,,bayonet ,,training ,,manual ,,used ,,by ,,the ,,british ,,forces ,reprinted from ,,infantry ,,journal ,may1 #aiag ,illustration ,,new ,,york ,d4 ,,van ,,nostrand ,,company ,,military ,,publishers #be ,,park ,,place #aiag ,,copyright1 #aiag ,u4 ,s4 ,,infantry ,,association ,,preface4 ,training in the use of the bayonet is receiving much attention from all the combatant nations in ,europe4 ,the aim of the instruction is twofold3 #a4 ,to develop great alertness of mind1 readiness of muscle1 and habit of quick obedience to command4 #b4 ,to develop fighting spirit4 ,physical drill and bayonet training go hand in hand and their drill periods follow each other4 ,the physical drill consists of calisthenic exercises for fifteen or twenty minutes1 followed by some game or exercise requiring great quickness of movement4 ,to accomplish the aims of this training1 especially the first named above1 it is necessary to execute with snap the movements in the physical drill4 ,the following is from the latest ,british ,training ,manual 7#aiaf71 which is based on their experience1 and the forces are now being trained in accordance therewith4 ,,table ,,of ,,contents ,,chapter ,,page ,i ,,introductory #a ,,ii ,,preliminary ,,bayonet ,,lessons #i ,,iii ,,the ,,tactical ,,application ,,of ,,the ,,bayonet #ce ,,iv ,,tactical ,,principles ,,to ,,be ,,observed ,,during ,,bayonet ,,training #de ,v ,,general ,,instructions ,,for ,,bayonet ,,training ,,practice #ec ,,vi ,,progressive ,,program ,,of ,,instruction #eg ,,vii ,a ,,guide ,,for ,,the ,,trained ,,soldier',s ,,daily ,,practice #fe ,,bayonet ,,training4 ,,chapter ,i ,to attack with the bayonet effectively requires good direction1 strength and quickness during a state of wild excitement and probably physical exhaustion4 ,the limit of the range of a bayonet is about five feet 7measured from the opponent's eyes71 but more often the killing is at close quarters1 at a range of two feet or less1 when troops are struggling corps corps in trenches or darkness4 ,the bayonet is essentially an offensive weapon--go straight at an opponent with the point threatening his throat and deliver a thrust wherever an opening presents itself4 ,if no opening is obvious1 then create one by beating off the opponent's weapon or making a 8feint thrust0 in order to make him uncover himself4 ,hand-to-hand fighting with the bayonet is individual1 which means that a man must think and act for himself and rely on his own resources and skill2 but1 as in games1 he must play as one of a team and not for himself alone4 ,in a bayonet assault all ranks go forward to kill or be killed1 and only those who have developed skill and strength by constant training will be able to kill4 ,the spirit of the bayonet must be inculcated into all ranks1 so that they go forward with that aggressive determination and confidence of superiority1 born of continual practice1 without which a bayonet assault will not be effective4 ,the technical points of bayonet fighting are extremely few and simple3 the essence of bayonet training1 and continuity of practice4 ,an important point to be kept in mind in bayonet training is the development of the individual by teaching him to think and act for himself4 ,the simplest means of attaining this is to make men use their brains and eyes to the fullest extent by carrying out the practices1 so far as possible1 without words of command4 ,this procedure develops individuality and confidence4 ,alertness and rapidity are qualities to be developed also4 ,as technique of bayonet fighting is so simple1 long detail is quite unnecessary and makes the work monotonous4 ,all instructions should be carried out on common-sense lines4 ,it should seldom be necessary to give the detail of a 8thrust0 or 8parry0 more than two or three times1 after which the classes should acquire the correct positions by practice4 ,for this reason1 a drill should rarely last more than thirty minutes4 ,it should be remembered that nothing kills interest so easily as monotony4 ,the spirit of the bayonet is to be inculcated by describing the special features of bayonet and hand-to-hand fighting4 ,the men must learn to practise bayonet fighting in the spirit and with the enthusiasm which animate them when training for their games1 and to look upon their instructor as a trainer and helper4 ,interest in the work is to be created by explaining the reasons for the various positions1 the method of handling the rifle and bayonet1 and the uses of the thrusts4 ,questions should be put to the men to find out whether they understand these reasons4 ,when men realize the object of their work1 they naturally take a greater interest in it4 ,progression in bayonet training is regulated by obtaining3 first1 correct positions and good direction2 then1 quickness4 ,strength is the outcome of continual practice4 ,in order to encourage dash and gradually to strengthen the leg muscles1 from the commencement of their training1 classes should be frequently practised in charging short distances4 ,illustration ,all company officers and noncommissioned officers should be taught how to instruct in bayonet fighting1 in order that they may be able to teach their men in this very important part of a soldier's training4 ,it should have place in all training schedules1 and in all rest periods in war time4 ,sacks for dummies should be filled with vertical layers of straw and thin sods1 leaves1 shavings1 etc41 in such a way as to give the greatest resistance without injury to the bayonet4 ,a realistic effect1 necessitating a strong withdrawal1 as if gripped by a bone1 is obtained by inserting pieces of hard wood1 #a_/d inch thick 7pieces of crating or boxes71 between the stuffing and the sack on the side facing the attacker1 and the grain must be vertical4 ,these sack dummies can be made to stand on end by fixing a wooden cross or star 7two or three pieces of wood about two inches broad and #c_/d inch thick nailed across one another7 in the base of the sack before filling it4 ,they can also be placed with good effect on rough tripods or tied to improvised stools4 ,dummy sacks should be suspended from gallows and weighted or tethered to the ground from the bottom corners4 ,by the use of a little ingenuity an officer can readily represent the torso of an opponent in positions simulating actual conditions4 ,the greatest care should be taken that the object representing the opponent and its support should be incapable of injuring the bayonet or butt4 ,only light sticks 7the parrying stick here referred to is shown in plates7 must be used for parrying practice4 ,the chief causes of injury to the bayonet are3 insufficient instruction in the bayonet training lessons2 failure to withdraw the bayonet clear of the dummy before advancing2 and placing the dummies on hard1 unprepared ground4 ,for practising direction1 there must always be an aiming mark on the dummy4 ,cardboard discs for this purpose are desirable4 ,by continually changing the position of the mark1 the 8life0 of the dummies is considerably prolonged4 ,in the absence of discs1 five or six spots or numbers can be painted on the dummies as marks4 ,,chapter ,,ii ,,preliminary ,,bayonet ,,lessons4 ,intervals and distances will be taken as in ,infantry ,drill ,regulations1 except that in formations for bayonet exercises the men should be at least six paces apart in every direction4 ,classes should always work with bayonets fixed4 ,before requiring soldiers to take a position or execute a movement for the first time1 the instructor shows them the position1 explaining essential points1 and giving the reasons for them4 ,then show the position a second time1 making the class observe each movement1 so that from the very commencement of the bayonet training1 a man is taught to use his eyes and brain4 ,the class is then ordered to assume the position explained and shown4 ,pick out the man who shows the best position and let the class look at and copy him4 ,remember that his position may not be ideal1 but it is more correct than those assumed by the remainder1 who1 being beginners1 cannot distinguish the difference between a good position and an ideal one4 ,many instructors err by trying to get a class of beginners to idealize at once4 ,the recruit course consists of five lessons and the ,final ,assault ,practice4 ,the men should be accustomed to wear the cartridge belt in the training1 and packs may be required to be worn in efficiency tests4 ,for the 8thrust0 and 8parrying0 exercises a light stick1 #e feet to #e feet #f inches long and #c_/d to #a inch in diameter1 must be provided for every two men4 ,illustration ,half an hour a day1 at least five days a week1 should be devoted to the daily practice in bayonet fighting for trained soldiers4 ,by this daily practice accuracy of direction1 quickness1 and strength are developed1 and a soldier is accustomed to using the bayonet under conditions which approximate to actual fighting4 ,this half-hour should be apportioned to 7#a7 thrusting at the body2 7#b7 thrusting at paper balls on light sticks at varying distances and directions2 7#c7 parrying light sticks2 7#d7 dummy work2 and1 when sufficiently proficient1 7#e7 the final assault practice4 ,,lesson ,i4 ,point of the bayonet directed at the base of the opponent's throat1 the rifle held easily and naturally with both hands1 the barrel inclined slightly 7about #cj degrees7 to the left1 the right hand at the height of the belt grasping the small of the stock1 the left hand holding the rifle at the most convenient position in front of the rear sight1 so that the left arm is only slightly bent2 i4e41 making an angle of about #aej degrees4 ,the legs well separated in a natural position1 such as a man walking might adopt on meeting with resistance2 i4e41 left knee slightly bent1 right foot flat on the ground1 with toe inclined to the right front4 ,the position should not be constrained in any way1 but be one of aggression1 alertness1 and readiness to go forward for immediate attack 7see ,plate ,i74 ,,common ,,faults4 #a4 ,leaning body back4 #b4 ,left arm too much bent4 #c4 ,right hand held too low and too far back4 #d4 ,rifle grasped too rigidly1 restraining all freedom of movement4 ,assume the 8order0 in the easiest way without moving the feet4 8,high port40 ,in this position the hands hold the rifle as in guard2 the left wrist level with1 and directly in front of1 the left shoulder2 the right hand above the right groin and on level with the belt4 ,when jumping ditches1 surmounting obstacles1 etc41 this position of the rifle should be approximately maintained with the left hand alone1 leaving the right hand free4 ,illustration3 ,,plate ,i4--8,,guard40 ,being in the position of guard1 to execute 8long thrust10 grasp the rifle firmly1 vigorously deliver the thrust to the full extent of the left arm1 butt running alongside and kept close to the right forearm2 body inclined forward2 left knee well bent2 right leg braced1 and weight of the body pressed well forward1 with the fore part of the right foot1 heel raised4 ,the chief power in a thrust is derived from the right arm with the weight of the body behind it1 the left arm being used more to direct the point of the bayonet4 ,the eye must be fixed on the object thrust at4 ,in making thrusts other than straight to the front1 the left foot should move in the same direction as that in which the thrust is made4 ,during the later stages of this lesson the men should be practised in stepping forward with the rear foot when delivering the thrust4 ,,common ,,faults4 #a4 ,rifle drawn back before delivering the thrust4 #b4 ,butt of the rifle held as high as or against the right shoulder4 #c4 ,the eyes not directed on the object4 #d4 ,left knee not sufficiently bent4 #e4 ,body not thrust sufficiently forward4 ,,remarks4 ,the 8long thrust0 is made against an opponent at a range of about four to five feet from the attacker's eye4 ,to withdraw the bayonet after a long thrust has been delivered1 draw the rifle straight back until the right hand is well behind the hip and immediately resume the guard4 ,if the leverage or proximity to the object transfixed renders it necessary1 the left hand must first be slipped up close to the stacking swivel and1 when a pupil has reached that stage of delivering a thrust while advancing on a dummy1 he will adopt this method4 ,after every thrust a rapid 8withdrawal10 essential to quick work with the bayonet1 should be practised before returning to the guard4 ,,progression4 ,first ,practice3 ,illustration3 ,,plate ,,ii4--8,,long ,,thrust40 ,men should always be made to thrust at a target1 e4g41 at a named part of the body of the opposite man--8,at the right eye2 thrust1 withdraw40 ,oblique thrust should be practised by thrusting at the men to the right or left fronts4 ,illustration3 ,,plate ,,iii4--8,,withdrawal40 ,as progress is attained1 the pause between the thrust and the withdrawal should be shortened1 until the men reach the stage when they withdraw and come to guard directly after making the thrust1 judging their own time4 ,they should be taught to thrust at two or more parts of the body4 ,to practise action against a retreating foe1 first show the position of the kidneys 7small of back1 either side of the spine74 ,if possible1 the point of the bayonet should be directed against an opponent's throat1 especially in hand-to-hand fighting4 ,other vulnerable and usually exposed parts are on the face1 chest1 lower abdomen1 and thighs1 and the region of the kidneys when the back is turned4 ,four or six inches penetration is sufficient to incapacitate and allow for a quick withdrawal1 whereas if a bayonet is driven home too far1 it is often impossible to withdraw it4 ,in such cases1 a round should be fired to break the obstruction4 ,second ,practice3 ,the class working in pairs1 with the instructor supervising1 should be practised in thrusting in various directions3 7#a7 at the opposite man's hand1 which he places in various positions on and off his body2 7#b7 at thrusting rings1 or balls of paper1 tied to the end of sticks 7see ,plates ,,vi1 ,,vii1 ,,viii74 ,this practice should be done without the word of command1 so that the eye and brain may be trained4 ,third ,practice3 ,the men will be taught to transfix a disc or number painted on a dummy2 first at a distance of about five feet from the dummy1 i4e41 the extreme range of the bayonet2 then1 after advancing three or more paces4 ,the advance must be made in the most practical and natural way1 and should be practised with either foot to the front when the thrust is delivered4 ,the rifle must never be drawn back when making a long thrust in a forward movement4 ,the impetus of the body and the forward stretching of the arms supply sufficient force4 ,the bayonet must be withdrawn immediately after the thrust has been delivered1 and a forward threatening attitude be assumed to the side or beyond the dummy4 ,unless the rifle is firmly gripped1 it is liable to injure the hand4 ,to guard against accidents1 the men must be at least five feet apart when the practice is carried out collectively4 ,the principles of this practice will be observed when thrusting at dummies in trenches1 standing upright on the ground or suspended on gallows4 ,they should be applied at first slowly and deliberately1 for no attempt must be made to carry out the final assault practice before the men have been carefully instructed in1 and have thoroughly mastered1 the preliminary lessons4 ,,lesson ,,ii4 ,,the ,,right ,,and ,,left ,,parry4 ,from the position of guard1 vigorously straighten the left arm1 without bending the wrist or twisting the rifle in the hand1 and force the rifle forward far enough to the right 7left7 to ward off the adversary's weapon4 ,the eyes must be kept on the weapon which is being parried4 ,,common ,,faults4 #a4 ,wide sweeping parry with no forward movement in it4 #b4 ,eyes taken off the weapon to be parried4 ,men must be taught to regard the parry as part of an offensive movement2 namely1 of the thrust which would immediately follow it in actual combat4 ,for this reason1 as soon as the movements of the parries have been learned1 they should always be accompanied with a slight forward movement of the body4 ,parries will be practised with right1 as well as with the left1 foot forward1 preparatory to the practice of parrying when advancing4 ,first ,practice3 ,men learning the parries should be made to observe the movements of the rifle carefully1 and should not be kept longer at this practice than is necessary for them to understand what is required--that is1 vigorous yet controlled action4 ,second ,practice3 ,the class works in pairs with scabbards on the bayonets1 one man thrusting with a stick and the other parrying2 the guard is resumed after each parry4 ,at first1 this practice must be slow and deliberate1 without being allowed to become mechanical1 and will be progressively increased in rapidity and vigor4 ,later a thrust at that part of the body indicated by the opposite man's hand should immediately follow the parry1 and1 finally1 sticks long enough to represent the opponent's weapon in the position of guard should be attached to the dummies and parried before delivering the thrust4 ,the men must be taught also to parry thrusts made at them3 7#a7 by an opponent in a trench1 when they are themselves on the parapet2 7#b7 by an opponent on the parapet1 when they are in the trench2 and 7#c7 when both are on the same level fighting at close quarters in a deep trench4 ,,lesson ,,iii4 ,,to ,,execute ,,the ,,short ,,thrust4 ,shift the left hand quickly towards the muzzle and draw the rifle back to the full extent of the right arm1 the butt either upwards or downwards as a low or a high thrust is to be made1 then deliver the thrust vigorously to the full extent of the left arm4 ,the short thrust is used at a range of about three feet1 and1 in close fighting1 it is the natural thrust to make when the bayonet has just been withdrawn after a long thrust4 ,if a strong withdrawal is necessary1 the right hand should be slipped above the rear sight after the short thrust has been made4 ,practice3 ,illustration3 ,,plate ,,iv4--8,,short ,,thrust40 ,the principles of the three practices of ,lesson ,i should be observed so far as they apply4 ,by placing two discs on a dummy1 the short thrust should be taught in conjunction with the long thrust1 the first disc being transfixed with the latter1 the second disc with the former4 ,on delivery of the long thrust1 if the left foot is forward1 the short thrust would take place with the right foot forward1 and vice versa4 ,illustration3 ,,plate ,v4--8,,jab40 ,parries will be practised from the position of the short thrust4 ,,lesson ,,iv4 ,,the ,,jab ,,or ,,upward ,,thrust4 ,from the position of short thrust shift the right hand up the rifle and grasp it above the rear sight1 at same time bringing the rifle to an almost vertical position close to the body1 and1 from this position1 bend the knees and jab the point of the bayonet upwards into the throat or under the chin of the opponent4 ,,common ,,faults4 #a4 ,rifle drawn backward and not held vertically enough4 #b4 ,rifle grasped too low with the right hand4 ,from the jab position men will be practised in fending off an attack made on any part of them by an opponent4 ,illustration3 ,,plate ,,vi4--8,,jab0 ,,at ,,thrusting ,,ring4 ,when making a jab from the guard1 the right1 being in the thrusting hand1 will be brought up first4 ,the jab can be employed successfully in close-quarter fighting in narrow trenches and when embraced by an opponent4 ,,lesson ,v4 ,,methods ,,of ,,injuring ,,an ,,opponent4 ,it should be impressed upon the class that1 although a man's thrust has missed or has been parried or his bayonet has been broken1 he can1 as attacker1 still maintain his advantage by injuring his opponent in one of the following ways3 ,butt ,stroke ,i3 ,swing the butt up at the opponent's crotch1 ribs1 forearm1 etc41 using a half-arm blow or advancing the rear foot4 ,butt ,stroke ,,ii3 ,if the opponent jumps back so that the first butt stroke misses1 the rifle will come into horizontal position over the left shoulder1 butt leading2 the attacker will then step in with the rear foot and dash the butt into his opponent's face4 ,butt ,stroke ,,iii3 ,if the opponent retires still farther out of distance1 the attacker again closes up and slashes his bayonet down on his opponent's head or neck4 ,illustration3 ,,plate ,,vii4--8,,butt ,,stroke ,i40 ,butt ,stroke ,,iv3 ,if the thrust has been parried1 the butt can be used effectively by crashing it down on the opponent's head with an over-arm blow1 advancing the rear foot4 ,when the opponent is out of distance1 ,butt ,stroke ,,iii can again be used4 ,in individual fighting1 the butt can also be used horizontally against the opponent's ribs1 forearm1 etc4 ,this method is impossible in trench fighting or in an attack1 owing to the horizontal sweep of the bayonet to the attacker's left4 ,it should be clearly understood that the butt must not be employed when it is possible to use the bayonet effectively4 ,butt ,stroke ,i is essentially a half-arm blow from the shoulder1 keeping the elbow rigid1 and it can therefore be successfully employed only when the right hand is grasping the rifle at the small of the butt4 ,illustration3 ,,plate ,,viii4--8,,butt ,,stroke ,,iv40 ,butt strokes can be used only in certain circumstances and positions1 but if men acquire absolute control of their weapons under these conditions they will be able to adapt themselves to all other phases of in-fighting4 ,for instance1 when a man is gripped by an opponent so that neither the thrust nor the butt can be used1 the knee brought up against the crotch or the heel stamped on the instep may momentarily disable him and make him release his hold4 ,when wrestling1 the opponent can be tripped by forcing his weight on to one leg and kicking that leg away from under him1 or any other wrestler's trip2 e4g41 8back heel40 ,the above methods will only temporarily disable an enemy1 who must be killed with the bayonet1 etc4 ,practice3 ,when the classes have been shown the methods of using the butt and the knees1 they should be practised on the padded stick2 e4g41 fix several discs on a dummy2 make a thrust at one2 use the knee on another1 low down2 jab a third1 and so on4 ,light but still sufficiently-strong dummies should be used for practice with the butt1 in order to avoid damage to it4 ,it is apparent that bayonet fighting as taught for trench warfare abroad lacks all the niceties of the art of bayonet fencing prescribed in our manual4 ,in bayonet fighting no 8fouls0 are known4 ,the only rule to follow is3 8,get after your man1 put him out of action by any means at your command40 ,,chapter ,,iii ,,the ,,tactical ,,application ,,of ,,the ,,bayonet4 ,a bayonet assault should preferably be made under cover of fire1 surprise1 or darkness4 ,in these circumstances1 the prospect of success is greatest1 for a bayonet is useless at any range except hand-to-hand4 ,at night1 all these covers can be utilized4 ,on the other hand1 confusion is inherent in fighting by night1 consequently the execution of a successful night attack with the bayonet requires considerable and lengthy training4 ,units should be frequently practised in night work with the bayonet4 ,the bayonet is essentially a weapon of offense1 which must be used with skill and vigor1 otherwise it has but little effect4 ,to await passively an opportunity of using the bayonet entails defeat1 since an approaching enemy will merely stand out of bayonet range and shoot down the defenders4 ,illustration3 ,,plate ,,viiia4--,,type ,,of ,,simple 8,,final ,,assault ,,practice0 ,,course4 ,it is attacked both ways1 and the positions of the trench sack dummies are varied4 ,in an assault1 the enemy should be killed with the bayonet4 ,firing should be avoided1 for in the mix-up a bullet1 after passing through an opponent's body1 may kill a friend who happens to be in the line of fire4 ,,final ,,assault ,,practice4 ,this practice is to be carried out only after the men have been thoroughly trained in all the preliminary lessons and have acquired complete control of their weapons1 otherwise injury to rifles and bayonets will result from improper application of the methods laid down in the foregoing instruction4 ,the ,final ,assault ,practice must approximate as nearly as possible to the conditions of actual fighting4 ,nervous tension1 due to the anticipation of an attack1 reacting on the body1 as well as the dash across the open and the final dash at the enemy1 combine to tire an assaulting party4 ,it is only by their physical fitness and superior skill in the use of the bayonet that they can overcome a comparatively fresh foe4 ,therefore1 quick aim and good direction of the bayonet when moving rapidly or even when surmounting obstacles1 accurate delivery of a thrust and sufficient strength and vigor to penetrate clothing and equipment1 the clean withdrawal of the bayonet--which requires no small effort1 especially should it be fixed by the bone--are of the greatest importance1 and need the same careful attention and constant practice as are devoted to obtaining efficiency with the rifle4 ,in the ,final ,assault ,practice1 the charge brings the men to the first trench in a fairly exhausted condition1 and the accuracy of the aim is tested by the disc1 which can be perforated only by a true and vigorous thrust and a clean withdrawal4 ,illustration3 ,,plate ,,viiib4--,,example ,,of ,,short ,,communication ,,trenches4 ,which should form part of the usual ,final ,assault ,practice ,course1 where1 owing to the lack of ground1 a 8labyrinth0 for daily practice with the bayonet in the confined space of a trench cannot be constructed within a convenient distance4 ,on arrival in ,france drafts are tested in trench bayonet work4 ,for this practice1 the men should be made to begin the assault from a trench six to seven feet deep1 as well as from the open1 and they should not cheer until close up to the enemy4 ,a reproduction of a labyrinth of trenches with dummies in the dugouts1 and shelters between the trenches1 forms an excellent ,final ,assault ,practice ,course4 ,assaults should be made from all four sides1 in order to give variety4 ,the edges of the trenches should be revetted1 otherwise constant use will soon wear them out4 ,cinders scattered over the course prevent the men from slipping4 ,if gallows cannot be erected1 sack dummies should be placed on tripods or on end1 as well as lying in trenches1 or on parapets1 with soft earth free from stones under them4 ,the number1 length1 and construction of trenches are regulated by the available ground and by the ingenuity of the instructors4 ,illustration3 ,,plate ,,viiic4--,,type ,,of 8,,nursery0 ,,labyrinth4 ,the positions of the sack dummies are frequently changed3 containing dummies1 and the men practised in clearing such4 ,the ground between the trenches is pitted with 8craters0 8cramped0 grounds as well as in clearing the trenches4 ,extremely interesting and practical schemes in trench warfare can be arranged by combining the ,final ,assault ,practice with other branches of training2 e4g41 bombing1 laying sand-bags1 entrenching4 ,competitions can be arranged by allotting marks for3 7#a7 number of discs transfixed and carried on a bayonet2 7#b7 time taken for signal to charge until the last man of the team passes the finishing post2 and 7#c7 form4 ,competitions should never be carried out until the men have completed their lessons in bayonet training and thoroughly mastered the handling of the bayonet in the ,final ,assault ,practice4 ,,chapter ,,iv ,,tactical ,,principles ,,to ,,be ,,observed ,,during ,,bayonet ,,training4 ,,method ,,of ,,carrying ,,rifle ,,with ,,bayonet ,,fixed4 ,,quick ,,short ,,advance 7,,in ,,the ,,open74 ,the rifle will be held at the 8,high ,port40 ,this position is suitable for close formation1 minimizes risk of accidents when surmounting obstacles1 and can be maintained with the left hand alone1 allowing free use of the right when necessary4 ,,long ,,advance 7,,close ,,formation74 ,the rifle will be slung over the left shoulder1 sling to the front and perpendicular to the ground4 ,this is a safe method of carrying the rifle and allowing the free use of both hands4 ,,long ,,advance 7,,open ,,order74 ,the rifle will be carried at the trail4 ,,the ,,assault4 ,the importance of discipline and organized control throughout the conduct of a bayonet assault can not be over-emphasized4 ,it must be remembered that in this1 as in all other military operations1 success can be achieved only through the closest coperation of all concerned2 and that1 while individual initiative is not to be discouraged1 it must be strictly subordinated to the intention of the leader of the assaulting party4 ,men should be shown by demonstration that it is in their own interests to pay attention to this point1 and that the failure of an enterprise can usually be traced to the lack of this close coperation4 ,during training1 the following general principles will be observed3 #a4 ,all members of the attacking party must leave the trench or rise from cover simultaneously4 ,in addition to the advantages of surprise1 needless casualties are thereby avoided4 #b4 ,the first stage1 especially of a long advance1 will be slow and steady--not faster than the pace of the slowest man4 ,such an advance has a decided moral effect on the enemy1 makes certain of the maximum shock at the moment of impact1 and at the same time allows the attacking force to reach its objective without undue exhaustion4 ,on the other hand1 if the assault is allowed to develop without control and in a haphazard fashion1 the moral effect of a steady1 resistless wall of men is lost1 and the defenders may be given time to dispose of their opponents in detail4 ,bayonet control in the attack is just as important and fully as practicable as fire control1 and it depends altogether on discipline1 which must be taught by close-order work1 and on thorough technical instruction in the use of the bayonet4 ,tactical bayonet control will then follow without much difficulty1 provided the instructor has done his work properly4 ,the actual charge will not be made over a greater distance than twenty paces4 ,within the last ten yards1 and before closing with the enemy1 the rifle will be brought to the threatening1 yet defensive1 guard position4 ,line will1 as far as possible1 be maintained until actual contact with the enemy is gained4 ,as soon as the enemy's position has been carried1 and prior to any attack on a further position1 or any other operation whatsoever1 every precaution must be taken against a counter-attack4 ,in trench warfare1 indiscriminate pursuit with the bayonet must never be allowed unless orders to that effect have been given by the leader of the assaulting party4 ,the attacking troops are not so fresh as the enemy1 and experience has shown that unorganized pursuit lends itself to ambush and casualties from machine-gun fire4 ,in most cases the work of immediate pursuit is better done by the supporting artillery1 the infantry assisting by rapid fire on the retreating enemy4 ,,assault ,,practice4 ,a useful form of ,final ,assault ,practice which can be adapted to a variety of combat exercises is described in following paragraphs4 ,the following materials are assumed3 8,a40 ,communicating trenches leading to a fire trench with an open space in front4 8,b40 ,an occupied enemy-trench4 8,c40 ,gallows with dummies1 representing the enemy4 7#a7 retiring from 8,b0 or 7#b7 coming up in support of 8,b0 or 7#c7 making a counter-attack on the captured trench 8,b40 ,illustration3 ,,plate ,,ix4--,,each ,,dummy ,,must ,,be ,,regarded ,,as ,,an ,,actual ,,armed ,,opponent4 #a4 ,the attacking party makes a controlled assault on 8,a10 which is cleared of the enemy4 #b4 ,it then re-formed and an assault is launched on 8,b10 after taking which #c4 8,c0 is regarded in one or other of the above ways1 and action taken accordingly4 ,throughout the training1 men must be constantly practised in3 #a4 ,the recognized method of carrying the rifle with bayonet fixed4 #b4 ,rapid advance out of deep trenches4 #c4 ,control and maintenance of line and opening fire during an advance4 #d4 ,using the bayonet with effect in the cramped space of communicating and fire trenches4 #e4 ,re-forming and opening of fire after the assault4 #f4 ,acting as leaders of attacking party4 ,instructors should endeavor by every means in their power to arouse the interest and imagination of their men during the assault practice4 ,the special phase of the combat which is to be carried out in the exercise should invariably be explained beforehand4 ,each dummy must be regarded as an actual armed opponent1 and each line of dummies as an enemy line attacking1 defending1 or retiring1 and be disposed of accordingly4 ,any tendency toward carelessness or slackness must be instantly checked1 and it should be impressed on all ranks that a practice assault which is not carried out with the necessary quickness1 vigor1 and determination is worse than useless4 ,lack of imagination1 which allows men and their leaders to violate the most elementary principles of tactics in practice assaults against dummies1 can lead only to disaster in a real assault against an enemy4 ,,chapter ,v ,,general ,,instructions ,,for ,,bayonet ,,training ,,practice4 #a4 8,guard10 8withdrawals10 8thrusts10 8parries10 and the 8jab0 will be taught first with the left1 then with the right foot forward4 #b4 ,the position from which the 8short thrust0 is made is shown in ,plate ,,iv4 ,all short thrusts will be practised from this position4 ,except after a thrust into a dummy1 make a momentary pause in this position so as to break men of the habit of drawing back the rifle from the guard before making the thrust4 #c4 ,from the outset squads will be frequently practised in charging for short distances in the open as a strengthening exercise for the legs and a quickening exercise4 #d4 ,a target at which to thrust will always be named when working by word of command2 it will be indicated by the position of hand when working in class and be clearly marked on all dummies4 #e4 ,when working in ranks1 the distance apart must be sufficient to avoid all danger of accident when the thrusts are being made4 ,when thrusts have been made advancing1 the ranks will change position by coming to the high port1 doubling past each other right shoulder to right shoulder and turning about4 ,when working against dummies1 men will always continue the movement past the dummy1 which they will leave on their right4 #f4 ,the 8withdrawal10 once taught1 will be made after each thrust4 ,after a thrust advancing rear foot or on the advance1 the hand will always be moved up the rifle1 but in the first and second practices1 since the arm and body are already stretched to their full extent1 and the left hand cannot move farther forward1 the hand will be shifted after the withdrawal from the long thrust4 ,illustration #g4 ,all sticks must be padded at one end4 #h4 ,in the third practice1 the thrusts will also be practised deliberately and progressively on dummies placed1 as a preparation for the ,final ,assault ,course1 in positions of increasing difficulty2 e4g41 on parapets and steps of shallow trenches1 and in fire and communicating trenches4 #i4 ,scabbards will not be removed from the bayonet except for thrusting at dummies4 ,,chapter ,,vi ,,progressive ,,program ,,of ,,instruction4 #a4 ,intervals1 distances1 positions4 #b4 ,explain hand-to-hand fighting1 and inculcate the spirit of the bayonet4 ,,lesson ,i4 #c4 ,guard4 #d4 ,order4 #e4 ,high ,port4 ,first practice 7in class1 by word of command74 #f4 8,long thrust40 #g4 8,withdrawal0 7a7 after stationary thrust1 7b7 after thrust1 advancing rear foot 7,plate ,,iii7 7first demonstrated by instructor on a dummy74 #h4 ,oblique long thrust4 ,illustration #i4 ,long thrust1 followed by long thrust advancing rear foot4 #aj4 ,vulnerable spots explained2 region of kidney shown2 class practised in making thrusts at these4 ,second practice 7class working by eye73 #aa4 ,long thrust4 #ab4 ,long thrust1 followed by long thrust advancing rear foot4 #ac4 ,varied direct and oblique long thrusts at thrusting ring4 ,third practice 7thrusting at dummy73 #ad4 ,long thrust 7,plate ,,ii74 #ae4 ,long thrust advancing rear foot4 #af4 ,advancing long thrust4 #ag4 ,advance long thrust 7at two or more dummies74 ,,lesson ,,ii4 #ah4 ,explain value of parries2 how1 in charging1 the parry must be strong enough to beat aside opponent's weapon4 ,first practice 7in class1 by word of command73 #ai4 ,explain1 and make the class perform1 the movements required for the various parries4 ,second practice 7class working by eye73 #bj4 ,parry stick pointed at the breast4 #ba4 ,parry stick pointed at the breast and deliver thrust4 #bb4 ,parry stick pointed at head1 body1 or legs4 #bc4 ,parry stick pointed in varying order at head1 body1 or legs1 and deliver thrust4 #bd4 ,when standing in a trench1 parry a thrust made with stick from above4 #be4 ,when standing on a parapet1 parry a thrust made with stick by a man in trench4 #bf4 ,with stick parry a thrust made with stick by advancing opponent4 #bg4 ,with stick parry a thrust made with stick by advancing opponent and come back with a thrust4 #bh4 ,with stick parry thrust made with stick lightly held in one hand by charging opponent4 7,by holding his stick in right or left hand the attacker will clearly show on which side he is thrusting1 and he will pass on that flank47 ,third practice 7pointing at dummy with stick representing opponent's weapon73 #bi4 ,advance1 parry stick1 and thrust4 ,,lesson ,,iii4 #cj4 ,demonstrate the short thrust and explain when it is used 7,plate ,v74 ,first practice 7in class1 by word of command73 #ca4 ,short thrust4 #cb4 ,withdrawal3 7a7 stationary2 7b7 advancing rear foot4 7,demonstrated by instructor on dummy47 #cc4 ,oblique short thrust4 #cd4 ,short point advancing rear foot4 #ce4 ,long thrust advancing rear foot1 followed by short thrust advancing rear foot4 ,second practice 7class working by eye73 #cf4 ,short thrust4 #cg4 ,short thrust advancing rear foot4 #ch4 ,long thrust advancing rear foot1 followed by short thrust advancing rear foot4 #ci4 ,varied direct and oblique long and short thrusts at thrusting ring4 #dj4 ,practise various parries1 parries and thrusts1 from short thrust position 7,plate ,,iv74 ,third practice 7thrusting at dummy73 #da4 ,short thrust4 #db4 ,short thrust advancing rear foot4 #dc4 ,long thrust advancing rear foot2 short thrust advancing rear foot4 #dd4 ,advance1 long thrust1 short thrust 7at two dummies in suitable positions74 ,,lesson ,,iv4 #de4 ,demonstrate jab at dummy2 then1 by placing men of the squad in suitable positions1 explain when and how it is used in conjunction with thrusts 7,plate ,v74 ,first practice 7in class1 by word of command73 #df4 ,jab from jab position4 #dg4 ,short thrust advancing rear foot1 jab advancing rear foot4 #dh4 ,long thrust advancing rear foot1 jab advancing rear foot4 #di4 ,long thrust advancing rear foot1 short thrust advancing rear foot1 jab advancing rear foot4 #ej4 ,short thrust advancing rear foot1 jab advancing rear foot1 long thrust advancing rear foot4 ,second practice 7class working by eye73 #ea4 ,jab at thrusting ring 7,plate ,,vi74 #eb4 ,direct and oblique long and short thrusts1 and jabs in varying order at thrusting ring4 #ec4 ,when in jab position1 ward off high and low thrusts made with stick4 ,third practice 7thrusting at dummy73 #ed4 ,jab from jab position4 #ee4 ,short thrust advancing rear foot1 and jab advancing rear foot4 #ef4 ,long thrust advancing rear foot1 short thrust advancing rear foot1 and jab advancing rear foot 7at dummies74 #eg4 ,advance1 long thrust1 and jab4 #eh4 ,advance1 long thrust1 short thrust1 and two or more jabs 7at dummies74 ,,lesson ,v4 ,first practice 7word of command73 #ei4 ,practise ,butt ,stroke ,i4 #fj4 ,practise ,butt ,stroke ,,ii4 #fa4 ,practise ,butt ,stroke ,,iii4 #fb4 ,practise ,butt ,stroke ,,iv4 ,second practice 7working by eye73 #fc4 ,butt ,stroke ,i at padded stick 7,plate ,,vii74 #fd4 ,butt ,stroke ,,ii at padded stick4 #fe4 ,butt ,stroke ,,iii at padded stick4 #ff4 ,butt ,stroke ,,iv at padded stick 7,plate ,,viii74 #fh4 ,long thrusts1 short thrusts1 and jabs at thrusting ring1 with butt strokes at padded stick1 varied4 #fi4 ,trips practised by men working in pairs4 ,third practice 7on dummy73 #gj4 ,thrust1 jab1 etc41 at dummies1 followed by ,butt ,strokes ,i to ,,iv at light dummies1 and introducing kicks and any other form of in-fighting4 ,,chapter ,,vii ,a ,,guide ,,for ,,the ,,trained ,,soldier',s ,,daily ,,practice4 7#cj ,,minutes47 7#a7 #e minutes4 7a7 ,long thrust at hand 7#aa-ab ,progressive ,program of ,instruction7 7not more than #h thrusts each man74 7b7 ,short thrusts 7#cf1 #cg1 #ch1 ,progressive ,program of ,instruction7 7not more than #aj thrusts each man74 7#b7 #e minutes1 steady advance over obstacles and charge #bj yards1 about #ajj yards in all4 7#c7 #d minutes1 parrying stick and thrusting 7#bc1 ,progressive ,program of ,instruction74 7#d7 #d minutes1 butt strokes1 each stroke twice 7#ei1 #fj1 #fa1 #fb1 ,progressive ,program of ,instruction7 or practise trips1 etc4 7#fi1 ,progressive ,program of ,instruction47 7#e7 #f minutes1 long thrusts1 short thrusts and jabs at thrusting ring1 with butt strokes at pad stick1 varied 7#fh1 ,progressive ,program of ,instruction74 7#f7 #f minutes1 ,final ,assault ,practice4 ,,military ,,books ,a ,,short ,,title ,,list ,,of ,,the ,,standard ,,books ,,of ,,all ,,publishers ,illustration ,d4 ,,van ,,nostrand ,,company #ahfj ,,military ,,publishers #aiag #be ,,park ,,place ,,new ,,york ,,standard ,,military ,,books ,detailed descriptions on request4 ,,aeronautics ,,dommett1 ,w4 ,e41 ,aeroplanes and ,airships 4#hj ,,duchene1 ,,commandant1 ,flight ,without ,formulae #b4ej ,,duchene1 ,,commandant1 ,the ,mechanics of the ,aeroplane #b4ej ,,eiffel1 ,g41 ,resistance of ,air #aj4jj ,,fage1 ,a41 ,the ,aeroplane #b4ej ,,graham-,,white1 ,c4 and ,,harper1 ,h41 ,learning to ,fly 4#ge ,,greenhill1 ,g41 ,dynamics of ,mechanical ,flight #b4ej ,,hayward1 ,,chas4 ,b41 ,building and ,flying an ,aeroplane #a4jj ,,kennedy1 ,r41 ,flying ,machines1 ,practice and ,design #b4jj ,,lanchester1 ,f4 ,w41 ,flying ,machines from an ,engineering ,standpoint #c4jj ,,lanchester1 ,f4 ,w41 ,aerial ,flight1 #b vols4 ,vol4 ,i--,aerodynamics #f4jj ,vol4 ,,ii--,aerodonetics #f4jj ,,lanchester1 ,f4 ,w41 ,aircraft in ,war #d4jj ,,loening1 ,g4 ,c41 ,military ,aeroplanes #d4ge ,,robson1 ,,william ,a41 ,aircraft in ,war and ,peace #a4jj ,,spaight1 ,j4 ,m41 ,aircraft in ,war #b4jj ,,talbot1 ,f4 ,a41 ,aeroplanes and ,dirigibles of ,war #a4be ,,woodhouse1 ,h41 ,textbook of ,military ,aeronautics #f4jj ,,artillery1 ,,coast ,,field ,manufacture of ,artillery ,ammunition #f4jj ,shrapnel and ,other ,war ,material #a4ej ,coast ,artillery ,drill ,regulations #a4jj ,provisional ,drill and ,service ,regulations for ,field ,artillery #a4be ,,bethell1 ,h4 ,a41 ,modern ,guns and ,gunnery #f4jj ,,bishop1 ,h4 ,g41 ,elements of ,modern ,field ,artillery #a4ej ,,cloke1 ,h4 ,e41 ,gunner's ,examiner #a4ej ,,dyer1 ,a4 ,b41 ,handbook of ,light ,artillery #c4jj ,,eissler1 ,m41 ,modern ,high ,explosives #d4jj ,,guttman1 ,,oscar1 ,the ,manufacture of ,explosives4 #b vols4 #aa4jj ,,ingalls1 ,j4 ,m41 ,interior ,ballistics #c4jj ,,lissak1 ,o4 ,m41 ,ordnance and ,gunnery #f4jj ,mac,a,l,i,s,t,e,r1 ,d4 ,a41 ,field ,gunnery #a4jj ,,marshall1 ,a41 ,explosives4 #b vols4 #af4jj ,,ommundsen1 ,h41 and ,,robinson1 ,e4 ,h41 ,rifles and ,ammunition #f4jj ,,sanford1 ,p4 ,g41 ,nitro-,explosives #d4jj ,,spaulding1 ,,capt4 ,,oliver ,l41 ,notes on ,field ,artillery #a4be ,,weaver1 ,e4 ,m41 ,notes on ,military ,explosives #c4jj ,,wise1 ,t4 ,c41 ,gunnery1 an ,elementary ,treatise #c4jj ,,worden1 ,e4 ,c41 ,nitro-cellulose ,industry4 #b vols4 #aj4jj ,,field ,,engineering ,engineers' ,field ,manual #a4be ,,army ,,service ,,schools1 ,notes on ,field ,fortifications 4#ej ,,beach1 ,,capt4 ,,wm4 ,d41 ,manual of ,military ,field ,engineering4 #ith ,ed4 ,revised4 ,cloth #a4ge ,,bond1 ,p4 ,s41 ,engineer in ,war #a4ej ,,fiebeger1 ,c4 ,j41 ,textbook of ,field ,fortifications #b4jj ,,kenyon1 ,r4 ,e41 ,land and ,coast ,fortification #b4jj ,,robinson1 ,,ernest ,f41 ,military ,preparedness and the ,engineer #a4ej ,,solano1 ,e4 ,j41 ,field ,entrenchments1 ,spadework for ,riflemen 4#dj ,,hygiene ,,and ,,sanitation ,drill ,regulations and ,service ,manual for ,sanitary ,troops 4#ge ,,ashburn1 ,p4 ,m41 ,elements of ,military ,hygiene #a4ej ,,hastings1 ,s41 ,first ,aid for the ,trenches #a4jj ,,havard1 ,v41 ,military ,hygiene #e4jj ,,keefer1 ,f4 ,r41 ,military ,hygiene #a4ej ,,lelean1 ,p4 ,s41 ,sanitation in ,war #b4jj ,,munson1 ,,lieut4 ,,col4 ,,edw4 ,l41 ,the ,principles of ,sanitary ,tactics #b4jj ,,munson1 ,e4 ,l41 ,soldier's ,foot and ,military ,shoe #a4ce ,,straub1 ,,paul ,f41 ,medical ,service in ,campaign #a4ej ,,wood1 ,r4 ,c41 ,the ,soldier's ,first ,aid 4#ej ,,woodhull ,a4 ,a41 ,military ,hygiene for ,officers of the ,line #a4ej ,,machine ,,guns ,combined ,infantry and ,cavalry ,drill ,regulations for ,machine ,gun ,companies for ,automatic ,machine ,rifle1 ,caliber 4#cj 7,model #aiji7 4#cj ,operation and ,tactical ,use of the ,lewis ,automatic ,machine ,rifle 4#fj ,,longstaff ,,and ,,atteridge1 ,the ,book of the ,machine ,gun #c4ej ,,parker1 ,,capt4 ,,john ,h41 ,tactical ,organization and ,uses of ,machine ,guns in the ,field #a4ej ,,solano1 ,e4 ,j41 ,machine ,gun ,training #a4jj ,,manuals ,,united ,,states ,,army1 ,cavalry ,drill ,regulations 4#ge ,field ,service ,regulations 4#ge ,infantry ,drill ,regulations 4#ej ,,moss1 ,,major ,,jas4 ,a41 ,non-commissioned ,officers' ,manual #a4ej ,,moss1 ,,major ,,jas4 ,a41 ,officers' ,manual #b4ej ,,moss1 ,,major ,,jas4 ,a41 ,privates' ,manual #a4jj ,,nixon1 ,c41 ,adjutants' ,manual #a4jj ,,reeves1 ,,capt4 ,,ira ,l4 7,retired71 ,a ,manual for ,aspirants for ,commissions in the ,u4 ,s4 ,army #a4be ,,robbins1 ,e4 ,j41 ,universal ,drill ,manual #a4jj ,,selkirk1 ,w4 ,o41 ,catechism of ,manual of ,guard ,duty 4#ej ,,solano1 ,e4 ,j41 ,musketry #a4jj ,,spinelli1 ,,major ,h4 ,b41 ,a ,catechism of ,court-,martial ,duty 4#ge ,,turner1 ,f4 ,h41 ,infantry ,drill ,regulations1 ,annotated 4#ge ,,tupes1 ,h41 and ,,poole1 ,s41 ,manual of ,bayonet ,exercises and ,musketry ,fencing 4#ej ,,wagner1 ,a4 ,l41 ,catechism of ,outpost ,duty 4#ge ,,williams1 ,a4 ,e41 ,manual for ,quartermasters #a4aj ,,williams1 ,a4 ,e41 ,company ,supply ,manual--,infantry 4#dj ,,military ,,training ,,brockington1 ,w4 ,a41 ,elements of ,military ,education #a4ej ,,baden-,,powell1 ,r41 ,quick ,training for ,war 4#ej ,,ellis1 ,e4 ,o41 and ,,garey1 ,e4 ,b41 ,the ,plattsburg ,manual4 ,a ,textbook for ,military ,training ,camp #b4jj ,,haking1 ,,brig4 ,,gen41 ,company ,training #a4ej ,,morrison1 ,,john ,f41 ,training ,infantry 4#fj ,,moss1 ,,jas4 ,a41 ,manual of ,military ,training #b4be ,,moss1 ,,jas4 ,a41 ,self-,helps for the ,citizen-,soldier #b4be ,,parker1 ,,john ,h41 ,trained ,citizen-,soldiery #a4be ,,solano1 ,e4 ,j41 ,drill and ,field ,training-,scouting #a4jj ,,stacey1 ,c41 ,company ,training #a4jj ,,sutherland1 ,s4 ,j41 ,the ,reserve ,officers' ,handbook ,cloth #a4be ,limp ,leather #a4ge ,,welshimer1 ,r4 ,r41 ,primer for the ,officers' ,reserve ,corps and ,officers of ,volunteers and the ,national ,guard #a4jj ,,physical ,,training ,handbook of ,physical ,training1 #b vols4 7,english7 ,vol4 ,i 4#ej ,vol4 ,,ii 4#ej ,,butts1 ,e4 ,l41 ,manual of ,physical ,drill #a4be ,,garey1 ,e4 ,b41 ,manual of ,physical ,drill #a4jj ,manual of ,physical ,training1 ,u4 ,s4 ,army 4#ge ,,science ,,of ,,war ,,altham1 ,e4 ,a41 ,principles of ,war4 #b vols4 #c4ej ,,henderson1 ,,col4 ,g4 ,f4 ,r41 ,the ,science of ,war #d4jj ,,von ,,clausewitz1 ,,gen4 ,,carl1 ,on ,war4 #c vols4 #g4ej ,,von ,,der ,,goltz1 ,,lieut4-,,general1 ,the ,conduct of ,war #b4jj ,,wagner1 ,a4 ,l41 ,elements of ,military ,science #a4be ,,signalling ,manual of ,electric ,instruments and ,telephone for the ,signal ,corps #a4jj ,drill ,regulations for ,field ,company of the ,signal ,corps 4#ge ,,joly1 ,j41 ,synchronous ,signalling in ,navigation 4#ge ,,palen1 ,m4 ,a41 ,lessons in ,visual ,signalling 4#fj ,signal ,book1 ,u4 ,s4 ,army 4#ce ,,stevens1 ,e4 ,j41 ,field ,telephones for ,army ,use #a4jj ,,zenneck1 ,j41 ,wireless ,telegraphy #d4jj ,,tactics ,tactics of ,coast ,defense #b4jj ,,army ,,service ,,schools1 ,studies in ,minor ,tactics 4#ge ,,balck 7,,col47 ,translated by ,waller ,kreuger1 ,tactics ,vol4 ,i--,introduction and ,formal ,tactics of ,infantry #c4jj ,vol4 ,,ii--,cavalry1 ,field and ,heavy ,artillery in ,field ,warfare #c4jj ,,wagner1 ,a4 ,l41 ,organization and ,tactics #c4jj ,,wagner1 ,a4 ,l41 ,strategy 4#ge ,,wisser1 ,,john ,p41 ,practical ,field ,exercises in ,tactics and ,strategy4 ,cloth #b4jj ,,topography ,,barnes1 ,,capt4 ,,john ,b41 ,elements of ,military ,sketching and ,map ,reading 4#ge ,,carlock1 ,f4 ,d41 ,military ,topography and ,photography #b4ej ,,cole1 ,e4 ,f41 ,individual and ,combined ,sketching #a4jj ,,grieves1 ,l4 ,c41 ,military ,sketching and ,map ,reading #a4jj ,,grieves1 ,l4 ,c41 ,military ,sketching and ,map ,reading for ,non-,commissioned ,officers #a4be ,,reed1 ,h4 ,a41 ,topographical ,drawing and ,sketching #d4jj ,,reinhardt1 ,c4 ,w41 ,lettering for ,draughtsmen1 ,engineers and ,students #a4jj ,,sherrill1 ,c4 ,o41 ,military ,map ,reading 4#ij ,,sherrill1 ,c4 ,o41 ,military ,topography #b4ej ,,sherrill1 ,c4 ,o41 ,rapid ,reconnaissance ,sketching #a4be ,,smith1 ,r4 ,s41 and ,mc,m,i,l,l,a,n1 ,c41 ,manual of ,topographical ,drawing #b4be ,,wilson1 ,h4 ,m41 ,topographic ,surveying #c4ej ,,transportation ,,rationing ,army ,transport ,service ,regulations 4#ej ,manual for ,army ,bakers 4#ej ,manual for ,army ,cooks 4#ge ,,baker1 ,c4 ,b41 ,transportation of ,troops and ,materiel #a4ej ,,baker1 ,c4 ,b41 ,handbook of ,transportation by ,rail and ,vessels #a4jj ,,baker1 ,i4 ,o41 ,roads and ,pavements #d4ej ,,espanet1 ,,octave1 ,notes on the ,supply of an ,army #a4ej ,,holbrook1 ,l4 ,r41 ,handling the ,straight ,army ,ration #a4ej ,,lawton1 ,f4 ,h41 and others1 ,field ,quartermaster's ,handbook #b4jj ,,layriz1 ,o41 ,mechanical ,traction in ,war for ,road ,transport #b4jj ,,sharpe1 ,h4 ,g41 ,provisioning of a ,modern ,army in the ,field #a4ej ,,webb1 ,w4 ,l41 ,railroad ,construction #d4jj ,,wimperis1 ,h4 ,e41 ,principles of the ,application of ,power to ,road ,transport #a4ej ,,miscellaneous ,,baker1 ,i4 ,o41 ,masonry ,construction #d4ej ,,baker1 ,m4 ,n41 ,potable ,water and ,methods of ,detecting ,impurities 4#ej ,,barnes1 ,j4 ,b41 ,letters of a ,plattsburg ,patriot 7humorous7 #a4jj ,,cameron1 ,l4 ,c4 ,j4 ,r41 ,infantry ,scouting #a4jj ,,carter1 ,horses1 ,saddles and ,bridles #b4ge ,,cloke1 ,h4 ,e41 ,the ,enlisted ,specialists' ,examiner #b4jj ,,davis1 ,g4 ,b41 ,the ,elements of ,law #b4ej ,,davis1 ,g4 ,b41 ,a ,treatise on the ,military ,law of the ,united ,states #g4jj ,,dudley1 ,e4 ,s41 ,military ,law and the ,procedure of ,courts ,martial #b4ej ,,fiebeger1 ,g4 ,j41 ,civil ,engineering #e4jj ,,foster1 ,h4 ,a41 ,electrical ,engineer's ,pocket-book #e4jj ,,frye1 ,a4 ,i41 ,civil ,engineers' ,pocket-book #e4jj ,,gullichan1 ,w4 ,m41 ,soldiers' ,english-,french ,conversation ,book 4#cj ,,gruber1 ,e4 ,l41 ,notes on #c-;inch ,gun ,material 4#ej ,,henderson1 ,d41 ,art of ,reconnaissance #a4ej ,,howe1 ,g41 ,mathematics for the ,practical ,man #a4be ,,kent1 ,w41 ,mechanical ,engineer's ,pocket-book #e4jj ,,lallier1 ,e4 ,v41 ,elementary ,manual of the ,steam ,engine #b4jj ,,lawton1 ,f4 ,w41 and ,,dempsey1 ,w4 ,a41 ,quartermaster ,administration #b4jj ,,lodge1 ,o4 ,j41 ,elementary ,mechanics #a4ej ,mc,k,e,n,n,e,y1 ,h4 ,j41 ,exercises for ,systematic ,scout ,instruction #a4be ,,marshall1 ,elements of ,hippology #a4ej ,,merriman1 ,m41 ,treatise on ,hydraulics #d4jj ,,morton1 ,,major ,c4 ,g41 ,english-,spanish ,pocket ,manual4 ,cloth #a4jj ,,moss1 ,,major ,,jas4 ,a41 ,peace and ,war ,duties of the ,enlisted ,man 4#ej ,,moss1 ,,major ,,jas4 ,a41 ,spanish for ,soldiers #a4jj ,,parker1 ,p4 ,a4 ,m41 ,control of ,water #e4jj ,,parker1 ,,ralph ,m41 ,an ,officer's ,notes #b4jj ,,plumon1 ,e41 ,vade ,mecum for the ,use of ,officers and ,interpreters in the ,present ,campaign 7,french and ,english ,technical and ,military ,terms7 #a4jj ,,rey1 ,,jean1 7,trans4 by ,j4 ,h4 ,,johnson7 ,range of ,electric searchlight ,projectors #d4ej ,,robinson1 ,,lieut4 ,,col4 ,w41 ,electricity #b4ej ,,solano1 ,e4 ,j41 ,camps1 ,billets and ,cooking #a4jj ,,stewart1 ,m4 ,b41 ,military ,character1 ,habit1 ,deportment1 ,courtesy and ,discipline #a4jj ,manual for ,non-,commissioned ,officers and ,privates 4#ej ,manual of ,military ,courts ,martial #a4aj ,manual of ,interior ,guard ,duty 4#ej ,small ,arms ,firing ,manual 4#ge ,rules of ,land ,warfare 4#ge ,,andrews ,l4 ,c41 and others1 ,fundamentals of ,military ,service #a4ej ,bayonet ,training ,manual1 ,used by the ,british ,forces 4#cj ,,bolles1 ,f4 ,c41 and others1 ,what a ,soldier ,should ,know #a4jj ,,fitschen1 ,h41 ,spade 7,trench7 ,warfare4 ,trans4 from ,german 4#ej ,,donovan1 ,t4 ,f41 ,home ,guard ,manual 4#ej ,,guild ,,and ,,test1 ,militia ,field ,manual #a4jj ,,holbrook1 ,l4 ,r41 ,mess ,officers' ,assistant #a4jj ,,holbrook1 ,l4 ,r41 ,mess ,sergeant's ,handbook #a4jj ,,lawton1 ,,major1 ,f4 ,h41 ,extracts from ,u4 ,s4 ,army ,regulations #a4jj ,mc,a,r,t,h,u,r1 ,j4 ,c41 ,what a ,company ,officer ,must ,know #b4jj ,,moss1 ,j4 ,a41 ,examination ,guide1 ,officers' ,reserve ,corps #b4be ,,moss1 ,j4 ,a41 ,army ,paperwork #b4jj ,,moss1 ,,major ,,jas4 ,a41 ,infantry ,drill ,regulations 7with annotations7 4#ge ,,bond1 ,p4 ,s41 and ,mc,d,o,n,o,u,g,h1 ,m4 ,j41 ,the ,technique of ,modern ,tactics #b4fe ,,bjornstad1 ,a4 ,w41 ,small ,problems for ,infantry 4#ge ,,gray1 ,,alonzo1 ,cavalry ,tactics #a4jj ,,griepenkerl1 ,,major ,,general1 ,letters on ,applied ,tactics #b4jj ,,hanna1 ,m4 ,e41 ,tactical ,principles and ,problems #b4ej ,,hoenig1 ,,fritz1 ,inquiries into the ,tactics of the ,future #b4jj ,,ingall1 ,j4 ,m41 ,handbook of ,problems in ,direct ,fire #d4jj ,,laffargue1 ,a41 ,attack in ,trench ,warfare 4#ej ,,maguire1 ,e41 ,attack and ,defense of ,coast ,fortifications #b4ej ,,mercur1 ,,james1 ,attack of ,fortified ,places #b4jj ,,moss1 ,,jas4 ,a41 ,applied ,minor ,tactics #a4jj ,,moss1 ,j4 ,a41 ,trench ,warfare #a4be ,,nicholson1 ,w4 ,a41 ,artillery ,fire #a4ej ,,smith1 ,j4 ,s41 ,trench ,warfare #a4ej ,,swinton1 ,e4 ,d41 ,defense 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typographical errors have been corrected4