,m5 ,:o ,made ,hi/ory ,,h5ry ,,=d3 ,highlights ( ,8 ,life ,a ,publication ( ,! ,h5ry ,=d ,museum & ,gre5field ,village ,,de>born1 ,,mi*igan ,copyright #aifd ,! ,edison ,in/itute ,de>born1 ,mi*igan ,h5ry ,=d sp5t 8 e>ly life on a f>m4 ,he 0 born 9 a small frame h\se t /ood 9 a grove a few miles f ,detroit1 ne> ! ,riv] ,r\ge4 ,on ea* side ( ! riv] 7 ! f>ms ( p :o _h come to ! ,middle ,we/ to get l& ( _! own4 ,h5ry's fa!r1 ,william ,=d1 0 "o ( ^! e>ly settl]s4 ,! eld] ,=d came to ,am]ica f ,irel& 9 #ahdg1 ! ye> ( ! great potato fam9e 9 t c\ntry4 ,he made 8 way to s\!rn ,mi*igan :]e he f\nd "w4 ,at fir/1 he labor$ on ! railroad & !n at ! ars5al 9 ,de>bornville4 ,lat]1 he 0 a hir$ h& on ! f>m ( ,patrick ,o',h]n 9 ,spr+wells ,t[n%ip4 ,"h ,william ,=d settl$ d[n4 ,he pur*as$ =ty acres ( l&1 & ) 8 employ]1 ,patrick ,o',h]n1 built a f>mh\se4 ,9 #ahfa he m>ri$ ,m>y ,litogot1 ! fo/] daught] ( ,o',h]n4 ,h5ry ,=d1 ! fir/ son ( ,m>y & ,william1 0 born 9 #ahfc4 ,soon !re 7 bro!rs & si/]s4 ,_! life on ! f>m 0 a r\nd ( do+ *ores1 work+ 9 ! fields1 & tak+ trips to t[n4 ,9 ! w9t]1 ! *ildr5 w5t to ! "o-room s*ool ov] at ! ,scot* settlem5t4 ,h5ry ,=d might well h rema9$ on ! f>m & foll[$ 9 8 fa!r's foot/eps4 ,! soil ar\nd ,de>born 0 f]tile1 & ! products ( ! l& f\nd a good m>ket 9 ne>by ,detroit1 a busy lake port4 ,al?\gh f>m+ meant h>d "w & long h\rs1 x 0 an honorable trade4 ,william ,=d 0 n ri*1 b nei!r 0 he poor4 ,he held a position ( respect 9 ! community4 ,b ,h5ry ,=d _h o!r ideas4 ,he want$ to h some?+ to d ) ma*9]y4 ,he 0 int]e/$ 9 ! tools ( ! f>m r ?an 9 ! f>m itself4 ,he also t9k]$ ) wat*es2 at ! age ( ?irte5 he 0 repair+ ! timepieces ( 8 fri5ds4 ,x 0 a real ?rill = him :5 ,fr$ ,r$51 a neighbor1 br\ght ! fir/ portable /eam eng9e to ,de>born4 ,h5ry 0 p]mitt$ to fire its boil]4 ,on ! trips to t[n ) 8 fa!r1 he saw o!r ma*9es1 road eng9es1 c>d+ mills1 & gri/ mills4 ,:5 ,h5ry f9i%$ s*ool at ! age ( sixte51 he did :at ?\s&s ( o!r f>m]s' sons 7 do+--he left = ! city4 ,detroit 0 a bu/l+ t[n ( "o hundr$ ?\s& p4 ,x 0 a comm]cial c5t] = ! ,great ,lakes %ipp+ trade1 & x 0 also an indu/rial c5t]4 ,x 0 to ! %ops & factories ( ,detroit t ,h5ry ,=d came to le>n a trade4 ,8 fir/ job1 at ! ,mi*igan ,c> ,works1 la/$ only six days1 b he soon f\nd ano!r "o at ! ma*9e %op ( ,james ,fl[]s & ,bros41 :]e he became a ma*9i/'s appr5tice4 ,9 ?is %op he le>n$ ab\t eng9es1 & ab\t ! tools & ma*9es t made p>ts = o!r ma*9es4 ,at night he repair$ wat*es 9 ! jewelry %op ( ,james ,magill4 ,a few mon?s lat]1 he left ! ,fl[]s' %op to "w at ! ,dry ,dock ,eng9e ,company :]e he _h great] opportunity to le>n ab\t /eam eng9es4 ,:5 8 appr5tice%ip 0 ov]1 he became ,h5ry ,=d1 ! ma*9i/4 ,in/ead ( cont9u+ to "w at 8 trade 9 ! %ops ( ,detroit1 he w5t back to ,de>born4 ,william ,=d l5t 8 son eighty acres ( timb]$ l&1 & ,h5ry ,=d set up a saw mill4 ,dur+ ! h>ve/+ season1 he op]at$ an eng9e = a gr\p ( ?re%]s4 ,he also f\nd "t to travel ab\t s\!rn ,mi*igan repair+ ,we/+h\se portable /eam eng9es4 ,h5ry ,=d 0 also cont9u+ 8 education4 ,= sev]al mon?s he att5d$ a bus9ess college 9 ,detroit1 all ! :ile t9k]+ ) ma*9es & le>n+ /ill m ab\t tools4 ,he _h an opportunity to repair1 & ?us become famili> )1 a gas eng9e at an iron works 9 ,detroit4 ,z an appr5tice1 he _h read ab\t su* an eng9e1 inv5t$ by a ,g]man nam$ ,otto1 :i* receiv$ its p[] f an explosion inside ! cyl9d]4 ,sev]al ,am]icans 7 also ?9k+ ab\t ?is int]nal combu/ion eng9e4 ,9 #ahhh he m>ri$ ,cl>a ,bryant1 ^: fa!r own$ a f>m ne> ! ,=d home/ead 9 ,de>born4 ,aft] _! m>riage1 ! "y c\ple built a squ>e h\se ne>by1 :]e !y liv$ = ne>ly ?ree ye>s4 ,dur+ ?is "t1 ,h5ry f>m$ z well z repair$ & op]at$ /eam eng9es4 ,9 #ahia1 ,h5ry ,=d end$ 8 days on ! f>m by mov+ back to ,detroit1 :]e he 0 employ$ by ! ,edison ,illum9at+ ,company1 "o ( sev]al companies t furni%$ electricity to ! city4 ,detroit 0 *ang+--9 ! days ( 8 appr5tice%ip1 !re _h be5 no electric lights = homes & /reets & %ops4 ,h5ry's new job 0 to keep ! /eam eng9es runn+ at ! ,willis ,av5ue p[] /ation4 ,! ye> #ahic 0 a good ye> = ,h5ry ,=d1 9 spite ( ! fact t x 0 a h>d ye> ( panic = _m o!r p4 ,at ! ,_w's ,fair 9 ,*icago t summ]1 he 0 able to add to 8 k ( gas eng9es & horseless c>riages4 ,late 9 ! ye>1 8 son ,edsel 0 born4 ,%ortly aft] ?is1 8 pay 0 rais$ & he 0 transf]r$ to ! ma9 plant ( ! ,illum9at+ ,company4 ,to be ne>] 8 new job1 ! ,=d family mov$ to #eh ,bagley ,av5ue 9 ,detroit4 ,9 ! back y>d ( ! new home 0 a brick %$2 "h ,h5ry set up 8 tools & cont9u$ 8 t9k]+ ) gas eng9es4 ,8 fir/ exp]im5t 0 n long 9 ! mak+4 ,) a piece ( gas pipe1 an old :eel1 "s wire1 & o!r scraps ( metal assembl$ on a long bo>d fa/5$ to ! kit*5 s9k 9 ! ,=d home1 he made 8 fir/ model gas eng9e4 ,al?\gh x sputt]$ & jump$1 x work$4 ,dur+ ! ye>s t ,h5ry ,=d work$ on 8 homemade eng9es1 o!r m5 7 also exp]im5t+ ) gas eng9es1 & !y 7 j z det]m9$ z he 0 to make !m op]ate successfully4 ,! fair 9 ,*icago _h ar\s$ ! curiosity ( _m p1 & ! newspap]s began to c>ry /ories ab\t horseless c>riages4 ,f ,france came ^w ( ! exploits ( ,daiml] & ,b5z ) _! road wagons1 & 9 #ahie1 ,new ,york]s saw ?ree ,b5z horseless wagons4 ,h5ry ,=d travel$ ,ea/ to see !m4 ,late 9 ! same ye>1 ! ,*icago ,times-,h]ald ann\nc$ t x w\ld give a #e1jjj prize to ! w9n] ( a race betwe5 ^! new contraptions4 ,only f\r c>s 7 ready at race "t1 & only two got away f ! />t+ l9e--a ,duryea & a ,b5z4 ,! ,b5z won4 ,"o ( ,h5ry ,=d's fri5ds1 ,*>les ,b4 ,k+ ( ,detroit1 0 an umpire ( ! race4 ,back 9 ,detroit1 ! two fri5ds probably discuss$ ! m]its ( ! c>s t ,k+ _h se5 9 ,*icago4 ,at any rate1 ,k+ gave ,=d "s intake valves = 8 eng9es4 ,h5ry ,=d cont9u$ to add to 8 k ( gas eng9es4 ,soon aft] ! race 9 ,*icago1 ! ,am]ican ,ma*9i/ magaz9e told ( an eng9e inv5t$ by ,e4 ,j4 ,p5n+ton :i*1 9 a day :5 mo/ gas eng9es 7 bulky & heavy1 0 light & compact4 ,?is idea appeal$ to ,=d1 & 8 "w took a new turn4 ,! ,fir/ ,=d ,takes to ! ,road ,by ! spr+ ( #ahif1 he 0 ready to make a trial run ) 8 own horseless c>riage4 ,fir/ he _h to te> out "p ( ! brick wall ( 8 %$ 9 ord] to get 8 ma*9e into ! alley4 ,once 9 ! op51 ! eng9e 0 />t$1 & ! c> bump$ d[n ! cobble/one /reet & cont9u$ successfully on its fir/ %ort run ar\nd ! block4 ,a few weeks lat]1 he drove x out to ! home/ead 9 ,de>born4 ,8 fa!r 0 n impress$ ) ! contraption4 ,^! fir/ te/s meant m labor2 h\rs ( *ang+1 adju/+1 & repair+ 7 ahead4 ,dur+ ! day1 ,=d 0 ! *ief eng9e] ( ! ,illum9at+ ,company1 b 9 8 sp>e "t1 he 0 ,=d ! exp]im5t]4 ,! signs ( ! times 7 enc\rag+4 ,! great inv5tor1 ,?omas ,edison1 ann\nc$ 9 ! newspap]s t ! horse 0 doom$4 ,up 9 ,lans+1 ,r4 ,e4 ,olds produc$ 8 fir/ ,oldsmobile4 ,alex&] ,w9ton ( ,clevel& drove 8 auto f ,clevel& to ,new ,york1 mak+ :at 0 call$ a reliability run4 ,william ,k4 ,v&]bilt b\ght a c> to race4 ,all ov] ! nation1 p began to read & he> ab\t ! m>vels ( ! new inv5tion1 ( ! m5 :o 7 build+ c>s1 & ( ! races !y held at fairgr\nds & p>ks4 ,a new field 0 ?us op5$ up = sportsm54 ,9 ,detroit1 ,william ,h4 ,murphy1 a prom95t citiz51 he>d ( ,h5ry ,=d's c>4 ,murphy & 8 fri5ds saw an opportunity to get into ! rac+ c> bus9ess2 !y =m$ a company1 call$ ! ,detroit ,automobile ,company1 ) ,h5ry ,=d z its *ief eng9e]4 ,at la/ he c\ld leave ! ,illum9at+ ,company & devote all ( 8 "t to automobiles4 ,x 0 a bold move = a man ) a family to give up a good job4 ,"s ( 8 fri5ds & relatives told ea* o!r t he %\ld h /ay$ :]e he 04 ,! orig9al inve/m5t ( ,murphy & 8 fri5ds 0 n en\gh4 ,improvem5ts & *anges 9 ! model 7 made4 ,ev5 ?\gh #fh1jjj 0 inve/$ 9 ! company1 ! hop$ = production ( _m c>s nev] mat]ializ$1 & 9 ,janu>y1 #aija1 ,h5ry ,=d left ! ,detroit ,automobile ,company4 ,h5ry ,=d w5t to "w on a rac] :i* he hop$ w\ld br+ him new opportunities to manufacture automobiles4 ,8 *ance came 9 #aija4 ,x 0 ann\nc$ 9 ,detroit t ,alex&] ,w9ton w\ld race 8 _w *ampion c>1 ,! ,bullet1 at ! ,grosse ,po9te race track1 a few miles f ! city2 ,h5ry ,=d *all5g$ ! *ampion4 ,:5 ! day ( ! race arriv$1 /ores & %ops clos$1 & a p>ade ( sixty-eight c>s mov$ out to ,grosse ,po9te4 ,?ree c>s l9$ up = ! t5-mile race1 b only ,w9ton & ,=d got away4 ,at ! end ( eight miles1 ,=d 0 trail+ ,w9ton1 b !n ! ,bullet began to sputt]1 & x limp$ to ! f9i% l9e beh9d ! rac] built by ,=d4 ,! newspap]s ! next day report$ t ,h5ry ,=d 0 n[ 9 ! fir/ rank ( ,am]ican *auffeurs4 ,9 ,novemb]1 #aija1 ! ,h5ry ,=d ,company 0 organiz$ to manufacture automobiles1 b ! v5ture 0 %ort-liv$1 & f\r mon?s lat]1 ,=d 0 work+ = himself aga94 ,9 8 small work%op1 he w5t to "w on two new rac]s1 ! ,arr[ & ! #iii4 ,) ! help ( a draftsman1 a me*anic1 & a retir$ bicycle *ampion1 ! new c>s 7 made ready = rac+4 ,=d f\nd a bicycle *ampion1 ,b>ney ,oldfield1 to pilot 8 #iii 9 ! ,manufactur]s ,*all5ge ,cup ,race at ,grosse ,po9te4 ,?is "t 8 c> l$ ! field to a new record1 f9i%+ a mile 9 front ( 8 competitors4 ,aft] ! race1 ,a4 ,y4 ,malcomson1 a ,detroit coal deal]1 became int]e/$ 9 ,h5ry ,=d & 8 automobiles4 ,! two m5 became p>tn]s 9 a new v5ture & ,h5ry ,=d began "w on a pilot model = a new c>4 ,dur+ ! e>ly mon?s ( #aijc1 m inve/ors 7 f\nd4 ,by spr+1 a new company 0 organiz$ to c>ry out ! plans ( ,=d & ,malcomson4 ,9 ,june1 #aijc1 ! ,=d ,motor ,company 0 incorporat$4 ,9 addition to ,malcomson1 ! orig9al /ockhold]s includ$ ,james ,c\z5s1 an employee ( ,malcomson2 ,john & ,horace ,dodge1 ! own]s ( a ma*9e %op2 ,alb]t ,/rel[1 a contractor2 ,john ,s4 ,gray1 a bank]2 ,v]non ,e4 ,fry1 a real e/ate deal]2 ,*>les ,h4 ,b5nett1 an air rifle manufactur]2 ,c4 ,j4 ,woodhall1 a cl]k2 ,horace ,h4 ,rackham & ,john ,w4 ,&]son1 lawy]s2 & ,h5ry ,=d4 ,toge!r1 !y _h rais$ #bh1jjj to />t ! new v5ture4 ,! new company r5t$ a build+ on ,mack ,av5ue 9 ,detroit = #ge a mon? & prep>$ to manufacture its automobiles4 ,! new factory 0 #bej feet long by #ej feet wide4 ,?is 0 adequate space1 s9ce ! new company did n attempt to make any ( ! p>ts = its c>s4 ,! ,dodge bro!rs1 :o own$ a l>ge ma*9e %op1 made ! ,=d *assis1 a c>riage company built ! body1 & ! :eels 7 pur*as$ 9 ,lans+4 ,once ! p>ts 7 br\ght toge!r1 a doz5 m5 assembl$1 adju/$1 & te/$ ! complet$ c>--! e>ly model ,a ,=d4 ,soon ?is c>1 :i* sold = #iej f4o4b4 ,detroit1 0 adv]tis$ z ! boss ( ! road4 ,its two cyl9d]s gave x a maximum spe$ ( ?irty miles p] h\r4 ,al?\gh ,h5ry ,=d's fir/ two v5tures into automobile manufactur+ _h n be5 successful1 ?is ?ird attempt %[$ great promise4 ,at ! end ( ! fir/ ye>1 ! ,=d ,motor ,company _h sold ov] sev5te5 hundr$ automobiles4 ,! ye> #aijc1 :i* m>k$ a turn+ po9t 9 ! life ( ,h5ry ,=d1 n[ =ty ye>s ( age1 0 an int]e/+ ye> = all ,am]icans4 ,! fir/ successful transcont95tal automobile trip 0 complet$ 9 ,augu/4 ,a telegraphic cable 0 complet$ across ! ,pacific to ,manila 9 ! ,philipp9es4 ,9 ,wa%+ton1 ,!odore ,roosevelt 0 cle>+ ! way = ! build+ ( ! ,panama ,canal1 & 9 ,new ,j]sey1 ! ,edison /udios complet$ ! fir/ full-l5g? motion picture1 call$ ,! ,great ,tra9 ,robb]y4 ,f9ally1 9 ,decemb]1 ,orville & ,wilbur ,wright flew an airplane successfully at ,kitty ,hawk1 ,nor? ,c>ol9a4 ,dur+ ! next few ye>s1 ^? :o m>vel$ at progress 9 #aijc saw ev5 great] *anges 9 _! way ( liv+ br\ght ab\t by improv$ transportation & communication4 ,! tw5tie? c5tury _h />t$ (f well4 ,! ,=d ,motor ,company 0 also exp]im5t+ ) *anges4 ,models ,b1 ,c1 & ,f appe>$4 ,:5 ! ,mack ,av5ue plant 0 no long] adequate to h\se ! activities ( ! company1 a new build+ 0 erect$1 t5 times l>g] ?an ! fir/ "o4 ,by #aijf1 ! company ann\nc$ models ,n1 ,s1 & ,r1 z well z a six-cyl9d] ,k4 ,exp]im5tation w5t beyond ! build+ ( diff]5t models ( automobiles2 = example1 a tractor 0 plann$ & con/ruct$1 b nev] sold4 ,dur+ ?is "t1 *anges 7 also made 9 ! own]%ip ( ! plant4 ,"s ( ! /ockhold]s sold out1 & ,h5ry ,=d became ! major own] ( ! ,=d ,motor ,company4 ,a real dang] to ,=d & 8 company dur+ ^! e>ly ye>s 0 ! ?reat ( a pat5t suit4 ,back at ! "t ( ! ,times-,h]ald race 9 #ahie1 ,george ,seld51 a lawy] 9 ,ro*e/]1 ,new ,york1 _h pat5t$ a self-propell$ vehicle driv5 by an int]nal combu/ion eng9e4 ,al?\gh he nev] built an automobile1 all ^? :o did 7 ?reat5$ ) infr+em5t suits4 ,?is fact made x necess>y = ! mak]s ( automobiles to pay royalties to ! pat5t hold]4 ,! ,=d ,motor ,company refus$4 ,! result 0 a long & involv$ battle 9 ! f$]al c\rts1 la/+ until #aiaa :5 ! case 0 f9ally settl$ 9 favor ( ! ,=d ,motor ,company4 ,illu/ration3 ,! f>mh\se :]e ,h5ry ,=d 0 born 9 #ahfc /&s today 9 ,gre5field ,village 444 ,illu/ration3 444 along ) ! small brick s*oolh\se f ! ,scot* settlem5t :]e he began s*ool 9 #ahga4 ,illu/ration3 ,! int]ior ( ! #eh ,bagley ,av5ue work%op :]e ,=d built 8 fir/ c>1 z re/or$ 9 ,gre5field ,village4 ,! c> itself is n[ on display 9 ,! ,h5ry ,=d ,museum4 ,illu/ration3 ,! body drop at ! ,highl& ,p>k plant ( ! ,=d ,motor ,company 9 #aiac4 ,! mod]n automobile assembly l9e grew f su* op]ations z ?is4 ,photo c\rtesy ,=d ,motor ,company ,ar*ives ,illu/ration3 ,h5ry ,=d views 8 fir/ c> & ! t5 million? ,=d 9 #aibd4444 ,illu/ration3 ,by ?is "t ! ,model ,t /&+ 9 front ( a f>mh\se 0 a famili> sight all ov] ,am]ica4 ,photo c\rtesy ,=d ,motor ,company ,! ,model ,t is ,born ,9 spite ( exp]im5tation1 reorganization1 & pat5t difficulties1 ! ye> #aijg f\nd ! ,=d ,motor ,company op]at+ successfully4 ,?is 0 a ye> ( panic 9 ! nation1 b ! company made plans to build an ev5 bigg] factory to manufacture automobiles4 ,9 #aijh1 x 0 ann\nc$ t ! ,=d ,motor ,company _h pur*as$ a race track 9 ne>by ,highl& ,p>k :]e x w\ld con/ruct ! l>ge/ automobile plant 9 ! _w4 ,at ! same "t1 draftsm5 & eng9e]s 7 plann+ a new model1 to be call$ model ,t4 ,9 ,octob]1 #aijh1 ! fir/ model ,t appe>$1 & be=e ! ye> end$1 ov] ?ree hundr$ ( !m _h be5 %ipp$ to deal]s ?r\gh\t ! nation4 ,! ,=d company claim$ t ?is new automobile w\ld s\nd ! dea? knell ( high prices & big pr(its4 ,its adv]tisem5ts ann\nc$ t we c devote all our "t & money to tak+ c>e ( ! ord]s = ! c> t p h actually be5 wait+ =--a family c> at an hone/ price4 ,! eng9e 0 new & get-at-able1 an important feature 9 a day :5 mo/ automobile own]s repair$ _! own c>s4 ,:ile ,h5ry ,=d _h be5 a prom95t automobile manufactur] be=e #aijh1 x 0 ?is new univ]sal c> t br\ght a new era 9 ,am]ica4 ,! automobile 0 no long] int5d$ = sportsm5 alone1 b = all ^? :o c\ld af=d to buy "o1 & ,h5ry ,=d int5d$ to see t ! price ( 8 automobile 0 l[ en\gh = millions ( p to own a ,=d c>4 ,soon aft] ! success ( ! model ,t 0 assur$1 ,h5ry ,=d 0 ask$ ab\t ! secret ( 8 ability to produce automobiles4 ,he divulg$ 8 secret 9 ^! t]ms3 h a simple design1 use ! late/ ma*9]y1 /&>dize ! p>ts1 make ! entire automobile y\rself1 & always h a good supply ( mat]ials on h&4 ,?r\gh\t ! re/ ( 8 life1 he held to ^! pr9ciples4 ,by #aiaa1 ,=d c>s 7 manufactur$ by ! hundr$s ( ?\s&s4 ,! process ( assembl+ automobiles receiv$ m & m att5tion1 & by #aiad1 a ,=d c> c\ld be put toge!r 9 an h\r & a half4 ,by ! end ( #aiae1 a million model ,t's _h be5 produc$4 ,x _h tak5 sev5 ye>s to make ?is _m ( !m1 b 9 ! next elev5 ye>s1 f\rte5 million m 7 plac$ on ! m>ket4 ,! model ,t ,=d 0 ! univ]sal c> 9 fact z well z 9 "n4 ,:ile model ,t's *ang$ 9 appe>ance f ye> to ye>1 !re 0 an ev5 great] & nev]-end+ *ange 9 ! process ( manufactur+ !m4 ,! result+ economies br\ght l[] prices1 & ?is meant m c>s = m p4 ,h5ry ,=d 0 ev] on ! look\t = ways & means to produce c>s m effici5tly4 ,by #aiad1 a floor conveyor 0 9 op]ation at ! ,highl& ,p>k plant1 s t ! half-complet$ c>s mov$ ?r\gh ! plant :ile ! work]s /ay$ 9 "o place4 ,?is assembly l9e became ! key to great] production4 ,9 ord] to keep ! l9e mov+ smoo?ly1 ma*9]y 0 cont9ually be+ re>rang$ & new *utes & conveyors 7 in/all$4 ,ea* improvem5t br\ght new & (t5 un=ese5 problems 9 ! nev]-end+ task ( fitt+ toge!r ! pieces ( ! huge jig-saw puzzle ( production4 ,al?\gh ! ,=d ,motor ,company did n manufacture ! p>ts t 7 us$ 9 assembl+ ! fir/ ,=d1 ?is policy 0 *ang$ ?r\gh ! ye>s4 ,m & m ( ! model ,t 0 made by ! company 9 its own plant4 ,9 #aiae1 ,h5ry ,=d s5t an ag5t out to ,de>born to buy f>m l& along ! ,riv] ,r\ge--?\s&s ( acres 7 pur*as$4 ,n[ !re w\ld be room n only to enl>ge ! assembly l9e itself1 b to manufacture m ( ! ,=d 9 "o factory4 ,"h x w\ld be possible to beg9 ) raw mat]ials--iron ore1 s&1 cotton1 rubb]1 & ! c\ntless o!r mat]ials--& conv]t !m into /eel1 glass1 & clo? to make ! ,=d4 ,) ?is 9 view1 a trem5d\s program ( con/ruction 0 begun along ! banks ( ! ,riv] ,r\ge4 ,soon !re 7 indu/ries )9 indu/ries at ! ,r\ge4 ,bla/ furnaces & coke ov5s 7 f$ ) coal1 iron ore1 & lime/one br\ght to ! plant f ,=d m9es by ,=d railroads & ,=d freight]s4 ,!re 7 glass mills1 pap] factories1 tire plants1 & saw mills4 ,! products ( ^! mills & plants fl[$ into ! assembly l9es n only at ! ,r\ge plant b at o!r assembly plants scatt]$ all ov] ! _w4 ,! production ( ,=d c>s rose to gigantic proportions4 ,9 #aiad1 ! ye> t ,h5ry ,=d & 8 eng9e]s began to plan = ! plant on ! ,r\ge1 ov] two hundr$ ?\s& automobiles 7 produc$4 ,b 9 ! ye> #aibc1 ov] two million model ,t's roll$ (f ! assembly l9es4 ,9 #aibe1 ne>ly t5 ?\s& ,=ds 7 complet$ 9 a s+le day 9 ,=d plants4 ,! _w _h nev] be=e se5 su* an indu/rial giant z ! "o ,h5ry ,=d & 8 son ,edsel _h creat$4 ,! automobiles produc$ by ,=d & 8 competitors did m ?an replace ! horse & c>riage4 ,!y *ang$ ! daily habits ( ,am]icans ev]y:]e4 ,no long] did families 9 ! cities h to live 9 ! %ad[ ( ! factories :]e ! head ( ! h\sehold 0 employ$4 ,"s families mov$ to ! suburbs _m miles away f /ores & indu/ries1 :ile o!r city dwell]s left ! urban areas completely to live 9 ! c\ntry4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ^? :o _h always liv$ on f>ms c\ld come to ! city ) ease 9 automobiles4 ,! f>m]s 7 able to enjoy ! advantages ( ! city4 ,?us x 0 t ,am]icans mov$ ab\t 9 a way unhe>d ( ye>s be=e4 ,z travel increas$1 dirt roads 7 replac$ by ! sup]-highways4 ,s]vice /ations1 motels1 & g>ages dott$ ! newly-built concrete & brick roads4 ,9 ! cities1 p became aw>e ( ! p>k+ problem1 & ( traffic jams4 ,! increas+ numb] ( automobiles also br\ght dea? on ! highways & city /reets to hundr$s ( ,am]icans ea* ye>4 ,z ! ye>s w5t by1 automobile manufactur]s *ang$ too4 ,at fir/1 !re 7 doz5s ( mak]s ( automobiles ^: names are all b =gott5 n[4 ,z ! numb] ( manufactur]s decreas$1 ! numb] ( c>s made annually by ! rema9+ companies grew l>g] & l>g]4 ,ev5tually p talk$ ab\t ! big ?ree ( ! automobile indu/ry4 ,competition betwe5 rival mak]s & ,h5ry ,=d br\ght ! days ( ! model ,t to an end4 ,f #aijh to #aibg1 fifte5 million ,=ds _h be5 produc$1 ! ,=d ,motor ,company _h become ! colossus ( ! indu/ry1 & ,h5ry ,=d's "n 0 kn[n all ov] ! _w4 ,nev]!less1 9 ord] to ma9ta9 ?is position1 x 0 necess>y to keep pace ) ! times4 ,9 ord] to d ?is1 ! ,r\ge plant 0 sil5c$ until a new ,=d c\ld be design$ & put into production4 ,ma*9e tools _h to be replac$1 & new dies & fixtures made4 ,to accompli% ?is 9 ! l>ge/ factory 9 ! _w 0 a h]culean task4 ,indu/rial lead]s all ov] ! nation wat*$ ) eag] eyes = news f ,h5ry ,=d at ,de>born4 ,f9ally1 9 ,decemb]1 #aibg1 ! new model ,a 0 %[n to ! public4 ,?is new ,=d 0 front page news ov] ! nation4 ,at ! ,madison ,squ>e ,g>d5 9 ,new ,york ,city1 att5dance records 7 brok5 :5 cr[ds came to see ! model ,a4 ,?is new ,=d bore little resemblance to ! model ,t4 ,x n[ _h a ge> %ift1 f\r-:eel brakes1 & a foot ?rottle4 ,x (f]$ _m v>iations 9 body /yles & color1 & x 0 ! fir/ automobile to h a safety-glass w9d%ield4 ,! ,riv] ,r\ge plant once aga9 humm$ ) activity4 ,?\s&s ( model ,a's 7 produc$ ea* day4 ,by #aicb1 five million ( ! new ,=ds 7 on ! highways ( ! nation4 ,t ye>1 ! ,=d ,motor ,company introduc$ ! ,v-#h eng9e1 :i* 0 unique 9 its field4 ,! transition f ! gas-pipe cyl9d] on ! kit*5 s9k back at #eh ,bagley ,av5ue 9 ! #ahij's to p[]ful eight-cyl9d] eng9es t 7 turn$ out by ! ?\s&s ea* day at ! l>ge/ indu/rial plant 9 ! _w _h tak5 a long "t to accompli%4 ,dur+ ^! decades1 ,h5ry ,=d rel5tlessly pursu$ 8 idea--m c>s = m p4 ,new ,fields ,beckon ,automobiles1 h[ev]1 7 n ! only ?+ t int]e/$ ! man :o put ,am]ica on :eels4 ,he _h _m o!r ideas1 "s ( :i* fail$ :ile o!rs succe$$4 ,!re 01 fir/1 ! matt] ( 8 int]e/ 9 f>m+1 & 9 ! l&4 ,he _h exp]im5t$ ) a gasol9e f>m tractor e>ly 9 ! #aijj's1 b he 0 unsuccessful 9 develop+ a l9e ( f>m eng9es4 ,9 #aiae1 a tractor plant at ,de>born 0 begun4 ,"s ( ! fir/ tractors 7 s5t to ,briti% f>m]s dur+ ! fir/ ,_w ,w>4 ,out ( ?is exp]i5ce grew ! ,=dson tractor1 :i*1 l ! model ,t1 0 light 9 weight & _h a l[ sell+ price4 ,mu* m important to ! f>m]s ?an 8 tractors 0 ! effect t ! model ,t ,=d c> _h on ! life ( ! p 9 rural areas4 ,x _h1 9 fact1 be5 call$ ! f>m]s' c>4 ,ev5tually ,h5ry ,=d became int]e/$ 9 f>m+ itself4 ,he _h ?\s&s ( acres put "u cultivation on ,=d f>ms4 ,9 ! #aicj's1 ) ! _w burd5$ "u an economic depression1 ,=d reviv$ 8 int]e/ 9 a program :i* he _h begun 9 #aiai ( e/abli%+ small factories 9 ! rural areas ( ,mi*igan4 ,he hop$ to rev]se ! tide t saw f>m]s ru%+ to become city dwell]s1 !reby br++ ab\t a decl9e ( agricultural areas4 ,he also became int]e/$ 9 ! products ( ! soil t c\ld be us$ 9 ! mak+ ( automobiles4 ,! agricultural laboratories he e/abli%$ discov]$ _m sub/itutes = metals1 & ,=d c>s began to appe> ) p>ts made f soybeans & o!r agricultural crops4 ,he also _h an idea ab\t transportation 9 ! air4 ,! idea rang$ f flivv] planes to all-metal ?ree-motor$ transport %ips4 ,! ,=d tri-motor play$ an important "p 9 ! developm5t ( comm]cial aviation4 ,pilots call$ x ! t9 goose1 & x became kn[n f> & wide z a safe airplane 9 a day :5 fly+ 0 haz>d\s4 ,aviation safety 0 also aid$ :5 a radio beacon sy/em 0 fir/ p]fect$ at ,de>born4 ,!n = a p]iod ( ye>s1 ,=d dropp$ ! manufacture ( airplanes1 b 9 #aida1 ) ! com+ ( ,_w ,w> ,,ii1 airplane production became a necess>y "p ( w> prep>ation1 & ,h5ry ,=d made airplanes aga94 ,?is "t !y 7 fa/]1 bigg]1 & m deadly4 ,bomb]s mov$ d[n ! assembly l9es at ! ,will[ ,run plant1 :i* 0 ! ,r\ge ( ! bomb] indu/ry4 ,:5 ! w> end$ & production 0 halt$1 ov] eight ?\s& ,lib]ators _h be5 assembl$ by ! ,=d ,motor ,company4 ,h5ry ,=d wat*$ ov] ! assembly l9e at ,will[ ,run j z he did at ! ,r\ge4 ,he cont9u$ to le>n f tools & ma*9es & to read ! /ory !y _h to tell4 ,out ( 8 own exp]i5ces came 8 ideas ab\t education4 ,9 speak+ ( 8 y\?1 he once said1 ,i 0 /udy+ all ! "t1 n only f books b also f ?+s4 ,9 #aibi he put 8 ideas into practice by e/abli%+ a comb9$ s*ool & museum1 :i* he call$ ,! ,edison ,in/itute4 ,"h he br\ght ! s*oolh\ses1 ! dwell+s1 ! work%ops1 & ! /ores ( o!r days s t ! pupils 9 ! s*ools ( ! ,in/itute c\ld /udy n only f books b f ?+s4 ,?is "p ( ! ,in/itute he call$ ,gre5field ,village4 ,he ga!r$ ?\s&s ( objects to put into ,! ,h5ry ,=d ,museum s t !y c\ld be /udi$ by all :o want$ to le>n ab\t ! pa/4 ,i am collect+ ! hi/ory ( our p z writt5 into ?+s _! h&s made & us$1 he said2 444 a piece ( ma*9]y or any?+ t is made is l a book1 if y c read x4 ,x is "p ( man's _s4 ,he ?us provid$ a s*ool n only = *ildr5 b also = work]s4 ,h5ry ,=d once call$ ! museum & ,village t he _h creat$ a p's univ]sity4 ,"h at ,! ,edison ,in/itute ! creator ( mass production me?ods--n[ int5sely int]e/$ 9 ! h& "w ( village craftsm5--sp5t _m h\rs4 ,he cont9u$ to be ke5ly int]e/$ 9 ! future ( ! automobile indu/ry :ile he collect$ relics ( ! pa/4 ,8 unusual appreciation ( bo? ! pa/ & ! future is illu/rat$ by ! description ( ,h5ry ,=d z ! "o man :o c\ld sp5d 8 "t collect+ old *urns :ile he foll[$ ! exp]im5ts ( 8 *emi/s conc]n+ syn!tic milk4 ,f 8 home 9 ,de>born1 he kept a wat*ful eye ov] ! ,r\ge plant1 n[ head$ by 8 gr&son1 & ov] ,! ,edison ,in/itute4 ,x 0 aft] a visit to ,gre5field ,village on ! aft]noon ( ,april #g1 #aidg1 t ,h5ry ,=d became ill4 ,he di$ dur+ ! ev5+ at ! age ( eighty-?ree4 ,?is man1 :o _h be5 born into a _w ( horse-drawn c>riages1 _h left a _w ( p[]$ :eels4 ,:ile ! entire ,edison ,in/itute /&s z a memorial to ,h5ry ,=d's int]e/ 9 ! pa/1 c]ta9 exhibits h a p>ticul>ly close relation%ip to 8 life & "w4 ,at ! ,h5ry ,=d ,museum1 visitors c see a special exhibition entitl$ ,h5ry ,=d3 a ,p]sonal ,hi/ory4 ,?is display depicts ! important /ages 9 ,h5ry ,=d's busy c>e]4 ,9 ,gre5field ,village1 build+s :i* 7 closely associat$ ) 8 life include3 ,! ,bir?place ( ,h5ry ,=d4 ,! ,bagley ,av5ue work%op1 :]e ,h5ry ,=d built 8 fir/ automobile4 ,! ,magill ,jewelry ,/ore1 :]e1 z a y\?1 he repair$ wat*es & clocks4 ,! ,scot* ,settlem5t ,s*ool & ! ,mill] ,s*ool1 :]e ,h5ry ,=d receiv$ 8 =mal education4 ,transcrib]'s ,notes --,sil5tly correct$ a few typos4 --,reta9$ publication in=mation f ! pr9t$ edition3 ?is e,book is public-doma9 9 ! c\ntry ( publication4 --,9 ! text v]sions only1 text 9 italics is delimit$ by und]scores4