,illu/ration3 ,plate #a4--;,a ,bran* ( ,c(fea ,arabica1 ) ,b]ries & ,fl[]s4 ,,c(fee ,,& ,,*icory3 ,,_! ,,culture1 ,,*emical ,,composition1 ,,prep>ation ,,= ,,m>ket1 ,,& ,,consumption1 ,,) ,,simple ,,te/s ,,= ,,detect+ ,,adult]ation1 ,,& ,,practical ,,h9ts ,,= ,,! ,,produc] ,,& ,,consum]4 ,,by ,p4 ,l4 ,,simmonds1 ,,au?or ,,( 8,,! ,,comm]cial ,,products ,,( ,,! ,,vegetable ,,k+dom10 8,a ,,diction>y ,,( ,,trade ,,products10 c4 ,,) ,,num]\s ,,illu/rations4 ,illu/ration ,,london3 ,e4 ,f4 ,n4 ,,spon1 #af1 ,,buckl]sbury4 #ahfd4 ,,preface4 ,a practical essay on ! culture & prep>ation ( c(fee = m>ket 9 ! v>i\s produc+ c\ntries ( ! _w1 br\ght d[n to ! pres5t "t1 has long be5 want$1 especially z ! s\rces ( supply h *ang$ s mu* ( late ye>s4 ,port]'s 8,tropical ,agriculturi/0 has long be5 out ( pr9t1 & my own "w on 8,! ,comm]cial ,products ( ! ,vegetable ,k+dom0 is too exp5sive & too diffuse = ord9>y ref]5ce4 ,! pres5t h&-book deals ) ! subject 9 a popul> =m1 b1 at ! same "t1 supplies correct in=mation on mo/ po9ts1 comb9$ ) ! fulle/ descriptive & /ati/ical details respect+ e c(fee-produc+ c\ntry4 ,= mu* ( ! in=mation relat+ to c(fee cultivation 9 ,ceylon1 ,i am indebt$ to a small treatise by ,mr4 ,g4 ,c4 ,lewis1 privately publi%$ 9 t isl&4 ,= ! views ( build+s & sc5]y1 ,i am "u obligations to ,sir ,em]son ,t5n5t & ,messrs4 ,worms1 :o k9dly l5t me orig9al draw+s & photographs--:il/ ! microscopic repres5tations ( pure & adult]at$ c(fee & *icory are copi$1 by p]mission1 f ,dr4 ,hassall's elaborate "w on 8,food & its ,adult]ations40 ,tru/+ t ?is little "w may be f\nd useful & int]e/+ to a l>ge class1 ,i s5d x =? z ! pione] ( o!r h&-books on ! great /aples ( comm]ce4 ,p4 ,l4 ,s4 #h1 ,w9*e/]-/reet1 ,s4,w41 ,july1 #ahfd4 ,,cont5ts4 ,,c(fee4 ,,section ,i4 ,,page ,,botanical ,,description ,,( ,,! ,,c(fee-,,tree 7) two illu/rations7 #a ,,section ,,ii4 ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,its ,,introduction ,,& ,,di/ribution #f ,,section ,,iii4 ,,production ,,& ,,supply #ab ,,section ,,iv4 ,,comm]cial ,,v>ieties ,,( ,,c(fee #ae ,,section ,v4 ,,*emical ,,analyses #bj ,,section ,,vi4 ,,c(fee-,,leaf ,,tea1 ,c4 #bg ,,section ,,vii4 ,,adult]ants 7) an illu/ration7 #bi ,,section ,,viii4 ,,culture ,,9 ,,! ,,we/ ,,indies ,,& ,,am]ica #cd ,,section ,,ix4 ,,culture ,,9 ,,arabia #db ,,section ,x4 ,,cultivation ,,9 ,,ceylon 7) an illu/ration7 #de ,,section ,,xi4 ,,build+s1 ,,plant+1 ,c41 ,,9 ,,ceylon 7) f\r illu/rations7 #eb ,,section ,,xii4 ,,h>ve/+ ,,! ,,crop1 ,,& ,,prep>ation ,,= ,,m>ket 7) an illu/ration7 #ei ,,section ,,xiii4 ,,prep>ation ,,= ,,m>ket1 ,,cont9u$ #fc ,,section ,,xiv4 ,,cultivation ,,9 ,,s\!rn ,,india #gc ,,section ,,xv4 ,,b\rbon1 ,,java1 ,,& ,,! ,,ea/ #gh ,,section ,,xvi4 ,,c(fee ,,z ,a ,,bev]age #ha ,,*icory4 ,,section ,i4 ,,introduction ,,into ,,engl&4 ,,cont95tal ,,production ,,& ,,consumption #hh ,,section ,,ii4 ,,cultivation4 ,,h>ve/+ ,,& ,,prep>ation ,,= ,,m>ket #ic ,,section ,,iii4 ,,/ructure ,,& ,,*emical ,,composition 7) an illu/ration7 #ih ,,c(fee ,,& ,,*icory4 ,,c(fee4 ,,section ,i4 ,,botanical ,,description4 ,! c(fee-tree--,c(fea arabica1 ,l9n4--is a plant belong+ to ! natural ord] ,c9*onace4 ,x is a l>ge erect bu%1 q smoo? 9 e "p2 leaves oblong lanceolate1 acum9ate1 %9+ on ! upp] side1 wavy1 deep gre5 above1 pal] bel[2 /ipules subulate1 undivid$4 ,p$uncles axill>y1 %ort1 clu/]$2 corollas :ite1 funnel-%ap$1 sweet-sc5t$1 ) f\r or five oblong-spread+ twi/$ lobes4 ,fruit a compress$ drupe1 furr[$ along ! side1 cr[n$ by ! calyx4 ,se$s solit>y1 plano-convex1 ) a deep furr[ along ! flat side4 ,putam5 l p>*m5t4 ,! g5]ic "n giv5 to ! plant by ,l9nu 0 tak51 x is said1 f ,c(fee1 a prov9ce ( ,n>ea1 9 ,africa :]e x gr[s 9 abundance4 ,plate #a repres5ts a bran* ( ! c(fee-tree 9 blossom & fruit1 & ! lett]$ figures at ! foot h ref]5ce to ! dissection ( ! fl[] & fruit4 ,a--,! fl[]1 cut op51 to %[ ! situation ( ! five filam5ts1 ) _! summits ly+ ^u !m4 ,b--,repres5ts ! fl[] cup1 ) its f\r small ind5tations enclos+ ! g]m or embryo se$-vessel1 f ! middle ( :i* arises ! /yle1 t]m9at$ by ! two reflex$ spongy tops4 ,c--,! fruit entire1 m>k$ at ! top ) a puncture l a navel4 ,d--,! fruit op51 to %[ t x consi/s ord9>ily ( two se$s1 :i* are surr\nd$ by ! pulp4 ,e--,! fruit cut horizontally1 to %[ ! se$s z !y are plac$ erect1 ) _! flat sides1 toge!r4 ,f--,"o ( ! se$s tak5 out1 ) ! membrane or p>*m5t ^u x4 ,g--,! same ) ! p>*m5t torn op51 to give a view ( ! se$4 ,h--,! se$ )\t ! p>*m5t4 ,l9dley & ,paxton only enum]ate two species3 ,c4 arabica1 native ( ,yem51 & ,c4 paniculata1 indig5\s to ,guiana4 ,cont95tal botani/s1 h[ev]1 describe no less ?an eight o!r species3 f\r inhabit+ ,p]u1 ,c4 microc>pa1 ,c4 umbellata1 ,c4 acum9ata1 & ,c4 subsessilis2 two indig5\s to ! ,we/ ,coa/ ( ,africa1 ,c4 laur9a & ,c4 racemosa2 & two natives ( ! ,ea/ ,indies1 ,c4 b5gal5sis & ,c4 ,indica4 ,"s ( ^! are probably m]e v>ieties4 ,:atev] its orig9 may h be51 !re c be no d\bt t !re are ?ree k9ds or species n[ gr[n1 diff]+ mat]ially f ea* o!r4 ,! ,arabian or ,mo*a c(fee is *>act]is$ by hav+ a small & m brittle leaf1 ) bran*es %ort]1 & m upright ?an ! ,jamaica & ,ceylon c(fee2 & by its b]ry be+ almo/ always1 or at lea/ v frequ5tly1 s+le se$$1 & ! se$ cyl9drical & plump4 ,! ,jamaica c(fee-tree has a l>g] & m pliable leaf1 long] & m droop+ bran*es1 & b]ries almo/ always conta9+ two se$s4 7,! ,e?iopian47 ,! great diff]5ce n[ exi/+ betwe5 ! two k9ds1 may possibly h orig9at$ 9 ! *ange ( soil1 climate1 & season1 op]at+ ?r\gh a s]ies ( ye>s2 b ?is diff]5ce is s decid$1 & s /rongly m>k$1 t ! v]ie/ tyro c 9 a mom5t pron\nce ( ei!r4 ,! ,ea/ ,india or ,b5gal c(fee-tree diff]s mu* f all o!rs1 b is 9 e respect a v]itable c(fee4 ,! leaf is small]1 & light] gre51 ?an ! =ego+ v>iety2 its b]ry is inf9itely small]1 & :5 rip5+1 turns black in/ead ( blood-r$4 ,c(fee made f x is ( excell5t flav\r1 & mu* lik$4 ,)9 ! tropics1 c(fee ?rives be/ at an elevation ( #abjj to #cjjj feet1 & r>ely gr[s above #fjjj feet4 ,x may be cultivat$ z f> z #cf nor? latitude1 :]e ! mean temp]ature is ab\t #gj4 ,9 ! we/]n hemisph]e c(fee is gr[n 9 _m ( ! ,we/ ,india ,isl&s1 9 ,c5tral ,am]ica1 ! nor!rn republics ( ,s\? ,am]ica1 ,b]bice1 ,cay5ne1 & ,brazil4 ,9 ,africa x is gr[n 9 ,lib]ia & o!r p>ts ( ,we/]n ,africa1 at ,/4 ,hel5a1 9 ,egypt1 & ,mozambique1 & a little 9 ,natal4 ,pass+ ea/w>d we f9d x 9 ,arabia1 "o ( ! olde/ seats ( culture1 ! s\!rn p59sula ( ,india1 ,ceylon1 ,b\rbon1 ,java1 ,clbes1 & o!r p>ts ( ! ,ea/]n ,ar*ipelago1 ,siam1 & "s ( ! ,pacific ,isl&s4 ,c(fee-plants are able to be> an am\nt ( cold :i* is little kn[n or ?\ght (4 ,! high & cold regions ( ,jamaica ne> ,/4 ,ca!r9e's ,peak1 & ! foot ( ! ,great ,blue ,m\nta9 ,peak1 bo? situat$ at "s #fjjj feet above ! level ( ! sea2 &1 aga91 ! m\nta9s ( ,arabia1 ! ,neilgh]ries1 & ,ceylon1 furni% in/ances ( ! great degree ( cold t ! c(fee-plant w endure4 ,m ?an ?is1 x is an e/abli%$ fact t x be>s a l>g]1 plump]1 & f> m aromatic b]ry at ^! altitudes ?an 9 a l[] situation & 9 a w>m] temp]ature4 ,! c(fee produc$ on plantations ne> ! foot ( ! ,blue ,m\nta9 ,peak1 9 ,jamaica1 is ! f9e/ 9 ! _w4 ,9 ,arabia1 likewise1 ! cold at night is sometimes int5se2 yet :o w dispute ! goodness ( ,mo*a c(fee8 ,no?+ c exce$ ! beauty ( ! r[s or walks plant$ ) c(fee-trees1 f _! pyramidical %ape & glossy d>k leaves1 among/ :i* are hang+ ! ripe1 sc>let-col\r$ b]ries4 ,a writ]1 9 8 8,impressions ( ! ,we/ ,indies10 ?us speaks3 8,any?+ 9 ! way ( cultivation m beautiful or m fragrant ?an a c(fee-plantation ,i _h n conceiv$1 & (t did ,i say to myself t if ev] ,i became1 f heal? or o!rwise1 a cultivator ( ! soil )9 ! tropics1 ,i w\ld cultivate ! c(fee-plant1 ev5 ?\gh ,i did s irrespective altoge!r ( ! pr(it t might be d]iv$ f s do+4 ,mu* has be5 writt51 & n )\t ju/ice1 ( ! ri* fragrance ( an orange-grove1 & at home we (ttimes he> ( ! sweet od\rs ( a bean-field4 ,i h1 too1 (t5 enjoy$1 9 ! ,c>se ( ,/irl+ & else:]e 9 ,scotl&1 ! balmy breezes z !y swept ov] ! latt]1 p>ticul>ly :5 ! sun _h bur/ out ) unusual /r5g? aft] a %[] ( ra94 ,i h likewise 9 ,m>t9ique1 ,santa ,cruz1 ,jamaica1 & ,cuba1 inhal$ ! breezes waft$ f ! orang]ies1 b n = a mom5t w\ld ,i comp>e ei!r ) ! exquisite aromatic od\rs f a c(fee-plantation 9 full bloom1 :5 ! hill-side--cov]$ ov] ) regul> r[s ( ! %rubs1 ) _! millions ( jasm9e-l fl[]s--%[]s d[n ^u y z y ride up betwe5 ! plants a p]fume ,illu/ration3 ,plate #b4--;,a ,c(fee ,plantation 9 ,jamaica4 ( ! mo/ delicately delici\s description4 ',tis wor? go+ to ! ,we/ ,indies to see ! sight & inhale ! p]fume40 ,plate #b repres5ts a c(fee plantation 9 ,jamaica4 ,9 ! culture ( ! tree !re is a s+ul> diff]5ce 9 ! we/]n & ea/]n hemisph]es1 inasmu* z 9 ! =m] %ade is consid]$ injuri\s1 :il/ 9 ! latt] x is held to be desirable1 if n absolutely necess>y4 ,,section ,,ii4 ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,its ,,introduction ,,& ,,di/ribution4 ,c(fee1 al?\gh tak+ its common & specific names f ,arabia1 is n a native plant ( t c\ntry1 b ( ,abyss9ia1 :]e x is f\nd bo? 9 ! wild & cultivat$ /ate4 ,f t c\ntry x 0 br\ght to ,arabia1 9 comp>atively v rec5t times4 ,mr4 ,lane /ates t x 0 fir/ us$ !re ab\t ! ye> #adej4 ,x 0 n kn[n to ! ,arabs1 !re=e1 = m ?an eight hundr$ ye>s aft] ! "t ( ,mahom$1 & 0 introduc$ only betwe5 =ty & fifty ye>s be=e ! discov]y ( ,am]ica4 ,! ,arabians call$ c(fee khwh1 :i* is an old ^w 9 _! language = w9e4 ,! unlucky ^w gave rise to a dispute ab\t ! legality ( its use among ! ,mahom$an doctors1 :o1 mi/ak+ ! ^w = ! ?+ x repres5t$1 d5\nc$ z a n>cotic t :i* 0 anti-n>cotic4 ,!y 7 beat51 & c(fee has ev] s9ce become a legitimate & fav\rite potable ( ! ,arabs4 ,9 a c5tury its use spread to ,egypt & o!r p>ts ( ! ,turki% empire4 ,= two c5turies f its introduction into ,arabia1 ! use ( c(fee seems to h be5 conf9$ to ! ,mahom$an nations ( ,we/]n ,asia2 &1 consid]+ its rapid spread & popul>ity among ! ,european nations1 x is rem>kable t x has n1 l tobacco1 ext5d$ to ! ,h9dus1 ! ,h9du-,*9ese1 ! ,japanese1 or ! tribes ( ! ,indian ,ar*ipelago1 :o no m use x ?an ! ,europeans d ! betel prep>ation4 ,! high price ( c(fee & ! l[ co/ ( tobacco1 mo/ likely af=d ! true solution ( ! diff]5ce4 ,"o /rik+ result ( ! use ( c(fee fir/1 & !n ( tobacco1 among ! ,mahom$an nations is well des]v+ ( notice4 ,^! commodities h be5 9 a great measure sub/itut$ = w9e & spirits1 :i* _h be5 l>gely1 al?\gh cl&e/9ely1 us$ be=e1 & h5ce a great improvem5t 9 ! sobriety ( ,arabs1 ,p]sians1 & ,turks4 ,i give ?is int]e/+ fact on ! au?ority ( ,mr4 ,lane1 :o m5tions x 9 ! notes to 8 translation ( ! ,arabian ,nights4#a ,f ,turkey c(fee f\nd its way to ,europe4 ,x came 9 use 9 ,engl& be=e ei!r tea or *ocolate4 ,a ,turkey m]*ant ( ,london1 ( ! "n ( ,edw>ds1 is said to h br\ght ! fir/ bag ( c(fee to ,engl&1 & 8 ,greek s]vant to h made ! fir/ di% ( ,engli% c(fee ab\t #afeb4 ,b x is /at$ 9 ! ,life ( ,wood1 ! antiqu>y1 t 89 #afea1 "o ,jacob1 a ,jew1 op5$ a c(fee-h\se at ! ,angel1 9 ! p>i% ( ,/4 ,pet]-9-!-,ea/1 ,oxon2 & !re x 01 by "s :o delight$ 9 noveltie1 drunk4 ,:5 he left ,oxon1 he sold x 9 ,old ,s\?ampton-build+s1 9 ,holborne1 ne> ,london1 & 0 liv+ !re 9 #afga40 ,c(fee-h\ses 7 soon aft] op5$ 9 v>i\s p>ts ( ! metropolis1 z also 9 o!r p>ts ( ! k+dom1 = v5d+ x4 ,! excise (fic]s visit$ ! c(fee-h\ses at fix$ p]iods1 & took an acc\nt ( ! numb] ( gallons ( ! liquid t 7 made1 ^u :i* a duty ( #d;d4 p] gallon 0 *>g$ until #afhi4 ,?ree ye>s aft] ! fir/ introduction ( c(fee ^u ! /atute books1 ! increase ( h\ses = its sale _h become s great1 t by ! ,act pass$ 9 #affc1 8,= ! bett] ord]+ & collect+ ! duty ( excise1 & prev5t+ ! abuses !re90 7#ae ,*as4 ,,ii41 cap4 #aa1 sect4 #ae71 express provision is made = ! lic5s+ ( all c(fee-h\ses at ! qu>t] sessions1 "u a p5alty ( #el4 = e mon? dur+ :i* any p]son %\ld retail c(fee1 *ocolate1 or tea1 )\t hav+ fir/ procur$ su* lic5se f ! magi/rates4 ,f t "t to ! revolution1 c(fee-h\ses multipli$ s rapidly t1 :5 ,ray publi%$ 8 8,hi/ory ( ,plants0 9 #afhh1 he e/imat$ t ! c(fee-h\ses 9 ,london 7 at t "t z num]\s z 9 ,cairo itself2 :il/ simil> places ( accommodation 7 to be met ) 9 all ! pr9cipal cities & t[ns 9 ,engl&4 ,!re are n[ 9 ,london alone m ?an #aejj c(fee-h\ses1 besides confection]s' %ops1 & o!r places :]e c(fee is v5d$4 ,= half a c5tury at lea/ ,arabia furni%$ all ! c(fee t ,europe consum$1 :i*1 !re=e1 mu/ h be5 v trifl+4 ,x 01 9 fact1 long ! luxury ( a few fa%ionable p1 ) :om1 h[ev]1 x mu/ h be5 9 g5]al use sixty ye>s aft] its introduction1 z we f9d f ! well-kn[n passage ( ! 8,rape ( ! ,lock10 publi%$ 9 #agab1 9 :i* politicians are describ$ z see+ ?r\gh x 8) half-%ut eyes40 ,le ,gr& d',aussy1 9 8 8,vie ,prive des ,franais10 gives a curi\s & int]e/+ acc\nt ( ! fir/ introduction ( ! use ( c(fee 9 ,france4 ,z e>ly z #afeh "s m]*ants ( ,m>seilles introduc$ ! use ( c(fee into t city1 & ,?v5ot1 aft] 8 return f 8 ,ea/]n travels1 ab\t ! ye> #afeh1 regal$ 8 gue/s ) c(fee aft] d9n]4 8,?is1 h[ev]10 says ,le ,gr&1 80 b ! ecc5tricity ( a travell]1 :i* w\ld n come into fa%ion among su* a p z ! ,p>isians4 ,to br+ c(fee into cr$it1 "s extraord9>y & /rik+ circum/ance 0 necess>y4 ,?is circum/ance occurr$ on ! arrival1 9 #affi1 ( an embassy f ! ,gr& ,seigneur ,mahomet ,,iv4 to ,l\is ,,xiv4 ,soliman ,aga1 *ief ( ! mission1 hav+ pass$ six mon?s 9 ! capital1 & dur+ 8 /ay hav+ acquir$ ! fri5d%ip ( ! ,p>isians by "s traits ( wit & gallantry1 sev]al p]sons ( di/9ction1 *iefly wom51 _h ! curiosity to visit him at 8 h\se4 ,! mann] 9 :i* he receiv$ !m n only inspir$ a wi% to r5ew ! visit1 b induc$ o!rs to foll[ _! example4 ,he caus$ c(fee to be s]v$ to 8 gue/s1 accord+ to ! cu/om ( 8 c\ntry2 = s9ce fa%ion _h introduc$ ! cu/om ( s]v+ ?is bev]age among ! ,turks1 civility dem&$ t x %\ld be (f]$ to visitors1 z well z t ^? %\ld n decl9e p>tak+ ( x4 ,if a ,fr5*man1 9 a simil> case1 to please ! ladies1 _h pres5t$ to !m ?is black & bitt] liquor1 he w\ld be r5d]$ = ev] ridicul\s4 ,b ! bev]age 0 s]v$ by a ,turk--a gallant ,turk--& ?is 0 suffici5t to give x ine/imable value4 ,besides1 be=e ! palate c\ld judge1 ! eyes 7 s$uc$ by ! display ( elegance & neatness :i* accompani$ x1 by ^? brilliant porcela9 cups into :i* x 0 p\r$1 by napk9s ) gold fr+es1 on :i* x 0 s]v$ to ! ladies2 add to ?is ! furniture1 ! dresses1 & ! =eign cu/oms1 ! /rang5ess ( address+ ! ho/ ?r\gh ! int]pret]1 be+ seat$ on ! gr\nd1 on tiles1 c41 & y w all[ t !re 0 m ?an en\gh to turn ! heads ( ,fr5* wom54 ,leav+ ! hotel ( ! ambassador ) an en?usiasm easily imag9$1 !y ha/5$ to _! acqua9tances1 to speak ( ! c(fee ( :i* !y _h p>tak52 & ,heav5 only kn[s to :at a degree !y 7 excit$40 ,! extravagant price ( c(fee1 not)/&+ t ! fa%ion ( dr9k+ x 0 e/abli%$1 prev5t$ x f com+ into g5]al use4 ,x 0 only to be _h1 accord+ to ,le ,gr&1 at ,m>seilles1 & ev5 !re n 9 any quantity4 ,labat1 quot$ by him1 /ates t ! price at ?is "t 0 ! enorm\s "o ( =ty cr[ns a p\nd4 ,9 #afgb1 an ,arm5ian op5$ 9 ,p>is ! fir/ c(fee-h\se1 on ! plan ( ^? he _h se5 at ,con/ant9ople4 ,pascal 0 foll[$ by a cr[d ( imitators1 ^: numb]s became s great 9 #afgf1 t x 0 f\nd necess>y to =m !m into a society by /atute4 ,z to ! ,european names ( c(fee1 !y are all1 obs]ves ,mr4 ,crawfurd1 f ! same s\rce1 ! old ,arabic ^w = w9e1 khwh1 :i* is compos$ ( a v guttural k1 unpron\nceable by ,europeans1 except by an awkw>d ef=t1 ( ! labial w1 & ( two %ort v[els 1 ) an aspirate at ! end ( ea* syllable4 ,! ,turks h *ang$ ! labial w into v1 & ! ,european nations1 :o took ! ^w directly f !m1 h corrupt$ ! ^w by conv]t+ ! labial v into ! labial f1 by sub/itut+ an ord9>y k or h>d c = ! ,arabic guttural1 by omitt+ bo? ! aspirates1 & by conv]t+ ! la/ %ort into 1 or z ) ourselves1 always ! greate/ corruptors ( or?ography1 *ang+ bo? ! v[els4 ,! ,mahom$ans di/+ui% ?ree k9ds ( khwh--w9e1 or any?+ t inebriates2 ! extract f ! pulp :i* conta9s ! c(fee-b]ry2 & t f ! b]ry itself4 ,! deep br[n col\r ( ! liquor occasion$ its be+ call$ ! syrup ( ! ,indian mulb]ry1 "u :i* speci\s "n x fir/ became fa%ionable 9 ,europe2 & "s :o import$ ! pulp call$ x ! 8fl[] ( ! c(fee-tree10 b x fail$ 9 use4 ,c(fee is us$ 9 va/ quantities by ! ,turks & ,arabians1 & ) peculi> propriety1 z x c\nt]acts ! n>cotic effects ( opium1 to ! use ( :i* !y are s mu* addict$4 ,! hi/ory ( ! cultivation ( c(fee by ,european nations 9 _! colonies is s+ul>4 ,! old ,dut* ,ea/ ,india ,company c>ri$ on "s traffic ) ! ,arabian ports 9 ! ,r$ ,sea2 & ab\t ! ye> #afij1 ! ,dut* ,gov]nor-,g5]al ( ,india1 ,van ,hoorne1 caus$ "s ripe c(fee-se$s to be br\ght to ,java2 !y 7 plant$1 grew1 & produc$ fruit4 ,he s5t a s+le plant home f4 ,batavia to ,ni*olas ,wits51 ! ,gov]nor ( ! ,ea/ ,india ,company1 :i* arriv$ safe1 0 plant$ 9 ! ,botanic ,g>d5s ( ,am/]dam1 :]e x prosp]$1 produc$ fruit1 & ! fruit "y plants4 ,f ! ,am/]dam g>d5 plants 7 s5t to ! ,dut* colony ( ,sur9am1 & ! plant]s ent]$ on ! cultivation ( c(fee 9 #agah4 ,! au?ority = ?is is ! celebrat$ physician & botani/1 ,bo]haave1 9 8 ,index ( ! ,leyd5 ,g>d54 ,9 t5 ye>s aft] its cultivation 9 ,sur9am x 0 introduc$ f t colony by ! ,engli% into ,jamaica4 ,x 0 s5t to ,m>t9ique f ,france 9 #agbj4 ,! fir/ c(fee-plant cultivat$ 9 ,brazil1 n[ ! greate/ produc+ c\ntry 9 ! _w1 0 re>$ by a ,franciscan monk1 ( ! "n ( ,vellosa1 9 ! g>d5 ( ! conv5t ( ,san ,antonio1 ne> ,rio ,janeiro2 x ?rove1 & ! monk pres5t$ its ripe fruit to ! vic]oy1 ,lavrado4 ,he judici\sly di/ribut$ x to ! plant]s1 :o comm5c$ its cultivation 9 #aggd4 ,f ,java ! c(fee-plant 0 convey$ to ,sumatra1 to ,clbes1 to ! ,philipp9es1 & 9 our own times to ,malab>1 ,mysore1 & ,ceylon4 ,! few c(fee-b]ries br\ght f ,mo*a to ,batavia are ! p>5ts ( ! va/ quantity n[ produc$1 all ! c(fee n[ consum$ 7exce$+ #ejj1jjj1jjj lbs471 save ! trifle yield$ by ,arabia1 has ! same orig91 & ! great cultivation & comm]ce 9 c(fee has all sprung up 9 less ?an "o hundr$ & sev5ty-five ye>s4 ,,section ,,iii4 ,,production ,,& ,,supply4 ,! *anges 9 ! s\rces ( supply ( c(fee )9 ! la/ qu>t] ( a c5tury are v rem>kable4 ,! ,briti% possessions 9 ! ,ea/1 :]e l& & lab\r is *eap1 h tak5 ! place :i* our ,we/]n possessions =m]ly occupi$4 ,! ,briti% ,we/ ,india ,isl&s & ,dem]>a h fall5 (f 9 _! production ( c(fee f #cj1jjj1jjj lbs4 to #d1jjj1jjj lbs4 ,san ,dom+o1 ,cuba1 & ! ,fr5* ,we/ ,india colonies are also gradually giv+ up c(fee culture 9 fav\r ( o!r /aples4 ,x is *iefly ,brazil1 "s ( ! ,c5tral ,am]ican republics1 ,java1 ,ceylon1 & ,briti% ,india1 t are able to r5d] c(fee a pr(itable crop4 ,at ! close ( ! la/ c5tury ! consumption ( c(fee 0 "u "o million p\nds2 ! only descriptions !n kn[n 9 ! ,london m>ket 7 ,gr5ada1 ,jamaica1 & ,mo*a--! two =m] av]ag+ ab\t #el4 p] cwt41 & ! latt] #bjl4 p] cwt4 ,gr5ada c(fee is n[ unkn[n1 & ,ceylon1 ,java1 & ,brazil are ! l>ge/ produc]s4 ,9 #agfj ! total quantity ( c(fee consum$ 9 ! ,unit$ ,k+dom 0 #bfb1jjj lbs41 or ?ree-qu>t]s ( an ounce to ea* p]son 9 ! population4 ,f #ahja to #ahjd ! av]age quantity ( c(fee consum$ by ea* individual ( ! population 0 only ab\t #a oz41 :il/ #a lbs4 ( tea p] head 0 us$4 ,f #ahje to #ahji ! consumption ( c(fee 0 #c oz4 p] head4 ,f #ahaj to #ahbd1 :5 ! duty 0 r$uc$ by ab\t "o-?ird1 ! consumption 0 #h oz4 ,aft] ?is1 :5 ! duty on ,briti%-gr[n c(fee 0 fur!r r$uc$ to #i;d4 & #f;d4 ! p\nd1 ! consumption rose to #a lb41 & by #ahej to #a lbs4 ,b ?is consumption 0 n uni=m = ! ,unit$ ,k+dom1 = :ile 9 ,engl& #a lb4 #ab oz4 0 us$1 9 ,scotl& only #f oz4 7 consum$1 & 9 ,irel& b #b oz4 ,! quantities ( c(fee consum$ 9 ,great ,brita9 9 ea* dec5nial p]iod1 comp>+ ! consumption ) ! gr[? ( ! population1 & exhibit+ ! influ5ce ( high & l[ duties1 are %[n by ! foll[+ /atem5t4 ,! figures up to #ahda are f ,port]'s 8,progress ( ! ,nation40 ,^? s9ce are comput$ f (ficial docum5ts3 ---------------------------------------- -------------- ,no4 ( lbs4 ,duty on ,population ,av]age consum$4 ,b4 ,p4 ( consumption4 c(fee4 ,great ,brita94 ---------------------------------------- -------------- s4 d4 lbs4 oz4 #ahja #gej1jjj #a #f #aj1idb1fdf #j #aji #ahaa #f1cij1abb #j #g #ab1eif1hjc #j #hab #ahba #g1cbg1bhc #a #j #ad1cia1fca #j #hja #ahca #ba1hfb1bfd #j #f #af1bfb1cja #a #edi #ahda #bg1bih1cbb #j #f #ah1ecb1cce #a #gee #ahea #cb1ejd1ede #j #c #ba1jjj1jjj #a #dih #ahfa #ce1bjd1jdj #j #c #bc1bff1gee #a #acc ---------------------------------------- -------------- ,x appe>s f ! =ego+ figures1 t1 :5 ! duty am\nt$ to #as4 #f;d4 p] lb41 ! use ( c(fee 0 conf9$ altoge!r to ! ri*4 ,! quantity !n us$ ?r\gh\t ! k+dom sc>cely exce$$ on ! av]age "o ounce = ea* inhabitant 9 ! ye>4 ,al?\gh ab\t a qu>t] ( a c5tury ago ! av]age consumption rose to ne>ly #a lb41 x has s9ce be5 gradually decl9+1 = la/ ye> 7#ahfc7 ! total consumption 01 ) an increas$ population1 #b million p\nds bel[ ! quantity tak5 = consumption 9 #ahfa4 ,! foll[+ table %[s ! *anges 9 our s\rces ( supply ( c(fee ev5 9 ! la/ t5 ye>s1 tak+ ! quantities ent]$ = consumption only4 ,,c(fee ,,tak5 ,,= ,,consumption ,,9 ,,! ,,unit$ ,,k+dom4 #ahec4 #ahfb4 lbs4 lbs4 ,briti% ,india 7includ+ ,ceylon7 #bd1ihj1cge #e1dbb1cfi ,ceylon -- #bc1hhf1jjg ,briti% ,we/ ,indies & ,guiana #b1gdb1iac #b1chj1fhc ,c5tral ,am]ica #d1idh1hdh #b1jhg1fch ,brazil #had1acc #bhj1hcg ,v5ezuela #a1jcc1jga -- ,hayti #hfb1bed #bj1gja ,java #aab1hib -- ,holl&1 c4 #ddb1hfc #h1hfb ,egypt #aab1cfj #ij1icb ,unit$ ,/ates #aab1fgc #cj1dgf ,new ,granada -- #acc1add ,*ili #cgi1icj -- ,mauritius #fa1hhd -- ,portugal -- #bc1jeb ,philipp9e ,isl&s -- #hb1hbj ,o!r p>ts #dhg1egd #baf1fej ---------- ---------- #cg1jia1ggj #cd1ffd1ace ,export$ on drawback #ajh1fdh #bab1cfi ---------- ---------- #cf1ihc1abb #cd1dea1gff ,!re is import$ into ,europe annually ab\t #bgj1jjj1jjj p\nds ( c(fee1 ( :i* ,france consumes "o-six?1 ! consumption !re hav+ increas$ fully fifty p] c5t4 )9 a v brief p]iod4 ,,section ,,iv4 ,,comm]cial ,,v>ieties ,,( ,,c(fee4 ,! c(fee-b]ry ( ,cay5ne is r convex1 irregul>1 ( a dull gre51 cov]$ ) a slight pellicle4 ,x is analog\s to ,mo*a1 & ( a pleasant aromatic flav\r4 ,t ( ,guadal\pe is elongat$1 l>g]1 ( a d>k greyi% gre51 & ne>ly always )\t any pellicle4 ,! c(fee-b]ry ( ,m>t9ique is also l>ge1 oval1 flat on "o side1 ) ! furr[ deep & /raight = ! great] "p ( its l5g?1 b div]g+ at ! ends4 ,its od\r is agreeable1 & ! flav\r /rong :5 us$ alone1 b x is g5]ally mix$ ) ,mo*a4 ,! ,mo*a b]ry is v v>iable 9 =m1 size1 & col\r1 b x is g5]ally m r\nd or compress$ ?an o!r c(fees2 its od\r is /rong & agreeable1 & v *>act]i/ic4 ,_m ( ! se$s are (t5 cov]$ by ! endoc>p1 :ile o!rs are )\t ! pellicle4 ,a great numb] also are r\nd$1 & ! involut$ edges =m a deep furr[1 diff]+ f ! ord9>y "o4 ,! =m ( ^! se$s is due to ! abortion ( ! o!r half ( ! fruit1 :i* gives x ?is p>ticul> =mation4 ,ad51 alias ,mo*a1 c(fee is1 along ) ! o!r c(fees ( ! ,r$ ,sea1 s5t fir/ to ,bombay 9 ,arab %ips1 :]e x is 8g>bell$0 7pick$71 previ\sly to its be+ export$ to ,engl&4 ,! bean is always broad & small1 & ! climate ( ,india is suppos$ to improve its flav\r4 ,! se$ ( ! ,b]b]a 7,abyss9ian7 plant is usually call$ long-b]ri$ ,mo*a4 ,! ,java & ,ea/ ,indian1 next 9 quality1 are l>g]1 & ( a pal] yell[4 ,! ,ceylon b]ries are ( irregul> sizes1 ill-%ap$1 & ( a spott$ dirty cream-col\r4 ,! t]ms 8,plantation0 & 8,native0 c(fees1 z appli$ to ,ceylon b]ries1 are di/9ctions aris+ f "o be+ ! cultivat$ c(fee ( ! e/ates ( ! plant]s1 :i* are bett] att5d$ to & prep>$ = m>ket1 :ile ! o!r is t gr[n 9 a wild or c>eless mann] by ! natives ab\t _! dwell+s1 & m rudely prep>$4 ,java c(fee is *iefly priz$ 9 ! m>ket = its delicacy ( flav\r1 b 9 po9t ( /r5g? x falls %ort ( ! ,we/ ,indian4 ,( ,b\rbon c(fee !re are 9 comm]ce two qualities1 f9e & ord9>y4 ,! fir/ is 9 small se$s1 well select$ = size1 ( a v>iable col\r1 yell[ or gre51 ) little pellicle1 ! furr[ slightly ind5t$1 & x has a sweet od\r4 ,! second is badly assort$ z reg>ds =m & col\r1 & its od\r less agreeable4 ,! ,jamaica c(fee-b]ry is m$ium-siz$1 ( a gre5i% blue col\r1 r oblong1 & smoo? to ! t\*4 ,x has a /rong1 agreeable smell1 & excell5t flav\r1 & :5 c>efully pick$ & sort$1 fet*es ab\t ! highe/ price ( any k9d4 ,porto ,rico is a middle-siz$ c(fee1 ( a pure & agreeable flav\r2 ! col\r ( ! bett] sorts is a blui% gre52 & ( ! common1 yell[4 ,! ,we/ ,indian & ,brazilian c(fees h a blui% or gre5i%-grey t9t4 ,?is grey-gre5 %ade ( ! ,we/]n c(fees is entirely defici5t 9 ^? ( ,asia4 ,! value ( ! b]ry 9 our :olesale m>kets is n1 !re=e1 a fictiti\s quality1 z "s imag9e1 b is real1 & dep5ds fir/ ^u ! texture & =m ( ! b]ry or se$1 secondly on ! col\r1 & ?irdly ! flav\r4 ,! texture ( ! b]ry & =m1 t]m$ 8/yle0 by ! c(fee brok]s1 is s well def9$ & palpable to ! initiat$1 t at "o view !y pron\nce its value1 f "o hundr$ & ?irty %ill+s p] cwt4 d[nw>ds1 accord+ to ! two o!r qualities1 col\r & flav\r4 ,! value ( ! c(fees usually import$ into ?is c\ntry /&s 9 ! foll[+ ord]3 ,mo*a1 f9e ,ceylon ,plantation1 ,jamaica1 ,co/a ,rica1 ,java1 ,telli*]ry1 & ,/4 ,dom+o4 ,portugal produces c(fee 9 sev]al ( h] colonies4 ,ord9>y description1 yell[i% b]ry1 9 ,/4 ,?omas2 tol]ably good 9 ! ,cape de ,v]des2 bad1 yell[1 9 ,timor2 worse 7b curi\s f ! v small size ( ! b]ry71 gr[+ wild1 9 ,mozambique2 good 9 ,angola2 & ( excell5t quality 9 ,madeira & ,porto ,santo1 b ! production is limit$4 ,mu* ( ! c(fee :i* f9ds its way into ,engl& z g5u9e ,mo*a is1 9 reality1 ,malab> c(fee1 s5t to ports ( ! ,p]sian ,gulf f ,b\rbon1 & :5 ?us naturalis$1 f9d+ its way to ,europe4 ,b ! c(fee ( ,india ev5 n[ competes successfully ) t ( ,arabia1 9 ,bussorah1 & o!r local m>kets1 :i* ! latt] _h = c5turies comm&$ z its own4 ,x is curi\s to wat* ! progress ( ,engli% ent]prise4 ,! en]getic & ubiquit\s ,anglo-,saxons hold ,india1 & "h we see c(fee f ,india triumph+ ov] ! fam\s b]ry ( ,arabia4 ,! cultivation ( tea also is rapidly spread+ ov] #cj1jjj squ>e miles ( ! ,sub-,himalayan ranges2 & :o kn[s b t ,indian teas may yet compete ) ^? ( ! fl[]y l& 9 ! m>kets ( ,%anghae8 ,already ! ,assam teas are held 9 high e/imation by good judges ( tea 9 ?is c\ntry1 :il/ !y fet* a high price 9 ,india = local consumption4 ,! col\r ( ! b]ry is by no means a decisive crit]ion ( excell5ce ( quality2 9 "s p>ts ! blui% b]ry is e/eem$ mo/ highly1 9 o!rs ! yell[4 ,! ,we/ ,indian c(fees (t5 *ange col\r :5 kept a few ye>s4 ,x is well kn[n t ! v>i\s sorts ( c(fee import$ into ,europe f ! sev]al p>ts :]e ! plant is cultivat$ diff] widely 9 quality & flav\r4 ,levant9e or ,mo*a /ill reta9s its old sup]iority 9 ?is respect1 ?\gh ! be/ sorts import$ f ,ceylon1 ,b\rbon1 ,mauritius1 & o!r ,indian ,isl&s are n[ g5]ally consid]$ to come v ne> x4 ,?is diff]5ce 9 quality & flav\r ( ! v>i\s sorts ( c(fee is g5]ally attribut$ to climatic & local causes & influ5ces1 :i* are necess>ily beyond ! p[] ( rem$y4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 is a great mi/ake4 ,! m or less advanc$ /ate ( maturity to :i* ! b]ry is all[$ to atta9 be=e pick+1 &1 m p>ticul>ly /ill1 ! degree ( dryness1 & ! long] or %ort] p]iod ( "t = :i* x is kept be=e be+ s5t into ! m>ket1 ex]cise a mo/ p[]ful influ5ce ^u ! quality & flav\r ( ! article4 ,b]ries ga!r$ be=e !y h atta9$ maturity1 ?\gh !y may be p]fect 9 col\r1 w always h a raw1 h]bace\s ta/e4 ,if ! dry+ b]ries are heap$ too ?ickly or closely1 !y are apt to heat & to contract an unpleasantly bitt] & h>% ta/e1 & a disagreeable smell2 ?is w frequ5tly occur also :]e artificial heat is _h rec\rse to exp$ite ! dry+4 ,keep+ t5ds to cure ^! s]i\s defects 9 c(fee4 ,!re are in/ances on record :]e c(fee ( a mo/ disagreeable flav\r & smell has be5 br\ght ne> p]fection by be+ kept = "s ye>s 9 a dry l(t2 & ?\gh x may be go+ too f> to ass]t1 z has be5 done by "s high au?orities on ! subject1 t 8! wor/ c(fee produc$ 9 ! ,we/ ,indies w1 9 a c\rse ( ye>s n exce$+ t5 or f\rte51 be z good1 p>* & mix z well1 & h z high a flav\r z ! be/ we h n[ f ,turkey10 /ill !re c be no d\bt t long keep+ w mo/ mat]ially improve ! quality ( ev5 ! wor/ sorts4 ,un=tunately1 ! diff]5ce ( price betwe5 inf]ior & sup]ior c(fee is n suffici5tly great to cov] s _m ye>s' int]e/ on ! capital inve/$4 ,x is = ! same reason t plant]s1 ?\gh !y are p]fectly aw>e t trees gr[+ on a light soil1 & 9 dry & elevat$ spots1 produce small] b]ries ( v sup]ior flav\r to ^? gr[n 9 ri*1 flat1 & moi/ soils1 yet pref] cultivat+ ! latt]1 simply because ! production is d\ble t ( ! bett] sort4 ,^? :o wi% to improve ! quality ( _! c(fees by keep+1 mu/ be> 9 m9d t p]fect dryness ( ! l(t or w>eh\se1 mod]ate w>m?1 & g5tle v5tilation are ! indisp5sable conditions ( success2 a /rong draught ( air is m p>ticul>ly to be gu>d$ aga9/1 z x t5ds to blea* ! b]ries4 ,great c>e mu/ be tak51 also1 to keep all /rong-flav\r$ w>es1 su* z pepp]1 pim5to1 g+]1 cod-fi%1 h]r+s1 rum1 c41 z f> z possible f ! c(fee1 :i* has a p[]ful attraction = ^! sc5ts1 & gets ?or\ghly impregnat$ ) !m1 to ! great det]ioration1 ( c\rse1 ( its quality4 ,?is rem>k applies m p>ticul>ly to ! %ipp+ ( c(fee f ,jamaica & ! o!r ,we/ ,india ,isl&s4 ,want ( prop] v5tilation 9 ! holds 9 :i* a c>go ( c(fee is /[$ on bo>d %ip1 is equally injuri\s to ! quality ( ! article4 ,c(fee :i* has suff]$ damage by sea-wat]1 or has be5 spoil$ by ! close vic9ity ( /rong-sc5t$ w>es1 may1 to "s ext5t1 be reclaim$ by 8r\nc+0 or putt+ x 9 a tub1 p\r+ boil+ wat] ov] x1 /irr+ = a few m9utes1 !n p\r+ ! wat] (f1 repeat+ ! same op]ation a second1 or ev5 a ?ird "t1 if necess>y1 & mo/ c>efully dry+ ! wa%$ b]ries4 ,,section ,v4 ,,*emical ,,analysis4 ,c(fee has be5 analys$ by sev]al *emi/s1 & ?\gh ! results obta9$ diff] 9 "s slight degree1 yet x seems pretty cle> t ! pr9cipal con/itu5ts to :i* its hygi5ic & m$ic9al prop]ties are due are caffe9e1 a peculi> volatile oil g5]at$ 9 ! roa/+1 & a k9d ( tannic acid4 ,! alkaloid caffe9e1 or !9e1 is f\nd 9 "o or two o!r plants besides tea & c(fee4 ,x occurs 9 ! se$s ( ,paull9ia sorbilis1 a native ( ,brazil1 & 9 ! leaves ( sev]al species ( holly1 natives ( ,s\? ,am]ica1 :i* furni% ! ,p>aguay tea1 or ,y]ba mate1 s l>ge an article ( consumption 9 sev]al ( ! ,s\? ,am]ican republics4 ,! leaves & "y %oots1 dri$1 p>*$1 & pulv]is$1 are us$ = a hot infusion4 ,a k9d ( cake1 call$ ,gu>ana bread1 is made f ! se$s ( ! ,paull9ia1 :i* is highly e/eem$ 9 ,brazil & o!r c\ntries :5 infus$1 l *ocolate1 = its nutritive & febrifuge prop]ties1 & is sold g5]ally z a necess>y = travell]s1 & z a cure = _m diseases4 ,! nutritive & m$ic9al virtues ( all ^! plants mu/ c]ta9ly be attribut$ 9 a great degree to ! pres5ce ( ?is *emical pr9ciple1 & to ! tannic acid :i* !y also conta94 ,! use ( c(fee z a bev]age has be5 exam9$ 9 a *emical & physiological po9t ( view by ,pr(essor ,lehmann4 ,! g5]al results ( 8 inve/igations are3 #a4 ,t a decoction ( c(fee ex]cises two pr9cipal actions ^u ! organism1 :i* are v div]se 9 "*1 viz4 increas+ ! activity ( ! vascul> & n]v\s sy/em1 :ile at ! same "t x ret>ds ! metamorphosis ( pla/ic con/itu5ts4 #b4 ,t ! influ5ce ( c(fee ^u ! vascul> & n]v\s sy/em1 its re9vigorat+ action1 & ! production ( a g5]al s5se ( *e]fulness & animation1 is attributable solely to ! mutual modification ( ! specific action ( ! empyreumatic oil & ! caffe9e conta9$ 9 x4 #c4 ,t ! ret>dation ( ! assimilative process br\ght ab\t by ! use ( c(fee is ow+ *iefly to ! empyreumatic oil1 & is caus$ by caffe9e only :5 tak5 9 l>ge quantities4 #d4 ,t increas$ action ( ! he>t1 trembl+1 heada*e1 c41 are effects ( ! caffe9e4 #e4 ,t ! increas$ activity ( ! kidneys1 relaxation ( ! b[els1 & an increas$ vig\r ( m5tal faculties1 pass+ into conge/ion1 re/lessness1 & inability to sleep1 are effects ( ! empyreumatic oil4 ,pr(essor ,lehmann consid]s x1 !re=e1 necess>y to reg>d ! action ( c(fee1 &1 9 a less degree1 t ( tea1 cocoa1 alcohol1 c41 ^u ! organism1 z con/itut+ an exception to ! g5]al law1 t increas$ bodily & m5tal activity involves increas$ consumption ( pla/ic mat]ial4 ,caffe9e1 on c>eful analysis1 has be5 f\nd to conta9 9 #ajj p>ts1 #dihj ( c>bon1 #ejh ( hydrog51 #bhhc ( nitrog51 & #afbi ( oxyg54 ,x is inodor\s1 b has a slightly bitt] ta/e4 ,! proportion 9 :i* ?is pr9ciple is f\nd to be pres5t 9 c(fee v>ies betwe5 lb4 & #a lbs4 9 #ajj lbs4 ( b]ries4 ,! peculi> ess5tial oil :i* is g5]at$ 9 c(fee 9 ! process ( roa/+1 by ! action ( heat ^u "s yet unasc]ta9$ pr9ciple conta9$ 9 ! b]ry1 is also v simil> to ! volatile oil 9 tea2 b ! quantity ( x 9 c(fee appe>s to be comp>atively v small2 = :il/ #ajj lbs4 ( tea-leaves conta9 #a lb4 ( volatile oil1 x takes #ejj cwts4 ( roa/$ c(fee to give a simil> quantity2 & yet x is ^u ! pres5ce ( ?is oil t ! flav\r & value ( ! sev]al v>ieties ( c(fee ma9ly dep5d4 ,! tannic acid is1 by "s *emi/s1 also said to be g5]at$ only 9 ! process ( roa/+2 o!rs ma9ta9 t x is pres5t 9 ! raw bean4 ,! *emical prop]ties ( ! c(fee-b]ry are alt]$ by roa/+1 & x loses ab\t tw5ty p] c5t4 ( weight1 b increases 9 bulk "o-?ird or "o-half4 ,its peculi> aroma1 & "s ( its o!r prop]ties1 are due to a small quantity ( ess5tial oil1 only "o five-?\s&? "p ( its weight1 :i* w\ld be wor? ab\t #ajjl4 an ounce 9 a sep>ate /ate4 ,c(fee is less ri* 9 !9e ?an tea1 b conta9s m sug> & a good deal ( *eese 7case974 ,s*rad] has analys$ raw & roa/$ c(fee1 ) ! foll[+ result3 raw4 roa/$4 ,peculi> c(fee pr9ciple #ageh #abej ,gum & mucilage #cfd #ajdb ,extractive #jfb #dhj ,res9 #jda ,fatty oil #jeb #bjh ,solid residue #ffff #fhge ,loss #ajeg #ade ------------- #ajjjj 8,! exam9ation ( c(fee10 obs]ves ,dr4 ,f4 ,knapp1 8has l$ to int]e/+ results1 al?\gh !y are /ill defective 9 po9t+ out ! quantitative composition ( ! b]ry40 ,! foll[+ is ! composition ( ! a% accord+ to ,levi3 ,pota% #ejid ,soda #adgf ,lime #dcc ,magnesia #ajij ,oxide ( iron #jff ,phosphoric acid #acei ,sulphuric acid trace ,*lor9e #abb ,silicic acid #ceh ------ #iiih ,accord+ to ! analysis ( ,pay51 ! unroa/$ c(fee-b]ry has ! foll[+ composition3 ,moi/ure #abj ,glucose & dextr9e #aee ,nitrog5\s matt]s #acj ,*lorog5ate ( caffe9e1 c4 #ce to #eh ,fatty sub/ances #aj to #acj ,cellulose & woody fibre #cdj ,m9]al sub/ances 9 a% #fg ,ess5tial oil #jjc ----- #ajjj ,or to def9e ! p]-c5tage m closely1 we may put x ?us3 ,wat] #abjjj ,caffe9e1 or !9e #agej ,case9 #acjjj ,aromatic oil #jjjb ,sug> #fejj ,gum #ijjj ,fat #abjjj ,pota%1 ) a peculi> acid #djjj ,woody fibre #cejdh ,m9]al matt] #fgjj ------- #ajjjjj ,9 ano!r =m ?is %[s u3 ,wat] #abjj ,fle%-=m]s #adge ,heat-giv]s #ffbe ,m9]al matt] #gjj ------ #ajjjj ,z glut5 is only v sp>+ly soluble 9 boil+ wat]1 9 ! usual way ( mak+ c(fee ! fle%-=m]s are ?r[n away ) ! dregs2 ! addition ( a little soda to ! wat] p>tly prev5ts ?is wa/e4 ,! v>i\s compon5ts 9 "o p\nd ( c(fee w be-- oz4 grs4 ,wat] #a #djg ,caffe9e1 or !9e #abb ,case91 or *eese #b #ce ,aromatic oil #a ,gum #a #aib ,sug> #a #ag ,fat #a #djb ,pota% #bhj ,woody fibre #e #bfb ,m9]al matt] #a #ca ,! "p roa/$ is ! album51 :i* is ( a h>d1 horny consi/5ce2 & ,l9dley rem>ks t x is probable t ! se$s ( o!r plants ( ?is or ! /ellate ord]1 ^: album5 is ( ! same texture1 w\ld s]ve z a sub/itute4 ,?is w\ld n be ! case ) ^? ) fle%y album54 ,c(fee loses 9 weight by roa/+1 b ga9s 9 bulk 9 proportion to ! heat appli$4 ,pay5 f\nd ! foll[+ am\nt ( nitrog5 9 #ajj p>ts dri$3 nitrog54 a%4 ,m>t9ique #bdf #ejj ,b\rbon #bed #dff ,mo*a #bdi #ghd ,! c(fee f ,m>t9ique lo/ #aaeh p] c5t4 ( its weight by dry+4 ,?is description ( c(fee also af=d$ ! foll[+ results3 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------ ,unroa/$4 ,slightly ,*esnut ,br[n4 r$d5$4 br[n4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------ ,loss 9 roa/+ -- #ae p] c5t4 #bj p] c5t4 #be p] c5t4 ,increase 9 bulk -- #ac times #aec times -- ,extract #dj p] c5t4 #cg p] c5t4 #cga p] ct4 #cibe p] ct4 ,insoluble residue#dhe 8 -- -- -- ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------ ,c(fee1 z ord9>ily prep>$ = bev]age1 conta9s only two-sev5?s ( ! nitrog5\s or nutritive matt] ( ! fre% bean1 b two-?irds ( ! roa/$1 & ! m9]al +r$i5ts are all pres5t4 ,m4 ,lebreton 78,agriculteur pratici507 has e/imat$ ! loss ( weight ( c(fee 9 roa/+ at #ah to #bj p] c5t4 9 ,porto ,rico1 ,rio1 & ,m>t9ique c(fee2 & at #af to #ah p] c5t4 9 ,malab>1 ,b\rbon1 ,ceylon1 & ,guadal\pe c(fees2 :ile 9 ,mo*a c(fee x am\nts to only #ad or #af4 ,! loss ( weight dep5ds ^u ! "t ( roa/+ & ! degree ( heat4 ,damp or damag$ c(fee loses m ?an dry s\nd c(fee4 ,he consid]s t ^! sub/ances h ! capability ( r5d]+ ! individual ins5sible ( a c]ta9 defici5cy ( food1 9 virtue ( _! ret>dation ( ! assimilative process4 ,he ?9ks x probable1 likewise1 t ^! sub/ances h a direct nutritive value1 especially c(fee z drank by ! ,turks & ,arabs ) ! gr\nds4 ,pr(essor ,lehmann consid]s t ! s+ul> pref]5ce = "o or o!r ( ^! bev]ages by p>ticul> nations1 z well z ! ,ea/]n cu/om ( dr9k+ c(fee ) ! gr\nds1 are n accid5tal1 b h "s deep] reason4 ,?is reason1 he ?9ks1 is to be f\nd 9 ! diff]5t effects ( ! c(fee1 tea1 c41 & ! v>i\s requirem5ts ( ! nations by :om !y are us$1 & in/ances ! use ( tea by ! ,engli%1 & ( c(fee by ! ,g]mans & ,fr5*1 z 9 accordance ) ?is view4 ,! diet ( ! =m] af=ds a l>g] supply ( pla/ic mat]ial ?an t ( ! latt] p2 & :ile1 consequ5tly1 ! ret>dation ( ! assimilative process is an important influ5ce = ! ,g]man1 ! proportionately great] n]v\s /imulus caus$ by tea is m desirable = ! =m]4 ,! use ( c(fee ) its gr\nds has its analogue 9 ! use ( tea mix$ ) meal1 milk1 & butt] among ! ,mongols1 & o!r inhabitants ( ! ,c5tral ,asiatic /eppes4 ,m4 ,pay51 f elaborate exp]im5ts1 %[s t c(fee slightly roa/$ is t :i* conta9s ! maximum ( aroma1 weight1 & nutrition4 ,he decl>es c(fee to be v n\ri%+1 z x conta9s a l>ge quantity ( nitrog51 ?ree times z mu* nutrim5t z tea1 & m ?an twice ! n\ri%m5t ( s\p4 ,*icory conta9s only half ! nutrim5t ( c(fee4 ,,section ,,vi4 ,,c(fee-,,leaf ,,tea1 c4 ,att5tion 0 "s "t ago drawn to ! subject ( c(fee-leaf tea1 :i* is us$ 9 ,sumatra & o!r p>ts ( ! ,ea/1 & a good deal ( discussion ensu$ ^u ! matt]1 aft] ! leaves 7 %[n = ! purpose at ! ,int]national ,exhibition ( #ahea4 ,an infusion ( roa/$ c(fee-leaves is pron\nc$ by ^? :o h _h an opportunity ( ta/+ x1 z sup]ior to ,bohea1 & by "s en?usia/ic admir]s is said to rival ! flav\r ( ! mo/ delicate ,pekoe4 ,t an infusion ( roa/$ c(fee-leaves %\ld imitate ! flav\r ( tea is n to be wond]$ at1 z ! leaves ( bo? %rubs conta9 9 ! ma9 ! same lead+ pr9ciples1 m p>ticul>ly !9e or caffe9e4 ,!re is no d\bt t c(fee-leaf tea w\ld comm& a sale 9 ,engl&1 b ! "q is h[ mu* c\ld be collect$ to make x pr(itable1 & x involves ! necessity ( app>atus & skill$ lab\r = p>*+ ! leaves4 ,c(fee-leaves are n q s ?ick z ^? ( ,vallambrosa1 & a ,malab> coolie w\ld n 9 "o day collect en\gh to pay ! exp5se ( pick+1 dry+1 pack+1 c>tage1 w>eh\se r5t1 freight1 & o!r *>ges4 ,moreov]1 no plant] ( any exp]i5ce w\ld ?9k ( /ripp+ 8 trees ( _! brea?+ organs1 & ! quantity t might be collect$ f ! suck]s & prun+s1 c41 w\ld nev] give m ?an a few bales1 ev5 on l>ge plantations4 ,ev5 7 ! fall5 leaves suppos$ to be available1 _! removal w\ld be z detrim5tal z ! practice ( rak+ away )]$ leaves 9 plantations1 or ! application ( ! sug>-cane tra% to ! purposes ( fuel4 ,! husks1 pulp1 & p>*m5t 9 ,s\? ,am]ica1 ! ,we/ ,indies1 ,ceylon1 & ! o!r ,indian isl&s1 are reg>d$ z m]e wa/e1 & ?r[n away4 ,9 ,arabia & "s p>ts ( ! ,ea/1 h[ev]1 ?is refuse is utilis$1 z ! 8mis]ables10 or husks ( ! cocoa-se$ 7,!obroma cacao71 are 9 ,irel& & ! ,cont95t4 ,) x is prep>$ ! fam\s ki%]1 or 8,caf la ,sultane10 a light-col\r$1 bright infusion1 :i* has all ! agreeable flav\r ( c(fee1 ) little ( its /r5g? & none ( its bitt]ness2 ?is is p>tak5 ( by ! humbl] classes 9 incr$ible quantities4 ,:5 q dry & ripe ^! husks are bruis$1 & roa/$ 9 an e>!n vessel ov] a *>coal fire1 n z c(fee usually is1 b only until x assumes a light-br[n col\r4 ,:ile hot x is ?r[n into a pot ( boil+ wat]1 ) a small proportion ( ! pellicle or p>*m5t sk92 all is boil$ toge!r = a few m9utes1 & !n s]v$ hot & /rong1 b )\t sug>4 ,sometimes a drop ( ess5ce ( amb] is put into ea* cup2 or cloves1 anise$1 or c>damoms are boil$ ) x4 ,9 ,brazil1 f ! sweet pulp :i* envelopes ! b]ry an excell5t _s has be5 made4 ,,section ,,vii4 ,,adult]ants4 ,great z ! consumption ( c(fee is 9 ,europe & ! ,am]icas1 x has become s necess>y 9 e h\sehold1 t ! dem& cont9ues to increase1 & v full prices are ma9ta9$4 ,! l>gely ext5d$ plantations 9 ,brazil1 9 ,ceylon1 9 ,india1 9 ,java1 & 9 o!r suitable localities1 pr(itably op5$ up e day1 altoge!r fail to keep d[n prices1 & w long cont9ue to (f] ! /rong inducem5t ( l>ge pr(its6 ,tak+ advantage ( ?is great public want1 ! unscrupul\s & fraudul5t trad] foi/s ^u ! easily-dup$ masses ( consum]s va/ quantities ( un:olesome & p]nici\s /uff1 mix$ 9 c]ta9 proportions ) c(fee2 &1 al?\gh ! law has int]pos$ 9 ! case ( *icory1 =bidd+1 "u p5alties1 its be+ sold mix$ ) c(fee1 unless especially s labell$ & decl>$1 yet :o c tell ! ?\s& & "o mixtures t are /ill made & sold ) x8 ,x may be said t all ?is c be prev5t$ by pur*as+ only ungr\nd c(fee1 9 a roa/$ /ate1 ready = gr9d+2 b !re are ^? 7to be reckon$ by hundr$s ( ?\s&s ( families7 :o1 hav+ no means ( gr9d+ ?is roa/$ c(fee1 are compell$ to buy t :i* is already gr\nd1 or g )\t altoge!r4 ,:at abom9ations d ^! 79 too _m cases7 n dr9k1 !n1 "u ! mu* abus$ "n ( c(fee8 ,^! reflections are =c$ ^u my m9d e "t ,i ent] a c(fee-h\se1 & am call$ to put fai? 9 ! purity ( ! cup ( c(fee set be=e me4 ,visitors to ! e/abli%m5ts ( c(fee-gr9d]s speak ( bags ( ! husks ( peas1 & cobs ( ,indian corn1 :eat1 sea-biscuits1 & o!r articles1 h>mless en\gh 9 !mselves1 & 9 _! "r places1 :]e1 inde$1 !y may be useful2 b a c(fee-mill is ! wrong place = ^! o!rwise objectionable articles ( consumption4 ,x w n be d5i$ t ! husks ( peas or ! cobs ( maize are appropriately plac$ 9 ! tr\gh f :i* our pigs fe$2 !y w ev5 add to ! delicacy & :it5ess ( ! pork ^? v useful animals are int5d$ to yield u1 b !y are ess5tially out ( place 9 our c(fee-cup4 ,^!1 & v>i\s o!r articles1 g to make :at 9 ! trade is t]m$ 8,bo/on10 & ?is prep>ation ! visitor1 :o has be5 admitt$ to ! arcana ( ! gr9d]1 w f9d mix$ 9 a l>ge b9 ready = use4 ,"o :o has be5 ?us fav\r$1 aft] describ+ ! mill us$ = gr9d+ ! c(fee1 speaks ( ano!r ma*9e1 call$ ! 8mix]40 ,! 8mix]0 is a wood5 cyl9d] revolv+ on a sp9dle at an angle ( #de1 & hav+ int]nal arrangem5ts to mix ! c(fee ) su* proportion ( adult]at+ mat]ial z ! +5uity or impud5ce ( ! gr9d] may sugge/4 ,"h1 l ,macbe?'s wit*es ov] _! cauldron1 presides ! g5ius ( ! place1 :o ca/s 9 ! +r$i5ts :i* con/itute ! villan\s comp\nd1 :i*1 done up 9 t9s1 is f9ally ornam5t$ ) labels su* z ?is3 ,,f9e/ ,,plantation ,,c(fee1 ,roa/$ & gr\nd on ! mo/ approv$ pr9ciple by ,,/eam ,,ma*9]y4 ,?is c(fee is ) confid5ce highly recomm5d$ to ! public1 z ! f9e aroma1 s mu* appreciat$1 is entirely pres]v$ by its be+ ,,pack$ ,,fre% ,,f ,,! ,,mill4 ,we ne$ sc>cely say t ! am\nt ( n\ri%m5t conta9$ 9 ?is abom9able olio is inf9itesimally small4 ,! ,sci5tific ,am]ican ( ,new ,york1 ( a rec5t date1 records ! foll[+ fact3 8,! editor ( ! ,baltimore ,am]ican lately visit$ ! commiss>y dep>tm5t ( "o ( ! l>ge milit>y hospitals1 & notic$ sev]al b>rels ( dri$ c(fee gr\nds1 ! purpose :]e( excit$ 8 curiosity4 ,! polite commiss>y in=m$ him t !y receiv$ twelve doll>s a b>rel = ! gr\nds4 #8,b :at is x pur*as$ =8' he ask$4 #8,well1' said ! commiss>y1 hesitat+ly1 #8x is re-aromatis$ by ! trans=m+ h& ( mod]n *emi/ry1 & put up 9 p\nd pap]s1 :i* are decorat$ ) attractive labels & high-s\nd+ names4'0 ,ab\t t5 ye>s ago1 :5 ! "q ( c(fee adult]ation 0 mu* agitat$1 ,i publi%$ a little treatise1 entitl$1 8,c(fee1 z x is & z x ought to be10 9 :i*1 among o!r p>ticul>s1 ,i po9t$ out ! v>i\s sophi/ications practis$4 ,a compositor :o 0 engag$ 9 pr9t+ ! "w furni%$ me ) a rem>kable /atem5t 9 confirmation ( reports :i* ,i _h previ\sly he>d4 ,he /at$ t 9 v>i\s p>ts ( ! metropolis1 b m especially 9 ! ea/1 are to be f\nd liv] bak]s4 ,^! m5 take ! liv]s ( ox5 & horses1 bake !m1 & gr9d !m into a p[d]1 :i* !y sell to ! l[-pric$ c(fee-%op keep]s1 at f #d;d4 to #f;d4 p] p\nd2 horse-liv] c(fee be>+ ! highe/ price4 ,?is adult]ant may be kn[n by all[+ ! c(fee to /& until cold1 :5 a ?ick pellicle or sk9 w be f\nd on ! top4 ,x goes f>!r ?an c(fee1 & is g5]ally mix$ ) *icory & o!r vegetable imitations ( c(fee4 ,accord+ to ! inve/igations ( ,dr4 ,hassall 78,food & its ,adult]ations071 ! sev]al adult]ations ( c(fee may be di/+ui%$ by ! foll[+ *>act]s3 ,*icory1 by ! size1 =m1 & ready sep>ation ( ! compon5t cells ( ! root1 z well z by ! pres5ce ( an abundance ( spiral vessels ( ! dott$ =m4 ,roa/$ corn1 by ! size1 =m1 & o!r *>act]s ( ! />* granules1 ( :i* ! gra9s are pr9cipally compos$4 ,beans1 also1 by ! =m1 c41 ( ! con/itu5t granules ( />*4 ,potato1 by ! l>ge size1 r\nd$ =m1 & ready sep>ation ( ! cells ( ! cellulose1 z well z by ! fibr\s m>k+s on _! surfaces4 ,plate #c %[s a fragm5t ( roa/$ c(fee z se5 "u ! microscope1 magnifi$ #adj diamet]s1 & ! /ructures 9 a sample ( c(fee adult]at$ ) *icory4 ,dr4 ,norm&y1 9 8 evid5ce be=e ! ,p>liam5t>y ,committee on ! ,adult]ation ( ,food1 c41 /at$ t he _h met ) roa/$ corn 9 c(fee to an ext5t ( f #be to #cj p] c5t42 x is recognis$ by ! size & "* ( ! />* granules2 consi/s ( b>ley & rye1 & is g5]ally v easy to detect2 x floats up4 ,if c(fee has be5 adult]at$ ) roa/$ gra91 :5 y p\r boil+ wat] ^u x y w see ris+ aga9/ ! sides ( ! cup portions ( ! gr\nd gra91 :i* y sometimes c sep>ate 9 consid]able quantities1 by capill>y attraction4 ,if y p\r su* c(fee f ! c(fee-pot1 "s ( ^? gra9s w fall ) ! liquid 9 ! cup1 & !y w climb up1 z x 71 ! sides ( ! cup a qu>t] ( an in*1 or some?+ ( t k9d1 all r\nd1 & y c collect !m v easily4 ,dr4 ,r4 ,d4 ,?ompson1 ,f4,r4,s41 ano!r witness1 /at$ t a l>ge c>go ( lup9s f ,egypt hav+ be5 import$1 :i* c\ld n be made any use ( 9 consequ5ce ( _! bitt] ta/e1 he 0 ask$ to give a c]tificate 9 fav\r ( _! be+ equal to c(fee1 b decl9$1 & recomm5d$ t1 aft] /eep+1 to remove ! bitt] pr9ciple1 !y %\ld be sold = cattle4 ,he also add$ t he _h se5 an +5i\s app>atus = mak+ artificial c(fee-b]ries f *icory & o!r sub/ances2 x 0 some?+ l a bullet-m\ld1 & pat5t$ by ,messrs4 ,duckwor? ( ,liv]pool4 ,! *icory itself sold is n always pure4 ,! ,bo>d ( ,inl& ,rev5ue h f\nd1 on *emical exam9ation 9 diff]5t samples1 beans1 rye1 oats 7roa/$ & gr\nd71 c>amel or burnt sug>1 oxide ( iron & orange b]ries4 ,! pr9ciple conta9$ 9 c(fee1 rem>ks ,dr4 ,le!by1 may be consid]$ z ess5tial to life1 inasmu* z all nations ,illu/ration3 ,plate #c ,g5u9e ,gr\nd ,c(fee4 ,illu/ration3 ,c(fee ,adult]at$ ) ,*icory4 use x2 x prev5ts ! we> & te> ( ! body4 ,n[ !re is no?+ 9 *icory :i* c d t4 ,*emically !re is no diff]5ce betwe5 beetroot *icory & :at is call$ real *icory2 microscopically y c discov] ! diff]5ce4 ,if g5u9e c(fee is spr9kl$ ^u ! surface ( a tumbl] ( wat]1 x rema9s a consid]able "t float+1 & :5 x s9ks x only slightly col\rs ! wat]2 *icory1 on ! o!r h&1 s9ks quickly1 & col\rs ! wat] v deeply4 ,gr\nd c(fee is envelop$ 9 an oily sub/ance1 :i* prev5ts ! wat] absorb+2 *icory has no su* protection1 & s9ks imm$iately4 ,mr4 ,phillips1 ! *emi/ to ! ,inl& ,bo>d ( ,rev5ue1 /ates t ! av]age p]-c5tage ( *icory to c(fee1 :5 sold mix$1 0 f\nd to range f #bj to #af p] c5t4 ,at a rec5t meet+ ( ! ,briti% ,association ( ,sci5ce1 ,mr4 ,horsley call$ att5tion to ! use ( bi-*romate ( pota%1 9 analys+ adult]at$ samples ( c(fee4 ,) dilut$ solutions ( pure c(fee1 ?is salt produces an int5se deep port]-br[n coloration1 :il/ ^u decoctions ( *icory no effect is produc$4 ,he advis$ ! foll[+ proc$ure3 ,take equal p>ts ( *icory & c(fee1 & decoct !m 9 diff]5t quantities ( wat]4 ,filt]1 bottle1 & label ! liquids4 ,take a teaspoonful ( ! *icory1 & dilute till x is ( a br[n %]ry col\r2 boil x 9 a porcela9 di%1 ) a fragm5t ( cry/allis$ bi-*rome4 ,! col\r w be sc>cely deep5$4 ,if a simil>ly dilut$ solution ( c(fee is ?us treat$1 a deep-br[n t+e is obta9$4 ,by op]at+ ) mix$ liquids a scale ( col\rs may be obta9$ indicat+ ! prop]ties ( ! two sub/ances4 ,if a few gra9s ( ! sulphate ( copp] be add$1 bo? decoctions yield a precipitate2 t f *icory be+ a clay yell[1 & t f c(fee a sepia br[n4 ,mix$ decoctions yield int]m$iate t9ts4 ,,section ,,viii4 ,,culture ,,9 ,,! ,,we/ ,,indies ,,& ,,am]ica4 ,9 #agbj1 a small c(fee-plant1 rais$ 9 ! g>d5 ( ! ,k+ at ,p>is1 0 transport$ to ! ,antilles by ,capta9 ,declieux1 :o1 dur+ a long passage1 %>$ ea* day 8 small all[ance ( wat] ) ! "y c(fee plant4 ,f ?is tree h sprung all ^? s9ce cultivat$ 9 ,m>t9ique1 ,guadal\pe1 ,cay5ne1 ,/4 ,dom+o1 & ! o!r isl&s4 ,! fall ( ,/4 ,dom+o1 9 #aghi1 :i* =m]ly furni%$ #hj1jjj1jjj lbs41 ! disfav\r ! culture has fall5 into 9 ,m>t9ique & ,guadal\pe isl&s1 :i* us$ to supply #af1jjj1jjj or #ag1jjj1jjj lbs41 toge!r ) ! great] att5tion giv5 to sug> cultivation 9 ! ,we/ ,indies1 h transf]r$ ! production ( c(fee *iefly to ,brazil1 ,ceylon1 & ,java4 ,9 #ahja1 #ebf1jjj cwts4 ( c(fee 7 import$ into ,great ,brita9 f ! ,we/ ,indies1 & ! av]age annual imports 9 ! six ye>s end+ #ahjf 0 #cfd1jjj cwts4 ,! decrease ( production is %[n by ! foll[+ figures3 ---------------------------------------- ----------- #ahbi4 #ahej4 #ahfj4 ---------------------------------------- ----------- lbs4 lbs4 lbs4 ,jamaica #ah1fij1fed #d1aif1baj #f1ade1cfb ,briti% ,guiana #g1afc1jaf #ah1dgb -- ,tr9idad #gc1ffg #if1cgf -- ,dom9ica #idb1aac #gib #aj1jjj ,/4 ,lucia #cjc1dii #ci -- ---------------------------------------- ----------- ,,jamaica4--,! c(fee-plant is said to h be5 fir/ introduc$ into ,jamaica by ,sir ,ni*olas ,lawes1 9 #agbh1 :5 x 0 cultivat$ on an e/ate call$ ,temple ,hall1 on ! pla9s ( ,liguanea1 n f> f ,k+/on4 ,9 #ageb1 #f1jjj1jjj lbs4 ( c(fee 7 export$1 & 9 ! ?ree ye>s end+ #ahjg1 ! av]age annual %ipm5t 0 #bh1ejj1jjj lbs4 ,x 0 n until ! isl& trade 0 injur$ by ! dismemb]m5t ( ,honduras t ! heavy duties on sug>1 & ! competition ( ! ,fr5* colonies1 induc$ ! indu/ri\s plant]s to turn _! att5tion to c(fee4 ,!y !n petition$ = a protect+ b\nty1 & = a consid]able "t ?is 0 ! only ,briti% colony :]e its cultivation 0 mu* att5d$ to4 ,9 #agia !re 7 #fjg c(fee-plantations 9 ! isl&1 ) #ba1jjj negroes employ$ on !m4 ,9 #ahdd1 !re 7 #fga plantations1 & x 0 calculat$ t #bj1jjj1jjjl4 /]l+ 0 inve/$ 9 !m4 ,"s ( ! f9e/ & mo/ productive plantations 7 at an elevation ( #dgjj feet1 9 ! vic9ity ( ! ,blue ,m\nta9 ,peak4 ,:il/ 9 #ahji1 #hc1bej1jjj lbs4 ( c(fee 7 %ipp$ f ,jamaica1 ! av]age export = t5 ye>s pa/ has n exce$$ #f1jjj1jjj lbs4 ,9 ! ,we/ ,indies & ,c5tral ,am]ica a nurs]y ( "y plants is usually rais$ f se$4 ,at ! age ( six mon?s ^! are transplant$ into ! field 9 squ>es ( #h to #i feet ap>t4 ,beyond keep+ ! field cle> ( we$s1 giv+ ! plants a slight m\ld+1 & free+ !m ( suck]s or spr\ts1 !y d n require any o!r att5tion = ! fir/ ?ree ye>s4 ,at ! expiry ( ?is "t !y comm5ce to be> fruit1 & ! c(fee is cur$ ei!r by dry+ ! entire fruit 9 ! sun1 or by pass+ ! fruit ?r\gh :at is call$ a pulp+ mill1 :i* sep>ates ! out] pulp or cov]+ f ! beans4 ,! beans are !n subject$ to a wa%+ 9 a tank full ( wat]1 9 ord] to remove ! glut9\s sub/ance :i* adh]es to !m2 ?is causes !m to cure or dry m rapidly4 ,!y are !n left 9 :at is call$ ! p>*m5t husk1 & expos$ to ! action ( ! sun on plat=ms laid ) tiles1 until !y are p]fectly dri$1 & f ?is !y are1 dur+ crop "t1 spread on ! wood5 floors ( a build+ call$ a logie1 to ! dep?1 9 a heavy crop1 ( #ab to #ah in*es4 ,:il/ ?us spread1 great att5tion is necess>y to prev5t ! c(fee gett+ heat$ & its col\r de/roy$1 by con/antly turn+ x up1 & by ! use ( "s dry lime or a%es spr9kl$ ov] x4 ,aft] ?is ! beans are subject$ to ! op]ation ( :at is call$ a /amp+ mill1 :i* sep>ates ! p>*m5t husk f ! beans4 ,?is /amp+ mill is m]ely two l>ge solid :eels fix$ on ea* end ( a beam on an axle1 & work$ by mules mov+ r\nd 9 a circle--! wood5 :eels work+ 9 a circul> tr\gh fill$ ) ! c(fee beans4 ,aft] ?is ! :ole are submitt$ to ! action ( a w9n[+ ma*9e1 :i* sep>ates ! *aff f ! beans1 & subsequ5tly ! beans are pass$ ?r\gh copp] sieves to sep>ate ! p]fect f ! brok5 c(fee1 & f9ally h&pick$ & put into bags or casks = %ipm5t4 ,,briti% ,,guiana4--,c(fee 0 = a l5g? ( "t almo/ ! only /aple ( ,b]bice & ,dem]>a1 b ! cultivation ( ! sug>-cane has be5 sub/itut$ = x4 ,! quantity ( c(fee1 ! produce ( ,briti% ,guiana1 export$ 9 #ahcj 01 #i1dgb1gef lbs42 9 #ahdj1 #c1ceg1cjj lbs42 9 #ahdi1 #ajj1eej lbs42 & 9 #ahej1 #cj1jjj lbs42 s9ce :i* x has almo/ ceas$ to be export$1 sc>cely suffici5t be+ produc$ to supply ! dem& 9 ! colony4 ,at "o "t !re 7 ab\t two hundr$ c(fee plantations 9 ! small isl& ( ,,dom9ica1 & f\r to five million ( p\nds ( c(fee 7 export$ annually to ,great ,brita94 ,,porto ,,rico4--,9 proportion to its ext5t1 ?is isl& is twice z productive z ,cuba1 & ! quality ( its c(fee & o!r produce is ( ! highe/ class4 ,!re 71 9 #ahfb1 fifty-?ree c(fee plantations on ! isl&1 produc+ ab\t #ajj1jjj cwt4 ( c(fee4 ,! exports ( c(fee 71 9 lbs4 #ahee #aa1ejf1bhc #ahef #i1ice1jjj #aheg #h1bde1jjj #aheh #i1had1jjj #ahei #ac1deg1jjj ,! exports ( c(fee f ! isl& ( ,,cuba1 :i* 7 9 #ahdj upw>ds ( #b1jjj1jjj arrobas1 7 9 #aheh b #ba1jjj2 & 9 #ahei1 #ejjj or #fjjj4 ,,brazil4--,! c(fee-plant has be5 kn[n 9 ,brazil = _m ye>s2 x is b ab\t fifty ye>s1 h[ev]1 s9ce ! fir/ regul> plantation 0 made by ,mr4 ,moke1 a ,belgian1 :o br\ght ! cultivation ( c(fee to great p]fection4 ,8 plantation is /ill 9 ! neighb\rhood ( ! capital1 & is c>ri$ on by 8 son ) mu* success4 ,x is a/oni%+ to :at an ext5t c(fee has be5 cultivat$ s9ce ,mr4 ,moke fir/ made 8 plantation4 ,two millions ( bags ( #afj lbs4 ea* are annually export$ f ,rio de ,janeiro1 tak+ ! av]age ( ! la/ sev5 ye>s2 #ahfb 01 h[ev]1 %ort ( ?is ab\t half a million bags4 ,at ,b>ahyba d ,sul1 :i* is )9 a few miles ( ,rio1 !re are plantations employ+ six & sev5 hundr$ slaves4 ,! be/ plantations are ^? own$ & conduct$ by =eign]s--*iefly ,engli%1 ,fr5*1 & ,belgian--!y h an air ( neatness & com=t ab\t !m ( :i* ^? own$ by ,brazilians & ,portuguese are totally de/itute4 ,! =eign]s use improv$ ma*9]y also 9 prep>+ ! b]ry = m>ket1 :i* ! ,brazilians1 ) "s exceptions1 d n4 ,! c(fee-b]ry conta9s two se$s1 cov]$ ) a gummy1 mucilag9\s sub/ance1 & enclos$ 9 a sk9 :i* is ?ick1 sweet1 & d>k & r$ :5 ripe4 ,! =eign]s take (f ?is sk9 by means ( ma*9]y1 & ! beans are wa%$ until !y are dive/$ ( ! mucilage :i* cov]s !m4 ,!y are !n dri$ & put into bags ready = m>ket4 ,! ,brazilians dry ! beans ) ! sk9 on4 ,9 ! process ( dry+1 ! sk9 fir/ becomes d>k1 & f9ally black1 & :5 crisp1 is rubb$ (f ! bean1 :i* is !n wa%$4 ,9 ?is process1 h[ev]1 !re is great dang] ( f]m5tation4 ,! sk9 conta9s a va/ am\nt ( sac*>9e matt]1 & successful attempts h be5 made to extract f x sug> & _s2 b ei!r ?r\gh poor ma*9]y1 or o!r mismanagem5t1 x 0 f\nd to be unpr(itable1 & ! exp]im5t 0 ab&on$4 ,! sk9 is exce$+ly sweet1 almo/ z mu* s to ! ta/e z ! sug>-cane4 ,! c(fee-plant c be propagat$ f ! se$1 b ! mo/ preval5t me?od 9 ,brazil is by "y plants1 :i* may be _h by ! ?\s& on old plantations4 ,! "y %rub is tak5 up 9 ,augu/--g5]ally :5 x is ab\t two ye>s old--& plant$ 9 good soil4 ,! f\r? ye> x produces c(fee1 & ! fif? ye> x comm5ces to be> regul> crops1 ! yield be+ f a p\nd & a half to ?ree p\nds p] tree4 ,trees h be5 kn[n to la/ = _m ye>s on good ri* soil1 & "s on ,mr4 ,moke's plantation are /ill be>+ :i* 7 plant$ =ty ye>s ago2 on hill-sides1 h[ev]1 :]e ! soil is light1 ! plant decays 9 ! c\rse ( eight or t5 ye>s4 ,! pick+ season comm5ces 9 ,july1 & 9 ! l[ l&s g5]ally concludes by ! end ( ,augu/2 among ! hills1 h[ev]1 :]e !re are frequ5t %[]s1 & :]e !re is mu* %ade1 ! season does n close until "s "t 9 ,septemb]4 ,! f\r c(fee-gr[+ prov9ces ( ,brazil1 prop]ly speak+1 are ,rio de ,janeiro1 ,san ,paulo1 ,m9as1 & ,bahia4 ,9 ! two =m] ! agriculturi/s h = "s "t pa/ direct$ _! att5tion almo/ exclusively to ?is article4 ,9 ,bahia its cultivation is /eadily1 al?\gh sl[ly1 increas+4 ,c(fee is gr[n 9 ! prov9ces ( ,m>anham1 ,p>ana1 & ,/4 ,ca!r9e's1 b only to a v small ext5t1 ! am\nt produc$ be+ insuffici5t to meet ! dem&4 ,! cultivation ( c(fee is rapidly increas+ 9 ,/4 ,paulo1 & is promot$ by ! railroad ext5d+ f ,santos to ,jundiahy4 ,! ,unit$ ,/ates usually takes "o-half ( ! crop ( ,brazil c(fee4 ,! foll[+ figures give ! av]age quantity ( c(fee export$ f ! empire ( ,brazil dur+ ! und]m5tion$ ye>s1 compris+ a p]iod previ\s & subsequ5t to ! abolition ( ! slave trade 9 #ahea1 & %[+ a /eady increase 9 ! export s9ce #ahdj3 ,annual av]age4 arrobas4 #ahdj-dc #e1ejg1cfg #ahdc-df #f1eai1chj #ahdf-di #i1cja1ifg #ahdi-eb #h1edb1ife #aheb-ee #aj1edi1hdg #ahee-eh #aa1dfe1gai #aheh-fa #aj1eja1ffe ,! ye>ly %ipm5ts f ,rio 9 ! la/ f\r ye>s h be5 z foll[s3 bags4 #ahei #b1jfd1hcg #ahfj #b1aej1ahh #ahfa #b1jhe1igd #ahfb #a1dgg1ijd besides #bjj1jjj to #cjj1jjj bags annually f ,santos4 ,! bags conta9 r m ?an six arrobas1 or "o cwt4 & a half4 ,,co/a ,,rica4--,! quality ( ?is c(fee is recognis$ z excell5t4 ,9 ord] to place x 9 a prop] degree ( e/imation 9 =eign m>kets1 "s proprietors ( plantations h n omitt$ gett+ x *emically analys$ 9 ,europe2 ! result ( :i* exam9ation has class$ x 9 ! ?ird degree1 among ^? k9ds g5]ally e/eem$ z ! be/4 ,! foll[+ figures %[ ! production ( c(fee 9 ,co/a ,rica2 ! bulk ( ! crop is s5t to ,great ,brita93 cwts4 #ahed #gj1jjj #ahee #gj1gji #ahef #hc1jjj #aheg #ie1jjj ,,v5ezuela4--,)9 ! la/ ?irty ye>s ,v5ezuela has made great progress 9 c(fee culture4 ,! exports1 :i* 7 n m ?an #ac1jjj1jjj lbs4 9 #ahcc1 _h ris5 to #ae1jjj1jjj lbs4 9 #ahej2 b s9ce !n ! culture has be5 mu* int]f]$ ) by civil w>4 ,! exports f ,la ,guayra 71 9 #ahee1 #ag1cge1jjj lbs42 9 #ahef1 #ab1ceg1jjj lbs42 & 9 #aheg1 #af1jca1jjj lbs4 ,wa%$ c(fee sells !re at #hs4 p] cwt4 high] ?an ! unwa%$4 ,9 ,v5ezuela1 ! plan foll[$ 9 dry+ ! c(fee is ?is4 ,! b]ries are spread out ^u hurdles 9 ! sun1 :]e !y und]go ! v9\s f]m5tation f f\rte5 to tw5ty days1 & !n dry4 ,! beans are fre$ f ! pulpy husk by a mill 9 two op]ations1 & f ! p>*m5t1 c41 by w9n[+4 ,al?\gh a s+le tree may be> z mu* z #aj to #bj lbs41 ! av]age 9 ,v5ezuela is "u #b lbs4 ,an acre plant$ ) #befj trees yields !re an annual crop ( ab\t #aajj lbs4 ( dry beans4 ,9 ,,ecuador c(fee has ( late greatly engross$ ! att5tion ( plant]s1 f its sup]ior quality & ! increas$ dem&2 x comm&s a high] price ?an any o!r product ( ! c\ntry 9 proportion4 ,z ! p are ev]y:]e d$icat+ !mselves to its culture1 9 a few ye>s x is probable t ?is c\ntry w export a consid]able quantity4 ,9 #ahee1 #ggf cwt4 only 7 %ipp$2 9 #ahfa1 al?\gh ! h>ve/ 0 exce$+ly scanty1 ! exports 7 #adhj cwt4 ,,guatemala4--,"s tw5ty ye>s ago consid]able plantations ( c(fee 7 made 9 diff]5t p>ts ( ! republic ( ,guatemala1 & _h ! und]tak+ be5 foll[$ up ) prop] & /eady con/ancy & att5tion1 x might1 p]haps1 by ?is "t1 h become an important article ( export4 ,un=tunately its culture 0 ab&on$1 ow+ to ! insurrections ( ! ,indian population4 ,"s attempts h be5 made aga9 to introduce its culture by mak+ fre% plantations1 b hi!rto n to any ext5t wor?y ( m5tion4 ,! exports ( c(fee 9 #ahfj 7 ab\t #fc tons4 ,9 ! dep>tm5t ( ,v]a ,paz1 !re are said to be n[ ab\t half a million ( c(fee plants 9 be>+1 & nurs]ies ( ab\t a million m plants w soon be ready = transplant+4 ,! great] "p ( ! plantations are situat$ 9 ! neighb\rhood ( ,coban1 :]e ! vic9ity ( ,teleman1 on ! riv] ,polo*ec1 :i* disembogues into ! gulf ( ,dulce1 af=ds a conv5i5t *annel = %ipp+ ! produce4 ,,section ,,ix4 ,,culture ,,9 ,,arabia4 ,! culture ( c(fee is pr9cipally c>ri$ on 9 ,yem51 t[>ds ! di/ricts ( ,ad5 & ,mo*a4 ,! ne>e/ c(fee plantations are ab\t eighty miles f ,ad54 ,! c(fee-gr[+ c\ntry 9 ! ,yem5 is #cjj miles to ! s\? ( ,j$dah1 be+ ! di/ricts ab\t ,tohira1 ,uodeida1 & ,tanaa4 ,( ?is1 ! ,turks h b little1 _! au?ority only ext5d+ ov] ! n>r[ slip call$ ! ,tehana1 9 :i* is little c(fee4 ,!y _h till lately ! export dues ( all ! c(fee gr[n 9 ,we/]n ,arabia1 b !y h lo/ a great "p ( !m1 a l>ge quantity ( c(fee be+ s5t to ,ad5 = exportation4 ,mo*a1 ! anci5t port & capital1 has completely fall51 & is 9 ru9s4 ,its place is tak5 by ,uodeida1 ! seat ( gov]nm5t ( ! ,yem51 & a ,pa%alic "u ,j$dah4 ,9 #ahfj1 c(fee to ! value ( #ad1bfhl4 0 import$ into ,ad5 by sea1 ( #ee1gajl4 0 br\ght by l&1 & #de1cddl4 0 export$4 ,an enorm\s quantity is consum$ 9 ,arabia4 ,v little g5u9e ,yem5 c(fee is procurable 9 ,europe4 ,x is difficult to obta9 ev5 9 ,j$dah4 ,x is fir/ mix$ 9 ! ,yem5 ) inf]ior ,abyss9ian c(fee1 !n mix$ at ,j$dah ) damag$ c(fee1 & probably 9 ,egypt x is aga9 mix$4 ,alex&ria & ,cairo are notori\s = bad c(fee4 ,x has be5 und]/ood = sev]al ye>s t mu* ( ! c(fee :i* f9ds its way into ,engl& z g5u9e ,mo*a is1 9 reality1 ,malab> c(fee1 s5t to ports on ! ,p]sian ,gulf f ,bombay1 & :5 ?us naturalis$1 f9d+ its way to ,europe4 ,b ! c(fee ( ,india is n[ compet+ successfully ) t ( ,arabia 9 m>kets :i* ! latt] _h = c5turies comm&$ z its own4 ,9 a few ye>s ! ,indian article w entirely surpass ! ,arabian4 ,x is ! old /ory ( ent]prise orig9at$ & direct$ by ,europeans driv+ competition out ( ! m>ket4 ,see+ t ! ,arabs are 9 ! habit ( bak+ ! c[-dung & cakes = food on ! same wall1 !y _c be suspect$ ( any viol5t antipa?y to dirt p] se4 ,b1 passionate lov]s z !y are ( a good cup ( c(fee1 !y c easily und]/& t an equal quantity ( well-clean$ ,malab> c(fee is *eap] ?an t br\ght 9 ! buggal[s ( ! ,nijd ,arabs1 & :i* is describ$ z full ( extrane\s matt]1 su* z pieces ( ! c(fee-husk1 c4 ,b ! ,indian c(fee is actually sold *eap]1 quantity = quantity4 ,! consumption ( ,yem5 c(fee is n[ entirely conf9$ to ! weal?i] *iefs2 ! f9e/ k9d1 & t mo/ s\ght aft]1 be+ ! small1 ( a light-gre5 col\r4 ,latt]ly1 ! ,yem5 c(fee has be5 all s5t to ,bagdad1 a complim5t :i* ! anci5t city ( ! ,sultans _c fail to appreciate at its true value4 ,x is too de> & too dirty = ! poor ,arabs ( ,bussorah1 :ile ! flav\r ( ! ,malab> k9d is f\nd closely to approximate to t ( ,yem54 ,! c(fee is g5]ally gr[n half way up ! slopes ( ! hills1 b "s is cultivat$ on l[] gr\nd1 surr\nd$ by l>ge trees = %ade4 ,! h>ve/ is ga!r$ at ?ree p]iods ( ! ye>1 ! pr9cipal be+ 9 ,may4 ,clo?s are spread "u ! trees1 :i* are %ak51 t ! ripe fruit may drop4 ,! b]ries are !n collect$ & expos$ to ! sun on mats to dry4 ,a heavy roll] is aft]w>ds pass$ ov] ! b]ries1 to break ! envelopes1 & ! husk is w9n[$ away ) a fan4 ,! b]ries are fur!r dri$ be=e be+ /or$4 ,arabian c(fee 0 fir/ cultivat$ by ! ,dut*1 & "s ( _! plants s5t by ! ,fr5* to ! ,we/ ,indies1 :]e x is n[ successfully cultivat$4 ,s t "o has a difficulty 9 decid+ :]e x is indig5\s1 z x is a mu* m important article ( agriculture 9 ! ,we/ ,indies1 ,java1 ,ceylon1 & ,s\!rn ,india1 ?an 9 its native c\ntries4 ,9 ,syria ! c(fee-plant is ( natural gr[?2 b z ! ,european writ]s :o 7 engag$ 9 ! ,crusades d n m5tion x1 x c\ld n h be5 mu* us$ dur+ ! twelf? & ?irte5? c5turies4 ,bruce affirms t ! qualities ( x 7 well kn[n 9 ,africa1 & t ! ,gallae1 a w&]+ tribe1 :i* 0 oblig$ to trav]se ! des]ts1 c>ri$ no o!r provision ?an balls comp\nd$ ( c(fee & butt]1 "o ( :i* w\ld keep !m 9 heal? & spirits ?r\gh a day's j\rney bett] ?an any o!r k9d ( food4 ,9 ! ,royal ,libr>y at ,p>is is an ,arabian manuscript1 conta9+ a volum9\s hi/ory ( c(fee1 9 :i* x is said t ,gemal$d9-,ah\-,abdallah1 ,mufti ( ,ad51 fir/ introduc$ its use among ! ,turks1 ^u 8 return f ,p]sia1 :]e he _h exp]i5c$ ! b5eficial effects ( x z a common bev]age4 ,! eff5di1 ! kadi1 & all ! inf]ior (fic]s ( ! gov]nm5t1 foll[$ ! example ( ?is *ief ( ! law4 ,! use ( c(fee desc5d$ ?r\gh ! h>em to ! h\se ( e m]*ant1 & ! t[n ( ,ad5 set ! example to ! re/ ( ,arabia4 ,,section ,x4 ,,cultivation ,,9 ,,ceylon4 ,9 #ahbd1 ,sir ,edw>d ,b>nes & ,sir ,george ,bird comm5c$ c(fee-plant+ 9 ,ceylon on a l>ge scale4 ,o!rs foll[$ gradually1 b ! real ru% = l& dates f #ahcc4 ,!re are n[ #bej1jjj acres own$ by c(fee-plant]s1 ( :i* #ajj1jjj are cle>$ & cultivat$4 ,9 ,ceylon c(fee succe$s be/ at an elevation f #abjj to #dhjj feet2 ! quantity1 g5]ally speak+1 less5+1 b ! quality improv+ ) ! elevation4 ,by ! natives a little ( inf]ior description is gr[n 9 ! l[ c\ntry4 ,9 #ahee !re 7 ab\t #aej e/ates belong+ to ,europeans1 compris+ #cj1jjj acres ( cultivat$ gr\nd1 to :i* consid]able additions h s9ce be5 made4 #djj1jjj cwt4 0 export$ 9 #ahec1 & #ghc1cic cwt4 9 #ahfc4 ,! railroad =m+ f ,colombo to ,k&y1 & ! op5+ up ( new roads1 h r5d]$ m l& accessible1 & ! l>ge cle>ances made 9 ! =e/ at ! high elevations w probably s improve ! climate ( ^? localities t a /ill fur!r addition to ! available l& w be obta9$4 ,x is1 !re=e1 n too mu* to expect ! export1 :i* 9 ! la/ five ye>s has on ! av]age exce$$ #fcj1jjj cwt4 p] annum1 w 9 less ?an a qu>t] ( a c5tury be m ?an d\bl$4 ,9 ! f\rte5 ye>s end+ ) #ahfb1 ,ceylon has s5t into ! m>kets ( ! _w ! foll[+ quantity ( c(fee3 cwts4 ,plantation #d1fbe1iie ( ! value ( #aa1caj1eah ,native gr[? #a1ide1fbc 8 #c1dib1bij --------- ---------- #f1ega1fah #ad1hjb1hjh ,elevation mu/ ev] be an important consid]ation2 ?\gh we h no d\bt t by ! use ( manures c(fee might be made to d well & be> to a limit$ ext5t at ! level ( ! sea 9 ,ceylon4 ,we believe ?is to be1 h[ev]1 s completely artificial1 t x w nev] aga9 be tri$ :il/ l& is available f #aejj feet & upw>ds ( elevation1 :]e ! plant gr[s vigor\sly )\t m ?an ord9>y c>e be+ be/[$4 ,! g5]al effect ( elevation may be describ$ v %ortly2 ! l[] ranges1 ) fair soil1 produce ! heavie/ crops & ! soone/ aft] plant+1 :il/ ! plantations on high] elevations produce small] crops1 b a f9] quality ( produce1 & take a long] "t to come into full be>+4 ,!re are _m circum/ances :i* g to produce climate1 besides diff]5ces ( elevation4 ,on a plantation =m$ 9 a l>ge di/rict ( =e/ yet uncle>$1 ! climate w be cold] & m moi/ ?an :5 ! =mation ( o!r e/ates has cle>$ away ! =e/ ar\nd x4 ,! proximity ( a high m\nta9 peak1 or be+ situat$ on ! %\ld] ( a m\nta9 :i* t[]s to a great elevation above ! level ( ! plantation1 w also produce m cold & wet ?an if ! g>d5 7 op5$ on a l[] range & to ! full height ( su* a position4 ,plate #d1 = in/ance1 %[s su* a locality 9 ! view ( ,konda-galla e/ate1 ne> ,neura-ellia1 ,ceylon4 ,at l[ elevations long cont9u$ dry wea!r is m frequ5t ?an on ! high] ranges1 inasmu* z ! cl\ds are frequ5tly brok5 by ! di/ant hills be=e !y rea*2 & :5 !re is no ra9 ab\t1 e/ates on ! high] ranges are less p>*$1 & atmosph]ically enjoy a moi/ure ( :i* ! l[] hills are de/itute4 ,/ill ^! v>i\s conditions are only advantage\s or hurtful "u v>y+ circum/ances2 high elevation1 cold & wet1 & l[ elevation1 heat1 & dr\ght1 are alike unfav\rable z prevail+ *>act]i/ics2 x is _! due & seasonable admixture ,illu/ration3 ,plate #d4--,konda-galla ,e/ate1 ne> ,neura-ellia1 ,ceylon4 :i* is f\nd mo/ fav\rable to ! pr(itable production ( ! c(fee-plant4 ,p]haps ! lea/ fav\rable localities are ^? high positions :]e ! natural vegetation is ( ! alp9e "*2 9 su* positions ! plant w only /ruggle = an exi/5ce2 x !re=e foll[s t ! l& select$ %\ld be well "u ^! extreme elevations4 ,soil ( all k9ds has _h its advocates1 & 9 turn be5 condemn$ by all4 ,dep? & fre5ess are p]haps its mo/ fav\rable /ates2 d>k black m\ld is always good2 b :]ev] !re is suffici5cy ( dep? f\nd b5ea? a virg9 =e/1 at ! prop] elevation & climate1 c(fee has come on successfully4 ,! l& :i* has by g5]al op9ion be5 condemn$ z unfit = cont9u$ production is t cov]$ ) small jungle aft] ! orig9al =e/ has be5 cut d[n1 & ! l& made to produce a ri* crop = ! natives4 ,p]haps x may be ! exposure ( ! soil to ! sun1 & exhau/ion by ! l>ge we$s :i* x produces1 :i* are s injuri\s to x4 ,! mod]n sy/em ( manur+ is rapidly equalis+ ! value ( all soils1 ?\gh deep l&s on a lime/one bottom1 or /rew$ ) granite b\ld]s1 are always consid]$ highly fav\rable = c(fee cultivation4 ,! proximity ( l& to roads is a po9t ( great importance 9 its selection1 bo? z directly & indirectly affect+ ! outlay 9 =m+ a plantation1 & probably = a long "t det]m9+ ! l>ge item ( exp5se "u ! head ( transport ( produce4 ,fell+ & cle>+1 z ! "n implies1 is cutt+ d[n ! jungle & burn+ x (f1 s z to leave ! l& cle> = plant+4 ,x is conduct$ z foll[s4 ,beg9n+ f ! l[] "p ( ! l& & work+ upw>ds1 ! und]gr[?1 or small jungle1 is cut d[n ) catties or bill-hooks1 leav+ ! =e/ trees free & op5 = ! lab\rs ( ! axem54 ,likewise beg9n+ f ! l[e/ "p ( ! field1 ! lab\r]s1 g5]ally village ,s+halese1 :o are extremely exp]t at ?is "w1 cut ! trees ne>ly ?r\gh by not*es at ! l[] & upp] sides1 gradually retir+ up ! hill1 until a tree ( l>g] dim5sions is cut1 & be+ s5t d[n1 cra%es all ! o!rs b5ea? x4 ,:5 ?is is clev]ly manag$1 sev]al acres w (t5 be op5$ to ! daylight at "o "t2 mu*1 h[ev]1 dep5ds ^u ! /eepness ( ! asc5t & ! heav9ess ( ! =e/4 ,on ! highe/ elevations ! trees are smalle/1 & come d[n lighte/1 & on ! l[] elevations x may frequ5tly happ5 t = acres & acres ! trees are ( t imm5se size t e log has requir$ f\r m5 to cut x f ! /ump4 ,n unfrequ5tly "s ( ^! trees h su* project+ roots t ! axem5 h to erect /ages ar\nd !m to rea* ! ord9>y trunk1 :i* w ea* give employm5t = six h\rs to f\r m5 to cut ?r\gh4 ,aft] ! trees h be5 fell$1 ! lopp+ has to be att5d$ to2 ?is is to cut (f all ! tops & bran*es1 & 9 "s cases to cut ! trunks across1 s t ! mass cut d[n may lay compactly & dry1 z ^u ?is dep5ds mu* ( ! success ( ! burn+1 &1 !re=e1 ! economy ( ! op]ation4 ,small or light =e/ is (t5 ! mo/ exp5sive to lop1 f ! lifeless fall ( ! trees1 & ! comp>atively great] quantity ( head & bran*2 :]eas tall & heavy =e/ trees fly z x 7 "u ! axe f ! /ump1 & 9 fall+ break !mselves & all b5ea? !m2 9 ?is mann] "s heavy =e/s co/ less to cle> ?an a light] gr[?4 ,! cle>+ hav+ be5 left f six weeks to ab\t two mon?s1 accord+ to ! wea!r1 is fir$1 :i* is done g5]ally by sett+ fire to x *iefly at ! l[] ends 9 sev]al places2 by ?is means ! fire is soon connect$1 & burn+ 9 ! drye/ or fir/ cut d[n portions1 unites 9 a sweep+ flame1 ru%es up ! hill1 de/roy+ all be=e x2 su* is ! p[] ( ! flame f bel[1 t :5 ! burn+ is successful ! "p la/ cut1 probably _m acres1 & yet ly+ gre5 ^u ! gr\nd1 is consum$ ) ! re/4 ,aft] ! flame has pass$ away1 no?+ %\ld be se5 b ! smok+ black logs ( ! l>ge trees1 :i*1 :]ev] !y cross ea* o!r & d n lay ^u ! gr\nd1 require to be cut across & br\ght d[n4 ,if ! op]ation has be5 successfully manag$1 ! l& is n[ 9 read9ess = ! next op]ation--,l9+1 or /ak+ out ! positions ( ! int5d$ plants4 ,?is is p]=m$ 9 _m ways1 b x is ess5tial to h x done well1 t ! plants %\ld make p]fect l9es across ! gr\nd to be plant$1 9 ord] to ma9ta9 regul>ity 9 ! plantation "w1 & give ! be/ possible appe>ance to ! field2 !re=e no exp5se necess>y to ensure its correct & workmanlike p]=mance %\ld be grudg$4 ,! simple/ me?od is by means ( a l9e1 ) m>ks plac$ at equal di/ances = ! spaces betwe5 ! plants up ! hill4 ,?is c>ri$ by m5 at ea* end1 :o respectively measure a di/ance ) a rod = t purpose f ! la/ peg1 & hold+ ! l9e taught f end to end2 boys foll[+ ) pegs ready cut put !m 9 at ! m>ks on ! l9e4 ,?is me?od is likely to lead to inaccuracy on a l>ge feature1 9 consequ5ce ( ! irregul>ity ( ! gr\nd1 & f ! small inaccuracies accumulat+ 9 ! measurem5t betwe5 ea* lay+ d[n ( ! l9e4 ,a bett] way is to lay out a feature 9 squ>es ( ! l9e1 & ^! into p>allels across ! feature1 & !n drop ! l9e betwe5 ea* peg on ! p>allels1 putt+ 9 ! rema9+ pegs by ! m>ks on ! l9e4 ,"s plant]s h an excell5t plan ( lay+ d[n a numb] ( l9es up & d[n ! hill at measur$ di/ances1 & !n two m5 ) a %ort] l9e measure di/ances upw>ds on ! two outside l9es1 & peg-m5 put 9 _! /icks at ! po9ts :]e ! l9es cross ea* o!r4 ,we h se5 "s plantations laid out by ! use ( ! !odolite1 b ?is is n an in/rum5t to be f\nd on _m e/ates4 ,! object to be ga9$ 9 l9+ is to c>ry ! plants 9 /raight l9es p>allel to ea* o!r1 at ! same be>+ ov] ! :ole e/ate1 & to make !m cross ea* o!r at "r angles2 by ?is means l9es w be =m$ f\r ways1 at ! two "r angles & at ! two diagonals4 ,:5 ?is has be5 successfully a*iev$1 !re is1 "u any circum/ances1 a workmanlike "* ab\t ! plantation2 vacancies 9 ! plant+ are m easily detect$1 ! arrangem5ts = we$+1 pick+1 prun+1 & manur+ are made )\t confusion4 ,diagonal l9es across ! features ( l& are said to be be/1 inasmu* z ! /ems ( ! trees by ?is arrangem5t (f] some:at m resi/ance to ! wa%+ d[n ( soil by ! ra9s4 ,mu* argum5t has be5 held z to ! prop] di/ances at :i* c(fee-trees %\ld be plant$2 & 9 visit+ ! v>i\s di/ricts x w be se5 t all di/ances & all =ms h be5 resort$ to4 ,! result ( ?is ext5d$ exp]im5t has produc$ a v g5]al op9ion 9 fav\r ( close plant+2 t is1 #f feet by #f feet1 or #e feet by #f feet1 or #d feet #i in*es by #e feet4 ,! reasons 9 fav\r ( close plant+ are ^!1 t ! extra numb] ( plants to ! acre is foll[$ 9 ! fir/ two crops at lea/ by a proportionate increase ( crop4 ,by close plant+ we$s are h9d]$ f gr[+1 &1 :at is ( m consequ5ce /ill1 ! gr\nd is soon] cov]$ by ! gr[+ plants1 & !re=e protect$ f ! sun1 exposure to :i* is f\nd to impov]i% m ?an any?+ else ! surface soil1 f :i* ! plant *iefly seeks its n\ri%m5t4 ,) an av]age good soil1 & c>eful h&l+ ( ! trees & manur+1 x is f\nd t closely-plant$ c(fee may be made to cont9ue to be> highly2 t is1 9 proportion to ! extra numb] ( plants to ! acre4 ,close plant+ is s]viceable 9 enabl+ ! plants to outlive ! effect ( exposure to high w9ds1 :i* 9 "s places are mo/ de/ructive4 ,! next proce$+ is hol+ 7:i*1 z its "n implies1 is to make holes 9 prep>ation = plant+ ! c(fee1 at ! di/ances /ak$ out by ! l9+74 ,z c(fee is plant$ 9 a virg9 soil1 :i* _c be cle>$ ( roots1 rocks1 & logs1 = ! op]ation ( ! pl\gh1 & 7 x cle>$ ( ^! ! di/urbance ( ! soil w\ld probably cause x to be c>ri$ away by ! heavy ra9s2 holes h to be made1 & ! l>g] ^! are1 ! ne>] ! approa* is to t movem5t ( ! soil1 :i* 9 g5]al sets at lib]ty its f]tilis+ prop]ties4 ,holes are made f #ah in*es to #b feet e way1 into :i* be=e plant+ ! surface soil is scrap$ ) a hoe4 ,x is cu/om>y to contract = ?is "w1 :i* ,i believe is g5]ally p]=m$ n[ ) a sort ( cr[b> hav+ a spud blade at "o end2 ) ^! ! roots ( trees are cut ?r\gh & rocks & /ones tak5 out1 ! loos5$ soil be+ remov$ ) ! h& or ) a cocoa-nut %ell4 ,?is tool is furni%$ to ! ,s+halese because !y pref] to sit d[n & "w leisurely1 b :]e m5 c be employ$ at day-wages1 & provid$ ) mattocks to break ! soil & cut out ! roots & /ones1 & hoes to cle> out ! loos5$ e>?1 ! same "w may be f> m economically p]=m$1 inasmu* z ! lab\r]s be+ on _! feet give n only _! arms1 b _! :ole body1 to ! ex]tion1 & h n to raise !mselves f a sitt+ position betwe5 ea* hole !y h to make4 ,,section ,,xi4 ,,build+s1 ,,plant+1 c41 ,,9 ,,ceylon4 ,^! comprise a bungal[ = ! manag]1 l9es1 or huts1 = ! lab\r]s1 & pulp+-h\se & /ore = ! prep>ation & reception ( ! crop4 ,plate #e %[s ! ma9 works & build+s at ,messrs4 ,worms' e/ates1 ,puselawa1 ,ceylon4 ,! position ( ! pulp+-h\se %\ld influ5ce ! selection ( ! spots = ! o!r build+s1 unless o!r circum/ances det]m9e x4 ,! bungal[ %\ld1 if possible1 be an easy di/ance f ! /ore1 t ! manag] may )\t difficulty sup]9t5d ! "w1 :i* at crop "t is go+ on (t5 at night z well z 9 ! daytime4 ,"o set ( l9es = ! lab\r]s1 = ! same reason1 %\ld be ne> to ! /ore1 ano!r set may be erect$ m c5trically ) ref]5ce to ! field lab\r ( ! e/ate4 ,) ref]5ce to l9es & bungal[1 especially ! latt]1 !y w be erect$ accord+ to ! manag]'s ta/e1 & 9 a great measure dep5d ^u ! mat]ial to be obta9$ 9 ! p>ticul> locality = con/ruct+ !m4 ,true economy w be practis$ 9 mak+ p]man5t & sub/antial dwell+s :i* w require only slight repairs occasionally4 ,! selection ( ! l& = ! pulp+-h\se & /ores & dry+-gr\nd is all important1 & %\ld only be attempt$ by a resid5t manag] to :om a long resid5ce on ! plantation has af=d$ an intimate acqua9tance ) e feature ( ! l&4 ,! advantages :i* h to be ,illu/ration3 ,plate #e4--,ma9 ,works at ,messrs4 ,worms' ,e/ates1 ,puselawa1 ,ceylon4 ,illu/ration3 ,plate #f4--,! ,pulp+ ,h\se1 ,messrs4 ,worms' ,e/ate1 ,puselawa4 s\ght & comb9$ are1 availability ( wat] p[]1 bo? to drive ! ma*9]y & = a wat]-c\rse to ! pulp]1 on a site conv5i5t to ! fields f :i* ! crop is to be br\ght1 & s level t x may be fitt$ = its purposes at ! lea/ possible exp5se4 ,wat] p[] is n always us$1 nor is x available on e e/ate2 b z !re may be (t5 good reasons to adopt x aft]w>ds1 x %\ld always be consid]$ 9 ! prim>y arrangem5ts4 ,x may be appli$ to s _m economic objects--saw-mills1 dry+ app>atus1 c4--t x %\ld always be appli$1 if possible1 to ev]y?+ und]tak5 on ! e/ate requir+ a mov+ p[]4 ,plate #f is an ext]ior view ( a pulp+-h\se on ,messrs4 ,worms' e/ates1 ,puselawa4 ,c(fee :5 ga!r$ f ! tree fully ripe is l a ri* sc>let *]ry1 out ( :i* on be+ squeez$ two c(fee-b]ries break =?1 ea* cov]$ ) a light sk9 resembl+ p>*m5t1 & moi/1 ) a sweet mucilag9\s fluid :i* rapidly decomposes4 ,! ma*9e call$ a pulp] is = ! purpose ( remov+ ! *]ry sk9 or husk2 ?is x does by pass+ x betwe5 a b>rel arm$ ) p]=at$ copp]1 =m+ a grat]1 & a %>p-edg$ bo>d call$ ! *op1 :i* by means ( w$ges or screws is plac$ at ! prop] di/ance f ! b>rel to ensure ! great] "p ( ! c(fee be+ press$ aga9/ x1 b n s close t any ( ! b]ries %\ld be prick$ ?r\gh _! p>*m5t cov]+4 ,z c(fee is seldom uni=m 9 size1 mu* passes =w>d f :i* ! husk1 or pulp1 z x is call$1 has n be5 completely remov$2 ?is1 be+ sep>at$ by a sieve work$ by ! ma*9]y1 is return$ by h& to ! hopp]4 ,! c(fee1 depriv$ ( its husk1 goes =w>d by a *annel prep>$ = x into a ci/]n1 ! pulps be+ ?r[n (f beh9d2 ^! latt] are n[ g5]ally sav$ to be c>ri$ to ! manure pit4 ,! c(fee is left to soak 9 ! ci/]n = ! night1 or = t l5g? ( "t :i* is suffici5t to wa% (f ! mucilage1 an op]ation :i* is facilitat$ by a slight f]m5tation--n1 h[ev]1 always conduct$ ) safety to ! future quality ( ! c(fee4 ,pulp+-h\ses are suppli$ ) sev]al ci/]ns1 into :i* ! sev]al pulp+s may be run (f t ! "w may n /& /ill4 ,plate #g gives a view ( ! int]ior l[] floor ( ! pulp+-h\se on ,messrs4 ,worms' e/ates1 ,puselawa4 ,9 ! pulp+-h\se above ! pulp]s is a l>ge floor call$ ! *]ry l(t1 into :i* ! c(fee 9 *]ry f ! field is measur$1 & f :5ce1 ?r\gh holes1 x is made to fall into ! pulp]s1 f ! pulp]s x is c>ri$ to ! ci/]ns1 & :5 wa%$ is tak5 out by ! lab\r]s to be dri$1 :i* br+s u to speak ( ! /ore & dry+ app>atus4 ,be=e do+ s we may m5tion t ! pulp]1 :i* is consid]$ a v imp]fect ma*9e1 is g5]ally driv5 by f\r m5 at two h&les1 aid$ by a fly-:eel2 ! p[] is imm$iately appli$ to turn ! b>rel1 to :i* is connect$ a l>ge cog-:eel1 :i* moves a p9ion atta*$1 to "w a sieve or riddle4 ,pulp]s turn$ by wat] p[]1 if prop]ly erect$ to resi/ ! /ra9 ( ! connect+ ma*9]y1 "w ) m equality ( motion1 & !re=e d _! "w bett] ?an ^? work$ by h&4 ,_m improvem5ts 9 ! pulp+-ma*9e h be5 sugge/$ )\t success2 ! la/1 :i* is n[ v g5]ally adopt$1 is call$ a cru%]1 & consi/s 9 a k9d ( %ield in/ead ( a *op1 :i* presses ! c(fee aga9/ ! b>rel4 ,?is ma*9e is said to d z mu* "w 9 a giv5 "t z ! pulp]1 & ) less liability to cut or prick ! b]ry4 ,x has be5 said t ! pulp] is an imp]fect ma*9e2 x is s 9 respect to ! incomplet5ess ) :i* x p]=ms ! "w = :i* x is con/ruct$4 ,! "w ,illu/ration3 ,plate #g4--;,int]ior ,view ( ! ,pulp+ ,h\se ( ,messrs4 ,worms' ,e/ates1 ,puselawa1 ,ceylon4 complete1 w\ld be to pass =w>d ! :ole ( ! *]ry c(fee f ! hopp]1 z clean p>*m5t c(fee1 into ! ci/]n1 & completely sep>ate ! pulp4 ,in/ead ( ?is1 n only is !re mu* c(fee pass$ =w>d unpulp$1 :i* has to be return$ to ! hopp]1 b mu* pulp comes =w>d ) ! c(fee into ! ci/]n4 ,to ov]come ^! imp]fections1 _m h&s are requir$ att5d+ ! process ( pulp+2 sev]al ) sieves receive all ! c(fee z x comes ?r\gh ! tr\gh into ! ci/]n1 & remove all ! pulp 9 x4 ,! object ( ?is is to please ! sight by mak+ ! sample ev51 & to take away a mat]ial :i* bo?1 r5d]s ! c(fee difficult to dry1 &1 be+ decompos$ vegetable matt] ( a sac*>9e nature1 is liable by f]m5tation to injure ! quality ( ! c(fee itself4 ,! c(fee :i* is pass$ unpulp$1 hav+ be5 return$ to ! hopp] z x accumulates at ! end ( ! pulp] riddle1 until ! pick+ has all be5 pulp$1 is sometimes pass$ ?r\gh ano!r pulp]1 set clos]1 & :at !n rema9s is dri$ sep>ately 9 ! husk4 ,! imp]fections ( ! pulp] h rec5tly attract$ mu* notice1 & improvem5ts are mak+ 9 x4 ,we n[ arrive at ! cr[n+ op]ation ( all--,plant+4 ,economy %\ld be /udi$ 9 e "p ( ! "w1 & to plant to ! be/ advantage1 no?+ is m conducive ?an hav+ ! traces ( ! roads & pa?s ?r\gh ! cle>+s already op5$ if possible1 s z to be available = br++ ! plants f ! nurs]ies4 ,plants & /umps are bo? us$ 9 =m+ plantations2 ! fir/ are se$l+s1 re>$ 9 nurs]ies until !y are ab\t #h to #aj in*es high1 or j cr[n$--t is1 aft] ! appe>ance ( _! fir/ lat]al bran*es2 ! second are ! /ock & roots ( an old] tree4 ,"u v>y+ circum/ances !re is mu* to be said 9 fav\r ( ea*4 ,if ! wea!r is dry & ! season advanc$1 /umps may be plant$ ) less risk1 & 9 less "t2 b if plants are to be _h1 & ! season fav\rable1 x is g5]ally consid]$ !y are ! be/4 ,9 putt+ !m into ! gr\nd1 if practicable1 !y %\ld be remov$ f ! nurs]y ) balls ( e>? ab\t _! roots2 ?is is ev5 ! mo/ economical1 z be+ almo/ an assurance aga9/ failure1 & ! tree ?us plant$ receives no *eck1 b beg9s to gr[ directly4 ,if1 on ! o!r h&1 ! plants are to be br\ght too f> to c>ry !m ) balls ( e>?1 extreme c>e %\ld be tak5 to place !m ) ! tap root p]p5dicul>ly 9 ! soil4 ,inv>iably ! effect ( a tap root n be+ plac$ p]p5dicul>ly 9 ! hole is1 t :5 ! tree is gr[n to two or ?ree feet 9 height1 ! upp] %oot & bran*es take a pal] col\r to t ( ! heal?y plant1 :i* is ( v d>k gre51 ! leaves also become small & elongat$1 & occasionally some:at mottl$ ) a yell[ t+e4 ,su* plants w frequ5tly spr+ into fl[] & fruit prematurely1 :i* g5]ally turns out 8boll10 or empty 9 husk1 & z prematurely dies away4 ,?is rem>k is n uncall$ =1 z x requires extreme vigilance to prev5t ! lab\r]s c>elessly d\bl+ up ! tap z !y place ! plant 9 ! e>?4 ,! hole %\ld be well fill$ up & ! e>? trodd5 9 r\nd ! plant1 :i* %\ld nev] be buri$ bel[ ! cr[n ( ! root4 ,nurs]ies ( plants are v>i\sly made2 mu* cont5tion has exi/$ on ! m]its ( %ade & no %ade4 ,%ade is n requir$1 & ! plants are be/ )\t x2 yet x happ5s mo/ nurs]ies are 9 "s respects subject to %ade1 z !y h to be =m$ frequ5tly be=e any portion ( ! l& is op5$1 & %\ld be protect$ by a belt ( =e/ f ! fire ( ! cle>+2 ! jungle be+ cle>$ (f & c>ri$ to ! sides ( ! gr\nd select$4 ,! soil is dug ) hoes & picks ab\t two spits deep1 & ! roots ( ! jungle c>efully tak5 up1 z ^! w\ld aft]w>ds break ! rootlets ( ! plants :5 tak5 up = transplant+4 ,! gr\nd be+ laid out 9 b$s1 is sometimes s[n broadca/ ) c(fee-se$1 :i* only requires to be mo/ lightly cov]$ ) a little sift$ m\ld1 or ! se$s are press$ 91 9 r[s1 ) ! f+]4 ,sometimes small se$l+s1 ) two leaves & ! se$ leaves1 are br\ght f ano!r nurs]y1 or f b5ea? ! c(fee-bu%es ( a plantation or native g>d51 & l9$ out into b$s ab\t six in*es ap>t2 ^! make by f> ! be/ & h>die/ plants = plant+ out into ! fields4 ,we mu/ n omit to notice ! necessity = c>efully replac+1 ) z little delay z possible1 all failures 9 ! plant+4 ,! long] ?is is delay$ ! m difficult does x become to d x well2 & :5 neglect$1 besides mak+ ! fields appe> irregul> & unsightly1 ! gaps left become we$ b$s1 & s mu* ( ! be>+ space ( ! acre be+ lo/1 ! crop is affect$ 9 proportion4 ,:5 /umps are plant$1 a numb] ( buds or suck]s make _! appe>ance on ! root2 "o ( ^! only %\ld be left1 & ! o!rs c>efully rubb$ (f ) ! f+]1 z (t5 z ! we$+ p>ty goes ov] ! field4 ,! spr\t f ! bud :i* is left gr[s up & becomes ! /em ( a tree1 & ?r[s out its lat]als some:at high] ?an ! tree gr[n f a nurs]y plant4 ,! /ump g5]ally produces its fir/ crop a little out ( season2 = plant+ up failures /umps give ! lea/ tr\ble4 ,next to l9+ & c>eful plant+1 no?+ enhances ! good appe>ance ( a plantation s mu* z ! workmanlike =mation ( ! roads & build+s4 ,x is1 !re=e1 desirable1 by ! use ( a !odolite1 to trace ! roads accurately be=e cutt+ !m out4 ,=m]ly x 0 frequ5tly ! practice to take ! road by ! eye f po9t to po9t1 evad+ ! natural difficulties ( rocks or l>ge roots1 by tak+ ! breakneck pa? above or bel[ !m4 ,roads on p>tial cle>+s %\ld always h ref]5ce to ! l& :i* is aft]w>ds to be fell$ & connect$ ) ! same set ( works4 ,plate #h %[s a c(fee di/rict ne> ,puselawa1 ,ceylon4 ,illu/ration3 ,plate #h4--;,c(fee ,di/rict ne> ,puselawa1 ,ceylon4 ,,section ,,xii4 ,,h>ve/+ ,,! ,,crop ,,& ,,prep>ation ,,= ,,m>ket4 ,! heavy blossom appe>s on ! tree 9 ,augu/ & ,septemb]4 ,! pr9cipal crop is pick$ f ,april to ,july4 ,a small crop1 *iefly f "y c(fee1 is pick$ f ,septemb] to ,decemb]4 ,! produce is s5t d[n to ,colombo1 ! %ipp+ port1 f ,april to ,septemb]4 ,if ! e/ate be close to a c>riage road ?is is done by c>ts1 :i* c take f #fj to #hj bu%els4 ,! co/ ( transport is sometimes enorm\s4 ,x is n unusual to see c>ts load$ ) c(fee ly+ at ! bottom ( a precipice1 :ile ! bullocks :i* _h br\ght !m h di$ f exhau/ion4 ,if n ne> a road1 c>ry+ coolies are employ$1 or pack bullocks1 :i* take a load ( #c bu%els1 to transport x ei!r to a /ore1 f :i* a c>riage w convey x to ,colombo1 or to ! navigable po9t ( "o ( ! riv]s4 ,( ! v>i\s modes & facility1 or ! want ( x1 possess$ by e/ates situat$ 9 diff]5t di/ricts1 "s idea may be =m$ 9 ! exp5se v>y+ f #as4 to #abs4 p] cwt4 = br++ ! produce to ,colombo4 ,!re are n[ 9 ,colombo upw>ds ( ?irty e/abli%m5ts = ! prep>ation ( c(fee = %ipm5t1 t5 or twelve ( ^! employ /eam p[] to drive ! requisite ma*9]y4 ,to mo/ ( !m l>ge b>becues = dry+ are atta*$1 & coop]ages = ! prep>ation ( casks1 & 9 ! season1 :i* la/s ne>ly ?ree qu>t]s ( ! ye>1 f #aj1jjj to #ae1jjj wom5 & #ajjj to #bjjj m5 are employ$ 9 ! process4 ,?\gh ! c(fee has be5 suffici5tly dri$ on ! plantation to enable x to rea* ,colombo 9 safety1 x is n suffici5tly h>d to "p ) ! silv] pellicle :i* envelops ea* b]ry "u ! p>*m5t sk91 & to resi/ ! pressure ( ! peel]1 )\t "s additional dry+ 9 ! m p[]ful sun at ,colombo4 ,x is1 !re=e1 aga9 expos$ on ! b>becue1 until x rea*es a crisp dryness4 7,plate #i %[s ! b>becue or dry+-floor on ,messrs4 ,worms' e/ate1 ,puselawa1 9 ,ceylon1 & ! native lab\r]s spread+ ! c(fee to dry47 ,x is next submitt$ to ! pressure ( ! peel]1 :i* breaks ! b]ry out ( ! p>*m5t cov]+1 & sets ! silv] sk9 at lib]ty4 ,x may be notic$ t ! silv] sk91 ?\gh p]haps n add+ two ounces to ! weight ( #aab lbs41 gives ! c(fee an appe>ance consid]$ to be unsightly 9 ! ,london m>ket1 &1 !re=e1 depreciates its value2 its adh]5ce to ! c(fee1 ?\gh ! cause is n kn[n 9 ! m>ket1 is suppos$ to be g5]ally ! result ( bad dry+ on ! plantation1 be+ all[$ to rema9 too long wet1 or be+ p]mitt$ to heat aft] x is tak5 f ! ci/]ns4 ,sev]al processes h to be gone ?r\gh be=e ! article kn[n 9 comm]ce z c(fee is produc$4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 ! pulpy ext]ior ( ! b]ry1 z we h se51 has to be remov$ by ! process ( pulp+1 :i* sep>ates ! se$ & its ?9 cov]+1 call$ ! p>*m5t1 f ! husk4 ,:5 ?is pulp+ process is complet$1 we h ! p>*m5t by itself 9 a ci/]n1 & ! next process consi/s 9 gett+ rid ( ! mucilage ) :i* x is cov]$4 ,= ?is purpose ! wat] is dra9$ f ! ci/]n1 & f]m5tation is all[$ to take place1 :i* x readily does aft] a p]iod ( tw5ty-f\r h\rs1 or ev5 less on a l[ e/ate1 :]e ! climate is w>m1 ?\gh =ty-eight h\rs are g5]ally requir$ on ! highe/ e/ates4 ,illu/ration3 ,plate #i4--,! ,b>becue1 or ,dry+-,floor1 ,messrs4 ,worms' ,e/ates1 ,puselawa4 ,wat] is !n admitt$ into ! ci/]n1 & ! c(fee be+ agitat$ by wood5 rakes1 ! mucilage comb9es ) ! wat] & is dra9$ (f4 ,aft] ?is ! wa%$ p>*m5t c(fee has to be dri$ to a h>d /age1 & z x frequ5tly happ5s t dur+ crop "t !re is a cont9uance ( wet wea!r = weeks & mon?s toge!r1 ! *ief difficulties :i* a plant] has to cont5d ) n[ pres5t !mselves4 ,! peel]1 or ma*9e = remov+ ! p>*m5t1 consi/s ( a circul> tr\gh1 9 :i* a :eel is made to travel2 ?is is g5]ally made ( wood1 & %od ) copp] %eet+1 & is turn$ by c5tral pressure1 l ! cap/an ( a %ip1 ei!r by h& or by ! ge>+ ( ma*9]y atta*$ to a /eam-eng9e4 ,an improvem5t on ?is has be5 made by con/ruct+ ! travell+ :eels ( iron1 & ! tr\gh ( plates ( ! same metal2 ^! plates be+ s]rat$ 9 "o direction1 s z to pres5t a r\gh surface to ! c(fee1 facilitate ! fracture ( ! p>*m5t4 ,two :eels are g5]ally made to "w 9 "o tr\gh1 ea* ( :i* is provid$ ) a k9d ( scrap]1 to /ir up ! c(fee 9 its pa? & cause x to pres5t a new face to ! pressure4 ,a c(fee-peel] is usually made ( durable wood or iron4 ,! circumf]5ce ( ! ma*9e is #cf feet2 ! bread? betwe5 ! circles 9 ! ma*9e is #a foot4 ,! height ( ! :eel #f feet2 ! ?ickness ne> ! axle-tree #a foot1 & on ! top #f in*es2 twelve m5 or f\r bullocks c turn x4 ,if turn$ by m5 #bjj bu%els ( c(fee1 & if work$ by bullocks #adj bu%els1 c be obta9$ 9 n9e h\rs2 if by /eam ab\t #hjj or #ajjj bu%els4 ,! co/ ( con/ruct+ a ma*9e to be work$ by m5 or bullocks is #bel41 by /eam #fjjl4 ,aft] und]go+ ?is process1 ! c(fee is pass$ into a w9n[]1 :i* removes ne>ly ! :ole ( ! p>*m5t & silv] sk94 ,x is n[ giv5 to ! wom51 9 quantities ( a bu%el ea*1 to be pick$ ov] by h&1 :o take out all blacks1 brok5 b]ries1 triage1 or any?+ calculat$ to injure its ev5 quality4 ,fur!r to improve its appe>ance1 ! c(fee is pass$ ?r\gh a siz+ ma*9e1 by :i* g5]ally ?ree sizes are sep>at$3 ! r\nd1 or pea b]ry1 & a l>g] & small] b]ry1 ea* ( :i* f ! sep>ation is m ev5 9 appe>ance1 & z su* pref]r$ 9 ! ,london m>ket4 ,siz]s are v>i\sly made ( p]=at$ %eet z9c or wire gauze1 ) op5+s ( ?ree sizes1 increas+ f ! top 9 ! =m ( a long pipe1 :i*1 be+ slightly incl9$ & made to revolve1 pass ! c(fee1 p\r$ 9 above into ! b9s con/ruct$ to receive ! diff]5t sizes4 ,! c(fee1 n[ ready to be pack$1 is at once put into casks1 conta9+ #f or #g cwt4 ea*1 & s5t away on bo>d %ip )\t delay4 ,^! processes are con/antly improv+ & are n[ ?or\ghly und]/ood--a rem>k :i* w\ld seem uncall$ =1 b = ! recollection ( ! bungl+ & conflict+ sy/ems :i* 7 9 vogue a few ye>s s9ce4 ,,section ,,xiii4 ,,prep>ation ,,= ,,m>ket--7,cont9u$74 ,p>*m5t ,c(fee1 :5 9 an unseason$ /ate1 is prone to ent] into decomposition f ! "t at :i* x is )drawn f ! protection ( ! liv+ organism until x is ?or\ghly season$ by dry+1 aft] :i* x may be kept = any l5g? ( "t 9 a dry place4 ,! wor? ( c(fee z an article ( comm]ce is less5$ 9 proportion to ! ext5t to :i* ^! progressive *anges are all[$ to g on4 ,if heat+ has tak5 place1 ! bean c nev] aft]w>ds acquire ! pellucid col\r :i* is indicative ( well-dri$ c(fee1 b p>takes m or less ( a d+y appe>ance4 ,if m\ld9ess ensues1 ! aromatic prop]ties1 l ^? ( tea1 give place to an insipid flav\r2 & f9ally1 if ! bean und]goes putrefaction1 x assumes a dull black col\r1 & becomes totally de/itute ( e valuable prop]ty4 ,:5 ! crops rip51 !y mu/ be ga!r$ & cur$ "u all circum/ances ( wea!r2 & z x g5]ally happ5s t ?is has to be done dur+ ! preval5ce ( ! p]iodical ra9s1 ! difficulties to be cont5d$ ) are s mu* ! great]4 ,! ext5sive nature ( ! op]ations has also to be tak5 into acc\nt 9 =m+ an e/imate ( ! difficulties to be provid$ =4 ,dur+ ! busy season ( crop upw>ds ( #ajjj bu%els ( *]ries are daily ga!r$ f "s plantations1 yield+ an increase ( #ejj bu%els ( p>*m5t c(fee to be daily add$ to t :i* has already accumulat$ 9 ! /ore4 ,pa/ exp]i5ce hav+ %[n t c(fee 0 mo/ easily pres]v$ 9 a sweet /ate :5 spread ?9ly on ! floor1 l>ge & commodi\s build+s 7 call$ into use1 not)/&+ ! unusually heavy exp5se :i* att5d$ _! erection 9 situations remote f t[n1 :]e suffici5tly skilful lab\r 0 only to be _h at ! "t1 & ) great difficulty4 ,on ?is acc\nt inadequate accommodation 0 provid$ on _m plantations1 & ! c(fee accumulat+ to a consid]able dep?1 no am\nt ( h&-turn+ c\ld keep x f contract+ a mu/y smell1 its pron5ess to decomposition increas+ greatly 9 proportion to ! ext5t ( ! accumulation4 ,"s ye>s ago x occurr$ to ,mr4 ,cl]ihew t x 0 possible1 by means ( fann]s1 work+ on ! exhau/+ pr9ciple1 s to )draw air f an enclos$ space z to e/abli% a curr5t ( air ?r\gh masses ( c(fee spread on p]=at$ floors =m+ ! top & bottom ( t space4 ,?is plan he c>ri$ into execution at ,ra?oongodde plantation1 & x has s9ce be5 adopt$ by _m plant]s4 ,! foll[+ is a detail$ description ( ,mr4 ,cl]ihew's inv5tion1 a model ( :i* 0 %[n at ! ,int]national ,exhibition ( #ahea3 ,! wat]-:eel is an ov]%ot "o1 n9e feet 9 diamet]1 & is ( mu* small] dim5sions ?an any :eel t has hi!rto be5 employ$ = pulp+4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 suffici5t 9 p[] to "w ! fans & pulp]s simultane\sly1 ! excess ( its p[] ov] t ( o!r :eels be+ ga9$ by ! dim9ution ( friction consequ5t on !re be+ no int]v5+ %aft+ & ge>+4 ,! entire :eel is con/ruct$ ( wood1 ) ! exception ( ! %aft1 :i* is unusually light1 z x has m]ely to s]ve z a support to ! :eel4 ,by means ( a d\ble b& rim-bolt$ to ! arms on ea* side1 motion is giv5 to ! pulp]s f ! "o & to ! fans f ! o!r4 ,! floors ( ! cur+-h\se are laid ) la?s #a in* squ>e & #b in*es ap>t2 ^! are cov]$ ) op5 coir matt+2 be+ r *eap & durable1 ?is mat]ial answ]s ! purpose rem>kably well4 ,! side walls ( ! cur+-h\se are con/ruct$ 9 ! mann] ( ! c\ntry1 viz4 ( wattl$ "w fill$ 9 ) clay & smoo!d ov] s z to be air-tight4 ,to d]ive ! full b5efit ( natural heat1 ! ro( is cov]$ ) felt or ) %eet-iron1 s t 9 f9e wea!r ! temp]ature ( ! air 9 ! upp] floor is rais$ consid]ably by contact ) ! hot ro(1 & its capacity = absorb+ moi/ure mu* increas$1 prep>atory to its be+ drawn d[n ?r\gh ! mass ( c(fee 9 ! upp] floor4 ,ev5 9 ! cool climate ( ! di/rict ( ,upp] ,hewahette1 at an elevation ( #dejj feet1 9 a f9e day ! temp]ature ( ! air "u a felt ro( is #abj :5 ! fans are n work+1 s t a great dry+ p[] is ?us made available at no exp5se4 ,! l[] floor1 on ! o!r h&1 is adapt$ = ! application ( artificial heat = ! purpose ( evaporat+ ! surface wat] f ea* sep>ate bat* ( c(fee z x is tak5 f ! wa%+ ci/]ns prep>atory to its be+ deposit$ 9 ! upp] floor4 ,9 wet wea!r ?is is ess5tial1 = ! atmosph]ic air be+ !n saturat$ ) moi/ure1 no dry+ c take place until its capacity = absorb+ moi/ure is increas$ by an increase ( temp]ature4 ,"o o!r reason = adopt+ ?is arrangem5t is1 t :5 ! c(fee is fir/ tak5 wet f ! wa%+ ci/]ns ! int]/ices ( ! beans are m or less occupi$ ) wat]1 & ?us pres5t a m$ium less p]vi\s to air ?an is ! case :5 ! surface wat] has be5 dri$ (f4 ,consequ5tly x is desirable t1 until ?is has be5 done1 ! dep? ( ! c(fee %\ld n exce$ six in*es1 &1 to be equal to e em]g5cy1 ! heat+ p[] ought to be suffici5t 9 ! wette/ wea!r to evaporate ! surface wat] f ! produce ( a day's pick+ 7)9 tw5ty-f\r h\rs71 s z to all[ ( its be+ remov$ into ! upp] floor4 ,! daily numb] ( bu%els pick$ f any1 or ! same plantation1 is ( c\rse a v>iable quantity3 dep5d+ on ! ext5t ( ! cultivation1 ! quality ( ! trees1 ! numb] ( h&s employ$1 & ! elevation ( ! l&2 ! latt]1 :5 consid]able1 hav+ ! effect ( prolong+ ! pick+ season4 ,! /ove is m ?an suffici5t = a daily pick+ ( #djj bu%els ( *]ries4 ,! heat+ /ove is squ>e1 has a waggon head ) a semicircul> op5+ 9 ! c5tre = ! passage ( air1 & is con/ruct$ ( /\t %eet-iron4 ,x is plac$ )9 an ar*1 ) a cle>ance ( n9e in*es all r\nd also = ! passage ( air1 ! guid+ pr9ciple 9 its con/ruction be+ to adapt x to ! burn+ ( wood1 & to expose z mu* heat+ surface z possible to ! air :i* fl[s pa/ x into ! air-*amb] b5ea? ! gr\nd-floor4 ,! /ove op5+ is ! only "o :i* admits air to ! c(fee on ! gr\nd-floor4 ,consequ5tly1 :5 x is m or less clos$ by a damp]1 ! p[] ( ! fans is ex]t$ ei!r 9 "p or altoge!r on ! mass ( c(fee 9 ! upp] floor4 ,9 ^! applications ( natural & artificial heat to ! cur+ ( c(fee1 ! heat is convey$ by ! air ?r\gh ! :ole dep? ( c(fee 9 su* a mann] t ea* bean feels its influ5ce1 :il/ ! wat]y products elicit$ by ! heat are at ! same "t1 & by ! same means1 c>ri$ (f4 ,x _c be d\bt$ t ^! applications are f> m effectual ?an any ( ! modes hi!rto 9 use2 9 "s cases /oves 7 employ$ 9 ! ap>tm5t conta9+ ! c(fee1 b x is obvi\s t _! influ5ce c\ld n ext5d beyond ! surface ( ! mass1 & t1 if ! ap>tm5t 0 clos$1 !re 0 no provision = c>ry+ (f ! air t _h become load$ ) moi/ure due to its temp]ature2 :il/1 if ! ap>tm5t 0 op51 s z to af=d a free draught ( air1 ! great] portion ( ! heat giv5 out by ! /ove 0 c>ri$ out be=e ! heat$ air c\ld act on ! c(fee4 ,9 o!r cases1 heat+ pipes ( v>i\s k9ds 7 us$ bel[ ! floors on :i* ! c(fee 0 plac$4 ,?is arrangem5t1 h[ev]1 has ! effect ( injur+ ! c(fee1 by /eam+ x2 no provision be+ made = c>ry+ (f ! excess ( hot wat]y vap\r :i* accumulates )9 ! mass1 b1 on ! o!r h&1 ! natural processes ( decomposition are assi/$ & promot$4 ,! con/ruction ( ,mr4 ,cl]ihew's heat+ app>atus is simple1 & a mod]ate supply ( fuel has a consid]able effect 9 rais+ ! temp]ature ( cold damp air be=e x is br\ght into contact ) ! c(fee ?r\gh :i* x is drawn by ! aid ( ! fans4 ,?is heat$ air becomes diffus$ ?r\gh\t ! :ole ( ! *amb]1 :i* ext5ds b5ea? ! gr\nd-floor 9 su* a mann] t no portion ( ! c(fee :i* is on t floor c be free f its influ5ce4 ,! fans at ,ra?oongodde are mu* m p[]ful ?an ^? 9 common use1 ! peculi>ity 9 ! %ape ( ! blade giv+ !m a great advantage z air-mov+ ma*9es1 9 s f> z ! indraught is conc]n$1 :il/ "o-half ( ! p]iph]y be+ op5 a ready exit is af=d$ = ! dis*>ge ( air4 ,9 ! ord9>y fan1 if a smok+ mat* is appli$ to any "p ( ! indraught op5+1 ! air w be se5 to fl[ t[>ds a neutral po9t 9 ! c5tre ( ! fan1 foll[+ a spiral direction1 & !nce 9 ! p]iph]y ( ! fan4 ,9 ,mr4 ,cl]ihew's modification ( ! blade ea* film ( air1 s to speak1 fl[s into ! fan directly1 until x imp+es on ! curvil9e> "p ( ! blade1 & f t po9t is ?r[n at a "r angle t[>ds ! p]iph]y4 ,! column ( air be+ ?us less di/ort$ 9 its progress1 !re is n only a great] quantity dis*>g$1 b mu* less p[] is consum$ 9 effect+ t dis*>ge--9 ! common fan x is evid5t1 f ! circum/ance ( ! air fl[+ to an apex1 t a great am\nt ( p[] is wa/$ 9 produc+ ! increas$ velocity ) :i* a column ( air equal 9 volume to ! two +ress op5+s ( ! fan mu/ pass s contract$ an area be=e x is dis*>g$2 h5ce x is t ! fan1 z an air-mov+ ma*9e1 has be5 consid]$ unequal to ! screw4 ,! enclos$ space ( ! c(fee-cur+ h\se at ,ra?oongodde has an area 9 ! cross section ( #ajj sup]ficial feet1 x is #gj feet long1 & a pair ( fans are plac$ at "o end4 ,repeat$ exp]im5ts h %[n t1 :5 ! fans make #ajj revolutions p] m9ute1 a cl\d ( smoke travels to !m f ! c5tre ( ! enclos$ space 7a di/ance ( #ce feet7 9 precisely #ae seconds1 h5ce we h #ajj #ce #cejj cubic feet ( air dis*>g$ 9 a qu>t] ( a m9ute1 or #ad1jjj cubic feet p] m9ute2 a screw ( ne>ly sev5 feet 9 diamet] w\ld be requir$ to dis*>ge ! same am\nt ( air1 & ! co/ ( x 9 ,engl& is #hd gu9eas1 :il/ ! pair ( fans made & fitt$ up at ,ra?oongodde co/ "u #il4 ,9 ! c5tre ( ! enclos$ space1 ) a dep? ( f\r feet ( c(fee 9 ! upp] floor1 ! flame ( a c&le is bl[n to a "r angle :5 ! :ole p[] ( ! fans is put on t floor2 ne> to ! fans x is ext+ui%$1 ! air mov+ =w>d ) a uni=mly accel]at$ velocity f ! f>!r end t[>ds ! fans1 ow+ to ! con/ant accessions made by ! air ent]+ ! enclos$ space ?r\gh\t its :ole l5g?4 ,x has already be5 m5tion$ t ! only entrance ( air into ! air-*amb] b5ea? ! gr\nd-floor is by ! op5+ 9 :i* ! /ove is plac$1 consequ5tly1 :5 ?is op5+ is clos$ by a damp]1 x is obvi\s t ! :ole p[] ( ! fans is ex]t$ on ! mass ( c(fee :i* is be+ cur$ on ! upp] floor1 & t ! division ( ?is p[] may be regulat$ at w by m or less ob/ruct+ ! entrance ( air to ! air-*amb] by ! damp]4 ,! upp] floor is n suppos$ to be an air-tight ap>tm5t1 b z ! *ief entrance ( air is by ! two doors 9 ! end1 its influx may be s f> ob/ruct$ by clos+ !m z to ?r[ ! great] "p ( ! p[] ( ! fans on ! c(fee :i* is on ! gr\nd-floor1 :5 ?is is requir$4 ,aga91 s9ce x is obvi\s t1 9 wet wea!r1 :5 ! atmosph]e is fully saturat$ ) moi/ure proportionate to its temp]ature1 x becomes a desid]atum to introduce a portion ( ! artificially heat$ air into ! vacant space :i* is ov] ! c(fee 9 ! upp] floor1 s t ! air :i* passes d[n ?r\gh t c(fee may h an absorb+ t5d5cy2 ?is is accompli%$ by %utt+ ! doors ( ! upp] floor & ?r[+ op5 ! top-cov]+ ( ! fan4 ,by ?is means "o-half ( ! air :i* is drawn f ! /ove is ?r[n 9 above ! c(fee 9 ! upp] floor1 :il/ ! o!r half is dis*>g$ altoge!r4 ,?is infusion ( heat$ air w\ld on _m occasions be att5d$ ) b5efit1 b ! advantage w naturally dep5d on ! comp>ative /ate ( dryness ( ! c(fee on ! two floors4 ,9 hav+ rec\rse to ^! practical modifications "s little judgm5t & obs]vation are ( m s]vice ?an precept4 ,x w be f\nd1 = in/ance1 t if ! c(fee 9 ! upp] floor approa*es ! dry /age1 x is bett] 9 wet wea!r to %ut ! doors ( t floor z well z ! tops ( ! fans1 s t only a small flitt]+ ( air suffici5t to w>d (f ! fir/ /ages ( decomposition may pass ?r\gh t c(fee1 :il/ ! wet c(fee bel[ has ! full b5efit ( a m rapid circulation ( absorb5t air4 ,att5tion may n[ be direct$ to ! practical results :i* ^! arrangem5ts h af=d$ 9 ! cur+ ( c(fee4 ,! c(fee 9 ! upp] floor1 z ! crop advanc$1 gradually increas$ 9 dep? until x /ood at f\r feet all ov] ! floor4 ,:5 at ?is dep?1 ) ! fans mak+ #ajj revolutions p] m9ute1 ! fl[ ( air 0 q s5sible to ! h& plac$ on ! surface ( ! c(fee1 & 0 r5d]$ app>5t by ! smoke f a mat* foll[+ ! direction ( ! air2 at ! same "t ! r>efaction ( ! air )9 ! enclos$ space 0 s v slight z b>ely to be appreciable by a v delicate m\nta9 b>omet]1 ?\gh x _h ! effect ( caus+ ! door to %ut ) a slam2 ?us %[+ t a slight r>efaction ( ! air is suffici5t to di/urb ! balance ( atmosph]ic pressure1 ev5 :5 act+ ?r\gh a m$ium ( c(fee ( consid]able dep?4 ,! curr5t ( air ?us e/abli%$ cont9u$ to fl[ )\t int]ruption until ! fans 7 /opp$4 ,a cold glass tumbl] tak5 into ! /ore 9 a w>m day1 :5 ! fans 7 n 9 motion1 became in/antly dimm$ & wet by ! precipitation ( moi/ure f ! int]nal air4 ,:5 ano!r glass 0 tak5 into ! /ore1 "o m9ute aft] ! fans 7 put 9 motion1 x rema9$ cle>1 )\t a trace ( moi/ure4 ,a v satisfactory result soon %[$ itself1 viz4 t :il/ ! temp]ature ( ! air z x ent]$ ! moi/ c(fee 0 #hj 9 a w>m day1 ! temp]ature ( ! c(fee itself1 z indicat$ by an imm]s$ !rmomet]1 0 only #eh2 ! wet c(fee be+ inv>iably colde/ :5 ! air t 0 made to pass ?r\gh x 0 w>me/4 ,?is p>adox admitt$ ( easy explanation1 :5 x 0 consid]$ t ea* bean ( undri$ c(fee 0 "u simil> circum/ances to evaporat+ vessels ( wat] plac$ 9 a draught ( w>m air = ! purpose ( cool+ ! wat]4 ,! cold ?us produc$ 01 !re=e1 ! necess>y concomitant ( ! evaporation t 0 go+ on1 & ! diff]5ce betwe5 ^! temp]atures af=d$ a measure ( ! dry+ p[] 9 diff]5t /ates ( ! wea!r4 ,! circum/ance ( ! hot air l[]+ ! temp]ature ( ! c(fee 0 also fav\rable 9 ano!r po9t ( view1 see+ t x has be5 %[n t heat is "o ( ! conditions :i* promotes m\ld9ess1 or ! g]m9ation ( fungi4 ,e bu%el ( p>*m5t c(fee conta9s half a cubic foot ( air1 a fact asc]ta9$ by a bu%el :i* took ?irty-?ree measures ( wat] to fill x4 ,:5 full ( newly-wa%$ c(fee x took ?irte5 ( ^! measures ( ! wat] to displace ! air f ! int]/ices ( ! beans )\t ov]fl[+1 s t we h #ac--cc ( air 9 a bu%el ( c(fee2 9 o!r words1 half a cubic foot4 ,h5ce1 ! fans 9 use are capable ( giv+ a fre% atmosph]e to #bh1jjj bu%els ( c(fee e m9ute1 or 9 ! same "t f\r fre% atmosph]es to #gjjj bu%els4 ,dur+ a cont9uance ( ne>ly ?ree mon?s ( wet wea!r :i* occurr$ at "o crop "t1 ! c(fee 9 ! cur+-h\se dri$ v sl[ly1 b 0 kept 9 a p]fectly fre% & sweet /ate )\t ! int]v5tion ( any manual lab\r1 fur!r ?an 9 deposit+ ea* day's increase 9 ! l[] floor to dry (f ! surface wat]1 & remov+ t ( ea* previ\s day to ! upp] floor1 :]e x 0 spread on ! top ( all ! c(fee t _h previ\sly accumulat$4 ,^! ?ree mon?s ( wet wea!r 7 succe$$ by a =tnight ( v dry wea!r1 &1 on exam9+ ! c(fee at ! end ( t p]iod1 x 0 f\nd to h rea*$ ! dry horny /age at :i* x is usual to despat* x f ! e/ate to ,colombo1 = ! purpose ( be+ peel$ & %ipp$4 ,on exam9+ ! beans !y 7 f\nd to be ( t cle> col\r :i* di/+ui%es c(fee c>efully cur$ 9 small quantities1 ) ! advantage ( ! mo/ fav\rable wea!r4 ,"u l circum/ances1 viz4 dur+ su* a cont9uation ( wet wea!r1 x w\ld h be5 impossible to pres]ve ! c(fee free f m or less mu/9ess ( smell1 by manual lab\r employ$ 9 ! usual way1 :il/ at ! same "t ! exp5se ( /orework w\ld h be5 m ?an f\rfold4 ,! :ole exp5se ( ! /orework1 viz4 pulp+1 wa%+1 cur+1 & /or+ ! ,ra?oongodde c(fee1 am\nt$ to #b;d4 p] cwt41 & :5 x is consid]$ t dur+ crop "t ! value ( e man's lab\r is greatly increas$1 x is an object1 z f> z possible1 to sub/itute me*anical contrivance = manual lab\r1 s t all h&s may be employ$ 9 ga!r+ ! crop z x rip5s4 ,e plant] kn[s t :5 c(fee is spread out 9 a s+le lay] on ! floor ( 8 /ore1 x becomes dry aft] a "t1 & is well cur$ )\t any fur!r att5tion on 8 "p2 b x is impossible to devote suffici5t space = ?is purpose )\t incurr+ an exp5se :i* w\ld be q incompatible ) 8 circum/ances4 ,:51 h[ev]1 c(fee is ?us spread out 9 a s+le lay]1 x is obvi\s t ! reason :y x requires no att5tion is1 because ! beans be+ freely expos$ to ! atmosph]e1 !re is naturally a con/ant *ange ( ! air by :i* !y are surr\nd$2 ! same air is n suffici5tly long 9 contact ) ! beans to excite ! fir/ action ( decomposition1 & ! absorption ( oxyg5 is n accompli%$4 ,presum+1 h[ev]1 t x 7 s1 ! subsequ5t actions c\ld n take place1 = ! products ( ! fir/ action1 viz4 c>bonic acid1 heat & wat]y vap\r1 w\ld imm$iately make _! escape & be dissipat$ by ! atmosph]e1 :i* is precisely :at takes place :51 by me*anical means1 a draught ( air is c>ri$ ?r\gh a mass ( c(fee4 ,h5ce1 x is evid5t t ! requirem5ts ( space are ov]come by ! adoption ( ?is plan1 & t a great mass ( c(fee is plac$ "u conditions simil> to ^? by :i* a s+le lay] is influ5c$ :5 expos$ to a natural draught ( atmosph]ic air4 ,,section ,,xiv4 ,,cultivation ,,9 ,,s\!rn ,,india4 ,s\!rn ,india is becom+ z celebrat$ = its c(fee1 z ,nor!rn ,india = its tea4 ,we f9d t ! exports ( c(fee f ,madras h increas$ consid]ably dur+ ! la/ five ye>s1 & !re is e reason = suppos+ t ,s\!rn ,india w %ortly become ! *ief c(fee-produc+ c\ntry ( ! _w4 ,we h no idea ( ! numb] ( acres ( l& "u c(fee cultivation 9 ! ,madras ,presid5cy1 b x mu/ be v l>ge1 = aft] its local wants h be5 suppli$1 c(fee to ! value ( half a million /]l+ is export$4 ,9 #aheh-ei ! %ipm5ts 7 #g1bhh1dba lbs4 to =eign ports1 & #d1jhc1iag lbs4 to ,indian ports4 ,9 #ahfb-fc ! %ipm5ts 7 #af1bib1bch lbs4 to =eign ports1 & #c1igf1gff lbs4 to ,indian ports4 ,?\gh "s p>ts ( ,india are well adapt$ to ! culture1 x is n yet s ext5sively cultivat$ z might h be5 expect$ f ! vic9ity ( its ,arabian sites to ! ,malab> coa/4 ,!re1 h[ev]1 "s excell5t c(fee is gr[n1 z well z 9 ! hilly regions ( ,mysore & on ! slopes ( ! ,neilgh]ries1 & "s ( ^! are ( su* good quality1 & s c>efully prep>$1 z to br+ ! same price z ,mo*a c(fee4 ,"s v good specim5s ( c(fee h also be5 produc$ 9 ! int]ior ( ,india1 z 9 ! di/rict ( ,*ota ,nagpore1 :]e ! culture might app>5tly be greatly ext5d$1 & be ( great b5efit = consumption 9 t "p ( ! c\ntry4 ,accord+ to local tradition1 ! c(fee-plant 0 introduc$ into ,mysore by a ,mussulman pilgrim1 nam$ ,baba ,bood51 :o came f ,arabia ab\t two hundr$ ye>s ago1 & took up 8 abode z a h]mit 9 ! un9habit$ hills 9 ! ,nuggur ,division nam$ aft] him1 & :]e he e/abli%$ a college1 :i* /ill exi/s1 end[$ by gov]nm5t4 ,x is said t he br\ght "s c(fee-b]ries f ,mo*a1 :i* he plant$ ne> to 8 h]mitage1 ab\t :i* !re are n[ to be se5 "s v old c(fee-trees4 ,h[ev] ?is may be1 !re is no d\bt t ! c(fee-plant has be5 kn[n 9 t neighb\rhood f "t immemorial1 b ! b]ry has nev] come into g5]al use among ! p = a bev]age4 ,x is only ( late ye>s t ! c(fee trade ( ^! di/ricts has become ( any magnitude1 or t plant+ has be5 c>ri$ to any important ext5t4 ,! export ( c(fee f ,briti% ,india1 :i* 9 #ahea 0 only #cbci tons1 _h increas$ 9 #ahfa to #hece tons2 ab\t "o-f\r? ( ?is is %ipp$ f ,bombay1 & ne>ly all ! rema9d] f ,madras4 ,m ?an ?irty ye>s ago a few ,europeans 7 engag$ 9 c(fee plant+ ne> ,*ickmoogloor1 a few miles f ! ,bababood5 ,hills4 ,ab\t tw5ty ye>s ago ! plantation produc+ ! well-kn[n c(fee call$ 8,cannon's ,mysore10 & o!rs1 on ! ,memz]a1 or 8,bad ,m\nta910 0 comm5c$ by two ent]pris+ g5tlem54 ,! success ( ^! has induc$ _m m ,europeans to plant c(fee !re1 & ! consequ5ce is t ! c(fee trade ( ,mysore bids fair to emulate t ( ,ceylon4 ,x has giv51 also1 an example to o!r p>ts ( ,india1 & ! plant orig9ally tak5 f ! ,bababood5 ,mu? is n[ ext5d+ ov] t5s ( ?\s&s ( acres 9 ,coorg1 ! ,wynaad di/rict1 ! ,neilgh]ry ,hills1 & along ! ,we/]n ,ghauts1 nor? & s\?4 ,9 ,mysore ! numb] ( ,european c(fee-plant]s has increas$ to ab\t ?irty1 :ile ! numb] ( native plant]s is e/imat$ at betwe5 ?ree & f\r ?\s&4 ,! av]age produce p] acre 9 ,mysore is probably n half t ( ,ceylon4 ,"s attempts h be5 made to cultivate c(fee 9 ! op5 c\ntry1 b )\t success2 x seems to require =e/ l& & consid]able elevation & moi/ure4 8,cannon's ,mysore0 is gr[n on a range ( hills f #cejj to #djjj feet above ! sea1 hav+ ! b5efit ( ! s\?-we/ monsoon1 :i* v seldom fails at all1 nev] entirely1 & ( ! tail-end ( ! nor?-ea/ monsoon4 ,?is elevation gives a pleasant climate1 well suit$ to ,europeans4 ,sev]al species ( ! g5us ,c(fea 7,c4 alpe/ris1 ,c4 grumeloides1 & ,c4 ,wightiana7 are indig5\s to ! ,neilgh]ry ,hills4 ,a b]ry1 g5]ally "o :i* has itself fall5 ripe f ! tree1 is put into ! gr\nd1 usually 9 a nurs]y plot1 ?\gh "s plant]s pref] to place ! se$ 9 ! id5tical hole :i* is to be its future situation4 ,! nurs]y plan is1 h[ev]1 g5]ally adopt$1 & "h ! "y plant1 :i* %oots up 9 ab\t a mon? aft] x is s[n1 is all[$ to rema9 until ab\t sixte5 mon?s old4 ,x1 or r we w say !y1 = hundr$s & ?\s&s are g5]ally dealt ) at once1 are transplant$ to holes :i* h be5 c>efully prep>$ = !m on ! soil :i* is to be _! future location4 ,^! holes are g5]ally two feet cube1 & _m good plant]s pref] !m ev5 deep]2 9 ?is ! plant is c>efully plac$ & cov]$ ar\nd1 & 9 eighte5 mon?s f t "t1 i4e4 ab\t ?ree ye>s f ! "t ! b]ry 0 fir/ plant$1 our small c(fee-tree beg9s to be> fruit1 ! fir/ crop be+ ( c\rse v scanty4 ,! b]ry is pick$ f ,novemb] to ! end ( ,febru>y1 by any numb] ( m51 wom51 & boys :i* c be collect$1 & :o are paid by ! quantity !y pick1 "s exp]t h&s e>n+ a good deal4 ,! b]ry collect$ is c>ri$ to ! h\se ( ! e/ate1 & !re hav+ be5 weigh$1 is ?r[n into :at is call$ a *]ry l(t1 a wood5 *amb]1 alongside (1 b a little high]1 ?an ! place conta9+ ! pulp]4 ,f ?is *]ry l(t to ! pulp] ! c(fee is wa%$ by a /ream ( wat]1 :i* c>ries x along a tr\gh s arrang$ z to cat* & imp$e any /ones or heavi] mat]ials f ent]+ ! pulp+ ma*9e4 ,^! heavi] mat]ials s9k to ! bottom ( ! tr\gh1 & ! buoyant c(fee-b]ry1 float+ on ! surface1 is borne to its de/9ation4 ,! object ( ! pulp] is to remove ! fle%y capsule f ! b]ry1 & ?is be+ accompli%$1 ! c(fee passes on 9 "o direction1 :il/ ! pulp1 by a clev] arrangem5t ( ! me*anism ( ! in/rum5t1 is pu%$ away 9 ano!r4 ,! b]ry is n[ ?r[n into a vat & all[$ to f]m5t1 until ! rema9+ mucilag9\s sub/ance adh]5t to ! p>*m5t cov]+ is easily wa%$ away by wat]4 ,?is accompli%$1 x is ?r[n on op5 expos$ places1 call$ b>becues1 & all[$ to dry 9 ! sun4 ,?is takes ab\t twelve days1 :5 x is pack$ 9 gunny 7jute7 bags1 plac$ ^u bullocks1 & despat*$ to ! coa/4 ,!re x is :at is call$ g>bl$1 t is1 hav+ be5 once m expos$ to ! sun & ?or\ghly dri$1 x is plac$ 9 circul> tr\ghs1 & ov] x l>ge heavy :eels1 %od ) iron nails1 are made to revolve4 ,?is removes :at is call$ ! p>*m5t sk91 leav+ ! b]ry n[ cov]$ only ) a beautifully f9e coat+1 ! silv] sk94 ,x is !n1 by a numb] ( wom5 employ$ = ! purpose1 c>efully siz$2 aft] ?is1 pass$ ?r\gh a pea-b]ry mill1 ! object be+ to sep>ate ! r\nd pea-%ap$ b]ry f ! flatt]1 ! =m] be+ mu* m priz$1 & fet*+ a high] price 9 ! m>ket1 ?\gh :y1 x is difficult to say1 z x makes no bett] c(fee ?an ! o!r2 & z x has to be depriv$ ( its =m by roa/+ & gr9d+ be=e x comes to table1 ! advantage ( its pea-%ap$ figure is1 to say ! lea/ ( x1 some:at obscure4 ,!re is likewise sep>at$ f ! re/ :at is call$ 8triage10 ! brok5 & o!rwise defective beans1 :i* are also pack$ by !mselves1 & :i* aga91 we believe1 ?\gh sell+ m *eaply1 are f\nd to make q z good an infusion = a bev]age z _! m ari/ocratic fri5ds ! pea-b]ries4 ,h[ev]1 pea-b]ries1 flats1 & triage1 are all ultimately pack$ 9 squ>e wood5 boxes & %ipp$ to ,engl&1 :]e x is sold1 roa/$1 gr\nd1 & drank4 ,9 ,wynaad1 9 ! close ( #ahfc1 !re 7 #ic c(fee e/ates1 cov]+ #ej1jjj acres1 ( :i* ab\t #ae1jjj acres 7 plant$2 #fajj acres _h trees ov] two ye>s old on !m4 ,!re 7 also ab\t #cfjj acres "u culture ) c(fee by ! natives4 ,wynaad is an elevat$ plateau1 ris+ some:at abruptly f ! we/]n or ,malab> side1 b slop+ m t[>ds ! ,mysore or ea/]ly side4 ,! quantity ( c(fee export$ f ,telli*]ry dur+ ! (ficial ye> end+ ,april1 #ahfb1 0 #eh1ejj cwt41 ( :i* ab\t #cj1jjj cwt4 is suppos$ to h come f ,wynaad1 ! re/ f ,coorg4 #h cwt4 ( c(fee p] acre is consid]$ an av]age yield 9 ,wynaad1 #aj cwt4 a good crop4 ,,section ,,xv4 ,,b\rbon1 ,,java1 ,,& ,,! ,,ea/4 ,x 0 f ,beit-el-,faguil1 ! ,european factory ne> ,mo*a1 t ! c(fee-tree 0 transport$ to ! isl& ( ,b\rbon1 9 ! ye> #agah1 & x is rem>kable t ! isl&]s recognis$ ! plant z natural to _! own c\ntry1 & br\ght ! a/oni%$ import]s abundance f _! native m\nta9s4 ,9 ,b\rbon !y di/+ui% f\r v>ieties ( ! c(fee-plant4 #a4 ,! ,mo*a1 :i* is v delicate1 = ! plants deg5]ate & (t5 p]i% aft] a good crop4 #b4 ,! ,levoy1 :i* is m h>dy1 b ! c(fee is inf]ior 9 quality4 #c4 ,! ,myrtle1 a v>iety ( ! ,mo*a1 v h>dy1 & yield+ abundant crops4 #d4 ,! ,m>ron1 or wild c(fee1 ) su* bitt] & n>cotic prop]ties t x c only be us$ by admixture ) ! b]ries ( "o ( ! o!r v>ieties4 ,,java4--,9 ,java1 c(fee is a gov]nm5t monopoly1 & ! plant]s br+ _! c(fee to a c5tral gov]nm5t dept = sale at a fix$ price4 ,! isl& exports ab\t #a1bej1jjj cwts4 ( c(fee annually4 ,java c(fee has lo/ mu* ( its =m] repute f be+ l>gely saturat$ ) moi/ure1 artificially to ! ext5t ( #ad p] c5t42 ?is increases ! weight1 b mu/ injure ! quality 9 transport4 ,at ! ,p>is ,exhibition ( #ahee1 ! ,ne!rl&s ,comm]cial ,association contribut$ a v v>i$ collection ( two doz5 v>ieties ( c(fees f ! ,dut* gov]nm5t possessions 9 ,java1 "u ! foll[+ classification3 ,br[n1 cle> br[n1 deep yell[1 yell[1 yell[i%1 :ite1 :iti%1 pale ( ,havana k9d1 blue1 f9e gre51 h&some gre51 gre51 gre5i%1 mottl$ gre51 deep gre5 ,we/ ,india k9d1 gre5 ,we/ ,india k9d1 pale gre5 ,we/ ,india k9d1 d>k ,dem]>a k9d1 gre5 ,dem]>a k9d1 deep grey1 triage1 common black1 gre5i% ,m5ado1 & :ite ,padang4 ,! ,ne!rl&s ,society sell ab\t #a1jjj1jjj bags or bales ( c(fee annually4 ,! foll[+ 7 ! exports ( c(fee f ,java 9 #ahfb3 piculs4 ,to ,holl& on private acc\nt #abh1jdg ,to o!r c\ntries #afe1aaf ,by ! ,ne!rl&s ,trad+ ,company #hgg1bda --------- #a1agj1djd ,! position ( ! c(fee trade ( ,java is %[n 9 ! figures annex$1 = five ye>s3 ,,export ,,& ,,value ,,( ,,c(fee4 tons4 value4 #aheh #ff1ege #b1fad1eje #ahei #ei1gfi #b1efe1acg #ahfj #ed1fch #b1dhf1aae #ahfa #fa1ghc #b1hej1eah #ahfb #fc1bhf #c1dfe1gdg ,?ree k9ds ( ,java c(fee are commonly br\ght to ,europe--,jacatra 7usually sold z ,java71 ,*]ib\1 & ,sam>ang4 ,! fir/ is ! be/1 ! second is g5]ally a little light] col\r & ( some:at inf]ior quality1 & ! ?ird has yell[i% br[n1 or gre51 flatt5$ beans4 ,:at is g5]ally sold 9 ! ,dut* m>kets z ,sam>ang is1 h[ev]1 simply a k9d ( 8triage10 ) black beans ( a co>se flav\r4 ,,siam4--,on ! hilly di/ricts ( ! ea/ coa/ ( ! ,gulf ( ,siam ! cultivation ( c(fee is c>ri$ on to a limit$ ext5t1 & "s v f9e samples ( ,siam c(fee 7 %[n at ! ,int]national ,exhibition ( #ahfb1 s5t me by ,messrs4 ,m>kwold & ,co41 & by ,sir ,rob]t ,s*omburgk1 ! ,briti% ,consul-,g5]al4 ,,sumatra is "o ( ! wor/ k9ds ( c(fee receiv$ f ! ,ea/]n ,ar*ipelago4 ,! beans are l>ge1 d>k yell[ or br[n1 & occasionally ev5 black1 & ! flav\r v>ies consid]ably4 ,! production 9 ,sumatra av]ages ab\t #e to #f1jjj1jjj lbs41 b has (t5 be5 d\ble t am\nt4 ,,celebes4--,) ! exception ( ,m5ado1 :i* has l>ge beans ( a pale gre5i% or yell[ col\r1 ,celebes c(fee is greatly inf]ior to ,java1 & x is que/ionable :e!r ! col\r :5 br\ght to m>ket is n giv5 by artificial means4 ,! production is ab\t #a1jjj1jjj lbs4 ,,philipp9es4--,manilla c(fee is "o ( ! be/ ( ! ,ea/]n k9ds1 & q equal to ,java4 ,! av]age production is ab\t #c1jjj1jjj lbs4 ,! beans are m$ium-siz$1 & ( a pale gre5i% col\r4 ,! c(fee is %ipp$ 9 bags ( ab\t #aej lbs41 or 9 cases or *e/s ( #bjj lbs4 to #cjj lbs4 ,,o!r ,,s\rces4--,! cultivation ( c(fee is mak+ rapid progress 9 ! ,s&wi* ,isl&s4 ,!re are n[ consid]ably m ?an half a million trees 9 be>+ on ! isl&1 produc+ upw>ds ( #b1jjj1jjj lbs4 annually--! l>ge/ proportion ( :i* is %ipp$ to ,cali=nia4 ,que5sl& & ! nor!rn di/ricts ( ,au/ralia c\ld raise l>ge quantities ( c(fee4 ,x is mu* less labori\s ?an cotton1 m fitt$ = wom5 & *ildr51 &1 be+ adapt$ to ! m\nta9 ranges ( tropical climates1 ( c\rse m heal?y & invigorat+ ?an ! sultry pla9s4 ,! range ( m\nta9s v>y+ f tw5ty-five to ?irty miles f ! nor!rn coa/ ( ,au/ralia1 t[>ds ,torres ,/raits1 w\ld be admirably suit$ to ! culture4 ,,section ,,xvi4 ,,c(fee ,,z ,a ,,bev]age4 ,x is rem>kable t1 mu* z c(fee is us$ 9 ?is c\ntry1 ! prop] mode ( prep>+ x z a bev]age %\ld be s little und]/ood4 ,p]haps x is t mo/ p consid] c(fee-mak+ z too easy a process to ne$ any pa9s at all2 & = ?is reason ! c(fee s]v$ at n9e breakfa/-tables out ( t51 ?r\gh\t ! k+dom1 is a mis]able muddy infusion1 :i* p seem to dr9k only because1 z wa%]wom5 say1 x is 8wet & w>m40 ,! "r way ( mak+ c(fee is n less easy ?an ! wrong "o2 !re is no my/]y ab\t x4 ,all t is requir$ is ! obs]vance ( a few simple rules3 #a4 ,! nature ( c(fee is su* t x p>ts v easily ) its aromatic1 /imulat+1 & o!r prop]ties2 a small quantity ( wat] w draw out all ! goodness q z effectually z a l>ge quantity1 & x w d ?is if ! c(fee-b]ries be only bruis$ or v co>sely gr\nd4 ,x is a grave mi/ake to suppose t c(fee %\ld be gr\nd to a f9e p[d]2 extreme f95ess is ! great cause ( 8?ick c(fee0 z prep>$ = breakfa/4 ,9 ,ea/]n c\ntries1 :]e p "k :at good c(fee means1 !y always bruise ! b]ries 9 a mort>4 ,9 fact1 ! goodness ( c(fee dep5ds m on ! roa/+ & ! me?od ( prep>+ aft]w>ds1 ?an on ! quality ( ! b]ry1 or any o!r p>ticul>4 #b4 ,buy y\r c(fee ready roa/$1 b n gr\nd2 t is1 buy c(fee-b]ries1 & always *oose su* z are fre% roa/$1 9 pref]5ce to /ale4 ,obs]ve1 also1 :e!r y\r groc] keeps ! article prop]ly %ut up 9 t9 cani/]s1 or lets x lie ab\t 9 op5 tubs or trays4 #c4 ,if possible1 buy a c(fee-mill1 "o t w gr9d v co>sely4 ,! price v>ies f #bs4 #f;d4 to #es4 ,?is article is s ess5tial to a good cup ( c(fee1 t no "o :o c af=d ! outlay %\ld hesitate to buy "o4 ,^? :o h a pe/le & mort> may try ! me?od ( bruis+2 b :e!r a mill or a mort>1 no m %\ld be gr\nd or cru%$ ?an is want$ = use at ! "t4 #d4 ,c(fee requires to be kept 9 a v dry place2 &1 z x readily takes up ! flav\r ( o!r articles ne> :i* x may be plac$1 x %\ld be kept 9 an air-tight vessel4 ,if y buy tea & c(fee at ! same "t1 d n pack !m 9 "o p>cel or basket1 or c>ry !m 9 ! same packet1 = ! true flav\r ( bo? w be injur$4 ,we presume t no "o w be s c>eless z to keep ei!r tea or c(fee 9 pap] only2 a wood5 box w\ld be bett] ?an ?is1 b a bottle or porcela9 j> is be/ ( all4 #e4 ,h a clean1 dry c(fee-pot2 x %\ld always be r9s$ out :5 put away1 & turn$ d[n to dra94 #f4 ,to e half p9t ( wat]1 all[ half an ounce ( c(fee-p[d]2 h y\r kettle ( wat] boil+1 put ! necess>y quantity ( p[d] into ! c(fee-pot1 & p\r 9 z mu* wat] f ! kettle z y require4 ,set ! pot on ! fire = a few seconds1 b on no acc\nt let ! cont5ts boil up2 !n p\r ab\t half a p9t ( ! liquor into a cup1 & p\r x back aga9 into ! pot1 & /& x on ! hob or on ! f5d] to settle4 ,if ^! directions h be5 prop]ly foll[$1 !re w be 9 ?ree or f\r m9utes a pot ( c(fee z cle> & well-ta/$ z any "o c\ld wi% to dr9k4 ,%\ld x be too /rong1 y h only to use less ( ! c(fee-p[d]4 ,all ! goodness is extract$ ) ! fir/ boil+2 & ^? :o wi% to dr9k good c(fee mu/ nev] boil ! same gr\nds a second "t4 #g4 ,! milk 9 all cases mu/ be w>m$1 & us$ z hot z possible2 & x %\ld always be put into ! cup ) ! sug> be=e ! c(fee is p\r$ 94 ,:5 a cup ( c(fee is tak5 aft] d9n]1 x %\ld be drank )\t milk1 & ) little or no sug>4 #h4 ,b ( all ! prep>ations ( c(fee !re is none equal to ! ,fr5*1 kn[n z caf au lait1 or milk c(fee4 ,we h drank x con/antly = sev]al ye>s1 & c pron\nce x to excel all o!rs z a breakfa/ bev]age4 ,9 ?is !re is m milk ?an wat]1 & ! c(fee liquor is r an ess5ce ?an a decoction2 x w be almo/ black 9 col\r4 ,! process to be foll[$ is ! same 9 mo/ respects z describ$2 b1 in/ead ( a qu>t or ?ree p9ts1 n m ?an a ?ird ( y\r usual quantity ( wat] is to be p\r$ on ! full quantity ( c(fee-p[d]4 ,aft] x has /ood to settle1 p\r x c>efully (f ! gr\nds into a jug or pit*]1 :i* is to be kept hot by any conv5i5t means4 ,9 ?is way ! liquor1 ?\gh black1 w be p]fectly cle>4 ,at ! same "t a quantity ( milk1 accord+ to ! wants ( y\r p>ty1 mu/ be heat$ 9 a saucepan ) a sp\t or a lip4 ,:5 ?is is ready1 p\r x into y\r breakfa/-cups until !y are ?ree-p>ts full1 or r m1 add ! sug>1 & !n fill up ) c(fee f ! jug1 m or less1 accord+ z y pref] x /rong or weak4 ,c(fee made 9 ?is way w be f\nd m nutriti\s1 & to possess great] ri*ness & smoo?ness1 ?an c be atta9$ by any o!r means4 ,_m p]sons are 9 ! habit ( keep+ roa/$ c(fee 9 vessels ( t91 closely secur$2 ?is is a mo/ improp] mode1 & ! consequ5ces ( do+ s may be po9t$ out4 ,x is kn[n t c(fee conta9s gallic acid1 a pr9ciple :i* has ! prop]ty ( act+ on iron or t91 & x is !re=e c]ta9 t 9 keep+ c(fee 9 ^! cani/]s ! acid has su* an effect 9 dissolv+ p>ticles ( ! metal1 z n only to affect ! ta/e1 b ev5 ! col\r ( ! c(fee4 ,to conv9ce "o's self ( ?is1 x is only necess>y to leave "s fre%ly-roa/$ c(fee 9 a t9n$ vessel = a "t1 & x w soon be f\nd to h imbib$ a black col\r & a mo/ disagreeable ta/e4 ,x appe>s1 !re=e1 to be necess>y to avoid keep+ c(fee 9 ^! metal receptacles4 ,! be/ mode ( prop]ly pres]v+ ! article is by us+ vessels ( porcela91 or o!r simil> mat]ial4 ,) reg>d to ! description ( c(fee-pot to be us$ 9 prep>+ ! article1 x %\ld nev] be ( t9 or iron2 no?+ w s soon & s surely de/roy ! f9e flav\r ( ! bev]age z ^! descriptions ( c(fee-pots4 ,x has g5]ally be5 ! practice to make c(fee ei!r by boil+ x1 or by p\r+ boil+ wat] on ! gr\nd c(fee plac$ on a filt]4 ,bo? ( ^! me?ods are bad4 ,exp]i5ce has %[n t boil+ wat] de/roys or s5sibly alt]s ! volatile p>ts ( ! b]ry1 & dissolves ^? :i* are bitt] & unpleasant4 ,we ought n1 !re=e1 to employ wat] heat$ to a great] temp]ature ?an to all[ ! f+] be+ plac$ 9 x4 ,b difficult z x may be to believe1 !re c be no d\bt b t ! be/ mode ( prep>+ ?is bev]age is ) cold wat]4 ,c(fee s made is n only m aromatic1 m limpid1 & m sub/antial1 b x is f> /rong] ?an any made ) hot wat]4 ,! cold infusion takes f ! c(fee & communicates to ! wat] all its aromatic qualities1 :ile x does n imbibe mu*1 if any1 ( ! gallic acid2 consequ5tly ?is prep>ation is f> less bitt] ?an t :i* has be5 boil$1 9 :i* process ! mo/ m9ute p>ticles are act$ ^u4 ,c(fee ?us made is ( a f9e bright & d>k col\r2 x requires f> less sug> & mu* less c>e1 because all t has to be done is to place ! p[d] on ! filt]1 drop on x a little wat]1 & :5 well moi/5$ to p\r on x ! prop] quantity ( wat]4 ,! filtration w be complet$ 9 a mod]ately %ort space ( "t1 & ! liquor hav+ run ?r\gh1 may be aga9 p\r$ on ! c(fee1 s z to remove any fur!r portion ( flav\r left 9 x2 & :5 ?is has be5 done1 ! prep>ation w be s delicate & aromatic t ^? :o ta/e x w adopt ! mode 9 pref]5ce to any o!r4 ,:5 ! c(fee ?us made is to be w>m$ = use1 x mu/ n be heat$ to ! boil+ po9t1 & take c>e t ! vessel 9 :i* x is w>m$ be q full4 ,x may be "h rem>k$ t c(fee ?us made w>m is always m pleasant ?an :5 drank at ! "t ( its prep>ation1 provid$ x be n made to boil1 & t ! c(fee-pot be well clos$4 ,x is equally necess>y ) ! above t ! b]ry %\ld be well & ?or\ghly roa/$1 & n gr\nd 9 a mill or ma*9e1 b p\nd$ & sift$1 s z to secure ! p>ticles be+ ( equal f95ess4 ,to ent] into an exam9ation ( ! comp>ative m]its & dem]its ( ! sev]al p]colators & cafetires at pres5t 9 use1 w\ld ext5d ^! obs]vations to too great a l5g?2 b mo/ ( ^? g5]ally adopt$ are wor?less1 or complicat$1 ) ! abom9able bag-filt]1 :i* is seldom kept clean4 ,!re is ample room = inv5tors 9 ! manufacture ( a simple c(fee-pot ) a wat]-gauge at ! side1 :i* %all effect :at is n n[ done--a passage ( ! hot wat] once only ?r\gh ! c(fee1 s z to h a bright infusion in/ead ( a muddy decoction4 8,tea10 obs]ves ,dr4 ,sigmond1 8z ! morn+ bev]age1 :5 breakfa/ =ms a good sub/antial meal1 ^u :i* ! p[]s = ! day ( meet+ ! v>i\s *ances & *anges ( life dep5d1 provid$ x be n /rong1 is mu* to be recomm5d$2 b :5 individuals eat little1 c(fee c]ta9ly supports !m 9 a m decid$ mann]2 &1 besides ?is1 tea )\t a c]ta9 quantity ( solid alim5t1 is mu* m likely to influ5ce ! n]v\s sy/em4 ,"s p]sons1 if !y dr9k tea 9 ! morn+ & c(fee at night1 suff] mu* 9 animal spirits & 9 p[] ( enjoym5t ( ! pleasure ( society2 b if !y rev]se ! sy/em1 & take c(fee 9 ! morn+ & tea at night1 !y reap b5efit f ! *ange2 = ! c(fee1 :i* to !m 9 ! morn+ is nutrition1 becomes a /imulus at night2 & ! tea1 :i* acts z a dilut5t at night1 gives no?+ = support dur+ ! day40 ,! ,turks dr9k _! c(fee v hot & /rong1 & )\t sug>2 occasionally !y put 91 :5 boil+1 a clove or two bruis$1 or a few se$s ( /> anise1 or a drop ( ess5ce ( amb]4 ,! foll[+ quotations f rec5t travell]s give ! ,turki% mode ( mak+ c(fee3 8,! bruis$ or gr\nd beans are ?r[n into a small brass or copp] saucepan2 suffici5t wat]1 scald+ hot1 is p\r$ ^u !m1 &1 aft] be+ all[$ to simm] = a few seconds1 ! liquid is p\r$ into small cups1 )\t ref9+ or /ra9+4 ,p]sons unaccu/om$ to ?is way ( mak+ c(fee f9d x unpalatable4 ,^? :o h ov]come ! fir/ introduction pref] x to t made aft] ! ,fr5* fa%ion1 :]eby ! aroma is lo/ or det]iorat$4 ,a well made cup ( good ,turki% c(fee is inde$ ! mo/ delectable bev]age1 t c be well imag9$1 be+ grateful to ! s5ses & refre%+ly /imulant to ! n]ves4 ,^? :o h long resid$ 9 ! ,ea/ c alone e/imate its m]its40--,,:ite',s ,?ree ,ye>s 9 ,con/ant9ople4 8,! ,turki% way ( mak+ c(fee produces a v diff]5t result f t to :i* we are accu/om$4 ,a small conical saucepan1 ) a long h&le1 & calculat$ to hold ab\t two table-spoonfuls ( wat]1 is ! in/rum5t us$4 ,! fre% roa/$ b]ry is p\nd$1 n gr\nd1 & ab\t a dess]t-spoonful is put into ! m9ute boil]2 x is !n ne>ly fill$ ) wat]1 & ?ru/ among ! emb]s2 a few seconds suffice to make x boil1 & ! decoction1 gr\nds & all1 is p\r$ into a small cup1 :i* fits into a brass socket mu* l ! cup ( an acorn1 & hold+ ! *9a cup z t does ! acorn itself4 ,! ,turks seem to dr9k ?is decoction boil+1 & swall[ ! gr\nds ) ! liquid4 ,we all[ x to rema9 a m9ute1 9 ord] to leave ! s$im5t at ! bottom4 ,x is always tak5 pla92 sug> or cream w\ld be ?\ght to spoil x2 & ,europeans1 aft] a little practice 7long]1 h[ev]1 ?an we _h71 are said to pref] x to ! cle> infusion drunk 9 ,france4 ,9 e hut y w see ^! c(fee-boil]s susp5d$1 & ! means = p\nd+ ! roa/$ b]ry w be f\nd at h&40--,,*ri/mas',s ,%ores & ,isl&s ( ! ,m$it]ranean4 8,a small vessel1 conta9+ ab\t a w9e-glass ( wat]1 is plac$ on ! fire1 &1 :5 boil+1 a teaspoonful ( gr\nd c(fee is put into x1 /irr$ up1 & x is suff]$ to boil & #8bubble' a few seconds long]1 :5 x is p\r$ 7gr\nds & all7 into a cup ab\t ! size ( an egg-%ell1 encas$ 9 gold or silv] filigree-"w1 to protect ! f+] f ! heat2 & ! liquid1 9 its scald+1 black1 ?ick1 & tr\bl$ /ate1 is imbib$ ) ! greate/ reli%4 ,l smok+1 x mu/ be q an acquir$ ta/e40--,,maxwell',s ,%ores ( ! ,m$it]ranean4 ,,*icory ,,section ,i4 ,,introduction ,,into ,,engl&4--,,cont95tal ,,production ,,& ,,consumption4 ,! t]m *icory is an ,anglicis$ ,fr5* ^w1 ! orig9al be+ *icore4 ,! plant is kn[n to botani/s by ! "n ( ,ci*orium ,intybus1 & belongs to ! natural ord] ,composit1 tribe ,ci*ore4 ,x is an indig5\s plant ) a p]5nial root1 bett] kn[n probably to mo/ read]s by its ,engli% appellation ( wild succory4 ,! root is sp9dle-%ap$1 ) a s+le or d\ble head2 ext]nally x is :iti% or gre5i% yell[2 int]nally1 :iti%1 fle%y1 & milky4 ,! roots gr[n 9 ?is c\ntry are small]1 & m woody or fibr\s ?an ^? :i* are import$ f ! ,cont95t4 ,! cultivation & consumption ( *icory h n[ atta9$ a v great importance1 n only on ! ,cont95t1 b also 9 ! ,unit$ ,k+dom4 ,dat+ its ext5d$ use *iefly f ! sy/em pursu$ by ! fir/ ,napoleon to sub/itute home-gr[n = colonial products1 x has gradually become approv$ & popul>is$ = a bev]age1 ei!r us$ alone or m g5]ally mix$ ) c(fee1 9 num]\s c\ntries1 :]e x c be sold f> "u ! price ( ev5 ! l[e/ grade c(fees4 ,! manufacture ( a factiti\s c(fee f roa/$ *icory-root w\ld seem to h orig9at$ 9 ,holl&1 :]e x has be5 us$ = m ?an a c5tury4 ,x rema9$ a secret until #ahja1 :5 x 0 introduc$ into ,france by ,m4 ,orban ( ,lige1 & ,m4 ,giraud ( ,hom+1 a %ort di/ance f ,val5ci5nes4 ,?is root is n sup]ior to _m o!rs :i* possess sweet & muc\s pr9ciples1 b ( all ! plants :i* h be5 propos$ z sub/itutes = c(fee1 & :i*1 :5 roa/$ & /eep$ 9 boil+ wat]1 yield an infusion resembl+ ! b]ry1 x is ! only "o :i* has ma9ta9$ its gr\nd4 ,! ,fr5*1 n satisfi$ ) *icory1 h rec5tly introduc$ acorn c(fee & roa/$ beetroot4 ,! beet1 x is ass]t$1 besides communicat+ its hygi5ic qualities1 also helps to sweet5 ! bev]age4 ,?is new c(fee is call$ 8caf de bett]ave10 z ! old 0 call$ 8caf *icore40 ,^! di/9ctions w soon become z puzzl+ z ^? 9 ,am]ica1 :i* l$ ! ,iri% wait] to ask if ! g5tleman w\ld h c(fee-tay or tay-tay4 ,mr4 ,george ,phillips1 :5 giv+ evid5ce be=e ,mr4 ,s*olefield's ,p>liam5t>y ,committee on ,adult]ation1 9 #ahee1 /at$ t1 prior to ! ye> #ahcb1 little 0 he>d ( ! use ( *icory 9 ?is c\ntry1 b 9 ! subsequ5t ?ree ye>s its use _h gradually s increas$ t ! ,bo>d ( ,inl& ,rev5ue 0 oblig$ to take /eps aga9/ ! sale4 8,i h no d\bt 7he adds71 f my own exp]i5ce1 t a v l>ge bulk ( ! public pref] ! mixture4 ,t1 h[ev]1 is a matt] ( ta/e4 ,! trade cont5d t good c(fee1 mix$ ) "o-eigh? "p ( *icory1 & sold at a mod]ate price1 makes a bett] bev]age ?an ord9>y c(fee w\ld d at ! same price1 & ! great mass ( ! public pref] x4 ,*icory sold z c(fee yields a c]ta9 pr(it1 b probably x equalises itself 9 ! g5]al competition ( trade4 ,!re is a l>ge quantity ( *icory sold by itself1 & drank z a bev]age 9 ! neighb\rhood ( ,man*e/] & ,liv]pool4 ,i believe ! price ( a p\nd ( ! *eape/ k9d ( c(fee1 pur*as$ by ! bulk ( ! poor p1 & a p\nd ( ! mixture1 is ab\t ! same4 ,! trade say1 :5 we use a portion ( *icory we use a bett] c(fee4 ,i d n "k ! fact ( my own k4 ,:e!r ! c(fee sold 9 mixtures is ( a sup]ior quality to t sold z a pure article w\ld be v difficult to asc]ta92 x dep5ds ^u ! "q ( ta/e & aroma4 ,! *icory itself is n always pure40 ,on ! fir/ introduction ( *icory into ,great ,brita9 a nom9al duty ( #bj p] c5t4 0 levi$ on x1 :i*1 ow+ to ! repres5tations ( ! c(fee-plant]s1 0 aft]w>ds increas$ to ! same rate z t !n payable on ,briti% plantation c(fee4 ,! high duty ?us levi$ on =eign-gr[n *icory soon l$ to its cultivation 9 ,engl&1 b s little 0 kn[n ( ! plant t ! f>m]s requir$ ! r5t to be paid 9 advance = ! use ( _! l&4 ,9 ! autumn ( #ahec we f9d *icory gr[n 9 ,k5t1 ,surrey1 & ,essex1 :]e ! article 0 prep>$1 & met ) a l>ge sale4 ,) ! increas+ dem& = ! root1 its culture spread to ,b$=d1 ,norfolk1 ,suffolk1 ,cambridge%ire1 ,leice/]%ire1 ,*e%ire1 & ,york%ire4 ,at fir/ ! price realis$ 0 z high z #ejl4 p] ton gr\nd1 & #bjl4 p] ton 9 ! root4 ,b z ! gr[? ext5d$ ! price rec$$4 ,! admission1 duty free1 ( =eign-gr[n *icory1 9 #ahed1 l$ to ! ab&onm5t ( mu* ( ! home culture4 ,9 #ahdb1 ,mr4 ,mc,culloch assum$ ! gr[? & consumption ( *icory 9 ! ,unit$ ,k+dom to be #f million p\nds2 9 #ahej1 f c>eful inquiries ,i in/itut$1 ,i e/imat$ ! consumption !n to be d\ble t am\nt4 ,mr4 ,brai?waite ,poole1 9 8 8,/ati/ics ( ,comm]ce10 publi%$ 9 #aheb1 rat$ ! actual production ( *icory-root1 made into p[d] 9 ,engl& & ,gu]nsey1 !n z high z #ad1jjj tons1 wor?1 at #bbl4 p] ton1 #cjh1jjjl4 ,! gradually increas+ imports ( =eign-gr[n replaces mu* =m]ly produc$ at home1 b ! *anges 9 legislative enactm5ts h mu* int]f]$ ) ! consumption ( *icory "h1 & h5ce ! import is n s remun]ative4 ,f #ahef to #ahei ! imports ( =eign *icory 9 ! root rose f #ha1gba cwts4 to #bfg1jjj cwts41 b !re has s9ce be5 a gradual decl9e to #de1efc cwts4 9 #ahfb4 ,! value has rang$ f #fs4 to #ajs4 #f;d4 p] cwt4 ,! l>ge/ quantity comes f ,belgium1 ! next f ,holl&1 & a little f ,hamburg & o!r qu>t]s4 ,!re are also "s consid]able imports ( roa/$ & gr\nd *icory1 :i* is *iefly re-export$2 #gf1bjf lbs4 ( *icory-p[d] 7 import$ 9 #ahfb4 ,roa/$ & r$uc$ to p[d] *icory is ! mo/ univ]sal sub/itute = c(fee 9 ! *ief cont95tal c\ntries1 especially 9 ,france1 ,switz]l&1 ,g]many1 ,belgium1 ,holl&1 ,d5m>k1 ,russia1 & o!r ,nor!rn ,/ates4 ,9 ,g]many1 ! gr\nd *icory is made up into cakes1 & sold 9 t =m4 ,d5m>k & ! ,du*ies consume ab\t #c1jjj1jjj lbs4 annually4 ,a few ye>s ago ! annual import ( *icory-root into ,hamburg 0 #bd1fjj cwts41 & ( gr\nd *icory & o!r c(fee sub/itutes #ac1jjj cwts4 ,belgium exports #f1jjj1jjj or #g1jjj1jjj lbs4 ye>ly4 ,! quantity ( ! dri$ root consum$ 9 ,france is ab\t #af1jjj1jjj lbs4 a ye>4 ,=m]ly !y 7 able to export #a1jjj1jjj or #b1jjj1jjj lbs41 b n[ en\gh is n produc$ = home consumption4 ,9 #ahfj1 ab\t #aj1jjj1jjj lbs4 ( *icory-root 0 import$ into ,france1 *iefly f ,belgium1 & ab\t #ffj1jjj lbs4 ( *icory 9 p[d] 0 export$1 *iefly to ,alg]ia4 ,till )9 a few ye>s ! cultivation 0 c>ri$ on pr9cipally ne> ,val5ci5nes1 b lately manufactories h sprung up 9 sev]al localities1 especially at ,arras1 ,cambray1 ,lille1 ,p>is1 ,s5lis1 9 ,norm&y1 ,brittany1 c4 ,9 "s p>ts ( ,g]many ! wom5 are becom+ regul> *icory-top]s1 mak+ ( x an important "p ( _! daily su/5ance4 ,,section ,,ii4 ,,cultivation1 ,,h>ve/+1 ,,& ,,prep>ation ,,= ,,m>ket4 ,!re are _m v>ieties ( ?is plant1 ! great] "p ( :i* h blue fl[]s2 "s are :ite1 & o!rs r$4 ,9 ,brunswick !y only gr[ ! broad-leav$1 or native k9d1 or ! small-leav$1 :i* has long roots1 & is a native ( ,magdeburg4 ,! =m] is1 h[ev]1 pref]r$1 on acc\nt ( its be+ ! ri*e/4 ,9 ,altona !y gr[ a m$ium v>iety1 :i* has nei!r v n>r[ nor v broad leaves4 ,! plant ?rives 9 all soils t w gr[ c>rots2 inde$1 ! mode ( cultivat+ "o is mu* l t ( ! o!r4 ,! roots seem1 h[ev]1 to gr[ be/ ^u a loamy soil1 ) a clayey subsoil1 dry1 deep1 & ri*4 ,x v seldom ?rives 9 heavy clay l&1 & nev] 9 s& or wet l&4 ,x requires mu* manure4 ,9 prep>+ ! l& deep pl\gh+ is recomm5d$2 b1 unless ! soil is v deep1 x is probable t subsoil pl\gh+ w answ] bett]4 ,! surface mu/ be well work$2 inde$1 x _c be r$uc$ to too f9e a m\ld4 ,z ! plants are a long "t 9 com+ up1 g5]ally five or six weeks f ! "t ( s[+ ! se$1 x is necess>y t ! l& %\ld be v clean1 or ! we$s 7p>ticul>ly *ickwe$7 are liable to ov]top & smo!r ! "y plants4 ,! "t ( s[+ v>ies 9 diff]5t di/ricts2 9 ! midl& & ea/]n c\nties ( ,engl&1 ! second or ?ird week 9 ,may is consid]$ be/1 = if s[n e>li]1 _m ( ! plants w run to se$1 9 :i* case !y are call$ 8runn]s0 or 8trumpet]s10 & mu/ be c>efully dug out & de/roy$ :5 ! "t = tak+ up has arriv$1 because if all[$ to become mix$ ) ! bulk1 !y w spoil ! sample4 ,! be/ crops h be5 obta9$ :5 ! se$ has be5 s[n broadca/2 b ! pref]5ce is usually giv5 to drill+1 ! crop be+ m easily ho$ & cleans$4 ,! r[s are g5]ally f #i to #ab in*es ap>t1 & ab\t #c or #d lbs4 ( se$ p] acre is ! quantity us$4 ,mo/ ( ! cultivators ( *icory s+le out ! plants s z to leave spaces betwe5 !m 9 ! r[s1 ea* ab\t #f or #h in*es long2 b !re are _m :o d n d ?is1 fancy+ t f\r or five small plants produce m weight ( root ?an "o l>ge plant2 ! exp$i5cy ( ?is1 h[ev]1 is v que/ionable1 z x does n all[ ( ! l& be+ ne>ly s well clean$ z :5 ! practice ( s+l+ is adopt$4 ,9 ,octob] or ,novemb]1 ! "w ( tak+ up ! roots may be comm5c$1 & cont9u$ dur+ ! w9t] 7if ! crop _c be previ\sly secur$71 until x is f9i%$4 ,al?\gh ! roots p5etrate a long way d[nw>ds1 !y become too ?9 bel[ #ad or #ae in*es to be useful1 & ! utmo/ c>e is also requir$ 9 ord] to get up t portion ( ! root :i* w prove pr(itable4 ,9 "s cases *icory has be5 pl\gh$ up1 ab\t #ab in*es deep1 ) a /rong ca/-iron pl\gh drawn by six horses1 hav+ m5 to =k ea* furr[ to pieces ) common potato-=ks be=e a second furr[ is pl\gh$ ^u x1 & wom5 & *ildr5 foll[+ to pick up ! roots & cut (f ! tops4 ,b ! be/ me?od is f\nd to be t ( digg+ up ! roots ) d\ble-prong$ /rongly-made iron =ks1 ! blades be+ ab\t #ad in*es 9 l5g?1 & ea* =k1 ) %aft & h&le complete1 weigh+ ab\t #h lbs4 ,! plan ( pl\gh+ is liable to br+ too mu* ( ! subsoil to ! surface1 & co/s q z mu*1 if n m1 ?an digg+4 ,! advantage :i* is look$ = 9 pl\gh+1 is to ensure gett+ ! roots up f a great] dep? ?an c be done by digg+1 z a great numb] break (f ab\t #h or #i in*es long1 unless a boy is employ$ to assi/ ! digg]s1 & is v c>eful to pull ! top at ! precise "t t ! man presses ! root upw>d ) 8 =k4 ,:5 dug1 ! tops %\ld be neatly cut (f1 & ! roots convey$ to ! wa%+-h\se to be clean$4 ,sometimes !y are e>!d 9 pits1 b1 g5]ally speak+1 !y are tak5 to ! wa%+-h\se imm$iately aft] be+ dug up4 ,9 ! =m] case1 on ! ,cont95t1 ! roots1 ) ! leaves cut (f1 are ?r[n1 9 heaps ( f f\r to six feet 9 l5g?1 wid?1 & height1 on ! surface ( ! gr\nd2 "s /raw & !n "s e>? are put ar\nd4 ,b g5]ally ! gr[]s deliv] ! roots to ! manufactur]s f ! latt] end ( ,augu/ to ,novemb]1 by :om !y are imm$iately dri$4 ,! root is f #b to #d in*es ?ick1 #c to #g in*es long1 & occasionally1 9 a good soil1 #c lbs4 9 weight4 ,9 ,brunswick !y obta9 f #d to #f tons ( root p] ,brunswick acre4 ,! weight ( ! crop dep5ds entirely ^u ! ri*ness or pov]ty ( ! soil1 ! tillage & manure x has receiv$1 & o!r circum/ances4 ,! fault 9 ,engl& is ! /riv+ to gr[ z heavy a crop z possible1 to ! v great detrim5t ( ! quality ( ! root = p[d]4 ,9 ,brunswick ! price ( ! root 9 ! orig9al /ate v>ies f #bjs4 to #djs4 p] ton1 accord+ z ! crops h be5 good or bad1 & an acre w realise f #el4 to #gl4 ,! co/ = cultivation is f #cl4 #aes4 to #dl4 #ajs42 #a to #b tons is ab\t an av]age crop4 ,mr4 ,william ,/rickney1 :o has gr[n & prep>$ *icory = ! manufactur] to a v great ext5t1 on a l>ge f>m ne> ,hull1 e/imates ! exp5se ( ! cultivation ( *icory !re at #dl4 #es4 #f;d4 p] acre1 & if we add to ?is #bl4 #ajs4 = r5t1 manure1 c41 x gives #fl4 #aes4 #f;d4 ,! produce on suitable l& he /ates to be f #h to #ab tons p] acre1 & x requires #d tons ( gre5 root to make #a ton ( dri$4 ,9 ! dri$ /ate ! root is wor? f #abl4 to #bdl4 p] ton4 ,take #aj tons p] acre1 at #bl4 #ajs4 p] ton1 & ?is w\ld leave a pr(it p] acre ( #ahl4 #ds4 #f;d4 ,ano!r compet5t agricultural au?ority /ates t ! price ( #b tons ( dry root = ! acre1 at #abl4 p] ton1 w\ld be #bgl42 d$uct+ #gl4 = r5t1 lab\r1 & o!r exp5ses1 ?is w\ld leave a pr(it ( #bjl4 p] acre4 ,! roots are cut into small pieces ( ab\t half-in* or ?ree-qu>t] in* l5g?s by a turnip-cutt]1 or by h&1 ! object be+ to h ! pieces ( z uni=m a size z possible4 ,! slices are !n dri$ 9 a kiln3 ?is process wa/+ ! *icory f #ge to #hj p] c5t4 ,x is !n m>ketable1 & is usually sold to ! drysalt]s & groc]s1 :o roa/ & gr9d x z !y d c(fee4 ,9 ! gr\nd /ate x may be kept = ye>s1 b x soon cakes4 ,! roa/$ root is empti$ into iron vessels1 &1 aft] cool+1 is cru%$ 9 v]tical /one mills1 or betwe5 iron cyl9d]s4 ,! dri$ roots cut are roa/$ 9 ?is c\ntry l c(fee4 ,! loss dur+ roa/+ is f #be to #cj p] c5t4 ,! roa/]s g5]ally introduce into ! roa/+ ma*9e ab\t #b lbs4 ( l>d = e cwt4 ( *icory4 ,"s say ?is is to give ! *icory a bett] face1 o!rs /ate t x r5d]s ! p[d] less hygrometric4 ,inf]ior k9ds ( *icory are alleg$ to be col\r$ ) ,v5etian r$4 ,*icory is occasionally adult]at$ ) roa/$ pulse 7call$ ,hambro' p[d]71 damag$ corn1 & c(fee husks 78c(fee flights10 z !y are te*nically t]m$74 ,we h also he>d ( p>snips hav+ be5 roa/$1 gr\nd1 & mix$ ) *icory4 ,dr4 ,hassall gives a long li/ ( o!r sub/ances :i* h be5 f\nd z adult]ants ( c(fee4 ,treacle is sometimes introduc$ into fictiti\s *icory1 to give ! c>amel or sac*>9e od\r possess$ by real *icory4 ,dr4 ,hassall says ! roa/$ *icory root yields f #de to #fe p] c5t4 ( soluble extractive4 ,its solution 9 wat] is acid1 & x does n possess ! peculi> bitt] ta/e ( ! raw root2 b ! ta/e ( ! liquid is m l t ( burnt sug>4 ,! copp] te/ %[s ! pres5ce ( f #aj to #ac p] c5t4 ( sug>4 ,,section ,,iii4 ,,/ructure ,,& ,,*emical ,,composition4 ,! foll[+ analysis repres5ts ! p]-c5tage composition ( *icory root 9 its diff]5t conditions3 ,raw root4 ,kiln dri$4 ,hygroscopic moi/ure #ggj #aej ,gummy matt] 7l pect9e7 #ge #bjh ,glucose1 or grape sug> #aa #aje ,bitt] extractive #dj #aic ,fatty matt] #jf #ai ,cellulose1 inul9e1 & woody matt] #ij #bie ,a% #jh #cj ----- ----- #ajjj #ajjj ,! composition ( ! roa/$ root 0 z foll[s3 #a/ species4 #bnd species4 ,hygroscopic moi/ure #ade #abh ,gummy matt] #ie #adi ,glucose #abb #ajd ,matt] l burnt sug> #bia #bdd ,fatty matt] #bj #bb ,br[n or burnt woody matt] #bhd #bhe ,a% #dc #fh ----- ----- #ajjj #ajjj ,dr4 ,hassall gives ! foll[+ results ( trials in/itut$ to det]m9e ! effect ( *icory on ! human frame4 ,?ree p]sons p>took ( a *icory breakfa/4 ,! infusion 0 d>k-col\r$1 ?ick1 de/itute ( ! agreeable & refre%+ aroma s *>act]i/ic ( c(fee1 & 0 ( a bitt] ta/e4 ,ea* individual exp]i5c$ = "s "t aft] dr9k+ ?is infusion a s5sation ( heav9ess1 dr[s9ess1 a feel+ ( weight at ! /oma*1 & great indisposition to ex]tion2 9 two heada*e set 91 & 9 ! ?ird ! b[els 7 relax$4 ,9 second & ?ird trials ( ! *icory breakfa/ ! same feel+s ( dr[s9ess1 weight ( ! /oma*1 & want ( en]gy 7 exp]i5c$1 b no heada*e or di>rha4 ,sev]al o!r trials 7 subsequ5tly made1 ) ne>ly simil> results4 ,b *icory1 x w be said1 is seldom tak5 alone 9 ?is c\ntry1 & :5 mix$ ) c(fee ^! effects are n produc$4 ,two p]sons p>took1 = a consid]able p]iod1 twice a day1 ( an article d5om9at$ c(fee1 co/+ #as4 #f;d4 a p\nd1 & l>gely adult]at$ ) *icory2 dur+ ne>ly ! :ole ( ?is "t !y bo? suff]$ m or less f di>rha4 ,f ! results ( ^! trials1 !re=e1 we are w>rant$ 9 conclud+ t at lea/ "s d\bt is atta*$ to ! ass]tion ( ! :olesome prop]ties ( *icory-root z an article ( diet4 ,sev]al *>act]s1 suffici5tly simple & easily recognis$ = g5]al application1 h be5 indicat$ 9 diff]5t works = detect+ ! addition ( roa/$ *icory to c(fee 9 ! roa/$ & gr\nd /ate1 b ! application ( *emical reag5ts = detect+ ! pres5ce ( ! col\r+ matt] ( roa/$ *icory1 :5 add$ to infusion ( c(fee1 has n yet prov$ successful4 ,! br[ni%-yell[ col\r+ matt] :i* is develop$ 9 *icory-root by ! process ( roa/+1 :5 dissolv$ 9 wat] by infusion or decoction1 reta9s its col\r1 or becomes a little deep] by ! action ( p]salts ( iron1 )\t giv+ rise to any precipitation4 ,! br[n col\r+ matt] ( roa/$ c(fee1 on ! o!r h&1 acquires1 f ! same reag5t1 a gre5 col\r1 & a br[ni%-gre5 floccul5t precipitate is =m$4 ,^! two diff]5t reactions may be appli$1 n only = di/+ui%+ ! pure infusion ( c(fee & ( *icory1 b also ^? :i* conta9 a mixture ( ! soluble pr9ciples ( ! two alim5t>y sub/ances4 ,infusion ( pure c(fee acquires a gre5 col\r1 m or less int5se1 on ! addition ( "s drops ( p]sulphate ( iron4 ,infusion ( pure *icory1 "u simil> circum/ances1 reta9s its br[ni%-yell[ col\r1 :i* becomes m int5se1 & acquires a slight gre5i% t9t4 ,a mixture ( ! two infusions1 conta9+ "o-half1 a f\r?1 or a fif? ( its volume ( infusion ( *icory1 may be recognis$ by its br[ni%-yell[ col\r1 :i* rema9s aft] ! deposition ( ! precipitate produc$ by ! salt ( iron1 toge!r ) "p ( ! col\r+ matt] ( ! c(fee4 ,?is sep>ation may be exp$it$ by r5d]+ ! col\r$ liquor slightly alkal9e by ! addition ( a small quantity ( weak solution ( ammonia1 & all[+ x to /& 9 tubes clos$ at "o end4 ,! sup]natant liquor1 aft] ! precipitate has deposit$1 w possess a br[ni%-yell[ t9t by refract$ light1 :i* w be deep] 9 proportion to ! quantity ( *icory pres5t4 ,if ! exp]im5t be fir/ made ) infusion ( pure c(fee ( a c]ta9 /r5g?1 & aft]w>ds ) additions ( kn[n quantities ( *icory1 keep+ ^! = comp>ison1 ! quantity ( *icory 9 a mix$ sample may be ?us det]m9$4#b ,a simple means ( detect+ ! *icory 9 gr\nd c(fee is z foll[s3 ,?r[ ab\t a tea-spoonful ( ! suspect$ c(fee 9 a w9e-glass ( wat]1 & /ir ! mixture ) a spoon4 ,if ,illu/ration3 ,plate #aj4 ,fragm5t ( ,roa/$ ,*icory4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,fragm5t ( ,roa/$ ,c(fee1 be+ magnifi$ #adj diamet]s4 ! c(fee be pure1 x = ! mo/ "p floats1 becomes v sl[ly moi/5$1 ev5 :5 %ak5 up ) ! wat]1 & communicates sc>cely any col\r to ! liquid2 v gradually x imbibes wat]2 ! liquid acquires a v pale %]ry t9t2 & at ! end ( sev]al h\rs ! great] "p ( ! p[d] is f\nd to h fall5 to ! bottom ( ! glass4 ,if1 h[ev]1 x be *icoris$1 ! pres5ce ( *icory 7g5u9e or spuri\s7 w be readily detect$1 by a portion ( ! suspect$ p[d] rapidly s9k+ & communicat+ to ! liquid a r$di%-br[n t9t1 :i* w be m or less deep accord+ to ! am\nt ( *icory pres5t4 ,if ! c(fee be adult]at$ ) :at is call$ ,hambro' p[d] 7roa/$ & gr\nd peas1 c41 col\r$ ) ,v5etian r$7 or roa/$ corn1 we h a fur!r te/ 9 iod9e1 :i* communicates a purpli% or blui%-r$ t9t to ! wat] to :i* ei!r ( ^! sub/ances has be5 add$4 ,! prec$+ te/ is suffici5tly delicate & valuable1 9 all ord9>y cases1 = detect+ *icory 9 c(fee2 b to ^? famili> ) microscopic inve/igations1 ! microscope furni%es ano!r mode ( proce$+3 fragm5ts ( dott$ ducts be+ f\nd 9 *icory1 b n 9 pure c(fee4 ,!y are n met )1 h[ev]1 9 great abundance2 & "s pati5ce & c>e1 !re=e1 are requisite 9 se>*+ = !m4 ,! />* gra9s ( ,hambro' p[d] are readily detect$ by ! microscope1 z also ! black5+ effect ( a solution ( iod9e on !m4 ,plate #aj repres5ts ! /ructure & "* ( g5u9e gr\nd roa/$ c(fee1 & ( a fragm5t ( roa/$ *icory-root1 %[+ ! dott$ or int]rupt$ spiral vessels :i* pass 9 bundles ?r\gh ! c5tral p>ts ( ! root1 magnifi$ #adj diamet]s2 copi$1 by p]mission1 f ,dr4 ,hassall's "w on 8,food & its ,adult]ations40 ,9 ! raw *icory-root ?ree p>ts or /ructures may be di/+ui%$ ) facility1 cells1 dott$ vessels1 & vessels ( ! latex4 ,^! vessels af=d useful means ( di/+ui%+ *icory f "s o!r roots employ$ 9 ! adult]ation ( c(fee4 ,! *ief "p ( ! root is made up ( little utricles or cells4 ,^! are g5]ally ( a r\nd$ =m1 b sometimes !y are n>r[ & elongat$4 ,! =m] occur :5 ! pressure is lea/ & ! root s(t1 ! latt] 9 ! neighb\rhood ( ! vessels4#c ,!re are f\r *>act]s by :i* adult]at$ *icory may be di/+ui%$ f ! g5u9e4 #a/4 ,x yields to cold wat] a mu* :it] col\r4 ,9 us+ ?is te/ x is necess>y to h a sample ( g5u9e *icory = comp>ison4 #bndly4 ,a decoction ( *icory conta9+ ei!r roa/$ gra9 or pulse1 yields :5 cold a purpli% or blui%-black col\r1 ) a solution ( iod9e2 :]eas a correspond+ decoction ( g5u9e *icory is m]ely col\r$ br[n by iod9e4 #crdly4 ,! microscope detects 9 adult]at$ *icory ! torrefi$ />* gra9s ( ei!r corn or pulse4 ,t !y are />* gra9s is %[n by ! action ( a solution ( iod9e1 :i* black5s !m4 #d?ly4 ,! od\r & flav\r w sometimes detect adult]ations4 ,roa/$ & gr\nd *icory attracts wat] f ! air1 & !reby increases 9 weight & becomes clammy4 ,! gr9d]s are accu/om$ to return z mu* by weight ( gr\nd *icory z !y receive ( ! ungr\nd root1 = ! loss :i* ! root suff]s by gr9d+ is m ?an comp5sat$ by ! absorption ( wat] f ! air4 ,,! ,,end4 ,c4 ,,:it+1 ,,beau=t ,,h\se1 ,,/r&4 ,,footnotes3 #a3 ,mr4 ,j4 ,crawfurd on ! ,hi/ory ( ,c(fee1 9 ! ,/ati/ical ,society's ,j\rnal1 vol4 xv4 p4 #ea4 #b3 ,m4 ,lassaigne1 9 8,j\rnal de ,*imie ,mdicale40 #c3 8,food & its ,adult]ations40