,,pr9ciple ,,9 ,,art ,,etc4 ,,pr9ciple ,,9 ,,art ,,etc4 ,,by ,,cov5try ,,patmore ,,london ,,george ,,bell ,,& ,,sons1 ,,york ,,/reet1 ,,cov5t ,,g>d5 #ahhi ,,preface ,) "o exception1 namely ! la/ ,pap] 9 ! ,collection1 :i* appe>$ 9 ! ,=tnightly ,review1 all ^! ,essays 7 pr9t$ 9 ! ,/4 ,james's ,gazette dur+ ! editor%ip ( ,mr4 ,gre5wood4 ,! ,essay on 8,ar*itectural ,/yles0 conta9s a summ>y ( pr9ciples :i* ,i /at$1 "s ?irty ye>s ago1 9 v>i\s ,articles1 *iefly 9 ! ,ed9burgh ,review4 ,z ?is ,essay n[ /&s1 ,i hope t read]s1 :o h k en\gh to enable !m to judge1 w f9d 9 x an example ( ! k9d ( criticism :i* ,i h advocat$ e>li] 9 ! volume4 ,,cov5try ,,patmore4 ,,cont5ts ,,essay ,,page ,i4 ,,pr9ciple ,,9 ,,art #a ,,ii4 ,,real ,,appreh5sion #f ,,iii4 ,,se]s1 ,,?9k]s1 ,,& ,,talk]s #ad ,,iv4 ,,possibilities ,,& ,,p]=mances #be ,v4 ,,*e]fulness ,,9 ,,life ,,& ,,art #ca ,,vi4 ,,! ,,po9t ,,( ,,re/ ,,9 ,,art #cg ,,vii4 ,,imag9ation #dc ,,viii4 ,,pa?os #di ,,ix4 ,,poetical ,,integrity #ef ,x4 ,,! ,,poetry ,,( ,,negation #fb ,,xi4 ,,! ,,limitations ,,( ,,g5ius #fg ,,xii4 ,,love ,,& ,,poetry #gb ,,xiii4 ,,keats #hj ,,xiv4 ,,:at ,,%elley ,,0 #hg ,,xv4 ,,blake #ig ,,xvi4 ,,rossetti ,,z ,a ,,poet #ajc ,,xvii4 ,,mr4 ,,sw9burne',s ,,selections #aab ,,xviii4 ,,ar?ur ,,hugh ,,cl\gh #aah ,,xix4 ,,em]son #abe ,,xx4 ,,crabbe ,,& ,,%elley #acd ,,xxi4 ,,%all ,,smi? ,,h ,a ,,/atue8 #ada ,,xxii4 ,,ideal ,,& ,,mat]ial ,,greatness ,,9 ,,ar*itecture #adf ,,xxiii4 8,,old ,,engli%0 ,,ar*itecture1 ,,anci5t ,,& ,,mod]n #aed ,,xxiv4 ,,ar*itectural ,,/yles #afj ,,xxv4 ,,?\ghts ,,on ,,k1 ,,op9ion1 ,,& ,,inequality #bjb ,i ,,pr9ciple ,,9 ,,art ,x is n true1 ?\gh x has s (t5 be5 ass]t$1 t criticism is ( no use or ( little use to art4 ,?is notion prevails s widely only because--among u at lea/--criticism has n be5 criticism4 ,to criticise is to judge2 to judge requires judicial qualification2 & ?is is q a diff]5t ?+ f a natural s5sitiv5ess to beauty1 h[ev] mu* t s5sitiv5ess may h become height5$ by conv]se ) ref9$ & beautiful objects ( nature & works ( art4 8,criticism10 :i* has be5 ! outcome only ( su* s5sitiv5ess & su* conv]se1 may be1 & (t5 is1--delightful read+1 & is naturally f> m popul> ?an criticism :i* is truly judicial4 ,! pseudo-criticism1 ( :i* we h _h su* floods dur+ ! pa/ half-c5tury1 delights by sympa?y )1 & p]haps expansion (1 our own s5sations2 true criticism appeals to ! intellect1 & rebukes ! read] z (t5 z x does ! arti/ = 8 ignorance & 8 mi/akes4 ,su* criticism may n be able to produce good art2 b bad art collapses at ! contact ( its brea?1 z ! /eam 9 ! cyl9d] ( an eng9e collapses on ea* admission ( ! spray ( cold wat]2 & ?us1 al?\gh good criticism _c produce art1 x removes endless h9drances to its production1 & t5ds to provide art ) its *ief motive-p[]1 a public prep>$ to ackn[l$ge x4 ,! enunciation ( a s+le pr9ciple has sometimes1 almo/ at a bl[1 revolutionis$ n only ! te*nical practice ( an art1 b ! popul> ta/e ) reg>d to x4 ,/rawb]ry ,hill ,go?ic vani%$ l a nightm>e :5 ,pug9 = ! fir/ "t au?oritatively ass]t$ & prov$ t ar*itectural decoration c\ld nev] prop]ly be an addition to con/ructive features1 b only a fa%ion+ ( !m4 ,! tru? 0 manife/ at once to amateur z well z to ar*itect2 & ?is "o pr9ciple proves to h conta9$ a p[] ev5 ( popul> culture f> great] ?an all ! spl5did 8sympa!tic0 criticism :i* foll[$ dur+ ! next fifty ye>s4 ,& x has done no?+ b good1 :]eas ! latt] k9d ( writ+1 toge!r ) mu* good1 has done mu* h>m4 ,pug9's insight did n enable him to discov] ! almo/ equally cle> & simple pr9ciple :i* gov]ns ! special =m ( decoration t prop]ly *>act]ises ea* ( ! great /yles ( ar*itecture4 ,!re=e1 :ile 8 law ( con/ructional decoration compell$ all succe$+ 8critics0 to keep )9 its b\nds1 !y 7 /ill free to give ! re9 to m]e fancy z to ! nature ( ! decoration itself2 & ?is has be5 becom+ worse & worse 9 proportion z critics & ar*itects ( g5ius1 b ( no pr9ciple1 h dep>t$ f ! dry tradition ( decorative =m :i* prevail$ 9 ,pug9's day1 & :i* f9ds its or?odox expression 9 ,p>k]'s ,gloss>y & ! elem5t>y works ( ,bloxam & ,rickman4 ,s5sitiv5ess or natural 8ta/e10 ap>t f pr9ciple1 is1 9 art1 :at love is ap>t f tru? 9 morals4 ,! /rong] x is1 ! fur!r x is likely to g wrong4 ,no?+ c be m t5d]ly 8felt0 ?an a s*ool ( pa9t+ :i* is n[ mu* 9 fav\r2 b1 = want ( k & mascul9e pr9ciple1 x has come to delight 9 repres5t+ ugl9ess & corruption 9 place ( heal? & beauty4 ,v5us or ,hebe becomes1 9 its h&s1 no?+ b a ,dame aux ,camlias 9 ! la/ /age ( moral & physical det]ioration4 ,a few infallible &1 :5 once utt]$1 self-evid5t pr9ciples w\ld at once put a /op to ?is sort ( repres5tation among arti/s2 & ! public w\ld soon le>n to be repell$ by :at n[ mo/ attracts !m1 be+ !nce=w>d guid$ by a critical consci5ce1 :i* is ! condition ( 8good ta/e40 ,!re is little t is conclusive or fruitful 9 any ( ! criticism ( ! pres5t day4 ,! v "n t x has *os51 8/hetics10 conta9s an impli$ admission ( its lack ( virility or pr9ciple4 ,we d n ?9k ( ,less+'s ,laocon1 :i* is "o ( ! f9e/ pieces ( critical writ+ 9 ! _w1 z belong+ to 8/hetics02 &1 l x1 ! critical say+s ( ,goe! & ,col]idge seem to app]ta9 to a sci5ce des]v+ a nobl] "n--a sci5ce 9 :i* tru? /&s fir/ & feel+ second1 & ( :i* ! conclusions are demon/rable & irrev]sible4 ,a critic ( ! pres5t day1 9 attempt+ to describe ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! usual con/ruction ( a passage by ,flet*] & "o by ,%akespe>e1 w\ld beat helplessly ab\t ! bu%1 tell+ u _m ?+s ab\t ! diff]5t sorts ( feel+s awak5$ by ! "o & by ! o!r1 & conclud+1 & desir+ to conclude1 no?+4 ,col]idge 9 a s+le s5t5ce def9es ! diff]5ce1 & e/abli%es ,%akespe>e's immeasurable sup]iority ) ! cle>ness & f9ality ( a ma!matical /atem5t2 & ! delight ( ! read] ( ,%akespe>e is = ev] height5$ because x is less ?an be=e a zeal )\t k4 ,!re already exi/s1 9 ! writ+s & say+s ( ,ari/otle1 ,hegel1 ,less+1 ,goe!1 & o!rs1 ! great] "p ( ! mat]ials necess>y = ! =mation ( a body ( ,in/itutes ( ,art :i* w\ld sup]s$e & ext+ui% ne>ly all ! desultory *att] :i* n[ passes = criticism1 & :i* w\ld g f> to =m a true & abid+ popul> ta/e--"o :i* c\ld r5d] "s reason = its lik+s & dislik+s4 ,! man1 h[ev]1 :o c\ld put su* mat]ials toge!r & add su* z are want+ does n live2 or at any rate he is n kn[n4 ,hegel might h done x1 _h 8 arti/ic p]ception be5 z f9e & /rong z 8 intellect2 :i* w\ld !n h express$ its conclusions )\t ! mi/ ( obscurity 9 :i*1 = ne>ly all read]s1 !y are at pres5t %r\d$4 ,9 ! meantime x w\ld be well if ! pr(ess$ critic w\ld rememb] t criticism is n ! expression1 h[ev] picturesque & gl[+1 ( ! fai? t is 9 him1 b ! r5d]+ ( s\nd & intelligible reasons = t fai?4 ,,ii ,,real ,,appreh5sion 8,man10 says ,dr4 ,newman1 8is n a reason+ animal2 he is a see+1 feel+1 contemplat+1 act+ animal40 ,to see rightly is ! fir/ ( human qualities2 "r feel+ & "r act+ are usually its consequ5ces4 ,!re are two ways ( see+3 "o is to compreh5d1 :i* is to see all r\nd a ?+1 or to embrace x2 "o is to appreh5d1 :i* is to see x 9 "p1 or to take hold ( x4 ,a ?+ may be really tak5 hold ( :i* is mu* too big = embrac+4 ,real appreh5sion implies reality 9 t :i* is appreh5d$4 ,y _c 8take hold0 ( t :i* is no?+4 ,! notional grasp :i* "s p seem to h ( cl\ds & m>es' ne/s is a totally diff]5t ?+ f real appreh5sion2 ?\gh :at ?is diff]5ce is c\ld sc>cely be made cle> to ^? :o h no exp]i5ce ( ! latt]4 ,a man may n be able to convey to ano!r 8 real appreh5sion ( a ?+2 b !re w be some?+ 9 8 g5]al "* & way ( disc\rs+ :i* w conv9ce y1 if y too are a man acqua9t$ ) realities1 t he has truly got hold ( :at he pr(esses to h got hold (1 & y w be w>y ( d5y+ :at he affirms4 ,! man ( real appreh5sions1 or ! truly s5sible man1 has no op9ions4 ,_m ?+s may be dubi\s to him2 b if he is compell$ to act )\t k1 he does s promptly1 be+ prompt to disc]n :i* ( ! d\btful ways be=e him is ! lea/ que/ionable1 on ! gr\nd ( su* evid5ce z he has4 ,z to :at he sees to be true or "r1 he does n argue ) ! p]son :o diff]s f him ^u a vital po9t1 b only avoids 8 company1 or1 if he be ( an irascible temp]am5t1 feels incl9$ to knock him d[n4 ,( c\rse !re are "s p :o see ?+s :i* d n exi/2 b ?is is lunacy1 & beyond ! scope ( ^! rem>ks4 ,real appreh5sion is emphatically ! quality :i* con/itutes 8good s5se40 ,common good s5se has a real appreh5sion ( innum]able ?+s :i* ^? :o add to good s5se le>n+ & reflection may compreh5d2 b !re is mu* t mu/ = ev] rema9 matt] only ( real appreh5sion to ! be/ se]s2 t is to say1 ev]y?+ 9 :i* ! inf9ite has a "p1 i4e4 all religion1 all virtue z di/+ui%$ f tempor>y exp$i5cy1 ! gr\nds ( all true art1 etc4 ,a man may h an imm5se acqua9tance ) facts2 he may h all hi/ory & ! :ole circle ( ! sci5ces on ! tip ( 8 tongue2 he may be ! au?or ( a classical sy/em ( logic1 or may h s cunn+ly elaborat$ a false !ory ( nature z to puzzle & infuriate ! wise/ ( m53 & yet may n really appreh5d any "p ( ! tru? ( life :i* is prop]ly human k4 ,at ! pres5t "t x is by politics *iefly t ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! two great classes ( m5 is made app>5t4 ,= ! fir/ "t 9 ,engli% hi/ory1 p>ty limitations co9cide almo/ exactly ) ! limitations :i* sep>ate silly f s5sible m54 ,if y talk ) a s9c]e ,glad/onian--&1 wond]ful to say1 !re are /ill _m su*--y w soon f9d t he has no real appreh5sion ( any?+4 ,he only feebly & fooli%ly op9es4 ,x is n to be conclud$ f :at has be5 said t ! possession ( ! appreh5d+ faculty 9 any way sup]s$es ! good ( le>n+4 ,! p[] ( really appreh5d+ is no?+ 9 ! abs5ce ( realities to be appreh5d$4 ,9 ! great field ( ord9>y social relation%ips & duties ! subject-matt] ( su* appreh5sion is l>gely suppli$ by individual exp]i5ce1 & ! ex]cise by mo/ m5 ( t faculty is 9 ! ma9 limit$ to ^!2 s t ! praise ( 8good s5se0 has acquir$ a mu* n>r[] signification ?an x ought to be>4 ,g5ius is no?+ b great good s5se1 or real appreh5sion1 ex]cis$ ^u objects m or less out ( common sight2 & ! *ief +r$i5t ( ev5 ! highe/ & mo/ h]oic sanctity is ! same appreh5sion tak+ hold ^u spiritual tru?s & apply+ !m to ! conduct ( ! int]ior z well z ! ext]ior life4 ,m5 ) great /r5g? ( real appreh5sion are easily capable ( ?+s :i* inf]ior *>act]s reg>d z great self-sacrifices2 ?\gh to !m su* ?+s are no m sacrifice ?an 9 an ord9>y man x w\ld be to ex*ange a ton ( lead = a p\nd ( gold4 8,_! he>ts d n =get ! ?+s _! eyes h se520 & p]sons l ,g5]al ,gordon or ,sir ,?omas ,m w\ld />e if y call$ any?+ !y did or suff]$ by ! "n ( sacrifice4 ,y _c read ! writ+s ( ,newman1 ,hook]1 ,pascal1 & ,/4 ,augu/9e1 )\t be+ /rongly impress$ ) ! presumption t !y h a real appreh5sion ( ! ?+s !y pr(ess to believe2 &1 s9ce !y d n ju/ify 9 any o!r way ! !ory t !y are lunatics1 a "r-m9d$ read] is likewise dispos$ to ?9k t :at !y h ?us se5 exi/s1 & t 8 n hav+ se5 su* ?+s does n mat]ially dim9i% t probability4 ,& "h x may be well to recur to ! text ( ^! rem>ks3 8,man is n a reason+ animal2 he is a see+1 feel+1 contemplat+1 act+ animal40 ,all m5 prop]ly s call$--b a good _m :o walk upright on two legs _c prop]ly be s call$--are see+1 feel+1 & act+ animals2 b v few m51 inde$1 h z yet atta9$ to be contemplat+ animals1 ?\gh ! act ( contemplation ex]cis$ ^u ! highe/ objects is1 accord+ to all great philosoph]s1 ev5 pagan1 ! act = :i* he is creat$ & 9 :i* 8 f9al p]fection & felicity are atta9$4 ,! act ( real appreh5sion1 z x is ex]t$ by ord9>y m51 & ev5 = ! mo/ "p by m5 ( extraord9>y vig\r ( intellectual vision1 is mom5t>y1 h[ev] p]man5t may be its effect ^u _! pr9ciples & lives4 ,m5 ( vigor\s appreh5sion look at ! heav5s ( tru?1 z x 71 ?r\gh a p[]ful telescope1 & see in/antly z realities _m liv+ lights :i* are q invisible to ! common eye4 ,b contemplation--a faculty r>e 9 all times1 b wellnigh unhe>d ( 9 ours--is l ! photographic plate :i* f9ds />s t no telescope c discov]1 by simply sett+ its passively expectant gaze 9 c]ta9 indicat$ directions s long & /eadily t telescopically invisible bodies become app>5t by accumulation ( impression4 ,su* m5 are prophets & apo/les1 :e!r canonical or n4 ,x is by ! in/rum5tality ( su* m5 t religions are e/abli%$ & upheld2 & ! t]m 8v]ifiable religion0 is a piece ( m]e n9ete5?-c5tury slang1 :5 appli$ to ! exam9ation ( dogma by su* z h probably nev] _h ! remote/ appreh5sion ( any spiritual reality4 ,c]ta9 facts ( hi/ory relat+ to religion may or may n be capable ( 8v]ification0 to ! multitude2 b ! dogmas :i* are ! sub/ance ( a religion1 c only be really appreh5d$--assum+ !m to be real & appreh5sible--by ! exce$+ly few to :om ! highe/ p[]s ( contemplation1 :i* are usually ! accompanim5ts ( equally extraord9>y virtues1 are accord$4 ,! mass ( mank9d mu/ receive & hold ^! ?+s z !y daily receive & hold a ?\s& o!r ?+s--laws1 cu/oms1 traditions1 ! gr\nds ( common moralities1 etc4--by fai?2 _! real appreh5sion 9 su* matt]s ext5d+ = ! mo/ "p only to ! disc]nm5t ( ! reasonabl5ess ( s receiv+ & hold+ !m4 ,n[ ?is faculty & habit ( really appreh5d+ ?+s1 ev5 9 its l[] & n uncommon degree1 is an immeasurable advantage2 b x has its drawback4 ,^? :o possess x are s+ul>ly capable ( committ+ ! unp>donable s91 ! s9 aga9/ k4 8,fa!r1 =give !m1 = !y "k n :at !y d0 is a petition :i* ,he :o spoke ^! words c\ld n h (f]$ = de$s or d5ials 9 cle> opposition to :at a man kn[s to be true & good4 8,my "n is 9 him & ,he w n p>don40 ,all m5 agree 9 call+ ! _s ( tru?--:i* is ! _s by :i* tru? is really appreh5d$--holy2 & to d5y ?is _s 9 delib]ate action may1 )\t any appeal to ,*ri/ian doctr9e1 be prov$ to be unp>donable by ! way su* action is kn[n to influ5ce a man's "*4 ,a s+le act ( su* d5ial1 if x be 9 "s great & vital matt]1 (t5 seems to de/roy ! s\l4 ,hi/ory af=ds m ?an "o example ( a /atesman :o has begun life ) an eagle eye = tru?1 a /rong & t5d] love ( hon\r1 & ev]y?+ t makes a man among m54 ,at "s crisis ( temptation he *ooses p]sonal ambition be=e "s cle>ly appreh5d$ duty ( patriotism2 & 8 :ole nature seems !nce=w>d *ang$3 he drops l a scor*$ fly f ! flame-- ,!n takes 8 doom1 to limp & crawl1 ,bl9d & despis$1 f fall to fall4 ,b ! lea/ practical d5ial ( real appreh5sion ( ! tru? is1 to su* z h ev] _h a consci5ce & h obs]v$ !mselves1 demon/rably unp>donable1 inasmu* z x de/roys a portion ( ! capacity ( ! s\l4 8,! remnant0 may1 inde$1 8become a great nation10 b x w be /ill & = ev] a remnant ( :at x w\ld h be51 _h x pres]v$ ! integrity ( its fidelity4 ,if we knew ! secrets ( ! lives ( ^?--alas6 innum]able--:o seem to h no real appreh5sion ( any?+1 none ( ! light :i* x is said lighte? e man t come? into ! _w1 x w\ld probably be f\nd t !y h n be5 born )\t1 b h =feit$ _! noble/ human h]itage1 by repeat$ practical d5ials ( ! ?+s :i* !y h se54 ,,iii ,,se]s1 ,,?9k]s1 ,,& ,,talk]s ,i ,! intellect1 ! und]/&+ or discursive reason1 & ! memory1 x ne$ sc>cely be said1 are ?ree di/9ct faculties2 yet 9 _! ex]cise & ! "* !y acquire = _! possessors1 !y are apt to be confus$1 & t n )\t damage to ! public & private int]e/s ( ^? :o make ! mi/ake4 ,intellect1 ?\gh x is con/antly spok5 ( z synonym\s ) und]/&+1 is really an incomp>ably r>] quality1 ! diff]5ce be+ t :i* subsi/s betwe5 8g5ius0 & 8tal5t02 & to ignorant p]sons a ready & well-/or$ memory1 :i* is consi/5t ) ! almo/ total defect ( ei!r ( ! nobl] faculties1 is (t5 reg>d$ z a comb9ation ( bo?4 ,! intellect is ! faculty ( ! 8se]40 ,x disc]ns tru? z a liv+ ?+2 &1 accord+ z x is 9 less or great] p[]1 x disc]ns ) a m or less f>-see+ glance ! relation%ips ( pr9ciples to ea* o!r1 & ( facts1 circum/ances1 & ! realities ( nature to pr9ciples1 )\t any?+ t c be prop]ly call$ ratioc9ation4 ,x _c be cultivat$1 z ! und]/&+ & memory c be & ne$ to be2 & x _c 9 ! ord9>y c\rse ( ?+s be injur$1 except by "o means--namely1 di%one/y1 t is1 habitual d5ial by ! w1 = ! sake ( int]e/$ or vici\s motives1 ( its own p]ceptions4 ,g5ius & high moral--n necess>ily physical--c\rage are !re=e f\nd to be con/ant companions4 ,inde$1 x is difficult to say h[ f> an absolute moral c\rage 9 ackn[l$g+ intuitions may n be ( ! v nature ( g5ius3 & :e!r x might n be describ$ z a sort ( int]ior sanctity :i* d>es to see & confess to itself t x sees1 ?\gh its vision %\ld place x 9 a m9ority ( "o4 ,ev]ybody feels t g5ius is1 9 a sort1 infallible4 ,t x is s1 is inde$ an 8id5tical proposition40 ,s f> z a man is n infallible 9 :at he pr(esses to see1 he is n a man ( g5ius--t is1 he is n a se]4 ,x is by no figure ( spee* t g5ius is call$ inspiration4 ,dr4 ,newman some:]e obs]ves t ,/4 ,augu/9e & "s ( ! primitive tea*]s ( ! ,*ur* w&]$ at w ?r\gh all ! mazes ( !ology ) an intuitive or?odoxy ( g5ius4 ,al?\gh ?is faculty ( direct vision is v r>e 9 comp>ison ) ^? ( ord9>y ratioc9ation & memory1 x is n ne>ly s r>e z is suppos$ by su* z measure g5ius by its manife/ations 9 philosophy1 sci5ce1 art1 or /atesman%ip4 ,= "o se] :o has ! accompli%m5ts & opportunities :]eby 8 faculty c be turn$ to public acc\nt1 !re are scores & hundr$s :o possess & ex]cise = _! private use _! extraord9>y p]ceptive p[]s4 ,to :om has x n happ5$1 at "o "t or o!r1 to witness ! in/antane\s %att]+ ( "s spl5did edifice ( reason+ & memory by ! brief ,socratic int]rogation ( "s ignoramus :o c\ld see8 ,no mortal intellect or g5ius is o!r ?an v p>tial1 &1 ev5 9 t p>tial "*1 imp]fect4 ,absolute g5ius w\ld be no?+ m nor less ?an ! sight ( all ?+s at once 9 _! relation%ip & orig92 b ! mo/ imp]fect g5ius has an inf9ite value--n only because x is actual sight ( tru?1 b also & /ill m because x is a peculi> mode ( see+1 a reflection ( tru? col\r$ b n obscur$ by ! individual "*1 :i* 9 ea* man ( g5ius is entirely unique4 ,?is unique "* is1 9 its expression1 :at is call$ 8/yle0--! sure m>k ( g5ius1 ?\gh ! _w at l>ge is unable to di/+ui% 8/yle0 f mann]1 or ev5 f mann]ism4 ,incomp>ably ! highe/ & =tunately ! lea/ uncommon =m ( g5ius is wisdom 9 ! conduct ( life2 = ?is =m involves 9 a f> great] degree ?an any o!r ! con/ant ex]cise ( t c\rage :i* is insep>able f g5ius4 ,! sa9t is simply a p]son :o has s /rong & cle> a sight ( ! tru? :i* conc]ns him individually1 & su* c\rage to confess 8 vision1 t he is always ready to become a 8confessor0 "u any extremity ( p]secution4 ,true /atesman%ip is ano!r =m ( wisdom 9 ! conduct ( life2 & ?is is p]haps ! r>e/ ( all =ms 9 :i* g5ius manife/s itself1 because x requires a comb9ation ( inf]ior faculties & opportunities :i* is almo/ z r>e z g5ius4 ,poetry is ! only ne> rival ( true /atesman%ip 9 ?is respect4 ,! imm5sely wid] & m v>i\s range ( vision :i* ! great poet ex]cises :5 comp>$ ) o!r arti/s1 toge!r ) ! necessity = ! comb9$ work+ ( _m less] faculties & labori\sly acquir$ accompli%m5ts1 has always made ( ! poet ! ideal 8g5ius0 9 ! _w's e/eem4 ,! sep>ate insights into ! significance ( =m1 col\r1 & s\nd1 ^u :i* ! arts ( ! sculptor1 pa9t]1 & musician are f\nd$1 mu/ be includ$ 9 ! vision ( ! poet ( ! fir/ rank4 ,:at is call$ 8common s5se0 is mu* m ne>ly alli$ to g5ius1 or true intellect1 ?an ei!r tal5t1 :i* is ! outcome ( ! discursive reason1 or le>n+1 :i* is t ( memory4 ,comp>$ ) ! sunlight by :i* ! pur] intellect sees1 common s5se is ! light ( a foggy day1 :i* is good en\gh to see ne> objects & to avoid mis*ief by4 ,sci5ce is g5]ally consid]$ to be ! outcome solely ( ! obs]vation ( facts & ! discursive reason2 b 9 m5 l ,kepl]1 ,newton1 & ,f>aday !re is no lack ( 8! vision & ! faculty div9e40 ,! discov]y ( gravitation by ! fall ( an apple 0 pure vision2 & x is d\btful :e!r !re 0 ev] a ,smi?'s ,prizeman :o _h n a t\* ( a high] faculty ?an t :i* gropes /ep by /ep f premisses to conclusions4 ,a gha/ly semblance ( g5ius is (t5 reta9$ by su* p]sons z once _h x1 b h ru9$ x by d5y+ x 9 action1 & by endeav\r+ to pro/itute x to selfi% or vici\s int]e/s4 ,_! judicial bl9dness is ! rev]se ( t :i* 0 inflict$ ^u ,tiresias = d>+ to gaze ^u unveil$ wisdom4 ,he c\ld no long] see ! _w2 !y c no long] see ! heav5s4 ,b _! orig9al g5ius takes ! p]v]t$ =m ( an intuitive craft 9 pursu+ _! ends :i* is no less amaz+1 & :i*1 9 /atesm5 especially1 is commonly mi/ak5 by ! p = ! holy faculty :i* has be5 qu5*$4 ,to be a man ( tal5t a man mu/ be able to ?9k2 to be a man ( g5ius he mu/ be able n to ?9k1 & especially to ab/a9 f ! crazy wool-ga!r+ :i* is ord9>ily reg>d$ z ?\ght4 8,! h>ve/ ( a quiet eye10 & ! le>n+ ( ! e> :i* li/5s 9 a sil5ce ev5 ( ?\ght1 are ! weal? ( ! pure intellect4 ,& ! fa9t] & ! m remote ! :isp]s :i* are he>d 9 su* sil5ce1 ! m preci\s & pot5tial are !y likely to be4 ,x is no condemnation ( ! ?\ght ( ,hegel t he is report$ to h repli$ to "s "q z to ! mean+ ( a passage 9 8 writ+s1 t 8he knew :at x meant :5 he wrote x40 ,?is ?\ght1 too subtle or too simple = expression & memory1 might1 if held d[n & compell$ to manife/ itself m explicitly1 h mov$ mank9d4 ,g5ius is a great di/urb]4 ,x is always a new ?+1 & dem&s ( old ?+s t !y %\ld make a place = x1 :i* _c be done )\t m or less inconv5i5t re>rangem5ts2 & z x seems to ?reat5 ev5 worse tr\ble ?an x is f9ally f\nd to give1 x is g5]ally hat$ & resi/$ on its fir/ appe>ance4 ,moreov]1 to ! eye :i* is n cong5ial ! fre% manife/ation ( g5ius 9 almo/ any k9d has some?+ 9 x al>m+ & revolt+2 & x is welcom$ ) an 8,ugh1 ugh6 ! horrid ?+6 ,x's alive60 ,a man ( g5ius :o is also a man ( s5se w nev] compla9 ( su* a reception f 8 fell[s4 ,_! opposition is ev5 respectable f _! po9t ( view & ) _! faculties ( behold+4 ,,ii ,g5ius1 l sanctity1 is commonly m or less fooli% 9 ! eyes ( ! _w4 ,its ri*es are 8! ri*es ( secret places02 & !y s mu* exce$1 9 its e/eem1 ^? t are consid]$ ri*es by ! common s5se ( m51 t its neglect ( ! ord9>y goods ( life (t5 am\nts to real imprud5ce--imprud5ce ev5 f its own po9t ( view1 :]eby x is b\nd to avoid h9drances to its free life & ex]cise4 ,! follies1 h[ev]1 ( a ,blake or a ,h>tley ,col]idge are v5ial :5 comp>$ ) ^? ( ! ?\ghtful & prud5t fool--! fool 9 respect ( great ?+s1 z ! o!r is 9 respect ( small4 ,:o c measure ! h>m t may be done to ! _w by a ?\ghtful & e>ne/ fool--"o :o />ts f data :i* he is too dull to v]ify1 & :o multiplies 8 mi/akes 9 proportion to ! p]spicuity & ext5t ( 8 d$uctions8 ,! man ( 8tal5t0 :o is m]ely su*1 is n a v common ph5om5on--= 8tal5t0 is 9 great "p ! product ( culture2 :i* 8g5ius10 or ! p[] ( see+1 is n4 ,mo/ p]sons ( tal5t /ill possess a %>e ( t obscure k9d ( g5ius call$ common s5se1 :i* keeps !m f tak+ up ) false pr9ciples & foll[+ !m into wild conclusions4 ,we ne$1 h[ev]1 only recall "s fam\s figures 9 ! pres5t & pa/ g5]ation 9 ord] to be assur$ t imm5se tal5t is consi/5t ) an almo/ complete defici5cy ( real insight4 ,:5 ! discursive und]/&+ is 9 great =ce1 & has at its comm& abundant /ores ( ext]nal in=mation1 we behold a p[] t may "w ! ru9 ( empires amid applaud+ peoples1 ?\gh x c nev] build !m up4 ,! natural & exact sci5ces are ! prop] fields = ! ex]tions ( su* a faculty4 ,/upid p]sons fancy !y d]ogate f ! supremacy ( ! pure intellect or g5ius by obs]v+ t x is always associat$ ) a vivid imag9ation1 :i* !y reg>d z a faculty = see+ ?+s z !y are n4 ,%elley made a mi/ake 9 a totally diff]5t direction :5 he decl>$ t ! imag9ation is ! p[] by :i* spiritual ?+s are disc]n$2 :]eas ! tru? is t intellect is ! p[] by :i* su* ?+s are disc]n$1 & imag9ation is t by :i* !y are express$4 ,s5sible ?+s alone c be express$ fully & directly by s5sible t]ms4 ,symbols & p>ables1 & metaphors--:i* are p>ables on a small scale--are ! only means ( adequately convey+1 or r h9t+1 sup]s5sual k4 8,he spake n )\t a p>able40 ,hebrew1 ,greek1 ,indian1 & ,egyptian religions all spoke 9 p>ables2 & poets deal 9 images & p>ables simply because !re is no o!r vehicle = :at !y h to say4 8,! ?+s :i* are unse5 may be kn[n by ! ?+s :i* are se510 b only by way ( symbol & p>able4 ,imag9ation1 ?\gh x is n1 z ,%elley says x is1 ! p[] ( spiritual insight1 is its inv>iable concomitant2 & ev5 t dull k9sman ( g5ius1 common s5se1 w\ld feel sadly hamp]$ 9 its endeav\rs to convey its p]ceptions to ! m9ds ( o!rs1 7 x :olly )\t ! faculty ( speak+ 9 p>ables4 ,x has (t5 be5 not$ t m5 ( g5ius h bad memories1 & t p]sons hav+ extraord9>y memories1 l ,c>d9al ,mezz(anti1 h little else4 ,! tru? is t !re are two q di/9ct k9ds ( memory3 ! memory = ext]nal facts & words1 ap>t f _! significance2 & ! memory = spiritual facts & pr9ciples4 ,! man ( g5ius1 :o may h no special reason = cultivat+ ! l[] k9d ( memory1 may ev5 f9d x r a h9drance ?an a help4 ,8 pray] is1 8,let n my he>t =get ! ?+s m9e eyes h se540 ,s long z 8 he>t reta9s ! significance ( ! facts he has se5 & ! words he has he>d1 he is will+ to let ! words & ! facts g1 z a man ca/s away ! %ells aft] he has eat5 ! oy/]s4 ,! 8well-in=m$0 p]son commonly diff]s f ! man ( g5ius 9 ?is3 t he c>ries ab\t ) him all ! %ells ( all ! oy/]s he has ev] eat51 & t 8 s\l has gr[n ?9 "u ! bur!n4 ,a commonplace ab\t m5 ( g5ius is t !y usually h religi\s dispositions4 ,x w\ld be /range 7 x o!rwise1 see+ t g5ius is no?+ b ! p[] ( disc]n+ ! ?+s ( ! _s4 ,! fir/ pr9ciple ( ! mo/ rec5t =m ( 8psy*ology0 is1 inde$1 t !re is no s\l2 b t man mu/ h little g5ius :o w\ld n say 8,am50 to ,/4 ,b]n>d's epigram1 8,he mu/ h little _s :o ?9ks t a _s is no?+40 ,aft] :at has j be5 said1 x seems p>adoxical to be oblig$ to admit t ! s9s to :i* m5 ( g5ius are usually mo/ subject are ^? ( s5se4 ,f pride1 & its (fspr+ envy1 hatr$1 & malice1 :i* play s t]rible a "p 9 ! affairs ( mo/ m51 !y are comp>atively exempt4 ,t !y %\ld (t5 be m subject ?an o!rs to be misl$ by ! ease & pleasure ( ! s5ses may be because ! s5ses ( m5 ( g5ius are m subtly p]meat$ by ! _s1 ( :i* !y are ! ultimate life1 ?an are ^? ( ! _w at l>ge1 & are !reby r5d]$ m acute & less sordidly wick$4 ,?is may be said1 ,i hope1 )\t 9 any way condon+ error4 ,m5 ( g5ius1 :o are !re)al m5 ( cultivat$ tal5ts & great /ores ( appropriate in=mation1 are ! only safe legislators & gov]nors ( empires2 n only because !irs alone is ! suffici5cy ( s\nd & f>-see+ wisdom1 b because !y are f> less likely ?an o!r m5 to be misl$ by p]sonal motives & weak fe>s4 ,b su* m51 unhappily1 are ! la/ to come to ! front 9 /ates ( ultra-popul> gov]nm5t2 & 9 su* /ates !y h accord+ly to suff] t la/ mis]y 7z by "o ( ! greate/ philosoph]s x has be5 call$71 ! mis]y ( be+ gov]n$ by worse m5 ?an !mselves4 ,,iv ,,possibilities ,,& ,,p]=mances ,if we take /ock ( ! _w's actual a*ievem5ts--intellectual1 moral1 & arti/ic--9 ! six ?\s& ye>s dur+ :i* we "k any?+ ab\t x1 x is impossible n to be /ruck ) ! extreme smallness ( ! sum ( ! acquisitions & atta9m5ts ( ! human race :i* c be> any comp>ison ) its desires & app>5t possibilities4 ,if ^? desires & possibilities _h 9 no in/ances be5 fulfill$1 ! entire abs5ce ( atta9m5t w\ld h be5 less />tl+ ?an is its actual paucity4 ,x w\ld n h be5 ne>ly s wond]ful if none _h rea*$ ! high table-l&s ( excell5ce 9 any dep>tm5t ( human activity1 z x is t ^? heights h be5 rea*$ by "s & by s few4 ,& ! m>vel ( ?is paucity becomes yet fur!r increas$ :5 x is consid]$ t n only is x all t mank9d has done1 b 9 all likelihood ne>ly z mu* z x c\ld h done _h x tri$ ev] s h>d4 ,= x is a peculi>ity ( ! v highe/ "w 9 e k9d1 t x is n ! result ( pa9ful lab\r1 b t x is easi] to d x ?an n to d x1 :5 x c be done at all4 ,s t humanity mu/ n be all[$ to cov] its enorm\s %ortcom+s ) an 8,i c\ld an' ,i w\ld40 ,h[ _m philosoph]s has philosophy produc$8 ,if ,ari/otle be ! type1 :]e is ! o!r specim5 ( ! species8 ,h[ _m /atesm5 h !re be5 ^: faculties & *>act]s1 ne>ly inspect$1 d n provoke ! exclamation1 8,) h[ little wisdom ! _w is gov]n$60 ,9 h[ _m ,*ri/ians has ,*ri/ianity fl[]$1 z 9 ! s\ls ( ,/4 ,john & ,/4 ,francis8 ,greek ar*itecture & ,greek sculpture mean little m ?an ! ,p>!non & its friezes4 ,:at survives ( ,greek poetry w sc>cely fill "o book%elf1 & ,engli% poetry1 :i* =ms ! great] "p ( ! re/ ( ! poetry ( ! human race1 w\ld re/ easily on ?ree4 ,! build+ ( ! ,middle ,ages is no?+ b ! repetition ( "o inspiration1 :i* w\ld rema9 transmitt$ to u almo/ 9 its entirety 7 ! ,ca!dral ( ,freiburg ! only specim5 left to u4 ,a s+le gall]y ( ! ,vatican w\ld provide wall-room suffici5t = all ! pa9t+s ( ! _w t are able to fill ) satisfy+ peace ! eye :i* has be5 educat$ by ,botticelli1 ,lu9i1 & ,raphael4 ,an ord9>y life af=ds abundant leisure to take 9 all t two hundr$ g5]ations ( mank9d h s done z to fill ! crav+ = :at all m5 feel to be alone satisfy+ly human4 ,t is to say1 "o man 9 tw5ty millions or s has be5 able1 dur+ "s--(t5 v small--proportion ( 8 life1 to be & to d t :i* all m51 :5 !y behold su* be+ & do+1 feel to be _! natural ?\gh utt]ly unatta9able pr]ogative4 ,?\s&s & ?\s&s climb1 ) praisewor?y /ruggles & integrity ( purpose & ) %\ts ( 8,excelsior60 ! m9or peaks ( life2 :ile two or ?ree 9 a g5]ation are se5 walk+ ) easy brea? ab\t ^? great & tranquil table-l&s = :i* all ( u1 on behold+ !m1 feel t we 7 born4 ,x is n t1 9 a _w ( inequalities1 "s two or ?ree 9 a g5]ation mu/ naturally /& high] ?an all ! re/1 z only "o among _m competitors c be ,s5ior ,wrangl]4 ,t full] excell5ce is a region1 & n a p9nacle2 & ^? :o rea* x are all ^u a great & facile equality1 _! altitude be+ simply t ( "r & unh9d]$ human faculty4 ,e individual ( ! human race is1 9 ?is reg>d1 an image ( ! race itself4 ,only = a few h\rs1 p]haps1 ( ! million :i* is ab\t ! sum ( ! longe/ lifetime1 has ea* "o easily & unacc\ntably f\nd himself to be liv+ inde$4 ,"s accid5t1 "s pass+ occasion :i* has call$ ^u him to be m ?an himself1 "s glimpse ( grace 9 nature or 9 woman1 "s lucky disa/] ev51 or "s m]e wayw>d tide ( exi/5ce1 has caus$ ! black walls ( 8 prison-h\se to vani%2 & he has brea!d 9 a realm ( vision1 g5]osity1 & graci\s peace1 8too transi5t = delight & too div9e40 ,^! prophetic mom5ts--"o 9 a million--pass2 b1 unless he has despis$ & d5i$ !m1 !y leave him capable1 m or less1 ( und]/&+ prophecy2 & he kn[s t 9 him also !re is a pot5tiality1 realisable p]haps "u o!r ?an pres5t conditions1 ( becom+ "o 9 t great society 9 :i* su* /ates ( life appe> to be n mom5t>y crises b habits4 ,! wid] & ! deep] 8 p]sonal exp]i5ce ( beauty & felicity1 ! m readily w a man confess t life conta9s sc>cely any?+ = fruition b abundance = hope2 & ! bett] he is acqua9t$ ) t :i* has be5 be/ done & said 9 all ages1 ! less he w be incl9$ to believe t ! _w is mak+ any advances t[>ds ! realisation ( ! promise :i* e age repeats4 ,an enigma = :i* sci5ce has no key is ! c]ta9 fact1 t if ! _w be n a prophecy ( good ?+s :i* x %[s no likelihood ( provid+1 !n x is all no?+ b a purposeless & badly conceiv$ trag$y1 ^u :i* ! soon] ! black curta9 drops ! bett]4 ,= if ! _w be n su* a prophecy1 !n ! be/ ( m5 are ( all m5 ! mo/ mis]able2 to ^! is giv5 beyond o!rs ! 8transitory gleam0 :i* %[s ! dulness ( _! ord9>y life = ! l+]+ dea? x really is2 b1 kn[+ little or no?+ ( life z x is kn[n to su*1 ! /upid & 8! wick$ h no bonds 9 _! dea?10 & c only feel ! comp>atively tol]able evils ( ext]nal & accid5tal adv]sity4 ,!re nev] 0 a "t 9 :i* ! 8high] life10 8high art10 etc41 7 less kn[n ?an 9 ! pres5t1 :5 e goose is gabbl+ ab\t !m4 ,! pro( is 9 ! way ^! names are con/antly associat$ ) t ( 8progress02 :]eas progress1 z respects ! realities1 is1 if x exi/s at all1 mo/ c]ta9ly a progress backw>ds4 ,! rejoic+s ( ,"l ,macaulay & 8 l ov] ! rec5t advances ( mank9d are exactly ^? ( a prosp]\s %opman ov] ! increase ( 8 bus9ess2 & ! hallelujahs ( sci5ce are ma9ly ov] ! elaboration ( mighty means = petty ends & ( !ories :i* expla9 away ,god & exhibit all t pa/ ages h call$ wisdom z folly4 ,x is too absurd6 ,yet we mu/ n all[ ! pres5t eclipse ( ! electric lights ( true le>n+ by ! fl>+ t>-b>rels ( jubilant ignorance to disc\rage u 9 ! belief t !re is1 on ! :ole1 no cessation ( ! "w = :i* ! _w goes on4 ,! consci5ce ( mank9d1 ?\gh occasionally confus$ & obscur$1 w always cry 8,am50 to ! great ^w ( ,/4 ,augu/9e1 8,:at ought to be mu/ be20 & ! r>e a*ievem5ts ( g5ius & sanctity & ! few & f>-betwe5 glimpses ( ! life t is inde$ life1 :i* are accord$ to all1 w cont9ue to be accept$ z 8! sub/ance ( ?+s hop$ =1 ! evid5ce ( ?+s n se540 ,v ,,*e]fulness ,,9 ,,life ,,& ,,art 8,rejoice always3 & aga9 ,i say1 ,rejoice10 says "o ( ! highe/ au?orities2 & a poet :o is sc>cely less infallible 9 psy*ological sci5ce writes-- ,a *e]ful he>t is :at ! ,muses love4 ,dante makes ,melan*oly dismally puni%$ 9 ,purgatory2 ?\gh 8 own int]ior gaiety--( :i* a ^w by & by--is s int]ior1 & its outw>d aspect (t5 s grim1 t he is vulg>ly consid]$ to h himself be5 a s9n] 9 ?is sort4 ,good art is no?+ b a repres5tation ( life2 & t ! good are gay is a commonplace1 & "o :i*1 /range to say1 is z g5]ally disbeliev$ z x is1 :5 rightly und]/ood1 und5iably true4 ,! good & brave he>t is always gay 9 ?is s5se3 t1 al?\gh x may be afflict$ & oppress$ by its own mis=tunes & ^? ( o!rs1 x refuses 9 ! d>ke/ mom5t to cons5t to despond5cy2 & ?us a habit ( m9d is =m$ :i* c disc]n 9 mo/ ( its own afflictions "s cause = grave rejoic+1 & c !nce inf] at lea/ a probability ( su* cause 9 cases :]e x _c be disc]n$4 ,reg>d+ ?us *e]fully & hopefully its own sorr[s1 x is n ov]-tr\bl$ by ^? ( o!rs1 h[ev] t5d] & helpful its sympa?ies may be4 ,x is impossible to weep mu* = t 9 o!rs :i* we %\ld smile at 9 ourselves2 & :5 we see a s\l wri?+ l a worm "u :at seems to u a small mis=tune1 our pity = its mis]y is mu* mitigat$ by contempt = its c[>dice4 ,a c\ple ( g5]ations ago mo/ p w\ld h op5$ _! eyes wide at any "o :o %\ld h ?\ght rem>ks l ^! wor? mak+4 ,su* tru? =m$ "p ( ! univ]sal tradition ( civilisation & moral culture4 ,b a wilful melan*oly1 &1 ! tw9 sign ( corruption1 a levity :i* acutely fe>s & sympa?ises ) pa9s :i* are lit]ally only sk9-deep1 h be5 increas+ ^u u ( late 9 a mo/ port5t\s way4 ,! mu*-vaunt$ gr[? ( 8humanity0 has be5 due r to a s(t5+ ( ! bra9 ?an ( ! he>t4 ,huge moral ill1 ! fact ( national degradation1 ! prospect ( national disa/]1 ar\ses less pa9 9 ! sympa!tic he>ts ( humanit>ians ?an ! yelp ( a poodle :i* has _h its e> p9*$4 ,m5 & times d n talk ab\t ! virtues !y possess4 ,:i* is m inhuman3 to puni% ) rack & :eel ! treason :i* volunt>ily sacrifices or jeop>dises ! welf>e ( millions1 or to condone or ignore x = ! sake ( mom5t>y ease8 ,! ,engl& 9 :i* melan*oly & levity are becom+ preval5t habits is m]ry ,engl& no m4 8,! nation ?\ ha/ multipli$1 b n increas$ ! joy40 ,& we are n ! only nation :i* des]ves ?is lam5tation ( ! prophet4 ,! gr[?s ( melan*oly & levity h be5 /ill m m>k$ 9 ,france4 ,9 ,am]ica1 "s travell] has rem>k$1 8!re is com=t ev]y:]e1 b no joy40 ,am]ica is accord+ly ! only c\ntry :i* has no art4 ,x is1 z we h said1 a vulg> error to consid] ,dante a melan*oly poet4 ,9 ! :ole range ( art1 joy is n[h]e express$ s (t5 & ) su* pi]c+ sweetness z 9 ! ,p>adiso2 & x fla%es occasionally ?r\gh ! dun atmosph]e ( ! o!r p>ts ( ! poem4 ,! ,inf]no is p]vad$ by ! vigor\s joy ( ! poet at behold+ ?or\ghly bad p gett+ _! des]ts2 & ! p5ances ( purgatory are contemplat$ by him ) ! grave pleasure :i* is (t5 felt by ! san] sort ( p]sons1 ev5 9 ?is _w1 "u ! suff]+s !y ackn[l$ge to be ! appropriate puni%m5t ( & purification f ! s9s !y h fall5 into4 ,%akespe>e is ! mo/ *e]ful ( poets4 ,we read 8 deepe/ trag$ies )\t contract+ ev5 a mom5t>y /a9 ( melan*oly1 h[ev] _m te>s !y may h drawn f u4 ,cald]on flies among horrors & disa/]s on ! w+s ( a bird ( ,p>adise1 )\t any result+ incongruity2 & l ?+s may be said ( ! greate/ pa9t]s & musicians1 until q rec5t times4 ,b s9ce ab\t ! beg9n+ ( ?is c5tury h[ _m ( our g5iuses h m+l$ _! songs ) te>s & sighs ov] 8insoluble problems0 & 8my/]ies ( life0 :i* h no exi/5ce = a man :o is 9 8 "r s5ses & :o m9ds 8 own bus9ess2 :ile ! 8scrannel pipes0 ( ! small] wits h be5 play+ to ! sorry ,yankee tune ( 8,!re's no?+ new1 & !re's no?+ true1 & x doesn't signify40 ,music has tak5 to imitate ! wail+ ( lo/ spirits or ! livel9ess ( ! cas9o2 & ! highe/ ambition ( sev]al ( our be/ pa9t]s seems to h be5 to evoke a pa?os f et]nal gloom4 ,?is is false art1 & repres5ts a false life1 or r t :i* is n life at all2 = life is n only joyful1 x is joy itself4 ,life1 unh9d]$ by ! int]nal ob/ruction ( vice or ! outw>d obscurations ( pa91 sorr[1 & anxiety1 is pure & simple joy2 z we h mo/ ( u exp]i5c$ dur+ ! few h\rs ( our lives 9 :i*1 ! consci5ce be+ free1 all bodily & ext]nal evils h be5 remov$ or at lea/ quiesc5t4 ,&1 ?\gh ^! glimpses ( p]fect sun%9e are few & f> betwe51 ! joy ( life w n be :olly obscur$ to u by any ext]nal evil--provid$ ! brea/ is cle> ( remorse1 envy1 discont5t1 or any o!r habitually *]i%$ s94 ,! opportunities & h9drances ( joyful life are pretty fairly di/ribut$ among all classes & p]sons4 ,god is j1 & ,8 m]cy is ov] all ,8 works4 ,if g>d5s & p>ks are d5i$ to ! inhabitant ( a city lane1 8 eye is s %>p5$ by its fa/s t x c dr9k 9 its full %>e ( ! sweetness ( nature f a fl[]+ g]anium or a pot ( crocuses on 8 w9d[-sill4 ,!re are really v few p]sons :o h n en\gh to eat4 ,m>riage is op5 almo/ equally to all1 except1 p]haps1 ! less weal?y memb]s ( ! upp] ord]s4 ,none are )\t opportunities ( joy & abundant reasons = gratitude3 & ! h9drances ( joy are1 if ju/ly consid]$1 only opportunities ( acquir+ new capacities = delight4 ,9 proportion z life becomes high & pure x becomes gay4 ,! pr(\nd spiritualities ( ! ,greek & ,indian my?s laugh = joy2 & !re are1 p]haps1 no passages ( ,scripture m fondly dwelt ^u 9 ! ,roman ,brevi>y ?an ^? :i* pa9t ! gladness ( ! ,uncreat$ ,wisdom3 8,:5 he balanc$ ! f\ndations ( ! e>?1 ,i 0 ) him1 =m+ all ?+s3 & 0 delight$ e day1 play+ be=e him at all times1 play+ 9 ! _w3 & my delight is to be ) ! *ildr5 ( m540 ,,vi ,,! ,,po9t ,,( ,,re/ ,,9 ,,art ,col]idge1 :o _h little te*nical k ( any art b t 9 :i*1 :5 he 0 himself1 he supremely excell$--poetry--_h nev]!less a deep] insight into ! fundam5tal pr9ciples ( art ?an any mod]n writ]1 ) ! sole exception ( ,goe!4 ,& ?is is "o ( 8 _m fruitful say+s3 8,all h>mony is f\nd$ on a relation to re/--on relative re/4 ,take a metallic plate & /rew s& on x1 s\nd an h>monic *ord ov] ! s&1 & ! gra9s w :irl ab\t 9 circles & o!r geometrical figures1 all1 z x 71 dep5d+ on "s po9t ( s& relatively at re/4 ,s\nd a discord1 & e gra9 w :isk ab\t )\t any ord] at all1 9 no figures1 & ) no po9t ( re/40 ,)\t pret5d+ to be able to trace ?is pr9ciple ( re/ to m ?an a v limit$ di/ance1 & 9 a v few examples1 ,i ?9k x is wor? notice 9 a "t :5 art g5]ally is *>act]is$ by a want ( t repose :i* until rec5t times has especially 8m>k$ ! mann]s ( ! great40 ,look ?r\gh ! ,national ,gall]y1 & few pictures w be f\nd :i* w\ld n add a grace ( peace to ! h\se !y 7 hung 91 no matt] h[ wild ! subject or passionate ! motive4 ,/ep into an ,academy ,exhibition1 & !re w sc>cely be discov]$ a doz5 canvases 9 a ?\s& :i*1 h[ev] skilful & 9 _m respects admirable !y may be1 w\ld n con/itute po9ts ( unre/1 if !y 7 9 daily & h\rly sight4 ,x is ! same ) ne>ly all mod]n poetry1 sculpture1 & ar*itecture2 & if x is n true ( music1 x is because music absolutely _c exi/ )\t "s ref]5ce to a po9t or po9ts ( re/1 9 keynote1 fundam5tal /ra91 or reit]at$ refra94 ,x might at fir/ be suppos$ t1 9 a picture1 ?is po9t %\ld be t on :i* ! eye %\ld repose 9 ord] to br+ ! rema9d] into focal proportion2 & ?is is true ) reg>d to ^? pa9t]s :o pa9t on ! !ory t ! eye is fix$1 & n rov+ 9 its reg>d4 ,b ?is !ory has nev] be5 t ( ! greate/ times ( art4 ,crome1 ,con/able1 & ,ga9sbor\gh's l&scapes d n fade (f f a c]ta9 po9t on :i* ! eye is suppos$ to be fix$2 yet !re w usually be f\nd "s po9t1 g5]ally q insignificant 9 matt]1 on :i*1 inde$1 ! eye does n necess>ily fix itself1 b to :i* x involunt>ily returns = repose4 ,! mo/ notewor?y rem>k to be made ab\t ?is po9t ( re/ is1 t x is n 9 itself ! mo/ b ! lea/ int]e/+ po9t 9 ! :ole "w4 ,x is ! punctum indiff]5s to :i* all t is int]e/+ is m or less unconsci\sly ref]r$4 ,9 an elaborate l&scape x may be--z x is 9 "o ( ,con/able's--! sawn-(f end ( a bran* ( a tree3 or a piece ( its root1 z x is 9 "o ( ,mi*ael ,angelo's pieces 9 ! ,si/9e ,*apel4 ,9 ! ,dresd5 8,madonna0 ( ,raphael x is ! heel ( ! ,infant4 ,no "o :o has n giv5 "s ?\ght to ! subject c h any idea ( ! value ( ^! app>5tly insignificant po9ts 9 ! pictures 9 :i* !y occur1 unless he tries ! exp]im5t ( do+ away ) !m4 ,cov] !m f sight &1 to a mod]ately s5sitive & cultivat$ eye1 ! :ole life ( ! picture w be f\nd to h be5 l[]$4 ,9 proportion to ! ext5t & v>iety ( po9ts ( int]e/ 9 a pa9t+ or a poem ! necessity = ?is po9t ( re/ seems to increase4 ,9 a lyric or idyll1 or a pa9t+ ) v few details1 !re is little ne$ = x4 ,x is accord+ly 9 ! mo/ elaborate plays ( ,%akespe>e t we f9d ?is device 9 its fulle/ value2 & x is f two or ?ree ( ^! t we %all draw our ma9 illu/rations ( a little-notic$ b v important pr9ciple ( art4 ,9 ,k+ ,le> x is by ! "* ( ,k5t1 9 ,romeo & ,juliet by ,fri> ,laur5ce1 9 ,hamlet by ,horatio1 9 ,o!llo by ,cassio1 & 9 ! ,m]*ant ( ,v5ice by ,bassanio1 t ! po9t ( re/ is suppli$2 & ?is po9t be+ also 9 ea* case a po9t ( vital comp>ison by :i* we measure & feel ! relation%ips ( all ! o!r *>act]s1 x becomes an elem5t ( f> high] value ?an :5 x is simply an1 z x 71 accid5tal po9t ( repose1 l ! lopp$ bran* 9 ,con/able's l&scape4 ,ea* ( ^! five *>act]s /&s out ( ! /ream ( ! ma9 int]e/1 & is additionally unimpressive 9 itself by reason ( its absolute con=mity to reason & moral ord] f :i* e o!r "* 9 ! play dep>ts m or less4 ,?us ,horatio is ! exact punctum indiff]5s betwe5 ! opposite excesses ( ! *>act]s ( ,hamlet & ,la]tes--ov]-reason+ inaction & unreason+ action--betwe5 :i* extremes ! :ole int]e/ ( ! play vibrates4 ,! unobtrusive "* ( ,k5t is1 z x 71 ! eye ( ! tragic /orm :i* rages r\nd x2 & ! dep>ture1 9 v>i\s directions1 ( e "* m or less f mod]ation1 rectitude1 or sanity1 is ! m cle>ly und]/ood or felt f our m or less consci\s ref]5ce to him4 ,s ) ! c5tral & comp>atively unimpressive *>act]s 9 _m o!r plays--*>act]s unimpressive on acc\nt ( _! fac+ ! excit+ & try+ circum/ances ( ! drama ) ! reg>d ( pure reason1 ju/ice1 & virtue4 ,ea* ( ^! *>act]s is a peaceful focus radiat+ ! calm ( moral solution ?r\gh\t all ! difficulties & disa/]s ( surr\nd+ fate3 a vital c5tre1 :i*1 l t ( a great :eel1 has little motion 9 itself1 b :i* at once transmits & controls ! fi]ce revolution ( ! circumf]5ce4 ,x is obvi\s1 z ,i h indicat$1 t a po9t ( re/ & comp>ison is necess>y only :5 ! objects & int]e/s are _m & m or less conflict+2 b ! pr9ciple is sometimes at play 9 =ms & works 9 :i* we %\ld sc>cely h expect$ to f9d x4 ,an armlet1 or ev5 a f+]-r+1 gives e portion ( ! nude figure an increase ( animation1 unity1 & repose4 ,! arti/ic ju/ification ( ! unmean+ 8bur!n0 ( _m an old ballad may probably be f\nd1 at lea/ 9 "p1 9 ! same pr9ciple2 z may also be t ( ! trick--z old z poetry--( occasionally repeat+ a l9e or phrase )\t any app>5t purpose 9 ! repetition4 ,( c\rse ! 8po9t ( re/0 w n create h>mony :]e--z 9 mo/ mod]n works--its elem5ts are abs5t2 b1 :]e h>mony exi/s1 x w be /rangely br\ght out & acc5tuat$ by ?is 9 itself (t5 trifl+1 & sometimes1 p]haps1 ev5 accid5tal accessory4 ,,vii ,,imag9ation ,!re are ?+s :i* c nev] be m ?an approximately def9$1 & :i*1 ev5 :5 s def9$1 are only to be rightly und]/ood 9 proportion to ! degrees 9 :i* !y are possess$ by ^? :o w\ld attempt to compreh5d !m4 ,su* are1 = example1 8imag9ation0 & 8g5ius02 :i*1 be+ faculties t are possess$ 9 a v l[ degree by ne>ly all & 9 a v high degree by extremely few1 are matt]s ( ! mo/ g5]al int]e/ & ! mo/ v>iable appreh5sion4 ,t su* faculties %\ld1 h[ev]1 z f> z possible1 be und]/ood is ( great practical importance to all p]sons2 inasmu* z x greatly conc]ns all to "k some?+ ( ! signs1 sanctions1 & claims ( ^? p[]s by :i* !y are inevitably m or less rul$1 ext]nally & int]nally4 ,x is no?+ aga9/ a def9ition ( an entity :i* _c be fully def9$ to say t su* def9ition is 8new40 ,x 0 object$ aga9/ an int]pretation by ,/4 ,augu/9e ( "s ,old ,te/am5t hi/ory or p>able1 t o!r au?orities _h giv5 o!r int]pretations4 8,! m int]pretations ! bett]10 0 ! sa9t's reply4 ,9 su* cases v>i\s def9itions & int]pretations are m]ely appreh5sions ( v>i\s sides ( a matt] n :olly to be embrac$ or compreh5d$ by any s+le def9ition or int]pretation4 ,9 rec5t times g5ius & imag9ation h come to be widely reg>d$ z "o & ! same ?+4 ,!y are n s1 h[ev]1 ?\gh !y are p]haps indissolubly connect$4 ,! mo/ peculi> & *>act]i/ic m>k ( g5ius is insight into subjects :i* are d>k to ord9>y vision & = :i* ord9>y language has no adequate expression4 ,imag9ation is r ! language ( g5ius3 ! p[] :i* trav]ses at a s+le glance ! :ole ext]nal univ]se1 & seizes on ! lik5esses & images1 & _! comb9ations1 :i* are be/ able to embody ideas & feel+s :i* are o!rwise inexpressible2 s t ! 8?+s :i* are unse5 are kn[n by ! ?+s :i* are se540 ,imag9ation1 9 its high] developm5ts1 is s quick & subtle a p[] t ! mo/ delicate analysis c sc>cely foll[ its %orte/ flights4 ,col]idge said t x w\ld take a :ole volume to analyse ! effect ( a c]ta9 passage ( only a few syllables 9 l5g?4 ,9 deal+ ) su* a "w z ,! ,tempe/ criticism is absolutely helpless1 & its noble/ function is to decl>e its own helplessness by direct+ att5tion to beauty beyond beauty :i* defies analysis4 ,! ,tempe/1 l all v great works ( art1 is ! %orte/ & simple/1 & inde$ ! only possible expression ( its 8idea40 ,! idea is ! product ( g5ius prop]2 ! expression is ! "w ( imag9ation4 ,!re are cases1 h[ev]1 9 :i* x is h>d to di/+ui% at all betwe5 ^! insep>able qualities4 ,! initiation ( a sci5tific !ory seems (t5 to h be5 due to ! action ( ! imag9ation work+ indep5d5tly ( any peculi> direct insight2 ! analogy-discov]+ faculty--t is1 ! imag9ation--f9d+ a law = a :ole sph]e ( unexpla9$ ph5om5a 9 ! lik5ess ( su* ph5om5a to o!rs ( a diff]5t sph]e ( :i* ! law is kn[n4 ,h5ce ! real discov]]s ( su* !ories are sc>cely ev] ^? :o h obta9$ ! cr$it ( !m2 = no?+ is usually m abhorr5t to m5 ( extraord9>y imag9ation ?an 8fact-gr9d+40 ,su* m51 aft] hav+ flung out _! discov]ies to ! contempt or neglect ( _! contempor>ies1 leave ! future pro( ( !m to m5tal me*anics2 religi\sly avoid+ su* "w !mselves1 le/1 z ,goe! said ( himself1 !y %\ld f9d !mselves imprison$ 9 8! *>nel-h\se ( sci5ce40 ,g5ius & imag9ation ( a v high k9d are n at all uncommon 9 *ildr5 "u twelve ye>s ( age1 especially :5 _! education has be5 8neglect$40 ,! writ] c gu>antee ! foll[+ facts f p]sonal witness3 ,a clev] *ild ( sev51 :o c\ld n read1 & _h c]ta9ly nev] he>d ( ! ,newtonian !ory ( gravitation1 said to 8 "m sudd5ly1 8,:at makes ?is ball drop :5 ,i leave hold ( x8--,oh1 ,i "k3 ! gr\nd pulls x40 ,ano!r *ild1 a ye> or two old]1 lay /ret*$ on a gravel pa?1 />+ int5tly on ! pebbles4 8,!y are alive10 he cri$1 9 ! writ]'s he>+2 8!y are always want+ to bur/1 b some?+ draws !m 940 ,?is infant9e r$iscov]y ( ! doctr9e ( ! co9h]5ce ( attraction & repulsion 9 matt] seems to h be5 an ef=t ( direct insight4 ,! repetition ( ! ,newtonian apple revelation seems r to h be5 ! "w ( ! imag9ation1 track+ lik5ess 9 diff]5ce2 b to disc]n su* lik5ess is1 aga91 an ef=t ( direct insight1 & ju/ifies ,ari/otle's say+ t ?is p[] ( f9d+ similitude 9 ?+s div]se is a pro( ( ! highe/ human faculty1 & t !nce poetry is wor?i] ?an hi/ory4 ,! poet's eye glances f heav5 to e>?1 f e>? to heav52 & 8 faculty ( disc]n+ lik5ess 9 diff]5ce enables him to express ! unkn[n 9 ! t]ms ( ! kn[n1 s z to conf] ^u ! =m] a s5sible cr$ibility1 & to give ! latt] a truly sacram5tal dignity4 ,! s\l conta9s _w ^u _w ( ! mo/ real ( realities ( :i* x has no consci\sness until x is awak5$ to _! exi/5ce by "s p>able or metaphor1 "s /ra9 ( rhy?m or music1 "s comb9ation ( =m or col\r1 "s sc5e ( beauty or sublimity1 :i* sudd5ly expresses ! inexpressible by a l[] lik5ess4 ,! vulg> cynic1 bless+ :5 he only means to bray1 decl>es t love betwe5 ! sexes is 8all imag9ation40 ,:at c be tru]8 ,:at bas] ?+ is !re ?an su* love1 :5 x is n ( imag9ation all compact8 or :at m ne>ly div9e :5 x is8 ,:y8 ,because ! imag9ation deals ) ! spiritual realities to :i* ! mat]ial realities correspond1 & ( :i* !y are only1 z x 71 ! ultimate & s5sible expressions4 ,& "h x may be not$1 by ! way1 t ,nature supplies ! ultimate analogue ( e div9e my/]y ) "s vulg> use or circum/ance1 9 ord]1 z x w\ld seem1 to enable ! /upid & ! gross to d5y ! div9e )\t actual blasphemy4 ,pr(ligacy & 8fact-gr9d+0 de/roy ! imag9ation by habitually dwell+ 9 ultimate expressions :ile d5y+ or =gett+ ! prim>y realities ( :i* !y are prop]ly only ! vessels4 ,purity ends by f9d+ a goddess :]e impurity concludes by confess+ c>rion4 ,:i* ( ^! is ! reality let ea* man judge accord+ to 8 ta/e4 8,fact-gr9d+0--:i* ,d>w9 confess$ & lam5t$ _h de/roy$ 8 imag9ation & caus$ him to 8nauseate ,%akespe>e0--commonly ends 9 de/roy+ ! religi\s faculty1 z pr(ligacy de/roys ! faculty ( love2 = nei!r love nor religion c survive )\t imag9ation1 :i* ,%elley1 9 "o ( 8 prefaces1 id5tify+ g5ius ) imag9ation1 decl>es to be ! p[] ( disc]n+ spiritual facts4 ,^? :o h no imag9ation reg>d x z all "o ) 8fancy10 :i* is only a playful mock]y ( imag9ation1 br++ toge!r ?+s 9 :i* !re is no?+ b an accid5tal simil>ity 9 ext]nals4 ,,viii ,,pa?os ,nei!r ,ari/otle nor ,hegel1 ! two great expositors ( ! relation ( ! emotions to art1 has discuss$ ! nature ( t :i* is und]/ood by mod]ns z 8pa?os40 ,ari/otle has describ$ 9 8 ,rhetoric1 ) ! greate/ acut5ess & s5sibility1 ! conditions & modes ( excit+ pity4 ,b pity includes mu* t is exclud$ by pa?os2 & x may be useful to endeav\r to asc]ta9 :at ! limitations ( ! latt] are1 & :at are its conditions 9 relation m p>ticul>ly to art1 9 :i* x plays s important a "p4 ,pity1 !n1 diff]s f pa?os 9 ?is3 ! latt] is simply emotional1 & rea*es no high] ?an ! s5sitive nature2 ?\gh ! s5sitive nature1 be+ dep5d5t = its p[] & delicacy v mu* ^u ! cultivation ( w & intellect1 may be indef9itely develop$ by ^! active factors ( ! s\l4 ,pity is helpful1 & is n dead5$ or repell$ by circum/ances :i* disgu/ ! simply s5sitive nature2 & its ard\r s f> consumes su* ob/acles to m]ely emotional sympa?y1 t ! p]son :o truly pities f9ds ! field ( pa?os ext5d$ f> beyond ! ord9>y limits ( ! da9ty passion :i* gives te>s to ! eyes ( ! selfi% z well z ! self-sacrific+4 ,9 an ideally p]fect nature1 inde$1 pity & pa?os1 :i* is ! feel+ ( pity1 w\ld be coext5sive2 & ! latt] w\ld dem& = its condition ! exi/5ce ( ! =m]1 ) "s gr\nd ( actual reality to "w b5eficially ^u4 ,on ! o!r h&1 entire selfi%ness w\ld de/roy ev5 ! fa9te/ capacity = disc]n+ pa?os 9 art or circum/ance4 ,9 ! great mass ( m5 & wom5 !re is suffici5t virtue ( pity--pity t w\ld act if x _h ! opportunity--to ext5d 9 !m ! feel+ ( pity1 t is pa?os1 to a f> l>g] range ( circum/ances ?an _! active virtue w\ld be compet5t to enc\nt]1 ev5 if x _h ! *ance4 ,suff]+ is ( itself en\gh to /ir pity2 = absolute wick$ness1 ) ! torm5t ( :i* all :olesome m9ds w\ld be q cont5t1 _c be c]ta9ly pr$icat$ ( any individual suff]]2 b pa?os1 :e!r 9 a draw+-room tale ( delicate di/ress or 9 a trag$y ( s*ylus or ,%akespe>e1 requires t "s obvi\s goodness1 or beauty1 or innoc5ce1 or h]oism %\ld be ! subject ( suff]+1 & t ! circum/ance or n>ration ( x %\ld h c]ta9 conditions ( repose1 contra/1 & =m4 ,! range ( pa?os is imm5se1 ext5d+ f ! immolation ( an ,isaac or an ,iphig5ia to ! dea? ( a kitt5 t purrs & licks ! h& ab\t to dr[n x4 ,next to ! fact ( goodness1 beauty1 innoc5ce1 or h]oism 9 ! suff]]1 contra/ is ! *ief factor 9 arti/ic pa?os4 ,! cele/ial sadness ( ,desdemona's dea? is imm5sely height5$ by ! black %ad[ ( ,iago2 & p]haps ! mo/ int5se t\* ( pa?os 9 all hi/ory is t ( ,gordon murd]$ at ,kh>t\m1 :ile 8 betray] occupies himself1 betwe5 ! acts ( a com$y at ! ,crit]ion1 9 devis+ h[ be/ he may excuse 8 pres5ce !re by d5y+ t he 0 aw>e ( ! contretemps or by repres5t+ 8 news ( x z non-(ficial4 ,! s+] ( ,fair ,rosamund's sorr[s knew ! value ( contra/ :5 he sang-- ,h>d 0 ! he>t t gave ! bl[1 ,s(t 7 ! lips t bl$4 ,e "o kn[s h[ irresi/ible are a pretty woman's te>s4 ,n\ght is !re "u heav'n's wide holl[ness ,t moves m de> compassion ( m9d ,?an beauty br\ght to unwor?y wret*$ness4 ,x is p>tly ! contra/ ( beauty1 :i* is ! natural appanage ( happ9ess1 t r5d]s h] te>s s pa!tic2 b x is /ill m ! way 9 :i* %e is giv5 to smil+ ?r\gh !m4 ,! au?or ( ! ,rhetoric %[s 8 usual incomp>able subtilty ( obs]vation :5 he notes t a little good com+ ^u or 9 ! mid/ ( extremity ( evil is a s\rce ( ! %>pe/ pa?os2 & :5 ! %aft ( a passionate female sorr[ is fea!r$ ) beauty & po9t$ ) a smile !re is no he>t t c refuse h] h] w4 ,9 absolute & uncontroll$ suff]+ !re is no pa?os4 ,no?+ 9 ! ,inf]no has ?is quality except ! passage ( ,paolo & ,francesca1 /ill embrac+1 ?r\gh ! fi]y drift4 ,x is ! embrace t makes ! pa?os1 8temp]+ extremities ) extreme sweet10 or at lea/ ) ! memory ( x4 ,our pres5t sorr[s g5]ally owe _! grace ( pa?os to _! 8cr[n10 :i* is 8rememb]+ happi] ?+s40 ,no "o weeps 9 sympa?y ) ! 8base self-pity+ te>s0 ( ,!rsites1 or ) ^? ( any ^: grief is )\t "s contra/+ dignity ( curb4 ,ev5 a little *ild does n move u by its sorr[1 :5 express$ by te>s & cries1 a t5? "p s mu* z by ! quiv]+ lip ( attempt$ self-control4 ,a great & pres5t evil1 c\pl$ ) a di/ant & unc]ta9 hope1 is also a s\rce ( pa?os2 if inde$ x be n ! same ) t :i* ,ari/otle describes z aris+ f ! sequ5ce ( exce$+ ill & a little good4 ,!re is pa?os 9 a dep>t+ pleasure1 h[ev] small4 ,x is ! fact ( sunset1 n its col\rs--:i* are ! same z ^? ( sunrise--t con/itutes its sadness2 & 9 m]e d>kness !re may be fe> & di/ress1 b n pa?os4 ,!re are few ?+s s pa!tic 9 lit]ature z ! /ory ( ! supp] :i* ,amelia1 9 ,field+'s novel1 _h prep>$ = h] husb&1 & to :i* he did n come1 & t ( ,colonel ,newcome becom+ a ,*>t]h\se p5sion]4 ,9 ea* ( ^! cases ! pa?os arises :olly f ! contra/ ( noble retic5ce ) a sorr[ :i* has no direct expression4 ,! same necessity = contra/ r5d]s reconciliations f> m pa!tic ?an qu>rels1 & ! m>* to battle ( an army to ! s\nd ( *e]ful milit>y music m able to draw te>s ?an ! spectacle ( ! battle itself4 ,! s\l ( pa?os1 l t ( wit1 is brevity4 ,v few writ]s are suffici5tly aw>e ( ?is4 ,hum\r is cumulative & diffusive1 z ,%akespe>e1 ,rabelais1 & ,dick5s well knew2 b h[ _m a good piece ( pa?os has be5 spoil$ by ! hi/orian ( ,little ,nell by an attempt to make too mu* ( x6 ,a drop ( citric acid w give poignancy to a fea/2 b a draught ( x----6 ,h5ce x is d\btful :e!r an ,engli% eye ev] %$ a te> ov] ! ,vita ,nuova1 :atev] an ,italian may h done4 ,next to ! pati5t endurance ( h]oism1 ! bewild]m5t ( weakness is ! mo/ fruitful s\rce ( pa?os4 ,h5ce ! exquisitely t\*+ po9ts 9 ,a ,pair ( ,blue ,eyes1 ,two on a ,t[]1 ,! ,trumpet-,major1 & o!r ( ,h>dy's novels4 ,pa?os is ! luxury ( grief1 & :5 x ceases to be o!r ?an a ke5-edg$ pleasure x ceases to be pa?os4 ,h5ce ,t5nyson's "q 9 8,love & ,duty10 8,%all %>pe/ pa?os blight u80 involves a misund]/&+ ( ! ^w2 al?\gh 8 und]/&+ ( ! ?+ is well prov$ by su* lyrics z 8,te>s1 idle te>s10 & 8,o well = ! fi%]man's boy40 ,pleasure & beauty--:i* may be said to be pleasure visible--are )\t _! highe/ p]fection if !y are )\t a t\* ( pa?os4 ,?is t\*1 inde$1 accrues naturally to pr(\nd pleasure & to great beauty by ! m]e fact ( ! incongruity ( _! e>?ly surr\nd+s & ! s5se ( isolation1 p]il1 & imp]man5ce caus$ !reby4 ,x is a doctr9e ( t inexhau/ible & 7except by ,dante7 almo/ unwork$ m9e ( poetry1 ,ca?olic !ology1 t ! felicity ( ! angels & glorifi$ sa9ts & ( ,god ,himself w\ld n be p]fect )\t ! edge ( pa?os1 :i* x receives f ! fall & reconciliation ( man4 ,h5ce1 on ,holy ,saturday ! ,*ur* exclaims1 8,o felix culpa60 & h5ce 8!re is m joy 9 heav5 ov] "o s9n] t rep5te? ?an ov] n9ety & n9e righte\s :o ne$ no rep5tance40 ,s91 says ,/4 ,augu/9e1 is ! necess>y %ad[ ( heav52 & p>don1 says "s o!r1 is ! highe/ light ( its beatitude4 ,,ix ,,poetical ,,integrity ,! ass]tion t ! value ( ! words ( a poet does & ought to dep5d v mu* ^u 8 p]sonal "* may seem1 at ! fir/ glance1 a viol5t p>adox2 b x is demon/rably true4 ,a wise or t5d] phrase 9 ! m\? ( a ,byron or a ,moore w be despis$1 :]e a commonplace ( morality or affection 9 t ( a ,wordswor? or a ,burns is respect$4 ,if ! au?or ( ,don ,juan _h said t = him 8! meane/ fl[] t bl[s c\ld give ?\ghts t d (t5 lie too deep = te>s10 z he w\ld h said _h x occurr$ to him to d s1 no "o w\ld h believ$ him2 x w\ld h pass$ = a m]e 8poetical lic5ce10 & w\ld h be5 excus$ z su* & =gott54 ,byron & ,wordswor? h bo? decl>$ 9 words ( simil> =ce & beauty t ! sights & s\nds ( nature 8haunt$ !m l a passion40 ,b ! decl>ation 0 n consi/5t ) :at we "k ( ,byron1 & x 0 consi/5t ) :at we "k ( ,wordswor?2 & 9 ! "o case x creates a l frame ( m9d 9 ! read]1 :ile 9 ! o!r x passes l a melodi\s w9d1 leav+ no impression4 ,n[ ?is mighty elem5t ( "* resides1 n 9 ! poet's active life1 by :i* he is & ought to be socially judg$2 b 9 ! spiritual consi/5cy & integrity ( 8 m9d & he>t1 z x is to be inf]r$ f ! cumulative te/imony ( 8 words1 :i* are1 aft] all1 ! safe/ witnesses ( :at ! man truly is4 ,a man's actions--al?\gh we are b\nd socially to judge him !reby--may belie him3 8 words nev]4 ,out ( 8 m\? %all ! int]ior man be judg$2 = ! int]ior man is :at he he>tily desires to be1 h[ev] mis]ably he may fail to br+ 8 ext]nal life into correspond5ce ) 8 desire2 & ! words ( ! man w infallibly decl>e :at he ?us inw>dly is1 especially :51 z 9 ! case ( ! poet1 ! p[]s ( language are s develop$ z to become ! v glass ( ! s\l1 reflect+ its purity & integrity1 or its /a9s & ins9c]ities1 ) a fidelity ( :i* ! writ] himself is b imp]fectly consci\s4 ,to a s\ndly tra9$ m9d !re is no sur] sign ( %all[ness & ( int]ior corruption ?an t habitual pr$om9ance ( =m ov] =mative en]gy1 ( spl5d\r ( language & imag]y ov] human significance1 :i* has s rem>kably di/+ui%$ a great deal ( ! mo/ widely prais$ poetry ( ! pa/ eighty ye>s4 ,mu* ( ?is poetry has ab\t z mu* relation to actual or imag9ative reality z ! trans=mation sc5e ( a pantomime2 & mu* m--call$ 8descriptive0--has s l[ a degree ( significance & betrays s inhuman an absorption 9 ! m]e/ sup]ficies ( nature1 t :5 ! writ] pret5ds to deal ) ^? facts & ph5om5a ( humanity :i*1 directly or indirectly1 are ! ma9 region ( e true poet's song1 he has to ov]come our s5se t he is an habitual trifl] be=e he c ga9 cr$it = s9c]ity1 ev5 :5 he is giv+ utt]ance to :at may really be a pass+ /ra9 ( true poetic ?\ght & feel+4 ,a poet :o is ?us con/antly occupi$ ) ! sup]ficies ( nature may probably atta9 to an accuracy & spl5d\r ( analytical description :i* has its value 9 its way1 & :i* may1 9 c]ta9 transitory conditions ( popul> ta/e1 raise him to ! highe/ p9nacle ( fav\r4 ,b su* poetry w be judg$1 9 ! end1 by its human significance2 & ! writ] ( x w h ! fatal v]dict ( 8he>tless0 record$ aga9/ him--a v]dict :i* ev5 9 ! "t ( 8 fav\r is implicitly pron\nc$ by ! indiff]5ce ) :i* 8 pr(essions ( human pr9ciple & feel+ are receiv$1 ev5 by 8 admir]s4 ,! slighte/ t\* ( g5u9e humanity is ( m actual & poetic value ?an all t is n human :i* ! sun %9es on4 ,! int]e/ ( :at is call$ 8descriptive0 or 8repres5tative0 9 real poetry & all real art is always human1 or1 9 o!r words1 8imag9ative40 ,a description by ,wordswor?1 ,col]idge1 or ,burns1 a l&scape by ,crome1 ,ga9sbor\gh1 or ,con/able1 is n m]ely nature1 b nature reflect$ 9 & giv+ expression to a /ate ( m9d4 ,! /ate ( m9d is ! true subject1 ! natural ph5om5a ! t]ms 9 :i* x is utt]$2 & !re has nev] be5 a great] critical fallacy ?an t conta9$ 9 ,mr4 ,rusk9's /rictures on ! 8pa!tic fallacy40 ,nature has no beauty or pa?os 7us+ ! t]m 9 its wide/ s5se7 b t ) :i* ! m9d inve/s x4 ,)\t ! imag9ative eye x is l a fl[] 9 ! d>k1 :i* is only beautiful z hav+ 9 x a p[] ( reflect+ ! col\rs ( ! light4 ,! true light ( nature is ! human eye2 & if ! light ( ! human eye is d>kness1 z x is 9 ^? :o see no?+ b surfaces1 h[ great is t d>kness6 ,! say+ ( ,wordswor? conc]n+ ! ,poet1 t ,y mu/ love him ere to y ,he w seem wor?y ( y\r love1 :i* at fir/ read+ s\nds v mu* l nons5se1 is absolutely true4 ,he mu/ h won y\r cr$it & confid5ce 9 8 words1 by pro(s ( habitual v]acity & s9c]ity1 be=e y c s receive ! words :i* come f 8 he>t t !y w move y\r own4 ,if1 9 ! utt]ance ( :at he (f]s to y z ! cry or ! deep long+ ( passion1 y cat* him 9 busily notic+ trifles--= :i* v likely he gets prais$ = 8accurate obs]vation ( nature0--y w put him d[n z "o :o kn[s no?+ ( ! passion he is pret5d+ to express4 ,if y detect him 9 ! endeav\r to say 8f9e ?+s0 9 ord] to w9 y\r admiration = himself1 in/ead ( r5d]+ 8 :ole utt]ance a s+le true ?+1 :i* %all w9 y\r sympa?y ) ! ?\ght or feel+ by :i* he decl>es himself to be dom9at$1 ! result w be ! same2 z also x w be if y discov] t ! beauty ( 8 words is obta9$ r by ! lab\r ( poli% ?an ! inw>d lab\r & true f9i% ( passion4 ,:51 on ! o!r h&1 "s famili>ity ) ! poet's "w has assur$ y t1 ?\gh 8 spee* may be unequal & sometimes inadequate1 x is nev] false2 t he has always some?+ to say1 ev5 :5 he fails 9 say+ x3 !n y w n only believe 9 & be mov$ by :at he says well2 b :5 ! =m is sometimes imp]fect y w be c>ri$ ov] su* passages1 z ov] ?9 ice1 by ! =mative p[] ( passion or feel+ :i* quick5s ! :ole2 al?\gh y w\ld reject su* passages ) disgu/ 7 !y f\nd 9 ! writ+ ( a man 9 ^: ?\ghts y "k t ! mann] /&s fir/ & ! matt] second4 ,x ,,! ,,poetry ,,( ,,negation ,poetry is ess5tially ca?olic & affirmative1 deal+ only ) ! p]man5t facts ( nature & humanity1 & int]e/$ 9 ! ev5ts & controv]sies ( its own "t only s f> z !y evolve manife/ly abid+ fruits4 ,b ! abid+ fruits ( su* ev5ts & controv]sies are v r>ely manife/ until ! turmoil 9 :i* !y are produc$ has long s9ce subsid$2 & !re=e poets1 9 all times be=e our own1 h ei!r all[$ ! pres5t to drift unhe$$ by or h s h&l$ its ph5om5a z to make !m :olly subsidi>y to & illu/rative ( matt]s ( well-asc]ta9$ /ability4 ,! _m occasional poems ( pa/ times1 ( :i* tempor>y incid5ts h be5 ! subjects1 9 no way contradict ?is ass]tion 9 ! ma92 & ! casual example ( a poet l ,dryd5 af=ds only ! confirm+ exception4 ,dryd5 0 fond ( prote/+1 especially :5 he 0 a ,ca?olic2 & !re is no d\bt b t ?is habit add$ greatly to 8 popul>ity 9 8 lifetime1 z x does to ! fav\r 9 :i* "s ( ! mo/ di/+ui%$ ( our mod]n poets are n[ held2 b all ^? po9ts :i* probably con/itut$ ! high lights ( ,dryd5's poetry to 8 contempor>ies h suff]$ 9 c\rse ( "t a *ange l t :i* has come ov] ! :ites ( _m ( ,sir ,jo%ua ,reynolds' pictures2 & x is mu* to be fe>$ t a simil> fate awaits a l>ge proportion ( :at has be5 writt5 by sev]al ( ! be/ poets ( ! g5]ation :i* is n[ pass+ away4 ,mo/ ( our rec5t poets1 ev5 :ile condemn+ political revolution1 h %>$ 9 ! ideas or feel+s :i* are at ! bottom ( revolutions1 a hope :i* ! facts ( nature d n ju/ify1 & a disbelief 9 :at ^? facts d ju/ify--namely1 ! in]adicable "* ( moral evil1 ) its circum/antial consequ5ces4 ,! he>t ( ! mod]n poet is1 z a rule1 always vibrat+ betwe5 ! extremes ( despond5t grumbl+ at ! pres5t conditions & ha/y & unreasonable aspirations = ! improvem5t ( 8 k9d2 8 trag$ies & hymns ( rejoic+ are alike void ( ! dignity & repose :i* arise f a s\nd confession ( ! facts ( humanity & a *e]ful resignation to its imp]fections2 & he ^: true function is to /& aside z ! tranquil se] too (t5 n[ becomes ! excit$ ag5t 9 matt]s :i* conc]n him lea/ ( all m51 because ( all m5 he is ! lea/ fitt$ to m$dle ) !m4 ,x is h>d to say :i* is m wond]ful--! cle>ness ( ! true poet's vision = ?+s :5 he is cont5t$ ) look+ at !m z !y are1 or 8 bl9dness :5 he fancies he c m5d !m4 ,fam\s /atesm5 h m>vell\sly drivell$ 9 v]se1 b n m m>vell\sly ?an fam\s poets h drivell$ 9 :at p]ta9s to /atesman%ip4 ,x is sc>cely )\t a feel+ ( amazem5t t a man ( ord9>y good s5se contra/s ! p[] ( poetic vision 9 writ]s l ,victor ,hugo & ,c>lyle ) ! *ildi%ness ( _! judgm5ts :5 !y propose antidotes = evils :i* !y s cle>ly see1 b = :i* !y d n see t !re are no antidotes1 b only palliatives4 ,look+ = :at !y fancy may be1 :5 _! vocation is to proclaim ) cle>ness t :i* is1 "o poet w %riek to u 7= untru?s _c be sung7 t all w be well :5 ,k+ ,log is d[n & ,k+ ,/ork reigns 9 8 /ead2 ano!r t ,niag>a may yet be damm$ if c\ntry g5tlem5 w hire drill-s]geants to put _! g>d5]s & f>m-lab\r]s ?r\gh ! goose-/ep2 ano!r says ! _w w be sav$ if a few g5tlem5 & ladies1 ) no?+ bett] to d1 w take to play+ at be+ _! own dome/ics2 a f\r?1 9 ord] to save morals1 proposes _! abolition2 a fif? proclaims t all w h good wages :5 !re rema9s no "o to pay !m2 a six? discov]s 9 ! sci5ce ( ! future a s$ative = human passions in/ead ( a wid] plat=m = _! display2 & s on4 ,o!rs1 :o h no pat5t m$ic9es on h&1 impot5tly grumble or rage at evils 9 :i*1 if !y look$ /eadily1 !y might disc]n ! good ( ju/ice1 or t ( trial1 or bo? 7z great poets 9 pa/ times always h done72 &1 in/ead ( truly s++1 !y sob hy/]ical sympa?y ) su* suff]+s 9 o!rs z1 if !y 7 _! own1 !y ei!r w\ld be> or "k t !y ought to be> ) equanimity4 ,! /atesman1 ! social re=m]1 ! political economi/1 ! natural philosoph]1 ! alms-giv]1 ! hospital visitor1 ! prea*]1 ev5 ! cynical humori/1 has ea* 8 function1 & ea* is rightly m or less negative2 b ! function ( ! poet is cle>ly di/+ui%$ f all ( ^!1 & is high] ?\gh less obtrusive ?an any4 ,x is simply affirmative ( ?+s :i* x greatly conc]ns m5 to "k1 b :i* !y h ei!r n discov]$ or h all[$ to lapse into ! dea? ( commonplace4 ,he alone has ! p[] ( reveal+ by 8 insight & magic words ! undreamt-( m9es ( felicity :i* exi/ pot5tially = all 9 social relation%ips & affections4 ,! inexhau/ible glories ( nature are a blank = _m :o are yet able to behold !m reflect$ 9 8 p]ceptions4 ,8 conv9c+ song c p]suade _m to believe 91 if !y d n atta9 to ta/e--z he1 if inde$ he be a poet1 mu/ h ta/$--! sweet & :olesome k]nel :i* ! r\gh %ell ( unm]it$ suff]+ conceals = ^? :o are pati5t4 ,& he c s contemplate ! "o real evil 9 ! _w z to give body & life & intelligibility to t la/ & %>pe/ cry ( fai?1 8,o felix culpa60 ,! temptations :i* our "t (f]s to ! poet 9 ord] to induce him to =sake 8 own l9e are v great1 & poets are human4 ,! conceit$ pres5t craves to h s+]s ( its own1 :o w praise x1 or at lea/ abuse x2 & x pays !m well = p&]+ to its self-consci\sness1 lavi%+ its be/ hon\rs ^u !m z lead]s ( ! 8,lib]al movem5t10 & sc(f+ at ^?1 z 8beh9d _! "t10 :o /& ap>t & wat* & help ^? abid+ developm5ts ( humanity :i* advance 8) ! sl[ process ( ! suns40 ,,xi ,,! ,,limitations ,,( ,,g5ius ,9 art1 z 9 high] matt]s1 8/rait is ! gate1 & n>r[ is ! way1 :i* leade? unto life1 & few !re be t f9d x20 & ! initial cause ( failure1 9 _m :o seem to h faculties :i* %\ld ensure success1 is n s mu* ! difficulty ( ! road :i* leads to x1 z want ( humility 9 confess+ its n>r[ness4 ,ea* man is by bir? a unique individuality1 :i* ! circum/ances ( 8 life w increase & develop cont9ually1 if he be cont5t to d 8 duty 9 ! /ation1 intellectual & o!rwise1 to :i* x has pleas$ ,god to call him1 )\t fall+ bel[ its obligations or assum+ o!rs :i* h n be5 laid ^u him4 ,! l[ b /ill priceless degree ( g5ius :i* consi/s 9 individuality 9 mann]s1 & :i* r5d]s ! possessor ( x p[]fully ?\gh imp]ceptibly edify+ 9 all companies1 is op5 to all1 ?\gh few are suffici5tly simple & hone/ & unambiti\s to atta9 to x1 by turn+ nei!r to ! "r h& nor ! left 9 pursuit ( _! p>ticul> good ( life4 8,orig9ality10 :e!r 9 mann]s1 action1 or art1 consi/s simply 9 a man's be+ ^u 8 own l9e2 9 8 advanc+ ) a s+le m9d t[>ds 8 unique appreh5sion ( good2 & 9 8 do+ s 9 h>mony ) ! univ]sal laws :i* secure to all m5 ! lib]ty ( do+ z he is do+1 )\t h9drance f 8 or any o!r's individuality4 ,unless 8orig9ality0 ?us works 9 submission to & h>mony ) g5]al law1 x loses its nature4 ,9 morals x becomes s9 or insanity1 9 mann]s & 9 art oddity & ecc5tricity1 :i* are 9 reality ! extreme opposites & trave/ies ( orig9ality4 ,z 9 religion x is said t 8no man c "k :e!r he is wor?y ( love10 s 9 art & ord9>y life no man c "k :e!r he is orig9al4 ,if ?r\gh habitual fidelity to 8 idea ( good he has atta9$ to orig9ality1 he w be ! la/ p]son 9 ! _w to "k x4 ,if he ?9ks he is orig9al1 he is probably n s2 & if he is commonly prais$ = orig9ality1 he may h>dly hope to atta9 to any su* di/9ction4 ,orig9ality nev] expresses itself 9 h>% & obtrusive s+ul>ities4 ,a society ( p]sons ( true orig9ality 9 mann]s w\ld be l an oak-tree1 ! leaves ( :i* all look alike until !y are c>efully comp>$1 :5 x is f\nd t !y are all diff]5t4 ,9 art1 ! sph]e ( extraord9>y orig9alities1 !re is ! same abs5ce ( /rongly pron\nc$ di/9ctions1 & !re=e ! same )drawal f ! recognition ( ! vulg>1 :o look = orig9ality 9 antics1 oddities1 crudities1 & incessant violations ( ! univ]sal laws1 :i* true orig9ality religi\sly obs]ves2 its v function consi/+1 z x does1 9 uphold+ ^? laws & illu/rat+ !m & mak+ !m unprec$5t$ly attractive by its own peculi> emphases & modulations4 ,! individuality or 8g5ius0 ( a man1 :i* results f fidelity 9 life & art to 8 8rul+ love10 is almo/ necess>ily n>r[4 ,%akespe>e is ! only arti/ t ev] liv$ ^: g5ius has ev5 approa*$ to univ]sality4 ,8 range is s great t ord9>y read]s1 if1 l ,mr4 ,fr$]ic ,h>rison1 !y _h ! c\rage to speak _! impressions1 w\ld ) him condemn ! great] "p ( 8 "w z 8rubbi%0--t is1 z hav+ no c\nt]p>t 9 ! 8positivism0 ( _! actual or imag9ative exp]i5ce4 ,e play ( ,%akespe>e is a new vision--n only a new aspect ( 8 vision1 z is ! case ) ! diff]5t works ( ne>ly all o!r arti/s1 ev5 ! greate/4 ,n>r[ness1 inde$1 s f> f be+ oppos$ to greatness 9 art1 is (t5 its condition4 ,dante & ,wordswor? are pro(s t greatness ( g5ius consi/s 9 see+ cle>ly r ?an mu*2 & well x w\ld h be5 bo? = poets & = read]s _h ! =m] always or ev5 g5]ally und]/ood ! economy ( mov+ always on _! own l9es4 ,no?+ has s mu* injur$ mod]n art z ! arti/'s ambition to %[ (f 8 8bread?02 & _m an immortal lyric or idyll has be5 lo/ because ! lyric or idyllic poet has *os5 to =sake 8 l9e = ! production ( exce$+ly mortal epics or trag$ies4 ,! mod]n cu/om ( exhibit+ all ! works ( a s+le pa9t] at a "t af=ds pro( :i* e "o w und]/& ( :at has be5 said4 ,:o1 ) an eye = ea* pa9t]'s true quality1 c h gone ov] ! collections 9 rec5t ye>s ( ! pictures ( ,l&se]1 ,reynolds1 ,rossetti1 ,blake1 ,holman ,hunt1 & o!rs1 )\t a feel+ ( surprise1 & "s p]haps irrational disappo9tm5t1 at ! discov]y = ! fir/ "t ( ! arti/'s limitations8 ,ea* _h pa9t$ ! same vision ov] & ov] aga96 ,!re 0 no h>m 9 t4 ,! mi/ake 0 9 br++ toge!r ! replicas :i* %\ld h adorn$ 8palace *amb]s f> ap>t40 ,b poets1 ^: 8works0 are always collectively exhibit$1 %\ld bew>e h[ !y betray ! inevitable fact ( ! n>r[ness ( g5ius4 ,n only %\ld !y nev] leave _! own l9e = ano!r :i* is n _! own1 b !y %\ld be equally c>eful n to g ov] x aga9 :5 !y h once got to ! end ( x4 ,,xii ,,love ,,& ,,poetry ,e man & woman :o has n d5i$ or falsifi$ nature kn[s1 or at any rate feels1 t love1 ?\gh ! lea/ 8s]i\s10 is ! mo/ significant ( all ?+s4 ,! wise d n talk mu* ab\t ?is k1 = fe> ( expos+ its delicate edge to ! /olid resi/ance ( ! pr(ligate & unbeliev+1 & because its light1 ?\gh1 & = ! reason t1 x exce$s all o!r1 is defici5t 9 def9ition4 ,b !y see t to ?is mom5t>y transfiguration ( life all t is be/ 9 !m looks =w>d or looks back1 & t x is = ?is ! race exi/s1 & n ?is = ! race--! se$ = ! fl[]1 n ! fl[] = ! se$4 ,all religions h sanctifi$ ?is love1 & h f\nd 9 x _! "o ^w = & image ( _! fonde/ & highe/ hopes2 & ! ,ca?olic has exalt$ x into a 8great ,sacram5t10 hold+ t1 ) ,transub/antiation--:i* x resembles--x is only unreasonable because x is above reason4 8,! love :i* is ! be/ gr\nd ( m>riage10 writes also ! ,prote/ant & 8judici\s0 ,hook]1 8is t :i* is lea/ able to r5d] a reason = itself40 ,inde$1 ! extreme unreasonabl5ess ( ?is passion1 :i* gives cause = s mu* blasphem+ to ! fooli%1 is "o ( its sure/ sanctions & a ma9 cause ( its inexhau/ible int]e/ & p[]2 = :o b a 8sci5ti/0 values greatly or is greatly mov$ by any?+ he c und]/&--t :i* c be compreh5d$ be+ necess>ily less ?an we are ourselves8 ,9 ?is matt] ! true poet mu/ always be a my/ic--altoge!r to ! vulg>1 & m or less to all :o h n atta9$ to 8 peculi> k4 ,= :at is a my/]y b t :i* "o does n "k8 ,! common h&icrafts us$ to be call$ my/]ies2 & _! pr(essors 7 my/ics to outsid]s exactly 9 ! s5se t poets or !ologians1 ) sure1 b to !m uncommunicat$ & p]haps incommunicable1 k1 are my/ics to ! _m4 ,! poet simply kn[s m ?an !y d2 b x flatt]s _! malignant vanity to call him names :i* !y mean to be opprobri\s1 ?\gh !y are n1 because he is n su* a spiritual paup] z !mselves4 ,b poets are my/ics1 n only by virtue ( k :i* ! great] "p ( mank9d does n possess1 b also because !y deal ) k aga9/ :i* ! accusation ( dunces :o "k ! diff]5tial calculus is etymologically true--namely1 t x is absurd4 ,love is et]nally absurd1 = t :i* is ! root ( all ?+s mu/ itself be )\t root4 ,ari/otle says t ?+s are un9telligible to man 9 proportion z !y are simple2 & ano!r says1 9 speak+ ( ! my/]ies ( love1 t ! angels !mselves desire 9 va9 to look into ^! ?+s4 ,9 ! h&s ( ! poet my/]y does n hide k1 b reveals x z by its prop] m$ium4 ,p>ables & symbols are ! only possible modes ( express+ realities :i* are cle> to p]ception ?\gh d>k to ! und]/&+4 8,)\t a p>able he spake n0 :o always spake ( prim>y realities4 ,e spiritual reality fades into some?+ else1 & none c tell ! po9t at :i* x fades4 ,! only p]fectly def9ite ?+s 9 ! univ]se are ! conceptions ( a fool1 :o w\ld d5y ! sun he lives by if he c\ld n see its disk4 ,natural sci5ces are def9ite1 because !y deal ) laws :i* are n realities b conditions ( realities4 ,! greate/ & p]haps ! only real use ( natural sci5ce is to supply similes & p>ables = poets & !ologians4 ,b if ! realities ( love 7 n 9 !mselves d>k to ! und]/&+1 x w\ld be necess>y to d>k5 !m--n only le/ !y %\ld be pr(an$1 b also because1 z ,/4 ,b]n>d says1 8,! m ! realities ( heav5 are clo!d ) obscurity1 ! m !y delight & attract1 & no?+ s mu* height5s long+ z su* t5d] refusal40 8,night10 says ! inspir] ( ,/4 ,b]n>d1 8is ! light ( my pleasures40 ,love is root$ deep] 9 ! e>? ?an any o!r passion2 & = t cause its head1 l t ( ! ,tree ,igdrasil1 so>s high] into heav54 ,! heights dem& & ju/ify ! dep?s1 z giv+ !m sub/ance & cr$ibility4 8,t ,he ha? asc5d$--:at is x b because ,he fir/ also desc5d$ into ! l[] p>ts ( ! e>?80 ,love 8reconciles ! highe/ ) ! l[e/1 ord]+ all ?+s /rongly & sweetly f end to end40 ,/4 ,b]n>d says t 8div9e love0 7religion7 8has its fir/ root 9 ! mo/ secret ( ! human affections40 ,?is affection is ! only key to ! inn] sanctu>ies ( t fai? :i* decl>es1 8,?y ,mak] is ?y ,husb&20 ! only clue by :i* se>*]s ( ! 8secret ( ! ,k+10 9 ! o!rwise inscrutable writ+s ( prophet & apo/le1 discov]1 z ,keble writes1 8! lov+ h9t t meets ! long+ guess10 :i* looks to ! future = ! satisfy+ & abid+ reality1 ! passage ( ^: mom5t>y %ad[ =ms ! supreme glory ( our mortality4 ,! :ole ( aft]-life dep5ds v mu* ^u h[ life's transi5t transfiguration 9 y\? by love is subsequ5tly reg>d$2 & ! greate/ ( all ! functions ( ! poet is to aid 9 8 read]s ! fulfilm5t ( ! cry1 :i* is t ( nature z well z religion1 8,let n my he>t =get ! ?+s m9e eyes h se540 ,! greate/ p]v]sion ( ! poet's function is to falsify ! memory ( t transfiguration ( ! s5ses1 & to make light ( its sacram5tal "*4 ,?is "* is in/antly recognis$ by ! unvitiat$ he>t & appreh5sion ( e y\? & maid52 b x is v easily =gott5 & pr(an$ by mo/1 unless its sanctity is upheld by prie/s & poets4 ,poets are naturally its prophets--all ! m p[]ful because1 l ! prophets ( old1 !y are :olly indep5d5t ( ! prie/s1 & are (t5 ! fir/ to discov] & rebuke ! lifelessness into :i* t ord] is always t5d+ to fall4 ,if society is to survive its app>5tly imp5d+ dang]s1 x mu/ be ma9ly by gu>d+ & increas+ ! purity ( ! s\rces 9 :i* society beg9s4 ,! _w is f9d+ out1 z x has (t5 done be=e1 & m or less =gott51 t x _c d )\t religion4 ,love is ! fir/ ?+ to )] "u its loss4 ,:at love does 9 transfigur+ life1 t religion does 9 transfigur+ love3 z any "o may see :o comp>es "o /ate or "t ) ano!r4 ,love is sure to be some?+ less ?an human if x is n some?+ m2 & ! s-call$ extravagances ( ! y\?ful he>t1 :i* always claims a "* = div9ity 9 its emotions1 fall necess>ily into sordid1 if n %ameful1 reaction1 if ^? claims are n ju/ifi$ to ! und]/&+ by ! fai? :i* decl>es man & woman to be prie/ & prie/ess to ea* o!r ( relations inh]5t 9 ,div9ity itself1 & proclaim$ 9 ! words 8,let u make man 9 our own image0 & 8male & female creat$ he !m40 ,no?+ c reconcile ! intimacies ( love to ! high] feel+s1 unless ! p>ties to !m are consci\s--& true lov]s always are--t1 = ! season at lea/1 !y ju/ify ! words 8,i h said1 ,ye are gods40 ,nuptial love be>s ! cle>e/ m>ks ( be+ no?+ o!r ?an ! rehe>sal ( a communion ( a high] nature4 ,its felicity consi/s 9 a p]petual conv]sion ( phase f desire to sacrifice1 & f sacrifice to desire1 accompani$ by un*angeable complaisance 9 ! delight %9+ 9 ! beauty ( ! belov$2 & x is agitat$ 9 all its *anges by fe>1 )\t :i* love _c long exi/ z emotion4 ,su* a /ate1 9 proportion to its f]v\r1 delicacy1 & p]fection1 is ridicul\s unless x is reg>d$ z a 8great sacram5t40 ,x is ! inculcation ( ?is significance :i* has made love betwe5 man & woman :at x is n[--at lea/ to ! idea & aspirations ( all good m9ds4 ,x is "t t ! sweet doctr9e %\ld be en=c$ m cle>ly4 ,love be+ mu* m respect$ & religion mu* less ?an ( old1 ! dang] ( pr(anation is n s great z x 0 :5 religion 0 rev]$ & love despis$4 ,! mo/ *>act]i/ic virtue ( woman1 or at lea/ ! mo/ allur+ ( h] weaknesses--h] n c>+ = mascul9e tru? & wor? unless !y woo h] ) a smile or a t\* or "s su* flatt]y ( h] s5ses--is ! prevail+ vice ( mo/ m51 especially 9 ^! times4 ,?is g5]al effem9acy is ! poet's great opportunity4 ,x is 8 pontifical privilege to feel ! tru?2 & 8 function is to bridge ! gulf betwe5 sev]e v]ity & its natural enemy1 fem99e s5tim5t1 by spee* :i*1 )\t any sacrifice ( ! =m]1 is 8simple1 s5su\s1 & passionate40 ,he ins9uates 9 n]ve-conv9c+ music ! tru?s :i* ! mass ( mank9d mu/ feel be=e !y believe4 ,he leads !m by _! affections to ?+s above _! affections1 mak+ ,urania acceptable to !m by h] prnom5 ,v5us4 ,he is ! apo/le ( ! ,g5tiles1 & conveys to !m1 )\t any flav\r ( cant or exclusiv5ess1 ! graces :i* ! *os5 p h too (t5 d5i$ or disgrac$ 9 _! eyes4 ,,xiii ,,keats ,mr4 ,sidney ,colv9's book ^u ,keats is1 9 ! ma91 a welcome exception to :at has become1 ( late1 ! rule 9 ?is class ( "w4 ,x is rem>kably j1 & e good read] w feel x to be ! m w>mly appreciative because x is sc>cely ev] extravagantly s4 ,! bulk ( ,keats's poetry1 includ+ 8,endymion10 is e/imat$ at its true wor?1 :i*1 z ,keats--! sev]e/ judge ( 8 own "w--knew & confess$1 0 n mu*2 & ! little volume 7ju/ly /yl$ by ,mr4 ,colv9 8immortal07 :i* 0 publi%$ 9 #ahbj1 & :i* does n consi/ ( m ?an ab\t #cjjj l9es1 is decl>$ to conta9 ne>ly ! :ole ( ! poet's effective writ+4 ,& ev5 9 ?is little volume--:i* includes 8,lamia10 8,isabella10 8,! ,eve ( ,/4 ,agnes10 ! five 8,odes10 & 8,hyp]ion0--,mr4 ,colv9 acutely detects & boldly po9ts out _m s]i\s defects4 ,f ! comp>atively wor?less wa/e ( ! re/ ( ,keats's writ+1 ,mr4 ,colv9 picks out ) accurate disc]nm5t ! few pieces & passages ( real excell5ce2 & he does criticism good s]vice 9 direct+ att5tion to ! especial value ( ! fragm5t call$ 8,! ,eve ( ,/4 ,m>k10 & ( t :i* is probably ! v f9e/ lyric 9 ! ,engli% language1 8,la ,belle ,dame sans ,m]ci40 ,z long z ,mr4 ,colv9 limits himself to ! positive beauties & defects ( ,keats's poetry he is ne>ly always "r2 x is only 9 8 summ+ up & 9 8 e/imate ( ! comp>ative wor? ( 8 subject t a less en?usia/ic critic mu/ "p company ) him4 8,i ?9k x probable t by p[]1 z well z by temp]am5t & aim1 he 0 ! mo/ ,%akespe>ian _s t has liv$ s9ce ,%akespe>e40 ,is n ! tru? r t1 among real poets1 ,keats 0 ! mo/ un-,%akespe>ian poet t ev] liv$8 ,true poets may be divid$ into two di/9ct classes1 ?\gh !re is a bord]-l9e at :i* !y occasionally become confus$4 ,9 ! fir/ class1 :i* conta9s all ! greate/ poets1 ) ,%akespe>e at _! head1 intellect pr$om9ates2 gov]n+ & !reby /r5g!n+ passion1 & evolv+ beauty & sweetness z accid5ts--?\gh inevitable accid5ts--( its op]ation4 ,! vision ( su* poets may almo/ be describ$ 9 ! words ( ,/4 ,?omas ,aqu9as1 9 speak+ ( ! ,beatific ,vision4 8,! vision10 he writes1 8is a virtue1 ! beatitude an accid5t40 ,su* poets are truly spok5 ( z mascul9e4 ,9 ! o!r class--9 :i* ,keats /&s z high z any o!r1 if n high]--! 8beatitude10 ! beauty & sweetness1 is ! ess5tial1 ! tru? & p[] ( intellect & passion ! accid5t4 ,^! poets are1 )\t any figure ( spee*1 ju/ly describ$ z fem99e 7n necess>ily effem9ate72 & !y are sep>at$ f ! fir/ class by a di/ance z great z t :i* sep>ates a truly manly man f a truly womanly woman4 ,! trite say+ t ! _s ( ! great poet has always a fem99e elem5t is p]fectly true not)/&+4 8,! man is n )\t ! woman20 ?\gh 8! man is n = ! woman1 b ! woman = ! man40 ,! diff]5ce lies 9 t :i* has ! lead & ma/]y4 ,9 ,keats ! man _h n ! ma/]y4 ,= him a ?+ ( beauty 0 n only a joy = ev]1 b 0 ! supreme & only good he knew or c>$ to "k2 & ! consequ5ce is t 8 be/ poems are ?+s ( exquisite & mo/ s5sitively felt beauty1 & no?+ else4 ,b x is a fact ( prim>y significance1 bo? 9 morals & 9 art 7a fact :i* is sadly lo/ sight ( j n[71 t ! highe/ beauty & joy are n atta9able :5 !y occupy ! fir/ place z motives1 b only :5 !y are m or less ! accid5ts ( ! ex]cise ( ! manly virtue ( ! vision ( tru?4 ,!re is at fitt+ seasons a s]5e spl5d\r & a sunny sweetness ab\t t :i* is truly mascul9e1 :e!r 9 "* or 9 art1 :i* wom5 & womanly arti/s nev] atta9--an inn] radiance ( orig9al lovel9ess & joy :i* comes1 & c only come1 ( ! purity ( motive :i* reg>ds ext]nal beauty & delight z accid5tal4 ,9 8 individual criticisms ( ,keats's poems ,mr4 ,colv9 fully recognises _! defect ( mascul9e "*4 ,9 speak+ ( 8,isabella0 he says3 8,its p]sonages appeal to u1 n s mu* humanly & 9 !mselves1 z by ! circum/ances1 sc5]y1 & atmosph]e amid/ :i* we see !m move4 ,h]e9 lies ! /r5g?1 & also ! weakness1 ( mod]n romance3 its /r5g?1 inasmu* z ! *>m ( ! m$ival col\r & my/]y is unfail+ = ^? :o feel x at all2 its weakness1 inasmu* z "u ! influ5ce ( t *>m bo? writ] & read] are too apt to =get ! ne$ = human & moral tru?2 & )\t ^! no great lit]ature c exi/40 ,aga93 8,9 ,keats's conceptions ( 8 y\?ful h]oes !re is at all times a t\*1 n ! :olesome/1 ( effem9acy & physical s(tness1 & ! influ5ce ( passion he is apt to make fev] & unman !m q2 z1 inde$1 a helpless & enslav$ submission ( all ! faculties to love prov$1 :5 x came to ! trial1 to be ! weakness ( 8 own nature40 ,& aga93 8,9 matt]s ( poetic feel+ & fancy ,keats & ,hunt _h n a little 9 common4 ,bo? alike 7 giv5 to #8luxuriat+' some:at effusively & fondly ov] ! #8delici\sness' ( :atev] !y lik$ 9 art1 books1 & nature40 ,9 ^! & o!r equally j & unque/ionable criticisms ( ,keats's "* & works1 surely ,mr4 ,colv9 suffici5tly refutes 8 own ass]tion t ?is writ] 0 8by temp]am5t0 8! mo/ ,%akespe>ian0 ( poets s9ce ,%akespe>e4 ,& :e!r he 0 also su* 7z ,mr4 ,colv9 fur!r ass]ts him to h be57 8by p[]10 let ! poet's "w decl>e4 ,9 8 own lovely l9e--:i* he fai?fully kept to 9 8,lamia10 8,isabella10 8,! ,eve ( ,/4 ,agnes10 & ! 8,odes0--he is unsurpass$ & p]haps unequall$4 ,:5 he is true to t l9e we d n feel ! want ( any?+ bett]1 ?\gh we may "k t !re is some?+ bett]3 z1 9 ! pres5ce ( a beautiful woman1 we d n sigh because %e is n a ,g5]al ,gordon or a ,sir ,?omas ,m4 ,b let ,keats try to assume ! man--z he does 9 8 late/ "w1 8 attempts at dramatic composition or at satirical hum\r1 9 ! 8,cap & ,bells0--& all 8 life & p[] seem to %rivel & die1 l ! beauty ( ,lamia 9 ! pres5ce ( ,apollonius4 ,"s ( 8 read]s may object ! semblance ( ,miltonic /r5g? 9 c]ta9 passages ( ! fragm5t 8,hyp]ion02 b ,keats himself knew & admitt$ t x 0 only a semblance & an e*o1 & !re=e wisely ab&on$ ! attempt1 hav+ satisfi$ himself ) hav+ %[n ! _w t !re 0 no object ( m]ely ext]nal nature1 f 8roses amor\s ( ! moon0 to ,! solid ro> ,( ?und]\s wat]falls & torr5ts ho>se1 ,p\r+ a con/ant bulk1 unc]ta9 :]e1 :i* he _h n n]ves to feel & words s to utt] t o!rs %\ld feel z he did4 ,9 mak+ ?is di/9ction betwe5 poetry ( a mascul9e & t ( a fem99e ord]1 x mu/ be und]/ood t no sort ( disrespect is int5d$ to ! latt] 9 say+ a good ^w = t 8once important sex0 ( poetry :i* ! bewit*+ allurem5ts ( ,keats & ,%elley & _! foll[]s h caus$1 = a season1 to be comp>atively despis$4 ,! fem99ity ( su* poets z ^! is a glori\s & immortal gift1 su* z no mortal lady has ev] atta9$ or ev] w atta94 ,x has be5 prov$ to u h[ well a mortal lady may become able to read ! classics2 b1 humbl$ z "s ( u may feel by h] hav+ head$ ! ,tripos1 x is /ill "s comp5sation = ^? ( our sex to rememb] t we alone c write 8classics10 ev5 ( ! fem99e ord]4 ,nor let x be ?\ght t we h be5 insi/+ ^u a mod]n & fanciful di/9ction 9 ?us divid+ great m5 into two classes1 9 "o ( :i* ! mascul9e & 9 ! o!r ! fem99e pr$om9ates4 ,x is a fact ! obs]vation ( :i* is z old z ! my?ology :i* attribut$ ! p>5tage ( h]oes 9 :om ! intellectual p[]s prevail$ to ! union ( gods ) wom51 :ile ^? :o di/+ui%$ !mselves by m ext]nal & %[y faculties 7 said to h be5 born ( ! comm]ce ( goddesses ) m54 ,,xiv ,,:at ,,%elley ,,0 ,pr(essor ,d[d5 has _h access to a v l>ge quantity ( hi!rto unpubli%$ correspond5ce & o!r matt]1 "s ( :i* ?r[s mu* new light ^u ,%elley's s+ul> "*2 &1 b = "o mo/ important po9t--8 sudd5 sep>ation f ,h>riet ,we/brook1 = :i* no sub/antial reason is giv5--! ,pr(essor's elev5 hundr$ closely pr9t$ pages conta9 all & m ?an all t any reasonable p]son c want to "k ab\t ! subject4 ,pr(essor ,d[d5's arrangem5t ( ?is mass ( mat]ial is s lucid t int]e/ seldom flags2 & ! :ole "w reads l a fir/-class s5sational novel1 ( :i* ! only faults are t ! *>act]s are unnatural & ! incid5ts improbable4 ,a beautiful y\? ( almo/ sup]human g5ius1 s5sitiv5ess1 & self-abnegation1 is ! h]o4 ,he is giv5 e>ly to blasphem+ :atev] society has hi!rto respect$2 & to curs+ ! ,k+ & 8 fa!r--an old g5tleman ^: *ief foible seems to h be5 atta*m5t to ! ,*ur* ( ,engl&4 ,8 *>ity is s angelical t he rema9s on ! be/ ( t]ms ) "o man :o has tri$ to s$uce 8 wife1 & ) ano!r--a beautiful "y "l ) a club-foot1 :om he f9ds wall[+ 9 a society giv5 to vices :i* _c be nam$1 & :o is also a supreme poet--not)/&+ ! fact t ?is "l has _h a *ild by "o ( ! ladies ( 8 7! h]o's7 wife's family & treats h] ) ! mo/ unm]it$ contempt & cruelty4 ,he adores ?ree really respectable & attractive "y ladies--by "n ,h>riet ,we/brook1 ,elizabe? ,hit*5]1 & ,emilia ,viviani--) a passion :i* et]nity _c exhau/1 & praises !m 9 music l t ( ! sph]es 7witness 8,epipsy*idion072 &1 anon1 ,h>riet is 8a frantic idiot10 ,elizabe? a 8br[n demon10 & ,emilia a 8c5taur40 8,x 010 says 8 biograph]1 8"o ( ! infirmities ( ,%elley's "* t1 f ?9k+ ! be/ ( a fri5d or acqua9tance1 he c\ld ( a sudd51 & ) insuffici5t cause1 pass ov] to ! o!r side & ?9k ! wor/40 ,x is1 p]haps1 =tunate t ,provid5ce %\ld afflict supreme sanctities & g5iuses ) su* 8infirmities02 o!rwise we might take !m = some?+ m ?an m]e sa9ts & poets4 ,! h]o1 z became absolute *>ity1 gave e "o cr$it--at lea/1 :5 x suit$ 8 mood & conv5i5ce--= be+ z *>itable z himself3 witness 8 solicit+ ,h>riet ,we/brook = money aft] he _h run away ) 8 fre% 8wife10 h] rival4 ,he 0 addict$ ev5 f 8 babyhood to ! odde/ & mo/ 8*>m+0 ecc5tricities4 8,:5 ,bys%e10 !n q a *ild1 8"o day set a fagot-/ack on fire1 ! excuse 0 a *>m+ "o3 he did s t he might h #8a little hell ( 8 own4'0 ,at ,eton 89 a p>oxysm ( rage he seiz$ ! ne>e/ weapon1 a =k1 & /uck x into ! h& ( 8 torm5tor40 ,on ano!r occasion1 :5 8 tutor f\nd him app>5tly sett+ fire to himself & ! h\se1 & ask$ him 8,:at on e>? are y do+1 ,%elley80 he repli$1 8,please1 sir1 ,i'm rais+ ! devil40 ,! pet virtue ( ! h]o 0 tol]ance4 8,"h ,i swe>10 he writes to ,mr4 ,hogg1 8& z ,i break my oa?s1 may ,inf9ity1 ,et]nity bla/ me--"h ,i swe> t nev] w ,i =give intol]ance6 ,x is ! only po9t on :i* ,i all[ myself to enc\rage rev5ge 444 n "o t leaves ! wret* at re/1 b la/+1 long rev5ge40 ,8 resolutions to be himself tol]ant (t5 broke d[n1 & he c\ld n abide 8m5 :o pray0 & su*-l2 b :at c\ld be expect$ f su* a h]o 9 su* a _w6 ,he _h all ! navet z well z ! self-reliance ( true greatness4 ,he _h no soon] become an und]graduate at ,ox=d ?an he pr9t$ a pamphlet on 8,! ,necessity ( ,a!ism10 & s5t copies to ! ,vice-,*ancellor1 ! heads ( h\ses1 & all ! bi%ops1 ) 8a pretty lett] 9 8 own h&writ+0 to ea*4 ,he 0 summon$ be=e ! ,univ]sity au?orities1 :o 8plead$1 implor$1 & ?reat5$2 on ! o!r side1 ! unaba%$ & be>dless boy ma9ta9+ 8 "r to ?9k1 & decl>e 8 ?\ghts to o!rs40 ,mu* evil z he believ$ ( su* v]m91 he does n seem to h dream$ ( ! intol]ance ( :i* !y 7 capable4 ,hogg--! de> & life-long fri5d :o tri$ to s$uce 8 wife--writes3 8,he ru%$ 92 he 0 t]ribly agitat$4 #8,i am expell$1' he said1 z soon z he _h recov]$ himself a little2 #8,i am expell$6'444 ,he sat on ! s(a1 repeat+ ) convulsive vehem5ce ! words #8,expell$6 expell$6'0 ,pr(essor ,d[d5 ?9ks 8x 0 natural & p]haps exp$i5t t measures %\ld h be5 tak5 to v9dicate ! au?ority ( ! heads ( ! in/itution2 444 b good feel+0 w\ld n h puni%$ s sev]ely :at 80 m an (f5ce ( ! intellect ?an ( ! he>t & w03 = :at 0 x 8to fl+ out a boy's defiance aga9/ ! fir/ article ( ! ,cre$10 comp>$ ) ! dr9k+ & disord]ly life ( "s o!r und]graduates :o 7 yet all[$ to rema9 9 ! ,univ]sity8 ,! conduct ( ! au?orities 0 ! less excusable t we h ,mr4 ,hogg's au?ority = ! fact t at ?is "t 8! purity & sanctity ( 8 life 7 mo/ conspicu\s10 & t 89 no individual1 p]haps1 0 ! moral s5se ev] m completely develop$ ?an 9 ,%elley40 ,( c\rse1 9 face ( su* an au?ority z ,mr4 ,hogg1 ! ass]tion ( ,?ornton ,hunt t 8he 0 aw>e ( facts :i* gave him to und]/& t ,%elley :ile at college1 9 tamp]+ ) v5al passions1 _h s]i\sly injur$ 8 heal?2 & t ?is 0 foll[$ by a reaction #8m>k$ by horror1'0 is n to be li/5$ to1 & is !re=e relegat$ to a footnote4 ,pr(essor ,d[d5 rightly ?9ks t ,%elley might h be5 all ! bett] _h he left ! ,univ]sity at ! usual "t1 & ) 8 m9d weight$ ) m discipl9e & k4 8,8 voyage10 says 8 biograph]1 8mu/ ne$s h be5 fleet & f>1 & ! craft1 ) =e & fly+ sails set1 mu/ (t5 h run ^u h] side & drunk ! wat]2 all ! m reason1 !re=e1 = lay+ 9 "s balla/ bel[ be=e %e rac$ into ! gale40 ,e "o kn[s h[ ! craft rac$ into ! gale1 ) ,miss ,we/brook on bo>d1 z soon z ! ,ox=d haws] 0 cut4 ,%elley might h done mu* worse4 ,%e 0 a good & attractive p]son4 ,he began by lik+ h]4 8,!re are "s hopes10 he says1 8( ?is de> little girl2 %e w\ld be a div9e little scion ( infidelity if ,i c\ld get hold ( h]40 ,%e seems to h be5 s9c]ely devot$ to him & he aft]w>ds to h]1 until circum/ances unkn[n or undivulg$ made 8 home insupportable to h]1 & %e became ! 8frantic idiot0 :o1 ?\gh %e w\ld give ,%elley money :5 %e _h x1 0 app>5tly n suffici5tly 8tol]ant0 ^u o!r po9ts--su* z t ( 8 proposition t %e %\ld enjoy ! sc5]y ( ,switz]l& 9 8 company & t ( h] supplant]2 & x c]ta9ly %[$ "s n>r[ness ( m9d to ca/ h]self1 ^u 8 f9al des]tion ( h]1 fir/ into "s desp]ation ( liv+ & aft]w>ds into ! ,s]p5t9e1 :5 %e might h %>$1 or at lea/ witness$1 ! 8et]nal rapture0 & 8div9e aspirations0 :i* h] husb& 0 enjoy+ 9 ! arms ( ano!r woman4 ,poor little 8idiot0 z %e 01 %e con/itutes almo/ ! only po9t 9 all ?is bewild]+ 8romance ( reality0 ^u :i* ! m9d c re/ ) any peace or pleasure4 ,:at ,%elley 0 at fir/ he rema9$ to ! la/3 a beautiful1 effem9ate1 arrogant boy--con/itutionally indiff]5t to money1 g5]\s by impulse1 self-indulg5t by habit1 ignorant to ! end ( all t x mo/ behoves a responsible be+ to "k1 & s conceit$ t 8 ignorance 0 incurable2 %[+ at e turn ! mo/ infallible sign ( a feeble intellect1 a belief 9 human p]fectibility2 & ru%+ at once to ! conclusion1 :5 he or o!rs met ) suff]+1 t "s "o1 n ! suff]]1 0 do+ griev\s wrong4 ,if to d :at is "r 9 "o's own eyes is ! :ole ( virtue1 & to suff] = s do+ is to be a m>tyr1 !n ,%elley 0 ! sa9t & m>tyr :i* a l>ge numb] (--*iefly "y--p]sons consid] him to h be5 z a man2 & if to h ! faculty ( say+ ev]y?+ 9 ! mo/ brilliant language & imag]y1 )\t hav+ any?+ p>ticul> to say beyond sublime commonplaces & e!real fallacies ab\t love & lib]ty1 is to be a 8supreme0 poet1 !n ,%elley und\bt$ly 0 su*4 ,b1 z a man1 ,%elley 0 almo/ :olly devoid ( ! in/9cts ( ! 8political animal10 :i* ,ari/otle def9es a man to be4 ,if he c\ld n see ! reasons = any social in/itution or cu/om1 he c\ld n feel any2 & =?) set himself to conv9ce ! _w t !y 7 ! inv5tion ( prie/s & tyrants4 ,he 0 equally defici5t 9 :at is commonly und]/ood by natural affection4 ,! ties ( relation%ip 7 no ties to him3 = he c\ld only see !m z accid5ts4 8,i1 l ! ,god ( ! ,jews10 writes ,%elley1 8set up myself z no respect] ( p]sons2 & relation%ip is reg>d$ by me z be>+ t relation to reason :i* a b& ( /raw does to fire40 ,z ^! defici5cies 7 ! cause ( all ! abnormal ph5om5a ( 8 life1 s !y are at ! root (1 or r are1 ! imp]fections ( 8 poetry1 :i* is all spl5d\r & s5tim5t & s5sitiv5ess1 & little or no true wisdom or true love4 ,! v texture ( 8 v]se suff]s f ^! causes4 ,9 8 be/ poems x is firm1 flu5t1 v>i\s1 & melodi\s2 b ! m s]i\s & subtle music ( life :i* he _h n 9 8 he>t he c\ld n put into 8 rhy?ms2 :i* no "o :o kn[s :at rhy?m is w v5ture to comp>e ) ! be/ ( ,t5nyson's or ,wordswor?'s1 f> less ) ! be/ ( our really 8supreme0 poets4 ,a v great deal ( 8 poetry is mu* l ! soap-bubbles he 0 s fond ( bl[+--its sup]ficies beauty1 its sub/ance w9d2 or l _m a "y lady :o looks & moves & modulates h] spee* l a goddess1 & *att]s l an ape4 ,aft] ,%elley1 ! *ief male figure 9 ?is romance--:i* w\ld be altoge!r incr$ible 7 x n real--is t ( ! guide1 philosoph]1 & fri5d ( ! poet's y\?1 ,godw94 ,pecksniff is g5teel com$y comp>$ ) ! grim f>ce ( ?is repulsive lov] ( wisdom z embodi$ 9 himself4 ,l ! ,g]man poet :o 0 entru/$ by "o fri5d to be ! be>] ( a sausage to ano!r1 &1 bit by bit1 ate x all on 8 way1 ,godw9 8s9c]ely abhorr$ all t 0 sordid & mean2 b he lik$ sausage02 & ! way he comb9$ ! necessity = nibbl+ at ,%elley's future =tune by mak+ incessant claims1 :i* ! latt] c\ld only satisfy by repeat$ & ru9\s po/-obits1 ) ! o!r necessity = keep+ up ! insult$ & injur$ dignity ( a man :om ,%elley _h wrong$ pa/ p>don1 is funny beyond description4 ,8 writ+ to tell ,%elley t he _h insult$ him by giv+ him a heavy sum ( money 9 ! =m ( a *eque made payable to 8 7,godw9's7 own "n1 !reby mak+ ! gift liable to be con/ru$ z su* by ! bank]1 & ?reat5+ solemnly n to receive ! gift at all1 unless ! "n 0 *ang$ to 8,hume0 or any o!r ! poet might select1 is a t\* :i* ,%akespe>e might h covet$ = ,anci5t ,pi/ol4 ,x appe>s t !re /ill exi/s a good deal ( writ+ by & conc]n+ ,%elley :i* x has n be5 deem$ exp$i5t to publi%4 ,a footnote1 = in/ance1 assures u t 8a poetical epi/le to ,graham ref]r+ to 8 fa!r 9 odi\s t]ms0 is /ill 89 exi/5ce02 & v>i\s o!r unpr9t$ lett]s & poems are allud$ to4 ,b x is sc>cely to be suppos$ t any future ,life ( ,%elley w sup]s$e ,pr(essor ,d[d5's--unless1 inde$1 x %\ld be an abridgm5t1 m suitable 9 bulk & p]haps 9 tone ?an ! pres5t publication is1 = ! use ( ^? :o1 undazzl$1 or possibly repell$1 by ! glam\r ( ,%elley's p]sonality & revolution>y convictions1 admire ! meteoric spl5d\r ( 8 g5ius & all[ x its n unimportant place 9 ! p]man5t lit]ature ( ,engl&4 ,,xv ,,blake ,blake's poetry1 ) ! exception ( f\r or five lovely lyrics & "h & !re 9 ! o!r pieces a />tl+ gleam ( unque/ionable g5ius1 is m]e drivel4 ,a s5sible p]son c easily di/+ui% betwe5 t :i* he _c und]/& & t 9 :i* !re is no?+ to be und]/ood4 ,mr4 ,w4 ,rossetti1 :o is an en?usia/ = 8! mu*-malign$ ,p>is ,commune0 & = ,blake's poetry1 says ( "s ( ! latt]1 :]e x is ne>ly at its wor/1 8,we feel its pot5t & arcane influ5ce1 b _c dismemb] ?is into articulat$ mean+s40 ,?is s5t5ce1 if put into less exalt$ ,engli%1 expresses tol]ably well ! aspect ( m9d ) :i* we reg>d mu* ( ! writ+ ( ! ,prophets & ( ! great anci5t & mod]n my/ics4 ,"s light ( _! mean+ =ces itself ?r\gh !1 9 mo/ cases1 purposely obscure cl\d ( _! words & imag]y2 b :51 by *ance1 a glimpse ( ! disk itself is caught1 x is surpris+ly /rong1 bright1 & intelligible4 ,su* writ]s are only spok5 ( ) irrev]5ce by ^? t w\ld h giv5 _! v]dict 9 fav\r ( ! fam\s ,iri%man :o1 be+ confront$ ) "o witness swe>+ to hav+ se5 him take a h&k]*ief f ano!r g5tleman's pocket1 br\ght f\r :o te/ifi$ ) equal solemnity to n hav+ se5 him d any su* ?+4 ,! obvi\s rule 9 reg>d to su* writ]s is1 8,:5 y _c und]/& a man's ignorance1 ?9k y\rself ignorant ( 8 und]/&+40 ,aga91 if a man's say+s are :olly un9telligible to u1 he may claim ! b5efit ( a small possibility ( a d\bt t 8 mean+s may be too great & necess>ily 8arcane0 = our p[]s ( reception4 ,b :5 a writ]'s works consi/ ( a few passages ( great beauty & su* simplicity t a *ild may und]/& !m--l ,blake's 8,*imney-,sweep10 8,tig]10 8,pip+ d[n ! valleys wild10 8,:y 0 ,cupid a boy80 & 8,auguries ( ,innoc5ce0--& a great deal m t is m]e ill-express$ b p]fectly intelligible platitude & commonplace mix$ ) petty spite1 & a f> l>g] quantity /ill :i* to ! e> ( ! natural und]/&+ is m]e gibb]i%1 he has no "r to claim1 z ,blake does1 t ! latt] %all be reg>d$ z pl5>ily inspir$1 or1 inde$1 z be+ any?+ bett] ?an ! deliri\s rubbi% x obvi\sly is4 ,mr4 ,w4 ,rossetti1 ?\gh he goes a great way fur!r 9 8 admiration ( ,blake ?an reason c be %[n =1 does ! cause ( reason a good s]vice 9 decl>+ 8 op9ion t ! poet 0 probably mad4 8,:510 says he1 8,i f9d a man p\r+ =? conceptions & images = :i* he pr(esses himself n responsible1 & :i* are 9 !mselves 9 ! highe/ degree remote1 nebul\s1 & intangible1 & putt+ "s ( ^!1 moreov]1 into words :]e9 congru5t sequ5ce & significance ( expression or analogy are n to be trac$1 !n ,i _c resi/ a /rong presumption t t man 0 9 "s true s5se ( ! ^w mad40 ,z ,pope 8c\ld n take 8 tea )\t a /ratagem10 s ,blake c\ld n 8mix 8 col\rs ) dilut$ glue0 )\t decl>+ t 8! process 0 reveal$ to him by ,/4 ,joseph02 & x 0 ! gho/ ( 8 bro!r :o taught him ! new1 ?\gh1 _h we n be5 told o!rwise1 ! n sup]naturally wond]ful device ( sav+ ! exp5se ( ord9>y typography by et*+ ! words ( 8 v]ses on ! copp] plate :i* bore _! illu/rations4 ,blake 0 morally z well z intellectually mad2 propos+ on "o occasion1 = example1 t 8 wife %\ld all[ him to introduce a second p>tn] to 8 b$1 & do+ s ) a bon fide unconsci\sness ( any?+ amiss 9 su* a sugge/ion z p]fect z t ) :i* ,%elley urg$ 8 wife to come & %>e ! delights ( a t\r 9 ,switz]l& ) him & 8 mi/ress ,m>y ,godw94 ,t 8great wits to madness ne>ly are alli$0 is n true2 b x is n only true b psy*ologically explicable t small 8g5iuses0 (t5 are s4 ,mo/ *ildr5 are g5iuses be=e ! dawn ( moral & intellectual responsibilities2 & !re are "s :o rema91 n *ildr51 b moral & intellectual manik9s1 all _! lives4 ,x mu/ be confess$ t consci5ce makes1 n only c[>ds1 b m or less dull>ds1 ( u all4 ,! *ild1 t ,mighty prophet1 se] ble/1 ,on :om ^? tru?s d re/ ,:i* we are toil+ all our lives to f9d1 owes 8 p[] ( vision to 8 n be+ able to see ! flam+ sword ( consci5ce :i* turns e way1 & h9d]s all m5 b a v few f gett+ a glimpse ?r\gh ! clos$ gates ( ,p>adise4 ,yet x is bett] to be a purbl9d man ) a consci5ce ?an a see+ manik9 ) none4 ,x is bett] /ill1 & be/ ( all1 :5 ! man ( develop$ intellect & fully accept$ responsibilities reta9s a *]i%$ memory ( & an innoc5t sympa?y ) ! k t came to him 9 *ildhood & e>ly y\?1 & uses 8 tra9$ p[]s ( expression 9 ord] to make ! _w p>tak]s ( ^? ?\ghts & feel+s :i* _h no tongue :5 !y fir/ arose 9 him1 & leave no memory 9 ! mass ( m5 until ! man ( true & sane g5ius t\*es *ords ( recollection t w\ld o!rwise h slept 9 !m = ev]4 ,"o ( ! few really good ?+s ev] said by ,hazlitt is t 8m5 ( g5ius sp5d _! lives 9 tea*+ ! _w :at !y !mselves le>n$ be=e !y 7 tw5ty40 ,= ! "t1 h[ev]1 ! manik9 type ( g5ius is all ! fa%ion1 especially ) a class ( critics :o h x 9 _! p[] to give notoriety1 if !y _c give fame4 ,craz9ess alone passes at pres5t = a /rong presumption ( g5ius1 & :]e g5ius is really f\nd 9 company !re) x is at once pron\nc$ 8supreme40 ,?is is p>tly because mo/ p c see t craz9ess has some?+ abnormal ab\t x1 & are ready1 !re=e1 to id5tify x ) g5ius1 ( :i* mo/ p]sons only "k t x also is 8abnormal02 & p>tly because ! manik9 m9d is always r$ republican1 & ard5t 9 its hatr$ ( k+s1 prie/s1 8conv5tions10 ! 8monopoly0 ( prop]ty & ( wom51 & all o!r h9drances put 9 ! way ( virtue1 lib]ty1 & happ9ess by ! wick$ 8civilizee40 ,blake1 z an arti/1 is a m important figure ?an ,blake ! poet2 & naturally s1 = ! smalle/ good poem involves a consecutiv5ess & complexity ( ?\ght :i* are only requir$ 9 pa9t+s ( a "* :i* ,blake r>ely attempt$4 ,yet1 ev5 z a pa9t] 8 reputation has until lately be5 mu* exagg]at$4 ,! rec5t exhibition ( 8 collect$ draw+s & pa9t+s 0 a great bl[ to ! fame :i* _h gr[n up f a haphaz>d acqua9tance by 8 admir]s ) a few sket*es or an illu/rat$ poem4 ,"h & !re !re 0 a gleam ( su* pure & simple g5ius z is (t5 reveal$ 9 ! spee* ( a f9ely natur$ *ild amid its ord9>y *att]2 "h & !re ! expression ( a t5d] or di/emp]$ dream1 :i* 0 n l any?+ else 9 ! spectator's exp]i5ce2 n[ & !n an outl9e t _h a look ( ,mi*ael ,angelo1 ) sometimes h9ts :i* might h =m$ ! !mes ( great works1 & :i* ju/ifi$ ! say+ ( ,fuseli t 8,blake is damn$ good to /eal f02 b ! effect ( ! :ole collection 0 deject+ & unimpressive1 & did little t[>ds confirm+ its creator's op9ion t ,titian1 ,reynolds1 & ,ga9sbor\gh 7 bad arti/s1 & ,blake1 ,b>ry1 & ,fuseli good ones4 ,,xvi ,,rossetti ,,z ,a ,,poet ,! claims ( ,rossetti z a pa9t] & a poet h obta9$ a full & g5]\s recognition2 & he has acquir$ a /&+ 9 ei!r art :i* w 9 all probability abide1 ?\gh x is f> too soon to attempt any e/imate ( 8 relative position 9 ! p]man5t ranks ( arti/s & writ]s4 ,8 ?\ghtfulness1 & ! cle>ness & int5sity ( 8 p]ceptions1 d n require to be insi/$ ^u1 nor ! almo/ unexampl$ way 9 :i* he has m]g$--& (t51 x mu/ be admitt$1 conf\nd$--! functions ( pa9t] & poet4 ,?is he has done to ! detrim5t ( 8 p]fection 9 ei!r art2 9 nei!r ( :i* c he be truly said to h atta9$ ! "* ( ma/]y :i* may be f\nd1 m or less1 9 almo/ all o!r work]s ( equal g5ius ) himself1 & sometimes 9 ^? ^: natural qualifications h be5 inf]ior to 84 ,little ( 8 draw+ & none ( 8 pa9t+ c be enjoy$ )\t ! drawback ( "s s5se ( manife/ te*nical failure2 & ne>ly all 8 poetry--:i* is m or less difficult by reason ( ! quick succession ( out-(-!-way ?\ghts & images1 ne$+ ! close/ att5tion = _! appreciation--is r5d]$ unnecess>ily s by language :i* r>ely has ! flu5cy ( p]fection4 ,9 ! two or ?ree in/ances 9 :i* 8 v]se becomes flu5t & m or less ma/]ly--notably 9 ! 8,burd5 ( ,n9eveh0 & 8,j5ny0--x ceases to be *>act]i/ic or subtle4 ,! 8,burd5 ( ,n9eveh0 might h be5 writt5 by ,s\!y1 or any o!r writ] ( =cible words & ?\ghts 9 some:at commonplace rhy?m4 ,?is fact1 t flu5cy fails him z soon z he gets ^u 8 own prop] gr\nd1 r5d]s x extremely difficult to disc]n & to describe exactly :at t gr\nd is4 ,/yle1 :i* is ! true expression ( ! poet's individuality--! m>k by :i* we discov]1 n :at1 b h[1 he ?9ks & feels--is almo/ suffocat$1 9 ,rossetti's mo/ *>act]i/ic "w1 by volunt>y oddities ( mann] & by a manife/ difficulty 9 s mov+ 9 ! bonds ( v]se z to conv]t !m into graces4 ,if subtle ?\ghts & vivid imag]y 7 all t w5t to make a poet1 ,rossetti w\ld /& v high4 ,b ^! qualities mu/ h ! runn+ comm5t>y & musical accompanim5t ( free feel+1 :i* only a correspond+ly subtle & vivid v]sification c express1 be=e !y c be all[$ to con/itute a claim to ! highe/ poetical rank4 ,rossetti z a v]sifi] 0 z te*nically defective z ,rossetti z a pa9t]2 8 be/ poems & 8 be/ pa9t+s are ! outcome1 n only ( v high aims--:i* are z common z blackb]ries--b ( v high aims deeply & *>act]i/ically felt2 & 8 sup]iority to _m f> m te*nically p]fect arti/s results f ! fact t 8 *>act]i/ic feel+ is /rong en\gh to make itself p[]fully1 h[ev] indi/9ctly1 p]ceiv$ ?r\gh ! mi/ & ob/ructions ( 8 mann]ism & defective v]se4 ,l all m5 ( /rong arti/ic individuality comb9$ ) s]i\s arti/ic faults1 ,rossetti has _h a great influ5ce ^u ! lit]ature ( 8 day--su* an influ5ce z comp>atively faultless writ]s nev] ex]t1 at lea/ 9 _! "t4 ,_m "y v]sifi]s & pa9t]s fancy !y are reproduc+ ,rossetti's int5sity :5 !y are only imitat+ ! mo/ prevail+ fault ( 8 art1 its t5sity4 ,8 bro!r1 ,william ,rossetti1 9 8 mode/ & judici\s introduction to ^! volumes1 tells h[ he & ,gabriel us$ to amuse !mselves 9 mak+ b\ts-rims4 ,william says ( 8 bro!r's lit]>y toys ( ?is sort3 8,"s h a faux air ( int5sity ( mean+1 z well z ( expression2 b _! real core ( significance is small40 ,x _c be d5i$ t a c>eful scrut9y ( mu* ( ,rossetti's publi%$ "w is op5 to ?is criticism4 ,x is t5se )\t be+ int5se4 ,?is fault is 8 great attraction to 8 imitators1 ^: e s5sation is repres5t$ z a pang1 delici\s or o!rwise1 & ^: m5tal sky is a canopy ( iron de/9y comp>$ ) :i* ! melan*oly ( ,byron1 :i* likewise _h s _m copyi/s1 0 no m ?an a pleasant %ade4 ,9 endeav\r+ to d ju/ice to ,rossetti x mu/ be rememb]$ t1 ?\gh born & br$ 9 ,engl&1 he 0 an ,italian by blood & sympa?y4 ,8 acqua9tance ) ,engli%m5 & ,engli% books 0 by no means wide4 ,love1 ! con/ant !me ( 8 art1 is 9 "s ( 8 mo/ important poems1 n ! ,engli% love ^: /ream is /eady affection & only its occasional eddies passion1 & :i*1 :5 disappo9t$1 does n cease to be love1 ?\gh x becomes sorr[3 b ! ,italian ard\r1 9 p]5nial crisis1 :i* /abs its rival & hates its object1 if %e refuses its satisfaction1 z ard5tly z x wor%ips h] s long z !re is hope4 ,! limitations1 also1 :i* *>act]ise ,rossetti's poetry belong to ,italian poetry itself4 ,!re is little bread? 9 x1 b mu* acut5ess4 ,dante is to ,%akespe>e z ! ,peak ( ,t5]iffe to ! tablel& ( ,tibet2 &1 z any read] ( ,rossetti's translations ( ! m9or ,italian poets may see1 ! same proportion prevails betwe5 !m & ! less] s+]s ( ,engl&4 ,x is !re=e q unfair to try an ess5tially ,italian poet1 l ,rossetti1 by comp>+ 8 works ) ! classical poetry ( a nation :i*1 = comb9$ bread? & height1 f> surpasses ! poetry ( all o!r languages pres5t & pa/1 ) ! d\btful exception ( ! ,greek4 ,! ,engli% language itself is n made = ,italian ?\ght & passion4 ,x has ab\t f\r times z _m v[el s\nds z ,italian & a correspond+ consonantal p[]2 t is to say1 x diff]s f ! ,italian ab\t z mu* z an organ diff]s f a flute4 ,rossetti uses little beside ! flute-notes ( our ,engli% organ2 &1 if he _h made himself complete ma/] ( ^? notes1 x w\ld h be5 ! mo/ t c\ld h be5 expect$ ( him4 ,9 appe>ance & mann]s ,rossetti 0 ?or\ghly ,italian4 ,9 8 y\? especially he _h ! sweet & easy c\rtesy peculi> to 8 nation4 ,8 bro!r says1 8,!re 0 a c]ta9 ,briti% bluffness /reak+ ! f9ely pois$ ,italian suppl5ess & facility40 ,?is describes1 bett] ?an p]haps ,mr4 ,william ,rossetti int5d$1 a *>act]i/ic :i* occasionally1 b =tunately n (t51 appe>s 9 8 poetry1 :i* is mo/ pleas+ :5 x is lea/ 8/reak$0 ) ,briti% bluffness3 z x is1 = example1 9 8,j5ny40 ,rossetti's p[] is *iefly %[n 9 8 long ballads1 su* z 8,si/] ,hel510 8,! ,bride's ,prelude10 8,rose ,m>y10 & 8,! ,k+'s ,trag$y40 ,_h ^! be5 f\nd 9 ,p]cy's 8,relics10 !y w\ld h con/itut$ ! *ief ornam5ts ( t collection4 ,z x is1 x is impossible n to feel t !y are m or less ana*ronisms1 bo? 9 _s & 9 =m4 ,! repetition ( a refra9 ?r\gh ! fifty /anzas or s ( 8,si/] ,hel510 ! mo/ =cible ( all ^! lyrical n>ratives1 has no suffici5t ju/ification = its int]ruption ( ! fi]cely fl[+ hi/ory4 ,a refra9 :i* ext5ds to m ?an ?ree or f\r /anzas requires & orig9ally assum$ a musical accompanim5t4 ,! con/ant high-pressure ( passion 9 ^! ballads is also an ana*ronism2 & to ! cultur$ mod]n read] ?is "* is calculat$ to defeat ! poet's purpose1 giv+ him an impression ( cold in/ead ( w>m?1 z if ! fire _h a salam&] in/ead ( a he>t 9 its c5tre4 ,a k9dr$ fault1 :i* ,rossetti has 9 common ) "s ( ! mo/ fam\s poets ( ! c5tury1 is t ( conf]r+ ^u all 8 images an acute & indep5d5t cle>ness :i* is nev] f\nd 9 ! natural & truly poetical expression ( feel+4 ,x is true1 & great poets 7especially ,%akespe>e7 h not$ x1 t 9 extreme crises ( passion !re w sometimes be a mom5t ( calm 9 :i* ! m9uti ( "s mo/ trifl+ object or circum/ance w1 z x 71 photograph !mselves ^u ! m9d4 ,b ?is prt]natural calm is only ! 8eye ( ! /orm02 & to scatt] broadca/1 ov] a long poem1 imag]y ) ! %>pe/ outl9es is to prove1 n only t x has n be5 writt5 f true passion1 b t ! poet has n ev5 obs]v$ ! ph5om5a ( true passion4 ,su* indep5d5t =ce & cle>ness ( imag]y c only be ju/ifi$ 9 poems ( ! v l[e/ type ( arti/ic con/ruction1 su* z ,s*ill]'s 8,song ( ! ,bell0 & 8,*ilde ,h>old10 :i* sc>cely pr(ess to h m unity ?an is to be f\nd 9 a scrap-book4 ,a f9e poem may or may n be full ( 8f9e ?+s02 b1 if x does ab\nd 9 !m1 _! indep5d5t value %\ld only appe> :5 !y are sep>at$ f _! context4 ,9 ,rossetti1 z 9 sev]al o!r mod]n poets ( great reputation1 we are con/antly be+ pull$ up1 9 ! pr(ess$ly fi]y c\rse ( a tale ( passion1 to obs]ve ! moss on a rock or ! note ( a *aff9*4 ,high f9i% has no?+ to d ) ?is quality ( extreme def9it5ess 9 detail2 inde$1 x is m (t5 ex]cis$ by ! p]fect poet 9 blurr+ outl9es ?an 9 giv+ !m acut5ess4 ,x mu/ be admitt$1 h[ev]1 t ,rossetti _h an unusual temptation to ?is k9d ( excess 9 8 extraord9>y faculty = see+ objects 9 su* a fi]ce light ( imag9ation z v few poets h be5 able to ?r[ ^u ext]nal ?+s4 ,he c be =giv5 = spoil+ a t5d] lyric by a /anza su* z ?is1 :i* seems scrat*$ ) an adamant9e p5 ^u a slab ( agate-- ,b ! sea /&s spread ,z "o wall ) ! flat skies1 ,:]e ! lean black craft1 l flies1 ,seem wellnigh /agnat$1 ,soon to drop (f dead4 ,?\gh ! =ego+ /rictures apply to a l>ge portion ( ,rossetti's "w1 !re is a really preci\s residuum :i* !y d n t\*4 ,!re are sev]al pieces--su* z 8,love's ,nocturn10 8,! ,portrait10 8,a ,little ,:ile10 & _m sonnets--:i* are full ( natural feel+ express$ ) simple & subtle art2 & 9 mu* ( 8 "w !re is a ri* & obscure gl[ ( insight into dep?s too pr(\nd & too sacr$ = cle> spee*1 ev5 if !y c\ld be spok53 a sort ( insight n at all uncommon 9 ! great art ( pa/ times1 b exce$+ly r>e 9 ! art ( our own4 ,,xvii ,,mr4 ,,sw9burne',s ,,selections ,x has probably be5 a mis=tune = ,mr4 ,sw9burne's gr[? z a poet t no w9t] ( critical neglect prec$$ ! full recognition ( 8 v rem>kable tal5ts4 ,8 be/ fri5ds mu/ all[ t he is /ill some:at y\ng] 9 judgm5t ?an 9 8 ye>s & exp]i5ce ( au?or%ip4 ,x is n1 h[ev]1 mu* to be wond]$ at t he %\ld h be5 tempt$ to re/ cont5t ) hav+ app>5tly atta9$ at a s+le /ep a height ( reputation to rea* :i* has be5 ) mo/ poets ! "w ( h>d climb+ dur+ _m ye>s4 ,mr4 ,sw9burne is /ill 9 ! prime ( life & 9 full possession ( 8 p[]s1 & "s ( 8 lat] "w %[s t he has t cont9u$ p[] ( gr[? :i* is "o ( ! greate/ privileges ( g5ius4 ,if he w only li/5 to 8 own critical consci5ce1 he may yet d "w bett] & mu* m endur+ ?an any he has yet done4 ,he _c1 inde$1 hope to excel c]ta9 s+le passages ( prose & v]se 9 :i* he has atta9$ a "* ( bread? & poetic ard\r sc>cely to be f\nd 9 any o!r writ] ( ! "t2 b he c 7& !re h ( late be5 signs t he int5ds to7 modify 8 mann] ( ?9k+ & writ+ s t 8 be/--:i* is v good inde$--may n be discr$it$ by s mu* ( ! jejune 9 ?\ght & composition z is to be f\nd 9 a great deal ( 8 "w h]et(ore4 ,hi!rto ,mr4 ,sw9burne has be5 too mu* giv5 to prote/+2 :i* is n ! poet's "w1 ev5 :5 x is done wisely4 ,9 8 future writ+ we %all probably he> m ( ! :isp] ( affirmative wisdom ?an ! :irlw9d ( passionate negation2 he w recognise m & m fully t ! _w is n & nev] w be made up ( ,sw9burnes & ,rossettis1 & t x is va9 to d5\nce popul> beliefs & in/itutions1 :5 he has only1 to set up 9 _! places1 o!rs :i* are1 & = ev] w be1 un9telligible by ! great majority ( mank9d1 & inapplicable to _! dem&s4 ,! p w always insi/ on hav+ k+s & prie/s2 & ,mr4 ,sw9burne has1 no d\bt1 _h 8 eyes too well op5$ by v rec5t hi/ory n to disc]n t x w\ld be ( little use to de?rone ,k+ ,log 9 fav\r ( ,prime ,m9i/] ,/ork1 or to unfrock an ,ar*bi%op ( ,cant]bury 9 ord] to transf] 8 au?ority to a ,g5]al ,boo?4 ,hi!rto x has be5 impossible n to feel t !re has be5 "s disproportion betwe5 ,mr4 ,sw9burne's p[] ( say+ ?+s & ! ?+s he has to say4 ,?is defect ( ! 8body ( ?\ght10 :i* ,col]idge once compla9$ 0 want+ 9 an o!rwise good poem1 has react$ ^u ,mr4 ,sw9burne's language itself1 produc+ sometimes a reit]ation ( words & imag]y surpass+ ev5 t :i* is to be f\nd 9 ! works ( ,%elley1 & :i* 9 !m arose f ! same inadequacy ( matt]4 ,= example1 9 a passage ( ?irte5 l9es 9 ! pres5t volume we h 8fl[]y =efront ( ! ye>10 8foam-fl[]$ /r&10 8blossom-fr+e10 8fl[]-s(t face10 & 8spray-fl[]s02 & 9 ,mr4 ,sw9burne's poems g5]ally x mu/ be confess$ t fl[]s1 />s1 waves1 flames & ?ree or f\r o!r entities ( ! natural ord]1 come 9 s (t5 z to sugge/ "s n>r[ness ( obs]vation & vocabul>y4 ,?is defect1 also1 is less manife/ ?an x us$ to be1 ?\gh probably ! ab&onm5t to ! m]e joy ( words1 :i* is natural & n altoge!r ungraceful 9 a writ] :o c use !m s spl5didly1 w always be a *>act]i/ic ( ,mr4 ,sw9burne's poetry4 ,x rem9ds u ( ! rapture ( ,tri/ram 9 ! truly magnific5t description ( ! ba? he took be=e breakfa/ 9 8,sea & ,sunrise10 & ! read] is (t5 c>ri$ ) l joy ^u ! waves ( words )\t tr\bl+ himself z to :e!r he & ! poet are n bo? out ( _! dep?4 ,mr4 ,sw9burne's mode ( deal+ ) human passions is some:at ( an ana*ronism4 ,8 h]oes & h]o9es1 l ^? ( ! old ,engli% drama & ! ,sc&9avian poems1 (t5 become h]oic by ! sacrifice ( humanity1 &1 !reby1 ( ! read]'s sympa?y4 ,! pictures ( ,m>y ,que5 ( ,scots & ( ,iseult 9 ?is volume1 = in/ance1 ?\gh pa9t$ ) a great bru% are n truly great1 because !y are n greatly true--at all ev5ts1 to any conditions :i* ! mod]n _w recognises or %\ld desire to recognise4 ,nor1 grant+ t ! *>act]s & situations are poetical1 is ! execution q :at x ought to be4 ,! effects are obta9$ by a cumulative r ?an a develop+ process2 &1 at ! end ( a long poem or passage full ( /rong words & images1 ! idea ( /r5g? !nce d]iv$ is r t giv5 by a hill ?an ! liv+ hole ( a huge tree4 ,mr4 ,sw9burne's metrical practice %\ld be criticis$ ) respect2 = he has an unque/ionably f9e e>1 & has ransack$ ! lit]ature ( all times 9 ord] to discov] & appropriate1 or modify to 8 own uses1 a numb] ( movem5ts :i*1 unlike our famili> ,engli% metres1 are :irlw9ds & bla/s ( passion 9 !mselves4 ,su* metres1 h[ev]1 %\ld be sp>+ly us$4 ,!y almo/ satisfy ! e> )\t any accompanim5t ( s\nd mean+1 & evoke1 z x 7 by a trick1 a curr5t ( emotion t is indep5d5t ( any human feel+ 9 ! poet himself4 ,?is is a great temptation1 & ,mr4 ,sw9burne has n always avoid$ ! traps :i* he has ?us set = himself4 ,su* metres h1 moreov]1 ! disadvantage ( fix+ 9 too p]emptory a mann] ! key 9 :i* ! poems writt5 9 !m mu/ be su/a9$4 ,!y all[ none ( ! endless modulations :i* are op5 to ! poet :o writes 9 almo/ any ( our native & less emphatic measures4 ,mr4 ,sw9burne has ! less reason = resort+ s habitually z he does to ?is too easy means ( obta9+ passionate effect1 inasmu* z "s ( 8 v be/ & mo/ effective passages are writt5 9 our common metres4 ,witness ! almo/ incomp>able apo/rophe to ,a!ns1 9 8,ere*!us0 7un=tunately n includ$ 9 ^! selections71 & 8,sea & ,sunrise10 & 8,h]se40 ,!re is "o /ill easi] & f> less excusable s\rce ( effect :i* e fri5d ( ! poet mu/ rejoice to see t he has ( late ab&on$4 ,!re is no?+ 9 ! ,selections :i* a s*oolgirl might n be p]mitt$ to read & und]/&1 if %e c\ld2 & !re are a numb] ( pieces ab\t *ildr5 :i* are s full ( pure & t5d] p]ceptions z to cause a d\bt :e!r1 9 "s ( 8 e>li] writ+s1 ! poet 0 n wantonly fl\t+ ! _w's op9ion r ?an express+ any v real phase ( 8 own feel+4 ,,xviii ,,ar?ur ,,hugh ,,cl\gh ,cl\gh wor%ipp$ ,tru? ) m ?an ! passion ( a lov]1 & 8 writ+s are1 = ! mo/ "p1 ! tragic records ( a life-long devotion to a mi/ress :o /eadily refus$ 8 embraces2 b z x is greatly bett] to h lov$ )\t atta9+ ?an to h atta9$ )\t lov+1 s ,cl\gh's ard5t & unrew>d$ /umbl+s 9 ! d>k t[>ds 8 ador$ ?\gh unse5 div9ity are greatly m attractive & edify+ to ^? :o h %>$1 successfully or n1 ! same passion1 ?an is t complac5t fruition ( h] smiles :i* %e (t5 accords to ^? :o are cont5t$ to be no m ?an h] speak+ acqua9tances4 ,reg>d$ f a purely intellectual po9t ( view1 ,cl\gh's utt]ances on religion1 duty1 etc41 are little bett] ?an ! commonplaces :i* 9 ^! days pass ?r\gh ! m9d & m or less affect ! feel+s ( almo/ e intellig5t & educat$ y\? be=e he is tw5ty ye>s ( age2 b !re are commonplaces :i* cease to be su*1 & become indef9itely int]e/+1 9 proportion z !y are animat$ by moral ard\r & passion4 ,spee* may "w good by w>m+ z well z by enlight5+2 & if ,cl\gh's writ+s tea* no new tru?1 !y may inflame ! love ( tru?1 :i* is p]haps z great a s]vice4 ,?\gh he pr(esses t he c n[h]e see light :]e light is mo/ necess>y & long$ =1 8 m9d is utt]ly oppos$ to ! negative type2 & he exactly exemplifies ! class ( believ] :om ,ri*>d ,hook] endeav\rs to com=t1 9 8 great s]mon on 8! p]petuity ( fai? 9 ! elect10 by ! rem9d] t a long+ to believe is implicit fai?1 & t we _c sorr[ = ! lack ( t :i* we int]iorly hold to be nonexi/5t4 ,a "q t mu/ sugge/ itself to mo/ read]s is1 ,:at is ! use & ju/ification ( ^! endless & tautological lam5tations ov] ! fact--z ,cl\gh conceiv$ x to be--t1 = su* z him at lea/1 8,*ri/ is n ris508 ,! reply is1 t ! responsibility ( ! publication ( s mu* t is pr(\ndly passionate b f> f pr(\ndly intellectual scepticism 0 n 84 ,) ! exception ( "s n v significant critical essays1 8 prose consi/s ( lett]s1 :i* 7 ( c\rse n meant = ! public2 & ! great] "p ( 8 poetry rema9$ to ! day ( ,cl\gh's dea? 9 8 desk1 & w\ld probably nev] h left x1 ) 8 cons5t1 unless to be put 9 ! fire4 ,^? :o recognise 9 ! 8,bo?ie0 ,cl\gh's almo/ solit>y claim to lit]>y em95ce mu/ some:at wond] at ! consid]able figure he /&s = 9 ! e/imation ( ! pres5t g5]ation4 ,! fact is t ,cl\gh1 l ,james ,sp$d+1 0 p]sonally f> m impressive ?an 8 works2 & ! s+ul>ly /rong effect produc$ among 8 fri5ds by ! extreme simplicity & %y k9dl9ess ( 8 life & mann]s1 & ! at once repell5t & allur+ sev]ity ( 8 tru?fulness1 gave 8 "* a consequ5ce beyond t ( 8 writ+s ) all :o knew him ?\gh ev] s slightly2 & ! halo ( ?is sanctity hangs1 ?r\gh ! report ( 8 fri5ds1 ab\t all t he has done1 & r5d]s cold criticism ( x almo/ impossible4 ,no "o :o knew ,cl\gh c s sep>ate 8 p]sonality f 8 writ+s z to be able to criticise !m fairly z lit]ature2 no "o :o has n kn[n him c und]/& _! value z ! outcome ( "*4 ,! impressionable & fem99e elem5t1 :i* is manife/ 9 all g5ius1 b :i* 9 truly effective g5ius is always subord9ate to p[] ( intellect1 _h 9 ,cl\gh's m9d ! prepond]ance4 ,! mascul9e p[] ( intellect consi/s sc>cely s mu* 9 ! ability to see tru?1 z 9 ! t5acity ( _s :i* cleaves to & assimilates ! tru? :5 x is f\nd1 & :i* /eadfa/ly refuses to be bl[n ab\t by e w9d ( doctr9e & feel+4 ,! reit]at$ !me ( ,cl\gh's poetry is t ! only way ( =gett+ c]ta9 problems n[1 & ( secur+ _! solution h]eaft]1 is to d fai?fully our ne>e/ duty4 ,?is is no new tea*+3 x is t ( e religion & all philosophy4 ,b ,cl\gh _h no p[] ( tru/+ pati5tly to ! promise1 8,d my comm&m5ts1 & y %all "k ( ! doctr9e40 ,?is 0 ! ru9 ( :at might o!rwise h be5 a f9e poetic faculty4 ,a 8,problem0 w n s+ ev5 9 ! process ( solution1 mu* less :ile x is only a hopeless & irritat+ 8,pons40 ,cl\gh 0 curi\sly attract$ by ,em]son1 ( :om he spoke z ! only great contempor>y ,am]ican4 ,n[ ,em]son1 at 8 v be/1 nev] approa*$ greatness4 ,he 0 at highe/ only a brilliant metaphysical epigrammati/4 ,b a religion )\t a dogma1 & ) only "o comm&m5t1 8,?\ %alt nei!r ?9k nor d any?+ t is cu/om>y10 _h great attractions = ,cl\gh2 to :om x nev] seems to h occurr$ t ! va/ mass ( mank9d1 = ^: moral & religi\s welf>e he felt s ke5ly1 has n & nev] c h a religion ( spee*less aspirations & incommunicable feel+s1 & t to tea* m5 to despise cu/om is to cut ! imm5se majority ( !m adrift f all moral re/ra9t4 ,! promise t we %all all be prie/s & k+s seems sc>cely to be = ?is _w4 ,at all ev5ts we are z f> f its fulfilm5t n[ z we 7 two ?\s& ye>s ago2 & we %all n be br\ght ne>] to x by any su* outp\r+s ( s>ca/ic discont5t z g to ! mak+ ( su* poems z ! t$i\s ,mephi/ophelian drama call$ 8,dipsy*us10 :i* ,cl\gh _h ! good s5se n to publi%1 ?\gh x is includ$ ) _m o!rs ( equally d\btful value 9 po/hum\s editions ( 8 works4 ,?is class ( 8 poems possesses1 inde$1 a lively int]e/ = a great _m p ( our own "t1 :o are 9 ! pa9ful /ate ( moral & religi\s f]m5t :i* ^! v]ses repres5t2 b x is a m]e accid5t ( ! "t t !re is any consid]able audi5ce = su* utt]ances1 & 9 a g5]ation or two x is probable t mo/ m5 w feel surprise t !re c\ld ev] h be5 a public :o f\nd poetry 9 ?is sort ( matt]4 ,! 8,bo?ie ( ,tob]-na-,vuoli*0 is ! only consid]able poem ( ,cl\gh's 9 :i* he seems1 = a "t1 to h got out ( 8 sl\gh ( introspection & d\bt & to h brea!d ! heal?y air ( nature & common humanity4 ,9 spite ( _m arti/ic %ortcom+s1 ?is poem is s heal?y1 human1 & orig9al1 t x c sc>cely fail to survive :5 a good deal ( f> m fa%ionable v]se %all h disappe>$ f m5's memories4 ,! "o infallible note ( a true poet--! p[] ( express+ himself 9 rhy?mical movem5ts ( subtilty & sweetness :i* baffle analysis--is also di/9ctly manife/ 9 passages ( ! 8,bo?ie10 passages ! music ( :i* 01 we fancy1 l+]+ 9 ! e> ( ,t5nyson :5 he wrote c]ta9 p>ts ( 8,maud40 ,! orig9ality ( ?is idyl is beyond "q4 ,x is n 9 ! lea/ l any o!r poem1 & an occasionally o/5tati\s t\* ( ! mann] ( 8,h]man & ,doro!a0 seems to r5d] ?is orig9ality all ! m conspicu\s 9 ! ma94 ,ano!r note ( poetical p[]1 sc>cely less que/ionable ?an is t ( sweetness & subtilty ( rhy?m1 is ! w>m & pure brea? ( womanhood :i* is exhal$ f ! love-passages ( ?is poem4 ,cl\gh seems to h felt1 9 ! pres5ce ( a simple & amiable woman1 a my/]y ( life :i* act$ = a "t z ! rebuke & spee*less solution ( all d\bts & intellectual di/resses4 ,^! passages 9 ! 8,bo?ie10 &1 9 a less degree1 "s o!rs 9 ! 8,am\rs de ,voyage10 /&1 9 ! di/urb$ c\rse ( ,cl\gh's ord9>y v]se1 l ! deep1 pure1 & sky-reflect+ pools :i* occasionally appe> 9 ! c\rse ( a re/less m\nta9 riv]4 ,,xix ,,em]son ,! life & writ+s ( ,em]son owe _! *ief claim on our att5tion to ! fact t !y repres5t ) s+ul> =ce a l9e ( ?\ght & belief--if belief x c be call$--:i* an imm5se numb] ( ! "y1 intellig5t1 & s9c]e ( ! pa/ & pres5t g5]ation h be5 endeav\r+ to foll[1 ?\gh z yet )\t any rem>kable or satisfactory results4 8,e man is pot5tially a man ( g5ius10 is ! "o dogma ( ,em]son's religion--?\gh x is n[h]e put ?us pla9ly by him2 & its "o comm&m5t is 8,be a man ( g5ius40 ,absolute noncon=mity ) ev]y?+1 we are taught1 is ! fir/ condition ( p]sonal & social well-be+2 & we are enjo9$ to look ^u our individual insight z our "o infallible guide1 ?\gh x may bid u g "o way to-day & ! opposite to-morr[4 ,at ! "t :5 ,em]son 0 debat+ ) himself z to :e!r he %\ld ?r[ up 8 (fice z ,unit>ian prea*] he seems to h _h "s se>*+s ( he>t z to ! validity ( ! new doctr9e4 8,h[10 he writes1 9 8 ,j\rnal1 8%all ! dron+ _w get on if all its beaux esprits recalcitrate ^u its approv$ =ms & accept$ con/itutions & quit !m 9 ord] to be s+le-m9d$8 ,! d\ble-ref9]s w\ld produce at ! o!r end ! d\ble-damn$40 ,?is is p]haps ! wise/ ?+ ev] said by ,em]son2 b he nev]!less *ose 8 "p def9itively ) ! 8d\ble ref9]s40 8,i hate prea*+10 he writes 9 a subsequ5t page ( 8 ,j\rnal4 8,prea*+ is a pl$ge1 & ,i wi% to say :at ,i feel & ?9k to-day1 ) ! proviso t to-morr[ p]haps ,i %all contradict x all40 ,9 ! free use ( 8 proviso he accord+ly1 = ! rema9d] ( 8 life1 foll[$ & taught o!rs to foll[ :at he call$ 8intuition10 ev5 ?\gh x %\ld n wait = 8to-morr[0 to contradict itself4 ,= example1 9 ! la/ page b "o ( ! essay on 8,"*0 we are in/ruct$ to reject ! doctr9e ( ! div9ity ( ,*ri/ because 8! m9d requires a victory to ! s5ses1 a =ce ( "* :i* w conv]t judge1 jury1 soldi]1 & k+ & on ! foll[+ page we are told t1 8:5 t love :i* is all-suff]+1 all-ab/a9+1 all-aspir+ 444 comes into our /reets & h\ses1 only ! pure & aspir+ c "k its face40 ,em]son's life1 j\rnals1 & lett]s consid]ably modify ! impression :i* 8 publi%$ essays & lectures are calculat$ to leave--namely1 t he 0 a m]e /r+]-toge!r ( lively ?\ghts1 images1 & poetical epigrams4 ,he seems to h made ! be/ ( 8 own humanity1 & to h always done ! "r accord+ to 8 judgm5t1 ?\gh ! do+ ( x sometimes involv$ s]i\s pecuni>y inconv5i5ce1 &1 z 9 ! case ( 8 opposition to ! fugitive slave law1 viol5t popul> disapprobation4 ,he 0 k9dly & moral 9 8 family & social relation%ips1 & 0 consci5ti\s ev5 to a fault 9 avoid+ ^? v5ial s9s ( language to :i* ! mo/ ( u are p]haps too indiff]5t4 ,8 ,am]ican admir]s sometimes spoke ( him z an 8angel40 ,at any rate1 he 0 a sort ( sylph4 ,he not$ ( 8 compatriots g5]ally t 8!y h no passions1 only appetites40 ,he seems to h _h nei!r passion nor appetite2 & !re 0 an utt] abs5ce ( 8nons5se0 ab\t him :i* made x almo/ impossible to be intimate ) him4 ,m>g>et ,full]1 8 close/ fri5d1 & ev5 8 wife1 :om he lov$ 9 8 own s]5e way1 seem to h *af$ "u ! impossibility ( gett+ )9 ! adamant9e sph]e ( self-consci\sness :i* surr\nd$ him4 ,he n only c\ld n =get himself1 b he c\ld n =get 8 gramm>2 & :5 he talk$ he seem$ r to be 8compos+0 8 ?\ghts ?an ?9k+ !m4 ,8 fri5d & admir]1 ,mr4 ,h5ry ,james ! eld]1 compla9s t = ?is reason 8 conv]sation 0 )\t *>m4 8,= no?+ ev] came b epigrams1 sometimes clev]1 sometimes n40 ,8 mann]s & disc\rse 71 h[ev]1 inv>iably k9d & amiable4 ,he nev] seems to h utt]$ a p]sonal s>casm1 & only once 9 8 life to h be5 s]i\sly angry4 ,?is 0 on occasion ( ! fam\s fugitive slave law1 :i* he indignantly decl>$ w\ld be disobey$1 if ne$ be1 by himself & e hone/ man4 ,dr4 ,w4 ,h4 ,furness writes ( ,em]son3 8,we 7 babies & s*oolfell[s toge!r4 ,i don't ?9k he ev] engag$ 9 boys' plays4444 ,i c z little rememb] :5 he 0 n lit]>y 9 8 pursuits z :5 ,i fir/ made 8 acqua9tance40 ,inde$1 8orat+0 0 9 ,em]son's blood4 ,ne>ly all 8 kn[n ance/ors & relatives seem to h be5 8m9i/]s0 ( "s d5om9ation or o!r4 ,8 s*ool-days--?\gh he nev] became a s*ol> 9 any dep>tm5t ( le>n+--began be=e he 0 ?ree ye>s old4 ,8 fa!r compla9s ( ! baby ( two ye>s & odd mon?s--8,ralph does n read v well yet02 & dur+ all ! re/ ( 8 y\? ,dr4 ,furness says t he grew up "u 8! pressure ( ,i "k n h[ _m lit]>y atmosph]es40 ,add to ?is ! fact t 8 fa!r & "m & 8 aunt--:o 0 ! *ief guide ( 8 nonage--7 p]sons :o seem$ to ?9k t love c\ld only be manife/$ by sev]e duty1 & r>ely %[$ him any signs ( ! weaknesses ( 8affection10 & we h z bad a br++-up = a moral1 philosophical1 & religi\s tea*] z c\ld well h be5 devis$4 8,! natural fir/1 & aft]w>ds ! spiritual40 ,:]e innoc5t joy & p]sonal affection h n be5 ma9 factors ( e>ly exp]i5ce ! :ole life wants ! key to ,*ri/ianity2 & a rejection ( all fai?--except t 9 8g5ius10 8ov]-s\l10 8a some:at :i* makes = righte\sness10 or "s o!r su* impot5t ab/raction--is1 9 our day1 almo/ inevitable 9 a m9d ( con/itutional s9c]ity l ,em]son's1 especially :5 su* s9c]ity is unaccompani$1 z x 0 9 him1 by a w>m & passionate nature & its intellectual correlative1 a vigor\s consci5ce4 ,em]son1 ?\gh a good man--t is1 "o :o liv$ up to 8 lights--_h little or no consci5ce4 ,he admir$ good1 b did n love x2 he d5\nc$ evil1 b did n hate x1 & did n ev5 ma9ta9 t x 0 hateful1 b only greatly inexp$i5t4 ,?\gh ,em]son c\ld n see t a religion ( :i* !re is no?+ left b an 8ov]-s\l0 is mu* ! same ?+ z a man ( :om !re is no?+ left b 8 hat1 ! religi\s bodies to :i* he 0 = _m ye>s m or less atta*$ 7 less devoid ( hum\r1 & ! joke ( a fai? )\t a dogma became1 9 "t1 too mu* = _! s]i\sness4 ,consequ5tly !y agre$ amicably to "p1 & ,em]son pursu$ 8 c\rse2 t :i* _h hi!rto be5 call$ 8prea*+0 becom+ !nce=w>d lectur+ & 8orat+40 ,!re c be no great] mis=tune = a s9c]e & tru?ful m9d l ,em]son's ?an to h to get a liv+ by 8orat+40 ,?is 0 8 pr$icam5t1 h[ev]2 & !re c be no d\bt t 8 m9d & 8 writ+s 7 ! worse = ?is necessity4 ,8 philosophy af=d$ him only a v n>r[ range ( subject4 ,9 all 8 essays & lectures he is b r++ ! *anges ^u ?ree or f\r ideas--:i* are really commonplace1 ?\gh 8 sprightly wit & imag9ation give !m fre%ness2 & x is impossible to read any s+le essay1 mu* less sev]al 9 succession1 )\t feel+ t ! lic5ce ( tautology is us$ to its extreme/ limits4 ,9 a few essays--= example1 8,! ,poet10 8,"*10 & 8,love0--! writ]'s he>t is s mu* 9 ! matt] t ^! endless v>iations ( "o idea h ! effect ( music :i* delights u to ! end ) ! reit]ation ( an exce$+ly simple !me2 b 9 _m o!r pieces x is impossible n to detect t we>9ess ( ! task ( hav+ to co9 doll>s out ( transc5d5tal s5tim5ts to :i* ,em]son's lett]s & j\rnals (t5 be> witness4 ,b1 :e!r delight$ ) or we>y ( 8 lab\r1 !re is no progress 9 8 ?\ght1 :i* resembles ! sp9n+ ( a cock*af] on a p9 r ?an ! flight ( a bird on its way f "o cont95t to ano!r4 ,em]son's 0 a sweet & uni=mly sunny _s2 b ! sun%9e 0 t ( ! long ,pol> day1 :i* enlight5s b does n fructify4 ,x nev] ev5 melt$ ! icy b>ri] :i* sep>at$ 8 s\l f o!rs2 & m5 & wom5 7 no?+ to him1 because he nev] got ne> en\gh to und]/& !m4 ,h5ce 8 j\rnals & lett]s ab\t 8 visits to ,europe1 & especially to ,engl&1 are curi\sly sup]ficial 9 obs]vation4 ,he made _m acute & witty rem>ks1 su* z1 8,e ,engli%man is a ,h\se ( ,commons1 & expects t y w n end y\r spee* )\t propos+ a measure20 b1 on ! :ole1 he q misund]/ood ! bett] class ( our c\ntrym51 ( :om1 9 8 second visit to ,engl&1 he _h ! opportunity ( see+ a good deal4 ,al?\gh !re 0 mu* con/itutional res]ve1 !re 0 no real retic5ce 9 him4 ,8 e!real1 unimpassion$ ideas _h1 inde$1 no?+ 9 !m t1 = him1 comm&$ retic5ce2 & he conclud$ t ! be/ sort ( ,engli%m5 7 )\t any motives t 8transc5d0 s5se1 because he did n feel1 z all su* ,engli%m5 d1 t ?\gh t :i* transc5ds s5se may be inf9itely de>] ?an all else1 & ev5 because x is s de>1 x is bett] n to talk ( ?+s :i* c sc>cely be spok5 ( )\t inadequacy & ev5 an approa* to nons5se4 ,_m an ,engli%man w\ld turn aside ) a je/ f any attempt to lead him into 8transc5d5tal0 talk1 n because he 0 less1 b because he 0 m 8s]i\s0 ?an 8 int]locutor2 & also because ! v recognition ( c]ta9 k9ds ( k involves ! recognition ( obligations1 to confess directly or indirectly ! fulfilm5t or neglect ( :i* implies ei!r self-praise or self-blame1 :i*1 9 ord9>y circum/ances1 are alike indec5t4 ,9 fact1 ,em]son 0 totally defici5t 9 ! religi\s s5se1 :i* is v /rong 9 ! he>ts ( a va/ numb] ( ,engli%m5 :o own to no fix$ cre$1 b :o w\ld be revolt$ by ! pr(\nd & unconsci\s irrev]5ce ) :i* ,em]son 0 9 ! habit ( speak+ & writ+ ( ! mo/ sacr$ ?+s & names4 ,! "n ( 8,jesus0 frequ5tly occurs 9 su* s5t5ces z ?is3 8,nor ,jesus1 nor ,p]icles1 nor ,cs>1 nor ,angelo1 nor ,wa%+ton10 etc4 ,if we put aside ,em]son's unconsci\s malpractices 9 ?is sort1 ! attitude ( 8 m9d ) reg>d to ! s]i\s beliefs ( ! _w 7 too *ildi% = res5tm5t or exposure4 ,x is z if "o %\ld be angry ) a "y lady :o %\ld simp]1 8,oh1 my religion is ! religion ( ! ,s]mon on ! ,m\nt60 9 answ] to an attempt to talk ) h] ab\t ,bossuet or ,hook]4 ,,xx ,,crabbe ,,& ,,%elley ,! firmam5t ( fame is full ( v>iable />s1 & !y are n[h]e ?ick] ?an 9 t great con/ellation ( poets :i* m>ks ! end ( ! la/ & ! comm5cem5t ( ?is c5tury4 ,among ! names ( ,byron1 ,moore1 ,rog]s1 ,s\!y1 ,wordswor?1 ,col]idge1 ,keats1 ,%elley1 ,burns1 ,campbell1 ,crabbe1 ,c[p]1 & ,scott1 !re are only two ! lu/re ( ^: names has rema9$ p]fectly /eady & seems likely to rema9 s4 ,two or ?ree1 :i* blaz$ =? at once z lum9>ies ( ! fir/ magnitude1 h gradually & p]si/5tly wan$--:e!r or n ev] to recov] any "p ( _! lo/ spl5d\r is v d\btful4 ,! light ( "o or two o!rs has fluctuat$ viol5tly1 & cont9ues to d s1 ) a manife/ dim9ution1 h[ev]1 9 _! total sum ( light2 "o or two o!rs h suff]$ a di/9ct degradation f fir/ into second or ?ird class lu/res1 & at pres5t %[ no sign ( fur!r alt]ation4 ,two at lea/ h gr[n a/oni%+ly 9 conspicu\sness1 & n[ gl[ l ! ,dog-/> & ,aldeb>an--?\gh !re are n want+ sky-critics :o decl>e t !y disc]n conditions ( com+ *ange & retrogression2 & "o at lea/ has almo/ disappe>$ f ! heav5 ( public recognition1 n1 h[ev]1 )\t progno/ications f "s ( an assur$ reass]tion ( a mod]ate if n pr$om9at+ position4 ,to quit figures ( spee*1 ,col]idge & ,burns--?\gh poets ( v diff]5t calibre--are ! only two ( ! ?irte5 above m5tion$ ^: reputations h be5 altoge!r unaffect$ by ! viol5t *anges ( lit]>y fa%ion :i* h tak5 place 9 ! c\rse ( ! c5tury4 ,ea* ( ^! two poets has writt5 a good deal :i* ! _w w will+ly let die2 b ,col]idge 9 8 great way1 & ,burns 9 8 comp>atively small way1 h done a c]ta9 mod]ate am\nt ( "w s ?or\ghly & manife/ly well t no sane critic has ev] call$ x into "q or ev] w4 ,by ! lead]s ( poetic fa%ion ,moore & ,rog]s h come to be acc\nt$ z almo/ n[h]e z poets4 ,s\!y & ,c[p] n[ dep5d ma9ly = _! fame ^u a few small pieces1 :i* 9 _! own day 7 n reg>d$ z ( mu* acc\nt 9 comp>ison ) su* works z ,! ,task & ,! ,curse ( ,kehama2 ,campbell n[ lives only1 b vigor\sly1 9 a few lyrics4 ,:o b ,mr4 ,rusk9 is !re t w\ld n laugh n[ to he> ! "n ( ,scott c\pl$ ) ^? ( ,keats & ,%elley8 ,byron1 :o once outblaz$ all o!rs1 is n[ consid]$1 by _m judges n altoge!r to be disreg>d$1 less z a great fix$ /> ?an z a meteor =m$ f e>?ly fumes cond5s$ & = a "t inc&esc5t 9 ! upp] air4 ,wordswor?'s fame1 ?\gh all agree t x is assur$1 has suff]$ & is likely /ill to suff] "s fluctuations2 &1 :5 poetry is talk$ ab\t 9 circles ( mod]n exp]ts1 no "o ev] he>s ( ,crabbe1 ?\gh "h & !re "o comes ^u "s lit]>y oddity :o ma9ta9s t he has z good a claim z ,%elley to a place 9 ! heav5s ( abid+ fame4 ,z ?is1 to mo/ mod]n e>s a/\nd+1 p>adox is c]ta9ly ma9ta9$1 9 private at lea/1 by sev]al p]sons ^: op9ion ! mo/ advanc$ critic w\ld n ?9k ( despis+1 x may be wor? :ile to see :at c be said = x4 ,?+s1 x is said1 are be/ kn[n by comp>ison ) _! opposites2 &1 if s1 surely ,crabbe mu/ be be/ illu/rat$ by ,%elley & ,%elley by ,crabbe4 ,%elley 0 an a!i/ & pr(\ndly immoral2 b 8 irreligion 0 radiant ) pi\s imag9ation1 & 8 immorality delicately & /rictly consci5ti\s4 ,crabbe 0 a mo/ s9c]e ,*ri/ian 9 fai? & life2 b 8 religion & morality 7 intol]ant1 n>r[1 & scrupul\s1 & sadly want+ 9 all ! mod]n graces4 ,%elley _h no natural feel+ or affection & ! greate/ s5sitiv5ess2 ,crabbe _h ! t5d]e/ & /ronge/ affections1 b 8 n]ves & /hetic con/itution 7 ( ! co>se/4 ,%elley's ta/e (t5 /ood him 9 ! /ead ( morality4 ,he w\ld h />v$ r ?an write begg+ lett]s to ,?url[1 ,burke1 & o!r magnates1 z ,crabbe did :5 he want$ to bett] 8 condition z an apo!c>y's appr5tice4 ,crabbe's integrity produc$ "s ( ! be/ effects ( ta/e1 & made him at once an equal 9 mann]s ) ! dukes & /atesm5 ) :om he associat$ z soon z he _h be5 tak5 f 8 begg>y by ,burke4 ,?r\gh ye>s & ye>s ( pov]ty & almo/ hopeless trial ,crabbe 0 a devot$ & fai?ful lov]1 & aft]w>ds z devot$ & fai?ful a husb& to 8 8,myra10 :om he ador$ 9 v]ses t ju/ifi$ "s "o's description ( 8 /yle z 8,pope 9 wor/$ /ock+s40 ,%elley brea!s et]nal v[s 9 music ( ! sph]es1 to woman aft] woman1 :om he w ab&on & speak or write ( ) hatr$ & contempt z soon z _! p]sons h ceas$ to please him4 ,crabbe knew no?+ ( ! 8ideal10 b lov$ all actualities1 especially unpleasant ones1 ^u :i* he w\ld turn ! electric light ( 8 peculi> p[]s ( p]ception till ! sludge & dead dogs ( a tidal riv] %one4 ,jeffrey describ$ ! true position ( ,crabbe among poets bett] ?an any "o else has done :5 he wrote1 8,he has repres5t$ 8 villag]s & humble burgh]s z altoge!r z dissipat$ & m di%one/ & discont5t$ ?an ! pr(ligates ( high] life4444 ,he may be consid]$ z ! satiri/ ( l[ life--an occupation suffici5tly ardu\s1 & 9 a great degree new & orig9al 9 our language40 ,9 ?is 8 prop] vocation ,crabbe is s f> f be+ a 8,pope 9 wor/$ /ock+s10 t 8 l9es (t5 resemble ! /rokes ( ,dryd5's sl$ge-hamm] r ?an ! /+s ( 8 successor's cane4 ,b1 :5 un9spir$ by ! int5sely disagreeable or vici\s1 ,crabbe's 8diction0 is to mod]n e>s1 = ! mo/ "p1 intol]able4 ,9 8 cool] mom5ts he p\r$ =? ?\s&s ( su* c\plets z ,x seems to u t our ,re=m]s knew ,?' important "w !y und]took to d4 ,& to su* vile newspap] prose he n only add$ ! gha/ly adornm5t ( v]se1 b also frequ5tly enliv5$ x ) ! 8poetic lic5ces0 & ,p>nassian 8l+o0 ( ! ,pope p]iod4 ,:at a contra/ ) ,%elley6 ,he err$ q z mu* z ,crabbe did f ! imag9ative reality :i* is ! true ideal2 b x 0 all 9 ! opposite way4 ,if ,crabbe's eye1 9 its love = ! actual & concrete1 dwelt too habitually ^u ! h>dness & ugl9ess ( ! e>? on :i* he trod1 ,%elley's ?\ghts & p]ceptions 7 = ! mo/ "p ,p9nacl$ dim 9 ! int5se inane ( a fancy :i* _h no f\ndation 9 e>? or heav54 ,8 poetry has1 h[ev]1 ! immortal reality ( music2 & 8 songs are songs1 ?\gh !y may be (t5 call$ 8songs )\t words10 ! words mean+ s little ?\gh !y s\nd s sweet4 ,?is 8p>allel0--z l9es />t+ & cont9u$ 9 opposite directions h got to be call$--might be c>ri$ mu* fur!r ) advantage to ! /ud5t ( poetry2 & ! comp>ison might be /ill m pr(itable if ! be/ poems ( ,col]idge 7 exam9$ z illu/rations ( ! true poetic reality f :i* ,crabbe & ,%elley div]ge equally1 b 9 contr>y ways4 ,crabbe mi/akes actuality = reality2 ,%elley's imag9ation is unreal4 ,col]idge1 :5 he is himself1 :e!r he is 9 ! region ( actuality1 z 9 8,g5evieve10 or 9 t ( imag9ation1 z 9 8,*ri/abel10 is always bo? real & ideal 9 ! only true poetic s5se1 9 :i* reality & ideality are truly "o4 ,9 ea* ( ^! poems1 z 9 e "w ( true art1 !re is a liv+ idea :i* expresses itself 9 e "p1 :ile ! complete "w rema9s its briefe/ possible expression1 s t x is z absurd to ask ,:at is its idea8 z x w\ld be to ask :at is ! idea ( a man or ( an oak4 ,?is idea _c be a simple negation2 & simple evil--:i* is s (t5 ,crabbe's !me--is simple negation4 ,on ! o!r h&1 good1 9 ord] to be ! gr\nd ( ! ideal 9 art1 mu/ be intelligible--t is to say1 imag9atively cr$ible1 ?\gh x may want ! conditions ( pres5t actuality4 ,b is !re any su* ideal z ?is 9 ,%elley8 ,,xxi ,,%all ,,smi? ,,h ,a ,,/atue8 ,! mod]n practice ( s5d+ ! hat r\nd = money to set up 9 ! ,abbey or else:]e a /atue1 or at lea/ a bu/1 ( ,smi?1 dur+ or imm$iately aft] 8 lifetime1 9 grateful remembrance ( ! s]vice or pleasure he may h done u1 c r>ely be indulg$ )\t dang] ( mak+ him & ourselves ridicul\s 9 ! eyes ( our *ildr52 or ev5 9 our own1 %\ld we survive = a few ye>s ! amiable folly ( hav+ rais$ an abid+ memorial ( our possibly transi5t en?usiasm4 ,!re c\ld h be5 no d\bt ( ! propriety ( sett+ up a /atue to ! ,duke ( ,well+ton aft] ,wat]loo1 h[ev] mu* !re may reasonably h be5 ab\t ! propriety ( ! /atue itself :i* ! ladies ( ,engl& d$icat$ to ! h]o4 ,b ev5 9 ! case ( su* obvi\s & measurable m]its z ^? ( w>riors1 x is be/ n to be 9 a hurry4 ,hi/orical criticism has discov]$ t ! cr$it ( great battles & ev5 campaigns has n always be5 rightly due to ! comm&]s-9-*ief4 ,aga91 improvem5ts l ^? ( ! /eam jet1 by :i* x became at once possible to raise ! rate ( railway travell+ f "u t5 to ov] fifty miles an h\r1 ! p5ny po/1 & ! electric telegraph1 are c]ta9ly matt]s = p]man5t memorials1 provid$ t !y are rais$ to ! "r m54 ,b improvem5ts & inv5tions ( ?is magnitude sc>cely ev] are1 9 ! fir/ in/ance1 attribut$ to ! "r m51 :o are g5]ally m or less obscure & unrew>d$ g5iuses4 ,x is ! practical man1 :o has ! quickness to see ! money value ( a great inv5tion & ! means ( remov+ ! la/ ext]nal h9drance to its popul> use1 t gets ! /atue1 & ! money too4 ,few w\ld envy him ! latt]2 b x is cruel to him no less ?an to ourselves to be 9 su* ha/e to decorate him ) a laurel cr[n1 :i* ! t\* ( "t may *ange into a fool's cap4 ,aga91 unless /atues are due to good int5tions ard5tly prosecut$ )\t ref]5ce to results1 we ought to be v c>eful h[ we impose immortality ^u great philan?ropi/s & humanit>ians4 ,x w\ld n h be5 = ! abid+ happ9ess & hon\r ( ! two em95t prelates & ! able editor :o lately con/itut$ !mselves high commission]s ( public morality1 to h _h _! images set up 9 ,hyde ,p>k back to back1 l ! figure ( ,hecate ,tri=mis1 & s to h be5 =bidd5 et]nally to blu% unse51 z no d\bt !y n[ desire to d4 ,x w\ld be prud5t1 also1 to wait a :ile be=e conf]r+ diplomas ( immortality ^u ! h]oes ( legislation4 ,! fame ( repeal]s ( navigation laws & f\nd]s ( h\sehold fran*ise %\ld be consid]$ z 9 a /ate ( pupilage = at lea/ fifty ye>s2 & !y %\ld n be all[$ to sport bronze ?ighs & ! toga virilis1 be=e ! public build+s or 9 ! squ>es ( ! metropolis1 ere ! pap] on :i* _! ,bills are pr9t$ is well dry4 ,x %\ld be rememb]$ t1 9 our ha/e1 we may be plac+ an awful & easy v5geance 9 ! h&s ( po/]ity2 :i* might *oose1 n to pull d[n su* monum5ts1 b--to let !m /&4 ,b ( all modes ( premature insi/5ce ^u ! v]dict ( fame1 t :i* is mo/ to be avoid$1 if we w\ld avoid mak+ ourselves unnecess>ily absurd1 is t ( decree+ immortality dur+ or soon aft] _! lifetime to lit]>y m5 & arti/s4 ,if1 inde$1 !re exi/$ academies ( art & lit]ature1 :i* %\ld consi/ ( all ! be/ m5 ( _! k9d1 all actuat$ by ! mo/ dis9t]e/$ appreciation ( m]it n _! own 9 _! own pr(ession1 !n we might h "s approximation--b only an approximation--to a safe tribunal2 & if ,smi? & 8 fri5ds 7 su* boobies z to want ! cake ( fame be=e x 0 bak$1 ,smi? might be 8bu/$ up0 9 ! ,abbey1 or obta9 a p>liam5t>y gu>antee ( be+ puff-wor?y1 9 8 own day or imm$iately aft]1 ) little m to be said aga9/ x ?an t x 0 a want ( decorum1 all ! m disgu/+ on acc\nt ( ! dignity ( ! occasion & ! abs5ce ( any call = hurry4 ,b1 z no su* academy c\ld exi/1 or1 if x exi/$1 c\ld make its decrees prevail ) ^? :o are ! decre]s ( /atues1 h[ does ! matt] /&8 ,a man :o has done 8 be/1 p]haps1 to give u h>mless amusem5t1 & ^: only crime is t ( hav+ succe$$ too well 9 adapt+ himself to ! poor capacities & pass+ moods ( 8 pres5t audi5ce1 is n[ 9 su* dang] z he nev] 0 at any =m] "t ( f9d+ himself rew>d$ ) t5 ?\s& p] annum "h & an et]nity ( contempt h]eaft]4 ,if p]sons ( culture & natural ta/e h (t5 to confess t ! pa9t] or poet or noveli/ ^: muse 0 ! seem+ly faultless mi/ress ( 8 affections five-&-tw5ty ye>s ago1 n[ /&s be=e him z a false ,duessa1 :at %\ld we ?9k ( ! "r to raise monum5ts claim$ by t public :i* is z *angeable 9 its ta/es z x is lib]al 9 pay+ = _! indulg5ce8 ,yet x is ?is public t is v5tur+ m & m audaci\sly to anticipate ! v]dict ( "t4 ,true1 x (t5 uses a ,m9i/] or a committee ( exp]ts z its ag5t1 c\ncillor1 & repres5tative2 b x is none ! saf] = t4 ,if ! ag5ts !mselves "k bett]1 !y "k ! value ( _! own popul>ity too well to say s2 or !y may h a secret grudge aga9/ ,smi?1 & s cry 8,ay0 ) all _! he>ts :5 ! p ask1 8,%all ,smi? h a /atue80 ,,xxii ,,ideal ,,& ,,mat]ial ,,greatness ,,9 ,,ar*itecture ,/4 ,?omas ,aqu9as writes1 8,great ri*es are n requir$ = ! habit ( magnific5ce2 x is en\gh t a man %\ld dispose ( su* z he possesses greatly1 accord+ to "t & place40 ,z 9 life1 s 9 art1 & especially 9 ar*itecture1 greatness ( /yle is q indep5d5t ( weal? ( mat]ial2 inde$1 weal? ( mat]ial is con/antly f\nd by true arti/s to be a fatal h9drance to gr&eur ( effect4 ,h5ce great poets & pa9t]s are usually v %y ( :at commonly pass = great subjects--t is1 subjects full ( obvi\s int]e/ & spl5d\r2 &1 if !y treat su* subjects at all1 !y beg9 by d5ud+ !m z f> z possible ( all t makes !m attractive to ! novice 9 art1 until !y come to a simple greatness :i* 0 hi!rto a secret4 ,n[ ,i wi% to po9t out :at ,i conceive to be a pr9cipal condition ( great effect ) small means & 9 small or comp>atively small build+s4 ,x is magnific5ce 9 ! exp5diture ( su* mat]ial z ! ar*itect possesses1 & especially ( /one1 brick1 & timb]4 ,x is commonly suppos$1 ev5 by ar*itects1 t a solidity ( wall & ro( suffici5t to put f> out ( sight any idea ( insecurity or decay1 if prop]ly %[n =? & express$ by *amf]1 m\ld+1 cornice1 %aft$ recess1 & ! _m o!r 8decorations0 :i* are pr9cipally me?ods ( %[+ ! ?ickness ( wall & weight ( ro(1 is all t noble build+ calls =2 & t ! frequ5t--nay1 g5]al--practice ( anci5t ar*itecture 9 go+ mu* fur!r ?an ?is 0 simply wa/e ( mat]ial caus$ by want ( me*anical k4 ,b ^? :o "k mo/ ( anci5t ar*itecture "k be/ t !re 0 no want ( me*anical k display$ 9 x1 b q ! rev]se4 ,n only is me*anical k1 equal if n beyond our own1 prov$ by su* build+s z ,york & ,salisbury ,ca!drals1 b ! h\se & cottage build] ( ! sixte5? & sev5te5? c5turies seems to h kn[n all ! details ( 8 bus9ess fully z well z ! mo/ +5i\s economi/ ( mat]ial t ev] 8scamp$0 a mod]n t5em5t ( ! same ord]4 ,he 0 fully aw>e t ! /r5g? ( a raft] lay r 9 its dep? ?an its bread?1 & t1 = a "t at lea/1 a few bo>ds two in*es ?ick & t5 in*es deep1 set edgeways1 w\ld suffice to c>ry ! ro(1 :i* nev]!less x pleas$ him bett] to lay ^u a succession ( beams t5 in*es squ>e4 ,x is ! reality1 & ! mode/ o/5tation ( ! reality1 ( su* sup]flu\s sub/antiality t con/itutes ! :ole secret ( effect 9 _m an old h\se t /rikes u z 8ar*itectural0 ?\gh x may n conta9 a s+le item ( ar*itectural ornam5t2 &1 9 ! v few in/ances 9 :i* mod]n build+s h be5 rais$ 9 ! same fa%ion1 ! behold] at once feels t _! g5]\s reg>d = ! f> future is ( almo/ z poetical a "* z ! ag$ retrospect ( a simil> h\se ( ! "t ( ,h5ry ,,vii or ,elizabe?4 ,a man n[ hires a bit ( gr\nd = eighty or n9ety ye>s2 &1 if he has some?+ to sp>e to sp5d on beauty1 he says to himself3 8,i w build me a h\se t w la/ my "t1 & :at money ,i h ov] ,i w sp5d 9 decorat+ x4 ,:y %\ld ,i wa/e my means 9 rais+ wall & ro( :i* w la/ five times z long z ,i or m9e %all want !m80 ,! answ] is3 ,because t v 8wa/e0 is ! true/ & mo/ /rik+ ornam5t2 & ?\gh y & y\r family's usufruct ( a h\se ?us magnanim\sly built may be b a fif? ( its natural age1 !re lies 9 t v fact an 8ornam5t0 ( ! mo/ noble & t\*+ k9d1 :i* w be obvi\s at all seasons to y\rself & e behold]1 ?\gh ! consci\sness ( its cause may be dormant2 :]eas ! meanness ( y\r own plan w be only ! m app>5t ) e p5ny y sp5d 9 mak+ x m]etrici\s4 ,i h said t a mode/ o/5tation ( extreme sub/antiality is also an elem5t ( ar*itectural effect 9 ! k9d ( build+ contemplat$4 ,?is1 inde$1 is ! prop]ly ar*itectural or arti/ic elem5t4 ,a h\se w look respectable1 & some?+ m ?an respectable1 :i* has only ! reality ( be+ built some:at bett] ?an well4 ,b consci\sness is ! life ( art1 & !re mu/ be a quiet rejoic+ 9 /r5g?1 solidity1 & p]man5ce1 to give ^! *>act]s t p[] ov] ! imag9ation :i* a "w ( art mu/ h4 ,a lab\r]'s cottage or ! smalle/ village *ur* :i* has ?is "* is an arti/ic & rightly ar*itectural "w2 & ! nobleman's mansion or ! ca!dral :i* wants x is n4 ,"h comes 9 t true 8decoration0 :i* sc>cely ! humble/ h\se ( ! sixte5? or e>ly "p ( ! sev5te5? c5tury 0 altoge!r )\t4 ,9 out-(-!-way villages & roadside inns ( t p]iod1 y w f9d y\r att5tion direct$ to ! ?ickness & weight ( ! ro(-timb]s by a c>v$ or m\ld$ cornice1 :i* measures & expatiates ^u ! dep? & sub/ance ( ! raft]s :i* t]m9ate !re92 or "o or m ( ! brackets support+ ! joi/s ( ! ov]hang+ b$room floor w h a t\* ( c>v+1 to decl>e ) :at ease & pleasure ! bur!n is borne ^u _! /urdy %\ld]s2 or ! l9tel ( ! door w %[ & boa/ ( ! ?ickness ( ! wall by a m\ld$ *amf]4 ,a s+le t\* ( su* decoration glorifies ! :ole1 & puts ! liv+ _s ( art into ! body ( an hone/ build+1 h[ev] humble x may be4 ,s f> is size f be+ ne$ful to greatness 9 ar*itecture1 t "o ( ! v gr&e/ pieces ( dome/ic build+ ,i ev] saw is a little village inn ( extremely e>ly date 9 a ,sussex village :i* sc>cely anybody has ev] he>d (1 ?\gh x /&s b two miles f ,b]wick ,/ation on ! ,s\? ,coa/ ,railway4 ,?is village is ,aldfri/on4 ,x has 9 its little m>ket-place an extremely anci5t /one cross1 f> gone 9 decay1 hav+ nev] be5 t\*$ by re/or]4 ,! :ole village has an air ( antiquity su* z brea!s f no o!r ,engli% village ,i h ev] se52 b old] ?an any?+1 except ! cross1 is its ho/elry--no bigg] ?an a well-to-d bailiff's cottage1 %[+ no ,elizabe?an 8v>iety0 9 its gr\nd-plan1 & ! front to ! /reet hav+ b ?ree w9d[s above & "o on ei!r side ( ! doorway4 ,com+ ^u x q unprep>$ = see+ any?+ p>ticul> 9 ! village1 ?is h\se fairly took my brea? away by its exemplification ( ! way 9 :i* ideal & mat]ial greatness diff]4 ,x 0 l com+1 9 a newspap] article1 ^u ?ree or f\r l9es ( great & unkn[n poetry4 ,yet x 0 no?+ b a cottage built mightily1 & ) a mighty consci\sness ( be+ s built4 ,x seems nev] to h be5 t\*$1 except "h & !re by ! h\se-pa9t]1 s9ce ! date at :i* x 0 rais$1 :i* 0 probably 9 ! fifte5? c5tury1 ! c>v$ foliage 9 ! sp&rels ( ! small ar*$ doorway indicat+ t p]iod4 ,an ar*itect le>n$ 9 m\ld+s might p]haps fix ! date to )9 tw5ty-five ye>s1 f ^? ( ! cornice4 ,! b$room /ory projects consid]ably ov] ! gr\nd-floor1 & is borne by great oak brackets1 ! faces ( :i* are adorn$ ) pa9t$ c>v+s ( figures 9 mitres1 "o be+ ,/4 ,hub]t1 z is %[n by ! /ag at 8 feet4 ,! spaces betwe5 ^! brackets are ceil$ ) a great pla/] 8cavetto10 :i*1 toge!r ) ! brackets1 spr+s f a wide timb] cornice above ! door & w9d[s ( ! gr\nd-floor4 ,9 ! holl[ ( ?is cornice are f\r or five grotesque faces1 ! pa9t+ ( :i*1 ?\gh fre%1 seems1 l ! pa9t+ ( all ! o!r decorations1 to be no?+ b ! orig9al col\r+ fai?fully transmitt$4 ,! ?ree w9d[s ( ! upp] floor are bays1 & are c>ri$ by great spread brackets1 c>v$ & pa9t$ ) mo/ curi\sly qua9t & simple repres5tations ( ,/4 ,george & ! ,dragon & symbols ( 8 tradition1 ! tails ( two dragons 9 ! c5tral bracket runn+ 9 _! extremities into ! outl9es ( a po9t$ & foliat$ ar*4 ,! ro( is cov]$ 9 ) slabs ( ragg$ /one1 ?ick en\gh = a ,london pavem5t4 ,! dim5sions ( ! timb]s ( ! ro( are prov$ inf]5tially by ! fact t ! ro(-tree has n sagg$ an in* "u "s f\r hundr$ ye>s ( ?is bur!n2 & _! mass & p[] are express$ arti/ically by _! t]m9ation 9 a cornice ( imm5se dep?1 & consi/+ ( a great] numb] ( m\ld$ 8memb]s0 ?an ,i rememb] to h se5 9 any o!r feature ( ! k9d4 ,! walls are pla/]$ 9 _! pla9 spaces1 b indicate _! con/ruction ( solid oak--:i*1 by ! way1 is f> m durable ?an ei!r brick or any ord9>y /one--by ! *ance appe>ance 9 "o place ( a /range animal :i* runs up ! face ( ! wall & is obvi\sly c>v$ out ( a beam o!rwise hid by ! pla/]4 ,!re is no?+ heavy 9 ! total effect ( ?is extraord9>y piece ( cottage ar*itecture2 = !re is arti/ic animation ev]y:]e1 & ! expression ( its /r5g? is t ( liv+ p[] & n m]e passive suffici5cy4 ,to build su* a cottage n[ might co/ ab\t ?ree times z mu* z x does to build a common c\ntry inn ( ! same dim5sions4 ,x w\ld n1 ( c\rse1 suit a ,london citiz5 s well z a ,*iselhur/ villa ( l size & co/2 b x w\ld be a fit abode = a duke 9 difficulties4 ,,xxiii 8,,old ,,engli%0 ,,ar*itecture1 ,,anci5t ,,& ,,mod]n ,! /yle ( ar*itecture 9 :i* ! great majority ( c\ntry h\ses1 & v _m t[n h\ses1 f ! cottage to ! mansion1 h be5 built dur+ ! pa/ fifte5 ye>s1 is a v great improvem5t ^u ! nameless mode--= :i* no bett] title c\ld be inv5t$ ?an ! 8factory /yle0--:i* prevail$ 9 h\se ar*itecture dur+ great "p ( la/ c5tury & ! fir/ half ( ?is4 ,& x is a yet great] improvem5t ^u ! falsification ( t simple ?\gh sordid way ( build+1 by attempt+ to *ange its mis]y into magnific5ce by 8compo0 mock]ies ( /one con/ruction & a /yle ( ornam5t creat$ to express ! ?ickness ( ! wall or ! weight ( ro( ( a ,r5aissance palace4 ,mo/ p]sons are cont5t$ ) describ+ ! improv$ mode z ,old ,engli%1 fancy+ t x is a real return to ! way 9 :i* h\ses 7 built 9 ! reign ( ,elizabe? or ,james or !reab\ts4 ,b !re is a notable di/9ction betwe5 anci5t & mod]n 8,old ,engli%40 ,x is ?is3 ! 8v>iety0 9 =m :i* is ( ! ess5ce ( ! la/ 0 b ! accid5t ( ! fir/4 ,:itehall & ! ,p>!non are n m simply symmetrical 9 _! masses ?an are _m ( ! f9e/ specim5s ( ,e>ly ,engli% dome/ic ar*itecture2 & ! 8v>iety0 :i* we mod]ns suppose we are copy+ is1 9 ne>ly all cases1 ei!r ! result ( *ange ( plan 9 ! process ( build+1 or ( subsequ5t additions by :i* ! orig9al symmetry 0 sacrific$4 ,t ! sacrifice 0 (t5 )\t loss1 & (t5 ev5 a ga9--z su* a sacrifice c\ld nev] be 9 ! case ( a ,greek or ,r5aissance build+--is ow+ to ! fact t dome/icity is ! c5tral ?\ght & expression ( ! "o k9d ( ar*itecture & public o/5tation ( ! o!r4 ,accord+ly1 ! keynote ( an ,e>ly ,engli% h\se is its /ack ( *imneys1 ^u :i* x 0 consid]$ impossible to lavi% too mu* ornam5t4 ,f ! cottage ( ! ,sussex lab\r] to ! great nobleman's mansion--su* z t mo/ exquisite ( all exi/+ specim5s ( ,tudor build+1 8,compton 9 ! ,hole0--! *imneys are ! ?+s :i* fir/ attract ! eye & delight x longe/2 :]eas ! ,greek1 ,roman1 or ,r5aissance h\se is he>tily a%am$ ( its smoke1 & has nev] yet succe$$ ?or\ghly 9 deal+ ) its disgrace4 ,symmetry1 !n1 9 ! old c\ntry h\se 0 look$ ^u z good2 b conv5i5ce & com=t1 & ! expression ( conv5i5ce & com=t1 bett]4 ,n[1 9 a h\se well & delib]ately plann$ = ! conv5i5ce ( any h\sehold1 l>ge or small1 ! gr\nd-plan & elevation w be naturally simple & symmetrical2 simplicity1 too1 is economical1 & economy a "p ( dome/icity4 ,accord+ly1 ! great ,tudor mansions & palaces ( ,engl&1 ! build]s ( :i* c\ld h be/ af=d$ to pay = ! suppos$ *>m ( 8v>iety10 are1 = ! mo/ "p1 ! simple/ 9 plan & elevation2 :ile x is 9 ! ill-plann$ & (t5-add$-to village inn or rectory t ! vag>ies ( 8v>iety10 s allur+ to ! mod]n m9d1 are almo/ exclusively f\nd4 ,9 ,old ,engli% ar*itecture ?is v>iety is a v real ?\gh accid5tal beauty4 ,x has ! d\ble *>m ( int5sify+ ! prim>y expression ( dome/icity by ! v s5se ( ! sacrifice :i* has be5 made to x1 & ( giv+ ! build+1 h[ev] small1 a t\* ( hi/orical "*4 ,b :at if ^! beauties ( ! old ar*itecture are s\ght to be obta9$ 9 ! mod]n by sacrifices ( conv5i5ce1 economy1 & dome/icity1 & by a delib]ate plann+ ( /ructural 8aft]-?\ghts10 or subsequ5t necessities1 f ! beg9n+6 ,:at if a h\se1 full ( small & uncom=table rooms connect$1 or r isolat$1 by mazes ( d>k /aircases1 l&+s1 & passages1 has be5 manife/ly built at "o bl[1 & at twice ! co/ at :i* a simple & symmetrical & sc>cely less--nay1 to ! initiat$1 m--beautiful h\se ( ! same p]iod ( ar*itecture might h be5 built1 )\t ! sacrifice ( any mod]n conv5i5ce8 ,surely1 if ! devil 7 an ar*itect 8 8fav\rite s90 w\ld be ?is k9d ( 8cottage ( g5tility40 ,! 8v>iety0 ( a real ,old ,engli% h\se is n only ne>ly always ! outcome ( "s conv5i5ce or necessity discov]$ or aris+ aft] ! fir/ build+ ( x1 b is ne>ly always obvi\sly s4 ,"s little diff]5ce ( /yle n too great to break h>mony1 w indicate a diff]5ce ( date2 or x w be %[n by "s infraction ( ! l9es ( ! orig9al build+4 ,! libr>y or p>l\r :i* cuts (f a return ( ! label ( ! pantry w9d[ is manife/ly an addition4 ,b x w\ld be too ridicul\s to copy su* pro(s ( accid5t & alt]ation into a n9ete5?-c5tury rectory1 villa1 or mansion2 & ! consequ5ce is1 t to an und]/&+ eye its v>iety is (t5 9 appe>ance1 z x is 9 reality1 m]e imbecility ap+ ! movem5ts ( reason4 ,!re is no real ana*ronism 9 ! revival ( ! ord9>y details ( ,old ,engli% h\se ar*itecture1 ?\gh !re is sometimes 9 t ( ! mat]ial4 ,! 8half-timb]$0 wall belongs only to times & places 9 :i* bricks & tiles are n to be _h1 & 9 :i* abundance ( ! be/ oak timb] is4 ,b hood$ gables1 deep cornices1 bracket$ bays1 wea!r-til$ walls1 ! projection ( upp] ov] l[] /ories1 & almo/ all ! o!r *>m+ features ( ! mode1 h s\nd reasons ( use :i* hold z good n[ z !y did 9 ! ye> #afjj2 & 9 ^! reasons alone consi/s _! ar*itectural *>m4 ,! *>act]i/ic ,old ,engli% *imney--! mo/ ornam5tal feature ( ! /yle--has its full ju/ification 9 use2 ! load+ ( ! top ) project+ lay] aft] lay] ( bricks1 laid ev5 or not*-wise1 =m+ t security aga9/ hurricane :i* is s (t5 s\ght1 9 ! 8factory0 /yle1 by ! "o or m long iron rods :i* agreeably break ! sky-l9e ( _m mod]n mansions4 ,ev5 ! scallop$ tile1 :i* s (t5 replaces ! squ>e 9 old wea!r-til$ walls1 has its utilit>ian purpose--a sav+ ( mat]ial2 ! greate/ bread? ( ! scallop be+ sup]pos$ ^u ! juncture ( ! tiles bel[1 s z to protect x f wet4 ,! projection1 9 a long l[ h\se ( ! mode/ rectory or f>mh\se type1 ( ! b$room /ory ov] ! basem5t is ! feature f>!/ ( all f be+ m]ely ornam5tal4 ,9 su* a h\se m space 0 usually want$ = b$rooms ?an = liv+-rooms & (fices1 & a v mod]ate projection ( ! upp] /ory supplies ?is additional space4 ,,xxiv ,,ar*itectural ,,/yles ,i ,e "o has a p]fectly def9ite impression ( :at is meant by an ar*itectural /yle2 & w\ld recognise a build+ z ,egyptian1 ,greek1 ,ecclesia/ical ,go?ic1 ,norman1 or ,moresque1 n m]ely by ! *>act]i/ic details ( ea* ( ^! mann]s1 b /ill m by a p]fectly di/9ct "* atta9$ 9 ea* mann] by ! comb9ation ( ^? details--a "* :i* is totally diff]5t f any effect t c\ld result f any su* r&om ?\gh m or less con/ant collocation ( details z is to be f\nd1 = example1 9 ! ba/>d 8,italian ,go?ic40 ,?is1 ?\gh x 0 made popul> by ,mr4 ,rusk91 has ab\t z mu* relation to a true /yle z a curiosity-%op has to a well-ord]$ liv+-room4 ,x is a rem>kable fact1 & "o especially wor? dwell+ ^u 9 ?is context1 t ,italy1 ! c\ntry ( ! arts1 nev] _h an ar*itecture1 & c\ld nev] ev5 adopt "o f its neighb\rs )\t degrad+ or aboli%+ its "* z a /yle4 ,! s-call$ 8,romanesque0 0 an incongru\s hybrid until x 0 develop$ into ! 8,norman0 by ! nor!rn nations ( ,europe2 & ?\gh ! po9t$ ar* made its appe>ance 9 ,italy v e>ly1 no ,italian ar*itect ev] seems to h _h any p]ception ( its arti/ic capacity1 ev5 :5 he adopt$ 9 8 build+s ! con/ructive sy/em to :i* t feature belong$4 ,italy _h great ar*itects1 b no great ar*itecture4 ,build+s l ,/4 ,m>k's1 ! ,doge's ,palace1 ! ,duomo ( ,flor5ce1 etc41 owe _! influ5ce ^u ! imag9ation to ! p]sonality ( ! ar*itect1 :i* has kn[n h[ to impress itself on a comb9ation ( 9 !mselves unmean+ or incongru\s =ms1 r ?an to t imag9ative integrity ( /yle :i* makes e ,old ,engli% p>i% *ur* look z if ! ,_s _h build$ its own h\se4 ,e great ar*itect--l e great poet1 pa9t]1 or musician--has 8 own /yle1 :e!r he works on ! l9es ( a great integral /yle l ! ,nor!rn ,po9t$1 or 9 a mongrel mode l t ( ! ,romanesque1 or 9 no accept$ mann] at all4 ,sir ,*ri/oph] ,wr5 c\ld n build a common brick h\se )\t impos+ 8 own "* ^u x4 ,b ?is p]sonal "* or /yle1 :i* always m>ks ! "w ( ! great arti/1 is usually almo/ beyond ! p[] ( analysis2 &1 7 x o!rwise1 w\ld sc>cely be wor? ! tr\ble ( analysis1 :i* w\ld only s]ve ! purpose ( enc\rag+ imitations ( t :i* owes its value to its unique individuality4 ,! five /yles above nam$--i4e4 ! ,egyptian1 ! ,greek1 ! ,po9t$ ,go?ic1 ! ,norman1 & ! ,moresque--are s mu* di/+ui%$ f all o!r modes ( build+ by ! integrity ) :i* a s+le idea is c>ri$ out 9 e detail1 t 9 comp>ison ) !m !re is no o!r mann] :i* des]ves to be call$ a /yle4 ,& x is h>d to conjecture ! possibility ( ! developm5t 9 ! future ( any six? /yle :i* %all des]ve to rank ) !m2 = ^! five seem to h exhau/$ ! five possible modes 9 :i* weight or mass ( mat]ial--app>5tly ! f\ndations ( all ar*itectural expression--c be treat$4 ,two ( ^! /yles1 ! ,norman & ! ,moresque1 ?\gh equal to ! o!rs 9 arti/ic integrity1 are immeasurably inf]ior to !m 9 significance2 ! fir/ ?ree hav+ dealt ) & exhau/$ ! only modes 9 :i* ! prim>y fact ( weight ( mat]ial 9 /one con/ruction c be subord9at$ to religi\s expression1 & ! field itself ( religi\s expression 9 ar*itecture hav+ be5 9 l mann] cle>$ by ^! /yles3 = :5 ! ,mat]ial1 ! ,rational1 & ! ,spiritual h once f\nd utt]ance 9 /one--z !y h done 9 ! temple-ar*itectures ( ,egypt1 ,greece1 & ,nor!rn ,europe--:at f\r? religi\s aspect rema9s to inspire a new art8 ,x is propos$ 9 ^! pap]s to consid] ! sev]al expressional !mes ( ! five great ar*itectures1 & to give a brief exposition ( ! way 9 :i* !y are work$ out4 ,x %\ld be premis$1 h[ev]1 t z x does n require a k ( h[ an effect is produc$ 9 ord] to feel t effect1 s x is n pret5d$ t any v di/9ct consci\sness ( ! adaptation ( means to expressional ends mu/ h exi/$ 9 ! m9ds ( ! inv5tors ( ! great /yles ( ar*itecture4 ,all arti/ic production involves a l>ge elem5t ( lucky accid5t1 ( :i* ! true arti/ alone kn[s h[ to avail himself2 & x is (t5 f a lucky accid5t 9 a happy season t a great "w or a great art w take its orig91 z ! dropp+ ( a gra9 ( s& into a saturat$ solution ( c]ta9 salts w =m ! c5tre & cause ( its sudd5 cry/allisation4 ,z s\nd philosophy is only s\nd s5se spread out1 s true criticism ( great "w is only "r p]ception spread out2 & ! use ( criticism ( su* "w is n s mu* to tea* m5 to enjoy x1 z to enable !m to pron\nce a prompt & assur$ & demon/rable condemnation ( bad or inf]ior "w :5 false or exagg]at$ claims are put =? 9 its fav\r4 ,! ?ree prim>y ar*itectures seem to h ow$ _! orig9 to ?ree accid5ts4 ,! imm5se & :olly unreasonable massiv5ess :i* *>act]ises ! ,egyptian /yle is probably due to its hav+ em]g$ f cav]ns4 ,x c>ri$ into ! air its memory ( hav+ _h ! rocky e>? = its ro( & walls1 & ( ! "t :5 its close-pack$ squadrons ( granite %afts 7 a necessity :i* x co/ no?+ to provide4 ,! ,p>!non1 aga91 is a manife/ glorification 9 /one ( ! =ms ( ! wood5 hut2 & ! po9t$ ar*1 ) all its imm5se consequ5ces1 arose f ! con/ructional accid5t ( cross-vault+4 ,weight1 !n1 :i* is ! mo/ g5]al & *>act]i/ic attribute ( matt]1 0 tak5 by ! ,egyptian1 ,greek1 & ,go?ic ar*itects z ! gr\nd ( _! sev]al ideas--:e!r consci\sly or n1 is no conc]n ( ours4 ,! ,egyptian ar*itect1 z w be %[n1 subord9at$ e detail1 f ! mass ( ! pyramid--:i* may be reg>d$ z ! =m tak5 by weight 9 ! ab/ract--d[n to almo/ e p>ticul> ( decoration1 to ! creation ( an effect ( compulsory submission to an irresi/ible & =-ev]-endur+ mat]ial p[]4 ,! mightie/ bulk ( ,alp or ,ap5n9e is a bubble comp>$ ) an ,egyptian temple1 :i* is ! awful life ( pond]osity & cru%+ e>?l9ess2 & !re is no ne$ to pause 9 ord] to po9t out h[ aptly ?is expression suit$ ! political & religi\s "* ( ! p out ( :om ,israel fl$4 ,9 ! ar*itecture ( ,greece1 weight--repres5tative ( mat]ial =ce--0 /ill ! !me2 b x 0 mat]ial =ce :i* _h met ) its mat*1 ! =ce ( m9d2 & ! pond]\s entablature1 e detail ( :i* expresses weight1 is lift$ & borne beautifully 9 air by a s]ies ( memb]s e "o ( :i* conveys ! impression ( an opposite asc5dant =ce1 :i* recognises b does n suff] 9 ! lea/ degree f its bur!n1 b5ea? :i* ! animat$ %aft is se5 to fl+ away a "p ( its support+ p[] j at ! po9t :]e mo/ weight is borne1 & ! ,c>yatides ( ! ,p&rosium c af=d to /& ) "o knee b5t easily =w>d4 ,"h1 !n1 aga9 0 a great & new phase ( ! human m9d envisag+ ! univ]se1 express$ by simple ref]5ce to weight ( mat]ial 9 its temples4 ,! ?ird great phase--t 9 :i* an ascetic spirituality1 refus+ all will+ alliance ) e>?l9ess1 only recognises x z a ?+ to sbe defi$ & to be made ! measure ( ! _s's pr$om9ance--obta9$ its arti/ic expression by employ+ mat]ial weight z ! symbol ( its oppon5t2 :i* x nei!r suff]s f nor ent]s into alliance )1 b vanqui%es1 conv]ts1 & glorifies 9 asc5d+ /reams ( life4 ,! ,moresque /yle also owes its s+ul> integrity ( effect to a peculi> mode ( reg>d+ ! idea ( gravitation3 if t c be call$ a mode ( reg>d+ x :i* consi/s 9 a mo/ +5i\s & fanciful ignor+ ( x1 ei!r z an oppressor1 an ally1 or a vanqui%$ foe4 ,! honeycomb$ domes ( ! ,alhambra & ! ,mosque ( ,cordova hang app>5tly susp5d$ 9 air ^u 8p5d5tives10 l sunny cl\ds 9 /ation2 & ! a/oni%+ art by :i* innum]able details are made to concur 9 ?is effect w\ld ju/ify ?is /yle 9 rank+ ) ! ?ree =ego+1 _h ?is effect any symbolic mean+ = ! human race & its religions2 b x has no mean+ = m5 :o h _! feet ^u ! e>?1 & is only adapt$ = ! palaces & temples ( a race ( sylphs or gnomes4 ,la/ly1 ! ,norman /yle1 ?\gh no less consi/5t an expon5t ( "o idea ?an are ! o!r temple /yles1 is f\nd$ ^u no ref]5ce to sup]9cumb5t weight1 b dep5ds almo/ :olly ^u its boa/ ( ! mass & et]nal /ability ( ! wall4 ,x well conveys ! solemn expression ( a calm et]nity ( "t2 b = religi\s purposes x w n be> ! lea/ comp>ison ) ! flamelike ,go?ic1 express+ at once ! peace & ard\r ( ! 8et]nal mom5t40 ,9 ! foll[+ pap]s a %ort analysis w be giv5 ( ! some:at obscure means by :i* ! well-recognis$ expressions ( ^! five great ar*itectures are obta9$4 ,,ii ,! symbolisation ( mat]ial life & p[] by an elaborately arti/ic treatm5t ( ! m]e fact ( weight1 :i* is ! mo/ univ]sal & obvi\s attribute ( matt]1 is ! object ( e g5]al =m & ( almo/ e1 s-call$ decorative1 detail ( ,egyptian ar*itecture2 ! few exceptions1 su* z ! occasional intrusion ( ! lotus & palm into ! capitals ( ! columns1 be+ due to an obscure b probably intimately relat$ symbolism ( a diff]5t k9d4 ,! pyramid is ! simple/ arti/ic =m by :i* m]e weight c be express$4 ,x is no?+ m nor less ?an a m\nd or m\nta9 %ap$ s z to give x an arti/ic consci\sness4 ,! =m ( ! ,egyptian ,temple is no?+ b ! expression ( ?is elem5t>y =m ( weight ) emphasis ^u emphasis1 until !re results su* an accumulation & conc5tration ( ! idea ( weight t ! :ole build+ seems z if x w\ld cru% ! e>? on :i* x /&s4 ,?is effect is ma9ly produc$ by a multiplication ( ! pyramidal =m 9 ! masses ( ! build+2 by its truncation at v>i\s heights1 :i* introduces ! p[]ful elem5t ( sugge/ion2 by num]\s inf]ior memb]s :i* emphasise ! expression by contra/2 & by su* a multiplication & =mation ( %aft & capital z to convey ! idea ( an ov]:elm+ bur!n above !m4 ,! great d\ble-t[]$ ,propylon ( ! typical ,egyptian ,temple is1 9 its entire mass1 a truncat$ pyramid2 &1 z simply su*1 is a mu* m =cible expression ( pyramidal =m ?an ! pyramid itself4 ,?is expression is d\bl$ by ! division ( ! upp] "p ( ! mass into two l[ t[]s4 ,imm5se cavetto cornices cr[n ^! t[]s1 & int5sify _! effect by ! /ronge/ contra/4 ,_! pyramidal outl9e is emphasis$ to ! eye by ! great roll-m\ld+s :i* foll[ ! angles ( ! masonry f summit to base4 ,f9ally1 ! plane ( ! great doorway by :i* ! two masses ( ! ,propylon are jo9$ leaves t ( ! pyramidal mass & becomes ne>ly p]p5dicul>1 :ile ! sides ( ! doorway become actually p]p5dicul>--con/itut+ a cumulative contra/ :i* seems to d\ble ! already manifold emphasis ( ! ma9 bulk ( ! build+4 ,! comp>atively l[ mass ( ! body ( ! temple beh9d ! ,propylon is /ill ! truncat$ pyramid cr[n$ ) ! contra/+ cornice2 b ! truncation occurs s ne> ! gr\nd1 & s f> f :at w\ld be ! apex 7 ! conv]g+ l9es ( wall cont9u$ upw>ds1 t ! pyramidal =m w\ld sc>cely h be5 sugge/$1 7 x n = its pla9] manife/ation 9 ! ,propylon2 b1 ) ?is aid1 ! eye at once cat*es ! idea ( ! decapitat$ pyramid ?r\gh\t4 ,?r\gh op5+s 9 ^! /rongly incl9$ walls appe>$ ! v]tical colonnades2 & su* ni*es or ap]tures z 7 practis$ 9 ^! walls _h ! contra/ ( p]p5dicul> jambs4 ,9 front ( ! va/ pond]osity ( ! ,egyptian ,temple rose ! f9al & mo/ effective contra/ to ! :ole--! 8f+]s ( ! sun03 ! pair ( tall & sl5d] monoli?s1 :i* only tap]$ suffici5tly to give !m ! reality & ! appe>ance ( security4 ,9 ! int]ior ( ! build+ ! idea ( weight _h to be convey$ 9 a diff]5t mann]--namely1 by ! bulk1 numb]1 & =m ( ! columns4 ,e detail ( %aft & capital--) ! two or ?ree exceptions already spok5 (--0 calculat$ to express actual suff]ance f ! bur!n borne by !m4 ,! %afts bulge t[>ds ! base1 & ! capitals likewise swell z !y approa* _! juncture ) ! %afts2 %aft & capital be+ usually clo!d ) v]tical convex m\ld+s3 ! exact rev]se ( ! ,doric %aft1 :i*1 z w be %[n1 _h exactly ! opposite idea to convey4 ,unlike ! repose & suffici5cy ( ! ,doric column1 ! ,egyptian expresses viol5t & yet insuffici5t en]gy1 :i* seems to ru% t[>ds & to be p>tially driv5 back by ! entablature4 ,! imm5se ?ickness ( wall1 :]ev] x 0 %[n1 0 emphasis$ by sculpture 9 v l[ relief4 ,^! are only ! ma9 elem5ts ( an effect :i*1 & ! means ( produc+ :i*1 w be m =cibly felt by a correspond+ analysis ( ,greek ar*itecture1 :i* culm9ates 9 ! ,doric ( ! ,p>!non4 ,?is temple has a d\ble basem5t1 ! fir/ ( :i* is on a 8dead level02 f ?is rises ! second basem5t1 9 :i* ! true life ( ! build+ comm5ces4 ,9 #ahcg ,mr4 ,p5ne?orne ann\nc$ ! important discov]y t ! l9es ( ?is basem5t1 toge!r ) ^? ( ! entablature1 are n horizontal l9es1 b p>abolic curves2 & ,mr4 ,p5rose1 9 #aheb1 9 a "w publi%$ by ! ,society ( ,dilettanti1 gave ! actual measurem5ts ( ^! curves2 :i* are f\nd to prevail n only 9 ! horizontal b 9 all ! v]tical l9es & faces1 9 ! incl9$ l9es ( ! p$im5t1 & 9 ! axes ( ! %afts4 ,^! curves are s subtle--! rise be+ only an in* or two 9 z _m hundr$ feet--t !y are r felt ?an se52 b t !y are felt1 ev5 by ! comp>atively gross mod]n eye1 is cle> en\gh f ! diff]5t way 9 :i* x is affect$ by ! ,p>!non itself & by any imitation ( x by mod]n build]s4 ,x is probable t ^! curves 7 9 "s in/ances meant to correct optical illusions1 by :i* /raight l9es w\ld look holl[1 etc42 b a f> great] motive = _! introduction 0 an effect ( animation 9 ! :ole & 9 e "p & ( unity ?r\gh ! pr$om9ance ( g5]al curves1 :i* a cultivat$ eye c disc]n v easily1 b :i* is probably beyond our pres5t p[]s ( analysis4 ,above ! basem5t ! ,doric ,temple ext]nally--& ! ,greek ,temple's ar*itectural beauty is all outside--consi/s ( two p>ts1 ( opposite & exactly balanc$ significance4 ,! fir/ consi/s ( a colonnade ( %afts1 ea* ( :i* rises at once f ! /ylobate1 )\t ! foot+ or 8base0 f\nd 9 subsequ5t /yles4 ,! %aft dim9i%es some:at rapidly1 until x imp+es ^u & ends 9 ! capital2 :i* is an hyp]bolic 8ovolo10 spread+ widely "u ! 8abacus0 or tile1 :i* con/itutes ! neutral po9t1 or po9t ( re/1 betwe5 ! column & ! entablature4 ,! outl9es ( ! %aft 7always flut$ 9 e>ly ,greek ar*itecture7 conv]ge f ! base t[>ds ! capital--n 9 /raight l9es1 b 9 decid$ p>abolic curves1 ( :i* ! dep>ture f /raight l9es is greate/ at ab\t two-?irds ( ! height ( ! %aft4 ,?is curve ( ! %aft is call$ ! entasis2 & ^u x dep5ds ma9ly ! expressional life ( ! %aft4 ,x w be rememb]$ t !re is a simil> swell+ 9 ! ,egyptian %aft2 b ?is is :]e x approa*es ! base4 ,its position 9 ! ,greek %aft expresses an asc5dant en]gy ( =ce1 :i* is manife/$ mo/ /rongly z x approa*es ! capital4 ,9 ! "o case yield+ "u weight is express$1 9 ! o!r sup]abundant p[]4 ,?is animat$ expression is multipli$ by e multiplication ( ! outl9e provid$ by ! flut+s1 :i* 9 ! ,greek %aft are concave1 express+ conc5tration ( =ce t[>ds ! c5tre2 :]eas1 9 ! ,egyptian ! flut+s are convex1 express+ fur!r a t5d5cy to bulge & bur/ "u _! bur!n4 ,a little "u ! capital1 & j :]e ! ,greek %aft is ?9ne/1 "o or m deep *annels are incis$ 9 its sub/ance1 %[+ t p[] c be triumphantly ca/ away j :]e p[] is mo/ ne$$4 ,! ,egyptian %aft1 at ! same po9t1 is usually b\nd ) a heavy ?onglike m\ld+1 z if to prev5t x f be+ cru%$4 ,! ovolo1 :i* con/itutes ! ,doric capital1 provides & expresses ! di/ribution ( ! p[] ( ! %aft to meet ! sup]9cumb5t entablature2 & ! 8quirk0 or sudd5 dim9ution ( its bread? imm$iately "u ! abacus is a repetition ( ! device ( ! incis$ *annels = prov+ ! exi/5ce ( sup]abundant p[]4 ,at ! po9t :]e ! ,greek entablature is met ) easy grace by ! noble spread ( ! hyp]bolic ovolo1 ! ,egyptian capital1 z a rule1 dim9i%es & seems to da% itself ) viol5ce t[>ds ! po9t ( conflict4 ,z e feature ( ! column ?us expresses *e]ful & abundant en]gy1 e detail ( ! entablature is a mode ( express+ ! weight :i* is ?us met & c>ri$ ) su* graceful p[]4 ,! ,doric entablature is made up ( ?ree p>ts--ar*itrave1 frieze1 & cornice--ea* express+ 9 a diff]5t mann] ! idea ( weight4 ,! ar*itrave is a massive lay] ( /one ) its face unbrok5 by any sort ( 8decoration02 x projects beyond ! neck ( ! %aft1 s t a l9e dropp$ f x w\ld ab\t t\* ! out] circumf]5ce ( ! %aft at its base4 ,9 ?is memb]1 !n1 weight is express$ by a simple mass directly impos$ ^u ! c5tres ( support4 ,! frieze is a simil> lay] ( masonry hav+ its face brok5 up by triglyphs--memb]s resembl+1 & no d\bt orig9at+ 91 ! t]m9ations ( beams ( timb]4 ,^! triglyphs are slightly project+ quadrilat]al masses ( /one1 consid]ably high] ?an !y are broad1 & cut into deep v]tical *annels4 ,!y w\ld express little besides ! memory ( ! old timb] con/ruction1 7 x n = ! gutt :i* hang bel[ !m1 sep>at$ f !m by a fillet4 ,^! gutt1 by multiply+ ! v]tical l9es ( ! triglyphs1 conf] ^u !m ! appe>ance ( p5dants1 ! =ce ( ! e>?w>d t5d5cy be+ increas$ by ! fillets1 ^: mom5t>y int]ruption ( t t5d5cy seems to increase x4 ,to increase :at ,franz ,kugl] calls ! 8triglyphic "*10 little p5dants sometimes occur at ! top ( ! *amf]$ sides ( ! triglyphs4 ,no "o c realise ! :ole =ce ( ?is extremely simple means ( expression except by try+ :at ! ,doric entablature w\ld be )\t x4 ,!re is1 or 01 a *ur* 9 ! ,wat]loo ,road1 massively built & pres]v+ pretty well all ! features ( ! ,doric ,temple1 except ! triglyphs & gutt4 ,_! omission makes ! :ole build+ light-head$4 ,!re seems to be no mean+ 9 ! va/ curr5t ( upw>d =ce 9 ! flut$ %afts1 if t is all !y h to c>ry4 ,any "o c satisfy himself ( ?is po9t by simply cov]+ ! frieze1 9 a pr9t ( a ,doric ,temple1 by a slip ( :ite pap]4 ,( c\rse ?is all-important triglyphic "*1 ?\gh only express$ 9 ! frieze1 is felt to apply to ! entire mass ( ! entablature1 ( :i* ! weight is ?us made visible4 ,z ! ar*itrave expresses simple weight1 & ! frieze weight dep5d+1 s ! cornice is weight imp5d+4 ,! great projection ( ?is massive memb] beyond ! face ( ! frieze & ar*itrave conta9s 9 itself ! gr\nd ( t expression2 b x is c>efully height5$ by ! deep und]cutt+ ( ! corona1 :i* ?r[s ! mass =w>d & sep>ates x by a d>k %ad[ f ! top ( ! frieze2 & x is /ill fur!r height5$ by a repetition ( ! r[s ( gutt--:i*1 h[ev]1 9 ?is in/ance seem to be slid+ (f ! incl9$ faces ( ! mutules 7incl9$ slabs set 9 ! und]cutt+ ( ! corona72 s t ! same device :i* gives dep5d5t weight 9 ! frieze1 expresses weight imp5d5t 9 ! cornice4 ,^! are only a few ( ! m obvi\s means by :i* ! lovely equilibrium ( ! ,doric /yle is creat$4 ,!re are _m o!r details :i* x is impossible to notice "h2 b e "o be>s ! c5tral ?\ght con/antly 9 view1 & adds to ! mo/ p]fect--?\gh n p]haps ! highe/--ar*itectural beauty :i* ! _w has ev] se54 ,! o!r s-call$ 8ord]s0 are only modifications or corruptions ( ! same idea4 ,,iii ,be=e proce$+ to %[ h[ ! idea ( ,greek ar*itecture1 symbolis$ 9 a sy/em ( con/ruction & decoration :i* emphasis$ to ! eye 9 e detail an exact adequacy ( endeav\r to effect1 0 modifi$ or corrupt$ 9 ! s-call$ 8,ionic10 8,cor9?ian10 & o!r 8ord]s10 a few words %\ld be said ab\t ! v peculi> & little und]/ood treatm5t ( ! wall by ! ,doric ar*itects4 ,z a contra/ to ! active conflict ( app>5tly asc5d+ p[] 9 ! columns ) ! gravitat+ p[]1 r5d]$1 z x 71 visible 9 ! entablature1 ! treatm5t ( ! walls ( ! naos1 pronaos1 & po/icum--t is1 ( ! body ( ! temple & ( ! por*es creat$ by ! prolongation ( ! side walls--is emphatically passive & neutral1 & j ! rev]se ( ! treatm5t ( ! wall by ! ,egyptians1 :o made x ! base ( a truncat$ pyramid1 a mass ( consci\s pond]osity1 :i* 8lean'd d[n on e>? ) all its weight40 ,! v]tical junctures ( ! /ones ( ! walls ( ! ,greek ,temple 7 r5d]$ invisible by poli%+ _! adjac5t faces2 b ! horizontal faces 7 r\gh-work$1 s t ! wall-face pres5t$ a s]ies ( /raight l9es p>allel to ! base4 ,^! l9es 7 only /rong en\gh to be pla9ly se51 ?r\gh ! gaps 9 t torr5t ( asc5d+ p[]1 ! flut$ colonnade2 increas+ t =ce by _! contra/1 b !mselves express+ no?+ b ! fact t ! wall 0 a wall1 built 9 ord9>y c\rses ( masonry4 ,_h ! p]p5dicul> junctures ( ! masonry be5 visible1 ! contra/ to ! %afts--:i* 7 ei!r monoli?s or _h ! junctures ( ! fru/ra s poli%$ t !y look$ l monoli?s--w\ld h be5 lo/4 ,! ant1 or ends ( ! walls1 are treat$ 9 a way :i* is p>ticul>ly notewor?y4 ,9 ! ,roman corruptions ( ,greek ar*itecture ^! ant 7 confus$ ) & (t5 treat$ z flatt5$ & appli$ %afts4 ,! fact ( passive resi/ance ( ! wall1 9 contra/ to ! active resi/ance ( ! colonnade1 is c>efully b v unobtrusively express$ 9 ^! wall-t]m9ations 9 ! pure/ ,doric4 ,:]e ! /rongly asc5d+ =ce ( ! %aft sacrifices p[] 9 ord] to prove its abundance1 ! ant are increas$ 9 bread? & /r5g? by successive capp+s1 or by m\ld+s s und]cut z to express a roll+ ov] or suff]ance f sup]impos$ weight2 !re is no entasis or visible swell 9 ! ant--until !y 7 us$ by lat] ar*itects :o _h lo/ ! s5se ( :at entasis meant2 ^! wall-t]m9ations 7 fur!r /r5g!n$ by a base1 :i* no ,doric %aft ev] _h4 ,! base & capp+ 71 m or less1 cont9u$ along ! top & bottom ( ! :ole wall1 ! doors & o!r ap]tures ( :i* usually dim9i%$ 9 wid? t[>ds ! top1 sugge/+--b /ill 9 a passive & unobtrusive way--! simple reality ( weight & pressure 9 ! wall1 & af=d+ a fur!r & mo/ important contra/ to ! liv+ 8empor/reb510 z ! ,g]man critics call x1 ( ! l9e ( %afts4 ,?us ,mr4 ,rusk9 is wrong 9 say+ t 89 ! ,greek ,temple ! wall is z no?+2 ! entire int]e/ is 9 ! deta*$ columns & ! frieze 7entablature87 !y be>40 ,! wall is ! expression ( ! passive life t becomes active :5 x is conc5trat$ 9 ! colonnade1 & has s mu* m "w to d4 ,9 ! 8,ionic ,ord]0 exactly ! same idea ( ! symbolisation ( ! balance ( mat]ial & intellectual =ces is c>ri$ out ) ! same integrity z 9 ! ,doric1 ?\gh ) less simplicity & obvi\sness4 ,! idea ( ela/icity--z notic$ by ,franz ,kugl] 9 8 ,h&bu* d] ,kun/ges*i*te = ! fir/ "t--is add$ to t ( simple upw>d met by simple d[nw>d =ce4 ,x occurs especially 9 ! base & ! volutes ( ! column1 z ^! memb]s are f\nd modifi$ & p]fect$ by ! ,attic ar*itects4 ,by trac+ ! gr[? ( ! ,attic base1 mu* light w be ?r[n ^u ! ,greek ar*itectural idea4 ,a base is a support = ! %aft4 ,! ,doric _h no base1 because ! notion ( any weight to be support$ 0 n all[$ to be express$ any:]e b 9 ! entablature2 ! ,ionic diff]+ f ! ,doric ma9ly 9 ?is--t ! visible conflict betwe5 weight & support+ p[]1 :i* 9 ! ,doric 0 :olly conc5trat$ ^u ! abacus1 or tile1 :]e ! column met ! entablature1 0 9 ! ,ionic s di/ribut$ t almo/ e memb] 0 at once ag5t & reag5t1 express+ an adequate p[] ( support+ :at 0 above x1 b also requir+ support f t :i* 0 bel[4 ,a great squ>e /one or pl9? is ! simple/ =m ( base2 b ?is w\ld h look$ poor & inorganic und]nea? ! elaborately flut$ & volut$ column4 ,! squ>e /one cut into a circle ) its edges r\nd$ is ! next simple/ =m2 b x 0 left = ! ,romans to use ?is base1 = !y _h n ! s5sitive eye t disc]n$ ! fatal effect ( swell+ or suff]ance f weight :i* ?is cu%ion-l =m conveys4 ,! fir/ ,ionic base _h a scotia1 or holl[ rec$+ m\ld+1 "u ! r\nd torus4 ,?is contradict$ ! above impression2 b x did x viol5tly & awkw>dly4 ,f9ally1 ! ,attic base 0 =m$ ( a l>ge torus bel[1 a small] "o above1 & ! scotia1 or rec$+ m\ld+1 betwe5 !m2 s t ! base--:i*1 on ! :ole1 0 a spread+ & support+ memb]--0 nev]!less n>r[e/ :]e x w\ld h be5 ?icke/ _h x suff]$1 l a cu%ion1 f ! weight x c>ri$4 ,! flut+ ( ! ,ionic ord]1 :ile x express$ asc5dant =ce l ! ,doric1 _h a flat space or fillet in/ead ( a %>p edge betwe5 ea* concavity1 & ea* l9e ( flut+ _h semicircul> t]m9ations4 ,! effect ( ?is 0 to end[ ! %aft itself ) a sub/antive expression ( weight1 :i* _h no exi/5ce 9 ! ,doric %aft1 t flew1 l a %eaf ( arr[s1 f ! e>? to /rike aga9/ ! ovolo ( ! capital4 ,! ,ionic capital1 l ! ,ionic base1 _h its ela/ic "* p]fectly develop$ by ,attic ar*itects4 ,9 ! orig9al ,ionic ! e>s ( ! volutes simply hang on ei!r side ( ! ovolo l horns2 b 9 ,attic specim5s !y appe> to be =m$ by ! pressure ( ! entablature ^u a s]ies ( ela/ic curves4 ,! ,ionic abacus diff]s f ! ,doric 9 express+1 9 common ) all ! o!r memb]s ( ! ,ionic column1 an active support+ p[]2 :]eas ! ,doric tile is simply negative1 ! 8po9t ( re/0 betwe5 ! oppos+ =ces ( ! column & entablature4 ,! ar*itrave1 ! fir/ memb] ( ! ,ionic entablature1 in/ead ( express+ weight by simple mass1 z ! ,doric ar*itrave does1 consi/s ( two or ?ree lay]s ( masonry1 ! upp] project+ ov] ! o!r1 & giv+ to ! entire entablature ! expression ( imp5d+ weight1 :i* 9 ! ,doric is limit$ to ! corona4 ,9 ! frieze !re are no gutt or triglyphs1 because ! p5d5t effect :i* ^! give to ! ,doric frieze w\ld be inconsi/5t ) ! cont9uation ( ! idea ( support z well z weight ?r\gh\t all ! memb]s ( ! ,ionic ord]4 ,9 ! pure ,doric !re is absolutely no su* ?+ z ornam5t2 ?\gh ,kugl]1 not)/&+ t he is ( all critics ! "o :o has come ne>e/ to ! p]ception ( ! true s5se ( ,greek ar*itecture1 ass]ts t ! head & foot memb]s ( ! ant are m]ely ornam5tal4 ,h[ f> ?is is f be+ ! case has be5 n[ %[n4 ,! s-call$ 8egg & arr[0 & o!r figures into :i* ,greek m\ld+s 7 cut h no?+ to d ) ornam5t4 ,!y are simply ! means ( emphasis+ ! =ms ( ! m\ld+s & r5d]+ !m visible at di/ances at :i* o!rwise !y w\ld n be di/+ui%$4 ,b 9 ! ,ionic we h real ar*itectural ornam5t1 & l9es ( roses or b&s ( foliage are ins]t$ at po9ts :]e x is desirable to express--9 ! abs5ce ( m sev]e means ( expression--! fre$om & *e]fulness ) :i* a sup]9cumb5t weight is c>ri$4 ,! 8,cor9?ian0 is only a highly decorat$ ,ionic1 & ! ,greeks ( ! good age seem to h ?\ght x fitte/ = secul> or semi-secul> purposes4 ,x only atta9$ some:at ( ! "* ( an 8,ord]0 9 ! h&s ( ! ,romans1 :o _h little ta/e = or und]/&+ ( pure ,greek art1 b _h suffici5t intellig5ce to see h[ to apply ornam5t = ! mo/ "p 9 ! "r places4 ,:5 !y tri$ to improve ^u ! ,doric ( ! ,p>!non1 !y did x 9 a v *>act]i/ic way4 ,!y simplifi$ x by do+ away ) ! flut+ ( ! %aft & sett+ x ^u a base ( ! s+le torus or roll-m\ld+1 s t x look$ l a big sausage set on end ^u a small curly "o2 & in/ead ( ! *annel cut 9 ! neck ( ! %aft--:i* mu/ h be5 a hopeless puzzle to !m--!y b\nd ! %aft at ! same po9t ) a project+ m\ld+3 z ! ,egyptians did rightly1 because !y want$ to express an idea ! exact opposite ( ! ,greek "o4 ,m]etrici\s ornam5t & mock simplicity w5t h& 9 h&1 & all pret5sions to integrity ( /yle _h to be ab&on$ :5 ! ar* & ! entablature _h to be reconcil$4 ,z build]s ! ,romans p]haps surpass$ all o!rs be=e or s9ce2 & z ar*itects also !y 7 z great z !y c\ld be1 9 ! abs5ce ( ! ,greek devotion to ! unity produc$ by "o all-p]vad+ symbolic ?\ght4 ,,iv ,! po9t$ ,go?ic1 ?\gh x took its rise m ?an fifte5 hundr$ ye>s aft] ! decay ( ,attic ar*itecture1 & aft] ! int]v5tion ( sev]al o!r /yles1 ( :i* ! 8,norman0 con/itutes "o ( ! five great & only pure /yles :i* ! _w has se51 is nev]!less 9 clos] arti/ic relation%ip ) ! ,attic /yle ?an ! ,norman is1 & %\ld be !re=e treat$ e>lie/4 ,! imm5se ef=t :i* 0 made to develop a great /yle f ! dome--! natural outcome ( ! circul> ar* introduc$ by ! ,romans--nev] came to any?+ b ! production ( "h & !re an edifice :i*1 l ! ,pan!on & ,/4 ,sophia1 7 miracles ( te*nical skill1 until ! idea 0 tak5 up by ! fanciful ,moresque ar*itects4 ,aga91 ! ,norman1 ?\gh a great integral /yle1 z w be %[n1 is n bas$ ^u any relation to weight ( mat]ial2 :i* is at once ! great fact ( build+1 & z su* is made by ! ,egyptian1 ,greek1 & ,go?ic ar*itects to express ! mat]ial1 intellectual1 & spiritual "* ( wor%ip 9 ways t exhau/ ?is prim>y s\rce ( ar*itectural symbolism4 ,weight--simple & irresi/ible 9 ! ,egyptian1 adequately support$ 9 ! ,greek--is1 9 ! po9t$ ,go?ic1 n aboli%$ z 9 ! ,moresque1 b totally vanqui%$ & borne above1 z by a sup]ior spiritual p[]4 ,two happy accid5ts gave rise to ?is ar*itectural developm5t4 ,z ! ,egyptian ar*itecture 0 an arti/ic transfiguration ( ! necessities ( an orig9al cav]n ar*itecture1 & z ! ,doric ,temple 9 a simil> way transmut$ to undreamt-( significance ! =ms ( ! timb] hut1 s ! ,go?ic ar*itecture f\nd 9 ! ,basilica--! ma9 =ms ( :i* 7 transmitt$ ?r\gh ! ,norman ca!dral--! accid5tal key to :at probably w = ev] rema9 ! supreme glory ( ! art ( temple-build+4 ,! ,basilica itself conta9$ no?+ b ! discov]y ( ! mo/ conv5i5t way ( ro(+-9 & light+ a great oblong hall4 ,x consi/$ ( nave & aisles2 ! walls ( ! nave ris+ )9 & above ^? ( ! aisles1 to =m ! cl]e/ory1 :i* gave ! c5tre ( ! edifice ext]nally ! appe>ance ( un%ea?+ itself f & so>+ above ! re/4 ,! means ( emphasis+ & multiply+ ?is effect indef9itely--z ! pyramidal effect 0 multipli$ & emphasis$ 9 ! ,egyptian ,temple--7 provid$ by ano!r =tunate accid5t1 ! developm5t ( ! po9t$ ar* f ! me*anical necessities ( cross-vault+4 ,no soon] did a r[ ( po9t$ ar*es make its appe>ance 9 ! cl]e/ory w9d[s ?an ! p[] ( ,go?ic expression1 lat5t 9 ! ma9 body ( ! build+1 became obvi\s4 ,! t[]1 ) its spire1 0 ! fir/ & simple/ sequ5ce4 ,x 0 to ! cl]e/ory :at ?is 0 to ! ma9 body ( ! build+4 ,9 ! c\rse ( a few ye>s e detail ( con/ruction & decoration became subord9at$ to ! heav5w>d flight :i* ! ma9 masses ( ! build+ _h ?us tak54 ,?is fact is a ?readb>e commonplace ( ar*itectural criticism1 & "o :i* is obvi\s to ! eye ( ! dulle/ behold] ( ! int]ior or ext]ior ( e ,go?ic ca!dral2 b ! numb] & subtlety ( ! means by :i* ! effect is ga9$ is beyond all reckon+ & analysis2 & ! object ( ?is pap] is to po9t out only a few ( !m :i* are n to be f\nd 9 ar*itectural manuals1 & to %[ h[ ?is all-prevail+ /ream ( ard5t aspiration 0 mod]at$ & gov]n$ s z to acquire ! expression ( peace z well z ard\r1 z befitt$ ! beauty ( ! ,*ri/ian temple4 ,mr4 ,freeman comes ne>] ?an any o!r em95t ar*itectural critic to a cle> disc]nm5t ( ,go?ic "* :5 he says3 8,:]e !re is no /rife !re is no victory2 ! v]tical l9e _c be call$ pr$om9ant unless ! horizontal exi/ 9 a visible condition ( subjection & inf]iority40 ,b ! v]tical l9e exi/s 9 ,go?ic ar*itecture z mu* m ?an a foil to v]tical "*2 x *ecks & keeps x )9 b\nds1 & exhibits x z an expression ( ! inf9ite b\nd$ & peacefully b\nd$ by ! f9ite--:i* is ! true "* ( ! life & wor%ip symbolis$4 ,h5ce ! squ>e-head$ t[] is z f9e1 if n a f9] f9i% to ! ,go?ic ca!dral ?an ! spire4 ,comp>e ! t[] ( ,york ) ! spire ( ,freyburg 9 ,breisgau--! f9e/ spire 9 ! _w1 ris+ z x does z a spire f ! gr\nd--& x w be f\nd t ! cessation ( ! great1 /eady heav5w>d curr5t 9 ,york1 gradually prep>$ = z x is by ! treatm5t ( ! face ( ! t[]1 & culm9at+ 9 ! compromise ( op5 battlem5ts1 ea* ( :i* frames ! po9t$ ar*1 creates a m solemn & he>t-exp&+ s5se ( inf9ite aspiration ?an ! app>5tly great] flight ( endeav\r 9 ! fam\s spire1 :i* so>s inde$ twice ! height ( ! t[]1 b1 z x 71 evaporates z x so>s4 ,! m9ds ( ! ,go?ic ar*itects seem to h be5 mu* divid$ z to :i* 0 bett]3 ! *eck$ & conta9$ expression ( ! t[]1 9 :i* an undim9i%$ =ce ( asc5sion 0 sugge/$1 or ! exhau/+ flight ( ! spire4 ,! t[] ( ,salisbury1 = example1 0 n orig9ally int5d$ to c>ry ! spire1 :i* 0 add$ long aft] ! ca!dral 0 complet$4 ,!y (t5 obta9$ bo? features1 giv+ a spire to only "o ( ! we/-end t[]s4 ,!re is1 p]haps1 no m satisfactory treatm5t ( ! we/ front ?an ?is1 z may be se5 9 ,/rasburg ,ca!dral4 ,l _m o!r f9e effects1 ?is mo/ probably arose f accid5t--! accid5t ( its n be+ conv5i5t at ! "t to add ! second spire2 b t ! incomplet5ess 0 fully recognis$ z a p]fection is prov$ by ! _m in/ances ( its hav+ be51 if n devis$1 all[$ to rema94 ,!re are ?ree ways ( treat+ ! spire4 ,x may comm5ce at ! e>?1 z t ( ,freyburg does1 )\t ! int]v5tion ( a t[]2 or x may rise f a t[] ! head ( :i* is consid]ably l>g] ?an ! base ( ! spire2 or ! base ( ! spire may co9cide ) ! top ( ! t[]1 9 :i* case x is call$ a 8broa* spire40 ,! second is ! f9e/ & by f> ! mo/ frequ5t arrangem5t1 z x comb9es ! effects ( spire & t[] )\t confus+ !m2 a "p ( ! =ce ( ! t[] be+ conta9$ & *eck$1 & a "p be+ all[$ to take its self-exhau/+ flight4 ,x is to be obs]v$1 h[ev]1 t ev5 :5 ! spire is mo/ prom95t--z 9 ,li*field1 :]e !re are ?ree ( !m--x is1 :5 comp>$ ) ! :ole build+1 only z x 7 an accid5tal escape & wa/e ( ! va/ curr5t ( v]tical =ce express$ by ! entire mass ( ! build+4 ,p]haps ! mo/ expressive treatm5t ( ! t[] is 9 ! innum]able examples 9 :i* only a v small proportion ( its v]tical =ce is p]mitt$ to escape 9 f\r or m p9nacles1 "o ( :i* is (t5 l>g] ?an ! o!rs4 ,spires & p9nacles are 9 mo/ cases cov]$ ) l9es ( 8crockets03 figures 9 :i* asc5d+ p[] is usually express$ by ! upw>d gr[? ( a leaf2 :i* is emphasis$ by "s *eck1 made app>5t to ! eye by a /rong bulge1 l t ( a curr5t fl[+ ov] a /one4 ,:]ev] ! idea ( weight or side-?ru/ w\ld occur naturally to ! eye--z 9 buttresses1 l[] angles ( gables1 etc4--!re is an especial outbur/ ( flam+ f9ial or p9nacle1 or o!r mode ( contradict+ & rev]s+ ! idea1 :i* ! ,greek ar*itect w\ld h be5 cont5t$ ) accept+ & beautify+4 ,let u n[ ent] ! *ur*1 :i* is1 )9 z well z )\t1 a great geys] ( asc5d+ life2 :i* may inde$ lose itself 9 ! dimness ( ! vault$ ro(1 z ! spire loses itself 9 air1 b nev] %[s we>9ess ( its flight or a memory ( ! e>? f :i* x />t$4 ,z 9 ,egyptian & ,greek ar*itecture1 s 9 ! ,go?ic1 we mu/ look to ! column = ! /ronge/ expression ( ! *>act]is+ idea4 ,! ,egyptian column suff]$ & seem$ half-cru%$ "u ! weight x bore2 ! ,greek rose to its bur!n ) ! glad assurance ( be+ fully adequate to its task4 ,! ,go?ic is consci\s ( no task at all2 b flies1 )\t ! lea/ dim9ution ( its sub/ance1 & )\t swell+ ei!r "u suff]ance or ga!r+ ( /r5g? by entasis at any p>ticul> po9t1 to ! comm5cem5t ( ! ar*2 :]e x divides itself1 s5d+ up ! /reams ( its clu/]$ %afts1 "s into ! l9es ( ! ar* & o!rs to ! top ( ! cl]e/ory wall2 !n divid+ aga9 to foll[ ! l9es ( ! vault+1 !re to meet l f+]s jo9$ 9 pray]1 b /ill hav+ no ?\ght ( ! weight ( ! ro( !y really help to c>ry4 ,mr4 ,rusk9 compla9s ( ,go?ic capitals--z he might also h done ( ,go?ic bases--t !y are unnecess>y & ridicul\s because !y h no be>+ p[]4 ,if !y _h1 !y w\ld cease to be ,go?ic1 & ! :ole "* ( ! wond]ful art w\ld be ru9$4 ,capitals are sometimes entirely omitt$1 z 9 ! %aft$ pi]s ( ,cologne2 b :5 ?is is ! case ! po9t at :i* ! ar* spr+s becomes d\btful to ! eye1 & !re is some?+ exhau/+ 9 ! :olly un9t]rupt$ flight ( ! v]tical l9es4 ,! capitals1 l ! horizontal a/ragal :i* (t5 b9ds at int]vals ! clu/]$ column1 h no o!r purpose b to correct ^! effects ( unreliev$ cont9uity2 & ! m\ld+s ( capitals1 :5 !y exi/1 n only h no & express no 8be>+-p[]10 b !y v c>efully express ! contr>y by v>i\s devices ( und]cutt+1 etc4 ,x is ! same ) ! base1 :5 x is n altoge!r disp5s$ )4 ,! mo/ common =m ( ,go?ic base is a curi\s c>icature ( ! ,attic base1 ! =m ( :i* _h be5 transmitt$ unimpair$ to ! ,go?ic ar*itect ?r\gh ! ,romanesque & ,norman4 ,x 0 p]*$ ^u & ov]hung a /ilt$ pl9?1 :i* 0 itself a rev]sal ( ! expression ( elem5t>y support 9 ! orig9al flat pl9?2 & ! curves ( ?is base 7 s dim9i%$ 9 "o "p & exagg]at$ 9 ano!r t all ref]5ce to support+ p[] seem$ to be d]isively aboli%$4 ,! 8ogee0 is a m\ld+ :i* /rongly expresses c>ry+ p[]4 ,a fav\rite ,go?ic base 0 two rev]s$ ogees1 ! l[] project+ f> ov] ! edge ( ! pl9?1 :i*1 9 classic ar*itecture1 always af=d$ a wide-spread+ field = ! base4 ,& s on4 ,x w\ld take a bulky volume to trace ! wond]ful integrity ) :i* ! ?ree modes ( envisag+ ! idea ( weight are c>ri$ out 9 ! ?ree great ar*itectures2 b en\gh has be5 said to give ! clue by :i* a fairly cultivat$ & p]ceptive /ud5t may foll[ up ! subject = himself4 ,v ,be=e proce$+ to consid] ! ,norman & ,moresque /yles1 a ^w %\ld be said ab\t t portion ( ,go?ic decoration :i* does n directly help ! ma9 effect ( aspiration--namely1 cusp$ & foliat$ trac]y1 diap]-"w1 ! foliage ( sp&rels1 etc4 etc4 ,kugl] says3 8,?is fill+-9 appe>s z a peculi> sort ( ar*itecture ( indep5d5t signification40 ,he does n1 h[ev]1 give ! int]pretation :i* he sees to be requir$4 ,yet !re is an int]pretation :i* only ne$s to be put 9 words to be obvi\s to e eye :i* has made itself famili> ) ^! objects4 ,9 exact proportion to ! recognis$ p]fection ( ^! details1 z x 0 atta9$ 9 ! middle or 8decorat$0 p]iod ( po9t$ ar*itecture1 !y become expressions ( an idea almo/ id5tical ) t :i* has be5 trac$ 9 ! mode by :i* cont5t$ susp5sion or delay ( ! inf9itely aspir+ "* 9 ! ma9 l9es ( ! build+ is convey$4 ,z ! inexhau/ible torr5t ( upw>d life is *eck$ peacefully1 b ) no d5ial ( inf9ite pot5tial aspiration1 9 ! squ>e-head$ t[]1 s ! same reconciliation ( life ) law )\t ! lea/ detrim5t to ei!r--t reconciliation :i* is ! consummation ( ,*ri/ianity--is express$ ev5 m completely 9 ! m ess5tially decorative details ( po9t$ ar*itecture4 ,x is 9 ! treatm5t ( foliage t ?is "* c be mo/ easily trac$1 & ?is c be done be/ by comp>+ x ) o!r modes ( treatm5t4 ,by ! ,greek ar*itect ?is & o!r natural objects1 :5 want$ = ornam5t1 7 :at is call$ 8conv5tionalis$02 honeysuckles1 roses1 & waves ( ! sea 7 repres5t$ by c]ta9 =mal figures :i* suit$ ! l9es ( ! ar*itecture1 & 7 n too mu* l nature to attract att5tion f ^? all-important l9es to !mselves4 ,9 ! ,italian ,go?ic1 aga91 su* natural objects are repres5t$ z ne>ly z possible l nature1 b ) su* slight modifications & arrangem5ts z 7 necess>y to give !m ! consci\sness ( art4 ,?is is ! sort ( imitation :i* ,mr4 ,rusk9 recomm5ds1 & into :i* ! nor!rn ,go?ic fell 9 ! decay ( ! art4 ,b 9 f\rte5?-c5tury ,go?ic--t is to say1 9 ! ,go?ic :i* 0 z mu* sup]ior to t ( ! ?irte5? & fifte5? c5turies z ! art ( ,a!ns 0 sup]ior to t ( ,p/um or ,rome--nature 0 nei!r imitat$ nor conv5tionalis$4 ,! special aim ( ! f\rte5?-c5tury ornam5tation is to %[ a vigor\s life play+ ) p]fect fre$om 9 sev]ely geometrical =ms--) fre$om s p]fect t x is difficult to say :e!r ! life %apes ! law or ! law ! life4 ,?is highly & ess5tially symbolic "* is ! mo/ m>k$ expression ( ,go?ic trac]y4 ,9 its decay x took ! =m ( lic5ce & weakness 9 ! ,fr5* 8flamboyant10 & ( h>dness & rigidity 9 ! ,engli% 8p]p5dicul>02 ! life prevail+--to its own de/ruction--9 ! "o1 ! lifeless law prepond]at+ 9 ! o!r4 ,go?ic foliage1 aga91 always feels ! law2 ?\gh1 s f> f suff]+ !reby1 x is1 9 its place1 f> m beautiful ?an nature4 ,! leafage n only foll[s geometrical outl9es1 b swells "u its limitation into ri* protub]ances4 ,! ye>n+ = & pot5tiality ( inf9ite asc5sion1 peacefully accept+ its temporal limitations1 & ! fre$om ( life p]fect$ by law1 are ! arti/ic motives ( e detail z well z ( ! ma9 masses ( pure ,go?ic4 ,! ,romano-,byzant9e /yle atta9$ 9 its f9al developm5t1 ! 8,norman10 to ! unity ( idea :i* is ! crit]ion ( a true /yle4 ,! ar* up to ?is "t _h be5 treat$ p>tly z a ?+ ( beauty 9 itself & p>tly z ! con/ructive !me2 9 ! ,norman x took its place1 expressionally1 z subord9ate to ! wall1 ! mass ( :i* x c>ries & di/ributes betwe5 ! pi]s4 ,! wall itself is ! arti/ic !me ( ,norman ar*itecture1 & all decorative & "s con/ructional features are devot$ to mak+ a boa/ ( its mass & ?ickness4 ,weight--! !me 9 ! ?ree highly contra/$ modes ( ! ,egyptian1 ,greek1 & ,po9t$ ar*itectures--plays no "p 9 ! ,norman expression4 ,! ar*1 be+ recognis$ by ! eye = :at x is1 an inf9itely p[]ful support]1 c express no proportion to f9ite sup]9cumb5t weight2 & x is treat$ z a m]e head to ! gap 9 ! wall betwe5 nave & aisle4 ,! expressional int5tion ( ! ,norman ar*itects 9 ?is matt] is curi\sly & decisively prov$ by ! fact t _! fav\rite ar*-m\ld+s 7 ! billet & *evron--i4e4 l9es ( not*es & angles :i* completely broke up all idea ( ar*-"* z ref]able to support+ p[] or to weight di/ribut$ on to ! pi]s1 & transf]r$ ! int]e/ ( ! eye to ! mat]ial sub/ance ( ! wall out ( :i* ^! figures 7 cut4 ,! pi]s betwe5 ^! ar*es 7 huge masses ( wall1 ei!r quadrangul> or turn$ into great cyl9d]s1 )\t entasis or any o!r sign ( hav+ to be> any?+2 & su* decoration z !y _h 0 devis$ s z to d5y emphatically any ref]5ce to sup]impos$ bur!n4 ,! figure ( ! weight-c>ry+ %aft set 9 ! angles ( ^! pi]s 0 _! pr9cipal decoration2 b !y 7 ,lilliputian mock]ies ( ! ,attic %aft1 or 7 twi/$ s+ly or d\bly1 & 9 v>i\s o!r ways ridicul$1 z x 71 ! idea t %aft-p[] 0 dem&$ 9 ! huge masses ( masonry to :i* !y 7 atta*$4 ,! only ?+ t ^! little %afts--:e!r 9 not* ( pi] or 9 recess ( por*1 bl9d arcade1 or w9d[--ev] c>ri$ or appe>$ to c>ry 0 a s+le l9e ( ! (t5 innum]able m\ld+s1 ! purpose ( :i* 0 simply to display ! imm5se ?ickness ( ! wall1 :i* 0 ! true & only !me ( ?is /yle4 ,?is sy/em ( emphasis+ ! wall by negativ+ ! %aft-p[] 0 occasionally c>ri$ into ! almo/ grotesque excess ( repres5t+ ! %aft z brok5 9 ! middle6 ,! fav\rite treatm5t ( ! ,norman wall 0 to boa/ ( its ?ickness exactly z ! ,doric %aft boa/$ ( its support+ p[]--t is1 by ?r[+ away "s portion ( x4 ,! face ( ! wall 0 recess$ 9 panels1 :i* 7 (t5 fill$ ) bl9d arcades4 ,mod]n build]s (t5 recess walls 9 ?is way 9 ord] to save mat]ial1 leav+ ! wall ?icke/ :]e x has mo/ "w to d2 b ! ,norman & ,lomb>d ar*itects _h no su* economy 9 view4 ,! w9d[s & o!r ap]tures 9 ! wall %[$1 by _! %aft$ & m\ld$ *amf]s1 ! reality ( ?ickness s great t ! panell+ & blank arcad+ 0 se5 to be no sacrifice1 ?\gh x 0 a delicate & effective sugge/ion ( "o4 ,?is arcad$ panell+ is n only on "o plane ( ! wall-surface4 ,! recess$ plane is aga9 recess$ 9 ! same way1 & yet aga91 arcade )9 arcade2 & f9ally1 9 ! high] portions ( ! wall1 op5 gall]ies are work$ 9 its ?ickness4 ,9 ap]tures ! con/ructive rule :i* requires t ! bevel or *amf] %\ld slant inw>ds1 to give ! bett] light1 is sacrific$ to ! opportunity ( %[+ ! mass ( ! wall2 & ! *amf] is ext]nal1 & is s treat$ 9 its decoration z to increase 9 e possible way ! appe>ance ( ?ickness4 ,! treatm5t ( ! doorway1 :i* is ! po9t f :i* ! expressional idea may be be/ en=c$ ^u e behold]1 is v peculi>4 ,:5 !re is no advanc$ por*1 a deep ar* is practis$ ?r\gh a great "p ( ! wall1 & ! ?ickness is emphasis$ by an elaborate p]spective ( %afts & m\ld+s4 ,)9 ?is deeply recess$ ar* ! actual doorway is (t5 work$ z a horizontal-head$ ap]ture 9 a plane face ( wall )\t *amf]2 ! rema9+ ?ickness ( ! wall1 n %[n by ! recess$ ar*1 be+ ?us left to be measur$ by ! imag9ation1 :i* has already be5 excit$ by ! display ( ?ickness )9 ?ickness ( decorat$ ar*way4 ,! ,norman ar*itects1 9 ord] /ill fur!r to increase ?is effect1 _h sometimes rec\rse to a device t c sc>cely be ju/ifi$ by /rict ar*itectural pr9ciples1 :i* %\ld nev] falsify con/ruction 9 ord] to height5 expression4 ,a face ( wall 0 advanc$ 9 front ( ! ma9 wall ( ! build+1 9 ord] to obta9 a mu* great] dep? ( masonry = %[+ (f ! multitud9\sly m\ld$ entrance-ar*4 ,?is projection did n =m a real advanc$ por*1 hav+ its prop] ecclesia/ical purposes1 b 0 no?+ b a boa/ & display ( mass 9 ! masonry :i* really _h no exi/5ce1 ! advanc$ face ( wall conceal+ ! fact t !re 0 only mass en\gh beh9d x to all[ ( ?is mislead+ display4 ,x may be said t ! ,go?ic spire is con/ruct$ simply = display4 ,x is q true2 b x is av[$ly s con/ruct$1 & !re 0 no concealm5t ab\t x4 ,mr4 ,rusk91 by ! way1 /rangely affirms t 8! direct symbolisation ( a s5tim5t is a weak motive ) all m502 inf]r+ !nce t !re 0 no int5tion ( aspiration 9 ! ,po9t$ ar*itecture :i* he c>es s little =4 ,b surely ! rev]se is ! case2 & su* symbolisation1 9 "o way or o!r1 con/itutes a great "p ( ! life ( all m54 ,! ,go?ic spire1 :i* 0 ! mo/ co/ly z well z ! mo/ useless feature ( ! ,go?ic ca!dral1 is a f9al answ] to su* doctr9e1 :i* /rikes inde$ at ! life ( all arti/ic "w4 ,if x did n 8symbolise a s5tim5t10 :at 0 done by x8 ,! r\nd ar*1 :i* 0 ! accid5t ( ! ,norman ar*itecture1 be+ treat$ !re9 z a m]e cav]n\s gap 9 masses (1 9 !mselves1 all-suffici5t masonry1 01 z x has be5 already said1 adopt$ by ! ,byzant9e ar*itects z ! pr9cipal !me ( _! art2 b ?is ar* c\ld be made no?+ (1 z ! ma9 s\rce ( expression1 until x develop$ ! dome2 & ! dome1 z x prov$1 c\ld n be made mu* (1 until ! ,moresque build]s took x 9 h&4 ,x _h ! fatal defect1 :5 on a l>ge scale1 ( lat]al ?ru/1 :i* c\ld only be met by a con/ruction :i* _h ! d\ble defect ( positive & negative falsehood4 ,! domes ( ,/4 ,sophia & ,/4 ,vitale1 :i* ! eye naturally presumes to be ( "o mass or sub/ance ) ! sub/ructure1 are really =m$1 = lightness1 ( ,rhodian bricks1 pumice-/one1 & coils ( empty j>s2 & yet ! lat]al ?ru/ is s great t x has to be oppos$ by a va/ buttress-sy/em1 :i* is c>efully conceal$1 because x w\ld contradict1 if expos$1 ! inevitable effect ( extreme lightness 9 ! dome4 ,! ,r5aissance ar*itects f\nd !mselves equally at a loss1 z we "k1 9 deal+ ) ?is feature4 ,bo? 9 ,/4 ,pet]'s & ,/4 ,paul's !re is n "o b two entirely sep>ate domes4 ,& :5 all is done ! ,byzant9e & ,r5aissance domes are no?+ to ! eye b holl[ %ells1 ) no special arti/ic expression4 ,! ,moresque ar*itects hit ^u ! a/oni%+ fancy ( giv+ ! dome sub/ance1 & !reby reconcil+ x ) ! con/ructive masses :i* support$ & abutt$ ^u x1 & at ! same "t annihilat+ ! idea ( weight4 ,?is la/ idea already lurk$ 9 ! ,byzant9e domes ( ,/4 ,sophia1 :i* seem to be c>ri$ :olly by 8p5d5tives10 & n at all by ! pi]s to :i* ^! are atta*$4 ,b x only lurk$ !re92 = ! eye necess>ily inf]r$ ! imm5se lat]al weight :i* pi]s & walls receiv$4 ,n[ ! honeycomb$ domes ( ! ,moresque ar*itecture are multipli$ masses ( p5d5tive =ms hang+ actually 9 air1 & mak+ x impossible = ! eye to ent]ta9 any idea ( lat]al ?ru/ 9 ! :ole or any "p2 & e detail ( column1 wall1 & ar* corroborates ?is fanciful negation ( weight s p]fectly t1 = unity ( effect1 ! ,attic ar*itecture rema9s ! only rival ( ! ,moresque1 ?\gh !re is ?is inf9ite diff]5ce betwe5 !m3 t1 :]eas ! fir/ appeals to ! imag9ation & symbolises ! ,greek ideal ( m5tal & moral equilibrium 9 =ms ( true con/ruction1 ! latt] only excites ! fancy by a fairy tale4 ,! :ole c>ry+ & resi/+ p[] ( ! ar* is flung away by conf]r+ ^u x outl9es :i* h no su* p[] 7! real c>ry+ ar* be+ hidd5 9 ! wall f> outside ! visible ar*73 ! ar*es 9 colonnades1 etc41 seldom re/ on1 b simply abut aga9/1 ! columns1 :i* usually c>ry broad p]p5dicul> beams1 ^! be+ cross$ above ! ar*-head by simil> horizontal beams2 s t !re is only a small rectangul> space ( wall ov] ea* ar*1 & ! idea ( ! weight ( ?is be+ c>ri$ by ! ar* is contradict$ by a network ( b>s c>ry+ ! l9es ( ! wall into ! upright beams4 ,:5 a s+le ar* is set 9 a wall1 x is simil>ly fram$ 9 fretwork1 ! l9es ( :i* c>ry ! eye (f ! ar* )\t be+ pron\nc$ en\gh to convey ! idea t ! =ce ( ! wall is ?us conduct$ lat]ally to "s support outside ! ar*4 ,x is impossible1 9 ! space :i* c "h be giv5 to ! matt]1 to notice "o 9 a score ( ! details :i* comb9e to produce ! effect ) :i* e "o is famili>4 ,! purpose ( ^! pap]s w h be5 answ]$ if ! vivify+ ?\ght ( ea* ( ! five ar*itectures :i* alone are integral /yles1 & n mixtures ( /yles1 has be5 /at$ cle>ly1 & su* h9ts ( ! means by :i* su* ?\ght is convey$ h be5 giv5 z w enable ^? :o c>e to g fur!r into ! subject to d ! re/ ( ! analysis by !mselves4 ,,xxv ,,?\ghts ,,on ,,k1 ,,op9ion1 ,,& ,,inequality ,"s le>n$ m5 h ma9ta9$ t we c "k no?+4 ,! tru? is bett] /at$ by ,/4 ,paul3 8,if a man ?9ks t he kn[s any?+1 he kn[s no?+ z he ought10 t is no?+ o!r ?an imp]fectly4 ,x is ! m difficult to deal sy/ematically ) ?is matt]1 because we want1 9 our tongue1 words ( su* relative mean+ z scire1 cognosc]e1 intellig]e1 etc4 ,i propose only to run toge!r a few su* obs]vations z simple good s5se c make1 & accept1 & f9d use =4 ,a great & increas+ proportion ( p]sons w\ld1 if y ask$ !m1 ma9ta9 t all convictions are m]ely op9ions4 ,b x is n s4 ,a fool may op9e absolutely t a wise man is a fool1 b ! wise man kn[s t ! fool is "o4 ,! same or opposite conclusions1 political or o!rwise1 may be arriv$ at by two p]sons f a view ( ! same facts1 & ea* may be equally confid5t2 b ! conclusions ( "o may be k1 & ^? ( ! o!r op9ion4 ,! reality ( ! diff]5ce is indicat$ by ! diff]5ce ( ! feel+s :i* commonly subsi/ betwe5 ^? :o op9e & ^? :o "k4 ,^? :o op9e hate ^? :o "k1 & :o speak z ^? :o "k4 ,!y ?9k x an assumption ( sup]iority1 :]eas x is only its reality1 & _c b appe> m or less 9 its mann] ( expression4 ,^? :o "k1 are only contemptu\s or indiff]5t t[>ds su* z impud5tly or ignorantly op9e4 ,! consequ5ce is t ! k :i* is wisdom is n[h]e1 z an ackn[l$g$ =ce & factor 9 worldly affairs1 & is only able to ass]t itself sub rosa1 or by accid5t1 or by ! m or less und]h& managem5t ( folly & ignorance4 ,:at mo/ p call 8deep & e>ne/ convictions0 on political & social topics are g5]ally muddle-head$ m$leys ( k ( fact & op9ion4 ,!y "k t su* & su* a ?+ is an evil1 & !y op9e t !y see a way to am5d x2 & if wis] p po9t out to !m t ! evil w\ld n be s am5d$1 or t great] evils w\ld accrue f ! attempt1 !y only feel t _! 8convictions0 are affront$ & oppos$ by cold-blood$ calculations4 ,?is k9d ( op9ion is (t5 z confid5t z actual k4 ,:5 ,c>lyle said t x 0 impossible to believe a lie1 he c only h meant t x 0 impossible to believe x ) t highe/ k9d ( c]titude :i* consi/s 9 intellectual p]ception4 ,probably no "o c\ld believe a lie ) t degree ( fai? :i* w\ld enable him to suff] delib]ate m>tyrdom = x4 ,prote/ant & ,ca?olic m>tyrs h usually be5 suff]]s = "o & ! same fai?1 or1 at lea/1 p>ts ( ! same fai?1 9 :i* p>ts !y h consid]$ ! :ole to be involv$4 ,v few1 if any1 h ev] c>ri$ ! c\rage ( m]e 8op9ions0 to ! /ake4 ,!re c be no absolute c]titude ab\t ! impressions ( ! s5ses or ! inf]5ces drawn f !m4 ,!re c be ab\t moral & spiritual ?+s4 ,! knave may s9c]ely op9e t x is be/ = 8 int]e/s to lie & *eat2 b ! hone/ man kn[s t he is a be+ ^: int]e/s are above all ext]nal cont+5cies1 & t "u c]ta9 circum/ances x w\ld be madness to behave o!rwise ?an 9 a way :i* w\ld be directly oppos$ to e argum5t & p]suasion ( ! s5ses4 ,x is only ! m9d ( ! mo/ highly 8sci5tific0 con/itution t w h its confid5ce 9 k ( ?is k9d tri$ by consid]ations ( its moral & intellectual obligations to ,hott5tots & ,au/ralian aborig9es4 8,we c live 9 h\ses )\t be+ ar*itects02 & we c "k1 )\t kn[+ or c>+ to "k h[ we came by our k4 ,! h\se ( ! gods has la/$ intact s9ce ,abraham & ,hesiod1 & %[s no sign yet ( tumbl+ ab\t our e>s4 ,! faculty ( kn[+1 z diff]+ f t ( op9+1 seems1 z might be expect$ f :at has be5 said1 to h z mu* to d ) ! "* ( ! w z ( ! m9d4 ,to be hone/1 ,%akespe>e tells u1 is to be "o 9 t5 ?\s&2 & to disc]n intellectually1 or to "k1 is a "p1 & a v great "p1 ( hone/y4 ,a man may h le>n$ a doz5 languages1 & h ! :ole circle ( ! sci5ces at 8 f+]s' ends1 & may "k no?+ wor?y ( be+ call$ k2 inde$1 !re is no?+ :i* seems to be a great] h9drance to ! acquisition ( liv+ k ?an an engross+ devotion to ! acquisition ( words1 facts1 logical me?ods1 & natural laws4 ,x requires little le>n+ to make a wise or truly kn[+ man1 b mu* le>n+ may n impossibly spoil "o4 ,mr4 ,mat!w ,arnold has said t a ?or\gh classical education has (t5 ! same effects on a man's "* z a grave exp]i5ce4 ,! reason is t x is a grave exp]i5ce1 a long s]ies ( small ex]cises ( hone/y1 pati5ce1 & self-sacrifice1 ! sum ( :i* is equal to a great & s\l-sob]+ calamity4 ,! au?or ( ! ,imitation notes a k9dr$ fact :5 he says1 8,no man c "k any?+ till he is tri$40 ,n only is ! discipl9e ( su* an education1 :i*1 9 its e>ly /age at lea/ has mu* 9 x t is repugnant & compulsory1 fitt$ to qualify ! "* = ! reception ( true k1 b x conveys also1 9 an em95t degree1 ! matt] ( true k4 ,)\t any disrespect to ,mr4 ,huxley1 ,mr4 ,h]b]t ,sp5c]1 & ,pr(essor ,max ,mll]1 we may affirm t ! man :o knew ,plato1 ,hom]1 & s*ylus rightly1 & knew little else1 w\ld "k f> m ?an he :o knew all t ^! great sci5ti/s c\ld tea*1 & knew no?+ else4 ,! man :o kn[s1 (t5 f9ds himself at great disadvantage 9 ! pres5ce ( fact-ga!r]s & p]sons :o op9e4 ,8 attitude is necess>ily affirmative1 & (t51 to ! great sc&al & contempt ( 8 adv]s>ies1 simply affirmative4 ,x does n ent] into 8 calculations to h actively to def5d a position :i* he sees to be impregnable2 & :5 he leaves 8 prop] occupation ( 8climb+ trees 9 ! ,hesp]ides0 to wield 8 club aga9/ ^? :o "k ( no su* trees1 he is l a ,h]cules fight+ mosquitoes4 ,!y _c ev5 see 8 club1 & ! conflict g5]ally ends1 z did t betwe5 ! ,lady & ,comus1 ) an angry & :olly unconv9c+ ass]tion ( incompet5ce4 ,fa9 w\ld ,i some?+ say1 yet to :at end8 ,?\ ha/ nor e>1 nor s\l to appreh5d ,! sublime notion & high my/]y ,t mu/ be utt]'d to unfold ! sage ,& s]i\s doctr9e ( virg9ity4 ,& ?\ art wor?y t ?\ %\ld'/ n "k ,m happ9ess ?an is ?y pres5t lot4 ,enjoy y\r de> wit & gay rhetoric1 ,t ha? s well be5 taught h] dazzl+ f5ce2 ,?\ art n fit to he> ?yself conv9c$4 ,wordswor?1 9 a /ill great] passion1 calls 8 sci5tific adv]s>y 8a f+]+ slave40 ,( c\rse ?is sort ( ?+ t5ds to make ! relations ( ! p>ties unpleasant2 & 9 ! eyes ( ! _w ! man ( imm5se 8in=mation0 & conv9c$ ignorance goes (f ) ! laurels4 ,metaphysics = ! mo/ "p is ju/ly op5 to ! objection t x attempts to expla9 ?+s :i* ,ari/otle decl>es to be too simple to be intelligible--?+s :i* we _c see ) def9it5ess1 n because !y are beyond ! focus ( ! m9d's eye1 b because !y are too mu* )9 x4 ,! metaphysician ,hegel says t ! s5se ( hon\r arises f our consci\sness ( inf9ite p]sonal value4 ,?is may n be :olly satisfactory1 b x is helpful2 x is a "p ( ! tru?4 ,b :at d physici/s make ( su* ?+s z hon\r & *a/ity8 ,!y c]ta9ly endeav\r to expla9 su* ideas & feel+s z !y d ev]y?+ else1 b _! explanations necess>ily discr$it ^! & all o!r ?+s :i* pr(ess to h 8inf9ite value10 & :i* wise m5 "k to h inf9ite value4 ,! k :i* c be made common to all1 is a f\ndation ^u :i* a c]ta9 increas+ s*ool1 f9d+ popul> 8op9ion0 too s&y1 is endeav\r+ to build up a new /ate ( ?+s1 religi\s1 moral1 political1 & social4 ,?is k9d ( 8positivism10 :i* claims = its sanction ! common1 t is to say1 ! l[e/ exp]i5ce ( mank9d1 is & always has be5 ! religion ( ! vulg>1 to :atev] class !y belong4 ,! gr[? ( an unconsci\s & undogmatic positivism among ! p at l>ge is p]haps ! mo/ notable fact ( ! "t4 ,x %[s itself n only 9 an increas+ impati5ce ( ! notion t !re is any reality :i* _c be se5 & felt1 b 9 an intol]ance ev5 ( any exp]i5ce :i* is n1 or _c imm$iately be made1 ! exp]i5ce ( all4 ,z bo>ds & committees prov]bially h to "w on ! level ( ! lea/ wise ( _! memb]s1 s ! ideal p]fection ( ?is positivism w\ld be gov]nm5t by ! insight ( ! greate/ dund]head1 s9ce 8 exp]i5ces & p]ceptions alone w\ld be suffici5tly communicable to h ! "* ( univ]sality4 ,"u su* ideal conditions1 e reality t makes life human w\ld be completely elim9at$4 ,a man :o %\ld be detect$ 9 secretly ent]ta9+ pr9ciples ( ab/ract hon\r1 or try+ to =m 8 life ^u ! patt]n ( a beauty unkn[n to ! ar*-dund]head1 w\ld f>e z x f>$ 9 ,a!ns ) ! man :o d>$ to cr[n 8 h\se ) a p$im5t2 & ve/ries1 consi/+ ( ! prophets ( commonplace & popul> exp]i5ce1 w\ld vote ev]y?+ 9 pa9t+ & poetry to be 8bo%0 :i* %\ld be m esot]ic 9 "* ?an ,fri?'s 8,railway ,/ation0 or ,m>t9 ,tupp]'s ,prov]bial ,philosophy4 ,sci5ce has already come v g5]ally to mean1 n t :i* may be kn[n1 b only su* k z e animal ) faculties a little above ^? ( an ant or a beav] c be induc$ to admit4 ,incommunicable k1 or k :i* c be communicat$ at pres5t only to a portion--p]haps a small portion--( mank9d1 is already affirm$ to be no k at all4 ,a man :o kn[s & acts up to 8 k t x is bett] to suff] or inflict any extremity ( temporal evil1 r ?an lie or *eat1 ?\gh he may n be able to give any univ]sally intelligible acc\nt ( 8 k1 is already beg9n+ to be look$ ^u z a prig or a fanatic2 & *a/ity is already widely decl>$ to be "o ( ! 8dead virtues10 & m>riage only legalis$ =nication1 because 8! sublime notion & high my/]y t mu/ be utt]$ to unfold ! sage & s]i\s doctr9e0 ( purity mu/ be tak51 if tak5 at all by ! _m1 ^u tru/4 ,! pure & simple ideal ( life f\nd$ ^u facts ( univ]sal exp]i5ce is1 h[ev]1 too base ev] to be p]fectly atta9$ 9 ?is _w4 ,!re w always be a l+]+ suspicion ) _m t "s h p[]s ( disc]nm5t & an exp]i5ce :i* are n grant$ to all2 !re w always be hidd5 h]etics :o w believe t !re are realities :i* _c be se5 or t\*$ by ! natural eye or h&1 or ev5 by ! rational p]ception ( ! _m2 & ! pres5t d[nw>d t5d5cy may p]haps be *eck$1 or at lea/ delay$1 by recall+ to ! m9ds ( m5 t1 z yet1 we are all liv+ m or less by fai? 9 ! bett] k ( ! few1 & by rem9d+ !m ( t abyss t[>ds :i* a new /ep is tak5 :5ev] any item ( t k is d5i$1 9 ord] to wid5 ! f\ndations ( ! ?rone ( popul> exp]i5ce4 ,! religion ( univ]sal exp]i5ce mu/ ( c\rse beg91 z ! dogmatic positivi/ insi/s1 9 ! d5ial ( ,god1 or1 :at is exactly equival5t1 9 ! ass]tion t1 if ,god exi/s1 ,he is altoge!r unkn[able & remov$ f ! practical int]e/s ( life4 ,n[1 let x be rememb]$ t = a man to d5y t ,god c be kn[n is q a diff]5t ?+ f 8 n be+ able to affirm1 f positive k1 ! rev]se4 ,a v small m9ority ( mank9d1 b a m9ority :i* includes almo/ all :o h atta9$ ! highe/ peaks ( h]oic virtue1 & _m :o h be5 no less em95t = p[] ( intellect & practical wisdom1 h decl>$ t1 to !m at lea/1 ,god is kn[able1 communicable )1 & p]sonally disc]nible ) a c]ta9ty :i* exce$s all o!r c]ta9ties2 & !y h fur!r affirm$ t ?is k comes & c only come f a man's putt+ himself en rapport ) ! ,div9ity by an1 9 ! beg9n+1 m or less exp]im5tal fai?1 & by a con=mity to ! dictates ( ! highe/ consci5ce1 s p]fect z to involve1 = a consid]able p]iod at lea/1 labori\s & pa9ful self-d5ial4 ,n[ x w\ld be plac+ oneself ^u a level ) su* ass]tors ( ! highe/ k to say t "o kn[s t ^! decl>ations are true1 h[ev] /rong ! presumption ( _! tru? may appe>2 b x is simply vulg> & brutal impud5ce = any "o to ass]t positively t !y are untru?s or illusions1 m]ely because 8 own exp]i5ce & t ( 8 pot-companions conta9s no?+ :i* gives ! lea/ clue to _! mean+4 ,! r$uctio ad absurdum becomes complete :5 ! same argum5t is c>ri$ into regions ( m ext5d$ exp]i5ce4 ,a drunk5 b>geman has exactly ! same "r to d5y ! reality ( ! ass]t$ exp]i5ces ( a ,petr>* or a ,wordswor? z ^! w\ld h to d5y ^? ( ! sa9t or ! apo/le2 & to desc5d a few /eps f>!r1 ! amateur ( abom9able delights & ! violator ( natural relation%ips w\ld ju/ly1 ^u ! wide/ exp]im5tal gr\nds1 claim exemption f a condemnation *iefly f\nd$ ^u an obscure p]ception & an intuitive horror ( :i* he = 8 "p _h no exp]i5ce4 ,popul> positivism w1 h[ev]1 always /op %ort ( ! l5g? to :i* ! doctr9es ( its prophets w\ld lead x1 & w1 f "t to "t1 be beat5 back into ! pa?s ( ! positivism ( ! nobl] few on :i* all virtue & religion are f\nd$1 by f9d+ itself 9 contact ) ! trem5d\s p>adox1 t ! mo/ univ]sally b5eficial & admir$ fruits ( civilisation are & always h be5 ga!r$ f trees ( :i* ! roots are :olly out ( common view4 ,! h]oes !mselves ( ! p w always refute popul> exp]i5ce bett] ?an any philosoph] c4 ,?\gh a ,glad/one may dazzle !m = a day by inve/+ ) a fatu\s glam\r ! pr9ciples & platitudes ) :i* ! vulg> are famili>1 x is to a ,gordon1 ) inimitable c\rage & hon\r1 ! obvi\s outcome ( un9telligible ?\ghts & exp]i5ces1 t !y w look ) abid+ rev]5ce1 & an elevat+ in/9ct t su* m5 habitually move ab\t 9 worlds by !m unrealis$4 ,! imm5se & unalt]able inequalities 9 ! kn[+ faculties ( man are ! s\rce & 9 "p ! ju/ification ( t social inequality :i* r\ghly & v p>tially reflects !m4 ,_m o!rwise amiable & cons]vative ?9k]s h1 h[ev]1 made ! mi/ake ( conc$+ t su* inequality is1 ab/ract$ly consid]$1 an evil1 ?\gh a hopelessly incurable "o4 ,cons]vative tea*+ w\ld be mu* m effective ?an x is1 7 x m frequ5tly occupi$ ) prov+ t su* inequality is no evil1 b a v great good = all p>ties4 ,dr4 ,johnson1 :o sometimes let fall1 9 (f-h& talk1 say+s ( su* dep?1 simplicity1 & significance t we mu/ g back to ! philosoph]s ( antiquity to f9d ! l ( !m1 once rem>k$ t 8inequality is ! s\rce ( all delight40 ,?is say+1 :i* mu/ seem surpris+ to mo/ mod]n e>s1 is absolutely true & ev5 demon/rable4 ,all delight--n all pleasure1 :i* is q a diff]5t ?+--w be f\nd1 :5 ?or\ghly exam9$1 to consi/ 9 ! r5d]+ & receiv+ ( love & ! s]vices ( love4 ,h5ce ! great & =tunately inext+ui%able f\nta9s ( delight 9 ! relation%ips ( man & woman & ( p>5ts & *ildr54 ,x is true t a l[ & inorganic =m ( national polity may1 to "s ext5t1 suppress ev5 ^! pure spr+s ( felicity2 b1 s long z !re are wom5 & *ildr5 9 ! _w1 x c nev] become q joyless4 ,! doctr9es ( lib]ty1 frat]nity1 & equality are kn[n in/9ctively only by v bad *ildr51 & mo/ wom51 :5 once !y h be5 9 love1 repudiate su* tea*+ indignantly1 "u :atev] polity !y may h be5 born4 ,betwe5 unequals sweet is equal love2 & ! fact is t !re is no love1 & !re=e no sweetness1 :i* is n ?us condition$2 & ! great] ! inequality ! great] ! sweetness4 ,h5ce ! doctr9e t inf9ite felicity c only arise f ! mutual love ( be+s inf9itely unequal--t is1 ( ! creator & ! creature4 ,inequality1 f> f imply+ any di%on\r on ei!r side ( ! mutual compact ( love1 is ! s\rce ( hon\r to bo?4 ,hook]1 writ+ ( m>riage1 says3 8,x is no small hon\r to a man t a creature s l himself %\ld be subject$ to him02 & we all "k t ! hon\r to woman :i* ! *ivalry ( ! middle ages made an abid+ con/itu5t ( civilisation1 0 f\nd$ ^u ,ca?olic views ( h] subjection1 & ! obligation to give special hon\r1 z ( "r1 to ! weak] vessel4 ,look also at ! relations :i* usually subsi/ betwe5 an h]$it>y g5tleman & 8 h]$it>y unequals & dep5dants1 & comp>e !m ) ! ord9>y frat]nal relations betwe5 a ,radical ma/]-tradesman & 8 workm54 ,! int]c\rse betwe5 ! g5tleman & 8 h9d or lab\r] is free1 *e]ful1 & exhil>at+1 because !re is commonly 9 x ! only equality wor? reg>d+1 t ( goodwill2 :]eas ! comm&s ( ! sug>-boil] or ! screw-mak] to _! bro!rs are probably giv5 ) a fr[n & receiv$ ) a sc[l4 ,social inequality1 s9ce x arises f unalt]able nature & inevitable *ance1 is irritat+ only :5 x is n recognis$4 ,! ,am]ican plutocrat may be =c$ to travel = a week 9 ! company ( a hodman1 because ,am]ican !ories disc\nt5ance fir/ & ?ird class c>riages2 b cat* him speak+ to him6 ,:]eas an ,engli% duke1 if by *ance ?r[n into ! companion%ip ( an hone/ c\ntryman1 w\ld be on ! be/ ( t]ms ) him be=e an h\r 0 ov]1 & ! good und]/&+ betwe5 ! two w\ld be made all ! easi] %\ld ! latt] h on 8 di/+ui%+ smock-frock4 ,! g5u9e ,tory is ! mo/ accessible ( p]sons1 ! g5u9e ,radical ! lea/ s4 ,! "o takes ?+s z !y are & mu/ be1 ! o!r views !m z !y are n & _c be1 &1 kick+ aga9/ imag9>y evils1 (t5 pays ! p5alty ( f9d+ himself firmly saddl$ ) ! realities4 8,"o c live 9 a h\se )\t be+ an ar*itect10 & x is n at all necess>y t ! common p %\ld und]/& ! ,engli% con/itution 9 ord] to feel t _! lives are ! sweet] & nobl] because !y are memb]s ( its liv+ organism4 ,n a pl\ghboy or a milkmaid b w\ld feel1 )\t 9 ! lea/ kn[+ :y1 t a light _h pass$ f _! lives ) ! disappe>ance ( social inequalities1 & ! consequ5t loss ( _! dignity z integral p>ts ( a some:at t 0 great] ?an !mselves4 ,! o!r day1 walk+ 9 a c\ntry lane1 ,i saw :at appe>$ at a little di/ance to be a dy+ animal4 ,on a clos] view x prov$ to be ! c>case ( a %eep :i* _h 9 great measure be5 actually trans=m$ into a mass ( ! s(t1 :ite1 malodor\s grubs kn[n to angl]s by ! "n ( g5tles4 ,! /ruggles ( ^! creatures to get at ! food :i* !y conceal$ produc$ a /rong & regul> pulsation ?r\gh\t ! :ole mass1 & gave x a gha/ly semblance ( brea?+4 ,! ord]$ /ate ( ,engl&1 accord+ to its ideal1 :i* = _m g5]ations has be5 m or less realis$1 comp>$ ) ! sort ( democracy to :i* we are fa/ drift+ & h wellnigh atta9$1 is mu* l ! animal 9 :i* myriads ( individual organs1 n]ves1 ve9s1 tissues1 & cells =m$ subord9at$ p>ts ( "o liv+ ?+1 comp>$ ) ?is pulsat+ mass ( grubs1 ea* "o ( :i* _h no ?\ght b ( its j %>e ( c>rion4 ,democracy is only a cont9ually %ift+ ari/ocracy ( money1 impud5ce1 animal en]gy1 & cunn+1 9 :i* ! be/ grub gets ! be/ ( ! c>rion2 & ! level to :i* x t5ds to br+ all ?+s is n a m\nta9 tablel&1 z its promot]s w\ld h _! victims ?9k1 b ! un:olesome platitude ( ! f5 & ! morass1 ( :i* black envy w\ld enjoy ! mal>ia s long z all o!rs %>$ 9 x4 ,:atev] may be ! pret5ces set =? by ! lead+ advocates ( su* a /ate ( ?+s among u1 x is manife/ en\gh t black envy is ! pr9cipal motive ) _m ( !m1 :o hate ! beauty ( ! ord]$ life1 to be rul+ />s ( :i* !y _c atta91 j z c]ta9 o!rs are said to 8hate ! happy light f :i* !y fell40 ,!y hate h]$it>y hon\rs1 *iefly because !y produce h]$it>y hon\r1 & create a /&>d ( tru? & c\rage = :i* ev5 ! base/ are ! bett] 9 s f> z !y are %am$ by x4 ,d ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 "s may ask1 ju/ify ?is condemnation8 ,!y are b a poor approa* to ! idea ( democracy :i* seems n[ ab\t to be realis$ among u3 b !y h already gone a long way t[>ds ext+ui%+ t la/ glory (1 & n[ be/ sub/itute =1 a g5]ally ext9ct religion--a s5se ( hon\r among ! p4 8,:y1 :at a d]n'd fool y mu/ be60 exclaim$ a ,new ,york %opkeep] to a fri5d ( m9e1 :o _h receiv$ a doll> too mu* 9 *ang+ a note1 & return$ x4 ,if !re is a %opkeep] 9 ,engl& :o w\ld ?9k su* a ?+1 !re is c]ta9ly n "o :o w\ld d>e to say x4 ,nor1 9 los+ sight ( ! s5se ( 8inf9ite p]sonal value10 :i* is ! s\rce ( hon\r & ! gr[? ( a long-endur+ recognition ( inevitable inequalities1 h ! ,am]icans pres]v$ delight4 ,dr4 ,johnson's say+ f9ds a rem>kable comm5t 9 ! obs]vation ( a rec5t ,am]ican travell]3 8,9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates !re is ev]y:]e com=t1 b no joy40 ,to conclude1 x is q possible to *ange ! =ms ( social inequality1 b to d away ) ! fact is ( all ?+s ! mo/ impossible4 ,x is ! trick or ignorance ( ! demagogue to *>ge exi/+ inequalities ) ! evils & inju/ices 9 :i* !y began1 & ) :i* !y 7 att5d$ = a long "t aft]w>ds4 ,:5 conque/ or revolution e/abli%es ! ev]-inevitable political & social inequalities 9 new =ms1 x takes _m g5]ations ( mis]y & turmoil to introduce into !m ! moral equality :i* r5d]s !m n only tol]able1 b ! s\rce ( true fre$om & happ9ess4 ,,! ,,end ,pr9t$ by ,r4 ,r4 ,,cl>k1 ,ed9burgh