ( ! ,say+s ( ,diog5es2 ?ree books ( ,def9itions2 "o treatise on ,love2 ano!r treatise on ,love2 "o book on ,happ9ess2 two books on ,species2 on ,epilepsy1 "o2 on ,en?usiasm1 "o2 on ,emp$ocles1 "o2 eighte5 books ( ,epi*eiremes2 ?ree books ( ,objections2 "o book on ! ,volunt>y2 two books1 be+ an ,abridgm5t ( ,plato's ,polity2 "o on ! ,diff]5ce ( ! ,voices ( ,simil> ,animals2 "o on ,sudd5 ,appe>ances2 "o on ,animals :i* ,bite or ,/+2 "o on su* ,animals z are said to be ,jeal\s2 "o on ^? :i* live on ,dry ,l&2 "o on ^? :i* ,*ange _! ,col\r2 "o on ^? :i* live 9 ,holes2 sev5 on ,animals 9 ,g5]al2 "o on ,pleasure accord+ to ! ,def9ition ( ,ari/otle2 sev5ty-f\r books ( ,propositions2 "o treatise on ,hot & ,cold2 "o essay on ,gidd9ess & ,v]tigo & ,sudd5 ,dimness ( ,sight2 "o on ,p]spiration2 "o on ,affirmation & ,d5ial2 ! ,calli/h5es1 or an essay on ,m\rn+1 "o2 on ,lab\rs1 "o2 on ,motion1 ?ree2 on ,/ones1 "o2 on ,pe/il5ces1 "o2 on ,fa9t+ ,fits1 "o2 ! ,meg>ic ,philosoph]1 "o2 on ,melan*oly1 "o2 on ,m9es1 two2 on ,honey1 "o2 a collection ( ! ,doctr9es ( ,metrodorus1 "o2 two books on ^? ,philosoph]s :o h treat$ ( ,meteorology2 on ,drunk5ness1 "o2 tw5ty-f\r books ( ,laws1 9 alphabetical ord]2 t5 books1 be+ an ,abridgm5t ( ,laws2 "o on ,def9itions2 "o on ,smells2 "o on ,w9e & ,oil2 eighte5 books ( ,prim>y ,propositions2 ?ree books on ,lawgiv]s2 six books ( ,political ,disquisitions2 a treatise on ,politicals1 ) ref]5ce to occasions z !y arise1 f\r books2 f\r books ( ,political ,cu/oms2 on ! be/ ,con/itution1 "o2 five books ( a ,collection ( ,problems2 on ,prov]bs1 "o2 on ,concretion & ,liquefaction1 "o2 on ,fire1 two2 on ,spirits1 "o2 on ,p>alysis1 "o2 on ,suffocation1 "o2 on ,ab]ration ( ,intellect1 "o2 on ! ,passions1 "o2 on ,signs1 "o2 two books ( ,sophisms2 "o on ! ,solution ( ,syllogisms2 two books ( ,topics2 two on ,puni%m5t2 "o on ,hair2 "o on ,tyranny2 ?ree on ,wat]2 "o on ,sleep & ,dreams2 ?ree on ,fri5d%ip2 two on ,lib]ality2 ?ree on ,nature2 eighte5 on ,que/ions ( ,natural ,philosophy2 two books1 be+ an ,abridgm5t ( ,natural ,philosophy2 eight m books on ,natural ,philosophy2 "o treatise address$ to ,natural ,philosoph]s2 two books on ! ,hi/ory ( ,plants2 eight books on ! ,causes ( ,plants2 five on ,juices2 "o on ,mi/ak5 ,pleasures2 "o1 ,inve/igation ( a proposition conc]n+ ! ,s\l2 "o on ,unskilfully ,adduc$ ,pro(s2 "o on ,simple ,d\bts2 "o on ,h>monics2 "o on ,virtue2 "o entitl$ ,occasions or ,contradictions2 "o on ,d5ial2 "o on ,op9ion2 "o on ! ,ridicul\s2 two call$ ,soirees2 two books ( ,divisions2 "o on ,diff]5ces2 "o on ,acts ( ,inju/ice2 "o on ,calumny2 "o on ,praise2 "o on ,skill2 ?ree books ( ,epi/les2 "o on ,self-produc$ ,animals2 "o on ,selection2 "o entitl$ ! ,praises ( ! ,gods2 "o on ,fe/ivals2 "o on ,good ,=tune2 "o on ,en?ymemes2 "o on ,inv5tions2 "o on ,moral ,s*ools2 "o book ( ,moral ,*>act]s2 "o treatise on ,tumult2 "o on ,hi/ory2 "o on ! ,judgm5t ,conc]n+ ,syllogisms2 "o on ,flatt]y2 "o on ! ,sea2 "o essay1 address$ to ,cass&]1 ,conc]n+ ,k+ly ,p[]2 "o on ,com$y2 "o on ,meteors2 "o on ,/yle2 "o book call$ a ,collection ( ,say+s2 "o book ( ,solutions2 ?ree books on ,music2 "o on ,metres2 ! ,megades1 "o2 on ,laws1 "o2 on ,violations ( ,law1 "o2 a collection ( ! ,say+s & ,doctr9es ( ,x5ocrates1 "o2 "o book ( ,conv]sations2 on an ,oa?1 "o2 "o ( ,oratorical ,precepts2 "o on ,ri*es2 "o on ,poetry2 "o be+ a collection ( ,political1 ,e?ical1 ,physical1 & amatory ,problems2 "o book ( ,prov]bs2 "o book1 be+ a ,collection ( ,g5]al ,problems2 "o on ,problems 9 ,natural ,philosophy2 "o on ,example2 "o on ,proposition & ,exposition2 a second treatise on ,poetry2 "o on ! ,wise ,m52 "o on ,c\nsel2 "o on ,solecisms2 "o on ,rhetorical ,art1 a collection ( sixty-"o figures ( ,oratorical ,art2 "o book on ,hypocrisy2 six books ( a ,comm5t>y ( ,ari/otle or ,!ophra/us2 sixte5 books ( ,op9ions on ,natural ,philosophy2 "o book1 be+ an ,abridgm5t ( ,op9ions on ,natural ,philosophy2 "o on ,gratitude2 "o call$ ,moral ,*>act]s2 "o on ,tru? & ,falsehood2 six on ! ,hi/ory ( ,div9e ,?+s2 ?ree on ! ,gods2 f\r on ! ,hi/ory ( ,geometry2 six books1 be+ an ,abridgm5t ( ! "w ( ,ari/otle on ,animals2 two books ( ,epi*eiremes2 ?ree books ( ,propositions2 two on ,k+ly ,p[]2 "o on ,causes2 "o on ,democritus2 "o on ,calumny2 "o on ,g5]ation2 "o on ! ,intellect & ,moral ,"* ( ,animals2 two on ,motion2 f\r on ,sight2 two on ,def9itions2 "o on be+ giv5 9 ,m>riage2 "o on ! ,great] & ! ,less2 "o on ,music2 "o on ,div9e ,happ9ess2 "o address$ to ! ,philosoph]s ( ! ,academy2 "o ,exhortatory ,treatise2 "o discuss+ h[ a ,city may be be/ ,gov]n$2 "o call$ ,comm5t>ies2 "o on ! ,crat] ( ,m\nt ,etna 9 ,sicily2 "o on ,admitt$ ,facts2 "o on ,problems 9 ,natural ,hi/ory2 "o1 ,:at are ! ,diff]5t ,mann]s ( ,acquir+ ,k2 ?ree on ,tell+ ,lies2 "o book1 :i* is a preface to ! ,topics2 "o address$ to s*ylus2 six books ( a ,hi/ory ( ,a/ronomy2 "o book ( ! ,hi/ory ( ,ari?metic relat+ to ,increas+ ,numb]s2 "o call$ ! ,aci*>us2 "o on ,judicial ,disc\rses2 "o on ,calumny2 "o volume ( ,lett]s to ,a/ycreon1 ,phanias1 & ,nicanor2 "o book on ,piety2 "o call$ ! ,evias2 "o on ,circum/ances2 "o volume entitl$ ,famili> ,conv]sations2 "o on ! ,education ( ,*ildr52 ano!r on ! same subject1 discuss$ 9 a diff]5t mann]2 "o on ,education1 call$ also1 a treatise on ,virtue1 or on ,temp]ance2 "o book ( ,exhortations2 "o on ,numb]s2 "o consi/+ ( ,def9itions ref]r+ to ! ,enunciation ( ,syllogisms2 "o on ,heav52 two on ,politics2 two on ,nature1 on ,fruits1 & on ,animals4 ,& ^! works conta9 9 all two hundr$ & ?irty-two ?\s& n9e hundr$ & eight l9es4 ,^!1 !n1 are ! books :i* ,!ophra/us compos$4 ,,xiv4 ,i h also f\nd 8 w1 :i* is drawn up 9 ! foll[+ t]ms3-- ,may ?+s turn out well1 b if any?+ %\ld happ5 to me1 ,i make ! foll[+ disposition ( my prop]ty4 ,i give ev]y?+ t ,i h 9 my h\se to ,melantes & ,pancreon1 ! sons ( ,leon4 ,& ^? ?+s :i* h be5 giv5 to me by ,hipp>*us1 ,i wi% to be dispos$ ( 9 ! foll[+ mann]3--,fir/ ( all1 ,i wi% ev]y?+ ab\t ! ,museum#di & ! /atue ( ! goddesses to be made p]fect1 & to be adorn$ 9 a /ill m beautiful mann] ?an at pres5t1 :]e9 !re is room = improvem5t4 ,!n ,i desire ! /atue ( ,ari/otle to be plac$ 9 ! temple1 & all ! o!r (f]+s :i* 7 9 ! temple be=e4 ,!n ,i desire ! colonnade :i* us$ to be ne> ! ,museum to be rebuilt 9 a mann] n inf]ior to ! previ\s "o4 ,i also enjo9 my executors to put up ! tablets on :i* ! maps ( ! e>? are drawn1 9 ! l[] colonnade1 & to take c>e t an alt> is f9i%$ 9 su* a mann] t no?+ may be want+ to its p]fectness or its beauty4 ,i also direct a /atue ( ,nicoma*us1 ( equal size1 to be erect$ at ! same "t2 & ! price = mak+ ! /atue has be5 already paid to ,praxiteles2 & he is to contribute :at is want+ = ! exp5se4 ,& ,i desire t x %all be plac$ :]ev] x %all seem be/ to ^? :o h ! *>ge ( provid+ = ! execution ( ! o!r injunctions conta9$ 9 ?is w4 ,& ^! are my ord]s respect+ ! temple & ! (f]+s4 ,! e/ate :i* ,i h at ,/agira1 ,i give to ,call9us1 & all my books ,i bequea? to ,neleus4 ,my g>d51 & my prom5ade1 & my h\ses :i* jo9 ! g>d51 ,i give all ( !m to any ( ! fri5ds ^: names ,i set d[n bel[1 :o *oose to hold a s*ool 9 !m & to devote !mselves to ! /udy ( philosophy1 s9ce x is n possible = any "o to be always travell+1 b ,i give !m on condition t !y are n to ali5ate !m1 & t no "o is to claim !m z 8 own private prop]ty2 b !y are to use !m 9 common z if !y 7 sacr$ gr\nd1 %>+ !m ) "o ano!r 9 a k9dr$ & fri5dly _s1 z is reasonable & j4 ,& ^? :o are to h ?is jo9t prop]ty 9 !m are ,hipp>*us1 ,neleus1 ,/rato1 ,call9us1 ,demotimus1 ,dem>atus1 ,calli/h5es1 ,melantes1 ,pancreon1 & ,nicippus4 ,& ,ari/otle1 ! son ( ,metrodorus & ,py?ias1 %all also be entitl$ to a %>e 9 ?is prop]ty1 if he l to jo9 ^! m5 9 ! /udy ( philosophy4 ,& ,i beg ! old] m5 to pay great att5tion to 8 education t he may be l$ on to philosophy z mu* z possible4 ,i also desire my executors to bury me 9 :atev] "p ( ! g>d5 %all appe> mo/ suitable1 incurr+ no sup]flu\s exp5se ab\t my fun]al or monum5t4 ,&1 z has be5 said be=e1 aft] ! prop] hon\rs h be5 paid to me1 & aft] provision has be5 made = ! execution ( my w z f> z relates to ! temple1 & ! monum5t1 & ! g>d51 & ! prom5ade1 !n ,i enjo9 t ,pamphylus1 :o dwells 9 ! g>d51 %all keep x & ev]y?+ else 9 ! condition z x has be5 9 hi!rto4 ,& ^? :o are 9 possession ( ^! ?+s are to take c>e ( 8 int]e/s4 ,i fur!r bequea? to ,pamphylus & ,?reptes1 :o h be5 "s "t emancipat$1 & :o h be5 ( great s]vice to me1 besides all t !y h previ\sly receiv$ f me1 & all t !y may h e>n$ = !mselves1 & all t ,i h provid$ = be+ giv5 !m by ,hipp>*us1 two ?\s& dra*mas1 & ,i enjo9 t !y %\ld h !m 9 firm & secure possession1 z ,i h (t5 said to !m1 & to ,melantes & ,pancreon1 & !y h agre$ to provide = ?is my w tak+ effect4 ,i also give !m ! little h&maid ,somatale2 & ( my slaves1 ,i ratify ! emancipation ( ,molon1 & ,cimon1 & ,p>m5on :i* ,i h already giv5 !m4 ,& ,i h]eby give _! lib]ty to ,manes & ,callias1 :o h rema9$ f\r ye>s 9 ! g>d51 & h work$ 9 x1 & h conduct$ !mselves 9 an unimpea*able mann]4 ,& ,i direct t my executors %all give ,pamphylus z mu* ( my h\sehold furniture z may seem to !m to be prop]1 & %all sell ! re/4 ,& ,i give ,c>ion to ,demotimus1 & ,donax to ,neleus4 ,i ord] ,eubius to be sold1 & ,i reque/ ,hipp>*us to give ,call9us ?ree ?\s& dra*mas4 ,& if ,i _h n se5 ! great s]vice t ,hipp>*us has be5 to me 9 =m] times1 & ! emb>rass$ /ate ( 8 affairs at pres5t1 ,i %\ld h associat$ ,melantes & ,pancreon ) him 9 ^! gifts4 ,b z ,i see t x w\ld n be easy = !m to arrange to manage ! prop]ty toge!r1 ,i h ?\ght x likely to be m advantage\s = !m to receive a fix$ sum f ,hipp>*us4 ,!re=e1 let ,hipp>*us pay to ,melantes & to ,pancreon a tal5t a-piece2 & let him also pay to my executors ! money necess>y = ! exp5ses :i* ,i h "h set d[n 9 my w1 z x %all require to be exp5d$4 ,& :5 he has done ?is1 !n ,i w t he %all be dis*>g$ ( all debts due f him to me or to my e/ate4 ,& if any pr(it %all accrue to him 9 ,*alcis1 f prop]ty belong+ to me1 x %all be all 8 own4 ,my executors1 = all ! duties provid$ = 9 ?is w1 %all be ,hipp>*us1 ,neleus1 ,/rato1 ,call9us1 ,demotimus1 ,calli/h5es1 & ,ctes>*us4 ,& ?is my w is copi$ out1 & all ! copies are seal$ ) ! seal-r+ ( me1 ,!ophra/us2 "o copy is 9 ! h&s ( ,hegesias ! son ( ,hipp>*us2 ! witnesses !reto are ,callippus ( ,pall5e1 ,philomelus ( ,euonymus1 ,lys&] ( ,hybas1 & ,philion ( ,alopece4 ,ano!r copy is deposit$ ) ,olympiodorus1 & ! witnesses are ! same4 ,a ?ird copy is "u ! c>e ( ,adimantus1 & x 0 convey$ to him by ,&ro/h5es1 8 son4 ,! witnesses to t copy are ,arimne/us ! son ( ,cleobulus1 ,lysi/ratus ( ,?asos1 ! son ( ,phidon2 ,/rato ( ,lampsacus1 ! son ( ,arcesilaus2 ,!sippus ( ,c]ami1 ! son ( ,!sippus2 ,dioscorides ( ! banks ( ! ,cephisus1 ! son ( ,dionysius4--,?is 0 8 w4 ,,xv4 ,"s writ]s h /at$ t ,erasi/ratus1 ! physician1 0 a pupil ( 82 & x is v likely4 ,,life ,,( ,,/rato4 ,i4 ,!ophra/us 0 succe$$ 9 ! presid5cy ( 8 s*ool by ,/rato ( ,lampsacus1 ! son ( ,arcesilaus1 ( :om he _h made m5tion 9 8 w4 ,,ii4 ,he 0 a man ( great em95ce1 surnam$ ! ,natural ,philosoph]1 f 8 surpass+ all m5 9 ! dilig5ce ) :i* he appli$ himself to ! inve/igation ( matt]s ( t nature4 ,,iii4 ,he 0 also ! preceptor ( ,ptolemy ,philadelphus1 & receiv$ f him1 z x is said1 eighty tal5ts2 & he began to preside ov] ! s*ool1 z ,apollodorus tells u 9 8 ,*ronicles1 9 ! hundr$ & tw5ty-?ird olympiad1 & cont9u$ 9 t po/ = eighte5 ye>s4 ,,iv4 ,!re are extant ?ree books ( 8 on ,k+ly ,p[]2 ?ree on ,ju/ice2 ?ree on ! ,gods2 ?ree on ,beg9n+s2 & "o on ea* ( ! subjects ( ,happ9ess1 ,philosophy1 ,manly ,c\rage1 ! ,vacuum1 ,heav51 ,_s1 ,human ,nature1 ! ,g5]ation ( ,animals1 ,mixtures1 ,sleep1 ,dreams1 ,sight1 ,p]ception1 ,pleasure1 ,col\rs1 ,diseases1 ,judgm5ts1 ,p[]s1 ,metallic ,works1 ,hung]1 & ,dimness ( ,sight1 ,lightness & ,heav9ess1 ,en?usiasm1 ,pa91 ,n\ri%m5t & ,gr[?1 ,animals ^: ,exi/5ce is ,d\bt$1 ,fabul\s ,animals1 ,causes1 a ,solution ( ,d\bts1 a preface to ,topics2 !re are1 also1 treatises on ,cont+5cies1 on ! ,def9ition1 on ! ,m & ,less1 on ,inju/ice1 on ,=m] & ,lat]1 on ! ,prior ,g5us1 on ,prop]ty1 on ! ,future4 ,!re are1 also1 two books call$ ! ,exam9ation ( ,inv5tions2 ! ,g5u95ess ( ! ,comm5t>ies attribut$ to him1 is d\bt$4 ,!re is a volume ( ,epi/les1 :i* beg9s ?us3 8,/rato wi%es ,ars9oe prosp]ity40 ,v4 ,!y say t he became s ?9 & weak1 t he di$ )\t its be+ p]ceiv$4 ,& !re is an epigram ( ours ^u him 9 ! foll[+ t]ms3-- ,! man 0 ?91 believe me1 f ! use ,( frequ5t ungu5ts2 ,/rato 0 8 "n1 ,a citiz5 ( ,lampsacus2 he /ruggl$ long ,) fell disease1 & di$ at la/ unnotic$4 ,,vi4 ,!re 7 eight p ( ! "n ( ,/rato4 ,! fir/ 0 a pupil ( ,isocrates2 ! second 0 ! man ( :om we h be5 speak+2 ! ?ird 0 a physician1 a pupil ( ,erasi/ratus1 or1 z "s ass]t1 a fo/]-*ild ( 82 ! f\r? 0 an hi/orian1 :o wrote a hi/ory ( ! ,a*ievem5ts ( ,philip & ,p]ses 9 _! w>s aga9/ ! ,romans4''' ,! six? 0 an epigrammatic poet2 ! sev5? 0 an anci5t physician1 z ,ari/otle tells u2 ! eigh? 0 a ,p]ipatetic philosoph]1 :o liv$ 9 ,alex&ria4 ,,vii4 ,b ! w1 too1 ( ?is natural philosoph] is extant1 & x is c\*$ 9 ! foll[+ language3--8,if any?+ happ5s to me1 ,i make ?is disposition ( my prop]ty4 ,i leave all my prop]ty 9 my h\se to ,lampyrion & ,arcesilaus2 & ) ! money :i* ,i h at ,a!ns1 9 ! fir/ place1 let my executors provide = my fun]al & = all o!r cu/om>y exp5ses2 )\t do+ any?+ extravagant1 or1 on ! o!r h&1 any?+ mean4 ,& ! foll[+ %all be my executors1 accord+ to ?is my w3 ,olympi*us1 ,ari/ides1 ,mnesig5es1 ,hippocrates1 ,epicrates1 ,gorgylus1 ,diocles1 ,lycon1 & ,a?anes4 ,& my s*ool ,i leave to ,lycon1 s9ce ( ! o!rs "s are too old1 & o!rs too busy4 ,& ! re/ w d well1 if !y ratify ?is arrangem5t ( m9e4 ,i also bequea? to him all my books1 except su* z we h writt5 ourselves2 & all my furniture 9 ! d9+-room1 & ! c\*es1 & ! dr9k+ cups4 ,& let my executors give ,epicrates five hundr$ dra*mas1 & "o ( my slaves1 accord+ to ! *oice made by ,arcesilaus4 ,& fir/ ( all1 let ,lampyrion & ,arcesilaus cancel ! engagem5ts :i* ,daippus has ent]$ into = ,iru4 ,& let him be acquitt$ ( all obligation to ,lampyrion or ! heirs ( ,lampyrion2 & let him also be dis*>g$ f any bond or note ( h& he may h giv54 ,& let my executors give him five hundr$ dra*mas ( silv]1 & "o ( my slaves1 :i*ev] ,arcesilaus may approve1 9 ord] t1 z he has done me great s]vice1 & co-op]at$ ) me 9 _m ?+s1 he may h a compet5cy1 & be enabl$ to live dec5tly4 ,& ,i give _! fre$om to ,diophantus1 & ,diocles1 & ,abus4 ,simias ,i give to ,arcesilaus4 ,i also give 8 fre$om to ,dromo4 ,& :5 ,arcesilaus arrives1 let ,iru calculate ) ,olympi*us & ,epicrates1 & ! re/ ( my executors1 ! am\nt t has be5 exp5d$ on my fun]al & on o!r cu/om>y exp5ses4 ,& let ! money t rema9s1 be paid ov] to ,arcesilaus by ,olympi*us1 :o %all give him no tr\ble1 z to ! "t or mann] ( paym5t4 ,& ,arcesilaus %all dis*>ge ! engagem5ts :i* ,/rato has ent]$ into ) ,olympi*us & ,am9ias1 :i* are pres]v$ 9 writ+ 9 ! c>e ( ,philocrates1 ! son ( ,tisam5us4 ,& ) respect to my monum5t1 let !m d :atev] seems good to ,arcesilaus1 & ,olympi*us1 & ,lycon40 ,?is is 8 w1 :i* is /ill extant1 z ,ari/o1 ! ,*ian1 has collect$ & publi%$ x4 ,,viii4 ,& ?is ,/rato 0 a man1 z has be5 %[n above1 ( des]v$ly great popul>ity2 hav+ devot$ himself to ! /udy ( e k9d ( philosophy1 & especially ( t bran* ( x call$ natural philosophy1 :i* is "o ( ! mo/ anci5t & important bran*es ( ! :ole4 ,,life ,,( ,,lycon4 ,i4 ,he 0 succe$$ by ,lycon1 a native ( ! ,troas1 ! son ( ,a/yanax1 a man ( great eloqu5ce1 & ( especial ability 9 ! education ( y\?4 ,= he us$ to say t x 0 fit = boys to be h>ness$ ) mode/y & rivalry1 z mu* z = horses to be equipp$ ) a spur & a bridle4 ,& 8 eloqu5ce & en]gy 9 speak+ is app>5t1 f ?is in/ance4 ,= he speaks ( a virg9 :o 0 poor 9 ! foll[+ mann]3--8,a damsel1 :o1 = want ( a d[ry1 goes beyond ! seasonable age1 is a heavy burd5 to h] fa!r20 on :i* acc\nt !y say t ,antigonus said ) ref]5ce to him1 t ! sweetness & beauty ( an apple c\ld n be transf]r$ to any?+ else1 b t "o might see1 9 ! case ( ?is man1 all ^! excell5cies1 9 z great p]fection z on a tree2 & he said ?is1 because he 0 a surpass+ly sweet speak]4 ,on :i* acc\nt1 "s p prefix$ a to 8 "n4#ej ,b z a writ]1 he 0 v unequal to 8 reputation4 ,& he us$ to je/ 9 a c>eless way1 ^u ^? :o rep5t$ t !y _h n le>nt :5 !y _h ! opportunity1 & :o n[ wi%$ t !y _h done s1 say+1 said t !y 7 accus+ !mselves1 %[+ by a pray] :i* c\ld n possibly be accompli%$1 _! misplac$ rep5tance = _! idl5ess4 ,he us$ also to say1 t ^? :o delib]at$ )\t com+ to a "r conclusion1 err$ 9 _! calculations1 l m5 :o inve/igate a correct nature by an incorrect /&>d1 or :o look at a face 9 di/urb$ wat]1 or a di/ort$ mirror4 ,ano!r ( 8 say+s 01 t _m m5 g 9 pursuit ( ! cr[n to be won 9 ! =um1 b few or none seek to atta9 ! "o to be ga9$ at ! ,olympic games4 ,,ii4 ,& z he 9 _m in/ances gave mu* advice to ! ,a!nians1 he 0 ( exce$+ly great s]vice to !m4 ,,iii4 ,he 0 also a p]son ( great neatness 9 8 dress1 we>+ g>m5ts ( an unsurpassable delicacy1 z we are told by ,h]mippus4 ,he 0 at ! same "t exce$+ly devot$ to ! ex]cises ( ! ,gymnasium1 & a man :o 0 always 9 excell5t condition z to 8 body1 display+ e quality ( an a?lete 7?\gh ,antigonus ( ,c>y/us1 pret5ds t he 0 bruis$ ab\t ! e>s & dirty72 & 9 8 own c\ntry he is said to h wre/l$ & play$ at ball at ! ,ilian games4 ,,iv4 ,& he 0 exce$+ly belov$ by ,eum5es & ,attalus1 :o made him great pres5ts2 & ,antigonus also tri$ to s$uce him to 8 c\rt1 b 0 disappo9t$4 ,& he 0 s great an enemy to ,hi]onymus ! ,p]ipatetic1 t he 0 ! only p]son :o w\ld n g to see him on ! anniv]s>y fe/ival :i* he us$ to celebrate1 & :i* we h m5tion$ 9 our life ( ,arcesilaus4 ,v4 ,& he presid$ ov] 8 s*ool =ty-f\r ye>s1 z ,/rato _h left x to him 9 8 w1 9 ! hundr$ & tw5ty-sev5? olympiad4 ,,vi4 ,he 0 also a pupil ( ,pan?oides1 ! dialectician4 ,,vii4 ,he di$ :5 he 0 sev5ty-f\r ye>s ( age1 hav+ be5 a great suff]] ) ! g\t1 & !re is an epigram ( ours ^u him3-- ,nor %all wise ,lycon be =gott51 :o ,di$ ( ! g\t1 & mu* ,i wond] at x4 ,= he :o ne'er be=e c\ld walk alone1 ,w5t ! long road to hell 9 a s+le night4 ,,viii4 ,!re 7 sev]al p ( ! "n ( ,lycon4 ,! fir/ 0 a ,py?agorean2 ! second 0 ?is man ( :om we are speak+2 ! ?ird 0 an epic poet2 ! f\r? 0 an epigrammatic poet4 ,,ix4 ,i h fall5 9 ) ! foll[+ w ( ?is philosoph]4 8,i make ! foll[+ disposition ( my prop]ty2 if ,i am unable to )/& ?is disease3--,all ! prop]ty 9 my h\se ,i leave to my bro!rs ,a/yanax & ,lycon2 & ,i ?9k t !y ought to pay all t ,i owe at ,a!ns1 & t ,i may h borr[$ f any "o1 & also all ! exp5ses t may be incurr$ = my fun]al1 & = o!r cu/om>y solemnities4 ,& all t ,i h 9 ! city1 or 9 g9a1 ,i give to ,lycon because he be>s ! same "n t ,i d1 & because he has sp5t ! great] "p ( 8 life ) me1 %[+ me ! greate/ affection1 z x 0 fitt+ t he %\ld d1 s9ce he 0 9 ! place ( a son to me4 ,& ,i leave my g>d5 walk to ^? ( my fri5ds :o l to use x2 to ,bulon1 & ,call9us1 & ,ari/on1 & ,amphion1 & ,lycon1 & ,py?on1 & ,ari/oma*us1 & ,h]acleus1 & ,lycom$es1 & ,lycon my nephew4 ,& ,i desire t !y w elect z presid5t him :om !y ?9k mo/ likely to rema9 atta*$ to ! pursuit ( philosophy1 & mo/ capable ( hold+ ! s*ool toge!r4 ,& ,i entreat ! re/ ( my fri5ds to acquiesce 9 _! election1 = my sake & t ( ! place4 ,& ,i desire t ,bulon1 & ,call9us1 & ! re/ ( my fri5ds w manage my fun]al & ! burn+ ( my body1 s t my obsequies may n be ei!r mean or extravagant4 ,& ! prop]ty :i* ,i h 9 g9a %all be divid$ by ,lycon aft] my decease among ! "y m5 !re1 = ! purpose ( ano9t+ !mselves1 9 ord] t ! memory ( me & ( him :o hon\r$ me1 & :o %[$ 8 affection by useful pres5ts1 may be long pres]v$4 ,& let him erect a /atue ( me2 & z = ! place = x1 ,i desire t ,diophantus & ,h]aclides ! son ( ,demetrius1 %all select t1 & take c>e t x be suitable = ! propos$ erection4 ,) ! prop]ty t ,i h 9 ! city let ,lycon pay all ! p ( :om ,i h borr[$ any?+ s9ce 8 dep>ture2 & let ,bulon & ,call9us jo9 him 9 ?is1 & also 9 dis*>g+ all ! exp5ses incurr$ = my fun]al1 & = all o!r cu/om>y solemnities1 & let him d$uct ! am\nt f ! funds :i* ,i h left 9 my h\se1 & bequea!d to !m bo? 9 common4 ,let him also pay ! physicians1 ,pasi!mis & ,m$ias1 m5 :o1 = _! att5tion to me & = _! skill1 are v des]v+ ( /ill great] hon\r4 ,& ,i give to ! son ( ,call9us my pair ( ,!riclean cups2 & to 8 wife ,i give my pair ( ,rhodian cups1 & my smoo? c>pet1 & my d\ble c>pet1 & my curta9s1 & ! two be/ pill[s ( all t ,i leave beh9d me2 s t z f> z ! complim5t goes1 ,i may be se5 n to h =gott5 !m4 ,& ) respect to ^? :o h be5 my s]vants1 ,i make ! foll[+ disposition3--,to ,demetrius :o has long be5 fre$1 ,i remit ! price ( 8 fre$om1 & ,i fur!r give five m91 & a cloak1 & a tunic1 t z he has a great deal ( tr\ble ab\t me1 he may pass ! re/ ( 8 life com=tably4 ,to ,criton1 ! ,*alc$onian1 ,i also remit ! price ( 8 fre$om1 & ,i fur!r give him f\r m94 ,micrus ,i h]eby pres5t ) 8 fre$om2 & ,i desire ,lycon to ma9ta9 him1 & in/ruct him = six ye>s f ! pres5t "t4 ,i also give 8 fre$om to ,*>es1 & desire ,lycon to ma9ta9 him4 ,& ,i fur!r give him two m91 & all my books t are publi%$2 b ^? :i* are n publi%$1 ,i give to ,call9us1 t he may publi% !m ) due c>e4 ,i also give to ,syrus1 :om ,i h already emancipat$1 f\r m91 & ,m5odora2 & if he owes me any?+ ,i acquit him ( ! debt4 ,& ,i give to ,hil>as f\r m91 & a d\ble c>pet1 & two pill[s1 & a curta91 & any c\* :i* he *ooses to select4 ,i also h]eby emancipate ! "m ( ,micrus1 & ,noemon1 & ,dion1 & ,!on1 & ,euphranor1 & ,h]meas2 & ,i desire t ,aga?on %all h 8 fre$om :5 he has s]v$ two ye>s long]2 & t ,ophelion1 & ,poseideon1 my litt]-be>]s1 %all h !irs :5 !y h wait$ f\r ye>s m4 ,i also give to ,demetrius1 & ,criton1 & ,syrus1 a c\* a piece1 & cov]lets f ^? :i* ,i leave beh9d me1 accord+ to ! selection :i* ,lycon is h]eby au?oris$ to make4 ,& ^! are to be _! rew>ds = hav+ p]=m$ ! duties to :i* !y 7 appo9t$ well4 ,conc]n+ my burial1 let ,lycon d z he pleases1 & bury me "h or at home1 j z he likes2 = ,i am sure t he has ! same reg>d = propriety t ,i myself h4 ,& ,i give all ! ?+s h]e9 m5tion$1 9 ! confid5ce t he w arrange ev]y?+ prop]ly4 ,! witnesses to ?is my w are ,call9us ( ,h]mione1 ,ari/on ( ,ceos1 & ,euphronius ( ,pania40 ,z he !n 0 ?or\ghly wise 9 ev]y?+ relat+ to education1 & e bran* ( philosophy1 he 0 no less prud5t & c>eful 9 ! fram+ ( 8 w4 ,s t 9 ?is respect too he des]ves to be admir$ & imitat$4 ,,life ,,( ,,demetrius4 ,i4 ,demetrius 0 a native ( ,phal]us1 & ! son ( ,phano/ratus4 ,he 0 a pupil ( ,!ophra/us4 ,,ii4 ,& z a lead] ( ! p at ,a!ns he gov]n$ ! city = t5 ye>s1 & 0 hon\r$ ) ?ree hundr$ & sixty braz5 /atues1 ! great] "p ( :i* 7 eque/rian2 & "s 7 plac$ 9 c>riages or 9 pair-horse *>iots1 & ! entire numb] 7 f9i%$ )9 ?ree hundr$ days1 s great 0 ! zeal ) :i* !y 7 work$ at4 ,& ,demetrius1 ! ,magnesian1 9 8 treatise on ,p ( ! same ,"n1 says t he began to be ! lead] ( ! commonweal?1 :5 ,h>palus arriv$ 9 ,a!ns1 hav+ fl$ f ,alex&]4 ,& he gov]n$ 8 c\ntry = a long "t 9 a mo/ admirable mann]4 ,= he aggr&is$ ! city by increas$ rev5ues & by new build+s1 al?\gh he 0 a p]son ( no di/9ction by bir?4 ,,iii4 ,?\gh ,phavor9us1 9 ! fir/ book ( 8 ,comm5t>ies1 ass]ts t he 0 ( ! family ( ,conon4 ,,iv4 ,he liv$ ) a citiz5 ( noble bir?1 nam$ ,lamia1 z 8 mi/ress1 z ! same au?or tells u 9 8 fir/ book4 ,v4 ,aga91 9 8 second book he tells u t ,demetrius 0 ! slave ( ! debau*]ies ( ,cleon4 ,,vi4 ,didymus1 9 8 ,banquets1 says t he 0 call$ 1 or ,beautiful ,ey$1 & ,lampeto1 by "s c\rtesan4 ,,vii4 ,x is said t he lo/ 8 eye-sight 9 ,alex&ria1 & recov]$ x aga9 by ! fav\r ( ,s]apis2 on :i* acc\nt he compos$ ! pans :i* are sung & spok5 ( z 8 composition to ?is day4 ,,viii4 ,he 0 held 9 ! greate/ hon\r among ! ,a!nians1 b nev]!less1 he f\nd 8 fame d>k5$ by envy1 :i* attacks e ?+2 = he 0 impea*$ by "s "o on a capital *>ge1 & z he did n appe>1 he 0 condemn$4 ,8 accus]s1 h[ev]1 did n become ma/]s ( 8 p]son1 b exp5d$ _! v5om on ! brass1 te>+ d[n 8 /atues & sell+ "s & ?r[+ o!rs into ! sea1 & "s !y cut up into *amb]-pots4 ,= ev5 ?is is /at$4 ,& "o /atue alone ( him is pres]v$ :i* is 9 ! ,acropolis4 ,b ,phavor9us 9 8 ,univ]sal ,hi/ory1 says t ! ,a!nians treat$ ,demetrius 9 ?is mann] at ! comm& ( ! k+2 & !y also impea*$ him z guilty ( illegality 9 8 adm9i/ration1 z ,phavor9us says4 ,b ,h]mippus says1 t aft] ! dea? ( ,cass&]1 he fe>$ ! enmity ( ,antigonus1 & on t acc\nt fl$ to ,ptolemy ,sot]2 & t he rema9$ at 8 c\rt = a long "t1 &1 among o!r pieces ( advice1 c\nsell$ ! k+ to make ov] ! k+dom to 8 sons by ,eurydice4 ,& z he w\ld n agree to ?is measure1 b gave ! cr[n to 8 son by ,b]5ice1 ?is latt]1 aft] ! dea? ( 8 fa!r1 comm&$ ,demetrius to be kept 9 prison until he %\ld come to "s det]m9ation ab\t him4 ,& !re he rema9$ 9 great despond5cy2 & :ile asleep on "o occasion1 he 0 bitt5 by an asp 9 ! h&1 & s he di$4 ,& he is buri$ 9 ! di/rict ( ,busiris1 ne> ,diospolis1 & we h writt5 ! foll[+ epigram on him3-- ,an asp1 ^: too? ( v5om dire 0 full1 ,did kill ! wise ,demetrius4 ,! s]p5t beam$ n light f out 8 eyes1 ,b d>k & lurid hell4 ,b ,h]aclides1 9 8 ,epitome ( ! ,successions ( ,sotion1 says t ,ptolemy wi%$ to transmit ! k+dom to ,philadelphus1 & t ,demetrius dissuad$ him f do+ s by ! argum5t1 8,if y give x to ano!r1 y w n h x y\rself40 ,& :5 ,m5&]1 ! comic poet1 _h an in=mation laid aga9/ him at ,a!ns 7= ?is is a /atem5t :i* ,i h he>d71 he 0 v ne>ly convict$1 = no o!r reason b t he 0 a fri5d ( ,demetrius4 ,he 01 h[ev]1 successfully def5d$ by ,telesphorus1 ! son-9-law ( ,demetrius4 ,,ix4 ,9 ! multitude ( 8 writ+s & ! numb] ( l9es :i* !y am\nt to1 he exce$$ ne>ly all ! ,p]ipatetics ( 8 day1 be+ a man ( great le>n+ & exp]i5ce on e subject4 ,& "s ( 8 writ+s are hi/orical1 "s political1 "s on poets1 "s rhetorical1 "s also are spee*es deliv]$ 9 public assemblies or on embassies2 !re are also collections ( sop's ,fables1 & _m o!r books4 ,!re are five volumes on ! ,legislation ( ,a!ns2 two on ,citiz5s ( ,a!ns2 two on ! ,managem5t ( ! ,p2 two on ,political ,sci5ce2 "o on ,laws2 two on ,rhetoric2 two on ,milit>y ,affairs2 two on ! ,iliad2 f\r on ! ,odyssey2 "o call$ ! ,ptolemy2 "o on ,love2 ! ,phdondas1 "o2 ! ,mdon1 "o2 ! ,cleon1 "o2 ! ,socrates1 "o2 ! ,artax]xes1 "o2 ! ,hom]ic1 "o2 ! ,ari/ides1 "o2 ! ,ari/oma*us1 "o2 ! ,exhortatory1 "o2 "o on ! ,con/itution2 "o on 8 ,t5 ,ye>s' ,gov]nm5t2 "o on ! ,ionians2 "o on ,ambassadors2 "o on ,good ,fai?2 "o on ,gratitude2 "o on ,futurity2 "o on ,greatness ( ,s\l2 "o on ,m>riage2 "o on ,op9ion2 "o on ,peace2 "o on ,laws2 "o on ,/udies2 "o on ,opportunity2 ! ,dionysius1 "o2 ! ,*alcidean1 "o2 ! ,maxims ( ! ,a!nians1 "o2 on ,antiphanes1 "o2 a ,hi/oric ,preface1 "o2 "o ,volume ( ,lett]s2 "o call$ an ,assembly on ,oa?2 "o on ,old ,age2 "o on ,ju/ice2 "o volume ( sop's ,fables2 "o ( ,apoph!gms4 ,8 /yle is philosophical1 comb9$ ) ! en]gy & impressiv5ess ( an orator4 ,x4 ,:5 he 0 told t ! ,a!nians _h ?r[n d[n 8 /atues1 he said1 8,b !y h n ?r[n d[n my virtues1 on acc\nt ( :i* !y erect$ !m40 ,he us$ to say t ! eyebr[s 7 n an insignificant "p ( a man1 = t !y 7 able to ov]%ad[ ! :ole life4 ,ano!r ( 8 say+s 0 t x 0 n ,plutus alone :o 0 bl9d1 b ,=tune also1 :o act$ z 8 guide4 ,ano!r1 t reason _h z mu* influ5ce on gov]nm5t1 z /eel _h 9 w>4 ,on "o occasion1 :5 he saw a debau*$ "y man1 he said1 8,!re is a squ>e ,m]cury ) a long robe1 a belly1 & a be>d40 ,x 0 a fav\rite say+ ( 81 t 9 ! case ( m5 elat$ ) pride "o ought to cut some?+ (f _! height1 & leave !m _! _s4 ,ano!r ( 8 apoph!gms 01 t at home "y m5 ought to %[ respect to _! p>5ts1 & 9 ! /reets to e "o :om !y met1 & 9 solit>y places to !mselves4 ,ano!r1 t fri5ds ought to come to o!rs 9 good =tune only :5 invit$1 b to ^? 9 di/ress ( _! own accord4 ,^! are ! *ief say+s attribut$ to him4 ,,xi4 ,!re 7 tw5ty p]sons ( ! "n ( ,demetrius1 ( suffici5t consid]ation to be entitl$ to m5tion4 ,fir/1 a ,*alc$onian1 an orator1 old] ?an ,?rasyma*us2 ! second1 ?is p]son ( :om we are speak+2 ! ?ird 0 a ,byzant9e1 a ,p]ipatetic philosoph]2 ! f\r? 0 a man surnam$ ,graphicus1 a v eloqu5t lectur]1 & also a pa9t]2 ! fif? 0 a native ( ,asp5dus1 a disciple ( ,apollonius1 ( ,soli2 ! six? 0 a native ( ,calatia1 :o wrote tw5ty books ab\t ,asia & ,europe2 ! sev5? 0 a ,byzant9e1 :o wrote an acc\nt ( ! cross+ ( ! ,gauls f ,europe into ,asia1 9 ?irte5 books1 & ! ,hi/ory ( ,antio*us & ,ptolemy1 & _! ,adm9i/ration ( ! ,affairs ( ,africa1 9 eight m2 ! eigh? 0 a ,sophi/ :o liv$ 9 ,alex&ria1 & :o wrote a treatise on ,rhetorical ,art2 ! n9? 0 a native ( ,adramyttium1 a gramm>ian1 :o 0 nick-nam$ ,ixion1 9 allusion to "s crime he _h committ$ aga9/ ,juno2 ! t5? 0 a ,cyr5ean1 a gramm>ian1 :o 0 surnam$ ,/amnus1#ea a v di/+ui%$ man2 ! elev5? 0 a ,scepsian1 a ri* man ( noble bir?1 & ( great em95ce = le>n+4 ,he x 0 :o advanc$ ! =tunes ( ,metrodorus 8 fell[ citiz52 ! twelf? 0 a gramm>ian ( ,ery?r1 :o 0 made a citiz5 ( ,lemnos2 ! ?irte5? 0 a ,bi?ynian1 a son ( ,diphilus ! ,/oic1 & a disciple ( ,pantius ( ,rhodes2 ! f\rte5? 0 an orator ( ,smyrna4 ,all ( ^! 7 prose writ]s4 ,! foll[+ 7 poets3--,! fir/ a poet ( ! ,old ,com$y4 ,! second an ,epic poet1 :o has left no?+ beh9d him t has come d[n to u1 except ^! l9es :i* he wrote aga9/ "s envi\s p3-- ,!y disreg>d a man :ile /ill alive1 ,:om1 :5 he's dead1 !y hon\r2 cities pr\d1 ,& p[]ful nations1 h ) conte/ fi]ce1 ,f\ght o'er a tomb & unsub/antial %ade ,! ?ird 0 a native ( ,t>sus2 a writ] ( ,satires4 ,! f\r? 0 a compos] ( ,iambics1 a bitt] man4 ,! fif? 0 a /atu>y1 :o is m5tion$ by ,polemo4 ,! six? 0 a native ( ,ery?r1 a man :o wrote on v>i\s subjects1 & :o compos$ volumes ( hi/ories & relations4#eb ,,life ,,( ,,h]aclides4 ,i4 ,h]aclides 0 ! son ( ,eu?yphron1 & 0 born at ,h]aclea1 9 ,pontus2 he 0 also a weal?y man4 ,,ii4 ,aft] he came to ,a!ns1 he 0 at fir/ a disciple ( ,speusippus1 b he also att5d$ ! s*ools ( ! ,py?agorean philosoph]s1 & he adopt$ ! pr9ciples ( ,plato2 la/ ( all he became a pupil ( ,ari/otle1 z we are told by ,sotion 9 8 book entitl$ ! ,successions4 ,,iii4 ,he us$ to we> delicate g>m5ts1 & 0 a man ( great size1 s t he 0 nicknam$ by ! ,a!nians ,pompicus#ec in/ead ( ,ponticus4 ,b he 0 ( quiet mann]s & noble aspect4 ,,iv4 ,!re are sev]al books extant by him1 :i* are exce$+ly good & admirable4 ,!y are 9 ! =m ( dialogue2 "s be+ ,e?ical dialogues2 ?ree on ! subject ( ,ju/ice2 "o on ,temp]ance2 five on ,piety2 "o on ,manly ,c\rage2 "o1 & a second :i* is di/9ct f x1 on ,virtue2 "o on ,happ9ess2 "o on ,supremacy2 "o on ,laws & que/ions connect$ ) !m2 "o on ,names2 "o call$ ,cov5ants2 "o call$ ,! ,unwill+ ,lov]2 & ! ,cl9ias4 ,( ! physical dialogues1 "o is on ! ,m9d2 "o on ! ,s\l2 "o on ! ,s\l1 & ,nature & ,appe>ances2 "o address$ to ,democritus2 "o on ! ,heav5ly ,bodies2 "o on ! ,/ate ( ,?+s 9 ! ,%ades bel[2 two on ,lives2 "o on ! ,causes ( ,diseases2 "o on ! ,good2 "o on ! doctr9es ( ,z5o2 "o on ! ,doctr9es ( ,metron4 ,( 8 grammatical dialogues1 !re are two on ! ,age ( ,hom] & ,hesiod2 two on ,ar*ilo*us & ,hom]4 ,!re are "s on ,music too2 ?ree on ,euripides & ,sophocles1 & two on ,music4 ,!re are also two volumes1 ,solutions ( ,que/ions conc]n+ ,hom]2 "o on ,speculations2 "o1 ! ,?ree ,trag$ians2 "o volume ( ,*>act]s2 "o dialogue on ,poetry & ! ,poets2 "o on ,conjecture2 "o on ,=esight2 f\r1 be+ ,explanations ( ,h]aclitus2 "o1 ,explanations ) ref]5ce to ,democritus2 two books ( ,solutions ( ,disput$ ,po9ts2 "o1 ! ,axiom2 "o on ,species2 "o book ( ,solutions2 "o ( ,suppositions2 "o address$ to ,dionysius4 ,( rhetorical works1 !re is ! dialogue on ! be+ an ,orator1 or ! ,protagoras4 ,( hi/orical dialogues1 !re are "s on ! ,py?agoreans1 & on ,inv5tions4 ,( ^!1 "s he has drawn up aft] ! mann] ( ,comic writ]s2 z1 = in/ance1 ! "o ab\t ,pleasure1 & t ab\t ,temp]ance4 ,& "s 9 ! /yle ( ! ,trag$ians1 z1 = in/ance1 ! dialogues on ! ,/ate ( ,?+s 9 ! ,%ades bel[2 & "o on ,piety1 & t on ,supremacy4 ,& 8 /yle is a conv]sational & mod]ate "o1 suit$ to ! *>act]s ( philosoph]s & m5 occupi$ 9 ! milit>y or political affairs conv]s+ toge!r4 ,"s ( 8 works also are on ,geometry1 & on ,dialectics2 & 9 all ( !m he displays a v v>i$ & elevat$ /yle2 & he has great p[]s ( p]suasion4 ,v4 ,he appe>s to h deliv]$ 8 c\ntry :5 x 0 "u ! yoke ( tyrants1 by slay+ ! mon>*1 z ,demetrius ( ,magnesia tells u1 9 8 treatise on ,p ( ! ,same ,"n4 ,,vi4 ,& he gives ! foll[+ acc\nt ( him4 ,t he br\ght up a "y s]p5t1 & kept x till x grew l>ge2 & t :5 he 0 at ! po9t ( dea?1 he desir$ "o ( 8 fai?ful fri5ds to hide 8 body1 & to place ! s]p5t 9 8 b$1 t he might appe> to h migrat$ to ! ,gods4 ,& all ?is 0 done2 & :ile ! citiz5s 7 all att5d+ 8 fun]al & extoll+ 8 "*1 ! s]p5t he>+ ! noise1 crept out ( 8 clo!s & ?rew ! multitude into confusion4 ,& aft]w>ds ev]y?+ 0 reveal$1 & ,h]aclides 0 se51 n z he hop$ to h be51 b z he really 04 ,& we h writt5 an epigram on him :i* runs ?us3-- ,y wi%'d1 ,o ,h]aclides1 :5 y di$1 ,to leave a /range belief among mank9d1 ,t y1 :5 dead1 a s]p5t _h become4 ,b all y\r calculations 7 deceiv$1 ,= ?is y\r s]p5t 0 inde$ a bea/1 ,& y 7 ?us discov]$ & pron\nc$ ano!r4 ,& ,hippobotus gives ! same acc\nt4 ,b ,h]mippus says t once1 :5 a fam9e oppress$ ! l&1 ! p ( ,h]aclea consult$ ! ,py?ian oracle = ! way to get rid ( x2 & t ,h]aclides corrupt$ ! ambassadors :o 7 s5t to consult ! oracle1 & also ! prie/ess1 ) bribes2 & t %e answ]$ t !y w\ld obta9 a deliv]ance f _! di/resses1 if ,h]aclides1 ! son ( ,eu?yphron1 0 pres5t$ by !m ) a gold5 cr[n1 & if :5 he 0 dead !y paid him hon\rs z a h]o4 ,accord+ly1 ?is answ] 0 br\ght back f ! oracle to ,h]aclea1 b !y :o br\ght x got no advantage f x2 = z soon z ,h]aclides _h be5 cr[n$ 9 ! !atre1 he 0 seiz$ ) apoplexy1 & ! ambassadors :o _h be5 s5t to consult ! oracle 7 /on$1 & s put to dea?2 & at ! v same mom5t ! ,py?ian prie/ess 0 go+ d[n to ! inn] %r9e1 & :ile /&+ !re 0 bitt5 by a s]p5t1 & di$ imm$iately4 ,?is !n is ! acc\nt giv5 ( 8 dea?4 ,,vii4 ,& ,ari/ox5us ! musician says1 t he compos$ trag$ies1 & inscrib$ !m ) ! "n ( ,!spis4 ,& ,*amleon says1 t he /ole essays f him on ! subject ( ,hom] & ,hesiod1 & publi%$ !m z 8 own4 ,& ,autodorus ! ,epicurean reproa*es him1 & contradicts all ! argum5ts :i* he advanc$ 9 8 treatise on ,ju/ice4 ,moreov]1 ,dionysius1 call$ ! ,des]t]1 or z "s say ,sp9?>us1 wrote a trag$y call$ ,p>!nopu1 & =g$ ! "n ( ,sophocles to x4 ,& ,h]aclides 0 s mu* deceiv$ t he took "s passages out ( "o ( 8 works1 & cit$ !m z ! words ( ,sophocles2 & ,dionysius1 :5 he p]ceiv$ x1 gave him notice ( ! real tru?2 & z he w\ld n believe x1 & d5i$ x1 he s5t him ^w to exam9e ! fir/ lett]s ( ! fir/ v]ses ( ! book1 & !y =m$ ! "n ( ,pancalus1 :o 0 a fri5d ( ,dionysius4 ,& z ,h]aclides /ill refus$ to believe x1 & said t x 0 possible t su* a ?+ might happ5 by *ance1 ,dionysius s5t him back ^w once m1 8,y w f9d ?is passage too3-- 8,an ag$ monkey is n easily caught2 ,he's caught inde$1 b only aft] a "t40 ,& he add$1 8,h]aclides kn[s no?+ ( lett]s1 & has no %ame40 ,,viii4 ,& !re 7 f\rte5 p]sons ( ! "n ( ,h]aclides4 ,fir/1 ?is man ( :om we are speak+2 ! second 0 a fell[ citiz5 ( 81 :o compos$ songs = ,pyrrhic dances1 & o!r trifles2 ! ?ird 0 a native ( ,cum1 :o wrote a hi/ory ( ! ,p]sian w> 9 five books2 ! f\r? 0 also a citiz5 ( ,cum1 :o 0 an orator1 & wrote a treatise on 8 art2 ! fif? 0 a native ( ,calatia or ,alex&ria1 :o wrote a ,succession 9 six books1 & a treatise on ,%ips1 f :i* he 0 call$ ,lembos2 ! six? 0 an ,alex&rian1 :o wrote an acc\nt ( ! peculi> habits ( ! ,p]sians2 ! sev5? 0 a dialectician ( ,b>gyleia1 :o wrote aga9/ ,epicurus2 ! eigh? 0 a physician1 a pupil ( ,hicesius2 ! n9? 0 a physician ( ,t>5tum1 a man ( great skill2 ! t5? 0 a poet1 :o wrote ,precepts2 ! elev5? 0 a sculptor ( ,phoca2 ! twelf? 0 an ,epigrammatic poet ( consid]able beauty2 ! ?irte5? 0 a ,magnesian1 :o wrote a hi/ory ( ! reign ( ,mi?ridates2 ! f\rte5? 0 an a/ronom]1 :o wrote a treatise on ,a/ronomy4 ,,book ,,vi4 ,,life ,,( ,,anti/h5es4 ,i4 ,anti/h5es 0 an ,a!nian1 ! son ( ,anti/h5es4 ,& he 0 said n to be a legitimate ,a!nian2 9 ref]5ce to :i* he said to "s "o :o 0 reproa*+ him ) ! circum/ance1 8,! "m ( ! ,gods too is a ,phrygian20 = he 0 ?\ght to h _h a ,?racian "m4 ,on :i* acc\nt1 z he _h borne himself bravely 9 ! battle ( ,tanagra1 he gave occasion to ,socrates to say t ! son ( two ,a!nians c\ld n h be5 s brave4 ,& he himself1 :5 disp>ag+ ! ,a!nians :o gave !mselves great airs z hav+ be5 born out ( ! e>? itself1 said t !y 7 n m noble z f> z t w5t ?an snails & locu/s4 ,,ii4 ,orig9ally he 0 a pupil ( ,gorgias ! rhetorician2 ow+ to :i* circum/ance he employs ! rhetorical /yle ( language 9 8 ,dialogues1 especially 9 8 ,tru? & 9 8 ,exhortations4 ,& ,h]mippus says1 t he _h orig9ally int5d$ 9 8 address at ! assembly1 on acc\nt ( ! ,i/hmian games1 to attack & also to praise ! ,a!nians1 & ,!bans1 & ,lac$monians2 b t he aft]w>ds ab&on$ ! design1 :5 he saw t !re 7 a great _m spectators come f ^? cities4 ,aft]w>ds1 he atta*$ himself to ,socrates1 & made su* progress 9 philosophy :ile ) him1 t he advis$ all 8 own pupils to become 8 fell[ pupils 9 ! s*ool ( ,socrates4 ,& z he liv$ 9 ! ,piru1 he w5t up =ty furlongs to ! city e day1 9 ord] to he> ,socrates1 f :om he le>nt ! art ( endur+1 & ( be+ indiff]5t to ext]nal circum/ances1 & s became ! orig9al f\nd] ( ! ,cynic s*ool4 ,,iii4 ,& he us$ to argue t lab\r 0 a good ?+1 by adduc+ ! examples ( ! great ,h]cules1 & ( ,cyrus1 "o ( :i* he d]iv$ f ! ,greeks & ! o!r f ! b>b>ians4 ,,iv4 ,he 0 also ! fir/ p]son :o ev] gave a def9ition ( disc\rse1 say+1 8,disc\rse is t :i* %[s :at any?+ is or 040 ,& he us$ cont9ually to say1 8,i w\ld r g mad ?an feel pleasure40 ,&1 8,"o ought to atta* "o's self to su* wom5 z w ?ank "o = x40 ,he said once to a y\? f ,pontus1 :o 0 on ! po9t ( com+ to him to be 8 pupil1 & 0 ask+ him :at ?+s he want$1 8,y want a new book1 & a new p51 & a new tablet20--mean+ a new m9d4 ,& to a p]son :o ask$ him f :at c\ntry he _h bett] m>ry a wife1 he said1 8,if y m>ry a h&some woman1 %e w be common2#ed if an ugly woman1 %e w be a puni%m5t to y40 ,he 0 told once t ,plato spoke ill ( him1 & he repli$1 8,x is a royal privilege to d well1 & to be evil spok5 (40 ,:5 he 0 be+ initiat$ into ! my/]ies ( ,orpheus1 & ! prie/ said t ^? :o 7 initiat$ enjoy$ _m good ?+s 9 ! %ades bel[1 8,:y1 !n10 said he 8d n y die80 ,be+ once reproa*$ z n be+ ! son ( two free citiz5s1 he said1 8,& ,i am n ! son ( two p skill$ 9 wre/l+2 nev]!less1 ,i am a skilful wre/l]40 ,on "o occasion he 0 ask$ :y he _h b few disciples1 & said1 8,because ,i drove !m away ) a silv] rod40 ,:5 he 0 ask$ :y he reprov$ 8 pupils ) bitt] language1 he said1 8,physicians too use sev]e rem$ies = _! pati5ts40 ,once he saw an adult]] runn+ away1 & said1 8,o unhappy man6 h[ mu* dang] c\ld y h avoid$ = "o obol60 ,he us$ to say1 z ,hecaton tells u 9 8 ,apoph!gms1 8,t x 0 bett] to fall among cr[s1#ee ?an among flatt]]s2 = t !y only dev\r ! dead1 b ! o!rs dev\r ! liv+40 ,:5 he 0 ask$ :at 0 ! mo/ happy ev5t t c\ld take place 9 human life1 he said1 8,to die :ile prosp]\s40 ,on "o occasion "o ( 8 fri5ds 0 lam5t+ to him t he _h lo/ 8 memor&a1 & he said to him1 8,y ought to h writt5 !m on y\r m9d1 & n on pap]40 ,a fav\rite say+ ( 8 01 8,t envi\s p 7 dev\r$ by _! own disposition1 j z iron is by ru/40 ,ano!r 01 8,t ^? :o wi% to be immortal ought to live pi\sly & ju/ly40 ,he us$ to say too1 8,t cities 7 ru9$ :5 !y 7 unable to di/+ui% wor?less citiz5s f virtu\s ones40 ,on "o occasion he 0 be+ prais$ by "s wick$ m51 & said1 8,i am sadly afraid t ,i mu/ h done "s wick$ ?+40 ,"o ( 8 fav\rite say+s 01 8,t ! fell[%ip ( bro!rs ( "o m9d 0 /rong] ?an any =tifi$ city40 ,he us$ to say1 8,t ^? ?+s 7 ! be/ = a man to take on a j\rney1 :i* w\ld float ) him if he 7 %ipwreck$40 ,he 0 once reproa*$ = be+ intimate ) wick$ m51 & said1 8,physicians also live ) ^? :o are sick2 & yet !y d n cat* fev]s40 ,he us$ to say1 8t x 0 an absurd ?+ to clean a cornfield ( t>es1 & 9 w> to get rid ( bad soldi]s1 & yet n to rid "o's self 9 a city ( ! wick$ citiz5s40 ,:5 he 0 ask$ :at advantage he _h ev] d]iv$ f philosophy1 he repli$1 8,! advantage ( be+ able to conv]se ) myself40 ,at a dr9k+ p>ty1 a man once said to him1 8,give u a song10 & he repli$1 8,d y play u a tune on ! flute40 ,:5 ,diog5es ask$ him = a tunic1 he bade him fold 8 cloak4 ,he 0 ask$ on "o occasion :at le>n+ 0 ! mo/ necess>y1 & he repli$1 8,to unle>n "o's bad habits40 ,& he us$ to exhort ^? :o f\nd !mselves ill spok5 (1 to endure x m ?an !y w\ld any "o's ?r[+ /ones at !m4 ,he us$ to laugh at ,plato z conceit$2 accord+ly1 once :5 !re 0 a f9e procession1 see+ a horse neigh+1 he said to ,plato1 8,i ?9k y too w\ld be a v frisky horse30 & he said ?is all ! m1 because ,plato kept cont9ually prais+ ! horse4 ,at ano!r "t1 he _h gone to see him :5 he 0 ill1 & :5 he saw !re a di% 9 :i* ,plato _h be5 sick1 he said1 8,i see y\r bile !re1 b ,i d n see y\r conceit40 ,he us$ to advise ! ,a!nians to pass a vote t asses 7 horses2 &1 z !y ?\ght t irrational1 he said1 8,:y1 ^? :om y make g5]als h nev] le>nt to be really g5]als1 !y h only be5 vot$ su*40 ,a man said to him "o day1 8,_m p praise y40 8,:y1 :at evil10 said he1 8h ,i done80 ,:5 he turn$ ! r5t 9 8 cloak outside1 ,socrates see+ x1 said to him1 8,i see y\r vanity ?r\gh ! hole 9 y\r cloak40 ,on ano!r occasion1 ! "q 0 put to him by "s "o1 z ,phanias relates1 9 8 treatise on ! ,philosoph]s ( ! ,socratic s*ool1 :at a man c\ld d to %[ himself an hon\rable & a virtu\s man2 & he repli$1 8,if y att5d to ^? :o und]/& ! subject1 & le>n f !m t y ought to %un ! bad habits :i* y h40 ,"s "o 0 prais+ luxury 9 8 he>+1 & he said1 8,may ! *ildr5 ( my enemies be luxuri\s40 ,see+ a "y man place himself 9 a c>efully /udi$ attitude be=e a modell]1 he said1 8,tell me1 if ! brass c\ld speak1 on :at w\ld x pride itself80 ,& :5 ! "y man repli$1 8,on its beauty40 8,are y n !n10 said he1 8a%am$ to rejoice 9 ! same ?+ z an inanimate piece ( brass80 ,a "y man f ,pontus once promis$ to recollect him1 if a vessel ( salt fi% arriv$2 & s he took him ) him1 & also an empty bag1 & w5t to a woman :o sold meal1 & fill$ 8 sack & w5t away2 & :5 ! woman ask$ him to pay = x1 he said1 8,! "y man w pay y1 :5 ! vessel ( salt fi% comes home40 ,he x 0 :o appe>s to h be5 ! cause ( ,anytus's bani%m5t1 & ( ,meletus's dea?4 ,= hav+ met ) "s "y m5 ( ,pontus1 :o _h come to ,a!ns1 on acc\nt ( ! reputation ( ,socrates1 he took !m to ,anytus1 tell+ !m1 t 9 moral philosophy he 0 wis] ?an ,socrates2 & !y :o /ood by 7 indignant at ?is1 & drove him away4 ,& :5ev] he saw a woman beautifully adorn$1 he w\ld g (f to h] h\se1 & desire h] husb& to br+ =? 8 horse & 8 arms2 & !n if he _h su* ?+s1 he w\ld give him leave to indulge 9 luxury1 = t he _h ! means ( def5d+ himself2 b if he _h !m n1 !n he w\ld bid him /rip 8 wife ( h] ornam5ts4 ,v4 ,& ! doctr9es he adopt$ 7 ^!4 ,he us$ to insi/ t virtue 0 a ?+ :i* might be taught2 also1 t ! nobly born & virtu\sly dispos$1 7 ! same p2 = t virtue 0 ( itself suffici5t = happ9ess1 & 0 9 ne$ ( no?+1 except ! /r5g? ( ,socrates4 ,he also look$ ^u virtue z a species ( "w1 n want+ _m argum5ts1 or mu* in/ruction2 & he taught t ! wise man 0 suffici5t = himself2 = t ev]y?+ t belong$ to any "o else belong$ to him4 ,he consid]$ obscurity ( fame a good ?+1 & equally good ) lab\r4 ,& he us$ to say t ! wise man w\ld regulate 8 conduct z a citiz51 n accord+ to ! e/abli%$ laws ( ! /ate1 b accord+ to ! law ( virtue4 ,& t he w\ld m>ry = ! sake ( hav+ *ildr51 select+ ! mo/ beautiful woman = 8 wife4 ,& t he w\ld love h]2 = t ! wise man alone knew :at objects des]v$ love4 ,diocles also attributes ! foll[+ apoph!gms to him4 ,to ! wise man1 no?+ is /range & no?+ remote4 ,! virtu\s man is wor?y to be lov$4 ,good m5 are fri5ds4 ,x is "r to make ! brave & j "o's allies4 ,virtue is a weapon ( :i* a man _c be depriv$4 ,x is bett] to fight ) a few good m5 aga9/ all ! wick$1 ?an ) _m wick$ m5 aga9/ a few good m54 ,"o %\ld att5d to "o's enemies1 = !y are ! fir/ p]sons to detect "o's errors4 ,"o %\ld consid] a j man z ( m value ?an a relation4 ,virtue is ! same 9 a man z 9 a woman4 ,:at is good is hon\rable1 & :at is bad is disgraceful4 ,?9k ev]y?+ t is wick$1 =eign4 ,prud5ce is ! safe/ =tification2 = x c nei!r fall to pieces nor be betray$4 ,"o mu/ prep>e "o's self a =tress 9 "o's own impregnable ?\ghts4 ,,vi4 ,he us$ to lecture 9 ! ,gymnasium call$ ,cynos>ges1 n f> f ! gates2 & "s p say t x is f t place t ! sect got ! "n ( ,cynics4 ,& he himself 0 call$ ,haplocyon 7d[nright dog74 ,,vii4 ,he 0 ! fir/ p]son to set ! fa%ion ( d\bl+ 8 cloak1 z ,diocles says1 & he wore no o!r g>m5t4 ,& he us$ to c>ry a /ick & a wallet2 b ,nean!s says t he 0 ! fir/ p]son :o wore a cloak )\t fold+ x4 ,b ,sosicrates1 9 ! ?ird book ( 8 ,successions1 says t ,diodorus1 ( ,asp5dos1 let 8 be>d gr[1 & us$ to c>ry a /ick & a wallet4 ,,viii4 ,he is ! only "o ( all ! pupils ( ,socrates1 :om ,!opompus praises & speaks ( z clev]1 & able to p]suade :omsoev] he pleas$ by ! sweetness ( 8 conv]sation4 ,& ?is is pla91 bo? f 8 own writ+s1 & f ! ,banquet ( ,x5ophon4 ,he appe>s to h be5 ! f\nd] ( ! m manly ,/oic s*ool2 on :i* acc\nt ,a!nu1 ! epigrammati/1 speaks ?us ( !m3-- ,o ye1 :o le>n$ are 9 ,/oic fables1 ,ye :o consign ! wise/ ( all doctr9es ,to y\r mo/ sacr$ books2 y say t virtue ,is ! sole good2 = t alone c save ,! life ( man1 & /rongly f5c$ cities4 ,b if "s fancy pleasure _! be/ aim1 ,"o ( ! ,muses 'tis :o has conv9c'd !m4 ,he 0 ! orig9al cause ( ! apa?y ( ,diog5es1 & ! temp]ance ( ,crates1 & ! pati5ce ( ,z5o1 hav+ himself1 z x 71 laid ! f\ndations ( ! city :i* !y aft]w>ds built4 ,& ,x5ophon says1 t 9 8 conv]sation & society1 he 0 ! mo/ delightful ( m51 & 9 e respect ! mo/ temp]ate4 ,,ix4 ,!re are t5 volumes ( 8 writ+s extant4 ,! fir/ volume is t 9 :i* !re is ! essay on ,/yle1 or on ,figures ( ,spee*2 ! ,ajax1 or spee* ( ,ajax2 ! ,def5ce1 ( ,ore/es or ! treatise on ,lawy]s2 ! ,isographe1 or ! ,lysias & ,isocrates2 ! reply to ! "w ( ,isocrates1 entitl$ ! ,abs5ce ( ,witnesses4 ,! second volume is t 9 :i* we h ! treatise on ! ,nature ( ,animals2 on ! ,pro-creation ( ,*ildr51 or on ,m>riage1 an essay ( an amatory "*2 on ! ,sophi/s1 an essay ( a physiognomical "*2 on ,ju/ice & ,manly ,virtue1 be+ ?ree essays ( an hortatory "*2 two treatises on ,!ognis4 ,! ?ird volume conta9s a treatise on ! ,good2 on ,manly ,c\rage2 on ,law1 or ,political ,con/itutions2 on ,law1 or :at is ,hon\rable & ,j2 on ,fre$om & ,slav]y2 on ,good ,fai?2 on a ,gu>dian1 or on ,p]suasion2 on ,victory1 an economical essay4 ,! f\r? volume conta9s ! ,cyrus2 ! ,great] ,h]acles1 or a treatise on ,/r5g?4 ,! fif? volume conta9s ! ,cyrus1 or a treatise on ,k+ly ,p[]2 ! ,aspasia4 ,! six? volume is t 9 :i* !re is ! treatise ,tru?2 ano!r 7a disputati\s "o7 conc]n+ ,argu+2 ! ,sa?on1 or on ,contradiction1 9 ?ree p>ts2 & an essay on ,dialect4 ,! sev5? conta9s a treatise on ,education1 or ,names1 9 five books2 "o on ! ,use ( ,names1 or ! ,cont5ti\s ,man2 "o on ,que/ions & ,answ]s2 "o on ,op9ion & ,k1 9 f\r books2 "o on ,dy+2 "o on ,life & ,dea?2 "o on ^? :o are 9 ! ,%ades bel[2 "o on ,nature1 9 two books2 two books ( ,que/ions 9 ,natural ,philosophy2 "o essay1 call$ ,op9ions on ! ,cont5ti\s ,man2 "o book ( ,problems1 on ! subject ( ,le>n+4 ,! eigh? volume is t 9 :i* we f9d a treatise on ,music2 "o on ,int]pret]s2 "o on ,hom]2 "o on ,inju/ice & ,impiety2 "o on ,cal*as2 "o on a ,spy2 "o on ,pleasure4 ,! n9? book conta9s an essay on ! ,odyssey2 "o on ! ,magic ,w&2 ! ,m9]va1 or an essay on ,telema*us2 an essay on ,hel5 & ,p5elope2 "o on ,proteus2 ! ,cyclops1 be+ an essay on ,ulysses2 an essay on ! ,use ( ,w9e1 or on ,drunk5ness1 or on ! ,cyclops2 "o on ,circe2 "o on ,amphi>aus2 "o on ,ulysses & ,p5elope1 & also on ,ulysses' ,dog4 ,! t5? volume is occupi$ by ! ,h]acles1 or ,m$as2 ! ,h]cules1 or an ,essay on ,prud5ce or ,/r5g?2 ! ,"l or ! ,lov]2 ! ,"l or ! ,spies2 ! ,m5ex5us1 or an essay on ,gov]n+2 ! ,alcibiades2 ! ,ar*elaus1 or an essay on ,k+ly ,p[]4 ,^! !n are ! names ( 8 works4 ,& ,timon1 rebuk+ him because ( _! great numb]1 call$ him a univ]sal *att]]4 ,x4 ,he di$ ( "s disease2 & :ile he 0 ill ,diog5es came to visit him1 & said to him1 8,h y no ne$ ( a fri5d80 ,once too he came to see him ) a sword 9 8 h&2 & :5 ,anti/h5es said1 8,:o c deliv] me f ?is suff]+80 he1 po9t+ to ! sword1 said1 8,?is c20 ,b he rejo9$1 8,i said f suff]+1 b n f life20 = he seem$ to be> 8 disease ! m calmly f 8 love ( life4 ,& !re is an epigram on him writt5 by ourselves1 :i* runs ?us3-- ,9 life y 7 a bitt] dog1 ,anti/h5es1 ,born to bite p's m9ds ) say+s %>p1 ,n ) y\r actual tee?4 ,n[ y are sla9 ,by fell consumption1 pass]s by may say1 ,:y %\ld he n1 "o wants a guide to ,hell4 ,!re 7 also ?ree o!r p ( ! "n ( ,anti/h5es4 ,"o1 a disciple ( ,h]aclitus2 ! second1 an ,ephesian2 ! ?ird1 a hi/orian ( ,rhodes4 ,& s9ce we h spok5 ( ^? :o proce$$ f ! s*ool ( ,ari/ippus & ,phdon1 we may n[ g on to ! ,cynics & ,/oics1 :o d]iv$ _! orig9 f ,anti/h5es4 ,& we w take !m 9 ! foll[+ ord]4 ,,life ,,( ,,diog5es4 ,i4 ,diog5es 0 a native ( ,s9ope1 ! son ( ,hicesius1 a money-*ang]4 ,& ,diocles says t he 0 =c$ to flee f 8 native city1 z 8 fa!r kept ! public bank !re1 & _h adult]at$ ! co9age4 ,b ,eubulides1 9 8 essay on ,diog5es1 says1 t x 0 ,diog5es himself :o did ?is1 & t he 0 bani%$ ) 8 fa!r4 ,&1 inde$1 he himself1 9 8 ,pordalus1 says ( himself t he _h adult]at$ ! public money4 ,o!rs say t he 0 "o ( ! curators1 & 0 p]suad$ by ! artisans employ$1 & t he w5t to ,delphi1 or else to ! oracle at ,delos1 & !re consult$ ,apollo z to :e!r he %\ld d :at p 7 try+ to p]suade him to d2 & t1 z ! ,god gave him p]mission to d s1 ,diog5es1 n compreh5d+ t ! ,god meant t he might *ange ! political cu/oms#ef ( 8 c\ntry if he c\ld1 adult]at$ ! co9age2 & be+ detect$1 0 bani%$1 z "s p say1 b z o!r acc\nts h x1 took ! al>m & fl$ away ( 8 own accord4 ,"s aga91 say t he adult]at$ ! money :i* he _h receiv$ f 8 fa!r2 & t 8 fa!r 0 ?r[n into prison & di$ !re2 b t ,diog5es escap$ & w5t to ,delphi1 & ask$1 n :e!r he might tamp] ) ! co9age1 b :at he c\ld d to become v celebrat$1 & t 9 consequ5ce he receiv$ ! oracul> answ] :i* ,i h m5tion$4 ,,ii4 ,& :5 he came to ,a!ns he atta*$ himself to ,anti/h5es2 b z he repell$ him1 because he admitt$ no "o2 he at la/ =c$ 8 way to him by 8 p]t9acity4 ,& once1 :5 he rais$ 8 /ick at him1 he put 8 head "u x1 & said1 8,/rike1 = y w n f9d any /ick h>d en\gh to drive me away z long z y cont9ue to speak40 ,& f ?is "t =? he 0 "o ( 8 pupils2 & be+ an exile1 he naturally betook himself to a simple mode ( life4 ,,iii4 ,& :51 z ,!ophra/us tells u1 9 8 ,meg>ic ,philosoph]1 he saw a m\se runn+ ab\t & n seek+ = a b$1 nor tak+ c>e to keep 9 ! d>k1 nor look+ = any ( ^? ?+s :i* appe> enjoyable to su* an animal1 he f\nd a rem$y = 8 own pov]ty4 ,he 01 accord+ to ! acc\nt ( "s p1 ! fir/ p]son :o d\bl$ up 8 cloak out ( necessity1 & :o slept 9 x2 & :o c>ri$ a wallet1 9 :i* he kept 8 food2 & :o us$ :atev] place 0 ne> = all sorts ( purposes1 eat+1 & sleep+1 & conv]s+ 9 x4 ,9 ref]5ce to :i* habit he us$ to say1 po9t+ to ! ,colonnade ( ,jupit]1 & to ! ,public ,magaz9e1 8t ! ,a!nians _h built him places to live 940 ,be+ attack$ ) illness1 he support$ himself ) a /aff2 & aft] t he c>ri$ x cont9ually1 n inde$ 9 ! city1 b :5ev] he 0 walk+ 9 ! roads1 toge!r ) 8 wallet1 z ,olympiodorus1 ! *ief man ( ! ,a!nians tells u2 & ,polyeuctus1 ! orator1 & ,lysanias1 ! son ( s*rion1 tell ! same /ory4 ,:5 he _h writt5 to "s "o to look out & get ready a small h\se = him1 z he delay$ to d x1 he took a cask :i* he f\nd 9 ! ,temple ( ,cybele1 = 8 h\se1 z he himself tells u 9 8 lett]s4 ,& dur+ ! summ] he us$ to roll himself 9 ! w>m s&1 b 9 w9t] he w\ld embrace /atues all cov]$ ) sn[1 practis+ himself1 on e occasion1 to endure any?+4 ,,iv4 ,he 0 v viol5t 9 express+ 8 haughty disda9 ( o!rs4 ,he said t ! 7s*ool7 ( ,euclides 0 7gall74 ,& he us$ to call ,plato's 7discussions7 7disguise74 ,x 0 also a say+ ( 8 t ! ,dionysian games 7 a great m>vel to fools2 & t ! demagogues 7 ! m9i/]s ( ! multitude4 ,he us$ likewise to say1 8t :5 9 ! c\rse ( 8 life he beheld pilots1 & physicians1 & philosoph]s1 he ?\ght man ! wise/ ( all animals2 b :5 aga9 he beheld int]pret]s ( dreams1 & soo?say]s1 & ^? :o li/5$ to !m1 & m5 puff$ up ) glory or ri*es1 !n he ?\ght t !re 0 n a m fooli% animal ?an man40 ,ano!r ( 8 say+s 01 8t he ?\ght a man ought (t5] to provide himself ) a reason ?an ) a halt]40 ,on "o occasion1 :5 he notic$ ,plato at a v co/ly ent]ta9m5t ta/+ "s olives1 he said1 8,o y wise man6 :y1 aft] hav+ sail$ to ,sicily = ! sake ( su* a fea/1 d y n n[ enjoy :at y h be=e y80 ,& ,plato repli$1 8,by ! ,gods1 ,diog5es1 :ile ,i 0 !re ,i ate olives & all su* ?+s a great deal40 ,diog5es rejo9$1 8,:at !n did y want to sail to ,syracuse =8 ,did n ,attica at t "t produce any olives80 ,b ,phavor9us1 9 8 ,univ]sal ,hi/ory1 tells ?is /ory ( ,ari/ippus4 ,at ano!r "t he 0 eat+ dri$ figs1 :5 ,plato met him1 & he said to him1 8,y may h a %>e ( ^!20 & z he took "s & ate !m1 he said1 8,i said t y might h a %>e ( !m1 n t y might eat !m all40 ,on "o occasion ,plato _h invit$ "s fri5ds :o _h come to him f ,dionysius to a banquet1 & ,diog5es trampl$ on 8 c>pets1 & said1 8,?us ,i trample on ! empty pride ( ,plato20 & ,plato made him answ]1 8,h[ mu* arrogance are y display+1 ,o ,diog5es6 :5 y ?9k t y are n arrogant at all40 ,b1 z o!rs tell ! /ory1 ,diog5es said1 8,?us ,i trample on ! pride ( ,plato20 & t ,plato rejo9$1 8,) q z mu* pride y\rself1 ,o ,diog5es40 ,sotion too1 9 8 f\r? book1 /ates1 t ! ,cynic made ! foll[+ spee* to ,plato3 ,diog5es once ask$ him = "s w9e1 & !n = "s dri$ figs2 s he s5t him an entire j> full2 & ,diog5es said to him1 8,w y1 if y are ask$ h[ _m two & two make1 answ] tw5ty8 ,9 ?is way1 y nei!r give ) any ref]5ce to :at y are ask$ =1 nor d y answ] ) ref]5ce to ! "q put to y40 ,he us$ also to ridicule him z an int]m9able talk]4 ,:5 he 0 ask$ :]e 9 ,greece he saw virtu\s m52 8,m510 said he1 8n[h]e2 b ,i see good boys 9 ,lac$mon40 ,on "o occasion1 :5 no "o came to li/5 to him :ile he 0 disc\rs+ s]i\sly1 he began to :i/le4 ,& !n :5 p flock$ r\nd him1 he reproa*$ !m = com+ ) eag]ness to folly1 b be+ lazy & indiff]5t ab\t good ?+s4 ,"o ( 8 frequ5t say+s 01 8,t m5 cont5d$ ) "o ano!r 9 pun*+ & kick+1 b t no "o %[$ any emulation 9 ! pursuit ( virtue40 ,he us$ to express 8 a/oni%m5t at ! gramm>ians = be+ desir\s to le>n ev]y?+ ab\t ! mis=tunes ( ,ulysses1 & be+ ignorant ( _! own4 ,he us$ also to say1 8,t ! musicians fitt$ ! /r+s to ! lyre prop]ly1 b left all ! habits ( _! s\l ill-arrang$40 ,&1 8,t ma!maticians kept _! eyes fix$ on ! sun & moon1 & ov]look$ :at 0 "u _! feet40 8,t orators 7 anxi\s to speak ju/ly1 b n at all ab\t act+ s40 ,also1 8,t mis]s blam$ money1 b 7 prepo/]\sly fond ( x40 ,he (t5 condemn$ ^? :o praise ! j = be+ sup]ior to money1 b :o at ! same "t are eag] !mselves = great ri*es4 ,he 0 also v indignant at see+ m5 sacrifice to ! ,gods to procure good heal?1 & yet at ! sacrifice eat+ 9 a mann] injuri\s to heal?4 ,he (t5 express$ 8 surprise at slaves1 :o1 see+ _! ma/]s eat+ 9 a glutton\s mann]1 /ill d n !mselves lay h&s on any ( ! eatables4 ,he w\ld frequ5tly praise ^? :o 7 ab\t to m>ry1 & yet did n m>ry2 or :o 7 ab\t to take a voyage1 & yet did n take a voyage2 or :o 7 ab\t to engage 9 affairs ( /ate1 & did n d s2 & ^? :o 7 ab\t to re> *ildr51 yet did n re> any2 & ^? :o 7 prep>+ to take up _! abode ) pr9ces1 & yet did n take x up4 ,"o ( 8 say+s 01 8,t "o ought to hold out "o's h& to a fri5d )\t clos+ ! f+]s40 ,h]mippus1 9 8 ,sale ( ,diog5es1 says t he 0 tak5 prison] & put up to be sold1 & ask$ :at he c\ld d2 & he answ]$1 8,gov]n m540 ,& s he bade ! cri] 8give notice t if any "o wants to pur*ase a ma/]1 !re is "o "h = him40 ,:5 he 0 ord]$ n to sit d[n2 8,x makes no diff]5ce10 said he1 8= fi% are sold1 be :]e !y may40 ,he us$ to say1 t he wond]$ at m5 always r++ a di% or j> be=e buy+ x1 b be+ cont5t to judge ( a man by 8 look alone4 ,:5 ,x5iades b\ght him1 he said to him t he ought to obey him ev5 ?\gh he 0 8 slave2 = t a physician or a pilot w\ld f9d m5 to obey !m ev5 ?\gh !y might be slaves4 ,v4 ,& ,eubulus says1 9 8 essay entitl$1 ,! ,sale ( ,diog5es1 t he taught ! *ildr5 ( ,x5iades1 aft] _! o!r lessons1 to ride1 & %oot1 & sl+1 & d>t4 ,& !n 9 ! ,gymnasium he did n p]mit ! tra9] to ex]cise !m aft] ! fa%ion ( a?letes1 b ex]cis$ !m himself to j ! degree suffici5t to give !m a good col\r & good heal?4 ,& ! boys reta9$ 9 _! memory _m s5t5ces ( poets & prose writ]s1 & ( ,diog5es himself2 & he us$ to give !m a concise /atem5t ( ev]y?+ 9 ord] to /r5g!n _! memory2 & at home he us$ to tea* !m to wait ^u !mselves1 cont5t+ !mselves ) pla9 food1 & dr9k+ wat]4 ,& he accu/om$ !m to cut _! hair close1 & to es*ew ornam5t1 & to g )\t tunics or %oes1 & to keep sil5t1 look+ at no?+ except !mselves z !y walk$ along4 ,he us$1 also to take !m out hunt+2 & !y paid ! greate/ att5tion & respect to ,diog5es himself1 & spoke well ( him to _! p>5ts4 ,,vi4 ,& ! same au?or affirms1 t he grew old 9 ! h\sehold ( ,x5iades1 & t :5 he di$ he 0 buri$ by 8 sons4 ,& t :ile he 0 liv+ ) him1 ,x5iades once ask$ him h[ he %\ld bury him2 & he said1 8,on my face20 & :5 he 0 ask$ :y1 he said1 8,because1 9 a little :ile1 ev]y?+ w be turn$ upside d[n40 ,& he said ?is because ! ,mac$onians 7 already atta9+ p[]1 & becom+ a mighty p f hav+ be5 v inconsid]able4 ,once1 :5 a man _h conduct$ him into a magnific5t h\se1 & _h told him t he mu/ n spit1 aft] hawk+ a little1 he spit 9 8 face1 say+ t he c\ld n f9d a worse place4 ,b "s tell ?is /ory ( ,ari/ippus4 ,once1 he call$ out1 8,holloa1 m540 ,& :5 "s p ga!r$ r\nd him 9 consequ5ce1 he drove !m away ) 8 /ick1 say+1 8,i call$ m51 & n dregs40 ,?is anecdote ,i h d]iv$ f ,hecaton1 9 ! fir/ book ( 8 ,apoph!gms4 ,!y also relate t ,alex&] said t if he _h n be5 ,alex&]1 he %\ld h lik$ to be ,diog5es4 ,he us$ to call 7cripples71 n ^? :o 7 dumb & bl9d1 b ^? :o _h no wallet 774 ,on "o occasion he w5t half %av$ into an ent]ta9m5t ( "y m51 z ,metrocles tells u 9 8 ,apoph!gms1 & s 0 beat5 by !m4 ,& aft]w>ds he wrote ! names ( all ^? :o _h beat5 him1 on a :ite tablet1 & w5t ab\t ) ! tablet r\nd 8 neck1 s z to expose !m to insult1 z !y 7 g5]ally condemn$ & reproa*$ = _! conduct4 ,he us$ to say t he 0 ! h\nd ( ^? :o 7 prais$2 b t none ( ^? :o prais$ !m d>$ to g out hunt+ ) him4 ,a man once said to him1 8,i conqu]$ m5 at ! ,py?ian games30 on :i* he said1 8,i conqu] m51 b y only conqu] slaves40 ,:5 "s p said to him1 8,y are an old man1 & %\ld re/ = ! rema9d] ( y\r life20 8,:y s80 repli$ he1 8suppose ,i _h run a long di/ance1 ought ,i to /op :5 ,i 0 ne> ! end1 & n r press on80 ,once1 :5 he 0 invit$ to a banquet1 he said t he w\ld n come3 = t ! day be=e no "o _h ?ank$ him = com+4 ,he us$ to g b>e foot ?r\gh ! sn[1 & to d a numb] ( o!r ?+s :i* h be5 already m5tion$4 ,once he attempt$ to eat raw meat1 b he c\ld n dige/ x4 ,on "o occasion he f\nd ,demo/h5es1 ! orator1 d9+ 9 an inn2 & z he 0 slipp+ away1 he said to him1 8,y w n[ be ev] s mu* m 9 an inn40#eg ,once1 :5 "s /rang]s wi%$ to see ,demo/h5es1 he /ret*$ out 8 middle f+]1 & said1 8,?is is ! great demagogue ( ! ,a!nian p40 ,:5 "s "o _h dropp$ a loaf1 & 0 a%am$ to pick x up aga91 he1 wi%+ to give him a lesson1 ti$ a cord r\nd ! neck ( a bottle & dragg$ x all ?r\gh ! ,c]amicus4 ,he us$ to say1 t he imitat$ ! tea*]s ( *oruses1 = t !y spoke too l\d1 9 ord] t ! re/ might cat* ! prop] tone4 ,ano!r ( 8 say+s1 0 t mo/ m5 7 )9 a f+]'s bread? ( be+ mad4 ,if1 !n1 any "o 7 to walk along1 /ret*+ out 8 middle f+]1 he w seem to be mad2 b if he puts out 8 =e f+]1 he w n be ?\ght s4 ,ano!r ( 8 say+s 01 t ?+s ( great value 7 (t5 sold = no?+1 & vice v]s4 ,accord+ly1 t a /atue w\ld fet* ?ree ?\s& dra*mas1 & a bu%el ( meal only two obols2 & :5 ,x5iades _h b\ght him1 he said to him1 8,come1 d :at y are ord]$ to40 ,& :5 he said-- 8,! /reams ( sacr$ riv]s n[ ,run backw>ds to _! s\rce60 8,suppose10 rejo9$ ,diog5es1 8y _h be5 sick1 & _h b\ght a physician1 c\ld y refuse to be guid$ by him1 & tell him-- 8,! /reams ( sacr$ riv]s n[ ,run backw>ds to _! s\rce80 ,once a man came to him1 & wi%$ to /udy philosophy z 8 pupil2 & he gave him a sap]da#eh & made him foll[ him4 ,& z he f %ame ?rew x away & dep>t$1 he soon aft]w>ds met him &1 laugh+1 said to him1 8,a sap]da has dissolv$ y\r fri5d%ip = me40 ,b ,diocles tells ?is /ory 9 ! foll[+ mann]2 t :5 "s "o said to him1 8,give me a commission1 ,diog5es10 he c>ri$ him (f1 & gave him a halfp5ny wor? ( *eese to c>ry4 ,& z he refus$ to c>ry x1 8,see10 said ,diog5es1 8a halfp5ny wor? ( *eese has brok5 (f our fri5d%ip40 ,on "o occasion he saw a *ild dr9k+ out ( its h&s1 & s he ?rew away ! cup :i* belong$ to 8 wallet1 say+1 8,t *ild has beat5 me 9 simplicity40 ,he also ?rew away 8 spoon1 aft] see+ a boy1 :5 he _h brok5 8 vessel1 take up 8 l5tils ) a cru/ ( bread4 ,& he us$ to argue ?us1--8,ev]y?+ belongs to ! gods2 & wise m5 are ! fri5ds ( ! gods4 ,all ?+s are 9 common among fri5ds2 !re=e ev]y?+ belongs to wise m540 ,once he saw a woman fall+ d[n be=e ! ,gods 9 an unbecom+ attitude2 he1 wi%+ to cure h] ( h] sup]/ition1 z ,zoilus ( ,p]ga tells u1 came up to h]1 & said1 8,are y n afraid1 ,o woman1 to be 9 su* an indec5t attitude1 :5 "s ,god may be beh9d y1 = e place is full ( him80 ,he consecrat$ a man to sculapius1 :o 0 to run up & beat all ^! :o pro/rat$ !mselves ) _! faces to ! gr\nd2 & he 0 9 ! habit ( say+ t ! tragic curse _h come ^u him1 = t he 0-- ,h\seless & citiless1 a pite\s exile ,f 8 de> native l&2 a w&]+ begg>1 ,scrap+ a pittance poor f day to day4 ,& ano!r ( 8 say+s 0 t he oppos$ confid5ce to =tune1 nature to law1 & reason to suff]+4 ,once1 :ile he 0 sitt+ 9 ! sun 9 ! ,craneum1 ,alex&] 0 /&+ by1 & said to him1 8,ask any fav\r y *oose ( me40 ,& he repli$1 8,cease to %ade me f ! sun40 ,on "o occasion a man 0 read+ "s long passages1 & :5 he came to ! end ( ! book & %[$ t !re 0 no?+ m writt51 8,be ( good *e]1 my fri5ds10 exclaim$ ,diog5es1 8,i see l&40 ,a man once prov$ to him syllogi/ically t he _h horns1 s he put 8 h& to 8 =ehead & said1 8,i d n see !m40 ,& 9 a simil> mann] he repli$ to "o :o _h be5 ass]t+ t !re 0 no su* ?+ z motion1 by gett+ up & walk+ away4 ,:5 a man 0 talk+ ab\t ! heav5ly bodies & meteors1 8,pray h[ _m days10 said he to him1 8is x s9ce y came d[n f heav580 ,a pr(ligate eunu* _h writt5 on 8 h\se1 8,let no evil ?+ ent] 940 8,:]e10 said ,diog5es1 8is ! ma/] ( ! h\se go+80 ,aft] hav+ ano9t$ 8 feet ) p]fume1 he said t ! o9tm5t f 8 head m\nt$ up to heav51 & t f 8 feet up to 8 nose4 ,:5 ! ,a!nians entreat$ him to be initiat$ 9 ! ,eleus9ian my/]ies1 & said t 9 ! %ades bel[ ! initiat$ _h ! be/ seats2 8,x w10 he repli$1 8be an absurd ?+ if ,agesilaus & ,epam9ondas are to live 9 ! mud1 & "s mis]able wret*es1 :o h be5 initiat$1 are to be 9 ! isl&s ( ! ble/40 ,"s mice crept up to 8 table1 & he said1 8,see1 ev5 ,diog5es ma9ta9s 8 fav\rites40 ,once1 :5 he 0 leav+ ! ba?1 & a man ask$ him :e!r _m m5 7 ba?+1 he said1 8,no20 b :5 a numb] ( p came out1 he confess$ t !re 7 a great _m4 ,:5 ,plato call$ him a dog1 he said1 8,und\bt$ly1 = ,i h come back to ^? :o sold me40 ,plato def9$ man ?us3 8,man is a two-foot$1 fea!rless animal10 & 0 mu* prais$ = ! def9ition2 s ,diog5es pluck$ a cock & br\ght x into 8 s*ool1 & said1 8,?is is ,plato's man40 ,on :i* acc\nt ?is addition 0 made to ! def9ition1 8,) broad flat nails40 ,a man once ask$ him :at 0 ! prop] "t = supp]1 & he made answ]1 8,if y are a ri* man1 :5ev] y please2 & if y are a poor man1 :5ev] y c40 ,:5 he 0 at ,meg>a he saw "s %eep c>efully cov]$ ov] ) sk9s1 & ! *ildr5 runn+ ab\t nak$2 & s he said1 8,x is bett] at ,meg>a to be a man's ram1 ?an 8 son40 ,a man once /ruck him ) a beam1 & !n said1 8,take c>e40 8,:at10 said he1 8are y go+ to /rike me aga980 ,he us$ to say t ! demagogues 7 ! s]vants ( ! p2 & g>l&s ! blossoms ( glory4 ,hav+ light$ a c&le 9 ! day "t1 he said1 8,i am look+ = a man40 ,on "o occasion he /ood "u a f\nta91 & z ! by/&]s 7 pity+ him1 ,plato1 :o 0 pres5t1 said to !m1 8,if y wi% really to %[ y\r pity = him1 come away20 intimat+ t he 0 only act+ ?us out ( a desire = notoriety4 ,once1 :5 a man _h /ruck him ) 8 fi/1 he said1 8,o ,h]cules1 :at a /range ?+ t ,i %\ld be walk+ ab\t ) a helmet on )\t kn[+ x60 ,:5 ,midias /ruck him ) 8 fi/ & said1 8,!re are ?ree ?\s& dra*mas = y20 ! next day ,diog5es took ! ce/us ( a box] & beat him s\ndly1 & said1 8,!re are ?ree ?\s& dra*mas = y40#ei ,:5 ,lysias1 ! drug-sell]1 ask$ him :e!r he ?\ght t !re 7 any ,gods3 8,h[10 said he1 8c ,i help ?9k+ s1 :5 ,i consid] y to be hat$ by !m80 b "s attribute ?is reply to ,!odorus4 ,once he saw a man purify+ himself by wa%+1 & said to him1 8,oh1 wret*$ man1 d n y "k t z y _c wa% away blund]s 9 gramm> by purification1 s1 too1 y c no m efface ! errors ( a life 9 t same mann]80 ,he us$ to say t m5 7 wrong = compla9+ ( =tune2 = t !y ask ( ! ,gods :at appe> to be good ?+s1 n :at are really s4 ,& to ^? :o 7 al>m$ at dreams he said1 t !y did n reg>d :at !y d :ile !y are awake1 b make a great fuss ab\t :at !y fancy !y see :ile !y are asleep4 ,once1 at ! ,olympic games1 :5 ! h]ald proclaim$1 8,dioxippus is ! conqu]or ( m520 he said1 8,he is ! conqu]or ( slaves1 ,i am ! conqu]or ( m540 ,he 0 greatly belov$ by ! ,a!nians2 accord+ly1 :5 a y\? _h brok5 8 cask !y beat him1 & gave ,diog5es ano!r4 ,& ,dionysius1 ! ,/oic1 says t aft] ! battle ( ,*ronea he 0 tak5 prison] & br\ght to ,philip2 & be+ ask$ :o he 01 repli$1 8,a spy1 to spy ^u y\r insatiability40 ,& ,philip m>vell$ at him & let him g4 ,once1 :5 ,alex&] _h s5t a lett] to ,a!ns to ,antipat]1 by ! h&s ( a man nam$ ,a?lias1 he1 be+ pres5t1 said1 8,a?lias f ,a?lius1 by means ( ,a?lias to ,a?lius40#fj ,:5 ,p]diccas ?reat5$ t he w\ld put him to dea? if he did n come to him1 he repli$1 8,t is no?+ /range1 = a scorpion or a t>antula c\ld d z mu*3 y _h bett] ?reat5 me t1 if ,i kept away1 y %\ld be v happy40 ,he us$ con/antly to repeat ) emphasis t an easy life _h be5 giv5 to man by ! ,gods1 b t x _h be5 ov]laid by _! seek+ = honey1 *eese-cakes1 & ungu5ts1 & ?+s ( t sort4 ,on :i* acc\nt he said to a man1 :o _h 8 %oes put on by 8 s]vant1 8,y are n ?or\ghly happy1 unless he also wipes y\r nose = y2 & he w d ?is1 if y are crippl$ 9 y\r h&s40 ,on "o occasion1 :5 he _h se5 ! hi]omnemones#fa lead+ (f "o ( ! /ew>ds :o _h /ol5 a goblet1 he said1 8,! great ?ieves are c>ry+ (f ! little ?ief40 ,at ano!r "t1 see+ a "y man ?r[+ /ones at a cross1 he said1 8,well done1 y w be sure to rea* ! m>k40 ,once1 too1 "s boys got r\nd him & said1 8,we are tak+ c>e t y d n bite u20 b he said1 8,be ( good *e]1 my boys1 a dog does n eat beef40 ,he saw a man giv+ himself airs because he 0 clad 9 a lion's sk91 & said to him1 8,d n g on disgrac+ ! g>b ( nature40 ,:5 p 7 speak+ ( ! happ9ess ( ,calli/h5es1 & say+ :at spl5did treatm5t he receiv$ f ,alex&]1 he repli$1 8,! man !n is wret*$1 = he is =c$ to breakfa/ & d9e :5ev] ,alex&] *ooses40 ,:5 he 0 9 want ( money1 he said t be reclaim$ x f 8 fri5ds & did n beg = x4 ,on "o occasion he 0 work+ ) 8 h&s 9 ! m>ket-place1 & said1 8,i wi% ,i c\ld rub my /oma* 9 ! same way1 & s avoid hung]40 ,:5 he saw a "y man go+ ) "s satraps to supp]1 he dragg$ him away & l$ him (f to 8 relations1 & bade !m take c>e ( him4 ,he 0 once address$ by a y\? beautifully adorn$1 :o ask$ him "s "q2 & he refus$ to give him any answ]1 till he satisfi$ him :e!r he 0 a man or a woman4 ,& on "o occasion1 :5 a y\? 0 play+ ! cottabus 9 ! ba?1 he said to him1 8,! bett] y d x1 ! worse y d x40 ,once at a banquet1 "s ( ! gue/s ?rew him bones1 z if he _h be5 a dog2 s he1 z he w5t away1 put up 8 leg aga9/ !m z if he _h be5 a dog 9 reality4 ,he us$ to call ! orators1 & all ^? :o speak = fame 7?rice m571 in/ead ( 7?rice mis]able74 ,he said t a ri* b ignorant man1 0 l a %eep ) a gold5 fleece4 ,:5 he saw a notice on ! h\se ( a pr(ligate man1 8,to be sold40 8,i knew10 said he1 8t y :o are s incessantly drunk1 w\ld soon vomit up y\r own]40 ,to a "y man1 :o 0 compla9+ ( ! numb] ( p :o s\ght 8 acqua9tance1 he said1 8,d n make su* a p>ade ( y\r vanity40 ,hav+ be5 9 a v dirty ba?1 he said1 8,i wond] :]e ! p1 :o ba! "h1 clean !mselves40 ,:5 all ! company 0 blam+ an indiff]5t h>p-play]1 he alone prais$ him1 & be+ ask$ :y he did s1 he said1 8,because1 ?\gh he is su* z he is1 he plays ! h>p & does n /eal40 ,he salut$ a h>p play] :o 0 always left alone by 8 he>]s1 )1 8,good morn+1 cock20 & :5 ! man ask$ him1 8,:y s80 he said1 8,because y1 :5 y s+1 make e "o get up40 ,:5 a "y man 0 "o day mak+ a display ( himself1 he1 hav+ fill$ ! bosom ( 8 robe ) lup9s1 began to eat !m2 & :5 ! multitude look$ at him1 he said1 8t he m>vell$ at _! leav+ ! "y man to look at him40 ,& :5 a man1 :o 0 v sup]/iti\s1 said to him1 8,) "o bl[ ,i w break y\r head20 8,& ,i10 he repli$1 8) "o sneeze w make y tremble40 ,:5 ,hegesias entreat$ him to l5d him "o ( 8 books1 he said1 8,y are a silly fell[1 ,hegesias1 = y w n take pa9t$ figs1 b real ones2 & yet y ov]look ! g5u9e practice ( virtue1 & seek = :at is m]ely writt540 ,a man once reproa*$ him ) 8 bani%m5t1 & 8 answ] 01 8,y wret*$ man1 t is :at made me a philosoph]40 ,& :51 on ano!r occasion1 "s "o said to him1 8,! p ( ,s9ope condemn$ y to bani%m5t10 he repli$1 8,& ,i condemn$ !m to rema9 :]e !y 740 ,once he saw a man :o _h be5 victor at ! ,olympic games1 fe$+ 77 %eep1 & he said to him1 8,y h soon come across my fri5d f ! ,olympic games1 to ! ,nemean40 ,:5 he 0 ask$ :y a?letes are ins5sible to pa91 he said1 8,because !y are built up ( pork & beef40 ,he once ask$ = a /atue2 & be+ que/ion$ z to 8 reason = do+ s1 he said1 8,i am practis+ disappo9tm5t40 ,once he 0 begg+ ( "s "o 7= he did ?is at fir/ out ( actual want71 he said1 8,if y h giv5 to any "o else1 give also to me2 & if y h nev] giv5 to any "o1 !n beg9 ) me40 ,on "o occasion1 he 0 ask$ by ! tyrant1 8,:at sort ( brass 0 ! be/ = a /atue80 & he repli$1 8,t ( :i* ! /atues ( ,h>modius & ,ari/ogiton are made40 ,:5 he 0 ask$ h[ ,dionysius treats 8 fri5ds1 he said1 8,l bags2 ^? :i* are full he hangs up1 & ^? :i* are empty he ?r[s away40 ,a man :o 0 lately m>ri$ put an inscription on 8 h\se1 8,h]cules ,call9icus1 ! son ( ,jupit]1 lives "h2 let no evil ent]40 ,& s ,diog5es wrote 9 addition1 8,an alliance is made aft] ! w> is ov]40 ,he us$ to say t covet\sness 0 ! metropolis ( all evils4 ,see+ on "o occasion a pr(ligate man 9 an inn eat+ olives1 he said1 8,if y _h d9$ ?us1 y w\ld n h supp$ ?us40 ,"o ( 8 apoph!gms 01 t good m5 7 ! images ( ! ,gods2 ano!r1 t love 0 ! bus9ess ( ^? :o _h no?+ to d4 ,:5 he 0 ask$ :at 0 mis]able 9 life1 he answ]$1 8,an indig5t old man40 ,& :5 ! "q 0 put to him1 :at bea/ inflicts ! wor/ bite1 he said1 8,( wild bea/s ! sycophant1 & ( tame animals ! flatt]]40 ,on "o occasion he saw two ,c5taurs v badly pa9t$2 he said1 8,:i* ( ! two is ! wor/80#fb ,he us$ to say t a spee*1 ! object ( :i* 0 solely to please1 0 a honey$ halt]4 ,he call$ ! belly1 ! ,*>ybdis ( life4 ,hav+ he>d once t ,didymon ! adult]]1 _h be5 caught 9 ! fact1 he said1 8,he des]ves to be hung by 8 "n40#fc ,:5 ! "q 0 put to him1 :y gold is ( a pale col\r1 he said1 8,because x has s _m p plott+ aga9/ x40 ,:5 he saw a woman 9 a litt]1 he said1 8,! cage is n suit$ to ! animal40 ,& see+ a runaway slave sitt+ on a well1 he said1 8,my boy1 take c>e y d n fall 940 ,ano!r "t1 he saw a little boy :o 0 a /eal] ( clo!s f ! ba?s1 & said1 8,are y go+ = ungu5ts1 7' 71 or = o!r g>m5ts 7' ' 740 ,see+ "s wom5 hang+ on olive trees1 he said1 8,i wi% e tree bore simil> fruit40 ,at ano!r "t1 he saw a clo!s /eal]1 & address$ him ?us3-- 8,:at moves !e1 say1 :5 sleep has clos'd ! sight1 ,to roam ! sil5t fields 9 dead ( night8 ,art ?\ "s wret* by hopes ( plund] l$1 ,?r\gh heaps ( c>nage to despoil ! dead40#fd ,:5 he 0 ask$ :e!r he _h any girl or boy to wait on him1 he said1 8,no40 ,& z 8 que/ion] ask$ fur!r1 8,if !n y die1 :o w bury y80 ,he repli$1 8,:oev] wants my h\se40 ,see+ a h&some y\? sleep+ )\t any protection1 he nudg$ him1 & said1 8,wake up3-- 8,mix'd ) ! vulg> %all ?y fate be f\nd1 ,pi]c'd 9 ! back1 a vile di%one/ w\nd40#fe ,& he address$ a man :o 0 buy+ delicacies at a great exp5se3-- 8,n long1 my son1 w y on e>? rema91 ,if su* y\r deal+s40#ff ,:5 ,plato 0 disc\rs+ ab\t 8 8ideas10 & us+ ! n\ns 8tabl5ess0 & 8cupness20 8,i1 ,o ,plato60 int]rupt$ ,diog5es1 8see a table & a cup1 b ,i see no tabl5ess or cupness40 ,plato made answ]1 8,t is natural en\gh1 = y h eyes1 by :i* a cup & a table are contemplat$2 b y h n intellect1 by :i* tabl5ess & cupness are se540 ,on "o occasion1 he 0 ask$ by a c]ta9 p]son1 8,:at sort ( a man1 ,o ,diog5es1 d y ?9k ,socrates80 & he said1 8,a madman40 ,ano!r "t1 ! "q 0 put to him1 :5 a man ought to m>ry8 & 8 reply 01 8,"y m5 ought n to m>ry yet1 & old m5 nev] ought to m>ry at all40 ,:5 ask$ :at he w\ld take to let a man give him a bl[ on ! head8 he repli$1 8,a helmet40 ,see+ a y\? sm>t5+ himself up v c>efully1 he said to him1 8,if y are do+ t = m51 y are mis]able2 & if = wom51 y are pr(ligate40 ,once he saw a y\? blu%+1 & address$ him1 8,c\rage1 my boy1 t is ! complexion ( virtue40 ,hav+ once li/5$ to two lawy]s1 he condemn$ !m bo?2 say+1 8,t ! "o _h /ol5 ! ?+ 9 "q1 & t ! o!r _h n lo/ x40 ,:5 ask$ :at w9e he lik$ to dr9k1 he said1 8,t :i* belongs to ano!r40 ,a man said to him "o day1 8,_m p laugh at y40 8,b ,i10 he repli$1 8am n laugh$ d[n40 ,:5 a man said to him1 t x 0 a bad ?+ to live2 8,n to live10 said he1 8b to live badly40 ,:5 "s p 7 advis+ him to make se>* = a slave :o _h run away1 he said1 8,x w\ld be a v absurd ?+ = ,manes to be able to live )\t ,diog5es1 b = ,diog5es n to be able to live )\t ,manes40 ,:5 he 0 d9+ on olives1 a *eese-cake 0 br\ght 91 on :i* he ?rew ! olive away1 say+3-- ,keep well alo(1 ,o /rang]1 f all tyrants4#fg ,& pres5tly he add$3-- ,he drove ! olive (f 7 ' 74#fh ,:5 he 0 ask$ :at sort ( a dog he 01 he repli$1 8,:5 hungry1 ,i am a dog ( ,melita2 :5 satisfi$1 a ,molossian2 a sort :i* mo/ ( ^? :o praise1 d n l to take out hunt+ ) !m1 because ( ! lab\r ( keep+ up ) !m2 & 9 l mann]1 y _c associate ) me1 f fe> ( ! pa9 ,i give y40 ,! "q 0 put to him1 :e!r wise m5 ate *eese-cakes1 & he repli$1 8,!y eat ev]y?+1 j z ! re/ ( mank9d40 ,:5 ask$ :y p give to begg>s & n to philosoph]s1 he said1 8,because !y ?9k x possible t !y !mselves may become lame & bl9d1 b !y d n expect ev] to turn out philosoph]s40 ,he once begg$ ( a covet\s man1 & z he 0 sl[ to give1 he said1 8,man1 ,i am ask+ y = some?+ to ma9ta9 me 7 7 & n to bury me 7 740 ,:5 "s "o reproa*$ him = hav+ tamp]$ ) ! co9age1 he said1 8,!re 0 a "t :5 ,i 0 su* a p]son z y are n[2 b !re nev] 0 :5 y 7 su* z ,i am n[1 & nev] w be40 ,& to ano!r p]son :o reproa*$ him on ! same gr\nds1 he said1 8,!re 7 times :5 ,i did :at ,i did n wi% to1 b t is n ! case n[40 ,:5 he w5t to ,myndus1 he saw "s v l>ge gates1 b ! city 0 a small "o1 & s he said1 8,oh m5 ( ,myndus1 %ut y\r gates1 le/ y\r city %\ld /eal out40 ,on "o occasion1 he saw a man :o _h be5 detect$ /eal+ purple1 & s he said3-- ,a purple dea?1 & mighty fate ov]took him4#fi ,:5 ,crat]us entreat$ him to come & visit him1 he said1 8,i w\ld r lick up salt at ,a!ns1 ?an enjoy a luxuri\s table ) ,crat]us40 ,on "o occasion1 he met ,anaxim5es1 ! orator1 :o 0 a fat man1 & ?us acco/$ him2 8,pray give u1 :o are poor1 "s ( y\r belly2 = by s do+ y w be reliev$ y\rself1 & y w assi/ u40 ,& once1 :5 he 0 discuss+ "s po9t1 ,diog5es held up a piece ( salt fi%1 & drew (f ! att5tion ( 8 he>]s2 & z ,anaxim5es 0 indignant at ?is1 he said1 8,see1 "o p5nywor? ( salt fi% has put an end to ! lecture ( ,anaxim5es40 ,be+ once reproa*$ = eat+ 9 ! m>ket-place1 he made answ]1 8,i did1 = x 0 9 ! m>ket-place t ,i 0 hungry40 ,"s au?ors also attribute ! foll[+ rep>tee to him4 ,plato saw him wa%+ vegetables1 & s1 com+ up to him1 he quietly acco/$ him ?us1 8,if y _h paid c\rt to ,dionysius1 y w\ld n h be5 wa%+ vegetables40 8,&10 he repli$1 ) equal quietness1 8if y _h wa%$ vegetables1 y w\ld nev] h paid c\rt to ,dionysius40 ,:5 a man said to him once1 8,mo/ p laugh at y20 8,& v likely10 he repli$1 8! asses laugh at !m2 b !y d n reg>d ! asses1 nei!r d ,i reg>d !m40 ,once he saw a y\? /udy+ philosophy1 & said to him1 8,well done2 inasmu* z y are lead+ ^? :o admire y\r p]son to contemplate ! beauty ( y\r m9d40 ,a c]ta9 p]son 0 admir+ ! (f]+s 9 ! temple at ,samo?race1#gj & he said to him1 8,!y w\ld h be5 mu* m num]\s1 if ^? :o 7 lo/ _h (f]$ !m in/ead ( ^? :o 7 sav$20 b "s attribute ?is spee* to ,diagoras ! ,melian4 ,once he saw a h&some y\? go+ to a banquet1 & said to him1 8,y w come back worse 7720 & :5 he ! next day aft] ! banquet said to him1 8,i h left ! banquet1 & 0 no worse = x20 he repli$1 8,y 7 n ,*iron1 b ,eurytion40#ga ,he 0 begg+ once ( a v ill-temp]$ man1 & z he said to him1 8,if y c p]suade me1 ,i w give y some?+20 he repli$1 8,if ,i c\ld p]suade y1 ,i w\ld beg y to hang y\rself40 ,he 0 on "o occasion return+ f ,lac$mon to ,a!ns2 & :5 "s "o ask$ him1 8,:i!r are y go+1 & :5ce d y come80 he said1 8,i am go+ f ! m5's ap>tm5ts to ! wom5's40 ,ano!r "t he 0 return+ f ! ,olympic games1 & :5 "s "o ask$ him :e!r !re _h be5 a great multitude !re1 he said1 8,a great multitude1 b v few m540 ,he us$ to say t debau*$ m5 resembl$ figs gr[+ on a precipice2 ! fruit ( :i* is n ta/$ by m51 b dev\r$ by cr[s & vultures4 ,:5 ,phryne _h d$icat$ a gold5 /atue ( ,v5us at ,delphi1 he wrote ^u x1 8,f ! pr(ligacy ( ! ,greeks40 ,once ,alex&] ! ,great came & /ood by him1 & said1 8,i am ,alex&]1 ! great k+40 8,& ,i10 said he1 8am ,diog5es ! dog40 ,& :5 he 0 ask$ to :at actions ( 8 x 0 ow+ t he 0 call$ a dog1 he said1 8,because ,i fawn ^u ^? :o give me any?+1 & b>k at ^? :o give me no?+1 & bite ! rogues40 ,on "o occasion he 0 ga!r+ "s ( ! fruit ( a fig-tree1 & :5 ! man :o 0 gu>d+ x told him a man hung himself on ?is tree ! o!r day4 8,i1 !n10 said he1 8w n[ purify x40 ,once he saw a man :o _h be5 a conqu]or at ! ,olympic games look+ v (t5 at a c\rtesan2 8,look10 said he1 8at t w>like ram1 :o is tak5 prison] by ! fir/ girl he meets40 ,"o ( 8 say+s 01 t good-look+ c\rtesans 7 l poison$ mead4 ,on "o occasion he 0 eat+ 8 d9n] 9 ! m>ket-place1 & ! by/&]s kept con/antly call+ out 8,dog20 b he said1 8,x is y :o are ! dogs1 :o /& ar\nd me :ile ,i am at d9n]40 ,:5 two effem9ate fell[s 7 gett+ out ( 8 way1 he said1 8,d n be afraid1 a dog does n eat beetroot40 ,be+ once ask$ ab\t a debau*$ boy1 z to :at c\ntry he came f1 he said1 8,he is a ,tegean40#gb ,see+ an unskilful wre/l] pr(ess+ to heal a man he said1 8,:at are y ab\t1 are y 9 hopes n[ to ov]?r[ ^? :o =m]ly conqu]$ y80 ,on "o occasion he saw ! son ( a c\rtesan ?r[+ a /one at a cr[d1 & said to him1 8,take c>e1 le/ y hit y\r fa!r40 ,:5 a boy %[$ him a sword t he _h receiv$ f "o to :om he _h done "s discr$itable s]vice1 he told him1 8,! sword is a good sword1 b ! h&le is infam\s40 ,& :5 "s p 7 prais+ a man :o _h giv5 him some?+1 he said to !m1 8,& d n y praise me :o 0 wor?y to receive x80 ,he 0 ask$ by "s "o to give him back 8 cloak2 b he repli$1 8,if y gave x me1 x is m9e2 & if y only l5t x me1 ,i am us+ x40 ,a supposititi\s son 77 ( somebody once said to him1 t he _h gold 9 8 cloak2 8,no d\bt10 said he1 8t is ! v reason :y ,i sleep ) x "u my head 7740 ,:5 he 0 ask$ :at advantage he _h d]iv$ f philosophy1 he repli$1 8,if no o!r1 at lea/ ?is1 t ,i am prep>$ = e k9d ( =tune40 ,! "q 0 put to him :at c\ntryman he 01 & he repli$1 8,a ,citiz5 ( ! _w40 ,"s m5 7 sacrific+ to ! ,gods to prevail on !m to s5d !m sons1 & he said1 8,& d y n sacrifice to procure sons ( a p>ticul> "*80 ,once he 0 ask+ ! presid5t ( a society = a contribution1#gc & said to him3-- 8,spoil all ! re/1 b keep y\r h&s f ,hector40 ,he us$ to say t c\rtesans 7 ! que5s ( k+s2 = t !y ask$ !m = :atev] !y *ose4 ,:5 ! ,a!nians _h vot$ t ,alex&] 0 ,bac*us1 he said to !m1 8,vote1 too1 t ,i am ,s]apis40 ,:5 a man reproa*$ him = go+ into unclean places1 he said1 8,! sun too p5etrates into privies1 b is n pollut$ by !m40 ,:5 supp+ 9 a temple1 z "s dirty loaves 7 set be=e him1 he took !m up & ?rew !m away1 say+ t no?+ dirty ought to come into a temple2 & :5 "s "o said to him1 8,y philosophize )\t be+ possess$ ( any k10 he said1 8,if ,i only pret5d to wisdom1 t is philosophiz+40 ,a man once br\ght him a boy1 & said t he 0 a v clev] *ild1 & "o ( an admirable disposition4 8,:at1 !n10 said ,diog5es1 8does he want ( me80 ,he us$ to say1 t ^? :o utt] virtu\s s5tim5ts b d n d !m1 are no bett] ?an h>ps1 = t a h>p has no he>+ or feel+4 ,once he 0 go+ into a !atre :ile e "o else 0 com+ out ( x2 & :5 ask$ :y he did s1 8,x is10 said he1 8:at ,i h be5 do+ all my life40 ,once :5 he saw a "y man putt+ on effem9ate airs1 he said to him1 8,are y n a%am$ to h worse plans = y\rself ?an nature _h = y8 = %e has made y a man1 b y are try+ to =ce y\rself to be a woman40 ,:5 he saw an ignorant man tun+ a psalt]y1 he said to him1 8,are y n a%am$ to be arrang+ prop] s\nds on a wood5 in/rum5t1 & n arrang+ y\r s\l to a prop] life80 ,:5 a man said to him1 8,i am n calculat$ = philosophy10 he said1 8,:y !n d y live1 if y h no desire to live prop]ly80 ,to a man :o treat$ 8 fa!r ) contempt1 he said1 8,are y n a%am$ to despise him to :om y owe x t y h x 9 y\r p[] to give y\rself airs at all80 ,see+ a h&some "y man *att]+ 9 an unseemly mann]1 he said1 8,are y n a%am$ to draw a sword cut ( lead out ( a scabb>d ( ivory80 ,be+ once reproa*$ = dr9k+ 9 a v9tn]'s %op1 he said1 8,i h my hair cut1 too1 9 a b>b]'s40 ,at ano!r "t1 he 0 attack$ = hav+ accept$ a cloak f ,antipat]1 b he repli$3-- 8,refuse n ?\ to he$ ,! gifts :i* f ! mighty ,gods proce$40#gd ,a man once /ruck him ) a broom1 & said1 8,take c>e10 s he /ruck him 9 return ) 8 /aff1 & said1 8,take c>e40 ,he once said to a man :o 0 address+ anxi\s entreaties to a c\rtesan1 8,:at c y wi% to obta91 y wret*$ man1 t y _h n bett] be disappo9t$ 980 ,see+ a man reek+ all ov] ) ungu5ts1 he said to him1 8,h a c>e1 le/ ! fragrance ( y\r head give a bad od\r to y\r life40 ,"o ( 8 say+s 01 t s]vants s]ve _! ma/]s1 & t wick$ m5 are ! slaves ( _! appetites4 ,be+ ask$ :y slaves 7 call$ 1 he repli$1 8,because !y h ! feet ( m5 7 71 & a s\l su* z y :o are ask+ ?is "q40 ,he once ask$ a pr(ligate fell[ = a m9a2 & :5 he put ! "q to him1 :y he ask$ o!rs = an obol1 & him = a m9a1 he said1 8,because ,i hope to get some?+ f ! o!rs ano!r "t1 b ! ,gods alone "k :e!r ,i %all ev] extract any?+ f y aga940 ,once he 0 reproa*$ = ask+ fav\rs1 :ile ,plato nev] ask$ = any2 & he said3-- 8,he asks z well z ,i d1 b he does x ,b5d+ 8 head1 t no "o else may he>40 ,"o day he saw an unskilful ar*] %oot+2 s he w5t & sat d[n by ! t>get1 say+1 8,n[ ,i %all be out ( h>m's way40 ,he us$ to say1 t ^? :o 7 9 love 7 disappo9t$ 9 reg>d ( ! pleasure !y expect$4 ,:5 he 0 ask$ :e!r dea? 0 an evil1 he repli$1 8,h[ c t be an evil :i* we d n feel :5 x is pres5t80 ,:5 ,alex&] 0 once /&+ by him1 & say+1 8,d n y fe> me80 ,he repli$1 8,no2 = :at are y1 a good or an evil80 ,& z he said t he 0 good1 8,:o1 !n10 said ,diog5es1 8fe>s ! good80 ,he us$ to say1 t education 01 = ! "y sobriety1 = ! old com=t1 = ! poor ri*es1 & = ! ri* an ornam5t4 ,:5 ,didymus ! adult]] 0 once try+ to cure ! eye ( a "y girl 771 he said1 8,take c>e1 le/ :5 y are cur+ ! eye ( ! maid51 y d n hurt ! pupil40#ge ,a man once said to him1 t 8 fri5ds laid plots aga9/ him2 8,:at !n10 said he1 8are y to d1 if y mu/ look ^u bo? y\r fri5ds & enemies 9 ! same light80 ,on "o occasion he 0 ask$1 :at 0 ! mo/ excell5t ?+ among m52 & he said1 8,fre$om ( spee*40 ,he w5t once into a s*ool1 & saw _m /atues ( ! ,muses1 b v few pupils1 & said1 8,gods1 & all my good s*oolma/]s1 y h pl5ty ( pupils40 ,he 0 9 ! habit ( do+ ev]y?+ 9 public1 :e!r 9 respect ( ,v5us or ,c]es2 & he us$ to put 8 conclusions 9 ?is way to p3 8,if !re is no?+ absurd 9 d9+1 !n x is n absurd to d9e 9 ! m>ket-place4 ,b x is n absurd to d9e1 !re=e x is n absurd to d9e 9 ! m>ket-place40 ,& z he 0 cont9ually do+ manual "w 9 public1 he said "o day1 8,w\ld t by rubb+ my belly ,i c\ld get rid ( hung]40 ,o!r say+s also are attribut$ to him1 :i* x w\ld take a long "t to enum]ate1 !re is su* a multiplicity ( !m4 ,he us$ to say1 t !re 7 two k9ds ( ex]cise3 t1 namely1 ( ! m9d & t ( ! body2 & t ! latt] ( ^! creat$ 9 ! m9d su* quick & agile phantasies at ! "t ( its p]=mance1 z v mu* facilitat$ ! practice ( virtue2 b t "o 0 imp]fect )\t ! o!r1 s9ce ! heal? & vig\r necess>y = ! practice ( :at is good1 dep5d equally on bo? m9d & body4 ,& he us$ to allege z pro(s ( ?is1 & ( ! ease :i* practice imp>ts to acts ( virtue1 t p c\ld see t 9 ! case ( m]e common work+ trades1 & o!r employm5ts ( t k9d1 ! artisans arriv$ at no inconsid]able accuracy by con/ant practice2 & t any "o may see h[ mu* "o flute play]1 or "o wre/l]1 is sup]ior to ano!r1 by 8 own cont9u$ practice4 ,& t if ^! m5 transf]r$ ! same tra9+ to _! m9ds !y w\ld n lab\r 9 a pr(itless or imp]fect mann]4 ,he us$ to say also1 t !re 0 no?+ :atev] 9 life :i* c\ld be br\ght to p]fection )\t practice1 & t t alone 0 able to ov]come e ob/acle2 t1 !re=e1 z we ought to repudiate all useless toils1 & to apply ourselves to useful lab\rs1 & to live happily1 we are only unhappy 9 consequ5ce ( mo/ exce$+ folly4 ,= ! v contempt ( pleasure1 if we only inure ourselves to x1 is v pleasant2 & j z !y :o are accu/om$ to live luxuri\sly1 are br\ght v unwill+ly to adopt ! contr>y sy/em2 s !y :o h be5 orig9ally inur$ to t opposite sy/em1 feel a sort ( pleasure 9 ! contempt ( pleasure4 ,?is us$ to be ! language :i* he held1 & he us$ to %[ 9 practice1 really alt]+ m5's habits1 & def]r+ 9 all ?+s r to ! pr9ciples ( nature ?an to ^? ( law2 say+ t he 0 adopt+ ! same fa%ion ( life z ,h]cules _h1 pref]r+ no?+ 9 ! _w to lib]ty2 & say+ t ev]y?+ belong$ to ! wise1 & advanc+ argum5ts su* z ,i m5tion$ j above4 ,= in/ance3 e ?+ belongs to ! ,gods2 & ! ,gods are fri5ds to ! wise2 & all ! prop]ty ( fri5ds is held 9 common2 !re=e ev]y?+ belongs to ! wise4 ,he also argu$ ab\t ! law1 t )\t x !re is no possibility ( a con/itution be+ ma9ta9$2 = )\t a city !re c be no?+ ord]ly1 b a city is an ord]ly ?+2 & )\t a city !re c be no law2 !re=e law is ord]4 ,& he play$ 9 ! same mann] ) ! topics ( noble bir?1 & reputation1 & all ?+s ( t k9d1 say+ t !y 7 all veils1 z x 71 = wick$ness2 & t t 0 ! only prop] con/itution :i* consi/$ 9 ord]4 ,ano!r ( 8 doctr9es 0 t all wom5 ought to be possess$ 9 common2 & he said t m>riage 0 a nullity1 & t ! prop] way w\ld be = e man to live ) h] :om he c\ld p]suade to agree ) him4 ,& on ! same pr9ciple he said1 t all p's sons ought to belong to e "o 9 common2 & !re 0 no?+ intol]able 9 ! idea ( tak+ any?+ out ( a temple1 or eat+ any animal :atev]1 & t !re 0 no impiety 9 ta/+ ev5 human fle%2 z is pla9 f ! habits ( =eign nations2 & he said t ?is pr9ciple might be correctly ext5d$ to e case & e p4 ,= he said t 9 reality ev]y?+ 0 a comb9ation ( all ?+s4 ,= t 9 bread !re 0 meat1 & 9 vegetables !re 0 bread1 & s !re 7 "s p>ticles ( all o!r bodies 9 ev]y?+1 communicat+ by invisible passages & evaporat+4 ,,vii4 ,& he expla9s ?is !ory ( 8 cle>ly 9 ! ,?ye/es1 if inde$ ! trag$ies attribut$ to him are really 8 composition1 & n r ! "w ( ,philiscus1 ( g9a1 8 intimate fri5d1 or ( ,pasiphon1 ! son ( ,lucian1 :o is /at$ by ,phavor9us1 9 8 ,univ]sal ,hi/ory1 to h writt5 !m aft] ,diog5es' dea?4 ,,viii4 ,music & geometry1 & a/ronomy1 & all ?+s ( t k9d1 he neglect$1 z useless & unnecess>y4 ,b he 0 a man v happy 9 meet+ argum5ts1 z is pla9 f :at we h already said4 ,,ix4 ,& he bore be+ sold ) a mo/ magnanim\s _s4 ,= z he 0 sail+ to g9a1 & 0 tak5 prison] by "s pirates1 "u ! comm& ( ,scirpalus1 he 0 c>ri$ (f to ,crete & sold2 & :5 ! cri] ask$ him :at art he und]/ood1 he said1 8,t ( gov]n+ m540 ,& pres5tly po9t+ out a ,cor9?ian1 v c>efully dress$1 7! same ,x5iades :om we h m5tion$ be=e71 he said1 8,sell me to t man2 = he wants a ma/]40 ,accord+ly ,x5iades b\ght him & c>ri$ him away to ,cor9?2 & !n he made him tutor ( 8 sons1 & committ$ to him ! entire managem5t ( 8 h\se4 ,& he behav$ himself 9 e affair 9 su* a mann]1 t ,x5iades1 :5 look+ ov] 8 prop]ty1 said1 8,a good g5ius has come into my h\se40 ,& ,cleom5es1 9 8 book :i* is call$ ! ,s*oolma/]1 says1 t he wi%$ to ransom all 8 relations1 b t ,diog5es told him t !y 7 all fools2 = t lions did n become ! slaves ( ^? :o kept !m1 b1 on ! contr>y1 ^? :o ma9ta9$ lions 7 _! slaves4 ,= t x 0 ! "p ( a slave to fe>1 b t wild bea/s 7 =midable to m54 ,x4 ,& ! man _h ! gift ( p]suasion 9 a wond]ful degree2 s t he c\ld easily ov]come any "o by 8 argum5ts4 ,accord+ly1 x is said t an g9etan ( ! "n ( ,onesicritus1 hav+ two sons1 s5t to ,a!ns "o ( !m1 ^: "n 0 ,&ro/h5es1 & t he1 aft] hav+ he>d ,diog5es lecture1 rema9$ !re2 & t aft] t1 he s5t ! eld]1 ,philiscus1 :o has be5 already m5tion$1 & t ,philiscus 0 *>m$ 9 ! same mann]4 ,& la/ ( all1 he came himself1 & !n he too rema9$1 no less ?an 8 son1 /udy+ philosophy at ! feet ( ,diog5es4 ,s great a *>m 0 !re 9 ! disc\rses ( ,diog5es4 ,ano!r pupil ( 8 0 ,phocion1 :o 0 surnam$ ! ,good2 & ,/ilpon1 ! ,meg>ian1 & a great _m o!r m5 ( em95ce z /atesm54 ,,xi4 ,he is said to h di$ :5 he 0 ne>ly n9ety ye>s ( age1 b !re are diff]5t acc\nts giv5 ( 8 dea?4 ,= "s say t he ate an ox's foot raw1 & 0 9 consequ5ce seiz$ ) a bili\s attack1 ( :i* he di$2 o!rs1 ( :om ,c]cidas1 a ,megalopolitan or ,cretan1 is "o1 say t he di$ ( hold+ 8 brea? = sev]al days2 & ,c]cidas speaks ?us ( him 9 8 ,meliambics3-- ,he1 t ,s9opian :o bore ! /ick1 ,wore 8 cloak d\bl$1 & 9 ?' op5 air ,d9$ )\t wa%+1 w\ld n be> ) life ,a mom5t long]3 b he %ut 8 tee?1 ,& held 8 brea?4 ,he truly 0 ! son ,( ,jove1 & a mo/ heav5ly-m9d$ dog1 ,! wise ,diog5es4 ,o!rs say t he1 :ile int5d+ to di/ribute a polypus to 8 dogs1 0 bitt5 by !m ?r\gh ! t5don ( 8 foot1 & s di$4 ,b 8 own greate/ fri5ds1 z ,anti/h5es tells u 9 8 ,successions1 r sanction ! /ory ( 8 hav+ di$ f hold+ 8 brea?4 ,= he us$ to live 9 ! ,craneum1 :i* 0 a ,gymnasium at ! gates ( ,cor9?4 ,& 8 fri5ds came accord+ to _! cu/om1 & f\nd him ) 8 head cov]$2 & z !y did n suppose t he 0 asleep1 = he 0 n a man mu* subject to ! influ5ce ( night or sleep1 !y drew away 8 cloak f 8 face1 & f\nd him no long] brea?+2 & !y ?\ght t he _h done ?is on purpose1 wi%+ to escape ! rema9+ portion ( 8 life4 ,on ?is !re 0 a qu>rel1 z !y say1 betwe5 8 fri5ds1 z to :o %\ld bury him1 & !y ev5 came to bl[s2 b :5 ! eld]s & *ief m5 ( ! city came !re1 !y say t he 0 buri$ by !m at ! gate :i* leads to ! ,i/hmus4 ,& !y plac$ ov] him a pill>1 & on t a dog 9 ,p>ian m>ble4 ,& at a lat] p]iod 8 fell[ citiz5s hon\r$ him ) braz5 /atues1 & put ?is inscription on !m3-- ,e'en brass by lapse ( "t do? old become1 ,b !re is no su* "t z %all efface ,y\r la/+ glory1 wise ,diog5es2 ,s9ce y alone did tea* to m5 ! art ,( a cont5t$ life3 ! sure/ pa? ,to glory & a la/+ happ9ess4 ,we ourselves h also writt5 an epigram on him 9 ! proceleusmatic metre4 ,a4 ,tell me1 ,diog5es1 tell me true1 ,i pray1 ,h[ did y die2 :at fate to ,pluto bore y8 ,b4 ,! savage bite ( an envi\s dog did kill me4 ,"s1 h[ev]1 say t :5 he 0 dy+1 he ord]$ 8 fri5ds to ?r[ 8 corpse away )\t bury+ x1 s t e bea/ might te> x1 or else to ?r[ x into a dit*1 & spr9kle a little du/ ov] x4 ,& o!rs say t 8 injunctions 71 t he %\ld be ?r[n into ! ,ilissus2 t s he might be useful to 8 bre?r54 ,b ,demetrius1 9 8 treatise on ,m5 ( ! ,same ,"n1 says t ,diog5es di$ 9 ,cor9? ! same day t ,alex&] di$ 9 ,babylon4 ,& he 0 already an old man1 z e>ly z ! hundr$ & ?irte5? olympiad4 ,,xii4 ,! foll[+ books are attribut$ to him4 ,! dialogues entitl$ ! ,cephalion2 ! ,ic?yas2 ! ,jackdaw2 ! ,leop>d2 ! ,p ( ! ,a!nians2 ! ,republic2 "o call$ ,moral ,art2 "o on ,weal?2 "o on ,love2 ! ,!odorus2 ! ,hypsias2 ! ,ari/>*us2 "o on ,dea?2 a volume ( ,lett]s2 sev5 ,trag$ies1 ! ,hel51 ! ,?ye/es1 ! ,h]cules1 ! ,a*illes1 ! ,m$ea1 ! ,*rysippus1 & ! dipus4 ,b ,sosicrates1 9 ! fir/ book ( 8 ,successions1 & ,satyrus1 9 ! f\r? book ( 8 ,lives1 bo? ass]t t none ( all ^! are ! g5u9e composition ( ,diog5es4 ,& ,satyrus affirms t ! trag$ies are ! "w ( ,philiscus1 ! g9etan1 a fri5d ( ,diog5es4 ,b ,sotion1 9 8 sev5? book1 says t ^! are ! only g5u9e works ( ,diog5es3 a dialogue on ,virtue2 ano!r on ! ,good2 ano!r on ,love2 ! ,begg>2 ! ,tolmu2 ! ,leop>d2 ! ,cass&]2 ! ,cephalion2 & t ! ,ari/>*us1 ! ,sisyphus1 ! ,ganym$e1 a volume ( ,apoph!gms1 & ano!r ( ,lett]s1 are all ! "w ( ,philiscus4 ,,xiii4 ,!re 7 five p]sons ( ! "n ( ,diog5es4 ,! fir/ a native ( ,apollonia1 a natural philosoph]2 & ! beg9n+ ( 8 treatise on ,natural ,philosophy is z foll[s3 8,x appe>s to me to be well = e "o :o comm5ces any k9d ( philosophical treatise1 to lay d[n "s und5iable pr9ciple to />t )40 ,! second 0 a ,sicyonian1 :o wrote an acc\nt ( ,peloponnesus4 ,! ?ird 0 ! man ( :om we h be5 speak+4 ,! f\r? 0 a ,/oic1 a native ( ,seleucia1 b usually call$ a ,babylonian1 f ! proximity ( ,seleucia to ,babylon4 ,! fif? 0 a native ( ,t>sus1 :o wrote on ! subject ( "s que/ions conc]n+ poetry :i* he endeav\rs to solve4 ,,xiv4 ,a!nodorus1 9 ! eigh? book ( 8 ,conv]sations1 says1 t ! philosoph] always _h a %9+ appe>ance1 f 8 habit ( ano9t+ himself4 ,,life ,,( ,,monimus4 ,i4 ,monimus 0 a ,syracusan1 & a pupil ( ,diog5es1 b also a slave ( "s ,cor9?ian money-*ang]1 z ,sosicrates tells u4 ,x5iades1 :o b\ght ,diog5es1 us$ (t5 to come to him1 extoll+ ! excell5cy ( ,diog5es bo? 9 actions & words1 till he excit$ a great affection = ! man 9 ! m9d ( ,monimus4 ,= he imm$iately feign$ madness1 & ?rew ab\t all ! money & all ! co9s t 7 on ! table1 until 8 ma/] disc>d$ him1 & !n he /raightway w5t to ,diog5es & became 8 pupil4 ,he also foll[$ ,crates ! ,cynic a good deal1 & devot$ himself to ! same /udies z he did2 & ! sight ( ?is conduct ( 8 made 8 ma/] all ! m ?9k him mad4 ,,ii4 ,& he 0 a v em95t man1 s t ev5 ,m5&]1 ! comic poet1 speaks ( him2 accord+ly1 9 "o ( 8 plays1 namely 9 ! ,hippocomus1 he m5tions him ?us3-- ,!re is a man1 ,o ,philo1 nam$ ,monimus1 ,a wise man1 ?\gh b little kn[n1 & "o ,:o be>s a wallet at 8 back1 & is n ,cont5t ) "o b ?ree4 ,he nev] spoke ,a s+le s5t5ce1 by great ,jove ,i swe>1 ,l ?is "o1 8,"k ?yself10 or any o!r ,( ! (t-quot$ prov]bs3 all su* say+s ,he scorn$1 z he did beg 8 way ?r\gh dirt2 ,tea*+ t all op9ion is b vanity4 ,b he 0 a man ( su* gravity t he despis$ glory1 & s\ght only = tru?4 ,,iii4 ,he wrote "s je/s m+l$ ) s]i\s treatises1 & two essays on ! ,appetites1 & an ,exhortation4 ,,life ,,( ,,onesicritus4 ,i4 ,onesicritus is call$ by "s au?ors an g9etan1 b ,demetrius ! ,magnesian affirms t he 0 a native ( ,a/ypala4 ,he also 0 "o ( ! mo/ em95t ( ! disciples ( ,diog5es4 ,,ii4 ,& he appe>s 9 "s po9ts to resemble ,x5ophon4 ,= ,x5ophon jo9$ 9 ! exp$ition ( ,cyrus1 & ,onesicritus 9 t ( ,alex&]2 & ,x5ophon wrote ! ,cyropdia1 & ,onesicritus wrote an acc\nt ( ! education ( ,alex&]4 ,x5ophon1 too1 wrote a ,panegyric on ,cyrus1 & ,onesicritus "o on ,alex&]4 ,!y 7 also bo? simil> to "o ano!r 9 /yle1 except t a copyi/ is naturally inf]ior to ! orig9al4 ,,iii4 ,m5&]1 too1 :o 0 surnam$ ,drymus1 0 a pupil ( ,diog5es1 & a great admir] ( ,hom]3 & s 0 ,hegesu ( ,s9ope1 :o 0 nicknam$ ,clu1 & ,philiscus ! g9etan1 z we h said be=e4 ,,life ,,( ,,crates4 ,i4 ,crates 0 a ,!ban by bir?1 & ! son ( ,ascondus4 ,he also 0 "o ( ! em95t disciples ( ! ,cynic4 ,b ,hippobotus ass]ts t he 0 n a pupil ( ,diog5es1 b ( ,bryson ! ,a*an4 ,,ii4 ,!re are ! foll[+ sportive l9es ( 8 quot$3-- ,! waves surr\nd va9 ,p]es' fruitful soil1 ,& f]tile acres cr[n ! sea-born isle2 ,l& :i* no p>asite e'er d>es invade1 ,or lewd s$uc] ( a hapless maid2 ,x be>s figs1 bread1 ?yme1 g>lic's sav\ry *>ms1 ,gifts :i* ne'er tempt m5 to dete/$ arms1 ,!y'd r fight = gold ?an glory's dreams4 ,!re is also an acc\nt-book ( 8 mu* spok5 (1 :i* is drawn up 9 su* t]ms z ^!3-- ,put d[n ! cook = m9as half a score1 ,put d[n ! doctor = a dra*ma m3 ,five tal5ts to ! flatt]]2 "s smoke ,to ! advis]1 an obol & a cloak ,= ! philosoph]2 = ! will+ nymph1 ,a tal5t4 ,he 0 also nicknam$ ,door-op5]1 because he us$ to ent] e h\se & give ! inmates advice4 ,^! l9es1 too1 are 83-- ,all ?is ,i le>nt & pond]$ 9 my m9d1 ,draw+ deep wisdom f ! ,muses k9d1 ,b all ! re/ is vanity4 ,!re is a l9e1 too1 :i* tells u t he ga9$ f philosophy3-- ,a peck ( lup9s1 & to c>e = nobody4 ,?is1 too1 is attribut$ to him3-- ,hung] *ecks love2 & %\ld x n1 "t does4 ,if bo? %\ld fail y1 !n a halt] *oose4 ,,iii4 ,he fl\ri%$ ab\t ! hundr$ & ?irte5? olympiad4 ,,iv4 ,anti/h5es1 9 8 ,successions1 says t he1 hav+ once1 9 a c]ta9 trag$y1 se5 ,telephus hold+ a date basket1 & 9 a mis]able plight 9 o!r respects1 betook himself to ! ,cynic philosophy2 & hav+ turn$ 8 patrimony into money 7= he 0 ( illu/ri\s extraction71 he collect$ ?ree hundr$ tal5ts by t means1 & divid$ !m among ! citiz5s4 ,& aft] t he devot$ himself to philosophy ) su* eag]ness1 t ev5 ,philemon ! comic poet m5tions him4 ,accord+ly he says3-- ,& 9 ! summ] he'd a %aggy g[n1 ,to inure himself to h>d%ip3 9 ! w9t] ,he wore m]e rags4 ,b ,diocles says t x 0 ,diog5es :o p]suad$ him to disc>d all 8 e/ate & 8 flocks1 & to ?r[ 8 money into ! sea2 & he says fur!r1 t ! h\se ( ,crates 0 de/roy$ by ,alex&]1 & t ( ,hipp>*ia "u ,philip4 ,& he w\ld v frequ5tly drive away ) 8 /aff ^? ( 8 relations :o came aft] him1 & endeav\r$ to dissuade him f 8 design2 & he rema9$ immoveable4 ,v4 ,demetrius1 ! ,magnesian1 relates t he deposit$ 8 money ) a bank]1 mak+ an agreem5t ) him1 t if 8 sons turn$ out ord9>y ignorant p1 he 0 !n to re/ore x to !m2 b if !y became philosoph]s1 !n he 0 to divide x among ! p1 = t !y1 if !y 7 philosoph]s1 w\ld h no ne$ ( any?+4 ,& ,erato/h5es tells u t he _h by ,hipp>*ia1 :om we %all m5tion h]eaft]1 a son ^: "n 0 ,pasicles1 & t :5 he grew up1 he took him to a bro!l kept by a female slave1 & told him t t 0 all ! m>riage t 8 fa!r design$ = him2 b t m>riages :i* result$ 9 adult]y 7 !mes = trag$ians1 & _h exile & blood%$ = _! prizes2 & ! m>riages ( ^? :o liv$ ) c\rtesans 7 subjects = ! comic poets1 & (t5 produc$ madness z ! result ( debau*]y & drunk5ness4 ,,vi4 ,he _h also a bro!r nam$ ,pasicles1 a pupil ( ,euclides4 ,,vii4 ,phavor9us1 9 ! second book ( 8 ,comm5t>ies1 relates a witty say+ ( 82 = he says1 t once1 :5 he 0 begg+ a fav\r ( ! ma/] ( a gymnasium1 on ! behalf ( "s acqua9tance1 he t\*$ 8 ?ighs2 & z he express$ 8 indignation at ?is1 he said1 8,:y1 d !y n belong to y z well z y\r knees80 ,he us$ to say t x 0 impossible to f9d a man :o _h nev] done wrong1 9 ! same way z !re 0 always "s wor?less se$ 9 a pomegranate4 ,on "o occasion he provok$ ,nicodromus1 ! h>p-play]1 & receiv$ a black eye f him2 s he put a pla/] on 8 =ehead & wrote ^u x1 8,nicodromus did ?is40 ,he us$ to abuse pro/itutes design$ly1 = ! purpose ( practis+ himself 9 endur+ reproa*es4 ,:5 ,demetrius ,phal]eus s5t him "s loaves & w9e1 he attack$ him = 8 pres5t1 say+1 8,i wi% t ! f\nta9s bore loaves20 & x is notori\s t he 0 a wat] dr9k]4 ,he 0 once reprov$ by ! diles ( ! ,a!nians1 = we>+ f9e l951 & s he repli$1 8,i w %[ y ,!ophra/us also clad 9 f9e l9540 ,& z !y did n believe him1 he took !m to a b>b]'s %op1 & %[$ him to !m z he 0 be+ %av$4 ,at ,!bes he 0 once sc\rg$ by ! ma/] ( ! ,gymnasium1 7?\gh "s say x 0 by ,eu?ycrates1 at ,cor9?71 & dragg$ out by ! feet2 b he did n c>e1 & quot$ ! l9e3-- ,i feel1 ,o mighty *ief1 y\r mat*less might1 ,dragg$1 foot fir/1 d[nw>d f ?' e!real height4#gf ,b ,diocles says t x 0 by ,m5$emus1 ( ,eretria1 t he 0 dragg$ 9 ?is mann]1 = t z he 0 a h&some man1 & suppos$ to be v obsequi\s to ,asclepiades1 ! ,phliasian1 ,crates t\*$ 8 ?ighs & said1 8,is ,asclepiades )980 ,& ,m5$emus 0 v mu* (f5d$1 & dragg$ him out1 z has be5 already said2 & !n ,crates quot$ ! above-cit$ l9e4 ,,viii4 ,z5o1 ! ,cittian1 9 8 ,apoph!gms1 says1 t he once sew$ up a %eep's fleece 9 8 cloak1 )\t ?9k+ ( x2 & he 0 a v ugly man1 & "o :o excit$ laught] :5 he 0 tak+ ex]cise4 ,& he us$ to say1 :5 he put up 8 h&s1 8,c\rage1 ,crates1 z f> z y\r eyes & ! re/ ( y\r body is conc]n$3-- ,,ix4 8,= y %all see ^? :o n[ ridicule y1 convuls$ ) disease1 & envy+ y\r happ9ess1 & accus+ !mselves ( slo?fulness40 ,"o ( 8 say+s 01 8,t a man ought to /udy philosophy1 up to ! po9t ( look+ on g5]als & donkey-driv]s 9 ! same light40 ,ano!r 01 t ^? :o live ) flatt]]s1 are z desolate z calves :5 9 ! company ( wolves2 = t nei!r ! "o nor ! o!r are ) ^? :om !y ought to be1 or _! own k9dr$1 b only ) ^? :o are plott+ aga9/ !m4 ,x4 ,:5 he felt t he 0 dy+1 he made v]ses on himself1 say+3-- ,y're go+1 noble hun*back1 y are go+ ,to ,pluto's realms1 b5t d\ble by old age4 ,= he 0 humpback$ f age4 ,,xi4 ,:5 ,alex&] ask$ him :e!r he wi%$ to see ! re/oration ( 8 c\ntry1 he said1 8,:at w\ld be ! use ( x8 = p]haps "s o!r ,alex&] w\ld come at "s future "t & de/roy x aga94 8,b pov]ty & de> obscurity1 ,are :at a prud5t man %\ld ?9k 8 c\ntry ,= ^! e'en =tune c't deprive him (40 ,he also said t he 03-- ,a fell[ c\ntryman ( wise ,diog5es1 ,:om ev5 envy nev] _h attack$4 ,m5&]1 9 8 ,tw9-si/]1 m5tions him ?us3-- ,= y w walk ) me wrapp$ 9 y\r cloak1 ,z 8 wife us$ to ) ! ,cynic ,crates4 ,,xii4 ,he gave 8 daught] to 8 pupils1 z he himself us$ to say3-- ,to h & keep on trial = a mon?4 ,,life ,,( ,,metrocles4 ,i4 ,metrocles 0 ! bro!r ( ,hipp>*ia2 & ?\gh he _h =m]ly be5 a pupil ( ,!ophra/us1 he _h pr(it$ s little by 8 in/ructions1 t once1 ?9k+ t1 :ile li/5+ to a lecture on philosophy1 he _h disgrac$ himself by 8 inatt5tion1 he fell into despond5cy1 & %ut himself up 9 8 h\se1 int5d+ to />ve himself to dea?4 ,accord+ly1 :5 ,crates he>d ( x1 he came to him1 hav+ be5 s5t =2 & eat+ a numb] ( lup9s1 on purpose1 he p]suad$ him by numb]s ( argum5ts1 t he _h done no h>m2 = t x 0 n to be expect$ t a man %\ld n indulge 8 natural incl9ations & habits2 & he com=t$ him by %[+ him t he1 9 a simil> case1 w\ld c]ta9ly h behav$ 9 a simil> mann]4 ,& aft] t1 he became a pupil ( ,crates1 & a man ( great em95ce z a philosoph]4 ,,ii4 ,he burnt all 8 writ+s1 z ,hecaton tells u 9 ! fir/ book ( 8 ,apoph!gms1 & said3-- ,^! are ! phantoms ( inf]nal dreams2 ,z if he meant t !y 7 all nons5se4 ,b "s say t x 0 ! notes :i* he _h tak5 ( ! lectures ( ,!ophra/us :i* he burnt1 quot+ ! foll[+ v]se3-- ,vulcan1 draw ne>1 'tis ,!tis asks y\r aid4#gg ,,iii4 ,he us$ to say t "s ?+s c\ld be b\ght ) money1 z = in/ance a h\se2 & "s ) "t & indu/ry1 z education2 t weal? 0 mis*iev\s1 if a man did n use x prop]ly4 ,,iv4 ,he di$ at a great age1 hav+ suffocat$ himself4 ,v4 ,8 pupils 7 ,!ombrotus & ,cleom5es1 ,demetrius ( ,alex&ria1 ! son ( ,!ombrotus1 ,tim>*us ( ,alex&ria1 ! son ( ,cleom5es1 & ,e*ecles1 ( ,ephesus4 ,n b :at ,e*ecles 0 also a pupil ( ,!ombrotus2 & ,m5$emus1 ( :om we %all speak h]eaft]1 0 8 pupil4 ,m5ippus1 ( ,s9ope1 too1 0 a v em95t p]son 9 8 s*ool4 ,,life ,,( ,,hipp>*ia4 ,i4 ,hipp>*ia1 ! si/] ( ,metrocles1 0 *>m$ among o!rs1 by ! doctr9es ( ?is s*ool4 ,,ii4 ,bo? %e & ,metrocles 7 natives ( ,m>onea4 ,%e fell 9 love ) bo? ! doctr9es & mann]s ( ,crates1 & c\ld n be div]t$ f h] reg>d = him1 by ei!r ! weal?1 or high bir?1 or p]sonal beauty1 ( any ( h] suitors1 b ,crates 0 ev]y?+ to h]2 & %e ?reat5$ h] p>5ts to make away ) h]self1 if %e 7 n giv5 9 m>riage to him4 ,crates accord+ly1 be+ entreat$ by h] p>5ts to dissuade h] f ?is resolution1 did all he c\ld2 & at la/1 z he c\ld n p]suade h]1 he rose up1 & plac+ all 8 furniture be=e h]1 he said1 8,?is is ! bridegroom :om y are *oos+1 & ?is is ! :ole ( 8 prop]ty2 consid] ^! facts1 = x w n be possible = y to become 8 p>tn]1 if y d n also apply y\rself to ! same /udies1 & con=m to ! same habits t he does40 ,b ! girl *ose him2 & assum+ ! same dress t he wore1 w5t ab\t ) him z h] husb&1 & appe>$ ) him 9 public ev]y:]e1 & w5t to all ent]ta9m5ts 9 8 company4 ,,iii4 ,& once :5 %e w5t to sup ) ,lysima*us1 %e attack$ ,!odorus1 :o 0 surnam$ ! ,a!i/2 propos+ to him ! foll[+ sophism2 8,:at ,!odorus c\ld n be call$ wrong = do+1 t same ?+ ,hipp>*ia ought n to be call$ wrong = do+4 ,b ,!odorus does no wrong :5 he beats himself2 !re=e ,hipp>*ia does no wrong :5 %e beats ,!odorus40 ,he made no reply to :at %e said1 b only pull$ h] clo!s ab\t2 b ,hipp>*ia 0 nei!r (f5d$ nor a%am$1 z _m a woman w\ld h be52 b :5 he said to h]3-- 8,:o is ! woman :o has left ! %uttle ,s ne> ! w>p80#gh 8,i1 ,!odorus1 am t p]son10 %e repli$2 8b d ,i appe> to y to h come to a wrong decision1 if ,i devote t "t to philosophy1 :i* ,i o!rwise %\ld h sp5t at ! loom80 ,& ^! & _m o!r say+s are report$ ( ?is female philosoph]4 ,,iv4 ,!re is also a volume ( lett]s ( ,crates#gi extant1 9 :i* he philosophizes mo/ excell5tly2 & 9 /yle is v little inf]ior to ,plato4 ,he also wrote "s trag$ies1 :i* are imbu$ ) a v sublime _s ( philosophy1 ( :i* ! foll[+ l9es are a specim53-- ',tis n "o t[n1 nor "o poor s+le h\se1 ,t is my c\ntry2 b 9 e l& ,ea* city & ea* dwell+ seems to me1 ,a place = my reception ready made4 ,& he di$ at a great age1 & 0 buri$ 9 ,botia4 ,,life ,,( ,,m5ippus4 ,i4 ,m5ippus 0 also a ,cynic1 & a ,phnician by desc5t1 a slave by bir?1 z ,a*aicus tells u 9 8 ,e?ics2 & ,diocles in=ms u t 8 ma/] 0 a native ( ,pontus1 ( ! "n ( ,baton2 b t subsequ5tly1 9 consequ5ce ( 8 importunities & mis]ly habits1 he became ri*1 & obta9$ ! rights ( citiz5%ip at ,cor9?4 ,,ii4 ,he nev] wrote any?+ s]i\s2 b 8 writ+s are full ( ridicul\s matt]2 & 9 "s respects simil> to ^? ( ,meleag]1 :o 0 8 contempor>y4 ,& ,h]mippus tells u t he 0 a man :o l5t money at daily int]e/1 & t he 0 call$ a usur]2 = he us$ to l5d on nautical usury1 & take security1 s t he amass$ a v great am\nt ( ri*es4 ,,iii4 ,b at la/ he fell into a sn>e1 & lo/ all 8 money1 & 9 a fit ( despair he hung himself1 & s he di$4 ,& we h writt5 a playful epigram on him3-- ,?is man 0 a ,syrian by bir?1 ,& a ,cretan usuri\s h\nd1 ,z ! "n he 0 kn[n by sets =?1 ,y've he>d ( him (t ,i'll be b\nd2 ,8 "n 0 ,m5ippus--m5 ent]$ 8 h\se1 ,& /ole all 8 goods )\t leav+ a l\se1 ,:5 7f ?is ! dog's nature y pla9ly may tell7 ,he hung himself up1 & s w5t (f to hell4 ,,iv4 ,b "s say t ! books attribut$ to him are n really 8 "w1 b are ! composition ( ,dionysius & ,zopyrus ! ,colophonians1 :o wrote !m out ( joke1 & !n gave !m to him z a man well able to dispose ( !m4 ,v4 ,!re 7 six p]sons ( ! "n ( ,m5ippus2 ! fir/ 0 ! man :o wrote a hi/ory ( ! ,lydians1 & made an abridgm5t ( ,xan?us2 ! second 0 ?is man ( :om we h be5 speak+2 ! ?ird 0 a sophi/ ( ,/ratonice1 a ,c>ian by desc5t2 ! f\r? 0 a /atu>y2 ! fif? & ! six? 7 pa9t]s1 & !y are bo? m5tion$ by ,apollodorus4 ,,vi4 ,! writ+s left by ! ,cynic am\nt to ?irte5 volumes2 a ,description ( ! ,dead2 a volume call$ ,wills2 a volume ( ,lett]s 9 :i* ! ,gods are introduc$2 treatises address$ to ! ,natural ,philosoph]s1 & ,ma!maticians1 & ,gramm>ians2 "o on ! ,g5]ations ( ,epicurus1 & on ! ,obs]vance ( ! ,tw5tie? ,day by ! philosoph]s ( 8 s*ool2 & "o or two o!r essays4 ,,! ,,life ,,( ,,m5$emus4 ,i4 ,m5$emus 0 a disciple ( ,colotes ( ,lampsacus4 ,,ii4 ,he proce$$1 z ,hippobotus tells1 to su* a great degree ( sup]/ition1 t he assum$ ! g>b ( a fury1 & w5t ab\t say+ t he _h come f hell to take notice ( all :o did wrong1 9 ord] t he might desc5d ?i!r aga9 & make 8 report to ! deities :o abode 9 t c\ntry4 ,& ?is 0 8 dress3 a tunic ( a d>k col\r rea*+ to 8 feet1 & a purple girdle r\nd 8 wai/1 an ,arcadian hat on 8 head ) ! twelve signs ( ! zodiac embroid]$ on x1 tragic busk9s1 a prepo/]\sly long be>d1 & an a%5 /aff 9 8 h&4 ,,iii4 ,^! !n are ! lives ( ea* ( ! ,cynics2 & we %all also subjo9 "s ( ! doctr9es :i* !y all held 9 common1 if inde$ x is n an abuse ( language to call t a sect ( philosophy at all1 in/ead (1 z "s cont5d x %\ld be t]m$1 a m]e sy/em ( life4 ,!y wi%$ to aboli% ! :ole sy/em ( logic & natural philosophy1 l ,ari/o ( ,*ios1 & ?\ght t m5 %\ld /udy no?+ b e?ics2 & :at "s p ass]t ( ,socrates 0 describ$ by ,diocles z a *>act]i/ic ( ,diog5es1 = he said t 8 doctr9e 01 t a man ought to inve/igate-- ,only ! good & ill t take? place ,)9 our h\ses4 ,!y also disc>d all lib]al /udies4 ,accord+ly1 ,anti/h5es said t wise m5 only appli$ !mselves to lit]ature & le>n+ = ! sake ( p]v]t+ o!rs2 !y also wi% to aboli% geometry & music1 & ev]y?+ ( t k9d4 ,accord+ly1 ,diog5es said once to a p]son :o 0 %[+ him a clock2 8,x is a v useful ?+ to save a man f be+ too late = supp]40 ,& once :5 a man made an exhibition ( musical skill be=e him1 he said3-- 8,cities are gov]n$1 s are h\ses too1 ,by wisdom1 n by h>p-play+ & :i/l+40#hj ,_! doctr9e is1 t ! *ief good ( mank9d is to live accord+ to virtue1 z ,anti/h5es says 9 8 ,h]cules1 9 :i* !y resemble ! ,/oics4 ,= ^? two sects h a good deal 9 common ) "o ano!r1 on :i* acc\nt !y !mselves say t cynicism is a %ort road to virtue2 & ,z5o1 ! ,cittian liv$ 9 ! same mann]4 ,!y also tea* t m5 ought to live simply1 us+ only pla9 food 9 mod]ate quantities1 we>+ no?+ b a cloak1 & despis+ ri*es1 & glory1 & nobl5ess ( bir?2 accord+ly "s ( !m fe$ ^u no?+ beyond h]bs & cold wat]1 liv+ 9 any %elt] t !y c f9d1 or 9 tubs z ,diog5es did2 = he us$ to say t x 0 ! peculi> prop]ty ( ! ,gods to want no?+1 & t1 !re=e1 :5 a man wi%$ = no?+ he 0 l ! ,gods4 ,ano!r ( _! doctr9es is1 t virtue is a ?+ :i* may be taught1 z ,anti/h5es affirms 9 8 ,h]aclides2 & t :5 x has once be5 atta9$ x c nev] be lo/4 ,!y also say t ! wise man des]ves to be lov$1 & _c commit error1 & is a fri5d to e "o :o resembles him1 & t he leaves no?+ to =tune4 ,& ev]y?+ :i* is unconnect$ ) ei!r virtue or vice !y call indiff]5t1 agree+ 9 ?is ) ,ari/o1 ! ,*ian4 ,^! !n 7 ! ,cynics2 & n[ we mu/ pass on to ! ,/oics1 ( :i* sect ! f\nd] 0 ,z5o1 :o _h be5 a disciple ( ,crates4 ,,book ,,vii4 ,,life ,,( ,,z5o4 ,i4 ,z5o 0 ! son ( ,mnaseas1 or ,demeas1 & a native ( ,citium1 9 ,cyprus1 :i* is a ,grecian city1 p>tly occupi$ by a ,phnician colony4 ,,ii4 ,he _h 8 head naturally b5t on "o side1 z ,timo!us1 ! ,a!nian1 tells u1 9 8 "w on ,lives4 ,& ,apollonius1 ! ,tyrian1 says t he 0 ?91 v tall1 ( a d>k complexion2 9 ref]5ce to :i* "s "o once call$ him an ,egyptian ,clematis1 z ,*rysippus relates 9 ! fir/ volume ( 8 ,prov]bs3 he _h fat1 flabby1 weak legs1 on :i* acc\nt ,p]su1 9 8 ,convivial ,rem9isc5ces1 says t he us$ to refuse _m invitations to supp]2 & he 0 v fond1 z x is said1 ( figs bo? fre% & dri$ 9 ! sun4 ,,iii4 ,he 0 a pupil1 z has be5 already /at$1 ( ,crates4 ,aft] t1 !y say t he became a pupil ( ,/ilpon & ( ,x5ocrates1 = t5 ye>s1 z ,timocrates relates 9 8 ,life ( ,dion4 ,he is also said to h be5 a pupil ( ,polemo4 ,b ,hecaton1 & ,apollonius1 ( ,tyre1 9 ! fir/ book ( 8 essay on ,z5o1 say t :5 he consult$ ! oracle1 z to :at he ought to d to live 9 ! mo/ excell5t mann]1 ! ,god answ]$ him t he ought to become ( ! same complexion z ! dead1 on :i* he inf]r$ t he ought to apply himself to ! read+ ( ! books ( ! anci5ts4 ,accord+ly1 he atta*$ himself to ,crates 9 ! foll[+ mann]4 ,hav+ pur*as$ a quantity ( purple f ,phnicia1 he 0 %ipwreck$ close to ! ,piru2 & :5 he _h made 8 way f ! coa/ z f> z ,a!ns1 he sat d[n by a booksell]'s /all1 be+ n[ ab\t ?irty ye>s ( age4 ,& z he took up ! second book ( ,x5ophon's ,memorabilia & began to read x1 he 0 delight$ ) x1 & ask$ :]e su* m5 z 7 describ$ 9 t book liv$2 & z ,crates happ5$ v seasonably to pass at ! mom5t1 ! booksell] po9t$ him out1 & said1 8,foll[ t man40 ,f t "t =? he became a pupil ( ,crates2 b ?\gh he 0 9 o!r respects v en]getic 9 8 application to philosophy1 /ill he 0 too mode/ = ! %amelessness ( ! ,cynics4 ,on :i* acc\nt1 ,crates1 wi%+ to cure him ( ?is false %ame1 gave him a j> ( l5til porridge to c>ry ?r\gh ! ,c]amicus2 & :5 he saw t he 0 a%am$1 & t he endeav\r$ to hide x1 he /ruck ! j> ) 8 /aff1 & broke x2 &1 z ,z5o fl$ away1 & ! l5til porridge ran all d[n 8 legs1 ,crates call$ aft] him1 8,:y d y run away1 my little ,phnician1 y h done no h>m80 ,= "s "t !n he cont9u$ a pupil ( ,crates1 & :5 he wrote 8 treatise entitl$ ! ,republic1 "s said1 jok+ly1 t he _h writt5 x ^u ! tail ( ! dog4 ,,iv4 ,& besides 8 ,republic1 he 0 ! au?or also ( ! foll[+ works3--a treatise on a ,life accord+ to ,nature2 "o on ,appetite1 or ! ,nature ( ,man2 "o on ,passions2 "o on ! ,becom+2 "o on ,law2 "o on ! usual ,education ( ! ,greeks2 "o on ,sight2 "o on ! ,:ole2 "o on ,signs2 "o on ! ,doctr9es ( ! ,py?agoreans2 "o on ,?+s 9 ,g5]al2 "o on ,/yles2 five essays on ,problems relat+ to ,hom]2 "o on ! ,be>+ ( ! ,poets4 ,!re is also an essay on ,art by him1 & two books ( ,solutions & ,je/s1 & ,rem9isc5ces1 & "o call$ ! ,e?ics ( ,crates4 ,^! are ! books ( :i* he 0 ! au?or4 ,v4 ,b at la/ he left ,crates1 & became ! pupil ( ! philosoph]s :om ,i h m5tion$ be=e1 & cont9u$ ) !m = tw5ty ye>s4 ,s t x is relat$ t he said1 8,i n[ f9d t ,i made a prosp]\s voyage :5 ,i 0 wreck$40 ,b "s affirm t he made ?is spee* 9 ref]5ce to ,crates4 ,o!rs say1 t :ile he 0 /ay+ at ,a!ns he he>d ( a %ipwreck1 & said1 8,=tune does well 9 hav+ driv5 u on philosophy40 ,b z "s relate ! affair1 he 0 n wreck$ at all1 b sold all 8 c>go at ,a!ns1 & !n turn$ to philosophy4 ,,vi4 ,& he us$ to walk up & d[n 9 ! beautiful colonnade :i* is call$ ! ,peisianactium1 & :i* is also call$ 1 f ! pa9t+s ( ,polygnotus1 & !re he deliv]$ 8 disc\rses1 wi%+ to make t spot tranquil2 = 9 ! "t ( ! ?irty1 ne>ly f\rte5 hundr$ ( ! citiz5s _h be5 murd]$ !re by !m4 ,,vii4 ,accord+ly1 = ! future1 m5 came ?i!r to he> him1 & f ?is 8 pupils 7 call$ ,/oics1 & s 7 8 successors also1 :o _h be5 at fir/ call$ ,z5onians1 z ,epicurus tells u 9 8 ,epi/les4 ,& be=e ?is "t1 ! poets :o frequ5t$ ?is colonnade 77 _h be5 call$ ,/oics1 z we are in=m$ by ,erato/h5es1 9 ! eigh? book ( 8 treatise on ! ,old ,com$y2 b n[ ,z5o's pupils made ! "n m notori\s4 ,n[ ! ,a!nians _h a great respect = ,z5o1 s t !y gave him ! keys ( _! walls1 & !y also hon\r$ him ) a gold5 cr[n1 & a braz5 /atue2 & ?is 0 also done by 8 own c\ntrym51 :o ?\ght ! /atue ( su* a man an hon\r to _! city4 ,& ! ,cittians1 9 ! di/rict ( ,sidon1 also claim$ him z _! c\ntryman4 ,,viii4 ,he 0 also mu* respect$ by ,antigonus1 :o1 :5ev] he came to ,a!ns1 us$ to att5d 8 lectures1 & 0 con/antly invit+ him to come to him4 ,b he begg$ (f himself1 & s5t ,p]su1 "o ( 8 intimate fri5ds1 :o 0 ! son ( ,demetrius1 & a ,cittian by bir?1 & :o fl\ri%$ ab\t ! hundr$ & ?irtie? olympiad1 :5 ,z5o 0 an old man4 ,! lett] ( ,antigonus to ,z5o 0 z foll[s1 & x is report$ by ,apollonius1 ! ,syrian1 9 8 essay on ,z5o4 ,,k+ ,,antigonus ,,to ,,z5o ,,! ,,philosoph]1 ,,greet+4 8,i ?9k t 9 good =tune & glory ,i h ! advantage ( y2 b 9 reason & education ,i am inf]ior to y1 & also 9 t p]fect happ9ess :i* y h atta9$ to4 ,on :i* acc\nt ,i h ?\ght x good to address y1 & invite y to come to me1 be+ conv9c$ t y w n refuse :at is ask$ ( y4 ,endeav\r1 !re=e1 by all means to come to me1 consid]+ ?is fact1 t y w n be ! in/ructor ( me alone1 b ( all ! ,mac$onians toge!r4 ,= he :o in/ructs ! rul] ( ! ,mac$onians1 & :o leads him 9 ! pa? ( virtue1 evid5tly m>%als all 8 subjects on ! road to happ9ess4 ,= z ! rul] is1 s is x natural t 8 subjects = ! mo/ "p %\ld be also40 ,& ,z5o wrote him back ! foll[+ answ]4 ,,z5o ,,to ,,k+ ,,antigonus1 ,,greet+4 8,i admire y\r desire = le>n+1 z be+ a true object = ! wi%es ( mank9d1 & "o too t t5ds to _! advantage4 ,& ! man :o aims at ! /udy ( philosophy has a prop] disreg>d = ! popul> k9d ( in/ruction :i* t5ds only to ! corruption ( ! morals4 ,& y1 pass+ by ! pleasure :i* is s mu* spok5 (1 :i* makes ! m9ds ( "s "y m5 effem9ate1 %[ pla9ly t y are incl9$ to noble pursuits1 n m]ely by y\r nature1 b also by y\r own delib]ate *oice4 ,& a noble nature1 :5 x has receiv$ ev5 a slight degree ( tra9+1 & :i* also meets ) ^? :o w tea* x abundantly1 proce$s )\t difficulty to a p]fect atta9m5t ( virtue4 ,b ,i n[ f9d my bodily heal? impair$ by old age1 = ,i am eighty ye>s old3 on :i* acc\nt ,i am unable to come to y4 ,b ,i s5d y "s ( ^? :o h /udi$ ) me1 :o 9 t le>n+ :i* has ref]5ce to ! s\l1 are 9 no respect inf]ior to me1 & 9 _! bodily vig\r are greatly my sup]iors4 ,& if y associate ) !m y w want no?+ t c be> ^u p]fect happ9ess40 ,s he s5t him ,p]su & ,philonides1 ! ,!ban1 bo? ( :om are m5tion$ by ,epicurus1 9 8 lett] to 8 bro!r ,ari/obulus1 z be+ companions ( ,antigonus4 ,,ix4 ,& ,i h ?\ght x wor? :ile also to set d[n ! decree ( ! ,a!nians conc]n+ him2 & x is c\*$ 9 ! foll[+ language4 8,9 ! ar*on%ip ( ,arrh5ides1 9 ! fif? presid5cy ( ! tribe ,acamantis1 on ! tw5ty-fir/ day ( ! mon? ,maimact]ion1 on ! tw5ty-?ird day ( ! a=esaid presid5cy1 9 a duly conv5$ assembly1 ,hippo1 ! son ( ,crati/oteles1 ( ! bor\gh ( ,xypetion1 be+ "o ( ! presid5ts1 & ! re/ ( ! presid5ts1 8 colleagues1 put ! foll[+ decree to ! vote4 ,& ! decree 0 propos$ by ,?rason1 ( ,anaca1 ! son ( ,?rason4 8,s9ce ,z5o ! son ( ,mnaseas1 ! ,cittian1 has pass$ _m ye>s 9 ! city1 9 ! /udy ( philosophy1 be+ 9 all o!r respects a good man1 & also exhort+ all ! "y m5 :o h s\ght 8 company to ! practice ( virtue1 & enc\rag+ !m 9 ! practice ( temp]ance2 mak+ 8 own life a model to all m5 ( ! greate/ excell5ce1 s9ce x has 9 e respect correspond$ to ! doctr9es :i* he has taught2 x has be5 det]m9$ by ! p 7& may ! det]m9ation be =tunate71 to praise ,z5o1 ! son ( ,mnaseas1 ! ,cittian1 & to pres5t him ) a gold5 cr[n 9 accordance ) ! law1 on acc\nt ( 8 virtue & temp]ance1 & to build him a tomb 9 ! ,c]amicus1 at ! public exp5se4 ,& ! p has appo9t$ by its vote five m5 f among ! citiz5s ( ,a!ns1 :o %all see to ! mak+ ( ! cr[n & ! build+ ( ! tomb4 ,& ! scribe ( ! bor\gh %all enrol ! decree & engrave x on two pill>s1 & he %all be p]mitt$ to place "o pill> 9 ! ,academy1 & "o 9 ! ,lyceum4 ,& he :o is appo9t$ to sup]9t5d ! "w %all divide ! exp5se t ! pill>s am\nt to1 9 su* a way t e "o may und]/& t ! :ole p ( ,a!ns hon\rs good m5 bo? :ile !y are liv+ & aft] !y are dead4 ,& ,?rason ( ,anaca1 ,philocles ( ! ,piru1 ,phdrus ( ,anaphly/os1 ,m$on ( ,a*>n1 ,micy?us ( ,sypalettus1 & ,dion ( ,pania1 are h]eby appo9t$ to sup]9t5d ! build+ ( ! tomb40 ,^! !n are ! t]ms ( ! decree4 ,x4 ,b ,antigonus1 ( ,c>y/os1 says1 t ,z5o himself nev] d5i$ t he 0 a native ( ,cittium4 ,= t :5 on "o occasion1 !re 0 a citiz5 ( t t[n :o _h contribut$ to ! build+ ( "s ba?s1 & 0 hav+ 8 "n engrav$ on ! pill>1 z ! c\ntryman ( ,z5o ! philosoph]1 he bade !m add1 8,( ,cittium40 ,,xi4 ,& at ano!r "t1 :5 he _h _h a holl[ cov]+ made = "s vessel1 he c>ri$ x ab\t = "s money1 9 ord] to procure pres5t relief = "s difficulties :i* 7 di/ress+ ,crates 8 ma/]4 ,& !y say t he1 :5 he fir/ arriv$ 9 ,greece1 _h m ?an a ?\s& tal5ts1 :i* he l5t out at nautical usury4 ,,xii4 ,& he us$ to eat little loaves & honey1 & to dr9k a small quantity ( sweet smell+ w9e4 ,,xiii4 ,he _h v few y\?ful acqua9tances ( ! male sex1 & he did n cultivate !m mu*1 le/ he %\ld be ?\ght to be a misogyni/4 ,& he dwelt 9 ! same h\se ) ,p]su2 & once1 :5 he br\ght 9 a female flute-play] to him1 he ha/5$ to br+ h] back to him4 ,,xiv4 ,& he 01 x is said1 ( a v accommodat+ temp]2 s mu* s1 t ,antigonus1 ! k+1 (t5 came to d9e ) him1 & (t5 c>ri$ him (f to d9e ) him1 at ! h\se ( ,ari/ocles ! h>p-play]2 b :5 he 0 !re1 he w\ld pres5tly /eal away4 ,,xv4 ,x is also said t he avoid$ a cr[d ) great c>e1 s t he us$ to sit at ! end ( a b5*1 9 ord] at all ev5ts to avoid be+ incommod$ on "o side4 ,& he nev] us$ to walk ) m ?an two or ?ree companions4 ,& he us$ at times to exact a piece ( money f all :o came to he> him1 ) a view ( n be+ di/ress$ by numb]s2 & ?is /ory is told by ,clean!s1 9 8 treatise on ,braz5 ,money4 ,& :5 he 0 surr\nd$ by any great cr[d1 he w\ld po9t to a balu/rade ( wood at ! end ( ! colonnade :i* surr\nd$ an alt>1 & say1 8,t 0 once 9 ! middle ( ?is place1 b x 0 plac$ ap>t because x 0 9 p's way2 & n[1 if y w only )draw f ! middle "h1 y too w incommode me mu* less40 ,,xvi4 ,& :5 ,demo*>es1 ! son ( ,la*es1 embrac$ him once1 & said t he w\ld tell ,antigonus1 or write to him ( ev]y?+ :i* he want$1 z he always did ev]y?+ = him1 ,z5o1 :5 he _h he>d him say ?is1 avoid$ 8 company = ! future4 ,& x is said1 t aft] ! dea? ( ,z5o1 ,antigonus said1 8,:at a spectacle h ,i lo/40 ,on :i* acc\nt he employ$ ,?rason1 _! ambassador1 to entreat ( ! ,a!nians to all[ him to be buri$ 9 ! ,c]amicus4 ,& :5 he 0 ask$ :y he _h su* an admiration = him1 he repli$1 8,because1 ?\gh ,i gave him a great _m important pres5ts1 he 0 nev] elat$1 & nev] humbl$40 ,,xvii4 ,he 0 a man ( a v inve/igat+ _s1 & "o :o inquir$ v m9utely into ev]y?+2 9 ref]5ce to :i*1 ,timon1 9 8 ,silli1 speaks ?us3-- ,i saw an ag$ woman ( ,phnicia1 ,hungry & covet\s1 9 a pr\d obscurity1 ,long+ = ev]y?+4 ,%e _h a basket ,s full ( holes t x reta9$ no?+4 ,likewise h] m9d 0 less ?an a sk9dapsus4#ha ,he us$ to /udy v c>efully ) ,philo1 ! dialectician1 & to argue ) him at _! mutual leisure2 on :i* acc\nt he excit$ ! wond] ( ! y\ng] ,z5o1 no less ?an ,diodorus 8 ma/]4 ,,xviii4 ,!re 7 also a lot ( dirty begg>s always ab\t him1 z ,timon tells u1 :]e he says3-- ,till he collect$ a va/ cl\d ( begg>s1 ,:o 7 ( all m5 9 ! _w ! poore/1 ,& ! mo/ wor?less citiz5s ( ,a!ns4 ,& he himself 0 a man ( a morose & bitt] c\nt5ance1 ) a con/antly fr[n+ expression4 ,he 0 v economical1 & desc5d$ ev5 to ! meanness ( ! b>b>ians1 "u ! pret5ce ( economy4 ,,xix4 ,if he reprov$ any "o1 he did x ) brevity & )\t exagg]ation1 & z x 71 at a di/ance4 ,i allude1 = in/ance1 to ! way 9 :i* he spoke ( a man :o took exce$+ pa9s 9 sett+ himself (f1 = z he 0 cross+ a gutt] ) great hesitation1 he said1 8,he is "r to look d[n ^u ! mud1 = he _c see himself 9 x40 ,& :5 "s ,cynic "o day said t he _h no oil 9 8 cruise1 & ask$ him = "s1 he refus$ to give him any1 b bade him g away & consid] :i* ( ! two 0 ! m impud5t4 ,he 0 v mu* 9 love ) ,*remonides2 & once1 :5 he & ,clean!s 7 bo? sitt+ by him1 he got up2 & z ,clean!s wond]$ at ?is1 he said1 8,i he> f skilful physicians t ! be/ ?+ = "s tum\rs is re/40 ,once1 :5 two p 7 sitt+ above him at table at a banquet1 & ! "o next him kept kick+ ! o!r ) 8 foot1 he himself kick$ him ) 8 knee2 & :5 he turn$ r\nd ^u him = do+ s1 he said1 8,:y !n d y ?9k t y\r o!r neighb\r is to be treat$ 9 ?is way by y80 ,on "o occasion he said to a man :o 0 v fond ( "y boys1 t 8,s*oolma/]s :o 7 always associat+ ) boys _h no m intellect ?an ! boys !mselves40 ,he us$ also to say t ! disc\rses ( ^? m5 :o 7 c>eful to avoid solecisms1 & to adh]e to ! /ricte/ rules ( composition1 7 l ,alex&r9e money1 !y 7 pleas+ to ! eye & well-=m$ l ! co91 b 7 no?+ ! bett] = t2 b ^? :o 7 n s p>ticul> he lik5$ to ! ,attic tetradra*mas1 :i* 7 /ruck at r&om & )\t any great nicety1 & s he said t _! disc\rses (t5 outweigh$ ! m poli%$ /yles ( ! o!rs4 ,& :5 ,ari/on1 8 disciple1 _h be5 hold+ =? a good deal )\t mu* wit1 b /ill 9 "s po9ts ) a good deal ( read9ess & confid5ce1 he said to him1 8,x w\ld be impossible = y to speak ?us1 if y\r fa!r _h n be5 drunk :5 he begat y20 & = ! same reason he nicknam$ him ! *att]]1 z he himself 0 v concise 9 8 spee*es4 ,once1 :5 he 0 9 company ) an epicure :o usually left no?+ = 8 messmates1 & :5 a l>ge fi% 0 set be=e him1 he took x all z if he c\ld eat ! :ole ( x2 & :5 ! o!rs look$ at him ) a/oni%m5t1 he said1 8,:at !n d y ?9k t y\r companions feel e day1 if y _c be> ) my gluttony = "o day80 ,on "o occasion1 :5 a y\? 0 ask+ him que/ions ) a p]t9acity unsuit$ to 8 age1 he l$ him to a look+-glass & bade him look at himself1 & !n ask$ him :e!r su* que/ions appe>$ suitable to ! face he saw !re4 ,& :5 a man said be=e him once1 t 9 mo/ po9ts he did n agree ) ! doctr9es ( ,anti/h5es1 he quot$ to him an apoph!gm ( ,sophocles1 & ask$ him :e!r he ?\ght !re 0 mu* s5se 9 t1 & :5 he said t he did n "k1 8,are y n !n a%am$10 said he1 8to pick out & recollect any?+ bad :i* may h be5 said by ,anti/h5es1 b n to reg>d or rememb] :atev] is said t is good80 ,a man once said1 t ! say+s ( ! philosoph]s appe>$ to him v trivial2 8,y say true10 repli$ ,z5o1 8& _! syllables too ought to be %ort1 if t is possible40 ,:5 "s "o spoke to him ( ,polemo1 & said t he propos$ "o "q = discussion & !n argu$ ano!r1 he became angry1 & said1 8,at :at value did he e/imate ! subject t _h be5 propos$80 ,& he said t a man :o 0 to discuss a "q ought to h a l\d voice & great en]gy1 l ! actors1 b n to op5 8 m\? too wide1 :i* ^? :o speak a great deal b only talk nons5se usually d4 ,& he us$ to say t !re 0 no ne$ = ^? :o argu$ well to leave _! he>]s room to look ab\t !m1 z good workm5 d :o want to h _! "w se52 b t1 on ! contr>y1 ^? :o are li/5+ to !m ought to be s att5tive to all t is said z to h no leisure to take notes4 ,once :5 a "y man 0 talk+ a great deal1 he said1 8,y\r e>s h run d[n into y\r tongue40 ,on "o occasion a v h&some man 0 say+ t a wise man did n appe> to him likely to fall 9 love2 8,!n10 said he1 8,i _c imag9e any?+ t w be m mis]able ?an y good-look+ fell[s40 ,he also us$ (t5 to say t mo/ philosoph]s 7 wise 9 great ?+s1 b ignorant ( petty subjects & *ance details2 & he us$ to cite ! say+ ( ,caphesius1 :o1 :5 "o ( 8 pupils 0 lab\r+ h>d to be able to bl[ v p[]fully1 gave him a slap1 & said1 t excell5ce did n dep5d ^u greatness1 b greatness on excell5ce4 ,once1 :5 a "y man 0 argu+ v confid5tly1 he said1 8,i %\ld n l to say1 ,o y\?1 all t occurs to me40 ,& once1 :5 a h&some & weal?y ,rhodian1 b "o :o _h no o!r qualification1 0 press+ him to take him z a pupil1 he1 z he 0 n incl9$ to receive him1 fir/ ( all made him sit on ! du/y seats t he might dirt 8 cloak1 !n he put him d[n 9 ! place ( ! poor t he might rub aga9/ _! rags1 & at la/ ! "y man w5t away4 ,"o ( 8 say+s us$ to be1 t vanity 0 ! mo/ unbecom+ ( all ?+s1 & especially s 9 ! "y4 ,ano!r 01 t "o ought n to try & recollect ! exact words & expressions ( a disc\rse1 b to fix all "o's att5tion on ! arrangem5t ( ! argum5ts1 in/ead ( treat+ x z if x 7 a piece ( boil$ meat1 or "s delicate eatable4 ,he us$ also to say t "y m5 ought to ma9ta9 ! mo/ scrupul\s res]ve 9 _! walk+1 _! gait1 & _! dress2 & he 0 con/antly quot+ ! l9es ( ,euripides on ,capaneus1 t-- ,8 weal? 0 ample4 ,b yet no pride did m+le ) 8 /ate1 ,nor _h he haughty ?\ght1 or arrogance ,m ?an ! poore/ man4 ,& "o ( 8 say+s us$ to be1 t no?+ 0 m unfri5dly to ! compreh5sion ( ! accurate sci5ces ?an poetry2 & t !re 0 no?+ t we /ood 9 s mu* ne$ ( z "t4 ,:5 he 0 ask$ :at a fri5d 01 he repli$1 8,ano!r ,i40 ,!y say t he 0 once sc\rg+ a slave :om he _h detect$ 9 !ft2 & :5 he said to him1 8,x 0 fat$ t ,i %\ld /eal20 he rejo9$1 8,yes1 & t y %\ld be beat540 ,he us$ to call beauty ! fl[] ( ! voice2 b "s report ?is z if he _h said t ! voice is ! fl[] ( beauty4 ,on "o occasion1 :5 he saw a slave belong+ to "o ( 8 fri5ds sev]ely bruis$1 he said to 8 fri5d1 8,i see ! foot/eps ( y\r ang]40 ,he once acco/$ a man :o 0 all ov] ungu5ts & p]fumes1 8,:o is ?is :o smells l a woman80 ,:5 ,dionysius ,meta!m5us ask$ him :y he 0 ! only p]son :om he did n correct1 he repli$1 8,because ,i h no confid5ce 9 y40 ,a "y man 0 talk+ a great deal ( nons5se1 & he said to him1 8,?is is ! reason :y we h two e>s & only "o m\?1 t we may he> m & speak less40 ,once1 :5 he 0 at an ent]ta9m5t & rema9$ :olly sil5t1 he 0 ask$ :at ! reason 02 & s he bade ! p]son :o f\nd fault ) him tell ! k+ t !re 0 a man 9 ! room :o knew h[ to hold 8 tongue2 n[ ! p :o ask$ him ?is 7 ambassadors :o _h come f ,ptolemy1 & :o wi%$ to "k :at report !y 7 to make ( him to ! k+4 ,he 0 once ask$ h[ he felt :5 p abus$ him1 & he said1 8,z an ambassador feels :5 he is s5t away )\t an answ]40 ,apollonius ( ,tyre tells u1 t :5 ,crates dragg$ him by ! cloak away f ,/ilpo1 he said1 8,o ,crates1 ! prop] way to take hold ( philosoph]s is by ! e>s2 s n[ d y conv9ce me & drag me by !m2 b if y use =ce t[>ds me1 my body may be ) y1 b my m9d ) ,/ilpo40 ,,xx4 ,he us$ to devote a good deal ( "t to ,diodorus1 z we le>n f ,hippobotus2 & he /udi$ dialectics "u him4 ,& :5 he _h made a good deal ( progress he atta*$ himself to ,polemo because ( 8 fre$om f arrogance1 s t x is report$ t he said to him1 8,i am n ignorant1 ,o ,z5o1 t y slip into ! g>d5-door & /eal my doctr9es1 & !n clo! !m 9 a ,phnician dress40 ,:5 a dialectician once %[$ him sev5 species ( dialectic argum5t 9 ! m[+ argum5t1#hb he ask$ him h[ mu* he *>g$ = !m1 & :5 he said 8,a hundr$ dra*mas10 he gave him two hundr$1 s exce$+ly devot$ 0 he to le>n+4 ,,xxi4 ,!y say too1 t he 0 ! fir/ :o ev] employ$ ! ^w duty 771 & :o wrote a treatise on ! subject4 ,& t he alt]$ ! l9es ( ,hesiod ?us3-- ,he is ! be/ ( all m5 :o submits ,to foll[ good advice2 he too is good1 ,:o ( himself p]ceives :ate'er is fit4#hc ,= he said t t man :o _h ! capacity to give a prop] he>+ to :at 0 said1 & to avail himself ( x1 0 sup]ior to him :o compreh5d$ ev]y?+ by 8 own intellect2 = t ! "o _h only compreh5sion1 b ! "o :o took good advice _h action also4 ,,xxii4 ,:5 he 0 ask$ :y he1 :o 0 g5]ally au/]e1 relax$ at a d9n] p>ty1 he said1 8,lup9s too are bitt]1 b :5 !y are soak$ !y become sweet40 ,& ,hecaton1 9 ! second book ( 8 ,apoph!gms1 says1 t 9 ent]ta9m5ts ( t k9d1 he us$ to indulge himself freely4 ,& he us$ to say t x 0 bett] to trip ) ! feet1 ?an ) ! tongue4 ,& t goodness 0 atta9$ by little & little1 b 0 n itself a small ?+4 ,"s au?ors1 h[ev]1 attribute ?is say+ to ,socrates4 ,,xxiii4 ,he 0 a p]son ( great p[]s ( ab/95ce & endurance2 & ( v simple habits1 liv+ on food :i* requir$ no fire to dress x1 & we>+ a ?9 cloak1 s t x 0 said ( him3-- ,! cold ( w9t]1 & ! ceaseless ra91 ,come p[]less aga9/ him2 weak is ! d>t ,( ! fi]ce summ] sun1 or fell disease1 ,to b5d t iron frame4 ,he /&s ap>t1 ,9 n\ght resembl+ ! va/ common cr[d2 ,b1 pati5t & unwe>i$1 night & day1 ,cl+s to 8 /udies & philosophy4 ,,xxiv4 ,& ! comic poets1 )\t int5d+ x1 praise him 9 _! v attempts to turn him into ridicule4 ,philemon speaks ?us ( him 9 8 play entitl$ ! ,philosoph]s3-- ,?is man adopts a new philosophy1 ,he tea*es to be hungry2 nev]!less1 ,he gets disciples4 ,bread 8 only food1 ,8 be/ des]t dri$ figs2 wat] 8 dr9k4 ,b "s attribute ^! l9es to ,posidippus4 ,& !y h become almo/ a prov]b4 ,accord+ly x us$ to be said ( him1 8,m temp]ate ?an ,z5o ! philosoph]40 ,posidippus also writes ?us 9 8 ,m5 ,transport$3-- ,s t = t5 :ole days he did appe> ,m temp]ate ?an ,z5o's self4 ,,xxv4 ,= 9 reality he did surpass all m5 9 ?is description ( virtue1 & 9 dignity ( demean\r1 &1 by ,jove1 9 happ9ess4 ,= he liv$ n9ety-eight ye>s1 & !n di$1 )\t any disease1 & cont9u+ 9 good heal? to ! la/4 ,b ,p]su1 9 8 ,e?ical ,s*ool1 /ates t he di$ at ! age ( sev5ty-two1 & t he came to ,a!ns :5 he 0 tw5ty-two ye>s old4 ,b ,apollonius says t he presid$ ov] 8 s*ool = =ty-eight ye>s4 ,,xxvi4 ,& he di$ 9 ! foll[+ mann]4 ,:5 he 0 go+ out ( 8 s*ool1 he tripp$1 & broke "o ( 8 toes2 & /rik+ ! gr\nd ) 8 h&1 he repeat$ ! l9e out ( ! ,niobe3-- ,i come3 :y call me s8 ,& imm$iately he /rangl$ himself1 & s he di$4 ,b ! ,a!nians buri$ him 9 ! ,c]amicus1 & hon\r$ him ) ! decrees :i* ,i h m5tion$ be=e1 be>+ witness to 8 virtue4 ,& ,antipat]1 ! ,sidonian1 wrote an inscription = him1 :i* runs ?us3-- ,"h ,cittium's pride1 wise ,z5o1 lies1 :o climb'd ,! summits ( ,olympus2 b unmov$ ,by wick$ ?\ghts ne'er /rove to raise on ,ossa ,! p9e-clad ,pelion2 nor did he emulate ,?' immortal toils ( ,h]cules2 b f\nd ,a new way = himself to ?' highe/ heav51 ,by virtue1 temp]ance1 & mode/y4 ,& ,z5odotus1 ! ,/oic1 a disciple ( ,diog5es1 wrote ano!r3-- ,y made cont5tm5t ! *ief rule ( life1 ,despis+ haughty weal?1 ,o ,god-l ,z5o4 ,) solemn look1 & ho>y br[ s]5e1 ,y taught a manly doctr9e2 & did/ f\nd ,by y\r deep wisdom1 a great novel s*ool1 ,*a/e p>5t ( unfe>+ lib]ty4 ,& if y\r c\ntry 0 ,phnicia1 ,:y ne$ we grieve1 f t l& ,cadmus came1 ,:o gave to ,greece h] writt5 books ( wisdom4 ,& ,a!nu1 ! ,epigrammatic poet1 speaks ?us ( all ! ,/oics 9 common3-- ,o1 ye :o've le>nt ! doctr9es ( ! ,por*1 ,& h committ$ to y\r books div9e ,! be/ ( human le>n+2 tea*+ m5 ,t ! m9d's virtue is ! only good4 ,& %e x is :o keeps ! lives ( m51 ,& cities1 saf] ?an high gates or walls4 ,b ^? :o place _! happ9ess 9 pleasure1 ,are l$ by ! lea/ wor?y ( ! ,muses4 ,& we also h ourselves spok5 ( ! mann] ( ,z5o's dea?1 9 our collection ( poems 9 all metres1 9 ! foll[+ t]ms3-- ,"s say t ,z5o1 pride ( ,cittium1 ,di$ ( old age1 :5 weak & q worn out2 ,"s say t fam9e's cruel too? did slay him2 ,"s t he fell1 & /rik+ h>d ! gr\nd1 ,said1 8,see1 ,i come1 :y call me ?us impati5tly80 ,= "s say t ?is 0 ! way 9 :i* he di$4 ,& ?is is en\gh to say conc]n+ 8 dea?4 ,,xxvii4 ,b ,demetrius1 ! ,magnesian1 says1 9 8 essay on ,p ( ! ,same ,"n1 t 8 fa!r ,mnaseas (t5 came to ,a!ns1 z he 0 a m]*ant1 & t he us$ to br+ back _m ( ! books ( ! ,socratic philosoph]s1 to ,z5o1 :ile he 0 /ill only a boy2 & t1 f ?is circum/ance1 ,z5o _h already become talk$ ( 9 8 own c\ntry2 & t 9 consequ5ce ( ?is he w5t to ,a!ns1 :]e he atta*$ himself to ,crates4 ,& x seems1 he adds1 t x 0 he :o fir/ recomm5d$ a cle> enunciation ( pr9ciples1 z ! be/ rem$y = error4 ,he is said1 too1 to h be5 9 ! habit ( swe>+ 8,by ,cap]s10 z ,socrates swore 8,by ! ,dog40 ,,xxviii4 ,"s1 inde$1 among :om is ,cassius ! ,sceptic1 attack ,z5o on _m acc\nts1 say+ fir/ ( all t he d5\nc$ ! g5]al sy/em ( education 9 vogue at ! "t1 z useless1 :i* he did 9 ! beg9n+ ( 8 ,republic4 ,& 9 ! second place1 t he us$ to call all :o 7 n virtu\s1 adv]s>ies1 & enemies1 & slaves1 & unfri5dly to "o ano!r1 p>5ts to _! *ildr51 bre?r5 to bre?r51 & k9sm5 to k9sm52 & aga91 t 9 8 ,republic1 he speaks ( ! virtu\s z ! only citiz5s1 & fri5ds1 & relations1 & free m51 s t 9 ! doctr9e ( ! ,/oic1 ev5 p>5ts & _! *ildr5 are enemies2 = !y are n wise4 ,also1 t he lays d[n ! pr9ciple ( ! community ( wom5 bo? 9 8 ,republic & 9 a poem ( two hundr$ v]ses1 & tea*es t nei!r temples nor c\rts ( law1 nor gymnasia1 ought to be erect$ 9 a city2 moreov]1 t he writes ?us ab\t money1 8,t he does n ?9k t m5 ought to co9 money ei!r = purposes ( traffic1 or ( travell+40 ,besides all ?is1 he enjo9s m5 & wom5 to we> ! same dress1 & to leave no "p ( _! p]son uncov]$4 ,,xxix4 ,& t ?is treatise on ! ,republic is 8 "w we are assur$ by ,*rysippus1 9 8 ,republic4 ,he also discuss$ amatory subjects 9 ! beg9n+ ( t book ( 8 :i* is entitl$ ! ,art ( ,love4 ,& 9 8 ,conv]sations he writes 9 a simil> mann]4 ,su* are ! *>ges made aga9/ him by ,cassius1 & also by ,isidorus1 ( ,p]gamus1 ! orator1 :o says t all ! unbecom+ doctr9es & ass]tions ( ! ,/oics 7 cut out ( _! books by ,a!nodorus1 ! ,/oic1 :o 0 ! curator ( ! libr>y at ,p]gamus4 ,& t subsequ5tly !y 7 replac$1 z ,a!nodorus 0 detect$1 & plac$ 9 a situation ( great dang]2 & ?is is suffici5t to say ab\t ^? doctr9es ( 8 :i* 7 impugn$4 ,,xxx4 ,!re 7 eight diff]5t p]sons ( ! "n ( ,z5o4 ,! fir/ 0 ! ,eleatic1 :om we %all m5tion h]eaft]2 ! second 0 ?is man ( :om we are n[ speak+2 ! ?ird 0 a ,rhodian1 :o wrote a hi/ory ( 8 c\ntry 9 "o book2 ! f\r? 0 a hi/orian :o wrote an acc\nt ( ! exp$ition ( ,pyrrhus into ,italy & ,sicily2 & also an epitome ( ! transactions betwe5 ! ,romans & ,c>?ag9ians2 ! fif? 0 a disciple ( ,*rysippus1 :o wrote v few books1 b :o left a great numb] ( disciples2 ! six? 0 a physician ( ,h]ophila1 a v %rewd man 9 intellect1 b a v indiff]5t writ]2 ! sev5? 0 a gramm>ian1 :o1 besides o!r writ+s1 has left "s epigrams beh9d him2 ! eigh? 0 a ,sidonian by desc5t1 a philosoph] ( ! ,epicurean s*ool1 a deep ?9k]1 & v cle> writ]4 ,,xxxi4 ,! disciples ( ,z5o 7 v num]\s4 ,! mo/ em95t 71 fir/ ( all1 ,p]su1 ( ,cittium1 ! son ( ,demetrius1 :om "s call a fri5d ( 81 b o!rs describe him z a s]vant & "o ( ! amanu5ses :o 7 s5t to him by ,antigonus1 to ^: son1 ,halcyoneus1 he also act$ z tutor4 ,& ,antigonus once1 wi%+ to make trial ( him1 caus$ "s false news to be br\ght to him t 8 e/ate _h be5 ravag$ by ! enemy2 & z he began to look gloomy at ?is news1 he said to him1 8,y see t weal? is n a matt] ( indiff]5ce40 ,! foll[+ works are attribut$ to him4 ,"o on ,k+ly ,p[]2 "o entitl$ ! ,con/itution ( ! ,lac$monians2 "o on ,m>riage2 "o on ,impiety2 ! ,?ye/es2 an ,essay on ,love2 a volume ( ,exhortations2 "o ( ,conv]sations2 f\r ( ,apoph!gms2 "o ( ,rem9isc5ces2 sev5 treatises1 ! ,laws ( ,plato4 ,! next 0 ,ari/on1 ( ,*ios1 ! son ( ,miltiades1 :o 0 ! fir/ au?or ( ! doctr9e ( indiff]5ce2 !n ,h]illus1 :o call$ k ! *ief good2 !n ,dionysius1 :o transf]r$ ?is description to pleasure2 z1 on acc\nt ( ! viol5t disease :i* he _h 9 8 eyes1 he c\ld n yet br+ himself to call pa9 a ?+ indiff]5t4 ,he 0 a native ( ,h]aclea2 !re 0 also ,sphrus1 ( ! ,bosphorus2 & ,clean!s1 ( ,assos1 ! son ( ,phanias1 :o succe$$ him 9 8 s*ool1 & :om he us$ to lik5 to tablets ( h>d wax1 :i* are writt5 ^u ) difficulty1 b :i* reta9 :at is writt5 ^u !m4 ,& aft] ,z5o's dea?1 ,sphrus became a pupil ( ,clean!s4 ,& we %all speak ( him 9 our acc\nt ( ,clean!s4 ,^! also 7 all disciples ( ,z5o1 z we are told by ,hippobotus1 namely3--,philonides1 ( ,!bes2 ,callippus1 ( ,cor9?2 ,posidonius1 ( ,alex&ria2 ,a!nodorus1 ( ,soli2 & ,z5o1 a ,sidonian4 ,,xxxii4 ,& ,i h ?\ght x be/ to give a g5]al acc\nt ( all ! ,/oic doctr9es 9 ! life ( ,z5o1 because he x 0 :o 0 ! f\nd] ( ! sect4 ,he has writt5 a great _m books1 ( :i* ,i h already giv5 a li/1 9 :i* he has spok5 z no o!r ( ! ,/oics has4 ,& 8 doctr9es 9 g5]al are ^!4 ,b we w enum]ate !m briefly1 z we h be5 9 ! habit ( do+ 9 ! case ( ! o!r philosoph]s4 ,,xxxiii4 ,! ,/oics divide reason accord+ to philosophy1 into ?ree p>ts2 & say t "o "p relates to natural philosophy1 "o to e?ics1 & "o to logic4 ,& ,z5o1 ! ,cittian1 0 ! fir/ :o made ?is division1 9 8 treatise on ,reason2 & he 0 foll[$ 9 x by ,*rysippus1 9 ! fir/ book ( 8 treatise on ,reason1 & 9 ! fir/ book ( 8 treatise on ,natural ,philosophy2 & also by ,apollodorus2 & by ,syllus1 9 ! fir/ book ( 8 ,introduction to ! ,doctr9es ( ! ,/oics2 & by ,eudromus1 9 8 ,e?ical ,elem5ts2 & by ,diog5es1 ! ,babylonian2 & ,posidonius4 ,n[ ^! divisions are call$ topics by ,apollodorus1 species by ,*rysippus & ,eudromus1 & g5]a by all ! re/4 ,& !y comp>e philosophy to an animal1 lik5+ logic to ! bones & s9ews1 natural philosophy to ! fle%y p>ts1 & e?ical philosophy to ! s\l4 ,aga91 !y comp>e x to an egg2 call+ logic ! %ell1 & e?ics ! :ite1 & natural philosophy ! yolk4 ,also to a f]tile field2 9 :i* logic is ! f5ce :i* goes r\nd x1 e?ics are ! fruit1 & natural philosophy ! soil1 or ! fruit-trees4 ,aga91 !y comp>e x to a city =tifi$ by walls1 & regulat$ by reason2 & !n1 z "s ( !m say1 no "o "p is pref]r$ to ano!r1 b !y are all comb9$ & unit$ insep>ably2 & s !y treat ( !m all 9 comb9ation4 ,b o!rs class logic fir/1 natural philosophy second1 & e?ics ?ird2 z ,z5o does 9 8 treatise on ,reason1 & 9 ?is he is foll[$ by ,*rysippus1 & ,ar*$emus1 & ,eudromus4 ,= ,diog5es ( ,ptolemais beg9s ) e?ics2 b ,apollodorus places e?ics second2 & ,pantius & ,posidonius beg9 ) natural philosophy1 z ,phanias1 ! fri5d ( ,posidonius ass]ts1 9 ! fir/ book ( 8 treatise on ! ,s*ool ( ,posidonius4 ,b ,clean!s says1 t !re are six divisions ( reason accord+ to philosophy3 dialectics1 rhetoric1 e?ics1 politics1 physics1 & !ology2 b o!rs ass]t t ^! are n divisions ( reason1 b ( philosophy itself2 & ?is is ! op9ion advanc$ by ,z5o1 ( ,t>sus1 among o!rs4 ,,xxxiv4 ,"s aga9 say1 t ! logical division is prop]ly subdivid$ into two sci5ces1 namely1 rhetoric & dialectics2 & "s divide x also into def9itive species1 :i* is conv]sant ) rules & te/s2 :ile o!rs d5y ! propriety ( ?is la/ division altoge!r1 & argue t ! object ( rules & te/s is ! discov]y ( ! tru?2 = x is 9 ?is division t !y expla9 ! diff]5ces ( repres5tations4 ,!y also argue t1 on ! o!r side1 ! sci5ce ( def9itions has equally = its object ! discov]y ( tru?1 s9ce we only "k ?+s by ! int]v5tion ( ideas4 ,!y also call rhetoric a sci5ce conv]sant ab\t speak+ well conc]n+ matt]s :i* admit ( a detail$ n>rative2 & dialectics !y call ! sci5ce ( argu+ correctly 9 discussions :i* c be c>ri$ on by "q & answ]2 on :i* acc\nt !y def9e x ?us3 a k ( :at is true1 & false1 & nei!r "o ?+ nor ! o!r4 ,aga91 rhetoric itself !y divide into ?ree k9ds2 = "o description !y say is conc]n+ ab\t giv+ advice1 ano!r is =5sic1 & ! ?ird encomia/ic2 & x is also divid$ into sev]al p>ts1 "o relat+ to ! discov]y ( argum5ts1 "o to /yle1 "o to ! arrangem5t ( argum5ts1 & ! o!r to ! deliv]y ( ! spee*4 ,& a rhetorical oration !y divide into ! exordium1 ! n>ration1 ! reply to ! /atem5ts ( ! adv]se p>ty1 & ! p]oration4 ,,xxxv4 ,dialectics1 !y say1 is divid$ into two p>ts2 "o ( :i* has ref]5ce to ! ?+s signifi$1 ! o!r to ! expression4 ,t :i* has ref]5ce to ! ?+s signifi$ or spok5 (1 !y divide aga9 into ! topic ( ?+s conceiv$ 9 ! fancy1 & into ^? ( axioms1 ( p]fect det]m9ations1 ( pr$icam5ts1 ( ?+s alike1 :e!r upright or pro/rate1 ( tropes1 ( syllogisms1 & ( sophisms1 :i* are d]iv$ ei!r f ! voice or f ! ?+s4 ,& ^! sophisms are ( v>i\s k9ds2 !re is ! false "o1 ! "o :i* /ates facts1 ! negative1 ! sorites1 & o!rs l ^!2 ! imp]fect "o1 ! inexplicable "o1 ! conclusive "o1 ! veil$ "o1 ! horn$ "o1 ! nobody1 & ! m[]4 ,9 ! second "p ( dialectics1 t :i* has = its object ! expression1 !y treat ( writt5 language1 ( ! diff]5t p>ts ( a disc\rse1 ( solecism & b>b>ism1 ( poetical =ms ( expression1 ( ambiguity1 ( a melodi\s voice1 ( music2 & "s ev5 add def9itions1 divisions1 & diction4 ,!y say t ! mo/ useful ( ^! p>ts is ! consid]ation ( syllogisms2 = t !y %[ u :at are ! ?+s :i* are capable ( demon/ration1 & t contributes mu* to ! =mation ( our judgm5t1 & _! arrangem5t & memory give a sci5tific "* to our k4 ,!y def9e reason+ to be a sy/em compos$ ( assumptions & conclusions3 & syllogism is a syllogi/ic argum5t proce$+ on !m4 ,demon/ration !y def9e to be a me?od by :i* "o proce$s f t :i* is m kn[n to t :i* is less4 ,p]ception1 aga91 is an impression produc$ on ! m9d1 its "n be+ appropriately borr[$ f impressions on wax made by a seal2 & p]ception !y divide into compreh5sible & incompreh5sible3 ,compreh5sible1 :i* !y call ! crit]ion ( facts1 & :i* is produc$ by a real object1 & is1 !re=e1 at ! same "t con=mable to t object2 ,incompreh5sible1 :i* has no relation to any real object1 or else1 if x has any su* relation1 does n correspond to x1 be+ b a vague & indi/9ct repres5tation4 ,dialectics itself !y pron\nce to be a necess>y sci5ce1 & a virtue :i* compreh5ds sev]al o!r virtues "u its species4 ,& ! disposition n to take up "o side ( an argum5t ha/ily1 !y def9$ to be a k by :i* we are taught :5 we ought to agree to a /atem5t1 & :5 we ought to )hold our agreem5t4 ,discretion !y consid] to be a p[]ful reason1 hav+ ref]5ce to :at is becom+1 s z to prev5t our yield+ to an irrelevant argum5t4 ,irrefutability !y def9e to be a p[] 9 an argum5t1 :i* prev5ts "o f be+ drawn f x to its opposite4 ,fre$om f vanity1 accord+ to !m1 is a habit :i* ref]s ! p]ceptions back to "r reason4 ,aga91 !y def9e k itself z an ass]tion or safe compreh5sion1 or habit1 :i*1 9 ! p]ception ( :at is se51 nev] deviates f ! tru?4 ,& !y say fur!r1 t )\t dialectic speculation1 ! wise man _c be free f all error 9 8 reason+4 ,= t t is :at di/+ui%es :at is true f :at is false1 & :i* easily detects ^? argum5ts :i* are only plausible1 & ^? :i* dep5d ^u an ambiguity ( language4 ,& )\t dialectics !y say x is n possible to ask or answ] que/ions correctly4 ,!y also add1 t precipitation 9 d5ials ext5ds to ^? ?+s :i* are done1 s t ^? :o h n prop]ly ex]cis$ _! p]ceptions fall into irregul>ity & ?\ghtlessness4 ,aga91 )\t dialectics1 ! wise man _c be acute1 & +5i\s1 & w>y1 & altoge!r dang]\s z an argu]4 ,= t x belongs to ! same man to speak correctly & to reason correctly1 & to discuss prop]ly ^? subjects :i* are propos$ to him1 & to answ] readily :atev] que/ions are put to him1 all :i* qualities belong to a man :o is skilful 9 dialectics4 ,?is !n is a brief summ>y ( _! op9ions on logic4 ,,xxxvi4 ,&1 t we may also ent] into "s m m9ute details respect+ !m1 we w subjo9 :at ref]s to :at !y call _! introductory sci5ce1 z x is /at$ by ,diocles1 ( ,magnesia1 9 8 ,excursion ( ,philosoph]s1 :]e he speaks z foll[s1 & we w give 8 acc\nt ^w = ^w4 ,! ,/oics h *os5 to treat1 9 ! fir/ place1 ( p]ception & s5sation1 because ! crit]ion by :i* ! tru? ( facts is asc]ta9$ is a k9d ( p]ception1 & because ! judgm5t :i* expresses ! belief1 & ! compreh5sion1 & ! und]/&+ ( a ?+1 a judgm5t :i* prec$es all o!rs1 _c exi/ )\t p]ception4 ,= p]ception leads ! way2 & !n ?\ght1 f9d+ v5t 9 expressions1 expla9s 9 words ! feel+s :i* x d]ives f p]ception4 ,b !re is a diff]5ce betwe5 & 4 ,= is a conception ( ! intellect1 su* z takes place 9 sleep2 b is an impression1 1 produc$ on ! m9d1 t is to say1 an alt]ation1 1 z ,*rysippus /ates 9 ! twelf? book ( 8 treatise on ! ,s\l4 ,= we mu/ n take ?is impression to resemble t made by a seal1 s9ce x is impossible to conceive t !re %\ld be _m impressions made at ! same "t on ! same ?+4 ,b is und]/ood to be t :i* is impress$1 & =m$1 & impr9t$ by a real object1 accord+ to a real object1 9 su* a way z x c\ld n be by any o!r ?an a real object2 &1 accord+ to _! ideas ( ! 1 "s are s5sible1 & "s are n4 ,^? !y call s5sible1 :i* are d]iv$ by u f "s "o or m s5ses2 & ^? !y call n s5sible1 :i* emanate directly f ! ?\ght1 z = in/ance1 ^? :i* relate to incorporeal objects1 or any o!rs :i* are embrac$ by reason4 ,aga91 ^? :i* are s5sible1 are produc$ by a real object1 :i* imposes itself on ! intellig5ce1 & compels its acquiesc5ce2 & !re are also "s o!rs1 :i* are simply app>5t1 m]e %ad[s1 :i* resemble ^? :i* are produc$ by real objects4 ,aga91 ^! are divid$ into rational & irrational2 ^? :i* are rational belong to animals capable ( reason2 ^? :i* are irrational to animals de/itute ( reason4 ,^? :i* are rational are ?\ghts2 ^? :i* are irrational h no "n2 b are aga9 subdivid$ into artificial & n artificial4 ,at all ev5ts1 an image is contemplat$ 9 a diff]5t light by a man skilful 9 art1 f t 9 :i* x is view$ by a man ignorant ( art4 ,by s5sation1 ! ,/oics und]/& a species ( brea? :i* proce$s f ! dom9ant portion ( ! s\l to ! s5ses1 :e!r x be a s5sible p]ception1 or an organic disposition1 :i*1 accord+ to ! notions ( "s ( !m1 is crippl$ & vici\s4 ,!y also call s5sation ! en]gy1 or active ex]cise1 ( ! s5se4 ,accord+ to !m1 x is to s5sation t we owe our compreh5sion ( :ite & black1 & r\gh & smoo?3 f reason1 t we d]ive ! notions :i* result f a demon/ration1 ^? = in/ance :i* h = _! object ! exi/5ce ( ,gods1 & ( ,div9e ,provid5ce4 ,= all our ?\ghts are =m$ ei!r by indirect p]ception1 or by simil>ity1 or analogy1 or transposition1 or comb9ation1 or opposition4 ,by a direct p]ception1 we p]ceive ^? ?+s :i* are ! objects ( s5se2 by simil>ity1 ^? :i* />t f "s po9t pres5t to our s5ses2 z1 = in/ance1 we =m an idea ( ,socrates f 8 lik5ess4 ,we draw our conclusions by analogy1 adopt+ ei!r an increas$ idea ( ! ?+1 z ( ,tityus1 or ! ,cyclops2 or a dim9i%$ idea1 z ( a pigmy4 ,s1 too1 ! idea ( ! c5tre ( ! _w 0 "o d]iv$ by analogy f :at we p]ceiv$ to be ! case ( ! small] sph]es4 ,we use transposition :5 we fancy eyes 9 a man's brea/2 comb9ation1 :5 we take 9 ! idea ( a ,c5taur2 opposition1 :5 we turn our ?\ghts to dea?4 ,"s ideas we also d]ive f comp>ison1 = in/ance1 f a comp>ison ( words & places4 ,!re is also nature2 z by nature we compreh5d :at is j & good4 ,& privation1 :5 = in/ance1 we =m a notion ( a man )\t h&s4 ,su* are ! doctr9es ( ! ,/oics1 on ! subject ( phantasia1 & s5sation1 & ?\ght4 ,,xxxvii4 ,!y say t ! prop] crit]ion ( tru? is ! compreh5sion1 2 t is to say1 "o :i* is d]iv$ f a real object1 z ,*rysippus ass]ts 9 ! twelf? book ( 8 ,physics2 & he is foll[$ by ,antipat] & ,apollodorus4 ,= ,boe?us leaves a great _m crit]ia1 su* z intellect1 s5sation1 appetite1 & k2 b ,*rysippus diss5ts f 8 view1 & 9 ! fir/ book ( 8 treatise on ,reason1 says1 t s5sation & preconception are ! only crit]ia4 ,& preconception is1 accord+ to him1 a compreh5sive physical notion ( g5]al pr9ciples4 ,b o!rs ( ! e>li] ,/oics admit "r reason z "o crit]ion ( ! tru?2 = in/ance1 ?is is ! op9ion ( ,posidonius1 & is advanc$ by him 9 8 essay on ,crit]ia4 ,,xxxviii4 ,on ! subject ( logical speculation1 !re appe>s to be a great unanimity among ! great] "p ( ! ,/oics1 9 beg9n+ ) ! topic ( ! voice4 ,n[ voice is a p]cussion ( ! air2 or1 z ,diog5es1 ! ,babylonian1 def9es x1 9 8 essay on ! ,voice1 a s5sation peculi> to ! he>+4 ,! voice ( a bea/ is a m]e p]cussion ( ! air by "s impetus3 b ! voice ( a man is articulate1 & is emitt$ by intellect1 z ,diog5es lays x d[n1 & is n br\ght to p]fection 9 a %ort] p]iod ?an f\rte5 ye>s4 ,& ! voice is a body accord+ to ! ,/oics2 = s x is laid d[n by ,ar*$emus1 9 8 book on ! ,voice1 & by ,diog5es1 & ,antipat]1 & also by ,*rysippus1 9 ! second volume ( 8 ,physics4 ,= ev]y?+ :i* makes any?+1 is a body2 & ! voice makes some?+ :5 x proce$s to ^? :o he> f ^? :o speak4 ,a ^w 771 aga91 is1 accord+ to ,diog5es1 a voice consi/+ ( lett]s1 z 8,day40 ,a s5t5ce 77 is a significant voice1 s5t out by ! intellect1 z = in/ance1 8,x is day20 b dialect is a peculi> /yle impr9t$ on ! utt]ance ( nations1 accord+ to _! race2 & causes v>ieties 9 ! ,greek language1 be+ a sort ( local habit1 z = in/ance1 ! ,attics say 1 & ! ,ionians say 4 ,! elem5ts ( words are ! tw5ty-f\r lett]s2 & ! ^w lett] is us$ 9 a triple division ( s5se1 mean+ ! elem5t itself1 ! graphical sign ( ! elem5t1 & ! "n1 z ,alpha4 ,!re are sev5 v[els1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 six mutes1 1 1 1 1 1 4 ,b voice is diff]5t f a ^w1 because voice is a s\nd2 b a ^w is an articulate s\nd4 ,& a ^w diff]s f a s5t5ce1 because a s5t5ce is always significative ( some?+1 b a ^w by itself has no signification1 z = in/ance1 4 ,b ?is is n ! case ) a s5t5ce4 ,aga91 !re is a diff]5ce betwe5 speak+ & pron\nc+2 ! s\nds are pron\nc$1 b :at are spok5 are ?+s :i* are capable ( be+ spok5 (4 ,,xxxix4 ,n[ ( s5t5ces !re are five p>ts1 z ,diog5es tells u 9 8 treatise on ,voice2 & he is foll[$ by ,*rysippus4 ,!re is ! n\n1 ! common n\n1 ! v]b1 ! conjunction1 & ! article4 ,antipat] adds also quality1 9 8 treatise ^u ,words & ! ?+s express$ by !m4 ,& a common n\n 77 is1 accord+ to ,diog5es1 a "p ( a s5t5ce signify+ a common quality1 z = in/ance1 man1 horse4 ,b a n\n is a "p ( a s5t5ce signify+ a peculi> quality1 su* z ,diog5es1 ,socrates4 ,a v]b is a "p ( a s5t5ce signify+ an uncomb9$ categorem1 z ,diog5es 7 7 or1 z o!rs def9e x1 an elem5t ( a s5t5ce1 devoid ( case1 signify+ some?+ comp\nd 9 ref]5ce to "s p]son or p]sons1 z1 8,i write10 8,i say40 ,a conjunction is a "p ( a s5t5ce de/itute ( case1 unit+ ! divisions ( ! s5t5ce4 ,an article is an elem5t ( a s5t5ce1 hav+ cases1 def9+ ! g5d]s ( n\ns & _! numb]s1 z 1 1 1 1 1 4 ,,xl4 ,! excell5ces ( a s5t5ce are five1--good ,greek1 cle>ness1 concis5ess1 suitabl5ess1 elegance4 ,good ,greek 77 is a correct /yle1 accord+ to art1 keep+ alo( f any vulg> =m ( expression2 cle>ness is a /yle :i* /ates t :i* is conceiv$ 9 ! m9d 9 su* a way t x is easily kn[n2 concis5ess is a /yle :i* embraces all t is necess>y to ! cle> explanation ( ! subject "u discussion2 suitabl5ess is a /yle suit$ to ! subject2 elegance is a /yle :i* avoids all peculi>ity ( expression4 ,( ! vices ( a s5t5ce1 on ! o!r h&1 b>b>ism is a use ( words contr>y to t 9 vogue among ! well-educat$ ,greeks2 solecism is a s5t5ce incongru\sly put toge!r4 ,,xli4 ,a poetical expression is1 z ,posidonius def9es x 9 8 introduction on ,/yle1 8,a metrical or rhy?mical diction1 proce$+ 9 prep>ation1 & avoid+ all resemblance to prose40 ,= in/ance1 8,! va/ & b\ndless e>?10 8,?' expanse ( heav510 are rhy?mical expressions2 & poetry is a collection ( poetical expressions signify+ some?+1 conta9+ an imitation ( div9e & human be+s4 ,,xlii4 ,a def9ition is1 z ,antipat] expla9s x 9 ! fir/ book ( 8 treatise on ,def9itions1 a s5t5ce proce$+ by analysis enunciat$ 9 su* a way z to give a complete idea2 or1 z ,*rysippus says 9 8 treatise on ,def9itions1 x is ! explanation ( an idea4 ,description is a s5t5ce :i*1 9 a figurative mann]1 br+s "o to a k ( ! subject1 or x may be call$ a simpl] k9d ( def9ition1 express+ ! p[] ( a def9ition 9 pla9] language4 ,g5us is a compreh5d+ ( _m ideas indissolubly connect$1 z animal2 = ?is "o expression compreh5ds all p>ticul> k9ds ( animals4 ,an idea is an imag9ation ( ! m9d :i* does n express actually any?+ real1 or any quality1 b only a quasi reality & a quasi quality2 su*1 = in/ance1 is ! idea ( a horse :5 a horse is n pres5t4 ,species is t :i* is compreh5d$ "u g5us1 z man is compreh5d$ "u animal4 ,aga91 t is ! mo/ g5]al g5us :i*1 be+ a g5us itself1 has no o!r g5us1 z ! exi/5t4 ,& t is ! mo/ special species1 :i* be+ a species has no o!r species1 z1 = in/ance1 ,socrates4 ,,xliii4 ,! division ( g5us is a dissection ( x into ! proximate species2 z1 = in/ance1 8,( animals1 "s are rational1 o!rs irrational40 ,contr>y division is ! dissection ( g5us into species on ! pr9ciple ( ! contr>y2 s z to be by a sort ( negation2 z1 = in/ance1 8,( exi/5t ?+s1 "s are good & "s n good20 &1 8,( ?+s :i* are n good1 "s are bad & "s indiff]5t40 ,p>tition is an arrangem5t ( a g5us ) ref]5ce to place1 z ,cr9is says1 = in/ance1 8,( goods1 "s h ref]5ce to ! m9d & "s to ! body40 ,,xliv4 ,ambiguity 77 is an expression signify+ two or m ?+s hav+ an ord9>y or a peculi> mean+1 accord+ to ! pronunciation1 9 su* a way t m ?+s ?an "o may be und]/ood by ! v same expression4 ,take1 = in/ance1 ! words 4 ,= y may und]/& by !m1 a h\se has fall5 d[n ?ree times 7 71 or1 a female flute-play] has fall51 tak+ z synonym\s ) 4 ,,lv4 ,dialectics are1 z ,posidonius expla9s !m1 ! sci5ce ( :at is true & false1 & nei!r "o or ! o!r1 & x is1 z ,*rysippus expla9s x1 conv]sant ab\t words t signify & ?+s t are signifi$2 ^! !n are ! doctr9es ass]t$ by ! ,/oics 9 _! speculations on ! subject ( ! voice4 ,,xlvi4 ,b 9 t "p ( dialectics :i* conc]ns ?+s & ideas signifi$1 !y treat ( propositions1 ( p]fect enunciations1 ( judgm5ts1 ( syllogisms1 ( imp]fect enunciations1 ( attributes & defici5cies1 & ( bo? direct & indirect categorems or pr$icam5ts4 ,,xlvii4 ,& !y say t enunciation is ! manife/ation ( ! ideal p]ception2 & ^! enunciations ! ,/oics pron\nce "s to be p]fect 9 !mselves1 & "s to be defective2 n[ ^? are defective1 :i* furni% an incomplete s5se1 z = in/ance1 8,he writes40 ,= !n we ask fur!r1 8,:o writes80 ,b ^? are p]fect 9 !mselves1 :i* give a s5se entirely complete1 z = in/ance1 8,socrates writes40 ,accord+ly1 9 ! defective enunciations1 categorems are appli$2 b 9 ^? :i* are p]fect 9 !mselves1 axioms1 & syllogisms1 & que/ions1 & int]rogations1 are br\ght into play4 ,n[ a categorem is some?+ :i* is pr$icat$ ( some?+ else1 be+ ei!r a ?+ :i* is add$ to "o or m objects1 accord+ to ! def9ition ( ,apollodorus1 or else a defective enunciation add$ to ! nom9ative case1 = ! purpose ( =m+ a proposition4 ,n[ ( categorems1 "s are accid5ts '''#hd z = in/ance1 8,! sail+ ?r\gh a rock40 ''' ,& ( categorems1 "s are direct1 "s indirect1 & "s nei!r "o nor ! o!r4 ,n[ ^? are correct1 :i* are con/ru$ ) "o ( ! oblique cases1 9 su* a mann] z to produce a categorem1 z = in/ance1 8,he he>s1 he sees1 he conv]ses40 ,& ^? are indirect1 :i* are con/ru$ ) ! passive voice1 z = in/ance1 8,i am he>d1 ,i am se540 ,& ^? :i* are nei!r "o nor ! o!r1 are ^? :i* are con/ru$ 9 a neutral k9d ( mann]1 z = in/ance1 8,to ?9k1 to walk40 ,& ^? are reciprocal1 :i* are among ! indirect ones1 )\t be+ indirect !mselves4 ,^? are effects1 1 :i* are su* words z1 8,he is %av$20 = !n1 ! man :o is %av$1 implies himself4 ,! oblique cases1 are ! g5itive1 ! dative1 & ! accusative4 ,,xlviii4 ,an axiom1 is t ?+ :i* is true1 or false1 or p]fect 9 itself1 be+ ass]t$1 or d5i$ positively1 z f> z dep5ds ^u itself2 z ,*rysippus expla9s x 9 8 ,dialectic ,def9itions2 z = in/ance1 8,x is day10 8,dion is walk+40 ,& x has receiv$ ! "n ( axiom1 1 because x is ei!r ma9ta9$1 1 or repudiat$4 ,= ! man :o says1 8,x is day10 appe>s to ma9ta9 ! fact ( its be+ day4 ,if !n x is day1 ! axiom put be=e "o is true2 b if x is n day1 ! axiom is false4 ,& an axiom1 a "q1 & an int]rogation1 diff] f "o ano!r1 & s does an imp]ative proposition f "o :i* is adjurative1 or imprecatory1 or hypo!tical1 or appellative1 or false4 ,= t is an axiom :i* we utt]1 :5 we affirm any?+ positively1 :i* is ei!r true or false4 ,& a "q is a ?+ complete 9 itself1 z also is an axiom1 b :i* requires an answ]1 z = in/ance1 8,is x day80 ,n[ ?is is nei!r true nor false2 b1 z 8,x is day0 is an axiom2 s is1 8,is x day80 a "q4 ,b an int]rogation1 1 is a ?+ to :i* x is n possible to make an answ] symbolically1 z 9 ! case ( a "q1 1 say+ m]ely 8,yes10 b we mu/ reply1 8,he does live 9 ?is place40 ,! imp]ative proposition is a ?+ :i* we utt] :5 we give an ord]1 z = in/ance ?is3-- ,d y n[ g to ! sweet /ream ( ,ina*us4#he ''' ,! appellative proposition is "o :i* is us$ 9 ! case 9 :i*1 :5 a man says any?+1 he mu/ address somebody1 z = in/ance3-- ,atrides1 glori\s k+ ( m51 ,mo/ mighty ,agamemnon4#hf ,a false judgm5t is a proposition1 :i*1 :ile x has at ! same "t ! appe>ance ( a real judgm5t1 loses ?is "* by ! addition1 & "u ! influ5ce (1 "s p>ticle1 z = in/ance3 ,! ,p>!non at lea/ is beautiful4 ,h[ l ! h]dsman is to ,priam's sons4 ,!re is also ! dubitative proposition1 :i* diff]s f ! judgm5t1 inasmu* z x is always utt]$ 9 ! =m ( a d\bt2 z = in/ance3-- ,are n1 !n1 grief & life two k9dr$ /ates8#hg ,b que/ions1 & int]rogations1 & ?+s l ^!1 are nei!r true nor false1 :ile judgm5ts & propositions are necess>ily "o or ! o!r4 ,n[ ( axioms1 "s are simple1 & o!rs are n simple2 z ,*rysippus1 & ,ar*$emus1 & ,a!nodorus1 & ,antipat]1 & ,cr9is1 agree 9 divid+ !m4 ,^? are simple1 :i* consi/ ( an axiom or proposition1 :i* is n ambigu\s1 7or ( sev]al axioms1 or propositions ( ! same "*17 z = in/ance ! s5t5ce1 8,x is day40 ,& ^? are n simple1 :i* consi/ ( an axiom or proposition :i* is ambigu\s1 or ( sev]al axioms or propositions ( t "*4 ,( an axiom1 or proposition1 :i* is ambigu\s1 z 8,if x is day20 ( sev]al axioms1 or propositions ( t "*1 z1 8,if x is day1 x is light40 ,& simple propositions are divid$ into ! affirmative1 ! negative1 ! privative1 ! categorical1 ! def9ite1 & ! indef9ite2 ^? :i* are n simple1 are divid$ into ! comb9$1 & ! adjunctive1 ! connect$ & ! disjunctive1 & ! causal & ! augm5tative1 & ! dim9utive4 ,t is an affirmative proposition1 8,x is n day40 ,& ! species ( ?is is d\bly affirmative4 ,t aga9 is d\bly affirmative1 :i* is affirmative ( an affirmative1 z = in/ance1 8,x is n n day20 = ?is am\nts to1 8,x is day40 ,t is a negative proposition1 :i* consi/s ( a negative p>ticle & a categorem1 z = in/ance1 8,no "o is walk+40 ,t is a privative proposition :i* consi/s ( a privative p>ticle & an axiom accord+ to p[]1 z 8,?is man is inhuman40 ,t is a categorical proposition1 :i* consi/s ( a nom9ative case & a categorem1 z = in/ance1 8,dion is walk+40 ,t is a def9ite proposition1 :i* consi/s ( a demon/rative nom9ative case & a categorem1 z = in/ance1 8,?is man is walk+40 ,t is an indef9ite "o :i* consi/s ( an indef9ite p>ticle1 or ( indef9ite p>ticles1 z = in/ance1 8,somebody is walk+10 8,he is mov+40 ,( propositions :i* are n simple1 ! comb9$ proposition is1 z ,*rysippus /ates1 9 8 ,dialectics1 & ,diog5es1 too1 9 8 ,dialectic ,art2 t :i* is held toge!r by ! copulative conjunction 8if40 ,& ?is conjunction pr(esses t ! second memb] ( ! s5t5ce foll[s ! fir/1 z = in/ance1 8,if x is day1 x is light40 ,t :i* is adjunctive is1 z ,cr9is /ates 9 8 ,dialectic ,art1 an axiom :i* is made to dep5d on ! conjunction 8s9ce0 771 beg9n+ ) an axiom & end+ 9 an axiom1 z = in/ance1 8,s9ce x is day1 x is light40 ,& ?is conjunction pr(esses bo? t ! second portion ( ! proposition foll[s ! fir/1 & ! fir/ is true4 ,t is a connect$ proposition :i* is connect$ by "s copulative conjunctions1 z = in/ance1 8,x bo? is day1 & x is light40 ,t is a disjunctive proposition :i* is disconnect$ by ! disjunctive conjunction1 8or0 771 z = in/ance1 8,x is ei!r day or night40 ,& ?is proposition pr(esses t "o or o!r ( ^! propositions is false4 ,t is a causal proposition :i* is connect$ by ! ^w1 8because20 z = in/ance1 8,because x is day1 x is light40 ,= ! fir/ is1 z x 71 ! cause ( ! second4 ,t is an augm5tative proposition1 :i* expla9s ! great]1 :i* is con/ru$ ) an augm5tative p>ticle1 & :i* is plac$ betwe5 ! two memb]s ( ! proposition1 z = in/ance1 8,x is r day ?an night40 ,! dim9utive proposition is1 9 e respect1 ! exact contr>y ( ! prec$+ "o2 z = in/ance1 8,x is less night ?an day40 ,aga91 at times1 axioms or propositions are oppos$ to "o ano!r 9 respect ( _! tru? & falsehood1 :5 "o is an express d5ial ( ! o!r2 z = in/ance1 8,x is day10 &1 8,x is n day40 ,aga91 a conjunctive proposition is correct1 :5 x is su* t ! opposite ( ! conclusion is contradictory ( ! premiss2 z = in/ance1 ! proposition1 8,if x is day1 x is light10 is true2 =1 8,x is n light10 :i* is ! opposite to ! conclusion express$1 is contradictory to ! premiss1 8,x is day40 ,& a conjunctive proposition is incorrect1 :5 x is su* t ! opposite ( ! conclusion is n inconsi/5t ) ! premiss1 z = in/ance1 8,if x is day1 ,dion is walk+40 ,= ! fact t ,dion is n walk+1 is n contradictory ( ! premiss1 8,x is day40 ,an adjunctive proposition is correct1 :i* beg9s ) a true premiss1 & ends 9 a consequ5ce :i* foll[s ( necessity1 z = in/ance1 8,s9ce x is day1 ! sun is above ! e>?40 ,b x is incorrect :5 x ei!r beg9s ) a false premiss1 or ends ) a consequ5ce :i* does n foll[ prop]ly2 z = in/ance1 8,s9ce x is night1 ,dion is walk+10 = ?is may be said 9 ! day-"t4 ,a causal proposition is correct1 :5 x beg9s ) a true premiss1 & ends 9 a consequ5ce :i* necess>ily foll[s f x1 b yet does n h its premiss reciprocally consequ5t ^u its conclusion2 z = in/ance1 8,because x is day1 x is light40 ,= ! fact ( its be+ light1 is a necess>y consequ5ce ( its be+ day2 b ! fact ( its be+ day1 is n necess>ily a consequ5ce ( its be+ light4 ,a causal proposition is incorrect1 :i* ei!r beg9s ) a false premiss1 or ends ) a conclusion t does n foll[ f x1 or :i* has a premiss :i* does n correspond to ! conclusion2 z = in/ance1 8,because x is night1 ,dion is walk+40 ,a proposition is p]suasive1 :i* leads to ! ass5t ( ! m9d1 z = in/ance1 8,if %e br\ght him =?1 %e is 8 "m40 ,b /ill ?is is a falsehood1 = a h5 is n ! "m ( an egg4 ,aga91 !re are "s propositions :i* are possible1 & "s :i* are impossible2 & "s :i* are necess>y1 & "s :i* are n necess>y4 ,t is possible1 :i* is capable ( be+ true1 s9ce ext]nal circum/ances are no h9drance to its be+ true2 z = in/ance1 8,diocles lives40 ,& t is impossible :i* is n capable ( be+ true2 z = in/ance1 8,! e>? flies40 ,t is necess>y :i*1 be+ true1 is n capable ( be+ false2 or p]haps is intr9sically capable ( be+ false1 b /ill has ext]nal circum/ances :i* h9d] its be+ false1 z = in/ance1 8,virtue pr(its a man40 ,t aga91 is n necess>y1 :i* is true1 b :i* has a capacity ( be+ false1 ?\gh ext]nal circum/ances (f] no h9drance to ei!r alt]native2 z = in/ance1 8,dion walks40 ,t is a reasonable or probable proposition1 :i* has a great prepond]ance ( opportunities 9 fav\r ( its be+ true2 z = in/ance1 8,i %all be alive to-morr[40 ,& !re are o!r diff]5t k9ds ( propositions & conv]sions ( !m1 f true to false1 & re-conv]sions aga92 conc]n+ :i* we mu/ speak at "s l5g?4 ,,xlix4 ,an argum5t1 z ,cr9is says1 is t :i* is compos$ ( a lemma or major premiss1 an assumption or m9or premiss1 & a conclusion2 z = in/ance ?is1 8,if x is day1 x is light20 8,b x is day1 !re=e x is light40 ,= ! lemma1 or major premiss1 is1 8,if x is day1 x is light40 ,! assumption1 or m9or premiss1 is1 8,x is day40 ,! conclusion foll[s1 8,!re=e x is light40 ,! mode ( a proposition is1 z x 71 a figure ( an argum5t1 z = in/ance1 su* z ?is1 8,if x is ! fir/1 x is ! second2 b x is ! fir/1 !re=e x is ! second40 ,a conditional syllogism is t :i* is compos$ ( bo? ! prec$+ argum5ts2 z = in/ance1 8,if ,plato is alive1 ,plato brea!s2 b ! fir/ fact is s1 !re=e s is ! second40 ,& ?is conditional syllogism has be5 introduc$ = ! sake1 9 long & complex s5t5ces1 ( n be+ =c$ to repeat ! assumption1 z x 0 a long "o1 & also ! conclusion2 b ( be+ able1 in/ead1 to cont5t "o's self ) summ+ x up briefly ?us1 8,! fir/ case put is true1 !re=e s is ! second40 ,( argum5ts1 "s are conclusive1 o!rs are inconclusive4 ,^? are inconclusive :i* are su*1 t ! opposite ( ! conclusion drawn 9 !m is n necess>ily incompatible ) ! connection ( ! premisses4 ,z = in/ance1 su* argum5ts z ^!1 8,if x is day1 x is light2 b x is day1 !re=e1 ,dion is walk+40 ,b ( conclusive argum5ts1 "s are call$ prop]ly by ! k9dr$ "n conclusions1 & "s are call$ syllogi/ic argum5ts4 ,^? !n are syllogi/ic :i* are ei!r su* z d n admit ( demon/ration1 or su* z are br\ght to an indemon/rable conclusion1 accord+ to "s "o or m propositions2 su* = in/ance z ! foll[+3 8,if ,dion walks1 !n ,dion is 9 motion40 ,^? are conclusive1 :i* inf] _! conclusion specially1 & n syllogi/ically2 su* = in/ance1 z ?is1 8,! proposition x is bo? day & night is false4 ,n[ x is day2 !re=e1 x is n night40 ,^? aga91 are unsyllogi/ic argum5ts :i* h an air ( probability ab\t !m1 & a resemblance to syllogi/ic ones1 b :i* /ill d n lead to ! d$uction ( prop] conclusions4 ,z = in/ance1 8,if ,dion is a horse1 ,dion is an animal2 b ,dion is n a horse1 !re=e1 ,dion is n an animal40 ,aga91 ( argum5ts1 "s are true1 & "s are false4 ,^? are true :i* d$uce a conclusion f true premisses1 z1 = in/ance1 8,if virtue pr(its1 !n vice injures40 ,& ^? are false :i* h "s falsehood 9 _! premisses1 or :i* are inconclusive2 z1 = in/ance1 8,if x is day1 x is light2 b x is day1 !re=e1 ,dion is alive40 ,!re are also argum5ts :i* are possible1 & o!rs :i* are impossible2 "s likewise :i* are necess>y1 & o!rs :i* are n necess>y4 ,!re are too1 "s :i* are n demon/rat$ f _! n /&+ 9 ne$ ( demon/ration1 & ^! are laid d[n diff]5tly by diff]5t p2 b ,*rysippus enum]ates five k9ds1 :i* s]ve z ! f\ndation = e k9d ( argum5t2 & :i* are assum$ 9 conclusive argum5ts prop]ly s call$1 & 9 syllogisms1 & 9 modes4 ,! fir/ k9d t is n demon/rat$1 is t 9 :i* ! :ole argum5t consi/s ( a conjunctive & an antec$5t2 & 9 :i* ! fir/ t]m repeats itself s z to =m a sort ( conjunctive proposition1 & to br+ =w>d z ! conclusion ! la/ t]m4 ,z1 = in/ance1 8,if ! fir/ be true1 s is ! second2 b ! fir/ is true1 !re=e1 s is ! second40 ,! second k9d t is n demon/rat$1 is t :i*1 by means ( ! conjunctive & ! opposite ( ! conclusion1 has a conclusion opposite to ! fir/ premiss4 ,z1 = in/ance1 8,if x be day1 x is light2 b x is night1 !re=e x is n day40 ,= "h ! assumption arises f ! opposite ( ! conclusion1 & ! conclusion f ! opposite ( ! fir/ t]m4 ,! ?ird k9d t is n demon/rative1 is t :i*1 by a negative comb9ation1 & by "o ( ! t]ms 9 ! proposition1 produces ! contradictory ( ! rema9d]2 z1 = in/ance1 8,plato is n dead & alive at ! same "t b ,plato is dead2 !re=e1 ,plato is n alive40 ,! f\r? k9d t is n demon/rative1 is t :i*1 by means ( a disjunctive1 & "o ( ^? t]ms :i* are 9 ! disjunctive1 has a conclusion opposite to :at rema9s2 z1 = in/ance1 8,x is ei!r ! fir/1 or ! second2 b x is ! fir/2 !re=e1 x is n ! second40 ,! fif? k9d t is n demon/rative1 is t 9 :i* ! :ole argum5t consi/s ( a disjunctive proposition1 & ! opposite ( "o ( ! t]ms1 & !n "o makes ! conclusion id5tical ) ! rema9d]2 z1 = in/ance1 8,x is ei!r day or night2 b x is n night2 !re=e x is day40 ,accord+ to ! ,/oics1 tru? foll[s ^u tru?1 z 8,x is light10 foll[s ^u 8,x is day40 ,& falsehood foll[s ^u falsehood2 z1 8,if x is false t x is night1 x is also false t x is d>k40 ,sometimes too1 tru? foll[s f falsehood2 = in/ance1 ?\gh x is false t 8! e>? flies10 x is true t 8!re is ! e>?40 ,b falsehood does nev] foll[ f tru?2 =1 f ! fact t 8!re is ! e>?10 x does n foll[ 8t ! e>? flies40 ,!re are also "s argum5ts :i* are p]plex$1 be+ veil$ & escap+ notice2 or su* z are call$ sorites1 ! horn$ "o1 or ! nobody4 ,t is a veil$ argum5t#hh :i* resembles ! foll[+ "o2 8two are n a few1 nor ?ree1 nor ^?1 nor f\r1 & s on to t52 b two are few2 !re=e1 s are t5 few40 ,! nobody is a conjunctive argum5t1 & "o t consi/s ( ! indef9ite & ! def9ite1 & :i* has a m9or premiss & a conclusion2 z1 = in/ance1 8,if any "o is "h1 he is n 9 ,rhodes40 ,l4 ,su* !n are ! doctr9es :i* ! ,/oics ma9ta9 on ! subject ( logic1 9 ord] z f> z possible to e/abli% _! po9t t ! logician is ! only wise man4 ,= !y ass]t t all affairs are look$ at by means ( t speculation :i* proce$s by argum5t1 includ+ "u ?is ass]tion bo? ^? t belong to natural & also ^? :i* belong to moral philosophy3 =1 say !y1 h[ else c\ld "o det]m9e ! exact value ( n\ns1 or h[ else c\ld "o expla9 :at laws are impos$ ^u su* & su* actions8 ,moreov]1 z !re are two habits bo? incid5tal to virtue1 ! "o consid]s :at ea* exi/+ ?+ is1 & ! o!r inquires :at x is call$4 ,^! !n are ! notions ( ! ,/oics on ! subject ( logic4 ,,li4 ,! e?ical "p ( philosophy !y divide into ! topic ( incl9ation1 ! topic ( good & bad1 ! topic ( ! passions1 ! topic ( virtue1 ! topic ( ! *ief good1 & ( prim>y e/imation1 & ( actions2 ! topic ( :at ?+s are becom+1 & ( exhortation & dissuasion4 ,& ?is division is ! "o laid d[n by ,*rysippus1 & ,ar*$emus1 & ,z5o1 ( ,t>sus1 & ,apollodorus1 & ,diog5es1 & ,antipat]1 & ,posidonius4 ,= ,z5o1 ( ,cittium1 & ,clean!s1 h1 z be+ m anci5t !y 7 likely to1 adopt$ a m simple me?od ( treat+ ^! subjects4 ,b ^! m5 divid$ logical & ! natural philosophy4 ,,lii4 ,!y say t ! fir/ incl9ation :i* an animal has is to protect itself1 z nature br+s h]self to take an int]e/ 9 x f ! beg9n+1 z ,*rysippus affirms 9 ! fir/ book ( 8 treatise on ,ends2 :]e he says1 t ! fir/ & de>e/ object to e animal is its own exi/5ce1 & its consci\sness ( t exi/5ce4 ,= t x is n natural = any animal to be ali5at$ f itself1 or ev5 to be br\ght into su* a /ate z to be indiff]5t to itself1 be+ nei!r ali5at$ f nor int]e/$ 9 itself4 ,x rema9s1 !re=e1 t we mu/ ass]t t nature has b\nd ! animal to itself by ! greate/ unanimity & affection2 = by t means x repels all t is injuri\s1 & attracts all t is ak9 to x & desirable4 ,b z = :at "s p say1 t ! fir/ incl9ation ( animals is to pleasure1 !y say :at is false4 ,= !y say t pleasure1 if !re be any su* ?+ at all1 is an accessory only1 :i*1 nature1 hav+ s\ght x out by itself1 z well z ^? ?+s :i* are adapt$ to its con/itution1 receives incid5tally 9 ! same mann] z animals are pleas$1 & plants made to fl\ri%4 ,moreov]1 say !y1 nature makes no diff]5ce betwe5 animals & plants1 :5 %e regulates !m s z to leave !m )\t volunt>y motion or s5se2 & "s ?+s too take place 9 ourselves 9 ! same mann] z 9 plants4 ,b1 z incl9ation 9 animals t5ds *iefly to ! po9t ( mak+ !m pursue :at is appropriate to !m1 we may say t _! incl9ations are regulat$ by nature4 ,& z reason is giv5 to rational animals accord+ to a m p]fect pr9ciple1 x foll[s1 t to live correctly accord+ to reason1 is prop]ly pr$icat$ ( ^? :o live accord+ to nature4 ,= nature is z x 7 ! arti/ :o produces ! incl9ation4 ,,liii4 ,on :i* acc\nt ,z5o 0 ! fir/ writ] :o1 9 8 treatise on ! ,nature ( ,man1 said1 t ! *ief good 0 confess$ly to live accord+ to nature2 :i* is to live accord+ to virtue1 = nature leads u to ?is po9t4 ,& 9 l mann] ,clean!s speaks 9 8 treatise on ,pleasure1 & s d ,posidonius & ,hecaton 9 _! essays on ,ends z ! ,*ief ,good4 ,& aga91 to live accord+ to virtue is ! same ?+ z liv+ accord+ to "o's exp]i5ce ( ^? ?+s :i* happ5 by nature2 z ,*rysippus expla9s x 9 ! fir/ book ( 8 treatise on ! ,*ief ,good4 ,= our individual natures are all p>ts ( univ]sal nature2 on :i* acc\nt ! *ief good is to live 9 a mann] correspond+ to nature1 & t means correspond+ to "o's own nature & to univ]sal nature2 do+ none ( ^? ?+s :i* ! common law ( mank9d is 9 ! habit ( =bidd+1 & t common law is id5tical ) t "r reason :i* p]vades ev]y?+1 be+ ! same ) ,jupit]1 :o is ! regulator & *ief manag] ( all exi/+ ?+s4 ,aga91 ?is v ?+ is ! virtue ( ! happy man & ! p]fect happ9ess ( life :5 ev]y?+ is done accord+ to a h>mony ) ! g5ius ( ea* individual ) ref]5ce to ! w ( ! univ]sal gov]nor & manag] ( all ?+s4 ,diog5es1 accord+ly1 says expressly t ! *ief good is to act accord+ to s\nd reason 9 our selection ( ?+s accord+ to our nature4 ,& ,ar*$emus def9es x to be liv+ 9 ! dis*>ge ( all becom+ duties4 ,*rysippus aga9 und]/&s t ! nature1 9 a mann] correspond+ to :i* we ought to live1 is bo? ! common nature1 & also human nature 9 p>ticul>2 b ,clean!s w n admit ( any o!r nature ?an ! common "o alone1 z t to :i* p ought to live 9 a mann] correspond+2 & repudiates all m5tion ( a p>ticul> nature4 ,& he ass]ts t virtue is a disposition ( ! m9d always consi/5t & always h>moni\s2 t "o ought to seek x out = its own sake1 )\t be+ influ5c$ by fe> or hope by any ext]nal influ5ce4 ,moreov]1 t x is 9 x t happ9ess consi/s1 z produc+ 9 ! s\l ! h>mony ( a life always consi/5t ) itself2 & t if a rational animal goes ! wrong way1 x is because x all[s itself to be misl$ by ! deceitful appe>ances ( ext]ior ?+s1 or p]haps by ! in/igation ( ^? :o surr\nd x2 = nature h]self nev] gives u any b good incl9ations4 ,,liv4 ,n[ virtue is1 to speak g5]ally1 a p]fection 9 ev]y?+1 z 9 ! case ( a /atue2 :e!r x is invisible z good heal?1 or speculative z prud5ce4 ,= ,hecaton says1 9 ! fir/ book ( 8 treatise on ,virtues1 t ! sci5tific & speculative virtues are ^? :i* h a con/itution aris+ f speculation & /udy1 z1 = in/ance1 prud5ce & ju/ice2 & t ^? :i* are n speculative are ^? :i* are g5]ally view$ 9 _! ext5sion z a practical result or effect ( ! =m]2 su* = in/ance1 z heal? & /r5g?4 ,accord+ly1 temp]ance is "o ( ! speculative virtues1 & x happ5s t good heal? usually foll[s x1 & is m>%all$ z x 7 beside x2 9 ! same way z /r5g? foll[s ! prop] /ructure ( an ar*4--,& ! unspeculative virtues d]ive _! "n f ! fact ( _! n proce$+ f any acquiesc5ce reflect$ by intellig5ce2 b !y are d]iv$ f o!rs1 are only accessories1 & are f\nd ev5 9 wor?less p1 z 9 ! case ( good heal?1 or c\rage4 ,& ,posidonius1 9 ! fir/ book ( 8 treaties on ,e?ics1 says t ! great pro( ( ! reality ( virtue is t ,socrates1 & ,diog5es1 & ,anti/h5es1 made great improvem5t2 & ! great pro( ( ! reality ( vice may be f\nd 9 ! fact ( its be+ oppos$ to virtue4 ,aga91 ,*rysippus1 9 ! fir/ book ( 8 treatise on ! ,*ief ,good1 & ,clean!s1 & also ,posidonius 9 8 ,exhortations1 & ,hecaton1 all agree t virtue may be taught4 ,& t !y are "r1 & t x may be taught1 is pla9 f m5 becom+ good aft] hav+ be5 bad4 ,on ?is acc\nt ,pantius tea*es t !re are two virtues1 "o speculative & ! o!r practical2 b o!rs make ?ree k9ds1 ! logical1 ! natural1 & ! e?ical4 ,posidonius divides virtue into f\r divisions2 & ,clean!s1 ,*rysippus1 & ,antipat] make ! divisions m num]\s /ill2 = ,apollophanes ass]ts t !re is b "o virtue1 namely1 prud5ce4 ,among ! virtues "s are primitive & "s are d]iv$4 ,! primitive ones are prud5ce1 manly c\rage1 ju/ice1 & temp]ance4 ,& subord9ate to ^!1 z a k9d ( species conta9$ 9 !m1 are magnanimity1 cont95ce1 endurance1 pres5ce ( m9d1 wisdom 9 c\ncil4 ,& ! ,/oics def9e prud5ce z a k ( :at is good1 & bad1 & indiff]5t2 ju/ice z a k ( :at ought to be *os51 :at ought to be avoid$1 & :at is indiff]5t2 magnanimity z a k ( eng5d]+ a l(ty habit1 sup]ior to all su* accid5ts z happ5 to all m5 indiff]5tly1 :e!r !y be good or bad2 cont95ce !y consid] a disposition :i* nev] ab&ons "r reason1 or a habit :i* nev] yields to pleasure2 endurance !y call a k or habit by :i* we und]/& :at we ought to endure1 :at we ought n1 & :at is indiff]5t2 pres5ce ( m9d !y def9e z a habit :i* is prompt at f9d+ out :at is suitable on a sudd5 em]g5cy2 & wisdom 9 c\nsel !y ?9k a k :i* leads u to judge :at we are to d1 & h[ we are to d x1 9 ord] to act becom+ly4 ,& analog\sly1 ( vices too !re are "s :i* are prim>y1 & "s :i* are subord9ate2 z1 = in/ance1 folly1 & c[>dice1 & inju/ice1 & intemp]ance1 are among ! prim>y vices2 incont95ce1 sl[ness1 & folly 9 c\nsel among ! subord9ate ones4 ,& ! vices are ignorance ( ^? ?+s ( :i* ! virtues are ! k4 ,,lv4 ,good1 look$ at 9 a g5]al way1 is "s advantage1 ) ! m p>ticul> di/9ction1 be+ p>tly :at is actually useful1 p>tly :at is n contr>y to utility4 ,on :i* acc\nt virtue itself1 & ! good :i* p>takes ( virtue are spok5 ( 9 a ?reefold view ( ! subject4 ,fir/1 z to :at k9d ( good x is1 & f :at x ensues2 z1 = in/ance1 9 an action done accord+ to virtue4 ,secondly1 z to ! ag5t1 9 ! case ( a good man :o p>takes ( virtue4'''#hi ,at ano!r "t1 !y def9e ! good 9 a peculi> mann]1 z be+ :at is p]fect accord+ to ! nature ( a rational be+ z rational be+4 ,&1 secondly1 !y say t x is con=mity to virtue1 s t all actions :i* p>take ( virtue1 & all good m51 are !mselves 9 "s s5se ! good4 ,& 9 ! ?ird place1 !y speak ( its accessories1 joy1 & mir?1 & ?+s ( t k9d4 ,9 ! same mann] !y speak ( vices1 :i* !y divide into folly1 c[>dice1 inju/ice1 & ?+s ( t k9d4 ,& !y consid] t ^? ?+s :i* p>take ( vices1 & actions done accord+ to vice1 & bad m51 are !mselves 9 "s s5se ! evil2 & its accessories are despond5cy1 & melan*oly1 & o!r ?+s ( t k9d4 ,,lvi4 ,aga91 ( goods1 "s h ref]5ce to ! m9d1 & "s are ext]nal2 & "s nei!r h ref]5ce to ! m9d1 nor are ext]nal4 ,! goods hav+ ref]5ce to ! m9d are virtues1 & actions accord+ to ! virtues4 ,! ext]nal goods are ! hav+ a virtu\s c\ntry1 a virtu\s fri5d1 & ! happ9ess ( "o's c\ntry & fri5d4 ,& ^? :i* are n ext]nal1 & :i* h no ref]5ce to ! m9d1 are su* z a man's be+ virtu\s & happy to himself4 ,& reciprocally1 ( evils1 "s h ref]5ce to ! m9d1 su* z ! vices & actions accord+ to !m2 "s are ext]nal1 su* z hav+ a fooli% c\ntry1 or a fooli% fri5d1 or "o's c\ntry or "o's fri5d be+ unhappy4 ,& ^? evils :i* are n ext]nal1 & :i* h no ref]5ce to ! m9d1 are su* z a man's be+ wor?less & unhappy to himself4 ,,lvii4 ,aga91 ( goods1 "s are f9al1 "s are effici5t1 & "s are bo? f9al & effici5t4 ,= in/ance1 a fri5d1 & ! s]vices done by him to "o1 are effici5t goods2 b c\rage1 & prud5ce1 & lib]ty1 & delight1 & mir?1 & fre$om f pa91 & all k9ds ( actions done accord+ to virtue1 are f9al goods4 ,!re are too1 z ,i said be=e1 "s goods :i* are bo? effici5t & f9al2 = inasmu* z !y produce p]fect happ9ess !y are effici5t1 & inasmu* z !y complete x by be+ !mselves p>ts ( x1 !y are f9al4 ,& 9 ! same way1 ( evils1 "s are f9al1 & "s effici5t1 & "s p>take ( bo? natures4 ,= in/ance1 an enemy & ! injuries done to "o by him1 are effici5t evils2 fe>1 meanness ( condition1 slav]y1 want ( delight1 depression ( spirits1 excessive grief1 & all actions done accord+ to vice1 are f9al evils2 & "s p>take ( bo? *>act]s1 s9ce1 inasmu* z !y produce p]fect unhapp9ess1 !y are effici5t2 & inasmu* z !y complete x 9 su* a way z to become p>ts ( x1 !y are f9al4 ,,lviii4 ,aga91 ( ! goods :i* h ref]5ce to ! m9d1 "s are habits1 "s are dispositions1 & "s are nei!r habits nor dispositions4 ,dispositions are virtues1 habits are practices1 & ^? :i* are nei!r habits nor dispositions are en]gies4 ,&1 speak+ g5]ally1 ! foll[+ may be call$ mix$ goods3 happ9ess 9 "o's *ildr51 & a happy old age4 ,b k is a pure good4 ,& "s goods are cont9ually pres5t1 su* z virtue2 & "s are n always pres5t1 z joy1 or tak+ a walk4 ,,lix4 ,b e good is exp$i5t1 & necess>y1 & pr(itable1 & useful1 & s]viceable1 & beautiful1 & advantage\s1 & eligible1 & j4 ,exp$i5t1 inasmu* z x br+s u ?+s1 :i* by _! happ5+ to u d u good2 necess>y1 inasmu* z x assi/s u 9 :at we h ne$ to be assi/$2 pr(itable1 inasmu* z x repays all ! c>e t is exp5d$ on x1 & makes a return ) int]e/ to our great advantage2 useful1 inasmu* z x supplies u ) :at is ( utility2 s]viceable1 because x does u s]vice :i* is mu* prais$2 beautiful1 because x is 9 accurate proportion to ! ne$ we h ( x1 & to ! s]vice x does4 ,advantage\s1 inasmu* z x is ( su* a "* z to conf] advantage on u2 eligible1 because x is su* t we may rationally *oose x2 & j1 because x is 9 accordance ) law1 & is an effici5t cause ( union4 ,& !y call ! hon\rable ! p]fect good1 because x has naturally all ! numb]s :i* are requir$ by nature1 & because x discloses a p]fect h>mony4 ,n[1 ! species ( ?is p]fect good are f\r 9 numb]3 ju/ice1 manly c\rage1 temp]ance1 & k2 = 9 ^! goods all beautiful actions h _! accompli%m5t4 ,& analog\sly1 !re are also f\r species ( ! disgraceful3 inju/ice1 & c[>dice1 & intemp]ance1 & folly4 ,& ! hon\rable is pr$icat$ 9 "o s5se1 z mak+ ^? :o are possess$ ( x wor?y ( all praise2 & 9 a second s5se1 x is us$ ( :at is well adapt$ by nature = its prop] "w2 & 9 ano!r s5se1 :5 x expresses t :i* adorns a man1 z :5 we say t ! wise man alone is good & hon\rable4 ,! ,/oics also say1 t ! beautiful is ! only good1 z ,hecaton says1 9 ! ?ird book ( 8 treatise on ,goods1 & ,*rysippus ass]ts ! same pr9ciple 9 8 essays on ! ,beautiful4 ,& !y say t ?is is virtue1 & t :i* p>takes ( virtue2 & ?is ass]tion is equal to ! o!r1 t ev]y?+ good is beautiful1 & t ! good is an equival5t t]m to ! beautiful1 inasmu* z ! "o ?+ is exactly equal to ! o!r4 ,= s9ce x is good1 x is beautiful2 & x is beautiful1 !re=e1 x is good4 ,,lx4 ,b x seems t all goods are equal1 & t e good is to be desir$ 9 ! highe/ degree1 & t x admits ( no relaxation1 & ( no ext5sion4 ,moreov]1 !y divide all exi/+ ?+s into good1 bad1 & indiff]5t4 ,! good are ! virtues1 prud5ce1 ju/ice1 manly c\rage1 temp]ance1 & ! re/ ( ! l qualities4 ,! bad are ! contr>ies1 folly1 inju/ice1 & ! l4 ,^? are indiff]5t :i* are nei!r b5eficial nor injuri\s1 su* z life1 heal?1 pleasure1 beauty1 /r5g?1 ri*es1 a good reputation1 nobility ( bir?2 & _! contr>ies1 dea?1 disease1 lab\r1 disgrace1 weakness1 pov]ty1 a bad reputation1 bas5ess ( bir?1 & ! l2 z ,hecaton lays x d[n 9 ! sev5? book ( 8 treatise on ! ,*ief ,good2 & he is foll[$ by ,apollodorus1 9 8 ,e?ics1 & by ,*rysippus4 ,= !y affirm t ^? ?+s are n good b indiff]5t1 ?\gh p]haps a little m ne> to "o species ?an to ! o!r4 ,=1 z x is ! prop]ty ( ! hot to w>m & n to *ill "o1 s x is ! prop]ty ( ! good to b5efit & n to injure "o4 ,n[1 weal? & good heal? _c be said to b5efit any m ?an to injure any "o3 !re=e1 nei!r weal? nor good heal? are goods4 ,aga91 !y say t t ?+ is n good :i* x is possible to use bo? well & ill4 ,b x is possible to make ei!r a good or a bad use ( weal?1 or ( heal?2 !re=e1 weal? & good heal? are n goods4 ,posidonius1 h[ev]1 affirms t ^! ?+s d come "u ! head ( goods4 ,b ,hecaton1 9 ! n9ete5? book ( 8 treatise on ,goods1 & ,*rysippus1 9 8 treatises on ,pleasure1 bo? d5y t pleasure is a good4 ,= !y say t !re are disgraceful pleasures1 & t no?+ disgraceful is good4 ,& t to b5efit a p]son is to move him or to keep him accord+ to virtue1 b to injure him is to move him or to keep him accord+ to vice4 ,!y also ass]t1 t ?+s indiff]5t are s spok5 ( 9 a tw(old mann]2 fir/ly1 ^? ?+s are call$ s1 :i* h no influ5ce 9 produc+ ei!r happ9ess or unhapp9ess2 su* = in/ance1 z ri*es1 glory1 heal?1 /r5g?1 & ! l2 = x is possible = a man to be happy )\t any ( ^! ?+s2 & also1 x is ^u ! "* ( ! use t is made ( !m1 t happ9ess or unhapp9ess dep5ds4 ,9 ano!r s5se1 ^? ?+s are call$ indiff]5t1 :i* d n excite any incl9ation or av]sion1 z = in/ance1 ! fact ( a man's hav+ an odd or an ev5 numb] ( hairs on 8 head1 or 8 putt+ out or draw+ back 8 f+]2 = x is n 9 ?is s5se t ! ?+s previ\sly m5tion$ are call$ indiff]5t1 = !y d excite incl9ation or av]sion4 ,on :i* acc\nt "s ( !m are *os51 ?\gh !re is equal reason = pref]r+ or %unn+ all ! o!rs4 ,,lxi4 ,aga91 ( ?+s indiff]5t1 !y call "s pref]r$ 771 & o!rs reject$ 774 ,^? are pref]r$1 :i* h "s prop] value 771 & ^? are reject$1 :i* h no value at all 7 74 ,& by ! t]m prop] value1 !y mean t quality ( ?+s1 :i* causes !m to concur 9 produc+ a well-regulat$ life2 & 9 ?is s5se1 e good has a prop] value4 ,aga91 !y say t a ?+ has value1 :5 9 "s po9t ( view1 x has a sort ( int]m$iate p[] ( aid+ u to live con=mably to nature2 & "u ?is class1 we may range ri*es or good heal?1 if !y give any assi/ance to natural life4 ,aga91 value is pr$icat$ ( ! price :i* "o gives = ! atta9m5t ( an object1 :i* "s "o1 :o has exp]i5ce ( ! object s\ght1 fixes z its fair price2 z if we 7 to say1 = in/ance1 t z "s :eat 0 to be ex*ang$ = b>ley1 ) a mule ?r[n 9 to make up ! diff]5ce4 ,^? goods !n are pref]r$1 :i* h a value1 z 9 ! case ( ! m5tal goods1 ability1 skill1 improvem5t1 & ! l2 & 9 ! case ( ! corporeal goods1 life1 heal?1 /r5g?1 a good con/itution1 s\ndness1 beauty2 & 9 ! case ( ext]nal goods1 ri*es1 glory1 nobility ( bir?1 & ! l4 ,reject$ ?+s are1 9 ! case ( qualities ( ! m9d1 /upidity1 unskilfulness1 & ! l2 9 ! case ( circum/ances affect+ ! body1 dea?1 disease1 weakness1 a bad con/itution1 mutilation1 disgrace1 & ! l2 9 ! case ( ext]nal circum/ances1 pov]ty1 want ( reputation1 ignoble bir?1 & ! l4 ,b ^? qualities & circum/ances :i* are indiff]5t1 are nei!r pref]r$ nor reject$4 ,aga91 ( ?+s pref]r$1 "s are pref]r$ = _! own sakes1 "s = ! sake ( o!r ?+s1 & "s p>tly = _! own sakes & p>tly = t ( o!r ?+s4 ,^? :i* are pref]r$ = _! own sakes1 are ability1 improvem5t1 & ! l2 ^? :i* are pref]r$ = ! sake ( o!r ?+s1 are weal?1 nobility ( bir?1 & ! l2 ^? :i* are pref]r$ p>tly = _! own sake1 & p>tly = t ( some?+ else1 are /r5g?1 vig\r ( ! s5ses1 univ]sal s\ndness1 & ! l2 = !y are pref]r$1 = _! own sakes1 inasmu* z !y are 9 accordance ) nature2 & = ! sake ( some?+ else1 inasmu* z !y are productive ( no small numb] ( advantages2 & ! same is ! case 9 ! inv]se ratio1 ) ^? ?+s :i* are reject$4 ,,lxii4 ,aga91 !y say t t is duty1 :i* is pref]r$1 & :i* conta9s 9 itself reasonable argum5ts :y we %\ld pref] x2 z = in/ance1 its correspond+ to ! nature ( life itself2 & ?is argum5t ext5ds to plants & animals1 = ev5 _! nature is subject to ! obligation ( c]ta9 duties4 ,& duty 7 7 _h ?is "n giv5 to x by ,z5o1 9 ! fir/ in/ance1 its appellation be+ d]iv$ f its com+ to1 or accord+ to "s p1 2 & its effect is some?+ k9dr$ to ! prep>ations made by nature4 ,n[ ( ! ?+s done accord+ to incl9ation1 "s are duties1 & "s are contr>y to duty2 & "s are nei!r duties nor contr>y to duty4 ,^? are duties1 :i* reason selects to d1 z = in/ance1 to hon\r "o's p>5ts1 "o's bro!rs1 "o's c\ntry1 to gratify "o's fri5ds4 ,^? actions are contr>y to duty1 :i* reason does n *oose2 z = in/ance1 to neglect "o's p>5ts1 to be indiff]5t to "o's bro!rs1 to %irk assi/+ "o's fri5ds1 to be c>eless ab\t ! welf>e ( "o's c\ntry1 & s on4 ,^? are nei!r duties1 nor contr>y to duty1 :i* reason nei!r selects to d1 nor1 on ! o!r h&1 repudiates1 su* actions1 = in/ance1 z to pick up /raw1 to hold a p51 or a comb1 or ?+s ( t sort4 ,aga91 !re are "s duties :i* d n dep5d on circum/ances1 & "s :i* d4 ,^! d n dep5d on circum/ances1 to take c>e ( "o's heal?1 & ( ! s\nd /ate ( "o's s5ses1 & ! l4 ,^? :i* d dep5d on circum/ances1 are ! mutilation ( "o's memb]s1 ! sacrific+ ( "o's prop]ty1 & s on4 ,& ! case ( ^? actions :i* are contr>y to duty1 is simil>4 ,aga91 ( duties1 "s are always su*1 & "s are n always4 ,:at is always a duty1 is to live 9 accordance ) virtue2 b to ask que/ions1 to give answ]s1 to walk1 & ! l1 are n always duties4 ,& ! same /atem5t holds good ) respect to acts contr>y to duty4 ,!re is also a class ( int]m$iate duties1 su* z ! duty ( boys obey+ _! ma/]s4 ,,lxiii4 ,! ,/oics also say t ! m9d is divisible into eight p>ts2 = t ! five organs ( s5sation1 & ! vocal p[]1 & ! intellectual p[]1 :i* is ! m9d itself1 & ! g5]ative p[]1 are all p>ts ( ! m9d4 ,b by error1 !re is produc$ a p]v]sion :i* op]ates on ! intellect1 f :i* _m p]turbations arise1 & _m causes ( incon/ancy4 ,& all p]turbation is itself1 accord+ to ,z5o1 a movem5t ( ! m9d1 or sup]flu\s incl9ation1 :i* is irrational1 & contr>y to nature4 ,moreov]1 ( ! sup]ior class ( p]turbations1 z ,hecaton says1 9 ! second book ( 8 treatise on ! ,passions1 & z ,z5o also says 9 8 "w on ! ,passions1 !re are f\r k9ds1 grief1 fe>1 desire1 & pleasure4 ,& !y consid] t ^! p]turbations are judgm5ts1 z ,*rysippus cont5ds 9 8 "w on ! ,passions2 = covet\sness is an op9ion t money is a beautiful object1 & 9 l mann] drunk5ness & intemp]ance1 & o!r ?+s ( ! sort1 are judgm5ts4 ,& grief !y def9e to be an irrational contraction ( ! m9d1 & x is divid$ into ! foll[+ species1 pity1 envy1 emulation1 jeal\sy1 pa91 p]turbation1 sorr[1 angui%1 confusion4 ,pity is a grief ov] "s "o1 on ! gr\nd ( 8 be+ 9 undes]v$ di/ress4 ,envy is a grief1 at ! good =tune ( ano!r4 ,emulation is a grief at t belong+ to "s "o else1 :i* "o desires "o's self4 ,jeal\sy is a grief at ano!r also hav+ :at "o has "o's self4 ,pa9 is a grief :i* weighs "o d[n4 ,p]turbation is grief :i* n>r[s "o1 & causes "o to feel 9 a /rait4 ,sorr[ is a grief aris+ f delib]ate ?\ght1 :i* endures = "s "t1 & gradually increases4 ,angui% is a grief ) acute pa94 ,confusion is an irrational grief1 :i* frets "o1 & prev5ts "o f cle>ly disc]n+ pres5t circum/ances4 ,b fe> is ! expectation ( evil2 & ! foll[+ feel+s are all class$ "u ! head ( fe>3 appreh5sion1 hesitation1 %ame1 p]plexity1 trepidation1 & anxiety4 ,appreh5sion is a fe> :i* produces al>m4 ,%ame is a fe> ( discr$it4 ,hesitation is a fe> ( com+ activity4 ,p]plexity is a fe>1 f ! imag9ation ( "s unusual ?+4 ,trepidation is a fe> accompani$ ) an oppression ( ! voice4 ,anxiety is a fe> ( "s unc]ta9 ev5t4 ,aga91 desire is an irrational appetite2 to :i* head1 ! foll[+ feel+s are ref]rible3 want1 hatr$1 cont5ti\sness1 ang]1 love1 enmity1 rage4 ,want is a desire aris+ f our n hav+ some?+ or o!r1 & is1 z x 71 sep>at$ f ! ?+1 b is /ill /ret*+1 & attract$ t[>ds x 9 va94 ,& hatr$ is a desire t x %\ld be ill ) "s "o1 accompani$ ) a c]ta9 cont9ual increase & ext5sion4 ,cont5ti\sness is a c]ta9 desire accompani$ ) delib]ate *oice4 ,ang] is a desire ( rev5ge1 on a p]son :o appe>s to h injur$ "o 9 an unbecom+ way4 ,love is a desire n conv]sant ab\t a virtu\s object1 = x is an attempt to conciliate affection1 because ( "s beauty :i* is se54 ,enmity is a c]ta9 ang] ( long duration1 & full ( hatr$1 & x is a wat*ful passion1 z is %[n 9 ! foll[+ l9es3-- ,= ?\gh we deem ! %ort-liv'd fury pa/1 ',tis sure ! mighty w rev5ge at la/4#ij ,b rage is ang] at its comm5cem5t4 ,aga91 pleasure is an irrational elation ( ! m9d ov] some?+ :i* appe>s to be desirable2 & its diff]5t species are enjoym5t1 rejoic+ at evil1 delight1 & extravagant joy4 ,enjoym5t n[1 is a pleasure :i* *>ms ! m9d ?r\gh ! e>s4 ,rejoic+ at evil 771 is a pleasure :i* arises at ! mis=tunes ( o!rs4 ,delight 771 t is to say turn+ 771 is a c]ta9 turn+ ( ! s\l 7 71 to s(tness4 ,extravagant joy is ! dissolution ( virtue4 ,& z !re are said to be "s sicknesses 771 9 ! body1 z1 = in/ance1 g\t & ar?ritic disord]s2 s too are ^? diseases ( ! s\l1 su* z a fondness = glory1 or = pleasure1 & o!r feel+s ( t sort4 ,= an is a disease accompani$ ) weakness2 & a disease is an op9ion ( some?+ :i* appe>s exce$+ly desirable4 ,&1 z 9 ! case ( ! body1 !re are illnesses to :i* p are especially liable1 su* z colds or di>rha2 s also are !re prop5sities :i* ! m9d is "u ! influ5ce (1 su* z envi\sness1 pitifulness1 qu>relsom5ess1 & s on4 ,!re are also ?ree good dispositions ( ! m9d2 joy1 caution1 & w4 ,& joy !y say is ! opposite ( pleasure1 s9ce x is a rational elation ( ! m9d2 s caution is ! opposite ( fe>1 be+ a rational avoidance ( any?+1 = ! wise man w nev] be afraid1 b he w act ) caution2 & w1 !y def9e z ! opposite ( desire1 s9ce x is a rational wi%4 ,z !re=e "s ?+s fall "u ! class ( ! fir/ p]turbations1 9 ! same mann] d "s ?+s fall "u ! class ( ! fir/ good dispositions4 ,& accord+ly1 "u ! head ( w1 are class$ goodwill1 placidity1 salutation1 affection2 & "u ! head ( caution are rang$ rev]5ce & mode/y2 "u ! head ( joy1 we speak ( delight1 mir?1 & good spirits4 ,,lxiv4 ,!y say also1 t ! wise man is free f p]turbations1 because he has no /rong prop5sities4 ,b t ?is fre$om f prop5sities also exi/s 9 ! bad man1 be+1 h[ev]1 !n q ano!r ?+1 inasmu* z x proce$s 9 him only f ! h>dness & unimpressibility ( 8 nature4 ,!y also pron\nce ! wise man free f vanity1 s9ce he reg>ds ) equal eye :at is glori\s & :at is +lori\s4 ,at ! same "t1 !y admit t !re is ano!r "* devoid ( vanity1 :o1 h[ev]1 is only reckon$ "o ( ! ra% m51 be+ 9 fact ! bad man4 ,!y also say t all ! virtu\s m5 are au/]e1 because !y d nev] speak ) ref]5ce to pleasure1 nor d !y li/5 to :at is said by o!rs ) ref]5ce to pleasure4 ,at ! same "t1 !y call ano!r man au/]e too1 us+ ! t]m 9 ne>ly ! same s5se z !y d :5 !y speak ( au/]e w9e1 :i* is us$ 9 comp\nd+ m$ic9es1 b n = dr9k+4 ,!y also pron\nce ! wise to be hone/-he>t$ m51 anxi\sly att5d+ to ^? matt]s :i* may make !m bett]1 by means ( "s pr9ciple :i* conceals :at is bad1 & br+s to light :at is good4 ,nor is !re any hypocrisy ab\t !m2 = !y cut (f all pret5ce 9 _! voice & appe>ance4 ,!y also keep alo( f bus9ess2 = !y gu>d c>efully aga9/ do+ any ?+ contr>y to _! duty4 ,!y dr9k w9e1 b !y d n get drunk2 & !y nev] yield to fr5zy4 ,occasionally1 extraord9>y imag9ations may obta9 a mom5t>y p[] ov] !m1 ow+ to "s melan*oly or trifl+1 aris+ n accord+ to ! pr9ciple ( :at is desirable1 b contr>y to nature4 ,nor1 aga91 w ! wise man feel grief2 because grief is an irrational contraction ( ! s\l1 z ,apollodorus def9es x 9 8 ,e?ics4 ,!y are also1 z !y say1 godlike2 = !y h some?+ 9 !m :i* is z x 7 a ,god4 ,b ! bad man is an a!i/4 ,n[ !re are two k9ds ( a!i/s2 "o :o speaks 9 a _s ( ho/ility to1 & ! o!r1 :o utt]ly disreg>ds1 ! div9e nature2 b !y admit t all bad m5 are n a!i/s 9 ?is la/ s5se4 ,! good1 on ! contr>y1 are pi\s2 = !y h a ?or\gh acqua9tance ) ! laws respect+ ! ,gods4 ,& piety is a k ( ! prop] rev]5ce & wor%ip due to ! ,gods4 ,moreov] !y sacrifice to ! ,gods1 & keep !mselves pure2 = !y avoid all (f5ces hav+ ref]5ce to ! ,gods1 & ! ,gods admire !m2 = !y are holy & j 9 all t conc]ns ! ,deity2 & ! wise m5 are ! only prie/s2 = !y consid] ! matt]s relat+ to sacrifices1 & ! erection ( temples1 & purifications1 & all o!r ?+s :i* peculi>ly conc]n ! ,gods4 ,!y also pron\nce t m5 are b\nd to hon\r _! p>5ts1 & _! bre?r51 9 ! second place aft] ! ,gods4 ,!y also say t p>5tal affection = "o's *ildr5 is natural to !m1 & is a feel+ :i* does n exi/ 9 bad m54 ,& !y lay d[n ! position t all (f5ces are equal1 z ,*rysippus argues 9 ! f\r? book ( 8 ,e?ic ,que/ions1 & s say ,p]su & ,z5o4 ,= if "o ?+ t is true is n m true ?an ano!r ?+ t is true1 nei!r is "o ?+ t is false m false ?an ano!r ?+ t is false2 s too1 "o deceit is n great] ?an ano!r1 nor "o s9 ?an ano!r4 ,= ! man :o is a hundr$ furlongs f ,canopus1 & ! man :o is only "o1 are bo? equally n 9 ,canopus2 & s too1 he :o commits a great] s91 & he :o commits a less1 are bo? equally n 9 ! "r pa?4 ,h]aclides ( ,t>sus1 inde$1 ! fri5d ( ,antipat]1 ( ,t>sus1 & ,a!nodorus1 bo? ass]t t (f5ces are n equal4 ,aga91 ! ,/oics1 z = in/ance1 ,*rysippus1 9 ! fir/ book ( 8 "w on ,lives1 say1 t ! wise man w take a "p 9 ! affairs ( ! /ate1 if no?+ h9d]s him4 ,= t he w re/ra9 vice1 & excite m5 to virtue4 ,also1 !y say t he w m>ry1 z ,z5o says1 9 8 ,republic1 & beget *ildr54 ,moreov]1 t ! wise man w nev] =m m]e op9ions1 t is to say1 he w nev] agree to any?+ t is false2 & t he w become a ,cynic2 = t ,cynicism is a %ort pa? to virtue1 z ,apollodorus calls x 9 8 ,e?ics2 t he w ev5 eat human fle%1 if !re %\ld be occasion2 t he is ! only free man1 & t ! bad are slaves2 = t fre$om is a p[] ( indep5d5t action1 b slav]y a deprivation ( ! same4 ,t !re is besides1 ano!r slav]y1 :i* consi/s 9 subjection1 & a ?ird :i* consi/s 9 possession & subjection2 ! contr>y ( :i* is ma/]hood1 :i* is likewise bad4 ,& !y say1 t n only are ! wise free1 b t !y are also k+s1 s9ce k+ly p[] is an irresponsible dom9ion1 :i* c only exi/ 9 ! case ( ! wise man1 z ,*rysippus says 9 8 treatise on ! ,prop] ,application ( 8 ,t]ms made by ,z5o2 = he says t a rul] ought to give decisions on good & evil1 & t none ( ! wick$ und]/& ^! ?+s4 ,9 ! same way1 !y ass]t t !y are ! only p :o are fit to be magi/rates or judges1 or orators1 & t none ( ! bad are qualifi$ = ^! tasks4 ,moreov]1 t !y are free f all error1 9 consequ5ce ( _! n be+ prone to any wrong actions4 ,also1 t !y are unconnect$ ) injury1 = t !y nev] injure any "o else1 nor !mselves4 ,also1 t !y are n pitiful1 & t !y nev] make all[ance = any "o2 = t !y d n relax ! puni%m5ts appo9t$ by law1 s9ce yield+1 & pity1 & m]cifulness itself1 nev] exi/ 9 any ( _! s\ls1 s z to induce an affectation ( k9dness 9 respect ( puni%m5t2 nor d !y ev] ?9k any puni%m5t too sev]e4 ,aga91 !y say t ! wise man nev] wond]s at any ( ! ?+s :i* appe> extraord9>y2 z = in/ance1 at ! /ories ab\t ,*>on1 or ! ebb+ ( ! tide1 or ! spr+s ( hot wat]1 or ! bur/+ =? ( flames4 ,b1 say !y fur!r1 ! wise man w n live 9 solitude2 = he is by nature sociable & practical4 ,accord+ly1 he w take ex]cise = ! sake ( h>d5+ & invigorat+ 8 body4 ,& ! wise man w pray1 ask+ good ?+s f ! ,gods1 z ,posidonius says 9 ! fir/ book ( 8 treatise on ,duties1 & ,hecaton says ! same ?+ 9 ! ?irte5? book ( 8 treatise on ,extraord9>y ,?+s4 ,!y also say1 t fri5d%ip exi/s 9 ! virtu\s alone1 on acc\nt ( _! resemblance to "o ano!r4 ,& !y describe fri5d%ip itself z a c]ta9 communion ( ! ?+s :i* conc]n life1 s9ce we use our fri5ds z ourselves4 ,& !y ass]t t a fri5d is desirable = 8 own sake1 & t a numb] ( fri5ds is a good2 & t among ! wick$ !re is no su* ?+ z fri5d%ip1 & t no wick$ man c h a fri5d4 ,aga91 !y say t all ! fooli% are mad2 = t !y are n prud5t1 & t madness is equival5t to folly 9 e "o ( its actions2 b t ! wise man does ev]y?+ prop]ly1 j z we say t ,ism5ias c play e piece ( flute-music well4 ,also1 !y say t ev]y?+ belongs to ! wise man1 = t ! law has giv5 !m p]fect & univ]sal p[]2 b "s ?+s also are said to belong to ! wick$1 j 9 ! same mann] z "s ?+s are said to belong to ! unju/1 or z a h\se is said to belong to a city 9 a diff]5t s5se f t 9 :i* a ?+ belongs to ! p]son :o uses x4 ,,lxv4 ,& !y say t virtues reciprocally foll[ "o ano!r1 & t he :o has "o has all2 = t ! precepts ( !m all are common1 z ,*rysippus affirms 9 ! fir/ book ( 8 treatise on ,laws2 & ,apollodorus1 9 8 ,natural ,philosophy1 accord+ to ! anci5t sy/em2 & ,hecaton1 9 ! ?ird book ( 8 treatise on ,virtues4 ,= !y say t ! man :o is endu$ ) virtue1 is able to consid] & also to d :at mu/ be done4 ,b :at mu/ be done mu/ be *os51 & enc\nt]$1 & di/ribut$1 & await$2 s t if ! man does "s ?+s by delib]ate *oice1 & "s 9 a _s ( endurance1 & "s di/ributively1 & "s pati5tly2 he is prud5t1 & c\rage\s1 & j1 & temp]ate4 ,& ea* ( ! virtues has a p>ticul> subject ( its own1 ab\t :i* x is conv]sant2 z1 = in/ance1 c\rage is conv]sant ab\t ! ?+s :i* mu/ be endur$3 prud5ce is conv]sant ab\t :at mu/ be done & :at mu/ n1 & :at is ( a neutral or indiff]5t "*4 ,& 9 l mann]1 ! o!r virtues are conv]sant ab\t _! own peculi> subjects2 & wisdom 9 c\nsel & %rewdness foll[ prud5ce2 & good ord] & decorum foll[ temp]ance2 & equality & goodness ( judgm5t foll[ ju/ice2 & con/ancy & en]gy foll[ c\rage4 ,ano!r doctr9e ( ! ,/oics is1 t !re is no?+ int]m$iate betwe5 virtue & vice2 :ile ! ,p]ipatetics ass]t t !re is a /age betwe5 virtue & vice1 be+ an improvem5t on vice :i* has n yet arriv$ at virtue4 ,= ! ,/oics say1 t z a /ick mu/ be ei!r /raight or crook$1 s a man mu/ be ei!r j or unju/1 & _c be m j ?an j1 or m unju/ ?an unju/2 & t ! same rule applies to all cases4 ,moreov]1 ,*rysippus is ( op9ion t virtue c be lo/1 b ,clean!s affirms t x _c2 ! "o say+ t x c be lo/ by drunk5ness or melan*oly1 ! o!r ma9ta9+ t x _c be lo/ on acc\nt ( ! firm p]ceptions :i* x implants 9 m54 ,!y also pron\nce x a prop] object ( *oice2 accord+ly1 we are a%am$ ( actions :i* we d improp]ly1 :ile we are aw>e t :at is hon\rable is ! only good4 ,aga91 !y affirm t x is ( itself suffici5t = happ9ess1 z ,z5o says1 & he is foll[$ 9 ?is ass]tion by ,*rysippus 9 ! fir/ book ( 8 treatise on ,virtues1 & by ,hecaton 9 ! second book ( 8 treatise on ,goods4 8,= if10 says he1 8magnanimity be suffici5t ( itself to enable u to act 9 a mann] sup]ior to all o!r m52 & if t is a "p ( virtue1 !n virtue is ( itself suffici5t = happ9ess1 despis+ all ?+s :i* seem tr\blesome to x40 ,h[ev]1 ,pantius & ,posidonius d n admit t virtue has ?is suffici5cy ( itself1 b say t !re is also ne$ ( good heal?1 & compet5cy1 & /r5g?4 ,& _! op9ion is t a man ex]cises virtue 9 ev]y?+1 z ,clean!s ass]ts1 = x _c be lo/2 & ! virtu\s man on e occasion ex]cises 8 s\l1 :i* is 9 a /ate ( p]fection4 ,,lxvi4 ,aga91 !y say t ju/ice exi/s by nature1 & n because ( any def9ition or pr9ciple2 j z law does1 or "r reason1 z ,*rysippus tells u 9 8 treatise on ! ,beautiful2 & !y ?9k t "o ought n to ab&on philosophy on acc\nt ( ! diff]5t op9ions prevail+ among philosoph]s1 s9ce on ?is pr9ciple "o w\ld :olly quit life1 z ,posidonius argues 9 8 ,exhortatory ,essays4 ,ano!r doctr9e ( ,*rysippus is1 t g5]al le>n+ is v useful4 ,& ! ,s*ool 9 g5]al ma9ta9 t !re are no obligations ( ju/ice b9d+ on u ) ref]5ce to o!r animals1 on acc\nt ( _! dissimil>ity to u1 z ,*rysippus ass]ts 9 ! fir/ book ( 8 treatise on ,ju/ice1 & ! same op9ion is ma9ta9$ by ,posidonius 9 ! fir/ book ( 8 treatise on ,duty4 ,!y say too1 t ! wise man w love ^? "y m51 :o by _! outw>d appe>ance1 %[ a natural aptitude = virtue2 & ?is op9ion is advanc$ by ,z5o1 9 8 ,republic1 & by ,*rysippus 9 ! fir/ book ( 8 "w on ,lives1 & by ,apollodorus 9 8 ,e?ics4 ,& !y describe love z an endeav\r to b5efit a fri5d on acc\nt ( 8 visible beauty2 & t x is an attribute n ( acqua9tance%ip1 b ( fri5d%ip4 ,accord+ly1 t ,?rasonides1 al?\gh he _h 8 mi/ress 9 8 p[]1 ab/a9$ f h]1 because he 0 hat$ by h]4 ,love1 !re=e1 accord+ to !m is a "p ( fri5d%ip1 z ,*rysippus ass]ts 9 8 essay on ,love2 & x is n blameable4 ,moreov]1 beauty is ! fl[] ( virtue4 ,& z !re are ?ree k9ds ( lives2 ! !oretical1 ! practical1 & ! logical2 !y say t ! la/ is ! "o :i* ought to be *os54 ,= t a logical1 t is a rational1 animal 0 made by nature on purpose = speculation & action4 ,& !y say t a wise man w v rationally take himself out ( life1 ei!r = ! sake ( 8 c\ntry or ( 8 fri5ds1 or if he be 9 bitt] pa91 or "u ! affliction ( mutilation1 or incurable disease4 ,& !y also tea* t wom5 ought to be 9 common among ! wise1 s t :oev] meets ) any "o may enjoy h]1 & ?is doctr9e is ma9ta9$ by ,z5o 9 8 ,republic1 & by ,*rysippus 9 8 treatise on ,polity1 & by ,diog5es ! ,cynic1 & by ,plato2 & !n1 say !y1 we %all love all boys equally aft] ! mann] ( fa!rs1 & all suspicion on ! gr\nd ( undue famili>ity w be remov$4 ,!y affirm too1 t ! be/ ( political con/itutions is a mix$ "o1 comb9$ ( democracy1 & k+ly p[]1 & ari/ocracy4 ,& !y say _m ?+s ( ?is sort1 & m too1 9 _! ,e?ical ,dogmas1 & !y ma9ta9 !m by suitable explanations & argum5ts4 ,b ?is may be en\gh = u to say ( _! doctr9es on ?is head by way ( summ>y1 & tak+ !m 9 an elem5t>y mann]4 ,,lxvii4 ,!y divide natural philosophy into ! topics ( bodies1 & ( pr9ciples1 & ( elem5ts1 & ( ,gods1 & ( b\nd>ies1 & ( place1 & ( ! vacuum4 ,& !y make ^! divisions accord+ to species2 b accord+ to g5]a !y divide !m into ?ree topics1 t ( ! _w1 t ( ! elem5ts1 & ! ?ird is t :i* reasons on causes4 ,! topic ab\t ! _w1 !y say1 is subdivid$ into two p>ts4 ,= t 9 "o po9t ( view1 ! ma!maticians also h a %>e 9 x2 & accord+ to x x is t !y prosecute _! inve/igations into ! nature ( ! fix$ />s & ! planets2 z1 = in/ance1 :e!r ! sun is ( su* a size z he appe>s to be1 & simil>ly1 :e!r ! moon is2 & 9 ! same way !y inve/igate ! "q ( sph]ical motion1 & o!rs ( ! same "*4 ,! o!r po9t ( view is t :i* is res]v$ exclusively = natural philosoph]s1 accord+ to :i* x is t ! exi/5ce & sub/ance ( ?+s are exam9$1 = in/ance1 :e!r ! sun & ! />s consi/ ( matt] & =m1 & :e!r ! sun is born or n born1 :e!r x is liv+ or lifeless1 corruptible or incorruptible1 :e!r x is regulat$ by ,provid5ce1 & o!r que/ions ( ?is k9d4 ,! topic :i* exam9es into causes !y say is also divisible into two p>ts2 & ) ref]5ce to "o ( its consid]ations1 ! inve/igations ( physicians p>take ( x2 accord+ to :i* x is t !y inve/igate ! dom9ant pr9ciple ( ! s\l1 & ! ?+s :i* exi/ 9 ! s\l1 & se$s1 & ?+s ( ?is k9d4 ,& its o!r division is claim$ z belong+ to !m also by ! ma!maticians1 z1 = in/ance1 h[ we see1 :at is ! cause ( our appe>ance be+ reflect$ 9 a mirror1 h[ cl\ds are collect$1 h[ ?und] is produc$1 & ! ra9b[1 & ! halo1 & comets1 & ?+s ( t k9d4 ,,lxviii4 ,!y ?9k t !re are two g5]al pr9ciples 9 ! univ]se1 ! active & ! passive4 ,t ! passive is matt]1 an exi/5ce )\t any di/9ctive quality4 ,t ! active is ! reason :i* exi/s 9 ! passive1 t is to say1 ,god4 ,= t he1 be+ et]nal1 & exi/+ ?r\gh\t all matt]1 makes ev]y?+4 ,& ,z5o1 ! ,cittian1 lays d[n ?is doctr9e 9 8 treatise on ,ess5ce1 & s does ,clean!s 9 8 essay on ,atoms1 ,*rysippus 9 ! fir/ book ( 8 ,inve/igations 9 ,natural ,philosophy1 t[>ds ! end1 ,ar*$emus 9 8 "w on ,elem5ts1 & ,posidonius 9 ! second book ( 8 treatise on ,natural ,philosophy4 ,b !y say t pr9ciples & elem5ts diff] f "o ano!r4 ,= t ! "o _h no g5]ation or beg9n+1 & w h no end2 b t ! elem5ts may be de/roy$ by ! op]ation ( fire4 ,also1 t ! elem5ts are bodies1 b pr9ciples h no bodies & no =ms1 & elem5ts too h =ms4 ,n[ a body1 says ,apollodorus 9 8 ,natural ,philosophy1 is ext5d$ 9 a ?reefold mann]2 9 l5g?1 9 bread?1 9 dep?2 & !n x is call$ a solid body2 & ! sup]ficies is ! limit ( ! body hav+ l5g? & bread? alone1 b n dep?4 ,b ,posidonius1 9 ! ?ird book ( 8 ,heav5ly ,phnom5a1 w n all[ a sup]ficies ei!r any sub/antial reality1 or any intelligible exi/5ce4 ,a l9e is ! limit ( a sup]ficies1 or l5g? )\t bread?1 or some?+ :i* has no?+ b l5g?4 ,a po9t is ! b\nd>y ( a l9e1 & is ! smalle/ ( all symbols4 ,!y also tea* t ,god is unity1 & t he is call$ ,m9d1 & ,fate1 & ,jupit]1 & by _m o!r names besides4 ,& t1 z he 0 9 ! beg9n+ by himself1 he turn$ into wat] ! :ole sub/ance :i* p]vad$ ! air2 & z ! se$ is conta9$ 9 ! produce1 s too1 he be+ ! sem9al pr9ciple ( ! _w1 rema9$ beh9d 9 moi/ure1 mak+ matt] fit to be employ$ by himself 9 ! production ( ^? ?+s :i* 7 to come aft]2 & !n1 fir/ ( all1 he made ! f\r elem5ts1 fire1 wat]1 air1 & e>?4 ,& ,z5o speaks ( ^! 9 8 treatise on ! ,univ]se1 & s does ,*rysippus 9 ! fir/ book ( 8 ,physics1 & s does ,ar*$emus 9 "s treatise on ! ,elem5ts4 ,,lxix4 ,n[ an elem5t is t out ( :i* at fir/ all ?+s :i* are are produc$1 & into :i* all ?+s are resolv$ at la/4 ,& ! f\r elem5ts are all equally an ess5ce )\t any di/9ctive quality1 namely1 matt]2 b fire is ! hot1 wat] ! moi/1 air ! cold1 & e>? ! dry--?\gh ?is la/ quality is also common to ! air4 ,! fire is ! highe/1 & t is call$ !r1 9 :i* fir/ ( all ! sph]e 0 g5]at$ 9 :i* ! fix$ />s are set1 !n t 9 :i* ! planets revolve2 aft] t ! air1 !n ! wat]2 & ! s$im5t z x 7 ( all is ! e>?1 :i* is plac$ 9 ! c5tre ( ! re/4 ,,lxx4 ,!y also speak ( ! _w 9 a ?reefold s5se2 at "o "t mean+ ,god himself1 :om !y call a be+ ( a c]ta9 quality1 hav+ = 8 peculi> manife/ation univ]sal sub/ance1 a be+ imp]i%able1 & :o nev] _h any g5]ation1 be+ ! mak] ( ! arrangem5t & ord] t we see2 & :o1 aft] c]ta9 p]iods ( "t1 absorbs all sub/ance 9 himself1 & !n re-produces x f himself4 ,& ?is arrangem5t ( ! />s !y call ! _w1 & s ! ?ird s5se is "o compos$ ( bo? ! prec$+ ones4 ,& ! _w is a ?+ :i* is peculi>ly ( su* & su* a quality consi/+ ( univ]sal sub/ance1 z ,posidonius affirms 9 8 ,meteorological ,elem5ts1 be+ a sy/em comp\nd$ ( heav5 & e>?1 & all ! creatures :i* exi/ 9 !m2 or x may be call$ a sy/em comp\nd$ ( ,gods & m51 & ( ! ?+s creat$ on _! acc\nt4 ,& ! heav5 is ! mo/ remote circumf]5ce ( ! _w1 9 :i* all ! ,div9e ,nature is situat$4 ,aga91 ! _w is inhabit$ & regulat$ accord+ to intellect & provid5ce1 z ,*rysippus says1 9 8 works on ,provid5ce1 & ,posidonius 9 ! ?irte5? book ( 8 treatise on ,gods1 s9ce m9d p5etrates into e "p ( ! _w1 j z ! s\l p]vades u2 b x is 9 a great] degree 9 "s p>ts1 & 9 a less degree 9 o!rs4 ,= in/ance1 x p5etrates z a habit1 z1 = in/ance1 into ! bones & s9ews2 & into "s x p5etrates z ! m9d does1 = in/ance1 into ! dom9ant pr9ciple4 ,& ?us ! :ole _w1 be+ a liv+ ?+1 end[$ ) a s\l & ) reason1 has ! !r z its dom9ant pr9ciple1 z ,antipat]1 ( ,tyre1 says 9 ! eigh? book ( 8 treatise on ! ,_w4 ,b ,*rysippus1 9 ! fir/ book ( 8 essay on ,provid5ce1 & ,posidonius 9 8 treatise on ,gods1 say t ! heav5 is ! dom9ant pr9ciple ( ! _w2 & ,clean!s attributes ?is to ! sun4 ,*rysippus1 h[ev]1 on ?is po9t contradicts himself2 = he says 9 ano!r place1 t ! mo/ subtle portion ( ! !r1 :i* is also call$ by ! ,/oics ! fir/ ,god1 is :at is infus$ 9 a s5sible mann] into all ! be+s :i* are 9 ! air1 & ?r\gh e animal & e plant1 & ?r\gh ! e>? itself accord+ to a c]ta9 habit2 & t x is ?is :i* communicates to !m ! faculty ( feel+4 ,!y say too1 t ! _w is "o & also f9ite1 hav+ a sph]ical =m4 ,= t su* a %ape is ! mo/ conv5i5t = motion1 z ,posidonius says1 9 ! fifte5? book ( 8 ,discussions on ,natural ,philosophy1 & s says ,antipat] also 9 8 essay on ! ,_w4 ,& on ! outside !re is diffus$ ar\nd x a b\ndless vacuum1 :i* is incorporeal4 ,& x is incorporeal inasmu*1 z x is capable ( be+ conta9$ by bodies1 b is n s4 ,& t !re is no su* ?+ z a vacuum 9 ! _w1 b t x is all closely unit$ & compact2 = t ?is condition is necess>ily br\ght ab\t by ! concord & h>mony :i* exi/ betwe5 ! heav5ly bodies & ^? ( ! e>?4 ,& ,*rysippus m5tions a vacuum 9 8 essay on a ,vacuum1 & also 9 ! fir/ book ( 8 treatise on ! ,physical ,arts1 & s does ,apollophanes 9 8 ,natural ,philosophy1 & s does ,apollodorus1 & s does ,posidonius 9 ! second book ( 8 disc\rses on ,natural ,philosophy4 ,& !y say t ^! ?+s are all incorporeal1 & all alike4 ,moreov]1 t "t is incorporeal1 s9ce x is an int]val ( ! motion ( ! _w4 ,& t ( "t1 ! pa/ & ! future are bo? illimitable1 b ! pres5t is limit$4 ,& !y ass]t t ! _w is p]i%able1 inasmu* z x 0 produc$ by reason1 & is "o ( ! ?+s :i* are p]ceptible by ! s5ses2 & :atev] has its p>ts p]i%able1 mu/ also be p]i%able 9 ! :ole4 ,& ! p>ts ( ! _w are p]i%able1 = !y *ange into "o ano!r4 ,!re=e1 ! :ole _w is p]i%able4 ,& aga91 if any?+ admits ( a *ange = ! worse x is p]i%able2 !re=e1 ! _w is p]i%able1 = x c be dri$ up1 & x c be cov]$ ) wat]4 ,n[ ! _w 0 creat$ :5 its sub/ance 0 *ang$ f fire to moi/ure1 by ! action ( ! air2 & !n its d5s] p>ts coagulat$1 & s ! e>? 0 made1 & ! ?9n] portions 7 evaporat$ & became air2 & ?is be+ r>efi$ m & m1 produc$ fire4 ,& !n1 by ! comb9ation ( all ^! elem5ts1 7 produc$ plants & animals1 & o!r k9ds ( ?+s4 ,n[ ,z5o speaks ( ! creation1 & ( ! de/ruction ( ! _w1 9 8 treatise on ! ,univ]se1 & s does ,clean!s1 & s does ,antipat]1 9 ! t5? book ( 8 treatise on ! ,_w4 ,b ,pantius ass]ts t ! _w is imp]i%able4 ,aga91 t ! _w is an animal1 & t x is endu$ ) reason1 & life1 & intellect1 is affirm$ by ,*rysippus1 9 ! fir/ volume ( 8 treatise on ,provid5ce1 & by ,apollodorus 9 8 ,natural ,philosophy1 & by ,posidonius2 & t x is an animal 9 ?is s5se1 z be+ an ess5ce endu$ ) life1 & ) s5sation4 ,= t :i* is an animal1 is bett] ?an t :i* is n an animal4 ,b no?+ is bett] ?an ! _w2 !re=e ! _w is an animal4 ,& x is endu$ ) life1 z is pla9 f ! fact ( our own s\l be+ z x 7 a fragm5t brok5 (f f x4 ,b ,boe?us d5ies t ! _w is an animal4 ,aga91 t ! _w is "o1 is affirm$ by ,z5o1 9 8 treatise on ! ,univ]se1 & by ,*rysippus1 & by ,apollodorus1 9 8 ,natural ,philosophy1 & by ,posidonius1 9 ! fir/ book ( 8 ,disc\rses on ,natural ,philosophy4 ,& by ! t]m1 ! univ]se1 accord+ to ,apollodorus1 is und]/ood bo? ! _w itself1 & also ! :ole ( ! _w itself1 & ( ! ext]ior vacuum tak5 toge!r4 ,! _w1 !n1 is f9ite1 & ! vacuum inf9ite4 ,,lxxi4 ,( ! />s1 ^? :i* are fix$ are only mov$ 9 connection ) ! movem5ts ( ! entire heav52 b ! planets move accord+ to _! own peculi> & sep>ate motions4 ,& ! sun takes an oblique pa? ?r\gh ! circle ( ! zodiac1 & 9 ! same mann] also does ! moon1 :i* is ( a w9d+ =m4 ,& ! sun is pure fire1 z ,posidonius ass]ts 9 ! sev5? book ( 8 treatise on ! ,heav5ly ,bodies1 & x is l>g] ?an ! e>?1 z ! same au?or in=ms u1 9 ! sixte5? book ( 8 ,disclosures on ,natural ,philosophy4 ,also x is sph]ical1 z he says 9 ano!r place1 be+ made on ! same pr9ciple z ! _w is4 ,!re=e x is fire1 because x p]=ms all ! functions ( fire4 ,& x is l>g] ?an ! e>?1 z is prov$ by ! fact ( ! :ole e>? be+ illum9at$ by x1 & also ! :ole heav54 ,also ! fact ( ! e>? ?r[+ a conical %ad[1 proves t ! sun is great] ?an x1 & ! sun is se5 9 e "p1 because ( its magnitude4 ,b ! moon is ( a m e>?y nature ?an ! sun1 inasmu* z x is ne>] ! e>?4 ,moreov]1 !y say t all ^! fi]y bodies1 & all ! o!r />s1 receive nutrim5t2 ! sun f ! va/ sea1 be+ a sort ( intellectual app5dage2 & ! moon f ! fre% wat]s1 be+ m+l$ ) ! air1 & also ne> ! e>?1 z ,posidonius expla9s x 9 ! six? book ( 8 ,disc\rses on ,natural ,philosophy4 ,& all ! o!r />s d]ive _! n\ri%m5t f ! e>?4 ,!y also consid] t ! />s are ( a sph]ical figure1 & t ! e>? is immovable4 ,& t ! moon has n a light ( h] own1 b t %e borr[s x f ! sun4 ,& t ! sun is eclips$1 :5 ! moon runs 9 front ( x on ! side t[>ds u1 z ,z5o describes 9 8 "w on ! ,univ]se2 = :5 x comes across x 9 its passage1 x conceals x1 & aga9 x reveals x2 & ?is is a ph5om5on easily se5 9 a bas9 ( wat]4 ,& ! moon is eclips$ :5 x comes bel[ ! %ad[ ( ! e>?1 on :i* acc\nt ?is nev] happ5s1 except at ! "t ( ! full moon2 & al?\gh x is diametrically opposite to ! sun e mon?1 /ill x is n eclips$ e mon?1 because :5 its motions are obliquely t[>ds ! sun1 x does n f9d itself 9 ! same place z ! sun1 be+ ei!r a little m to ! nor?1 or a little m to ! s\?4 ,:5 !re=e x is f\nd 9 ! same place ) ! sun1 & ) ! o!r int]m$iate objects1 !n x takes z x 7 ! diamet] ( ! sun1 & is eclips$4 ,& its place is along ! l9e :i* runs betwe5 ! crab & ! scorpion1 & ! ram & ! bull1 z ,posidonius tells u4 ,,lxxii4 ,!y also say t ,god is an animal immortal1 rational1 p]fect1 & intellectual 9 8 happ9ess1 unsusceptible ( any k9d ( evil1 hav+ a =ekn[l$ge ( ! _w & ( all t is 9 ! _w2 h[ev]1 t he has n ! figure ( a man2 & t he is ! creator ( ! univ]se1 & z x 71 ! ,fa!r ( all ?+s 9 common1 & t a portion ( him p]vades ev]y?+1 :i* is call$ by diff]5t names1 accord+ to its p[]s2 = !y call him z be+ ! p]son 7' 7 ev]y?+ is1 & 1 inasmu* z he is ! cause ( life1 7 71 or because he p]vades life4 ,& 1 ) ref]5ce to ! ext5sion ( 8 dom9ant p[] ov] ! !r 7 74 ,& 1 on acc\nt ( 8 ext5sion ?r\gh ! air 7 74 ,& 1 on acc\nt ( 8 p]vad+ fire1 :i* is ! *ief in/rum5t ( art2 & 1 z p]vad+ moi/ure1 & 1 z p]vad+ ! e>? 774 ,& 9 ! same way1 reg>d+ "s o!r ( 8 peculi> attributes1 !y h giv5 him o!r names4#ia ,! sub/ance ( ,god is ass]t$ by ,z5o to be ! univ]sal _w1 & ! heav52 & ,*rysippus agrees ) ?is doctr9e1 9 8 elev5? book on ! ,gods1 & s also does ,posidonius1 9 ! fir/ book ( 8 treatise on ! same subject4 ,antipat]1 9 ! sev5? book ( 8 treatise on ! ,_w1 says t 8 sub/ance is arial4 ,& ,boe?us1 9 8 treatise on ,nature1 calls ! sub/ance ( ,god ! sph]e ( ! fix$ />s4 ,,lxxiii4 ,& 8 nature !y def9e to be1 t :i* keeps ! _w toge!r1 & sometimes t :i* produces ! ?+s ^u ! e>?4 ,& nature is a habit :i* d]ives its movem5ts f itself1 p]fect+ & hold+ toge!r all t arises out ( x1 accord+ to ! pr9ciples ( production1 9 c]ta9 def9ite p]iods1 & do+ ! same z ! ?+s f :i* x is sep>at$4 ,& x has = its object1 suitabl5ess & pleasure1 z is pla9 f its hav+ creat$ man4 ,,lxxiv4 ,b ,*rysippus1 9 8 treatise on ,fate1 & ,posidonius1 9 ! second book ( 8 "w on ,fate1 & ,z5o1 & ,boe?us1 9 ! elev5? book ( 8 treatise on ,fate1 say1 t all ?+s are produc$ by fate4 ,& fate1 771 is a connect$ 77 cause ( exi/+ ?+s1 or ! reason accord+ to :i* ! _w is regulat$4 ,,lxxv4 ,!y also say t div9ation has a univ]sal exi/5ce1 s9ce ,provid5ce has2 & !y def9e x z an act on acc\nt ( c]ta9 results1 z ,z5o & ,*rysippus1 9 ! second book ( 8 treatise on ,div9ation1 & ,a!nodorus & ,posidonius1 9 ! twelf? book ( 8 disc\rses on ,natural ,philosophy1 & 9 ! fif? book ( 8 treatise on ,div9ation1 all agree 9 say+2 = ,pantius d5ies t x has any c]ta9 f\ndation4 ,,lxxvi4 ,& !y say t ! sub/ance ( all exi/+ ?+s is ,prim>y ,matt]1 z ,*rysippus ass]ts 9 ! fir/ book ( 8 ,physics2 & ,z5o says ! same4 ,n[ matt] is t f :i* any?+ :atev] is produc$4 ,& x is call$ by a tw(old appellation1 ess5ce & matt]2 ! "o z relat+ to all ?+s tak5 toge!r1 & ! o!r to ?+s 9 p>ticul> & sep>ate4 ,! "o :i* relates to all ?+s tak5 toge!r1 nev] becomes ei!r great] or less2 b ! "o relat+ to ?+s 9 p>ticul>1 does become great] or less1 z ! case may be4 ,,lxxvii4 ,body is1 accord+ to !m1 a sub/ance & f9ite2 z ,antipat] says1 9 ! second book ( 8 treatise on ,sub/ance2 & ,apollodorus1 9 8 ,natural ,philosophy1 agrees ) him4 ,x is also subject to *ange1 z we le>n f ! same au?or2 = if x 7 immutable1 !n ! ?+s :i* h be5 produc$ out ( x w\ld n h be5 produc$2 on :i* acc\nt he also says t x is inf9itely divisible3 b ,*rysippus d5ies t x is inf9ite2 = t no?+ is inf9ite1 :i* is divisible at all4 ,,lxxviii4 ,he admits1 h[ev]1 t x is inf9itely divisible1 & t its concretions take place ov] ! :ole ( x1 z he expla9s 9 ! ?ird book ( 8 ,physics1 & n accord+ to any circumf]5ce or juxtaposition2 = a little w9e :5 ?r[n into ! sea1 w keep its di/9ctness = a brief p]iod1 b aft] t1 w be lo/4 ,,lxxix4 ,!y also say t !re are "s ,dmones1 :o h a sympa?y ) mank9d1 be+ surveyors ( all human affairs2 & t !re are h]oes1 :i* are ! s\ls ( virtu\s m51 :i* h left _! bodies4 ,,lxxx4 ,( ! ?+s :i* take place 9 ! air1 !y say t w9t] is ! effect ( ! air above ! e>? be+ cool$1 on acc\nt ( ! retirem5t ( ! sun to a great] di/ance ?an be=e2 t spr+ is a good temp]ature ( ! air1 accord+ to ! sun's approa* t[>ds u2 t summ] is ! effect ( ! air above ! e>? be+ w>m$ by ! approa* ( ! sun t[>ds ! nor?2 t autumn is caus$ by ! retreat ( ! sun f u ''' to ^? places f :i* !y fl[4#ib ,,lxxxi4 ,& ! cause ( ! production ( ! w9ds is ! sun1 :i* evaporates ! cl\ds4 ,moreov]1 ! ra9b[ is ! reflexion ( ! sun's rays f ! moi/ cl\ds1 or1 z ,posidonius expla9s x 9 8 ,meteorology1 a manife/ation ( a section ( ! sun or moon1 9 a cl\d suffus$ ) dew2 be+ holl[ & cont9u\s to ! sight2 s t x is reflect$ z 9 a mirror1 "u ! appe>ance ( a circle4 ,& t comets1 & be>d$ />s1 & meteors1 are fires :i* h an exi/5ce :5 ! d5sity ( ! air is borne upw>ds to ! regions ( ! !r4 ,t a ray ( light is a k9dl+ ( sudd5 fire1 borne ?r\gh ! air ) great rapidity1 & display+ an appe>ance ( l5g?2 t ra9 proce$s f ! cl\ds1 be+ a trans=mation ( !m into wat]1 :5ev] ! moi/ure :i* is caught up f ! e>? or f ! sea1 by ! sun1 is n able to be o!rwise dispos$ (2 = :5 x is solidifi$1 x is !n call$ ho> fro/4 ,& hail is a cl\d congeal$1 & subsequ5tly disp]s$ by ! w9d4 ,sn[ is moi/ure f a congeal$ cl\d1 z ,posidonius tells u 9 ! eigh? book ( 8 disc\rse on ,natural ,philosophy4 ,lightn+ is a k9dl+ ( ! cl\ds f _! be+ rubb$ toge!r1 or else brok5 asund] by ! w9d1 z ,z5o tells u 9 8 treatise on ! ,univ]se2 & ?und] is ! noise made by !m on ! occasion ( _! be+ rubb$ toge!r or brok5 asund]2 & ! ?und]bolt is a sudd5 k9dl+ :i* falls ) great viol5ce on ! e>?1 f ! cl\ds be+ rubb$ toge!r or brok5 asund]1 or1 z o!rs say1 x is a conv]sion ( fi]y air viol5tly br\ght d[n to ! e>?4 ,a typhon is a va/ ?und]bolt1 viol5t & full ( w9d1 or a smoky brea? ( a cl\d brok5 asund]4 ,a is a cl\d r5t by fire1 ) w9d1#ic ''' into ! holl[s ( ! e>?1 or :5 ! w9d is p5t up 9 ! e>?1 z ,posidonius says 9 8 eigh? book2 & t "s ( !m are %ak+s1 o!rs r5d+s1 o!rs emissions ( fire1 & o!rs1 in/ances ( viol5t f]m5tation4 ,,lxxxii4 ,!y also ?9k t ! g5]al arrangem5t ( ! _w is 9 ?is fa%ion2 t ! e>? is 9 ! middle1 occupy+ ! place ( ! c5tre2 next to :i* comes ! wat]1 ( a sph]ical =m2 & hav+ ! same c5tre z ! e>?2 s t ! e>? is 9 ! wat]2 & next to ! wat] comes ! air1 :i* has also a sph]ical =m4 ,,lxxxiii4 ,& t !re are five circles 9 ! heav52 ( :i* ! fir/ is ! arctic circle1 :i* is always visible2 ! second is ! tropical summ] circle2 ! ?ird is ! equ9octial circle2 ! f\r?1 ! w9t] tropical circle2 & ! fif? ! ant>ctic1 :i* is n visible4 ,& !y are call$ p>allel1 because !y d n incl9e to "o ano!r2 !y are drawn h[ev] ar\nd ! same c5tre4 ,b ! zodiac is oblique1 cutt+ ! p>allel circles4 ,!re are also five zones on ! e>?2 ! fir/ is ! nor!rn "o1 plac$ "u ! arctic circle1 un9habitable by reason ( ! cold2 ! second is temp]ate2 ! ?ird is un9habitable because ( ! heat1 & is call$ ! torrid zone2 ! f\r? is a temp]ate zone1 on ! o!r side ( ! torrid zone2 ! fif? is ! s\!rn zone1 be+ also un9habitable by reason ( ! cold4#id ,,lxxxiv4 ,ano!r ( _! doctr9es is t nature is an artificial fire t5d+ by a regul> road to production1 :i* is a fi]y k9d ( brea? proce$+ accord+ to art4 ,also1 t ! s\l is s5sible1 & t x is a _s :i* is born ) u2 consequ5tly x is a body & cont9ues to exi/ aft] dea?2 t nev]!less x is p]i%able4 ,b t ! s\l ( ! univ]se is imp]i%able1 & t ! s\ls :i* exi/ 9 animals are only p>ts ( t ( ! univ]se4 ,b ,z5o1 ! ,cittian1 & ,antipat]1 9 _! treatise conc]n+ ! ,s\l1 & ,posidonius also1 all say t ! s\l is a w>m _s2 = t by x we h our brea?1 & by x we are mov$4 ,clean!s1 accord+ly1 ass]ts t all s\ls cont9ue to exi/ till !y are burnt up2 b ,*rysippus says t x is only ! s\ls ( ! wise t endure4 ,& !y fur!r tea* t !re are eight p>ts ( ! s\l2 ! five s5ses1 & ! g5]ative faculties1 & voice1 & reason4 ,& we see because ( a body ( lum9\s air :i* ext5ds f ! organ ( sight to ! object 9 a conical =m1 z x is ass]t$ by ,*rysippus1 9 ! second book ( 8 ,natural ,philosophy1 & also by ,apollodorus4 ,& ! apex ( ?is cone is close to ! eye1 & its base is =m$ by ! object :i* is se52 s t t :i* is se5 is z x 7 report$ to ! eye by ?is cont9u\s cone ( air ext5d$ t[>ds x l a /aff4 ,9 ! same way1 we he> because ! air betwe5 ! speak] & ! he>] is /ruck 9 a sph]ical mann]2 & is !n agitat$ 9 waves1 resembl+ ! circul> eddies :i* "o sees 9 a ci/]n :5 a /one is dropp$ into x4 ,sleep1 !y say1 is produc$ by a relaxation ( ! /hetic en]gies ) ref]5ce to ! dom9ant "p ( ! s\l4 ,& ! causes ( ! passions !y expla9 to be ! motions & conv]sions :i* take place 9 connection ) ?is _s or s\l4 ,,lxxxv4 ,se$1 !y def9e z a ?+ ( a nature capable ( produc+ o!r ?+s ( ! same nature z ! ?+ f :i* x has be5 sep>at$4 ,& ! se$ ( man1 :i* man emits1 is1 toge!r ) moi/ure1 mix$ up ) ! p>ts ( ! s\l by t k9d ( mixture :i* corresponds to ! capacity ( ! p>5ts4 ,& ,*rysippus says1 9 ! second book ( 8 ,natural ,philosophy1 t x is a _s accord+ to sub/ance2 z is manife/ f ! se$s :i* are plant$ 9 ! e>?2 & :i*1 if !y are old1 d n g]m9ate1 because all _! virtue has evaporat$4 ,& ,sphrus says1 t se$ proce$s f ! entire body1 & t t is h[ x is t x produces all ! p>ts ( ! body4 ,!y also say t ! se$ ( ! female is unproductive2 =1 z ,sphrus says1 x is devoid ( tone1 & small 9 quantity1 & wat]y4 ,,lxxxvi4 ,!y also say t t is ! dom9ant "p ( ! s\l :i* is its mo/ excell5t "p2 9 :i* ! imag9ations & ! desires are =m$1 & :5ce reason proce$s4 ,& ?is place is 9 ! he>t4 ,^! !n are ! doctr9es on ! subject ( natural philosophy ent]ta9$ by !m1 :i* x seems suffici5t = u to detail1 hav+ reg>d to ! due proportions ( ?is book4 ,& ! foll[+ are ! po9ts 9 :i* "s ( !m disagre$ ) ! re/4 ,,life ,,( ,,ari/on4 ,i4 ,ari/on ! ,bald1 a native ( ,*ios1 surnam$ ! ,sir51 said1 t ! *ief good 0 to live 9 p]fect indiff]5ce to all ^? ?+s :i* are ( an int]m$iate "* betwe5 virtue & vice2 mak+ n ! slighte/ diff]5ce betwe5 !m1 b reg>d+ !m all on a foot+ ( equality4 ,= t ! wise man resembles a good actor2 :o1 :e!r he is fill+ ! "p ( ,agamemnon or ,!rsites1 w p]=m !m bo? equally well4 ,,ii4 ,& he disc>d$ altoge!r ! topic ( physics1 & ( logic1 say+ t ! "o 0 above u1 & t ! o!r _h no?+ to d ) u2 & t ! only bran* ( philosophy ) :i* we _h any real conc]n 0 e?ics4 ,,iii4 ,he also said t dialectic reason+s 7 l cobwebs2 :i*1 al?\gh !y seem to be put toge!r on pr9ciples ( art1 are utt]ly useless4 ,,iv4 ,& he did n introduce _m virtues into 8 s*eme1 z ,z5o did2 nor "o virtue "u a great _m names1 z ! ,meg>ic philosoph]s did2 b def9$ virtue z consi/+ 9 behav+ 9 a c]ta9 mann] ) ref]5ce to a c]ta9 ?+4 ,v4 ,& z he philosophiz$ 9 ?is mann]1 & c>ri$ on 8 discussions 9 ! ,cynos>ges1 he got s mu* influ5ce z to be call$ a f\nd] ( a sect4 ,accord+ly1 ,miltiades1 & ,diphilus 7 call$ ,ari/oneans4 ,,vi4 ,he 0 a man ( v p]suasive eloqu5ce1 & "o :o c\ld adapt himself well to ! hum\rs ( a multitude4 ,on :i* acc\nt ,timon says ( him3-- ,& "o :o1 f ,ari/on's wily race1 ,trac$ 8 desc5t4 ,diocles1 ! ,magnesian1 tells u t ,ari/on hav+ fall5 9 ) ,polemo1 pass$ ov] to 8 s*ool1 at a "t :5 ,z5o 0 ly+ ill ) a long sickness4 ,! ,/oic doctr9e to :i* he 0 mo/ atta*$1 0 ! "o t ! wise man is nev] guid$ by op9ions4 ,b ,p]su argu$ aga9/ ?is1 & caus$ "o ( two tw9 bro!rs to place a deposit 9 8 h&s1 & !n caus$ ! o!r to reclaim x2 & ?us he convict$ him1 z he 0 9 d\bt on ?is po9t1 & !re=e =c$ to act on op9ion4 ,he 0 a great enemy ( ,arcesilaus4 ,& once1 see+ a bull ( a mon/r\s con=mation1 hav+ a womb1 he said1 8,alas6 "h is an argum5t = ,arcesilaus aga9/ ! evid5ce ( 8 s5ses40 ,on ano!r occasion1 :5 a philosoph] ( ! ,academy said t he did n compreh5d any?+1 he said to him1 8,d n y ev5 see ! man :o is sitt+ next to y80 ,& z he said t he did n1 he said3-- ,:o !n has bl9d$ y1 :o's be5 s h>%1 ,z ?us to rob y ( y\r beam+ eyes8 ,,vii4 ,! foll[+ works are attribut$ to him4 ,two books ( ,exhortatory ,disc\rses2 ,dialogues on ! ,doctr9es ( ,z5o2 six books ( ,conv]sations2 sev5 books ( ,discussions on ,wisdom2 ,conv]sations on ,love2 ,comm5t>ies on ,va9 ,glory2 tw5ty-five books ( ,rem9isc5ces2 ?ree books ( ,memorabilia2 elev5 books ( ,apoph!gms2 a volume aga9/ ! ,orators2 a volume aga9/ ! ,rescripts ( ,alex9us2 ?ree treatises aga9/ ! ,dialecticians2 f\r books ( ,lett]s to ,clean!s4 ,b ,pantius & ,sosicrates say1 t 8 only g5u9e writ+s are 8 lett]s2 & t all ! re/ are ! works ( ,ari/on ! ,p]ipatetic4 ,,viii4 ,x is said t he1 be+ bald1 got a /roke ( ! sun1 & s di$4 ,& we h writt5 a je/+ epigram on him 9 ,scazon iambics1 9 ! foll[+ t]ms3-- ,:y1 ,o ,ari/on1 be+ old & bald1 ,did y all[ ! sun to roa/ y\r cr[n8 ,?us1 9 an unbecom+ se>* = w>m?1 ,aga9/ y\r w1 y've f\nd out *illy ,hell4 ,,ix4 ,!re 0 also ano!r man ( ! "n ( ,ari/on2 a native ( ,julii1 "o ( ! ,p]ipatetic s*ool4 ,& ano!r :o 0 an ,a!nian musician4 ,a f\r? :o 0 a tragic poet4 ,a fif?1 a native ( ,ala1 :o wrote a treatise on ! ,oratorical ,art4 ,a six? 0 a p]ipatetic ,philosoph] ( ,alex&ria4 ,,life ,,( ,,h]illus ,i4 ,h]illus1 a native ( ,c>?age1 said t ! *ief good 0 k2 t is to say1 ! always conduct+ "o's self 9 su* a way z to ref] ev]y?+ to ! pr9ciple ( liv+ accord+ to k1 & n be5 misl$ by ignorance4 ,he also said t k 0 a habit n dep>t+ f reason 9 ! reception ( p]ceptions4 ,on "o occasion1 he said t !re 0 no su* ?+ z a *ief good1 b t circum/ances & ev5ts *ang$ x1 j z ! same piece ( brass might become a /atue ei!r ( ,alex&] or ( ,socrates4 ,& t besides ! *ief good or end 7#ie71 !re 0 a subord9ate end 77 diff]5t f x4 ,& t ^? :o 7 n wise aim$ at ! latt]2 b t only ! wise man direct$ 8 views to ! =m]4 ,& all ! ?+s betwe5 virtue & vice he pron\nc$ indiff]5t4 ,,ii4 ,8 books conta9 b few l9es1 b !y are full ( p[]1 & conta9 argum5ts 9 opposition to ,z5o4 ,,iii4 ,x is said1 t :5 he 0 a boy1 _m p 7 atta*$ to him2 & z ,z5o wi%$ to drive !m away1 he p]suad$ him to h 8 head %av$1 :i* disgu/$ !m all4 ,,iv4 ,8 books are ^!4 ,"o on ,ex]cise2 "o on ! ,passions2 "o on ,op9ion2 ! ,lawgiv]2 ! ,skilful ,midwife2 ! ,contradictory ,tea*]2 ! ,prep>]2 ! ,director2 ! ,m]cury2 ! ,m$ea2 a book ( ,dialogues2 a book ( ,e?ical ,propositions4 ,,life ,,( ,,dionysius ,i4 ,dionysius1 ! ,des]t]1 z he 0 call$1 ass]t$ t pleasure 0 ! *ief good1 f ! circum/ance ( 8 be+ afflict$ ) a compla9t 9 8 eyes4 ,=1 z he suff]$ sev]ely1 he c\ld n pron\nce pa9 a ?+ indiff]5t4 ,,ii4 ,he 0 ! son ( ,!ophantus1 & a native ( ,h]aclea4 ,,iii4 ,he 0 a pupil1 z we are told by ,diocles1 fir/ ( all ( ,h]aclides1 8 fell[ citiz52 aft] t ( ,alex9us1 & ,m5$emus2 & la/ ( all ( ,z5o4 ,& at fir/1 z he 0 v devot$ to le>n+1 he tri$ 8 h& at all k9ds ( poetry4 ,aft]w>ds1 he atta*$ himself to ,aratus1 :om he took = 8 model4 ,hav+ left ,z5o1 he turn$ to ! ,cyr5aics1 & became a frequ5t] ( bro!ls1 & 9 o!r respects indulg$ 9 luxury )\t disguise4 ,,iv4 ,:5 he _h liv$ ne> eighty ye>s1 he di$ ( />vation4 ,v4 ,! foll[+ books are attribut$ to him4 ,two books on ,apa?y2 two on ,ex]cise2 f\r on ,pleasure2 "o on ,ri*es1 & ,fav\rs1 & ,rev5ge2 "o on ! ,use ( ,m52 "o on ,good ,=tune2 "o on ,anci5t ,k+s2 "o on ,?+s :i* are ,prais$2 "o on ,b>b>ian ,cu/oms4 ,^! n[ are ! *ief m5 :o diff]$ f ! ,/oics4 ,b ! man :o succe$$ ,z5o 9 8 s*ool 0 ,clean!s1 :om we mu/ n[ speak (4 ,,life ,,( ,,clean!s ,i4 ,clean!s 0 a native ( ,assos1 & ! son ( ,phanias4 ,he 0 orig9ally a box]1 z we le>n f ,anti/h5es1 9 8 ,successions4 ,& he came to ,a!ns1 hav+ b f\r dra*mas1 z "s p say1 & atta*+ himself to ,z5o1 he devot$ himself to ,philosophy 9 a mo/ noble mann]2 & he adh]$ to ! same doctr9es z 8 ma/]4 ,,ii4 ,he 0 especially em95t = 8 indu/ry1 s t z he 0 a v poor man1 he 0 =c$ to und]take m]c5>y employm5ts1 & he us$ to draw wat] 9 ! g>d5s by night1 & by day he us$ to ex]cise himself 9 philosophical discussions2 on :i* acc\nt he 0 call$ ,phreantles4#if ,!y also say t he 0 on "o occasion br\ght be=e a c\rt ( ju/ice1 to be compell$ to give an acc\nt :at 8 s\rces ( income 7 f :i* he ma9ta9$ himself 9 su* good condition2 & t !n he 0 acquitt$1 hav+ produc$ z 8 witness ! g>d5] 9 ^: g>d5 he drew ! wat]2 & a woman :o 0 a mealsell]1 9 ^: e/abli%m5t he us$ to prep>e ! meal4 ,& ! judges ( ! ,areopagus admir$ him1 & vot$ t t5 m9 %\ld be giv5 to him2 b ,z5o =bade him to accept !m4 ,!y also say t ,antigonus pres5t$ him ?ree ?\s& dra*mas4 ,& once1 :5 he 0 conduct+ "s "y m5 to "s spectacle1 x happ5$ t ! w9d blew away 8 cloak1 & x 0 !n se5 t he _h no?+ on "u x2 on :i* he 0 greatly applaud$ by ! ,a!nians1 accord+ to ! acc\nt giv5 by ,demetrius1 ! ,magnesian1 9 8 essay on ,p ( ! same ,"n4 ,& he 0 greatly admir$ by !m on acc\nt ( ?is circum/ance4 ,!y also say t ,antigonus1 :o 0 a pupil ( 81 once ask$ him :y he drew wat]2 & t he made answ]1 8,d ,i d no?+ beyond draw+ wat]8 ,d ,i n also dig1 & d ,i n wat] ! l&1 & d all sorts ( ?+s = ! sake ( philosophy80 ,= ,z5o us$ to accu/om him to ?is1 & us$ to require him to br+ him an obol by way ( tribute4#ig ,& once he br\ght "o ( ! pieces ( money :i* he _h collect$ 9 ?is way1 into ! middle ( a company ( 8 acqua9tances1 & said1 8,clean!s c\ld ma9ta9 ev5 ano!r ,clean!s if he 7 to *oose2 b o!rs :o h pl5ty ( means to support !mselves1 seek = necess>ies f o!rs2 al?\gh !y only /udy philosophy 9 a v lazy mann]40 ,&1 9 ref]5ce to ^! habits ( 81 ,clean!s 0 call$ a second ,h]acles4 ,,iii4 ,he 0 !n v indu/ri\s2 b he 0 n well end[$ by nature1 & 0 v sl[ 9 8 intellect4 ,on :i* acc\nt ,timon says ( him3-- ,:at /ately ram ?us measures o'er ! gr\nd1 ,& ma/] ( ! flock surveys !m r\nd8 ,:at citiz5 ( ,assos1 dull & cold1 ,fond ( long words1 a m\?-piece1 b n bold4#ih ,& :5 he 0 ridicul$ by 8 fell[ pupils1 he us$ to be> x pati5tly4 ,,iv4 ,he did n ev5 object to ! "n :5 he 0 call$ an ass2 b only said t he 0 ! only animal able to be> ! burd5s :i* ,z5o put ^u him4 ,& once1 :5 he 0 reproa*$ z a c[>d1 he said1 8,t is ! reason :y ,i make b few mi/akes40 ,he us$ to say1 9 ju/ification ( 8 pref]5ce ( 8 own way ( life to t ( ! ri*1 8,t :ile !y 7 play+ at ball1 he 0 e>n+ money by digg+ h>d & b>r5 gr\nd40 ,& he v (t5 us$ to blame himself4 ,& once1 ,ari/on he>d him do+ s1 & said1 8,:o is x t y are reproa*+80 & he repli$1 8,an old man :o has grey hair1 b no bra9s40 ,:5 "s "o once said to him1 t ,arcesilaus did n d :at he ought1 8,desi/10 he repli$1 8& d n blame him2 =1 if he de/roys duty z f> z 8 words g1 at all ev5ts he e/abli%es x by 8 actions40 ,arcesilaus once said to him1 8,i nev] li/5 to flatt]]s40 8,yes10 rejo9$ ,clean!s1 8,i flatt] y1 :5 ,i say t ?\gh y say "o ?+1 y d ano!r40 ,:5 "s "o once ask$ him :at lesson he ought to inculcate on 8 son1 he repli$1 8,! w>n+ ( ,electra30-- ,sil5ce1 sil5ce1 g5tly /ep4#ii ,:5 a ,lac$monian once said 9 8 he>+1 t lab\r 0 a good ?+1 he 0 delight$1 & address$ him3-- ,oh1 e>ly wor?1 a s\l s wise & "y ,proclaims y f ! sage ,lycurgus sprung4#ajj ,hecaton tells u 9 8 ,apoph!gms1 t once :5 a "y man said1 8,if a man :o beats 8 /oma* !n a man :o slaps 8 ?igh 10 he repli$1 8,d y /ick to y\r 40 ,b analog\s words d n always indicate analog\s facts4 ,once :5 he 0 conv]s+ ) a y\?1 he ask$ him if he felt2 & z he said t he did1 8,:y is x !n10 said ,clean!s1 8t ,i d n feel t y feel80 ,:5 ,sosi!us1 ! poet1 said 9 ! !atre :]e he 0 pres5t3-- ,m5 :om ! folly ( ,clean!s urges2 ,he cont9u$ 9 ! same attitude2 at :i* ! he>]s 7 surpris$1 & applaud$ him1 b drove ,sosi!us away4 ,& :5 he express$ 8 sorr[ = hav+ abus$ him 9 ?is mann]1 he answ]$ him g5tly1 say+1 8,t x w\ld be a prepo/]\s ?+ = ,bac*us & ,h]cules to be> be+ ridicul$ by ! poets )\t any expression ( ang]1 & = him to be indignant at any *ance attack40 ,he us$ also to say1 8,t ! ,p]ipatetics 7 9 ! same condition z lyres1 :i* ?\gh !y utt] sweet notes1 d n he> !mselves40 ,& x is said1 t :5 he ass]t$ t1 on ! pr9ciples ( ,z5o1 "o c\ld judge ( a man's "* by 8 looks1 "s witty "y m5 br\ght him a pr(ligate fell[1 hav+ a h>dy look f cont9ual ex]cise 9 ! fields1 & reque/$ him to tell !m 8 moral "*2 & he1 hav+ hesitat$ a little1 bade ! man dep>t2 &1 z he dep>t$1 he sneez$1 8,i h ! fell[ n[10 said ,clean!s1 8he is a debau*ee40 ,he said once to a man :o 0 conv]s+ ) him by himself1 8,y are n talk+ to a bad man40 ,& :5 "s "o reproa*$ him ) 8 old age1 he rejo9$1 8,i too wi% to dep>t1 b :5 ,i p]ceive myself to be 9 good heal? 9 e respect1 & to be able to recite & read1 ,i am cont5t to rema940 ,!y say too1 t he us$ to write d[n all t he he>d f ,z5o on oy/] %ells1 & on ! %\ld]-blades ( ox51 f want ( money to buy pap] )4 ,v4 ,& ?\gh he 0 ( ?is "*1 & 9 su* circum/ances1 he became s em95t1 t1 ?\gh ,z5o _h _m o!r disciples ( high reputation1 he succe$$ him z ! presid5t ( 8 ,s*ool4 ,,vi4 ,& he left beh9d him "s excell5t books1 :i* are ^!4 ,"o on ,"t2 two on ,z5o's ,sy/em ( ,natural ,philosophy2 f\r books ( ! ,explanations ( ,h]aclitus2 "o on ,s5sation2 "o on ,art2 "o address$ to ,democritus2 "o to ,ari/>*us2 "o to ,h]illus2 two on ,desire2 "o entitl$ ,ar*ology2 "o on ! ,gods2 "o on ! ,giants2 "o on ,m>riage2 "o on ,poets2 ?ree on ,duty2 "o on ,good ,c\nsel2 "o on ,fav\r2 "o call$ ,exhortatory2 "o on ,virtues2 "o on ,natural ,ability2 "o on ,gorgippus2 "o on ,envi\sness2 "o on ,love2 "o on ,fre$om2 "o call$ ! ,art ( ,love2 "o on ,hon\r2 "o on ,glory2 ,! ,/atesman2 "o on ,c\nsel2 "o on ,laws2 "o on ,decid+ z a ,judge2 "o on ! ,way ( ,life2 ?ree on ,reason2 "o on ! ,*ief ,good2 "o on ! ,beautiful2 "o on ,actions2 "o on ,k2 "o on ,k+ly ,p[]2 "o on ,fri5d%ip2 "o on ,banquets2 "o on ! ,pr9ciple t ,virtue is ! same 9 ,man & ,woman2 "o on ! ,wise ,man ,employ+ ,sophisms2 "o on ,apoph!gms2 two books ( ,conv]sations2 "o on ,pleasure2 "o on ,prop]ties2 "o on ,d\btful ,?+s2 "o on ,dialectics2 "o on ,modes2 "o on ,categorems4 ,,vii4 ,^! are 8 writ+s4 ,& he di$ 9 ! foll[+ mann]4 ,8 gums swell$ v mu*2 &1 at ! comm& ( 8 physicians1 he ab/a9$ f food = two days4 ,& he got s well t 8 physicians all[$ him to return to all 8 =m] habits2 b he refus$1 & say+ t he _h n[ already gone "p ( ! way1 he ab/a9$ f food = ! future1 & s di$2 be+1 z "s report1 eighty ye>s old1 & hav+ be5 a pupil ( ,z5o n9ete5 ye>s4 ,& we h writt5 a playful epigram on him also1 :i* runs ?us3-- ,i praise ,clean!s1 b praise ,pluto m2 ,:o c\ld n be> to see him gr[n s old1 ,s gave him re/ at la/ among ! dead1 ,:o'd drawn su* loads ( wat] :ile alive4 ,,life ,,( ,,sph,,rus4 ,i4 ,sphrus1 a native ( ! ,bosphorus1 01 z we h said be=e1 a pupil ( ,clean!s aft] ! dea? ( ,z5o4 ,,ii4 ,& :5 he made a consid]able advance 9 philosophy he w5t to ,alex&ria1 to ! c\rt ( ,ptolemy ,philopat]4 ,& once1 :5 !re 0 a discussion conc]n+ ! "q :e!r a wise man w\ld all[ himself to be guid$ by op9ion1 & :5 ,sphrus affirm$ t he w\ld n1 ! k+1 wi%+ to refute him1 ord]$ "s pomegranates ( wax to be set be=e him2 & :5 ,sphrus 0 deceiv$ by !m1 ! k+ %\t$ t he _h giv5 8 ass5t to a false p]ception4 ,b ,sphrus answ]$ v neatly1 t he _h n giv5 8 ass5t to ! fact t !y 7 pomegranates1 b to ! fact t x 0 probable t !y might be pomegranates4 ,& t a p]ception :i* c\ld be compreh5d$ diff]$ f "o t 0 only probable4 ,once1 :5 ,mnesi/ratus accus$ him ( d5y+ t ,ptolemy 0 a k+1 he said to him1 8,t ,ptolemy 0 a man ) su* & su* qualities1 & a k+40#aja ,,iii4 ,he wrote ! foll[+ books4 ,two on ! ,_w2 "o on ! ,elem5ts ( ,se$2 "o on ,=tune2 "o on ! ,smalle/ ,?+s2 "o on ,atoms & ,phantoms2 "o on ! ,s5ses2 five ,conv]sations ab\t ,h]aclitus2 "o on ,e?ical ,arrangem5t2 "o on ,duty2 "o on ,appetite2 two on ! ,passions2 "o on ,k+ly ,p[]2 on ! ,lac$monian ,con/itution2 ?ree on ,lycurgus & ,socrates2 "o on ,law2 "o on ,div9ation2 "o volume ( ,dialogues on ,love2 "o on ! ,eretrian ,philosoph]s2 "o on ,?+s ,simil>2 "o on ,t]ms2 "o on ,habits2 ?ree on ,contradictions2 "o on ,reason2 "o on ,ri*es2 "o on ,glory2 "o on ,dea?2 two on ! ,art ( ,dialectics2 "o on ,categorems2 "o on ,ambiguity2 & a volume ( ,lett]s4 ,,life ,,( ,,*rysippus4 ,i4 ,*rysippus 0 ! son ( ,apollonius1 & a native ( ei!r ,soli or ,t>sus1 z ,alex&] tells u 9 8 ,successions2 & he 0 a pupil ( ,clean!s4 ,previ\sly he us$ to practise runn+ z a public runn]2 !n he became a pupil ( ,z5o or ( ,clean!s1 z ,diocles & ! g5]ality ( au?ors say1 & :ile he 0 /ill liv+ he ab&on$ him1 & became a v em95t philosoph]4 ,,ii4 ,he 0 a man ( great natural ability1 & ( great acut5ess 9 e way1 s t 9 _m po9ts he diss5t$ f ,z5o1 & also f ,clean!s1 to :om he (t5 us$ to say t he only want$ to be in/ruct$ 9 ! dogmas ( ! s*ool1 & t he w\ld discov] ! demon/rations = himself4 ,b :5ev] he oppos$ him ) any vehem5ce1 he always rep5t$1 s t he us$ frequ5tly to say3-- ,9 mo/ respects ,i am a happy man1 ,except+ :]e ,clean!s is conc]n$2 ,= 9 t matt] ,i am f> f =tunate4 ,& he _h su* a high reputation z a dialectician1 t mo/ p ?\ght t if !re 7 su* a sci5ce z dialectics among ! ,gods2 x w\ld be 9 no respect diff]5t f t ( ,*rysippus4 ,b ?\gh he 0 s em95tly able 9 matt]1 he 0 n p]fect 9 /yle4 ,,iii4 ,he 0 indu/ri\s beyond all o!r m52 z is pla9 f 8 writ+s2 = he wrote m ?an sev5 hundr$ & five books4 ,& he (t5 wrote sev]al books on ! same subject1 wi%+ to put d[n ev]y?+ t occurr$ to him2 & con/antly correct+ 8 previ\s ass]tions1 & us+ a great abundance ( te/imonies4 ,s t1 z 9 "o ( 8 writ+s he _h quot$ v ne>ly ! :ole ( ! ,m$ea ( ,euripides1 & "s "o _h 8 book 9 8 h&s2 ?is latt]1 :5 he 0 ask$ :at he _h got !re1 made answ]1 8,! ,m$ea ( ,*rysippus40 ,& ,apollodorus1 ! ,a!nian1 9 8 ,collection ( ,dogmas1 wi%+ to ass]t t :at ,epicurus _h writt5 out ( 8 own head1 & )\t any quotations to support 8 argum5ts1 0 a great deal m ?an all ! books ( ,*rysippus1 speaks ?us 7,i give 8 exact words71 8,= if any "o 7 to take away f ! books ( ,*rysippus all ! passages :i* he quotes f o!r au?ors1 8 pap] w\ld be left empty40 ,^! are ! words ( ,apollodorus2 b ! old woman :o liv$ ) him1 z ,diocles reports1 us$ to say t he wrote five hundr$ l9es e day4 ,& ,hecaton says1 t he fir/ appli$ himself to philosophy1 :5 8 patrimony _h be5 confiscat$1 & seiz$ = ! royal treasury4 ,,iv4 ,he 0 slight 9 p]son1 z is pla9 f 8 /atue :i* is 9 ! ,c]amicus1 :i* is ne>ly hidd5 by ! eque/rian /atue ne> x2 9 ref]5ce to :i* circum/ance1 ,c>neades call$ him ,crypsippus4#ajb ,he 0 once reproa*$ by "s "o = n att5d+ ! lectures ( ,ari/on1 :o 0 draw+ a great cr[d aft] him at ! "t2 & he repli$1 8,if ,i _h att5d$ to ! multitude ,i %\ld n h be5 a philosoph]40 ,& once1 :5 he saw a dialectician press+ h>d on ,clean!s1 & propos+ sophi/ical fallacies to him1 he said1 8,cease to drag t old man f m important bus9ess1 & propose ^! que/ions to u :o are "y40 ,at ano!r "t1 :5 "s "o wi%+ to ask him some?+ privately1 0 address+ him quietly1 b :5 he saw a multitude approa*+ began to speak m en]getically he said to him3-- ,alas1 my bro!r6 n[ y\r eye is tr\bl$2 ,y 7 q sane j n[2 & yet h[ quickly ,h y succumb$ to fr5zy4#ajc ,& at dr9k+ p>ties he us$ to behave quietly1 mov+ 8 legs ab\t h[ev]1 s t a female slave once said1 8,x is only ! legs ( ,*rysippus t are drunk40 ,& he _h s high an op9ion ( himself1 t once1 :5 a man ask$ him1 8,to :om %all ,i entru/ my son80 he said1 8,to me1 = if ,i ?\ght t !re 0 any "o bett] ?an myself1 ,i w\ld h gone to him to tea* me philosophy40 ,9 ref]5ce to :i* anecdote !y report t p us$ to say ( him3-- ,he has inde$ a cle> & subtle head1 ,! re/ are =ms ( empty !r made4#ajd ,& also3-- ,= if ,*rysippus _h n liv$ & taught1 ,! ,/oic s*ool w\ld surely h be5 n\ght4 ,,vi4 ,b at la/1 :5 ,arcesilaus & ,lacydes1 z ,sotion records 9 8 eigh? book1 came to ! ,academy1 he jo9$ !m 9 ! /udy ( philosophy2 f :i* circum/ance he got ! habit ( argu+ = & aga9/ a cu/om1 & discuss$ magnitudes & quantities1 foll[+ ! sy/em ( ! ,academics4 ,,vii4 ,h]mippus relates1 t "o day1 :5 he 0 tea*+ 9 ! ,odeum1 he 0 invit$ to a sacrifice by 8 pupils2 &1 t dr9k+ "s sweet unmix$ w9e1 he 0 seiz$ ) gidd9ess1 & dep>t$ ?is life five days aft]w>ds1 :5 he _h liv$ sev5ty-?ree ye>s2 dy+ 9 ! hundr$ & =ty-?ird olympiad1 z ,apollodorus says 9 8 ,*ronicles4 ,& we h writt5 an epigram on him3-- ,*rysippus drank ) op5 m\? "s w9e ,!n became giddy1 & s quickly di$4 ,too little reck'd he ( ! ,por*'s weal1 ,or ( 8 c\ntry's1 or ( 8 own de> life2 ,& s desc5d$ to ! realms ( ,hell4 ,b "s p say t he di$ ( a fit ( immod]ate laught]4 ,= t see+ 8 ass eat+ figs1 he told 8 old woman to give ! ass "s unmix$ w9e to dr9k aft]w>ds1 & !n laugh$ s viol5tly t he di$4 ,,viii4 ,he appe>s to h be5 a man ( exce$+ arrogance4 ,accord+ly1 ?\gh he wrote su* numb]s ( books1 he nev] d$icat$ "o ( !m to any sov]eign4 ,& he 0 cont5t$ ) "o s+le old woman1 z ,demetrius tells u1 9 8 ,p ( ! same ,"n4 ,& :5 ,ptolemy wrote to ,clean!s1 begg+ him ei!r to come to him himself or to s5d him "s "o1 ,sphrus w5t to him1 b ,*rysippus slight$ ! invitation4 ,,ix4 ,h[ev]1 he s5t = ! sons ( 8 si/]1 ,ari/ocreon & ,philocrates1 & educat$ !m2 & he 0 ! fir/ p]son :o v5tur$ to hold a s*ool 9 ! op5 air 9 ! ,lyceum1 z ! be=e m5tion$ ,demetrius relates4 ,x4 ,!re 0 also ano!r ,*rysippus1 a native ( ,cnidos1 a physician1 f :om ,erasi/ratus te/ifies t he receiv$ great b5efit4 ,& ano!r also :o 0 a son ( 81 & ! physician ( ,ptolemy2 :o1 hav+ _h a false accusation br\ght aga9/ him1 0 appreh5d$ & puni%$ by be+ sc\rg$4 ,!re 0 also a f\r? :o 0 a pupil ( ,erasi/ratus2 & a fif? 0 an au?or ( a "w call$ ,georgics4 ,,xi4 ,n[ ?is philosoph] us$ to delight 9 propos+ que/ions ( ?is sort4 ,! p]son :o reveals ! my/]ies to ! un9itiat$ commits a s92 ! hi]ophant reveals !m to ! un9itiat$2 !re=e ! hi]ophant commits s98 ,ano!r 01 t :i* is n 9 ! city1 is also n 9 ! h\se2 b a well is n 9 ! city1 !re=e1 !re is n a well 9 ! h\se4 ,ano!r 01 !re is a c]ta9 head2 t head y h n got2 !re is !n a head t y h n got2 !re=e1 y h n got a head4 ,aga91 if a man is 9 ,meg>a1 he is n 9 ,a!ns2 b !re is a man 9 ,meg>a1 !re=e1 !re is n a man 9 ,a!ns4 ,aga91 if y say any?+1 :at y say comes out ( y\r m\?2 b y say 8a waggon10 !re=e a waggon comes out ( y\r m\?4 ,ano!r 01 if y h n lo/ a ?+1 y h x2 b y h n lo/ horns2 !re=e1 y h horns4 ,?\gh "s attribute ?is sophism to ,eubulides4 ,,xii4 ,!re are p :o run ,*rysippus d[n z hav+ writt5 a great deal t is v %ameful & indec5t4 ,= 9 8 treatise on ! ,anci5t ,natural ,hi/orians1 he relates ! /ory ( ,jupit] & ,juno v indec5tly1 devot+ six hundr$ l9es to :at no "o c\ld repeat )\t pollut+ 8 m\?4 ,=1 z x is said1 he composes ?is /ory1 ?\gh he praises x z consi/+ ( natural details1 9 a way m suitable to /reet walk]s ?an to ,goddesses2 & n at all resembl+ ! ideas :i* h be5 adopt$ or cit$ by writ]s 9 pa9t+s4 ,= !y 7 f\nd nei!r 9 ,polemo1 nor 9 ,hypsicrates1 nor 9 ,antigonus1 b 7 ins]t$ by himself4 ,& 9 8 treatise on ,polity1 he all[s p to m>ry _! mo!rs1 or _! daught]s1 or _! sons4 ,& he repeats ?is doctr9e 9 8 treatise on ^? ?+s :i* are n desirable = _! own sake1 9 ! v op5+ ( x4 ,& 9 ! ?ird book ( 8 treatise on ,ju/ice1 he devotes a ?\s& l9es to bidd+ p dev\r ev5 ! dead4 ,9 ! second book ( 8 treatise on ,life & ,means ( ,support1 :]e he is w>n+ u to consid] be=eh&1 h[ ! wise man ought to provide himself ) means1 he says1 8,& yet :y ne$ he provide himself ) means8 = if x is = ! sake ( liv+1 liv+ at all is a matt] ( indiff]5ce2 if x is = ! sake ( pleasure1 t is a matt] ( indiff]5ce too2 if x is = ! sake ( virtue1 t is ( itself suffici5t = happ9ess4 ,b ! me?ods ( provid+ "o's self ) means are ridicul\s2 = in/ance1 "s d]ive !m f a k+2 & !n x w be necess>y to hum\r him4 ,"s f fri5d%ip2 & !n fri5d%ip w become a ?+ to be b\ght ) a price4 ,"s f wisdom2 & !n wisdom w become m]c5>y2 & ^! are ! accusations :i* he br+s40 ,b s9ce he has writt5 _m books ( high reputation1 x has seem$ good to me to give a catalogue ( !m1 classify+ !m accord+ to _! subjects4 ,!y are ! foll[+3-- ,books on ,logic2 ,propositions2 ,logical ,que/ions2 a book ( ! ,contemplations ( ! ,philosoph]2 six books ( ,dialectic ,t]ms address$ to ,metrodorus2 "o on ! ,te*nical ,t]ms us$ 9 ,dialectics1 address$ to ,z5o2 "o call$ ! ,art ( ,dialectics1 address$ to ,ari/agoras2 f\r books ( ,probable ,conjunctive ,reasons1 address$ to ,dioscorides4 ,! fir/ set ( treatises on ! ,logical ,topics1 :i* conc]n ?+s1 conta9s3 "o essay on ,propositions2 "o on ^? ,propositions :i* are n simple2 two on ! ,copulative ,propositions1 address$ to ,a!nades2 ?ree on ,positive ,propositions1 address$ to ,ari/agoras2 "o on ,def9ite ,propositions1 address$ to ,a!nodorus2 "o on ,privative ,propositions1 address$ to ,!>us2 ?ree on ! ,be/ ,propositions1 address$ to ,dion2 f\r on ! ,diff]5ces betwe5 ,indef9ite ,propositions2 two on ^? ,propositions :i* are enunciat$ ) a ref]5ce to "t2 two on ,p]fect ,propositions4 ,! second set conta9s1 "o essay on a ,disjunctive ,true ,propositions1 address$ to ,gorgippides2 f\r on a ,conjunctive ,true ,proposition1 also address$ to ,gorgippides2 "o call$1 ! ,sect1 address$ to ,gorgippides2 "o on ! argum5t ( ,consequ5ts2 "o on que/ions t\*$ ^u 9 ! ?ree prec$+ treatises1 & n[ re-exam9$1 ?is also is address$ to ,gorgippides2 "o on :at is ,possible1 address$ to ,clitus2 "o on ! treatise ( ,philo1 on ,signification2 "o on :at x is t ,falsehood consi/s 94 ,! ?ird set conta9s1 two treatises on ,imp]ative ,propositions2 two on ,int]rogation2 f\r on ,exam9ation2 an epitome ( ! subject ( ,int]rogation & ,exam9ation2 f\r treatises on ,answ]2 an abridgm5t on ,answ]2 two essays on ,inve/igation4 ,! f\r? set conta9s t5 books on ,categorems1 address$ to ,metrodorus2 "o treatise on :at is ,direct & ,indirect1 address$ to ,phil>*us2 "o on ,conjunctions1 address$ to ,apollonides2 f\r on ,categorems1 address$ to ,pasylus4 ,! fif? set conta9s1 "o treatise on ! ,five ,cases2 "o on ,?+s def9$ accord+ to ! ,subject2 two on ,enunciation1 address$ to ,/esagoras2 two on ,appellative ,n\ns4 ,! next class ( 8 writ+s ref]s to rules ( ,logic1 ) ref]5ce to words1 & spee* :i* consi/s ( words4 ,! fir/ set ( ^! conta9s1 six treatises on ,s+ul> & ,plural ,enunciations2 five on ,words1 address$ to ,sosig5es & ,alex&]2 f\r on ! ,inequality ( ,words1 address$ to ,dion2 ?ree on ! ,sorites :i* ref] to ,words2 "o on ,solecisms 9 ! ,use ( ,words1 address$ to ,dionysius2 "o entitl$ ,disc\rses1 contr>y to ,cu/oms2 "o entitl$ ,diction1 & address$ to ,dionysius4 ,! second set conta9s1 five treatises on ! ,elem5ts ( ,spee* & ( ,phrases2 f\r on ! ,arrangem5t ( ,phrases2 ?ree on ! ,arrangem5t1 & on ! ,elem5ts ( ,phrases1 address$ to ,philip2 "o on ! ,elem5ts ( ,disc\rse1 address$ to ,nicias2 "o on ,correlatives4 ,! ?ird set conta9s1 two treatises aga9/ ^? :o d n admit ,division2 f\r on ,ambigu\s ,expressions1 address$ to ,apollos2 "o1 ,ambiguity 9 ,modes2 two on ! ,ambigu\s ,use ( ,figures1 9 ,conjunctive ,propositions2 two on ! essay on ,ambigu\s ,expressions1 by ,pan?oides2 five on ! ,introduction to ! ,ambigu\s ,expressions2 "o1 be+ an abridgm5t ( ! ,ambigu\s ,expressions1 address$ to ,epicrates2 & a collection ( in/ances to s]ve z an ,introduction to ! ,ambigu\s ,expressions1 9 two books4 ,! next class is on ! subject ( t "p ( logic :i* is conv]sant ab\t reason+s & modes4 ,! fir/ set ( works 9 ?is class1 conta9s1 ! ,art ( ,reason+ & ( ,modes1 9 five books1 address$ to ,dioscorides2 a treatise on ,reason+1 9 ?ree books2 "o on ! ,/ructure ( ,modes1 address$ to ,/esagoras1 9 five books2 a comp>ison ( ! ,elem5ts ( ,modes2 a treatise on ,reciprocal & ,conjunctive ,reason+s2 an essay to ,aga?on1 call$ also an essay on ,problems1 :i* foll[ "o ano!r2 a treatise1 prov+ t ,syllogi/ic ,propositions suppose "o or m o!r t]ms2 "o on ,conclusions1 address$ to ,ari/agoras2 "o essay1 prov+ t ! same reason+ c affect sev]al figures2 "o aga9/ ^? :o d5y t ! same reason+ c be express$ by syllogism1 & )\t syllogism1 9 two books2 ?ree treatises aga9/ ^? :o attack ! resolution ( ,syllogisms2 "o on ! treatise on ,modes1 by ,philo1 address$ to ,timo/ratus2 two treatises on ,logic1 9 "o volume1 address$ to ,timocrates & ,philoma!s2 "o volume ( que/ions on ,reason+s & ,modes4 ,! second set conta9s1 "o book ( ,conclusive ,reason+s1 address$ to ,z5o2 "o on ,prim>y ,syllogisms1 :i* are n demon/rative2 "o on ! resolution ( ,syllogisms2 "o1 9 two books1 on ,capti\s ,reason+s1 address$ to ,pasylus2 "o book ( ,consid]ations on ,syllogisms2 "o book ( ,introductory ,syllogisms1 address$ to ,z5o2 ?ree ( ,introductory ,modes1 address$ also to ,z5o2 five ( ,false ,figures ( ,syllogism2 "o ( a ,syllogi/ic ,me?od1 = ! resolution ( argum5ts1 :i* are n demon/rative2 "o ( ,rese>*es into ! ,modes1 address$ to ,z5o & ,philoma!s 7b ?is appe>s to be an errone\s title74 ,! ?ird set conta9s1 "o essay on ,incid5tal ,reason+s1 address$ to ,a!nades 7?is aga9 is an incorrect title72 ?ree books ( ,incid5tal ,disc\rses on ! ,m$ium 7ano!r incorrect title72 "o essay on ! ,disjunctive ,reasons ( ,am9ias4 ,! f\r? set conta9s1 a treatise on ,hypo!sis1 9 ?ree books1 address$ to ,meleag]2 a book ( hypo!tical reason+s on ! ,laws1 address$ also to ,meleag]2 two books ( hypo!tical reason+ to s]ve z an ,introduction2 two books ( hypo!tical reason+s on ,!orems2 a treatise 9 two books1 be+ a resolution ( ! ,hypo!tical ,reason+s ( ,h$ylus2 an essay1 9 ?ree books1 be+ a resolution ( ! ,hypo!tical ,reason+s ( ,alex&] 7?is is an incorrect title72 two books ( ,expositions1 address$ to ,leodamas4 ,! fif? set conta9s1 an introduction to ,fallacy1 address$ to ,ari/ocreon2 an introduction to ,false ,reason+s2 a treatise 9 six books1 on ,fallacy1 address$ to ,ari/ocreon4 ,! six? set conta9s1 a treatise aga9/ ^? :o believe ,tru? & ,falsehood to be ! same ?+4 ,"o1 9 two books1 aga9/ ^? :o h rec\rse to division to resolve ! ,fallacy1 address$ to ,ari/ocreon2 a demon/rative essay1 to prove t x is n prop] to divide indef9ite t]ms2 an essay1 9 ?ree books1 9 answ] to ! objections aga9/ ! non-division ( ,indef9ite ,t]ms1 address$ to ,pasylus2 a solution1 accord+ to ! pr9ciples ( ! anci5ts1 address$ to ,dioscorides2 an essay on ! ,resolution ( ! ,fallacy1 address$ to ,ari/ocreon1 ?is is 9 ?ree books2 a resolution ( ! ,hypo!tical ,argum5ts ( ,h$ylus1 9 "o book1 address$ to ,ari/ocreon & ,apollos4 ,! sev5? set conta9s1 a treatise aga9/ ^? :o cont5d t ! premisses on ! ,fallacy1 are false2 a treatise on ,negative ,reason+1 address$ to ,ari/ocreon1 9 two books2 "o book ( ,negative ,reason+s1 address$ to ,gymnasias2 two books ( a treatise on ,reason+ by ,progression1 address$ to ,/esagoras2 two books ( ,reason+s by ,int]rogation1 & on ! ,arre/1#aje address$ to ,onetor2 an essay1 9 two books1 on ! ,correct$ ,argum5t1 address$ to ,ari/obulus2 ano!r on ! ,non-app>5t ,argum5t1 address$ to ,a!nades4 ,! eigh? set conta9s1 an essay on ! ,argum5t ,outis1 9 eight books1 address$ to ,m5ecrates2 a treatise1 9 two books1 on ,argum5ts compos$ ( a f9ite t]m1 & an indef9ite t]m1 address$ to ,pasylus2 ano!r essay on ! ,argum5t ,outis1 address$ to ,epicrates4 ,! n9? set conta9s1 two volumes ( ,sophisms1 address$ to ,h]aclides1 & ,pollis2 five volumes ( ,dialectic ,argum5ts1 :i* admit ( no solution1 address$ to ,dioscorides2 an essay1 9 "o book1 aga9/ ! ,me?od ( ,arcesilaus1 address$ to ,sphrus4 ,! t5? set conta9s1 a treatise 9 six books1 aga9/ ,cu/om1 address$ to ,metrodorus2 & ano!r1 9 sev5 books1 on ,cu/om1 address$ to ,gorgippides4 ,!re are1 !re=e1 works on ,logic1 9 ! f\r gr& classes :i* we h "h enum]at$1 embrac+ v>i\s que/ions1 )\t any connection ) "o ano!r1 to ! numb] ( ?irty n9e sets1 am\nt+ 9 ! :ole to ?ree hundr$ & elev5 treatises on ,logic4 ,! next division comprises ^? works :i* h = _! object1 ! explanation ( ,moral ,ideas4 ,! fir/ class ( ?is division1 conta9s an essay1 giv+ a description ( ,reason1 address$ to ,!osphorus2 a book ( ,e?ical que/ions2 ?ree books ( ,pr9ciples1 to s]ve z ! f\ndation ( ,dogmas1 address$ to ,philoma!s2 two books ( def9itions ( ,good-bre$+1 address$ to ,metrodorus2 two books ( def9itions ( ! ,bad1 address$ to ,metrodorus2 two books ( def9itions ( ,neutral ,?+s1 address$ also to ,metrodorus2 sev5 books ( def9itions ( ,?+s1 accord+ to _! g5]a1 address$ to ,metrodorus2 & two books ( ,def9itions1 accord+ to o!r sy/ems1 address$ to ,metrodorus4 ,! second set conta9s1 a treatise on ,?+s ,simil>1 9 ?ree books1 address$ to ,ari/ocles2 an essay on ,def9itions1 9 sev5 books1 address$ to ,metrodorus4 ,! ?ird set conta9s1 a treatise1 9 sev5 books1 on ! ,incorrect ,objections made to ,def9itions1 address$ to ,laodamas2 two books ( ,probable ,argum5ts be>+ on ,def9itions1 address$ to ,dioscorides2 two books on ,species & ,g5us1 address$ to ,gorgippides2 "o book on ,divisions2 two books on ,contr>ies1 address$ to ,dionysius2 a book ( ,probable ,argum5ts relat+ to ,divisions1 & ,g5]a1 & ,species2 a book on ,contr>ies4 ,! f\r? set conta9s1 a treatise1 9 sev5 books1 on ,etymologies1 address$ to ,diocles2 ano!r1 9 f\r books1 on ! same subject1 address$ to ! same p]son4 ,! fif? set conta9s1 a treatise 9 two books1 on ,prov]bs1 address$ to ,z5odotus2 an essay on ,poems1 address$ to ,philoma!s2 an essay1 on ,h[ "o ,ought to ,li/5 to ,poems1 9 two books2 an essay1 9 reply to ,critics1 address$ to ,diodorus4 ,! next division ref]s to ,e?ics1 look$ at 9 a g5]al po9t ( view1 & to ! diff]5t sy/ems aris+ out ( !m1 & to ! ,virtues4 ,! fir/ set conta9s1 an essay aga9/ ,pictures1 address$ to ,timonax2 an essay on ! ,mann] 9 :i* we express ourselves ab\t1 & =m our ,conceptions (1 ea* sep>ate ?+2 two books ( ,?\ghts1 address$ to ,laodamas2 an essay1 9 ?ree books1 on ,conception1 address$ to ,py?onax2 an essay1 t ! ,wise ,man is n ,guid$ by ,op9ion2 an essay1 9 five books1 on ,compreh5sion1 & ,k1 & ,ignorance2 a treatise on ,reason1 9 two books2 a treatise on ! ,employm5t ( ,reason1 address$ to ,lept9es4 ,! second set conta9s1 a treatise1 t ! ,anci5t ,philosoph]s approv$ ( ,logic1 ) ,pro(s to support ! ,argum5ts1 9 two books1 address$ to ,z5o2 a treatise on ,dialectics1 9 f\r books1 address$ to ,ari/ocreon2 an answ] to ! ,objections urg$ aga9/ ,dialectics1 9 ?ree books2 an essay on ,rhetoric1 9 f\r books1 address$ to ,dioscorides4 ,! ?ird set conta9s1 a treatise on ,habit1 9 ?ree books1 address$ to ,cleon2 a treatise on ,art & ,want ( ,art1 9 f\r books1 address$ to ,ari/ocreon2 a treatise1 9 f\r books1 on ! ,diff]5ce betwe5 ! ,virtues1 address$ to ,diodorus2 a treatise1 to %[ t all ! ,virtues are ,equal2 a treatise on ! ,virtues1 9 two books1 address$ to ,pollis4 ,! next division ref]s to ,e?ics1 z relat+ to ,good & ,evil4 ,! fir/ set conta9s1 a treatise 9 t5 books1 on ! ,hon\rable1 & on ,pleasure1 address$ to ,ari/ocreon2 a demon/ration1 t ,pleasure is n ! ,*ief ,good ( ,man1 9 f\r books2 a demon/ration t ,pleasure is n a ,good at all1 9 f\r books2 a treatise on :at is said by '''#ajf ,,book ,,viii4 ,,life ,,( ,,py?agoras4 ,i4 ,s9ce we h n[ gone ?r\gh ! ,ionian philosophy1 :i* 0 d]iv$ f ,?ales1 & ! lives ( ! sev]al illu/ri\s m5 :o 7 ! *ief ornam5ts ( t s*ool2 we w n[ proce$ to treat ( ! ,italian ,s*ool1 :i* 0 f\nd$ by ,py?agoras1 ! son ( ,mnes>*us1 a seal engrav]1 z he is record$ to h be5 by ,h]mippus2 a native ( ,samos1 or z ,ari/ox5us ass]ts1 a ,tyrrh5ian1 & a native ( "o ( ! isl&s :i* ! ,a!nians occupi$ aft] !y _h driv5 out ! ,tyrrh5ians4 ,b "s au?ors say t he 0 ! son ( ,m>macus1 ! son ( ,hippasus1 ! son ( ,eu?yphron1 ! son ( ,cleonymus1 :o 0 an exile f ,phlias2 & t ,m>macus settl$ 9 ,samos1 & t f ?is circum/ance ,py?agoras 0 call$ a ,samian4 ,aft] t he migrat$ to ,lesbos1 hav+ come to ,ph]ecydes ) lett]s ( recomm5dation f ,zoilus1 8 uncle4 ,& hav+ made ?ree silv] goblets1 he c>ri$ !m to ,egypt z a pres5t = ea* ( ! ?ree prie/s4 ,he _h bro!rs1 ! elde/ ( :om 0 nam$ ,eunomus1 ! middle "o ,tyrrh5us1 & a slave nam$ ,zamolxis1 to :om ! ,get sacrifice1 believ+ him to be ! same z ,saturn1 accord+ to ! acc\nt ( ,h]odotus4#ajg ,,ii4 ,he 0 a pupil1 z ,i h already m5tion$1 ( ,ph]ecydes1 ! ,syrian2 & aft] 8 dea? he came to ,samos1 & became a pupil ( ,h]modamas1 ! desc5dant ( ,creophylus1 :o 0 by ?is "t an old man4 ,,iii4 ,& z he 0 a "y man1 & devot$ to le>n+1 he quitt$ 8 c\ntry1 & got initiat$ into all ! ,grecian & b>b>ian sacr$ my/]ies4 ,accord+ly1 he w5t to ,egypt1 on :i* occasion ,polycrates gave him a lett] ( introduction to ,amasis2 & he le>nt ! ,egyptian language1 z ,antipho tells u1 9 8 treatise on ^? m5 :o h be5 conspicu\s = virtue1 & he associat$ ) ! ,*aldans & ) ! ,magi4 ,aft]w>ds he w5t to ,crete1 & 9 company ) ,epim5ides1 he desc5d$ into ! ,idan cave1 7& 9 ,egypt too1 he ent]$ into ! holie/ p>ts ( _! temples17 & le>n$ all ! mo/ secret my/]ies t relate to _! ,gods4 ,!n he return$ back aga9 to ,samos1 & f9d+ 8 c\ntry r$uc$ "u ! absolute dom9ion ( ,polycrates1 he set sail1 & fl$ to ,crotona 9 ,italy4 ,& !re1 hav+ giv5 laws to ! ,italians1 he ga9$ a v high reputation1 toge!r ) 8 s*ol>s1 :o 7 ab\t ?ree hundr$ 9 numb]1 & gov]n$ ! republic 9 a mo/ excell5t mann]2 s t ! con/itution 0 v ne>ly an ari/ocracy4 ,,iv4 ,h]aclides ,ponticus says1 t he 0 accu/om$ to speak ( himself 9 ?is mann]2 t he _h =m]ly be5 ?alides1 & _h be5 acc\nt$ ! son ( ,m]cury2 & t ,m]cury _h desir$ him to select any gift he pleas$ except immortality4 ,& t he accord+ly _h reque/$ t1 :e!r liv+ or dead1 he might pres]ve ! memory ( :at _h happ5$ to him4 ,:ile1 !re=e1 he 0 alive1 he recollect$ ev]y?+2 & :5 he 0 dead1 he reta9$ ! same memory4 ,& at a subsequ5t p]iod he pass$ into ,euphorbus1 & 0 w\nd$ by ,m5elaus4 ,& :ile he 0 ,euphorbus1 he us$ to say t he _h =m]ly be5 ?alides2 & t he _h receiv$ z a gift f ,m]cury ! p]petual transmigration ( 8 s\l1 s t x 0 con/antly transmigrat+ & pass+ into :atev] plants or animals x pleas$2 & he _h also receiv$ ! gift ( kn[+ & recollect+ all t 8 s\l _h suff]$ 9 hell1 & :at suff]+s too are endur$ by ! re/ ( ! s\ls4 ,b aft] ,euphorbus di$1 he said t 8 s\l _h pass$ into ,h]motimus2 & :5 he wi%$ to conv9ce p ( ?is1 he w5t into ! t]ritory ( ! ,bran*id1 & go+ into ! temple ( ,apollo1 he %[$ 8 %ield :i* ,m5elaus _h d$icat$ !re z an (f]+4 ,= he said t he1 :5 he sail$ f ,troy1 _h (f]$ up 8 %ield#ajh :i* 0 already gett+ worn out1 to ,apollo1 & t no?+ rema9$ b ! ivory face :i* 0 on x4 ,& :5 ,h]motimus di$1 !n he said t he _h become ,pyrrhus1 a fi%]man ( ,delos2 & t he /ill recollect$ ev]y?+1 h[ he _h be5 =m]ly ?alides1 !n ,euphorbus1 !n ,h]motimus1 & !n ,pyrrhus4 ,& :5 ,pyrrhus di$1 he became ,py?agoras1 & /ill recollect$ all ! circum/ances t ,i h be5 m5tion+4 ,v4 ,n[1 "s p say t ,py?agoras did n leave beh9d him a s+le book2 b !y talk fooli%ly2 = ,h]aclitus1 ! natural philosoph]1 speaks pla9ly en\gh ( him1 say+1 8,py?agoras1 ! son ( ,mnes>*us1 0 ! mo/ le>n$ ( all m5 9 hi/ory2 & hav+ select$ f ^! writ+s1 he ?us =m$ 8 own wisdom & ext5sive le>n+1 & mis*iev\s art40 ,& he speaks ?us1 because ,py?agoras1 9 ! beg9n+ ( 8 treatise on ,natural ,philosophy1 writes 9 ! foll[+ mann]3 8,by ! air :i* ,i brea!1 & by ! wat] :i* ,i dr9k1 ,i w n endure to be blam$ on acc\nt ( ?is disc\rse40 ,& !re are ?ree volumes extant writt5 by ,py?agoras4 ,"o on ,education2 "o on ,politics2 & "o on ,natural ,philosophy4 ,b ! treatise :i* is n[ extant "u ! "n ( ,py?agoras is ! "w ( ,lysis1 ( ,t>5tum1 a philosoph] ( ! ,py?agorean ,s*ool1 :o fl$ to ,!bes1 & became ! ma/] ( ,epam9ondas4 ,& ,h]aclides1 ! son ( ,s>apion1 9 8 ,abridgm5t ( ,sotion1 says t he wrote a poem 9 epic v]se on ! ,univ]se2 & besides t a sacr$ poem1 :i* beg9s ?us2-- ,de> y\?s1 ,i w>n y *]i% peace div9e1 ,& 9 y\r he>ts lay deep ^! words ( m9e4 ,a ?ird ab\t ! ,s\l2 a f\r? on ,piety2 a fif? entitl$ ,helo?ales1 :i* 0 ! "n ( ! fa!r ( ,epi*>mus1 ( ,cos2 a six? call$ ,crotona1 & o!r poems too4 ,b ! my/ic disc\rse :i* is extant "u 8 "n1 !y say is really ! "w ( ,hippasus1 hav+ be5 compos$ ) a view to br+ ,py?agoras into disrepute4 ,!re 7 also _m o!r books compos$ by ,a/on1 ( ,crotona1 & attribut$ to ,py?agoras4 ,ari/ox5us ass]ts t ,py?agoras d]iv$ ! great] "p ( 8 e?ical doctr9es f ,!mi/oclea1 ! prie/ess at ,delphi4 ,& ,ion1 ( ,*ios1 9 8 ,victories1 says t he wrote "s poems & attribut$ !m to ,orpheus4 ,!y also say t ! poem call$ ! ,scopiad is by him1 :i* beg9s ?us3-- ,behave n %amelessly to any "o4 ,,vi4 ,& ,sosicrates1 9 8 ,successions1 relates t he1 hav+ be+ ask$ by ,leon1 ! tyrant ( ! ,phliasians1 :o he 01 repli$1 8,a philosoph]40 ,& adds1 t he us$ to comp>e life to a fe/ival4 8,& z "s p came to a fe/ival to cont5d = ! prizes1 & o!rs = ! purposes ( traffic1 & ! be/ z spectators2 s also 9 life1 ! m5 ( slavi% dispositions10 said he1 8are born hunt]s aft] glory & covet\sness1 b philosoph]s are seek]s aft] tru?40 ,& ?us he spoke on ?is subject4 ,b 9 ! ?ree treatises above m5tion$1 ! foll[+ pr9ciples are laid d[n by ,py?agoras g5]ally4 ,he =bids m5 to pray = any?+ 9 p>ticul> = !mselves1 because !y d n "k :at is good = !m4 ,he calls drunk5ness an expression id5tical ) ru91 & rejects all sup]fluity1 say+1 8,t no "o ought to exce$ ! prop] quantity ( meat & dr9k40 ,& on ! subject ( v5]eal pleasures1 he speaks ?us3--8,"o ought to sacrifice to ,v5us 9 ! w9t]1 n 9 ! summ]2 & 9 autumn & spr+ 9 a less] degree4 ,b ! practice is p]nici\s at e season1 & is nev] good = ! heal?40 ,& once1 :5 he 0 ask$ :5 a man might indulge 9 ! pleasures ( love1 he repli$1 8,:5ev] y wi% to be weak] ?an y\rself40 ,,vii4 ,& he divides ! life ( man ?us4 ,a boy = tw5ty ye>s2 a "y man 77 = tw5ty ye>s2 a middle-ag$ man 77 = tw5ty ye>s2 an old man = tw5ty ye>s4 ,& ^! diff]5t ages correspond proportionably to ! seasons3 boyhood answ]s to spr+2 y\? to summ]2 middle age to autumn2 & old age to w9t]4 ,& he uses "h z equival5t to 1 & z equival5t to 4 ,,viii4 ,he 0 ! fir/ p]son1 z ,timu says1 :o ass]t$ t ! prop]ty ( fri5ds is common1 & t fri5d%ip is equality4 ,& 8 disciples us$ to put all _! possessions toge!r into "o /ore1 & use !m 9 common2 & = five ye>s !y kept sil5ce1 do+ no?+ b li/5 to disc\rses1 & nev] once see+ ,py?agoras1 until !y 7 approv$2 aft] t "t !y 7 admitt$ into 8 h\se1 & all[$ to see him4 ,!y also ab/a9$ f ! use ( cypress c(f9s1 because ! sceptre ( ,jupit] 0 made ( t wood1 z ,h]mippus tells u 9 ! second book ( 8 acc\nt ( ,py?agoras4 ,,ix4 ,he is said to h be5 a man ( ! mo/ dignifi$ appe>ance1 & 8 disciples adopt$ an op9ion respect+ him1 t he 0 ,apollo :o _h come f ! ,hyp]boreans2 & x is said1 t once :5 he 0 /ripp$ nak$1 he 0 se5 to h a gold5 ?igh4 ,& !re 7 _m p :o affirm$1 t :5 he 0 cross+ ! riv] ,nessus x address$ him by 8 "n4 ,x4 ,timu1 9 ! t5? book ( 8 ,hi/ories1 tells u1 t he us$ to say t wom5 :o 7 m>ri$ to m5 _h ! names ( ! ,gods1 be+ successively call$ virg9s1 !n nymphs1 & subsequ5tly mo!rs4 ,,xi4 ,x 0 ,py?agoras also :o c>ri$ geometry to p]fection1 aft] ,mris _h fir/ f\nd out ! pr9ciples ( ! elem5ts ( t sci5ce1 z ,ari/iclides tells u 9 ! second book ( 8 ,hi/ory ( ,alex&]2 & ! "p ( ! sci5ce to :i* ,py?agoras appli$ himself above all o!rs 0 ari?metic4 ,he also discov]$ ! num]ical relation ( s\nds on a s+le /r+3 he also /udi$ m$ic9e4 ,& ,apollodorus1 ! logician1 records ( him1 t he sacrific$ a hecatomb1 :5 he _h discov]$ t ! squ>e ( ! hypo!nuse ( a "r-angl$ triangle is equal to ! squ>es ( ! sides conta9+ ! "r angle4 ,& !re is an epigram :i* is c\*$ 9 ! foll[+ t]ms3-- ,:5 ! great ,samian sage 8 noble problem f\nd1 ,a hundr$ ox5 dy$ ) _! life-blood ! gr\nd4 ,,xii4 ,he is also said to h be5 ! fir/ man :o tra9$ a?letes on meat2 & ,eurym5es 0 ! fir/ man1 accord+ to ! /atem5t ( ,phavor9us1 9 ! ?ird book ( 8 ,comm5t>ies1 :o ev] did submit to ?is diet1 z be=e t "t m5 us$ to tra9 !mselves on dry figs & moi/ *eese1 & :eat5 bread2 z ! same ,phavor9us in=ms u 9 ! eigh? book ( 8 ,univ]sal ,hi/ory4 ,b "s au?ors /ate1 t a tra9] ( ! "n ( ,py?agoras c]ta9ly did tra9 8 a?letes on ?is sy/em1 b t x 0 n our philosoph]2 = t he ev5 =bade m5 to kill animals at all1 mu* less w\ld h all[$ 8 disciples to eat !m1 z hav+ a "r to live 9 common ) mank9d4 ,& ?is 0 8 pretext2 b 9 reality he prohibit$ ! eat+ ( animals1 because he wi%$ to tra9 & accu/om m5 to simplicity ( life1 s t all _! food %\ld be easily procurable1 z x w\ld be1 if !y ate only su* ?+s z requir$ no fire to dress !m1 & if !y drank pla9 wat]2 = f ?is diet !y w\ld d]ive heal? ( body & acut5ess ( intellect4 ,! only alt> at :i* he wor%ipp$ 0 t ( ,apollo ! ,fa!r1 at ,delos1 :i* is at ! back ( ! alt> ( ,c]at9us1 because :eat1 & b>ley1 & *eese-cakes are ! only (f]+s laid ^u x1 be+ n dress$ by fire2 & no victim is ev] sla9 !re1 z ,ari/otle tells u 9 8 ,con/itution ( ! ,delians4 ,!y say1 too1 t he 0 ! fir/ p]son :o ass]t$ t ! s\l w5t a necess>y circle be+ *ang$ ab\t & conf9$ at diff]5t times 9 diff]5t bodies4 ,,xiii4 ,he 0 also ! fir/ p]son :o introduc$ measures & weights among ! ,greeks2 z ,ari/ox5us ! musician in=ms u4 ,,xiv4 ,p>m5ides1 too1 assures u1 t he 0 ! fir/ p]son :o ass]t$ ! id5tity ( ,hesp]us & ,lucif]4 ,,xv4 ,& he 0 s greatly admir$1 t !y us$ to say t 8 fri5ds look$ on all 8 say+s z ! oracles ( ,god4#aji ,& he himself says 9 8 writ+s1 t he _h come among m5 aft] hav+ sp5t two hundr$ & sev5 ye>s 9 ! %ades bel[4 ,!re=e ! ,lucanians & ! ,peucetians1 & ! ,messapians1 & ! ,romans1 flock$ ar\nd him1 com+ ) eag]ness to he> 8 disc\rses2 b until ! "t ( ,philolaus !re 7 no doctr9es ( ,py?agoras ev] divulg$2 & he 0 ! fir/ p]son :o publi%$ ! ?ree celebrat$ books :i* ,plato wrote to h pur*as$ = him = a hundr$ m94 ,nor 7 ! numb] ( 8 s*ol>s :o us$ to come to him by night few] ?an six hundr$4 ,& if any ( !m _h ev] be5 p]mitt$ to see him1 !y wrote ( x to _! fri5ds1 z if !y _h ga9$ "s great advantage4 ,! p ( ,metapontum us$ to call 8 h\se ! temple ( ,c]es2 & ! /reet lead+ to x !y call$ ! /reet ( ! ,muses1 z we are told by ,phavor9us 9 8 ,univ]sal ,hi/ory4 ,& ! re/ ( ! ,py?agoreans us$ to say1 accord+ to ! acc\nt giv5 by ,ari/ox5us1 9 ! t5? book ( 8 ,laws on ,education1 t 8 precepts ought n to be divulg$ to all ! _w2 & ,x5ophilus1 ! ,py?agorean1 :5 he 0 ask$ :at 0 ! be/ way = a man to educate 8 son1 said1 8,t he mu/ fir/ ( all take c>e t he 0 born 9 a city :i* enjoy$ good laws40 ,py?agoras1 too1 =m$ _m excell5t m5 9 ,italy1 by 8 precepts1 & among !m ,zaleucus1#aaj & ,*>ondas1#aaa ! lawgiv]s4 ,,xvi4 ,= he 0 v em95t = 8 p[] ( attract+ fri5d%ips2 & among o!r ?+s1 if ev] he he>d t any "o _h any community ( symbols ) him1 he at once made him a companion & a fri5d4 ,,xvii4 ,n[1 :at he call$ 8 symbols 7 su* z ^!4 8,d n /ir ! fire ) a sword40 8,d n sit d[n on a bu%el40 8,d n dev\r y\r he>t40 8,d n aid m5 9 disc>d+ a burd51 b 9 increas+ "o40 8,always h y\r b$ pack$ up40 8,d n be> ! image ( a ,god on a r+40 8,efface ! traces ( a pot 9 ! a%es40 8,d n wipe a seat ) a lamp40 8,d n make wat] 9 ! sun%9e40 8,d n walk 9 ! ma9 /reet40 8,d n (f] y\r "r h& lightly40 8,d n *]i% swall[s "u y\r ro(40 8,d n *]i% birds ) crook$ talons40 8,d n defile2 & d n /& ^u ! p>+s ( y\r nails1 or ! cutt+s ( y\r hair40 8,avoid a %>p sword40 8,:5 y are travell+ abroad1 look n back at y\r own bord]s40 ,n[ ! precept n to /ir fire ) a sword meant1 n to provoke ! ang] or swell+ pride ( p[]ful m52 n to violate ! beam ( ! balance meant1 n to transgress fairness & ju/ice2 n to sit on a bu%el is to h an equal c>e = ! pres5t & = ! future1 = by ! bu%el is meant "o's daily food4 ,by n dev\r+ "o's he>t1 he int5d$ to %[ t we ought n to wa/e away our s\ls ) grief & sorr[4 ,9 ! precept t a man :5 travell+ abroad %\ld n turn 8 eyes back1 he recomm5d$ ^? :o 7 dep>t+ f life n to be desir\s to live1 & n to be too mu* attract$ by ! pleasures "h on e>?4 ,& ! o!r symbols may be expla9$ 9 a simil> mann]1 t we may n be too prolix "h4 ,,xviii4 ,& above all ?+s1 he us$ to prohibit ! eat+ ( ! ery?9us1 & ! melanurus2 & also1 he enjo9$ 8 disciples to ab/a9 f ! he>ts ( animals1 & f beans4 ,& ,ari/otle in=ms u1 t he sometimes us$ also to add to ^! prohibitions paun*es & mullet4 ,& "s au?ors ass]t t he himself us$ to be cont5t$ ) honey & honeycomb1 & bread1 & t he nev] drank w9e 9 ! day "t4 ,& 8 des]t 0 usually vegetables1 ei!r boil$ or raw2 & he v r>ely ate fi%4 ,8 dress 0 :ite1 v clean1 & 8 b$-clo!s 7 also :ite1 & wooll51 = l95 _h n yet be5 introduc$ into t c\ntry4 ,he 0 nev] kn[n to h eat5 too mu*1 or to h drunk too mu*1 or to indulge 9 ! pleasures ( love4 ,he ab/a9$ :olly f laught]1 & f all su* indulg5ces z je/s & idle /ories4 ,& :5 he 0 angry1 he nev] *a/is$ any "o1 :e!r slave or freeman4 ,he us$ to call admoni%+1 fe$+ /orks4 ,he us$ to practise div9ation1 z f> z auguries & auspices g1 b n by means ( burnt (f]+s1 except only ! burn+ ( frank9c5se4 ,& all ! sacrifices :i* he (f]$ consi/$ ( inanimate ?+s4 ,b "s1 h[ev]1 ass]t t he did sacrifice animals1 limit+ himself to cocks1 & suck+ kids1 :i* are call$ 1 b t he v r>ely (f]$ lambs4 ,ari/ox5us1 h[ev]1 affirms t he p]mitt$ ! eat+ ( all o!r animals1 & only ab/a9$ f ox5 us$ 9 agriculture1 & f rams4 ,,xix4 ,! same au?or tells u1 z ,i h already m5tion$1 t he receiv$ 8 doctr9es f ,!mi/oclea1 at ,delphi4 ,& ,hi]onymus says1 t :5 he desc5d$ to ! %ades bel[1 he saw ! s\l ( ,hesiod b\nd to a braz5 pill>1 & gna%+ its tee?2 & t ( ,hom] susp5d$ f a tree1 & snakes ar\nd x1 z a puni%m5t = ! ?+s t !y _h said ( ! ,gods4 ,& t ^? p also 7 puni%$ :o refra9$ f comm]ce ) _! wives2 & t on acc\nt ( ?is he 0 greatly hon\r$ by ! p ( ,crotona4 ,b ,ari/ippus1 ( ,cyr5e1 9 8 ,acc\nt ( ,natural ,philosoph]s1 says t ,py?agoras d]iv$ 8 "n f ! fact ( 8 speak+ 77 tru? no less ?an ! ,god at ,delphi 7 74 ,x is said t he us$ to admoni% 8 disciples to repeat ^! l9es to !mselves :5ev] !y return$ home to _! h\ses3-- ,9 :at h ,i transgress'd8 ,:at h ,i done8 ,:at t ,i %\ld h done h ,i omitt$8 ,& t he us$ to =bid !m to (f] victims to ! ,gods1 ord]+ !m to wor%ip only at ^? alt>s :i* 7 un/a9$ ) blood4 ,he =bade !m also to swe> by ! ,gods2 say+1 8,t e man ought s to ex]cise himself1 z to be wor?y ( belief )\t an oa?40 ,he also taught m5 t x behov$ !m to hon\r _! eld]s1 ?9k+ t :i* 0 prec$5t 9 po9t ( "t m hon\rable2 j z 9 ! _w1 ! ris+ ( ! sun 0 m s ?an ! sett+2 9 life1 ! beg9n+ m s ?an ! end2 & 9 animals1 production m s ?an de/ruction4 ,ano!r ( 8 rules 0 t m5 %\ld hon\r ! ,gods above ! dmones1 h]oes above m52 & ( all m5 p>5ts 7 entitl$ to ! highe/ degree ( rev]5ce4 ,ano!r1 t p %\ld associate ) "o ano!r 9 su* a way z n to make _! fri5ds enemies1 b to r5d] _! enemies fri5ds4 ,ano!r 0 t !y %\ld ?9k no?+ exclusively _! own4 ,ano!r 0 to assi/ ! law1 & to make w> ^u lawlessness4 ,n to de/roy or injure a cultivat$ tree1 nor any animal ei!r :i* does n injure m54 ,t mode/y & decorum consi/$ 9 nev] yield+ to laught]1 & yet n look+ /]n4 ,he taught t m5 %\ld avoid too mu* fle%1 t !y %\ld 9 travell+ let re/ & ex]tion alt]nate2 t !y %\ld ex]cise memory2 t !y %\ld nev] say or d any?+ 9 ang]2 t !y %\ld n pay respect to e k9d ( div9ation2 t !y %\ld use songs set to ! lyre2 & by hymns to ! ,gods & to em95t m51 display a reasonable gratitude to !m4 ,he also =bade 8 disciples to eat beans1 because1 z !y 7 flatul5t1 !y greatly p>took ( animal prop]ties he also said t m5 kept _! /oma*s 9 bett] ord] by avoid+ !m2 & t su* ab/95ce made ! visions :i* appe> 9 "o's sleep g5tle & free f agitation4 ,alex&] also says1 9 8 ,successions ( ,philosoph]s1 t he f\nd ! foll[+ dogmas also set d[n 9 ! ,comm5t>ies ( ,py?agoras3-- ,t ! monad 0 ! beg9n+ ( ev]y?+4 ,f ! monad proce$s an indef9ite duad1 :i* is subord9ate to ! monad z to its cause4 ,t f ! monad & ! indef9ite duad proce$ numb]s4 ,& f numb]s signs4 ,& f ^! la/1 l9es ( :i* plane figures consi/4 ,& f plane figures are d]iv$ solid bodies4 ,& f solid bodies s5sible bodies1 ( :i* la/ !re are f\r elem5ts2 fire1 wat]1 e>?1 & air4 ,& t ! _w1 :i* is endu$ ) life1 & intellect1 & :i* is ( a sph]ical figure1 hav+ ! e>?1 :i* is also sph]ical1 & inhabit$ all ov] 9 its c5tre1 results f a comb9ation ( ^! elem5ts1 & d]ives its motion f !m2 & also t !re are antipodes1#aab & t :at is bel[1 z respects u1 is above 9 respect ( !m4 ,he also taught t light & d>kness & cold & heat1 & dryness & moi/ure1 7 equally divid$ 9 ! _w2 & t1 :ile heat 0 pr$om9ant x 0 summ]2 :ile cold _h ! ma/]y x 0 w9t]2 :5 dryness prevail$ x 0 spr+2 & :5 moi/ure prepond]at$1 w9t]4 ,& :ile all ^! qualities 7 on a level1 !n 0 ! lovelie/ season ( ! ye>2 ( :i* ! fl\ri%+ spr+ 0 ! :olesome p]iod1 & ! season ( autumn ! mo/ p]nici\s "o4 ,( ! day1 he said t ! fl\ri%+ p]iod 0 ! morn+1 & ! fad+ "o ! ev5+2 on :i* acc\nt t also 0 ! lea/ heal?y "t4 ,ano!r ( 8 !ories 01 t ! air ar\nd ! e>? 0 immoveable1 & pregnant ) disease1 & t ev]y?+ 9 x 0 mortal2 b t ! upp] air 0 9 p]petual motion1 & pure & salubri\s2 & t ev]y?+ 9 t 0 immortal1 & on t acc\nt div9e4 ,& t ! sun1 & ! moon1 & ! />s1 7 all ,gods2 = 9 !m ! w>m pr9ciple pr$om9ates :i* is ! cause ( life4 ,& t ! moon d]ives its light f ! sun4 ,& t !re is a relation%ip betwe5 m5 & ! ,gods1 because m5 p>take ( ! div9e pr9ciple2 on :i* acc\nt also1 ,god ex]cises 8 provid5ce = our advantage4 ,also1 t fate is ! cause ( ! arrangem5t ( ! _w bo? g5]ally & p>ticul>ly4 ,moreov]1 t a ray f ! sun p5etrat$ bo? ! cold !r & ! d5se !r2 & !y call ! air 771 ! cold !r 7 71 & ! sea & moi/ure !y call ! d5se !r 7 74 ,& ?is ray desc5ds into ! dep?s1 & 9 ?is way vivifies ev]y?+4 ,& ev]y?+ :i* p>takes ( ! pr9ciple ( heat lives1 on :i* acc\nt also plants are animat$ be+s2 b t all liv+ ?+s h n necess>ily s\ls4 ,& t ! s\l is a some?+ torn (f f ! !r1 bo? w>m & cold1 f its p>tak+ ( ! cold !r4 ,& t ! s\l is some?+ diff]5t f life4 ,also1 t x is immortal1 because t f :i* x has be5 deta*$ is immortal4 ,also1 t animals are born f "o ano!r by se$s1 & t x is impossible = !re to be any spontane\s production by ! e>?4 ,& t se$ is a drop f ! bra9 :i* conta9s 9 itself a w>m vap\r2 & t :5 ?is is appli$ to ! womb1 x transmits virtue1 & moi/ure1 & blood f ! bra91 f :i* fle%1 & s9ews1 & bones1 & hair1 & ! :ole body are produc$4 ,& f ! vap\r is produc$ ! s\l1 & also s5sation4 ,& t ! infant fir/ becomes a solid body at ! end ( =ty days2 b1 accord+ to ! pr9ciples ( h>mony1 x is n p]fect till sev51 or p]haps n9e1 or at mo/ t5 mon?s1 & !n x is br\ght =?4 ,& t x conta9s 9 itself all ! pr9ciples ( life1 :i* are all connect$ toge!r1 & by _! union & comb9ation =m a h>moni\s :ole1 ea* ( !m develop+ itself at ! appo9t$ "t4 ,! s5ses 9 g5]al1 & especially ! sight1 are a vap\r ( excessive w>m?1 & on ?is acc\nt a man is said to see ?r\gh air1 & ?r\gh wat]4 ,= ! hot pr9ciple is oppos$ by ! cold "o2 s9ce1 if ! vap\r 9 ! eyes 7 cold1 x w\ld h ! same temp]ature z ! air1 & s w\ld be dissipat$4 ,z x is1 9 "s passages he calls ! eyes ! gates ( ! sun4 ,& he speaks 9 a simil> mann] ( he>+1 & ( ! o!r s5ses4 ,he also says t ! s\l ( man is divid$ into ?ree p>ts2 into intuition 771 & reason 771 & m9d 771 & t ! fir/ & la/ divisions are f\nd also 9 o!r animals1 b t ! middle "o1 reason1 is only f\nd 9 man4 ,& t ! *ief abode ( ! s\l is 9 ^? p>ts ( ! body :i* are betwe5 ! he>t & ! bra94 ,& t t portion ( x :i* is 9 ! he>t is ! m9d 772 b t delib]ation 771 & reason 771 reside 9 ! bra94#aac ,moreov]1 t ! s5ses are drops f !m2 & t ! reason+ s5se is immortal1 b ! o!rs are mortal4 ,& t ! s\l is n\ri%$ by ! blood2 & t reasons are ! w9ds ( ! s\l4 ,t x is invisible1 & s are its reasons1 s9ce ! !r itself is invisible4 ,t ! l9ks ( ! s\l are ! ve9s1 & ! art]ies1 & ! n]ves4 ,b t :5 x is vigor\s1 & is by itself 9 a quiesc5t /ate1 !n its l9ks are words & actions4 ,t :5 x is ca/ =? ^u ! e>? x w&]s ab\t1 resembl+ ! body4 ,moreov]1 t ,m]cury is ! /ew>d ( ! s\ls1 & t on ?is acc\nt he has ! "n ( ,conductor1 & ,comm]cial1 & ,inf]nal1 s9ce x is he :o conducts ! s\ls f _! bodies1 & f e>?1 & sea2 & t he conducts ! pure s\ls to ! highe/ region1 & t he does n all[ ! impure ones to approa* !m1 nor to come ne> "o ano!r2 b commits !m to be b\nd 9 indissoluble fett]s by ! ,furies4 ,! ,py?agoreans also ass]t1 t ! :ole air is full ( s\ls1 & t ^! are ^? :i* are acc\nt$ dmones1 & h]oes4 ,also1 t x is by !m t dreams are s5t among m51 & also ! tok5s ( disease & heal?2 ^! la/ too1 be+ s5t n only to m51 b to %eep also1 & o!r cattle4 ,also1 t x is !y :o are conc]n$ ) purifications1 & expiations1 & all k9ds ( div9ation1 & oracul> pr$ictions1 & ?+s ( t k9d4 ,!y also say1 t ! mo/ important privilege 9 man is1 ! be+ able to p]suade 8 s\l to ei!r good or bad4 ,& t m5 are happy :5 !y h a good s\l2 yet1 t !y are nev] quiet1 & t !y nev] reta9 ! same m9d long4 ,also1 t an oa? is ju/ice2 & t on t acc\nt1 ,jupit] is call$ ,jupit] ( ,oa?s 774 ,also1 t virtue is h>mony1 & heal?1 & univ]sal good1 & ,god2 on :i* acc\nt ev]y?+ owes its exi/5ce & consi/5cy to h>mony4 ,also1 t fri5d%ip is a h>moni\s equality4 ,aga91 !y tea* t "o ought n to pay equal hon\rs to ,gods & to h]oes2 b t "o ought to hon\r ! ,gods at all times1 extoll+ !m ) praises1 clo!d 9 :ite g>m5ts1 & keep+ "o's body *a/e2 b t "o ought n to pay su* hon\r to ! h]oes till aft] midday4 ,also1 t a /ate ( purity is br\ght ab\t by purifications1 & wa%+s1 & spr9kl+s1 & by a man's purify+ himself f all fun]als1 or concub9age1 or pollution ( e k9d1 & by ab/a9+ f all fle% t has ei!r be5 kill$ or di$ ( itself1 & f mullets1 & f melanuri1 & f eggs1 & f su* animals z lay eggs1 & f beans1 & f o!r ?+s :i* are prohibit$ by ^? :o h ! *>ge ( ! my/]ies 9 ! temples4 ,& ,ari/otle says1 9 8 treatise on ,beans1 t ,py?agoras enjo9$ 8 disciples to ab/a9 f beans1 ei!r because !y resemble "s "p ( ! human body1 or because !y are l ! gates ( hell 7= !y are ! only plants )\t p>ts72 or because !y dry up o!r plants1 or because !y are repres5tatives ( univ]sal nature1 or because !y are us$ 9 elections 9 olig>*ical gov]nm5ts4 ,he also =bade 8 disciples to pick up :at fell f ! table1 = ! sake ( accu/om+ !m n to eat immod]ately1 or else because su* ?+s belong to ! dead4 ,b ,ari/ophanes says1 t :at falls belongs to ! h]oes2 say+1 9 8 ,h]oes3-- ,nev] ta/e ! ?+s :i* fall ,f ! table on ! floor4 ,he also =bade 8 disciples to eat :ite p\ltry1 because a cock ( t col\r 0 sacr$ to ,mon?1 & 0 also a suppliant4 ,he 0 also acc\nt$ a good animal2#aad & he 0 sacr$ to ! ,god ,mon?1 = he indicates ! "t4 ,! ,py?agoreans 7 also =bidd5 to eat ( all fi% t 7 sacr$2 on ! gr\nd t ! same animals ought n to be s]v$ up be=e bo? ,gods & m51 j z ! same ?+s d n belong to freem5 & to slaves4 ,n[1 :ite is an indication ( a good nature1 & black ( a bad "o4 ,ano!r ( ! precepts ( ,py?agoras 01 t m5 ought n to break bread2 because 9 anci5t times fri5ds us$ to assemble ar\nd "o loaf1 z !y ev5 n[ d among ! b>b>ians4 ,nor w\ld he all[ m5 to divide bread :i* unites !m4 ,"s ?9k t he laid d[n ?is rule 9 ref]5ce to ! judgm5t :i* takes place 9 hell2 "s because ?is practice eng5d]s timidity 9 w>4 ,accord+ to o!rs1 :at is allud$ to is ! ,union1 :i* presides ov] ! gov]nm5t ( ! univ]se4 ,ano!r ( 8 doctr9es 01 t ( all solid figures ! sph]e 0 ! mo/ beautiful2 & ( all plane figures1 ! circle4 ,t old age & all dim9ution 7 simil>1 & also increase & y\? 7 id5tical4 ,t heal? 0 ! p]man5ce ( =m1 & disease ! de/ruction ( x4 ,( salt 8 op9ion 01 t x ought to be set be=e p z a rem9d] ( ju/ice2 = salt pres]ves ev]y?+ :i* x t\*es1 & x is compos$ ( ! pure/ p>ticles ( wat] & sea4 ,^! are ! doctr9es :i* ,alex&] ass]ts t he discov]$ 9 ! ,py?agorean treatises2 & ,ari/otle gives a simil> acc\nt ( !m4 ,,xv4 ,timon1 9 8 ,silli1 has n left unnotic$ ! dignifi$ appe>ance ( ,py?agoras1 :5 he attacks him on o!r po9ts4 ,& 8 words are ^!3-- ,py?agoras1 :o (t5 tea*es ,precepts ( magic1 & ) spee*es ,( long high-s\nd+ diction draws1 ,f gap+ cr[ds1 a va9 applause4 ,& respect+ 8 hav+ be5 diff]5t p at diff]5t times1 ,x5ophanes adds 8 evid5ce 9 an elegiac poem :i* comm5ces ?us3-- ,n[ ,i w on ano!r subject t\*1 ,& lead ! way4 ,& ! passage 9 :i* he m5tions ,py?agoras is z foll[s3-- ,!y say t once1 z pass+ by he saw ,a dog sev]ely beat51 he did pity him1 ,& spoke z foll[s to ! man :o beat him3-- 8,/op n[1 & beat him n2 s9ce 9 8 body1 ,abides ! s\l ( a de> fri5d ( m9e1 ,^: voice ,i recogniz$ z he 0 cry+40 ,^! are ! words ( ,x5ophanes4 ,crat9us also ridicul$ him 9 8 ,py?agorean ,woman2 b 9 8 ,t>5t9es1 he speaks ?us3-- ,!y are accu/om$1 if by *ance !y see ,a private individual abroad1 ,to try :at p[]s ( argum5t he has1 ,h[ he c speak & reason3 & !y bo!r him ,) /range anti!sis & =c$ conclusions1 ,errors1 comp>isons1 & magnitudes1 ,till !y h fill$ & q p]plex'd 8 m9d4 ,& ,mnesima*us says 9 8 ,alcmon3-- ,z we d sacrifice to ! ,phbus :om ,py?agoras wor%ips1 nev] eat+ aught ,:i* has ! brea? ( life4 ,ari/ophon says 9 8 ,py?agorean3-- ,a4 ,he said t :5 he did desc5d bel[ ,among ! %ades 9 ,hell1 he !re beheld ,all m5 :o e'er _h di$2 & !re he saw1 ,t ! ,py?agoreans diff]'d mu* ,f all ! re/2 = t ) !m alone ,did ,pluto deign to eat1 mu* hon\r+ ,_! pi\s habits4 ,b4 ,he's a civil ,god1 ,if he likes eat+ ) su* dirty fell[s4 ,& aga91 9 ! same play he says3-- ,!y eat ,no?+ b h]bs & vegetables1 & dr9k ,pure wat] only4 ,b _! lice are su*1 ,_! cloaks s dirty1 & _! unwa%'d sc5t ,s rank1 t no "o ( our y\ng] m5 ,w = a mom5t be> !m4 ,,xxi4 ,py?agoras di$ 9 ?is mann]4 ,:5 he 0 sitt+ ) "s ( 8 companions 9 ,milo's h\se1 "s "o ( ^? :om he did n ?9k wor?y ( admission into x1 0 excit$ by envy to set fire to x4 ,b "s say t ! p ( ,crotona !mselves did ?is1 be+ afraid le/ he might aspire to ! tyranny4 ,& t ,py?agoras 0 caught z he 0 try+ to escape2 & com+ to a place full ( beans1 he /opp$ !re1 say+ t x 0 bett] to be caught ?an to trample on ! beans1 & bett] to be sla9 ?an to speak2 & s he 0 murd]$ by ^? :o 7 pursu+ him4 ,& 9 ?is way1 also1 mo/ ( 8 companions 7 sla92 be+ 9 numb] ab\t =ty2 b t a v few did escape1 among :om 7 ,ar*ippus1 ( ,t>5tum1 & ,lysis1 :om ,i h m5tion$ be=e4 ,b ,dicar*us relates t ,py?agoras di$ aft]w>ds1 hav+ escap$ z f> z ! temple ( ! ,muses1 at ,metapontum1 & t he di$ !re ( />vation1 hav+ ab/a9$ f food = =ty days4 ,& ,h]aclides says1 9 8 abridgm5t ( ! life ( ,satyrus1 t aft] he _h buri$ ,ph]ecydes 9 ,delos1 he return$ to ,italy1 & f9d+ !re a sup]b banquet prep>$ at ! h\se ( ,milo1 ( ,crotona1 he left ,crotona1 & w5t to ,metapontum1 & !re put an end to 8 life by />vation1 n wi%+ to live any long]4 ,b ,h]mippus says1 t :5 !re 0 w> betwe5 ! p ( ,agrig5tum & ! ,syracusans1 ,py?agoras w5t out ) 8 usual companions1 & took ! "p ( ! ,agrig5t9es2 & z !y 7 put to flight1 he ran all r\nd a field ( beans1 in/ead ( cross+ x1 & s 0 sla9 by ! ,syracusans2 & t ! re/1 be+ ab\t five-&-?irty 9 numb]1 7 burnt at ,t>5tum1 :5 !y 7 try+ to excite a s$ition 9 ! /ate aga9/ ! pr9cipal magi/rates4 ,h]mippus also relates ano!r /ory ab\t ,py?agoras4 ,= he says t :5 he 0 9 ,italy1 he made a subt]rane\s ap>tm5t1 & *>g$ 8 "m to write an acc\nt ( ev]y?+ t took place1 m>k+ ! "t ( ea* on a tablet1 & !n to s5d !m d[n to him1 until he came up aga92 & t 8 "m did s2 & t ,py?agoras came up aga9 aft] a c]ta9 "t1 lean1 & r$uc$ to a skeleton2 & t he came into ! public assembly1 & said t he _h arriv$ f ! %ades bel[1 & !n he recit$ to !m all t _h happ5$ dur+ 8 abs5ce4 ,& !y1 be+ *>m$ by :at he told !m1 wept & lam5t$1 & believ$ t ,py?agoras 0 a div9e be+2 s t !y ev5 entru/$ _! wives to him1 z likely to le>n "s good f him2 & t !y too 7 call$ ,py?agoreans4 ,& ?is is ! /ory ( ,h]mippus4 ,,xxii4 ,& ,py?agoras _h a wife1 ^: "n 0 ,!ano2 ! daught] ( ,bront9us1 ( ,crotona4 ,b "s say t %e 0 ! wife ( ,bront9us1 & only a pupil ( ,py?agoras4 ,& he _h a daught] nam$ ,damo1 z ,lysis m5tions 9 8 lett] to ,hipp>*us2 :]e he speaks ?us ( ,py?agoras3 8,& _m say t y philosophize 9 public1 z ,py?agoras also us$ to d2 :o1 :5 he _h entru/$ 8 ,comm5t>ies to ,damo1 8 daught]1 *>g$ h] to divulge !m to no p]son out ( ! h\se4 ,& %e1 ?\gh %e might h sold 8 disc\rses = mu* money1 w\ld n ab&on !m1 = %e ?\ght pov]ty & ob$i5ce to h] fa!r's injunctions m valuable ?an gold2 & t too1 ?\gh %e 0 a woman40 ,he _h also a son1 nam$ ,telauges1 :o 0 ! successor ( 8 fa!r 9 8 s*ool1 & :o1 accord+ to "s au?ors1 0 ! tea*] ( ,emp$ocles4 ,at lea/ ,hippobotus relates t ,emp$ocles said3-- 8,telauges1 noble y\?1 :om 9 due "t1 ,!ano bore to wise ,py?agoras40 ,b !re is no book extant1 :i* is ! "w ( ,telauges1 ?\gh !re are "s extant1 :i* are attribut$ to 8 "m ,!ano4 ,& !y tell a /ory ( h]1 t once1 :5 %e 0 ask$ h[ long a woman ought to be abs5t f h] husb& to be pure1 %e said1 ! mom5t %e leaves h] own husb&1 %e is pure2 b %e is nev] pure at all1 aft] %e leaves any "o else4 ,& %e recomm5d$ a woman1 :o 0 go+ to h] husb&1 to put (f h] mode/y ) h] clo!s1 & :5 %e left him1 to resume x aga9 ) h] clo!s2 & :5 %e 0 ask$1 8,:at clo!s80 %e said1 8,^? :i* cause y to be call$ a woman40 ,,xxiii4 ,n[ ,py?agoras1 z ,h]aclides1 ! son ( ,s>apion1 relates1 di$ :5 he 0 eighty ye>s ( age2 accord+ to 8 own acc\nt ( 8 age1 b accord+ to ! common acc\nt1 he 0 m ?an n9ety4 ,& we h writt5 a sportive epigram on him1 :i* is c\*$ 9 ! foll[+ t]ms3-- ,y're n ! only man :o has ab/a9$ ,f liv+ food1 = s likewise h we2 ,& :o1 ,i'd l to "k did ev] ta/e ,food :ile alive1 mo/ sage ,py?agoras8 ,:5 meat is boil'd1 or roa/$ well & salt$1 ,i don't ?9k x c well be call$ liv+4 ,:i*1 !re=e1 )\t scruple !n we eat x1 ,& call x no m liv+ fle%1 b meat4 ,& ano!r1 :i* runs ?us3-- ,py?agoras 0 s wise a man1 t he ,nev] eat meat himself1 & call$ x s94 ,& yet he gave good jo9ts ( beef to o!rs4 ,s t ,i m>vel at 8 pr9ciples2 ,:o o!rs wrong$1 by tea*+ !m to d ,:at he believ$ unholy = himself4 ,& ano!r1 z foll[s3-- ,%\ld y ,py?agoras' doctr9e wi% to "k1 ,look on ! c5tre ( ,euphorbus' %ield4 ,= he ass]ts !re liv$ a man ( old1 ,& :5 he _h no long] an exi/5ce1 ,he /ill c\ld say t he _h be5 alive1 ,or else he w\ld n /ill be liv+ n[4 ,& ?is "o too3 ,alas6 alas6 :y did ,py?agoras hold ,beans 9 su* wondr\s hon\r8 ,:y1 besides1 ,did he ?us die among 8 *oice companions8 ,!re 0 a field ( beans2 & s ! sage1 ,di$ 9 ! common road ( ,agrig5tum1 ,r ?an trample d[n 8 fav\rite beans4 ,,xxiv4 ,& he fl\ri%$ ab\t ! sixtie? olympiad2 & 8 sy/em la/$ = n9e or t5 g5]ations4 ,& ! la/ ( ! ,py?agoreans1 :om ,ari/ox5us knew1 7 ,x5ophilus1 ! ,*alcidean1 f ,?race2 & ,phanton1 ! ,phliasian1 & ,e*ecrates1 & ,diodes1 & ,polymne/us1 :o 7 also ,phliasians1 & !y 7 disciples ( ,philolaus & ,eurytus1 ( ,t>5tum4 ,,xxv4 ,& !re 7 f\r m5 ( ! "n ( ,py?agoras1 ab\t ! same "t1 at no great di/ance f "o ano!r4 ,"o 0 a native ( ,crotona1 a man :o atta9$ tyrannical p[]2 ! second 0 a ,phliasian1 a tra9] ( wre/l]s1 z "s say2 ! ?ird 0 a native ( ,zacyn?us2 ! f\r? 0 ?is our philosoph]1 to :om !y say ! my/]ies ( philosophy belong1 9 ^: "t t prov]bial phrase1 8,ipse dixit10 0 introduc$ into ord9>y life4 ,"s also affirm1 t !re 0 ano!r man ( ! "n ( ,py?agoras1 a /atu>y ( ,rhodes2 :o is believ$ to h be5 ! fir/ discov]] ( rhy?m & proportion2 & ano!r 0 a ,samian /atu>y2 & ano!r an orator1 ( no reputation2 & ano!r 0 a physician1 :o wrote a treatise on ,squills2 & also "s essays on ,hom]2 & ano!r 0 a man1 :o wrote a hi/ory ( ! affairs ( ! ,dorians1 z we are told by ,dionysius4 ,b ,erato/h5es says1 z ,phavor9us quotes him1 9 ! eigh? book ( 8 ,univ]sal ,hi/ory1 t ?is philosoph]1 ( :om we are speak+1 0 ! fir/ man :o ev] practis$ box+ 9 a sci5tific mann]1 9 ! =ty-eigh? olympiad1 hav+ 8 hair long1 & be+ clo!d 9 a purple robe2 & t he 0 reject$ f ! competition among boys1 & be+ ridicul$ = 8 application1 he imm$iately ent]$ among ! m51 & came (f victori\s4 ,& ?is /atem5t is confirm$ among o!r ?+s1 by ! epigram :i* ,!tetus compos$3-- ,/rang]1 if e'er y knew ,py?agoras1 ,py?agoras1 ! man ) fl[+ hair1 ,! celebrat$ box]1 er/ ( ,samos2 ,i am ,py?agoras4 ,& if y ask ,a citiz5 ( ,elis ( my de$s1 ,y'll surely ?9k he is relat+ fables4 ,phavor9us says1 t he employ$ def9itions1 on acc\nt ( ! ma!matical subjects to :i* he appli$ himself4 ,& t ,socrates & ^? :o 7 8 pupils1 did s /ill m2 & t !y 7 subsequ5tly foll[$ 9 ?is by ,ari/otle & ! ,/oics4 ,he too1 0 ! fir/ p]son1 :o ev] gave ! "n ( to ! univ]se1 & ! fir/ :o call$ ! e>? r\nd2 ?\gh ,!ophra/us attributes ?is to ,p>m5ides1 & ,z5o to ,hesiod4 ,!y say too1 t ,cylon us$ to be a con/ant adv]s>y ( 81 z ,antidicus 0 ( ,socrates4 ,& ?is epigram also us$ to be repeat$1 conc]n+ ,py?agoras ! a?lete3-- ,py?agoras ( ,samos1 son ( ,crates1 ,came :ile a *ild to ! ,olympic games1 ,eag] to battle = ! prize 9 box+4 ,,xxvi4 ,!re is a lett] ( ?is philosoph] extant1 :i* is c\*$ 9 ! foll[+ t]ms3-- ,,py?agoras ,,to ,,anaxim5es4 8,y too1 my mo/ excell5t fri5d1 if y 7 n sup]ior to ,py?agoras1 9 bir? & reputation1 w\ld h migrat$ f ,miletus & gone else:]e4 ,b n[ ! reputation ( y\r fa!r keeps y back1 :i* p]haps w\ld h re/ra9$ me too1 if ,i _h be5 l ,anaxim5es4 ,b if y1 :o are ! mo/ em95t man1 ab&on ! cities1 all _! ornam5ts w be tak5 f !m1 & ! ,m$ian p[] w be m dang]\s to !m4 ,nor is x always seasonable to be /udy+ a/ronomy1 b x is m hon\rable to exhibit a reg>d = "o's c\ntry4 ,& ,i myself am n always occupi$ ab\t speculations ( my own fancy1 b ,i am busi$ also ) ! w>s :i* ! ,italians are wag+ aga9/ "o ano!r40 ,b s9ce we h n[ f9i%$ our acc\nt ( ,py?agoras1 we mu/ also speak ( ! mo/ em95t ( ! ,py?agoreans4 ,aft] :om1 we mu/ m5tion ^? :o are spok5 ( m promiscu\sly 9 connection ) no p>ticul> s*ool2 & !n we w connect ! :ole s]ies ( philosoph]s wor? speak+ (1 till we arrive at ,epicurus1 z we h already promis$4 ,n[ ,telauges & ,!ano we h m5tion$2 & we mu/ n[ speak ( ,emp$ocles1 9 ! fir/ place1 =1 accord+ to "s acc\nts1 he 0 a pupil ( ,py?agoras4 ,,life ,,( ,,emp$ocles4 ,i4 ,emp$ocles1 z ,hippobotus relates1 0 ! son ( ,meton1 ! son ( ,emp$ocles1 & a citiz5 ( ,agrig5tum4 ,& ,timu1 9 ! fifte5? book ( 8 ,hi/ories1 gives ! same acc\nt1 add+ t ,emp$ocles1 ! gr&fa!r ( ! poet1 0 also a mo/ em95t man4 ,& ,h]mippus tells ! same /ory z ,timu2 & 9 ! same _s ,h]aclides1 9 8 treatise on ,diseases1 relates t he 0 ( an illu/ri\s family1 s9ce 8 fa!r br$ a f9e /ud ( horses4 ,era/o!nes1 9 8 ,li/ ( ! ,conqu]ors at ! ,olympic ,games1 says1 t ! fa!r ( ,meton ga9$ ! victory 9 ! sev5ty-fir/ olympiad1 quot+ ,ari/otle z 8 au?ority = ! ass]tion4 ,b ,apollodorus1 ! gramm>ian1 9 8 ,*ronicles1 says t he 0 ! son ( ,meton2 & ,glaucus says t he came to ,?urii :5 ! city 0 only j complet$4 ,& !n proce$+ a little fur!r1 he adds3-- ,& "s relate t he did flee f !nce1 ,& came to ,syracuse1 & on _! side ,did fight 9 horrid w> aga9/ ?' ,a!nians2 ,b ^? m5 seem to me completely wrong-- ,= by ?is "t he mu/ h be5 deceas$1 ,or v old1 :i* is n mu* believ$2 ,= ,ari/otle1 & ,h]aclides too1 ,say t he di$ at sixty ye>s ( age4 ,b c]ta9ly ! p]son :o got ! victory ) a s+le horse 9 ! sev5ty-fir/ olympiad 0 a namesake ( ?is man1 & t x is :i* deceiv$ ,apollodorus z to ! age ( ?is philosoph]4 ,b ,satyrus1 9 8 ,lives1 ass]ts1 t ,emp$ocles 0 ! son ( ,exnetus1 & t he also left a son :o 0 nam$ ,exnetus4 ,& t 9 ! same ,olympiad1 he himself ga9$ ! victory ) ! s+le horse2 & 8 son1 9 wre/l+1 or1 z ,h]aclides says 9 8 ,abridgm5t1 9 runn+4 ,b ,i h f\nd 9 ! ,comm5t>ies ( ,phavor9us1 t ,emp$ocles sacrific$1 & gave z a fea/ to ! spectators ( ! games1 an ox made ( honey & fl\r1 & t he _h a bro!r nam$ ,callicratidas4 ,b ,telauges1 ! son ( ,py?agoras1 9 8 lett]s to ,philolaus1 says t ,emp$ocles 0 ! son ( ,ar*9omus2 & t he 0 a citiz5 ( ,agrig5tum1 he himself ass]ts at ! beg9n+ ( 8 ,purifications4 ,fri5ds1 :o ! mighty citadel inhabit1 ,:i* cr[ns ! gold5 waves ( ,acragas4 ,& ?is is en\gh to say ab\t 8 family4 ,,ii4 ,timu1 9 8 n9? book1 relates t he 0 a pupil ( ,py?agoras1 say+ t he 0 aft]w>ds convict$ ( hav+ divulg$ 8 doctr9es1 9 ! same way z ,plato 01 & !re=e t he 0 =bidd5 f !nce=? to att5d 8 s*ool4 ,& !y say t ,py?agoras himself m5tions him :5 he says3-- ,& 9 t b& !re 0 a le>n$ man ,( wondr\s wisdom2 "o1 :o ( all m5 ,_h ! pr(\nde/ weal? ( intellect4 ,b "s say t :5 ! philosoph] says ?is1 he is ref]r+ to ,p>m5ides4 ,nean!s relates1 t till ! "t ( ,philolaus & ,emp$ocles1 ! ,py?agoreans us$ to admit all p]sons indiscrim9ately into _! s*ool2 b :5 ,emp$ocles made _! doctr9es public by means ( 8 poems1 !n !y made a law to admit no ,epic poet4 ,& !y say t ! same ?+ happ5$ to ,plato2 = t he too 0 exclud$ f ! s*ool4 ,b :o 0 ! tea*] ( ! ,py?agorean s*ool t ,emp$ocles 0 a pupil (1 !y d n say2 =1 z = ! lett] ( ,telauges1 9 :i* he is /at$ to h be5 a pupil ( ,hippasus & ,bront9us1 t is n wor?y ( belief4 ,b ,!ophra/us says t he 0 an imitator & a rival ( ,p>m5ides1 9 8 poems1 = t he too _h deliv]$ 8 op9ions on natural philosophy 9 epic v]se4 ,h]mippus1 h[ev]1 says t he 0 an imitator1 n ( ,p>m5ides1 b ( ,x5ophanes ) :om he liv$2 & t he imitat$ 8 epic /yle1 & t x 0 at a lat] p]iod t he fell 9 ) ! ,py?agoreans4 ,b ,alcidamas1 9 8 ,natural ,philosophy1 says1 t ,z5o & ,emp$ocles 7 pupils ( ,p>m5ides1 ab\t ! same "t2 & t !y subsequ5tly sec$$ f him2 & t ,z5o adopt$ a philosophical sy/em peculi> to himself2 b t ,emp$ocles became a pupil ( ,anaxagoras & ,py?agoras1 & t he imitat$ ! pomp\s demean\r1 & way ( life1 & ge/ures ( ! "o1 & ! sy/em ( ,natural ,philosophy ( ! o!r4 ,,iii4 ,& ,ari/otle1 9 8 ,sophi/1 says t ,emp$ocles 0 ! fir/ p]son :o inv5t$ rhetoric1 & ,z5o ! fir/ p]son :o inv5t$ dialectics4 ,& 9 8 book on ,poetry1 he says1 t ,emp$ocles 0 a man ( ,hom]ic g5ius1 & end[$ ) great p[] ( language1 & a great ma/] ( metaphor1 & a man :o employ$ all ! successful artifices ( poetry1 & also t :5 he _h writt5 sev]al poems1 & among !m "o on ! passage ( ! ,hellespont1 by ,x]xes1 & also ! promium ( a hymn to ,apollo1 8 daught] subsequ5tly burnt !m1 or1 z ,hi]onymus says1 8 si/]1 burn+ ! promium un9t5tionally1 b ! ,p]sian poem on purpose1 because x 0 incomplete4 ,& speak+ g5]ally1 he says t he wrote trag$ies & political treatises4 ,b ,h]aclides1 ! son ( ,s>apion1 says t ! trag$ies 7 ! "w ( "s o!r ,emp$ocles2 & ,hi]onymus says t he _h met ) =ty-?ree4 ,nean!s1 too1 affirms t :5 he 0 a "y man1 he wrote trag$ies1 & t he himself _h subsequ5tly met ) !m2 & ,satyrus1 9 8 ,lives1 /ates t he 0 a physician1 & also a mo/ excell5t orator4 ,& accord+ly1 t ,gorgias1 ( ,leont9i1 0 8 pupil1 a man ( ! greate/ em95ce z a rhetorician1 & "o :o left beh9d him a treatise conta9+ a complete sy/em ( ! art2 & :o1 z we are told by ,apollodorus1 9 8 ,*ronicles1 liv$ to ! age ( a hundr$ & n9e ye>s4 ,,iv4 ,satyrus tells u t he us$ to say t he _h be5 pres5t :5 ,emp$ocles 0 practis+ magic2 & t he pr(esses ?is sci5ce1 & _m o!rs too 9 8 poems :5 he says3-- ,& all ! drugs :i* c relieve disease1 ,or s(t5 ! approa* ( age1 %all be ,reveal$ to y\r inquiries2 ,i d "k !m1 ,& ,i to y alone w !m disclose4 ,y %all re/ra9 ! fi]ce unbridl$ w9ds1 ,:i*1 ru%+ o'er ! e>?1 b[ d[n ! corn1 ,& cru% ! f>m]'s hopes4 ,& :5 y w1 ,y %all recall !m back to sweep ! l&3 ,!n y %all le>n to dry ! ra9y cl\ds1 ,& bid w>m summ] *e] ! he>t ( m54 ,aga91 at y\r behe/1 ! dr\ght %all yield ,to :olesome %['rs3 :5 y give ! ^w ,hell %all re/ore its dead4 ,v4 ,& ,timu1 9 8 eighte5? book1 says1 t ?is man 0 held 9 great e/eem on _m acc\nts2 = t once1 :5 ! etesian gales 7 bl[+ viol5tly1 s z to injure ! crops1 he ord]$ "s asses to be flay$1 & "s bladd]s to be made ( _! hides1 & ^! he plac$ on ! hills & high places to cat* ! w9d4 ,& s1 :5 ! w9d ceas$1 he 0 call$ w9d-=bidd] 774 ,& ,h]aclides1 9 8 treatise on ,diseases1 says t he dictat$ to ,pausanias ! /atem5t :i* he made ab\t ! dead woman4 ,n[ ,pausanias1 z bo? ,ari/ippus & ,satyrus agree1 0 mu* atta*$ to him2 & he d$icat$ to him ! works :i* he wrote on ,natural ,philosophy1 9 ! foll[+ t]ms3-- ,he>1 ,o ,pausanias1 son ( wise ,an*ites4 ,he also wrote an epigram ^u him3-- ,gela1 8 native l&1 does boa/ ! bir? ,( wise ,an*ites' son1 t great physician1 ,s fitly nam$ ,pausanias1#aae f 8 skill2 ,a g5u9e son ( sculapius1 ,:o has /opp$ _m m5 :om fell disease ,m>k$ = its own1 f tread+ ^? d>k pa?s ,:i* lead to ,pros]p9e's inf]nal realms4 ,,vi4 ,! case ( ! dead woman above m5tion$1 ,h]aclides says1 0 some?+ ( ?is sort2 t he kept h] corpse = ?irty days dead1 & yet free f corruption2 on :i* acc\nt he has call$ himself a physician & a prophet1 tak+ x also f ^! v]ses3-- ,fri5ds :o ! mighty citadel inhabit1 ,:i* cr[ns ! gold5 waves ( ,acragas ,vot>ies ( noble actions1 ,hail to ye2 ,i1 an immortal ,god1 no long] mortal1 ,n[ live among y well rev]$ by all1 ,z is my due1 cr[n$ ) holy fillets ,& rosy g>l&s4 ,& :5e'er ,i come ,to weal?y cities1 !n f m5 & wom5 ,due hon\rs meets me2 & cr[ds foll[ me1 ,seek+ ! way :i* leads to ga9ful glory4 ,"s ask = oracles1 & "s entreat1 ,= rem$ies aga9/ all k9ds ( sickness4 ,,vii4 ,& he says t ,agrig5tum 0 a v l>ge city1 s9ce x _h eight hundr$ ?\s& inhabitants2 on :i* acc\nt ,emp$ocles1 see+ ! p imm]s$ 9 luxury1 said1 8,! m5 ( ,agrig5tum devote !mselves :olly to luxury z if !y 7 to die to-morr[1 b !y furni% _! h\ses z if !y 7 to live = ev]40 ,,viii4 ,x is said t ,cleom5es1 ! rhapsodi/1 sung ?is v poem1 call$ ! ,purifications1 at ,olympia2 at lea/ ?is is ! acc\nt giv5 by ,phavor9us1 9 8 ,comm5t>ies4 ,,ix4 ,& ,ari/otle says1 t he 0 a mo/ lib]al man1 & f> remov$ f any?+ l a dom9e]+ _s2 s9ce he con/antly refus$ ! sov]eign p[] :5 x 0 (f]$ to him1 z ,xan?us assures u 9 8 acc\nt ( him1 %[+ pla9ly t he pref]r$ a simple /yle ( liv+4 ,& ,timu tells ! same /ory1 giv+ at ! same "t ! reason :y he 0 s v popul>4 ,= he says t :5 on "o occasion1 he 0 invit$ to a banquet by "o ( ! magi/rates1 ! w9e 0 c>ri$ ab\t1 b ! supp] 0 n s]v$ up4 ,& z e "o else kept sil5ce1 he1 disapprov+ ( :at he saw1 bade ! s]vants br+ 9 ! supp]2 b ! p]son :o _h invit$ him said t he 0 wait+ = ! secret>y ( ! c\ncil4 ,& :5 he came he 0 appo9t$ ma/] ( ! fea/1 at ! in/igation ( ! giv] ( x1 & !n he gave a pla9 intimation ( 8 tyrannical incl9ations1 = he ord]$ all ! gue/s to dr9k1 & ^? :o did n dr9k 7 to h ! w9e p\r$ ov] _! heads4 ,emp$ocles said no?+ at ! mom5t1 b ! next day he summon$ !m be=e ! c\rt1 & procur$ ! execution ( bo? ! ent]ta9] & ! ma/] ( ! fea/4 ,& ?is 0 ! beg9n+ ( 8 political c>e]4 ,& at ano!r "t1 :5 ,acron1 ! physician1 ask$ ( ! c\ncil a place :]e he might erect a monum5t to 8 fa!r1 on acc\nt ( 8 em95ce z a physician1 ,emp$ocles came =w>d & oppos$ any su* grant1 adduc+ _m argum5ts on ! gr\nd ( equality1 & also putt+ ! foll[+ "q3--8,& :at elegy %all we inscribe ^u x8 ,%all we say3-- 8 ' 40#aaf ,b "s give ! second l9e ?us3-- 4 ,& o!rs ass]t t x is ! composition ( ,simonides4 ,b aft]w>ds ,emp$ocles aboli%$ ! assembly ( a ?\s&1 & e/abli%$ a c\ncil 9 :i* ! magi/rates 7 to hold (fice = ?ree ye>s1 on su* a foot+ t x %\ld consi/ n only ( ri* m51 b ( ^? :o 7 fav\r]s ( ! int]e/s ( ! p4 ,timu1 h[ev]1 9 8 fir/ & second book 7= he (t5 m5tions him71 says t he appe>$ to ent]ta9 op9ions adv]se to a republic4 ,&1 z f> z 8 poetry goes1 any "o may see t he 0 arrogant & self-satisfi$4 ,accord+ly1 he says3-- ,hail to ye1 ,i1 an immortal ,god1 no long] mortal1 ,n[ live among y3 ,& s on4 ,b :5 he w5t to ! olympic games he 0 consid]$ a wor?y object ( g5]al att5tion2 s t !re 0 no m5tion made ( any "o else 9 comp>ison ( ,emp$ocles4 ,x4 ,aft]w>ds1 inde$1 :5 ,agrig5tum 0 settl$1 ! desc5dants ( 8 enemies oppos$ 8 return2 on :i* acc\nt he retir$ to ,peloponnesus1 :]e he di$4 ,& ,timon has n let ev5 ,emp$ocles escape1 b satirises him 9 ?is /yle1 say+3-- ,& !n ,emp$ocles1 ! honey$ speak] ,( s(t =5sic spee*es2 he did take ,z _m (fices z he 0 able1 ,creat+ magi/rates :o want$ help]s4 ,b !re are two acc\nts ( ! mann] ( 8 dea?4 ,,xi4 ,= ,h]aclides1 relat+ ! /ory ab\t ! dead woman1 h[ ,emp$ocles got great glory f s5d+ away a dead woman re/or$ to life1 says t he celebrat$ a sacrifice 9 ! field ( ,pisianax1 & t "s ( 8 fri5ds 7 invit$1 among :om 0 ,pausanias4 ,& !n1 aft] ! banquet1 !y lay d[n1 "s go+ a little way (f1 & "s ly+ "u ! trees close by 9 ! field1 & "s :]ev] !y happ5$ to *oose4 ,b ,emp$ocles himself rema9$ 9 ! place :]e he _h be5 sitt+4 ,b :5 day broke1 & !y arose1 he alone 0 n f\nd4 ,& :5 he 0 s\ght =1 & ! s]vants 7 exam9$ & said t !y did n "k1 "o ( !m said1 t at midnight he _h he>d a l\d voice call+ ,emp$ocles2 & t !n he himself rose up & saw a great light f heav51 b no?+ else4 ,& z !y 7 all amaz$ at :at _h tak5 place1 ,pausanias desc5d$ & s5t "s p to look = him2 b aft]w>ds he 0 comm&$ n to busy himself ab\t ! matt]1 z he 0 in=m$ t :at _h happ5$ 0 des]v+ ( ?ankfulness1 & t !y behov$ to sacrifice to ,emp$ocles z to "o :o _h become a ,god4 ,h]mippus says also1 t a woman ( ! "n ( ,pan!a1 a native ( ,agrig5tum1 :o _h be5 giv5 ov] by ! physicians1 0 cur$ by him1 & t x 0 on ?is acc\nt t he celebrat$ a sacrifice2 & t ! gue/s invit$ 7 ab\t eighty 9 numb]4 ,b ,hippobotus says t he rose up & w5t away z if he 7 go+ to m\nt tna2 & t :5 he arriv$ at ! crat] ( fire he leap$ 91 & disappe>$1 wi%+ to e/abli% a belief t he _h become a ,god4 ,b aft]w>ds ! tru? 0 detect$ by "o ( 8 slipp]s hav+ be5 dropp$4 ,= he us$ to we> slipp]s ) braz5 soles4 ,pausanias1 h[ev]1 contradicts ?is /atem5t4#aag ,b ,diodorus1 ( ,ephesus1 writ+ ab\t ,anaxim&]1 says t ,emp$ocles imitat$ him2 indulg+ 9 a tragic sort ( pride1 & we>+ magnific5t app>el4 ,& :5 a pe/il5ce attack$ ! p ( ,sel9us1 by reason ( ! bad smells aris+ f ! adjac5t riv]1 s t ! m5 di$ & ! wom5 bore dead *ildr51 ,emp$ocles contriv$ a plan1 & br\ght into ! same *annel two o!r riv]s at 8 own exp5se2 & s1 by mix+ _! wat]s ) t ( ! o!r riv]1 he sweet5$ ! /ream4 ,& z ! pe/il5ce 0 remov$ 9 ?is way1 :5 ! p ( ,sel9us 7 on "o occasion hold+ a fe/ival on ! bank ( ! riv]1 ,emp$ocles appe>$ among !m2 & !y ris+ up1 (f]$ him adoration1 & pray$ to him z to a ,god4 ,& he1 wi%+ to confirm ?is idea :i* !y _h adopt$ ( him1 leap$ into ! fire4 ,b ,timu contradicts all ^! /ories2 say+ expressly1 t he dep>t$ into ,peloponnesus1 & nev] return$ at all1 on :i* acc\nt ! mann] ( 8 dea? is unc]ta94 ,& he especially d5ies ! tale ( ,h]aclides 9 8 f\r? book2 = he says t ,pisianax 0 a ,syracusan1 & _h no field 9 ! di/rict ( ,agrig5tum2 b t ,pausanias erect$ a monum5t 9 hon\r ( 8 fri5d1 s9ce su* a report _h got ab\t conc]n+ him2 &1 z he 0 a ri* man1 made x a /atue & little *apel1 z "o might erect to a ,god4 8,h[ !n10 adds ,timu1 8c\ld he h leap$ into a crat]1 ( :i*1 ?\gh !y 7 9 ! neighb\rhood1 he _h nev] made any m5tion8 ,he di$ !n 9 ,peloponnesus2 & !re is no?+ extraord9>y 9 !re be+ no tomb ( 8 to be se52 = !re are _m o!r m5 :o h no tomb visible40 ,^! are ! words ( ,timu2 & he adds fur!r1 8,b ,h]aclides is altoge!r a man fond ( /range /ories1 & "o :o w\ld ass]t t a man _h fall5 f ! moon40 ,hippobotus says1 t !re 0 a clo!d /atue ( ,emp$ocles :i* lay =m]ly 9 ,agrig5tum1 b :i* 0 aft]w>ds plac$ 9 front ( ! ,s5ate ,h\se ( ! ,romans dive/$ ( its clo?+1 z ! ,romans _h c>ri$ x (f & erect$ x !re4 ,& !re are traces ( "s inscriptions or reliefs /ill disc]nible on x4 ,nean!s ( ,cyzicus1 :o also wrote ab\t ! ,py?agoreans1 says1 t :5 ,meton 0 dead1 ! se$s ( tyrannical p[] began to appe>2 & t !n ,emp$ocles p]suad$ ! ,agrig5t9es to desi/ f _! facti\s disputes1 & to e/abli% political equality4 ,& besides1 z !re 7 _m ( ! female citiz5s de/itute ( d[ry1 he portion$ !m out ( 8 own private =tune4 ,& rely+ on ^! actions ( 81 he assum$ a purple robe & wore a gold5 circlet on 8 h&1 z ,phavor9us relates 9 ! fir/ book ( 8 ,comm5t>ies4 ,he also wore slipp]s ) braz5 soles1 & a ,delphian g>l&4 ,8 hair 0 let gr[ v long1 & he _h boys to foll[ him2 & he himself always pres]v$ a solemn c\nt5ance1 & a uni=mly grave deportm5t4 ,& he m>*$ ab\t 9 su* /yle1 t he seem$ to all ! citiz5s1 :o met him & :o admir$ 8 deportm5t1 to exhibit a sort ( lik5ess to k+ly p[]4 ,& aft]w>ds1 x happ5$ t z on ! occasion ( "s fe/ival he 0 go+ 9 a *>iot to ,mess5e1 he 0 upset & broke 8 ?igh2 & he 0 tak5 ill 9 consequ5ce1 & s di$1 at ! age ( sev5ty-sev54 ,& 8 tomb is 9 ,meg>a4 ,b z to 8 age1 ,ari/otle diff]s f ?is acc\nt ( ,nean!s2 = he ass]ts t he di$ at sixty ye>s ( age2 o!rs aga9 say1 t he 0 a hundr$ & n9e :5 he di$4 ,he fl\ri%$ ab\t ! eighty-f\r? olympiad4 ,demetrius1 ( ,trz51 9 8 book aga9/ ! ,sophi/s1 reports t1 z ! l9es ( ,hom] say3-- ,he n[1 self-murd]$1 f a beam dep5ds1 ,& 8 mad s\l to blacke/ hell desc5ds4#aah ,b 9 ! lett] ( ,telauges1 :i* has be5 m5tion$ be=e1 x is said t he slipp$ d[n ?r\gh old age1 & fell into ! sea1 & s di$4 ,& ?is is en\gh to say ab\t 8 dea?4 ,!re is also a je/+ epigram ( ours ^u him1 9 our collection ( ,poems 9 all ,metres1 :i* runs ?us3-- ,y too1 ,emp$ocles1 essay$ to purge ,y\r body 9 ! rapid flames1 & drank ,! liquid fire f ! re/less crat]2 ,i say n t y ?rew y\rself at once ,into ! /ream ( tna's fi]y flood4 ,b seek+ to conceal y\rself y fell1 ,& s y met ) un9t5d$ dea?4 ,& ano!r3-- ',tis said ! wise ,emp$ocles did fall ,out ( 8 *>iot1 & s broke 8 ?igh3 ,b if he leapt into ! flames ( tna1 ,h[ c\ld 8 tomb be %[n 9 ,meg>a8 ,,xii4 ,! foll[+ 7 "s ( 8 doctr9es4 ,he us$ to ass]t t !re 7 f\r elem5ts1 fire1 wat]1 e>?1 & air4 ,& t t is fri5d%ip by :i* !y are unit$1 & discord by :i* !y are sep>at$4 ,& he speaks ?us on ?is subject3-- ,bright ,jove1 life-giv+ ,juno1 ,pluto d>k1 ,& ,ne/is1 :o fills mortal eyes ) te>s4 ,mean+ by ,jove fire1 by ,juno ! e>?1 by ,pluto ! air1 & by ,ne/is wat]4 ,& ^! ?+s1 says he1 nev] cease alt]nat+ ) "o ano!r2 inasmu* z ?is arrangem5t is p]petual4 ,accord+ly1 he says subsequ5tly3-- ,sometimes 9 fri5d%ip b\nd !y coalesce1 ,sometimes !y're p>t$ by fell discord's hate4 ,& he ass]ts t ! sun is a va/ assemblage ( fire1 & t x is l>g] ?an ! moon4 ,& ! moon is disk-%ap$2 & t ! heav5 itself is l cry/al2 & t ! s\l inhabits e k9d ( =m ( animals & plants4 ,accord+ly1 he ?us expresses himself4 ,= once ,i 0 a boy1 & once a girl4 ,a bu%1 a bird1 a fi% :o swims ! sea1 ,,xiii4 ,8 writ+s on ,natural ,philosophy & 8 ,purifications ext5d to five ?\s& v]ses2 & 8 ,m$ical ,poem to six hundr$2 & 8 ,trag$ies we h spok5 ( previ\sly4 ,,life ,,( ,,epi*>mus4 ,i4 ,epi*>mus 0 a native ( ,cos1 ! son ( ,helo?ales2 he also 0 a pupil ( ,py?agoras4 ,:5 he 0 ?ree mon?s old he 0 br\ght to ,meg>a1 9 ,sicily1 & f !nce he came to ,syracuse1 z he himself tells u 9 8 writ+s4 ,& on 8 /atue !re is ! foll[+ inscription4 ,z ! bright sun excels ! o!r />s1 ,z ! sea f> exce$s ! riv] /reams3 ,s does sage ,epi*>mus m5 surpass1 ,:om hospitable ,syracuse has cr[n$4 ,,ii4 ,he has left beh9d him ,comm5t>ies 9 :i* he treats ( natural philosophy1 & deliv]s apoph!gms1 & discusses m$ic9e4 ,he has also add$ brief notes to _m ( 8 comm5t>ies1 9 :i* he decl>es pla9ly t he is ! au?or ( ! works4 ,,iii4 ,he di$ at ! age ( n9ety ye>s4 ,,life ,,( ,,ar*ytas4 ,i4 ,ar*ytas 0 a native ( ,t>5tum1 & ! son ( ,mnesagoras2 or1 z ,ari/ox5us relates1 ( ,hi/iu4 ,,ii4 ,he also 0 a ,py?agorean2 & he x 0 :o sav$ ,plato's life by means ( a lett]1 :5 he 0 9 dang] ( be+ put to dea? by ,dionysius4 ,,iii4 ,he 0 a man held 9 v g5]al e/eem on acc\nt ( 8 univ]sal virtue2 & he 0 sev5 times appo9t$ g5]al ( 8 c\ntrym51 :5 no "o else _h ev] held ! (fice = m ?an "o ye>1 z ! law =bade x to be held = a long] p]iod4 ,,iv4 ,plato wrote 8 lett]s to him2 z he _h begun ! correspond5ce by writ+ himself to ,plato1 :i* he did 9 ! foll[+ mann]3-- ,,ar*ytas ,,to ,,plato1 ,,greet+4 8,i am v glad t y h recov]$ f y\r delicate /ate ( heal?2 = y y\rself h s5t me ^w ( y\r recov]y1 & ,lamiscus gives ! same acc\nt4 ,i h be5 mu* occupi$ ) "s comm5t>ies1 & h be5 among ! ,lucanians1 & h met ) ! desc5dants ( ,ocellus4 ,i h n[ 9 my possession1 & ,i s5d to y ! treatises on ,law1 & ,k+ly ,p[]1 & ,piety1 & ! ,creation ( ! ,univ]se4 ,z = ! re/1 ,i h n be5 able to f9d !m1 b :5ev] ,i d f9d any1 ,i w s5d !m to y40 ,?us wrote ,ar*ytas4 ,& ,plato s5t him an answ] 9 ! foll[+ t]ms3-- ,,plato ,,to ,,ar*ytas1 ,,greet+4 8,i 0 exce$+ly glad to receive ! ,comm5t>ies :i* came f y1 & ,i h admir$ _! au?or 9 ! greate/ possible degree2 & he seems to u to be a man wor?y ( 8 anci5t ance/ors4 ,= !y are said to h be5 orig9ally natives ( ,myra2 & to h be5 among ! ,trojans1 :om ,laom$on took ) him1 gallant m51 z ! /ory h&$ d[n by tradition atte/s4 ,z = my ,comm5t>ies :i* y ask me =1 !y are n yet complet$1 b su* z !y are ,i s5d !m to y4 ,& on ! propriety ( tak+ c>e ( su* ?+s we are bo? agre$1 s t ,i h no ne$ to impress any?+ on y on t head4 ,f>ewell40 ,^! !n are ! lett]s :i* ^! philosoph]s wrote to "o ano!r4 ,v4 ,!re 7 f\r p ( ! "n ( ,ar*ytas4 ,! fir/1 ?is man ( :om we are speak+4 ,! second 0 a ,mytil5ean1 a musician4 ,! ?ird wrote a treatise on ,agriculture4 ,! f\r? 0 an epigrammatic poet4 ,"s writ]s also make m5tion ( a fif?1 :o 0 an ar*itect2 & !re is a book on me*anics extant :i* is attribut$ to him2 :i* beg9s 9 ?is way3-- 8,?is is :at ,i he>d f ,teuc]1 ! ,c>?ag9ian40 ,& conc]n+ ! musician1 ! foll[+ /ory is told3 ,t once he 0 reproa*$ = n mak+ himself he>d1 & he repli$1 8,my organ cont5ds on my behalf1 & speaks40 ,,vi4 ,ari/ox5us says1 t ?is ,py?agorean 0 nev] once defeat$ :ile act+ z g5]al4 ,b t z he 0 attack$ by envy1 he once gave up 8 comm&1 & 8 army 0 imm$iately tak5 prison]4 ,,vii4 ,he 0 ! fir/ p]son :o appli$ ma!matical pr9ciples to me*anics1 & r$uc$ !m to a sy/em2 & ! fir/ also :o gave a me?odical impulse to descriptive geometry 9 seek+1 9 ! sections ( a demicyl9d] = a proportional mean1 :i* %\ld enable him to f9d ! d\ble ( a giv5 cube4 ,he 0 also ! fir/ p]son :o ev] gave ! geometrical measure ( a cube1 z ,plato m5tions 9 8 ,republic4 ,,life ,,( ,,alcm,,on4 ,i4 ,alcmon 0 a citiz5 ( ,crotona2 he also 0 a pupil ( ,py?agoras4 ,& ! *ief "p ( 8 writ+s are on m$ical subjects2 b he also at times discusses po9ts ( natural philosophy1 & ass]ts t ! great] "p ( human affairs h two sides4 ,he appe>s to h be5 ! fir/ p]son :o wrote a treatise on ,natural ,philosophy1 z ,phavor9us affirms1 9 8 ,univ]sal ,hi/ory2 & he us$ to argue t ! moon _h ! same nature = ev] :i* %e _h at t mom5t4 ,,ii4 ,he 0 ! son ( ,piri?us1 z he himself /ates at ! beg9n+ ( 8 treatise1 :]e he says1 8,alcmon1 ( ,crotona1 ! son ( ,piri?us1 says ?is to ,bront9us1 & ,leon1 & ,ba?yllus4 ,ab\t ?+s invisible1 & ?+s mortal1 ! ,gods alone h a c]ta9 k2 b m5 may =m conjectures4'''0 ,& s on4 ,he us$ also to say t ! s\l 0 immortal1 & t x 0 9 a /ate ( p]petual motion 9 ! same way z ! sun4 ,,life ,,( ,,hippasus4 ,i4 ,hippasus 0 a citiz5 ( ,metapontum1 & a pupil ( ,py?agoras4 ,,ii4 ,he us$ to say t ! "t ( ! *anges ( ! _w 0 def9ite1 & t ! univ]se also 0 f9ite1 & 9 a /ate ( p]petual motion4 ,,iii4 ,demetrius1 9 8 treatise on ,p ( ! same ,"n1 says t he left no writ+s beh9d him4 ,,iv4 ,!re 7 two p ( ! "n ( ,hippasus2 ?is man1 & ano!r :o wrote an acc\nt ( ! ,con/itution ( ! ,lac$monians1 9 five books4 ,& he 0 himself a ,lac$monian4 ,,life ,,( ,,philolaus4 ,i4 ,philolaus 0 a native ( ,crotona1 & a pupil ( ,py?agoras1 x 0 f him t ,plato wrote to ,dion to take c>e & pur*ase ! books ( ,py?agoras4 ,,ii4 ,& he di$ "u suspicion ( hav+ design$ to seize on ! tyranny2 & we h writt5 an epigram on him3-- ,i say t all m5 ought above all ?+s ,to gu>d aga9/ suspicion4 ,=1 ?\gh innoc5t1 ,/ill if y are suspect$1 y're un=tunate4 ,& ?us 8 native city ( ,crotona ,slew ,philolaus2 = ! jeal\s citiz5s ,?\ght t 8 h\se betray$ a tyrant's purpose4 ,,iii4 ,8 !ory 01 t ev]y?+ 0 produc$ by h>mony & necessity4 ,& he 0 ! fir/ p]son :o affirm$ t ! e>? mov$ 9 a circle2 ?\gh "s attribute ! ass]tion ( ?is pr9ciple to ,icetas ( ,syracuse4 ,,iv4 ,he wrote "o book1 :i* ,h]mippus reports1 on ! au?ority ( "s unkn[n writ]1 t ,plato ! philosoph] pur*as$ :5 he 0 9 ,sicily 7hav+ come ?i!r to ! c\rt ( ,dionysius71 ( ! relations ( ,philolaus1 = =ty ,alex&rian m9 ( silv]2 & t f ?is book he copi$ 8 ,timu4 ,b o!rs say t ,plato receiv$ x z a pres5t1 aft] hav+ obta9$ 8 lib]ty = a "y man1 "o ( ! disciples ( ,philolaus1 :o _h be5 arre/$ by ,dionysius4 ,demetrius1 9 8 treatise on p ( ! same "n1 says t he 0 ! fir/ ( ! ,py?agoreans :o wrote a treatise on ,natural ,philosophy2 & x beg9s ?us3-- 8,b nature 9 ! _w has be5 compos$ ( bodies inf9ite & f9ite1 & s is ! :ole _w & all t is 9 x40 ,,life ,,( ,,eudoxus4 ,i4 ,eudoxus 0 ! son ( s*9es1 & a native ( ,cnidus4 ,he 0 an a/ronom]1 a geometrician1 a physician1 & a lawgiv]4 ,9 geometry he 0 a pupil ( ,ar*ytas1 & 9 m$ic9e ( ,phili/ion1 ! ,sicilian1 z ,callima*us relates 9 8 ,tablets2 & ,sotion1 9 8 ,successions1 ass]ts t he 0 likewise a pupil ( ,plato2 = t1 :5 he 0 tw5ty-?ree ye>s ( age1 & 9 v n>r[ circum/ances1 he came to ,a!ns ) ,!om$on ! physician1 by :om he 0 *iefly support$1 be+ attract$ by ! reputation ( ! ,socratic s*ool4 ,"s say t 8 atta*m5t to ,!om$on 0 cem5t$ by ne>] ties4 ,& :5 he _h arriv$ at ,piru1 he w5t up to ! city e day1 & :5 he _h he>d ! ,sophi/s lecture he return$4 ,& hav+ sp5t two mon?s !re1 he return$ home aga92 & be+ aga9 aid$ by ! contributions ( 8 fri5ds1 he set sail = ,egypt1 ) ,*rysippus ! physician1 be>+ lett]s ( introduction f ,agesilaus to ,nectanabis1 & t he recomm5d$ him to ! prie/s4 ,,ii4 ,& hav+ rema9$ !re a ye> & f\r mon?s1 he %av$ 8 eyebr[s aft] ! mann] ( ! ,egyptian prie/s1 & compos$1 z x is said1 ! treatise call$ ! ,octaet]is4 ,f !nce he w5t to ,cyzicus1 & to ! ,propontis1 9 bo? ( :i* places he liv$ z a ,sophi/2 he also w5t to ! c\rt ( ,mausolus4 ,& !n1 9 ?is mann]1 he return$ aga9 to ,a!ns1 hav+ a great _m disciples ) him1 = ! sake1 z "s say1 ( annoy+ ,plato1 because he _h orig9ally disc>d$ him f 8 s*ool4 ,"s say1 t :5 ,plato gave an ent]ta9m5t on "o occasion1 ,eudoxus1 z ! gue/s 7 v num]\s1 introduc$ ! fa%ion ( sitt+ 9 a semicircle4 ,nicoma*us1 ! son ( ,ari/otle1 affirms t he us$ to say1 t pleasure 0 ! good4 ,,iii4 ,he 0 receiv$ 9 8 own c\ntry ) great hon\rs1 z ! decree t 0 pass$ respect+ him %[s4 ,he 0 also acc\nt$ v illu/ri\s among ! ,greeks1 hav+ giv5 laws to 8 own fell[ citiz5s1 z ,h]mippus tells u 9 ! f\r? book ( 8 acc\nt ( ! ,sev5 ,wise ,m52 & hav+ also writt5 treatises on ,a/ronomy & ,geometry1 & sev]al o!r consid]able works4 ,he _h ?ree daught]s1 ,actis1 ,philtis1 & ,delphis4 ,& ,erato/h5es ass]ts1 9 8 books address$ to ,baton1 t he also compos$ dialogues entitl$ ,dialogues ( ,dogs2 o!rs say t ^! 7 writt5 by "s ,egyptians1 9 _! own language1 & t ,eudoxus translat$ !m1 & publi%$ !m 9 ,greece4 ,"o ( 8 pupils 0 ,*rysippus1 ( ,cnidos1 son ( ,er9eus1 :o le>nt ( him all t he knew ab\t ! ,gods1 & ! _w1 & ! heav5ly bodies2 & :o le>nt m$ic9e f ,phili/ion ! ,sicilian4 ,he also left "s v admirable ,rem9isc5ces4 ,,iv4 ,he _h a son ( ! "n ( ,ari/agoras1 :o 0 ! tea*] ( ,*rysippus1 ! son ( ,a?lius2 he 0 ! au?or ( a "w on ,rem$ies = ! ,eyes1 z speculations on natural philosophy _h come v mu* "u 8 notice4 ,v4 ,!re 7 ?ree p ( ! "n ( ,eudoxus4 ,! fir/1 ?is man ( :om we are speak+2 ! second1 a ,rhodian1 :o wrote hi/ories2 ! ?ird1 a ,siciliot1 a son ( ,aga?ocles1 a comic poet1 :o ga9$ ?ree victories at ! ,dionysia 9 ! city1 & five at ! ,l5a1#aai z ,apollodorus tells u 9 8 ,*ronicles4 ,we also f9d ano!r1 :o 0 a physician ( ,cnidos1 :o is m5tion$ by ?is ,eudoxus1 9 8 ,circuit ( ! ,_w1 :]e he says t he us$ to w>n p to keep con/antly ex]cis+ _! limbs 9 e k9d ( ex]cise1 & _! s5ses too4 ,,vi4 ,! same au?or says1 t ! ,cnidean ,eudoxus fl\ri%$ ab\t ! hundr$ & ?ird olympiad2 & t he 0 ! inv5tor ( ! !ory ( crook$ l9es4 ,& he di$ 9 8 fifty-?ird ye>4 ,b :5 he 0 9 ,egypt ) ,conuphis1 ( ,heliopolis1 ,apis lick$ 8 g>m5t2 & s ! prie/s said t he w\ld be %ort-liv$1 b v illu/ri\s1 z x is report$ by ,phavor9us 9 8 ,comm5t>ies4 ,& we h writt5 an epigram on him1 t runs ?us3-- ',tis said1 t :ile at ,memphis wise ,eudoxus ,le>nt 8 own fate f ?' holy fair-horn$ bull2 ,he said inde$ no ^w1 bulls d n speak ,nor _h k9d nature e'er calf ,apis gift$ ,) an articulately speak+ m\?4 ,b /&+ on "o side he lick'd 8 cloak1 ,%[+ by ?is mo/ pla9ly--9 brief "t ,y %all put (f y\r life4 ,s dea? came soon1 ,:5 he _h j se5 ?ree & fifty times ,! ,pleiads rise to w>n ! m>9]s4 ,& in/ead ( ,eudoxus1 !y us$ to call him ,endoxus1#abj on acc\nt ( ! brilliancy ( 8 reputation4 ,& s9ce we h gone ?r\gh ! illu/ri\s ,py?agoreans1 we mu/ n[ speak ( ! ,promiscu\s philosoph]s1 z !y call !m4 ,& we w fir/ ( all speak ( ,h]aclitus4 ,,book ,,ix4 ,,life ,,( ,,h]aclitus4 ,i4 ,h]aclitus 0 ! son ( ,blyson1 or1 z "s say1 ( ,h]acion1 & a citiz5 ( ,ephesus4 ,he fl\ri%$ ab\t ! sixty-n9? olympiad4 ,,ii4 ,he 0 above all m5 ( a l(ty & arrogant _s1 z is pla9 f 8 writ+s1 9 :i* he says1 8,abundant le>n+ does n =m ! m9d2 = if x did1 x w\ld h in/ruct$ ,hesiod1 & ,py?agoras1 & likewise ,x5ophanes1 & ,hecatu4 ,= ! only piece ( real wisdom is to "k t idea1 :i* by itself w gov]n ev]y?+ on e occasion40 ,he us$ to say1 too1 t ,hom] des]v$ to be expell$ f ! games & beat51 & ,ar*ilo*us likewise4 ,he us$ also to say1 8,x is m necess>y to ext+ui% insol5ce1 ?an to put out a fire40 ,ano!r ( 8 say+s 01 8,! p ought to fight = ! law1 z = _! city40 ,he also attacks ! ,ephesians = hav+ bani%$ 8 companion ,h]modorus1 :5 he says1 8,! ,ephesians des]ve to h all _! y\? put to dea?1 & all ^? :o are y\ng] /ill bani%$ f _! city1 inasmu* z !y h bani%$ ,h]modorus1 ! be/ man among !m1 say+1 #8,let no "o ( u be pre-em95tly good2 & if !re be any su* p]son1 let him g to ano!r city & ano!r p4'0 ,& :5 he 0 reque/$ to make laws = !m1 he refus$1 because ! city 0 already imm]s$ 9 a ?or\ghly bad con/itution4 ,& hav+ retir$ to ! temple ( ,diana ) 8 *ildr51 he began to play at dice2 & :5 all ! ,ephesians flock$ r\nd him1 he said1 8,y wret*es1 :at are y wond]+ at8 is x n bett] to d ?is1 ?an to m$dle ) public affairs 9 y\r company80 ,,iii4 ,& at la/1 becom+ a complete misan?rope1 he us$ to live1 sp5d+ 8 "t 9 walk+ ab\t ! m\nta9s2 fe$+ on grasses & plants1 & 9 consequ5ce ( ^! habits1 he 0 attack$ by ! dropsy1 & s !n he return$ to ! city1 & ask$ ! physicians1 9 a riddle1 :e!r !y 7 able to produce a dr\ght aft] wet wea!r4 ,& z !y did n und]/& him1 he %ut himself up 9 a /able = ox51 & cov]$ himself ) c[-dung1 hop+ to cause ! wet to evaporate f him1 by ! w>m? t ?is produc$4 ,& z he did himself no good 9 ?is way1 he di$1 hav+ liv$ sev5ty ye>s2 & we h writt5 an epigram ^u him :i* runs ?us3-- ,i've (t5 wond]$ mu* at ,h]aclitus1 ,t he %\ld *ose to live s mis]ably1 ,& die by su* a mis]able fate4 ,= fell disease did ma/] all 8 body1 ,) wat] qu5*+ all ! light ( 8 eyes1 ,& br++ d>kness o'er 8 m9d & body4 ,b ,h]mippus /ates1 t :at he ask$ ! physicians 0 ?is1 :e!r any "o c\ld draw (f ! wat] by depress+ 8 inte/9es8 & :5 !y answ]$ t !y c\ld n1 he plac$ himself 9 ! sun1 & ord]$ 8 s]vants to pla/] him ov] ) c[-dung2 & be+ /ret*$ out 9 t way1 on ! second day he di$1 & 0 buri$ 9 ! m>ket-place4 ,b ,nean!s1 ( ,cyzicus says1 t z he c\ld n te> (f ! c[-dung1 he rema9$ !re1 & on acc\nt ( ! alt]ation 9 8 appe>ance1 he 0 n discov]$1 & s 0 dev\r$ by ! dogs4 ,,iv4 ,& he 0 a wond]ful p]son1 f 8 boyhood1 s9ce1 :ile he 0 "y1 he us$ to say t he knew no?+ b :5 he _h gr[n up1 he !n us$ to affirm t he knew ev]y?+4 ,& he 0 no "o's pupil1 b he us$ to say1 t he himself _h inve/igat$ e ?+1 & _h le>n$ ev]y?+ ( himself4 ,b ,sotion relates1 t "s p affirm$ t he _h be5 a pupil ( ,x5ophanes4 ,& t ,ari/on1 /at$ 9 8 acc\nt ( ,h]aclitus1 t he 0 cur$ ( ! dropsy1 & di$ ( "s o!r disease4 ,& ,hippobotus gives ! same acc\nt4 ,v4 ,!re is a book ( 8 extant1 :i* is ab\t nature g5]ally1 & x is divid$ into ?ree disc\rses2 "o on ! ,univ]se2 "o on ,politics2 & "o on ,!ology4 ,& he deposit$ ?is book 9 ! temple ( ,diana1 z "s au?ors report1 hav+ writt5 x int5tionally 9 an obscure /yle1 9 ord] t only ^? :o 7 able m5 might compreh5d x1 & t x might n be expos$ to ridicule at ! h&s ( ! common p4 ,timon attacks ?is man also1 say+3-- ,among !m came t cuckoo ,h]aclitus ,! enigmatical obscure revil] ,( all ! common p4 ,!ophra/us ass]ts1 t x 0 out ( melan*oly t he left "s ( 8 works half f9i%$1 & wrote sev]al1 9 completely diff]5t /yles2 & ,anti/h5es1 9 8 ,successions1 adduces z a pro( ( 8 l(ty _s1 ! fact1 t he yield$ to 8 bro!r ! title & privileges ( royalty4#aba ,& 8 book _h s high a reputation1 t a sect arose 9 consequ5ce ( x1 :o 7 call$ aft] 8 own "n1 ,h]acliteans4 ,,vi4 ,! foll[+ may be set d[n 9 a g5]al mann] z 8 ma9 pr9ciples3 t ev]y?+ is creat$ f fire1 & is dissolv$ into fire2 t ev]y?+ happ5s accord+ to de/9y1 & t all exi/+ ?+s are h>moniz$1 & made to agree toge!r by opposite t5d5cies2 & t all ?+s are full ( s\ls & dmones4 ,he also discuss$ all ! passions :i* exi/ 9 ! _w1 & us$ also to cont5d t ! sun 0 ( t precise magnitude ( :i* he appe>s to be4 ,"o ( 8 say+s too 01 t no "o1 by :atev] road he might travel1 c\ld ev] possibly f9d out ! b\nd>ies ( ! s\l1 s deeply hidd5 are ! pr9ciples :i* regulate x4 ,he us$ also to call op9ion ! sacr$ disease2 & to say t eye-sight 0 (t5 deceiv$4 ,sometimes1 9 8 writ+s1 he expresses himself ) great brilliancy & cle>ness2 s t ev5 ! mo/ /upid man may easily und]/& him1 & receive an elevation ( s\l f him4 ,& 8 concis5ess1 & ! dignity ( 8 /yle1 are incomp>able4 ,9 p>ticul>s1 8 doctr9es are ( ?is k9d4 ,t fire is an elem5t1 & t x is by ! *anges ( fire t all ?+s exi/2 be+ eng5d]$ sometimes by r>ity1 "s times by d5sity4 ,b he expla9s no?+ cle>ly4 ,he also says1 t ev]y?+ is produc$ by contr>iety1 & t ev]y?+ fl[s on l a riv]2 t ! univ]se is f9ite1 & t !re is "o _w1 & t t is produc$ f fire1 & t ! :ole _w is 9 its turn aga9 consum$ by fire at c]ta9 p]iods1 & t all ?is happ5s accord+ to fate4 ,t ( ! contr>ies1 t :i* leads to production is call$ w> & conte/1 & t :i* leads to ! conflagration is call$ h>mony & peace2 t *ange is ! road lead+ upw>d1 & ! road lead+ d[nw>d2 & t ! :ole _w exi/s accord+ to x4 ,= t fire1 :5 d5sifi$ becomes liquid1 & becom+ concrete1 becomes also wat]2 aga91 t ! wat] :5 concrete is turn$ to e>?1 & t ?is is ! road d[n2 aga91 t ! e>? itself becomes fus$1 f :i* wat] is produc$1 & f t ev]y?+ else is produc$2 & !n he ref]s almo/ ev]y?+ to ! evaporation :i* takes place f ! sea2 & ?is is ! road :i* leads upw>ds4 ,also1 t !re are evaporations1 bo? f e>? & sea1 "s ( :i* are bright & cle>1 & "s are d>k2 & t ! fire is increas$ by ! d>k ones1 & ! moi/ure by ! o!rs4 ,b :at ! space :i* surr\nds u is1 he does n expla94 ,he /ates1 h[ev]1 t !re are vessels 9 x1 turn$ ) _! holl[ "p t[>ds u2 9 :i* all ! bright evaporations are collect$1 & =m flames1 :i* are ! />s2 & t ! brighte/ ( ^! flames1 & ! hotte/1 is ! light ( ! sun2 = t all ! o!r />s are f>!r (f f ! e>?2 & t on ?is acc\nt1 !y give less light & w>m?2 & t ! moon is ne>] ! e>?1 b does n move ?r\gh a pure space2 ! sun1 on ! o!r h&1 is situat$ 9 a transp>5t space1 & "o free f all admixture1 pres]v+ a well proportion$ di/ance f u1 on :i* acc\nt x gives u m light & m heat4 ,& t ! sun & moon are eclips$1 :5 ! be=e-m5tion$ vessels are turn$ upw>ds4 ,& t ! diff]5t phases ( ! moon take place e mon?1 z its vessel keeps gradually turn+ r\nd4 ,moreov]1 t day & night1 & mon?s & ye>s1 & ra9s & w9ds1 & ?+s ( t k9d1 all exi/ accord+ to1 & are caus$ by1 ! diff]5t evaporations4 ,= t ! bright evaporation cat*+ fire 9 ! circle ( ! sun causes day1 & ! pr$om9ance ( ! opposite "o causes night2 & aga91 f ! bright "o ! heat is increas$ s z to produce summ]1 & f ! d>k "o ! cold ga9s /r5g? & produces w9t]2 & he also expla9s ! causes ( ! o!r ph5om5a 9 a correspond+ mann]4 ,b ) respect to ! e>?1 he does n expla9 at all ( :at "* x is1 nor does he d s 9 ! case ( ! vessels2 & ^! 7 8 ma9 doctr9es4 ,,vii4 ,n[1 :at 8 op9ion ab\t ,socrates 01 & :at expressions he us$ :5 he met ) a treatise ( 8 :i* ,euripides br\ght him1 accord+ to ! /ory told by ,ari/on1 we h detail$ 9 our acc\nt ( ,socrates4 ,seleucus1 ! gramm>ian1 h[ev]1 says t a man ( ! "n ( ,croton1 9 8 ,div]1 relates t x 0 a p]son ( ! "n ( ,crates :o fir/ br\ght ?is book into ,greece2 & t he said t he want$ "s ,delian div] :o w\ld n be dr[n$ 9 x4 ,& ! book is describ$ "u sev]al titles2 "s call+ x ! ,muses1 "s a treatise on ,nature2 b ,diodotus calls x-- ,a well compact$ helm to lead a man ,/raight ?r\gh ! pa? ( life4 ,"s call x a sci5ce ( morals1 ! arrangem5t ( ! *anges#abb ( unity & ( ev]y?+4 ,,viii4 ,!y say t :5 he 0 ask$ :y he pres]v$ sil5ce1 he said1 8,t y may talk40 ,,ix4 ,d>ius 0 v desir\s to enjoy 8 conv]sation2 & wrote ?us to him3-- ,,k+ ,,d>ius1 ,,! ,,son ,,( ,,hy/aspes1 ,,addresses ,,h]aclitus ,,( ,,ephesus1 ,,! ,,wise ,,man1 ,,greet+ ,,him4 8,y h writt5 a book on ,natural ,philosophy1 difficult to und]/& & difficult to expla94 ,accord+ly1 if 9 "s p>ts x is expla9$ lit]ally1 x seems to disclose a v important !ory conc]n+ ! univ]sal _w1 & all t is conta9$ 9 x1 z !y are plac$ 9 a /ate ( mo/ div9e motion4 ,b commonly1 ! m9d is kept 9 susp5se1 s t ^? :o h /udi$ y\r "w ! mo/1 are n able precisely to dis5tangle ! exact mean+ ( y\r expressions4 ,!re=e1 k+ ,d>ius1 ! son ( ,hy/aspes wi%es to enjoy ! b5efit ( he>+ y disc\rse1 & ( receiv+ "s ,grecian in/ruction4 ,come1 !re=e1 quickly to my sight1 & to my royal palace2 = ! ,greeks1 9 g5]al1 d n accord to wise m5 ! di/9ction :i* !y des]ve1 & disreg>d ! admirable expositions deliv]$ by !m1 :i* are1 h[ev]1 wor?y ( be+ s]i\sly li/5$ to & /udi$2 b ) me y %all h e k9d ( di/9ction & hon\r1 & y %all enjoy e day hon\rable & wor?y conv]sation1 & y\r pupils' life %all become virtu\s1 9 accordance ) y\r precepts40 ,,h]aclitus1 ,,( ,,ephesus1 ,,to ,,k+ ,,d>ius1 ,,! ,,son ,,( ,,hy/aspes1 ,,greet+4 8,all ! m5 t exi/ 9 ! _w1 are f> remov$ f tru? & j deal+s2 b !y are full ( evil fooli%ness1 :i* leads !m to insatiable covet\sness & va9-glori\s ambition4 ,i1 h[ev]1 =gett+ all _! wor?lessness1 & %unn+ satiety1 & :o wi% to avoid all envy on ! "p ( my c\ntrym51 & all appe>ance ( arrogance1 w nev] come to ,p]sia1 s9ce ,i am q cont5t$ ) a little1 & live z be/ suits my own incl9ation40 ,x4 ,?is 0 ! way 9 :i* ! man behav$ ev5 to ! k+4 ,& ,demetrius1 9 8 treatise on ,p ( ! same ,"n1 says t he also despis$ ! ,a!nians1 among :om he _h a v high reputation4 ,& t ?\gh he 0 himself despis$ by ! ,ephesians1 he nev]!less pref]r$ 8 own home4 ,demetrius ,phal]eus also m5tions him 9 8 ,def5ce ( ,socrates4 ,,xi4 ,!re 7 _m p :o und]took to int]pret 8 book4 ,= ,anti/h5es & ,h]aclides1 ,ponticus1 & ,clean!s1 & ,sphrus ! ,/oic2 & besides !m ,pausanias1 :o 0 surnam$ ,h]acliti/es1 & ,nicom$es1 & ,dionysius1 all did s4 ,& ( ! gramm>ians1 ,diodotus und]took ! same task2 & he says t ! subject ( ! book is n natural philosophy1 b politics2 & t all t is said 9 x ab\t natural philosophy1 is only by way ( illu/ration4 ,& ,hi]onymus tells u1 t a man ( ! "n ( ,scy?9us1 an iambic poet1 attempt$ to r5d] ! book into v]se4 ,,xii4 ,!re are _m epigrams extant :i* 7 writt5 ^u him1 & ?is is "o ( !m3-- ,i :o lie "h am ,h]aclitus1 sp>e me ,ye rude unlett]$ m53 ',twas n = y ,t ,i did lab\r1 b = wis] p4 ,"o man may be to me a c\ntless ho/1 ,& an unnumb]$ multitude be no "o2 ,& ?is ,i /ill say 9 ! %ades bel[4 ,& !re is ano!r express$ ?us3-- ,be n too ha/y1 skimm+ o'er ! book ,( ,h]aclitus2 'tis a difficult road1 ,= mi/ is !re1 & d>kness h>d to pi]ce4 ,b if y h a guide :o kn[s 8 sy/em1 ,!n ev]y?+ is cle>] ?an ! sun4 ,,xiii4 ,!re 7 five p ( ! "n ( ,h]aclitus4 ,! fir/ 0 ?is philosoph] ( ours4 ,! second a lyric poet1 :o wrote a panegyrical hymn on ! ,twelve ,gods4 ,! ?ird 0 an ,elegiac poet1 ( ,halic>nassus2 on :om ,callima*us wrote ! foll[+ epigram3-- ,i he>d1 ,o ,h]aclitus1 ( y\r dea?1 ,& ! news fill$ my eyes ) m\rnful te>s1 ,:5 ,i rememb]$ all ! happy h\rs ,:5 we ) talk beguil$ ! sett+ sun4 ,y n[ are du/2 b /ill ! honey$ voice ,( y\r sweet conv]se do? & w survive2 ,nor c fell dea?1 :i* all ?+s else de/roys1 ,lay ^u t 8 ru?less conqu]+ grasp4 ,! f\r? 0 a ,lesbian1 :o wrote a hi/ory ( ,mac$onia4 ,! fif? 0 a man :o bl5d$ je/ ) e>ne/2 & :o1 hav+ be5 a h>p-play]1 ab&on$ t pr(ession = a s]io-comic /yle ( writ+4 ,,life ,,( ,,x5ophanes4 ,i4 ,x5ophanes 0 ! son ( ,dexius1 or1 z ,apollodorus says1 ( ,or?om5es4 ,he 0 a citiz5 ( ,colophon2 & is prais$ by ,timon4 ,accord+ly1 he says3-- ,x5ophanes1 n mu* a slave to vanity1 ,! wise reprov] ( ! tricks ( ,hom]4 ,he1 hav+ be5 bani%$ f 8 own c\ntry1 liv$ at ,zancle1 9 ,sicily1 & at ,catana4 ,,ii4 ,&1 accord+ to ! /atem5ts made by "s p1 he 0 a pupil ( no "o2 b1 z o!rs say1 he 0 a pupil ( ,boton ! ,a!nian2 or1 z ano!r acc\nt aga9 affirms1 ( ,ar*elaus4 ,he 01 if we may believe ,sotion1 a contempor>y ( ,anaxim&]4 ,,iii4 ,he wrote poems 9 hexamet] & 9 elegiac v]se2 & also he wrote iambics aga9/ ,hesiod & ,hom]1 attack+ ! ?+s said 9 _! poems ab\t ! ,gods4 ,he also us$ to recite 8 own poems4 ,x is said likewise1 t he argu$ aga9/ ! op9ions ( ,?ales & ,py?agoras1 & t he also attack$ ,epim5ides4 ,he liv$ to an extreme old age2 z he says some:]e himself3-- ,?reescore & sev5 long ye>s are fully pass$1 ,s9ce fir/ my doctr9es spread abroad ?r\gh ,greece3 ,& 'twixt t "t & my fir/ view ( light ,six lu/res m mu/ add$ be to !m3 ,if ,i am "r at all ab\t my age1 ,lack+ b eight ye>s ( a c5tury4 ,8 doctr9e 01 t !re 7 f\r elem5ts ( exi/+ ?+s2 & an inf9ite numb] ( worlds1 :i* 7 all un*angeable4 ,he ?\ght t ! cl\ds 7 produc$ by ! vap\r :i* 0 borne upw>ds f ! sun1 & :i* lift$ !m up into ! circumambi5t space4 ,t ! ess5ce ( ,god 0 ( a sph]ical =m1 9 no respect resembl+ man2 t ! univ]se c\ld see1 & t ! univ]se c\ld he>1 b c\ld n brea!2 & t x 0 9 all its p>ts intellect1 & wisdom1 & et]nity4 ,he 0 ! fir/ p]son :o ass]t$ t ev]y?+ :i* is produc$ is p]i%able1 & t ! s\l is a _s4 ,he us$ also to say t ! _m 0 inf]ior to unity4 ,also1 t we ought to associate ) tyrants ei!r z little z possible1 or else z pleasantly z possible4 ,:5 ,emp$ocles said to him t ! wise man 0 undiscov]able1 he repli$1 8,v likely2 = x takes a wise man to discov] a wise man40 ,& ,sotion says1 t he 0 ! fir/ p]son :o ass]t$ t ev]y?+ is incompreh5sible4 ,b he is mi/ak5 9 ?is4 ,x5ophanes wrote a poem on ! ,f\nd+ ( ,colophon2 & also1 on ! ,colonisation ( ,elea1 9 ,italy1 consi/+ ( two ?\s& v]ses4 ,& he fl\ri%$ ab\t ! sixtie? olympiad4 ,,iv4 ,demetrius ,phal]eus1 9 8 treatise on ,old ,age1 & ,ph5tius ! ,/oic1 9 8 essay on ,*e]fulness1 relate t he buri$ 8 sons ) 8 own h&s1 z ,anaxagoras _h also done4 ,& he seems to h be5 dete/$#abc by ! ,py?agoreans1 ,p>m5iscus1 & ,ore/ades1 z ,phavor9us relates 9 ! fir/ book ( 8 ,comm5t>ies4 ,v4 ,!re 0 also ano!r ,x5ophanes1 a native ( ,lesbos1 & an iambic poet4 ,^! are ! ,promiscu\s or unatta*$ philosoph]s4 ,,life ,,( ,,p>m5ides4 ,i4 ,p>m5ides1 ! son ( ,pyres1 & a citiz5 ( ,velia1 0 a pupil ( ,x5ophanes4 ,& ,!ophra/us1 9 8 ,abridgm5t1 says t he 0 also a pupil ( ,anaxim&]4 ,h[ev]1 ?\gh he 0 a pupil ( ,x5ophanes1 he 0 n aft]w>ds a foll[] ( 82 b he atta*$ himself to ,am9ias1 & ,dio*aetes ! ,py?agorean1 z ,sotion relates1 :i* la/ 0 a poor b hon\rable & virtu\s man4 ,& he x 0 ^: foll[] he became1 & aft] he 0 dead he erect$ a %r9e1 or 1 9 8 hon\r4 ,& s ,p>m5ides1 :o 0 ( a noble family & possess$ ( consid]able weal?1 0 induc$1 n by ,x5ophanes b by ,am9ias1 to embrace ! tranquil life ( a philosoph]4 ,,ii4 ,he 0 ! fir/ p]son :o ass]t$ t ! e>? 0 ( a sph]ical =m2 & t x 0 situat$ 9 ! c5tre ( ! univ]se4 ,he also taught t !re 7 two elem5ts1 fire & e>?2 & t "o ( !m occupies ! place ( ! mak]1 ! o!r t ( ! matt]4 ,he also us$ to tea* t man 0 orig9ally made out ( clay2 & t !y 7 compos$ ( two p>ts1 ! hot & ! cold2 ( :i*1 9 fact1 ev]y?+ consi/s4 ,ano!r ( 8 doctr9es 01 t ! m9d & ! s\l 7 ! same ?+1 z we are in=m$ by ,!ophra/us1 9 8 ,natural ,philosophy1 :5 he enum]ates ! !ories ( ne>ly all ! diff]5t philosoph]s4 ,he also us$ to say t philosophy 0 ( a tw(old "*2 "o k9d re/+ on c]ta9 tru?1 ! o!r on op9ion4 ,on :i* acc\nt he says "s :]e3 ,& 'twill be ne$ful = y well to "k1 ,! fe>less he>t ( all-conv9c+ tru?3 ,also ! op9ions1 ?\gh less sure1 ( m51 ,:i* re/ ^u no c]ta9 evid5ce4 ,,iii4 ,p>m5ides too philosophizes 9 8 poems2 z ,hesiod & ,x5ophanes1 & ,emp$ocles us$ to4 ,& he us$ to say t argum5t 0 ! te/ ( tru?2 & t ! s5sations 7 n tru/wor?y witnesses4 ,accord+ly1 he says3-- ,let n ! common usages ( m5 ,p]suade y\r bett] taught exp]i5ce1 ,to tru/ to m5's unsafe deceitful sight1 ,or trea*]\s e>s1 or r&om speak+ tongue3 ,reason alone w prove ! tru? ( facts4 ,on :i* acc\nt ,timon says ( him3-- ,! vigor\s m9d ( wise ,p>m5ides1 ,:o classes all ! errors ( ! ?\ghts ,"u va9 phantasies4 ,plato inscrib$ "o ( 8 dialogues ) 8 "n--,p>m5ides1 or an essay on ,ideas4 ,he fl\ri%$ ab\t ! sixty-n9? ,olympiad4 ,he appe>s to h be5 ! fir/ p]son :o discov]$ t ,hesp]us & ,lucif] 7 ! same />1 z ,phavor9us records1 9 ! fif? book ( 8 ,comm5t>ies4 ,"s1 h[ev]1 attribute ?is discov]y to ,py?agoras4 ,& ,callima*us ass]ts t ! poem 9 :i* ?is doctr9e is promulgat$ is n 8 "w4 ,,iv4 ,he is said also to h giv5 laws to 8 fell[-citiz5s1 z ,speusippus records1 9 8 acc\nt ( ! ,philosoph]s4 ,he 0 also ! fir/ employ] ( ! "q call$ ! ,a*illes1#abd z ,phavor9us assures u 9 8 ,univ]sal ,hi/ory4 ,v4 ,!re 0 also ano!r ,p>m5ides1 an orator1 :o wrote a treatise on ! art ( ,oratory4 ,,life ,,( ,,melissus4 ,i4 ,melissus 0 a ,samian1 & ! son ( ,i?ag5es4 ,he 0 a pupil ( ,p>m5ides2 b he also _h conv]s$ ) ,h]aclitus1 :5 he recomm5d$ him to ! ,ephesians1 :o 7 unacqua9t$ ) him1 z ,hippocrates recomm5d$ ,democritus to ! p ( ,abd]a4 ,,ii4 ,he 0 a man greatly occupi$ 9 political affairs1 & held 9 great e/eem among 8 fell[ citiz5s2 on :i* acc\nt he 0 elect$ admiral4 ,& he 0 admir$ /ill m on acc\nt ( 8 private virtues4 ,,iii4 ,8 doctr9e 01 t ! ,univ]se 0 inf9ite1 unsusceptible ( *ange1 immoveable1 & "o1 be+ always l to itself1 & complete2 & t !re 0 no su* ?+ z real motion1 b t !re only appe>$ to be su*4 ,z respect+ ! ,gods1 too1 he d5i$ t !re 0 any occasion to give a def9ition ( !m1 = t !re 0 no c]ta9 k ( !m4 ,,iv4 ,apollodorus /ates t he fl\ri%$ ab\t ! eighty-f\r? olympiad4 ,,life ,,( ,,z5o1 ,,! ,,eleatic4 ,i4 ,z5o 0 a native ( ,velia4 ,apollodorus1 9 8 ,*ronicles1 says t he 0 by nature ! son ( ,teleutagoras1 b by adoption ! son ( ,p>m5ides4 ,,ii4 ,timon speaks ?us ( him & ,melissus3-- ,great is ! /r5g?1 inv9cible ! might ,( ,z5o1 skill$ to argue on bo? sides ,( any "q1 ?' univ]sal critic2 ,& ( ,melissus too4 ,!y rose sup]ior ,to prejudice 9 g5]al2 only yield+ ,to v few4 ,& ,z5o _h be5 a pupil ( ,p>m5ides1 & _h be5 on o!r acc\nts greatly atta*$ to him4 ,,iii4 ,he 0 a tall man1 z ,plato tells u 9 8 ,p>m5ides1 & ! same writ]1 9 8 ,phdrus1 calls him also ! ,eleatic ,palam$es4 ,,iv4 ,ari/otle1 9 8 ,sophi/1 says t he 0 ! inv5tor ( dialectics1 z ,emp$ocles 0 ( rhetoric4 ,& he 0 a man ( ! greate/ nobl5ess ( _s1 bo? 9 philosophy & 9 politics4 ,!re are also _m books extant1 :i* are attribut$ to him1 full ( great le>n+ & wisdom4 ,v4 ,he1 wi%+ to put an end to ! p[] ( ,ne>*es1 ! tyrant 7"s1 h[ev]1 call ! tyrant ,diom$on71 0 arre/$1 z we are in=m$ by ,h]aclides1 9 8 abridgm5t ( ,satyrus4 ,& :5 he 0 exam9$1 z to 8 accomplices1 & z to ! arms :i* he 0 tak+ to ,lip>a1 he nam$ all ! fri5ds ( ! tyrant z 8 accomplices1 wi%+ to make him feel himself alone4 ,& !n1 aft] he _h m5tion$ "s names1 he said t he wi%$ to :isp] some?+ privately to ! tyrant2 & :5 he came ne> him he bit him1 & w\ld n leave 8 hold till he 0 /abb$4 ,& ! same ?+ happ5$ to ,ari/ogiton1 ! tyrant slay]4 ,b ,demetrius1 9 8 treatise on ,p ( ! same ,"n1 says t x 0 8 nose t he bit (f4 ,moreov]1 ,anti/h5es1 9 8 ,successions1 says t aft] he _h giv5 him in=mation aga9/ 8 fri5ds1 he 0 ask$ by ! tyrant if !re 0 any "o else4 ,& he repli$1 8,yes1 y1 ! de/ruction ( ! city40 ,& t he also said to ! by/&]s1 8,i m>vel at y\r c[>dice1 if y submit to be slaves to ! tyrant out ( fe> ( su* pa9s z ,i am n[ endur+40 ,& at la/ he bit (f 8 tongue & spit x at him2 & ! citiz5s imm$iately ru%$ =w>d1 & slew ! tyrant ) /ones4 ,& ?is is ! acc\nt t is giv5 by almo/ e "o4 ,b ,h]mippus says1 t he 0 put into a mort>1 & p\nd$ to dea?4 ,& we ourselves h writt5 ! foll[+ epigram on him3-- ,y\r noble wi%1 ,o ,z5o1 0 to slay ,a cruel tyrant1 free+ ,elea ,f ! h>% bonds ( %ameful slav]y1 ,b y 7 disappo9t$2 = ! tyrant ,p\nd$ y 9 a mort>4 ,i say wrong1 ,he only cru%$ y\r body1 & n y4 ,,vi4 ,& ,z5o 0 an excell5t man 9 o!r respects1 & he 0 also a despis] ( great m5 9 an equal degree ) ,h]aclitus2 = he1 too1 pref]r$ ! t[n :i* 0 =m]ly call$ ,hyele1 & aft]w>ds ,elea1 be+ a colony ( ! ,phocans1 & 8 own native place1 a poor city possess$ ( no o!r importance ?an ! k ( h[ to raise virtu\s citiz5s1 to ! pride ( ! ,a!nians2 s t he did n (t5 visit !m1 b sp5t 8 life at home4 ,,vii4 ,he1 too1 0 ! fir/ man :o ask$ ! "q call$ ,a*illes1#abe ?\gh ,phavor9us attributes its fir/ use to ,p>m5ides1 & sev]al o!rs4 ,,viii4 ,8 *ief doctr9es 71 t !re 7 sev]al worlds1 & t !re 0 no vacuum2 t ! nature ( all ?+s consi/$ ( hot & cold1 & dry & moi/1 ^! elem5ts int]*ang+ _! sub/ances ) "o ano!r2 t man 0 made out ( ! e>?1 & t 8 s\l 0 a mixture ( ! be=e-nam$ elem5ts 9 su* a way t no "o ( !m pr$om9at$4 ,,ix4 ,!y say t :5 he 0 reproa*$1 he 0 indignant2 & t :5 "s "o blam$ him1 he repli$1 8,if :5 ,i am reproa*$1 ,i am n ang]$1 !n ,i %all n be pleas$ :5 ,i am prais$40 ,x4 ,we h already said 9 our acc\nt ( ! ,cittian1 t !re 7 eight ,z5os2 b ?is "o fl\ri%$ ab\t ! sev5ty-n9? olympiad4 ,,life ,,( ,,leucippus4 ,i4 ,leucippus 0 a native ( ,velia1 b1 z "s say1 ( ,abd]a2 &1 z o!rs report1 ( ,melos4 ,,ii4 ,he 0 a pupil ( ,z5o4 ,& 8 pr9cipal doctr9es 71 t all ?+s 7 inf9ite1 & 7 int]*ang$ ) "o ano!r2 & t ! univ]se 0 a vacuum1 & full ( bodies2 also t ! worlds 7 produc$ by bodies fall+ into ! vacuum1 & becom+ entangl$ ) "o ano!r2 & t ! nature ( ! />s orig9at$ 9 motion1 accord+ to _! increase2 also1 t ! sun is borne r\nd 9 a great] circle ar\nd ! moon2 t ! e>? is c>ri$ on revolv+ r\nd ! c5tre2 & t its figure resembles a drum2 he 0 ! fir/ philosoph] :o spoke ( atoms z pr9ciples4 ,,iii4 ,^! are 8 doctr9es 9 g5]al2 9 p>ticul> detail1 !y are z foll[3 he says t ! univ]se is inf9ite1 z ,i h already m5tion$2 t ( x1 "o "p is a pl5um1 & ! o!r a vacuum4 ,he also says t ! elem5ts1 & ! worlds :i* are d]iv$ f !m1 are inf9ite1 & are dissolv$ aga9 into !m2 & t ! worlds are produc$ 9 ?is mann]3 ,t _m bodies1 ( v>i\s k9ds & %apes1 are borne by amputation f ! inf9ite1 into a va/ vacuum2 & !n1 !y be+ collect$ toge!r1 produce "o vortex2 accord+ to :i* !y1 da%+ aga9/ "o ano!r1 & :irl+ ab\t 9 e direction1 are sep>at$ 9 su* a way t l atta*es itself to l4 ,b z !y are all ( equal weight1 :5 by reason ( _! numb] !y are no long] able to :irl ab\t1 ! ?9 ones dep>t into ! out] vacuum1 z if !y b\nd$ ?r\gh1 & ! o!rs rema9 beh9d1 & becom+ entangl$ ) "o ano!r1 run toge!r1 & produce a sort ( sph]ical %ap$ figure4 ,?is subsi/s z a k9d ( membrane2 conta9+ )9 itself bodies ( e k9d2 & z ^! are :irl$ ab\t s z to revolve accord+ to ! resi/ance ( ! c5tre1 ! circumambi5t membrane becomes ?91 s9ce bodies are )\t ceas+1 unit+ accord+ to ! impulse giv5 by ! vortex2 & 9 ?is way ! e>? is produc$1 s9ce ^! bodies :i* h once be5 br\ght to ! c5tre rema9 !re4 ,on ! o!r side1 !re is produc$ ano!r envelop+ membrane1 :i* increases incessantly by ! accretion ( ext]ior bodies2 & :i*1 z x is itself animat$ by a circul> movem5t1 drags ) x1 & adds to itself1 ev]y?+ x meets )2 "s ( ^! bodies ?us envelop$ re-unite aga9 & =m comp\nds1 :i* are at fir/ moi/ & clayey1 b soon becom+ dry1 & be+ drawn on 9 ! univ]sal movem5t ( ! circul> vortex1 !y cat* fire1 & con/itute ! sub/ance ( ! />s4 ,! orbit ( ! sun is ! mo/ di/ant "o2 t ( ! moon is ! ne>e/ to ! e>?2 & betwe5 ! two are ! orbits ( ! o!r />s4 ,all ! />s are set on fire by ! rapidity ( _! own motion2 & ! sun is set on fire by ! />s2 ! moon has only a slight quantity ( fire2 ! sun & ! moon are eclips$ 9 '''#abf 9 consequ5ce ( ! incl9ation ( ! e>? t[>ds ! s\?4 ,9 ! nor? x always sn[s1 & ^? di/ricts are cold1 & are (t5 froz54 ,! sun is eclips$ b seldom2 b ! moon frequ5tly1 because h] orbits are unequal4 ,leucippus admits also1 t ! production ( worlds1 _! increase1 _! dim9ution1 & _! de/ruction1 dep5d on a c]ta9 necessity1 ! "* ( :i* he does n precisely expla94 ,,life ,,( ,,democritus4 ,i4 ,democritus 0 ! son ( ,hegesi/ratus1 b z "s say1 ( ,a!nocrites1 &1 accord+ to o!r acc\nts1 ( ,damasippus4 ,he 0 a native ( ,abd]a1 or1 z x is /at$ by "s au?ors1 a citiz5 ( ,miletus4 ,,ii4 ,he 0 a pupil ( "s ( ! ,magi & ,*aldans1 :om ,x]xes _h left ) 8 fa!r z tea*]s1 :5 he _h be5 hospitably receiv$ by him1 z ,h]odotus in=ms u2#abg & f ^! m5 he1 :ile /ill a boy1 le>n$ ! pr9ciples ( a/ronomy & !ology4 ,aft]w>ds1 8 fa!r entru/$ him to ,leucippus1 & to ,anaxagoras1 z "s au?ors ass]t1 :o 0 =ty ye>s old] ?an he4 ,& ,phavor9us1 9 8 ,univ]sal ,hi/ory1 says t ,democritus said ( ,anaxagoras1 t 8 op9ions ab\t ! sun & moon 7 n 8 own1 b 7 old !ories1 & t he _h /ol5 !m4 ,& t he us$ also to pull to pieces 8 ass]tions ab\t ! composition ( ! _w1 & ab\t m9d1 z he 0 ho/ile to him1 because he _h decl9$ to admit him z a pupil4 ,h[ !n c he h be5 a pupil ( 81 z "s ass]t8 ,& ,demetrius 9 8 treatise on ,p ( ! same ,"n1 & ,anti/h5es 9 8 ,successions1 bo? affirm t he travell$ to ,egypt to see ! prie/s !re1 & to le>n ma!matics ( !m2 & t he proce$$ fur!r to ! ,*aldans1 & p5etrat$ into ,p]sia1 & w5t z f> z ! ,p]sian ,gulf4 ,"s also say t he made acqua9tance ) ! ,gymnosophi/s 9 ,india1 & t he w5t to ?iopia4 ,,iii4 ,he 0 "o ( ?ree bro!rs :o divid$ _! patrimony among !m2 & ! mo/ common /ory is1 t he took ! small] portion1 z x 0 9 money1 because he requir$ money = ! purpose ( travell+2 ?\gh 8 bro!rs suspect$ him ( ent]ta9+ "s trea*]\s design4 ,& ,demetrius says1 t 8 %>e am\nt$ to m ?an a hundr$ tal5ts1 & t he sp5t ! :ole ( x4 ,,iv4 ,he also says1 t he 0 s indu/ri\s a man1 t he cut (f = himself a small portion ( ! g>d5 :i* surr\nd$ 8 h\se1 9 :i* !re 0 a small cottage1 & %ut himself up 9 x4 ,& on "o occasion1 :5 8 fa!r br\ght him an ox to sacrifice1 & fa/5$ x !re1 he = a long "t did n discov] x1 until 8 fa!r hav+ r\s$ him1 on ! pretext ( ! sacrifice1 told him :at he _h done ) ! ox4 ,v4 ,he fur!r ass]ts1 t x is well kn[n t he w5t to ,a!ns1 & z he despis$ glory1 he did n desire to be kn[n2 & t he became acqua9t$ ) ,socrates1 )\t ,socrates kn[+ :o he 04 8,= ,i came10 says he1 8to ,a!ns1 & no "o knew me40 8,if10 says ,?rasylus1 8! ,rivals is really ! "w ( ,plato1 !n ,democritus mu/ be ! anonym\s int]locutor1 :o is introduc$ 9 t dialogue1 besides nopides & ,anaxagoras1 ! "o ,i mean :o1 9 ! conv]sation ) ,socrates1 is argu+ ab\t philosophy1 & :om ! philosoph] tells1 t a philosoph] resembles a conqu]or 9 ! ,p5ta?lum40 ,& he 0 v]itably a ma/] ( five bran*es ( philosophy4 ,= he 0 ?or\ghly acqua9t$ ) physics1 & e?ics1 & ma!matics1 & ! :ole encyclic sy/em1 & inde$ he 0 ?or\ghly exp]i5c$ & skilful 9 e k9d ( art4 ,he x 0 :o 0 ! au?or ( ! say+1 8,spee* is ! %ad[ ( action40 ,b ,demetrius ,phal]eus1 9 8 ,def5ce ( ,socrates1 affirms t he nev] came to ,a!ns at all4 ,& t is a /ill /rang] circum/ance ?an any1 if he despis$ s important a city1 n wi%+ to d]ive glory f ! place 9 :i* he 01 b pref]r+ r himself to inve/ ! place ) glory4 ,,vi4 ,& x is evid5t f 8 writ+s1 :at sort ( man he 04 8,he seems10 says ,?rasylus1 8to h be5 also an admir] ( ! ,py?agoreans40 ,& he m5tions ,py?agoras himself1 speak+ ( him ) admiration1 9 ! treatise :i* is inscrib$ ) 8 "n4 ,& he appe>s to h d]iv$ all 8 doctr9es f him to su* a degree1 t "o w\ld h ?\ght t he _h be5 8 pupil1 if ! diff]5ce ( "t did n prev5t x4 ,at all ev5ts1 ,glaucus1 ( ,rhegium1 :o 0 a contempor>y ( 81 affirms t he 0 a pupil ( "s ( ! ,py?agorean s*ool4 ,& ,apollodorus1 ( ,cyzicus1 says t he 0 intimate ) ,philolaus2 8,he us$ to practise himself10 says ,anti/h5es1 89 te/+ p]ceptions 9 v>i\s mann]s2 sometimes retir+ into solit>y places1 & sp5d+ 8 "t ev5 among tombs40 ,,vii4 ,& he fur!r adds1 t :5 he return$ f 8 travels1 he liv$ 9 a mo/ humble mann]2 l a man :o _h sp5t all 8 prop]ty1 & t on acc\nt ( 8 pov]ty1 he 0 support$ by 8 bro!r ,damasus4 ,b :5 he _h =etold "s future ev5t1 :i* happ5$ z he _h pr$ict$1 & _h 9 consequ5ce become fam\s1 he 0 = all ! re/ ( 8 life ?\ght wor?y ( almo/ div9e hon\rs by ! g5]ality ( p4 ,& z !re 0 a law1 t a man :o _h squ&]$ ! :ole ( 8 patrimony1 %\ld n be all[$ fun]al rites 9 8 c\ntry1 ,anti/h5es says1 t he1 be+ aw>e ( ?is law1 & n wi%+ to be expos$ to ! calumnies ( ^? :o envi$ him1 & w\ld be glad to accuse him1 recit$ to ! p 8 "w call$ ! ,great ,_w1 :i* is f> sup]ior to all 8 o!r writ+s1 & t z a rew>d = x he 0 pres5t$ ) five hundr$ tal5ts2 & n only t1 b he also _h "s braz5 /atues erect$ 9 8 hon\r4 ,& :5 he di$1 he 0 buri$ at ! public exp5se2 aft] hav+ atta9$ ! age ( m ?an a hundr$ ye>s4 ,b ,demetrius says1 t x 0 8 relations :o read ! ,great ,_w1 & t !y 7 pres5t$ ) a hundr$ tal5ts only2 & ,hippobotus co9cides 9 ?is /atem5t4 ,,viii4 ,& ,ari/ox5us1 9 8 ,hi/oric ,comm5t>ies1 says t ,plato wi%$ to burn all ! writ+s ( ,democritus t he 0 able to collect2 b t ,amyclas & ,cle9ias1 ! ,py?agoreans1 prev5t$ him1 z x w\ld d no good2 = t copies ( 8 books 7 already 9 _m h&s4 ,& x is pla9 t t 0 ! case2 = ,plato1 :o m5tions ne>ly all ! anci5t philosoph]s1 n[h]e speaks ( ,democritus2 n ev5 9 ^? passages :]e he has occasion to contradict 8 !ories1 evid5tly1 because he said t if he did1 he w\ld be %[+ 8 disagreem5t ) ! be/ ( all philosoph]s2 a man :om ev5 ,timon praises 9 ! foll[+ t]ms3-- ,l t ,democritus1 wise/ ( m51 ,sage rul] ( 8 spee*2 pr(\nd conv]s]1 ,^: works ,i love to read among ! fir/4 ,,ix4 ,b he 01 accord+ to ! /atem5t made by himself 9 ! ,little ,_w1 a y\? :5 ,anaxagoras 0 an old man1 be+ =ty ye>s y\ng] ?an he 04 ,& he says1 t he compos$ ! ,little ,_w sev5 hundr$ & ?irty ye>s aft] ! capture ( ,troy4 ,& he mu/ h be5 born1 accord+ to ! acc\nt giv5 by ,apollodorus 9 8 ,*ronicles1 9 ! eightie? olympiad2 b1 z ,?rasylus says1 9 8 "w entitl$ ! ,ev5ts1 :i* took place be=e ! read+ ( ! books ( ,democritus1 9 ! ?ird ye> ( ! sev5ty-sev5? olympiad1 be+1 z x is !re /at$1 "o ye> old] ?an ,socrates4 ,he mu/ !re=e h be5 a contempor>y ( ,ar*elaus1 ! pupil ( ,anaxagoras1 & ( nopides1 = he makes m5tion ( ?is lett]4 ,he also speaks ( ! !ories ( ,p>m5ides & ,z5o1 on ! subject ( ! ,"o1 z !y 7 ! m5 ( ! highe/ reputation 9 hi/ories1 & he also speaks ( ,protagoras ( ,abd]a1 :o confess$ly liv$ at ! same "t z ,socrates4 ,x4 ,a!nodorus tells u1 9 ! eigh? book ( 8 ,conv]sations1 t once1 :5 ,hippocrates came to see him1 he ord]$ "s milk to be br\ght2 & t1 :5 he saw ! milk1 he said t x 0 ! milk ( a black goat1 ) h] fir/ kid2 on :i* ,hippocrates m>vell$ at 8 accurate k4 ,also1 z a "y girl came ) ,hippocrates1 on ! fir/ day1 he salut$ h] ?us1 8,good morn+1 my maid20 b on ! next day1 8,good morn+1 woman20 =1 inde$1 %e _h ceas$ to be a maid dur+ ! night4 ,,xi4 ,& ,h]mippus relates1 t ,democritus di$ 9 ! foll[+ mann]3 he 0 exce$+ly old1 & appe>$ at ! po9t ( dea?2 & 8 si/] 0 lam5t+ t he w\ld die dur+ ! fe/ival ( ! ,!smophoria1#abh & s prev5t h] f dis*>g+ h] duties to ! ,goddess2 & s he bade h] be ( good *e]1 & desir$ h] to br+ him hot loaves e day4 ,&1 by apply+ ^! to 8 no/rils1 he kept himself alive ev5 ov] ! fe/ival4 ,b :5 ! days ( ! fe/ival 7 pass$ 7& x la/$ ?ree days71 !n he expir$1 )\t any pa91 z ,hipp>*us assures u1 hav+ liv$ a hundr$ & n9e ye>s4 ,& we h writt5 an epigram ^u him 9 our collection ( poems 9 e metre1 :i* runs ?us3-- ,:at man 0 e'er s wise1 :o ev] did ,s great a de$ z ?is ,democritus8 ,:o kept (f dea?1 ?\gh pres5t = ?ree days1 ,& ent]ta9$ him ) hot /eam ( bread4 ,su* 0 ! life ( ?is man4 ,,xii4 ,n[ 8 pr9cipal doctr9es 7 ^!4 ,t atoms & ! vacuum 7 ! beg9n+ ( ! univ]se2 & t ev]y?+ else exi/$ only 9 op9ion4 ,t ! worlds 7 inf9ite1 creat$1 & p]i%able4 ,b t no?+ 0 creat$ out ( no?+1 & t no?+ 0 de/roy$ s z to become no?+4 ,t ! atoms 7 inf9ite bo? 9 magnitude & numb]1 & 7 borne ab\t ?r\gh ! univ]se 9 endless revolutions4 ,& t ?us !y produc$ all ! comb9ations t exi/2 fire1 wat]1 air1 & e>?2 = t all ^! ?+s are only comb9ations ( c]ta9 atoms2 :i* comb9ations are incapable ( be+ affect$ by ext]nal circum/ances1 & are un*angeable by reason ( _! solidity4 ,also1 t ! sun & ! moon are =m$ by su* revolutions & r\nd bodies2 & 9 l mann] ! s\l is produc$2 & t ! s\l & ! m9d are id5tical3 t we see by ! fall+ ( visions across our sight2 & t ev]y?+ t happ5s1 happ5s ( necessity4 ,motion1 be+ ! cause ( ! production ( ev]y?+1 :i* he calls necessity4 ,! *ief good he ass]ts to be *e]fulness2 :i*1 h[ev]1 he does n consid] ! same z pleasure2 z "s p1 :o h misund]/ood him1 h fanci$ t he meant2 b he und]/&s by *e]fulness1 a condition accord+ to :i* ! s\l lives calmly & /eadily1 be+ di/urb$ by no fe>1 or sup]/ition1 or o!r passion4 ,he calls ?is /ate 1 & 1 & sev]al o!r names4 ,ev]y?+ :i* is made he looks ^u z dep5d+ = its exi/5ce on op9ion2 b atoms & ! vacuum he believes exi/ by nature4 ,^! 7 8 pr9cipal op9ions4 ,,xiii4 ,( 8 books1 ,?rasylus has giv5 a regul> catalogue1 9 ! same way t he has arrang$ ! works ( ,plato1 divid+ !m into f\r classes4 ,n[ ^! are 8 e?ical works4 ,! ,py?agoras2 a treatise on ! ,disposition ( ! ,wise ,man2 an essay on ^? 9 ! ,%ades ,bel[2 ! ,tritog5eia 7?is is s call$ because f ,m9]va ?ree ?+s are d]iv$ :i* hold toge!r all human affairs72 a treatise on ,manly ,c\rage or ,val\r2 ! ,horn ( ,amal!a2 an essay on ,*e]fulness2 a volume ( ,e?ical ,comm5t>ies4 ,a treatise entitl$1 ,= ,*e]fulness1 77 is n f\nd4 ,^! are 8 writ+s on natural philosophy4 ,! ,great ,_w 7:i* ,!ophra/us ass]ts to be ! "w ( ,leucippus72 ! ,little ,_w2 ! ,cosmography2 a treatise on ! ,planets2 ! fir/ book on ,nature2 two books on ! ,nature ( ,man1 or on ,fle%2 an essay on ! ,m9d2 "o on ! ,s5ses 7"s p jo9 ^! two toge!r 9 "o volume1 :i* !y entitle1 on ! ,s\l72 a treatise on ,juices2 "o on ,col\rs2 "o on ! ,diff]5t ,figures2 "o on ! ,*anges ( ,figures2 ! ,cratynt]ia 7t is to say1 an essay1 approv+ ( :at has be5 said 9 prec$+ ones72 a treatise on ,phnom5on1 or on ,provid5ce2 ?ree books on ,pe/il5ces1 or ,pe/il5tial ,evils2 a book ( ,difficulties4 ,^! are 8 books on natural philosophy4 ,8 miscellane\s works are ^!4 ,heav5ly ,causes2 ,arial ,causes2 ,causes affect+ ,plane ,surfaces2 ,causes ref]r+ to ,fire1 & to :at is 9 ,fire2 ,causes affect+ ,voices2 ,causes affect+ ,se$s1 & ,plants1 & ,fruits2 ?ree books ( ,causes affect+ ,animals2 ,miscellane\s ,causes2 a treatise on ! ,magnet4 ,^! are 8 miscellane\s works4 ,8 ma!matical writ+s are ! foll[+4 ,a treatise on ! ,diff]5ce ( ,op9ion1 or on ! ,contact ( ! ,circle & ! ,sph]e2 "o on ,geometry2 "o on ,numb]s2 "o on ,incomm5surable ,l9es1 & ,solids1 9 two books2 a volume call$ ,explanations2 ! ,great ,ye>1 or ! ,a/ronomical ,cal5d>2 a discussion on ! ,clepsydra2 ! ,map ( ! ,heav5s2 ,geography2 ,polography2 ,act9ography1 or a discussion on ,rays ( ,light4 ,^! are 8 ma!matical works4 ,8 works on music are ! foll[+4 ,a treatise on ,rhy?m & ,h>mony2 "o on ,poetry2 "o on ! beauty ( ,epic ,poems2 "o on ,euphoni\s & ,discordant ,lett]s2 "o on ,hom]1 or on ,propriety ( ,diction#abi & ,dialects2 "o on ,song1 "o on ,words2 ! ,onoma/icon4 ,^! are 8 musical works4 ,! foll[+ are 8 works on art4 ,progno/ics2 a treatise on ! ,way ( ,liv+1 call$ also ,ditetics1 or ! ,op9ions ( a ,physician2 ,causes relat+ to ,unfav\rable & ,fav\rable ,opportunities2 a treatise on ,agriculture1 call$ also ! ,georgic2 "o on ,pa9t+2 ,tactics1 & ,fight+ 9 heavy ,arm\r4 ,^! are 8 works on su* subjects4 ,"s au?ors also give a li/ ( "s sep>ate treatises :i* !y collect f 8 ,comm5t>ies4 ,a treatise on ! ,sacr$ ,lett]s se5 at ,babylon2 ano!r on ! ,sacr$ ,lett]s se5 at ,m]oe2 ! ,voyage r\nd ! ,ocean2 a treatise on ,hi/ory2 a ,*aldaic ,disc\rse2 a ,phrygian ,disc\rse2 a treatise on ,fev]2 an essay on ^? :o are attack$ ) ,c\gh aft] illness2 ! ,pr9ciples ( ,laws2 ,?+s made by ,h&1 or ,problems4 ,z to ! o!r books :i* "s writ]s ascrib$ to him1 "s are m]ely extracts f 8 o!r writ+s1 & "s are confess$ly ! "w ( o!rs4 ,& ?is is a suffici5t acc\nt ( 8 writ+s4 ,,xiv4 ,!re 7 six p ( ! "n ( ,democritus4 ,! fir/ 0 ?is man ( :om we are speak+2 ! second 0 a musician ( ,*ios1 :o liv$ ab\t ! same "t2 ! ?ird 0 a sculptor :o is m5tion$ by ,antigonus2 ! f\r? is a man :o wrote a treatise on ! ,temple at ,ephesus1 & on ! city ( ,samo?race2 ! fif? 0 an epigrammatic poet1 ( great p]spicuity & elegance2 ! six? 0 a citiz5 ( ,p]gamus1 :o wrote a treatise on ,oratory4 ,,life ,,( ,,protagoras4 ,i4 ,protagoras 0 ! son ( ,artemon1 or1 z ,apollodorus says 7:i* acc\nt is corroborat$ by ,de9on1 9 8 ,hi/ory ( ,p]sia71 ( ,m&]4 ,he 0 a native ( ,abd]a1 z ,h]aclides ,ponticus tell u1 9 8 treatise on ,laws2 & ! same au?ority in=ms u t he made laws = ! ,?urians4 ,b1 accord+ to ! /atem5t ( ,eupolis1 9 8 ,flatt]]s1 he 0 a native ( ,teos2 = he says3-- ,)9 y'll f9d ,protagoras1 ( ,teos4 ,he1 & ,prodicus ( ,ceos1 us$ to levy contributions = giv+ _! lectures2 & ,plato1 9 8 ,protagoras1 says t ,prodicus _h a v p[]ful voice4 ,,ii4 ,protagoras 0 a pupil ( ,democritus4 ,& he 0 surnam$ ,wisdom1 z ,phavor9us in=ms u 9 8 ,univ]sal ,hi/ory4 ,,iii4 ,he 0 ! fir/ p]son :o ass]t$ t 9 e "q !re 7 two sides to ! argum5t exactly opposite to "o ano!r4 ,& he us$ to employ !m 9 8 argum5ts1 be+ ! fir/ p]son :o did s4 ,b he began some?+ 9 ?is mann]3 8,man is ! measure ( all ?+s3 ( ^? ?+s :i* exi/ z he is2 & ( ^? ?+s :i* d n exi/ z he is n40 ,& he us$ to say t no?+ else 0 s\l except ! s5ses1 z ,plato says1 9 ! ,!tetus2 & t ev]y?+ 0 true4 ,& ano!r ( 8 treatises he beg9s 9 ?is way3 8,conc]n+ ! ,gods1 ,i am n able to "k to a c]ta9ty :e!r !y exi/ or :e!r !y d n4 ,= !re are _m ?+s :i* prev5t "o f kn[+1 especially ! obscurity ( ! subject1 & ! %ortness ( ! life ( man40 ,& on acc\nt ( ?is beg9n+ ( 8 treatise1 he 0 bani%$ by ! ,a!nians4 ,& !y burnt 8 books 9 ! m>ket-place1 call+ !m 9 by ! public cri]1 & compell+ all :o possess$ !m to surr5d] !m4 ,he 0 ! fir/ p]son :o dem&$ paym5t ( 8 pupils2 fix+ 8 *>ge at a hundr$ m94 ,he 0 also ! fir/ p]son :o gave a precise def9ition ( ! p>ts ( "t2 & :o expla9$ ! value ( opportunity1 & :o in/itut$ conte/s ( argum5t1 & :o arm$ ! disputants ) ! weapon ( sophism4 ,he x 0 too :o fir/ left facts out ( consid]ation1 & fa/5$ 8 argum5ts on words2 & :o 0 ! p>5t ( ! pres5t sup]ficial & futile k9ds ( discussion4 ,on :i* acc\nt ,timon says ( him3-- ,protagoras1 t slipp]y argu]1 ,9 disputati\s conte/s fully skill$4 ,he too1 x 01 :o fir/ inv5t$ t sort ( argum5t :i* is call$ ! ,socratic1 & :o fir/ employ$ ! reason+s ( ,anti/h5es1 :i* attempt to e/abli% ! po9t t !y _c be contradict$2 z ,plato tells u 9 8 ,eu?ydemus4 ,he 0 also ! fir/ p]son :o practis$ regul> discussions on set subjects1 z ,artemidorus1 ! dialectician1 tells u 9 8 treatise aga9/ ,*rysippus4 ,he 0 also ! orig9al inv5tor ( ! port]'s pad = m5 to c>ry _! burd5s on1 z we are assur$ by ,ari/otle1 9 8 book on ,education2 = he himself 0 a port]1 z ,epicurus says some:]e or o!r4 ,& x 0 9 ?is way t he became highly ?\ght ( by ,democritus1 :o saw him z he 0 ty+ up "s /icks4 ,he 0 also ! fir/ p]son :o divid$ disc\rse into f\r p>ts2 entreaty1 int]rogation1 answ]1 & injunction3 ?\gh "s writ]s make ! p>ts sev52 n>ration1 int]rogation1 answ]1 injunction1 promise1 entreaty1 & invocation2 & ^! he call$ ! f\ndations ( disc\rse3 b ,alcidamas says t !re are f\r divisions ( disc\rse2 affirmation1 d5ial1 int]rogation1 & invocation4 ,v4 ,! fir/ ( 8 works t he ev] read 9 public 0 ! treatise on ! ,gods1 ! beg9n+ ( :i* we h quot$ above1 & he read ?is at ,a!ns 9 ! h\se ( ,euripides1 or1 z "s say1 9 t ( ,megaclides2 o!rs say t he read x 9 ! ,lyceum2 8 pupil1 ,ar*agoras1 ! son ( ,!odotus1 giv+ him ! aid ( 8 voice4 ,8 accus] 0 ,py?odorus1 ! son ( ,polyzelus1 "o ( ! f\r hundr$2 b ,ari/otle calls him ,eva?lus4 ,,vi4 ,! writ+s ( 8 :i* are /ill extant are ^!3 a treatise on ! ,art ( ,cont5tion2 "o on ,wre/l+2 "o on ,ma!matics2 "o on a ,republic2 "o on ,ambition2 "o on ,virtues2 "o on ! ,orig9al ,condition ( ,man2 "o on ^? 9 ! ,%ades ,bel[2 "o on ! ,?+s :i* are n done prop]ly by ,m52 "o volume ( ,precepts2 "o essay entitl$ ,ju/ice 9 ,plead+ = ,hire2 two books ( ,contradictions4 ,^! are 8 books4 ,plato also address$ a dialogue to him4 ,,vii4 ,philo*orus relates t1 z he 0 sail+ to ,sicily 8 %ip 0 wreck$1 & t ?is circum/ance is allud$ to by ,euripides 9 8 ,ixion2 & "s say t he di$ on 8 j\rney1 be+ ab\t n9ety ye>s old4 ,b ,apollodorus /ates 8 age at sev5ty ye>s1 & says t he 0 a sophi/ =ty ye>s1 & t he fl\ri%$ ab\t ! eighty-f\r? ,olympiad4 ,!re is an epigram ^u him writt5 by myself1 9 ! foll[+ t]ms3-- ,i he> acc\nts ( y1 ,protagoras1 ,t1 travell+ f> f ,a!ns1 on ! road1 ,y1 an old man1 & q infirm1 did die4 ,= ,cecrops' city drove y =? to exile2 ,b y1 ?\gh 'scap+ dread ,m9]va's might1 ,c\ld n escape ! outspread arms ( ,pluto4 ,,viii4 ,x is said t once1 :5 he dem&$ ( ,eva?lus 8 pupil paym5t = 8 lessons1 ,eva?lus said to him1 8,b ,i h nev] be5 victori\s 9 an argum5t20 & he rejo9$1 8,b if ,i ga9 my cause1 !n ,i %\ld naturally receive ! fruits ( my victory1 & s w\ld y obta9 ! fruits ( y\rs40 ,,ix4 ,!re 0 also ano!r ,protagoras1 an a/ronom]1 on :om ,euphorion wrote an elegy2 & a ?ird also1 :o 0 a philosoph] ( ! ,/oic sect4 ,,life ,,( ,,diog5es1 ,,( ,,apollonia4 ,i4 ,diog5es 0 a native ( ,apollonia1 & ! son ( ,apollo!mis1 a natural philosoph] ( high reputation2 & he 01 z ,anti/h5es reports1 a pupil ( ,anaxim5es4 ,he 0 also a contempor>y ( ,anaxagoras1 & ,demetrius ,phal]eus says1 9 8 ,def5ce ( ,socrates1 t he 0 v unpopul> at ,a!ns1 & ev5 9 "s dang] ( 8 life4 ,,ii4 ,! foll[+ 7 8 pr9cipal doctr9es2 t ! air 0 an elem5t2 t ! worlds 7 inf9ite1 & t ! vacuum also 0 inf9ite2 t ! air1 z x 0 cond5s$1 & z x 0 r>ifi$1 0 ! productive cause ( ! worlds2 t no?+ c be produc$ out ( no?+2#acj & t no?+ c be de/roy$ s z to become no?+2 t ! e>? is r\nd1 firmly plant$ 9 ! middle ( ! univ]se1 hav+ acquir$ its situation f ! circumvolutions ( ! hot pr9ciple ar\nd x1 & its consi/5cy f ! cold4 ,! fir/ words ( 8 treatise are3-- 8,x appe>s to me t he :o beg9s any treatise ought to lay d[n pr9ciples ab\t :i* !re c be no dispute1 & t 8 exposition ( !m ought to be simple & dignifi$40 ,,life ,,( ,,anax>*us4 ,i4 ,anax>*us 0 a native ( ,abd]a4 ,he 0 a pupil ( ,diog5es1 ( ,smyrna2 b1 z "s say1 ( ,metrodorus1 ( ,*ios2 :o said t he 0 n ev5 sure t he knew no?+2 & ,metrodorus 0 a pupil ( ,nessus1 ( ,*ios2 ?\gh o!rs ass]t t he 0 a disciple ( ,democritus4 ,,ii4 ,anax>*us too enjoy$ ! intimacy ( ,alex&]1 & fl\ri%$ ab\t ! hundr$ & t5? olympiad4 ,he _h = an enemy ,nicocreon1 ! tyrant ( ,cyprus4 ,& on "o occasion1 :5 ,alex&]1 at a banquet1 ask$ him :at he ?\ght ( ! ent]ta9m5t1 he is said to h repli$1 8,o k+1 ev]y?+ is provid$ v sumptu\sly2 & ! only ?+ want+ is to h ! head ( "s satrap s]v$ up20 h9t+ at ,nicocreon4 ,& ,nicocreon did n =get 8 grudge aga9/ him = ?is2 b aft] ! dea? ( ! k+1 :5 ,anax>*us1 :o 0 mak+ a voyage1 0 driv5 aga9/ 8 w into ,cyprus1 he took him & put him 9 a mort>1 & comm&$ him to be p\nd$ to dea? ) iron pe/les4 ,& !n !y say t he1 disreg>d+ ?is puni%m5t1 utt]$ t celebrat$ say+1 8,beat ! bag ( ,anax>*us1 b y w n beat ,anax>*us himself40 ,& !n1 :5 ,nicocreon comm&$ t 8 tongue %\ld be cut out1 x is said t he bit x (f1 & spit x at him4 ,& we h writt5 an epigram ^u him 9 ! foll[+ t]ms3-- ,beat m & m2 y're beat+ b a bag2 ,beat1 ,anax>*us is 9 heav'n ) ,jove4 ,h]eaft] ,pros]p9e w rack y\r bones1 ,& say1 ,?us p]i%1 y accurs$ beat]4 ,,iii4 ,anax>*us1 on acc\nt ( ! ev5ness ( 8 temp] & ! tranquillity ( 8 life1 0 call$ ! ,happy4 ,& he 0 a man to :om x 0 v easy to reprove m5 & br+ !m to temp]ance4 ,accord+ly1 he produc$ an alt]ation 9 ,alex&] :o ?\ght himself a ,god1 = :5 he saw ! blood fl[+ f "s w\nd t he _h receiv$1 he po9t$ to him ) 8 f+]1 & said1 8,?is is blood1 & n3-- 8,su* /ream z issues f a w\nd$ ,god2 ,pure emanation1 uncorrupt$ flood1 ,unlike our gross1 diseas'd1 t]re/rial blood40#aca ,b ,plut>* says t x 0 ,alex&] himself :o quot$ ^! l9es to 8 fri5ds4 ,!y also tell a /ory t ,anax>*us once drank to him1 & !n %[$ ! goblet1 & said3-- ,%all any mortal h& d>e w\nd a ,god8 ,,life ,,( ,,pyrrho4 ,i4 ,pyrrho 0 a citiz5 ( ,elis1 & ! son ( ,plei/>*us1 z ,diocles in=ms u1 &1 z ,apollodorus 9 8 ,*ronicles ass]ts1 he 0 orig9ally a pa9t]4 ,,ii4 ,& he 0 a pupil ( ,bryson1 ! son ( ,/ilpon1 z we are told by ,alex&] 9 8 ,*ronicles4 ,aft] t he atta*$ himself to ,anax>*us1 & att5d$ him ev]y:]e2 s t he ev5 w5t z f> z ! ,gymnosophi/s1 9 ,india1 & ! ,magi4 ,,iii4 ,ow+ to :i* circum/ance1 he seems to h tak5 a noble l9e 9 philosophy1 introduc+ ! doctr9e ( incompreh5sibility1 & ( ! necessity ( susp5d+ "o's judgm5t1 z we le>n f ,ascanius1 ( ,abd]a4 ,= he us$ to say t no?+ 0 hon\rable1 or disgraceful1 or j1 or unju/4 ,& on ! same pr9ciple he ass]t$ t !re 0 no su* ?+ z d[nright tru?2 b t m5 did ev]y?+ 9 consequ5ce ( cu/om & law4 ,= t no?+ 0 any m ?is ?an t4 ,& 8 life correspond$ to 8 pr9ciples2 = he nev] %unn$ any?+1 & nev] gu>d$ aga9/ any?+2 enc\nt]+ ev]y?+1 ev5 waggons = in/ance1 & precipices1 & dogs1 & ev]y?+ ( t sort2 committ+ no?+ :atev] to 8 s5ses4 ,s t he us$ to be sav$1 z ,antigonus ! ,c>y/ian tells u1 by 8 fri5ds :o accompani$ him4 ,& nesidemus says t he /udi$ philosophy on ! pr9ciple ( susp5d+ 8 judgm5t on all po9ts1 )\t h[ev]1 on any occasion act+ 9 an imprud5t mann]1 or do+ any?+ )\t due consid]ation4 ,& he liv$ to ne>ly n9ety ye>s ( age4 ,,iv4 ,& ,antigonus1 ( ,c>y/us1 9 8 acc\nt ( ,pyrrho1 m5tions ! foll[+ circum/ances respect+ him2 t he 0 orig9ally a p]son ( no reputation1 b a poor man1 & a pa9t]2 & t a picture ( "s camp-be>]s1 ( v mod]ate execution1 0 pres]v$ 9 ! ,gymnasium at ,elis1 :i* 0 8 "w2 & t he us$ to walk out into ! fields & seek solit>y places1 v r>ely appe>+ to 8 family at home2 & t he did ?is 9 consequ5ce ( hav+ he>d "s ,indian reproa*+ ,anax>*us = nev] tea*+ any "o else any good1 b = devot+ all 8 "t to pay+ c\rt to pr9ces 9 palaces4 ,he relates ( him too1 t he always ma9ta9$ ! same demean\r1 s t if any "o left him 9 ! middle ( 8 deliv]y ( a disc\rse1 he rema9$ & cont9u$ :at he 0 say+2 al?\gh1 :5 a "y man1 he 0 ( a v excitable temp]am5t4 ,(t5 too1 says ,antigonus1 he w\ld g away = a "t1 )\t tell+ any "o be=eh&1 & tak+ any *ance p]sons :om he *ose = 8 companions4 ,& once1 :5 ,anax>*us _h fall5 into a pond1 he pass$ by )\t assi/+ him2 & :5 "s "o blam$ him = ?is1 ,anax>*us himself prais$ 8 indiff]5ce & abs5ce ( all emotion4 ,on "o occasion he 0 detect$ talk+ to himself1 & :5 he 0 ask$ ! reason1 he said t he 0 /udy+ h[ to be good4 ,9 8 inve/igations he 0 nev] despis$ by any "o1 because he always spoke explicitly & /raight to ! "q t _h be5 put to him4 ,on :i* acc\nt ,nausiphanes 0 *>m$ by him ev5 :5 he 0 q "y4 ,& he us$ to say t he %\ld l to be end[$ ) ! disposition ( ,pyrrho1 )\t los+ 8 own p[] ( eloqu5ce4 ,& he said too1 t ,epicurus1 :o admir$ ! conv]sation & mann]s ( ,pyrrho1 0 frequ5tly ask+ him ab\t him4 ,v4 ,he 0 s greatly hon\r$ by 8 c\ntry1 t he 0 appo9t$ a prie/2 & on 8 acc\nt all ! philosoph]s 7 exempt$ f taxation4 ,he _h a great _m imitators ( 8 impassiv5ess2 9 ref]5ce to :i* ,timon speaks ?us ( him 9 8 ,py?on1 & 9 8 ,silli3-- ,n[1 y old man1 y ,pyrrho1 h[ c\ld y ,f9d an escape f all ! slavi% doctr9es ,& va9 imag9ations ( ! ,sophi/s8 ,h[ did y free y\rself f all ! bonds ,( sly *icane1 & artful deep p]suasion8 ,h[ came y to neglect :at sort ( breeze ,bl[s r\nd y\r ,greece1 & :at's ! orig9 ,& end ( ev]y?+8 ,& aga91 9 8 ,images1 he says3-- ,^! ?+s1 my he>t1 ,o ,pyrrho1 longs to he>1 ,h[ y enjoy su* ease ( life & quiet1 ,! only man z happy z a ,god4 ,& ! ,a!nians pres5t$ him ) ! fre$om ( _! city1 z ,diocles tells u1 because he _h sla9 ,cotys1 ! ,?racian4 ,,vi4 ,he also liv$ 9 a mo/ blameless mann] ) 8 si/]1 :o 0 a midwife1 z ,erato/h5es relates1 9 8 treatise on ,ri*es & ,pov]ty2 s t he himself us$ to c>ry p\ltry1 & pigs too if he c\ld get any1 into ! m>ket-place & sell !m4 ,& he us$ to clean all ! furniture ( ! h\se )\t express+ any annoyance4 ,& x is said t he c>ri$ 8 indiff]5ce s f> t he ev5 wa%$ a pig4 ,& once1 :5 he 0 v angry ab\t some?+ connect$ ) 8 si/] 7& h] "n 0 ,phili/a71 & "s "o took him up1 he said1 8,! display ( my indiff]5ce does n dep5d on a woman40 ,on ano!r occasion1 :5 he 0 driv5 back by a dog :i* 0 attack+ him1 he said to "s "o :o blam$ him = be+ discompos$1 8,t x 0 a difficult ?+ entirely to put (f humanity2 b t a man ought to /rive ) all 8 p[] to c\nt]act circum/ances ) 8 actions if possible1 & at all ev5ts ) 8 reason40 ,!y also tell a /ory t once1 :5 "s m$ic9es ( a consum+ t5d5cy1 & "s cutt+ & caut]y 0 appli$ to him = "s w\nd1 t he nev] ev5 contract$ 8 br[4 ,& ,timon intimates 8 disposition pla9ly en\gh 9 ! lett]s :i* he wrote to ,py?on4 ,moreov]1 ,philo1 ! ,a!nian1 :o 0 a fri5d ( 81 said t he 0 especially fond ( ,democritus2 & next to him ( ,hom]2 :om he admir$ greatly1 & 0 cont9ually say+3-- ,b z ! race ( fall+ leaves decay1 ,su* is ! fate ( man4#acb ,he us$ also1 z x is said1 to comp>e m5 to wasps1 & flies1 & birds1 & to quote ! foll[+ l9es3-- ,die !n1 my fri5d1 :at boots x to deplore8 ,! great1 ! good ,patroclus is no m4 ,he1 f> ?y bett]1 0 =$oom'd to die2 ,& ?\1 doe/ ?\ bewail mortality8#acc ,& s he w\ld quote any?+ t bore on ! unc]ta9ty & empt9ess & fickl5ess ( ! affairs ( man4 ,posidonius tells ! foll[+ anecdote ab\t him3 t :5 "s p :o 7 sail+ ) him 7 look+ gloomy because ( a /orm1 he kept a calm c\nt5ance1 & com=t$ _! m9ds1 exhibit+ himself on deck eat+ a pig1 & say+ t x became a wise man to pres]ve an untr\bl$ _s 9 t mann]4 ,num5ius is ! only writ] :o ass]ts t he us$ to deliv] positive dogmas4 ,,vii4 ,he _h _m em95t disciples1 & among !m ,eurylo*us1 ( :om ! foll[+ defective *>act]i/ic is relat$2 =1 !y say1 t he 0 once work$ up to su* a pit* ( rage t he took up a spit ) ! meat on x1 & *as$ ! cook z f> z ! m>ket-place4 ,& once 9 ,elis he 0 s h>ass$ by "s p :o put que/ions to him 9 ! middle ( 8 disc\rses1 t he ?rew d[n 8 cloak & swam across ! ,alpheus4 ,he 0 ! greate/ possible enemy to ! ,sophi/s1 z ,timon tells u4 ,b ,philo1 on ! contr>y1 0 v fond ( argu+2 on :i* acc\nt ,timon speaks ( him ?us3-- ,avoid+ m5 to /udy all devot$1 ,he pond]s ) himself1 & nev] he$s ,! glory or disputes :i* h>ass ,philo4 ,besides ^! disciples1 ,pyrrho also _h ,hecateus ( ,abd]a1 & ,timon ! ,phliasian1 :o wrote ! ,silli1 & :om we %all speak ( h]eaft]2 & also ,nausiphanes1 ( ,teos1 :o1 z "s say1 0 ! ma/] ( ,epicurus4 ,,viii4 ,all ^! m5 7 call$ ,pyrrhoneans f _! ma/]2 & also d\bt]s1 & sceptics1 & ephectics1 or susp5d]s ( _! judgm5t1 & inve/igators1 f _! pr9ciples4 ,& _! philosophy 0 call$ inve/igatory1 f _! inve/igat+ or seek+ ! tru? on all sides2 & sceptical f _! be+ always d\bt+ 771 & nev] f9d+2 & ephectic1 f ! disposition :i* !y enc\rag$ aft] inve/igation1 ,i mean ! susp5d+ ( _! judgm5t 772 & d\bt+1 because !y ass]t$ t ! dogmatic philosoph]s only d\bt$1 & t !y did ! same4 ,& !y 7 call$ ,pyrrhoneans f ,pyrrho himself4 ,b ,!odosius1 9 8 ,*apt]s on ,scepticism1 cont5ds1 t we ought n to call ! ,pyrrhonean s*ool sceptical2 = s9ce1 says he1 ! motion & agitation ( ! m9d 9 ea* individual is incompreh5sible to o!rs1 we are unable to "k :at 0 ! disposition ( ,pyrrho2 & if we d n "k x we ought n to be call$ ,pyrrhoneans4 ,he also adds t ,pyrrho 0 n ! orig9al inv5tor ( ,scepticism1 & t he _h no p>ticul> dogma ( any k9d2 & t1 consequ5tly1 x c only be call$ ,pyrrhonism f "s simil>ity4 ,"s say t ,hom] 0 ! orig9al f\nd] ( ?is s*ool2 s9ce he at diff]5t times gives diff]5t acc\nts ( ! same circum/ance1 z mu* z any "o else ev] did2 & s9ce he nev] dogmatizes def9itively respect+ affirmation2 !y also say t ! maxims ( ! sev5 wise m5 7 sceptical2 su* z t1 8,seek no?+ 9 excess10 & t1 8,surety%ip is ne> calamity20 :i* %[s t calamity foll[s a man :o has giv5 positive & c]ta9 surety2 !y also argue t ,ar*ilo*us & ,euripides 7 ,sceptics2 & ,ar*ilo*us speaks ?us3-- ,& n[1 ,o ,glaucus1 son ( ,lept9es1 ,su* is ! m9d ( mortal man1 :i* *anges ,) e day t ,jupit] do? s5d4 ,& ,euripides says3-- ,:y !n d m5 ass]t t wret*$ mortals ,are ) true wisdom gift$2 = on y ,we all dep5d2 & we d ev]y?+ ,:i* pleases y4 ,moreov]1 ,x5ophanes1 & ,z5o ! ,eleatic1 & ,democritus 7 also ,sceptics2 ( :om ,x5ophanes speaks ?us3-- ,& no man kn[s di/9ctly any?+1 ,& no man ev] w4 ,& ,z5o endeav\rs to put an end to ! doctr9e ( motion by say+3 8,! object mov$ does n move ei!r 9 ! place 9 :i* x is1 or 9 t 9 :i* x is n40 ,democritus1 too1 disc>ds ! qualities1 :]e he says3 :at is cold is cold 9 op9ion1 & :at is hot is hot 9 op9ion2 b atoms & ! vacuum exi/ 9 reality4 ,& aga9 he says3 8,b we "k no?+ really2 = tru? lies 9 ! bottom40 ,plato1 too1 foll[+ !m1 attributes ! k ( ! tru? to ! ,gods & to ! sons ( ! ,gods1 & leaves m5 only ! inve/igation ( probability4 ,& ,euripides says3-- ,:o n[ c tell :e!r to live may n ,be prop]ly to die4 ,& :e!r t ,:i* m5 d call to die1 may n 9 tru? ,be b ! entrance into real life8 ,& ,emp$ocles speaks ?us3-- ,^! ?+s are n p]ceptible to sight1 ,nor to ! e>s1 nor compreh5sible ,to human intellect4 ,& 9 a prec$+ passage he says3-- ,believ+ no?+1 b su* circum/ances ,z h befall5 ea*4 ,h]aclitus1 too1 says1 8,let u n =m conjectures at r&om1 ab\t ?+s ( ! greate/ importance40 ,& ,hippocrates deliv]s 8 op9ion 9 a v d\btful mann]1 su* z becomes a man2 & be=e !m all ,hom] has said3-- ,long 9 ! field ( words we may cont5d1 ,reproa* is inf9ite & kn[s no end4 ,& imm$iately aft]3-- ,arm$1 or ) tru? or falsehood1 "r or wrong4 7,s voluble a weapon is ! tongue71 ,w\nd$ we w\nd1 & nei!r side c fail1 ,= e man has equal /r5g? to rail3#acd ,intimat+ ! equal vig\r & anti!tical =ce ( words4 ,& ! ,sceptics p]sev]$ 9 ov]?r[+ all ! dogmas ( e sect1 :ile !y !mselves ass]t$ no?+ dogmatically2 & cont5t$ !mselves ) express+ ! op9ions ( o!rs1 )\t affirm+ any?+ !mselves1 n ev5 t !y did affirm no?+2 s t ev5 disc>d$ all positive d5ial2 = to say1 8,we affirm no?+10 0 to affirm some?+4 8,b we10 said !y1 8enunciate ! doctr9es ( o!rs1 to prove our own p]fect indiff]5ce2 x is j z if we 7 to express ! same ?+ by a simple sign40 ,s ^! words1 8,we affirm no?+10 indicate ! abs5ce ( all affirmation1 j z o!r propositions1 su* z1 8,n m "o ?+ ?an ano!r10 or1 8,e reason has a correspond+ reason oppos$ to x10 & all su* maxims indicate a simil> idea4 ,b ! phrase1 8,n m "o ?+10 c41 has sometimes an affirmative s5se1 indicat+ ! equality ( c]ta9 ?+s1 z = in/ance1 9 ?is s5t5ce1 8,a pirate is n worse ?an a li>40 ,b by ! sceptics ?is is said n positively1 b negatively1 z = in/ance1 :]e ! speak] conte/s a po9t & says1 8,x 0 n ,scylla1 any m ?an x 0 ,*imra40 ,& ! ^w 8m10 itself1 is sometimes us$ to indicate a comp>ison1 z :5 we say1 8,t honey is m sweet ?an grapes40 ,& at o!r times x is us$ positively1 & at ! same "t negatively1 z :5 we say1 8,virtue pr(its u m ?an hurts u20 = 9 ?is phrase we intimate t virtue does pr(it1 & does n hurt u4 ,b ! ,sceptics aboli% ! :ole expression1 8,n m ?an x20 say+1 t 8,prud5ce has n exi/5ce1 any m ?an x has no exi/5ce40 ,accord+ly1 !n1 expression1 z ,timon says 9 8 ,py?on1 indicates no?+ m ?an an abs5ce ( all affirmation1 or ( all ass5t ( ! judgm5t4 ,also ! expression1 8,e reason has a correspond+ reason10 c41 does 9 ! same mann] indicate ! susp5sion ( ! judgm5t2 = if1 :ile ! facts are diff]5t1 ! expressions are equipoll5t1 x foll[s t a man mu/ be q ignorant ( ! real tru?4 ,besides ?is1 to ?is ass]tion !re is a contr>y ass]tion oppos$1 :i*1 aft] hav+ de/roy$ all o!rs1 turns itself aga9/ itself1 & de/roys itself1 resembl+1 z x 71 ^? ca?>tic m$ic9es :i*1 aft] !y h cleans$ ! /oma*1 !n dis*>ge !mselves1 & are got rid (4 ,& s ! dogmatic philosoph]s say1 t all ^! reason+s are s f> f ov]turn+ ! au?ority ( reason t !y confirm x4 ,to ?is ! ,sceptics reply1 t !y only employ reason z an in/rum5t1 because x is impossible to ov]turn ! au?ority ( reason1 )\t employ+ reason2 j z if we ass]t t !re is no su* ?+ z space1 we mu/ employ ! ^w 8space10 b t n dogmatically1 b demon/ratively2 & if we ass]t t no?+ exi/s accord+ to necessity1 x is unavoidable t we mu/ use ! ^w 8necessity40 ,! same pr9ciple ( int]pretation did !y adopt2 = !y affirm$ t facts are n by nature su* z !y appe> to be1 b t !y only seem su*2 & !y said1 t :at !y d\bt is n :at !y ?9k1 = _! ?\ghts are evid5t to !mselves1 b ! reality ( ! ?+s :i* are only made kn[n to !m by _! s5sations4 ,! ,pyrrhonean sy/em1 !n1 is a simple explanation ( appe>ances1 or ( notions ( e k9d1 by means ( :i*1 comp>+ "o ?+ ) ano!r "o arrives at ! conclusion1 t !re is no?+ 9 all ^! notions1 b contradiction & confusion2 z nesidemus says 9 8 ,introduction to ,pyrrhonism4 ,z to ! contradictions :i* are f\nd 9 ^? speculations1 :5 !y h po9t$ out 9 :at way ea* fact is conv9c+1 !y !n1 by ! same means1 take away all belief f x2 = !y say t we reg>d z c]ta91 ^? ?+s :i* always produce simil> impressions on ! s5ses1 ^? :i* are ! (fspr+ ( habit1 or :i* are e/abli%$ by ! laws1 & ^? too :i* give pleasure or excite wond]4 ,& !y prove t ! reasons opposite to ^? on :i* our ass5t is f\nd$ are entitl$ to equal belief4 ,,ix4 ,! difficulties :i* !y sugge/1 relat+ to ! agreem5t subsi/+ betwe5 :at appe>s to ! s5ses1 & :at is compreh5d$ by ! intellect1 divide !mselves into t5 modes ( argum5t1 accord+ to :i* ! subject & object ( our k is incessantly *ang+4 ,& ^! t5 modes ,pyrrho lays d[n 9 ! foll[+ mann]4 ,! fir/ relates to ! diff]5ce :i* "o rem>ks betwe5 ! s5tim5ts ( animals 9 respect ( pleasure1 & pa91 & :at is injuri\s1 & :at is advantage\s2 & f ?is we conclude1 t ! same objects d n always produce ! same impressions2 & t ! fact ( ?is diff]5ce ought to be a reason ) u = susp5d+ our judgm5t4 ,= !re are "s animals :i* are produc$ )\t any sexual connexion1 z ^? :i* live 9 ! fire1 & ! ,arabian ,phnix1 & worms4 ,o!rs aga9 are eng5d]$ by copulation1 z m5 & o!rs ( t k9d2 & "s are compos$ 9 "o way1 & o!rs 9 ano!r2 on :i* acc\nt !y also diff] 9 _! s5ses1 z = in/ance1 hawks are v ke5-sight$2 dogs h a mo/ acute sc5t4 ,x is pla91 !re=e1 t ! ?+s se5 produce diff]5t impressions on ^? animals :i* diff] 9 _! p[] ( sight4 ,s1 too1 "y bran*es are eag]ly eat5 by ! goat1 b are bitt] to mank9d2 & hemlock is nutriti\s = ! quail1 b deadly to man2 & pigs eat _! own dung1 b a horse does n4 ,! second mode ref]s to ! nature & idiosyncracies ( m54 ,accord+ to ,demophon1 ! /ew>d ( ,alex&] us$ to feel w>m 9 ! %ade1 & to %iv] 9 ! sun4 ,& ,&ron1 ! ,argive1 z ,ari/otle tells u1 travell$ ?r\gh ! dry p>ts ( ,libya1 )\t once dr9k+4 ,aga91 "o man is fond ( m$ic9e1 ano!r ( f>m+1 ano!r ( comm]ce2 & ! same pursuits are good = "o man1 & injuri\s to ano!r2 on :i* acc\nt1 we ought to susp5d our op9ions4 ,! ?ird mode1 is t :i* has = its object ! diff]5ce ( ! organs ( s5se4 ,accord+ly1 an apple pres5ts itself to ! sight z yell[1 to ! ta/e z sweet1 to ! smell z fragrant2 & ! same =m is se51 9 v diff]5t lights1 accord+ to ! diff]5ces ( mirrors4 ,x foll[s1 !re=e1 t :at is se5 is j z likely to be some?+ else z ! reality4 ,! f\r? ref]s to ! dispositions ( ! subject1 & ! *anges 9 g5]al to :i* x is liable4 ,su* z heal?1 sickness1 sleep1 wak+1 joy1 grief1 y\?1 old age1 c\rage1 fe>1 want1 abundance1 hatr$1 fri5d%ip1 w>m?1 cold1 eas9ess ( brea?+1 oppression ( ! respiratory organs1 & s on4 ,! objects1 !re=e1 appe> diff]5t to u accord+ to ! disposition ( ! mom5t2 =1 ev5 madm5 are n 9 a /ate contr>y to nature4 ,=1 :y are we to say t ( !m m ?an ( ourselves8 ,= we too look at ! sun z if x /ood /ill4 ,!on1 ( ,ti?ora1 ! ,/oic1 us$ to walk ab\t 9 8 sleep2 & a slave ( ,p]icles' us$1 :5 9 ! same /ate1 to walk on ! top ( ! h\se4 ,! fif? mode is conv]sant ) laws1 & e/abli%$ cu/oms1 & belief 9 my?ical traditions1 & ! conv5tions ( art1 & dogmatical op9ions4 ,?is mode embraces all t relates to vice1 & to hone/y2 to ! true1 & to ! false2 to ! good1 & to ! bad2 to ! ,gods1 & to ! production1 & de/ruction ( all visible objects4 ,accord+ly1 ! same action is j 9 ! case ( "s p1 & unju/ 9 t ( o!rs4 ,& good 9 ! case ( "s1 & bad 9 t ( o!rs4 ,on ?is pr9ciple we see t ! ,p]sians d n ?9k x unnatural = a man to m>ry 8 daught]2 b among ! ,greeks x is unlawful4 ,aga91 ! ,massaget1 z ,eudoxus tells u 9 ! fir/ book ( 8 ,travels ov] ! ,_w1 h _! wom5 9 common2 b ! ,greeks d n4 ,& ! ,cilicians delight 9 piracy1 b ! ,greeks avoid x4 ,s aga91 diff]5t nations wor%ip diff]5t ,gods2 & "s believe 9 ! provid5ce ( ,god1 & o!rs d n4 ,! ,egyptians embalm _! dead1 & !n bury !m2 ! ,romans burn !m2 ! ,ponians ?r[ !m into ! lakes4 ,all ^! consid]ations %[ t we ought to susp5d our judgm5t4 ,! six? mode has ref]5ce to ! promiscu\sness & confusion ( objects2 accord+ to :i* no?+ is se5 by u simply & by itself2 b 9 comb9ation ei!r ) air1 or ) light1 or ) moi/ure1 or ) solidity1 or heat1 or cold1 or motion1 or evaporation or "s o!r p[]4 ,accord+ly1 purple exhibits a diff]5t hue 9 ! sun1 & 9 ! moon1 & 9 a lamp4 ,& our own complexions appe> diff]5t :5 se5 at noonday & at sunset4 ,& a /one :i* "o _c lift 9 ! air1 is easily displac$ 9 ! wat]1 ei!r because x is heavy itself & is made light by ! wat]1 or because x is light 9 itself & is made heavy by ! air4 ,s t we _c positively "k ! peculi> qualities ( any?+1 j z we _c discov] oil 9 o9tm5t4 ,! sev5? mode has ref]5ce to di/ances1 & position1 & space1 & to ! objects :i* are 9 space4 ,9 ?is mode "o e/abli%es ! fact t objects :i* we believe to be l>ge1 sometimes appe> small2 t ^? :i* we believe to be squ>e1 sometimes appe> r\nd2 t ^? :i* we fancy ev51 appe> full ( projections2 ^? :i* we ?9k /raight1 seem b5t2 & ^? :i* we believe to be col\rless1 appe> ( q a diff]5t complexion4 ,accord+ly1 ! sun1 on acc\nt ( its di/ance f u1 appe>s small4 ,! m\nta9s too1 at a di/ance1#ace appe> airy masses & smoo?1 b :5 beheld close1 !y are r\gh4 ,aga91 ! sun has "o appe>ance at 8 rise1 & q a diff]5t "o at midday4 ,& ! same body looks v diff]5t 9 a wood f :at x does on pla9 gr\nd4 ,s too1 ! appe>ance ( an object *anges accord+ to its position z reg>ds u2 = in/ance1 ! neck ( a dove v>ies z x turns4 ,s9ce !n1 x is impossible to view ^! ?+s irrespectively ( place & position1 x is cle> t _! real nature is n kn[n4 ,! eigh? mode has respect to ! magnitudes or quantities ( ?+s2 or to ! heat or coldness1 or to ! spe$ or sl[ness1 or to ! pal5ess or v>iety ( col\r ( ! subject4 ,= in/ance1 a mod]ate quantity ( w9e :5 tak5 invigorates1 b an excessive quantity weak5s4 ,& ! same is ! case ) food1 & o!r simil> ?+s4 ,! n9? dep5ds ^u ! frequ5cy1 or r>ity1 or /rang5ess ( ! ?+ "u consid]ation4 ,= in/ance1 e>?quakes excite no wond] among ^? nations ) :om !y are ( frequ5t occurr5ce2 nor does ! sun1 because he is se5 e day4 ,! n9? mode is call$ by ,phavor9us1 ! eigh?1 & by ,sextus & nesidemus1 ! t5?2 & ,sextus calls ! t5? ! eigh?1 :i* ,phavor9us reckons ! t5? z ! n9? 9 ord]4 ,! t5? mode ref]s to ! comp>ison betwe5 "o ?+ & ano!r2 z1 = in/ance1 betwe5 :at is light & :at is heavy2 betwe5 :at is /rong & :at is weak2 betwe5 :at is great] & :at is less2 :at is above & :at is bel[4 ,= in/ance1 t :i* is on ! "r1 is n on ! "r intr9sically & by nature1 b x is look$ ^u z su* 9 consequ5ce ( its relation to some?+ else2 & if t o!r ?+ be transpos$1 !n x w no long] be on ! "r4 ,9 ! same way1 a man is spok5 ( z a fa!r1 or bro!r1 or relation to "s "o else2 & day is call$ s 9 relation to ! sun3 & ev]y?+ has its di/9ctive "n 9 relation to human ?\ght3 !re=e1 ^? ?+s :i* are kn[n 9 relation to o!rs1 are unkn[n ( !mselves4 ,& ^! are ! t5 modes4 ,x4 ,b ,agrippa adds five o!r modes to !m4 ,"o d]iv$ f ! disagreem5t ( op9ions2 ano!r f ! necessity ( proce$+ ad inf9itum f "o reason+ to ano!r2 a ?ird f relation2 a f\r? f hypo!sis2 & ! la/ f ! reciprocal nature ( pro(s4 ,t :i* ref]s to ! disagreem5t ( op9ions1 %[s t all ! que/ions :i* philosoph]s propose to !mselves1 or :i* p 9 g5]al discuss1 are full ( unc]ta9ty & contradiction4 ,t :i* is d]iv$ f ! necessity ( proce$+ incessantly f "o reason+ to ano!r1 demon/rates t x is impossible = a man ev]1 9 8 rese>*es1 to arrive at und5iable tru?2 s9ce "o tru? is only to be e/abli%$ by ano!r tru?2 & s on1 ad inf9itum4 ,! mode :i* is d]iv$ f relation re/s on ! doctr9e t no object is ev] p]ceiv$ indep5d5tly & entirely by itself1 b always 9 its relation to some?+ else2 s t x is impossible to "k its nature correctly4 ,t :i* dep5ds on hypo!sis is direct$ aga9/ ^? argu]s :o pret5d t x is necess>y to accept ! pr9ciples ( ?+s tak5 absolutely1 & t "o mu/ place "o's fai? 9 !m )\t any exam9ation1 :i* is an absurdity1 = "o may j z well lay d[n ! opposite pr9ciples4 ,! fif? mode1 t "o namely :i* arises f ! reciprocal nature ( pro(s1 is capable ( application :5ev] ! pro( ( ! tru? :i* we are look+ = supposes1 z a necess>y prelim9>y1 our belief 9 t tru?2 = in/ance1 if1 aft] we h prov$ ! porosity ( bodies by _! evaporations1 we return & prove ! evaporations by ! porosity4 ,,xi4 ,^! ,sceptics !n d5y ! exi/5ce ( any demon/ration1 ( any te/ ( tru?1 ( any signs1 or causes1 or motion1 or le>n+1 & ( any?+ z intr9sically or naturally good or bad4 ,= e demon/ration1 say !y1 dep5ds ei!r on ?+s :i* demon/rate !mselves1 or on pr9ciples :i* are indemon/rable4 ,if on ?+s :i* demon/rate !mselves1 !n ^! ?+s !mselves require demon/ration2 & s on ad inf9itum4 ,if on pr9ciples :i* are indemon/rable1 !n1 ! v mom5t t ei!r ! sum total ( ^! pr9ciples1 or ev5 "o s+le "o ( !m1 is incorrectly urg$1 ! :ole demon/ration falls in/antly to pieces4 ,b if any "o supposes1 !y add1 t !re are pr9ciples :i* require no demon/ration1 t man deceives himself /rangely1 n see+ t x is necess>y = him 9 ! fir/ place to e/abli% ?is po9t1 t !y conta9 _! pro( 9 !mselves4 ,= a man _c prove t !re are f\r elem5ts1 because !re are f\r elem5ts4 ,besides1 if p>ticul> pro(s are d5i$ 9 a complex demon/ration1 x mu/ foll[ t ! :ole demon/ration is also incorrect4 ,aga91 if we are to "k t an argum5t is really a demon/rative pro(1 we mu/ h a te/ ( tru?2 & 9 ord] to e/abli% a te/1 we require a demon/rative pro(2 & ^! two ?+s mu/ be devoid ( e k9d ( c]ta9ty1 s9ce !y be> reciprocally ! "o on ! o!r4 ,h[ !n is any "o to arrive at c]ta9ty ab\t obscure matt]s1 if "o is ignorant ev5 h[ "o ought to attempt to prove !m8 ,= :at "o is desir\s to und]/& is n :at ! appe>ance ( ?+s is1 b :at _! nature & ess5ce is4 ,!y %[1 too1 t ! dogmatic philosoph]s act ) great simplicity2 = t ! conclusions :i* !y draw f _! hypo!tical pr9ciples1 are n sci5tific tru?s b m]e suppositions2 & t1 9 ! same mann]1 "o might e/abli% ! mo/ improbable propositions4 ,!y also say t ^? :o pret5d t "o ought n to judge ( ?+s by ! circum/ances :i* surr\nd !m1 or by _! accessories1 b t "o ought to take _! nature itself z "o's guide1 d n p]ceive t1 :ile !y pret5d to give ! precise measure & def9ition ( ev]y?+1 if ! objects pres5t su* & su* an appe>ance1 t dep5ds solely on _! position & relative arrangem5t4 ,!y conclude f !nce1 t x is necess>y to say t ev]y?+ is true1 or t ev]y?+ is false4 ,= if c]ta9 ?+s only are true1 h[ is "o to recognize !m4 ,evid5tly x w n be ! s5ses :i* judge 9 t case ( ! objects ( s5sation1 = all appe>ances are equal to ! s5ses2 nor w x be ! intellect1 = ! same reason4 ,b besides ^! two faculties1 !re does n appe> to be any o!r te/ or crit]ion at all4 ,s1 say !y1 if we desire to arrive at any c]ta9ty ) respect to any object :i* comes "u ei!r s5se or intellect1 we mu/ fir/ e/abli% ^? op9ions :i* are laid d[n previ\sly z be>+ on ^? objects4 ,= "s p h d5i$ ?is doctr9e1 & o!rs h ov]turn$ t2 x is !re=e indisp5sable t !y %\ld be judg$ ( ei!r by ! s5ses or by ! intellect4 ,& ! au?ority ( ea* ( ^! faculties is conte/$2 x is !re=e impossible to =m a positive judgm5t ( ! op]ations ( ! s5ses & ( ! intellect2 & if ! conte/ betwe5 ! diff]5t op9ions1 compels u to a neutrality1 !n ! measure :i* appe>$ prop] to apply to ! appreciation ( all ^? objects is at ! same "t put an end to1 & "o mu/ fix a simil> valuation on ev]y?+4 ,p]haps our oppon5t w say1 8,are !n appe>ances tru/wor?y or deceitful80#acf ,we answ] t1 if !y are tru/wor?y1 ! o!r side has no?+ to object to ^? to :om ! contr>y appe>ance pres5ts itself4 ,=1 z he :o says t su* & su* a ?+ appe>s to him is tru/wor?y1 s also is he :o says t ! contr>y appe>s to him4 ,& if appe>ances are deceitful1 !n !y d n des]ve any confid5ce :5 !y ass]t :at appe>s to !m to be true4 ,we are n b\nd !n to believe t a ?+ is true1 m]ely because x obta9s ass5t4 ,= all m5 d n yield to ! same reasons2 & ev5 ! same individual does n always see ?+s 9 ! same light4 ,p]suasion (t5 dep5ds on ext]nal circum/ances1 on ! au?ority ( ! speak]1 on 8 ability1 on ! elegance ( 8 language1 on habit1 or ev5 on pleasure4 ,!y also1 by ?is tra9 ( reason+1 suppress ! crit]ion ( tru?4 ,ei!r ! crit]ion has be5 decid$ on1 or x has n4 ,& if x has n1 x does n des]ve any confid5ce1 & x _c be ( any use at all 9 aid+ u to disc]n tru? f falsehood4 ,if1 on ! o!r h&1 x has be5 decid$ on1 x !n ent]s into ! class ( p>ticul> ?+s :i* require a crit]ion1 & 9 t case to judge & to be judg$ am\nt to ! same ?+2 ! crit]ion :i* judges is itself judg$ ( by some?+ else1 t aga9 by a ?ird crit]ion1 & s on ad inf9itum4 ,add to ?is1 say !y1 ! fact t p are n ev5 agre$ z to ! nature ( ! crit]ion ( tru?2 "s say t man is ! crit]ion1 o!rs t x is ! s5ses :i* are s3 "o set places reason 9 ! van1 ano!r class rely ^u cataleptic p]ception4 ,z to man himself1 he disagrees bo? ) himself & ) o!rs1 z ! div]sity ( laws & cu/oms proves4 ,! s5ses are deceiv]s1 & reason disagrees ) itself4 ,cataleptic p]ception is judg$ ( by ! intellect1 & ! intellect *anges 9 v>i\s mann]s2 accord+ly1 we c nev] f9d any positive crit]ion1 & 9 consequ5ce1 tru? itself :olly eludes our se>*4 ,!y also affirm t !re are no su* ?+s z signs2 = if !re are signs1 !y argue !y mu/ be su* z are appreh5d$ ei!r by ! s5ses or by ! intellect4 ,n[1 !re are none :i* are appreh5d$ by ! s5ses1 = ev]y?+ :i* is appreh5d$ by ! s5ses is g5]al1 :ile a sign is some?+ p>ticul>4 ,moreov]1 any object :i* is appreh5d$ by ! s5ses has an exi/5ce ( its own1 :ile signs are only relative4 ,aga91 signs are n appreh5d$ by ! intellect1 = 9 t case !y w\ld be ei!r ! visible manife/ation ( a visible ?+1 or ! invisible manife/ation ( an invisible ?+1 or ! invisible sign ( a visible ?+2 or ! visible sign ( an invisible ?+4 ,b none ( all ^! cases are possible2 !re are !re=e no su* ?+s z signs at all4 ,!re is !re=e no su* ?+ z a visible sign ( a visible ?+2 = t :i* is visible has no ne$ ( a sign4 ,nor1 aga91 is !re any invisible sign ( an invisible ?+2 = :5 any?+ is manife/$ by means ( ano!r ?+1 x mu/ become visible4 ,on ! same pr9ciple !re is no invisible sign ( a visible object2 = t :i* aids 9 ! p]ception ( some?+ else mu/ be visible4 ,la/ly1 !re is no visible manife/ation ( an invisible ?+2 = z a sign is some?+ :olly relative1 x mu/ be p]ceiv$ 9 t ( :i* x is ! sign2 & t is n ! case4 ,x foll[s1 !re=e1 t none ( ^? ?+s :i* are n visible 9 !mselves admit ( be+ p]ceiv$2 = "o consid]s signs z ?+s :i* aid 9 ! p]ception ( t :i* is n evid5t by itself4 ,!y also :olly disc>d1 &1 z f> z dep5ds on !m1 ov]turn ! idea ( any cause1 by means ( ?is same tra9 ( reason+4 ,cause is some?+ relative4 ,x is relative to t ( :i* x is ! cause4 ,b t :i* is relative is only conceiv$1 & has no real exi/5ce4 ,! idea ( a cause !n is a pure conception2 =1 inasmu* z x is a cause1 x mu/ be a cause ( some?+2 o!rwise x w\ld be no cause at all4 ,9 ! same way z a fa!r _c be a fa!r1 unless !re exi/s "s be+ 9 respect ( :om "o gives him ! title ( fa!r2 s too a cause /&s on ! same gr\nd4 ,=1 suppos+ t no?+ exi/s relatively to :i* a cause c be spok5 (2 !n1 z !re is no production1 or de/ruction1 or any?+ ( t sort1 !re c likewise be no cause4 ,h[ev]1 let u admit t !re are su* ?+s z causes4 ,9 t case !n1 ei!r a body mu/ be ! cause ( a body1 or t :i* is incorporeal mu/ be ! cause ( t :i* is incorporeal4 ,n[1 nei!r ( ^! cases is possible1 !re=e1 !re is no su* ?+ z cause4 ,9 fact1 "o body _c be ! cause ( ano!r body1 s9ce bo? bodies mu/ h ! same nature2 & if x be said t "o is ! cause1 inasmu* z x is a body1 !n ! o!r mu/ be a cause = ! same reason4 ,& 9 t case "o w\ld h two reciprocal causes2 two ag5ts )\t any passive subject4 ,aga91 "o incorporeal ?+ _c be ! cause ( ano!r incorporeal ?+ = ! same reason4 ,also1 an incorporeal ?+ _c be ! cause ( a body1 because no?+ t is incorporeal c produce a body4 ,nor1 on ! o!r h&1 c a body be ! cause ( any?+ incorporeal1 because 9 e production !re mu/ be "s passive subject matt]2 b1 z :at is incorporeal is by its own nature protect$ f be+ a passive subject1 x _c be ! object ( any productive p[]4 ,!re is1 !re=e1 no su* ?+ z any cause at all4 ,f all :i* x foll[s1 t ! fir/ pr9ciples ( all ?+s h no reality2 = su* a pr9ciple1 if x did exi/1 mu/ be bo? ! ag5t & ! effici5t cause4 ,aga91 !re is no su* ?+ z motion4 ,= :atev] is mov$1 is mov$ ei!r 9 ! place 9 :i* x is1 or 9 t 9 :i* x is n4 ,x c]ta9ly is n mov$ 9 ! place 9 :i* x is1 & x is impossible t x %\ld be mov$ 9 ! place 9 :i* x is n2 !re=e1 !re is no su* ?+ z motion at all4 ,!y also d5i$ ! exi/5ce ( all le>n+4 ,if1 said !y1 any?+ is taught1 !n ei!r t :i* does exi/ is taught 9 its exi/5ce or t :i* does n exi/ is taught 9 its non-exi/5ce2 b t :i* does exi/ is n taught 9 its exi/5ce 7= ! nature ( all exi/5t ?+s is visible to all m51 & is kn[n by all m572 nor is t :i* does n exi/ taught 9 its non-exi/5ce1 = no?+ c happ5 to t :i* does n exi/1 s t to be taught _c happ5 to x4 ,nor aga91 say !y1 is !re any su* ?+ z production4 ,= t :i* is1 is n produc$1 = x exi/s already2 nor t :i* is n1 = t does n exi/ at all4 ,& t :i* has no be+ nor exi/5ce at all1 _c be produc$4 ,ano!r ( _! doctr9es is1 t !re is no su* ?+ z any natural good1 or natural evil4 ,= if !re be any natural good1 or natural evil1 !n x mu/ be good to ev]yone1 or evil to ev]yone2 j z sn[ is cold to ev]yone4 ,b !re is no su* ?+ z "o g5]al good or evil :i* is common to all be+s2 !re=e1 !re is no su* ?+ z any natural good1 or natural evil4 ,= ei!r "o mu/ pron\nce ev]y?+ good :i* is ?\ght s by anyone :atev]1 or "o mu/ say t x does n foll[ t ev]y?+ :i* is ?\ght good is good4 ,n[1 we _c say t ev]y?+ :i* is ?\ght good is good1 s9ce ! same ?+ is ?\ght good by "o p]son 7z1 = in/ance1 pleasure is ?\ght good by ,epicurus7 & evil by ano!r 7z x is ?\ght evil by ,anti/h5es72 & on ?is pr9ciple ! same ?+ w be bo? good & evil4 ,if1 aga91 we ass]t t x does n foll[ t ev]y?+ :i* is ?\ght good is good1 !n we mu/ di/+ui% betwe5 ! diff]5t op9ions2 :i* x is n possible to d by reason ( ! equality ( ! reasons adduc$ 9 support ( !m4 ,x foll[s t we _c recognize any?+ z good by nature4 ,& we may also take a view ( ! :ole ( _! sy/em by ! writ+s :i* "s ( !m h left beh9d !m4 ,pyrrho himself has left no?+2 b 8 fri5ds ,timon1 & nesidemus1 & ,num5ius1 & ,nausiphanes1 & o!rs ( t class h left books4 ,& ! dogmatical philosoph]s argu+ aga9/ !m1 say t !y also adopt spuri\s & pron\nce positive dogmas4 ,= :]e !y ?9k t !y are refut+ o!rs !y are convict$1 = 9 ! v act ( refutation1 !y ass]t positively & dogmatize4 ,= :5 !y say t !y def9e no?+1 & t e argum5t has an opposite argum5t2 !y d "h give a positive def9ition1 & ass]t a positive dogma4 ,b !y reply to ^! objectors2 z to ! ?+s :i* happ5 to u z m51 we admit ! tru? ( :at y say2 = we c]ta9ly d "k t x is day1 & t we are alive2 & we admit t we "k _m o!r ( ! phnom5a ( life4 ,b ) respect to ^? ?+s z to :i* ! dogmatic philosoph]s make positive ass]tions1 say+ t !y are compreh5d$1 we susp5d our judgm5t on ! gr\nd ( _! be+ unc]ta92 & we "k no?+ b ! passions2 = we confess t we see1 & we are aw>e t we compreh5d t su* a ?+ is ! fact2 b we d n "k h[ we see1 or h[ we compreh5d4 ,also1 we /ate 9 ! way ( n>rative1 t ?is appe>s :ite1 )\t ass]t+ positively t x really is s4 ,& ) respect to ! ass]tion1 8,we def9e no?+10 & o!r s5t5ces ( t sort1 we d n pron\nce !m z dogmas4 ,= to say t is a diff]5t k9d ( /atem5t f say+ t ! _w is sph]ical2 = ! "o fact is n evid5t1 :ile ! o!r /atem5ts are m]e admissions4 ,:ile1 !re=e1 we say t we def9e no?+1 we d n ev5 say t z a def9ition4 ,aga91 ! dogmatic philosoph]s say t ! ,sceptics ov]?r[ all life1 :5 !y d5y ev]y?+ ( :i* life consi/s4 ,b ! ,sceptics say t !y are mi/ak52 = !y d n d5y t !y see1 b t !y d n "k h[ x is t !y see4 ,=1 say !y1 we ass]t :at is actually ! fact1 b we d n describe its "*4 ,aga91 we feel t fire burns1 b we susp5d our judgm5t z to :e!r x has a burn+ nature4 ,also1 we see :e!r a p]son moves1 & t a man dies2 b h[ ^! ?+s happ5 we "k n4 ,!re=e1 say !y1 we only resi/ ! unc]ta9 d$uctions :i* are put by ! side ( evid5t facts4 ,= :5 we say t an image has projections1 we only /ate pla9ly :at is evid5t2 b :5 we say t x has n projections1 we no long] say :at appe>s evid5t1 b some?+ else4 ,on :i* acc\nt ,timon1 9 8 ,py?on1 says t ,pyrrho does n de/roy ! au?ority ( cu/om4 ,& 9 8 ,images he speaks ?us3-- ,b :at is evid5tly se5 prevails1 ,:]ev] x may be4 ,& 9 8 treatise on ! ,s5ses1 he says1 8,! reason :y a ?+ is sweet ,i d n decl>e1 b ,i confess t ! fact ( sweetness is evid5t40 ,s too1 nesidemus1 9 ! fir/ book ( 8 ,pyrrhonean ,disc\rses1 says t ,pyrrho def9es no?+ dogmatically1 on acc\nt ( ! possibility ( contradiction1 b t he is guid$ by :at is evid5t4 ,& he says ! same ?+ 9 8 book aga9/ ,wisdom1 & 9 8 treatise on ,inve/igation4 ,9 l mann]1 ,zeuxis1 a fri5d ( nesidemus1 9 8 treatise on ,tw(old ,argum5ts1 & ,antio*us1 ( ,laodicea1 & ,apellas1 9 8 ,agrippa1 all decl>e no?+ beyond :at is evid5t4 ,! crit]ion !re=e1 among ! ,sceptics1 is t :i* is evid5t2 z nesidemus also says2 & ,epicurus says ! same ?+4 ,b ,democritus says1 t !re is no te/ :atev] ( appe>ances1 & also t !y are n crit]ia ( tru?4 ,moreov]1 ! dogmatic philosoph]s attack ! crit]ion d]iv$ f appe>ances1 & say t ! same objects pres5t at times diff]5t appe>ances2 s t a t[n pres5ts at "o "t a squ>e1 & at ano!r a r\nd appe>ance2 & t consequ5tly1 if ! ,sceptic does n discrim9ate betwe5 diff]5t appe>ances1 he does no?+ at all4 ,if1 on ! contr>y1 he det]m9es 9 fav\r ( ei!r1 !n1 say !y1 he no long] atta*es equal value to all appe>ances4 ,! ,sceptics reply to ?is1 t 9 ! pres5ce ( diff]5t appe>ances1 !y cont5t !mselves ) say+ t !re are _m appe>ances1 & t x is precisely because ?+s pres5t !mselves "u diff]5t *>act]s1 t !y affirm ! exi/5ce ( appe>ances4 ,la/ly1 ! ,sceptics say1 t ! *ief good is ! susp5sion ( ! judgm5t :i* tranquillity ( m9d foll[s1 l its %ad[1 z ,timon & nesidemus say2 = t we ne$ n *oose ^! ?+s1 or avoid ^?1 :i* all dep5d on ourselves3 b z to ^? ?+s :i* d n dep5d ^u u1 b ^u necessity1 su* z hung]1 ?ir/1 & pa91 ^? we _c avoid2 = x is n possible to put an end to !m by reason4 ,b :5 ! dogmatic philosoph]s object t ! ,sceptic1 on 8 pr9ciples1 w n refuse to kill 8 own fa!r1 if he is ord]$ to d s2 s t !y answ]1 t !y c live v well )\t disquiet+ !mselves ab\t ! speculations ( ! dogmatic philosoph]s2 b1 susp5d+ _! judgm5t 9 all matt]s :i* d n ref] to liv+ & ! pres]vation ( life4 ,accord+ly1 say !y1 we avoid "s ?+s1 & we seek o!rs1 foll[+ cu/om 9 t2 & we obey ! laws4 ,"s au?ors h ass]t$1 t ! *ief good ( ! ,/oics is impassibility2 o!rs say t x is mildness & tranquillity4 ,,life ,,( ,,timon4 ,i4 ,apollonides1 ( ,nica1 a philosoph] ( our s*ool1 9 ! fir/ book ( 8 ,comm5t>ies on ! ,silli1 :i* he d$icat$ to ,tib]ius ,cs>1 says t ,timon 0 ! son ( ,tim>*us1 & a ,phliasian by bir?4 ,& !n1 :5 he 0 "y1 he /udi$ danc+1 & aft]w>ds he r5\nc$ t /udy1 & w5t to ,meg>a to ,/ilpo4 ,& hav+ sp5t "s "t !re1 he return$ home aga9 & m>ri$4 ,!n he came ) 8 wife to ,elis1 to see ,pyrrho1 & !re he rema9$ :ile 8 *ildr5 7 born2 ! eld] ( :om1 he call$ ,xan?us1 & taught him m$ic9e1 & left him 8 successor 9 8 sect ( philosophy4 ,& he 0 a man ( consid]able em95ce1 z ,sotion tells u 9 8 elev5? book4 ,aft]w>ds1 be+ 9 difficulty z to 8 means1 he dep>t$ to ! ,hellespont & ! ,propontis2 & liv+ at ,*alc$on z a ,sophi/1 he e>n$ a v high reputation & great popul>ity2 f !nce he dep>t$1 aft] hav+ made a consid]able =tune1 & w5t to ,a!ns1 & rema9$ !re till 8 dea?1 go+ across once = a %ort "t to ,!bes4 ,he 0 also acqua9t$ ) k+ ,antigonus1 & ) ,ptolemy ,philadelphus1 z he himself te/ifies 9 8 ,iambics4 ,,ii4 ,he 01 says ,antigonus1 fond ( dr9k+1 & he at times occupi$ himself ) works q inconsi/5t ) philosophy2 = he wrote lyric & epic poems1 & trag$ies & satiric dramas1 & ?irty com$ies1 & sixty trag$ies & ,silli1 & amatory poems4 ,!re are works ( 8 also enum]at$ 9 a regul> catalogue1 ext5d+ to tw5ty ?\s& v]ses1 :i* are m5tion$ by ,antigonus1 ( ,c>y/os1 :o also wrote 8 life4 ,( ! ,silli1 !re are ?ree volumes2 9 :i* he attacks e "o z if he 7 a ,sceptic1 & especially he lampoons ! dogmatic philosoph]s "u ! =m ( p>odies4 ,! fir/ volume ( ^! ,silli conta9s a long un9t]rupt$ n>ration2 b ! second & ?ird are 9 ! =m ( dialogues4 ,he is repres5t$ 9 !m1 z int]rogat+ ,x5ophanes1 ! ,colophonian1 ab\t e ?+1 & he utt]s a long cont9u$ disc\rse2 9 8 second book he speaks ( ! m anci5t philosoph]s2 & 9 8 ?ird ( ! m mod]n ones2 on :i* acc\nt "s p h giv5 ! la/ book ! "n ( ! epilogue4 ,b ! fir/ book conta9s ! same subjects1 ) ?is diff]5ce1 t 9 t x is all conf9$ to "o s+le p]son & its fir/ l9e beg9s ?us3-- ,come hi!r1 all y ov]-busy ,sophi/s ,,iii4 ,he di$ :5 he 0 ne>ly n9ety ye>s old1 z ,antigonus tells u2 & ,sotion1 9 8 elev5? book1 makes ! same /atem5t4 ,i h he>d x said t he _h only "o eye1 &1 inde$1 he us$ to call himself ,cyclops4 ,,iv4 ,!re 0 also ano!r ,timon1 ! misan?rope4 ,v4 ,n[ ?is philosoph] 0 v fond ( a g>d51 & also ( solitude1 z we are told by ,antigonus4 ,accord+ly x is report$1 t ,hi]onymus1 ! ,p]ipatetic1 said ( him1 z among ! ,scy?ians1 bo? !y :o fly1 & !y :o pursue %oot ) ! b[1 s 9 ! case ( ! philosoph]s1 ^? :o pursue & ^? :o fly bo? hunt = pupils1 z ,timon = in/ance4 ,,vi4 ,he 0 a man ( v acute p]ceptions1 & v quick at see+ ! ridicul\s side ( any "q3 he 0 also v fond ( le>n+1 & a v clev] man at devis+ plots = poets1 & at compos+ dramas4 ,& he us$ to associate ) himself1 9 ! composition ( 8 trag$ies1 two o!r poets1 nam$ ,alex&] & ,hom]2 & :5ev] he 0 di/urb$ by 8 maid-s]vants or by ! dogs1 he paid no att5tion to !m1 /udy+ above all ?+s to live 9 tranquillity4 ,!y tell a /ory1 t ,aratus ask$ him h[ he c\ld procure an entire & correct copy ( ,hom]'s poetry1 & he answ]$1 8,if he c\ld fall 9 ) an old manuscript :i* _h nev] be5 correct$40 ,& all 8 works us$ to lie ab\t at r&om1 & at times half eat5 by mice2 s t once :5 he 0 read+ !m to ,zopyrus1 ! orator1 & unroll+ a volume1 he read :atev] passages came fir/1 & :5 he got to ! middle ( ! book he f\nd a great gap1 :i* he _h n previ\sly p]ceiv$1 s v indiff]5t 0 he ab\t su* matt]s4 ,8 con/itution 0 s vigor\s1 t he c\ld easily g )\t 8 d9n]4 ,& !y say1 t once :5 he saw ,arcesilaus pass+ ?r\gh ! =um ( ! ,c]copes1 he said1 8,:at are y do+ "h1 :]e we freem5 are80 ,& he us$ con/antly to quote to ^? :o invok$ ! te/imony ( _! intellects to judge ( ! s5ses3-- ,attagas & ,num5ius are met4#acg ,& ?is je/+ mann] 0 habitual ) him4 ,accord+ly he once said to a man1 :o 0 surpris$ at ev]y?+1 8,:y d y n wond] t we ?ree m5 h only f\r eyes betwe5 u80 = he himself _h only "o eye1 no m _h ,dioscorides1 8 pupil2 b ! man to :om he 0 speak+ _h 8 sight unimpair$4 ,on ano!r occasion1 he 0 ask$ by ,arcesilaus1 :y he _h come f ,!bes1 & he said1 8,to laugh at y all :5 ,i see y face to face40 ,b ?\gh he attack$ ,arcesilaus 9 8 ,silli1 he has prais$ him 9 ! book entitl$ ! ,fun]al ,banquet ( ,arcesilaus4 ,,vii4 ,he _h no successor1 z ,m5odotus tells u2 b 8 s*ool ceas$1 till ,ptolemy ! ,cyr5ean re-e/abli%$ x4 ,accord+ to ! acc\nt giv5 to u by ,hippobotus & ,sotion1 he _h z pupils1 ,dioscorides ( ,cyprus1 & ,nicolo*us ( ,rhodes1 & ,euphranor ( ,seleucia1 & ,praylus ( ! ,troas1 :o 0 a man ( su* con/ancy ( m9d t1 z ,phyl>*us relates 9 8 ,hi/ory1 he all[$ himself to be puni%$ z a traitor :olly undes]v$ly1 n utt]+ "o ^w ( compla9t aga9/ 8 fell[ citiz5s2 & ,euphranor _h = 8 pupil1 ,eubulus1 ( ,alex&ria1 :o 0 ! ma/] ( ,ptolemy1 :o 0 ! ma/] ( ,s>p$on & ,h]aclides4 ,& ,h]aclides 0 ! ma/] ( nesidemus1 ( ,cnossus1 :o wrote eight books ( ,pyrrhonean disc\rses2 he 0 also ! ma/] ( ,zeuxippus ,polites1 :o 0 ! ma/] ( ,zeuxis ,goniopus1 :o 0 ! ma/] ( ,antio*us1 ( ,laodicea1 9 ,lycia4 ,antio*us aga91 0 ! ma/] ( ,m5odotus1 ( ,nicom$ia1 a skilful physician1 & ( ,!odas1 ( ,laodicea2 & ,m5odotus 0 ! ma/] ( ,h]odotus1 ( ,t>sus1 ! son ( ,arieus2 ,h]odotus 0 ! ma/] ( ,sextus ,empiricus1 :o left t5 books ( ,sceptic ,maxims1 & o!r excell5t works2 & ,sextus 0 ! ma/] ( ,saturn9us ,cy!nas1 :o 0 also an empiric4 ,,book ,x4 ,,life ,,( ,,epicurus4 ,i4 ,epicurus 0 an ,a!nian1 & ! son ( ,neocles & ,*re/rate1 ( ! burgh ( ,g>gettus1 & ( ! family ( ! ,philaid1 z ,metrodorus tells u 9 8 treatise on ,nobility ( ,bir?4 ,"s writ]s1 & among !m ,h]aclides1 9 8 ,abridgm5t ( ,sotion1 say1 t z ! ,a!nians _h colonis$ ,samos1 he 0 br\ght up !re1 & came to ,a!ns 9 8 eighte5? ye>1 :ile ,x5ocrates 0 presid5t ( ! ,academy1 & ,ari/otle at ,*alcis4 ,b aft] ! dea? ( ,alex&]1 ! ,mac$onian1 :5 ! ,a!nians 7 driv5 out ( ,samos by ,p]diccas1 ,epicurus w5t to ,colophon to 8 fa!r4 ,,ii4 ,& :5 he _h sp5t "s "t !re1 & collect$ "s disciples1 he aga9 return$ to ,a!ns1 9 ! "t ( ,anaxicrates1 & = "s "t /udi$ philosophy1 m+l+ ) ! re/ ( ! philosoph]s2 b subsequ5tly1 he "s h[ or o!r e/abli%$ ! s*ool :i* 0 call$ aft] 8 "n2 & he us$ to say1 t he began to /udy philosophy1 :5 he 0 f\rte5 ye>s ( age2 b ,apollodorus1 ! ,epicurean1 9 ! fir/ book ( 8 acc\nt ( ! life ( ,epicurus1 says1 t he came to ! /udy ( philosophy1 hav+ conceiv$ a great contempt = ! gramm>ians1 because !y c\ld n expla9 to him ! /atem5ts 9 ,hesiod respect+ ,*aos4 ,b ,h]mippus tells u1 t he himself 0 a tea*] ( gramm>1 & t aft]w>ds1 hav+ met ) ! books ( ,democritus1 he appli$ himself ) zeal to philosophy1 on :i* acc\nt ,timon says ( him3-- ,! la/ ( all ! natural philosoph]s1 ,& ! mo/ %ameless too1 did come f ,samos1 ,a gramm> tea*]1 & ! mo/ ill-br$ ,& mo/ unmanageable ( mank9d4 ,& he _h = 8 companions 9 8 philosophical /udies1 8 ?ree bro!rs1 ,neocles1 ,*r$emus1 & ,ari/obulus1 :o 7 excit$ by 8 exhortations1 z ,philodemus1 ! ,epicurean1 relates 9 ! t5? book ( ! ,classification ( ,philosoph]s4 ,he _h also a slave1 ^: "n 0 ,mus1 z ,myronianus tells u 9 8 ,simil> ,hi/orical ,*apt]s4 ,,iii4 ,b ,diotimus1 ! ,/oic1 0 v ho/ile to him1 & calumniat$ him 9 a mo/ bitt] mann]1 publi%+ fifty obsc5e lett]s1 & attribut+ !m to ,epicurus1 & also giv+ him ! cr$it ( ! lett]s1 :i* g5]ally g "u ! "n ( ,*rysippus4 ,& ,posidonius1 ! ,/oic1 & ,nicolaus1 & ,sotion1 9 ! twelf? ( ^! books1 :i* are entitl$ ! ,refutations ( ,diocles1 ( :i* !re are altoge!r tw5ty-f\r volumes1 & ,dionysius1 ( ,halic>nassus1 h also attack$ him ) great sev]ity2 = !y say t he us$ to accompany 8 "m :5 %e w5t ab\t ! small cottages1 p]=m+ purifications1 & t he us$ to read ! =mula1 & t he us$ also to keep a s*ool ) 8 fa!r at v l[ t]ms4 ,also1 t he1 z well z "o ( 8 bro!rs1 0 a mo/ pr(ligate man 9 8 morals1 & t he us$ to live ) ,leontium1 ! c\rtesan4 ,moreov]1 t he claim$ ! books ( ,democritus on ,atoms1 & t ( ,ari/ippus on ,pleasure1 z 8 own2 & t he 0 n a legitimate citiz52 & ?is la/ fact is ass]t$ also by ,timocrates1 & by ,h]odotus1 9 8 treatise on ! ,y\? ( ,epicurus4 ,!y also say t he us$ to flatt] ,mi?ras1 ! /ew>d ( ,lysima*us1 9 a disgraceful mann]1 call+ him 9 8 lett]s ,pan1 & ,k+2 & also t he flatt]$ ,idom5eus1 & ,h]odotus1 & ,timocrates :o _h reveal$ all 8 secret practices1 & t he flatt]$ !m on ?is v acc\nt4 ,& 9 8 lett]s to ,leontium1 he says1 8,o k+ ,apollo1 my de> ,leontium1 :at transports ( joy did ,i feel :5 ,i read y\r *>m+ lett]40 ,& to ,!mi/a1 ! wife ( ,leonteus1 he writes1 8,i am ready & prep>$1 if y d n come to me1 to roll myself to :]ev] y & ,!mi/a invite me40 ,& he addresses ,py?ocles1 a beautiful y\?1 ?us1 8,i w sit quiet10 says he1 8await+ y\r long$ = & god-l approa*40 ,& at ano!r "t1 writ+ to ,!mi/a1 he says1 8,t he _h det]m9$ to make 8 way ) h]10 z ,!odorus tells u 9 ! f\r? book ( 8 treatises aga9/ ,epicurus4 ,he also wrote to _m o!r c\rtesans1 & especially to ,leontium1 ) :om ,metrodorus also 0 9 love4 ,& 9 8 treatise on ! ,*ief ,good1 he writes ?us1 8,= ,i d n "k :at ,i c consid] good1 if ,i put out ( sight ! pleasures :i* arise f fav\rs1 & ^? :i* are d]iv$ f amatory pleasures1 & f music1 & f ! contemplation ( beauty40 ,& 9 8 lett] to ,py?ocles1 he writes1 8,&1 my de> boy1 avoid all sorts ( education40 ,epictetus also attacks him z a mo/ debau*$ man1 & reproa*es him mo/ vehem5tly1 & s does ,timocrates1 ! bro!r ( ,metrodorus1 9 8 treatise entitl$ ! ,m]ry ,gue/s1 & ?is ,timocrates _h be5 a disciple 9 8 s*ool1 ?\gh he aft]w>ds ab&on$ x2 & he says t he us$ to vomit twice a day1 9 consequ5ce ( 8 intemp]ance2 & t he himself _h great difficulty 9 escap+ f ?is nocturnal philosophy1 & t my/ic k9d ( re-union4 ,he also accuses ,epicurus ( %ameful ignorance 9 8 reason+1 & /ill m especially 9 all matt]s relat+ to ! conduct ( life4 ,& says t he 0 9 a pitiable /ate ( heal?1 s t he c\ld n = _m ye>s rise up f 8 s(a2 & t he us$ to sp5d a m9 a day on 8 eat+1 z he himself /ates 9 8 lett] to ,leontium1 & 9 t to ! philosoph]s at ,mityl5e4 ,he also says t _m c\rtesans us$ to live ) him & ,metrodorus2 & among !m ,m>m>ium1 & ,h$ea1 & ,erotium1 & ,nicidium4 ,,iv4 ,& 9 ! ?irty-sev5 books :i* he wrote ab\t natural philosophy1 !y say t he says a great _m ?+s ( ! same k9d ov] & ov] aga91 & t 9 !m he writes 9 contradiction ( o!r philosoph]s1 & especially ( ,nausiphanes1 & speaks z foll[s1 ^w = ^w3 8,b if any "o else ev] 0 afflict$ 9 su* a mann]1 !n c]ta9ly ?is man _h a cont9ual lab\r1 /riv+ to br+ =? ! sophi/ical boa/fulness ( 8 m\?1 l _m o!r slaves40 ,& ,epicurus also speaks ( ,nausiphanes 9 8 lett]s1 9 ! foll[+ t]ms3 8,^! ?+s l$ him on to su* arrogance ( m9d1 t he abus$ me & call$ me a s*oolma/]40 ,he us$ also to call him ,lungs1 & ,blockhead1 & ,humbug1 & ,=nicator4 ,& he us$ to call ,plato's foll[]s ,flatt]]s ( ,dionysius1 b ,plato himself he call$ ,gold54 ,ari/otle he call$ a debau*ee & a glutton1 say+ t he jo9$ ! army aft] he _h squ&]$ 8 patrimony1 & sold drugs4 ,he us$ also to call ,protagoras a port]1 & ! secret>y ( ,democritus1 & to say t he taught boys _! lett]s 9 ! /reets4 ,h]aclitus1 he call$ a di/urb]2 ,democritus1 he nicknam$ ,l]ocritus2#ach & ,antidorus1 ,snidorus2#aci ! ,cynics he call$ enemies ( ,greece2 & ! ,dialecticians he *>g$ ) be+ eat5 up ) envy4 ,pyrrho1 he said1 0 ignorant & unle>n$4 ,v4 ,b ^! m5 :o say ?is are all wrong1 = !re are pl5ty ( witnesses ( ! unsurpassable k9dness ( ! man to e body2 bo? 8 own c\ntry :i* hon\r$ him ) braz5 /atues1 & 8 fri5ds :o 7 s num]\s t !y c\ld n be conta9$ 9 :ole cities2 & all 8 acqua9tances :o 7 b\nd to him by no?+ b ! *>ms ( 8 doctr9e1 none ( :om ev] des]t$ him1 except ,metrodorus1 ! son ( ,/ratoniceus1 :o w5t ov] to ,c>neades1 probably because he 0 n able to be> ) equanimity ! unapproa*able excell5ce ( ,epicurus4 ,also1 ! p]petual succession ( 8 s*ool1 :i*1 :5 e o!r s*ool decay$1 cont9u$ )\t any fall+ (f1 & produc$ a c\ntless numb] ( philosoph]s1 succe$+ "o ano!r )\t any int]ruption4 ,we may also speak "h ( 8 gratitude t[>ds 8 p>5ts1 & 8 b5efic5ce to 8 bro!rs1 & 8 g5tl5ess to 8 s]vants 7z is pla9 f 8 w1 & f ! fact too1 t !y unit$ ) him 9 8 philosophical /udies1 & ! mo/ em95t ( !m 0 ! "o :om ,i h m5tion$ already1 nam$ ,mus72 & 8 univ]sal philan?ropy t[>ds all m54 ,8 piety t[>ds ! ,gods1 & 8 affection = 8 c\ntry 0 q unspeakable2 ?\gh1 f an excess ( mode/y1 he avoid$ affairs ( /ate4 ,& ?\gh he liv$ :5 v difficult times oppress$ ,greece1 he /ill rema9$ 9 8 own c\ntry1 only go+ two or ?ree times across to ,ionia to see 8 fri5ds1 :o us$ to ?rong to him f all qu>t]s1 & to live ) him 9 8 g>d51 z we are told by ,apollodorus4 7,?is g>d5 he b\ght = eighty m947 ,,vi4 ,& ,diocles1 9 ! ?ird book ( 8 ,excursion1 says t !y all liv$ 9 ! mo/ simple & economical mann]2 8,!y 7 cont5t10 says he1 8) a small cup ( light w9e1 & all ! re/ ( _! dr9k 0 wat]40 ,he also tells u t ,epicurus w\ld n all[ 8 foll[]s to ?r[ _! prop]ty into a common /ock1 z ,py?agoras did1 :o said t ! possessions ( fri5ds 7 held 9 common4 ,= he said t su* a doctr9e z t 0 suit$ r = ^? :o di/ru/$ "o ano!r2 & t ^? :o di/ru/$ "o ano!r 7 n fri5ds4 ,b he himself 9 8 lett]s1 says t he is cont5t ) wat] & pla9 bread1 & adds1 8,s5d me "s ,cy!rean *eese1 t if ,i wi% to h a fea/1 ,i may h ! means40 ,?is 0 ! real "* ( ! man :o laid d[n ! doctr9e t pleasure 0 ! *ief good2 :om ,a!nu ?us m5tions 9 an epigram3-- ,o m51 y lab\r = p]nici\s ends2 ,& out ( eag] av>ice1 beg9 ,qu>rels & w>s4 ,& yet ! weal? ( nature ,fixes a n>r[ limit = desires1 ,?\gh empty judgm5t is insatiable4 ,?is lesson ! wise *ild ( ,neocles ,_h le>nt by he>t1 in/ruct$ by ! ,muses1 ,or at ! sacr$ %r9e ( ,delphi's ,god4 ,& z we advance fur!r1 we %all le>n ?is fact f 8 dogmas1 & 8 apoph!gms4 ,,vii4 ,( all ! anci5t philosoph]s he 01 z we are told by ,diocles1 mo/ atta*$ to ,anaxagoras 7al?\gh 9 "s po9ts he argu$ aga9/ him72 & to ,ar*elaus1 ! ma/] ( ,socrates4 ,& he us$1 ,diocles adds1 to accu/om 8 pupils to pres]ve 8 writ+s 9 _! memory4 ,apollodorus1 9 8 ,*ronicles1 ass]ts t he 0 a pupil ( ,nausiphanes1 & ,praxiphanes2 b he himself does n m5tion ?is2 b says 9 8 lett] to ,euridicus1 t he _h be5 8 own in/ructor4 ,he also agre$ ) ,h]m>*us 9 n admitt+ t ,leucippus des]v$ to be call$ a philosoph]2 ?\gh "s au?ors1 among :om is ,apollodorus1 speak ( him z ! ma/] ( ,democritus4 ,demetrius1 ! ,magnesian1 says t he 0 a pupil ( ,x5ocrates also4 ,,viii4 ,he uses 9 8 works pla9 language ) respect to any?+ he is speak+ (1 = :i* ,ari/ophanes1 ! gramm>ian1 blames him1 on ! gr\nd ( t /yle be+ vulg>4 ,b he 0 su* an admir] ( p]spicuity1 t ev5 9 8 treatise on ,rhetoric1 he aims at & recomm5ds no?+ b cle>ness ( expression4 ,& 9 8 lett]s1 in/ead ( ! usual civil expressions1 8,greet+10 8,f>ewell10 & s on1 he sub/itutes1 8,may y act well10 8,may y live virtu\sly10 & expressions ( t sort4 ,"s ( 8 biograph]s ass]t t x 0 he :o compos$ ! treatise entitl$ ! ,canon1 9 imitation ( ! ,tripod ( ,nausiphanes1 ^: pupil !y say t he 01 & add t he 0 also a pupil ( ,pamphilus1 ! ,platoni/1 at ,samos4 ,,ix4 ,!y fur!r tell u t he began to /udy philosophy at twelve ye>s ( age1 & t he presid$ ov] 8 s*ool ?irty-two ye>s4 ,& he 0 born z we are told by ,apollodorus1 9 8 ,*ronicles1 9 ! ?ird ye> ( ! hundr$ & n9? olympiad1 9 ! ar*on%ip ( ,sosig5es1 on ! sev5? day ( ! mon? ,gamelion1 sev5 ye>s aft] ! dea? ( ,plato4 ,& :5 he 0 ?irty-two ye>s ( age1 he fir/ set up 8 s*ool at ,mityl5e1 & aft] t at ,lampsacus2 & :5 he _h sp5t five ye>s 9 ^! two cities1 he came to ,a!ns2 & he di$ !re 9 ! second ye> ( ! hundr$ & tw5ty-sev5? olympiad1 9 ! ar*on%ip ( ,py?>atus1 :5 he _h liv$ sev5ty-two ye>s4 ,& ,h]m>*us1 ! son ( ,agem>*us1 & a citiz5 ( ,mityl5e1 succe$$ him 9 8 s*ool4 ,he di$ ( ! /one1 z ,h]m>*us m5tions 9 8 lett]s1 aft] hav+ be5 ill a =tnight2 & at ! end ( ! =tnight1 ,h]mippus says t he w5t into a braz5 ba?1 prop]ly temp]$ ) w>m wat]1 & ask$ = a cup ( pure w9e & drank x2 & hav+ recomm5d$ 8 fri5ds to rememb] 8 doctr9es1 he expir$4 ,& !re is an epigram ( ours on him1 c\*$ 9 ! foll[+ language3-- ,n[1 f>e-ye-well1 rememb] all my words2 ,?is 0 ! dy+ *>ge ( ,epicurus3 ,!n to ! ba? he w5t1 & drank "s w9e1 ,& sank b5ea? ! cold embrace ( ,pluto4 ,su* 0 ! life ( ! man1 & su* 0 8 dea?4 ,x4 ,& he made 8 w 9 ! foll[+ t]ms3-- 8,accord+ to ?is my w1 ,i give all my possessions to ,amynoma*us1 ( ,bate1 ! son ( ,philocrates1 & to ,timocrates1 ( ,potamos1 ! son ( ,demetrius2 accord+ to ! de$ ( gift to ea*1 :i* is deposit$ 9 ! temple ( ,cybele2 on condition t !y make ov] my g>d5 & all t is atta*$ to x to ,h]m>*us1 ( ,mityl5e1 ! son ( ,agem>*us2 & to ^? :o /udy philosophy ) him1 & to :omsoev] ,h]m>*us leaves z 8 successors 9 8 s*ool1 t !y may abide & dwell 9 x1 9 ! /udy & practice ( philosophy2 & ,i give x also to all ^? :o philosophize accord+ to my doctr9es1 t !y may1 to ! be/ ( _! ability1 ma9ta9 my s*ool :i* exi/s 9 my g>d51 9 conc]t ) ,amynoma*us & ,timocrates2 & ,i enjo9 _! heirs to d ! same 9 ! mo/ p]fect & secure mann] t !y c2 s t !y also may ma9ta9 my g>d51 z ^? also %all to :om my imm$iate successors h& x d[n4 ,z = ! h\se 9 ,melita1 t ,amynoma*us & ,timocrates %all all[ ,h]m>*us t he may live 9 x dur+ 8 life1 toge!r ) all 8 companions 9 philosophy4 8,out ( ! income :i* is d]iv$ f t prop]ty1 :i* is "h bequea!d by me to ,amynoma*us & ,timocrates1 ,i w t !y1 consult+ ) ,h]m>*us1 %all arrange 9 ! be/ mann] possible ! (f]+s to ! manes 9 hon\r ( ! memory ( my fa!r1 & "m1 & bro!rs1 & myself1 & t my bir?-day may be kept z x has be5 9 ! habit ( be+ kept1 on ! t5? day ( ! mon? ,gamelion2 & t ! re-union ( all ! philosoph]s ( our s*ool1 e/abli%$ 9 hon\r ( ,metrodorus & myself1 may take place on ! tw5tie? day ( e mon?4 ,!y %all also celebrate1 z ,i h be5 9 ! habit ( do+ myself1 ! day consecrat$ to my bro!rs1 9 ! mon? ,poseideon2 & ! day consecrat$ to ! memory ( ,polynus1 9 ! mon? ,metageitnion4 8,amynoma*us & ,timocrates1 %all be ! gu>dians ( ,epicurus1 ! son ( ,metrodorus1 & ( ! son ( ,polynus1 z long z !y /udy philosophy "u1 & live )1 ,h]m>*us4 ,9 ! same way also1 !y %all be ! gu>dians ( ! daught] ( ,metrodorus1 & :5 %e is ( m>riageable age1 !y %all give h] to :omsoev] ,h]m>*us %all select ( 8 companions 9 philosophy1 provid$ %e is well behav$ & ob$i5t to ,h]m>*us4 ,& ,amynoma*us & ,timocrates %all1 out ( my income1 give !m su* a sum = _! support z %all appe> suffici5t ye> by ye>1 aft] due consultation ) ,h]m>*us4 ,& !y %all associate ,h]m>*us ) !mselves 9 ! managem5t ( my rev5ues1 9 ord] t ev]y?+ may be done ) ! approval ( t man :o has gr[n old ) me 9 ! /udy ( philosophy1 & :o is n[ left z ! presid5t ( all ^? :o h /udi$ philosophy ) u4 ,& z = ! d[ry = ! girl :5 %e is come to m>riageable age1 let ,amynoma*us & ,timocrates arrange t1 tak+ = ! purpose su* a sum f my prop]ty z %all seem to !m1 9 conjunction ) ,h]m>*us1 to be reasonable4 ,& let !m also take c>e ( ,nicanor1 z we ourselves h done2 9 ord] t all ^? :o h /udi$ philosophy ) u1 & :o h assi/$ u ) _! means1 & :o h %[n great fri5d%ip = u1 & :o h *os5 to gr[ old ) u 9 ! /udy ( philosophy1 may nev] be 9 want ( any?+ z f> z our p[] to prev5t x may ext5d4 8,i fur!r enjo9 !m to give all my books to ,h]m>*us2 &1 if any?+ %\ld happ5 to ,h]m>*us be=e ! *ildr5 ( ,metrodorus are gr[n up1 !n ,i desire t ,amynoma*us & ,timocrates1 %all take c>e t1 provid$ !y are well behav$1 !y %all h ev]y?+ t is necess>y = !m1 z f> z ! e/ate :i* ,i leave beh9d me %all all[ su* ?+s to be furni%$ to !m4 ,& ! same m5 %all also take c>e ( ev]y?+ else t ,i h enjo9$2 s t x may all be fulfill$1 z f> z ! case may p]mit4 8,( my slaves1 ,i h]eby emancipate ,mus1 & ,nicias1 & ,lycon3 ,i also give ,phdrium h] fre$om40 ,& :5 he 0 at ! po9t ( dea?1 he wrote ! foll[+ lett] to ,idom5eus3-- 8,we h writt5 ?is lett] to y on a happy day to u1 :i* is also ! la/ day ( our life4 ,= /rangury has attack$ me1 & also a dys5t]y1 s viol5t t no?+ c be add$ to ! viol5ce ( my suff]+s4 ,b ! *e]fulness ( my m9d1 :i* arises f ! recollection ( all my philosophical contemplations1 c\nt]balances all ^! afflictions4 ,& ,i beg y to take c>e ( ! *ildr5 ( ,metrodorus1 9 a mann] wor?y ( ! devotion %[n by ! y\? to me1 & to philosophy40 ,su* !n z ,i h giv5 x1 0 8 w4 ,,xi4 ,he _h a great numb] ( pupils1 ( :om ! mo/ em95t 7 ,metrodorus1 ! ,a!nian1 & ,timocrates1 & ,s&es1 ( ,lampsacus2 :o1 f ! "t t he fir/ became acqua9t$ ) him1 nev] left him1 except once :5 he w5t home = six mon?s2 aft] :i* he return$ to him4 ,& he 0 a virtu\s man 9 e respect1 z ,epicurus tells u 9 8 ,fundam5tal ,pr9ciples4 ,& he also be>s witness to 8 virtue 9 ! ?ird book ( 8 ,timocrates4 ,& be+ a man ( ?is "*1 he gave 8 si/] ,batis 9 m>riage to ,idom5eus2 & he himself _h ,leontium1 ! ,attic c\rtesan1 = 8 concub9e4 ,he 0 v unmov$ at all di/urbances1 & ev5 at dea?2 z ,epicurus tells u1 9 ! fir/ book ( 8 ,metrodorus4 ,he is said to h di$ sev5 ye>s be=e ,epicurus himself1 9 ! fifty-?ird ye> ( 8 age4 ,& ,epicurus himself1 9 ! w :i* ,i h giv5 above1 gives _m *>ges ab\t ! gu>dian%ip ( 8 *ildr51 %[+ by ?is t he _h be5 dead "s "t4 ,he also _h a bro!r :om ,i h m5tion$ be=e1 ( ! "n ( ,timocrates1 a trifl+1 silly man4 ,! writ+s ( ,metrodorus are ^!4 ,?ree books address$ to ! ,physicians2 "o essay on ! ,s5sations2 "o address$ to ,timocrates2 "o on ,magnanimity2 "o on ! ,illness ( ,epicurus2 "o address$ to ! ,dialecticians2 "o aga9/ ! ,n9e ,sophi/s2 "o on ! ,road to ,wisdom2 "o on ,*ange2 "o on ,ri*es2 "o aga9/ ,democritus2 "o on ,nobility ( ,bir?4 ,,xii4 ,likewise ,polynus1 ( ,lampsacus1 ! son ( ,a!nodorus1 0 a man ( mild & fri5dly mann]s1 z ,philodemus p>ticul>ly assures u4 ,,xiii4 ,& 8 successor 0 ,h]m>*us1 ( ,mityl5e1 ! son ( ,agem>*us1 a poor man2 & 8 fav\rite pursuit 0 rhetoric4 ,& ! foll[+ excell5t works ( 8 are extant4 ,tw5ty-two books ( lett]s ab\t ,emp$ocles2 an essay on ,ma!matics2 ,a treatise aga9/ ,plato2 ano!r aga9/ ,ari/otle4 ,& he di$ ( p>alysis1 be+ a mo/ em95t man4 ,,xiv4 ,!re 0 also ,leonteus1 ( ,lampsacus1 & 8 wife ,!mi/a1 to :om ,epicurus wrote4 ,,xv4 ,!re 7 also ,colotes & ,idom5eus2 & ^! also 7 natives ( ,lampsacus4 ,& among ! mo/ em95t philosoph]s ( ! s*ool ( ,epicurus1 7 ,poly/ratus1 :o succe$$ ,h]m>*us1 & ,dionysius :o succe$$ him1 & ,basilides :o succe$$ him4 ,likewise ,apollodorus1 :o 0 nicknam$ ! tyrant ( ! g>d5s 771 0 a v em95t man1 & wrote m ?an f\r hundr$ books4 ,& !re 7 ! two ,ptolemies ( ,alex&ria1 ,ptolemy ! ,black1 & ,ptolemy ! ,fair4 ,& ,z5o1 ( ,sidon1 a pupil ( ,apollodorus1 a v volum9\s au?or2 & ,demetrius1 :o 0 surnam$ ! ,lac$monian2 & ,diog5es1 ( ,t>sus1 :o wrote ! ,select ,dialogues2 & ,orion1 & o!rs :om ! g5u9e ,epicureans call ,sophi/s4 ,,xvi4 ,!re 7 also ?ree o!r p]sons ( ! "n ( ,epicurus2 fir/1 ! son ( ,leonteus & ,!mi/a2 secondly1 a native ( ,magnesia2 & la/ly1 a ,gladiator4 ,,xvii4 ,& ,epicurus 0 a mo/ volum9\s au?or1 exce$+ all m5 9 ! numb] ( 8 books2 = !re are m ?an ?ree hundr$ volumes ( !m2 & 9 ! :ole ( !m !re is n "o citation f o!r s\rces1 b !y are fill$ :olly ) ! s5tim5ts ( ,epicurus himself4 ,9 ! quantity ( 8 writ+s he 0 rivall$ by ,*rysippus1 z ,c>neades ass]ts1 :o calls him a p>asite ( ! books ( ,epicurus2 = if ev] ?is latt] wrote any?+1 ,*rysippus imm$iately set 8 he>t on writ+ a book ( equal size2 & 9 ?is way he (t5 wrote ! same ?+ ov] aga92 putt+ d[n :atev] came into 8 head2 & he publi%$ x all )\t any corrections1 by reason ( 8 ha/e4 ,& he quotes su* numb]s ( te/imonies f o!r au?ors1 t 8 books are entirely fill$ ) !m alone2 z "o may f9d also 9 ! works ( ,ari/otle & ,z5o4 ,su* !n1 & s num]\s are ! works ( ,epicurus2 ! *ief ( :i* are ! foll[+4 ,?irty-sev5 treatises on ,natural ,philosophy2 "o on ,atoms1 & ! ,vacuum2 "o on ,love2 an abridgm5t ( ! ,argum5ts employ$ aga9/ ! ,natural ,philosoph]s2 ,d\bts 9 ,contradiction ( ! ,doctr9es ( ! ,meg>ians2 ,fundam5tal ,propositions2 a treatise on ,*oice & ,avoidance2 ano!r on ! ,*ief ,good2 ano!r on ! ,crit]ion1 call$ also ! ,canon2 ! ,*r$emus1 a treatise on ! ,gods2 "o on ,piety2 ! ,hegesianax2 f\r essays on ,lives2 "o on ,j ,deal+2 ! ,neocles2 "o essay address$ to ,!mi/a2 ! ,banquet2 ! ,eurylo*us2 "o essay address$ to ,metrodorus2 "o on ,see+2 "o on ! ,angle 9 an ,atom2 "o on ,t\*2 "o on ,fate2 ,op9ions on ! ,passions2 "o treatise address$ to ,timocrates2 ,progno/ics2 ,exhortations2 a treatise on ,spectres2 "o on ,p]ceptions2 ! ,ari/obulus2 an essay on ,music2 "o on ,ju/ice & ! o!r ,virtues2 "o on ,gifts & ,gratitude2 ! ,polym$es2 ! ,timocrates1 a treatise 9 ?ree books2 ! ,metrodorus1 9 five books2 ! ,antidorus1 9 two books2 ,op9ions ab\t ! ,s\? ,w9ds2 a treatise address$ to ,mi?ras2 ! ,calli/olas2 an essay on ,k+ly ,p[]2 ! ,anaxim5es2 ,lett]s4 ,,xviii4 ,& ,i w endeav\r to give an abridgm5t ( ! doctr9es conta9$ 9 ^! works1 z x may be agreeable1 quot+ ?ree lett]s ( 81 9 :i* he has made a sort ( epitome ( all 8 philosophy4 ,i w also give 8 fundam5tal & peculi> op9ions1 & any apoph!gms :i* he utt]$ :i* appe> wor?y ( be+ select$4 ,s t y may be ?or\ghly acqua9t$ ) ! man1 & may also judge t ,i und]/& him4 ,n[ ! fir/ lett] is "o t he wrote to ,h]odotus1 on ! subject ( ,natural ,philosophy2 ! second is "o t he wrote to ,py?ocles1 :i* is ab\t ! ,heav5ly ,bodies2 ! ?ird is address$ to ,m5ceus1 & 9 t !re are conta9$ ! discussions ab\t lives4 ,we mu/ n[ beg9 ) ! fir/1 aft] hav+ said a little by way ( preface conc]n+ ! divisions ( philosophy :i* he adopt$4 ,,xix4 ,n[ he divides philosophy into ?ree p>ts4 ,! canonical1 ! physical1 & ! e?ical4 ,! canonical1 :i* s]ves z an introduction to sci5ce1 is conta9$ 9 ! s+le treatise :i* is call$ ! ,canon4 ,! physical embraces ! :ole range ( speculation on subjects ( natural philosophy1 & is conta9$ 9 ! ?irty-sev5 books on nature1 & 9 ! lett]s aga9 x is discuss$ 9 an elem5t>y mann]4 ,! e?ical conta9s ! discussions on ,*oice & ,avoidance2 & is compris$ 9 ! books ab\t lives1 & 9 "s ( ! ,lett]s1 & 9 ! treatise on ! ,*ief ,good4 ,accord+ly1 mo/ p are 9 ! habit ( comb9+ ! canonical division ) ! physical2 & !n !y designate ! :ole "u ! names ( ! crit]ion ( ! tru?1 & a discussion on pr9ciples1 & elem5ts4 ,& !y say t ! physical division is conv]sant ab\t production1 & de/ruction1 & nature2 & t ! e?ical division has ref]5ce to ! objects ( *oice & avoidance1 & lives1 & ! *ief good ( mank9d4 ,,xx4 ,dialectics !y :olly reject z sup]flu\s4 ,= !y say t ! correspond5ce ( words ) ?+s is suffici5t = ! natural philosoph]1 s z to enable him to advance ) c]ta9ty 9 ! /udy ( nature4 ,n[1 9 ! ,canon1 ,epicurus says t ! crit]ia ( tru? are ! s5ses1 & ! preconceptions1 & ! passions4 ,b ! ,epicureans1 9 g5]al1 add also ! p]ceptive impressions ( ! intellect4 ,& he says ! same ?+ 9 8 ,abridgm5t1 :i* he addresses to ,h]odotus1 & also 9 8 ,fundam5tal ,pr9ciples4 ,=1 says he1 ! s5ses are devoid ( reason1 nor are !y capable ( receiv+ any impressions ( memory4 ,= !y are n by !mselves ! cause ( any motion1 & :5 !y h receiv$ any impression f any ext]nal cause1 !n !y c add no?+ to x1 nor c !y subtract any?+ f x4 ,moreov]1 !y are out ( ! rea* ( any control2 = "o s5sation _c judge ( ano!r :i* resembles itself2 = !y h all an equal value4 ,nor c "o judge ( ano!r :i* is diff]5t f itself2 s9ce _! objects are n id5tical4 ,9 a ^w1 "o s5sation _c control ano!r1 s9ce ! effects ( all ( !m influ5ce u equally4 ,aga91 ! reason _c pron\nce on ! s5ses2 = we h already said t all reason+ has ! s5ses = its f\ndation4 ,reality & ! evid5ce ( s5sation e/abli% ! c]ta9ty ( ! s5ses2 = ! impressions ( sight & he>+ are j z real1 j z evid5t1 z pa94 ,x foll[s f ^! consid]ations t we ought to judge ( ?+s :i* are obscure by _! analogy to ^? :i* we p]ceive directly4 ,9 fact1 e notion proce$s f ! s5ses1 ei!r directly1 or 9 consequ5ce ( "s analogy1 or proportion1 or comb9ation4 ,reason+ hav+ always a %>e 9 ^! la/ op]ations4 ,! visions ( insanity & ( sleep h a real object1 = !y act ^u u2 & t :i* has no reality c produce no action4 ,,xxi4 ,by preconception1 ! ,epicureans mean a sort ( compreh5sion z x 71 or "r op9ion1 or notion1 or g5]al idea :i* exi/s 9 u2 or1 9 o!r words1 ! recollection ( an ext]nal object (t5 p]ceiv$ ant]iorly4 ,su* = in/ance1 is ?is idea3 8,man is a be+ ( su* & su* a nature40 ,at ! same mom5t t we utt] ! ^w man1 we conceive ! figure ( a man1 9 virtue ( a preconception :i* we owe to ! prec$+ op]ations ( ! s5ses4 ,!re=e1 ! fir/ notion :i* ea* ^w awak5s 9 u is a correct "o2 9 fact1 we c\ld n seek = any?+ if we _h n previ\sly "s notion ( x4 ,to enable u to affirm t :at we see at a di/ance is a horse or an ox1 we mu/ h "s preconception 9 our m9ds :i* makes u acqua9t$ ) ! =m ( a horse & an ox4 ,we c\ld n give names to ?+s1 if we _h n a prelim9>y notion ( :at ! ?+s 74 ,,xxii4 ,^! preconceptions !n furni% u ) c]ta9ty4 ,& ) respect to judgm5ts1 _! c]ta9ty dep5ds on our ref]r+ !m to "s previ\s notion1 ( itself c]ta91 9 virtue ( :i* we affirm su* & su* a judgm5t2 = in/ance1 8,h[ d we "k :e!r ?is ?+ is a man80 ,! ,epicureans call op9ion 77 also supposition 774 ,& say t x is at times true1 & at times false2 = t1 if x is support$ by te/imony1 & n contradict$ by te/imony1 !n x is true2 b if x is n support$ by te/imony1 & is contradict$ by te/imony1 !n x is false4 ,on :i* acc\nt !y h introduc$ ! expression ( 8wait+10 z if1 be=e pron\nc+ t a ?+ se5 is a t[]1 we mu/ wait till we come ne>1 & le>n :at x looks l :5 we are ne> x4 ,,xxiii4 ,!y say t !re are two passions1 pleasure & pa91 :i* affect ev]y?+ alive4 ,& t ! "o is natural1 & ! o!r =eign to our nature2 ) ref]5ce to :i* all objects ( *oice & avoidance are judg$ (4 ,!y say also1 t !re are two k9ds ( inve/igation2 ! "o ab\t facts1 ! o!r ab\t m]e words4 ,& ?is is z f> z an elem5t>y sket* c g--_! doctr9e ab\t division1 & ab\t ! crit]ion4 ,,xxiv4 ,let u n[ g to ! lett]3-- ,,epicurus ,,to ,,h]odotus1 ,,wi%+ ,,he ,,may ,,d ,,well4 8,= ^?1 ,o ,h]odotus1 :o are n able accurately to compreh5d all ! ?+s :i* ,i h writt5 ab\t nature1 nor to inve/igate ^? l>g] books :i* ,i h compos$ on ! subject1 ,i h made an abridgm5t ( ! :ole discussion on ?is "q1 z f> z ,i ?\ght suffici5t to enable !m to recollect accurately ! mo/ fundam5tal po9ts2 t s1 on all grave occasions1 !y might be able to assi/ !mselves on ! mo/ important & und5iable pr9ciples2 9 proportion z !y devot$ !mselves to speculations on natural philosophy4 ,& "h x is necess>y = ^? :o h made suffici5t progress 9 _! view ( ! g5]al "q1 to recollect ! pr9ciples laid d[n z elem5ts ( ! :ole discussion2 = we h /ill great] ne$ ( a correct notion ( ! :ole1 ?an we h ev5 ( an accurate und]/&+ ( ! details4 ,we mu/1 !re=e1 give pref]5ce to ! =m] k1 & lay up 9 our memory ^? pr9ciples on :i* we may re/1 9 ord] to arrive at an exact p]ception ( ?+s1 & at a c]ta9 k ( p>ticul> objects4 8,n[ "o has arriv$ at t po9t :5 "o has ?or\ghly embrac$ ! conceptions1 &1 if ,i may s express myself1 ! mo/ ess5tial =ms1 & :5 "o has impress$ !m adequately on "o's s5ses4 ,= ?is cle> & precise k ( ! :ole1 tak5 toge!r1 necess>ily facilitates "o's p>ticul> p]ceptions1 :5 "o has br\ght "o's ideas back to ! elem5ts & simple t]ms4 ,9 %ort1 a v]itable syn!sis1 compris+ ! entire circle ( ! phnom5a ( ! univ]se1 ought to be able to resume 9 itself1 & 9 a few words1 all ! p>ticul> facts :i* h be5 previ\sly /udi$4 ,?is me?od be+ useful ev5 to ^? :o are already famili>is$ ) ! laws ( ! univ]se1 ,i recomm5d !m1 :ile /ill pursu+ )\t int]mission ! /udy ( nature1 :i* contributes m ?an any?+ else to ! tranquillity & happ9ess ( life1 to make a concise /atem5t or summ>y ( _! op9ions4 8,fir/ ( all1 !n1 ,h]odotus1 "o mu/ det]m9e ) exactness ! notion compreh5d$ "u ea* sep>ate ^w1 9 ord] to be able to ref] to x1 z to a c]ta9 crit]ion1 ! conceptions :i* emanate f ourselves1 ! ult]ior rese>*es & ! difficulties2 o!rwise ! judgm5t has no f\ndation4 ,"o goes on f demon/ration to demon/ration ad inf9itum2 or else "o ga9s no?+ beyond m]e words4 ,9 fact1 x is absolutely necess>y t 9 e ^w we %\ld p]ceive directly1 & )\t ! assi/ance ( any demon/ration1 ! fundam5tal notion :i* x expresses1 if we wi% to h any f\ndation to :i* we may ref] our rese>*es1 our difficulties1 & our p]sonal judgm5ts1 :atev] 9 o!r respects may be ! crit]ion :i* we adopt1 :e!r we take z our /&>d ! impressions produc$ on our s5ses1 or ! actual impression 9 g5]al2 or :e!r we cl+ to ! idea by itself1 or to any o!r crit]ion4 8,we mu/ also note c>efully ! impressions :i* we receive 9 ! pres5ce ( objects1 9 ord] to br+ ourselves back to t po9t 9 ! circum/ances 9 :i* x is necess>y to susp5d ! judgm5t1 or ev5 :5 ! "q is ab\t ?+s1 ! evid5ce ( :i* is n imm$iately p]ceiv$4 8,:5 ^! f\ndations are once laid we may pass to ! /udy ( ^? ?+s1 ! evid5ce ( :i* is n imm$iate4 ,&1 fir/ ( all1 we mu/ admit t no?+ c come ( t :i* does n exi/2 =1 7 ! fact o!rwise1 !n e ?+ w\ld be produc$ f ev]y?+1 & !re w\ld be no ne$ ( any se$4 ,& if t :i* disappe>$ 7 s absolutely de/roy$ z to become non-exi/5t1 !n e ?+ w\ld soon p]i%1 z ! ?+s ) :i* !y w\ld be dissolv$ w\ld h no exi/5ce4 ,b1 9 tru?1 ! univ]sal :ole always 0 su* z x n[ is1 & always w be su*4 ,= !re is no?+ into :i* x c *ange2 = !re is no?+ beyond ?is univ]sal :ole :i* c p5etrate into x1 & produce any *ange 9 x40 7,& ,epicurus e/abli%es ! same pr9ciples at ! beg9n+ ( ! great ,abridgm5t2 & 9 ! fir/ book ( 8 treatise on ,nature47#adj 8,n[ ! univ]sal :ole is a body2 = our s5ses be> u witness 9 e case t bodies h a real exi/5ce2 & ! evid5ce ( ! s5ses1 z ,i h said be=e1 ought to be ! rule ( our reason+s ab\t ev]y?+ :i* is n directly p]ceiv$4 ,o!rwise1 if t :i* we call ! vacuum1 or space1 or intangible nature1 _h n a real exi/5ce1 !re w\ld be no?+ on :i* ! bodies c\ld be conta9$1 or across :i* !y c\ld move1 z we see t !y really d move4 ,let u add to ?is reflection t "o _c conceive1 ei!r 9 virtue ( p]ception1 or ( any analogy f\nd$ on p]ception1 any g5]al quality peculi> to all be+s :i* is n ei!r an attribute1 or an accid5t ( ! body1 or ( ! vacuum40 7,! same pr9ciples are laid d[n 9 ! fir/1 & f\rte5?1 & fifte5? book ( ! treatise on ,nature2 & also 9 ! ,great ,abridgm5t47 8,n[1 ( bodies1 "s are comb9ations1 & "s ! elem5ts out ( :i* ^! comb9ations are =m$4 ,^! la/ are indivisible1 & protect$ f e k9d ( trans=mation2 o!rwise ev]y?+ w\ld be resolv$ into non-exi/5ce4 ,!y exi/ by _! own =ce1 9 ! mid/ ( ! dissolution ( ! comb9$ bodies1 be+ absolutely full1 & z su* (f]+ no h&le = de/ruction to take hold (4 ,x foll[s1 !re=e1 z a matt] ( absolute necessity1 t ! pr9ciples ( ?+s mu/ be corporeal1 indivisible elem5ts4 8,! univ]se is inf9ite4 ,= t :i* is f9ite has an extreme1 & t :i* has an extreme is look$ at 9 relation to some?+ else4 ,consequ5tly1 t :i* has n an extreme1 has no b\nd>y2 & if x has no b\nd>y1 x mu/ be inf9ite1 & n t]m9at$ by any limit4 ,! univ]se !n is inf9ite1 bo? ) ref]5ce to ! quantity ( bodies ( :i* x is made up1 & to ! magnitude ( ! vacuum2 = if ! vacuum 7 inf9ite1 ! bodies be+ f9ite1 !n1 ! bodies w\ld n be able to re/ 9 any place2 !y w\ld be transport$ ab\t1 scatt]$ across ! inf9ite vacuum = want ( any p[] to /eady !mselves1 or to keep "o ano!r 9 _! places by mutual repulsion4 ,if1 on ! o!r h&1 ! vacuum 7 f9ite1 ! bodies be+ inf9ite1 !n ! bodies cle>ly c\ld nev] be conta9$ 9 ! vacuum4 8,aga93 ! atoms :i* =m ! bodies1 ^! full elem5ts f :i* ! comb9$ bodies come1 & into :i* !y resolve !mselves1 assume an incalculable v>iety ( =ms1 = ! num]\s diff]5ces :i* ! bodies pres5t _c possibly result f an aggregate ( ! same =ms4 ,ea* v>iety ( =ms conta9s an inf9ity ( atoms1 b !re is n = t reason an inf9ity ( atoms2 x is only ! numb] ( !m :i* is beyond all calculation40 7,epicurus adds1 a little l[] d[n1 t divisibility1 ad inf9itum1 is impossible2 =1 says he1 ! only ?+s :i* *ange are ! qualities2 unless1 inde$1 "o wi%es to proce$ f division to division1 till "o arrives absolutely at inf9ite littl5ess47 8,! atoms are 9 a cont9ual /ate ( motion40 7,he says1 f>!r on1 t !y move ) an equal rapidity f all et]nity1 s9ce ! vacuum (f]s no m resi/ance to ! lighte/ ?an x does to ! heavie/47 8,among ! atoms1 "s are sep>at$ by great di/ances1 o!rs come v ne> to "o ano!r 9 ! =mation ( comb9$ bodies1 or at times are envelop$ by o!rs :i* are comb9+2 b 9 ?is latt] case !y1 nev]!less1 pres]ve _! own peculi> motion1 ?anks to ! nature ( ! vacuum1 :i* sep>ates ! "o f ! o!r1 & yet (f]s !m no resi/ance4 ,! solidity :i* !y possess causes !m1 :ile knock+ aga9/ "o ano!r1 to re-act ! "o ^u ! o!r2 till at la/ ! repeat$ %ocks br+ on ! dissolution ( ! comb9$ body2 & = all ?is !re is no ext]nal cause1 ! atoms & ! vacuum be+ ! only causes40 7,he says1 fur!r on1 t ! atoms h no peculi> quality ( _! own1 except f magnitude & weight4 ,z to col\r1 he says 9 ! twelf? book ( 8 ,pr9cipia1 t x v>ies accord+ to ! position ( ! atoms4 ,moreov]1 he does n attribute to ! atoms any k9d ( dim5sions2 &1 accord+ly1 no atom has ev] be5 p]ceiv$ by ! s5ses2 b ?is expression1 if p only recollect :at is "h said1 w by itself (f] to ! ?\ghts a suffici5t image ( ! nature ( ?+s47 8,b1 aga91 ! worlds also are inf9ite1 :e!r !y resemble ?is "o ( ours or :e!r !y are diff]5t f x4 ,=1 z ! atoms are1 z to _! numb]1 inf9ite1 z ,i h prov$ above1 !y necess>ily move ab\t at imm5se di/ances2 = besides1 ?is inf9ite multitude ( atoms1 ( :i* ! _w is =m$1 or by :i* x is produc$1 c\ld n be entirely absorb$ by "o s+le _w1 nor ev5 by any worlds1 ! numb] ( :i* 0 limit$1 :e!r we suppose !m l ?is _w ( ours1 or diff]5t f x4 ,!re is1 !re=e1 no fact inconsi/5t ) an inf9ity ( worlds4 8,moreov]1 !re are images resembl+1 z f> z _! =m goes1 ! solid bodies :i* we see1 b :i* diff] mat]ially f !m 9 ! ?9ness ( _! sub/ance4 ,9 fact x is n impossible b t !re may be 9 space "s secretions ( ?is k9d1 & an aptitude to =m surfaces )\t dep?1 & ( an extreme ?9ness2 or else t f ! solids !re may emanate "s p>ticles :i* pres]ve ! connection1 ! disposition1 & ! motion :i* !y _h 9 ! body4 ,i give ! "n ( images to ^! repres5tations2 &1 inde$1 _! movem5t ?r\gh ! vacuum tak+ place1 )\t meet+ any ob/acle or h9drance1 p]fects all imag9able ext5t 9 an inconceivable mom5t ( "t2 = x is ! meet+ ( ob/acles1 or ! abs5ce ( ob/acles1 :i* produces ! rapidity or ! sl[ness ( _! motion4 ,at all ev5ts1 a body 9 motion does n f9d itself1 at any mom5t imag9able1 9 two places at ! same "t2 t is q inconceivable4 ,f :atev] po9t ( inf9ity x arrives at "s appreciable mom5t1 & :atev] may be ! spot 9 its c\rse 9 :i* we p]ceive its motion1 x has evid5tly quitt$ t spot at ! mom5t ( our ?\ght2 = ?is motion :i*1 z we h admitt$ up to ?is po9t1 enc\nt]s no ob/acle to its rapidity1 is :olly 9 ! same condition z t ! rapidity ( :i* is dim9i%$ by ! %ock ( "s resi/ance4 8,x is useful1 also1 to reta9 ?is pr9ciple1 & to "k t ! images h an incomp>able ?9ness2 :i* fact inde$ is 9 no respect contradict$ by s5sible appe>ances4 ,f :i* x foll[s t _! rapidity also is incomp>able2 = !y f9d ev]y:]e an easy passage1 & besides1 _! inf9ite smallness causes !m to exp]i5ce no %ock1 or at all ev5ts to exp]i5ce b a v slight "o1 :ile an inf9ite multitude ( elem5ts v soon enc\nt] "s resi/ance4 8,"o mu/ n =get t ! production ( images is simultane\s ) ! ?\ght2 = f ! surface ( ! bodies images ( ?is k9d are cont9ually fl[+ (f 9 an ins5sible mann] inde$1 because !y are imm$iately replac$4 ,!y pres]ve = a long "t ! same disposition1 & ! same arrangem5t t ! atoms d 9 ! solid body1 al?\gh1 not)/&+1 _! =m may be sometimes alt]$4 ,! direct production ( images 9 space is equally in/antane\s1 because ^! images are only light sub/ances de/itute ( dep?4 8,b !re are o!r mann]s 9 :i* natures ( ?is k9d are produc$2 = !re is no?+ 9 all ?is :i* at all contradicts ! s5ses1 if "o only consid]s 9 :at way ! s5ses are ex]cis$1 & if "o is incl9$ to expla9 ! relation :i* is e/abli%$ betwe5 ext]nal objects & ourselves4 ,also1 "o mu/ admit t some?+ passes f ext]nal objects into u 9 ord] to produce 9 u sight & ! k ( =ms2 = x is difficult to conceive t ext]nal objects c affect u ?r\gh ! m$ium ( ! air :i* is betwe5 u & !m1 or by means ( rays1 :atev] emissions proce$ f u to !m1 s z to give u an impression ( _! =m & col\r4 ,?is ph5om5on1 on ! contr>y1 is p]fectly expla9$1 if we admit t c]ta9 images ( ! same col\r1 ( ! same %ape1 & ( a proportionate magnitude pass f ^! objects to u1 & s arrive at be+ se5 & compreh5d$4 ,^! images are animat$ by an exce$+ rapidity1 &1 z on ! o!r side1 ! solid object =m+ a compact mass1 & compris+ a va/ quantity ( atoms1 emits always ! same quantity ( p>ticles1 ! vision is cont9u$1 & only produces 9 u "o s+le p]ception :i* pres]ves always ! same relation to ! object4 ,e conception1 e s5sible p]ception :i* be>s ^u ! =m or ! o!r attributes ( ^! images1 is only ! same =m ( ! solid p]ceiv$ directly1 ei!r 9 virtue ( a sort ( actual & cont9u$ cond5sation ( ! image1 or 9 consequ5ce ( ! traces :i* x has left 9 u4 8,error & false judgm5ts always dep5d ^u ! supposition t a preconceiv$ idea w be confirm$1 or at all ev5ts w n be ov]turn$1 by evid5ce4 ,!n1 :5 x is n confirm$1 we =m our judgm5t 9 virtue ( a sort ( initiation ( ! ?\ghts connect$1 x is true ) ! p]ception1 & ) a direct repres5tation2 b /ill connect$ also ) a conception peculi> to ourselves1 :i* is ! p>5t ( error4 ,9 fact ! repres5tations :i* intellig5ce reflects l a mirror1 :e!r "o p]ceives !m 9 a dream1 or by any o!r conceptions ( ! intellect1 or ( any o!r ( ! crit]ia1 c nev] resemble ! objects t "o calls real & true1 unless !re 7 objects ( ?is k9d p]ceiv$ directly4 ,&1 on ! o!r side1 error c\ld n be possible if we did n receive "s o!r motion also1 a sort ( initiative ( intellig5ce connect$2 x is true ) direct repres5tation1 b go+ beyond t repres5tative4 ,^! conceptions be+ connect$ ) ! direct p]ception :i* produces ! repres5tation1 b go+ beyond x1 9 consequ5ce ( a motion peculi> to ! individual ?\ght1 produces error :5 x is n confirm$ by evid5ce1 or :5 x is contradict$ by evid5ce2 b :5 x is confirm$1 or :5 x is n contradict$ by evid5ce1 !n x produces tru?4 8,we mu/ c>efully pres]ve ^! pr9ciples 9 ord] n to reject ! au?ority ( ! faculties :i* p]ceive tru? directly2 & n1 on ! o!r h&1 to all[ :at is false to be e/abli%$ ) equal firmness1 s z to ?r[ ev]y?+ into confusion4 8,moreov]1 he>+ is produc$ by "s sort ( curr5t proce$+ f some?+ t speaks1 or s\nds1 or ro>s1 or 9 any mann] causes any sort ( audible circum/ance4 ,& ?is curr5t is diffus$ into small bodies resembl+ "o ano!r 9 _! p>ts2 :i*1 pres]v+ n only "s k9d ( relation betwe5 "o ano!r1 b ev5 a sort ( p>ticul> id5tity ) ! object f :i* !y emanate1 puts u1 v frequ5tly1 into a communication ( s5tim5ts ) ?is object1 or at lea/ causes u to become aw>e ( ! exi/5ce ( "s ext]nal circum/ance4 ,if ^! curr5ts did n c>ry ) !m "s sort ( sympa?y1 !n !re w\ld be no su* p]ception4 ,we mu/ n !re=e ?9k t x is ! air :i* receives a c]ta9 =m1 "u ! action ( ! voice or ( "s o!r s\nd4 ,= x is utt]ly impossible t ! voice %\ld act 9 ?is mann] on ! air4 ,b ! p]cussion produc$ 9 u :5 we1 by ! utt]ance ( a voice1 cause a dis5gagem5t ( c]ta9 p>ticles1 con/itutes a curr5t resembl+ a light :isp]1 & prep>es an ac\/ic feel+ = u4 8,we mu/ admit t ! case ( smell+ is ! same z t ( he>+4 ,!re w\ld be no s5se ( smell if !re did n emanate f mo/ objects c]ta9 p>ticles capable ( produc+ an impression on ! smell4 ,"o class be+ ill-suit$ to ! organ1 & consequ5tly produc+ a disord]$ /ate ( x1 ! o!r be+ suit$ to x1 & caus+ x no di/ress4 8,"o mu/ also all[1 t ! atoms possess no "o ( ! qualities ( s5sible objects1 except =m1 weight1 magnitude & any?+ else is unavoidably inh]5t 9 =m2 9 fact1 e quality is *angeable1 b ! atoms are necess>ily un*angeable2 = x is impossible b t 9 ! dissolution ( comb9$ bodies1 !re mu/ be some?+ :i* cont9ues solid & inde/ructible1 ( su* a k9d1 t x w n *ange ei!r into :at does n exi/1 or out ( :at does n exi/2 b t x results ei!r f a simple displacem5t ( p>ts1 :i* is ! mo/ usual case1 or f ! addition or subtraction ( c]ta9 p>ticles4 ,x foll[s f t1 t t :i* does n admit ( any *ange 9 itself1 is imp]i%able1 p>ticipates 9 no respect 9 ! nature ( *angeable ?+s1 & 9 a ^w1 has its dim5sions & =ms immutably det]m9$4 ,& ?is is prov$ pla9ly en\gh1 because ev5 9 ! trans=mations :i* take place "u our eyes1 9 consequ5ce ( ! retr5*m5t ( c]ta9 p>ts1 we c /ill recognise ! =m ( ^! con/itu5t p>ts2 :ile ^? qualities1 :i* are n con/itu5t p>ts1 d n rema9 l ! =m1 b p]i% 9 ! dissolution ( ! comb9ation4 ,! attributes :i* we h indicat$1 suffice to expla9 all ! diff]5ces ( comb9$ bodies2 = we mu/ inevitably leave some?+ inde/ructible1 le/ ev]y?+ %\ld resolve itself into non-exi/5ce4 8,h[ev]1 "o mu/ n believe t e k9d ( magnitude exi/s 9 atoms1 le/ we f9d ourselves contradict$ by phnom5a4 ,b we mu/ admit t !re are atoms ( diff]5t magnitude1 because1 z t is ! case1 x is !n m easy to expla9 ! impressions & s5sations2 at all ev5ts1 ,i repeat1 x is n necess>y = ! purpose ( expla9+ ! diff]5ces ( ! qualities1 to attribute to atoms e k9d ( magnitude4 8,we mu/ n suppose ei!r1 t an atom c become visible to u2 =1 fir/ ( all1 "o does n see t t is ! case1 & besides1 "o _c ev5 conceive1 h[ an atom is to become visible2 besides1 we mu/ n believe1 t 9 a f9ite body !re are p>ticles ( e sort1 inf9ite 9 numb]2 consequ5tly1 "o mu/ n only reject ! doctr9e ( inf9ite divisibility 9 p>cels small] & small]1 le/ we %\ld be r$uc+ ev]y?+ to no?+1 & f9d ourselves =c$ to admit1 t 9 a mass compos$ ( a cr[d ( elem5ts1 exi/5ce c r$uce itself to non-exi/5ce4 ,b "o _c ev5 suppose t a f9ite object c be susceptible ( trans=mations ad inf9itum1 or ev5 ( trans=mation into small] objects ?an itself2 = :5 once "o has said t !re are 9 an object p>ticles ( e k9d1 inf9ite 9 numb]1 !re is absolutely no means :atev] ( imag9+ t ?is object c h only a f9ite magnitude2 9 fact1 x is evid5t t ^! p>ticles1 inf9ite 9 numb]1 h "s k9d ( dim5sion or o!r1 & :atev] ?is dim5sion may be 9 o!r respects1 ! objects :i* are compos$ ( x w h an inf9ite magnitude2 9 pres5t+ =ms :i* are det]m9$1 & limits :i* are p]ceiv$ by ! s5ses1 "o conceives1 easily1 )\t its be+ necess>y to /udy ?is la/ "q directly1 t ?is w\ld be ! consequ5ce ( ! contr>y supposition1 & t consequ5tly1 "o mu/ come to look at e object z inf9ite4 8,"o mu/ also admit1 t ! mo/ m9ute p>ticle p]ceptible to ! s5se1 is nei!r absolutely l ! objects :i* are susceptible ( trans=mation1 nor absolutely diff]5t f !m4 ,x has "s *>act]i/ics 9 common ) ! object :i* admit ( trans=mation1 b x also diff]s f !m1 inasmu* z x does n all[ any di/9ct p>ts to be disc]n$ 9 x4 ,:5 !n1 9 virtue ( ^! common *>act]i/ics1 & ( ?is resemblance1 we wi% to =m an idea ( ! smalle/ p>ticle p]ceptible by ! s5ses1 9 tak+ ! objects :i* *ange = our t]ms ( comp>ison1 x is necess>y t we %\ld seize on "s *>act]i/ic common to ^! diff]5t objects4 ,9 ?is way1 we exam9e !m successively1 f ! fir/ to ! la/1 n by !mselves1 nor z compos$ ( p>ts 9 juxtaposition1 b only 9 _! ext5t2 9 o!r words1 we consid] ! magnitudes by !mselves1 & 9 an ab/ract mann]1 inasmu* z !y measure1 ! great] a great] ext5t1 & ! small] a small] ext5t4 ,?is analogy applies to ! atom1 z f> z we consid] x z hav+ ! smalle/ dim5sions possible4 ,evid5tly by its m9ut5ess1 x diff]s f all s5sible objects1 /ill ?is analogy is applicable to x2 9 a ^w1 we e/abli% by ?is comp>ison1 t ! atom really has "s ext5t1 b we exclude all consid]able dim5sions1 = ! sake ( only inve/+ x ) ! smalle/ proportions4#ada 8,we mu/ also admit1 9 tak+ = our guide1 ! reason+ :i* disc\rses to u ?+s :i* are invisible to ! s5ses1 t ! mo/ m9ute magnitudes1 ^? :i* are n comp\nd magnitudes1 & :i* f ! limit ( s5sible ext5t1 are ! fir/ measure ( ! o!r magnitudes :i* are only call$ great] or less 9 _! relation to ! o!rs4 ,= ^! relations :i* !y ma9ta9 ) ^! p>ticles1 :i* are n subject to trans=mation1 suffice to give !m ?is *>act]i/ic ( fir/ measure4 ,b !y _c1 l atoms1 comb9e !mselves1 & =m comp\nd bodies 9 virtue ( any motion belong+ to !mselves4 8,moreov]1 we mu/ n say 7:ile speak+ ( ! inf9ite71 t su* or su* a po9t is ! highe/ po9t ( x1 or ! l[e/4 ,= height & l[ness mu/ n be pr$icat$ ( ! inf9ite4 ,we "k1 9 reality1 t if1 wi%+ to det]m9e ! inf9ite1 we conceive a po9t above our head1 ?is po9t1 :atev] x may be1 w nev] appe> to u to h ! "* 9 "q3 o!rwise1 t :i* w\ld be situat$ above ! po9t s conceiv$ z ! limit ( ! inf9ite1 w\ld be at ! same mom5t1 & by virtue ( its relation to ! same po9t1 bo? high & l[2 & ?is is impossible to imag9e4 8,x foll[s t ?\ght c only conceive t "o s+le movem5t ( transf]5ce1 f l[ to high1 ad inf9itum2 & "o s+le movem5t f high to l[4 ,f l[ to high1 :5 ev5 ! object 9 motion1 go+ f u to ! places situat$ above our heads1 meets t5 ?\s& times ) ! feet ( ^? :o are above u2 & f high to l[1 :5 9 ! same way x advances t[>ds ! heads ( ^? :o are bel[ u4 ,= ^! two movem5ts1 look$ at by !mselves & 9 _! :ole1 are conceiv$ z really oppos$ ! "o to ! o!r1 9 _! progress t[>ds ! inf9ite4 8,moreov]1 all ! atoms are necess>ily animat$ by ! same rapidity1 :5 !y move across ! vacuum1 or :5 no ob/acle ?w>ts !m4 ,= :y %\ld heavy atoms h a m rapid movem5t ?an ^? :i* are small & light1 s9ce 9 no qu>t] d !y enc\nt] any ob/acle8 ,:y1 on ! o!r h&1 %\ld ! small atoms h a rapidity sup]ior to t ( ! l>ge ones1 s9ce bo? ! "o & ! o!r f9d ev]y:]e an easy passage1 f ! v mom5t t no ob/acle int]v5es to ?w>t _! movem5ts8 ,movem5t f l[ to high1 horizontal movem5t to & fro1 9 virtue ( ! reciprocal p]cussion ( ! atoms1 movem5t d[nw>ds1 9 virtue ( _! weight1 w be all equal1 = 9 :atev] s5se ! atom moves1 x mu/ h a movem5t z rapid z ! ?\ght1 till ! mom5t :5 x is repell$1 9 virtue ( "s ext]nal cause1 or ( its own prop] weight1 by ! %ock ( "s object :i* resi/s x4 8,aga91 ev5 9 ! comp\nd bodies1 "o atom does n move m rapidly ?an ano!r4 ,9 fact1 if "o only looks at ! cont9u$ movem5t ( an atom :i* takes place 9 an indivisible mom5t ( "t1 ! briefe/ possible1 !y all h a movem5t equally rapid4 ,at ! same "t1 an atom has n1 9 any mom5t p]ceptible to ! intellig5ce1 a cont9u$ movem5t 9 ! same direction2 b r a s]ies ( oscillat+ movem5ts f :i* !re results1 9 ! la/ analysis1 a cont9u$ movem5t p]ceptible to ! s5ses4 ,if !n1 "o 7 to suppose1 9 virtue ( a reason+ on ?+s invisible1 t1 9 ! int]vals ( "t accessible to ?\ght1 ! atoms h a cont9u$ movem5t "o w\ld deceive "o's self1 = t :i* is conceiv$ by ! ?\ght is true z well z t :i* is directly p]ceiv$4 8,let u n[ return to ! /udy ( ! affections1 & ( ! s5sations2 = ?is w be ! be/ me?od ( prov+ t ! s\l is a bodily sub/ance compos$ ( slight p>ticles1 diffus$ ov] all ! memb]s ( ! body1 & pres5t+ a great analogy to a sort ( _s1 hav+ an admixture ( heat1 resembl+ at "o "t "o1 & at ano!r "t ! o!r ( ^? two pr9ciples4 ,!re exi/s 9 x a special "p1 end[$ ) an extreme mobility1 9 consequ5ce ( ! exce$+ slightness ( ! elem5ts :i* compose x1 & also 9 ref]5ce to its m imm$iate sympa?y ) ! re/ ( ! body4 ,t x is :i* ! faculties ( ! s\l suffici5tly prove1 & ! passions1 & ! mobility ( its nature1 & ! ?\ghts1 &1 9 a ^w1 ev]y?+1 ! privation ( :i* is dea?4 ,we mu/ admit t x is 9 ! s\l mo/ especially t ! pr9ciple ( s5sation resides4 ,at ! same "t1 x w\ld n possess ?is p[] if x 7 n envelop$ by ! re/ ( ! body :i* communicates x to x1 & 9 its turn receives x f x1 b only 9 a c]ta9 measure2 = !re are c]ta9 affections ( ! s\l ( :i* x is n capable4 8,x is on t acc\nt t1 :5 ! s\l dep>ts1 ! body is no long] possess$ ( s5sation2 = x has n ?is p[]1 7t ( s5sation namely7 9 itself2 b1 on ! o!r h&1 ?is p[] c only manife/ itself 9 ! s\l ?r\gh ! m$ium ( ! body4 ,! s\l1 reflect+ ! manife/ations :i* are accompli%$ 9 ! sub/ance :i* environs x1 realises 9 itself1 9 a virtue or p[] :i* belongs to x1 ! s5sible affections1 & imm$iately communicates !m to ! body 9 virtue ( ! reciprocal bonds ( sympa?y :i* unite x to ! body2 t is ! reason :y ! de/ruction ( a "p ( ! body does n draw aft] x a cessation ( all feel+ 9 ! s\l :ile x resides 9 ! body1 provid$ t ! s5ses /ill pres]ve "s en]gy2 al?\gh1 nev]!less1 ! dissolution ( ! corporeal cov]+1 or ev5 ( any "o ( its portions1 may sometimes br+ on ) x ! de/ruction ( ! s\l4 8,! re/ ( ! body1 on ! o!r h&1 ev5 :5 x rema9s1 ei!r z a :ole1 or 9 any "p1 loses all feel+ by ! disp]sion ( t aggregate ( atoms1 :atev] x may be1 t =ms ! s\l4 ,:5 ! entire comb9ation ( ! body is dissolv$1 !n ! s\l too is dissolv$1 & ceases to reta9 ^? faculties :i* 7 previ\sly inh]5t 9 x1 & especially ! p[] ( motion2 s t s5sation p]i%es equally z f> z ! s\l is conc]n$2 = x is impossible to imag9e t x /ill feels1 f ! mom5t :5 x is no long] 9 ! same conditions ( exi/5ce1 & no long] possesses ! same movem5ts ( exi/5ce 9 ref]5ce to ! same organic sy/em2 f ! mom5t1 9 %ort1 :5 ! ?+s :i* cov] & surr\nd x are no long] su*1 t x reta9s 9 !m ! same movem5ts z be=e4 7,epicurus expresses ! same ideas 9 o!r works1 & adds t ! s\l is compos$ ( atoms ( ! mo/ p]fect lightness & r\ndness2 atoms :olly diff]5t f ^? ( fire4 ,he di/+ui%es 9 x ! irrational "p :i* is diffus$ ov] ! :ole body1 f ! rational "p :i* has its seat 9 ! *e/1 z is prov$ by ! emotions ( fe> & joy4 ,he adds t sleep is produc$ :5 ! p>ts ( ! s\l diffus$ ov] ! :ole ( ! body conc5tre !mselves1 or :5 !y disp]se & escape by ! pores ( ! body2 = p>ticles emanate f all bodies47 8,x mu/ also be obs]v$1 t ,i use ! ^w incorporeal 77 9 ! usual acceptation ( ! ^w1 to express t :i* is 9 itself conceiv$ z su*4 ,n[1 no?+ c be conceiv$ 9 itself z incorporeal except ! vacuum2 b ! vacuum _c be ei!r passive or active2 x is only ! condition & ! place ( movem5t4 ,accord+ly1 !y :o pret5d t ! s\l is incorporeal1 utt] words de/itute ( s5se2 =1 if x _h ?is "*1 x w\ld n be able ei!r to d or to suff] any?+2 b1 z x is1 we see pla9ly en\gh t x is liable to bo? ^! circum/ances4 8,let u !n apply all ^! reason+s to ! affections & s5sations1 recollect+ ! ideas :i* we laid d[n at ! beg9n+1 & !n we %all see cle>ly t ^! g5]al pr9ciples conta9 an exact solution ( all ! p>ticul> cases4 8,z to =ms1 & hues1 & magnitudes1 & weight1 & ! o!r qualities :i* "o looks ^u z attributes1 :e!r x be ( e body1 or ( ^? bodies only :i* are visible & p]ceiv$ by ! s5ses1 ?is is ! po9t ( view "u :i* !y ought to be consid]$3 !y are n p>ticul> sub/ances1 hav+ a peculi> exi/5ce ( _! own1 = t _c be conceiv$2 nor c "o say any m t !y h no reality at all4 ,!y are n incorporeal sub/ances inh]5t 9 ! body1 nor are !y p>ts ( ! body4 ,b !y con/itute by _! union ! et]nal sub/ance & ! ess5ce ( ! entire body4 ,we mu/ n fancy1 h[ev]1 t ! body is compos$ ( !m1 z an aggregate is =m$ ( p>ticles ( ! smalle/ dim5sions ( atoms or magnitudes1 :atev] !y may be1 small] ?an ! comp\nd body itself2 !y only con/itute by _! union1 ,i repeat1 ! et]nal sub/ance ( ! body4 ,ea* ( ^! attributes has ideas & p>ticul> p]ceptions :i* correspond to x2 b !y _c be p]ceiv$ indep5d5tly ( ! :ole subject tak5 entirely2 ! union ( all ^! p]ceptions =ms ! idea ( ! body4 ,bodies (t5 possess o!r attributes :i* are n et]nally inh]5t 9 !m1 b :i*1 nev]!less1 _c be rang$ among ! incorporeal & invisible ?+s4 ,accord+ly1 x is suffici5t to express ! g5]al idea ( ! movem5t ( transf]5ce to enable u to conceive 9 a mom5t c]ta9 di/9ct qualities1 & ^? comb9$ be+s1 :i*1 be+ tak5 9 _! totality1 receive ! "n ( bodies2 & ! necess>y & et]nal attributes )\t :i* ! body _c be conceiv$4 8,!re are c]ta9 conceptions correspond+ to ^! attributes2 b1 nev]!less1 !y _c be kn[n ab/ract$ly1 & indep5d5tly ( "s subjects2 & fur!r1 inasmu* z !y are n attributes necess>ily inh]5t 9 ! idea ( a body1 "o c only conceive !m 9 ! mom5t 9 :i* !y are visible2 !y are realities nev]!less2 & "o mu/ n refuse !m be+ an exi/5ce m]ely because !y h nei!r ! *>act]i/ic ( ! comp\nd be+s to :i* we give ! "n ( bodies1 nor t ( ! et]nal attributes4 ,we %\ld be equally deceiv$ if we 7 to suppose t !y h a sep>ate & indep5d5t exi/5ce2 = t is true nei!r ( !m nor ( ! et]nal attributes4 ,!y are1 z "o sees pla9ly1 accid5ts ( ! body2 accid5ts :i* d n ( necessity make any "p ( its nature2 :i* _c be consid]$ z indep5d5t sub/ances1 b /ill to ea* ( :i* s5sation gives ! peculi> "* "u :i* x appe>s to u4 8,ano!r important "q is t ( "t4 ,"h we _c apply any m ! me?od ( exam9ation to :i* we submit o!r objects1 :i* we /udy ) ref]5ce to a giv5 subject2 & :i* we ref] to ! preconceptions :i* exi/ 9 ourselves4 ,we mu/ seize1 by analogy1 & go+ r\nd ! :ole circle ( ?+s compris$ "u ?is g5]al d5om9ation ( "t--we mu/ seize1 ,i say--t ess5tial "* :i* causes u to say t a "t is long or %ort4 ,x is n necess>y = t purpose to seek = any new =ms ( expression z pref]able to ^? :i* are 9 common use2 we may cont5t ourselves ) ^? by :i* "t is usually indicat$4 ,nor ne$ we1 z c]ta9 philosoph]s d1 affirm any p>ticul> attribute ( "t1 = t w\ld be to suppose t its ess5ce is ! same z t ( ?is attribute4 ,x is suffici5t too seek = ! +r$i5ts ( :i* ?is p>ticul> nature :i* we call "t is compos$1 & = ! means by :i* x is measur$4 ,= ?is we h no ne$ ( demon/ration2 a simple exposition is suffici5t4 ,x is1 9 fact1 evid5t1 t we speak ( "t z compos$ ( days & nights1 & p>ts ( days & nights2 passiv5ess & impassibility1 movem5t & repose1 are equally compris$ 9 "t4 ,9 %ort1 x is evid5t t 9 connection ) ^! diff]5t /ates1 we conceive a p>ticul> prop]ty to :i* we give ! "n ( "t4 7,epicurus lays d[n ! same pr9ciples 9 ! second book ( 8 treatise on ,nature1 & 9 8 great ,abridgm5t47 8,x is f ! inf9ite t ! worlds are d]iv$1 & all ! f9ite aggregates :i* pres5t num]\s analogies ) ! ?+s :i* we obs]ve "u our own eyes4 ,ea* ( ^! objects1 great & small1 has be5 sep>at$ f ! inf9ite by a movem5t peculi> to itself4 ,on ! o!r h&1 all ^! bodies w be successively de/roy$1 "s m1 & o!rs less rapidly2 "s "u ! influ5ce ( "o cause1 & o!rs because ( ! ag5cy ( "s o!r4 7,x is evid5t1 aft] ?is1 t ,epicurus reg>ds ! worlds z p]i%able1 s9ce he admits t _! p>ts are capable ( trans=mation4 ,he also says 9 o!r places1 t ! e>? re/s susp5d$ 9 ! air47 8,we mu/ n believe t ! worlds h ( necessity all "o id5tical =m4 7,he says1 9 fact1 9 ! twelf? book ( 8 treatise on ! ,_w1 t ! worlds diff] f "o ano!r2 "s be+ sph]ical1 o!r elliptical1 & o!rs ( o!r %apes47 8,nev]!less1 !re are n worlds ( e possible =m & %ape4 8,let u also bew>e ( ?9k+ t animals are d]iv$ f ! inf9ite2 = !re is no "o :o c prove t ! g]ms f :i* animals are born1 & plants1 & all ! o!r objects :i* we contemplate1 h be5 br\ght f ! ext]ior 9 su* a _w1 & t ?is same _w w\ld n h be5 able to produce !m ( itself4 ,?is rem>k applies p>ticul>ly to ! e>?4 8,aga91 we mu/ admit t 9 _m & v>i\s respects1 nature is bo? in/ruct$ & con/ra9$ by circum/ances !mselves2 & t reason subsequ5tly makes p]fect & enri*es ) additional discov]ies ! ?+s :i* x has borr[$ f nature2 9 "s cases rapidly1 & 9 o!rs m sl[ly4 ,& 9 "s cases accord+ to p]iods & times great] ?an ^? :i* proce$ f ! inf9ite2 9 o!r cases accord+ to ^? :i* are small]4 ,s1 orig9ally x 0 only 9 virtue ( express agreem5ts t "o gave names to ?+s4 ,b m5 ^: ideas & passions v>i$ accord+ to _! respective nations1 =m$ ^! names ( _! own accord1 utt]+ div]s s\nds produc$ by ea* passion1 or by ea* idea1 foll[+ ! diff]5ces ( ! situations & ( ! peoples4 ,at a lat] p]iod "o e/abli%$ 9 ea* nation1 9 a uni=m mann]1 p>ticul> t]ms int5d$ to r5d] ! relations m easy1 & language m concise4 ,educat$ m5 introduc$ ! notion ( ?+s n discov]able by ! s5ses1 & appropriat$ words to !m :5 !y f\nd !mselves "u ! necessity ( utt]+ _! ?\ghts2 aft] ?is1 o!r m51 guid$ 9 e po9t by reason1 int]pret$ ^! words 9 ! same s5se4 8,z to ! heav5ly phnom5a1 su* z ! motion & c\rse ( ! />s1 ! eclipses1 _! ris+ & sett+1 & all o!r appe>ances ( ! same k9d1 we mu/ bew>e ( ?9k+ t !y are produc$ by any p>ticul> be+ :i* has regulat$1 or ^: bus9ess x is to regulate1 = ! future1 ! ord] ( ! _w1 a be+ immortal & p]fectly happy2 = ! c>es & anxieties1 ! b5evol5ce & ! ang]1 f> f be+ compatible ) felicity1 are1 on ! contr>y1 ! consequ5ce ( weakness1 ( fe>1 & ( ! want :i* a ?+ has ( some?+ else4 ,we mu/ n fancy ei!r t ^! globes ( fire1 :i* roll on 9 space1 enjoy a p]fect happ9ess1 & give !mselves1 ) reflection & wisdom1 ! motions :i* !y possess4 ,b we mu/ respect ! e/abli%$ notions on ?is subject1 provid$1 nev]!less1 t !y d n all contradict ! respect due to tru?2 = no?+ is m calculat$ to tr\ble ! s\l ?an ?is /rife ( contradictory notions & pr9ciples4 ,we mu/ !re=e admit t f ! fir/ movem5t impress$ on ! heav5ly bodies s9ce ! organization ( ! _w !re is d]iv$ a sort ( necessity :i* regulates _! c\rse to ?is day4 8,let u be well assur$ t x is to physiology t x belongs to det]m9e ! causes ( ! mo/ elevat$ phnom5a1 & t happ9ess consi/s1 above all ?+s1 9 ! sci5ce ( ! heav5ly ?+s & _! nature1 & 9 ! k ( analog\s phnom5a :i* may aid u 9 ! compreh5sion ( ! e?ics4 ,^! heav5ly phnom5a admit ( sev]al explanations2 !y h no reason ( a necess>y "*1 & "o may expla9 !m 9 diff]5t mann]s4 ,9 a ^w1 !y h no relation--a mom5t's consid]ation w prove ?is by itself--) ^? imp]i%able & happy natures :i* admit ( no division & ( no confusion4 ,z = ! !oretical k ( ! ris+ & sett+ ( ! />s1 ( ! movem5t ( ! sun betwe5 ! tropics1 ( ! eclipses1 & all o!r simil> phnom5a1 t is utt]ly useless1 z f> z any influ5ce ^u happ9ess t x c h4 ,moreov]1 ^? :o1 ?\gh possess$ ( ?is k1 are ignorant ( nature1 & ( ! mo/ probable causes ( ! phnom5a1 are no m protect$ f fe> ?an if !y 7 9 ! mo/ complete ignorance2 !y ev5 exp]i5ce ! mo/ lively fe>s1 = ! tr\ble1 ) :i* ! k ( :i* !y are possess$ inspires !m1 c f9d no issue1 & is n dissipat$ by a cle> p]ception ( ! reasons ( ^! phnom5a4 8,z to u1 we f9d _m explanations ( ! motions ( ! sun1 ( ! ris+ & sett+ ( ! />s1 ( ! eclipses & simil> phnom5a1 j z well z ( ! m p>ticul> phnom5a4 ,& "o mu/ n ?9k t ?is me?od ( explanation is n suffici5t to procure happ9ess & tranquillity4 ,let u cont5t ourselves ) exam9+ h[ x is t simil> phnom5a are br\ght ab\t "u our own eyes1 & let u apply ^! obs]vations to ! heav5ly objects & to ev]y?+ :i* is n kn[n b indirectly4 ,let u despise ^? p :o are unable to di/+ui% facts susceptible ( diff]5t explanations f o!rs :i* c only exi/ & be expla9$ 9 "o s+le way4 ,let u disda9 ^? m5 :o d n "k1 by means ( ! diff]5t images :i* result f di/ance1 h[ to give an acc\nt ( ! diff]5t appe>ances ( ?+s2 :o1 9 a ^w1 are ignorant :at are ! objects :i* c excite any tr\ble 9 u4 ,if1 !n1 we "k t su* a phnom5on c be br\ght ab\t 9 ! same mann] z ano!r giv5 phnom5on ( ! same "* :i* does n inspire u ) any appreh5sion2 & if1 on ! o!r h&1 we "k t x c take place 9 _m diff]5t mann]s1 we %all n be m tr\bl$ at ! sight ( x ?an if we knew ! real cause ( x4 8,we mu/ also recollect t t :i* pr9cipally contributes to tr\ble ! _s ( m5 is ! p]suasion :i* !y *]i% t ! />s are be+s imp]i%able & p]fectly happy1 & t !n "o's ?\ghts & actions are 9 contradiction to ! w ( ^! sup]ior be+s2 !y also1 be+ delud$ by ^! fables1 appreh5d an et]nity ( evils1 !y fe> ! ins5sibility ( dea?1 z t c\ld affect !m4 ,:at d ,i say8 ,x is n ev5 belief1 b inconsid]at5ess & bl9dness :i* gov]n !m 9 e ?+1 to su* a degree t1 n calculat+ ^! fe>s1 !y are j z mu* tr\bl$ z if !y _h really fai? 9 ^! va9 phantoms4 ,& ! real fre$om f ?is k9d ( tr\ble consi/s 9 be+ emancipat$ f all ^! ?+s1 & 9 pres]v+ ! recollection ( all ! pr9ciples :i* we h e/abli%$1 especially ( ! mo/ ess5tial ( !m4 ,accord+ly1 x is well to pay a scrupul\s att5tion to exi/+ phnom5a & to ! s5sations1 to ! g5]al s5sations = g5]al ?+s1 & to ! p>ticul> s5sations = p>ticul> ?+s4 ,9 a ^w1 we mu/ take note ( ?is1 ! imm$iate evid5ce ) :i* ea* ( ^! judicial faculties furni%es u2 =1 if we att5d to ^! po9ts1 namely1 :5ce confusion & fe> arise1 we %all div9e ! causes correctly1 & we %all deliv] ourselves f ^? feel+s1 trac+ back ! heav5ly phnom5a to _! causes1 & also all ! o!rs :i* pres5t !mselves at e /ep1 & inspire ! common p ) extreme t]ror4 8,?is1 ,h]odotus1 is a k9d ( summ>y & abridgm5t ( ! :ole "q ( natural philosophy4 ,s t1 if ?is reason+ be all[$ to be valid1 & be pres]v$ c>efully 9 ! memory1 ! man :o all[s himself to be influ5c$ by x1 ev5 ?\gh he may n desc5d to a pr(\nd /udy ( its details1 w h a great sup]iority ( "* ov] o!r m54 ,he w p]sonally discov] a great numb] ( tru?s :i* ,i h myself set =? 9 my entire "w2 & ^! tru?s be+ /or$ 9 8 memory1 w be a con/ant assi/ance to him4 ,by means ( ^! pr9ciples1 ^? :o h desc5d$ into ! details1 & h /udi$ ! "q suffici5tly1 w be able1 9 br++ 9 all _! p>ticul> k to be> on ! g5]al subject1 to run ov] )\t difficulty almo/ ! entire circle ( ! natural philosophy2 ^?1 on ! o!r h&1 :o are n yet arriv$ at p]fection1 & :o h n be5 able to he> me lecture on ^! subjects1 w be able 9 _! m9ds to run ov] ! ma9 ( ! ess5tial notions1 & to d]ive assi/ance f !m = ! tranquillity & happ9ess ( life40 ,?is !n is 8 lett] on physics4 ,,xxv4 ,ab\t ! heav5ly bodies he writes ?us3-- ,,epicurus ,,to ,,py?ocles1 ,,wi%+ ,,he ,,may ,,d ,,well4 8,cleon has br\ght me y\r lett]1 9 :i* y cont9ue to ev9ce t[>ds me an affection wor?y ( ! fri5d%ip :i* ,i h = y4 ,y devote all y\r c>e1 y tell me1 to engrav+ 9 y\r memory ^? ideas :i* contribute to ! happ9ess ( life2 & y entreat me at ! same "t to s5d y a simple abridgm5t & ab/ract ( my ideas on ! heav5ly phnom5a1 9 ord] t y may )\t difficulty pres]ve ! recollection ( !m4 ,=1 say y1 :at ,i h writt5 on ?is subject 9 my o!r works is difficult to recollect1 ev5 ) cont9ual /udy4 8,i will+ly yield to y\r desire1 & ,i h good hope1 t 9 fulfill+ :at y ask1 ,i %all be useful too to _m o!rs1 especially to ^? :o are z yet novices 9 ! real k ( nature1 & to ^? to :om ! p]plexities & ! ord9>y affairs ( life leave b little leisure4 ,be c>eful !n to seize on ^? precepts ?or\ghly1 engrave !m deeply 9 y\r memory1 & m$itate on !m ) ! abridgm5t address$ to ,h]odotus1 :i* ,i also s5d y4 8,"k !n1 t x is ) ! k ( ! heav5ly phnom5a1 bo? ) ^? :i* are spok5 ( 9 contact ) "o ano!r1 & ( ^? :i* h a spontane\s exi/5ce1 z ) e o!r sci5ce2 x has no o!r aim b t fre$om f anxiety1 & t calmness :i* is d]iv$ f a firm belief4 8,x is n good to desire :at is impossible1 & to endeav\r to enunciate a uni=m !ory ab\t ev]y?+2 accord+ly1 we ought n "h to adopt ! me?od1 :i* we h foll[$ 9 our rese>*es into ,e?ics1 or 9 ! solution ( problems ( natural philosophy4 ,we !re said1 = in/ance1 t !re are no o!r ?+s1 except bodies & ! vacuum1 t ! atoms are ! pr9ciples ( ?+s1 & s ( ! re/4 ,9 a ^w1 we gave a precise & simple explanation ( e fact1 con=mable to appe>ances4 8,we _c act 9 ! same way ) respect to ! heav5ly phnom5a3 ^! productions may dep5d ^u sev]al diff]5t causes1 & we may give _m diff]5t explanations on ?is subject1 equally agree+ ) ! impressions ( ! s5ses4 ,besides1 x is n "h a "q ab\t reason+ on new pr9ciples1 & ( lay+ d[n1 priori1 rules = ! int]pretation ( nature2 ! only guides = u to foll[ are ! appe>ances !mselves2 = t :i* we h 9 view is n a set ( sy/ems & va9 op9ions1 b mu* r a life exempt f e k9d ( disquietude4 8,! heav5ly phnom5a d n inspire ^? :o give diff]5t explanations ( !m1 con=mable ) appe>ances1 in/ead ( expla9+ !m by hypo!sis1 ) any al>m4 ,b if1 ab&on+ hypo!sis1 "o at ! same "t r5\nces ! attempt to expla9 !m by means ( analogies f\nd$ on appe>ances1 !n "o is plac+ "o's self altoge!r at a di/ance f ! sci5ce ( nature1 9 ord] to fall into fables4 8,x is possible t ! heav5ly phnom5a may pres5t "s app>5t *>act]s :i* appe> to assimilate !m to ^? phnom5a :i* we see tak+ place ar\nd ourselves1 )\t !re be+ any real analogy at ! bottom4 ,= ! heav5ly phnom5a may dep5d = _! production on _m diff]5t causes2 nev]!less1 we mu/ obs]ve ! appe>ances pres5t$ by ea*1 & we mu/ di/+ui% ! diff]5t circum/ances :i* atta* to !m1 & :i* c be expla9$ 9 diff]5t mann]s by means ( analog\s phnom5a :i* arise "u our eyes4 8,! _w is a collection ( ?+s embrac$ by ! heav51 conta9+ ! />s1 ! e>?1 & all visible objects4 ,?is collection1 sep>at$ f ! inf9ite1 is t]m9at$ by an extremity1 :i* is ei!r r>e1 or d5se1 or revolv+1 or 9 a /ate ( repose1 or ( a r\nd1 or triangul>1 or ( "s %ape or o!r 9 fact1 = x may be ( any %ape1 ! dissolution ( :i* mu/ br+ ! de/ruction ( ev]y?+ :i* !y embrace4 ,9 fact1 x c take place 9 e sort ( way1 s9ce !re is n "o ( ^? ?+s :i* are se5 :i* te/ifies aga9/ ?is _w 9 :i* we _c detect any extremity2 & t su* worlds are inf9ite 9 numb] is easily se51 & also t su* a _w c exi/ bo? 9 ! _w & 9 ! 1 z we call ! space betwe5 ! worlds1 be+ a huge space made up ( pl5um & vacuum1 b n1 z "s philosoph]s pret5d1 an imm5sity ( space absolutely empty4 ,?is production ( a _w may be expla9$ ?us3 se$s suitably appropriat$ to su* an end may emanate ei!r f "o or f sev]al worlds1 or f ! space t sep>ates !m2 !y fl[ t[>ds a p>ticul> po9t :]e !y become collect$ toge!r & organiz$2 aft] t1 o!r g]ms come to unite !m toge!r 9 su* a way z to =m a durable :ole1 a basis1 a nucleus to :i* all successive additions unite !mselves4 8,"o mu/ n cont5t "o's self 9 ?is "q ) say+1 z "o ( ! natural philosoph]s has done1 t !re is a re-union ( ! elem5ts1 or a viol5t motion 9 ! vacuum "u ! influ5ce ( necessity1 & t ! body :i* is ?us produc$ increases until x comes to cra% aga9/ "s o!r2 = ?is doctr9e is contr>y to appe>ances4 8,! sun1 ! moon1 & ! o!r />s1 7 orig9ally =m$ sep>ately1 & 7 aft]w>ds compreh5d$ 9 ! entire total ( ! _w4 ,all ! o!r objects :i* our _w comprises1 = in/ance1 ! e>? & ! sea1 7 also =m$ spontane\sly1 & subsequ5tly ga9$ size by ! addition & viol5t movem5t ( light sub/ances1 compos$ ( elem5ts ( fire & air1 or ev5 ( ^! two pr9ciples at once4 ,?is explanation1 moreov]1 is 9 accordance ) ! impressions ( ! s5ses4 8,z to ! magnitude ( ! sun & ( ! o!r />s1 x is z f> z we are conc]n$1 su* z x appe>s to u to be40 7,?is same doctr9e is reproduc$1 & occurs aga9 9 ! elev5? book ( 8 treatise on ,nature2 :]e he says1 8,if ! di/ance has made x lose its size1 =tiori1 x w\ld take away its brilliancy2 = col\r has n1 any m ?an size1 ! prop]ty ( trav]s+ di/ance )\t alt]ation407 8,b1 consid]$ by itself1 ! sun may be a little great] or a little small] ?an x appe>s2 or x may be j su* z x looks2 = t is exactly ! case ) ! fires ( common occurr5ce among m51 :i* are p]ceiv$ by ! s5ses at a di/ance4 ,besides1 all ! difficulties on ?is subject w be easily expla9$ if "o att5ds to ! cle> evid5ce ( ! p]ceptions1 z ,i h %[n 9 my books ab\t ,nature4 8,! ris+ & sett+ ( ! sun1 ( ! moon1 & ( ! />s1 may dep5d on ! fact ( _! becom+ light$ up1 & ext+ui%$ alt]nately1 & 9 ! ord] :i* we behold4 ,"o may also give o!r reasons = ?is phnom5on1 :i* are n contradict$ by any s5sible appe>ances2 accord+ly1 "o might expla9 !m by ! passage ( ! />s above & bel[ ! e>?1 = ! impressions ( ! s5ses agree also ) ?is supposition4 8,z to _! motion1 "o may make t dep5d on ! circul> movem5t ( ! entire heav54 ,"o may also suppose t ! />s move1 :ile ! heav5 itself is immoveable2 = !re is no?+ to prev5t ! idea t orig9ally1 be=e ! =mation ( ! _w1 !y may h receiv$1 by ! appo9tm5t ( fate1 an impulse f ea/ to we/1 & t n[ _! movem5t cont9ues 9 consequ5ce ( _! heat1 z ! fire naturally proce$s onw>ds 9 ord] to seek ! alim5t :i* suits x4 8,! int]tropical movem5ts ( ! sun & moon may dep5d1 ei!r on ! obliquity impress$ by fate on ! heav5 at c]ta9 det]m9$ epo*s1 or on ! resi/ance ( ! air1 or on ! fact t ^! ignit$ bodies /& 9 ne$ ( be+ n\ri%$ by a matt] suitable to _! nature1 & t ?is matt] fails !m2 or f9ally1 !y may dep5d on ! fact ( _! hav+ orig9ally receiv$ an impulse :i* compels !m to move z !y d describ+ a sort ( spiral figure4 ,! s5sible evid5ce does n 9 ! lea/ contradict ^! diff]5t suppositions1 & all ^? ( ! same k9d :i* "o c =m1 hav+ always a due reg>d to :at is possible1 & br++ back ea* phnom5on to its analog\s appe>ances 9 s5sible facts1 )\t disquiet+ "o's self ab\t ! mis]able speculations ( ! a/ronom]s4 8,! evacuations & subsequ5t repl5i%+s ( ! moon may dep5d ei!r on a conv]sion ( ?is body1 or on ! diff]5t =ms :i* ! air :5 9 a fi]y /ate c adopt1 or p]haps to ! int]position ( ano!r body1 or la/ly1 to "s "o ( ! causes by :i* "o gives acc\nt ( ! analog\s phnom5a :i* pass "u our eyes4 ,provid$1 h[ev]1 t "o does n ob/9ately adopt an exclusive mode ( explanation2 & t1 = want ( kn[+ :at is possible = a man to expla91 & :at is inaccessible to 8 intellig5ce2 "o does n ?r[ "o's self into int]m9able speculations4 8,x may also be possibly ! case t ! moon has a light ( h] own1 or t %e reflects t ( ! sun4 ,= we see ar\nd u _m objects :i* are lum9\s ( !mselves1 & _m o!rs :i* h only a borr[$ light4 ,9 a ^w1 "o w n be arre/$ by any ( ! cele/ial phnom5a1 provid$ t "o always recollects t !re are _m explanations possible2 t "o exam9es ! pr9ciples & reasons :i* agree ) ?is mode ( explanation1 & t "o does n proce$ 9 acc\nt+ = ! facts :i* d n agree ) ?is me?od1 to suff] "o's self to be fooli%ly c>ri$ away1 & to propose a sep>ate explanation = ea* phnom5on1 sometimes 9 "o way1 & sometimes 9 ano!r4 8,! appe>ance ( a face 9 ! orb ( ! moon1 may dep5d ei!r on a displacem5t ( its p>ts1 or on ! int]position ( "s ob/acle1 or on any o!r cause capable ( acc\nt+ = su* an appe>ance4 ,= "o mu/ n neglect to apply ?is same me?od to all ! heav5ly phnom5a2 =1 f ! mom5t :5 "o comes to any po9t ( contradiction to ! evid5ce ( ! s5ses1 x w be impossible to possess p]fect tranquillity & happ9ess4 8,! eclipses ( ! sun & moon may dep5d ei!r on ! fact t ^! />s ext+ui% !mselves1 a phnom5on :i* we (t5 see produc$ "u our eyes1 or on ! fact ( o!r bodies1 ! e>?1 ! heav51 or some?+ else ( ! same k9d int]pos+1 betwe5 !m & u4 ,besides1 we mu/ comp>e ! diff]5t modes ( explanation appropriate to phnom5a1 & recollect t x is n impossible t _m causes may at "o & ! same "t concur 9 _! production4 7,he says ! same ?+ 9 ! twelf? book ( 8 treatise on ,nature2 & adds t ! eclipses ( ! sun arise f ! fact t x p5etrates into ! %ade ( ! moon1 to quit x aga9 pres5tly2 & ! eclipses ( ! moon f ! fact ( its ent]+ into ! %ade ( ! e>?4 ,we also f9d ! same doctr9e ass]t$ by ,diog5es1 ! ,epicurean1 9 ! fir/ book ( 8 ,select ,op9ions47 8,! regul> & p]iodical m>* ( ^! phnom5a has no?+ 9 x t ought to surprise u1 if we only att5d to ! analog\s facts :i* take place "u our eyes4 ,above all ?+s let u bew>e ( mak+ ! ,deity int]pose "h1 = t be+ we ought to suppose exempt f all occupation & p]fectly happy2 o!rwise we %all be only giv+ va9 explanations ( ! heav5ly phnom5a1 z has happ5$ already to a cr[d ( au?ors4 ,n be+ able to recognize :at is really possible1 !y h fall5 into va9 !ories1 9 suppos+ t = all phnom5a !re 0 b "o s+le mode ( production1 & 9 reject+ all o!r explanations :i* are f\nd$ on probability2 !y h adopt$ ! mo/ unreasonable op9ions1 = want ( plac+ 9 ! front ! /udy ( ! heav5ly phnom5a1 & ( s5sible facts1 :i* ought to s]ve to expla9 ! fir/4 8,! diff]5ces 9 ! l5g? ( nights & days may arise f ! fact t ! passage ( ! sun above ! e>? is m or less rapid2 & m or less sl[1 accord+ to ! l5g? ( ! regions :i* x has to pass ?r\gh4 ,or1 aga91 to ! fact t c]ta9 regions are pass$ ?r\gh m rapidly ?an o!rs1 z is se5 to be ! case by our own eyes1 9 ^? ?+s to :i* we c comp>e ! heav5ly phnom5a4 ,z to ^? :o on ?is po9t admit only "o explanation z possible1 !y put !mselves 9 opposition to facts1 & lose sight ( ! b\nds set to human k4 8,! progno/ics :i* are d]iv$ f ! />s may1 l ^? :i* we borr[ f animals1 arise f a simple co9cid5ce4 ,!y may also h o!r causes1 = example1 "s *ange 9 ! air2 = ^! two suppositions bo? h>monize equally ) facts2 b x is impossible to di/+ui% 9 :at case "o is to attribute !m to ! "o cause or to ! o!r4 8,! cl\ds may be =m$ ei!r by ! air cond5s$ "u ! pressure ( ! w9ds1 or by ! ag5cy ( atoms set ap>t = t end1 or by emanations f ! e>? & wat]s1 or by o!r causes4 ,= !re are a great numb] :i* are all equally able to produce ?is effect4 ,:5 ! cl\ds cla% ) "o ano!r1 or und]go any trans=mation1 !y produce %[]s2 & ! long ra9s are caus$ by ! motion ( ! cl\ds :5 mov$ f places suitable to !m ?r\gh ! air1 :5 a m viol5t inundation ?an usual takes place1 f collections ( "s masses calculat$ to produce ^! effects4 8,?und] possibly arises f ! movem5t ( ! w9ds revolv+ 9 ! cavities ( ! cl\ds2 ( :i* we may see an image 9 vessels 9 our own daily use4 ,x may also arise f ! noise ( fire act$ ^u by ! w9d 9 !m1 & f ! te>+s & ruptures ( ! cl\ds :5 !y h receiv$ a sort ( cry/al9e consi/5cy4 ,9 a ^w1 exp]i5ce drawn f our s5ses1 tea*es u t all ^! phnom5a1 & t "o 9 p>ticul>1 may be produc$ 9 _m diff]5t mann]s4 8,"o may also assign diff]5t causes to ! lightn+2 ei!r ! %ock & collision ( ! cl\ds produce a fi]y appe>ance1 :i* is foll[$ by lightn+2 or ! light+ up ( ! cl\ds by ! w9ds1 produces ?is lum9\s appe>ance2 or ! mutual pressure ( ! cl\ds1 or t ( ! w9d aga9/ !m1 dis5gages ! lightn+4 ,or1 "o might say1 t ! int]ception ( ! light diffus$ f ! />s1 arre/$ = a "t 9 ! bosom ( ! cl\ds1 is driv5 f !m subsequ5tly by _! own movem5ts1 & by ^? ( ! w9ds1 & s escapes f _! sides2 t ! lightn+ is an extremely subtile light t evaporates f ! cl\ds2 t ! cl\ds :i* c>ry ! ?und] are collect$ masses ( fire2 t ! lightn+ arises f ! motion ( ! fire1 or f ! conflagration ( ! w9d1 9 consequ5ce ( ! rapidity & cont9u\sness ( its motion4 ,"o may also attribute ! lum9\s appe>ance ( lightn+ to ! rupture ( ! cl\ds "u ! action ( ! w9ds1 or to ! fall ( inflammable atoms4 ,la/ly1 "o may easily f9d a numb] ( o!r explanations1 if "o applies to s5sible facts1 9 ord] to se>* out ! analogies :i* !y pres5t to ! heav5ly phnom5a4 8,lightn+ prec$es ?und]1 ei!r because x is produc$ at ! same mom5t t ! w9d falls on ! cl\d1 :ile ! noise is only he>d at ! in/ant :5 ! w9d has p5etrat$ into ! bosom ( ! cl\d2 or1 p]haps1 ! two phnom5a be+ simultane\s1 ! lightn+ arrives among u m rapidly ?an ! noise ( ! ?und]-bolt1 z is 9 fact rem>k$ 9 o!r cases :5 we see at a di/ance ! cla% ( two objects4 8,! ?und]bolt may be produc$ ei!r by a viol5t cond5sation ( ! w9ds1 or by _! rapid motion & conflagration4 ,x may arise f ! fact ( ! w9ds meet+ 9 places :i* are too d5se1 9 consequ5ce ( ! accumulation ( cl\ds1 & !n a portion ( ! curr5t deta*es itself & proce$s t[>ds ! l[] situations2 or else x may be caus$ by ! fire :i* is conta9$ 9 ! bosom ( ! cl\ds precipitat+ itself d[nw>ds4 ,z "o may suppose t an imm5se quantity ( fire be+ accumulat$ 9 ! cl\ds dilates1 viol5tly bur/+ ! sub/ance :i* envelops x1 because ! resi/ance ( ! c5tre h9d]s x f proce$+ fur!r4 ,?is effect is especially produc$ 9 ! neighb\rhood ( high m\nta9s2 &1 accord+ly1 !y are v frequ5tly /ruck ) ! ?und]bolts4 ,9 %ort1 "o may give a numb] ( explanations ( ! ?und]bolt2 b we ought1 above all ?+s1 to be on our gu>d aga9/ fables1 & ?is "o w easily be1 if "o foll[s fai?fully ! s5sible phnom5a 9 ! explanation ( ^! ?+s1 :i* are n p]ceiv$1 except indirectly4 8,hurricanes 77 may be caus$ ei!r by ! pres5ce ( a cl\d1 :i* a viol5t w9d sets 9 motion & precipitates ) a spiral movem5t t[>ds ! l[] regions1 or by a viol5t gu/ :i* be>s a cl\d into ! neighb\rhood ( "s o!r curr5t1 or else by ! m]e agitation ( ! w9d by itself1 :5 air is br\ght toge!r f ! high] regions & compress$ )\t be+ able to escape on ei!r side1 9 consequ5ce ( ! resi/ance ( ! air :i* surr\nds x2 :5 ! hurricane desc5ds t[>ds ! e>?1 !n !re result :irlw9ds 9 proportion to ! rapidity ( ! w9d t has produc$ !m2 & ?is phnom5on ext5ds ov] ! sea also4 8,e>?quakes may arise f ! w9d p5etrat+ into ! int]ior ( ! e>?1 or f ! e>? itself receiv+ incessantly ! addition ( ext]ior p>ticles1 & be+ 9 incessant motion z to its con/itu5t atoms1 be+ 9 consequ5ce dispos$ to a g5]al vibration4 ,t :i* p]mits ! w9d to p5etrate is ! fact t falls take place 9 ! int]ior1 or t ! air be+ impress$ by ! w9ds ins9uates itself into ! subt]rane\s cav]ns4 ,! movem5t :i* numb]less falls & ! re-action ( ! e>? communicate to ! e>?1 :5 ?is motion meets bodies ( great] resi/ance & solidity1 is suffici5t to expla9 ! e>?quakes4 ,"o might1 h[ev]1 give an acc\nt ( !m 9 sev]al o!r ways4 8,w9ds are caus$1 ei!r by ! successive & regul> addition ( "s =eign matt]1 or else by ! re-union ( a great quantity ( wat]2 & ! diff]5ces ( ! w9ds may arise f ! fact t "s portions ( ?is same matt] fall into ! num]\s cavities ( ! e>?1 & are divid$ !re4 8,hail is produc$ by an en]getic cond5sation act+ on ! e!real p>ticles :i* ! cold embraces 9 e direction2 or1 9 consequ5ce ( a less viol5t cond5sation act+ h[ev] on aque\s p>ticles1 & accompani$ by division1 9 su* a mann] z to produce1 at ! same "t1 ! re-union ( c]ta9 elem5ts & ( ! collective masses2 or by ! rupture ( "s d5se & compact mass :i* w\ld expla9 at ! same "t1 ! num]\sness ( ! p>ticles & _! individual h>dness4 ,z to ! sph]ical =m ( ! hail1 "o may easily acc\nt = t by admitt+ t ! %ocks :i* x receives 9 e direction make all ! angles disappe>1 or else t at ! mom5t :5 ! diff]5t fragm5ts are =m$1 ea* ( !m is equally embrac$ on all sides by aque\s or e!real p>ticles4 8,sn[ may be produc$ by a light vap\r full ( moi/ure :i* ! cl\ds all[ to escape by passages int5d$ = t end1 :5 !y are press$1 9 a correspond+ mann]1 by o!r cl\ds1 & set 9 motion by ! w9d4 ,subsequ5tly1 ^! vap\rs become cond5s$ 9 _! progress "u ! action ( ! cold :i* surr\nds ! cl\ds 9 ! l[] regions4 ,x may also be ! case t ?is phnom5on is produc$ by cl\ds ( a slight d5sity z !y become cond5s$4 ,9 ?is case ! sn[ :i* escapes f ! cl\ds w\ld be ! result ( ! contact1 or approximation ( ! aque\s p>ticles1 :i* 9 a /ill m cond5s$ /ate produce hail4 ,?is effect is mo/ especially produc$ 9 ! air4 ,sn[1 aga91 may result f ! collection ( cl\ds previ\sly cond5s$ & solidifi$2 or f a :ole army ( o!r causes4 8,dew proce$s f a re-union ( p>ticles conta9$ 9 ! air calculat$ to produce ?is moi/ sub/ance4 ,^! p>ticles may be also br\ght f places :i* are moi/ or cov]$ ) wat] 7= 9 ^? places1 above all o!rs1 x is t dew is abundant74 ,^! !n re-unite1 aga9 resume _! aque\s =m1 & fall d[n4 ,! same phnom5on takes place 9 o!r cases be=e our own eyes "u _m analogies4 8,ho>-fro/ is dew congeal$ by ! influ5ce ( ! cold air t surr\nds x4 8,ice is =m$ ei!r by ! detrition ( r\nd atoms conta9$ 9 ! wat]1 & ! re-union at scal5e & acute angles ( ! atoms :i* exi/ 9 ! wat]1 or by an addition f )\t ( ^! latt] p>ticles1 :i* p5etrat+ into ! wat]1 solidify x by driv+ away an equal am\nt ( r\nd atoms4 8,! ra9b[ may be produc$ by ! reflection ( ! sol> rays on ! moi/ air2 or x may arise f a p>ticul> prop]ty ( light & air1 9 virtue ( :i* ^! p>ticul> appe>ances ( col\r are =m$1 ei!r because ! %ades :i* we p]ceive result directly f ?is prop]ty1 or because1 on ! contr>y1 x only produces "o s+le %ade1 :i*1 reflect+ itself on ! ne>e/ portions ( ! air1 communicates to !m ! t9ts :i* we obs]ve4 ,z to ! circul> =m ( ! ra9b[1 t dep5ds ei!r on ! fact ( ! sight p]ceiv+ an equal di/ance 9 e direction1 or ! fact ( ! atoms tak+ ?is =m :5 re-unit+ 9 ! air2 or x may be caus$ by its deta*+ f ! air :i* moves t[>ds ! moon1 c]ta9 atoms :i*1 be+ re-unit$ 9 ! cl\ds1 give rise to ?is circul> appe>ance4 8,! lun> halo arises f ! fact ( ! air1 :i* moves t[>ds ! moon f all qu>t]s1 uni=mly int]cept+ ! rays emitt$ by ?is />1 9 su* a way z to =m ar\nd x a sort ( circul> cl\d :i* p>tially veils x4 ,x may also arise f ! fact ( ! moon uni=mly reject+ f all qu>t]s1 ! air :i* surr\nds x1 9 su* a mann] z to produce ?is circul> & opaque cov]+4 ,& p]haps ?is opaqu5ess may be caus$ by "s p>ticles :i* "s curr5t br+s f )\t2 p]haps also1 ! heat communicates to ! moon ! prop]ty ( emitt+ by ! pores 9 its surface1 ! p>ticles by :i* ?is effect is produc$4 8,comets arise ei!r f ! fact1 t 9 ! circum/ances already /at$1 !re are p>tial conflagrations 9 c]ta9 po9ts ( ! heav52 or1 t at c]ta9 p]iods1 ! heav5 has above our heads a p>ticul> movem5t :i* causes !m to appe>4 ,x may also be ! case1 t be+ !mselves end[$ ) a peculi> movem5t1 !y advance at ! end ( c]ta9 p]iods ( "t1 & 9 consequ5ce ( p>ticul> circum/ances1 t[>ds ! places :i* we inhabit4 ,! opposite reasons expla9 _! disappe>ance4 8,c]ta9 />s return to ! same po9t 9 accompli%+ _! revolutions2 & ?is arises1 n only z has be5 sometimes believ$1 f ! fact ( ! pole ( ! _w1 ar\nd :i* !y move1 be+ immoveable1 b also f ! fact t ! gyrations ( ! air :i* surr\nds !m1 h9d] !m f deviations l ! w&]+ />s4 ,p]haps also1 ?is may be caus$ by ! fact1 t except 9 ! r\te 9 :i* !y move1 & 9 :i* we p]ceive !m1 !y d n f9d any mat]ial suitable to _! nature4 ,"o may also expla9 ?is phnom5on 9 _m o!r mann]s1 reason+ accord+ to s5sible facts2 ?us1 x is possible t c]ta9 />s may be w&]+ because t is ! nature ( _! movem5ts1 &1 = ! same reason1 o!rs may be immoveable4 ,x is also possible1 t ! same necessity :i* has orig9ally giv5 !m _! circul> movem5t1 may h compell$ "s to foll[ _! orbit regul>ly1 & h subject$ o!rs to an irregul> progress2 we may also suppose t ! uni=m "* ( ! c5tre :i* c]ta9 />s trav]se fav\r _! regul> m>*1 & _! return to a c]ta92 & t 9 ! case ( o!rs1 on ! contr>y1 ! diff]5ces ( ! c5tre produce ! *anges :i* we obs]ve4 ,besides1 to assign "o s+le cause to all ^! phnom5a1 :5 ! exp]i5ce ( our s5ses sugge/s u sev]al1 is folly4 ,x is ! conduct ( ignorant a/ronom]s covet\s ( a va9 k1 :o1 assign+ imag9>y causes to facts1 wi% to leave :olly to ! ,deity ! c>e ( ! gov]nm5t ( ! univ]se4 8,"s />s appe> to be left beh9d by o!rs 9 _! progress2 ?is arises ei!r f ! fact ( _! hav+ a sl[] motion1 ?\gh trav]s+ ! same circle2 or1 because1 ?\gh !y are drawn on by ! same propell+ p[]1 !y h1 nev]!less1 a movem5t prop] to !mselves 9 a contr>y direction2 or x may be caus$ by ! fact t1 ?\gh all are plac$ 9 ! same sph]e ( movem5t1 /ill "s h m space to trav]se1 & o!rs less4 ,to give "o uni=m & positive explanation ( all ^! facts1 is n consi/5t ) ! conduct ( any p b ^? :o love to fla% prodigies 9 ! eyes ( ! multitude4 8,fall+ />s may be p>ticles deta*$ f ! />s1 or fragm5ts result+ f _! collision2 !y may also be produc$ by ! fall ( sub/ances :i* are set on fire by ! action ( ! w9d2 by ! re-union ( inflammable atoms :i* are made to come toge!r s z to produce ?is effect by a sort ( reciprocal attraction2 or else by ! movem5t :i* is produc$ 9 consequ5ce ( ! re-union ( atoms 9 ! v place :]e !y meet4 ,x may also happ5 t ! light vap\rs re-unite & become cond5s$ "u ! =m ( cl\ds1 t !y !n take fire 9 consequ5ce ( _! rotatory motion1 & t1 bur/+ ! ob/acles :i* surr\nd !m1 !y proce$ t[>ds ! places :i!r ! =ce by :i* !y are animat$ drags !m4 ,9 %ort1 ?is phnom5on also may admit ( a great numb] ( explanations4 8,! presages :i* are drawn f c]ta9 animals arise f a =tuit\s conc\rse ( circum/ances2 = !re is no necess>y connection betwe5 c]ta9 animals & w9t]4 ,!y d n produce x2 nor is !re any div9e nature sitt+ al(t wat*+ ! exits ( ^! animals1 & !n accompli%+ signs ( ?is k9d4 ,nor c su* folly z ?is occur to any be+ :o is ev5 mod]ately com=table1 mu* less to "o :i* is possess$ ( p]fect happ9ess4 8,impr9t all ^! precepts 9 y\r memory1 ,o ,py?ocles1 & s y w easily escape fables1 & x w be easy = y to discov] o!r tru?s analog\s to ^!4 ,above all1 apply y\rself to ! /udy ( g5]al pr9ciples1 ( ! inf9ite1 & ( que/ions ( ?is k9d1 & to ! inve/igation ( ! diff]5t crit]ia & ( ! passions1 & to ! /udy ( ! *ief good1 ) a view to :i* we prosecute all our rese>*es4 ,:5 ^! que/ions are once resolv$1 all p>ticul> difficulties w be made pla9 to y4 ,z to ^? :o w n apply !mselves to ^! pr9ciples1 !y w nei!r be able to give a good explanation ( ^! same que/ions1 nor to rea* t end to :i* all our rese>*es t5d40 ,,xxvi4 ,su* are 8 s5tim5ts on ! heav5ly phnom5a4 ,b conc]n+ ! rules ( life1 & h[ we ought to *oose "s ?+s1 & avoid o!rs1 he writes ?us4 ,b fir/ ( all1 let u g ?r\gh ! op9ions :i* he held1 & 8 disciples held ab\t ! wise man4 ,he said t injuries exi/$ among m51 ei!r 9 consequ5ce ( hatr$1 or ( envy1 or ( contempt1 all :i* ! wise man ov]comes by reason4 ,also1 t a man :o has once be5 wise c nev] receive ! contr>y disposition1 nor c he ( 8 own accord inv5t su* a /ate ( ?+s z t he %\ld be subject$ to ! dom9ion ( ! passions2 nor c he h9d] himself 9 8 progress t[>ds wisdom4 ,t ! wise man1 h[ev]1 _c exi/ 9 e /ate ( body1 nor 9 e nation4 ,t ev5 if ! wise man 7 to be put to ! torture1 he w\ld /ill be happy4 ,t ! wise man w only feel gratitude to 8 fri5ds1 b to !m equally :e!r !y are pres5t or abs5t4 ,nor w he groan & h[l :5 he is put to ! torture4 ,nor w he m>ry a wife :om ! laws =bid1 z ,diog5es says1 9 8 epitome ( ! ,e?ical ,maxims ( ,epicurus4 ,he w puni% 8 s]vants1 b also pity !m1 & %[ indulg5ce to any t are virtu\s4 ,!y d n ?9k t ! wise man w ev] be 9 love1 nor t he w be anxi\s ab\t 8 burial1 nor t love is a passion inspir$ by ! ,gods1 z ,diog5es says 9 8 twelf? book4 ,!y also ass]t t he w be indiff]5t to ! /udy ( oratory4 ,m>riage1 say !y1 is nev] any good to a man1 & we mu/ be q cont5t if x does no h>m2 & ! wise man w nev] m>ry or beget *ildr51 z ,epicurus himself lays x d[n1 9 8 ,d\bts & 9 8 treatises on ,nature4 ,/ill1 "u c]ta9 circum/ances ( life1 he w =sake ^! rules & m>ry4 ,nor w he ev] indulge 9 drunk5ness1 says ,epicurus1 9 8 ,banquet1 nor w he entangle himself 9 affairs ( /ate 7z he says 9 8 fir/ book on ,lives74 ,nor w he become a tyrant4 ,nor w he become a ,cynic 7z he says 9 8 second book ab\t ,lives74 ,nor a begg>4 ,& ev51 ?\gh he %\ld lose 8 eyes1 he w /ill p>take ( life 7z he says 9 ! same book74 ,! wise man w be subject to grief1 z ,diog5es says1 9 ! fif? book ( 8 ,select ,op9ions2 he w also n object to g to law4 ,he w leave books & memorials ( himself beh9d him1 b he w n be fond ( frequ5t+ assemblies4 ,he w take c>e ( 8 prop]ty1 & provide = ! future4 ,he w l be+ 9 ! c\ntry1 he w resi/ =tune1 & w grieve none ( 8 fri5ds4 ,he w %[ a reg>d = a fair reputation to su* an ext5t z to avoid be+ despis$2 & he w f9d m pleasure ?an o!r m5 9 speculations4 ,all faults are n equal4 ,heal? is good = "s p1 b a matt] ( indiff]5ce to o!rs4 ,c\rage is a quality :i* does n exi/ by nature1 b :i* is eng5d]$ by a consid]ation ( :at is suitable4 ,fri5d%ip is caus$ by "o's wants2 b x mu/ be begun on our side4 ,= we s[ ! e>?2 & fri5d%ip arises f a community (1 & p>ticipation 91 pleasures4 ,happ9ess mu/ be und]/ood 9 two s5ses2 ! highe/ happ9ess1 su* z is t ( ,god1 :i* admits ( no increase2 & ano!r k9d1 :i* admits ( ! addition or ab/raction ( pleasures4 ,! wise man may raise /atues if x suits 8 incl9ation1 if x does n x does n signify4 ,! wise man is ! only p]son :o c conv]se correctly ab\t music & poetry2 & he c realise poems1 b n become a poet4 ,x is possible = "o wise man to be wis] ?an ano!r4 ,! wise man w also1 if he is 9 ne$1 e>n money1 b only by 8 wisdom2 he w propitiate an absolute rul] :5 occasion requires1 & w hum\r him = ! sake ( correct+ 8 habits2 he w h a s*ool1 b n on su* a sy/em z to draw a cr[d ab\t him2 he w also recite 9 a multitude1 b t w be aga9/ 8 incl9ation2 he w pron\nce dogmas1 & w express no d\bts2 he w be ! same man asleep & awake2 & he w be will+ ev5 to die = a fri5d4 ,^! are ! ,epicurean doctr9es4 ,,xxvii4 ,we mu/ n[ proce$ to 8 lett]3-- ,,epicurus ,,to ,,m5,,ceus1 ,,greet+ 8,let no "o delay to /udy philosophy :ile he is "y1 & :5 he is old let him n become we>y ( ! /udy2 = no man c ev] f9d ! "t unsuitable or too late to /udy ! heal? ( 8 s\l4 ,& he :o ass]ts ei!r t x is n yet "t to philosophize1 or t ! h\r is pass$1 is l a man :o %\ld say t ! "t is n yet come to be happy1 or t x is too late4 ,s t bo? "y & old %\ld /udy philosophy1 ! "o 9 ord] t1 :5 he is old1 he may be "y 9 good ?+s ?r\gh ! pleas+ recollection ( ! pa/1 & ! o!r 9 ord] t he may be at ! same "t bo? "y & old1 9 consequ5ce ( 8 abs5ce ( fe> = ! future4 8,x is "r !n = a man to consid] ! ?+s :i* produce happ9ess1 s9ce1 if happ9ess is pres5t1 we h ev]y?+1 & :5 x is abs5t1 we d ev]y?+ ) a view to possess x4 ,n[1 :at ,i h con/antly recomm5d$ to y1 ^! ?+s ,i w\ld h y d & practise1 consid]+ !m to be ! elem5ts ( liv+ well4 ,fir/ ( all1 believe t ,god is a be+ incorruptible & happy1 z ! common op9ion ( ! _w ab\t ,god dictates2 & atta* to y\r idea ( him no?+ :i* is inconsi/5t ) incorruptibility or ) happ9ess2 & ?9k t he is inve/$ ) ev]y?+ :i* is able to pres]ve to him ?is happ9ess1 9 conjunction ) incorruptibility4 ,= !re are ,gods2 = our k ( !m is indi/9ct4 ,b !y are n ( ! "* :i* p 9 g5]al attribute to !m2 = !y d n pay a respect to !m :i* accords ) ! ideas t !y ent]ta9 ( !m4 ,& t man is n impi\s :o disc>ds ! ,gods believ$ 9 by ! _m1 b he :o applies to ! ,gods ! op9ions ent]ta9$ ( !m by ! _m4 ,= ! ass]tions ( ! _m ab\t ! ,gods are n anticipations 771 b false op9ions 774 ,& 9 consequ5ce ( ^!1 ! greate/ evils :i* befall wick$ m51 & ! b5efits :i* are conf]r$ on ! good1 are all attribut$ to ! ,gods2 = !y connect all _! ideas ( !m ) a comp>ison ( human virtues1 & ev]y?+ :i* is diff]5t f human qualities1 !y reg>d z incompatible ) ! div9e nature4 8,accu/om y\rself also to ?9k dea? a matt] ) :i* we are n at all conc]n$1 s9ce all good & all evil is 9 s5sation1 & s9ce dea? is only ! privation ( s5sation4 ,on :i* acc\nt1 ! correct k ( ! fact t dea? is no conc]n ( ours1 makes ! mortality ( life pleasant to u1 inasmu* z x sets =? no illimitable "t1 b relieves u = ! long+ = immortality4 ,= !re is no?+ t]rible 9 liv+ to a man :o rightly compreh5ds t !re is no?+ t]rible 9 ceas+ to live2 s t he 0 a silly man :o said t he fe>$ dea?1 n because x w\ld grieve him :5 x 0 pres5t1 b because x did grieve him :ile x 0 future4 ,= x is v absurd t t :i* does n di/ress a man :5 x is pres5t1 %\ld afflict him :5 only expect$4 ,!re=e1 ! mo/ =midable ( all evils1 dea?1 is no?+ to u1 s9ce1 :5 we exi/1 dea? is n pres5t to u2 & :5 dea? is pres5t1 !n we h no exi/5ce4 ,x is no conc]n !n ei!r ( ! liv+ or ( ! dead2 s9ce to ! "o x has no exi/5ce1 & ! o!r class has no exi/5ce itself4 ,b p 9 g5]al1 at times flee f dea? z ! greate/ ( evils1 & at times wi% = x z a re/ f ! evils 9 life4 ,nor is ! n liv+ a ?+ fe>$1 s9ce liv+ is n connect$ ) x3 nor does ! wise man ?9k n liv+ an evil2 b1 j z he *ooses food1 n pref]r+ t :i* is mo/ abundant1 b t :i* is nice/2 s too1 he enjoys "t1 n measur+ x z to :e!r x is ( ! greate/ l5g?1 b z to :e!r x is mo/ agreeable4 ,& he :o enjo9s a "y man to live well1 & an old man to die well1 is a simpleton1 n only because ( ! con/antly delightful nature ( life1 b also because ! c>e to live well is id5tical ) ! c>e to die well4 ,& he 0 /ill m wrong :o said3-- 8',tis well to ta/e ( life1 & !n :5 born ,to pass ) quickness to ! %ades bel[4#adb 8,= if ?is really 0 8 op9ion :y did he n quit life8 = x 0 easily 9 8 p[] to d s1 if x really 0 8 belief4 ,b if he 0 jok+1 !n he 0 talk+ fooli%ly 9 a case :]e x ought n to be all[$2 &1 we mu/ recollect1 t ! future is n our own1 nor1 on ! o!r h&1 is x :olly n our own1 ,i mean s t we c nev] altoge!r await x ) a feel+ ( c]ta9ty t x w be1 nor altoge!r despair ( x z :at w nev] be4 ,& we mu/ consid] t "s ( ! passions are natural1 & "s empty2 & ( ! natural ones "s are necess>y1 & "s m]ely natural4 ,& ( ! necess>y ones "s are necess>y to happ9ess1 & o!rs1 ) reg>d to ! exemption ( ! body1 f tr\ble2 & o!rs ) respect to liv+ itself2 = a correct !ory1 ) reg>d to ^! ?+s1 c ref] all *oice & avoidance to ! heal? ( ! body & ! fre$om f disquietude ( ! s\l4 ,s9ce ?is is ! end ( liv+ happily2 = x is = ! sake ( ?is t we d ev]y?+1 wi%+ to avoid grief & fe>2 & :5 once ?is is ! case1 ) respect to u1 !n ! /orm ( ! s\l is1 z ,i may say1 put an end to2 s9ce ! animal is unable to g z if to some?+ defici5t1 & to seek some?+ diff]5t f t by :i* ! good ( ! s\l & body w be p]fect$4 8,= !n we h ne$ ( pleasure :5 we grieve1 because pleasure is n pres5t2 b :5 we d n grieve1 !n we h no ne$ ( pleasure2 & on ?is acc\nt1 we affirm1 t pleasure is ! beg9n+ & end ( liv+ happily2 = we h recogniz$ ?is z ! fir/ good1 be+ connate ) u2 & ) ref]5ce to x1 x is t we beg9 e *oice & avoidance2 & to ?is we come z if we judg$ ( all good by passion z ! /&>d2 &1 s9ce ?is is ! fir/ good & connate ) u1 on ?is acc\nt we d n *oose e pleasure1 b at times we pass ov] _m pleasures :5 any difficulty is likely to ensue f !m2 & we ?9k _m pa9s bett] ?an pleasures1 :5 a great] pleasure foll[s !m1 if we endure ! pa9 = a "t4 8,e pleasure is !re=e a good on acc\nt ( its own nature1 b x does n foll[ t e pleasure is wor?y ( be+ *os52 j z e pa9 is an evil1 & yet e pa9 mu/ n be avoid$4 ,b x is "r to e/imate all ^! ?+s by ! measurem5t & view ( :at is suitable & unsuitable2 = at times we may feel ! good z an evil1 & at times1 on ! contr>y1 we may feel ! evil z good4 ,&1 we ?9k1 cont5tm5t a great good1 n 9 ord] t we may nev] h b a little1 b 9 ord] t1 if we h n mu*1 we may make use ( a little1 be+ g5u9ely p]suad$ t ^? m5 enjoy luxury mo/ completely :o are ! be/ able to d )\t x2 & t ev]y?+ :i* is natural is easily provid$1 & :at is useless is n easily procur$4 ,& simple flav\rs give z mu* pleasure z co/ly f>e1 :5 ev]y?+ t c give pa91 & e feel+ ( want1 is remov$2 & corn & wat] give ! mo/ extreme pleasure :5 any "o 9 ne$ eats !m4 ,to accu/om "o's self1 !re=e1 to simple & inexp5sive habits is a great +r$i5t 9 ! p]fect+ ( heal?1 & makes a man free f hesitation ) respect to ! necess>y uses ( life4 ,& :5 we1 on c]ta9 occasions1 fall 9 ) m sumptu\s f>e1 x makes u 9 a bett] disposition t[>ds x1 & r5d]s u fe>less ) respect to =tune4 ,:51 !re=e1 we say t pleasure is a *ief good1 we are n speak+ ( ! pleasures ( ! debau*$ man1 or ^? :i* lie 9 s5sual enjoym5t1 z "s ?9k :o are ignorant1 & :o d n ent]ta9 our op9ions1 or else int]pret !m p]v]sely2 b we mean ! fre$om ( ! body f pa91 & ( ! s\l f confusion4 ,= x is n cont9u$ dr9k+s & revels1 or ! enjoym5t ( female society1 or fea/s ( fi% & o!r su* ?+s1 z a co/ly table supplies1 t make life pleasant1 b sob] contemplation1 :i* exam9es into ! reasons = all *oice & avoidance1 & :i* puts to flight ! va9 op9ions f :i* ! great] "p ( ! confusion arises :i* tr\bles ! s\l4 8,n[1 ! beg9n+ & ! greate/ good ( all ^! ?+s is prud5ce1 on :i* acc\nt prud5ce is some?+ m valuable ?an ev5 philosophy1 inasmu* z all ! o!r virtues spr+ f x1 tea*+ u t x is n possible to live pleasantly unless "o also lives prud5tly1 & hon\rably1 & ju/ly2 & t "o _c live prud5tly1 & hone/ly1 & ju/ly1 )\t liv+ pleasantly2 = ! virtues are connate ) liv+ agreeably1 & liv+ agreeably is insep>able f ! virtues4 ,s9ce1 :o c y ?9k bett] ?an t man :o has holy op9ions respect+ ! ,gods1 & :o is utt]ly fe>less ) respect to dea?1 & :o has prop]ly contemplat$ ! end ( nature1 & :o compreh5ds t ! *ief good is easily p]fect$ & easily provid$2 & ! greate/ evil la/s b a %ort p]iod1 & causes b brief pa94 ,& :o has no belief 9 necessity1 :i* is set up by "s z ! mi/ress ( all ?+s1 b he ref]s "s ?+s to =tune1 "s to ourselves1 because necessity is an irresponsible p[]1 & because he sees t =tune is un/able1 :ile our own w is free2 & ?is fre$om con/itutes1 9 our case1 a responsibility :i* makes u enc\nt] blame & praise4 ,s9ce x w\ld be bett] to foll[ ! fables ab\t ! ,gods ?an to be a slave to ! fate ( ! natural philosoph]2 = ! fables :i* are told give u a sket*1 z if we c\ld av]t ! wra? ( ,god by pay+ him hon\r2 b ! o!r pres5ts u ) necessity :o is inexorable4 8,& he1 n ?9k+ =tune a goddess1 z ! g5]ality e/eem h] 7= no?+ is done at r&om by a ,god71 nor a cause :i* no man c rely on1 = he ?9ks t good or evil is n giv5 by h] to m5 s z to make !m live happily1 b t ! pr9ciples ( great goods or great evils are suppli$ by h]2 ?9k+ x bett] to be un=tunate 9 accordance ) reason1 ?an to be =tunate irrationally2 = t ^? actions :i* are judg$ to be ! be/1 are rightly done 9 consequ5ce ( reason4 8,d y !n /udy ^! precepts1 & ^? :i* are ak9 to !m1 by all means day & night1 pond]+ on !m by y\rself1 & discuss+ !m ) any "o l y\rself1 & !n y w nev] be di/urb$ by ei!r sleep+ or wak+ fancies1 b y w live l a ,god among m52 = a man liv+ amid immortal ,gods1 is 9 no respect l a mortal be+40 ,9 o!r works1 he disc>ds div9ation2 & also 9 8 ,little ,epitome4 ,& he says div9ation has no exi/5ce2 b1 if x has any1 /ill we %\ld ?9k t :at happ5s accord+ to x is no?+ to u4 ,^! are 8 s5tim5ts ab\t ! ?+s :i* conc]n ! life ( man1 & he has discuss$ !m at great] l5g? else:]e4 ,,xxviii4 ,n[1 he diff]s ) ! ,cyr5aics ab\t pleasure4 ,= !y d n admit t to be pleasure :i* exi/s z a condition1 b place x :olly 9 motion4 ,he1 h[ev]1 admits bo? k9ds to be pleasure1 namely1 t ( ! s\l1 & t ( ! body1 z he says 9 8 treatise on ,*oice & ,avoidance2 & also 9 8 "w on ! ,*ief ,good2 & 9 ! fir/ book ( 8 treatise on ,lives1 & 9 8 ,lett] aga9/ ! ,mityl5ian ,philosoph]s4 ,& 9 ! same _s1 ,diog5es1 9 ! sev5te5? book ( 8 ,select ,disc\rses1 & ,metrodorus1 9 8 ,timocrates1 speak ?us4 8,b :5 pleasure is und]/ood1 ,i mean bo? t :i* exi/s 9 motion1 & t :i* is a /ate4'''0 ,& ,epicurus1 9 8 treatise on ,*oice1 speaks ?us3 8,n[1 fre$om f disquietude1 & fre$om f pa91 are /ates ( pleasure2 b joy & *e]fulness are beheld 9 motion & en]gy40 ,,xxix4 ,= !y make out ! pa9s ( ! body to be worse ?an ^? ( ! m9d2 accord+ly1 ^? :o d wrong1 are puni%$ 9 ! body4 ,b he consid]s ! pa9s ( ! s\l ! wor/2 = t ! fle% is only s5sible to pres5t affliction1 b ! s\l feels ! pa/1 ! pres5t1 & ! future4 ,!re=e1 9 ! same mann]1 he cont5ds t ! pleasures ( ! s\l are great] ?an ^? ( ! body2 & he uses z a pro( t pleasure is ! *ief good1 ! fact t all animals f ! mom5t ( _! bir? are delight$ ) pleasure1 & are (f5d$ ) pa9 by _! natural in/9ct1 & )\t ! employm5t ( reason4 ,!re=e1 too1 we1 ( our own incl9ation1 flee f pa92 s t ,h]cules1 :5 dev\r$ by 8 poison$ tunic1 cries out3-- ,%\t+ & groan+1 & ! rocks ar\nd ,re-e*o$ 8 sad wails1 ! m\nta9 heights ,( ,locrian l&s1 & sad ,euba's hills4#adc ,,xxx4 ,& we *oose ! virtues = ! sake ( pleasure1 & n on _! own acc\nt2 j z we seek ! skill ( ! physician = ! sake ( heal?1 z ,diog5es says1 9 ! tw5tie? book ( 8 ,select ,disc\rses1 :]e he also calls virtue a way ( pass+ "o's life 774 ,b ,epicurus says1 t virtue alone is insep>able f pleasure1 b t e ?+ else may be sep>at$ f x z mortal4 ,,xxxi4 ,let u1 h[ev]1 n[ add ! f9i%+ /roke1 z "o may say1 to ?is :ole treatise1 & to ! life ( ! philosoph]2 giv+ "s ( 8 fundam5tal maxims1 & clos+ ! :ole "w ) !m1 tak+ t = our end :i* is ! beg9n+ ( happ9ess4 #a4 8,t :i* is happy & imp]i%able1 nei!r has tr\ble itself1 nor does x cause x to any?+2 s t x is n subject to ! feel+s ( ei!r ang] or gratitude2 = ^! feel+s only exi/ 9 :at is weak4 7,9 o!r passages he says t ! ,gods are speculat$ on by reason1 "s exi/+ accord+ to numb]1 & o!rs accord+ to "s simil>ity ( =m1 aris+ f ! cont9ual fl[+ on ( simil> images1 p]fect$ = ?is v purpose 9 human =m47 #b4 8,dea? is no?+ to u2 = t :i* is dissolv$ is devoid ( s5sation1 & t :i* is devoid ( s5sation is no?+ to u4 #c4 8,! limit ( ! greatness ( ! pleasures is ! removal ( ev]y?+ :i* c give pa94 ,& :]e pleasure is1 z long z x la/s1 t :i* gives pa91 or t :i* feels pa91 or bo? ( !m1 are abs5t4 #d4 8,pa9 does n abide cont9u\sly 9 ! fle%1 b 9 its extremity x is pres5t only a v %ort "t4 ,t pa9 :i* only j exce$s ! pleasure 9 ! fle%1 does n la/ _m days4 ,b long diseases h 9 !m m t is pleasant ?an pa9ful to ! fle%4 #e4 8,x is n possible to live pleasantly )\t liv+ prud5tly1 & hon\rably1 & ju/ly2 nor to live prud5tly1 & hon\rably1 & ju/ly1 )\t liv+ pleasantly4 ,b he to :om x does n happ5 to live prud5tly1 hon\rably1 & ju/ly1 _c possibly live pleasantly4 #f4 8,= ! sake ( feel+ confid5ce & security ) reg>d to m51 & n ) ref]5ce to ! nature ( gov]nm5t & k+ly p[] be+ a good1 "s m5 h wi%$ to be em95t & p[]ful1 9 ord] t o!rs might atta9 ?is feel+ by _! means2 ?9k+ t s !y w\ld secure safety z f> z m5 are conc]n$4 ,s t1 if ! life ( su* m5 is safe1 !y h atta9$ to ! nature ( good2 b if x is n safe1 !n !y h fail$ 9 obta9+ t = ! sake ( :i* !y orig9ally desir$ p[] accord+ to ! ord] ( nature4#add #g4 8,no pleasure is intr9sically bad3 b ! effici5t causes ( "s pleasures br+ ) !m a great _m p]turbations ( pleasure4 #h4 8,if e pleasure 7 cond5s$1 if "o may s say1 & if ea* la/$ long1 & affect$ ! :ole body1 or ! ess5tial p>ts ( x1 !n !re w\ld be no diff]5ce betwe5 "o pleasure & ano!r4 #i4 8,if ^? ?+s :i* make ! pleasures ( debau*$ m51 put an end to ! fe>s ( ! m9d1 & to ^? :i* arise ab\t ! heav5ly bodies1 & dea?1 & pa92 & if !y taught u :at ought to be ! limit ( our desires1 we %\ld h no pret5ce = blam+ ^? :o :olly devote !mselves to pleasure1 & :o nev] feel any pa9 or grief 7:i* is ! *ief evil7 f any qu>t]4 #aj4 8,if appreh5sions relat+ to ! heav5ly bodies did n di/urb u1 & if ! t]rors ( dea? h no conc]n ) u1 & if we _h ! c\rage to contemplate ! b\nd>ies ( pa9 & ( ! desires1 we %\ld h no ne$ ( physiological /udies4 #aa4 8,x w\ld n be possible = a p]son to bani% all fe> ab\t ^? ?+s :i* are call$ mo/ ess5tial1 unless he knew :at is ! nature ( ! univ]se1 or if he _h any idea t ! fables told ab\t x c\ld be true2 & !re=e1 x is1 t a p]son _c enjoy unmix$ pleasure )\t physiological k4 #ab4 8,x w\ld be no good = a man to secure himself safety z f> z m5 are conc]n$1 :ile 9 a /ate ( appreh5sion z to all ! heav5ly bodies1 & ^? "u ! e>?1 & 9 %ort1 all ^? 9 ! inf9ite4 #ac4 8,irresi/ible p[] & great weal? may1 up to a c]ta9 po9t1 give u security z f> z m5 are conc]n$2 b ! security ( m5 9 g5]al dep5ds ^u ! tranquillity ( _! s\ls1 & _! fre$om f ambition4 #ad4 8,! ri*es ( nature are def9$ & easily procurable2 b va9 desires are insatiable4 #ae4 8,! wise man is b little fav\r$ by =tune2 b 8 reason procures him ! greate/ & mo/ valuable goods1 & ^! he does enjoy1 & w enjoy ! :ole ( 8 life4 #af4 8,! j man is ! free/ ( all m5 f disquietude2 b ! unju/ man is a p]petual prey to x4 #ag4 8,pleasure 9 ! fle% is n increas$1 :5 once ! pa9 aris+ f want is remov$2 x is only div]sifi$4 #ah4 8,! mo/ p]fect happ9ess ( ! s\l dep5ds on ^! reflections1 & on op9ions ( a simil> "* on all ^? que/ions :i* cause ! greate/ al>m to ! m9d4 #ai4 8,inf9ite & f9ite "t bo? h equal pleasure1 if any "o measures its limits by reason4 #bj4 8,if ! fle% c\ld exp]i5ce b\ndless pleasure1 x w\ld want to dispose ( et]nity4#ade #ba4 8,b reason1 enabl+ u to conceive ! end & dissolution ( ! body1 & lib]at+ u f ! fe>s relative to et]nity1 procures = u all ! happ9ess ( :i* life is capable1 s completely t we h no fur!r occasion to include et]nity 9 our desires4 ,9 ?is disposition ( m9d1 man is happy ev5 :5 8 tr\bles engage him to quit life2 & to die ?us1 is = him only to int]rupt a life ( happ9ess4 #bb4 8,he :o is acqua9t$ ) ! limits ( life kn[s1 t t :i* removes ! pa9 :i* arises f want1 & :i* makes ! :ole ( life p]fect1 is easily procurable2 s t he has no ne$ ( ^? ?+s :i* c only be atta9$ ) tr\ble4 #bc4 8,b z to ! subsi/+ end1 we ought to consid] x ) all ! cle>ness & evid5ce :i* we ref] to :atev] we ?9k & believe2 o!rwise1 all ?+s w be full ( confusion & unc]ta9ty ( judgm5t4 #bd4 8,if y resi/ all ! s5ses1 y w n ev5 h any?+ left to :i* y c ref]1 or by :i* y may be able to judge ( ! falsehood ( ! s5ses :i* y condemn4 #be4 8,if y simply disc>d "o s5se1 & d n di/+ui% betwe5 ! diff]5t elem5ts ( ! judgm5t1 s z to "k on ! "o h&1 ! induction :i* goes beyond ! actual s5sation1 or1 on ! o!r1 ! actual & imm$iate notion2 ! affections1 & all ! conceptions ( ! m9d :i* lean directly on ! s5sible repres5tation1 y w be imput+ tr\ble into ! o!r s5se1 & de/roy+ 9 t qu>t] e species ( crit]ion4 #bf4 8,if y all[ equal au?ority to ! ideas1 :i*1 be+ only inductive1 require to be v]ifi$1 & to ^? :i* be> ab\t !m an imm$iate c]ta9ty1 y w n escape error2 = y w be conf\nd+ d\btful op9ions ) ^? :i* are n d\btful1 & true judgm5ts ) ^? ( a diff]5t "*4 #bg4 8,if1 on e occasion1 we d n ref] e "o ( our actions to ! *ief end ( nature1 if we turn aside f t to seek or avoid "s o!r object1 !re w be a want ( agreem5t betwe5 our words & our actions4 #bh4 8,( all ! ?+s :i* wisdom provides = ! happ9ess ( ! :ole life1 by f> ! mo/ important is ! acquisition ( fri5d%ip4 #bi4 8,! same op9ion enc\rages man to tru/ t no evil w be ev]la/+1 or ev5 ( long duration2 z x sees t1 9 ! space ( life allott$ to u1 ! protection ( fri5d%ip is mo/ sure & tru/wor?y4 #cj4 8,( ! desires1 "s are natural & necess>y1 "s natural1 b n necess>y1 & "s are nei!r natural nor necess>y1 b owe _! exi/5ce to va9 op9ions40 7,epicurus ?9ks t ^? are natural & necess>y :i* put an end to pa9s1 z dr9k :5 "o is ?ir/y2 & t ^? are natural b n necess>y :i* only div]sify pleasure1 b d n remove pa91 su* z exp5sive food2 & t ^! are nei!r natural nor necess>y1 :i* are su* z cr[ns1 or ! erection ( /atues47 #ca4 8,^? desires :i* d n lead to pa91 if !y are n satisfi$1 are n necess>y4 ,x is easy to impose sil5ce on !m :5 !y appe> difficult to gratify1 or likely to produce injury4 #cb4 8,:5 ! natural desires1 ! fail+ to satisfy :i* is1 nev]!less1 n pa9ful1 are viol5t & ob/9ate1 x is a pro( t !re is an admixture ( va9 op9ion 9 !m2 = !n en]gy does n arise f _! own nature1 b f ! va9 op9ions ( m54 #cc4 8,natural ju/ice is a cov5ant ( :at is suitable1 lead+ m5 to avoid injur+ "o ano!r1 & be+ injur$4 #cd4 8,^? animals :i* are unable to ent] into an argum5t ( ?is nature1 or to gu>d aga9/ do+ or su/a9+ mutual injury1 h no su* ?+ z ju/ice or inju/ice4 ,& ! case is ! same ) ^? nations1 ! memb]s ( :i* are ei!r unwill+ or unable to ent] into a cov5ant to respect _! mutual int]e/s4 #ce4 8,ju/ice has no indep5d5t exi/5ce2 x results f mutual contracts1 & e/abli%es itself :]ev] !re is a mutual engagem5t to gu>d aga9/ do+ or su/a9+ mutual injury4 #cf4 8,inju/ice is n intr9sically bad2 x has ?is "* only because !re is jo9$ ) x a fe> ( n escap+ ^? :o are appo9t$ to puni% actions m>k$ ) t "*4 #cg4 8,x is n possible = a man :o secretly does any?+ 9 contrav5tion ( ! agreem5t :i* m5 h made ) "o ano!r1 to gu>d aga9/ do+1 or su/a9+ mutual injury1 to believe t he %all always escape notice1 ev5 if he h escap$ notice already t5 ?\s& times2 =1 till 8 dea?1 x is unc]ta9 :e!r he w n be detect$4 #ch4 8,9 a g5]al po9t ( view1 ju/ice is ! same ?+ to e "o2 = !re is some?+ advantage\s 9 mutual society4 ,nev]!less1 ! diff]5ce ( place1 & div]s o!r circum/ances1 make ju/ice v>y4 #ci4 8,f ! mom5t t a ?+ decl>$ j by ! law is g5]ally recogniz$ z useful = ! mutual relations ( m51 x becomes really j1 :e!r x is univ]sally reg>d$ z su* or n4 #dj4 8,b if1 on ! contr>y1 a ?+ e/abli%$ by law is n really useful = ! social relations1 !n x is n j2 & if t :i* 0 j1 inasmu* z x 0 useful1 loses ?is "*1 aft] hav+ be5 = "s "t consid]$ s1 x is n less true t1 dur+ t "t1 x 0 really j1 at lea/ = ^? :o d n p]plex !mselves ab\t va9 words1 b :o pref]1 9 e case1 exam9+ & judg+ = !mselves4 #da4 8,:51 )\t any fre% circum/ances aris+1 a ?+ :i* has be5 decl>$ j 9 practice does n agree ) ! impressions ( reason1 t is a pro( t ! ?+ 0 n really j4 ,9 ! same way1 :5 9 consequ5ce ( new circum/ances1 a ?+ :i* has be5 pron\nc$ j does n any long] appe> to agree ) utility1 ! ?+ :i* 0 j1 inasmu* z x 0 useful to ! social relations & int]c\rse ( mank9d1 ceases to be j ! mom5t :5 x ceases to be useful4 #db4 8,he :o desires to live tranquilly )\t hav+ any ?+ to fe> f o!r m51 ought to make himself fri5ds2 ^? :om he _c make fri5ds (1 he %\ld1 at lea/1 avoid r5d]+ enemies2 & if t is n 9 8 p[]1 he %\ld1 z f> z possible1 avoid all int]c\rse ) !m1 & keep !m alo(1 z f> z x is = 8 int]e/ to d s4 #dc4 8,! happie/ m5 are !y :o h arriv$ at ! po9t ( hav+ no?+ to fe> f ^? :o surr\nd !m4 ,su* m5 live ) "o ano!r mo/ agreeably1 hav+ ! firme/ gr\nds ( confid5ce 9 "o ano!r1 enjoy+ ! advantages ( fri5d%ip 9 all _! fulness1 & n lam5t+1 z a pitiable circum/ance1 ! premature dea? ( _! fri5ds40 ,,footnotes #a 8,! religion ( ! anci5t ,p]sians 0 ! wor%ip ( fire or ( ! elem5ts1 9 :i* fire 0 symbolical ( ! ,deity4 ,at a lat] p]iod1 9 ! "t ( ! ,greeks1 ! anci5t wor%ip 0 *ang$ into ! adoration ( ! />s 7,sabism71 especially ( ! sun & ( ! morn+ />4 ,?is religion 0 di/+ui%$ by a simple & maje/ic "*4 ,its prie/s 7 call$ ,magi40--,t5neman's ,manual ( ! ,hi/ory ( ,philosophy1 ,introd4 #gj4 #b 8,! ,*aldans 7 devot$ to ! wor%ip ( ! />s & to a/rology2 ! nature ( _! climate & c\ntry dispos+ !m to x4 ,! wor%ip ( ! />s 0 reviv$ by !m & widely dissem9at$ ev5 subsequ5tly to ! ,*ri/ian era40--,ibid4 #ga4 #c 8,cic]o speaks ( ^? :o 9 ,india are acc\nt$ philosoph]s1 liv+ nak$ & endur+ ! greate/ sev]ity ( w9t] )\t betray+ any feel+ ( pa91 & display+ ! same ins5sibility :5 expos$ to ! flames40--,tusc4 ,qu/4 v4 #bg4 #d 8,! religion ( ! ,britons 0 "o ( ! mo/ consid]able p>ts ( _! gov]nm5t1 & ! ,druids :o 7 _! prie/s1 possess$ great au?ority among !m4 ,besides m9i/]+ at ! alt>1 & direct+ all religi\s duties1 !y presid$ ov] ! education ( y\?2 !y possess$ bo? ! civil & crim9al jurisdiction1 !y decid$ all controv]sies among /ates z well z among private p]sons1 & :oev] refus$ to submit to _! decree 0 expos$ to ! mo/ sev]e p5alties4 ,! s5t5ce ( excommunication 0 pron\nc$ aga9/ him2 he 0 =bidd5 access to ! sacrifices ( public wor%ip2 he 0 deb>r$ all int]c\rse ) 8 fell[ citiz5s ev5 9 ! common affairs ( life3 8 company 0 univ]sally %unn$ z pr(ane & dang]\s1 he 0 refus$ ! protection ( law1 & dea? itself became an acceptable relief f ! mis]y & infamy to :i* he 0 expos$4 ,?us ! bonds ( gov]nm5t1 :i* 7 naturally loose among t rude & turbul5t p1 7 happily corroborat$ by ! t]rors ( _! sup]/ition4 8,no species ( sup]/ition 0 ev] m t]rible ?an t ( ! ,druids2 besides ! sev]al p5alties :i* x 0 9 ! p[] ( ! ecclesia/ics to inflict 9 ?is _w1 !y inculcat$ ! et]nal transmigration ( s\ls1 & !reby ext5d$ _! au?ority z f> z ! fe>s ( _! timor\s vot>ies4 ,!y practis$ _! rites 9 d>k groves or o!r secret recesses1 & 9 ord] to ?r[ a great] my/]y ov] _! religion1 !y communicat$ _! doctr9es only to ! initiat$1 & /rictly =bade ! committ+ ( !m to writ+1 le/ !y %\ld at any "t be expos$ to ! exam9ation ( ! pr(ane & vulg>4 ,human sacrifices 7 practis$ among !m2 ! spoils ( w> 7 (t5 devot$ to _! div9ities1 & !y puni%$ ) ! sev]e/ tortures :oev] d>$ to secrete any "p ( ! consecrat$ (f]+4 ,^! treasures !y kept secret$ 9 woods & =e/s1 secur$ by no o!r gu>d ?an ! t]rors ( _! religion2 & _! /eady conque/ ov] human avidity may be reg>d$ z m signal ?an _! prompt+ m5 to ! mo/ extraord9>y & mo/ viol5t ef=ts4 ,no idolatr\s wor%ip ev] atta9$ su* an asc5dant ov] mank9d z t ( ! anci5t ,gauls & ,britons4 ,& ! ,romans aft] _! conque/1 f9d+ x impossible to reconcile ^? nations to ! laws & in/itutions ( _! ma/]s :ile x ma9ta9$ its au?ority1 7 at la/ oblig$ to aboli% x by p5al /atutes1 a viol5ce :i* _h nev] 9 any o!r in/ance be5 resort$ to by ^? tol]at+ conqu]ors40--,hume's ,hi/ory ( ,engl&1 *ap4 #a4 #a4 #e 8,zamolxis1 or ,zalmoxis1 s call$ f ! be>-sk9 77 9 :i* he 0 wrapp$ z soon z he 0 born1 0 a ,getan1 & a slave ( ,py?agoras at ,samos2 hav+ be5 emancipat$ by 8 ma/]1 he travell$ into ,egypt2 & on 8 return to 8 own c\ntry he introduc$ ! ideas :i* he _h acquir$ 9 8 travels on ! subject ( civilisation1 religion1 & ! immortality ( ! s\l4 ,he 0 made prie/ ( ! *ief deity among ! ,get1 & 0 aft]w>ds himself wor%ipp$ z a div9e p]son4 ,he 0 said to h liv$ 9 a subt]rane\s cav]n = ?ree ye>s1 & aft] t to h re-appe>$ among 8 c\ntrym540 ,h]odotus1 h[ev]1 :o records ^! /ories 7iv4 #ie71 expresses 8 disbelief ( !m1 plac+ him be=e ! "t ( ,py?agoras by _m ye>s1 & seems to incl9e to ! belief t he 0 an indig5\s ,getan deity4 #f ,! real "t ( ,zoroa/] is1 z may be suppos$1 v unc]ta91 b he is said by "s em95t writ]s to h liv$ 9 ! "t ( ,d>ius ,hy/aspes2 ?\gh o!rs1 app>5tly on bett] gr\nds1 place him at a v f> e>li] date4 ,he is n m5tion$ by ,h]odotus at all4 ,8 native c\ntry too is v unc]ta94 ,"s writ]s1 among :om are ,ctesias & ,ammian1 call him a ,bactrian1 :ile ,porphyry speaks ( him z a ,*aldan1 & ,pl9y z a native ( ,proconnesus2--,niebuhr consid]s him a purely my?ical p]sonage4 ,! great & fundam5tal article ( ! sy/em 7( ! ,p]sian !ology7 0 ! celebrat$ doctr9e ( ! two pr9ciples2 a bold & injudici\s attempt ( ,ea/]n philosophy to reconcile ! exi/5ce ( moral & physical evil ) ! attributes ( a b5efic5t ,creator & gov]nor ( ! _w4 ,! fir/ & orig9al be+1 9 :om1 or by :om ! univ]se exi/s1 is d5om9at$1 9 ! writ+s ( ,zoroa/]1 ,"t )\t b\nds4''' ,f ei!r ! bl9d or ! intellig5t op]ation ( ?is inf9ite ,"t1 :i* be>s b too ne> an aff9ity to ! ,*aos ( ! ,greeks1 ! two second>y b active pr9ciples ( ! univ]se 7 f all et]nity produc$2 ,ormusd & ,ahriman1 ea* ( !m possess$ ( ! p[]s ( creation1 b ea* dispos$ by 8 inv>iable nature to ex]cise !m ) diff]5t designs2 ! pr9ciple ( good is et]nally absorb$ 9 light1 ! pr9ciple ( evil is et]nally buri$ 9 d>kness4 ,! wise b5evol5ce ( ,ormusd =m$ man capable ( virtue1 & abundantly provid$ 8 fair habitation ) ! mat]ials ( happ9ess4 ,by 8 vigilant provid5ce ! motion ( ! planets1 ! ord] ( ! seasons1 & ! temp]ate mixture ( ! elem5ts are pres]v$4 ,b ! mak] ( ,ahriman has long s9ce pi]c$ ,ormusd's ,egg1 or 9 o!r words1 has violat$ ! h>mony ( 8 works4 ,s9ce t fatal irruption1 ! mo/ m9ute articles ( good & evil are intimately int]m+l$ & agitat$ toge!r2 ! ranke/ poisons spr+ up among ! mo/ salut>y plants2 deluges1 e>?quakes1 & conflagrations atte/ ! conflict ( nature1 & ! little _w ( man is p]petually %ak5 by vice & mis=tune4 ,:ile ! re/ ( mank9d are l$ away captives 9 ! *a9s ( _! inf]nal enemy1 ! fai?ful ,p]sian alone res]ves 8 religi\s adoration = 8 fri5d & protector ,ormusd1 & fights "u 8 bann] ( light1 9 ! full confid5ce t he %all1 9 ! la/ day1 %>e ! glory ( 8 triumph4 ,at t decisive p]iod1 ! enlight5$ wisdom ( goodness w r5d] ! p[] ( ,ormusd sup]ior to ! furi\s malice ( 8 rival2 ,ahriman & 8 foll[]s1 dis>m$ & subdu$1 w s9k into _! native d>kness1 & virtue w ma9ta9 ! et]nal peace & h>mony ( ! univ]se4''' ,z a legislator1 ,zoroa/] 8discov]$ a lib]al conc]n = ! public & private happ9ess seldom to be f\nd among ! vision>y s*emes ( sup]/ition4 ,fa/+ & celibacy1 ! common means ( pur*as+ ! div9e fav\r1 he condemns ) abhorr5ce1 z a crim9al rejection ( ! be/ gifts ( ,provid5ce40--,gibbon1 ,decl9e & ,fall ( ! ,roman ,empire1 c4 viii4 #g ,?is is ! acc\nt giv5 by ,virgil-- ,spret ,ciconum quo mun]e matres ,int] sacra ,dem nocturnique orgia ,bac*i1 ,disc]ptum latos juv5em sp>s]e p] agros4--,,georg4 iv4 #ebj4 ,:i* ,dryd5 translates-- ,! ,?racian matrons :o ! y\? accus'd1 ,( love disda9'd & m>riage rites refus'd2 ,) furies & nocturnal orgies fir'd1 ,at l5g? aga9/ 8 sacr$ life conspir'd2 ,:om ev'n ! savage bea/s _h sp>'d !y kill'd1 ,& /rew'd 8 mangl$ limbs ab\t ! field4 #h ,?is 0 ! temple ( ! national deity ( ! ,ionians1 ,neptune ,heliconius1 on ,m\nt ,mycale4--,vide ,smi?1 ,dict4 ,gr4 & ,rom4 ,antiq4 #i ,vide ,?irlwall1 ,hi/4 ( ,greece1 ii4 p4 #cd4 #aj ,"o ( ! ,sporades4 #aa ,an isl& ne> ,crete4 #ab ,hom4 ,il4 #b4 #fga4 ,dryd5's ,v]sion4 #ac ,vide ,h]od4 lib4 #a4 c4 #cj-cc4 #ad ,a dra*ma 0 some?+ less ?an t5 p5ce4 #ae 8 ! la/ day ( ! mon?3 else:]e 4 ,s call$ = ?is reason4 ,! old ,greek ye> 0 lun>2 n[ ! moon's mon?ly orbit is tw5ty-n9e & a half days4 ,s t if ! fir/ mon? began ) ! sun & moon toge!r at sunrise1 at ! mon?'s end x w\ld be sunset2 & ! second mon? w\ld beg9 at sunset4 ,to prev5t ?is irregul>ity1 ,solon made ! latt] half day belong to ! fir/ mon?2 s t ?is ?irtie? day consi/$ ( two halves1 "o belong+ to ! old1 ! o!r to ! new moon4 ,& :5 ! lun> mon? fell into disuse1 ! la/ day ( ! cal5d> mon? 0 /ill call$ 40--,l4 ,s4 ,greek ,lexicon1 9 v4 4 #af ,h]odotus m5tions ! case ( ,p]i&]'s *ildr51 iii4 #ej1 & ! dea? ( 8 wife1 & 8 burn+ ! clo!s ( all ! ,cor9?ian wom51 v4 #ib4 #ag ,"s propose to read 1 fruit1 in/ead ( 1 smoke1 "h2 o!rs expla9 ?is say+ z mean+ t ! ,greeks avoid$ h\ses on ! hills 9 ord] n to be annoy$ ) ! smoke f ! l[ cottage1 & yet did n use coal1 b wood1 :i* w\ld make m smoke4 #ah ,?is ref]s to ! result ( ! w> :i* ,antipat]1 :o became reg5t ( ,mac$onia on ! dea? ( ,alex&] ! ,great1 c>ri$ on aga9/ ! conf$]acy ( ,greek /ates1 ( :i* ,a!ns 0 ! head2 & 9 :i*1 aft] hav+ defeat$ !m at ,cranon1 he compell$ ! ,a!nians to aboli% ! democracy1 & to admit a g>rison into ,muny*ia4 #ai 1 /icks or faggots4 #bj ,aft] ! battle ( ,arg9us4 #ba 8,?is is n q correct4 ,socrates believ$ t ! dmon :i* att5d$ him1 limit$ 8 w>n+s to 8 own conduct2 prev5t+ him f do+ :at 0 wrong1 b n prompt+ him to d "r40--,see ,grote's admirable *apt] on ,socrates4 ,hi/4 ( ,greece1 vol4 v4 #bb ,grote gives good reasons = disbeliev+ ?is4 #bc ,! ,greek is1 --8 1 an action aga9/ a fre$man = hav+ =sak5 or slight$ 8 40--,l4 ,s4 #bd ,?is is exactly ! "* t ,horace gives ( him3-- ,omnis ,ari/ippum decuit color et /atus et res2 ,t5tantem majora1 f]e prs5tibus equum4-- ,ep4 i4 #bc1 #bd4 #be ,plut>*1 9 8 life ( ,pompey1 attributes ^! l9es to ,sophocles1 b does n m5tion ! play 9 :i* !y occurr$4 #bf ,! ,fr5* translator gives ! foll[+ examples1 to %[ :at is meant by ^! sev]al k9ds ( quibbl+ argum5ts3-- ,! ly+ "o is ?is3--,is ! man a li> :o says t he tells lies4 ,if he is1 !n he does n tell lies2 & if he does n tell lies1 is he a li>8 ,! conceal$ "o3--,d y "k ?is man :o is conceal$8 ,if y d n1 y d n "k y\r own fa!r2 = he x is :o is conceal$4 ,! veil$ "o is mu* ! same z ! prec$+4 ,! electra is a quibble ( ! same k9d z ! two prec$+ ones3 ,electra sees ,ore/es3 %e kn[s t ,ore/es is h] bro!r1 b does n "k t ! man %e sees is ,ore/es2 !re=e %e does "k1 & does n "k1 h] bro!r at ! same "t4 ,! ,sorites is univ]sally kn[n4 ,! bald "o is a k9d ( ,sorites2 pull+ "o hair out ( a man's head w n make him bald1 nor two1 nor ?ree1 & s on till e hair 9 8 head is pull$ out4 ,! horn$ "o3--,y h :at y h n lo/4 ,y h n lo/ horns1 !re=e y h horns4 #bg ,f 1 to confute4 #bh 1 take away 4 41 leaves 1 an ass4 #bi ,! quibble "h is t is prop]ly only mascul9e1 ?\gh x is sometimes us$ z fem99e4 #cj ,! ,greek is a p>ody on ! descriptions ( ,tantalus & ,sisyphus4 ,hom4 ,od4 ii4 #eha1 #eib4 ,see also1 ,dryd5's ,v]sion1 ,b4 ii4 #gai4 #ca ,! ,greek is 4 8,a mime 0 a k9d ( prose drama1 int5d$ z a famili> repres5tation ( life & "*1 )\t any di/9ct plot4 ,x 0 divid$ into & 1 also into & 40--,l4 4 ,s4 9 voc4 4 #cb ,! ,greek is1 4 #cc ,?is figure 0 l a b>b$ arr[1 accord+ to ,zevort4 #cd ,h]ophilus 0 "o ( ! mo/ celebrat$ physicians ( antiquity1 :o f\nd$ ! ,m$ical ,s*ool at ,alex&ria1 9 ! "t ( ! fir/ ,ptolemy4 #ce ,hom4 ,od4 x4 #chg4 ,pope's ,v]sion1 #dej4 #cf ,p]haps !re is a pun "h2 means n only a kn\t compos$ ( small bones /rung toge!r1 b also a die4 #cg ,?is is a quotation f "s lo/ play ( ,euripides1 slightly alt]$1 ! l9e1 z pr9t$ 9 ! ,v>iorum ,edition1 vol4 vii41 ,mc4 ,trag4 cxxx4 is-- 1 4 #ch ,!re is a pun "h :i* is untranslateable4 ,! ,greek is 1 mean+ usury1 & also (fspr+ or deliv]y4 #ci ,hom4 ,od4 x4 #cce4 ,pope's ,v]sion1 #chg4 #dj ,hom4 ,il4 vi4 #baa4 ,pope's ,v]sion1 #bed4 #da ,?is is a quotation f ! ,hippolytus ( ,euripides1 v4 #dbd4 #db ,i d\bt if ! wit ( ^! p>odies w be appreciat$ by ! mod]n read]4 ,! l9es ( ,hom]1 :i* !y are int5d$ to p>ody1 are3-- 1 1 4--,il4 #c1 #ahb4 1 ' 4--,il4 v4 #adf4 ,! fir/ ( :i* is translat$ by ,pope3-- ,oh1 ble/ ,atrides1 born ( prosp]\s fate1 ,successful mon>* ( a mighty /ate6 ,! ,greek p>ody 9 ! text is3-- 1 1 ' 4 #dc ,f 1 solvo1 to relax or weak5 ! limbs4 #dd ,f 1 8to walk ab\t40 #de ,il4 #ah1 #ie4 #df ,?is v spirit$ v]sion ,i owe to ! k9dness ( my bro!r1 ! ,rev4 ,j4 ,e4 ,yonge1 ( ,eton ,college4 #dg 81 ! actuality ( a ?+1 z oppos$ to simple capability or pot5tiality 772 a philosophic ^w inv5t$ by ,ari/otle4-- ''' q di/9ct f 1 ?\gh ,cic]o 7,tusc4 i4 #aj17 conf\nd$ !m40--,l4 ,s4 9 voc4 #dh ,f div9e1 & diction4 #di ,?is 0 a temple ( ! ,muses :i* he _h built = a s*ool4 #ej ,s z to make x appe> connect$ ) 1 sweet4 #ea 1 means an e>!nw>e j> = w9e4 #eb ,! =ego+ acc\nt h>dly does ju/ice to ,demetrius1 :o 0 a man ( real ability1 & ( a v diff]5t class to ! g5]ality ( ^? :om ! anci5ts dignifi$ ) ! title ( philosoph]s4 ,he 0 call$ ,phal]eus1 to di/+ui% him f 8 contempor>y ,demetrius ,poliorcetes4 ,8 adm9i/ration ( ! affairs ( ,a!ns 0 s successful1 t ,cic]o gives him ! praise ( hav+ re-e/abli%$ ! s9k+ & almo/ pro/rate p[] ( ! republic4 7,cic4 de ,rep4 ii4 #a47 ,z an orator1 he is spok5 ( by ! same great au?ority ) ! highe/ admiration4 ,cic]o calls him 8a subtle disput]1 n vehem5t1 b v sweet1 z a pupil ( ,!ophra/us might be expect$ to be40 7de ,(f4 i4 #c47 ,9 ano!r place he praises him z possess$ ( great le>n+1 & z "o :o 8r delight$ ?an inflam$ ! ,a!nians40 7de ,clav4 ,orat4 #cg47 ,& says1 8t he 0 ! fir/ p]son :o endeav\r$ to s(t5 eloqu5ce1 & :o made x t5d] & g5tle2 pref]r+ to appe> sweet1 z inde$ he 01 r ?an vehem5t40 7,ibid4 #ch47 ,9 ano!r place he says1 8,demetrius ,phal]eus ! mo/ poli%$ ( all ^? orators0 7he has be5 m5tion+ ,demo/h5es1 ,hyp]ides1 ,lycurgus1 s*9es1 & ,d9>*us7 89 my op9ion40 7de ,orat4 ii4 #bc47 ,& he praises him = n conf9+ 8 le>n+ to ! s*ools1 b = br++ x into daily use1 & employ+ x z "o ( 8 ord9>y weapons4 7de ,leg4 iii4 #ad47 ,& asks :o c be f\nd besides him :o excell$ 9 bo? ways1 s z to be pre-em95t at ! same "t z a s*ol>1 & a gov]nor ( a /ate4 7,ibid47 ,he m5tions 8 dea? 9 ! oration = ,rabirius ,po/umus1 #i4 ,he appe>s to h di$ ab\t ,b4,c4 #bhb4 #ec ,f 1 a procession4 #ed ,!re is a play on ! simil>ity ( ! two s\nds1 1 common1 & 1 puni%m5t4 #ee ,! ,greek is1 1 :i* 0 a prov]b = utt] de/ruction4 #ef ,! passage is n free f difficulty2 b ! ?+ :i* misl$ ,diog5es appe>s to h be5 t 1 ! ^w "h us$1 meant bo? 8a co91 or co9age10 & 8a cu/om40 #eg ,?is l9e is f ,euripides1 ,m$ea1 #daa4 #eh ,! sap]da 0 ! corac9us 7a k9d ( fi%7 :5 salt$4 #ei ,?is is probably an allusion to a prosecution in/itut$ by ,demo/h5es aga9/ ,midias1 :i* 0 aft]w>ds compromis$ by ,midias pay+ ,demo/h5es ?irty m91 or ?ree ?\s& dra*m4 ,see ,dem4 ,or4 cont4 ,midias4 #fj ,?is is a pun ^u ! simil>ity ( ,a?lias's "n to ! ,greek adjective 1 :i* signifies mis]able4 #fa ,! 7 ! sacr$ secret>ies or record]s s5t by ea* ,amphictyonic /ate to ! c\ncil along ) _! 1 7! actual deputy or m9i/]74 ,l4 ,s4 ,gr4 ,eng4 ,lex41 9 voc4 #fb ,!re is a pun "h4 is ! ^w us$ = worse4 ,*iron 0 also ! mo/ celebrat$ ( ! ,c5taurs1 ! tutor ( ,a*illes4 #fc ,!re is a pun int5d$ "h2 z ,diog5es propos$ ,didymus a fate some:at simil> to t ( ! beav]4 ,cupi5s evad]e damno ,te/iculorum4 #fd ,?is is tak5 f ,hom]1 ,il4 4 #chg4 ,pope's ,v]sion1 #dee4 #fe ,?is is also f ,hom]1 ,il4 4 #ie4 ,pope's ,v]sion1 #abj4 #ff ,?is is a p>ody on ,hom]1 ,il4 4 #ie1 :]e ! l9e ends ' --8if su* is y\r language10 :i* ,diog5es "h *anges to ' 1 if y buy su* ?+s4 #fg ,?is is a l9e ( ! ,phniss ( ,euripides1 v4 #dj4 #fh ,! pun "h is on ! simil>ity ( ! n\n 1 an olive1 to ! v]b 1 to drive2 ! words ' are ( frequ5t occurr5ce 9 ,hom]4 #fi ,?is l9e occurs1 ,hom4 ,il4 4 #hc4 #gj ,! ,samo?racian ,gods 7 ,gods ( ! sea1 & x 0 cu/om>y = ^? :o _h be5 sav$ f %ipwreck to make !m an (f]+ ( "s "p ( :at !y _h sav$2 & ( _! hair1 if !y _h sav$ no?+ b _! lives4 #ga ,eurytion 0 ano!r ( ! ,c5taurs1 :o 0 kill$ by ,h]cules4 #gb ,?is is a pun on ! simil>ity ( ! s\nd1 ,tegea1 to 1 a bro!l4 #gc ,! ,greek is 1-- 0 n only a subscription or contribution = ! support ( ! poor1 b also a club or society ( subscrib]s to a common fund = any purpose1 social1 comm]cial1 or *>itable1 or especially political4''' ,on ! v>i\s 1 v4 ,bckh1 ,p4 ,e4 i4 #cbh4 ,att4 ,process4 p4 #edj1 s4 #ii4 ,l4 ,s4 9 voc4 4 #gd ,hom4 ,il4 4 #fe4 #ge ,!re is a pun "h2 means bo? 8a girl0 & 8! pupil ( ! eye40 ,& 1 8to de/roy10 is also especially us$ = 8to s$uce40 #gf ,?is is a p>ody on ,hom]4 ,il4 #eia4 ,pope's ,v]sion1 #gfj4 #gg ,hom4 ,il4 4 #cie4 ,pope's v]sion1 #dfj4 #gh ,?is l9e is f ! ,bac* ( ,euripides1 v4 #abbh4 #gi ,f ?is la/ p>agraph x is inf]r$ by "s critics1 t orig9ally ! prec$+ memoirs ( ,crates1 ,metrocles1 & ,hipp>*ia =m$ only "o *apt] or book4 #hj ,?is a p>ody on two l9es 9 ! ,antiope ( ,euripides3 1 ' ' 4 ,:i* may be translat$3-- ,wisdom x is :i* regulates bo? cities1 ,& private citiz5s1 & makes _! lot ,secure & happy2 nor is h] influ5ce ,( less acc\nt 9 w>4 #ha ,a sort ( guit> or viol94 #hb ,! ,greek is1 1 a species ( argum5t s call$1 because he :o us$ x m[$ or knock$ d[n 8 adv]s>ies4--,aldob4 #hc ,! ,greek 9 ! text is3-- 1 ' 4 ,! l9es 9 ,hesiod are3-- ' 4--,op4 ,e4 ,di4 #bic4 ,t man is be/1 ^: unassi/$ wit ,p]ceives at once :at 9 ea* case is fit4 ,& next to him1 he surely is mo/ wise1 ,:o will+ly submits to good advice4 #hd ,hu]n] ?9ks 7z inde$ is evid5t7 t some?+ is lo/ "h2 & proposes to read ! s5t5ce ?us3-- 1 1 4 ,) ref]5ce to :i* passage1 ,liddell & ,scott1 ,gr4 ,eng4 ,lex4 voc4 1 ?us speak3 8 ''' z a philosophical t]m ( ! ,/oics 1 a complete pr$icam5t su* z is an intransitive v]b3 e4g4 2 :ile an imp]fect v]b 0 reg>d$ z an incomplete pr$icam5t2 e4g4 1 & call$ 1 or 40 #he ,?is l9e is f ! ,ina*us ( ,sophocles 7"o ( 8 lo/ plays74 #hf ,hom]1 ,iliad ,,ii4 #dhd4 #hg ,?is l9e is f ! ,ci?>i/a ( ,m5&]4 #hh ,x w\ld appe> t !re is a consid]able hiatus "h2 = ! in/ance foll[+ is a sorites1 & n a specim5 ( ! veil$ argum5t4 ,& !re is no in/ance giv5 ( ! conceal$1 or ( ! horn$ "o4 ,/ill1 ! m]e fact ( ! text be+ un9telligible1 is f> f prov+ t we h n got x z ,diog5es wrote x2 z ?\gh 9 ! language ( ! writ] 9 ,smi?'s ,biographical ,diction>y1 vol4 i4 pp4 #ajbb1 #ajbc1 8! "w conta9s a ri* /ore ( liv+ features1 :i* s]ve to illu/rate ! private life ( ! ,greeks10 x is equally cle> t ! au?or 80 unequal to writ+ a hi/ory ( ,greek philosophy4 ,8 "w 9 reality is no?+ b a compilation ( ! mo/ het]og5e\s & (t5 contradictory acc\nts4''' ,! traces ( c>elessness & mi/akes are v num]\s2 mu* 9 ! "w is confus$1 & !re is also mu* t is q absurd4 ,& z f> z philosophy itself is conc]n$1 ,diog5es v frequ5tly did n "k :at he 0 talk+ ab\t :5 he abridg$ ! !ories ( ! philosoph]s40 #hi ,! ?ird po9t ( view is want+2 & ^? t are giv5 appe> to be ill select$4 ,! ,fr5* translator1 foll[+ ! h9t ( ,huebn]1 gives ! foll[+ passage f ,sextus ,empiricus 7a physician ( ! ,sceptic s*ool1 ab\t ,b4,c4 #bej71 9 8 "w aga9/ ! ,philosoph]s1 :i* he says may s]ve to rectify & complete ! /atem5t ( ,diog5es ,lartius4 8,good is said 9 "o s5se ( t :i* produces ! useful1 or f :i* ! useful results2 t is1 ! good p> excell5ce1 virtue4 ,= virtue is z x 7 ! s\rce f :i* all utility naturally fl[s4 ,9 ano!r s5se x is said ( t :i* is accid5tally ! cause ( utility2 "u ?is po9t ( view we call good n only virtue1 b also ^? actions :i* are con=mable to virtue1 = !y are accid5tally useful4 ,9 ! ?ird & la/ place1 we call good ev]y?+ t possibly c be useful1 compreh5d+ "u ?is def9ition virtue1 virtu\s actions1 fri5ds1 good m51 ! ,gods1 c41 c40 #ij ,hom4 ,il4 ,i4 #ha4 ,pope's ,v]sion1 l4 #aje4 #ia ,x is h>dly necess>y to rem>k t is ! "n ( ,m9]va1 n ( ,jupit]2 1 ( ,juno2 1 ( ,vulcan2 1 ( ,neptune1 & 1 ( ,c]es4 is prop]ly d]iv$ f 1 to %9e2 has "s aff9ity ) 1 to dr9k4 is only a dialectic v>iation ( 4 #ib ,!re is a hiatus 9 ! text "h4 ,casaubon supplies ! mean+ by a ref]5ce to ,plut>*'s ,treatise on ! op9ions ( ! ,philosoph]s1 iii4 #g1 8t ! w9ds are a fl[+ ( ! air1 & t !y h v>i\s names ) ref]5ce to ! c\ntries f :i* !y fl[40 #ic ,some?+ is evid5tly want+ "h2 probably "s m5tion ( an e>?quake4 #id ,?is is simil> to ,virgil's description4 ,qu9que t55t clum zon1 qu>um una corusco ,semp] ,sole rub5s1 et torrida semp] ab igni3 ,quam circum extrem dextr lvque trahuntur4 ,crule glacie concret atque imbribus atris4 ,has int] m$iamque du mortalibus gris ,mun]e concess ,divm1 et via secta p] ambas1 ,obliquus qua se signorum v]t]et ordo4--,,georg4 ,i4 #bcc4 ,!re is no "p ( ,dryd5's translation sup]ior to t ( ?is passage4 ,five girdles b9d ! skies2 ! torrid zone ,gl[s ) ! pass+ & repass+ sun2 ,f> on ! "r & left1 ?' extremes ( heav51 ,to fro/s1 & sn[s1 & bitt] bla/s are giv52 ,betwixt ! mid/4 ,& !re ! ,gods assign$ ,f\r habitable seats = human k9d1 ,&1 cross _! limits cut a slop+ way1 ,:i* ! twelve signs 9 beaute\s ord] sway4 l4 #cbb4 #ie 81 a "n giv5 by ,h]illus 9 ,diog5es ,lartius to a man's natural tal5ts1 c41 :i* ought all to be subord9ate to ! atta9m5t ( ! *ief good40--,l4 ,s4 9 voc4 #if ,f 1 a well1 & to draw wat]4 #ig ,! ,greek us$ is 2 :i* 0 a t]m especially appli$ to ! money :i* slaves let out to hire paid to _! ma/]4 #ih ,?is is a p>ody on ,hom4 ,il4 iii4 #aif4 ,pope's v]sion1 i4 #bfj4 ,! ^w means ! m\? piece ( a flute4 #ii ,tak5 f ! ,ore/es ( ,euripides1 i4 #adj4 #ajj ,?is is p>odi$ f ,hom4 ,od4 iv4 #faa4 ,pope's v]sion1 l4 #hca4 #aja ,?is is ref]r+ to ! ,/oic doctr9e ridicul$ by ,horace3 ,si dives qui sapi5s e/1 ,et sutor bonus1 et solus =mosus1 et e/ ,rex ,cur optas quod habes8--,hor4 ,sat4 i4 #acj4 ,:i* may be translat$3-- ,if e man is ri* :o's wise1 ,a cobbl] too beyond all price2 ,a h&some man1 & eke a k+2 ,:y ?us y\r v[s at r&om fl+8 #ajb ,f 1 to hide1 & 1 a horse4 #ajc ,^! l9es are f ! ,ere/es ( ,euripides1 v4 #bdg4 #ajd ,?is is a quotation f ,hom]1 ,od4 x4 #die4 ,pope's ,v]sion1 #ehf4 ,! ,greek "h is1 4 ,! l9e 9 ,hom] /&s3 1--sc3 4 #aje ,! argum5t by progression is ! sorites4 8,! arre/0 is ! me?od ( enc\nt]+ ! sorites1 by tak+ "s p>ticul> po9t at :i* to /op ! admissions requir$ by ! sorites4 #ajf ,! rema9d] ( ! life ( ,*rysippus is lo/4 #ajg ,see ,h]od4 iv4 #ic4 #ajh ,?is resembles ! acc\nt :i* ,ovid puts into ! m\? ( ,py?agoras1 9 ! la/ book ( 8 ,metamorphoses1 :]e he makes him say3-- ,morte c>5t anim1 semp]que priore relicta ,s$e1 novis domibus habitant vivuntque recept2 ,ipse ego1 nam mem9i1 ,trojani tempora belli1 ,pan?orides ,euphorbus eram1 cui pectore quondam ,hsit 9 adv]so gravis ha/a m9oris ,atrid3 ,agnovi ,clypeum lv ge/am9a no/r ,nup] ,abantes templo ,junonis 9 ,argis4 ,:i* may be translat$3-- ,dea? has no p['r ?' immortal s\l to slay2 ,t1 :5 its pres5t body turns to clay1 ,seeks a fre% home1 & ) unm9i%'d might ,inspires ano!r frame ) life & light4 ,s ,i myself1 7well ,i ! pa/ recall7 ,:5 ! fi]ce ,greeks begirt ,troy's holy wall1 ,0 brave ,euphorbus2 & 9 conflict dre>1 ,p\r$ =? my blood b5ea? ,atrides' spe>3 ,! %ield ?is arm did be> ,i lately saw ,9 ,juno's %r9e1 a trophy ( t w>4 #aji ,?is passage has be5 int]pret$ 9 m ways ?an "o4 ,casaubon ?9ks ) great probability t !re is a hiatus 9 ! text4 ,i h endeav\r$ to extract a mean+ out ( :at rema9s4 ,comp>e ,samuel ii4 #af1 #bc4 8,& ! c\nsel ( ,ahitophel1 :i* he c\nsell$ 9 ^? days1 0 z if a man _h enquir$ at ! oracle ( ,god2 s 0 all ! c\nsel ( ,ahitophel bo? ) ,david & ) ,absalom40 #aaj ,zaleucus 0 ! celebrat$ lawgiv] ( ! ,epizephyrian ,locrians1 & is said to h be5 orig9ally a slave employ$ by a %eph]d1 & to h be5 set free & appo9t$ lawgiv] by ! direction ( an oracle1 9 consequ5ce ( 8 ann\nc+ "s excell5t laws1 :i* he repres5t$ ,m9]va z hav+ communicat$ to him 9 a dream4 ,diog5es1 is wrong h[ev]1 9 call+ him a disciple ( ,py?agoras 7see ,b5tley on ,phal>is71 z he liv$ ab\t a hundr$ ye>s be=e 8 "t2 8 true date be+ #ffj ,b4,c4 ,! code ( ,zaleucus is /at$ to h be5 ! fir/ collection ( writt5 laws t ! ,greeks possess$4 ,_! "* 0 t ( great sev]ity4 ,!y h n come d[n to u4 ,8 dea? is said to h occurr$ ?us4 ,among 8 laws 0 "o =bidd+ any citiz5 to ent] ! s5ate h\se 9 arms1 "u ! p5alty ( dea?4 ,b 9 a sudd5 em]g5cy1 ,zaleucus himself1 9 a mom5t ( =getfulness1 transgress$ 8 own law3 on :i* he slew himself1 decl>+ t he w\ld v9dicate 8 law4 7,eu/a?4 ad4 ,il4 i4 p4 #fj74 ,diodorus1 h[ev]1 tells ! same /ory ( ,*>ondas4 #aaa ,*>ondas 0 a lawgiv] ( ,catana1 :o legislat$ = 8 own city & ! o!r t[ns ( ,*alcidian orig9 9 ,magna ,grecia1 su* z ,zancle1 ,naxos1 ,leont9i1 ,euba1 ,myl1 ,him]a1 ,callipolis1 & ,rhegium4 ,8 laws h n be5 pres]v$ to u1 ) ! exception ( a few judgm5ts4 ,!y 7 probably 9 v]se1 = ,a!nu says t !y 7 sung 9 ,a!ns at banquets4 ,ari/otle tells u t !y 7 adapt$ to an ari/ocracy4 ,x is mu* d\bt$ :e!r x is really true t he 0 a disciple ( ,py?agoras1 ?\gh we are n sure ( 8 exact "t1 s t we _c pron\nce x z impossible z 9 ! prec$+ case4 ,he mu/ h liv$ be=e ! "t ( ,anaxilaus1 tyrant ( ,rhegium1 :o reign$ f ,b4,c4 #did to ,b4,c4 #dgf1 because he aboli%$ ! laws ( ,*>ondas1 :i* _h previ\sly be5 9 =ce 9 t city4 ,diodorus gives a code ( laws :i* he /ates t ,*>ondas gave to ! city ( ,?urii1 :i* 0 n f\nd$ till ,b4,c4 #ddc1 :5 he mu/ c]ta9ly h be5 dead a long "t4 ,!re is "o law ( 8 pres]v$ by ,/obu1 :i* is probably au!ntic1 s9ce x is f\nd 9 a fragm5t ( ,!ophra/us2 enact+ t all buy+ & sell+ %all be transact$ by ready money only4 #aab ,?is doctr9e is allud$ to d\btfully by ,virgil1 ,georg4 i4 #bdg4 ,illic1 ut p]hib5t1 aut intempe/a silet nox ,semp]1 et obduct d5santur nocte t5ebr2 ,aut r$it a nobis ,aurora1 diemque r$ucit2 ,nosque ubi primus equis ori5s afflavit anhelis1 ,illic s]a rub5s acc5dit lum9a ,vesp]4 ,?us translat$ by ,dryd51 l4 #cch3-- ,!re1 z !y say1 p]petual night is f\nd1 ,9 sil5ce brood+ o'er ?' unhappy gr\nd4 ,or :5 ,aurora leaves our nor!rn sph]e1 ,%e lights ! d[nw>d heav'n & rises !re2 ,& :5 on u %e brea!s ! liv+ light ,r$ ,vesp] k9dles !re ! tap]s ( ! night4 #aac appe>s1 9 a division l ?is1 to be ! delib]ative "p ( ! m9d2 1 ! rational "p ( ! intellect3 1 t "p ) :i* ! passions are conc]n$4 #aad ,!re is a great v>iety ( sugge/ions z to ! prop] read+ "h4 ,!re is evid5tly "s corruption 9 ! text4 #aae ,f 1 to cause to cease1 1 sorr[4 #aaf ,x is impossible to give ! =ce ( ?is epigram 9 any o!r language4 ,x is a pun on 1 & 4 ,! la/ ^w mean+ n only high1 l(ty1 b also em95t1 v skilful4 ,! pla9 ,engli% w\ld be3--8,! l(ty height ( a mo/ em95t c\ntry conceals ,acron1 a skilful physician ( ,acragas1 ! son ( a skilful fa!r40 ,! v>iation w\ld be3--8,a high tomb on a v high summit1 conceals10 c4 #aag ,?is /ory is m5tion$ by ,horace3-- ,siculique poet1 ,n>rabo int]itum2 deus immortalis hab]i1 ,dum cupit ,emp$ocles ard5tem frigidus tnam1 ,insiluit4 ,a4 ,p4 #dff4 #aah ,?is is slightly p>odi$ f ,hom]4 ,od4 xi4 #bgh4 ,pope's ,v]sion1 #ccg4 #aai ,!re 7 ?ree fe/ivals ( ,bac*us at ,a!ns at :i* dramatic conte/s took place1 ! ' 1 or1 89 ! fields20 ! or 1 or 8! m>%es10 a "p ( ! city ne> ! ,acropolis1 9 :i* 0 situat$ ! 1 an enclosure d$icat$ to ,bac*us2 & ! 1 89 ! city10 or 4 ,! comic conte/s usually took place at ! second or ,l5an fe/ivals4 ,sometimes also at ! ,great ,dionysia4 #abj 1 glori\s4 #aba ,accord+ to ,/rabo1 ! desc5dants ( ,&roclus1 ! f\nd] ( ,ephesus 7( :i* family ,h]aclitus came71 bore ! title ( k+1 & _h c]ta9 pr]ogatives & privileges atta*$ to ! title4 #abb ,!re is probably "s corruption 9 ! text "h4 #abc ,!re is great obscurity & unc]ta9ty ( ! text "h4 ,! read+ translat$ is t ( ,huebn]1 4 ,"s read 1 he seems to h ab&on$ ! ,py?agoreans4 ,o!rs propose 4 ,! ,fr5* translator r5d]s1--,he _h = enemies ! ,py?agoreans4 #abd ,see ! acc\nt ( ,z5o ! ,cittian4 #abe ,see ! life ( ,p>m5ides4 #abf ,!re is evid5tly a consid]able gap 9 ! text "h4 #abg ,z !re is no su* passage 9 ,h]odotus1 ,valck5r conjectures t we ought "h to read ,metrodorus4 #abh ,! ,!smophoria 0 a fe/ival 9 hon\r ( ,c]es1 celebrat$ 9 v>i\s p>ts ( ,greece2 & only by m>ri$ wom52 ?\gh girls might p]=m "s ( ! c]emonies4 ,h]odotus says1 t x 0 introduc$ into ,greece f ,egypt1 by ! daught]s ( ,danaus4 ,! ,attic ,!smophoria la/$ probably ?ree days1 & began on ! elev5? day ( ! mon? ,pyanession2 ! fir/ day 0 call$ 1 or 1 f ! wom5 go+ 9 procession to ,eleusis2 ! second 1 or fa/+2 ! ?ird 0 call$ 1 z on t day ,c]es 0 invok$ "u t "n1 & x 0 ! day ( m]rim5t ( ! fe/ival4 #abi ,namely1 reason+ well1 express+ "o's self well1 & act+ well4 #acj ,?is is ?us embodi$ by ,lucretius3-- ,nam nihil e nihilo1 9 nihilum nl posse rev]ti4 #aca ,hom4 ,il4 v4 #cdj4 ,pope's v]sion1 #dbb4 #acb ,il4 vi4 #adf4 #acc ,il4 xxi4 #ajf4 ,pope's v]sion1 #aae4 #acd ,hom]1 ,il4 xx4 #bdh4 ,pope's v]sion1 #bid4 #ace ,!re is too rem>kable a simil>ity 9 ?is to ,campbell's l9es3-- ',tis di/ance l5ds en*antm5t to ! view1 ,& robes ! m\nta9s 9 _! azure hue3 to all[ "o to pass x ov] )\t po9t+ x out4 #acf 8,diog5es "h appe>s 7?\gh1 he gives no intimation ( 8 do+ s17 to be transcrib+ ! reason+s ( "s "o ( ! ,sceptics40 ,fr5* ,transl4 #acg ,t is to say1 ! h>mony betwe5 intellect & ! s5ses w n la/ long4 ,attagas & ,num5ius 7 two notori\s brig&s4 #ach ,t is1 8trifl]10 f 1 to judge2 & 1 nons5sical talk4 #aci ,t is1 flatt]+ = gifts2 f 1 to wag ! tail z a dog1 to c>ess2 & 1 a gift4 #adj ,?is s5t5ce is a rem>k ( ,diog5es himself4 ,!re are sev]al m ( 8 obs]vations 9 p>5!ses z we proce$4 #ada ,?is is ! argum5t 9 its complet$ =m3 8,we c only =m an idea ( an atom by analogy1 & analogy demon/rates to u t x is n ( inf9ite littl5ess4 ,9 fact1 let u comp>e x to ! smalle/ p>ticles recognisable by s5se1 & !n let u endeav\r to =m an idea ( ^! la/4 ,to d ?is we mu/ take a t]m ( comp>ison 9 complex objects1 :i* are compos$ ( v>i\s p>ts4 ,ab/ract+ f ^! all o!r *>act]i/ics b t ( ext5t1 we see t ^! objects h dim5sions1 "s great] & "s less1 measur+ an ext5t :i* is great] or less z ! case may be4 ,! smalle/ s5sible p>ticle w !n h its dim5sions2 x w measure ! smalle/ possible s5sible ext5t1 t is to say1 x w n be inf9itely small4 ,apply+ ?is analogy to an atom1 "o comes to conceive x z measur+ ! smalle/ ext5t possible1 b n z hav+ no ext5t at all1 :i* 0 :at ,epicurus wi%$ to prove40--,fr5* ,translator4 #adb ,?is is a quotation f ,!ognis4 #adc ,f ! ,tra*9i ( ,sophocles1 #aghd4 #add ,!re is "s hopeless corruption 9 ! text "h4 ,nor has any "o succe$$ 9 mak+ x intelligible4 ,! ,fr5* translator divides x into two maxims4 #ade ,!re 9 "s great corruption "h aga94 ,! ,fr5* translator takes #ai1 #bj1 & #ba all z "o4 ,,index4 ,! ,roman num]als ref] to ! sections1 ! ,arabic figures to ! pages4 ,,s*9es1 a rhetorician1 vii4 #hj4 calumniat$1 iii4 #gi4 lectur$ at ,a!ns1 iv4 #hj4 son ( a sausage sell]1 i4 #gi4 ,,alcm,,on1 ,crotona1 8 view ( ! s\l1 #cga4 ,,ana*>sis1 inv5tions (1 ii4 #dh4 lett] to ,crsus1 #di4 receiv$ by ,solon1 iii4 #dg4 return to ,scy?ia1 iv4 #dg4 say+s (1 v4 #dg4 "o ( ! wise1 #df4 ,,anaxagoras1 call$ ,,m9d1 i4 #ei4 epigrams on1 x4 #fb4 fir/ prose writ]1 viii4 #fa4 op9ions (1 iii4 #ei4 prosecut$ = impiety1 ix4 #fa4 ,,anax>*us1 call$ ,,happy1 iii4 #dja4 intimate ) ,alex&]1 #djj4 ,nicocreon1 8 enemy1 #dja4 ,,anaxim&]1 ! a/ronom]1 #eg4 ,,anaxim5es1 lett]s to ,py?agoras1 #eh4 ,annic]eans1 _! op9ions1 x4 #ib4 ,,anti/h5es1 doctr9es (1 v4 #bbj4 f\nds a manly ,/oic s*ool1 viii4 #bba4 love ( life1 x4 #bbc4 pupil ( ,gorgias1 ii4 #bag4 say+s (1 iv4 #bah4 writ+s (1 ix4 #bbb4 ,,arcesilaus1 a fav\rite ( ,eum5es & ,hi]ocles1 xiv4 #afh4 an admir] ( ,plato1 viii4 #afe4 a poet1 iv4 #afd4 axiomatic & free-spok51 x4 #afe4 dea? f excess1 x4 #agj4 dislik$ talkativ5ess1 #aff4 f\nd] ( ! ,middle ,academy1 ii4 #afc4 goes to ,crantor1 iii4 #afc4 lett] to ,?aumasias1 xix4 #agj4 lib]al ) money1 xiii4 #afg4 vices (1 xvi4 #afh4 ,,ar*elaus1 #fb4 a natural philosoph]1 ii4 #fb4 op9ions on heat & cold1 c4 iii4 #fc4 ---- production ( animals1 iii4 #fc4 ,,ar*ytas1 g5]al at ,t>5tum1 #cfi4 lett] to ,plato & reply1 iv4 #cfi4 ma!matician1 vii4 #cgj4 ,,ari/ippus1 a fav\rite ( ,dionysius1 iii4 #ha4 op9ions (1 on pa9 & pleasure1 #ij4 retorts1 iv4 #hb4 s*ool ( philosophy1 viii4 #hi4 sycophancy1 iv4 #hb4 tea*es = money1 ii4 #ha4 weal?1 iv4 #hb4 writ+s1 vi4 #hh4 ,,ari/on1 ! bald1 call$ ,,sir51 i4 #cah4 an eloqu5t philosoph]1 vi4 #cai4 8 writ+s1 vii4 #cai4 ,,ari/otle1 apoph!gms1 xi4 #ahg4 dea? f poison1 vii4 #ahb4 hymn to ,h]mias1 #ahc4 leaves ,plato1 iv4 #aha4 liv$ 9 ,philip's c\rt1 vi4 #ahb4 op9ions1 crit]ion ( tru?1 #aib4 ---- fri5d%ip1 #aib4 ---- ,god1 #aic4 ---- philosophy1 #aia4 ,plato's mo/ em95t pupil1 ii4 #aha4 p]ipatetic1 :y s call$1 iv4 #aha4 s*eme = e>ly wak+1 x4 #ahf4 s*ool at ,a!ns1 vii4 #ahb4 w (1 ix4 #ahe4 writ+s1 _m1 xii4 #ahi4 ,,bias1 ! wise1 #ch4 decl9es ! tripod1 i4 #ch4 dea? (1 9 c\rt1 iv4 #ci4 eloqu5t & j z a lawy]1 iii4 #ci4 a poet1 v4 #ci4 say+s (1 v4 #ci4 /ratagem to save ,pri5e1 8 native city1 ii4 #ci4 ,,bion1 apoph!gms (1 iii4 #agb4 *ange ( s*ools1 iv4 #agc4 fe> ( dea?1 x4 #age4 fond ( !atre1 v4 #agd4 pov]ty (1 i4 #aga4 selfi%ness (1 ix4 #agd4 ,,c>neades1 8 lett]s1 viii4 #agh4 well read 9 ,/oic lore1 ii4 #agg4 indu/ry (1 iii4 #agh4 8 fe> ( dea?1 vii4 #agh4 ,,cebes1 ! ,!ban1 #aje4 ,,*>ondas1 acc\nt (1 note1 #cde4 ,,*ilo1 ! wise "o (1 #cb4 brief 9 spee*1 v4 #cd4 dea? (1 ?r\gh joy1 v4 #cd4 lett] to ,p]i&]1 v4 #cd4 op9ion z to ,cy!ra1 iv4 #cc4 say+ ab\t surety%ip1 v4 #cd4 say+s (1 ii4 #cc4 ,,*rysippus1 8 abilities1 ii4 #cbg4 8 books1 xii4 #cca4 8 indu/ry1 iii4 #cbh4 8 que/ions1 xi4 #ccj4 a pupil ( ,clean!s1 i4 #cbg4 8 self-e/eem1 iv4 #cbi4 said to be an indec5t writ]1 xii4 #cca4 ,,clean!s1 a box]1 #cbb4 books (1 ii4 #cbe4 call$ an ass1 iv4 #cbc4 poor & indu/ri\s1 ii4 #cbb4 sl[ ( intellect1 iii4 #cbc4 />v$ himself1 vii4 #cbf4 wrote on oy/] %ells1 c4 = want ( pap]1 iv4 #cbc4 ,,cleobulus1 "o ( ! wise m51 #da4 apoph!gms (1 iv4 #db4 lett] to ,solon1 vi4 #dc4 ,,clitoma*us1 disciple & successor ( ,c>neades1 #agi4 ,,crantor1 a poet1 vi4 #afb4 a pupil ( ,polemo1 iii4 #afa4 retires to temple ( sculapius1 iv4 #afa4 ,,crates1 a pupil ( ,polemo1 #afj4 liv$ ) ,crantor1 iii4 #afj4 writ+s (1 & disciples1 iv4 #afa4 ,,crates1 a ,!ban cynic1 #bdi4 8 disposal ( prop]ty1 iv4 #bej4 8 je/+ ) dea?1 x4 #beb4 8 indiff]5ce to public op9ion1 viii4 #beb4 8 say+s1 ix4 #bhb4 ,,crito1 ! ,a!nian1 #ajc4 ,cynics1 doctr9es (1 iii4 #beg4 disc>d lib]al /udies1 #beg4 pref] e?ics to logic1 #beg4 simplicity 9 liv+1 #beh4 virtue1 ! *ief good1 #beh4 ---- may be taught1 #beh4 ,cyr5aics1 a sect ( ! s*ool ( ,ari/ippus1 viii4 #hi4 ,,demetrius1 gov]nor ( ,a!ns1 ii4 #bji4 hon\r$ & envi$1 viii4 #bji4 8 report$ bl9dness & re/oration ( sight1 vii4 #bji4 /atues erect$ to him1 ii4 #bji4 say+s (1 x4 #baa4 writ+s (1 ix4 #baj4 ,,democritus1 pupil ( ! magi1 #cij4 dea?1 xi4 #cij4 disreg>d ( glory1 v4 #cia4 ---- ( weal?1 vii4 #cib4 doctr9es (1 xii4 #cid4 l[ly life1 vii4 #cib4 ,plato's dislike ( him1 viii4 #cic4 sagacity1 /ories (1 x4 #cid4 writ+s (1 xiii4 #cie4 ,dialectics1 ! ,/oics' doctr9e (1 xxxv4 #bge4 ,,diog5es1 acc\nts ( 8 dea?1 xi4 #bdf4 anecdotes ( him1 vi4 #bbh4 cynical say+s1 #bbf4 liv$ 9 a cask1 #bbe4 money *ang]1 #bbd4 ---- corrupt$ by him1 i4 #bbd4 neglect ( music1 vii4 #bde4 p]suad]1 a skilful1 x4 #bde4 pov]ty (1 reconcil$ to1 iii4 #bbd4 pride & haught9ess (1 iv4 #bbe4 pupil ( ,anti/h5es1 ii4 #bbd4 sold z a slave1 ix4 #bde4 writ+s (1 xii4 #bdg4 ,,diog5es ( ,apollonia1 #djj4 8 *ief doctr9es1 ii4 #djj4 ,,dionysius1 a pupil ( ,z5o1 #cba4 writ+s (1 v4 #cba4 ,druids1 acc\nt (1 note #c4 ,egyptian philosophy1 vii4 #i4 ,,emp$ocles1 accus$ ( pride1 xi4 #cff4 doctr9es (1 xii4 #cfh4 inv5tor ( rhetoric1 iii4 #cfa4 lib]ality (1 ix4 #cfc4 pacifies ! ,agrig5t9es1 xi4 #cff4 political c>e]1 ix4 #cfc4 retires to ,peloponnesus1 x4 #cfd4 /ory ( 8 wond] work+1 xi4 #cfe4 :y call$1 w9d-=bidd]1 v4 #cfb4 ,,epi*>mus1 inscription on 8 /atue1 #cfh4 ,,epicurus1 an ,a!nian1 #dbd4 8 "*1 v4 #dbg4 crit]ia ( tru?1 #dce4 said to be debau*$1 iii4 #dbf4 reject$ dialectics1 #dce4 ,diotimus1 a ,/oic1 opposes him1 iii4 #dbe4 doctr9es1 81 on affections1 #ddg4 ---- atoms1 #dci4 ---- cl\ds1 ?und]1 c4 #dfj4 ---- comets1 #dfd4 ---- faults among m51 #dfg4 ---- =ms & attributes1 #ddi4 ---- grief1 #dfg4 ---- heav5's ph5om5a1 #deb1 #deh4 ---- injuries among m51 #dff4 ---- meteorological1 #dfa4 ---- op9ion & supposition1 #dcf4 ---- passions1 pleasure1 & pa91 #dcf4 ---- pleasure1 #dga1 #dgc4 ---- production ( ?+s1 #dda4 ---- self-production1 #dea4 ---- />s1 #dfd4 ---- /udy ( philosophy1 #dfh4 ---- univ]se1 #dci4 flatt]$ ,mi?ras1 iii4 #dbe4 fundam5tal maxims (1 xxxi4 #dgd4 lett] (1 to ,h]odotus1 xxiv4 #dcf4 ---- ,m5ceus1 xxvii4 #dfh4 ---- ,py?ocles1 xxv4 #dee4 mann] ( 8 dea?1 ix4 #dbi4 pla9 language1 81 viii4 #dbh4 pupils1 81 xi4 #dca4 virtue1 :y to be *os51 xxx4 #dgc4 volum9\s writ+s1 xvii4 #dhc4 w1 8 la/1 x4 #dbi4 writ+s on natural philosophy1 iv4 #dbf4 y\?ful /ud5t1 a1 ix4 #dbi4 ,,epim5ides1 "o ( ! wise m51 #ej4 built a temple at ,a!ns1 vi4 #eb4 hon\r$ z a deity1 xi4 #ec4 lett] to ,solon1 ix4 #eb4 long life1 81 /ory (1 iv4 #ea4 long sleep1 81 /ory (1 ii4 #ej4 poems1 & o!r writ+s1 v4 #ea4 /ays ! plague at ,a!ns1 iii4 #ea4 ,e?ical philosophy1 :at1 xiii4 #ab4 subdivisions1 xiii4 #ab4 ,,euclides1 8 foll[]s1 iv4 #ig4 op9ions1 ii4 #ig4 protector ( ,socrates1 i4 #ig4 ,,eudoxus1 a/ronom]1 geometrician1 & lawgiv]1 #cgc4 inv5tor ( !ory ( crook$ l9es1 vi4 #cgd4 writ+s (1 iii4 #cgc4 ,fate1 ,/oics' view (1 lxxiv4 #cah4 ,gymnosophi/1 :at & :o1 i4 #c4 ,,god1 ,/oics' view (1 lxxii4 #cab4 ,hegesiaci1 a sect ( ! s*ool ( ,ari/ippus1 _! op9ions1 ix4 #ia4 ,,h]aclides1 a ,p]ipatetic1 ,py?agorean1 & ,platoni/1 by turns1 ii4 #bac4 rem>kable attempt to deceive at 8 dea?1 ii4 #bae4 surnam$ ,pompicus f 8 dress & size1 iii4 #bac4 writ+s (1 iv4 #bac4 ,,h]aclitus1 book on nature1 v4 #cgg4 epigrams on him1 xii4 #cha4 e/eem$ by ,d>ius ,hy/aspes1 lett]s betwe5 !m1 ix4 #chj4 l(ty & arrogant1 #cgf4 misan?ropic1 iii4 #cgf4 ,,hipp>*ia1 a female philosoph]1 9 love ) ,crates ! ,cynic1 #bed4 ,h] conte/ ) ,!odorus1 iii4 #bee4 ,,hippasus1 a disciple ( ,py?agoras1 #cga4 ,ionian s*ool ( philosophy1 x4 #aj4 ,italian s*ool ( philosophy1 x4 #aj4 8,"k ?yself10 ! apoph!gm1 xiii4 #ba4 ,,lacydes1 f\nd] ( ! ,new ,academy1 i4 #agf4 8 dea? f excess1 vi4 #agg4 8 indu/ry1 ii4 #agf4 ,,leucippus1 8 *ief doctr9es1 ii4 #chh4 pupil ( ,z5o ! ,eleatic1 #chh4 ,,lycon1 an eloqu5t in/ructor ( y\?1 i4 #bje4 delicacy 9 dress1 iii4 #bjf4 fav\rite ( ,eum5es & ,attalus1 iv4 #bjf4 8 w1 ix4 #bjf4 ,magi1 :at & :o1 note1 #c4 ,,melissus1 8 doctr9e ( univ]se1 #chf4 ,,m5$emus1 8 banquets1 xv4 #aaj4 8 "*1 vi4 #ajg4 8 dea?1 xviii4 #aab4 despis$ ,plato1 c41 xi4 #aji4 disciple ( ,phd1 #aje4 endang]$ by 8 free spee*1 iv4 #ajg4 fri5d ( ,antigonus1 xvii4 #aaa4 inv5tion & read9ess1 xii4 #aji4 reg>dlessness ( appe>ances1 v4 #ajg4 sev]e & rigid1 iii4 #ajf4 s5t to ,meg>a1 b des]ts1 ii4 #aje4 ?\ght highly ( by 8 c\ntrym51 xvi4 #aaa4 ,,m5$emus1 a sup]/iti\s ,cynic1 #bfg4 ,,m5ippus1 a ,cynic1 #bec4 hangs himself1 iii4 #bef4 writ] ( l[ ridicule1 ii4 #bef4 writ+s1 vi4 #bef4 ,,metrocles1 pupil ( ,crates ! ,cynic1 #bec4 de/roys himself1 #bed4 ,m9d1 ,/oics1 doctr9e (1 lxxiii4 #bii4 ,,monimus1 feign$ madness1 i4 #bdh4 a pupil ( ,diog5es1 #bdh4 ,,myson1 "o ( ! wise m51 #di4 ,natural philosophy1 :at s call$1 xiii4 #aa4 ,/oics' acc\nt (1 lxvii4 #cjg4 ,,orpheus1 n a philosoph]1 iv4 #g4 ,,onesicritus1 a pupil ( ,diog5es1 #bdi4 ,,p>m5ides1 fir/ to speak ( ! e>? z a sph]e1 ii4 #chd4 philosophiz$ 9 poems1 iii4 #che4 ,,p]i&]1 "o ( ! wise m51 8 dome/ic crimes1 #dc4 8 lett] to ,procles1 viii4 #df4 ---- to ! wise m51 vii4 #de4 ---- f ,?rasybulus1 ix4 #df4 say+s (1 v4 #de4 wi% to conceal 8 grave1 iii4 #dd4 ,,ph,,d1 f\nd] ( ! ,eliac s*ool1 #if4 ,,ph]ecydes1 "o ( ! wise m51 #ec4 epigrams on1 vii4 #ee4 fir/ writ] on natural philosophy1 ii4 #ed4 grave (1 at ,ephesus1 iv4 #ed4 lett] to ,?ales1 viii4 #ef4 makes a sun-dial1 vi4 #ee4 ,,philolaus1 a pupil ( ,py?agoras1 #cgb4 aims at regal p[]1 ii4 #cgb4 book1 8 "o1 iv4 #cgb4 fir/ to describe ! e>?'s movem5t 9 a circle1 iii4 #cgb4 ,philosoph]s1 names ( _! sects1 xii4 #aa4 :o did n write1 xi4 #aa4 ,philosophy1 arose among ,greeks1 iii4 #f4 divisions (1 xiii4 #aa4 e>lie/ /udy (1 i4 #c4 two s*ools (1 x4 #aj4 v>i\s k9ds (1 xi4 #aa4 ,,pisi/ratus1 8 lett] to ,solon1 vi4 #bj4 ,,pittacus1 "o ( ! wise m51 #ce4 advice ab\t m>ry+1 viii4 #cg4 dea? 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